a in

THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM

SYDNEY.

CATALOGUE

OF THE

AUSTRALIAN

STALK- AND SESSILE-EYED
CRUSTACEA.

BY

WILLIAM A. HASWELL, M.A., B.Sc.

PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
E. P. RAMSAY, F.L.S., Curator.

SYDNEY:

F. W. WHITE, PRINTER, 39, MARKET STREET.

1882.

•

NEW SOUTII wales:

PRINTED BY F. W. WHITE,

39, Market Street,

SYDNEY.

10 117

N. Y, A i

CX ScieJ

PEEFACE.

The object aimed at in the present Work, which, it is
intended, will be followed by others of a similar character,
has been to present a complete Catalogue of all the Stalk- and
Sessile-Eyed Crustacea, so far as these are at present known,
with a description of each species, as well as of the tribes,
families, and genera. The need of such compilations is much
felt in Australia, on account of the absence in the Colonies of
complete scientific libraries, and the consequent difficulties
experienced by those studying the science of zoology in any
of its branches, in obtaining access to original memoirs. It
is hoped that the present Catalogue will not only afford a
guide to the Museum collections, but will also prove a great
boon to students of this branch of systematic Zoology,
throughout the Australian Colonies generally.

A work of the present kind cannot lay claim to much
originality, — the greater number of the descriptions having
already been published elsewhere ; but many of the species
enumerated have not previously been recorded as inhabitants
of Australian waters, and a very large number of new
Australian localities for known Australian species are now
here published for the first time. A short Introduction
describing briefly the chief structural characteristics of the
Stalk- and Sessile-Eyed Crustacea, has been added, and will,
it is hoped, prove useful.

IV PREFACE.

The classification followed in this Catalogue has been
mainly that of Dana. Though this arrangement is in certain
respects unsatisfactory, it has been thought advisable in a
work like the present rather to adhere to this widely accepted
classification, than to attempt any extensive modification of
it.* When the description of an author has been quoted
verbatim, or in an abbreviated form, his initials have been
appended.

Mr. Haswell informs me that besides the works of the
earlier authors, he has been indebted in the compilation of
this Catalogue more especially to the memoirs of Dr. A.
Milne-Edwards, particularly his " Recherches sur la Faune
Carcinologique dela Nouvelle-Caledonie," and his " Etudes
sur les Canceriens," to Dana's " Crustacea of the U. S.
Exploring Expedition," to Heller's Crustacea of the " Reise
der Novara," to Spence-Bates' " Catalogue of the Amphi-
poda," and to the numerous Carcinological Memoirs of E. J.
Miers, especially his " Catalogue of the Crustacea of New
Zealand." He desires also to take this opportunity of
rendering thanks to those from whom he has received
assistance — more especially to the Royal Society of Tasmania
for kindly granting the loan of their copy of Dana's " Crus-
tacea," to the Hon. William Macleay, and to Prof. M'Coy,
for the loan of books and specimens.

The letters A.M. indicate that the species is represented
in the collection of the Australian Museum.

ED. P. RAMSAY, Curator.

Australian Museum,

March ist, 1882.

*The direction in which to look for a more natural classification has
been recently well pointed out by J. E. V. Boas.

INTRODUCTION.

The Crustacea are a group of back-boneless or invertebrate
animals, distinguished by the possession of a more or less hard
jointed external crust or exosheleton, nearly all living habitually
in water, and breathing by means of gills.

Of the Crustacea the large group of the Malacostraca arc
distinguished from the rest (the Entomostraca) by the number
of the segments of the body, of which there are always twenty,
except in certain cases in which amalgamation or abortion of
one or more of the segments has taken place.

Taking as a readily obtainable example of the Malacostracous
Crustacea the common prawn* (Penceus canal iculatus of Milne-
Edwards), we find that it consists of two clearly distinguishable
parts — an anterior .shield-like portion bearing the eyes and
feelers and extencU^back over about a third of the length
of the body, and a posterior portion, distinguished by being
divided by transverse lines into rings or segments which are
found to be freely moveable on one another, so as to confer a
considerable degree of flexibility on this posterior region of the
body. "When one of these rings or segments is examined
separately, it is found to consist above of a high convex dorsal
arch, and below of a narrow straight ventral bar ; on either side
the dorsal arch sends down a free fold or flap, so that the ventral
bar is situated in a deep longitudinal hollow or groove enclosed
between these. The dorsal arch of each segment overlaps to a
considerable extent that following it ; the ventral bars are
separated from one another by wide spaces occupied by a thin
translucent membrane — the sternal membrane. The dorsal arch
is called the tergum, the ventral bar the sternum, the side flaps

* The term Prawn is very generally applied in Australia to species of the
genus Penceus, the genus Palamon being less widely known as a article of diet.

VI INTEODUCTION.

are the pleura, while the portion of the sternum interposed on
either side between the point of insertion of the appendage and
the pleuron is called the epimeron. Each of these segments is
found to possess a pair of appendages — the swimmerets — each
attached by a movable joint to the sternum. When one of these
appendages is detached, it is found to consist of a thick two-
jointed basal portion — the protopodite — and two long narrow
compressed laminae made up of numerous very short transverse
segments ; the outer and larger of these laminae is called the
exopodite ; the inner the endopodite of the appendage. In all
there are seen to be six segments having the general character
described above. The first three are rounded above ; but the
rest, especially the last, present a sharp dorsal keel, and the
appendages of the first and of the last segments differ considerably
in shape and position from those of the others. The appendages
of the first segment are uniramous in both wfewwofar-, in the

male a broad membrane — the petasma — is attached by a narrow
stalk to the basal joint, and is united to its fellow in the middle
line by a series of minute hooked spines ; in the female the
petasma is rudimentary ; in the male, but not in the female, the
second pair of appendages has a rudimentary third branch. The
last pair of appendages are articulated at the hinder extremity of
the segment, instead of being attached near the middle of the
under surface ; the basal portion — protopodite — is very large and
stout, and the endopodite and exopodite are developed into
broad plates. Lying between and above these appendages, and
articulating with their segments, after the manner of an additional
segment, is a narrow pointed body — the telson. The whole of
this hinder jointed portion of the body of the Prawn is called
the abdomen. The anterior, apparently unjointed, portion of
the body is called the ceplialotliorax. The apparent absence of
segmentation is due to the development of the great dorsal shield
or carapace, into which the dorsal portions of the skeleton of the
segments have coalesced — the several segments being, with the
exception of the last, so intimately connected and fused as to be
incapable of motion on one another. On the lower or ventral
surface of the cephalothorax, however, the segmentation is
distinct enough — the sterna of the constituent somites being
readily traceable. The carapace is produced in front into a long

INTEODUCTION.

vn

pointed process — the rostrum ; its middle portion corresponds
to the terga of the segments or somites which it covers ; the side
portions which constitute a pair of broad flaps covering the gills
and corresponding to the pleura of the cephalothoracic segments,
are called the brancliiostegites or gill-covers. The appendages
belonging to the cepthalothorax may be conveniently regarded
as falling into two groups — the appendages of the head or
cephalon, and the appendages of the thorax. The division
between the two is indicated by a fold — the cervical fold — at the
side of the mouth, and is marked out also in most of the group

Fig. I. — Appendages of Penceus canaliculatus.

a, Mandibles ; b, first maxilla ; c, second maxilla ; d, first maxillipede ;
e, second maxillipede ; f, third maxillipede ; g, leg of first pair; ex,
exopodite ; ep, epipodite ; 1-7, joints of the endopodite.

to which the Prawn belongs by a transverse groove on the
carapace, the cervical groove, which, however, is but slightly
indicated in the Prawn. The thorax, as thus marked off, consists

Vlll INTEODUCTION.

of eight segments — the last of which is movable on the rest ;
and each of these eight segments bears a pair of appendages.
The appendages of the last five of these are the ambulatory and
prehensile legs. Each of these consists of an exopodite and endo-
podite ; the former is quite rudimentary, the limb being consti-
tuted by the endopodite. The endopodite of each limb consists of
seven joints — the basal joint is called the coxa or coxopodite ; the
second is the basus, basos, or basipodite ; the third is the ischium
or ischiopodite ; the fourth is the meros, merus, or meropodite ;
the fifth is the carpus or carpopodite ; the sixth the propodos or
propodite ; the seventh and last is the dactylos, dactylus, or
dactylopodite. Attached to the coxopodite is a branchial appen-
dage— the epipodite. The first three of these five posterior
thoracic appendages take the form of pincers or chelce ; the last
two end in simple pointed claws ; the chelate form is brought
about by the production of the propodite beyond the point of
insertion of the dactylopodite into a slender process extending
as far as the extremity of the latter. In these chelate thoracic
appendages the meropodite is frequently designated the arm, the
carpopodite the wrist, the propodite the hand, the distal prolon-
gation of the latter the immobile finger, and the dactylopodite
the mobile finger. The three anterior pairs of thoracic appen-
dages are the onaxillipedes or foot-jaws. The last of these has an
inner division or endopodite very similar in appearance to the
last two pairs of ambulatory legs, and having the same number
of joints : its exopodite, however, is much larger than in the
case of the ambulatory limbs, consisting of a long compressed,
many-jointed palp ; the epipodite is similar to those of the
ambulatory legs. In the second pair of maxillipedes the endo-
podite is much shorter and the joints more compressed than in
the third. The first pair of maxillipedes is constructed on a
different plan ; the endopodite takes the form of an ovate hair-
bordered plate ; the exopodite is slender and palpiform, and has
on its outer side a delicate membranous lamella ; the epipodite
consists of a membranous lamina without branchial filaments.

The appendages of the segments of the head or cephalon are
of two sorts — those attached round the mouth and connected
with mastication — viz., the two pairs of maxillae and the man-
dibles ; and the sensory appendages attached to the front of the

INTRODUCTION". IX

head, — viz., the antenna, the antennules, and the eyes. The
second pair of maxillae much resemble the first pair of maxilli-
pedes in general appearance, the coxopodite and basipodite are
produced inwards in the form of deeply bilobed lamellae fringed
internally with short hairs ; the ischium forms a short process
internal to this — the other joints being undeveloped ; the exo-
podite and epipodite combine to form a broad plate — the
scaphognathite — which lies in the cervical fold, and during life is
constantly in motion, scooping the water out of the branchial
cavity, and thus causing a constant current to flow over the gills.
The first pair of maxillae consist of three parts — two thick
internal plates, bordered with stout bristles, and representing
probably the coxopodite and the basipodite, and an external
palpiform appendage provided at the end with a few longish
hairs. The mandibles consist of two parts — a thick hard body,
obscurely toothed internally, and a large leaf-like appendage.
The sternum of the segment bearing the mandibles is called the
endostome or palate. In front of the mandibles and overhanging
the mouth is a fleshy median prominence — the labritm. In front
of the orifice of the mouth (buccal orifice) is a flat space, not
very wide in the Prawn, and hidden by the appendages of the
mandibles, which corresponds to the sternum of the next pre-
ceding or antennary somite, and is termed the epistome.

The antennce (or external antennce as they are frequently termed
by systematists in contradistinction to the internal antennce
or antennules) consist of a short basal joint — the coxicerite,
on which is situated the orifice of the "green gland," or supposed
renal organ ; a second, broad and short joint, the basioerite, to
which is articulated externally the scaphicerite, squame, or
exopodite of the antennae — an elongate scale ; a third, fourth,
and fifth joints, narrower than the preceding, and called
respectively the ischiocerite, merocerite and carpocerite, and
articulated with the last an extremely long many-jomtedflagellum
or procerite.

The appendages of the next antecedent somite are the
antennules or internal antennae. These consist of three basal
joints, the first of which is enlarged and contains the organ of
hearing, and of two terminal many-jointed filaments — the fiagella
— which in the Prawn are very short. The first pairjjf cephalic

X INTRODUCTION.

appendages are the stalked eyes, the stalk or peduncle of which
consists of a short hasal portion — the basiophthahnitc, and a
larger terminal portion — the podophthalmite — bearing the eye at
its extremity.

The body of the Prawn is thus seen to consist of twenty
segments or somites, six belonging to the head, eight to the
thorax, and six to the abdomen.

The breathing organs of the Prawn consist of gills or "bronchia
situated in the cavities enclosed on either side of the thorax by
the branchiostegites or lateral folds of the carapace. These
branchiae in the Prawn are of the kind termed trichobranchice,
i.e., they consist of a central stem, from which are given off
numerous lateral filaments. They are twenty in number
altogether in the Prawn, exclusive of the branchial epipodites
already mentioned as connected with the bases of the legs.
Two of the gills in each thoracic segment, except the first and
last, are attached to the membrane between the sternum and
the coxa of the appendage ; the first thoracic appendage has
one gill in that position, and the last none ; one gill is united to
the surface of the pleuron above the base of each of the thoracic
limbs except the first.

The organs of circulation of the Prawn consist of a heart and
blood-vessels. The heart is a polygonal sac situated in an
enclosed cavity— the pericardial sinus — immediately below the
carapace ; it receives from the pericardial sinus through certain
slits in its walls the blood brought back from the gills by vessels
called the branchio-cardiac vessels. The blood thus returned to
the heart from the gills is propelled to the various tissues and
organs of the body by six arterial trunks, five anterior and one
posterior, and eventually finds its way into large irregular ill-
defined vessels or sinuses, from which it is conveyed to the gills
by the afferent branchial vessels.

The organs of digestion of the Prawn consist of an abmentary
canal, divided into oesophagus, stomach, and intestine, and
extending through nearly the whole length of the body from the
mouth to the under side of the telson, where the anus is situated.
The mouth is a slit, opening into a wide tube — the oesophagus,
which passes nearly directly upwards to enter a tolerably spacious

INTKODUCTION. XI

sac — the cardiac division of the stomach. This sac has a system
of calcareous levers in its walls connected with teeth projecting
into the interior, and worked by appropriate muscles, so as to
form an efficient and powerful apparatus for the mastication of
food. Opening from the cardiac division of the stomach behind
is another sac: — the pyloric division of the stomach ; the walls of
this division are raised into folds, covered with hairs so as to
form a kind of strainer to prevent any but finely comminuted
particles of food from passing further. The strainer opens into
the narrow thin-walled intestine, which extends in a straight
course to the anal aperture. The liver consists of two large,
equal, lateral halves, one lying on each side of the stomach, the
two bile-ducts opening into the pyloric division.

The nervous system consists of a cerebral or cephalic ganglion,
situated in the front part of the head below the root of the
rostrum, and giving off nerves to the eyes, antennae, antennules,
and the parts about the head, and of a chain of nerve ganglia
extending throughout the length of the body. Of these ganglia
six are situated in the thorax, lying on the lower or ventral
aspect between the bases of the legs, and six lie in a correspond-
ing position in the abdomen. The first thoracic ganglion is
larger than the rest, and is connected by two nerves or com-
missures, one passing on each side of the oesophagus, with the
cerebral ganglia, and by other two with the second thoracic
ganglia ; the other thoracic ganglia are similiarly connected by
double commissures, but the commissures between the abdominal
ganglia are single and undivided.

The organs of sense consist of the eyes, certain cilia on the
under surface of the flagella of the antennules supposed to be
olfactory in function, and the auditory sacs situated in the basal
joint of the antennules.

The reproductive organs consist of the sexual glands {ovary
and testis), situated above and behind the pyloric division of
stomach and behind the heart, and the ducts (oviducts and vasa
dcferentia) by which their products are conveyed to the
exterior. The oviduct opens on the coxopodite of the ante-
penultimate thoracic appendage ; the vas diferens on the coxo-
podite of the last pair of appendages.

Xll INTRODUCTION.

In tlie course of its development from the egg, the Prawn
passes through two remarkable stages before gaining the adult
form. In the first of those stages the larva assumes the form of
an oval body with a median frontal eye, a large labrum and three
pairs of setose swimming appendages. In the latter it has a
rounded carapace, antennules, antennae, and mandibles, with four
other pairs of appendages of which the last three are bifurcated,
and five pairs of short lamellar processes ; the abdomen has long
and distinct segments, and ends in two setose processes, but is
destitute of appendages. The first of these is called the Nauplius,
and the second the Zooea stage.

The Prawn has the majority of the features thus briefly
sketched in common with the Crayfishes, the Crawfishes or
Rock-Lobsters, the Shrimps, and other forms of Crustacea
belonging to the great division of the Macroura or long-tailed
Decapods. Though differing considerably from one another in
the form of the appendages and the arrangement and structure
of their gills, the members of these different groups all agree in
the number and relations of the segments of the head, thorax,
and abdomen, in the general character of the appendages with
which these segments are severally provided, and in the relative
position and general structure of the digestive, nervous, circu-
latory and reproductive organs.

Nearly related to these, but with some marked points of
difference, are the Crabs, Brachyura or Short-tailed Decapods.
If we examine any of the common shore-crabs, we find the
general shape of the body very different from that of the Prawns.
We find, as in the Prawn, a broad cephalo-thoracic shield or
carapace, but this, instead of merely occupying the anterior
portion of the body of the animal, seems to cover the whole
upper surface with a hard shell. The reason of this appearance
is that in the Crab, though the total number of segments in the
body is the same as in the Prawn, the whole of the abdomen is
in an extremely rudimentary condition, and is tucked in under
the thorax so as to be quite concealed when the animal is looked
at from above. Though the abdominal segments, except in cases
in which several coalesce in the full grown animal, are the same
in number in the Crab as in the Prawn, there are no swimmerets
appended to them ; in the female, however, the four anterior

INTRODUCTION. Xlll

pairs are represented by appendages which serve for the attach-
ment of the eggs, and in the male two pairs of styliform appen-
dages having the function of external reproductive organs are
connected with the first and second segments.

Fig. II. — Diagramic view of the upper surface of carapace of a Crab, shewing

the position of the regions.

fr, Front ; o, eye ; g, epigastric region ; g', protogastric ; g", nasogastric ;
g":, metagastric; g1"1, urogastric; h, hepatic region; cs, portion of cervical
groove ; iri, epibranchial region ; br0*, mesobranchial ; br*, metabranchial.

The carapace is flatfish, or gently convex above, and turns
down suddenly at the sides so as to form a well-marked border.
Below it fits down closely over the bases of the thoracic limbs,
leaving only a small space in front of the great chelipedes or
pincer-claws for the ingress of the water to the gills. The
surface of the carapace of the Crab is generally marked out by
grooves into certain regions. The space between the eyes is
termed the front (Fig. \\.,fr.) ; in some Crabs, as in the Prawn, it
is drawn out anteriorly in the form of a beak or rostrum. Behind
the front is the gastric region (g), so called from its corresponding
in a general way with the situation of the stomach within the
carapace ; the gastric region is sub-divided frequently into
certain subregions ; these are usually a small anterior epigastric
region (a), followed by two larger protogastric regions (g1),
behind and between which is a single mesogastric region (g") ;
external to the mesogastric region on each side is a hypogastric
sub-division (g'") ; and behind these a mesial urogastric (g"").
Behind the gastric region is the cardiac (c). Between the gastric
region and the anterior portion of the antero-latcral borders of
the carapace is the hepatic region (h) . Behind the hepatic region

XIV

INTBODTTCTION.

is the large branchial region, which may be divided into anterior,
epibranchial (br1) ; middle, mesobranchial (br1) ; and posterior,
metabranchial (brn) lobes.

On the under surface of the carapace on either side of the
mouth a curved line divides off an anterior, subhepatic (Fig. iii., sh)
from a posterior and internal pterygostomial or anterior pleural
region (pt).

The appendages of the thoracic region in the Crab correspond
closely to those of the Prawn. The posterior five are the
ambulatory legs, the first of which is developed into the great
pincer-claws or chelce, while the rest are simple. The third pair of
maxillipedes (Fig. iii., e) differ very much in shape from those of the
Prawn, their ischiopodite and meropodite being greatly expanded,
and the two appendages being applied closely to one another by

.r";

Fig. III. — Oral region of a Crab.

a,Eyes; b, antennules ; c, third joint of antennas ; c', first joint of an tenure;
c", second joint; d, epistome ; e, external maxillipedes; sh, subhepatic
region ; pt, pterygostomial region.

their inner edges, so as to form a sort of pair of folding-doors
closing up the orifice of the mouth. The remainder of the oral
appendages (Fig. iv.) with differences in detail, resemble the
corresponding structures in the Prawn in their general arrange-
ment. The external antennae (Fig. iii., a) are very small, and their
basal joint or coxicerite is fused with the antennary sternum or
epistome, so that what is frequently called the basal joint in
descriptive carcinology is really the basicerite ,• the lateral squame

INTEODTTCTION.

XV

is entirely wanting, and the flagellum is very small. The anten-
nules (Fig. iii., b) are also small, and are lodged, when retracted,

rax. i.

mx . 2.

TXlCCp 2

in n.

mxpi

Fig. IV. — Oral appendages of a Crab (Leptodius).
mn, Mandible ; mx 1, first maxilla; mx 2, second maxilla; mxp 1, first
pair of maxillipedes ; mxp 2 second pair of maxillipedes.

in distinct fossae excavated under the front, and separated from
one another by a vertical partition. The eyes are situated in
distinct orbits external to the antennae, but the base of the
peduncle is inserted, as in the Prawn, anterior and superior to
the insertion of the antennules.

The gills of the Crab are fewer than those of the Prawn, —
being at the most but nine in number on each side. They are
of the class of branchiae called by Huxley phyllobmnchice, i.e.,
they consist of a central stem on which are set at right angles
two rows of thin plates or lamellae superimposed upon one
another like the leaves of a book.

The circulatory, digestive, and reproductive organs of the
Crab are similar to those of the Prawn.* The nervous system
is much more concentrated — the thoracic ganglia having coalesced
into a single mass. Unlike the Prawn, the Crab does not go

* For an account of the various forms of the gastric apparatus in the
different families and genera of Brachyura, vide Ernot Nauck, " Das
Kaugerust der Brachyuren," Leitschrift f. Wiss. Zool., xxxiv., pp. 1-69.

xvi

INTKODTTCTION.

through a distinct Nauplius stage, hut when it leaves the egg has
the form of a Zocea, with a short carapace, often armed with
spines, with three eyes — a median simple eye, and two lateral
compound — with antennules, antennae, mandibles, two pairs of
maxillae, with the first two thoracic appendages well developed
and ending in endopodites and exopodites, but with the remainder
of the thoracic appendages rudimentary, and with no abdominal
appendages.

Intermediate in many respects between the Crabs or Brachyura
and the Macroura, are a series of forms constituting the group
Anomoura, a heterogeneous order comprising the hermit crabs —
in which the abdomen is in a soft and imperfect condition, being
habitually sheltered in a univalve shell, and the abdominal
appendages are rudimentary — and other families in which the
abdomen may be better developed than in the Crab, and may
not be permanently tucked in beneath the carapace as in the
latter.

Another extensive Order of the Crustacea (the Edriophthal-
mata) is represented by such forms as the Sand-hoppers of the
sea-shore, and the Wood-lice so common about decaying wood.
The body of the Sand-hopper (Orchestia quadrimana) is laterally

fer

19 ' —

FlG. V. — Sand-hopper (TalorcTiestia quadrimana) magnified.
ceph, cephalon ; per, pereion ; pi, pleon ; i.-vii., segments of the pereion
and of the pleon ; 1-19, appendages ; x, telson.

compressed, and consists of a small head or cephalon (ceph), of a
thorax or pereion (per J, consisting of seven distinct segments and
not covered by a carapace, and au abdomen or pleon (pi), of six

INTRODUCTION.

XV11

segments with a terminal telson. The head bears a pair of eyes,
internal and external (or rather superior and inferior) antennae,
(1, 2) a pair of mandibles (Fig. vi., 3), two pairs of maxilla?
(4 and 5), and one pair of maxillipedes (6). The eyes are sessile
or unstalked, and consist of an aggregation of simple ocelli.
The internal or superior antenna? are very small in the Sand-
hopper, but maybe largely developed in its allies, and are formed
of a peduncle or stalk consisting of three joints and a short
flagellum. The external or inferior antenna? are much longer
than the superior pair ; their peduncle consists in the Sand-
hopper of three segments, but in the majority of its allies there
are five ; there is a long many-jointed flagellum. In front of

Fig. vi. — Appendages of the Sand-hopper (Talorchestia quadrimanaj

magnified.
3, Mandibles; 4, first maxilla; 5, second maxilla; 6, maxillipedes;
7, first pair of gnathopoda ; 15, second pair of pleopoda.

the mouth is a large movable labrum. The mandibles (Fig. vi., 3)
are strong triangular organs, with a toothed cutting apex and
internal grinding tubercle, and have no appendage in the Sand-
hopper. The maxilla? are delicate and foliaceous ; the first pair
(Fig vi., 4) consist of three plates armed with ciliated spines ;

XVIH INTRODUCTION.

the second pair (Fig. vi., 5) of two plates with numerous hairs at
their extremities. The maxillipedes (Fig. vi., 6) are broad and
foliaceous — the basos and ischium being produced internally into
lamellar expansions. Behind the mouth is a lower lip, labium or
metastoma. The following two pairs of appendages belonging
to the two first distinct thoracic appendages are formed on the
same plan, and are called the gnathopoda (Fig. v., and Fig. vi.,
7 and 8) ; like the legs of the Prawn and the Crab, each of these
consists of seventeen joints ; the first or coxa is expanded and
plate-like ; the basos is long and narrow ; the ischium, meros
and carpus short ; the pi*opodos much larger in the posterior
than in the anterior pair, and with the dactylos forming a
subchelate hand, the dactylos shutting backwards against a lower
or distal palmar border of the propodos so as to constitute an
organ of prehension. The two following pairs of appendages
(pereiopoda) (Fig. v., 9 and 10) resemble the gnathopoda, except
that the propodos and dactylos do not form a subchelate hand,
and like them are turned forwards. The remaining three pairs
of thoracic appendages (posterior pereiopoda) (11, 12, 13)
resemble in general form the anterior pereiopoda, but are turned
backwards.

The appendages of the abdomen fpleopodaj consist of six
pairs. The first three (Fig. v., 11, Fig. vi., 15) pairs consist of a
basal protopodite with a pair of equal, foliaceous, many-jointed
rami., much like the abdominal swimmerets in the Prawn. The
fourth and fifth pairs (Fig. v., 17 and 18) have the rami styliform
and one-jointed ; the last pair (19) are very small in the Sand-
hopper. Finally, the telson of the Sand-hopper is small, being
represented only by a blunt conical elevation. The branchioa of
the allies of the Sand-hopper consist of delicate sacs, one
attached to the coxa of each of the second pair of gnathopoda,
and of each of the pereiopoda. In the female delicate
membranous plates (oosi elites ), serving as a protective covering
to the eggs, are attached above and internal to the first four
pairs of branchiae.

The alimentary canal presents, as in the Prawn, a gastric
dilation situated in the head, and possessing an armature of
calcareous pieces and of teeth. A small coecal diverticulum —
the cervical gland — is given off from the intestine immediately
behind the stomach. The liver is in the form of tubes lined

INTRODUCTION. XIX

internally by a single layer of hepatic cells. Most of the
muscular fibi'es of the intestine are longitudinal, but near the
anus there are two distinct layers — the external layer circular,
and the internal longitudinal. The epithelium of the anterior
portion of tbe intestine consists of short, thick, densely granular
cells ; in the posterior portion the cells are longer and their
contents less coarsely granular. A pair of tubular glands — the
rectal glands — open into the rectum or hinder portion of the
intestine ; and a single gland — the anal gland— situated in the
telson, opens immediately in front of the anus. The whole of
the alimentary canal is surrounded by a complete investment of
what is called the "fatty body," — which consists entirely of
rounded or polygonal nucleated cells.

The heart of the Sand-hopper and its allies is elongated and
tubulai-, extending from the head to near the hinder extremity of
the pereion. At each end and usually from the sides arteries
are given off, and there are several pairs of apertures (venous
ostia) by means of which the blood enters the heart from the
surrounding blood-containing space — the pericardial sinus.

The nervous system consists of a cephalic ganglion situated in
the head, of a chain of seven ganglia in the thorax, the most
anterior of them being connected with the cerebral ganglion by
commissures which embrace the gullet or stomach, and of three
abdominal ganglia.

The organs of sense consist (1) of auditory hairs situated on
the basal joint of the upper antenna?, (2) of sensory (tactile ?)
setae on the last and penultimate joints of the lower antenna?,
(3) of the calceoli or "slipper-shaped organs," (olfactory organs)
situated on the flagella of one or both pairs of antenna?, (4)
certain sensory seta? occurring on the anterior margin of the
second pair of maxillae, and (5) of the eyes.

The ovaries are two cylindrical sacs, situated one on each side
of the alimentary canal, and the oviducts open on the under
surface of the fifth thoracic segment. The testes are narrow
tubes opening externally on the under surface of the seventh
thoracic segment.

The young of the Sand-hopper go through no metamorphosis
in the course of their development, but when they emerge from
the egg differ little save in size from the full-grown animal.

XI

INTRODUCTION.

Nearly connected with the Sand-hopper and its allies (consti-
tuting the group Amphipoda) is the group Isopoda, represented
by the Wood-lice and the related marine forms. These have
the segments of the body and their appendages constructed
on the same general plan as the Amphipoda ; but the body is
usually compressed from above downwards instead of from side
to side, the first three pairs of thoracic appendages are usually
turned forwards and the last four backwards, the pleopoda are
delicate lamellas which serve as gills, and more or fewer of the
segments of the abdomen are usually coalescent.

Another group of the Malacostracous Crustacea, differing
considerably from the preceding, is that formed by the Squillce
and their allies the Gonodactyli. The body of Gonodactylus
chiragra (Pig. vii.) — the commonest Australian representative of
this group — is elongated like that of the Prawn, but, instead of
the carapace covering all the thorax but one segment, as in the
latter, it is very small, and covers only the segments of the head.
Moreover, in Gonodactylus the first two segments, the ophthalmic
and antennulary somites, are movable on one another, and lie
on the same line with the rest of the body, whereas we have seen

that in the Prawn the anterior segments have their sterna bent

th.

J6.

FlG. VII. — Gonodactylus chiragra, natural size.
th, Thorax; aid, abdomen ; i.-viii., segments of the ihorax ; i.-vi., segments
of the abdomen ; o, eye ; d, upper antennae ; d', lower antenna? ; 1-8, thoracic
appendages ; a, b, c, d,f, appendages of the abdomen ; x, telson.

upwards, and amalgamated with those of the rest of thecephalo-
thorax. The eyes in Gonodactylus (Pig. vii., o) are stalked. The
antennules (Fig. viii., a 1) have a three-jointed peduncle support-
ing three short, multi-articulate flagella ; the antennas (Pig. viii.,
d 2) have a single, short, stout flagellum, and bear at the base a
large scaphocerite or squamous appendage. The mandibles (MnJ
are divided at the extremity into two obscurely toothed rami. The

INTKODUCTION.

XXI

maxilla? (\ mx and 2 mx) are small and delicate. Closely approxi-
mated to the sides of the mouth are a series of five pairs of leg-like

Fig. VIII. — Appendages of Gonodactylas chiragra, magnified.
>«», Mandible, 1 mx, first pair of maxillse ; 2 mx, second pair of maxilla? ;
a 1, antennules ; d 2, antennae ; 1 t, first pair of thoracic appendages ; 3 t,
third pair ; 6 t, sixth pair ; 1 pi, first pair of abdominal appendages ; en,
cndopodite ; ex, exopodite ; br, branchial filament.

appendages ; the first of these (Fig. vii., 1, Fig. viii., 1 1) is elongated
but thin and feeble, the second pair (Fig. vii., 2) constitute the

XX11 INTRODUCTION.

large prehensile limbs, which have the penultimate joint extremely
thick and powerful, and the terminal joint swollen at the base,
slender and pointed at its extremity, and capable of beiug
folded against the preceding joint in the same way as the blade
of a pocket-knife shuts up in its handle. Succeeding the large
pair of prehensile appendages are three smaller pairs (Fig. vii.,
3, 4, 5, Fig. viii., 3 t), also prehensile and very similar to one
another in appearance, having the proximal joints rather slender
and laterally compressed, the propodos ovate and flattened, and
the dactylus shutting down on its anterior or lower border.
Behind there are three pairs of non-prehensile legs (Fig. vii.,
6, 7, 8, Fig. viii., 6 t) divided into endopoditic and exopoditic rami.
The following six segments may be regarded as corresponding to
the abdomen of the Prawn ; the first five are each provided with
a pair of swimmerets (Fig. vii., a, b, c, d, and Fig. viii., lpl) consist-
ing of a basal portion or protopodite, and two broad hair-fringed
rami, representing respectively the endopodite and exopodite.
The last segment bears a large pair of appendages (Fig. vii.,/')
placed at the side like the corresponding appendages in the
Prawn, and consisting of a basal protopodite and two hair-fringed
rami, the outer of which is spinose, and is provided at its
extremity with a separate ovate terminal portion. Following
the last segment of the abdomen is the large sculptured telson
(Fig. vii., so).

The organs of respiration of Gonodactylus consist of bunches
of short filaments attached to the abdominal appendages. (Fig.
viii., lpl, br) The heart, unlike that of the Prawn or the Crab, is
an elongated tube extending through the thorax and -abdomen,
and provided with five pairs of slits — the venous ostia. The
stomach is less complex than in the Prawn or the Crab, and the
intestine is a straight tube into which ten pairs of hepatic coeca
open. The nervous system consists of a head-ganglion or brain,
of a large hypopharyngeal ganglion composed of the amalgamated
anterior thoracic ganglia, of three smaller ganglia, one in each
of the last three segments of the thorax, and of six large
abdominal ganglia.

During its development the GTonodactylns passes through
curious larval (Zocea) stages, in which it is provided with a large
carapace armed with spines.

COITTElsTTS.

mffi

Podophthalmata
Order Decapoda
Tribe Brachyura
Sub-Tribe Oxyrhyncha
Family Inachidse
Sub-Family Leptopodiinas

„ Inachinre

„ Acanthonych:

Family Maiidae
Sub-Family Maiinse ..

„ Micippinse

Family Periceridae
Sub -Family Pericerinse

„ Mithracinae

Family Parthenopidae
Sub-Family Parthenopinae

„ Eumedoninae

Sub-Tribe Cyclometopa
Family Caneridae
Sub-Family Xanthinae

„ Chlorodinae

Family Eripbiidae
Sub- Family Oziinae . .

,, Eripbiinae

Family Portunidae
„ Platyonychidae
„ Telphusidae . .
Sub-Tribo Catametopa
Family Macrophthalmidae
Sub-Family Macrophthalminae

„ Ocypodinae . .

Family Grapsidae
Sub-Family Orapsinoe

,, Sesarminae . .

„ Plagusiinae . .

Family Pinnotheridae
Sub- Family Pinnotherin?e

„ Hymenicinse . .

Family Mycteridae
Sub-Tribe Oxystomata . .
Family Leucosiidae . .
„ Matutidae
„ Calappidae
,, Dorippidae

Tribe Anomoura

Section Anomoura Suptnura
Sub-Tribe Dromidea
Family Paratymolidae

Page
]
1
1
1
2
2
4
7

11

11

23

27

27

29

30

30

38

40

40

40

53

62

62

73

76

84

85

87

87

87

91

96

96

103

109

112

112

114

116

117

117

133

135

136

138

138

138

142

ftKfl

Sub-Tribe Raninidea .. . . K3
Section Anomoura Media . . .. 145"
Sub-Tribe Porcelianidea .. .. 145

Sub-Tribe Hippidea 151

Section Anomoura Submedia .. 151

Sub-Tribe Lithodea 152

Section Anomoura Inferiora .. 152

Sub-Tribe Paguridea 152

Family Cenobitidae 1 59

Sub-Tribe (-ialatheidea .. .. 161

Tribe Macroura 163

Sub-Tribe Thalassiuidea . . .. 164

Family Gebiidae 164

„ Thalassinidae .. .. 166
„ Callianassidae .. .. 167

Sub-Tribe Astacidea 168

Family Scyllaridae 168

,, Palinuridae 171

„ Astacidae 173

Sub- Family Parastacidse .. .. 174

Sub-Tribe Caridea 179

Family Crangonidae 179

Sub-Family (Jrangoninae .. .. 179
„ Gnathophyllinae .. 181

Family A tyidae 182

„ Alpheidae 184

„ Falasmonidse 193

,, Pandalidae 197

Sub-Tribe Penseidea 198

Family Penasidas 198

Order Stomatopoda 205

Edriopbthalmata 212

Tribe Amphipoda 212

Group Nornialia 212

Division Oammarina 213

iSub-Division Vagantia . . . . 213

Legion Saltatoria 213

Family Orchestida? 213

Family Gammaridae 225

Sub-Family Stegocephalides .. 225
„ Cypioidides .. .. 229

„ Lysianassides . . 231

„ Ampeliscades .. 234

„ Phoxides .. ..236

„ Gammarides .. .. 242

Sub-Division Domicola .. .. 266

Family Corophiidae 266

Section Nidifica 266

XXIV

CONTENTS.

Sub-Family Podocerides
„ Corophiides

Tribe Isopoda
Sub-Tribe Idoteidea . .
Family Idoteid33
Sub-Tribe Oniseoidea
Family Armadillidse . .

„ Oniscidse
Sub-Family Oniscinse

Ligiinae

Sub-Tribe Cymothoidea
Family Cymothoidse . .
Sub-Family Cymothoinse

„ Ourozeuktinse
Family CEgidse ,

Page
266
271
275
276
276
278
278
279
279
281
281
281
282

283
284

Sub-Family CEgiose . .

„ (Jirolaninae

Family Sphseromidse . .
Sub-Family Sphserominse
Tribe Anisopoda
Sub-Tribe Arcturidea
Family Arcturidae
Sub-Family Arcturinse
Sub- Family Anthuriuse
Sub-Tribe Tanaidea . .
Family Tanaidse
Sub- Family Tanainse

,, Stenetrinse

Tribe Lremodipoda . .
Family Caprellidoe . .

Page
284
286
286
2S6
303
3 3
303
303
304
306
306
306
308
310
310

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA.

I. PODOPHTHALMATA.

Malacostracous Crustacea with stalked eyes, mandibles and
maxilla1 adapted for mastication, and a dorsal shield or carapace
covering the whole or the greater part of the dorsal and lateral
regions of the thorax.

bJ

Order DECAPODA (EUBRANCHIATA).
Branchiae enclosed in a branchial chamber formed by the
lateral portions of the carapace.

Tribe BEACHTUEA.

Abdomen short, mflexed beneath the thorax, without swim-
merets, and with no appendages on the penultimate segment.
Carapace greatly developed, forming wide branchial chambers
above the bases of the legs. Sternum never linear; vulvae situated
on the sternum. Antennae with the flagella usually very short,
especially those of the inner pair, which are lodged in distinct
cavities. External maxillipedes operculiform. Buccal cavity
distinctly defined in front.

Sub-Tribe Oxyrhyxcha.

Carapace more or less narrowed and rostrate in front ; the
branchial regions greatly developed, the hepatic regions rudimen-
tary. Branchiae nine in number. Internal antenna? longitudinally
plicate. Epistome usually broad. Buccal cavity sub-quadrate ;
efferent canal from the branchiae terminating at the sides of the
palate. Eourth joint of the external maxillipedes inserted at
the summit or at the antero-intcrnal angle of the third joint.
Male genital appendages inserted in the base of the fifth pair
of legs.

2 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Family I. IRACIIIDjE.
Eyes non-retractile or retractile against the sides of the
carapace. No defined orbits, but often a well marked prae-ocular
and post-ocular spiue. Basal joint of antenna? usually slender,
sometimes moderately enlarged. \_Miers.~]

Sub-Family LeptopodUnce.

Eyes slender, non-retractile and laterally projecting. Prre-
ocular and post-ocular spines minute or wanting. Basal antennal
joint very slender throughout its length. [J/.]

Genus Stenorhtnchtjs, Lamarck.

Eostrum more or less elongated, of two slender, contiguous,
spiniform cornua.

1. Stenorhynchus curvirostris.

Stenorhynchus curvirostris, A. Milne-Edwards, Journal des
Museum Grodeffroy, Band i., Heft iv., p. 75.

Carapace narrow in front, dilated behind ; two spines in the
middle line ; one on the gastric region, the other on the cardiac ;
another spine on the branchial region ; lateral borders of the
branchial region dilated into a large tuberosity, in front of which
are a few spines of which the most acute occupy the hepatic
regions. Front broad, flattened and formed of two very short
sharp and triangular teeth, separated on the middle line by a
shallow fissure ; at their base on each side a sub-orbital
tooth. [A. M.-F.]

Bass' Straits.

2. Stenorhynchus fissifrons. A.M.
Stenorhynchus fissifrons, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.AV.,

Vol. iii., p. 409, and Vol. iv., p. 432.

Gastric region of the carapace with a short blunt spine and
two tubercles in the form of a triangle, with the apex directed
backwards and formed by the spine. Eostral spines short,
acute ; frontal furrow extending as far back as the posterior
angles of the orbits.

Port Jackson. Occurs also in New Zealand.

AUSTRAL TAX MALACOSTRACA. 3

3. Stenorhynchus brevirostris. A.M.
Stenorlnjnclnts brevirostris, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,

Yol. iii., p. 408, and Vol. iv., p. 4-32, pi. xxvii., fig. 5.

Gastric region with five tubercles, of which four are situated
anteriorly in a transverse line and very small, while the fifth is
much larger and situated in the middle line close to the posterior
border of the region. Cardiac region with three tubercles, the
two anterior being close together in the same transverse line and
very large ; the third small, situated close behind them. Two
obscure tubercles on the lateral hepatic regions, and three on
the branchial. Lateral margins with two prominent triangular
teeth. Eostrum short, of two bluntish teeth, which do not reach
further forward than the distal extremity of the second joint of
the external antenna1, the furrow between them not extending so
far back as the line joining the posterior borders of the orbit.
]Nro infra-orbital, nor supra-orbital spines. Arm with three or
four teeth on its upper surface ; hand carinated externally in
the female.

Port Jackson ; Port Denison.

G-enus Achjeus, Leach.
Rostrum very short, emarginate.

4. Achaeus lacertosus. A.M.
Acliceus lacertosus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil.,

Vol. ix., p. 218 (1<S57).

AchcBUs breviceps, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. iv.,
p. 133.

Carapace triangular, regions rather prominent, surface smooth,
without spines, slightly pubescent. Hepatic region with a small
obtuse, laminiform tooth, extending horizontally. Rostrum as
long as broad, the extremity bilobed. External antenna? with
the mobile portion filiform, longer than the carapace. Peduncle
of the eyes smooth. Chelipedes large, shape almost as in
Mi/cteris, merus very stout, hand incurved, fingers compressed.
Ambulatory legs very slender, those of the first pair thrice the
length of the carapace, the third and fourth pairs with a
falciform dactylus. [St.]

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

4 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Sub-Family InachvncB.

Eyes slender and retractile. Prae-ocular spine usually wanting,
post-ocular usually distinct. Basal antenna! joint usually very
slender throughout its length, not narrowing distallv. [il£]

Genus Camposcia, Latreille.

Rostrum very short, emarginate. Carapace elongated, sub-
pyriform. Eyes long and slender. Outer maxillipedes with the
merua joint elongated, obovate, and rounded at its distal end.
Ambulatory legs very long.

5. Camposcia retusa. A.M.
Camposcia retusa, Latr., E. An. 2e ed., t. iv., p. GO ; Guerin,

Icon. Crust., pi. ix., fig. 1, Milne-Edwards, Hist. JN"at. Crust,
tome i., p. 283, pi. xv., figs. 15, 16 ; Adams and White, Zool. of
H.M.S. " Samarang," Crust., p. G. A. Milne-Edwards, Xouv.
Arch, du Mus., t. viii., p. 255 (1872).

Body covered with woolly hair, longer and more abundant on
the limbs. Carapace about once and a half as long as broad,
convex, the regions tolerably distinct ; rostrum very broad,
truncate, and terminated by two small tubercles, which scarcely
extend beyond the extremity of the basal joint of the antenna?.
A strongish tooth on the lateral portion of the carapace at some
distance behind the eyes. Eirst pair of legs (chelipedes)
cylindrical and terminated by slender chelae, slightly curved
inwards, denticulated on the borders. Legs of the third pair
about twice as long as the carapace. \_M.-Edw.~\

Cape Grenville ; Port Denison. A tropical species widely
distributed in eastern seas ; rare in Australia.

Genus Eucltstetops, Stimpson.
Carapace sub-oblong. Eostrum short, bifid, slightly deflexed.
Eyes extremely long and mobile. Outer maxillipedes with the
merus joint short, truncated at the distal end. Ambulatory legs
of moderate length.

6. Eucinetops Stimpsoni.

Eucinetops ? Stimpsoni, Miers, Ann. Mag. N. H. (5) Vol. iv.,
p. 3 (1879).

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 5

Carapace sub-pyriform and convex, upper surface without
Bpines or tubercles. Rostrum deflexed ; the spines of which it
is composed small, flattened, acute, and separated by a narrow
fissure. Immediately behind the eyes are two small blunt
prominences ; and a third, at a little distance, represents the
post-ocular spine. There are two very small tubercles at the
distal end of the slender basal antennal joint. The second and
third joints are not, as in J3. lucasii, very broad, but cylindrical.
Anterior legs (in the female) very slender and smooth. Both
the body and legs are pubescent. Length of carapace five-sixths
of an inch. [ilT.]

N.E. Coast of Australia (Cuming).

Grenus Oncinopus, De Haan.

Carapace elongate-triangular. Rostrum very short ; front
emarginate. Basal antennal joint very short, the next longer.
Merus-joint of outer maxillipedes elongated and articulated with
the next at its summit. Ambulatory legs slender, the penulti-
mate joints of the first and second pairs more or less dilated and
compressed, the fifth somewhat raised upon the dorsal surface.

7. Oncinopus subpellucidus. A.M.

Oncinopus subpellucidus, tStimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Philad., Vol. ix., p. 218.

Oncinopus angulatus, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. iv., p. 433.

Carapace much depressed behind. A low angular elevation on
the hepatic region. Rostrum very short ; frontal region with a
well-marked mesial furrow. Eye-peduncles as long as the front.
Arm trigonal, wrist smooth, rounded ; fingers as long as the palm,
slightly incurved, acute, toothed, meeting throughout their entire
length. Second pair of limbs three times as long as the post-
frontal region of the carapace ; dactylus filiform. Following
pairs of limbs decreasing in length backwards, dactyli falciform.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens ; Port Molle ; Cape Grenville.
Common at a depth of four or five fathoms.

Grenus Halimus, Latreille.

Carapace sub-triangular, with lateral marginal spines. Rostrum
long, formed of two diverging cornua. Three spines above the

6 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

eye. Merus joint of the outer maxilliped.es somewhat auriculated
and produced at its antero- external angle. Anterior legs in male
enlarged, palm slightly compressed. Ambulatory legs with the
penultimate joint more or less flattened and dilated towards its
distal end. [J/.]

8. Halimus tumidus. A.M.
Halimus tumidus, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 1G5.

Hess. Archiv fur Nat. 1865, p. 130.

Cornua of rostrum of moderate length, widely divergent.
Carapace tumid ; sides armed with four to six spinules ; gastric
region with three small tubercles triangularly placed and another
faint one behind. Hand slender, broadest at base ; fingers nearly
or quite contiguous. Fifth joint of postci'ior feet twice as long
as wide. Basal joint of antenna? spiniform at distal and external
angle ; its outer border with 2-5 spinules. [_D.]

Port Jackson ; Port Philip.

9. Halimus spinosus. A.M.
Halimus spinosus, Hess, Archiv fur Nat. 1865, p. 129, pi. vi.,

fig. 1.

? H. truncatipes, Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) Vol. iv.,
p. 3.

Carapace with a tooth in the middle of the posterior border,
with six other teeth in a mesial longitudinal row ; on each side
of these a row of five tubercles armed with hooked hairs ; three
large teeth on the branchial region and three on the hepatic
region ; three teeth on the upper orbital border. Arm with a
spine on its upper surface. [Hess.']

Sydney.

10. Halimus laevis.

Halimus Icevis, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. iv.,
p. 435.

Carapace neairly smooth above ; five tubercles on the gastric
region ; no spine on the posterior margin. Basal joint of the
antenna? with a sharp tooth at its antero-internal angle and a
spine at its antero- external angle. Anterior limbs very large in
the male ; arm with a conical tooth at the distal end of its upper

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 7

surface, and three or four smaller ones further back ; wrist very
strongly carinated ; hand very large, swollen, smooth, with two
or three very small fasciculi of hairs ; fingers meeting only at
their tips when closed. Posterior limbs with the penultimate
joint compressed, but not truncate.

Tasmania ; King George's Sound (Macleay Museum).

Sub- Genus Microhalimm, Haswell.

Nearly allied to Halimus, but distinguished by its small size,
by having the rostrum strongly deflexed, and by having no
prominent spines on the carapace.

11. Microhalimus deflexifrons. A.M.

Microhalimm deflexifrons, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. iv., p. 435, pi. xxv., fig 2.

Carapace nearly smooth ; lateral margins with three very
minute spines on the hepatic regions, three others on the
branchials, a minute point towards the middle of the latter
region, and another in the middle of the posterior border.
Gastric region very prominent, with two small tubercles in front
opposite the eyes. Rostrum obliquely deflexed, cornua slender,
acute. Basal joint of external antenna? with an acute spine at
its antero-external angle. Anterior limbs small in the female,
larger in the male, the wrist in the latter sex with a denticulated
carina, the immobile finger with a stout tooth. Penultimate
joint of ambulatory limbs very slightly dilated and compressed.
Carapace and limbs covered with hooked hairs.

Port Jackson.

Sub-Family Acanthonych ince.
Eyes small and immobile or partially retractile, and concealed
beneath the prominent prse-ocular spine. Basal antennal joint
usually enlarged at base and narrowing distally. Post-ocular
spine small or absent. \_M.~]

Genus Xenocarctnus, "White.
Carapace ovate-cylindrical. Rostrum elongated, emarginate.
Pra?-ocular spine wanting. Eyes immobile. Antennae concealed
beneath the rostrum. Last two pairs of legs very short.

8 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTltACA.

12. Xenocarcinus tuberculatus.

Xenocarcinus tuberculatus, White, Append. Jukes" Yoy. "Fly,"
p. 36 (1847) ; Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 110 (1847) ; List Crust. Brit.
Mus. p. 123 (1847); Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) L, p. 221,
(1848); Miers, Crust. "Erebus" and "Terror," p. 1, pl.ji., fig.l;
A. Milne-Edwards, Nouvelles Archives du Museum, t. viii.,
p. 253.

Carapace with nine tubercles placed in three transverse lines,
the central tubercle of the first line double, one placed before
the other, the central tubercle of the last line also double, both
placed transversly ; the greater part of the bealc covered with
minute, closely placed hairs and scales, two short lines of longer
hairs on the upper side above and before the eyes ; two or three
waved longitudinal lines on the posterior half of the carapace,
the inner line continued before the eyes. First pair of legs
(in female) short, not reaching to the end of the beak, the claws
small, equal and minutely toothed. [White.']

Long Island, Cumberland Group.

13. Xenocarcinus depressus.

Xenocarcinus depressus, Miers, Crust. "Erebus" and "Terror,"
p. 1.

Carapace regularly oval in outline ; upper surface flattened.
Several small granules behind and between the eyes at the base
of the rostrum, and irregular indistinct granulated elevations in
the middle line and on either side of the carapace, liostrum
sub-cylindrical, densely pubescent, terminating in two spines
and deeply excavated between them.

Cape Howe. (Brit. Mus.)

(anus Huenia, He Haan.
Carapace in the male sub-triangular, ilat ; in the female with
lateral lobes. liostrum slender, deep, laterally compressed,
acute. Prae-ocular spine small. Hands compressed, cristate
above. Ambulatory legs more or less dilated and compressed.

11. Huenia bifurcata. A.M.

ILacnia bif areata, Streets, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1S70,
p. 107 ; Miers, Catal. Crust. N. Z., p. 3.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 9

Carapace smooth ; antero-lateral margins acute ; gastric region
with three low tubercles arranged in a triangle with the base
forwards ; cardiac region with a low tubercle. Antero-lateral
borders with a sharp process on either side of the base of the
rostrum, and in the female two broad processes behind, the
anterior bilobed at the extremity, the posterior and larger trilobed ;
in the male one bilobed lateral process at the postero-lateral
angle. Rostrum obliquely deflexed, bifurcate at the tip.
Anterior limbs with a small tooth at the distal extremity of the
third joint. Three posterior pairs of limbs, each with a small
spine in the middle of the under surface of the fifth joint.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens ; Port Philip. Also occurs in
New Zealand.

15. Huenia proteus. A.M.
Huenia protens, De Haan, Faun. Japou., Crust., p. 95, pi. xxiii.,

tigs. 4-6 ; Adams and White, Zoology of the "Samarang," Crust.,
p. 31, pi. iv., figs. 4-7 ; Haswell, 1. c, p. 437.

Lower border of the front acute. Carapace in the male
elongate, with one or two lamellar lobes ; front much produced,
longer than the carapace. Carapace in the female expanded;
sides with two lamellar projections ; front scarcely exceeding in
length half the rest of the carapace. Ambulatory legs with the
anterior margin strongly carinate.

Torres Straits. Occurs also on the coasts of Japan and China.

Genus Mex/etiius, Milne-Edwards.

Carapace subtriangular. Rostrum slender, acute. Pra>ocular
spine well developed. Anterior legs with the palm slightly
compressed, fingers arcuate. Ambulatory legs not compressed.

16. Mensethius monoceros. A.M.
Pisa monoceros, Latr., Eneycl., t x., p. 139.

JMencetltius snb-serratns, Adams and White, Yoy of H.M.S.
" Samarang," Crust., p. 18, pi. iv., figs. 1 and 2.

Mencethius monoceros, Milne- Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i.,
p. 339 ; Heller, Verhandl. der K. K. Zoologish-botan. Gresellsch.
in Wien, 1801, p. 4 ; A. Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du Mus.
t. vii., p. 252.

10 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

Upper surface of the carapace tuberculated, nearly horizontal ;
three tubercles on the gastric region arranged in the form of a
triangle, one on each branchial region ; antero-lateral borders
with three irregular triangular teeth. Third joint of all the
limbs armed with a few spines, those of the second pair much
longer than the following.

A widely distributed tropical species, found in Australia on
the coral reefs among sea-weeds.

G-enus GrONATORiiYNcnus, Haswell.

Carapace sub-triangular, rounded behind. Eostrum formed of
1 wo triangular, pointed, slightly divergent cornua. Third joint
of external maxillipedes produced and rounded at its antero-
external angle. Carpus of anterior limbs carinate in the male.

17. Gonatorhynchus tumidus. A.M.

Gonatorlu/nclius tumidus, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. iv., p. 439, pi. xxv., fig. 4.

Surface finely granulated, covered with hooked hairs which are
much closer on the rostrum and over the orbit ; gastric region
with a few irregular smooth tubercles ; hepatic regions prominent,
with a few small pointed tubercles ; anterior portion of the
cardiac region rounded, separated, together with the urogastric
region from the branchial by a broad, low, sinuous ridge, which
broadens out anteriorly to form a smooth pear-shaped elevation
on the inner part of the branchial region, and breaks up behind
into a number of small ruga? ; branchial regions dilated, each
with two ovate, flattened tubercles situated close together towards
the centre, and three spinous tubercles towards the lateral margin.
Rostrum slightly defiexed. Upper orbital border ending behind
in a minute tooth, followed by two convergent spines separated
by open fissures. Basal joint of the external antenna? about
twice as long as broad, concave from side to side, Avith a thin
oilier lip, slightly notched in front, more prominent behind,
Eonning the lower rim of the orbit ; a small tooth at the antero-
inlernal angle. Arm (in the male) with a dorsal ridge ; propodos
slightly dilated, smooth ; fingers slender, pointed, mobile finger
with a Large rounded tooth near its base, and a row of denticles
in its distal half ; immobile finger with the inner border concave
proximally, with a single small tooth near the base, straight

AUSTRALIAN" MALACOSTRACA. 11

distally and armed with a row of small denticles. First pair of
ambulatory limbs longer than the body — the following pairs
decreasing in length successively.

Port Jackson ; Port Philip.

Family II. MAIIDjE.

Eyes retractile within the orbits, which are distinctly defined,
but often more or less incomplete below, or marked with open
fissures in their upper and lower margins. Basal antennal joint
always more or less enlarged.

Sub-Family Matinee.
Carapace usually sub-triangular. Rostrum well developed.
Anterior legs in male enlarged ; fingers not excavate at tips.

Genus Egeria, Latreille.

Carapace broadly triangular, spinose. Rostrum prominent,
notched. Orbits with two wide fissures below. Eyes short and
thick, visible from above when retracted. Basal antennal joint
rather narrow. Anterior legs of male rather small.

-■&'-

18. Egeria arachnoides.

Cancer arachnoides, Humph.

Inachus longipes, Eabr., Supp., p. 358.

JSIacropus lotujipes, Latr., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. vi., p. 111.

Egeria arachnoides, Latr., Encycl., pi. eclxxxi., fig. 1 ; Milne-
Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust, t. i., p. 291.

Leptopus longipes, Lamarck, Hist, des An. s. vert., t. v., p. 235 ;
Latr. Regne Anim., 2e. ed., t. iv., p. 62.

Rostrum extremely short, broader than long. Carapace armed
above with long spines, of which six are situated on the gastric
region, one on the cardiac, one on the intestinal, and two or
three on the branchial. Rostrum terminating in two small
cornua. Lateral borders of the carapace armed with two or
three spines. Orbits with three fissures above and one below.
Anterior limbs filiform in both sexes, and armed with a small
spine at the extremity of the third joint. Body covered with a
brownish pubescence. [M.-F.]

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum). A tropical
species.

12 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

19. Egeria Herbstii. ? A-M-
('/nicer lonr/ipcs, Ilerbst, pi. xvi., fig. 93.

Leptopus lonr/ipcs, Gruerm, Icon. Cr., pi. x., fig. 3.

Egeria Herbstii, Milne-Edwards, Crust., t. i., p. 202.

Egeria longipes,A<L&m.$ and White, Zoology of the "Samarang,"
Crust., p. 7.

Eostrum well developed (about thrice as long as broad).
Otherwise like the preceding.

Torres Straits ; Port Denison (Mr. Alex. Morton) ; Port
Molle, fourteen fathoms (W.A.H., H.M.S. "Alert"). A widely
distributed tropical species.

Genus Herbstia, Milne-Edwards.
Carapace spinose, broadly triangular, with the regions well
defined. Second and third joints of antennae slender. Ambu-
latory legs of moderate length, slender, cylindrical.

20. Herbstia crassipes.

Micropisa crassipes, A. M.-Edw., Journ. des Mus. Grod., Band, i.,
Heft iv., p. 76.

Nearly allied to M. violacea, but much less spinose. Carapace
much dilated behind, smooth, with the exception of a few tuber-
ciiliform eminences which exist on the gastric region, on the
branchial region, and along the posterior border. Lateral borders
unarmed. Orbits limited externally by a strong spine. Internal
orbital angle rounded. Eront formed of two rather long pointed
scarcely divergent cornua. Anterior legs of the male short and
smooth. Ambulatory legs short and stout. [M.-JS.]

Bass' Straits.

Genus Paramitiirax, Milne-Edwards.

Carapace sub-triangular, rather convex, and more or less
tubercular and spinose. Rostral spines rather long, and
divergent from their base. Orbits large, with the upper margin
projecting, with two deep fissures; lower margin usually
incomplete or widely emarginate. Basal joint of the external
antennae large and broad, with two spines at its distal extremity,
flagellum excluded from the orbit by the enlargement of the
basal joint. Anterior legs in the male large ; wrist with a ridge
crossing obliquely its outer surface, or simply tubcrculated ;
hands rather compressed, fingers acute.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 13

Sub-Genus Paramithrax.
Anterior legs in the male enlarged, hand compressed, fingers
with a vacant space at base between them when closed, wrist
with two longitudinal ridges, one on the upper and one obliquely
crossing the inner surface. [J£]

21. Paramithrax peronii.

Paramithrax peronii, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 324;
Jacquinot et Lucas, Yoy. au Pole Sud, Zoology, iii., Crust., p. 10,
pi. i., fig. 3 (1853) ; Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 5 (1876).

Carapace hairy, covered with large smooth tubercles and with
spinous tubercles forming a longitudinal median series, upon the
gastric, cardiac, and intestinal regions. Rostrum formed of two
long spines. Four spines on the sides of the hepatic, and five
on the sides of the branchial regions. Basal joint of the
external antenna? terminating anteriorly in two spines, flagellum
not concealed beneath the rostrum. Anterior legs very large ;
wrist with a strong even ridge on its external surface ; hands
very large, smooth ; fingers acute at the extremities. Ambulatory
legs hairy. Length, 1\ in. ; breadth, If in. [J. $' L.~\

Australia (Brit. Mus). Also found in New Zealand.

22. Paramithrax sternocostulatus. A.M.
Paramithrax sternocostulatits, A. Milne-Edwards.
Paramithrax fjaimardii, Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 6 (1876).
Carapace covered with granules and tubercles beset with

hooked hairs. Two longish spines one behind the other on the
gastric region, two shorter placed transversely on the cardiac
region ; two acute spines close together in the middle of the
posterior border ; a long spine directed upwards, backwards, and
outwards on the posterior branchial region ; two spines in front
on the lateral border of the branchial region ; two short teeth
on the hepatic region. Post-ocular spine truncate.

Port Jackson (common). Found also in New Zealand.

23. Paramithrax barbicornis.

Pisa barbicornis, Latr., Encycl., x., p. Ill (1825).

Paramithrax barbicornis, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust.,
t, i., p. 324 (1831) ; Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (1) xvii., p. 219
(1876), Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 6, pi. L, fig. 2 (1876).

11, AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

Carapace nearly ovoid, convex, covered with long hairs set in
wart-like flattened tubercles. Rostral spines strong, triangular,
acute. Orbits deeply notched above, terminated posteriorly by
a small spine ; two other stronger spines after the notch, the
anterior the larger. Four small spines on the sides, of which
the two first are obtuse, placed near to one another, the two last
acute, separated. Anterior legs in the male very large ; arm
with a series of strong spines above ; wrist with two ridges, the
inner divided into several lamellate or tuberculiform lobes, the
outer uninterrupted except at the base.

Australia (Paris Museum) ; New Zealand (Brit. Mus.).

It is possible that the specimens referred to this species by
Miers and described above may, as the latter remarks, be distinct
from the P. barhicornis of Latr. Xo specimens of the New
Zealand species referred to P. barhicornis by Mr. Miers are
known with certainty to have been found in Australia.

24. Paramithrax spatulifer. A.M.

Paramithrax spatulifer, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. vi.

Carapace armed with a mesial longitudinal row of four spines;
the first two conical, acute, the first longer than the second, both
situated on the posterior portion of the gastric region ; the
third situated on the cardiac region, broad, antero-posteriorly
compressed, and bifid, the last, on the posterior border broad,
spatulate, heart-shaped ; two long sub-acute spines on each
branchial region, the anterior directed outwards, upwards, and
backwards ; a compressed bifid spine on the lateral border of the
branchial region. Rostrum formed of two rather slender widely
divergent cornua, each of which is bifurcate ai the tip — the
inner branch being much the smaller and sometimes bifid — and
has some irregular teeth along each border. Upper orbital
margin produced upwards into a bifurcate process ; three post-
orbital spines — the last the broadest and obliquely truncate.
Basal joint of the antenna) with a tubercle at the proximal end
of the outer border, a spine at its distal end, and another at the
antero-internal angle. External maxillipedes with scattered
granules and with a longitudinal raised granular line on the
ischium. Chelipedes in the male having the merus armed above

ATJSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 15

with four compressed cristiform teeth, of which the last is broader
than the rest and bifid, and four below ; the carpus with two
sinuous or entire crests, separated by a deep groove ; the
propodos smooth, slightly dilated, its digital prolongation and
the mobile dactylos each with a rounded tooth at their base, and
meeting only near their apices, where they are armed with a row
of about half-a-dozen small teeth. Chelipedes of the female
differing from those of the male in having the propodos smaller,
the digits less arched and without a tooth at the base. First
pair of ambulatory legs longer than the rest, as long as the
carapace and rostrum ; all four pairs covered with hooked hairs
and with a spine at the end of the meropodite. Carapace
ornamented with bunches of hooked hairs. Total length
13/10ths of an inch; breadth from tip to tip of anterior
branchial spines nearly an inch.

Port Stephens, dredged in about five fathoms.

25. Paramithrax Coppingeri. A.M.

Paramithrax Coppingeri, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. vi.

Carapace armed in the middle line with four spines, the first
two large and placed near one another on the middle of the
gastric region ; the remaining two small and situated near the
posterior border ; between the two pairs, on the cardiac region
a transversely placed pair of divergent spines, the bases of
which nearly meet in the middle line. Two prominent spines
directed upwards, backwards, and outwards on each branchial
region. Rostral cornua very long, slender and slightly knobbed
and incurved at the extremity. Upper orbital border with three
straight acute spinous teeth, behind which are two post-orbital
spines separated by deep fissures from one another and from the
upper orbital border; the posterior spine the larger, broad,
compressed, and obliquely truncate. A prominent, sometimes
sub-bifid tooth behind this on the border of the hepatic region.
Basal joint of the external antennre with a short tooth at the
proximal end of its outer border, with a very prominent com-
pressed tooth directed outwards at the distal end of the same
border, and a third, somewhat smaller, directed downwards and
forwards at the inner and distal angle ; flagellum longer than
the cornua of the rostrum. Merus of chelipedes armed above

1G atjstbalian malacostbaca.

with fom* compressed teeth of which that situated at the distal
end is very prominent ; carpus with two denticulated crests.
First pair of ambulatory leg's a little longer than the chelipeds ;
all the ambulatory legs armed at the extremity of the merus
with a long, slender, cylindrical spine which (like the spines of
the carapace) is slightly knobbed at the apex. Length one inch.
PortMolle, Whitsunday Passage. (W.A.H., H.M.S. "Alert.")
This species belongs to the same section of the genus as P.
aculeatm, P. longispinus, P. spatulifer, P. acanthonotus, P. rerru-
cosipes, and P. halimoides ; its nearest ally being P. longispinus,
De Haan, from which it is distinguished by having none of the
supra-orbital spines recurved. In the structure of the antennary
region it approaches Chlorinoides, mihi, but like the rest of the
species mentioned has the ambulatory legs much shorter than in
that genus.

Sub-GTenus Leptomitlirax, Miers.

Anteiaor legs in the male elongated, slender, hand and wrist
sub-cylindrical, fingers meeting along their inner edges when
closed ; wrist simply granulated, without longitudinal ridges.

2f>. Leptomithrax australiensis.

Leptomitlirax australiensis, Miers, Ann. and Mag. X. II. (4)
xvii., p. 220.

Resembling generally L. longimanus, but with the carapace
covered with small spinules, and with three or four larger spines
upon the branchial regions. Anterior legs shorter ; hand slightly
compressed and granulous at the base ; palm about as long as
1 he wrist. "Whole animal covered with short stiff hairs, curled
at 1 he tips. [Jf.]

Tasmania (Brit. Mas.).

27. Leptomitlirax spinulosus. A. At.

Leptomitlirax spinulosus, Ilaswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. iv., p. 141, pi. xxv., fig. 3.

Carapace much longer than broad, covered with short spinules
and hooked hairs. Lateral margins with eight pointed spines,
the iirst two close together, separated by a wide interval from
the third. Posterior border with two short spines. Rostrum of

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 17

two acute, divergent spines, the points slightly bent outwards.
Postocular spine acute, with two accessory spinules on its
posterior margin. Basal joint of the antenna) ending in two
very long pointed spines ; a row of tubercles on its outer border.
Ann covered with short spinules above, with two rather longer
spines, one on the distal end, the other towards the middle;
wrist covered with small tubercles, hand compressed, smooth ;
much dilated in old individuals.

Tasmania (Australian Museum) ; King George's Sound
(Macleay Museum).

Genus Chlorolibinia, Loekington.
Carapace triangular, the spines coalescent at base and divergent
at tip. Orbits shallow and open, upper orbital margin prominent ;
eyes short and thick. Basal antennal joint moderately enlarged.
Ambulatory legs very long and slender.

28. Chlorolibinia gracilipes. A.M.

Chlorolibinia gracilipes, Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5)
xix., p. 7, pi. iv., fig. 4.

Carapace sub-pyriform, smooth and spinose above, the spines
disposed as follows : — four in the middle line, of which two arc
on the gastric, one longer on the cardiac, and one strong curved
spine upon the posterior margin ; two strong spines on the
branchial regions above, and below them four small blunt spines
above the bases of the ambulatory legs. Posterior margin of
the carapace produced, forming a thin edge. A spine on the
pterygostomian region and one at the antero-lateral angles of
the buccal cavity. Eostrum with the spines coalescent at base,
divergent in their distal half. Upper orbital margin prominent,
divided by a narrow fissure. Anterior legs small, slender,
smooth. Ambulatory legs long and slender, with distant tufts
of curled hairs.

New Guinea? (H.M.S. "Herald"); Cape Grenville (Macleay
Museum) ; Port Molle, fourteen fathoms (W.A.H., H.M.S.
"Alert").

Genus CuLORixoinKS, Haswell.
Carapace sub-triangular, armed with long spines. Rostrum
consist ing of two long slender divergent cornua. Eyes retractile ;

13

1$ ATJSTEALIAH MALACOSXltACA.

orbits open below, with two fissures above. A long curved
supraorbital spine. Basal joint of the antennae with a spine at
its antero-external angle. First pair of legs slender, as long as
the carapace; second pair more than twice as long as the first,
following pairs shorter than the second.

29. Chlorinoides tenuirostris.

Chlorinoides tenuirostrls, Kaswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. i\\, p. 443, pi. xxvi., fig. 1.

Carapace armed in the middle line with a row of four long
pointed spines, of which two are on the gastric region and two
on the cardiac ; ten shorter spines or tubercles on the lateral
portions of the gastric region ; live more or less prominent
spines on the hepatic and pterygostomial regions — one close to
the anterior angle of the buccal orifice ; three longer and four
shorter spines on the branchial region, a tubercular eminence
towards its posterior boundary. Rostral cornua slender, acute,
divergent from their base, two-thirds of the length of the
carapace. Spine at the antero-external angle of the base of the
antenna? prominent, sub-acute; a compressed blunt spine
situated below the orbit, arising from the base of the antenna' ;
another much shorter immediately on the outer side of the orifice
of the green gland. Anterior legs as long as the carapace, slender,
sub- cylindrical ; third joint with a small spine at the distal end
of its upper surface ; hand very slightly dilated in the male.
Second pair nearly two and a half times as long as the carapace
and rostrum ; third joint in this and the following pairs with a
prominent acute spine above at the distal extremity. Abdomen
tuberculated.

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

G-enus Micippoides, A.Milne-Edwards.

Carapace sub-triangular. Spines of rostrum rather short,
deflexed, acute. No prae-ocular spine. Basal joint of the
antenna' enlarged, without spine or tubercle at its distal end.
Anterior legs in the male with the palm dilated. Ambulatory
legs of moderate length.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 19

30. Micippoides longimanus. A.M.

Micippoides longimanus, Haswell, Proc. Liim. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. iv., p. -114, pi. xxvi., fig. 5.

Carapace elongate-triangular, gastric region dilated, armed
with eight tubercles, of which two are in the middle line behind,
(the last spiniform) and six (smaller), paired, in front ; cardiac
region prominent, with two or four large tubercles placed close
together ; two prominent flattened tubercles on the posterior
margin, a short spine in the middle line immediately in front of
these, and forming with them an equilateral triangle ; branchial
regions dilated, with a few low tubercles. Rostrum inclined
obliquely downwards, more strongly defiexed in the female than
in the male — consisting of two rather short, triangular, pointed
cornua. Orbits with a single broad fissure above, separating
the upper orbital margin from the post-ocular spine. Basal
joint of the antenna? broad, divided by a nai'row mesial furrow,
bilobed at the extremity. A flattened prominence of irregular
outline on the sub-hepatic region, and two smaller ones behind,
one on the pterygostomial region, and the other on the margin
of the branchial region above the insertion of the first pair of
limbs ; a fourth small circular and flattened projection imme-
diately external to the base of the antennas. Anterior limbs
very large in the male, more than once and a half the length of
the rostrum, smaller in the female ; arm with a few scattered
tubercles ; wrist with two irregular keels above in both sexes ;
hand compressed, longitudinally furrowed ; fingers about half
the length of the hand, meeting only near their tips, leaving a
narrow interspace. Second pair of legs as long as the carapace,
following pairs decreasing in length. Abdomen and ambulatory
limbs covered closely with short hairs.

Port Jackson.

Genus Hyastexus, White.

Carapace triangular, rounded behind. Spines of rostrum
long, divergent. Supra-ocular spine small or obsolete, directed
outward with a fissure above and below. Orbits small. Basal
joint of external antenna^ rather long, without spines at the
distal extremity. Anterior legs in the male unarmed, not nearly

20 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

so long as the first pair of ambulatory legs, which are longer
than any of the succeeding.

This genus ought probably to be united with Xaxia.

31. Hyastenus diacanthus. A.M.
Pisa (Xaxia) diacantlta, De Haan, Crust. Jap., p. 86, pi. xxiv.,

fig. 1 (1839).

Hyastenus diacanthus, A. Milne-Edwards, Xouv. Arch, du
Mus., t. viii., p. 250; Miers, Cat. Crust, N.Z., p. 9 (1876).

Hyastenus verreauxii, A. Milne-Edwards, 1. c., p. 250.

Carapace triangular, rather convex. Rostral spines long and
slightly divergent. Gastric region very convex, in young
specimens almost tuberculated. Antero-lateral margins long,
straight, unarmed, terminating posteriorly in a strong spine,
directed outward and placed on a level with the back of the
branchial regions, Anterior legs in the male strong; hand
rather compressed. "Whole surface covered with stiff, curled
hairs. [il£]

Port Jackson ; Port Denison ; Torres Straits. Pound also in
New Zealand, the Philippines, and Japan.

32. Hyastenus oryx. A.M.

Hyastenus oryx, A. Milne-Edwards, Xouv. Arch, du Mus.,
1. viii., p. 250, pi. xiv., fig. 1.

Carapace little dilated, slightly pyriform and swollen above.
Rostrum formed of two long, slender, pointed, divergent cornua.
Orbit large with a wide fissure above. Gastric region convex,
ornamented with three tubercles in the middle line, and two
pairs behind with four less distinct on each side. Cardiac and
branchial regions with numerous tubercles. Surface yellow,
marked with spots of brighj red, covered with very short,
scattered brownish hairs. [A. M.-E.~\

Torres Straits; Port Denison. Found also in New Caledonia.

Genus Naxia, Milne-Edwards.
Hardly to be regarded as a distinct genus from the preceding.

AUSTRALIAN" MALACOSTBACA. 21

33. Naxia serpulifer. A.M.

Pisa serpulifer, G-uerin, Icon. Crust, p. viii., fig. 2.

Naxia serpulifer, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 313.

Carapace tuberculated above, rounded behind, much contracted
in front. Rostrum large, and formed of two cylindrical cornua,
truncate at the apex and each terminating in two strong spiniforin
teeth. Anterior angle of the superior orbital border occupied
by a thick triangular tooth, a similar tooth on the pterygostomial
and branchial regions. First pair of legs in the male as long
and stouter than the second ; second pair nearly once and a half
the length of the following pairs ; in the female the first pair
much shorter than the second, and the latter scarcely longer than
the following pairs. [M.-E.]

Port Essington (Macleay Museum) ; Thursday Island, Torres
Straits. (AV'.A.H., H.M.S. "Alert"

Sub- Fa m ilj/ Sch izoplt n/since.

Carapace very broadly triangular, or oval, or nearly circular.
Rostrum very short or obsolete. Anterior legs in the male small,
slender : the fingers usually excavated at the tips. \_M.~\

G-enus Ciclomaia, Stimpson.

Carapace orbiculate or oblong-orbiculate, spines of rostrum
simple, rudimentary. Orbits large. Basal joint of antenna1
very broad, with three spines at its distal end. Anterior legs
with the fingers excavated at the tips.

31. Cyclomaia margaritata. A.M.

Ci/clomaia margaritata, A. Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du
Mus., t. viii., p. 230, pi. x, figs. 2 and 3 (1S72).

Carapace orbicular, as broad as long, regularly convex, covered
with regularly disposed tubercles. Front broad, little prominent,
formed of two median short and obtuse points, and of the
internal orbital angles. Orbits deep, their upper border with
two fissures. Lateral borders armed with six short, thick,
granular teeth (including the external orbital angle), the second
bifid. Basal joint of the antenna? armed with three short spines.
Anterior limbs dilated, the hand smooth, the fingers arched ; arm

22 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

and carpus covered with granulations. Ambulatory limbs stout,
one or two rows of pointed tubercles on the third and fourth
joints. [A.M.-E.']

Abrolhos, "Western Australia (Maeleay Museum). Found
also in New Caledonia, and the Sandwich and Yiti Islands.

G-enus Schizophrys, "White.

Carapace orbiculate triangular or rarely elongated. Spines of
rostrum distinct, with one or more accessory spines upon their
outer margins. Orbits large. Basal joint of antennae rather
slender, with two spines at its distal end. Fingers of anterior
legs excavated at the tips. [J/.]

35. Schizophrys aspera.

Mithrax aspera, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 320.

JDionc ajinis, De Haan, Faun. Jap., Crust, p. 94, pi. xxii., fig. 4.

Mithrax spiriifrons, A. Milne-Edwards, Ann. Soc. Ent. France,
4e serie, t. vii., p. 202, (1S07).

Schizophrys aspera, Stimpson, Amer. Acad, of Sci. and Arts,
January, I860 ; A. Milne-Edwards, Eecherches sur la faune
carcinologkpae de la Nouvelle Caledonie, Nouv. Arch, du Museum,
t. viii., p. 231, pi. x„ fig. 1.

Carapace covered with granulations which are larger and more
acute on the more prominent regions of the carapace. Cornua
of the rostrum usually twice as long as broad, each generally
terminating in two points, the outer shorter than the inner, rarely
simple, sometimes with an additional spinule. Lateral borders
armed with six sub-equidistant, strong spines, with a smaller spine
behind on the branchial region. A small triangular tooth in the
middle of the lower orbital border.

Torres Straits (Maeleay Museum). A widely distributed
tropical species.

Genus Pleuropiiricus, A. Milne-Edwards.

Carapace nearly circular, little convex. Front prominent,
orbits large. Lateral borders regularly curved, ornamented with
teeth. Antcnnary region narrow, basal joint of the external
antennae enclosed. Antennules folding up very obliquely in the

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 23

deep and narrow fossa3. Epistome very small and not distinctly
limiting the buccal orifice. Merus of the external maxillipedes
much dilated and rounded externally, profoundly excavated
internally for the insertion of the flagellum. Fingers spoon-
excavate. Abdomen of the male divided into seven joints. [A.

3G. Pleurophricus cristatipes.

Pleuropltricus cristatipes, A. M. -Edwards, Journ. des Mus.
Godeffroy, Band i., Heft iv., p. 34, pi. i., fig. 0.

Carapace strongly mammillated, smooth and glabrous. Cardiac
region surmounted by a conical eminence ; gastric region with a
few tuberosities. Eront prominent, narrow, with sinuous borders.
Orbits widely open. Lateral borders with five strong distant
teeth, of which the first, constituting the external orbital angle, is
inconspicuous ; and the last is the smallest. Posterior border
ornamented with five flattened tubercles of which one occupies
the median line. Chelipedes compressed, ornamented with
rounded eminences. Ambulatory legs short, the merus large,
compressed and surmounted by an unequal crest. \_A. M.-Hj.~\

Australia (Museum Godeffroy).

The position of this genus is doubtful. Mr. Miers regards it
as finding its true place among the Oxystomata.

Sub-Family Micippince.

Carapace sub-oblong. Eostrum vertically or nearly vertically
deflexed, usually broad, lamellate. Anterior legs with the lingers
acute at tips. Basal antennal joint very much enlarged. Eye-
peduncles very long, geniculated, and laterally projecting. [-/l£]

Genus Micti'I'a, Leach.

Eostrum nearly vertically deflexed. Orbits of a narrow oval
form, well-defined. Basal antennal joint much enlarged. Anterior
legs in the male with the palm elongate and rather slender ;
fingers meeting along their inner edges when closed. \_M.~]

37. Micippa parvirostris. A.M.

Micippu 'parvirostris, Miers, Ann. and Mag. N. II., (5) Vol.
iv., p. 13, pi. iv., fig. 0.

24 ATJSTBALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

t

Carapace triangulate-oblong, narrowing anteriorly ; its whole
surface covered with close-set but very prominent granules,
which tend to become small spinules ; rostrum composed of two
very small, truncated, sub-vertically deflexed spines. Lateral
margins armed with six spines, including the postocular, which is
bifid. The sides of the body, beneath the lateral spines granulated.
Eye-peduncles very long, compressed, with a small blunt tooth
on their anterior margins. Basal antenna! joint with a very small
spine at its antero- external angle.

Port Lincoln ; Port Philip ; Port Jackson.

38. Micippa spatulifrons.

Micippa sjxttulifrons, A. Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch. duMus.,
t. 8., p. 240, pi. xi., fig. 3 ; Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. iv., p. 445.

Rostrum very obliquely deflexed, contracted at the base, and
dilating gradually towards the extremity, terminating in four
points of which the two median are directed downwards, and the
two lateral outwards. Superior orbital border with two shallow
fissures behind, its external angle forming a triangular tooth.
Basal joint of the external antenna? smooth, its outer border
nearly straight. Carapace flattened, strongly depressed on each
side of the gastric region, covered with granulations, but without
points or spines. Lateral borders nearly straight, ornamented
with flattened tubercles or irregular denticles; a very small spine
on the posterior branchial region. Posterior border with a row
of close-set tubercles.

Cape Grenville (Macleay Museum). Pound also in New
Caledonia.

39. Micippa inermis. A.M.

Micippa inermis, Ilaswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. iv.,
p. 415, pi. xxvi., fig. 3.

Carapace uniformly tuberculated. Rostrum nearly vertically

deflexed, with a deep longitudinal mesial furrow ; ending in two
sub-triangular horns curved slightly outwards and separated by
a wide triangular notch. Upper orbital border very prominent,
ending behind in a blunt spine; fissures of the upper orbital
margin deep. Lateral borders of carapace with a row of short

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA, 25

spinous tubercles. Anterior legs (in the female) slender, smooth,
about equalling in length the post-frontal region of the carapace ;
fingers slender, sub-cylindrical, slightly curved, meeting only
towards their tips when closed. Ambulatory limbs stout,
decreasing in length posteriorly, each with a small tooth at the
extremity of the upper surface of the third joint. Body all
covered, with the exception of the anterior legs, with long soft
hair. Length fourteen lines ; breadth one inch.

Gloucester Passage, Queensland; Port Denison ("W. A. IT.,
II.M.S. "Alert").

40. Micippa superciliosa.

Micippa superciliosa, Haswell. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol.
iv., p. 116, pi. xxvi., fig. 2.

Carapace granular, hepatic regions depressed. Rostrum nearly
vertically denexed, terminating in four teeth, the inner pair
triangular, sub-acute, separated by a wide interval, the outer
rather longer, directed forwards and outwards, acute, curved
backwards at the tips. A short triangular, prse-ocular tooth ;
upper orbital bord produced, almost tubular ; orbital fissures
shallow, the first narrow, the second open. Lateral borders
armed with six slender spines which increase in length posteriorly.
Anterior limbs (in male) as long as the body ; wrist and hand
covered with minute granules arranged for the most part in
irregular transverse rows ; hand somewhat dilated ; fingers smooth,
meeting only near their apex, leaving an oval interspace between
them at the base. Length seven lines ; breadth (exclusive of the
spines) half an inch.

