mm sir. 1 I • ; BI LI BRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA GIFT OK Received 5Y Accessions No. Slielf No. GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OP CANADA, ALFRED E. C. SELWYN, C.M.G., LLD., F.RS., F.G.S., DIRECTOR. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS PART IV.-ENDOGENS. JOHN MACOUIsr-, M.A., F.L.S., F.E.S.O., Naturalist to the Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada. DAWSON BROTHERS. 1888. U.t-5 BIOLOGY LIBRARY G PREFACE. PAET IT. The first volume of this Catalogue of Canadian Plants consists of three parts separately published and bearing date 1883, 1884 and 1886 respectively. Part I. includes the Polypetalse, Part II. the Gamopetalse, Part III. the Apetalse and Gymnosperms. Part IY., now issued, is devoted to the Endogens, and forms the first portion of Yolume II. of t lie Catalogue. Part Y. will include the ferns and their allies with the mosses and liverworts, and it is intended in Part VI. to catalogue the lichens, , fungi and seaweeds. Over 2,000 species of named cryptogamous plants, to be catalogued in Parts Y. and VI., are now in the herbarium, and it is probable that the number will be raised to 2,500 before these parts are published, so that the entire work will enumerate about 5,500 species of plants (indigenous and introduced) found growing without cultivation within the limits of Canada. Since the publication of Part- III, extensive collections have been made by James M. Macoun on the snoreslind islands of James Bay. Dr. G. M. Dawson has made valuable and interesting notes and collections in that part of the North- West Territories bordering on Alaska. The writer spent five months collecting on Yancouverlsland and gathered much valuable information regarding its flora. That part of this addi- tional information which is applicable to the Endogens is included in the present issue. In accordance with the plan adopted at the commencement of the work, I have placed myself in communication with specialists in the various orders and have had their assistance in the determining and verifying of critical or new species. As on former occasions, Dr. Sereno "Watson has rendered valuable assistance, especially in the Liliacese and Juncacese. In the NaiadacesB I have had very much help from Mr. Arthur Bennett, F.L.S., Croydon, England, and from Rev. Thomas Morong, Ashland, Mass. These gentlemen, by examination and comparison of authentic II PREFACE. specimens, have enabled me to give a very satisfactory account of our Eiver-weeds. W. H. Beeby, A.L.S., London, England, and Mr. Morong have contributed critical notes on the Spargania of Canada Mr. Beeby having sent my specimens to Norway in order that our northern forms might be compared with Scandinavian types. The genus Carex, as was to be expected, gave rise to many perplex- ing questions. Besides availing myself of Prof. L. H. Bailey's mono- graph of the genus, I sent him many specimen s of critical species, and have embodied in the text his remarks and occasionally his descriptions of new species and varieties. While not agreeing with him in every particular, his determinations have generally been ac- cepted as conclusive. Mr. Bennet has rendered invaluable assistance, and besides comparing my specimens with those in his own herbarium has transmitted them to Kew and to Scandinavian specialists for com- parison with the types. From his remarks it is quite evident that the correct nomenclature of our northern carices is not yet settled. To the veteran botanist, Dr. Yasey, of the Agricultural Department at Washington, I am deeply indebted. For many years he has examined critical species and confirmed my determinations of the Graminese from all parts of Canada. All the species in this order are named in accordance with his catalogues, and in every case his de- cision has been taken as final. In arranging the orders and genera I have followed Bentham & Hooker's Genera Plantarum, and the authority for the genus, as given by them, I have accepted. The preparation of this portion of the Catalogue has entailed much labour, on my part, and though conscious that the results accomplished are far from perfect, I would ask the indulgent criticisms of botanists who can well appreciate the difficul- ties of the work. JOHN MACOUN. OTTAWA, June, 1888. \v /* ENDOGENS. Oil. HYDROCHARIDACE^E. FROG'S-BIT FAMILY. 585. ELODEA, Michx. Fl. I., 20. (WATER-WEED.) (2208.) E. Canadense, Planchon. Michx. Fl. I., 20. Udora Oanadensis, Nutt. Gen. II., 242. U. verticillata, Spreng. Hook. Fl. II., 193. Anacharis Canadensis, Planchon. Gray, Man. Ed. V. 495. Macoun, Cat., No. 1756. Serpicula ocddentalis, Pursh. Fl. L, 33. Very abundant in still waters of rivers, and in lakes and ponds throughout Quebec and Ontario. Although it makes a luxuriant growth in summer, it never chokes Canadian streams, as the frosts of winter destroy it. (Macoun.) Souris Eiver, Assiniboia. (/. M. Macoun.} Canada to the Saskatchewan. {Hooker, Fl.} 586. VALLISNERIA, Linn. Gen. 1097. (EEL-GRASS.) (2209.) V. spiralis, Linn. Hook. Fl., II., 192. V. Americana, Michx. Fl. II., 220. Pursh, Fl. II., 602. Not uncommon in slow-flowing rivers and shallow borders of lakes. Its range is rather wider than the last, but it is not so plentiful. In shallow water, St. Stephen, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Near Prince's Lodge, Halifax. (Lawson.) In a small lake near North Sydney, Cape Breton Island. (Macoun.) St. Lawrence Eiver, near Point St. Charles, Mon- treal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Common at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) St. Lawrence, and everywhere common in streams inland and north- 1 2 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ward from Prescott and Brockville. (Billings.) Common in the Bay of Quinte, and in all the streams and lakes discharging into it ; Scugog River, at Lindsay, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Kingston, Ont. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Gore Bay, Vermont Harbor, Manitoulin Islands. (J. Bell.) GUI. ORCHIDACE^E. (ORCHID FAMILY.) 587. MICROSTYLIS, Nutt. Gen. II., 196. (2210.) M. monophyllos, Lindl. Gen. Orch. 19. Hook. Fl. II., 193. M. brachypoda, Gray. Ann. Lye., New York, III., 228. Tipularia discolor, Beck, Bot. 350. Occasional in rather damp, shady woods, but nowhere common. Little Rocher, N. B. (Fowler's Cat.) Halifax, and Bedford, N. S. (Lawson & Sommers.) South West Point, Anticosti ; along high cliffs, Gaspe* coast, near Ste. Anne des Monts. (Macoun.) Near Montreal. (Goldie.) Mer Bleue, Ont., and Hull, Q., near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In rich woods, not common at RLviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Cacouna, River St. Lawrence, Q. ; also in Peter's Swamp, London, Ont. (Burgess.) In swampy thickets near Castleton, cedar swamp, near Wooler, and two miles south of Picton, Out. ; in wet woods along Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.) (2211.) M. ophioglossoides, Nutt. Gen. II. 196. Hook. Fl. II. 193. Malaxis unifolia, Michx., Fl. II., 157. M. ophioglossoides, Pursh, Fl. II., 592. Newfoundland. (Dr. Morrison.} In several places in Kent Co., N.B., at Fredericton, Eel River and Grand Like. (Fowler, Cat.) Near Bedford and at Halifax, N.S. (Lawson & Sommers.) Very abundant in wet meadows at Louisburg, and at North Sydney, Cape Breton Island ; River de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Dry hills, Huckleberry Rapids, Riviere Rouge, Q. (D' Urban.) Dow's Swamp and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Sandy soil near Castleton and Belleville Ont ; shady woods along Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 3 <2212.) M. diphyllos, Lindl., Gen. Orch. 19. Hook. FLIT., 193. Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) 588. LIPARIS, Richard. (TWAYBLADE.) (2213.) L. Lceselii, Kichard. Hook. Fl. II., 194. Malaxis liliifolia, Richard. Pursh, Fl. II., 592 in part. In wet springy places, or on hummocks in swamps ; local but not .rare. In a boggy meadow near Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Bog, Dalhousie, N.B. (Chalmers.) Harris Cove, Lily Lake, St. Stephen, Fredericton, Grand Lake, Kennebeccasis and Eel rivers, N.B. (Fow- ler, Cat.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) In rich woods, not common at Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Dow's Swamp, swamp east of Beechwood, and other localities at Ottawa, not uncom- mon. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Wet swamp east of Belleville, and on logs in a pond, Oak Hills, Hastings Co. ; also on logs in a swamp near • Campbellford, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Peat bogs near London, Ont. (Burgess.) Canada to Carleton House Fort, Saskatche- wan. (Hooker, Fl.) 589. CALYPSO, Salisb. (CALYPSO.) -(2214.) C. borealis, Salisb. Hook. Fl. II., 195. Pursh Fl. II., 593. On moss in deep, shady woods,' from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Uova Scotia. (Menzies.) Bather common in shady woods, having been detected by many collectors in N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Chalmers.) Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; cool woods, Gasp6 Basin. (Macoun.) Along the Biver Ste. Anne des Monts, Q. (Porter.) Common in rich woods ar, Biviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Vicinity of Montreal, 1822. (Dr. Holmes.) Bather rare, vicinity of Ottawa. (F etcher, Fl. Ott.) At Belleville in dry cedar swamps , and numerous other places in central Ontario ; also woods on Pie Island, Lake Superior, and around Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Shore of Lake Medad, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Mossy bogs, Owen Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., to the northern end of Lake Winnipeg; very local. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Extremely rare in the Bocky Mountains, only noticed at Donald, 4 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Columbia Valley ; abundant in all shady woods in British Columbia and Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Dean or Salmon Eiver, B.C. Ca'ssar Trail, 36 miles west of Dease Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Canada to Bear Lake Eiver; also from Hudson Bay to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) 590. APLECTRUM, Nutt. Gen. II., 197. (PUTTY-ROOT.) (2215.) A. hyemale, Nutt. Hook. Fl. II., 194. Cymbidium hyemale, Pursh, FL, II., 593. Corallorhiza hiemalis, Nutt, Journ. AcacL.PhiL III., 139. Eather rare in rich woods. Beechwood, near Ottawa. (Lt. Col. Wm.. White.) Miriwin's woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Wm. Anderson's woods, Prince Edward Co., woods near Belleville, Hastings Co., and in Simon Terrill's woods, Brighton, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Eich woods, not common near London, Ont. (Burgess.) Mandannin, Lambton Co., Ont. (J. Morrison, Jr.) Between Norway House and. Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan Eivor. (Hooker FL) 591. CORALLORHIZA, R. Br. (CORAL-ROOT.) (2216.) C. innata, E. Br. Hook. Fl. II., 194. C. verna, Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phil. III., 136. Eather rare, but widely distributed, being found in deep cool woods from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Windsor, Pictou, Truro, Strait of Canso, Guysboro Co., N. S. (Sommers, Cat.) North Woods, Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgets.) Black .Eiver, in Nor- thumberland Co., Carleton and Andover, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eich woods, Eiviere du Loup, Q. • (Thomas.) Table Top Mountain, Gaspe", Q. (Porter.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Dow's and other swamps near Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott . ) Woods west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Prince's Island, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Big Swamp, Murray, and at Castleton, Northumberland Co. ; woods at Kakabeka Falls and on Pie Island, Lake Superior, also at Lake Nipigon, Ont, and at Manitoba House, Lake Manitoba, Man. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Beren's Eiver, Man., and Missinaibi Eiveiv CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 5 •Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) In swamps at the Kananaskis, close to Bow Eiver, Eocky Mountains ; Telegraph Trail, B.C. ; slope of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 3,500 feet. (Macoun.) Dean or Salmon Eiver, B.C. Upper Liard Eiver, lat. 61°, N.WT. (Dawson.) Kotzbue Sound and Ounalaska. (Eothr. Alask.} Lake Huron ; through- out Canada to the Saskatchewan Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) .(2217.) C. odontorhiza, Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phil. III. 137. C. Wisteriana, Conrad. Journ. Acad. Phil. VI., 145. Cymbidium Odontorhizon, Pursh, Fl. II., 593. Ophrys corallorhiza, Michx., Fl. II., 158. The occurrence of this plant in any part of Canada, except in south- western Ontario, is still a matter of doubt, as all the specimens hitherto supposed to be this species, except from that district? have proved to be C. irinata. Three-mile House woods, near Halifax, N.S. (Sommers.) Woods along Lake Erie,' Norfolk Co., Ont. (Dr. Mchol.) Papineau woods, near Montreal, 1822. (Dr. Holmes.') Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) -2218. C. multiflora, Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phil. III., 138. Hook. Fl. II., 194. C. innata, Nutt. Gen. II., 194. Eich, shady woods, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.} Halifax, N.S. >(Sommers.) North Woods, near Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.} Campbellton, N. B. (Chalmers.} Eather common in Kent Co., also at St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Eich woods, Eiviere du Loup, Q. .(Thomas.) Beechwood and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.} Woods, common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Under evergreens in woods at Castleton, Seymour, Brighton, Picton, and Belleville, also at Owen Sound, the Pic and Nipigon rivers, and along the east shore of Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.} Woods, not common, London, Ont. (Burgess.} Owen Sound and Cockburn Islands, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.} North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.} . On mountain slopes among hemlock, at Six Mile Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.} Mountain slopes Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Daw son.} Woods near Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.} On the flanks of Mount Finlayson, also in woods at Nanaimo and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Flowering in May while Mertensiana is only in full flower in July. 6 GEOLOGICAL SURVEF OP CANADA. (2219.) C. Mertensiana, Bong. Yeg. Sitcha, 4Z ; Hook. PI. II., 194.. Coniferous woods west of the Rocky Mountains ; Telegraph Trail ^ B.C.; woods around Mount Finlayson, and very abundant on the flanks of Mounts Arrowstnith and Mark, and on the portage from Qualicum to Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, B.C. (Fletcher.') Salmon Eiver, B.C. ; also Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2220.) C. striata, Lindl. Orch. 534. C. Macraei, Gray. Man. Ed. V, 510, Macoun's Cat., No. 1799. Very local and very rare, though it has a wide range. Caledonia Springs, Ont. (Macrae.) Beechwood, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eenfrew, Oat. (Rev. C. J. Young.) Rocky woods along North Eiver, about four miles* above Eound Lake, Peterboro Co., Ont., also on the top of the high bank below the C.P.E. bridge, Nipigon Eiver. (Macoun.) Woods, London, very rare, and at Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) North, shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz) Sooke, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.')' In a swamp at the Kananaskis, Bow Eiver Pass and at the summit of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. Not uncommon at Oak Bay and in. woods around Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 592. LISTERA, R. Br. (TWAYBLADE.) (2221.) L. cordata, E. Br. Hook. Fl.IL, 204. Ophrys cordata, Michx. Fl. II., 158. Not uncommon in cool woods from the Atlantic to the Pacific,. Newfoundland and Labrador. (Dr. Morrison.) Pictou, N.S., and Cape Breton Island. (McKay.) Truro, N.S. (Lyndsay.) North Mountain near Annapolis, and Pirate's Cove. Gut of Canso, N.S. ; also woods- North Sydney, Cape Breton Island. (Macoun & Burgess.) Kouchibou- guacand Dorchester, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bald Mountain, Tobique Eiver, N.B (Hay.) Portland, N.B. (Matthews.) Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gaspd, Q. (Porter.) Eich woods, Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.)' Swamp at the foot of the Oak Hills. Hastings Co., also in a swamp near Owen Sound, Ont. ; very abundant in woods north of Otter Head, and at Current Eiver, Lake Superior ; One-mile portage Nipigon Eiver, and Logan's Island, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in mountain woods from Silver City through the mountains to the coast, and common everywhere in. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 7 cool woods on Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Salmon Kiver, and Iltasyouco Kiver, B.C. (Dawson.) Ounalaska. (Eothr. Alask.} Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatchewan, and from the Straits of De Fuca to Alaska. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2222.) L. convallarioides, Nutt. Hook. Fl. II., 204. L. Eschschohiana, Cham. Linnsea III., 33. Epipactis convallanoides, Pursh, Fl. II., 591. Not very common but extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific through the cool forest region. DaJhousie, N. S. {McKay.) North Mountain, near Annapolis, N.S., and in damp woods at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton Island. (Macoun & Burgess.} On the brink of a densely shaded brook, near the Manse, Bass Kiver, Upper St. John and Madawaska rivers, also near Campellton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.} Dal- housie, N.B. (Chalmers.} Nashwaaksis, N.B. ( Froom.) Woods along the Gasp6 coast and in woods up the Ste. Anne des Monts Kiver, Gasps', Q. {Macoun. Porter.} Kich woods, Kiviere duLoup, Q. (Thomas.} Hil- ton, near Owen Sound, and Cockburn Harbor, Georgian Bay. {J. Sell.} Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. {R. Bell.} Shore of Lake Huron, near Wiarton, wo'ods near Current Kiver, along the north- east coast, and on Pie Island, Lake Superior ; in wet woods along Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.} Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Oxford House, Keewatin. {R. Bell.) Common in the Kocky Mountains, from the Kananaskis to Donald on the Columbia ; abundant on the mountains on Vancouver Island and at Cameron and Home Lakes. {Macoun.) Ounalaska. {Rothr. Alask.) Near Que- bec and Lake Huron ; also in shady woods in mountain swamps at the base of the Rocky Mountains ; on the north-west coast at Clarence Straits and Ounalaska. (Hooker, Fl.) 593. SPIRANTHES, Richard. (LADIES TRESSES.) (2223.) S. latifolia, Torr. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 504. S. plantaginea, Torr. Fl. N. York, II., 284. Occasionally in damp, grassy places. Titusville, Andover, North Mountain, Tobique and Eel rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Windsor, N.S. (Howe.) Halifax, N.S. {Sommers.) In a marshy meadow at Belle- ville; rich, moist woods at Niagara Falls, Ont. {Macoun.} Gravelly river flat, London; Southampton, Ont. {Burgess.) 8 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2224.) S. Romanzoviana, Chamisso. S. cernua, Rich. Hook. Fl. II., 202 in part. Not uncommon on wet sand OF in bogs, along rivers and lakes from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.} New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.} Pictou, Truro and Sandpoint, N.S. ; Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Sommers, Cat.) Siscomb Eiver, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Magdalen Islands. (Richardson .) Kouchibouguac, Eichibucto, Campbellton, King's and St. John's Co's., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} South West Point, Anti- costi ; Big Swamp, Murray, shore of Lake Ontario at Presqu'ile Point, also shore of Lake Huron at Red Bay, Ont. (Macoun.) Sault Ste. Marie. (Mrs. Saunders.} Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., and on Charlton Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) God's Lake, N. E. of Lake Winnipeg (R. Bell.} Bow Eiver valley at Calgary, and rather common in sand along the Bow Eiver at Silver City, Eocky Moun- tains ; also in Beaver Creek valley, at Six Mile Creek, Selkirk Moun- tains; common at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, and at Home Lake and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} New Westminster, B.C. (Fletcher.} Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Ounalaska. (Rothr. Alask.} Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.} • {2225.) S. cernua, Eichard. Hook. Fl. II., 202, in part. Neottia cernua, Pursh, Fl. II., 589. Ophrys cernua, Michx., Fl. II., 158. The limits of this and the preceding species are not very well de- fined, and references to this form may in reality belong to the next. Dartmouth and Halifax, N.S. (Lawson & Sommers.} Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Wet places, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.} Lobster Bay; Long Point, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr} In the neighbor- hood of bogs, Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.} Cote St. Paul, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.} Lake Flora, Hull, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Moist ground west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} The Dell, Ancaster, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Boggy meadow near the Hop Yard, Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.} Peter's Swamp, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.} Drummond Island and McLeod's Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.} (2226.) S. gracilis, Bigelow. Hook. Fl. II., 2,02. Open woods and grassy slopes, not uncommon, but local. Windsor. Halifax, Pictou, Truro and at Oyster Ponds, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.} Abundant along the railway cuttings at Truro, N.S. (Macoun.} Eoadside, Pictou, N.S. (Burgess.} Caledonia, Guysboro CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 9 Co., N.S. (Faribault.} Bale Verte and Petitcodiac, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.} Lobster Bay ; Little River, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.} Aylmer, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Eocky woodlands west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.} Sandy soil in woods, valley of the Humber, Toronto. (Burgess.} Sandy plains at Castleton, Ont. ; also along Lake Huron, at Red Bay, and abundant in swamps along White River, north of Lake Superior, and also at Rainy Lake, Ont. (Macoun.} Obser- vation Point, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.} From Lake Huron to Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie River. (Hooker, Fl.) 594. COODYERA, R. Br. (RATTLESNAKE-PLANTAIN.) (2227.) G. repens, R. Br. Hook. Fl. II., 203. Neottia repens, Pursh, Fl. II., 589. Satyrium repens, Michx., Fl. II., 157, in part. Rather common in cool mossy woods, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.} Pirate Cove and Annapolis, N.S. (Burgess & Macoun.} Very common throughout the forests of New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Mary's River and other points, AntL costi ; also woods along the Gasp6 coast, Q. (Macoun.) Slopes of Mount Albert, Gaspe. (Porter.} Vicinity of Quebec and Island of Orleans, Q. (Thomas.} Stewarton, near Ottawa, and Eastman's Springs, Ont. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Cedar swamps throughout all the northern counties of Ontario and extending westerly to the Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.) Blood River, Lake Winnipeg, and abundant between that lake and Lake Mistassini. (J. M. Macoun.} Between Pine River and Dunvegan, Peace River. (Dawson.) Not uncommon in northern Manitoba and in the foot-hills of the Rocky Mountains, at the Kananaskis. (Macoun.) Mountain woods of the .Rocky Moan- tains, and from the Saskatchewan to Fort Franklin. (Hooker, Fl.} (2228.) C. pubescens, R. Br. Hook., Fl. II., 204. Neottia pubescens, .Pursh, Fl. II., 590. Satyrium repens, Michx., Fl. II., 157, in part. Rather rare. Always prefers dry woods in Ontario. Newfound- land. (Miss Brenton.} New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Wag- home.} Salmon River, Truro, and Canso, Guysboro Co. (Sommers, Cat.} The above references probably belong to the preceding species. (Macoun.} Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Lake, N.B. (Hay.} Ste. Anne de la Perade, Q. (St. Cyr.} Gravelly and rich woods, Sey- 10 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. mour, Northumberland Co. ; Belleville, and near the Oak Hills, Hast- ings Co., Ont. (Macoun.} Sulphur Spring, Ancaster, Ont. (Logie.} St. Joseph Island, Gore Bay, and Thompson Point, north of Lake Huron. (J. Bell.} Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior; on good soil. (R. Bell} Rich woods, London, and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.} North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.} (2229.) C. Menziesii, Lindl. Orchid., 492. Spiranthes decipiens, Hook., Fl. II., 203. Eich woods, taking the place of G. pubescens west of Lake Huron. Lake Huron. (G-oldie.} Lake Simcoe, Ont. (Drummond.} Manitoulin Island. (Mrs. Saunders.) Woods, Manitoulin Islands, and at Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.} Eather common along Beaver Creek, Selkirk Eange ; also abundant in all evergreen woods throughout Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Flathead Eiver, B.C., and Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.} Near the sources of the Columbia Eiver, Eocky Mounting. (Drummond.} 595. ARETHUSA, Linn. Gen. 1014. (ARETHUSA.) (2230.) A. bulbosa, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 201; Pursh, Fl. II., 590.. Peat bogs, common eastward. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.} Halifax and Mahone Bay, Lunenburg Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.} Peat bog, North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. ; also in a bog at North Sydney coal mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.} Glenelg, GuysboroCo., N.S. (Faribault.} Eichibucto, Fredericton, Norton, Chipman, and Musquash, N~. B. (Fowler, Cat.} St. Stephen, N.B. (Vroom.} Very rare in Gomin's woods and swamp near Quebec. (Thomas.} Swamp at Three Rivers, Q., 1822. (Dr. Holmes.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, F I. Ott.} Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland, Co., Ont. (Macoun.} Mossy bogs, Westminster Ponds, London, Ont. Very rare. (Burgess.} 596. CALOPOCON, R. Br. (CALOPOGON.) (2231.) C. pulchellus, E. Br. Hook., Fl. II., 202. Cymbidium pulchellum, Pursh, Fl. II., 592. Limodorum tuberosum, Michx., Fl. II., 159. Peat bogs, not common. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.} New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.} Halifax, Pictou and. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. It Mahone Bay, N.S. ; Cape Breton. (Sommers, Cat.) Abundant in a. peat bog at North Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Smith's bog, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Magdalen Islands. (McKay.) Peat bogs, Eichibucto, Kouchibouguac, and Day's mills^ N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Henri, Le'vis Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Common at Quebec, in Gomin's woods. (Thomas.) Abundant in bogs near the Indian village, Kiviere Eouge, Q. (D' Urban.) Savanne, near Mon- treal, 1821. ( Dr. Holmes.) Bogs ; abundant in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Ft. Ott.) Bay, west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; border of a lake near Mar- mora village, and in a swamp, Huntingdon, North Hastings ; also shore of Lake Huron, at Chicken Bay, Ont. (Macoun.) Westminster Ponds and mossy bogs, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) 597. POCONIA, Juss. Gen. 65. (POGONIA.) (2232.) P. ophioglossoides, Ker., Bot. Keg. 148. Hook.,. Fl. II., 201. Arethusa ophioglossoides, Pursh, Fl. II., 590; Michx., Fl. II., 159- Peat bogs, not common in Ontario. Newfoundland. (Dr. Morrison.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, Pictou and Mahone Bay, N.S. ; Capo Breton. (Sommers, Cat.) In a peat bog at North Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Scarce about Eichibucto and Fredericton ; abundant at Tomlinson's Lak^ ; at Clifton, Andover, and Tay's mills, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Charles, Bellechasse Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) In a swamp at Three Eivers, Q., 1822. (Dr. Holmes.) Common in bogs near the Indian Tillage, Kiviere Kouge, Argenteuil Co , Q. (D' Urban.) Kare at Quebec, in Gomin's woods. (Thomas.) Peat bogs, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; swamp, Dummer, Peter- boro Co., and at Hooper's Lake, North Hastings ; swamp and marsh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Bog at Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Westminster Ponds, London Ont. (Saunders.. Millman.) Mossy bogs, London and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) (2233.) P. pendula, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 202. Triphora pendula, Nutt., Gen. II., 193. Arethusa pendula, Pursh, Fl. II., 590. A.parviflora, Michx., Fl. II., 160. Damp woods, Canada. (G-oldie vide Hooker.) We have never seen a Canadian specimen of this species. It should be looked for in south western Ontario. 12 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. <2234.) P. verticillata, Nutt. Gen. II., 192. Arethusa verticillata, Pursh, Fl. II., 591. A. medeoloides, Pursh, Fl. II., 591. Low damp woods, Komoka, Ont. ; rare. {Burgess. Millman.) 598. EPIPACTIS, R. Br. (2235.) E. gigantea, Dougl. Hook., Fl. II., 202. E. Americana, Lindl., Orchid. 462. Under evergreens, at Osoyoos Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) 599. ORCHIS, Linn. Gen. 1009. (ORCHIS.) <2236.) O. spectablis, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 195 ; Pursh, Fl. II. 587. 0. humtiis, Michx., Fl. II., 155. Kich low woods, rather rare. Keswick, and at Eel Eiver, Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Gomin's wood, Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.} Stewart's bush and other locali- ties near Ottawa, hot uncommon. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's woods and elsewhere around Prescott, Ont. ; common. (Billings.) Eich 'woods near Belleville, Hastings Co. ; also at Castleton and Campbellford, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2237.) O. aristata, Fisch. Hook., Fl. II., 195. 0. latifolia, Linn. Rothrock's Alaskan Plants, 456. Ounalashka. (Chamisso vide Hooker.) .(2238.) O. rotundifolia, Gray, Amer. Journ. Sci. CXIV., 72. Pursh, Fl. II., 588. Habenaria rotundifolia, Rich. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 500, Macoun, Cat., No. 1773. Platanthera rotundifolia, Lindl. Orchid. 286. Occasionally met with in peat bogs; commoner westward. Eiviere de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.) In damp woods near Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Mingan Islands, Q. (St. Gyr.) Very abundant in the big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. Dow's swamp, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; also South CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 13 Twin Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.} Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden} Lake "Winnipeg. (Bach.} Slopes of Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.} Damp woods, Lake Win- nipegoosis ; in the foot-hills at Morley and westward to Silver City, Rocky Mountains ; also in a bog on the Rocky Mountain Portage, Peace River Canon, lat. 56°, and at McLeod's Lake, B.C., lat. 55°. (Macoun.} Banff, Rocky Mountain. (Prof. Fowler.} Between Fort Churchill and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (Dr. Rae.} Greenland. (Lange.} 600. HABENARIA, Willd. Spec. IV., 44. (REIN-ORCHIS.) (2239.) H. tridentata, Hook., Ex. Fl. 81. Platanihera tipuloides, Lindl., Orchid, 285. Gymnadenia (?) tridentata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 195- Orchis tridentata, Pursh, Fl. II., 586. 0. davellata, Michx., Fl. II., 155 ; Pursh, Fl. II., 586. Peat bogs and borders of lakes. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.} New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Brigus, Newfound- land. (R. Bell.} Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, Truro, and Straits of Canso, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Fari- bault.} Wet slopes, Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.} Common in Kent Co. ; also St. John Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Black Lake, on King's Mountain, Chelsea, P.Q. ; rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Border of Hooper's Lake, North Hastings ; tamarac swamp near Norah'& Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.} Border of the marsh at Mill- grove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Mossy bogs, London and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.} Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (R. Bell} Lake Huron. (Hooker, Fl.) (2240.) H. virescens, Sprang. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 499. Platanihera flam, Gray. Sill. Journ. XXXVII., 308. P. herbiola, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II, 197. Orchis fuscescens, Pursh, Fl. II., 587. Wet places along Crow River at Marmora, Hastings Co. ; on Ship Island, Gull Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. ; also eleven miles up the Kamin- istiqua River, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.} Prince's Island, near Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logie.} In low ground, London ; rare; also on Moon River, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.} Between Norway House and Canada. (Hooker, FL} 14 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. .{2241.) H. bracteata, E. Br., Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 192. H. viridis, R. Br., Var. bracteata, Reichenbach, Macoun, Cat. No- 1775. Peristylis bracteatus, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 201. Orchis bracteata, Pursh, Fl. II., 587. In grassy woods and meadows. Taborville, Petitcodiac, Havelock, and Tobique Forks, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Common in woods at Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Swamps and by rivers, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Observed in several places along the Eiviere Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Not uncommon near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Moist thicket west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Occasional all over the coun- ties of Prince Edward, Hastings, and Northumberland, Ont., but never abundant. (Macoun.) Mountain near Hamilton, Orit. (Logie.) Low woods, London, Ont. ; also at Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Eather common in many places on the Great Plains, extending to Canmore, in the Rocky Mountains and appearing again at Donald, Columbia Valley; along the Telegraph Trail, lat. 55°, B.C.; also occasionally met with near Victoria and Goldstream, Vancouver Island. '(Macoun.) Calgary, Alberta. (Prof. Fowler.) Sitka and Ounalaska. (Roth. Alask.) Lake Winnipeg. (Back.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan, and to swamps in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2242.) H. Chorisianus, Lindl. Platanthera Chorisianus, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 201. Ounalashka. (Hooker, Fl.) .(2243.) H. hyperborea, E. Br. Eich., App. II., 33. Platanthera hyperborea, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 197. P. Huronensis, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 198. P. Konigii, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 197. Orchis hyperborea, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. Abundant in bogs, and extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Miss Benton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Labrador. (Butler.) Harris Cove, Andover, and Upper St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Campbellton, N. B. (Chalmers.) Peat bog, Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Common in woods at Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity o/. Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Moist thickets, east of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Peat bogs and swamps, general throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Sulphur spring, Ancaster, near Hamilton, •Ont. (Logie.) Wet shady woods, London, and Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) St. Joseph's Island, Drummond Island, and Thompson's CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 15 Point, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.} Abundant around Lake Superior and along. the Dawson route to the Red River. (Macoun.} LakB Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn River, Keewatin ; Charlton Island and " The Twins," James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose Factory > James Bay. (Cottar & Hay den.) Between Lake Winnipeg and York Factory. (R. Bell.) Cypress Hills and Calgary, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Fort Ellice, Long Lake, and Hand Hills, N.W.T. (Macoun.) Belly River, 49lh parallel, Rocky Mountains. (Burgess. Millman.) Crow Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Abundant in swamps and mountain meadows from Morley westward through the Rocky Moun- tains to the Selkirk summit. (Macoun.) Quesnel Lake, B.C., alt. 2,200 feet, (Bowman.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) From the Saskatchewan to Fort Franklin ; also Ounalashka. (Hooker, Fl.) Green- land. (Lange.} (2244.) H. gracilis, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., XII., 276. Platanthera gracilis, Lindl. Hook., II., 198. P. stricta, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. North West America. (Menzies.) Abundant in damp woods and along wooded slopes of Mount Arrowsmith and Mount Mark, at Qualicum and Alberni, and occasionally in swamps in the interior of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) North West coast of America. (Douglas.) (2245.) H. sparsiflora, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., XII., 276. Platanthera graminea, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. Both this and the above species look like H. hyperborea, but they are easily distinguished by the spur, which in the former is saccate, and in the latter is quite long and slender. (Macoun.) North West coast. (Menzies.) (2246.) H. dilatata, Gray. Ann. Lye. N. York, III., 231. Platanthera dilatata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 198. Orchis dilatata, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. Rather common in bogs from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.} New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Very abundant in a wet meadow at Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.} Common in swamps and bogs at Kouchibouguac, Lily Lake, Campbelton, Tobique and Bel rivers, Chipman, and between Pabineau and Grand Falls, on the Nepisiquit* N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Riviere de Brig and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; also Mount Albert, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands. Q. (St. Cyr.) 16 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Mountain swamp, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL. Ott.) Bather common in swamps throughout central Ontario, and abundant around Lake Superior and on the Island of Michipicotin. (Macoun.) Mossy bogs, London, Ont. (Burgess Millman.) Drummond Island and Thompson's Point, Georgian Bay. (J. Sell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ( J. M. Macoun ) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hay den.) Eed Deer Eiver, and along the flanks of the Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; rather common in the Eocky Mountains, from Morley westward to Hector. (Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Lake Lindeman, Yukon Eiver, lat. 60°. (Schwatka.) Throughout Canada from Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan and Hudson Bay. (Hooker, FL) (2247.) H. leucostachys, Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., XII., 276. Platanthera leucostachys, Lindl., Fl. II., 198. In exactly the same habitat as the preceding, but with larger, whiter and longer spurred flowers. Swamps at Donald and Beaver Creek? Columbia Yalley ; quite common in swamps at Victoria, Nanaimo, Alberni and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Tanyabunkut Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) (2248.) H. obtusata, Eich. App. Ed. II., 33. Platanthera obtusata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 196. Orchis obtusata, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. Common in cool mossy woods throughout the forest region to British Columbia. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Labrador. (Sutler.) Truro, N.S. (Lawson.) Coal Branch, Kent Co.; Campbellton and Bald Mountain ; also St. John Co. and Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) North Sydney, Cape Breton ; South West Point, Anticosti ; Little Fox Eiver, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gasps'. (Porter.) Mingan Islands, Q. (St. • Cyr.) Peat bogs, Sturgeon Point, Ont. (Burgess.) Bogs at Sturgeon Lake, Ont. (Mrs. Saunders.) St. Joseph and Drummond Islands, Georgian Bay. (J. Sell.) Cedar swamps at Belleville and Castleton, also at Owen Sound, Ont. ; abundant at Kakabeka Falls, Current Eiver and Pie Island ; Nipigon Eiver, and westward along the Dawson road to the Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Charlton Island and Fort George, James Bay ; also Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Damp woods, Lake Winnipegoosis and Porcupine Mountain, Man.; in the foot-hills, from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia valley; also at Fort McLeod, lat. 55°, B.C. (Macoun.) Gatcho Lake, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 17 B.C. (Dawson.) Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Between Fort Churchill and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (Dr. Rae.) Nova Scotia. Cape Torment, near Quebec, west to Carleton House Fort, on the Saskatchewan and alpine swamps of the Rocky Mountains, and thence to Bear Lake and Fort Franklin j North West coast and Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, FL) (2249.) H. elegans, Bolander. Cat. PL San. Fran. 29. \ Platanthera elegans, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 196. Rich or gravelly woodlands ; confined to the west coast. Flowering late. This form may be easily distinguished from the next by the long spur. Bather rare near Victoria, Vancouver Island, but frequent in the woods at Nanaimo and northwards to Qualicum, and Home Lake where it is common on gravelly soil. (Macoun.) (2250.) H. Unalaschensis, Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., XII., 277. H. fcetida, Watson. Bot. King Exp., V. 341 ; Macoun, Cat, No. 1765. Platanthera Schischmareffiana, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 197. Yery rare eastward but abundant on the west coast.. Open gravelly woods, Jupiter Biver, Anticosti; also on the Fishing Islands, Lake Huron; on gravel of a mountain torrent at the " Gap," Bocky Moun- tains ; very abundant on Mount Finlayson and the other mountains around Goldstream, and on gravelly soil at Qualicum, and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island. Flowering early. (Macoun.} Vicinity of McLeod's Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Ounalashka. (Hook. Fl.) (2251.) H. Menziesii, Lindl. Gen. Orch., 286. Platanthera Menziesii, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 197. North West coast. (Menzies vide Hooker J) (2252.) H. Hookeri, Torr. Gray. Ann. Lye. N. York, ILL, 229. Platanthera Hookeri, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 196. H. orbiculata, Hook. Ex. Fl. 145. Cool and damp woodlands and borders of swamps. Windsor, Dart- mouth and Elmsdale, N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Pirate's Cove, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Kouchibouguac, Kingston, Kent Co.; Grand Lake and Salmon Biver, also Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) Lake Tamiscouata, Q. (Ami.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Biviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Neighborhood of Ottawa ; very common. (Fletcher, FL. Ott.) Moist thicket west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Damp woods, Oak Hills, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Neighborhood of Hamilton, 2 18 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Ont. (Logic.) Komoka, Ont. (Millman.) Two Heart River, north of Lake Huron, and on the Michipicotin River and Oba Lake, and river north of Lake Superior. (JR. Bell.) Var. oblongifolia, J. A. Paine. This form, as its name indicates, has oblong instead of orbicular leaves. Grows in similar situa- tions. North Mountain, Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Chelsea Mountain, Q. (Fletcher, Fl Ott.) (2253.) H. orbiculata, Torr. Compend. 318. H macrophytta, Goldie. Edin. Phil. Journ., VI., 331. Platanthera orbiculata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 196. Orchis orbiculata, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. Rich shady woods, not uncommon but abundant nowhere. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, Mount Dalhousie, Truro, Clam Harbor and Straits of Canso, N.S. (Som- mers, Cat.) North Mountain, N.S. (Burgess.) Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Bass River, Loch Lomond, Nepisiquit Lakes, Eel River, Clifton and Tobique River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) River Ste. Anne des Monts, Gaspe coast. (Macoun. Porter.} Mountain swamp and Portage des Ores, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Abundant in woods along the River Rouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa; rather rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Near Albion Mills, Ont. (Logie.) Under clumps of pines, English's woods, London, Ont. (Saunders.) Rich woods, Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Hilton, Drummond Islands, and Cock- burn Island, Georgian Bay.. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (E. Bell.) Woods near Belleville, and at the Oak Hills Hastings Co. ; also at Castleton, Brighton, and Campbellford, Northum berland Co., Ont. ; woods, Lake Nipigon and at Kakabeka Falls, near Lake Superior ; Swan Lake House, and on the banks of the Red Deer River, Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. ; rich woods along the Columbia River at Donald, B. C. (Macoun.) West to the Saskatchewan, (Hooker, Fl.) (2254.) H. ciliaris, R. Br. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 192. Platanthera ciliaris, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. Orchis ciliaris, Pursh, Fl. II., 585. Michx. Fl. II., 156. Low sandy soil, near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Canada. (Goldie.) Apparently very rare in Ontario. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 19 (2255.) H. blephariglottis, Torr. Compend. 31*7. Platanthera blephariglottis, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. P. holopetala, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. Orchis blephariglottis, Pursh, Fl. II., 585. We include the variety holopetala in the species as our knowledge is too limited to separate them. Peat bogs, apparently rare. New- foundland. (Miss Brenton.} New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax and Bedford, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Bogs, Pictou Co, N.S. 1885. (Robert.} Kouchibouguac, Maryland road, near Fredericton; Tay's mills, York Co., and Chipman, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.~) Bogs in Gomin's woods, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Peat bogs, Lake Island, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Out. (Burgess.} (2256.) H. leucopheea, Gray, Man. Ed V., 502. Orchis leucoplixa, Nutt. Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.} Moist meadows and bogs, abundant at Baddeck and North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Gomin's woods, Quebec. (Thomas.} Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.} Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Mossy woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.} (2257.) H. lacera, E. Br. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 193. Platanthera psycodes, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 200. Orchis psycodes, Pursh, Fl. II., 585. 0. lacera, Michx., Fi. II., 156 ; Pursh, Fl. II., 586. Eich damp woods, rare and local. Windsor, Halifax and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Meadows at Baddeck, Cape Breton . (Burgess.} Kouchibouguac ; Petitcodiac and Hampton ; common between Au Lac and Port Elgin, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eich woods near the hop yard, Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.} Peat bogs, Westminster Ponds, near Lon- don, Ont. (Burgess.} (2258.) H. psycodes, Gray. Manual Ed. V., 502. Platanthera fimbriata, Lindl. Var. (3. Hook. Fl. II., 200. P. incisa, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 200. Orchis fimbriata, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. 0. incisa, Pursh, FL II., 589. Moist woods and swamps, common in certain localities. Newfound- land. (Miss Brenton.} Windsor, Bedford, Pictou, Truro, and at the Straits of Canso, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.} Wet meadows at Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun} Common in wet meadows and bogs, Kent Co. ; 20 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. also at Norton, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) Nictau Lake, KB. (Say) Gomin's woods, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Point Fame and Fox River, Gaspe coast, Q. (Macoun.) Harbor Island, Mingan Islands ; and Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. ( Verrill) Swamp at Beechwood, and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Swamp east of Belleville, and in numerous places in North Hastings and at Marmora and Myersburg, in Northumberland Co. ; also on the shore of Chicken Bay, Lake Huron, Ont. (Macoun.) Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) In swampy soil at London, Ont. ; common (Burgess. Millman) Owen Sound, Drummond Island, Thompson's Point, and McLeod's Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bdl.) Sault Ste. Marie. (R. Bell.) Fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua River, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Rainy River, North Western Ontario. (Dawson.) (2259.) H. flmbriata, R. Br. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 193. Platanthera fimbriata, Lindl. Var. a. Hook. Fl. II., 200. Low meadows and swamps ; rare. Meadow's, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., KS. (Faribault) Bass River, KB. ; rare. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique River, KB., 1884. (Hay.) Ste. Anne de la Parade, ChamplainCo., Q. (St. Cyr.) Gomin's woods, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Abundant in low swampy ground, River Rouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D} 'Urban.) Gregory's meadows, Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Land's farm, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) 601 CYPRIPEDIUM, Linn. Gen. 1015. (LADY'S SLIPPER.) (2260.) C. arietinum, R. Brown. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 222. Cedar and tamarack swamps, usually on hummocks. Saguenay River. Q. (Scott.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Dow's swamp, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott) Abundant in the big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co.; also in a swamp at the base of the Oak Hills, and in pine woods two miles north of Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Portage of the Grand Rapid of the Saskatchewan, Man. (Hooker, Fl.) (2261.) C. parviflorum, Salisb. Linn., Soc. Trans. I., 77 ; Pursh, Fl. II., 594. C. Calceolus, Michx., Fl. II., 161. Rather common in swamps in Ontario. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) Restigouche Co. ; also Tobique, near Pokiok, N.B. (Fowler, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 21 Cat.) Anticosti and Mingan Islands. (Verrill.) Eiver de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Cedar swamp northwest of Prescott, Ont. ; rare. (Billings.) Swamps near Belleville ; also in the big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) "Moun- tain side beyond Mr. Bridge's house, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Cedar swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Komoka, Ont. (Millman.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Water Hen Eiver, Lake Winnipegoosis, and on the Assiniboine Kiver, at the Grand Yalley, Man. ; also at the Kananaskis bridge, C.P.R., Rocky Moun- tains. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to Lake Winnipeg and the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2262.) C. pubescens, Swartz. Hook-., Fl. II., 205; Pursh, Fl., II., 594. C. parviflorum, Ait. Bot. Mag. t, 911 (non Willd.) Common in swamps, and often on banks in woods. Port Mulgrave, •G-uysboro Co., N.S. (Ball.) Truemansville, N.S. (Trueman.) Gallo- way, near Eichibucto ; rather rare; Edmunton, and common at And- over, N.B. (Fowler. Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Swamps along the Gaspe coast. (Macoun.) In wet places, Eiviere du Loup, Q. .(Thomas.) St. Charles Island, Mingan. (tit. Cyr.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Near Lake St. Jean, Wentworth, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Hull, Q. ; Little Chaudiere, and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in woods and swamps. Hastings, Prince Edward and Northumberland Co's., Ont. (Macoun.) Prince's Island, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Cockburn Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) East side of La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (E. Bell.) London, Ont., and Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., and Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. {J. M. Macoun.) Echimamish Eiver, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) In swamps along Lake Winnipegoosis, and abundant on the prairie and in thickets throughout Manitoba, and westward to the base of the Eocky Moun- tains at Kananaskis, C.P.E. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, FL) (2263.) C. spectabile, Salisb. Linn., Trans. I., 78; Hook., Fl. II., 204. Pursh, Fl. II., 594. C. Canadense, Michx., Fl. II., 161. C. album, Ait. Kew. (Ed. 1) III., 303. Cedar and tamarack swamps, often abundant. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) St. John Co.; Eestigouche; York ana Castleton Go's.; Andover and 22 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Tobique Eiver. (Fowler, Cat.} Nicolet, Q. (St. Cyr.} Mountain swamp, Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.} Dow's swamp and Experimental Farm, Ottawa, abundant. (Fletcher, Fl Ott.) Swamp near Heck's mills, North Augusta, and common in bogs northward from Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in many swamps in Hastings, Prince Edward and Northumberland Go's., Ont. ; also at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron- (Macoun.) Lake Medad, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Westminster Ponds ; and swamps, London ; also abundant at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) Thompson's Point, G-eorgian Bay. (J. Bell.} (2264.) C. acaule, Ait. Kew. (Ed. 1.) III., 161; Michx. Fl. II., 161. C. humile, Pursh, Fl. II., 595 ; Hook., Fl. II.. 204. In swamps and pine or sandy woods ; frequent. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) 'New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.} Windsor ; North West Arm, Halifax ; Pictou and Guysboro, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) North Mountain, Annapolis, and at Kingston, N.S. (white variety.) Halifax. (Macoun & Burgess.) Bather common, Black Eiver, Northumberland Co. ; Fredericton ; Lily Lake ; St. Francis Eiver, N.B. (white variety.) (Fowler, Cat.) Lake Temis~ couata, Q. (Ami.) Outchechow, and Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) In woods at Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) On gneiss rocks and sand, Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Lake Flora, near Hull, and in a swamp at Beechwood, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Swamp near Heck's mills, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Evergreen woods and Westminster Ponds, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Not uncommon in swamps through- out Hastings, Addington, Northumberland and Peterboro Go's., Ont. ; also on St. Ignace Island, and at the mouth of Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.} Eupert Eiver, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) From Canada to Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.} (2265.) C. montanum, Dougl. Lindl., Orchid, 528. C. occidental, Watson. Macoun Cat., No. 1801. . Exclusively western and confined to the Pacific slope. Occasionally met with at Donald, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. ; also on the Fraser Eiver, at Fort George, B.C. (Macoun.) Okanagan Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Woods near Cadboro Bay, Vancouver Island. (King.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2266.) C- passerinum, Eich. Hook., Fl. II., 205. C. parviflorum, Rich. App. Ed. I., 340. On wet sand and in swamps ; rare. Near Moose Factory, James CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 23 Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Charlton Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.') On wet sand at the Pic River, Lake Superior ; very abun- dant in a spruce swamp at the Kananaskis station, close to Bow River, Rocky Mountains and westward to Silver City. (Macoun.) Pine woods, from the Saskatchewan to lat. 58°, and in the Rocky Moun- tains. (Hooker, Fl.) Canon, Yukon River, 1887. (W. Ogilvie.) (2267.) C. guttatum, Swartz. Reichenb. Ic. Bot. t, 210. We know nothing of this species. Two specimens only, with withered flowers, were gathered at Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie, by Dr. Richardson. Most abundant at Ounalashka. (Hooker, Fl.) CIV. H^EMODORACE^E. BLOOD-WORT FAMILY. 602. ALETRIS, Linn. Gen. 428. (COLIC-ROOT) (2268.) A. farinosa, Linn. Sp. (Ed. 2.) I., 456. A. alba, Michx., Fl. I., 189 ; Pursh, Fl. L. 225. Sandy thickets. Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Burgess.) CY. IRIDACE^E. IRIS FAMILY. 603. IRIS, Linn. Gen. 59. (FLOWER-DE-LUCE) (2269.) I. versicolor, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 206; Pursh, Fl. I., 29. I. Virginica, Pursh, Fl. I., 29. Abundant in ditches, swamps, and by river and lake margins. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, Pictou and Canso, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Truro and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Abundant in wet places throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Dalhousie, N.B., in a fresh water swamp. (Fletcher.) Common throughout Quebec and Ontario, extending westward to the Lake of the Woods (Burgess) and north eastward to Lake Mis- tassini, N.E.T., and Charlton Island, James Bay, and west to Lake Winnipeg and Beren's River. (J. M. Macoun.) Winnipeg and North West Angle Road. (Dawson.) Michipicotin River, from Long Por- tage to Lake Mattawagaming, north of Lake Superior, (ft. Bell.) 24 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2270.) I. Hookeri, Penny; Stend. Nomen., 1840. Itridentata, Hook. Fl. II., 206. I. Caurina, Hook., Fl. II., 206. Apparently peculiar to the sea coast, and always found within the limit of the spray from the sea. The writer is of opinion that all allusions to I. versicolor, found on the coast, belong here. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Wet bank above the sea, Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Burgess.) On the sand bar, South Sydney, Cape Breton ; abundant along the whole Gaspd coast, from Gaspd Basin to Petit Metis. (Macoun.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Fletcher.) Cacouna and Kamouraska, Q. (Pringle.) Mingan Islands, St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.) Mingan Islands ; and Ellis Bay, Anticosti. ( Ferrill.) (2271.)' I. tenax, Dougl, Hook., Fl. II., 206. No Canadian specimen of this species has ever fallen into our hands. Newfoundland and New Brunswick. (Hooker, Fl.) In the neighbor- hood of Hull, near Ottawa ; Determined by Dr. Vasey. ( Fletcher,. FL Ott.) Common on dry undulating grounds, from Cape Mendocino to Puget's Sound, North West Coast. (Hooker, Fl.) We strongly suspect that the eastern references belong to /. Virginica, but have no means of deciding. (2272.) I. Virginica, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 206. J. prismatica, Pursh, Fl. L, 30. Chiefly in salt marshes along the coast. Abundant in meadows close to the sea, Louisburg, Cape Breton, 1883. (Macoun. Burgess.) New Brunswick. (Hooker, Fl.) Nova Scotian and New Brunswick col- lectors should examine the salt marshes and meadows near the coast for Iris tridentata and 1. Virginica, as there is no doubt of their wide dis- tribution in the maritime provinces. (2273.) I. lacustris, Nutt. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 517. Sandy thickets close to the beach at Chicken and Eed Bays, Bruce Peninsula, Lake Huron, 1871. (Macoun.) Very abundant in sandy thickets along Lake Huron at Southampton, Ont. .(Burgess.) (2274.) I. Sibirica, Linn. Eothr. Alask, 456. Norton and Kotzebue Sound, Alaska. (Rothr. Alask.) We know nothing of this species. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 25 604. SIS YRINCHIUM, Linn. Gen. 1017. (BLUE-EYED GRASS) (2275.) S. anceps, Cav. Pursh, Fl. I, 31; Hook., Fl. II., 207. S. Bermudiana, Michx., Fl. L, 33. S. Bermudiana, Linn. Var. anceps. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 517. Very common, either under this form or the next, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. As the next is the commoner form, we place all general references to S. Bermudiana under it and only record here the speci- mens we have seen. Newfoundland to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker^ Fl?) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Amherst Island Magdalen Islands, N.S. (J. Richardson.) Coast of Gaspe", Q., and at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Kitaman Eiver, Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Donald, Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2276.) S. mucronatum, Michx. Fl. L, 33; Hook., Fl. II., 206. S. Bermudiana, Linn. Var. mucronatum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 517. Petty Harbor, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.*) Windsor, Halifax and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.') Wet meadows, Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Meadows at Sherbrooke, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Among grass, everywhere, New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Through. out Quebec and Ontario, and extending to Hudson Bay on the north, and including the prairie region, the Eocky Mountains, British Columbia and Vancouver Island. All collectors throughout this immense region have met with it, and although it takes the form of Var. albidum on the prairies, and becomes more scabrous and taller on Vancouver Island, there are no constant characters to separate it into varieties. (2277.) S. Californicum, Ait. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 1) IV., 135. S. linealum, Torrey, Pacif. Ry. Rep., IV., 143. Abundant along the shores of Shawnagin Lake ; Home Lake, near Qualicum ; and Sproat Lake, near Alberni, Vancouver Island, 1887. 2278.) S. grand iflorum, Dougl. Hook., Fl. II., 207. A. most lovely flower and one of the earliest ; on dry mossy rocks, amongst oaks in the southern part of Vancouver Island, especially at Victoria and Cedar Hill. (Dawson, Fletcher, Macoun.) 26 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. CYL AMAKYLLIDACE^E. AMARYLLIS FAMILY. 605. HYPOXIS, Linn. Gen. 417. (STAR-GRASS) (2279.) H. erecta, Linn. Pursh, Fl. I., 224; Hook., Fl. II., 207. H. Carolinianum, Michx., Fl. I., 188. Meadows^and grassy woodlands. Not common, eastward. Sandy meadow near Trenton station, and in a meadow near the Ferry House, opposite Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Prince's Island, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Sandy woodland, Hatch ley, Ont. ; also bor- ders of woods Emerson, Man. (Burgess.} Yery abundant on the prairie at Brandon and the country around the Brandon Hills and westward (Macoun.) South of Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.y North Antler Creek, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) CYII. DIOSCOKEACE.E. YAM FAMILY. 606. DIOSCOREA, Linn. Gen. 1122. (YAM) (2280.) D. villosa, Linn. Pursh, Fl. I., 251; Hook., Fl. II., 207. D. panieulata, Michx., Fl. I., 239. Very rare in Canada. Only found west of Toronto. Marsh near Dundas, Ont. (Buchan.} Thickets on river bank, London, Ont, (Burgess. Millman.) CYIII. L1LIACE.E. LILY FAMILY. 607. SMILAX, Linn. Gen. 1120. (GREEN-BRIER) (2281.) S. quadrangularis, Pursh, Fl. I., 251. S. rotundifolia, var. quadrangularis , Gray, Man. Ed. V., 519. S. rotundifolia, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 172 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 250. S. cauduca, Pursh, II. I., 250. Thickets in damp woods on Pelee Point, Lake Erie, 1882. (Macoun.) Low woods near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Burgess.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 2T (2282.) S. hispida, Muhl., Cat. 97. Low swampy woods not common, eastward. Abundant in black ash swamps in many parts of Hastings Co. ; borders of Cold Creek, Brighton, and along the Trent above Campbellford, and in woods west of Newcomb's Mills, Cramahe, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Low woods and thickets at London and Owen Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Port Dover, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) (2283.) S. herbacea, Linn. Michx., Fl. I., 238 ; tursh, Fl. I., 251. S. peduncularis, Muhl. Hook., Fl. II., 173 ; Pursh, Fl. L, 251. S. pulverulenta, Michx., Fi. L, 238. S. lasioneuron, Hook., Fl. II., 173. Rather common in rich woods and thickets. Rothesay and Frederic- ton ; rather common along the St. John River, St. Hilaire, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Quebec and Island of Orleans. (Thomas.) Ste. Anne de la Perade, Champlain Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Devil's River, on sand climbing over bushes,. Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) River banks and on islands at Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Thickets around Prescott, Ont., and northward; common. (Billings.) Borders of fields west of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Neighborhood of London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Borders of fences at Castleton and Belleville, Ont. ; common ; also 15 miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior; in thickets along the Assiniboine River, west of Portage la Prairie, Man. (Macoun.) Thickets at Emerson, on the Red River, Man. (Burgess.) Canada to Lake Winnipeg and Red River, and west to Fort Carle ton, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fi.) 608. ASPARAGUS, Linn. Gen. 424. (ASPARAGUS) (2284.) A. OFFICINALIS, Linn. Pursh, Fl.I.,235. (Garden Asparagus.) A garden escape in a number of localities. Waste places around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Waste places at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Burlington Beach, near Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan. Burgess.} Waste heaps, and growing in a piece of woods near Belleville, Ont. ;. also at Victoria and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 28 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 609. POLYGON ATUM, Adans. (SOLOMON'S SEAL) (2285.) P. biflorum, Ell. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 531. P. multiflorum, Desf. Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part- P. angustifolmm, canaliculatum, pubescens, Mrtum, latifolium and multi- florum, Pursh, Fl. I, 234-235. Convallaria multiflora, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Rather common* in rich woodlands and by fences. Near Halifax, N.S. (Lawson.} Not rare, Pictou, N.S. (McKay.} Truro, Annapolis, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.} Fredericton; St. Stephen; common at Salmon Eiver and Andover ; St. Francis and Upper St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.} In rich woods at Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.} Rich woods, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Rich woods, common at Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.} Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.} Rich low woods, very common throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.} Common at Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Rich wooded banks at London ; and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.} Hilton, near Wiarton, Ont. (J. Bell.} Woods at Owen Sound, and in woods up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.} <2286.) P. giganteum, Dietr. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 531. P. latifolium, var. commutatum, Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 555, chiefly. P. multiflorum, Hook., Fl. II. , 176, in part. Confined to western Ontario and westward. Dunning's farm, near Niagara, and at Amherstburgh, Detroit River. Ont. ; also at Portage la Prairie, Man. (Macoun.} Vicinity of London, Ont., and in thickets at Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.} Along the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) 610. STREPTOPUS, Michx. Fl. I., 200. (TWISTED-STALK) (2287) S. amplexifolius, DC. Fl. Fran. III., 174. S. distortus, Michx., Fl. I., 200. Hook., Fl. II., 173. S. ampkxicaulis, Poir. Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 591. In cool ravines and deep shade, along mountain brooks ; not com- mon anywhere, but extending across the continent to Vancouver Island. Labrador. (Bullet.) Windsor and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.} CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 29 Shady ravines at Truro and Pirate's Cove, N.S. ; also in a ravine at Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Kent and Northumberland Go's. ; Campbellton ; Lancaster ; rather common at Salmon River, Tobique, and Bald Mountains, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Common on Anti- costi and along the Gasp£ coast, and on the slopes of Mount Albert, Q. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands, and Island of Orleans, St. Lawrence Eiver. (St. Cyr.) Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) In great abundance in moist places in woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban) Damp woods, Nipigon, Pic and Current rivers, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Grand Marais, Lake Superior, and up the Michipicotin River, north of the lake. (R. Bell.) Hilton, near Wiarton, Ont. (J. Bell.) Porcupine Mountain, Man. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass and Michel Creek, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Common in wet thickets from Morley westward through the Rocky, and Selkirk mountains; not uncommon along mountain streams at Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Yale, and in the mountains at Spence's Bridge, B. C. (Fletcher.) Fort "Wrangel, Sitka. (Meehan.) Sitka and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) From Newfoundland and Hudson Bay to the Rocky Mountains, and thence to the Columbia and north to Fort McLaughlin and Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2288.) S. roseus, Michx., Fl. I., 201 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 232; Hook., Fl. II., 173. Abundant in drier woods than the preceding, but scarce on the Pacific slope. Labrador. (Sutler.) Windsor, Halifax, Pictou and Canso, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Very common in the northern counties ; also in St. John and King's Go's., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) In woods at Truro and Anna- polis, N.S. ; also at Salt Lake, Anticosti, and common in woods along the Gaspe coast. (Macoun.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault). Anticosti and at Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Woods at Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D 'Urban.) Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common in low rich woods throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Yicin- ity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Rich woods, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Owen Sound and Hilton, Ont. (J. Bell.) Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior, and up the Michipicotin River, north of the lake. (R. Bell.) Woods up the Kaministiqua and Dawson road, Port Arthur; also in woods, Nipigon River, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains, arid on the Skagit River, B.C. 30 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (Daicson.) Not observed in the Eocky Mountains, but detected in Beaver Creek valley, near the Selkirk summit. (Macoun.) Goose Creek Mountains, five miles from Keithly, Cariboo, B.C. ; 5,800 feet alt. (Bowman.) Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°. (Schwatka.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan, and on the North West coast from the Columbia to lat. 58°. (Hooker, Fl.) 611. SMILICINA, Desf. (FALSE SOLOMON'S SEAL) {2289.) S. Stellata, Desf. Pursh, Fl. I., 233 ; Hook., Fl. II., 176. Convallaria stellata, Michx., Fl. L, 202. Very common in low moist woods, along streams, and in meadows. Labrador. (Butler.) Pictou and Truro, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Common on St. Paul's Island, Magdalen Islands, and Newfoundland. (McKay.) Damp woods at Truro and Pirate's Cove, N.S. (Macoun.) Moist banks, Kouchibouguac ; intervales, Salmon Eiver ; St. John Eiver, Kenne- beccasis ; Petitcodiac ; Cedar Brook, on the Tobique ; Indian Falls, Nepisiquit Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Metapediac, Eestigouche Co., N.B. (Chalmers.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, and in the valley of the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gaspe". (Macoun.) Island of Orleans and Mirgan Eiver, St. Lawrence Eiver. (St. Cyr.) Eiviere du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Montreal Mountain. (Porter.) On sand along the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Dow's swamp and other localities at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott ) Swamps and low intervales along streams, abun- dant in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Eare in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Prince's Island near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Mississaqui, Drummond, and Cockburn islands, Georgian Bay. (J. Sell.) Sandy thickets at Toronto, low woods at London, Ont. ; Parity Sound, Georgian Bay,1 and in the Eed Eiver valley at Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Up the Kami- nistiqua Eiver, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hay den.) Charlton Island, James Bay; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn Eiver to Hudson Bay; also on Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. -(J. M. Macoun.) In a thicket at Pembina Mountain, Man. ; near Belly Eiver and on the North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) In moist thickets on the Assiniboine, at Portage la Prairie and Brandon ; abundant in moist meadows and grassy places from the vicinity of Morley through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia valley. (Macoun.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan, and from Hudson Bay to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) . CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 31 -.(2290.) S. sessilifolia, Nutt. in herb. Watson Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 245 (1879). S. stellata, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Tovaria sessilifolia, Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 566. This species takes the place of S. stellata west of the Coast Eange, as all our specimens from the west coast are of this species. Fraser Eiver valley at Yale, B C. ; also quite common in the valleys of rivers and along brooks, at Victoria, Cedar Hill, Goldstream and northward, Vancouver Islantl. (Macoun.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island (Fletcher.) North West coast. (Hooker, Ft.) (2291.) S. racemosa, Desf.Pursh, Fl. I., 233; Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. S. ciliata, Pursh, Fl. I., 232. Convallaria racemosa, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Eich woods, not infrequent. Dartmouth, Halifax, Bedford, Pictou and Truro, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Trtu-o and Straits of Canso, N.S. (Macoun.) Bass Eiver ; Welsford ; and Nerepis Valley, N. B. (Fow- ler, Cat.} Campbellton, KB. (Chalmers.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Gomin's woods, Quebec. (Thomas.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q.' (D' Urban.) McKay's bush and other localities near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common in rich woods throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) In woods, mountain side west of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low woods at London ; and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Owen Sound, Hilton, Gore Bay, and McLeod's Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (E. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua Eiver, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2292.) S. amplexicaulis, Nutt. Journ. Philad. Acad. VII., 58. S. racemosa, var. amplexicaulis, Watson. Macoun, Cat., No. 1843. S. racemosa, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Tovaria racemosa, Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV, 570, in part. Eather common in thickets and on beds of snow-slides, from Morley, in the Eocky Mountains, to the summit of the Selkirks. (Macoun.) Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Michel Creek, Flathead Eiver, and Coldwater Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Specimens from Goldstream and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, although referred here, are exactly like eastern S. racemosa. All the leaves are more or less petioled, and had these specimens been found in the Atlantic provinces they would be referred to the preceding species. 32 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Mr. Jas. Fletcher describes his specimens from Mt. Finlayson, Van- couver Island, as having much larger leaves, more plaited, and flower much more highly scented than eastern racemosa. (Macoun.) (2293.) S. trifolia, Desf. Pursh, Fl. I., 233. Hook., PI. II., 175. Convallaria trifolia, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Tovaria trifolia, Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 565. Abundant in swamps and wet woods, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, Labrador. (Butler.} New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Windsor, N.S. (How.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.') Swamps, near Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.} Magdalen Islands, Gulf, of St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.} Kouchibouguac, and Hudson's Brook, Kent Co. ; St. John Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Swamps, Dalhousie, N.B. (Chalmers.) Swamps, Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Mingan River and Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Swamps, Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe*, Q. ; and Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Dow's swamp and other peat bogs near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp north of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Cold peaty swamps throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Marsh at Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Peat bogs, London, and Blenheim, Ont, (Burgess.) Bruce Mines, Hilton, Thompson Point, Gore Bay, and McLeod's Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Swamps at Owen Sound and west of Thunder Bay, and around Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Missinaibi River, Ont. ; Lake Mistassini and down the Rupert River, N.E.T.; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior; Nelson River and Oxford House, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Observed in a spruce swamp at the Kananaskis, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Swamps through- out Canada, to Bear Lake and the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) 612. MAIANTHEMUM, Wingers. ("LILY OF THE VALLEY") (2294.) M. Canadense, Desf. Watson, Proced. Am. Acad. XIV. 247. Smilicina bifolia, Roem. Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part S. Canadense, Pursh, Fl. I, 233. S. bifolia, var. Canadensis, Gray. Man., Ed. V., 530. Convallaria bifolia, Michx., Fl. I., 201. On dry hummocks and in cool woods, from the Atlantic to the Rocky Mountains. Labrador. (Butler.) Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Bell) ' New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Truro, N.S. (Chambers. Macoun.) New Harbor, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 33 St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.'} Truro, Halifax and Canso, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.} Very common throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler, Gat.} Campbellton, KB. (Chalmers.') Woods, Salt Lake, Anticosti; and along the whole peninsula of Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.} Ouat- chechou, Champlain Co., and Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.} Rich woods, common at Riviere du. Loup, Q. (Thomas.} Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.} Abundant in all woods near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Woods, common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.} Yery abundant in cool woods in central Ontario. (Macoun.} Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Rich woods at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.} Mississagui Island and Cockburn Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.} Woods at Owen Sound ; Nipigon Lake and River, and around the west side of Lake Superior ; and westward to Brandon, on the Assiniboine, Man. (Macoun.} Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.} Lake Mis- tassini, N.E.T., and down the Rupert River to James Bay; Mis- sinaibi River, Ont. ; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn River. (J. M. Macoun.} Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior ; north end of Lake Winnipeg and down the Nelson River, and at Oxford House, Keewatin. (E. Bell.} Sitka. (Meehan.} Throughout Canada to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay and Newfoundland to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl) » (2295.) M. bifolium, B.C. var. dilatatum, Wood. Proced. Phil. Acad. 174, (1868.) Smilidna bifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Apparently confined to the west coast of America. Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. (Dawson.) Common in low woods along small streams at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Beacon Hill and Oak Bay, near Victoria; Nanaimo and Qualicum, and in the woods generally around Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Fort Wrangel, Sitka. (Meehan.) Fort Simpson and Sitka, on the North-west coast. (Hooker, FL) 613. HEMEROC ALLIS, ILInn. Gen. 433. (DAY LILY) (2296.) H. FULVA, Linn. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 535. Occasionally escapes from gardens, in New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Waste places at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Quebec. (St. Cyr.}, Waste places, near London ; rare. (Burgess. Millman.} 3 34 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 614. BRODI/EA, Smith. Trans. Linn. Soc. X., 2. (2297.) B. grand iflora, Smith. Hook., Fl. II., 186. Milla mari.tima, Macoun, Cat., No. 1869. On sandy, rocky, or gravelly soil, in the oak openings. Close to the sea, on Fuller's farm, at Oak Bay ; and in numerous places on rocky soil around Victoria and Cedar Hill ; abundant on ledges above Departure Bay, and near the Half-way House, Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cedar Hill, near Victoria, B.C. (Meehan. Fletcher.) North West America and New Georgia. (ITcoker., Fl.) (2298.) B. Douglas! i, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 237. Triteleia grandiflora, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 186. Mitta grandiflora, Baker. Journ. Linn. Soc. ; Macoun, Cat, No. 1870. In deep sand or in crevices of rocks ; rare. Close to the sea at Oak Bay. (Macoun.) Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2299.) B. lactea, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 238. B. grandifiora, Pursh, Fi. I., 223. Hesperoscordon Leivisii, Hook., Fl. II., 185. Milla hyadnthina, Baker. Macoun, Cat. No. 1871. Abundant by roadsides, along the borders of fields, by lakes, amongst gravel, and on sand by the sea coast, from the vicinity of Victoria to Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Meehan. Fletcher.) North West America. (Hooker, Fl.) 615. ALLIUM, Linn. Gen. 409. (ONION, GARLIC) (2300.) A. tricoccum. Ait. Pursh, FJ. I., 223. A. tnflorum, Pursh, Fl. L, 223. A. cernuum, HOOK., Fl. II., 184. Not very widely distributed but common in Ontario and western Quebec, Hampton and Petitcodiac; Eel River, Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant in moist places in woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (DJ Urban.) McKay's woods and other places at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 35 in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.} Abundant in woods, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun. J. Bell} Batch-ah-wah-nah River, Lake Superior. (R. Bell.} Lake Erie. (Hooker, Ft.) (2301.) A. Schoenoprasum, Linn. 'Hook., Fl. II., 185. Not uncommon in crevices of rocks along lakes and rivers. New- foundland. (Dr. Morrison.) In beautiful clumps, with very bright flowers, in meadows near the sea at Yarmouth, N.S. ; in the debris of Jupiter River, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Pabineau Falls on the Nepisi- quit and Rothesay ; Nauwigewauk ; very common along the Upper St. John, Tobique and Eel Rivers ; Indian Falls of Nepisiquit; Ham- mond River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bathurst, N.B. (McG-ill Coll Herb.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Wet gravelly shore, Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Burgess.) East coast of Lake Nipigon, Current River, Thunder Bay, and east coast of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Missinaibi River, Ont., and Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.} Milk River flats, 49th parallel. (Millman.) River bank, Belly River, N. W. T. (Burgess.} Summit of Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains, and Flathead Rivei, B.C. (Dawson.} Rather common along the Bow River, from Mo rley westward to Laggan, thence along the, Kicking Horse River to Donald, in the Columbia valley, B.C. (Macoun.} Port Clarence, Norton and Kotzebue sounds, and rapids of the Yukon. (Rothr. Alash.) Francis River, lat. 61°, and Yukon River, lat. 63° (Dawson.) Throughout the wooded country to Bear Lake, and to the prairies of the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl} (2302.) A. cernuum, Roth. Pursh, Fl. II., 732 ; Hook., Fl. II., 184. - A. stellatum, Hook., Fl. II, 184, in part. Abundant in the western part of the prairie region, and westward to Vancouver Island. Low open prairie, Turtle Mountain and Short Creek, Man. (Burgess.) Souris River, Man. (Millman.) Lake of the woods; West Butte, 49th parallel; South Kootanie Pass, Wild Horse Creek, Kootanie Yalley, North Fork of Old Man River, Rocky Mountains ; Gatcho Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Blackfoot Cross- ing, Bow River, Alberta ; near Dunvegan, Peace River, lat. 56° ; rather common on grassy slopes from Morley westward to Castle Mountain and thence to the Columbia valley at Donald, where it is abundant ; on dry slopes at Spence's Bridge, and Lytton, B. C. ; • grassy places near Victoria; on the slopes of Mount Finlayson ; woods near Departure Bay ; very abundant at Qualicum and Alberni, and along mountain slopes, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Nootka, where the bulbs are used as an esculent. (Hooker, FL) 36 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2303.) A. Canadense, Kalm. Michx., Fl. I., 194; Pursh, Fl. I.r 223 ; Hook., Fl. II., 185. Along river banks, rather rare. Montreal Island, above Nun's Island t 1821. (Dr. Holmes.') Along the Moira, at the paper mill, Belleville, Hastings Co. ; Meyer's Island, in the Trent, above Meyersburg, Nor- thumberland Co. ; Massassaga Point, Bay of Quinte, Prince Edward Co. ; Colchester, Essex Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Elver bank, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2304.) A. reticulatum, Eraser. Hook., Fl. II., 184. A. angulosum, Pursh, Fl. I., 223. Rather common on dry gravelly slopes in some parts of the prairie region. Open prairie, Turtle Mountain, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Moose Jaw Creek, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant on gravel ridges and slopes along the Assiniboine Elver, at Brandon, and on ridges along the Qu'Appelle Valley, near Fort Ellice, Man. (Macoun.y Badger Coulee, 49th parallel, and Milk Elver Ridge, Alberta. (Dawson.) Common on a gravelly hillside, Stoney Reserve, Morley, Rocky Moun- tains. (Macoun.) Wooded country, especially about Carleton House, Saskatchewan River. (Hooker, Fl.} (2305.) A. Ceyeri, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., Vol. VI., A. reticulatum, Var. p. Watson, Bot. King's Rep., V., 486. A few poor specimens of this were gathered near Beacon Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island, in 1875, and referred to A. reticulatum. Fine fruiting specimens were observed at Oak Bay, near the same place, 188*7. (Macoun.) Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, 1885. (Fletcher.) (2306.) A. acuminatum, Hook., Fl. II., 184. A very beautiful and common species in numerous localities in the southern part of Vancouver Island. On dry ground near Victoria. (Fletcher. Meehan.) Yale, B.C. (J. A. Hill.) Abundant on rocks around Cedar Hill ; at Mount Finlayson, and along the coast from Victoria to Nanaimo, where it is common ; on dry ledges near Departure Bay, at Qualicum and on the rocks along the Alberni canal, on the west coast. (Macoun.) Mary Island, Gulf of Georgia. (Dawson.) Plentiful at Nootka Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) (2307.) A. stellatum, Eraser. Hook., Fl. II., 184, in part. A rather rare and obscure species, occasionally recorded from the prairie region. Rat Portage, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) On the prairie south of the Touchwood Hills, at Pheasant Mountain and on the CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 37 Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) High Bluff, Man. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.) Plains of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Boston Bar, below Lytton, B.C. (Fletcher.) Spence's Bridge, B.C. (A. J. Bill.') (2308.) A. Nevii, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., Vol. VI., 231. A. reticulatum, Hook., Fl. II., 184, in part Abundant in a few localities. This species throws up leaves early in spring, bat does not flower until after the middle of June, when it is in perfection. Abundant in a field near the base of Cedar Hill, and in some profusion on rocky ground near Cloverdale, close to Victoria; common on rocky ledges, at the Half Way House, four miles from Xanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Nootka. (Hooker, (2309.) A. Vancouverense. Abundant on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,976 feet. It grows in crevices of rocks and bursts into flower as soon as the snow disappears ; July 17th, 1887. Dr. Watson, to whom this species has been submitted, believes it to be new. The bulbs have been planted .at our Experimental Farm, and the species will be fully described next year. The specimens obtained were too young for correct deter- mination but the species is near A. faldfolium. 616. CAMASSIA, Lindl. (CAMASS) (2310.) C. Fraseri, Torr. Pacif. E. Eep., IV., 147. Scilla Fraseri, Gray, Man., Ed. V, 533. Apparently rare in Ontario. White Island, in the Detroit Eiver, opposite Amherstburgh, 1882. (Macoun.) (2311.) C. esculenta, Lindl. Hook., PI. II., 186. Phalangium Quamash, Pursh, Fl. L, 226. Very abundant in all rich soils, and even in cultivated fields and meadows, throughout the southern part of Vancouver Island. It be- comes less common as the oak disappears, but at Qualicum and Alberni it is still in profusion in open spots. (Macoun. Fletcher. Dawson.) North West America. (Hooker, Fl.) By following the plough in the autumn, when the stubble is being turned over, many fine bulbs can be collected. It is not so much eaten now as formerly, as the Indians have better food since the advent of the whites. (2312.) C. Leichtlinii, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad. Vol. XII., 376, C. esculenta, var. Leichtlinii, Baker. Bot. Mag., t. 6287. C. esculenta, var ft. floribus albus, Hook., Fl. II., 186 Chlorugalum Leichtlinii, Baker, Gard. Chron., 689, (1874.) Occasionally met with, growing in company with the preceding 38 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. species. On King's Farm, at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, 1884. (Fletcher. Hill) The specimens referred here are exactly like those of Suksdorf, upon which the species was founded by Watson. We have both white and blue flowered specimens. 617. LILIUM, Linn. Gen. 410. (LILY) (2313.) L. Philadelphicum, Linn. Hook., FJ. II., 181; Pursh, Fl. I., 229. L. umbettatum, Pursh, Fl. I., 229. Bather common in western Ontario, but more so throughout tfie prairie region. McKay's woods and other localities near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Thickets near the Grand Trunk gravel pit, at Prescott, Ont. ( Killings.} On gravel banks and ridges, and along the rocky banks of rivers, and over the whole extent of Rice Lake Plains, Ont. (Macoun.) East Flamboro, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Sandy woodlands near London; Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie, Ont. (Burgess.} Cockburn Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Very abundant along the north shore of Lake Superior, on exposed rocks, and along Poplar River, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Down the Missinaibi River to Moose Factory, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Nelson River, and at Oxford House, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Open prairie at Emerson, Man. (Burgess.} Red River, Man., plentiful ; near Pincher Creek, and between the north and middle fork of the Old Man River, foot-hills, Rocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) Portage la Prairie, Man. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.) Calgary, Alberta. (St. Cyr) Abundant on the prairies from Winnipeg to Moose Jaw, and westward to Canmore, in the Rocky Mountains, appearing again at Donald, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) Neighborhood of Calgary. (Prof. Fowler.) Portage la Loche, lat. 57°. (Bach.) Lake Huron and throughout Canada to the Saskatche" wan and prairies of the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. ? Probably an albino, petals pale yellow, not spotted; more narrowly lanceolate with longer claws. Near Turtle Mountain, on the open prairie, 49th parallel; rare. (Dawson.) Badger Creek, Man. (Burgess.) (2314.) L. Canadense, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 181; Pursh, Fl. I., 229; Michx., Fl. L, 198. L. pardalinum, var. Bourgsd, Baker. Journ. Linn. Soc., XIV., 242. Common eastward, but rather rare to the west. Not uncommon, Pictou Co., . N. S., and Cape Breton. (McKay.) Truro and Col- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 39 Chester, N.S. ; Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (Sommers, Cat.} Low meadows between New Glasgow and Port Mulgrave, N.S. ; in low in- tervales at Whycocogmah, Cape .Breton. (Macoun.) Common in meadows at Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N S. (Faribault.) Bathurst, N.B. (Me Gill Coll. If erb.) Common on intervales and moist meadows, New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) On the flats along the lower part of the Metapedia Kiver, Q. (Macoun.) St. Anne de la Parade, Q. (St. Cyr.) Beauport, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Laprairie, near Mon- treal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) In meadows along the Grand Trunk Eailway, between Cobourg and Port Hope, Ont. (Macoun.) Low shady place at London and Blenheim, Ont. j very common. (Burgess.) Right bank of Eainy Kiver, below Fort Francis, 1872. (Macoun.) (2315) L. Carolinianum, Michx. Fl. L, 197. L. Canadense, var. superbum, Elwes., Mon. Lil. t. 21. L. superbum, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 181 ; Pursh, Fl. L, 230; Macoun Cat, No. 1853. Eich low grounds, western Ontario. Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Moist grounds half a mile west of London, Ont. (Saunders.) A specimen in our herbarium, collected by Dr. Burgess, near London, in 1879, approaches this species very closely, both in its revolute perianth and almost perfectly smooth leaves. Mr. James Fletcher, botanist to the Experimental Farm at Ottawa, has grown Lilium Caro- linianum from bulbs purchased in the United States, together with the form here referred to, L. Carolinianum. He believes that our own form is different from both L. Carolinianum and L. Canadense and sug- gests that Elwes' name should belong to it. It is extremely probable that his view is the correct one. (2316.) L. Columbian urn, Hanson. Baker, Linn. Soc. Journ., XIV., 243. L. Canadense, var. parviftorum, Hook., Fl. IT., 181. L.parvum, Kell. Macoun, Cat. No. 1854. L. Philadelphicum,vax.p. Hook.,Fl. II., 181. Abundant in some localities ; generally on dry gravelly soil. Whipsaw Creek, B.C. (Dawson.) Very common at Victoria, Vancouver Island, (J. Richardson. Fletcher.) On gravelly soil throughout the oak openings in the southern part of Vancouver Island ; common at Nanaimo and near the Wellington Mines ; on old sea beaches of gravel and shells at Qualicum, at Home Lake, in the interior, and Alberni on the west coast. (Macoun.) 40 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 618. FRITILLARIA, Linn. Gen. 411. (FRITILLARIA) (2317) F, Kamtschatcensls, Ker. Hook., Fl. II., 181. The specimens referred here are much taller and stouter than the next species, and, as far as I am aware, are confined to the proximity of the sea. The number of flowers varies from two to four, and they are usually of a dull purple. The first whorl of leaves is generally four, but the next usually has five. Abundant on grassy banks within the influence of spring tides at the mouth of the Nanaimo Eiver, a little below the new bridge; occasional specimens at Gordon Head, four miles from Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Vic- toria, 1876. (Dawson.) Sitka, Ounalashka, and Cape Prince of Wales. (Rothr. Alask.) North-west coast, on the beach ; Observatory Inlet to Stikine Kiver. (Hooker, Fl.) (2318.) F. lanceolata, Pursh, Fl. I., 230; Hook., Fl. II., 181. Very abundant on dry gravelly soil in some localities on the West Coast. • Above Lytton, on the Fraser Kiver, B.C. (Dawson.) In pro- fusion at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Very common throughout the oak woods and rocky, mountainous places from Victoria to Nanaimo and north to Qualicum, where it is especially abundant near the sea ; and across the island to Alberni. (Macoun.) Nootka Sound. (Menzies.) Var. fl or i bund a, Benth. On dry ground, King's Farm, and at Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2319. F. pudica, Spreng. Hook., Fl. II., 182. IMium (f)pudicum, Pursh, Fl. L, 228. Not uncommon at Fort McLeod and Lethbridge, Alberta. The only known stations east of the Rocky Mountains. (N. H. Cow dry.) Appar- ently very rare in British Columbia. Collected on the mountain slopes along the Thompson Eiver, at Lytton, B.C. (Macoun.) In abundance, with Calochortus macrocarpus, on the slope opposite Lytton station, and at Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 41 ERYTHRONIUM, Gen 414. Linn. (DOG'S TOOTH VIOLET) <2320.) E. Americanum, Smith. Hook., PI. II., 182. E. Dens-canis, Michx., Fl. 198. E. lanceolatum, Pursh, Fl. L, 230. Very abundant in rich woods throughout Ontario. Not common at Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Colchester Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Hudson's Brook, Kent Co.; abundant at Fredericton; near St. John and at Nor- ton, on the Kennebeccasis, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bathurst, N.B. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.) Sillery, Q. (St. Cyr.) Abundant in rich woods, Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Common along the Rouge River, Argenteuil Co., Q. (_D' Urban.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Very com- mon around Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Rich woods, common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common in woods throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of .Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Rich woods, London, Ont. Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Woods, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) (2321.) E. albidum, Nutt. Gen. L, 223. Apparently rare in Ontario. Abundant in a rich low wood, two miles east of Belleville, between the Grand Trunk Railway and the Bay of Quinte, 1878. (Macoun.) Steep clay banks of river at "The Cove" London, Ont. (Burgess.) (2322.) E. propullans, Gray, Amer. Nat. V., 298. In rich, deep soil, on the farm of George Casey, M.P., near Fingal, Elgin Co., Ont., 1882. (Macoun.) (2323.) E. grand iflorum, Var. (?) albiflorum. Hook.Fl. II., 182. Very abundant in rich woods, and in crevices of rocks, and on old sea beaches throughout the whole southern part of Vancouver Island. A remarkably fine species and well worthy of cultivation. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria. (Fletcher. Hill.) Var. (?) Smithii. Hook., Fl. II., 182. E. revolutum, Smith in Rees. Cycl. E. grandiflorum, var. revolutum, Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc- XIV., 296. Gathered by Menzies on Vancouver Island. Not lately detected •unless this may be var. albiflorum, which turns pinkish in drying if young specimens are taken. 42 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. giganteum, Hook., Fl. II., Summit of Coast Eange, near the Fraser Eiver, B.C., 1877. Stems, three to four flowered. (Dawson.) Harrison Lake, B.C. (Burgess, Herb.) Flowers, large bright yellow. Var. (?) minor, Morren. Belg. Hort. XXVI., 109. The specimens referred here are all from high mountain summits, generally one flowered and bright yellow. In moist thickets South Kootanie Pass, 18 SI, and on the western summit of the, North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, (Dawson.) On the summit of Hope Moun- tain, B.C. (J. Tolmie.) Goose Creek Mountains, Cariboo, B.C., 6,000 feet alt. (Bowman.) In abundance on mountains around Kicking Horse Lake, and on the beds of snow-slides, passing up to the limit of perpetual snow ; in great profusion at the summit of the Selkirks, close to the melting snow, Aug. 24th, 1885 ; abundant on the summit of Mount Benson, alt. 3,363 feet; occasional specimens on Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,500 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 620. LLOYDIA, Saiisb. (2324.) L. serotina, Eeichenb. Watson, Proced. Am. Acad., XIV., 261. Anthericum serotinum, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 183. St. Lawrence and Ounalashka islands, Cape Lisburne and Kotzebue Sound. (Eothr. Alask.) Northern Arctic coast. (Dr. Richardson.) 621. CALOCHORTUS, Pursh, Fl. 1 , 240. (2325.) C. elegans. Pursh, var. nanus, Wood. Proc, Phil. Acad. 168 (1868). C. elegans, Hook., Fl. II., 183; Macoun, Cat, No. 1873. C. Lyallii, Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. XIV., 305. C. elegans, var. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 183. Summit of the South Kootanie and Crow Nest passes, Eocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) Eecesses of the Eocky Mountains, near the region of perpetual snow. (Douglas.) (2326.) C- macrocarpus, Dougl. Hook., Fl. II., 183. Dry, gravelly soil on the mountains above Lytton, B.C. (Macoun.) Very fine specimens at Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Similkameen Eiver; near Wild Hor&e Creek, Kootanie Valley, B.C. (Dawson.) Abundant at Lytton, Spence's Bridge, and Kamloops, B.C. (Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 622. CHAM/ELIRIUM, Willd. (DEVIL'S BIT) (2327.) C. Carclinianum, Willd. Watson, Proc. Am. Acad^, VI.,. 282. C. luteum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 527. Helonias dioica, Pursh, Fl. I., 243. In swamps near Mount Pleasant, Ont. (.Burgess.') Canada. (Gray, Man.) 623. XEROPHYLLUM, MX. Fl. I., 210. (XEROPHYLLUM) (2328.) X. tenax, Nutt. Watson, Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 284. Helonias tenax. Pursh, Fl. I., 243. South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, 49th parallel. Abundant and past flowering in the lower valleys, but still flowering at 6,000 feet alt., on Aug. 17th, 18*74. Crow Nest Pass, 1883. (Dawson.) ( 624. TOFIELDIA, Huds. (FALSE ASPHODEL) (2329.) T. borealis, Wahlenb. Fl. Lapp., 169. T. palustris, Huds. Hook., Fl. II., 179. T. pusilla, Pursh, Fl. I., 246. Narthecium pusillum, Michx., Fl. I., 209. Peat bogs and on rocks along the sea or large lakes. Ford's Har- bor, Labrador. (R. Sell,) Low grounds and peat bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands, Eiver St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Lake Mistassini. (Michaux.) Lake Mistassini and down the Eupert Elver to James Bay, and northward on all the islands in James Bay to Cape Jones ; Missinaibi Eiver, Ont., and north to Moose Factory. (J. M. Macoun.} Hill Eiver and mouth of Churchill Eiver, Hudson Bay. (E. Bell) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Eatherrare in the Eocky Mountains, at Castle Mountain and Mount Stephen, J)ut abundant at Donald, in the valley of the Wait-a-bit. (Macoun.) Great Slave Lake ; Ungava, Hudson Strait, (McGill Coll. Herb.) Mossy soil, Kingnite, Cumberland Gulf, Cape Searle, and Scott's Bay, west side of Baffin's Bay. (J. Taylor.) Between the Mackenzie Eiver and Baffin's Bay. Smith's Sound and Greenland. (Hooker, Arct. PI.) From Labrador and Hudson Bay to Bear Lake River ; and west to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) Greenland. (Lange.) 44 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2330.) T. coccinea, Rich. Hook. Fl. II., 179. Barren ground from lat. 64° to the shores of the Arctic sea ; about Jasper's Lake, in the Rocky Mountains, and on the west coast, north of lat. 58°, to Ounalashka. (Hooker, FL*) Kotzebue Sound, Chamisso Island, and Cape Lisburne. (Rothr. Alask.) North east coast of America. (Hooker, Arct. PL) Var. major, Hook., Fl.II., 179. Mackenzie River. (Richardson.) Only two specimens of this variety have been gathered, and the writer has seen no specimens of either form. (2331.) T. glutinosa, Willd. Pursh, Fl. I., 246 ; Hook., Fl. II., 179. Narthecium glutinosum, Michx., Fl. L, 210. Cold bogs and borders of mountain lakes and rivers. Flat lands, Restigouche Co. ; along the Upper St. John, Eel and Tobique rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Salt Lake, and in peat bogs, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands, St. Lawrence River. (St. Cyr.) Quebec, Island of Orleans. (Thomas.) Cleghorn's, Quebec, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Shore of Georgian Bay at Collingwood. (Logie.) Fairview Harbor, Drum- mond Island, Thompson Point #and McLeod Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Wet gravelly river flat, Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Shore of Lake Huron at Red Bay; Livingstone Poinfy Lake Nipigon, along the shores of Thun- der Bay, and the east coast of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) On the Athabasca river near Fort Assiniboine ; Bow River valley, from Calgary westward to Hector at the summit of the Rocky Mountains; abundant around Home Lake and on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Rocky Mountains, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) From Hudson Bay to Bear Lake, and to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2332.) T. occidentalism Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., XIV., 283. In boggy ground. Beaver Creek valley, near Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, 1885. (Macoun.) Easily distinguished from T. glutinosa by the long sepals and pedicels which are twice as long in each case. 625. UVULARIA, Linn. Gen. 412. (BELL-WORT) >(2333.) U. perfoliata, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 174; Pursh, Fl. L, 231. U. perfoliata, var. minor, Michx., Fl. L, 199. Rich woods, but of doubtful occurrence in Canada. The references CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 45- given below are quoted from authorities, but specimens have not been examined. Woods near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Yicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logie.) (2334.) U. grandiflora, Smith. Pursh,Fl.L, 231; Hook., Fl. XL, 174. U. perfoliata, var. major, Michx., Fl. L, 199. Eich woods, common in many parts of Quebec and Ontario. Batis- can, Q. (St. Cyr.) Gomin's Woods, Quebec. (Thomas.') Abundant by roadsides in newly cleared parts of Grenville, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Papineau Eoad, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Abundant in the neighborhood of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very abundant in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Low rich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Woods at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Huron. (Hooker, Fl.) . (2335.) U. sessilifolia, Linn. Hook. Fl. II., 175^ Pursh, Fl. L, 233. Oakesia sessiiifolia, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., XIV., 269. Rich woods, but chiefly in Quebec and New Brunswick. Near Truro, N.S. (Chambers.) Truro, and North Woods Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) St. John, and King's Go's. ; Lily Lake; Kouchi- bouguac and Grand Lakfe, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ste. Anne de la Perade, Q. (St. Cyr.) Papineau Road, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Quite common in rich woods around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) New Bruns- wick. (Hooker, FL) 626. DISPORUM, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. L, 331: (2336.) D. Menziesii, Don. Uvularia Smithii, Hook., Fl. II., I/ *. Prosartes Menziesii, Don. Linn., Trans. XVIIL, 533- We have never seen Canadian specimens of this species, but Dr. Watson gives its range " from California to British Columbia." Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island. (Hooker, Fl.) (2337.) D. lanuginosa, Don.f Prosartes lanuginosa, Don. Macoun, Cat. No. 1836 ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 528, (1868). Uvularia lanuginosa, Pursh. Hook., Fl. 174, in part. Slreptopus lanuginosus, Pursh, Fl. I., 232 ; Michx., Fl. I., 201. woods, western Ontario. Woods near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) 46 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Rich woods, Norfolk Co., Ont. (Dr. Nichol.) Port Dover Junction, Elgin Co., Ont., 1882. (Macoun.) Shaded banks, London, Ont. (Millman. Burgess.} (2338.) D. trachycarpa, Watson. Prosartes trachycarpa, Watson. Rep. King's Exp. V., 344; Macoun, Cat. No. 1835. Uvularia puberula, Rich., App. 10. U. lanuginosa, Pers. Hook., Fl. II., 174, in part. U. lanuginosa, var, major, Hook., Fl. II., 174. Generally found in poplar and willow thickets throughout the prairie region. Slopes of the South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Thickets along the Cypress Hills, N.W.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Not uncommon at Manitoba House, Lake Manitoba ; on slopes of the Por- cupine Mountains ; sand hills at the source of the Qu'Appelle ; rather common in thfc foot-hills o,f the Rocky Mountains and westward to Kananaskis station. (Macoun.) In thickets near Regina, Assiniboia. (Fletcher.) Wooded country from Lake Winnipeg to the Rocky Moun- tains, and from Norway House to Cumberland House. (Hooker, FL) (2339.) D. Hookeri, Ton-. Prosartes Hookeri, Torr. Pacif. R. Rep., IV., 144 ; Macoun. Cat. No- 1834. The specimens placed under this species are unlike any form we have of D. Oregana. They are charcterized by perfectly smooth fruit (half-grown), and, in flowering specimens, by the smooth style and nearly glabrous ovary. Not uncommon in woods at Donald, in the Columbia Valley, and westward in Beaver Creek Yalle}^ to Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains ; also at Quesnel, and Soda Creek, B.C., 1875. (Macoun.) Mountain slopes at Spence's Bridge, and Yale, B.C. (Fletcher.) (2340.) D. Oregana, Watson. Prosartes Oregana, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., XIV., 271. Uvularia lanuginosa, Hook,, Fl. II., 174, in part. Rich low woods. Apparent! 3^ common in the rich woodlands through- out Vancouver Island, as far north as Qualicum and Alberni. All the island specimens have very hairy fruit even when fully ripe. Speci- mens exactly similar were gathered at New Westminster, B.C., 1875- (Macoun.) Eastern base of Coast Range, on Skagit River, B.C., 1877. Glenora, Stikine River, 1887. (Dawson.) Vicinity of Victoria, Van- couver Island. (Meehan.) North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) * CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 47 627. CLINTONIA, Rafm. (CLINTONIA) • (2341.) C. borealis, Eaf. Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 529. Smilacina borealis, Pursh, Fl. I., 232 ; Hook., Fl. II., 175. Rich cool woods, abundant chiefly eastward. Labrador. (Butler.) Brigus, Newfoundland. (E. Bell.) New Harbor, Trinity Bay, New- foundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, and Canso, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.} Bedford, N.S. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.) Rich woods, Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.} St. John and King's Go's.; St. John city; Kouchibouguac ; along the Tobique River; Bald Mountain and between Pabineau, and Grand Falls, N.B. (Fowler, Cat} Bathurst, N.B. (McG-ill Coll Herb.} Woods, Salt Lake, Anticosti, and on the Gasp<3 coast. (Macoun.} Ouatchechou, Island of Orleans, and Mingan Islands, River St, Lawrence. (St .Cyr.} Savanne and other places near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.} Rich woods at Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.} Very abundant in Argen- teuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Murray Bay, St. Lawrence River. (McGill Coll. Herb.} Cool woods, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fi. Ott.} Lo\^j wet woods and cedar swamps, central Ontario ; common. (Macoun.) Somewhat common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.') Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Buchan.} Low woods, London, Ont., and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.} Owen Sound, Mississagui Island, Cockburn Island, and Hilton, Georgian Bay. ( J. Bell.} In many places around Lake Superior and Lake Nipigon, and westward on the Dawson route to Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.} Lake Mistassini, and down the Rupert River to James Bay ; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn River ; also down the Missinaibi River. (J. M. Macoun.} New Brunswick; Newfoundland ; Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, FL) (2342.) C. uniflora, Kunth. Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc., XIY., 584. Smilacina uniflora, Menzies. Hook., Fl. II., 175 ; Macoun, Cat No. 1847. Cool shady woods, from the Rocky Mountains to Vancouver Island. South Kootanie Pass, and Kootanie Valley, Rocky Mountains ; Tany- abunkat Lake, B.C. (Dawson.} Goose Creek Mountains, Cariboo, B.C., alt. 5,800 feet. (Bowman.) Rather uncommon in mountain woods, from Hector, Rocky Mountains, westward through British Columbia and northward to Fort McLeod, lat. 55° ; rather rare on Van- couver Island, only observed on Mount Mark, alt. 2,750 feet. (Macoun.) Yale Mountain, B.C. (Fletcher.} North West America, and on the mountains of the interior. (Hooker, FL} 48 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 628. MEDEOLA, Linn. Gen. 455. (INDIAN CUCUMBER) (2343.) M. Virginica, Linn. Michx., PI. I., 214; Pursh, PL I., 244; Hook., PL II., 179. Rich woods, rather common ; but seldom seen in abundance any- where. Windsor, Dartmouth, Halifax, and Pictpu, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Truro, and North Woods, Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Woodlands, Glenelg, Guysboroueh Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Bathurst, N.B. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Kouchilbouguac, and Bass River ; St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, and Hampton, N.B. (Chalmers) Island of Orleans. (Thomas.) Very abundant in rocky and sandy woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) In a swamp, Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Rich woods, around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott) Woods at Fresco tt, Ont.; common. (Billings.) Rich deep woods, rather uncommon, in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Woods near Lake Medad, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low rich woods, London, Ont., and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (.Burgess.) London, and Komoka, Ont. (Millman.) Owen Sound, and Hilton, Ont. (J. Bell.) St. Joseph Island, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.) 629. TRILLIUM, Linn. Gen. 456. (THREE-LEAVED NIGHTSHADE.) (2344.) T. erectum, Linn., var. atropurpureum, Hook. FL II., 180; Pursh, FL I., 245. T. rhomboideum, var. atropurpureum, Michx., Fl. I., 215. T. obovatum, Pursh, Fl. I., 246. (Montreal plant) Low rich woods by the borders of swamps. Halifax, and near Rock- head ; Hall's Harbor, King's Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Woods, Cape Blomidon, N.S. (Macoun.) Common about St. John, Loch Lomond, and St. Croix River ; Upper St. John River and its tributaries, Norton, Tobi- que, near Pokiok, and Bald Mountain ; rare in the northern counties of N.B. only reported from Restigouche. (Fowler, Cat.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Papineau Road, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Abundant in low woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D1 Urban.) Yicinity of Ottawa; common. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Com- mon at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common throughout central Ontario in wet woods ; northward it is found on drier soil, as at North CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 49 Bay, Lake Nipissing. (Macoun.) Woods, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.} St. Joseph Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell} Port Colborne, Ont. (McG-ill Coll Herb.) Owen Sound, and in woods up the Kaministiqua River, west of Lake Superior, (Macoun.) Var. album, Pursh, PI. I., 245; Hook , PL, II., 180. Occasionally detected in low woods growing with the species. Eel River, Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ironsides, Ottawa Co., Q. (J". M. Macoun.) Occasionally found with the species, and wherever it occurs about Ottawa. (Fletcher.) G-omin-Wood, near Quebec. (St.Cyr.) On limestone near Gate Lake, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) In low wet woods three miles east of Belleville, between .the railway and the Bay of Quinte ; low thicket, Cold Creek, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; also woods at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Var. ochroleucum, Hook., PI. II., 180. Canada. (Hooker, Fl) While exploring North Mountain, near Annapolis, N.S., a few years since, a couple of specimens of this variety were gathered. They are smaller flowered than the type, but gener- ally resemble it. Many years ago the writer obtained specimens of a form with green petals, which had been gathered in the county of Peterboro, Ont. Nothing has been heard of it for the last twenty years. Var. declinatum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 523. T. cernuum, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., Vol. XT V.^ 275 in part. Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) North shore of Lake Superior ; at the mouth of Nipigon River and in the woods up the Kaministiqua ; also in abundance at Totogon, at the southern end of Lake Manitoba. (Macoun.) London, Ont. ; rare; also at Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Missinaibi River, near James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose Fac- tory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) From -the Saskatchewan to the Mackenzie River. (Hooker, Fl) In my opinion if this is not a distinct species its proper place is as the western and northern form of T. cernuum. When fresh the two forms are very distinct. The peduncle in T. cernuum is short and recurved, while in this it is twice as long as in cernuum and merely declined. The habitat of T. cernuum is alluvial flats, while that of the variety is low damp woods, without reference to streams. The species is scented while the variety is scentless, and the flowers of the former are not half 4 50 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. as large as those of the latter. The two may grow in the same districts but not together. Dr. Watson disagrees with me and believes its place is with T. erectum, and in deference to him I place it there. (2345.) T. grand jflorum, Salisb. ; Pursh, PI. I., 246; Hook., PI. II., 180. T. rhomboideum, var. grandiflorum, Michx., Fl. I., 216. T. camtschatieum, Pursh, Fl. I., 246. Not uncommon in rich woods in Ontario. Yicinity of Montreal, 1814. (Pursh.) Townships of Grenville and Wentworth, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Very abundant on King's Mountain and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Very common at Prescott, Ont. (killings.) Abundant throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Very common in woods at Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.) "Woods at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) (2346.) T. ovatum, Pursh, Fl. I., 245 ; Hook., Fl. II., 180. T. grandiflorum, Hook., Fl. II., 180, in part. Eich woods in the Fraser Yalley, from Yale to the coast, and not rare in rich, shady woods on Vancouver Island, from Victoria to Quali- cum and Albei^ni. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria. (Hill. Fletcher.) (2347.) T. cernuum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 180 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 245. Chiefly in rich low woods, and intervale lands of river bottoms. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.} In woods, Truro, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.} Eothesay, N.B. (Matthews.} Gal- lows Hill, near Napan, Northumberland Co. ; Bass Eiver, and Oxbow, on Salmon Eiver ; St. Francis, Kennebeccasis and Norton; Tobique, at Two Brooks, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bathurst, N.B. (Me Gill Coll. Herb.) Eiver Ste. Anne des Monts, Q. (Macoun. Porter.} In rich woods, Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.} Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.} Vicinity of Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.} Billings Bridge, the only locality near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Woods along Bell's Creek, three miles east of Belleville, Hastings Co. ; Cold Creek flats rear of Esli Teml's farm, Brighton, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) St. Joseph Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) (2348.) T. erythrocarpum, Michx., Fl., I., 216; Hook. Fl., II., 180. T. pictum, Pursh, Fl. I., 244 ; Holmes, Cat. Montreal Plants. Eich and cool woods, rather local in its distribution. Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, and Pirate's Harbor, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Woods, Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common, especially on recently burned ground in northern counties; St. John CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 51 and King's Go's. ; also St. John city, KB, (Fowler, Cat.) Portland, KB. (Matthews.} In woods, Gaspd Basin, Q. (Macoun.} Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) In rich woods, Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.') Papineau Wood, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Local at Ottawa, (Fletcher, Fl Ott.) Somewhat rare at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) North Bay, Lake Nipissing, and at Collingwood, Georgian Bay. (Macoun.) St. Eemi, Q. ; and Kcmptville, Ont. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Eich woods, Hatchley, Ont ; Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) 630. MELANTHIUM, Linn. Gen. 454. (2349.) M. Virginicum, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 524. M. hybridum, Pursh, Fl. L, 242. Leimanthium hybridum, Rcem. ; Hook., Fl. II., 177. Upper Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) We have never 'seen a Canadian specimen of this species, and cannot speak explicitly of its occurrence in western Ontario. Certainly the region where Mr. Goldie botanized (the shores of Lake Erie) is less known botanically, than any other part of the Dominion, except the extreme north. 631. VERATRUM, Linn. Gen. 1144. (FALSE HELLEBORE.) (2350.) V. viride, Ait. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 242 ; Hook. Fl. II. 178. V. album, Michx., Fl. I., 249 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1829. V. Eschscholtzii, Gray ; Rothr. Alask. 456. V. album, var. Eschscholtzii, Dawson, Bound. Rep. 374. Eather common on intervales of the Eestigouche, Eichibucto, St. John, and Kennebeccasis rivers, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) In numerous places along the Gaspe coast, from Mont Louis to Metis. (Macoun.} Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Yery common at Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) South Kootanie Pass and foothills of Eocky Mountains, 49th parallel. (Dawson. Burgess.) In mountain swamps and on snow-slides from Castle Mountain, in the Eocky Mountains, westward to the Selkirks and mountains in the Peace Eiver Pass, lat. 56° ; on mountain slopes and in river valleys, Mount Finlayson, Mount Benson, Mount Arrow- smith, and Mount Mark; also at Goldstream, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Sooke, Vancouver Island. 52 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Fletcher.} Sitka, (Rothr. Alask.) Canada to the Saskatchewan and the Eocky Mountains, and from the Columbia to the Stikine. (Hooker, Fl) Snow Shoe Valley, Cariboo, B.C., alt. 3,000 feet. (Bowman.} 632. STENANTHIUM, A. Cray. Ann. Lye. N. York IV., 119, (2351.) S. occidentale, Gray, Proced. Am. Acad., XVIII., 405. Crow Nest and South Kootanie passes, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.} Abundant on the slopes of ravines on all the Eocky Mountains up the Bow Eiver Valley, and westward to the Columbia Valley at Donald ; along Little Qualicum Eiver, on the slopes of Mount Arrowsmith, alt, 4,500 feet, and on Mount Mark, alt. 2,500 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Near Yale, B.C. (Fletcher.} 633. ZYCADENUS, Michx. Fl. I., 213. (ZYGADENE.) (2352.) Z. elegans, Pursh, Fl. I., 241; Hook., Fl. II., 178. Z. glauais, Nutt, ; Hook., Fl. II., 178 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1826. Z. chloranthus, Kichards ; Hook., Fl. II., 177. Eather rare along river banks eastward but abundant on the prairies and westward to the Pacific. Sand beach at Belledune, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Salt Lake, Anticosti, and on cliffs along the Gaspe* coast. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands and Anticosti. (St. Cyr.} Murray Bay, Eiver St. Lawrence. (McGill Coll. Herb.} Bank of the Moira and in a field near Belleville ; rocky banks Shannonville, and swamp three miles south of Marmora, Hastings Co. ; marsh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.} Island Harbor, and Drummond Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Sell.) Shaded river bank, Southampton, and Elora, Ont. (Burgess.} Very common throughout the prairie region extending westward through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley at Donald. (Macoun.) Near Turtle Mountain and westward on the 49th parallel to the Milk Eiver, and Crow Nest Pass in the Kocky Mountains. (Dawson.} Fort Selkirk, Yukon Eiver, lat. 62° 45'. (Schwatka.) Kotzebue Sound, Port Clarence, Arctic coast and Fort Yukon. (Rothr. Alask.) Banks of the St. Lawrence, around Niagara Falls, and on the borders of Lakes Erie and Huron. In the valleys of the Eocky Mountains near the sources of the Columbia and on the banks of the Saskatchewan and. Eed rivers. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 53 (2353.) Z. venenosus, Watson, Proced. Am. Acad., XIV., 279. Z. Nuttallii, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1827. Leimanthium Nuttallii, Hook., Fl. II., 177. Quite common on the upper slopes of the Cypress Hills and west- ward through the foot-hills to Castle Mountain in the Eocky Moun- tains. (Macoun.) Wood Mountain, 49th parallel, 1874. (Millman. Burgess.) Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. .Fowler.) Lytton, B.C. (Hill.) Milk Kivei- Eidge, Alberta ; Nicola Valley, and Drew Harbor, B.C. North point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia. (Dawson.) Abun- dant in the Fraser Valley ; and around Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Very abundant in the southern part of Vancouver Island, and extending to Qualicum and Alberni. (Macoun.) Locally named " Poison Camass," as the bulb is poisonous. (2354.) Z. paniculatus, Watson, Eep. King's Exp. V., 344. Helonias paniculata, Nutt, Journ. Phil. Acad., VIL, 57. Apparently rare, on the great plains, as none of our collectors, so far as I am aware, have even gathered the plant. According to Dr. Watson it ranges from Nevada to the Saskatchewan. OVIII. PONTEDEEIACEJE. PICKEREL-WEED FAMILY. 634. PONTEDERIA. Linn. (PICKEREL-WEED.) (2355.) P. cordata, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 187. Frequent in ponds and by lake margins. Marshes near Cape Blomi- don, N.S, (Macoun.) Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, Mahone Bay and Truro, N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Shallow water, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Kennebeccasis, near the railway station, Fredericton, Grand Lake, several places on the St. John Eiver, Tobi- que Lake, Norton, Clifton Lake, and common in western parts of Charlotte Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Port St. Francois, Nicolet, Q. (St. Cyr.) Lake St. Augustine, Q. (Thomas.) Very abundant in small lakes near Lake of the Three Mountains, and in sheltered parts of Trembling Lake, Argenteuil Co., Q. (J)1 Urban.) Mouth of Eiver St. Pierre, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Nation, Eideau and Ottawa rivers, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In streams inland, from Prescott northward ; very common. (Billings.) Common in all slow- flowing rivers and lakes, and ponds throughout the northern counties of 54 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Ontario. (Macoun.} Burlington Beach, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Moon Kiver, Muskoka Co., Ont., and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.} St. Joseph Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker^ FL} Yar. angustifolia, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 545. P. angustifolia, Pursh,lFl. I., 224. This variety is very distinct from the species if the form of the leaf only is considered. The St. Glair specimens have leaves fully eight inches long and not at all cordate at the base. Many of the references given with the species very likely belong here, but we have no means of determining without the specimens. Shallow water, Norton, N.B. (Hay.} St. Clair Kiver, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Still water, Trent River, above Heely Falls, Northumberland Co. ; and Lake Isaac, Bruce Peninsula, Ont. (Macoun.} In water at Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.} 635. HETERANTHERA, Ruiz. (WATER-STAR GRASS.) (2356.) H. graminea, Yahl. ; Pursh, PI. I., 32. Leptanthus gramineus, Michx. ; Hook., Fl. II., 187. Schollera graminea, Willd. ; Gray, Man. Ed.V., 545 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1906. Abundant at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl Ott} In gravel along the north shore of Lake Ontario and the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, and at Weller's Bay, Prince Edward Co., Ont. (Macoun.} Yicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont., on the lake shore. (Buchan.} On the lake shore at Kingston, Ont. (Burgess.} CIX. XYKIDE^E. YELLOW-EYED-GRASS FAMILY. 636. XYRIS, Linn. (YELLOW-EYED GRASS.) (2357.) X. flexuosa, Muhl., var. pusilla, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 548. X. Caroliniana, Pursh, Fl. L, 33, in part. X. Jupacai, Michx., Fl. L, 23, in part. This form is easily distinguished from the species by being without the bulbous base. The writer believes it to be a distinct species and wholly separate from X. flexuosa. Peat bogs and wet sandy shores in CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 55 the northern forest region of Ontario and the eastern provinces. Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Peat bogs, G-uysboro Co., N.S. (Robert.) Kendrick's Lake, near St. Stephen ; Point de Bute, Westmoreland Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Blackstone Lake, and Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) CX. JUNCACE^E. BUSH FAMILY. 637. JUNCUS, Linn. Gen. 437. (RUSH, BOG-RUSH.) (2358.) J. effusus, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 190. Frequent in ditches and boggy places throughout the eastern pro- vinces ; Brigus, Newfoundland. (E. Bell.*) Windsor, Bedford, and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.') Truro, Halifax, Annapolis and Yarmouth, N.S. ; also in the river valley at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Abun- dant in marshy ground, New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Pentecost Eiver, Levis, and Eagged Islands, Eiver St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Ditches in McKay's Woods and other places at Ottawa. .(Fletcher, FL Ott.) Very common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) In low swampy grounds near London, Ont. (Burgess.) Ditches at Owen Sound, and in meadows at Fort William and west- ward up the Kaministiqua Eiver. (Macoun.) Lake Wabatongwashene, Ont. ; York Factory, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) Moose Factory. James Bay. (Cottar & Hayden.) Bather common in springy places through- out the southern half of Vancouver Island, extending to Qualicum, and Barclay Sound. (Macoun.) Var. brunneus, Engelm. Proc. Calif. Acad. II., 491. Abundant on the islands in Barclay Sound, west coast of Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. conglomeratus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 537. In the same situations as the species, but less common. Not com- mon in low grounds at Annapolis, N.S., and at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Fredricton, N.B., and elsewhere; not common. (Fowler, Cat.) (2359.) J. flliformis, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 190. Bather common along river margins, in gravel, and on lake shores ; 56 GEOLOGICAL SURVE5T OF CANADA. widely diffused. Bedford, near Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Low meadows, North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Burgess.) 'Truro, and Yar- mouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.) Eichibucto, Kouchibouguac, Woodstock and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Wet meadows, Gasp6 Basin, Q. Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Border of Black Creek, Grimsthorpe, Hastings Co.; abundant at Elliott's Falls, Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont. ; White Eiver, north of Lake Superior ; in wet meadows, Fort William, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) ' Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., and Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose Fac- tory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Shore of Little Slave Lake and along the Saskatchewan at Fort Carleton, and along Bow Eiver, above Calgary ; in a boggy spot on the " Tote Eoad," one mile west of the Selkirk summit, B.C., 1885. (Macoun.) Saskatchewan Eiver to Bear Lake and English Eiver. (Hooker, FL) Southern Greenland. (Hook., Arct. PL) (2360.) J. Balticus, Var. ft. littoralis, Engelm., Mon. June. 442. /. Balticus, Dethard. ; Hook., Fl. II., 180. /. glaucus, Rich., App. page 11. Sandy shores of lakes and by the sea; not rare. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Along the coast at Yarmouth and Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Common on the coast of Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Along the coast of Anticosti, at Salt Lake and Jupiter Eiver ; Gasp£ Basin and along the coast to Matane, Q. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands, Eiver St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Along the St. Lawrence Eiver at Prescott, Ont. ; rare. (Billings.} Abundant at West Lake, Prince Edward Co. and around Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario, and five miles north of Trenton, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; Point aux Pins, Sault Ste. Mavie, and along the north-east coast of Lake Superior ; Poplar Eiver, Lake Nipigon and westward. (Macoun.) Sandy shore of Toronto Island, and at Southampton, Lake Huron. (Burgess.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) North end of Lake Winnipeg, and Knee Lake, Keewatin. (22. Bell.) The panicle of the sea coast form is much more compact than that from the Great Lakes. Var. y. montanus, Engelm., Mon. June., 442. /. Balticus, Hook., Fl. II., 189, in part. This form is abundant throughout the prairie region, extending from the eastern border at Eed Eiver across the prairies and through the Eocky Mountains to Donald on the Columbia. {Macoun.) Sas- katchewan Eiver near the mountains, and at Little Slave Lake. (Hooker, FL) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 5t {2361.) J. Lescurii, Bolander, Bot. Calif., Vol. II., 205. /. Balticus, var. Pacificus, Engelm., Mon. June., 442. . Our own specimens and those of Dawson, of this species, collected on Vancouver Island, are easily separated from those of the closely re- lated J. Balticus, by their seeds, which are of a lighter color and less apiculate, and by their brown margined perianth scales. Abundant in salt marshes and on sand along the coast of Vancouver Island; near Victoria, Nanaimo, Departure Bay, Qualicum, Comox, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Blenkinsop Bay, Vancouver Island, 1885; Lewis Eiver, lat. 61° north of British Columbia. (Dawson.) All references to J. Balticus on the Pacific coast are placed below. North West America. (Hooker, Fl.) Cape Espenberg, .Norton Sound, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.} Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) (2362.) J. arcticus, Willd.; Hook., PI. II., 189, in part. We know nothing of this species. Arctic sea-coast. (Hooker, FL) Mossy soil, Middliattwack Islands, Cumberland Gulf, and Scott's Bay. (J. Taylor.) Greenland. (Hook. Arct. PL) Var. SitchensiS, Engelm., Mon. June., 445. Engelmann says that this variety is found on both sides of Behring Straits and on the island of Kodiak. Bartlett Bay Alaska. (Meehan.) Sitka, (Rothr. Alask.) Point Mulgrave, Behring Straits. (Hooker, FL) (2363.) J. Drummondii, E. Meyer. Ledeb. Flor. Ross. IV., 235. /. arcticus, var. ft. gracilis, Hook., Fl. II., 189. Quite common on the higher Rocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain westward ; appearing again on all the high mountains about the sources of Bear Creek, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) At a great -elevation in the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Ouna- lashka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2364.) J. Parryi, Engelm., Mon. June., 446. J. arcticus, var. gracilis ? Gray in PI. Parry, 34. On the western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, and on the summit of the South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) On the grassy summits of the mountains near the Glacier Hotel, Selkirk Mountains. Specimens over a foot high and having all the characters of this species were gathered in quantity during the past summer (1887) on Mount Benson and Mount Mark, alt. 3,000 feet, and on Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,000 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.') 58 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 2365.) J. trifldus, Linn.; Engelm., Mon. June. 447. Mountain summits or far north. Newfoundland. (Engelmann.) Sum- mit of Mount Albert, Gaspe*, Q., alt. 4,000 feet, 1882. (Macoun. Porter.) Southern Greenland. (Hook. Arct. PL) (2366.) J. biglumis, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 192. Arctic sea-coast and islands ; Rocky Mountains, north of Smoking River; Bay of Good Hope, Behr ing Straits. (Hooker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound. (Eothr. Alask.) Port Kennedy, Boo thian ' Peninsula. (Dr. Walker.) Coast to snow line on both sides of Baffin Bay. (J. Taylor.) Greenland. (E. Brown.) (2367.) J. triglumis, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 192. Mountain summits and Arctic coasts. Ungava Bay, Labrador coast. (Barnston.) In mountain woods, along streams on mud at Castle Mountain and Kicking Horse Lake, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Fort George and the South Twin Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Arctic sea-coast ; alpine swamps in the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (R. Brown.) (2368.) J. stygillS, Linn. ; Engelm., Mon. June., 448. Peat bogs, and northward rather rare or seldom collected. Peat bogs at Richibucto and Point Escuminac, Andover and Salmon River, and near St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Dalhousie, N.B. {Fletcher) Peat bog, Salt Lake, An ticosti. (Macoun.) Newfoundland. (Engelmann.) (2369.) J. castaneus, Smith ; Hook., Fl. II., 192. Mountain summits and Arctic shores. Ungava Bay, Labrador coast. (Barnston.) Ellis Bay. Anticosti. (St. Cyr.) Abundant along the Bow River at Castle Mountain, and westward in the river valley and over the summit to Kicking Horse Lake, where it is particularly abundant, 1885. (Macoun.) Lewis River, lat. 61° north of British Columbia. (Dawson.) York Factory, Hudson Bay ; Edmonton on the Saskatchewan, and west to the Rocky Mountains, thence to Bear Lake ; North West coast, from Ounalashka to Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Grows where water has stood in the early part of the season, west side of Cumberland Gulf. (J. Taylor.) Greenland. (R. Brown.) (2370.) J. Vaseyi, Engelm., Mon. June., 488. Wet or damp meadows, chiefly in the prairie region. Meadows at the Pic, Lake Superior, and on Flat "Rock Portage, Lake Nipigon; not CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 591 uncommon on the prairies as far west as Brandon. As this species has a close resemblance to J. tennis, it is probable that it is often passed over for that species. On the Saskatchewan. (Bourgeon.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) (2371.) J. Creenii, Oakes & Tuckerm. Sill. Journ. 45 (1843.) Yery likely rare in all parts of Canada, or may be overlooked as a form of J. tennis. Wet sandy places, Kouchibouguasis, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Wet sand, shore of Hog Lake, North Hastings, Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy shore and crevices of rocks, Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) (2372.) J. tenuis, Willd.; Hook., Fl. II., 191; Pursh, Fl. L, 238. /. Ucornis, Pursh, Fl. I., 236; Michx., Fl. I., 191. Eather common from the Atlantic to the Pacific, usually in boggy pas- tures or along old roads in woods. On Halifax Common, N.S. (Sommers.) Common at Truro, Windsor and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Wet places, Goldenville, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common; Hope- well Cape, and Andover, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Yalcartier and Beau- mont, Q. (St. Cyr.) Hamilton's Farm, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in wet meadows in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Neighborhood of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Niagara Falls, and low grounds at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Wet meadows, Owen Sound; Little Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nipigon ; very abundant throughout the prairie region and northward in the mixed forest country to the Peace River. (Macoun.) Kabinakagami Lake, Ont. ; Oxford House and Nelson River, Keewatin. (E. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn River, Keewatin ; and Souris River, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Eather common in meadows and damp pastures in many parts of Vancouver Island, especially around Victoria. (Macoun.) Pitt River, B.C. (Hill.) Lake Huron to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay to the sources of the Columbia in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. ft. secundus, Engelm., Mon. June., 450. Apparently rare or seldom collected. Bass, and Salmon rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Occasionally met with between Edmonton and Little Slave Lake. Our specimens are from this region. (Macoun) Var. y. congestus, Engelm., Mon. June., 450. Common in numerous meadows, at Oak Bay and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 60 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2373.) J. Cerardi, Lois. Notic. 60, (1810.) (BLACK GRASS.) In salt marshes along the Atlantic coast. Windsor, N.S. (Howe.) Salt marshes at Truro and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Magdalen Islands and Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Salt marshes at Kou- chibouguasis, and St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Beaumont Lake, Q. (St. Our.) Salt marsh at the head of James Bay, Victoria, Yancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (2374.) J. bufonius, Linn.; Hook., PI. II., 190?Pursh, Fl. I., 238. Abundant in suitable localities from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus and Petty Harbor, Newfoundland. (E. Bell.) Boggy places at Annapolis and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Yery common through- out New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant at Salt Lake and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Thunder Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Hamilton's Farm, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D 'Urban.) Low wet places, quite common at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Yery abundant in overflowed spots by brooks and rivers in central Ontario, and around Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) On roadsides at Port Stanley, Lake Erie, and at Port Arthur, on Lake Superior. (Burgess.) Abun- dant on mud by rivers throughout the prairie region and on the Cypress Hills ; also abundant in muddy places on Yancouver Island, at Yictoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni. (Macoun.) Sitka, Alaska. (Meehan.) Throughout Canada to Bear Lake ; North West coast, abundant. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange). Yar. fasciculiflorus, Boiss. ; Engelm. Mon. June., 451. Apparently rare or overlooked. Muddy places at Belleville, Ont., 1870 ; in abundance on King's Farm, Cedar Hill, near Yictoria, Yan- couver Island, 1887. Easily distinguished from the species by the flowers gathered in fascicles instead of being single on the branches as in the species. (2375.) J. falcatus, E. Meyer. Synops. Luzul. 34. /. Menziem, K. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II. , 192. Yery abundant on the grassy margins of lakes ; amongst gravel in many parts of Yancouver Island. Shawnigan Lake ; various places at Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni ; also at Home and Cameron lakes. (Macoun.) Nimpkish Lake, north end of Yancouver Island. (Dawson.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (JRothr. Alask.) North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) .(2376.) J. longistylis, Torrey, Bot. Mex. Bound., 323. /. Menziem, Gray, PL, Hall & Harb., 77. Abundant on many parts of the prairie region. Bather com- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 61 mon at Windsor on the Detroit River, 1885. (Macoun.') First Branch of Milk Eiver, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) Maple Creek, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Frequent in damp grassy thickets from Winnipeg to Edmonton and south to the Cypress Hills and Calgary, from thence up the Bow Eiver to Laggan, in the centre of the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) (2377.) J. marginatus, Rostk. var. paucicapitatus, Engelm.,. Mon. June., 455. The only locality for this species known to us is Elliott's Falls, Gull River, Victoria Co., Ont., 1868. (Macoun.} Engelmann in " Normal Herbarium" credits his No. 34 to Canada West, on the authority of Bigelow. (2378.) J. pelocarpus, E. Meyer. Synops. Luzul. 30. /. Conradi, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 482. /. acutijlorus, Hook., Fl. II., 190. In wet sand along rivers or lakes, apparently rare. From New- foundland westward to Lake Superior. (Engelmann.) Bocabec, and Quaco, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) On the bank of the Ottawa, above Britannia, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) On the shores of lakes and small streams in North Hastings and Addington Go's., Ont. (Macoun.) Wet gravelly shore, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co, Ont. (Burgess.) Var. y (?) subtilis, Engelm., Mon. June., 456. J.fluitans, Michx., Fl. I., 191. /. uliginosus, j3. subtilis, Hook., Fl. II., 191. Chicoutimi, about 100 miles north of Quebec. (Michaux.) The above locality was given to Dr. Engelman by Prof. Ovide Brunet, of Laval University, Quebec. Both are now dead. (2379.) J. articulatus, Linn.; Engelm., Mon. June., 458. Engelmann states that this species, as far as he is aware, is confined to the New England States, and that the next species takes its place to the northward and westward. Wet ditch at Windsor, N.S., and at North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Hampton, Petit- codiac, Baie Verte, and Clifton, N.B., (Fowler, Cat) Fox River,. Gasp£ coast. (Macoun.) t>£ GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2380.) J. alpinus, Villars., var. insignis, Fries. /. Richardsonianus Roem. & Sohult. ; Hook. Fl. II., 191. /. acutiflorus, Hook., Fl. II., 190. /. pelocarpus, Gray, Man. Ed. 1., 507, in part. J. articulatus, var. pelocarpus, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 482, in part. /. uliginosus, var. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 191. Very abundant by lake and river margins, in sand or gravel. Very often in the water, and sometimes floating or reclining or rooting in the mud.' On sand, Liscomb .River, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. (J. Richardson.} Truro, N.S. ; South West Point, Salt Lake, and Jupiter River, Anticosti ; River Ste. Anne des Monts, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun } Island of Orleans. (St. Oyr.} Abundant on sandy banks of the River Rouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.} Muddy or gravelly places along the Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Ditches and boggy places, at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Common in wet sandy places along the Great Lakes and throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.} Wet gravelly shore, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay ; at Southampton, Ont. ; Point aux Pins, Lake Brie. (Burgess.} Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.} Very abundant along all the^ water courses and fresh water lakes in the prairie region, and extending north to the Peace River and Athabasca; specimens from Thunder Creek, Cypress Hills, Bow River at Calgary ; Kananaskis, Castle Mountain and Kicking Horse Lake, in the Rocky Mountains ; abundant on the borders of Home, Cameron and Shawnigan lakes, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Wooded country to the Mackenzie River; Arctic sea-coast, and from Slave Lake to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.} Two remarkable forms of this species have been gathered on Vancouver Island. A form floating on mud in a small lake at the Wellington Mine, Departure Bay, exactly matches specimens received from the British Museum without a name, gathered by Barclay at Port Etches, Alaska. The other is a tall, less compact form than the species, with longer scales, and in most cases two or more viviparous flowers in the heads. The latter was collected at Home Lake, July 27, 1887. (2381.) J. militaris, Bigelow, Fl. Bost. Ed. II. 139, (1824.) Apparently very rare in the Maritime Provinces. Wet places, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.} Near St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom} (2382.) J. acuminatus, Michx., var. a. legitimus, Engelm., Mon. June., 463. /. acuminatus, Michx., Fl. I., 192. J. paradoxus, E. Meyer. ; Gray, Man. Ed. II., 481. J.fraternus, Kunth. Enum. III., 332. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 63 We have no authentic specimens of this species except from the shores of Lake Erie, at Pelee Point, and from Essex Centre, on the Canada Southern Kailway, 1882. (Macoun) (2383.) J. nodosus, var. a. genuirtUS, Engelm.,Mon. June., 471. /. nodosus, Linn ; Gray, Man. Ed. II., 482 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1898. /. polycephalus, var. p. tenuifolius, Hook., Fl. II., 190. /. JKostkovii, La Harpe, Mon. June., 133. J. echinatus, Muhl. Rich., App. p. 11. Quite common in many localities, ranging from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Wet sandy bottom, at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.') Restigouche, Campbellton, Andover, Salmon Elver, Green River and Upper St. John, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.} Salt Lake, Anticosti, and at Fox River, Gaspd coast. (Macoun.) St. Charles River, Q. (St. Gyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Border of Salmon River, near Shannonville, Hastings Co., Ont. ; in small brooks, Victoria Co., and at Owen Sound, Ont. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Wet river flat, London, and at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Shores of Thunder Bay, Lake Superior, and on the shore of Lake Nipigon, at Humboldt Bay. (Macoun.) Elk Island, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Rather common in the bed of the Saskatchewan and its branches ; not detected in the Rocky Mountains, and only sparingly at Donald, in the Columbia Valley. (Macoun.) Along the Thompson River, at Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Fletcher) Canada to Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) The tall form mentioned by Dr. Gray (Manual 542) as occurring on the islands above Niagara Falls, has been gathered at Point aux Pins, Lake Erie, by Dr. Burgess. Var. megacephalus, Torr., Bot. N. York II., 326. /. megacephalus, Wood, Bot, 724. Low rich soil or lake margins. Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. (Burgess. Macoun.) Burlington Marsh, near Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Abundant in many places in low wet situations throughout Manitoba, extending west to the File Hills and Elbow of the South Saskatchewan. (Macoun) Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) (2384.) J. Canadensis, J. Gay, var. a, coarctatus, Engelm., Mon. June., 473. /. Canadensis, fi, J. Gay, La Harpe Mon., 134. /. accuminatus, Torr. Bot., N. York, II., 327. /. acutiflorus, p, minor, Hook., Fl. II., 190. (?) - Low grounds, especially along lake margins ; not uncommon. Bed- 64 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ford and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Eiver bottom, Whycocomaghr and North Sydney, Cape Breton ; border of a lakelet, Canso, N.S. (Macoun.) Eather common in Kent Co.; Bocabec and Chipman, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Borders of various lakes in Hastings, Addington, and Victoria Go's., Ont. (Macoun.) Low sandy places, Port Cock- burn, Muskoka Co. ; also in ditches at Leamington, Ont. (Burgess.) Point Edward, Lake St. Clair, Ont. ; Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.} Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Var. #. longecaudatUS, Bngelm., Mon. June., 474. /. paradoxus, Gray, Man. Ed. II, 483. J. polycephalus, p, paradoxus, Torr. Bot., N. York, II., 327. Easily separated from the preceding variety, as it is much taller and has many flowered heads. Common in Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont., and Point Edward, Lake%Huron. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Sault Ste. Marie. (Burgess.) (2385.) J. Mertensianus, Bong. Veg. Sitcha, (1833.) /. ensifolius, var. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 191, in part. Wet places along mountain brooks. Camp Akamina, Eocky Moun- tains, 6,000 feet alt, South Kootanie Pass, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) On the summit of Copper and Castle mountains, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Alpine swamps of the Eocky Mountains, north of the Smoky Eiver; Sitka to Ounalashka. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. /?, paniculatus, Engelm., Mon. June., 479. Collected in the .Eocky Mountains along the Bow Eiver, by Bour- geau. (Engelmann.) (2386.) J. xiphoides, E. Meyer, Var. y. montanus, Engelm., Mon. June., 481. /. ensifolius, var. major, Hook., Fl. II., 191. Not uncommon in the Eocky Mountains. South Fork of Belly Eiver, 49th parallel ; Flathead Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) In brooks in the Cypress Hills, and westward along the Bow Eiver throughout the Eocky Mountains, and northward along the North Saskatchewan, at Fort Pitt and Edmonton ; also along Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 65 Var. a. littoralis, Engelm., Mon. June., 481. Abundant along the Soraas River, at Alberni, and in marshes cover- ed by high tide at the mouth of that river, on the west coast of Van- couver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. 6. macranthus, Engelm., Mon. June., 482. J. polycephalus, var. crassifolius, Hook., Fl. II., 190, in part. Ounalashka, North West coast, and Cascade Mountains. (Engelmann.) Common in ditches and by the margins of brooks, rivers and lakes, near Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Nimpkish Lake, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) Fort Wran- gel, Alaska. (Meehan.) North West coast; frequent. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. £. triandrus. Engelm. Mon. June., 482. /. ensifolius, var. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 190, in part. From Ounalashka to the Cascade Mountains. (Fngelmann.) Abun- dant on the margins of lakes and by streams, on Vancouver Island, Langford Lake, Home Lake, and Barclay Sound. (Macoun,) Sitka to Ounalashka. (Hooker, FL) (2387.) J. Nevadensis, Watson, Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 303. J. phseocephalus, var. gracilis, Engelm., Mon. June., 484. Ladner's Landing, and New Westminister, along the Fraser River, B.C., 1883. (Fletcher.) Abundant in marshes at the head of Barclay Sound, and along Chinaman Creek and Somas River that flow into it, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2388.) J. supiniformis, Engelm., Mon. June., 461. Stems generally floating in water and often rooting at the nodes. Where the water recedes the plants grow upright and the heads are larger. Small ponds at the mouth of the Somas River, and along Sproat Lake, six miles from Alberni, west side of Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 638. LUZULA, DC. (WOOD-RUSH.) (2389.) L. spadicea, DC., var. parviflora, Meyer, Linnaea, XXII., 399. L. melanocarpa, var. /?, Hook., Fl. II., 188. L. spadicea, Macoun, Cat. No. 1879. This form is abundant in favourable places from the Atlantic to the 5 66 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Pacific, but is always found in cool situations. Cumberland Islands, Arctic coast. (Parry.} Newfoundland. (Cormack.) Nam, coast of Labrador. (E. Bell.) Upper Gaspereau, Queen's Co., N.B. (Wetmore.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Mount Albert, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Thunder River, Q. (St. Cyr.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J.M. Macoun.) Common along the north shore of Lake Superior and west- ward to Eainy Lake, and the Lake of the Woods ; abundant in the Rocky Mountains, from Canmore west to Hector; common along small streams in the mountainous parts of Yancouverlsland. (Macoun.) Goose Creek [Mountains, 5,800 feet alt., Cariboo, B.C. (Bowman.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay.) Sitka, Ounalashka. and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr.- Alask.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) North West America, from the Columbia to Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. melanocarpa, E. Meyer. L. parviflora, var. melanocarpa, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 536. Juncus melanocarpus, Michx., Fl, I., 190 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 238. This form is easily distinguished from the preceding by its dark brown capsules, and the more contracted habit of the inflorescence. Labrador. (Dr. Morrison.) St. John, N.B. (Millman.) Shore of Lake Superior, at the Pic, and along Current Elver, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) ObaLake, Ont. ; Hayes River, and west coast of Hudson Bay. (R. Bell) On the higher Rocky Mountains, in the Bow River Pass, and north- ward to the Peace River Pass, lat. 56°, and west to Fort McLeod, lat. 55°, B.C. (Macoun.) Camp Akamina, 49th parallel, South Kootanie Pass, and western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Rocky Moun- tains ^ Klootch-oot-a Lake, B.C.; Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°, and hills north of Finlayson Lake, lat. 61° 40". (Dawson.) Kotzebue Sound- (Beechy.) Throughout the wooded country to the prairies of the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. subcongesta, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 202. Not uncommon in the mountains near lat. 49°. Western summit of North Kootanie Pass, and in the South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) A form, between this and var. parviflora has been gathered at Golden City, in the Columbia Valley. The capsules and sepals are very light colored, and approach the west coast form of the above variety. (Macoun.) (2390.) L. divaricata, Watson, Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 302. Abundant in deep shade along the mountain brooks at Goldstream, Vancouver Island, and probably common, though overlooked. (Macoun.} CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 6*7 Vicinity of Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.} This species seems to have very light-colored capsules and sepals, and has a very different cyme from var. parviflora, which is well described by the name. (2391.) L. pilosa, Willd.; Hook., Fl. II., 188. Not uncommon in rich, and sandy woods throughout Ontario, but more sparingly distributed eastward. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.} Common in old fields, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Gomin- woods, near Quebec. (St. Cyr.} Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.} Thicket a mile west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.') Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.} Thickets at Kingston and London, Ont. (Millman.} Sandy woodland near London, Ont. (Burgess.} Open woods at Sudbury Junction, and at North Bay, Lake Nipissing; not uncom- mon in woods at Belleville and numerous places in the adjoining coun- ties ; woods at Nipigon, Lake Superior, and on top of a clay bank twenty-five miles up the Kaministiqua Eiver, (Macoun.} Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.} (2392.) L. campestris, Desv., var. a. vulgaris. Hook., Fl. II., 188. Juncus campestris, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 238. Bather common in dry meadows, or open woods. . Newfoundland. (Cormack.} New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Eev. A. Waghorne.} Hali- fax, N.S. (Sommers.} Magdalen Islands, N.S. (J. Richardson.} Truro, Yarmouth, and Kingston, N.S. (Macoun.} Dry fields ; common, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.} South side of Gaspc* Basin, Q. (J. Bell.} Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Thicket a mile west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Dry woods and meadows at Belleville, and Shannonville, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy woodland, London, Ont. (Burgess.} Thickets at Kingston ,and Lon- don, Ont. (Millman.} This variety has dense brown heads and is quite distinct in color from the next, which has pale heads of fruit and flowers. Var. /3. pallescens, Hook., Fl. II., 188. Quite common in meadows at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.} Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatchewan, and from the Lake of the Woods to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.} Greenland. (Lange.} Var. y. comosa, Hook., Fl. II., 188. Flowers in a dense solitary brown head. Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.} The forms of this and the following species require careful examina- tion and comparison with European species, and indeed the whole genus is much in need of a complete revision. 68 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2393.) L. comosa, E. Meyer. Linnsea. XXII., 413. Like the preceding species this is subject to many varieties, and being seldom collected its range can scarcely be made out. Not un- common in old fields and by roadsides at Victoria, and near the sum- mit of Mount Arrowsniith, alt. 5,200 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Nootka Sound, and Port Mulgrave ; from the Eocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. macrantha, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 203. ' As we understand this variety, its sepals are long with a dark brown centre, the end and sides being scarious and white. Abundant at Victoria, Cedar Hill, Nanaimo, and Chase Eiver, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Coast of Vancouver Island. (Cowley.) Var. subsessilis, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 203. Much like the preceding, but the heads few or solitary, and almost sessile, approaching the next but easily distinguished by the scarious, brownish bracts. Abundant under oaks at Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Var. congesta, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 203. L. campestris, var. congesta, Meyer, (as regards America.) Very abundant everywhere along the coast of Vancouver Island, but particularly at Nanaimo ; Fort McLeod, B.C., lat. 55°. (Macoun.) ArOund Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) (2394.) L. spicata, Desv. ; Hook., Fl. II., 188. High mountains and far northward. TJngava Bay, Labrador. (Barn- ston.) Ford's Harbor, coast of Labrador ; Stupart's Bay, Cape Prince of Wales, and Nottingham Island, off Cape Wolstenholme, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.} Kotzebue Sound. (Beechy.) Labrador, and Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) On the summits of the higher Eocky Mountains, at Castle Mt.. and Kicking Horse Lake, Bow Eiver valley. (Macoun.) Island of St. Lawrence, and Kotzebue Sound. (RotTir. Alask.) Greenland. (Hooker, Arct. PL) A large form found growing in abundance on Mount Arrrowsmith, Vancouver Island, at an altitude of 5,200 feet, is referred to this species by Dr. Britton, of Columbia College. Many specimens are almost a foot high, and have a spike from an inch to an inch and a half long. The lowest spikelet is rather remote, and usually has a bract longer than the whole spike. Scales very long and ciliate. (Macoun.) (2395.) L. hyperborea, E. Br., var. a. major, Hook., Fl. II., 188. Apparently confined to the northern coasts and islands. Cumberland CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 69 Islands, Arctic coast. (Parry.) Nottingham Island, off Cape Wol- stenholme, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.} Between Fort Churchill and Repulse Bay, and thence to Cape Lady Felly. (Dr. Mae.) Point Barrow, Arctic sea. (John Murdoch.) Arctic sea-coasts and islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Yar. /?. minor, Hook., PI. II., 189. Most elevated of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Lange, in the Botany of Greenland, refers this variety to L. arctica, Blytt. The whole genus seems in great confusion and needs complete revision. (2396.) L. arcuata, Hook., Fl. II., 189. On high mountains and northward. Cumberland Islands, Arctic coast. (Parry.) Ungava Bay, Labrador. (Barnston.) Nachvak, coast of Labrador; Cape .Chudleigh, and Nottingham Island, off Cape Wol- stenholme, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) Kotzebue Sound. (Beechy.) Lancaster Sound, and Port Kennedy. (Dr. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) CXI. TYPHACE^E. CAT-TAIL FAMILY. 639. TYPHA, Linn. Gen. 1040. (CAT-TAIL FLAG.) (2397.) T. latifolia, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 170. Common in marshes and ponds from the Atlantic to the Pacific. We are not aware of any difference of form between the specimens collected in the Atlantic provinces and those collected on Vancouver Island. Throughout Canada to Fort Franklin. (Hooker, Fl.) (2298.) T. angustifolia, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 480. Apparently rare in Canada, but possibly overlooked. Beaver Bank, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Windsor, KS. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marsh near the railway, two miles south of Madoc, Hastings Co., Ont. (Ami.) Referred to Newfoundland by Reeks, but of doubtful occur ence. 640. SPARGANIUM, Linn. Gen. 1041. (BUR-REED.) (2399.) S. eurycarpum, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481. S. ramosum, Huds. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 169, in part. Not uncommon but seldom collected. Chiefly along the margins of 70 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ponds and lakes. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Halifax, Pictou, and Oyster Ponds, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Kentville, and Cape Blomidon, N.S. (Macoun.) Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Com- mon at St. Louis Dam and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in marshes near Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Common in the Bay of Quinte and in the still waters of the Trent River, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Marshes, Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Ont., and in the Lake of the Woods.. (Burgess.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (R. Sell.) In water at London, andNewboro, Ont. (Miltman.) Ponds, Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) (2400.) S. androcladum, Morong. (MS.) S. ramosum, Smith, ; Pursh, FL II., 33 ; Hook., Fl. II., 169, in part S. simplex, var. androcladum, Engelm. Gray, Man. Ed. V.,481 ; Macoun Cat. No. 1722, var. androcladum. ."References made to S. eurycarpum, no doubt, in some cases belong here, but except as regards our own specimens we have no means of determining. Indian Cove, Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lachine Wood, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Common in the Nation Eiver at Casselrnan, near Ottawa; in the Bay of Quinte, and not infrequent on the margins of ponds and lakelets in central Ontario. (Macoun.) At London, Ont. ; and in Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Not uncommon in marshes near Cedar Hill, and at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Yar. fluctuans, Morong. (MS.) S. simplex, var. fluitans, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481 The branched infloresence includes this form with S. androcladum. Marshes, Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Severn Kiver, Keewatin. (J! M. Macoun.) (2401.) S. Simplex, Huds. ; Pursh, PL I., 34; Hook., PL II., 169. S. simplex, Huds., var. Nuttallii, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481. Under one form or another this species extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) Labrador. (Butler.) Windsor, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou Co., and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) Smith's Mills, near Truro, N.S. (Campbell.) Marshy brook at Windsor, N.S, ; Black Creek, near Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Salt Lake, Anti- costi, and in Fox Eiver, Gaspe", Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechow, Q. (St. Cyr.) In wet places and borders of lakes, Bass Eiver, and Welsford ; St. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 71 John Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Meadows near Gregory's, Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.} Durham, Q. (McGill Coll Herb.} Vicinity of Ottawa ; common. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Muddy Creek, near Huckle- berry Rapids, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.} Conway's Creek and other places ; common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Mud, in the bed of small streams and along lakes and ponds in central Ontario. (Macoun } In water, London, and Hatch ley, Ont. (Burgess.) Abun- dant in the mouths of the Kaministiqua River, and in marshes, Nipi- gon Bay, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. ; and Nelson River, Keewatin. ( R. Bell} Thunder Creek, at the Elbow of South Saskatchewan, Assiniboia; abundant in marhsy places, along lakes and ponds throughout Vancouver Island, from Victoria to Qualicum, on the east coast ; and in the Somas and Stamp rivers at Alberni, on the west side of the island. (Macoun.} Ilgacho Brook, B.C. (Dawson.) Throughout Canada to Fort Franklin; abundant. (Hooker, Fl.) (2402.) S. affine, Schnitzlein. S. natans, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. II., 34 ; Hook, Fl. II., 169. S. simplex, Huds., var. angustifolium, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481. This species is doubtless overlooked in many sections of the country, as it does not seem to be rare ; when looked for it can easily be distin- guished by its narrow floating leaves. Newfoundland. (Reeks.} North Sydney, Cape Breton, (Macoun.} Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou, Co., N.S. (McCulloch.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Fari- bault.) Salmon River ; Kennebeccasis and Bass rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) In marshes, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; mouth of the Restigouche River, and Grand Valle'e, Gaspe, Q. ; muddy border of Partridge Lake, Addington Co., Ont. ; abundant in the still waters of the Trent, Sey- mour, Northumberland Co., Ont., and in the middle channel at the mouth of the Kaministiqua, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) LakeMistassini,N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Lake of the Woods. (Damson.) Kotzebue Sound, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Alpine lakes of the Rocky Mountains ; rare, (Hooker, FL) (2403.) S. hyperboreum, Laest., var. Americanum, Beeby. Apparently a northern species, and evidently not rare in suitable localities. Labrador. (Butler.) In a ditch near Louisburg, Cape Breton Island ; in a marsh at Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) (2404.) S. minimum, Fries. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 432. This and S. hyperboreum have hitherto been confounded in our collec- 72 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. tions, but are now separated. Campbellton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Not rare in swamps near. Belleville, Hastings Co., and in the mud of small ponds in Seymour, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; Bed Deer Lake, at the head of Lake Winnipegoosis, and in marshes along the Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; not rare in pools, growing on mud, Columbia Valley at Donald, and westward up Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains- (Macoun.) CXII. AKOIDE.E. ARUM FAMILY. 641. ARIS/EMA, Martius, (INDIAN TURNIP.) (2405.) A. triphyllum, Torr., Bot. N. York, II., 239. Arum triphyllum, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 168 ; Pursh. Fl. II., 399. A. atrorubens, Ait. Kew. III., 315. Eich low woods, rather common. Hantsport, Pictou, Middletown, and Truro, N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Truro, and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Common; Bass Eiver, Woodstock ; St. John and King's Go's., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Bathurst, KB. (Me Gill Coll. Herb.) Papineau Wood, near Montreal, 1821. .(Dr. Holmes.) Montreal Mountains. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Common in low rich woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.). McKay's woods, Dow's swamp, and other localities near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common in all low rich woods throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Common around Hamilton, Ont. (Logie) Vicinity of London, Ont. ; low rich woods Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (R. Bell.) (2406.) A. Dracontium, Schott. Melet. I., 17. Arum Dracontium, Willd.; Pursh, Fl. II., 400; Michx., Fl. II., 188. Apparently confined to a small area in south-western Ontario. Low rich river flats, London, Ont. (Burgess.) 642 PELTANDRA, Rafln. (ARROW ARUM.) (240*7.) P. Virginica, Eaf. Journ. de Phys., 89, page 103. Arum Virginicum, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. II., 399. Calla Virqinica, Michx., Fl. II., 187. Apparently rare in Ontario. Very abundant in a marsh about a mile beyond " the Ferry," Prince Edward Co., near Belleville, Oat. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 73 643. CALLA, Linn. (WATER ARUM) (2408.) C. palustris, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 169 ; Pursh, Fl.II.,399. Bather common in marshes and spring brooks. Windsor, and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Straits of Canso, G-uysboro Co., N.S. (Macoun.) In cold muddy places ; Grand Falls, St. Francis River, and Quispamsis, Andover, Chipman, Clifton, Fredericton, and Bathurst road, north of Miramichi, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Common at Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.'} Dow's swamp and other localities near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Ft. Ott.) Very common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.') Marshes and ponds, rather common in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Lake Medad, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) In shallow water at London, Ont. ; Lake Island, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont., and Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) London and Newboro, Ont. (Millman.) Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior. (E. Bell.) Current River, Lake Superior, and in Lake Hannah, Nipigon River; also in marshes at the base of the Porcupine Mountain, Man. (Macoun.) Winnipeg, and North-west Angle Road. (Dawson.) Rupert River, N.E.T. ; Lake Winnipeg and up Beren's River and down the Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. (JR. Bell.) Canada to the Saskatchewan and Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.') 644. LYSICHITUM, Schott. (WESTERN SKUNK CABBAGE) (2409.) L. Kamtschatcense, Schott., Prodr. Aroid., 421. Arctiodracon Camtschaticum, Gray, Smithson. Contrib. (N Series) IX. 409; Symplocarpus Kamtschaticus, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. II., 169. Yery abundant in Beaver Creek valley, from the Columbia to Bear Creek in tbe Selkirk Mountains ; also abundant at Revelstoke, on the Columbia, and in the low rich woods below Yale, in the Fraser Yalley ; very common in wet places in many parts of Yancouver Island. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Yictoria, Yancouver Island. (Fletcher.) North West America. Sitka, (Hooker, Fl.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) 645. SYMPLOCARPUS, Salisb. (SKUNK CABBAGE.) (2410.) S. foetidus, Salisb.; Hook., Fl. II., 169. Pothos fcetidus, Pursh, Fl. II., 398; Michx., Fl. II., 186. Rather local but abundant where it grows. Swamps, or along 74 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the base of hills where springs abound. Abundant near the light- house, Cape Forteau, Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess) Lake Utopia, Milkish, King's Co. ; Nigadoo Biver, Gloucester Co. ; near the Episcopal Church, Hammond Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Common at Quebec. (Thomas.) Vicinity of Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) In a swamp near Perth, Lanark Co., Ont. (R. B. Whyte) In a deep dell two miles north of Warkworth, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; abun- dant around St. Thomas, and Port Stanley, Ont. j very common on Michipicotin Island, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Oaklands, near Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logie.) Low grounds, London, Ont. (Burgess, Millman.) Yicinity of Toronto. (Burgess.) 