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

In the form of the orbits this species shows a transition
towards Criocarcinus.

41. Micippa curtispina. A.M.

Micippa curtispina, Ilaswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. Vol. iv.,
p. 446, pi. xxv., fig. 1.

Carapace granular; gastric and anterior portion of cardiac
regions much elevated towards the middle line ; posterior portion
of the cardiac region with a low mammiform elevation bounded
behind by a narrow semi-circular groove ; hepatic regions much

20 ATTSTBALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

depressed ; an obscure pointed tubercle about tbe middle of the
lateral margin ; posterolateral and posterior margins with five
small teeth on each side Rostrum quite perpendicularly deflexed,
the apex slightly indexed, terminating in four rounded lobes, the
two internal narrower and projecting further forward than tbe
two externa], separated from one another by a triangular interval,
and from the outer pair by a .shallow open sinus. Orbital fissures
linear. Anterior limbs very small, the arm carinated above, the
carina armed distally with two acute teeth ; wrist and hand
smooth — the latter compressed, fringed with hairs, the third
joint with sharp minutely toothed anterior and posterior borders.
Leugth five lines ; breadth four lines.

Port Denison, five fathoms.

42. Micippa spinosa. A.M.

Micippa spinosa, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,
p. 218 (1857).

Paramicippa spinosa, Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 9 (1S7G) ;
Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. iv., p. 117.

Carapace depressed, unequal above, closely tuberculated and
setose. Dorsal spines few, long, slender, obtuse at apex, three
in the median line, of which two are upon the gastric, and one,
largest, upon the cardiac segion. A large spine upon the
branchial region, between which and the post-orbital tooth are
nine spines on the lateral margin. Posterior margin spinulose.
Rostrum dilated at the extremity, with the margins broadly
rounded, margin crenulate, two median divergent teeth. Orbits
bi-fissate above, the inner fissure shut, tbe outer open. Ptery-
gostomian region convex and tuberculated, not setose. Anterior
legs very small, hand and wrist obsoletely granulated. Ambula-
tory Legs compressed, densely pilose, third joint with a small
terminal spine above. \St.~\

Port .lack' son ; Port Stephens. A very common species ; said
to occur also in Xew Zealand.

43. Micippa affinis.

Micippa affimis, Miers, Ann. and Mag. Xat. Hist. (5), iv., p. 13.

Carapace sub- oblong, deeply concave on the hepatic regions,

surface uniformly and evenly granulated; on the gastric regions

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 27

two, somewhat larger, granules, placed one behind the other,
and followod by one on the cardiac region ; there is also one on
each branchial region ; the lateral and posterior margins are
granulated ; the fissures of the upper orbital margins are very
small ; the rostrum is broad, spatulate, obliquely deflexed, with a
small triangular notch at its distal end, and with its anterolateral
angles rounded, without teeth or spines. The anterior legs (in
the female) are very small and smooth ; the ambulatory legs are
densely hairy. Length about six lines. [J/.]
Bass' Straits (H.M.S. ''Challenger").

Family III. PEBICERIDjE.

Eyes retractile within the small circular and well defined orbits,
which are never incomplete as in the Maiidce. Basal antenna!
joint well-developed, and constituting the greater portion of the
inferior wall of the orbit, usually considerably enlarged.

Su h- Fa m ihj Fericerin a?.

Carapace more or less sub-triangular in shape. Rostrum well-
developed. Second joint of antennae not dilated. Anterior legs
with the fingers acute at the tips.

Genus Ttarmia, Dana.

Carapace sub-triangular, without a distinct series of lateral
spines. Spines of rostrum very slender and contiguous. Inter-
orbital space broad. Basal joint of the antenna1 broad at the
apex lull unarmed. Anterior legs in, male with the palm short ;
fingers gaping. Ambulatory legs nodose or spinose.

44. Tiarinia mammillata. A.M.

Tiarinia mammillata, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. iv., p. 448.

Carapace sub-triangular, broad behind, ornamented above with
pointed and mammiform tubercles, a cross formed by six of these
on the gastric region ; cardiac region with a prominent eminence
crowned by three rounded tubercles placed close together.
Cornua of the rostrum about half of the length of the post-frontal
region of the carapace, slender, pointed, contiguous throughout
their length. Orbit with a prominent pointed, slightly curved

2Si AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

spine above and in front, and a compressed spine behind.
Anterior legs in the male as long as the post-frontal region of
the carapace; third joint with four small teeth on its upper
surface, the terminal one rather longer than the others ; hand
compressed, smooth; fingers half the length of the hand, inner
edges armed with teeth in their distal half. Second pair of legs
a little longer than the first pair ; third joint armed above with
a row of half-a-dozen small tubercles ; third joint of the two
following pairs with two or three tubercles ; that of the last pair
smooth.

Port Darwin (Macleay Museum) ; Woodlark Islands (Aus-
tralian Museum).

45. Tiarinia spinosirostris.

Tiarania sp. ? Haswell, Proe. Linn. Soc. jST.S.W., Vol. iv.,

p. m.

Carapace ornamented above with numerous mammiform
tubercles which become elongated into short spines towards the
lateral and posterior borders. Eostral cornna long, closely
approximated in the greater part of their length, divergent at the
tips, each armed externally with three acute spines projecting
out wards and slightly forwards — the central one the longest.
Upper orbital margin with a curved sub-acute spine at its
anterior extremity. Anterior legs having the arm ornamented
with a low of five prominent tub.ercles on its upper border,
an irregular row of small flattened tubercles on its outer surface,
and two or three on the under surface; wrist and hand smooth;
lingers meeting throughout nearly their whole extent, toothed,
spoon-excavate. Third joints of the ambulatory limbs ornamented
above with prominent tubercles; fourth joint of the first pair
with a short tooth at its anterior and distal angle, that of the
following pairs each with four low tubercles above.

Cape (irenville; Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay
M useuin.)

4G. Tiarinia comigera.

Pisa cornigera, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 335;
Adams and White, " Samar." Crust., p. 18.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 29

Rostral cornua styliform, parallel and contiguous througliout
all their length. Carrapace covered on its borders, as well as
below, with more or less pointed tubercles, dilated and rounded
behind. Teeth of the anterior angle of the superior orbital
border, small, pointed and recurved. Basal joint of the external
antennae armed with a terminal spine ; second joint enlarged
towards the extremity, and scarcely longer than the third. Legs
ornamented with tubercles or spines on their third joint : those
of the second pair in the male once and a half as long as the
following pairs.

Port Darwin (Macleay Museum). Found also in the Indian
Ocean.

47. Tiarinia elegans.

Tiarinia elegans, Haswell, Proc. Linn. N.S.W., Vol. vi.

Carapace elongate-triangular. Surface pitted, especially on
the branchial and cardiac regions ; gastric region with several
small tubercles, the largest situated in the middle line near the
posterior boundary of the region, laterally compressed, sub-acute ;
cardiac region with a prominent conical elevation ; branchial
regions each with two conical prominences with a small tubercle
in front of them, placed in an oblique line. Rostrum forming
about one- third of the length of the entire carapace, formed of
two slender cornua which are contiguous to near the apex, where
each curves outwards and ends in an acute point. Upper orbital
margin not prominent. Arm punctate, with a few tubercles
above and below; hand punctate, compressed, Avithatooth above
the articulation with the wrist. Fingers widely gaping, meeting
only at their tips. Ambulatory legs long and slender, with a few
scattered tubercles on the third joints. Length 9/10ths inch ;
greatest breadth 5/10ths inch.

Off Broughton Islands, near Port Stephens, dredged in
twenty- five fathoms.

Sub-F«mily Mithracinee.

Carapace broadly triangular, sometimes transverse, with the
sides slightly arcuate ; interorbital space narrow. Rostrum short
or obsolete. Second joint of antenna' not dilated. Anterior legs
with the fingers excavated at the tips. [M.~]

SO AUSTltALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

G-enus Parathoe, Miers.

Carapace triangular, rounded behind. Front very .small and
narrow, truncated or notched. Basal antennal joint narrow,
longer than broad, and without any spine at its distal end.
Anterior legs with the palm dilated and the fingers arcuate, meeting
at the tips. Ambulatory legs not dilated and compressed. [M.]

48. Parathoe rotundata.

Parathoe rotundata, Miers, Ann. and Mag., Nat. Hist. (5) iv.,
19, p. 10, pi. v., fig. 2.

Carapace sub-triangular, rounded behind and indistinctly
tuberculated ; the gastric and cardiac regions distinctly defined
and nearly smooth ; four or five indistinct rounded elevations on
the branchial regions, and two tubercles on the posterior margin.
Kostrum very small, little prominent and notched at its extremity.
Anterior legs in the male robust ; arm and wrist smooth ; palm
enlarged, smooth and compressed ; fingers arcuate, and meeting
only at the tips, which are excavated. On the inner margin of
the mobile finger near its base, is a small tubercle. Ambulatory
legs robust, with the merus joint strongly tuberculated. The
rather narrow basal antennal joint unarmed at its distal end.
Post-abdominal segments smooth and distinct. [J/.]

Port Curtis (H.M.S. " Herald"). Found also at Fiji.

Family IV. PARTHEXOPIDjE.

Eyes usually retractile within the small circular and well-defined
orbits ; the inferior wall of the orbit is cotinued to within a very
short distance of the front. The antennae are very slender, the
basal joint does not as in the Periceridco constitute a great part
of the inferior orbital margin, but is very small, and usually docs
not reach to the front, and with the next joint occupies the narow
hiatus intervening between the front and the inner orbital angle.

Sub- Family Pavthcnopiiice.

Carapace equilaterally or transversely triangular or elliptical.
Rostrum simple. A strongly marked depression separating the
branchial from the cardiac and gastric regions. Anterior legs
greatly developed with the palm trigonous ; fingers acute. [JLT.]

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 31

Genus Lambrus, Leach.

Carapace equilaterally triangular, with the regions convex,
tuberculated. Basal antennal joint short and not reaching to
the front, the inner orbital hiatus usually occupied by the second
joint, which is longer than, or as long as the first. Anterior
legs with a tuberculated or spinose crest along the upper margin
of the palm. Anterior legs usually very long. Ambulatory legs
very short, smooth or minutely spinose.

•i'J. Lambrus longimanus. ?

(Cancer longimanus, female, Linn. Mils. Lud. Ulr., p. Ill
(1764) ; Syst. Nat. p. 1017 (1766).

Lambrus longimanus, Leach, Linn. Trans., t. ii., p. 310 ;
Lesmarest, Cons., p. 85 ; Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust.,
tome i., p. 351 (1834); Miers,- Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.
(5th series) Vol. iv., Xo. 19, p. 120 (1879).

Carapace depressed, much broader than long, with shallow
concave interspaces between the regions, and covered witli small
conical acute tubercles ; the spines of the lateral margins are
conical and scarcely longer than those of the surface of the
body. Rostrum very small, acute, with a spine on. each side of
the median one ; inter-ocular space smooth, concave. Anterior
legs greatly elongated ; arm spinulose above and on its anterior
margin ; on the posterior margin are seven longer spines,
alternating with smaller ones. AVrist minutely tuberculated
above, with six or seven alternately larger and smaller spines on
its posterior margin ; hand spinulose or tuberculate above, its
anterior margin with fifteen to eighteen compound or branching
spines, which increase in size towards the distal extremity ;
posterior margin with five to eight longer, alternating with
smaller spines ; under surface of arm and wrist nearly smooth,
of hand minutely granulated or tuberculate. Spinules of the
merus joints of the ambulatory legs very small. Penultimate
joint of the post-abdomen of the male armed with a spine or
tubercle. [Miers.~\

Torres Straits ; Port Denison. A widely distributed species.

',V2 AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

50. Lambrus turriger.

Lambrus turriger, Adams and "White, Zoology of the
" Samarang," Crust., p. 26, pi. v., fig. 2, Haswell, Proc. Linn.
Soe. N.S/W., Vol. iv., p. 449.

Carapace longer than wide, five-sided, rather produced and
acuminated in front. Upper surface with four elevated spines,
rather thickened and blunt at the ends, the first about midway
between the fore and hind part of the carapace, directed upwards
and slightly backwards; behind it another spine much longer
and one on each side of this, on the hind margin of the carapace ; •
in the middle, two spines directed upwards and slightly backwards ;
the first and second spines from before backwards, moderate in
length ; the third placed in the centre of the carapace, long,
vertical, and rather sharp-pointed; the spines situated in the
raised prominent tuberosity of the branchial region, long, stout,
erect, and directed a little outwards and backwards; entire
surface of the carapace covered with blunt, sub-conical tubercles.
Breadth of carapace about four lines, length about four lines and
a half. Front small, depressed very considerably, rather short,
somewhat obtuse, deeply concave in the middle, with a slight tooth
on each side. Fore-legs very long in comparison with the rest of
the body, verrucose or covered with warty tubercles, which latter
are smooth, rounded on the sides, and more spinous on the
angular crests. Hind-legs very slender and smooth, rounded
above and below, with the claws long, fine, slightly flattened and
vcrv sharp. [Adams and lfrhite.~\

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum). Found
also in the Philippines.

51. Lambrus harpax. A.M.

Lambrus harpax, Adams and White, Zool. of the " Samarang,"
Crust., p. 25, pi. vi., tig. :j. Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S."W\,
Vol. iv., p. 450.

Carapace sub-triangular, smooth, rounded in front, carinated
in the middle, the keel armed with three rounded tubercles, and
forked anteriorly leaving a depressed triangular interval ; lateral
elites rather conspicuously crenated, the crcnations flattened and
rounded ; latero-posterior angles ending in a flattened triangular,
ral her obtuse, spiny process ; hind part of the carapace with a

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 33

strong spine directed backwards and outwards, slightly tuberculi-
t'erous, and continued in a strong ridge upon the posterior portion
of the branchial region ; another smaller spine situated nearer
the middle line, likewise strongly carinated, leaving a depressed
space between it and the former spine ; three small tubercles in
the median line, one central and one on each side. Front but
little produced, rounded anteriorly, with the margin slightly
denticulated. Fore-legs about twice the length of the carapace;
third and fourth joints with the edges armed with rounded
tubercles. [A. and W.I

Torres Straits ; Port Denison ; Albany Passage ("W. A. H.,
II. M.S. "Alert"). Occurs also on the coasts of China and
Borneo.

52. Lambrus hoplonotus.

Lmnbrus lioplonotus, Adams & White, Zool. of the "Samarang,"
Crust., p. 35, pi. vii., tig. 3 ; A. Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du
Mus., t. viii., p. 25S ; Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. iv.,
p. 450.

Carapace sub-triangular, anteriorly acuminate, somewhat
angulated at the sides, wide behind, covered with rounded, equal
sized tubercles, larger in the middle and branchial regions ; the
sides anteriorly crenated, armed in the middle with thick obtuse
tuberculiform processes, and ending posteriorly in a long
prominent acuminated spine directed outwards and a little back-
wards ; posterior edge with eight strong spines and tubercles,
the spines fringed with long, rigid, slightly curved hairs. Front
acuminately triangular, the edges sub-crenulated and a strong
spine above the orbit. Fore-legs three times longer than the
carapace, the third joint with a row of equal-sized tubercles
anteriorly ; four or five large rounded tubercles slightly separated
from each other on the outer surface ; five strong spiny processes,
extending backwards and outwards from the hinder margin ; the
third joint with a row of tubercles above and three strong spines
externally ; the fifth joint with a crest of strong spines above, a
row of tubercles internally and a row of about twelve thick,
obtuse spines on the lower sharp edge. \_A. Sf W.~\

Darnley Island, Torres Straits ; Cape G-renville (Macleay
Museum). Albany Passage; Port Molle ("W. A. H., II.M.S.
"Alert").

34 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

53. Lambrus affinis.

Lambrus offinis, A. Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du Mus. t.
Ariii., p. 261, pi. xiv., fig. 1.

Carapace narrow and very convex ; front broad, lamellate,
triangular, depressed in the middle line. Gastric, cardiac and
branchial regions tuberculated ; depressed jiortions of the carapace
without tubercles. Frontal and hepatic regions smooth. Lateral
border of the hepatic region scarcely sinuous, that of the branchial
region with about six flattened, closely approximated teeth. Arm
and hand with rounded, sometimes dentiform tubercles on their
borders. Ambulatory legs smooth. [A. M.-E.~\

Port Darwin (Maeleay Museum).

54. Lambrus nodosus. A.M.

Ziambrus nodosus, Jacquinot et Lucas, Toy. au Pole Sud, Zool.
iii., p. 13, pi. i., fig. 2. (1853) ; Miers, Cat.' Crust. N. Z., p. 12
(1876); Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. KS/W., Vol. iv., p. 451 (1879).

Carapace longer than broad, rounded on the sides, obscurely
tuberculated upon the gastric, cardiac, genital and intestinal
regions, and on the external margins of the branchial regions.
Rostrum prominent, terminating in a blunt spine. Anterior legs
very long, with large tubercles on the upper and outer margins .
mobile finger with large tubercles at its base. Ambulatory legs
slender, smooth. Penultimate segment of the abdomen with a
strong tubercle.

Port Denison. Said also to have been found in New Zealand.

55. Lambrus spinifer. A.M.

Lambrus spinifer, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. X.SAV., Vol. iv.,
p. 451, pi. xxvii., fig. 1.

Carapace deeply sulcated, armed with four prominent sjnnes in
the middle line, one on the gastric region and three on the cardiac ;
two short spines on the posterior margin; hepatic regions with
an angulated, tuberculated marginal ridge separated by a deep
groove from the posterior part of the lateral margin of the
carapace, and continuous in front with a slight longitudinal ridge
running forwards to the outer angle of orbit ; lateral margin
of the carapace with a row of seven flattened, slightly serrated
teeth, generally increasing in length posteriorly ; postero-lateral

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 35

margin with two prominent spines, of which the anterior is the
larger ; a prominent spine about the middle of the branchial
region ; infero-branchial region armed anteriorly with a row of
about nine short blunt, serrated teeth, and behind with a prominent
flattened tooth situated behind the insertion of the anterior legs,
and a tuberculated ridge just above the base of the ambulatory
legs. Front obliquely depressed, prominent, ending in one
mesial, longer, and two lateral, shorter, teeth. Anterior legs two
and a half times the length of the carapace and rostrum ; a row
of seven to twelve conical or compressed teeth on the anterior
margin of the arm, four or five conical teeth or more elongated
spines on its upper surface, and three more or less prominent
spines on its posterior border ; hand with a row of four to six
larger, and four to five smaller, triangular spines on its outer
border, and about ten of similar shape on its inner ; fingers stout,
only slightly crossed at the tips when closed. Posterior limbs
having the third, fourth, and fifth joints armed above with a
toothed ridge, most prominent on the third joint, which is armed
also below with two rows of small tubercles. Length 1^ inch.

Darnley Island, Torres Straits ; Cape Grrenville (Macleay
Museum) ; Port Denison ; Port Molle, fourteen fathoms ; Port
Curtis (W. A. H, H.M.N. "Alert"). '

56. Lambrus calappoides.

Parthenope calappoides, Adams and White, 1. c, p. 34, pi. v.,
fig. 5 ; Haswell, /. c, p. 452.

Carapace sub-triangular, truncate behind, rounded in front ;
upper surface covered with wart-like, rather depressed, tubercles;
sides at the fore-part with an obtuse rounded lobe, behind which
is a deep notch ; branchial regions very much developed, covered
with tubercles, with a ridge of larger tubercles extending to the
latero-posterior angles, and deeply incised at short, regular
intervals round the edges ; the middle region with a row of large
rounded tubercles, the anterior of which are close together, and
the posterior isolated ; two hollows between the lateral and
middle regions, and two deep pits behind the hollows. Front
wide, obtuse, rounded anteriorly, slightly emarginate at the end,
faintly dentatecl on the sides, and tuberculiferous on the upper
surface. Fore-legs rather short and stout ; third joint verrucose,

3G AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

with a strong anterior spiniferous crest, fourth joint smooth
externally, with a row of tubercles on the inner surface ;
fifth joint with a row of large tubercles, extending from the
upper claw to the base of the joint, on the inner surface ; outer
keel smooth and without spines. [A. and W.~\

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

57. Lambrus Sandrockii. A.M.

Lambrus Sandrockii, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. X.S.W.,
Vol. iv., p. 452, pi. xxvii., fig. 2.

Carapace sub-triangular in outline, ornamented with circular
tubercles which are more numerous in the central regions, where
they are covered with minute granules ; fewer and smooth on the
branchial regions ; spaces between the tubercles punctate. Front
short, strongly deflexed, ending in a rounded knob, deeply
channelled above- — the channel interrupted just in front of the
eyes by three small rounded tubercles on either side. Antero-
lateral margins with a rounded eminence crowned by a tubercle,
on the hepatic region, followed by a sharp projecting rim formed
by nine closely approximated compressed lobes granulated on
their outer borders, the ninth longer than the rest, and with an
accessory tooth on its posterior border ; postero-lateral angle
armed with a prominent blunt spine with three or four short,
blunt branches ; posterior border with two compressed triangular
teeth, of which the outer is much the larger, near the postero-
lateral angle, and two tubercles on either side above the insertion
of the abdomen. Arm with seven or eight irregular compressed-
triangular teeth on its posterior, and three on its anterior border,
four prominent tubercles situated in a longitudinal row on its
upper surface ; wrist with a few depressed tubercles ; hand with
numerous, mostly granulated tubercles, irregularly scattered on
the upper surface, forming several irregular rows on the posterior
(external) surface, a row of seven or eight on the anterior
(internal) border and another of about half a dozen on the lower
border ; fingers stout, minutely granulated, movable fingers with
a crest of laciniated teeth above. Ambulatory limbs compressed,
carinated, an irregular number of teeth on the carina? ; terminal
joint very long and slender.

Port Denison ; Port Molle, fourteen fathoms ( \V. A. H.,
H.M.S. "Alert").

AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTltACA. 37

Genus Cryptopodia, Milne-Edwards.

Carapace transversely triangular, with the lateral margins
greatly produced and concealing the ambulatory legs, the posterior
margin also prolonged backwards. Front very prominent. No
ridges on the pterygostomian regions. [iLT.]

58. Cryptopodia fornicata. A.M.

Cancer fornicatus, Eabr., Ent. Syst., t. ii., p. 453 ; Herbst,
pi. 13, figs. 79-SO.

CEthra fornicata, Lamk., Hist, des An. s. vert,, t. vi., p. 2G5 ;
Dcsmarest, Consid. p. 110.

Cryptopodia fornicata, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i.,
p. 362; Adams and White, Zool. of H.M.S. "Samarang,"
Crustacea, p. 32, pi. vi., fig. 4 ; Haswell, /. c, p. 154.

Carapace smooth above, denticulated on the borders ; rostrum
entire, as long as broad ; anterior legs about once and a half as
long as the carapace, their third joint much dilated posteriorly,
and armed with spines on the anterior border ; hands armed
above with a strong row of spines. Legs of the four last pairs
ornamented above and below with a denticulated crest extending
nearly the whole length of their third joint.

Brook Island ; Cape Grenville ; Port Denison. Found also
in the Indian Ocean, the coast of China, etc.

59. Cryptopodia spatulifrons. A.M.

Cryptopodia spatulifrons,MieTs, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5),
iv., 19, p. 2(3, pi. v., fig. 10 (1879) ; Haswell, 1. c, p. 451.

Carapace transversely triangulate, with the postero-lateral
angles truncated, everywhere punctate and granulated, the
granulations being largest and most conspicuous on the elevated
cardiac and branchial regions and on the postero-lateral and
posterior expansions of the carapace. The branchial and cardiac
regions are much elevated ; there is a strongly marked depression
in the centre of the carapace ; and the surface of the carapace
behind the antero-lateral margins and the posterior margin are
concave ; the antero-lateral margins are denticulated and the
postero-lateral and posterior margins crenulated. The rostrum
is prominent, not deflexed, smooth and of a semi-elliptical shape,
sub-acute at the extremity and with a series of sub- marginal

38 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

punctures. The anterior legs are very robust ; surface smooth
but coarsely punctured ; the anterior and posterior margins of
the arm are produced into dentated crests, the posterior expansion
being greatly dilated towards the distal extremity ; the oblique
crest on the anterior surface of the hand is armed with six
prominent triangular teeth, the posterior margin being three-
dentated ; the under surrace of the anterior legs is coarsely
puuctulated and granulated. The ambulatory legs are smooth,
longitudinally carinated on the upper and under surface. [31.]

Shark's Bay, W. Australia ; Port Jackson (very rare).

Sub- Fa m ily Etna edon incc.

Carapace usually rhomboidal or sub-pentagonal, with a spine
at the juuction of the antero-lateral and postero-lateral margins,
liostrum usually bifid or emarginate. Depressions separating
the regions of the carapace obscure or non-existent. Anterior
legs of moderate length, not trigonous.

Genus Zebhiua, White.

Carapace flat and smooth above. Spines of rostrum and
lateral spines of carapace large, laminate. Basal antennal joint
large and filling the orbital hiatus. Ambulatory legs with all
the joints greatly dilated and compressed, spinous.

60. Zebrida longispina.

Zebrida longispina, Haswell, /. <?., p. 431, pi. xxvii., tig. 3.

Distinguished from Z. Adamsii, White, by having all the
spines longer and more acute.

Darnlcy Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

Genus Gonatoxotus, Adams and White.

Carapace uneven above. Rostrum broad, lamellate, rounded,
and very slightly emarginate or entire at its distal extremity.
Anterior legs of moderate size. Ambulatory legs slender, not
dilated and compressed.

61. Gonatonotus pentagonus. A.M.

Gonatoiiotus pentagonus, Adams and White, Zool. of the
" Samarang," Crust., p. 33, pi. vi., fig. 7 ; Haswell, 1. c, p. 133.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 39

Carapace above closely verrucose, the warts depressed ; a
rather strong ridge across the back, extending from one lateral
angle to the other, with two tubercles in the middle ; the front
grooved down the middle ; the centre of the back with two
longitudinal impressions ; terminal joint of abdomen, in the
female, verrucose.

Port Denison (Mr. Alex. Morton). Found also on the coast
of Borneo.

62. G-onatonotus crassimanus. A.M.

Gouatonotus craasimanus, Has well, 1. c, p. ioo, pi. xxvi., fig. 4?.

Carapace and limbs covered with miliary granulations. Rostrum
deeply cleft anteriorly, the cornua straight — the cleft continued
on the dorsal surface of the carapace into a mesial groove which
reaches nearly half-way towards the posterior border. Bi*anchio-
cardiac groove very deep. Anterior limbs once and a half as
long as the carapace, second and third joints each with a small
compressed tooth on its anterior margin ; fourth joint armed with
a prominent slightly curved tooth ; hand with two strong blunt
teeth above, lingers stout, acuminate, armed with a few triangular
teeth. Posterior limbs carinate above, the carina on the third
joint with two inconspicuous tubercles, and ending distally in a
tooth-like process. Length five and a half lines ; breadth four
and a half.

Port Jackson (rare).

Genus Harkovia, Adams and AVhite.
Carapace slightly tuberculate, lateral spine small. Front
broad, truncated, and divided by three fissures into four lobes,
of which the median are truncated and the lateral acute.
Anterior legs elongated; ambulatory legs slender.

63. Harrovia tuberculata.

llarrovia tuberculata, Haswell, 1. c, p. 455, pi. xxvii., fig. 1.

Dorsal surface of carapace with eight tubercles crowned with
bundles of hairs, four of them on the gastric region in pairs, the
anterior pair situated far apart, the posterior close together ; two
close together in the same transverse line on the anterior part of
the cardiac region ; one on each branchial region. Antero- lateral

40 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

margins with two teeth, situated close together, the anterior low,
triangular, blunt, the posterior, occupying the laterial angle, more
prominent, triangular, acute. Supra-orbital tooth pointed, pro-
jecting slightly beyond the front. Ambulatory limbs compressed ;
meropodites of the second, third and fourth pairs with a tooth at
the distal end of the upper border ; upper border of the merus-
joint of first pair with two small tubercles towards the middle
above, that of the second and third pairs each with a single
tubercle in the same situation. Abdomen (of male) with lateral
fringes of hairs. In other points resembling H'trrooia albo-Uucata.
Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

Sub-Tribe Ciclometopa.

Carapace usually transverse, wide in front, regularly arcuate
anteriorly (sometimes quadrate or sub-orbicular), never acuminate
or rostrate. Efferent channel, branchiae, male genital appendages
and external maxillipcdes as in the OxyrJtyncha. Epistome short,
transverse. Internal antennae usually transversely plicate.

Family I. CAXCIilDJS.

Carapace usually transverse, often convex with the antero-
lateral margins arcuate. The teeth of the margins often obtuse
or obscure. Margin of the efferent channel to the branchiae
not defined by a longitudinal ridge on either side of the palate.
Ambulatory legs all gressorial, with styliform tarsi. [J/.]

Sub-Family JCanth ince.
Internal antenna; more or less transverse. External antennae
firmly fixed at their base, the flagellum not excluded from the
orbit. Inter-orbital region broad. Digits acuminate or spoon-
excavate.

Genus Cahpilius, Leach.

Carapace smooth, convex, without trace of divisional lines.
Antero-lateral border longer than the postero-latcral, without a
prominent margin. Front very often distinctly 4-lobed. Orbits
without an external hiatus. Basal joint of the antenna? long
and prolonged into the internal canthus of the orbit. Ambulatory
legs smooth, cylindrical, not crested. Abdomen of male com-
posed of six segments. [D.]

AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTEACA. 41

61. Carpilius convexus.

Cancer convexus, Forskiil, Descript. Anim., p. 88.

Carpilius convexus, Riippell, Crust, de l'Egypte, pi. 3, fig. 2 ;
Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 382, pi. xvi., figs. 9 et
10 ; De Haau, Faun. Japon. Crust., p. 17 ; Dana, U.S. Explor.
Exped., Crust., t i., p. 159, pi. vii., fig. 5 ; A. M.-Edw., Nouv.
Arch, du Mus., t. i., p, 215.

Front rather broad and formed of four lobes, of which the
two lateral are almost straight, and the two median nearly
coalescent and little prominent. Carapace very convex ; hepatic
region and anterior portion of the gastric region punctate.
Colour yellowish, irregularly spotted with red.

"Widely distributed in the Pacific and Indian Oceans and
Red Sea.

Crenus Atergatis, De Haan.

Carapace broad, convex, regions usually indistinct. Front
lamellar, not prominent, straight or slightly sinuous. Antero-
lateral border longer than the postero-lateral, usually entire,
prominent, and sharp. Orbits without an external hiatus. Basal
joint of the antennae joined to the front only by its internal
angle. Ambulatory legs compressed, surmounted by an acute
crest.

65. Atergatis floridus. A.M.

Cancer floridus, Humph., D'Amboinische Rariteitenkammer,
p. 1(3, pi. viii., fig. 5 ; Linnams, Syst. Nat., xii. ed., p. 1011.

Cancer oo/roe, Herbst, Krabben u. Krebse, pi. liv., fig. 2 ;
M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 375.

Atergatis floridus, De Haan, Fauna Japon., Crust., p. 1(5 ;
Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust, t. i., p. 159, pi. vii., fig. 1 ;
A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. i., p. 213 ; Miers, Ann.
and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1880, p. 7.

Carapace dilated, broad, with regions pretty distinctly indicated.
Surface slightly embossed, very finely punctate. Antero-lateral
borders lamellar, sharp, terminating behind in a small rounded
tooth and presenting one or two minute fissures. External
orbital angle distinct from the antero-lateral border. Front
much inclined downwards, broad, prominent in the middle, and

i2 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

scarcely sinuous. Anterior legs with the hand very slightly
rugose externally, strongly carinated above. Fingers large,
excavated. Penultimate joint of the ambulatory legs without
prominent crest on its lower border.

Port Denison, etc. ; common on coral reefs. A widely dis-
tributed tropical species.

66. Atergatis roseus.
Carjullus roseus, Ruppell.

Cancer roseus, Milne- Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 374.

Aterr/atls roseus, De Haan, Fauna Japonica, Crust., p. 17 ;
Heller, Synops. der Crust, des Rothen Meercs, p. 3 ; A. Milne-
Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. i., p. 239.

Carapace strongly convex, without indication of regions.
Surface covered with small depressions, more close-set and deeper
on the antero-lateral than on the posterior portions. Branchio-
cardiac grooves strongly marked. Antero-lateral borders entire
and without tubercle or crest at their posterior extremity. Front
denexed, its middle lobes scarcely separated and very broad ; the
lateral lobes, which form the external orbital angles, very small
and much less conspicuous. Hands rugose above and externally.
Crests of the ambulatory legs very stong, unequal, and acute.
Colour reddish, with the fingers black. [A. M.-Edw.']

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

67. Atergatis latissimus.

Zozymns latissimus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 3S1.

Aterrjatls latissimus, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. i.,
p. 237, pi. xiv.j fig. 1.

Aterr/atls sinuatifrons, Adams and White, Zool. of H.M.S.
" Samarang," Crust., p. 38.

Carapace ovoid, extremely broad, rather convex ; antero-lateral
border very long, margined with a lamelliform entire crest which
does not end in a tubercle, but curves back sharply on the
branchial region. Median lobes of the front curved and little
prominent; anterior legs strong; lingers without crests or
canaliculi on the external surface, an elevated crest on both the
upper ami lower borders of the ambulatory legs. [_M.-E.~]

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 43

Milne-Edwards gives the locality of this species as ]NTcw
Holland. It has since been found at Mauritius and in " Oceania ;"
it is only a doubtful Australian species.

Genus Lophact.ea, A. Edwards.

Carapace strongly convex both transversely and antero-
posteriorly. Antero-lateral borders long, forming a regular
curve of large radius with the front ; with a fine sharp border
divided by narrow incisions into lobes. Kegions well-defined,
divided into lobes by smooth fissures. Front lamellar, straight
or slightly sinuous. Antennary region and external maxillipedes
as in Atergatis. Chelipedes sub-equal, sometimes surmounted
by a crest, sometimes rounded above. Ambulatory legs short,
compressed laterally, crested above. Abdomen of the male with
five segments.

68. Lophactaea granulosa.

Xantho granulosus, Kiippell.

(JEgle granulosus, De Haan, Faun. Japon., p. 17.

Cancer limbatus, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust, t. i., p. 377,
pi. xvi., fig. 14.

Atergatis limbatus, Dana, op. cit., t. i., p. 157 ; Heller, ISynops.
der Crust, des Kothen Meeres, p. 4.

Lophactcea granulosa, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. i.,
p. 247.

Carapace broad ; surface closely covered with coarse rounded
and prominent tubercles, which become obsolete on the posterior
portion of the carapace. Front straight and interrupted in the
middle line by a linear fissure. Antero-lateral borders longer
than the postero-lateral borders, thin, lamellar, smooth, and
divided by three linear fissures into four lobes of which the last
is the smallest. Chelipedes sub-equal ; hand rounded and
granular above, not crested.

Cape Grenville (Macleay Museum). Found previously in the
Ked Sea and on the coast of Zanzibar.

Genus Act-ea, l)e Haan.
Carapace broad, convex, especially in the anteroposterior
direction; slightly convex behind. Kegions strongly marked

4<4: AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

and nearly always sub-divided into lobes or lobules, which arc
generally covered with granulations. Front formed of two
rounded lobes separated by a narrow fissure. Basal joint of the
antenna? short and broad, joined to the internal supra- orbital
angle ; flagellum lodged in the internal orbital hiatus. Orbit
with two fissures above and usually one below. Antero-lateral
borders thick, divided into inconspicuous lobes or teeth. Postero-
lateral borders short, and nearly always concave. Ambulatory
legs broad, laterally compressed.

69. Actsea tomentosa. A.M.
Zozi/mm tomentosus, Milne-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i.,

p. 385 ; Atlas du Hegne Anim. de Cuvier, Crust., pi. xi., bis,
fig. 2.

Actceodcs tomentosus, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 197.

Actcea tomentosa, A..M.-Ed\v., Xouv. Arch, du Mus., t. i.,
p. 262.

Carapace ovoid, very broad, tabulated in front as well as
behind, the lobules covered with regular granules and separated
by deep sulci. Surface completely covered with a very short
close down which does not conceal the granulations. Antero-
lateral borders granular, and divided into four inconspicuous
lobes, by four fissures which are prolonged on the pteiygostomial
regions in the form of grooves. Postero-lateral borders very
short and concave. Front deflexed, little prominent, deeply
incised mesially, sinuous laterally. Anterior legs covered with a
thick down which hides large pointed granules ; fingers villous,
granular, white at the tips, and deeply excavated. \_M.-E.~]

Port Denison, etc., common on coral reefs. Widely distributed
throughout the Oriental Kegion.

70. Actsea granulata. A.M.
Cancer granulatw Aud., Explication des Planches de l'Egypte,

Crust., pi. vi., fig. 2 ; De Haan, Faun. Japou. Crust., p. 47.

Cancer Savignyi, M.-Ed., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 378.

Actcea pura, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat- Sci., Philad., 1S57,
sp. GO.

Aetata i/ranulata, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. i.,
p. 275.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 45

Carapace glabrous, narrow, very convex, tabulated in front
only; lobules not very prominent and separated by broad sulci.
Surface of the carapace and of the limbs completely covered
with close- set tubercles, each in turn covered with minute
granular points. Antero-latera! borders very convex, obscurely
divided into four lobes. Postero-lateral borders very concave.

Port Denison ; Port Stephens ; Port Jackson. A widely
distributed species.

71. Acteea calculosa. A.M.
Cancer calculosus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Oust., t. i., p. 378.
Acteea calculosa, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. i.,

p. 276, pi. xviii., fig 3.

Carapace glabrous, moderately broad, sligbtly dilated in front,
flat behind, tabulated only in front ; lobules not very prominent.
Surface covered with large depressed granules becoming obsolete
behind. Antero-lateral borders imperfectly divided into four
rounded lobes. Postero-lateral borders straight. Front pro-
minent, and excavated in the middle. Anterior legs short,
sub-equal, rounded above and covered, as well as the wrist with
large tubercles. Fingers granular only at the base, short, black
with white tips. Ambulatory legs short, strong, and compressed;
third joint with the upper border acute and slightly denticulated.
Fourth and fifth joints tubercular. [A. Milne- Edwards.]

Specimens from Port Denison in the Australian Museum are
distinguished from those described and figured by Milne-Edwards,
by having the upper borders of the third joint of the ambulatory
limbs much more strongly dentate, especially towards the distal
extremity, and by having the granules on the succeeding joints
produced and acute. The granules are surrounded each by
radiating punctations. This species is very closely allied to
A. f/ranulata.

72. Actaea afflnis.

Actceodes ajfinis, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 197,
pi. xi., fig. 3 ; A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. i., p. 203.

Like the tomentosus in areolets, but the cardiac areolet nearly
bisected ; carapace a little narrower, more minutely granulous,
sparingly tomentose. Antero-lateral margin 4-dentate. Finger

4G AUSTHALTAX MALACOSTRACA.

of hand spinulous, spinules larger and fewer than in the tomen-
tosus. Outer maxillipedes naked, smooth. Abdomen sparsely
pubescent. \_Dana.~\

Port Jackson.

The specimens which I refer to this species agree with Dana's
description in all points, save that the mobile finger has only a
few tubercles at its base and no spinules. The shape of the
cardiac areolet is a little different from the figure, being more
deeply divided in the centre.

73. Actsea Peronii. A.M.

Xantlto Peronii, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 392.

Xnntho spinosus, Hess, Arehiv Mr Naturg., xxxi., p. 132,
pi. vi., fig. 3.

Carapace slightly convex, covered on the anterior portion
with small flattened tubercles, wrinkled behind. The separate
regions well defined, The antero-lateral border divided into
four large quadrangular lobes. Front deflexed, prominent,
almost bilobed, rounded. Legs depressed, thin, the penultimate
and ante-penultimate pairs with long spines on the upper border,
the dactyli very acute and hardly curved. Arm short. Carpus
and hand with very large tubercles on the surface. Hand as
long as broad. Fingers provided with a longitudinal furrow on
the upper surface. Colour bright red ; hand, and part of the
carpus, white ; fingers brown. [ Hess.~\

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

This species, not uncommon in Port Jackson, seems to be the
Xnntho Peronii of Milne-Edwards.

G-enus Ltomera, Dana.

Carapace very broad ; regions indicated by shallow grooves ;
antero-lateral borders thick. Orbits small and deep. Basal
joint of the external antenna1 only joining the process from the
front by its internal angle. Third joint of the external maxilli-
pedes sub-rectangular, the inner border longer than the outer.
Fingers usually spoon-excavate ; hand not cristate. Ambulatory
legs rounded above. [A.M.-E.]

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 47

74. Liomera maculata.

IAomerd maculata, Haswell, Proe. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. vi.

Carapace very wide, convex, smooth and shining, punctate
close to the anterior border, the regions but faintly indicated.
Front rather deeply incised, the lobes rounded. Antero-lateral
margins with three obscure lobes, the last marked off behind by
a short groove, and separated from the second by a longer and
deeper groove. Internal angle of lower orbital border tooth-
like. Hand with a few longitudinal rows of minute punctations
on its outer surface ; fingers pointed. Ambulatory legs smooth
and shining, the upper and lower borders of the terminal joint
tomentose. Carapace and legs light cream colour, the former
ornamented with numerous round red spots, and with three large
more diffuse blotches on the anterior portion ; fingers light
brown, except at the base, which partakes of the general ground-
colour ; ambulatory legs each marked with two transverse bands
of red.

Endeavour River (Macleay Museum.)

Crenus EuxAXTirus, Dana.

Carapace broad, usually strongly convex and much embossed.
Antero-lateral borders divided into several inconspicuous lobes,
and prolonged in front so as to terminate at the anterior part of
the buccal orifice. Postero-lateral borders strongly concave.
Front prominent. Basal joint of the external antennae very
long and prolonged as in Etisus into the internal orbital hiatus ;
the flagellum inserted in the orbit. Endostome smooth. Third
joint of the external maxillipedes broader internally than
externally ; the fourth joint inserted at its antero-internal angle.
Chelipedes covered with rounded bosses. Ambulatory legs short
and compressed. Abdomen of the male composed of five
joints. [A. M.-EJw.~]

75. Euxanthus Huonii.

Euxanthus Huonii, Lucas, Toy. au Pole Sud, Crustacea, p. 1G,
pi. iv., fig. 1 ; A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., i., p. 200,
pi. xv., fig. 1.

Carapace very convex and covered with rugose bosses. Front
prominent and formed of two conspicuous lamelliform lobes. A

48 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

small tubercle at the external orbital angle. Antero-lateral
borders very long, regularly curved, divided into six teeth which
are prominent, rounded, and connected together by a finely
granular line ; the first smaller than the rest and placed close to
the second, the rest sub-equal and regularly disposed. Posterior
borders concave and finely granulated. Chelipedes sub-equal,
small ; hands rugose, with a tew large rounded tubercles above,
and longitudinal rows of granules externally ; fingers granular,
black, the black colour extending on to the hand ; carpus
embossed and granular ; merus granular on its upper border.
Ambulatory legs tuberculated and granular. [A. M.-Edw.']

Cape Grenville (Macleay Museum).

76. Euxanthus maculatus.

Euxanthus maculatus, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soe. X.S.W.,
Vol. vi.

Surface strongly embossed, the bosses prominent, rugose or
punctate. Front deflexed, bilobed. Supra-ciliary border very
thick. Anterior half of antero-lateral border entire, posterior
half with three indistinct teeth. Chelipedes very rugose exter-
nally, hand with longitudinal rows of pits on its outer surface.
Ambulatory legs granular. Colour light red with darker blotches.

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

77. Euxanthus mammillatus.

Cancer mammillatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Xat. Crust., i., p. 37G.

Melissa mammillata, Strahl, Archiv fur Xatur., 1861, p. 103.

Euxanthus mammillatus, A. M.-Edw., Xouv. Arch, du Mus.,
t. i., p. 292, pi. xv., figs. 2, 2 a, 2 b.

Carapace broad, dilated, covered with smooth and prominent
elevations. Front prominent, Antero-lateral borders long and
arched, divided into irregular lobes, which can be set down as
six in number; the three first are rather formed by undulations
of the border ; the fourth is dentiform and prominent, the fifth
is not prominent and often appears as two lobes ; the sixth is
dentiform and conspicuous. Postero-lateral borders concave.

AUSTRALIAN" MALACOSTRACA. 49

Grenus Xanthodes, Dana.

Foi*m of carapace approaching that of Pilumnus and Eriphia,
not much deflexed in front, depressed, not dilated at the sides ;
antero-lateral border longer than the postero-lateral ; posterior
region of the carapace flat. Orbits not interrupted by an
external hiatus. Basal joint of the external antenna? short,
reaching the front only through the intermediation of a frontal
process. Abdomen of the male five-jointed.

78. Xanthodes notatus. A.M.

Xanthodes notatus, Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 178, pi. viii., fig. 12.

Carapace anteriorly neat areolate, the areolets flat with abrupt
sulci between, and surface nearly smooth or very minutely erose ;
front nearly straight, emarginate, antero-lateral margin 5-toothed ;
first tooth nearly obsolete, second and third tuberculiform,
fourth and fifth acute spiniform. Anterior feet quite unequal,
larger hand and carpus small tuberculate, hand smooth above,
shining, smaller hand and carpus densely armed with spines.
Eight posterior legs hirsute, third joint above denticulate. [_D.]

Port Jackson. (?) Found also at the Society and Sandwich
Islands.

The specimen which I refer to this species has the spines of
the smaller hand shorter than in Dana's figure, and the upper
surface of the larger wrist and hand with much fewer tubercles.
The fingers of both hands are blackish brown the dark colour
not extending on the palm.

79. Xanthodes atromanus. Plate i., fig. 1. A.M.

Xantliodes atromanus, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. vi.

Allied to the preceding ; distinguished from it mainly by having
a prominent triangular tooth at the inner angle of "the lower
orbital border ; the hands not very unequal, the wrist of both
slightly tuberculate externally, and with two pointed tubercles
internally ; the hands with a deep longitudinal groove on the
outer surface near the upper border, the larger hand with two
and the smaller with three longitudinal rows of tubercles below

D

50 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

this ; the fingers black — the black extending backwards for some
distance on the palm. Length 7/16ths inch ; breadth ll/16ths.

The locality of the two preceding species is doubtful.

X. atromanus is distinguished from X. pachydactylus, A. Milne-
Edwards, by the presence of the rows of tubercles on the outer
surface of the hands and other points.

80. Xanthodes scaber. A.M.
Cancer scaber, Eabr., Suppl., p. 336.

Xantho scaber, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 390.

Carapace very granular everywhere and strongly embossed in
front, but without conspicuous prominences or sulci on the
cardiac region and the corresponding portion of the branchial
regions. Antero-lateral borders strongly curved, and divided
into'f our indistinct lobes. Pterygostomial regions granular and
marked with small grooves contiuuous with the notches between
the lobes of the antero-lateral margins. Postero-lateral borders
straight. Hands broader than in X. setiger ; fingers without
distinct canaliculi. [M.-Edw.~]

This species is nearly allied to X. LamarcTcii, but the antero-
lateral lobes are very indistinct, and . the outer surface of the
hand is not grooved.

Holborn Island, near Port Denison, collected by Mr. Alex.
Morton ; Low Island (Macleay Museum).

G-enus Ctcloxantiitts, A. Milne-Edwards.

Allied to Xantho, but with the front extremely prominent, the
antero-lateral borders long and strongly curved behind ; the
third joint of the external maxillipedes sub-quadrilateral ; the
abdomen of the male consists of five moveable joints.

81. Cycloxanthus punctatus.

Cycloxanthus punctatus, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. vi.

Carapace with the regions well defined, ornamented with
scattered punctations ; front very prominent, entire, deflexed ;

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 51

anterolateral borders forming a re-entering angle with the front,
strongly arched, with four faintly-marked lobes. Chelipedes
closely pitted externally, so as to appear reticulated. Ambulatory
legs compressed, ornamented with scattered punctations ; ter-
minal joint with four longitudinal ribs or carina.

Parramatta River (Macleay Museum).

Grenus Panop^us, Edw.

Antero-lateral borders thin, toothed, generally shorter than
the postero-lateral. Orbit with an external hiatus. [Z>.]

82. Panopceus acutidens. Plate i., fig 2. A.M.

Panopoeus acutidens, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.SAV, Vol. vi.

Carapace moderately convex, with a series of granules -and
granular hairy tubercles in front and at the sides ; a long curved
granular hairy ridge extending inwards and slightly forwards
from near the base of the fourth lateral tooth ; smooth behind
and in the centre. Front four-lobed, the median lobes broad,
rounded, separated by a rounded excavation ; lateral lobes
narrower and rather more prominent. Orbital margin granular
external hiatus wide. Antero-lateral margin with five wide,
compressed teeth, the first low and rounded, the second larger
but truncate, the third a little longer than the second and sub-
acute, the fourth and fifth sub- conical, acute. Anterior legs
unequal ; the right larger than the left, its wrist with two conical
spines on its inner border, hand dilated, with two or three small
tubercles on its inner surface, hand and wrist ornamented with
small granules mostly disposed in transverse rows and beset
with short bristles ; fingers stout with rounded teeth, hooked at
the tips ; left with the hand narrower than the right, the fingers
very long and slender, hooked at the tips and armed with
triangular acute teeth. Abdomen of female bordered with a
close fringe of long hairs. Length of carapace 1 and l/16ths
inch ; breadth If inch.

Port Darwin.

A near ally of Panopoeus dentatus, Adams and White, but
distinguished by the form of the antero-lateral teeth, etc.

52 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTItACA.

Genus Pseudocaecinus, Milne-Edwards.

Carapace slightly convex and a little embossed near the front.
Front nearly horizontal. Antero- lateral borders moderately
curved and armed with more or less prominent teeth ; postero-
lateral borders straight, convergent. Basal joint of the external
antennae very small, second joint scarcely reaching the front,
third joint occupying, but not filling, the orbital hiatus. Palate
not canaliculated. Chelipedes very large.

83. Pseudocarcinus gigas.

Cancer c/i'fjas, Lam., Hist, des Ani. Sans Vert., t. v., p. 272.

Pseudocarcinus giyas, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., i.,
p. 409.

Carapace slightly convex and swollen on the sides ; front
armed with four thick pointed teeth, near the base of which on
the gastric region is an equal number of rounded tubercles.
Antero-lateral borders obscurely divided into four lobes, each
armed with two or three spinif orm teeth. Orbits divided by four
fissures. Anterior legs very thick, posterior border of the arm
spinose; carpus armed internally with two teeth. Ambulatory
legs rounded, armed with spines on the upper border of the
third joint. [M.-Edw.]

Bass' Straits ; Port Philip.

This species is one of the giants of the class, the carapace
being sometimes two feet in breadth.

Genus Medjeus, Dana.

Carapace narrow, scarcely transverse, naked; front rather
short. Orbits with two teeth below and one externally.
Antero-lateral margin produced under the orbit. Anterior legs
thick.

84. Medseus nodosus. A.M.
Medceus nodosus, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. ix.,

p. 212, pi. viii., fig. 2.

Carapace strongly lobulated, the lobules granular. Eront
slightly emarginate in the middle, straight and prominent.
Antero-lateral borders divided into four rounded and granular
teeth, of which the two posterior are the strongest. Anterior

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 53

legs covered with granular nodosities disposed in regular series.
Ambulatory legs slender and without spines above.

Ilolbom Island, near Port Denison, on coral reef. Originally
found in New Caledonia.

There are some differences between the specimen from Port
Denison and the New Caledonian species described by Milne-
Edwards ; thus the front is more concave in the centre, and the
■ anterior margin of the buccal cavity is without the strong beading
shewn in Milne-Edwards' figure ; but the correspondence in all
other points is too close to permit of their being regarded as
distinct species.

Crenus Menippe, De Haan.

Antero-lateral margin shorter than the postero-lateral. Basal
joint of the external antennae short, neither reaching the front
nor a process of the front. Abdomen of the male seven- jointed.

85. Minippe Legouilloui.

Mmippe Lef/ouilloui, A. M.-Edw., An. Hoc, Ent. France, vii.,
p. 271 (1867) ; Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1880, p. 9.
Swan River (Brit. Museum).
I have not seen the description of this species.

Sub-Family Chlorodince.

Internal antennae transverse. External antennae firmly fixed
at the base, the flagellum rarely excluded from the orbit. Inter-
orbital region rather broad. Fingers spoon-excavate. [Z>.]

Crenus Etisus, Leach.

Internal orbital hiatus occupied by a process of the base
of the antennae, excluding the flagellum from the orbital
cavity. Front broad, lamellar ; antero-lateral borders strongly
toothed. [Z>.]

86. Etisus dentatus.

Cancer dentatus, Herbst, Krabben und Krebse, i., p. 18(3,
pi. xi., fig. GO (1790).

Etisus dentatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 411 (1831).

54 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Carapace convex, the regions distinct. Front prominent and
formed of two large flattened and truncated lobes, external to
which is a large rounded tubercle which occupies the internal
orbital angle. Orbits armed with four teeth, one above, one at
the external angle, and two below. Antero-lateral borders pretty
strongly curved, reaching the plane of the cardiac region,
and obscurely divided into four lobes, each ornamented with a
strong rounded tooth, recurved forwards ; the two middle lobes
present in addition two or three smaller teeth, so that the total
number is at least eight on each side. Ambulatory legs armed
with spines above.

Torres Straits (Brit. Museum). A widely distributed species.

87. Etisus laevirnanus. A.M

Etisus loevimanus, Randall, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,
viii., p. 115 ; Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 185, pi. x.,
fig. 1.

Carapace broad, distinctly but lightly areolate, front between
the outer antenna? nearly straight, thin, not deflexed ; antero-
lateral margin with five broad teeth, teeth not very prominent,
the second very obtuse. Anterior feet stout, hand on upper and
outer sides smooth ; following pairs of feet compreseed, fourth,
fifth, and sixth joints spiimloso-granulate above.

Holborn Island, near Port Denisoi), on coral reef. Found
also in Fiji, the Sandwich Islands, etc.

Grenus Chlorodopsis, A. M.-Edw.

Carapace not very broad, depressed, regions well marked in
front, antero-lateral borders shorter than the postero-lateral, or
equal to them, and armed with spines ; flagellum of the antennae
inserted under the front, and excluded from the orbit by a
prolongation of the basilar joint, which Alls the hiatus. Anterior
border of the third joint of the external maxillipcdes excavated ;
legs spinulous ; fingers spoon-excavate.

88. Chlorodopsis areolatus.

Chlorodius areolatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 400.
? Etisodes cailatus, Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 188, pi. ix., fig. 4.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 55

Chlorodopsis areolatus, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arcli. du Mus., ix.,
p. 231, pi. viii., fig. 8.

Carapace strongly embossed; front broad and divided into
four very distinct lobes. Antero- lateral borders short, nearly
straight, and divided into four triangular teeth. Anterior legs
granular ; following pairs, as well as the inferior surface of the
body, nearly smooth.

Port Jackson, and other points on eastern coast.

89. Chlorodopsis melanochirus. A.M.

Chlorodopsis melanochirus, A. M.-Edw., Nouv., Arch, du Mus.,
t. ix., p. 228, pi. viii., fig. 5.

Carapace broad, convex, regions distinctly indicated, their
lobules separated by smooth sulci ; all the prominent parts
covered with granulations and stiff brown bristles, and near the
borders with spiniform tubercles. Front formed of two median
granular lobes separated by a smooth depression, and of two
small lateral prolongations situated internal to the external
antenna?. Orbits wide, their margins spinulous. Antero-lateral
borders divided into four lobes, each bearing several small spines.
Anterior legs unequal and robust ; hand clothed above and
externally with numerous pointed tubercles and stiff brown
hairs. Eingers black, white at the tips, the black extending on
the hand laterally and below to near the articulation of the
wrist. [A. M.-E.~]

Holborn Island, near Port Denison, on coral reefs ; also
Darnley Island, Port Molle, etc. Found originally in New
Caledonia.

Genus Etisodes, Dana.

Nearly allied to Etisus, but with the carapace narrower and
more lobulated, and the front more deeply incised.

90. Etisodes anaglyptus.

Etisus anaglyptus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 411.

Carapace scarcely convex, and not so much as once and a half
as broad as long ; front and orbits nearly as in Etisus dentatus.
Antero-lateral borders little curved, nearly of the same length
as the postero-lateral, and armed with four large triangular and

56 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

prominent teeth (not including the external orbital angle).
Antennae as in E. dentatus. Anterior legs strong and ornamented
with tubercles, those of the four last pairs as in E. dentatus,
only ornamented in addition with long hairs. Length about an
inch and a half. [3I.-E.]

Australasia (Paris Museum).

91. Etisodes frontalis. A.M.

Etisodes frontalis, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 187,
pi. ix., fig. 3.

Carapace anteriorly areolate, posteriorly plane, areolets nearly
flat ; front much produced, horizontal ; antero-lateral margin
5-toothed, teeth sub-triangular, posterior tooth much smaller
than preceding. Anterior feet unarmed, hand not smooth above,
mobile finger somewhat tricarinate above ; carpus granulous,
and having a prominence adjoining the articulation with the
hand. Eight posterior feet somewhat pubescent, third joint
unarmed. [i>.]

Holborn Island, near Port Denison, on coral reef. Found
also in the Sooloo Sea.

Genus Cakpilodes, Dana.

Carapace broad, naked, convex behind. Antero-lateral margins
thickly rounded. Internal orbital hiatus occupied by the base
of the antenna? ; flagellum not excluded from the orbit. Eight
posterior feet sub-cylindrical, naked. [D.]

92. Carpilodes tristis. A.M.

Carpilodes tristis, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 193,
pi. ix., fig. 7.

Carapace broad sub-rhombic, smooth, not shining, somewhat
areolate anteriorly ; front short, almost straight, very slightly
emarginate, antero-lateral margin four-lobed, lobes rounded ;
postero-lateral side straight, convex. Anterior feet equal, short
and small, naked and unarmed, smooth. Posterior feet hardly
at all compressed, naked. [_D.]

Holborn Island, near Port Denison ; Mollc Island, Port
Molle, on coral reef (W. A. 11.) ; Darnley Island, Torres
Straits.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 57

93. Carpilodes vaillantianus ?

Carpilodes vaillantianus, A. Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du
Mus., torn, i., p. 231, pi. xi., fig. 3.

Carapace very broad, convex antero-posteriorly, embossed in
front. Surface granular on tbe antero-lateral portions, smooth
behind. Protogastric lobes divided by a longitudinal groove,
which is not prolonged backwards as far as the gastric grooves ;
mesogastric grooves strongly marked in front but becoming less
distinct behind ; branchio-hepatic groove not prolonged as far
as the gastric region ; cardiac region not defined from the
branchials. Front divided by a mesial fissure, sinuous laterally.
Antero-lateral borders divided into four dentiform, rounded,
granular lobes. Chelipedes very granular, the hand ornamented
externally with rows of granules. Fourth and fifth joints of
the ambulatory legs granular. [M.-Eclw.~\

Cape G-renville (Macleay Museum).

94. Carpilodes granulosus.

Carpilodes granulosus, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. vi.

Carapace very broad, convex, strongly embossed anteriorly,
covered with extremely minute granulations, and with a few
scattered punctations, more numerous near the anterior and
antero-lateral borders ; inter-lobular grooves well-marked ; proto-
gastric lobes divided by a longitudinal groove ; epi-gastric lobes
prominent, distinctly marked off from the proto-gastric, meso-
gastric prolonged to a point between the latter, the grooves
defining it prolonged backwards to join the branchio-gastric
groove ; gastric region well separated from the cardiac. Front
four-lobed, the outer lobes very small. Antero-lateral borders
divided into four teeth. Chelipedes sub-equal, ornamented with
a few scattered punctations. Carapace light brown with darker
blotches ; fingers of the chelipedes of a dark brown, which is
prolonged a little on the inner and outer surfaces of the
propodos.

Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

Genus Zozymits, Leach.
Carapace moderately broad; antero-lateral border thin ;
posterior portion of the carapace convex. Internal orbital

58 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

hiatus occupied by the base of the antenna?, the flagellum not
excluded from the orbit. Fingers spoon-excavate. Eight
posterior legs much compressed, crested or sub-crested. Similar
in aspect to Atergatis.

95. Zozymus seneus. A.M.
Cancer ceneus, Lin.

Zozymus ceneus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 385.

Carapace moderately broad, convex, very unequal, strongly
embossed, and almost tubercular posteriorly ; front little pro-
minent and indistinctly divided into four lobes. Antero-lateral
borders of the carapace not prolonged beyond the line of the
beyond the line of the genital region, and armed with four very
broad teeth, compressed and united in the form of a crest.
Anterior legs tubercular externally, the following pairs grooved
on their outer surface. \_M.-E.~]

A species of tolerably wide distribution in the Oriental
Kegion. There are specimens in the Australian Museum
collection from "Woodlark Island, but none from Australia,

G-enus Lophozozymus, A. Milne- Edwards.
Allied to Zozymus, but with the carapace less convex and the
fingers acute.

96. Lophozozymus octodentatus. A.M.
Xantho octodentatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 398.
Antero-lateral borders of the carapace armed with very strong

teeth, separated from one another by deep fissures. Carapace
slightly convex, pretty strongly embossed near the anterior border
and smooth in its posterior part. Eront not very prominent,
divided into two lobes. Anterior legs of moderate size ; carpus
with two thick tubercles internally ; fingers slightly grooved.
Following pairs of legs very much compressed and ornamented
with hairs. [M.-JE.']

N.W. Coast (Capt. "Wolcott, RN.) ; Cape Grenville.

97. Lophozozymus incisus.

Xantho incisus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. des Crust,, i., p. 397.
External surface of the hands ornamented with several
horizontal rows of small tubercles ; carapace very broad, little

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 59

convex, strongly embossed, and presenting on the gastric and
hepatic regions several small transverse crests. Front scarcely
inclined and divided into four rounded lobetf, of which the two
external are very small. Antero-lateral borders of the carapace
divided into four teeth, of which the two first are rounded and
compressed, and the two last triangular and carinated above.
Anterior legs granular. Length about one inch ; a few hairs on
the carapace and limbs. \_M.-Edw.~]
Australasia (Paris Museum).

Genus Phymodius, A. M.-Edw.
Carapace narrow, almost regularly hexagonal, strongly lobu-
lated all over the surface. Front formed of two median rounded
lobes and two lateral teeth. Antero-lateral borders thick and
lobed. Basal joint of the antennse short and broad, united to a
process of the front. Fingers spoon-excavate. Ambulatory
legs long, slender, and spinulous above.

98. Phyinodius ungulatus. A.M.

Chlorodius ungulatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 400,
pi. xvi., fig. 6-8. Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust, i., p. 204,
pi. xi., fig. 8.

Chlorodius areolatus, Adams & "White, Voy. of the "Samarang,"
Crust., p. 41, pi. xi., fig. 3.

Phymodius ungulatus, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. ix.,
p. 218.

Carapace slightly convex and lobulated in all its extent, the
lobules punctate but not granular. Antero-lateral borders thick,
with five obtuse and rounded teeth, the first little conspicuous,
the second and third nearly equal and prominent, the fourth
smaller. Front divided into four lobules ; the two median broad
and rounded, the lateral smaller and narrower. Anterior feet
very long ; arm tubercular ; fore-arm covered with coarse
tubercles armed externally with an obtuse tooth. Hands strong,
unequal, ornamented with tubercles ; fingers black, this colour
extending on the hand to the base of the fingers. Ambulatory
legs long, granular, and hairy above.

Port Denison, etc. A widely distributed species, chiefly
tropical.

60 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

G-enus Leptodius, A. M.-Edw.
Carapace more or less transverse, anteriorly areolate, poster-
iorly plane or imperfectly divided ; lateral gastric lobes not
sub-divided. Antero-lateral borders longer than the postero-
lateral, toothed or lobed. Front small, truncate. Basal joint of
the antenna? short and thick, in contact with a process of the
front ; flagellum lodged in the internal orbital hiatus. Third
joint of the external maxillipedes sub-rectangular. Anterior
legs unarmed. Posterior legs not spinulous.

99. Leptodius exaratus. A.M.
Chlorodius exaratus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. -102,

and Regne Animalede Cuvier, Crust., Atlas, pi. xi., fig. 3 ; Dana,
U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust, Vol. i., p. 207, pi. x., fig. 11;
Stimpson, Prodr., etc., (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.) 1858,
p. 31.

Xantho qffinis, De Haan, Fauna Japonica, p. 48, pi. xiii., fig. 8.

Leptodius exaratus, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. ix.,
p. 222.

Carapace very broad, depressed, slightly lobulated in front.
Branchial region with three prominent lobes which follow the
contour of the carapace. Antero-lateral borders with four
triangular, broad and pointed teeth (not including the external
orbital angle). Posterior part of the carapace depressed and
completely smooth. Front truncate, narrow, formed of two
lobes which are more prominent than the internal orbital angles.
Anterior legs robust, fingers long and black ; hand sometimes a
little rugose above, completely smooth on its other aspects.
Wrist with an obtuse tooth internally. Ambulatory legs smooth.

A widely distributed species.

100. Leptodius sanguineus.

Chlorodius sanguineus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 402 ;
Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 207, pi. xi., fig. 11.

GMorodius Edwardsii, Heller, Synopsis der Crust, des Kothen
Meeres, p. 8.

Allied to the preceding, but with the carapace in general more
convex, without tubercles, and with five teeth on the antero-
lateral borders, the fifth being smaller than the rest.

Perhaps only a variety of the preceding.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 61

101. Leptodius crassimanus. A.M.

Xantlio crassimcmus, A. Milne-Edwards, Ann. de la Societe
Ent. de France, t. vii. (1867), p. 267.

Leptodius crassimanus, A. M. -Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du Mus.,
t. ix., p. 226, pi. xi., fig. 4.

Carapace broad, moderately convex, and marked with broad
and well-defined inter-regional and inter-lobnlar grooves. Proto-
gastric lobes transversed by a longitudinal sulcus ; uro-gastric
lobe prolonged to a point between them ; hepatic region bilobed.
Portion of the carapace situated behind the lateral angles almost
smooth. All the prominent portions of the carapace a little
rugose. Front straight, a little deflexed, and divided into four
small tuberculif orm teeth, the internal orbital angle not included.
Antero-lateral borders with five principal obtuse teeth, in front
of which is a sixth, small, prominence. Anterior legs of the
male much dilated and very robust ; hand thick, a little rugose
above ; fingers smooth, not carinated.

Port Denison ; Port Molle ; Port Curtis.

102. Leptodius granulosus. A.M.

Leptodius granulosus, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N\S."W\,
Vol. vi.

Distinguished from L. exaratus mainly by having the whole
carapace, with the exception of a small portion near the posterior
border, ornamented with short transverse rows of granules.

Port Denison ; Port Molle.

Genus Chlorodius, Leach.

Carapace nearly regularly hexagonal, flat and smooth or
slightly lobulated near the antero-lateral borders. Front broad.
Antero-lateral borders thick, lobed or toothed. Basal joint of
the antennae broadly joined to the front ; orbital hiatus almost
closed by the close approximation of the inner angles of the
upper and lower orbital borders, so as to exclude the flagellum
of the antennae from the orbit. Anterior legs long and generally
smooth ; fingers spoon-excavate.

62 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

103. Chlorodius niger. A.M.

Cancer niger, Forskal.

Chlorodius niger, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des Crust., i.,
p. 401 ; Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 216, pi. xii.,
fig. 5 ; A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. ix., p. 211.

Chlorodius hirtipes, Adams and White, Zoology of H.M.S.
" Samarang," Crust., p. 40, pi. x., fig. 4.

Chlorodius cytherea, Dana, 1. c., i., p. 213, pi. xii., fig. 2.

Chlorodius nebulosa, Dana, 1. c., t. 1., p. 214, pi. xii., fig. 3.

Carapace nearly plane above, with a few smooth rounded
lobules on the hepatic and anterior branchial regions. Antero-
lateral borders with four lobes, of which the two last may be
acute. Anterior legs small, arm with a minute spine on its
anterior border, sometimes replaced by a few tubercles, wrist
with a blunt spine. Hand and fingers smooth.

Port Jackson ; Darnley Island, etc. A widely distributed
species.

Family II EBIFHIIDM.

Palate distinctly divided by a ridge defining the margin of the
efferent canal. Carapace usually narrow, sometimes broad,
antero-lateral margin rarely longer than the postero-lateral.
Eyes remote.

Sub-Family Oziince.

Carapace more or less transverse, not dilated at the sides.
Pingers acuminate. Internal ant enure transverse. Orbit with
an internal hiatus occupied by the base of the antenna1.
Abdomen of the male with seven articulations.

G-enus Oziits, Leach.

Carapace transverse, flattened. Antero-lateral margin usually
dentate and shorter than the postero-lateral. Palate with a
strong ridge on either side. External antennas with the basal
joint completely reaching the front, the flagellum entering the
internal orbital hiatus. Anterior legs with the fingers not
spoon-excavate at the extremity ; ambulatory legs of normal
shape, not cristate above.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 63

104. Ozius truncatus. A.M.

Ozius truncatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust, i., p. 406, pi. xvi.,
fig. 11 ; Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 230, pi. xiii.,
fig. 4 ; Miers, Cat. Crust., N.Z., p. 21.

Xcnitho deplanatus, White, Jukes' Voy. H.M.S. " Ely," p. 337.

Carapace not very wide, nearly flat above and slightly tuber-
culated in front. Eront very wide, nearly straight, slightly
sinuous, without a transverse groove in front ; orbits without
distinct fissures ; antero-lateral margins short, divided into four
or five wide obtuse lobes. Pterygostomian regions granulous ;
third joint of the external maxillipedes with the anterior margins
notched. Basal joint of the external antennae very oblique,
fiagellum rudimentary, the internal orbital hiatus very narrow.
Colour brownish. Length If in., breadth 2 in.

Port Jackson, etc. Found also in New Zealand.

105. Ozius lobatus.

Ozius lobatus, Heller, Eeise der Novara, Crust., p. 21, pi. ii.,
fig. 4.

Carapace transverse, broad, anteriorly a little areolate, the
areolets granulated, posteriorly smooth, punctate. Eront of four
lobes, the median pair larger than the lateral. Antero-lateral
margin shorter than the postero-lateral, quadri-dentate, the two
anterior teeth broad, obtuse. Anterior limbs unequal, the carpus
and propodos granulated externally, naked ; fingers moderate,
posterior legs hirsute. [I£eller.~\

Sydney (Heller).

Probably identical with the preceding.

106. Oxius rugulosus. A.M.

Oxius rugulosus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,
1858, p. 23, No. 83 ; Heller, 1. c, p. 22, pi. iii., fig. 1 ; A. Milne-
Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. ix., p. 240, pi. xi., fig. 3.

Carapace convex, lobulated in front, and covered with five
granulations, replaced sometimes behind by punctations. Front
quadridentate. Antero-lateral borders divided into five thick
and little prominent lobes, the fifth being smaller than the
preceding. External orbital angle not dentiform. Anterior

G4 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

logs unequal and rugose ; larger hand as it were corroded
externally, smaller nearly smooth. Ambulatory legs tomentose.

Poi*t Denison, etc. Found also in the Indian Archipelago
and New Caledonia.

107. Ozius guttatus. A.M.

Ozius guttatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 40G ;
A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t, ix., p. 239, pi. xi., fig. 1.

Carapace oval, little convex, smooth above. A transverse
slightly granular line extending from the fourth lateral tooth,
and directed towards the gastric region. Gastric region traversed
longitudinally by two shallow grooves which limit the urogastrie
lobe. Antero- lateral borders divided into five dentiform lobes,
which are not very prominent, the last much the smallest and
sometimes absent. Eront slightly bi-marginated and divided
into four flattened obtuse and deflexed teeth, separated by broad
clefts. Anterior legs thick and nearly smooth, Ambulatory
legs tomentose towards their extremity.

Port Denison ; Port Curtis.

108. Ozius sp. A.M.

Carapace oval, nearly smooth, slightly granular anteriorly.
Eront obscurely four-lobed. Anterolateral margins almost
entire, divided by three very obscure fissures. Anterior legs
unequal, the larger hand smooth, swollen, mobile finger with a
large rounded tooth at the base, immobile finger with two larger
rounded and several smaller ones ; smaller hand slightly rough-
ened externally, fingers slender, armed with a few minute acute
teeth. Breadth of carapace 15/lGths inch ; length 9/16ths inch.

Port Denison.

This species resembles O. frontalis of Milne-Edwards, but
there is no transverse groove on the front besides that which
separates the two margins characteristic of the genus.

Genus PiLUMNUs, Leach.

Carapace thick, convex, slightly broader than long, front
inclined. Antero-lateral margin shorter than the postero-lateral,
dentate. Orbits often denticulated. Basal joint of the external
antenna? short, not quite reaching to the front, flagcllum entering

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. G5

the inner orbital hiatus. Anterior legs robust, usually spinose
or denticulated. Ambulatory legs of moderate length, not
cristate.

109. Pilumnus vespertilio. A.M.
Cancer vespertilio, Eabr., Ent. Syst., ii., p. 463 (1793).
Pilumnus vespertilio, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 418,

(1834).

Carapace entirely covered with long brown (or cinereous)
hairs. Latero-anterior margins with three large spines placed
in the same line, and a fourth smaller spine upon the ptery-
gostomian region. Upper and external surface of the hands
granulated, lower portion of the hand smooth.

Common on coral reefs in Australia, the Melanesian Islands,
etc: Said also to have been found in New Zealand.

110. Pilumnus monilifera. Plate 1, fig. 3. A.M.
Pilumnus monilifera, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,

Vol. vi.

Surface convex, smooth, regions faintly defined. Front divided
by a deep notch into two prominent rounded lobes with granulated
margins, A conical tooth between the front and the internal
orbital hiatus. Borders of the orbit with a series of prominent
granules. Antero-lateral borders with four teeth, of which the
first is inconspicuous, each tooth capped by a cluster of granules.
A cluster of three or four granules situated close together on
either side of the middle line between and rather behind the
orbits ; an oblique row of prominent granules on either side
near the lateral border, continuous behind with the granules of
the third lateral tooth ; a short row of three or four granules
behind this near the fourth lateral tooth. Anterior legs very
large, the left a little larger than the right. Carpus, propodos,
and base of dactylos covered with prominent granules. Carapace
and limbs covered with a short close pubescence. Length of
carapace f ths in. ; breadth 13/16ths in.

Tasmania.

111. Pilumnus lanatus.

Pilumnus lanatus, Latr., Encycl., t. x., p. 125 ; Milne-Edwards,
Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 419.

E

66 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

Carapace and legs tomentose ; three simple nearly conical
teeth terminating in a harder or scaly point, on each side of the
test, behind the post-ocular tooth. Notch in the middle of the
front angular, the two adjacent lobes perfectly rounded with the
border granulated. Right chelipede the larger ; fingers blackish,
those of the larger chelipede striated. [Latr.]

Australia and the East Indies (Mus. Paris).

Milne-Edwards describes this species as having the carapace
little or not at all granular. I cannot identify it with any of the
species known to me.

112. Pilumnus rufopunctatus. A.M.

IP Hum mis rufopunctatus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Philad., Vol. x., sp. 90 ; Heller, Eeise der Novara, Crust., p. 23.

Body and chelipedes tomentose above ; legs hirsute. Carapace
broad, smooth behind, areolate in front and ornamented with
about twenty small subspiniform red tubercles, three of them
being approximated in the middle line. Antero-lateral margin
with five teeth, the first (or angle of the orbit) inconspicuous,
the second inferior, on the sub-hepatic region ; the third distant
from the angle of the orbit ; the three posterior rather con-
spicuous. Eront rather narrow, the margin denticulate, scarcely
emarginate in the middle. Orbit with the upper margin three
to four-toothed ; the lower six-toothed. Chelipedes robust, the
carpus and the hand sparsely granulated above and externally,
the granules prominent ; the larger hand smooth below. [£?.]

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens ; Griffiths' Point, "Western Port.
(W. A. H.)

The frontal lobes in this species vary very much in their
degree of prominence.

113. Pilumnus fimbriatus. Plate i., fig. 4. A.M.

Pilumnus Jimbri at us, Milne- Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i.,
p. 416.

Carapace little convex, without spines on the antero-lateral
borders ; the regions more distinct than in the following species,
scarcely hairy above, but ornamented all round with a border of
long silky hairs. Legs ornamented with long hairs, but on their

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. G7

borders only. Lower orbital border feebly incised externally ;
third joint of the external maxillipedes scarcely truncate.
Length five lines. [M.-E.~\

Australia (Mus. Paris) ; Port Molle, on coral reefs. (W. A.H.)

I refer to this species a Pilumnus obtained on the reefs at
Port Molle, which conforms pretty well to Milne-Edwards' brief
description. The antero-lateral regions of the carapace and the
chelipedes are ornamented with numerous granulations. The
hairs on the edges of the carapace are not very numerous, but
very long (about fths of an inch) ; the merus of the ambulatory
legs has a thin entire crest above. This species belongs to the
same section of the genus as P. inermis.

114. Pilumnus tomentosus.

Pilumnus tomentosus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 418.

Differs from P. vespertilio only in having granulations on all
the lower portion of the hand, and by the character of the hairs
which constitute a sort of very short fur ; body blackish brown ;
fingers blackish. [M.S.]

Australia.

115. Pilumnus cursor.

Pilumnus cursor, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. ix.,
p. 214, pi. ix., fig. 4,

Carapace sub-quadrilateral, little convex, slightly granular and
covered with a short pubescence. Regions scarcely indicated.
Front formed of two rounded deflexed and prominent lobes,
separated from the orbital angles by a fissure. Antero-lateral
borders armed with three sharp spines situated behind the
external orbital angle. Postero-lateral borders nearly straight.
Anterior legs with long scattered hairs. Large hand, granular
above and externally, smooth and glabrous below and near the
base of the immobile finger. Small hand entirely covered with
hairs and granulations. Ambulatory legs slender and covered
with long hairs. [A. M.-E.~[

Port Molle. ( W.A.H.) Pound previously at New Caledonia
and Upolu.

GS AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

116. Piluranus terrse-reginse. Plate i., fig. 5. A.M.
Pilumnus terrce-regince, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace convex, ornamented with scattered stiffisli hairs, a
patch of small granulations on the mesobranchial regions, and a
few others on the gastric region. Front rather deeply incised.
Antero-lateral borders with three prominent acute spiniform
teeth behind the orbital angle. Carpus of chelipedes with a few
granules on the outer surface, more prominent on the smaller
chelipede ; hand ornamented with numerous rounded granules
externally, more prominent and pointed on the smaller hand ;
a row of obscure granules on the lower border of the merus and
hand of the smaller chelipede ; two or three obsolescent granules
in the same position in the larger chelipede. Ambulatory legs
with scattered stiffish hairs. Length 7/lGths inch ; breadth
4/16ths. Colour reddish purple on the carapaee ; light red on
the legs ; fingers brown.

PortMolle. (W.A.H.)

The nearest ally of this species appears to be P. purpu/reus,
A. Milne-Edwards, from which it is mainly distinguished by
having the granulations on the carapace always numerous and
small, instead of few and large.

117. Pilumnus vestitus. A.M.
Pilumnus vestitus, Haswell, 1. c.

Allied to the preceding, and resembling it exactly in the form
of the front and the arrangement of the lateral spines or teeth ;
but distinguished from it by having the surface without distinct
granules, and by having the tubercles of the chelipedes few in
number and mostly spiniform. Carapace and legs covered with
stiff yellow hairs. Surface of carapaee mottled with red or
purple. Fingers dark brown. Length 9/lGths of an inch ;
breadth 11/lGths.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

118. Pilumnus fissifrons. Plate i., fig. G.

Pilumnus fissifrons, Stimpson, 1. c, sp. 91 ; Ilellei', Eeise der
Novara, Crust., p. 24.

Body and feet densely and shortly pubescent. Carapaee
rather convex, arcolate anteriorly, bituberculate on both sides ;

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 09

the areolets pubescent, very distinct ; the sulci smooth. Surface
below the hairs smooth. Antero-lateral margin with the teeth
normal, the second sub-hepatic, the three posterior prominent,
acute. Front deeply emarginate or bilobed, the lobes pro-
minent. Orbit with the upper border bi- emarginate, the inferior
border crenulate, the internal angle dentiform, prominent.
Chelipedes unequal, minutely tuberculate above, hand smooth
below. [Stimps.']

Port Jackson.

119. Pilumnus hirsutus. A.M.

Pilumnus hirsutus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philad.,
p. 37 (1858) ; Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1879, p. 31.

Carapace slightly convex, smooth in the middle and behind,
faintly granular in front. Antero-lateral border with three
acute spiniform teeth. Chelipedes very unequal, the right the
larger ; an acute spine on the inner surface of the wrist, outer
surface of wrist granular ; hand of larger chelipede granular
above, smooth externally ; hand of smaller chelipede granular
externally. Ambulatory legs very long, the merus with 3-4
spines on its upper border.

Off Holborn Island, 20 f ath.

A variety of this species (?) from the same locality has the
tubercles on the hands less numerous and less prominent.

120. Pilumnus glaberrimus. A.M.

Pilumnus glaberrimus, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace nearly square, convex, postero-lateral borders nearly
parallel, upper surface smooth, glabrous, with a very few
scattered punctations ; no trace of divisional lines. Front
nearly straight, almost entire, but with a very minute mesial
notch. Antero-lateral margins rather prominent, with four very
obscure low lobes. Orbital borders without teeth. Merus joint
of anterior limbs smooth, triquetrous, with two acute teeth at its
distal end above ; carpus smooth internally and externally, finely
granulous above, its internal and distal angle slightly produced,
propodos much larger in the male than in the female, finely and
closely granular above, its outer surface, in the female, with two
regular longitudinal rows of granules, and below close to the

70 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

inferior margin, an acute ridge, which is continued to near the
extremity of the immobile finger. Borders of the carapace in
the male smooth, or with a few irregular granules. Abdomen
and limbs lined with fringes of long hairs.

Port Jackson.

121. Pilumnus inermis. A.M.

Pilumnus inermis, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace slightly convex, postero-lateral borders converging,
surface smooth behind and in the centre, finely granular on the
front and near the antero-lateral margins. Front convex, entire,
with a slight mesial groove above. Orbital margins not toothed.
Antero-lateral margins with three very obscure notches. Anterior
limbs with the hand much larger in the male than in the female,
very broad in the former, finely and closely granulous above,
nearly smooth externally, but with a few obscure granules and a
low longitudinal ridge near the lower margin ; in the female
finely granular above, on the proximal portion of the outer
surface and below, and with a longitudinal row of granules on
the outer surface close to the lower border, becoming a well-
marked entire ridge on the immobile finger. Anterior granular
portion and anterior border of carapace, granular portion of
anterior legs and borders of ambulatory legs clothed with long
hairs. Length of carapace 5/16ths inch ; breadth |ths inch.

Port Jackson.

Genus Pilumnopeus, A. M.-Edw.

Eesembles Pilumnus, but the carapace and legs are without
the long hairs so characteristic of that genus, the teeth of the
antero-lateral margin are broad (never spinous), and there is an
external orbital hiatus as in Panopeus.

122. Pilumnopeus serratifrons. Plate ii., fig. 1. A.M.

Oxius/ serratifrons, Kinahan, Journ. Eoy. Dublin Soc, i.,
p. 113, pi. iv., fig. 1 (1S50) ; Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 20
(1876).

? Hcteropanope austrahensis, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Philad., Vol. x., sp. S7 (1S5S).

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 71

Carapace very convex, both in the transverse and the antero-
postrior direction, much deflexed in front ; regions well defined ;
surface with four transverse granular ridges, one crossing each
of the hepatic and epi-branchial regions, and one on each meso-
branchial region ; meta-branchial regions granulated laterally.
Front granular, very prominent, bilobed, the lobes rounded, and
separated by an angular cleft. Orbital margin granular above
and with two slight fissures, a deep fissure below the external
angle, external to which on the pterygostomial region is a
tubercular eminence. Internal orbital angle prominent, denti-
form. Antero-lateral borders acute, four-lobed, the first two
lobes low and broad, the last two narrower, tooth-like and sub-
acute; all margined with granules. Arm with an acute spine
above at its distal extremity. Wrist granular, with an acute
spine at its antero-internal angle with a low blunt prominence
below it. Hand granular, very broad, the right larger than the
left ; fingers of the former very stout, the mobile one with two
broad teeth, the immobile one with two rounded teeth and a few
small tubercles ; fingers of left hand more slender than those of
right, and with more numerous and smaller teeth. Ambulatory
legs hairy. Length 15/16ths inch ; breadth 1| inch.

Port Philip ; Port Jackson. Found also in New Zealand.

The size of the frontal lobes varies much in different
individuals.

Genus Hexapus, De Haan.

Carapace dilated-quadrate, convex in the middle. Antenna?
very short. Anterior legs short and thick. Ambulatory legs
only six in number. Abdomen of the male seven-jointed.

123. Hexapus sexpes. A.M.

Cancer sexpes, Fabr., Entom. Syst. Suppl., p. 311.

Hexapus sexpes, De Haan, Faun. Jap., Crust., p. 63, pi. xi.,
fig. 6 ; A. Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. ix., 253,
pi. xii., fig. 1.

Carapace very wide ; antero-lateral borders arched, regions
indistinct, sides very finely granulated, a granular line extending
from the external orbital angle to the base of the last pair of
legs. On eaidi side of the buccal orifice are five or six small

72 AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRXCA.

parallel crests. Surface covered with a short pubescence.
Ocular peduncles thick and little mobile. Ambulatory legs
thick and strong, last pair the largest.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens ; dredged in a few fathoms.
Found also in Japan and New Caledonia.

Genus Melia, Latr.

Carapace sub-quadrate, almost flat ; front broad, the eyes
situated towards the angles. Basal joint of the antennae
cylindrical, not reaching the front. Ambulatory legs slender.

121. Melia ? brevipes. Plate i., fig. 7. A.M.

Melia ? brevipes, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace smooth, broader than long, convex, especially in its
anterior half. Pront not deflexed, margin entire, slightly arched.
Lateral borders slightly arched anteriorly, with an acute tooth
directed forward near the antero-lateral angle. Third joint of
the external maxillipede notched at its antero-internal angle for
articulation with the fourth joint. Anterior legs stout, wrist
with an acute tooth internally ; hand smooth, with a deep groove
close to its lower border at the distal extremity ; upper finger
also canaliculated externally. Ambulatory legs rather short,
smooth, and with a few hairs above and below. Length
7/16ths inch ; breadth | inch.

Griffiths' Point, "Western Port. (W.A.H.)

Genus Actumnus, Dana.

Carapace a little transverse, very convex, the surface curving
downwards anteriorly and at the sides. Basal joint of the
antennae only joining a process of the front. Fingers spoon-
excavate.

125. Actumnus pugilator. A.M.

Actumnus puf/ihrfor, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., ix.,
p. 195, pi. vii., fig. 1.

Carapace narrow, very convex and smooth ; regions distinct ;
front bilobed, deflexed and rounded in front. Antero-lateral
borders divided into three principal teeth (without reckoning
the oi'bital angle) in front of which is a small denticle. Larger
chelipede short and very massive; hand with a series of five

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 73

large, regularly arranged, pearl-like tubercles on its upper border;
with five very prominent longitudinal crests externally, separated
by deep grooves, and each ornamented with a row of close-set
tubercles ; and witb isolated granulations on the under surface.
Fingers very short and granular ; carpus with a row of granu-
lations, and with other scattered tubercles on its upper surface.
Ambulatory legs smooth. [A. M.-Edw.~\

Darnley Island (Macleay Museum), Port Molle, fourteen
fathoms (W. A. H., H.M.S. "Alert."). Found originally in
New Caledonia.

Unlike that described by Milne-Edwards, the Australian speci-
mens have the anterior portion of the carapace tomentose, and
the ambulatory legs are ornamented above with rows of strong
hairs.

12G. Actumnus tomentosus. A.M.

Actumnus tomentosus, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 211, pi. xiv., fig. 2.

Carapace narrow, very convex and sub-globular, very minute
tomentose, anterior portion in part faint areolate ; front emar-
ginate ; antero-lateral margin very short, four-lobed ; postero-
lateral margin concave, smooth. Anterior feet stout, sub-equal,
tomentose like the carapace, minutely tuberculate ; fingers short,
not gaping. Last pair of legs sub-dorsal.

Albany Passage, near Cape York. (W. A. H.)

Sub-Family Eripli Unas.
Orbit well closed below, without internal hiatus, basal joint of
the antennae altogether excluded from the orbit. Carapace
either a little transverse or sub-quadrate.

Genus Euppellia, Edwards.
Carapace rather broad. Flagellum of the antennae very little
removed from the orbit. Third joint of the external maxillipedes
a little transverse.

127. Ruppellia annulipes. A.M.

Ruppellia annulipes, Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i., p. 122.

? Ruppellia annulipes ? Dana, U. IS. Explor. Expcd., Crust.,
Vol. i., p. 216, pi. xiv., fig. 1.

7-4 AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRACA.

No fissures nor teeth on the superior and inferior borders of
the orbit. Front much inclined downwards, less deeply toothed
than in R. tenax, and marked with a small transverse groove ; a
small horizontal crest on the teeth of the antero-lateral borders
of the carapace ; anterior legs smooth. Length ten lines ;
Colour whitish, with rose-coloured bands on the legs. [M.-Edw.']

"Woodlark Island, Louisiade Archipelago.

The present specimen agrees in all points with Milne-Edwards'
description (except that the colouring is entirely lost) ; it differs
from Dana's figure in having no distinct line running inwards
from the last tooth of the antero-lateral margin.

Grenus Pararuppellia, Haswell.

Carapace as in Rv/ppellia. Basal joint of the antenna1
extremely short, not nearly reaching the front; second joint
stout, touching the front ; flagellum entirely excluded from the
orbit by the union of the lower orbital border with the front.

128. Pararupellia saxicola. A.M.

Pararupellia saxicola, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace convex, very minutely granular. Front prominent,
sex-dentate, the two median teeth more prominent and much
broader than the lateral, truncate. Orbital margin finely
granular ; upper border with two fissures, an obtuse lobe at its
inner end ; outer angle with two blunt teeth ; lower border with
a rounded lobe near its inner angle. Antero-lateral margin thin,
granular, divided by two wide notches into three low broad lobes,
of which the first is the narrowest and the second the broadest ;
behind this a prominent acute tooth directed forwards and
outwards, its anterior border continued on the carapace as a,
granular ridge for a short distance. Anterior legs extremely
large and swollen in the male ; wrist minutely granular and
punctate, with a few larger granules on its distal border, a strong
tooth-like process at its inner and distal angle ; hands unequal,
the larger (in the male) longer than the carapace, the breadth
about half the length, minutely granular and punctate above,
punctate alone below ; a row of punctations forming a longi-
tudinal groove on the lower and distal portion of the outer
surface of the hand, continued on the immobile finger ; mobile

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 75

finger finely granular above close to its insertion, with a short
groove on either side ; a rounded lobe at the base of the cutting
edge, and four or five low teeth ; immobile finger with a large
lobe and one or two low rounded teeth ; fingers of smaller hand
each with a row of sub-equal rounded teeth. Ambulatory legs
hairy on the borders. Length of carapace 2^- in. ; breadth 3 in.

Port Essington, collected by Mr. Alex. Morton ; Port Curtis,
common under stones ; Port Molle (AY. A. H.)

Genus Eriphia, Latr.

Carapace narrow, convex, front generally much deflexed.
Plagellum of antennae far removed from the orbit. Third joint
of the external maxillipedes a little transverse.

129. Eriphia laevimana. A.M.

Eriphia Icevimana, Latr. ; Giu'rin, Icon. Cr., p. Ill, fig. 1 ;
M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust, i., p. 127 (1831) ; Dana, U.S. Explor.
Exped., Crust., i., p. 219, pi. xiv., fig. 7 ; A. M.-Edw., Xouv.
Arch, du Mus., t. ix., p. 255 ; Miers, Ann. Mag. N.H. (5), v.,
p. 13, (1880).

Eriphia trapeziformis, Hess, Arch. f. ]Naturg. xxxi., p. 135,
pl.vi., fig. 4 (1865).

Very thick. Carapace anteriorly much deflexed ; antero-lateral
region not areolated in any part, granulous ; front between the
antennso two-lobed, 3-4-toothed, teeth short, obtuse ; orbital
margin above denticulate, externally bi-dentate, antero-lateral
margin with five or six teeth (teeth of orbit excluded), teeth
small, hardly acute, the posterior granuliform. Anterior feet
very stout, unequal, nude, smooth, both fingers of large hand
having a very stout basal tooth.

Port Darwin ; Port Denison, etc.

Genus Trapezia, Latr.

Carapace sub-quadrate, plane, smooth ; front horizontal with
0-8-teeth, or sinuous ; lateral borders longitudinal. Tarsi not
unguiculate, minutely spinulose. Arm extending far beyond
the carapace.

76 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

130. Trapezia cymodoce. A.M.

Cancer cymodoce, Herbst, Krabben und Krebse, iii. (2), p. 22,
pi. li., fig. 5 (1801).

Trapezia dentifrons, Latr., Encycl. Method., x., p. 095 (1825) ;
M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 428 (1831).

Trapezia hirtipes, Jaeq. & Lucas, Voy. Pole Sud, Zool., iii.,
Crust., p. 44, pi. iv., fig. 14 (1853).

Trapezia ccerulea, Heller, Sitzungsb. Berlin Akad., p. 348
(1861), uec Iiiippell.

Trapezia cymodoce, Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5),
Vol. ii., p. 409.

Carapace without red spots or reticulating lines. Front with
six more or less distinct teeth. Lateral margin with an acute
spine in the middle. Hand sub-cristate above and below and
hairy on its outer surface.

Port Denison ; Claremont Islands.

Family III. TORTUNID^.

Carapace depressed, usually more or less hexagonal in shape,
never very convex. Anterolateral margins with well-defined
acute teeth. Inner ramus of the first (innermost) pair of
maxillipedes with an internal lobe. Margin of the efferent
branchial channel usually defined by a longitudinal ridge on
each side of the prelabial plate or palate. Fifth pair of ambula-
tory legs natatorial, their terminal joint oval, expanded, and
lamellate.

G-enus Neptunus, He Haan.

Carapace very wide, with transverse granulous lines. Latero-
anterior margins with nine or more teeth (including the external
orbital angle), the last tooth much the longest. Front wide and
divided into five or six teeth. Flagellum of external antenna1
placed in the internal orbital hiatus. External maxillipedes
short. Anterior legs long, arm with acute tubercles upon the
anterior margin ; hand nearly prismatic, with longitudinal ridges
giving rise above to spiniform tubercles. Thigh of the swimming
legs with the lower margin usually destitute of spines.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 77

131. Neptunus pelagicus. A.M.
Cancer pelagicus, Linn., Syst. Nat., (cd. xii.) p. 1042 (17G6).
Lupea pelagica, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 450 (1834).

Neptunus pelagicus, A. M.-Edw. (part), Archiv. Mus. Hist.
Nat, x., p. 320 (1861) ; Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), xvii.,
p. 221 (1866) ; Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 25 (1876).

Carapace wide, with very coarse granulations, without tubercles
on the gastric and cardiac regions. Teeth of the lateral margins
short, wide at the base, ninth epibranchial spine long, acute.
Eront six-toothed, the median teeth smaller but never obsolete.
Orbits divided above into three lobes by two deep fissures, the
middle lobe with a small spine at its external angle. Anterior
legs very long and slender. Anterior margin of the arm with
three, four, or even five spines ; there is also a single spine at the
extremity of the posterior margin. Wrist with an acute spine
upon its inner, and a similar smaller spine upon its outer surface.
Hand usually very long and slender, with three spines, two
placed above the base of the mobile finger, and one over the
articulation of the hand with the wrist.

Eastern Australia. A common species in the Sydney market.
Very widely distributed in the Oriental Region.

132. Neptunus sanguinolentus.

Cancer sanguinolentus, Herbst, Krabben u. Krebse, i., p. 161,
pi. viii., figs. 56-57 (1796).

Portunus sanguinolentus, Eabr., Ent. Syst. Suppl., p. 367 (1798).

Lupea sanguinolenta, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 451
(1834) ; Eegne animal de C, Atlas, pi. x., fig. 1.

Neptunus sanguinolentas, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus.,
x., p. 319 (1861) ; Miers, Cat. N.Z. Crust., p. 26 (1876).

Carapace slightly convex, finely granulous, with moderately
prominent lines upon the gastric region. Latero-anterior margins
very long and oblique, lateral spine very long and acute. Eront
with six teeth, the two middle very small, the next long and
acute, the outermost short and obtuse. Orbital margin straight,
with two small fissures. Anterior legs long and slender, arm
with three or four spines upon the anterior margin, but without
a spine at the extremity of the posterior margin. "Wrist with a

78 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

spine on its outer surface, and a larger one at its antero- internal
angle. Hands with two spines above, one on the inner margin
above the base of the mobile finger, and another on the outer
margin above the articulation with the wrist. Ambulatory legs
flattened, and of moderate length. Colour reddish yellow, with
three large circular spots of bright red with a pale margin on
the posterior half of the carapace, and others upon the legs.

Port Jackson ; Moreton Bay, etc. Found also in New
Zealand, and throughout the Indian Ocean and Eastern
Archipelago.

133. Neptunus tomentosus. A.M.

Neptunus tomentosus, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace slightly convex, finely granular and short-tomentose;
shape approaching that of Amphitrite ; breadth about once and
a half the length. Front quadridentate, the teeth rounded, the
median rather more prominent and rather narrower than the
outer, separated by a deep fissure. Upper orbital margin with
two fissures. Antero-lateral borders with eight acute forward-
curved teeth, the last nearly twice as long as the others.
Anterior border of arm with three acute teeth ; posterior border
unarmed. Wrist strongly ridged, with a very long acute spine
internally, and two short acute spines externally ; hand strongly
ridged, with one spine at the base, and two above the articulation
of the mobile finger. Fingers of both hands with small sub-
equal teeth.

Port Jackson.

This species is closely allied to Lupa pubescens of Dana (U.S.
Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 274, pi. xvi., fig. 9), but differs from
it in having the frontal teeth rounded, the median pair being a
little more prominent than the others, in having the last tooth of
the lateral margin relatively shorter, and in wanting the stout
basal tooth on the mobile finger.

Grenus Scylla, De Haan.

Carapace very wide, and rather convex. Latero-anterior
margins with nine teeth, the ninth similar to the preceding,
liasal joint of the external antennae large, flagellum inserted in
the internal orbital hiatus. Epistome well developed, anterior

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 79

margin of the buccal cavity separated by a transverse groove
from the posterior margin of the antennary region. Anterior
legs short and robust ; hand without longitudinal ridges.

134. Scylla serrata. A.M.

Cancer serratus, Forskal.

Cancer olivaceus, Herbst, Krabben u. Tvrebse, ii., p. 157,
pi. xxxviii., fig. 3 (1796),

Portunus tranquebaricus, Fabr., Ent. Syst., Suppl., p. 3GG
(1798).

Lxipea iranqucbarica, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 418
(1834).

Lupea lolifrons, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 453 (1831).

Scylla serrata, De Haan, Faun. Japon., Crust., p. 44 (1834).

Scylla tranquebarica, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped. xiii., Crust.,
part i., p. 270 (1852).

Scylla serrata, A. M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat., xiv., (4) p. 252,
pi. i., ii. (1SG0) ; Nouv. Arch, du Mus., x., p. 319 (18G1) ;
Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 27 (1876).

Carapace convex, nearly smooth, very finely granulated ; the
lines on the gastric and branchial regions distinct. Latero-
anterior margins very long. Front with six large flat teeth.
Anterior legs very robust, arm trigonous, with three spines upon
the anterior, and two upon the posterior margin. Wrist with
an acute spine at its antero-internal angle, and two small spines
upon its external surface. Hand very large, with three spines
above, two above the base of the mobile finger, and one over
the articulation with the wrist, Colour olive brown.

Port Jackson ; Port Denisou, etc. A species of very wide
range, much used for food.

*&^5

Genus Thalamita, Latreille.

Carapace almost quadrilateral and very wide. Frontal margin
very broad, occupying with the orbits nearly the whole width of
the carapace. Latero-anterior margins forming nearly a right
angle with the front, with only four or five teeth. Basal joint
of the external antennae very large, flagellum excluded from the

80 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

orbit. Anterior legs armed with spines. Fifth pair of legs
-with a spine upon the inferior margin of the thigh.

135. Thalamita sima.

Thalamita sima, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i„ p. 460 (1834) ;
A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus. ix., p. 359 (1861) ; Miers,

Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 28 (1876).

Thalamita arcuatus, De Haan, Faun. Japon., Crust., p. 43,
pi. ii., fig. 2, and pi. xiii., fig. 1 (1835).

Carapace clothed with short hairs and with prominent naked
transverse lines. Antero-lateral margins five-toothed, the fifth
tooth slightly longer than the rest. Front four-toothed, the two
median teeth very wide, and separated by a very narrow median
fissure, the two lateral much smaller, with the front margin
arcuate. Basal joint of the antenna? with a smooth entire ridge.

Eastern Coast.

136. Thalamita Stimpsoni. A.M.

Thalamita Stimpsoni, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. x.,
p. 362, pi. xxxv., fig. 4.

Carapace with prominent transverse lines sometimes clothed
with short hairs, sometimes nearly naked. Front with six broad
rounded teeth (not including the internal orbital angle). Antero-
lateral margins with five prominent acute teeth, of which the
fourth is usually shorter than the rest. Basal joint of the
antenna? with a granulated ridge.

Port Denison, etc. Found also in New Caledonia.

137- Thalamita prymna.

Cancer prymna, Herbst, Krabben u. Ivrebse, pi. lvii., fig. 2.

Thalamita prymna, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des Crust., i.,
p. 461 ; De Haan, Faun. Japon., Crust., p. 43, pi. xii., fig. 2 ;
A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. x., p. 360.

Thalamita crassimana, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 284, pi. xvii., fig. 4.

A near ally of the preceding, but distinguished from it by
having a row of sharp spines on the basal joint of the antennae.

AUSTRALIAN' MALACOSTRACA. 81

138. Thalamita crucifera.

Portunus crucifer, Fabr., Suppl., p. 361 ; Herbst, pi. xxxviii.,
fig. 1 ; Latr., Hist. Nat. des Crust, t. vi., p. 31 ; Encycl., t. x.,
p. 191, etc.

Thalamita crucifera, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. des Crust., t. i.,
p. 462.

Carapace smooth or a little ridged, and more than twice as
> long as its fronto-orbital border. Front deeply cleft and armed
with eight large obtuse teeth. Lateral teeth short, broad, and as
it were truncate ; the first (that constituting the external orbital
angle) cleft at the end so as to appear bifid. Hands nearly of
the length of the carapace, and armed above with four thick
spines ; fingers deeply grooved and armed with thick compressed
teeth. Colour reddish, with yellow spots and bands, of which
the median represent a cross.

Port Jackson. Found also in the Indian Ocean.

Crenus Nectocaecinus, A. M.-Edw.

Antero-lateral margins four-toothed, regions well-marked.
Front prominent, entire or lobed. Orbits small. Basal joint of
the external antenna? straight, narrow, and uniting with the
front. Anterior legs short and robust. Abdomen of the male
four-jointed.

139. Nectocarcinus integrifrons. A.M.

Portunus integrifrons, Latr., Encycl., x., p. 102 (1825) ;
M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i., p. 415 (1831).

Nectocarcinus melanodactylus, A. M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat.
(ser. 4), xiv., p. 220 (1860).

Nectocarcinus integrifrons, A. M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat. (ser. 4),
xiv., p. 220 (1860) ; Nouv. Arch, du Mus., x., p. 406, pi. xxxviii.
(1861) ; Miers, Zool. " Erebus and Terror," Crust., p. 2, pi. i.,
fig. 3 (1874) ; Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 30 (1876).

Carapace but slightly convex, and granulous. Regions dis-
tinctly defined. Front wide, arched, and entire. Antero-lateral
margins with four teeth, of which the first is the widest, and
the fourth small and acute. Anterior legs covered with squamous
lines and closely placed granules ; wrist with an acute spine ;

82 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

hand not carinate ; with a small spine above the base of the
mobile finger. Fingers strongly carinate.

Port Jackson ; Tasmania. Found also in New Zealand.

140. Nectocarcinus tuberculosus.

Nectocarcinus tuberculosus, A. M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat. (4),
t. xiv., p. 220 ; Miers, Zool. " Erebus and Terror," Crust., p. 2.

Distinguished by having numerous sub-spiniform tubercles
on the anterior portions of the gastric and branchial regions,
the hands, and carpi, and by having the front divided into two
truncated, finely denticulated lobes. [M.~J£.~\

Tasmania.

Genus Caphyra, Giu'rin.

Carapace smooth above. External angle of the basal joint of
the external antenna? prolonged into the internal orbital hiatus ;
fiagellum excluded from the orbit. Internal antenna- folded
almost transversely under the front, their basal joint very thick.
Third joint of the external maxillipedes truncated for the
insertion of the fourth joint. Fingers of the chelipedes with
trenchant borders. Last pair of ambulatory legs elevated on
the back, with the terminal joint sharp and a little hooked.
[A. M.-JE.']

141. Caphyra octodentata.

Caphyra octodentata, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace colourless, thin, smooth, and shining. Front notched
mesially, divided into four pairs of teeth, of which one occupies
the internal orbital angles, and is separated from the inner three
by wide angular fissures. Antero-lateral borders with four
acute teeth ; a very obscure raised line crossing the carapace
inwards and slightly backwards from the last tooth. Merus of
chelipedes with three or four small acute teeth on its inner
border ; carpus with an acute prominent spine above ; propodos
carinated above, the carina divided into two teeth, of which the
posterior is very acute ; external surface of the propodos with
an acute spine at its base.

Palm Island (east coast of Queensland), (Macleay Museum).

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 83

This species is allied to C. Icevis, A. Milne-Edwards, but differs
from it in having only four teeth on each lateral border ; from
C. rotund if rons, of the same author, it differs in having the front
dentate, and from C. poiita, Heller, in not having a ridge on the
gastric region, besides other points.

Genus Lissocarcinus, White.
Carapace sub- orbicular, smooth, sub-porcellanous. Front pro-
duced. Basal joint of the antenna? short, the following joint
scarcely remote from the orbit. Legs naked ; the anterior pair
short, the arm scarcely reaching beyond the carapace ; hand very
short.

142. Lissocarcinus polybioid.es. A.M.
Lissocarcimos poli/hioides, Adams & White, Voy. of H.M.S.

"Samarang," Crust., p. 46, pi. xi., fig. 5.

Carapace five-sided, produced in front, narrowed behind, very
smooth on the upper surface ; a strong line extending from the
antero-lateral angle across the carapace towards the middle line.
Front lamellar, produced, obscurely emarginate, its sides straight.
Antero-lateral margins with four well-marked teeth behind the
external orbital angle. . Anterior legs with the hand bicarinate
above, the outer carina ending in a tooth.

Port Jackson.

Grenus Amphitrite, De Haan.
Carapace rather narrow, the frontal and antero-lateral margins
meeting at an angle which is usually spiniform, the antero-lateral
rarely shorter than the postero-lateral. Flagellum of antenna*
not exclnded from the orbit ; basal joint thick, scarcely narrower
than the orbital hiatus.

143. Amphitrite tenuipes. A.M.
Amphitrite tenuipes, De Haan, Faun. .Tap., Crust, p. 39, pi. i.,

fig. 4.

Front with five teeth, the central one scarcely smaller than
the rest. Teeth of the sides short. Posterior spine recurved.
Arm with the internal carina 3-dentate ; carpus uni-dentate on
each side and at the apex ; hand trigonal, bicostate externally.

Port Denison ; Darnley Island.

84 AUSTRALIAN MALA.COSTRACA.

144. Amphitrite gladiator.

Portunus gladiator, Fabr., Suppl. ; Latr., Encycl., t. x.,
p. 189, etc.

Cancer menestho, Herbst, pi. 1\\, h£. 3.

Lupea gladiator, M.-Eclw., Hist. Xat. Crust., t. i., p. 456.

Amphitrite gladiator, DeHaan, Faun. Jap., Crust., p. 39, pi. i.,
fig. 5, and p. 65, pi. xviii., fig. 1.

Front with six teeth, the two median teeth lower. Lateral
teeth acute. Arm quadri-dentate internally, carpus uni-dentate
on each side and at the apex. Hand uui-costate internally,
quinque-costate externally, transversely plicate below.

Palm Island.

Family IV. PLATYOXYCIIIBA1.

Carapace rarely hexagonal, more or less rounded on the sides,
often longer than broad. Teeth of the anterolateral margins
well-defined, acute. Inner ramus of the first pair of maxillipedes
simple. Abdomen narrow at base. Margin of the efferent
branchial channel not defined by a longitudinal ridge on each
side of the pre-labial plate or palate. Fifth pair of legs
natatorial, their terminal joint oval, expanded, and lamellate.

Genus Platyontchus, Latr.

Carapace broader than long, smooth above, antero-lateral
margins regularly five-toothed. Front narrow, dentate, not
produced. Orbits wide, with a large internal hiatus. Anterior
legs large, the hands long, costate externally. Next three pairs
of legs with the tarsi lanceolate, compressed.

145. Platyonychus bipustulatus. A.M.

Platyoiii/cJius lipustulatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., i.,
p. 437, pl.xvii., figs. 7-10; A. M.-Edw., Nouy. Arch. Ju Mus.,
x., p. 413; Miers, Zool. "Erebus and Terror," Crust., p. 2, pi. i.,
fig. 1 (1874) ; Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 32 (1876).

Anisopus punctatus, De Haan, Faun. Japon., Crust., p. 44,
pi. ii., fig. 1 (1835).

Plat ijoni/chus purpureas, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 291,' pi. xviii., fig. 3 (1852).

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 85

Antero-lateral margin with five wide teeth. Front with four
small teeth, the middle ones more prominent than the lateral.
Wrist with a spine at its autero-internal angle. Hand strongly
carinate, the carinas granulous, with a small spine above the
middle finger on the inner side. Colour yellowish, with very
close purple punctuations on the hinder part of the branchial
and hepatic regions.

Port Jackson, etc. Found also in New Zealand, the Indian
and Japanese Seas, and the Coast of China.

Family V. TELPHTJSID^.

General shape of the carapace as in the GrapsoiJca. Front
broad. Borders arched. Inhabitants of fresh water.

Genus Telpiiusa, Latr.

Third joint of the external maxillipedes sub-quadrate, much
shorter than the second, the fourth joint inserted at its internal
apical angle.

146. Telpiiusa transversa. A.M.

Telphusa transversa, E. von Martens, Monatsber. Akad. AViss.
Berl., 1868, p. GOO.

Carapace notably broader than long, swollen, thickly punctate,
with only faint traces of a post-frontal crest. Frontal border
only slightly concave in the middle. Behind the dentiform
external orbital angle only one small blunt tooth ; the rest of
the lateral border scarcely notably carinated ; the oblique grooves
begin in the middle of its length. Abdomen of the male
narrowing tolerably regularly ; the ante-penultimate joint with
converging, and only the penultimate with parallel lateral
borders ; the last joint somewhat broader than long. Hands
without furrows at ridges ; a few obscure tubercles on the upper
border of the palmar portion ; the impressed points on the sides
of the fingers arranged in longitudinal rows. Fingers not
gaping. \_E. von 31.]

Cape York (Darnel) ; Thursday Isld. (W. A. H.)

Family VI. GOJVOPLACIDJE.

Carapace transverse. Front longer than the fourth part of
the breadth of the carapace, little deflexed, lamellate. Internal

80 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

antenna? transverse. Second joint of the abdomen of the male
narrower than the contiguous part of the sternum.

Fourth joint of the external maxillipedes inserted at the
internal angle of the third joint. [_D.]

Genus Eucrate, De Haan.
Carapace arcuate anteriorly, scarcely sloping downwards.
Verges of the male inserted on the sternum, and hidden by the
abdomen. Anterior legs of the male short, thick. Eyes short.
Abdomen of the male 5-jointed, scarcely narrower towards the
base than the contiguous part of the sternum. [D.~\

147. Eucrate afflnis. A.M.

Eucrate affinis, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W., Vol. vi.

Carapace smooth, convex ; a faint mesial frontal furrow
bifurcated behind so as to bound the anterior portion of the
protogastric region ; two slight ridge-like elevations near the
antero-lateral border, and another running obliquely parallel to
the postero-lateral border. Front straight, faintly notched in
the middle. Inner orbital angle acute. Antero-lateral borders
with four teeth, each of which is carinated. Anterior legs (in
the male) dilated ; arm with a strong tooth above near its distal
end, separated distally by a transverse groove from a second
lower transverse elevation ; wrist with a small tooth at the distal
and internal angle, very hairy externally ; hand smooth, with a
longitudinal ridge close to the inferior border, and two rounded
elevations between the bases of the fingers. Ambulatory legs
long and slender, the three terminal joints hairy above and
below. Length fths inch ; breadth § inch.

Off Holborn Island, near Port Denison, 20 fathoms.

This species is a near ally of E. crenatus, De Haan, but is
distinguished from it by the presence of the short ridges on the
lateral portions of the carapace, by the shape of the lateral teeth,
and the acutencss of the internal orbital angle.

'O'

148. Eucrate sexdentatus. A.M.

Eucrate sexdentatus, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace convex, faintly granular at the sides, without ridges
or grooves. Front as in the preceding species. Internal orbital

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 87

angle not conspicuous. Antero-lateral margin threc-toothecl,
teeth not carinated, the last spinous, separated by a slight
interval from the second. Anterior legs nearly as in the pre-
ceding species, but the second elevation on the upper border of
the arm inconspicuous, and the tooth on the wrist more prominent
and acute ; ambulatory legs with fewer and shorter hairs.
Carapace with about twenty red spots. Length fths inch ;
breadth 7/lGths.

Off Holborn Island, Port Denison, 20 fath.

Sub-Tribe Catametopa or GrRAPSomEA.
Carapace broad in front, often sub-quadrate, sometimes sub-
globose, transverse or arcuate anteriorly, never rostrate. Branchiae
usually fewer than nine in number. Epistome very short, often
almost linear. Efferent channel as in the Oxyrhyncha. Fourth
joint of the external maxillipedes inserted at the apex or at the
antero- external angle of the third joint. Male genital appen-
dages either inserted in the sternum itself, or in the basal joint
of the last pair of legs, thence lying in a channel in the
sternum. [_D.]

Family I. MACROPHTHALMID^.

Carapace subquadrate, generally transverse, broadest in front,
with the anterior angles acute, the sides not arcuate. Eyes not
shorter than one-third of the width of the carapace. Internal
antennae transverse, or longitudinal. Third joint of the external
maxillipedes never marked with an oblique piliferous crest.
Second joint of the abdomen in the male narrower than the
adjacent part of the sternum. [_Z).]

Sub- Family Macroplithalmince.
Internal antennae transverse, placed beneath the front. External
antenna? applied to the base of the front. Eourth joint of the
external antenna? not concealed. [_D.]

Grenus Macrophthalmtts, Latr.

Carapace broad, transversely rectangular. Eront very narrow.
Eyes very long. Third joint of the external maxillipedes much
shorter than the second. Chelipedes not twice the length of the
carapace.

88 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

149. Macrophthalmus podophthalmus. A.M.
Macrophthalmus podophthalmus, Eydoux ct Souleyet, Toy. dc

la Bonite, Crust., pi. 3, fig. 6 • Milne-Edwards, Ann. des Sci.
Nat., (3me. serie) t. xviii., p. 155.

Eye-stalks extending beyond the external orbital angle by
about bait" their length. Carapace broad, slightly granulated
on the branchial regions. Eront rather broad, more than one-
fourth of the total breadth. Lateral borders with three spinous
teeth. Anterior legs in female small, smooth. \_H.-E.~]

Holborn Island, near Port Denison. Eound originally at the
Sandwich Islands.

150. Macrophthalmus carinimanus. A.M.

Macrophthalmus carinimanus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii.,
p. 65 ; Ann. des Sci. Nat. (3me serie) tome xviii., p. 150.

Carapace more than twice as broad as long, strongly grooved
above, very granular, and having two verrucose tubercles on each
branchial region. Eye peduncles scarcely as long as the orbits.
Hands very long, rounded and granular above, and ornamented
with a small linear crest on the lower part of their outer
face. [M.-K]

Holborn Island ; Port Jackson. Eound also at Pondicherry
and the Isle of Erance.

151. Macrophthalmus afflnis. A.M.

Macrophthalmus affinis, Ghierin, Voy. de la Eavorite, p. 171,
pi. l., fig. 1 ; and Mag. de Zool, cl. vii., pi. 21, fig. 1 (1839) ;
M.-Edw., Ann. des Sci. Nat. (3me serie), t. xviii., p. 158 (1852).

A specimen from Holborn Island, which I refer with some
doubt to this species, has the carapace sub-quadrate, a little
broader than long and covered with granulations. The eye-
stalks are a little shorter than the orbits, and the lateral borders
are three-toothed, the third tooth being small. The anterior legs
are rather short, the hands unarmed, smooth externally, and with
a faint longitudinal linear depression close to the lower border,
the lingers are nearly straight with scarcely any space between
them when closed, the mobile finger has a broad low elevation
on its inner border. There are fringes of hairs on the borders
of the carapace and legs.

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 89

152. Macrophthalmus Verreauxi.

Macrophthalmus Verreauxi, M.-Edw., Ann. des Sci. Nat. (3me
serie), t. xviii., p. 155, pi. iv., fig. 25.

Eye-stalks extending beyond the external orbital angle by
about half their length. Carapace very broad and distinctly
granular on the branchial regions. Lateral teeth of the carapace
flattened. Anterior legs of moderate length. [M.-E.]

Australia (Paris Museum).

This species is nearly allied to M. podophthalmus.

153. Macrophthalmus crassipes.
Macrophthalmus crassipes, Milne-Edwards, 1. c, p. 157.
Nearly allied to M. earinimanus, but having the orbits directed

more obliquely, and the anterior legs much shorter and thicker ;
a row of small granular tubercles along the upper border of the
hand. [M.-E.]

Australia (Paris Museum).

154. Macrophthalmns setosus. A.M.
Macrophthalmus setosus, Milne-Edwards, 1. c, p. 159.
Carapace broader than in M.japonicus, or 31. depress us, the

orbits oblique. Ambulatory legs, arm, and inner surface of the
hands ornamented with long silky hairs. \_M.-E.~]
Australia (Paris Museum) ; Port Jackson, common.

155. Macrophthalmus convexus.

Macrophthalmus convexus, StimpsoD, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Philad., p. 97 (1858) ; Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat Hist. (5)
Vol. v., p. 307 (1880).

Carapace less than twice as broad as long, coarsely granulated
on the sides, antero-lateral angles spiniform and prominent, a
second tooth behind. Eye-peduncles not quite reaching to the
end of the antero-lateral teeth ; anterior legs in the male with
the inner margins of the arm and wrist granulated, hand rounded
and finely granulated on its upper margin, with a longitudinal
granulated line on its outer surface close to the lower margin ;
lower finger deflexed, but not so abruptly as in M. earinimanus,
and the fingers enclosing a much narrower space when closed.

90 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

Ambulatory legs with a very small spine, sometimes obsolete,
near the distal end of the upper margin of the merus. Length
7 lines ; breadth at second marginal tooth 13 lines. [Miers.~\

Australia (Brit. Museum).

156. Macrophthalmus latifrons. A.M.

Macroplithalmus latifrons, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace about once and a half as broad as long ; surface very
finely granulate. Front broad, about one-fourth of the total
breadth. Orbits nearly transverse. Lateral borders arched,
with three teeth separated by deep fissures, the first two broad,
the third small. Anterior limbs in the male very large, finely
granular like the carapace ; hand unarmed, with a granular raised
line on the outer surface near the lower border. Immobile
finger much bent downwards, regularly denticulated on its inner
edge ; inner edge of mobile finger with a denticulated elevation
near the base. Inner surface of the arm, edge of carapace, and
basal joints of legs, with scattered slender hairs ; a thicker
coating on the fourth and fifth joints of the ambulatory legs.
Length of carapace fths inch ; greatest breadth 1-J-th inch.

Port Philip.

Genus Ommatocarcinus, "White.

Carapace much wider than long, the antero- lateral angles
prolonged into a prominent, laterally-directed spine ; interocular
region narrow ; eye peduncles very long. Third joint of the
maxillipedes wider than long. Chelipedes more than twice the
length of the carapace.

157. Ommatocarcinus MacGKUivrayi.

Ommatocarcinus Mac Gill ivrayi, White, Yoy. of the "Rattle-
snake," Append., p. 393, pi. v., fig. 1.

Carapace more than twice as wide as long. Eyes extending a
little beyond the lateral spines. Chelipedes two and a half times
the length of the carapace; arm long, trigonal, covered with
papillae above, and having a nearly obliterated spine about the
middle ; wrist smooth, roundish, with a large blunt tooth on the
inside ; hands somewhat flattened, widest at the base of the
claws, with a broad ridge on the inside, the edge of it rough with

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 91

small papilla1, as is also the upper edge of the hand ; fingers
overlapping at the tips, irregularly toothed on the inside. [ White.']

Port Curtis ; mud banks.

Sub- Family Ocypodince.

Carapace very convex anteriorly. Front narrow. Internal
antenna^ longitudinally plicate. External antenna? placed at a
short distance from the front. Fourth joint of the external
maxillipedes exposed, third shorter than the second. \_M.~]

Genus Helcecius, Dana.

Internal antenna? longitudinal, inserted near the front on each
side, external somewhat remote from the front. Third joint of
the external maxillipedes shorter than the second. Anterior
legs of the male sub-equal. Second and third joints of the
external maxillipedes distinctly marked with a nearly longitudinal
linear furrow. Second joint of the abdomen in the male scarcely
narrower than the sternum. \M.~\

158. Heloecius cordiformis.

Gelasimus cordiformis, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 53.

Helcecius cordiformis, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 320, pi. xix., fig. 6 ; Heller, Reise der Novara, Crustacea,
p. 39 ; Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 35.

Helcecius signatus, Hess, Arch, fur Nat., Band xxxi., p. 115
(1865).

Heloecius areolatus, Heller, Verhandl. der K. K. Zool.-botan.
Gesellsch. in Wien, Jahrg. 1862, Bd. xii., p. 519.

Heloecius inomatus, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 321, pi. xix., fig. 7 ; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1851, v. 218.

Carapace convex, broad in front and narrowed posteriorly.
Front slightly narrowed below. Lower orbital margin ceasing
to be distinct before reaching the level of the external margin
of the buccal cavity. Hand smooth, and as long as the carapace
is broad, palm swollen and much longer than high, fingers shorter
than the palm and spoon-excavate. Ambulatory legs smooth.
Length f in. ; breadth ll/12ths. in.

Port Jackson ; Tasmania. Found also in New Zealand.

92 AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTItACA.

Genus Gelasimus, Latr.

Eyes slender, cornea rather small, scarcely oblong. Second
joint of the external maxillipedea much larger than the third.
Anterior legs of the male extremely unequal. Smaller hand
weak, with the fingers usually spoon-excavate or spatulate.

159. Gelasimus vocans.

Cancer vocans, Rumph., Amboin. Karcit. Kam., pi. x., fig. E
(1705) ; Linne, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 626.

Gelasimus vocans, M.-Edw., Melanges Carcinologiques, p. 109,
pi. iii., fig. 5 ; Annales des Sci. Nat., t. xviii., p. 145 ; A. M.-Edw.,
Nouv. Arch, du Mus., ix., p. 272 ; Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat.
Hist. (5), Vol. v., p. 80S (1880).

Front very narrow and little enlarged below. A strong
triangular tooth near the distal end of the upper margin of the
arm. Large hand granular externally, armed internally with
two very strong, oblique crenulated crests ; fingers much com-
pressed, the trenchant border of the mobile finger regularly
toothed that of the immobile finger is excavated near its base,
and has always a strong triangular lobe or tooth near its distal
extremity, with sometimes a second between this and the base.

AVoodlark Islands, Louisiade Archipelago ; Port Darwin.

160. Gelasimus arcuatus.

Ocypode (Gelasimus) arcuatus, De Haan, Faun. Jap., Crust.,
p. 53, pi. vii., fig. 2 (1835).

Gelasimus arcuatus, Milne-Edwards, Ann. des Sci. Nat., 3me.
serie, t. xviii., p. 11G, pi. iii., fig. 8; A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du
Mus., t. ix., p. 273; Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), Vol. v.,
p. 309 (1880).

Carapace very narrow behind and convex above. Front
narrower between the eyes, dilated below. Large hand much
developed, the hand becoming very long, but gradually narrowing
towards the end; mobile linger hooked at the extremity;
immobile finger with a pretty strong iooth about the middle of
its length; sometimes without prominent lobes ; sometimes three
times the length of the hand.

Port Darwin.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 93

161. Gelasimus Dussumieri.

Gelasimus Dussumieri, Milne- Edwards, Ann. des Sci. Nat.
3me. serie, t. xviii., p. 148, pi. iv., fig, 12 ; A. M.-Edw., Nouv.
Arch, du Mus., t. is., p. 271.

Distinguished from G. arcuatus by having the fingers relatively
longer and more compressed, and the index with equal and
regular granules on its trenchant border.

Moreton Bay ; Port Darwin.

162. Gelasimus coarctatus.

Gelasimus coarctatus, Ann. des Sci. Nat. 3me. serie, t. xviii.,
p. 146, pi. iii., tig. G; A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. ix.,
p. 272, pi. xii., tig. 1.

Front narrow between the eyes and dilated below. Anterior
border of the arm multi-denticulated ; mobile finger regularly
arched in nearly all its extent, but with the extremity, which
terminates in an acute hook, applied for a certain distance against
the immobile finger.

163. Gelasimus forceps.

Gelasimus forceps, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii., p. 52 ;
Ann. des Sci. Nat., 3me serie, t. xviii., p. 118, pi. iii., fig. 11.

Front narrow, of equal breadth between the eyes and at its
extremity. Two denticulated, sub-parallel lines on the inferior
orbital lobe ; a very prominent marginal crest on the meso-
branchial lobe. Large hand smooth, fingers flattened, straight,
longer than the palm. Posterior legs with the third joint
very wide.

164. Gelasimus signatus.

Gelasimus signatus, Hess, Archiv fur Naturg., Band xxxi.,
p. 116 (1865).

Forehead not quite so narrow between the eyes as in the
following species ; its lower border almost straight, Large hand
almost once and a half as long as the carapace is broad. Arm,
carpus, and hand bright red, fingers white. On the lower side
of the arm two rows of pearl-like tubercles form a triangle. The
fingers have an elevation in the middle of the inner border ; at

91 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

the ends they are curved and pointed, the inner border is
keeled. [Hess.']

Sydney (Gottingen Museum). The locality of this and the
following species must be regarded as doubtful.

105. Gelasimus variatus.

Gelasimus variatus, Hess, 1. C, p. 116, pi. vi., fig. 7.

Carapace smooth, strongly arched. Front narrow between
the eyes. Large hand of the male somewhat longer than the
body is broad ; at the root of the immobile finger is a large
triangular impression ; immobile finger somewhat bent, the
thumb straight, both beset with tubercles on the inner borber.
Colour brownish with violet markings, or violet with bright
yellow markings. [Hess.]

Sydney (Gottingen Museum).

Genus Ocypoda, Fabr.

Eyes thick, the cornea long, produced almost to the base of
the peduncle. Second joint of the external maxillipedes much
larger than the third. Anterior legs of the male unequal, the
smaller with pointed fingers. Abdomen narrow at the base.
Carapace transverse. [D.]

lf>0. Ocypoda ceratophthalma. A.M.

Cancer ceratophthalma, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc.

Oxypoda ceratophthalma, Fabr., Suppl., p. 247 (1798) ; Latr.,
Hist. Nat. des Crust. ; Desmarest, Consid., p. 121, pi. xii., fig. 1;
De Haan, Fauna Japonica, Crust., p. 29 ; Milne-Edwards, Hist.
Nat. Crust., t. ii., p. 18 ; Atlas of the Regne Animal of Cuvier,
Crust., pi. xvii., fig. 1 ; Ann. des Sci. Nat. 3me serie, t. xviii.,
p. 111.

Terminal appendage of the eyes not setigerous, very long in
the male, almost as long as the cornea, obtuse at the end, and
extending far beyond the external orbital angle. Hands broad
and compressed, not spinous.

Cape Grenville ; Palm Island, etc.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 95

167. Ocypoda Macleayana.

Ocypoda Macleayana, Hess, Archiv fin* Naturg., Band xxxi.,
p. 143, pi. vi., fig. 8 (18G5).

Upper orbital border but slightly curved, almost straight.
Cornea at the end of the peduncle overhung by a process of the
latter. Anterior legs very small, hands smooth, fingers finely
toothed ; dactyli of the four posterior feet very long. Colour
bright yellow, the thorax darker and spotted, each joint of the
abdomen with two red spots ; the legs with dark bands. [Hess.]

Sydney (G-ottingen Museum).

Dr. Hess' description and figure would apply very well to the
common New South Wales species of Ocypoda, but that in the
latter the hands are never smooth, but granulated.

168. Ocypoda cordimana.

Ocypoda cordimana, Desmarest, Consid. sur les Crustacea,
p. 121 ; Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii., p. 45 ; DeHaan,
Fauna Japon., Crust., p. 29 ; A. Milne-Edwards, Ann. des Sci.
Nat. (5), xviii., p. 113.

Distinguished from O. ceratophthalma by (1) never having the
ocular peduncles prolonged, (2) by having the carapace broader
and more convex in the antero-posterior direction and more finely
granular, (3) the superior orbital border less oblique, the external
orbital angle reaching the line of the base of the front, (4) the
anterior limbs more dilated and more finely granular, (5) the hand
smooth internally, while that of 0. ceratophthalma has a strong
striated transverse crest.

Tropical coasts. Widely distributed.

Genus Crossoxotus, A. Milne-Edwards.
Cai'apace discoidal and little convex. Front prominent, toothed,
and not very broad. Orbits very large and directed forwards.
Basal joint of the antenna? situated in the orbital hiatus and not
joined to the front. Buccal cavity broad in front, its anterior
border with two fissures on each side. Ischium of the external
maxillipedes large, its supero-internal angle much prolonged ;
the merus very narrow. Chelipedes of the male unequal.

00 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Ambulatory legs compressed. Abdomen of the male composed
of seven joints. [A. M.-JE.]

This genus occupies an intermediate position between the
Ocypodince and the Plagusiince.

1G9. Orossonotus compressipes.

Crossonotus compressipes, A. M.-Edw., Journ. . des Mus.
Grodeffroy, Band, i., Heft, iv., p. 83 ; ]S"ouv. Arch, du Mus., t. ix.,
p. 283, pi. xiv., fig. 1.

Carapace with a few bosses on the gastric, cardiac, and the
posterior portion of the branchial regions. Front prominent,
lamellar, and divided into four rounded teeth, the median scarcely
passing beyond the lateral. Lateral borders perfectly continuous
with the posterior border ; these borders are armed with 10 to 12
teeth on each side, and 0 to 8 behind. Internal orbital lobe very
large, divided into three rounded teeth ; inferior orbital border
denticulated. Chelipedes of the female very slender ; those of
the male unequal, the larger one with the arm and wrist narrow ;
hand very high and smooth, ornamented internally near the
fingers with long hairs; fingers short and thick. Ambulatory
limbs large ; merus denticulated on the borders and granular
externally ; daetylus broad, short, and compressed, with two
sharp teeth below, and bordered above with hairs. [A. AT-.E.]

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum). Found
originally in Samoa, and afterwards in Xew Caledonia.

Fa m ily GBAPSIDsE.

Carapace sub-quadrate, usually deflexed, with the sides straight
or arcuate. Eyes shorter than one-third the width of the
carapace. Internal antenna; transversely plicate. Fourth joint
of the external maxillipedes articulated with the third joint at
its summit, or at its antero-external angle. Second joint of the
abdomen of the male nearly equalling in width the adjoining
part of the sternum.

Snb-Faniili/ Grapsince.

Internal antennae concealed by the front. Third joint of the
external maxillipedes not crossed by an oblique piliferous crest
(body usually depressed). [Z).]

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 07

Genus GtRAPSUS, Lam.

Carapace very much flattened, more or less transversely
lineolate, with the sides arcuate, the front less than half the
breadth of the body. External maxillipedes having between
them, when closed, a lozenge-shaped vacant space. Ambulatory
legs with the tarsi spinulous below.

170. Grapsus variegatus. A.M.
Cancer variegatus, Fabr., Ent. Syst, t. ii., p. 450 (1703).
Grapsus variegatus, Latr., Hist. Nat. Crust. ; M.-Edw., Hist.

Xat. Crust., ii., p. 87 (1837); Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 36
(1876).

Graj)sus personatus, Lam., Hist. Ani. s. v., v., p. 240 (1818).

Grapsus strigilatus, White, Zool. Misc., p. 78 (1812) ; Dieffenb.
New Zealand,'ii., p. 265 (1843).

Leptograpsus variegatus, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat., xx., p. 171
(1853).'

Carapace flat, with the branchial regions marked with oblique
transverse lines. Lateral margins armed with three teeth. Front
nearly horizontal, rather concave, and not occupying half the
length of the carapace. Epistome very short, with transverse
crests. Hands very robust, smooth externally, with a few small
scattered tubercles above. Colour red, alternating with yellow.

Australian coast generally. Found also in New Zealand, at
Norfolk Island, and on the coast of Chile.

171. Grapsus strigosus. A.M.
Cancer strigosus, Herb., pi. xlvii., fig. 7.

Grapsus strigosus, Latr., Hist. Nat. des Crust., t. vi., p. 70.

Grapsus albo-Uneatus, Lam., Hist, des anim. sans vert., t. v.,
p. 240.

Carapace much flattened; branchial regions marked with
oblique transverse lines ; proto-gastric lobes ornamented with
sub-cristiform tubercles ; front greatly inclined, not nearly so
broad as half the length the carapace. Lateral borders sharp
and strongly curved, armed with two teeth. Epistome very
short, and presenting on each side a small transverse crest.

G

98 ATTSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

172. Grapsus Peroni.

Grapsus JPeroni, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat. (3e serie), t. xx.,
p. 169.

Closely allied to G. strigosus, but having tlie proto-gastric
lobes little elevated, ornamented with rounded tubercles, the
front less inclined. Marginal teeth of the meropodites short.

Australia.

173. Grapsus pelagicus.

Grapsus pelagicus, M.-Edw., 1. c, p. 169.

Carapace less broad than in the preceding species. Proto-
gastric lobes rather prominent and strongly tuberculated, frontal
region little inclined. Posterior meropodites having only a
single sub-terminal little-developed tooth below. \_M.-E.~]

Torres Straits.

174. Grapsus Grayi.

Grapsus Grayi, M.-Edw., 1. c, p. 170.

Nearly allied to G. lividus, but having the carapace more
convex, the proto-gastric lobules less prominent, and the dacty-
lopodites slender. \_M.-E.~]

Australia.

175. Grapsus Verreauxii.

Lepior/rapsus Verreauxii, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat., t. 20,
p. 170.

Carapace not so broad as in G. varieaatics. Lateral teeth
feebler than in L. maeirfatus ; cardiac region not depressed as in
the latter. Carapace finely dotted with violet red. [M.S.]

Australia.

176. Grapsus inornatus.

Grapsus inornatus, Hess, 1. c., p. 148, pi. vi., fig. 11.

Ccphalothorax almost smooth, granular anteriorly. Lateral
borders arched anteriorly, armed with four teeth, of which the
two last are obsolescent. Front inclined and rather broad, the
four lobes scarcely distinguishable, the lateral lobes small.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 09

Daetyli long, somewhat curved, acute, and covered, together with
the under side of the propoda, with short hairs. Carpus with a
small toothed process on the inner border. Hand and fingers
smooth, very small, the latter without teeth. [Hess.']

Sydney (Gi-ottingen Museum).

Genus CtOntograpsits, Dana.
Carapace crossed transversely by numerous raised lines, sub-
quadrate, sides straight, often convergent backwards. Front
longer than half the breadth of the carapace. Antenna? usually
exserted from beneath the front. External maxillipedes with a
lozenge-shaped space. Tarsi armed with spinules. [D.]

177. Goniograpsus Thukujar. A.M.
Grapsus Thukujar, Owen, Crust, of the Blossom.

Paclujgrapsus parallel. us, Randall, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Philad. '

Goniograpsus Thukujar, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 344. "

Surface nearly smooth. Front bending downwards rather
abruptly, and becoming nearly vertical. Sides converging some-
what backwards. Antero-lateral margins entire. Third joint of
the posterior legs with three small teeth at the lower apex.
Hand and carpus slightly rugate above, but the outer surface of
the hand smooth, with a single raised line near its lower side.

Port Denison, etc. ; common on the tropical parts of the coast.
Found previously at the Sandwich Islands, Fijis, Samoa.

Genus Planes, Leach.

Carapace longer than broad, nearly quadrate, front straight,
sides very slightly curved. External maxillipedes having between
them a vacant space when closed, the third joint somewhat
cordate in shape. Legs short and smooth, tarsi armed with
spines.

178. Planes minutus.

Cancer minutus, Linn. Syst. Nat. (ed. xii.), p. 1048 (1766).
JSfautilograpsus minutus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 90
(1837).

100 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Planes minutus, List. Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 42 (1847) ; Dana,
U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 346 (L852) ; Miers, Cat. Crust.
N.Z., p. 39 (1876).

Carapace smooth and glabrous, a small tooth, which is some-
times obliterated, behind the external orbital angle. Anterior
legs stout, smooth ; wrist with a small tubercles on its inner side.
Ambulatory legs broad, compressed, and thickly dilated above.

An almost cosmopolitan species.

Genus Heterograpsus, Lucas.

Carapace slightly convex and lobate in front, sides slightly
arcuate anteriorly, toothed. Front straight or slightly sinuous.
External maxillipedes when closed meeting or nearly meeting
along their inner margins. Tarsi not spinulous.

179. Heterograpsus sexdentatus.

Cyclograpsus sexdentatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 79
(1837) ; White, Dieffenb. New Zealand, ii., p. 266 (1843).

Hemigrapsus sexdentatus, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust.,
i., p. 348, pi. xxii., fig. 2 (1852).

Heterograpsus sexdentatus, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat., xx.,
p. 192 (1853) ; Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 37 (1876).

Gastric region uneven. Front straight. Lateral margins
of the cai-apace granulous, and divided on each side into three
teeth, of which the two first are very broad. Orbits directed
forwards. External orbital hiatus slightly defined. Legs slender,
tarsi thick and short.

Coasts of New South Wales ? and Victoria ? Found also in
New Zealand.

180. Heterograpsus pallipes.

Heterograpsus pallipes, M.-Edw., Ann. des Sci. Nat. 3e serie,
t. xx., p. 194 (1853).

Pseudograpsus pallipes, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust, ii., p. 82
(1837).

Carapace almost square, a little embossed in front; front
feebly bilobed. Four longitudinal crests on the external and
superior surface of the hands; fingers canaliculated. Legs

AUSTKALIAN HALACOSTRACA. 101

almost unarmed, and ornamented with crests on the carpopodite
and propodite. \M.-E.~\
Australia (Milne-Edwards).

181. Heterograpsus octodentatus. A.M.
Cyclograpsus octodentatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii.,

p. 80.

Lateral borders of the carapace armed with four teeth, of
which the two last are very small. An oblique linear groove on
the hepatic and branchial regions. Orbits rather widely open
below, but not continued by a lateral groove. No crest on the
third joint of the external maxillipedes. Tarsi slightly spinous.
[M.-JEchc]

King Island (Paris Mus.) ; Port Philip ; N. Coast of Tasmania
(Australian Museum).

182. Heterograpsus maculatus. A.M.
Heterograpsus maculatus, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat. (3me serie),

t. xx., p. 193 (1853) ; Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 39 (1876).

Very near the American H. marmoratus, but with the gastric
region more convex, and the epi-branchial lobes separated from
the meso-branchial by a transverse line curved very distinctly
in the shape of an S, and formed of a series of small pits.
Colour reddish. Arm with circular spots extending to the
fingers. \_M.-E.~]

Pound also in New Zealand (and Polynesia?).

G-enus Utica, "White.
Carapace somewhat eight-angled, tabular, the latero-anterior
margin with three teeth ; the latero-posterior part of the carapace
oblique ; carapace behind very straight ; behind the middle there
is a very strong transverse ridge. Outer jaw-feet with the third
joint on the outside straight, not dilated. Eore-legs small ;
hind-legs very long ; tarsus not particularly dilated, somewhat
elongated. {White.']

183. Utica setosipes. Plate ii., fig. 2. A.M.
Utica setosipes, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. vi.
Surface of the carapace and ambulatory limbs covered with

a very fine short pubescence. Eront not very prominent, straight.

102 AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRACA.

Transverse ridge on the proto-gastric region well-marked, divided
by a narrow mesial furrow. Lateral borders very little arcbed
anteriorly. Anterior legs (in the female) small ; hand smooth,
with a low narrow ridge close to its lower border extending to
the tip of the lower finger ; fingers slightly spoon-excavate at
the tips. Last two joints of the ambulatory legs fringed below
with long hairs. Length of carapace -rs inch ; breadth i inch.
Colour dark brown.

Port Denison. Found on the sea-shore; the species of the
genus hitherto described are inhabitants of fresh water.

This species is allied to U. glabra, A. Milne-Edwards, but
differs from it in having the front less prominent, and in the
hairiness of the terminal joints of the ambulatory legs.

184. Utica crassimana. Plate ii., fig. 3. A.M.

JJtica crassimana, Haswell, 1. c.

Upper surface of carapace smooth, naked. Margin of front
slightly concave. Lateral borders a little more arched than in
the preceding species. Anterior legs very large in the male ;
hand swollen, smooth ; fingers very widely gaping, the gap being
covered over by a thick bundle of hairs arising from the bases of
the fingers and the extremity of the palm ; a narrow ridge on
the outer surface of the lower finger not continued on the palm ;
inner borders of fingers finely toothed, apices slightly spoon-
excavate. Ambulatory legs finely tomentose, terminal and
penultimate joints fringed below with long hairs. Colour light
pink with purple markings. Length \ inch ; breadth £ inch.

Holborn Island, near Port Denison, on the sea-shore.

A near ally of U. larbimana, A. M.-Edw., but differing from
it in the relatively broader carapace, the larger hands, the more
arched fingers, hairy terminal joints of the ambulatory legs, and
other points.

G-enus Varuna, M.-Edw.

Carapace flattened, with the sides three-toothed, somewhat
arcuate anteriorly, straight and oblique posteriorly. Front with
the anterior margin straight. External maxillipedes with a
lozenge-shaped vacant space when closed, the third joint pro-
duced at the antero-external angle, the palpus broad. Ambulatory

AUSTEALIAN HALACOSTEACA. 103

legs compressed, expanded, and ciliated. Abdomen in both sexes
seven- jointed, [il/.]

185. Varuna litterata. A.M.
Cancer litteratus, Fabr., Suppl., p. 342 (1798) ; Herbst,

Krabben unci Krebse, iii., p. 58, pi. xlviii., fig. 4 (1799).

Trichopus litteratus, De Haan, Fauna Jap., Crust., p. 32
(1835).

Varuna litterata, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. des Crust., ii., p. 95
(1837) ; Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 40 (1876).

Carapace slightly punctate above, and marked in the middle
with an H, formed by the grooves which separate the branchial
and cardiac regions, etc. Lateral margins thin, and armed with
three very wide teeth. A granulous line upon each branchial
region, extending from the base of the last tooth to the point of
insertion of the last leg at some distance from the lateral margin,
which is also sharp and granulous. Front margin of the arms
with strong rounded teeth, hands slightly compressed, fingers
curved downwards and a little inward ; ambulatory legs large,
flattened and ciliate on the margins. (M.-E.)

A widely distributed species, found also in New Zealand, the
Philippines, Japan, the Indian Ocean, etc.

Sub-Family Sesarmince
Internal antennae concealed by the front. Third joint of the
external maxillipedes crossed by an oblique, usually piliferous
crest. (Body usually thick and convex). [_D.]

Grenus Ctclogeapsus, M.-Edw.

Carapace flat above, curving slightly downward anteriorly.
Front straight. Antero-lateral margins thin, entire. Eyes short.
Third joint of the external maxillipedes with the anterior margin
truncate or slightly emarginate. Abdomen of the male scarcely
narrower at base than the adjacent part of the sternum. Entirely
smooth, without spines and tubercles or hairs, except on the tarsi
of the ambulatory legs. [JLf.]

186. Cyclograpsus lavauxi. A.M.

Cyclograpsus audouinii, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust, i.,
p. 359, pi. xxiii. fig. 2 (1852) nee Edwards.

104 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Cyclograpsus Lavauxi, M.-Edw., Ann, Sci. Nat., 3meserie, xx.,
p. 187 (1853); Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 41, (1876).

Cyclograpsus whitei, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. ISTat., xx., p. 187 (1853).

Cyclograpsus Ice vis, Hess, Archiv. fur Naturg., Band xxxi., p.
152 (1865).

Very near C. AuJouinii, but with the tarsi longer and more
slender. Carapace and legs nearly smooth, with marbled spots.

[M.-JE.]

Port Jackson.

187. Cyclograpsus punctatus.

Cyclograpsus punctatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. des Crust., ii., p. 78.

This species differs from the preceding in having the hepatic
and frontal regions closely punctated. The character derived by
Milne-Edwards from the shape of the penultimate segment of
the male is not constant — some specimens having the lateral
borders regularly arched, others having them angulated. The
trenchant borders of the fingers are nearly straight, whereas in
the species here referred to C. lavauxi, there is a tolerably wide
space between them at their base when closed.

N. coast of Tasmania.

188. Cyclograpsus granulosus.

Cyolograpsus granulosus, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat. (3e serie), t.
xviii., p. 197.

Nearly allied to G. Aiulouinii, but having the hands and the
ambulatory legs strongly granulated, and the carapace more
convex. [M.-JE.~\

Tasmania.

Genus Paragrafsus, M.-Edw.

External maxillipedes gaping, and with the merus joint nearly
as broad as long, and longer than the ischium. Lateral borders
of the carapace lobulated or armed with teeth. Orbits and sub-
marginal grooves as in Cyclograpsus. Seventh segment of the
abdomen of the female short, transverse, and not received into
an excavation in the preceding joint. Legs as in Cyclograpsus.
[3L-K]

This genus is scarcely distinct from Chasmagnathus.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 105

189. Paragrapsus quadridentatus. Plate Hi., fig. 1. A.M.
Paragrapsus quadridentatus, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat. (3me

ser.), t. xx., p. 195 (1853).

Carapace scarcely convex ; front prominent and nearly straight ;
two marginal teeth including the external orbital angle ; epi-
gastric lobes scarcely indicated ; meta-branchial crest very slight.
Hands of the female having a very prominent crest on their
external surface, which extends from the mobile finger to the
extremity of the lower finger ; hands of the male smooth and
swollen. Carapace marked with scattered reddish spots. [M.-J2.']

Australia (Milne-Edwards) ; Tasmania (north coast).

190. Paragrapsus Verreauxi.

Paragrapsus Verreauxi, M-Edw., 1. c, p. 195.

Carapace feebly convex and unequal ; epi-gastric lobes very
prominent, especially in the male ; meta-branchial lobes strongly
marked. Front divided into two lobes by a broad median
excavation. Three marginal teeth. Crest of the external
surface of the hands of the female less strong than in P.
quadridentatus. Carapace violet in front, and marked with large
yellow spots behind. \_M.-E.~\

Australia (Milne- Edwards).

191. Paragrapsus Gaimardi. Plate ii., fig. 4. • A.M.

CycJograpsus Gaimardi, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii.,
p. 79 (1S37).

Paragrapsus Gaimardi, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat. (3me ser.),
t. xx., p. 190 (1853).

Carapace much more convex than in the preceding species ;
front more prominent and nearly straight ; epi-gastric lobes little
marked. Three marginal teeth. Dactylopodites more slender
and more elongated than usual. Carapace and legs spotted with
red. \_M.-E.~]

Australia (M.-Edw.) ; Port Philip ; N. Coast of Tasmania.

This species is perhaps better referred to Chasmagnathus; the
merus of the external maxillipedes is slightly oblong.

106 AUSTKALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

Genus Chasmagnathus, De Haan.
Carapace very thick, convex, sub- quadrate, with the sides
toothed, very slightly arcuate anteriorly, and the front curving
regularly downward. External maxillipedes having a wide
lozenge- shaped space when closed, the third joint truncate or
slightly excavate above. Eyes very stout. Anterior legs slightly
compressed.

192. Chasmagnathus subquadratus.

Chasmagnathus subquadratus, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust,
i., p. 363. pi. xiii., fig. 5 (1852).

Carapace convex, smooth, somewhat punctate posteriorly ; front
and antero-lateral margins as in C. Icevis. Antero- lateral margins
with two incisions, sides but slightly arcuate, premedial areolet
hardly distinct before or elsewhere. Posterior part of outer
maxillipeds and adjoining part of sternum very short hirsute.
Feet nearly as in C. Icevis. Hand not granulate, minute punctate.
Pterygostomian region very short reticulate. Fifth joint of
second feet tomentose above and on anterior surface, but not
below. Abdomen broader than usual at base and longer ciliate,
sides excavate. [Dana.']

New South "Wales ? (Dana).

103. Chasmagnathus lsevis. A.M.

Chasmagnathus Icevis, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p.
367, pi. xxiii., fig. 7.

Carapace convex, smooth, hardly granulous, somewhat areolate,
front and antero-lateral margin as in the granulatus, but the front
not having a point near the margin at the middle ; premedial
areolet abrupt anteriorly. Epistome in no part more prominent
than, the front. Anterior feet of male equal, hand slightly
granulate, not thin above. Posterior feet narrower than in
granulatus, fifth joint of second pair tomentose above and below
and on the anterior side. Sides of abdomen nearly straight,
obsoletely excavate. [-D-]

Sydney ; Port Mollc. (W. A. H.)

194. Chasmagnathus convexus. A.M.

Chasmagnathus convexus, Haswell, 1. c.

AUSTKALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 107

Carapace strongly convex both in the transverse and the
antero-posterior direction ; surface very minutely granular,
lateral border arched anteriorly, with one tolerably deep incision.
Front strongly deflexed, its anterior border with a slight angular
mesial incision and a lateral shallow concavity, so as to appear
very obscurely four-lobed. Anterior legs (in the female) very
finely granulate ; fingers regularly toothed, a slight space between
them at the base. Length f inch ; breadth 1 inch.

Shoalhaven.

Grenus Helice, De Haan.

Distinguished from Chasmarjnathus by having the s'ides
straighter, the front relatively narrower, the eye peduncles longer,
and the male abdomen narrower.

195. Helice crassa.

Helice crassa, Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust., p. 367,
pi. xxiii., fig. 8 (1852) ; Miers, Cat. Crust. K.Z., p. 43 (187(5).

Carapace sub-quadrate, lateral margin with two emarginations
anteriorly, front half as long as breadth of carapace. Hand
short and broad (or high), above sub-carinate ; externally nearly
smooth, minutely granulate. Third joint of the following feet
sub-acute above. Pterygostomian region granulate, then pubes-
cent. Length | in. ; breadth f in.

lllawarra (Dana). Found also in New Zealand.

196. Helice Leachii.

Helice Leachii, Hess, Archiv fur Naturg., Band xxxi., p. 153
(1865).

Lateral border somewhat more arched than in the preceding
species. Surface of the hand finely punctate, the last abdominal
segment of the male almost triangular, the preceding segment
long trapeziform. \_Hess.~\

Sydney (Crottingen Museum).

Genus Sesaema, Say.

Carapace quadrate, often transversely lineolate, the lateral
margins toothed or entire. Front abruptly vertically deflexed,

108 AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRACA.

usually more than half the breadth of the carapace, and divided
above into several lobes by longitudinal grooves in the front
part of the carapace. Pterygostomian regions reticulated.
External maxillipedes with the third joint longer than broad,
more or less rounded at the summit. Ambulatory legs ciliate,
with the tarsi unarmed.

197. Sesarma rotundata.

Sesarma rotundata, Hess, Archiv fiir Nat,, xxxi., p. 149, pi. vi.,
fig. 9.

Carapace strongly granulate in front, more finely granulate
behind. Hepatic region dilated, branchial regions sloping off
obliquely. Front border curved, and armed with three teeth, of
which the last is smaller than the others. Front vertical ; of its
four lobes those lying nearest the orbits are very small. Legs
as in S. atrorubens, but with- the terminal joints more closely
covered with hair. Carpus with a four-cornered process on its
inner side. Hand thickly beset with tubercles ; fingers strongly
toothed on the outer border, with three large teeth on the
inner. [Hess.']

Sydney (Hess).

198. Sesarma atrorubens.

Sesarma atrorubens, Hess, 1. c, p. 119, pi. vi., fig. 12.

Carapace almost quadrate, the sides nearly straight, armed
with three teeth, of which the last is very small. Front directed
perpendicularly downwards and almost over-reached by four
strongly-marked lobes. Ischia granulated and rather long ; the
rest of the joints of the legs ornamented with fasciculi of hairs,
especially well-developed on the upper and lower borders ;
dactyli straight and sharp. Carpus large tuberculated, hand
covered with large tubercles. Fingers strongly toothed on the
inner border ; on the mobile finger three, and on the immobile
finger two larger teeth ; outer border of the latter smooth ; that
of the former ribbed. Colour dark violet. [Hess.]

Sydney (Hess).

199. Sesarma similis.

Sesarma similis, Hess, 1. c, p. 150.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 109

Carapace as in S. atrorubens. Front also divided into four
lobes ; the lobes not so prominent as in S. atrorubens. Legs as
in the preceding species, only with the ischia broader and shorter.
Chelipedes of the female very small. Hands not beset with
tubercles. Each finger with three larger teeth. Colour dark
red. [Hess.']

Sydney (Hess).

Probably, as suggested by Hess, the female of the preceding.

200. Sesarma Schutteii.

Sesarma Schutteii, Hess, 1. c, p. 150, pi. vi., fig. 11.

Carapace sub-quadrate, lateral borders almost straight, a little
curved anteriorly, with three teeth, of which the two behind the
orbital tooth are very small. Front inclined downwards, with
four lobes, of which the lateral are smaller and scarcely distin-
guishable from the larger middle' ones. Legs long and thin,
chelipedes bent. Carpus strongly granulate, and with a larger
tubercle in the middle of the outer surface ; fingers equally
toothed on their outer side ; mobile finger strongly arched,
armed with three larger teeth. Colour dark brown ; legs
lighter. [Hess.']

Sydney. (Hess.)

201. Sesarma erythrodactyla.

Sesarma erytliroclactyla, Hess, 1. c, p. 151, pi. vi., fig. 10.

Carapace sub-quadrate, sides without teeth, arching downwards
immediately behind the orbital tooth. Front provided with four
lobes, distinctly separated from one another, but not very
prominent. Legs flattened, ischium strongly tuberculated, the
rest of the joints ornamented with hairs chiefly on the lateral
border. Carpus granulated. Outer border of the mobile finger
ribbed. Inner border of both fingers with two larger teeth,
between which are several smaller ones. Colour yellowish. [Hess.]

Sydney (Hess).

Sub-Family Plagusiince*
Internal antennae exposed, and each visible from above in a
longitudinal sinus of the front. Third joint of the external

* Vide E. J. Miers, Revision of the Plagusiince, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.,
Feby., 1878, pp. 147-154.

110 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

maxillipedes small and not crossed by an oblique piliferous
crest. (Body very much depressed.) [D.]

Grenus Plagusia, Latr.

Carapace wide and very much depressed, with the lateral
margins toothed. Third joint of the external maxillipedes
scarcely narrower than the second at the summit, rarely longer
than broad. Anterior legs in the male with the hand robust,
longitudinally costate, scarcely compressed. [31.]

202. Plagusia tuberculata.

Plagusia squamosa, Lam., Hist. An. sans Vert., tome v., p. 24G
(1818) ; M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 94 (1837), nee
Herbst.

Plagusia tuberculata, Lam., 1. c, p. 247 ; Latr., Encycl., x.,
p. 14G (1S25) ; M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 94 (1837) ;
Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1878, p. 148.

Plagusia orientalis, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.
(1858), p. 103.

Carapace covered with numerous small, often depressed
tubercles, each of which is bordered by a fringe of short, stiff
hairs. Lobe above bases of second and third ambulatory legs
prominent, sub-acute, and not dentated. Terminal segment of
abdomen of male broadly semi-oval and rounded at its distal
extremity. [Jf.]

Port Jackson. Commonly distributed in the Indo-Pacific
region.

203. Plagusia immaculata.

Plagusia immaculata, Lam., Hist. Nat. Anim. sans Vert., v.,
p. 247 (1818) ; Miers, 1. c, p. 150.

Plagusia clepressa, Latr., Encycl, x., p. 145 (1825) ; M.-Edw.
Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 93 (1837) ; Ann. des Sciences Nat.
(ser. 3), Zool. xx., p. 179 (1853) ; Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped.,
Crust., i., p. 369 (1852) ; Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
p. 103 (1858) ; nee Cancer depressus, Fabr.

Carapace more convex than in the preceding ; tubercles much
depressed, quite naked, often almost obsolete upon the gastric

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. Ill

and cardiac regions. Lobe above the bases of the second and
third ambulatory legs small, not dentated. [M.~\
Torres Straits. A widely distributed species.

204. Plagusia glabra.

Plagusia glabra, Dana, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., p. 252
(1851) ; U.S. Explor. Exped., xiii., Crust., i., p. 371, pi. xxiii.,
fig. 10 (1852) ; M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat. (3me ser.), xx., p. 179
(1853) ; Miers, 1. c, p. 151.

Carapace smooth and glabrous, antero-lateral margin quadri-
dentate ; front above obliquely sub-cristate, not spinigerous.
Anterior legs of male very short, part of hand preceding fingers
shorter than its height, granulate above, smooth externally,, and
not costate ; wrist nearly smooth. Third joint of eight posterior
legs smooth. Third joint of outer maxillipedes quadrate, slightly
oblong. [Jf.]

New South "Wales ; Moreton Bay.

205. Plagusia chabrus. A.M.
Cancer chabrus, Linn. ; Syst. Nat., p. 1044 (1766).
Plagusia tomentosa, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust, ii., p. 92

(1837) ; Ann. Sci. Nat. (3e ser.), xx., p. 178 (1853).

Plagusia capensis, De Haan, Fauna Japon., Crust., p. 58
(1835).

Plagusia chabrus, White, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., xvii.,
p. 497 (1846) ; Miers, 1. c, p. 152.

Carapace covered with a very short close pubescence and
without tubercles. Eront armed above with two small spines,
and with a series of small tubercles on its anterior margin.
Anterior legs tuberculated. Ambulatory legs with a series of
spines on the upper margin of the merus joint ; lobes above
the bases of the second and third ambulatory legs terminating
in a short spine. \_M.~]

New South Wales ; Tasmania. Eound also at the Cape of
Good Hope, in New Zealand, and on the coast of Chile.

Genus Leiolophus.
Outer maxillipedes with the merus joint very small and much
narrower than the preceding joint. (Carapace with smooth

112 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

naked ridges on its upper surface, but without numerous
tubercles. Merus joints of the ambulatory legs with a series of
spines on their upper margins. Male genital appendages of the
first pair not twisted, with a terminal claw.) [J/.]

20G. Leiolophus planissimus.

Cancer planissimus, Herbst, Krabben u. Krebse, iii., pi. lix.,
fig. 3 (1804).

Flagusia serripes, Lam., Hist. An. sans Vert, p. 247 (1818).

Flar/usia clavimana, Desm., Consid. Crust., p. 127, pi. xiv.
fig 2 (1825) ; M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust, ii., p. 92 (1837) ;
Atlas in Cut. R. A., pi xxiii., fig. 3.

Acaniliopus planissimus, De Haan, Faun. Japon., Crust., p. 30
(1835) ; Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped. xiii., Crust., ii., p. 372
(1852) ; M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Xat. (ser. 3), Zool. xx. ; p. 180
(1853).

Acantlwpus Giblesi, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat., t. c, p. ISO
(1853).

Leioloplius planissimus, Miers, Cat. Crust., N.Z., p. 4G (1870);
Ann. and Mag. Xat. Hist., 1878, p. 153.

Hands in the male strong ; the palms compressed and consid-
erably dilated, much broader than the wrist, notsulcated on their
upper margins. Greatest width of the abdomen of the male
exceeding its length to the base of the last segment. [il/~.]

Torres Straits. Widely districuted in tropical seas.

Family III. PINXOTHERIDJE.

Carapace obese or depressed, rounded on the sides, of soft
consistency. Eyes very short, imbedded in the orbits. Buccal
organs very variable. Margin of the efferent branchial channel
partly defined by a ridge on the palate. Abdomen of the male
narrow, toward the base much narrower than the adjacent part
of the sternum. Legs usually small, weak. [D.]

Sub- Fain ily Fin noth evince.

Usually obese, sometimes depressed. Second joint of the
external maxillipedes small or obsolete. [Z>.]

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 113

Grenus Pixxtxa, White.

Body very obese, much broader than long ; surface perfectly
smooth. Front not united with the epistome. Fossae of the
internal antenna? often coalescent. Eyes very small, placed near
to one another. Second joints of the external maxillipedes
small or obsolete.

207. Pinnixa faba.

JPinnothera fdba, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 381,
pi. xxiv., fig. 4.

Carapace and outer maxillipedes naked ; outer maxillipedes
almost longitudinal. Anterior feet of female short, hand rounded
above, fingers minutely pubescent. Posterior feet quite short
and stout, third joint of fourth pair one-third as long as breadth
of carapace, tarsus short, sub-conical from a stout base,
uncinate at apex. [Dana.']

A specimen found in Haliotis coco-radiata, at Port Denison,
differs from that described and figured by Dana only in having
the legs completely smooth.

Genus Xanthasia, White.

Distinguished from Pinnotheres by having the carapace sur-
rounded by a narrow elevated border.

208. Xanthasia murigera.

Xantliasia mur/f/era, White, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Vol.
xviii., p. 177, pi. ii., fig. 3 (1846) ; Dana, Op. cit, i., p. 384,
pi. xxiv.. fig. G ; A. M.-Edw, Xouv. Arch. duMus., t. ix., p. 321.

Carapace parchment-like, surrounded by a thin, raised and
prominent border, which is much higher at the sides than in
front ; upper surface of the carapace, internal to this, excavated,
except in the middle where there is a much developed circular
and slightly pedunculated projection ; gastric region with a few
rugosities. Front eleflexeel and rounded, Eyes small and
immobile. Legs short and terminated by a very sharp hooked
nail.

Cape Crrenville (Macleay Museum). This curious species
inhabits the shell of species of Tridacna,

H

114- AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Sub-Family Hymenicince.
Body very much depressed, sub- orbicular, or "sub-triangular,
slightly produced, often rostrate, anteriorly. Second joint of
the external maxillipedes more than half the length of the third
joint. [Z>.]

G-enus Hymenosoma, Leach.

Carapace depressed, usually sub-circular in outline, flat above.

The sub-division of this sub-family into the genera Hymenosomn,
Hymenicus, and Hal i 'care inns, appears to be unnecessary, and
based on extremely slight points of distinction, and I have
therefore placed all the species under Leach's original genus.

209. Hymenosoma planatum. AM-

Cancer pi anatus, Eabr., Ent. Syst., ii., p. 11G (1793).

Leucosia planata, Eabr., Ent. Syst., Suppl., p. 350 (1798).

Hymenosoma Leachii, Gruerin, Icon., pi. x., fig. 2, Yoy. Coquille
ii., p. 22 (1828).

?Hymenosoma tridentatum, Jacq. and Luc, Yoy. Pole Sud.,
Zool, iii., p. GO, pi. v., fig. 27 (1853).

Halicarcinus planatus, White, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xviii.,
p. 178, pi. ii., fig. 1 (1846).

Halicarcinus ovatus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,
p. 109 (1858).

Carapace quite flat above, with a transverse groove separating
the gastric from the cardiac regions, and a longitudinal groove
on each side of these regions. Antero-lateral margins with two
small acute teeth. Anterior legs of the male very much enlarged,
hand smooth and swollen, fingers straight, with a space between
them when closed. Length \ in. ; breadth | in.

Port Jackson; Port Western.

The fflamene Matlicei of Milne-Edwards (Ann. Sci. Nat.
(3 ser.) xx., p. 223, pi. xi., fig. 1, and Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 35)
is probably the young male of this species. It is quite distinct
from the Hymenosoma Mathcei of Desmarest (Consid., p. 1G3),
which is described as having the form of an equilateral triangle,
with the anterior augle (rostrum) a little rounded. As to which

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 115

of these two species may be Riippell's Hymenosoma Ma thai, I
am unable to form an opinion — the " Krabben des Roth en
Meeres " not being here obtainable.

210 Hymenosoma australe. Plate iii., fig. 2. A.M.

Hymenosoma australe, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace sub-orbiculate, the length (exclusive of the rostrum)
a little less than the greatest breadth. Rostrum prominent,
deflexed, its upper surface concave from side to side, bordered
laterally by a raised ridge, which terminates near the extremity
in a slight enlargment ; extremity in the form of an obtuse
angle. Lateral borders of the carapace with two obscure teeth.
Chelipedes of the male extremely large ; propodos dilated,
smooth, rather sharp-edged below ; lingers gaping at the base,
with a projecting pulvinus. Chelipedes of female small ; hand
not dilated ; fingers straight. Length •§■ in.

AVilliamstown, Port Philip.

211. Hymenosoma varium. A.M.

Hymenicus varias, Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust, i.,
p. 387, pi. xxiv., fig. 9 (1852) ; Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 50
(1876).

Carapace smooth ; naked, flat, nearly orbiculate, or ovato-
orbiculate, very slightly wider than long, front projecting and
trilobate. Antero- lateral margin with two obsolescent teeth.
Abdomen of male narrow oblong, sub-triangular, first segment
broadest and triangulate on either side, penultimate narrower
than preceding, last oblong sub-triangular, rounded at apex.
Anterior feet of moderate size, eight following very slender,
nearly or quite naked. Colour various, greenish black, mottled,
or dirty white or greyish. Length 2 to 3 lines. [Dana.]

Port Stephens ; Port Jackson ; Port Western ; Tasmania
(north coast). Also found in New Zealand.

212. Hymenosoma Krefftii.

Hymenicus Krefftii, Hess, Archiv fur Natnrg., Band xxxi.,
p. 141, pi. vi., fig. 5 (1865).