646. ACORUS, Linn. (SWEET! FLAG) (2411.) A. Calamus, Linn. ; Hook., PL II., 167; Pursh, PL I., 235. Abundant in marshes by rivers and lakes. Pennant Harbor, Hali- fax Co., N.S. (Sommers.) Abundant in a marsh at Truro and near Yarmouth, JNT.S. (Macoun.) Common on the borders of lakes and ponds, Kouchibouguac, Kennebeccasis, and Hopewell, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Shallow lake, Fraserville, Q. (Thomas.) Sandy banks of the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Abundant in marshes around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Margin of St. Lawrence Eiver, and small streams near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Common in marshes of the Bay of Quinte, and on the shores of Lake Ontario and all still waters inland, north of the lake. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, (Buchan) Chatham, Ont. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Swamps at Kingston, Ont. (Burgess, Mtllman) Point Pelee marshes, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Sydenham Eiver, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Oba Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell.) Lake of the Woods. (Dawson, Burgess.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) CXIII. LEMNACE^. DUCKWEED FAMILY. 647. LEMNA, Linn. (DUCKWEED) (2412.) L. trisulca, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 169; Pursh, Fl. I., 22. Abundant in many ponds from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Ponds Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Petitcodiac, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) Abun- dant around Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Conway's Creek and other places near Prescott Ont. ; common. (Billings.) Yery abundant in CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 75 all still waters throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.*) Common in marshes at Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Marshes at Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Small lakes, Red Elver prairie and Lake of the Woods, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) Ponds, Souris Plains, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) In ponds throughout the prairie region, on the Cypress Hills and north to Peace River and Little Slave Lake ; common in ponds and quiet rivers at Cedar Hill, Nanaimo, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada to lat. 58°. (Hooker, FL) (2413.) L. minor, Linn. ; Hook., PI. II., 169.; Pursh, PL I., 22. Frequent in ponds from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.} In ponds at Truro, and in ditches at Pictour aST.S. (Macoun.) Petitcodiac, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Conway's Creek and other places near Prescott, Ont. ; common. (Billings.) Very common in ditches and shallow pools throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Marshes near Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Common in the Lake of the Woods and in small ponds on the Red River prairie. (Dawson.) Abundant in pools throughout the whole prairie region, extending northward to the Athabasca and Peace rivers, and westward to Quesnel, on the Fraser River, and throughout Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada to lat. 58°. (Hooker, Fl.) (2414.) L. polyrrhiza, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 169; Pursh, Fl. I., 22. Spirodela polyrrhiza, Schleid. ; Coult. Eocky Mount. Flora, 360. Scarcely so common as the other, but just as widely distributed. In still water near Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Sussex, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.*) Common around Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.*) Com- mon in still water around Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Conway's Creek and other localities near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) In ponds, Gananoque, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) Marshes and ponds everywhere throughout central Ontario, especially in the still waters of the River Trent, and Rice Lake. (Macoun.) Marshes at Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Pelee Point, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Stagnant pools near London,. Ont. (Burgess, Millman.) Occasionally in pools and still waters west of Porcupine Mountain, Man., and westward to Little Slave Lake; rather rare on Vancouver Island, but not uncommon at Alberni, on the west coast. (Macoun.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) 76 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 648. WOLFFIA, Horkel. (WOLFFIA) (2415.) W. Columbians, Kareten.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 420. Abundant in marshes of the Bay of Quinte, near Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) In the marsh at the head of Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) (2416.) W. Brasiliensis, Weddell,; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 480. Growing with the preceding and Lemna minor, in the " Big Marsh" one mile beyond "the Ferry," Prince Edward Co. ; near Belleville, on the Bay of Quinte, Ont. (Macoun.) In the marsh at the head of Bur- lington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Specimens of this genus are distinguished from any form of Lemna by the absence of roots. Hitherto they have been rarely detected, but it is less from their absence than from their small size. CXIV. ALISMACE^E. WATER-PLANTAIN FAMILY. 649. ALISMA, Linn. Gen. 460. (WATER-PLANTAIN) -(24117.) A* PiantagO, Linn., Yar. Americanum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 492. A. Plantago, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. L, 218 ; Hook., Fl. II., 168. A. natans, Pursh, Fl. L, 253 ; Hook., Fl. II., 168- A. trivialis, Pursh, Fl. L, 252. Eather common in ditches and borders of streams from the Atlantic to the Pacific. It varies greatly in the form of its leaves, but the varieties are not recognized. Windsor, Grand Lake. Halifax, Pictou, and Truro, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Common in wet places, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant throughout Quebec and Ontario, and extend- ing westward to British Columbia. On the prairie region its leaves often become linear, and float on the surface of the still brooks south of Battleford. We have doubtfully referred the A. natans, Pursh, to this species, as from the meagre description it seems to belong here. It was gathered in "stagnant waters of the St. Lawrence" by Pursh himself. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 650. SAGITTARIA, Linn. Gen. 1067. (ARROW-HEAD) (2418.) S. variabilis, EDgelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Ed. V., 493. S. sagittifolia, Pursh, Fl. II., 395 ; Hook., Fl. II, 167. Under its various forms this species extends across the continent though it is apparently quite rare, if present at all, in British Columbia. It seems to be common in all the eastern provinces, but has not been separated into varieties, and hence no special reference can be made to them. Our specimens show the following varieties: — Yar. obtusa, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 493. S. obtusa, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. II., 396. Leaves large and obtuse, flowers dioecious. Abundant "in water in the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun) Oba Lake, Ont. (R. Bell} Vicinity of Ottawa, Ont. (Ami.) Var. latifolia, Eogelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 493. S. latifolia, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. II., 396. S. sagittifolia, var. macrophylla, Hook., Fl. II., 167. S. sagittifolia, Michx.. Fl. II., 189. Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) In lakes and rivers, not uncom- mon, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun) North-west coast, where it is called "Wapatoo," and where the roots are eaten by the Chinooks, (Hooker, Fl.) Var. hastata, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 493. S. sagittifolia, var. 3, angustifolia, Hook. Fl. II., 167, in part. S. hastata, Pursh, FL II., 396. This variety includes all the larger forms with acute and sagittate leaves, and may be called the common variety throughout the country. There are three forms of it well represented in our herbarium. (a.) Has large very elongated leaves, with very acute and divaricate lobes, flowers dioecious. Nation Eiver, at Casselman, near Ottawa, and in Brigham's Creek, near Hull, Q. (Macoun) London, Ont. (Burgess) River St. Charles, Q. (St. Cyr.) (b.) This form is easily distinguished from (a), by its much smaller and shorter leaves, abruptly acute or almost obtuse point, and short very acute. less divaricate lobes. Muskeg Island, Lake Winni- peg. (J. M. Macoun) In small streams, near the Hand Hills, Alberta, (Macoun.) South Antler Creek, Assiniboia. (Burgess) 78 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (c.) This is a shallow water form with small hastate leaves, scarcely divergent, and very short lobes and always monoecious flowers. Grand Yalle'e, Gaspd, Q. ; Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, Ont.; mouth of the Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell") Yar. diversifolia, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 393. Some leaves of this form are lanceolate and others are sagittate. Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Ponds in the Eagle Hills, near Battleford, N.W.T. (Macoun .) Yar. angustifolia, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 393. The very long, narrow and divergent lobes of the narrow leaves characterize this form* Marshes near Cape Blomidon, N.S. ; Nation Eiver, at Casselman, near Ottawa, and in the Bay of Quinte, at Belle- ville, Ont. (Macoun.) In shallow water at Port Dover, Ont. (Millman.) London, and Port Cockburn, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Yar. gracilis, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 393. S. sagittifolia, var. angustifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 167, in part. S. gracilis, Pursh, Fl. II., 396. Eiver St. Pierre, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.') Eiver St.. Charles, Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Ponds in the Eagle Hills, near Battle- ford, N.W.T. (Macoun.) Yar. pubescens, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 393. Leaves pubescent as well as the upper part of the petiole and scape. Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) (2419.) S. calycina, Engelm. Yar. spongiosa, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 393. Near the head of the tide in Eichibucto Eiver and at Eothesay ; also Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) (2420.) S. heterophylla, Pursh, Fl. II., 396. S. sagittifolia, var. 3, angustifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 167, in part. Apparently rare eastward but not uncommon in waters bordering on the St. Lawrence and Great Lakes. Abundant in numerous places around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Not uncommon in the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, and at Weller's Bay, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. • 79 Var. rigida, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 394. 8. rigida, Pursh, Fl. II., 397; Hook., Fl. II., 397. Apparently the deep water form of the Great Lakes. West Lake and Consecon Lake, Prince Edward Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Wet sandy shore at Belleville, Ont. (Burgess.) (2421.) S. graminea, Michx., Fl. II., 190; Pursh, Fl. II., 397. S. sagittifolia, var. 4, simplex, Hook., Fl. II., 167, in part. This seems to be a northern and eastern species. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) Small lake near North Sydney, Cape Breton Island. (Macoun.) In water at Rothesay, and in a small lake near Eichibucto; Grand Lake, and Upper St. John, and Clifton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Wet sandy shore of Lake Joseph, Port Cockburn, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) 651. ECHINODORUS, Richard. (2422.) E. parvulus, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 492. E. subulatus, Engelm. (?) Agassiz, Lake Superior, 176. North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) We know nothing of this species and enter it on the authority of Agassiz. 652. DAMASONIUM, Juss. Gen. 46. (2423.) D. Californicum, Torrey, Pacif. K. Eep. IV., 142. This species, or the one taken for it was growing in abundance in Somas Eiver, at the head of the Alberni Canal, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. The large white flowers were especially attractive and caused me to stop in midstream and pull in shore to gather the plant. Owing to the great heat of the day these became so shrivelled in a short time as to be worthless for specimens, and were thrown away. Only one immature specimen was brought away, August 13th, 1887. (Macoun.) CXY. NAIADACE^. POND-WEED FAMILY. 653. TRICLOCHIN, Linn. Gen. 453. (ARROW-GRASS.) (2424.) T. palustre, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 168; Pursh, Fl. II., 247. Not uncommon in wet sand along lakes and by ponds. Labrador. 80 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Dr. Morrison.} Bather rare at Belled ime, Carleton, Andover and Tobique JRiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Marshes, Quebec. (Pringle.) Cacouna, St. Lawrence River. (Burgess.} Border of a marsh, Salt Lake, Anticosti; salt marsh, Cape Hosier, Gaspe*, Q. ; margin of the marshes around Presqu'ile Point, and Wellington Beach, Lake Ontario ; quite common on the borders of brackish ponds, throughout the prairie region and northward to Battleford, Edmonton, and Little Slave Lake. (Macoun.} Charlton Island, James Bay, and Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.} Griswold, Man. (Burman.) Marshes between Carle- ton House, and -Fort Edmonton, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Ounalashka and Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) Abundant in swamps and springy places from Morley westward to Hector, in the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.} (2425.) T. maritimum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 168; Michx., Fl. I., 208 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 247. Common in sea marshes on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and in the saline marshes of the prairie region. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. C. Waghorne.} Labrador. (Dr. Morrison.} Windsor, Halifax and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.} Salt marsh at Truro, N.S., and North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.} Common in salt marshes along the coast ; also at Carleton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Salt Lake, Anticosti, and marshes along the Gaspe coast from Cape Rosier to Metis, Q. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands, St. Lawrence River. (St. Cyr.} Common all around James Bay. (J". M. Macoun.) York Factory and Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.} Salt marshes, Red Deer River, at the head of Lake Winnipegoosis ; also at the source of the Qu'Appelle, and westward in salt marshes across the prairie to the Rocky Mountains at Canmore, Bow River valley. (Macoun.} Border of a saline pool near Wood Mountain, 49th parallel. (Dawson.) Abun- dant in marshes along the coast of Vancouver Island, from Victoria northward, and on the west coast, at Barclay Sound. (Macoun.} Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.} Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) Cumberland House to Rocky Mountains ; and North-west coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. elatum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 491. Peat bogs and borders of fresh water marshes. At the Gas Spring, Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Marshes at the head of the Bay of Quinte, and in the " Big Swamp," Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; shore of Lake Huron, at Chicken Bay ; on Pie Island, and at Red Rock, Lake Superior. (Macoun.} Swampy river flat, South- ampton, Lake Huron, Ont. (Burgess.} Oba Lake, Ont. (R. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., and Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 81 Swamps, Winnipeg and North-west Angle Eoad; near Pincher Creek, Alberta; at the Columbia Lakes and in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Dawson) Rather common in fresh water marshes along Beaver Creek Valley, at Stony Creek, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun) 654. SCHEUCHZERIA, Linn. Gen. 482. (SCHEUCHZERIA) (2426.) S. palustriS, Linn. ; Michx., PI. I., 209 ; Pursh, PL I., 247 ; Hook., PL II., 168. Bather rare in most localities. Soft peat bogs, Richibucto, Fred- ericton, Tay's Mills, York Co. ; St. Stephen, and McAdam Junction, KB. (Fowler, Gat.") Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marsh near Prescott Junction, Ont. ; rare. (Billings.') In a little pond in north western Seymour, and in a peat bog five miles north of Col borne, Northumberland Co. ; very abundant along Gull Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun) Mossy bogs, London, Ont. (JBurgess. Millman.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Between Trout Lake and the Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Between Hudson Bay and Cumberland House ; and upon " The Height of Land," Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) 655. LIL/EA, Humb. & Bonpl. (2427.) L. subulata, HBK. Nov. Gen. I., 222. Heterostylus gramineus, Hook., Fl. II., 171. Abundant in mud between high and low water, Somas River, Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. Water always fresh. (Macoun) 656. POTAMOGETON, Linn. Gen. 174. (POND-WEED) (2428.) P. natans, Linn.; Michx., PL I., 101; Pursh, Fl. L, 120; Hook., PL II., 171. Quite common in lakes, ponds, and stagnant pools, throughout the country. Cow Bay, and Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Marshes near Cape Blomidon, N,S., and in lakelets, North Sydney, Cape Breton :. in a pond at Salt Lake, Anticosti, and in lakelets along the Gasp£ coast, Q. (Macoun) In slow flowing waters, Salmon River, Kent Co., and! Clifton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) River St. Pierre, near Montreal, 1821.. (Dr. Holmes.) Abundant in the River Rouge, in quiet places, Argen- 6 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. teuilCo., Q. (& Urban.) Abundant around Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Railroad Bay, near Fresco tt, Ont. (Billings.) Yery common in nearly all still waters throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Burlington Bay, near the beach, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) In still water at Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Marshes at Point Edward, Lake Huron- (J. M. Macoun.) Still waters, Owen Sound, Ont., and in the Kaminis- tiqua River, fifteen miles from its mouth, and in Lake Hannah, Nipigon River. (Macoun.} Lake Missinaibi, Ont. (E. Bell.} Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.) Not uncommon in ponds throughout the prairie region and northward to Lake Athabasca ; not uncommon in Lost Lake, Shawn igan Lake, Home Lake and Sproat Lake, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Stagnant waters, Canada to Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. prolixus, Koch. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V.. 485. P. natans, var (3. (?) Hook., Fl. II., 171. Collected in flowing water near Ottawa. (McGill Coll. Herb.) A form approaching this variety was sent from London, Ont., by Burgess (Macoun.) North West America. (Hooker, Fl.) Specimens should be gathered of all forms. (2429.) P. Oakesianus, Robbins, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 485. Apparently a rare species in Canada. In marshes at Ellis Bay, Anticosti, 1883. (Macoun.) (2430.) P. Claytonii, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. XLV., 38. Not uncommon but seldom collected. Hampton, Salmon River, and Norton, N.B. ; rather common. (Fowler, Cat.) In flowing water at Hull, Q. ; abundant in streams, North Hastings ; common in Gull River, between Gull Lake and Minden, Victoria Co. ; in Gull Lake, Barrie, Addington Co. ; also in the river connecting Lake Isaac and Sky Lake, Bruce Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Blackstone Lake, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) (2431.) P. Vaseyir^obbins, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 485. Apparently rare in Canada. Crow River, above the dam at the Iron Works, Marmora, July 19th, 1864; Big Mud Turtle Lake, Gull River, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Rideau Canal, Ottawa. Form with floating leaves and fruit. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In 1865 this species was sent toj3ir William Hooker as P. diversifolius, Barton, and believed by him'to be that species, but later investigation showed that Barton's species went with P. hybridus. About the same time CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 83 specimens were sent to Mr. W. M. Canby and Dr. Yasey, under the name mentioned above, and are likely in their collections now. (2432.) P. Spirillus, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci.YI. (2,Ser.) 228. P. diversifolius, Hook., Fi. II., 172. A lovely species growing in flowing water, chiefly in the Laurentian districts of Ontario. In the Kennebeccasis at Norton ; Lake Utopia and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant in the Grand Eiver, at Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) In flowing water at Hull, Q. ; in numerous streams, North Hastings, at Partridge Lake, GJ-rimpsthorpe and in Crow Eiver at Marmora Iron Works ; Gull Eiver, at Elliott's Falls, and in Mountain Lake above Minden, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Norway House, head of Lake Winnipeg, to Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) (2433.) P. hybridus, Michx., Fl. I., 101. P. setaceus, Pursh, Fl. I., 120. P.fili/ormis, Pursh, Herb. ; Tucker. Amer. Journ. Sci. VI. (2, Ser.) 230. St. James, and St. Stephens, N.B. ( Vroom.) Although we strongly suspect that the plants referred here are P. Spirillus, there is no rea- son to doubt the occurrence of the species so far north. (2434.) P. rufescens, Schroder ; Hook., Fl. II., 172. P.fluitans, Pursh, Fl. I., 120. P. natans, \ar.fluitans, Torrey. ; Bot. N. York II., 254. Apparently a rare but widely diffused species. St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) In flowing waters, Truro, N.S. ; Eiver Ste. Anne des Monts, Gaspe", Q. ; abundant in flowing water in the Eiver Trent, at the " Narrows" and in Crow Eiver at Marmora Iron Works ; also in the North Eiver, Belmont and in Big Bushkong Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. ; Current Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.') Eiver Mistassini, near Lake St. John, Q. (Michaux.) Eapids of the Niagara Eiver, near Bath Island. (Tuckerman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Michi- picotin Eiver, Ont., and Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Abun- dant in the mill stream at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Eothr. Alask.) Stagnant waters, Canada to Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) (2435.) P. lonchites, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci, VI. (2, Ser.) 226. Apparently very rare or overlooked. Tobique Lakes, N.B. (Hay.) Abundant at Ottawa.*A form with remarkably long stipules. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In ponds, London. Ont. (Burgess.) Niagara Eapids, near Bath Island, Niagara Eiver. (Tuckerman.) 84 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2436.) P. amplifolius, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. VI. (2, Ser.) 226. Not rare in deep and still water, but seldom collected In the mill pond at Stirling ; and Elziver, Hastings Co. ; Gull Lake, Barrie, Adding- ton Co. ; at the lower end of Big Bushkong Lake, Victoria Co., and in the Potawatamie River, above Jones Falls, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun) In water, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.} King's Mere and Meech's Lake, in the Chelsea Mountains, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Missinaibi River and Lake, Ont. (R. Bell.) Marshes, Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Niagara River, on the Canadian side. (Tuckerman.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2437.) P. gramineus, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 487. P. heierophyllus, Schreb. ; Hook., F1..IL, 172 ; Pursh, Fl. L, 120. Common in streams from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In flowing water at Coal Branch, Kent Co. ; Tobique River, and Salmon River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat) Lake Utopia, N.B. (Wetmore.) Little Tobique Lake, N.B. (Hay.) Titusville, N.B. (Brittain.) Flowing water at Truro, N.S. ; Salt Lake, Anticosti ; in a rapid stream between West- wood and Peterboro, Ont; vicinity of Belleville, Hastings Co,, Ont.; River St. Clair, near Windsor, Ont. (Macoun) Wabigoon River, west of Lake Superior. ( Fletcher.) Var. (near) gram Jnifolius, Fries. In shallow water, Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J". M. Macoun.) Ottawa River. (Fletcher, Fl Ott.) Var. maxim us, Morong. Flowing water, Becscie River, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Not uncom- mon at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Var. heterophyllus, Fries. The common form and found throughout the country. Grand Val- lee, Gasp6 coast, Q. (Macoun.). Abundant in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Nation River, Ont. (Billings.) Mud Lake, near Kingston, Ont. (Millman) Near Belleville, Hastings Co., and general throughout central Ontario in rivers, lakes and ponds, and westward to Lake Superior, where it is particularly abundant. (Macoun.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. , and Mis- sinaibi River, Ont. (J. M . Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. - (E. Bell.) Jones Falls, Ont. (Millman.) Abundant in fresh water ponds through- out the prairie region, through the Rocky Mountains, and west" CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 85 ward to the Pacific, where it becomes common in ponds and lakes on Vancouver Island, near Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni. (Macoun.) Cumberland House on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2438.) P. lucens, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 487. Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) St. Lawrence Eiver, at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Bay of Quinte, and in the mill pond at Stirling, and in Elziver, Hastings Co. ; also in the still waters of the Trent Eiver, Sey- mour, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.} Nelson River, Keewatin. (E. Bell) (2439.) P. Zizii, Mertens & Koch. P. lucens, var. minor, Nolte ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 488 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1734, var. minor. Apparently rare in Canada. Nation Eiver at Casselman, near Ottawa ; Big Bushkong and other lakes up Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.} Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Meech's Lake, near Chelsea, Q. (Fletcher, Ft. Ott.} (2440.) P. prselongus, Wulfen.; Hook., Fl. II., 172. P. lucens, Michx., Fl. I., 102 ; Pursh, FL 1. 120. Not uncommon in deep water of lakes and quiet rivers. Earltown Lakes, Colchester Co., N.S. (McKay.} Bass Eiver, Kent Co. ; Tobi- que Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Woodstock, N.B. (Hay.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) St. Lawrence Eiver, near Point St. Charles, Mon- treal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Bay of Quinte, at Belleville; Weller's Bay, Lake Ontario, and in deep water in the Eiver Trent, Seymour, Northumberland Co.; abundant in Lake Superior, at the mouth of the Kaministiqua, and in the lake expansions of Nipigon Eiver. (Macoun.) Goulais Eiver, Lake Superior. (E. Bell.) In the Athabasca Eiver, above Lake Athabasca, lat. 58° ; Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill, and Lang- ford and Shawnigan lakes, near Goldstream, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) English Eiver, north of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2441.) P. perfoliatus, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 101 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 120 ; Hook., Fl. II., 172. Eather common in rivers and lakes throughout the country. Cow Bay, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Ponds and slow streams, Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Becscie Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Eivers of the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.} Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Eiver St. Pierre and at Three Eivers, Q. 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Green's Creek, Ottawa; very rare, only once collected. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in the Bay of Quinte, and at 8(5 GEOLOGICAL SURVE5T OF CANADA. Weller's Bay, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Canada to Slave Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. lanceolatus, Bobbins, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 488. This seems to be the western and northern form, as it is abundant westward where the species seems to be absent. St. Glair Flats, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant at Ottawa, in all waters. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) In the still waters of the lake expansions of Nipigon Elver, and in the mouths of rivers north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; and Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) James Bay, at Moose Factory. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Nelson- Eiver, Keewatin. (E. Bell.} Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Long Lake, north of Eegina, Assini- boia ; in a small pond on Copper Mountain, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Lewes Eiver, lat. 62°. (Dawson.) (2442.) P. zosterifolius, Schum.; Hook., Fl. II., 172. P. compressus, Fries. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 488 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1732. Eather common in still water. Still and slow flowing water, St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Yicinity of Ottawa ; common. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) St. Lawrence Eiver and slow streams; common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Jones Falls, Eideau Eiver, Ont. (Millman.) London, Ont. (Burgess.) Abundant in the Bay of Quinte, and in all the rivers in central Ontario ; Gull Eiver, Peterboro Co., Ont., and in Lake Hannah, Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Oba Lake and river, and Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell.) Burlington Marsh. Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) York Fac- tory, Hudson Bay, and from Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan, to Portage La Loche, lat. 57°. (Hooker, Fl.) (2443.) P. obtusifolius, Mertens & Koch. A few specimens were gathered in mud on the margin of a small lakelet near Point Fame Lighthouse, Gasp£ coast, Q., in August, 1882. (Macoun.) (2444.) P. pauciflorus, Pursh, Fl. I., 121. P. gramineum, Michx., Fl. I., 102. P. pusillum, Hook., Fl. II., 172. Not uncommon in still water. Eestigouche Eiver, N.B. ; rather doubtful. (Fowler, Cat.) Madeline Eiver, Gaspe", Q.; abundant in the Bay of Quinte, and in the Trent Eiver at Trenton ; also Gull Eiver, Peterboro Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Smith's Falls, Ont. (Prof. Fowler,) Billings Bridge, Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Marsh at Hamilton, Ont. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 87 (Buchan.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Fort Carleton, Saskatchewan Eiver. (Macoun.) Cumberland House to York Factory, on Hudson Bay. (Hooker ', Fl.) Var. Niagarensis, Gray. P. Niagarensis, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. (2, Ser.) VII., 354. Rapids above Niagara Falls. (Burgess.) Niagara River, near the brink of the Hog's Back, growing plentifully with Udora ; and else- where in the river. (Tuckerman.) (2445.) P. pusillus, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 488. Rather common in ditches^and slow streams. In ditches at Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Little Rocher, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott) Common in streams inland, from Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Grand Valle*e, Gasp£ coast, Q. ; in flowing water at Hull, Q. ; in the River Trent, at Trenton, and abundant in still waters and ditches throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Cockburn Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Jones Falls, Rideau River. (Mill- man.) Little Saskatchewan, near Rapid City, and not uncommon in pools in the prairie region. (Macoun.) Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N. E. T. (J. M. Macoun.) Specimens referred here were collected at Fort McLeod, B.C., lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Var. vulgaris, Fries.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 489. This is a longer and more branching form, with generally cylindri- cal and interrupted spikes. Madeline River, Gaspe", Q. ; Gull River, Victoria Co. ; in deep water, .Trent River, Seymour, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; Shawnigan Lake, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) The com- monest form at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Var. panormitanus, Biv. Rideau Canal, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Mr. Morong writes of this variety : " I have carefully compared these (Mr. Fletcher's specimens) with the plant sent me as P. pusillus, L., var. panormitanus, Biv., and can see no essential difference. In my specimens the (submerged) leaves are shorter, they are not ruddy at all, and none revolute. The description of the variety, however, corresponds •' leaves longer," (than the type) flaccid, the upper flower- ing ones opposite and spatulate, the whole surface of the leaf with a pretty chain-like areolation." I am sure that your plant meets this description, and when compared as to the floating leaves the specimens agree. I should not, however, regard it as^a distinct species, since it 88 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. bears so many of the characteristics of pusillus. The ruddy tinge an revolute leaves may be owing to the season or accidental circura stances. (2446.) P. mucronatus, Schrader. P. pusillus, var. major, Fries. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 489. P. obtusifolius, Macoun, Cat. No. 1737. Eather uncommon but very likely overlooked. St. Stephen, and Little Eocher, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Brackish ponds, Salt Lake, Anti- costi ; abundant in a brook, North Hastings, Oht. ; marshes at the mouth of Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Muskeg Creek, Lake Winnipeg, Man. ; and Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Long Lake, and Eeed Lake, Assiniboia. {Macoun.) In the Eed Eiver at Emerson, Man. {Prof. Fowler.) (2447.) P. rutilans, Wolfgang. In marshes at Ellis Bay, Anticosti, 1883 ; also in abundance in marshes at the mouth of the Nipigon Eiver, near Eed Eock, Lake Superior, 1884. (Macoun.) On South Twin Island, James Bay, 1887. (J". M. Macoun.) These are the only known localities for this species in America. (2448.) P. marinus, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 102. P. pectinatus, var. latifolius, Watson ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1739, var. P. pectinatus, var. /?, Hook., Fl. II., 172. Chiefly in brackish marshes on the sea-coast and in the prairie region. Brackish ponds, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Madeline Eiver, Gaspe* coast, Q. {Macoun.) Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Missinaibi Lake and Nelson Eiver. {R. Bell) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in the larger pools throughout the prairie region. (Macoun.) Ten miles above Spence's Bridge, B.C. {Fletcher.) Further examination will doubtless show that much of the material now referred to P. pectinatus is really this species. Var. Macounii, Morong. (MS.) This is a broad-leaved and very distinct form, and cannot be referred to It. marinus, var. occidentalis, although near it, by Eev. T. Morong, who names it as above. Brackish, and salt lakes, prairie region. Old Wives Lakes, and in Crawling Yalley, south of the Hand Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) (2449.) P. pectinatus, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 121. P. pectinatus, var. a., Hook., Fl. II., 172. Widely distributed or confounded with P. marinus. In ponds at CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 89 Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Harris Cove, Norton, and Clifton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Along the Eiver St. Lawrence, Q. (St. Cyr.} Com- mon in the vicinity of Ottawa. The typical form. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} St. Lawrence River, Conway's Creek, Nation River, and near Prescott, Ont. (Killings.') Jones Falls, Rideau River, Ont. (Millman.} Very com- mon in all the streams in central Ontario, and extending westerly to Victoria Co. (Macoun.} Marsh at Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} London, Ont. (Burgess.} South Twin Island, James Bay, and Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun} James Bay, near Moose Factory. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.} Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Abun- dant in the Sydenham River, at Owen Sound, and in all the streams entering Lake Superior ; Reed Lake, Assiniboia, and in Red Deer River, Man. ; not uncommon in pools and slow flowing streams from Morley westward through the Rocky Mountains to the Columbia ; in Somas and Stamp rivers, Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Crow Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains ; Lewes River, lat. 62° N. of British Columbia. (Dawson.) Canada to English River, and from Hudson Bay to alpine lakes in the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.} Two very marked forms were found growing together at Black Rapids, Rideau River, near Ottawa, by Mr. Fletcher. Of these forms Mr. Morong writes him : — (I.) " There is no varietal name for this form, but it is bushy and densely clothed with fine setaceous leaves, and might be called var. tenuissimus, as you suggest. (II.) This form approaches the "var. (?) latifolius" of Robbins, some of the leaves three nerved." (2450.) P. Robbinsii, Oakcs, Hov. Mag. VII., 128. Growing usually in deep water and seldom maturing its fruit. Petit- codiac and Hampton ; also Tobique Lakes, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Little Nictau Lake, N.B. (Hay.} Meech's Lake, Chelsea. Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Partridge Lake, Addington Co. ; Crow River, Marmora Iron Works ; Oak Hill Pond, near Stirling, Hastings Co.; Gull River, near Elliott's Falls, and Gull Lake, near Minden, Victoria Co. ; and in the mouth of Nipigon River, Lake Superior. (Macoun.} Oba Lake and Missinaibi River, Ont. (R. Bell.) Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill, and abundant and fruiting in the Somas River at Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} 9ft GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 657. RUPPIA, Linn. Gen. 175. (DITCH-GRASS.) (2451.) R. maritima, Linn. ; Piirsh, Fl. I., 121 ; Hook., Fl. II. 170. Generally in salt ponds by the sea-coast. Abundant at Yarmouth, N.S., and in salt ponds at Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Growing under water in estuaries of rivers flowing into the Gulf of St. Law- rence, New Brunswick coast. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Andrews, N.B. ( Vroom.) Pokeseudie Gully, Gloucester Co., N.B. (Hay.} Growing profusely in the northern end of Old Wives Lakes, Assiniboia, near the Canadian Pacific Eailway; in salt ponds at Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 658. ZANNICHELLIA, Linn. Gen. 1034. (HORNED PONDWEED) (2452.) Z. palustris, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 4 ; Hook., Fl. II., 170. Freshwater, and brackish ponds and ditches; not rare. In the salt marsh near Truro, and at Yarmouth, N.S. ; salt ponds at Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Growing under water in streams rendered brackish by the tides. Eichibucto and Spurr's Cove, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Not uncommon at Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott) Pools by the St. Lawrence Eiver, at Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Marshy ponds near Eednersville, Bay of Quinte, and in a ditch between Taylor's Hill and -the Eiver Moira, Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) In "The Eiver that Turns," near the Elbow of the South Saskatchewan, and numerous brackish ponds throughout the prairie region. (Macoun.) 659. ZOSTERA, Linn. Gen. 1032. (GRASS-WRACK.) (2453.) Z. marina, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 2. Between high and low tide on both the east and west coasts. Hali- fax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) On the sea-coast at Yarmouth, and on McNab's Island, Halifax Harbor, N.S. (Macoun.) Common along the coasts of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. (McKay.) Growing under water in shallow places along the Gulf coast, N.B. (Fowler, Cat) Salt Lake, Anticosti ; common around the Bay of Chaleur and up the CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 91 G-asp6 coast of the St. Lawrence ; abundant on both the east and west coasts of Vancouver Island, always about low water mark. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) 660. PHYLLOSPADIX, Hook., Fl. II., 171. (FALSE EEL-GRASS) (2454.) P. Scouleri, Hook., Fl. II., 171. Abundant on steep rocks below half tide, from the lighthouse, near Victoria, around the coast to Esquimault Harbor; very common in the same situations on all the islands in the outer part of Barclay Sound, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Although much like Z, marina in general appearance, its place of growth differs so materially that the two species need never be confounded, as this always grows on steep rocks or on boulders, while the other delights in pools with a bottom of shell mud. Fine fruiting specimens were obtained in July and August, 1887. It is very likely quite com- mon on the Pacific coast, but usually confounded with Z. marina. 661. NAIAS, Linn. Gen. 1096. (NAIAD) (2455.) N. flexilis, Eostk. & Schmidt. N. Canadensis, Michx., Fl. II., 220 ; Pursh, Fl. II, 602; Hook.,Fl. II., 170. Caul'ma flexilis, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 2. Locally abundant and widely distributed, extending from the Atlan- tic to the Pacific. Lake St. John, Q. (Michaux.) Earlstown Lakes, Colchester Co., N.S. (McKay.} Amqui, Metapedia Eiver, Q. (Macoun.) Potter's Lake, St. Stephen, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) Nation Eiver at Casselman, and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Lake Ontario, at Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Bay of Quinte, and in still water in all rivers and lakes of central Ontario ; also Sydenham Eiver, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Point Jidward, Eiver St. Clair, Ont. ; Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Head of the canal, Sault Ste Marie, Lake Superior ; occasionally met with in lakes north of the prairie; English Lake, near Fort Pitt, Saskatchewan Eiver a few very depauperate specimens, Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 92 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. CXYII. EEIOCAULE^. PIPEWORT FAMILY. 662. ERIOCAULON, Linn. Gen. 100. (PIPEWORT) (2456.) E. septangulare, With.; Hook., Fl. II., 187. E. pellwidum, Michx., Fl. I., 166 ; Pursh, Fl. L, 92. In soft mud on the borders of lakes and ponds. Newfoundland. (Dr. Morrison.') Halifax and Mahone Bay, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.*) Pictou Co., and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.") Caledonia, Guys- boro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) In a small lake, North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.} Lily Lake, Dark Lake, Welsford, and St. Stephen, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.} Tadousac Lake, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) Trembling Lake, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D* Urban.) Border of Partridge Lake, and Gull Lake, Addington Co. ; Hooper's Lake, Hastings Co. ; very common in the small lakes in Peterboro and Victoria Go's., Ont. ; also Birch Lake, north-east of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Abundant in a lake two miles from Sudbury, Ont, (Fletcher.) St. Joseph Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Sell.) Pancake Eiver, Ont,, near its mouth, growing on mud in a little cove. (R. Bell.) Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (HcoJcer, Fl.) CXYII. CYPEKACE.E. SEDGE FAMILY. 663. CYPERUS, Linn. Gen. 66. (GALINGALE) (2457.) C. diandrus, Torr. Cyp. 342; Hook., Fl. II., 232. Low ground around springs, and in marshes by lakes and ponds. Fredericton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eiverside, King's Co., N.B. (Wet- more.) In clefts of rocks on the shore of the St. Lawrence, at Mon- treal, and at Niagara Falls. (W. F. McCrea.) In all low spots in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common along the St. Lawrence, at Prescott., Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Low grounds at Kingston, and London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Yery common at Belleville, and in the marshes of the Bay of Quinte, Ont. (Macoun.) Marshes at Hamilton. Ont. (Buchan.) Banks of Kettle Creek, St. Thomas, Ont. (Saunders.) Swampy ground, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Point Edward, .River St. Clair, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Canada. (Goldie.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 93 Var. castaneus, Torrey, Cyp. 251. C. flavescens, var. (3. castaneus, Pursh, Fl. I., 52. Abundant in marshes at Belleville, and at the head of the Bay of Quinte, near the Murray Canal, Ont. (Macoun.) Niagara Falls. (W. F. McCrea.) (2458.) C. flavescens, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 552. Credited to Canada by Prof. L. N. Britton, in his Eevision of this genus. We have never seen a Canadian specimen. It should be looked for along the New Brunswick coast. (2459.) C. aristatus, Eottb. ; Britton. Bull. Torr. Bot. XIII., 207. C. inftexus, Muhl. ; Hook., Fl. II., 232 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1909. C. uncinqtus, Pursh, Fl. L, 50. Gravel in the beds of rivers, apparently very local. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) "West Eideau Lake, Ont. (Porter.} Gravelly bed of the river Moira, at Belleville, Hastings Co ; also in the bed of the Eivor Trent, at Trenton, Myersburg, and Heely Falls, Northumber- land Co., Ont. ; rather uncommon at Somas Falls, four miles from Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Saskatchewan and Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, FL) (2460.) C. Schweinitzii, Torr. Cyp., 276. Sandy shores of lakes and rivers, and on sand hills on the prairies. On sand on the beach along the lake shore at Hamilton, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Point Pele*e, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie, and Point Edward, Lake Huron, Ont.; Hungry Hall, Eainy Eiver, and on sand banks where that river enters the Lake of the Woods; on sand hills near the source of the Qu'Appelle, and at Old Wives Lakes, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) (2461.) C. esculentus, Linn. , Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. XIIL, 210. C. phymatodes, Muhl. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 554. C. repens, Ell. ; Hook., Fl. II., 232. C. tuberosus, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 52. On the banks of rivers, chiefly in wet sand. Sandy bank^of Kenne- beccasis ; Norton, and Fredericton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Gatineau Point, on the Ottawa, Q.; in wet sand at Niagara Town, and near * Queenston Heights, along the railway. (Macoun.) In great abundance below Parliament Hill, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Low grounds, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Point Pele'e and Point Aux Pins, LakeErie, Ont. (Burgess.) Upper Canada. (Goldie.) 94 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2462.) S. StrigOSUS. Linn.; Hook., PI. II., 232 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 52. C. Michauxianm, Schultes. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 554. C. flavicomus, Vahl. ; Michx., Fl. I., 27 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 53. Not uncommon in Ontario in cold wet pastures and meadows. Nun's Island, Montreal, and Niagara Falls. (W. F. McCrea.) Wet place, near the outlet of the Eideau Canal, Ottawa. (St. Cyr.) Along the Eideau Eiver at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In a little marsh on the banks of the St. Lawrence, one mile west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.} West Eideau Lake, Ont. (Porter.) Low wet meadows and boggy places, King- ston, Ont. (Millman.) Kingston, Ont. ; Point Pel^e, Lake Erie ; Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Boggy ground, Gatineau Point, near Ottawa, ; wet grassy places along the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, and in a sandy field at the Murray Canal, near Trenton ; near Salt Creek bridge, Brighton, Northumberland Co. ; and on an island in Eice Lake ; Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Point Edward, Lake Huron. (J. M. Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Upper Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2463.) C. erythrorhizos, Muhl.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 552. Apparently confined to south western Ontario. Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) (2464.) C. filiculmis, Vahl.; Pursh, Fl. I., 52. C. .mariscoides, Ell. ; Torr., Fl. I., 63. C. Kyllingxoides, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 50. Dry sandy woods or fields, not uncommon in central Ontario. Com- mon on Massassagua Point, Bay of Quinte, Ont ; sand hills at Murray Townhall, and on Eice Lake Plains, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; in sandy fields and thickets at Point Edward, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Sandy meadows, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) 664. DULICHIUM, Pers. (DULICHIUM) (2465.) D. spathaceum, Pers.; Hook., Fl. II., 232; Pursh, Fl. I., 53. J). Canadense, Pers. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 54. Scirpus spathaceus, Michx., Fl. I., 32. Not uncommon in marshes and by lake borders, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Halifax, N.S. (Sommers. Macoun.) Caledonia, Guys- boro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Earlston Lakes, Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Very wet places, Kent Co. ; and Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Beau- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 95 mont, Bellechasse Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Swampy ground, near Hamil- ton's Farm, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Casselman and several other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Ft. Ott.) Common in marshes at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Quite common at Belle- ville and throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Moon Eiver, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Sou-sou-wa-ga-mi Creek, Lake Huron ; Michipicotin to Lake Missinaibi, Ont. (E. Bell.) In a marsh at Langford Lake, and in a marsh at Sproat Lake, Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) 665. HELEOCHARIS, R. Br. (SPIKE-RUSH) (2466.) H. Robbinsii, Oakes.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 557. Kendrick's Lake ; and.Potter's Lake, near St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) (2467.) H. obtusa, Schultes. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 229. Scirpus capilatus, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 55. S. ovatus, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 54. Bather uncommon but widely distributed. Common in Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Ditches at Annapolis, N.S, and Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Muddy places; common, N.B. (Fowler > Cat.) Ditches, Campbellon, N. B. (Macoun.) Etchemin, Q. (Hon. W. Shepperd.) Muddy soil, Notre Dame de Levis, Q. (St. Cyr.) Nation Eiver, at Casselman, and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common in ditches at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Ditches and muddy places, rather common in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Swamps at London, Ont., and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Pitt Eiver, B. C. (J. A. Hill.) Saskatchewan Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) > (2468.) H. palustris, E.Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 228. H. multicaulis, Hook., Fl. II., 228. (?) Scirpus palustris, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 54. Common in wet meadows and bogs from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Marshy places, Annapolis, and Truro, N.S. ; Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Common both in the large form which grows in water, and the smaller form in wet meadows, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Camp- bellton, N.B,; Little Fox Eiver, Gaspe*, .Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Water pools, on rocks, Huckleberry Kapids, Argen- teuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) 96 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Common in marshy places, Prescott, Out. (Billings.) Kemptviller Ont. (Porter.) Abundant in marshy meadows and lake margins throughout central Ontario. (Both forms.) (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Swamps at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Batch-ah-wah-nah Bay, Lake Superior ; Michipicotin to Lake Missinaibi, Ont. ; down the Nelson Eiver to York Factory. (R. Bell.) Moose Factory, James -Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M: Macoun.) Syden- ham River, Owen Sound, One. ; abundant around Lake Superior and up the Nipigon River to Livingstone Point, on Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Wet prairie at Emerson, Man : Souris River, 49th parallel ; and Kitaman River, Kootanie Yalley, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Rather common in wet spots on the prairie from Winnipeg westward, especially at the File Hills and Long Lake; not uncommon in the Rocky and Selkirk Mountains, and westward to the Pacific coast and Vancouver Island, where it is abundant. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay to the Pacific Ocean ; varying much in size, from four inches to two feet. (Hooker, Ft.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. calva, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 346. Blackwater River, Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Var. glaucescens. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 558. In marshes at the mouth of Nipigon River, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) (2469.) H. compressa, Sullivant; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 558. This species seems to be rare in Canada. In wet meadows at Belle- ville, Ont. ; in great profusion, and evidently indigenous. (Macoun.) Barren field north of Fort Wellington, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) (2470.) H. rostellata, Torr., Var. occidentalis, Watson. Bot. Calif. II., 222. Sdrpus rostellatus, Torr. Gyp., 318. Abundant in marshes of the Somas River, at Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. The culms are usually rather weak, and often root at the tips, forming new plants which soon equal the parent in size. (Macoun.) (2471.) H. intermedia, Schultes.; Torr. Cyp., 91. Not uncommon in marshy spots along the Bay of Quinte, both above and below Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 97 (2472.) H. tenuis, Schultes. ; Torr. Gyp., 309. Scirpus tenuis, Willd. ; Torr. Fl. I., 44. Not uncommon, growing in wet meadows and boggy places. On a wet boggy place at Truro, and North-west Arm, Halifax, N".S., and at North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Halifax, N.8. (Sommers.) On a wet bank, Kouchibouguac ; Tobique Lakes, Petitco- diac, and Hampton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, and marshes at Grand Etang, Grasp£ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Shores of Thunder Bay, and along the east coast of Lake Superior ; east coast of Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) Muskeg Creek, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Marshes along the base of Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; Moose Jaw Creek, Assiniboia ; along the Bow River, at Morley, and westward to Kananaskis Station, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) /%j> OF THE (24?3.) H. acicularis, R.Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 230. ; Scirpus acicularis, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 54. S. capillaceus, Michx., FL L, 30. Muddy places, not uncommon from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Ditches at Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Burgess.) Muddy shores and ditches ; common ; Spurr's Cove, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Ste. Anne des Monts River, Gaspd,Q. (Macoun.) Thunder Creek, Q. (St. Cyr.) St. John, Q. (W. F. McCrea.) Abundant on all muddy river banks at Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Common in ditches at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Yery common in suitable places through- out central Ontario. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Low ground, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Chicken Bay, Lake Huron ; Sault Ste. Marie and east coast of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassi z.) Lake of the Woods; and Red River prairie, Man. (Dawson.) Red Deer River, near the Hand Hills, and frequent on the margin of pools in the prairie region; not uncommon in boggy places at Victoria, Nanaimo, and Alberni, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Hudson Bay, Red River, and the Saskatche- wan. (Hooker, FL) (2474.) H. pygmsea, Torr. Cyp., 313. Scirpus pusillus, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 54. Brackish marshes along the sea-coast. Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Sea-shore, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Saguenay River, Q. (Burgess.) Lower St. Lawrence. (C. Gr. Pringle.) Salt, marshes at Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 7 98 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (2475.) H. pauciflora, Link.; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Scirpus pauciflora, Lightf. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V. 560 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1930. S. Bxothryon, Ehrh. ; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Not uncommon but easily overlooked ; from the Atlantic westward to the Rocky Mountains. Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Grand Etang and other places along the Gasp6 coast, Q. ; in wet sand at Presqu'ile Point, Wellington Beach, and Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) Toronto, Ont. (Burgess.} East coast of Lake Nipigon ; marshes at the base of Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; in springs, Cypress Hills, Alberta ; abundant on sand along Bow River, from Morley westward, and at Kicking Horse Lake, in the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.} Muddy swamps and salt marshes in the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL} 666. SCIRPUS, Linn. Gen. 67. (CLUB-RUSH.) (2476.) S. csespitosus, Linn. ; Torr. Cyp., 319. Eleocharis cssspitosa, Link. ; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Chiefly boreal and alpine in habit, but extending across the continent. Peat bog, Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Richibucto and Lily Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Peat bog, Salt Lake, Anticosti, (Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Har- bor Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Marsh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron ; abundant at Current River and north-east coast of Lake Superior ; east coast of Lake ISTipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) York Factory, Hudson Bay ; Ford's Harbor, coast of Labra- dor. (R. Bell) Bogs along the base of the Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; on boggy soil, from Morley westward through the Rocky and Selkirk Mountains ; on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 4,800 feet, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to near the shores of the Arctic sea, and in swamps of the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Rothr. Alask) Greenland. (Lange.) (2477.) S. subterminalis, Torr.; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Floating and growing in mud at the bottom of shallow lakes. Petit- codiac, and Quaco, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Clair Flats, St. Glair River, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) In water, Blackstone Lake, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Oba Lake, Ont. (R. Bell.) Gull Lake, Addington Co., and in Gull River, Victoria Co. ; White River, north of Lake Superior ; and in a small lake on Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, alt. 2,500 feet. (Macoun.) Deep standing pools in the Rocky Mountains, near the head waters of the Columbia. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 99 (2478.) S. pungens, Vahl.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 561. 8. triqueter, Michx., Fl. L, 47. 8. Americanus, Pers.; Pursh, Fl. L. 56. S. mucronatus, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 55. Not uncommon in salt marshes, and on the shores of the Great Lakes ; extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Marshes at Sydney Mines, and Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Common in salt or brackish marshes, New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.] Ouatechechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Gravelly island in the St. Lawrence, opposite Montreal. ( W. F. McCrea.) Along the Eideau Eiver, at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Bank of the St. Lawrence, three miles west of Prescott; banks^of the Eideau Eiver, near Ottawa. (Sittings.) Hog Lake, North Hastings, Ont. ; sands of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; Eiver Trent, above .Heely Falls, Northumberland Co., and on Britton's Island, Gull Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. ; marsh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Sands of Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. (Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Shallow water, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Salt marshes at Brandon, and Calgary, N.W.T. (Prof. Fowler.) Borders of salt marshes, Old Wives Lakes, Cypress Hills, and throughout the prairie region gener- ally ; common in sandy marshes at Oak Bay, and along the coast of Vancouver Island to Comox ; also in marshes at Alberni, on the west coast. (Macoun.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) Missinaibi Eiver ; marshes of the Saskatchewan and throughout the country to the Arc- tic regions. (Hooker, Fl.) (2479.) S. NevadensiS, Watson, Bot. King's Exp. V., 360. In alkaline marshes along the north end of Old Wives Lakes, and along some of the salt lakes north of the Cypress Hills. (Macoun.) Chinaman's Eanche, above Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Fletcher.) (2480.) S. lacustris, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 229 (Great Club-Eush.) S. validus, Vahl.; Pursh, Fl. L, 56 ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 562; Macoun, Cat. No. 1927. Common in still water of rivers, and in lakes and marshes from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Moser's Lake and Cow Bay, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Annapolis, and Yarmouth N.S. (Macoun.) In still fresh water N.B. ; common. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbell- ton, N.B. (Chalmers.) In marshes at Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa ; not common. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) St. Andrews, Q., and Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGrill Coll. Herb.) Eivers, lakes and ponds, quite common in central and western Ontario. 100 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton. (Logie.) In water at London, Out, (Burgess. Millman.) North shore of Lake Superior. ' (Agassiz.) Lake Nipigon; and Kaministiqua Eiver, Thunder Bay, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake of the "Woods, and Roseau Eiver, Man. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; " G-rassy Narrows," Lake Winnipeg ; Beren's River and down the Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun) Michi- picotin River, Ont. ; Nelson River, Keewatin. (E. Bell") Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Winnipeg and North-west Angle Road ; also Trader's Road, Man. (Dawson.) Occasionally in ponds, but particularly at Rush Lake, in the prairie region, extending north to the Peace River ; Bow River, at the Kananaskis, Rocky Mountains, and in the Columbia Valley, between Golden City and Donald ; not uncommon on the borders of lakes, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) British America, as far north as lat. 57°; marshes of the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. occidental is, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 218. Kootanie Valley, Rocky Mountains, 1883. (Dawson.) (2481.) S. maritimus, Linn. ; Hook., PI. II., 230, (Sea Club-Rush.) S. maritimus, /?. macrostachyos, Michx., Fl. I., 32, in part. S. robustus, Pursh, Fl. I., 56, in part. Salt marshes on the coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and borders of salt lakes in the prairie region. Salt marshes at Truro, and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Common in salt marshes, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Saguenay River ; Riviere du Loup, Q. (Burgess.) Saline lake near Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson.) Marshes at the File Hills, Man., and along Thunder Creek, and Old Wives Lakes, Assiniboia; very abundant in salt marshes at Qualicum, and Nanaimo ; also at Alberni, on the west coast, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Salt marshes of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, FL) (2482.) S. fluviatilis, Gray. (River Club-Rush.) S. maritimus, var. (?) ftuviatilis, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 354. S. robustus, Pursh, Fl. I., 56, in part. Rather uncommon in ri^er and lake marshes. L'Ange Gardien, and Templeton ; Pointe Aux Trembles, Hochelago Co., Q. (Ami.) Marsh along the Rideau River, at the railway bridge, Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) River St. Lawrence, at Prescott. (Billings.) River Trent, at the terminus of the Marmora railway, and at the "Narrows" above that point; Gull River, above Cameron Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Swampy marsh, Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Port Colborne, Lake Brie. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.) Shallow CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 101 water, Point Pel£e, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Marsh, Lake Shebandewan, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) . . (2483.) S. rufus, Wahl. ; Hook. British Flora, 414. Blysmus rufus, Link. Salt marshes, chiefly around the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Marshy ground at the mouth of Eel Kiver, Eestigouche Co., N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Abun- dant at Salt Lake, and Becscie Kiver, Anticosti ; very common in salt marshes at Cape Eosier, Gaspe", and at intervals along the coast to Matane, Q. (Macoun.) Shore of Kiver St. Lawrence, Q. (Pringle.) Around salt springs, about a mile up Ked Deer Kiver, at the head of Lake Winnipegoosis, lat. 53°. (Macoun.) (2484.) S. sylvaticus, Linn., var. digynus, Boeck. S. micrucarpus, Presl. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 564 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1931. S. sylvaticus, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 230; Pursh, Fl. I., 56. S. lenticularis, Torr. Cyp., 328 ; Hook., Fl. II., 230. Not uncommon in flowing water from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Truro, and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Com- mon in Kent Co. ; Campbellton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Brooks, Gaspe Basin, Q. (Macoun.) Montreal, and St. Andrews, Q. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Nipigon House, Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Mis- tassini, N.E.T. (J. Richardson.) Kupert House, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Michi- picotin Kiver, Ont. (R. Bell.*) Cut Arm Creek, Saskatchewan River, Athabasca Kiver, Peace Kiver, and Lake Athabasca, N.W.T. (Macoun.} Medicine Hat, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.} Common in Beaver Creek Valley and in other valleys of the Selkirk Mountains ; abundant at Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum, Alberni, and numerous other places, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada and Hudson Bay to lat. 57°, and to the headwaters of the Columbia, in the Kocky Mountains ; Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) (2485.) S. atrovirens, Muhl. Gram. 43. S. polyphyttus, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 57. S. sylvaticus var. atromrens, Gray, Man. Ed. II. (1856.) Not uncommon in marshes. Watery places at Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault). Wet meadows and bogs, Norton, and Fredericton ; Grand Manan, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Quebec, and Kiver Mingan, Lower St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Abundant on the sandy banks of the Kouge Kiver, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Low wet meadows and ditches, common in central Ontario. 102 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton Ont. (Logie.) Swamps at London, Ont. (Millman. burgess.) Point Edward, Kiver St. Glair, Ont. ( J. M. Macoun.) Fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua River, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Sault Ste. Marie ; Oxford Lake and Nelson River, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Saskatchewan. Hooker, Fl.) 667. ERIOPHORUM, Linn. Gen. 68. (2486.) E. cyperinum, Linn. ; Benth. & Hook., Gen. Plant, III., 1052. Scirpus Eriophorum, Michx., var. cyperinus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 565 \ Macoun, Cat. No. 1925- Trichophorum cyperinum, Pers. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 57. Rather common in ditches and swamps throughout eastern Canada. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Whycocomagh, Cape Breton ; and Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Abundant at Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., KS. (Faribault.) Campbellton, N.B. (Macoun.) Thunder Eiver and St. Sauveur, Q. (St. Cyr.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) In pools of water at Huckleberry Rapids, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very abundant in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Sault Ste. Marie \ Echimamish River, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Abundant at the mouth of the Kaministiqua River, at Fort William, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Hudson Bay; Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) All the preceding notices are supposed to belong to Scirpus Eriop- horum, Michx., var. cyperinus, Gray, which seems to be the common form. Var. laxus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 565. Scirpus Eriophorum, Michx., var. laxus, Gray, Man. Ed. V, 565. This is distinguished from all the other forms by its scattered heads, but more particularly by the long pedicelled lateral heads and sessile middle one. Along the Restigouche, near Campbellton, N .B. ; wet mea- dows, Whycocomagh, Cape Breton ; common at Belleville, Ont. ; also Flat Rock Portage, Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Wet places, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 103 (2487.) E. lineatum, Benth. & Hook., Gen. Plant., III., 1052. Scirpus lineatus, Vahl. ; Michx., Fl. I., 32 ; Pursh, Fl. I. 56 ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 566. Bare and apparently confined to south-western Ontario. Wet gravelly river flats, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Low ground at the southern end of Pele'e Point, Lake Erie. (Macoun & Burgess.) (2488.) E. alpinum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 230. E. Hudsonianum, Michx., Fl. L. 34. Trichophorum alpinum, Pursh, Fl. L, 57. Peat bogs and cold swamps ; common northward. Mahone Bay, Cape Breton. (Sommers, Cat.) Bog near Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Aspy Bay, Cape Breton. (McKay.) Grand Falls of Nepisiquit, and near St. John ; St. Francis, and Lily Lake ; Andover, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Charlo, N.B. (Fletcher.) Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti j bogs along the Gasp£ coast, and at Trois Pistoles, Q. (Macoun.) St. Charles Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Beaver meadow, Hooper's Lake, Tudor, and tamarack swamps, Hun- tingdon, North Hastings ; near, Otter Head, and south of Fort William, Lake Superior ; White River, north of Lake Superior ; and in bogs along Porcupine Mountain, Man. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, and Rupert River, N.E.T. ; Severn River, Keewatin ; Charlton Island, and Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) From Hudson Bay to Lake Mistassini. (Hooker, Fl.) Common in marshes in Beaver Creek Yalley, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) (2489.) E. vaginatum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 231, (Hares-tail.) E. casspitosum, Host. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 5. Peat bogs and swamps from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfound- land. (.Reeks.) Halifax, Truro, and Mahone Bay, Lunenburg Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Truro, N.S. ; and North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Magdalen Islands. (J". Richardson.') Halifax, N.S. (Burgess.} Common in Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Common in peat bogs, Kent, and Carleton Go's. ; Lancaster, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Salt Lake, Jupiter River, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; and in bogs along the Gasp6 coast, Q. (Macoun.) Grand Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Boggy soil, Island of Montreal. (W. F. McCrea.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Bog near Kemptville, Ont. Porter.) Cedar swamps and bogs, North Hastings, Ont. ; in a swamp five miles north of Colborne, Ont. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, near London, Ont. 104 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Beren's River, and Severn Kiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Bogs, Lake Nipigon, Ont. ; Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; abundant in swamps along the Bow Kiver, and frequent in marshes, Rocky Mountains; east of Stewart's Luke, Northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Canada to Fort Enterprise. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Cumberland Islands. (Parry.} Banff, Rocky Mountains. (Prof. Fowler.} Greenland. (Lange.) (2490.) E. russeolum, Fries. E. vaginatum, var. >-., Hook., Fl. II., 231. Rather uncommon in bogs eastward. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Coast of Labrador. (Butler.) Magdalen Islands. (McKay.) Bog, Straits of Canso, N.S. (Macoun.) Bog, near Richibucto; Cape Bald, Port Elgin, Hillsborough, Cape Enrage; Chipman, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.} Bog, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Table Top Mountain, Gaspd, Q. (Porter.) (2491.) E. capitatum, Host.; Hook., Fl. II., 231. E. Scheuchzeri, Hoppe. ; Kothr. Alask., 457. E. Chamissonis, C. A. Meyer; Rothr. Alask., 45 7. Peat bogs and river margins, chiefly westward. Newfoundland. (Oormack.) Labrador. (Butler.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Hudson Bay, lat. 56°. (J. M. Macoun.) Bogs, Porcu- pine Mountain, Man. ; common along the Bow River, at Castle Mt. and bordering the marshes along the Columbia, between Golden City and Donald ; in marshes along Beaver Creek, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; Stewart's Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Island Lake, B.C. (Hill) Lost Lake, Cedar Hill, near Victoria, and Westwood's swamp, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Swamps on Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Kotzebue Sound, Sitka and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Fort Churchill, and northward to Repulse Bay and Cape Lady Pelly. (Dr. Rae.) Point Barrow. (John Murdoch.) Cumberland Island. (Parry.) From Quebec to the swamps on the summits of the Rocky Mountains, and to the Arctic coasts and islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Port Kennedy, lat. 72°. (Dr. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. ft., Hook., Fl. II., 231. E. callitrix, Cham. ; Rothr. Alask., 457. Island of St. Lawrence. (Rothr. Alask.) Ihe leaves in this variety are scabrous. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. - 105 (2492.) E. Virginicum, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 34; Pursh, Fl. I., 58; Hook., Fl. II., 231. Not uncommon in bogs eastward. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Brigus, Newfoundland. ( R. Bell.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Pictou, and Guysboro Co., N.S. (McKay.) Pictou, N.S. (Burgess.) Cale- donia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common in bogs in northern counties ; Lily Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Ouatchechou ; Yalcartier, Q. (St. Cyr.) Boggy margins of small lakes, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Marsh west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Tamarack swamps, Hastings Itoad, and Marmora, Hastings Co. Ont. ; swamp, five miles north of Colborne, Ont. (Macoun.) Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Ont. ; and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess) Oba Lake, Ont. (R. Bell) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Mer Bleue, Ottawa ; Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McG-ill Coll.- Herb.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. album, Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 566. Wool quite white, heads much smaller. In a bog near the town of North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun) (2493.) E. polystachyon, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 58; Hook., Fl. II., 231. E. polystachyon, (3., Michx., Fl. L, 34. E. polystachyon, L., var. latifolium, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 566. Very common in marshes and bogs, under various forms, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Aspy Bay, Cape Breton ; and Magdalen Islands. (McKay.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault,) Common in bogs throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler Cat.) Bake Apple Bog, North Sydney, Cape Breton ; and Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Hunting Island, Mingan; Ouatchechou. and St. Sauveur, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Jessup's Swamp and common north- ward, from Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) The Dell, Aucaster, near Lon- don, Ont. (Logie.) London, Ont. ; Lake of the Woods, and Eosseau Kiver, Man. (Burgess.) Swamp near Turtle Mountain, Man. (Millman) Between Badger Creek and Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson) Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant at Flat, and Gopher creeks, Man.; swamps, Bear Hills, Alberta; rather common from Morley westward through the Bocky and Selkirk mountains, B.C.; on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, and along the shores of Home Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Norton Sound to Point 106 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Barrow and the Arctic coast. (Eothr. Alask.) Canada to the Eocky Mountains, and to the Arctic sea-shore and islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Between Fort Churchill and York Factory. (Dr. Eae.) Port Kennedy, lat. 72°. (Dr. Walker.) Nottingham, and Digge's islands, Hudson Strait. (E. Bell'} Var. angustifolium, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 566. E. angustifolium, Roth. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 58 ; Hook., Fl. II., 231. Doubtless many of the references under var. latifoliwn belong here, but we had no means of determining, and so placed them all under the general head. Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) North Sydney, Cape Breton, and Yarmouth, N.S. ; marshes, Mount Albert, Gaspe^ Q. ; bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; peaty swamps, near Belleville, Ont. ; Eed Eock, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Greenland, (Lange.) (2494.) E. gracile, Koch.; Hook., Fl. II., 231. E. angustifolium, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 359. Peat and other bogs, common eastward. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) Bogs, Windsor, and Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Goldenville, Guys- boro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Dartmouth, N.S. (McGill Coll Herb.) Eather common at Bass Eiver ; Lancaster, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Dow's swamp and other places, Ottawa; uncommon. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Dr. Jessup's swamp and northward from Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Loboro Lake, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) Swamp, a little east of Belleville, Ont. ; Big Swamp, Murray, and in marshy meadows near Trenton, Northumberland Co. ; Chicken Bay, shore of Lake Huron, and marshy spots, Point Aux Pins, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Churchill Eiver, and York Factory, Hudson Bay. Cape Chudleigh, Hudson Strait. (E. Bell.) Saskatchewan to the Arctic sea. (Hooker, FL) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) Var. paucinervium, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 566. Mossy bog near London, Ont. (Millman. Burgess.) 668. RHYNCHOSPORA, Vahl. (BEAK-RUSH.) (2495.) R. fusca, Eoem. & Schultes, Syst. II., 81. R. alba, p., fusca, Pursh, Fl. I., 49. Schcenus fuscus, Linn., Sp. II., 1664. Peat bogs and beaver meadows. Peat bogs, North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Near Hampton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 107 Hampstead ; Trout Lake, Charlotte Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Beaver meadow, Hooper's Lake, North Hastings, Ont. {Macoun.) Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) (2496.) R. alba, Yahl.; Hook., PI. II., 233; Pursh, PI. I., 49. Schcenus albus, Linn. ; Michx., PL I., 5. Peat bogs and beaver meadows, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Liscomb River, G-uysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Wet bogs near Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Peat bogs, near Richi- bucto; border of Clifton Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Charlotte Co., N.B. (Vroom.) Hampton, N.B. (Brittain.) Mer Bleue, Ont., and Lake Flora, Hull, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott ) Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; Beaver meadow, Hooper's Lake, and rear of Samuel Baker's Farm, Huntingdon, North Hastings ; Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; border of South Lake, Snowden, Victoria Co., Ont. ; marsh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. , Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Shore of Home Lake, near Qualicum, and at Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Eothr. Alask.) (2497.) R. capillacea, Torr., Fl. L, 55. Schcenus setaceus, Muhl. Gram., 6. Beaver meadows, Hooper's Lake, and northward along the Hastings Road, Tudor, Hastings Co. ; abundant in grassy places, Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario, and in a marsh at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Niagara Falls, and London, Ont. (Burgess.) (2498.) R. glomerata, Vahl.; Pursh, Fl. L, 48 ; Hook., Fl. II., 233. Schcenus glomeratus, Linn. ; Muhl. Gram. 8. S. capitellatus, Michx., Fl. L, 36. Beaver meadow, Hooper's Lake, Hastings Road, and beaver mea- dow in rear of Samuel Baker's Farm, Huntingdon, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Moon River, Muskoka Co. ; and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) 669. CLADIUM, R. Br., Hist. Jam., 114. (TWIG-RUSH.) (2499.) C. mariscoides, Torr. Cyp., 372. Schcenus mariscoides, Muhl. ; Torr., Fl. L, 54. Not very common, but occasionally met with in marshes. Marsh, 108 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Upper Stewiacke, N.S. (McGill Coll. Herb.} Potter's Lake, near St. Stephen, KB. ( Vroom.) Grassy points, running into Brighton Harbor, on the north side of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario; swamp in Killadar, Addington Co. ; on a mud flat at the junction of the Peterson and Bobcaygeon roads, Victoria Co. ; marshes, Point Edward, St. Clair Eiver, Ont. (Macoun.') Blackstone Lake, and Port Cockburn, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) 670. SCLERIA, Berg. (NUT-RUSH.) (2500.) S. triglomerata, Michx., Fl. II., 168; Pursh, Fl. L, 46. In a sandy thicket, near London, Ont. ; very rare. (Burgess.) (2501.) S. verticillata, Muhl.; Pursh, Fl. I., 45. Hypoporum verticillatum, Nees. ; Torr. Cyp., 384. Very abundant on grassy points running into the marshes bordering Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario, 1865. (Macoun.) 671. KOBRESIA, Willd. Spec. PL IV., 205. (2502.) K. scirpina, Willd.; Eich. App., Ed. II., 34. Elyna spicata, Schrad. ; Hook., Fl. II., 228. On the summits of the Kocky Mountains, around Kicking Horse Lake. (Macoun.) Shady places on the Rocky Mountains ; barren grounds, between lat. 64° and the Arctic Sea. (Hooker, Fl.) Green- land. (Lange.) Arctic coast. (Rothr. Alask.) (2503.) K. caricina, Willd. Elyna caricina, Mert. & Koch. ; Hook., Fl. II., 228. On the summits of the Eocky Mountains, at Castle Mt. and Kick- ing Horse Lake. (Macoun.) Dry banks of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) 672. CAREX, Linn. Gen. 1046. (SEDGE.) I. Spike solitary and simple. Terminal and androgynous. Colored. * Bracts scale-like. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. Stigmas II. (2504.) C. nardina, Fries. Mant. II, 55 (1835.) C. Hepburnii, Boott,Hook., Fl. II., 209 (1840.) On mountain summits, and in the arctic regions. Nottingham Island, off Cape Wolstenholme, Hudson Strait. (E. Bell.} "The Twins," James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Eastern summit of North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) On the more elevated summits of the Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain westward to Mount Stephen ; summit of Stewart's Lake Mountain, B.C. (Macoun.} Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2505.) C. capitata, Linn. Sp. PI. Ed. II., 1381; Hook., Fl.II.,208. Hudson Bay, and Eocky Mounntains. (Hooker, FL} Greenland (Lange.) We have no Canadian specimens of this species. (2506.) C. filifolia, Nuttall, Gen. N. Am. PI. II., 204 (1818) ; Hook.r Fl. II., 208. Uncinia breviseta, Torr. Gyp., 428, (1836.) Kobresia globutaris, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 253, (1836.) Dry gravelly soil, Qu'Appelle Yalley, near Fort Ellico, ; abundant on hillsides at Morley, and in the foothills of the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Carleton House, on the Saskatchewan; also in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2507.) C. dioica, Linn. Sp. PL, 972. Along the Eiver St. Lawrence, at Grand Metis, Q. (Pringle.) There is much doubt regarding Pringle's specimens, as Prof. Bailey does not include this species in his catalogue of North American Carices. I have not seen Pringle's specimens. (2508.) C. gynocrates, Wormsk. in Herb. Hornm. C. dioica, Schweinitz & Torrey, Mon. (1824); Hook., Fl. II., 208. C. dioica, Linn., var. Davalliana, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 283, (1826.) C. Redowskiana, C. A. Meyer, Gyp. Nov. t. 4, (1830.) C. monosperma, Macoun, in Herb. ; Bailey Carex. Cat. (1882.) C. nigricans, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 249, (1836.) Cedar and other swamps throughout the country. Eestigouche Co. ; Arthurette, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Belledune, N.B. (Chalmers.) Bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Dow's Swamp and other localities, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp near Belleville, and in bogs, North Hastings ; also Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Swamp at Saugeen, Ont. (Burgess.) Abundant in swamps- 110 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. around Lake Superior, and at Red Eock, Nipigon River ; swamps along the Eed Deer Eiver, at the head of Lake "Winnipegoosis, lat. 53° ; common in bogs and swamps from Morley westward through the Rocky' and Selkirk mountains, B.C. (Macoun.} Carleton House, on Saskatchewan, to the Arctic sea ; also Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.} Greenland. (Lange.} Churchill Eiver, and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (R. Sell. Dr. Eae.} Stigmas III. (2509.) C. ieiocarpa, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 208, t. 5, (1830); Hook., Fl. II., 208. C. anthoxaniha, Presl. Reliq. Haenk, 203, vide Bceckeler; Hook., Fl. II., 209. Near the glacier on the Stikine Eiver. (Cowley.} Sitka and Ouna- lashka. (Eothr. Alask.} (2510.) C. circinata, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 209, t. 6, (1830) ; Hook., PL II., 209. Sitka. (Barclay.} Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Eothr. Alask.} Our specimens were collected by Barclay. (2511.) C. Lyoni, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 209. Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.} According to Drummond, who collected in the Rocky Mountains, between the Athabasca and lat. 55°. Since his time no collections have been made in that region. (2512.) C. nigricans, C. A. Meyer. Cyp. Nov. 210, t. 7, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 210. C. Pyrenaica, Torr. Cyp., 403, (1836.) Western summit of North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Daw- son.} Very common on the summits of the higher Rocky Mountains, from Castle Mt. westward to the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,600 feet. (Macoun.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Eothr. Alask.} Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.} (2513.) C. Pyrenaica, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 139, (1802.) C. micropoda, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 210, t. 6, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 209. C. nigricans, Torr. Cyp., 402, (1836.) C. Davalliana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVIII., 271, (1835.) Abundant on the summits of the high mountains at Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,500 feet. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Eothr. Alask.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. Ill (2514.) C. exilis, Dew. Sill. Journ. XIV., 351, (1828.) Peat bogs and tamarack swamps. Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.) Peat bog at the head of the North- west Arm, Halifax, N.S. ; bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Lakeville ; Trout Lake, near St. George, N.B. (Brittain.) MerBleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) (2515.) C. pauciflora, Lightf.Fl. Scot., 543, t. 6, (1777); Hooker, Fl. II., 210. C. leucoglochin, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 42, (1826.) Peat bogs, and cedar and other swamps, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Wet boggy ground at the head of the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Bog near St. John ; mouth of the Madawaska ; and Chipman, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) In bogs, Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; summit of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.) Swamps at Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Abundant in a swamp Kennebec, Addington Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Border of a peat swamp at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Swamp, One-mile Portage, Nipigon Eiver. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Border of Langford Lake, Goldstream, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2516.) C. microglochin, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 140, (1802) ; Hook. Fl. II., 210. Boggy ground, North Twin Island, James Bay, 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in boggy places and along rivers and small streams, from Morley westward through the Rocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Valley, 1885. (Macoun.) Easily distinguished from C. pauci- flora, by "a conspicuous projecting racheola" which takes the place of the stiff persistent style in that species. (2517.) C. polytrichoides, Muhl. in Willd. (1802); Pursh, Fl. I., 39 ; Hook., Fl. II., 209. C. leptalea, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Hand!. XXIV., 139, (1803.) C. microstachya, Michx., Fl. II., 169, (1803.) Swamps and bogs throughout Canada from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) In a swamp at Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Rather common at Bass River; Spurr's Cove, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Becscie River, Anticosti; Cape Rosier, and near Point Fame, G-asp6 coast. (Macoun.) Beaumont swamps, and Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Swamps at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Abun- dant in black ash, elm, and cedar swamps throughout central Ontario. 112 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Macoun.) Low grounds around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.') Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.} Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Owen Sound, Ont. ; common around Lake Superior and up the Nipigon River; swamps at Port Arthur, and westward through the forest coun- try and prairie to Brandon, Man. (Macoun.) Michipicotin River, Ont. (R. Bell} Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in swamps and bogs from Morley westward through the Rocky Moun- tains, to the summit of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; boggy places at Nanaimo and on Mount Mark, Vancouver Island. '(Macoun.} Swamp near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.} Hudson Bay to Norway House, north of Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl} (2518.) C. scirpoidea, Michx., Fl. L, 1*71, (1803); Pursh, Fl. I.,. 34; Hook., Fl. II., 208. C. Michauxii, Schwein. An. Tab. L, 64, (1823.) C. Wormskioldiana, Schwein. & Torr. I., 294, (1824.) C. scirpina, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. 8, (1843.) Cold boggy places or mountain summits. Summit of Mount Albert,. Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe", Q. (Porter.} Bog at Sydney Mine, Cape Breton ; Salt Lake, and Jupiter River, Anticosti ; Red, and Chicken bays, Lake Huron, Ont. (Macoun.) Swamp between Badger Creek and Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson. Burgess.} Severn Lake, Kee- watin ; Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.} Griswold, Man. (Bur- man.} Not uncommon on the prairies, from Brandon north-westward to Edmonton ; abundant in boggy meadows, from Morley westward through the Rocky, and Selkirk mountains, B.C. ; summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,500 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Fort Nor- man, Mackenzie River; Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL} Arctic sea-coast; (Richardson.) Greenland. (Lange.} (2519.) C. obtusata, Liljeblad, Kongl. Acad. Handl. (1793) ; Hook., Fl. II., 209. C. affiriis, R. Br. Rich. App. Frankl. Narr., 763, (1823) ; Hook., Fl. II., 209. C. Backiana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 250, (1836.) C. obesa, var. monostachya, Boeckeler, Linnsea XLL, 185- Abundant in the prairie region on gravelly slopes, and amongst the foot-hills. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Near Moose Mountain Creek, Souris Plain, Assiniboia, (J. M. Macoun.) Fort Qu'Appelle, Assini- boia. (Fletcher.) Quite common on dry slopes, from Portage la Prairie westward to the Rocky Mountains, and northward throughout the Saskatchewan region ; on dry gravelly slopes in the foot-hills at Morley, and westward to Canmore, in the Rocky Mountains ; Bridge CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. Creek, Fraser River, B.C. (Macoun.) Carleton House, Saskatchewan River and wooded country northward ; Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2520.) C. rupestris, Allioni, Fl. Ped. II., 264, t. 92, (1823.) C. attenuata, R. Brown, Rich. App. Frankl. Voy., 763, (1823.) C. .Drummondiana, Dew. Journ. XXIX., 251, (1836.) C. rupestris, var. Drummondiana, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) Border of the first mountain gorge west from Kaiianaskis Station, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Fort Norman, Mackenzie River; Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2521.) C. ursina, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVII., 240, (1835.) C. glareosa, var. csespitosa, Brack.; Bailey, Carex, Syn. No. 212, (1886.) C. glareosa, var. ursina, Bailey, Carex. Cat. (1884.) Arctic sea-coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) * * Bracts foliaceous. Grein. (2522.) C. Backii, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 210, (1840.) C. Willdenovii, Gray, Gram. & Cyp. II., No. 169, in part. Not uncommon on dry, grassy and rocky places ; in open woods a i d thickets. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.') Port Colborne, Ont. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Carleton Place, Ont.; dry ground at Belleville and Shannonville, Hastings Co. ; Bald Island, Balsam Lake, Victoria Co.; Nipigon River, north of Lake Superior; Portage la Prairie, and thickets near Brandon, and Rapid City, Man.; valley of the Fraser River, at Boston Bar, B.C. (Macoun.) On the Saskatche- River, at Cumberland House and Fort CarJeton ; Lake Winnipeg and Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2523.) C. Willdenovii, Schk. (1806); Pursh, Fl. I., 39, (1814.) On a sandy island in the Lake of the Woods, near the mouth of Rainy River, 1872. (Macoun.) (2524.) C. Ste.udelii, Kunth. Enum. PI. II., 480, (1837.) C. Willdenovii, var. Muhl. Gram. 230, (1817.) On banks along Lake Erie, at Port Stanley ; chiefly on clay bluffs west of the railway terminus, 1882. (Macoun.) (2525.) C. Ceyeri, Boott, Linn. Trans. XX., 18, (1846.) Western summit of North Kootanie Pass Rocky Mountains, 1883.. (Dawson.) 8 114 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. II. Spike composed of sessile and androgynous, or rarely dioecious spikelets. Stigmas II. * Spikes dioecious, or the spikelets androgynous with the male and female flowers irregularly intermixed. (2526.) C. bromoides, Schk. (1802); Pursh, Fl. I., 35, (1814); Hook., Fl. II., 212. Swamps and wet grassy places ; rather rare. Marsh near Truro, N.S. ' (Macoun.) Pollet Biver and Portage, Petitcodiac; Arthurette, and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Common in swamps at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Piece of damp woods east of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Swamps near Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logie.) Bogs and swamps at London, and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) British America ; Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2527.) C. Siccata, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 278, (1826) : Hook., Fl. II., 212. C.pallida, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. No. 21, (1830.) Dry gravelly, or sandy soil, having a wide range to the north-west- ward. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Grand Trunk gravel pit, near Prescott, and woodlands west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Dry thickets east and west of Belleville, Ont.; Eice Lake Plains, and sandy ground generally throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicin- ity of London, Ont. ; Lake of the Woods, and Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Red River prairie, lat. 49°. (Dawson.) Stony Mountain, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) East coast of Lake Nipigon, and at the Pic and Michipicotin rivers, Lake Superior ; Point Meuron, and Kakabeka Falls, Kaminis- tiqua Eiver; very abundant in many parts of the prairie region, especially on gravelly slopes ; common on dry hill-sides, at Morley and westward to Canmore in the Eocky Mountains ; abundant around •Cache Creek, and on the dry slopes near Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Macoun.) Methy Portage and Saskatchewan Eiver. (Richardson.) Pelly Eiver, lat. 63°. N.W.T. (Dawson.) Cumberland House, Saskatchewan Eiver ; Lake Winnipeg and Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2528.) C. disticha, Hudson, Fl. Angl., 403, (1762.) C. intermedia, Good. Linn. Trans. II., 154, (1792) ; Hook., Fl. II., 212. a Sartwellii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIIL, 90, (1842.) Marshes and margins of bogs, rather local. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Eiver side, Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Ditch along the G. T. Eailway, between the wooden bridges, Belleville ; also on Bleecker's Farm, west of the college, and on Ferry Point, south of Belleville Ont. ; abundant CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 115 in marshes, from Winnipeg westward and northward to the Rocky Mountains ; rather common in marshes and on the borders of ponds at Morley and westward to Canmore, within the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Fort Carleton, on the Saskatchewan River. (Hooker, Fl.) (2529.) C. Douglasii, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 213, (1840.) C. Nuttattii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIIL, 92, (1842.) C. MeeM, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIV., 48, (1857.) C. Douglasii var. minor, Olney, Bot King's Exp. V., 363, (1871.) C. Fendleriana, Boeckeler, Linnsea XXXIX., 135, (1875.) (7. Douglasii, var. dmsi-spicata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXXII., 41, (1861.) Abundant on dry sand or gravel,- creeping like C. siccata amongst loose stones and throwing up stems at intervals. In the Qu'Appelle valley at Fort Ellice, and for many miles to the west ; on sand-hills west of Moose Jaw, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) Souris Plain, near Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Red River prairie, lat. 49°, Man. (Dawson.) (2530.) C. marcida, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 212, (1840.) Very abundant on the whole prairie region, from the margin of the woods on the east, to the Rocky Mountains, and northward through the whole Saskatchewan country. (Macoun.) Souris Plain, Assini- boia. (J". M. Macoun.) Red River, Man. ; in a prairie swamp. (Dawson.) Abundant in marshy meadows at Morley, and westward to Castle Mountain within the Rocky Mountains; margins of ponds at Kam- loops and Cache Creek, B.C. (Macoun.} (2531.) C. Cayana, Desv. Fl. Chili, 205. Not uncommon in mountain marshes at Kananaskis Station, Rocky Mountains, lat. 51°, 1885. (Macoun.) * * Spikelets androgynous, aggregated, or partly aggregated at the top of the stem. t Spikelets male at top. (2532.) C. vulpinoidea, Michx., Fl. I., 69, (1803.) C. multiflora, Muhl. (1805); Hook., Fl. II., 212; Pursh, Fl. I, 36. C. setacea, Dew. Sill. Journ. IX., 61, (1825.) C. scabrior, Sartw.; Dew. Sill. Journ. VIII., 349, (1849.) C. vulpinseformis, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth., 9, (1843.) C. bracteosa, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. multijlora, var. microsperma, Dew. Sill. Journ. XL, 317, (1826.) Abundant in many places throughout eastern Canada. Near St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) NearAndover; Hampton, N.B. (Brittain.) \ 116 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Lower Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Wetmore.) Beaumont, Beauport and La Canardiere, Q. (St. Cyr) Near Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Montreal Mountain. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.) Abundant in wet meadows throughout central Ontario, and westward to the last portage on Nipigon River, north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Boggy ground,. London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Black River, Lake Winnipeg, (J. M. Macoun.) Nelson River, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) (2533.) C. teretlUSCUla, Good., Linn. Trans. II., 163, (1792); Hook., Fl. IT., 213. C. teretiuscula, var. major, Koch., Fl. Germ., 867. C. paniculata, var. teretiuscula, Wahl. (1803) ; Torr. Cyp. 390. Rather common in marshes and by lake margins from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Bogs, Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun ) Swamps, Kouchibouguac, and Salmon rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton,. N.B. (Chalmers.) Bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti, and at Fox River, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Oit.) Com- mon in marshes at Prescott, Ont. (Billings) Common in marshes along the Bay of Quinte, and in all tamarack swamps, and by ponds throughout central Ontario ; Blackwater River, Lake Nipigon, north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.} Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess. Mill- man.) Lake Mistassini, and Rupert River, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) York Factory, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) In marshes and on the margins of ponds through the Rocky and Selkirk mountains, and westward through British Columbia to the coast; in swamps and marshes near Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan, and westward to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooktr, Fl.) Var. ramosa, Boott. 111., 145, (1858.) C.prairea, Dew., Wood's Botany, 750, (1861.) C.paradoxa, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 213, (1840.) Generally westward, * especially in Ihe prairie region. Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; marshy border of Round Lake, Peter- boro Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Very common in marshes throughout Manitoba and westward over the whole of the great plains, and foot-hills of the Rocky Moun- tains, and northward to Lake Athabasca ; occasionally in the Rocky Mountains, at Castle Mountain and in the Columbia Valley ; borders of marshes and lakes at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Qualicum, Nanaimo and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Marshes near Victoria, Van- couver Island. (Fletcher) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 117 (2534.) C. Stipata, Muhl. Cat. (1805) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 35. C. vulpinoidea, Torr. (1836) ; Hook., Fl. II., 212. C. Crus-corvi, Shuttle worth ; Sommers, Cat., Nova Scotia Plants. Very common in ditches and wet meadows, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Halifax, and Anna- polis, N.S. (Macoun.) Near Bedford, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou Co., and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) Common at Bass Elver ; Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lower Tobique Elver, N.B. (Hay.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Chalmers.) Tadousac, mouth of Saguenay Biver, Q. (Barmton.) Water Cove, Saguenay River, Pentecost River, and Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Murray Bay, River St. Lawrence; also St. Andrews, Q. (Me G-ill Coll. Herb.) Wet meadows near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Por- ter.) Abundant in meadows and ditches throughout central Ontario and extending westward to Lake Nipigon, at the mouth of the Blackwater River. (Macoun.) Swamps, vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Swamps at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Muskeg Creek, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Marshy places along Lake Winnipegoosis, and at Swan Lake House, Man. ; Columbia Valley, at Donald, B.C. ; in ditches at Somenos, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Wet places, Agassjz Station, B.C. (Fletcher.) (2535.) C. alopecoidea, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth., 18, (1843.) C. alopecoidea, var. sparsi-spicata, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIII., 350, (1849,) C. cephalophora, var. maximi, Daw. Sill. Journ. XLIIL, 92, (1842.) Very rare in Canada. Only collected hitherto in Manitoba. Turtle Mountain, Man., near lat. 49°, 1874. (Burgess. Dawson.) (2536.) C. sparganioides, Muhl. Cat. (1805); Pursh, Fl. I., 36. C. cephalophora, /?. Torr. Cyp. 389, (1836.) C. sparganioides, var. minor, Boott. 111., No. 284. C. muricata, var. cephaloidea, Dew. Sill. Journ. XI., 308, (1326.) Grassy thickets, and by fences ; chiefly in western Ontario. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's woods, and in fields, not common, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Open grassy woods and along fences; scarce at Belleville, Ont. ; abundant in rich low woods, near Amherstburgh, Lake Erie, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton* •Ont. (Logie.) Low meadows, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2537.) C. macrocephala, Willd.; Hook., Fl. II., 215, (1840.) C. Menziesiana, Smith, Herb. Growing in sand on Savary Island, Gulf of Georgia, B.C., 1885. '(Dawson.) This is a most remarkable species, and has a very striking 118 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. appearance. Like most plants growing in sea-sand, it is short and stout. (Macoun.) North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) (2538.) C. cephaloidea, Boott, 111. 123, (1858.) Sandy woodland near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2539.) C. cephalophora, Muhl. (1805) ; Hook., PI. II., 212. Not uncommon in Ontario, in grassy thickets from Belleville west- ward. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Thickets, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.') Var. angustifolia, Boott. 111., 123, (1858.) C Leavenworthii, Dew. Sill. Journ. II., 246, (1846.) In abundance in rocky and grassy thickets on Pele*e Island, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) (2540.) C. Muhlenbergii, Schk. (1806) ; Pursh, PL I., 36; Hook.,. Fl. II., 212. Rather uncommon in grassy thickets and open woods. On a ridge near Marmora Village, Hastings Co. ; Pele'e Point, Lake Erie, and Port Dover Junction, near St. Thomas, Ont. (Macoun.') Meadows near- London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Hudson Bay. (Torrey.) (2541.) C. Brongniartii, Kunth. var. densa, Bailey, Carex, Syn., No. 241, (1886.) C. anthericaides, Presl. ; Hook., Fl. II., 211. (?) C. paniculata, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 232, (1880.) Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island. (Hooker, Fl.} (2542.) C. leiorhyncha, C. A. Meyer, Gyp. Nov. (1830.) Along the Pacific coast, probably from Oregon northward. (Bailey, .}• Specimens referred here were gathered at Yale, British Columbia, May, 1875. (Macoun.} (2543.) C. muricata, Linn., var. gracilis, Boott, 111., 193, (1858.) C. Hookeriana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 248, (1836) ; Hook., Fl. II., 212. Abundant in many parts of the prairie region, but particularly in the Qu'Appello Valley and at Moose Jaw, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) Carleton House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 119' Var. conflxa, Bailey, Coulter's, Bot. Gaz. X., 203, (1885.) C. Hoodii, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 232, in part, (1880.) C. muricata, Hook., Fl. II., 212, (?) (1840.) Oregon, and northward into British America. (Bailey.) North West coast. (Hooker, FL} We have seen no specimens. (2544.) C. rosea, Schk. (1806) ; Pursh, Fl. L, 36 ; Hook., PI. II., 212. Abundant in thickets in many parts of the eastern provinces and Ontario. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) North Mountain, Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.} Petitcodiac, and Portage, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Nepisiquit Eiver, N. B. (Hay.} Vicinity of Calumetr Q. (Ami.) Stewart's Bush, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Moist woods and along the margins of fences and in new meadows throughout central Ontario, and westward to Lake Huron, at Owen Sound. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Thickets at London, Ont. ; Emerson, and Turtle Mountain, Man. (Burgess.) In a swamp, Bed River Valley, Man. (Dawson.) Lake Winnipeg. (Bourgeau.) Var. radiata, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 276, (1826.) C. neglecta, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth., 19, (1843.) C. rosea, var. minor, Boott. 111., 81, (1858.) Open grassy woods, at Picton, Prince Edward Co. ; damp woods at Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. ; at Niagara Falls, in oak woods, and in woods at Ambers tburgh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Var. retroflexa, Torrey, Cyp. 383, (1836.) C. retroflexa, Muhl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 35 ; Hook., Fl. II., 212 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2050. British America. (Torrey.} Moist woods, William Anderson's Farm,. Ameliasburgh, Prince Edward Co., Ont. (Macoun.} (2545.) C. Hoodii, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 211, (1840.) C. congesta, C. A. Meyer, vide, Boott. In grassy thickets, Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.} Nachacco Eiver, and McLeod's Lake, northern British Columbia, lat. 55°. (Macoun.} (2546.) C. incurva, Lightf. (1777); Hook., Fl. II., 211. On the summit of the mountain which rises north from Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.} Cumberland House, Bear Lake, and Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.} Valley of the Mackenzie Eiver. (Richardson.} Greenland. (Lange.) 120 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2547.) C. Stenophylla, Vahl. (1803); Hook., Fl. II., 211. C. durimcula, C. A. Meyer, Gyp. Nov., 214, (1831.) Not uncommon throughout the prairie region, from Portage la Prairie westward to Kananaskis Station in the Kocky Mountains. '(Macoun.) Prairie west of Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson.) Carleton House, on the Saskatchewan ; Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) <2548.) C. chordorhiza, Ehrh.j Hook., Fl. II., 211. C.fulvicoma. Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 249, (1836) ; Hook., Fl. II., 211. Peat bogs and marshes, generally northward. Shippegan, N.B. '(Hay.) Lakeville, Carleton Co., N.B. (J3rittain.) Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti; marsh at the mouth of the Kaministiqua, on the left bank. (Macoun.) Marshes, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.} Peat marsh, Telegraph Trail, lat. 54°, B.C. (Macoun.} Hudson Bay to Cumberland House ; Lake Winnipeg, Norway House and Cumberland House, Saskatchewan River. (Hooker, Fl) f t Spikelets male at bottom. (2549.) C. festlva, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 246, (1836) j Hook., Fl. II., 215. C. oreades, C. A. Meyer, Bull. Acad. Brux. IX., 248, '(1842). Very abundant from the prairie region westward to the Pacific coast, in thickets and meadows. White Mud Eiver, 49th parallel: Michel Creek, Crow Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) In coulees and willow clumps, Cypress and Eagle Hills, and northward to Lesser Slave Lake ; common in damp meadows and thickets, from Morley through the Rocky and Selkirk mountains, and northward in British Columbia; very abundant in meadows and thickets throughout Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cumberland House to Bear Lake ; Hocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Fraser River, near Yale,. B.C. •(Fletcher.) Lake Lindeman, lat. 59°, B.C. (Dawson.) Shuswap Lake, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. Haydeniana, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 234, (1880.) C. Haydeniana, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 364, (1871.) On the summits of the higher Rocky Mountains, from Castle Mt. to Kicking Horse Lake. (Macoun.) Var. gracilis, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad., 407, (1872.) On the beds of " snow slides" at the summit of the Selkirk Moun- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 121 tains, and at Golden City, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. ; abundant in meadows and thickets in many parts of Vancouver Island, especially at Victoria and Nanaimo. (Macoun.) (2550.) C. athrostachya, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad. VII.,~393, (mi.) Grassy thickets and meadows, growing in large clumps. Abundant in the Cypress and Bear Hills, Alberta; in British Columbia, at McLcod's Lake, lat. 55° ; quite common in meadows and thickets in the neighborhood of Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Maeoun.) (2551.) C. sychnocephala, Carey, Sill. Journ. IV., 24, (1847.) C. cyperoides, Dew. Sill. Journ. III., 171, (1847.) Quite common in many localities in Ontario and the prairie region. Always found growing in tufts in ditches and wet, sandy places. Ditches along the Canadian Pacific railway, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Near the Freight House, Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Millpond, Madoc Village ; in a meadow along the Moira Eiver, Mar- mora township, and along Crow Eiver, near Marmora village, all in Hastings Co. ; abundant along the Port Hope and Lindsay Eailroad, three miles south of Lindsay ; border of a swamp five miles from Owen Sound, on the road to Southampton, Ont. ; abundant on the margin of ponds, from Manitoba westward to near Battleford, on Battle Eiver. (Macoun.) Quite common in gravel and wet sand, on the west shore of Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) * * * Spikelets distinct or nearly so. f Spikelets male at top. (2552.) C. tenella, Schkuhr, Eiedgr. 104, (1801.) C. disperma, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIII., 266, (1824) ; Hook., Fl. II., 211. C. gracilis, Gray, Sill. Journ. IV., 22, (1847.) Abundant in cedar swamps and wet woods generally, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) Truro, and sphagnum swamp at the head of the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Near Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Damp shady woods. Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Bogs at Salt Lake and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Madeline Eiver, Gasps', Q. (Porter.) Eecollet Swamp, Montreal. (C. F. McUrea.) Abundant at Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Dow's Swamp and other places at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marshy 122 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. swamp near Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, (Porter.) Cedar swamps and borders of ponds throughout central Ontario, and to Lake Superior and all the northern forest region. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Swampy ground, Komoka, Ont. (Millman.) Swamps at London, Ont. ; and Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) York Factory, Hudson Bay ; Oba Lake, Ont. (R. Bell.) Eastern summit of North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) In swamps in northern Manitoba, and north-westward to Peace Eiver, lat. 56°; common in swamps at Morley and westward through the Bocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Yalley ;.. northward through British Columbia to McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°; rare on Vancouver Island, only noted on Mount Mark, near Qualicum. (Macoun.) Common in British America • to the Kooky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) t t Spikelets male at bottom. (2553.) C. trisperma, Dew. Sill. Journ. IX., 63, (1825) ; Hook.,, Fl. II., 213. Abundant in bogs eastward from Lake Superior. Sphagnum swamp, Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Swamps and woods, Bass Eiver ; Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Lakes, N.B. (Brittain.) Swamps, Cape Eosier, and Grand Vallee, Gasp6 coast ; Mount Albert, Shichshock Mountains, Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, and west point of Mingan Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Swamps, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in swamps at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Cedar swamps throughout central Ontario, and westward to the country around Lake Superior and Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Swamps at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Cumberland House and Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2554.) C.Lremota, Linn. Sp. PL, Ed. II., 1383, (1757.) Eesembles tall and lax forms of 0. canescens, but differs in the much scattered spikes. Newfoundland, according to Gay, and Sitka, accord- ing Flora Eossica. ^(Bailey, Carex, Syn. 145.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2555.) C. tenuiflora, Wahl. (1803); Hook., Fl. II., 214. Swamps and peaty meadows, not common. Tobique Eiver ; Petit- codiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) MerBleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Swamp, five*miles*west of Belleville, and in a cedar swamp beyond the Jordan, Hastings Eoad, Ont. ; Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nipigon ; and in peat bogs at Bed Eock, Port Arthnr, and Fort William, west of Lake Superior, and at Otter Head, on the east coast; in wet woods,. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 123- Swan Lake House, Man. (Macoun.} Borders of a peat bog near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman) Canada to Norway House, Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.) (2556.) C. canescens, Linn. Sp. IT., 974, (1757.) C.curta, Good. (1792); HcoV., Fl. II., 214 £Pursh, Fl. I., 37; Michx., Fl. I., (1803.) C. vitilis, var. pallida, Olney, Bot King's Exp. V., 364, (1871.) Very common under various forms in bogs and swamps from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Sell') Coast of Labrador. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.} Common in bogs at Truro, Windsor, and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun. & Burgess.} Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Common at Bass Eivor ; Lily Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Chipman, KB. (Wetmore.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T.Drummond.) Swamps, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Common in swamps at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Marshy spots in meadows, along margins of ponds, and in peat bogs, through- out central and northern Ontario to Lake Nipigon, and west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.} Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess.} Wet places, Emerson, Man. (Millman.} Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) North end of Lake Winnipeg. (R. Bell.) Apparently rare in the Eocky Mountains, only observed at Kicking Horse Lake, and at Six Mile Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains; bogs northward up the Eraser Eiver, B.C. (Macoun.) Ilgacho Brook, B. C. (Dawson) On the borders of ponds and lakes throughout Vancouver Island, though far from common. (Macoun.) Arctic sea-coast and Methy Portage. (Richardson.) Common in British America. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask) Greenland. (Lange.) A curious form, with the spikes gathered in a glomerate almost triangular head, was collected at Langford Lake, Vancouver Island, in Juno, 1887. Var. vulgaris, Bailey, ined. (1888.) C- canescens, var. alpicola, American authors, in part. Differs from the species in its more slender culm, and laxer habit, its small spikes and usually smaller and spreading perigynia. The commonest form of C. canescens. Abundant in swamps and wet meadows. Common through the Northern States, east of the Mississippi and adja- cent Canada. (Bailey.) Common at Bass Eiver, Carleton Co., and rather common at Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bogs at Salt Lake and Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (Macoun.) St. Charles Island, Mingan, and Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Bogs, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher. Fl. Ott) Cedar swamps, Dummer, Peterboro Co. ; north-east coast or 124 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Or CANADA. Lake Superior, and in swamps at Port Arthur, Thunder Bay ; Nipigon River, Lake Superior. (Mawun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (•/. M. Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Abundant in marshes at Swan Lake House, and around the Porcupine Mountain, Man.; Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; swamps near McLeod's Lake, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.') It is probable that some of the above references belong to the next variety, as we have not seen the specimens. Var. alpicola, Wahl. C. sphxrostycha, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIX., 44, (1845.) C. canescens, var. mtilis, Macoun Cat. No. 1968, in part, (1878.) Smaller than the species (seldom over a foot high), the culm stiff in most alpine forms, more or less slender in the subalpine forms ; spikes small and globular, or nearly so, well defined brown or tawny. Alpine or subalpine, across the continent. (B' Urban.) Common around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in meadows at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Meadows near Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Very common in low wet meadows, growing in large tufts, throughout central Ontario, and extending westward to the west side of Lake Superior, and Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low mea- dows at London, Ont. (Burgess, Millman.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Muskeg. Creek, and Washoe Bay, Lake Winnipeg. (<7. M. Macoun.) Nelson and Echima- mish rivers, Keewatin. (R, Bell.) Westward from Winnipeg to Fort Carleton, on the Saskatchewan. (Macoun.) Lakes Superior, Huron, "Winnipeg, and Athabasca. (Richardson.) Common in British America. (Hooker, Fl) (2572.) C. straminea, Schk. (1801); Hook, Fl. II, 215. C. leporina, Pursb, Fl. I, 36, (1814.) C. straminea, var. brevior, Dew. Sill. Journ. XI, 158, (1827.) C. straminea, var. minor, Dew. Sill. Journ. XI, 318, (1827.) C. straminea, vars. Crawei & Meadii, Boott. 111. 121. In the arrangement of the various Canadian forms of this species we have followed Bailey's Carex Synopsis chiefly, but for convenience and the sake of greater accuracy in t.he determination, we still retain some of the older varieties placed by him under the species. Var. ty pica, is distinguished by its stiff, erect culm, seldom two feet high, and always growing in dry places. Often in large clumps amongst rocks, or on dry prairies. Leaves quite short; spikelets sel- dom over five and usually at the top of the culm. Fields, Glenelg, Guysboro Co, N.S. (Faribault.) Kouchibouguacis; McAdam Junc- tion, and Frederiction Junction, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Dry rocks, Shannonville, Hastings Co. ; 132 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Massassagua Point, near Belleville ; and on dry rocks, Tudor, North Hastings, Ont., and Livingstone Point, Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Woods near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Very abundant on, the dry prairie west of Winnipeg, at Brandon, File Hills, Long Lake,. Moose Jaw Creek, Old Wives Lakes, and westward to the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. ; and Nelson River, Keewatin. (Jl. Bell.} Turtle Mountain, Man., and South Antler Creek, Assiniboia. (Burgess.) Stony Mountain, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) Var. tenera, Boott, 111. 120. C. tenera, Olney, Car. Bor. Am. (ined.) This form is distinguished by its weak culm, longer leaves,'much- . smaller spikelets and its different habit. Its usual habitat is damp meadows, where it grows in large clumps. It is distinguished from var. aperta by its erect culms and smaller spikelets. Kent Co., N.B. ; rather rare. (Fowler, Oat.) Windsor, and Pictou, N.S. (Macoun.') Casselman, and Billing's Bridge, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Ft. Ott.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Common in wet meadows in central Ontario, extending westward to Port Arthur, and Fort William, Thunder Bay, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Observation Point, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant in damp soil, from Winnipeg westward to Manitoba House, Lake Manitoba, Brandon, File Hills, and the Elbow of the South Saskatchewan. (Macoun^ Lake Winnipeg. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. festucacea, Boott, 111. 120. C.festucacea, Willd. (1805) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 38 ; Hook., Fl. II., 215. Heads larger than the preceding, usually more scattered, slightly tapering to the base ; perigynia long-beaked, and slightly spreading. St. John, and Digdeguash, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) In meadows at Bad- deck, Cape Breton. (Macoun. Burgess.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Banks of the Rivie're Rouge, at Bevin's Lake, Argentcuil Co., Q. (D1 Urban.) Rather common in low wet meadows at Belle- ville, and westward through Ontario to Thunder Bay, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Woodstock, Ont. (Millman.) London, and Parry Sound v Ont.' (Burgess.) Var. f cenea, Torrey, Cyp. 395, (1836.) C.fcenea, Willd. Enum. PI. Hort. Berol. 957, (1809.) C. straminea, var. chlorostachys, Boeckeler, Linnsea XXXIX., 118, (1875.) We have no Canadian specimens of this variety except one from Olney, which he obtained from Prof. Fowler, of Queen's College, King- ston, Ont., in 1870, collected in Kent Co., New Brunswick. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 133 Var. alata, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) C. alata, Torr. Gyp. 396, (1836.) C. alata, var. pulchra, Olney, Exsicc. L, 14, (1870.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co., N.B., 1870. (Prof. Fowler vide Olney.) _Not "uncommon in thickets west of Portage la Prairie, Man. (Macoun.) Var. mixta, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 151, (1886.) C. lagopodioides, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 237, (1880.) C. adusta, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 238, (1880.) This variety is the representative of G. straminea on Vancouver Island. It is rather rare, being observed only on Cedar Hill, and at Uanaimo, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Var. moniliformis, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth., 17, (1843.) C.fcenea, var. (?) sabulonum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 580, (1868.) C. silicea, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad. VII., 393, (1868.) C. straminea, var. silicea, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) This variety is intended to include only the maritime form on the Atlantic coast. Sand beach, South Bar, North Sydney, Cape Breton ; on the beach, Point Pleasant, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Sand beaches on the coast at Kouchibouguac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) IT Anse a Griffon, G-aspe* coast. (Macoun.) Var. aperta, Boott, 111. 120. C. tenera, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIIL, 97, (1824.) C. tenera, var. major, Olney, Exsicc. II., 15, (1870.) C. straminea, var. tenera, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. X., 381, (1885.) This form is very little known in Canada, but is very likely common in the eastern provinces, and taken either for the type or var. tenera. It is distinguished from my tenera by its globular spikelets disposed in a loose nodding head, with a long setaceous bract at the base of the lower one. In damp meadows near Casseiman, thirty miles south of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) (2573.) C. leporina, Linn., var. Americana, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad., 407, (1872.) C.petasata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 246, (1836) ; Hook., Fl. II., 214. C.ovalis, Good.; Hook., Fl. II., 214, (1840.) Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) Abundant in British Columbia, at Yale, Cache Creek, Clinton, and northward to the Nachacco, and Fort McLeod, lat. 55°; also on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Stikine Eiver, above the Canon, and at 'Telegraph Creek, lat. 58°, B.C. (Dawson.) Oimalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) 134 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. III. Uppermost spikelet androgynous, male at base; the others female* * Stigmas II. (2574.) C. bicolor, Allioni, Fl. Fed. II., 26*7 ; Hook., Fl. II., 216. • Greenland, and Labrador. (Hooker, Fl.*) Greenland. (Lange.) We- have Eocky Mountain specimens of C. aurea, which have black scales with a white centre, which approach this, but the beak of the fruit is that of the latter species. * * Stigmas III. (2575.) C. Buxbaumii, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 163, (1802.) C. canescens, Hook., Fl. IT., 216, (1840.) Bogs and beaver meadows ; not uncommon from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Bog at the head of the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. ; bogs at Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Restigouche, near the mouth of the Upsalquitch ; Lily Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Near St. John, N.B. (Burgess.) Salt Lake, and Jupiter River, Anticosti ; Point Fame, and Matane, Gasps' coast, Q. (Macoun.) Bogs, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Beaver meadow, bor- der of Hooper's Lake, Tudor, Hastings Co. ; Red Bay, Lake Huron ;. Sturgeon Lake, Nipigon River ; on rocks at the head of the rapid Current River, Port Arthur, and on marshy ground at Pic River, and Otter Head, east coast Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Bogs, near King- ston, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) In mountain meadows, and bogs from Morley westward through the Rocky Mountains to Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains ; shores of Home Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada to Cum- berland House, on the Saskatchewan ; Lake Winnipeg, near Norway House; Observatory Inlet> and Sitka. (Hooker, F I.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2576.) C. Cmelini, Hook., Bot, Eeechy's Voy., 118, (1834) ; Hook., Fl. II., 216. Oregon to Alaska. (Bailey.) North West coast, and Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka, Ounalashka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay. Specimen sent from British Museum.) (2577.) C. Mertensii, Prescott, (1833); Hook., Fl. II., 217. C. Columbian^ Dew. Sill. Journ. XXX., 62, (1836.) One of the finest carices we have, and even worthy of a place in our- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 135 gardens. Growing in tufts by mountain streams, and on the Pacific coast. Washington territory, and northward to Sitka. (Bailey.) Abundant by streams in the valleys of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; in stream beds on Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, alt. 2,500 feet. (Macoun) Pitt Kiver, B.C. (Hill) Shores of Burrard Inlet, Van- couver city, B. C. (Prof. Fowler.) North West coast to Sitka. (Hooker, FL) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Eothr. Alask.) Port Etches,, Sitka. (Barclay.) (2578.) C. atrata, Linn., Sp. PI. 976, (1753) ; Hook., Fl. II., 216. On mountains and by rivers and lakes in the northern forest region. Madawaska and Tobique rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Gat.) Nicatau Lake,. N.B. (Hay.) Near Jupiter Kiver, and at Becscie Eiver, Anticosti ; in fields, Gaspe Basin; and along the Ste. Anne des Monts Eivei% Gaspe, Q. (Macoun) Table-top Mountain, and Madeline Eiver, Gaspe\ Q. (Porter.) Temiscouata, Q. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Hayes Eiver, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Shore of Current Eiver, at Port Arthur, Lake Superior ; high hills near Lesser Slave Lake, and at Peace Eiver Canon, lat. 56 ; quite common in grassy places, from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) Along Belly Eiver, lat. 49°. (Burgess.) Damp wood, Camp Akamina, Eocky Mountains, lat. 49°. (Dawson.) Goose Creek Mountain, five miles from Keithly, B.C.^ alt. 5,800 feet. (Bowman) Eocky Mountains to arctic America. (Hooker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Frances Eiver, near lat. 61°, north of British Columbia. (Dawson.) Var. nigra, Boott, 111. 114. C. nigra, All. Fl. Fed. II., 267; Hook., Fl. II., 224, (1840.) Apparently rare or overlooked in Canada. On the higher mountain slopes and summits of the Eocky Mountains westward from Castle Mountain to the Selkirk Mountains, at Eoger's Pass, B.C. ; Stewart's Lake Mountain, B.C., lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Labrador. (Schweinitz, Torrey vide Hooker, Fl.) Var. ovata, Boott, 111. 114. C. ovata, Rudge, Linn. Trans. VII. , 96, (1804) ; Hook., Fl. II., 216. Newfoundland, and Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2579.) C. heteroneura, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 239. (1880.) Summit of the South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, 1881. (Daw- son.) Only a few specimens were obtained, but these accord well with 136 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the description. The light colored auricles of the bracts, and white perigynia with a purple emarginate tip, separate it from the var. erecta of the preceding species. (2580.) C. alpina, Swartz. Lilj. Svensk. Fl., Ed. II., 26. C. Vahlii, Schk. ; Hook., Fl. II., 216, (1840.) C. media, R Br., App. Frankl. Narr., 763, (1823.) C. alpina, var. nigrescens. Olney, Cat. Wheeler's PI., 53. Not uncommon northward, or on mountains. Crevices of rocks at Jupiter Biver, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti; fall of Ste. Anne des Monts, at the base of Mount Albert, Q. ; shores of Lake Nipigon, and the shore of Lake Superior, at Port Arthur, Ont. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.} Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Wet woods, Swan Lake House, Man. ; woods along the route from Edmonton to Peace River and at Lake Athabasca; occasionally met with in the Rocky Mountains, westward to Kicking Horse Lake ; mountain woods at McLeod's Lake, B.C., lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Common in British America to Arctic coast ; Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.} Lewes River, lat. 62°, north of British Columbia. (Dawson.) (2581.) C. Parryana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVIIL, 239, (1835); Hook., Fl. II., 216, in part. C. arctica, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVIL, 239, (1835.) C. Hallii, Olney, Hayden's Rep. 496, (1871.) Abundant in the northern part of the prairie region, extending from Portage la Prairie by Fort Ellice, Touchwood Hills, Fort Carleton, and Edmonton, to Lac la Nun, near the Athabasca River; rather rare along the Bow River, at Morley. (Macoun.} Carleton Fort. (Hooker, FL) In the prairie region all the specimens have the terminal spike- let androgynous ; in some of those from Lac la Nun, it is entirely staminate, and in others androgynous. (2582.) C. virescens, Muhl. (1806) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 39, (1814.) C. costata, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. virescens, var. elliptica. Olney, Exsicc. III., 21, (1870.) In open grassy woods, western Ontario. Quite common in open woods, Niagara Falls, Essex Centre, and Amherstburgh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Low woods, near Leamington, Essex Co. ; and Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 137 (2583.) C. triceps, Michx. Fl. L, 170, (1803); Pursh, Fl. I., 40. C. hirwta, Willd. ; Hook., Fl. II., 216, (1840.) C. viridula, Schwein. & Torr. Car. Mon., 320, (1824.) C. hirguta, var. pedunwtata, Schwein. & Torr. Car. Mon. 323, (1824.) C. complanata, Torr. & Hook., Monogr. 408, (1836.) C. Smithii, Porter ; Olney, Exsicc. L, 28, (1870.) C. Bolliana, Boeckeler, Flora, 40, (1878.) Rather rare in western Ontario, or overlooked. Abundant in rocky thickets, Queenstown Heights, and Poster's Flats, near the whirlpool, Niagara Palls. (Macoun.} (2584.) C. gracillima, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823); Hook. Fl. II, 217. C. digitalis, Schwein. & Torr. Car. Mon. 324, (1824.) Abundant in open woods and meadows. Woods at Truro, Windsor, and Yarmouth, N.S.; North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.} New- foundland. (Reeks.} Bass River, Kent Co. ; Tobique River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Frye's Island, N.B. (Hay.*) Petitcodiac, and Clifton, N.B. (Brittain.} Rather common at Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.} Common in meadows at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.} Very common from Carleton Place westward to Belleville, Owen Sound, and thence to Kakabeka Falls, thirty miles west of Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.} Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Wet meadows, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millinan.} Canada to Norway House, north end of Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.} (2585.) C. formosa, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIII., 97, (1824.) Apparently very rare in Canada. Found in profusion in a meadow on the right bank of the Moira, near the paper mill, Belleville, Ont., June 18, 1867. Never collected since 1873. (2586.) C. squarrosa, Linn, Sp. PL 973, (1753.) C. lyphina, Michx., Fl. L, 169, (1803.) C. typhinoides, Schweinitz, An. Tab, (1823.) This species seems confined to a restricted area in western Quebec and Eastern Ontario. Low sandy beach, Buckingham, Ottawa River, Q. (Ami.} Duck Island, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.} III. Spikelets sometimes all staminate at the tip, or with one androgynous or altogether staminate. * Stigmas II. or III. {2587.) C. petricosa, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX, 246, (1836) ; Hook, Fl. II, 216. Summits of the Rocky Mountains, between lat. 54°-56°. (Drum- 138 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. mond.) Drummond collected in the Eocky Mountains, between the sources of the Athabasca and Peace Eiver. The latter river leaves the mountains in lat. 56° 12', so that all his mountain species were gather- ed south of lat. 56°. (Macoun.) (2588.) C. Franklinii, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 217, t. 218, (1840.) Rocky mountains, about lat. 56°. (Drummond.) (2589.) C. misandra, E. Br., Suppl. Parry's Voy., 283, (1823.) C. fuliginosa, Sternb. & Hoppe. ; Hook., Fl. II., 224, (1840.) C. misandra, var. elatior, Lange, Fl. Green., 140, (1880.) -Arctic sea-coast. (Richardson.) Eepulse Bay, and arctic coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Throughout Arctic America. (Bailey.) Port Kennedy, Baffin Bay. (Dr. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) Between Fort Churchill, and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (Dr. Rae.) Kotzebue Sound, and Norton Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Cape Chudleigh, Digge's Island, and the Eskimo Village of Hyla, Hudson Strait. (R. Sell.) (2590.) C, atrofusca, Schkuhr. Eiedgr. 106, f. 82, (1801.) C. ustulata, Wahl. ; Schk. f. 82, (1803) ; Hook., Fl. II., 224. Labrador. (Schweinitz & Torrey, vide Hooker, Fl.) (2591.) C. aurea, Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. PL II., 205, (1818); Hook., Fl. II., 226. C. mutwa, E. Br., Frankl. Narr. App. 763. (1823.) C. pyriformis, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. aurea var. androyyna, Olney, Exsicc. I., 15, (1870.) Common in wet meadows, and springy places from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Grassy places at Annapolis, Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Near St. John, Kennebeccasis Island, Andover, and Minister's Face, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lower Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Biviere de Brig, Anticosti; on rocks along the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gaspe", Q. (Macoun.) Ste. Genevieve Island, Mingan Island, and Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Madeline Eiver, Gaspe", Q. (Porter.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Field near Fort Wellington, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in cedar swamps and wet mea- dows throughout central and northern Ontario, to Eed Bay, Lake Huron, and around Lake Superior, where it is chiefly the androgynous form ; to Lake Nipigon, at Livingstone Point, and to Thunder Bay, at Port Arthur, and Fort William. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London ; Point aux Pins, Lake Erie ; and Port Arthur, Lake Superior ; Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 139 N.E.T. ; Severn Kiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. ; Knee Lake and Nelson Kiver, Keewatin. (E. Bell.) Lake of the Woods; South Kootanie Pass, and north fork of Old Man River, Kocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant on the prairie in wet spots from Winnipeg west- ward to the Kocky Mountains, and northward to Peace Kiver, lat. 58° ; in the foot-hills, and from Morley westward through the Kocky Moun- tains to Roger's Pass, in the Selkirk Mountains ; abundant in northern British Columbia, to Fort McLeod, lat. 55°; Somenos; and Qualicum, at Home Lake, Vancouver Island ; rather rare. (Macoun.*) Lake Winnipeg to Carleton House and the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Pelly Kiver, lat. 63°, north of British Columbia. (Dawson.) \ (2592.) C. albata, Bailey, in herb. Prof. Bailey considers this the American representative of C. frigida, Allioni. It is a most remarkable and distinct Carex, and can be recog- nized at once by its dark brown spikelets, and long, narrow, and spread- ing perigynia, Spikelets usually four, nearly all staminate at the apex ; scales brown, scarious-margined and blunt, and scarcely half as long as the tapering perigynium which is toothed at the apex. The lowest spikelet is generally long peduncled, and often four inches below the next one above, the two upper ones are so close together that they appear as one. Grathered in quantity on the borders of small ponds, Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, alt. 2,500 feet, July 27th, 1887. (Macoun.) (2593.) C. prasina, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV, 161, (1802. > C. miliacea, Muhl. (1806) ; Hook., Fl. II., 216 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2022. Growing in clumps in low wet places near springs in woods; rather rare. In a ravine on Simon Terrill's Farm, Brighton, Northumber- land Co., Ont. ; in thickets at Port Stanley, Elgin Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Low grounds, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) (2594.) C. debilis, Michx., Fl. I., 172, (1803.) C. tennis, Rudge, Linn., Trans. VIL, 97, (1804.) C.flexuosa, Muhl. ; Pursh, FJ. I., 43, (1814.) C. debilis, var. p., Boott. 111. 92. Not uncommon in woods and thickets in Nova Scotia, at Truro ; on McNab's Island at Halifax, and at Annapolis ; also abundant in grassy thickets at North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Bass River, Kent Co., and Fredericton ; Carleton Co. ; common at Salmon River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Newfoundland. (Reeks.) 140 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2595.) C. CEderi, Retz., Ehrh. Calam. Exsicc., No. 79; Hook., PI. II., 225, (1840.) C.flava, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I..41, (1814.) C. viridula, Michx., Fl. L, 170, (1803.) C.flava, var. lutescens, Wahl., Fl. Lapl., 234, (1812.) In gravel on river and lake margins, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Common along the river at Yarmouth, and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.} On the shore at Rothesay ; Carleton Co.; and Tobique River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Yicinity of Jupiter River, and at EHis Bay, Anticosti. (Macoun.) River margins at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Near Fort Wellington, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Shore of Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. (Millman.) West Rideau Lake, Ont. (Porter.*) Abundant in moist sand, Presqu'ile Point, and Wellington Beach, Lake Ontario; Gull River, at Balsam Rapids, and up to Minden, Victoria Co. ; Gull Lake, Konnebec, Addington Co.; also at Owen Sound, Ont.; Sault Ste. Marie, and around the east and north sides of Lake Superior, and northward to Lake Nipigon, at Nipigon House. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) London; Saugeen, Lake Huron; Parry Sound, Georgian Bay; Point aux Pins, and Blenheim, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Rainy River and Lake. (Richardson.} Rupert River, JST.E.T. ; and Severn River, Keewatin ; Hurricane Hills, west of Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant on the margins of salt ponds, from Winnipeg westward across the prairies to the Rocky Mountains ; rather common in marshes and around springs, from Mor- ley westward through the Rocky Mountains to Roger's Pass, in the Selkirk Mountains ; common on lake margins, at Cedar Hill, Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Niagara, Lake Winnipeg, and Hudson Bay. {Hooker, Fl.} Greenland. (Lange.) (2596.) C. flava, Linn., Sp. PL 975, (1753) ; Hook., Fl. II., 225. C. lepidocarpa, Tausch, Flora, 179, (1834.) C.flava, var. androgyna, Olney, Exsicc. III., 27, (1871.) Not uncommon in wet meadows, and by river margins, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Pictou, Truro, and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Common in damp meadows, St. John, ;and Bass River. N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique River, N.B. (Hay.) Jupiter River, Anticosti ; (androgynous form) and in abundance in meadows at Gasp£ Basin, Q. (Macoun.) Madeline River, Gaspe*, Q. (Porter.) Pentecost River, Q. (St. Cyr.) Beaver meadows, Partridge Lake, Grimsthorpe, North Hastings ; in great profusion in a meadow near Foxboro, Hastings Co. ; one mile north of Col borne, Northum- berland Co. ; beaver meadows, Lake Isaac, Bruce Peninsula ; marshy place, mouth of Current River, Port Arthur, Lake Superior; Nipigon CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 141 House, Lake Nipigon, north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Swampy river flat, London, Ont. (Burgess. Miilman.) Lake Mistassini, KE.T. (J. M. Macoun) Rather common on the margins of rivers and small streams, from the Kananaskis westward through the Rocky Moun- tains to the Columbia Valley, at Donald, B. C. (Macoun.) Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Ft.) Yar. recto rostrata, Bailey, (ined.) C. Urbani, (?) Bceckeler, Engler's Bot, Jahrb. VII, 280, (1886.) Plant less yellow than the species. Spikes more scattered, the lowest two or three inches from the next above, remote and usually conspicuously stalked, beak short, straight or nearly so. (Bailey.) This form seems to me to come between C. flava, and C. (Ederi, but is unlike either. The specimens referred here agree in many respects with the description of C. Urbani, but as that species is based on immature- specimens, allowance must be made for inaccuracies. Our specimens are in some cases one foot or more high, and in most cases the lower spikelet is distant and compound. The plant approaches C. flava- in general appearance, but the spikelets and perigynia are much smaller, and the latter is not reflexed at maturity. Nanaimo, Gold- stream, Shawnigan Lake, and Home Lake near Qualicum, Yancouver Island. Habitat is in wet gravel along rivers or lakes. (Macoun)- Spence's Bridge, along the Thompson River, B.C., 1885. (Fletcher.) Y. Spikelets unisexual, the upper male ; mostly single; the rest female or sparingly androgynous. * Stigmas II. (2597.) C. ceespitosa, Linn., Fl. Suec. Ed. II., 333. C. concolor, R. Br. Suppl. App. Parry's Voy., 218, (1823.) C. Pacifica, Drejer., Fl. Ex. Hafn., 292. C. Drejeri, Lang. Fl. Eatisb., 548. Said by Boeeckler to occur in British America. (Bailey.) New- foundland. (Reeks.) Between Repulse Bay and Cape Lady Pellyr Hudson Bay. (Dr. Rae.) Wet meadow, Nachacco River, British Columbia. The specimens referred here are young, but they resemble very closely C. ceespitosa of Europe. (Macoun.) Yar. fliifolia, Boott. 111. 182. C. aperta, var. angustifolia, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 218, (1840.) Fort Good Hope, Mackenzie River, lat. 6Y°. (Dr. Richardson.) Cascade Mountains, lat. about 49°. (Dr. Lyall.) A stouter form- (Bailey.) 142 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2598.) C. VUlgaris, Fries. Mant. III., 155, (1846.) C. cxspitosa, Good., Linn. Trans. II., 195, (1792) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 3S. C. Goodenovii, Gay, Ann. Sci. Nat. (2d. Ser.) XL, 191, (1838.) C. limula, (?) Gray, Man. Ed. V., 582, (1868.) C. dubitita, Sommers, Cat. Nov. Scotia Plants. This species, in one form or another, crosses the continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (R. Sell.) Abundant in wet meadows at Truro, Windsor, Yarmouth, Point Pleasant, and North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.}' Pictou, Co., N.S. (McKay.} Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co., and Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Andrews, N.B. ( Vroom) Boggy places, at South West Point, Anticosti ; low meadows at Gaspd Basin, and Eiviere Pierre, Gasp6 coast, Q. (Macoun.) Mingan Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Cacouna, St. Lawrence Eiver. (Burgess.) Mecatina Eiver, Q. (McGrill Coll. Herb.) Lake Superior, Lake Huron, and Lake Winnipeg. (Richardson.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) In a wet prairie near McLeod's Lake, B. C. (Macoun.) Alaska. (Bailey.) Greenland. (Lange.) Sitka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Yar. juncella, Fries, Summa, 230. C. KelloggU, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 240, (1880.) Specimens referred here by Mr. W. Boott, were collected at Yar- mouth, at the railway bridge over the Weymouth, and at Windsor, N.S. ; shores of Eed Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Yar. hyperborea, Boott, 111. 167. C. Bigelovii, Torr.; Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. Washingtoniana, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 272, (1826.) C. saxatilis, Dew., Wood's Bot. Ed. L, 581, (1843.) C. saxatilis, var. Bigelovii, Torr. Cyp. 397, (1836.) C. hyperborea, Drej. Revis. Grit. Car. 41, (1841.) C. rigida, var. Bigelovii, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. 19, (1843.) C. dubitata, Dew., Wood's Bot. 755, (1861.) C. rigida, Good. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 217, in part, (1840.) On the summit of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe*, alt. 4,000 feet. (Macoun.) Lower St. Lawrence, Q. (Pringle.) Nain, and Ford's Harbor, coast of Labrador ; Cape Chudleigh, and Eskimo Yillage of Hyla, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) Labrador, and arctic coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Northern California to Alaska. (Bailey) Green- land. (Lange.) Kotzebue Sound, and Norton Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 143 Yar. alpina, Eoott. 111. 167. C. rigida, Good. ; Hook., Fl. II., 217, in part, (1840.) Mountains of Colorado to Alaska. (Bailey.} Mountains near Me- Leod's Lake, lat. 55°, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) (2599.) C. decidua, Boott, Linn. Trans. XX., 119, (1845.) C. Andersoni, Boott, Hook., Fl. Antarct. II., 364. Ounalashka, 1885. Gathered by Mr. S. Applegate, Signal Observer at that station, and determined by Prof. Bailey. A few specimens of a Carex akin to this were gathered at Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, in the summer of 1885. They agree with Prof. Bailey's remark on page 81 of his synopsis, in having the " scales and perigynia deciduous ; perigynium conspicuously stipulate and strongly nerved." It may be a form of G. vulgaris, but we have not material enough to determine. (2600.) C. invlsa, Bailey, Carex, Syn. No. 68, (1886.) C.podocarpa, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 245, (1880.) On the summits of the higher Rocky Mountains, at Kicking Horse Lake and westward to Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains ; abundant on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,500 feet. (Macoun.) (2601.) C. Jamesii, Torrey, Cyp., 398, (1836.) C. compacta, Hook., Fl. II., 220, (1840.) South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains, lat. 49°. (Dawson.) Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.} Rather common in wet places from Morley westward through the Rocky Mountains to Roger's Pass, in the Sel- kirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) Cariboo Mountains, B.C., alt. 6.000 feet. (Bowman.) (2602.) C. aquatilis, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 165, (1802.) Common in wet meadows and ditches from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) In ditches at Truro. Halifax, and Windsor, N.S, (Macoun.) Kent, and St. John Co's., and Harris Cove, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, and Becscie River, Anticosti ; mouths of all rivers on the Gasp£ coast, and at Mont Louis and Grand Etang, Q. (Macoun.) Jacques Cartier River, Quebec Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Abundant in marshes along the Bay of Quinte, and westward throughout Ontario to Lake Huron, and north-westerly around Lake Superior to Thunder Bay, at Port Arthur. (Macoun.) Island east of Mississaugi Point, Lake Huron ; Nelson River, and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) 144 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Charlton Island, " The Twins," and Fort George, James Bay ; Severn River, Keewatin ; Muskeg Island, Lake- Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Lakes Superior and Huron ; Fort Simpson, Fort Chipweyan, and Methy Portage. (Richardson.') Wet prairies at Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Extremely abundant over the whole prairie region, on the borders of ponds and in marshes, extending north- westerly to Peace River, in lat. 58°; rather common in the Rocky Mountains, from Calgary, on Bow River, to Roger's Pass, in the Sel- kirk Mountains, B.C. j common in northern British Columbia, extend- ing far northward ; rather rare on Vancouver Island ; only observed at Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill. (Macoun.) Canada to Mackenzie River ; Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Ounalashka and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Yar. epigeios, Laest. Yet. Ac. Handl., 339, (1822.) C. stans, Drej. Revis. Grit. Car. 40, (1841.) C. aquatilis, var. minor, Boott, 111. 163. From Colorado to the Arctic coast. (Bailey.) Arctic sea-coast. {Richardson.) In meadows at the mouth of Madeline River, Gaspe* coast, Q. ; in ditches near Windsor, N. S. Evidently approaching C. stricta, but neither young nor old sheaths reticulated; another form named C. borealis by Olney, was gathered along the shore of Lake Superior, at Thunder Bay, in 1869. This specimen seems to approach C. vulgaris var. juncella. (Macoun.) (2603.) C. Stricta, Lamarck, Diet, De. Bot. III., 387, (1789.) C. acuta, Pursh, Fl. I., 38, (1814.) C. angustata, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 218, (1840.) C. strictior, Dew., Wood's Cl. Book, 755, (1861.) C. Virginiana, var. elongata, Boeckeler, Linnsea, XL., 432, (1875.) Common in ditches ; growing in thick clumps, especially in the eastern provinces. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Common in boggy meadows at North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton ; abundant in ditches and bogs at Point Pleasant, Halifax, and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Fari- bault.) Richibucto, Kent Co. ; Fredericton, Norton, and Salmon River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Becscie River, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (JLogie.) Common in marshy meadows near Belleville, and at Trenton, and Owen Sound, Ont.; near Lake Ellen, Nipigon River, and along the Kaministiqua, west of Port Arthur. (Macoun.) West of Grand Island marsh, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.) Wet river bank, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 145' A remarkable form of this species grows at Campbellford, Northum- berland Co., Ont. As usual, it grows in large clumps about three feet high, but instead of the spikes being sessile, they are peduncled, or have scattered perigynia for nearly half their length, which is often from three to four inches. The sheaths are scarcely fibrilose, and many of the perigynia are abortive. I conclude from these characters, that it is a hybrid between C. aquatilis and C. stricta. Yar. decora. Bailey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. XIII., 85. C. aperta, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 582, (1868.) Usually smaller and more slender than the species, the basal sheaths not fibrilose ; spikes short (seldom over an inch long), sessile or nearly so, very rarely attenuated at the base, spreading ; bracts usually con- spicuously spreading ; scales very sharp, spreading, longer than the perigynia. {Bailey.} A very obscure species and evidently not the one figured by Boott. I agree with Prof. Bailey in doubting the accuracy of the eastern C. aperta. My specimens, though named by Dewey and Olney, appear to be C. stricta, var. strictior, Carey; Gray, Man. Y., 583, (1868.) (Macoun.) Near Eichibucto, Kent Co. ; and rather common at Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.} Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Border of a little lake one mile north of Hooper's Lake, Tudor, North Hastings, Ont. ; fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.} Wet river bank, London, Ont. (Burgess.} Specimens collected on the Nachacco Eivor, in northern British Colum- bia, in 1875, are referred here. I doubt their identity with the eastern, specimens, but they are placed here for the present. (2604.) C. lenticularis, Michx., Fl. I., 172, (1803); Hook., Fl, II., 219. Abundant in the beds of rivers, growing in the crevices of rocks in- large tufts. Chiefly found in northern Ontario, and north-eastward. Coast of Labrador, lat. 51° 30'. (Allen.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co. ; not rare at Salmon Eiver ; St. Stephen, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Amongst rocks, Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gaspe*, Q. ; on wet rocks in rear of the old saw-mill, Marmora village, Hastings Co. ; shore of Gull Lake, Barrie, Addington Co. ; abundant from Balsam Lake, the whole length of Gull Eiver, Yictoria Co. ; very abundant all around Lake Superior, and north up Nipigon Eiver to the Lake. (Macoun.) Shallow water, Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.} Michi- picotin Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell.} Lake Mistassini, N.E. T. ; Severn 10 146 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.*) Saskatchewan, and northward to Bear Lake. (Bailey.) Canada to Mackenzie Eiver. (Hooker, FL) JVtethy Portage. (Richardson.*) <2605.) C. acuta, Linn., Sp. PL, 1388, (1757.) C. aperta, var. divaricata, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. IX., 119, in part, (1884.) We have few specimens which we can refer here, but place them mostly under the variety which follows. Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.*) Lewes Eiver, lat. 62°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Yar. prolixa, Hornem. Plantel. Ed. IY. C.prolixa, Fries. Mant. III., 150, (1835.) C. aperta, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 218, (1840.) Yery abundant in low grounds, producing very good hay in numerous ^places, especially at Cedar Hill, and Nanaimo. Specimens were col- lected at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Shawnigan Lake, Qualicum, Mount Arrowsmith, and Sproat Lake, on the west coast of Yancouver Island. (Macoun.) In meadows at Yictoria, Yancouver Island. (Fletcher.') (2606.) C. GLAUCA, Scopoli, Fl. Germ. 455. Introduced on dry clay banks of the railway cutting just outside of Windsor, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.} On the border of a meadow, in poor soil, London, Ont. (Burgess.) (2607.) C. torta, Boott; Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. (1843.) C. torta, var. composita, Porter. Borders of streams and in wet meadows in the maritime provinces. Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Along a small stream at Truro, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Salmon Creek, and Gaspereaux Eiver; Petitco- diac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) ,(2608.) C. salina, Wahl., Fl. Lapp. 246, (1812.) C. cuspidata, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 164, (1802.) C. stricta, Hook. & Am. Bot. Beechey's Voy., 131, (1834.) C. recta, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 220, (1840.) C. hsematolepis, Drej. Re vis. Grit. Car. 44, (1841.) Yery abundant in salt marshes in almost every part of Nova Scotia /and around the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Coast of Labrador and about Hudson Bay. (Bailey.) Louisburg, and North Sydney, Cape Breton ; Truro, Annapolis, Yarmouth and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Salt marsh at Molus Bay, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, >Cat.*) Salt Lake and English Bay, Anticosti ; Cape Eosier, Fox Eiver, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 147 •Grand Etang and Madeline Eiver, Gasp6 coast, Q. (Macoun.) Mouth •of Saguenay Eiver, Q. (Pringle.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Hud- son Bay, Labrador, and Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. mutica, Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 246, (1812 .1 C. tonceata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 249, (1836.) C. reducta, Drej. Revis. Grit. Car. 46, (1841.) C. salina, var. minor, Boott, 111. 160, in part. C. salina, var. /?., Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 219, (1840.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan, and Hudson Bay. ^Hooker, Fl.} Coast of Greenland. (Lange.) Yar. ? robusta, Bailey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. XIII., 87. Taller and coarser than the species (two to three feet high), the •culm spongy at the base; leaves soft; bracts very leafy, surpassing the culm ; spikes heavy, short and thick (usually an inch or less long, and nearly half an inch thick), mostly dense and truncate at the base, somewhat aggregated, the lower short stalked ; scales ranging from lanceolate and acute to ovate and obtuse, brown with a white mid- nerve, longer than the thinner nerveless perigynium. All the peri- gynia are empty. (Bailey.) The specimens were growing in large patches between tides in the bed of Qualicum Eiver, Vancouver Island They were generally covered with water to the height of a foot or more at high tide. I cannot believe that this is a form of G. salina, as it is quite distinct from that species in general appearance, but leave it with Prof. Bailey to settle it. Collected July 29, 1887. (Macoun.) Since the above was in type, I have received further information regarding this form from Mr. Arthur Bennett, F.L.S., Croyden. Eng- land. The specimens sent to him were forwarded to Kew, and were examined by Mr. C. B. Clarke, who could not match them in Kew herbarium, but suggested C. pulla, Good., as a possibility. Later -examinations seem to convince Mr. Clarke that this is C. physocarpa, Presl, Eeliq. Hsenk. I., 205. Mr. Bennett thinks, on the other hand, that if Kunth represents correctly Presl's plant, he cannot agree with him, and says, "if this is not C. physocarpa, then it is a new species so far as we have material at Kew to go upon, for which I pro- pose the name C. Macounii (non Dewey Sill. Journ.) characterized by its extremely (almost wanting) short beak to the perigynia with a smaller base, semi-inflated nerved fruits much shorter than the glumes." (2609.) C. ambusta, Boott, 111. 64. C. salina, var. ambusta, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) Ungava Bay, North Labrador ; northern British Columbia ; Sitka, 148 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. and Ounalashka. (Bailey, Carex, Syn., 88.) Francis Eiver, lat. 61° ;. Pelly Eiver, lat. 62° ; Lewes Eiver, lat. 62°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) (2610.) C. subspathacea, Wormskjold, Fl. Dan. IX., 4, (1818.) C. Hoppneri, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 219, (1840.) C. salina, var. subspathacea, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. 12, (1843.) C. salina, var. minor, Boott, 111. 160, in part. Cumberland House and Hudson Bay. (Hooker, FL) Salt marsh,, near Cape Rosier, Gaspe", 1861. (J. Bell.} Greenland. (Lange.) (2611.) C. cryptocarpa, C. A. Meyer, Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. I., 226, (1831.) C. Scovleri, Torr. Cyp. 399, (1836.) C.filipendula, Drej. Revis. Grit. Car. 46, (1841.) C. salina, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 219, in part, (1840.) Salt marshes at Cape Rosier, and Fox Eiver, Gasp£ coast. Collected, in 1882. (Macoun.) Queen Charlotte Islands; and at Lake Karmutzen, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abundant at Oak Bay, near Victoria, at the mouth of Nanaimo Eiver, in marshes at Qualicum, and on the west coast of Vancouver Island, at Alberni; also by a lake near Fort St. James, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Clemincitty Harbor, and Sitka, (Hcoker, Fl.) Ounalashka, Sitka, and Kotzebue Sound. (JRothr. Alask.) Along Burrard Inlet, at Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Alaska. (Meehan.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2612.) C. SitchensiS, Prescott, (1831) ; Hook., IJl. II., 220. A very fine and remarkably distinct species, growing in profusion on many parts of the Pacific coast. Along the Fraser Eiver, at Lad- ner's Landing, B.C. (Fletcher.) Marshes near Alert Bay, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) In meadows and by lakes and streams; common at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Somenos, Shawnigan Lake, Nanaimo, Qualicum, Home Lake, and Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Puget Sound, and Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) (2613.) C. Barbaras, Dew. Bot. Mex. Bound. 231, (1858.) C. Schottii, Dew. Bot. Mex. Bound. 231, (1858.) C. Prescottiana, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 369, (1871.) Wet ground near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abun- dant in wet meadows by lakes and marshes, at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Chemainus, Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Shores of Burrard Inlet, Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Port Etches, Alaska, (Barclay.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 149 <2614.) C. maritima, Muller, Fl. Dan. t. 793; Hook., Fl. II., 219. C.paleacea, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 164, (1802.) Salt marshes around the coasts of the maritime provinces. Newfound- land. (Reeks.) Annapolis, N.S. {Burgess.) Marshes at Truro, N.S ; Salt Lake, Ellis Bay, and Eiviere de Brig, Anticosti ; Gasp£ Basin, and Fox Eiver, Gaspe" coast, Q. (Macoun.) Bridgetown, N.S. (Prof. Fowler.) Salt marshes, Molus Eiver, and Lancaster, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eupert House, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) Temiscouata, St. Lawrence Eiver. (Pringle.) Couetatchou-Manicoua- gan, Q. (St. Cyr.) (2615.) C. crinita, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot. III., 393, (1789); Pursh, Fl. I., 38, (1814) ; Hook., Fl. II., 219, (1840.) C. crinita, var. paleacea, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 270, (1826.) C. Mitchelliana, M. A. Curtis, Sill. Journ. XLIV., 84, (1843 ) C. crinita,v&T. minor, Boott, 111. 18. C.pendula, Sommers, Cat. Nov. Scotia Plants. Eather uncommon in low meadows and by streams, growing in •clumps. Brigus, and Topsail, Newfoundland. (E. Bell.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Near Bedford, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) By brooks at -Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Along rills and brooks, at Kouchibouguac, -and Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Sauveur, near Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. ( Killings.) Abundant in moist places by brooks, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) St. Andrews, Montreal. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Eichelieu Swamp, Q. (C. F. McCrea.) Tadousac, Saguenay Eiver, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) Eather common in central Ontario, in large tufts at Canniffton, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low grounds, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Canada to Norway House. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. gynandra, Schwein. & Torr., Mon. 360, (1824.) C. gynandra, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) Apparently confined to the eastern provinces. Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Grand Vallee, Gaspe* coast, Q/ (Macoun.) (2616.) C. podocarpa, E. Brown, App. Frankl. Narr.. Ed. II., 36 ; Hook., Fl. II., 224. C. macrochseta, C. A. Meyer, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 219.. C. speclabilis, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 248, (1836.) A very remarkable species and easily distinguished by the long •thread-like awns of the scales. Mountains of British America to Alaska. 150 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Bailey.) Stikine Eiver. (Cowley.) Lewes Kiver, lat. 62°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay,) Sitka, and Eocky Moun- tains. (Hooker, Fl.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Rothr. Alash.) * * Stigmas III. t Perigynium beakless or short-beaked, the orifice entire, emarginate, or bidentate. J Perigynium smooth. (261*7.) C. Magellanica, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot. III., 385, (1789.) C. irrigua, Smith ; Hook., Fl. II., 224, (1840.) C. limosa, var. irrigua, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV, 162, (1803.) C. limosa, var. irngua, Wahl. Fl. Lap. 243, (1812.) C. paupercula, Michx, FJ. I., 172, (1803.) C. lenticularis, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIL, 273, (1823.) In peat bogs, Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.) Labrador. (McGill Coll. Herb.} In peat bogs near Point Pleasant, and at the head of the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. ; bog near North Sydney Mine, Capo Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Peat bogs, Kent Co.; Lily Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Nepisiquit Lake, N.B. (Hay.) Salt Lake, Ellis and English bays, Anticosti ; Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.) Thun- der Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) All peat bogs near Ottawa ; not common. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp near Heck's Mills, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Common in bogs throughout central Ontario, and westward to Eed Bay, Lake Huron ; and north-westerly to Michipicotin, and Eed Eock, and around Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Bogs, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Cranberry marsh, Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McG-ill Coll Herb.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.} Swamps on Mount Mark, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Norway House, Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.) (2618.) C. rariflora, Smith, Engl. Bot. t. 2516; Hook., Fl. II., 224. C. limosa, var. rariflora, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 162, (1803.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, in a peatbog, 1883. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) South Twin Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Labrador. (Miss Brodie vide, McGill Coll. Herb.) Labradofr. (Allen. Storer.) Lake Mistassini; Fort Franklin, Mackenzie Eiver, lat. 64°. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2619.) C. limosa, Linn. Sp. PI. 977, (1753) ; Hook., Fl. II., 224. C. laxa, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVL, 376, (1834.) C. limosa, var. Painti, Dew. Sill. Journ. (2dSer.) XXIX., 71. Peat bogs, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, especially northward. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 151 In the "Old Moat" at Louisburg, Cape Breton; in bogs at the head of North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Peat bogs, Eichibucto. Bass Kiver, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.} Kendriek's Lake, N. B., 1882. (Vroom.) Miscou Island, N.B. (Hay.) • Trout Lake, Charlotte Co. ; Portage Lake, Westmoreland Co., KB. (Brittain.) Salt Lake, Anii- costi; Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.) Bogs, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Peat bog, five miles north of Colborne, Northumberland Co. ; marsh, Eed Bay, Lake Huron ; and marsh at Eed Eock, Lake Superior ; also at the mouth of the Kaminis- tiqua, near Port Arthur, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, Lon- don, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Marsh at Port Colborne. (Me Grill Coll. Herb.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Hudson Bay, near Fort Severn. (J. M. Macoun.) Not uncommon in peat bogs and marshes, from the Kananaskis westward through the Eocky Mountains to Eoger's Pass, in the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; bogs near McLeod's Lake, B.C., lat.55°. (Macoun.) Eocky Mountains -r Sitka, and North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Yar. Stygia, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 95, (1886.) C. stygia, Fries. Mant. III., 141. C. rariftora, Rothrock, PL Alask. 457. (?) Spikes mostly thicker and more drooping than in the species ; scales very black, longer pointed. Alaska and Shumagan Island. (Bailey.) Ounalashka, and Bay of Schischmareff. (Rothr. Alask.) We place here the C. rariflora of Eothrock in Dall's Alaska. (2620.) C. Raynoldsii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXXII., 39, (1837.) C. LyaUii, Boott, 111. 150, t. 483. Mountains of Montana, and Washington territory. (Bailey.) Will likely be found north of lat. 49°, B.C. (2621.) C. Stylosa, C. A. Meyer, Act. Acad. St. Petersb. I., 222, (1831.) C. nigritella, Drejer. Revis. Grit. Car. 32, (1841.) C. Parryana, Hook., Fl. II., 216, in part, (1840.) Fox Harbor, Labrador. (Allen.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2622.) C. Tolmiei, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 224, (1840.) C. vulgaris, Olney, Proc. Am. Acad. 407, (1872.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) The specimens referred here are identical with those of Suksdorf, gathered on Mount. Adams, Washington Territory, 1883. 152 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. {2623.) C. livida, Willd. Sp. PI. IV., 285, (1805) ; Hook.. Fl. II., 224. C. limosa, var. livida, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 162, (1802.) C. Gayana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXV., 141, (1834.)' . C. livida, var. radicalis, Paine, Cat. Oneida Co. Plants. Peat bog at Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.} Bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; in a beaver meadow, Huntingdon, Hastings Co. ; Kiladar, Addington Co. ; marsh, Chicken Bay, Lake Huron ; in a marsh at Morley, Eoeky Mountains ; in marshes along Beaver Creek, near Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.} Hudson Bay to •Cumberland House and Fort Carleton, and thence to the Rocky Moun- tains ; Sitka, and North West coast. (Hooker, FL) Labrador, and Lake Superior, and high northward. (Bailey.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Arctic sea-coast. (Richardson.) (2624.) C. PANICEA, Linn. Sp. PI. 977, (1753.) Wet meadows, Bass River, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) In mea- dows, two miles from Windsor, N.S. ; along the " pipe line" for the water supply ; also in marshy meadows around the ruins of Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) As in both cases the species was found in cultivated ground, we consider it introduced. The dark purple (Louisburg) or purple margined (Windsor) scale, distinguish it from every form of the next. (2625.) C. tetanica, Schkuhr. Riedgr. Nachtr, 68, (1806); Pursh, Fl. I., 43. C. refracta, Willd. Sp. PI. IV., 297, in part, (1805.) C. Woodii, Dew. Sill. Journ. II., 487, (1846.) C.panicea, var. tetanica, Olney, Exsicc. I., 23, (1870.) C. panicea, var. Woodii, Olney, Exsicc. II., 27, (1871.) C.panicea, var. Sebbii, Olney, Exsicc. L, 22, (1870.) C. Meadii, var, Bebbii, Arthur, Contr. Fl. Iowa, VI. Oulm slender ; leaves narrow, green ; spikes pale, mostly greenish, mostly thin and loosely flowered, attenuated below. (Bailey.) Spar- ingly in a meadow east of Belleville, Ont. ; abundant in Manitoba and westward ; especially common in low meadows east of Brandon. (Macoun.) <2626.) C. Meadii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIIL, 90, (1842.) C. panicea,v&T. Meadii, Olney, Exsicc. L. 24, (1870.) . C. panicea, var. Canbyi, Olney, Exsicc. II., 24, (1871.) C. tetanica, var. Meadii, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 118, (1886.) Our specimens of this species are so different from those of C. tetanica that we consider them specifically distinct. File Hills, and Qu'Appelle Valley, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 153 (2627.) C. vaginata, Tauseh. Bot. Zeit. 557, (1821.) C. panicea, var. sparsiflora, Wahl. FL Lapp. 236, (1812.) C. phseostachya, Smith; Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. sparsiflora, Steud. Nom. Bot. 296, (1840.) C. vaginata, var. alto-caulis, Dew. Sill. Journ. C. panicea, var. refacta, Olney, Exsicc. I., 24, (1870.) Northern Labrador. (Turner.) Swampy wood, Salt, Lake, Anti- costi ; Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun.) Harbor Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Recollet Swamp, Montreal. (C. F. McCrea.) Abundant in cedar swamps at Belleville, and west- ward throughout northern and north-westerly Ontario ; around Lake Superior and northerly to Lake Nipigon. and westerly to Point du •Chein, Man. (Macoun.} Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) In spruce and other swamps, from Morley westward through the Rocky Mountains to Donald, in the Columbia Valley; in swamps throughout northern British Columbia, 1875. (Macoun.} Fort Nor- man, Mackenzie River; Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL} (2628.) C. granularis, Muhl. (1806); Hook., Fl. II., 226. C. chlalaros, Steud. Cyper. Plant, 231, (1855.) C. Haleana, Olney, Exsicc. III., 14, (1871.) Abundant in wet meadows in Ontario ; wet grounds, Bass River, Kent Co. ; college grounds, Fredericton ; and Sussex, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Everywhere common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very abundant in low wet mea- dows and thickets throughout central Ontario ; meadows, Owen Sound ; along the Kaministiqua, at Fort William, and twenty miles up that stream ; Blackwater River, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Swamp, Lon- don, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Damp prairies, from Winnipeg west to Brandon, Man. (Macoun.) Quebec. (Hooker, FL) (2629.) C. Crawei, Dew. ; Torr. Bot. N. York II., 408, (1843.) C. heterostachya, Torr. Sill. Journ. (2d. Ser.) II., 248, (1846.) C. Crawei, var. heterostachya, Dew. Sill. Journ. (2d. Ser.) XLIL, 4, (1866.) Wet gravel, South West Point, Anticosti. (Macoun.} Shore of St. Lawrence, Montreal. (C. F. McCrea.) Field near Fort Wellington, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Wet gravel, Massassaga Point, near Belle- ville, Ont. ; on wet sand, Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; on wet sand at Owen Sound, an 1 in marshy ground, Red Bay, Lake Huron; wet gravel, Assiniboine Rapids, east of Brandon, Man. (Macoun.) (2630.) C. Torreyi, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. 21, (1843.) C. pattescens, Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. abbreviata, Boott, Linn. Trans. XX., 141, (1845.) Abundant in many parts of western Manitoba, growing in clumps, 154 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. and having the general appearance of C. pallescens, but easily distin- guished by its strongly nerved perigynium. Specimens from Portaga la Prairie, Totogan, Grand Valley, Brandon, and File Hills, Man. (Mdcoun.) SourisEiver, and Turtle Mountain, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Carleton House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl ) (2631.) C. pallescens, Linn. Sp. PI. 977, (1753.) C. undulata, Kunze, Suppl. Riedgr. 23. C. pallescens, var. undulata, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 587,- (1868.) Quite common in damp meadows at Truro, Halifax, and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.} Bass Eiver, Kent Co.; Aroostook Falls, and Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Dalhousie, N.B. ; and Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.} Meadows, Gasp£ Basin, Gasp£ Co., Q. ; very abundant in meadows in the rear of St. Mary's Village, Sault Ste. Marie. (Macoun) (2632.) C. conoidea, Schkuhr. Eiedgr. Nachtr. 67, (1806) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 43, (1814); Hook., Fl. II., 226. C. granularioides, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823-) C. tetanica, Schwein. & Torr.; Gyp. 347, (1836.) C. Wincensi*, Dew. Sill. Journ., (2d. Ser.) VI., 245, (1848.) Damp meadows at Annapolis, and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) Belleisle, N.B. (Brittain.) Wet meadows, close to the Ferry House, opposite Belleville, Ont., and in pastures east of that city. (Macoun.) (2633.) C. grisea, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 154, (1802.). C. laxiflora, Schkuhr, Riedgr. Nachtr. 69, (1805.) C. grisea, var. minor, Olney, Hall's PI. Tex. 26, (1873.) Apparently rare in Canada, only observed in south-western Ontario. Damp thickets, Port Dover Junction, Elgin Co., Ont. (Macoun.) (2634.) C. oligocarpa, Schkuhr, Eiedgr. Nachtr. 67, (1805.) C. subuniflora, Steud. Cyper. Plant, 234, (1855.) C. oligocarpa, var. Sartwelliana, Dew. Sill. Journ. (2d. Ser.) V., 176, (1848.). Not rai»e on exposed, grassy hillsides, near the shores of Lakes Ontario and Erie; rocky hill near Picton, Prince Edward Co. ; open woods, above Port Hope, Ont; also along Lake Erie, near Fingal, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa; rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Belleisle, and Petitcodiac; Long Island, in the Kennebeccasis, N.B. (Brittam.) It is probable that all Brittain's specimens are C. conoidea^ as those gathered at Belleisle, now in our herbarium, are of that species. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 155« (2635.) C. Hitchcockiana, Dew. Sill. Journ. X. 274, (1826.) C. oligocarpa, var. major, Torr. Bot. N. York II., 406, (1843.) Rocky woods, apparently rare in Ontario, but more northern than the preceding species. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) IB half cleared lands, Kennebec, Addington Co.; Huntingdon, Hastings Co. ; and Seymour, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; Port Stanley, and Fin- gal, Elgin Co., Ont. (Macoun.) (2636.) C. laxiflora, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot, III., 392, (1789) ^ Hook., Fl. II., 226. C. striatula, Michx., Fl. I., 173, (1803.) C. anceps, Schwein. & Torr. Car. Mon. 343, in part, (1824.) C. ignota, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIIL, 348, (1849.) As many collectors have not separated the varieties from each otherr we place all references under the species, except where we have seen the specimens, or they have been separated by the collector. New- foundland. (Reeks.) Several varities and forms of this exceedingly variable plant are found, but they have not been worked out. (Fow- ler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Damp woods at Belleville, Ont. ; also Amherstburgh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Wood& near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Neighborhood of London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Quite common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Var. intermedia, Boott, 111. 37. C. heterotperma, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 151, (1802.) C. anceps, Muhl. ; Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. anceps, var. angustifolia, Dew., Wood's Bot. 423, (1845.) C. laxiflora, var. blanda gracillirna, Boott, 111. 38. Apparently our commonest form. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher,. Fl. Ott.) Common in open woods, from Carleton Place westward through central Ontario to Amherstburgh, on Lake Erie, and north- westerly to Eed Kock, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Canada to Carleton House, on the Sas- katchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. striatula, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 524, (1856.) C. conoidea, Muhl. Descr. Gram. 248, (1817.) C. blanda, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 45, (1826.) C. anceps, var. striatula, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. I., 554, (1848.) C. anceps, var. blanda, Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) Not nearly so common as the preceding. Apparently more southern, in its range. Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.) Stewart's Bush, and Billings Bridge, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Not common in woods at Belleville, Ont.: Queenston Heights, near Niagara Falls. (Macoun.y Low woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) 156 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. atifolia, Boott, 111. 38. Rich woods, Stidbury Junction, C. P. By., Ont. ; common in woods around Belleville, and westward through central Ontario to Port Stanley, and Amherstburgh, on Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Grassy woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Hull, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Oft.) Var. patulifolia, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 524, (1856.) C. plantaginea, Schkuhr, Riedgr. Nachtr. 65, (1805.) C. anceps, var. patulifolia, Dew. Wood's Bot. 423, (1845.) C. laxiflora, var. plantaginea, Boott, 111. 37. Only found on McNab's Island, in Halifax Harbor. Easily distin- guished from var. latifolia by the almost total absence of nerves, and nearly straight beak of the perigynium. (Maeoun.) (2637.) C. Henderson!, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 115, (1886.) C. laxiflora, var. plantaginea, Olney, Proced. Am. Acad. (1872.) Easily distinguished from any form of C. laxiflora by its very large perigynium. The western representative of the Laxiflorce. Lower Eraser River, lat. 49°. (Dr. Lyall.) Not uncommon in open woods at Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoim.) (2638.) C. retrocurva, Dew., Wood's Bot, 423, (1845.) Apparently rare in Canada. Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) •Grassy woods at Amherstburgh, Lake Erie. (Maeoun.) Border of a ravine at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.'} <263<*.) C. digitalis, Willd. Sp. PI. IV., 298, (1805.) C. oligocarpa, Hook., FL II., 226, (1840.) C. Van-VlecMi, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. podostachys, Steud. Cyper. Plant, 232, (1855.) Open grassy woods and borders of ravines at Port Stanley, Elgin 'Co., and on Queenstown Heights, near .Niagara ; in a field near the Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., and in woods, Tudor, Hast- ings Co., Ont. (Maeoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) <2640.) C. platyphylla, Carey, Sill. Journ. (2d. Ser.)IV..23, (1847.) Open grassy woods, not rare in Ontario. Near Montreal. (C. F. McCrea.) King's Mountain, Chelsea, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eich, rocky woods, common around Belleville, and westward through cen- tral Ontario to Owen Sound, Georgian Bay. (Maeoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Hamilton. Ont. (Logie.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 157 (2641.) C. plantaginea, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot. III., 392, (1789) ;. Hook., FJ. II., 226 ; Michx., Fl., I., 173 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 42. C. latifolia, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 156, (1802.) On the slopes of ravines, and in cool woods throughout Ontario. St. John River, between Florenceville and Andover, N.B. (Brittam.J- Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Abundant in ravines at Belleville, and westward throughout Ontario to Owen Sound, Georgian Bay. (Macoun.) Grand Island, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.) Low woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Norway House, north end of Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.) (2642.) C. eburnea, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. alba, Dew. Sill. Journ. VII., 266, (1824.) C. alba, var. setifolia, Dew. Sill. Journ. XI., 316, (1826.) C. paupercula, Torr. Gyp. 415, (1836), (non Michx.) Not uncommon on dry limestone shingle, along rivers and lakes.. Tobique Narrows, N.B. (Brittain.) Dry rocks, Riviere de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.} Mingan River, Q. (St. Cyr.) Common in all rocky woods, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On rocky banks of the Moira, at Belleville ; banks of Trent, above Trenton, and westward throughout north-western Ontario, on rocky banks, to Port Arthur,, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) River banks, London, Ont. (Burgess. Mill- man.) Point aux Pins, Lake Erie ; and Saugeen, Lake Huron. (Burgess.) Point Wilkins, Lake Winnipegoosis, Man.; rather rare on gravelly banks, from Morley westward through the Rocky Mountains to Donald, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) Cedar Lake,, near Cumberland House ; Fort Norman, on the Mackenzie River ; and Rocky Mountains, lat. 54°-56°. (Hooker, Fl.) (2643.) C. pedunculata, Muhl. (1805); Hook., Fl. II, 217. Cool shady woods and in swamps. Petitcodiac, andHavelock; Red Bank, and Salmon River ; St. Stephen ; Nashwaaksis, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Woods at Salt Lake, and English Bay, Anticosti; in abun- dance, along the Gasp£ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Island of Orlea»s. (St. Cyr.) In a swamp, half way between Montreal and the Recollet. Swamp. (0. F. McCrea.) Between Gate and St. Jean lakes, Went- worth, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Very common in damp woods, Ottawa, (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Wood's, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Carleton Place, and westward through Ontario to the west side of Lake Superior, at Point Meuron, Kaministiqua River. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (Me Gill Coll Herb.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Damp woods, London, Ont. (Hurgess. Millman.) Cum-- 158 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. berland House, and Norway House, and Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Rainy Lake, and Winnipeg River. (Richardson.} % % Perigynium pubescent. (2644.) C. concinna, R. Br. (1823) ; Hook., Fl. II., 223. C. ornithopoda, Torr. Cyp., 412, (1836.) Lake Miatassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Ste. Genevieve Island, ' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Marshes, Bay of Quinte, and in wet meadows and marshes all over central Ontario, and westward to Eed Bay, Lake Huron ; marshes on Pele*e Point, Lake Erie. (Macoun} Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Common at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Swamps, Lake of the Woods. (Burgess. Dawson.) Lake Winnipeg, and Cumberland House. (Hooker, Fl.} Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden} f f Perigynium hirsute. (2663.) C. Houghtonii, Torrey, Cyp. 413, (1836); Hook., Fl. II.,. 223. A beautiful and distinct species found chiefly in the northern pine forests ; on sandy or rocky knolls, where it creeps extensively. On ridges at Truro, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.} Dry grassy places, Coal Branch, Kent Co. ; Tobique Eiver, at Pokiok, N.B. (Fowler, Cat} Dry ridges, Gaspe coast, Q. (Macoun.} Eiviere Ste. Marguerite, Q. (Pringle.} On a hill 1,500 feet high, at Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.} Vicinity of Ottawa ; very rare. (Fletcher, FL Ott.} On rocky islands, Partridge Lake, and Gull Lake, Addington Co.; abundant in new meadows in Tudor, Madoc, and Marmora, Hastings Co. ; Elliott's Falls, Gull Eiver, Victoria Co. ; very common in the woods all around Lake Superior, especially about Port Arthur; common at Lake Nipigon, north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.} Michipicotin Eiver, Ont. (E. Bell.} Woods west of Edmonton, lat. 54°, N.W.T. (Macoun.} Methy Portage, lat. 57°. (Richardson.} Hudson Bay to Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.} CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 165 (2664.) C. flliformis, Linn. (1753); Hook., Fl. II., 223. Peat bogs, and wet marshy meadows. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Lighthouse Point, Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Elsie, near Eichibucto ; Arthurette, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) At Jupiter Eiver, and English Bay, Anticosti ; near Point Fame Lighthouse, G-aspe coast, Q. (Macoun.) Ste. Helen's Island, Montreal. (C. F. McOrea.) Marsh near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marsh west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Beaver meadows and marshes, North Hastings, Ont. ; marshes, Bruce Peninsula, Ont. ; Lake Hannah, Nipigon Eiver. and along the Kami- nistiqua, near. Fort William ; also on Livingstone Point, Lake Nipi- gon. (Macoun.) Swampy ground, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Common in the Columbia Yalley, at Donald, and westward up Beaver 'Creek Valley, Selkirk Mountains ; Westwood's Swamp, near Nanaimo, .and in a marsh at Home Lake, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Nor- way House to Cumberland House, (Hooker, FL) {2665.) C. lanuginosa, Michx., Fl. I., 175, (1803); Hook., Fl. II., 223. C.pettita, Muhl. (1805) ; Pursh, FL I., 44. C.filiformis, var. lanuginosa, Boeck. ; Bailey, Carex, Syn. 74, (1386.) Wet meadows and marshes, never in bogs; extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Moncton, and Petit- zodiac ; Edmunton, N.B. (Fowler, Oat.) Lower Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Brittain.) Salt Lake, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Grand Yalle'e, Gasp£ coast, Q. (Macoun.) West of St. Sauveur, Quebec city. (St. Cyr.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet meadows, near the junction at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common in wet meadows throughout central Ontario and westward to Lake Huron at Eed Bay, also north-westerly around Lake Nipigon, and south to the Kaminis- tiqua, near Port Arthur. (Macoun.) Meadows at Kingston, Ont. >(Millman.) Yicinity of London, Ont. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Saskatchewan Eiver to Methy Portage, lat. 57°. (Richardson.') Very abundant in marshy meadows, through- out the prairie region and extending north to Lake Athabasca, in lat. 59°, and south to lat. 49°, and westerly by Morley through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Valley ; meadoVs near Vic- toria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cadboro Bay, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Lake Mistassini ; Canada to Mackenzie Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. aemathorhyncha, C. semathorhyncha, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 373, (1871.) C.fiti/ormis, var. semathorhyncha, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 250, (1880.) C.filiformis, var. latifolia, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 74, (1886.) We have kept G. lanuginosa distinct from C. filiformis, because they 166 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. differ sufficiently in habit and general character to constitute good species. At present species in America are, in general, too ill-defined r and it is the opinion of the writer that all permanent forms should be- described, and specific distinctions placed on record, so that future workers may have less difficulty in working up the plants of any region than has been experienced by me in elaborating the flora of Canada. Specimens referred here were collected at Vancouver city,, on Burrard Inlet, by Prof. Fowler. They agree precisely with Mr. "W. Boott's description, and specimens distributed by Suksdorf. # * # Perigynium long-beaked, inflated and bicuspidate. f Perigynium smooth. Lupulince, Bailey, Car ex, Syn. 61. (2666.) C. SUbulata, Michx. (1803) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 40; Hook., FL II., 221. C. Collinsii, Nutt., Gen. N. Am. PI. II., 205, (1818.) C. Michauxii, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 273, (1826.) Deep cedar swamps, in sphagnum. Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) We have no Canadian specimens of this species. Collectors should look for it in Quebec and New Brunswick. The reflexed teeth of the perigynium and grass-like appearance of the whole plant distinguish it from the- next, which grows in the same situations. (2667.) C. Michauxiana, Bceeckeler, Linnsea, XLL, 336, (1877.) C. rostrata, Michx., Fl. I., 173, (1803.) C. xanthophysa, vars. nana & minor, Dew. Sill. Journ. XIV., 353, (1828.) C. follicuLata, Hook., Fl. II., 221, (1840.) Peat bogs, Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.) Cold bog near Louisburg,. Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Bog at Eothesay ; Lily Lake, and border of Clifton Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (Hooker, Fl.) (2668.) C. folliculata, Linn. Sp. Plant, 978, (1753.) C. xanthophysa, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV, 152, (1802.) Peat bogs and marshes. Cold swamps, Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Marshes and wet ground in numerous places at Point Pleasant, and North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Norton, and St. Martin's, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) East- man's Springs, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Port Cockburnr Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Peat bog, Caledonia Springs,, near Ottawa. (C. F. McCrea.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 167 (2669.) C. intumescens, Budge, Linn. Trans. VII., 97. (1804);. Hook., Fl. II., 221. C.fotticulata, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 152, (1802) ; Michx., FL I., 172, (1803) ; Pursh, Fl. L, 42, (1814.) Swamps and marshy woods; common. Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.)- Truro, and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.} Bather common in Pictou, and Guysboro Go's., N.S. (McKay.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.} Eather common in Kent Col; King's Co., and on St. John River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Plains of Abraham, Quebec. (St. Cyr.} Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. (D1 Urban.} Woods near Buckingham, Q. (Ami.} St. Andrews, near Montreal. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.} Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.} Wet woods, common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Very common in wet 'woods throughout central Ontario, and westward to Amherstburgh Lake Erie, and Owen Sound, Georgian Bay ; also north-westerly to Lake Ellen, Nipigon River, and along the west shore of Lake Superior, and westward to Rainy Lake. (Macoun.} Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.} Canada to Norway House, north of Lake Winnipeg. Hooker, FL) Lake of the Woods, and Rainy Lake. (Richardson.} (2670.) C. Crayii, Carey, Sill. Journ. IV., 22, (1847.) C. intumescens, var. globularis, Gray, Ann. N. Y. Lye. III., 236, (1836.) Damp woods near Buckingham, Q. ; very rare, collected by H. M. Ami. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Abundant in wet grassy woods, Colchester, near Amherstburgh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) (2671.) C. lurida, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 153, (1802.) C. lupulina, Muhl. (1805); Hook., Fl. II., 223; Macoun, Cat. No. 2118 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 41, (1814.) C. Canadends, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLL, 2d. Ser. 229, (1866.) Abundant in tufts about ponds and in ditches in Ontario. Near Windsor, N.S. (Me Gill Coll. Herb.) Hampton, and Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique River, N.B. (Hay.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) St. John, on the Richelieu River, Q. (C. F. McCrea.) Gatineau Point, Q. ; and abundant in all low grounds at Ottawa, in various forms • (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Abundant at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common throughout central and western Ontario, extending to fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) London , Ont. ; Point aux Pins, Essex Co., Ont. ; and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.} Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) 168 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. divergens, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 63, (1886.) C. Bella-villa, DewTSill. Journ. 2d. Ser. XLI., 229, (1866.) "Plant more slender, spikes scattered or remote, oblong or cylindri- cal, much more loosely flowered, more or less staminate at the apex; perigynium more straw-colored, less turgid, slenderly beaked, diverg- ing at right angles; scales longer, conspicuously awned." (Bailey.) Marshy meadows near Foxboro, six miles north of Belleville, Hast- ings Co., Ont. 1 believe, with Prof. Bailey, that this is a variety of C. lurida, but it cannot be a hybrid with G. folliculata, as that species has never been found within one hundred miles of the locality. Var. polystachya, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 63, (1886.) C. lupulina, var. polystachya, Schweinitz & Torr., Mon. Cyp. 337, (1825.) C. lupuli/ormis, Sartwell, Exsicc. 147, (1848.) C. Beyrichiana, Boeckeler, Linnsea, XLI., 239, (1877.) In Hastings and Northumberland Go's., Ont., there are numerous forms of ' Urban.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common at Prescott, Ont. (killings.) Very abundant throughout central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound, and north-westerly to Lake Nipigon and south to Port Arthur and Fort William, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Swampy flat, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Oba Lake, Ont, (E. Bdl.} Apparently quite rare in the Rocky Mountains, only noticed at Donald, Columbia Valley. (Macoun.) Saskatchewan. (Bourgeau.) Cumberland House to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Lake of the Woods, and Winnipeg River. (Richardson.) Var. Hartii, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 600, (1868.) C. Hartii, and var. Bradleyii, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. XLL, 226, (1886) C. Macounii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLL, 2d. Ser. 228, (1866.) Abundant in ponds at Stirling, Hastings Co.; and in Tudor, and Marmora, North Hastings ; also on F. Macoun's farm, Seymour, Nor- thumberland Co., Ont., 1864. I agree with Prof. Bailey in placing this under var. Hartii, Gray, where I believe it properly belongs. Prof. Dewey thought it might be new, but suggested C. Hartii as its next of kin. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 173- (2684.) C. tentaculata, Muhl. (1805); Hook., Fl. II., 222 ; Pursh,. Fl. I., 40, (1814.) C. rostrata, Willd. Sp. PL IV., 282, (1805.) C. tentaculata. var. rostrata, Pursh, Fl. I., 41, (1814.) C. Purshii, Olney, Exsicc. L, 30, (1870.) Wet grounds by rivers and ponds; not rare. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.} Ditches, Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Abundant along the shore, Bass Eiver bridge, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Chipman, N.B. (Wetmore) St. Sauveur, near Quebec. (St. Cyr) Quebec. ( W. L. Shepperd.) Nation Eiver, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott) Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; abundant at Moore's Lake, Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Woods near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) t t I Pseudocypercv, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 69. (2685.) C. Schweinitzii, Dew. Sill. Journ. IX., 68, (1825.) A very distinct and beautiful species. Very rare in Canada. New- foundland. (Reeks.) In damp, newly-cleared land, near Grafton, Northumberland Co., Ont., 1866. Never observed by me since. (Macoun) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) (2686.) C. hystricina, Muhl. (1805); Pursh, Fl. 1., 43, (1814);. Hook., Fl. II., 222. C. Cooleyi, Dew. Sill. Journ. XL VIII., 144, (1845.) C. Georgiana, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. VI., 245, (1848.) C. Thurberi, Dew. Bot. Mex. Bound. 232, (1859.) Abundant by springs and in wet meadows and marshes. New- foundland. (Reeks) Wet meadows at Annapolis, and Cape Blomidon, N.S. ; also Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Lily Lake, and Wels- ford, N.B. (Fowler, Cat) Long Lake, St. John Co., N.B. (Hay.) Murray Bay, and St. Andrews, Q. (McGill Coll. Herb) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings) Abundant in boggy meadows throughout central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound, and northwestward to Port Arthur, and northward to Blackwater Eiver, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Swamps near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman) Bosanquet, Lake Huron. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Medicine Hat, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun) Not uncommon throughout the prairie region, north of lat. 52°, (Macoun) 1*74 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2687.) C. Pseudo-Cyperus, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 44; Hook., Fl. II., 222, (1840.) Not uncommon in marshes and swamps, in woods and by brooks in the clearings. Truro, Annapolis, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Fre- quent along the borders of lakes and in ditches in Kent Co. ; Long Lake, St. John Co., and McAdam Junction, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Marsh near Campbellton, N.B. ; marshes, Gasp6 coast, Q. (Macoun.') Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet grounds, Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Swamps and stagnant pools, in clumps, very common throughout central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound, Georgian Bay. (Macoun.) Swamp, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Rainy River, north-western Ontario. (.Burgess.) Muskeg Creek, Lake Winnipeg, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Cumberland House, Saskatchewan River. (Hooker, Fl.) Rat Portage, Winnipeg River. Bourgeau.) Marsh, Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.) Var. comosa, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 252, (1880.) C.furcata, Ell. Sk. Bot. II., 552. C. Pseudo-Cyperus, Schw. & Torr., Car. Mon. 355, (1825.) C. comosa, Boott, Linn. Trans. XX., 117, (1845) ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1973. Rare in Canada or seldom collected. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) Lakeville, N.B. (Brittain.) Wet grounds near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Big Swamp, Murray, Northumber- land Co. ; Weller's Bay, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logie.) Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) .(2688.) C. trichocarpa, Muhl. (1806) ; Hook., Fl. II., 222. C. striata, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. L, 561, (1848.) C. trichocarpa, var. turbinata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XL, 159, (1827.) Rare in Canada. Bog near Picton, Prince Edward Co. , meadows along Crow River, Marmora, Hastings Co , Ont. (Macoun.) British America. (Hookey Fl.) Var. Deweyj, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. X., 293, (1885.) C. Isevi-conica, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser., XXIV, 47, (1857.) Abundant in the bed of Thunder Creek, west of Moose Jaw, and in Swift Current Valley, Assiniboia. (Macoun.') Brandon, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 1*75 Var. aristata, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. X., 293, (1885.) C. aristata, R. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 222, (1840) ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1958. C. atherodes, Sprengl. Syst. Veg. III., 828. C. orthostachys, C. Meyer, Fl. Alt. IV., 231. C. aristata var. longo-lanceata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XVIII., 102, (1854. Y~ Marshes along the Grand Trunk Eailway, three miles east and five miles west of Belleville, Ont., and in low boggy places, Crow River, close to the bridge at Marmora, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Wet ground near the Ottawa and Prescott Railway, Fresco tt, Ont. (Billings.) Lakes Superior and Huron. (Richardson.} Along the Kaministiqua River twenty miles from Lake Superior ; very abundant throughout the whole prairie region, and extending north to Peace River and Lake Athabasca, to the base of the Rocky Mountains at Morley, and in the Columbia Valley at Donald. (Macoun.} Nelson River, Keewatin. (R. Bell.} Cumberland House, and Fort Carleton, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.} This Carex produces much of the marsh hay of the prairie region, and in summer is the chief food of Indian ponies. It never grows in brackish marshes, and all ponds where it grows have good water the whole season. Dr. Gray and Prof. Bailey place C. mirata, Dewey, under this variety, but I think they are in error, as it has not the characters which separate this form from the species, but rather those of variety imberbis. I believe, however, it is a distinct variety. An examination of Prof. Dewey's Herbarium will decide this, as he had many speci- mens of it, collected by myself at Belleville, Ont., over twenty years ago. Indeed, the probabilities are that both C. Bella-villa and C. mirata equal C. livida, var. divergens, Bailey. (2689.) C. Alaskana, Boeckeler, Bugler's Bot. Jahrb. VII., Pt. III., 277, (1886$ Alaska. (Krause.} Specimens referred by Arthur Bennett, F.L.S., with doubt to this species, were gathered in damp woods on the left bank of the Red Deer River, about a mile and a half above the mouth, at the head of Lake Winnepegoosis, Man., 1881. (Macoun.} Addendum to CyperaceaB. (2690.) Scirpus Clintonii, Gray, Ed. V., 561. S. planifolius. Muhl. ; Torr. Bot. N. York II., 351, in part. A rare species in Canada ; only known from New Brunswick, but will likely be found along Lake Erie. Madawaska ; Dideguash, St. Patrick, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) 176 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2691.) S. riparius, Spreng, Fl. Austr. VIL, 327. S. pygmxus, Gray, Proced. Am. Acad. VII., 327. S. setaceus, Linn. var. Boeckeler, Linnsea, XXXVI., 500. Isolepis riparia, R. Br. ; Hook., f. Fl. Tasm. II., 89. J. leptocaulis, Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. IV., 153. In boggy spots, reached by high tides, at Beacon Hill, near Vic- toria ; also in salt marshes, below Alberni, on the west coast of Van- couver Island. (Macoun.} .CXVIII. GRAMINE^E. (GRASS FAMILY.) 673. BECKMANIA, Host. Gram. Aust. III., 5. (2692.) B. erucaeformis, Host. var. uniflorus, Scribner. Quite common in wet and overflowed grounds throughout the prairie i egion, extending east to Port Arthur, on the railway and west to Castle Mountain, in the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Souris , Plain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.} Milk River Ridge, N.W.T., and west fork of that river, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.} Wood M'ountain, Alberta. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn River, Kee- watin. (J. M. Macoun.} Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Hayes, and Churchill rivers, Hudson Bay. (E. Sell) High Bluff, Man. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Emerson, Man. ; and Medicine Hat, Alberta. (Prof. Fowler} Red River, Man., 1826. (Douglas.) Gris- wold, Man. (Rev. W. A. Burman.} 674. PANICUM. Linn. Gen. 96. (PANIC GRASS.) (2693.) P. agrostoides, Spreng. ; Torr., F). N. York II., 429. P. elongatum, Pursh, Fl. I., 69. Common in clumps along Sproat Lake, six miles from Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.} Although collected in August, the specimens are not more than half grown. There is no doubt of it being indigenous, as there are no settlements where it was found CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 177 (2694.) P. capillare, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 47; Pursh, Fl. I., 67 ; Hook., Fl. II., 236. Abundant in cultivated fields and waste places. Truro, and "Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) A weed in gardens and cultivated grounds, _N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Lobster Bay, and St. Charles Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity o? Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.*) Abundant throughout central Ontario, and westward to Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Fields at London, and Toronto. (Burgess.) Waste places, Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Wash)w Bay, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Quite common along streams throughout the prairie region ; observed only at Stamp Eiver Falls, near Sproat Lake, Alberni, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Lytton, B.C. (Hill.) Saskatchewan. (Hooker, FL) (2695.) P. CRUS-GALLI, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 46; Pursh, Fl. L, 66; Macoun, Cat, No. 2258. Oplismenus Crus-Galli, Kunth; Hook., Fl. II., 236. Usually along ditches and about barns in cultivated ground. Pictou, N.S. (Macoun. McKay.) A very variable and troublesome weed about barnyards and gardens, 3T.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Charles Eiver, Que- bec city. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Very common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in barnyards and ditches in the settled parts of Ontario, westward to Owen Sound. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Abundant around London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) West Eideau Lake, Ont. (Porter.) Var. hispidum, Ell. Sk. L, 114. P. muricatum, Michx., Fl. L, 47. (?) P. Walteri, Pursh, Fl. L, 66. Oplismenus muricatus, Kunth ; Hook., Fl. II., 236. Bather uncommon but apparently indigenous. Along the Nation Eiver, at Casselman. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) In alluvium along the Salmon Eiver, above Shannonville, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Point Edward, Eiver St. Clair, Ont. (J". M. Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Distinguished chiefly from the species by the very hispid sheaths of the leaves. (2696.) P. depauperatum, Muhl. Gram. 112. P. rectum, Rcem. & Schultz. ; Hook., Fl. II., 235. P. involutum, Torr., Fl. I., 147. Dry sandy or rocky ground ; rather rare. Newfoundland. (Reeks,) Sandy woodlands, Kingston, N.S. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa; rare. 12 178 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Huckleberry Bapids, Argenteuil Co., Q. (Z>' Urban.) Grand Trunk gravel pit, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Yeiy abun. dant on Laurentian rocks, at Shannon ville, and on the bank of the Trent, above the railway bridge, near Trenton, Hastings Co., Ont. ; dry places at Owen Sound ; up the Kaministiqua, near Kakabeka Falls, and on Pie Tsland, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Dry banks, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Plains of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2697.) P. dichotomum, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. L, 67. Bather common in dry or damp thickets and meadows. The typical form is the P. nodiflorum, Lam., and is chiefly found in meadows and on rocks. Newfoundland. (Eeeks.) Common at Bedford, KS. (Macoun.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., KS. (Faribault.) In dry fields and woods, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Banks of the Biviere Bouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drum- mond.) Vicinity of Ottawa ; common. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Thickets near Prescott, Ont. (Btllings.) Abundant on dry sandy soil through- out Ontario, extending westward to Owen Sound, and north-west to Sault Ste. Marie, and around Lake Superior to Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Ont. (McGill Coll Herb.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Windsor, and Point Pelee, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Bupert Biver, N.E.T. ; Medicine Hat, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Var. nitidum, Lam.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 649. P. nitidum, Lam. ; Michx., Fl. L, 47; Pursh, Fl. L, 67:; Hook., Fl. II., 235. This is the smooth unbranched form most frequently met with in thickets. St. James, N.B. (Vroom.) Sandy woods, near Belleville, and Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to the Sas- katchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. pubescens, Gray, Man. Ed, V., 649. P.pubescens, Lam.; Michx., Fl. L, 47; Pursh, Fl. I., 68. P. thermale, Boland. Proced. Calif. Acad. II., 181. Leaves and sheaths pubescent. Sandy woods, Point Pelde, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Valley of the Upper Columbia, B.C. (Dawson.) On the higher slopes of Mount Dawson, Boger's Pass, B.C. (Macoun.) (2698.) P. GLABRUM, Gaud. Agrost. ]., 22. Digitaria glabra, Roem. & Schultz. ; Torr. Fl. L, 154. D. Ischsemum, Schreb. ; Muhl. Gram. 121. Introduced chiefly along railways and waste ground about towns. Truro, and Pictou, N".S. (Macoun.) Fredericton, on the railway track; CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 179 Nashwaaksis, Hampton, and Salmon Kiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Point Levis, Q. (Macoun.} Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, F 7. Ott.} Kail- way track, two miles west of Prescott, Ont., and in a sandy field near that town. (Billings.} Waste places at Belleville, and Owen Sound ; on the railway track at St. Thomas, Chatham, and Windsor, Ont.. (Macoun.} Near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Meadows, roadsides, and lawns, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.} (2699.) P. latifolium, Linn.; Michx., Fl. L, 49; Pursh, PI. I., 68 ; Hook., Fl. If., 235. P. dandestinum, Hook., Fl. II., 235. Waste ground, Grand Trunk gravel pit, near Prescott, Ont. (Bil- lings.') Eich rocky woods and thickets, common in Prince Edward, Hastings, and Northumberland Go's., Ont. ; Grassy woods, Niagara Falls. (Macoun.} Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Sandy wood- lands, near London. (Burgess. Millman.} Jones Falls, near Kingston, Ont. (Millman} Quebec, and Ontario. (Hooker, Fl.} (2700.) P. laxiflorum, Lam.; Pursh, Fl. L, 68. Small specimens of this species have been sent from St. Stephen, N.B., by Mr. James Yroom. They are, although very small, identical with others received from Dr. Vasey, Botanist Agricultural Depart- ment, Washington. (2701.) P. microcarpum, Muhl. var. spheerocarpon, Vasey. P. dichotomum, var. sphserocarpum, Gray. In thickets on dry hillsides, near Windsor, N.S., 1883. (Macoun & Burgess.) All the various forms which have hitherto passed as P. dichotomum should be carefully examined and compared with authentic specimens as there is no doubt but we have more forms than are here recorded. (2702.) P. pauciflorum, Ell.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 648. Open prairie, Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.} Swampy prairie, Bed Kiver, Man. (Dawson.} (2703.) P. SANGUINALE, Linn. Sp. PI. I., 55. J)igitaria sanguinale, Michx., Fl. I. 45 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 69. Syntherisma prsecox, Walt. Fl. Car. 76. Fields, roadsides, and railway tracks, sparingly introduced. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Banks of the St. Lawrence, west of Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Common at Queen ston and Niagara. (Macoun.} Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Waste places at London, and Point Pelde, Ont. (Burgess.} Eoadside, Port Dover, Ont. (Millman.} 180 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2704.) P. scoparium, Lam. Encycl. IV. P. pauciflorum, Ell. (?) ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 648. Sparingly collected on Point Pele'e, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Spence's- Bridge, B.C. (Fletcher.) Abundant at Long Lake, near Departure Bay, shores of Shawnigan and Home Lakes, and common at Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2705.) P. virgatum, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 352 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 67 ; Hook., Fl. II., 235. Sandy shores of rivers and lakes. Sands of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; shores of Eed and Chicken Bays, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McG-ill Coll Herb.} Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Red Deer River, north of Porcupine Mountain, Man.; sandhills, at the source of the Q.u'Appelle River, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) Lake Huron, and Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Red River,. Man., 1826. (Douglas.) (2706.) P. xanthophysum, Gray, Gram. & Cyp. I., 20; Hook.r Fl. II., 235. Rather rare in open, rocky, or sandy woods. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Fields near the Grand Trunk gravel pit, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Dry thickets and meadows, east of Belleville ; very common ; also on Rice Lake Plains, and at Port Dover Junction r Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Port Colborne,. Lake Erie. (Me Gill Coll. Herb.) La Cloche, Trading Post, Georgian Bay. (E. Bell.) Sandy soil, twenty miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior ; not uncommon in thickets along the Assiniboine, as far west as Fort Ellice, Man. (Macoun.) Plains of the Saskatchewan, (Hooker, Fl.) 674. SETARIA, Beauv. (BRISTLY FOXTAIL-GRASS.) (2707.) S. GLAUCA, Beauv. ; Hook., Fl. II., 236. Panicum glaucum, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 46 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 66. Pennisetum glaucum, E. Br., Prodr. 195. Naturalised in cultivated grounds, and on waste places about towns and cities. A common weed in gardens and manured ground, Bass River, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Remi, Q. (McGill Coll Herb.) Point Levis, Q. (Macoun.) Quebec city. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl Ott.) Very common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings,) Abun- dant in all cultivated grounds near barns, and on waste lots in villages CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 181 in central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound. (Macoun.) Waste lots and gardens, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Fields near London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Saskatchewan. (Hooker, FL) (2708.) S. ITALICA, Kunth ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 650. Introduced and cultivated, but spontaneous for some years after. Yacant lots, Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Common on waste lots, Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Frequent in vacant lots about towns and vil- lages in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Old fields, London, Ont. (Burgess, Millman.} (2709.) S. VERTICILLATA, Beauv. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 649. Panicum verticillatum, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 66. Waste places near dwellings; not common. Pictou Co., N.S. (Som- mers, Cat.) On ballast at St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Not rare in cultivated ground around Belleville, Ont. ; fields at Owen Sound ; waste lots, Toronto. (Macoun.) Eoadside near Montreal. (Fletcher.} Fields and roadsides, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) (2710.) S. VIRIDIS, Beauv. Agrost. 51. Panicum viride, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 66. Pennisetum viride, E. Br. Prodr. 195. Naturalized in cultivated grounds. Yery common everywhere in the( settled districts. Grand Lake, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Gardens and cultivated grounds, Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Yacant lots, Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Point Levis, Q. (Macoun.) Yery abundant about Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Yery common at Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in all cultivated ground throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Fields and waste places, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Yicinity of London, Ont. ; Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) 675. CENCHRUS, Linn. (HEDGE-HOG GRASS) (2711.) C. TRIBULOIDES, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 61; Pursh, Fl. I., 60. C. echinatus, Muhl. ; Torr., Fl. I., 68. C. Carolinianus, Walt., Fl. Car. 79. Introduced along railways in a few localities. Groat Western Kail- way, a mile east of Dundas, Ont. (Logie.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McG-ill Coll Herb.) Point Pclde, and Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Sandy shore, near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Pearson.) 182 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 676. SPARTINA, Schreb. (CORD-GRASS) (2712.) S. cynosuroides, Willd. Enum. L, 80; Hook., Fl. IT., 242. S. polystachya, Hook., Fl. II., 242. Dactylis cynosuroides, Linn. Sp. I., 71. Trachynotia cynosuroides, Michx., Fl. L, 64. Limnetis cynosuroides, Pursh, Fl. I., 59. Abundant in fresh and salt-water marshes and by rivers. Marsh at Truro, N.S. (Campbell.') Oyster Marsh, N.S. (McGill Coll Herb.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay?) Marshes at Annapolis, and Windsor, N.S., and Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Marshes, especially near the coast, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, and at the mouth of the Eestigouche, Q. (Macoun.) Pentecost River, Q. (St.Cyr.) St. Remi, and Montreal Mountain, Q. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) River Trent, at Trenton, and Wel- ler s Bay, Lake Ontario ; not uncommon along the still waters of the Trent and Gull rivers, in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Moon River, Muskoka, and London, Ont. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) High Bluff, Man. (McG-ill Coll Herb.) Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) Souris River, Man. (Millman.) Very abundant in marshes throughout Manitoba and north-westward to the Saskatchewan. (Macoun.) Red River prairie, Man., 1826. (Douglas.) Saskatchewan to Little Slave Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) Win- nipeg, and Northwest Angle Road; east of the Souris River, Man. (Dawson.) (2713.) S. graciliS, Trin.; Steud. Gram. 214. Yery abundant in salt marshes throughout the whole prairie region. It is seldom tall, and is usually cut for hay. Old Wives Lakes, Red Deer Lakes, and the prairie south of Battleford. (Macoun.) Wood Mountain, Assiniboia. (Millman, Dawson.) (2714.) S. juncea, Willd. Enum. I., 81. Trachynotia juncea, Michx., Fl. I., 64. Limnetis juncea, Pers.; Pursh, Fl. I., 59. Salt marshes at Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Salt marshes, Kouchibou- guac, and Richibucto, N B. (Fowler, Cat.) Marshes, Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Margaret's Bay, N.S. (Millman* Herb.) Salt marshes, Bic, Q. (Pringle.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 183 (2715.) S. polystachya, Willd.; Hook., Fl. II., 242, in part. Canada. (Hooker, FL) Magdalen Islands, KS. (McKay.*) We strongly suspect that these references belong to S, cynosuroides. The remark in Gray's Manual that S. cynosuroides is only a fresh-water species, is not borne out by the facts, as all my eastern specimens were gathered in brackish marshes, and certainly the awn and other distinctive characters were just as well marked as in the specimens from the Great Lakes. (2716.) S. Stricta, Both. var. glabra, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 628 Salt marshes, Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Burgess.) Marshes, Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Var. alterniflora, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 620. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.} Salt marshes, Eichibucto, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt marsh, nearly at low tide, Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Margaret's Bay, N.S. (Millman, Herb.} Salt marsh, Lower St. Lawrence. ( Pringle.} Cacouna, Q. (Burgess, Herb.} 677. ZIZANIA, Linn. Gen. 1062. (WILD RICE.) (2717.) Z. aquatica, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. L, 60. Z. davulosa, Michx., Fl. I., 75. Hydropyrum escukntum, Link. ; Hook., Fl. II., 233. Yery abundant in many marshes and lakes throughout Ontario. Abundant in water at Hampton, and other places in King's Co.; not rare at Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Beauport, Q. ; and Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) St. Andrews, Q. (McGill Coll. Herb.} Borders of rivers and brooks, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very abundant in the Bay of Quinte, and Eice Lake, and throughout the whole length of the Trent and all its tributaries; common in marshes all around the Great Lakes, and nine miles west of Fort William, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.} Marsh at the mouth of the Mississaugi Eiver, Georgian Bay. (E. Bell.} Marshes, Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Marshes at Kingston, and Picton, Ont. (Millman.) Toronto marsh, and Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.} Lake of the Woods, Eosseau Eiver, Man. (Burgess. Dawson.) Lake Huron. (Hooker, FL) New- foundland. (Eeeks.) 184 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 678. LEERSIA, Swartz. (WHITE GRASS.) (2718.) L. oryzoides, Swartz. ; Pursh, PI. I., 62 ; Hook., Fl. II., 233. Phalaris oryzoides, Linn. Sp. L, 55. Asprella oryzoides, Lam. 111. No. 858. Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Wet banks of streams, Bass 'River, N.B (Fowler, Cat.} Charlotte and Carleton Co's., N.B. (Vroom.) King's Co., N.B. (Brittam.} Aylmer, Q. ; rare near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Conway's Creek ; very common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.*) Low marshy meadows and ditches; common throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.} Marshes, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Shallow water, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.} Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Newfoundland. (Reeks.} (2719.) L. Virginica, Willd. ; Hook., Fl. II., 233. Asprella Virginica, Eoem. & Schultz. Syst. II., 266. Swamps in wet, shady woods, evidently rare in Ontario. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Shallow water, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Ontario. (Goldie.) Newfoundland. (Reeks.} 679. ANDROPOGON, Linn. Gen. 1145. (BEARD-GRASS.) (2720.) A. provincialis, Lam ; Scribner, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. IX., 116. A.furcatus, Muhl. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 75; Hook., Fl. II., 256 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2268. Rather common in dry, sandy thickets or open woods. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Eocky woodlands, west of Brockville^ Ont. (Billings.} Sandy fields and thickets east of Belleville; very abundant on Rice Lake Plains, and on sandy and gravelly soil all through central Ontario, and westward to Lake Erie. (Macoun.} Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie ) Port Colborne, Ont. (McG-ill Coll. Herb.} Shady woodland, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.} Shores of Red Deer River, near Porcupine Mountain, Man (Macoun.} Hud- son Bay; Lake Huron; Saskatchewan to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL} Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson. Burgess.} Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.} Red River, Man., 1826. (Douglas.} CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 185 (2721.) A. scoparius, Michx., Fl. I., 57; Pursh, Fl. I., 74 ; Hook., Fl. II., 256. A. purpurascens, Willd. Sp. IV., 913. Pottinia scoparia, Spreng. ; Roem. & ^chultz. Syst. II., 832. Dry sandy soil, widely distributed. Goat Island, in Grand Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Kirk's Ferry, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abun- dant on Bice Lake Plains, and westward to Lakes Erie and Huron. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Out. (Logie.) Port Colborne, Ont. {McGill Coll. Herb.) Sandy soil, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman) East side ot La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.} South Antler Creek, Man. (Millman.} Abundant in dry spots in Manitoba, and throughout the southern prairie region to Calgary and Morley, Alberta. (Macoun.) Banks of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) 680. CHYSOPOGON, Trin. (WOOD-GRASS.) <2722.) C. nutans, Benth. & Hook., Gen. Plant. III., 1135. Andropogon nutans, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 74. A. avenaceu*, Michx., Fl. I., 58; Pursh, Fl. L, 74; Hook., Fl. II., 257. Sorghum nutans, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2271. Dry sandy woods, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eocky wood- land west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Bank of the Trent at Heely Falls ; common on Eice Lake Plains ; along the Humber and Don, at Toronto, and at Niagara Falls. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London; and Port Cockburn, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) -Saskatchewan. (Hooker, FL) High Bluff, Man. (McGill Coll. Herb.) 681. PHALARIS, Linn. Gen. 74. (CANARY-GRASS.) (2723.) P. arundinacea, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 43 ; Pursh, Fl. L, 65 ; Hook., Fl. II., 234. P. Americana, Torr., Fl. I., 100. Calamagrostis colorata, Nutt, Gen. I., 46. In ditches, marshes, and the borders of ponds ; common westward Marshes at Truro, and Annapolis, IST.S. ; and at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Not uncommon in Carleton Co., and along the St. John River, KB. ( Vroom.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Becscie Eiver, and Ellis Bay, Aiiticosti. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, 186 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Fl. Oft.) Swamps; common at Prescott, Out. (Billings.) Borders of ponds, marshes, and swamps, throughout central Ontario, westward to Owen Sound, north-westerly to Lake Nipigon, and south to the Kaministiqua Eiver, fifteen miles from its mouth. (Macoun ) Vicin- ity of Hamilton, Out. (Logie.) Port Colborne, Out. (McGill Coll Herb.} Swampy river bank, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Sault Ste. Marie. (R. Bell.} North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.y Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Black Eiver, Lake Winnipeg ; Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Lake of the Woods ; Red River prairie, Man, (Dawson.) Abundant in marshes throughout Manitoba, and westward to the Peace Eiver, lat. 56° ; rather common in ponds in the foot-hills around Morley, and westward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Valley ; common in northern British Columbia on the Nachacco; along Shawuigan Lake, and the Alberni Canal, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Frequent on the banks of streams, from Canada to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay to the Pacific ocean. (Hooker, Fl.) Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) (2724.) P. CANARIENSIS, Linn. Sp. I., 54. Spontaneous on waste heaps around towns and villages. Pictour N.S. (McKay.) Spreading from ballast at St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Quebec city. (St. Cyr.) Around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Waste places, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Waste heaps at Belle- ville, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake shore at Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Waste places, London, Ont. (Burgess.) On ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 682. ANTHOXANTHUM, Linn. Gen 42. (SWEET- SCENTED VERNALi GRASS.) (2725.) A. ODORATUM, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 39; Pursh, Fl. I., 65 -r Hook., Fl. II., 235. Introduced in meadows and pastures, chiefly eastward. Newfound- land. (Reeks.) Bedford, Halifax Co., KS. (Somwers, Cat.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Truro, Halifax, and Yarmouth, KS. (Macoun.) Common in grass fields and pastures, Bass River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ste. Genevieve Island, Seven Islands Bay, and Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Port Colborne, Ont. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Low mea- dows, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Abundant in meadows at Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. ^(Macoun.) Greenland. (Lange.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 187 683. HIEROCHLOA, Cmel. (HOLY GRASS.) (2726.) H. alpina, Eoem. & Schultz.; Hook., Fl. II., 234. Holcus alpinus, Wahl. Fl. Lapp., 31. Oh the summits of high mountains and northward. Ford's Harbor, coast of Labrador ; Cape Chudleigh, and Cape Prince of Wales, Hud- son Strait. (R. Bell} Ungava Bay, Labrador. (Barnston.) Pond's Bay, and Lancaster Sound, Baffin's Bay. (Dr. Kennedy.) On the coast' of Hudson Bay, between Fort Churchill and Cape Lady Pelly. (Dr. Rae.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hay den.} Fort George, James Bay. (J". M. Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe", Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Mountain at Finlayson Eiver, alt. 4,300 feet, lat. 61° 30°, north of British Columbia. (Daw son.) Labrador, and Arctic sea-shores and islands. (Hooker, FL) Ounalashka, Kotzebue Sound, and Arctic coast. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2727.) H. borealis, Eoem. & Schultz.; Hook., Fl. II., 234. Holcus odoratus, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 56. H.fragrans, Pursh, Fl. I., 78. Sandy shores, meadows, or prairies ; widely distributed. Newfound- land. (Reeks.) Truro, and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) On the Mag- dalen Islands, N.S. (J. Richardson.) Bedford Basin, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Coast of Labrador. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Molus Eiver, Eichi- bucto and elsewhere, in Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Sheldrake Eiver, and Pentecost Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe*, Q. (Porter.) Border of a field near Belleville, Ont. ; extremely abundant all around Lake Superior, and northward up the Nipigon Eiver, to Camp Alexander. (Macoun.) Eiver flat, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Point aux Pins, Lake Erie ; Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Swampy prairie, Eed Eiver, andPembina Mountain, Man. (Dawson.) Lake Mistassini, and down Eupert Eiver, to James Bay ; Beren's Eiver, and Severn River, Kee- watin ; Moose Mountain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Oxford House, Keewatin. ( R. Bell.) Very common in wet prairies and along rivers and lakes throughout the whole prairie region, and north to Peace Eiver; not uncommon from the meadows at Morley through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley; common in northern Bri- tish Columbia to lat. 55°, at Fort McLeod. (Macoun.) Telegraph Creek, lat. 58°, B.C.; Upper Liard Eiver, lat. 60°, B.C. ; Lewes Eiver, 188 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. lat. 62°, north of British Columbia. (Dawson.) Ounalashka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) Saskatchewan, and the Rocky Mountains ; dry ground, near the source of the Columbia ; Nootka Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) (2728.) H. pauciflora, E. Brown, Hook., Fl. II., 234. Melville, and other Arctic Islands. (Hooker, Fl.) 684. ALOPECURIS, Linn. Gen. 78. (FOX-TAIL GRASS.) t (2729.) A. alpinus, Smith; Hook., Fl. II., 234, in part. Cape Prince of Wales, Digge's Island, Mansfield Island, and Notting- ham Island, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell) Fort George, James Bay ; between Fort Severn, and York Factory, Hudso n Bay. (J. M. Macouri) Island of St. Lawrence, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Pond's Bay, and Port Kennedy, Lancaster Sound. (Dr. Walker.) Coast of Hudson Bay, between Fort Churchill and Eepulse Bay. (Dr. Rae.) Arctic sea-shores and islands. (Hooker, FL) Point Barrow, Arctic -coast. (John Murdoch.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2730.) A. geniculatUS, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 233. Apparently introduced eastward. Newfoundland. (Reeks) Abun- dant in ditches, Point Pleasant, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun. Sommers, Cat.) St. Andrews, KB. (Vroom.) Wet places, Carleton, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) Gravelly beach at the lower end of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; muddy flats at Amherstburgh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Watery places on the prairie west of Eed Deer Lakes, Alberta. (Macoun.) Along the South Saskatchewan, Alberta. (Dawson.) Greenland. (Lange.) Yar. aristulatus, Munro ; Torr., Fl. I., 97. A. aristulatus, Michx., Fl. I., 43 ; Hook., Fl. II., 233 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2115. A. sub-aristatus, Pursh, Fl. I., 66- Muddy places and ponds ; common and widely distributed. Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay) Charlotte Co., N.B. ( Vroom.) Petitcodiac, N.B. (Brittain.) Wet places, Bass Eiver, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Salt Lake, Anti- costi. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common throughout central Ontario, and extending north-westerly to Nipigon River and Lake. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Shallow water at London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay; Dawson Road, near CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 180 Port Arthur; at Emerson. Man. (Burgess.'} Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Rupert River, N.E.T. ; Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Churchill River, Hudson Bay. (R. Sell.) Not uncommon between Win- nipeg and Point du Chien, Man. (Dawson.) In muddy places through- out the prairie region, especially northward, and from Calgary through the Rocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley; through northern British Columbia, to Fort McLeod, lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Ilgacho Brook, B.C. (Dawson.) Red River, Man., 1826. (Douglas.) Canada to Bear Lake. (Hooker, FL) Departure Bay, Vancouver Island. (Meehan.) Yar. robustus, Yasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XY., 13. In wet places at Ladner's Landing, on the Fraser River, BC., 1885, (Fletcher.) Ponds, near Yictoria and Cedar Hill (1875) ; and on Mount Benson, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Alaska. (Vasey.) This is a new variety. (2731.) A. Macounii, Yasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XY., 12. A. geniculatus, var. pumila, Vasey. (MS. ?), 1875. On dry rocks close to Yictoria, 1875. Abundant in hollows in rocks- where water lies, in the spring at Cadboro and Oak bays, near Yictoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Very near if not identical with A. Howellii, Vasey. (2732.) A. PRATENSIS, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 65; Hook., Fl. II., 234. Introduced from Europe and very abundant in meadows in the Atlantic provinces. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Bedford, Halifax Co., KS. (Sommers, Cat.) Very abundant at Annapolis (where it is locally named French Timothy), Grand Pre, "Windsor, and Halifax, KS \ common at Louis burg, Cape Breton, where its French origin is again seen ; not uncommon in meadows at Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2733.) A. occidentals, Scribner, Coulter's Bot, Gaz. XI., 170, (1886.) A. alpinus, Dawson, Bound. Rep. 377. A.pratensis, var. alpestris, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, IT. States, 34, (1885.) A. alpinus, Hook., Fl. II., 234, in part. North Fork of Old Man River, foot-hills of Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) The leafy bract at the base of the spike is very characteristic of this species. 190 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 685 ARISTIDA, Linn. Gen. 74. (TRIPLE-AWNEDJGRASS.) (2734.) A. basiramea, Engelmann; Upham, Cat. Min. PI. 163. Vicinity of Brandon, Man. (R. J. Scott.) This is a new species found first by Mr. AY. Upham, at Minneapolis, Minn. (2735.) A. dichotoma, Linn.; Michx. Fl. 41; Pursh, PI., I., 72. Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (Me Grill Coll. Herb.) We have seen no Canadian specimens of this species. (2736.) A. purpurea, Nutt.; Steud. Gram. 134. On dry hillsides, at Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1883. (Fletcher.) Only this station is known at present in Canada. 686. STIPA, Linn. Gen. 90. (FEATHER-GRASS.) (2737.) S. avenacea, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 617. In sandy open pine woods, Point aux Pins, eight miles above Sault Ste. Marie, 1869. (Macoun.) (2738.) S. comata, Trin. & Eupr., Stipacese, 76. S. juncea, Nutt., Gen. I., 58. S. capillata, Hook., Fl. II., 237. S. occidental, Bolander, Proced. Calif. Acad. IV., 169, in part ; Macoun, Cat. No., 2151. Abundant on dry prairies, and extending into British Columbia. Cypress Hills, and Milk Kiver Eidge, Alberta. (Dawson.) Abundant at Eeed Lake, Fort Walsh, and numerous other localities throughout the prairie region ; vicinity of Spence's Bridge, B.C., and on dry rocks near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Along the Fraser, at Lytton, B. C. (Fletcher.) Abundant at Kamloops, and Shuswap Lake, B. C. (Prof. Fowler.) Fort Carleton, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2739.) S. Richardson! i, Link., Hort. Berol. II., 245. Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) North shore of Lake Superior, from Michipicotin to Pic Eiver, and Peninsula Harbor. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Near Edmonton, on the Saskatchewan, and northerly to Lesser Slave Lake. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 191 Tar. major, K Tar. Abundant in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains, at Morley, and westward to Donald, in the Columbia Talle.y. (Macoun.) This form exactly matches Scribner's No. 341 from Montana, but is quite unlike our northern and eastern specimens. (2140.) S. spartea, Trin. ; Gray, Man. Ed. T., 617. Tery abundant on the northern prairie region, forming the "North- ern Buffalo Grass" of the Canadian ranchman. Its seeds in the wetter portions are very troublesome, penetrating the wool of sheep and cloth- ing of men, and causing much annoyance. This grass, however, con- stituted the winter food of the buffalo, and is now the delight of horses in the winter season. It is usually classed with the " bunch" grasses. There is no part of the dry prairie where it does not grow, from Por- tage la Prairie westward to the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.') Pembina Mountain, and from Winnipeg to Point du Chein, Man. (Dawson.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1826. (Douglas.) (2741.) S/.viridula, Trin. Act, Petrp. 39, (1836.) S. spartea, Hook., Fl. II., 237, not Trin. S. parviflora, Nutt. I., 58, not Desf. Tery common around badger holes, and in coulees throughout the prairie region and westward to the Pacific. Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) White Mud Eiver, and Wood Mountain, Assiniboia. (Dawson.) Bank of Souris Eiver, Man. (Burgess.) Abundant from Winnipeg to the Eocky Mountains, and westward to the Columbia Talley, at Donald ; common around Tictoria, on Cedar Hill, and at Oak Bay, Tancouver Island. (Macoun.) Banks of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2742) S. Columbiana, K Sp. Closely related to the preceding, but much less in size, with a smaller panicle and an awn scarcely an inch long j glumes purplish, acuminate to a slender point. Yale, B.C. ; Cedar Hill, four miles from Tictoria, Tancouver Island. (Macoun.) 192 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 687. ORYZOPSIS, Michx. (MOUNTAIN RICE.) (2743.) O. asperifolia, Michx., Fl. I., 51; Pursh, Fl. I., 60 ; Hook.r Fl. II., 236. Urachne asperifolia, Trin. Diss. I., 174. U. leucosperma, Link. Hort. Berol. I., 94. Eocky woods, not infrequent, and widely extended. Newfoundland. (Reeks.} Eocky woods, Truro, and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Frederic- ton Junction, and Port Elgin ; Petitcodiac ; common at Salmon Eiver, in " blue-berry barrens," KB. (Fowler, Cat.} Madeline Eiver, Gaspe coast, Q. (Porter.} Gomin's Wood, Quebec city. (St. Cyr.} Woods along Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.} Woods in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.} Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.} Eich, rocky woods throughout central Ontario, westward to Owen Sound, north-westerly to Nipigon Eiver, and south to Port Arthur, and twelve miles up the Kaministiqua Eiver. (Macoun.} Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (Me Gill Coll. Herb.} Vicinity of Kingston, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.} Woods near Toronto. (Burgess.} Wooded banks, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.} Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Not uncommon on dry slopes from the Kananaskis through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley at Donald, B.C. ; near Clinton, and at Soda Creek, on the Fraser, B.C. (Macoun.) Canada to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) (2744.) O. Canadensis, Torr. Fl. N. York II., 433. 0. parti flora, Nutt.; Hook., Fl. II., 236. Stipa juncea, Michx., Fl. 1., 54. S. Canadensis, Poir. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 72. Milium pungens, Torr., Fl. I., 78. Urachne brevicaudata, Trin. Gen. Pan., 27. Eather rare in dry sandy and pine woods. Manowin Island, Seven Islands Bay, St. Lawrence Eiver. (St. Cyr.} Tadousac, Lower St. Lawrence, Q. (A. T. Drummond.} Eocky woods, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Woodlands west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.} Quite common at Chalk Eiver, on the Ottawa, and at North Bay, Lake Nipissing ; dry sandy hills at Belleville, and on the Oak Hills, Hast- ings Co. ; very common on Eice Lake Plains, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.} Sandy thickets along Lake Huron, at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.} Twenty-five miles west of Port Arthur, on high dry land. (Macoun.} Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.} South CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 193 Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains ; upper crossing of the Blackwater River, B.C. (Dawson.) Occasionally met with on dry gravelly slopes in the Rocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain to Donald in the Columbia Valley; Soda Creek, Eraser River, and Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Macoun.) (2745.) O. melanocarpa. Muhl. Gram. 79. 0. asperifolia, Kunth, Enurn. I., 176, in part. Milium racemosum, Smith; Bigel. Fl. Bost., 25. Piptatherum mgrum, Torr., Fl. I., 79. Urachne racemosa, Trin. Diss. L, 174. Rocky woods, rather rare and local. Woods, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Mirivvin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common amongst Laurentian rocks at Shannonville, and through- out North Hastings, Ont, (Macoun.) Jones Falls, Rideau Canal, Ont. (Millman.) Wooded hillsides, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2746.) O. cuspidata, Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. XIX., 82. Ericoma cuspidata, Nutt. Gen. I, 40 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2143. Stipa membranacea, Pursh, Fl. II., 728 ; Hook., Fl. II., 237. S. hymenoides, Rcem. & Schultz. Syst. II., 339. Urachne lanata, Trin. Panic. 38. Fendleria rhynchelytroides, Steud. Syn. Gram. 420. A most beautiful grass, growing in large clumps on sand in the prairie region and British Columbia. White Mud River, Assiniboia, and Milk River Ridge, Alberta. (Dawson. Burgess.} Very abundant amongst sand hills at the source of the Qu'Appelle ; north of the Cypress Hills; and south of Battleford. (Macoun} Fort Carleton, Saskatchewan River. (Hooker, FL) 688. MILIUM, Linn. Linn. Gen. 79. (MILLET-GRASS) (2747.) M. effusum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 235. A fine tall grass, growing in cold damp woods throughout the north- ern forest region. Wet thickets, Whycocomagh, Cape Breton ; and at Salt Lake, and Jupiter River, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Richmond, Carle- ton Co., KB. (Fowler, Cat.) Between Florenceville and Andover, N.B. (Brittain.) Nepisiquit Lakes, KB. (Hay.) Island of Orleans, and Thunder River, Q. (St. Cyr.) Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. (D 'Urban.) Damp woods near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Woods, near Prescott, Ont; common. (Billings.) Cold woods, and cedar swamps, central Ontario, westward to Owen Sound, and north-westerly 13 194 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. to Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Komoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Wet woods, vicinity of London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Neighbor. liood of Montreal and Quebec. (Hooker, Fl.) 689. MUEHLENBERCIA, Schreber. (DROP-SEED.) <2748.) M. diffusa, Schreb.; Pursh, Fl. I., 40. Dilepycum minuiiftorum, Michx., Fl. I.,40. In grassy woodlands along Lake Erie, above the Canal at Port Col- borne. (Macoun.) Point Pele'e, Essex Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) (2749.) M. glomerata, Trin.; Hook., Fl. IT., 237. Polypogon glomeratus, Willd. Enum. I., 87. P. setosus, Spreng. Mant. I., 31. P. racemosus, Nutt. Gen. I., 51. Agrostis racemosa, Michx., Fl. I., 53 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 65. A. setosa, Muhl. Gram. 68. Cinna racemosa, Kunth. Enum. L, 207. Not uncommon in swamps, and along brooks and rivers. Weldford, Kent Co. ; Kennebeccasis, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Petiticodiac, N.B. (Brittain.) Becscie Eivcr, and Jupiter River, Anticosti ; Madeline River, Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Chelsea, Q. (Billings.) Near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Marsh near Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Beaver meadows, North Hastings, Ont.; Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Low grounds, Lon- don, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Point between Shib-wah and Batch-ah-wa-nah rivers, Georgian Bay ; Michipicotin River, and Oba Lake, Ont. (£. Bell.) Wet bank, twenty- five miles up the Kaministiqua River ; also frequent on the margins of lakes and swamps throughout the prairie region, and north-west to Peace River ; rather rare in the Rocky Mountains, from Morley to Donald in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Plains of the Saskatchewan to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2750.) M. Mexicana, Trin. Diss. L, 189. Agroslis Mexicana, Linn. ; Muhl. Gram. 67 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 64. A. lateriftora, Michx., Fl. L, 53 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 64. Cinna Mexicana, Link. Enum. L, 71. Moist meadows and borders of moist thickets. Frederictoii ; Petit- codiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Simonds, Carle ton Co.,N.B. (Brittain.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 195 On sandy banks of the Riviere Rouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Along the rocks, Major Hill Park, Ottawa, (Fletcher, Fl Ott.) Woods near Prescott Junction, and close to Ottawa. (Billings.') Low rich land along Cold Creek, at Wooler, Ont. ; frequent in meadows and thickets, Hastings Co.; and at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Point Edward, St. Clair River, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Near Kingston, Ont. {Burgess.} Swampy meadows, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Manitoulin Island, G-eorgian Bay. (Burgess.*) Along Current River, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) (2751.) M. sylvatica, Torr. & Gray, Gram. & Cyp. L, No. 13. Agrostis sylvatica, Torr., Fl. L, 87. A. di/usa, Muhl. Grain. 64. Rocky beds of streams and by waterfalls. Low rocky places, Frederic- ton; Belleisle, King's Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Dideguash River, N.B. (Hay.) Abundant along the Moira and Trent rivers, in Hastings and Northumberland Co's., Ont. (Macoun.) Rocky banks, Moon River, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) (2752) M. Willdenovii, Trin. Diss. L, 188. Agrostis tenuiflora, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 63. Cmna tenuiflora, Link. Enum. I., 71. Rocky woods, apparently rare. Rocky banks and woods along the Moira, half a mile above the railway bridge, at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Rocky wooded bank of river, Niagara Falls. (Burgess.) This species is distinguished from M. Mexicana by its long-awned palets, and from M. sylvatica by its contracted and very slender panicle and short-pointed glumes. 690. BRACHYELYTRUM, Beauv. Agrostogr. 39. (2753.) B. aristatum, Beauv.; Torr., Fl. L, 102. Muehlenbergia erecta, Schreb. ; Pursh, Fl. I., .61. M. aristata, Pers.; Hook., Fl. II., 237. M. Brachyelytrum, Trin. Diss. I., 88. Dilepycum aristosum, Michx., Fl. L, 40. Rocky woods, not common. In woods at Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Rocky woods, Molus River, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Montmorency River, Q. (St. Cyr.) Woods at Chelsea, Q. (Billings.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Woods west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Rather common in woods throughout central Ontario. 196 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Macoun.} Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Rich woods, London, Ont. ; Moon River, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Owen Sound, and woods at Queenston Heights, Ont. ; woods along Current River, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Canada. (Goldie.) 69L PHLEUM, Linn. Gen. 77. (TIMOTHY-GRASS) (2754.) P. alpinum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 234. P. Hxnkeanum, Presl, Rel. Heenk. L, 245. Jupiter River, Anticosti. (Macoun.} Summit of Mount Albert, Gaspd, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.} North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.') Cypress Hills, and on elevated mountain pastures in the Rocky Mountains, and westward to the summit of the Selkirk Range. (Macoun.') Abundant on the Little Bow River, and Porcupine Hills ; western summit of the North Koo- tanie Pass, Rocky Mountains ; llgacho Lake, B.C. ; Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°. (Dawson.) Cariboo Mountains, alt. 6,000 feet, and Skagit River, B.C. (Bowman.) Not rare on mountain slopes at Goldstream, and in mountain woods atNanaimo, and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Sitka, and Ounalashka, Kotzebue Sound, and Island of St. Lawrence. (Rothr. Alask.) Summits of the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2755.) P. PRATENSE, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. L, 65; Hook., Fl. II., 234. This species is extensively cultivated in every part of Canada, and is found naturalized in all old clearings and aroun i lumber camps and on the forest roads leading to them. It seems as much at home in Newfoundland as in Ontario and Vancouver Island. 692. PHIPPSIA, R. Br., App. Parry Voy. 285. (2756.) P. algida, R. Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 238. Melville and other Arctic islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Pond's Bay, Lancaster Sound. (Dr. Walker.) Point Barrow, Arctic coast. (John Murdoch.) Cape Chudleigh, and Mansfield Island, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) West side of Davis Straits. (/. Taylor.) Var. monandra, Kunth. P. monandra, Trin.; Hook., Fl. II., 238. Kotzebue Sound, and Bay of St. Lawrence. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 693. SPOROBOLUS, R. Br. (DROP-SEED GRASS.) (2*757.) S. asperifolius, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 270. Vilfa asperifolius, Nees. & Meyer, in Trin. Agrost. I., 73. Sporobolus arenaceus, Buckl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 89, (1862.) Dry, open prairie, on the east side of Eeed Lake, Assiniboia, 1880. {Macoun.) Upper valley of the Columbia, near a hot spring, B.C. (JDawson.} Chinaman's Ranche, on the Thompson River, B.C. (Fletcher.) (2758.) S. cryptandrus, Gray, Man. Ed. IT., 542. Agrostis cryptandra, Torr. Ann. Lye. N. York. I., 151. Vilfa cryptandra, Trin. Agrost. I., 47. V. aspera, Logie, Cat. Hamilton Plants. On the sands of Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) Along Burlington Beach, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) On sand along the lake shore, Toronto Island ; Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Sandy shore, Hamilton, Ont. (Millman.) Point Edward, River St. Clair, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.} Amongst sand, Stinking Lake, and Mapie Creek, north of Cypress Hills, Assiniboia. (Macoun.} (2Y59.) S. cuspidatus, Scribner, Torr. Bull. IX., 103. Vilfa cuspidata, Torr. ; Hook., Fl. II., 238. Agroslis cryptandra, Torr. Ann. Lye. N. York L, 151. Simonds, Carleton Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Rather common on dry prairies, from Manitoba westward to the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) North Fork of Old Man River, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Banks of the Saskatchewan, near the Rocky Mountains, and plains of the Red River. (Hooker, FL.) The limits of this and the next species are so poorly denned that I cannot satisfactorily separate them. (2760.) S. depauperatus, (?) Scribner, Torr. Bull, IX., 103. Vilfa depauperata, Torr. ; Hook., Fl. II., 257. V. utilis, Torr., Pacif. E. Rep. V., 365. Amongst gravel along Jupiter River, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Hurri- cane Hills, Assiniboia. (<7. M. Macoun.) Yery common in damp prairie, from Manitoba, Touchwood Hills, and westward and southward across the southern prairie region ; damp places in the foot-hills, and westward through the Rocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley, at Donald. (Macoun.) 198 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2761.) S. heterolepis, Gray, Man. Ed. Y. 610. Vilfa heterolepis, Gray, Ann. Lye. N. York III., 233. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On rocks along the railway at Shannonville, Hastings Co.; and at Heely Falls, Seymour, Nor- thumberland Co., Ont. ; very common in north-western Manitoba, and along the Beaver, and Touchwood Hills, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) East side of La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.} (2762.) S. vaginseflorus, Vasey, Cat. Grasses. U.S. 45, (1885.) Vilfa vaginseflora, Torr. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y, 605. Agrostis Virginica, Muhl. Grain. 74. On dry barren spots near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very com- mon in many places around Belleville, Ont. ; and on roadsides near Campbellford, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) NOTE. — Dr. Vasey writes of the Vilfa tenacissima, Hook., PI. II., 239 : — " This is now considered a variety of Sporobolus Indicus, but I have seen no specimen from so far north as Menzies Island." Believ- ing that it is included in some species we have catalogued, we leave it out. 694. AGROSTIS, Linn. Gen. 80. (BENT-GRASS.) (2763.) A. canina, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 611. A. canina, Linn., var. (?) tenella, Torr. Bot. N. York II., 443. Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.) Molus Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. ; in dry barrens. (Fowler, Gat.) Sandy beach, Mingan Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Crevices of rocks, Eiviere Ste. Anne des Monts ; and summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe", Q. (Macoun.) Ounalashka, 1885. (Mr. S. Applegate.) Var. paleata, Vasey, (MS.) N. Var. Abundant in meadows at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) This is a fine grass and seems to be valuable both as a pasture and meadow grass. A variety of A. canina was gathered at Sitka a few years since by Mr. Meehan, which may be this form. (2764.) A. exarata, Trin.; Hook., Fl. II., 239. A. albicans, Buckl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 91, (1862.) Polypogon alopecuroides, Buckl. 1. c. 88. A very valuable grass in low grounds and meadows on the Pacific CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. coast. Bather common in the valley of Beaver Creek, Selkirk Moun- tains, B.C. (Macoun.) Blunden Harbor, Vancouver Island, and north point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia; Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) The usual form is quite common in meadows everywhere on- Vancouver Island, and with it an awnless variety, while the coarse Alaskan form is found in ditches and cold, wet places. (Macoun.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Sitka, Alaska. (Meehan.) Ounalashka, 1885. (Mr. S. Applegate.) (2765.) A. geminata, Trin. Oregon to Alaska. ( Vasey.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2766.) A. microphylla, Steud.; Torr. Pacif. E. Eep. IV., 154. A. exarata, var. Watson, Bot. King's Exp. V,, 377. North point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia. (Dawson.) Abun- dant in exsicated places at Victoria, Oak Bay, Cedar Hill, Nanaimo, and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2767.) A. oreophila, Trin. On an exposed point of rocks, a few hundred yards east of South West Point Lighthouse, Anticosti, August 17, 1883. The specimens are doubtfully referred here by Dr. Vasey, our highest authority on grasses in America. Dr. Gray in his Manual, page 611, seems to refer this to A. scabra, but it cannot be that species as this is perennial (Macoun.) (2768.) A. perennans, Tuck; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 611. A. laxiflora, Rich, ; Hook., Fl. II., 240. Trichodium decumbens, Michx., F]. I., 42; Pursh, Fl. I., 61. Cornucopix perennans, Walt. Fl. Car. 74. Open grassy woods, apparently rare. Grand Vallee, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun.) Woods near Hull, Q. ; and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Sandy banks of the Riviere Rouge, Argenteuil Co., Q (D' Urban.) In grassy woods east of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Rocky woods, Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) (2769.) A. scabra, Willd. Sp. I., 370. A. laxiflora, Rich. ; Hook., Fl. II., 240, in part. A. Michauxii, Trin. ; Gray, Gram. & Cyp. I., 17. Tnchodium laxifolium, Michx., Fl. I., 42 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 61. T. scabrum, Muhl. Gram. 61. A common grass on exsicated places on hills and mountains, and 200 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. along rivers and lakes, widely spread and variable ; apparently bien- nial. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Common at Tru.ro, and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Common throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.} Thunder River, Q. (St. Cyr.) South West Point, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, and along the Gasp6 coast, and atLevis, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) Abundant at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very abundant in its usual haunts throughout the whole of northern and central Ontario (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) On an old road, Mamainse, Lake Superior, (ft. Bell.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Manitoulin Island, Georgian Bay. (Mrs. Saunders.) Sandy and wet places, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Saugeen, Lake Huron j Parry Sound, Georgian Bay ; Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) Oba Lake, Ont. ; Nelson and Hayes rivers, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; South Twin Island, James Bay; Washow Bay, Lake Winnipeg ; and Sour is Plain, Man. (t7. M. Macoun.) Common at the Lake of the Woods ; Milk River Ridge, Alberta ; Elk River, Kootanie Yalley, Rocky Mountains ; Ilgacho Brook, B.C. ; and Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°, B.C. (Dawson.) Yery abundant along all the rivers in the prairie region, and northward to Lake Athabasca ; very common in suitable places, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Red River, Man. 1827. (Douglas.) (2770.) A. varians, Trin., Agrost. II., 68. A. exarata, var. /?. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 239. A. canina, var. melaleuca. Bong.; Hook., Fl. II., 240. (?) A. Drummondii, Torrey, Ms. (mde Hooker.) Valleys of the Rocky Mountains, on the east and west sides of the dividing ridge. (Hooker, FL) Trinius founded the species on specimens collected by either Douglas or Drummond on the Athabasca Pass, in the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Queen Charlotte Islands, 1878. {Dawson.) Sitka. (Hooker, FL) Greenland. (Lange.) (2771.) A. VERTICILLATA, Vill. Delph. II., 74. Vilfa stolonifera, Hook. & Am. Bot. Beechy, 161. (?) Apparently introduced at Victoria and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2772.) A. vulgaris, With.; Hook., Fl. II., 239; Pursh, Fl. I., 63. A. polymorpha, Trin., var. «. Diss. I., 202. A. hispida, Willd. Sp. I., 370. Very abundant in pastures and meadows throughout the whole CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 201 Dominion of Canada. In the eastern provinces there are both the introduced and indigenous forms, but westward in the Eocky Moun- tains and British Columbia, especially on Vancouver Island, the indi- genous variety is the predominant or only one. Yar. ALBA, Yasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 47, (1885.) A. alba, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 64 ; Hook., Fl. II., 239. A. decumbens, Muhl. Gram. 68. Naturalized in pastures and wet meadows, especially eastward. This and the preceding are invaluable for pasture and permanent mea- dow land, and are the Eed Top and Herd's Grass of the agriculturalists. Greenland. (Lange.) 695. POLYPOCON, Desf. (BEARD-GRASS.) (2773.) P. MONSPELIENSIS, Desf.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 612. Waste heaps around Victoria, especially at the head of James Bay, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher. Macoun.) Introduced. (2774.) P. LITTORALIS, Smith ; Bot. Calif. II., 270. P.fugax, Boland. Cat. 34. Eefuse heaps at the head of James Bay, Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Introduced. 696. ARCTACROSTIS, Criseb. Ledeb. Fl. Eoss. IV., 434. (2775.) A. latifolia, Ledeb. Fl. Eoss. IV., 434. Colpodium lalifolium, E. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 238. Vilfa arundinacea, Trin. Diss. I. Cape Chudleigh, Cape Prince of Wales, and Mansfield Island, Hud- eon Strait. (R. Bell.) Nottingham Island, Hudson Bay. (Mackenzie.) Arctic sea-coast and islands ; Hudson Bay ; and Bear Lake, to the shores of the Arctic sea. (JEfooker, FL) Port Kennedy, Lancaster Sound. (Dr. Walker.) Between Fort Churchill, and Cape Lady Pelly, Hudson Bay. (Dr. Rae.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. Alaskensis, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 48, (1885.) Colpodium latifolium, ft. Kuiith. (?) C. arundinaceum, Hook., Fl. II., 238. (?) Kotzebue Sound, and Arctic coast. (Eothr. Alask.) Point Barrow, Arctic coast. (John Murdoch.) 202 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 697. CINNA, Linn. Gen. 15. (WOOD-REED GRASS.) (2776.) C. arundinacea, Linn.; Michx., FI. I, 38. Muehlenbergia Cinna, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 237. Agrostis Oinna, Pursh, Fl. I., 64. This species and the next have been confounded and mostly reported as G. pendula, but they appear quite distinct. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Near Bedford, Halifax Co., KS. (Sommers, Cat.) Woods along Brigham's Creek, near Hull, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott) Bather rare at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Swampy soil, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl) (2777.) 'C. pendula, Trin. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 49, (1885.) C. lalifolia, Griesb. ; Rothrock's Alaskan Plants, 459. C. arundinapea, Linn., var. pendula, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 613. Muehlenbergia pendula, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. II., 237. Much commoner than the preceding, and more northern in its dis- tribution. A beautiful and conspicuous grass. Damp woods at Why- cocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) In deep shady places, Molus and Bass rivers, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Dideguash Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Salt Lake, Jupiter Eiver, and Becscie Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Ste. Catherine, Jacques Cartier Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Sandy banks of the Eiviere Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa, (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Banks of Nation Eiver, near railway crossing, and and northward; rare, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in lowr damp woods, along streams and small brooks, throughout central Ontario ; also at Port Hope and Owen Sound, and westward all around Lake Superior to the Mpigon Eiver. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Wet woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Sault Ste. Marie. (Fletcher.) Oba Lake, Ont. (E. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. Richardson.) Loon Strait, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun) Abundant in wet woods, northern Manitoba ; Cypress Hills, and northward to Edmonton and Peace Eiver; Columbia Valley, and westward through the valleys of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Hooker, FL) Var. mutica, Vasey. Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, N.W.T., 1887. (Dawson.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 203 Var. acutiflora, Vasey. (MS.) K Var. Abundant along the borders of brooks, and in river valleys, through- out the southern part of Vancouver Island, extending to Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Comox; also Alberni, on the west coast. (Macoun.) 698. DEYEUXIA, Clarion. (REED-BENT GRASS.) (2778.) D. sequivalvis, Benth. & Hook., Gen. Plant III., 1153. A. sequivalvis, Trin. Agrost. II., 116; Macoun, Cat. No. 2128, b- A. canina, var. sequivalvis, Trin. ; Bong. Veg. Sitch. 171. A. canina, Linn., /3. melaleuca, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. II., 240. (?) A. Hillebrandii, Thurber ; Boland. Trans. Calif. Agri. Soc. 136, (1864.) Rather common on the grassy beds of snow-slides, at Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Eothr. Alask.) Summits of the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, (2779.) D. Aleutica, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. .50, (1885.) Calamagroslis Aleutica, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 241 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2140. C albicans, Buckl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 92, (1862.) Crevices of rocks along the west coast of Vancouver Island and in marshes, covered at high tide, on the Alberni Canal. (Macoun.) Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Barclay.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Eothr. Alask. & Hooker, FL) Ounalashka, 1885. (Mr. S. Applegate.) (2780.) D. breviaristata, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club XV, 48, N. Sp. " Culm 2-3 feet high, radical leaves very long, panicle 4 inches long, narrow and loose, branches unequal, verticills numerous, the longer ones about 1 inch long, erect, flowering, mostly to the base — empty glume 2 lines long, ve y narrow, acute, membranaceous, scabrous on the keel ; flowering glumes as long as the empty ones, and about the same texture, lanceolate, acutish, 3 nerved, smoothish ; awn from about the middle, shorter than the fl. gl. or sometimes nearly absent; hairs rather sparse and fine, J to \ as long as the fl. gl., those of the pedicel scanty but longer ; palet as long as its glume, acute." In crevices of rocks amongst the islands in the outer part of Barclay Sound, near Cape Beale, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 204 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2781.) D. Canadensis, Hooker, Arc. PL 307 & 308. Calamagrostis Canadensis, Beauv. ; Hook., FL II., 240 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2135. C. Mexicana, Nutt. Gen. L, 46. G. Purshii, Kunth, Enum. I., 208. Arundu Canadensis, Michx., Fl. I., 73 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 86. A. cinnoides, Muhl. Gram. 187. A. agrostoides, Pursh, Fl. L, 86. An abundant and valuable species extending from Newfoundland and the Atlantic provinces throughout the whole northern- and central forest region, and Rocky Mountains and British Columbia, to the islands on the Pacific coast and north to Alaska. (2782.) D. conflnis, Kunth; Yasey, Grasses of U. S. 28, (1883.) Calamagrostis confinis, Nutt. Gen. I., 46. C. inexpansa, Gray, Gram. & Cyp. I., No. 20. Arundo confinis, Willd. Enum. I., 127. Chiefly included by collectors in* D. neglecta or Calamagrostis stricta. Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.} Rocky woods, Elziver, North Hastings, Ont.; woods along the North Saskatchewan, above Fort Carleton, and at Edmonton, lat. 53° ; on gravel at Kananaskis station, Rocky Mountains ; shores of Home Lake, and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2783.) D. crassiglumis, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S., 50, (1885.) Calamagrostis crassiglumis, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 281. Nimpkish or Karmutzen Lake, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.} In gravel along the shores of Home Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} (2784.) D. deschampsioides, Vasey, Cat, Grasses IT. S. 50, (1885.} Calamagrostis deschampsioides, Trin. Spec. Gram. III., 354. California to Alaska. ( Vasey.} We know nothing of this species. (2785.) D. Langsdorffii, Kunth, Gram. L, 77. Calamagrostis Langsdorffii, Trin. ; Macoun, Cat- No. 2136. C. Oregoncnzis, Buckl. Proced. Philad. Acad., 92, in part, (1862.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (McKay.) Low grounds at Whycocomagb, Cape Breton. (Macoun.} Campbellton, N.B. (Chal- mers.} Thunder River, Q. (St. Cyr.} Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Current River, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.} Port Arthur. (Burgess.} Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.} North end of CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 205 Lake Winnipeg, and west coast of Hudson Bay. (R. Bell} Upper Nachacco Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.} Shores of Shawnigan Lake, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.} Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.} Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) Ounalashka, 1885. (Mr. S. Applegate.) (2786.) D. Lapponica, Kunth ; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis Lapponica, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 682 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2141. Isle Eoyal, Lake Superior. (Prof. T. C. Porter.} Salt Lake, Anti- costi ; Otter Head, and Pic Eiver, Lake Superior ; Flat Eock Portage, Nipigon Eiver, Ont. (Macoun.} (2787.) D. Macouniana, Yasey, Coulter's Bot. Gaz., X., 297, N.Sp. " Culm 60 to 90 cm. high, slender, leafy ; sheaths mostly as long as as the internodes, smoothish ; ligule about 2 mm. long, lacerate leaf blades narrow, 15 to 25 cm. long, attenuated to a filiform point ; panicle 10 to 12 cm». long, narrow, open, 2 to 4 cm. in width, branches mostly in fives, approximate, slender, erect ; spikelets somewhat crowded on the upper part of the branches, 2 mm. long ; empty glumes nearly equal, purplish, lanceolate, acute, finely scabrous on the back ; flower- ing glumes 1 J mm. long, ovate-oblong, somewhat truncate and 2-lobed at the apex, the lobes finely denticulate ; awn above the middle of the glume, straight, reaching to the apex; palet about one-third shorter than its glume, bifid, denticulate at apex; hairs copious, as long as the flowering glume. The panicle resembles that of Agrostis vulgaris, and the flowers are smaller than those of any other of our species." — (Dr. Geo. Yasey in Bot. Gazette, Yol. X., page 297.) Black Eiver, Lake Winnipeg, 1884 ; Souris Plain, Man. 1883. (J. M. Macoun.} (2788.) D. neglecta, Kunth, Gram. L, 76. D. stricta, Coulter, Man. Ry. Mount. PL, 414. Calamagrostis coarctata, Hook., Fl. II., 240. C. stricta, Beauy. ; Hook., Fl. II., 240 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2138. Borders of rivers and lakes in the east, and in swampy meadows on the prairie. Amherst Island, Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.} Shediac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Becscie Eiver, Anticosti ; and at Cape Eosier, Gasp£ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (St. Cyr.} Shore of Lake Huron, at Chicken Bay. (Macoun.} Lake Mistassini, K.E.T. 07. M. Macoun.} York Factory, Hudson Bay. (E. Sell.} Abundant in wet prairie throughout Manitoba and the northern prairie region, and north-westerly through the wooded country to 206 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the Peace River ; common along slopes and by ponds through the Rocky and Selkirk mountains, and in northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Pelly Banks, lat. 62° ; and confluence of Lewes and Pelly rivers, lat. 62° 47', N.W.T. (Dawson.) Kotzebue Sound. (Eothr. Alask.) Quebec ; Saskatchewan and English rivers, through the wooded country to the Rocky Mountains ; Nootka, and Observatory Inlet, Pacific coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Red River, Man., 1827. (Douglas.') Yar. Americanum, Vasey. (MS.) N. Yar. This is a very beautiful form, stouter and much lighter colored than the species. Rather common at Donald in the Columbia Yalley, 1885. (Macoun.) Yar. brevifolia, Yasey. (MS.) N. Yar. This variety, as its name indicates, has short involute leaves and a narrow panicle. It is a little over a foot in height and may be only a depauperate form of the species. (Macoun.) Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, N.W.T., 1887. (Dawson.) Damp slopes, near McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°, B.C. (Macoun.) Yar. robusta, Yasey. (MS.) N. Yar. A very tall and stout variety growing in water or along the borders of marshes throughout Manitoba and the Saskatchewan region ; Hand Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) (2789.) D. Pickeringii, Yasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis Pickeringii, Gray, Man. Ed. Y, 616 ; Macoun, Cat. No, 2142. The only known station for this species in Canada is in the wet mea- dows surrounding Louisburg, Cape Breton, 1883. (Macoun & Burgess.) (2790.) D. Porteri, Yasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis Porteri, Gray, Man. Ed. Y, 615- Specimens referred here by Dr. Yasey were collected on the slopes of the mountains at the entrance to Bow River Pass, in the Rocky Mountains, 1879. Better specimens are needed to settle the identity of the species. ( Macoun.} (2791.) D. purpurascens, Kunth; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis purpurascens, R. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 240. Arctic sea-shore. (Hooker, Fl.) Fort Yukon. (Eothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) Dr. Yasey, writes me that Tor rey thought this was JD. sylvatica. I am of the same opinion, as the purple glumes are a very poor character. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 207 (2792.) D. rubescens, Yasey, Cat, Grasses, IT. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis rubescens, Buckl. Proced. Phil. Acad., 92, (1862.) Quite common on burnt slopes in the Rocky Mountains, from Banff westward to Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) / (2793.) D. Strigosa, Kunth; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostns strigosa, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. II.,. 241. Sitka. (Bongard vide Hooker.) (2794.) D. sylvatica, Kunth; Yasey, Grasses of U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis sylvatica, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2137. C. purpurascena, R. Br. : Hook., Fl. II., 240, in part. Apparently a mountain species, extending far to the north. Old Bow Fort, near Morley, (1879), and very common westward on dry gravelly slopes through the Rocky Mountains to Roger's Pass, in the Selkirks, B.C. (Macoun.) Crow Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains ; Lewes River, lat. 62°, Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, and Dease River, lat. 59°, N.W.T., and B.C. (Dawson.) Bennett's Lake, Lewes R,, B.C. (W. Ogilvie.) Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2795.) D. Suksdorfii, Scribner, Bull. Torr. Club XY., 9. This is an uncommon grass on* the burnt ridges covered with Pinus Murrayana at Castle Mountain, Rocky Mountains ; and Donald, Colum- bia Yalley. (Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains, 1883. (Dawson.) (2796.) D. borealis. An imperfectly characterized species, having the general appearance of D. Lapponica, has been named (by Dr. Yasey) D. Vancouverensis, in Bulletin Torrey Botanical Club, Yol. XY., 48. It is indicated as a " small species, 10 or 12 inches high, with spicate panicle 1J to 2 inches long, approaching D. strigosa, Kunth." It grows plentifully in water at Fort George, James Bay. Collected July 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) With Dr. Yasey's permission I have changed the name to the above, which is more in accordance with the locality where found. (2797.) D. Columbiana. This species is related to D. Aleutica, but the specimens are very poor and difficult to characterize. Collected at Ta-gish Lake, Lewes River, N.W.T., Sept. 1887, (Dawson.) 208 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 699. AMMOPHILA, Host. Gram. Austr. IV., 24. (SAND- GRASS.) (2798.) A. arundinacea, Host.; Hook., Fl. II., 241. Arundo arenaria, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 73 ; Ptirsh, Fl. I., 87. Psamma littoralis, Beauv. Agrost. 143- Calamagrostis arenaria, Trin. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 616 ;" Macoun, Cat. No. 2139. Apparently a rare grass on sea beaches and on the shores of the Great Lakes. St. John, and Kouchibouguac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Sands of Wellington Beach, Prince Edward Co., Ont. ; very abundant on sand at Pic River, Lake Superior. (Macoun.} North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.} (2799.) A. longifolia, Benth. & Hook. Gen. Plant III., 1153. Calamagrostis longifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 241 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2134. Very abundant throughout the whole prairie region on sandy ridges, and extending westward to Morley at the base of the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.} Milk River, north of West Butte, lat. 49. (Dawson.) Souris Plain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.} Saskatchewan River. (Hooker, FL} I place this species with Ammophila, in deference to Bentham and Hooker. Dr. Yasey doubts the correctness of this disposition of it. 700. AIRA, Linn. Gen. 81. (HAIR-GRASS,) (2800.) A. CARYOPHYLLEA, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 642. Introduced and naturalized and very abundant in all the old clear- ings and oak woods in the southern part of Vancouver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher.} (2801.) A. PR^ECOX, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 641. Avena praecox, Beauv. Introduced and naturalized with the preceding in the southern part Vancouver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher.} CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 701. DESCHAMPSIA, Beauv. (2802.) D. atropurpurea, Scheele; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 53, (1885.) Aira atropurpurea, Wahl. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 642 ; Macoun, Cat. No- 2234. Apparently confirmed to the mountains of eastern Quebec, and north- eastward. Summit of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.} Var. minor, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club XV., 48, " Culms 10-12 inches high, slender, panicle few-flowered, spikelets much smaller than the type." Grassy glades in woods at Fort George., James Bay, six miles from the coast, 188*7. (J. M. Macoun.} Var. latifolia, Scribner. D. latifolia, Vasey, Grasses of U. States, 53, (1885.) Aira atropurpurea, Wahl. ; Hook., Fl. II., 243. A. latifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 243 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2237. Abundant in the Eocky Mountains/ from Canmore westward' to Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.} Queshel Lake, 2,200 feet alt., B.C. (Bowman.} Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL} Sitkar Ounalashka, and from Point Barrow to Mackenzie River. (Rothr*. Alask.} (2803.) D. brevifolia, E. Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 242. Aira arctica, Spreng. Bot. Gazette, X., 366. Vicinity of Fort Conger, Grinnell Land, lat. 81° 44'. (Lieut. Greely.y Arctic sea- shore and islands. (Hooker, Fl} Greenland. (Lange} (2804.) D. csespitosa, Beauv. ; Hook., FJ. II., 242. Aira casspitosa, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 77 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2239. A. ambigua, Michx., Fl. I., 61. Abundant in bunches along river banks, from the Atlantic to the- Pacific. Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.} Magdalen Islands, N.S^ (McKay.} Cape Forteau, Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess} Ken- nebeccasis, Tabusintac, on the Bathurst Eoad, Restigouche, 1ST. B. (Fowler, Cat.} Sheldrake Eiver. and L'Ange-Gardien, Q. (St. Cyr.} Crevices of rocks, Jupiter Eiver, and English Bay, Anticosti ; along the Madeline and Ste. Anne des Monts rivers, Gaspe", Q. (Macoun* Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl Ott.} Eocky banks of rivers throughout central and northern Ontario, and extending to 14 210 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Nipigon, and Kainy Lake. (Macoun.) Saugeen, Lake Huron, and at Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn River, Keewatin ; Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun?) Michipicotin River, and Oba Lake, Ont. ; Oxford House, Keewatin. (E. Bell.) North Fork of Old Man River, Rocky Moun- tains; Lewes River, lat. 62°, and Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, N. W. T. (Dawson.) Not rare along the Saskatchewan and all its branches, and extending north to Peace River, and west through the Rocky Moun- tains to the Columbia Valley. (Macoun.'} Saskatchewan to Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.} Ounalashka, arid the mainland of Alaska. (Eothr. Alask.) Yar. arctica, Yasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 53, (1885.) D. csespitosa, var. /?. major, Hook., Fl. II., 241. Arctic sea-coast. (Hooker, FL) Kotzebue Sound, Ounalashka, Sitka, and the interior of Alaska. (Rotlir. Alask.) Yar. Bottnica, Yasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 53, (1885.) D. Bottnica, Wahl. ; Trin. Icon. t. 255. Shores of the Gulf of Georgia, and Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Eothr. Alask.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay.) Yar. longiflora, Trin. ; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 53, (1885.) Abundant in salt marshes at the mouth of the Nanaimo River, and along all the coasts of Vancouver Island, either under this form or the preceding one. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Eothr. Alask.) Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. (Daivson.) Yar. maritima, Yasey, Bull. Ton-. Club, XV., 48, (N. Var.) This is a very depauperate form, only 6-8 inches high, collected on the South Twin Island, James Bay, by J. M. Macoun, 1887. (2805.) D. calycina, Presl, Rel. Hamk. I., 251. D. danthonioides, Munro ; Benth. PI. Hartweg. 342. Aira danthonioides, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 243 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2240. Abundant in desicated places near Victoria, on Mount Tolmie, Cedar Hill, at Goldstream, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2806.) D. elongata, Munro.; Benth. PI. Hartweg. 342. Aira elongata, Hook., Fl. II., 243; Macoun, Cat. No. 2235. Abundant in numerous places on dry gravelly soil throughout the southern part of Vancouver Island, at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Che- mainus, Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 211 (2807.) D. alba, Roem. & Schultz. Syst. II., 688. Aim flexuosa, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 77; Hook., Fl. II., 243; Macoun, Cat. No. 2238. Not rare on rocky soil in the eastern part of Canada. Newfoundand. (Reeks.) Ungava Bay, Labrador. (Barnston.) Nain, coast of Labrador. (R. Sell) Near Bedford, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Abundant at Kingston, Pirate's Cove, and near Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Eocky banks, Yarmouth, N.S. (burgess.) On rocks near the mouth of the Kennebeccasis, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (St. Cyr.) Tadousac Eiver, St. Lawrence, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Pine grove, two miles west of Prescott, Out. (Billings.) Rocky banks of North River, Belmoht, Peterboro Co. ; crevices of rocks, Hooper's Lake, Hasting's Co.; Jones Falls, near Owen Sound; among rocks, Queenston Heights, Niagara River; Little Flat Rock Portage, Nipigon River; along Thunder Bay, at Port Arthur, and twenty miles up the Kamin- istiqua, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Greenland. (Lange.) 702. HOLCUS, Linn. Gen. 1146. (MEADOW SOFT-GRASS) (2808,) H. LANATUS, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 642. Introduced from Europe and cultivated in the maritime provinces and British Columbia. Moist meadows and roadsides at Digby, and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun?) Meadows, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Not uncommon at Cedar Hill, and Goldstream, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 703. TRISETUM, Pers. Syn. PI. I., 97. (2809.) T. canescens, Buckl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 100, (1862.) T. datum, Boland. Cat. 34. Not uncommon on rocky soil in the southern part of Vancouver Island, at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Home Lake, near Qualicum. (Macoun.) Near Sooke, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) At Agassiz Station, B.C. (Fletcher.) (2810.) T. cernuum, Trin.; Hook., Fl. II.. 244. Abundant in grassy and damp woods at Oak Bay, Cedar Hill, and 212 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Mount Finlayson, and Sooker Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2811.) T. subspicatum, Beauv. ; Hook., Fl. II., 244. T. airoides, Roem. & Schultz. _ Rocky margins of cliffs and ravines from. Mori ey westward through the Rocky and Selkirk mountains, and northward in British Columbia to Fort McLeod, lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Eastern summit of North Koo- tanie Pass, Rocky Mountains ; Upper Liard River, lat. 60°, Felly Banks, lat. 62°, Frances Lake, Finlayson Lake, and hills'horth of that lake, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Ounalashka, and Kotzebue Sound ; and from Point Barrow to Mackenzie River. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2812.) T. subspicatum, Beauv., var. molle, Gray, Man. Ed. V. T. matte, Trin. Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. 64, (1831.) Avena mollis, Michx., Fl. I., 72 ; Pursh, Fl. L, 86. Very common on racky banks of rivers and lakes particularly north- ward. Nain, coast of Labrador; Cape Chudleigh, Cape Prince of "Wales, and Digge's Island, Hudson Strait; Port Churchill, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) Newfoundland. (Reeks.) On rocky banks, Resti- gouche River ; Upper Gaspereaux and Upper St. John rivers, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Manowin Island, Seven Islands Bay, and Grand Isle, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Riviere de Brig, and Jupiter River, Anticosti, Madeline river, Gaspe', Q. ; crevices of rocks, Partridge Lake, Addington Co. ; sand hills, near Port Hope; and at Oak Hill Pond, Hastings Co. ; along Gull River, Victoria Co. ; very abundant around Lake Superior and Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Along the north shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Shore of James Bay north to Cape Jones ; Severn River to Hudson Bay, and north to York Factory. (J". M. Macoun.) Michi- picotin River, Ont. (R. Bell.) Middle Branch of North Fork of Old Man River, Rocky Mountains ; Skagit summit, Hope trail, B.C. (Daw- son.) On damp slopes throughout the Rocky and Selkirk mountains ; on the summit of Mount Mark, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Rocky Mountains to the Arctic sea-shore and islands. (ffcoker, Fl.) 704. AVENA, Linn. Gen. 91. (OAT-GRASS.) (2813.) A. FATUA, Linn. (Wild Oats.) This species is reported from many parts of Ontario and Manitoba, but the only specimen we have ever seen of it is from Moosomin, in Assiniboia. It makes very good fodder, but as a grain is of no value. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 213 (2814.) A. pratensis, var. Americana, Scribner. A. versicolor, Vill. ; Hook., Fl. II., 244. Abundant on the prairie, from Portage la Prairie westward to the boundary of Manitoba. (Macoun.) Souris Plain, near Moose Moun- tain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) On gravelly banks around Morley, in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Eocky Moun- tains. (Hooker, Fl.) Brandon, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) (2815.) A. striata, Michx., PL I., 27; Pursh, PL I., 86; Hook., • Fl. II., 244. Bather uncommon in woods and thickets over a wide area. Bass Elver, Tabusintac, on Bathurst Eoad; Upper St. John, and Petit- ' Urban.} Cacouna, Que. (J. W. Dawson.} Eiviere du Loup, Que. (Thomas.} Crevices of limestone rocks near Hemlock Lake, Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.} Lakefield. Ont. (Mrs. Traill} On Guelph dolo- mites, Little Saugeen Eiver, Durham, Grey Co., Ont. (H. M. Ami.} Crevices of wet rocks at the mouth of the Temiscami Eiver, about twenty-five miles from the east end of Lake Mistassini, K E. Ter. ; summit of Mount Queest, Gold Eange, B.C., altitude 7,000 feet. (J. M. Macoun.} Crevices of rocks near L'Anse a Fallon, Cape Eosier, Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gaspe", and Gunn Eiver, Anticosti, Que. ; lime- stone rocks along the Eiver Moira near Belleville, Foster's Flats below the Whirlpool, Niagara Falls, rocks at Owen Sound, along the Kaminis" tiquia Eiver at and below the Kakabeka Falls, under the cliffs at Eed Eock and Nepigon stations on the C. P. Ey., crevices of the Huronian slates seventeen miles from Michipicotin on the Magpie Eiver, Ont. ; Peace Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains, K W. Ter.; crevices of rocks in rear of the C. P. Ey. water-tank at Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains, and at Mount Stephen, B.C. (Macoun.) Eocky hillsides, not common, Kootanie District, B.C. (Anderson} Canada. (Goldie}, to the Saskatchewan. (Drummond}, in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. (2983.) P. atropurpurea, Link, Fil. Hort. Berol., 59. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 272. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., Sect, iv., 184. Pteris atropurpurea, Linn., Sp. PI., 1534 Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 668. Hook., FJ. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. A widely distributed but very local fern, ranging from Ontario west- ward to British Columbia and northward to Great Bear Lake. Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logie.} Not rare in the crevices of limestone cliffs in the Dundas Eavine, Dundas, Ont. (Burgess.} Limestone rocks, Klora, Ont. (McPherson.} Crevices of rocks at the Whirlpool and Foster's Flats, Niagara Falls, Ont. ; common at various places on rocks CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 261 around Owen Sound and Colpoy's Bay, Ont. ; rare in crevices of lime- stone rocks on the mountains near Kananaskis Station, Rocky Moun- tains, on the C. P. By., and on limestone cliffs. Clearwater River, north of Methy Portage, Lat. 57°, N. W. Ter. ; canyon, near Buffalo Head Mountain, Rocky Mountains ; crevices of dry rocks between Spence's Bridge and Cache Creek, B.C. (Macoun.) Hillsides on broken rocks, not common, Kootanie District, B.C. (Anderson.) Canada to Bear Lake and the Rocky Mountains. (Richardson, Drummond.) Moun- tains between Nicola and Kamloops, B.C. (Dawson.) Banff, Rocky Mountain Park. (J. Smith.) (2984.) P. densa, Hook., Sp. Fil., ii., 150. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 149. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect. iv., 185. A rock species, confined so far as known to the provinces of Quebec and British Columbia, where it is rare. Found by Prof. Allen on Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe, Que., in 1881, growing exposed to the sun on the steep walls of ravines, at 2000 to 3000 feet elevation. (Eaton.) Abundant on cliffs along the Fraser River above Yale and within the Cascade Mountains, notably at Chinaman's Bluff; on rocks, Sicamous, Shuswap Lake ; and summit of Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Macoun.) Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Anderson.) 744. CRYPTOCRAMME, R. Br., APP. Frank. Narr. (ROCK-BRAKE.) (2985.) C. acrostichoides, R. Br., appendix to Franklin's First Journey, 767. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 273. Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 185. C. crispa, forma Americana, Hook., Sp. Fil., ii., 130. Allosorus acrostichoides, Spreng., Syst., 66. Gray, Man., 660. C. crispa, var. acrostichoides, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 236. Is found, forming dense tufts, among rocks and in their crevices, from Lake Huron westward to British Columbia, and stretching northward to within the Arctic Circle. McLeod's Harbor, Manitoulin Island, Ont. (J. Pell) Cumberland House to Great Bear Lake, N. W. Ter. (Richardson.) Between Echimamish River and Oxford House, and around Cross Lake and on Nelson River near Hudson Bay, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Common from Lake Winnipeg to the " Height of Land," 262 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. towards the east, "N". W. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Kocks along the Arctic coast from Mackenzie Eiver to Baffin Bay. (Hooker.} Stony places in the Kooky Mountains, but rare, to the sources of the Columbia Biver, B.C. (Drummond), thence to the Grand Kapids of the Columbia. (Douglas.) Kicking Horse Pass, Eocky Mountains, Selkirk Mountains, common in the Cascade and Gold ranges, along the Frasei- Eiver at Agassiz, and common on Vancouver Island, B.C. (Macoun.) Wigwam Eiver, Koo- tanie Valley, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Yale, B.C. (Fletcher.) Common at Victoria, B.C., among rocks on bare hills. (Anderson.) 745. PTERIS, Linn., Gen. PI., No. 1174., (BRAKE OR BRACKEN.) (2986.) P. aquilina, Linn., Sp. PL, 1533. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Provancher, Fl. Can., 715. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 270. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 186. Allowrus aquilinus, Presl, Tent Pterid., 153. Is cqmmon, growing usually on sand or sandy loam, from the At- lantic to the Pacific. Very common in Nova Scotia. (McKay.) Growing everywhere in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Prince Edward Island. (Bain.) Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, Que. (Macoun.) Common everywhere in Quebec. (McCord, St. Cyr.) Common at Lake Mis- tassini, and down the Eupert Eiver to James Bay, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in Ontario and in parts of Manitoba. (Macoun, Burgess, &c.) Saskatchewan plains, N. W. Ter., and Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Var. lanuginosa, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 187. P. lanuginosa, Bory, in Willd., Sp. PL, v., 403. The common form on Vancouver Island and the mainland of British Columbia, where it is known to extend eastward at least as far as the Columbia Eiver at Donald. (Fletcher, Macoun.) It is characterized by the silky-pubescent under surface of the fronds. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 263 746. ADIANTUM, Linn., Gen. PL, No. II8O. (MAIDENHAIR.) (2987.) A. pedatum, Linn., Sp. PL, 1557. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 121. Michx., PI. Bor.-Ara., ii., 263. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 670. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Provancher, Fl.' Can., 71 4. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 270. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 187. A. boreale, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 158. Is usually found in rich, damp woods, and outside of Ontario is very local in its distribution. Newport, Hants Co., N.S. (Sail.) Archi- bald's Mill, Upper Musquodoboit, Halifax Co., N.S. (Jack.) Upper Eestigouche and Upper St. John; Keswick Eidge, York Co., N.B. (Fowler.) Andover, Victoria Co., N.B. (Hay.) Moose Mountain, Carleton Co., N.B. (Bailey.) Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) St. Joachim and Isle St. Paul, Montreal, Que. (Provancher.) Levie; Cap Eouge; and Ste. Eose, Laval Co.. Que. (St. Gyr.) Eiver Eouge, Que. (D' Urban.) Very common throughout Ontario. (JJawson, Macoun, Burgess, &c.) On the plateau of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe*, Que. ; Vancouver Island, Yale, and other places in British Columbia. (Macoun.) Plentiful about Victoria, B.C. (Fletcher, Ander- son.) Kootanie Lake, B.C. (J. Anderson.) Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. (Dawson.) Var. rangiferinum, Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can.,iv., Sect.iv., 11. A form with longer stalked pinnules, cleft, on the upper side, into narrow, toothed lobes. At present known only in one locality, viz., shaded rocks overhanging the water, Goldstream, at the base of Mount Finlayson, near Victoria, B.C. (Anderson.) Will probably be found to occur elsewhere on Vancouver Island. 747. LOMARIA, Willd. (DEER-FERN.) (2988.) L. spicant, Desv., Mag. d. Gesellsch. Naturforsch. Freunde zu Berlin, v., 325. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 178. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 188. Burgess, Trans- Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 12. Blechnum boreale, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 75. Syn. Fil., 115 Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 669. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Is confined to the coast of British Columbia west of the Coast Eange, 264 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. where, however, it is abundant in rich, cool woods. ISTootka, Vancouver Island. (Mertens.) Common near Victoria and along the coast of the mainland. (Anderson.) New Westminster. (Fletcher.) Drew's Harbor and Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Observatory Inlet. (Scouler.) Pitt Eiver. (Hill.) Vancouver City. (Fowler.) Very abundant in damp woods in many parts of Vancouver Island, and in the thick woods in the Eraser Valley near the coast. (Macoun.) 748. WOODWARDIA, Smith, Acta. Taur., V., 411. (CHAIN-FERN.) (2989.) W. Virginica, Smith, M^m. Acad. Turin, v., 412. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 117. Pursh, PI. Am. Sept., ii., 670. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 278. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Boy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 189. W. Banisteriana, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 117. W. thelypterioides, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 670. Is rather rare in swamps east of Lake Huron. North- West Arm and Dartmouth, Halifax, N.S. (Ball.) Roadside between Caledonia and Liverpool, Queen's Co., and between Liverpool and Jordan Eiver, Shelbourne Co., N.S. (Jack.) Near Gaspe Basin, Que. (Eden.) Near Heck's Mills, ten miles from Prescott, Augusta Township, Ont, (Billings.) Peat swamps of the Mer Bleu, near Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Along the Canada Atlantic Railway, near Eastman's Springs, Russell Co., very abundant five miles north of Colborne Village, and common in marshes at west end of Gull Lake, Addington Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Near Millgrove, Wentworth Co., Ont. (Logie.) Mossy bog surround- ing a lake on Lake Island, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Swampy ground on the shore of Georgian Bay, twenty-five miles north of Penetanguishene, Ont. (Alexander.) 749. ASPLENIUM, Linn., Gen. PL, No. 1178. (SPLEENWORTO (2990.) A. viride, Hudson, Fl. Anglica, ed.i., 385. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 80. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 275. Goode, Can. Nat., ix. 300. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 190. A. Trichomanes, Linn., Sp. PL, 1540. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 265 Found in the crevices of shaded rocks, from New Brunswick to British Columbia, but rare. Tattagouche Falls, Gloucester Co., and Green Head, St. John Co., N.B. (Fowler.) Becoming common about St. John, N.B., in moist shady clefts of limestone rocks. (Say.) Near Tadousac, and at the Falls of Riviere du Loup, Que. ( Watt.) Clefts of shaded rocks at the mouth of Temiscami River, twenty-five miles from the east end of Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) In a deep gorge on the road from Gasp6 Basin to Fox River, and near Grand Etang, on sea cliffs at Mount Louis and at the Falls of Ste. Anne des Monts River, and base of Mount Albert, Que. ; between Owen Sound and Sydenham Falls, Ont., and also on both sides of the falls; abundant on debris under limestone cliffs within the Bow River Pass, and on a limestone mountain in Peace River Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Amongst broken rocks at Port Simpson, B.C. (Anderson.) Moist shady rocks, Rocky Mountains. (Drummond.) (2991.) A. Trichomanes, Linn., Sp. PL, 1540 (in part). Michx., PI. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 80. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 274. Provancher, Fl. Can., 715. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., Sect, iv., 191. A. melanocaulon, Willd., Enuin., 1072: Sp. PI., v., 332. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept, ii., 666. Of pretty general distribution, in the crevices of moist shaded rocks, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Hartley Falls, Pirate Harbor, Strait of Canso, and on Gold River near Chester, Lunenburg, N.S. (Ball.) The " Lookout," Cape Blomidon, N.S. (Lawson.) Near Three-Mile House, Halifax, N.S. (Sommers.) Montreal, Que. (Maclagan, St. Gyr.) Chatham Township, Argenteuil Co., Que. (McCord.) Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Clefts of rocks, Jones' Falls, Leeds Co., and Kingston Mills, Frontenac Co., Ont. (P.Gr. Scott.) On Guelph dolomites, Little Saugeen River, Durham, Grey Co., Ont. (H. M. Ami.) Lake Medad, Halton Co., Ont. (Logie.) Rocks, just below the falls and near the Whirlpool, Niagara Falls, Ont. (Burgess.) East coast of Hudson Bay. (E. Bell.) Jupiter River, Island of Anticosti ; on Mount Louis, and up the Ste. Anne des Mouts River, Gaspe", Que. ; Shannonville, near Belleville, Ont. ; Red Rock, Lake Superior, and westward to the Lake of the Woods ; Clearwater River, near Methy Portage, Lat. 57°, N. W. Ter. ; along Peace River, within the Rocky Mountains, and in Bow River Pass, Rocky Mountains ; crevices of rocks at Sicamous and Agassiz, B.C. ; at Departure Bay, and on Mount Benson, Nanaimo, Vancouver 18 266 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Island. (Macoun.) Great Shuswap Lake and Cascade Mountains, near Yale, B.C. (Dawson.) Harrison Lake, Kootanie District, and on Mount Isonhailim, near the mouth of the Cowichan Eiver, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Anderson.,) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Richardson.) (2992.) A. ebeneum, Ait., Hort. Kew., ed. i., iii., 462. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 79. Provancher. Fl. Can., 716. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 276. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 192. A. trichomanoides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265- A platyneuron, Oakes in Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 237. Very rare, and chiefly confined to the Province of Ontario. Vandreuil, Que., near the border of Ontario. (St. Gyr.) Eocky woods, Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) In a thin layer of mould covering the rocks at Jones' Falls, Leeds Co., Ont. (P. G. Scott.) Crevices of Laurentian rocks a little to the north of Shannonville Station on the Grand Trunk Eail- way, nine miles east of Belleville, and Gibson Mountain, a mass of metam orphic rock, Prince Edward Co., four miles south of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Point Abino, Lake Erie, Ont. (Day.) (2993.) A. angustifolium, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 76. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 666. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 275. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 192. Is limited in its distribution to Quebec and Ontario, where it is found in low, rich woods. Nun's Island, Montreal, Que. (Parsons.) Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Que. (St. Gyr.) Open woods, " The Mountain," Montreal, Que. (McCord.) Abundant in McKay's Woods, Ottawa; frequent in rich woods, Prince Edward Co., and in rich soil in low woods along Cold Creek, Brighton, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Low woods up the Don Valley, Toronto; cedar swamps and low rich woods, London, and low woods, Lucknow, Bruce Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Eich woods, Amherstburg, Ont. (Maclagan.) (2994.) A. thelypteroides, Michx., FL Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 82. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 667. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 226. Provancher, Fl. Can., 716. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 276. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 193. A. acrostichoides, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii,, 54. Athyrium thelypteroides, Desv., Prodr., 266. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 238. Eather scarce in the Maritime Provinces, but common in most sec- tions of Ontario and Western Quebec. Occurs in rich woods, and is CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 267 not known to range west of Lake Superior. Windsor, N.S. {How.') Halifax, N.S. (Lindsay.} Mount Dalhousie, N.S. (McKay.) Strait of Canso ; Boylston, Guysborough Co. ; and Eawdon, Hants Co. ; N.S. (Ball.} Eavine at Whyoocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.} Wentworth Station, Cumberland Co., and North Moun- tains, King's Co., N.S. ; near Grand Falls and at Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.} Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler.} Fredericton, N.B. (Vroom.} Salmon Eiver, Victoria Co., N.B. (Hay.) Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) Isle of Orleans and Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Que. (St. Gyr.} Montreal, Lennoxville, and in Argenteuil Co., Que. (McGord.) Eichmond and Drummond Co's, Que. (Bothwell.) Very common in South-western Ontario. (Macoun, Logie, Burgess, &c.) Along the Canadian Pacific Eailway, north of Lakes Huron and Superior, Ont. (Fletcher.} Current Eiver, Lake Superior, Ont. (Macoun.} (2995.) A. Filix-foemina, Bernh., Schrad. N. Journ. Bot., ii., 26 and 48. Provancher, Fl. Can., 716. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 194. Athyrium Filix-fcemina, Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ., ii., 65. Hook., Fl. Bor.- Am., ii., 262. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 277 ; Fern Fl. Can., 238. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Nephrodium Filix-foemina, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 268. Nephrodium asplenoides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Aspidium asplenoides, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 60. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 664. A very variable species which grows in tufts in moist fields and woods. It is common in most parts of British America from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Quite common throughout Nova Scotia. (Ball.) A very common and variable fern in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Abundant in Prince Edward Island. (Bain.) Very common in Quebec and Ontario. (Lawson, McCord, Macoun, Burgess, St. Cyr, &c.) Com- mon in wooded parts of Manitoba and the North-West Territory, in the Eocky Mountains, and in British Columbia. (Macoun.} Through- out Canada to the Saskatchewan and alpine woods of the Eocky Mountains. (Drummond.} Var. Michauxii, Mett., Asplenium, 199. Aspidium angustum, Willd., Sp. PL, V., 277. Athyrium Filix-foemina, Roth., var. /?., Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Asplenium Filix-foemina, var. angustum, D. C. Eaton, Ferns of N. Am., ii., 277. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 195. This is perhaps the most distinct of the many forms of this fern which have been described, It is less common than the type, but not 268 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. extremely rare, especially in Ontario. Salt Mountain, Whycocogmah, N.S. (Macoun, Burgess.) Farmersville and Delta, Ont. (Lawson.) Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.} London, Ont. (Burgess.} 75O. SCOLOPENDRIUM, Smith, Acta. Taur., v. 4IO. (HART'S-TONGUE.) . (2996.) S. vulgare, Smith, Me'm. Acad. Turin, v., 421. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 246. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 2Y8. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 195. Burgess, Trans. .Hoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 12. S. ojficinarum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 61 ; Syn. Fil., 89. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept, ii., 667. One of the rarest of American ferns, and is found growing in tufts in wet shade on limestone rocks. Only three stations are known in Canada. Woodstock, N.B. (Button, Jack.) Abundant on limestone debris under vthe cliffs at Sy den ham Falls and other localities around Owen Sound, Ont. (Mrs. Roy.) On Guelph dolomites, Little Sau- Biver, Durham, Grey Co., Ont. (If. M. Ami.) It is a very variable species and three of the forms, which have been known, respectively, as vars. marginatum, ramosum, and multifidum, were collected near Woodstock, N.B., by Mr. Jack. 751. CAMPTOSORUS, Link, Sp. Fil. Berol., 83. (WALKING-LEAF.) (2991.) C. rhizophyllus, Link, Hort. Berol., ii., 69. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 279. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 196. Asplenium rhizophyUum, Linn., Sp. PI., 1536. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 74. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Provancher, Fl. Can., 715. Occurs on shaded, mossy, limestone rocks. Montreal Mountain, Que. (Provancher.) L'Abord a-Plouffe, rear of the Island of Montreal, Que. (McCord.) Isolated rocks in a shaded pasture, Hemmingford, Que. (Goode.) Limestone rocks west of Hull, and in a ravine near King's Mere, Chelsea, Que. (Fletcher.) Kocky woods, near Oxford Station, on the Ottawa and Prescott Ry., Ont. (Billings.) Crevices of limestone CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 269 rocks at the railway bridge, Shannonville, and on boulders beyond the " Big Spring " on the Marmora Eoad, Hastings Co., Ont. ; abundant on broken masses of rock at Foster's Fiats, Niagara Falls, Ont. j plentiful at Owen Sound, Ont., on boulders and ledges under the cliffs. (Macoun.) Hamilton and Ancaster, Wentworth Co., and Lake Medad, Halton Co., Ont. (Logie.) On shaded, mossy masses of limestone fallen from the cliffs in " The Eavine," Dundas, and at Beamsville, Ont. (Burgess.) Canada (Goldie), to the Saskatchewan (Drummond), in Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am. 752. PHECOPTERIS, Fee, Gen. Fil., 242. (BEECH-FERN.) (2998.) P. polypodioides, Fr. Gray I.e.) (3089.) C. asarifolia, Bongard, Veg., Sitch, 137. C. Sibirica, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 82, in part. Dr. Gray says this species ranges from the Rocky Mountains in Montana and Idaho to Sitka. Coldwater River, B.C., June 14th, 1877. (Dawson.) Cedar Hill, Goldstream, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (334.) C. spathulata, Dougl.; Hook. PI. I., 226. C- perfoliata, var. spathulata, Torr. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 83. C. gypsophiloides, Fisch. & Meyer. Small, but comparatively large-flowered, an inch to a span high; cauline leaves from lanceolate-ovate to narrowly lanceolate, rarely connate into a round peltate or cupulate disk. Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1876. (Dawson.) Cedar Hill, and Mount Tolmic, Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. tenuifolia, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIV., 282. C. exigua, Torr. & Gray ; Macoun, Cat., L, 83. This has the cauline leaves narrowly linear, and is easily separated from the species by this character alone. Cedar Hill, and Mount Tolmie, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1875. (Macoun.) (337.) C. sarmentosa, Bongard, Veg. Sitch., 137. Dr. Gray says of this species :— " It would seem to be a species inter- mediate in certain respects between C. parvifolia and C. Chamissonis 312 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. with the alternate leaves of the former, and these broadly ovate, obo- vate or the radical rotund, the larger of the latter with a blade half an inch long." Specimens collected in the valley of Eagle River at Griffin Lake in the Gold Range, were exactly the same as those found on the coast 35Q miles to the west, and identical with all our other specimens of C. parvifolia ; but those gathered in the bed of the same stream, at an altitude of 6500 feet, were altogether different and undoubted C. sar- mentosa, as the species is defined by Dr. Gray. In addition to his characters, I may remark that all the stems are more or less curved and produce bulblets in the axils. 771. TALINUM, Adns. (3090.) T. spinescens, Ton-., Bot., Wilkes, 250. Mountain slopes west of Stump Lake, B.C. Alt. 3400 feet. Aug. 1888. (Dawson.) 93. CALANDRINIA. (3091.) C. Columbrana, Howell. (1886.) Abundant in crevices of rocks on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. Alt. 5500 feet, July l?th, 188*7. (Macoun.) The plant collected by Lyall on the boundary of British Columbia is now referred to this species by Mr. T. Howell. 97. HYPERICUM. (343.) H. Ascyron, Linn. ; Coulter, Bot. Gaz. XI., 83. References under H. pyramidatnm, Ait., Part I., 84, belong here. (34*7.) H. maculatum, Walter; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XI., 107. References under H. corymbosum, Muhl., Part I., 85, belong here. (349.) H. Canadense, Linn. var. minimum, Chois. ; Coulter. Bot. Gaz., XL, 110. H. anagattoides, Macoun, Cat. I., 85. Dwarf 1 to 3 inches high, simple, few-flowered ; leaves oblong, obtuse, 4 to 5 lines long, a line or two wide, smaller and more crowded below. Wet springy places, Cypress Hills, Assiniboia, Aug. 8th, 1 880. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 313 (350.) H. formosum, HBK. var. Scouleri, Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XL, 108. Keferences under H. Scouleri, Hook., Part I., 85, belong here. (351.) H. anagalloides, Cham. & Schlecht; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XL, 109. In ditches and wet gravelly places. Mount Finlayson, 10 miles from Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Common at Nanaimo, Qualicum, Comox and Home Lake, Vancouver Island ; Lulu Island, mouth of Eraser Eiver, and Burrard Inlet at Hastings, B.C. (Macoun.) 98. ELODES, Adns. (353.) E campanulata, Pursh. ; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XL, 111. References under E. Virginica, Nutt., Part L, 86, belong here. 89. MALVA. (3092.) M. BOREALIS, Wallm. ; Torr., Mex. Bound. Eep., 38. On ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, July, 188T. (Macoun.) 101. 6IDALCEA. (361.) S. malvseflora, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. L, 87. In Part L, 8f, this and the next were considered one species. When Part III. (page 501) was published, we had reached the conclu- sion that we had also Watson's var. Oregana. Since then, Dr. Gray has elaborated the genus, and our herbarium specimens are divided as below. In dry thickets at Oak Bay, and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (3093.) S. Oregana, Gray, PI., Fendl., in part; Proced. Amer. Acad. XIV., 237. Grassy slopes near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abundant in salt marshes at Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.') 104. SPH/ERALCEA. (365.) S. acerifolia, Nutt.; Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad. XIV., 294. S. rivularis, Torr. ; Macoun, Cat, I., 88, & III., 501. 21 314 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. There are two forms of this species in British Columbia. One of a slender habit, with five-lobed small leaves, the lobes obtuse or short pointed, growing in thickets at Shuswap and Enderby, B.C. ; the other a much stouter plant with coarse, generally five-lobed leaves, lobes with long tapering points, stems almost smooth. Salmon Arm, Shuswap Lake, B.C. (Macoun), and Elk Kiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.} 106. LINUM. (372.) L. Lewlsii, Pursh, Fl. I., 210; Trelease, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Science, V., 12. L. perenne L. var. Lewisii, Eat. & Wright ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 102. References under L. perenne, Linn., Part L, 89, belong here. IO7. GERANIUM. (3094.) G. DISSECTUM, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VI. , 104. Introduced in a few places in Canada. Port Arthur, west of Lake Superior. (Dr. Britton.) Vicinity of Victoria, and at Nanaimo, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.') 121. CEANOTHUS. (402.) C. OVatUS, Desf. ; Macoun, Cat. L, 96. Along the St. Clair River east of Point Edward, Ont. (J. Dearness.) 573. LIMNANTHES. (2116.) L. Macounii, Trelease, Rev. of Geran. L. Dvuglasii, Macoun, Cat., III., 502. Flcerkia proserpinacoides, Macoun, Cat., L, 91, in part. Glabrous, 2-3 inches high ; divisions of the leaves 5-9, remote, 3-6 mm. long, ovate, mostly 3-cleft, their lobes broad and very acute; flowers, 4-merous, not showy as in the other species ; sepals oblong, rather obtuse, enlarging somewhat in fruit; petals white (?), oblong- cuneate, erosely truncate, 3-4 mm. long ; stamens about equalling the petals,, anthers 4 mm. long; fruit obovoid, 3 mm. long, with very prominent tubercles. (Trelease.) Professor Trelease in his Revision of the Geraniaceas made this a new species and named it after the discoverer. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 315 115. ILEX. (395.) I. verticillata, Gray, var. tenuifolius, Eaton & Wright. " Both the type (Prmos verticillatus L.} and this variety are found at London. The variety (by their description) is much the commoner form, is only slightly pubescent on the veins beneath the leaves, and grows in very wet places, often in water. The type occupies drier, but still damp, places, and has the whole under surface of the leaves, woolly pubescent." (Burgess.) 121. RHAMNUS. (406.) R. Purshiana, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. I. 96, & III., 504. A small tree in damp thickets in every part of Vancouver Island as far noi'th as Comox ; on the mainland as far east as Sicamous in the Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 127. RHUS. (429.) R. Canadensis, Marsh. ; Gray, Man. ed. VI., 119. References under E. aromatica, Ait., Part I., 101, belong here. 129. LUPINUS (3095.) L. aridus, Dougl., Hook. Fl. I., 165. Grassy slopes of Za-kwas-ki Mountain, head of Nicoamen River, B.C. Alt. 6,500 feet, Aug. 1889. (Dawson.) (3096.) L. microcarpus, Sims. ; Ton-. & Gr., Fl. L, 371. Abundant on the face of the clay cliff, fronting beach, near Beacon Hill, Victoria, Vancover Island. 188*7. (Macoun.) (443.) L. micranthus, Dougl., var. microphyllus, Wat. Specimens referred to L. micranthus, var. bicolor, Wat., Part L, 103, belong here. (3097.) L- -? This fine species is related to L. laxiflorus, but Dr. Watson thinks it scarcely identical. Abundant at Kamloops and at the southern end of 316 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (Macoun) Specimens of this or a closely related species were obtained on the Upper Liard Kiver, Lat. 60°, N.W.T., in the summer of 1887, by Dr. Dawson. 132. TRIFOLIUM. (3098.) T. cyathiferum, Lindl. ; Torr. & Gr., PI. I., 320. Dry gravel along the Cowichan Kiver, Vancouver Island, ] 887 ; on dry ground, Penticton, at the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C., 1889. (Macoun) 133. MELILOTUS. (3099.) M. PARVIFLORA, Dosf. ; Torr. & Gr., PI. I., 321. Introduced. Ballast heaps at Pictou, N.S, 1883. (Macoun & Burgess?) Ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 134. MEDICACO. (468.) M. DENTICULATA, Willd., var. APIOULATA, Willd. ; Hooker, Student's Flora, 95. (1884.) Introduced. On ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Flower very small, yellow; stipules laciniate, pod coiled, reticulate but not spinose. 574. TRICONELLA. (2122.) T. HAMOSA, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 506. Eeferences under T corniculata, Linn , Part III., 506, belong here. 136. HOSACKIA (472.) H. tricolor, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 107. In water in the bed of a brook, near the " Half-way House," between Nanaimo and Wellington Mine, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun) (475.) H. Purshiana, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. L, 108. Dry prairies, Souris Co., Man. (Thos. Walker.) Griswold, Man. (Rev. A. Burman.) On rocks by the sea at Esquimault, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 31*7 (3100.) H. subpinnata, Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 326. Grassy places along the coast at Oak Bay and Beacon Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887 ; at the first tunnel above Yale on the C. P. Ry., and at Spence's Bridge, Kamloops, and Lake Okanagan, B.C. (Macoun.) Open ground, North Thompson River, B. C. (J. M. Macoun.) 142. ASTRAGALUS. (3101.) A. Mortoni, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gr., Fl. I., 330. On sandy and gravelly soil in thickets at Trout Creek, near the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (523.) A. Stenophyllus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 329. A. collinus, Macoun, Cat. I., 114, in part. A.filipes, Torrey, Bot. Wilkes, 278. Dry slopes Nicola Valley, 1877. (Dawson.) Abundant in the , Nicola Valley and around Nicola and Stump lakes, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) Good fruiting specimens were obtained. This is No. 523 of Part I., 115, which I was unable to determine, having only flower- ing specimens. 145. DESMODIUM. (540.) D. canescens, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 118. Not rare at Point aux Pins, Kent Co. ; and abundant at Point Pelee, Essex Co., Out. Growing in rather low-lying wet sandy thickets. (Burgess.) 577. ONOBRYCHIS. (2130.) O. SATIVA, Lam.; Macoun, Cat. III., 511. Cultivated on irrigated lands at Spence's Bridge and Kamloops, B.C., and escaped to brooksides. (Macoun.) 147. VICIA. (554.) V. Americana, Muhl., var. truncata, Brewer. Thickets and borders of woods, Kananaskis Station, Rocky Moun- tains, 1885; thickets at Agassiz, B.C., 1889; and at Beacon Hill and Gordon Head, near Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1 887. (Macoun.) 318 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 148. LATHYRUS. (3102.) L. Nuttallii, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XII., 450. L. venosus, Macoun, Cat. L, 121, in part Stout and tall, more or less pubescent throughout, with loose woolly hairs ; stipules, semi-sagittate, rather narrow ; leaflets, 3 to 6 pairs, variable, narrowly or broadly elliptical, usually acute or acutish at both ends, apiculate, 1 or 2 inches long ; rachis, tendril-bearing ; peduncle shorter than the leaves, few-flowered ; calyx teeth triangular, acuminate, the lower somewhat larger ; petals reddish purple, 6 to 8 lines long ; pod, glabrous, oblong, attenuate to a very short thick stipe, 1 to 1J inches long by 4 lines wide; seeds, globose, brown. Com- mon in thickets in British Columbia and Vancouver Island. In Part I., 121, this species was included in L. venosus, but is now separated by Dr. Watson. 155. PRUNUS. (573.) P. Virginiana, Linn., Var. (?). A form of this species, with very long deciduous sepals occurs in British Columbia, extending from the Fraser Yalley northward to Telegraph Creek. 157. SPIR/EA. (580.) S. Douglasii, Hook. var. Menziesii, Presl ; Macoun, Cat. L, 127. This variety is very common throughout British Columbia and Vancouver Island, while the type of the species is confined to Van- couver Island, as far as our knowledge of it extends. A variety which we refer to S. satitifoUa, was gathered at Sicamous in July, 1 889. It would pass in the east for S. salicifolia, as it has a large branching panicle, white flowers, and long exserted stamens. So far S. salicifolia has not been found west of the Rocky Mountains, but is reported from the far north. 158. PHYSOCARPUS. (Neillia.) (584.) P. opulifolius, Maxim. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 153. (1890.) References under Neillia opulifoiia, Benth. & Hook., Part L, 127, belong here. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 319 160. RUBUS. (593.) R. Stellatus, Smith; Macoun, Cat., I., 130. Port Simpson, coast of Northern British Columbia. (Anderson.) \ (598.) R. strigosus x leucodermis. A hybrid evidently between R. strigosus and R. leucodermis was found growing in profusion and fruiting abundantly on the hillsides, between the railway station and the hotel, and at other places at Sicamous, B.C. The fruit was very like that of R. neglectus, Peck, which is an undoubted hybrid between R. strigosus and R. occidentalis, but much more abundant and larger. 167. FRACARIA. (620.) F. Virginiana, Duch., var. Illinoensis, Gray. Of all the specimens of this species in our collection, only one col- lected at Ottawa, Ont., by J. M. Macoun can be referred here. Col- lectors in western Ontario should look out for it. 171. POTERIUM. (658.) P. Sitchense, Watson; Macoun, Cat. L, 143 & III., 519. Salt marshes along the Alberni Canal, and Barclay Sound, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Lake Lindeman, Lat. 59°, B.C.; neal' the mouth of Lewes Kiver, Lat. 62°, KW.T. (Dawson.) (2133.) P. SANGUISORBA, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 519. Introduced in grass seed in the Township of Massagawga, Halton Co., Ont. June, 1888. (J. Alston Moffatt.) (2134.) P. annuum, Nutt.; Macoun, Cat. III., 519. Abundant in the streets of Victoria, and in fields near Esquimault, Vancouver Island; also in fields at Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.} 172. ROSA. (3103.) R. Engelmanni, Watson; Gray, Man. ed. VI., 162. (1890.) Whiskey Island, Lake Huron, shores of Lake Superior, and west to 320 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the Bed River Valley. ( Watson.) The specimens from Whiskey Island were collected by Dr. John Bell in 1866. Other specimens gathered on Burnt Island, Lake Nepigon, in 1884, are also referred here by Mr. G. N. Best, Rosemount, New Jersey. Mr. Best, however, believes that both the Nepigon specimens and all my specimens of R. Sayti, belong to E. acicularis, Lindl., or var. Bourgeauiana, Crepin. (2135.) R. Sayii, Schwein; Macoun, Cat. III., 520. Whether this rose retains this name, or is placed under some other, we now know that it is our most northern rose, and extends from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Lake Mistassini, Severn River, Upper Liard River, and the Lewes River, a branch of the Yukon, in Lat. 62°. (2138.) For R. Woodsii, Wat., read R. Woodsii, Lindl. NOTE. — Mr. G. N. Best, of Rosemount, New Jersey, has examined all our mounted specimens of the genus Rosa, and has made a number of changes in our arrangement of specimens under certain species. As he has taken copious notes, and intends to publish them with other notes on roses, we make no changes except in the above instances (R. Sayii and R. Engelmanni), and in the following: R. Calif ornica and R. micrantha must be cancelled, the latter going to R. rubiginom, and the specimens retained in Part. III., 520, under the former, are referred doubtfully to R. pisocarpa. 174. CRAT/ECUS. (678.) C. coccinea, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 147. Since the publication of Part I. this species has been greatly ex- tended, and now includes much of C. tomentosa, Gray, Man., ed. V., 160. Var. macracantha, Dudley; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 165. C. tomentosa, Macoun, Cat, I., 147, in part. This includes all C. tomentosa from Nova Scotia to west of Manitoba, except specimens from the south-western part of Ontario at Amherst- burgh and Point Edward. Var. mollis, Torr. & Gray; Man., ed. VI., 165. C. subvillosa, Schrad. ; Macoun, Cat,, 1, 147. C. tomentosa, Linn., var. mollis, Gray, Man., ed. V., 160. Queenston Heights and westward along Lake Erie to Amherstburgh, Ont. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 321 (3104.) C. punctata, Jacq.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 166. (1890.) C. tomeritosa, var. punctata, Gray ; Maconn, Cat. I., 147. All the large fruited, small-leaved forms of C. tomentosa, belong here. The C. Crus-galli of all localities east of Hamilton, should be referred here, as that species is confined to south-western Ontario. 176. SAXIFRAGA. (3105.) S. OCCidentaliS, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 264. "Resembling S. Virginiensis', leaves often more or less densely rufous tomentose beneath ; infloresence open, glabrous or somewhat glandular- pubescent; calyx free from the pistils, cleft nearly or quite to the base, the segments very obtuse, not reflexed ; petals white, oblong-obovate, obtuse; filaments slender; seeds with a loose, smooth testa. From the Rocky Mountains of British America (Drummond) to British Columbia." (Lyall.) Summit of Mount Finlayson, 10 miles from Victoria; on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, altitude 5500 feet ; also at Yale and Lytton, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (700.) S. reflexa, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 152. On small islands in the entrance to the North Arm of Burrard Inlet, B.C. 1889. (Macoun .) (706.) S. Stellar is, Linn., var. comosa, Poir ; Macoun, Cat., I., 153. Under this we placed, in Part I , S. foliosa, E. Br , as a synonym. Specimens since collected in the Selkirk Mountains and Gold Range of British Columbia, are Robert Brown's species, but very far from being S. stellaris, var. comosa, which is an unbranching form. (3106.) S. foliosa, R. Brown ; Torr. & Gray, PI. I., 570. "Radical leaves cuneiform, slightly toothed; scapes divided, the branches one-flowered at the summit, and at their base clothed with a cluster of minute fascicled leaves ; calyx inferior, obovate ; limb of the petals cordate-lanceolate. Seems to be distinct from S. stellaris by the dense clusters of little leaves on the scapes, the flowers are few (or none), the obovate calyx, and particularly by the lamina of the equal petals being cordate at the base." {R. Brown.) On Bear Creek, Roger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, and on the Gold Range at Griflfin Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) Mount Queest, Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) 322 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 178. TOLMIEA. (717.) T. Menziesii, Torr. & Gray; Macoun, Cat. I., 155. Abundant in rich damp woods at Hastings, and Port Haney, Fraser Valley, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.') 180. TIARELLA. (3107.) T. laciniata, Hook., Fl. I., 239; Ton-. & Gray, Fl. I., 588. This species is included in T. trifoliata in Watson's Index of the Polypetalse, but specimens collected on Vancouver Island two years ago satisfy me that they are distinct. They differ as much in habit as in appearance, for while one is at home in the rich woods near the sea, the other is found only on stones in mountain brooks. Besides being laciniate, the leaves are smaller and thinner, of a brighter green, and more delicate in every way. On stones in mountain brooks flowing from Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. Alt. 2000 feet. 1887. (Macoun.) 189. SEDUM. (3108.) S. Oreganum, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 559. Abundant on rocks on a small islet at the head of Homo Lake ; also on mounts Mark and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 192. MYRIOPHYLLUM. (3109.) M. alternifolium, DC. Juliaushaab, Greenland. (Rosenvinge.) Lake Memphamagog, Que. July, 1886. (Dean, vide Morong.) 578. CALLITRICHE. (3110.) C. Bolanderi, Hegel m ; Bot. Calif., II., 77. Abundant in muddy pools at Alberni, and along Somas Eiver, on the west coast of Vancouver Island, 1887 ; also at Hastings, Port Moody, and Agassiz, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2147.) C. autumnalis, Linn.; Macoun, Cat., III., 530. North of the Saskatchewan. ( Dr. Richardson.) In pools, Bonaparte CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 323 Eiver, B.C., 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) In a pond on the Eeservation at Kamloops ; and abundant in Griffin Lake, Gold Range, B.C., 1 889. (Macoun.) Mr. A. Bennett believes that our North American C. autum- nalis will have to be separated from the European form as a variety. (3111.) C. heterophylla, Pursh; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 182; (1890.) In flowing water, Moose Jaw Creek, Assiniboia, July 18th, 1880. (Macoun.) Mr. A. Bennett states that this is C. Asagraya, Hegel. Mon. pi. 3, fig. 9 & pi. 4, fig. 1. (3112.) C. hamulata, Kate. In the Spullamachcen Eiver at Enderby, B.C., 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) On Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, 1887. The Vancouver Island specimens are without fruit and doubtfully referred to this species by Mr. A. Bennett. (Macoun.) 198. CODETIA. (3113.) G. HISPIDULA, Watson, Bot. California, I., 231. Introduced on ballast heaps, at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 196. EPILOBIUM. Many additional species and varieties of EpiloUum have been added to our flora since the publication of Part III., but our whole series of this genus is now being examined by Prof. Trelease who is unable to report upon them in time to include them in this Part. 204. LYTHRUM. (822.) L. Salicaria, Linn.; Macoun, Cat., I., 175, & III., 539. Low river bank, Byron, near London, Ont. (J. A. Balkwill.) 772. CUPHEA, Jacq. (3114.) C. VISCOSISSIMA, Jacq.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 186. (1890.) (Clammy Cuphea.) In cultivated fields between Hamilton and St. Catherines, Ont. 324 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 206. MENTZELIA. (8115.) M. dlspersa, Watson, Bot. California, I., 236. Abundant at Lytton and Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889, especially along the railway. (Macoun.') 212. HYDROCOTYLE. (3116.) H. UMBELLATA, Linn., Spec., 234. On ballast heaps on the coal wharf at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. Without doubt introduced. (Macoun.) 773. CRANTZIA, Nutt., Gen. I., 178. (3117.) C. lineata, Nutt. ; C. & E. Eev. of 1ST. Amer., Umbell, 92. Abundant in saline marshy spots from Nanaimo along the sea shore to the mouth of Nanaimo Eiver ; also at the head of James Bay, Vic- toria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 213. SANICULA. (836.) S. Marylandica, Linn.; C. & E. Eev. of K Amer., Umbell, 102. Coulter and Eose give the range of this species only westward to the Eocky Mountains. In Canada it ranges quite across the continent, and is found, though rarely, on Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Var. Canadensis, Torr. Fl. U.S., 302. S. Canadensis, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 179. There is now no doubt that this is only a variety of S. Marylandica, and references under that species in Part I. belong here. (3118.) S. Howellii, C. & E. Bot. Gazette, XIII., 81. 11 Stems coarse, a foot or less high, more or loss buried in the sand (or earth), often bearing tufts of stout elongated peduncles and leaves; leaves broad and palmately three to five lobed (often much modified by by being buried in the sand), the upper inclined to be pinnately lobed, the divisions rather sharply cut and toothed, the teeth mucronate- tipped ; umbels unequally few-rayed, with involucre of few leaf-like CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 325 bracts, and involucels of very prominent bractlete, sometimes much exceeding the large globose head of fruit ; flowers yellow ; fruit short pedicellate, prickly all over, 1J to 2 lines long, seed face concave." On clay cliffs Beacon Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) (3119.) S. Nevadensis, Watson, Proceed. Amer. Acad. XL, 139. " Stem slender, sometimes very short, simple, or branching near the base, a foot or less high ; leaves ternate, the divisions oblong-ovate, 3 to 5-lobed ; the segments lobed or toothed; umbel with about 5 rays, which are sometimes branched and become J to 1^ inches long in fruit, involucre of pinnatifid leaf like bracts, and involucels of small oblong acute bractlets ; flowers yellow, the sterile ones pedicelled, fruit prickly all over, 1J lines long ; seed face plane." On dry rocky hills near Vic- toria and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.') Thickets, Cadboro Bay, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Fletcher.) 215. MUSENIUM. (842.) M. trachyspermum, Nutt.; TOIT. & Gray, Fl. I., 642. References under M. divaricatum, Nutt., var. Hookeri, Part I., 180, and M. tenuifoUum, Part L, 180, belong here. 218. CARUM. (846.) C. Gairdneri, Benth. & Hook.; Macoun, Cat, L, 180 & III., 533. The references given in Parts I. & III. belong only in part to this species; the remainder to the next. North Fork of Old Man River, Alberta. (Dawson.) Cypress Hills, Alberta ; and very common in thickets at Cedar Hill, Comox, and Alberni, on Somas River, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) (3120.) C. Oreganum Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XII., 368. In the dry beds of brooks near the Hand Hills, Alberta ; also in a dry thicket near Victoria, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) 774. ZIZIA, Koch. (849.) Z. aurea, Koch; C. & R. Rev. of N. Amer., Umbel! . 127. Thaspium aureum, Macoun, Cat. L, 181. Thaspium aureum, var. apterum, Gray, Man., ed. V., 195. (1867.) 326 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. All our herbarium specimens of T. aureum belong here, but some of the references given in Part I. may belong to the true T. aureum. (3121.) Z. cordata, Koch; Hook., Fl. I., 260. Tha opium trifoliatum, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. 1 , 181, in part. All the specimens in our possession from the eastern part of the prairie region have been referred here by Coulter and Eose, while those from the base of the Eocky Mountains are placed under Thaspium. 220. THASPIUM. (350.) T. aureum, Nutt., var. trifoliatum, 0. & R Kev. of K Amer. Umbell., 83. T. trifoliatum, Macoun, Cat. I., 181, in part. The only specimen of this species in our collection is from Kanan- askis Station at the eastern base of the Kocky Mountains; collected 1885. (Macoun.) ^ 221. CICUTA. (852.) C. virosa, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. I, 182. To the species, which is wholly a northern form, Coulter and Eose unite C. maculata as a variety. It, therefore, becomes — Var. maculata, C. & E., Rev. of N. Amer., Umbell., 130. C. maculata, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 181. This includes all the more southern specimens and localities, and crosses the continent to the Pacific coast and Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Var. Californica, C. & R Eev. of N. Amer., Umbell., 130. C. Californica, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., VII., 344. Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill, and by ponds near Esquimault, Van- couver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 579. BERULA. (2150.) B. angustifolia, Koch; Macoun, Cat. III., 534. Abundant in the stream that enters the north- western arm of Lake Okanagan ; quite common in a pond on the Eeservation at Kamloops B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 32*7 225. BUPLEURUM. (857.) B. Americanum, C. & E.Eev. of K Amer. Umbell., 115. B. ranunculoides, Macoun, Cat., I., 182. " Radical leaves linear lanceolate; cauline ones very variable, oblong to linear, more or less clasping ; rays unequal, J to 2 inches long ; pedicels short." In general appearance this species resembles the European B. ranunculoides, but is distinguished as above. All references in Parts I. & III., belong here. Polly Kiver, I/at. 61°, N.W.T., 1887. (Dawson.) 226. OSMORRHIZA. (861.) O. occidentalis, Torr. Hex. Bound. Rep., 71. Glycosma occidentalis, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 183. This species with others have been united to Osmorrhiza by Coulter & Hose, in their late revision. 230. LICUSTICUM. (3122.) L. Crayi, C. & R, Rev. of N. Amer. Umbell., 88. " Stems 1 to 2 feet high, with leaves all nearly radical, and glabrous inflorescence; leaves ternate then pinnate; rays, with involucels of several narrowly linear elongated bractlets ; rays, 1 to 2 inches long ; pedicels 2 to 4 lines long, with short conical stylopodia, and narrow, prominent almost winged ribs ; oil-tubes 3 to 5 in the intervals, 8 on the commissural side ; seed strongly flattened dorsally, with angled back, and fuce but slightly concave, with no central ridge." Yery abundant on the summit of the Gold Eange at Griffin Lake, B.C., Aug., 1889. (Macoun.} 584. CENAIMTHE. (2206.) CE. sarmentosa, Presl; DC., Prodr. IV., 138; Macoun, Cat. III., 537. Very common in ditches and marshy places throughout Vancouver Island ; also common in the Fraser Valley west of Yale, B.C. (Macoun.) 775. CONIOSELINUM, Fisch. (886.) C. Canadense, Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 619. References under Selinum Canadense, Part I., 184, belong here. 328 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 231. SELINUM. (867.) S. Paciflcum, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XI., 140. Specimens referred here doubtfully, because they were too young, were collected at China or Atlat Creek, and' other points along Alberni Canal and Barclay Sound, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (3123.) S. Dawsoni, C. & R, Bot. Gazette, XIII., 144. '• A foot or so high, glabrous; leaves ternate, then pinnate, the small (J to \ inch long) ovate acute segments laciniately toothed to entire ; umbel, with involucels of linear-oblong scarious bractlete longer than the pedicels, and abruptly ending in a long attenuation; pedicels, 1 to 2 lines long ; fruit oblong, smooth, about 2 lines long, with promi- nent wings, the lateral ones but little broader; rarely an additional small oil-tube in a lateral interval, seed hardly at all dorsally sulcate. This interesting species is quite distinct from all other species of Selinum in its leaf and involucel characters, as well as in the prominent thin wings of the fruit. Pelly River at Pelly Banks. Yukon District, Lat. 61°, Aug. llth, 1887. (Dawson.} 232. ANGELICA. . (869.) A. genuflexa, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 620; Macoun, Cat. I., 185. Abundant at Griffin Lake, Sicamous, Agassiz, and other localities to the coast at Burrard Inlet, B.C. ; also at Qualicum and Alberni, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) (871.) A. atropurpurea, Linn., Spec., 251. Keferences under Archangelica atropurpurea, Hoffm., Part. I., 185, belong here. (873.) A. hirsuta, Muhl., Cat. ed. II., 30. References under Archangelica hirsuta, Torr. & Gray; Macoun, Cat. I., 186, belong here. 776. CCELOPLEURUM, Ledeb., Fl. Ross. II., 361. (872.) C. Cmelini, Ledeb. ; C. & R. Rev. of N. Amer. Umbell, 90. Archangelica Gmelini, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. I., 186. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 329 Along both sides of Burrard Inlet, and common on the coast of Vancouver Island ; also at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island. (Macoun.) 777. PHELLOPTERUS, Benth., Gen. Plant, I., 9O5. (3124.) P. littoralis, Schmidt ; C. &E. Eev, of N. Amer. Umbell., 81. Lying prostrate on the sandy beach at Fuller's Farm, Oak Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 778. PASTINACA, Linn., Gen. No. 362. (882.) P. SATIVA, Linn. ; C. & E. Eev. N. Amer. Umbell., 49. Eeferences under Peucedanum sativum, Part I., 187, belong here. 235. PEUCEDANUM. (878.) P. ambiguum, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, PL L, 626. On dry hills at Lytton, Yale, Stump Lake, Kamloops and Sicamous, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (3125.) P. eurycarpum, C. & E., Eev. of N. Amer. Umbell., 61. P. macrocarpum, var. (?) eurycarpum, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. III., 536. On the hills, on the north side of Kicking Horse Eiver, at Golden, Columbia Valley, 1885; quite common at Spence's Bridge, and on the arid hills along the Thompson Eiver to Lytton, B.C. (Macoun.) (877.) P. triternatum, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, PL I., 626. On rocks at Lytton, and along the Fraser Eiver above it, 1889. (Macoun.') (3026.) P. nudicaule, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, PL I., 627. Open prairie, Souris Co., Man., 1889. (T. Walker.) (2154.) P. viilosum, Nutt. ; Watson, King's Eep., V., 131. Moose Mountain, Assiniboia, 1884. (J. M. Macoun.) Moist banks, Souris Co., Man., 1889. (T. Walker.) 22 330 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2155.) P. Sandbergii, C. & R, Bot. Gazette, XIII., 79. P. ? NO. 2155, Macoun, Cat. III., 536. " Caulescent, branching at base, an inch or two to a foot high, from an elongated slender root, rough puberulent; petioles wholly inflated, with a very conspicuous white scarious margin ; leaves ternately or pin- nately dissected, the ultimate segments very short linear ; umbel very unequally, 6 to 15-rayed, with involucels of distinct linear-lanceolate bractlets ; rays, 1 to 4 inches long ; pedicels, a line or two long ; flowers, bright yellow; fruit, ovate, puberulent, 2 to 2J lines long, 1J lines broad, with very narrow wings, and filiform dorsal and intermediate ribs ; oil-tubes, 4 or 5 in the intervals, 6 on the commissural side; seed- face, plane." North and South Kootanie passes and summit of Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) (3127.) P. Martindalei, C. & R, var. augustatum, C. & R., Bot. Gazette, XIII., 143. " Usually more caulescent than the species and sometimes taller, with more dissected leaves, and wings of fruit about half a line wide, making a fruit about 2 lines wide." Summit of Mount Mark, altitude 3300 feet ; and Mount Arrowsmith, altitude 5500 feet, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 237. LEPTOT/ENIA, Nutt., Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 629. (884.) L. dissecta, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 630. Ferula diwoluta, Watson ; Macoun, Cat. L, 188. Cache Creek Mountain, B.C. (Macoun.') (885.) L. multiflda, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gray, FJ. I., 630. Ferula multifida, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. L, 188. On dry hillsides at Sicamous, Kamloops, Spence's Bridge and Lytton, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) % 239. TIEDEMANNIA, DC. (888.) T. rlgida, C. & R, Eev. of N. Amer. Umbell., 64. References under Archemora rigida, Part I., 188, belong here. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 331 242. CORNUS. (3128.) C. Baileyi, Coulter & Evans, Bot. Gaz., XV., 37. C stolonifera, Macoun, Cat. I., 190, in part. "Erect shrub, with reddish-brown, mostly smooth branches; branch- lets and inflorescence pubescent to woolly; petioles 6 to 25 mm. long ; leaves from lanceolate to ovate, acute or short-acuminate, acute or obtuse at base, appressed-pubescent to glabrate above, white beneath, and with woolly hairs variously intermingled with appressed ones (or in some cases all appressed), 2'5 to 12 cm. long, 1/2 to 7*5 cm. wide; flowers in small, rather compact cymes ; calyx-teeth from small to prominent ; fruit white ; stone decidedly compressed, flat-topped, rarely oblique, with a very prominently furrowed edge, much broader than high (3 mm. high, 4 to 6 mm. broad)." Low grounds at the mouth of Nepigon River, Lake Superior ; " River That Turns," near the source of the Qu'Appelle River, Assiniboia (Macoun) ; Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.} North Fork of Old Man River, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Probably common between Lake Superior and the Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) 245. SAMBUCUS. (3129.) S. glauca, Nutt.; TOIT. & Gray, Fl. II., 13. In the vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Fletcher.) Abundant along the Cowichan River and at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island; also at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) 248. SYPMHORICARPUS. (3130.) S. mollis, Nutt. ; TOIT. & Gray, Fl. II., 4. Quite common on dry, gravelly hills at Goldstream and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887 ; also on gravel at Yale and Agassiz, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 258. VALERIANELLA. Tourn. The above generic name is substituted for Plectritis, Part II., 205, &IIL, 501. (3131.) V. anomala, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIX., 83. On gravelly slopes near Nanaimo, Vancouver, 1887. (Macoun.) 332 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 262. EUPATORIUM. (959.) E. purpureum, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 239. (1890.) The type of this species has been collected both at Hamilton and London, Out., by T. J. Burgess, M.D. It is probable that the spotted stem is only a trivial variation. 267. CRINDELIA. (3132.) G. nana, Nutt.; Gray, Synop., PI. II., 119. In dry open woods at Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1 887. (Macoun.') Var. discoidea, Gray, Synop. PL II., 119. A rayless state of the species gathered on the dry mountain slopes at Goldstream, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Other specimens were collected that are doubtfully referred to G. integrifolia. It is quite evident that we have two species on the coast of Vancouver Island that have been included in Gray's Synoptical Plora in the above mentioned species. In one series all the forms have entire leaves ; but they vary much in size, and are from glabrous to tomentose. Another series, with serrate leaves, stout stems and almost smooth in every part, is also included. 779. BOLTONIA, L'Her. (3033.) B. asteroides, L'Her. ; Gray, Synop. PL II., 166. In moist places, Souris Co., Man., 1889; apparently very rare. (T. Walker.} (3034.) B. latisquama, Gray, var. occidentalis, Gray, Synop. PI. II., 166. Kich, damp soil, 15 miles west of Winnipeg, Man., 1886. (Fletcher.) 276. ASTER. (1022.) A. radulinus, Gray; Macoun, Cat. II., 220. On the summit of Mount Finlayson, and at Home Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) The specimens referred to this species in Part II., 220, belong to A. conspicuus. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 333 (1039.) A. campestris, Nutt.; Macoun, Cat. II., 224. Guichon Creek, Nicola Valley, B.C., 1888. (Dawson.) (1046.) A. Novi-Belgii, Linn., var. litoreus, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 189. Salt marsh, and along the bridge that crosses it, near Shaw's Hotel, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun.) (3135.) A. patulus, Lam. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 262. New Brunswick. (Gray, Man.) We have never seen this species, and would be glad if New Brunswick botanists could detect it. (2171.) A. Tradescanti, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 545. This species differs from A. paniculatus in having its leaves (chiefly) linear and tapering to a long slender point. Probably common throughout Ontario, but confounded with A. paniculatus. Quite common at Hull, Que., and Casselman, 29 miles from Ottawa. (Macoun.) N ot uncommon at Ottawa. (W.Scott.) (2173.) A. occidentalis, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 546. In various forms and very abundant along lakes and streams in all parts (visited) of Vancouver Island ; also at Shuswap Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) (1049.) A. puniceus, Linn., var. lucidulus, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 195. Riviere du Loup, Q. Aug., 1889. (St. Gyr.) Var. laevicaulis, Gray, Synop., Fl. II., 195. References under A. puniceus, var. firmus, Part II., 226, belong here. (1053.) A. peregrinus, Pursh; Macoun, Cat. II., 226. In crevices of rocks at the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancou- ver Island, 1887; alt. 5900 feet. (Macoun.) (1054.) A. foliaceus, Lindl., var. Eatoni, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 194. Not uncommon on King's Farm at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Van- couver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 334 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. pubescens, Gray, I.e.. Salt marshes, along Barclay Sound, amongst the islands near Cape Beale, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (1067.) A. subulatus, Michx., Fl. II., 111. In salt marshes along the outer sands of Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun). In Part II., 229, under this number I placed a specimen collected along the coast of Lake Huron, but it is more likely a form of A. paniculatus. 276. ERICERON. (2177.) E. flagellaris, Gray; Macoun, Cat. III., 548. Better specimens have been collected at Spence's Bridge, B.C., by Mr. James Fletcher, since the publication of Part III., and competent authorities have referred them to this species. 780. PSILOCARPHUS, Nutt. (3136.) P. Oreganus, Nutt., var. elatior, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 228. Quite common in ditches that dry up in summer, at Cloverdale and Cedar Hill, near Yictoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (3137.) P. tenellus, Nutt.; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 228. Abundant in ditches at Cloverdale, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 295. BIDENS. (3138.) B. bullata, Linn.? Along the Somas River between Alberni and Sproat Lake, on the west side of Vancouver Island, 1887. Doubtfully referred here by Dr. Watson. (Macoun.) 781. HELIANTHELLA, Torr. & Gray. (3139.) H. Douglasii, Torr. & Gray, Fl. II., 334. Mountains between Nicola Valley and Niacomen, B.C., 1888. (Dawson.) Abundant on the mountains between the Nicola River and the Thompson, south of Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) Moun- tains north-west of Spence's Bridge. (J. M. Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 335 311. ARTEMISIA. (3040.) A. ANNUA, Linn. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 3*70. Introduced at London, Ont., and inclined to spread. (Burgess.) Yacant lots, West Toronto, Ont. (Macoun.) . (1192.) A. glauca, Pall. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 255. On the open prairie, Souris Co., Man., 1889. (T. Walker.') 312. LUINA. (1212.) L. hypoleuca, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 259. Very abundant in crevices of rock on Mount Mark, altitude 2000 feet; also on the sea-cliffs of the Alberni Canal, west side of Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.} Crevices of water-worn rocks in a canyon of the Kokesaila River, about 50 miles from Victoria on the Nanaimo Eailway, Vancouver Island. (Anderson.) 318. SENECIO. (1230.) S. SYLVATICUS, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 263. Waste places on Shaw's Farm, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888; cultivated ground, Burrard Inlet, at Hastings, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (1237.) S. aureus, Linn., var. subnudus, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 391. Western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains. 1883. (Dawson.) 319. CACALIA. (1249.) C. tuberosa, Nutt.; Macoun, Cat. II, 268. Plentiful on the banks of the Maitland River, near Clinton, Ont. (J. Dearness.) 32O. TETRADYMIA. (1250.) T. canescens, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 268. On rocky hillsides, Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Amongst rocks to the west of Kamloops, on both sides of the Thompson River, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) On the North Thompson, 20 miles north of Kamloops, 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) 336 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 782. SILYBUM, Ceertn. (MILK THISTLE.) (3141.). S. MARIANTTM, Gsertn. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 405. GosnelFs Cove, near Kingston, Ont, (T. Walker.} Along the seashore at Oak Bay, Victoria, and at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Escaped from gardens. 326. CENTAUREA. (3142.) C. OLCITRAPA, Linn. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 406. (Star Thistle.) Introduced in ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. 1 887. (Macoun.) (3143.) C. MELITENSIS. Linn.; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 406. Introduced. On dry knolls and rocky ledges at Esquimault ; also on ballast heaps at Nanairao, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (3144.) C. JACEA, Linn.; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 407. In meadows at Cedar Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. Introduced. (Macoun.) 331. CREPIS. (3145.) C. BIENNIS, Linn. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 430. Naturalised in fields at Cedar Hill and Somenos, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (1283.) C. VIRENS, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 274. Cowichan River and in woods at Chemanos, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 332. HIERACIUM. (2188.) H. AURANTIACUM, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 551. Hamilton Road, east of London, Ont. (J. Dearness.) (1284.) H. PILOSELLA, Linn., var. PELETERIANUM, Mer. Very common along roadsides, covering the backs of the dykes and the borders of the fields in many parts of Prince Edward Island. Completely -naturalized. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 337 (1293.) H. paniculatum, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IT., 276. In woods, western Ontario. (J. Dearness.') (3146.) H. •? A tall, coarse plant, with the general appearance of Crepis^ growing in clumps. The whole stem is more or less covered with dark hairs, which increase so much on the peduncles and bracts as to make them very dark colored. Leaves with only occasional teeth, rough, with hispid hairs, which are more numerous on the under side, mid-rib broad and white ; radical leaves nearly a foot long, tapering into the petiole. Naturalized in meadows at Cedar Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.} (3147.) H. cynoglossoides, Arvet. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 428. A tall species over three feet high, quite smooth and glaucous, except a few bulbous hairs at the base; leaves entire, lanceolate, not clasping ; panicle like Crepis virens ; involucre almost black, covered with appressed glandular hairs. Collected 40 miles up the North Thompson, beyond the settlements extending from Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) Dr. Britton suggests the above name, but the speci- men in our herbarium from Howell is unlike this. 346. CAMPANULA. (3148.) C. aurita, Greene, Pittoniana, I., Part V., 221, 1888. " Eoot perennial ; stems several, a span high, erect, slender, leafy, one-flowered ; the whole plant pale and minutely scabrous ; leaves an inch long, oblong, lanceolate, acute, sessile by a narrow base, entire or with a few coarse teeth ; segments of the calyx lanceolate, each with a pair of erect lobes or teeth at or near the base ; corolla violet, f inch long, cleft to some distance below the middle, the segments lanceolate, widely spreading." A well-marked and interesting species obtained on the table-lands of the Yukon Kiver, Alaska, Latitude 63°, late in August, 1881, by Mr. Octavius S. Bates. (Greened) (1344.) C- rotund ifolia, Linn., var. arctica, Lange. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 560. Greenland, Lat. 71°, 1888. (Hanson.) Little Oharlton Island, James Bay, July, 1887. (<7. M. Macoun.} All the northern specimens 338 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. are distinguished by having reflexed, white hairs on the lower part of the stem. Var. Alaskana, Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 395. Mount Mark, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. Alt. 2500 ft. (Macoun.) Var. hirsuta. A slender, narrow-leaved variety, with the lower part of stem covered with stiff reflexed hairs. Flowers 1-5, smaller than in the species. Shores of Home Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 347. HETEROCODON. (1348.) H. rariflorum, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 289. Eather common on the oak pasture lands at Cloverdale and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) •^ 349. VACCINIUM. (1356.) V. uliginosum, Linn., var. mucronatum, Herder; Macoun, Cat. II., 291. Crevices of rocks, summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5700 feet, July, 1887. (Macoun.) (3149.) V. occidental, Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 23. Amongst rocks on the slopes of Mount Mark, alt. 2500 feet, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island, July, 1887. {Macoun.) 350. OXYCOCCUS. (1365.) O. vulgaris, var. intermedium, Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 39G. Along the swampy margin of Langford Lake, near Goldstream, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 353. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS. (1371.) A. tomentosa, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 295. Growing in large bushes on the summit of Mount Erskine, altitude 1200 feet, Salt Spring Island, Gulf of Georgia; also on Mount Finlay- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 339 son and other mountains at Xroldstream ; and on the ridge at the " Old Mine," near the head of Chase .River, and on Mount Benson. Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 354. CAULTHERIA. (1373.) C. ovatifolia, Gray; Macoun, Cat. II., 295. Cascade Mountains, British Columbia. (Gray.} In alpine woods on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 4500 feet, 1887; also at Sicamous in the Gold Range, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 363 LEDUM. (1397.) L. glandulosum, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 301 &IIL, 562. Plateau north of Tranquille River, alt. 5000 feet; plateau north of Nicola River, alt, 6000 feet, B.C., 1889. (Dawson.) 366 CLADOTHAMNUS. (1408.) C. pyrolaeflorus, Bong. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 303. Mountain near Sumas Lake, 1884. (Bowman.'} Lake Karmutzen, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Dawson.) Wooded slopes, Mount Arrow- smith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5500 feet, 1887. (Macoun.) 368. MONESES. (1416.) M. grand iflora, Salisb., Gray, Man., ed. VI, 323. References under M. uniflora, Part II., 306, belong here. 369. CHIMAPHILA. (1418.) C. Menziesii, Spreng. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 306. Shady woods along the Little Qualicum River, and common on the lower slopes of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (1419.) C. maculata, Pursh; Macoun, Cat. II., 306. In woods at Plover Mills, Ont. (It. Elliott.) 371. ALLOTROPA. (1421.) A. virejata, Torr. & Gray ; Macoun, Cat. II., 307. Quite common in gravelly soil everywhere around Goldstream and in woods at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 340 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 373. HIPOPITYS. (3150.) H. flmbriata, Gray, Proced. Araer. Acad., VIII., 629. Quite common in coniferous woods along the Little Qualicum Eiver and on the slopes of mounts Mark and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island , 1887. (Macoun.) 377. PRIMULA. (1430.) P. Sibirica, Jacq. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 310. Sea shore below high-water mark, west coast of Hudson Bay, Aug., 1886. (J. M. Macoun.) (3151.) P. Egaliksensis, Hornem. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 399. Shore of Charlton Island, James Bay, July, 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) 380. DODECATHEON. (3152,) D. frigidum, Cham. & Schlecht. ; Gray, Bot, Gaz., XL, 233. D. Meadia, Linn., var. frigidum, Macoun, Cat. II., 312. Crevices of rocks, summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5700 feet, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (3153.) D. Henderson!, Gray, Bot. Gaz., XL, 233. D. Meadia, Linn., var. macrocarpum, Macoun, Cat. II., 312. Eeferences credited, in Part II., to Dawson, Hill, Fletcher and Macoun, belong here. (3154.) D. Jeffrey!, Moore; Gray, Bot. Gaz., XL, 232. D. Meadia, Linn., var. lancifolium, Macoun, Cat. II., 312. On an island in the Fraser at Kanaka Bar, B.C. (Hill.') Abundant on mountains at Lytton, and Spence's Bridge, B.C , 1889. (Macoun.) 386. CENTUNCULUS. (1453.) C. minimus, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 315. In boggy places, at Mount Stewart and Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island; in a pond on the Indian Reservation at Kamloops, B.C. ; quite common at Sproat Lake and Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 341 783. VINCA, Linn. (PERIWINKLE.) (3155.) Y. MINOR, Linn. ; Hooker, Student's Flora, 268. Escaped from gardens to roadsides at Kingston, Ont. (T. Walker.*} 391. ASCLEPIAS. (1466.) A. speciosa, Torr.; Macoun, Cat., II., 319. Very common in the valley of the Thompson Eiver, B.C., from Shuswap Lake to Lytton, on gravel benches and amongst sand, 1889. (Macoun.) 394. CENTIANA. (1488.) C. glauca, Pall. ; Macoun, Cat., II., 323. Quite common on the summit of the Gold Bange, north of Griffin Lake, B.C., altitude 7000 feet, 1889. (Macoun.') (1492.) C. sceptrum, Griseb.; Macoun, Cat., II., 323. In Westwood's swamp at the base of Mount Benson and in small swamps at Departure Bay, Nanaimo, and at Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island ; also on Lulu Island at the mouth of the Fraser Eiver, B.C., 1889 . ( Macoun.} (1499.) C. linoaris, Frcel., var. latifolia, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIV., 309. This variety differs from the var. lanceolata, Part II., 325, in having broad leaves, less tapering at the base and being more like a form of G. alba than G. linearis. Ten or twelve miles north of St. Stephen, Charlotte Co., N.B. ( Vroom.*) Kaministiquia Eiver at Fort William, west of Lake Superior, 1889. (Dr. Britton.} The references to G. alba in Part II., 324, all, or nearly all, belong here. In Gray's Man., ed. VI., 351, the flowers are said to be blue. None of our specimens are that color, and the type of the variety was not blue. Var. lanceolata, Gray; Macoun, Cat., II., 325. Along Eupert Eiver, between ' Lake Mistassini and James Bay, N.E.T., 1885. (J. M. Macoun.} 342 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 784. ERYTHR/EA, Richard. (CENTUARY.) (3156.) E. CENTAUEIUM, Pers. ; Gray, Man , ed. VI., 347. (1890.) Sandy wastes on Sable Island off the coast of Nova Scotia. Collected July, 1870. (Mrs. Almond.) 403. COLLOMIA. (3157.) C. grandiflora, Dougl. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 135. On grassy banks at Port Moody, B.C., 1885. (A. J. Hill') Abundant in cultivated fields at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (1521.) C. gracilis, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. II. , 329. On gravel banks, Coldwater River, and mountains south of Tulameen River ; altitude 6000 feet, B.C. (Dawson.) Gravel banks along the Fraser and Thompson rivers from Yale to Kamloops, B.C. ; common on dry, rocky or gravelly soil at Goldstream, Nanaimo and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Lytton, B.C. (Fletcher.) (1522.) C. heterophylla, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 329. Very common on open slopes on all the mountains at Goldstream, and along the Nanaimo Railway, at niany points, to Nanaimo, Van- couver Island ; rocky hills at Yale, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 404, CILIA. (1523.) C. linifolia, var. pharnaceoides, Gray; Macoun, Cat. II., 329. Twenty miles up the North Thompson. (J. M. Macoun.) On hard baked earth, where water had stood in spring, in low spots, on the north side of the Thompson River, at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (1527.) C. aggregata, Spreng. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 330. Five miles south of Allison's, Similkameen, B.C., Aug. 1888. (Dawson.) Amongst gravel at Penticten, at the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (3158.) G. CORONOPIPOLIA, Pcrs. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 145. (Standing Cypress.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 343 A garden escape. On a gravelly knoll by a roadside near Port Dover, Norfolk Co., Ont., Aug. 1888. (A. W. Henshaw.} There is no doubt but this is a garden escape, as it is often cultivated. (1529.) Gr. CAPITATA, Dougl. ; Macouii, Cat. II., 330. South of Shawnigan Lake, along the Nanaimo Kail way, Vancouver Island; gravelly slope at Sicamous, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.} (3159.) Gr. ACHILLE^FOLIA, Benth. ; Gray, Synop. I., 147. On the Nanaimo Kail way, near Shawnigan Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.} It is probable that both the above species have been introduced with grain from Oregon. 406. HYDROPHYLLUM. (3160.) H. occidental, Gray, var. Fendleri, Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 154. Grassy slopes, north-west of Spence's Bridge, altitude 3500 feet, B.C., 1889. (J. M. Macoun.} (1535.) H. capitatum, Dougl.; Macoun, Cat. II., 331. On mountains north-west of Spence's Bridge, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.} (1536.) H. Virginicum, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., II., 331, & III., 567. Not uncommon in the valley of Goldstream, near Victoria, Van- couver Island, between the hotel and the sea, 1887. (Macoun.} 407. NEMOPHILA. \ (31U1.) N. Menziesii, Hook. & Arn.; Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 156. Abundant on gravel on Cedar Hill and Mount Tolmie, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.} 410. ROMANZOFFIA. (1546.) R. Sitchensis, Bong.; Macoun, Cat. II., 334. On stones in the stream that flows from Mount Arrows mith into Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island, about three miles from the lake, July, 1887. (Macoun.) 344 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 412. PECTOCARYA. (1548.) P. penicillata, A. DC. ; Maeouri, Cat., II., 334. Quite common in dry soil at Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 413. CYNOCLOSSUM. (2195.) C. occidental, Gray; Macoun, Cat., III., 567. In apiece of thick, damp, woods at Vernon, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.} 414. ECHINOSPERMUM. (3162.) E. hispidum, Gray, Synop. PI. I., 422. On damp spots along the railway at Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Fletcher, Macoun.} We follow Dr. Gray in the Supplement to his Synoptical Flora, Vol. II., Part I., 422, in changing the genus Eritrichium, Schrad., into the following genera : — 785. OMPHALODES, Tourn. (1558.) O. nana, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 262. Eritrichium nanum, var. aretioides, Herder. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 336. The varieties are included in the species by Dr. Gray. 786. KRYNITZKIA, Fisch. & Meyer. (1559.) K. plebeia, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 266. Eritrichium pkbcium, A. DC. ; Macoun, Cat II., 337. (1560.) K. Californica, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 266. Erilrichium Californicwn, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. Along the Somas Eiver, Alberni, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) (1561.) K. Chorisiana, Gray,Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 26T. Eritrichium Chori&ianum, DC- ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. All the specimens collected around Victoria by Hill, Fletcher and Macoun are of this species. The reference in Part III., 568, is to the Lytton specimens. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 345 (1562.) K. Scouleri, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 267. Eritrichium fulvum, A. DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. E. Scoulcri, A. DC. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 568. Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Fletcher.) Wet spots, " Half-way House," Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) (1564.) K. leiocarpa, Fisch. & Meyer; Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 270. Erilrichium leiocarpum, Watson ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. Little Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (1565.) K. crassisepala, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 268. Eritrichium crassisepalum, Torr. & Gray ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. This has not been collected of late years. (2198.) K. circumscissa, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 275. Eritrichium circumscissum, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. III., 568. On very dry slopes at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (1566.) K. glomerata, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 279. Eritrichium glomeratum, DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337. This only includes the type and synonyms. The prairie specimens are chiefly of this species. (3163.) K. sericea, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 279. Eritrichium glomeratum, DC., var. humile, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. II., 338. Specimens chiefly from the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains, belong here. (1567.) K. leucophaea, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 279. Eritrichium leucophxum, A. DC. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 338. Not yet found by Canadian collectors. 787. PLACIOBOTHRYS, Fisch. & Meyer. (1563.) P. tenellus, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 281. Eritrichium tenellum, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. II., 337, & III., 568. Mount Tolmie, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887- (Macoun.) 23 346 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3164.) P. Torreyi, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XX., 281. Erilrichium Torreyi, Gray; Macoun, Cat- III., 568. The specimens from Lytton, referred here, are correct. Abundant at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.} 418. MYOSOTIS. (1577.) M. PALUSTRIS, With. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 340. In wet places along the Frasor Kiver at Lulu Island, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.') 428. SOLANUM. (1608.) S. NIGRUM, Linn., var. VILLOSUM, Mill.; Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 228. On ballast heaps at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887; waste places around Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) Var. nodiflorum, Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 228. In wheat fields at Agassiz, B.C. 1889. Possibly introduced. (Macoun.) 439. COLLINSIA. (1635.) C. parviflora, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 453, & III., 570. Guichon Creek, B.C. ; Glenora, Stikine Eiver, B.C. 1887. (Dawson.) Agassiz, B.C., 1889; also on Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 44O. SCROPHULARIA. (1636.) S. nodosa, Linn., var. Marilandica, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 380 ; Macoun, Cat. II., 354, in part. In the edition of the manual just cited, only one form of this species is described. As we have two forms of it, that were recognized and described by Pursh, Fl. II., 419, I now reproduce them, and append to the description of Pursh that of Mr. J. Dearness, Public School Inspector of London, Ont,, who first drew my attention to them, and who has grown them side by side for three years. Leaves cordate rounded, at the base acutely serrate; petioles ciliate at the base ; panicle fasciculate loose-flowered ; flowers, greenish brown. The whole plant often four feet high. In flower from June to August. (Pursh.) Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate above; broad at base cordate CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 347 to round, about equally deeply serrate. Flowers, lurid olive to brown. Usually solitary. Less than a foot high on 21st May, 1889. Time of flowering, August, September, October. (Dearness.) Damp river bank at London, Ont. (Burgess, Millman, Dearness.} (3165.) S. lanceolata, Pursh, Fl. II., 419. Loaves lanceolate, unequally serrate, the serratures acuminate, acute at the base ; petioles naked ; panicle corymbose-fasciculate. Flowers, greenish yellow. In flower from August to September. (PwrsA.) Leaves lanceolate from lowest to highest; deeply and unequally serrate or toothed ; acute at the base. Flowers green, tinged slightly with yellow. In flower June and July. Six or eight strong stalks from a horizontally spreading root. Four feet high on 21st May, 1889. (jD ear/iess.) Vicinity of Belleville, Out. (Macoun.) Biddulph Town- ship, Middlesex Co., Ont. (Dearness.') (3166.) 8. Californica, Cham.; Gray, Synop. Fl.I.,258. The specimens referred here have the stems puberulent, with appressed hairs, which pass in the upper part of the stem and inflor- escence into stalked glands. The leaves, however, are more like S. nodosa, var. Marilandica, not being deeply serrate. China Creek, ALberni Canal, Vancouver Island, 1887; in the valley of Eagle Eiver at Griffin Lake, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 443. MIMULUS. (1658.) M. moschatus, Dougl.,var. sessilifolius, Gray, Suppl. Synop. Fl. I., 446. In water along China Creek, Alberni Canal, Vancouver Island, Aug. 1887. (Macoun.) 444. CRATIOLA. (1659.) C. ebracteata, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 358. Abundant in a field near the Bail way Station at Nanaimo, and occa- sionally in wet places at Wellington Mines, Vancouver Island ; in wet spots by the saw-mill at Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 446. LIMOSELLA. (1663.) L. aquatica, Linn., var, tenuifolia, Hoffm. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 359. 348 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Quite common in a salt marsh at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island. 1888. (Macoun.) Sable Island, 1870. (Mrs. Almond.) 445. ILYSANTHES. (1667.) I. riparia, Kaf. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 385. /. gratioloides, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 359. Leamy's Lake, near Hull, Que. 1889. (Macoun.) 451. CASTILLEIA. (3167.) C. breviflora, Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 299. In clumps, on dry hills, north of Kamloops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) On dry ground, Lower Arrow Lake, B.C.. 1889. (Dawson.) The specimens gathered at Osoyoos Lake, B.C., and referred to Orthocarpus tenuifolius, Part II., 366, belong here. 452. ORTHOCARPUS. (3168.) O. castilleioides, Benth.; Gray, Synop. Fl. L, 300. Quite common in wet meadows near the seashore, three miles below Alberni, on the Alberni Canal, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) 460. BOSCHNIAKIA. (1727.) B. Hookeri, Walp. ; Macoun; Cat. II., 374 & III., 578. Abundant on the roots of Gaultheria Shallon, near the base of Mount Benson, Nanaimo ; also in woods along the Little Qualicum River, Vancouver Island, 1887. The greater number of the specimens were bright purple, but a few were quite pale. (Macoun.) 462. UTRICULARIA. (1732.) U. minor, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 375. In a marsh at Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island. 1888. (Macoun.) (1733.) U. gibba, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 375. In a muddy bay off a large pond at Westminster, near London, Ont. (Dearness.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 349 463. PINCUICULA. (1737.) P. villosa, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II, 376. Frances Eiver, Lat. 61°, N.W.T. 1887. (Dawson.) 468. VERBENA. (1748.) V. bracteosa, Miehx. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 379 & III., 574. On the shore of the river east of Point Edward, Ont., 1889. (Dearness.) Quite common at Spence's Bridge andKamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 470. TEUCRIUM. (2203.) T. occidentale, Gray; Macoun, Cat., III., 574. Low ground, London, Ont. 1880. (Burgess.) Amongst gravel along the Thompson Eiver at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (3169.) T. BOTBYS, Linn.; Hook., Stud. Fl. 331. Introduced. Eoadside near London, Ont. 1888. (Dearness.) (1750.) T. Canadense, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 380. Sandy woodlands at Point Pelee, Essex Co., Ont. 1886. (Burgess.) The localities mentioned under this No. in Part II., 380, belong partly to T. Canadense and partly to T. occidentale. In the absence of speci- mens, we cannot tell which is meant. 788. ELSHOLTZIA, Willd. (3170.) E. CRISTATA, Willd. This is a curious exotic labiate, a native of Europe, and belonging near our genus Collinsonia. Found growing in a clearing near a mill at Notre Dame du Lac, on the shore of Lake Temiscouata, Q. 1887. There was no doubt but that it was introduced. (John L. Northrop.) 476. PYCNANTHEMUM. (2205.) P. muticum, Pers., var. pilosum, Gray; Macoun, Cat, III., 574. Very common in old fields, woodlands and along roadsides near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. 188G. (Burgess.) 350 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 475. HYSSOPUS. (1762.) H. OFFICINALIS, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., II., 382. A white variety is quite common on the roadsides near the St. Lawrence and Ottawa railway station in Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl Ott.) The purple variety by roadsides in London, Ont. (Dearness.) 482. MELISSA. (1771.) M. OPPICINALIS, Linn.; Macoun, Cat., IT., 384. Growing in clumps by roadsides in Clinton, Huron Co., Ont. (Nearness) 489. SCUTELLARIA. (1788.) S. angustifolia, Pursh; Macoun, Cat., II., 388. Moist ground near Victoria, Vancouver Island. 1885. (Fletcher.) 789. BALLOTA, Linn. (FETID HOREHOUND.) (3171.) B. NIGRA, Linn. Black Horehound. Introduced. Growing on roadsides with Nepeta Cat aria at London, Ont. (Dearness.) 494. LAMIUM. (3172.) L. MACULATUM, Linn. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 421. Escaped from gardens at London, Ont. (Dearness.) Both the white and the purple flowered varieties were found growing wild in the streets of Stratford, Ont. 1886. (Burgess.) (1795). L. AMPLEXICAULE, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 390. Common in gardens in Toronto and London, Ont. (Dearness.') (1796.) L. PURPUREUM, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 390. Kscaped from gardens, London and Wallaceburg, Ont. (Dearness.) 497. PLANTACO. (1807.) P. macrocarpa, Cham. & Schl. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 392. On the portage between Alberni and Qualicum, Vancouver Fslancl, 1887. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 351 504. ACNIDA (1829.) A. tuberculata, Moq., var. subnuda, Watson; Macoun, Cat. III., 397. It is probable that part of the localities referred to the species in Part III. belong to this variety, which is very common on the north side of the bridge over Brigham's Creek, leading to Hull Cemetery, near Ottawa. {Macoun.) 790. KOCHIA, Roth. (3173.) K. SCOPARIA, Schrad. ; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 431. In waste lots on Sparks street, west of Bank street, Ottawa, 1882. (Fletcher, Fl., Ott.) 506. CHENOPODIUM. (3174.) C. Fremont!, Watson, Bot. King's Exp., 287. Among sand hills at the source of the Qu'Appelle River, Assiniboia, 1879; also on the Indian Reservation, at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) Near Regina, Assiuiboia. (Fletcher.) (1838.) C. BONUS-HENRICUS, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 400. By roadsides at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun.) Streets of Clinton, Huron Co., Ont. 1889. (Dearness.) (1840.) C. rubrum, Linn., var. humile, Moquin; Macoun, Cat. III., 400. On dried up brackish mud, frequent around Kamloops, B.C. 1 889. (Macoun.) (3175.) C. MURALE, Linn.; Gray, Man,, ed. VL, 432. Introduced in ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. 188*7. (Macoun.) 507. ATRIPLEX (1841.) A. patulum, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 401. On ballast heaps at Nanaimo, and on sea beaches at Qualicum, Van- couver Island, 1887 ; sands, Burrard Inlet, B.C. 1889, (Macoun.) 352 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. hastatum, Gray; Macoun, Cat. III., 401. Brackish mud atKamloops, B.C., 1889 ; common along the Vancouver Island coast at Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni. 1887. (Macoun.') Var. littorale, Gray; Macoun, Cat. III., 401. On sand at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888; Burrard Inlet, at Vancouver City, B.C., 1889 ; sea beach at Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 509. CORISPERMUM. (1851.) C. hyssopifolium, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 403. Quite common at the north end of Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 791. AXYRIS, Linn. (3176.) A. AMARANTHOIDES, Linn. Roadside, ten miles west of Winnipeg, Man., 1886. (Fletcher.) Introduced. 518. POLYCONUM. (1871.) P. minimum, Watson; Macoun, Cat., III., 408. Quite common on gravel and sand at the outlet of Griffin Lake, B.C., and in the bed of the mountain torrent flowing into the lake at the same place. 1889. (Macoun.) (1875.) P. coarctatum, Dougl.; Macoun, Cat., III., 408. Not uncommon at Goldstream, Cowichan, Nanaimo and Qualicum, Vancouver Island ; abundant in the Eraser valley at Yale, Lytton and on the Thompson at Spence's Bridge and Kamloops, B.C., in dry gravel and sand. 1889. (Macoun.) (3177.) P. Douglasii, Greene. On slopes of dry hills at Sicamous, B.C., July 3rd, 1889. (Macoun.) (3178.) P. intermedium, Nutt. In crevices of rocks on the summit of Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, altitude 3300 feet. 1887. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 353 (1878.) P. lapathifolium, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. YL, 440. P. nodosum, Pers. & P. incarnatum, Macoun, Cat. III., 409, in part. Spikes oblong to linear (J-2 in. long), dense, erect, or nearly so. Our herbarium specimens are from Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; Norton, N.B. ; Lake Nepigon, Ont. ; Qu'Appelle, and Devil's Lake, Assiniboia ; Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains ; Indian Reservation, Kamloops, B.C. ; and Cowichan Eiver, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.} Var. incarnatum, Watson, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 440. P. incarnatum, Macoun, Cat., III., 409. Spikes more slender and elongated (2-4 in. long), nodding. Our herbarium specimens are from Hull near Ottawa; Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. ; Kew Gardens, Toronto ; Saskatchewan River ; and Port Moody, B.C. (Macoun.) Var. incanum, Koch.; Macoun, Cat, III., 410. Leaves small, obtusish, more or less hoary beneath, with floccose tomentum; spikes short. Our specimens are from Seymour, Nor- thumberland Co., Ont. ; Gull Island, Lake Nepigon ; Muskeg Island, Lake Winnipeg ; Medicine Hat, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) (1880.) P. Muhlenbergii, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 441. P. Muhltnbergii, Macoun, Cat., III., 410, in part. Decumbent or sub-erect, scabrous with short appressed hairs. Wet places, London, Ont. (Burgess.) On the Indian Reservation, Kam- loops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) The latter specimens are without flowers and much more hairy than those from London. (3179.) P. emersum, Muhl. ? Differs from P. Muhlenbergii, in having the leaves much rougher with appressed hairs ; lower sheaths and petioles quite smooth and the upper part of the stem and flower spike covered with glandular hairs. Under side of petiole and midrib of leaf quite hairy. Our speci- mens are from Short Creek and Moose Jaw and Thunder creeks ; also Tail Creek and Belly River. This is the common Polygonum along all the streams throughout the prairie region. 354 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 519. FACOPYRUM. (1900.) F. TARTARICUM, Gaertn. (India-Wheat.) Polygonum Tartaricum, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., III., 414. An occasional escape from cultivation on waste heaps around cities. 521. RUMEX. (1905.) R.PATIENTIA, Linn.; Macoun, Cat., III., 415. Not uncommon along Carling's Creek, London, Ont. 1889. (Dearness.) (1906.) R. Brittanica, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 438. R. orbienlatus, Gray ; Macoun, Cat, III., 415. Distinguished from R. occidentalis, by the valves being grain-bearing, whereas in that species they are naked. 532. EUPHORBIA. (1943.) E. Preslii, Guss. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 453. E. hypericifolia, Macoun, Cat, III., 427. We have no Canadian specimens of this species in our herbarium. (3180.) E. BSULA, Linn. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 456. Introduced along the banks of Bayfield Eiver, Huron Co,, Ont. 1889. (Dearness.) 792. MACLURA, Nutt. (OSAGE ORANGE.) (3181.) M. AURANTIACA, Nutt. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 464. Cultivated for hedges in south-western Ontario. Becoming wild in Essex County. (Macoun.) 54O. URTICA. (1956.) U. Lyallif, Watson; Macoun, Cat., III., 430. Abundant in the valley of the Fraser from Agassiz to the coast ; also at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 355 (195*7.) U. holosericea, Nutt.; Macoun, Cat, III., 431. The specimens referred here in Part III., 431, belong to U. Lyallii. Guichon Creek, Nicola Valley, B.C. (Dawson.) In wet places at Vernon at the head of Lake Okanagan, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 548. MYRICA. (1970.) M. Gale, Linn.; Macoun, Cat., III., 434. This species is common along lake margins in northern British Columbia ; along Burnaby Lake, near New Westminster, and very common on Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 550. ALNUS. (1983.) A. rubia, Bongard ; Macoun, Cat., Ill, 437. Frances Lake, Lat. 61°, N.W.T. 1887. (Dawson.) Along the Thompson River at Spence's Bridge, B.C. ; shore of Home Lake, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 553. CORYLUS. (1989.) C. rostrata, Ait,, var. Californica, A.DC., Bot. Calif., II., 101. Very common at Sicamous and Salmon Arm, Shuswap Lake ; and Agassiz, B.C.; common on Vancouver Island at Goldstream. 1887. (Macoun.) 554. QUERCU8. (1992.) Q. Garryana, Douglas ; Macoun, Cat. III., 440. Since the publication of Part III., the question has been raised whether R. Brown's Q. Jacobi is a good species or not. In August, 1887, I collected fine specimens of the oak on Sir James Douglas's lawn in Victoria, Vancouver Island, upon which Mr. Brown founded his species. Part of these specimens were submitted to Professor Sargent? and by him referred to Q. Garryana. I had collected specimens of the oak on other parts of the island, and could see no difference between them, so I fully agreed with Prof. Sargent that Mr. Brown's species could not stand. In March last (1890), Rev. B. L. Greene, Berkeley, Cal., asked me to send him specimens of the Vancouver Island Oak. I did so; and he 356 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. writes that all the specimens sent are Quercus Jacobi, R Brown, and quite distinct from the Oregon Q. Garryana. It is therefore probable that the Vancouver Island Oak will become Q. Jacobi, instead of Q. Garryana. (1993.) Q. stellata, Wang.; Gray, Man., ed. YL, 475. Q. obtwsiloba, Michx. ; Macoun, Cat, III., 440. We are still doubtful of the occurrence of this tree within our limits. (1999.) Q. coccinea, Wang., var. ambigua, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 478. Q . ambigua, Michx. ; Pursh Fl. II., 630- Q. rubra, Macoun, Cat, III., 442, in part. In the new edition of Gray's Manual this variety is said to extend along the north-eastern borders of Lake Champlain and northward. This being the case, the Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and most of the Quebec Q. rubra becomes this variety. Collectors in these provinces should collect a good series of fruiting specimens to determine this. 555. CASTANEA. (2002.) C. sativa, Mill., var. Americana, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 479. Eeferences under C. vulgaris, var. Americana, Macoun, Cat, III., 443, belong here. 557. SALIX. , (2007.) S. Brownii, Bebb. ; Bot. Gaz,, XIV., 444. S. arctica, R. Brown, Bot. Ross. Voy., ed. II., 194; Hook., Fl. II., 152; Macoun, Cat. III., 444, in part. " Omit synonym S. cordifolia, Hook. The localities given in Part III. are all correct, excepting ' Kotzebue Sound and Ounalashka (Rothr., Alaska.),' which almost certainly belong to S. arctica, Pallas (not E. Br.)." (Bebb.) South Twin Island, James Bay, 1887 ; shore of Hudson Bay, Lat. 55°-56°, 1886. (J. M. Mac&an.') Mountains between Peel River and La Pierre's House, Arctic Circle, 1888. (McCmnell.) (2008.) S. argyocarpa, Anders.; Macoun, Cat. III., 445. "Richardson's locality, {Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie/ were better omitted. There is no trace of this species among his collections that I have seen, and no evidence, at least in American herberia, that CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. '35*7 it grows anywhere in the North-West. 'Nepigon Kiver, Lake Superior,' I would omit also ; the specimens upon which it was given being of very doubtful determination." (Bebb.) (2009.) S. Barrattlana, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 445. " Omit ' Old Man River and South Kootanie Pass,' and add : ' in all thickets at high elevations, Kicking Horse Lake. (Macouri) ' ; a redis- covery after the lapse of fifty years of a most remarkable species." (Bebb., Bot. Gaz., XIV., 51.) (2011.) For S. Barcleyi, Anders., Macoun, Cat. III., 445, read S. Barclay!, Anders. (2019 & 2038.) S. phyllicoides, Anders., Sal. Bor.-Amer., 18; Bebb. Bot. Gaz., XIII., 186 ; Macoun, Cat. III., 453. S. fulcrata, var. sub-glauca, Anders. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 448. Arctic North America, (Seeman, Richardson.) Point Barrow. (Murdoch, Oldmixon.) Kuskokosin Valley, Alaska. (Weinmann.) Shumagin Islands. (Harrington.) Nushagak. (McKay.) The localities are all furnished by Mr. Bebb. (2020.) S. flavescens, Nutt., var. tenuijulis, Anders. Very common in many places on Vancouver Island in wet places by lakes and rivers and murshes. Collected at Victoria, Cedar Hill, Gordon Head, Goldstream, Nanaimo, Cameron Lake, Alberni, and , Salt Spring Island. 1 887. (Macoun.) Var. Scouleriana, Bebb; Macoun, Cat. III., 448. Stikine Kiver, B.C., above the canyon, 1887. (Dawson.) Lost Lake, Cedar Hill and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island, 188*7; also at Lytton, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2022.) S. herbacea, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 449. " This species is not known to occur on the west side of the continent, and I would not hesitate to strike out ' Northwest Coast (Nelson).' " (Bebb.) Our Eocky Mountain specimens are all S. arctica, VM. pet fata, and are therefore struck out. (Macoun.) (2023.) S. Hookeriana, Barratt ; Macoun, Cat. III., 449. " Strike out the Saskatchewan habitat. We have uow the explicit 358 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. statement in Dr. Barratt's own handwriting that the type specimens were collected on the Northwest Coast by Dr. Scouler !" (Bebb.) Very abundant on Vancouver Island, from Victoria to Nanaimo, 1887; common around Burrard Inlet, and in the Fraser Valley, as far as Agassiz, B.C., 1887. (Macoun.) In the Fraser Valley specimens, Mr. Bebb found the capsules tomentose becoming smooth at the base. (2024.) 8. humilis, Marshall; Macoun, Cat., III., 441). " Omit the Kocky Mountains locality. It it clear outside the known range of the species given on leaves only and doubtless a mistake." (Bebb.) (2025.) 8. arbusculoides, Anders., Monog. Sal, 147. S. humillima, Anders.; Macoun, Cat., III., 449. S. acutifolia, Hook. Fl. II., 150. Prince Albert Sound. (Mieschring.) Rae River. (Dr. Rde.) Sas- katchewan to Fort Franklin on the Mackenzie .River. (Hook. Fl.} Marshes near the Rocky Mountains. (Drummond.) (2026.) 8. lasiandra, Benth., var. typica, Bebb.; Macoun, Cat., III., 449. Abundant in thickets at Cedar Hill and Langford Lake, near C4old- stream, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) Var. lancifolia, Bebb.; Macoun, Cat., 111., 450. Quite common in the neighbourhood of Victoria, Vancouver Island. Many of the trees are of large size ; abundant at Agassiz and New West- minster, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) Shore of Burrard Inlet at Vancouver City. (Prof. Fowler.) Var. Fendleriana, Bebb. Shore of Shuswap Lake, B.C., near Scotch Creek, June, 1889. (Macoun.) (2031.) 8. myrtlllifolia, Anders., Sal. Bor.-Amer., 28. S. Novse-Anglix, Anders., Sal. Monog., 160, & DC. Prod., 16 2, 253, mainly. S. myrsinites, Hook. Fl. II., 151, mainly. This may be considered to include all the forms included in No. 2031, Part HI., 452, Throughout the region of the Canadian Lakes CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 359 from north of the Lake of the Woods (R. Bell) to Great Bear Lake. (Richardson.) " Common on the Portage of the Grand Kapid of the Saskatchewan, near Lake Winnipeg." {Douglas.') Pic Kiver, Lake Superior; and in swampy spots from Edmonton to the Athabasca Biver, at Fort Assiniboine. {Macoun.) Clearwater Biver, Lat. 57°, N.W.T., 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) Along streams in the foot-hills of the Bocky Mountains. (Drummond.) (2034.) S. arctica, Pallas, Fl. Boss 22, 86; Bebb, Bot. Gaz., XIV., 115. S. PaUasii, Anders., DC. Prod. 16 ', 285. S. crassijulis, Trev., ex Traut. Sal. frigid, 308. S diplodiclya, Traut., Sal. frigid, 307. This species includes No. 2034 and its varieties, Part III., 452. Alaska and adjacent islands on the tops of h igh hills ; Nulaska. (Kellogg, Harrington, Escholtz) Shumagin Islands. (Harrington.) Nushagak. (McKay.) Semidi Islands. (Dall) Doubtless this species will be found on Queen Charlotte Islands. (2036.) S. phlebophylla, Anders. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 452. "A species of high Arctic distribution in western rather than in eastern British America. The station, 'Eastern summit of North Kootanie Pass, Bocky Mountains/ should be omitted ; even Bothrock's localities, south of Behring's Strait, are very doubtful. Much confusion has arisen from Anderson's having at first distributed one of Dr. Lyall's Cascade Mountain Willows as S. phlebophylla, the same plant that afterwards served as the type of his S. tenera, N. Sp., in reality only a form (by no means rare) of S. jBrownii." (Bebb.) (2043.) S. Richardsoni, Hooker.; Macoun, Cat. III., 454. Bepulse Bay. (Parry) Crevices in rocks, Nachvak, coast of Labrador. (R. Bell.) Var. Macouniana, Bebb, Bot. Gaz., XIV., 50, PI. 9. Leaves orbicular, the earliest obovate, quite entire, less than one inch long and broad, covered when young with floccose hairs, especially on the upper surface, soon smooth, dark green and somewhat shining above, paler and reticulate-veined beneath ; aments small for the group, whitish-silky with just a shade of fulvous in the male, scales obtuse, stigmas entire, otherwise as in the type. (Bebb) A small compact bush, 2 to 4 feet high, with just the habit of a garden currant, growing 360 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. in peaty soil by a small pond in company with S. Brownii.. South Twin Island, James Bay, July 17th, 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) (2046.) S. speciosa, Hook. £ Am. ; Macoun, Cat. TIL, 454. Upper Liard Kiver, N.W.T., Lat. 60°. (Dawson.) Fifty miles below Good Hope, Mackenzie Kiver, 1888. (McConnetl.) " Forks of Dean Kiver, 8 to 12 feet high." (Dr. Richardson.} (3182.) S. macrocarpa, Nutt. Very common in wet thickets in the district around Victoria, Van- couver Island, 1887. (Mdcoun.} (3183.) S. monticola, Bebb; Coutler, Man. Kock. Mount. PI. 336. " Leaves oblong-lanceolate, the earliest obovate, acute 3 to 6 inches long, 1 to 1 J inches wide, glabrous, rigid and glaucous beneath, or thin and pale beneath, unevenly crenate or serrulate ; stipules large, semi- cordate, acute ; buds large, ovate and beaked at the tip ; aments thick, densely flowered, sessile ; males closely so ; females with a few broad bracts at base, when in flower about an inch long, lengthening in fruit to 1 J to 2 inches ; scales oval, obtuse, clothed with long yellowish-white silky hairs ; capsules ovate-conical, glabrous, sessile or nearly so ; style elongated ; stigmas erect, bifid or entire. A densely cespitose shrub, 8 to 12 feet high, stem 1 to 2 inches in diameter." Old Man River, Rocky Mountains, Aug. 14, 1883. (Dawson.} These specimens were referred to S. Barrattiana in Part III., 445. A few fragments of what has been considered this species were collected on the Rocky Mountains at Kicking Horse Lake, July, 1885. (Macoun.} (3184.) S. commutata, Bebb., Bot. Gaz., XIII., 110. " A diffuse alpine shrub of variable stature, commonly 3 to 4 feet in height, in sheltered localities 8 to 10 feet, often much dwarfed by altitude and exposure ; leaves broadly oblanceolate or oblong, abruptly pointed, cuspidate, tapering toward the roundish base, at first covered more or less with a dense silky tomentum, downy even when fully grown ; older and lower leaves becoming smooth, green both sides (not glaucous beneath), margin entire or (under a lens) minutely glandular- eerrulate ; leaves of sterile shoots ample, 3 to 4 inches long, varying to cordate-ovate, thinnish in texture ; stipules large, ovate, glandular- serrate ; aments on stout leafy peduncles, with 4 to 7 ovate or oblance- olate leaves, erect, densely flowered, an inch long ; fertile in fruit 2 inches, compact cylindrical ; scale thin, pale or brownish, obtuse, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 361 woolly; capsule ovate-conical, glabrous, greenish or rufescent; pedicel pubescent, 2 to :> times the length of the nectary; style medium, stigmas small, erect, entire." Boggy places on the summit of Mount Queest, Gold Kange, B.C. Alt. 6500, July 25, 1880. (,/. M. Macoun.} (3185.) S. conjuncta, Bcbb, Bot. Gaz., XIII., 111. " Leaves of the flowering branches elliptic orobovate, sub-acute, 1 to 1 J in. long ; leaves of the sterile branches ample, 2 to 4 in. long, 1 to 2 in. wide, ovate-lanceolate, cuspidate-acuminate, attenuate or rounded at base ; stipules large, ovate, acute; all glabrous or at first thinly over- spread on the upper surface with evanescent floccose hairs, at length rigid, scarcely paler or rarely sub-glaucous beneath, young drying black, margins finely and evenly crenate-serrulate ; aments borne on stout leafy peduncles, large, thick, 1 to 2 in. long; fertile, becoming rather loose and flexuous in fruit (lengthening sometimes to 3 in. ) ; scale acutish, dark, villose with crisp hairs, sometimes densely or again thinly hairy or quite naked at the tip ; capsule glabrous, rostrate from an ovate base ; pedicel three times the length of the nectary ; style medium or elongated, about equalling the pedicel, stigmas short, entire or bifid." Summit of South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains ; and Cassiar Trail, 20 miles north-west of Dease Lake, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Mountains around Kicking Horse Lake and the summit of the Selkirks; also on the summit of the Gold Range north of Griffin Lake, B.C. Alt. 6500 feet. (Macoun.) Summit of Mount Queest, Gold Range, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.} Kodiak. (Kellogg.') The articles published by Mr. M. S. Bebb in the Botanical Gazette, on the North American Willows, should be consulted in connection with this genus. 563. JUNIPERUS. (2068.) J. communis, Linn., var. alpina, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. Ill, 462. On mountains at Spencc's Bridge, B.C. ; summits of mounts Benson, Mark and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 564. TAXUS. (2070.) T. brevifolia, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat, III., 463. Assuming the form of a small tree, between Sproat's Landing and Nelson, and on Kootanie Lake, B,C, (Dawson.) 24 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 565. PINUS. (2075.) P. albicaulis, Engolm. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 465. (Generally abundant in southern interior of British Columbia, be- tween heights of 5000-6000 feet ; Toad Mountain and vicinity to 7000 feet. (Dawson.} (2077.) P. ponderosa, Dougl., var. scopulorum, Engelm. ; Macoun, Cat, III., 466. From near the head of Lower Arrow Lake, southward, and all along Kootanie Lake, B.C. (Daivson.) 566. PICEA. (2082.) P. nigra, Link. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 468. Since the publication of Part III., we have made extensive collections in Prince Edward Island, and having observed the so-called species, P. nigra and P. rubra, growing together, we are satisfied that they are distinct enough to be separated as a species and variety. In Gray, Man., ed. VI., 492, P. rubra is admitted as a variety, and we now write it as : — Var. rubra, Engel.; Gardn. Chron. (KS.), XL, 1879. Differs from the species in having darker and larger leaves; larger, bright red-brown cones, which are more readily deciduous after maturity. (Engelm.) It is more than probable that in the far North- west we have a species or variety that is also distinct from the typical eastern P. nigra. This form has large ovoid cones, which arc deep purple, and without the brownish tint of those from the east. 567. TSUCA. (2088.) T. Pattoniana, Engelm; Macoun, Cat. III., 472. On the higher slopes of the mountains at the Glacier Hotel, Selkirk Summit; also on the summit of Mount Benson (alt. 3000 feet), Mount Mark (alt. 3300 feet), and Mount Arrowsmith (alt. 5500 feet), Van- couver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) In valleys of the Coast Range at head of Chilkoot Inlot (Lat. 59° 30'), and on the Chilkoot Pass to CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 363 over 3000 feet altitude. (Dawson.) It is very probable that this species is found on all summits on Vancouver Island, over 2500 feet high. 769. ABIES. (2093.) A. amabilis, Forbes; Macoun, Cat. III., 4*75. Abundant, in company with T. Pattoniana, on the summits of mounts .Mark, Benson and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, 1887 ; .not observed on the mountains of the mainland in 1889. (Macoun.) 570. LARIX. (2094.) L. Americana, Michx. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 475. Extends west of the Rocky Mountains in the Liard Valley to Lat. 61° 55", Long. 130°. (Dawson.) (2095.) L. occidentalis, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 475. On the mountain side, east of Sicamous, about 500 feet above the lake. 1889. (Macoun.) From about half-way down the Upper Arrow Lake, southward along the Columbia Valley, B.C. ; on Koo- tanie Lake, to the north end, and farther. (Dawson.) 591. CORALLORHIZA. (2217.) C. odontorhiza, Nutt.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 5. Rather common in moist woods at Plover Mills, Middlesex Co., Ont. (A\ Elliott.} 600. HABENARIA. (2249.) H. elegans, Bolander; Macoun, Cat. IV., 17. On the mountain side at Sicamous, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2258.) H. psycodes, Gray; Macoun, Cat. IV., 19. A form with deeply laciniate lip, and the flowers more erect and in a narrower spike than usual (in this respect approaching H. lacera), was found in a wet meadow at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island, July 19th, 1883. These plants, which had purple flowers, are, I fancy, hybrids between R. psycodes and //. laccra, both of which were abundant in the 364 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. siime meadow. Prof. Eaton, to whom specimens were referred, was much struck with their peculiar appearance. (Burgess.) 601. CYPRIPEDIUM. (2261.) C. parviflorum, Salisb. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 20. North Thompson Eiver, 25 miles north of Kamloops, B.C. Alt. 3000 feet. 1889. (J. McEvoy.) (2265.) C. montanum, Dougl. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 22. Abundant in grass at the station yard at Agassiz ; and on the hill- sides at Sicamous, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 603. IRIS. (2272.) I. prismatica, Pursh ; Gray, Man., ed. YL, 514. /. Virginica, Macoun, Cat. IV., 24. Collected at New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. C. Waghorne.) 604. SISYRINCHIUM. (2276.) S. angustifolium, Mill.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 515. References under S, mucronatum, Michx., Part IV., 25, belong here. 793. MUSCARI, Tour. (GRAPE-HYACINTH.) (3186.) M. BOTRYOIDES, Mill. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 523. Grand Trunk Kailway track, between Hamilton and Dundas, May, 1888. (Mr. Galbraith.) Burlington, near Hamilton, Ont. (Burgess.) Evidently escaped from gardens. 611. SMILICINA. (221)1.) S. racemosa, Desf.; Macoun, Cat. IV, 31. The specimens gathered on Vancouver Island in 1887, and referred doubtfully to S. amplexicaulis, belong here. Port Haney and other places in the Fntser Valley, B.C., 1889, S. amplexicaulis not seen. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 365 (2290.) S.sessilifolia, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 31. Specimens collected in 1889, at Agassiz and Spence's Bridge, B.C., have the flexiious stem and distichous leaves of this species. They are quite distinct from S. stellata, of the Rocky Mountains and eastward. (Macoun.) 619. ERYTHRONIUM. (2323.) E. grand iflorum, vur. (?) albiflorum, Hook.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 41. Common in rich woods along the Hastings and New Westminster Road at Burnaby Lake, B.C., 1889. (/. M. Macoun.} Var. giganteum, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 42. Very abundant at Sicamous, and in fine flower April 3rd, 1889; common on mountain slopes around Shuswap Lake, and on mountains in the Gold Range at Griffin Lake, B.C., 1889. Flowers very large and bright yellow. Quite distinct from the Coast and Vancouver Island form. (Macoun.) 623. XEROPHYLLUM. (2328.) X. tenax, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 43. On Toad Mountain, GOOO feet, West Kootanie, B.C., 1889. (Dawson.) 794. OAKESIA, Watson. (2335.) O. sessilifolia, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 528. Uvularia sessilifolia, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 45. Dr. Watson in the new manual makes the above new genus to in- clude this and another species. 637. JUNCUS. (2358.) J. effusus, Linn., vav. brunneus, Engelm. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 55. Abundant, growing in tufts at Hastings and Port Moody, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2359.) J. filiformiS, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat, IV., 55. Growing in profusion at Karnloops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 300 flEOLOnTCAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2363.) J. Orummondii, E. Meyer; Macoun, Cat. TV., 57. Plateau east of Adam's Lake, B.C. Alt. 6000 feet. 1888. (Dawson.) Abundant on Mount Queest and other summits of the Gold Bange, B.C., 1889. (J. M. Macoun.} (2373.) J. Gerardi, Lois.; Macoun, Cat. TV., 60. In salt marshes along both sides of Burrard Inlet, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2375.) J. falcatus, E. Meyer, var. paniculatus, Engelm, Trans. Acad. St. Louis. Abundant in grassy places, shore of Shawnagin Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (2376.) J. longistylis, Torrey; Macoun, Cat. TV., (10. In a marsh at Penticten, at the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (3187.) J. oxymeris, Engelm., Trans. Acad. St. Louis. This is what was referred to J. xiphioides, var. littoralis, in Part IV., 65. Mr. F. V. Coville, of the Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, DC., informs me that my specimens distributed as above are really this species. (3188.) J. Bolanderi, Engelm., Trans. Acad., St. Louis. /. xiphioides, var. macranthus, Macoun, Cat., IV., 65, in part. Some of the specimens distributed as var. macranthus are of this species while others are quite correct. Those collected at Lost Lake near Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island, have the knotted almost terete leaves that distinguish the species from every form of J. xiphioides. 638. LUZULA. (2389.) L. spadicea, DC. ; Macoun, Cat., IV., 65. On the summit of Mount Queest, and on the mountains north pf Griffin Lake in the Gold Eange, B.C. Alt. 6000 to 7000 feet. 1889. (Macoun.) This is the first record we have of the type in Canada. It is quite distinct frpm var. parviflora, the flowers being twice as large. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 367 (2391.) L. vernalis, DC. ; dray, Man., ed. VI., 54fi. L. pilosa, Willd. ; Macoun, Cat., IV., 67. Changed in Gray's new Manual. A very appropriate name. 640. SPARCANIUM. (2401.) S. Simplex, Huds. ; Macoun, Cat, IV., 70. In marshes in many parts of Prince Edward Island, 1888 ; abun- dant at Agassiz, in the Eraser valley, and at Craigellachie in the Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) Var. Nuttallii, Engelm. In marshes at Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island. 1 888. (Macoun.) Mr. Beeby doubtfully refers this specimen here. Var. acaule, Beeby, MS. " Stem three inches from crown of root to apex of male spike, female heads 2-3, closely agglomerated, partly hidden by the leaf bases. Leaves erect, rigid, a foot high. (Three times longer than the flower stem.)" (Beeby.) Quite common in ponds and wet spots by the road- side in many parts of Prince Edward Island, especially at Lake Verde, Brackley Point and Winter River. 1888. (Macoun.) I believe this to be a good variety as there was no local reason for the peculiar growth. Var. longissimum, Fries. Abundant in still water, Spallumsheen River at Enderby, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in Griffin Lake in the Gold Range, B.C. (Macoun.) I believe that much of our S. affine belongs here, especially those forms with floating atoms and leaves. (2402.) S. affine, Schnitzlein; Macoun, Cat., IV., 70. In pools on the mountains at the head of Nicoamen River, B.C. Alt. 6000 feet. 1889. (Dawson.) In a pool on Mount Arrowsmith. Van- couver Island. Alt. 5000 feet. 1887. (Macoun.) This is an alpine form of the species. (Beeby.) (2404.) S. minimum, Pries.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 70. In bogs, Methy River, Lat. 56°, N.W.T. 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in ponds at Craigellachie, Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 368 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 641. ARIS/EMA. (2400.) A. Dracontium, Schott. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 72. On a flat in Delaware Township near London, Ont. 1889. (Mr. H. D. Johnson.) On an island in the Sydenham Eiver, near Strathroy, Ont. (Dearness.) 642. PELTANDRA. (2407.) P. undulata, Eaf. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 72. P. Virginica, Macoun, Cat IV., 72. Very local in its distribution. Should be looked for in western Ontario. 647 LEMNA. A species of this genus resembling tipirodela polyrrJiiza in color, but having the -general appearance of L. minor, and with more than one root was common in ponds at Agassiz, B.C., May 20th, 1889. For the present this form must remain without a name or number. 795. SPIRODELA, Schleiden. (2414.) S. polyrrhiza, Schleid. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 552. Lemna polyrrldza, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV, 75. In still water at Sicamous, Agassiz, and Port Haney, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 648. WOLFFIA. (2415.) W. Columbiana, Karsten; Macoun, Cat. IV., 7fi. In a bay of Lake Ontario, west of Niagara Town, in company with W. Brasiliensis, Weddell. 1889. (Dearness.) 650. SACITTARIA. (241 S.) S. variabilis, Kngelm. ; .Mar-oun, Oat. IV., 77. Abundant in the South Thompson 'River at KamloopH, B C. 1888. (Dflwson.) In marsh}' spots subject to tide action along the lower CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 369 Fraser opposite Lulu Island ; also on the Indian Eeservation at Kam- loops and eastward up the South Thompson, and the whole length of Shuswap Lake, and up the Spallumsheen River to, and beyond Bnderby, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 656. POTAMOCETON. (2480.) P. Pennsylvanicus, Cham. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 559. P. Claytonii, Tuckerman ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 82. In the Kaministiquia Eiver near Fort William, Lake Superior. 1889. (Dr. Britton.) Riviere des Aulnais, Q. (St. Cyr.) (2434.) P. alpinus, Balbis (1804); Bennett, Letter, March 3, 1890. P. rufescen*, Schrad. (1815) ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 83. " The specimens from < Ounalashka,' (Herb., Berlin) were named P. microstachys, Wolfgang in Roem. & Schultze, Veg. Sys., Mant. 3, p. 360 (1827) ; but the specimens are only a var. (?) or form of P. rufescens, Schrad. This name, P. rufescens, will .probably have to give way. There are three, certainly, if not more, prior names; but it is not settled yet which is the earliest. I have a Greenland specimen of P. rufescens." (Bennett, 1888.) Anstey's Greek, Shuswap Lake ; and Bonaparte River, B.C. (/. M. Macoun,.) Griffin Lake, Gold Range, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2435.) P. fluitans, Roth. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 560. P. lonchites, Tuck. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 83. Mr. Morong considers this P. lonchites or var. Americanus of that species ; but Mr. Bennett, of Croydon, thinks it is P. pumilus, Wolfgang. This would date from 1827. Roem. et Schultze, Sys. Veg. Mant. 3. A plant provisionally referred here is spoken of by Mr. Bennett, as below : — "Your plant (No. 21) is like a specimen from Silesia, in Prussia, named ' P. natans var. prolixus, Koch, = P. serotinus, Shrad., but your plant has the leaves narrower, and larger, and the stipules shorter, and must be studied and described later. A further ex- amination of your specimens shows them to be much like a plant in Wallich's herb, from India, named ' P. didymus, Wall., Napalia, 1821 ;' but there is tio fruit on his specimen. This, anyhow, seems to fall under P. fluitans as an aggregate species. After a good deal of com- paring with all the natans group, lean come to no other remit than 370 flEOTiOGlCAT, SURVEY OF CANADA. that this (No. 21) is a form of P. lonchites, Tuckerman. The only actual difference is the shining lower leaves, but this and its peculiar yellow-brown colour may be produced by some local influence ? But the stipules of your plant at once remove it from any form of P. lucens (P. longifolius, Gaudichaudi, &c.) Is the difference enough to call it a form ?" (Bennett, Letter, March 3rd, 1890.) (2437.) P. heterophyllus, Schreb.; Gray, Man. VI., 501. P. gramineus and var. heterophyllus, Macoun, Cat. IV., 84. Both Mr. Bennett and Mr. Morong combine these, and prefer Schreber's name, as it is specific and well understood. (2439.) P. Zizii, Roth, (not Mertens & Koch.) Mr. Bennett writes that Mertens & Koch published this as a variety, not as a species. Roth was the first to do this. It is not improbable that it has a prior name: P. angustifolia, Preal. Rather common in Griffin Lake, Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) Var. Methyensis, Bennett, MS. Methy Lake, near Methy Portage, Lat. 57°, 1888. (J. M. Macoun.} (2441.) P. perfoliatus, Linn., var. Richardson! i, Bennett, MS. P. perfoliatus, Linn., var. lanceolatus, Bobbins; Macoun, Cat. IV., 85. 11 Dr. Robbins published this name in Gray, Man., ed. V., 488 ; but it is pre-occupied by Blytt in Norgcs Flora, 1861, for a Norwegian var., which is not the same as Robbins' plant ! [Le Grand, a French author, has since (1887) published a var. lanceolatus, a French form of P. per- foliatus.] I prefer the name var. Richardsonii for the American P. lanceolatus, after Dr. Richardson, who seems to have been the first to collect it. (Glasgow Herb.) British- American l Franklin Expedition '." (Bennett.) Methy Lake and River, Lat. 57°, 1888; Anstey's Creek, Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (J M. Macoun.) In a pond on the Reservation at Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2443.) P. obtusifolius, Mertens & Koch ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 86. Methy River, Lat. 57°, 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 271 (2415.) P. pusillus, Linn., var. elongatirs, Bennett, MS , 1890. "A form of P. pusillus, that so far as I know has received no name. In my herbarium I have marked it ' P. pusillus, var. elongata, mihi.' I have specimens from Hungary that are very near these from B.C. It has some of the faces of P. rutilus, Wolf. ; but that has much sharper leaves, with long stipules and rigid stems. There is no fruit, but the sepals (perianth segments) are large and long-hafted. I find, on referring to. my notes, that exactly similar specimens to yours are in the British Mus. Herb., named ' P. rutilus, Wolf.' It certainly does bear a resemblance to a specimen I have named P. ccespitosus, Notte ! (leg. JSTotte 7; = P. rutilus, Wolf. !) but the likeness is only super- ficial." (Bennett, Letter, March 3rd, 1890.) Spallumsheen River, at and above Enderby, B.C., July 10th, 1889. (J. M .Macoun.) (2446.) P. mucronatus, Schrad. ; Macoun, Cat, IV., 88. " I name this now P. Friesii, Ruprecht in Bert. d. Buss. Reiches, 1845. There is good reason to think that Schroder's plant was the var. acuminatus, Schun. of P. lucens. This was (Herb. Glasgow) gathered by the Franklin Expedition." (Bennett.} Winter River, and Sea Cow Pond, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun.) Spallumsheen River, at Enderby, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.) (2447.) For P. rutilans, Wolfgang ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 88, read P. rutilus, Wolgang in Roem. & Schultze, Veg. Sys. Mant. 3, p. 362 (1S27.) " It is the P. ccespitosus of Nolte." (Bennett.) (3189.) P. vaginatus, Turcz., Flora baiclensi-dahurica, 1856. (Siberia.) "This plant, placed under P. pectinatus, in Ledebour's Flora Rossica, vol. 4, is stated by Dr. Kihlman (of Helsingfors) in Botanisha Notisea, 1887, page 85, to have been brought from " Saskatchewan, Canada, Bourgeau, Palliser's Exp., 1858." (Bennett.} Buffalo Lake, N.W.T., Lat. 56°, 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) (3190.) P. flabellata, Babington. Mr. Bennett sent a specimen of this to Mr. Babington, who names it as above. It belongs to the same group as P. pectinatus. North Pond, near East Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun.) "(No. 11) P. pectinatus, Linn., vsu\pseudo-marinus, Bennett, = P. pectinatus, Linn., 372 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. forma satina, Voch ! (It really comes under P. flabellata, Bab., as a variety, but without fruit, it is impossible to say so.)" (Bennett, Letter, 1890.) In a saline pond north of Kamloops, B.C., June 13th, 1889. (Macoun.) (2449.) P. pectinatus, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 88. "Judging by the young fruit this (No. 12) must go to P. pectinatus, Linn., as an aggregate. It comes close to the var. longissimus, Mertens & Koch (1823), which was issued in the Flora Lugricre, I860; as the var. longissimus, Weissmann Fl. Petrop." (Bennett Letter, March 3rd, 1890.) Pond on the Indian Keservation at Kamloops, B.C., June 26th, 1829. (Macoun.} 657. RUPPIA. (3291.) R. lacustris. Stems rigid, firm and woody, forking and producing numerous leaves in bud-like clusters at the nodes and ends of the branches. Leaves sheathing, rigid and straight ; stipules white, membraneous from one to two inches long. Fruiting peduncles bright red rising from the centre of the leaf clusters, coiling spirally after flowering. Fruit im- mature. A very distinct species, having more the appearance of Potamogeton pectinatus than Euppia maritima. Abundant in a saline pond north of the Ferry at Kamloops, B.C., June 13th, 1889. The pond is one of a series in the bare hills above the trail leading to Tranquille. (Macoun.) 665. HELEOCHARIS. (2467.) H. ovata, B. Br. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 574. H. obtwa, Schultes; Macoun, Cat. IV., 95. Not uncommon in British Columbia. Agassiz. 1889. (Macoun.) (2468.) H. palustris, Linn., var. Watsoni, Clarke, Journ. Bot., XXV., 268. (1887.) Stated by Mr. Clarke to occur in Newfoundland, Labrador, and sub- arctic America, and to be a very trifling depauperate form or variety with castaneus spike. (Britton.) Hudson Bay. (Burke, fide Britton.) In wet sand, Brackley Point, Prince Kdward Island. 1888. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 373 Var. vigens, Bailey in Herb. Gray. " Culm stout, thick, very spongy, constricted at the summit, nearly as thick as the ovate spike." (Britton.) In muddy places by ponds, Victoria Road and Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island. 1888. In a pond on the road to Cedar Hill about one mile from Victoria, Van- couver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) (2469.) H. acuminata (Muhl.) Nees. ; Britton, Joum. N. York, Micros. Soc., X., 109. H. compressa, Sulliv. ; Maeoun, Cat. IV., 96. Specimens referred to H. tennis (in Part IV., 97) from Salt Lake, Anticosti ; east coast of Lake Nepigon ; Lake Superior at Thunder Bay ; marsh, Porcupine Mountains. Man. ; and Moose Jaw Creek, Assiniboia, belong here. (2471.) H. intermedia, Schultes.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 96. In mud along the shore of Leamy's Lake, near its outlet at Hull Cemetery, near Ottawa. 1889. (Macoun.) 672. CAREX. (2505.) C. capitata, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 109. Damp, grassy places, Methy River, Lat. 57°, N.W.T. 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) (2507.) C. dioica, Linn. Professor Bailey informs me that the specimens placed under this species in Part IV., 109, belong to C. gynocrates. This species is there- fore cancelled, and references under it go to G. gynocrates. (2524.) C. Jamesil, Schweinitz; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club., I, 48. References under C. Steudelii, Kunth, Part IV., 113, belong here. (2528.) C. Sartwellii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIIL, 90. (1842.) References under C. disticha, Huds, Part IV., 114, belong here. Prof. Bailey in Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 8, says that " the American plant is abundantly distinct from the European C. disticha, Huds." ( Prof. Dewey and Dr. Boott thought otherwise, but we fully agree with Prof. Bailey in keeping them apart. 374 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. oocidentalis, Bailey, MS. N. Var. Head lighter coloured than in the species; spikes more pointed; scales thin, whitish, very sharp and as long as, or longer than the peri- gynium. Guichon Creek, Nicola Valley, B.C. 1888. (Dawson.) Borders of saline marshes around Karaloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2529.) C. Douglasii, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 115. Abundant and in fine fruit on the dry arid plain between the Ferry and the North Thompson, opposite Kamloops, B.C., -Juno, 1889. (Macoun.) (2530.) C. marcida, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 115. Quite common on the dry flats by the Thompson Eiver at Spence's Bridge and Kamloops, B.C. 1 889. (Macoun,) Var. alterna, Bailey, MS. N. Var. " Tall and very slender, the culm even fiexuose ; spikes small and scattered, the lower ones a half inch or more separated and. the head often 2 inches long ; perigynium lance-ovate, longer than in the species and more strongly nerved, especially on the outer side, and strongly stipitate." In dry gravelly soil along Shuswap Lake near Scotch Creek, B.C., June 18th, 1889. (Macoun.) (2533.) C. teretiuscula, Good., var. ampla, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 53. " Very large and stout, growing three feet or more high in deii.se tul'ts ; heads huge (2 to 3 in. long), much branched, chaffy ; perigynium twice larger than in the species, nerved on the back, shining at maturity, produced into a long beak." Quaking bog, on the border of Burnaby Lake, near Vancouver City, B.C., April 19th, 1880. (J. M. Macoun.) (2543.) C. Hookeriana, Dewey; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I, 14. C. muricata, var. gracilis, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 118. ki Very slender; head interrupted, castaneous, small, the spikes sonic- times alternately arranged ; bracts of the two or three lower spike* produced into long awns, which surpass the spikes; porigymum small, green, usually lightly nerved, gradually produced into a beak which is cut into sharp awl-like teeth," Sec Part IV. for distribution, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 375 (2545.) C. Hoodii, Boott; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 14; Macoun, Cat. IV., 119. C. muricata, Linn., var. confixa, Bailey ; Macoun, Cat. IV.j 119. In thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May 14th, 1889. (Macoun.) (2549.) C. festive, Dew., var. pachystachya, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 51. C-f estiva, Dew., var. gracilis, Macoun, Cat. IV., 120, in part. "Culm more or less prolonged (1 to 3 ft.), flat and weak, longer than the lax leaves; heads small and globular or oblong, dull dark brown, the spikes often somewhat distinct, very short ; perigynium spreading, about the length of, or somewhat longer than, the ovate-lanceolate muticous brown scale." Cedar Hill, near Victoria ; Nanaimo ; and Mount Mark, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Alaska. (Ohamisso.) Var. gracilis, Olney; Macoun, Cat. IV., 120. In grassy thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May 10th, 1889. (Macoun.) (3192.) C. illota, Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club, I., 15. C. Bonplandii, Kunth? var. minor, Boott, Proc. Acad. Phila. (1863), 77. C. Bonplandii, var. angustifolia, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 233. (1880.) " Distinguished from small forms of C. f estiva. Dew., as follows : — Very slender and usually tall (6 in. to 19 in.), the head very small and globular or short-oblong (^ in. or less in diameter) ; perigynium completely margin less, thick below, stipitate, nerved, entirely smooth on the edges, the cylindrical and scarcely-cut beak projecting beyond the obtuse or muticous dark brown scale. The perigynia arc considerably like those of the C. canescens group. This species stands midway between C. f estiva and C. heleonastes" By little pools on the mountains north of Griffin Lake, B.C., at an altitude of 6000 feet, Aug. 1889. (Macoun.) (2551.) C. synchnocephala, Carey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 121. In damp spots on the flat land north of the Ferry, at Kamloops, B.C., June 22nd, 1889. (Macoun.) (2554.) C. remota, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 122. Professor Bailey writes me that this species is of Very doubtful occurrence in Canada, so we cancel it. 376 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3193.) C. Eleocharis, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 6. u One of the Vignecv, perhaps allied to 0. tenclla, Schk. ; very slender but stiff, half ti foot high, both leaves and culm filiform and smooth; spikes two or three, eaeh bearing from one to three flowers, closely aggregated into a very small and apparently monostachyous head, evidently staminate above; perigynium short-ovate, turgid, flat on the inner face, inarginless and nerveless, dull brown, beak entire or nearly so, as long as or longer than the thin hyaline scale." Collected on the Saskatchewan Plains, near Fort Carleton, in August, 1872. Col. Olncy named it C. glareosa, and under this name it was distributed. It has never been seen since, but often looked for. (Macoun.) (2557.) C. canescens, Linn., var. polystachya, Boott; Eich. Jour., II., 344. C. arcla, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 124, in part. Erect and mostly strict, not glaucous, 1J to 2J feet high ; Jeaves very lax and usually exceeding the culm ; spikes oblong, green, more or less aggregated into a loose head, the lowest one or two subtended by a short and hyaline broad-based and pointed or caudate bract ; perigynium more spreading than in the species. All eastern references to C. arcta, in Part IV., belong here. The western to the next variety. Var. Oregana, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 75. C. arcta, Boott ; Macoun, Part IV , 125, in part. " Head larger and more dense than in the var. polystachya, becoming brown ; spikes loosely flowered, the perigynia sometimes spreading in a stellate manner ; perigynium narrow, often almost linear-lanceolate, brown-nerved, sharp edged and rough above." Very abundant in ditches at Hastings, B.C. ; and Victoria and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cedar Hill, near Victoria, V. I. (Fletcher.') Vancouver City, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Var. robust! na, A very tall form growing in clumps in boggy places. Spikes 6 to 8, generally 7, often half an inch long, tapering at the base, lower spikes distant and peduncled, the latter four forming an oval head, lower with a short setaceous bract, whole head with a light silvery hue. In damp woods at Port Haney, B.C., May 1st, 1889. (Macoun.) Burnaby Lake, near Hastings, B.C., April, 1889. (J. M. Macoun,) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 377 Var. brunnea, Low and slender, scarcely a foot high, growing in tufts in ditches. Spikes brown, scattered, 3 to 5, generally 4, small, but elongated, the upper often half staminate; lower bract seldom longer than the spike. The scattered light-brown, elongated, spikes distinguish this variety from all other forms of the species. Port Haney and Port Moody, B.C., May 3rd, 1889. (Macoun.) (2565.) C. Liddoni, Bootl; Macoun, Cat. IV., 128. Fine specimens were collected at Lytton and Spence's Bridge on the Thompson Eiver, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) (2566.) C. pratensis, Drej., var. furva, Bailey, MS. 0. pratensis, Macoun, Cat. IV., 128, in part. " Spikes much larger than in the type (-J in. or more long), more loosely flowered, dark brown. The culms appear to be more sharply angled, also." (Bailey.) Not uncommon in damp meadows at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, and throughout southern Vancouver Island, May 27th and 31st, 1887. (Macoun.) (2567.) C. foenea, Willd., Enum. PI. Sort. Berl., 957. (1809.) C. adusta, Macoun, Cat. IV., 129, in part. " Culm slender and often weak (1 to 2 feet high) ; head long and weak ; spikes five to eight, small and silvery green, much contracted below and alternately disposed ; perigynium varying from ovate to long-ovate, thin, much longer than the small achenium, prominently rough-margined, strongly many-nerved on both sides ; bracts entirely wanting or very inconspicuous." In the valley of Eagle Eiver at Griffin Lake, B.C., July 7th, 1889. (Macoun.) Var. perplexa, Bailey; Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 27. C. adusta, Macoun, Cat. IV., 129, in part. " Mostly taller and stouter than the species, the spikes larger and less attenuated or even truncate below, more approximate or even aggregated, the head erect or nearly so and the lowest bract sometimes prominent." Burnt woods, North Hastings, Ont., and near the Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.) (2568.) C. adusta, Boott; Hook. Fl. II., 214. Keferences under C. pinguis, Bailey, Part IV. ? 129, belong here. 25 378 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2572.) C. Straminea, Willd. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I, 31. C. straminea, var. tenera, Macoun, Cat. IV., 132. This includes the lax forms hitherto included in var. tenera. In thickets at Agassiz and Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) Var. brevier, Dewey ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 22. Eeferences under C. straminea and var. festucacea, Macoun, Cat., IV., 131-132, belong here. Var. cumulata, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 23. C. straminea, var. alata, Macoun, Cat. IV., 133. " Culm very tall and stiff ; spikes several to many (sometimes 25 !), greenish, usually aggregated into a bunchy head, very densely flowered and squarely contracted at the base, short and pointed, spreading ; peri- gynium appressed, the points therefore not conspicuous." (3194.) C. silicea, Olney; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 24. C. straminea, var. moniliformis, Tuckerman; Macoun, Cat. IV., 133. All references in Part IV., 133, under the above variety, belong here. (2573.) C. Preslii, Steud.; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 52. C. leporina, L., var. Americana, Olney ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 133. Prof. Bailey says that the synonym C. petasata, Dew., should not have been placed here in Part IV. All our own specimens go here. Summit of Mount Queest, Gold Eange, B.C. Alt. 6000 feet, 1889. (J. M. Macoun.') Gold Eange, north of Griffin Lake, B.C. Alt. 6500 ft. 1889. (Macoun.) (2574.) C. bicolor, Allioni; Macoun, Cat. IV., 134. Of a specimen received from Mr. J. Brittain, Fredericton, New Brunswick, which we doubtfully referred here, Professor Bailey writes : " It has many of the characteristics of C. bicolor, but I should prefer to call it C. aurea until more material accumulates." It is retained here until New Brunswick collectors get more material. Upper Eesti- gouche Eiver, N.B., July, 1883. (Brittain.') (2578.) C. atrata, Linn., var. ovata, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 135. " Habitually more slender than the species and usually lower, spikes small or oblong-ovate, reddish-brown, slenderly peduncled," This form CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 379 includes all our herbarium specimens collected between the Atlantic Coast and the Eocky Mountains. Mountain specimens are placed under C. atrata, as they are identical with Greenland specimens, having the heads short peduncled and closely aggregated, while the scales are deep black without any tinge of red. The specimens referred to C. atrata, var. nigra, in Part IY., are placed with the species, and the variety disappears, as Prof. Bailey erects Olney's variety into a species named C. nova. All our specimens are more or less peduacled, and hence are excluded. (2581.) C, Parryana, Dew. ; Macoun, Cat. IY., 136. In dry thickets along Shuswap Lake, at Scotch Creek, B.C., June, 1889. (Macoun.') (2591.) C. aurea, Nutt., var. celsa, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 75. (?. aurea, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IY., 138, in part. "Taller than the species (15 to 20 in. high), and strict spikes large and compactly flowered, evenly cylindrical, longer peduncled." Somenos, and Home Lake at Qualicum, Yancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun. ) (2592) For C. albata, Bailey, Macoun, Cat. IY., 139, read C. ablata, Bailey. (2594.) C. debilis, MX., var. Rudgei, Bailey, Mem. Torr., Bot. Club, I., 34. Eeferences under C. debilis, MX., Part IY., 139, belong here. "The common northern form." (Bailey.) (2595.) C. flava, Linn., var. viridula, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 31. Eeferences under G. (Ederi, Eetz., Part IY., 140, belong here. (2597.) C. nudata, W. Boott, var. angustifolia, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 16. Eeferences under C. coespilosa, I/inn., and var, filifolia, Boott, Part IY., 141, belong here. 380 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2598.) C. vulgaris, Fries, var.strictiformis, Bailey, Mem. TOIT. Bot. Club, I., 74. C. vulgaris, Macoun, Cat. IV., 142, in part. "Tall and lax (1J- to 2| ft. high), the leaves long and narrow; staminate spike longer peduncled; pistillate spikes looser and often longer than in the species, the perigynia never being so densely packed and usually becoming browner." Lower St. Lawrence. (Pringle, fide Bailey.) North-west Arm Ferry and Point Pleasant, Halifax, N.S. ; also at the mouth of Madalene Eiver, Gaspd Coast, Q. {Macoun.) (2599.) C. decidua, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 143. The specimens from Rogers Pass, Selkirk Mountains, belong here. It turns out to be a common species in British Columbia, and seems as much at home at 1100 feet altitude as at 6000. Mount Queest, Gold Eange, B.C. (J .M. Macoun.) On the Gold Range north of Griffin Lake, alt. 6000 feet ; shore of Shuswap Lake, and along the Thompson to Kamloops, quite common. {Macoun) Professor Bailey writes that the present arrangement of specimens under this species is pro- visional. It is the Pacific representative of C. vulgaris. (2600.) C. invisa, Bailey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 143. Common along Queest Creek, Shuswap Lake, B.C. Alt. 5000 feet. (J. M. Macoun.) Mountains north of Griffin Lake, Gold Range, B.C. Alt. 6000; also along Spallumsheen Arm, at Sicamous, B.C. 1200 feet alt. 1889. (Macoun.) (3195.) C. variabilis, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 18. C. aquatilis, Macoun, Cat. IV., 143, in part. "Glaucous; mostly low (2 feet or less high), stout, culm sharply angled, roughish on the angles ; leaves rather broad (as compared with 0. stricta, Lam.) ; spikes three or four, short and stout (2 in., or less, long), borne near the top of the culm, erect, the lower one or two con- spicuously attenuated tit the base, and appearing clavate, the upper sessile, lower peduncled ; bracts leaf-like and broad, the lower one or two equalling or exceeding the culm ; perigynium small and broadly ovate, abruptly and very short beaked, nerveless, beak entire, green or whitish, conspicuously broader and usually shorter than the obtuse or muticous black scale." Old Wives' Lakes, Assiniboia; along Bow River at Calgary, Alberta. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 381 Var. elatior, Bailey, I.e. " Much taller, the leaves very long, and narrower ; spikes longer (often 3 to 4 in.) and more slender, the lower much attenuated below, the upper bearing conspicuous staminate portions ; bracts long and narrow." Open thickets at Morley, foot-hills of Rocky Mountains ; Kicking Horse Lake, Rocky Mountains, and Donald, in the Columbia Valley ; near Cedar Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2601.) C. Nebraskensis, Dew., var. praevia, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club. I., 49. References under 0. Jamesii, Torrey, Part IV., 143, belong here, and the synonym C. compacta, should not have been placed under this species. (3196.) C. aperta, Boott; Hook., Fl., II., 218, 219. Fifty miles up the North Thompson River, ^above Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.