Carapace round, perfectly even and flat, produced anteriorly
into a sharp trifid rostrum. Lateral borders sharp, smooth,

110 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

without teeth. The ocular peduncles are far over-reached
by the rostrum ; the legs very long, covered with sharp hooks,
the fingers toothless, the abdomen three cornered. \_Hess.~\

Sydney (Gottingen Museum).

213. Hymenosoma rostratum.

Hymenosoma rostratum, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace sub-orbiculate, rather longer than broad. Rostrum
produced, acute, slightly recurved ; an obscure tooth at its base
in front of the eye ; a prominent acute tooth behind the eye,
and another about the middle of the lateral margin. Three
prominent tubercles on the pterygostomial regions. Chelipedes
in the male very large, arm trigonal, a sharp tooth at the distal
end of its upper border ; carpus with three short, much elevated,
tooth-like carinse ; propodos broad, compressed, prominently
keeled above, obscurely keeled below ; fingers each with a basal
tooth ; immobile finger with a second but lower elevation about
the middle. Length -fy inch ; breadth J inch.

Griffiths' Point, Port Western, Victoria.

Family IV. MTCTEBIDJE.

Body thick. Carapace very narrow anteriorly, scarcely
rostrate, without orbits. Internal antennae rather small, longi-
tudinal. [Z>.]

Genus Mycterts, Latr.

Carapace nearly circular, much dilated above. External
maxillipedes nearly vertical, forming a short and broad reversed
cone. Anterior legs very long ; ambulatory legs long, slender,
and compressed. Abdomen of the same form in both sexes,
enlarged towards the end.

214. Mycteris longicarpus.

Myeterisloiir/icarpus, Latr., Encycl., pi. 297, fig. 3 ; Desmaresi,
Consid. Crust., pi. 11, fig. 2 ; Guerin, Icon. Crust., pi. iv., fig. 1 ;
M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. D7 (1837); Ann. Sci. Nat.
(:} ser.) xviii., p. 151; A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mas., t. ix.,
p. 270.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 117

Carapace nearly smooth. A spine external to the orbits.
Legs very long.

Port Jackson, etc. Pound also in New Caledonia.

215. Mycteris platycheles.

Mycteris platycheles, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. JSTat., t. xviii., p. 154.

Carapace covered with small prominent granular points ; a
dentated crest external to the orbits. Legs shorter than in the
preceding species.

Tasmania (north coast) ; Port Western ; Botany Bay.

Sub-Tribe Oxtstomata.

Carapace varying greatly in shape, transverse, arcuate anter-
iorly or sub- globose. Branchiae 7-9 in number. Antennary
region very small, antennae minute. Epistome rudimentary.
Buccal cavity more or less triangular in outline, produced and
narrowed anteriorly. Efferent channel passing out at the middle
of the palate which is produced forwards. Male genital appen-
dages inserted in the basal joint of the fifth pair of legs.

Family I. LEUGOSIIB^E.

Afferent canal to the branchiae entering at the antero-lateral
angle of the palate. Crenital appendages of the male exserted
from the sternum. Terminal joints of the external maxillipedes
concealed by the preceding. Legs gressorial.

Genus Leucosia, Pabr.
Carapace ovate-orbicular, sub-globose, smooth ; front sub-
produced, covering the antennulary fossae. Orbit with three
fissures. External maxillipedes having the palp parallel-sided,
straight, or slightly curved, obtuse ; the endopodite acutely
triangular. Anterior limbs rather stout, of moderate length,
arms tuberculated at the base and sides ; fingers slender. Four
posterior pairs of legs becoming successively shorter from the
second to the fifth. Abdomen of the male in some species with
all the segments united, the first and the last excepted, in others
the third joined with the fourth, and the fifth with the sixth.
Abdomen of the female with the third to the sixth segments
united. [-B.]

118 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

216. Leucosia unidentata.

Leucosia unidentata, De Haan, Crust. Japon., p. 133, t. xxxiii.,
fig. 3 ; Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. iv\, p. 44.

Pront uni-dentate ; thoracic sinus circular in front, circum-
scribed by very broad tubercles ; arms with two rows of tubercles
on the upper surface.

Torres Straits (Brit. Museum).

217. Leucosia orbicularis.

Leucosia orbicularis, Bell, Trans. Linn. 8oc, Vol. xxi., p. 284,
pi. xxx., fig. 1 ; Haswell, 1. c, p. 41.

Carapace orbicular, front broad, very short, tridentate ; thoracic
sinus absent ; sternum in both sexes granulated in front. [-£.]

Coasts of Australia (Brit. Museum).

218. Leucosia ocellata.

Leucosia ocellata, Bell, 1. c, p. 289, pi. xxxi., fig. 1 ; Haswell,
1. c, p. 45.

Carapace rhomboidal ; front tridentate ; gastric region marked
with four small red spots, of which the two anterior are
ocellated. [2?.]

Eastern Australia (Brit. Museum) ; Keppel Bay (Macleay
Museum).

219. Leucosia Whitei.

Leucosia Whitei, Bell, 1. c, p. 289, pi. xxxi., fig. 2 ; Haswell,
1. c, p. 45.

Carapace rhomboid ; front produced, minutely tridentate ;
hepatic and branchial regions with three or four granules ; arms
tomentose, covered everywhere with large tubercles. [B.~\

Princess Charlotte Bay ; Cape Grrenville ; Brook Island
(Macleay Museum).

220. Leucosia reticulata.

Leucosia reticulata, Miers, Trans. Linn. 8oc, 1877, p. 237,
pi. xxxviii., figs. 13-15 ; Haswell, 1. c, p. 45.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 119

Carapace orbicular, smooth, ornamented with reticulated green
lines ; front very short, entire ; thoracic sinus short, not defined ;
hepatic region with a few red granules.

Shark's Bay (Brit. Mus.) ; Port Darwin (Macleay Museum).

221. Leucosia Perryi.

Leucosia Perryi, Miers, 1. c, p. 238, pi. xxxviii., figs. 19-21 ;
Haswell, 1. c, p. 16.

Carapace sub-depressed ; front tridentate ; thoracic sinus
absent ; arms densely tuberculate at base ; hand and carpus
smooth.

Shark's Bay (Brit. Museum).

222. Leucosia pubescens.

Leucosia pubescens, Miers, I.e., p. 238, pi. xxxviii., figs. 19-21 ;
Haswell, 1. c, p. 16.

Carapace convex, smooth ; hepatic regions concave, smooth ;
front tridentate, even above ; thoracic sinus with the anterior
margin smooth, not defined, pubescent ; arms pubescent above.

Shark's Bay (Brit. Museum).

223. Leucosia pulcherrima. A.M.
Leucosia pulcherrima, Miers, 1. c, p. 236, pi. xxxviii., figs. 1-5 ;

Haswell, 1. c, p. 16.

Carapace smooth, convex, sparsely punctate in front, orna-
mented in front with two coalescent trefoil-like, and behind with
two separate circular, linear red markings ; thoracic sinus deep,
narrow, well-defined in front ; carpus and hand smooth.

Lizard Island (Brit. Museum) ; Port Henison (Australian
Museum).

224. Leucosia splendida. A.M.
Leucosia splendida, Haswell, 1. c, p. 17, pi. v., fig. 1.

Carapace smooth, convex, sparsely punctate anteriorly ; orna-
mented with two trefoil-like figures which do not coalesce at any
point, and with two circular figures behind ; hand with an
inconspicuous row of tubercles ; thoracic sinus deep, narrow,
well-defined in front.

Port Jackson.

120 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

225. Leucosia Chevertii.

Leucosia Chevertii, Haswell, 1. c, p. 17, pi. v., fig. 2.

Carapace rhomboidal, polished, with a rounded elevation on
the hepatic region, which is free from granulations. Front
nearly entire, hut obscurely trilobed. Thoracic sinus, as in L.
Whitei, deep, strongly waved above, with a granulated inferior
margin. The postero-lateral margin, as in that species, fringed
with a line of hair. Maxillipedes and limbs as in L. Whitei,
except that the wrist has fewer granules. Abdomen (male)
broadly triangular, with a deep median sulcus at its proximal
end. Colour of the carapace very light brown, with a blush of
dark brown on each hepatic region, and a lighter brown mark on
the gastric and genital regions ; the tubercles of the arms pint,
and the fingers red at the base.

Cape Grenville ; Darnley Island (Macleay Museum).

226. Leucosia Leslii.

Leucosia Leslii, Haswell, 1. c, p. 18, pi. vi., fig. 1.

Carapace rhomboidal, the lateral angles projecting somewhat ;
surface with scattered punctations on its anterior half ; hepatic
region scarcely convex. Front produced, its anterior border
obscurely four-lobed. Thoracic sinus rather shallow, elongated,
not defined ; its anterior border not tuberculated ; its cavity
occupied by five large tubercles. Lateral border of carapace with
a row of tubercles, which are small anteriorly, large and coalescent
above the insertion of the arms, stopping short a little behind
that point ; postero-lateral and posterior border with a row of
small, close-set tubercles. Anterior limbs rather longer than the
carapace ; upper surface of arm with a group of small tubercles
at the base, and scattered larger tubercles on the proximal half ;
inner surface nearly covered with close-set tubercles ; outer
border with a row of large tubercles ; inferior surface almost
smooth ; inner border of hand with a row of small tubercles.

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

227. Leucosia polita.

Leucosia poiita, llcss, Archiv. fur Natur., xxxi., p. 155, pi. vi.,
fig. -1 (1805).

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 121

Carapace similar to that of L. rhoniboidalis of De Haau.
Lateral border bulging outwards over the coxa and closely tuber-
culated. Front almost triangular. Legs like those of L.
rhomboidalis. Joints of the legs yellow ; ischium with a yellow
band in the middle. Arm beset with numerous white tubercles
above and on the sides, especially at the base ; quite smooth
below. Hands quadrangular, with a line of tine impressed
punctations on the lower border. Mobile finger only toothed at
the apex ; immobile finger of the left hand with a protuberance
in the middle of the inner border ; immobile finger of the right
hand rudimentary. \_Hess.~]

Sydney (Hess).

Genus Myra, Leach.

Carapace ovate-globose, posteriorly tridentate. Orbit with
three deep fissures. Antennulary fossa? oblique. External
maxillipedes with the external margin of the palp dilated.
Anterior limbs very long, slender, hands straight. Abdomen of
the male with the third to the sixth segments coalescent, of the
female with the fourth to the sixth. [_B.~]

228. Myra carinata.

Myra carinata, Bell, 1. c, p. 297, pi. xxxii., fig. 3 ; Haswell,
1. c, p. 50.

Carapace ovate, minutely granulated, carinated, the median
posterior spine three or four times longer than the lateral ;
lateral spines conical, acute. [!>.]

Cape Glrenville (Macleay Museum).

229. Myra mammillaris.

2hjra mammillaris, Bell, 1. c, p. 298, pi. xxxii., fig. 5 ; Haswell,
1. c, p. 50.

Carapace ovate, glabrous, sparsely ornamented with small
elevated tubercles, posterior teeth very short, rounded. [_5.]

Shores of Australia (Brit. Museum).

230. ? Myra affinis.

Myra ajfinis, Bell, 1. c, p. 290, pi. xxxii., fig. 2 ; Haswell,
1. c., p. 50.

122 AUSTKALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Carapace ovate-globose, posterior spines short ; sub-equal ;
anterior legs scarcely twice the length of the carapace ; hand a
third longer than the fingers. [_6.]

Cape Grrenville (Macleay Museum).

231. Myra Australis. A.M.

Myra Australis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 50, pi. v., fig. 3.

Carapace ovoid, strongly convex, granulated, with a slight
keel, and provided on each hepatic region with a prominent
mammiform elevation ; intestinal region dilated, crowned with a
cluster of granules ; pterygostomial regions very acutely angu-
lated. Median posterior spine little longer than the lateral,
conical, pointed, and sharply recurved at the apex ; lateral spines
flattened, triangular. Front entire, slightly depressed mesially.
Arm covered with large granules throughout its whole extent ;
wrist, hand and fingers covered with fine granulations ; fingers
about half the length of the hand, slightly ridged longitudinally.
External maxillipedes and sternum covered with minute granu-
lations. Abdomen of male triangular, granulated externally,
smooth mesially, its borders concave throughout the greater part
of their extent, a prominent tubercle on the penultimate segment.
Abdomen of female granulated, broadly ovoid, with well-marked
longitudinal sulci, and a tooth on the penultimate segment.

Sue, Darnley, and Palm Islands ; Cape Grrenville ; Port
Denison.

232. Myra Darnley ensis.

Myra Damlei/ensis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 52, pi. v., fig. 1.

Carapace granular, non-carinated, a large tubercle on each
hepatic ridge. Front deeply grooved mesially, obscurely four-
lobed. Posterior spines large, broad, compressed, sub-triangular,
— the middle one slightly larger than the others. Maxillipedes
and sternum covered with minute granulations. Fingers slightly
exceeding the hand in length, striated longitudinally, meeting
by the whole extent of their inner margins, which are minutely
toothed. Ambulatory limbs slender. Abdomen (male) sparsely
granulous, with ;i small tubercle on the penultimate segment.
A few ill-defined light yellow marks on the carapace; two light

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 123

red bands on the upper surface of the arm ; and one of the
same colour on the distal surface of the hand.

Darnley Island (Maeleay Museum).

233. ?Myra eudactyla.

? Myrodes eudactyla, Bell, 1. c, p. 299, pi. xxxii., fig. G.

Myrodes gigas, Haswell, 1. c, p. 52, pi. v., fig. 5.

Myra eudactyla, A. M.-Edw., Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. x., p. 46,
pi- iii., fig. 3.

Carapace minutely and sparsely granulated, distinctly but
slightly carinated ; hepatic region with a small ridge, and a
marginal tooth ; cardiac region separated from the branchial on
each side by a slight depression, the posterior teeth rather small,
the middle one the longest and placed a little higher than the
others. Rostrum distinct, bifid, the two tooth-like projections
forming the covering of the antennary fossae, which are very
open. External foot-jaws with the palp evenly curved on the
outer edge. Anterior legs short, the arm minutely granulated ;
hand swollen at the base, narrowed forwards, as broad as it is
long ; the fingers slender, elegantly curved, longer than the hand,
armed with sharp teeth and hooked at the extremity. \_B.~]

The Australian specimens described by me as Myrodes gigas
belong without doubt to the New Caledonian species described
and figured by Dr. A. Milne-Edwards as Myra eudactyla, though
both differ considerably from Bell's figure. Bell's specimens
were obtained from the Philippines, and it is quite likely,
judging from the figure in Bell's Monograph, that the New
Caledonian and Australian species is distinct from it.

Genus Philyra, Leach.

Carapace orbicular, depressed, unarmed ; front shorter than
the epistome. Antennulary fossa? almost transverse. Orbit
open above, with three fissures. Palp of external maxillipedes
dilated. Eight posterior feet with a compressed tarsus. Abdo-
men of the male hastate lanceolate ; of the female with the last
joint narrow and much produced. [J3.]

124 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

234. Philyra lee vis. AM-
Philyra lasvis, Bell, I.e., p. 300, pi. xxxii., fig. 7 ; Haswell,

1. c, p. 53.

Carapace, body, and legs completely smooth. [2?.]

Port Adelaide ; Port Philip; King George's Sound; Tasmania.

235. Philyra porcellana.

Cancer porcellcmus, Fabr., Ent. Syst., t. ii., p. 411 ; Herbst,

t. i, p. 92, pi. ii., fig. 18.

Leucosia porcellana, Fabr., Suppl. Ent. Syst., p. 350 ; Latr.,
Hist. Nat. Crust., vi., p. 117.

Philyra porcellana, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., ii.,
p. 133 ; Bell, 1. c, p. 300 ; Haswell, 1. c, p. 53.

Carapace globose, minutely punctate, front scarcely shorter
than the epistome ; borders granulated ; arms cylindrical, tuber-
culated ; hands swollen, smooth. [_B.]

Swan Kiver (Brit. Museum).

Genus Phlyxia, Bell.

Carapace rhomboid, armed with three tubercles behind. Orbit
cmarginate above, with two fissures. Anteunules elongate.
External maxillipedes with the palp broad, the external border
curved, narrowed in front ; the endopodite with the penultimate
joint parallel-sided, the last triangular. Abdomen with the
third to the sixth segments coalescent in both sexes. [_#.]

236. Phlyxia crassipes. A.M.

Phlyxia crassipes, Bell, 1. c, p. 301, pi. xxxiv., fig. 2 ; Haswell,
1. c, p. 53.

Carapace sub-carinate, rostrum quadrate, with four teeth;
anterioaC legs more than twice as long as the carapace ; arms
rounded* dilated in the middle. [_B.]

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens. Very common at depths of
two or three fathoms.

237. Phlyxia lambriformis. A.M.

Phlyxia lambriformis, Bell, 1. c, p. 309, pi. xxxiv., fig. 1 ;
Haswell, 1. c, p. 53.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 125

Carapace carinate, rostrum triangular, emarginate, antero-
lateral margin incised, postero-lateral acutely carinated. [i>\]

• Princess Charlotte Bay ; Holborn Island, near Port Denison ;
Port Curtis (W. A. H.)

238. Phlyxia quadrata.

Phlyxia quadrata, A. Milne-Edwards, Journal des Mus.
Grocleffroy, Band i., Heft iv., p. 86 ; Haswell, 1. c, p. 53.

Carapace rhomboidal, elevated in the middle ; hepatic regions
much lower than the branchials ; front pixxlueed, emarginate ;
the posterior margin with two tubercles ; the body and limbs
with very minute granules, larger at the lateral margin.

Bass' Straits (Museum Crodeffroy).

239. Phlyxia erosa.

Phlyxia erosa, A. Milne-Edwards, 1. c, p. 86 ; Haswell, 1. c,
p. 54.'

Carapace elongated, contracted anteriorly, tubcrculated pos-
teriorly, almost smooth in front, cardiac region elevated, lateral
margins unarmed ; front produced, with two acute lobes.

Bass' Straits (Museum G-odeffroy).

210. Phlyxia orbicularis. A.M.

Phlyxia orbicularis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 51, pi. vi., fig. 2.

Carapace orbicular, moderately carinated, beset throughout
with minute granules ; median posterior tooth small and sharp,
the lateral teeth broad, short, and triangular. Lateral borders
armed with five minute teeth. Sternum granular. Anterior
limbs more than twice the length of the carapace, covered with
extremely minute granules ; arm cylindrical ; hand and fingers
of about equal length; the latter stout, curved, and terminating
in fine points which cross one another when closed, their inner
margins finely denticulated.

This may be the Ebalia quadridentata of Gray (Phlyxia
quadridentata of Stimpson), the description of which I have
not seen.

241. Phlyxia Petleyi. Plate Hi., fig. 3. A.M.

Phlyxia Petleyi, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. X.S.W., Vol. vi.

120 ATTSTRALTAX MALACOSTRACA.

Carapace rhomboidal, in general outline similar to that of P.
lambriformis. Front emarginate ; antero-lateral borders with
three conical teeth, the first rather larger than the others, a fourth
smaller tooth at the junction of the antero-lateral and postero-
lateral borders ; postero-lateral border with three compressed
conical teeth ; three prominent, sub-equal, conical teeth behind,
the mesial tooth situated above the other two, the latter situated
immediately above the insertion of the abdomen. Upper surface
closely granulated, a broad smooth longitudinal ridge on the
gastric region, followed by a row of three conical tubercles ; on
either side of the posterior portion of the mesial ridge, an ovoid
tubercular eminence, with the long axis longitudinal ; branchial
region with a few small tubercles. Arm, carpus, and propodos
closely granulated, the granules on the first coarser than those
on the two last ; dactyli finely toothed, incurved at their points.
Abdomen (female) covered with flat granules, a small tooth in
tbe middle of the distal border of the composite segment.

Port Molle (Whitsunday Passage), 14 fatb. (W.A.H., H.M.S.
"Alert")

A second, smaller, male specimen from the same locality,
differs from this mainly in having tbe upper surface of tbe
carapace free from granulations.

242. Phlyxia granulosa.

Phi j/xia granulosa, Ilaswell, 1. c, p. 54, pi. vi., fig. 3.

Carapace rhomboidal, closely granulated, the posterior border
armed with two triangular compressed teeth ; cardiac region
elevated to form a prominent pyramidal eminence surrounded by
a narrow fissure, continuous with which anteriorly is a pair of
similar fissures separating the genital region from the branchials.
Genital region armed with a short, blunt spine ; a pair of similar
spines on the posterior half of the gastric region, and one on each
branchial region ; on each hepatic region a triangular tooth,
bounded behind by a narrow fissure similar to that which surrounds
the intestinal eminence. Front moderately prominent, bidentate.
Sternum and external maxillipedes covered with close-set granules,
which become elongated into spinules towards the anterior
extremities of the latter. Limbs covered all over with similar

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 127

granules. Arm obscurely triquetrous ; hand ridged above and
internally ; fingers acuminate, meeting when closed by the entire
extent of their finely-toothed inner margins.

Dredged outside Port Jackson Heads (Macleay Museum).

243. Phlyxia Ramsayi. A.M.
Phlyxia Bamsai/i, Haswell, 1. c, p. 55.

Carapace nearly square, covered, together with the limbs, with
close-set granules. Front with a slight median fissure, on each
side of which are two rounded lobes. Gastric region with one
mesial, longitudinal, and two lateral, oblique ridges, the latter of
which stop short about the posterior boundary of the region,
while the former becomes dilated posteriorly, and becomes merged
in the prominent pointed eminence occupying the cardiac region.
Hepatic regions much depressed. Epibranchial regions depressed ;
meso- and metabranchial slightly dilated, with two tubercular
elevations — the anterior elongated and double, the posterior
conical. Anterior limbs about twice as long as the carapace ;
hand compressed, and keeled above ; fingers slightly curved,
pointed, strongly ridged, and armed with rounded teeth.
Ambulatory limbs about equal to the carapace in length ;
propodos dorsally carinate. Colour light red. Length and
breadth, 3i lines.

Port Jackson (Australian Museum).

G-enus Nursia, Leach.

Carapace polygonal, front produced. Orbits directed outwards.
Antennulary fossa? transverse. Palp of the external maxillipedes
curved, dilated, obtuse in front and behind ; endopodite with
the internal margin straight, the penultimate joint quadrate, the
last triangular. Anterior legs with the digits deflexed. Abdomen
of the male having the penultimate segment armed near its apex
with a dentiform process. [2?.]

244. Nursia plicata. A.M.
Cancer pi icatus, Ilerbst, Krabben, iii., t. 59, f. 2.

Nursia Hardicickii, Leach. Zool. Misc., iii., p. 20.
Nursia plicata, Bell, 1. c, p. 307, pi. xxxiv., fig. 4.

128 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Carapace with four teetli on either side, in the middle with
three tubercles forming a triangle, posteriorly with an elevated
transverse, tuberculated ridge ; front with four teeth. [B.~\

Port Denison.

245. Nursia sinuata.

Nursia sinuata, Miers, 1. c, p. 210, pi. xxxviii., fig. 28.

Carapace convex, broader than long, cardiac region with three
tubercles ; posterior and posterolateral margins deeply sinuatcd,
armed with seven almost equal teeth ; hand compressed but
hardly carinated.

Moreton Bay (Brit. Museum).

G-enus Nursilta, Bell.

Carapace broader than long, margin polygonal ; front produced.
Orbits with two fissures, directed outwards. Antennulary fossa?
oblique. External maxillipedes extending beyond the epistome,
the palp curved, dilated in the middle, the inner ramus elongate,
its internal border arched. Anterior limbs slender, hand swollen,
digits curved, dentate, longer than the hand. [_B.]

246. Nursilia dentata.

Nursilia dentata, Bell, 1. c, p. 309, pi. xxxiv., fig. 6; Haswell,
1. c, p. 5G.

Carapace rather broader than long, the margin laminated ; a
slight fissure between the hepatic and branchial regions ; an
obtusely triangular tooth on the margin of the former, and
three slight angular projections on the latter; several small
projecting teeth on the surface of the carapace, and a longitu-
dinal carina, on the posterior half of which are three strong
spines curved forwards ; an elevated line on the branchial
region. Digits of the anterior legs finely toothed. \_B.~]

Eitzroy Islands (Macleay Museum).

GTenus L mi. vim a, Bell.

Carapace rhomboidal, rough, regions gibbous; rostrum bifid,
deflexed. Orbits directed upwards and outwards. Antennulary
fossrr oblique. External foot-jaws with the palp ensiform,
obtuse anteriorly ; the inner ramus lanceolate, longer than the

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 129

palp. Anterior legs robust, rough ; arms tuberculated, their
outer margin carinatecl ; hands carinated ; fingers approximated.
Abdomen of the male with the third, fourth, and fifth segments
eoalescent. [i?.]

247. Lithadia (?) sculpta.

Lithadia (?) sculpta, Haswell, 1. c, p. 57. pi. vi., fig. 5.

Carapace broader than long, deeply sulcated. Sulci consisting
of a circumferential sulcus running round the whole of the
carapace, and two which are continuous with it and with one
another close behind the rostrum, and diverge as they pass
backwards and outwards to include between them an elongated
mesial elevation, pointed in front, and rounded posteriorly, which
is divided into two by a smaller transverse sulcus. The elevations
which these sulci circumscribe are rough, dilated, rounded, and
granular, but do not develope pointed projections or teeth.
Lateral borders with four rounded teeth, of which the second is
bifurcate. Front broad, and slightly emarginate anteriorly,
granular above ; a low median ridge, passing back from it, crosses
the circumferential sulcus and becomes continuous with the mesial
elevation. Sternum coarsely tubercular ; external maxillipedes
closely resembling those of L. Oumingii as figured in Bell's
Monograph. Anterior limbs as long as the carapace ; arm coarsely
granular ; granules becoming elongated on the upper surface of
the wrist and hand into irregularly-placed conical teeth ; fingers
marked by longitudinal rows of granules, and with acute and
incurved points, which cross one another when the hand is closed.
Ambulatory legs covered with coarse granulations, which take the
form of short spines on the fourth and fifth joints ; tarsi hairy.
Abdomen of female granulated ; the intersegmental lines all
distinct ; a longitudinal sulcus on each side of the middle line.

Fitzroy Islands (Macleay Museum).

G-enus Oreophorus, Eiippell.
Carapace tuberculated, dilated behind over the legs. Anten-
nulary fossa? oblique. External maxillipedes with the palp
arcuated, gradually narrowing towards the apex. Anterior legs
long, robust ; posterior legs sub-equal, hidden under the dorsal
shield. Abdomen of the female broadly ovate, the third to the
sixth segments eoalescent. \_B.~\

130 • AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

248. Oreophorus rugosus. A.M.
Oreophorus rugosus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,

1858, sp. 259 ; A. Milne-Edwards, Ann. de la Soc. entom., 1865,
t. v., p. 152, pi. vi., fig. 3 ; Nouv. Arch, du Mus., t. x., p. 49.

Carapace sub-pentagonal ; antero-lateral borders greatly
developed, forming a marked angle at the level of the anterior
branchial lobe, slightly undulated ; surface covered with deep
reticulations near the anterolateral borders and the branchio-
cardiac grooves ; branchial regions prominent, strongly dilated,
and more elevated than the gastric and cardiac regions. Cheli-
pedes nodular and slightly granular ; hand rugose ; fingers long,
curved inwards, and ornamented with fine denticulations on their
cutting edges.

Port Denison (W. A. H.). Pound also on the coasts of China
and New Caledonia.

G-enus Tlos, Adams and White.

Carapace much wider than long, smooth, the lateral regions
concave with raised edges, with an anterior and posterior groove ;
lateral edges divided into three lobes ; the middle region with a
strong vertical ridge ending behind in an obtuse tubercle, and
on each side with two perpendicular, three-sided elevations.
Front entire, rounded, reflexed. Chelipedes with the third joint
triangular, the edges tuberculiferous, the fourth joint with two
tubercular ridges on the upper surface ; fifth joint with a tuber-
cular keel above ; claws slightly curved at the ends. Abdomen
of female oval, tuberculated, seven-jointed, surrounded by an
elevated ridge. [A. Sf W.]

249. Tlos muriger. A.M.

Tlos muriger, Adams & White, Zoology of H.M.S. "Samarang,"
Crustacea, p. 58, pi. xiii., fig. 2.

Carapace smooth ; lateral regions deeply excavated ; side-
margins with three lobes, hind margin excavated, a two-ridged
lobe with numerous small tubercles at the base.

Port Molle, 11 fath. (W.A.H., H.M.S. "Alert.") Pound
also on the coast of Borneo.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 131

Genus Arcania, Leach.
Carapace sub-globular, armed with numerous spines or elevated
tubercles. Orbits opening upwards and outwards. Antennulary
fossa? longitudinal. External maxillipedes with the palp straight,
linear, the internal apex emarginate-truncate ; the inner ramus
gradually pointed. Anterior legs very slender. Abdomen of
the male lanceolate, with the third to the sixth or fifth
coalescent. [B.~\

250. Arcania novem-spinosa.

Arcania novem-spinosa, Adams and White, Zoology of the
" Samarang," Crustacea, p. 5G, pi. xiii., fig. 1 ; Bell, /. c, p. 309 ;
Haswell, 1. c, p. 58.

Carapace smooth, granular, antero-lateral margins with two
spines ; postero-lateral margins with two spines ; posterior
border with one spine. [A. Sf W.~\

Darnley Island ; Cape Grenville ; Cape York (Macleay
Museum).

251. Arcania granulosa.

Arcania granulosa, Miers, 1. c, p. 210, pi. xxxviii., fig. 29 ;
Haswell, 1. c, p. 58.

Carapace granular, sub-globose, without tubercles, borders
armed with ten short acute spines ; intestinal region with a
single spine.

Moreton Bay (Brit. Museum).

252. Arcania pulcherrima.

Arcania piilcherrima, Haswell, 1. c, p. 58, pi. vi., fig. 1.

Carapace globose, rather broader than long, covered with
vertically elongated granules, and armed above with thirteen
tubercles or short spines which are covered with granules similar
to those on the rest of the carapace. Lateral border armed with
six spines, lateral pair much the longest, hardly appreciably
flattened and slightly curved upwards ; covered, in common with
the others, with granules like those on the surface of the
carapace. Front prominent, emarginate. Anterior limbs more
than twice as long as the carapace ; arm slender and tuberculated ;
hand smooth, slightly swollen at the base, and tapering towards

132 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

the fingers which are very slender, and armed on their inner
margins with fine denticles and a few larger triangular teeth.
Posterior limbs slender, cylindrical and smooth. Abdomen
(female) ovoid, granulated ; the compound part with no trace of
intersegmental lines, but traversed by well-marked longitudinal
sulci. Colour nearly white, with a blush of red over the lateral
parts of the carapace and the lateral spines, and a band of the
same colour on the upper surface of the arm.

Darnley Island, Torres Straits (Macleay Museum).

G-enus Ixa, Leach.
Carapace elliptico-rhomboid, with a sub-cylindrical process
arising from the branchial region on either side; regions
separated by a deep sulcus. Orbit with two fissures above.
External maxillipedes with the palp broad obtuse, longer than
the endopodite. Feet all filiform, slender. Abdomen of the
female with the last joint produced as far as the oral aperture.
[2?.]

253. Ixa inermis.

Ixa inermis, Leach, Zool. Misc., iii., p. 2G, t. 129, fig. 2 ;
Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust, ii., p. 135.

Lateral processes unarmed.

Cape G-renville (Macleay Museum).

Genus Persepuona, Leach.

Carapace oval or orbicular, depressed, armed posteriorly with
two or three teeth. Pterygostomian regions angulated. Orbits
with three fissures. Antennulary fossse transverse. External
maxillipedes with the palp little dilated, gradually narrowing,
truncated internally at the apex. Anterior legs robust, not
twice as long as the carapace ; the remaining pairs with the last
and penultimate joints compressed. Abdomen of the male with
the third to the fifth segments coalescent ; of the female the
fourth to the sixth. [_Z?.]

254. Persephona tuberculosa.

Terseiiliona tuberculosa, A. Milne-Edwards, Journ. des Mus.
Godeffroy, Band i., Heft iv., p. SG.

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 133

Carapace quadrate, dilated, ornamented with compressed
granules which are larger towards the margin ; gastric region
with three tubercles ; cardiac region with a large tubercle cir-
cumscribed by a very narrow fissure ; posterior margin with two
tubercles ; anterior legs long, granulated.

Bass' Straits (Grodeffroy Museum).

G-enus Act^omoepha, Miers.

Carapace convex, with the antero-lateral margins arcuate as
in the Cancroidea. Buccal cavity broader and less decidedly
triangulate than is usual in the Oxystomata. Abdomen of the
male seven- jointed.

255. Actseomorpha erosa.

Actceomorpha erosa, Miers, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool., Vol xiii.,
p. 1, pi. xiv.

Carapace everywhere granulated, the granules interspersed
with small deep pits. A large rounded elevation behind each
orbit, one on the cardiac region, aud one on each branchial region
near the lateral margin. Anterior legs obscurely granulated,
robust ; arm very short, hand but little longer than the wrist ;
fingers straight, acute. Ambulatory legs short, nearly smooth,
laterally compressed. Tarsi very small, slender and acute. \_M.~\

Port Curtis (Brit. Museum).

Family II. MATVTIBM.

Afferent canal to the branchiae entering at the side of the
pterygostomian region. Terminal joints of the external maxilli-
pedes concealed, third joint triangular, palp scarcely longer than
the second joint. Male genital appendices arising from the base
of the fifth pair of legs. Legs usually natatorial.

Genus Matuta, Fabr.

Carapace sub- orbicular, with a strong spine at the junction of
the antero-lateral and postero-lateral margins. Four posterior
pairs of legs with the last and penultimate joints expanded.

256. Matuta victrix. A.M.
Cancer victor, Pabr., Spec. Ins., ii., Append., p. 502 (1781) ;

Ent. Syst., ii., p. 419 (1798).

131 AUSTHALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

Matuta victor, Fabr., Eut. Syst, Suppl., p. 309 (1798) ;
?M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 115, pi. xx., figs. 3-6 (1837) ;
Begne Animal de Cuvier, Atlas, Crustacea, pi. vii., fig. 1.

Matuta peronii, Leach, Zool. Miscell., iii., p. 13, pi. 127, figs.
1, 2 (1817).

Matuta lesuerii, Leach, Zool. Misc., iii., p. 11 (1817).

Matuta victrix, Miers, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2nd Series), Zoology,
Vol. 1, p. 213, pi. xxxix., figs. 1-3 (1877).

Carapace finely but distinctly granulated ; two anterior
tubercles of the carapace obsolete, the remainder faintly marked.
Lateral marginal spine long, directed slightly forwards. Front
slightly emarginate, with the lobes rounded ; hand not granulous
upon its external surface, the tubercles on the upper half sharply
defined ; a small tubercle, followed by a very strong conical
spine at the base of the oblique ridge, which is interrupted at
the base, and obscurely defined. Ridge upon the external
surface of the mobile finger strongly beaded. Spots upon the
carapace numerous, minute, simple, scattered, and without any
tendency to form reticulating lines. \_M.~]

Port Jackson. A widely distributed species.

257. Matuta lineifera. A.M.

Matuta lineifera, Miers, 1. c, p. 245, pi. xxxix., fig. 7.

Carapace very finely granular, tubercles strongly marked, the
two anterior distinct as well as those of the postero-lateral
margins. Front emarginate, the lobes more acute than in M.
victrix ; hand of male nearly as in that species, but with the
spine at the base of the oblique ridge shorter. Carapace marked
with dark red, thread-like, usually uninterrupted lines, forming
irregular loops and circles. [M.~\

]NT. W. Australia, Nicol Bay (Brit. Museum) ; Chowder Bay.

258. Matuta granulosa. A.M.

Matuta (jranulosa, Miers, 1. c, p. 215, pi. xxxix., figs. 8 & 9.

Carapace rather coarsely granulated, especially towards the
lateral marginal spines. Two anterior dorsal tubercles obsolete,
the others and those on the postero-lateral margins very indistinct.
Lateral marginal spines short, conical, and rather obtuse. Trout

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 135

slightly but distinctly emarginate, with the lobes rounded. Hand
of male with the upper and lower part granulous between the
tubercles ; the ridge upon the outer surface in the male divided
into five acute tubercles, of which the second is the largest.
Pvidge upon the external surface of the mobile finger thin,
smooth, not beaded. Spots upon the carapace brownish-red. A
brownish-red patch on the basal half of each lateral spine. [-3/.]
Port Denison ; Port Curtis.

259. Matuta picta. A.M.

Matuta lunaris, Leach, Zool. Misc., iii., p. 13, pi. cxxvii.,
figs. 3-5.

Matuta planipes, Desm., Cons. Crust., p. 102 (1825), necPabr.

Matuta picta, Hess, Arch, fur Nat., xxxi., p. 158, pi. vi.,
fig. 13 (1865).

Carapace distinctly granulated. Tubercles of the carapace
and postero-lateral margins strongly marked. Lateral marginal
spine of moderate length, directed slightly forward. PVont
obtuse and rounded, or slightly emarginate. Hand not granulous
upon its external surface ; tubercles on the upper part rounded
and obtuse ; ridge on external surface divided into four or five
lobes, of which the second is an acute spine, the remainder small,
obtuse, or truncate. Ridge upon the mobile finger distinctly
striated in the greater part of its length, and beaded at the
distal extremity. Spots upon the carapace very numerous and
minute, often disposed in reticulated lines. \_M.~]

Port Jackson ; Moreton Bay, etc. ; also found at Ceylon,
Zanzibar, the Mauritius, and the Seychelles;

Family III. CALAPPID^.

Afferent canal to the branchiae entering behind the ptery-
gostomian regions. Crenital appendages of the male exserted
from the base of the fifth pair of legs. Terminal joints of the
external maxillipedes not concealed beneath the second and
third joints.

Crenus Calappa, Pabr.

Carapace very convex, broad behind, arcuate in front, with
the latero-posterior margin produced over the ambulatory legs,

136 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

and forming large vaulted lateral expansions. Terminal joints
of the external maxillipedes not concealed. Anterior legs large,
and capable of being applied closely to the body, hands com-
pressed, with a high dorsal ridge. Ambulatory legs slender and
of moderate length, tarsi styliform. Abdomen of male five to
seven- jointed.

260. Calappa hepatica. A-M-

Cancer hepaticus, Linn. Syst. Nat., p. 1048 (1766).

Calappa tiiberadata, Eabr., Ent. Syst. Suppl., p. 315 (1798) ;
Herbst, Kr., i., pi. xiii., fig. 78 (1796) ; M.-Edw., Hist. Nat.
Crust., ii., p. 106 (1837).

Calappa hepatica, Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 55 (1876).

Carapace tubercular and granulous above, with about a dozen
triangular very distinct teeth on the antero-lateral margin, and
four wide flat acute teeth upon the front margin of the lateral
wings of the carapace, which are very large. Posterior margin
of the carapace entire, outer surface of the hands tubercular,
but without spines.

Generally distributed in Eastern Seas.

Family IV. DORIPPIDJS.

Afferent channel of the branchial cavity situated on the
posterior portion of the pterygostomial region. Terminal joints
of the external maxillipedes not concealed by the preceding.
The two to four posterior legs sub-dorsal, prehensile. Genital
appendages of the male inserted on the sternum. [D.]

Genus Dorippe, Latr.
Afferent aperture of the branchial cavity formed by a large
excavation of the pterygostomial region, and separated from the
base of the anterior legs. Last two pairs of legs elevated on
the carapace. Eyes retractile.

261. Dorippe astuta. A.M.

Cancer pinnoplujlax, Eabr., Ent. Syst., t. ii., p. 441 ; Linn.
Syst. Nat.

Dorippe astuta, Eabr., Ent. Suppl, p. 361 ; M.-Edw., Hist.
Nat. Crust., ii., p. 157.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 137

Cancer astuta, Herbst, t. iii., p. 15, pi. lv., fig. 6.

Carapace much elongated, flat, almost completely smooth
above, but presenting a few deep grooves, and almost devoid of
hairs. Front very prominent and widely excavated, so as to
present two triangular, flattened teeth ; neither tooth nor dilation
above the internal orbital angle ; tooth of the lower orbital
border rudimentary ; buccal orifice terminating in the mesial
notch of the front. Hands of the male short, thick, and much
swollen. Abdomen without dentiform tubercles. [3I.-U.]

Port Denison. Pound also in Asiatic Seas.

262. Dorippe quadridentata. A.M.

Dorippe quadridentata, Pabr., Ent. Suppl, p. 361 ; M.-Edw.,
Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 156 ; Latr., Hist. Nat. des Crust., t. vi.,
p. 125 ; Encycl., pi. 306, fig. 1 ; Desmarest, Cons., p. 135.

Cancer Frascone, Herbst, t. i., p. 192, pi xi., fig. 70.

Dorippe atropos, Lam., Hist, des An. sans Vert., t. v., p. 215.

Dorippe nodidosa, Gruerin, Iconogr., pi. xiii., fig. 2.

Carapace greatly elongated anteriorly, very unequal, and
ornamented with twelve to fifteen rounded tubercles. Front
lamellar, prominent, and forming two triangular teeth ; external
orbital angle very prominent, and the internal portion of the
lower orbital border forming a large tooth pointed and denticu-
lated below, which projects much in advance of the front, and
almost reaches the level of the origin of the flagellum of the
antenna?. Anterior extremity of the buccal orifice not reaching
to the border of the front. Anterior legs granular in the male ;
second and third segments of the abdomen each armed with
three dentiform tubercles disposed in transverse rows. In the
male a large tooth and two very small ones on the fourth segment
of the abdomen. [_M.-JE.~\

Port Denison.

Genus Ctmopolia, Roux.

Afferent opening of the branchial cavity situated as usual
between the posterior border of the pterygostomial region and
the base of the first pair of legs. Last pair of legs very small ;
fourth pair like the preceding. Eyes retractile. [M.-E.~\

138 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

263. Cymopolia Jukesii. A.M.

CymopoUa Jukesii, White, App. Jukes' Voy. " Fly," p. 338,
pi. ii., fig. 1 (1817); List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 51 (1817);
Miers, Zool. " Erebus and Terror," Crust., p. 1, pi. iii., fig. 4.

Carapace wider than long, covered with minute granules, the
front with two rounded teeth in the middle ; behind each eye
there are two fissures, the outer one smaller than the other ; the
side of the carapace with three teeth, inclusive of the outer
orbital angle, followed by two or three small tubercles. Hands
filiform, grooved, fingers crossing at the tips ; second pair of
legs much smaller than the third and fourth pairs ; third and
fourth pairs of legs with the third joint of a longish oval shape,
slightly toothed on the edge ; upper surface with a few tubercles,
fifth joint with the outer edge fringed with hairs. [White.^\

Port Denison ; Torres Straits ; Sir Charles Hardy's Island.

Tribe ANOMOTTEA.

Abdomen sometimes extended backward, sometimes deflexed
beneath the body, and nearly always bearing more or less well-
developed appendages upon its penultimate segment. Sternum
usually linear between the last three pairs of legs.

Section ANOMOURA SUPERIORA.

Eyes not anterior to the first pair of antenna?. Second pair
of antenna? sometimes posterior, but not exterior to the eyes.
Abdomen narrow, often adpressed to the sternum, without caudal
appendages.

Sub-Tribe Dromidea.

Carapace sub-globose, sub-triangular, or sub-quadrate. Eyes
placed near to one another. Buccal cavity quadrilateral.
Anterior legs with a well-developed hand. Posterior pair of
ambulatory legs smaller than the preceding, raised above the
rest, and placed sub-dorsally upon the carapace, terminating in
a curved, and more or less prehensile claw.

Genus CRvnoDROMiA, Stimpson.

Carapace convex, pubescent, scarcely jnlose. Palate with a
ridge on each side. The sternal sulci in the female remote from

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 139

one another, only produced to the segment bearing the second
pair of legs, terminating in tubercles. Legs like those of
Dromia, but nodose.
Species of small size.

264. Cryptodromia lateralis. A.M.

Dromia lateralis, Gray, Zool. Misc.

Cryptodromia lateralis, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,
p. 226 (1858).

Carapace sub-globose, evenly convex, front rather produced,
three-lobed, the median lobe deflexed, the lateral lobes triangular.
Antero-lateral margins with two teeth and a smaller tooth upon
the pterygostomian region. Anterior legs with arm and wrist
tuberculated, hand granulous externally, and tuberculated above ;
ambulatory legs with the distal extremities of the joints nodose.

Port Jackson (very common) ; Port Stephens ; Tasmania, etc.
Pound also in New Zealand.

This species almost invariably has a sponge fixed on its
carapace, covering it completely.

Genus Dromia, Pabr.

Carapace pilose, sub-orbiculate, front sub-triangulate, narrow,
the eyes approximated. Peet thick, short ; fourth and fifth
short, sub-dorsal. Sternal sulci in the female approximated.

265. Dromia australiensis. . A.M.

Dromia australiensis, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. vi.

Carapace longer than broad, evenly convex above, covered,
together with the under-surface and limbs, with adpressed hairs.
Pront strongly deflexed, three-toothed, the mesial tooth small
rounded, directed downwards, not visible when the carapace is
viewed from above, the lateral teeth more prominent, obtuse.
Upper orbital margin very prominent, forming a rounded lobe ;
infra-orbital tooth prominent, conical. Antero-lateral border
convex, with three teeth, the first of which is the largest, while
the other two are sub-equal and rudimentary ; a small tooth
behind the cervical groove. Chelipedes slightly nodose. Length
1 inch ; breadth lj inch.

Port Denison (W.A.H., H.M.S. "Alert") ; Port Jackson.

140 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

266. Dromia excavata. A.M.

Dromidia excavata, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Xat. iSci. Phil, x.,
sp. 277.

Carapace as broad as long, regularly convex ; surface covered
Avith minute pores and covered with coarse hairs. Pront strongly
deflexed in the middle, mesial tooth triangular, acute, directed
downwards, barely visible when the carapace is viewed from
above ; lateral teeth conical, sub-acute. A small tooth in the
middle of the upper orbital margin ; external orbital tooth small ;
infra-orbital tooth well developed ; one or two granules near the
latter on the sub-hepatic region. Sub-hepatic regions deeply
concave, producing a concavity in the anterior portion of the
antero-lateral boundary of the carapace when viewed from above,
bounded behind by a conical tooth, behind which again the
border is convex and entire as far as the cervical groove ; postero-
lateral border short. Chelipedes not nodose, a conical tooth at
the internal and distal angle of the carpus ; fingers strongly
toothed. Length f inch.

Port Stephens, about five fathoms ; Port Jackson.

The nearest ally of this species seems to be the D. glolosa of
Lamarck ; it is distinguished from it by the absence of the
tooth on the lateral border in front of the cervical groove.

267. Dromia octodentata.

Dromia octodentata, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace broader than long, evenly convex, shining, ornamented
with numerous minute pores. Frontal teeth sub-equal, conical,
the middle one directed downwards, a conical tooth about the
middle of the upper orbital margin ; infra-orbital tooth rather
prominent. Antero-lateral border with four small conical teeth,
the first separated by a short interval from the external orbital
angle, and by a nearly equal distance from the second, third
small, separated from the second by about twice the distance
which separates the first two ; fourth larger than the third,
separated from it by an interval similar to that between the first
and second ; a little in front of the third tooth is a low rounded
tubercle. An acute tooth immediately behind the cervical
suture. An acute tooth at the distal end of the upper border

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 141

of the carpus ; hand with a row of about half-a-dozen granules
above. Length 1^ in. ; breadth If in.
Adelaide (Australian Museum).

268. Dromia sculpta.
Dromia sculpta, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace about as broad as long, ornamented, as well as the
limbs, with numerous rounded granules, but free from con-
spicuous hairs ; gastric and anterior branchial and hepatic
regions very prominent, tuberculated, each of the tubercles
capped with a group of granules. Front very prominent, with
three teeth, of which the mesial is the smallest, is triangular and
sub-acute, directed slightly downwards, but quite visible when
the carapace is viewed from above ; lateral teeth each with an
accessory denticle on its outer border (representing the supra-
orbital tooth). External orbital and infra-orbital teeth rudi-
mentary. Carpus of ehelipedes with two prominent conical
spines near the distal end of its upper surface ; three similar
spines or teeth on the upper surface of the hand, two close
above the insertion of the dactylus, the third at the proximal
end. Merus, carpus, and propodos of ambulatory limbs orna-
mented with a few short blunt spines or tubercles, and with a
few scattered short hooked hairs. Segments of the abdomen
(except the last) each ornamented with four compressed tubercles,
Length of carapace ts in.

Port Jackson, in a few fathoms of water ; Port Stephens.

269. Dromia conchifera. Plate iii., fig. 4.

Dromia conchifera, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace longer than broad, nearly flat above, very slightly
convex. Lateral borders entire with the exception of a small
tooth situated some distance in front of the transverse groove,
and separating a convex antero-lateral portion from a longer
postero-lateral portion, which is slightly concave in front and
slightly convex posteriorly. Front tridentate, bordered with
minute granules, the mesial tooth excessively minute, the
lateral teeth dorso-ventrally compressed, triangular, acute ; well
developed supra-orbital and infra-orbital teeth. Under surface of
the body and limbs rather closely covered with granules. Carpus

142 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

of chelipedes with a prominent conical projection on its outer
surface, and a smaller one internal to the first ; hand ornamented
with longitudinal rows of granules, two rounded tubercles above
the insertion of the dactylus. Dactylus granulated at base.
Carpus of ambulatory limbs, except the last, each with a small
conical tooth ; fourth pair shorter than the third, but very
stout, the carpus broad and thick with a deeply excavated
" palm," bounded by a stout conical tooth set at right angles to
the axis of the joint ; dactylus very powerful, strongly curved,
rather longer than the propodos. "Whole surface covered with
a short close green pubescence ; dactyli and granules tinged
with crimson. Length fi in. ; breadth f in.

Port Denison, 5 f ath. ; Port Molle, 15 fath. (TV. A. H., H.M.S.
"Alert:')

This species has the curious habit of protecting itself with
the valve of a Lamellibranch, which it holds tight over its back
by means of its unusually powerful and specially adapted fourth
pair of ambulatory legs.

Family PABATYMOLIDM.

Carapace in general form similar to the Maioiden. External
maxillipedes produced partly over the epistome.

The position of this family is uncertain. It is perhaps better
placed among the Gorystoidea.

Genus Parattmolus, Miers.

Carapace deflexed in front, flat behind, with the sides nearly
straight. Front prominent, narrow.

270. Paratymolus bituberculatus.

Paratymolus bituberculatus, Haswell, Ann. and Mag. Nat.
Hist. (5), Vol. v., p. 303, pi. xvi., figs. 1 and 2 (1880).

Carapace and limbs covered with a close pubescence. Rostral
spines short, blunt ; a short spine or tooth above the eye, and
two others on the lateral border behind it, the hindermost the
largest and placed at the angle of junction of the antero-lateral
and postero-lateral borders ; a small conical tooth situated about
the middle of the postero-lateral border ; gastric region with

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 143

two prominent conical tubercles. Arm with four small teeth
on its posterior border ; wrist armed with a long slender spine ;
hand sub- triangular, in lateral outline, the upper border produced
into a prominent tooth above the insertion of the dactylopodite,
outer surface ornamented with two fasciculi of short stiff setae.
Ambulatory legs slender, terminal joint longer than the
penultimate.

Gloucester Passage, Port Denison, about five fathoms.

271. Paratymolus latipes.

Paratymolus lai/pes, Haswell, 1. c, p. 303, pi. xvi., figs. 3-5.

Carapace and limbs closely pubescent. Rostrum of two
broadish lobes, each armed externally with a short acute spine
directed forwards and slightly inwards ; antero-lateral border
with four acute spines, the first (the shortest) placed in front of
the eye, the second behind it, and the third (the longest) about
half way between the second and the fourth, which occupies the
lateral angle ; dorsal surface smooth. Anterior legs stout. Arm
provided with a few small slender spines on its internal and
inferior borders ; wrist armed at its internal and distal angle
with a short stout spine ; hand compressed, its outer surface
ornamented with numerous granulations and a few minute
spinules, upper border with a row of minute spinules, inner
surface smooth. Ambulatory limbs laterally compressed.

Port Denison ; Port Jackson. Dredged in depths of under
ten fathoms.

Sub-Tribe Kaninidea.

Carapace oblong. Mouth and efferent channel as in the
Leucosiidce.

Genus Rani>~a, Lam.

Carapace triangular in outline, with the base forwards and the
apex rounded. Surface convex and unequal. Anterior border
very long, nearly straight, and armed with strong teeth, of which
the median constitutes a small rostrum. Lateral borders curved
regularly inwards. Ocular peduncles composed of three pieces ;
orbits very deep. Internal antennae not lodged in a fossa ;
provided with two short terminal flagella. External antennae

144 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

thick and very short ; basal joints expanded ; flagellum very
short. External maxillipedes operculiform, Anterior legs very
strong, but of moderate length ; carpus much flattened, immobile
linger acutely deflexed. Four posterior pairs of legs with the
terminal joint lamelliform ; the fourth pair inserted above the
third, and the fifth above the fourth.

272. Ranina dentata.

Banina serrata, Lamarck, Hist, des Anim., s. Vert., t. v., p. 225 ;
Desmarest, Cons., p. 140 ; Gfuerin, Iconogr. Crust., pi. xiv.,
fig. 3.

Banina dentata, Latreille, Encyclop., t. x., p. 268 ; Milne-
Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii., p. 194, pi. xxi., figs. 1-4 ;
De Haan, Faun. Jap., Crust., p. 139, pi. xxxv., figs. 1-3.

Carapace covered with depressed, narrow, and much elongated
tubercles ; antero-lateral border concave in the male, convex in
the female, and divided into seven lobes of which the median,
which is not at all prominent, presents in the middle a triangular
rostrum, and on each side a prominent tooth ; the internal
lateral lobes thick and terminating in a single tooth, the median
lateral armed with two teeth, the external lateral with three,
which are flattened, triangular, and rather large in the male ;
immediately behind these on the lateral border, is another
tridentate lobe of similar shape ; the rest of the lateral border
finely denticulated. Anterior legs rough ; two stout spines on
the upper border of the carpus and of the hand ; five teeth on
the lower border of the hand ; mobile finger denticulated above
and below. [M.-K]

Eastern Australian Coast. Found also in the Indian Seas.

Grenus Lyreidus, De Haan.

Sides of the carapace converging anteriorly, the antero-lateral
margin very oblique, almost longitudinal, the anterior margin
very narrow. Tarsi of the second, third, and fifth feet narrow ;
fifth pair of legs small, almost filiform.

273. Lyreidus tridentatus. A.M.

Lyreidus tridentatus, De Haan, Fauna Japonica, Crust., p. 140;
pi. v., fig. G (1849).

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 145

Greatest breadth of carapace considerably greater than half
the length. An acute spine directed forwards situated at the
junction of the antero-lateral and postero-lateral borders. Front
trilobate, the mesial lobe broad at the base, triangular, acute, the
lateral lobes narrower, acute. Surface of carapace minutely and
closely punctate. Carpus of chelipedes armed with two acute
spines above ; hand compressed, carinate above, the carina
ending anteriorly in a small spinule ; the lower border with
three acute spines ; immobile finger perpendicular to the direc-
tion of the axis of the hand; extremities of fingers hooked,
acute.

A specimen of this species was obtained with the dredge at
Port Stephens, and another is in the collection of the Hon.
William Macleay, and was dredged outside the "heads" of
Port Jackson. It was originally found on the Coast of Japan.
The Australian specimens agree closely with De Haan's figure,
and that obtained recently by Capt. St. John in the Japanese
Seas, and described by Miers (P.Z.S., 1879, p. 46), belongs cer-
tainly, as the latter conjectures, to a distinct species.

Section ANOMOURA MEDIA.

Eyes not anterior to the antennules. Antennae behind and
external to the eyes. Abdomen inflexed but not closely appressed,
provided with caudal appendages. Mouth never as in the
Leucosiidce.

Sub-Tribe Porcellanidea.

Carapace sub-orbiculate. External maxillipedes scarcely oper-
culiform, the third joint little smaller than the second. Second,
third, and fourth legs gressorial, fifth weak, inflexed.

Genus Petrolisthes, Stimpson.

Carapace depressed, sub-ovate, not broader than long, the
front triangular, prominent, margin more or less undulated,
toothed or entire. Eyes rather large. Antennae with the
peduncle more or less cristate, the first joint of the external
antennae short, not reaching the margin of the carapace. Hands
broad, depressed. Tarsi of the ambulatory legs short, rather
robust, with a single claw, [ilf.]

146 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Sub- Genus Petrolisthes.
Sides of the rostrum entire. Lateral margins of the carapace
with only a single post-ocular spine, or smooth. Anterior legs
with the arm and hand broad, of moderate length ; arm usually
with teeth on the anterior margins. [iLf.]

274. Petrolisthes elongatus.

Porceilmia elonr/ata, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat, Crust., ii., p. 251 ;
White, Dieffenbach's New Zealand, ii., p. 265.

Petrolisthes elongatus, Miers, Zool. " Erebus and Terror,"
Crust., p. 3, pLiii., fig. 3 (1874) ; Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. GO (1876).

Carapace slightly granular; gastric region with two slight
elevations, and separated from the rest of the carapace by a
very distinct groove; lateral borders of the carapace acute.
Front triangular, little deflexed, very prominent, with a deep
mesial furrow. Anterior legs having the posterior border of the
carpus armed with two or three spiniform teeth, a very obtuse
tooth at the base of its anterior border. \_M.-E.~]

Said to occur on the Australian Coast ; found also in New
Zealand.

275. Petrolisthes dentatus. A.M.
PorceUmia dentata, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii., p. 251.
Front triangular, moderately prominent, with a mesial groove,

but without well-marked lateral grooves. Anterior border of
the carpus armed with four to five broad flattened teeth, its
posterior border with a row of teeth. [M.-E.~\
Port Denison.

276. Petrolisthes inermis. A.M.
Petrolisthes inermis, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol.vi.
Carapace longer than broad, rather flat above, obscurely

lineolate behind and at the sides. Front rather prominent,
triangular, with a deep longitudinal mesial furrow. Anterior
legs rather depressed, the carpus as long as the carapace, its
anterior border acute, with a low tooth near its proximal end, its
posterior border with two teeth, the second at the distal end, the
first near it. Ambulatory legs transversely lineolate, free from
teeth or spines. Length W in. ; breadth | in.
Port Denison (Mr. Alex. Morton).

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 147

This species is a close ally of P. japonica, De Haan, but
differs from it in having but two teeth on the anterior border of
the carpus of the anterior legs and other points ; it is distin-
guished from P. elonc/atits, as figured in the Voyage of the
" Erebus and Terror," by having all the limbs much more slender.

Sub- Genus Petrocheles, Miers

Sides of the rostrum spinose. Lateral margins of the carapace
with a series of spines. Anterior legs elongated, slender, arm
with a series of spines on the anterior margin.

277. Petrocheles australiensis. A.M.
Petrocheles australiensis, Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 61 (1876).
Carapace depressed, lateral margins with a series of ten or

eleven small spines. Front prominent, lateral margins with
three or four spinules ; two spines on the carapace at the base
of the front. Two longitudinal series of eight spines each on
the upper and posterior surface of the arm, the upper margin of
the mobile finger spinulous. [M.]
Mordialloc, Victoria.

Genus Porcellana, Lamarck.

Carapace usually convex, as broad as long, sometimes broader,
sub-orbicular and depressed above. Peduncle of the antenna?
cylindrical, not crested, first joint extending to the margin of
the carapace.

278. Porcellana biunguiculata. A.M.

Porcellana biunr/uiculata, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust,
i., p. 411, pi. xxvi.', fig. 1 (1852).

A little transverse, very convex and sub-globose, smooth •
front as seen from above straight. Anterior feet of moderate
size ; carpus more than twice as long as broad, entire, smooth •
and smooth, obsoletely punctate, wholly naked, fingers very
much gaping, the superior quite regularly and largely arcuate.
Following feet naked, or very nearly so, tarsus short ; profoundly
two-clawed. \_D.~\

Holborn Island, off Port Denison, 20 fathoms (Mr. Alex.
Morton).

148 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

279. Porcellana pulchella.

Porcellana pulchella, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace oval in outline ; surface very obscurely lineolate ;
lateral margins entire. Front broad, nearly straight, but with a
very obscure mesial lobe ; inner orbital angles very slightly
projecting. Chelipedes large, the right the larger ; carpus
strongly tuberculated above, armed with two conical teeth inter-
nally; propodos ornamented externally with four longitudinal
ridges, strongly tuberculated in the smaller chelipede, nearly
smooth in the larger, and separated by deep sulci. Ambulatory
legs with a few obscure granules above. Length of carapace
i in. Colour cream colour, with six rounded orange spots on
the carapace, and others on the chelipedes and ambulatory limbs.

Holborn Island, 20 fathoms ; Port Molle.

This species is allied to P. sculpta, Milne-Edwards, but differs
from it in having two teeth on the anterior border of the carpus ;
from P. pisvm it is distinguished by the possession of the flat
tubercles on the carpus, and the longitudinal sulci on the
propodos.

280. Porcellana vigintispinosa. A.M.

Porcellana virjintispinosa, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace faintly lineolate ; front trilobed, the middle lobe
sub-acute, more prominent than the lateral which are obscure ;
four minute acute spiniform teeth on the lateral border just
behind the eye, the last of the four the largest ; further back
and separated by an interval from these are six more acute teeth,
the first three very small, the last three larger. Left chelipede
larger than the right; merus strongly crested internally, the
crest armed with one or two obscure denticles ; carpus with a
sharp crest, divided into three teeth in its proximal portion,
entire in its distal portion ; propodos rounded, smooth. Length
?Vin.

Holborn Island, 20 fathoms (Mr. Alex. Morton).

281. Porcellana nitida. A.M.

Porcellana nitida, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace a little longer than broad, closely lineolate. Front
prominent, trilobed, the central lobe much larger than the

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 149

others, triangular, the lateral lobes very small ; two acute teeth
behind the orbit, and a rounded lobe on the lateral border a
little further back. Carpus of chelipedes a little longer than
broad, smooth, with a sharp entire internal crest ; propodos
smooth, narrow ; fingers hooked and crossing one another at the
tips. Length J in.

Port Denison, five fathoms.

282. Porcellana triloba.

PorceUaneUa triloba, White, Voyage of H.M.S. " Rattlesnake,"
Appendix, p. 394, pi. v., fig. 2.

Carapace somewhat flattened ; front produced into three large
teeth or lobes ; the middle lobe the widest and most prominent,
the sides of the outer lobes rounded ; carapace longer than wide,
the upper surface smooth, polished, with some transverse lines,
wbich are most observable in front and at the sides. Chelipedes
long and smooth, the finger crossing at the tips, their inner edge
rough, scarcely toothed ; propodos rounded, internally, keeled
externally, ornamented in the distal half with a thickish line of
hairs.

Cape Capricorn, 15 fathoms.

283. Porcellana dispar. A.M.
Porcellana dispar, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Slat. Sci., Philad.,

x., sp. 297.

Carapace a little asymmetrical, smooth, pubescent at the sides.
Lateral margin with two denticles near the middle, and armed
with a spinule above the insertion of the antennae. Pront nearly
straight, scarcely convex, acutely deflexed in the middle. Cheli-
pedes very unequal ; the larger smooth ; carpus angulated in the
middle, the anterior margin undulated ; propodos broad, naked,
not twisted ; fingers punctate, dactylus curved, armed internally
with a single tooth. Smaller chelipede with the propodos acutely
angulated, the outer border pubescent ; fingers much contorted
and curved inwards, ornamented with long hairs ; carpus bi-
dentate on its anterior margin — the teeth obtuse.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

A very common species in Port Jackson. The asymmetry of
the carapace described by Stimpson is abnormal, being due to

150 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

the frequent presence of a Bopyrid parasite in the branchial cavity
of one side. The shape of the chelipedes varies much with age.

284. Porcellana corallicola. A.M.

Porcellana corallicola, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace slightly tuberculated at the sides ; the regions well
marked. Front not prominent, triangular, with a deep longitu-
dinal mesial furrow, its anterior border ornamented with minute
denticles which are sometimes acute, sometimes obtuse. Lateral
borders with four or five minute spine-like denticles situated
about the middle of the branchial region. Carpus and propodos
of chelipedes fringed externally with hairs, flat above, curved
below ; internal and external borders of carpus armed with a
row of acute denticles ; upper surface with three longitudinal
rows of granules separated by sulci ; hand compressed, triangular,
with rows of granules ; fingers compressed, granular, their inner
borders nearly straight, their apices scarcely hooked. Length

-rs in.

Port Molle, on coral reefs (W. A. H.).

285. Porcellana transversa. A.M.

Porcellana transversa, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace much broader than long, nearly smooth, lineolate
behind, the regions faintly defined ; protogastric lobes prominent.
Front not prominent, nearly straight ; lateral margins entire,
scarcely crested. Merus of chelipedes transversely lineolate,
hairy ; carpus one and a half times as long as broad, fringed with
hairs on its inner border, which projects in the form of a crest,
nearly smooth above ; propodos thickly clothed with hairs exter-
nally, a longitudinal granular line at its lower border, running to
the end of the immobile finger, which has a conical tooth at the
base of its cutting edge, and is strongly hooked at its apex ;
mobile finger with a granular hairy ridge above, a slight conical
tooth at the base of its cutting edge, and with the apex strongly
hooked and acute. Length W in. ; breadth iV in.

Bowen ; found by Mr. Alex. Morton in the siphons of an
Aspergillum.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 151

Sub-Tribe Hippidea.
Carapace oblong, convex, and rounded above. Either the
external or internal antennae very long. External maxillipedes
somewhat operculiform, with the terminal joints considerably
developed. Eirst pair of legs monodactyle or subchelate, the
three following pairs with the terminal joints more or less
expanded, lamellate. Fifth pair of legs filiform, indexed.

G-enus Eemipes, Latr.
Carapace regularly oval, less than one and a quarter times as
long as broad. Front rather wide and truncate. External angle
of the orbit much more prominent than the front. Eyes scarcely
retractile, peduncle composed of two mobile portions. Internal
antenna? inserted beneath the eyes, large, with long, multi-
articulated flagella. External antennae short and very broad.
External maxillipedes short and broad, with the third joint oper-
culiform, the three terminal joints constituting a semi-prehensile
organ. Anterior legs very long, broad at base, terminal joint
styliform, acute, and slightly flattened, terminal joints of the
next two pairs expanded and lamellate, of the fourth pair nearly
conical. Fifth pair of legs slender and concealed beneath the
carapace. Sternum linear. Abdomen long, terminal segment
far exceeding in length the rest of the abdomen.

*t>

286. Remipes testudinarius.

Hippa adactyla, Fabr., Suppl., p. 370.

Cancer emeritus, Herbst, p. 8, pi. xii., fig. 4.

Remipes testudinarius, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., ii.,
p. 206, pi. xxi., figs. 11-20.

Carapace covered with small, transverse, short and arched,
crenulated striae. Front excavated in the middle, and less pro-
minent than the external orbital angle. Lateral borders of the
carapace thin, and surmounted by a groove ornamented with very
short fasciculi of hairs so as to appear denticulated. The length
of the anterior limbs varies according to the sex. [M.-U.]

Section ANOMOURA SUBMEDIA.
Eyes distinctly in front of the first pair of antenna?. Abdomen
much dilated, indexed, but not closely appressed, without caudal
appendages.

152 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Sub-Tribe Lithodea.

Carapace sub-triangulate as in the Maioidea. Abdomen broad,
almost symmetrical. None of the feet natatorial, the second,
third, and fourth alike, the fifth small, inflexed beneath the
carapace.

Genus Lomis, Milne-Edwards.

Carapace depressed, rostrum rudimentary ; surface tomentose.
Ocular peduncles triangular. Fifth joint of the outer maxilli-
pedes very broad. Chelipedes very large, broad, and depressed.
Following three pairs of legs with the last joint sub-conical ;
last pair very slender.

287. Lomis hirta. A.M.

Porcellana hirta, Lamarck, Hist, des An. s. Vert., t. v., p. 229 ;
Desmarest, Consicl., p. 295.

Lomis hirta, Milne- Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 188 ;
Hess, Archiv fur Naturg., Band xxxi., p. 159, pi. vii., fig. 15
(1865).

Body covered above with very short close down. Hands as
broad as the carapace, carpus as large as the arm, nearly
quadrilateral.

Tasmania.

Section ANOMOURA INFERIORA.
Eyes anterior to the first pair of antennae. Second pair of
antennae posterior and external to the eyes. Abdomen elongate,
scarcely inflexed, with caudal, and often ventral appendages.

Sub-Tribe Pagukidea.

Carapace more or less elongated, and of softer consistency
behind. Eyes pedunculate, not retractile, and directed forwards.
External maxillipedes pediform. Abdomen usually soft, unsym-
metrical, with unequal appendages. Anterior legs with a well-
developed hand. Fourth and fifth pairs of ambulatory legs
short, raised above the rest, and usually didactyle.

Genus Eupagurus, Brandt.
Front acute in the middle. Ophthalmic segment exposed,
without a mobile scale. Eye-peduncles of moderate size.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 153

External antenna? with a long flagellum, the basal scale slender.
External maxillipedes rather large, distant from one another at
the base. Anterior legs unequal, the right the largest, fingers
not spoon-excavate at the tips. Fourth pair of ambulatory legs
scarcely subchelate. Abdomen unsymmetrical, soft, without
calcareous plates.

288. Eupagurus sinuatus.

Eupagurus sinuatus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,
Vol. x., sp. 348.

Rostriform tooth acute, prominent. Eyes thick, shorter than
the aciculum, the cornea? a little dilated, apices of the squamules
elongated. Right chelipede not longer than the ambulatory
legs, short-pubescent, granulated ; carpus sub-triangular, the
internal margin spinose, the surface with a smooth median line ;
hand broad, armed with median and marginal series of spines in
the female, finger armed above with a median row of acute
tubercles. Left chelipede sub-trigonal, hirsute, and granulated,
the upper margin of the carpus spinose, hand not spinulose,
with a sub-median obtuse carina. Merus of the chelipedes pro-
foundly excavated below, the margins provided with long cilia,
the external margin spinose. Eeet of the second and third pairs
hirsute above, not spinulose, dactyli rather broad, not twisted,
armed with horny spinules. \_Stim2)s.~\

Port Jackson.

289. Eupagurus acantholepis.

Eupagurus acantholepis, Stimpson, 1. c, sp. 350.

Pvostriform tooth obsolete. Ophthalmic segment exposed,
provided with a sub-bifurcate squamule. Eyes slender, extending
beyond the peduncles of the antenna?, not shorter than the
breadth of the front, curved outwards, the cornea? not dilated ;
squamules rather small, bidentate at the apex. Aciculum small.
Eeet slender, clothed with scattered long hairs. Chelipedes
spinulose above (the right the larger), hands a little depressed,
spinules triserial ; carpi a little canaliculated above. Second
and third pairs of legs longer than the chelipedes ; dactyli not
contorted, compressed, almost falciform, with slender points

154 AUSTKALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

abdomen provided with a conical process, with a corneous apex
on the right side of the base below. Length 1 in. [Sti>iips.~]

Port Jackson.

290. Eupagurus frontalis.

Pagurus frontalis, Milne-Edwards, Ann. des Sci. Nat. (2e
serie), t. vi., p. 283, pi. xiii., fig. 3 ; Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii.,
p. 234 (1837).

Rostriform tooth large, triangular, and rather prominent.
Front deeply excavated on each side of this tooth, and strongly
grooved near its border. Ocular peduncles cylindrical, of the
length of the anterior border of the carapace, and passing much
beyond the third joint of the internal antennae ; squamiform
teeth at their base small, dilated, pointed, and closely approxi-
mated. Anterior legs unequal, swollen, very finely granulated
and a little spinose above. Second and third pairs of legs
smooth, having on their upper border and on the tarsus a few
black spiniform points. Fourth pair of legs scarcely sub-
chelif orm ; last pair extremely short. Length about four inches.
Colour reddish, livid ; a few yellowish hairs on the hand and the
sides of the carapace. \_M.-E.~\

Australia.

291. Eupagurus setifer.

Pagurus setifer, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii., p. 225.

Ocular peduncles moderate, much shorter than the anterior
border of the carapace, but passing beyond the peduncle of the
internal antennas ; cornea small, and only occupying about the
fifth of the length of the peduncle. Spiniform palp of the
external antennas very small. Anterior portion of the carapace
much depressed, polished, and marked with several linear grooves
of which the median circumscribe a kind of cushion. Anterior
legs small (the left a little stouter than the right), hairy, and a
little spinose on the upper border. Two following pairs of legs
short, thick, cylindrical, and scarcely spinose except at the
external border of their third joint. Left leg of the third pair
with three longitudinal crests separated by deep grooves, the
two external crests marginal and setiferous. Legs covered with

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 155

a large quantity of long yellow hairs. Colour red mixed with
yellow. [JC-JR]
Port Jackson.

Genus Pagurus, M.-Edw.

Front straight in the middle. Ophthalmic segment exposed,
with a mobile scale. Eye peduncles stout, and usually con-
stricted in the middle, with the basal scale short. External
maxillipedes approximated at the base. Anterior legs unequal,
the left the largest, fingers opening vertically, with corneous
tips, more or less spoon-excavate. Ambulatory legs with the
coxa? approximated at the base, the fourth pair chelate. Abdomen
soft, unsymmetrical, of the male without genital appendages.

292. Pagurus punctulatus. A.M.

Pagurus punctulatus, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., ii.,
p. 222.

Ocular peduncles thick, cylindrical, and rather long, but
passing very little beyond the peduncle of the external antenna?,
shorter than the peduncle of the internal antenna?, and much
shorter than the anterior border of the carapace ; cornea small,
not occupying quarter of the length of the peduncle. Spinif orm
palpi of the external antenna? small. Anterior legs dilated,
very unequal (the left very thick), and covered with strong
pointed spines ornamented at their base with bundles of long
stiff hairs. Second pair of legs nearly cylindrical, and orna-
mented with a multitude of stiff hairs, at the base of each of
which are two pointed spines. Abdomen with four broad
transverse plates, and with four appendages, which in the male
are simple and very small, and in the female (with the exception
of the last) stout and provided with three well-developed rami.
General colour, orange red with ocellated white spots, bordered
with brown or black. \_M.-EP\

Australia. Occurs also widely distributed in the Red Sea,
Indian and Pacific Oceans.

293. Pagurus pedunculatus.

Cancer pedunculatus, Herbst.

Pagurus pedunculatus, Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), v.,
p. 374 (1880).

156 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

Allied to P. deformis, but distinguished by the hand of the
larger chelipede being somewhat more closely granulated between
the larger tubercles, which, as in P. deformis, are disposed in
longitudinal series on the upper and outer surface of the palm ;
the mobile finger is granulated but not carinated on its upper
and outer surface, the granules being disposed in longitudinal
series ; the penultimate joint of the third left leg is smooth, not
carinated as in P. deformis; the terminal joint, however, is nearly
of the same form as in that species. \_Miers.']

Port Jackson. The above is Miers' description of the speci-
mens in the British Museum collection referred to P.pedimculatus
by White.

294. Pagurus minutus.

Parjurus minutus, Hess, Archiv fur Nat., xxxi., p. 160 (LS65).

Anterior portion of the carapace oval. Lateral borders
convex, smooth. Appendages of the external antenna? not
reaching the length of the peduncles of the eyes, but reaching
beyond the peduncle of the antennae. Legs long, sparingly
clothed with bristles, chelipedes beset with tubercles arranged in
several straight lines on the hand. Fingers small, not toothed.
Colour dull grey. [Hess.]

Sydney (Grottingen Museum).

Genus Diogenes, Dana.

Ophthalmic segment rostrate. Fourth pair of legs sub-
cheliform. Left chelipede the larger ; fingers acuminate, cal-
careous at the tips.

295. Diogenes miles.

Cancer miles, Fabr., Ent. Syst, ii., p. 470.
Cancer Diogenes, Herbst, ii, 17, pi. xxii., fig. 5.

Pagicrus miles, Fabr., Supp., p. 412; M.-Edw., Hist. Nat.
Crust., ii., p. 235 ; Ann. des Sci. Nat. (2e serie), vi., p. 284}
pi. xiv., fig. 2.

Diorjenes miles, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., Vol. i.,
p. 439.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 157

Ocular peduncles moderate, not extending much beyond the
penultimate joint of the antenna? ; the basal scales broad, flat,
and applied against the rostriform prolongation. Anterior legs
very unequal ; that of the left side very strong, and all covered
above with more or less pointed spines. Following pairs of legs
granular and spinose above ; their tarsus very long, with a
trenchant border, grooved externally, and armed below with
spines. Abdomen of the male having four rather large appen-
dages, terminated by a long simple lamella. Colour yellowish.

New South "Wales (Dana) ; also on the coasts of India, and
in the Sooloo Archipelago.

296. Diogenes custos.

Pagurus custos, Eabr., Supp., 412, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat.
Crust, t. ii., p. 23G.

Diogenes custos, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 440,
pi. xxvii., fig. 10 ; Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,
Vol. x., sp. 312.

Posterior region of the carapace pilose ; anterior region with
a few hairs in tufts, and surface a little uneven. Ophthalmic
rostriform appendage sparingly dentate, and not as narrow as
in the miles. Outer antennae having the flagellum fringed below
the acicle, hardly prolonged into a process on the inner side,
and its outer process not reaching beyond the apex of the joint
following it. Large hand finely granulated above, and not armed
with spines on its upper border. Tarsus of the two following
pairs of legs without spyies. Otherwise like D. miles,

New South "Wales (Dana) ; Sydney (Stimpson).

297. Diogenes granulatus.

Diogenes gramtlatus, Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., v., (5),
p. 373 (foot-note), 1880.

Eostrum short, acute, non-spinulous, not projecting beyond
the level of the ophthalmic scales, which are sub-triangulate and
entire ; the arm and wrist of the larger (left) chelipede robust
and coarsely granulated on their upper and external surface, the
hand somewhat less coarsely granulated, except on the upper
margins, very convex on its outer surface, particularly near its
articulation with the wrist ; lower (immobile) finger bent down-

158 AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRACA.

ward, and forming an obtuse angle with the lower margin of the
palm. Dactyli of the second and third legs on the left-hand
side rather short, scarcely exceeding the penultimate joint in
length ; on the right hand side they are relatively longer and
curved. [Miers.~]

Shark's Bay (Brit. Museum).

298. Diogenes senex,

Diogenes senex, Heller, Reise der Novara, Crust., p. 85, pi. vii.,
fig. 3.

Carapace a little hirsute above ; front rounded in the middle ;
lateral teeth acute, little prominent. Rostrum mobile, very
acute, spiniform, reaching the apex of the ophthalmic squamules.
Eyes reaching a little beyond the peduncle of the antenna?,
ophthalmic squamules broad, sub-arcuate externally, the apex
armed with 2-3 spinules. Chelipedes unequal, the left much
the larger, carpus and palm acutely granulated, denticulate at
the upper margin, the palm a little broader than the carpus,
with a rough longitudinal ridge in the middle of the outer surface,
fingers short, hand and fingers clothed with long hairs. Bight
chelipede short, also pilose. Ambulatory legs slender, hirsute,
the dactylus a little longer than the propodos. [Heller.']

Sydney.

G-enus Calcinus, Dana.

Anterior feet unequal, the left larger. Fingers moving in a
vertical plane, calcareous at the tips, spoon-excavate. Front
with a small point as a rostrum.

299. Calcinus terrse-reginse. A.M.

Calcinus terrce-regince, Haswell, 1. c.

Surface of carapace and limbs ornamented with scattered
punctations. Eyes slender, longer than the front of the carapace ;
basal scale slender. Left chelipede somewhat swollen, smooth ;
hand with a row of small granules below ; fingers widely gaping,
obscurely toothed internally. Bight chelipede with the carpus
and hand compressed, slightly granulate externally, and with a
few scattered hairs ; hand strongly cristate above, the crest
divided into five strong teeth ; mobile finger with three or four

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 159

small teeth above. Carpus of the second and third legs with a
minute acute spine at the distal end of its upper border. Am-
bulatory legs with a few scattered fasciculi of hairs. In speci-
mens preserved in spirits the chelipedes (with the exception of
the fingers and the carpus of the ambulatory legs) are green ;
the fingers are colourless ; the propodos of the ambulatory legs
is light dull red ; the basal portion of the dactylus dark purple,
the distal portion light yellow with a black tip. The rest of the
surface is washed with light brown and olive. Length about
one inch.

Claremont Islands, Queensland coast, on coral reef (W.A.H.,
H.M.S. " Alert r)

G-enus Clibanarias, Dana.
Anterior feet sub-equal. Fingers moving in a horizontal
plane, corneous at tips, spoon-excavate. Front having a small
mesial tooth as a rostrum. [D.]

300. Clibanarius striolatus. A.M.

Clibanarius striolatus, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 463.

Anterior region of the carapace nearly quadrate. Eyes
slender, about as long as the anterior margin of the carapace,
basal scale narrow, bidentate at apex. Anterior feet sub-equal.
Hands short and, with the carpus, spinituberculate above and
pilose, the left in the male slightly the larger. Feet of second
and third pairs short hirsute in tufts on the upper and lower
sides, tarsus subterete, as long as the preceding joint, fifth joint,
left side, of third pair slightly convex and having a right-angled
edge above. [-D.]

A specimen of: a Clibanarius from Holborn Island, Port
Denison, Queensland, agrees tolerably well with Dana's descrip-
tion and figure of C. striolatus, but the spines on the hand and
carpus are longer, and the ophthalmic scale has not quite the
shape represented in the figure.

Family CENOBITIDjE.

Internal antennae greatly elongated, the first joint often longer
than the eyes, strongly deflexed. Palp of the external maxilli-
pedes without a flagellum.

160 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Genus Cenobita, Milne-Edwards.
Body narrow ; carapace elongate ; front not rostrate. Abdo-
men spirally coiled ; its surface for the most part fleshy.

301. Cenobita rugosa.

Cenobita rugosa, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 241 ; Dana,
U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 471 ; Heller, Reise der Novara,
Crust., p. 82.

Cenobita clypeata, Owen, Crust. " Blossom," p. 85, pi. xxv.,
fig. 3.

Gastric region nearly flat ; labial border of the branchial
regions very prominent and slightly curved. Ocular peduncles
much compressed, about twice as long as high, their basal scale
moderate and pointed. Legs granular and slightly muricate.
Laro'e hand moderate, ornamented above with a row of small
oblique and parallel crests. Tarsi short and triangular. Superior
and external border of the two last joints of the third left leg
raised into an obtuse crest.

Sydney. Occurs also in the Indian Ocean, and at Tahiti.

302. Cenobita Olivieri.

Pagurus chjpeatus, Olivier, Encycl., viii., p. 643, pi. 311, fig. 1.

Cenobita Olivieri, Owen. Crust. "Blossom," p. 81; Dana,
U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 470.

Surface of carapace with absolescent granuliform tubercles,
but nearly smooth. Peduncles of eyes rough, granulous above,
very much compressed, height more than half the length ;
triangular, vertically oblong. The superior of the flagella of the
inner antennae about double the length of the inferior. Large
hand with short and small but spiniform tubercles, which are
obsolescent below and crowded above, especially on the moveable
finger. A dense tuft of short hair along the upper margin of
both hands. Inner surface of hands flat or even excavate in
the upper half. Tarsi short, but very little longer than the
preceding joint, and very stout, with short spiniform tubercles
having black corneous tips, and rest of legs similar in surface
except that the points are less crowded. A short pubescence on
some of the legs. [Dana.']

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 161

N. W. Coast of Australia (Capt. Wolcott, K.N.). Found
previously in the Paumotu Archipelago, at Clermont Tonnerre,
Waterlancl Islands, and Tahiti.

303. Oenobita brunnea.

Genobita brunnea, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 470,
pi. xxix., fig. 10.

Birgus hirsutus, Hess, Archiv fur Naturg., Vol. xxxi., p. 1G2,
pi. vii., fig. 16.

Anterior region of the carapace convex, naked, smooth. Eyes
hardly shorter than the front, smooth. Feet armed with short
conical spines having corneous tips ; anterior pair sub-equal,
hands sparsely hirsute, upper margin of hands dense pilose,
carpus of left leg having upper surface gibbous. Second and
third pairs lax and sparsely hirsute, tarsus subterete, very long
(longer than the fifth joint), spinules of outer surface imperfectly
seriate.

Sydney? (Hess). Found originally at Upolu.

Sub-Tribe G-alatheidea.
Carapace elongated, of hard, crustaceous consistency, and
with a deep groove above, partly defining the gastric region.
Internal antennae short, external antennae elongated. External
maxillipedes pediform. Sternum wider behind. Abdomen elon-
gated, rounded above, of crustaceous texture, with elongated
appendages beneath, and terminal appendages fan-shaped and
expanded as in the Macroura. Anterior legs large, perfectly
chelate. Three following pairs with styliform tarsi ; fifth pair
weak, inflexed.

Genus Gtalathea, Fabr.

Front unicuspidate. Basal joint of the internal antennae
cylindrical. External maxillipedes of moderate length, the ter-
minal joints not expanded.

304. Galathea australiensis. A.M.
Galathea australiensis, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,

Vol. x., sp. 351.

Carapace broad behind, strigose, the ridges with rather long
cilia, the gastric region moderately circumscribed, armed with

162 ATTSTBALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

two spinules in front. Lateral margin eight- spined, including
the spines above and below the antennae. Eostrum broad,
triangular, the surface densely pubescent, the margin with four
teeth on either side, the teeth long, acute, spiniform. Chelipedes
rather stout, bordered with a few spines, the fingers depressed,
not gaping, 1-2 dentate. [St imps.]

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

This is a very near ally of Dana's G. spinosirostris, and may
prove to be identical with that species.

305. Galathea corallicola.

Galathea corallicola, Haswell, P. L. S., N.S.TV., Vol. vi.

Nearly allied to the preceding ; distinguished from it by the
absence of the spines on the gastric region, by having the frontal
region rather narrow, the eyes longer, and the hands both longer
and broader and with very few spines. In some specimens the
hands are broader than in others, and the fingers gape widely.
Length about f in.

Port Molle, Queensland, under blocks of dead coral between
tide marks. (W. A. H.)

306. Galathea magniflca.

Galathea magniflca, Haswell, 1. c.

Carapace and rostrum nearly as in G. corallicola, but the latter
relatively shorter. Eyes more prominent than in G. corallicola,
but not so thick. Chelipedes very small, about f of the length
of the body, slender ; fingers not gaping. Length | in. Colour
bright red, with a brilliant purple stripe down the centre of the
carapace ; legs ornamented with transverse bands of darker red
and purple ; fingers dark reddish brown, yellow at the tips.

A number of specimens of this remarkable species were
obtained with the dredge in a depth of about 25 fathoms off
Broughton's Islands, near Port Stephens.

307. Galathea aculeata.

Galathea aculeata, Haswell, 1. c.

Allied to G. corallicola in the form of the carapace and
rostrum, but with the central spine of the latter very long, pro-

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 163

jecting far beyond the others. Chelipedes longer than the body,
with few spines, the propodos short and narrow, the fingers not
gaping. Length f in.

Holborn Island, 20 fathoms ; Port Molle, 14 fathoms (W. A.H.,
H.M.S. "Alert").

308. Galathea elegans. ?

? Galathea elegans, Adams and "White, Zoology of the
"Samarang," Crustacea, pi. xii., fig. 7.

Eostrum very long, more than half the length of the rest of
the carapace, triangular, nearly entire, with seven small denticu-
lations on each side. Lateral borders of the carapace with about
a dozen sharp spinous teeth. Chelipedes very long, twice as
long as the carapace and rostrum, slender, with few spines ;
fingers not gaping, not half the length of the hand. Colour
yellowish, with three narrow longitudinal dark purple bands on
the body, and one on either side of the chelipedes and ambulatory
legs. Length f in.

Holborn Island, 20 fathoms.

The chelipedes in the single specimen are very much longer
and more slender than in the figure in the Voyage of the
" Samarang."

309. Galathea deflexifrons.
Galathea deflexifrons, Haswell, 1. c.

Closely allied to the preceding, distinguished from it only by
having the rostrum distinctly deflexed, and the denticles on its
borders almost obsolete. Colour dark purple.

Albany Passage, among Comatulids (W. A. H., H. M. S.
"Alert").

Tribe MACKOUKA.

Abdomen elongate, extended backward, with lamellar appen-
dages beneath. Appendages to the penultimate segment large,
laterally expanded, and constituting, with the terminal segment,
a fan-like swimming apparatus. Sternum usually linear through-
out its length. Antennae very greatly developed, inner without
f ossettes. External maxillipedes nearly always pedif orm. Buccal
cavity not distinctly defined in front.

1G4 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Sub-Tribe Thalas sin idea.
Carapace usually deep and laterally compressed, with two
longitudinal and usually a dorsal suture. Scale of the external
antennae small or obsolete. Anterior legs largely developed,
usually laterally compressed and adapted to burrowing. The
integument of the body almost membranaceous in texture.

Family I. GEBIIDJE.

External maxillipedes pediform. Caudal and other abdominal
appendages broad.

G-enus G-ebia, Leach.

Carapace with a short triangular rostrum. Internal antennae
very short ; external antenna? slender, without any basal scale.
External maxillipedes pediform. Anterior legs with the hand
elongate, compressed, imperfectly sub-chelate, the upper mobile
finder closing against a rudimentary inferior immobile finger.
Ambulatory legs monodactyle, first pair somewhat expanded and
compressed, tarsus styliform. Abdomen long, and expanded
posteriorly, without branchial appendages ; caudal appendages
broad.

310. Gebia hirtifrons. «

Qelia hirtifrons, White, Proc. Zool. Soc, p. 122 (1847) ; List
Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 71 (1847) ; Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (2),
Vol. i., p. 225 (1848) ; E. J. Miers, Zool. " Erebus and Terror,"
Crust., p. 4, pi. in., fig. 5; nee Dana; Kirk, Trans. N.Z.
Institute, xi., p. 401 (1879).

Eront triangular ; anterior portion of carapace with six or
seven longitudinal rows of small tubercles, furnished at the tip
with tufts of hairs. Hand slender, hairy on its outer surface,
and not denticulated below, the immobile finger quite rudimen-
tary. Wrist with a spine at its upper apex, and one on the
inner surface, but none at the lower apex.

Port Jackson, in the interior of sponges.

The above description — from the brief and unsatisfactory
diagnosis of White, and from a note by Mr. Miers in the
Catalogue of the New Zealand Crustacea, descriptive of the
type specimen of the species in the British Museum — applies

AUSTBALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 165

very well to the species of Gebia commonly found as a tenant of
various sponges in Port Jackson. In the female the minute
spines on the wrist are rudimentary or absent.

311. Gebia spinifrons. Plate iii , fig. 5.

Gebia spinifrons, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. vi.

Front divided into three parts by two deep lateral longitudinal
grooves, which extend on the upper surface of the carapace,
becoming shallower posteriorly and bending slightly outwards ;
the mesial portion of the front much more prominent than the
lateral portions, and forming a triangular rostrum with a narrow
mesial longitudinal groove above ; lateral portions each with two
small acute teeth below near their extremity ; cephalic region of
the carapace marked with numerous transverse scabrous lines
beset with hairs ; anterior border, below the lateral frontal
process, and behind the base of the antenna?, with three pro-
minent acute spines ; two others on the outer portion of the
antennary sternum, three smaller close together in a longitudinal
row, on the hepatic region parallel with and close below the
lateral border, and a row of 2-10 others bordering the lateral
portions of the cervical groove behind. First three pairs of legs
having the merus armed below with a variable number of acnte
spines ; first pair also armed with a row of spines on the upper
border of the propodos and carpus, and a single spine on the
upper border of the merus near the distal extremity ; second pair
with a single spine on the upper border of the carpus, and two
near the distal end of the upper border of the merus. Length
3 in.

Port Stephens, eight fathoms.

Genus Axius, Leach.

Hands broad, the immobile finger well-developed. Second
pair of legs smaller than the first, sublamellate, didactylous ;
third, fourth, and fifth monodactyle. Rostrum simple, trian-
gulate. External antennae with a small basal squame.

312. Axius glyptocercus.

Axius glyptocercus, E. von Martens, Monatsber. Akad. Wiss.
Berlin, 1868, p. 613.

166 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

Rostrum reaching the second joint of the peduncle of the
external antennae, emarginate at the apex, with six teeth on
either side, and beset with fasciculi of hairs between ; a longitu-
dinal line in the middle, which, however, does not reach to the
apex. Anterior border of the carapace beset with two large
teeth above the insertion of the external antennee, and two small
ones below. Gastric region wrinkled. First, third, fourth, and
fifth abdominal segments always with two, the second with ten
teeth on the lateral borders ; third, fourth, and fifth with a fringe
of hairs on the hinder half of the lateral borders. Telson with
an elevated transverse ridge which developes into a small point.
Both the internal and the external rami of the sixth pair of
abdominal appendages with two keels on the internal ramus, one of
these is on the outer border and without spine, the other has
four spines, and between the two are three more spines ; on the
external ramus both keels are curved and without spines, the
outer the stronger, and the external border armed with sixteen
strong teeth. \E. von M.~]

Cape York (Darnel).

Family THALASSIN1DJS.
Abdomen and caudal appendages narrow. External maxilli-
pedes pedif orm.

G-enus Thalassina, Latreille.
Carapace short, narrow, and much elevated ; gastric region
small and limited behind by a deep groove ; front with a small
triangular rostrum. External maxillipedes of moderate length,
pedif orm, the second joint armed with spiniform teeth on its
internal face. Eirst pair of legs narrow and moderately elongated,
but tolerably stout, very unequal ; hand with a tooth at its inf ero-
distal angle forming a tooth-like immobile finger ; mobile finger
very large ; legs of the second pair much compressed and rather
broad. Abdomen very long, narrow, semi- cylindrical, and nearly
of the same thickness in all its extent. Telson small, rami of
the appendages of the sixth abdominal segment almost linear.

313. Thalassina maxima.

Thalassina maxima, Hess, Archiv fiir Natur., xxxi., p. 163,
pi. vii., fig. 18 (1865).

AUSTBALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

167

Carapace strongly compressed, becoming rather narrower in
front. A strong horizontal tooth in the middle of the hinder
border of the carapace. Branchial regions strongly granulated
at the front border and on the surface. Eostrum rather thick,
eyes prominent, with a row of impressed points on either side, in
which hairs are inserted. At some distance from the rostrum
on either side is a raised longitudinal line which ends in front in
a tooth. Hepatic region roughly granulated. Legs strongly
toothed, claws and tarsi thickly fringed with hairs. Arm with a
long bent very acute tooth at its apex. Carpus with a row of
thick teeth above. Hand large, with two longitudinal raised
lines on its upper border. Immobile finger very small, mobile
finger larger with a deep longitudinal groove on either side.
[Hess.]

Sydney (Hess).

314. Thalassina sp.

The burrows of Thalassina are abundant among the mangroves
all along the coast of Queensland. There are only some frag-
ments of one of these in the Australian Museum collection —
sufficient, however, to shew that the species is distinct from both
T. scorpionoides and T. maxima.

Port Curtis.

Family CALLIAJSfASSIDM.
Caudal appendages broad. External maxillipedes operculif orm.

G-enus Callianassa, Leach.

Carapace very small. A small rostral spine. External
maxillipedes sometimes pediform, sometimes expanded and
operculiform. Second pair of legs slender, terminating in small
chela?. Third pair terminating in a very small dactylus ; the
propodos expanded. Appendages of the sixth abdominal segment
sometimes with both rami expanded, sometimes with the inner
ramus lancet-shaped and the outer expanded.

315. Callianassa, sp.

I found a specimen of a species of Callianassa inhabiting a
hole among broken pieces of coral on Molle Island, Whitsunday

168 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

Passage (Queensland) ; unfortunately the abdomen has been
lost ; but it appears to be an undescribed species allied to C
longimana, Stimpson.

Sub-Tribe Astacidea.

Carapace often marked by a transverse dorsal (cervical)
suture ; the longitudinal sutures obsolete. Scaphocerite present,
well-developed or small, or obsolete. First pair of legs (cheli-
pedes) either didactyle or monodactyle. Branchiae penicillate.

Family SCYLLARID^.

Carapace much depressed, the lateral margins rather thin,
carapace suddenly inflexed laterally. External antennae laminate,
short, without a basal scale or scaphocerite. Sternum trigonous.
Anterior legs monodactyle.

Genus Ibacus, Leach.

Carapace transverse, the sides incised. Rostrum bilobate.
Eyes far removed from the external angles. External antenna;
not far removed from one another. Branchiae 21.

316. Ibacus Peronii. A.M.

Ibacus Peronii, Leach. Zool. Misc., t. ii., pi. 119 ; Desmarest,
Consid., p. 183, pi. xxxi., fig. 2 ; Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat.
Crust, t. ii., p. 287.

Orbits situated much nearer the middle line than the external
angles of the carapace, which are recurved in front and extend
further forward than the front. Carapace much depressed,
granulated, and presenting three longitudinal crests, of which
the median is ornamented with a few smooth tubercles, and the
lateral are situated on the same longitudinal line as the orbits ;
lateral borders of the carapace very oblique and armed with
seven teeth, of which only one is situated in front of the great
lateral incision, and forms the anterior angle. External antenna?
much broader than long, their first joint very small and scarcely
extending beyond the rostrum, the second feebly toothed, and
the fourth armed only with three or four very broad and not
very prominent teeth. External maxillipedes armed with spines

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 169

on the outer border of the fourth joint. Abdomen punctate and
surmounted with a median obtuse crest. Length about 5 in.

Sydney, etc.

317. Ibacus antarcticus. A.M.

Ibacus antarcticus, Humph. Mus. ; Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat.
Crust., t. ii., p. 287 ; Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust, i., p. 517.

Orbits situated nearer the angle of the carapace than the
middle line. Carapace convex, scarcely narrowing behind,
covered with coarse squamiform tubercles, each of which is
bordered with a fringe of hairs. Two teeth in front of the large
lateral incision of the carapace. External antenna? much longer
than broad, their first joint very large and much more prominent
than the rostrum, the second armed with ten strong pointed
teeth, seven of which are situated on the external border, two
between the anterior angle and the articulation of the third
joint, and one on the internal border ; lastly the fourth joint is
armed on the border with seven strong, triangular, very prominent
teeth. No spines on the external border of the external maxilli-
pedes. Abdomen tuberculate and hairy like the carapace.

Australia. "Widely distributed through Eastern Seas.

Grenus Arctus, Dana.

liostrum very short, truncate. External antenna? remote from
one another. Palp of the external maxillipedes without a
flagellum. Branchiae 19. \_D.]

318. Arctus ursus.

Cancer ursus minor, Herbst, t. ii., p. 83, pi. xxx.

Cancer arctus, Roemer, Gen. Insect., pi. xxxii., fig. 3.

Scyllarus arctus, Eabr., Supp., p. 399 ; Latr., Encycl, pi. 287,
fig. 5 ; Lam., Hist, des Ani. s. Vert., t. v., p. 212 ; Desmarest,
Consid., p. 182 ; Risso, Crust, de Nice, p. Gl ; Milne-Edwards,
Eegne Animal de Cuvier, 3e ed., Crust., pi. 45, fig. 1 ; Hist.
Nat. des Crust., t. ii., p. 282 ; De Haan, Fauna Japonica, Crust.,
p. 151, pi. xxxviii., fig. 2.

Arctus ursus, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p 51b\

170 AUSTBALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

Carapace ornamented with squamiform tubercles, and armed
on the median line with a series of spines, of which the three
longest occupy the gastric region ; an oblique crest, which arises
from the internal orbital angle, reaches the branchial region, and
bears three strong spines, of which two are situated above the
orbit. External antennae large and strongly toothed, their ante-
penultimate joint nearly triangular, armed with two strong teeth
on its external border, and ornamented above with a crest which
is directed obliquely and terminates at the anterior angle ; the
last joint armed with six strong teeth on the anterior border.
Abdomen sculptured above, and presenting on the posterior
border of each segment a rather deep median excavation. Legs
slender. Length about 3 in. ; colour brown, with transverse
red lines on the abdomen.

Thursday Island, Torres Straits (W.A.H., H.M.S. "Alert").
Occurs in the Mediterranean, and on the coasts of Japan.

G-enus Thenus, Leach.

Carapace transverse; sides not incised. Eyes oblong, situated
at the external angles of the carapace. Kostrum bilobate.
Branchiae 21.

319. Thenus orientalis.

Scyllarus orientalis, Eabr., Suppl., p. 399 ; Latr., Hist. Nat.
Crust., t. vi., p. 181 ; Encycl., pi. 314 ; Desmarest, Consid.,
p. 182, pi. xxxi., fig. 1.

Thenus orientalis, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii., p. 286.

Carapace much depressed and verrucose ; a small obtuse
crest ornamented with three teeth on the middle line ; rostrum
armed with two thick divergent cornua. A spine at the internal
angle of the orbit, two on its upper border, and one at its
posterior angle ; another tooth on the upper surface of the
carapace a little behind the orbit, and a deep fissure on the
external border. A strong spine in the middle of the posterior
border of the tergum of the fifth ring of the abdomen.

Swan Eiver (Dana). Found also in the Indian Ocean.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 171

Family PALINURIBM.

Carapace sub-cylindrical, broadly rounded laterally. External
antenna? without a basal scale, the basal joints long, sub-
cylindrical. Anterior legs monodactyle. Sternum trigonous.

G-enus Palinurus, Fabr.

Carapace with a small rostrum. Antennary segment very
narrow above. External antenna; nearly in contact with one
another at their base, and concealing the bases of the internal
antennae, the flagella of which are very short.

320. Palinurus Ed.ward.sii.

Palinurus Edwardsii, Hutton, Trans. N.Z. Inst., p. 279 (1875) ;
Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 75 (1876).

Carapace beaked, armed with spines and large oval depressed
tubercles, separated by rows of short hairs. Beak small, com-
pressed, curved upwards, and with two very small spines at its
base. Spines on each side of the beak compressed and smooth.
Abdomen transversely sulcated and covered with flat tubercles,
each segment with a row of short hairs on its posterior margin.
A single tooth on the posterior margin of the lateral lobes of
the abdominal segments. Anterior legs with a strong spine on
the inferior margin of the second and third joints, none on the
penultimate joint. The superior margin of the distal extremity
of the fourth joint of the last four pairs of legs armed with two
spines, a smaller one in front of the larger. Colour dark
brownish purple ; marbled with yellow on the abdomen. Legs
and caudal appendages reddish orange, more or less marbled with
purple. The female has a spine on the inferior margin of the
distal extremity of the penultimate joint of the last pair of legs.
Length 9| in. [H.]

Tasmania. Eound also at St. Paul, and in New Zealand.

321. Palinurus ornatus.

Palinurus ornatus, Eabr., Supp., p. 400 ; Latr., Encycl.,
pi. 316 ; Lam., Hist, des An. s. Vert., t. v., p. 210 ; Desmarest,
Cons., p. 185.

Antennulary segment armed above with four spiues in a square
with two other rudimentary spines between them. Carapace

172 AUSTKALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

very spinose, not tuberculated, but without median spines near
the base of the frontal cornua, and having laterally only very
small teeth on its anterior border. Abdomen smooth, finely
punctate and without transverse grooves ; several small teeth at
the posterior part of the base of the lateral processes of the
second, third, fourth, and fifth abdominal segments. Colour
green, with small irregular whitish spots on the thorax, marblings
on the abdomen, and alternate rings of green and yellow on the
legs. Length 15 to 18 in. \_M.-JSdw.~\

Northern parts of the Australian Coast. Found also in the
Samoa Islands, the Isle of France, and the " Seas of India."

322. Palinurus penicillatus.

Antaeus penicillatus, Olivier, Encycl., t. vi., p. 343.

Palinurus penicillatus, Olivier, Encycl., t. vii., p. 071 ;
Desmarest, Consid., p. 180 ; Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des
Crust., t. ii., p. 186.

Antennulary segment armed with four conical, very thick
teeth, divergent and united at their base. Carapace very
spinous, and ornamented with a large number of piliferous
tubercles, a few median spines on the gastric region. Peduncles
of the external antenna? scarcely spinose below. Abdomen
punctate, the lateral processes with a single tooth behind at the
base ; a transverse piliferous groove towards the middle of each
segment. Colour greenish, passing into reddish-brown here and
there, and spotted with yellow ; the yellow spots of the abdomen
small, extremely numerous, and close together ; those of the
legs forming longitudinal bands. \_M.-E.~]

Northern portions of the Australian coast. Found also in
the Indian Ocean.

323. Palinurus Hugelii. A.M.
Palinurus Hugelii, Heller, Eeise der Novara, Crust., p. 96,

pi. viii.

? Palinurus tumidus Kirk, Trans. N.Z. Inst., Vol. xii., p. 311
(1879).

Carapace a little narrowed anteriorly, convex and spinose
above, the spines prominent, acute, and directed forwards and
upwards. Kostrum acute, spiniform, directed almost straight

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 173

forwards ; the lateral cornua a little smaller, smooth above and
below ; anterior margin of the carapace near the orbit with a
single spine. Spaces between the spines smooth. Carapace
with a deep transverse sulcus in front of the posterior margin.
Abdomen punctate ; covered with scattered miliary granules,
not sulcate in the middle, the lateral cornua armed behind with
several acute teeth. Length 15 in.

New South "Wales.

This is the common Sydney Crawfish. Mr. T. "W. Kirk has
described and figured in the Transactions of the New Zealand
Institute for 1S79, under the name of P. tumidus, a species of
rock-lobster obtained in the North Island, and mentions that
Dr. Hector had told him that it is the same species as the common
crawfish of the Sydney Market. The differences between P.
tumidus and P. Hiigelii he states to be, (1) the greater size of
the former, (2) the upward curvature of the beak, supra-orbital
and antenuary spines, (3) the telson in the former being less
triangular and rounded instead of scarped. Leaving size out of
consideration, the upward (and forward) direction of the spines
mentioned is, so far as can be seen, present in P. ffitgelii, as
described and figured by Heller ; and there is such a close
agreement in all other points between that species and the
Sydney crawfish, that I am inclined to regard the concave
posterior border of the telson shewn in the figure (but not men-
tioned in the description), to be either an artist's slip, or the
result of the wearing of the posterior thin edge of the
telson in the specimen figured.

In young specimens of the Sydney crawfish the spines on the
carapace are very prominent, and all without exception pointed
as represented in she " Eeise der Novara," but in large speci-
mens many of them become blunt, and reduced to the appearance
of tubercles, as described by Mr. Kirk in the large New Zealand
specimen.

Family ASTACIDM

Carapace oblong, sub-cylindrical, rostrate, scarcely narrower
than the abdomen. External antennse provided with a basal
scale. First three pairs of ambulatory legs chelate. Sternum
narrow.

174 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Sub- Family Parastacidce.
Podobranchia? without or with a rudimentary lamina. First
abdominal somite devoid of appendages in either sex. Telson
never divided by a transverse hinge.

Genus Astacopsts, Huxley.

Epistome long and flattened. Basal joint of the antennae
fixed by the overlapping edge of the cephalostegite ; squame
short. Posterior thoracic sterna narrow. Coxopodites of the
hinder thoracic limbs large and approximated in the middle line.
Eostrum straight. Podobranchia? not alate.

Section A. Telson aud caudal appendages membranaceous
with calcareous pieces at the edge.

324. Astacopsis serratus.

Cancer serratus, Shaw, Zool. of New Holland, pi. viii.

Astacus armatus, E. von Martens, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3)
Vol. xvii., p. 359.

Astacoides spinifer, Heller, Eeise der Novara, Crust., p. 102,
pi. ix.

Potamobius serratus, "White, P. Z. S., 1850, p. 95, pi. xv. ;
McCoy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xx., 1867, p. 189.

Astacoides serratus, E. von Martens, Monatsber, Akad. "Wiss.
Berlin, 1868, p. 615.

Australian Crayfish, Huxley, " The Crayfish," fig. 76.

Sides of the carapace on the hepatic and branchial regions
furnished with scattered conical spines, each enlarged at its base.
Eostrum about as long as the peduncles of the outer antenna?,
pointed and furnished on each side with four teeth ; its borders
continued backwards for a short distance on the carapace in the
form of a ridge. A spine placed behind the middle of the orbit,
continued backwards into a similar shorter ridge. Scales of the
outer antenna? pointed. Merus of chelipedes with a row of
sharp spines on its inner border, two or three spines on its upper
surface, and a row of small irregular teeth on its upper border ;
carpus with two or three prominent spines on its inner surface,
— the first the longest — and one or two on the outer surface.
Hand with both borders armed with a row of short spines bent
forwards, and forming a double row on the external edge and a

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 175

single one on the internal. Following pairs of thoracic limhs
with scattered spines. Segments of the abdomen with four to
ten large conical acute spines, except the sixth which usually
has about a dozen smaller spines. Telson usually with about
eighteen small spines, sometimes without spines. Appendages
of sixth segment usually armed with about a dozen small spines.
Length as much as 20 in.

Murray and its tributaries ; creeks at Brisbane Water ;
Richmond River ? Mount Wilson.

This species presents considerable variations in the number
and acuteness of the tubercles, and in the length of the rostrum.
The specimens from Mount Wilson differ from those from the
Murrumbidgee in having the apical spine of the rostrum very
short, the tubercles of the carapace blunt, and the tubercles of
the abdomen small, the inner row being altogether rudimentary ;
the colour of this variety is deep red, with bluish shades on the
sides of the carapace and legs, as in Shaw's figure.

325. Astacopsis plebejus.

Astacoides plebejus, Hess, Archiv. fiir Nat., xxxi., p. 164,
pi. vii., fig. 17 (1865) ; Von Martens, 1. c, p. 616 (1868).

Carapace almost smooth, with impressed points ; the triangular
rostrum bent downwards, and ending in an acute apex ; at its
base on both sides is an elevation. First pair of limbs long and
strong, arm long, trigonal, carpus short, with a tooth which is
bent forwards on the inner side ; hand comparatively large,
toothed on the lower lateral border ; inner border of mobile
finger with a tubercle in the middle, blunt at the end ; mobile
finger acute, somewhat arched, also with a tubercle in the middle
of the inner border. Telson with a tooth in the middle of each
side, hairy at the extremity. Rami of the sixth pair of abdominal
appendages rather shorter than the telson, also fringed with
hairs ; the outer with a tooth only on the outer side, the inner
with one above in the middle. [Hess.]

Sydney (Mus. G-ottingen).

326. Astacopsis nobilis.

Astacoides nobilis, Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i.,
p. 526, pi. xxxiii., fig. 3 ; Heller, Reise der " Novara," Crust,
p. 100 ; Yon Martens, 1. c, p. 616.

17G AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

Rostrum rather long, nearly entire, apex obtuse, and either
side having an obtuse tooth, a little shorter than base of outer
antenna1. Carapace obsoletely armed on either side below base
of beak. Segments of abdomen more or less distinctly uni-
tuberculate, the tubercles on younger individuals obsolescent ;
second segment with short spines near lateral margin ; caudal
segment a little oblong. Anterior feet equal, stout, carpus very
prominently three-spinous. Hand above and below with a pro-
minent margin, which is short dentate, surface nearly smooth,
naked. Anterior median process of epistome triangular, very
narrow and elongate. Length 5 in. [Dana.']

New South Wales ?

Probably identical with the following.

327. Astacopsis Franklinii.

Astacopsis Franklinii, Gray, 1. c, p. 409, pi. iii., fig. 1.

Carapace convex on the sides, rather rugose on the sides
behind, the front only slightly produced and edged with a toothed
raised margin not reaching beyond- the front raised margin of
the lower orbit, and with a very short ridge at the middle of
each orbit behind ; the hands compressed, rather rugose, edge
thick and toothed ; wrist with four or five conical spines on the
inner side, the front the largest; the central caudal lobe broad,
continuous, calcareous to the tip ; lateral lobes with a very
slight central keel ; the sides of the second abdominal rings
spinose. [Gray.]

Tasmania.

Section B. All the lamina? of the tail membranaceous in the
hinder half. Abdominal swimmerets not membranaceous. — ■
[Sub-genus Chceraps, Erichson.]

328. Astacopsis quinque-carinatus.

Astacus quinque-carinatus, G-ray, 1. c, p. 410, pi. iii., fig. 3.

Chaeraps quinque-carinatus, Von Martens, 1. c, p. GIG.

Carapace smooth, rather convex, and with three keels above,
the beak longly produced, ending in a spine, simple on the side,
and produced into a keel on each side behind ; the central caudal
lobe rather narrow, indistinctly divided in half, and like the other
lobes flexile at the end, the lateral lobes with a central keel

AUSTEALIAJT MALACOSTKACA. 177

ending in a slight spine ; the hands elongated, compressed,
smooth, with a thickened, toothed inner margin, which is ciliated
above ; wrist with two conical spines on the inner side. [Gray.']

Western Australia.

329. Astacopsis quadricarinatus.

Champs quadricarinatus, Yon Martens, 1. c, p. 617.

No middle keel on the carapace, but two lateral keels on each
side, the inner continued into the border of the rostrum. Rostrum
as long as the base of the antennae, with two teeth on either side.
Hand slender, more than thrice as long as broad.

Cape York.

330. Astacopsis bicarinatus. A.M.

Astacus bicarinatus, Gray, Eyre's Central Australia, Yol. i.,
p. 410 (Appendix), pi. iii., fig. 2.

Champs bicarinatus, Yon Martens, 1. c, p. 617.

Carapace smooth, rather flattened, with a keel on each side
above in front ; the beak longly produced, flattened, three-toothed
at the top. Hands rather compressed, smooth, thinner and
slightly toothed on the inner edge ; wrist triangular, angularly
produced in front. Central caudal lobes with two slightly
diverging keels continued, and like the others thin and flexible at
the end, the inner lateral lobes with two keels, each ending with
a spine. \_GTay.~]

Port Essington ; Cape York ; Manning River, etc. Widely
distributed throughout Australia, especially in the north.

0

331. Astacopsis Preissii.

Champs Preissii, Erichson, Archiv. fur Nat., 1856, E. von
Martens, 1. c, p. 617.

Without keel (?) on the cephalothorax. Hand strong, more
thickly and coarsely punctate on the outer side. [E. von JT.]

South-west Australia (Preiss).

178 ATTSTRALTAW MALACOSTEACA.

Division C. Neither the abdominal swimmerets or the caudal
laminae membranaceous.

332. Astacopsis Tasmanicus.

Astacoides Tasmanicus, Erichson, 1. c. ; Von Martens, 1. c,
p. 618.

A lateral keel on the carapace, having the same position as in
A. bicarinatus. Rostrum without teeth. Carpus with 6-7 small
spines on its inner border. Hand rounded on its outer border,
finely toothed on its inner.

Tasmania (Schayer).

333. Astacopsis austr alien sis.

Astacus australiensis, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des Crust.,
t. ii., p. 332, pi. xxiv., figs. 1-5 ; Heller, Reise der Novara,
Crust., p. 100.

Carapace entirely smooth. Rostrum shorter than the peduncle
of the external antennae, narrowing gradually from its base, and
armed with two small lateral teeth near its point. Hands com-
pressed, smooth, and ornamented with a sharp more or less
denticulated crest on their upper border. Two sharp spines on
the internal border of the carpus. No spines in front of the
gastric region. Epistome very large, triangular and without
transverse groove. \_M.-JSdw.~]

Australia.

Genus Engjeus, Erichson.

The species of this genus are distinguished from those of
Astacopsis only by having the abdomen small in proportion to
the thorax. The rami of the sixth pair of abdominal appen-
dages have each a longitudinal keel. The external antenna?
are short.

334. Engaeus fossor. A.M.

Engcsus fossor, Erichson, 1. c, p. 102, Von Martens, 1. c,
p. 618.

Hand with a toothed ridge on both borders.
Tasmania (Schayer) ; Australia (Mus. Berlin).

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 179

A specimen from Gippsland, in the Sydney Museum, may
belong to this species. There are, however, no distinct ridges
on the hand, though there are rows of obscure tubercles both
above and below.

335. Engaeus cunicularis.

Engceus cunicularis, Erichson, 1. c. ; Yon Martens, 1. c, ]). G19.

Hand rounded on the inner border, on the outer weakly
toothed.

Tasmania (Schayer).

Sub-Tribe Caridea.

Carapace smooth, without sutures. External antennae with a
large basal scale. The first and second pairs of legs chelate, one
pair or both often more or less enlarged ; third pair not chelate.
Branchiae phylloid.

Family I. CBANGONIDjE.

Legs of the first and second pairs very unequal, the first pair
with the mobile finger closing against the anterior margin of the
palm, the immobile finger more or less rudimentary and spiniform.
Second pair of legs with the wrist never annulated. Mandibles
simple, usually slender and incurved. Sternum usually triangular,
broader at base.

Sub- Fa m ily Crangon ince.

Eirst pair of legs more robust than the second. External
maxillipedes pediform.

Genus Ehynchocinetes, M.-Edw.

Carapace of normal shape, rounded above. Eostrum very
large, lamellate, compressed and articulated with the front.
Eyes prominent, and when retracted downward, received into a
cavity in the upper surface of the peduncle of the superior
antennae. Inferior antennae with a very long and stout flagellum.
External maxillipedes pediform, elongate, slender, cylindrical.
Abdomen convex and geniculated above as in Hippolyle.
Anterior legs stout, with a well-formed hand, but with the
immobile finger somewhat rudimentary. Second pair more
slender, chelate,

180 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

336. Rhynchocinetes typus.

Rhynclwcinetes typus, M.-Edw., Ann. Sci. Nat. (Ser 2), t. vii.,
p. 165 (1837) ; Hist. Nat. Crust, ii, p. 383 (1837) ; Dana, U.S.
Explor. Exped, Crust, i, p. 568, pi. xxxvi, fig. 7 (1852) ; Miers,
Cat. Crust, N.Z., p. 77 (1876).

Carapace with four spines, three upon the front margin, and
one in the middle line, behind the median marginal spine.
Eostrum very large, laterally compressed, upper margin with
two distinct teeth near its hase, and seven or eight closely placed
teeth at the extremity, lower margin with about twenty large
teeth. External maxillipedes often longer than the rostrum,
tipped with spines. Anterior legs large, fingers short and rather
spoon-excavate, hairy above, wrist with a spine above. Tarsi
spinulous below. Length often nearly 4 in. [M.-E.]

Australia. Found also on the coasts of Chili and of New
Zealand.

337. Rhynchocinetes rugulosus.

Rhynclwcinetes rugulosus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil, Vol. xii, sp. 410.

Allied to R. typus, but with the surface of the carapace trans-
versely striolate or rugulose, the rugae more conspicuous and
thicker than in R. typus. Eostrum tridentate in the anterior
portion of the upper margin ; with twelve teeth below. Dactyli
of the first pair of feet naked above. Length 2 in.

Port Jackson.

Genus Crangon, Eabr.

Carapace rather depressed, with the rostrum rudimentary.
Eyes short, thick, and free. Internal antenna? dilated at the
base, at the outer side of which is a rather large scale ; their
peduncle short ; two multi-articulate flagella. Mandibles slender,
without palp. Eirst pair of legs strong, with a flattened hand,
the inner and distal angle of which is tooth-like, forming the
rudiment of a mobile finger. Following two pairs of legs
extremely slender, the second usually terminating in very slender
didactyle chelae, and the third monodactyle. Eemaining two
pairs of legs monodactyle, but stouter than the second and third.

AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTBACA. 181

338. Crangon intermedius.

Crangon intermedius, Spence Bate, P. Z. S., 1863, p. 503,
pi. xli., fig. 6.

Carapace armed with three teeth on the autero-branchial
surface on each side, and a row of minute denticles extending
from the extra-orbital tooth posteriorly between the cardiac and
branchial regions. Rostrum nearly as long as the eye. Superior
antenna? three times as long as the eye, having the rami sub-
equal and as long as the peduncle. The inferior antenna? with
the squamiform appendage reaching nearly to the extremity of
the superior antenna?. First pair of periopoda strong, having
the palm oblique, marginate, and armed with alternating long
and short hairs. Second pair of pereiopoda not reaching beyond
the carpus of the first. Third pair slender and longer than the
first, the remaining two shorter. Pleon short, suddenly narrow-
ing at the fifth segment. Posterior pair of pleopoda longer than
the telson, which is narrow and tipped with two long hairs.
[S. 2?.]

Gulf of St. Vincent, <H fathoms.

Sub- Fa m ily Gnatli op hy Mince.

Feet of the second pair stronger than the first. External
maxillipedes broad, operculiform.

Genus Gnathophyllum, Latr.

339. G-nathophyllum fasciolatum. A.M.

GnatliophgMum fasciolatum, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Xat. Sci.
Philad., Vol. xii., p. 28.

Nearly allied to G. elegans, except in regard to the colour.
Body thick. Carapace obtusely carinate dorsally, the carina
obsolete posteriorly, and anteriorly continuous with the rostrum ;
rostrum short, not reaching the apex of the antepenultimate
joint of the peduncle of the antennules, obliquely truncate above,
a little concave, and six-toothed, the extremity acute, the lateral
carina? situated near the smooth inferior margin. Eyes rather
large. Caudal segment armed with two marginal spines towards
the extremity, and two long spines at the extremity. Body
white, pellucid, ornamented with about ten linear transverse

182 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

purple grey bauds, the peduncles of the eyes with two bands ;
the external maxillipedes marked ou the surface with four riugs
of the same colour. [Sti»ips.~]

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

Genus Buynchocyclus, IStimpson.
340. Rhynchocyclus compressus.

Rhynchocyclus compressus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Philad., Vol. xii., p. 28.

Body compressed. Carapace with a strong dorsal crest armed
with two obtuse teeth, the anterior the larger, and armed
anteriorly with a minute spine. Rostrum rather deeper than
long, extending beyond the appendages of the antenna?, obliquely
truncate, the upper margin concave, smooth. Infra-ocular spine
minute. Margin of the carapace with three denticles at the
insertion of the antenna?. External maxillipedes obtuse at the
extremity and armed with seven strong horny spines. All the
legs very short. Carpus of the first pair of legs obtuse. Colour
greyish-purple, the back bluish. Length f in. \_Stimps.~]

Port Jackson.

Family II ATYIBM.

First and second pair of legs both small, weak, fingers ciliate.
Hand articulated with the wrist by the middle of its lower
margin. Wrist of the first and sometimes of the second pairs of
legs lunate- excavate anteriorly, and of the second never annu-
lated. Mandibles broad at the tip, slightly bilobed, not
palpigerous.

G-enus Caridina, Milne-Edwards.

Carapace with a well-developed rostrum. Internal antenna?
writh two multiarticulate flagella, of which one is thickened at
the base. External maxillipedes long, slender, and pediform.
Thoracic legs without an accessory palpus. Anterior legs short,
with the wrist nearly triangular, broadest and lunate-excavate in
front. Hand articulated with the wrist at its lower angle, fingers
lamellar, and spoon-excavate at the extremities. Second pair
longer and more slender, wrist of normal shape. Hand similar
to that of first pair.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 183

311. Oaridina truncifrons.

Caridina truncifrons, Spence Bate, P. Z. S., 1863, p. 499,
pi. xl., fig. 2.

Rostrum deeper than the cephalon, the extremity being the
deepest part ; the anterior margin slightly excavate, and armed
with nine small teeth. Rostrum also furnished with a tooth
upon the dorsal surface immediately above the eyes. Abdomen
robust and but slightly curved. Internal antenna? reaching
beyond the extremity of the rostrum. External antennae having
the scale acuminate, sub-apically tipped with a tooth, and reach-
ing to the extremity of the rostrum. Three last pairs of
ambulatory legs longer and rather more slender than the
preceding, armed on the posterior margin with five or six equi-
distant solitary spines. Telson terminating obtusely, armed
with two strong spines at the apex, and sub-apically furnished
with a short cilium. [#.i?.]

G-ulf of St. Vincent, 4^ fathoms.

342. Caridina cincinnuli.

Caridina cincinnuli, Spence Bate, 1. c, p. 500, pi. xl., fig. 3.

Back of carapace smooth. Rostrum only carinated below,
armed with six teeth. Pleon smooth ; third segment slightly
gibbose, with a small tuft of hair on each side of the central line.
Internal antenna? with the primary appendage but half the
length of the secondary. External antenna? having the basal
scale reaching quite to the extremity of the rostrum, rounded at
the apex, and furnished with a sharp tooth one-third from the
extremity ; the flagellum more than half the length of the
animal. Mandible with a short anteriorly directed process.
Telson terminating in two or three small spines. [S. B.~\

Grulf of St. Vincent, 4i fathoms.

343. Caridina tenuirostris.

Caridina tenuirostris, Spence Bate, 1. c, p. 501, pi. xl, fig. 4.

Rostrum long, slender, and armed with three teeth upon the
upper surface near the base, and one upon the under surface
near the apex. Pleon gibbous at the third segment. Internal

184 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

antennae one-third longer than the rostrum, the secondary ramus
rather shorter than the primary. The inferior antennae with the
basal scale reaching to the extremity of the rostrum, the lateral
deuticle one-fourth distant from the apex ; the fiagellum as
long as the animal. Mandibles with an anteriorly directed
process. [S. _B.]

Gulf of St. Vincent, 4-j fathoms.

Family III. ALPHEID^J.

Rostrum usually short or obsolete. First pair of legs thicker
than the second. Second pair slender, elongated, with the wrist
annulated. Mandibles bilobed, or rarely simple, incurved, not
palpigerous.

Genus Hippolyte, Leach.

Rostrum long and latei'ally compressed, nearly always dentate,
immobile, prolonged backwards on the surface of the carapace
as a crest. Eyes prominent. Internal antennae rather short,
with two nagella, of which one is larger. External maxillipedes
slender, rather long. First pair of legs short, but stouter than
the rest. Second pair with the wrist multi-articulate. Abdomen
suddenly deflexed in the middle. Caudal appendages lanceolate,
ciliate on the margins.

344. Hippolyte spinicaudus.

Hippolyte spinicaudus, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust.,
t, ii., p. 378.

Body elongate, rostrum very long, styliform, taking origin by
a tooth towards the middle .of the gastric region, armed above
with a spine, and below with two or three small spines. Basal
squames of the external antennae as in H. varians (large, extend-
ing a little beyond the rostrum, and oval or rather truncate
obliquely from within outwards at the extremity). External
maxillipedes of moderate size, and styliform towards the extremity.
First pair of legs long and filiform, but not reaching the extremity
of the basal scale of the antennae. Those of the second pair of
about the same length, but thicker, and having the carpus divided
into three or four joints. Telson armed with six or seven pairs
of spines (not including those of the posterior border). \_M.-E.~]

Australia (Mus. Paris).

AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRACA. 185

345. Hippolyte gibberosus.

Hippolyte gibberosus, Milne-Edwards, Hist. ]^at. Crust., ii.,
p. 378.

Rostrum taking origin in the posterior third of the carapace,
much arched, and armed with four or five teeth at its base, then
recurved strongly upwards, and having only one small spine
towards the line of the extremity of the eyes, and two or three
denticles at its point ; lower border descending very low at the
base, and armed with six or seven teeth, of which the posterior
are very strong. Lateral spine of the internal antenna? very
large. Lamellar appendage of the external antennae nearly
triangular. External maxillipedes short and truncated at the
end. Anterior legs very small, and scarcely passing beyond the
peduncle of the external antennae, those of the second pair longer
than those of the third, and having the lower part of the carpus
divided into a large number of joints. [M.-E.]

Australia (Mus. Paris).

Genus Angasia, White.

Like Hippolyte, but the rostrum without dorsal carina, and
the mandibles without appendage.

346. Angasia pavonina.

Angasia pavonina, Spence Bate, P. Z. S., 1863, p. 498, pi. xl.,
fig. 1.

Rostrum projecting as far in front of the eye as the carapace
extends behind it, with a deep carina upon the inferior surface,
having the margin furnished with .four small teeth. Internal
antennae short, flagella reaching scarcely more than half the
length of the rostrum ; first joint of the peduncle with a long
tooth. Pasal squame of external antennae reaching nearly to
the extremity of the rostrum, flagellum reaching more than the
length of the rostrum beyond it. External maxillipedes flat or
spatuliform, fringed at the apex with eight or nine robust teeth.
First pair of legs short, robust, and chelate, having the propodos
longer than the carpus. Second pair long, slender, and chelate,
having the propodos shorter than the carpus. Remaining pairs
of legs shorter than the second and rather stouter ; inner surface
of the carpi and propoda armed with spines. Pleura of the five

186 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

.anterior segments of the abdomen deeply produced. Telson
terminating in an obtuse point, and armed near the central and
terminal margins with two pairs of short spines. [S. B.]

Gulf of St. Vincent.

Genus V ramus, Stimpson.

Resembles Hippohjtc, but with the back of the carapace
and rostrum ecarinate. Mandibles not palpigerous. External
maxillipedes short, with an outer but not an inner palpus. Legs
without a palpiform appendage. Legs of the first pair with the
wrist excavate anteriorly, of the second pair with the wrist
triarticulate.

347. Virbius australiensis.

Yirbius australiensis, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,
Vol. xii., Sp. 436.

Carapace smooth, with an orbital spine ; antennary spine
rather small, pterygostomian spine absent. Rostrum scarcely
shorter than the carapace, smooth above, rather broad horizon-
tally at the base, acute at the apex, the inferior margin cristate
and sex-dentate. Antennules short, the peduncle half the length
of the rostrum, internal flagellum twice as long as the external.
Appendages of the antennae large, oblong, exceeding the rostrum
in length ; peduncle armed with a spine at the base of the
appendage. Second pair of legs not reaching to the apex of the
peduncle of the antenna?. Posterior feet small, the last joint
armed below with spinules, the dactylus internally multi-
unguiculate. Abdomen smooth, strongly geniculate. Caudal
segment furnished with two pairs of dorsal spines. Colour
green. Length li in.

Port Jackson.

Genus Alpheus, Fabr.

Rostrum very short. Eyes concealed beneath the carapace.
Internal antenna? with two flagella. Anterior legs very large,
unequal, one hand greatly developed, of variable shape, chelate,
with the movable finger uppermost.

AUSTKALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 187

348. Alpheus brevirostris.

Palcemon brevirostris, Olivier, Encycl., t. viii., p. 664, pi. 319,
fig. 4.

Asphalius brevirostris, Roux, Memoires sur les Salicoques,
p. 22.

Alpheus brevirostris, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. i.,
p. 350.

Rostrum short and continued behind in the form of a small
simple crest. Anterior border of the orbits rounded and without
spine. Second joint of the internal antenna? more than twice as
long as the first. Squamous appendage of the external antennae
gradually narrowing towards the end, pointed, and passing con-
siderably beyond the peduncle of the internal antennae. Anterior
legs large and compressed. Large hand — -the left — ornamented
above with two small crests ; without crests on the external
surface, having the inferior border nearly acute, and terminated
by an immobile pointed finger, at the base of which is a circular
cavity which receives a tubercle of the mobile finger ; this last
finger very much compressed and very obtuse at the end.
Fingers of the other hand long, narrow, punctate, a little curved,
ornamented with hairs on their prehensile border, and leaving
between them a wide space. \_M.-E.~]

Australia (Paris Museum).

349. Alpheus villosus.

Palcemon villosus, Olivier, Encycl., t. viii., p. 661.
Alpheus villosus, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii.,
p. 351.

Body covered with a rather close clown. A small median
crest, armed with a median spine at the base of the rostrum
which is a little inflexed. A rudimentary spine on the anterior
border of the orbital cavities. Second joint of the internal
antenna? once and a half the length of the first joint. External
antennae with a large spine on the basal joint. Squamous appen-
dage very narrow and scarcely passing beyond the peduncle of
these organs ; lateral spine of the basal joint very long. Large
hand — the right — granular and very hairy above, a little twisted ;

188 AUSTHALIAN HALACOSTRACA.

a deep longitudinal groove in the anterior half of the external
surface, and terminated by an obtuse and very short immobile
finger ; the mobile finger equally obtuse and strongly curved.

[M.-E.]

Australia (Mus. Paris).

350. Alpheus frontalis.

Alpheus frontalis, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii.,
p. 356.

Carapace slightly carinated in its anterior portion ; front very
prominent, nearly triangular, not spiniform. Orbital vaults very
prominent. Second joint of the internal antenna? slender and
elongated. Lamellar appendages of the external antennae shorter
than the peduncle ; no lateral spine at the base. Anterior legs
smooth and very unequal ; the large hand swollen, the smaller
more or less compressed. \M.-J3.']

Australia (Mus. Paris).

351. Alpheus Edwardsii.

Alpheus Neptunus, "White, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 74, (1847).
Zoology Erebus and Terror, tab. 4, f. 3, (1874).

Athanasus Edwardsii, Audouiu, Savigny's Descr. de l'Egypte,
pi. 10, fig. 1 ; not Alpheus Edwardsii, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat.
des Crust., t. ii., p. 352 : Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust,, i.,
p. 512, pi. xxxiv., fig. 2.

Alpheus Edwardsii, Miers, Zool. Erebus and Terror, Crust., p. 1.

B,ostrum linear, arising from the front margin of the carapace.
Carapace more inflated than in Alpheus strenuus. Hand larger,
similar to that of A. strenuus, but the fingers narrower compared
with the palm. Eirst joint of the carpus of the second pair of
legs longer than the second, the second joint longer than either
the third or fourth, and about as long as the fifth joint.

Port Essington (Brit. Mus.)

352. Alpheus strenuus.

Alpheus Boris, "White, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 75, (1847) ;
Zool. Erebus and Terror, tab. 4, fig. 2 (1874).

Alpheus Rhode, "White, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 75 (1874).
Alpheus a carus, (Fabr.) Heller, Beise der Novara, Crust, p. 1U8.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 189

Alplieus stremms, Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust, i., p. 513,
pi, xxxiv., fig. 2 (1152).

Eostrum elongate, acute, the surface between the eyes obscurely
carinate. Basal squame of the external antenna? not longer than
the peduncle. Second joint of the internal antenna? nearly twice
as long as the first. Anterior legs very unequal, the hand of the
larger with a concave and not triangulate infero-marginal sinus,
the arm acutely unidentate at the apex. Smaller hand narrow
oblong, somewhat pubescent, fingers densely hirsute withiu, hairs
covering wholly extremity of moveable finger. [Z>.]

Torres Straits ; Sydney. Found also in the Philippines, and
at Tongatabu.

353. Alpheus Comatularum.

Alplieus Comatularum, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. vi.

Carapace broad, somewhat depressed. Eostrum very long,
one- third of the length of the carapace, slender and acute, con-
tinued backwards over a third of the length of the carapace as
an acute, prominent, arched crest. A prominent, acute supra-
orbital spine more than one-third of the length of the rostrum.
External antenna? with two acute spines at its base, the outer
very large. Basal spine of internal antenna? long, acute.
Propodos of large hand swollen, smooth ; immobile finger nearly
straight, with a hairy protuberance at the base of its inner border ;
mobile finger compressed, slightly hooked at the end, with a
large recurved tooth on its trenchant border at the base. Length
H in- Carapace with longitudinal stripes of brownish purple,
with a narrow mesial white line, which is continued on the two
first abdominal segments ; at the sides three short white mark-
ings. Abdomen with broad brownish purple and narrow white
lines ; bases of antenna? purple, longitudinal stripes of purple on
the ambulatory legs. Large hand marked with longitudinal
lines of light brown, bordered by narrow darker bands.

Dredged in a few fathoms of water in Albany Passage, near
Cape York, Queensland, during the cruise of H.M.S. " Alert,"
in those waters. They were invariably found clinging to the
arms of a species of Comatulid to which their markings gave them
a general resemblance. Other commensals of these Comatulids

190 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

were Galathea deflexifrons, and an undeseribed species of Cymo-
tJioid, the latter usually esconcing itself in the alimentary canal
of its host, in which it remained buried with the exception of the
anterior third of its body.

354. Alpheus Galathea.

Alpheus Galathea, White, List Crust, Brit. Mus., p. 75 (1847);
Miers, Zool. Erebus and Terror, Crust., p. 5, tab. 4, fig. 4, (1875).

Port Essington.

355. Alpheus Alope.

Alpheus Alope, White, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 75 (1847) ;
Miers, Zool. Erebus and Terroi*, p. 5, tab. 4, fig. 6.

Port Stephens.

Of this and the preceding species there is no description
extant ; the British Museum type specimens are in too bad a state
to be distinctively characterised, and the figures in the " Zoology
the Erebus and Terror" are not sufficient for determination.
The same holds good of A. Thetis of the same author.

356. Alpheus Doto.

Alpheus Doto, White, List Crust. Brit. Museum., p. 75 (1847);
Miers, 1. c, p. 5, pi. 4, fig. 5.

Kostrum narrow, triangular, scarcely projecting beyond the
front of the carapace. Upper margins of the orbits with a
minute spine. Hands similar, the left the smallest. Eight hand
smooth, with scattered yellowish hairs, the lower margins straight,
entire, the upper convex ; fingers very small. First joint of the
carpus of the second pair of legs longer than the second, the
second joint about as long as the third and fourth together.
[Miers.']

Sir C. Hardy's Island (Brit. Mus.]

357. Alpheus socialis.

Alpheus socialis, Heller, Eeise der Novara, Crust, p. 10G, pi.
x., fig. 1.

Rostrum very short, triangular, arising between the bases of
the eyes, separated from the orbit by a deep sulcus, its apex
scarcely reaching to the middle of the first joint of the peduncle

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 191

of the antennules. Orbits anteriorly armed with a spinule, a
little shorter than the rostrum. Basal squame of the antennules
of the length of the first joint ; second joint of the peduncle
twice as long as the first. Base of antennae armed with a long
and acute spine, almost reaching the apex of the second joint of
the peduncle of the antennules. Appendices very narrow
anteriorly, almost triangular, shorter than the peduncles, with a
large apical spine passing beyond the apex of the peduncle of
the antennules. Anterior legs unequal ; larger hand a little
twisted outwards towards the extremity, the palm compressed,
with entire margins, the upper margin provided with two longi-
tudinal ridges ; surface sparsely hairy ; fingers very short, hairy.
Second pair of legs longer than the third ; posterior feet rather
stout, the merus unarmed, the tarsus spinulose below, the dactylus
acute, short.

Sydney (Heller). Found also at Auckland, New Zealand.

358. Alpheus laevis.

Alplieus laevis, Randall, Journ. Acad. Philad., viii., p. 141 ;
Dana, 1. c, p. 556, pi. xxxv., fig. 8 ; Heller, Reise cler Novara,
Crust., p. 107.

Rostrum acute, spinif orm, arising between the bases of the
eyes, sides almost straight. Basal scale of the external antenna?
not shorter than the base, scarcely longer than the base of the
internal antenna? ; basal spine of the external antennae moderate,
that of the internal antennae greatly elongated. Orbital spine
very short. Anterior legs a little unequal, the larger hand smooth,
compressed, with rounded entire margins, the fingers short ;
smaller hand oblong. Second pair of legs scarcely longer than
ths third, the first joint of the carpus scarcely longer than the
second, as long as the hand. Third pair of legs having the lower
apex of the third joint not acute, tarsus broad and short.

Sydney (Heller) ; found also at the Society and Friendly
Islands, the Sandwich Islands, and Fiji.

G-enus Bemus, Dana.

Resembles Alplieus. Front without rostrum. Anterior hands
more or less inverted, the mobile finger being the lower or outer.

192 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

359. Betseus australis.

Betceus australis, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Philad., vol.
xii., p. 28.

Body and abdomen slender, subcompressed, smooth. Front
even, smooth, sometimes convex in the centre, with the margin
convex. Peduncle of the antennules robust, cylindrical, equal to
that of the antennae, basal scale long, with a spiniform apex,
extending beyond the penultimate joint. Appendix of the
antennae not reaching the apex of the peduncle ; flagellum of
moderate length, the basal portion thick. External maxillipedes
not spinose at the apex. First pair of legs elongate, equal, the
merus rough below ; the anterior margins of the carpus dilated
and 4-5 toothed, surrounding the base of the hand ; hand elongate
smooth, punctate, a little hairy below ; fingers slender, longi-
tudinal, shorter than the palm, gaping, internally bidentate,
crossed at the tips. First joint of the carpus of the second pair
of legs equalling the three following together. Posterior feet
slender, the merus and carpus cylindrical, unarmed, the apices
thickened ; penultimate joint much more slender than the carpus
obscurely spinulous. Caudal segment elongate. Colour green.
Length 1 in. [St.]

Port Jackson (Stimpson).

360. Betaeus trispinosus.

Betceus trispinosus, Stimpson, 1. c, p. 28.

Front with a long needle-like rostrum, and armed with two
acute orbital teeth which are half the length of the rostrum.
Antennules large ; peduncle extending far beyond the appendix
of the antennas ; penultimate joint of the peduncle almost twice
as long as the last and equal to the antepenultimate, the basal
spine reaching the middle of the penultimate. External antennae
unarmed at the base, the peduncle not reaching the apex of the
appendage. Anterior legs almost equal, hand elongate, palm
twice as long as high, a little compressed, smooth, the inferior
margin entire, the superior marked with deep grooves above, and
sinuated near the dactylus. [St.]

Port Jackson (Stimpson).

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 103

Genus Alope, "White.

Carapace smooth. Beak short, serrated above, buried in a
deep groove, which has a spine on each side in front. Eyes with
a thick, short peduncle, situated in a hollow on each side, and
with a spine external to them on each side of the carapace, which
is shorter than the inner spine. Inner antennae thick, each with
two flagella, of which one is very short. Outer antenna? wfth
the basal scale longer than the joints of the peduncle, the
flagellum very long. External maxillipedes very large, from the
base nearly as long as the animal, first joint the longest, third
joint more than twice as long as the second, compressed, blunted
at the end. Anterior legs robust, with well-developed chelae ;
second pair very slender, chelate, with many-jointed wrist
(as in Alpheus) ; remaining legs slender, claws serrated below.
[White.]

361. Alope palpalis.

Alope palpalis, White, Proc. Zool. Soc, p. 124 (1817) ; Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist. (Ser. 2), i., p. 225 (1818) ; Miers, Zool.
" Erebus and Terror," Crust., p. 4, pi. iv.. fig. 1 (1874) ; Cat.

Crust, N.Z., p. 84 (1876).

Beak four-toothed above, entire below, about twice as long as
the spine on each side. Terminal segment of the tail with a
longitudinal median groove above, and with two pairs of small
spiues at its extremity. Anterior legs with the hand rough, the
fingers opening horizontally. Length 2\ in.

Australian Coast. Found also in New Zealand.

Family IV. PALjEMONIDJE.

Second pair of legs much larger and longer than the first,
wrist never annulate. Mandibles deeply bilobed, often palpi-
gerous. Rostrum well developed.

Genus Anchistia, Dana.

Bostrum slender, generally ensiform and elongate. Body
scarcely depressed, often compressed. Eyes moderate ; anten-
nules with two flagella. Mandibles not palpigerous. The
antennae provided with two flagella, one scarcely bifid. External
maxillipedes slender, pediform.

M

194) AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

362. Anchistia aesopia.

Anchistia cesopia, Spence Bate, P. Z. S., 1863, p. 502, pi. xli.,
fig. 5.

Rostrum nearly straight, armed above with nine teeth, the
posterior standing near the centre of the carapace, and with two
below near the apex. Carapace with an infra-orbital, a post-
orbital, and an anterior branchial tooth. Pleon with the third
segment postero-dorsally carinated and elevated into a hump-like
tooth, being posteriorly produced to a point. Internal antennae
having the peduncle as long as the rostrum ; the first joint,
which is longer than the other two, broad, squamiform, and
armed with two teeth ; primary and secondary flagella fused
together for about two-thirds of the length of the primary, the
secondary half as long again as the primary, and the tertiary
one-third of the length of the primary. Basal scale of external
antennae rounded at the point, armed with a tooth, and reaching
quite to the extremity of the rostrum, the flagellum being as long
as the animal. First pair of legs chelate, slender, the propodos
slightly enlarged, the dactylus straight and nearly as long as the
propodos. Second pair longer and thicker than the first,
dactylus slightly longer than the antagonising process of the
propodos. Telson obtuse at the apex and furnished with two
long and four short spiues. [S. i?.]

Gulf of St. Vincent.

Genus Pal^hon, Pabr.
Carapace somewhat compressed and rounded above, with a
marginal spine below the eyes, and sometimes a second spine
placed behind it upon the hepatic region. Rostrum long, later-
ally compressed and dentated. Eyes prominent, not concealed
by the carapace. Internal antenna? with three flagella. External
maxillipedes slender. Mandibles with a three-jointed palpus.
Pirst and second pairs of legs chelate, the first pair slender, the
second much longer and thicker, but not lamellate. Abdomen large.

Sub-Genus Leander, Desmarest.
Carapace with a lateral spine on the front margin, and a
second marginal or sub-marginal spine placed beneath it, but
without a spine on the hepatic regin behind the upper marginal
spine. (Species usually of small size. Legs of the second pair
not so greatly developed as in Palamon.)

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 195

363. Leander natator.

Pal anion natator, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. ii., p. 293
(1837).

Leander erraticus, Desmai'est, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, p. 87
(1819).

Leander natator, Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 86 (1876).

Rostrum about the length of the basal scale of the external
antennae, narrow at base, but very wide at the end, almost lance-
shaped, with eleven or twelve teeth above, scarcely dentate
below. Second pair of legs of moderate length, very slender
towards the base, but narrowing to the extremity ; palms ovoid ;
fingers slender and straight to near the end. Last abdominal
segment terminating in three spines and two rather long bristles.
Length about 1\ in. \_M.-E.~]

"Widely distributed.

364. Leander intermedius.

Leander intermedins, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,
Vol. xii., Sp. 461.

Branchiostegal spine long, very acute, situated far back, near
the margin. Rostrum slender, reaching beyond the appendages
of the antenna, reflexed, with seven teeth above (the third tooth
above the eyes), quadridentate below, the apex bifid or bidentate
Eyes large. Antennules not shorter than the body, the two
external flagella joined throughout half their length. External
maxillipedes scarcely extending beyond the peduncle of the
antennae. " Second pair of feet extending a little beyond the
appendages of the antenna?, hand a little thickened, carpus
scarcely longer than the fingers. Posterior feet moderate,
sparsely armed with spines, dactyli rather long. Pellucid
marked with yellow lines, and sometimes sparsely dotted with
black. Length 1 in. \_Stimps.~]

Port Jackson.

365. Leander serenus.

Leander serenus, Heller, Reise der Novara, Crust., p. 110,
pi. x., fig. 5.

Carapace smooth. Rostrum extending a little beyond the
appendices of the antennae, ensiform, a little reflexed at the
apex, with a straight superior crest, armed with 9-11 teeth placed

19G ATTSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

at equal distances, and continued over a third part of the cara-
pace, the two terminal teeth a little removed from the others,
smaller, placed near the apex ; the inferior crest with 3-4 teeth.
First pair of feet reaching the apex of the appendages or
extending a little beyond them. Second pair of feet shorter than
the carapace, cylindrical, smooth ; the merus shorter than the
appendages ; carpus cylindrical, and almost equalling the chelae
in length, much longer than the palm ; fingers not gaping, two-
thirds of the length of the palm. Posterior feet rather long, the
last extending beyond the appendages of the antennae. [Heller.']

Sydney (Heller).

Sub- Genus Pal.emon,

Carapace with a single lateral spine on the front margin, and
behind it a second spine, on the hepatic region. (Species often
attaining a large size, and with the second pair of legs greatly
developed.)

366. Palsemon ornatus.

Palcemon ornatus, Olivier, Encycl., viii., p. G60, (1812) ; M.-
Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 39G, (1837) ; E. J. Miers, Cat.
Crust. N.Z., p. 87, (1876).

Rostrum nearly straight, not reaching to, or at least not passing
beyond, the end of the lamellar appendage of the external
antennae, and armed with eight to ten small teeth on its superior
border, and with two or three on its lower border. Legs of the
second pair very long, slender, and as it were chagrinate ; carpus
of about the same length as the palmar portion of the hand ;
fingers cylindrical, and a little looked at the end, and armed with
a tooth on the mobile finger and two near the base of the
immobile finger. In young individuals those teeth are scarcely
visible, but in the course of growth, they become very strong.
Following legs nearly smooth and having the terminal joint
extremely short. Last segment of the abdomen obtuse at the
end, terminated by a semicircular border, armed on each side
with a spine. Length nearly 6 inches. [M.-E.]

Widely distributed in Australia. Found also at the Mauritius,
Fijis, New Hebrides, New Zealand, etc.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 197

367. Palaemon Danas.

PaJa'inoii Danes, Heller, Reise der Novara, Crust., p. 120,
pi. xi., fig. 3.

Rostrum ensiform, the apex a little reflexed, not shorter than
the appendage of the antennae, above slightly convex and armed
with 10-11 teeth, the teeth almost ecpaidistant and continued on
the third part of the dorsum of the carapace, the first smaller
and approximated to the apex ; the lower border a little arched,
tridentate. First pair of feet scarcely extending beyond the
rostrum. Second pair of feet longer than the rostrum, cylindrical,
smooth, the propodos reaching the apex of the rostrum. [S.]

Sydney (Heller).

368. Palaemon, sp.

Tasmania (Australian Museum).

Family V. PANDALIDJE.

Anterior legs very slender, not chelate ; the second pair
filiform, the carpus annulated. Rostrum long, compressed, and
toothed.

Genus Pandalus, Leach.

Rostrum toothed above and below. Eyes thick, short, and
free. Superior antennae similar to those of Palaemon, but with
only two flagella. External maxillipedes slender and pediform.
Abdomen as in the Palcemonidce.

369. Pandalus leptorhynchus.

Pandalus leptorhynchus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Philad., Vol. xii., Sp. 447.

Body very slender. Carapace scarcely crested, armed with
one dorsal spine in the gastric region, anterior margin with
supra-orbital, antennary, and pterygostomial spines. Rostrum
very slender, almost filiform, not shorter than the carapace,
armed above towards the base with a single anteriorly directed
tooth, with two minute teeth below, one about tbc middle, the
other near the acute apex. Peduncle of the antennules very
slender, one-fourth shorter than the rostrum, with a broad basal

198 AUSTEALIAN HALACOSTRACA.

squame, with a spinif orm outer apex ; flagellum not longer than
the peduncle. Appendages of the antennae not shorter than the
rostrum. Third, fourth, and fifth pairs of feet subprehensile—
the dactylus capable of being retracted against the side of the
penultimate joint. Abdomen strongly geniculate, the third
segment armed with a very obtuse carina, the sixth segment very
long. Subpellucid, ornamented with yellow lines and black dots.
Length 1 in. [Sti)nps.~]

Port Jackson.

Sub-Tribe Pen.eioea.

Carapace without sutures. External antennae with a large
basal squame. Feet of the first and second pairs not thicker
than the third, the third often rather thicker, longer, and chelate ;
rarely all the legs weak and slender, the third either obsoletely
chelate or completely vergiform.

Family PEXMIDJE.

Three anterior pairs of legs chelate, longer than the rest, and
more or less stronger.

Genus Pejt-EUS, Latr.

Three anterior pairs of feet linear ; two posterior pairs not
annulated. Carapace with a long ensiform rostrum. Abdominal
feet with two laminae. External maxillipedes palpigerous.

370. Penseus canaliculatus.

Palcemon canaliculatus, Olivier, Encycl., viii., p. 600 (1811).

Penceus canal iculatus, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 411
(ls;J7) ; DeHaan, Eaun. Japon., Crust., p. 190(1819); E. J.
Miers, P. Z. S., 1878, p. 298 ; Has well, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S/W.,
Vol. iv., p. 38 (1879).

Penceus plebejus, Hess, Arch, fur Nat., Vol. xxxi., p. 108,
pi. vii., fig. 19.

A median crest, mesial ly grooved behind, and with a deep
longitudinal groove on either side of it continued from the base
of the rostrum to the posterior border of the carapace. Rostrum

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 199

as long as the peduncles of the antennules, curved slightly
upwards towards the acute extremity, armed with 10-12 teeth
above and one below. A very strong tooth on the anterior
border of the carapace above the insertion of the antennae ; a
second, much smaller, between that and the rostrum ; and a
third behind the rudimentary cervical suture at the base of the
first. Base of the legs of the two first pairs armed with strong
spines. Telson with three spines on each side. Length some-
times upwards of 6 in.

Common on the coast of Australia. Found also in Celebes,
at Shanghai, Yokohama, the Loyalty Islands, the Grulf of
Suez, etc.

371. Penseus semisulcatus.

Penceus semisulcatus, De Haan, Faun. Japon., Crust., p. 191,
pi. xlvi., fig. 1 (1849) ; Miers, 1. c, p. 299.

A dorsal carina extending to the posterior margin, faintly
or obsoletely sulcated. Grastro-hepatic sulcus faintly defined.
Rostrum long, 7-8-toothed above, 3-toothed below. First pair
of legs bispinose, second pair unispinose, third unarmed at the
base.

Northern parts of the Australian coast. Found also on the
coasts of India, Formosa, the Philippines, and Fiji.

372. Penaeus monodon.

Penceus monodon, Fabr., Suppl., p. 408 ; Latr., Hist. Nat. des
An. et Ins., t. vi., p. 219 ; Lamarck, Hist, des An. sans Vert.,
t. v., p. 205 ; Desmarest, Consid., p. 22.3 ; Milne- Edwards, Hist.
Nat. Crust, t. ii., p. 416 ; Miers, 1. c, p. 307.

A short dorsal carina, without sulci, and not reaching to the
posterior extremity of the carapace. Gastro-hepatic sulcus deep.
Rostrum with G-7 teeth above — those toward the apex separated
by greater intervals than exist between those of P. semisulcatus ;
with 3 teeth below ; not reaching beyond the antennal scale.
Telson acute.

"Western Australia. Found also in Ceylon.

200 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

373. Penaeus monoceros.

Penceus monoceros, Fabr., Suppl., p. 400 ; Latr., 1. c, p. 249,
Milne- Edwards, 1. c, p. 415 ; Miers, 1. c, p. 301.

Dorsal carina not sulcate. Rostrum long, but not reaching
far beyond the antennary squame, ensiform straight, with 8-10
teeth above, the teeth extending along the whole upper margin,
unarmed below. Telson without lateral spines.

Endeavour River. Eound also on the coasts of India.

374. Penseus esculentus.

Penceus esculentus, Haswell, 1. c, p. 38.

Rostrum extending nearly as far forward as the distal end of
the second joint of the internal antennae, pointed, and very
slightly recurved near the tip ; its superior border armed with a
series of six pointed teeth, of which the most posterior is separated
from the next by a distance greater than the intervals between
the others ; its lower border armed with three or four teeth, the
intervals between which increase slightly in length distally — the
most anterior being separated by a longer interval from the apex
of the rostrum than from its successor ; rostrum continued back-
wards into a non-sulcated carina, which, however, loses itself
before attaining the posterior border of the carapace ; on each
side of the rostrum a groove or sulcus, which, commencing as an
obscure linear depression near the tip of the rostrum, increases
in breadth and depth posteriorly, but becomes lost about the
middle of the carapace. Supra-orbital spine absent ; hepatic
and antennary spines present ; gastro-hepatic sulcus very deep ;
cervical groove obsolete posteriorly. Rami of antennules short ;
the internal scarcely equalling in length the two last segments
of the peduncle ; the external somewhat longer. Outer maxilli-
pedes hairy, the palp short, hardly reaching to the distal end of
the second joint of the endopodite. Ambulatory legs increasing
in length to the third, which is nearly as long as the carapace
and rostrum ; the fourth pair much shorter than the third, but
equal to the second ; the fifth intermediate in length between
the second and third. Eirst pair with a long acute spine on the
under surface of the second joint, and another on the under
sui'face of the third joint ; the second pair with a single spine on

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 201

the second joint. Abdomen with well-marked carina on the
fourth, fifth, and sixth segments ; the first, second, fourth and
fifth segments with a notch on each side posteriorly. Seventh
segment strongly grooved on the middle dorsal line, its apex
spiniform, its lateral margin devoid of spines. Appendages of
sixth segment rounded distally, the inner slightly more pointed.
Length of largest specimen 9 in.

Port Jackson ; Port Darwin (Alex. Morton).

This is the common edible prawn of Sydney, Newcastle, etc.

375. Penseus Macleayi.

Penceus Macleayi, Haswell, 1. c, p. 40.

Rostrum extending nearly as far forward as the end of the
antennary scale, very slender and styliform near the apex, which
is recurved ; armed with five or six teeth above, of which the fifth
is separated from the fourth by an interval greater than that
separating the others ; unarmed below ; produced behind into a
low carina, which broadens out and becomes lost before attaining
the posterior third of the carapace ; a lateral groove at the side of
the rostrum and the anterior part of the carapace. G-astro-hepatie
sulcus deep. Supra-orbital spine absent ; antennary and hepatic
spines present. Filaments of antennules sub-equal, scarcely
equal in length to the two last joints of the peduncle. External
maxillipedes slender, hairy • palp extending as far as the middle
of the third articulation of the endopodite. First pair of ambu-
latory legs as long as the antennary scale, very hairy internally ;
second and third progressively longer ; fourth shorter than third;
fifth the longest of all, and very slender. First and second and
sometimes third pairs each with a spine at the base of the second
joint. Abdomen having the fourth, fifth, and sixth segments
dorsally carinated ; carina ending in a small spine at the posterior
border of the sixth segment. Terminal segment longitudinally
grooved in the middle dorsal line, ending in a spiniform apex,
ciliated laterally, and armed on each side near the extremity with
a strong spine, with two or three weaker spines immediately
anterior to it. Length 5 in.

Port Jackson.

202 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

376. Penseus granulosus.

Penceus granulosus, Haswell, 1. c. p. 41.

Rostrum rather short, not reaching so far as the end of the
antennary scale, very slightly recurved, with ten small teeth
ahove, situated close together anteriorly — the intervals between
consecutive teeth increasing progressively from before backwards,
the last separated from the penultimate by a wide interval;
under surface toothless, with a fringe of very long cilia. Rostrum
continued backwards into a blunt carina, which is non-sulcate,
and reaches to the posterior margin of the carapace ; no lateral
sulci. Carapace granular. Supra-orbital spine present, small ;
antennary and hepatic spines present ; gastro-hepatic sulcus
almost obsolete. Eyes large. Antennules with the nagella
sub-equal, nearly equal in length to the peduncle. External
maxillipedes hairy, the first three joints of the endopodite broad,
compressed ; flagellum reaching hardly as far as the distal end
of the second joint. Ambulatory limbs progressively increasing
in length to the third pair ; fourth shorter than, fifth equal to
the third pair. Eirst and second pairs both unispinous, third
non-spinous. Surface of abdomen minutely granular ; third,
fourth, fifth and sixth segments with a mesial dorsal carina,
which ends in a small spine on the sixth segment. Eirst, second,
fourth and fifth rings with a lateral notch on their posterior
border ; those on the first and second segments shallow and open,
those on the fourth and fifth rather deeper. Seventh segment
mesially grooved ; its apex acute, but not developed into a spine ;
its lateral margin with a single, weak spine.

The above is the description of the adult female. Erom the
some localities are a number of small male specimens, which
seem to be the males of this species ; they differ from the females
in the following points: — (1) the rostrum is a shade higher and
more compressed ; (2) the peduncles of the antennae are rather
shorter ; (3) the anterior pair of legs are bispinous ; (4<) there
is no marked dorsal carina on the carapace. Length of female
3^ in. ; of male 2.V in.

Darnley Island; Cape Grenville; Cape York (Maeleay
Museum).

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 203

377. Penaeus Mastersii.

Pciksus Mastersii, Haswell, 1. c, p. 12.

Rostrum reaching nearly as far as the end of the antennary
scale, slender, nearly straight; armed above with eight or nine
teeth, of which the last is separated by a wide interval from the
penultimate ; unarmed below ; continued back into a non-sulcate
carina which does not reach to the posterior margin. A slight
lateral groove at the side of the rostrum, not continued backwards.
Carapace smooth ; supra-orbital spine rudimentary ; hepatic and
antennary spines present, acute ; gastro-hepatic sulcus deep ;
cervical suture well-marked in its anterior half. Eyes large ;
flagella of antennules equal in length to the two last segments of
the peduncle. External maxillipedes rather slender ; palp
extending to the distal end of the ante-penultimate joint of the
endopodite. First three pairs of legs progressively increasing
in length from before backwards ; fourth much shorter than
third ; fifth of about the same length as the latter ; first
three pairs with a spine on the under surface of their second
joint. Fourth, fifth, and sixth segments of abdomen carinated,
the carina on the sixth segment ending in a small spine ; the
posterior border of the first, second, fourth, and fifth with a
notch on each side — shallow and wide on the first and second,
deeper and narrower on the fourth and fifth. Last abdominal
segment mesially grooved, and with a slight lateral groove near
each external border, apex pointed, but not markedly spiniform ;
lateral margin devoid of spines. Length 3| in.

Port Darwin (Macleay Museum).

378. Penseus Novse-Guinese.

Penceus Nova- Gainece, Haswell, 1. c, p. 43.

Rostrum rather short, not quite reaching to the end of the
antennary scale ; straight, sub-acute, armed above with six small
teeth ; unarmed below. No marked dorsal carina, nor longitu-
dinal sulci on the carapace. Surface of carapace pilose ; gastro-
hepatic sulcus moderately deep ; hepatic and supra- orbital spines
absent. Eyes large. External maxillipedes hairy, palp extend-
ing to the distal end of the second joint. Third pair of
ambulatory legs longer than second ; fourth shorter than third ;
fifth about equalling the latter in length. Under surfaces of
second and third pairs devoid of spines. Abdomen pilose, a

204 ATJSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

mesial dorsal carina on the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth.
A deep lateral notch on the posterior border of the fourth and
fifth segments. Last abdominal segment with a narrow mesial
groove ; its apex spiniform ; its lateral border armed with three
spines. Length 2^ in.

A single, imperfect, male specimen of this species, from
Katow, New G-uinea, is in the Macleay Museum collection.

379. Penseus Palmensis.

PaHeus Palmensis, Hasweil, 1. c, p. 43.

Rostrum short, hardly exceeding the eyes in length, strongly
reflexed from the base, straight in the rest of its extent, sub-acute,
with eight teeth above — the last separated from the penultimate
by a wide interval ; unarmed below. No dorsal carina on the
carapace. Surface of carapace pilose ; gastro- hepatic sulcus
shallow ; orbital spine absent ; antennary and hepatic spines
present. Plagella of antennules very short, not much exceeding
in length the last segment of the peduncle. Palp of external
maxillipedes exceedingly short and slender. Proportionate
length of ambulatory limbs as in preceding species ; a spine on
the under surface of the second joint of the first and second
pairs. Abdomen with the second to the sixth segments carinated.
Posterior borders of the first and second with a shallow excava-
tion on each side ; those of the fourth and fifth with deep notches.
No spines in the middle of the posterior border of the sixth
segment. Last segment with a narrow mesial groove ; its apex
spiniform ; its lateral margins armed with several spines. Length
about 1\ in.

Palm Island (Chevert Exped.).

Grenus Sicyonia, Milne-Edwards.
Three anterior pairs of legs linear ; two posterior pairs not
annulated. Carapace with a short rostrum, semi-calcareous,
dorsally carinate. Abdominal appendages uniramous. Second
and third pairs of maxillipedes not palpigerous. Internal
antenna? very short.

380. Sicyonia sp. ?

liostrum and dorsal carina of carapace with seven strong teeth
above ; rostrum not reaching to the extremity of the antennary

ATTSTBALIAN HALACOSTBACA. 205

squame ; dorsal carina arched. A strong dorsal carina on all
the abdominal segments, that on the sixth very prominent ; sides
of the segments deeply channelled, without spines at the sides ;
sixth segment with the postero-external angle prominent, tooth-
like. Telson unarmed, entire at the extremity.

Port Denison (Mr. Alex. Morton).

This is very probably S. sculpta of Stimpson.

381. Sicyonia sp. ?

Dorsal carina with three very large acute teeth, the notches
between which extend down to the general level of the carapace.
Rostrum with three teeth above ; its extremity abruptly truncate
and armed with three small teeth ; no teeth below. Sides of the
abdominal segments not deeply channelled, each with a slight
dorsal carina ; a very small spine-like tooth at the postero-lateral
angle of the fifth and sixth segments. Telson terminating in
three small spines, of which the median one is the largest.
Length 2\ in.

Port Jackson.

Order STOMATOPODA.

Ophthalmic and antennulary segments free. Branchia? not
enclosed beneath the carapace, but pendent from the base of the
abdominal appendages. Carapace short, covering only the
segments of the head. Internal antennae with three flagella.
External antennas short, with a f oliaceous scale. Second pair of
legs greatly developed and prehensile. Abdomen large, the
telson and appendages of the last segment greatly developed.

Genus Ltsiosquilla, Dana.

Carapace not longitudinally costate, the cervical suture
posteriorly obsolete. Eostral plate reaching to, but usually not
covering the base of the eye-peduncles. The five exposed
thoracic segments and the segments of the abdomen loosely
articulated and depressed ; the latter wider than the thoracic
segments, and not longitudinally carinate ; mobile spines of
posterior margin absent or very minute. Dactylus of second
thoracic limbs not dilated at base, and armed internally with
long and usually numerous spines. \_Miers.~\

20G AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

382. Lysiosquilla Brazieri. A.M.
Li/siosquilla Brazieri, Miers, Ann. Mag. N. H. (5), v., p. 11,

pi. i., figs. 3-6.

Carapace longer than broad ; posterior margin twice as broad
as the anterior, with the antero-lateral angles obtuse and the
postero-lateral rounded. Rostrum broader than long, with the
antero-lateral angles rounded and with a long median spine. A
small spine on each side of the antennal segment. Dactyli of
the raptorial limbs six-spined. Appendages of last pair of
thoracic limbs scarcely dilated, almost linear, two preceding pairs
ovate and broadly expanded. Telson twice as broad as long,
convex, with seven spinules disposed in a transverse series
behind the middle line ; the median flat, trigonous, and not
produced at the base, the next on each side produced at base on
its outer margin, the third somewhat thickened at base ; postero-
lateral margin with three narrow acute spines (the last mobile),
a single spinule between the anterior spines, three between the
posterior ; posterior margin without median sinus, armed with
about fourteen very minute spines. [Miers].

Port Jackson.

383. Lysiosquilla acanthocarpus.

Coronis acanthocarpus, Gray (hied.), White, List Crust. Brit.
Mus., p. 85 (1817).

Li/siosquilla acanthocarpus, Miers, 1. c, p. 11, pi. i., figs. 7-9.

Dilated basal portion of the rostral plate nearly quadrate,
antero-lateral angles right angles ; terminal median spine rather
short and somewhat triangular, broadest at base. Telson with
six small spines in a transverse series on its upper surface, with
three pairs of marginal spines, the median pair movable and
smaller than the rest, and with the interval between them finely
serrated ; two spinules between those and each lateral pair, one
spinule between the teeth of each lateral pair. Dactyli of
raptorial limbs with six spines, the last very small. [Miers.]