~) By a lake near Fort St. James, northern British Columbia, June, 1875 ; abundant at Shuswap Lake and Agassiz, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2605.) C. acutina, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 52. C. acuta, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 146. " A fine suite of specimens of Oarex acuta given me by Arthur Bennett, Croydon, England, and a study of the species in various foreign herbaria, have enabled me to draw lines of separation between the European plant and the western plants which have been referred to it. G. acutina differs from G. acuta in the pale color of the plant and its lesser size and thin leaves, habitually smaller spikes, thinner and shorter perigynium, which is much less prominently nerved, and the lighter colored obtuse or muticous scales." (Bailey.) Lewes River, Lat. 62°, KW.T., 1887. (Dawson.) (2608.) C. salina, Wahl. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 45. References under C. salina, Wahl., var. mutica, Wahl., Part IV., 147, belong here. Var. cuspidata, Wahl. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 46. References under C. salina, Wahl., Part IV., 146, belong here. ;;v_' GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADAi (3197.) C. Macounii, A. Bennett; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 45. C salina, var. (?) robusta, Bailey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 147. See description and notes on page 147. (2611.) C. cryptocarpa, Meyer, var. pumila, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 27. C. cryptocarpa, Macoun, Cat. IV., 148 in part. "Low (6 to 12 in. bigh); pistillate spikes, commonly two, sbort (f in. or less), ovate or short-oblong ; scales broad and muticous, but little longer than the much lighter colored perigynium.'" Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Gordon Head, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Comox, Vancouver Island ; common in salt marshes along Burrard Inlet, B.C. 1 889. (Macoun.) (2613.) C. Barbaras, Dew. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 148. Quite common on the border of Burnaby Lake, and eastward in marshes to Griffin Lake, in the Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2620.) C. Raynoldsii, Dew. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 151. In a mountain valley north-west of Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.} (2627.) C. Salterensis, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 7. C. vaginata, Tausch.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 153. Professor Bailey separates this species from the European C. vaginata by its much more slender and less csespitose habit, narrower leaves and less conspicuous sheaths, its alternately-flowered spikes, and its much smaller, less inflated, and conspicuously nerved perigynium. All references in Part IV., 153, belong here. Low ground near Hamilton, Ont., 1889. (Burgess.) (2636.) C. laxiflora, Lam. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 155. Professor Bailey has revised this species and finds the type to be what we have been calling C. laxiflora, var. intermedia, Boott. It embraces slender plants, characterized by narrow leaves (usually less than J in. in width), a pedunclcd, or at lea.st very conspicuous staminate spike, scattered pistillate spikes, which are very loose flowered and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 383 narrow (| to 1 J in. long), and very blunt perigynium. This includes both the type and var. intermedia of Part IV., 155. The synonymy may be considered cancelled, as it only refers in part to the type. (2637.) C. Henderson!, Bailey. Not uncommon in woods and open thickets between Yale and the coast of British Columbia, 1 889. (Macoun.) (2638.) C. laxiculmis, Schweinitz; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot Club, I., 47. C. retrocurva, Dew. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 156, in part. " Distinguished by its glaucousness." (Bailey.') (2639.) C. digitalis, Willd., var. copulata, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 47. C. retrocurva, Maccmn, Cat. IV., 156, in part. "Larger than in the species, the culm weak and reclining, sometimes two feet long; leaves twice or thrice broader; spikes shorter and heavier ; perigynium mostly larger. In aspect much like G. laxiculmis, but has no glaucousness, the upper spikes are shorter peduncled." (Bailey.) Wet ravines, London, Ont., June 24th, 1881. (Burgess.) (2647.) C. Pennsylvanica, Lam., var. vespertina, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club., L, 47. C. Pennsylvanica, Macoun, Cat. IV., 158, in part. lt Habitually taller than the species, very slender ; staminate spike commonly slimmer and usually very short-peduncled ; pistillate spikes more separated and the lowest subtended by a leafy bract from one half inch to one inch long ; perigynium mostly larger, more hairy, the beak longer and stouter." This form includes all our British Colum- bia and Vancouver Island specimens of C. Pennsylvanica. (2648.) C. COmmuniS, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 41. Eeference under 0, varia, >Muhl., Part IV., 159, except those given below, belong here. Var. Wheeleri, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 41. C. varia, Macoun, Cat. IV., 159, in part. " Mostly lower than the species ; leaves very numerous, very broad and bright green, conspicuously shorter than the culm ; staminate 384 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. spike very short (usually only a fourth or a third of an inch long), closely sessile-inclined and inconspicuous ; lowest bract leaf-like, often an inch or two long." On the sides of ravines, Truro, and Pirate's Cove, Strait of Canso, KS. 1883. (Macoun & Burgess.} (2649.) C. varia, Muhl., in Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Hand!., XXIV., 159. (1803.) Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 40. Eeferences under 0. Eminonsii, Dewey, Part IV., 159, belong here. (2650.) C. Novae-Anglise, Schw. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 44. C. Novse-Anglise, Macoun, Cat. IV., 160, in part. " Very slender, stoloniferous, the culms 6 to 8 inches high, about the length of the very narrow loose leaves; staminate spike quite distinct, erect and prominent, 3 to 8 lines long, mostly minutely peduncled, exceedingly narrow (about half a line broad) ; pistillate spikes usually two, the upper near the base of the staminate spike, the lower from J to 1 inch removed and short-stalked and subtended by a bract which nearly or quite equals the culm, both rather loosely three to six-flowered ; radical spikes none ; perigynium very narrow, often nearly oblanceolate, very thinly hairy, the sharp beak prominent; stigmas often two." In damp woods, Point Pleasant, Halifax, N.S. (Burgess & Macoun.) Grassy places at Cove Head and Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island. (Macoun.') Woods near St. Martin, N.B. 1888. (Brittain.) (3198.) C. deflexa, Hornemann; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I, 41. C. Nwse-Anglix, Macoun, Cat. IV, 160, in part. " Very low, much tufted ; culms from 1 to 6 inches long, setaceous more or less curved or spreading, little exceeding or shorter than the narrow leaves ; staminate spike exceedingly minute and nearly always invisible in the head; pistillate spikes two or three, two to five- flowered, green or green-and-brown, all aggregated into a small head, the lowest one always more or less short-peduncled and subtended by a leafy bract, a half inch or less long ; radical spikes very few or none; perigynium very small, much contracted below, sparsely hairy or nearly smooth, the flat beak exceedingly short." On sandy or rocky places near water, Gasp£ Peninsula, Q. (Macoun.) Portage, Kent Co., N.B. (Brittain.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 385 Yar. Deanii, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 42. C. Novse-Anglise, Macoun, Cat. IV., 160, in part. "Taller and laxer, the culms from 6 to 12 inches high and some or all prominently exceeding the long, loose, soft leaves; staminate spike much larger (2 to 3 lines long), erect or oblique, strictly sessile; pistillate spikes larger (four to eight-flowered), less aggregated or the lowest usually separated, though rarely more than a quarter of an inch removed ; radical spikes usually numerous ; bract mostly longer. Macnab's Island, Halifax Harbor, and Truro, N.S. ; crevices of rocks, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island; Sudbury Junction and Port Arthur, Ont. (Macoun.) Yar. media, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 43. C. Novse-Anglix, var. deflexa, Bailey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 160. " Rather stiff, 4 to 12 inches high, in dense tufts ; most of the culms somewhat exceeding the leaves ; staminate spike prominent and erect, 3 to 5 lines long, sessile or very short peduncled ; pistillate spikes two or three, all scattered, the uppermost at, or near, the base of the staminate spike, the lowest very prominently peduncled and subtended by a conspicuous bract which surpasses the culm, all rather compactly, three to eight-flowered, green, or brown-green; radical spikes usually abundant ; perigynium much as in short-beaked forms of 0. umbellata ; scales large and sharp equalling or exceeding the perigynium." Grassy thickets, McLeod's Lake, and Telegraph Trail, B.C. ; also on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. Alt. 5500 feet. (Macoun.) Yar. Rossi i, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 43. C. Novse-Anglise, var. Rossii, Bailey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 160. " Stiff throughout, very strict, the leaves mostly equalling or ex- ceeding the culms, the whole plant usually light-colored; staminate spike much as in the last, often larger ; pistillate spikes one to three, distinct or sometimes scattered, loosely one to four-flowered ; radical spikes usually abundant; scales very sharp, greenish-white or very rarely bearing an inconspicuous colored margin." In woods, from the Pacific coast to Spence's Bridge. (Macoun.) (3199.) C. amplifolia, Boott; Hook. PI. II., 228, t. 226. In abundance in and around springs in woods Yernon, near Lake Okanagan, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 386 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (2655.) C. castanea, Wabl. ; Gray, Mao., ed. VI., 603. Eeferences under C.flexilis, Eudge, Part IV., 162, belong here. (2658.) C. capillariS, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 163. C capillaris var. Krausei, Macoun, Cat. IV., 163. C. Saskatchewana, Macoun, Cat., IV., 163. Prof. Bailey having examined the specimens upon which these forms were founded, refers them both here. (2671.) C. lupulina, Muhl. (1805); Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I, 11. Eeferences under C. lurida, Wahl., Part IV., 167, belong here. Prof. Bailey shows that 0. lurida, properly belongs to 0. tentaculata. Var.- Bella-villa, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 12. Eeferences under 0. lurida, var. divergens, Bailey, Part IV., 168, belong here. Var. pedunculata, Dewey ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 12. Eeferences under 0. lurida, var. polystachya, Bailey, Part IV., 168, belong here. (2673.) Since writing the article under this number, Part IV., 168, we have received specimens of C. Raeana (named by Boott), from the British Museum, and can make nothing of it except an immature specimen of C. oligosperma. In the summer of 1888, J. M. Macoun collected on Methy Portage many specimens of both C. oliogosperma and C. monile. Prof. Bailey in Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, Vol. I., 39, makes C. Raeana a variety of C. monile. It is very probable that Boott had young specimens of C. oligosperma and C. monile before him when he characterized the species he named C. Raeana. The description of Prof. Bailey combines the spikes of C. monile and the leaves of C. oligosperma, and the compound is Boott's C. Raeana. Prof. Bailey writes me that "The type of C. Raeana, in Herb. Boott, is clearly different from C. oligosperma" Whatever it is there is no evidence that it is a good species, and may be, as I state above a com- pound of C. monile and G. oligosperma. (2674.) C. miliaris, Michx. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 35. C miliaris, Michx. . Macoun, Cat. IV., 199, in part. C. Raeana, Boott ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 168, in part. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 387 Below is Prof. Bailey's arrangement of the species, and I agree with his remark that " whatever future observers may decide as to the merits of the varieties I propose, the disposition suggested cannot fail to make the species better known." My difficulties are all cleared away by the arrangement, but var. major may be Michaux's type. "Culm very slender but erect (12 to 18 in. high), smooth or slightly rough above on the angles ; leaves narrow, often almost filiform, rough on the edges, mostly shorter than the culm ; starninate spikes one or two, elevated an inch or more from the upper pistillate spike, very narrow, an inch or less long ; pistillate spikes one to three, the upper one sessile and the lower very short-stalked, small (f in. or less long), the lowest subtended by a bract which usually exceeds it; perigynium very small, broadly or round-ovate or ovate-oblong; thin but firm in texture, bearing a nerve upon either angle, but otherwise nerveless or sometimes bear-ing a few very faint nerves near the base, rounded into a very short and terete beak which is either entire or somewhat erose ; pistillate scales brown, lance-ovate, ending in a sharp whitish tip which nearly or quite equals the perigynium." Island in the Saguenay River, near Lake St. John, Que. {A. H. Smith.) Drury's Cove, St. John, N.B. (Herb. Gray.) Near St. John, KB., 1877. (Prof. Fowler.) Newfoundland. (La Pylaie, Herb. Gray.) Var. obtusa, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 36. " Culm mostly shorter and even more slender ; pistillate spikes much smaller (from J in. long to smaller and globular), closely sessile ; pistil- late scale very obtuse, little if any more than half the length of the perigynium." Marguerite River, Que. (A. H. Smith, fide Bailey.) One small specimen received from Prof. Fowler, collected at Kenne- beckasis, N.B , June 30th, 1878, is this variety. The others are the type. (Macoun.) Var. major, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, L, 36. "Much stouter (often fully two feet high), the culm thick and very sharply angled ; leaves stout and canaliculate or involulate ; staminate spikes short stalked ; pistillate spikes one to five, mostly short-oblong, but often cylindrical (varying from J to 1 J in. long), stout and very dark and dull-brown, the lower one or two short-peduncled ; scale vary- ing from wholly obtuse to muticous." Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., 1885. (J. M. Macoun.) Jupiter River, Anticosti, Q., 1883. (Macoun.} Ungava Bay, Labrador, 1884. (Turner.} 388 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. (?) aurea, Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club, I., 37. " Taller and mostly stouter than the species ; staminate spikes two to three, mostly long-peduncled ; pistillate spikes one or two, the upper sessile, the lower short-peduncled, often staminate at the apex, yellow or stramineous ; perigynium thin and yellow as in C. monile, mostly prominently few-nerved, gradually produced into a conspicuous and more or less toothed beak, broader and usually longer than the light brown or whitish muticous scale." Kennebeckasis, N.B. {Prof. Fowler, fide Bailey.} (2675.) C. physocarpa, Presl. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 169. Sparingly along Spallumsheen Arm, at Sicamous, B.C., July, 1889. {Macoun.) (2679.) C. utriculata, Boott; Hook. Fl. II., 221. (1840.) References under C. rostrata. With., and its variety utriculata, Bailey, Part IV., 370, 171, belong here. Specimens referred here were collected in an immature state at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) (3200.) C. exslccata, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club; I. 6. C. vesicaria var. major, Boott ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 171, in part. " Differs at once from C. vesicaria by its greater size and broader leaves, thicker and more nearly sessile spikes, and particularly by the much longer, lance-ovate, scarcely inflated, duller and strongly nerved perigynium, which is three or four times longer than the very narrow and muticous scale. In some of its forms it strongly suggests G. trichocarpa, Muhl., var. aristata, Bailey." Wet marshy places, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Fletcher.') Common and variable everywhere on Vancouver Island, 1887; on the mainland of British Columbia, from the coast to the Gold Eange. (Macoun.) Var. globosa, Bailey, Mem. Torr., Bot. Club, I., 7. C. vesicaria var. major, Macoun, Cat. IV., 171, in part. " More slender than the species, the leaves narrow (J in. or less wide) ; spikes small (an inch or less long), more or less scattered, closely sessile, rusty in color; perigynium narrower, conspicuously spreading; scale hyaline and very small." Home Lake, near Mount. Mark, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 389 Yar. pungens, Bailey, Mem. Torr.Bot. Club, I., 7. C. vesicaria, var. major, Macoun, Cat. IV., 171, in part. u Slender ; spikes narrowly cylindrical (the size of a pencil) one to two inches long, usually dark colored ; scales firm, very sharp-pointed, half or a third as long as the the perigynium." Wet places at Cowichan, Nanaimo and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887; common in swamps at Port Hammond, Agassiz, and eastward to Craigellachie, Eagle Eiver, B.C. (Macoun.) (2684.) C. lurida, Wahl.; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 10. Eeferences under C. tentaculata, Muhl., Part IV., 173, belong here. (2687.) P. Pseudo-Cyperus, Linn., var. Americana, Hochst. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, 1 , 54. Keferences under C. Pseudo-Cyperus, var. comosa, W. Boott, Part IV., 174, belong here. 674. PANICUM. (3201.) P. nitidum, Lam., var. barbulatum, Michx. Not uncommon at Kamloops and along the shores of Shuswap Lake, B.C. June, 1889. (Macoun,) 676. SPARTINA. (2713.) S. gracilis, Trin.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 182. Common in saline, boggy places at and around Kamloops, B.C., 1887. (Macoun.) 684. ALOPECURUS. (2730.) A. geniculatus, Linn., var. caespitosus, Scribner, MS. A. Macounii, Vasey, Macoun, Cat. IV., 189 =J. Howellii and A. saccatus, Vasey. "Culms low (2 to 6 in.), erect, panicles J to 1 in. long, uppear sheaths sometimes inflated." " The spikelets are the same as in A. geniculatus, Linn. Perhaps a couplo of sub-varieties could be made on the varying length of the leaves, but we do not carry matters that far in this country." (Scribner.) On the old waggon road, at the first tunnel, as it rounds the bluff at 390 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Yale, B.C., May, 1889. We agree with Mr. Scribner in making this a var. of A. geniculatus. (Macoun.) Prof. Scribner remarks of var. robustus, Vasey, that it is just a stout grown plant of the species. 685. ARISTIDA. (2736.) A. fasciculata, Torr. A.purpurea, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 190 = (A. purpurea, Nutt., var. = No. 336, Scribner, Montana Coll.) Abundant at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 686. STIPA. (2739.) S. Macounii, Scribner, MS. S. Richardsonii, Macoun, Cat. IV., 190. " This is the Stipa Richardsonii of Gray's Manual, but I think not of Link. Your S. Richardsonii, var. major, is, I believe, Stipa Richardsonii, Link. I look upon the eastern plant, with its smaller panicle and spikelets, as a distinct species, and beg leave to name it S. Macounii.''1 (Scribner.) This species includes all the references under S. Richard- sonii in Part IV. (Macoun.) (3202.) S. Richardsonii, Link. S. Richardsonii, var. major, Macoun, Cat. IV., 191. Not uncommon along the north shore of Shuswap Lake, near Scotch Creek, B.C., June, 1889. (Macoun.) (2740.) S. spartea, Trin. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 191. Abundant in many places on the hills around Kamloops and towards Nicola Lake, June, 1889. (Macoun.) (2742.) S. Columbiana, Macoun, Cat. IV., 191. Distinguished from S. viridula by its acute callus and short palea, this being scarcely half as long as its glume. (Scribner.) Not uncommon in tufts on the flats at Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889. (Macoun.) S. ? (No. 18.) <•' This = 613, Tweedy, 1885, and referred by me to S. viridula, from which I now think it is distinct. Must study it more. Perhap.s it is not separable from S. Columbiana." (Scribner.) My Yale specimens CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 391 referred in Part IV. to S. Columbiana, belong here, if this proves a distinct form. No. 18, of 1889, was gathered at Yale, B.C. (Macoun.) (2I738.) S. comata, Trin. & Eupr. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 190 ; No. 20 Macoun, 1889 — 338 Scribner; 201 M. E. Jones (Colorado); 49 Kusby (Arizona); 1625 Henderson (Oregon); and 3T Tweedy (Washington). " Awn 5J inches long, flowering glumes with callus 7 inches long." (Scribner.'} My No. 20 was growing in abundance in tufts on dry flats at Spence's Bridge, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.') "No 19 is the same species but the awns are only about 4 inches long, flowering glume including callus 5 inches long." (Scribner.) No. 19 was abundant in the same situation at Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889. (Macoun.) 687. ORYZOPSIS. (2746.) O. cuspidata, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 193. Abundant on the sandy soil just across Spence's Bridge (on the north side), B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) 689. MUEHLENBERCIA. (2749.) M. glomerata, Trin.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 194. Rather common in grassy thickets at Agassiz, B.C.r July, 1889. (Macoun.) 693. SPOROBOLUS. (2757.) S. asperifolius, Thurber; Macoun, Cat. IV., 197. On saline flats south of Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889. (Macoun.') " Spikelets sometimes 2-flowered, second flower pedicellate and im- perfect." (Scribner.) (2758.) S. cryptandrus, Gray; Macoun, Cat., IV., 197. On arid soil at Spence's Bridge, and at Trout Creek at the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C., July, 1889. (Macoun.) 694. ACROSTIS. (2763.) A. canina, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 198. Prof. Scribner says of this species: "This is A. rubra, Linn. May be called A. rubra, Linn., var. Americana. It is the same as A. rupestris. 392 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Chapm. (non All.), found on Eoan Mountain, North Carolina. The same plant grows on the White Mountains of New Hampshire (A. canina, var. alpina, Oakes) together with the true A. rupestris, All." (Scribner.) Our specimens from Mount Albert, Gaspe*, Q., belong to A. rubra, var. Americana. (Macoun.) (3203.) 'A. Macounii, Scribner, in Herb. A. canina, Linn., var. paleata, Vasey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 198. " Very distinct from A. canina, Linn. Probably a new species and will name it A. Macounii." (Scribner.') (2*764.) A. exarata, Trin.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 198. Prof. Scribner says of No. 31 collected at Burrarjl Inlet and New Westminster, B.C., " one of the many forms (or species) referred to A. exarata, Trin., by American authors." (2770.) A. varians, Trin.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 200. Of specimens of this sent to Prof. Scribner, he writes — " lAgrostis varians, Trin. = 6054 Bolander.' This certainly does not equal 6054 Bolander, of which I have specimens, nor is it A. varians, Trin. It may be a small form of A. exarata, Trin." These specimens were from Queen Charlotte Islands. (Macoun.) Of others he writes — "not A. varians. Am not prepared to say what it is. I have the same from Oregon." These specimens were from Adams Lake, B.C. 1888. Collected by Dr. Dawson. Small specimens gathered on Mount Queest and Griffin Lake Mountains of the Gold Eange, B.C., at an altitude of 6500 feet are doubtfully referred here by Prof. Scribner. (Macoun) (3204.) A. hu miliS, Vasey. " Kootstock creeping, palea f as long as its glume and a short naked prolongation of the rachilla." Mount Queest, altitude 6500 feet 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant on mountains north of Griffin Lake in the Gold Eange, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2768.) A. perennans, Tuck. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 199. Of Ottawa specimens, Prof. Scribner writes — " A. perennans, Tuck., but hardly of Gray's Manual ; certainly Trichodium perennans of Ell." CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 393 697. CINNA. i (2777.) C. pendula, Trin., var. glomerata, Scribner. C.pendula, Trin., var. acuMora, Vasey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 202. Abundant around springs at Griffin Lake, Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.') 698. DEYEUXIA. (2781.) D. Canadensis, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat. I V., 204. Prof. Scribner writes of Nos. 34 & 35 — " Perhaps G. Canadensis ; No, 34 = 482 E. Palmer (1887) from Utah ; and more exactly a grass I have from the Cascade Mountains, collected by Mr. Frank Tweedy in 1882." No. 34 is from Kamloops ; arid No. 35 from mountains north of Griffin Lake, B.C. Alt. 6500 feet. 1889. (Macoun.) (2792.) D. rutaescens, Vasey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 207. Our specimens, so called, are referred to D. Suksdorffii, by Professor Scribner. This species is therefore cancelled. (2795.) D. Suksdorffii, Scribner; Macoun, Cat. IV., 207. Bather common on rocky hillsides at Sicamous, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (3205.) D. chalybeea, Fries. ? Of No. 36, collected at Shuswap Lake and Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889, Prof. Scribner writes : "No. 36fe = 357, Scribner. This grass seems to me distinct from C. stricta, Fries. Judging from descriptions it does not appear to differ from C. chalybaia, Fries." 701. DESCHAMPSIA. (2802.) D. atropurpurea, Scheele, var. minus, Vasey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 209. Prof. Scribner says of this that it is " exactly like my European specimens ticketed Vahlodea atropurpurea. Certainly no variety." (2806.) D. elongata, Munro ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 210. On dry spots, Cragellachie, Gold Range; on gravel at Penticten, south end of Okanagan Lake, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 26 394 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 703. TRISETUM. (2809.) T. canescens, Buckl.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 211. Not uncommon in thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) (2810.) T. cernuum, Trin.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 210. Not uncommon in thickets at Yale, on the Fraser, and Craigellachie, in the Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 704. AVENA. (2840.) A. Smithii, T. C. Porter; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 653. " Closely allied to, but distinct from, Melica aristata. Neither of these can be referred to Melica, and they are no better classified when placed in Avena. Bromelica (Thurber as a section of Melica) might be raised to the rank of a genus, and made to include these and two or three other species which at present are evidently out of place in the genera to which they have been referred. Your No. 52 would then be Bromelica Smithii." (Scribner.) Rather common in damp thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1887. (Macoun.) Prof. Scribner refers my No. 2840 (Melica aristata) to this species, so references under it are transferred here. 715. EATONIA. (2832.) E. Obtusata, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 218. Two forms of this species were collected : " (a) Culm slender, 40 cm. high, panicle 4 cm. long : green plant, with the aspect of Kceleria cristata, and may be named sub-var. kcelerioides. (b) Culm 90 cm. high, panicle 15 cm. long, interrupted, dark purple." (Scribner.) The first form was gathered on the Indian Reservation at Kamloops, B.C. ; the second at Griffin Lake; in the Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2833.) E. Pennsylvanica, Gray; Macoun, Cat., IV., 218. Borders of ponds south of Kamloops, B.C., June, 1889, (Macoun.) 718. MELICA. (2839.) M. acuminata, Bolander; Macoun, Cat. IV., 220. Grassy thickets at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 395 (3206.) M. spectabilis, Scribner. In a mountain valley, north of the Thompson Biver, between Spence's Bridge and Lytton. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.} 723. POA. (2859.) P. Eatoni, Watson?; Macoun, Cat. IV., 225. On the mountains at Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889. This is the sarnie species referred to P. Calif ornica in Part IV. There is still doubt where this should go. (Macoun.) (2863.) P. laxa, Hsenke ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 225. Quite common on the mountains north of Griffin Lake, G-old Range, B.C. Alt. 6500 feet. 1889. (Macoun.) (2868.) P. Nevadensis, Vasey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 226. On the mountain side at Yale, at Spence's Bridge, and at Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2870.) P. purpurascens, Vasey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 226. Summit of the mountains north of Griffin Lake, B.C. Alt. 6500 feet. 1889. (Macoun.) (2873.) P. stenantha, Macoun, Cat. IV., 227. Prof. Scribner writes me that my specimens of this species are his Poa Vaseyana, var. angustifolia, Tweedy, 1885. It is not P. stenantha, R. Brown. (2873.) P. subaristata, Macoun, Cat. PV., 227. Of this Prof. Scribner writes — " I have in my herbarium no P. subaristata. Your grass is the same as 631 Tweedy (1885 Yellowstone Park Coll.) which I referred doubtfully to Poa andina, Nutt. I col- lected in Montana exactly the same form. ISTuttall never published his Poa andina. I have never seen and do not know Poa andina, Trin. Your grass belongs to a section of the genus not well under- stood, and one represented by many forms in the Rocky Mountains. The grass you sent me ticketed Poa andina, Nutt, var purpurea, Vasey, is like the type of Poa andina, Nutt., in Nuttall's writing in herb. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sciences." We have still a few Poas undetermined, and hope to have, them settled during the coming year. 396 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 727. SCOLOCHLOA. (2883.) S. festucacea, Link. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 666. Fluminia arundinacea, Trin. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 229. Abundant in a marshy meadow, five miles south of Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 728. CLYCERIA. (2886.) C. grandis, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 667. G. arundinacea, Kunth. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 230. Quite common in marshy meadows, five miles south of Kamloops, B.C. 1887. (Macoun.) (2888.) C. distans, Wahl., var. airoides, Vasey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 231. Abundant on the borders of saline marshes at Kamloops, and sparingly at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 729. FESTUCA. (3207.) F. subuliflora, Soribner MS. F. occidentalis, Macoun, Cat. IV., 235. Prof. Soribner writes of this — " This (No. 7) is believed to be F. subulata, Bong, by Prof. Hsekel, but it does not agree so well with his description of that species as your No. 89 (of this year.) It = 1171 and 1367, Henderson, and ~No. 19, Howell, in my herbarium. Note that the branches of the rather short panicle are ail solitary, that the curved callus of the following glume is remarkably long and is covered with a few short stiff hairs, that the edges of the flowering glume are ciliate with a few scattered hairs near the base, and that the joints of the rachilla are also ciliate-scabrous. The panicle branches are shorter than in your No. 89, the leaves are shorter, of much firmer texture and pubescent on the upper surface. I will name this grasss pro- visionally F. subulifolia." This is the Vancouver Island plant. (3208.) F. subulata, Bong.? No. 89 of 1889. "Panicles nodding, the long and slender lower branches in pairs; callus much shorter than in No. 7, and with the joints of the rachilla simply scabrous. Flowering glumes 3-nerved. In No. 7, the flowering CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 39*7 glumes are 5-nerved, the intermediate nerves, however, indistinct, excepting when the glumes are moistened and viewed by transmitted light." (Scribner.) In thickets at Agassiz, B.C., on the mountain side, 1889. (Macoun.) (2904.) F. occidentals, Hook.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 235. On rocks, North Arm, Burrard Inlet, B.C., April 30, 1889. (Macoun.) (2907.) F. rubra, Linn., var. longearistata, Hack, in herb. Scribner. " Your No. 88 is this variety, and is apparently the same as 15 of Ho well, named by Dr. Vasey F. ovina, L., var. polyphylla. No. 87 is very near No. 88, but possibly distinct." (Scribner.) No. 87 is from Shuswap Lake, and No. 88 from Yale, B.C. 730. BROMUS. (2914.) B. Hookerianus, Thurber; Macoun, Cat. IV., 238. In thickets at Agassiz and Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2925.) B. TECTORUM, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 240. Introduced in meadows and cultivated fields at Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 736. ELYMUS. (3209.) E. nitidus, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XIII., 120. "Culms 2^ to 3 feet high, rather stout and leafy, sterile shoots half as long ; leaves erect rigid, scabrous, 6 to 8 inches long, 2 to 3 lines wide, slender pointed ; ligule nearly obsolete ; sheaths scabrous ; spike about 4 inches long, erect ; spikelets 1 to 2 at each joint, three to five- flowered; empty glume 6 to 7 lines long, including the awn, the upper one five-nerved, lower one three to four-nerved, scabrous on the nerves; flowering glume about 5 lines long, with a fine scabrous awn of equal length, obscurely five-nerved, smooth or nearly so, punctulate and shining; palet a little shorter, ciliate-scabrous on the nerve. The spike is less thick than in E. Virginicus, and more compact than in E. striatus." ( Vasey,) Quite common in damp thickets at Agassiz, Yale and Shuswap Lake, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 398 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2948.) E. Macounii, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XIII., 119; Macoun, Cat. IV., 246. " Culm 2 to 3 feet high, smooth, leaves of culm 3 or 4, rigid, erect, narrow, scabrous, 3 to 6 inches long; ligule short and truncate; spike slender, erect, cyclindrical 3 to 5 inches long ; commonly in slender specimens there is but one spikelet at each joint of the rachis, in stronger ones the lower spikelets are in pairs and the upper ones single ; frequently some of the spikelets have three glumes, even some of the double ones, i.e., one glume on each side and one in front. Spikelets one to three-flowered, empty glumes linear-lanceolate, rigid, scabrous, mostly three-nerved, 3 to 4 lines long, and running into an awn as long or longer ; flowering glumes oblong-lanceolate, punctulate below and scabrous above, 4 or 5 lines long, with an awn as long or longer, five-nerved ; palet equalling the glume, obtuse." ( Vasey.*) In tufts on dry hillsides and in hollows, at and around, Kamloops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.'} " These specimens differ from the type only in their pube- scent lower sheathes and leaves. Axis of spike articulated." (Scribner.) INDEX. PAGE Abies, 363 amabilis, Forbes 363 Acnida, 351 tuberculata, Moq. var. sub- nuda, Wat 351 Acorus, Linn 74 Calamus, Linn 74 Adiantum, Linn 263 boreale, Presl 263 pedatom, Linn 263 var. rangiferinum, Burgess 263 Agropyrum, J. Gsertn 241 caninum, Reich 241 dasystachyum, Vase y 241 divergens, Nees 241 var. tenue, Vasey 242 glaucum, R. & S., var. occi- dentale, V. & S 242 repens, Beauv 242 tenerum, Vasey 242 violaceum, Lange 243 Agrostis, Linn 198, 391 nequivalvis, Trin 203 alba 2,01 albicans, Buckl 198 canina, Linn 198, 391 var. sequivalvis, Trin 203 var. melaleuca, Bong.. 200, 203 var. paleata, Vasey. . .198, 392 var. (?) tenella, Torr 198 Cinna, Pursh 202 cryptandra, Torr 197 decumbens, Muhl 201 diffusa, Muhl 1 95 Drummondii, Torrey 200 exarata, Trin... - 195, 392 var. ft. minor, Hook 200 exarata, var. Wat 199 geminata, Trin 199. Hillebrandii, Thurber 203 hispida, Willd 200 humilis, Vasey 392 lateriflora, Michx 194 laxiflora, Rich 199 Macounii, Scrib 392 Mexicana, Linn 194 Michauxii, Trin 199 microphylla, Steud 199 oreophila, Trin 199 perennans, Tuck 199, 392 polymorpha, Trin 200 PAGE racemosa, Michx 194 rubra, Linn., var. Americana.. 391 rupestris, All 392 rupestris, Chapm 391 scabra, Willd 199 setosa, Muhl , 194 sylvatica, Torr 195 tenuiftora, Willd. .... 195 varians, Ti in , . .... 200, 392 verticillata, Vill 200 Virginica, Muhl . 198 vulgaris, With 200 var. alba, Vasey. 201 Aira, Linn , 208 ambigua, Michx 209 arctica, Spreng 209 atropurpurea, Wahl 209 ctespitosa, Linn 209 caryophyllea, Linn 208 danthonioides, Trin 210 elongata, Hook , 210 flexuosa, Linn. . . 211 latifolia, Hook 209 mollis, Muhl 218 oblusata, Michx 218 prsecox, Linn 208 tntncata, Muhl 218 Aletris, Linn 23 alba, Michx. 23 farinusa, Linn 23 Alisma, Linn 76 natans, Pursh 76 Plantago, L. var. Americanum, Gray 76 Plantago, L 76 trivialis, Pursh 76 ALIBMAOELE (cxiv.) 76 Allium, Linn 34 acuminatum, Hook 36 angulosum, Pursh. 36 Canadense, Kalm 36 cernuum, Roth 35 cernuum, Hook 34 Geyeri, Wat 36 Nevii, Wat 37 reticulatum, Fraser 36 var. ft. Wat 36 reticulatum, Hook 37 Schcenoprasum, Linn 35 stellatum, Fraser 36 stellatum, Hook 35 400 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. tricoccum, Ait 34 triflorum, Pursh 34 Vancotiverense, Macoun 37 Allosorus acrostichoides, Spreng. . . . 261 aquilinus, Presl 262 gradlis, Presl 260 Stelleri, Ruprecht 260 Allotropa 339 virgata, Torr. & Gray 339 Alnus, 355 rubra, Bong 355 Alopecurus, Linn 188, 389 alpinus, Smith 188 alpinus, Hook 189 alpinus, Dawson 189 aristulatus, Michx 188 geniculatus, Linn 188 var. aristulatus, Munro. . 188 var. ctespitosus, Scrib .... 389 var. pumila, Vasey 189 var. robustus, Vasey. 189, 389 Howellii, Vasey 389 Macounii, Vasey 189 Macounii, Vasey 389 occidentalis, Scribner 189 pratensis, Linn 189 var. alpestris, Vasey 189 saccatus, Vasey 389 sub-arista tus, Pursh 188 AMARYLLIDACE^E (cvi.) 26 Ammophila, Host 208 arundinacea, Host 208 longifolia, Benth. & Hook. ... 208 Anacharis Canadenstis, Planchon . . 1 Andropogon, Linn 184 avenaceus, Michx 185 furcatus, Muhl 184 nutans, Linn 185 provincialis, La ja 184 purpurascens, Willd 185 scoparius, Michx 185 Anemone, 295 nemorosa, var. ? 295 Oregana, Gray 295 Anemonella, Spach 295 thalictroides, Spach 295 Angelica, 328 atropurpurea, Linn 328 genuflexa, Nutt 328 hirsuta, Muhl 328 Anthericum serotinum, Linn 42 Anthoxanthum, Linn 186 odoratum, Linn 186 A plectrum, Nutt 4 hyemale, Nutt 4 Arabia, 303 arcuata 304 canescens, Nutt 304 canescens, Wat 303 var. lalifolia, Wat 303 PAGE Columbiana, Macoun 304 confinis, Wat 303 Druminondii, Gray 304 Brummondii, Gray 303 humifusa, J. Vahl 303, 304 var. pubescens, Wat 303 Ixvigata, Hook 303 Lemmoni, Wat 303 lyrata. Linn., var. occidentalis, Wat 303 lyrata 303 petrsea, Lam 303, 304 var. ambigua-, Hegel 303 Archangelica atropurpurea, Hoffm., l>28 Gmelini, DC 328 hirsuta, Torr. & Gray 328 Archemora rigida 330 Arctagrostis, Griseb 201 latifolia, Ledeb 201 var. Alaskensis, Vasey.. 201 Arcliodracon Camtschaticum, Gray, 73 Arctophila, Rupt 229 fulva, Rupt 229 Lsestadii, Rupt 229 mucronata, Hack. 229 pendulina, And 229 Arctostaphylos, 338 tomentosa, Dougl 338 Arenaria 309 physodes, D.C 309 Arethusa, Linn 10 bulbosa, Linn 10 medeoloides, Pursh 12 ophioglossoides, Pursh 11 parviflora, Pursh 11 pendula, Pursh 11 rerticillata, Pursh 12 Arisaema, Martins 72, 368 Dracontium, Schott 72, 368 triphyllum, Torr 72 Aristida, Linn 190,390 basiramea, Engel 190 dichotoina, Linn 190 fasciculata, Torr 390 purpurea, Nutt 190, 390 AROIDEJE (cxn.) 72 Arrhenatherurn, Beauv 213 avenaceum, Beauv 213 Artemisia 335 annua, Linn 335 glauca, Pall 335 Arum atrorubens, Ait 72 Dracontium Willd 72 triphyllum, Linn 72 Virginicum, Linn 72 Arundo agrostoides, Pursh 204 arenaria, Linn 208 Canadensis, Michx 204 cinnoides, Muhl 204 INDEX. 401 confinis, Willd Pliragmites, Linn Asclepias < speciosa, Torr Asparagus, Linn officinalis, Linn Aspidium, Swartz acrostichoides, Swartz acnleatum, Swartz var. Braunii, Doell var. lobatum, Kunze var. scopulinum, J). C. Eaton aculeatum, Pursh alpestre, Swartz Americanum, Davenport angustum, Willd asplenoides, Swartz atomarium, Muhl Boottii,Tuck Braunii, Spenner bulbiferum, Swartz cristatum, Swartz var. Clintonianum, D. C. Eaton var. uliginosum, Milde. . . dilatatum, Swartz Filix-mas, Swartz > Filix-mas, Pursh ' fragrans, Swartz Goldieanum, Hook intermedium, Willd lobatum, Smith Lonchitis, Swartz marginale, Swartz montanum, Swartz montanum, Milde munitum, Katif Noveboracense, Swartz oblusum, AVilld Oreopteris, Swartz punclilobum, Willd rigidum, Swartz rufidulum, Swartz spinulosum, Swartz var. Booltii, Gray var. dilatatum, Hook var. intermedium, D. C. Eaton o « tenue, Swartz Thely pteris, Swartz thelypteris, Hook var. Noveboracense , Willd. Asplenium, Linn acrostichoides, Swartz angustifolium, Michx ebeneum, Ait Filix-foemina, Bernh var. angustum, D. C. Eaton var. Michauxii, Mett. . . . PAGE 204 216 341 341 27 27 271 277 278 278 278 279 278 271 275 207 207 280 276 278 &0 272 273 276 275 274 273 276 273 275 278 277 274 280 272 278 271 284 272 285 274 283 275 276 275 275 279 272 271 271 264 266 266 266 267 267 267 PAGE melanocaulon, Willd 265 platyneuron, Oakes 266 rhizophyllum, Linn 268 thelypteroides, Michx 266 Trichomanes, Linn 265 Trichomanes, Linn 264 trichomanoides, Michx 266 viride, Huds 264 Asprella, Willd 248 hystrix, Willd 248 oryzoides. Lam 184 Virginica, Rcem. & Schultz. . . 184 Aster, 332 campestris, Nutt 333 foliaceus, Lindl., var. Eatoni, Gray 333 var. pubescens, Gray .... 334 Novi-Belgii, Linn, var. litoreus, Gray 333 occidental, Nutt 333 paniculalus 333 patulus, Lam 333 peregrinus, Pursh 333 puniceus, Linn., var. firmus- • • 333 var. Isevicaulis, Gray 333 var. lucidulus, Gray 333 radulinus, Gray 332 subulatus, Michx 334 Tradescanti, Linn 333 Astragalus 317 collinus 317 filipes, Torrey 317 Mortoni, Nutt 317 stenophyllus, Torr. & Gray.. . 317 Atheropogon apludoides, Wahl .... 216 ohgostachyum, Nutt 216 Athyrium alpestre, Nyl. . 271 Filix-fcemwa, Roth 267 Filix-foemina, var. /?. Hook. . . 267 thelypteroides, Desv 266 Atriplex, 351 patulum, Linn 351 var. hastatum, Gray 352 var. littorale, Gray 352 Atropis angustata, Ledeb 229 Californica, Munro 224 distans, Griseb 231 distans, Thurber 232 tenwflora, Thurber 227 Avena, Linn 212, 394 annua, Linn 213 fatua, Linn 212 glumacea, Michx 214 mollis, Michx 212 prcecox, Beauv 208 pratensis, var. Americana, Scrib 213 Smithii, T. C. Porter 394 spicata, Linn 214 striata, Michx 213 402 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. versicolor, Vill Axyris, Linn amaranthoides, Linn Azolla, Lain Carol iniana, Willd Ballota, Linn nigra, Linn Beckmannia, Host erucseforinis, Host, var. uni- florus, Scrib Berula angustifolia, Koch Bidens, bullata, Linn. (?) Blechnum boreale, Swartz Bly&mus rufu?, Link Boltonia, L'Her asteroides, L'Her latisquama, Gray, var. occi- dentalis, Gray Boschniakia Hookeri, Walp Botrychium, Swartz dissectum, Spreng fumarioides, Willd lanceolatum, Angst Lunaria, Swartz lunarioides, Swartz matricarisefolium, A. Braun.. obliguum, Muhl simplex, Hitchcock ternatum, Swartz var. Americanum var. dissectum, Milde. . . . var. lunarioidcs, Milde. . . var. obliquum, Milde. . . . Virginianuin, Swartz Virginicum, Willd var. (?) simplex, Gray Botrypus lunarioides, Michx Virginicus, MX Bouteloua, Lag curtipendula, Gray fcena, Torr hirsuta, Lag oligostachya, Torr racemosa, Lag Brachyely trum, Beauv aristatum, Beauv Briza, Linn Canadensis, Nutt Canadenyis, Michx Eragrostis, Linn media, Linn Brizopyrum Americanum, Link . . . boreale, Presl spicatum, Hook. & Am var. strictum, Gray Brodisea, Smith Douglasii, Watson PAGE 213 , 352 . 352 294 , 294 350 350 176 176 326 326 334 334 263 101 332 332 332 348 348 253 256 255 254 253 255 254 256 255 255 255 256 255 256 256 2f6 255 255 256 215 216 215 215 216 216 195 195 222 232 230 219 222 221 221 221 221 34 34 PAGE grandiflora, Smith 34 gramdiflora, Pursh 34 lactea, Wat...... 34 Bromelica Smithii, Scribner 394 Bromus, Linn 237, 397 Aleutensis, Trin 237 breviaristatus, Buckl 237 ciliatus, Linn 237 var. ligulatus, Vasey 238 var. pauci florus, Vasey - . 238 Hookerianus, Thurb 238, 397 var. minor, Scrib 238 Kalmii, Gray \ 238 Macounii, Vasey 239 maximus. Linn 239 mollis, Linn 239 Orcutti anus, Vasey...* 239 Pumpellianus, Scrib 239 purgans, Linn 237 purgans, Torr 238 racernosus, Linn 239 *secalinus, Linn 239 segetum, Schl 240 Sitchensis, Bong 240 subulatus, Ledeb 240 subulcUus, Griseb 220 tectorum, Linri 240, 397 wren*, ^uckl 238 Buda, Adns 309 borealis, Wat 310 marina, Dumort 309 marotheca, Fisch. & Meyer. . . 310 rubra, Dumort 310 Bupleurum 327 Americanum, C. & R 327 ranunculoides 327 Oacalia, 335 tuberosa, Nutt 335 Calamagrostis albicans Buck 203 Aleutica, Trin 203 arenaria, Trin 208 Canadensis, Beauv 204 coarctata. Hook 205 colorata, Nutt 185 confinis, Nutt 204 crassiglurnis, Thurb 204 deschampsioides, Trin 204 inexpansa, Gray 204 Langsdorffii, Trin 204 Lapponica, Gray 205 longijolia, Hook 208 Mexicana, Nutt 204 Oregonensis, Buckl 204 Pickeringii, Gray 206 Porteri, Gray .^ 206 purpurascens, K. Br 206, 207 Purshii, Kunth 204 rubescens, Buckl 207 stricta, Beauv 205, 393 strigosa, Bong 207 INDEX. 403 TAGE sylvatica, DC, 207 Calandrinia, 312 Columbiana, Howell 31 2 Calla, Linn.... 73 palustris, Linn 73 Virginica Michx 72 Callitriche, 322 autumnalis, Linn 322 Bolanderi, Hegelm 322 hamulata, Kutz 323 heterophylla, Pursh 323 Calochortus, Pursh 42 elegans,Pursh,var.nanus,Wood 42 elegans, Hook ' 42 var. minor, Hook 42 Lyallii) Baker 42 macrocarpus, Dougl 42 Colopogon, R. Br 10 pulchellus, R. Br 10 Calypso, Salisb 3 borealis, Salisb 3 Camassia, Lindl 37 esculenta, Lindl 37 var. ft. floribu* albu*, Hook 37 var. Leiclitlinii, Baker... 37 Fraseri, Torr 37 Leiclitlinii, Wat 37 Campanula, 337 aurita, Greene 337 rotundifolia, Linn., var. Alas- kana, Gray 338 var. arctica, Lange 337 var. hirsuta 338 Camptpsorus, Link 2G8 rhizophyllus, Link 268 Cardamine, 301 cordifolia, Wat 301 Douglasii, Torr 301 flexuosa, With 302 hirsuta, Linn., var. montana, 302 var. sylvatica, Gray 302 Lyallii, Wat 301 pratensis, Linn., var. angusti- folia, Hook 301 var. occidentals, Wat. .. 301 pratensis 302 rliomboidea 301 rolundifolia 301 var. purpurea 301 Carex, Linn 108, 372 abbreviate^ Boott 153 ablata, Bailey 139, 379 acuta, Linn 146 var. prolixa, Hornem .... 146 acuta, Linn 381 acuta, Pursh 143 acutina, Bailey 381 adusta, Boott 129, 377 var. argyrantha, Bailey.. 129 var. glomerata, Bailey .... 129 PAGE adusta, W. Boott 133 adusta 377 ssmatliorhyncha, Olney 165 affinis, R. Br 112 Alaskana, Boott. 175 alata, Torr 133 var. pulchra, Olney 133 alba, Dew 157 var. setifolia, Dew 157 albata, Bailey , 139, 379 albolutescens, Olney 129 var. argyrantha, Olney ... 129 var. glomerata, Olney 129 var. sparsiflora, Olney... 129 alopecoidea, Tuck 117 var. sparsi-spicata, Dew.. 117 alpestris, Dew 159 alpina, Swartz 136 var. nigrescens, Olney 136 ambusta, Boott 147 amplifolia, Boott , 385 ampullacea, Good 170 var. borealis, Lange 170 var. utriculata, Carey 171 anceps, Schwein & Torr 155 anceps, Muhl 155 anceps, var. angustifolia, Dew . 155 var. blanda, Hook 155 var. palulifolia, Dew 156 var. striatula, Carey 155 Andersoni, Boott. .... 143 angustata, Boott 143 antliericoides, Presl 118 anthoxantha, Preisl 110 aperta, Boott 381 aperta, Boott 146 var. angustifolia, Boott. . . 141 var. divaricata, Bailey . . . 146 aperta, Carey 145 aquatilis, Wahl 143 var. epigeios, Lsest 144 var. minor, Boott 144 aquatilis 380 arcta, Boott 124 arcta, Boott 376 arctata, Boott 161 var. Faxoni, Bailey 161 arctata x flexilis, Bailey .... 162 arctica, Dew 136 argyrantha, Tuck 1 29 arida, Schwein & Torr 129 aristata, R. Br 175 var. longo-lanceata, Dew . . 175 Assiniboinensis, W. Boott 162 athcrodes, Sprengl 175 athrostachya, Olney . 121 atrata, Linn 135 var. nigra, Boott 135, 379 var. ovata, Boott 135, 373 atrata 378 404 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE atrofusca, Schkuhr 138 attenuftta,R.Vr 113 aurea, Nutt 138 var. androgyna* Olney. . . 138 var. celsa, Bailey 379 aurea, Nutt " 379 Backii, Boott 113 Backiana, Dew 112 Barbara, Dew 148, 382 Bebbii, Olney . . 130 Bella-villa, Dew 168 Beyrichiana, Bceck 168 tricolor, Allioni 134, 378 Bigelovii, Torr 142 blanda, Dew 155 blepJiarophora, Gray 162 Bolanderi, Olney 125 var. sparsi; flora, Olney .... 125 Bolliana, Bceck "..... 137 Bonplandii, Kunth. var. an- gustifolia, W. Boott 375 var. minor, Boott 375 bracteosa, Schwein 115 brizoides, L. var. nemoralis, Wim 125 bromoides, Schk 114 Brongniartii, Kunth, var. densa, Bailey 118 bullata,Dew 172 Buxbaumii, Wahl 134 caespitosa, Linn 141, 379 var. filifolia, Boott 141 yar. filifolia, Boott 379 cxspitosa, Good 142 Canadensis, Dew 167, 168 canescens, Linn 123 var. alpicola, Wahl 124 var. alpicola 123 var. brunnea 377 var. Oregan a, Bailey 376 var. polystachya, Boott.. 376 var. polystachya, Boott, 124, 376 var. robustina 376 var. vitilis 124 var. vulgaris, Bailey.... 123 canescens, Hook 134 canescens 375 capillaris, Linn 1 63, 386 var. elongata, Olney 163 var. Krausei, Krantz 163 var. Krausei 386 capitata, Linn 109, 373 Carltonia, Dew 127 castanea, Wahl 386 cephaloidea, Boott 118 cephalophora, Muhl 118 var. angustifolia, Boott.. 118 var. maxima, Dew 117 cephalophora, ft., Torr 117 PAGE chlalaros, Steud 153 chordorhiza, Ehrh 120 circinata, C. A. Meyer 110 collecta, Dew 159 CoUinsii, Nutt 166 Columbiana, Dew 134 comimmis, Bailey 383 var. Wheeleri, Bailey .... 383 comosa, Boott 174 corapacta, R. Br 170 compacta, Hook 143 compacta 381 complanata, Torn & Hook .... 137 concinna, R. Br 158 coricolor, R. Br 141 congesta, C. A. Meyer 119 conoidea, Schkuhr 154 conoidea, Muhl 155 Cooleyi, Dew 173 costata, Schwein 136 Crawei, Dew 153 var. heterostachya. Dew.. 153 crinita, Lam 149 var. gynandra, Schwein & Torr 149 var. minor, Boott 149 var. paleacea, Dew , . 149 cristata, Schwein , . . , 130 crus-corvi, Shuttleworth 117 cryptocarpa, C. A. Meyer.... 148 var. pumila, Bailey 382 cryptocarpa 382 curta, Good 123 cuspidata, Wahl 146 cylindrica, Carey 1 72 cyperoides, Dew 121 Davisii, Dew 159 Davalliana, Dew 110 debilis, MX 139 var. p., Boott 139 var. Rudgei, Bailey 379 debilis, MX 379 decidua, Boott 143, 380 deflexa, Hornemann 384 var. Deanii, Bailey 385 var. media, Bailey 385 var. Rossii, Bailey 385 Dewey ana, Schwein 124 var. Bolanderi, W. Boott. 125 var. sparsiflora, Bailey. . . 125 digitalis, Willd 156 var. copulata, Bailey .... 383 digitalis, Schwein 137 dioica, Linn 109, 373 var. Davalliana, Dew 109 dioica, Schwein & Torr 109 disperma, Dew 121 disticha, Hudson 114 disticha, Hudson 373 Douglasii, Boott 115, 374 INDEX, 405 PAGE var. densi-spicata, Dew. . . 115 var. minor, Olney 115 Drejeri, Lange 141 Drummondiana, Dew 113 dubitata, Dew 142 duriuscula, C. A. Meyer 120 eburnea, Boott 157 echinata, Murray 126 var. angustata, Bailey .... 126 var. conferta, Bailey 126 var. microstachys, Boeckl. 126 Eleocharis, Bailey 376 elongata, Hook 248 Emmonsii, Dew 159 var. eWptica, Boott 159 Emmonsii, Dew 384 exilis,Dew Ill exsiccata, Bailey 388 var. globosa, Bailey 388 var. pungens, Bailey 389 Fendleriana, Boeck 115 festiva, Dew 120 var. gracilis, Olney ..120, 375 var. Haydeniana, W. Boott 120 var. pachystachya, Bailey 375 festiva, Dew 375 festucacea, Willd 132 filifolia, Nutt 109 filiformis, Linn 165 var. semathorhyncha, W. Boott 165 var. lanuginosa, Boeck .... 165 var. latifolia, Bailey 165 filipendula, Drej 148 flava, Linn 140 var. androgyna, Olney . . . 140 var. lutescens, Wahl 140 var. rectorostrata, Bailey. 141 var. viridula, Bailey 379 flava, Willd 140 flexilis, Kudge 162, 386 flexuosa, Muhl 139 foenea, Willd 132, 377 var. perplexa, Bailey 377 var. (?) sabulonum, Gray. 133 folliculata, Linn 166 folliculata, Hook 166 folliculata, Wahl 167 formosa, Dew 137 Franklinii, Boott 138 frigida, Allioni 139 fuliginosa, Sternb. & Hoppe. . . 138 fulva, Good 164 fulvicoma, Dew 120 furcata, Ell 174 Gay ana, Dew 115 Gayana, Desv 152 Georgiana, Dew 173 Geyeri. Boott 113 PAGE glareosa,Wahl 127 var. csespitosa, Bceck 113 var. ursina, Bailey 113 glareosa, Wahl 376 glauca, Scop 146 S'obosa, W. Boott 160 melinijHook 134 Goodenovii, Gay 142 gracilis, Gray 121 gracillima, Schwein 137 Grahamii, Boott 170 granularioides, Schwein 154 granularis, Muhl 153 Grayii, Carey 167 Greeniana, Dew 164 grisea, Wahl 154 var. minor, Olney 154 gynandra, Schwein 149 gynocrates, WTormsk 109 gynocrates 373 h&matolepis, Drej 146 Haleana, Olney - 153 Hallii, Olney 136 Hartii, Dew 172 Haydeniana, Olney 120 var. Bradleyii, Dew 172 heleonastes, Ehrh 127, 375 Hendersoni, Bailey 156, 383 Hepburnii, Boott 109 heteroneura, W. Boott 135 heterosperma, Wahl 155 heterostachya, Torr 153 Ursula, Willd 137 var. pedunculata, Schweiu 137 Hitchcockiana, Dew 155 Hoodii, Boott 119, 375 Hoodii, W. Boott 119 Hookeriana, Dew 374 Hookeriana, Dew 118 Hoppneri, Boott 148 Houghtonii, Torre y 164 hymenocarpa, Drej 170 hyperborea, Drej 142 hystricina, Muhl 173 ignota, Dew 155 Illinoensis, Dew 154 illota, Bailey 375 incurva, Lightf 119 intermedia, Good 114 intumescens, Budge 167 var. globularis, Gray 167 inyisa, Bailey 143, 380 irrigua, Smith 150 Jamesii, Schwein 373 Jamesii, Torr 143 Jamesii, Torr 381 Kelloggii, W. Boott 142 Knieskernii, Dew 162 Krausei, Boeck 163 Kunzei, Olney 124 406 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. PAGE •lacustri*, Willd 164 Iseviculmis, Meinch 248 lxvi-conica, Dew 174 lagopina, Wahl 127 lagopodioides, Schk 130 var. composite!,, Olney. •«• 130 var. cristate, Carey 130 var. moniliformis, Olney . . 130 var. scoparia, Boeck 131 lagopodioides, W. Boott 133 lanceata, Dew 147 lanuginosa, Michx 165 var. semathoryncha 165 latifolia, Wahl 157 laxa, Dew 150 laxiculmis, Schwein 383 laxiflora, Lam ..155, 382 var. blanda - gracillima, Boott 155 var. intermedia, Boott. . . 155 var. intermedia, Boott 382 var. latifolia, Boott 156 var. patulifolia, Carey. . . 156 var. plantaginea, Boott... 156 var. plantaginea, Olney . . 156 var. striatula, Carey 155 laxiflora, Schkuhr 154 Leavenworthii, Dew 118 leiocarpa, C. A. Meyer 110 leiorhyncha, C. A. Meyer 118 lenticularis, Michx 145 lenticularis, Dew 150 lepidocarpa, Tausch 140 leporina, Linn, var. Ameri- cana, Olney 133 var. Americana, Olnej7 . . . 378 leporina, Willd 127 leporina, Pursh 131 leporina, Michx 131 leptalea, Wahl. Ill leucoglochin, Dew Ill leucorum, var. Emmonsii, Chapm 159 Liddoni, Boott 128, 377 limosa, Linn 150 var. irrigua, Wahl 150 var. livida, Wahl 152 var. Painei, Dew 150 var. raiiflora, Wahl 150 var. stygia, Bailey 151 limula (?) Gray 142 livida, Willd 152 var. radicalism Paine 152 longirostris, Torrey 162 var. microcystis, Bocck.. . . 162 var. minor, Boott 162 lucorum, Wrilld 158 lupuliformis, Sart 168 lupulina, Muhl 386 var. Bella-villa, Bailey . . 386 PAGE var. gigantoidea, Dew .... 168 var. pedunculata, Dew.. 386 var. pedunculata, Dew 168 var. polystachya, Shwein. & Torr 168 lupulina, Muhl 167 lurida, Wahl 167, 389 var. divergens, Bailey. .. 168 var. divergens, Bailey 386 var. polystachya, Bailey . 168 var. polystachya, Bailey . . 386 lurida. Wahl 386 LijaUii, Boott. . .' 151 Lyoni, Boott 110 Macounii, A. Bennett 147, 882 Macounii, Dew 172 macrocephala, Willd 117 macrochseta, C. A. Meyer 149 Magellanica, Lam 150 marcida, Boott 115, 374 var. alterna, Bailey 374 marginata, Willd 158 marina, Dew 127 maritima, Miiller 149 Meadii, Dew 152 var. Bebbii, Arthur 152 media, K. Br 136 Meekii, Dew 115 melanocarpa, Cham 158 membranacea, Hook 170 Menziesiana, Smith 117 Mertensii, Prescott 134 Michauxiana, Boeck 166 Michauxii, Schwein 112 Michauxii, Dew 166 microglochin, Wahl Ill micropoda, C. A. Meyer 110 microstachya, Michx Ill miliacea, Muhl 1 39 miliaris, Michx , 169, 386 var. (?) aurea, Bailey 388 var. major, Bailey 387 var. obtusa, Bailey 387 mirabilis, Dew 130 misandra, R. Br 138 var. elatior, Lange . 138 Mitchelliana, M. A. Curtis. ... 149 monile, Tuck 171 monile 386 monosperma 109 Muhlenbergii, Schk 118 multifiora, Muhl 115 var. microsperma, Dew. . . 115 muricata, Hook 119 var. cephaloidea, Dew. . . . 117 muricata, Linn, var. confixa, Bailey 119 var. confixa, Bailey 375 var. gracilis, Boott 118 var. gracilis, Boott 374 INDEX. 407 PAGE Muskingumensis, Schwein 129 mutica, R. Br 138 nardina, Fries 109 Nebraskensis, Dew., var. prsevia, Bailey 381 neglecta, Tuck 119 nigra, All 135 nigricans, C. A. Meyer 110 nigricans, Dew 109 nigricans, Torr 110 nigritella, Drejer 151 Norvegica, Schk \ 125 Novse-Anglise, Schwein. -.160, 384 nova .... 379 var. deflexa, Bailey 160 var. deflexa, Bailey 385 var. Emmonsii, Carey. . . . 159 var. Rossii, Bailey . 160 var. Rossii, Bailey 385 Novae- An ffliae " 384, 385 nudata, W. Boott, var. angus- tifolia, Bailey 379 IfuUaUii, Dew , . . . 115 Oakesiana, Dew 168 obesa, Allioni, var. minor, Boott 163 var. monostachya, Bceck. . 112 obtusangula, Ehrh 170 obtusata, Liljeblad 112 (Ederi, Retz 140 GSrfm.Retz 379 oligocarpa, Schkuhr 154 var. major, Torr 155 var. Sartwelliana, Dew — 154 oligocarpa, Hook 156 oligosperma, MX 168, 386 oreades, C. A. Meyer 120 ornithopoda, Torr 158 orthostachys, C. Meyer 175 ovalis, Good 133 ovata, Rudge 135 Pacifica, Drejer 141 paleacea, Wahl 149 pallescens, Linn 154 var. undulata, Gray 154 pallescens, Hook 153 pallida, C. A. Meyer 114 panicea, Linn 152 var. Sebbii 152 var. Canbyi, Olney 152 var. Meadii, Olney 152 var. refacta, Olney 153 var. sparsi flora, Wahl. . . . 153 var. tetanica, Olney 152 var. Woodii, Olney 152 paniculata, W. Boott 118 var. teretiuscula, Wahl 116 paradoxa, Boott 116 Parry ana, Dew 136, 379 Parryana, Hook 151 PAGE paucitiora, Lightf Ill paupercula, Michx 150 paupercula, Torr 157 pedunculata, Muhl - . 157 pellita, Muhl 165 pendula, Sommers 149 Pennsylvanica, Lam 158 var. Muhlenbergii, Gray.. 159 var. vespertina, Bailey. . . 383 Pennsylvanica, Ton 159, 383 petasata, Dew 133 petricosa, Dew 137 phseostachya, Smith 153 physocarpa, Presl...l47, 169, 388 pinguis, Bailey 129 pinguis, Bailey 377 plantaginea, Lam. .......... 157 plantaginea, Schkuhr 156 platyphylla, Carey 156 podocarpa, R. Br 149 podocarpa, W. Boott 143 podostachys, Steud 156 polytrichoides, Muhl Ill prairea, Dew 116 prasina, Wahl 139 pratensis, Drejer 128 •var. furva, Bailey 377 pratensis 377 Prescoltiana, Olney 148 Preslii, Steud.., 378 prohxa, Fries 146 Pseudo-Cyperus, Linn 174 var. Americana, Hochst. 389 var. comosa, W. Boott.. . . 174 var. comosa, W. Boott. ... 389 Pseudo-Cyperus, Schwein. & Torr 174 pubescens, Muhl 161 pulla, Good 147, 169 var. (?) miliaris, Gray 169 Purshii, Olney 173 Pyrenaica, Wahl 110 Pyrenaica, Torr 110 pyriformis, Schwein 138 Raeana, Boott 168 Raeana, Boott 386 rariflora, Smith 150 rariflora, Roth 151 Ray noldsii, Dew 151, 382 recta, Boott 146 Redowskiana C. A. Meyer 109 reducta, Drej 147 refracta, Willd 152 remota, Linn 122, 375 remota, Rich 124 retrocurva, Dew 156 retrocurva, Dew 383 retroflexa, Muhl 119 retrorsa, Schwein 172 var. Hartii, Gray 172 408 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE reversa, Spreng 172 Richardsoni, K. Br 158 rigida, Good 142, 143 var. Bigeloiii, Tuck 142 riparia, W. Curtiss 164 rosea, Schk 119 var. minor, Boott 119 var. radiata, Dew 119 var. retroflexa, Torrey.. . . 119 Rossii, Boott 160 rostrata, With 170 var. utriculata, Bailey... 171 rostrata, With 388 var. utriculata, Bailey .... 388 rostrata, Willd 173 rostrata, Michx 166 rotundata, Wahl 170 rotundata, Roth 170 rupestris, Allioni 113 var.Drwm?nonc£iana,Bailey 113 salina, Wahl 146, 381 var. ambusta, Bailey 147 var. cuspidata, Wahl 381 var. mutica, Wahl 147 var. mutica, Wahl 381 var. (?) robusta, Bailey. . . 147 var. (?) robusta, Bailey.147, 382 var. subspathacea, Tuck. . . 148 salina, Boott 148 var. /?., Boott 147 var. minor Boott 147, 148 Salterensis, Bailey 382 Sartwellii, Dew 373 var. occidentalis, Bailey. . 374 Sartwellii, Dew 114 Saskatchewana, Boeck 163 Saskatchewana 386 saxatilis, Linn 169 var. (?) Grahami, Hook. & Arn 170 var. major, Olney 170 var. miliaris, Bailey 169 saxatilis, Dew 142 var. Bigclovii, Torr 142 saxatilis, Hook 170 scabrata, Schwein 161 scabrior, Sartw 115 Schottii, Dew „ 148 Schweinitzii, Dew 173 scirpina, Tuck 112 scirpoidea, Michx 112 scirpoidcs, Schkuhr 1 26 scoparia, Schk 128, 131 var. lagapodioides,ToTT . .. 130 var. minor, Boott 131 var. moniliformis, Tuck.. . 130 var. Muskwgumensis, Tuck 129 Scouleri, Torrey 148 setaeea, Dew 115 siccata, Dew 114 PAGE silicea, Olney 378 silicea, Olney 133 Sitchensis, Prescott 148 Smithii, Porter 137 sparganioides, Muhl 117 var. minor, Boott 117 sparsiflora, Steud 153 spectabilis, Dew 149 sphcerostycha, Dew 124 Sprengelii, Dew 162 squarrosa, Linn 137 stans, Drej 144 stellulata, Good 126 var. angustata, Gray 126 var. conferta, Chapm 126 var. scirpoides, Gray 126 var. sterilis, Torr 1 26 stenophylla, Vahl 120 sterilis, Willd 126 sterilis, W. Boott 126 sterilis, vars. ft. & y., Torr 126 Steudelii, Kunth 113 Steuddii, Kunth 373 stipata, Muhl 117 straminea, Schk 131 var. alata, Bailey 133 var. alata 378 var. aperta, Boott 133 var. brevior, Dew 131 var. chlorostachys, Bceck.. 132 var. Crawei, Boott 131 var. cristata, Tuck 130 var. festucacea, Boott. . . . 132 var. foenea, Torr 132 var. Meadii, Boott 131 var. minor, Dew 131 var. mixta, Bailey 133 var. moniliformis, Tuck.. 133 var. moniliformis, Tuck. . . 378 var silicea, Bailey 133 var. tenera, Boott 132 var. tenera, Bailey 133 var. tenera 378 var. typica 131 straminea, Willd 378 var. brevior, Dew 378 var. cumulata, Bailey.. .. 378 striata, Carey 1 74 striatula, Michx 155 stricta, Lam 144 var. decora, Bailey 145 stricta, Lam 380 stricta, Hook & Arn 146 strictior, Dew 144 stygia, Fries 151 stylosa, C. A. Meyer 151 subspathacea, Wormsk 148 subulata, Michx 166 subuniflora, Steud 154 supina, Wahl 163 INDEX. 409 PAGE sychnocephala, Carey- • • .121, 375 sylvatica, Dew 161 tenella, Schk 121 tenella, Schk 376 tenera, Dew 133 tenera, Olney 132 var. major, Olney 133 tentaculata, Muhl ." • • 173 var. rostrata, Pursh 173 tentaculata, Muhl 3^6, 389 tenuiflora, Wahl 122 tennis, Rudge 139 teretiuscula, Good 116 var. ampla, Bailey 374 var. major, Koch 116 var. ramosa, Boott 116 tetanica, Schk 152 var. Meadii, Bailey 152 tetanica , Schw. & Torr 154 Thurberi, Dew 173 Tolmiei, Boott 151 Torreyi, Tuck 153 torta, Boott.... 146 var. composita, Porter.... 146 tribuloides, Wahl 130 var. cristata, Bailey 130 var. reducta, Bailey 130 triceps, Michx 137 trichocarpa, Muhl 174 var. aristata, Bailey 175 var. Deweyi, Bailey 174 var. turbinata, Dew 174 trisperma, Dew 122 Tuckermani, Boott 172 var. cylindrica, Dew 172 typhina, MX 137 typhinoides, Schw 137 limbellata, Schk , 160 var. brevirostris, Boott. . . 160 var. ncina, Dew 160 undulata, Kunze 154 Vrbani Boeck 141 nrsina, Dew 113 uslulata, Wahl 138 utriculata, Boott 388 var. globosa, Olney 171 var. minor, Boott 171 utriculata, Boott 171 vaginata, Tausch 153 var. alto-caulis, Dew 153 vaginata, Tausch 382 Vahlii Schk 136 Van- Vleckii, Schw 156 varia, Muhl 159, 384 var. minor, Boott 1 59 var. minor, Hook 159 var. pedicellata, Dew 159 varia, Muhl 383 variabilis, Bailey 380 var. elatior, Bailey 381 27 PAGE Vaseyi, Dew 171 vesicaria, Linn 171 var. alpiyena, Fries 169 var. major, Boott 171 var. major, Boott 388, 389 vesicaria, Pursh 170 virescens, Muhl 136 var. elliptica, Olney 136 Virginiana,v&r.dongata, Boeck 144 viridula, Schwein & Torr 137 viridula , Michx 140 vitilis, var. pallida, Olney 123 vulgaris, Fries 142 var. alpina, Boott 143 var. hyperborea, Boott. . . 142 var. juncella, Fries, 142 var. strictiformis, Bailey. 380 vulgaris, Olney 151, 380 rulpinceformis, Tuck 115 vulpinoidea, Michx , . . 115 vulpinoidea, Torr 117 Waxltingtoniana, Dew 142 Willdenovii, Schk 113 Willdenovii, Gray 113 Willdenovii, var. Muhl 113 Woodii, Dew 152 Wormskioldiana, Schw. & Torr. 112 xanthophysa, Wahl 166 var. minor, Hook 166 var. nana, Hook , 166 Carum, 325 Gairdneri, Benth. & Hook. . . . 325 Oreganum, Wat 325 Castalia, Salisb 300 pygmrea, Salisb 300 tetragona, Lasson, 300 Castanea, 356 sativa, Mill. var. Americana, Gray 356 vulgaris, var. Americana 356 Castilleia, 348 breviflora, Gray 348 Catabrosa, Beauv 219 aquatica, Beauv 219 Caulina flcxilis, Willd 91 Ceanothus, 314 ovatus, Desf. 314 Cenchrus, Linn 181 Carolinianus, Wait 181 echinatus, Muhl • « • 181 tribuloides, Linn 181 Centaurea, 336 Calcitrapa, Linn 336 Jacea, Linn 336 Melitensis, Linn 336 Centunculus, 340 minimus, Linn 340 Ceratochloa breviaristata, Hook .... 237 grandiflora, Hook 238 Cerastium, 309 410 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE arvense, Linn., var. oblongi- folium, Hall. & Britt 309 oblongifolium, Torr 309 Chamrcliriuin, Willd 43 Carolinianum, Willd 43 luteum, Gray 43 Cheilanthes, S wartz 259 gracillima, D. C. Eaton 259 lanuginosa, Nntt 259 restita, Hook 259 vcstita, Brackenridge 259 Chenopodium, 351 Bonus-Henricus, Linn 351 Fremonti, Wat 351 murale, Linn 351 rubrum, Linn., var. humile, Moq 351 Chimaphila, 339 maculata, Pursh 339 Menziesii, Spreng 339 Chloris curtipendida, Michx 216 Chlorogalum Leichtlinii, Baker 37 Chondrosium oligostachyum, Torr. . . 216 Chrysopogon, Trin 185 nutans, Benth. & Hook 185 Cicuta, 326 Californica, Gray 326 maculata, Linn 326 virosa, Linn 326 var. Californica, C. & R.. 326 var. maculata, C. & R 326 Cinna, Linn. 102, 393 arundinacea, Linn 202 var. pendula, Gray ... 202 latifolia, Griseb 202 Mexicana, Link 194 pendula, Trin 202 var. acutifl ora, Vasey .... 203 var. acuti 'flora, Vasey 393 var. gloinerata, Scrib 393 var. mutica, Vasey 202 racemosa, Kunth 194 tmuiflora, Link 195 < 'Indium, R. Br. . . 107 mariscoides, Torr 107 Cladothamnus 339 pyrplaeflorus, Bong 339 < 'laytonia 310 arctica, M. F. Adams 311 asarifplia, Bong 311 Chamissonis 311 • .'-njua, Torr. & Gray 311 gypsophiloidts, Fisch. & Meyer, 311 par vi flora, Dougl 310 vnr. depressa, Gray 311 •; foiid 311 perfoliata 310 var. parrijlora, Torr 310 var. tpathulata, Torr 311 sarmentosa, Bong 311 PAGE Sibirica, Linn 311 spathulata, Dougl 311 var. tenuifolia, Gray 311 tuberosa, Pall 311 Clintonia, Raf . '. 47 borealis, Raf 47 uniflora, Kunth 47 Ccelopleuron, Ledeb 328 Gmelini, Ledeb 328 Collinsia 346 parviflora, Dougl 346 Collomia, 342 gracilis, Dougl. .- 342 grandiflora, Dougl 342 heterophylla, Hook 342 Colpodium arundinaceum, Hook . . . 201 fulvum, Ledeb 229 latifolium, R. Br 201 latifolium, ,3., Kunth 201 Conioselinum, Fisch 327 Canadense, Torr. & Gray 327 Convallaria bifolia, Michx 32 multiflora, Michx 28 racemosa, Michx 31 stellata, Michx 30 trifolia, Michx 32 Corallprhiza, R. Br 4, 363 hiemalis, Nutt 4 innata, R. Br 4 innata, Nutt. 5 Macraei, Gray 6 Mertensiana, Bong 6 multiflora, Nutt 5 odontorhiza, Nutt 5, 363 striata, Lindb 6 verna, Nutt 4 Wisteriana, Conrad 5 Corispermum 352 hyssopifolium, Linn 352 Cornucopise, perennans, Walt 199 Cornus, 331 Baileyi, Coult. & Evans 331 stolonifera 331 Corylus, 355 rostrata, Ait. var. Californica. A. DC 355 Crantzia, Nutt 324 lineata, Nutt 324 Crateegus 320 coccinea, Linn 320 var. macracantlia, Dudley 320 var. mollis, T. & G 320 Crm-galli 321 punctata. Jacq 321 siilivilloxa, iSchrad 320 tomentosa, Linn., var. mollis, Gray 320 var. punctata, Gray 321 tomentosa, , . . . . oL'O Crepis 336 INDEX. 411 PAGE biennis, Linn 336 virens, Linn 336 Cryptogram me, R. Br 261 * acrostichoides, R. Br 261 crispa, var. acroslidioides^Lsi-ws. 261 forma Americana, Hook. . 261 Cuphea, Jacq 323 viscosissima, Jacq 323 Oymbidium hyemale, Pursh 4 Odontorhizon, Pursh 5 pulcheUum, Pursh . 10 Cynodon, Pers 215 Dactylon, Pers 215 Cynoglossum 344 occidentale, Gray. , . 344 Cynosurus, Linn 21 7 cristatus, Linn 217 secundus, Pursh 216 CYPBEACB^, cxvii. . . 92 Cyperus, Linn 92 aristatus, Rottb 93 diandrus, Torr 92 var. castaneus, Torr 93 ery throrhizos, Muhl .... 94 esculentus, Linn 93 filiculinis, Vahl 94 flavescens, Linn 93 var. ft. castaneus, Pursh. . . 93 flavicomus, Vahl 94 inflexus, Muhl 93 Kyllingssoides, Vahl 94 Michauxianuz, Schultes 94 mariscoidcs, Ell 94 phymatodes, Muhl 93 rcpens, Ell 93 Schweinitzii, Torr 93 strigosus, Linn 94 tuberosus, Vahl 93 uncinatus, Pursh 93 Cypripedium, Linn 20, 364 acaule, Ait 22 album, Ait 21 arietinum, R. Br 20 Calccolus, Michx 20 Canadense, Michx 21 gtittatum, Swartz 23 humile, Pursh 22 montanum, Dougl 22, 364 occidentale, Watson 22 parviflorum, Salisb 20, 364 parviflorum, Ait 21 parviflorum, Rich 22 passerinum, Rich 22 pubescens, Swartz 21 spectabile, Salisb 21 Cystea bulbifera, Smith 280 fragility Smith 279 montana, Lam 280 Cystopteris, Bernh 279 bulbifera, Bernh 280 PAGE fragilis, Bernh 279 montana, Bernh 280 Dactylis, Linn 221 cynosuroides, Linn 182 glomerata, Linn 221 Damasonium, Juss 79 Californicum, Torrey 79 Danthonia, DC 214 California, Bol. ... 214 var. unispicata, Thurb. . . 215 intermedia, Vasey 214 spicata, Beauv 214 unispicata, Munro 215 Delphinium 299 scopulorum, var. glaucum, Gr. 299 scopulorum, Gray « 299 Dennstsedtia punctilobula, Moore... 285 Desmodium, 31 7 canescens, DC 317 Deschampsia, Beauv 209, 393 alba, Roem. & Schultz 211 atropurpurea, Scheele 209 var. latifolia, Scrib 209 var. minor, Vasey... 209, 393 Bottnica, Wahl 210 brevifolia, R. Br 209 csespitosa, Beauv 209 var. arctica, Vasey 210 var. Bottnica, Vasey 210 c var. longiflora, Trin 210 var. ft. major, Hook 210 var. maritima, Vasey.... 210 calycina, Presl 210 danthonioides, Munro 210 elongata, Munro 210, 393 latifolia, Vasey 209 Deyeuxia, Clarion 203, 393 aequiyalvis, Benth. & Hook.. 203 Aleutica, Vasey 203 Aleutica • , , 207 borealis, Macoun 207 breviaristata, Vasey 203 Canadensis, Hook 204, 393 chalybsea, Fries (?) S93 Columbiana 207 confinis, Kunth 204 crassiglumis, Vasey 204 deschampsioides, Vasey 204 Langsdorffii, Kunth 204 Lapponica, Kunth 205 Macouniana, Vasev 205 neglecta, Kunth 205 var. Americana, Vasey. . . 205 var. brevifolia, Vasey .... 206 var. robusta, Vasey 206 Pickeringii, Vasey 206 Porteri, Vasey 206 purpurascens, Kunth 206 rubescens, Vasey 207, 393 stricta, Coulter 205 412 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE strigosa, Kunth 207 Suksdorfii, Scrib 207, 393 sylvatica, Kunth 207 Dicksonia, L'Her 285 pilosiuscula. Willd 285 puncti/obula, Knnze 285 Digitaria glalira, Room & Schultz. . 178 Ischacmum, Schreb 178 sanguinale, Michx 179 Dilepycum aristosum, MX 195 minutiflorum, MX 194 Dioscorea, Linn 26 paniculata, MX 26 villosa, Linn 26 DIOSCOREACELE (cvii.) 26 Disporum, Salisb 45 Hooked, Torr 46 lanuginosa, Don 45 Menziesii, Don 45 Oregana, Wat 46 trachyearpa, Wat 46 Distich lis, Ratin 221 maritima, Raf. 221 var. stricta, Tlmrb 221 Dodecatheon 340 frigidum, Cham. & Schlecht. . 340 Hendersonii, Gray 340 Jeffreyi, Moore 340 Mead-ta, Linn., var. frigidum, Macoun 34a var. lancifolium, Macoum. 340 var. rnacrucarpum 340 Draba 305 androsacca 305 arabisans, Michx 305 Fladnizensis, Wulf. 305 incana, Linn 305 var. arabisans, Wats 305 Dryoptei'is Novt'boracensis, Gray . . . 271 Dulichium, Pers 94 Oniadcnse, Pers 94 spathaceum, Pers 94 Dupontia, R. Br 228 Cooleyi, Gray 228 Fischeri, K. Br 228 1 isilosantha, Kupt 228 Eatoniu, Raiin 218, 394 obtusata, Gray 218, 394 sub-var. kcrlerioides 394 IV.nnsylvanica, Gray 218, 394 Echinodorus, Rich 79 parvulus, Engelm 79 ^nliiilntim, Engelm 7!) Echinospermum. . 341 hispidmn, Gray 344 Eleocharis, we Ileleocharis. Elodea, Michx 1 < 'unadense, Planchon 1 Elodes, Adns 313 campanula!*, Pursh 313 PAGE Virginica, Nutt 313 Elsholtzia, Willd , . 349 cristata, Willd 349 Elyinus, Linn 245, 397 Americanus, Vasey & Scrib.. 245 arenarius, Linn 245 var. /I villosus, E. Meyer. 246 Ganadensis, Linn 245 var. glaucifolius, Gray . . . 246 Columbiana 247 condensatus, Presl 246 dasystachys, Trin 246 glaucifolius, Willd 246 hystrix, Linn 248 Macounii, Vasey 246, 398 mollis, Trin 246 nitidus, Vasey 397 Sibiricus, Linn 245 striatus, Willd 247 villosus, Muhl 247 Vancouverensis, Vasey 247 Virginicus, Linu 247 var. (3. submuticus, Hook, 247 villosus, Muhl. 247 Elyna caricina, Mert. & Koch 108 spicala, Schrad 108 Epilobium 323 Epipactis, R. Br 12 Americana, Lindl 12 comvallarioides, Pursh 7 gigantea, Dougl 12 Equisetum, Linn 249 arvense, Linn 249 var. campestre, Milde 249 , fluviatile, Linn 249 liyemale, Linn 252 hyemale, Hook 251 laevigaium. A. Braun 251 limosum, Linn 251 var. /X candelabrum, Hook, 250 littorale, Kuhl 251 palustre, Linn 250 var. polystachyum, Hook, 250 prateuse, Ehrh 249 ramosissimuin, Desf. 252 robustum, A. Braun 251 scirpoidea, Miclix 252 sylvaticum, Linn 250 Telmateia, Ehrh 249 uliginosum, Pursh 251 umbrosum, Willd 249 variegatuin, Schleicher 252 variegatum var. /X, Hook 252 Eragrostis, Beauv 219 Fendleri, Steud 224 major, Host 219 minor, Host 219 poveoides, Beauv 219 var. megastachya, Gray. . . 219 Purshii, Schrad 219 INDEX. 413 reptans, Nees .............. Eritoma cuspidata, Nutt ........... Erigeron ........................ flagellaris, Gray ............. ERIOCAULB^ (cxvi) ............... Eriocaulon .......... - ........... pelluddum, MX .............. septangulare, With .......... Eriopborum, Linn ............... alpinum, Linn ............... an gusti folium, Roth ........... angvatifolium, Torr ........... cxspitosum, Host ............. cttllitnx, Cham .............. capitatum, Host ............. var. ft. Hook ............. ChamissoniSjC. A. Meyer ...... cyperinnm, Linn ............ var. laxus, Gray ......... gracile, Koch ................ var. paucinervium, Eng... Hudsonianum, MX ........... lineatnm, Benth. & Hook ---- polystachyon, Linn .......... var. angnstifolium, Gray. var. ft. Michx .......... ". . var. lati/olium, Gray ..... russeolum, Fries ............. Scheuchzeri, Hoppe ........... vaginatum, Linn ............ var. 7. Hook ............ Virginicum, Linn ............ var. album, Gray ........ Eritricliium Calif ornicum, DC ..... Chorisianwn, DC ............. circwmscissum, Torr. & Gray . . crasfdsepalum, Torr. & Gray. . . fvlvum, A. DC ............... glomeratum, DC .............. var. humile, Gray ........ leiocarpum, Wat .............. leucophseum, A. DC. . ......... nanum, var. aretioides, Herder. plebeium, A. DC .............. Scauteri, A. DC ............... tendlum, Gray ............... Torret/i, Gray ................ Erythrrea, Rich ................. Centaurium, Pers ........... Erythronium, Linn ........... 41, albiduin, Nutt .............. Americanum, Smith ........ Dens-canis, MX .............. grandiflorum, var. (?) albi- florum, Hook ......... 41, var. giganteuin, Hook. 42, var. minor, Morren ...... var. rcvolutum. Baker.... var. Smithii, Hook ...... lanceolatum, Pursh ........... PAGE 21 9 193 334 334 92 92 92 92 102 103 106 1 06 103 104 104 104 104 102 1 02 106 106 103 103 1 05 106 105 105 104 104 103 104 105 105 344 344 345 345 345 345 345 345 345 344 344 345 345 346 342 342 364 41 41 41 365 365 42 41 41 41 PAGE propnllans, Gray 41 revohtlum, Smith 41 Eupatorium 332 purpureum, Linn 332 Euphorbia 354 Esula 354 hyperidfolia 354 Preslii, Guss 354 Eutriana curtipendula, Trin 21 6 oligostachyum, Kunth 216 Fagopyrum 354 Tartarictim, Gjertn 354 Fendlenria rhynchdytroidex, Steud . . 193 Ferula dixsolula, Wat 330 multifida, Gray 330 Festuca, Linn 233, 396 borcalis, Hook 229 brevifolia, R. Br 235 brommdes, MX 237 dislichopkylla, MX 221 duriuscula, Linn 233 elatior, Linn 234 finitans, Linn — 231 Macounii, Vasey 236 microstachy a, Nutt 234 var. diverge ns, Thurb... 234 var. pauci flora, Scrib 234 myurus, Linn 234 ncrvosa, Hook 227 nutans, Willd 234 occidentalis, Hook... 235, 237, 397 occidentalis 396 ovina, Linn 235 var. brevifolia, Wat. . - . . 235 var. duriuscula, Gray 233 var. polyphylla, Vasey.. 236 var. polyphylla 397 var. vivipara, Gray ...... 236 pauriflora, Thurb 235 Richardsoni, Hook 236 rubra, Linn 236 var. longearistata, Hack. 397 var. villosa, Vasey 236 rubra, var. I., Hook 230 scabrella, Torr 236 subulata, Bong , 237, 396 subulata, Bong 220 subuliflora, Scrib 396 tenella, Willd 237 FILICES (cxxi) 357 Flcerkia proserpinacoides 314 Fluminia, Fries 229 arundinacea, Fries 229 arundinacea, Trin 396 Fragaria 319 Virginiana, Duch. var. Illi- noensis, Gray 319 Fritillaria, Linn 40 Kamtschatcensis, Ker 40 lanceolata, Pursh 40 414 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE var. floribunda, Benth ... 40 pmlica, Spreng 40 Geranium 314 dissectum 314 Gaultheria 339 ovatifolia, Gray 339 Gentiana 341 alba 341 glauca,Pall 341 linearis, Froel var. lanceolata, Gray 341 var. Jatifolia, Gray 341 sceptruin, Griseb 341 Gilia 342 achillerefolia, Benth 343 aggregata, Spreng 342 eapitata, Dpugl 343 coronopifolia, Pers 342 linifolia, var. pharnaceoides, Gray 342 Glyceria, E. JBr 229, 396 airoides, Thurb 231 angustata, Fries 229 aquatica, Smith 230 arctica, Hook 230 arctica, j3. laxa, Dur 230 arundmacea, Kunth 230 arundinacea, Kunth 396 Canadensis Trin 230 distant, Wahl 231 var. airoides, Vasey..231, 396 elongata, Trin 231 festucseformis, Reich 232 fluitans, R. Br 231 glumaris, Ledeb 225 grandis, Watson 396 Lemmoni, Vasey 232 maritima, AVahl 232 Michtwurii, Kunth 232 nervata, Trin 232 obtusa, Trin 233 pallida, Trin. 233 pauci flora, Presl 233 pumila, Vasey 233 Glycosma occidentalis, Nutt 327 Godetia 323 hispidula, Wat 323 Goody era, R. Br 9 Menziesii, Lindl 10 pubescens, R. Br 9 repens, R. Br 9 GRAMINBJS (CXVIIL ) , 176 Graphephorum, Desv 228 Jestucaceum, Gray 229 melicoides, Beauv 228 Wolfii, Vasey 228 Gratiola 347 ebracteata, Benth 347 Grindelia 332 integrifolia 332 PAGE nana, Nutt 332 var. discoidea, Gray 332 Gymnogramrne, Desv 258 triangnlaris, Kaulf. 258 Gymnodenia (?) tridentala, Lindl.. 13 Gymnofitichnm hystrix, Sclirob 248 Gypsophila, Linn 308 paniculata, Linn 308 Habenaria, Willd 13, 363 blephariglottis, Torr 19 bracteata, R. Br 14 Chorisianus, Lindl 14 ciliaris, R. Br.,. 18 dilatata, Gray 15 elegans, Bolander 17, 363 fimbriata, R. Br 20 fcetida, Wat 17 gracilis, Wat 15 Hookeri, Torr. & Gray 17 var.oblongifolia,J.A. Paine 18 hyperborea, R. Br.- 14 lacera, R. Br 19 leucophsea, Gray. 19 leucostachys, Wat 16 macrophylla, Goldie 18 Menziesii, Lindl. 17 obtusata, Rich 16 orbiculata, Torr 18 orbiculata, Hook 17 psycodes, Gray 19, 363 psy codes X lacera 363 rotundi folia, Rich 12 sparsiflora, Wat 15 tridentata, Hook IS Unalaschensis, Wat 17 virescens, Spreng 13 viridis, R. Br., var. bracteata Reich 14 H-EMODORACE^E fciv.) 23 Heleocharis, R. Br 97, 372 acicularis, R. Br. . . 97 acuminata, Muhl 373 coespitosa, Link 98 compressa, Sulliv 96 compressa, Sulliv 373 intermedia, Schultes 96, 373 multicaulis, Hook 95 obtusa, Schultes 95 obtusa, Schultes 372 ovata, R. Br 372 palustris, R. Br 95 var. calva, Torr 96 var. glaucescens, Gray. . . 96 var. vigens, Bailey 373 var. Watsoni, Clarke 372 pauciflora, Link 98 pygmsea, Torr 97 Robbinsii, Oakes 95 rostellata, Torr., var. occi- dentalis, Wat 96 INDEX. 415 PAGE tennis, Schultes 97 tennis 373 Helianthella, Torr. & Gray 331 Donglasii, Torr. & Gray .">:>•! Helonias dioica, Pursh 43 paniculate, Nutt 53 tnwx, Pursh 43 Hemerocallis, Linn 33 fnlva, Linn 33 Hesperoscordon Lewisii, Hook 34 Heterantbera, Ruiz 54 graminea, Vahl 54 Heterocodon 338 rariflorum, Nutt 338 Heterostyltts gramineus, Hook 81 Hieracium 336 aurantiacum, Linn 336 cynogloesoides, Arvet 337 panicnlatum, Linn 337 Filosella, Linn., var. Peleter- ianum, Mer 336 Hierochloa, Gmel 187 alpina, Roem. & Schnltz 187 borealis, Rocm- & Scbultz 187 pauciflora, R. Br 188 Hipopitys 340 fimbriata, Gray 340 Holcus, Linn . 211 alpinus, Wahl 187 fragrans, Pursh 187 lanatus, Linn 211 odomlus, Linn 187 Hordeum, Linn 243 jubatum, Linn 243 maritimum, With 244 murinum, Linn 244 nodosum, Linn 244 pratense, Huds 244 pusillum, Nutt . . v 244 Hosackia 316 bicolor, Dougl 316 Purshiana, Benth 316 subpinnata, Torr. & Gray 317 HYDROCHARIDACE.E (en.) 1 Hydrocotyle 324 umbellata, Linn 324 Hydrophyllum 343 capitatum, Dougl 343 occidentale, Gray, var. Fend- leri, Gray 343 Virginicum, Linn 343 Hydroporum verticillalum, Nees. . . 108 Hydropyrum esculentum, Link 183 Hypericum 312 anagalloides,Cham.& Schlecht 313 anagalloides, Macoun 312 Ascyron, Linn 312 Canadense, Linn, var. mini- mum, Chois 312 corymbosum, Muhl 312 PAGE formosum, HBK,var. Scouleri, Coulter 313 maculatnm, Walter 312 pyramidatum, Ait 312 Scoulcri, Hook 313 Hyssopus 350 officinalis, Linn 350 Hypoxys, Linn 26 Carolinianwn 26 erecta, Linn 26 Ilex 315 verticillata, Gray, var. tenui- folius, Eaton & Wright.. 315 Ilysantbes 348 gratioloides, Benth 348 riparia, Raf 348 lonidum concolor, Benth. & Hook 307 IRIDACE^E (cv.) 23 Iris, Linn 23, 364 caurina, Hook 24 Hookeri, Penny 24 lacustris, Nutt 24 prismatica, Pursh 364 prismatica, Pursh 24 Sibirica, Linn 24 tenax, Dougl 24 tridentata, Hook 24 versicolor, Linn 23 Virginica, Linn 24 Virginica, Pursh' 23 Virginica, Linn 364 Isoetes, Linn 292 Bolanderi, Engelm 293 echinospora, Durieu, var. Braunii, Engelm 292 lacustris, Linn 292 maritima, Underwood 293 Nuttallii, A. Braun 293 riparia, Engelm, var. Cana- densis, Engelm 293 Tuckermani, A. Braun 293 Isolepis leptocaulis, Torr 176 riparia, R. Br 176 Juniperus 261 communis, Linn, var alpina, Linn 361 JuKCAc&as (ex.) 55 Juncus, Linn 55, 365 acuminatus, MX., var. a. legi- timus, Engl 62 acuminatus, MX 62 acuminatus, Torr 63 acutiflorus, Hook 61, 62 var. ft. minor, Hook 63 alpinus, Villars, var. insiguis, Fries 62 articulatus, Linn 61 var. pdocarpus, Gray 62 arcticus, Willd 57 416 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE var. (?) < >himleri, Engelm 366 bufonius, L 60 var. fascicnliflorus, Boiss. 70 campestris, Willd 67 Canadensis, J. Gay, var. a. coarctatus, Engelm 63 var. rf. longecaudatus. . . . 64 Cnnadi-tisit, \. J. Gay 63 castaneus, Smith 58 Conradi, Gray 61 Drumrnondii, E. Meyer... 57, 366 echinatus, Muhl 63 effusus, Linn 55 var. brunnens, Engel.. 55, 365 var. conglomerates, Gr. . 55 ensifolius,, var. major, Hook. . . 64 var. minor, Hook 64, 65 falcatus, E. Meyer 60 var. paniculatus, Engelm. 366 filiformis 55, 365 Jtuitans, MX 61 fratemu*, Kunth 62 Gerardi, Lois 60, 366 glaucus, Rich 56 Greenii, Oakes & Tuck 59 Lescurii, Bol 57 longistylis, Torr 60, 366 marginatus, Rostk.,var. pauci- capitatus, Engelm 61 megacephalus, Wood 63 mdanocarpus, Michx 66 Jlfenziesii, Gray 60 Menziesii, R. Br 60 Mertensianus, Bong. 64 var. ft. paniculatus, Engel. 64 militaris, Bigelow 62 Nevadensis, Wat 65 nodosus, var. a. genuinus, Engelm 63 var. megacephalus, Torr.. 63 nodosus, Linn 63 oxymeris, Engelm 366 paradoxus, Gray 64 paradoxus, E. Meyer 62 Parryi, Engelm 57 pelocarpus, E. Meyer 61 var. y. (?) subtilis, Eng. . . 61 pelocarpus, Gray 62 phceocephalus, var. gracilis, Engelm 65 PAGE polycephalus, var. crassifolius, Hook ................... 65 var. (3. paradoxus, Torr. . . 64 var. ft. tenuifolius, Hook. . 63 Richardsonianus, Rosm. and Schult -. ............... 62 Rostkovii, La Harpe ......... 63 stygius, L ................... 58 supiniformis, Engelm ........ 65 tenuis, Willd ......... ....... 59 var. y. congestus, Engelm. 59 var. /3. secundus, Engelm. 59 trifidus, Jjinn. . . . ............ 58 triglumis, Linn .............. 58 uliginosus, var. minor. Hook.. . 62 var. ft. subtilis, Hook ..... 61 Vaseyi, Engelm ............ 58 xiphioides, E. Meyer, var. a. littoralis, Engelm ........ 65 var. a. littoralis, Eiiirelm.. 366 var. <$. macranthus, E}ng.. 65 var. macranthus, Macoun. 366 var. 7. montanus, Engelm 64 var. f. triandrus, Engelm 65 xiphioides .................... 365 Kobresia, Willd ....... . ......... 108 caricina, Willd .............. 108 globularis, Dew ............... 109 scirpina, Willd .............. 108 Kochia, Roth .................... 351 scoparia, Schrad ............. 351 Kceleria, Pers ................... 217 cristata, Pers ................ 217 var. gracilis, Gray ....... 218 var. major, Vasey ....... 218 (?) Pennsylvania, DC ......... 218 truncata, Torr ................ 218 Krynitzkia, Fisch. & Meyer ...... 344 Californica, Gray ............ 344 Chorisiana, Gray ........... > 344 circumscissa, Gray .......... 345 crassisepala, Gray ........... 345 glomerata, Gray ............. 345 leiocarpa, Fisch. & Meyer. . . . 345 leucophsea, Gray ............. 345 plebeia, Gray ................ 344 sericea, Gray ................ 345 Scouleri, Gray ............... 345 Lamium ......................... 350 amplexicaule, Linn .......... 350 maculatum, Linn ............ 350 purpureum, Linn ............ 350- Larix ........................... 363 Americana, MX ............. 363 occidentalis, Nutt ............ 363 Jioottii, Lawson .............. 276 cristata, Presl ................ 273 dilatata, Presl ............... 275 Mix-mas, Presl .............. 274 TNDEX. 417 PACE fragraw, Presl 276 tooldieana, Presl 273 intermedia, Presl 275 marginalis, Presl 274 montana, Moore 272 Noi'cboracensis, Presl 271 Oreopleris, Presl 272 rigida, Presl 274 spinulosa, Presl 275 var. dilcitala, Lawson 275 Thelyptcris, Presl. 272 Lathyrus 318 Nuttallii, Wat 318 venosiiK. 318 Ledum 339 glandulosum, Nutt 339 Leersia, Swartz 184 ory zoides, Swartz 1 84 Virginica, Willd 184 Leimanikium hybridum, Roern 51 Niittallii, Hook 53 Lemna. Linn , . . 74, 368 minor, Linn 75 minor, Linn 368 polyrrhiza, Linn 75 poliirrhiza, Linn 368 trisulca, L 74 LEMNACE.E (cxiu.) 74 Leptunthus gramineus, MX 54 Leptotenia, Nutt 330 dissecta. Nutt 330 muitifida, Nutt, 330 Lepturus paniculatus, Nutt 215 Leequerella, Watson 305 arctica, Wat 306 var. Purshii, Wat 306 Doaglasii, Wat 306 Ludoviciana, Wat 305 var. arenosa, Wat 305 Ligusticum 327 Grayi, 0. & R 327 Lilsea, Humb. & Bonpl 81 subulata, HBK 81 LlLIACBAB (CVIII.) 26 Lilium, Linn 38 Canadense, Linn 38 va,T.parviflorum, Hook 39 var. superbum, Elwes 39 Carolinianum, Michx 39 Columbianum, Hanson 39 pardalinum, var. Burgcei, Baker 38 parvum, Kell 39 Philadelphicum, Linn 38 Phtiaddphicwm, var. ft. Hook. . 39 pudicum, Pursh 40 superbum, Linn 39 umbellatum, Pursh 38 Liinnanthes ". . 314 Douglasii 314 Macounii, Trelease 314 PAGE Limnetes rynoxuroideg, MX 182 juncea, Pers 182 Limodorum tuberosum, MX 10 Limosella 347 aquatica, Linn. var. tenuifolia, Hoffm 347 Linum 314 Lewisii, Pursh 314 perenne, Linn 314 var. Lewisii, Eat. and Wright 314 Liparis, Rich 3 Loeselli, Rich 3 Listera, R. Br 6 convallarioides. Nutt 7 cordata, R. Br 6 Eschwholtziana, Cham 7 Lloydia, Salisb 42 serotina, Reich 42 Lolium, Linn 240 perenne, Linn 240 temulentum, Linn .... 240 Lomaria, Willd 263 spicant, Desv 2»>3 Luina 335 hypoleuca, Benth 335 Lupinus 315 aridus, Doug] 315 micranthus, Dougl 315 var. tricolor, Wat 315 var. microphyllus, Wat.. 315 microcarpus, Sims 315 Luzula, DC 65, 366 arcuata, Hook 69 campestris, Desv 68 var. a. vulgaris, Hook. ... 67 var. ft. pallescens, Hook.. 67 comosa, Hook 67 var. 7. comosa, E. Meyer. 68 var. congesta, Wat 68 var. congesta, Meyer 68 var. macrantha, Wat 68 var. subsessilis, Wat 68 divaricata, Wat 66 hyperborea, R. Br., var. a. major, Hook 68 var. ft. minor, Hook 69 melanocarpa, var. ft., Hook ... 65 parviflora, var. melanocarpa, Gray , 66 pilosa, WiHd 67 pilosa, Willd 366 spadicea, DC 3b6 var. melanocarpa, E. Meyer 66 var. parviflora, Meyer. 65, 366 var. sub -congesta, Wat.. 66 spadicea. 65 spicata, Desv 86 vernalis, DC 366 418 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. PAGE Lychnis data 309 LYCOPODIACE^E (cxxi.) 287 Lycopodium, Linn 287 alpinum, Linn 291 annotinurn, Linn 289 var. alpestre, Hartm 289 var. puugens, Spreng 289 clavatum, Linn 290 var. /3. monostachyon, Hook 290 var. 86 didymus, Wall 369 diversifolius, Hook 83 filiformis, Pursh 83 flabellata, Bab 371 fluitans, Roth 369 Jiuitans, Pursh 83 Friesii, Rupr 371 gramineum, MX 86 gramineus, Linn 84 var. graminifolius, Fries. 84 var. heterophyllus, Fries. 84, 370 var. maxim us, Morong.. 84 nminem 370 erophyllus, Schreb 370 heterophyllus, Schreb 84 hybridns, MX 83 lucens, Linn 85, 370 var. acuminalus, Schun . . 371 var. minor, Notte 85 lucens, MX 85 lonchites, Tuck.. 83 lonchites, Tuck 368, 370 var. Americanus 368 marinus, Linn 88 var. Macounii, Morong.. 88 var. ocddentalis 88 microstachys 369 PAGE mucronatus, Schrad 88, 371 natans, Linn 81 var. fluitans, Torrey 83 var.'/?., Hook 82 var. prolixus, Koch 82, 369 Magarensis, Tnck 87 Oakesianus, Tuck 82 obtusifolius, Mert. & Koch.86, 370 obtusifolius , 88 pauciflorus, Pursh 86 var. Niagarensis, Gray . . 87 pectinatus, Linn 88, 372 var. «., Hook. . '. . ; 88 var. p., Hook 88 var. latifolius. Wat . 88 var. (?) latifoliw, Robbins 89 var. longissimus, Mertens and Koch 372 var. pseudo-marinus, Ben- nett 372 forma, salina, Voch 372 var. tenuissimus 89 pectinatus, Ledeb 371 Pennsylvanicus, Cham 369 perfoliatus, Linn 85 var. lanceolatus, Robbins 86 var. lanceolatus, Robbins. 370 var. Richardsonii, Bennett 370 prselongus, Wulfen. 85 pumilus, Wolfgang 369 pusillus. Linn 87 var. elongatus. Bennett . . 371 var. major, Fries 88 var. panormitanus, Biv . . 87 var. vulgaris, Fries 87 pusillum, Hook 86 Robbinsii, Oakes 89 rufescens, Schrad 83 rufcscens, Schrad 369 rutilans, Wolfgang 371 rutilus, Wolfgang 88, 371 serotinusj Schard 369 setaceus, Pursh 83 spirillus, Tuck 83 vaginatus, Turcz 371 Vaseyi, Robbins 82 Zizii, Roth 85, 370 var. methyensis, Bennett 370 zosterifolius, Schum 86 Poterium 319 annuuin, Nutt 319 Sanguisorba, Linn 319 Sitchense, Wat 319 Pothos fcetidus, Pursh 73 Primula 340 Egaliksensis, Hornem 340 Sibirica, J acq 340 Frinos verticillatus, L 315 Prosartes Hookeri, Torr 46 lanuginosa, Don 45 INDEX. 423 PAGB Menziesii, Don 45 Oregana, Wat 46 trachycarpa, Wat 46 Primus 318 Virginiana, Linn., var. (?).... 318 Psamma littoralis, Beauv 208 Psilocarpus, Nutt 334 Oreganus, Nutt., var. elatior, Gray 334 tenellus, Nutt 334 Pteris, Linn 262 aquilina, Linn 262 var. lanuginosa, Bong — 262 atropurpurea, Linn 260 gracilis, MX 260 lanuginosa, Bong 262 Pycnanthemum 349 muticum, Pres., var. pilosum, Gray 349 Quercus 355 ambigua, MX 356 coccinea, Wang., var. ambigua, Gray 356 Garry ana, Dougl 355 Jacobi, R. Br 355 obtusiloba, Michx 356 rubra 356 stellata, Wang. 356 Ranunculus 296 acriformis, Gray 298 acris, Hook 298 aquatilis, Linn 297 var. heterophyllvs 297 var. stagnatilis 296 circinatus, Sibth 296 Eschscholtzii, Schlecht 297 Flammula, Linn., var. inter- medius, Hook 297 var. reptans, Meyer 297 hebecarpus, Hook. & Am 298 hederaceus 297 hispidus, Michx 298 multifidus, Pursh., var. terrestris, Gray 297 multifidus, var. (3., Hook 297 var. y. repens 297 muricatus 299 nataris, C. E. Meyer 297 Nelsoni, Gray 299 var. tenellus, Gray 299 nivalis, var. Eschscholtzii, Wat. 297 occidentalis, Nutt 299 var. Lyallii, Gray 299 var. robustus, Gray 299 var. tenellus, Gray 299 occidentalis, Gray 299 parvulus, Linn 299 Pcnnsylvanicus 298 rcpens, Linn., var. hispidus , Torr. &Gray 298 PAGE reptans, Linn 297 septentrionalis, Poir 298 Reboulea gracilis, Kunth 218 Reseda, Tourn 307 alba, Linn 307 RESEDACE.E (cxvn.) 307 Rhamnus 315 Pursbiana, DC 315 Rhus 315 aromatica, Ait 315 Canadensis, Marsh 315 Rhynchospora, Vahl 1C6 alba, Vahl 107 alba p. fusca, Pursh 106 capillacea, Torr 107 fusca, Rcem. & Schultes 106 glomerata, Vahl ] 07 Romanzoffia 343 Sitchensis, Bong 343 Rosa 319 aciculans, Lindl 320 var. Bourgeauiana,Crepin. 320 Engelmanni, Wat 319 micrantha 320 pisocarpa 320 rubiginosa 320 Sayii, Schwein..., 320 Woodsii, Lindl 320 Woodsii, Wat 320 Rubus 319 neglectus, Peck 319 stellatus, Smith 31 9 strigosus x leucodermis ..... 319 Rumex 354 Brittanica, Linn 354 occidentalis 354 orbiculatus, Gray 354 Patientia, Linn 354 Ruppia, Linn 90, 372 lacustris 372 maritima, Linn 90, 372 Sagittaria, Linn 77, 368 calyciria, Engel, var. spon- giosa, Engelm 78 gracilis, Pursh 78 graminea, MX 79 hastata, Pursh 78 heterophylla, Pursh 78 var. rigida, Engelm 79 latifolia, Willd 77 obtusa, Willd 77 rigida, Pur^h 79 sagittifolia, MX 77 sa'gittifolia, Pursh 77 var. angustifolia, Hook . 77, 78 var. macrophylla, Hook . . 77 var. simplex, Hook 79 variabilis, Engelm 77, 368 var. angustifolia, Engelm 78 var. diversifolia, Engelm 78 424 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. var. gracilis ..... Engelm var. hastata, Engelm ---- var. latifolia ......... var. obtusa, Engelm ..... var. pubescens, Engelm . PAGE 78 77 77 77 78 Salix ........................... 356 acutifolia, Hook ............. 358 arbusculoides, Anders ....... 358 arctica, Pallas ............... 359 arctica, R. Br ............... 356 var. petr