Port Essington (Brit. Museum).

Genus Chloridella, Eydoux et Souleyet.
Allied to SqitiUa, but with the eye-peduncles ovoid, dilated in
their middle, and constricted at the extremity. Rostral plate
and carapace very small. Cervical suture distinct posteriorly.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 207

384. Chloridella microphthalma.

Squilla microphthalma, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., ii.,
p. 523 (1837).

Chlorida microphthalma, Eyd. et Soul., Voy. de la Bonite,
Crust., p. 266 (1841).

Chloridella microphthalma, Miers, 1. c, p. 14, pi. ii., figs. 1-1.

Carapace smooth, widening posteriorly, with a small spine at
the antero- lateral and broadly rounded at the postero-lateral
angles, rostral plate small, semi-oval and regularly rounded.
Fourth thoracic segment armed on each side with a small
spinule. First to fifth segments of the abdomen faintly marked
with two lateral carinas ; sixth segment with sub-median carina?
as well as lateral, all terminating in spines. Terminal segment
broader than long, with a median obtuse crest, and on either
side of it several irregular tubercles, and with six acute marginal
teeth, between which are a number of smaller spiniform teeth.
Dactyli of raptorial limbs four-spined, terminal spine very long.
[JC]

Port Essington (Brit. Museum). Obtained also at Singapore.

G-enus Squilla, Eabr.

Carapace usually marked with more or less distinct longitu-
dinal costae. Cervical suture posteriorly distinct. Eostral plate
rarely covering the base of the eye-peduncles. The four or five
posterior exposed thoracic segments, and the abdominal segments
compactly articulated, the latter marked with six or eight longi-
tudinal carina? ; terminal segment without, or with two very
minute mobile spines at its distal end. Dactylus of raptorial
limbs not dilated at base, and armed with long spines on its
inner margin. Appendages of the three posterior thoracic limbs
slender and styliform. \_M.~\

385. Squilla miles.

Squilla miles, Hess, Archiv fiir Nat., xxxi., p. 169, pi. vii.,
fig. 21 (1865) ; Miers, 1. c, p. 17.

Carapace elongated and narrowed anteriorly, with the cervical
suture strongly denned and deeply sinuated posteriorly ; on the
postero-lateral regions of the carapace are two short lateral
carina? ; antero-lateral as well as postero-lateral angles of

208 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

carapace rounded. On the fifth abdominal segment the lateral
carina? and on the sixth all the carinas terminate in spines.
Telson with five longitudinal median crests, and the interspaces
with small irregular prominences ; with six strong marginal
spines and numerous smaller denticles in the interspaces ; sub-
median marginal spines each terminating in a small mobile
spinule. Dactyli of raptorial limbs small, with three spines
besides the terminal one.

Sydney (Hess) ; Victoria (Brit. Museum) .

386. Squilla nepa.

Squilla nepa, Latr., Encycl., x., p. 471 ; M.-Edw., Hist. Nat.
Crust., ii., p. 522 (1837) ; White, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 83
(1817) ; Heller, Reise der Novara, Crust,, p. 121 (1865) ; Miers,
Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 89 (1876), Ann. Mag. N. H. (5), v, p. 25,
pi. ii., fig. 13.

Squilla oraloria, De Haan, Faun. Japon. Crust., p. 223, pi. Ii.,
fig. 2; Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 621 ; Heller,
Eeise der Novara, Crust., p. 121 (1865).

? Squilla Icevis, Hess, Archiv fiir Nat., xxxi., p. 170, pi. vii.,
fig. 22 (1865).

Rostral plate usually oblong, smooth above, without a median
carina ; lateral margin of carapace not angulated in front of the
postero-lateral lobe ; exposed thoracic segments, and usually two
or three of the anterior abdominal segments marked with a
longitudinal median impressed line. Lateral processes of the
first three exposed thoracic segments bilobate, the anterior lobe
of the first segment elongated, curved forwards, and acute ; in
the second and third segments the posterior lobe is the larger
and acute. On the second to the sixth abdominal segment
usually a small median tubercle, the first lateral carina? usually
interrupted ; upper surface of terminal segment marked with
shallow pits symmetrically disposed in curved lines on either
side of the median keel ; between the sub-median terminal spines
usually from six to eight, and between the sub-median and first
lateral spines usually seven or eight small denticles or spiuules.
Distal prolongation of base of uropoda ending in two slender
elongated spines, the inner and longer of which has a small tooth

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 209

or lobe on its outer margin. Dactyli of raptorial limbs armed
with six spines. [-3/1]

Port Curtis. Generally distributed in the Indo-pacific region.

G-enus Pseudosquilla, Guerin.

Carapace not longitudinally costate ; cervical suture faintly
denned or obsolete posteriorly. Rostral plate reaching to and
covering the base of the eye-peduncles. Pour posterior thoracic
segments not covered by the carapace. Exposed thoracic and
abdominal segments compactly articulated ; the latter smooth,
not longitudinally costate ; the terminal segment well developed,
and bearing at its distal end two mobile spines. Dactylus of
the raptorial limbs not dilated at base, unarmed, or with few
spines on its inner margin. Appendages of three posterior
thoracic limbs slender and styliform.

387. Pseudosquilla ciliata.

? Squilla ciliata. Fabr., Ent. Syst, ii., p. 512 (1793) ; Owen,
Zool. Yoy. "Blossom," p. 90, pi. xxvii., fig. 5 (1839) ; White,
List Crust. Brit. Mm, p. 84 (1847).

SqulUa stylifera, Lam., Hist, des An. sans Vert., v., p. 189 ;
Latr., Encycl., x., p. 472 ; Guerin, Icon., pi. xxiv., fig. 1 ;
M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 526.

Pseudosquilla stylifera, Dana, IT. S. Explor. Exped., Crust.,
i., p. 622, pi. xli., fig. 4.

Pseudosquilla ciliata, Miers, Ann. Mag. N. H, (5), v., p. 108,
pi. iii., figs. 7, 8.

Carapace smooth, with the longitudinal sutures straight and
continuous from the anterior to the posterior margin, but without
the transverse cervical suture ; its posterior margin straight,
with the antero-lateral and postero-lateral angles rounded and
not produced. Rostral plate nearly of a transversely oval shape,
smooth above. Exposed thoracic segments not produced laterally ;
the first segment very narrow and acute on the sides, the second
broader and laterally sub-truncated, the third more rounded
laterally. The fifth abdominal segment with a small tooth or
spine at its postero-lateral angle ; the sixth segment armed with
six spines, the second on each side being placed nearer to the
anterior margin. Telson armed with two longitudinal carina; on

N

210 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

each side of the median keel (the inner of the two being much
less strongly marked), with a third carina on each side close to
the lateral margin ; six lateral spines, the two mobile and sub-
median spines being the longest. Dactyli of raptorial limbs
armed with three slender spines (including the terminal spine
which is longest). Terminal spines of the basal prolongation of
the uropoda nearly equal ; inner spine not toothed on its outer
margin. Length nearly 3 in. [J/".]

Widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific region, and
found also at the Mauritius, in the Keel Sea, and at Cuba.

Grenus G-onodactylus, Latr.

Allied to PseudosquiUa, but with the penultimate joint of the
raptorial limbs not armed with minute pectinately-disposed teeth,
and with the dactylus considerably dilated at the base ; the
mobile spines at the distal extremity of the telson small or
obsolete.

388. Gonodactylus chiragra. A.M.

Squilla chiragra, Fabr., Ent. Syst., ii., p. 513, Supp., p. 417 ;
Desmarest, Consid., p. 251, pi. xliii.

Cancer (Mantis) chiragra, Herbst, Naturg. Krabben, &c, ii.,
p. 100, pi. xxxiv., fig. 2.

Gonodactylus chiragra, Latr., Encycl., x., p. 473 ; M.-Edw.,
Hist. Nat. Crust., ii., p. 528 ; White, List Crust. Brit. Mus.,
p. 84 ; Dana, IT. S. Explor. Exped., Crust., i., p. 623, pi. xli.,
fig. 5 ; Heller, Keise Novara, Crust., p. 120 ; Miers, Phil. Trans.,
clxviii., p. 495 ; Ann. Mag. N. H. (5), v., p. 118.

Carapace smooth, nearly oblong, with the sides parallel, the
antero-lateral and postero-lateral angles unarmed and rounded.
Median spine of rostrum long and acute, its lateral lobes but
little prominent and rounded. First exposed thoracic segment
not produced ; lateral process of the second segment somewhat
rounded, that of the third segment sub-truncate, and that of the
fourth segment narrowed towards the lateral margin. Lateral
margins of the first to fifth abdominal segments carinated, the
carina3 not ending in spines ; sixth segment with six equidistant
longitudinal prominences, which are narrowed posteriorly, and
terminate each in a spine. Upper surface of telson armed with

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 211

three elongated and convex prominences or tubercles, which do
not terminate in spines, and with four triangular marginal teeth,
of which the two posterior are very large and tipped each with
a small mobile spinule. Antennules and antennae small and
slender ; dactyli of raptorial limbs without teeth on their inner
margins, which are furnished with two rows of granules in their
basal, and with a thin cutting edge in their terminal half ; basal
part of the dactylus considerably thickened externally, the styli-
form terminal portion acute and usually sinuate. Distal pro-
longation of the base of the uropoda ending in two rather short
strong spines — the outer of which has no tooth on its inner
margin. Length nearly 4 in. \_M.~]

Port Denison ; Torres Straits ; Swan River. A species of
wide range throughout the Oriental Region, veiy common on
coral reefs in tropical Australia.

389. Gonodactylus graphurus. A.M.

Gonodactylus graphurus, White, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 85 ;
Miers, Ann. Mag. N. H. (-1), xvi., p. 344, and (5), v., p. 120,
pi. hi., fig. 9.

This species differs from the preceding in the presence of a
small median keel between the innermost prominences of the
sixth abdominal segment ; in the possession of seven closely-placed
prominences on the upper surface of the telson, the median
being the largest, the others becoming successively smaller, and
the median and sub-median being usually armed with spines ; in
the presence of six marginal spines, and in the presence of a
small tooth on the inner margin of the basal prolongation of the
uropoda. [iLT.]

Port Denison; Port Curtis; Cumberland Island; Torres
Straits ; Port Essington, etc. Widely distributed in the Indo-
Pacific Region, and not uncommon on coral reefs within the
tropics in Australia, but rarer than the preceding.

390. Gonodactylus trispinosus.

Gonodactylus trispinosus, White, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 85;
Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust, i., p. G23 ; Heller, Reise der
Novara, Crust., p. 12G ; Miers, Cat. Crust,, KZ., p. 90, and Ann.
Mag. KH. (5), v., p. 121, pi. iii., fig. 10.

212 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

Anterolateral angles of rostrum produced into spines, which
are nearly as long as the median spine. Fifth abdominal segment
longitudinally corrugated ; sixth apparently coalescent with the
telson, and armed with six convex tubercles. Telson armed
above with three convex rounded tubercles disposed in a triangle ;
behind these the upper surface marked with impressed lines ;
posterior margin with a median notch, and divided by narrow
fissures into about six truncated lobes. Stylif orm termination of
the dactyli of the raptorial limbs short, unarmed. Outer of
the spines of the basal prolongation of the uropoda larger than
the inner, and armed with a tooth on its inner margin. Length
about li in. [J£]

Swan Eiver ; Shark's Bay. Found also at Fiji and Auckland.

II. EDRIOPHTHALMATA.

Malacostracous Crustacea with mandibles and maxillipedes
adapted for mastication, sessile eyes, and destitute of a carapace.

Tribe I. AMPHIPODA.

Body rounded above, and laterally compressed, the seven pair
of thoracic legs consisting of an anterior series of four pairs (of
which the first two have a more or less perfectly chelate hand),
and a posterior series of three pairs. Branchial vesicles pendent
from the thoracic limbs. Segments of the abdomen distinct, the
abdomen usually elongated, but sometimes rudimentary. Abdo-
minal appendages of the first three segments elongate, ciliated
and flexible ; of the three succeeding pairs stylif orm, terminal
segment small, or rudimentary.

Group Normalia.

Coxae of the pereiopoda squamiformly developed, generally
large enough to protect the branchial sacs. Pleon normally
developed. Three anterior pairs of pereiopoda consisting of
ciliated, double-branched, multi-articulate, flexible appendages,
which are used in swimming, and originate ou the ventral
surface,. Three posterior pairs of pleopoda consisting of stiff,
generally double-branched stylets, of which the last pair vary
more than the others, and sometimes have the spines developed

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 213

into hooks. Telson formed of a single, or double, unimportant
minute plate, sometimes furnished with hook-like spines.

Division GAMMARINA.

Upper antennae consisting of a peduncle of three joints and a
multi-articulate flagellum, with sometimes a secondary appendage
originating at its base. The lower antennae consisting of a
peduncle of five joints (of which the first two are more or less
fused together and bear the olfactory denticle) and a flagellum.
Maxillipedes covering the preceding appendages of the mouth.
One or both of the gnathopoda sub-chelate. [S. B.~\

Sub-Division Vacantia.

Lower antenna? terminating like the superior ; spines upon
the posterior pleopoda never developed into hooks, but generally
into fine hairs, except in the Saltatoria. \_S. B.~\

Legion SALTATOEIA.

Posterior pair of pleopoda never exceeding the preceding in
length. Hairs on the entire animal short and stiff. Mode of
progression, when out of the water, by leaps. [S. B.~\

Family I. ORCHESTIDuE.
Upper antenna? shorter than the lower, and not furnished with
a secondary appendage. Mandibles without an appendage.
Coxa? largely developed. Three posterior pairs of pleopoda short
and robust, the last unibranched. [S. B.~]

Genus Taliteus, Latr.

Upper antenna? not reaching the extremity of the penultimate
articulation of the peduncle of the lower. Lower antenna?
having the two basal articulations absorbed in the frontal wall
of the head. Mandibles not palpigerous. Maxillipedes not
unguiculate. First pair of gnathopoda not subcheliform in either
sex ; second pair of gnathopoda rudimentary and imperfectly
subcheliform in both sexes. Coxa? of the third pair of pereio-
poda almost as deep as those of the preceding pereiopoda, and
divided into two equal scales. Posterior pleopoda unibranched.
Telson single.

214 AUSTEALIAN HALACOSTEACA.

301. Talitrus sylvaticus. A.M.

Talitrus sylvaticus, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. iv.,
p. 245, pi. vii., fig. 1.

Superior antennae nearly equal in length to the cephalon
and first segment of the pereion ; first segment of the peduncle
compressed ; second segment the longest ; third very short ;
ilagellum rather shorter than the peduncle. Inferior antenna)
equal in length to the cephalon and pereion ; peduncle with
three articuli visible, the third nearly twice as long as the
second ; flagellum longer than peduncle, finely fringed with cilia.
Mandibles powerful, very deep ; furnished with a large and
prominent molar eminence crossed by about a dozen dentary
ridges; cutting edge armed with four teeth, that nearest the
molar surface bifurcated, the next two simple, prominent, the
fourth inconspicuous ; between the first of these teeth and the
molar eminence are several pointed, curved, ciliated spines.
Maxillipedes resembling somewhat those of T. locusta; the plate
of the first articulation armed with three short blunt teeth, that
of the second articulation ending in a single tooth ; carpus and
propodos with one or two seta\ Anterior gnathopoda pedif orm,
the propodos tapering distally. Posterior gnathopoda imper-
fectly subcheliform ; the carpus and propodos long and narrow
(longer in the female than in the male), the short dactylos
situated at a little distance from the extremity of the propodos.
Anterior pereipoda subequal. Pereiopoda of the third pair
much shorter than the fourth and fifth ; bases of fifth pair broad,
finely serrated along the posterior margin. Last pair of pleopoda
short. Telson consisting of a disc-like, dorsally-concave plate,
bordered with hairs, and cleft in the middle line posteriorly.
Colour usually dark slate, occasionally dull yellow. Length
5£ lines.

N. S. Wales, in woods and scrubs.

392. Talitrus afflnis. A.M.

Talitrus affinis, Haswell, 1. c, vol. v., p. 97, pi. v., fig. 1.

Distinguished from T. sylcaticus, which it otherwise very
closely resembles, by the form of the posterior gnathopoda— the
ineros having a truncate process below, the carpus having its

AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRACA. 215

lower border convex, and the propodos having a longitudinal,
hairy ridge.

Tasmania (K. Broadbent.)

Genus Talorchestia, Dana.
Differs from Talitrus in having the first pair of gnathopoda
subcheliform in the male, as in Orchestia, and the second
developed largely, as in the male of Orchcstoidea and Orchestia,
whereas in the female the first gnathopoda are simple as in
Talitrus, and the second feeble and unimportant as in the normal
Talitri.

393. Talorchestia diernenensis.

Talorchestia diernenensis, Haswell, 1. c, vol. iv., p. 248, pi. vii.,
fig. 6.

Superior antenna? equalling the cephalon in length. Inferior
antenna? equal in length to the cephalon and first three segments
of the pereion, the third joint short, the fifth the longest ;
flagellum subequal with the peduncle, fringed with short hairs.
Anterior gnathopoda in the male with the carpus broad distally,
the propodos quadrangular, twice as long as broad, the palmar
border transverse, slightly sinuous, the dactylos short ; in the
female with both carpus and propodos narrower than in the male,
the palmar border with a deep mesial notch, the dactylos well-
developed. Posterior gnathopoda in the male large, the propodos
compressed, irregularly cordif orm, with the palm oblique, defined
by a rounded tooth ; in the female small, imperfectly subcheliform,
the propodos narrow, nearly thrice as long as broad, parallel- sided,
with the palm oblique, the dactylos rudimentary. Pereiopoda
setif erous ; third pair much shorter than fourth and fifth. Telson
triangular, blunt. Length 3 lines.

Tasmania (Macleay Museum).

394. Talorchestia quadrimana. A.M.
Orchestia quadrimana, Dana, Proc. Amer. Acad. Sci. Bost. ii.,

204 ; U.S. Exploring Exp'ed. Crust, ii., p. 879, pi. lix., fig. 7 ;
Spence Bate, Cat. Amph., p. 31, pi. v., fig. 3.

Talorchestia quadrimana, Haswell, 1. c, vol. iv., p. 248, pi. vii.,
fig. 3, and vol. v., p. 100, pi. (3, fig. 1.

Male. — Coxa? deep. Eyes large, round. Inferior antennae
exceeding in length the cephalon and two first segments of the

21G AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

pereion ; peduncle and flagellum subequal, the fifth joint of the
former longer than the fourth. Superior antennae equalling in
length the third and fourth segments of the peduncle of the
inferior pair. Mandibles very powerful, resembling in general
form those of Talitrus si/lvaticus, the cutting edge with
several strong curved teeth, between which and the grinding
tubercle are seven slender ciliated spines ; the molar tubercle
broad, crossed by numerous very fine, acute transverse ridges.
Maxillipedes non-unguiculate, the edges of the two terminal
segments and of the lateral plates armed with numerous setae.
Anterior gnathopoda subchelate, carpus and propodos subequal,
armed with setae ; propodos subtriangular, palm transverse,
hairy, defined by a rounded elevation, superior border with five
setiferous serrations. Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos
large, varying in size ; usually about four times as long as that
of the anterior pair, sub-quadrate, the palm transverse, excavated,
armed with a few minute teeth. First pair of pereiopoda rather
longer than the second ; third pair much shorter than fourth and
fifth ; fifth the longest, its basos much broader than that of the
others ; three posterior pairs armed with setae, set on lateral
serrations. Posterior pleopoda with the ramus slender. Telson
triangular, blunt, cleft.

Female. — Anterior gnathopoda subpediform, the propodos
narrowing distally, its superior border serrated, setiferous, its
lower border setiferous, entire. Posterior gnathopoda with the
carpus and propodos narrow, the dactylos rudimentary, not
reaching to the extremity of the propodos. Colour white, with
irregular light-red spots. Length 6 lines.

Found on most sandy beaches on the coast of New South
Wales (Manly, Bondi, Kiama), under masses of decaying sea-
weed above the reach of ordinary tides.

395. Talorchestia limicola.

Talorchestia limicola, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. v., p. 98, pi. v., fig. 2.

Hale. — Superior antennae as long as the cephalon and first
segment of the perion, flagellum as long as the last two segments
of the peduncle, of five articuli. Inferior antennae four times as
long as the superior pair, peduncle and flagellum sub-equal, the
latter consisting of twelve articuli. Anterior gnathopoda having

AUSTEALIAff MALACOSTEACA. 217

the carpus produced below into a rounded prominence, the
propodos sub-quadrate, broader distally than proximally, palm
transverse ; dactylos well-developed. Posterior gnathopoda with
the propodos large, sub- quadrate, broader distally than proxi-
mally; palm transverse, armed externally with two rounded
teeth, separated by a deep excavation from the rest of the palmar
border ; dactylos powerful, pointed, as long as the palm, provided
internally with a rounded protuberance.

Female. — Anterior gnathopoda with the carpus and propodos
of nearly equal length, the former sub-triangular ; the propodos
long-ovate, with two hair-armed serrations on its upper and lower
borders ; dactylos two-thirds of the length of the propodos,
acuminate. Posterior gnathopoda small, carpus and propodos
sub-equal ; the latter with an obscure, downwardly projecting
process at its distal extremity ; dactylos short, articulating near
the middle of the lower border of the propodos, and not nearly
attaining the distal extremity of the latter. Length /0- iu.

Mangrove swamps, near Bowen, Queensland, under decaying
wood, etc.

396. Talorchestia terrse-reginae. A.M.

Talorcliestia terrce-regince, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. v., p. 99, pi. v.,
fig. 4.

Male. — Superior antenna? rather longer than the cephalon ;
flagellum as long as the last two segments of the peduncle, of
six to eight articuli. Inferior antennae more than four times as
long as the superior pair ; flagellum as long as the last segment
of the peduncle, of about twenty articuli. Anterior gnathopoda
with the carpus longer than the propodos, the latter slightly curved
downwards, narrow, of nearly uniform breadth from end to end,
slightly dilated at the infero-distal angle; palm transverse;
dactylos longer than the palm. Posterior gnathopoda with the
propodos large, heart-shaped, the palm oblique, armed with short
bristles, and provided near the distal end with a prominent,
compressed, curved process, which lies in an open hollow of the
opposed border of the dactylos when the hand is closed.

Female. — Anterior gnathopoda with the carpus longer than
the propodos, both narrow and armed with a few stout seta?.
Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos provided with a short

218 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

rounded projection directed upwards, at the distal end of its
dorsal border ; extremity of dactylos scarcely reaching the distal
extremity of the propodos. Length f in.
Port Denison, Queensland, on sandy beach.

397 Talorchestia marmorata. A.M.

Talorchestia marmorata, Haswell, 1. c, p. 99, pi. v., fig. 3.

Male. — Superior antenna? longer than the cephalon ; flagellum
rather longer than the last segment of the peduncle, composed of
five articuli. Inferior antennae rather more than three times as
long as the superior pair; peduncle stout ; flagellum as long as the
peducle, composed of about seventeen articuli. Anterior gnatho-
poda with the carpus sub-triangular, its inferordistal angle produced
into a compressed, rounded process ; the propodos subequal with
the carpus, much broader distally than proximally, the infero-
distal angle produced and rounded ; the palm transverse, armed
with short setae ; the dactylos well-developed, shorter than the
palm. Posterior gnathopoda large ; carpus minute, propodos
heart-shaped, the palm oblique, armed with numerous short setae,
and defined by a minute acute tooth. Pereiopoda very thick,
base of last pair not dilated behind. The whole of the integument
very hard. Colour marbled red and white. Length \% in.

398. Talorchestia pravidactyla. A.M.

Talorchestia pravidactyla, Haswell, 1. c, pi. v., fig. o.

Male. — Superior antennae scarcely so long as the cephalon and
the first segment of the pereion ; flagellum as long as the last
two segments of the peduncle, composed of seven articuli.
Inferior antenna? more than three times as long as the superior
pair ; last segment of the peduncle more than twice as long as
the penultimate ; flagellum as long as the last segment of the
peduncle, of 21 articuli. Anterior gnathopoda with the propodos
broader distally than proximally, the inf ero-distal angle produced
into a short narrow process ; palm transverse, concave ; dactylos
acute, rather longer than the palm. Posterior gnathopoda having
the propodos large, heart shaped, the palm oblique, defined by a
blunt tooth, with a second tooth close to it on the distal side,
and a rounded elevation about the middle ; dactylos geniculate,
its apex lying between the two palmar teeth when the hand is
closed. Last pair of pereiopoda with the basos dilated posteriorly.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 219

Female. — Inferior antenna; much smaller than in the male.
Anterior gnathopoda with the carpus much longer and broader
than the propodos, the latter about twice as long as broad, rather
narrower at its distal than at its proximal end. Posterior
gnathopoda with the propodos narrow, thrice as long as broad,
the dactylos very short, inserted nearer the distal end than the
middle of the ventral border of the propodos.

Tasmania (Australian Museum.)

Genus Oeciiestia, Leach.

Distinguished from Talorchcstia by having the first pair of
gnathopoda subcheliform in both sexes.

399. Orchestia capensis.

Orchestia capensis, Dana, Explor. Exped., Crust, ii., p. 866, pi. ,
58, fig. 3, (1852), Spence Bate, Cat. Amphip., p. 23, pl.iv., fig. 2,
(1862.)

Male. — Eyes rather large. Upper antenna? reaching to the
extremity of the penultimate joint of the peduncle of the lower.
Lower antennas half as long as the animal ; the flagellum not
longer than the last joint of the peduncle, which joint is nearly
as long again as the penultimate. Eirst pair of gnathopoda with
the palm indented or concave, and no tubercle on the carpus,
dactylos longer than the palm and incurved. Propodos of second
pair of gnathopoda well developed, and the palm deeply concave.
Third pair of pereiopoda shorter than the fourth, robust. The
basos of the three posterior pereiopoda disk-shaped. [_D.]

Australia. Eound also at the Cape of Good Hope.

400. Orchestia dispar.

Orchestia dispar, Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust., ii.,
p. 878, pi. lix., fig. 6 ; Spence Bate, Cat. Amphip., p. 32, pi. v.,
fig. 5.

Male. — Coxa? of moderate size, fifth but little shorter than
fourth. Inferior antenna? scarcely half as long as body ; last
two joints of base subetpial ; flagellum longer than base ; joints
hardly oblong ; seta? not longer than half the diameter of the
joints. Superior antenna? shorter than base of inferior. First
pair of gnathopoda having the propodos quite small, broadest at

220 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

apex, and obliquely truncate, with the apical margin excavate.
Propodos of second pair stout, broad, subelliptical, obliquely
subtruncate ; palm of the propodos a little sinuous, pubescent.
First pair of pereiopoda longer than second ; fifth a little shorter
than fourth, and having the meros and carpus stout, very broad,
and much compressed ; setae very short, on propodos about as
long as semi-diameter of the joint. [D.]
Illawarra, New South Wales (Dana).

401. Orchestia Macleayana.

Orchestia Macleayana, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iii., p. 250, pi. vii.,
fig. 2.

Male. — Inferior antenna? as long as the cephalon and first four
segments of the pereion ; the peduncle stout and longer than the
flagellum. Superior antennae about one-third of the length of
the inferior pair, slightly exceeding the cephalon in length ;
flagellum and peduncle subequal. Anterior gnathopoda with
the carpus triangular, longer than the propodos ; the propodos
broader at its distal than at its proximal end, the palm
transverse. Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos large,
cordif orm, thrice as long as that of anterior pair ; palm oblique,
undefined, waved. First pair of pereiopoda longer than second.
Second pair with the meros broader than that of first pair. Three
posterior pairs increasing progressively in length, the fourth pair
much longer than the third, and the fifth slightly longer than the
fourth ; basos of the fifth with a tooth on its posterior margin.
Posterior pleopoda short. Telson triangular, blunt.

Female. — Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos shorter than
the carpus, oval ; dactylos rudimentary.

Length 4| lines.

Sandy beaches, Port Jackson ; Kiama, New South "Wales ;
found among decaying sea-weed.

Genus Allorciiestes, Dana.

Superior antennae as long as the peduncle of the inferior, the
basal articulations imperfectly fused into the facial wall of the
cephalon. Olfactory spine rudimentary. Mandibles without
an appendage. Maxillipedes furnished with a pointed dactylos.
Both pairs of gnathopoda subcheliform. [S. £.]

AUSTKALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 221

402. Allorchestes G-amardii.

Amphithoe Gaimardii, Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., iii., p. 37.

Allorchestes Gaimardii, ? Dana, U.S. Explor. Exjied., Crust.,
ii., p. 884, pi. lx., fig. 1 ; Spence Bate, Cat. Amph., p. 41, pi. vi.,
fig. 9.

Eyes oval. Superior antenna? three-fourths as long as the
inferior. Inferior antenna? about half as long as the animal ;
the peduncle twice as long as the flagellum, one-half of which is
fused into one articulation, and resembles an extra articulation
attached to the peduncle. First pair of gnathopoda having the
propodos and carpus equally short and stout, the palm but
slightly receding and nearly one-third longer than the dactylos,
which is robust and curved ; it impinges at the apex against four
short, strong, small, blunt spines, which are situated laterally.
Second pair of gnathopoda having the propodos much longer
than the first ; it is ovate, long, and tapering towards the
extremity, the palm being two-thii'ds the length of the inferior
margin. [S. B.~]

Illawarra (Dana).

403. Allorchestes humilis.

Allorchestes humilis, Dana, IT. S. Explor. Exped., Crust., ii.,
p. 890, pi. lx., fig 6 ; Spence Bate, Cat. Amphip., p. 45, pi. vii.,
fig. 5.

Female. ? — Superior antennae a little shorter than the inferior,
flagellum six to eight- jointed. Inferior pair about one-third as
long as body ; flagellum nine to ten-jointed, joints a little oblong,
seta? all very short. Propodos of first pair of gnathopoda small,
oblong, a little smaller at base, oblique at apex. Propodos of
second pair of same form, and not twice as long, inferior margin
slightly emarginate ; palm oblique, ti'ansverse, hirsute ; dactylos
short. Last four feet nearly equal, fifth pair a little shorter ;
seta? few, very short ; first joint nearly orbicular ; posterior
margin slightly crenulate. Maxillipedes with the penult joint
narrow. [D.]

Port Jackson (Dana).

222 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

404. Allorchestes Australis.

Allorchestes Australis, Dana, TJ. S. Explor. Exped., Crust., ii.,
p. 892, pi. lx., fig. 7.

Superior antennae a little shorter than the inferior ; flagellum
longer than base ; about fourteen-] ointed, joints towards base
transverse. Inferior antennae less than half the body in length ;
flagellum rather longer than base, twelve to fourteen-jointed,
joints mostly oblong, setae nearly obsolete. Propodos of first
pair of gnathopoda quite small, but little oblong, much narrower
at base than at apex, nearly directly truncate at apex ; dactylos
not longer than breadth of propodos. Propodos of second pair
of gnathopoda large, subovate, palm compressed, posterior angle
with a few minute setae ; carpus produced into a narrow process
between the propodos and the fourth joint. Three posterior
pairs of pereipoda gradually increasing in length, third joint quite
broad, setae very short. [_D.]

Illawarra (Dana).

405. Allorchestes rupicola.

Allorchestes rupicola, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 250, pi. viii.,
fig. 1.

Eyes large, subreniform. Superior antennae as long as the
cephalon and two first segments of the pereion ; third segment
of the peduncle short ; flagellum longer than peduncle. Inferior
antennae as long as the cephalon and first three segments of the
pereion ; flagellum and peduncle subequal. Anterior gnathopoda
of moderate size, the carpus with a projecting ciliated process on
its inferior border ; the propodos ovoid ; palm oblique, convex,
defined by a blunt tooth. Posterior gnathopoda large ; the
propodos more than twice as long as that of the anterior pair,
ovate, its proximal border with a deep notch, its superior border
strongly convex, palm scarcely oblique, convex, armed with an
obscure tooth. Pereiopoda of the two anterior pairs subequal.
Three posterior pairs of pereiopoda increasing progressively in
length from before backwards. Posterior pleopoda short. Telson
nearly semicircular, divided. Length 4| lines.

Shallow rock-pools a little above high-water mark, Clark
Island, Port Jackson ; Botany Bay.

AUSTBALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 223

406. Allorchestes longicornis.

Allorcliestes longicornis, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 251, pi. vii.,
fig. 4.

Inferior antennae as long as the cephalon and the whole of the
pereion ; third segment of peduncle short ; fifth the longest .
flagellum more than twice as long as the peduncle. Superior
antenna? with the peduncle as long as the third and fourth seg-
ments of the peduncle of the inferior pair ; first and second joints
subequal ; third smaller ; flagellum twice as long as the peduncle.
Anterior gnathopoda with the carpus sub-triangular, having a
small hairy process on its ventral aspect ; the propodos equal in
length to the carpus, rather longer than broad, its dorsal border
nearly straight, its palmar border strongly convex ; palm oblique,
defined by a small tooth. Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos
twice as long as that of the anterior pair, heart-shaped, nearly
twice as long as broad ; palm nearly longitudinal, defined by a
sharp tooth. Third pair of pereiopoda much shorter than the
fourth and fifth. Length about 5 lines.

Kiama, New South "Wales, under large stones between tide
marks.

407. Allorchestes crassicornis.

Allorcliestes crassicornis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 252, pi. vii., fig. 5.

Inferior antenna? as long as the ceplmlon and first three seg-
ments of the pereion ; peduncle stout ; third segment much longer
than the others ; flagellum very stout, rather longer than the
peduncle. Superior antennas exceeding in length the first and
second segments of the peduncle of the inferior pair ; the
segments of the peduncle all of nearly equal length, the third
slightly shorter than the other two ; flagellum half as long again
as the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda with the carjms sub-
triangular, having a short hair-bordered process on its ventral
aspect ; the propodos oblong, twice as long as broad , palm
transverse, not defined. Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos
two-and-a-half times as long as that of the anterior pair ; palm
oblique, defined, armed with a row of short spines. Third pair

224 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

of pereiopoda shorter than the others ; fourth and fifth pairs
subequal. Length about 5 lines.

Kiama, New South Wales, between tide-marks.

408. Allorchestes niger.

Allorchestes niger, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 319.

Eyes round. Superior antennae nearly as long as the eephalon
and the first two segments of the pereion ; first joint of peduncle
short, about half the length of the eephalon ; second and third
shorter ; flagellum of nine articuli. Inferior antennas twice as
long as the superior pair ; flagellum much longer than peduncle,
the articuli nearly twice as broad as long at the proximal end,
becoming narrower and longer towards the extremity ; seta3 few
and short. Anterior guathopoda with a lamellar, hair-bordered
process on the carpus ; propodos ovoid, twice as long as broad,
palm short, oblique, with a defining spine. Posterior guathopoda
with the carpus small, triangular ; the propodos irregularly heart-
shaped with the palm oblique, defined by a triangular tooth, and
armed with a row of spines ; the dactylos with a small tooth at
its base on the inner side. Pereiopoda subequal, with a few
setae on the borders of the segments. Colour blackish purple or
brown. Length \ in.

Among sea-weed on Clark Island, Port Jackson.

Genus Aspidopiioreia, Haswell.

Coxae of the posterior gnathopoda and of the first and second
pairs of pereiopoda greatly expanded, deeper than the respective
segments, those of the three last pairs of pereiopoda small, that
of the third pair bilobed — the posterior lobe larger than the
anterior. Antennae simple ; the superior pair shorter than the
inferior. Mandibles without an appendage. Maxillipedes with
a pointed dactylos. Grnathopoda sub-chelate — the posterior pair
much larger than the anterior. Posterior pleopoda uniramous —
the ramus uniarticulate. Telson squamiform, cleft to the base.

This genus differs from Stcnotlioe, Dana, in having the ramus
of the last pair of pleopods uniarticulate ; in most of its characters
it approaches Allorchestes — being distinguished from that genus
only by the largely developed anterior coxae, and the character
of the telson.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 225

400. Aspidophoreia dimenensis. A.M.

Aspidophoreia dimenensis, Haswell, 1 c, Vol. v., pi. vi., fig. 2.

Superior antennae as long as the cephalon and the first segment
of the pereion, rather longer than the peduncle of the inferior pair ;
flagellum longer than the peduncle, of about twenty articuli. In-
ferior antennae with the peduncle stout, the fourth joint the largest ;
flagellum slightly shorter than the peduncle, of about twenty
articuli. Anterior gnathopoda with the carpus sub-triangular
in outline ; the propodos larger than the carpus, irregularly tri-
angular, palm transverse, deeply concave. Posterior gnathopoda
large ; propodos heart-shaped, palm oblique, armed with short
bristles. Basa of three posterior pairs of pereiopoda broad, that
of the fifth pair much expanded behind ; their anterior borders
serrate and armed with setae, the posterior border smooth.
Ramus of last pair of pleopoda short, conical, acute. Telson
consisting of two quadrangular scales, separated by a linear
fissure. Surface (in the spirit specimen) ornamented with
numerous, very minute, white dots, arranged in clusters of three
or four. Length f in.

Tasmania.

Family II GAMMARID^l.

Superior antennae well developed. Inferior antennae inserted
in a notch at the infero-anterior angle, and not fused with the
cephalon. Maxillipedes unguiculate. Coxae largely developed
and squamiform.

Sub-Family Stegocepilialides.
Superior and inferior antennae subequal. Coxae of the second
pair of gnathopoda and of the first and second pairs of pereiopoda
monstrously developed ; second pair broader than the preceding.
Pereiopoda subequal. Last three pairs of pleopoda styliform.
Telson single. [Sp. i?.]

Genus Montagua, Spence Bate.

Superior antennae as long as the inferior, and not furnished
with a secondary appendage. Mandibles not furnished with an
appendage. Maxillipedes pediform, unguiculate, and without,
or with only rudimentary squamiform plates. First pair of

226 ATTSTEALTAN MALACOSTEACA.

gnathopoda small, subchelate, the coxae not developed into a
squamiform plate. Second pair of gnathopoda larger than the
first, with the coxae very large, squamiform, deeper than the
body ; and produced anteriorly so as to cover the organs of the
mouth. Pereiopoda subequal ; coxae of the two anterior pairs
very largely developed, deeper than the body, and produced
posteriorly so as to cover that of the following pair of pereipoda.
Posterior pleopoda stylif orm, unibranched, the ramus biarticulate.
Telson simple and squamiform.

410. Montagua Miersii.

Montagw Miersii, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 323, pi. xxiv., fig. 4.

Coxae of the posterior gnathopoda and the two first pairs of
pereiopoda much deeper than their respective segments. Superior
and inferior antennae subequal in length, equal in length to the
cephalon and first three segments of the pereion ; the peduncles
stout, rather shorter than the flagella. Anterior gnathopoda
small, the propodos subquadrate, the palm nearly transverse.
Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos large, cordiform ; the
palm oblique, undefined. Pereiopoda subequal, rather stout.
Colour yellow with brown markings. Length about -?-0- in.

Port Jackson.

411. Montagua longicornis.

Montagua longicornis, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 323, pi. xxiv.,
fig. 5.

Coxae scarcely so deep as in the preceding species. Superior
antennae as long as the cephalon and pereion. Inferior antennae
a little shorter than the superior. Anterior gnathopoda with the
propodos very small, subquadrate, the palm nearly transverse.
Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos long-ovate ; palm
undefined ; fringed with long hairs. Length about -?0- in.

Port Jackson.

Genus Stegocephalus, Kroyer.

Cephalon short. Antenna? short ; superior pair furnished
with a secondary appendage. Mandibles without an appendage,
with a secondary plate only on the left mandible. Maxillipedcs
having the second and third joints produced into a squamiform

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 227

plate. G-nathopoda not subchelate. Coxa? o£ the gnathopoda
and the two anterior pairs of pereiopoda very large. The three
posterior pairs of pleopoda uniform. Telson squamiform, cleft.

412. Stegocephalus latus.

Stegocephalus latus, Haswell, 1. c., Vol. iii., p. 252, pi. viii., fig. 2.

Cephalon short, about half as long as first segment of pereion.
Pereion dilated. Pleon slightly compressed. Superior antenna?
as long as the cephalon and first segment of the pereion ; first
joint of peduncle compressed ; third joint longer than second;
flagellum as long as third joint of peduncle, composed of few
(seven or eight) articuli ; appendage very short. Inferior
antennae nearly as long as the superior ; flagellum very short,
of six articuli. G-nathopoda sub-pediform, similar ; anterior pair
with the basos much shorter than that of the posterior pair ;
both hairy, with the carpus and propodos of equal length, the
former sub-triangular, the latter narrow. Posterior pereipoda
with the meros produced and pointed at its postero-distal angle,
and the carpus rather short, with two teeth at its distal extremity.
Three posterior pairs of pleopoda stout ; the rami of all three
equal, short. Telson small, squamiform, slightly cleft.

Tasmania.

Genus Amaryllis, Haswell.

Superior antenna? with a well-developed appendage. Mandibles
with a palp. Maxilli pedes with well-developed squamiform plates.
Anterior gnathopoda sub-pediform. Posterior gnathopoda
imperfectly subchelate. Rami of the fourth and fifth pleopoda
styliform ; those ot sixth pair broad-lanceolate. Telson squami-
form, cleft.

413. Amaryllis macrophthalmus

Amaryllis macroplithahnus, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iii., p. 253,
pi. viii., fig. 3.

Eyes vertically elongated, sub-crescentic. Superior antenna?
.equal in length to the cephalon and first five segments of the
pereion ; first joint of the peduncle as long as the cephalon ;
second and third joints short ; flagellum longer than peduncle,
of about thirty segments ; appendage of seven segments. Inferior

228 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

antennae with the peduncle nearly equal in length to that of
superior pair ; flagellum longer than peduncle. Mandibles with
a three-jointed palp ; cutting edge produced at each end ; a
pointed tubercle on the outer border in front of the insertion of
the palp ; squamiform plate bordered with short spines. First
pair of maxillae having the two internal plates armed with a
number of compressed chitinous teeth, each furnished at its
extremity with a series of denticulations. Palp of maxillipedes
non-unguiculate. First pair of gnathopoda slender ; the carpus
and propodos narrow, the latter tapering towards its distal end.
Second pair rather stouter ; carpus cylindrical ; propodos long,
narrow, its lower border convex, its upper straight ; palm trans-
verse, dactylos short. Anterior pereipoda subequal. Meros,
carpus and propodos of posterior pereiopoda serrated. Kami of
fourth and fifth pairs of pleopoda styliform, slightly curved at
the extremity, the inner ramus of the fifth pair rather longer and
broader than the outer. Sixth pair of pleopoda a little shorter
than fifth ; the rami lanceolate, with smooth borders and slightly
curved at the tip. Telson squamiform, deeply cleft.

Tasmania (Macleay Museum.)

414. Amaryllis brevicornis. A.M.

Amaryllis brevicornis, Haswcll, 1. c, p. 254.

This species is nearly allied to the preceding, being distinguished
from it mainly by the greater shortness of the antenna?, which are
not longer than the cephalon and first three segments of the
pereion ; the flagellum of the superior pair containing only
eighteen articuli, and the appendage five.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens ; Griffiths' Point, Western Port.

Genus Neobule, Haswell.

Superior antenna^ simple. Mandibles without an appendage.
Maxillipedes with a squamiform process on the basos only.
Gnathopoda subchelate ; second pair the larger ; coxa? of anterior
pair well-developed. Fourth pair of coxa^ wide, excavated behind
to receive the anterior part of the fifth pair. Posterior pleopoda
biramous. Telson squamiform.

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 229

415. Neobule algicola.

Xcobide algicola, Haswcll, 1. c, p. 255, pi. viii., fig. 4.

Eyes round. Superior antennae as long as the cephalon and
first two segments of the pereion ; first segment of the peduncle
longer and stouter than the others ; third scarcely distinguishable
from the articuli of the flagellum ; flagellum rather longer than
peduncle. Inferior antennae equal in length to the superior
pair ; peduncle and flagellum subequal. Anterior gnathopoda
with the carpus sub-triangular; the propodos longer than the
carpus, oblong ; the palm transverse, concave. Posterior
gnathopoda with the propodos similar in shape to that of the
anterior pair, but larger. Third pair of pereiopoda shorter than
the fourth and fifth ; fifth pair longer than the fourth, its basos
broader than that of the preceding pairs. Rami of posterior
pleopoda extremely short. Telson small, entire.

Kiama, Illawarra.

Sub- Family Cyproidides.

Coxae of gnathopoda very small. Coxae of the first and second
pairs of pereiopoda very large. Coxae of the third and fourth
pereiopoda small.

Genus Ctpeoidia, Haswell.

Body broad. Pereion and pleon of equal length. Coxae of
gnathopoda very small. Coxae of the first and second pairs of
pereiopoda enormously developed ; and cemented together to
form broad and deep lateral shields, concealing almost entirely
the gnathopoda and pereiopoda, and extending forwards to the
sides of the cephalon, and backwards as far as the posterior
border of the sixth segment of the pereion, excavated posteriorly
for the shallow coxae of the third pereiopoda. Coxae of the last
two pairs of pereipoda very small.* Antennae subequal, superior
without an appendage. Mandibles with a palp. Maxillipedes
unguiculate ; both basos and ischium armed with small squami-
form plates. Gmathopoda subcheliform. Pereipoda slender.
Posterior pleopoda biramous. Telson single.

* The coxae of the third and fourth pereiopoda are not amalgamated, as
erroneously stated in the original description, but that of the fourth pair is
entirely rudimentary and covered by that of the third.

230 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

416. Cyproidia ornata. A.M.

Cyproidia ornata, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 320, pi. xviii. fig. 1.

Ceplialon with a slight rostral prolongation. Eyes round.
Superior antennae nearly as long as tlie ceplialon and the first two
segments of the pereion ; first segment of the peduncle stout, half
as long as the ceplialon ; second segment longer and narrower
than the first, ending distally in an upper, longer, and a lower,
shorter, blunt tooth ; third segment similar to the articuli of the
flagellum ; flagellum equal in length to the peduncle. Inferior
antenna? about equal in length to the superior pair, inserted
considerably behind the latter ; second joint of the peduncle the
longest ; flagellum shorter than the last segment of the peduncle,
of four or five articuli. Mandibles wdth a three-jointed palp ; the
incisive edge armed with eight conical teeth. Maxillipedes with
the dactylos long, pointed. Anterior gnathopoda having the
carpus triangular, its distal and inferior angle produced and
armed terminally with a few spines ; propodos ovoid, narrowed
distally, longer than the carpus, palm not defined ; dactylos
slender, acute, about two-thirds of the length of the propodos, its
inner border armed in about a half of its extent with fine denticles.
Posterior gnathopoda with the ischium, ineros, and carpus, each
produced distally and inferiorly ; ischium short, its process longer
than its body, gently curved, armed with one or two setae ; meros
a little longer than the ischium, its process very short, armed at
the extremity with a few setae ; carpus large, the infero-distal
process longer than the body, pointed and nearly straight, armed
internally with a row of setae ; propodos a little longer than the
process of the carpus, oblong, twice as long as broad ; dactylos
short, stout. Pereiopoda subequal, slender, the basa very narrow.
Three posterior pairs of pleopoda biramous, devoid of setae, the
rami styliform, slender, pointed and slightly curved. Telson
sub-conical, laterally compressed, subacute. Colour light pink,
with minute brown and red dots forming a lobed pattern on the
coxae. Length -go in.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

417. Cyproidia lineata. A-M-

Cyproidia lineata, Haswell, 1. c, p. 321, pi. xviii., fig. 2.
Body very convex. Lateral plates rather deeper than the

pereion ; the division between the two constituent coxae geniculate.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 231

Cephalon with a slight rostral prolongation. Posterior segments
of the plcon compressed. Eyes large, round, red. Superior
antenna) as long as the cephalon and the first three segments of
the pereion ; peduncle stout, the second segment produced
above into a strong tooth at the distal end ; flagellum longer than
the peduncle, tapering, of about seven articuli. Inferior antenna?
rather longer than the superior pair; peduncle and flagellum
subequal. Anterior gnathopoda with the propodos oblong, more
than twice as long as broad, the palm oblique, short, armed with
a few very short hairs. Posterior gnathopoda with the carpus
produced infero-distally into a prominent, distally-rounded process,
armed terminally with a few hairs ; propodos ovate, narrowed
distally, palm oblique, defined by the distal process of the carpus,
armed with a few short bristles. Pereiopoda subequal, slender.
Last three pairs of pleopoda successively decreasing in length
posteriorly ; rami short, pointed, unarmed. Telson very large,
laterally compressed, blade-like, nearly as long as the last pair
of pleopoda, the upper border convex, the lower nearly straight.
Ornamented with numerous brown dots disposed in lines on the
lateral shields and the body. Length about -iV in.

Port Jackson.

Sub-Family Li/sianassides.

Superior antenna; usually very short, thick at the base, and
suddenly tapering. Coxaa of the four anterior pairs of appen-
dages very deep, the fourth not broader than the preceding.

Grenus Ltsiafassa, Milne-Edwards.

Superior antennae pyriform, very short, stouter than tho
inferior, and furnished with a secondary appendage. Mandibles
having an appendage ; the incisive edge not furnished with teeth ;
armed upon the anterior margin with a stout tubercle ; secondary
or movable plate wanting. Maxillipedes with lai'ge squamiform
processes attached to the third and fourth joints. First pair of
gnathopoda not subchelate ; second pair subchelate, imperfectly
developed, long and membranous. Ischium and carpus long.
Dactylos rudimentary. Coxa) of the gnathopoda and the two
anterior pairs of pereiopoda deeper than their respective seg-
ments ; those of the second pair of pereiopoda produced inf eriorly

232 ATTSTKALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

and posteriorly. Coxae of the fourth pair much shorter than the
third. Pereiopoda subequal. Posterior pair of pleopoda double-
branched. Telson single, squamiform, entire.

418. Lysianassa nitens. Plate iv., fig. 1.

Lysianassa nitens, Haswell, 1. c, p. 255, pi. viii., fig. 5.

Eyes rather small. Superior antenna? short, equalling in
length the cephalon and the first segment of the pereion ;
flagellum about half as long as the peduncle, of ten articuli ;
appendage of six articuli. Inferior antennae subequal with
superior pair ; peduncle stout, sub-cylindrical, not compressed ;
flagellum rather longer than the peduncle. Anterior gnatho-
poda stout, pedif orm. Posterior gnathopoda much more slender
than the anterior pair ; propodos nearly twice as long as broad ;
palm transverse, excavated ; dactylos short. Pereiopoda sub-
equal, short and rather stout. Rami of posterior pleopoda
lanceolate, both bordered with hairs on one margin. Telson
simple. Colour pearly white. Length 3 lines.

Port Jackson. Common among sea-weed, etc., in the sub-
littoral zone.

This species is allied to L. Krdyeri, but has the carpus and
propodos of the second gnathopoda broader.

419. Lysianassa afflnis. Plate iv., fig. 2.

Lysianassa affinis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 255.

Nearly allied to the preceding ; distinguished from it by the
length of the inferior antennae which are longer than the body,
and by having the eyes very large, meeting above.

Port Jackson.

420. Lysianassa australiensis. "

Lysianassa australiensis, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 323, pi. xviii.,
fig. 3.

Resembles L. nitens, mihi, but has the eyes smaller, and the
propodos of the posterior gnathopoda narrower, with the dactylos
rudimentary.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 233

421. Lysianassa Kroyeri.

Ephippiplwm Kroyeri, "White, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (2),
Vol. i., p. 226 (1848), and Zool. " Erebus and Terror," pi. v.

Lysianassa Kroyeri, Sp. Bate, Cat. Amphip., p. 65, pi. x., fig. 4 ;
G-. M. Thomson, Trans. N. Z. Inst., Vol. xi., p. 237 (1879).

Animal not much compressed, smoothly arcuate ; a dorsal
spine in the fourth segment of the pleon. Eyes reniform.
Superior antennae having the first joint of the peduncle reaching
scarcely beyond the ocular process of the cephalon, the second
and third joints very short ; the flagellum not longer than the
peduncle. Inferior antennae three times as long as the superior,
the peduncle not extending beyond the peduncle of the superior
pair. First pair of gnathopoda having the propodos nearly three
times as long as the carpus, and armed on the under side with a
strong curved spine near the base of the dactylos. Second pair
of gnathopoda having the propodos a little shorter than the
carpus, and both inferiorly covered with minute denticles ; the
propodos furnished upon the superior margin with tufts of long
hair ; serrated on both margins, palm short, inferior angle pro-
duced into a tubercle ; dactylos not so long as the palm. Coxae
of the second pair of pereiopoda having the lower half of the
posterior margin greatly produced. Posterior pair of pleopoda
having the rami much longer than the basal articulation. [S. B.~\

Tasmania. Pound also in New Zealand.

G-enus G-lyceeina,* Haswell.

Superior antenna? slender, rather long, provided with an
appendage. Mandibles with a palp, the incisive edge not toothed ;
no accessory plate ; anterior margin with a prominent tubercle.
Maxillipedes with large squamiform processes on the basal joints.
Eour anterior pairs of coxae deeper than their respective segments ;
the fourth pair slightly produced inferiorly and posteriorly.
G-nathopoda filiform, slender ; anterior pair smaller than the
posterior, imperfectly subchelate ; posterior pair subchelate.
Posterior pleopoda biramous ; the rami broad-lanceolate. Telson
double.

* Altered from Olycera.

234 AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

422. G-lycerina tenuicornis. Plate iv., fig. 3. A.M.

Glycera tenuicornis, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iii., p. 257, pi. viii.,
fig. 6.

Eyes long-oval, nearly meeting above. Superior antennae as
long as the ceplialon and first three segments of the pereion, first
joint of peduncle very stout, longer than the others, second and
third joints very short ; flagellum longer than peduncle, slender ;
appendage nine- jointed. Inferior antenna? longer than the
superior pair ; peduncle subequal with that of the latter ; flagellum
thrice as long as the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda long,
filiform ; basos narrow, compressed ; ischium, meros and carpus
all sub-cylindrical and slender ; propodos about one-third of the
length of the carpus, irregularly ovoid, narrowed distally, its
ventral border armed with curved seta?. Posterior gnathopoda
elongated, slender, but stouter than the anterior pair ; propodos
nearly twice as long as carpus, sub-quadrate, nearly as broad as
long, the palm concave, the ventral and distal angle prominent,
acute. Third pair of pereiopoda much shorter than the rest ;
the basos circular, serrated posteriorly. Basos of following pairs
oval, non-serrated ; meros, carpus, and propodos hairy. Fourth
and fifth pairs of pleopoda with the rami slender, stylif orm ; rami
of the last pair broad-lanceolate, acute. Lateral halves of the
telson broad-lanceolate, pointed.

Howich Group, N. E. Australia ; Port Jackson.

Sal-Family Ampeliscades.

Cephalon produced anteriorly, cone-shaped, the superior
antenna?, being placed at the apex. No compound eyes, but four
small simple organs of vision. Gnathopoda more or less sub-
chelate, not powerful. Coxa) deep, as also those of the first two
pairs of pereipoda. \_S. I>\]

Genus Ampelisca, Kroyer.

Cephalon tapering anteriorly. Eyes four, minute, simple,
situated near the anterior extremity of the cephalon. Superior
antenna) simple, attached to the extremity of the cephalon.
Inferior antenna) arising very far posterior to the base of the
superior. Mandibles furnished with an appendage. Gnathopoda

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 235

imperfectly subchelate, First and second pairs of pereiopoda
terminating in a styliform dactylos longer than the propodos ;
third and fourth pairs terminating in a short curved dactylos
directed posteriorly. Three posterior pairs of pleopoda biramous.
Telson squamiform, cleft. [S. B.}

423. Ampelisca Australis.

Ampellsca Australis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 257, Vol. iii., pi. viii., fig. 3.

Superior antennas as long as the cephalon and the first segment
of the pereion ; first joint of peduncle short, stout ; second
longer and narrower ; third not distinguishable from the articuli
of the flagellum ; ilagellum slender, composed of elongated
articuli. Inferior antennas about twice as long as the superior ;
third segment of the peduncle short, stout; fourth narrow and
elongated (as long as the cephalon) ; fifth rather shorter than
fourth ; flagellum equal in length to the first two segments of
the peduncle, of about ten slender articuli. Maxillipedes with
the dactylos stout, as long as the propodos ; the plate of the
ischium furnished along its inner margin with a series of eight
short, broad, compressed spines, succeeded towards the apex by
long and slender spines. Gnathopoda non-subchelate ; the
anterior pair with the meros, carpus and propodos of nearly
equal length, narrow, furnished with long simple hairs ; posterior
pair similar, but shorter and slightly stouter ; dactylos two-
thirds of the length of the propodos. Two anterior pairs of
pereiopoda with the carpus very short, about one-fifth of the
length of the meros ; the propodos nearly twice as long as the
carpus, narrower ; the dactylos as long as the carpus and
propodos, nearly straight. Posterior pereiopoda with the dactylos
very small, directed backwards ; meros of the third and fourth
pairs shorter than the carpus ; carpus and propodos subequal,
fringed with long hairs ; basos of last pair narrower than that
of third and fourth, its posterior edge with a blunt projection,
armed with long bristles ; the meros very short and broad ; the
carpus longer than the meros and slightly narrower ; the propodos
shorter than the carpus, narrowed towards the dactylos, which is
long, slender and slightly curved. Sixth pair of pleopoda longsr
than the fifth pair, with the rami broad-lanceolate, the outer
armed on one border, and the inner on both with slender setse,

236 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

the longest of winch are about halt' the length of the ramus.
Telson squamiform, cleft, rounded posteriorly. Length -li- lines.

Port Jackson.

Sub- Family Phoxules.

Body laterally compressed. Cephalon produced in advance
more like a hood than a rostrum. Superior antenna? situated
considerably in advance of the inferior, which are not pediform
nor armed with hooked spines. Integumentary structure
generally thin and transparent. Three posterior pairs of
pleopoda double-branched, the last pair without hook-like spines.

Grenus Puoxus, Kroyer.

Eyes very small. Superior antennae with a complementary
appendage ; inferior antennae as long as the superior. Mandible
appendiculate. Maxillipedes subpediform. Both pairs of
gnathopoda subchelate. Coxae deeper than the respective
segments. Posterior pair of pereiopoda shorter than the
preceding. Telson double. [S. _B.]

424. Phoxus villosus.

Phoxus villosus, Haswell, 1. c, p. 258.

Rostrum as long as the remainder of the cephalon, blunt.
Eyes small, oval. Superior antennae equalling in length the
cephalon and rostrum ; first segment of the peduncle twice as
long as broad, second scarcely two-thirds of the length of the first
and much narrower, provided below with a fasciculus of short
hairs ; third joint half the length of the second, scarcely dis-
tinguished from the articuli of the fiagellum ; fiagellum nearly
as long as the peduncle ; appendage nearly as long as the
fiagellum, of about fifteen articuli. Inferior antennae rather
longer than the superior pair ; fourth joint of peduncle broad,
its upper surface straight, its lower convex and provided with
two ridges armed with longish hairs ; fifth joint as long as the
fourth and of similar shape, but narrower, armed with hair
below ; fiagellum as long as the last two segments of peduncle.
Coxae fringed with slender hairs. Grnathopoda hairy. Anterior
pair with the propodos ovoid, twice as long as broad ; the palm

ATTSTEALTAN MALACOSTEACA. 237

oblique, defined by a strong tooth. Posterior pair with the
propodos similar to that of the anterior, but rather broader,
with the palm slightly less inclined to the long axis of the
propodos, and the defining tooth larger. Two anterior pairs of
pereiopoda subequal, hairy, their meros and carpus broad. Three
posterior pairs serrated and hairy , fourth pair much longer than
the others, longer than the pereion ; basa of third and fourth
pairs armed much longer than broad ; fifth pair very small, the
basos dilated posteriorly, broader than long, its posterior margin
armed with fine serrations. Rami of sixth pleopoda broad-
lanceolate ; outer longer and broader than inner, serrated ; inner
smooth ; both armed with seta?. Telsou with the halves broad,
compressed, truncate, bordered with a few hairs. Length 7 lines.

Port Jackson.

425. Phoxus Batei.

Phoxus Batei, Haswell, 1. c, p. 259, pi. ix., fig. 3.

Rostrum. as long as the rest of the cephalon, straight, obtuse.
Eyes distinct, long-oval. Superior antennae with the peduncle
extending^ beyond the extremity of the rostrum ; first joint of
the peduncle nearly as broad as long ; second as long as the first,
but of only about half the breadth ; third joint about one-fourth
of the length of the first ; flagellum longer than the last two
segments of the peduncle ; appendage two-thirds of the length
of the flagellum, consisting of about six articuli. Inferior
antenna? rather longer than the superior ; the penultimate joint
of the peduncle broad, its superior border straight and smooth,
its inferior border convex, serrate and hairy ; last joint shorter
and narrower than the penultimate, serrate, armed with hairs
and with two slender spines ; flagellum as long as the two last
segments of the peduncle. Coxa? bordered with a few hairs.
Gnathopoda similar, subequal ; propodos twice as long as broad ;
palm very oblique, defined by an acute tooth. Two anterior
pairs of pereiopoda subequal, stout. Fourth pair of pereiopoda
longer than the third ; fifth pair shorter, with the basos very
broad, but scarcely so broad as long, serrate on its posterior
border. Pourth and fifth pairs of pleopoda armed with short
acute spines. Sixth pair with the rami unequal ; the outer
broad-lanceolate, truncate, serrate, bordered with hairs ; the inner

238 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

about half as long as the outer, narrower, armed with long hairs.
Halves of the telson slender. Length 4i lines.

Port Jackson.

G-enus iEDiCERFS, Kroyer.

Cephalon produced anteriorly into a rostrum more or less
acute than obtuse, but always transparent, turgid, yellowish red,
oval. Eyes none. ? Peduncles of the antenna? long, equalling
or surpassing in length the flagellum of the superior. Superior
antenna? not appendiculated. Both pairs of gnathopoda sub-
chelate, very large. First two pairs of pereiopoda strong, fifth
pair very long, slight, almost filiform (except the basos). Coxa?
moderately large, broad, and deep, armed upon the inferior
margins with simple hairs. Posterior margin of the fourth pair
not excavated. (K. fide S. B.)

426. CEdicerus fossor.

(Edicerus fossor, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1S55 ;
Spence Bate, Cat. Amphip., p. 373.

Body rounded above. Pleon with the third and fourth
segments compressed and raised above into a sharp crest. Eyes
black, round, and small. Antenna? subequal, with stout flagella
forming half their length ; each flagellum consisting of about
eighteen ai-ticuli and having a serrated appearance from the
produced spine-like inferior angle of each articulus. Gnathopoda
subequal ; propoda rather broadly ovate, dactyla about one-half
as long as propoda. First and second pairs of pereiopoda having
the propoda subovate or paddle-shaped, with the rounded
extremity covered with hairs ; dactyla about one-half as long as
propoda. First and second pairs of pereiopoda having the
propoda subovate or paddle-shaped, with the rounded extremity
covered with hairs; dactyla obsolete ;• third and fourth pairs
very short, with compressed, clavate, or cutlass-shaped dactyla.
Coxa? of the third pair of pereiopoda very large, square. Three
posterior pairs of pleopoda biramous, very hairy on their inner
edges. Colour white, with a few blackish spots. [S.~\

Botany Bay (Stimpson).

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 239

427. CEdicerus latrans.

(Edicerus latrans, Haswell, 1. c, p. 321, pi. xix., fig. 1.

Rostrum curved downwards, acute. Eyes oval, very large.
Antenna; subequal, as long as the cephalon and first two
segments of the pereion Superior pair with the peduncle short,
stout, the first segment much larger than the other two ;
flagellum more than twice as long as the peduncle. Inferior
pair with the peduncle stout, the third, fourth and fifth segments
subequal, short ; flagellum more than twice as long as the
peduncle. Maxillipedes with fairly large squamiform plates and
a stout dactylos. Gnathopoda subequal, rather large ; propodos
ovoid, narrowed slightly distally — that of the second pair rather
larger than that of the first ; dactylos about half the length of
the propodos. Two anterior pairs of pereiopoda subequal, sub-
foliaceous, armed with a few long hairs ; dactylos absent. Third
pair similar to the first and second, but with the coxa? narrower
and hardly so deep. Fifth pair very much longer than the others ;
the base ovate ; all the other segments narrow and elongate,
boixlered witli short hairs. Posterior pleopoda foliaceous,
pointed, bordered with long hairs. Telson squamiform, slightly
cleft.

Bondi, New South "Wales.

428. CEdicerus arenicola. A.M.

(Edicerus arenicola, Haswell, 1. c, p. 325, pi. xxiv., fig. 3.

Cephalon slightly produced. Third and fourth segments of

the pleon with an obscure longitudinal ridge in the middle dorsal

line. Eyes rather small, round. Superior antenna? as long as

the cephalon and the first four segments of the pereion ;

peduncle stout ; flagellum subequal with the peduncle, of fifteen

articuli. Inferior antenna? about equalling the superior in

length ; flagellum and peduncle subequal, the former composed of

fourteen articuli. Gnathopoda subequal, hairy, larger in the male

than in the female, the carpus in both pairs subtriangular,

produced at its inferior and distal angle, rather larger in the

posterior pair ; propodos ovate, dactylos rather more than half

as long as the propodos ; palm not defined. Two first pairs of

240 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

pereiopoda foliaceous, dactylos absent ; third and fourth pairs
subequal, similar to the first and second, but with the basos
broader, and with a very small, conical dactylos ; fifth pair very
long, the distal segments slender, armed with a few short seta?.
Posterior pleopoda having the rami narrow, ovate, bordered
internally towards the apex with slender hairs. Length W in,

Shark Island, Port Jackson. Perhaps identical with (E./osor.

Genus Urottioe Dana.

Eyes two, lateral. Coxae very large ; fifth pair very small.
Onathopoda slender, subchelate. Superior antennas appendicu-
late. Maxillipedes having the propodos long, and dilated
anteriorly ; carpus dilated internally and anteriorly, the lamella?
of the ischium small, of the basos rudimentary. Posterior pair
of pleopoda two-branched, very long ; branches foliaceous.
Telson double.

429. Urothoe pinguis.

Vrotlioe pinguis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 325, pi. six., fig. 2.

Body very thick. Eyes small, reniform. Superior antenna?
as long as the cephalon and first segment of the pereion ; peduncle
very stout, first segment the largest, third very small ; flagellum as
long as the peduncle, of fifteen articuli ; appendage two-thirds of
the length of the flagellum, composed of ten articuli. Inferior
antenna? longer than the superior pair ; peduncle very thick,
fourth joint the largest, fifth about two-thirds of the length of
the fourth and more slender, both fringed below with long hairs ;
flagellum as long as the two last segments of the peduncle.
Mandibles with a broad foliaceous palp. Maxillipedes with a
strong dactylos and with small, spine-fringed, squamiform plates
on both basos and ischium. Gnathopoda large ; anterior pair
with the carpus three-fourths of the length of the propodos ; the
propodos ovoid, swollen; the palm not defined ; the dactylos half
as long as the propodos ; posterior pair larger than the anterior,
carpus small, subtriangular ; propodos ovate, palm defined by a
prominent angle ; dactylos rather more than half as long as the
propodos. Eirst two pairs of pereiopoda subequal, sub-foliaceous,
the basos about thrice as long as broad, the meros ovate, hairy ;

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 241

the carpus broad, with a slight angular projection on its posterior
border, to which are attached a number of long hairs ; propodos
nearly equal in length to the carpus, narrow ; dactylos small.
Third pair with its coxa extending forward nearly to the anterior
boundary of the fourth segment ; basos broader at its distal than
at its proximal end ; meros produced posteriorly, broader than
long, armed behind with five large, triangular teeth ; carpus as
long as the meros, but narrower, armed behind with four triangular
teeth ; propodos rather louger than the carpus, about half as
broad ; dactylos almost straight, acute ; all the segments except
the first and last fringed with long hairs. Fourth pair longer
than the third, hairy ; basos broadly ovate ; meros very large,
twice as broad as long, with seven teeth on its posterior border ;
carpus as long as the merus,not quite so broad, narrowing distally ;
propodos long, narrow. Fifth pair much smaller than the other ;
basos expanded posteriorly, the posterior border finely serrated ;
meros and carpus sub-equal, not expanded ; propodos equal in
length to the carpus, but narrower ; dactylos straight, acute.
Rami of posterior pleopoda lanceolate, serrated on the edges.
Halves of telson ovate, armed with a few hairs on the outer side
and a terminal spine. Length f in.
Bondi, New South Wales.

Genus Lphimedia, Rathke.

Cephalon produced and anteriorly depressed. Pereion dis-
tended. Pleon compressed. Eyes two. Antenna? simple, sub-
equal. Oral appendages projecting anteriorly. Mandibles having
an appendage. Maxillipedes not unguiculate. First pair of gnatho-
poda feeble, having the dactylos rudimentary, subapical ; second
also feeble, subchelate. Coxae gradually increasing in depth to
the second pair of pereiopoda, which, together with the preceding,
are produced inferiorly to an angle. Coxa? of the third pair of
pereiopoda not half as deep as the second. Pereiopoda having
the dactylos strong and curved. Posterior pair of pleopoda
biramous, clean. Telson single, squamiform, emarginate.

430. Iphimedia ? ambigua. A.M.

Ipliimedia ambigua, Haswell, 1. c, p. 327, pi. xxiv., fig. 2.

Cephalon with a long, pointed rostrum. First segment of the
pereion broad ; the second to the sixth, inclusive, very narrow,

P

242 AUSTBALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

the seventh and the first three segments of the pleon very wide ;
the seventh segment of the pereion and the first three segments
of the pleon each armed with an acute spine on each side near
the middle dorsal line, and another at the postero-lateral angle ;
third segment armed in addition with an acute, curved spine,
situated between the lateral angle and the dorsal spine. Coxa;
of the gnathopoda and the two anterior pairs of pereiopoda deep,
that of the second pair of pereiopoda excavated behind for that
of the third pair, the latter, together with the two following pairs,
with a spine-like posterior angle. Antennae subequal, the inferior
pair rather longer than the superior. Anterior gnathopoda
slender, filiform. Posterior gnathopoda slender, subchelate.
Basos of the third pair of pereiopoda armed on the posterior
border with an acute spine near the proximal end ; basos of the
fourth pair with two short spines, that of the fifth pair with the
posterior border serrate and armed with an acute spine near its
distal extremity. Last pair of pleopoda biramous, the inner
ramus longer than the outer, bi-articulate. Telson scale-like,
entire. Colour red with brown dots. Length t/V in.

Port Jackson (dredged).

Sub- Fam ily Gam ma rides.

Usually laterally compressed. Eyes two, compound, situated
upon a protuberance between the superior and inferior pairs of
antennae. Antenna) situated one above the other. Superior
antenna) long, slender and filamentous. Inferior antenna) sub-
equal with the superior. First pair of gnathopoda more or less
subchelate ; second also, and generally well developed. The
posterior pleopoda never furnished with hooks. Telson squami-
form or tubular. \_S. B.]

Genus Attlus, Leach.

Animal compressed. Antenna? subequal ; superior without a
secondary appendage. Maxillipedes uuguieulate, having a
squamiform plate developed from the basos and ischium.
Gnathopoda subchelate. Pereiopoda subequal. Posterior pleo-
poda biramous. Telson single, squamiform, divided. [S. B.~]

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 243

431. Atylus monoculoides. A.M.

Atylus monoculoides, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 327, pi. xviii.,
fig. 4.

Eyes very large, nearly meeting above. Superior antennae as
long as the cephalon and first six segments of the pereion ; first
segment of the peduncle rather shorter than the cephalon, stout ;
second narrower and shorter, third scarcely distinguishable from
the articuli of the flagellum ; flagellum nearly twice as long as
the peduncle ; articuli broader than long at the proximal end,
longer than broad distally, each armed with fasciculi of setae both
above and below, every second articulus slightly expanded at its
infero-distal angle and tipped with auditory cilia. Inferior
antenna? rather shorter than the superior pair ; third joint of
peduncle short, very stout, fourth and fifth subequal, the latter
rather narrower than the former ; fla°:ellutn as lone: as the last
two segments of the peduncle ; articuli very much broader than
long at the proximal end, becoming longer than broad towards
the extremity. Maxillipedes with a well-developed squamiform
plate on the ischium and a smaller one on the basos. Gnathopoda
equal, similar, the propodos ovoid, narrower distally than
proximally, the palm not defined. Pereiopoda short and stout,
bordered with fine setae, the two last pairs rather longer than the
third. Last three pairs of pleopoda with slender, acute, styliform
rami, armed with a few fine setae and slightly curved at the apex.
Telson triangular, blunt, cleft in rather more than half its length.
Colour light olive with a few red spots on the antennae ; eyes
blue-black. Length ■} in.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

432. Atylus lippus.

Atylus lippus, Haswell, 1. c, p. 328, pi. xx., fig. 1.

Eyes roundish, the pigment scattered. Superior antennae as
long as the cephalon and first five segments of the pereion ;
segments of the peduncle short and stout, the first' the largest,
the third very small, scarcely distinguishable from the articuli of
the flagellum ; flagellum twice as long as the peduncle ; the
articuli longer than broad, each armed both above and below
at the distal end with a few setae, every fourth dilated inferiorly
and distally, and crowned with stout cilia. Inferior antennae

244 AUSTRALIAN" MALACOSTRACA.

longer than the superior pair ; flagellum more than twice as
long as the peduncle; the segments short, broader than long,
ornamented at the distal end with a fasciculus of curved seta3
both above and below. Gnathopoda subequal, bordered with a
fringe of short hairs on the meros, carpus and propodos; pro-
podos ovate ; palm undefined. Kami of posterior pleopoda
foliaceous, serrated on the borders, the serrations armed each
with one or two short seta?. Telson triangular, truncate, cleft
in rather more than half its length. Length J in.
Port Jackson.

433. Atylus microdeuteropus. A.M.

Atylus microdeuteropus, Has well, 1. c, Vol. v., p. 102, pi. vi.,
fig. 3.

Eyes oval, large, but separated by a broad space above.
Superior antenna? rather longer than the cephalon and first three
segments of the pereion, the flagellum nearly twice as long as
the peduncle, its articuli armed distally with short hairs above
and below — every third or fourth having its distal and inferior
angle dilated and crowned with auditory cilia. Inferior antenna)
about half the length of the animal, the flagellum more than
twice as long as the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda with the
propodos ovate, the palm oblique, with three short spines near its
proximal end ; a strong appressed spine on the propodos over the
insertion of the dactylos ; dactylos toothed internally. Posterior
gnathopoda rather smaller than the anterior pair, propodos ovate,
armed with three stout spines near the distal extremity of the
palm; palm oblique ; dactylos toothed internally. Rami of the
last pair of pleopoda armed laterally with a few short seta? in
the axil of each of which is situated a delicate hair. Length
nearly \ in.

Port Jackson ; Botany Bay.

434. Atylus niegalophthalmus. A M.

Atylus meyalopJ/tJinliiius, Haswell, 1. c, p. 102, pi. vi., fig. 4.

Eyes very large. Superior antenna? as long as the cephalon
and pereion ; flagellum twice as long as the peduncle, every
second articulus very slightly dilated at its inferior and distal
angle. Inferior antenna? longer than the superior pair, the
flagellum about three times as long as the peduncle. Gnathopoda

ATT ST KALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 245

subequal — the posterior pair slightly smaller than the anterior ;
propodos ovate, armed with a few plumose seta?, palm oblique,
undefined. Last pair of pleopods with the rami armed along
their edges with numerous serrations, each with a short seta in
the axil of which is inserted a delicate hair. Length about ^ in.
Port Jackson.

435. Atylus austrinus.

Atylus austrinus, Spence Bate, Cat. Ainphip., p. 137, pi. xxvi.,
fig. 4.

Dorsal surface not denticulated. Eyes oval. Superior antenna?
half as long as the animal ; peduncle one-third of the length of
the flagellum ; articuli of the flagellum broader than long, each
carrying distally, above and below, short seta?. Inferior antennae
a little more than half as long as the superior; peduncle as long
as the peduncle of the superior. Gnathopoda slender ; propoda
scarcely broader than carpi. First pair having the propodos
ovate ; palm not oblique, convex, fringed with short fine cilia,
with two rows of short sharp spiues, one near the inferior angle,
the second a little posterior. Second pair having the propodos
long-ovate ; palm oblique ; inferior angle defined imperfectly by
a lateral row of short spines. Three posterior pairs of pereio-"
poda having the dactylos in each directed anteriorly. Posterior
pair of pleopoda naked, and considerably longer than the two
preceding pairs. Telson long, cleft for about two-thirds of its
length. [<& 2?.]

Sydney (Antarctic Expedition).

Genus Piiekusa, Leach.
Differs from Atylus in having the telson entire, not cleft.

436. Pherusa lsevis.

Plierusa Icevis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 260, pi. ix., fig. 4.

Eyes round. Superior antenna? equal in length to the cephalon
and first six segments of the pereion ; first two segments of the
peduncle subequal ; third scarcely half the length of the second ;
flagellum much longer than the peduncle. Inferior antenna?
longer than the superior pair ; fourth segment of the peduncle
the longest ; flagellum nearly twice as long as the peduncle.
Anterior gnathopoda with the carpus and propodos subequal,

246 AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

their ventral border armed with serrations beset with fasciculi
of fine hairs ; propodos rather longer than broad, palm transverse,
not defined. Posterior gnathopoda with the carpus triangular,
as long as the propodos, which is oblong, more than twice as
long as broad, twice as long as the propodos of the anterior pair,
with the palm oblique, undefined ; both carpus and propodos
bordered ventrally with a row of hair-bearing serrations. Third
pair of pereiopoda rather shorter than the fourth and fifth, all
three bordered with setae. Rami of posterior pleopoda stylif orm.
Telson triangular, pointed. Length 4^ lines.

Kiama.
437. Pheruea Australis.

Pherusa Australis, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. v., p. 103, pi. vii., fig. 1.

Six anterior segments narrow ; the four following broad.
Cephalon with a small rostrum. Superior antennae nearly as
long as the cephalon and pereion ; first two joints of the
peduncle stout ; third small, scarcely distinguishable from the
articuli of the flagellum ; flagellum slender, about twice as long
as the peduncle. Inferior antennae slightly longer than the
superior pair ; flagellum scarcely twice as long as the peduncle.
Anterior gnathopoda with the propodos ovate, the palm oblique,
undefined, armed with short setae. Posterior gnathopoda larger
than the anterior pair, the propodos ovate, dilated proximally
armed with a few short setae and hairs towards the palmar
border ; palm oblique, undefined. Fifth pair of pereiopoda
much longer than the preceding pairs ; the dactylos elongate,
slender, straight. Last pair of pleopoda with the rami lanceo-
late, acute, each armed on the inner border with three setae.
Length \ in.

Botany Bay.

Genus Eusieus, Kroyer.

Cephalon not rostrated. Pereion and pleon compressed, much
resembling Atylus. Superior antennae long and slender, having
a secondary appendage ; inferior antennae having the peduncle
longer than the peduncle of the superior. Mandibles having an
appendage. Maxillipedes unguiculate, having a small squamous
plate to the coxae, basos and ischium. Gnathopoda uniform,
each having the propodos large, with the postero-inferior margin
posteriorly produced ; carpus attached to the propodos near the
centre of its superior margin ; infero-anterior margin produced

ATJSTKALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 247

along the inferior margin of the propodos. Pereiopoda slender,
subequal. Posterior pair of pleopoda biramous. Telson long,
narrow, cleft at the apex. [*S'.Z?.]

438. Eusirus dubius.

Eusirus dubius, Haswell, 1. c., Vol. iv., p. 331, pi. xx., fig. 3.

Last segment of the pereion with a median posterior spine.
First two segments of the pleon each with five spmes ; fourth
and fifth segments strongly keeled, the keel ending behind in an
acute tooth. Eyes round. Superior antennse equalling in length
the cephalon and first three segments of the pereion ; first
segment of the peduncle compressed from above downwards,
nearly as long as the cephalon ; second much shorter ; third
scarcely distinguishable from the articuli of the flagellum.
Plagellum longer than the peduncle, with a well-developed
secondary appendage. Inferior antennae half as long as the
body; the peduncle longer than the superior pair; third segment
very short ; the others long, the fifth rather longer than the
fourth ; flagellum slightly longer than the last segment of the
peduncle. Maxillipedes with a strong pointed dactylos, devoid
of squamiform plates. Anterior gnathopoda with the carpus
closely applied to the propodos, having a palmar process armed
with a bunch of hairs ; propodos ovate, longer than the cephalon.
Posterior gnathopoda larger than the anterior pair, the carpus
and propodos of a similar form ; the latter longer than the
cephalon and first segment of the pereion. Pereiopoda very
long, the two anterior pairs slender, the others broad, with the
basa long, serrated behind. Posterior pleopoda slightly shorter
than the fifth pair, the rami broad-lanceolate, serrated. Telson
as long as the protopodite of the posterior pleopoda, deeply
cleft ; the halves compressed, ending each in two acute spines,
of which the outer is much more prominent than the inner.
Length about ^ in.

Tasmania. (Macleay Museum.)

This species probably approximates near enough to E. cuspidatus
and E. Hclcetice to be placed in the same genus ; although the
form of the maxillipedes appears to be rather different.

Genus Leucothoe, Leach.
Body long, compressed. Antennae simple, subequal. Maxilli-
pedes subpediform, unguiculate. Mandibles having an appendage.

248 AUSTRALIAN MALA.COSTRACA.

Four anterior pairs of coxa? as deep as their respective segments.
First pair of gnathopoda having the carpus inferiorly produced
to half the length of the propodos ; propodos ovate, dactylos
long. Pereipoda subequal, slender. Posterior pair of pleopoda
having two long lanceolate rami. Telson single, squamiform.

439. Leucothoe commensalis. A.M-

Leucothoe commensalis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 2G1, pi. x., fig. 3.

Body large and thick. Cox® of the second pereiopoda deeper
than the rest. Eyes ovoid, black. Superior antenna? nearly as
long as the cephalon and first three segments of the pereion,
one-fourth longer than the inferior pair ; first segment of the
peduncle very stout, occupying about one-third of the total
length ; second rather narrower and slightly longer than the
first ; third short ; flagelluin as long as the second segment of
the peduncle. Peduncle of inferior antenna? equal in length to
the two first segments of the peduncle of the superior pair ;
flagellum very short. Maxillipedes stout, pediform. Anterior
gnathopoda rather shorter than the posterior ; proximal part of
carpus dilated, irregularly heart-shaped ; distal prolongation
slender, uniform in thickness to near the end, where it tapers to
a fine incurved point ; propodos about three times as broad as
the distal process of the carpus, which it equals in length,
slightly narrowed distally, armed internally with a row of about
fifteen short hairs ; dactylos fully one-third of the length of the
propodos. Posterior gnathopoda having the distal process of
the carpus nearly half as long as the propodos, parallel-sided,
incurved ; propodos equalling in length the cephalon and the
first three segments of the pereion, rather more than twice as
long as broad, with three small teeth and a row of fine serrations
on its palmar border, and a conical tooth on the opposite border
at the base of the dactylos ; dactylos not quite half as long as
the propodos, uniformly curved. Pereiopoda subequal. Three
posterior pairs of pleopoda slender, nearly smooth, the protopo-
dite of the fourth pair longer than that of the fifth and sixth,
that of the fifth the shortest. Telson elongated; the apex
moderately acute.

Western Port ; Port Jackson ; Port Stephens ; PortDenison;
Thursday Island ; Torres Straits.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 249

440. Leucothoe diemenensis.

Leucothoe diemenensis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 262, pi. ix., fig. 5.

Body broad. Coxa3 of the second pereiopoda rather deeper
than the others. Eyes round, large. Superior antennae equal in
length to the cephalon and the two first segments of the pereion ;
first two segments of the peduncle subequal, last short. Inferior
antennae with the peduncle equal in length to that of the superior
pair; the flagellum about half the length of the last segment
of the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda large, in form nearly
resembling those of L. commensalis. Posterior gnathopoda very
large ; carpus closely applied to the propodos, its palmar process
nearly half as long as the latter, bifurcate at the extremity ;
propodos exceeding in length the cephalon and first three segments
of the pereion, long-oval, with two or three denticles towards
the proximal end of the palmar border ; dactylos more than half
as long as the propodos. Pereiopoda subequal. Sixth pair of
pleopoda the longest. Telson lanceolate, acute. Length 6| lines.

Tasmania (Macleay Museum).

441. Leucothoe gracilis.

Leucothoe gracilis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 263, pi. x., fig. 2.

Coxae of the second pereiopoda not deeper than the others.
Superior antenuae equal in length to the cephalon and the two
first segments of the pereion ; first joint of the peduncle stout ;
second equal to the first in length, but narrow ; third about half
the length of the second ; flagellum scarcely so long as the second
segment of the peduncle. Peduncle of the inferior antennae equal
in length to that of the superior pair ; flagellum shorter than the
last segment of the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda large, hardly
distinguishable in form from those of L. commensalis ; carpus
equal in length to the cephalon and first two segments of the
pereion. Posterior gnathopoda very large, as long as the
cephalon and pereion, similar in shape to those of L. commensalis ;
propodos equalling in length the cephalon and two first segments
of the pereion. Three posterior pairs subequal, very small and
weak. Three posterior pairs of pleopoda long ; the fourth and
sixth subequal ; the fifth shorter. Telson triangular, pointed.

Tasmania.

The two preceding species are perhaps better regarded as local
varieties of L. commensalis.

250 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

442. Leucothoe novae -hollandise. A.M.

Leucolltoe novce-liollandice, Haswell, 1. c, p. 329, pi. xx., fig. 2.

Body thick. Pleou considerably shorter than the pereion.
Cephalon small ; first segment of the pereion very broad, tumid.
Eyes oval. Superior antennae a little longer than the cephalon
and first segment of the pereion ; first two segments of peduncle
subequal — the second slightly longer than the first — the third
about one-third of the length of the second ; flagellum as long as
the last two segments of the peduncle, very slender. Inferior
antennae subequal with superior ; flagellum very slender, rather
longer than the last segment of the peduncle. Maxillipedes with
a strong dactylos and well-developed squamif orm plates — those of
the basa united together in the middle line. Anterior gnathopoda
large, complexly subchelate ; carpus much larger than the
propoclos, irregularly triangular — the proximal (apical) and
superior angles rounded off, the inf ero-distal angle produced into
an incurved pointed process, about one-half as long as the rest of
the segment ; propodos less than two-thirds of the length of the
carpus, rather longer than broad, terminating in a straight edge,
its dorsal border concave, ventral convex and closely applied to
the inf ero-distal process of the carpus ; dactylos absent. Posterior
gnathopoda simply sub-chelate, with a small meros, a sub-
triangular carpus, slightly produced at both of its distal angles ;
the propodos large, more than twice as long as broad, its dorsal
border convex in its proximal two-thirds, concave near the distal
end, ventral border slightly convex ; palm oblique, slightly
excavated, armed with a varying number of blunt teeth ; dactylos
more than half as long as the propodos. First and second pairs
of coxse as deep as their respective segments ; third and fourth
rather deeper ; fifth scarcely half as deep as the fourth. Three
posterior pairs of pereiopoda subequal, rather short. Fourth
pair of pleopoda longer than the fifth and sixth ; fifth and sixth
subequal, with short, styliform, slighly curved rami. Telson
triangular, blunt. Colour light pink, nearly white. Length | in.

Port Jackson.

Genus Harmon ia, Haswell.

Coxa) not so deep as their respective segments. Superior
antenna) with an appendage. Inferior antenna; longer than the

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 251

superior pair. Mandibles with a palp. Maxillipedes unguiculatc
sub-pediform, provided with a squamiform plate on the basos
only. G-nathopoda subchelate, unequal, posterior pair very large.
Pereiopoda stout. Posterior pleopoda biramous, the rami short
conical. Telson single, elongate.

This genus, of which I have as yet observed but one species,
has affinities with Eurystlieus and Amathia, but is distinguished
from the former by the form of the telson and the stoutness of
the pereiopoda, and from the latter mainly by the large size of
the posterior gnathopoda.

113. Harmonia crassipes. A.M.

Hannonia crassipes, Haswell, 1. c, p. 330, pi. xix., fig. 3.

Superior antennae as long as the cephalon and first six segments
of the pereion, first and second segments of the peduncle subequal,
the second narrower than the first, third scarcely distinguishable
from the articuli of the flagellum, flagellum rather longer than
the peduncle. Inferior antennas longer than the superior pair ;
peduncle and flagellum subequal. Anterior gnathopoda small ;
propodos ovoid; palm oblique, undefined. Posterior gnathopoda
much larger than the anterior pair ; carpus sub-triangular ; pro-
podos irregularly ovoid, palm oblique, excavate, defined by a
triangular tooth, and armed with another of similar form near
the distal end. Two anterior pairs of pereiopoda subequal ;
three posterior pairs with the basa oblong, twice as long as
broad, the other joints very broad, the dactylos very stout ;
fourth pair smaller than the fifth and sixth. Rami of the fourth
pair of pleopoda as long as the protopodite ; those of the fifth
pair shorter ; those of the sixth pair very short, conical, armed
with a few straight seta?. Telson simple, conical, compressed.
Colour brown. Length t/V in.

Port Jackson.

Genus Melita, Leach.

Eyes round. Superior antennae appendiculate. Inferior
antennae shorter than the superior. Coxae not deeper than
their respective segments, those of the third pair of pereiopoda
shorter than those of the fourth. First pair of gnathopoda
small ; second pair of gnathopoda very large. Pereiopoda

252 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

eubequal. Posterior pair of pleopoda having the rami very
unequal, the outer one extending much beyond the preceding,
the inner being rudimentary. Telson double. [S. JB.]

444. Melita Australis. A.M.

Melita Australis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 261, pi. ix., figs. 6 and 7.

Pour anterior segments o£ the pleon with their posterior dorsal
border concave, and armed with two to six acute teeth. Eyes
small, round. Superior antennae three-fourths of the length of
the body ; first joint of the peduncle stout, shorter than the
second ; flagellum longer than the peduncle. Inferior antennae
two-thirds of the length of the superior pair ; flagellum shorter
than peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda with the carpus and
propodos of equal length ; the former sub- triangular ; the latter
quadrate, the palm defined by a small spine ; the dactylos curved.
Posterior gnathopoda unequal in the male ; the right resembling
the anterior pair in form, but longer, the palm not defined, the
left with the meros produced posteriorly into an acute spine,
the propodos six times as long as that of the anterior pair, sub-
triangular, with the apex rounded, the base (palm) oblique,
slightly concave, and armed with three teeth, the anteroinferior
angle produced into a stout palmar process grooved internally for
the lodgment of the dactylos when the hand is closed ; dactylos
geniculate at base, slightly curved at apex. Three posterior
pairs of pereiopoda large, serrate, hirsute, the third pair shorter
than the others. Pourth pair of pleopoda longer than the rest ;
last pair with the inner ramus rudimentary, the outer long,
foliaceous, serrate. Telson two-branched, hirsute. Length 4
lines.

Port Denison ; Port Stephens ; Port Jackson ; Western Port.

Genus Mosra, Leach.

Long and slender. Superior antennae appendiculatc, much
longer than the inferior. Inferior antenna? a little posterior to
the superior, having the peduncle much longer than the flagellum,
and not reaching to the extremity of the peduncle of the superior.
Oral appendages receding. Mandibles having an appendage.
Pour anterior pairs of coxa) not so deep as their respective
segments ; three posterior not much shorter than the preceding.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 253

Gnathopoda unequal, second pair much the larger. Pereiopoda
slender, subequal. Posterior pair of pleopoda biramous, sub-
foliaceous. Telson double. [S. B.~\

445. Moera Ramsayi. A.M.

Melita ? Ramsayi, Haswell, 1. c, p. 265, pi. x, fig, 1.

Moera Ramsayi, Haswell, 1. c, p. 332.

Posterior border of the three first segments of the pleon armed
with small serrations and short hairs ; fourth and fifth segments
with an acute mesial tooth and a few hairs. Superior antennae
as long as the cephalon and pereion ; first two segments of the
peduncle elongate, second longer than the first ; third segment
very short ; flagellum rather shorter than the peduncle ;
appendage seven-jointed. Inferior antenna? with the peduncle
equal in length to that of the superior pair ; first segment the
shorter, second the longest ; flagellum about equal in length to
the last segment of the peduncle. Anterior gnatliopoda with
the carpus and propodos subequal, hairy ; the latter broad ;
palm oblique, armed with a few short denticles. Posterior
gnathopoda unequal ; right the largest, its carpus closely applied
to the propodos ; projoodos more than thrice as long as that of
the anterior pair, oblong, slightly longer distally than proximally,
its length equal to nearly twice its least breadth ; palm nearly
transverse, defined by a strong, pointed, slightly curved tooth,
and armed with three other large compressed teeth ; left with
the propodos about two-thirds of the length of that of the right,
of similar shape, but having the palm rather more oblique,
slightly convex, minutely crenulated, armed with a single small
defining tooth. Three posterior pairs of pereiopoda serrated
and hairy, rather shorter than the fourth and fifth. Posterior
pleopoda wanting. Telson with each division armed terminally
with a shai-p tooth and a few long hairs. Length 5 lines.

Port Jackson (dredged.)

The posterior gnathopoda of this species are sometimes devoid
of teeth, and have the palm very oblique, so that the limbs
resemble closely the corresponding appendages in M. rubro-
maculata, from which, however, the present species is always
distinguished by having a prominent, acute, mesial spine on the
fourth and fifth segments of the pleon.

254 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

446. Mcera rubro-maculata. A.M.

Grcmmarus rubro-maculatus, Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Fhilad., July 1855 ; Spence Bate, Cat. Ainphip. p. 220.
Mcera rubro-maculata, Haswell, 1. c, p. 267, pi. x., fig. 4.

Posterior borders of the pleonal segments with cornb-like rows
of acute teeth. Coxa? shallower than their respective segments,
fifth pair deeper than fourth. Superior antennae half as long as
the body, the peduncle rather shorter than the flagellum ; first
two segments rather long, third short ; appendage of seven
segments. Inferior antenna? a little more than half the length
of the superior pair ; flagellum less than half the length of the
peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda rather large, hirsute below ;
carpus broad, triangular ; propodos irregularly ovate, as long as
the cephalon. Posterior gnathopoda much larger than the
anterior pair ; meros with a sharp spine behind ; carpus hairy ;
propodos as long as the cephalon and first two segments of the
pereion, ovate, its palm strongly convex, defined by a small tooth,
its dorsal border nearly straight. Two anterior pairs of pereio-
poda subequal, their coxa? little more than half the dej^th of their
respective segments ; meros produced anteriorly at its distal end.
Three posterior pairs of pereiopoda hairy, the third pair the
shoi-test, the fourth the longest ; basos narrow, its posterior
border serrated and armed with a sharp tooth at the distal end.
Lateral plates (epimera) of the three anterior segments of the
pleon serrated posteriorly. Fourth pair of pleopoda longer than
fifth, both provided with seta? on the protopodite and rami. Last
pair of pleopoda very large, biramous, the rami foliaceous, long-
ovate, emarginate ; their margins serrate, the serrations and the
extremity armed with seta?. Tclson of two short, cylindrical
rami, each with one or two seta\ Colour light pink, striped and
spotted with crimson.

Port Denison ; Port Stephens ; Port Jackson.

447. Moera hamigera.

Mcera hamigera, Haswell, 1. c, p. 333, pi. xxi, fig. 1.

Superior antenna? as long as the cephalon and pereion ; second
segment of the peduncle longer and narrower than the first ;
third half the length of the second ; flagellum nearly as long as
the peduncle ; appendage of four articuli. Inferior antenna? as

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 255

long as the two first segments of the peduncle of the superior
pair ; flagellum longer than the last segment of the peduncle.
Anterior gnathopoda small ; propodos ovate, hairy ; palm not
defined. Posterior gnathopoda unequal ; left a little larger than
the anterior, and of similar form ; right very large ; meros
produced infero-distally into a short pointed prominence ; carpus
sub-triangular ; propodos four times as long as the carpus, slightly
broader distally than proximally, greatest breadth about half the
length, upper and lower borders nearly straight ; palm oblique
with three irregular teeth, the defining one sub-acute, the others
blunt ; dactylos short, hooked. Posterior pleopoda with the
rami ovate, serrated, armed with seta; on the serrations and at
the extremity. Length -\ in.

Port Jackson.

118. Moera viridis. A.M.

Moera viridis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 333, pi. xxi., fig. 2.

Eyes round. Superior antenna? as long as the cephalon and the
first five segments of the pereion ; second joint of the peduncle
slightly longer and narrower than the first ; third short ; flagellum
rather longer than the last two segments of the peduncle ;
appendage half as long as the flagellum, of five elongated articuli.
Inferior antenna? inserted rather behind the superior pair, their
peduncle subequal with the peduncle of the latter, the flagellum
not longer than the last segment of the peduncle. Squamif orm
plates of the maxillipedes bordered with curved spines. Anterior
gnathopoda small ; propodos ovate, palm oblique, not defined.
Posterior gnathopoda very large ; carpus irregularly triangular,
closely applied to the propodos, which is very large (as long as
the cephalon and first three segments of the pereion), oblong,
rather broader distally than proximally, the palm transverse,
armed with three large compressed teeth ; dactylos armed
internally with two teeth. Three anterior pairs of pereiopoda
subequal in length ; two posterior pairs longer ; basa of the three
last pairs more than half as broad as long, minutely serrated ;
mera broad, strongly convex behind ; meros, carpus, and propodos
serrated and hairy on the borders. Posterior pleopoda biramous,
the rami unequal, phylloid, the larger with three small notches
on its outer border, smooth on its inner ; the smaller with both

256 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

borders smooth, truncate, and armed with a few straight hairs.
Telson with the segments compressed, terminating each in two
teeth, of which the inner is the more prominent, and armed with
several straight spines. Colour light green. Length i in.

The female has the palm of the posterior gnathopoda straight,
and the meros of the two last pairs of pereiopoda narrower than
the male.

Clark Island, Port Jackson ; Port Denison.

This species resembles M. truncatipes, Spinola, in the form of
the posterior gnathopoda and other points ; but differs from it in
the form of the posterior pleopoda. From M. quadrimanus, Dana,
to which it is also nearly allied, it differs in the form of the basa
of the three posterior pairs of pereiopoda. From Mcera Ramsay i,
Haswell, to which it also has a singular superficial likeness, it
differs in the absence of spines on the pleon, and in the shortness
of the rami of the last pair of pleopoda.

419. Mcera dentifera.

Mcera dentifera, Haswell, 1. c, p. 332, pi. xx., fig. 4.

Superior antennae equal in length to the cephalon and first four
segments of the pereion ; third segment of the peduncle two-thirds
of the length of the second ; flagellum as long as the last two
segments of the peduncle, of about ten articuli, each ornamented
like the peduncle, with several longish hairs ;. appendage well-
developed, of five articuli. Inferior antennae slightly longer than
the superior ; fourth and fifth segments of the peduncle sub-
equal ; flagellum half as long again as the last segment of the
peduncle, of about twelve articuli ; both peduncle and flagellum
armed with slender hairs, which are longer on the former.
Anterior gnathopoda small ; propodos ovate, palm not defined.
Posterior gnathopoda very large ; meros with a pointed process
at its infero-distal angle ; carpus short, sub-triangular ; propodos
about six times the length of the carpus, broad at the base,
narrowing distally ; palm two- thirds of the length of the propodos,
concave, with a low protuberance at its distal end, armed with
fasciculi of long hairs, and defined by a long spine-like tooth ;
dactylos nearly as long as the propodos. Kami of posterior
pleopoda scarcely larger than the others, lanceolate, armed with

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 257

a few bristles. Telson small, the segments conical. Colour
light olive with minute black dots. Length i in.
Port Jackson, among sea- weed.

450. Moera approximans.

Mcera approximans, Haswell, 1. c, p. 331, pi. xxi., fig. 8.

Resembles M. dentifera, but has the posterior gnathopoda sub-
quadrate with the palm oblique, convex, defined by a small
conical tooth.

Clark and Shark Islands, Port Jackson.

451. Moera spinosa A.M.
Mcera spinosa, Haswell, 1. c, p. 2GS, pi. x., fig. 5.

Posterior margin of the five anterior segments of the pleon
armed with a few acute teeth or spines ; fourth and fifth
segments armed behind with acute spines. Coxae much shallower
than their respective segmetns. Lateral plate of the third seg-
ment of the pleon serrated posteriorly. Eyes long oval. Superior
antennae more than half the length of the body ; first segment of
the peduncle as long as the cephalon and the first segment of
the pereion ; second rather longer ; third very short ; flagellum
as long as the peduncle ; appendage nearly as long as the
flagellum. Inferior antennae more than half as long as the
superior pair ; third segment of the peduncle equal in length to
the first segment of the pereion ; fourth twice as long as the
third ; fifth as long as the cephalon ; flagellum as long as the
fifth segment of the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda hairy;
carpus rather longer than the propodos ; the latter ovate ; palm
oblique, notched. Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos large,
ovate, more dilated in the male than in the female, palm defined
by a strong, acute tooth, and armed in the male with two other
prominent teeth. Two anterior pairs of pereiopoda sub-equal.
Third pair rather shorter than the fourth and fifth • basos of the
three posterior pairs produced at its postero-distal angle ; meros
carpus and propodos serrated and hairy. Fifth pair of pleopoda
much shorter than the fourth. Sixth pair large, with a stout
protopodite and two broad-lanceolate rami ; the latter serrated
and armed with setae. Telson double, each half ending in a sharp
spine, and armed with a bundle of stiff setae. Length 8 lines.

Tasmania.

Q

258 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

452. Moera crassipes.

Mcera crassipes, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. v., p. 103, pi. vii., fig. 2.

Antennae sub-equal, nearly as long as the cephalon and pereion,
fringed below with long slender hairs. First pair of gnathopoda
with the carpus andpropodos sub-equal, their upper border nearly
straight, the lower strongly convex. Posterior pair of gnathopoda
unequal, the right much larger than the left ; the palm deeply
concave, with a minute tooth about its middle, and defined with
a second, prominent, acute tooth. Fourth and fifth pairs of
pereiopoda very much longer and broader than the rest, the fourth
pair the broadest. Rami of last pair of pleopoda broad-lanceolate,
rather short. Halves of telson conical, each tipped with a stout
spine.

Port Jackson.

Genus Megamcera, Spence Bate.

Body thick. Dorsal segments of the pleon without fasciculi of
spines. Eyes round. Superior antennae long ; inferior about
half the length of the superior. Gnathopoda subchelate, the
second pair being the larger. Posterior pair of pleopoda biramous.
Telson double.

453. Megamcera Mastersii.

Megamcera Mastersii, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 265, pi. xi.,
fig. 1.'

Eyes rather small, oval. Superior antenna) more than half
the length of the body ; first two articulations of the peduncle
subequal ; third small ; fiagellum as long as the peduncle ;
appendage short, of four segments. Inferior antenna) with the
peduncle rather longer than that of the superior pair ; fiagellum
as long as the last segment of the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda
with the carpus and propodos subequal, both armed with hairs
below ; the latter having the dorsal border nearly straight, the
palmar border strongly convex and armed with four small teeth.
Posterior gnathopoda having the meros, carpus and propodos
hairy behind, the meros armed behind with a sharp tooth, the
carpus slightly produced at its postei'O-distal angle, closely
applied to the propodos ; propodos nearly twice as large as that
of the anterior pair ; its dorsal border gently convex ; palm
well-defined, toothed. Coxa) of the two anterior pairs of

AUSTRALIAN- MALACOSTRACA. 259

pereiopoda much deeper than those of the three posterior pairs.
Basos of posterior pereiopoda long-ovate, serrated on the borders ;
meros broad, strongly convex, produced to an acute .point at its
distal and posterior angle ; meros and carpus armed at their
distal ends with a few bristles. Fourth and fifth pairs of
pleopoda subequal ; sixth pair with the protopodite short and
broad, the rami broad-lanceolate, and armed along .the borders
with about twenty bristle-bearing serrations. Telson triangular,
blunt, with three small teeth at the extremity, and a notch armed
with a single seta near the distal end of the inner border.
Port Jackson.

454. Megamoera diemenensis.

Megamoera diemenensis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 266, pi. xi., fig. 3.

First four segments of the pleon each with a pair of strong
spines on its posterior margin near the middle dorsal line. Eyes
reniform. Superior antennae more than half the length of the
body ; first segment of the peduncle stout, as long as the cephalon
and the first segment of the pereion, second segment narrower
and longer ; third segment short ; flagellum longer than the
peduncle ; appendage short, of four articuli. Inferior antetfnre
with the peduncle nearly equal in length to the two first segments
of the peduncle of the superior pair ; flagellum shorter than the
peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda small ; carpus and propodos
sub-equal, hairy; propodos irregularly ovate; palm straight,
oblique, undefined. Posterior gnathopoda large ; meros armed
behind with a short spine ; carpus short, closely applied to the
propodos ; propodos four times as long as that of the anterior
pair ; broad proximally, becoming narrower towards the distal
end ; dactylos curved, bent on the inner side of the propodos when
closed. First and second pereiopoda sub-equal. Three posterior
pairs very broad ; meros expanded posteriorly, and, together with
the carpus and propodos, serrated and armed with seta) ; third
pair shorter than the fourth and fifth ; basos of fifth pair much
broader than that of the others. Kami of the posterior pleopoda
sub-equal, twice as long as the protopodite, foliaceous, armed
with setae along the margins. Telson with the halves laterally
compressed, each terminating in two acute spines, and armed
with a few short setae. Length 9 lines.

Tasmania.

260 AUSTRALIAN" MALACOSTRACA.

455. Megamcera sub-carinata. A.M.

Meqamasra sub-carinata, Haswell, 1. c, p. 335, pi. xxi., fig. 4.

Fourth segment of the pleon dorsally bi-carinate, the carinaa
projecting posteriorly in the form of compressed teeth. Superior
antennaa nearly as long as the cephalon and perion ; first two seg-
ments of the peduncle subequal, the first rather stouter ; third very
short; appendage minute ; flagellum longer than the peduncle.
Peduncle of inferior antennae rather shorter than that of superior
pair; flagellum shorter than the last two segments of the peduncle.
Anterior gnathopocla stout, propodos small, palm oblique,
undefined. Posterior gnathopoda large (in the male) ; meros and
carpus short, propodos ovate, narrower distally than proximally,
dorsal border nearly straight, ventral strongly convex, bordered
with hairs, palm defined by an obscure protuberance. Posterior
pleopoda with broad ovate rami, serrated externally, smooth
internally, emarginate, tipped with a few setaa. Telson with the
segments compressed, conical, emarginate, the extremity armed
with two acute teeth and a few bristles. Colour nearly white,
covered with minute brown dots, with two or three brown bands
on the antennaa. Length -/V in.

Port Jackson (very common at low water among algre, etc.),
Botany Bay ; Port Stephens.

456. Megamcera suensis.

Megamoera suensis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 335, pi. xxi., fig. 5.

This species resembles the preceding in the form of the antenna?,
the posterior pleopoda and telson, and in the presence of a similar
pair of teeth on the fourth segment of the pleon, but differs from
it — besides other minor points — (1) in the possession of short
mesial teeth on the posterior border of the last segment of the
pereion and first two segments of the pleon ; (2) in the direction
of the palm of the posterior gnathopoda, which is transverse.
Length W in.

457. Megamoera Bceckii.

Megamcera Bceckii, Haswell, 1. c, p. 336, pi. xxi., fig. C.

Eyes oblong. Superior antennaa nearly as long as the cephalon
and pereion ; first two segments of the peduncle nearly equal in
length, third small ; flagellum longer than the peduncle ;
appendage composed of four elongated articuli. Inferior antennaa

ATTSTBALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 261

scarcely two-tliirds of the length of the superior pair ; the flagellum
a little longer than the last segment of the peduncle. Anterior
gnathopoda with the propodos ovate, palm undefined, hairy.
Posterior gnathopoda having the carpus subtriangular ; the
propodos ovate, twice as long as broad, twice as long as that of
the anterior pair, the palm oblique, slightly excavate, with four
small teeth ; the dactylos rather more than one-third of the length
of the propodos. Posterior three pairs of pereiopoda rather
stout, serrated and bordered with seta). Kami of posterior
pleopoda short and broad, truncate, serrated and setiferous.
Length t/V in.

Port Jackson.

Genus Wyvillea, Haswell.

Coxa) scarcely so deep as their respective segments. Superior
antenna) shorter than the inferior pair, appendiculate. Mandibles
with an appendage. Maxillipedes exunguiculate, squamiform
processes rudimentary. Gnathopoda subchelate, posterior pair
very large. Posterior pleopoda uniramous — the ramus large.
Telson simple, undivided.

458. Wyvillea longimanus.

Wyvillea longimanus, Haswell, 1. c, p. 337, pi. xxii., fig. 7.

Eyes round. Superior antenna) rather longer than the cephalon
and first three segments of the pereion ; first segment of the
peduncle short, thick ; second twice as long ; third rather smaller
than the second ; flagellum rather longer than the last segment
of the peduncle, of seven articuli ; appendage nearly one-fourth
of the length of the flagellum. Inferior antennae stout, sub-
pedif orm, with the peduncle equal in length to the superior pair ;
flagellum equal in length to the last segment of the peduncle,
armed with hairs which are slightly hooked at the points.
Anterior gnathopoda small ; propodos ovoid, narrowed distally ;
palm nearly longitudinal. Posterior gnathopoda very large ;
carpus short, subquadrate ; propodos elongated, four times as
long as broad, curved forwards, a blunt tooth at the proximal
and another at the distal end of the concave posterior border ;
dactylos as long as the propodos. Pereiopoda all short, broad,
bordered with seta?, the two anterior pairs equal, shorter than

262 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

the rest. Posterior pleopoda with the outer ramus broad,
lanceolate, armed on the borders with a few setae, and terminating
in two short, strong setae. Telson conical, blunt. Length
about | in.
Port Jackson.

Grenus Polychekia, Haswell.
Pereion broad ; pleon compressed, more or less carinate.
Antenna? sub-equal ; superior pair without an appendage.
Mandibles exappendiculate. Maxillipedes with well-developed
squamiform process. Grnathopoda small, sub-chelate. Pereiopoda
all prehensile, with narrow basa. Posterior pleopoda biramous
with equal rami. Telson double.

459. Polycheria tenuipes.

Polycheria tenuipes, Haswell, 1. c, p. 345, pi. xxii., fig. 8.

Eyes very large, red. Superior antennae as long as the cephalon
and first six segments of the pereion ; first joint of the peduncle
short and stout ; second longer and narrower than the first ; third
inconspicuous ; flagellum rather longer than the peduncle, of
fourteen articuli. Inferior antennae rather longer than the
superior ; first joint of the peduncle short and stout ; second and
third longer, slender, subequal ; flagellum about equal in length
to the peduncle, of seven elongated articuli, each with a circlet of
a few delicate hairs. Anterior gnathopoda with the propodos
oval ; the palm nearly transverse, not defined. Posterior gnatho-
poda longer and more slender than the anterior pair ; carpus
and propodos nearly equal in length, the latter narrower than the
former, with the palm transverse, the dactylos short. Pereiopoda
subequal, slender, all prehensile; basos narrow; propodos oblong,
palm transverse, waved ; dactylos short. Three posterior pleopoda
biramous, the rami unarmed, last pair with the rami broad-
lanceolate, with one or two hairs on the borders. Segments of
the telson broad-lanceolate, acute. Length i]-0- in.

Port Jackson, two fathoms.

460. Polycheria brevicornis.

Polycheria oreuicornis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 34G.
Eyes rather small, round. Superior antennae as long as the
cephalon and first three segments of the pereion ; first segment

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 263

of the peduncle short and stout, second narrower than the first
and about twice as long ; third about one-fourth of the length
of the second ; flagellum equal in length to the second segment
of the peduncle, of eight articuli. Inferior antennae equal to
the superior in length ; flagellum as long as the last segment
of the peduncle, of six articuli. Anterior gnathopoda with the
carpus and propodos sub-equal, the latter ovate, with a few
serrations on the borders ; palm transverse, dactylos short.
Posterior gnathopoda with the carpus rather longer than the
propodos — the latter oblong, nearly three times as long as broad,
with a few serrations on the borders ; palm transverse, dactylos
short. Length WV in.

Port Jackson.

Genus Miceodeutopus, Costa.

Body long and slender. Superior pair of antenna) longer
than the inferior, and carrying a secondary appendage. Mandibles
furnished with an appendage. Gnathopoda subchelate, first pair
larger than the second. Third pair of pereiopoda not longer
than the two preceding ; fourth pair much, and fifth pair very
much longer than the others. Posterior pair of pleopoda
biramous. Telson tubular, conical, and tipped with a double
vertical apex. [_S. B.~]

461. Microdeutopus Australis.

Microti eutopus Australis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 271, pi. xi., fig. 5.

Superior antenna) longer than the cephalon and pereion ;
peduncle armed with a few hairs ; first segment nearly as long
as the cephalon, stout ; second twice as long as the first, slender ;
third very short ; flagellum longer than peduncle, a few short
hairs on each articulus. Inferior antenna) nearly two-thirds of
the length of the superior pair ; peduncle armed with a few hairs,
the second joint the longest ; flagellum shorter than the last
segment of the peduncle, armed with hooked seta). Anterior
gnathopoda large, subchelate ; meros small, narrow ; carpus
large, armed with a few scattered hairs ; propodos smaller than
the carpus, irregularly quadrate, rather longer than broad,
armed with a few hairs ; palm short, scarcely oblique, deeply
excavate, minutely denticulated, bounded by a triangular tooth ;

264 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

dactylos stout, a row of acute denticles on its inner border.
Posterior gnathopoda smaller than the anterior pair ; carpus and
propodos subequal, serrated on their ventral border, armed with
fasciculi of hairs ; propodos ovate, half as broad as long, palm
not defined, nearly transverse ; dactylos stout, about one-third
of the length of the propodos, armed on its inner border with a
series of acute denticles. Second pair of pereiopoda longer than
the first; dactylos in both long, slender. Posterior pleopoda
biramous, the rami shorter than those of the preceding pairs,
lanceolate, with a few short, nearly straight setae along the
borders and at the extremity. Telson large, armed with a few
short hairs. Length 3h lines.

Port Jackson.

462. Microdeutopus Mortoni. A.M.

Microdeutopus Mortoni, Haswell, 1. c, p. 339, pi. xxii., fig. 2.

Anterior gnathopoda large ; meros produced at its inferior and
distal angle into a long sharp spine, which reaches beyond the
distal extremity of the carpus ; carpus larger than the propodos,
oblong, more than twice as long as broad, the upper border
convex, the lower straight ; propodos nearly as broad as the
carpus at the base, but narrowing slightly distally ; dactylos
two-thirds of the length of the propopos, minutely dentate on
its inner border. Last pair of pereiopoda longer than the others.
Posterior pleopoda short, the rami tipped with setae which are
longer and more slender than those on the preceding pairs.
Telson conical, tipped with about half-a-dozen seta) similar to
those on the posterior pleopoda. Length W in.

Clark Island, Port Jackson.

463. Microdeutopus tenuipes. A.M.
Microdeutopus tenuipes, Haswell, 1. c, p. 339, pi. xxii., fig. 1.
Eyes round. Superior antennae as long as the cephalon and

first six segments of the pereion ; first segment of the peduncle
scarcely as long as the cephalon, second half as long again, and
much more slender ; third about one- fifth of the length of the
second ; flagellum longer than the peduncle, of about eighteen
elongated articuli, each tipped distally above and below with a
few short hairs. Inferior antennae about four-fifths of the

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 265

length of the superior pair, sub-pediform, the peduncle orna-
mented below with fasciculi of longish slender hairs ; flagellum
shorter than the last segment, ornamented with a few slender
hairs on each articulus, and with a few stouter hooked hairs at
the apex. Anterior gnathopoda with the carpus and propodos
nearly equal in length, the former sub-triangular, the latter
ovate ; palm nearly longitudinal, scarcely defined. Posterior
gnathopoda similar in shape to the anterior pair, but smaller,
and with the palm directed a little more transversely. Two
anterior pairs of pereiopoda short, stout ; third pair shorter than
the fourth ; fifth much longer than the fourth, slender. Fourth
and fifth pairs of pleopoda with stout, straight spines ; sixth pair
with two or three spines like those of the preceding pairs, and
with two or three longer and more slender spines or hairs, which
are slightly curved at the apex. Telson thick, truncate, armed
above with two or three slender spines. Length i in.

Clark Island, Port Jackson.

464. Microdeutopus chelifer.

Microdeutopus chelifer, Haswell, 1. c, p. 240, pi. xxii. fig. 3.

Eyes small, round. Superior antenna; nearly as long as the
cephalon and the first six segments of the pereion ; flagellum
longer than the peduncle, appendage of three articuli. Inferior
antennse sub-pediform, nearly as long as the sujjerior ; peduncle
stout, much longer than that of the anterior pair ; flagellum
shorter than the last segment of the peduncle, obscurely multi-
articulate. Anterior gnathopoda very large ; carpus much larger
than the propodos, rounded proximally, becoming broader towards
the distal end, its distal border transverse, armed inferiorly with
two prominent teeth, of which the outer is longer and sharper
than the inner ; propodos much narrower than the carpus,
articulating with less than the upper two-thirds of the distal
border of the latter, twice as long as broad, convex above, concave
below, the inferior border armed with a small tubercle near the
proximal end, palm not defined ; dactylos with a few spine-like
teeth on its inner border. Posterior gnathopoda small ; carpus
and propodos subequal, the latter rather the longer, the former
ovate ; palm undefined. Two anterior pairs of pereiopoda stout ;
three posterior pairs with the basa long-ovate ; the third pair

266 AUSTKALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

shorter than the fourth and fifth. Posterior pleopoda very small ;
rami short, sub-foliaceous, armed with slender hairs. Telson
conical, armed above with a few slender hairs. Length -} in.

Port Jackson.

Sub-Division Domicola.

Pereion not compressed. Having either the lower antennae
sub-pediform and furnished with strong, slightly-curved spiues,
or the posterior pair of pleopoda furnished with hook-like spines.
Live in tubes or burrows, and usually can walk erect. [S. B.~]

Family COBOFRIIBM.
None of the segments of the pereion or pleon obsolete or fused
together. [S. B.~\

Section NIDIFIOA.

Having the power of secreting a substance that, like a web,
binds together the materials of which the nest is composed, or
one of a more membranous character. [S. £.]

Sub-Family Fodocerides.

Peduncle of the upper antennae much shorter than the peduncle
of the lower. Lower antennae robust, and used in climbing.
Posterior pair of pleopoda furnished with hook-like spines.
IS. £.-]

Genus Amphithoe, Leach.

Coxae large, those pertaining to the third pair of pereiopoda
having the anterior lobe not shorter than the preceding, posterior
lobe very small. Second pair of gnathopoda larger than the first.
Posterior pair of pleopoda supporting two rami, the outer ramus
terminating in one or more short, slightly curved spines, the inner
sub-foliaceous. Telson single, lamelliform.

465. Amphithoe quadrimanus.

Amphithoe quadrimanus, Haswell, 1. c, p. 337, pi. xxi., fig. 7.

Eyes small, round. Superior antennae as long as the cephalon
and pereion ; flagellum thrice as long as the peduncle. Inferior
antenna) twice as long as the peduncle of the superior pair ; third
segment very stout, produced below at the distal end into a

AUSTBALIAN MALACOSTBACA. 267

rounded protuberance, clothed in common with the lower margins
of the fourth and fifth segments, with long plumose hairs ;
fiagellum as long as the peduncle. Propodos of anterior
gnathopoda sub-quadrate, a little broader distally than proximally,
palm nearly transverse, not defined. Posterior gnathopoda with
the meros and carpus both produced into a small tooth at their
inferior and distal angle ; propodos large, sub-quadrate, twice as
long as broad, palm nearly transverse, concave. Posterior
pleopoda reaching beyond the extremity of the preceding pair,
the outer ramus armed with three hooks, the inner foliaceous,
armed with slender straight spines. Telson armed with about
half-a-dozen slender spines. Length £ in.

Clark Island, Port Jackson.

466. Amphithoe cinerea.

Amphithoe cinerea, 1. c, p. 269. pi. xi., fig. 4.

Eyes round, projecting, almost colourless. Superior antennae
more than half of the length of the body ; first segment of the
peduncle shorter than the second ; third joint very short , fiagel-
lum much longer than the peduncle. Inferior antennae shorter
than the superior pair ; fiagellum shorter than the last two seg-
ments of the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda with the propodos
long-ovate, armed with hairs, the palm oblique, undefined.
Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos broader, but rather
shorter than that of the anterior pair, hairy; palm oblique,
convex, devoid of teeth, but with a tubercle near its distal end.
Two anterior pairs of pereiopoda subequal, stoutish. Third pair
with the basos sub-circular ; basa of fourth and fifth pairs oval.
Posterior pleopoda rather short, the rami not extending so far
as those of the fifth pair ; the outer ramus short, armed with
two hooks ; the inner slightly longer, broader, compressed, armed
with a few short seta?. Telson sub-triangular, blunt. Colour
ashy-grey.

Port Jackson.

467. Amphithoe grandimanus.

Amphithoe (jranclimanus, Haswell, 1. c, p. 270.

Nearly allied to the preceding ; distinguished by the size and
form of the posterior gnathopoda, which are very much larger

268 AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRACA.

than the anterior pair, with the propodos broad, irregularly
ovoid ; the palm oblique, deeply excavated, its border waved,
defined posteriorly by a strong tooth. Length eight lines.
Port Jackson.

468. Amphithoe setosa.

Awphitlboe setosa, Haswell, 1. c, p. 270.

Eyes small, round, reel. Superior antennae nearly as long as
the body ; first two segments of the peduncle subequal, third
about one-third of the length of the second ; flagelluzn twice as
long as the peduncle. Inferior antennae nearly as long as the
superior pair ; ornamented with long hairs ; flagellum as long as
the last two segments of the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda
rather large ; meros produced into an acute process at its inf ero-
distal angle ; carpus sub-triangular, longer than the meros or
propodos ; propodos ovate ; palm oblique ; undefined. Posterior
gnathopoda larger than the anterior pair, fringed with long
slender hairs ; meros and carpus short, both slightly produced at
the infero-distal angle ; propodos more than twice as long as the
carpus, rather longer than that of the anterior pair, ovate,
swollen ; palm oblique, defined by a small tooth. Colour light
brown with minute black dots.

Bock-pools at Botany Bay.

Genus Xenocheira, Haswell.

Body slender. Coxa? small. Superior antenna) very long,
longer than the inferior pair, with a secondary appendage.
Mandibles with an appendage. Both pairs of gnathopoda non-
subchelate, armed with very long hairs ; carpus of posterior pair
broad, plate-like, applied to the anterior (dorsal) border of the
meros. Posterior pleopoda biramous. Telson simple.

469. Xenocheira fasciata. A.M.

Xcnocheira fasciata, Haswell, 1. c, p. 272, pi. xi., fig. 0.

Eyes round. Superior antennae as long as the cephalon and
pereion ; first joint of the peduncle stout, rather longer than the
cephalon ; second rather longer and narrower than the first ;
third not one-half of the length of the second ; ilagellum longer
than the peduncle, slender ; appendage short, of five segments.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 269

Inferior antennae with the peduncle longer than that of the
superior pair ; fourth segment the longest ; flagellum shorter
than the last segment of the peduncle, of nine articuli, each armed
with one or two curved spines and a few hairs. Maxillipedes
non-ungLiiculate ; the borders of the ischial scale and of the palp
armed with a close fringe of long hairs. Anterior gnathopoda
sub-pediform, stout ; carpus triangular, short ; propodos nearly
twice as long as the carpus, narrow, its superior border slightly
convex, its inferior straight ; dactylos terminal, large, its inner
border armed with a series of sharp denticles. Posterior gnatho-
poda with the ischium sub-triangular, articulating with both
meros and carpus ; the latter broad, squamiform, with a close
fringe of long hairs ; the former narrow ; propodos narrow, sub-
equal with that of the anterior gnathopoda ; dactylos very
short. Fourth and fifth pairs of pleopoda armed with a
few acute spines. Posterior pleopoda with the rami narrow,
bordered with a few setiferous serrations and armed terminally
with a small number of slender hairs. Telson scale-like, very
short. Length 3| lines.

Port Jackson; Port Stephens; Grrifiiths' Point (Victoria).

G-enus Haplociieira, Haswell.

Body not much compressed laterally. Upper and lower antennae
subequal ; superior pair without an appendage ; inferior sub-
pediform. Both pairs of gnathopoda simple, fringed with long
hairs. Posterior pleopoda biramous, with unequal rami. Telson
single ?

470. Haplocheira typica.

Haplociieira typica, Haswell, 1. c, p. 273, pi. xi., fig. 2.

Superior antennae as long as the cephalon and first three seg-
ments of the pereion ; first and second segments of the peduncle
of nearly equal length, first stouter than second ; third half as
long as the latter ; flagellum as long as the last two segments of
the peduncle, hairy. Inferior antennae subequal with the superior
pair ; peduncle armed with a few hairs, longer than that of the
superior pair, fourth and fifth joints subequal ; flagellum shorter
than the last segment of the peduncle, composed of four articuli,
each armed with pointed, slightly hooked spines and a few short

270 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

hairs. Anterior gnathopocla with the propodos long and narrow ;
the meros, carpus and propodos fringed with long slender hairs.
Posterior gnathopoda longer and more slender than the anterior
pair, bordered like the latter with numerous long delicate hairs ;
ischium and meros small ; carpus and propodos of nearly equal
length — the latter tapering distally ; dactylos small. Pereiopoda
short, stout ; three anterior pairs subequal, fourth and fifth longer.
Fourth pair of pleopoda armed on the protopodite and each ramus
with a row of spines which are acute and slightly curved at the
tip ; fifth pair shorter than the fourth, armed with similar but
shorter spines ; sixth pair with the rami short, conical, unequal,
the outer armed with a few short stout spines, the inner terminated
by a few hairs. Telson cleft, armed with short blunt spines.
Colour dark grey. Length 3i lines.

Port Jackson ; under stones at low- water mark.

G-enus Podocerus, Leach.

Eyes small, situated on a lobe between the superior and inferior
antenna?. Superior antennae having a secondary appendage,
which is generally very minute. Inferior antenna? robust, the
flagellum consisting of but few articuli and as stout as the
peduncle, the hairs towards the extremity being developed into
spines, which increase in strength as they approach the apex,
where they become curved. Second pair of gnathopoda having
the propodos (in the male) much larger than that of the first
pair. Two anterior pairs of pereiopoda short, having the basa
very broad. Posterior pair of pleopoda having two rami, one of
which is armed with one or more hooked spines. Telson
squamiform.

471. Podocerus australis.

Podocerus australis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 338, pi. xxi., fig. 8.

Eyes small, round. Superior antenna? nearly as long as the
cephalon and first four segments of the pereion, armed below with
long hairs ; flagellum subequal with the last segment of the
peduncle, obscurely multiarticulate. Inferior antenna? longer
than the superior pair, very stout ; flagellum much shorter than
the last segment of the peduncle, obscurely multiarticulate,
secondary appendage uni-articulate. Anterior gnathopoda small,

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 271

the propodos ovate, the palm undefined. Posterior gnathopoda
very large, carpus produced at its inferior and distal angle into
a long, curved, compressed, pointed process, which nearly equals
the propodos in length ; propodos large, thrice as long as broad,
convex dorsally, concave ventrally, the distal extremity armed
with an acute tooth near the insertion of the dactylos ; dactylos
about two-thirds of the length of the propodos. Three anterior
pairs of pereiopoda very short ; two posterior pairs much longer.
Port Jackson.

Sub- Mm ihj Goroph iides.
Cephalon and pereion broader than deep. . Inferior antennas
sub-pediform, longer and more powerful than the superior.
Coxas small. Posterior pair of pleopoda simply sub-foliaceous,
or styliform, not armed with hook-like spines. Telson squami-
form, unarmed. \_S. B.~\

Genus Cyrtophittm. Dana.

Pereion narrow- elliptical. Pleon inflexed beneath the pereion.
Cephalon sub-quadrate. Eyes situated at the anterior angles and
a little prominent. Antennas pediform, with very short flagella
or none ; the inferior pair a little the longer. Gi-nathopoda sub-
chelate ; second pair much the stouter. Posterior pair of
pleopoda minute, simple, partly concealed by the telson ; ante-
penultimate and penultimate pairs with the rami unequal, not
specially covered on the outer side. \Dana.~]

472. Cyrtophium parasiticum.

CijrtopMum parasiticum, Haswell, 1. c, p. 271, pi. xii., fig 1.

Superior antennas exceeding the body in length, hairy ; the
flagellum shorter than the last segment of the peduncle.
Inferior antennas nearly once and a half the length of the body,
armed with long hairs ; third and fourth segments of the
peduncle subequal ; fifth shorter. Anterior gnathopoda hairy ;
propodos shorter than the carpus, ovate. Posterior gnathopoda
very large ; propodos as long as the cephalon and the first three
segments of the pereion ; palmar border with a shallow excava-
tion near the middle of its length, armed distally with fine
denticles. Pereiopoda subequal. Protopodite of the fourth
pleopoda stout ; inner ramus longer and stouter than the outer,

272 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

both armed with a few setae. Fifth pleopoda wanting. Sixth
pleopoda short, foliaceous, ovate. Telson simple, squamiform,
blunt. Length, inclusive of antennae, 4tj lines.
Port Jackson.

473. Cyrtophium dentatum.

Gi/rtophium dentatum, Haswell, 1. c, p. 342, pi. xxii., fig. 5.

Male. — Two last segments of the pereion, and two first of the
pleon projecting in the form of a tooth in the middle dorsal line.
Superior antennae as long as the cephalon and pereion ; first
segment of the peduncle short, second and third twice as long,
subequal, fringed below with long slender hairs ; a short bi-
articulate appendage ; flagellum rather shorter than the last
segment of the peduncle, sex-articulate. Inferior antennoo
rather longer than the body ; first segment of the peduncle
short, stout ; second twice as long ; third the longest ; fourth
not half the length of the third and slender ; flagellum scarcely
as long as the last segment of the peduncle, sex-articulate.
Anterior gnathopoda small, with the carpus and propodos sub-
equal, the latter sub-triangular, the palm nearly longitudinal,
straight ; dactylos armed internally with a few acute teeth ;
meros, carpus and propodos with a few slender hairs. Posterior
gnathopoda much larger than the anterior ; meros with an acute
spine on its posterior border ; carpus small ; propodos long-
ovoid, palmar border armed with three prominent teeth, and
fringed with numerous slender hairs ; three setiferous notches
on the dorsal border. Two anterior pairs of pereiopoda sub-
equal, bordered with setae ; three posterior pairs subequal, longer
than the others, setiferous ; basa long-ovate ; dactyla large.
Fourth and fifth pair of pleopoda with the rami unequal — the
inner the longer — each armed with a few straight spines. Last
pair of pleopoda rudimentary, with one or two setae, almost con-
cealed by the telson. Telson prominent, conical, armed terminally
with two slender spines. Colour grey or red. Length 2^ lines.
Port Jackson ; Port Stephens ; Port Molle ; Griffiths' Point.

474. Cyrtophium minutum.

Cyrtophium minutum, Haswell, 1. c, p. 343, pi. xxii., fig. G.
Anterior segments of the pleon slightly produced in the middle
dorsal line. Eyes very prominent. Superior antennae as long

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 273

as the cephalon and the first six segments of the pereion ; flagellurn
subequal with the last segment of the peduncle, of three articuli, of
which the first is much longer than the other two ; no appendage.
Inferior antenna equal in length to the superior pair ; flagellurn
scarcely half as long as the last segment of the peduncle, obscurely
multiarticulate. Anterior gnathopoda very small, fringed with
long hairs ; propodos long-ovate ; palm undefined ; dactylos
neaidy as long as the propodos. Posterior gnathopoda very large,
basos stout ; meros produced below into an angular protuberance ;
carpus sub-quadrate ; propodos ovate, dilated, dorsal border
strongly convex, palm defined by a prominent acute tooth, and
occupied distally by a rounded eminence ; ventral borders of
the meros and propodos ornamented with a close fringe of long
plumose hairs. Fourth pair of pleopoda with the outer ramus
much shorter and narrower than the inner ; both tipped with a
few short bristles. Fifth pair with the outer ramus styliform,
armed with one or two hairs at the apex, the inner foliaceous,
long-ovate, bordered internally with a few hairs. Nearly colour-
less, with minute brown spots and a transverse brown band on
the cephalon at the base of the superior antennae. Length iV in.

Port Jackson.

475. Cyrtophium? hystrix. A.M.

Cyrtopliium ? hystrix, ITaswell, I.e., Vol. v., p. 101, pi. vii.,
fig. 3. '

Cephalon, pereion and first two segments of pleon armed with
prominent spines on the dorsal and lateral surfaces ; lateral
borders of the second to the sixth segments of the pereion pro-
duced outwards and upwards, acuminate. Coxa? of the pereiopoda
each armed with a small point on its lower border. Antenna?
stout ; superior pair as long as the cephalon and pereion, basal
■joint of the peduncle short, with an acute spine above ; third
joint the longest ; flagellurn shorter than the last segment of the
peduncle ; inf ei'ior antennae longer than the superior pair, very
stout, fifth joint of the peduncle longer than the fourth, flagellurn
much shorter than the last segment of the peduncle. Anterior
gnathopoda with the carpus and propodos sub-equal, both armed
ventrally with a row of seta>, palm straight, oblique ; dactylos
longer than palm. Posterior gnathopoda with the carpus very
small, the propodos large, ovate, narrower at its distal than at its

274 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

proximal end, palm nearly longitudinal, undefined. Pereiopoda
subequal, the fourth pair longer than the preceding, the joints
broad, the dactylos very stout. Penultimate pair of pleopoda
with two unequal rami, the outer shorter and narrower than the
inner, tipped with two acute bristles, the inner broad, armed
terminally and internally with a few strong bristles. Last pair
of pleopoda uniramous, minute, almost concealed under the broad
rounded telson.
Port Jackson.

Genus Colomastix, G-rube.
Body rather slender, depressed, tapering behind, the coxa?
low. Antennae short, strong, with the flagella rudimentary or
absent ; the superior scarcely longer than the inferior, without a
secondary appendage. Maxilli pedes exunguiculate. First pair
of gnathopoda slender, exunguiculate ; second stronger, sub-
chelate. All the pleopoda biramous, without spines ; outer
ramus of the sixth pair neither hook-like nor armed with spines.
Telson simple, laminar.

476. Colomastix Brazieri. A.M.

Colomastix Brazieri, Haswell, I.e., Vol. iv., p. 311, pi. xxii.,
fig. 4.

Eyes round, rather prominent. Superior antennae as long as
the cephalon and first three segments of the pereion, sub-pedif orm,
extremely stout ; peduncle slightly compressed from above down-
wards, trigonal ; first segment broader but shorter than the
second ; third half as long as the second ; flagellum rudimentary,
of four small articuli. Inferior antenna? with the peduncle as
stout as that of the superior pair, slightly compressed ; flagellum
of one articulus, armed with a few simple, straight hairs. Epistome
and labium very prominent. Anterior gnathopoda simple, filiform
exunguiculate, folded under the pereion, all the joints (except
the coxa) sub-cylindrical, slender. Posterior gnathopoda large,
carpus produced inferiorly, propodos ovate, palm oblique, toothed.
Two anterior pairs of pereipoda stout ; three posterior pairs
subequal, smaller than the first two. Sixth pair of pleopoda with
the outer ramus short, the inner twice as long, lanceolate, acute.
Telson conical, compressed. Colour light green. Length about
I in.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 275

The female differs from the male in the smaller size of the
posterior gnathopoda, which have an undefined hairy palm, and
a very small dactylos.

Port Jackson, 2 — 10 fathoms.

Genus Ictlius, Dana.

Body much compressed. Antenna? elongate, and having long
flagella ; the inferior pair longest. Gnathopoda not prehensile,
vergiforin and unguiculate. Posterior pair of pleopoda furcate.
[2).]

477. Icilius Australis. Plate iv., fig. 4. A.M.

Icilius Australis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 274, pi. xii., fig. 2.
Icilius pwnctatus, 1. c, p. 343, pi. xii., fig. 2.

Pereion ovate, first two segments very short. Eyes red, very
prominent. Superior antenna? much smaller than the inferior
pair, nearly as long as the body, with a uni-articulate appendage ;
third joint of the peduncle shorter than the others ; flagellum
longer than the peduncle. Peduncle of inferior antenna? very
stout, as long as the superior pair. Maxillipedes unguiculate,
hairy, provided with squamiform plates. Gnathopoda subequal,
slender, unguiculate, provided with long hairs ; the carpus rather
longer than the propodos. Two first pairs of pereiopoda large
and prehensile in the male, the propodos being short and broad,
with a deeply excavated, spine-armed palm, and the dactylos
stout and long. Last pair of pereiopoda longer than the others.
Pifth pleopoda with the inner ramus larger than the outer.
Inner ramus of sixth pleopoda foliaceous, outer small, long-
ovate. Length about 3 lines.

Port Jackson (dredged).

An examination of a series of specimens has made it appear
probable that I. australis and /. punctatus are to be regarded as
varieties of one species.

Tribe ISOPODA.

Body dorso-ventrally compressed. The thoracic legs consisting
of an anterior series of three, and a posterior series of four pairs.
Segments of the abdomen short, and often more or less coalescent.
Terminal segment well-developed. Abdominal appendages of two

276 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRA.CA.

kinds, the first five pairs foliaceous and branchial in function,
the sixth pair operculiform, lamellate or styliform. No caudal
appendages.

Sub-Tribe Idoteidea.

Body oblong-oval, or linear in form. Posterior pair of
abdominal appendages enlarged, operculiform, closing over the
otber (branchial) abdominal appendages. \_M.~]

Family I. IDOTEID^.

Legs all similar, sub-prehensile, or adapted for walking.

Glenus Idotea, Fabr.

Body elongated. Head quadrilateral, broader than long.
Eyes placed laterally. External antenna? much longer than the
internal, and terminating in a multi-articulate flagellum. Maxil-
lipedes very large. Seven segments of the body all nearly of
the same shape and size. Abdomen with several of the seven
segments short, usually more or less coalescent, the terminal
segment very large, its appendages greatly developed, covering
the whole inferior surface of the abdomen, and closing like doors
over the branchial appendages. [M.]

478. Idotea stricta.

Idotea stricta, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., Vol. ii.,
p. 701, pi. xlvi., fig. 7.

Narrow, front excavate, head a little transverse. Epimerals
very small. Outer antenme about half as long as body, flagellum
shorter than the base, ten-jointed, naked. Inner antennae hardly
reaching to penultimate basal joint of outer pair. Abdomen
narrow oblong (length more than twice the breadth), triangulate
at extremity and subacute, lateral margins a little excavate or
concave. Feet sparingly hirsute below. [J5.]

New South Wales.

479. Idotea caudacuta. A.M.
Idotea caudacuta, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. vi., p. 1, pi. iv., fig. 4.
Length of body about three and two-thirds the greatest breadth.

Head nearly twice as broad as long, front deeply concave.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 277

Thoracic segments increasing slightly in breadth posteriorly.
Epimera of first segment not distinct ; those o£ second, third and
fourth small ; the rest larger ; those of the sixth and seventh
segments produced to an angle posteriorly. Greatest breadth of
the abdomen more than half the length ; in old specimens there
is a low rounded mesial dorsal ridge ; the extremity narrowing
suddenly and rounded in old specimens but sub-acute in younger.
Internal antenna? very short, scarcely reaching the extremity of
the third joint of the peduncle of the outer pair; basal segment
of the peduncle short and thick, quadrate ; second segment
shorter and much narrower than the first ; third as long as the
first, slender, cylindrical. External antenna? nearly equal in
length to the head and first six segments of the thorax ; three
basal joints short and stout, fourth the longest ; flagellum longer
than the peduncle, tapering, composed of about twenty articuli.
Colour very inconstant, sometimes olive-green, sometimes rich
brown, variously marked with bands of dull yellow. Length of
largest specimen If in.

Griffiths' Point ; Port Philip ; Tasmania.

The nearest described ally of this species appears to be I. slrieta
of Dana, from which it is distinguished, among other points, by
the much greater number of joints in the outer antenna?.

480. Idotea excavata. A.M.

Idotea excavata, Haswell, 1. c., p. 2.

Length of body about four and a half times the greatest
breadth. Head very small, much narrower than the thorax.
Epimera of the last six thoracic segments distinct, increasing
in size posteriorly — the last three acutety angulated behind.
Abdomen about twice as long as broad, scarcely equal in length
to the last four segments of the thorax, terminated posteriorly by
a concave border bounded on either side by an acute tooth.
Internal antenna? short, a little longer than the three basal
segments of the peduncle of the outer pair ; flagellum shorter
than the last segment of the peduncle. Outer antenna? about
two-thirds of the length of the body ; the peduncle slightly
compressed dorso-ventrally, the two last joints nearly equal in

278 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

length, longer than the others ; flagellum composed of about
twenty articuli. Length If in.

Tasmania (Australian Museum).

Allied to I. elongate/, Miers, but having the thorax very much
broader in proportion to the length.

Genus Crabyzos, Spence Bate.

Head and pereion of eijual breadth, the first segment of the
pereion joined to the head. Upper antennae not longer than
the cephalon. Lower antenna? much longer than the upper.
Pereiopoda simple, the dactyli terminating in two teeth ; all the
pereiopoda except the first slender and short. [S. £.]

481. Crabyzos longicaudatus.

Crabyzos longicaudatus, Spence Bate, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1863,
p. 504, pi. xli., fig. 7.

Pleon terminating in a long point. Pirst segment of the
body etpual to the head. Superior antennae shorter than the
head ; inferior antennae as long as the second segment of the
pereion. Pirst pair of pereiopoda tolerably robust and long, all
the rest shorter and feebler, all terminating in double-pointed
dactyli. [S. B.~\

Gulf of St. Vincent, 4| fathoms.

Sub-Tribe Oniscoidea.

Body usually oblong or oblong-oval, terminal segment not
greatly developed. Posterior pair of abdominal appendages
usually styliform, rarely obsolete, terminal or sub-terminal
(never closing over the other branchial appendages as in the
Idoteidce, or large, lamellate, and natatorial as in the Cymo-
tlioidce). [M.~]

Family ABMADILLID^.

Body very convex, closely articulated. Abdomen multi-
articulate, the last segment small. Caudal appendages lamellate,
not exserted beyond the abdomen. Mandibles without palp.
Internal antennae inconspicuous. [Z>.]

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 279

Sub-Family Aemadillin^:.

Caudal appendages partly visible between the two last seg-
ments of the abdomen.

G-enus Aemadillidium, Brandt.
Base of the caudal appendages short, the external ramus broad,
terminal, the inner ramus small.

482. Armadillidium subdentatum. A.M.

AnnadilUdium subdentatum, Haswell, M S.

First segment of the pereion with its postero-lateral angle
produced and almost tooth-like. Postero-lateral angles of the
remaining segments very slightly produced. Terminal segment
of the abdomen as broad as long, the lateral borders converging
posteriorly ; the posterior border slightly convex. Basal joint
of the caudal appendages broad proximally, narrowing distally,
distal border concave, inclined obliquely backwards and inwards.
Outer ramus broader distally than proximally, the terminal
border straight, the inner and distal angle rounded. Inner
ramus becoming slightly enlarged towards the extremity, not
reaching quite to the extremity of the terminal segment. Colour
lead-colour. Length K in.

Sydney ; Tasmania.

Family ONISCID^.

Body moderately convex and usually loosely articulated.
Segments of the abdomen distinct, terminal segment small.
Caudal appendages exserted, styliform. Mandibles not palpi-
gerous. Internal antenna? very small. [-3/".]

Sub-Family ONisciNiE.
External antennae geniculate at the fifth joint. Base of the
caudal appendages very short, with two very unequal rami, of
which the longer is exserted externally, the other internal and
placed beneath the abdomen.

Genus Poecellio, Latr.
Body oblong-oval, loosely articulated. External antenna? with
their base partly concealed by the front of the head, seven-jointed,
the two terminal joints constituting the flagellum.

280 ATTSTKALIAN MALACOSTItACA.

483. Porcellio graniger.

Porcellio graniger, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 99 (1847) ;
Miers, Auu. Mag. Nat. Hist. (Ser. 4), xvii., p. 226 (1876) ;
Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 99, pi. ii., fig. 6 (187G).

Oblong-oval, moderately convex, granulate ; the granules
seriate along the posterior margin of each segment, and partly-
seriate elsewhere. Head transverse, with the antero-lateral lobes
narrow and very prominent. Eyes small, black. Segments of
the thorax slightly tending backward at their latero-posterior
angles. Segments of the abdomen very short, smooth on the
sides, and with the latero-posterior angles acute, directed back-
wards, terminal segment triangular, acute, concave above,
narrowed posteriorly, scarcely reaching beyond the latero-
posterior angles of the penultimate segment. Caudal appendages
very short, reaching a little beyond the apex of the terminal
segment, the larger (exserted) ramus ovate. Legs armed with
slender, acute spines. Colour chestnut brown. Length f in. [M.]

Tasmania ; Melbourne. Pound also in New Zealand.

484. Porcellio obtusifrons. A.M.
Porcellio obtusifrons, Haswell, MS.

Body broad and convex. Head short, transverse ; lateral
frontal lobes rather prominent, but scarcely extending beyond
the antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment ; mesial
frontal lobe very low, much less prominent than the lateral lobes,
forming an obtuse angle. Segments of the thorax with their
postero-lateral angles slightly produced backwards. Abdominal
segments with their postero-lateral angles strongly produced and
acute. Last segment short, produced behind into a narrow
mesial sub-acute process, which, however, scarcely extends
beyond the postero-lateral angles of the penultimate segment.
Caudal appendages extending well beyond the apex of the
terminal segment ; inner ramus narrow, pointed ; outer ramus
nearly twice as long as the inner, lanceolate. Length nearly
\ in. ; breadth about \ in. Colour slate-grey, with lighter mark-
ings towards the middle of each segment.

Sydney.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 281

Sub-Family Ligiince.

External antennae not decidedly geniculate at the fifth joint,
terminating in a multi-articulate fiagellum. Base of the caudal
appendages very long and exserted, with two long setif orm rami.
Maxillipedes four-jointed, elongated.

Genus Ligia, Eabr.

Carapace but slightly convex, nearly oval, with the abdominal
segments narrower than those of the thorax. Head small.
External antennae very long. Internal antenna? rudimentary.
Base of the caudal appendages not furcate at the apex, elongated,
with two slender styliform rami.

485. Ligia australiensis.

Lygia australiensis, Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust., ii.,
p. 740, pi. xlix., fig. 3.

Abdomen with the three segments before the last but little
prolonged backwards on either side, and the sides of the penul-
timate not reaching half-way to the angles of the last segment.
Postero-lateral angles of the last segment very short, acute, and
not reaching beyond the low tooth on the posterior margin at
the base of the stylets. Body rather narrow, and surface fine
granulous all over, the granules scattered. [Dana.]

New South Wales.

Sub-Tribe Ctmothoidea.

Body usually broad and convex. Abdomen large, the last
segment often scutiform. Caudal appendages broad, often
lamellate or falciform, natatorial and applied to the sides of the
last segment.

Family GYMOTHOIDJE.

Body convex. Abdomen 4-6 jointed, the anterior segments
rarely coalescent. Epimera conspicuous. Antenna? inserted
beneath the head. Maxillipedes short, 3-4 jointed, operculiform,
the terminal joints narrow and short. All the feet terminating
in a large curved claw. Caudal appendages free, the margins
rarely ciliated.

282 AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Sub-Family Cymothoince.

Abdomen multi-articulate, the segments free. Caudal appen-
dages not ciliated.

»&»

Genus Ceratothoa, Dana.

Body very convex. Head deeply encased in the anterior
segment of the thorax (the antero-lateral lobes of which do not,
however, reach to its anterior margin), narrowed anteriorly, and
subacute at the extremity, which does not cover the bases of the
antennae. Abdomen at base very much narrower than thorax,
six-jointed, the first five segments very short, the last broad,
transverse. First (inner) pair of antennae shorter than the
second, with the bases in contact, first two or three joints dilated
and flattened. Femoral joints of the last four pairs moderately
thickened and dilated. Caudal appendages small. \M.~]

486. Ceratothoa trigonocephala.

Cymothoa trigonocepliala, Leach, Diet, des Sc. Nat., tome xii.,
p. 353 ; Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des Crust., t. iii., p. 272
(1840) ; Cr. M.Thomson, Trans. N. Z. Institute, Vol. xi., p. 233;
Heller, Beise der Novara, Crust., p. 148.

Head small, triangular, having the antero-lateral borders very
concave, below the antenna?, and the front narrow but obtuse
and a little more prominent than the base of the internal
antenna?. Eyes very distinct. Anterior border of the first
thoracic ring advancing slightly on the head in an angular form,
so as to form a tooth on the middle line ; antero-lateral prolon-
gations of moderate length, narrowed in front, but rounded and
not reaching the level of the base of the external antenna1.
Length about 20 lines. \_M.-E.~]

Australia. Eound also on the coasts of China and New
Zealand.

Sub-Family (Er/athoines.

Caudal appendages ciliated. Abdomen multi-articulate, the
segments free.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 283

Genus Codonophilus, Haswell.
Body slightly convex, abdomen markedly narrower than the
thorax, with six free articulations ; terminal segment lamellar ;
epimera distinct though small ; head rather narrower than the
first segment of the thorax. Eyes very large ; antenna? sub-equal,
stout, inserted under the head. Mandibles with elongate palpi.
Maxillipedes small, operculiform, three jointed. Thoracic limbs
all anchor-like, with long dactyla. Posterior abdominal appen-
dages free, uniramous.

4S7. Codonophilus argus.

Codonophilus argus, Haswell, 1. c, p. 471, pi. xvi., fig. 1.

Eyes very large, extending on the under surface of the head.
Thoracic appendages sub-equal, all with much elongate, curved
and pointed dactyli. Ramus of abdominal appendages falciform
with a few scattered cilia. Terminal segment scale-like, acuminate.
Length -A- in.

"!-i

Found under the bell of a RMzostoma in Port Jackson.

This species approaches JEcjatlwa, Dana, in many respects ; but
differs from it in the sudden narrowing of the body at the
commencement of the abdomen, and the uniramous character of
the caudal appendages.

Sub-Family Ourozeuktince.
Last segment of the abdomen transverse, the rest coalescent.

Genus Ourozeuktes, Milne-Edw.

Body broad, depressed, oval. Head small, received into an
excavation in the first segment of the thorax. Antennae short
and conical. First pair of abdominal appendages very large,
covering the whole of the following pairs, and also folding round
on each side to cover the lateral portions of the abdominal
segments.

488. Ourozeuktes Owenii. A.M.

Ourozeuktes Owenii, M.-Edw., 1. c, t. iii., p. 276, pi. xxxiii.,
fig. 8 ; Heller, Reise der Novara, Crustacea, p. 148.

Head very small ; front trilobed ; eyes circular and lateral,
Thorax very broad (the fourth segment having more than six

284 AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

times the breadth of the head. Abdomen terminated by a large
foliaeeous plate which is rounded posteriorly. Legs of the four
first pairs slender, those of the three last pairs very broad, having
the basos very broad and flattened, and the anterior border of
the ischium prolonged in the form of an oval plate. Length
nearly 2 in. [M.-lSdw.']

Sydney (Heller).

489. Ourozeuktes sp. ? A.M.

In the Australian Museum collection are two specimens of
a species of Ourozeuktes, which differs so remarkably from
Milne-Edwards' figure of the preceding species, that they are
probably distinct. The outline of the body is not oval but
broad in front and narrowing gradually behind, and the abdomen
is about one and a half times as long as broad, and narrowing
considerably posteriorly. I put it down provisionally under a
new name — Ourozeuktes pyriformis.

Family uEGIDjF.

Body oval and convex. Epimera conspicuous. Abdomen
4-(> jointed. Antenna? inserted on the margin of the front.
Maxillipedes elongate, 4-6 jointed, all the joints lamellate, the
terminal ones broad and short. Three anterior pairs of feet
sometimes terminating in a long curved claw or peduncle, often
simply unguiculate ; four posterior pairs never provided with
long curved dactyli.

Sub-Family JEyince.

Three anterior pairs of legs with long strong curved dactyli ;
the remainder with the dactyli small.

Genus tEga, Leach.

Body oval and convex. Eyes large. Front not prominent.
External antenna? separated from each other by a process of the
epistome. Internal antenna? approximated at base, very short,
with the basal joints broad and flattened, occupying the front
margin of the head. Caudal appendages flattened, reaching
about to the extremity of the terminal segment.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 285

490. JEga. cyclops.

JEga cyclops, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. vi., p. 11.

Surface finely punctured. Breadth about two-fifths of total
length. Segments of the thorax subequal, epimera of last five
produced behind to a point. Abdomen little narrower than the
thorax. Terminal abdominal segment sub-triangular — the apex
rounded. Eyes confluent, occupying nearly all the upper surface
of the head. Uropoda with the outer ramus smaller than
the inner, narrow, ovate-acute ; the inner broad and obliquely
truncate ; an acute triangular process arising from the peduncle
extends beyond the middle of the inner rami. Length tV in.

Port Jackson.

Genus Bocinela, Leach.
Like Mgci, but with the eyes larger, meeting or almost meeting.

491. Rocinela vigilans. A.M.

EocineJa vigilans, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. v.,
p. 472, pi. xvi., fig. 2.

Posterior thoracic segments broader than the anterior; epimera
produced behind to an acute point. Terminal segment shield-like,
smooth, margins entire, ciliated. Eye occupying all the upper
surface of the head, and extending on its under surface on either
side nearly to the margins of the buccal orifice. Antennae
separated at the base by a short frontal process ; the superior
about half the length of the inferior, the two basal segments of
its peduncle together equal in length to the third segment ; the
flagellum longer than the peduncle, composed of about fifteen
articuli ; inferior pair with the flagellum more than twice the
length of the peduncle. Maxillipedes with the terminal joints
plate-like, a strong spine at the internal and distal angle of the
first. Posterior thoracic limbs rather longer than the anterior
pairs ; femora long-ovate ; dactyla rather short. Kami of caudal
appendages unequal, the inner longer and broader than the outer;
both ovate, obtusely pointed, ciliated on the margins. Length
1 in.

Holborn Island, near Port Denison, twenty fathoms.

286 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

Sub- Family Cirolanince.
All the legs with small dactyli.

Genus Cirolana, Leach.

Convex, rather narrow, ohlong-ovate. Eyes small, granulated.
Internal antennae very short. External antennas long, inserted
beneath the others, separated at the base by a narrow process of
the epistome. Abdomen rather short, six- jointed.

492. Cirolana lata. A.M.

Cirolana lata, Haswell, 1. c., Vol. vi., p. 12, pi. iv., fig. 1.

Surface finely punctured. Greatest breadth about half the
total length. Head received into a depression in the anterior
border of the first segment of the thorax. First segment of the
thorax as long as the two following segments ; posterior segments
all short ; epimera of last four produced backwards to an acute
angle. Abdomen much narrower than thorax. Terminal segment
triangular, sub-acute. Legs thick and very spinosc. Outer
ramus of caudal appendages much narrower than the inner, but
of about equal length, sub-acute ; inner slightly sigmoid, sub-
acute, armed with a tooth on its inner edge ; basal spine narrow,
acute, about half the length of the inner ramus. Length f in.

Off Broughton Islands, near Port Stephens, dredged in about
twenty- five fathoms.

Family SPHJEROMID^E.

Body usually oblong-oval, convex. Epimera not distinct.
Abdomen 1-2 jointed. Antennae inserted on the front margin
of the head. Maxillipedes elongated, 5-G jointed and usually
palpiform. Legs usually all with short dactyli, rarely with the
dactyli of the two anterior pairs long and curved. Inner ramus
of the caudal appendages immobile, or sometimes obsolete.

Sub-Family Splicerominae.

None of the legs with long dactyli. External ramus of the
caudal appendages capable of being concealed under the internal
ramus.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 2S7

G-enus SpniEROMA, Latr.

Body oblong- oval, convex. Head broad. First segment of
the body the largest, the rest subequal, marked on the sides with
an oblique line indicating the coxa? ; seventh segment without a
dorsal spine. Terminal segment of the abdomen large, convex,
rounded and entire at its extremity. Antennae separated at the
base by a small frontal process, the inner very broad at the base,
the outer longer. Rami of the caudal appendages oval, lamellate,
sub-equal. [Jf.]

493. Sphseroma gigas.

Sphceroma gigas, Leach., Diet, des Sci. Nat., t. xii., p. 346 ;
Desmarest, Cons., p. 301 ; Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des Crust.,
t. iii., p. 205 ; Miers, Cat. Crust, N.Z., p. 110.

Broad oblong-oval, slightly and regularly convex, nearly
smooth. Head small, transverse-oblong, anterior margin with a
very small lobe between the enlarged bases of the superior
antennae. First segment of the body rather the longest, the rest
short, subequal, slightly tending backward on the sides and with
the inf ero-posterior angle sub-acute. Inferior lateral margins of
all the segments grooved. Abdomen two- jointed, the terminal
joint large, convex, smooth, sub-triangular, rounded at the
posterior extremity. Kami of the caudal appendages narrow-
oval, rounded at the extremity. Colour light brown, margins of
segments yellowish. Length nearly 1 in.

Australia. Found also in New Zealand, at the Falkland
Islands, and Cape Horn.

494. Sphseroma Quoyana.

Splusroma Quoyana, Milne-Edw., Hist. Nat., t. iii., p. 206 ;
Heller, Eeise der Novara, Crust., p. 137.

Body slightly granular. Last segment of the abdomen orna-
mented above with two longitudinal rows of four or five small
tubercles, and with a thick obtuse transverse crest situated above
its posterior extremity which is rounded. Rami of the caudal
appendages small, pointed and granulated, the external ramus
obscurely toothed on the external border. Length about 6 lines.
[M.-U.~]

Tasmania ; Sydney. I have not seen any specimens of this
or the following species.

288 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTBACA.

495. Sphaeroma verrucauda.

Sphceroma verrucauda, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 102 (1847) ;
Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., Crust., ii., p. 779, pi. Hi., fig. 6
(1853) ; Miers, Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. Ill (1876).

Oblong-oval, convex, somewhat tomentose. Head very broad,
transverse, with a small median frontal lobe between the bases
of the antenna? as in S. gigas. Segments of the body short,
faintly rugose on the sides. Abdomen very broad, finely
granulous ; terminal segment with the sides convergent, straight,
truncate posteriorly, with three short longitudinal lines of large
granules on its upper surface. Caudal appendages short, rami
subequal, acute, the outer ramus serrated on its outer margin.
Length about 1 in. [M.]

Port Jackson ; Hobson's Bay. Found also in New Zealand.

49G. Sphseroma (?) anomala. A-M.

Sphceroma (?) anomala, Haswell, 1. c, p. 473, pi. xvi., fig. 4.

Body smooth, strongly convex, frontal region prominent ; last
segment of the thorax longer than the preceding five, produced
in the middle line behind to an obtuse angle ; first abdominal
segment with a broad, shallow excavation in its posterior border,
defined on cither side by a minute spinous process. Last
abdominal segment with a transverse row of one central, larger,
and two lateral, smaller tubercles ; apex sub-acute, armed below
on either side with a minute acute process. Rami of abdominal
appendages ovate, sub-acute. Length vV in.

Port Jackson.

This species approaches Isocladus in the form of the last
segment of the thorax, and Cgmodocea in that of the last
segment of the abdomen.

jt>x

497. Sphseroma laevis.

Sphceroma Icevis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 473, pi. xvi., fig. 5.

Thorax nearly as broad as long, the first segment longer than
the others, all the segments grooved and bent slightly backwards
laterally — the lateral and posterior extremities of the segments
sub-acute. Terminal segment of the abdomen smooth, convex,
rounded distally. Caudal appendages narrow-lanceolate, blunt.
Length yV in.

Bondi, near Sydney, on sandy beach.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 289

498. Sphaeroma aspera.

Sphceroma aspera, Haswell, 1. c, p. 472, pi. xvi., fig. 3.

Body covered with larger and smaller granules. Head
transverse, rounded in front, with a narrow lobe between the
bases of the antenna? ; first segment of the thorax as broad as
the four following; a slight depressed line marking off the
epimera. First segment of the abdomen with distinct lines
marking the position of the coalesced segments, a prominent
tubercle on the posterior margin on either side of the middle
line. Last abdominal segment sub-triangular in contour, dilated
anteriorly and ornamented with two slightly convergent irregular
rows of minute tubercles ; the apex rounded, with a rectangular
notch on either side near the extremity. Caudal appendages
with the rami rather unequal, the outer the smaller, both broad,
sub-acute. Inner antenna? very broad at the base ; flagellum
with twelve segments. Outer antenna? equalling the inner in
length ; flagellum with eight segments. Length ^ in.

Port Jackson.

G-enus Cymodocea, Leach.

Moderately convex, slightly widening posteriorly. Head
transverse, with a small median frontal lobe. Eyes small, lateral,
situated on a lobe which is received into a corresponding exca-
vation in the front margin of the first thoracic segment. Seg-
ments of the thorax short. Abdomen two- jointed ; terminal
segment tuberculate or rugose above, posterior margin notched
with a median lobe in the centre of the notch. Caudal appen-
dages thick, usually short; rami equal, or rather unequal. \_M.~]

499. Cymodocea granulata.

Cymodocea grcmwlata, Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (Ser. 4),
xvii., p. 229 (i87G) ; Cat. Crust. N.Z., p. 114, pi. iii., fig. 5.

Moderately convex, nearly smooth. Head small ; frontal lobe
very small, obtuse. Lateral margins of the segments of the
thorax all with a narrow marginal line, with the postero-lateral
angles acute. Antero-lateral lobe of the first segment of the
thorax narrow-triangulate, acute, produced forward beneath and
beyond the eyes. Postero-lateral lobe of the last segment of
the thorax produced backward, and terminating in a short spine

200 ATTSTEALIAN MALA.COSTRACA.

curved upwards ; posterior margin of the segment nearly straight.
Last segment of the abdomen broad, convex, granulous and
slightly hairy, with a slight, more distinctly granulous elevation
on its upper surface near the base, emargination quadrangular
with the median lobe narrow. Rami of caudal appendages
unequal, the inner not quite reaching to the extremity of the
segment, broad, truncate at the end, the outer nearly as long
again, narrowing to the extremity which is acute. Upper
antenna? much enlarged at base, the second joint received into
an emargination of the first joint. Length about \ in. [M.~\

Flinders' Island; also Tasmania. Pound also in New Zealand.

500. Cymodocea (?) Gaimardii.

Sphceroma Gaimardii, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. iii.,
p. 200.

Body smooth. Head extremely convex and recurved down-
wards. Marginal crest of the front scarcely distinct. Last
segment of the abdomen regularly convex, and terminated by
three teeth nearly of the same thickness and reaching the same
transverse plane. Rami of the caudal appendages obtuse, with
the borders smooth, very short (not nearly reaching as far as
the posterior extremity of the body.) Length about an inch.

Australia.

Three specimens marked "Tasmania, Dr. Gr. F. Storey," in the
collection of the Australian Museum, may belong to this species,
which differs from the ordinary examples of Cymodocea in having
the terminal abdominal segment smooth. The mesial tooth which
is broad and obtuse projects decidedly beyond the angles of the
notch (lateral teeth in Milne-Edwards' description).

501. Cyniodocea pubescens. A.M.

Spliceroma pubescens, M.-Edw., Hist. Nat. Crust., t. iii., p. 200.

Ci/modocea pubescens, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. v., p. 173, pi. xvii., fig. 1 (1881).

Strongly convex, tomentose. Frontal lobe obtuse. Antero-
lateral angle of the first thoracic segment produced below the eye
into a triangular acute lobe; postero-lateral angle similiarly
produced, rounded. Lateral angles of the following segments of

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 291

the thorax produced, curved backwards, sub-acute. Penultimate
segment of the abdomen produced behind into a rounded tubercle I
a pair of sub-conical elevations on the last segment of the
abdomen ; notch very shallow, quadrangular ; lobe pointed.
Rami of caudal appendages rather unequal, both extending
beyond the extremity of the segment, the outer the longer, the
apes acute, curved outwards, the outer border with a conical
tooth ; the inner sub-acute. Basal joint of superior antennae
very broad, notched distally for the reception of the second joint.
Flagellum of inner antenna? with twenty-seven articuli ; that of
the outer pair with twenty-one. Length of longest specimen
1 in.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

502. Cymodocea aculeata. A.M.
Cymodocea aculeata, Haswell, 1. c, p. 471, pi. xvi., fig. G.
Body strongly convex, finely granular. First segment of the

thorax twice as broad as the rest. Last segment of the abdomen
with two prominent tubercles situated near the middle line, and
two smaller ones external to them. Terminal notch very deep,
quadrangular, the lateral processes triangular, central process
very prominent, projecting slightly beyond the extremity of the
lateral. Inner antennae with the basal joints very broad and
compressed, flagellum with twenty-two or twenty-five articuli.
Outer antennae rather longer than the superior pair ; flagellum
with about fourteen to sixteen articuli. Rami of caudal appen-
dages sub-equal, outer ramus sub-ovate, with the outer border
straight, the inner convex ; inner ramus oblong, emarginate.
Length A in.
Port Jackson.

503. Cymodocea bidentata. A.M.

Cymodocea bidentata, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. vi., p. 8.

Body clothed with slender hairs which are scanty on the
anterior thoracic segments, but longer (some about one-sixteenth
of an inch) and more abundant on the abdomen and uropoda.
Head strongly convex, smooth. Pirst segment of the thorax
longer than the two following together, ornamented with faint
longitudinal lines of minute granules ; lateral border strongly

202 ATTSTKALIAN MALA.COSTKACA.

ridged ; anterolateral angle aente, postero-lateral rather blunt.
Following thoracic segments more or less distinctly granular.
First abdominal segment distinctly granular, produced backwards
towards the middle dorsal line, with a short thick process on
either side. Terminal segment with two large tubercles near the
middle, and a transverse line of three more near the distal
border. Terminal notch wide, the median process prominent,
broad, rounded at the extremity. Basal joints of the inner
antennae oblong, granular, separated by an acute frontal process ;
second joint small ; flagellum about equalling the peduncle in
length. Outer antenna? longer than the inner. Inner ramus of
the uropoda longer than the outer, obliquely truncate, each
terminating in a small acute spine. Length f in.

Griffiths' Point, Victoria.

This species bears some resemblance to G. Latreillii, of Leach,
but the blunt form of the terminal lobe, as well as the shape of
the uropoda, etc., sufficiently distinguishes it.

504. Cymodocea coronata. A.M.
Gijmodocea coronata, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. vi., p. 10.

Head and thorax as in C. hidentata, but with the hairs shorter.
Abdomen rather depressed, covered with short hairs, ornamented
with six small pointed tubercles arranged in a circle — -two near
the posterior border of the first segment, the rest on the second.
Terminal notch very wide — nearly a third of the breadth of the
abdomen ; mesial lobe very large, dilated at its base, but narrow-
ing towards its apex which is blunt. Mobile ramus of uropoda
much shorter than the immobile *amus, sub-falciform, truncate.
Inner ramus very long, extending far beyond the extremity of
the abdomen, long-ovate, apex rounded. Length -k in.

Griffiths' Point, Victoria.

An ally of C. aculeata, mihi, but distinguished, besides other
points, by the greater relative shortness of the mesial lobe and
the smallness of the mobile ramus of the uropoda.

505. Cymodocea tuberculata. A.M.
Cymodocea tuberculata, Haswell, 1. c., p. 10, pi. hi., fig. 8.
Greatest breadth exactly half the total length. Head and first

segment of body smooth — the latter equalling in length the three

AUSTRALIAN" MALACOSTBACA. 293

following segments together. Last six segments of the thorax
each ornamented with a regularly arranged row of tubercles —
their epimeral portion clothed with a long pubescence. First
segment of the abdomen with two short triangular processes
projecting backwards from its posterior border, separated from
one another by an interval equal to a fifth of the breadth of the
segment ; on either side of this another, less prominent, tooth.
Last segment with two compressed, irregular elevations near its
proximal end, each formed by a cluster of five teeth ; rest of the
surface smooth. Lateral angles of the notch prominent, acute,
projecting beyond the extremity of the mesial lobe, which fills up
all the notch and is cemented to its borders except at the apex,
which is rounded. Outer ramus of the uropoda very broad,
spoon-shaped, closely fringed with hairs, inner narrower and
shorter, but projecting a little beyond the angles of the notch.
Length about f in.

Port Stephens. Five fathoms.

Genus Ceeceis, Milne-Edwards.

Allied to Spliceroma and Gijmodocea, but with the body longer
in proportion to its breadth, the head more elongated and of a
subtriangular shape, and the basal joints of the inner antenmc
longer.

506. Cerceis tridentata.

Cerceis tridentata, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. hi.,
p. 221.

Head very much narrowed in front. Last joint of the
abdomen convex, covered with a light down, almost triangular
and terminated by three closely approximated teeth, the middle
one of which is the shortest. Caudal appendages habitually
exserted on each side, but capable of being retracted ; the inner
ramus transversely truncated at the end, the external much longer
and pointed. [M.-U.]

King Island (Mus. Paris).

507. Cerceis bidentata.

Cerceis bidentata, Milne-Edwards, 1. c.

Head broader anteriorly. Last joint of the abdomen smooth,
eonvex, presenting above two small bosses, and terminating in

291 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

two teeth separated by a deep, broad and semi- circular excavation.
Kami of the caudal appendages foliaceous and each ending in a
point, the external a little longer than the internal. Length
about 4 lines. [M.-E.~\

Australia (Mus. Paris).

508. Cerceis acuticaudata. A.M.

Sphaeroma ? acuticaudata, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. vi., p. 11., pi. iii.,
fig. 9.

Greatest breadth of body about two-thirds of the total length.
Head broader than long, bordered anteriorly and laterally by a
thickened margin which is continuous with the eye ; an obscure,
mesial, longitudinal carina on the anterior half, and a mumber of
smooth, flattened tubercles. Surface of the thoracic segments
smooth, each bordered with short hairs ; first segment not so long
as the two following taken together ; lateral borders of thoracic
segments carinate ; the postero-lateral angles acute. Last segment
of the abdomen slightly dilated — an acute spine about its centre,
below which is a transverse band of short hairs ; a deep, rounded,
median posterior notch, with prominent acute angles. Basal
joint of internal antennae much compressed, not much longer than
broad, separated from its fellow by a small rounded frontal lobe ;
second joint sub-triangular, more than half the length of the first ;
third about half the length of the second and slender; flagellum
rather shorter than the peduncle. Outer antenna? more than
half the length of the body ; terminal joint of the peduncle longer
than the rest. Outer ramus of uropoda longer than the inner,
projecting far beyond the extremity of the abdomen, lanceolate-
acute, with an acute tooth on its inner border. Inner ramus
extending slightly beyond the extremity of the abdomen,
acuminate. Length f in.

Griffiths' Point; Port Philip.

This species is certainly a Cerceis, and is evidently a close ally
of C. bidentata, from which it differs in having a mesial spine in
place of two small bosses on the upper surface of the last
segment of the abdomen. Sphceroma oricntaJia of Dana is like-
wise nearly related.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 295

509. Cerceis trispinosa. A.M.

Cymodocea trispinosa, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. vi., p. 9, pi. iii.,
fig. 7.

Surface nearly smooth. Greatest breadth nearly half the
length. First segment of the thorax scarcely so long as the
second and third together. Outer border of all the thoracic
segments ridged ; epimeron of last segment produced backwards
into an uncinate process. First abdominal segment short, with
the divisional lines distinct ; its posterior border with a wide
shallow excavation bounded on either side by a rounded tooth
with an obscure denticle internal to it. Last abdominal segment
granular and hairy, with a low elevation about its middle.
Posterior notch deep, its angles produced and acute, a little more
prominent than the mesial lobe, which is conical and acute.
Outer ramus of uropoda longer than the inner, ovate-lanceolate,
acute, inner extending beyond the extremity of the abdomen,
acuminate. Colour uniform light red. Length TV in.

Griffiths' Point, Victoria.

This species seems to be intermediate between Cymoilocea and
Cerceis. In the form of the abdomen and caudal appendages it
agrees well with Milne-Edwards' description of G. tridentata,
but the head is certainly not "tres retreci en avant," and
Milne-Edwards' species does not appear to possess the curious
lateral processes on the last segment of the thorax.

Genus Cilicgsa, Leach.

General form of the body as in Cymoclocea. First segment of
the abdomen produced behind into a longer or shorter mesial
process.

510. Ciliccea tenuicaudata. A.M.

Cilicoea tenuicaudata, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. v., p. 475, pi. xvii ,
fig. 2.

Surface obscurely granular. Postero-lateral angles of the
segments of the thorax sub-acute. Penultimate abdominal
segment obscurely tubercular ; median spine very long, extending
far beyond the extremity of the abdomen, narrow, blade-like,
bifurcate at the tip. Last segment of the abdomen with two
rounded mammiform elevations ; a deep mesial excavation at its

296 AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRACA.

posterior extremity. Peduncle of caudal appendages with a short
spine representing the internal ramus ; outer ramus ciliate,
narrow, slightly curved backwards, extending rather beyond the
extremity of the mesial spine, bifurcate at the tip. Plagella of
antennae each with about ten articuli. Length vV in.

Port Jackson.

511. Cilicoea crassicaudata.

Cilicoea crassicaudata, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. v., p. 475, pi. xvii.,
fig. 3.

Surface finely granular. Postero-lateral angles of the thoracic
segments blunt. Penultimate segment of the abdomen slightly
swollen ; median spine rather short, not extending beyond the
middle of the uropoda, thick, clothed with short cilia, apex entire,
blunt. Last segment of the abdomen with two mammiform
elevations ; its posterior extremity deeply notched ; notch with a
low mesial lobe. Basal segment of the caudal appendages with a
blunt process on its inner border ; mobile ramus sub-cylindrical,
ciliated, curved inwards, extending beyond the extremity of the
median spine,, apex rounded, entire ; immobile ramus rudimentary.
Length \ in.

Holborn Istand, 20 fathoms.

512. Cilicoea hystrix. A.M.
Cilicoea Jii/stris, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. vi., p. 3, pi. iii., fig. 1.

Head and body armed above with numerous slender, needle-
like spines. Head short and broad, armed anteriorly with close-
set, short, delicate spines, and with a pair of thicker bifurcate
horns, directed upwards, forwards, and outwards near the posterior
margin. Pirst segment of the thorax with a similar pair of
bifurcate horns, its lateral border prominent, tridentate ; follow-
ing segments short, each with a single transverse row of slender
spines, the lateral angles very acute — that of the fifth segment
bifurcate. Pirst abdominal segment with two prominent spines
on its proximal dilated portion — the posterior process extending
nearly as far as the extremity of the abdomen, forked at the tip.
Last segment with two rounded elevations, each armed with

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA. 297

several spines, with a deep, rounded terminal notch, immediately
above which is a prominent spine. Eyes large and prominent ;
antenna? subequal, nearly one- third of the length of the body.
Mobile ramus of uropoda bifurcate, the outer branch short, tooth-
like, the inner long, slender, spiniform ; immobile ramus broad
proximally, but slender and spiniform distally, its outer border
armed with two acute teeth, its inner with one. Length f in.

Port Stephens — five fathoms.

513. Ciliccea spinulosa. A.M.

Cilicoea spinulosa, Haswell, 1. c, p. 4, pi. in., fig. 3.

Head large and dilated, covered with rounded and pointed
tubercles. First segment of the thorax much broader than the
rest, armed with a number of short blunt spinules, and with a
prominent bifid tubercle on either side ; its lateral process
obscurely bilobed. Following segments each armed with a row
of short spinules, which are more numerous and smaller on the last
three segments ; epimeral processes prominent, subacute, except
that of the fifth, which is emarginate. First segment of the
abdomen ornamented at the base with a double transverse row of
tubercles ; posterior process finely granular, sub-cylindrical,
slightly enlarged or bifid at the apex, extending far beyond the
extremity of the abdomen, but not so far as the extremity of the
uropoda. Terminal segment having its lateral dilatation armed
with two short thick spinules ; terminal notch deep. Antenna)
sub-equal, about one-third of the length of the body. Uropoda
with the movable ramus slender, bifurcate, the outer branch
short, tooth-like, the inner longer, slightly curved outwards, sub-
acute ; immobile ramus a little longer than the mobile ramus,
broad at base, but tapering to the apex, which, is curved outwards
and acute. Length | in.

Port Stephens and Port Jackson.

A near ally of the preceding species. Specimens from the
same localities which are probably the females of this species
(Plate iii., fig. 2) or of C. hystrix arc distinguished by having all
the spines of the body replaced by tubercles, by wanting the
posterior process of the first abdominal segment, and by having
the rami of the uropoda smaller.

298 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

514. Ciliccea curtispina. A.M.
Gilicoea curtispina, Haswell, 1. c, p. 5, pi. iii., fig. 4.

Surface smooth. Head large, strongly arched. First and
fourth segments of the thorax much broader than the others ;
epimera very distinct — their outer borders carinated. First
segment of the abdomen finely granular, marked laterally with
three depressed divisional lines, with two teeth on either side on
its posterior border ; posterior process short, blunt, rounded.
Terminal segment having the lateral elevations pointed ; terminal
notch concealed from above by a prominent trilobed process the
middle lobe of which is the largest. Internal antenna; separated
by a tolerably large lobe ; basal segment of the peduncle very
large, more than half the length of the head, not much dilated,
armed distally and internally with a blunt tooth ; second segment
scarcely half the length of the first, armed terminally with three
small teeth ; third segment very small ; flagellum much shorter
than peduncle. Outer antenna? more than a third of the length
of the body ; last segment of the peduncle the largest ; flagellum
longer than peduncle. Mobile ramus of uropoda stout, truncate,
armed with two acute teeth at its extremity and one about the
middle of its outer border. Inner ramus very short, closely
applied to the border of the terminal segment, ending in two
sub-acute teeth. Length about \ an inch.

Port Philip.

515. Ciliccea crassa. A.M.

Ciliccea crassa, Haswell, 1. c, p. 5.

Surface covered with rounded granules and a short pubescence.
First segment of the thorax as long as the two following ; lateral
angles of the thoracic segments rather prominent, sub-acute.
Process of first abdominal segment very thick, closely applied
and cemented to the surface of the last segment, extending beyond
the apex of the latter and ending in a broad, bifid extremity. Last
segment of the abdomen with two conical elevations ; terminal
notch wide ; mesial lobe triangular, acute. Immobile ramus of
uropoda rudimentary, mobile ramus notched externally towards
the apex, and with a low blunt tooth on the inner border. Colour

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 299

light brown, with many of the granules and a line bordering the
process of the first abdominal segment bright crimson. Length
1 in.

Port Jackson.

G-enus Zuzara, Leach.

General form of the body as in Cymodocca. Last segment of
the thorax produced in the male into a mesial process. Kami of
caudal appendages large.

516. Zuzara diadema.

Zuzara diadema, Leach., Diet, des Sci. JN"at., t. xii., p. 511 ;
Desmarest, Cons., p. 299 ; Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust.,
t. iii., p. 212.

Body smooth. Prolongation of the last thoracic segment
dilated in the form of a diadem. Outer ramus of the caudal
appendages ending gradually in a rounded point. [Leach. ~]

Australia.

I have seen no specimens of this or the following species.

517. Zuzara armata.

Cymodocea armata, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., t. iii.,
]». 215, pi. xxxi., fig. 16 (1810).

(Seventh segment of the thorax very large and prolonged above
the abdomen in the form of a conical tooth. Mesial tooth of
the last segment of the abdomen prominent and bifid ; external
ramus of the caudal appendages smaller than the internal.
Length 3 lines. [M.-E."\

Seas of Australia.

518. Zuzara integra. A.M.
Zuzara Integra, Haswell, 1. c., p. 6, pi. iii., fig. G.

Male. — Surface nearly smooth. Body slightly depressed,
increasing a little in breadth posteriorly, greatest breadth about
half the total length. Head moderately convex, with a few flat
granulations. Eirst segment of the thorax nearly as broad as the
two following ; all the segments of the thorax sometimes marked
laterally with a series of faint longitudinal impressed lines,
sometimes completely smooth. Epimera very distinct, their lateral
angles produced, sub-acute, that of the penultimate segment much

300 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

produced backwards. Last segment of the thorax produced in
the middle line behind into a rather slender process, which is
about equal in length to the three preceding segments, sub-
cylindrical, but depressed dorso-ventrally, not dilated at the apex,
which is truncate. First segment of the abdomen short, with
well-marked divisional lines. Last segment convex, marked in
the middle line near the proximal border with a faint key-hole-
shaped depression, surrounded by a very obscure, granular
elevation ; terminal notch with a prominent narrow, clavate,
mesial process. Inner antennae separated at the base by a very
small frontal process ; basal segment of peduncle broad ; second
shorter and narrower ; third slender, cylindrical, longer than the
second, but not quite so long as the first and second together ;
flagellum rather longer than the peduncle. Outer antennae with
the peduncle stout, last joint the longest; flagellum nearly twice
as long as the peduncle. Rami of the uropoda thin and leaf-
like, immobile ramus falciform with a truncate apex ; mobile
ramus ovate-lanceolate in outline, concave upwards, with a raised
margin, much longer than the inner, and extending far beyond
the extremity of the abdomen.

Female. — Differs from the male mainly (1) in wanting the
posterior prolongation of the last thoracic segment, (2) in the
absence of the terminal notch, (3) in the smaller size of the
uropoda, the rami of which are nearly equal, the mobile ramus
being capable of being entirely concealed under the inner.

A common species in Port Philip ; also found in Tasmania.

I have placed this and the following species in the same genus
with Zuzara diadema and Z. semi-punctata of Leach,* all three
being characterised by the prolongation backwards of the last
segment of the thorax in the male, and by the possession of a
posterior mesial notch occupied by a slight median process. Both
Z. integra and Z. emarginata have the outer ramus of the uropoda
capable of folding underneath the inner. The present species
differs from Z. semi-punctata in the process of the last thoracic
segment not being graimlous at the base or punctated above, and
in having the outer ramus of the uropoda truncate instead of
pointed. From Z. diadema it differs in not having the process of
the last thoracic segment terminally dilated.

* DicLionuaire des Suieuccs Naturelles, tome xii., p. 344.

AUSTRALIAN HALACOSTRACA. 301

519. Zuzara emarginata. A.M.

Zuzara emarginata, Haswell, 1. c, p. 7, pi. iii., fig. 5.

Surface nearly smooth, very finely punctate. Head rather
prominent, narrowing gradually towards the front. Pirst segment
of the thorax not quite so long as the two following taken together ;
sixth segment as long as the first ; seventh segment very large,
nearly concealing the abdomen ; median posterior process very
long, extending far beyond the extremity of the abdomen, slightly
curved downwards, emarginate at apex — a prominent, acute tooth
on either side of the segment near the base of the process. Last
segment of the abdomen with a rounded swelling on either side.
Terminal notch deep — about one-sixth of the width of the
abdomen ; mesial lobe very prominent, extending beyond the
boundaries of the notch, truncate and faintly emarginate. Basal
joint of the internal antennae very large, notch for second joint
wide, with a prominent tooth on either side ; third joint slender,
not longer than the second, flagellum shorter than the peduncle.
Outer antenna} much longer than the inner, more than a third of
the length of the body, fourth and fifth segments of the peduncle
subequal, flagellum longer than the peduncle. Outer ramus of
uropoda subovate — the outer border nearly straight, the inner
convex, the apex subacute ; inner ramus of about the same length
as the outer, bent directly backwards about the middle of its
length, apex subacute ; both rami fringed with hair. Colour
light red with darker spots on the thorax. Length ^ in.

The females and young males have the seventh thoracic
segment small, the posterior process short or absent, the mesial
lobe less prominent, and the uropoda relatively smaller.

Griffiths' Point, Western Port.

This species is apparently a tolerably near ally of Ci/modocea
armata of Milne-Edwards, but in the latter species the posterior
prolongation of the seventh thoracic segment is described and
figured as conical, and the posterior lobe as bifid.

Genus Calyptttra, Haswell.

General form of the body as in Ci/modocea. Last segment of
the thorax produced behind into a broad plate, covering the
abdomen.

302 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

520. Calyptura carnea. A.M.
Calyptwa carnea, Haswell, 1. c, p. 47G, pi. xvii., fig. 4.
Moderately convex, granulated. Head of moderate size, rather

broader than long ; eyes oval, received into a notch in the anterior
border of the first segment of the thorax. First segment of the
thorax broader than the succeeding five ; lateral angles blunt.
Last segment of the thorax produced into a broad shield extend-
ing beyond and concealing the abdomen, narrowing behind to a
blunt apex, convex anteriorly, nearly flat in its posterior half,
but with a slight median longitudinal ridge. Abdomen short,
bisegmented, concealed by the last thoracic segment ; last segment
with a quadrangular median posterior notch, in the centre of which
is a squarish lobe. Caudal appendages extending slightly beyond
the extremity of the last thoracic segment ; rami subequal, ciliated
on the edges, the inner the longer, truncate, with an angular
tooth on its inner border ; outer ovate, pointed, the extremity
slightly curved outwards. Inner antennae broad at the base,
separated by a small frontal lobe, flagellum of eleven or twelve
articuli. Outer antenna? longer than the inner, flagellum of
fourteen or fifteen articuli. Colour crimson. Length \ in.
Port Jackson ; Port Stephens.

Genus Amphoroidea, Milne-Edwards.

Body convex. Head quadrilateral, broader than long. Last
segment of the abdomen and caudal appendages as in Spliceromrt.
Basal joints of the inner antenna? expanded into a broad plate.

521. Amphoroidea australiensis.

Amphoroidea australiensis, Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped., Crust.,
Vol. ii., p. 785, pi. lii., fig. 11.

Near A. tj/pica. The lamellar basal joint of the anterior
antenna? sparingly oblong, the apical margin arcuate, the outer
angle rounded. Flagellum of inferior antenna? 20- jointed.
Abdomen emarginatc behind, the emargination triangular ;
antero-lateral margin of last segment a little sinuous in outline.
Caudal appendages extending somewhat beyond line of extremity
of abdomen ; inner lamella straight truncate ; outer acuminate,
narrower than the same lamella in the typica. [_D.]

New South Wales.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 303

Tribe ANISOPODA.

Body sub-cylindrical or dorso-ventrally compressed. The
thoracic legs consisting of an anterior series of four and a
posterior of three pairs. Segments of the abdomen, except the
last, usually short, sometimes more or less coalescent. Abdo-
minal appendages of the first five pairs foliaceous and branchial ;
those of the last pair operculiform, lamellate, styliform or obso-
lete. Terminal segment usually large, destitute of appendages.

Sub-Tribe Arctitridea.

Posterior pair of abdominal appendages operculiform, covering
the branchial laminae.

Family ABCTUBID2E.

Sub-Family Arcturintp.

Abdominal opercula closely appressed to the ventral surface
of the abdomen.

G-enus Arcturus, Latr.

Body sub-cylindrical. Segments of the thorax usually more
or less tuberculated, sometimes sub-equal, sometimes with the
fourth very long. External antenna? large, with a stout peduncle
and a flagellum of few or many articuli.

522. Arcturus longicornis. A.M.

Arcturus hngicomis, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. vi., p. 194.

None of the segments of the thorax greatty elongated. Head
broader than long, longer than the first segment of the thorax ;
frontal border deeply concave. A pair of pointed spinous tubercles
on the head, on each segment of the thorax, and on each of the
first two segments of the abdomen. Terminal segment sub-acute,
with a pair of rounded tubercles near its apex. Internal antenna?
longer than the head ; first segment of the peduncle short and
thick, second and third segments sub-equal. Outer antenna?
with the peduncle equal in length to the head and thorax — the
fifth joint much longer than all the rest together. Length,
exclusive of antenna?, more than two inches.

304 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

The somewhat mutilated specimen from which the above
description was taken, was in the Australian Museum collection
without locality attached, but pinned on a sheet of cork together
with a number of specimens from Tasmania, and perhaps came
from that colony. It differs from A. Baffinii, Sabine, as figured by
Milne-Edwards, in the great length of the terminal segment of
the peduncle of the outer antenna} — the fourth and fifth segments
being repi-esented as sub-equal in the figure of that species.

523. Arcturus brevicornis. A.M".
Arcturus brevicornis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 195, pi. iv., fig. 5.
Head rather shorter than the first three segments of the thorax,

smooth ; first three segments of the thorax subequal, short, each
with one or two minute, rounded tubercles above ; f ourth segment
much elongated, with a tubercle above — between the anterior end
and the middle. Abdomen as long as the last three segments of
the thorax. Outer antennae thick, about as long as the head and
first four segments of the thorax, second and third segments
sub-equal, fourth the longest, fifth longer than the second ; fourth
and fifth each with three or four short setso below ; flagellum
about two-thirds of the length of the last segment. Anterior
limbs subequal, slender, first slightly stouter than the rest.
Length of body about f ths in.

Off Broughton Island, near Port Stephens, dredged in about
twenty-five fathoms.

Sub-Family Antli urines.

Abdominal opercula not closely appressed to the ventral
surface of the body, but free and partly covering the sides of
the abdomen.

G-enus Paranthura.
Like Anthura, except in the structure of the pleon which has
the several segments distinctly articulated with each other, and
carries the normal number of pleopoda.

524. Paranthura australis.

Paranthura australis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 177, pi. xviii., fig. 1.

Eyes very minute. Antenna? extremely short, with rudimen-
tary llagella, the internal pair rather the longer. Eirst pair of

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 305

thoracic limbs with, the carpus somewhat produced superiorly
and distally ; propodos ovate, dilated proximally ; the palm
armed with a row of five stout spinules. Second pair rather
smaller than the first and of similar shape ; palm armed with six
ciliated spinules. Third pair smaller than the second. Caudal
scales sub-circular ; ramus of caudal appendages ovate, sub-acute,
hairy. Terminal segment rounded. Length about % in.
Port Jackson.

525. Paranthura (?) crassicornis.

Paranthura crassicornis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 478, pi. xviii., fig. 5.

Eyes very small. Internal antennae very short, about half
the length of the head ; flagellum with several short articuli.
External antenna? twice as long as the internal pair ; flagellum
thick, twice as long as the peduncle, composed of numerous
articuli. First pair of thoracic limbs larger than the others ;
propodos ovate. Second and third pairs rather smaller than the
first, and of similar shape. Following pairs sub-equal, with the
dactylos long and falciform. Length iV in.

Port Jackson.

Differs from Paranthura in the form of the outer antenna?.

Grenus Haliophasma, Haswell.

Body sub-cylindrical, depressed, thoracic segments sub-equal.
Inner antenna? much shorter than the outer, with multi-articulate
flagellum. Mandibles with a palp. Maxillipedes small, sub-
operculiform. First pair of thoracic limbs large, sub-chelate, the
rest simple or the second imperfectly sub-chelate. Last pair of
abdominal appendages broad, operculiform, biramous — the inner
ramus Particulate, the outer scale-like. Terminal segment
squamiform.

Differs from Paranthura in the possession of a well-developed
flagella in both pairs of antenna? or the outer pair only, and in the
form of the second and third pairs of pereiopoda.

526. Haliophasma purpurea.

Haliophasma purpurea, Haswell, 1. c, p. 476, pi. xviii., fig. 3.*
Head and first thoracic segment flattened ; last thoracic seg-
ment shorter than the others. Inner antenna? as long as the

*Not fig. 2, as occurs in the "Explanation of the Plates" in the paper
referred to. Fig. 2 should be II. maculata.

T

306 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

head, slender; flagellum rudimentary. Outer antennae nearly
twice as long as the inner pair ; the peduncle very stout, the
flagellum with seven articuli. First pair of thoracic limbs very
thick, with stout, ovate propodos and strong dactylos ; the
following pairs all non-subchelate, rather short, decreasing in
size posteriorly. Terminal segment rounded at the apex, with
three longitudinal dorsal ridges. Colour reddish- purple. Length

■Jin.

Port Jackson.

527. Haliophasma maculata.

Haliopliasma maculata, Haswell, 1. c, p. 477, pi. xviii., fig. 2.

Head and first segment of the thorax slightly flattened. Inner
antenna? as long as the head ; flagellum with about twenty
articuli. Outer antennas twice as long as the inner ; flagellum
with numerous articulations. First pair of thoracic limbs large
similar to those of the preceding species ; following pairs rather
long, the first two prehensile. Terminal segment not longitu-
dinally ridged. Terminal segment, caudal appendages and caudal
scale fringed with long hairs. Colour light yellow, with black
blotches. Length f in.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens ; Griffiths' Point, Victoria.

Sub-Tribe Tanaidea.
Posterior pair of abdominal appendages more or less styliform,
almost terminal, rarely obsolete.

Family TANAID^.

First or second pairs of legs sub-chelate, the rest not provided
with long curved dactyli. Anterior five pairs of abdominal
appendages sub-natatorial, the last pair styliform or biramous.

Sab-Family Tanaince.

Body linear, the first segment of the thorax often oblong, and
the head small. Caudal stylets long.

Crenus Pakatanais, Dana.
First pair of antenna? not provided with a flagellum. First
pair of legs strongly dilated, the rest unguiculate. Caudal stylets
biramous, the rami unequal, provided with one or more joints.

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 307

528. Paratanais tenuicornis.

Paratanais tenuicornis, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. vi., p. 194, pi. iv.,
fig. 3.

Antennae short ; inner pair stout, the basal segment about
three times as long as the second, and the latter twice as large
as the last, which is very small. Outer antenna} more slender
than the inner ; last joint smaller than the penultimate, which
again is as long as the two preceding taken together. First pair
of legs very stout ; propodos curved, dactylos slightly geniculate.
Caudal appendages short, flagellum with seven articuli. Length
about \ in.

Port Stephens.

G-enus Apseudes, Leach.
Body dorso-ventrally compressed. Upper antennae with two
flagella ; lower with one. First pair of legs sub-chelate ; second
pair laminate at the extremity ; the rest unguiculate. Caudal
appendages with a long multi-articulate flagellum and a shorter
secondary flagellum.

529. Apseudes australis.

Apseudes australis, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. vi., p. 193, pi. iv., fig. 2.

Head broad ; a triangular acute rostrum between the bases of
the antenna?, with a mesial and two lateral shallow grooves ; a
short spine in the middle of the epistome. Thoracic segments
transverse, the epimera large, sparsely setose. Abdomen orna-
mented with a few longish, fine hairs ; terminal joint as long
as all the rest together, twice as long as broad, rounded at the
extremity. First joint of the internal antennae long, compressed,
longitudinally grooved ; second joint scarcely one-third of the
length of the first ; third very small ; flagellum as long as
peduncle ; secondary flagellum nearly two-thirds of the length
of the principal flagellum. Lower (outer) antennae scarcely
longer than the flagellum of the upper ; the second joint of the
flagellum the largest, a lamellif orm ovate appendage fringed with
slender hairs situated at its inner and distal angle ; third joint
very small ; fourth nearly as long as the second, but narrower ;
last joint smaller than the fourth ; flagellum equal in length to
about two-thirds of the peduncle, ornamented with slender hairs.
First pair of thoracic limbs, with the merus, carpus and propodos

308 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

compressed, the merus triangular, with its distal border transverse,
with a strong seta at each distal angle, and a few fine hairs ;
carpus smaller, with its distal border oblique, a strong seta at its
supero-distal angle ; propodos narrower than the carpus but
longer, its distal border short, transverse, a strong spine on either
side of the point of insertion of the dactylos ; rather compressed,
slightly hooked at the end. Second pair of thoracic limbs with
the basos very broad, a small tooth on its posterior border ; a
tooth on the lower border of the merus ; carpus triangular,
elongate; propodos dilated, its digital prolongation with a
rounded lobe near the base. Length about ■§ in.

Broughton Islands, dredged in about twenty-five fathoms.

Sub-Family Stenetrince.

Body dorso-ventrally compressed, of nearly equal breadth
throughout. Caudal appendages short, the rami not multi-
articulate.

Genus Stenetrium, Haswell.

Body dorso-ventrally compressed ; abdomen short, one-jointed.
Head with a short rostrum. Antennae inserted on the anterior
margin of the head ; internal pair very short ; external pair very
long, both with well-developed nagella, and with a small one-
jointed basal appendage. Mandibles provided with a palp.
Maxillipedes expanded, operculiform. First pair of thoracic
limbs with a large prehensile manus ; following pairs ambulatory.
First pair of abdominal appendages broad, operculiform. Caudal
appendages biramous, inserted on the border of the shield-like
abdomen near the extremity.

530. Stenetrium armatum.

Stenetrium armatum, Haswell, 1. c, p. 479, pl.'xix., fig. 1.

Cephalon armed on either side with a prominent dorso-ventrally
compressed, acute spine, curved outwards and forwards. Antero-
lateral angles of the first thoracic segment produced forwards,
acute ; those of the second segment slightly produced ; postero-
lateral angle of the penultimate segment slightly produced
backwards. Penultimate segment of the abdomen rudimentary ;
second as long as the three last thoracic segments, its lateral

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 309

border marked behind tbe middle by an angular notch, bounded
behind by an inconspicuous acute spine ; a short, rounded mesial
lobe at the posterior extremity. Eyes narrow, oblique. Internal
antenna? scarcely as long as the three basal joints of the external
pair, flagellum longer than the peduncle. External antenna?
about four times as long as the inner pair, longer than the body;
basal joint of the peduncle produced externally and distally into
a slender acute process ; second joint similarly produced, the
process ending in a hair-like appendage ; flagellum about equalling
the peduncle in length, formed of numerous articuli which are
very short proximally and increase slightly in length towards the
distal end. Maxillipedes with the four basal joints forming a
broad operculum ; terminal joint well-developed. Eirst pair of
thoracic limbs in the male very large ; ischium, meros and carpus
sub-equal, the meros produced infero-distally into an acute pro-
cess ; propodos large, irregularly ovate, palm defined by a long
acute spine, and armed in addition with a bifid denticle situated
about its middle ; dactylos powerful, sub-acute. Eollowing pairs
of thoracic limbs sub-equal. Inner ramus of caudal appendages
longer than the outer, both lanceolate, armed laterally with
slender hairs. Length f inch.

The female has the first pair of thoracic limbs smaller than in
the male, the palm unarmed, concave, defined by a projecting
acute angle.

Port Jackson ; Port Stephens ; Griffiths' Point (Victoria).

53]. Stenetrium inerme.

St e net Hum inerme, Haswell, 1. c, p. 180, pi. xix., fig. 2.

Head transverse, rostrum sub-acute. Lateral borders of
anterior thoracic segments not much produced, bilobed. Lateral
border of last abdominal segment entire ; with an obscure,
rounded, mesial lobe. Eyes rounded. Internal antenna? very
slender, less than a quarter of the length of the external pair ;
basal joint of the peduncle very short and broad, second narrower
and slightly longer, third scarcely distinguishable from the
flagellum ; flagellum about twice as long as the peduncle.
External antenna? longer than the body, the three basal joints of
the peduncle short and stout, the third the longest of the three,
and provided distally and externally with a short, acute spine ;

310 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA.

flagellum shorter than the peduncle. Penultimate joint of the
maxillipedes not expanded. First pair of thoracic limbs large ;
propodos sub-triangular in outline, the palm transverse, concave,
armed with a few short bristles, and defined by a prominent
acute tooth ; dactylos much longer than the palm. Following
pairs of thoracic limbs decreasing slightly in length posteriorly.
Caudal appendages with the inner ramus longer than the outer,
both broad-lanceolate, truncate, with one or two lateral notches,
and a few long, slender seta?. Length about W in.
Port Jackson.

Tribe L.FMODIPODA.

[Amphipoda Aberrantia.]

Head coalescent with the first segment of the thorax. Maxil-
lipedes modified to form a lower lip, with long palpi. Branchia>,
gnathopoda, and pereiopoda as in the Amphipoda Normalia, but
the coxae not squamiform, and the first and second pairs of
pereiopoda weak, rudimentary, or absent. Abdomen rudimentary,
without distinct appendages.

Family I. CAPBELLID^.

Body linear. Coxa? fused with the pereion. Branchial sacs
attached to the first two or three segments of the pereion.

Genus Proto, Leach.

Body cylindrical. Cephalon confluent with the first segment
of the pereion. Pleon rudimentary. Mandibles having an
appendage. Cmathododa sub-chelate, having branchiae attached
to the second pair. Pereiopoda all developed ; branchia) on the
two anterior pairs ; two posterior pairs subequal ; dactyli capable
of being impinged against the anterior margin of the propoda.
Two anterior pairs of pleopoda rudimentary, Particulate, in the
male stylif orm ; rest obsolete.

532. Proto Novse-Hollandise.

Proto Novce-Hollandicr, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.,
Vol. iv., ]>. 275, pi. xii., fig. 3.

Animal smooth, constricted at the joints. Superior antenna?
about one-third of the length of the body; basal joint of

AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTRACA. 311

peduncle thick, shorter than the others ; second joint the longest ;
flagellum shorter than the second and third segments of the
peduncle. Inferior antennae more than half the length of the
superior; peduncle more than twice as long as the flagellum.
First pair of gnathopoda with the propodos broad, the palm
oblique, slightly convex, armed with a series of short spines, and
defined by a strong tooth surmounted by a spine. Posterior
pair with the propodos ovate, swollen, three times as long as that
of the first pair. First pair of pereiopoda slender, as long as
the second and third segments of the pereion, with a slight tooth
on the posterior margin of the propodos. Second pair much
larger than the first or third, rather longer than the cephalon
and the first two segments of the pereion, the carpus, propodos
and dactylos short, the propodos armed with four spines and a
row of serrations on its anterior border. Third pair very slender,
equal to the first in length. Fourth and fifth pairs sub-equal,
of the same length as the second, but stouter ; a few spines on
the carpus and propodos. Length about 7 lines.

Port Jackson.

Genus Protella, Dana.

Body cylindrical. Cephalon confluent with the first segment
of the pereion. Pleon rudimentary. Mandibles having an
appendage. Griiathopoda sub-chelate. First two pairs of
pereiopoda rudimentary, having branchiae attached ; three pos-
terior pairs subequally robust and long. Anterior pair of
pleopoda rudimentary in the male ; rest obsolete. [#.i?.]

533. Protella australis.

Protella australis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 276, pi. xii., fig. 4.

Cephalon armed above with a single short, anteriorly-directed
spine. Superior antemue nearly as long as the body ; peduncle
stout ; the second joint the longest ; flagellum as long as the last
segment of the peduncle. Inferior antennas as long as the first
two segments of the peduncle of the superior pair ; flagellum very
short. First pair of gnathopoda with the propodos sub-triangular,
broad at the base, which is nearly straight, with straight, gradually
converging lateral borders ; dactylos more than two-thirds of the
length of the propodos. Posterior gnathopoda with the propodos

312 AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTRACA.

longer than the cephalon, oval ; palmar border armed with a
fringe of hairs, and with two strong conical teeth near the apex,
and another near the base. Posterior pereiopoda sub-equal ;
propodos with a tooth on its anterior border. The form of the
posterior gnathopoda varies in different individuals, and the
cephalic spine is sometimes rudimentary. The female of this
species differs from the male only in possessing the ovigerous
plates. Length 7 lines.

Port Jackson.

Genus Caprella, Lamarck.

Body cylindrical. Cephalon and first segment of the pereion
confluent. Pleon rudimentary. G-nathopoda subchelate. First
two pairs of pereiopoda absent ; three posterior pairs subequal.
First and second pairs of pleopoda rudimentary in the male;
the rest obsolete.

534. Caprella tenuis.

Caprella tenuis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 276, pi. xii., fig. 5.

Cephalon elongated, the upper border terminating anteriorly
in an inconspicuous acute tooth. First segment of the pereion
longer than, second and third sub-equal with, the cephalpn ; the
rest shorter. Superior antennae as long as the cephalon and the
first two segments of the pereion ; flagellum as long as the last
two segments of the peduncle. Inferior antenna? longer than the
peduncle of the upper pair, ornamented below with a fringe of
long hairs. Propodos of anterior gnathopoda ovate, swollen.
Propodos of posterior gnathopoda two and a half times the length
of that of the anterior pair, narrow ; the palm defined by an
obscure tooth. Branchiae longish-ovoid. Pereiopoda stout, short,
increasing in length from before backwards ; the third pair as
long as the fourth and fifth segments of the pereion. Length
6 lines.

Port Jackson.

535. Caprella echinata.

Caprella echinata, Haswell, 1. c, Vol. iv., p. 346, pi. xxiii.,
fig. 2.

Male.—' Cephalon rather longer than fhe other segments, armed
on its dorsal surface a little behind the eye with a very prominent

AUSTRALIAN MALACOSTKACA. 313

slender, acute spine, and at the posterior end with a second spine
of similar form, but shorter ; second segment with a pair of short
spines a little behind the middle of its dorsal surface ; the rest of
the segments unarmed. Eyes oval, red. Superior antenna) more
than twice the length of the cephalon ; flagellum nearly as long
as the peduncle. Inferior antennae nearly as long as the peduncle
of the superior pair. Anterior gnathopoda small, about two-
thirds of the length of the cephalon. Posterior gnathopoda very
large, more than four times as long as the anterior pair ; basos
long, slender, armed with a compressed tooth at the distal end
of its anterior border ; carpus small ; propodos very large, of
irregular form, constricted at the proximal end, broader distally,
armed on the dorsal border with three very large, compressed
teeth, near the middle, and a small blunt tooth at the distal end ;
palm defined by a short acute tooth, and armed about its middle
with a sharp spine which is separated by a deep sinus from a broad,
compressed process occupying the distal third of the palmar
border. First pair of pereiopoda more slender than the two
posterior pairs, with the dactylos smaller ; dactyla of the
posterior pairs nearly as long as the propodos, palm defined by a
small tooth. Length | in.

Clark Island, Port Jackson.

536. Caprella cornigera.

Caprella comigera, Haswell, 1. c, p. 317, pi. xxiii., fig. 5.

Neck very long ; the other segments increasing in length to
the fourth ; fifth rather shorter than the fourth ; second, third,
and fourth segments each with a pair of cornua on the middle of
its dorsal border, and a short conical tooth at its posterior
extremity. Eyes small, round. Superior antenna? half as long
as the cephalon and pereion ; flagellum as long as the last segment
of the peduncle, of seven articuli, of which the first is very long.
Inferior antenna? very small, little longer than the first segment
of the peduncle of the superior pair ; flagellum as long as the last
segment of the peduncle, of four articuli. Anterior gnathopoda
small, propodos ovate, narrowing distally ; palm nearly longi-
tudinal, undefined. Posterior gnathopoda very large ; basos
longer than the cephalon ; carpus small, sub-triaugular ; propodos
nearly as long as the basos, narrow, palm nearly longitudinal,

314 AUSTEALIAN MALACOSTEACA.

defined by a broad, low, triangular process, and armed near the
distal end with a sharp tooth. Pereiopoda short and broad, with
a well-defined, bristle-armed palm. Colour grey. Length | in.
Clark Island, Port Jackson.

537. Caprella inermis.

Caprella inermis, Haswell, 1. c, p. 318, pi. xxiii., fig. 3.

Cephalon terminating anteriorly in a minute mesial tooth.
Neck very long ; first segment of the body longer than the head
and neck, the rest shorter. Superior antennae as long as the
cephalon and first segment of the pereion ; flagellum shorter
than the two last segments of the peduncle. Anterior gnathopoda
short ; propodos ovate, palm longitudinal, undefined. Posterior
gnathopoda very large ; propodos elongated, narrow ; palm
excavate, uniformly concave, occupying about one-third of the
entire length of the propodos. Branchiae sub-cylindrical. Last
pair of pereiopoda longer than the others. Colour green.
Length iV in.

Port Jackson.

538. Caprella obesa.

Caprella obesa, Haswell, 1. c, p. 318, pi. xxiv., fig. 1.

JSlale. — Body stout, unarmed ; first two segments subequal,
the rest much shorter. Eyes small, round. Superior antennae
rather exceeding in length the cephalon and two succeeding
segments ; peduncle very stout, flagellum equal in length to the
last segment of the peduncle. Inferior antennae a little longer
than the first two segments of the peduncle of the superior pair,
fringed below with long hairs. Anterior gnathopoda small, palm
longitudinal, undefined. Posterior gnathopoda very large, basos
broad, its anterior border minutely toothed ; propodos as long
as the cephalon ; palm longitudinal, defined by a conical tooth
and armed with two others — of which the proximal is the smaller
— towards the distal end. Branchiae clavate. Pereiopoda sub-
equal, short and stout, with a distinct palm. Colour red.
Length \ in.

Clark Island, Port Jackson.

IITDEX.

Page
Abdomen vi

Acanthocarpus (Coronis) . . . . 206
acanthocarpus (Lysiosquilla) . . 200

Acantholepis 153

Acanthonychinae 7

Achaeus 3

Actoea 43

Actaeomorpha 133

Actumnus 72

aculeata (Cymodocea) . , . . 291

aculeata (Galathea) 162

acuticaudata (Cerceis) .. .. 294
acuticaudata (SpAceroma) . . . . 294
acutidens (Panopeus) .. .. 51

an actyla {Hippo) 151

iEdicerus 238

JEga, 284

JEgidse 284

JEgiwe 284

(Bneas {Cancer) 58

Eeneas (Zozymus) 58

sesopia (Auchistia) 194

affinis (Aetata) 45

affinis (Actceodes) 45

affinis {Dione) 22

affinis (Eucrate) 86

affiiiis (Lambrus) 34

affinis (Lysianassa) 232

affinis (Macrophthalmus) . . .. 88

affinis (Mieippa) 26

affinis (Myra) 121

affinis (Talitrus) 214

affinis {Xantho) 60

albolineatus (Grapsus) .. .. 97

algicola (Neobule) 229

Alope 193

Allorchestes 220

Amaryllis 227

ambigua (Iphimedia) .. ..241

ambulatory limbs viii

Amphitrite 83

Amphipoda 212

Amphithoe 266

Amphitho'e 221

Amphoroidea 302

anaglyptus (Etisodes) . . . . 55

anaglyptus (Etisus) 55

angulatus {Oncinopsus) ., . . 5

Page

Anisopoda 303

Anisopus 84

annulipes (Ruppellia) . . . . 73
anomala (Sphceroma) .. .. 288

Anomoura 138

Anomoura Media 145

Anomoura Inferiora 152

Anomoura Submedia 151

Anomoura Superiora 138

antarcticus (Ibacus) 169

antennae ix

antennules ix:

Anthurinae 304

approximans (Moera) . . . . 257

Apseudes 307

arachnoides (Egeria) .. .. 11

armata (Cymodocea) 299

armata (Zuzara) 299

Arcania 131

Arcturidae 303

Arcturidea 303

Arcturus 303

arcuatus (Thalamita) 80

arcuatus (Gelasimus) . . . . 92

Arctus 169

arctus {Cancer) 169

arenicola ((Edicerus) 239

areolatus {Chlorodius) 59

areolatus {Chlorodius) 54

areolatus (Cblorodopsis) . . . . 54

areolatus (Helcecius) 91

argus (Codonopbilus) . . . . 283

Armadillidse 278

Armadillidium 279

Armadillime 279

armatum (Stenetrium) .. .. 308

armatus {Astacus) 174

aspera {Mithrax) 22

aspera (Schizopbrys) 22

aspera ( Sphseroma) 289

Aspidophoreia 224

Astaoidae 173

Astacopsis 174

Atergatis 41

atropos {Borippe) 137

atromanus (Xanthodes) . . . . 49
atrorubens (Sesarma) .. ..108
Atylus 242

316

INDEX.

Page
Ampelisca 234

Ampeliscades 234

Aadouinii (Cyclograpsus) .. . . 103
australe (Hymenosoma) . . . . 115

Australian Crayfish 174

australiensis (Amphoroidea) . . 302
australiensis (Dromia) .. ..139
australiensis (G-alathea) .. .. 161
australiensis (Heteropanope) .. 70
australiensis (Leptomithrax) . . 16

australiensis (Ligia) 281

australiensis (Lysianassa) .. 232
australiensis (Petrocheles) . . 147
australis (Allorchestes) . . . . 222

australis (Ampelisca) 235

australis (Apseudes) 307

australis (Icilius) 275

australis (Melita) 252

australis (Microdeutopus) . . . . 263
australis (Paranthura) . . . . 304

australis (Myra) 122

australis ( Pherusa) 246

australis (Podocerus) . . .. .. 270

australis (Protella) 311

austrinus (Atylus) 245

Barbicornis (Paramithrax) .. 13

barbicoruis (Pisa) 13

basiophthalrnite x

basipodite viii

baaicerite ix

basos viii

Batei (Phoxus) . . ._ 237

bicarinatus (Astacopsis) .. .. 177

bicarinatus (Astacus) 177

bicarinatus (Chteraps) .. ..177

bidentata (Cerceis) 293

bidentata (Cymodocea) .. .. 291

bifurcata (Huenia) 8

bipustulatus (Platyonychus) .. 84

Birgus 161

bituberculatus (Paratymolus) . . 142

biunguiculata (Porcellana) . . 147

Bceckii (Megamcera) 260

Eracbyura 1

branchite x

brancbiostegites vii

Brazieri(Colomastix).. ... .. 274

Brazieri (Lysiosquilla) .. .. 206

brevicornis (Amaryllis) . . . . 228

brevicornis (Arcturus) . . . . 304

brevicornis (Polycheria) . . . . 262

brevipes (Melia).. 72

brevirostris (Stenorhyuchus) .. 3

brunnea (Cenobita) 161

buccal orifice ix

Oalappa 135

Calappidce 135

Page
calappoides (Lambrus) ,. .. 35

calceoli xix

Calcinus 158

calculosa (Actsea) 45

calculoms (Cancer) 45

Callianassa 167

Callianassidse 167

Calyptura 301

canaliculars (Paltemon) .. . . 198

canaliculars (Penreus) .. .. 198

Cancer, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 48, 52, 58,

65,71,76,77, 72, 92,94,97,99,

103, 111, 136, 137, 156, 169, 210

Cancrida? 40

capensis (Orchestia) 219

capensis (Plagusia) Ill

Caphyra 82

Caprella 312

Caprellidas 310

cardiac region xiii

carinata (Myra) 121

carinimanus (Macrophtbalmus) 88

carnea (Calyptura) 302

Carpilius 40

Carpilodes 56

carpus viii

■ carpopodite viii

Catametopa 87

caudacuta (Idotea) 276

Cenobita 160

Cenobitida? 159

cephalothorax vi

ceratophthalma (Cancer) .. .. 94
ceratophthalma (Ocypoda) . . 94

Ceratothoa 282

Cerceis 263

cervical fold vii

cervical gland xviii

cervical groove vii

chabrus (Cancer) Ill

chabrus ( Plagusia) Ill

Cha-raps 176

Chasmagnathus 106

chela? viii

chelifer (Microdeutopus) . . . . 265

Chevertii (Leucosia) 120

chiragra (Gouodactylus) .. .. 210

chit agra (Squilla) 210

chiragra (Cancer) 210

chiragra (Mantis) 210

Chloridella 206

Chlorida 207

Chlorodius 61

Chlorodius 54

Chlorodopsis 54

Chlorolibinia 17

ciliata (Pscudosquilla) . . . . 209
ciliata (Squilla) 209

INDEX.

317

Page

Cilicoea 295

cinerea (Amphithoe) 267

Cirolana 286

Cirolaninae 286

Clavimana (Plagusia) 112

Clibanarius 159

clypeata {Cenobita) 160

c/yoeatus (Pagurus) 160

coarctatus (Gelasimus) . . • . 93

Colomastix 274

coalatus (Etisodes) 54

car idea (Trapezia) 76

coinmensalis (Leucothoc) . . . . 248

compressipes (Crossonotus) .. 96

conchifera (Droinia) 141

Condonophilus 283

convexus {Cancer) 41

convexus (Carpilius) 41

convexus (Chasmagnathus) .. 106

convexus (Macrophthalmus) . . 89

Coppingeri (Paramithrax) .. 15

corallicola (Porcellana) .. .. 150

corallicola (Galathea) 162

cordiformis {Gelasimus) .. . . 91

cordiformis (Heloecius) .. .. 91

cordimana (Oeypoda) . . . . 95

cornigera (Tiarinia) 28

cornigcra (Pisa) 28

coronata (Cymodocea) , . . 292

Corophiida? 266

Corophiides 271

coxa viii

coxicerite ix

coxopodite viii

Crabyzos 278

crassa (Cilicoea) 298

crassa (Helice) 107

crassicaudata (Cilicoea) . . . . 296

erassicomis (Allorchestes) . . 223

crassicornis (Paranthura) . . . . 305"

crassimana (Thalamita) .. .. 80

crassimana (Utica) 102

crassimanus (Gonatonotus) . . 39

crassinianus (Leptodius) . . . . 61

crassimanus (Xuntho) Gl

crassipes (Harmonia) 251

crassipes (Macrophthalmus) . . 89

crassipes (Mcera) 258

crassipes (Phlyxia) 124

cristatipes (Pleurophricus) .. 23

Crossonotus 95

crucifer {Portunus) 81

crucifera (Thalamita) .. .. 81

Cryptopodia 37

Cryptodromia 138

cursor (Pilumnus) 67

curtispiua (Cilicoea) 298

curtispina (Micippa) 25

Page

curvirostris (btenorhynchus) . . 2

custos (Diogenes) 157

cuntos (Pagurus) 157

cyelops {JEga) 285

Cyclograpsus 103

Cyclomaia 21

Cyclometopa 40

Cycloxanthus 50

cymodoct {Cancer) 76

cymodoce (Trapezia) 76

Cymodocea 289

Cymodocea 295, 299

Cymopolia 137

Cymothoidae 281

Cymothoidea 281

Cymothoinre 281

Cyproidia .. 229

Cyproidides 229

Cyrtophium 271

cythcrea {Chlorodius) 62

Dactylopodite viii

dactylus viii

Dana? (Pakenion) 197

Darnleyensis (Myra) 122

Decapoda 1

deflexifrons (Galathea) .. .. 163

denexifrons (Microhalimus) . . 7

dentata (Nursilia) 128

dentata (Ranina) 144

dentatum (Cyrtophium) .. .. 272

dentatus {Cancer) 53

dentatus (Etisus) 53

dentatus (Petrolisthes) .. .. 146

dentifera (Mcera) 256

depressa (Plagusia) no

depressus (Xenocarcinus) . . . . 8

diacantha [Naxia) 20

diacanthus (Hyastenus) . . . . 20

diadema (Zuzara) 299

diemenensis (Aspidophoreia) . . 225

diemenensis (Leucothoc) .. .. 249

diemenensis (Megamoera) . . . . 259

diemenensis (Talorchestia) .. 215

Diogenes 156

Diogenes (Cancer) 156

Pione 22

dispar (Ochestia) 219

dispar (Porcellana) H9

Domicola 266

Dorippe 136

Dorippidrc 136

Dromia 139

Dromidea 138

dubius (Eusirus) 247

Bchinata (Caprella) 312

Edriophthalmata 212

Edwardsii (Chlorodius) .. .. 60

318

INDEX.

Pare

Edwardsii (Palinurus) .. .. 171

Egeria 11

elegans (Galathea) 163

elegans (Tiarinia) 29

elongatus (Petrolisthes) .. . 146

emarginata (Zuzara) 301

emeritus [Cancer) 151

endopodite . . vi

endostome ix

Ephippiphora 233

epibranchial region xiii

epigastric region xiii

epimerou vi

epipodite viii

epistome ix

Erichthys xxiii

Eriphia 75

Eriphiidae , 62

Eriphiinae 73

erosa (Phlyxia) 125

erralicUs (Leander) 195

erythrodactyla (Sesarma) . . . . 109

esculentus (Penaeus) 200

Etisus 53

Eucinetops 4

Eucrate 86

eudactyla (Myra) 123

eudactyla (Myrodes) 123

Eumedoninae 38

Eupagurus 152

Eusirus 246

Euxantbus ., 47

exaratus (Chlorodius) 60

exaratus (Leptodius) 60

excavata (Dromia) 140

excavata (Dromidia) 140

excavata (Idotea) 277

exopodite vi

Faba (Pinnixa) 113

faba (Finnothera) 113

f asciata (Xenocheira) 268

nmbriatus (Pilumnus) . . . . 66

fissifrons (Pilumnus) 68

fissifrons (Stenorhynchus) . . 2

flagellum ix

floridus (Atergatis) 41

floridus (Cancer) 41

forceps (Gelasimus) 93

fornicata (Cryptopodia) .. .. 37

fossor (CEdicerus) 238

Franklinii (Astacopsis) .. .. 176

Frascone (Cancer) 137

frontalis (Etisodes) 56

frontalis (Eupagurus) . . . . 154

frontalis (Pay urns) 154

Gaimardii (Cymodocea) . . . . 290

Gaimardii (Cycloyrapsus) , . . . 105

Page

Gaimardii (Paramithrax) . . .. 13

Gaimardii (Paragrapsus) . . .. 105

Gaimardii (Sphceroma) .. ., 290

Galathea 161

Galatheidea 161

Gamardii (Allorchestes) . . . . 221

Gammaridae 225

Gammarides 242

Gammarina 213

gastric region xiii

Gebia 164

Gebiidae 164

Gibbesii (Acanthopus) .. .. 112

yiy as (Cancer) 52

yiqas (My r odes) 123

gigas (Pseudocarcinus) .. .. 52

gigas (Sphreroma) 287

glaberrimus (Pilumnus) . . . . 69

glabra (Plagusia) Ill

gladiator (Amphitrite) . . . . 84

Glycerina 233

glyptocercus (Axius) .. ., 165

gnathopoda x

Gonatonotus 38

Gonatorhynchus 10

Goniograpsus 99

Gonodactylus 210

Gonoplacidae 85

gracilipes (Chlorolibinia) . . . . 17

gracilis (Leucothoe) 249

grapburus (Gonodactylus) .. 211

grandimanus (Amphithoe) . . 267

graniger (Porcellio) 280

granulata (Actaea) 44

granulata (Cymodocea) . . . . 289

granulatus (Diogenes) .. .. 157

granulatus (Cancer) 44

granulosa (Lophactsea) .. .. 43

granulosa (Pblyxia) 126

granulosa (Arcania) 131

granulosa (Matuta) 134

granulosus (Carpilodes) .. .. 57

granulosus (Cyclograpsus) .. 104

granulosus (Leptodius) . . . . 61

granulosus (CEgle) 43

granulosus (Peneeus) 202

granulosus (Xantho) 43

Grapsidae 96

Grapsina? 96

Grapsoidea 87

Grapsus 97

Grayi (Grapsus) 98

guttatus (Ozius) 64

Halimus 5

Halicarcinus 114

Ilaliophasma 305

hamigera (Mcera) 254

INDEX.

319

Page

Haplocheira 269

Hardwickii (Nursia) 127

Harmonia 250

harpax (Lambrus) 32

Harrovia 39

Helice 107

Helcecius 91

hepatica (Calappa) 136

hepatic region xiii

hepaticus [Cancer) 136

Herbstii 12

Herbstii (Egeria) 12

Heterograpsus 100

Heteropanope 70

Hexapus 71

Hippa 151

hirsutus [Birgus) 161

hirsutus (Pilumnus) 69

hirta (Lomis) 152

hirta [Porcellana) 152

hirtifrons (Gebia) 164

hirtipes [Chlorodius) 62

hoplonotus (Lambrus) . . . . 33

Huenia 8

Hiigelii (Palinurus) 172

humilis (Allorchestes) .. .. 221

Huonii (Euxauthus) 47

Hyastenus 19

Hymenicus 115

Hyraenosoma 114

hypogastric region xiii

hystrix (Ciliccaa) 296

hystrix (Cyrtophium) .. .. 273

Ibacus 168

Icilius 275

Idotea 276

Idoteidae 276

Idoteidea 276

immaculata (Plagusia) .. .. 110

Inachidie 2

inerme (Stenetrium) 307

incisus (Lophozozymus) . . . . 58

inermis (Ixa) 132

inermis (Micippa) 24

inermis (Pilumnus) 70

inermis (Petrolisthes) 146

inornatus (Grapsus) 98

inornatus [Helwcius) 91

Iphimedia 241

ischiocerite ix

ischiopodite viii

ischium viii

Isopoda 275

Jukesii (Cymopolia) 13S

Krefftii (Hymenosoma) .. .. 116"
Krefftii [Hymenicus) 115

Page

KrOyeii (Lysianassa) 233

Kroyeri (Ephippiphora) .. .. 233

Labrum ix

lacertosus (Achseus) 3

Lcemodipoda 310

lsevimana (Eriphia) 75

lsevimanus (Etisus) 54

lsevis (Halimus) 6

lsevis (Cyclograpsus) 104

lsevis (Pherusa) 245

lsevis ( Philyra) 124

lsevis (Chasmagnathus) .. .. 106

lsevis (Sphoeroma) 288

lavis (Squilla) 208

lambrif ormis ( Phlyxia) . . . . 1 24

Lambrus 31

lanatus (Pilumnus) 65

lata (Uirolana) 286

lateralis (Cryptodromia) .. .. 139

lateralis [Dromia) 139

latifrons (Macrophthalmus) . . 90

latrans (CEdicerus) 239

latipes (Paratymolus) .. .. 143
latissimus (Atergatis) . . . . 42

latissimus [Zozymus) 42

latus (Stegocephalus) 227

Lavauxi (Cyclograpsus) .. .. 103

Leptodius 60

Leachii (Helice) 107

Leachii (Hymensoma) .. .. 114

Leiolophus 112

Leptomithrax 16

Leptopodiinas 2

Leptopus 11

Leslii (Leucosia) 120

Lcsuerii [Matuta) 134

Leucosia 117

Leucosiidse 117

Leucothoe 247

Ligia 281

Ligiinse 281

Umbatus [Atergatis) 13

limbatus [Cancer) 43

limicola (Talorchestia) .. .. 216

lineata (Uyproidia) 230

lineif era (Matuta) 2 34

Liomera 46

lippus (Atylus) 243

Lissocarcinus 83

Lithadia 12S

Lithodea 152

litterata (Varuna) 103

litteratus [Cancer) 103

Utteratus [Trichopus) 103

lobatus (Ozius) 63

lobifrons [Lupea) 79

Lomis 152

320

INDEX.

Page

longicarpus (Mycteris) .. .. 11(3

longicaudatus (Crabyzos) . . . . 278

longioornis (Allorchestes) . . .. 223

longicomis (Arctunis) .. .. 303

longioornis (Montagua) . . . . 236

longimanus {Cancer) 31

longimanus (Lambrus) .. .. 31

longimanus (Micippoides) . . . . 19

longimanus (Wyvillea) .. .. 261

long ipcs {Cancer) 12

longipes {In ach us) 11

longipes (M acropus) 11

longipes {Leptopus) 11

longispina (Zebrida) 38

Lophactaoa 43

Lophozozymus 58

lunaris [Matuta) 135

Lyreidus 144

MacGillivrayi (Ommatocarcinus) 90

Macleayana (Orcbestia) . . . . 220

Macleayana (Ocypoda) . . . . 95

Macro-pus 11

Macrophthalmidae 87

Macrophthalminse 87

Macrophthalmus 87

macrophthalmus (Amaryllis) . . 227

Macroura 163

maculata (Haliophasma) . . . . 306

maculata (Liomera) 47

maculatus (Euxanthus) . . . . 48

maculatus (Heterograpsus) .. 101

magnirica (Galathea) 162

Maidse 11

Maiinae 11

mammillaris (Myra) 121

mammillata {Melissa) .. .. 48

mammillata (Tiarinia) . . . . 27

mammillatus {Cancer) ., .. 48

marnmillatus (Euxanthus) . . 4 i

mandibles viii

Mantis 210

margaritata (Cyclomaia) .. .. 21

marmorata (Talorchestia) . . .. 218

Mastersii (Megamoera) . . . . 258

Matutidae 133

Matuta 133

maxilla viii

maxillipedes viii

maxima (Thalassina) 166

Medseus 52

megalophthalmus (Atylus) . . 244

Megamaera 258

melanochirus (Gblorodopsis) . . 55

melanodactylus {Nectocarcinua) , . 81

Melia 72

Mdita 251

Melita 253

Page

Menaethius 9

Menippe 53

menestho {Cancer) 84

mef ocerite ix

meropodite viii

merus , » viii

mesogastric region xiii

metabrancbial region xiii

Micippa 23

Micippinaj 23

Micippoides 18

microdeuteropus (Atylus) . . . . 244

Mierodeutopus 263

Microhalimus 7

microphthalmia {Ghlorida) . . .. 207

micropbthalma (Chlondella) . . 207

microphthalmia {Sguilla) .. .. 207

Miersii (Montagua) 226

miles (Diogenes) 156

miles (Squilla) 207

minutum (Gyrtophium) .. .. 27*2

minutus {Cancer) 99

minutus {Nautilograpsus) . . . . 99

minutus (Planes) 99

minutus (Pagurus) 156

Mithracinre 29

Mithrax 22

Mcera .. 252

monilifer (Pilumnus) . . . . 65

monoeuloides (Atylus) . . . . 243

Montagua . . . . 225

Mortonii (Microdeutopus) .. 264

monoceros (Mensethius) .. .. 9

monoceros {Pisa) 9

muriger (Tlos) 130

Myra 121

Myrodes 123

Nauplius xii

Naxia 20

■nebulosa {Chlorodius) 62

Nectocarcinus 81

Neobule 228

nepa (Squilla) 20S

Nidinea 226

niger (Allorcbestes) 224

niger {Cancer) 62

niger (Chlorodius) 62

nitens (Lysianassa) 232

nitida (Porcellana) 148

nobilis {Astacoides) 175

nobilis (Astacopsis) 175

nodosus (Lambrus) '.'<[

nodosuB (Medseus) 52

nodulosa (Dorippe) 137

notatus (Xantbodes) 49

Normaba 212

novae-bollandiee (Leueotboe) . . 250

INDEX.

321

Page

Novae-Guineae (Penscus) . . . . 203

novae-hollandias ( Proto) .. .. 310

novem-spinosa (Arcania) .. .. 131

Nursia 127

Nursilia 128

Obtusifrons (Porcellio) . . . . 280

ocellata (Leucosia) 118

octodentata (Caphyra) . . . . 82

octodentata (Droruia) .. .. 140

octodentatus (Cyclograpsus) .. 101

octodentatus (Heterograpsus) . . 101

octodentatus (Lophozozymus) . . 58

Ocypoda 91

Oeypodinae 91

oci/roe (Ca?icer) 41

(Edicerus 238

(Egathoinee 282

(Ethra 37

olivaceus (Cancer) 79

Olivieri (Cenobita) 160

Ommatocarcinus 90

Oniscidae 279

Oniscinae 279

Oniscoidea 278

oostegite , . . . xviii

orator ia Squilla 208

Orchestia 219

Orchestia 215

Orchestidae 213

Oncinopus 5

orbicularis (Leucosia) .. .. 118

orbicularis (Phlyxia) 125

Oreophorus 129

orientalis (Plagusia) 110

orientalis (Thenus) 170

orientalis (Scyllarus) 170

ornata (Cyproidia) 230

ornatus (Palinurus) 171

Oryx (Hyastenus) 20

Ourozeuktes, sp 284

Ourozeuktes 283

Ourozeuktinfe 283

ovatus (Malicarcinus) 114

Owenii (Ourozeuktes) . . . . 283

Oxyrhyncha 1

Oxystomata 117

Oziinse G2

Ozius 62

Paguridea 152

Pagurus 155

Palaemon 194

Palaemonidae 193

palate ix

Palinuridae 171

Palinurus .. ,. 171

pallipes (Heterograpsus) . . . . 100

pallipes (Pseudograpsus) .. .. 100

Page

palmar border xviii

Palmensis (Penaeus) 204

palpalis (Alope) 193

Pandalidae 197

Pandalus 197

Panopceus 51

Paragrapsus 104

Paramithrax 12

Paranthura 304

Pararuppellia 74

parasiticum (Cyrtophium) .. 271

Parastacidae 174

Paratanais 306

Parathoe 30

Paratymolidae 142

Paratymolus 142

Parthenopc 35

Parthenopidae 30

Parthenopinse 30

parvirostris (Micippa) . . . . 23

pavonina (Angasia) 185

pedunculatus (Cancer) 155

pedunculatus (Pagurus) .. .. 155

pelagica (Lupea) 77

pelagicus (Cancer) 77

pelagicus (G-rapsus) 98

pelagicus (Neptunus) . . . . 77

Penseidea .. .„ 198

Penaeidae 198

Penseus 198

penicillatus (Astacus) 172

penicillatus (Palinurus) . . . . ] 72
pentagonus (Gonatonotus) . . 38

pereion xvi

pereiopoda xviii

pericardial sinus x

Periceridae 27

Pericerinae 27

Peronii (Actaea) 46

Peronii (Grapsus) 98

Peronii (Matuta) 134

peronii (Paramithrax) .. .. 13

Peronii (Xantbo) 46

Perryi (Leucosia) 119

Persephona 132

personatus (Grapsus) 97

petasma vi

Petleyi (Phlyxia) 125

Petrocheles 147

Petrolisthes 145

Pherusa 245

Philyra 123

Phlyxia 124

Phoxides ., 236

Phoxus 236

phyllobranchiae xv

Phymodius 59

picta (Matuta) 135

Pilumnopeus 70

322

INDEX.

Page
Pilumnus 64

pinguis (TJrothoc) 240

Pinnixa 113

Pinnothera 113

Pinnotheridse 112

Pinnotherinse 112

Piunophylax (Cancer) 136

Pisa 13

Plagusia 110

Plagusiinre 109

planata (Leucosia) 11-1

planatum (Hymenosoma) . . .. 114

planatus (Cancer) 114

planatus (Ralicarcinus) . . ..114

Planes 99

planipes (Matuta) 135

planissimns (Acanthopus) .. .. 112

planissimus (Cancer) 112

planissimus (Leiolophus) . . . . 112
platycheles (Mycteris) .. .. 117

plebejus (Astacoides) 175

plebejus (Astacopsis) 175

plebejus (Penceus) 198

pleon xyi

pleopoda xviii

plenron vi

Pleurophricus 22

plicata (Nursia) 127

plicalus (Cancer) 127

Podocerides 2G6

Podocerus 270

Podophthalmata 1

podophthalmite x

podophthalmus (Macrophthalmus) 88

polita (Leucosia) 120

polybioides (Lissocarcinus) .. 83

Polycheria 262

Porcellana 147

porcellana (Leucosia) 1 24

porcellana (Phibyra) 124

Porcellanidea 145

porcellanus (Cancer) 124

Porcellio 279

Portunidse 76

Potamobius 174

pravidactyla (Talorchestia) .. 218
prehensile limbs . . . . ., . . . viii

Preissii (Astacopsis) 177

Preissii (Cheeraps) 177

procerite ix

propodos viii

propoditc viii

Protella .._ 311

proteus (Huenia) 9

protogastric region xiii

Proto 310

protopoditc vi

prymna (Cancer) 80

prymna (Thalamita), 80

Page

Pseudocarcinus 52

Pseudosquilla 209

pterygostomial region .. .. xiv
pubescens (Cymodocea) . . . . 290

pubescens (Leucosia) 119

pubescens (Sphceroma) 290

pugilator (Actumnus) . . . . 72
pulchella (Porcellana) .. .. 148
pulcherrirna (Arcania) .. .. 131
pulcherrima (Leucosia) . . . . 119

punctatus (Anisopus) 84

punctatus (Cyclograpsus) . . . . 104
punctatus (Cycloxanthus) . . . . 50

punctatus (Icilius) 275

punctulatus (Pagurus) . . . . loo

pura (Actsea) 44

purpureus (Platyonychus) .. .. 84
purpurea (Haliophasma) . . . . 305
pyriformis (Ourozeuktes) . . . . 284

Quadricarinatus (Astacopsis) . . 177

quadricarinatus (Cheeraps) . , .. 177

quadrimana (Talorchestia) .. 215

quadrimana (Orchestia) .. .. 215

quadrirnanus (Amphithoe) .. 266

quinque-carinatus (Astacopsis).. 176

quinque-carinatus (Astacus) .. 176

quinque-carinatus (Cheeraps) .. 176

Quoyana (Sphseroma) . . . . 287

Ramsayi (Mcera) 253

Ramsay i (Phlyxia) 127

Ranina 143

Raninidea 143

Remipes 151

reticulata (Leucosia) US

retusa (Camposcia) 4

Rhode (Alpheus) 18S

Rhynchocinetes 179

Rhynchocyclus 182

Rocinela 285

roseus (Cancer) 42

roseus (Carpilius) 42

roseus (Atergatis) 42

rostratum (Hymenosoma) .. 116

rostrum vii

rotundata (Parathoc) 30

rotundata (Sesarma) 108

rubro-maculata (Mcera) .. .. 254
rugosus (Oreophorus) . . . . 1 30

rugulosus (Ozius) 63

rugulosus (Rhynchocinetes) .. 180
rupicola (Allorchestes) .. .. 222
Ruppellia 73

Saltatoria

Sandrockii (Lambrus)
sanguineus (Chlorodius)
sanguineus (Leptodius)

213
36
60
60

INDEX.

323

Pa"e

sanguinolenta (Lupea) 77

sang uinolentus (Cancer) .. .. 11

sanguinolentus (Neptunus) .. 77

Savignii (Cancer) 44

saxicola (Pararuppellia) . . . . 74

scaber (Cancer) 50

scaber (Xantho) „ 50

scaber (Xanthodes) 50

scaphicerite ix

scaphognathite ix

Schizophrys 22

Schizophrysinae 21

Schiittei (Sesarma) 109

Bculpta (Lifchadia) 129

sculpta (Dromia) 141

Scylla 78

Scyllaridae 1G8

Scgllarus 169

segments xvii

semisulcatus (Pence us) .. .. 199

senex (Diogenes) 158

serpulifera (Naxia) 21

serpulifera (Pisa) 21

serrata (Scylla) 79

serrata (Ranina) 144

serratifrons (Ozius) 70

serratifrons (Pilumnopeus) .. 70

serratus (Astacoides) 174

serratus (Astacopsis) 174

serratus (Cancer) 79

serratus (Cancer) f 174

serratus (Potamobius) 174

serripes (Plagusia) 112

Sesarma 107

Sesarminse 103

setifer (Eupagurus) 154

setifer (Pagurus) 154

setosa (Amphithoe) 268

setosipes (Utica) 101

setcsus (Macrophthalmus) .. 89

sexdentatus (Cyclograpsus) .. .. 100

sexdentatus (Eucrate) . . . . 86

sexdentatus (Hemigrapsus) . . . . 100

sexdentatus (Heterograpsus) .. 100

sexpes (Cancer) 71

sexpes (Hexapus) 71

Sicyonia 204

signatus (Gelasimus) 93

signatus (Helcecius) 91

sima (Thalamita) 80

similis (Sesarma) 108

sinuata (Nursilia) 128

simiatifrons (Atergalis) . . .. 42

sinuatus (Eupagurus) .. .. 153

spatulifer (Paramithrax) . . . . 14

spatulifrons (Cryptopodia) .. 37

spatidifrons (Micippa) .. .. 24

Sphaeroma 287

Sphceroma 290, 294

Paga

Sphaeromidae 2S6

Sphrerominae 286

spinicaudus (Hippolyte) .. .. 184

spinifer (Astacoides) 174

spinifer (Lambrus) 34

spinifrons (Gebia) 165

spinifrons (Mithrax) 22

spitwsa (Paramicippa) . . . . 26

spinosa (Micippa) 26

spinosa (Moera) 257

spinosirostris (Tiarinia) . . . . 28

spinosus (Halimus) 6

spinosus (Xantho) 46

spinulosa (Cilicoea) 297

spinulosus (Leptoinitbrax) . . 16

splendida (Leucosia) 119

squamosa (Plagusia) 110

squame ix

Squilla 207

Stegocephalides 225

Stegocephalus 226

stylif era (Squilla) 209

stylifera (Pscudosquilla) . . . . 209

Stenetrinaa 308

Stenetrium 308

Stenorbynchus 2

sternal membrane v

sternocostulatus (Paramithrax) 13

sternum v

Stimpsoni (Eucinetops) . . . . 4

Stimpsoni (Thalamita) . . . . 80

strenuus (Alpheus) 18S

stricta (Idotea) 276

strigilatus (Grapsus) 97

strigosus (Cancer) 97

strigosus (Grapsus) 97

striolatus (Clibanarius) .. ..159

sub-carinata ^egaincera) ., 260

subdentatum (Armadillidium) . . 279

subhepatic region xiv

subpellucidus (Oncinopus) .. 5
subquadratus (Chasmaguathus) 106

subserratus (Mencethius) .. .. 9

suensis (Megamcera) 260

superciliosa (Micippa) .. .. 25

sylvaticus (Talitrus) 214

Talitrus 213

Talorchestia 215

Tanaidse 306

Tanaidea 306

Tanainae 306

TasmanicKS (Astacoides) .. .. 178
Tasmanicus (Astacopsis) .. ..178

Telphusa 85

Telphusidae 85

telson xviii

tenuicaudata (Ciliccea) .. .. 295
tenuicornis (Glycerina) . . . . 234

324

I2TDEX.

Page
tenuicornis (Paratanais) . . . . 307
tenuipes (Amplii trite) . . . . 83
tenuipes (Microdeutopus).. .. 246
tenuipes (Polycheria) . . . . 262
tenuirostris (Caridina) . . . . 183
tenuirostris (Chlorinoides) . . 18

tenuis (Caprella) 312

tergum v

temB-reginse (Calcinus) .. .. 158
terraa-reginse (Pilumnus) . . . . 68
terrae-reginse (Talorcbestia) .. 217
testudinarius (Remipes) . . . . 151

Thalamita ' 79

Thalassina 166

Thalassinida? 166

Thalassinidea 164

Thenus 170

Tlmkujar (Grapsus) 99

Thukujar (Goniograpsus) . . . . 99

Tiarinia 27

Tlos 130

tomentosa (Actrea) 44

tomentosa (Plagusia) Ill

tomentosus (Actmodes) 44

tomentosus (Actumnus) . . . . 73
tomentosus (Neptunus) . . . . 78
tomentosus (Pilumnus) . . . . 67

tomentosus (Zozymus) 44

tranquebarica (Lupea) 79

Iranqucbarica (Scylla) .. . . 79
tntnquebaricus (Portunus) . . .. 79
transversa (Porcellana) .. .. 150
transversa (Telphusa) . . . . 85

Trapezia 75

trapeziformis (Eriphia) .. .. 75

trichobranchise x

Trichopus 103

tridentata (Cerceis) 293

tridentatum (Hymenosoma) .. 114
tridentatus (Lyreidus) .. .. 144
trigonocephala (Ceratothoa) . . 282

triloba (Porcellana) 149

triloba (Porcellanella) . . . . 149

trispinosus (Cerceis) 295

trispinosus (Betseus) 192

trispinosus (Gonodactylus) . . 211

tristis (Carpilodes) 56

truncatipes (Halimus) . . . . 6

truncatus (Ozius) 63

truncifrons (Caridina) .. .. 183
tubcrculata (Calappd) .. .. 136
tuberculata (Cymodocea) . . . . 292
tuberculata (Harrovia) . . . . 39
tuberculata (Plagusia) .. .. 110
tuberculosa (Persephona) . . .. 132
tuberculosus (Nectocarcinus) .. S2
tumidus (Gonatorhynchus) .. 10
tumidus (Halimus) 6

Page

tumidus (Palinur us) 172

turriger (Lambrus) 32

typica (Haplocbeira) 269

typus (Rhynehocinetes) .. .. ISO

TJngulatus ( Phymodius) .. .. 59

unqulatus (Chlorodius) .. .. 59

unidentata (Leucosia) .. .. 118

urogastric region xiii

Urothiie 240

ursus (Arctus) 169

ursus-minor {Cancer) 169

Utica 101

Vagantia 213

vaillantianus (Carpilodes) .. 57

variatus (G-elasimus) 94

variegatus (Cancer) 97

variegatus (Grapsus) .. .. 97
variegatus (Zcptograpsus) . . .. 97
variuni (Hymenosoma) .. .. 115

rurius (Hymenicus) 115

Varuna 102

venous ostia xix

Verreauxi 89

Verreauxi (Grapsus) 98

Verreauxi (Leptograpsus) . . . . 98
Verreauxi (Paragrapsus) . . .. 105
verrucauda (Sphoeroma) . . . . 288

vespertilio (Cancer) 65

vespertilio (Pilumnus) .. .. 65

vestitus ( Pilumnus) 68

victor (Cancer) 133

victor (Matuta) 134

victrix (Matuta) 133

vigilans (Rocinela) 285

vigintispinosa (Porcellana) . . 14S

villosus (Alpheus) 187

villosus (Palcemon) 187

villosus (Phoxus) 236

Virbius 186

viridis (Moera) 255

vocans (Cancer) 92

vocans (Gelasimus) 92

"Whitei (Leucosia)
Whitei (Cyclograpsus)
Wyvillea

118
104
261

Xantbasia 113

Xanthinse 40

Xantho 46,60,61

Xantbodes 49

Xenocarcinus 7

Xenocheira 268

Zebrida 3S

zooea xii

Zozymus 57

Zuzara 299

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA,

Introd., p. xvi., line 21, for Orchestia read Talorchestia.

p. 27, line 20, for Tiarmia read Tiabjnia.

p. 53, lines 16 and 17, for Minippe read Menippe.

p. 65, lines 15 and 16, for monilifera read monilifer.

p. 70, add another species : —

Pilumnus integer.

Pilumnus integer, Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. vi.,
p. 545.

Carapace deep, very convex antero-posteriorly, regions very
indistinctly indicated, postero-lateral borders parallel. Surface
finely granular. Front rather prominent, narrow (the breadth
of the interorbital space being contained three and a half times
in the breadth of the carapace), divided into two rounded lobes
by a mesial notch. Antero-lateral borders entire. Chelipedes
in the male very large, — the right propodos larger than the left —
the latter granular over all the outer surface with the exception
of a triangular space near the base of the mobile finger, the
former only granular near the base, a granular ridge near the
lower border of the propoda of both chelipedes, becoming entire
on the digital portion to the apex of which it extends. Margins
of carapace and limbs ornamented with fringes of hairs. Colour
brick-red. Length of carapace -fy in ; breadth nearly | in.

Port Jackson.

p. 71, lines 17 and 18, for Pararupellia read Pararuppellia.

p. 228. — The species on which the genus Neobule was founded
belongs to the Orchestidce, and is allied to the form afterwards
named by me Aspidoplwreia.

ADDENDA ET COEBIGENDA.

p. 308, add another species : —

Apseudes obtusifrons.

Apseudes obtusifrons, Haswell, 1. c, p. 748, pi. vi.

Head as long as the two following segments, crossed by oblique
grooves in the form of an X ; rostrum short, rounded. Pleon as
long as the four last segments of the pereion, ciliate at the sides,
the last segment short, its apex bifid. Upper antennae with the
peduncle very stout, first segment nearly as long as the head,
second segment about a third of the length of the first, third
segment small ; flagellum shorter than the peduncle, with nine
segments ; secondary flagellum with six segments. Outer antennae
rather longer than the peduncle of the inner ; basal and second
joints of the peduncle thicker than the rest, each with a small
ovate, ciliated process ; third and fourth joints very small, fifth
greatly elongated ; flagellum with six segments. Mandibles
with the palp short, uniarticulate. Maxillipedes richly ciliated
internally. First pair of legs with the propodos oval, produced
below into a finger which has two low tubercles at its base ; both
carpus and propodos thickly clothed with long slender hairs.
Second pair of thoracic limbs expanded and foliaceous ; carpus
with two short stout spines on its outer border ; propodos with
four longer spines on its outer border, and another internal to the
insertion of the dactylos ; dactylos taking the form of an ovate
plate, closely fringed terminally with fine hairs. Third and
fourth pairs of thoracic appendages similar, with the propodos
rather short, the dactylos long and very slender ; fifth and sixth
pairs with the propodos longer, armed with straight setae; dactylos
very small, penicillate ; last pair smaller than the rest. Inner
flagellum of caudal appendage with 17 joints ; outer very short,
two- jointed. Length f in.

Port Jackson (dredged on a sandy bottom).

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

Plate I.

Fig. 1. Xanthodes atromanus, p. 49.

„ 2. Panopoeus acutidens, p. 51.

„ 3. Pilumnus monilifer, p. 65.

„ 4. Pilumnus fimbriatus, p. 66.

„ 5. Pilumnus terrse-reginse, p. 68.

„ 6. Pilumnus fissifrons, p. 68.

„ 7. Melia (P) brevipes, p. 72.

Plate II.

Fig. 1. Pilumnopeus serratifrons, p. 70 ; 1 a, 1 b, chelipedes.
„ 2. Utica setosipes, p. 101.
„ 3. Utica crassimana, p. 102.
„ 4. Paragrapsus Gaimardii, p. 105 ; 4 a, 4 b, chelipedes.

Plate III.

Fig. 1. Paragrapsus quadridentatus, p. 105; 1 a, chelipedes.
„ 2. Hymenosoma australe, p. 115; 2 a, chelipede.
„ 3. Phlyxia Petleyi, p. 125.
„ 4. Dromia conchifera, p. 141.
„ 5. Gebia spinifrons, p. 165 ; 5 a, upper view of carapace.

Plate IV.

Fig. 1. Lysianassa nitens, p. 232; 1 a, anterior gnathopoda ; 1 b, inferior
antennae, x 22.

„ 2. Lysianassa affinis, p. 232 ; 2 a, inferior antennae ; 2 b, anterior
gnathopoda, x 22.

„ 3. Glycerina tenuicornis, p. 234, magnified.

„ 4. Icilius australis. p. 275, magnified; 4 a, first pair of pereiopoda;
4 b, second pair.

P1.I.

6.H B.delh

S iedgfield. Lith.

pi.h

G.H.B ilelt

S.SedqMeld. Li^h

F1.I

5 a

GHB.de

S-Sedqhpld. Lirh.

P1.IV

K'HB delt

S Sedqfield Lith

(i>y

i: