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CATALOGUE

OK THE

COLLECTION

BIRDS' EGGS

IX THE

BRITISH MUSEUM,

VOLUME IV.

LONDOI^ :
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.

1905.

{All rights reser vecL)

VKIXTED BY TAYLOR AND FEANCIS,

liKB LION COriiT, FLEET STREET.

CATALOGUE

OF THE

COLLECTION

OP

BIRDS' EGGS

IN THE

BRITISH MUSEUM

(NATURAL HISTORY).

VOLUME IV.
CARINATiE (PASSERIFORMES continued).

BY

EUGENE W. GATES.

ASSISTED BY

CAPT. SAVILE G. itEID; • \^^

LONDON:
PRINTED BY ORDEB. OF THE TRUSTEES.

SOLD BY

LONGMANS & Co., 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, E.G.;

B. QUARITCH, 15 PICCADILLY, W.; DULAU & Co.. 37 SOHO SQUARE, W.;

KEGAN PAUL & Co., 43 GERRARD STREET, W. ;

AND AT THE

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), CROMWELL ROAD, S.W.

1905.

■•aV

\.'

<^y^

^^ -

P E E F A C E.

I HAYE again been indebted to Captain Savile G. Eeid for his
assistance in the preparation of the present volume, and for
the additions which he has made to Mr. Gates' original MSS. The
valuable collections which the Museum has received during the
past two years have greatly added to the importance of the
present volume. The donations of Mr. W. Ead cliff e Saunders and
Mr. C. B. Rickett have been especially valuable.

E. RAY LANKESTEE,

Director.

British Museum (Natural History),
February 22, 1905.

41S490

INTRODUCTION.

The fourth volume of the Catalogue of Eggs corresponds with the
fourth volume of Dr. Bowdler Sharpe's ' Hand-list of Birds.'

The total number of species is 620, and the number of eggs
catalogued 14,917, as shown in the following table : —

No, of specimens
Family. No. of species. of eggs.

Timeliid^ 166 1873

Troglodytid^ 37 481

Cinclid£e 8 105

Mimid^ 21 306

Turdid^ 73 3795

Sylviidffi 149 5173

Vireonidge 12 93

Ampelidae 2 56

ArtamidfB 9 129

Vangid» 2 11

Prionopidae 17 144

Laniidte 65 1466

Paridse 37 702

Chamaeidae 1 3

Regulidffi 5 250

Sittidse 11 232

Certhiidge 5 98

Total 620 14,917

I am indebted to Mr. W. E,. Ogilvie-Grant for much kind
assistance in cataloguing and arranging the specimens in the
present volume.

SAYILE G. REID.

February 20, 1905.

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

Sub-Class CARINAT-ffi.

Order PASSERIFORMES.

Sub-Order Acromyodi
(continued).

Passeres Noi' males (continued).

Family Timeliid^e.

Page

Ortbonyx, Temm 1

temniincki, Vig. 8f Horsf. . 1

Cinclosooia, Vig. 8f Horsf. . . 1

punctatum {Lath.) 1

castanonotum, Gould .... 2

Eupetes, Temm 2

pulcher, Sharpe 2

incertus, Salvad 3

lorige, Salvad. 3

Drymaoedns, Gould 3

superciliaris, Gould 3

Hylacola, Gould , 4

cauta, Gould 4

Psop bodes, Vig. 8f Horsf. . . 4

crepitans {Lath.) 4

Pterorbinus, Swinh 4

davidi, Swinh 4

Trosbalopterum, Blyth .... 6

variegatum ( Vig.) 5

erytbrocepbalum (Vig.) . . 5

nigrimentura, Hodgs .5

rufigulare ( Gould) 6

squamatiim {Gould) .... 6

ellioti, J. Verr 7

pboeniceiim {Gould) .... 7

cacbinnans (Jerd.) 8

fairbanki, Blanf. 8

canorum {Linn.) 9

taivanum (Swinh.) 9

lineatura ( Vigors) 9

virgatum, Godwin-

Austefi 10

VOL. IV.

Page

lantbocincla, Gould 10

cinereiceps {Sty an) 10

Argya, Less 10

subrufa {Jerdon) 11

earlei (Blyth) 11

caudata {Drap.) 11

squamiceps {Cretzschm.) . 12

gularis {Bli/th) 13

fulva {I)esf.) 13

acacisfi {Licht.) 13

malcolmi {Sgkes) 13

Pomatorbinus, Horsf. 14

montanus, Horsf. 14

borneensis, Cab 14

scbisticeps, Hodgs 15

olivaceus, Blgth 15

melanurus, Blyth 15

horsfieldi, Syhes 15

temporalis, Vig. ^ Horsf. 16
euperciliosus, Vig. Sf

Horsf. 16

rubeculus, Goidd 17

ferruginosus, Blyth .... 17

pbayrei, Blyth 17

stenorhyncbus, Godwin-

Au.<iten 18

musicus, Swinh 18

ruficollis, Hodgs 18

bypoleucus (Bly*h) .... 18

erytbrogenys, Vig 19

macclellandi, Jerdon .... 19

Xipborhampbus, Blyth .... 19

superciliaris, Blyth .... 19

Garrulax, Less. 20

leucolopbus, Hardw. . . 20

belangeri, Less. 20

albigularis (Gould) .... 21

pectoralis Gould) 21

moniliger (Hodgs.) .... 21

picticollis, Swinh. ...... 22

gularis {McCLell.) 22

b

SYSTEMATIC IXDEX.

Page

Stactocichla, Sharpe ii2

merulina {Blyth) 22

Grammatoptila, Beichenb. . . 23

striata ( Vig.) 23

Khinocichla, Sharpe 23

treacheri, Sharpe 23

Dryonastes. Sharpe 23

ruficollis(j: ^ S.) 23

iiuchalis {Godwin- Austen) 24

perspicillatus {Gmel.) . . 24

sannio {Siui77h.) 24

caemlatus (Hodgs.) .... 25

Crateropus, Swains 25

bicolor, Jard 25

' hartlaubi, Bocage 25

canoriis {Linn.) 26

griseus {Gmel. ) 27

striatus {Srvains.) 27

Calanianthus, Gould 27

fuliginosus ( Vig. 8fHorsf.) 27

canipestris {Gould) .... 28

Cinclorhamphus, Gould .... 28

cruralis ( Vig. ^^ Horsf.). . 28

nifescens ( t^ig. ^^ Horsf.). 29

Timelia, Horsf. 29

jerdoni, Wald 29

beagalensis, Godwin-
Austen 30

Pyctorhis, Hodgs 30

sinensis {Gmel.) 30

uasalis, Legge 31

Ophrvdornis, Bilttikofer .... 31

albigubris (Blyth) 31

Dumetia, Blgth 32

hyperythra, Franld 32

Spheiioeacus, Strickl 32

africaniis {Gmel.) 32

Pellorneum, Swains 33

mandellii, Blanf. 33

ruficeps, Swains 33

subochraceum, Swinh. . . 33

palustre, Gould 34

ignotuni, Hume 34

Byrnieria., Bomip 34

madagascaviensis {Gmel.). 34

Turdinus, Blgth 35

abbotti {Blyth) 35

sepiarius (Horsf.) 35

macrodactylus (Strickl.) . 36

Drymochsera, Finsch 36

badicep.'S, Finsch 36

Dryniocati'phus, Blyth .... 36

capistratus (Temm.) .... 36

nigricapitatus (Fyton) . . 37

capistratoides (Sirickl.) . . 37

tickelli (Blyth) 37

Page

assamensis, Sharpe 38

Setaria, Blyth 38

albigularis, Blyth 38

Xantbomixis, Sharpe 38

zosterops (Sharpe) 88

Nesobates, Sharpe 39

madagascariensis (Gmel.). 39

Anuropsis, Sharpe 39

malaccensis (Hartl.) .... 39

Crateroscelis, Sharpe 39

murina (Sclnt.) 39

Turdinulus, Hume 40

roberti (Godwin- Austen) . 40

Corythocichla, Sharpe 40

striata ( Walden) 40

Rimator, Blyth 41

malacoptilus, Blyth .... 41

AlcippB, Blyth 41

nipalengis (Hodgs.) ... 41

morrisonia, Sivinh 42

phfBocepbala (Jerd.) .... 42

{)bayrei, Blyth 43

lueti, David 43

Rhopocichla, Oates 44

atriceps (Jerd.) 44

nigrifrons (Blyth) 44

Proparus, Hodgs 44

vinipectiis [Hodgs.) .... 44

cinereiceps (J. Verr.) . . 45

Sdineniparus, Hume 45

rutigidaris (Mandelli) . . 45

diibius (Hume) 45

mandellii, Godwin- Austen 46

Pseudominla, Oates 4Q

castaneiceps ( Hodgs.) . . 46

Stacbyrhis, Hodgs. 47

nigri(;eps, Hodgs 47

borneensis, Sharpe 47

cbrysaia, Blyth 47

assimilis, Walden 47

Slachyrhidopsis, Sharpe .... 48

ruficeps (Blyth) 48

rutilrons (Hutne) 48

pyrrbops ( Blyth) 49

Mixornis, Hodgs 49

gularis (Bajl.) 49

woodi, Sharpe 49

rubricapilla (Tick.) .... 50

montana, Sharpe 50

Macronus, Jard. ^- Selh 50

ptilosus, Jard. ^' Selh. . . 50

striaticeps, Sharpe 50

Myiopboneus, Temm 51

temmincki, Vig 51

casruleus (Scop.) 62

borsfieldi, Vig . , 52

ETSTEMATIC INDEX.

n

Page

Arrenp-a, Lesii 52

bliglii, Holdsic 52

Bracliypteryx, Horsf. 53

albiventris, Blanf. 53

rufiveutris (Jerd.) 53

Heteroxenicus, Sharpe .... 54

criiralis {Bhjth) 54

sinensis {Rickett) 54

nipalensis, Moore 54

caroliniie (La Toitche) . . 55

Laniprolia, Finsch 55

victorife, Finsch 55

Sibia, Hodgs 55

picaoides, Kodgs 55

Lioptila, Blyth ..." 56

capistrata ( Vi(^.) 56

gracilis {McClell.) 56

melanoleiica (Blyth) .... 56

Actinodiira, Gotdd 57

egertoui, Gould 57

Stapbidia, Swinh 57

torqueola, Sivinh 67

everetd, Sharpe 58

castaneiceps [Moore). . . . 58

Siva, Hodf/s 58

cyauuroptera, Hodys 68

Yubina, Hodys 69

niurhnentum, Hodys 69

pallida, La Touche 59

Ixulus, Hodys 60

tiavicollis, Hodys 60

Liothvix, Sioains 60

calipygus, Hodys 60

liitPiis {Scop.) 61

Pterytbiiis, Swains 61

airalatus {Tickell) 61

erythropterus ( Viy.) .... 61

Myzornis, Hodgs 62

pyribura, Hodys 62

Mesia, Hodys (S'l

argent auris, Hodys 62

Conostoma, Hodys 62

semodium, Hodys 62

Panurus, Koch 63

biarmicus {Linn.) (3

Suthora, Hodys 63

webbiana, Gray 63

bulomacbus, Swinh 64

Scasorhynchiis, Gates 64

gularis (Gray) 64

ruficeps {Blyth) 65

Family Troglodytid.^.

Heleodytes, Cab 65

variegatus \Gmel.) 65

capistratus (Less.) 65

couesi (Sharpe) 6Q

affinis (Xantus) 66

Tbryophilus, Baird 67

longirostris ( Vieill.) 67

mcdestus (Cab.) 67

nigricapillus {Scl.) 67

Thryothoras, Vieill 68

liidovicianus (Lath.) .... 68

berland'eri, Baird 68

miamensis, Ftidyw 68

grenadensis, Laior 69

genibarbis, Swains 69

rutilus, Vieill 69

Thryomanes, Sclater 69

bewickii (Aud.) 69

spilurus ( Vigors) 70

Cistothorua, Cab 70

palustris ( Wilso?i) 70

paludicola, Baird 71

stellaris (A'num.) 71

platensis (Lath.) 71

Troglodytes, Vieill. 72

aedon, Vieill. 72

parkmanni, And 72

intermedius, Cab 73

striatuliis, Lafr 73

musculus, Naum 73

hornensi«, Less 74

Anorthura, Rennie 74

troglodytes {Linn.) ... 74

hirtensis (Seebohm) .... 75

borealis, J. C. H. Fischer 75

hiemalis ( Vieill.) 70

neglecta {Brooks) 76

Catberpes, Baird 77

mexicanns {Swains.) .... 77

Hemiura, Ridytv 77

solstitialis, Sclat 77

brunneicollis (Sclat). . . 77

Henicorhina, Sc/. 8f Salr. . . 78

leucophrys ( Tschudi). ... 78

Pnoepyga, Hodys 78

albiventris {Hodys.) 78

pusilla, Hodys 78

Family Cinclid^.

Cincliis, Bechst 70

aquaticus, Bechst 79

albieollis ( Vieill.) 79

cinelus (Linn.) 80

kashmiriensis, Gould .... 80

leucogaster, Bonap. .... 80

asiaticus, Swains. 80

Xll

SISTEMATIC IJyDEX.

Page

mexicanus, Swahis 80

pallasi, Temm 81

Family Mimidje.

Mimus, Boie 81

polyglottus {Linn.) .... 81

orpheus (Linn.) 82

triurus ( Vieill.) 82

longicaudatus (Tschudi) . 82

thenca {Molina) 83

modulator ( Gould) 83

gilvus ( Vieill.) 84

Oreoscoptes, Baird 84

inont^nws {Townsend) .. 84

Galeoscoptes, Cab 85

carolinensis {Linn.) .... 85

Toxostoma, Wagl 86

rufiim {Linn.) 86

cinereum {Xantus) .... 86

bendirei {Coues) 87

lougirostre {Lafr.) 87

curvirostre (Sivains.) .... 88

palmeri {Coucs) 88

redivivum {Gambel) .... 88

lecontei {Laivr.) 89

crissale {Henry) 89

Melanotis, Bonap 90

cserule.-cens (Swains.) . . 90

liypoleuciis, Hartl 90

Marg-arops, Sclat 90

fuscatus (rzW//.) 90

Family Turdid.^c.

Platycichla, Baird 91

flavipes ( Vieill.) 91

veneziielensis, Sharpe . . 91

Myiedestes, Swains 91

ralloides (d'Orh.) 91

Cochoa, Hodgs 92

viridis, Hodgs 92

Mimocichla, Scl. 92

rubripes {Temm.) 92

Merula, Leach 92

meriila {Linn.) 92

mandarina, Bonap 95

boiilboid {Lath) 95

albocincta, Boyle 96

serraiia ( Tschudi) 96

atrisericea (Lafr.) 96

samoensis, Ti'istr 97

nigrorum ( Ogihie-Grant) . 97

nigropileus {Lafr.) 98

simillima {Jerd.) 98

bourdilloni, Seebohm .... 99

kinnisi, Blyth 100

PuRe

ludoviciae, Lort Phillips. . 100

poliocephala {Lath.) .... 101

celaenops, Stejneger .... 101

erythropleura, Sharpe . . 102

rufiventer, Vieill. ...... 102

magellanica, King 103

falklandica (Q. (^ a) .. 103

grayi, Bonap 104

tristis {Sicains.) 104

leucauchen (Scl.) 106

albicollis, Vieill 105

gymnophthalmus, Cab. . . 105

amaiirochalina, Cab 106

maculirostris, Berlepsch . 106

ignobilis {Scl.) 106

plebeia, Cab 107

nigrirostris, Lcncr 107

fumigata, Licht 107

aurantia (Gmel.) 108

cardis (Temm.) 108

unicolor ( Tick.) 108

layardi, Seebohm 109

xauthopus {I'orster) .... 109

olivacea {Linn.) 110

Semimerula, Scl 110

fuscatra {d'Orb. 8f Lafr.) 110

gigas {Fraser) 110

Geocichla, Temm Ill

cyauonota {J. ^ S.) .... Ill

citrina {Lath.) Ill

wardi {Jerd.) 112

Cichloselys, Bonap 112

sibiricus (Pall.) 112

Oreocichla, Gould 112

dauma (Lath.) 113

nilgii'iensis, Blyth 113

papuensis {Seebohm) .... 113

limulata (Lath.) 114

mollissima {Blyth) 114

Zootbera, Vig 115

marginata, Blyth 115

Turdus, Linn 115

viscivorus, Linn 115

pilaris, Linn 116

pallidas {Gm.) 118

atrigularis (Temm.) .... 118

cbrj^solaus ( Temm.) .... 119

obscurus (Gm.) 119

torquatus {Linn.) 120

alpestris (Brehm) , 121.

castaneus, Gould 121

migratorius, Linn 1 22

propinquus, Ridgw 1 23

Hylocicbla, ^«w-e? 123

mustelina (Gm.) 123

fuscescens {Steph.) ...... 124

STSTEMATIC INDEX.

Xlll

Page

aWc'ise [Baird) 124

ustulata {Nutt.) 125

swainsoni ( Cab.) 125

pallasi ( Cab.) 125

guttata {Pall.) 126

iliaca {Liyin. ) 126

cobui'iii (Sharpe) 127

musica (Linn.) 127

Monticola, Boie 129

saxatilis {Lmn.) 129

Petrophila, Swains 129

cyanus {Linn.) 129

manilla {Bodd.) 130

ciuclorhyncha ( Vig.) .... 130

rupestris ( Vieill.) 131

erythrog-aster ( Vig.) .... 131

Accentor, Bechst 131

hiiualayanus {Blyth) . . . . 131
collaris {Scop.) 132

Tharrhaleus, Kaup 132

niodularis {Linn.) 132

montanellus {Fall.) .... 133

rubidus {T.^S.) 134

fulvescens {Sevei-tz.) .... 134
atrigularis {Brandt) .... 134
jerdoni (Brooks) 134

Ephthianura, Gould 135

albifrons {Jard. ^ Selby) . 135

tricolor, Gould . 136

aiirifrons, Gould 135

Henicurus, Temm 136

leschenaulti ( Vieill.) .... 136

imnmculatus, Hodys 136

schistaceiis, Hodgs 136

guttatus, Gould 137

niaculatus, Vig 137

Microcichla, Sharpe 138

scouleri ( Vig.) 138

Plioenicuru?, Forster 138

phoenicurua {Linn.) .... 138
mesoleucus {Hempr. Sf

Fhr.) 139

titys {Scop.) 139

rniiventris ( Vieill.) .... 140
semirufus {Hempr. Sf

Fhr.) 140

aiiroreus {Gm.) 140

erythronotus {Eversm.) . . 141
frontalis ( Vig.) 141

Diplootocus, Hartert 142

mo\xs?>\QYi {Olphe- Gall.) . . 142

Khyacornis, Blanf. 142

fuliginosa ( Vig.) 142

Cyanecula, Brehm 143

suecica {Linn.) 143

cyauecula ( Wolf) 144

Page

Aedon, Forst 144

megsrhyncha, Brehm . . 144

luscinia {Linn.) 146

golzii(Ca6.) 146

Erithacus, Cuvier 147

rubecula {Linn.) 147

superbus, Konig 148

akahige {Temm.) 148

Hodgsonius, Bonap 148

phoenicuroides {Hodgs.) . 148

Calliope, Gould 149

calliope {Pall.) 149

lanthia, Blyth 149

rufilata {Hodgs.) 149

Larvivora, Hodgs 149

cyanea (Pa//.) 149

brunnea, Hodgs 150

Adelura, Bonap 150

caerideocephala ( Vig.) . . 150

Notodela, Less 151

leucura (Hodgs.) 151

Thamnobia (Swai7is.) 151

caiubaiensis (Lath.) .... 151
fulicata {TAnn.) 152

Copsychus, Wagler 153

saularis {Linn.) 153

amcenus, Horsf. 154

Gervaisia, Bonap 154

albispecularis {Eyd. i^

Gerv.) 154

pica {Pelz.) 155

Cittocincla, Scl 155

macrura {Gm.) 155

luzoniensis {Kittl.) 156

Cossypha, Vig 156

catfra (Linn.) 156

Pseudocossyphus, Sharpe . . 156
sharpei {Gray) 156

Erytliropygia, A. Smith .... 157

coryphjieus {Less.) 157

leucoplirys ( Vieill.) .... 157

inunda ( Cab.) 158

poena, A. Smith 158

Pratincola, Koch 158

rubetra (Linn.) 158

rubicola (Linn.) 169

sybilla {Linn.) 160

maura (Pall.) 160

torquata {Linn.) 161

caprata {Linn.) 161

atrata, Kelaart 162

Oreicola, Bonap 163

ferrea {Hodgs.) 163

Cercomela, Bonap 163

fusca {Blyth) 163

asthenia, Bonap 164

XIV

SrSTEMATlC INDEX.

Page

Poliociclila, Sharpe 164

cinerea ( VieiU.) 164

sinuata (Sundev.) 16o

Saxicola, Bechst 165

familiaris, Steph 165

oenanthe {Linn.) 165

stapazina {Linn.) 167

caterinne, Whitnker .... 167

albicans, Wahlh 168

isabellina, Cretzschm 168

picata, Bhjth 169

monticola ( VieiU.) 169

lugeiis, Licht 169

persica, Seehohm 1 70

pleschanka [Lepech.) .... 170

leucura (6^w.) 170

deserti, Ttmm 171

melaiioleiica (Gilld.) .... 171

occidentalis, Salrad 172

finsclii, Heuf/l. 172

Campicolu, JSivains 173

pileala (Gin.) 173

Oatharus, Bonap 173

melpomene ( Cab.) 173

fi-antzii, Cab 174

phpeopleuius, Scl. 4" Salv. 174

Sialia, Swains 174

sialis {Linn.) 175

aziirea, Siuains 175

niexicana {Sicains. 8f

Bichavd^.) 175

occidentalis, Toivns 176

arctica, Swains 176

Family Sylviid.^.

Agrobate.^, Sivains

galactodes ( Temm.) . . .

familiaris (Menetr.) . . .
Locustella, Kanp

fluviatilis ( Wolf\

luscinioides {Savi)

nsevia {Bodd.)

lanceolata ( Tenim?) . . .
Acrocephalus, Namn

aquaticus {Temm.)

pliragmitis [Bechst.) . . .

turdoides [Meyer)

orientalis ( Temm.^ Schl.

stentoreus {Hempr.
Ehr.)

palustris {Bechst.) . .
streperus {Vieill.) . .
dumetorum {Bhjth)

176
176
177

178
178
178
179
180
180
180
181
181
183

183
183
184
185
186

F«ge

agricola {Jerd.) 187

baeticatus ( VieiU.) 187

syrinx [Kittl.) 1*57

Tribura, LLodgs 188

tlioracica [Blyth) 188

Lusciniola, Gray 189

melanopogou {Temm.) . . 189

Sutoria, Nicholson 189

sutoria ( Forsf.) 189

maculicoUis {Moore) .... 190

Orthotomus, Horsf. 190

atrigularis {Tetn^n.) .... 190
chloronotiis (Oyilvie-

Grant) 191

Cisticola, Kaup 191

ruficapilla, A. Smith .... 1 91

cisticola {Tetnm.) 191

briinneiceps ( Temm. 8f

Schl.) 193

cherina {A. Smith) .... 193

textrix ( Vieill. ) 193

exilis ( Vig. ^- Horsf.) . . 194

tinniens {Licht.) 194

strangei {Eraser) 195

natalensis {A. Smith) . . 195

liigubris, Bilp2J 195

SLibruticapilla {Smith) . . 196

Franklinia, Blyth 196

gracilis, Erankl '196

rufescens {Blyth) 197

buchanani [Blyth) 197

Laticilla, Blyth 198

hurnes'i, Blt/th 198

Nesillas, Oberholser 198

typica {Hartl.) 198

IdixAzi {Grandid.) 199

Spiloptila, Sundev 199

ocularis (A. Smith) 199

Megalurus, ITor.s/. 199

palustris, Horsf. 1 99

gramineus {Gould) .... 200

ruficeps, Tu-eedd 200

macrurus [Salvad.) .... 201

Schoenicola, Bh/th 201

platyura [Jerd.) 201

Brady pterus, Sivains 202

brachypterus ( Vieill.) . . 202

Chfetornis, Gray 202

locustelloides, Blyth 202

Calamocicltla, Sharps 202

newtoni, Hartl 202

lep torhy nc ha ( Fisch . ^

Reichenow) 203

Origma, Gould 203

rubricata, Lath 203

RY5TEMATI0 INDEX.

XV

Pa(je

Arundinax, miitli 20;^

aedoD [Pail.) 203

Hypolais, Brehm 204

hypoliiis {Linn.) 204

polyjrlotta ( Vieill.) 204

Tduna, Bonap 205

olivetorum (Gould) .... 20o
lanofuida ( Hempr. i^ Hhr.) 206
pallida {Hempr, ^ Ehr.) . 206

opaca {Cab.) 207

rama {Sijkes) 207

caligata' [Licht.) 208

Sylvia, Scop 208

nisoria, Bechst 208

Sylvia {Linn.) 209

icterops, Menetr 210

simplex, Lath 211

rueppelli, Temm 212

orpheus, Temm 212

ciirruca (Lifin.) 213

affinis, Bli/th 214

niystacea, Menetr 214

conspicillata, Temm 215

atricapilla (Linn.) 215

subalpina, Temm 216

Melizophilus, Leach 217

melanocephalu8 (Gmel.) . 217
iindatus {Bodd.) 218

Phylloscopus, Boie 219

sibilatrix {Bechst.) 219

trocliilus {Linn.) 220

bonellii (' Vieill.) 222

minor ( Forst.) 222

tristis, Blijth 223

tytleri, Brooks 224

Oreopneuste, SivinJi 224

affinis {Tickell) 224

fuscata {Bh/th) 225

neglecta, ILwne 225

Reguloides, Blijth 225

proreprulus {Fall.) 225

superciliosus (Gmel.). . . . 226
humei (Brooks) 226

Acinthopneiiste, Blasius . . 227

borealis (Bias.) 227

plumbeitarsus (Sioinh.). . 227

coronata ( Temm,) 227

occipitalis (Bhjth) 227

davisoni, Gates 228

Cbthonicola, Gould '228

sagittata {La^h.) 228

Acanthiza, Vig. 8f Horsf. . . 229
nana, Vig. <^ Horsf. .... 229

inornata, Gould 229

fusillA (White) 220

iiieinenensiS; Gould .... 230

Papje

apicalis, Gould 230

pyrrhopygia, Gould .... 230

iineata, Gorild 231

chrvsorrhoa (Quay 8f

Gaim.) 231

reguloides, Vig. 8f Horsf. 232

Sericornis, Gould 233

brunnea (Gould) 233

citreigubiris, Gould .... 233
frontalis ( Vig. ^- Horsf.) . 233
magiiirostris [Gould). . . . 234
humilis, Gould 234

Apalis, Swains 235

thoracica ( Shaw^-Noddcr) 235

Dryodrt)mas, Finsch ^- Hartl. 235
fulvicapilla ( Vieill.) .... 235

Neomixis, Shar2)e 235

tenella (Hartl.) 235

Scotocerca, Sandev 236

'm({m.Qi^ (Cretzschm.) .. 230
saharae (Loche) 236

Neornis, BUjth 237

iiavo-olivacea, Blyth .... 237

Horornis, Hodgs 237

fortipes, Hodgs 237

sinensis (La Touche) .... 237
bruunescens, Hume .... 238
cantans, Temm. Sj- Schl. . . 238
cantiirians (Swinh.) .... 238
diphone, Kiitl. 239

Cettia, Bonap 239

cetti (Marm.) 239

Suya, Hodgs 240

crinigera, Hodgs 240

atrigularis, Moore 240

khasiana, God win- Austen 241

Prinia, Horsf. 241

Havicans ( Vieill.) 241

maculosa (Bodd.) 242

mystacea, Il'iij)p 242

i..ornata, Sykes 242

blanfordi (Wald.) 243

extensicauda, Sivinh 244

sylvatica, Jerd 244

polychroa ( Temm.) .... 245

Burnesia, Jerd 245

flaviventris (Deless.) .... 245
soniians (Swinh.) . . ... 245
superciliavis ( Salvad.) . . 246
siibstriita [A. Smith) . . 246

socialis (Sykes) 246

gracilis (Cretzschm.) .... 247
lepida, hhfth 248

Malurus, Vieill 248

cyaneus (Elis) 248

gouldi, Sharpe 249

XVI

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

Phge

splendens {Q.^ G.) 249

leucopterus, Q.Sf G 250

lamberti, Vi(/. ^ Horrf. . 250

pulcherrimus, Gould .... 250
melanocephalus, Vig. S;-

Horsf. 250

dorsalis, Lewin 251

Stipitums, Less 251

malachiirii!3 (Shaio) .... 251

Bebrornis, Sharpe 252

rodericanus ( E. Newtoji) . 252

Spheuura, Licht 252

longirostris {Gould) .... 252

Family Vireonid^.

Vireo, Vieill 253

calidiis {Linn.) 253

olivaceus {Linn 253

fiavoviridis ( Cassin) .... 253

chivi ( Vieill.) 254

gilvus ( Vieill.) 254

swainsoni (Baird) 254

flavifrnns, Vieill 255

solitarius ( Wilson) .... 255

pliimbeus, Cones 255

noveboracensis {Gmel.) . . 255

belli, Auduh 255

modestus, Sol 256

Family AMPELiDiE.

Ampelis, Linn 256

garrulus, Limi 256

cedroriim ( Vieill.) 257

Family ARXAMiDiE.

Artamus, Vieill 257

leucog-aster (X^^//e?2C.) .. 257

mentalis. Javd 258

fuscus, Vieill 258

superciliosus (Gould) . . 259

personatus {Gould) .... 259

h^^poieucus, Sharpe .... 260

melanops, Gould. 260

sordidus {Lath.). 261

minor, Vieill . 261

Family VANGiDiE.

Abbottornis, Richmond .... 262

chabert {P. L. S. Mull.) . 262

Yanga, Vivill 262

curvirostria {Gmel.) .... 262

Page
Family PRiONOPiDiE.

Grallina, Vieill 263

picata {LMth.) 263

Hemipus, Hodgs 263

picatus {Sykes) 263

capi talis, McClell 264

Tephrodornis, Swains 264

pondiceriauiis {Gmel.) . . 264

pelvicus {Hodf/s.) ^Q^

gularis {Rafl.) 265

Eiirocephalus, Smith 266

ang-uitiraens, A. Smith . . 266

Collyriocichla, Vie/. 4' Horsf. 266

harmonica {Lath.) 266

rectirostris, Jard. <^' Selb. . 267

brunnea, Gould 267

rufiventris, Gould 267

Pinarolestes, Sharpe 268

parvulus {Gould) 268

gmildi {Gray) 268

rufiventris, Sharpe 268

vitiensis {Kartl.) 269

Ilypocolius, Bonap 269

ampelinus, Bonap 269

Family Laniid^.

Gvmnorhina, Gray 270

" tibicen {Lath.) 270

leuconota, Gray 270

byperleuca {Gould) 271

Cracticiis, Vieill 272

quoyi {Less. ) 272

nigrigularis ( Gould) .... 272

cassicus {Bodd.) 272

leucopterus, Gould 273

destructor ( Temm.) .... 273

cinereus {Gould) 274

Lanius, Linn 274

minor, Gm 274

excubitor, Linn 275

pallidirostris, Cass 275

labtora {Sykes) 276

algeriensis, Less. ...... 277

meridionalis, Temm 277

ludovicianus {Linn.).. . , . 278

excubitoroides, /Sf^J^m^. . . 278

anthonyi, Mearns 278

Phoneus, Kaup 279

nubicus {Licht.) 270

pomeranus (*Sj9rtn*w.) .. 279

rutiliis {Lath.) 281

Fiscus, Bonap 282

humeralis {Stanley) .... 282

SYSTEilATIC INDEX.

XVll

Page

collaris (Linn.) 282

exculjitorius (Prev. Sf Des

Mars) 283

caudatus {Cah.) 283

Enneoctoniis, Bonap 283

collurio [Lmn.) 283

vittatus ( Val) 28o

Cephaloplioneus, Fitz 285

bucephalus (Temm. ^-

Schleg.) 285

teplironotus ( Vig.) 286

erythronotus ( Vig?) .... 286

caniceps (Blgth) 287

schach {Linn.) 288

bentet (Horsf.) 288

nigriceps, Frankl 288

nasutus (Scop.) 289

Otomela, Bonap 289

plioenicuroides (Severtz.) . 289

cristata {Linn.) 290

isabellina (Zfem;;;-. ^-Fhr.) 290
superciliosa (Lath.) .... 290

Clilorophoneus, Cab 291

sulphureipectus {Less.) . . 291

Pelicinius, Boie 291

gutturalis (P. L. S. Mull.) 291

Rhodophoneua, Ileugl 292

cruentus (Hempr. 8f Fhr.) 292

Laniarius, Vieil/ 292

rufiventris, Sicains 292

atrococcineus {Burch.) . . 292
Pomatorliynchus, Boie .... 293

senegalus {Linn.) 293

blanfbrdi {Sharpe) 293

australis {Smith) 293

tschagra ( Vieill.) 294

Falcunculiis, Vieill 294

leucogaster, Gould 294

Oreoica, Gould 294

cristata {Lewin) 294

Pacbycephala, Vig. ^ Horsf. 295

torquata, Layard 295

rosseliana, Hartert 295

gutturalis {Lath.) 296

glaucura, Gould 296

chiorura, Gray 296

obscurior, Hartert 297

xanthetraea (Forst.) .... 297

rufiventris {Lath.) 297

olivacea, Viy. <^ Horsf. . . 298
xanthoprocta, Goidd .... 298

Ilyloterpe, Cah 299

philippinensis, Walden . . 299
Pachycepbalopsis, Salvad. . . 299

poliosoma, Sharpe 299

Eopsaltria, Stvains 299

VOL. IV.

australis, White 299

georgiana (Q. ^^ G.) 300

tiaviventris, Sharpe .... 300

Family Parid.e.

Poecile, Kaup 301

dresseri, Stejn 301

palustris (Linn.) 301

borealis (Selys-Longch.) . 301

lugubris ( Temm.) 302

cincta {Bodd.) 302

carolinensis (And.) .... 303

atricapilla (Linn.) 303

Sittiparus, Selys-Longch. . . 303

sieboldi^ Seebohm 303

Lophophanes, Kaup 304

cristatus {Linn.) 304

inomatus {Gambel) .... 305

Periparus, Selys-Longch 305

ater (Linn.) 305

britannicus {Sharpe S,-

Dresser) 305

melanolophus ( Vig.) .... 306

Machlolopbus, Cab 306

rex, David 306

Pardaliparus, Selys-Longch. . . 307
venustulus (Siuinh.) .... 307

Parus, Linn 307

minor, Temm. ^' Schleg. . . 307

major, Linn 307

cinereus, Vieill 308

bokhariensis; Licht 309

monticola, Vigors 309

Pentheres, Cab 310

?iier {Gmel.) 310

Cyanistes, Kaup 310

caeruleus {Linn.) 310

persicus [Blanf.) 311

ultramarinus {Bonap.) . . 311

teneriffse (Less.) 311

cyanus {Pall.) 312

yEgithaliscus, Cab 312

erythrocephalus {Vig.) . . 312

Psaltriparus, Bonap 312

minimus ( Toicnsend) .... 312

^githalus, Herm 313

caudatus (Linn.) 313

roseus {Blyth) 313

irbyi {Shar^je 4' Dresser) . 314
tephronotus {Giinfher) . . 314

Remiza, Stejn 314

penduliua {Linn.) 314

Anthoscopus, Boie 315

minutus (Lath.) 315

Auriparus, Baird. 315

fiaviceps (Sundev.) 315

c

XVIU

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

Page

Aphelocepliala, Oherh 316

leucopsis {Gould) 316

Splienostoma, Gould 316

cristatum, Goidd 316

Family Cham^id^.

Cliamaea, Gambel 317

fasciata (Gambel) 317

Family IIegulid^.

Regulus, Koch 317

regiilus {Linn.) 317

tenerifFse, Seehohm 318

ignicapillus (Brehm) .... 318
maderensis, Vernon Rar-

court 319

calendula (Linn.) 319

Family SiTxiDiE.

Sittn, Linn 320

cffisia, Mei/er ^ Wolf. ... 320

neumayeri, Michah 320

Page

teiphronotn,, Sharpe 321

kmeperi, Pe/z 322

whitehead!, Sharpe .... 322

castaneiventris, Frankl. . . 322

leucopsis, Gould 323

pjgmaea, Vig 323

Dendrophila, Sioains 323

frontalis, Swains 323

Neositta, Hellmayr 324

chrvsoptera {Lath.) .... 324

pileata {Gould) 324

Family Certhiid^.

Certhia, Linn 324

familiaris, Linn 324

hodgsoni, Brooks 325

Salpornis, Gray 325

spilonotus, Fra.nkl 325

Tichodroma, llliger 326

muraria {Linn.) 326

Climacteris, Temm 326

scandeus, Temm 326

CATALOGUE

OF

BIRDS' EGGS

VOL. IV.

Sub-Class CARINAT-ZE.

Order PASSERIFORMES.

Sub-Order ACROMYODI (continued).

PASSERES NORMALES (continued).

Family TIMELIID^.

Genus ORTHONYX, Temm.

Orthonyx temmincki, Vig. Sr Horsf.

Orthonyx spinicaudus, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 607 (1865) ;

North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 151 (1889).
Orthonyx spinicauda, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 329 (1883) ; Camp^

bell, Nests (^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 252 (1901).
Orthonyx temmincki, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 2 (1903).

The eggs of the Spiae-tailed Log-runner are of an elliptical form,
moderately glossy, and of a plain white colour. Three eggs measure
respectively : 1-U7 by '76 ; 1'13 by '8 ; 1-17 by -8.

1. New South Wales ( Wilson) Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales {Allen). Gould Coll.

Genus CINCLOSOMA, Vicj. S, Horsf. \

Cinclosoma punctatum {Lath.).

Cinclosoma punctatum, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxvii. fig. 6
(1845-54); Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 433 (1865); Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 332 (1883) ; North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr.

VOL. IV. B

>'^iiVrt\sp. -151; pt/^xi:^^riO (1889) ; Nehrk. KaL Eicrs^mmnl p. 58
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests 4' Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 254, pi. 10 (1901) ;
iSharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 2 (1903).

The eggs of the Spotted Ground-hird in the Collection vary in
form from an elongated to a broad oval. They have a considerable
amount of gloss. The gronnd is cream-coloured, and this is rather
closely and evenly spotted and blotched with olive-brown and very
dark chocolate, and equally numerous underlying markings of pale
purple-grey. They measure from 1*25 to 1*42 in length, and from
*91 to -96 in breadth.

1.

Australia.

Sir D. E. Cooper [P.].

2.

Australia.

Crowley Bequest.

2_

New South Wales.

Gould Coll.

2.

Western Point, Victoria, 28rd Oct.
{A. J. North).

Crowley Jiequest.

1.

Victoria.

F. A. Philbrick, Es(

[P.].

Cinclosoma castanonotum, Gould.
(Plate III. fig. 14.)

Cinclosoma castanotis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxvii. fig. 7, a, b

(1845-54).
Cinclosoma castaneonotum, Goidd, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 435 (1865).
Cinclosoma castanonotum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 333 (1883) ;

Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 256 (1901) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 2 (1903).

The eggs of the Chestnut-backed Ground-bird vary from a regular
to a blunt oval form and very closely resemble in coloration the eggs
of C. joKnctatum, being perhaps on the average rather more thickly
spotted. Five specimens measure from 1*18 to 1'25 in length, and
from -88 to -90 in breadth.

2. Australia (Tm^raw Co//.). Crowley Bequest.

1. West Australia, 9th Sept. Gould Coll.

2. West Australia, Sept. Gould Coll.

Genus EUPETES, Temm.

Eupetes pulcher, SJmiye.

Eupetes castanonotus, Salvad. pt. ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 340

(1883).
Eupetes pulcher, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 3 (1903).

An e%g of the Chestnut-backed Eupetes in the Collection is of a
broadish oval form. The ground-colour is pale pinkish brown,
somewhat heavily marked at the larger end with underlying blotches
of purple-grey, a few longitudinal streaks and dashes of which
colour also occur on the other parts of the surface ; the overlying
blotches, also longitudinal, of rich brown are evenly and not very
thickly distributed over the whole e^^. It measures 1-15 by -87
inch.

1. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.]. - ^-» - .

EUPETES. DRYMA(EDUS.

Eupetes incertus, Salvad.

Eupetes incertus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 341 (1883) ; id. Hand-l.
iv. p. 13 (1903).

An e^g of Salvadori's Eupetes in the Collection is white, with a
few underlying markings of pale lavender at the larger end, the
whole surface being sparingly dotted with dark madder-brown,
larger spots of which colour occur somewhat more thickly towards
the larger end. It is of a regular oval form, and measures 1'13 by
•82 inch.

1. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].

Eupetes loriae, Salvad.

(Plate III. fig. 11.)

Eupetes loriae, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 3 (1903).

The only e^g of the Black-throated Eupetes in the Collection is of
a regular oval form, with a very slight amount of gloss. The
ground-colour is a warm pinkish brown ; it is sparingly marked,
at the larger end chiefly, with longitudinal blotches of purple-grey,
the surface-markings being rich brown, mostly collected together at
the larger end in the form of an interrupted ring or zone of blotches
and spots. It measures 1*28 by '95 inch.

1. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].

Genus DRYMACEDUS, Gould.

Drymacedus superciliaris, Oould,
(Plate III. fig. 16.)

Drymodes superciliaris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 291 (I860) ;

North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 107 (1889).
Drymacedus superciliaris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 344 (1883) ;

Campbell, Nests ^' Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 262 (1901) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 4 (1903).

The eggs of the Eastern Scrub-Robin are of a broad, blunt oval
shape, and they have a small amount of gloss. The ground is of a
dull white colour; in one e^^ this is very thickly speckled and
spotted with brown and pale purple ; in a second egg the ground is
spotted and blotched with brown and pale purple, and far more of
the ground is visible than in the first egg. Two eggs measure
respectively : -98 by -68; 1-02 by -7.

2. Cape York, Australia, 17th Nov. Gould Coll.

(/. Macgillivray).

b2

4 TTMELTID.15.

Genus HYLACOLA, Gould.

Hylacola cauta, Gould,

(Plate III. fig. 17.)

Hylarola oaiita, Goidd, Ilandh. Birds Anstr. i. p. 347 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 347 (1883); Nehrh. Kat. Eiersamrrd. p. 58
(1899) ; Cainphell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 264, pi. 11
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 4 (1903).

An Q^^ of the Eufous-rumped Ground-Wren in the Collection is
of a broad oval shape and moderately glossy. It is of a purplish-
brown colour, mottled, almost entirely at the broad end, with a
darker shade of the same. It measures '86 by -65.

1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.C. [P.].

Genus PSOPHODES, Vig. 6f Horsf.
Psophodes crepitans {LatJi.).

Psophodes crepitans, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 312 (1864) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 350 (1883) ; North, Nests 8f Egqs Austr.
Birds, p. 72, pi. viii. fig. 7 (1889) ; Nehrh.Kat. Eiersam'ml. p. 68
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 265, pi. 11 (1901) ;
jSka7pe, Hand-l. iv. p. 5 (1903).

The eggs of the Coach- whip Bird are of a regular oval form and are
almost devoid of gloss. The ground is of an exceedingly pale greenish-
white colour or pale greenish blue, and this is sparingly marked,
except at the broad end of the egg, where the markings are more
numerous and form an indistinct cap, with specks, spots, small
blotches, and short scrawls of black and underlying pale purple.
They measure from 1*08 to 1*2 inch in length, and from '78 to
•83 in breadth.

2. Australia. Crowlev Bequest.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales, 4th July. Gould Coll.

2. Kichmond River, N.S.W., 20th Sept. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).
2. Gippsland, Victoria, Nov. W. Badcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
2. Whittlesea Ranges, Victoria, Dec. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
1. Bairnsdale, Victoria, 3rd Aug. Crowley Bequest,
{A. J. N.).

Genus PTEROEHINUS, Sivinh.

Pterorhinus davidi, Swinh.

(Plate III. fig. 18.)

Pterorhinus davidi, David 4" Oustalet, Ois. Chine, p. 187, pi. 50 (1877) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 353 (1883) ; Pleske in Prjev. Reistn,
Aves, p. 133 (1890) ; Ilartcrt, Nov. Zool. i. p. 672 (1894) ', Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 6 ^1903).

TROCnALOPTERFM. 5>

The eggs of David's Laughing-Thrush are elliptical in shape, with
a slight amount of gloss, and of a pale unspotted blue colour. They
measure 1-08 by '78 and 1-05 by '76 inch respectively.

2. Koko-Nor (Trmr/ Museum). Crowley Beque^st.

Genus TROCHALOPTERUM, BUjth,

Trochalopterum variegatum ( Vig,\
(Plate III. fig. 19.)

Trochalopterum variegatum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 359 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Inch, Birds, i. p. 95 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
4- JEf/ffs Ind. Birds, i. p. 59 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 6 (1903).

The eggs of the Eastern Variegated Laughing-Thrush are of an
oval form, and they possess a considerable amount of gloss. The
ground is of a greenish-blue colour, and this is speckled and spotted
with reddish and yellowish brown, of varying degrees of intensity.
In some eggs the markings are spread all over the shell, but are
most numerous at the thick end ; in others the markings are re-
stricted to one or two large spots and a very few specks, and the?e
arc so dark as to appear to be of a black colour. The eggs vary
from 1 to 1-15 in length, and from -76 to -82 in breadth.

2. Kotegarh, Himalayas, 30th April. Hume Coll.
2. Kotegarh, 22nd June. Hume Coll.

2. Kotegarh, 22nd June. Hume Coll.

Trochalopterum erythrocephalum {Vig.).

Trochalopterum erythrocephalum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 360
(1883) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 89 (1889) ; id. ed.
Hurne, Nests Sf Egqs Ind. Birds, i. p. 55 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 58 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 6 (1903).

The eggs of the Red-headed Laughing-Thrush do not differ from
those of T. variegatum. They measure from 1*14 to 1*21 in length,
and from '81 to -85 in breadth.

1. Kotegarh, Himalayas, 22nd June. Hume Coll.

1. Simla. Hume Coll.

2. Simla, June. Hume Coll.

1. Naini Tal, 4th June. Crowley Bequest.

Trochalopterum nigrimentum, Hodgs.

Trochalopteron chrysopterum, Jerd. Birds Ind. ii. p. 43 (1863).
Trochalopterum chrysopterum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 362

(1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 58 (1899).
Trochalopterum nigrimentum, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 91

(1889); id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 57 (1889) j

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 6 (1903).

The eggs of the Western YeUow- winged Laughing-Thrush closely

6 TlMELIIDiE.

resemble those of T. variegatum and 2\ evi/throcephalum, but the
markings are of a deep chocolate-brown colour. Some eggs are
nearly spotless ; and in others the markings are confined almost
entirely to the large end of the egg, some few markings assuming
the form of lines and scrawls. The eggs measure from 1"09 to 1*24
in length, and from -8 to -17 in breadth.

2.

Sikhim, 2nd June.

Crowley Bequest.

1.*

Mougphoo, Darjiling, 15th April
{J. Gammie).

Hume Coll.

3.

Mongphoo, 7th May {J. G.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Mongphoo, 15th May {J. G.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Mongphoo, 25th May (J. G).

Hume Coll.

2.

Mongphoo, 2nd June (J. G.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Darjiling, 17th May (Z. Mandelh).

Hume Coll.

5.

Darjiling, 18th May (i. M.).

Hume Coll.

Trochalopterum rufigulare {Gould).

Trochalopterum rufigulare, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 365 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 59 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 7 (1903).
lanthocincla rufigularis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 86 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 54 (1889).

The eggs of the Rufous-chinned Laughing-Thrush are usually
of an oval form, but a few are nearly perfect ellipses. They are
highly glossy and plain white. They measure from '91 to 1-15 in
length, and from '73 to '8 in breadth.

1.

Mussoorie (7\ Hutton).

Hume Coll.

2.

Mongphoo, Darjihng, 25th May
{J. Gammie).

Hume Coll.

3.

Mongphoo (J. G.).

Hume Coll.

3.

Darjiling.

Hume Coll.

1.

Darjiling, July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Darjihng, 20th July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Himalayas.

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Himalayas, 29tli May.

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Himalayas, 10th June.

Crowley Bequest.

Trochalopterum squamatum {Gould),

Trochalopterum squamatum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 367 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 96 (1889) ; id. ed. Hu7ne, Nests
^' Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 61 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 59
(1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 7 (1903).

The eggs of the Blue-winged Laughing-Thrush vary in form from
oval to elliptical. Many eggs are highly glossy, others are quite
dull, and all are of a spotless blue colour. They vary from 1-14 to
1*23 in length, and from '83 to '9 in breadth.

2. Sikhim. Hume Coll.

1. Sikhim, Crowley Bequest.

3. Darjiling {J. Ganunie , Hume Coll.

TROCHALOPTERUM. #

2. ilishap, Sikbim, 5000 feet, 10th Hume Coll.

Juue {J. G.).

2. Mongphoo, Darjiling (/. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Monfrphoo, 5000 feet, 25th April Hume Coll.

{J. G.).

2. Monorphoo, 4500 feet, 30th April Hume Coll.

{J. G.).

)

Trochalopterum ellioti, J. Verr.

Trochalopterum ellioti, Sharpe, Cat, Birds B. M. vii. p. 370 (1883) ; id.

Hand-l. iv. p. 8 (1903).
Trochalopteron prjevalskii, MenzUer, Ibis, 1887, p. 300.
Trochalopteron elliotti, Pleske in Prjev. Reisen, Aves, ii. p. 135 (1890).

The eggs of Prjevalski's Laughing-Thrush are pale blue with a
few dots aud spots at the larger end of reddish purple. They are
of a regular oval form, and have a small amount of gloss. Both
specimens measure 1*0 by '82 inch.

2. Koko-Nor {Tring Mmeum). Crowley Bequest.

Trochalopterum phceniceum {Gould).
(Plate I. fig. 1.)

Trochalopterum phceniceum, Sharpe, Cat, Birds B. M. vii. p. 371 (1883) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit, Ind., Birds, i. p. 93 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
4^ E(f(/s Ind, Birds, i. p. 58 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 59
(1899); Sharpe, Rand-L iv. p. 8 (1903).

The eggs of the Crimson-winged Laughing-Thrush vary from a
narrow to a broad oval form, and they have a large amount of
gloss. The ground-colour is of a pale blue, and this is sparingly
marked with an infinite variety of spots, blotches, dashes, scrawls,
aud hieroglyphic-like lines of chocolate-brown, reddish brown and
black. Intermingled with these are some small underlying spots
of pale purple. Although the markings are larger and more
numerous at the large end than elsewhere, there is no general
tendency for these to coalesce and form a cap. The eggs measure
from '98 to 1*15 in length, and from '7 to '82 in breadth.

5. Himalaya Mts. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

2. Sikhim. Crowley Bequest.

13. Sikhim (/. Gammie). Hume Coll.

7. Mongphoo, DarjiUng {J. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Mongphoo, 14th April {J. G,). Hume Coll.
4. Mongphoo, 24th April {J, G.). Hume Coll.

6. Mongphoo, 30th April {J. G.). Hume Coll.
6. Mongphoo, 6th May {J. G.). Hume Coll.

2. Darjiling, 5th May (/. G.), Hume Coll.

1. Darjiling. Crowley Bequest.

TIMELItD^.

Trochalopterum cachinnans {Jerd.).
(Plate I. fig. 3.)

Troclialopteriim cachinnans, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 373 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 97 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
^' Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 62 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 59
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 9 (1903).

The eggs of the Nilghiri Laughing-Thrush are of a broad oval
form and possess a considerable amount of gloss. The ground is
of a somewhat pale blue colour, and at the larger end, and some-
times over the whole shell, this is sparingly speckled, spotted and
blotched with deep reddish brown and chocolate -brown. Many
eggs are also blotched here and there with underlying pale purplish
red. The eggs measure from -92 to 1-08 in length, and from -74 to
•8 in breadth.

3.

Nilghiri Hills, S. India {Ti
Coll.).

'istrani

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Nilghiri Hills, 28th March.

Hume Coll.

1.

Nilghiri Hills, 31st March.

Hume Coll.

2.

Nilghiri Hills, April.

Hume Coll.

2.

Nilghiri Hills, 3rd May.

Hume Coll.

1.

Kotagherry, 25th Feb.
Cockhurn).

{Miss

Hume Coll.

1.

Kotagherry, 15th March
Cockhurn).

{Miss

Hume Coll.

2.

Kotagherry, 22nd May
Cockhurn).

{Miss

Hume Coll.

2.

Kotagherry, 25th May
Cockhurn).

(3Iiss

Hume Coll.

1.

Curzon, 14th April.

Hume Coll.

2.

Curzon, 19th April.

Hume Coll.

2*.

Ourzon, 1st May.

Hume Coll.

2.

Curzon, 5th May.

Hume Coll.

2.

Coonoor, April.

Hume Coll.

2*.

Coonoor, 16th May.

Hume Coll.

l'.

Ootacamund, 11th March.

Hume Coll.

Trochalopterum fairbanki, Blanf.

Trochalopterum fairbanki, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 374 (1883) ;
Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 99 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 64 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 9 (1903).

The sole e^^ of the Palni Laughing-Thrush in the Collection
is of a broad oval form with a very small amount of gloss. The
ground is of a very pale blue colour, and this is sparingly marked
all over with spots, small blotches, lines and scrawls, varying in
colour from pale purple to rich maroon. The e^g measures
1 by -75.

1. Palni Hills, S. India, May
{S. B. Fair bank).

Hume Coll.

TROCHALOPTERUM. 9

Trochalopterum canorum (Linn.).

Trochalopterum canorum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 376 (1883) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 59 (1899) ; Sharjpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 9 (1903).

Eggs of the " Hwa-mei," or Chinese Laughing-Thrush, are of a
rather broad oval form, glossy, and of a spotless pale blue colour.
They measure from 1*00 to 1'04 in length, and from '80 to '85 in
breadth.

4. Chinkiang, Fohkien, 12th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

Trochalopterum taivanum (SwinJi.).

Garrulus taivanus, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 279.

Trochalopterum taivanum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 376 (1883) ;

id. Hand-l. iv. p. 9 (1903).
Trochalopteron taivanum, La Toiiche, This, 1898, p. 357.

The eggs of the Eormosan Laughing-Thrush vary from a narrow
to a very broad oval. They are highly glossy and of a spotless
grceuish-blue colour. They measure from -92 to 1*2 in length, and
from "74 to '82 in breadth.

2. Tamsui, China, 20th June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
24. Formosa {R. Sivinhoe). Seebohm Coll.

23. Formosa (P. A. Hoist). _ Seebohm Coll.

3. Formosa (-R. /Sivinhoe : Tnstram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

Trochalopterum lineatum ( Vigors).

Trochalopterum lineatum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 377 (1883) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds^ i. p. 101 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Egys Ind. Birds, i. p. 64 (1889) ; Nehrk. Eat. Eiersamml.
p. 59 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 9 (1903).

The eggs of the Himalayan Streaked Laughing-Thrush are of an
oval form, but they vary very much in width. A few are elliptical.
They are only moderately glossy and of a spotless greenish-blue
colour, somewhat paler than the eggs of T. taivanum. They measure
from '9 to 1*1 in length, and from -67 to -76 in breadth.

3. Kotegarh, Himalayas, 15th March. Hume Coll.

3. Kotegarh, 15th April. Hume Coll.

1. Kotegarh, 24th April. Hume Coll.

9. Kotegarh, 30th April. Hume Coll.

13. Kotegarh, May. Hume Coll.

1. Kotegarh, 2nd May. Hume Coll.

2. Kotegarh, 10th May. Hume Coll.

2. Kotegarh, 11th May. Hume Coll.

3. Kotegarh, 19th May. • Hume Coll.
3. Kotegarh, 22nd May. Hume Coll.

1. Kotegarh, 30th May. Hume Coll.

2. Kotegarh, 9th June. Hume Coll.

3. Kotegarh, 10th June. Hume Coll,

10 TIM ELI ID J^.

2. Koteg-arh, 14tli June. Hume Coll.

3. Kotegarb, 15tli June. Hume Coll.
1. Koteg-arh, 22nd June. Hume Coll.
3. Simla, June. Hume Coll.

1. Simla, 20th July. Hume Coll.

2. Simla, 7th May {E. C. Beavan : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

3. Landoui;, 27th May. Hume Coll.
2. Mussoorie {T. HuttoiA- Hume Coll.

2. Almorah, May ( W. E. Brooks : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).

Trochalopterum virgatum, Godwin- Austen.

Trochalopterum virgatum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 379 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 100 (1889) ; Stuart Baker,
Journ. Bombaif Nat. Hist. Sue. viii. p. 175 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 10 (1903).

The three eggs of the Manipur Streaked Laughing-Thrush are
of a regular oval form, slightly glossy, and are of a light spotless
greenish-hlue colour. They measure from 1-08 to I'lO in length,
and from -80 to '81 in breadth.

3. Laisung Valley, N. Cachar, E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. TCI.

26th April.

Genus lANTHOCINCLA, Gould.

lanthocincla cinereiceps, Styaa.

Trochalopteron cinereiceps, Styan, Ibis, 1887, p. 1(36 ; La Touche, Ibis,

1899, p. 181.
lanthocincla cinereiceps, Sharpe, Iland-l. iv. p. 10 (1903).

An egg of Styan's Laughing Thrush is of a medium tint of blue,
unspotted, with a slight amount of gloss. It is a regular oval
shape and measures '95 by '74.

1. Kuatun, Fohlden, China, June C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

(/. D. La Touche).

Genus ARGYA, Less.

The eggs of the birds of this genus are normally of a regular
oval form, but it is not unusual to meet with eggs which are of an
elliptical or spheroidal shape. They are highly glossy.

The eggs of all are of a rather dark unspotted blue, varying in
intensity of tint even in those of the same species. In fact, when
large series of eggs are examined, it will be found that a gradual
blending of colour takes place between the eggs of one species and
those of another. The eggs also vary immensely in size. . >^ -

ARGYA. 11

Argya subrufa (Jerd.).

(Plate I. fig. 2.)

Argya subrufa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 390 (1883) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. Ind.j Birds, i. p. 109 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests Sj-
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 74 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 59
(1899) ; Sharps, Rand-l. iv. p. 11 (1903).

Three eggs of the Large Eufoiis Babbler measure respectively :
•96 by -74 ; '96 by '74 ; -95 by -74.

3. Manantoddy, Wynaad, S. India, Hume Coll.
23rd April.

Argya earlei (Blyth).

Argya earlii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 392 (1883) ; Oates, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. lOo (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind.
Birds, i. p. 68 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 59 (1899) j Sharpe,
Hand-l. IV. p. 11 (1903).

The eggs of the Striated Babbler vary from -78 to '95 in length,
and from '61 to '71 in breadth.

1. India. Crowley Bequest.

7. Eastern Narra, Sind {S. Boig). Hume Coll.

1. Eastern Narra, 8th May {S. D.). Hume Coll.

1. Eastern Narra, 26th May {S. D.). Hume Coll.

1. Saharunpur, 15th April (C. H. T. Hume Coll.

Marshall).

3. Delhi, 28th March ( C. T. Bingham). Hume Coll.

3. Delhi, 28th March ( C. T. Bingham). Hume Coll.

3. Pegu District, 24th July. Hume Coll.

Argya caudata {Drap.).

Argya caudata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 393 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 106 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f E<i(js
Ind. Birds, i. p. 70 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 59 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 11 (1903).

Argya eclipes, Hume ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 394.

Argya huttoni, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 394.

The eggs of the Common Indian Babbler vary from '72 to '92 in
length, and from -6 to -7 in breadth.

13. Fao, Persian Gulf, June. W. D. Cumming, Esq. [P.].

3. Jask, Gulf of Oman, 28th March. S. Butcher, Esq. [P.].

4. Jask, 1st April. S. Butcher, Esq. [P.J.
1. India. Crowley Bequest.

1. India, 7th July. Hume Coll.

5. India. \V. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.

[P.1.
7. Sind {J. H. Gould). Gould" Coll.

1. Sind {J. H. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. . >

1. Sind [j. H. G. : Tristram Coll.). C'rowley Bequest.
4. Hansi, 30th March ( W. Blewitt). Hume Coll.

12

T1MELIID.E.

7.

Hansi, 3rd April ( IF. B.).

Hume Coll.

5.

Hansi, 20th April ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Hansi, 26tli April ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

3*.

Hansi, 30tli April ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Hansi, 1st May ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

o

Hansi, 3rd May {W.B.).

Hume CoU.

L

Hansi, 6th May ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

5.

Hansi, 8th May (TF.^.)-

Hume Coll.

8.

Hansi, June ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

7.

Hansi. July ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

6.

Sarabhur, 26th June-llth July
{R. M. Adam).

Hume Coll.

2.

Ahmedahad, 21st April.

Hume Coll.

3.

Saharunpur, 15th March (C. H.
T. Marshall).

Hame Coll.

1.

Gurg-aon District, 12th April.

Hume Coll.

2.

Gurgaon District, 23rd March.

Hume Coll.

2*

Gurgaon District, 30th March.

Hume Coll.

2.

Delhi, 7th April (C. T. Bivgham).

Hume Coll.

l!

Delhi, 16th May {C. T. B.).

Hume Coll.

].

Delhi, 27th May (C. T. B.).

Hume Coll.

6.

Agra, 16th June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Agra, 17th June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Agra, 4th Sept.

Hume Coll.

1.'

Agra, 5th Sept.

Hume Coll.

4.

Bareilly, May.

Hume Coll.

2.

P)areilly, 14th Mav.

Hume Coll.

3.*

Bareilly, 18th May.

Hume Coll.

3.

Bareilly, 21st May.

Hume Coll.

2.

Bareilly, oth June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Bareilly, 7th June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Bareilly, 9th June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Bareilly, 12th June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Bareilly, 13th June.

Hume Coll.

I

Bareilly, 14th June.

Hume Coll.

4.

Bareilly, 23rd June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Etawaii, 4th April.

Hume Coll.

5!

Etawah, 13th April.

Hume Coll.

3.

Etawah, 15th April.

Hume Coll.

3.

Etawah, 7th May ( W. E. Brooks:
Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Etawah, May ( W. E. Brooks :

Crowley Bequest.

Tristrayn Coll.).

2.

Jhansi, 20th May.

Hume Coll.

2.

Jhansi, 19th June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Jhansi, 22nd June.

Hume Coll.

4.'

Jhansi, 5th July.

Hume Coll.

2.

Jhansi, 7th Aug.

Hume Coll.

••:)

Saugor.

Hume Coll.

2.

Nilghiri Hills {Tristrayn Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

Argya squamiceps (Cretzschm.).

Crateropus chalybeius, Tristram, This, 1865, p. 79.

Argya squamiceps, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 23 (1875) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. vii. p. 395 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 59 (1899) j
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 12 (1903). . >.

AEGYA. 13

The eggs of the Palestine Babbler measure from -98 to 1*11 in
length, and from -71 to '78 in breadth.

4. Jericho, 16th April {H. B. Tris- Salvin-Godman Coll.

tram).

3. Jericho, 16th April (H. B. T.). Canon Tristram [P.].
1. Jericho, 16th April (H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.

5. Jericho, 19th April (//. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.

Argya gularis (Blyth).

Argya gularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. 31. vii. p. 396 (1883) ; Gates, Fauna
"Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 107 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 12 (1903).

The eggs of the White-throated Babbler in the Collection measure
respectively : -87 by -69 ; -9 by '7 ; 'S2 by -QQ.

3. Upper Burma, 15th June. Gates Coll.

Argya fulva (Desf.J.

Crateropus numidicus, Loche, Cat. Mamm. et Ois. AlgSr. p. 75 (1858).
Argya fulva, Dresser, Birds Bur. iii. p. 21 (1875) ; Shai-pe, Cat. Birds

B. M. vii. p. 397 (1883^; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 59 (1899) ;

Sharpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 12 (1903).

The eggs of the Algerian Babbler in the Collection measure from
•9 to 1*05 in length, and from -71 to -76 in breadth.

2. Algeria {Loche). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Algeria {Loche : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
6. Djebel Svar, Tunis, 4th May. Crowley Bequest.

Argya acaciae (Licht.).

Crateropus acacise, Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 69 (1872).
Malacocercus (Chatarrhaea) acacise, Blanf. Geol. ^ Zool. Abyss. p. 372(1870).
Argya acacise, Cab. Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 84 (1850) ; Sharpe^ Cat. Birds
B. M. vii. p. 397 (1883) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 12 (1903).

Eggs of the Acacia Babbler measure respectively : 'Sb bv '68 ;
•88 by -66.

2. Katul, Monula, Soudan, 31st Oct. Capt. H. W. Dunn [P.],

Argya malcolmi (SyJces).

Argya malcolmi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 398 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 108 (1889) ; id. ed. Hwne, Nests ^'
Eqqs Ind. Birds, i. p. 72 (1889); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 59
(rtt99) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 12 (1903).

The eggs of the Large Grey Babbler measure from '87 to 1-1 in
length, and from -73 to '85 in breadth.

5. India. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
5. India. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

4. Sind (J. H. Gould). Gould Coll.

14

TIMELIID^.

4.

Delhi, 25tli March (C. T. Bmyham).

Hume Coll.

2.

Delhi, 24tli April ( a T. B.).

Hume Coll.

3.

Delhi, 2nd May (C. T. B.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Agra, ] 6th June,

Hume Coll.

6.

Agra, 18th June.

Hume Coll.

3.

Agra, 19th June.

Hume Coll.

1.

Agra, 26th July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Agra, 30th July.

Hume Coll.

2.

Agra, 4th Sept,

Hume Coll.

2.

Agra, 5th Sept,

Hume Coll.

i.

Bareillv, 29th May.

Hume Coll.

1.

Bareilly, 23rd June.

Hume Coll.

J.

Mirzapur, 6th .June ( W. E. Brooks :
Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Mirzapur, 16th Aug. ( W. E. B. :
Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Allahabad, lltli July (C. T.
Bingham).

Hume Coll.

1.

Allahabad, 28th July (C. T. B.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Etawah, 18th March.

Hume Coll.

4.

Jhansi, 24th June.

Hume Coll.

12.

Jhansi, 27th July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Etawah, 18th March ( W.E. Brooks:
Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest,

1.

Deesa {E.A.Bvtler).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Saugor, 14th July.

Hume Coll.

3.

Saugor, 14th July.

Hume Coll.

2.

Hoshungabad, 22nd July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Coonoor,Ni]ghiri Hills, ISth March.
Coonoor, 29th March.

Hume Coll.

1.

Hume ('oil.

3.

Coonoor, 13th May.

Hume Coll.

2.

Curzon, Nilghiri Hills, 15th March.

Hume Coll.

L*

Curzon, 29th March.

Hume Coll.

3.

Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 16th
May {Miss Cockburn).

Hume Coll.

Genus POMATORHINUS, Horsf.

Pomatorhinus montanus, Horsf,

Pomatorhinus montanus, Sharjje, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p, 410 (1883) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 60 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 13
(1903).

The eggs of the Javan Scimitar Babbler in the Collection measure
respectively : -98 by "7 ; 1 by "71.

2. Java, 2oth April. Crowley Bequest.

Pomatorhinus borneensis, Cah.

Pomatorhinus borneensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 411 (1883);
id. Ibis, 1889, p. 411 ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 13 (1903).

An e^g of the Bornean Scimitar Babbler in the Collection mea-
sures -9 by 'Qb.

1. Kina Balu Mt., N.W. Borneo, Crowley Bequest. ■» .

'2{)X\\ .] AW. [J. Whitehead). ' ^.^^ '

POMATORHINFS. 15

Pomatorhinus schisticeps, Ifodgs.

Pomatorhinns schisticeps, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 411 (1883) ;
Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 116 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 81 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 60 (1899J ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 13 (1903).

The eggs of the Slaty-headed Scimitar Babbler are of an oval
form, but varying much in width. They are very glossy and of
a spotless white colour. They measure from '95 to 1*03 in length,
and from -74 to '79 in breadth.

Darjiling, 3rd April {L. Mnndelli). Hume Coll.

Dai;]iling, 22nd April (Z. M.). Hume Coll.

Darjiling, 26th April. Crowley Bequest.

Dariiling (J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

Darjiling, 23rd April [J. G.). Hume Coll.

Darjiling, 20th May {J. G.). Hume Coll.

Pomatorhinus olivaceus, Blyth.

Pomatorhinus olivaceus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 414 (1888) ;
Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 118 (1889); id. ed. Hume,
Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 82 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 60 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 13 (1903).

The eggs of the Tenasserim Scimitar Babbler resemble those of
P. schisticeps, but do not appear to have so much gloss. They
measure from '9 to 1'03 in length, and from '12 to "74 in breadth.

3. Thoungyin River, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

4th March (C. T. Bingham).

2. Thoungvin River, 5th March Hume Coll.

(C. f.B.).

3. Thoungvin River, 7th March Hume Coll.

(C. T. B.).

Pomatorhinus melanurus, Blyth.

Pomatorhinus melanurus, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 501, pi. 34. fig. 2 (1879) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 414 (1883) ; Oates, Faun. Brit, hid.,
Birds, i. p. 118 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i.
p. 83 (1889); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 13 (1903).

An eg^ of the Ceylonese Scimitar Babbler in the Collection mea-
sures -97 by *72.

1. Ceylon, 4th March {A. L. Butler). Crowley Bequest.

Pomatorhinus horsfieldi, Sgkes.

Pomatorhinus horsfieldii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 415 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit, hid., Birds, i. p. 119 (1889); id. ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 84 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. vf. p. i'6
(1903).

The eggs of the South-Indian Scimitar Babbler, like those of

16 TIMELIID^.

P. scJiisticeps, vary from a narrow to a broad oval form. They have
a considerable amount of gloss, and are of a spotless white colour.
The eggs vary from 1 to 1-1 in length, and from '75 to '8 in breadth.

3. Coonoor, Mlghiri Plills, 2nd April. Hume Coll.

1. Curzon, Nilghiri Hills, 14th May. Hume Coll.

0. Ootacamund, Nilghiri Hills. Hume Coll.

1 . Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 18th Feb. Hume Coll.

{Miss Cockhurn).

2. Kotagherry, 28th April Hume Coll.

{Miss Cockburn).

Pomatorliinus temporalis, Vig. 4" Horsf.

I'omatorhinus trivirgatus, Tliien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxvii. fig. 9, a, b

(1845-54).
Pomatostomus temporalis, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 479 (1866) ;

North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 154, pi. ix..fig. 7 (1889).
Pomatorhinus temporalis, Ramsay, Trans, Phil. Sac. N.S. W. 1865, pi. i.

fig. 1 ; Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. vii. p. 418 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 60 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 4* Eggs Austr. Birds, i.

p. 270, pi. 11 (1901) ; Shmpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 14 (1903).

The eggs of the Australian Scimitar Babbler are for the most
part nearly elliptical, but some are of a long oval form. The shell
has a fine texture and considerable gloss. The ground-colour is of
a pale creamy-buff, and this is covered with a network of hair-lines,
veins, and smudges of very dark purplish brown. The markings for
the most part extend across the shell, producing in many cases the
appearance of marble. They measure from 1*02 to 1*21 in length,
and from "72 to '80 in breadth.

1. Australia. Gould Coll.

3. Wellington, N.S.W., 10th Nov. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).
1. Dobroyd, N.S.W. (E. P. Ramsay : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).
1. Bell River, N.S.W. {E. P. R.: Crowley Bequest.

1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick,Esq., K.C. [P.].

4. Murray River, Victoria, 16th Oct. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).

2. South Australia. Gould Coll.

Fomatorhinus superciliosus, Vig, ^ Horsf.

Pomatorhinus superciliosus, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. tab. xxvii. fig. 8

(1845-54) ; Ramsay, Trans. Phil. iSoc. N.S. W. 1865, p. 318. pi. i.

tig. 2 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 419 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 60 (1899) ; Campbell.^ Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i.

p. 272, pi. 11 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 14 (1903).
Pomatostomus superciliosus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 482 (1865) ;

North, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 166 (1889).

The eggs of the Australian White-browed Scimitar Babbler vary
from a rounded to a regular oval form ; some are glossy, othei's.very

POMATORHINCS. 17

slightly so. They are of the same type as the eggs of P, temporalis,
but smaller. The ground-colour varies from greyish olive to light
brown, and this is marked, more or less thickly, with hair-lines,
veins and smudges of deep brown or black. They measure from
•90 to 1-02 in length, and from 'Qk> to '7b in breadth.

5. South Australia. Gould Coll.

3. Wellington, N.S.W., 1st Nov. Crowley Bequest.
{A. J. North).

2. Cardington, Bell River, N.S.W. Crowley Bequest.

{E. P. Ramsay : Tristram Coll.).

3. Murray River, ^^S.W., Bee. W. Radcllffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.l.

4. Wimmera District, Victoria, Crowley Bequest.

11th Oct. {A. J. North).

Pomatorhinus rubeculus, Gould.

Pomatostomus rubeculus, Gould, Handb. Birds Avstr. i. p. 481 (1865) ;

North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 165 (1889).
Pomatorhinus rubeculus, Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. vii. p. 4G

(1882) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 421 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 60 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8c Eggs Austr. Birds, i.

p. 274 (1901) ; Sharpe, Handrl. iv. p. 14 (1903).

Two eggs of the Red-breasted Scimitar Babbler in the Collection
are exactly similar to those of P. temporalis. They measure respec-
tively : 1-09 by -75; I'Oo by 'lb.

2. Dawson River, Queensland, 18th Oct. Crowley Bequest.
{North Coll.).

Pomatorhinus ferruginosus, Blyth.

Pomatorhinus ferruginosus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 422 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p, 120 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 85 (1880) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 60 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-t. iv. p. 14 (1903).

The eggs of the Coral-billed Scimitar Babbler in the Collection
are of a blunt oval form, glossy and pure white. They measure
respectively: 1-07 by -75; I'OS by -82.

2. Sikhim, 5000 feet, 19th May Hume Coll.

{J. Gammie).

Pomatorhinus phayrei, Blyth.

Pomatorhinus phayrii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 422 (1883) ; Oates,
Faima Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 121 (18o9) ; Stuart Baker, Journ.
Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. viii. p. 178 (1893): Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 14 (1903).

Eggs of Phayre's Scimitar Babbler are of a regular oval form, and
spotless glossy white. They measure from -97 to 1-03 in length,
and from -72 to -75 in breadth.

3. Foot of Mishmi Hills, Assam, E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

lltli .Tune.
VOL. IV. C

18 TTMELIID^.

Pomatorhinus stenorhynchus, Godivin- Austen.

Pomatorhiniis stenorhynchus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.\n. p. 424 (1883) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 124 (1889) ; Stuart Baker,
Journ. Bomhay Nat. Hist. Soc. xiii. p. 401 (1901) 5 Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 15 (1903).

The eggs of the Narrow-billed Scimitar Babbler in the Collection
are of a regular oval form, white and slightly glossy. They
measure from '92 to -94 in length, and from '67 to '12 in breadth.

3. Hemdang, N. Cachar (6200 ft.). E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

Pomatorhinus musicns, Swinh.

Pomatorhinus musicus, Sivinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 284 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. vii. p. 424 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 60 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 15 (1903).

The eggs of the Formosan Scimitar Babbler are of a somewhat
pointed oval form, very glossy, and of a spotless white. They
measure from "93 to -99 in length, and from -69 to '74 in breadth.

3. Formosa, 13th April (P. A. Hoist). Seebohm Coll.

4. Formosa, loth April (P. A. H). Seebohm Coll.
2. Formosa, 28th April (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Formosa (P. Swinhoe : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

Pomatorhinus ruficollis, Hodgs.

Pomatorhinus ruficollis, Sharjje, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 426 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 122 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests ^ F(/gs Ind. Birds, i. p. 87 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 60 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 15 (1903).

Pomatorhinus stridulus, La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 183.

The eggs of the Rufous-necked Scimitar Babbler are not separable
from those of P. musicus, but are on the whole rather smaller,
measuring from '88 to -95 in length, and from -68 to '7 in breadth.

1. Darjiling, 6th May {J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

5. Darjiling {J. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 26th April C. B. Eickett, Esq. [P.].
{J. D. La Touche).

Pomatorhinus hypoleucus {BlyiJi),

Pomatorhinus hypoleucus, Shaipe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 428 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 126 (1889) ; Stuart Baker,
Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. viii. p. 179 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 15 (1903).

Three eggs of the Aracan Scimitar Babbler are pure white and
glossy, but vary considerably in form : one is of a narrow oval, the

POMVTORniNUS. — XIPnORHAMPHUS. 19

second almost perfectly elliptical, and the third of the regular oval
type. They measure respectively : 1-01 by *72 ; 1-01 by '73 ;
1-06 by -76.

3. Hailakandy, Cachar, 12th April. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

Pomatorhinus erythrogenys, Vig.

Pomatorhinus erythrogenys, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 430 (1883) ;
Dates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 124 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests Sf Eqgs Ind. Birds, p. 87 (1889) ; Nelirk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 90
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 16 (1903).

The eggs of the Eiisty-cheeked Scimitar Babbler are mostly of a
broad oval form, but some are elliptical and others bicouical. The
amount of gloss is variable, some eggs being very glossy and others
almost devoid of it. The eggs are spotless white, and measure
from 1 to 1*2 in length, and from -73 to '85 in breadth.

3. Sikhim {J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

3. Sikhim (/. G.). Hume Coll.

3. Sikhim {J. G.). Hume Coll.

3. Sikhim, 2nd April (J. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Sikhim, loth April {J. G.). Hume Coll.

2. Sikhim, 30th April {J. G.). Hume Coll.

3. Sikhim, 3rd May {J. G.). Hume Coll.

2. Sikhim. Crowley Bequest.

Pomatorhinus macclellandi, Jerdon.

Pomatorhinus macclellandi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 431 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 125 (1889); Stuart Baker,
Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soa. viii. p. 179 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 16 (1903).

The eggs of McClelland's Scimitar Babbler in the Collection are
of a regular oval form, with considerable gloss, and pure white.
They measure from 1-05 to 1*04 in length, and from '72 to -79 in
breadth.

3. Ninglo Peak, N. Cachar (4500 ft.), E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
16th May.

Genus XIPHORHAMPHUS, Blyth.

Xiphorhamphus superciliaris, Blyth.

Xiphorhamphus superciliaris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. iW. vii. p. 433 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 128 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 89 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 16
(1903).

The eggs of the Slender-billed Scimitar Babbler are of a somewhat

c2

20 TIMELTIP,^.

narrow oval shape, fairly glossy and pure white. Four eggs measure
from 1 to 1*05 in length, and from '7 to '75 in breadth.

2. Mongphoo, Darjiling {J. Gammie). Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim, 7000 feet, 29th April* Hume Coll.
(/. G.).

Genus GARRULAX, Ze55.

The eggs of this genus are unspotted, and vary in colour from
dark blue, through all intermediate shades of blue, to pure white.

Garrulax leucolophus, Hardw,

Garrulax leucolophus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 435 (1883) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 77 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
8r Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 47 (1889) ; Nehrh. Kat. Eiersamml. p. (jO
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 17 (1903).

The eggs of the Himalayan White-crested Laughing-Thrush are
mostly very short broad ovals, and some of them are spheroidal in
shape. They are very glossy and pure white. They measure from
1-03 to 1-15 in length, and from -8 to -95 in breadth.

2. Sikhim. Crowlev Bequest.
1. Sikhim, 2500 feet, 17th May Hume Coll.

{J. Gammie).

8. Below Darjiling, July {J. G,). Hume Coll.

3. Mongphoo, Darjiling (J. G.). Hume Coll.
1. Mongphoo, 9th May {J. G.). Hume Coll.
3. Mongphoo, 17th May {J. G.). Hume Coll.
3. Mongphoo, 17th Mav {J. G.). Hume Coll.
i. Mongphoo, 27th June {J. G.). Hume Coll.

Garrulax belangeri. Less.

Garrulax belangeri, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 436 (1883) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 79 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eqqs
hid. Birds, i. p. 48 (1889) ; Nehrh. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 60 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 17 (1903).

. The eggs of the Burmese White-crested Laughing-Thrush
resemble those of G. leucolophus, but they appear to be uniformly
much narrower. They measure from 1-06 to 1-22 in length, and
from -82 to -92 in breadth.

1. Pegu, 8th June {E. W. Gates). Hume Coll.

2. Pegu, 22nd June {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.

1. Pegu, 26th July {E. W. Gates : Crowley Bequest.

Seebohm Coll.).
1. Thoungyin River, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

2nd April (C T. Bingham). V

* In Mr. Hume's work (/. c.) these eggs are said by Mr. Gammie to have
been found on the 29th May. The date on the eggs is the 29th ApriU^

GARRULAX. 21

3. Thoungvin River, 4tli April Hume Coll,

(af.B.).

3. Kaukarit, Tenasserim, 23rd May Hume Coll.

(C. T.B.).

4. Kaukarit, 23rd May (C. T. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Kaukarit, 28th May [C. T. B.). Hume Coll.
3. Kaukarit, 29th May (C. T. B.). Hume Coll.

Garrulax albigularis (Gould),

(Plate I. fig. 6.)

Garrulax albigularis, Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. vii. p. 439 (1883) ;
Oafes, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 82 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 52 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamrrd. p. 60
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 17 (1903).

The eggs of the White-throated Laughing-Thrush are of a
narrow, pointed oval form, highly glossy, and of a very deep blue
colour. They measure from 1-12 to 1'22 in length, and from '8 to
•85 in breadth.

3. Candahar. Capt. T. Ilutton [P.].

1. N.AV. India. Hume Coll.

2. Kotegarh, 24th June. Hume Coll.

3. MxxsBooviQ {T.Hutton). Hume Coll.

Garrulax pectoralis (Gould).

(Plate I. fig. 7.)

Garrulax pectoralis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 441 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 80 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eqgs Ind. Birds, i. p. 49 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 60
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 17 (1903).

The two eggs of the Black-gorgeted Laughing-Thrush in the
Collection are of a very broad, blunt oval shape, fairly glossy, and of
a pale greenish-blue colour. They measure respectively : 1*3 by
•96; 1-3 by -96.

2. Darjiling, July {L. Mandelli). Hume Coll. y

Garrulax moniliger (Hodgs.).

Giirrulax moniliger, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 442 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 81 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs
Ind. Birds, i. p. 50 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 60 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 18 (1903).

The eggs of the Necklaced Laughing-Thrush are of a broad,
blunt oval form. They have a fine gloss, but one or two specimens
almost want this. They are of the same pale greenish-blue colour
as the eggs of G. pectoralis, and measure from 1 to 1*27 in length,
and from "8 to '95 in breadth.

4. Sikhim. Crowley Bequest.
1. Sikhim. Hume Coll.

22 TIWELllD^.

1. Below Darjiling, ]st June. Hume Coll.
fi. DariiliHg, 24th April {J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

2. Daijiling, SOtli April {J. G.). Hume Coll.
2. Daiiiling, 14tli May (J. G.). Hume Coll.
2. Darjiling, 20tli May (/. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Pegu Hills, 27th April {E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.

2. Pegu, 4th July {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 15th July {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, loth July {E. IV, ().). Oates Coll.

1. Pegu, 15th July {E. W. O.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Sinzaway, Tenasserim, 25th March Hume Coll.

(C T. Bingham).

3. Sinzaway, 3rd April (C. T. B.). Hume Coll.
5. Sinzaway, 17th April [C. T. B.). Hume Coll.
3. Thoungvin River, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

29th March {C. T. B.).

1. Meplav Chouiig, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

1st March ( C. T. B.).

1. Tenasserim, 20th April (C. T. B.). Crowley Bequest.

Garrulax picticoUis, Siuinhoe,

Garrulax picticollis, David 8f Oiistalet, Ois. Chine, p. 194 (1877) ; SharpCy
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 444 (1«83) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 18 (1903).

Two eggs of Swinhoe's Necklaced Laughing-Thrush are spheroidal
in form, of a medium bluish tint, with a very slight amount of
gloss. They measure respectively : 1*10 by '98; 1*10 by '95 inch.

2. Ningpo, China {Leech : Seebohm Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

Garrulax gularis {McCIelL).

Garrulax gularis, Shar^w, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 445 (1883) ; 0«^e<f,
Fauna Brit, hid., Birds, i. p. 81 (1889) ; tStunrt Baker, Journ.
Bombay Nat Hist. Sac. viii. p. 174 (1893) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 61 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 18 (1903).

The eggs of McClelland's Laughing-Thrush in the Collection are
of a very pale blue colour, with a decided gloss. They vary in form
from a somewhat broad to a long oval, and measure from I'OS to
1-19 in length, and from -83 to -87 in breadth.

3. Margherita, Assam, 2nd June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.l
2. Lakhenipur, Naga Country. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [CJ.

Genus STACTOCICHLA, Sharpe,
Stactocichla merulina {Blyth).

Stactocichla merulina, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 449 (1883);
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 104 (1889) ; Stuart Baker,
Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Sac. viii. p. 176 (1893) : iSharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 18 (1903). -^

GRAMMATOPTILA. DRYONASTES. 23

Two eggs of the Spotted-breasted Laughing-Thrush in the
Collection are blue, somewhat glossy, and with a satiny surface.
They measure 1*24 by -86 ; 1*25 by -87 respectively.

2. Haijiling, N. Cachar, 23rd July. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

Genus GRAMMATOPTILA, Reichenh.
Grammatoptila striata {Vig.),

Grammatoptila striata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 450 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Bird^, i. p. 103 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 67 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. EiersammL
p. 61 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 19 (1903).

The eggs of the Striated Laughing-Thrush are of a sharply-
pointed oval form, with only a small amount of gloss. They are of
a pale greenish-blue colour. Some eggs are quite spotless, others are
marked with a few very small reddish-brown specks about the
larger end. They measure from 1*25 to 1*35 in length, and from
•89 to -92 in breadth.

2. Darjiling, July. Hume Coll.

2. Mongphoo, Darjiling, 5th May Hume Coll.

{J. Gammie).

2. Mongphoo, 5th May {J. G.). Hume Coll.

Genus RHINOCIGHLA, Shar;pe.

Rhinocichla treacheri, Sharpe,

Rhinocichla treacheri, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 453 (1883) ; id.
Ibis, 1889, p. 412; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 19 (1903).

The only eg^ of Treacher's Laughing- Thrush in the Collection is
of a regular oval form, of a bright pale blue colour and rather
glossy. It measures 1*06 by -83 inch.

1. Kina Balu Mt., Borneo, 17th March Crowley Bequest.
{J. Whitehead).

Genus DRYONASTES, Sharpe,

The eggs of this genus are spotless and are of all shades of blue,
from the very palest, barely distinguishable from pure white, to
those of a rather deep blue tint.

Dryonastes ruficoUis (J. Sf S.).

Dryonastes ruficollis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 454 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 73 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 45 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. EiersammL
p. 61 (1899) ; Sharpe^ Hand-l. iv. p. 20 (1903).

24 TIMELIIDJ?:.

The eggs of the llufous-necked Laughing-Thrush are of a some-
what pointed oval form. They are highly glossy and of a very pale
blue or bluish-white colour. They measure from -95 to 1*1 in length,
and from '7 to '83 in breadth.

28. Mongphoo, Darjiling (J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

7. Mongphoo, 30th April {J. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Mongphoo, May (J. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Mongphoo, 3rd May {J. G.). Hume Coll.

6. Mongphoo, 7th May {J. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Mongphoo, 8th May [J. G.). Hume Coll.

7. Mongphoo, 9th May {J. G.). Hume Coll.

2. Mongphoo, loth May [J. G.). Hume Coll.

4. Himalayas. Crowley Bequest.

Dryonastes nuchalis {Godwin- Austen).

Garrulax nuchalis, Godiv.-Atisten, Ann. ^ Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xviii.

p. 411 (1876) ; Hume, Sir. F. v. p. 58 (1877) ; id. Str, F. 1879,

p 96.
Dryonastes nuchalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 456 (1883) ; id.

Hand-l. iv. p. 20 (1903).

The eggs of Ogle's Laughing-Thrush are similar to those of
D. ruficollis, but of a slightly deeper shade of blue. They measure
from 1-05 to 1'15 in length, and from 0*75 to 0*85 in breadth.

3. Margherita, Assam, 9th June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

C. Stuart Baker, Ei
and Dr. H. Collart.

1. Margherita, Assam, 14th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. J rp -,

Dryonastes perspicillatus (Gmel.).

I)r3'onastes perspicillatus, Shai-pe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 458 (1883);
Styan, Ibis, 1887, p. 218; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 21 (1903).

The eggs of the Chinese Laughing-Thrush are of an ordinary
oval form, highly glossy, and of a very pale blue or bluish-white
colour. They measure from I'OS to 1*19 in length, and from '81
to -90 in breadth.

3.

Foochow, China, April.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

[P-

3.

Eoochow, 9th May.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

P.

1.

Foochow, 15th May.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

T.

Dryonastes sannio (Swinli.).

(Plate I. fig. 8.)

Garrulax sannio, David ^ Oustalet, Ois. Chine, p. 192 (1877).
Dryonastes sannio, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 469 (1883) ; Oates,

Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 76 (1889) ; Nehrh. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 61 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 21 (1903).

The only e%^ of the White-browed Laughing-Thrush iji the

DRYONASTES. — CRATEROPUS. 25

Collection is of a regular oval form, uniform pale blue in colour, and
very glossy. It measures 1-6 by "84 inch.

1. Amoy, China (B. Sivinhoe :. Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).

Dryonastes caerulatus {Hodgs.).

Dryonastes caerulatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 461 (18S3) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 75 (1889) ; id. ed. Bume, Nests ^' Eggs
Ind. Birds, i. p. 46 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml. p. 61 (1899j ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 21 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey-sided Laughing-Thrush are of a somewhat
narrow, pointed oval form. They have a considerable amount of
gloss and are of a rather deep blue colour. They measure from 1*05
to 1'33 in length, and from '75 to '85 in breadth.

1. India. Crowley Bequest.

1. India [Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
4. Sikhim (/. Gammie). Hume Coll.

2. Near Darjiling, 15th June {J. G.). Hume Coll.
19. Mongphoo, Darjiling, 15th June Hume Coll.

(J. G.).
25. Mongphoo {J. G.). Hume Coll.

Genus CRATEROPUS, Swaiiis.

The eggs of this genus are glossy and spotless, and in colour vary
from a very pale to a rather deep shade of blue.

Crateropus bicolor, Sard.

(Plate I. fig. 9.)

Crateropus bicolor, Andersson, Birds Damara-land, p. 121 (1872) ; Sharpe,
ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 210 (1875-84); id. Cat. Birds. B. M.
vii. p. 475 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 61 (1899) ; Stark Sf
Sclater, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, ii. p. 59 (1901) : Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 23 (1903).

Two eggs of the Pied Babbler in the Collection are elliptical in
shape, of a delicate pale blue colour, and somewhat glossy. They
measure 1*05 by '75 ; 1*00 by '73 respectively.

2. Ovampo-land, S.W. Africa, 16th Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(C. J. Andersson).

Crateropus hartlaubi, Bocage.

Crateropus hartlaubi, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 214
(1875-84) ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 478 (1883) ; Stark ^ Sclater,
Fauna S. Afr., Birds, ii. p. 58 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 23
(1903).

The eggs of Hartlaub's Babbler are glossy, departing but little

2Q

TIMELIID^.

from a true elliptical shai^e, and are of a fairly deep blue colour.
They measure from 1 to 1*10 in length, and from '76 to '80 in
breadth.

3. Africa.
1. Africa.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Crateropus canorus (Linn.).

Crateropus canorus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 478 (1883) ; Oates,
Faima Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 110 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests Sr
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 74 (1889); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 61
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 24 (1903).

The eggs of the Indian Jungle-Babbler vary greatly in shape,
many being of an ordinary oval form, others spheroidal, and others,
again, lengthened and cylindrical. They are excessively glossy and
of a deep blue colour. A few of the eggs are somewhat paler than
others, but the prevailing tint is a very deep blue. Eggs measure
from -88 to 1-15 in length, and from -75 to '82 in breadth.

8.

India.

Crowlev Bequest.

3.

Hansi, Punjab, 31st March.

Hume Coll.

1.

Ilansi, 21st April.

Hume Coll.

3.

llansi, 22nd April.

Hume Coll.

1.

Hansi, 2oth April.

Hume Coll.

1.

Hansi, 26th April.

Hume Coll.

3.

Hansi, 28th April.

Hume Coll.

2.

Hansi, 29th April.

Hume Coll.

2.

Hansi, 30th April.

Hume Coll.

2.

Hansi, 5th May.

Hume Coll.

]'.

Hansi, 6th May.

Hume Coll.

4.

Hansi, June.

Hume Coll.

1.

Hansi, July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Delhi, 4th April (C. T. Bingham).

Hume Coll.

1.

Delhi, 31st July (C. T. B.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Agra, 17th June.

Hume Coll.

11.

Agra, 22nd June.

Hume Coll.

1.

Agra, 5th July.

Hume Coll.

4.

Agra, 20th July.

Hume Coll.

4.

Agra, 24th July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Agra, 25th July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Baraiteh, 6th Mav.

Hume Coll.

2.

Bareilly, 16th & ITth May.

Hume Coll.

l".

Bareilly, 21st May.

Hume Coll.

1.

Bareilly, 17th June.

Hume Coll.

3.

Bareilly, 18th June.

Hume Coll.

3.

Lucknow, 5th May.

Hume Coll.

3.

Lucknow, 11th May.

Hume Coll.

1.

Lucknow, 21st May.

Hume Coll.

1.

Lucknow, 17th June.

Hume Coll.

3.

Lucknow, July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Mirzapur, 28th June (W. JE.
Brooks : Tristram Coll.) .

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Etawah, 30th March.

Hume Coll.

1.

Allahabad, 6th July (C. T. Bing-
ham).

Hume Coll.

CRATEROPUS. CALAMANTHUS. 27

2. 'Maiinhhoom, A\iri\{Ii. C.Beamn). Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. Calcutta, 13th May. Crowley Bequest.
2. Ben»;&l {Theobald : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills. Hume Coll.
1. Coonoor, 8th April. Hume Coll.
1. Coonoor, 14th Oct. Hume Coll.

3. Nilghiri Hills, May. Hume Coll.
6. Mysore. Hume Coll.

Crateropus griseus (Gmel.).

Crateropus griseus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 480 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 112 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 78 (1889) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 61
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 24 (1903).

The eggs of the White-headed Babbler, judging from the specimens
in the Collection, are inseparable from those of G. canorus. They
measure from -89 to 1-03 in length, and from '63 to '78 in breadth.

4. Mysore (J. Macpherson). Hume Coll.

3. Madras, May ( W. Davison). Hume Coll.

3. S. India {Tnstram Coll.). CroAvley Bequest.

Crateropus striatus (Swahis.).

Malacocercus bengalensis, Layard, A. M. N. H. 2nd ser. xii. p. 271

(1853).
Malacocercus striatus, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 494 (1879).
Crateropus striatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 481 (1883) ; Oates,

Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 112 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8fEg(fs

Ind. Birds, i. p. 79 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 61 (1899);

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 24 (1903).

The eggs of the Southern Indian Babbler in the Collection vary
in form from a broad to a regular oval : they are highly glossy, and
exactly resemble in coloration the deeper- coloured eggs of C. canorus.
They measure from '92 to I'OO in length, and from '70 to '74: in
breadth.

2. Nilghiri Hills ( Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

1. Ceylon {E. L. Layard). Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. Ceylon, 15th July {A. L. Butler). Crowley Bequest.

Genus CALAMANTHUS, Gould.

Calamanthus fuliginosus ( Vig. ^ Horsf.).

Calamantlms fuliginosus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 388
(1865) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 501 (1883) ; NoHh, Nests
^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 147 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 62
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 278, pi. 11
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 25 (1903).

The eggs of the Australian Striated Babbler are of a pointed oval
shape and very glossy. They are of a pinkish-buft' colour, blotched

28

TIMELIID^.

and clouded, especially at the broad end, with purplish brown and
lavender. They measure from So to -9 in length, and from '67 to
•71 in breadth.

3. Australia. Crowley Bequest.

2. Cape Otway, Victoria (E. P. Crowley Bequest.

Sei/mour).

1. Tasmania ( Wilson). Gould Coll.

Calamanthus campestris (Gould).

(Plate I. fig. 11.)

Calamanthus campestris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 389 (1805) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 502 (1883); North, Nests Sr Egys
Austr. Birds, p. 148 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 62 (1899j ;
Campbell, Nests i^- Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 279 (1901) ; Sharps,
Hand-l. iv. p. 25 (1903).

The eggs of the Australian Field Babbler resemble those of
C. fuliginosus, but are somewhat more richly coloured. Two
specimens, however, in the Collection are of a light chocolate
colour, with a darker zone round the broad end of the egg.
Specimens measure from '75 to '82 in length, and from 57 to "62
in breadth.

2. West Australia, Oct. Gould Coll.

2. West AustraUa (Wilson). Gould Coll.

3. West Australia, 19th Sept. Gould Coll.

Genus CINCLORHAMPHUS, Gould.
Cinclorhamphus cruralis ( Vig. ^ Horsf.).

Cinclorhaniphus cruralis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 394 (1865)
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 498 (1883) ; North, Nests Sf Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 152 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 62 (1899);
Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 275, pi. 11 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 26 (1903).

Cinclorhamphus cantillans, Goidd, torn. cit. p. 395 ; Ramsay j Ibis, 1866,
p. 328.

The eggs of the Australian Black-breasted Babbler are of a
pointed oval shape, moderately glossy, and of very variable size.
They are of two types : in one, the commonest, the ground-colour
is pinkish white, thickly speckled and mottled with rufous and
lavender or lilac ; in the other the ground-colour is pinkish white,
mottled with pale lavender only. Specimens measure from '87 to
1-02 in length, and from '66 to '7 in breadth.

2.

Australia.

Purchased.

2.

Australia.

Crowley Bequest.

1.

West Australia.

Gould Coll.

3.

South AustraHa, 1st Nov. {Angas).

Gould Coll.

3.

South Australia ( White).

Gould Coll.

2,

South Australia.

Gould Coll.

o

South Australia.

Gould Coll.

> -_

CINCLORHAMrnUS. — TIMELIA.

29

.3. Port Lincoln, S. Australia.

3. New South AVales.

2. Victoria.

3. Victoria, 21st Nov. {A. J. North).
1. Gippsland, Victoria.

Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Govt, of Victoria [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
r. A. Philbrick, Esq , K.C.
[P.].

Cinclorhamphus rufescens ( Vig. S,- Horsf.),

Ptenoedus rufescens, Gould, Hcmdb. Birds Austr. i. p. 397 (1865).

Cinclorhamplius rufescens, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 500 (1883) ;
North, Nests ^ Eg(/s Austr. Birds, p. 153 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat,
Eiersamml. p. 62 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8f Eyqs Austr. Birds, i.
p. 276, pi. 11 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 26 (1903).

The eggs of the Australian Eufous Babbler vary from blunt to
pointed oval in shape, are moderately glossy and variable in size.
The ground-colour ranges from pinkish Avhite to salmon-pink, and
this is thickly speckled and blotched with rich chestnut and
lavender. The markings are fine on some examples, coarse
and blotchy on others. The largest specimen in the Collection
measures "9 by '7 ; the smallest -8 by -6.

1.
2.

2.
2.
3!
3.
2.

2.'<

a

Australia.

Queensland (Otven).

Queensland (Oiveu).

Queensland {Oiven).

Queensland.

Dawson River, Queensland, 14th Oct.

New South Wales.

New South Wales.

New South Wales.

New South Wales {Gould : Tristram

Coll.)
Cardington, Bell River, N.S.W. {E.

F. Ramsay: Tristram Coll.).
Fish River {E. P. R. : TristramColl).
Toorak, Victoria, 1st Dec. {A. J.

North).
Adelaide, South Australia {E. P.

Ramsay).

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowlev Bequest.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Genus TIMELIA, Horsf,

Timelia jerdoni, Wald.

(Plate I. fig. 19.)

Timelia pileata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M, vii. p. 507 (1883) [part.] ;

Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 132 (1889) [part.]; id. ed.

Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 90 (1889) : Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 62 (1899).
Timelia jerdoni, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 26 (1903).

The eggs of Jerdon's Red-capped Babbler are normally of a
broad oval form, but a few are lengthened and some approach the
si)heroidal shape. They have a considerable amount of gloss.

30

TTMELIID^.

The ground is white, and this is pretty thickly speckled and
blotched, more so at the thicker end than elsewhere, with reddish
brown and chocolate-brown. Intermingled with these markings
are numerous small spots of underlying pale purple. The eggs
measure from -7 to -75 in lenorth, and from '55 to '6 in breadth.

3. Pegu, 4th April {E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.

2. Pegu, 16th April (H. W. O.). Oates Coll.

2. Pegu, 4th July {E. W. O.). Oates Coll.

1. Pegu, 14th July {E. W. O.). Plume Coll.

1. Pegu, 28th July (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.

1. Siam {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Timelia bengalensis, Godiv.-Aust.

Timelia pileata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. 31. vii. p. 507 (1883) [part.] ;

Oates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 90 (1889) [part.,

Calcutta].
Timelia bengalensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 26 (1903).

The eggs of the Bengal Eed-capped Eabbler are indistinguishable
from those of T.jerdoni.

2. Calcutta, 14th Aug. {J. C. Barker). Hume Coll.

1. Akyab, 17th April (E. B. Shopland). Crowley Bequest.

Genus PYCTORHIS, Ilodc/s.

Pyctorhis sinensis (Gmel.).
(Plate I. figs. 16 & 18.)

Pyctorhis sinensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 510 (1883) ; Oates^
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 137 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests iSf
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 95 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 62
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 26 (1903).

The eggs of the Yellow-eyed Babbler are mostly of a short
broad oval form, very frequently almost spherical, and very glossy.
The ground varies from a pinkish white to a rich salmon-pink,
with underlying spots and blotches of lavender-grey. The surface-
markings are of a rich chestnut, reddish-brown or maroon colour,
and vary much in shape and distribution over the shell. In one,
riot uncommon, type, these consist of dots and small specks, and
occasionally streams, thickly spread over the whole eg^. In another
type, the markings consist of large confluent clouds, smears and
blotches, combined with a few lines. In a third type, the markings
consist of well-defined spots, scrawls, and hieroglyphic-like figures,
somewhat sparingly distributed over the shell. The eggs measure
from 'Qb to "8 in length, and from -53 to -68 in breadth.

P.TCTORHIS. OPHRYDORNIS.

31

4.

Sind.

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Hansi, July.

Hume Coll.

3.

Hansi, Aug.

Hume Coll.

3.

The Dhoon.

Hume Coll.

2.

Agra, 3rd Aug. (A. 0. Hume: Tris-
tram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

].

Agra, 3rd Aug.

Hume Coll.

2.

Agra, 21st Aug.

Hume Coll.

1.

Hoshungabad, 22nd July.

Hume Coll.

1.

Dhulia, Khandesh, 7th Sept.

Hume Coll.

23.

J hansi, July & Aug. {F. R. Blewitt).

Hume Coll.

1.

Jhansi, 16th July {F. R. B.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Jhansi, 7th Aug. {F. R. B.).

Hume Coll.

4.

Jhan?i, 7th Aug. {F. R. B.).

Hume Coll.

5.

Jhansi, Aug.

Hume Coll.

4.

Jhansi, Aug.

Hume Coll.

2.

Saugor, C. Provinces, 29th July.

Hume Coll.

4!

Saugor, 3rd Aug.

Hume Coll.

2.

Saugor, 7th Aug.

Hume Coll.

2.

Saugor, 7th Aug.

Hume Coll.

1.

Eaipur, C. Provinces.

Hume Coll.

3.

Pegu, June [E. W. Oates),

Gates Coll.

3.

Pegu, Aug. {E. W. 0.).

Hume Coll.

Pyctorhis nasalis, Legge.

Pyctorhis nasalis, JLegge, Birds Ceyloii, p. 512, pi. 34. fig. 4 (1879) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 512 (1883) ; Oates, Fauna Brit.
Ind., Birds, i. p. 138 (1889) ; id. ed. Hwne, Nests 4' Eggs Ind. BirdSj
i. p. 98 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 26 (1903).

The eggs of the Ceylon Yellow-eyed Babbler in the Collection
closely resemble those of the first type of the preceding species,
being somewhat thickly spotted and blotched with rich reddish
brown. They measure respectively : "71 by 57 ; '72 by -57.

2. Ceylon, 10th April {A. L. Butler). Crowley Bequest.

Genus OPHRYDORNIS, Buttihofer.

Ophrydornis albigularis (Blyth).

(Plate I. fig. 22.)

Dumetia albogularis, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 505 (1879).

Dumetia albigularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 514 (1883);
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 134 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 94 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersaminl.
p. 62 (1899).

Ophrydornis albigularis, Sharpe, Iland-l. iv. p. 27 (1903).

The eggs of the Small White-throated Babbler are of an elon-
gated oval form, and glossy. The ground is white, occasionally
tinged with pink, and this is closely speckled with a profusion of
deep reddish-brown spots, which are more frequent at the larger
end than elsewhere and form a zone or cap, more or less distinct.

32 TIMELIIDJ3.

A few pale purple specks are also spread over the shell. The eggs
measure from '66 to "8 in length, and from '5 to '55 in breadth.

13. Mysore (/. Macpherson). Hume Coll.

3. Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 9th Hume Coll.

June {Miss Cockhurn).

3. Kotagherry, 12th June {Miss Cock- Hume Coll.

burri).

3. Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills, 30th Mar. Hume Coll.

3. Curzon, Nilghiri Hills, 27th April. Hume Coll.

3. Curzon, 7th May. Hume Coll.

4. Ceylon {A. L. Butler). Crowley Bequest.

Genus DUMETIA, Bhjtli.

Dumetia hyperythra {Franhl.).

Dumetia hyperythra, Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. vii. p. 515 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 133 (1889); id. ed. Hume,
Nests 4" Eygs Lid. Birds, i. p. 92 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 27
(1903).

The eggs of the Eufous-bellied Babbler closely resemble those
of the preceding species, but they are smaller, and somewhat
broader in relation to their length. The ground-colour varies from
white to a pronounced pink, and the markings on many eggs are
much coarser than on those of the allied species. The eggs measure
from -6 to '7 in length, and from '5 to -56 in breadth.

1. India. Crowley Bequest.

2. India. Hume Coll.
1. Chunar, 26th June ( W. E. Brooks). Hume Coll.
1. Raipur, Central Provinces. Hume Coll.
9. Raipur, 1st July. Hume Coll.
5. Raipur, Aug. Hume Coll.

Genus SPHENCEACUS, Strichl

Sphenceacus africanus (Gm.),

(Plate III. fig. 1.)

Sphenceacus africanus, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 280
(1874-84); id. Cat. Birds B. M.'Vii. p. 95 (1883); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 52 (1899) ; Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds,
ii. p. 107 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 29 (1903).

The eggs of the Pointed-tailed Grass-Warbler are of a narrow
and blunt oval shape, and glossy. They are of a white colour,
mottled with very pale grey. The average size of five specimens
is -88 by -61.

1. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

4. South Africa {E. L. Layard : Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.). . %

PELLORNEUM. 33

Genus PELLORNEUM, Swains,

Pellorneum mandellii, Blanf.

Pellorneum nipalense, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 518 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 62 (1899).
Pellorneum mandellii, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 140 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 99 (1889) ; Stuart

Baker, J. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii. p. 180 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.

p. 29 (1903).

The eggs of Mandelli's Spotted Babbler are of a blunt oval shape*
and exhibit a slight gloss. The ground is white, and this is very
thickly speckled with chocolate-brown and reddish brown. These
markings are larger and more numerous at the thick end of the
eg^, where they usually form an indistinct cap. The shell is also
marked with some pale purple underlying specks. The eggs
measure from -81 to '9 in length, and from -61 to '^Q in breadth.

1. Sikhim, 4th May. Hume Coll.

1. Sikhim, 5th June. Hume Coll.

1. Sikhim. Crowley Bequest.

2. Darjiling, July. Hume Coll.
4. Mongphoo, Darjiling (J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

2. Assam, 18th April. Crowley Bequest.

Pellorneum ruficeps, Swains.

(Plate I. fig. 21.)

Pellorneum ruficeps, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vli. p. 520 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 141 (1889) ; id. ed. Stime, Nests Sr
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 100 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 63
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 30 (1903).

The single egg of the Spotted Babbler in the Collection resembles
the eggs of P. mandellii. It measures '84 by '63.

1. Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 28th Hume Coll.
March [Miss Cockburn).

Pellorneum subochraceum, Sivinh.
(Plate I. fig. 20.)

Pellorneum subochraceum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 521 (1883) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 142 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 100 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 62 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 136 (1903).

The eggs of the Burmese Spotted Babbler are inseparable from
those of P. mandellii, but they are, on the average, rather smaller.
They measure from '78 to 'S6 in length, and from '6 to '64 in
breadth.

1. Pegu, 2nd May (E. W. Oates : Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.).
VOL. IV. D

34 TIMELIIDJ?;.

1. Pegu, 2nd JNIay {E. W. Gates). Hume Coll.

1. Pegu, 29th June (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.

1. Pegu, 29th June {E. W. O.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Pegu, 28th July {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.

3. Kaukarit, Tenasserim, 11th July. Hume Coll.

2. Thoungyin River, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

7th April (C. T. Bingham).

3. Thoungyin River, 12th April Hume Coll.

(C. T.B.).

Pellorneum palustre, Gould.

(Plate III. fig. 12.)

Pellorneum palustre, Sharpe, Cat. Bh-ds B. M. vii. p. 522 (1883) ; Oafes,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 143 (1889); Stuart Bake?', Journ.
Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. viii. p. 186 (1893) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 63 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 30 (1903).

Three eggs of the Marsh Spotted Babbler in the Collection are of
a regular oval form, and are somewhat glossy. The ground-colour
is white with a few underlying streaks and blotches of lavender,
somewhat thickly overlaid with fine reddish-brown spots and dots,
chiefly towards the larger end.

3. Umrung Plateau, N. Cachar, E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

12th June.

Pellorneum ignotum, Hume,

(Plate II. fig. 7.)

Drymocataphus ignotus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 556 (1883).
Pellorneum ignotum, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 144 (1889) ;

Stuart Baker, Journ. Bomhay Nat. Hist. Soc. viii. p. 186 (1893) ;

Shar2}e, Hand-l. iv. p. 30 (1903).

The eggs of the Assam Babbler are either of a blunt oval or
elliptical shape, and are slightly glossy. In colour they are pink,
freckled all over with warm brownish red ; in some eggs the freckles
are more numerous on the larger end, forming a kind of cap. The
measurements of eleven specimens vary from '8 to "85 in length,
and from '59 to 'Q2 in breadth.

3. Margherita, Assam. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

3. Margherita, Assam, 20th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. j C.I.

3. Margherita, Assam. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.J.

2. Assam, 13th May. Crowley Bequest.

Genus BERNIERIA, Bonap.

Bernieria madagascariensis (Gmel.).

(Plate I. fig. 17.)

Bernieria madagascariensis, Milne-Edivards 8f Grandidier, Hist. Nat.
Madag., Ois. p. 349 (1879) ; Coican, Proc, R. Fhys. Soc. JEdin, vii.

BERNIEEIA.. TrRDIXUS. 35

p. 148 (1882) ; Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. vii. p. 529 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. Q-^^ (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 31 (1903).

The eggs of the Madagascar Babbler are of a narrow, pointed
oval form, and have a considerable amount of gloss. There are
two types in the Collection, and the eggs of one differ considerably
from those of the other. Those of one type at first sight appear to
be of a uniform bright chestnut-colour. When closely examined,
however, they will be found to be very closely mottled with chestnut
on a somewhat lighter ground of the same. Each of the e^^^ is
marked with a few black lines. The eggs of the second type have
a much lighter ground-colour, varying from pinkish cream to pale
chestnut, and this is clouded aad blotched with deep chestnut or
maroon-brown, sparingly in some cases and rather thickly in others.
They measure from '88 to -94 in length, aud from '62 to 'Q^ in
breadth.

3. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [CI.

4. Betsileo. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [C.J.
4. Madagascar. Crowley Bequest.

Genus TURDINUS, Blyih.
Turdinus abbotti (Blyth).

Turdinus abbotti, Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. vii. p. 541 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 154 (1889); id. ed. Hume, Nests Sf
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 103 (1889) ; Nehrk, Kat. Eiersamrnl, p, 63
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 32 (1903).

The eggs of Abbott's Babbler are of a very broad, blunt oval
form, and are highly glossy. The ground is of a pale salmon-pink
colour, and this is sparingly marked with roundish spots, scrawls
and hieroglyphic-like marks of rich chestnut. About the larger
end there are also many spots of a pale purple colour. The eggs
measure from '73 to '85 in length, and from -6 to 'QQ in breadth.

1. Pegu, 30th April {E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.

1. Pegu, 30th April {E. W. O.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Pegu, 23rd May {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 7th June {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Thoun2:vin River, Tenasserira, Hume Coll.

23rd Feb. (C; T. Bingham).

Turdinus sepiarius (Horsf.),

(Plate II. fig. 1.)

Turdinus sepiarius, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 544 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 63 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 32 (1903).

An egg of Horsfield's Babbler is of a blunt oval form, and fairly
glossy. The ground-colour is salmon-pink, and on this there are
some irregular blotches of light reddish brown and also some very

d2

36 TIMELIID^.

conspicuous and bold hieroglyphic-like scrawls of very dark reddish
brown towards the larger end. There are also a few underlying
markings of lavender-grey. The measurements are -85 by '62.

1. La wan g, Java, 5th Nov. (J. White'- Crowley Bequest.
head).

Ttirdinus macrodactyhis (StncM.).

Turdinus macrodactvlus, Hume, Stray Feath. viii. p. 60 (1879) ; Sharpe^
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 548 (1883) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 34 (1903).

The eggs of Strickland's Babbler in the Collection are of a blunt
oval form, and only moderately glossy. The ground is white,
and this is spotted, streaked and smeared with rich maroon and
pale pink. Some of the markings resemble scrawls and hiero-
glyphics. In addition, and at the large end of the e^s;, there are
numerous spots and blotches of dull purple. The eggs bear a close
general resemblance to those of T. ahhotti, but are very much larger.
They measure respectively : -92 by •? ; '96 by 'OS.

"2. Klang, Malay Peninsula, 12th Hume Coll.
April ( W. Davison).

Genus DRYMOCH^RA, Finsch.

Drymochaera hadiceps, Finsch.

(Plate II. fig. 5.)

DrymochEera badiceps, NehrJc. J. f. O. 1879, pp. 399, 404 ; Sharpe, Cot.
Birds B. M. vii. p. 550 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Biersamml. p. C3
(1899) ; S?tarpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 36 (1903).

Two eggs of the Fijian Babbler in the Collection vary con-
siderably in colour as well as size. The smaller of the two is of a
very rich dark tint of reddish chocolate, with a still darker but
indistinct cap at the larger end, and highly glossy. The larger is
of a uniform chocolate-colour without the admixture of red as in
the smaller one, and theje is a larger and less indistinct zone of a
darker shade at the larger end ; the surface is only moderately
glossy. The respective measurements are '71 by '65 and '81
by -59.

1. Fiji Islands. Crowley Bequest.

1. Viti Levu, Fiji Islands {Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

Genus DRYMOCATAPHUS, Bhjth.

Drymocataphus capistratus {Ttmm.).

(Plate II. fig. 3.)

Drvmocataphus capistatus, Sharpe^ Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 653 (1883);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 63 n899); Sharpe, Ha?id-l. iv. p. 36
(1903).

DKYM0CATAPHU3. 87

The eggs of the Javaii Black-capped Babbler are of a regular oVal
shape, aud have a small amount of gloss. The colour is pale pink,
clouded with a darker shade of pink and very light chestnut. Over-
lying these there are also hieroglyphic-like scrawls and spots of
dark reddish brown irregularly distributed, and a few similar under-
lying markings of purplish grey. They measure respectively :
•85 by '62 ; -87 by -62 ; -90 by -65.

1. Java, 24th April, Crowley Bequest,

2. Java, 25th May. Crowley Bequest.

Drymocataphus nigricapitatus {Eyton).

Drymocataphus nigricapitatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 551:
(1883) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 145 (1889) ; id. ed.
Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 102 (1889) ; Sharpe^ Hand-l.
iv. p. 36 (1903).

The eggs of the Malayan Black-capped Babbler in the Collection
are of an elliptical form and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss.
The ground, of which very little is visible, is of a creamy-white
colour, and this is thickly freckled and mottled with brown and
underlying pale purple, the two colours being of about equal extent.
They measure respectively: -82 by '61 ; -81 by '62.

2. Klang, Malay Peninsula, 3rd April Hume Coll,
{W. Davison).

Drymocataphus capistratoides (StricM.),

(Plate II. fig. 4.)

Drymocataphus capistratoides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 555
(1883) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 36 (1903).

Two eggs of the Bornean Black-capped Warbler are of an elliptical
form and glossy. The ground-colour is light grey, almost entirely
covered with freckles and streaks of brown and pale purple, these
forming a more or less distinct cap at one end. They measure
respectively: -9 by -64; -86 by -61.

2. Borneo [Sir Hugh Loio). Dr. Bowdler Sharpe [P.],

Drymocataphus tickelli (Blyth).

Drymocataphus tickelli, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 557 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 146 (1889) ; Stuart Baker ^
Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. viii. p. 189 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 37 (1903).

Eggs of Tickell's Babbler in the Collection resemble those of
D. assamensis in shape and markings, but the ground-colour is
greenish grey, instead of pale bluish. They measure from -85 to '87
in length, and from -61 to -64 in breadth.

3. Hungrum, N. Cachar, 14th June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

38

TlilELllD^.

Drymocataphus assamensis, Sharpe.

Drjmocataphiis assamensis, Shai'pe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 557 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 147 (1889) ; Sharpen Hand-l,
iv. p. 37 (1903).

Eggs of Austen's Babbler are of a broad, blunt oval shape, the
ground-colour being of a pale bluish tint with indistinct under-
markings of a pale purple-grey, thickly freckled and blotched with
pale reddish brown, and especially towards the larger end, where
the markings form a more or less distinct zone. They measure
respectively : -84 by -62 ; -86 by -63 ; -86 by '64.

3. Margherita, Assam. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

Genus SET ARIA, Blytli,

Setaria albigularis, Blyth.

(Plate II. fig. 6.)

Setaria albigularis, Hume, Stray Feath. viii. pp. 61, 161 (1879) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 39 (1903 j.
Malacopterum albigulare, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. yii. p. 568 (1883).

The two eggs of the Malayan White-throated Babbler in the
Collection are of a blunt oval form, glossy, and of a spotless pale
greenish blue. They measure respectively : '75 by -53; '75 by 'b2,

2. Klang, Malay Peninsula, 12th March Hume Coll.

( W. Davisun).

Genus XANTHOMIXIS, Sharpe.

Xanthomixis zosterops {Sliarpe).

(Plate II. fig. 8.)

Bernieria zosterops, Milne-Edicards 6f Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag.j

Ois. i. p. 354, pi. 302. fios. 18, 18 rt (1879) ; Coivaii, Froc. M. Fhys.

Soc. Edin. vii. p. 148 (1882).
Xanthomixis zosterops, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 570 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. FiersammL p. 64 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 39

(1903).

The eggs of the Madagascar Spectacled Babbler are of a regular
oval form and exhibit a small amount of gloss. The ground-colour
varies from a pinkish white to a pale salmon-pink, and this is
densely spotted, blotched and clouded with deep maroon in some
cases, deep reddish brown in others. At the larger end, the markings
are generally confluent and form a well-defined cap. Some under-
lying pale purple spots and blotches are also spread over the shell.
The eggs measure from '71 to '8 in length, and from -54 to '56
in breadth.

8. Betsileo, Madaorascar. Rev. VV. Deans Cowan [C.].

3. Madagascar ( W. Deans Cotcan). Crowley Bequest.

NESOBATES. CRATEEOSCELIS. 39

Genus NESOBATES, Sharpe.

Nesobates madagascariensis (Gmel.).
(Plate II. fig. 10.)

Oxjlabes madagascariensis, Milne-Edwards 8f Grandidier, Hist. Nat.

Madag., Ois. i. p. 357 (1879) ; Cowan, Proc. H. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii.

p. 148 (1882) ; Sharpe, Cat, Birds B. M. vii. p. 571 (1883).
Nesobates madagascariensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 40 (1903).

The eggs of the Madagascar White-throated Babbler are of a
regular oval form and devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is very
pale pinkish white, and this is very delicately marked all over with
very minute specks of reddish brown or chocolate-brown. The eggs
measure from -54 to -59 in length, and from '41 to '45 in breadth.

6. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Oowan [C.].

Genus ANTTROPSIS, Sharpe.

Anuropsis malaccensis (HartL).
(Plate II. fig. 12.)

Brachyptervx malaccensis, Hume, Stray Feath. viii. p. 59 (1879) ; ix.

p. Ill '(1880).
Anuropsis malaccensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 588 (1883) j id.

Hand-l. iv. p. 41 (1903).

Two eggs of Hume's Short-wing in the Collection are of a regular
oval form and fairly glossy. They are cream-coloured, freckled,
spotted and streaked all over with chestnut and lilac. The markings
are denser at the broad end, where they are more or less confluent
and form a zone or cap, which in one eg^ is somewhat indistinct,
and in the other darker and well defined. They measure respec-
tively : -84 by -62 ; -84 by -63.

2. Johore, Malay Peninsula, 8th March Hume Coll.

( W. Davison).

Genus CRATEROSCELIS, Sharpe.

Crateroscelis murina {Sclat.).

(Plate II. fig. 13.)

Crateroscelis murina, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 690 (1883) : id.
Hand-l. iv. p. 41 (1903).

Two eggs of the Mouse-coloured Babbler in the Collection are of a
blunt oval form and moderately glossy. One specimen is of a light
pinkish-buff colour, spotted and clouded, chiefly in a zone round
the broad end, with pale brown and dark lavender. The other
specimen is of a precisely similar character, but the ground-colouring

40 TIMELllD^.

is of a darker reddish-buff tiut, and the zone consequently less
distinct. They measure respectively : '88 by 'i)Q ; -87 by -65.

1. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C

1. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske \C

i

Genus TITRDINULUS, Hume.

Turdinulus roberti (Godw.- Austen).
(Plate III. fig. 9.)

Pnoepyga roberti, Godw.-Austen 8^ Wald. Ibis, 1875, p. 253; H^ime,

Stray Feath. 1876, p. 218.
Turdinulus murinus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 593 (1883) j Oates,

B. Brit. Burm. i. p. 62 (1883).
Turdinulus roberti, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 41 (1903).

The eggs of Eobert's Babbler are of a broad oval form ; the ground-
colour is white devoid of gloss, and is either thickly and finely
speckled all over with light red and dull lavender undermarkings,
or has the markings larger and less numerous. In both forms the
markings are most frequent towards the larger end of the shell,
round which they sometimes form a distinct though somewhat inter-
rupted zone. They measure '7 to '8 in length, and '55 to -58 in
breadth.

3. Margherita, Assam, 30th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

3. Margherita, Assam, 30th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq., and

Dr. H. Collart [P.].
3. Hungrum, N. Cachar, 14th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

Genus CORYTHOCICHLA, Sharpe.

Corythocichla striata (Walden).
(Plate III. fig. 10.)

Turdinus striatus, Walden, Ann. Sr Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) vii. p. 241 (1871) ;

Godw. -Austen, J. A. S. Beng. xlvii. p. 16 (1878).
Corythocichla striata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 593 (1883) ; Stuart

Baker, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. viii. p. 191 (1893) ; Sharpcj

Hand-l. iv. p. 42 (1903).

The eggs of the Streaked Babbler are of a wide oval form, slightly
pointed towards the smaller end ; the ground-colour is white with
a very slight gloss, spotted and speckled all over with light red and
pale lavender undermarkings. The markings are larger and most
numerous towards the larger end, where they form an irregular
zone. The eggs measure '75 to '8 in length, and '65 to '67 in
breadth.

Mr. Stuart Baker (I. c.) gives the average measurement of 14
eggs as -81 by '6.

2. Margherita, Assam, 17th April. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [0.].

RIMATOR. ALCIPPE. 41

Genus RIMATOR, Bhjth.

Rimator malacoptilus, Blyth.

(Plate II. fig. 14.)

Rimator malacoptilus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 594 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 175 (1889) ; Stuart-Baker,
Journ. Bomh. Nat. Hist. Soc. xiii. p. 404 (1901) j Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 43 (1903).

The eggs of the Long-billed Babbler are of a regular oval form,
and are quite devoid of gloss. The ground is white, and this is
sparingly marked with three kinds of markings : roundish spots of
an intensely dark reddish brown ; small blotches and smears of a
pink colour ; and specks and spots of underlying pale purple.
Round the larger end of the egg, all three kinds of markings are
rather thickly clustered together and form a pretty zone ; on the
other parts of the ^^'^ the markings are very spare. Three eggs
measure respectively : 'Se by '6 ; '84 by '62 ; 8 by '62.

3. Sikhim. J. Gammie, Esq. [P.].

Genus ALCIPPE, BlytK

Alcippe nipalensis {Hodgs.\
(Plate IV. figs. 1-4.)

Alcippe nipalensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 620 (1883) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Mersamml. p. 65 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 43 (1903).
Alcippe nepalensis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 157 (1889) ; id.

ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 104 (1889).

The eggs of the Nepal Babbler differ in form from a broad to
a regular oval, and have a considerable amount of gloss. The
colouring of the eggs presents much variation, and fouY types
appear to be contained in the Collection. In the first the ground
is white and this is sparingly marked with a few specks of rich
maroon-brown, except at the larger end, where there are some
spots, clouds, and lines of the same coloui', forming a cap. In the
second, the ground is pinkish white, more or less heavily blotched
towards the larger end with brownish lake interspersed with spots
of dark brown, with some smaller and lighter markings of similar
colouring irregularly distributed over the rest of the eg^. In the
third type, the ground is pale salmon-pink, and nearly the whole
egg is covered with clouds and blotches of reddish chestnut, brighter
in tint in some eggs than in others, overlaid with some spots of
dark brown. In the fourth the ground is also salmon-pink, and
the whole egg is rather closely covered with specks and small
streaks of pale rufous, which are denser at the larger end of the egg
than elsewhere. In all the foregoing types there are always a

42

TIMELIID^.

number of underlying pale purple markings scattered over the shell,
but chiefly at the larger end. The eggs vary from '70 to -80 in
length, and from -55 to '61 in breadth.

3. Himalayas. W. Radchffe Saunders, Esq.

2.

Mongphoo, Darjiling
(J. Gammie).

, 3rd

May

Hume Coll.

1.

Mongphoo {J. G.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Mongphoo [J. G.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Mongphoo (J. G.).

Hume Coll.

3.

Mongphoo (J. G.).

Hume Coll.

3.

Mongphoo (J. G.).

Hume Coll.

1.

N. Cachar Hills, 21st

April.

W. RadclifFo Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

* Alcippe morrisonia, Swinh.

Alcippe morrisonia, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 296 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.

p. 44(1903).
Alcippe morrisoniana, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 621 (1883).

The eggs of the Formosan Babbler apparently vary to nearly the
same extent as those of A. nipalensis, and they are referable both
as to form and coloration, with slight modifications, to one or other
of the types of eggs of that species. They measure from "65 to '77
in length, and from '52 to '6 in breadth.

6. Formosa (P. A. Hoist). Seebohm Coll.

3. Formosa, 12th April (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Formosa, 13th April (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.

3. FormoBa, 14th April (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Formosa, 19th April (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Formosa, 23rd May (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Formosa, 26th May (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.

Alcippe phaeocephala (Jerd.).
(Plate lY. fig. 7.)

Alcippe phaeocephala, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 622 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 158 (1889) ; id. ed. Huine, Nests Sf
Eqqs Ind. Birds, i. p. 106 (1889) ; JVehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 65
(1899).

Alcippe pceocephala, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 44 (1903).

The eggs of the Nilghiri Babbler are of a broad, blunt oval form
and glossy. The colouring is fairly uniform throughout the series.
The ground-colour varies from a pale pink to a salmon-pink, and
this is blotched and clouded with two shades of purplish carmine.
There are, in addition, on almost every eg^, a number of spots and
hair-lines of a still darker shade, and also large clouds and smears
of pale underlying lavender. The markings on a few eggs form
a cap at the larger end, but as a rule they are very evenly
distributed over the shell. Specimens vary from "73 to '85 in
length, and from '57 to '65 in breadth. -^ v -

ALcirPE. 43

1. Kliandesh, 16th Aug. Crowley Bequest.

1. Nilghiri Hills, April Hume Coll.

1. Nilghiri Hills, 3rd April. Hume Coll.

2. Curzon, Nilgliiri Hills, i^Srd April. Hume Coll.
2. Curzon, 24th April. Hume Coll.
6. Curzon, 3rd May. Hume Coll.
2. Curzon, 4th May. Hume Coll.
2. Curzon, 7th May. Hume Coll.
2. Curzon, 9th May. Hume Coll.

2. Curzon, 10th May. Hume Coll. ^

2. Kodanand, Nilghiri Hills, 21st Jan. Hume Coll. ^

Alcippe phayrei, Blyth,
(Plate II. fig. 20.)

Alcippe phayrii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 623 (1883) ; Oates^
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 158 (1889) ; id. ed. HumCy Nests 8f
JEygs Ind. Birds, i. p. 108 (1889).

Alcippe phayrei, Sharpe, Iland-l. iv. p. 44 (1903).

The three clutches of eggs of the Burmese Babbler are fairly
uniform in colouring and resemble the eggs of A. phoeocephala^ but
the ground is more richly coloured and the lighter markings more
suffused than in the eggs of that species. They measure from
•68 to -76 in length, and from -53 to -6 in breadth.

3. Sinzaway, Tenasserim, 30th March Hume Coll.

(C. T.Bingham).
3. Thoungyin Kiver, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

23rd Feb. (C. T. B.).
3. Nwalabo, Tavoy, 9th April Hume Coll.

{J. Darling).

Alcippe hueti, David.

Alcippe hueti, La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 185 ; Shai-pe, Hand-l. iv. p. 43
(1903).

The four eggs of Huet's Babbler are of a broad oval form, very
slightly glossy. On a ground of pale pinkish white, they have
a few underlying markings of lavender, nearly all at the larger end,
overlaid with more numerous spots and blotches of purplish
carmine, interspersed with darker lines and edgings of the same
colour. These markings occur all over the egg, but somewhat
sparingly towards the smaller end. The eggs, which are very
handsome, measure '75 to -8 in length, by -55 to -6 in breadth.

4. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 6th May C. B. Kickett, Esq. fP.!.
{J. D. La Touche).

44

TIMEL1ID.E,

Genus RHOPOCICHLA, Oaies.

Rhopocichla atriceps (Jerd.).
(Plate IV. fig. 6.)

Alcippe atriceps, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 625 (1883) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 65 (1899).
Rhopocichla atriceps, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 160 (1889);

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, \. p. 109 (1889); Sharpe y

Hand-l. iv. p. 44 (1903).

The eggs of the Black-headed Babbler are of a regular oval form,
and have a slight gloss. They are v^hite, rather thickly speckled
and spotted, especially at the broad end, with reddish brown and
lavender. Five examples measure from '74 to '79 in length,
and from -54 to '58 in breadth.

2. Mysore, 25th May [J. Macpherson). Hume Coll.

1. Mysore, 2nd July {J. M.). Hume Coll.

1. Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills, 18th June Hume Coll.
( Wait).

1. Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 17th Hume Coll.

June {Miss Cockhurn).

Rhopocichla nigrifrons {Blyth),
(Plate IV. fig. 8.)

Alcippe nigriirons, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 507, pi, 34. fig. 16 (1879) ;

Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 625 (1883).
Rhopocichla nigrifrons, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, \. p. 160 (1889) ;

id. ed Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 110 (1889) ; Shariie,

Hand-l. iv. p. 44 (1903).

Two eggs of the Black-fronted Babbler in the Collection are of an
elliptical form, with scarcely any gloss. They are white, spotted
and blotched with two shades of reddish brown, more thickly
towards one end. They measure respectively : '71 by '55 ;
•74 by 'h^.

2. Ceylon {W. V. Legge). Crowley Bequest.

Genus PROPARUS, Hodgs.

Proparus vinipectus (Hodgs.).

(Plate II. fig. 19.)

Alcippe vinipectus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 619 (1883) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 64 (1899).
Proparus vinipectus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 173 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 119 (1889) ; Osmaston,

Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. p. 468 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hund-l. iv.

p. 46 (1903).

The eggs of the Plain-coloured Tit-Babbler are of a regular oval
form, and have little or no gloss. The ground is of a pale greenish

PEOPARUS. — SCHCENIPABUS. 45

grey, and the markings are chiefly confined to the larger end of the
egg, where a numher of large confluent clouds and blotches of olive-
brown, intermingled with some blotches of underlying lavender,
form a bold cap. A few isolated spots and streaks of the same
colours are scattered over the shell, diminishing in number and size
as they approach the smaller end. Three examples measure
respectively : -68 by -52 ; -72 by -51 ; '71 by -52.

3. Tongloo, Sikhira, 10,000 feet, 29th Hume Coll.

May (L. Mandelli). A

Proparus cinereiceps {J. Verr.),

(Plate IV. fig. 11.)

Fulvetta cinereiceps, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 628 (1883).
Proparus cinereiceps, Sharpe, Hand-L iv. p. 45 (1903).

Three eggs of the Grey-headed Tit-Babbler are of a rather broad
oval form and slightly glossy. The ground-colour is pale greenish
blue, and both the underlying markings of lavender and the olive-
brown and sage-green spots, blotches and clouds of the surface are
mostly confined to the broader end, forming on one e^^ a well-
defined cap, on the other two an irregular zone. The measure-
ments are respectiA^ely : '70 by -52 ; -71 by -55 ; '73 by -54.

8. Kuatun,Fohlnen, China, 2oth May C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
{J. D. La Touche).

Genus SCHCENIPARUS, Hume.

Schceniparus rufigularis {Mandelli),

(Plate II. fig. 16.)

Minla rufigularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 610 (1883).
Schceniparus rufigularis, Ontes, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 170 (1889) ;

Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. viii. p. 197 (1893) :

Sha?'pe, Hand-l. iv. p. 46 (1903).

Eggs of the Eed-throated Tit-Babbler in the Collection much
resemble those of S. mandellii, but are slightly smaller and have
rather more gloss, while the blotches and spots are of a somewhat
richer brown. They measure from -78 to -80 in length, and from
•59 to -60 in breadth.

3. Margherita, Assam, 26th April. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

Schceniparus dubius (Heme).

(Plate II. fig. 17.)

Minla dubia, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 611 (1883).

Schceniparus dubius, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, \. p. 618 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests k Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 177 (1889) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 46 (1903).

46 TIMELITD^.

The eggs of Hume's Tit-Babbler in the Collection vary from a
somewhat narrow to a broad oval form, and they have a fair amount
of gloss. The ground is of a very pale cream-colour, and this is
marked, first, with clouds and smears of pale yellowish brown,
secondly, with dots, lines and small blotches of dark purple-brown,
thirdly, with a number of inconspicuous clouds and blotches of very
pale lavender, chiefly towards the larger end of the egg. Six eggs
measure from '75 to 'SI in length, and from '54 to "6 in breadth.

3. Mt. Mooleyit, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

21st Feb. ( W. Davison).
8. Mt. Mooleyit, 2oth Feb. ( W. D.). Hume Coll.

Schceniparus mandellii {Godivin- Austen),

Minla mandellii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 610 (1883).
Schceniparus mandellii, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 169 (1889) ;

Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Sue. viii. p. 196 (1893; ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 46 (1903).

The eggs of Mandelli's Tit-Babbler are regularly oval, pointed
towards one end, and fairly glossy. They are grey, marked witli
numerous blotches of pale brown, and also show some irregular lines
and spots of a darker shade of brown. The measurements of three
eggs are respectively : -8 by -6 ; -8 by '61 ; '82 by -61.

3. Laisung, N. Cachar, 21st May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

Genus PSEUDOMINLA, Oates.

Pseudominla castaneiceps (ffodgs.).

(Plate II. fig. 15.)

Minla castaneiceps, Sharjje, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 608 (1883).
Sittiparus castaneiceps, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 172 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eygs Ind. Birds, i. p. 118 (1889).
Pseudominla castaneiceps, Oates, Ibis, 1894, p. 480 ; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 47 (19C3).

The eggs of the Chestnut-headed Tit-Babbler are of a pointed
oval form, and are almost devoid of gloss. The ground is white.
The three eggs procured in Tenasserim are rather thickly marked
with extremely minute reddish-brown dots, and round the larger
end of each is a very regular, well-defined zone, made up of these
dots and of some spots and smears of slate-grey. The e^g procured
in Sikhim is thickly marked with spots and small blotches of purplish
brown and pale purple over the larger end, and with a few small
specks elsewhere. These four eggs measure respectively : '68 by "51 ;
•7 by -52 ; -72 by -53 ; '71 by 'b2.

1. Sikhim, May (eT". G^ammie). Hume Coll.

3. Mooleyit Mountain, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

20th Feb. ( W. Davison).

8TACHYEHI3. 47

Genus STACHYRHIS, Hodgs,
Stachyrhis nigriceps, Hodys.

Stachyris nigriceps, Sharpe^ Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 532 (1883); id.

Hand-l iv. p. 48 (1903).
Stachyrhis nigriceps, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 162 (1889) ;

id, ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 110 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersarnml. p. 63 (1899).

The eggs of the Black-throated Tit-Babbler are of a broad oval
form, glossy and spotless white. They measure from '68 to -84 in
length, and from '55 to '61 in breadth.

8. Sikhim [J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

21. Mongphoo, DarjiliDir {J. G.). Hume Coll.

5. Mongphoo, 12th April {J. G.). Hume Coll.

4. Mongphoo, 18th April {J. G.). Hume Coll.

4. Mongphoo, 20th April {j. G.). Hume Coll.

2. Daijiling, 14th May. Hume Coll.
1, Darjiling, June. Hume Coll.

3. Sinzaway, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

20th March (C. T, Bingham).
1. Pegu Hills, 20th April(^. W. Gates). Gates Coll.

Stachyrliis borneensis, Sharpe.

Stachyris borneensis, Sharpe, Ibis, 1889, p. 413 ; id. Hayid-l. iv. p. 43
(1903).

The eggs of the Bornean Black-throated Tit-Babbler are of a
broad oval form, with scarcely any gloss, and are pure white.
They measure respectively : '73 by -59 ; '72 by -58 ; '70 by -58.

3. Mt. Kiua Balu, Borneo, 18th Feb. Crowley Bequest.
(J. Whitehead).

Stachyrhis chrysaea, Bhjth.

Stachyridopsis chryssea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 601 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 64 (1899).
Stachyrhis chrysaea, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 103 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests Sj- Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 112 (1889).
Stachyris chrysaea, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 49 (1903).

The eggs of the Golden-headed Tit-Babbler are of a broad oval
form, glossy, and of a spotless white colour. Three examples
measure : '62 by '47 ; '6 by '46 ; 'Q2 by '5 respectively.

2. Sikhim, 5000 feet, 15th May Hume Coll.

{J. Gammie).
1. Sikhim, 2nd May. Crowley Bequest.

Stachyrhis assimilis, Walden.

Stachyridopsis assimilis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 602 (1883).
Stachyris assimilis, Wald. in Blyth's B. Burm. p. 116(1875); Sharpe,
iland-l iv. p. 49 (1903).

48 TIMELIID^.

The eggs of the Allied Tit-Babbler are of a broad oval form, glossy
white, with a few indistinct scattered dots and splashes of very pale
red. They measure -6 to -63 in length, and '48 to 5 in breadth.

4. Margherita, Assam, 24th July. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

Genus STACHYRHIDOPSIS, Shar^e..

StachyrMdopsis ruficeps {Blyth).

Stachyridopsis ruficeps, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 698 ; La Touches
ibis, 1899, p. 186 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 64 (1899) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 50 (1903).

Stachyrhidopsis ruficeps, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 164 (1889) ;
id. ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, \. p. 112 (1889).

The eggs of the Eed-headed Tit-Babbler are of an oval shape, and
they have only a small amount of gloss. The ground is white, and
this is sparingly marked with specks and small blotches of pale rusty-
red, and underlying pale purple, these being in some cases very
faint, causing the eggs to appear pure white. The markings
generally form a zone or imperfect cap at the larger end. The eggs
measure from -66 to '7 in length, and from -5 to '53 in breadth.

Mongphoo, D^rjiling {J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

Mongphoo, 18th April (/. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Darjiling-. Crowley Bequest.

1. Darjiling, 27th May. Crowley Bequest.

1. Darjiling, 2nd June. Crowley Bequest.

Darjiling, 6th June. Crowley Bequest.

Darjiling, 12th July. Hume Coll.

Kuatun, Fohkien, China C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
(/. D. La Touche).

Stachyrhidopsis rufifrons {Hume).
(Plate III. figs. 6 & 8.)

Stachyris rufifrons, Hume, Sir. F. 1873, p. 479; id. 1875, p. 117; id.

1876, pp. 274, 501 ; id. 1877, vol. i. p. 265 ; id. 1879, p. 95.
Stachyridopsis ratifrons, Shavpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 599 (1883) :

id. Hand-l. iv. p. 50 (1903).

The eggs of Hume's Tit-Babbler are broad ovals with a white,
somewhat glossy ground, dotted and freckled with light red and dull
purplish, the markings being most numerous towards the larger
end, and in some specimens forming an irregular zone round it. They
measure '6 to -65 in length, and -48 to -53 in breadth.

3. Margherita, Assam, 14th April. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq., and

Dr. H. Collart [P.].

4. Margherita, Assam, 14th April E. C. Stuart Baker/Esq. [C.].

and 20th July.

STACHYRHIDOPSIS. MIXORNIS. 49

Stachyrliidopsis pyrrhops {Bhjth),

Stachvridopsis pvrrhops, Sharpp, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 600 (1883) ;

id. Hand-l. iv. p. 50 (1903).
Stachvrhidopsis pyrrhops, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 165 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests Sj- Etjgs Ind. Birds, i. p. 114 (J889).

The single egg of the Ked-billed Tit-Babbler in the Collection
closely re.sembles some of the eggs of /S'. rnjiceps., but the raarkicr^s
are somewhat larger and of clearer and more delicate tints. It
measures '^"2 by 'ol,

1. ^lurri, N.W. Ilimalavas, Hume Coll.

27tlj June (C. ILT. Marshall).

Genus MIXORNIS, Eodgs,

The eggs of the four species of this genus represented in the
Collection are of quite the same type, and do not require to be
described separately. They are of an oval form, and the majority
possess a considerable amount of gloss. The ground is white,
and this is speckled and spotted, but not thickly, with shades of
rather bright reddish brown and some pale underlying purple.
The markings are more thickly clustered at the larger end of the
egg and frequently form, at that part, a zone or cap of irregular
shape.

Mixornis gularis {Raffl.).

Mixornis gularis, Sliarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 576 (1883) ; Oaies,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 168 (1889); id. ed. Hume, Ne.^ts
Sr Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 116 (1889) ; Sharps. Hand-l. iv. p. 52
(1903).

The eggs of the Sumatrau Yellow-breasted Tit-Babbler measure
from -68 to -70 in length, and from -52 to -53 in breadth.

3, Klang, Malay Peninsula, 1st Juno Hume Coll.
( W. Darison).

1. Salanga, Malay Peninsula. Crowley Bequest.

Mixornis woodi, Sharpe.

(Plate II. fig. 9.)

Mixornis woodi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 577 (1883) ; Whitehead.
Ibis, 1890, p. 60 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 53 (1903).

The eggs of the Palawan Yellow-breasted Tit-Babbler measure
respectively '71 by -52 and "72 by -52.

2. Island of Palawan, Philippines, Crowley Bequest.

29th June {J. Whitehead).

VOL. IV. 15

60 TIMELUDiB.

Mixornis rubricapilla {Tick.).

Mixornis riibricapilla, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 578 (1833) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 167 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f
Eggs Ind Birds, i. p. 115 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 64
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 53 (1903).

The eggs of the Indian Yellow-breasted Tit-Babbler in the Col-
lection measure from -64 to -71 in length, and from '5 to '53 in
breadth.

3. Pegu, 25th June {E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.

1 . Pegu, 28th May {E. W. O.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Tavoy, 6th May ( W. Davison). Hume Coll.

Mixornis montana, Sharpe.

(Plate II. fig. 11.)

Mixornis montana, Sharpe, Ibis, 1887, p. 448, 1889, p. 417 ; Everett, List
Birds Borneo, p. 107 (1889) j Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 53 (1903).

The eggs of Whitehead's Tit-Babbler in the Collection vary from
•65 to -78 in length, and from '52 to '58 in breadth.

3. Mt. Kina Balu, N.W. Borneo. A. H. Everett, Esq. [CI.

3. Mt. Kina Balu. A. H. Everett, Esq. [C

3. Mt. Kina Balu, March (J. White- Crowley Bequest.
head).

Genus MACRONUS, Jard. ^ Selb.

Macronus ptilosus, Jard. 4' Selb.

Macronus ptilosus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 583 (1883) ; id. Ibis,
1889, p. 282; Everett, List Birds Borneo, p. 108(1889); Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 53 (1903).

The eggs of the Hairy-backed Tit-Babbler are of a blunt oval
form, slightly glossy, and plain white. Three examples measure
respectively : -8 by -58 ; -8 by -57 ; '8 by -58.

3. Mt. Kina Balu, Borneo, 17th Jan. Crowlev Bequest.
{J. Whitehead).

Macronus striaticeps, Sharpe.

Macronus striaticeps, Sha?pe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 584 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 64, pi. ii. fig. 16 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 53 (1903),

The eggs of the Striped-headed Tit-Babbler are of a narrow oval
form, and exhibit a moderate amount of gloss. They are white,
spotted and blotched with chestnut and lavender, especially at the

MYIOPflONEUS.

51

broad end, where the markings are Liro;er and more thickly gathered
together. Three examples measure respectively : -8 by -57 ; '84
by -57 ; '79 by -58.

*3. Mindanao, PhiHppine Island^, April.

dey IJequest.

Genus MYIOPHONEUS, Temm.

The eggs of this genus may be briefly described as of a longish
oval form, with little gloss, and of a pale greenish or greyish-white
to pinkish ground-colour, more or less freckled and spotted with
pinkish and yellowish brown.

Myiophoneus temmincki, Vig.

Myiophoneus temmincki. Skarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 7 (188'i) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 178 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests ik Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 120 (1889); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml,
p. 50 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-L iv. p. 54 (1903J.

The eggs of the Himalayan Whistling-Thrush are chiefly of an
elongated oval form, and slightly glossy. They are greyish or
greenish white, freckled all over with minute specks of pale pink,
brownish pink, and lavender-grey. In the majority of specimens
these markings are very dense and confluent at the large end,
forming an ill-defined cap or zone of darker colour. A few are also
marked with some spots of yellowish brown. The eggs measure
from 1*22 to 1*52 in length, and from -9 to 1*04 in breadth.

;?.

Murdan, Punjab, 4th May.

Hume Coll.

3.

Himalayas.

Hume Coll.

1.

Dharmsala, Himalayas, 20th May.

Crowlev Bequest,

2.

Dharmsala, May.

Hume Coll.

8.'

Simla Hills, 2nd July.

Hume Coli.

1.

Simla, May.

Hume Coll.

1.

Simla, June.

Hume Coll.

1.

Koomarsaiu, Himalayas, 14th May.

Hume Coll.

7.

Kotegarh, 30th Apri'l.

Hume Coll.

1.

Kotegavh, May.

Hume Coll.

2.

Kotegarh, 5th May.

Hume Coll.

3.

Kotegarh, 8th May.

Hume Coll.

3.

Kotegarh, 9th Mbv.

Hume Coll,

0.

Kotegarh, 5th June.

Hume Coll.

'2^

Mussoorie {T. Kutfoii).

Hume Coll.

L

Darjiling, Sikhim.

Hume Coll.

1.

DarjiUng, June.

Hume Coll.

1.

Darjiling, 18th April (J. Gammic).

Hume Coll.

1.

Darjiling, 21st Mav {J. G.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Darjiling, 18th April {J. G.).

Ciowlej^ Bequest.

E "2

52 TIMELIID.^.

Myiophoneus caeruleus (Scop.).

Myioplioneus caeruleus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 9 (1883) ; La
Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 178 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 54 (1903).

Four eggs of the Chinese Whistling-Thrush are not separable
from many of the eggs of M. temmincl.i. They are greyish white,
freckled all over with very pale brownish pink, which becomes of a
slightly darker tint at the broad end. They measure respectively :
1-4 by -1 ; 1-32 by -98 ; 1-33 by -98 ; 1-28 by -95.

4. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 2oth C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
April [J. D. La Touche).

Myiophoneus horsfieldi, Vkf.

]\rviophoneus horsheldi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 10 (1883) ; Oates,
Fau7ia Brit. Iiul, Birds, i. p. 180 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Er/(/s Lid. Birds, i. p. 124 (1889); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 50
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. oo (190:3).

Eggs of the Malabar Whistling-Thrush are of much the same
character as those of M. temmincki, but they are on the average
more boldly marked. The ground-colour is greyish white or
pinkish white, speckled, sj^otted and blotched with pale brownish
pink and underlying lilac, the markings being, as a rule, distri-
buted all over the surface. In size they range from 1'14 to 1'45
in length, and from -93 to '98 in breadth.

1. Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills, April Hume Coll.

( W. Davison).
1. Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 22nd Hume Coll.

March (Miss Cockhum).

1. Kot;iglierry, 12th June (Miss Hume Coll.

Cockhiirn).

2. Kotagherry, 3rd July (Miss Hume Coll.

Cockhum) .
1. Wynaad, 22nd July (J. Barlimj). Hume Coll.

3. South India. Crowley Bequest.

Genus ARRENGA, Les?^.

Arrenga blighi, Holdsw.
(riate III. fig. 15.)

Myiophoneus blighi, Leqge, Birds Ceylon, p. 463 (1879) j Sharpe, Cat.

Birds B. M. vii. p. 13 (1883).
Arrenga blighi, Oates, Fauna Brit. Lnd., Birds, i. p. 183 (1889) ; Sharpe,

H.and-1. iv. p. 55 (1903).

The ground-colour in both eggs of the Ceylon Whistling-Thrush

BRACnTPTERYX. 53

jn the Cullo(3tion is of a pinkish white or creara-colour : one is
])rof'iisely speckled all over with hrownish pink and grey, with a
zone of darker tint round the broad end ; the other is more sparingly
freckled with brownish pink and lilac and has, in addition, a faint
but well-defined wreath of lilac round the larger end and a few-
larger spots, irregularly distributed all over the shell, of reddish
brown. These examples measure respectively : 1-16 by '82 ; 1-18
by -81.

2, Pundaloya, Ceylon, 30th April. E. W. Antram, Esq. [P.],

Genus BRACHYPTERYX, Horsf,

Brachjrpteryx albiventris (Blanf.).

Callene albiventris, iS/uo-jje, Cat. Birds B. 31. vii. p. 15 (1883).
Brachypteryx albiventris, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 185 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, JSests ^ Egys Ind. Birds, i. p. 128 (1889); Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 66 (1903).

Until closely examined, the eggs of the White-bellied Short- wing
appear to be of a nearly uniform rich olive-brown tint, but the
ground-colour is greyish green, so densely mottled and clouded with
warm brown that it is hardly distinguishable. The three specimens
in the Collection have a slight darkening of the brown colour in the
form of a zone at the larger end. They are of a rather long oval
form, not very glossy, and measure respectively ; '9 by "63 ;
•^ by -63 ; and -9 by -64.

2. Palni Hills, S. India. Gould Coll.

1. Palni Hillsj April (aS'. B. Fairbank). Hume Coll.

Brachypteryx rufiventris (Jerd.).

Callene rufiventris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 16 (1883) ; Nehrlc,

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 50 (1899).
Biachj'pteryx rufiventris, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind.., Birds, i. p. 185 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests 8i- E(jgs Ind. Birds, i. p. 129 (1889) ; Sharpe^

Hand-l. iv. p. ^^ (1903).

Of the three eggs of the Kufous-bellied Short-wing in the
Collection, two resemble closely those of the preceding species,
B. albiventris, but the third is much less heavily coated with brown,
and shows a good deal of the greyish-green ground ; it also has
several black hair-lines at the broad end. These eggs are longer
in shape than those of the last-tnentioned species, measuring re-
spectively : -95 by -61 ; -97 by -66 ; and '99 by -63.

2. Nilghiri Hills, S. India, 18th June. Hume Coll.

' " Hume Coll.

54 xniKLniijE.

Genus HETEROXENICUS, Sharj^e.

Heteroxenicus cruralis (Bhjth).

Bracliypterjx cruralis, S/iarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 26 (1883).
Drymochares cruralis, Oatex, Fauna Brit, hid., Birds, i. p. 188 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 129 (1889).
Heteroxenicus cruralis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 56 (1903).

Three eggs of the White-browed Short-wing are of a blunt oval
shape, approaching the elliptical. They are very slightly glossy and
plain white. They measure respectively: -87 by -Q'l-^ '84 by '62;
and -S by 'O.

1. Darjiling, Sikhim, 3rd June Hume Cull.

{L. Mandelli).

2. Sikhim, Ist .June. Hume Coll.

Heteroxenicus sinensis (Eid-eft).
(Plate III. fig. 20.)

Brachvptervx siuensi.s Bickett, Bull. B. O. C. vi. p. 1 (1897) ; id. ^^ La

fouche, Ibis, 1897, p. 607 ; La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 19o.
Heteroxenicus sinensis, bharpe^ Hand-l. iv. p. 56 (1903).

Eggs of the Chinese Short-wing taken by Mr. La Toiiche are of
a blunt oval form, and devoid of all gloss. They are of a warm
])inkish-bnff colour, the broad end being of a slightly darker tint :
they measure respectively : '83 by "62; -81 by '6; '87 by '60.

8. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 20th May C. V>. Ilickett; Esq. [P.].

{J. IJ. La Tow.-hc).

Heteroxenicns nipalensis (Moore).

lirachvpteryx nipalensis, S/iarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 29 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersaniml. p. 51 (1899).
Drymochares nepalensis, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 188 (1889) ;

id. ed. H-rne, Nests ^' Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 130 (1889).
Heteroxenicus uii)alensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 57 (1903),

The eggs of the Tsepal Short-wing are of an oval form, but some-
what pointed at the small end. They are slightly glossy, and of an
olive stone-colour, mottled with a faint rufous zone at the broad
end. Three examples measure respectively : "79 by -57 ; '8 by '57 ;

•78 by -58.

1. Darjiling, Sikhim, loth June Hume Coll.

(J. Gamniie). '-

2. Darjiling, 81I1 July [L. Mandclii). Hume Coll.

HETEROXENICUS. — LAMPROLIA. SIBIA. 55

Heteroxenicus carolinae {La Touche).
(Plate III. fig. 7.)

Bracbvptervx carolinae, La Touche, Bull. B. O. C. viii. p. ix (1898) ; idt:

/d/5, 1899, pp. 123, ]98.
Heteroxenicus carolinae, Sharpe, Ilaud-l. iv. p. 57 (1903).

Four eggs of Caroline's Short-wing are of an elongated oval form,
find not at all glossy. In colour they are inseparable from those of
IL nipalensis, though the rufous mottling on the olive-green ground
is, with one exception, not so apparent. They measure respectively :
•82 by -60 ; '81 by -59 ; -81 by '^S ; and -80 by '58.

3. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 2oth May C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

{J. D. La Touche).
1. Kuatun, 2oth May («/. D. La Touche). C. B. Bickett, Esq. [P.].

Genus LAMPROLIA, Finsclu

Lamprolia victoriae, Finsch.

(Plate III. fig. 13.)

Lamprolia victorise, Layard, Ibis, 1876, p. 149; SJiarpe, Cat, Birds
B. M. vii. p. 31 (1883) ; id. Rand-l iv. p. bl (1903).

A single q^^% of the Eiji Short-wing in the Collection is of a long
oval shape, entirely devoid of gloss, and of a pinkish-white colour,
handsomely spotted and mottled, evenly all over, with lilac-red and
blurred spots of pale purple. It measures -99 by -65.

1. Fiji Islands. W. A, Bailward, Esq. [P.],

Genus SIBIA, Hod'js,

Sibia picaoides, llodrjs.

(Plate I. fig. 4.)

Sibia picoides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 401 (1883).

Sibia picaoides, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 195 (1889) ; id. ed,

liume, Nests i<f Fyys Ind. Birds, i. p. 132 (^1889j ; Sharpe^ Hand-L

iv. p. 58 (1903>

The eggs of the Long-tailed Sibia bear a strong resemblance to
those of some of the Shrikes. They are of a broad oval form
and have very little gloss. The ground is of a pale greyish while,
and this is spotted and speckled with pale yellowish brown and dull
purple. The markings are more numerous at the larger end of the
egg, where they form a broad, irregular zone. Three eggs measure
respectively : '9 by '71 ; '9 by -7 ; -9 by -72.

4. Darjiling, 17th June (7. Gammie). Hume ColL

56

miELTID.T>.

Genus LIOPTILA, Bl>jtli.

Lioptila capistrata ( Vvj.).
(Plate I. fig. 5.)

Malacias capistrata, S/iarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 403 (1883) ; Nehrk.

Kat Eiersamnd. p. ,59 (1899).
Lioptila capistrata, Dates, I'amia Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 19C (1889) ; id.

ed. ILume^ Isests^- Eyys lad. Birds, i. p. 133 (1889) ; Sharpie, Hand-l.

iv. p. 59 (1903).

The eggs of the Black-headed Sibia are of a blunt oval form, and
exhibit a little gloss. The ground-colour is of a pale greenish white,
and this is marked in a complicated manner : " first there are usually
a few, large, irregular, moderately dark brownish-red spots and
splashes ; then there are a very few, very dark, reddish-brown hair-
lines, such as one finds on Buntings' eggs ; then there is a good deal
of clouding and smudging here and there of pale, dingy purplish or
brownish-red (all these markings are most numerous towards the
large end) ; and then, besides these, and almost entirely confined
1o the large end, are a few pale purple specks and spots. Sometimes
the markings are almost wholly confined to the thicker end of the
egg.'' {Hume.) Six eggs measure from '92 to 1 in length, and from
•(36 to '72 in breadth.

1. Murri, oth .Tune (C. R. Cock). Hume Coll.

1, iSildiim (J. Ganiniie). Iliime Coll.
'2. Sikhiiu (/. G.). Hume Coll.

2. Sikhim {J. G.). Hume Coll.

Lioptila gracilis (McCIclL).

(Plate 111. fig. 4.)

Sil)ia irviu-ilis. Godicin-Aust. J. A. S. Beng. xliii. pt. ii. p. 179 (187J).

Malacias gracilis, ^Sharpe, Cat. Birdn B. M. vii. p. 400 (1883).

Lioptila gracilis, Gates, Faiom Brit. Ind., Birds, i, p. 197 (1889) ; id. ed.

Htime, Nests ^^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 135 (1889) ; SJiarpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 59 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey Sibia in the Collection are of a broad oval
form, exhibit a moderate amount of gloss, and are of 'a pale green
colour mottled all over with pale rufous and lilac. They measure
respectively : '8() by '71 ; '84 by '7.

2. Umian Ytillov, Assam, 25th June. Col. II. II. Gothvin-Austen

[P.].

Lioptila melanoleuca (Bh/th).

]Malacias melanoleuca, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 105 (1883).

Lioptila mehnioleuca. Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 198 (1889) ;
id. ed. Hume. Nests S^- lup/s Ind. Birds, i. p. 135 (1889).; S/tarpe,
Hand-l iv. ]>. 59 (inu;]). * " ' . ■ V -

ACTINOOrRA. STAPniDIA. 57

The cgj^s of Tickcll's Sibia in the Collection are of a somewhat
I)ointcd oval form : the)' have but little gloss, and are of a pale
spotless blue colour. They measure respectively : '92 by '65 ; '91
by -65. "<

9

Mt. Mooleyit, Tenasserim, 21st Feb. Hume Coll.
( JV. Davison).

Genus ACTINODURA, Gould.

Actinodura egertoni, Gould.

(Plate I. fig. 12.)

Actinodura egertoni, S/iarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 463 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 201 (1889) ; id. ed. Huine, Nests l^
JRf/f/s Ind. Birds, i. p. 136 (1889) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 61
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 60 (1903).

The eggs of the Rufous Bar-wing are of a regular oval form and
exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. The ground-colour is bluish
green, and this is spotted, smudged and marked with maroon-
brown. Many of the markings take the form of hieroglyphic-like
iigures ; others that of small blotches. There are in addition some
small markings of pale purple scattered over the shell. They
measure from -85 to "97 in length, and from -Go to -67 in breadth.

1. Himalavas {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

2. DarjiliuV, 5r)00 feet, 27th April Iliune Coll.

(,/. Gammie).

\. Darjiliiig, 4th May (Z. Manddli). Hume Coll.

1. Darjiliiig, 4lh June (i. J/.). Hume Coll.

Genus STAPHIDIA, ^winli.

^ Staphidia torqueola, Swinh.

Stapliidia torqueola, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 615 (1883) ; La
Towdic, Ibis, 1899, p. 406 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 61 (1903).

The eggs of the Collared Staphidia are for the most part of a broad
oval form, some being narrower and of a more regular shape. They
are white, speckled, dotted, and sometimes blotched, with purplish
brown and lavender. The markings are larger and more frequent
at the broad end of the egg, Avhere they often form an irregular
zone. The eggs are slightly glossy, and measure from '63 to '75 in
length, and from -52 to -6 in breadth.

Kuatun, Fohkien, China, Mav. J. 1). La Touche, Esq. [P.].

Kuatun, 26th April (j:D.i^*f r.). ~ " ' " ' "
Kuatun, 2t)lh April (,/. D. La T.).

Kuatun, Mav {J. D. Jja 7'.). v>. j». muncn, ^j>-lj_. ^^ •

Kuatun, 8rd May (.7. D. La T.). C. B. Rickett, I']sq. [P.J.

.1. j;. i,a loucne, iLsq. [i
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.I.
C. B. lUckett, Esq. [P.].

58 TIMELIID.E.

r>. Kuatun, 7tli May {J. I). La T.). V. B. liickett, Esq. [P.I

l^ Kuatun, 12th Mav {J. 1). La T.). C. B. Kickett, Esq. [W

4. Kuatun, 15th May [J. L). La T.). C. B. Kickett, Esq. [P.

7. Kuatun, June (J. J). La 7'.). C. B. Kickett, Esq. [P.

2. Kuatun, May {J. D. La T.). Crowley Bequest.

Staphidia everetti, Sharpe.

Staphidia everetti, Sharpc, Llm, 1887, p. 447, 1893, p. 560; Everett,
List Birds liorneo, p. 107 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 04
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-L iv. p. 61 (1903).

One of the two eggs of Staphidia everetti in the Collection is of
an elliptical, the other of a blunt oval form. On a ground-colour
of creamy white they are marked with dots and blotches of various
shades of reddish brown, which increase in size and are richer in
colour towards the larger end, where they form a more or less
distinct zone. They measure respectively '72 by "54: and '12
by -55.

2. ]Matang, ^.W. Borneo, Feb. A. H. Everett, Esq. [P.].

Staphidia castaneiceps {Moore).
(Plate III. fig. 5.)

Ixulus castaneiceps, Moore, P. Z. S. 1854, p. 141 ; Horsf. Sf Moore, B.

i'. 7. CW. Jy^<6\ i. p. 411 (1854).
Staphidia castaneiceps, Godzv.- Austin, J. A. S. Lienq. xlvii. pt. ii. p. 20

(1878) : ^hari)e, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 616 (1883) ; id. Hand-l. iv.

p. 61 (1903).

Three eggs of the Chestnut-headed Staphidia are broad ovals, and
vi^ry similar in colour to those of S. everetti. They measure '7 to
'71 in length, and -bb in breadth.

o. Laisung, N. Cachar, 7tli May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

Genus SIVA, ]Iod<js.

Siva cyanuroptera, IJodjs.

(Plate IV. fig. 12.)

Siva cvanuroptera, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii, p. 640 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 209 (1889) ; id. ed, Hume, Nests <^-
E(/(fs Lnd. Birds, i. p. 138 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 65
(1899) ; ^'Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 62 (1903).

The two eggs of the Blue-winged Siva in the Collection are of a
somewhat elongated oval form, of a blue ground-colour, and fairly
glossy. One of them is ver}- sparingly speckled with pale Tcd and

YUHINA. 50

veiy dark brown, the markings being more niunerous at the larger
end : the other has at the larger end an incomplete and irregular
zone of purple-red blotches and spots, the remainder of the egg
being quite plain. They measure respectively '75 by -52 and -70 ^
by 52.

'2. Sikhini (X. Mandelli). Hume Coll.

Genus YUHINA, Hod

IS.

Yuhina nigrimentum, Ilodtjs.

(Plate IV. fig. 9.)

Yuhina riigrimentum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. G33 (1883) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit, hid., Birds, i. p, 212 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Ne.sts
4'- Eygslnd. Birds, i. p. 139 (1889) ; Baker, Ibis, 1895, p. 220 ; ISharpe,
Iland-L iv. p. C53 (19U3).

The two eggs of the Black-chinned Yuhina taken by Mr. Stuart
Baker are of a broad oval form, and have a slight gloss. They are
of a very pale green colour, finely speckled and streaked with
yellowish brown. These markings are very dense round the broad
end, and form a wide zone. Intermingled with them are a few
spots of underlying pale lavender. They measure respectively : 'b^
by -45 ; '58 by -47.

2. North Cachar Hills, 30th July. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [P.].

Yuhina pallida, La Touche.

(Plate IV. fig. 5.)

Yuhina pallida. La Tuuche, Ibis, 1899, p. 417 ; ^Sliarpe, lland-l. iv. p. 63
(1903;.

The eggs of the Pale Yuhina in the Collection vary from an
elongated to a blunt oval in form. The ground-colour is very pale
green, and this is more or less freckled, spotted and streaked with
light reddish brown and lavender. On four of the eggs the markings
are much thicker towards the broader end, but on the remaining
one they are evenly distributed over the whole surface, almost
hiding the ground-colour. They measure from -60 to "68 in length,
and from '48 to "49 in breadth.

3. Kuatun, Eohlden, China, May C. B. Eickett, Esq. [P.].

(/. D. La Touche).

1. Kuatun, May {J. B. La T.). C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

1. KuatuP; 14th May {J. 1). La 7'.). C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

60 TIMELIIDJE.

Genus IXULUS, Hodgs.

Ixulus flavicoUis, Hodjs.

(Plate II. fig. IS.)

Ixulus flavicoUis, Sharjie, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 612 (1883) ; Hume,
Stray Feath. xi, p. '2'A (1888) ; Oates^ Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i.
p. 218 (1889); id. ed. Hume, Nests (^ Ei/f/s Ltd. Birds, i. p. 145
(1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 04 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 63 (1903;.

The eggs of the Yellow-naped Ixulus are of a regular oval form
■with but little gloss. The ground is creamy-white, sometimes
pure white. The markings consist of specks, spots, and small
blotches of two or more shades of reddish brown, and are rather
tiiickly set over the shell, but they are most dense at the larger
end, where they form a zone or cap, distinct and well-defined in
some eggs, irregular and blotchy in others. Some underlying
pale purple markings are also scattered over the egg. Specimeus
measure from '75 to "8 in length, and from -54 to '58 in breadth.

*o'

2. Sikhim. Crowley Bequest.

7. Mongphoo, Darjiling (,7. G^rn;?w?'(?). Hume Coll.

2. Machi, Manipur, Otii May {A. O. Hume Coll.
Hume).

Genus LIOTHRIX, Swains.

Liothrix calipygus, Hud'js.

(Plate IV. fig. 18.)

Liothrix latea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 644 (1883) [part.] ; Oates,
Fauna Brit, hid.. Birds, i. p. 22 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Fqys
Ind. Birds, i. p. 147 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Fiersamtnl. p. 65 (1899).

Liothrix calipygus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 64 (1903).

The eggs of the Red-billed Liothrix arc of a regular oval, though
some spec mens are found with a broader or more elongated form :
they have a considerable amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies
from very pale greenish white to a pale green or greenish blue, and
this is spotted, blotched and clouded with yellowish brown, rufous,
purple-brown, and lavender. The markings are nowhere thickly
disposed except at the large end, where they form a cap or zone.
The eggs measure from '76 to '95 in length, and from '59 to '66 in
breadth.

19.

Iliraxlayas.

W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

16.

Sikhim {J. Gammie).

Hume Coll.

1.

Sikhim, 10th June {J. G.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Sikhim, 11th June {J. G.).

Hume Coll.

6.

Sikhim.

Crowley Bequest.

3.

Lebong, Sikhim, June.

Hume Coll.

o

Darjiling, 24th April.

Hume Coll. -. V

LIOTHRIX. PTERYTHIUS. 61

3. Dai-jiliug, May. Hume Coll.

1. Baijilinu, June. Hume Coll.

10. Mongphoo, Darjiling fJ". 6^r«?i?me). Hume Coll.

12. Mongphoo, 1st June ( J. <T.). Hume Coll. -^

6. Mongphoo, 1st June (J. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Mongphoo, 1.5th June re/". G^.). Hume Coll.

2. Mongphoo, 17th Oct. (J. G.). Hume Coll.

Liothrix luteus {Scop.).

Liothrix luteus, Sliarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 644 (1883) rpart., China] ;
La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 404; Shurpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 64 (1903).

The eggs of the Chinese Liothrix are indistinguishable from those
of L. calipygus.

2. Kuatun, China, May (J. D. La C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

Touche).

3. Kuatun, 8th May {J. I). La T.). C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

4. Kuatun, loth May (J. I). La T.). C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.l
3. Kuatun, 25th May (J. D. La T.). C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

Genus PTERYTHIUS, Siuains.
Pterythius aeralatus (Tickell).

(Plate III. fig. 3.)

Ptereythrius aeralatus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 114 (1883).
Pteruthius aeralatus. Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 225 (1889).
Ptererythius serilatus, X« Touche, Ihis, 1899, p. 408,
Pterythius aeralatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 65 (1903).

An e^S: of Tickell's Shrike-Tit in the Collection is very similar
to that of P. erythropterus, described below, but the markings at
the broad end are more delicate, and instead of forming a cap, are
disposed in the shape of a very wide and straggling zone. It
measures '9 by -66.

1. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 25th April C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
{J. D. La Touche).

Pterythius erythropterus ( Vig.).
(Plate III. fig. 2.)

Ptererythrius erythropterus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 113

(1883).
Pteruthius erythropterus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Tnd., Birds, i. p. 224

(1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Lid. Birds, i. p. 150 (1889J.
Pterythius erythropterus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 65 (1903).

An e^^ of the Red-winged Shrike-Tit in the Collection is of a
pointed oval form and moderately glossy. It is pinkish white,
thickly speckled and spotted with chestnut-brown and underlying

C)2 • TIMELIID-E.

lilac-grey. At the broad end, the markings coalesce and form a
small cap. It measures "89 by -69.

1. Murri, N.AV. Himalayas, 10th June Tlume Coll.
(C. It. Cock).

Genus MYZORNIS, Hodgs.

Myzornis pyrrhura, Hodys.

Myzornis pyrrhura, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. (585 (1883) ; Oateii
Fauna Brit. Lul, Birds, i. p. 233 (1889); id. ed. Hume, Nests ^'
Eqys Ind. Birds, i. p. 155 (1889) ; Sharpe, Iland-l. iv. p. (3()
(1903).

Mr. Hume has expressed doubts regarding the authenticity of
the sole ^%^ in the Collection Avhich is attributed to this species,
and it must be accepted with reserve.

It is of an oval shape, devoid of gloss, and somewhat discoloured,
but it appears to have been pure white. It measures '68 by -5.

1. Native Sikhim, 10,000 feet, May. Hume Coll.

Genus MESIA, TJodgs.

Mesia argentauris, Hodys.

(Plate IV. fig. JO.)

Mesia argentauris, Sharjie, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 642 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 244 (1889); id. ed. Hume, Neists 'Sr
F(/ffs Ind. Birds, i. p. 160 (1889); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 65
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 66 (1903).

The eggs of the Silver-eared Mesia are in no way distinguishable
from those of Liothrix caUpngus, and require no separate descri])tion.
Five eggs measure from -80 to '88 in length, and from '6 to '63 in
breadth.

1. Sikhim, 20th May ('/. Gawmie). Hume Coll.

2. Mongphoo, Darjiliuff, 17th Mav Hume Coll.

2. Sikhim, June. Crowley Bequest.

Genus CONOSTOMA, Hodgs.

Conostoma aemodium, Hodgs.

(riate I. fig. 10.)

Conostoma aemodium, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 485 (1883) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds^ i. p. 61 (1889); id. ed. Hume,
Nests 8,' J'Ajqs Ind. Birds, i. p. 42 (1889) : Sharpe, Hand-l. iv, p. 07

(li:)03). * > .

rA>'URUS. SFTHORA. 63

The single ego; of the lled-billed Crow-Tit in the Collection is
of a blunt oval form and but slightly glossy. The ground is
creamy-white, and is spotted, blotched and smudged, but not
thickly, with pale j'ellowish brown. Intermingled with these
markings are some underlying spots of deep lavender. It
measures 1-1 1 by -8.

1. Sikhim, 10,000 feet, Mav (Z. Mem- Hume Coll.
de/U).

Genus PANURUS, Koch.
Panurus biarmicus (Linn.).

Parus biarmicus, Thien. Fovt/pjianz. ges. J''oj. p. 154, tab. xviii.

fig. 12, «, 6 (1840-54).
Calamophilos biarmicus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vd(j. tab. 43. fig. 18

(1855-63).
Calamophilus biarmicus, Ilewitson, Eqqs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 161, pi. xl.

tig. iii (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 49 (1871).
Panurus biarmicus, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 77 (1883) ; Seehohm,

Brit. Birds, i. p. 492, pi. 12 (1883) ; id., Egys of Brit. Birds, p. 214,

pi. 53. tig. 20 (1896) ; Sharpe, Iland-L iv. p. 68 (1903j.

The eggs of the Bearded Titmouse are of a very broad oval shape,
and some specimens approach the spheroidal. The)' have a con-
siderable amount of gloss, and are white, very evenly and somewhat
sparingly marked all over with short wavy lines, spots and streaks
of dark brown. The eggs of this species api)ear to be remarkably
uniform in coloration. They measure from -G to '75 in length, and
from '53 to '59 in breadth.

8. Laid in confinement, 3rd Julv. Peebohm Coll.

5. Ilickling Broad, Norfolk, 24th Seebohm Coll.

April {F. Norgate).

5. Hickling Broad, 10th June [F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Hickling Broad, 12th June {F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

11. Hickling Broad. Salvin-Godman Coll.

6. Horsey, Norfolk. K. W. Chase, Esq. [P.].
4. Hornsea, Norfolk. Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Valkenswaard, Holland (J. ^«A:er). Seebohm Coll.

Genus STJTHORA, Hodgs.

Suthora webbiana, Gray.

(Plate I. fig. 14.)

Suthora webbiana, David ^ Oustalet, Ois. Chine, p. 208 (1877) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 490 (1883) ; La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 189 ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 61 (1899): Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 70
(1903).

The eggs of the Chinese Suthora are of a regular oval form and
are fairly glossy. In colour they are spotless blue, but this blue

64

TJMELIIDiE.

colour varies considerably in intensity, one clutch from Kuatun
being pure white. They measure from '6 to -7 in length, and from
•5 to -52 in breadth.

China.

Kuatun, Fohluen, China, 17th May
Kuatun, May {J. I). La Touc/if).
Kuatun, May (J. D. La T.).
Kuatun, Mav (/. D. La T.).
Kuatun, 8th Mav {J. D. La 7\).
Kuatuuj 12th May {J. D. La T.).
Kuatun, 14th Mav (J. D. La T.).
Kuatun, 14th May (J. D. La T.).
Kuatun, loth Mav (/. D. La T.).
Kuatun, 24th May {J. L). La T.).
KuHtun, 25tli May {J. D. La T.).
Chinkiang, Fohkien, 7th May.

C. Gould, Esq. [P.].

J. D. La louche, Esq. [P.].

Crowley Bequest.

c.

B. Rickett, Esq.

'P-1

c.

B. Rirkett, Esq.

'P."

c.

B. Rickett, Esq.

v:

c.

B. Rickett, Esq'.

^p."

c.

B. Rickett, Esq.

■p.]

c.

B. Rickett, Esq.

"p."

c

li Rickett, Esq.

■p.'

c.

B. Rickett, Esq.

p.^

c

B. Rickett, Esq.

p.^

c.

B. Rickett, Esq.

;p.j

Suthora biilomachus, Sivinh. *

(Plate I, fig. 13.)

Suthora buloraachus, David ^' Oustalet, Ois. Chine, p. 208 (1877) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. 3L vii. p. 490 (1883) ; La Touche, Ibis, 1898,
p. 361; Sharpe, Iland-l. iv. p. 70 (1903).

The eggs of the Eormosan Suthora are ordinarily of a regular
oval form, but a iew are elliptical or even biconical. They possess
a fair amount of gloss, and are of a spotless blue colour. They
measure from -Qd to '68 in length, and from -49 to '53 in breadth.

3. Formosa, 6th April (P. A. llolsf).

2. Formosa, 9th April (P. A. H.).

4. Formosa, 9th April (P. A. II.).
4. Formosa, 10th April (P. A. H.).
o. Formosa, 11th Apiil (P. A. IL).
o. Formosa, 12th April (P. A. H.).

3. Formosa, 10th May (P. A. H.).
■1. Formosa (P. Sicinhoe).

Seebohm Coll.
Seeboiim Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Genus SC^ORHYNCHUS, Oafes.

Scaeorhynclms gularis {Graij).

(Plate I. fig. 15.)

Suthora gularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 492 (1883); Nehrh.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 62 (1899j.
Sca3orhynchus gularis. Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 69 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, JS'esfs ^- Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 44 (1889J ; Sharpe,

Iland-l. iv. p. 71 (1903).
Paradoxornis gularis, La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 188.

The eggs of the Hoary-headed Suthora do not differ much
from those of ^. rvjiceps. They are of a regular oval form and
possess little gloss. They have a creamy-white grouud-colour,

TROGLODTTIDiE. 65

with under-markings of pale lavender, spotted and blotched irregu-
larly, but sparingly, with pale and dark brown, the dark brown
markings varying a good deal in size and shape. One egg is some-
what thickly covered with pale brown, but has hardly any of the
darker colour. They measure from '80 to '84 in length, and from
•60 to '66 in breadth.

1. Sikhim, 17th May (L. MaTidelli). Hume Coll.

1. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, May C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

{J. D. La Touche).

2. Kuatun, 12th May {J. D. La C. B, Rickett, Esq. [P.].

Touche),

Sc8Borli3mclius ruficeps (Blyth).

Suthora ruficeps, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 491 (1883) ; Nehrh.

Eat. Eiersamml p. 62 (1899).
Scaeorhynchus ruficeps, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 68 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 43 (1889) ; Sharpe^

Hand-l. iv. p. 71 (1903).

The three eggs of the Larger Red-headed Suthora in the Col-
lection very closely resemble the e^^ of Conostoma cemodium in
colour, but are very much smaller. They measure respectively :
•85 by -62 ; -8 by -65 ; -8 by -6.

3. Sikhim, 2000 feet, 15th May Hume Coll.

{J. Gammie).

Family TROGLODYTIDiE.

Genus HELEODYTES, Cah,

Heleodytes variegatus {Om.).

Campylorhynchus variegatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 188 (1881).
Heleodytes variegatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 73 (1903).

An egg in the Collection said to be that of the Brazilian Cactus-
Wren is of a regular oval form, slightly blunted, and almost devoid
of gloss. It is cream-coloured, speckled with pale lilac-red, the
markings being dense on the broad end and forming a zone round
that part. It measures 1*03 by '11.

1. [Brazil.] Crowley Bequest.

Heleodytes capistratns (Less.).

Campylorhynchus rufinucha, Salv. Ibis, 1866, p. 191.

Campylorhynchus capistratus, Taylor, Ibis, 1860, p. 317 ; Salv. 8f Godm,

Biol. Centr.-Arner., Aves, i. p. 64 (1880) ; Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M.

vi. p. 191 (1881).
Heleodytes capistratus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 73 (1903).
VOL. rv. p

66 TROGLOBTTID^.

The two eggs of the Chestnut-backed Cactus- Wren in the Collection
are of a regular oval form and exhibit very little gloss. They are
of a creamy-white colour, spotted and mottled all over with olive-
brown and lavender, the markings forming an indistinct cap at the
broad end. One of them measures -83 by -62; the other is unfor-
tunately too much damaged to be accurately measured.

2. Chuacus, Guatemala (O. Salvin ^ Salvin-Godman Coll.
i^ D. Godman).

Heleodytes couesi (Sharpe).
(Plate V. fig. 1.)

Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridqw. N. Amer.

Birds, i. p. 132 (1874) ; Coues, Birds Colorado Fh/Z.'p. 166 (1878) ;

Saiv. ^ Godm. Biol. Cetitr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 67 (1880).
Campylorhynchus couesi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 196 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 45 (1899).
Heleodytes couesi, Sharpe, Kand-l. iv. p. 74 (1903).

The two eggs of Coues's Cactus-Wren in the Collection are of a
regular oval shape and slightly glossy. They are of a pinkish- white
colour, densely speckled and mottled all over with brownish pink,
the markings forming an ill-defined zone round the broad end.
Two examples measure respectively : '9 by '65 ; '"^^ by •63.

2. Tucson, Arizona {Henshaiv Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

Heleodytes affinis (Xantus).

Campylorhynchus affinis, Xantus, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1859, p. 298;

Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgio. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 133 (1874).
Campylorhvnchus brunneicapillus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 197

(1881)^[part.].
Heleodytes affinis, Sharpe, Hand-L iv. p. 75 (1903).

The eggs of Xantus's Cactus-Wren vary from a narrow to a broad
oval shape and are more or less glossy. They are of a creamy-white
ground-colour, in some cases densely mottled, the ground-colour
being completely hidden, in others speckled and spotted, and in
others again speckled and blotched, with brownish pink and lilac.
The markings are of a somewhat darker colour at the broad end, and
generally form a zone or cap at that part. Specimens measure from
•9 to 1-1 in length, and from -65 to -72 in breadth.

1. California {Smiths. Inst. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).
8. San Diego Co., California, 4th April. Crowley Bequest.
7. San Diego Co., California, 5th April. W. RadcHffe Saunders, Esq.

4. San Antonio, California, 2nd May. E. Lacy, Esq. [P.].

2. Cape St. Lucas, California (J. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Xantus).

THEYOPHILUS.

2. Cape St. Lucas, June (/. X. : lien- Salvin-Godman Coll.

shaw Coll.).

2. Cape St. Lucas {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godtnau Coll.

2. Cape St. Lucas (J. X. : Smiths. Inst). Crowley Bequest.

Genus THRYOPHILUS, Baird.

ThryopMlus longirostris ( VieilL).

Thryophilus longirostris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 206 (1881) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 45 (1899) ; von Ihering, Rev. Mus.
Paulista, iv. p. 199 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 77 (1903).

The eggs of the Long-billed Wren in the Collection are of a
somewhat narrow oval shape and devoid of all gloss. They are of a
creamy-white colour, somewhat thickly speckled with pale reddish
brown and lavender, especially at the broad end, where the markings
form a very well-marked zone. Two examples measure respectively :
•88 by -6 ; -82 by -6.

2. Iguape, Brazil, 12th Nov. Crowley Bequest.

Thryophllus modestus {Gah.),

Thryophilus modestus, Salv. S^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 83
(1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 209 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 46 (1899) ; Sharpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 78 (1903).

The eggs of the Central- American Wren in the Collection are of a
narrow oval form, devoid of gloss, and plain white. They measure
respectively : -84 by -57 ; '83 by 'SG.

2. Costa Rica, 16th May (C. F. Under- Crowley Bequest.
wood).

Thryophilus nigricapillns {Sd.\

(Plate V. fig. 4.)

Thryothorus nigricapillns, Scl. P. Z. S. 1860, p. 84.

Thryophilus nigricapillns, Scl. Sf Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 493 ; Salv. ^ Godm.

Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 89 (1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.

vi. p. 217 (1881) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 80 (1903).

Eggs of the Black-capped Wren in the Collection are of an abnor-
mally lengthened oval shape, devoid of gloss, and of a creamy- white
colour, sparingly spotted with black and lavender, the spots being
irregularly distributed over the whole surface. They measure 1*01
by -60 and 1-01 by 'Q2,

2. Nanegal, Ecuador (i. Fraser). Salvin-Godman Coll.

f2

68 THOGLODTTID^.

Genus THRYOTHORUS, Vieill

Though the eggs of this genus vary slightly in size, and more so
in the amount and intensity of the surface-markings, they bear a
strong resemblance one to the other. The ground-colour is of a
dull or creamy white, either thinly dotted or densely mottled with
shades of pinky brown, sometimes evenly distributed, more often
collected towards the larger end, and occasionally forming a well-
defined zone or cap.

Thryothorus ludovicianus (Lath.).

Thryothorus ludovicianus, var. ludovicianus, JBaird, Brewer 8f Ridgw.

N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 142 (1874).
Thryothorus ludovicianus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 221 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 46 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 80

(1903).

The eggs of the Great Carolina Wren are of a broad oval shape,
and are dull or rather glossy. On a creamy-white ground they
are spotted and blotched with pale chestnut, dark reddish brown,
and lilac, and there is a well-marked and rather handsome
zone at the larger end. They measure from '72 to 'IS by from
•56 to -59.

1. North America {HensJinw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. New Jersey, 16th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

Thryothorus berlandieri, Baird.

Thryothorus ludovicianus, var. berlandieri, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw.

' N. Amer. Birds, i. pp. 141, 144 (1874).
Tlwyothorus berlandieri, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 222 (1881) ; id.
Hand-l. iv. p. 80 (1903).

The three eggs of Berlandier's Wren have the markings distributed
evenly over the whole surface, and most nearly resemble eggs of
T. grenadensis. They measure '72 to -73 in length, and "55 in
breadth.

3. Texas {D. G. Elliot : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Thryothorus miamensis, Bidgw.

Thryothorus ludovicianus, var. miamensis, Ridgw. Amer. Nat. ix. p. 469

(1875).
Thryothorus miamensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 222 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 46 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 81 (1903).

The single egg of Maynard's Wren in the Collection is of a
blunt oval shape, creamy white, rather thickly covered with speckles
and small blotches of pale reddish brown and lavender-grey, which
are perceptibly thicker round the crown. It measures -74 by -59.

1. Tampa, Florida, 2nd May. W. EadclifFe Saunders, Esq.

THRYOTHORUS. THRTOMANES. 69

Thryothorus grenadensis, Lawr.

(Plate V. fig. 2.)

Thryothorus grenadensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 228 (1881) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 46 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 81
(1903).

The eggs of Ober's Rufous Wren are of a broad oval shape and
rather dull surface. They have a pinkish- white ground-colour,
thickly spotted and blotched with brownish chestnut, lilac-red, and
lavender. The markings are pretty evenly distributed over the
shell ; the two clutches are remarkably constant in character.
Specimens measure from -7 to '73 in length, and from -55 to -59
in breadth.

6. Grenada, W. Indies (/. G. Wells). Crowley Bequest.
4. Grenada, 26th June {J. G. W.). Crowley Bequest.

Thryothorus genibarbis, Swains.

Thryothorus genibarbis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 233 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml p. 46 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 82 (1903).
Troglodytes genibarbis, von Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 200 (1900).

An e^^ of Swainson's Moustached Wren is of a slightly blunted
oval form, and of a pinkish-white colour, speckled with pale chestnut
and lilac, the markings being more dense round the broad end and
forming a zone. The specimen measures '79 by '57.

1. Amazonia {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Thryothorus rutilus, Vieill.

Thryothorus rutilus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 238 (1881) ;• Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 47 (1899) ; von Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista. iv.
p. 200 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 84 (1903).

The eggs of the White-bellied Orange-breasted Wren in the
Collection are of a regular oval shape and very slightly glossy.
They are pinkish white, somewhat densely mottled all over with
brownish pink, lilac-red, and lavender, the spots thickening suffi-
ciently towards the larger end to form themselves into a zone or
crown. They measure respectively '75 by -^b and '76 by '54.

1. Venezuela. Crowley Bequest.

1. Venezuela {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Genus THRYOMANES, Sclater.
The eggs are very similar to those of Thryothorus*

Thryomanes bewickii {Aud.).

Thryothorus bewickii, var. bewickii, Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, i. p. 145 (1874).

70 TKOGLODTTID.E.

Tliryotliorus bewickii, Dresser, Ibis, 1865, p. 484; Sharpe, Cat. Birds

JB. M. vi. p. 225 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 146 (1899).
Thryomanes bewickii, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 84 (1903).

The eggs of Bewick's Wren are of a broad oval form, somewhat
wanting in gloss. They are white, speckled with chestnut, lilac-red,
and lavender, the markings being more dense at the broad end than
elsewhere, sometimes forming a distinct zone or cap at that part.
Specimens measure from -65 to -75 in length, and from -5 to '53
in breadth.

4. W.Texus (I). G. Elliot: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

2. San Antonio, Texas (H. E. Dresser). Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. Brownsville, Texas, April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.J.

1. Missouri, 1st June. W. RadclifTe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Thryomanes spilurus ( Vigors).

Thryothorus bewickii, var. spilurus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw^ N. Amer.

^ Birds, i. p. 147 (1874).
Thryothorus spilurus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 225 (1881);

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 46 (1899).
Thryomanes spilurus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 84 (1903).

The three eggs of Vigors's Wren in the Collection are of a regular
oval form and moderately glossy. They are white, very delicately
speckled (in two out of the three in the shape of a zone round the
broad end) with brownish pink, lilac-red, and lavender. They
measure respectively : -63 by -5 ; -61 by 5 ; and -65 by '5.

2. CaliforLia {R. Ridgway : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).
1. Los Angeles, California, 20tli April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Genus CISTOTHORUS, Cab.
Cistothorus palustris ( Wilson).

Telmatodytes palustris, Cones, Birds N.- West, p. 34 (1874).

Cistothorus palustris, Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 161

(1874) ; Saio. Sf Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 104 (1880) ;

Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 241 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 47 (1899) ; Sharpe, Handd. iv. p. 86 (1903).

The eggs of the Eastern Long-billed Marsh- Wren vary in
shape from a regular to a broad oval and are fairly glossy. The
ground-colour, where visible, is ashy grey, and this is very densely
mottled or streaked with chocolate-brown, some specimens pre-
senting the appearance of being almost uniformly of this colour.
In a few cases there is a distinct crown or cap at one end, of a still
darker tint. They measure from 'hi to -67 in length, and from -49
to -51 in breadth.

CISTOTHORUS. 71

1. North America {T. M. Brewer: Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

4. N. America {D. G. Elliot : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.). ^_

4. Montreal, Canada {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

4. Hudson River, New York, 20th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

4. 'PQm\sj\Ydim?i,{Krider: Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. New jersey {T. M. Brewer). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Bamegat Bay, New Jersey, 17th Princeton University, N.J.

June ( W. E. D. Scott). [E.]

6. Barnegat Bay, 28th June (^.^.Z).aS'.). Princeton University, N.J.

[E.].

Cistothorus paludicola, Baird.

Cistothorus palustris, var. paludicola, Baird, Review Amer. B. p. 148
(1864) ; Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 161 (1874).

Cistothorus paludicola, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 242(1881) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 47 (1899) ; Sharpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 87 (1903).

The eggs of the Western Long-billed Marsh- Wren resemble those
of G. palustris.

4. Little Slave Lake {S. Jmies : Hen- Salvin-Godman, Coll.

shaio Coll.).

5. Vancouver Island. Dr. Lyall [P.].

1. Salt Lake City, Utah. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

2. Marysvale, Utah, 12th June. Princeton University, N.J.

[E.].

Cistothorus stellaris (Naum.).

Troglodytes stellaris, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xii. fig. 13

(1845-54).
Cistothorus stellaris, Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 36 (1874) ; Baird, Brewer

8f Ridgw. N. Arner. Birds, i. p. 159 (1874) ; Coues, Birds Col. Vail.

p. 180 (1878) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 243 (188D : Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 47 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 87 (1903;.

The eggs of the Short-billed Marsh- Wren in the Collection are
of a broad oval shape, much pointed at the small end, and slightly
glossy. They are plain white, and measure respectively : '57 by '45 ;
•6 by "O ; '61 by -5. Thienemann (I. c.) figures an egg considerably
spotted, but the most reliable American authorities agree in stating
that the eggs are white and spotless.

1. 'North. Amenca,{Krider : Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. North America {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Cistothorus platensis {Lath.).

Troglodytes platensis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xii. fig. 15

(1845-54).
Cistothorus platensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 244 (1881) ; Scl.

8c Suds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 15 (1888) ; James, New List Chilian

Birds, p. 1 (1892) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 47 (1899) j Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 87 (1903).

/ Z TROGLODTTID^.

In describing the eggs of this species, the La Plata Marsh- Wren,
we have only at the present date (1902) the figure given by Thiene-
mann (1. c.) and the description of Nehrkorn (Z. c.) to guide us.
Both these authorities give the egg as thickly spotted, as in the
case of our three eggs from the Crowley Bequest, but we have in
addition six eggs from Central Chile, from the Berkeley James Col-
lection, which are pure spotless white. With this limited material
it appears premature to conclude that there are two distinct types.
It remains only to describe the three eggs, which are of a regular
oval form, rather glossy, the ground-colour pinkish white, thickly
speckled, especially towards the larger end, with bright reddish
brown. The measurements of all the eggs in the Collection vary
from -61 to -69 by from -48 to -52.

6. Central Chile {Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.

1. Chile. Crowley Bequest.

2. Santiago, Chile, 24th Oct. ( Tr stram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

Genus TROGLODYTES, Vieill.
Troglodytes aedon, Vieill.

Troglodytes aedon, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 149
(1874) ; Salv. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 98 (1880) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 87 (1903).

Troglodytes domesticus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 248 (1881).

The eggs of the American House- Wren are of a broad pointed oval
or spheroidal form, glossy and pinkish white, very closely speckled
and spotted with reddish brown and lavender. The markings are
sometimes so dense that little or nothing of the ground remains
visible. Specimens measure from -6 to -QQ in length, and from '48
to -52 in breadth.

6. N. America {Tristr. Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

6. N. America {Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

5. Rhode I., Mass., 2nd June. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. N. America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. N. America. Old Collection.

6. Massachusetts {Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Maryland (iV. G^^7e«; Smiths. Inst.). Princeton University, N.J.

[E.].

Troglodytes parkmanni, Aud.

Troglodytes parkmanni, Blakiston, Ibis, 1862, p. 5, 1863, p. 67.
Troglodytes aedon, var. parkmanni, Baird, Breioer 8f Bidgw. N. Amer.

Birds, i. p. 153 (1874).
Troglodytes parkmanni, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 88 (1903).

The eggs of the Western House-Wren resemble those of the
closely allied T. aedon.

1. 49th Parallel {G. M. Dawson). N. Amer. Bound. Comm.

1. Fort Carlton, Canada (i^. 7^^. ^/aA;i«- Crowley Bequest.

ton: Tristr 07)1 Coll.). " -

TROGLODYTES. 73

3. Fort Carlton, lOth June (F. W. B.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. British Columbia. Crowley Bequest.

2. San Francisco, California. Mav. W. Kadclifie Saunders, Esq.

[Rj. >

6. San Diego, California, Ist June. W . Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Troglodytes intermedius, Cab,

Troglodytes intermedius, Salv. 8f Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 100
(18*80) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. yi. p. 252 (1881) ; id. Hand-l iv.
p. 88 (1903).

The eggs of the Buddy-sided House- Wren in the Collection are
of an oval form, slightly glossy, pinkish white, freckled and mottled
with reddish brown and lavender. Two examples measure respec-
tively: -68 by -5; -65 by '51.

2. Guatemala. Salvin-Godman ColL

3. Irazu, Costa Rica, 4th June (C F. Crowley Bequest.

Underwood),

Troglodytes striatulns, Lafr.
(Plate Y. fig. 3.)

Troglodytes tessellatus, Scl. 8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 493.

Troglodytes furvus, Salv. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 101,

part. (1880).
Troglodytes striatulus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 254 (1881) ; id.

Hand-l. iv. p. 88 (1903).

The eggs of the Colombian House-Wren are of a broad oval form
and have a considerable amount of gloss. They are pinkish white,
densely spotted and freckled with reddish brown and lavender.
Three examples measure respectively : '76 by -54 ; -71 by '55 ; -74
by -55.

3. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.

{T. K. Salmon).
2. Medellin {T. K. S. : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Troglodytes musculns, Naum,

Troglodytes furvus, Thien. Fortpflanz. qes. Vog. tab. xii. fig. 14 (1845-54) ;

Dalgleish, Proo. R. Phys. Soc. Fdinb. viii. p. 81 (1883-5), x. p. 77

(1888-90) ; Scl. ^ Buds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 12 (1888) ; Holland, Ibis,

1892, p. 194.
Troglodytes musculus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 255 (1881) ;

NehrJc. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 47 (1899) ; von Ihering, Bev. Mus.

Paulista, iv. p. 199 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 88 (1903).

The eggs of the Brazilian House- Wren are of a regular oval form,
very glossy, pinkish white, minutely and densely stippled and
dotted with red and underlying lavender. Many specimens exhibit
a well-defined zone or cap of deeper red at the large end. They
measure from '64 to '7 in length, and from -5 to -53 in breadth.

/4 TROGLODYTID^.

6. Rio Janeiro, Brazil {Nehrkom Coll). Crowley Bequest.
1. J^rsizW. {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest,

3. Brazil. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
6. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].

Troglodytes hornensis, Less.

Troglodytes magellanicus, Bridges, P. Z. S. 1843, p. Ill j James, New

List Chilian Birds, p. 1 (1892).
Troglodytes hornensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 257 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 47 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 88

(1903).

The eggs of the Pale House- Wren, though in general resembling
those of T. domesticus, are subject to more variation. They are
pinkish white, marked with red and pale underlying lavender.
The markings consist of specks, spots, and tiny blotches, and while
in some specimens the ground-colour is almost entirely concealed
by them, in others more than half the ground remains visible.
The markings frequently form a dark zone or cap at the large end
of the egg. Examples measure from "54 to '7 in length, and from
•48 to '53 in breadth.

6.

Central Chile, Oct.

Berkeley James Coll.

6.

Central Chile, Oct.

Berkeley James CoU.

5.

Central Chile, Oct.

Berkeley James Coll.

7.

Central Chile, Sept.

Berkeley James Coll.

6.

Chile.

Old Collection.

1.

Chile {Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Chile.

Crowlev Bequest.

2.

Santiago, Chile.

E. C. Reed, Esq. [P.].

Genus ANORTHURA, Rennie.

Anorthura troglodytes {Linn.).

Troglodytes parvulus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xii. figs. 12, a, b
(1845-54) ; Fischer, J.f. 0. 1861, p. 14, tab. i. fig. 2 ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. iii. p. 219 (1873) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 505, pi. 11 (1883) ;
Irby, Orn. Sir. Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 75 (1895) j Seebohm, Eggs of Brit.
Birds, p. 216, pi. 54. fig. 2 (1896).

Troglodytes europaeus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43, fig. 1 (1855-63).

Anorthura vulgaris, Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i, p, 244, pi. Ixii.
fig. iii (1856).

Anorthura troglodvtes, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 269 (1881) : id.
Hand-l. iv. p. 91 (1903).

The eggs of the Common Wren are typically of a regular oval
shape, but many are more or less spheroidal. The ground-colour
is white, and this is sprinkled with minute specks of reddish brown,
sometimes evenly distributed over the entire shell, but more often
thicker towards the larger end. In some specimens, however, the
markings are larger, and these are often set over the broad end of
the egg only ; in others the specks are so minute and few in number

AXORTHURA. 75

that they might easily escape observation, and eggs absolutely
spotless are of frequent occurrence. They measure from -60 to -75
in length, and from '45 to '55 in breadth.

1. Stromness, Orkneys. Crowley Bequest.
9. England. Old Collection.

5. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

7. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [P. j.

4. Sparham, Norfolk, 18th May Seebohm Coll.

(F. Norgate).

6. Taplow, Berkshire, May. Gould Coll.

6. Bottisham Lock, Cambs., 13th May. Salvin-Godman Coll.
11. Alton, Hants, May. Crowley Bequest.

8. Alton, June. Crowley Bequest.

6. Avington, Hants, 18th May Seebohm Coll.

{R. B. Sharpe: Hargitt Coll.).

2. Finchley (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll.

5. Hampstead (O. iS'.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

9. Tilford, Surrey. Crowley Bequest.

7. Valkenswaard, HoUand, 19th May Seebohm Coll.

{H. Seebohm).

7. Pomerania, 3rd May (T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.
5. Pomerania, 9th May {T. H.). Seebohm Coll.

8. Pomerania, 16th May (T. H). Seebohm Coll.

9. Pomerania, 4th June ( T. H.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Gibraltar (Z. H. Irhy). Seebohm CoU.

Anorthura hirtensis {Seebohm).

Troglodytes hirtensis, Seebohm, Zool 1884, p. 333 ; id. Br. B. iii. p. 661

(1885) ; id. Eggs Br. B. p. 217, pi. 54. fig. 3 (1896). ^
Anorthura hortensis (err.), Sharpe, Handb. B. of Gt. Brit. i. p. 317 (1894).
Anorthura hirtensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 91 (1903).

The eggs of this large race of A. troglodytes, known as the St.
Kilda Wren, in the Collection, are of a creamy-white colour, spotted
and blotched with reddish, chiefly at the larger end, and in a bolder
manner than is usual with those of the ordinary species. They are
also unmistakably larger, measuring from '70 to '77 by from
•52 to -59.

5. St. Kilda, June (C. Z)u'cm). Seebohm Coll.

6. St. Kilda, 20th June. J. Steele EUiott, Esq. [P.].

Anorthura borealis, J. C. H. Fischer.

Troglodytes borealis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 76. fig. 16 (1855-63) ;

Fischei', J.f. O. 1861, p. 14, tab. i. fig. 1 ; Feilden, Zool. 1872, p. 3222 ;

Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 229 (1873) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii.

p. 43, pi. — (1875).
Anorthura borealis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 272 (1881); id.

Hand-l. iv. p. 91 (1903).

The eggs of the Faroe Island Wren resemble those of A. troglo-
dytes, but are more heavily spotted, and the percentage of unspotted
and feebly marked specimens is certainly less than with the typical
species. They measure from -68 to '8 by from -5 to "61 .

TROttLODYTID^.

4. [Iceland (Benzon).]

7 . Faroe Islands {!£. C. Milller : Hargitt
Coll.).

7. Faroe Islands {H. C. M.).

5. Faroe Islands {H. C. M.).

6. Faroe Islands {H. C. M.).
4. Faroe Islands [H. CM.).
6. Faroe Islands {H. C. M.).

3. Faroe Islands, 18tli May {H. C. M.).

4. Faroe Islands, 20th May {H. C M.).
4. Faroe Islands, 24tli May {H. C. M.).

4. Fariie Islands, 24th May {H. C. M.).
6. Faroe Islands, 26th May {H. C. 31.).

5. Faroe Islands, 28th May [H. C. M.).

3. Faroe Islands, 2nd June {H. C. M.).

5. Faroe Islands, 4th June {H. C. M.).

4. Faroe Islands, 4th June {H. C M.).

8, Faroe Islands, 4th June [H. C 31.).

3. Faroe Islands, 5th June {H. C 31.).
2. Faroe Islands, 8th June {H. C. 31.).

6. Faroe Islands, 14th June [H. C. M,).
6. Faroe Islands {H. W. Feilden).

1. Faroe Islands {H. C. 3Iuller).

4. Faroe Islands, 25th May {H. CM.).

5. Faroe Islands {H. C. 31.).

Salvin-Godmau Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Col. H. W. Feilden, C.B. [P.].

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Anorthura hiemalis (Vieill).

Anorthura troglodytes, v«r. hyemalis, Coues, B. N.- West, p. 33 (1874).
Anorthura troglodytes hyemalis, Coues, Birds Col. Vail. p. 176 (1878).
Troglodytes parvulus, var. hyemalis, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer.

Birds, i. p. 155 (1874).
Anorthura hiemalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 275 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 48 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 92 (1903).

The eggs of the Winter Wren in the Collection resemble, a8 stated
by Nehrkorn, those of CistotJiorus platensis, and are quite unlike
our other eggs of the genus Anorthura. They are of a regular oval
form, thickly speckled on a pinkish-white ground with bright reddish
and dull purplish brown, chiefly towards the larger end. They are
from '66 to -7 by from -46 to -51.

7. Victoria, Brit. Columbia.

Crowley Bequest.

Anorthura neglecta (BrooJcs).

Troglodytes nipalensis, Hume, Nests .§• Bggs Ind. Birds, 1st ed. p. 218

(1873).
Anorthura neglecta, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 278 (1881) ; Oates^

Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 338 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f

Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 221 (1889) ; Ostnaston, Journ. Bomb. Nat.

Hist. Soc. xi. p. 469 (1898) ; Wilson, t. c. xii. p. 635 ( 1899) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml p. 48 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 92 (1903).

The eggs of the Kashmir Wren resemble those of A. troglodytes,
and are of either an ordinary or broad short oval form. Sometimes
they are plain white ; but for the most part they are wjiite, deli-
cately and very sparingly speckled with rufous and lilacs. Four

CATHERPES. — HEMIURA. 77

examples measure respectively: -68 by '49; '6 by '5; '6 by '5;

•65 by -48.

1 . Kashmir, 2nd June ( W. E. Brooks). Hume Coll.

1. Kashmir, Ist July ( W. E. B.). Hume Coll.

2. Kashmiv {C. E. Cock : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

Genus CATHERPES, Baird.

Catherpes mexicanus (Swains.).

Catherpes mexicanus, Salv. Sf Oodm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 72
(1880) ; iSharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 281 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 48 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 93 (1903).

An egg of the Mexican White-throated Rock- Wren in the
Collection is of a blunt oval shape, and of a glossy white, sparingly
speckled with pale rufous and lilac, the minute markings being
more numerous at the larger end. It measures "71 by -55.

1. [Mexico.] Crowley Bequest.

Genus HEMIURA, Ridgw,
Hemiura solstitialis (Sclat.).

Troglodytes solstitialis, ScL ^ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 493 ; Salv. 8f Godm.

Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 102 (1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.

vi. p. 269 (1881).
Hemiura solstitialis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 94 (1903).

The eggs of the Rufous-necked House- Wren are broad ovals, finely
glossy, white, speckled with pale red and underlying lavender, more
densely at the large end of the e^^ than elsewhere. Two examples
measure respectively : -66 by '52 ; '68 by -53.

2. Sta. Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.

{J. K. Salmon).
1. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.

Hemiura brunneicollis (Sclat.).

Troglodytes brunneicollis, Salv. 8/- Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i.

p. 103 (1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 261 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 48 (1899).
Hemiura brunneicollis, Sharpe, Hand-l. B. iv. p. 94 (1903).

Two eggs of the Brown-necked House- Wren differ greatly from
one another in shape and markings. Both have the ground-colour
white. The shorter egg, which is of a blunt oval shape, has the
markings light Indian red, with underlying blotches of dull lavender ;
almost all these markings are confined to the larger end, where they
form an irregular cap or mass. In the second egg, which is larger
and of a longer oval shape, the markings are browner, more nume-
rous towards the smaller end, and form a wide interrupted zone

78 TROGLODYTID.E.

round the larger end. They measure respectively : '6 by '47 ;
•68 by -46.

2. Yucatan (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Genus HENICORHINA, Scl. Sf Salv.
Henicorhina leucophrys {Tschudi).

Ilenicorhina leucophrys, Scl. 8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 493 ; Salv. ^ Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves,\. p. 80 (1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
vi. p. 288 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 48 (1899) ; Sharpe^
Hand-l. iv. p. 95 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey-chested Wren in the Collection are of a
lengthened oval shape and moderately glossy. One example is of
a plain white colour ; a second is white, very lightly and minutely
speckled with pale rufous. They measure respectively : '8 by '53 ;
•82 by -57.

2. Frontino, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman CoU.
{J. K. Salmon).

Genus PNOEPYGA, Hodgs.
Pnoepyga albiventris (Hodgs.).

Pnoepyga squamata, Jei-d. Birds Ind. i. p. 488 (1862) ; Oates, Fauna

Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 342 (1889).
Pnoepyga albiventris, S/iarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 302 (1881) ; Oates

ed. Hume, Nests ^^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 223 (1889) ; Nehrh. Kat.

Eie)'samml. p. 48 (1899) ; Sliarpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 99 (1903).

The eggs of the Scaly-breasted Hill-Wren are of a broad oval
shape, slightly glossy, and .plain white, with very fragile shells.
Three examples measure respectively : -76 by '54 ; '75 by '55 ;
•73 by -56.

2. Mongphoo, Darjiling {J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

1. Darjiling; May. Hume Coll.

Pnoepyga pnsilla, Hodgs.

Pnoepyga pusilla, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 304 (1881); Oates^
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 343 (1889) ; Stuart Baker, Journ.
Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. ix. p. 10 (1894) ; La Touche, Ibis, 1899,
p. 410 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 99 (1903).

The eggs of the Brown Hill- Wren are of a broad oval shape, and
plain white. Four examples measure respectively: '7 by '53;
•69 by -54; -67 by -51 ; -7 by '52.

2. N. Cachar Hills, 16th Julv. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
2. Kuatun, N.W. Fohkien, China, 18th C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

April (J. D. La Tonche).

CiNCLIDiB. 79

Family CINCLID^. ^

Genus CINCLUS, Bechst.

The eggs of the Dippers are of a sharply-pointed oval form and
possess a considerable amount of gloss. They are all invariably
plain white, and the eggs of the different species cannot be separated
by any character.

Cinclus aquatic us, Bechst,

Cinclus aquaticus, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. tab. xxvii. figs. 4, a, h
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 35. fig. 13 (1855);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 77, pi. xxii. (1856); Dresser,
Birds Eur. ii. p. 167 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 307
(1881) ; Seehohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 253, pi. 11 (1883) ; id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 183, pi. 51. fig. 8 (1896) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml
p. 48 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 100 (1903).

The eggs of the Common White-throated Dipper measure from
•92 to -98 in length, and from "7 to '77 in breadth.

6. Drumnadrochit, Inverness-shire Seebohm Coll.
{A. Lawler : Hargitt Coll.).

3. Near Edinburgh {R. Small : Seebohm Coll.

Hargitt Coll.).
5. England. Crowley Bequest.

4. Northumberland ( W. Proctoi'). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Northumberland (jR. Greenwell). Seebohm CoU.

5. Cumberland (Hey sham). Gould Coll.
5. Cumberland {Hey sham). Gould Coll.
9. Cumberland {F. Nicholson : Seebohm Coll.

Hargitt Coll.).

3. Keswick, Cumberland (J. Law). Crowley Bequest.

5. Alston Moor, Cumberland, Ist June. Crowley Bequest.

4. Yorkshire. Lord Walsingbam [P.].

6. Ashopton, Derbyshire, 29th April Seebohm Coll.

{H. Seebohm).

5. Ashopton, 1st May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Wales. ^ Gould Coll.

2. Vosges Mountains, France {Mougel: Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).

5. Altenkirchen, Prussia, 13th May Seebohm Coll.

(C Sachse).

Cinclus albicoUis (Vieill.).

Cinclus albicoUis, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 181 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. vi. p. 310 (1881) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 100 (1903).

The two eggs of the Pale-backed White-throated Dipper in the
Collection measure respectively : 1-01 by '72 ; 1-06 by '71.

2. Parnassus, Greece, 11th May Seebohm Coll.

{H. Seehohm).

80 CINCLIDJC.

Cinclus cinclus (Linn.).

Cinclug melanogaster, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 177 (1874).
Cinclus cinclus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds ff. M. vi. p. 311 (1881) : id. Hand-l.
iv. p. 100 (1903).

Two eggs of the Black-bellied White-throated Dipper measure
respectively: 1-02 by '75; 1-02 by -79.

2. Norway. Crowley Bequest.

Cinclus kashmiriensis, Gould.

Cinclus cashmeriensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 312 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml p. 48 (1899).
Cinclus kashmiriensis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 162 (1890) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 100 (1903).

Three e^^% of the Brown-backed White-throated Dipper measure
respectively : 1*05 by '73 ; 1*02 by -73 ; -95 by '75.

2. Altai Mountains, May. Crowley Bequest.

1. Altai Mountains {Nehrkorn Coll). Crowley Bequest.

Cinclus leucogaster, Bonap.

Cinclus leucogaster, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 314 (1881) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 48 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 101 (1903).

The eggs of the White-bellied Dipper vary from '91 to 1'05 in
length, and from '71 to -8 in breadth.

3. Altai Mountains {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
6. Altai Mountains, May. Crowley Bequest.

2. Altai Mountains, May. Crowley Bequest.

Cinclus asiaticus, Swains.

Cinclus asiaticus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 314 (1881); Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 163 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 112 (^1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 101
(1903).

The eggs of the Himalayan Brown Dipper vary from '99 to 1-09
in length, and from '7 to '8 in breadth.

2. Mussoori {T. Hutton). Hume Coll.

2. Dharmsala, Himalayas, 20th March Hume Coll.

(C. R. Cock).

1. Dharmsala, 12th March {C. R. C). Crowley Bequest.

Cinclus mexicanus, Swains.

Cinclus mexicanus, Baird, Brewer ^ Ridqw. N. Amer. B. i. p. 56
(1874) ; Coues, B. N.- West, p. 10 (1874) ; id. B. Col. Vail. p. 89
(1878) ; Salvin ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 44 (1879) ;

MIMID^. 81

Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 317 (1881); id. Iland-l. iv. p. 101
(1903).

The eggs of the American Dipper in the Collection measure from
1 to 1*09 in length, and from -69 to -74 in breadth.

6. Colorado, 20th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Cinclus pallasi, Temm.

Cinclus pallasi, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 316 (1881); Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 164 (1890) ; La Touche, Ibis, 1899,
p. ] 93 ; Nehrk. Kat Mersamml. p. 48 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 101 (1903).

Two eggs of Pallas's Dipper measure respectively : 1*02 by '77 ;
1-02 by -79.

2. Kuatun, N.W. Fohlden, China, C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
March {J. D. La Touche).

Family MIMID^.

Genus MIMTJS, Bote.

The eggs of the genus Mimus are much alike in their general
character. In all of them the ground-colour is of a light tint
varying from greenish blue to greenish grey, and the markings,
which are most variable in their combinations and tints, even in
eggs of the same species, consist of spots, blotches, and clouds of
many shades of purplish-brown and russet.

Mimus polyglottus {Linn.),

Turdus polyglottus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 12, a, b

(1845-54).
Mimus polyglottus, Baird, Breiver 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 49

(1874); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 338 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 49 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 102 (1903).

The eggs of the American Mocking-Thrush are usually of a broad
oval form. They vary from greenish to bluish white, and are
spotted, blotched, and clouded with various shades of reddish and
purple-brown and underlying lavender-grey. The markings are
generally densest at the broad end, where they often form an
irregular cap. Specimens measure from "9 to 1*07 in length, and
from '68 to '8 in breadth.

3. North America [Audubon : Tris- Crowley Bequest,
tram Coll.).
VOL. IV. &

82 MIMID^.

S. North America {C. J. 4' F. Princeton University, N.J.[E.].

Pinnocli).

10. North America {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. North America. Old Collection.

4. New York (i). G. Elliot : Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.).

5. Grand Coteaii, Louisiana {Hen- Salvin-Godman Coll.

shaw Coll.).

6. Austin, Texas, 10th .Tune. W. EadcliiFe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
4. Texas, 15th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Mimus orphens (Linn.).
(Plate IV. fig. 16.)

Mimus polyglottus (nee Linn.), Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 144 (1847).
Mimus orphans, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 340 (1881) : Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 49 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 102 (1903).

The eggs of the Jamaican Mocking-Thrush are not distinguish-
able from those of M. j)oh/f/lotti(s. They measure from -91 to 1-08
in length, and from '7 to "75 in breadth.

10.

Jamaica.

Rev. Barham Zincke [P.].

1.

Jamaica, 14th May {Osburn).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

3.

Jamaica.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

1.

Jamaica.

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Jamaica.

W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Mimus trinrus ( Vieill.).

Mimus triurus, Hvdson, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 539 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
vi. p. 342 (1881) ; Scl. ^ Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 8 (1888) ; Holland,
Ibis, 1S97, p. 166; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 49 (1899); Sharjje,
Hand-l iv. p. 103 (1903).

Two eggs of the White-banded Mocking-Thrush in the Collection
are of a long narrow oval form and slightly glossy. They are pale
green, rather densely speckled with pale reddish brown and under-
lying lilac-grey. They measure respectively : 1*03 by '71 ; 1*1 by
•74.

2. Argentine Republic, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].

Mimus longicaudatus (Tschudi).
(Plate lY. fig. 17.)

Mimus longicaudatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 342 (1881);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 49 (1899) ; Sharpie, Hand-l. iv. p, 103
(1903).

The only egg of the Long-tailed Mocking-Thrush in the Collection
is almost elliptical in form, and in colour is very pale blue, spotted

MIMUS. 83

and streaked with light reddish brown over the whole surface, but
a little more thickly towards one end. It is slightly glossy, and
measures I'l by '8.

1. Peru {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Mimus thenca {Molina).

Tardus thenca, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 16 (1 845-54).
Mimus thenca, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1843, p. Ill ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.

vi. p. 345 (1881); James, New List Chilian Birds, p. 1 (1892);

Nehrk. Kat, Eiersamml. p. 49 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 103

(1903).

The eggs of the Chilian Mocking-Thrush vary in shape from a
narrow to a broad oval and are moderately glossy. In ground-colour
they range from bluish- to greenish-white or grey ; but the character
of the surface-markings appears to indicate the existence of two
types sufficiently distinct but nevertheless connected by intermediate
forms. The first type, which is that figured by Thienemann {I. c),
is regularly and rather thickly covered with freckles and short streaks
of pale reddish brown, somewhat denser at the larger end ; while the
eggs of the second type closely resemble in their bolder coloration
those of M. polyglottus.

An intermediate example, from Convento, has the freckles larger
and less numerous than in the first type, the ground-colour being
quite conspicuous. The eggs measure from 1*07 to 1'18 in length,
and from -79 to -91 in breadth.

3. Chile. Old Collection.

3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.

3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.

3. Central Chile, Oct, Berkeley James Coll.

3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.

1. Chile {T7'istram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

3. Santiago, Chile, 1st Dec. (Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

1. Convento, Chile, 1st Dec. Crowley Bequest.

Mimus modulator (Gould).
(Plate lY. fig. 15.)

Mimus modulator, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 347 (1881) ; Scl ^
Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 5 (1889) ; Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 194 ;
Aplin, Ibis, 1894, p. 162 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 49 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 103 (1903).

Mimus calandria, Dalgleish, Proc. R. Phys. Soc.Edin. viii. p. 81 (1880-1).

The eggs of the Calandria Mocking-Thrush resemble those of
M. polyglottus in colour, but they are rather larger. The general
coloration, moreover, is suffused with a more rosy tint ; and the seven
specimens from the Crowley Bequest, apparently selected from
various sets, are exceedingly handsome and richer, both in ground-

g2

84 MTMir),T5.

colour and markings, than ordinary eggs of M. j^olyglottiis. They
measure from r03 to 1-1 in length, and from '75 to '85 in breadth.

7. Argentine Republic. Crowley Bequest.

6. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].

1. Uruguay, 22nd Oct. O. V. Aplin, Esq. [P.].

2. Uruguay, 15th Nov. O. V. Aplin, Esq. [P.].
1. Uruguay. 0. V. Aphn, Esq, [P. J.

Mimns gilvus ( VieilL).

Mimus gracilis, Oiceti, Ibis, 1861, p. 60, pi. ii. fig. 2.

Mimus gilvus, ScL ^' Salv. 1\ Z. S. 1879, p. 492 ; Salv. 8>' Godm. B'lol.

Centr.-Amer., Ares, i. p. 36 (1879) ; Sharpej Cat. Birds B. M. vi.

p. 350 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 49 (1899) ; Shorxje,

Hand-l iv. p. 104 (1903).

The eggs of the Graceful Mocking-Thrush resemble very closely
those of M. polyglottus^ but one set of three from Grenada differs
80 much from the ordinary type that it deserves special mention.
To begin with, the eggs are all of a very long pointed oval form :
each differs strikingly from the others, the first being of a very clear
pale blue with only the faintest trace of yellowishi-brown spots ; the
second is densely freckled all over with tiny specks of pale reddish
brown, more so even than in the case of the first type of M. thenca
already described ; while the third egg has larger and less numerous
spots, allowing more ground-colour to be seen and thereby approach-
ing the ordinary type. The other set from Grenada is a handsome
one, the eggs being boldly marked and the colouring of the blotches
a rich red-brown. They measure from -92 to 1*1 in length, and
from -70 to -79 in breadth.

3. Grenada, W. Indies (/. G. Welh). Crowley Bequest.
3. Grenada, 3rd July (J. 6-'. W.). Crowley Bequest.

St. Vincent, W. Indies, May Salvin-Godinan Coll.

{Mrs. D. W. Smith).

Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.

San Geronimo, Guatemala, May Salvin-Godman Coll.

{R. Given).

San Geronimo, 30th May {R. O.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

San Geronimo, May {R. G.). Crowley Bequest.

Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.

(7'. K. Salmon).

Genus OREOSCOPTES, Baird.

Oreoscoptes montanus (Townsend).

(Plate lY. fig. 14.)

Oreoscoptes montanus, Coues, Birds N.-WeH, p. 7 (1874) ,• Baird, Brncer
^ Ridgic. N. Awer. Birds, i. p. 32 (1874) ; Coues, Birds Color. Vail.
p. 48 "(1878) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 333 (1881); Nehrk.
Kat. Eiermmml p. 48 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 106 (1903).

Tlie eggs of the Mountain Mocking-Thrush, or Sage-Thrasher,
have a very striking and handsome appearance. They 'are of a

GALEOSCOFIES.

85

broad oval form and possess a considerable amount of gloss. The
ground-colour is of a deep blue, much speckled and blotched,
especially at the larger end of the egg (where the markings are
collected into the form of a more or less distinct zone), with
chocolate or umber-brown and some underlying markings of lilac-
grey. They measure from -92 to 1-01 in length, and from '68 to
•71 in breadth.

2. Austin, Nevada, 3rd July {E. Ridg-

way : Tristram Coll.).
o. lieno, Nevada, liOth May [H. W.

Henshaio).
2. Fort Garland, Colorado, 22iid June

{H. W. R.).

Crowley Bequest.
Salviu-Godman Coll.
Salvia-GodniAu Coll.

Genus GALEOSCOPTES, Cah.
Galeoscoptes carolinensis {Linn.),

Tardus felivox, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 6 (1845-54),.
Mimus carolinensis, Lord, Froc. R.A. Inst., Woolwich, iv. p. 338 (1865) ;

Corns, Birds N.- West, p. 8 (1874).
Galeoscoptes carolinensis, Baird, Brewer 4' Ridyio. N.-Amer. Birds, i.

p. 52 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 335 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Cat. Biersatmnl. p. 48 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 106 (1903)..
Mimus (Galeoscoptes) carolinensis, Coues, Birds Color. Vail. p. 5Q

(1878).
Galeoscoptes bermudianus, Bangs i^ Bradlee, Auk, xviii. p. 253 (1901).

The eggs of the Cat-bird are of a regular oval form, highly glossy,
and of a deep greenish-blue colour. They measure from '87 to
1-04 in length, and from -63 to 'I'd in breadth.

13. North America {Henshaw Coll.).

8. North America {Smiths. Inst.).

6. North America.

4. North America.

1. British Columbia (/. K. Lord).

1. Pembina, Dakota, 4th June {G.

M. Dawson).

2. 49th Parallel (G. M. D.).

5. Princeton, New Jersey ( W. E. D.

Scott).
4. Princeton, 18th May ( W. E. D. S.).

3. Princeton, 27th May ( W. E. B. S. ) .
3. . Princeton, 27th May ( W.E. B. S:).
3. Princeton, 5th June ( W. E. B.S.).

3. Princeton, 9th June ( W. E. B. S.).

4. Princeton, 11th June ( W.E. B. S.).

2. Bermuda.
4. Bermuda.

6. Bermuda {J. Boog : Tristram

Coll.).

3. Mt. Langton, Bermuda, May

{Tristram Coll.)..

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Capt, Bruce Hutton [P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

N. Amer. Bound. Comm.
N. Amer. Bound. Comm.

N. Amer. Bound. Comm.
PrincetonUniversity, N.J. [E.].

PrincetonUniversity, N .J . [E.
PriucetonUni versity,N. J. [ E.'
PrincetonUniversity, N. J.f E.
PrincetonUniversity, N.J. fE."i
PrincetonUniversity, N. J.fE.I
PrincetonUniversity, N.J. [E.J,
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Purchased.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

86 MIMIDJ5.

Genus TOXOSTOMA, Wagl

It is somewhat difficult to give any satisfactory general descrip-
tion of the eggs of Toxostoma ; but it may be noticed that there are
two very distinct and extreme forms — one {T. rufum) in which the
pale greyish or greyish-blue ground-colour is almost concealed by
the fine markings of reddish brown all over the surface ; and the
other (T. crissale) of pure spotless blue of medium intensity.
Starting from T. rufum, the eggs would seem to run in a descending
scale of red markings and an ascending scale of blue ground-colour,
through T. longirostre, T. cinereum, T. hendirei, T. curvirostre,
T. jpalmeri, T. redivivum, and T. lecoyitei in the order named, to
T. crissale, the blue form.

Taken as a whole, the eggs of this genus do not vary much
in size ; they are only moderately glossy.

Toxostoma rufum {Linn.).

Turdus rufus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 21 (1845-54).

Harporhynchus rufus, Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 9 (1874) ; Baird, Brewer
(§• ilidgio. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 37 (1874) ; Coues, Birds Colorado
Vail. p. 61 (1878) ; Sharjje, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 353 (1881) ;
Nehrk. Kat. i:iersamml. p. 49 (1899).

Toxostoma rufum, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 106 (1903).

The eggs of the Brown Thrasher are of a regular oval form, and
are very pale grey or greyish blue, densely marked with minute
dots of light reddish brown. In most specimens the markings are
very uniformly distributed over the entire shell, but in a few they
are denser at the broad end and form an ill-defined cap. Specimens
measure from '94 to 1*14 in length, and from '72 to '8 in breadth.

7. North America (Tns^ram Co//.). Crowley Bequest.

4. North America {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. North America. Salvin-Godman Coll.

6. North America. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

3. Fort DufFerin, Manitoba, 16th June N. Amer. Bound. Comm.

{G. M, Daivson).

9. Massachusetts [Henshaiu Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Pennsylvania (k F. Baird). Princeton University, N.J. [E.].

2. New York {J. G. Bell: Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

Toxostoma cinereum {Xantus).

Harporhynchus cinereus, Xantus, Proc. Philad. Acad. 1859, p. 298;
Baird, Breiver ^ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 40 (1874) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 355 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 49
(1899).

Toxostoma cinereum, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 106 (1903). *

The eggs of the Cape St. Lucas Thrasher and of the species next
in order, the Arizona Thrasher, appear to have more general

XOXOSTOMA. 87

resemblance to those of the genus Mimus than to those of Toxostoma,
the surface-markings being fewer and larger, and in some examples
fainter than those on the typical eggs of T. rufum, though the -
form and size of the egg and the ground-colour do not show any
divergence. They measure from •90 to I'll in length, and from
•69 to -81 in breadth.

1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman OoU.

2. Cape St. Lucas, California {J. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Xantus : Smiths. Inst.).

3. Cape St. Lucas, 21st May {J. X. : Salvin-Godman Coll.

Smiths. Inst.).
2. Cape St. Lucas (J. X. ; Smiths. Crowley Bequest.
Inst.).

Toxostoma bendirei (Coues).
(Plate IV. fig. 18.)

Harporhynchus bendirei, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds j iii.

p. oUO (1874).
Harporhynchus bendirii, Coues, Birds Color. Vail. p. 67 (1878) ; Sharpe^

Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 356 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. EiersammL p. 49

(1899).
Toxostoma bendirei, Sharpen Hand-l. iv. p. 107 (1903).

The single egg of the Arizona Thrasher in the Collection is of a
rather broad blunt oval form ; the ground-colour is pale bluish grey ;
the rather faint surface-markings, which in the form of spots and
blotches are gathered together somewhat thickly at the larger end,
are of a pale lavender-grey beneath, and of a soft rosy-brown
above. It measures 1-04: by 'SO.

1. Tucson, Arizona, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Toxostoma longirostre (Lafr.).

Harporhynchus rufus, var. longirostris, Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer,

Birds, i. p. 39 (1874).
Harporhynchus longirostris, Salv. Sf Godm. Biol. Centr.-Am^er., Aves, u

p. 31 (1879) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 356 (1881) j Nehrk,

Kat. EiersammL p. 49 (1899).
Toxostoma longirostre, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 107 (1903).

Eggs of the Mexican Brown Thrasher are, as a whole, inseparable
from those of T. rufum, though the two from Matamoras (Salvin-
Godman Coll.) are less densely spotted and show more of the pale
bluish ground-colour than the rest. They measure from ^95 to 1*15
in length, and from -75 to •SI in breadth.

5. Brownsville, Texas, 2nd May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

5. Mexico. Crowley Bequest.

1. Matamoras, Mexico {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Matamoras {Lt. Couch : Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.

Coll.).

1. Matamoras (Tm^raw Co//.). Crowley Bequest.

88 MIMID^.

Toxostoma curvirostre (Swains.),
(Plate lY. fig. 19.)

Harporliynclius curvirostris, Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 41 (1874) ; Salv. ^ Godin. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 32
(1879) ; Ska7-pe, Cat. Birds B. M. yi. p. 358 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 49 (1899).

Toxostoma curvirostre, iSharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 107 (1903).

Eggs of the Grey Curve-billed Thrasher have the general character
of those of T. rufum and its allies, but differ from them in the
much more conspicuous and decided greenish-blue tint of their
ground and in the finer and lighter nature of the speckling, which
in the form of minute reddish-brown dots is evenly distributed
over their whole surface. But there are apparently exceptions to
this type, in which there exists a decided zone or cap at the larger
end, formed of a brighter and much denser gathering of the spots :
a large proportion of the ten eggs of the Crowley Bequest (from
Texas) are of this exceptional form, and much handsomer than
the ordinary eggs. The average measurements are I'll by '78.

2. Mexico {A. Forrer). Crowley Bequest.

1. Matamoras, Mexico {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Matamoras {Lt. Couch: Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.

Coll.),
4. Tampico, Mexico, 2nd May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
2. Oaxaca, Mexico. C. G. Rickards,Esq. [P.].

1. Texas (i^. CowcA; Smiths. Inst.). Crowley Bequest.
10. Texas {Field Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Toxostoma palmeri {Corns).

Ilarporhynchus curvirostris, var. palmeri, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw.

N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 43 (1874).
Harporhynchus palmeri, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 359 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Fiersamml. p. 50 (1899).
Toxostoma palmeri, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 107 (1903).

The single eg^ of Palmer's Curve-billed Thrasher in the Collection
is exactl} like the typical eggs of T. curvirostre already described.
It measures 1*12 by '77.

1. Tucson, Arizona, 16th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Toxostoma redivivnm (Gamhel).

Harporhynchus redivivus, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.

p. 45 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 360 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 50 (1899),
Toxostoma redivivum, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 107 (1903).

The eggs of the California Thrasher in the Collection resemble
those of T. curvirostre, but the ground-colour is decidedly bluer

TOXOSTOMA. 89

and the markings are larger, being in the form of spots rather than
speckles or dots. They measure from I'lO to 1*25 in length, and
from -80 to -88 in breadth. **

1. California {Smiths, hist.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. [California.] Crowley Bequest.

2. xMonterey, California (C A. Cau- Crowley Bequest.

Jield : Smiths. Inst.).
4. San Diego, California, 15th March. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Toxostoma lecontei (Lawr.).
(Plate IV. fig. 20.)

Harporhynchusredivivus, var. lecontei, Baird. Brewer <^ Ridgio. N.-Amer,

Birds, i. p. 44 (1874).
Harporhynchus redivivus lecontii, Cones, Birds Color. Vail. p. 70 (1878).
Harporhynchus lecontii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 861 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 50 (1899).
Toxostoma lecontei, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 108 (1903).

The egg of Leconte's Thrasher from Nevada is indistinguishable
from examples of T. redivivum ; but the clutch from S. Bernardino,
California, are of a brighter and clearer blue, marked with a very
few spots and specks of reddish brown, chiefly at the broader end of
the egg. These three measure respectively : 1*06 by '81 ; 1'05
by -8 ; 1-15 by '78 ; and the Nevada egg 1-10 by -81.

1. Nevada. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

3. S. Bernardino, Colorado Desert, W. G. Wright, Esq. [P.].

California, 15th May *.

Toxostoma crissale (Henry).
(Plate IV. fig. 21.)

Harporhynchus crissalis, Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.

p. 47 (1874) ; Coues, Birds Color. Vail. p. 73 (1878) ; Shat-pe, Cat.

Birds B. M. vi. p. 3(31 (1881) j Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 50

(1899).
Toxostoma crissale, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 108 (1903).

The three eggs of the Eufous-vented Thrasher in the Collection
are of a uniform spotless greenish-blue colour and rather glossy,
resembling in every respect those of the next genus Melanotis, and
thereby differing from all others of their own genus. They measure
respectively : 1*01 by -81 ; 1-09 by '79; and 1-08 by -80.

1. California {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

2. [California.] Crowley Bequest.

* The parent birds and nest, accompanying these eggs, are now mounted in
the Bird Gallery of the Natural History Museum.

90

MIMID^.

Genus MELANOTIS, Bonap,

Melanotis caerulescens (Swains.).

Melanotis caerulescens, Salv. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 28
(1879) ; iS/iarps, Cat Birds B. M. vi. p. 862 (1881) ; ^'ehrk. KaU
JSiersatnml p. 50 (1899) j Sharpe, Iland-l iv. p. 108 (1903).

The two eggs of the Slaty -blue Mocking-Thrush in the Collection
are glossy and of a regular oval form. They are of a spotless
greenish blue, of a decided tint, and measure respectively 1'05 by
•72 and 1*03 by '71. Nehrkorn describes the eggs as spotted, but
all the available information respecting the eggs of the genus seems
to indicate that they are spotless.

2. [Mexico.] Crowley Bequest.

Melanotis hypoleucus, Hard.

Melanotis hypoleucus, Scl. 8f Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 7 ; Salv. 8f Godm. Biol.
Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 29 (1879) ; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. vi.
p. 363 (1881) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 108 (1903).

The two eggs of the White-breasted Blue Mocking-Thrush in the
Collection are of a narrow oval form and have a considerable amount
of gloss. They are of a plain unspotted bluish-green colour, rather
lighter than those of M. ccerulesccns. They are of the same size,
measuring 1"20 by -75.

2. Duenas, Guatemala, 30th May Sahin-Godman Coll.

(O. Salvin).

Genus MARGAROPS, Sclat.

Margarops fuscatus ( Vieill.).

Cichlherminia fuscata, A. Sf E. Newton, Ibis, 1859, p, 141, pi. xii. fig. 8 ;

Sharpe^ Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 329 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 48 (1899).
Margarops fuscatus, Sharps, Hand-l. iv. p. 110 (1903).

The eggs of the White-eyed Mocking-Thrush are somewhat

narrow pointed ovals, with a fair amount of gloss and of a plain

greenish-blue colour. They measure from 1-17 to 1*35 in length,
and from -8 to '9 in breadth.

2. St. Croix, West Indies, June {A. 8f Salvin-Godman Coll.
E. Newton).

1. St. Croix, July {A. ^ E. N). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. St. Croix {A. ^ E. N). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. St. Croix, July [A. ^' E. N). Crowley Bequest.

5. St. Thomas, West Indies {Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

TITRDIDiB. 91

Family TURDID^E.

Genus PLATYCICHLA, Baird.

PlatycicMa flavipes ( Vieill.)
(Plate Y. fig. 5.)

Merula flavipes, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 253 (1881) ; Sharpe in
Seehohm's Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 81 (1900) j von Ihering, Rev. Mus.
Pauiista, ii. p. 199 (1900).

Platycichla flavipes, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. Ill (1903).

The three eggs of the Brazilian Grey Ouzel are of a narrow oval
shape and of a dull surface. They are pale greenish blue, rather
coarsely blotched and spotted with reddish brown and lilac-grey.
In two of the examples the blotches are larger at the broad end
than elsewhere. They measure respectively : l'2bv8; 1*1 8 by '8;
1-22 by -8.

3. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Alexander Fry, Esq. [P.].

Platycichla venezuelensis, Sharpe.

Merula flavipes, aitct. pt, ex Venezuela.

Merula carbonaria, Nelirk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 38 (1899).

Merula venezuelensis, Sharpe in Seebohm^ s Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 83

(1900).
Platycichla venezuelensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. Ill (1903).

The eggs of the Venezuelan Grey Ouzel are represented in
the Collection by four specimens from the Crowley Bequest.
They resemble those of P. flavipes in colour, but are smaller,
rather more glossy, and, in general appearance, brighter. One
of the four differs from the others in being very thickly spotted and
streaked all over, but little ground-colour being visible. In size they
vary from '96 to I'll in length, and from '73 to '79 in breadth.

4. Venezuela (Gugenheimer). Crowley Bequest.

Genus MYIEDESTES, Swaim.

Myiedestes ralloides (d'Orh.).

(Plate VII. fig. 16.)

Myiadestes ralloides, Sol. ^ Salv, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 492.

Myiadectes ralloides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 375 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 50 (1899).
Myiedestes ralloides, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 113 (1903).

The eggs of the Andean Solitaire are of a rather broad, pointed,
oval shape, and slightly glossy. The ground is white or pinkish-

"f^

92

TURI)ID.B.

white, somewhat thickl}' speckled and mottled, especially at the
broad end, with bright chestnut, brownish lilac, and lavender-grey.
Pive examples measure from -91 to 1*02 in length, and from -67 to
•7 in breadth.

3. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
2. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.

Genus COCHOA, Hodgs.

Cochoa viridis, Hodgs.
(Plate V. fig. 6.)

Cochoa viridis, SJiarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 2 (1879) ; Oatei^, Faujia
Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 160 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eyyslnd.
Birds, ii. p. Ill (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 115 (1893).

An egg of the Green Thrush in the Collection is elliptical in shape
and very glossy. It resembles many of the eggs of the Common
Blackbird {Merula menda), being pale greyish green, densely speckled
and mottled with reddish brown and pale lavender. It measures
1-03 by -75.

1. Native Sikhim, 10,000 feet, June. Hume Coll.

Genus MIMOCICHL A, Scl.

Mimocichla rubripes (Temm.).

(Plate V. fig. 17.)

Turdus rubripes, de la Sagra, Cuba, Ois. p. 46 (1839).

Mimocichla rubripes, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 283 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 38 (1899) ; Sharpe in Seebohm^s Mon. Turdidce^

ii. p. 213 (190l>) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 115 (1903).

A single Qgg of the Cuban Grey Thrush in the Collection is rather
handsome. It has a cream-coloured ground, and some shell-
markings of lavender-grey, the whole surface being thickly streaked
and mottled with rich though not very dark chestnut. Size 1-19

by -88.

1. Cwhdi. {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Genus MERULA, Leach,

Merula mernla {Linn.).

(Plate VIII. figs. 1-4 & 7.)

Turdus merula, Thien. Fortpfanz. ges. Viiij. tab. xxiv. fig. 20, a-c (1845-
54) ; Baedeker, Eier 'Bin\ Vog. tab. 4. fig. 8, tab. 75. fig. 9
(1855-63); Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 91, pi. xxv. figs, i

MERULA. 93

& ii (185C) ; Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 311 ; Godman, Ibis, 1866, p. 95;
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 209 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 91
(1872).
Merula merula, Seebohm. Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 235 (1881) ; id. Brit.
Birds, i. p. 235, pi. 8 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 181, pi. 60.
figs. 11 & 12 (1896); Sharpe in Seebohm^ s Mon. Twdidce, ii. p. 1
(1899); Neh-k. Kat. Eiersa?mnl. p. 37 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l.iv.
p. 117 (1903).

Eggs of the Blackbird are mostly of an oval form ; a few are
pyriforra, and others are spheroidal. They differ considerably in
size and colour. As a rule they exhibit a considerable amount of
gloss.

The most common type has the ground-colour bluish green, marked
in various ways with pale chestnut or reddish brown and various
tints of lilac. In typical specimens the markings are small and
very dense and evenly distributed over the whole surface ; in others
the markings are minute and at the same time rather sparingly
scattered over the egg. Others again are marked with spots and
streaks of considerable size, and a few with clouds and smears. At
the broad end of the eg^ there are often some black specks and lines.
In addition to the above ordinary forms many striking varieties of
Blackbird's eggs are met with, and a fair proportion of these is
contained in the Museum Collection. Some are unspotted pale
blue ; some are blue, with a few faint brownish spots ; some are
plain blue, with a massive cap of rich reddish brown at the broad
end, extremely handsome; and others are creamy white, evenly
spotted and streaked all over with pale chestnut. It may, perhaps,
be worthy of mention that among the large number of clutches in
the Collection, there are only two containing the odd light bluish-
coloured variety which occurs so much more frequently among the
clutches of the Fieldfare.

Specimens measure from 1 to 1*30 in length, and from -75 to -93
in breadth.

4. Co. Waterford, Ireland, 20th April. Miss F. Keane [P.],

4. Dochfour, Inverness {Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.).

3. Lochend, Inverness {Hargitt Seebohm Coll.

Coll.).

4. England. Old Collection.

2. Kendal, Westmoreland, April. A. Garnett, Esq. [P.].
4. Wilstrop, Yorkshire, 23rd May Seebohm Coll.

(/. Harrison : Hargitt Coll.).

3. Wilstrop, 28th May {J. H. : Har- Seebohm Coll.

gitt CoU.).

3. Sheffield {H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.

2. Sheffield {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Sheffield {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Clumber, Notts, 9th May {II. S.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [P.]

" " ----- ^,pT

4. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq

5. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq
5. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [l

94

TURDID^.

5. Cambridge, 23rd May.

5. Norfolk, 22nd April (F. Norgate).
4. Norfolk, 23rd May {F. N.).

4. Taplow, Berkshire.
3. Ascot, Berkshire.

2. Ascot.

3. Bentley, Hampshire, 24th April

{Hargitt Coll.).

4. Bentley, 27th April {Hargitt

Coll).

3. Bentley, 1st May {Hargitt Coll).

4. Binsted, Hampshire, 4th May

{E. Hargitt).

3. Avington. Hampshire, May {G.

E. Shelley : Hargitt Coll.).

4. Avington, May (G. E. S. : Har-

gitt Coll.).

6. Alton, Hampshire.
14. Alton.

1. Hastings, Sussex, 13th May.

3. Godalming, Surrey, June.

5. Tilford, Surrey.

3. Walton Oaks, Surrey.

4. Middlesex.

5. Middlesex.

2. Stanmore, Middlesex {Hargitt

Coll.).

4. Wimbledon, Middlesex.

4. Wimbledon.

1. Epping Forest.

2. Dunmow, Essex, 25th March.
4. Loughton, Essex (O. Salvin).

3. Valkenswaard, Holland, 14th May

[H. Seebohm).

4. Valkenswaard, 23rd May {H. S.).

5. Valkenswaard, 28th May {H S.).
1. Malaga, Spain {H. Saunders).

3. Malaga {H. S.).

3. Fayai, Azores {F. D. Godjnan).

3. Madeira, 5000 feet, 14th April

(W.B. O.-G.).

4. Madeira, 5000 feet, 12th May

(W.JR. O.-G.).
1. Kef Laks, Algeria, April (O.

Salvin).
3. Parnassus, Greece, 12th May {H.

Seebohm ^ T. Kriiper).
1. Parnassus, 21st May {H. S. ^'

T. K.).

3. Smyrna, 3rd Mtiy {T. Kriiper).

4. Nymphion, Asia Minor, 6th

June {H S.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
C. P. Leach, Esq. [P.].
C. P. Leach, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
A. H. B. Kirkman,

:,g-l

Esq.

E. E. Green, Esq. [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Miss Fischer [P.].
Seebohm Colt
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

McCormick Bequest.
McCormick Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
A. P. MackliD,E8q. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

W. Pt. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq.

[P.].
Hon. C. Baring and W. R.

Ogilvie-Grant, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

MERULA.

95

Merula mandarina, Bonap.

Turdus mandarinus, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1861, p. 38.

Merula mandarina, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 238 (1881); La
Touche, Ibis, 1892, p. 412 ; Sharpe in Seebohm' s Mon. Turdidce,
ii. p. 17 (1899) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 37 (1899) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l iv. p. 118 (1903).

A considerable series of the eggs of the Chinese Ouzel are quite
indistinguishable from those of Turdus viscivorus ; they are but
little liable to variety in colour or form. In size they range from
1-05 to 1-30 in length, and from -84 to -92 in breadth.

Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.

1

27. Amoy, China (R. Sivinhoe).

2. Amoy {B. Sioinhoe).

1. Foochow, China, June.

2. Foochow, 15th May.
6. Foochow, 15th May.
5. Foochow, 23rd May.
2. Chinkiang, N.W. Fohkien, 20th

April.

Merula bonlboul {Lath.),

Merula boulboul, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 243 (1881) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Lnd., Birds, ii. p. 130 (1890) ; id. ed. JSume, Nests Sf
Eggs lnd. Birds, ii. p. 93 (1890) ; Sharpe in Seebohrn's Mon. Turdidm,
ii. p. 19 (1899) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 37 (1899) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 118 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey- winged Ouzel in the Collection form a very
striking and handsome group. They are of a regular oval form, and
slightly glossy. The ground-colour, where visible, is a pale greenish
blue, generally profusely streaked, mottled, and clouded with
very bright reddish brown. In many specimens the ground is
almost entirely concealed by the markings. Some varieties have a
massive reddish cap at the broad end ; others are less heavily
blotched with pale brown and purplish grey; and a remarkably
pretty type occurs in which the bright bluish-green ground-colour
is but little hiddeii by the bold grouping of rich brown streaks and
spots. The eggs measure from 1*11 to 1*30 in length, and from
•80 to -91 in breadth.

6. Himalayas.

3. Himalayas.

2. Himalayas.

3. Near Simla.

1. Kotegarh, 3rd May.

1. Binsur, 8th Aug.

3. Darjiling, Sikhim, May.

1 . Darjiling.

2. Rishap, Sikhim.
1. Mongphoo, Sikhim, 16th

(J. Gammie).

7. Mongphoo, 1st June {J. G.).

May

W. Radcliflfe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll,

Hume Coll.

96 TTJEDIDJB.

Merula albocincta, RoyU.

Merula albicincta, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 127 (1890) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 92 (1890) ; Osmastoti,

Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi, p. 66 (1897) ; Sharpe in Seebohm^s

Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 23 (1900).
Merula albocincta, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 245 (1881) ; Sharpe^

Hand-l. iv. p. 118 (1903).

The e^^ of the White-collared Ouzel in the Collection is of a
regular oval form and fairly glossy. It is greyish white, spotted
and blotched, more densely at the broad end than elsewhere, with
brownish red and rich lilac, the markings of the latter colour being
rather conspicuous. It measures 1*23 by '87.

1. Native Sikhim, 27tli June. Hume Coll.

Merula serrana (Tschudi).

Tardus serranus, Scl. Sf Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 491.

Merula serrana, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. \. p. 239 (1881) ; Sharpe in

Seehohm^s Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 41 (1900) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 118

(1903).

The Q^^ of the Peruvian Black Ouzel in the Collection is of a
creamy-white colour, blotched and streaked with pale chestnut and
underlying lavender, more densely about the broad end than else-
where. It measures 1*17 by 'SI. This specimen appears to have
faded, for in 1879 Messrs. Sclater and Salvin described the ground-
colour as being pale greenish blue.

1. Frontino, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
{T. K. Salmon).

Merula atrisericea {Lafr.).

Merula atrosericea, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 239 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. EiersammL p. 37 (1899) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon. Turdid<B,

ii. p. 43 (1900).
Merula atrisericea, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 118 (1903).

The eggs of the Venezuelan Black Ouzel are of a pointed oval
shape and moderately glossy. They are cream-coloured, densely
mottled and blotched, especially at the broad end where the
markings are confluent, with bright reddish brown or chestnut.
Three examples measure respectively: 1-1 by '76; 1*1 by '8;
lby71.

3. Wneziiela (NehrJiorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

MERULA.

Merula samoensis, THstr.
(Plate Y. fig. 12.)

Merula vanicorensis, Finsch 8f Hartl. Fauna Centr,-Polyn. p. 97, tab. i.

fig. 3 (1867) ; Whitmee, Ibis, 1875, p. 439.
Turdus vanicorensis, NehrTc. J. f. O. 1879, p. 405.
Merula samoensis, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 242 (1881) ; Sharpe

in SeehohtrCs Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 51 (1900) ; Nehrk.Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 37 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 118 (1903).

The description of the eggs of the Samoan Black Ouzel, given
by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe in Seebohm's ' Monograph of the Turdidae,'
vol, ii. p. 51, is so accurate that it is here utilized : — " Eggs
" collected by Mr. Whitmee are of two types and vary consider-
" ably in size. In one form the ground-colour is light bluish
" green, thickly spotted and flecked with pale reddish brown, and
" faint greyish-brown underlying spots. In the other type the
" ground-colour is of a stone-colour or light blue, against which the
" pale rufous spots and flecks are more in contrast and show up rather
" more plainly than in the blue-green type."

This description will be found to include the other eggs in the
Collection. In size the eggs vary from 1*10 to 1-31, by from '76
to -88.

1.

Samoa.

Rev. S. J. Whitmee [C.].
Kev. S.J. Whitmee [C.1.

2.

Samoa.

2.

Samoa, Feb.

Rev. S. J. Whitmee

[C^

1.

Samoa, May.

Rev. S. J. Whitmee

c.

1.

Samoa, Oct.

Rev. S. J. Whitmee

c:

2.

Samoa.

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Samoa {Godeffroy

Mtiseum).

Seebohm Coll.

Merula nigrorum (Ogilvie- Grant),
^^Flate Y. fig. 18.)

Turdus mgroTum, Ogilvie- Grant, Ibis, 1896, p. 544; id. ^ WTiifehead,

Ibis, 1898, p. 238, pi. v. figs. 8, 9.
Merula nigrorum, Sharpe in Seebohm^s Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 65 (1900) ;

id. Hand-l. iv. p. 119 (1903).

Two eggs of the Negros-Island Ouzel in the Collection, taken by
Mr. Whitehead in 1896, are of a regular oval form and fairly glossy.
They are of a greenish- or bluish-grey colour, thickly mottled and
blotched with two shades of rather bright chestnut-red. The
markings are evenly distributed over the shell, but are in bolder
blotches on one egg than the other. The eggs measure respectively :
1-16 by -82; 1-17 by '84.

2. Canloan Volcano, Negros Island, J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Philippines, 12th April.

VOL. IV.

k

98

TURDIDJI.

Morula nigropileus (Lafr.).

(Plate V. figs. 9 & 11.)

Merula nigropileus, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 250 (1881); Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 126 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 91 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 87
(1899) ; Sharpe in Seehohm' s Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 67 (1900) ; id.
Hand'l. iv. p. 119 (1903).

The eggs of the Black-capped Ouzel are of a broad oval form and
fairly glossy. They are of a pale greenish-grey or greenish -blue
colour, marked with small spots and larger blotches of pale brown,
reddish brown or chocolate, and underlying lilac or lavender. The
markings generally form more or less of a cap at the broad end, but
in two specimens the cap is at the pointed end. The eggs measure
from 1-04 to 1*12 in length, and from '79 to -85 in breadth.

3. Khandala, India. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

1. Lonauli, Khandala, India, 27th Hume Coll.

July (jff. Wenden).

1. Lonauli, 2nd Aug, Hume Coll.

1. Lonauli, 6th Aug. Hume Coll.

1. Lonauli, 13th Aug. Hume Coll.

1. Lonauli, 14th Aug. Hume Coll.

1. Lonauli, 17th Aug. Hume Coll.

Merula simillima (Jerd.).

Merula simillima, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 251 (1881) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 124 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
^ Eggs ind. Birds, ii. p. 88 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 37 (1899) ; Sharjje in Seehohm' s Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 71 (1900);
id. Hand-l. iv. p. 119 (1903).

The eggs of the Nilghiri Ouzel in the Collection are all from the
Nilghiri Hills, the bulk of them coming with the Hume Collection.
Consequently the excellent description of the eggs given in Hume's
' Nests and Eggs of Indian Birds,' 2nd ed. vol. ii. pp. 89, 90, is here-
with given verbatim : — " The eggs are very similar to many varieties
" of those of the European Blackbird. In shape they are commonly
" a broad oval, pointed towards one end ; but, as in the case of our
"English favourite, the eggs are sometimes elongated and often
" perfectly oval, the smaller end being rounded and obtuse. The
*' ground-colour varies somewhat, being sometimes of a beautiful
" bright blue-green, at others of a dull olive-green, and various
" intermediate shades occur.

" They are richly speckled, mottled, and streaked, and at times
" even boldly blotched, with brighter and duller, deeper and lighter
*' shades of brownish red, not unfrequently underlaid by faint spots
*• and clouds of purplish pink or grey. The markings vary a good
" deal in extent and frequency, but, in perhaps a majority of the
*' eggs, form a more or less conspicuous and confluent cap at the large

MERFLA.

99

" end. In some eggs all the markings are very fine and minute,
" laid on, as it were, with a very fine-pointed hrush ; in others they
"are coarse and streaky, and occasionally bold, blotchy, and •well
" defined.

" Specimens occur which could scarcely be separated from
" varieties of the English Ring-Ouzel's egg. The eggs have usually
" a slight gloss, and some specimens are highly glossy. As already
" mentioned, in some examples secondary markings, small purple
" clouds and spots, appear to underlie the red-brown blotches."

In size the eggs range from 1*02 to 1*30 in length, and from '78
to '93 in breadth.

1.

2.

Nilghiri Hills (Tristram Coll.).

Nilghiri Hills, Ist April.

Nilghiri Hills, April.

Nilghiri Hills, April.

Nilghiri Hills, May.

Nilghiri Hills, 9th May.

Ootacamund, Nilghiri Hills.

Curzon, Nilghiri Hills, 4th April.

Curzon, 8th April.

Curzon, 30th April.

Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills.

Coonoor.

Coonoor, 3rd April.

Coonoor, 9th April.

Coonoor, 10th April.

Coonoor, 20th May.

Kotagherry, Nilgluri Hills, 1st May
(Miss Cockburn).

Kotagherry, 6th May (Miss Cock-
btirn).

Kotagherry, 9th May {Miss Cock-
burn).

Kotagherry, 14th May {Miss Cock-
burn).

Kotagherry, 16th May {Miss Cock-
burn).

Kotagherry, 17th May {Miss Cock-
bum).

Kotagherry, 30th May {Miss Cock-
burn).

Kotagherry, 10th June (Miss
Cockburn).

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Merula bourdilloni, Seebohm.

Merula bourdilloni, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 251 (1881) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 125 (1890) ; id. ed,

Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p.
Turdid<B, ii. p. 75 (1900) :

Hume, Nests
91 (1890); Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon.
id. Hand-l. iv. p. 119 (1903).

The egg of Bourdillon's Ouzel in the Collection, which is one of
those taken b^' Major Terry and mentioned in Hume's ' Nests and

h2

100 TURDID^.

Eggs of Indian Birds,' 2nd ed. vol. ii. p. 91, is of a regular oval shape
and possesses a considerable amount of gloss. It is of a pale greenish-
blue colour, mottled and speckled all over with dull rufous brown
and underlying lilac. It measures 1*07 by 81, and is undistinguish-
able from small eggs of M, simillima.

1. Palani Hills, Southern India, Major Horace A. Terry [P.].

3rd June.

Merula kinnisi, Bhjth.

Turdus kinnisi, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 449 (1879).

Merula kinnisi, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 252 (1881) ; Oates^
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 124 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 90 (1890); Sharpe in Seebohm^s Mon.
TurdidcB, ii. p. 77 (1900) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 119 (1903). "

Two eggs of the Ceylon Ouzel in the Collection are somewhat
unlike both in size and in the character of the markings. The
ground-colour of both is a pale bluish green: the smaller egg,
which measures 1'15 by '86, is boldly blotched, especially at the
larger end, with rich rufous brown, with a very few smaller spots of
the same colour here and there ; the larger specimen measures 1-25
by '89, and is more closely covered with smaller spots of a rather
darker tint, forming at the larger end a thickish cap.

1. Uda Pusulawa, Ceylon, Jan. {A. L. Crowley Bequest.
Bidler).

1. Newara Eliya, Ceylon, Jan. {A.L. Crowley Bequest.

Butler).

Merula ludoviciae, Lort Phillips.

(Plate y. fig. 7.)

Merula ludovicise, Lort Phillips, Bull. B. O. C. iv. p. xxxvi (1895) ; id.
Ibis, 1896, p. 383 ; id. Ibis, 1896, p. 78 ; Sharpe in Seebohrn's Mon.
TurdidcB, ii. p. 79 (1900) ; id. Hand-l iv. p. 119 (1903).

As the two eggs of the Somali-land Ouzel in the Collection were
taken by Mr. Lort Philips in Somaliland, and described by him in
the * Ibis ' for 1896, we cannot do better than quote from his
account of the birds and their nest as follows : — " The eggs were
" two in number, of a very delicate type for a Blackbird. The
" ground-colour is a very pale greenish blue, plentifully sprinkled
*' with tiny spots of rufous, clouding together at the larger end ;
" the underlying markings and spots are faint purplish grey. Axis
" 1-10 in., diam. '75 in."

2. Somali-land {E. L. P.). E. Lort PhiUips, Esq. [P.].

MEUULA.^ ^' '\ '...'/'/ \/, '^' :^V' ' f^\

Merula poliocephala {Lath.). "*

(Plate V. fig. 19.)

Merula poKocepliala, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 528J[ (1865) ;
Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 258 (1881) ; North, Nests 8f Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 411 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 38 (1899) ;
Sharpe in Seebohm^s Mon. Turdidee, ii. p. 91 (1900) ; id. Hand-l. iv.
p. 119 (1903).

There is not much variety among the eggs of the Norfolk-Island
Ouzel in the Collection. They are of a creamy white, in some
instances tinged with pink, somewhat sparingly mottled, blotched
and spotted over the whole surface with pale rufous and lavender.
In form they are regular, or slightly elongated, ovals. They measure
from 1-07 to 1-21 by from -80 to -85.

1. Norfolk Island. Gould Coll.

1. Norfolk Island, 9th Oct. Seebohm Coll.

4. Norfolk Island, Oct. Dr. W. M. Crowfoot [P.].

1. Norfolk Island {E. L. Layard: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).

1 . Norfolk Island, 9th Nov. ( Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

2. Norfolk Island, Nov. {Crowfoot Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

Merula celaenops, Stejneger.

Turdus celaenops, Stejn. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1887, p. 484.

Merula celaenops, Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 60 (1890) ; Sharpe in

Seebohm' s Mon. Turdidee, ii. p. 165 (1902) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 121

(1903).

Of the eight eggs of the Seven-Islands Ouzel in the Collection, one
pair are strikingly different in ground-tint from the rest. The
majority are cream-coloured, but these two are bright greenish blue,
having a few lilac under-markings towards the larger end, and being
somewhat sparingly but boldly and handsomely blotched with
brownish red, chiefly in the form of an irregular cap.

The cream-coloured eggs are for the most part more thickly,
though quite as boldly, blotched with a brighter chestnut-red, the
markings being, if anything, a trifle larger and more numerous at
the broad end ; but one pair, from the Radcliffe-Saunders Collection,
have smaller markings and a more freckled appearance than the
others. The variations in size are from 1*15 to 1-21 in length, and
from '79 to '90 in breadth.

4. Hachijo Island, Japan, 10th May Crowley Bequest.

{Owston).
2. Hachijo Island, 12th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
2. Hachijo Island, 6th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P-].

Merula erythropleura, Sharpe.
(Plate V. figs. 14 & 15.)

Turdus erythropleurus, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1887, p. 515.

Merula erythropleura, Lister, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 517 ; Sharpe in Andrews^ s

Mon. Christmas Island^ p. 49 (1900) ; id. in Seebohm^s Mon. Turdidce,

ii. p. 173 (1902) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 121 (1903).

Like M. nigrorum, the Christmas-Island Ouzel appears to lay
only two eggs in a clutch. The two sets in the Collection are of
different types. The eggs of one are of a blunt oval form and of a
pale bright bluish colour, spotted and blotched with rich dark
purple-brown, the markings forming a large cap at the broad end.
Those of the second clutch are of an elongated oval form and of
a rather darker blue colour, evenly mottled and blotched all
over, without any indication of a cap at the broad end, with
dull rufous brown. All are moderately glossy. They measure
respectively : 1-08 by -80 ; 1-10 by '79 ; I'lO by '80 ; and 1-14
by -78.

2. Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, Sir John Murray [P.].
25th Dec. (C. W. Andreivs).

2. Christmas Island, 28th Dec. Sir John Murray [P.].

(C. W.A.).

Merula rufiventer, VieiU.

Turdus rufiventer, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 222 (1881) ; Sharpe
in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 291 (1899) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Biersamml. p. 37 (1899).

Turdus rufiventris, Scl. ^ Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 3 (1888).

Merula rufiventer, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 121 (1903).

It would appear, if the specimens in the Museum are correctly
named, that there are two types of the eggs of the B,ufous-bellied
Ouzel. Those of the first type are of a broad, blunt, oval form,
pale bluish green or greenish, boldly marked with large blotches of
rich purplish red or liver-brown and with underlying patches of
lavender-grey or pale purple, more thickly at the larger end. In
the second type the eggs are larger and of a more regular oval form,
somewhat blunted ; they have a greyish or pale stone ground-colour,
rather thickly spotted, streaked and blotched, with reddish brown,
fairly evenly over the whole surface, though perhaps somewhat
more heavily at the broad end. The eggs of the first type measure
respectively 1'02 x 82 ; 1-07 X "85 ; and 1-01 x -81. Those of the
second type 1-2 x '86 ; M3 x '88 ; and 1-12 x '84.

3. Argentine Republic. Crowley Bequest.

3. S. America. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

'»

MERULA. 103

Merula magellanica, King.

Turdus magellanicus, Hudson, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 548 ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds
B. M. V. p. 223 (1881) ; Scl. ^ Buds. Argent. Om. i. p. 3 (1888) ;
James, New List Chilian Birds, p. 1 (1892) ; Sharpe in Seebohni's
Mon. TurdidcB, i. p. 295 (1899) j Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 37
(1899).

Merula magellanica, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 121 (1903).

The eggs of the Magellan Ouzel are for the most part of a
regular oval form, and fairly glossy. The ground-colour varies
from a pale greenish white to a rather full greenish blue. The
markings are of various shades of reddish brown and underlying
lilac. On some specimens they consist chiefly of well-defined spots
and streaks, not very thickly disposed over the shell, but coalescing
together at the large end and forming an irregular cap. In a
second type they consist of small specks and clouds, very densely
distributed over the shell. Intermediate forms occur between these
two types. A few examples have some black specks and lines
intermingled with the other markings. Specimens measure from
1*07 to 1*3 in length, and from '8 to '92 in breadth.

3. Chile. Old Collection.

1. [Chile]. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.1.

1. Chile {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

1. Chile {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

4. Chile. Berkeley James Coll.

2. Central Chile {Landheck). Berkeley James Coll.

3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
1. Santiago, Chile, 2nd Oct. (Tm- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.).

3. Rio Bueno, Valdivia, Chile, 20th Crowley Bequest.

Dec.

1. Rio Bueno, 25th Dec. Crowley Bequest.

Merula falklandica (Q. ^ G.).
(Plate V. fig. 10.)

Tardus falklandicus, Yarrell, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 59 ; Gould, P. Z. S. 1859,
p. 94 ; Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 152 ; Scl. ^ Salv. Zool. ' Challenger '
Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 100 (1880); Scl. torn. cit. ^. 150; Seebohm,
Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 224 (1881) ; Sharpe in Seebohm' s Mon.
TurdidcB, i. p. 297 (1899) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 37 (1899).

Merula falklandica, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 121 (1903).

The eggs of the Falkland Island Ouzel in the Collection are
similar to those of the second type of the Magellan Ouzel described
above, but larger. They measure from 1*26 to 1*3? in length, and
from -92 to -98 in breadth.

1. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Falkland Islands. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.

104

TTTEDID^.

3. Falkland Islands. Purchased.

1. Falkland Islands (C C. Abbott : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).

Merxila grayi, Bonajp.

Turdus grayii, Scl. 8r Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 5, pi. v. fig. 7 ; Owen, Ibis, 1861,
p. 60 ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 219 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat,
Eiersamml. p. 36 (1899).

Turdus grayi, Salo. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 18 (1879) ;
Sharpe in Seebohm^s Mon. TurdidcB, i. p. 261 (1898).

Merula grayi, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 122 (1903).

The eggs of Gray's Ouzel are for the most part broad ovals,
with the smaller end rather blunt. They have but little gloss.
The ground-colour varies from cream-colour to a very pale bluish
green, and is thickly speckled, mottled and streaked with reddish-
and purplish-brown and underlying lilac. The markings are evenly
distributed over the shell, but occasionally form an ill-defined cap at
the broad end. The eggs measure from °9 to 1*26 in length, and
from '"JS to -98 in breadth.

2. Yucatan. , Crowley Bequest.

3. Yucatan. Seebohm Coll.

1. Yucatan. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

rp,].

3. Guatemala. Salvin-Godman Coll.

10. San Geronimo, Guatemala {R. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Oiven).

1. Duenas, Guatemala, 28th May Salvin-Godman Coll.

(O. Sah'in).

1. Duenas, 1st June (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Duenas, 12th June (0. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Duenas, 8th May (O. S.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Costa Rica, 10th May. C. F. Underwood, Esq.

2. Costa Rica, 16th May. C. F. Underwood, Esq.

3. Veragua {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Chiriqui (Nehj-korn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Chiriqui. Crowley Bequest.

m

Merula tristis (Swains.).

Turdus tristis, >S'«Zy. 8r Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 15 (1879) ;
Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 211 (1881) ; Sharpe in Seebohm^ s
Mon. TurdidcB, i. p. 219 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 36
(1899).

Merula tristis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 123 (1903).

An egg of the Mexican White-throated Ouzel in the Collection,
from the Crowley Bequest, has a rather bright pale blue ground,
not very thickly sprinkled, except at the larger end where there is
a distinct cap, with spots and small blotches of purple-brown and
bright lilac, bearing a considerable resemblance to the lighter-
coloured eggs of the Fieldfare. It measures 1*15 by '83.

1. Mexico. Crowley Bequest. -^

MEEULA. 105

Merula leucauchen (Sdater).

Turdus leucauchen, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 212 (1881) ; Sharps
in SeehohrrCs Mon. TurdidcB, i. p. 223 (1898) 5 Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 36 (1899).

Merula leucauchen, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 123 (1903).

The Collection contains three eggs of Sclater's White-throated
Ouzel, which are greenish grey, spotted and blotched with rich
chestnut-brown. Two have the markings fairly evenly distributed,
though certainly rather denser and larger at the broad end ; the
other has a thick handsome zone in the same position. The
respective measurements are 1*06 by '80 ; 1-10 by "81 ; and 1*12 by
•83.

1. Guatemala. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

2. Honduras, 3rd July. Crow)

[p.i.

aey

Merula albicoUis, Vieill.

Turdus albicollis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 209 (1881) ; Sharpe
in Seebohm^s Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 229 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. EiersammL
p. 36 (1899) ; von Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 198 (1900).

Merula albicollis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv p. 123 (1903).

The eggs of Yieillot's White-throated Ouzel in the Collection are
of a regular oval form and moderately glossy. They are greyish,
tinged with pale blue or green, thickly sprinkled with fine spots
and occasionally streaked or blotched with chestnut-brown and
underlying lilac. They vary in size from 1*05 to 1*22 in length,
by from -82 to -87 in breadth.

1. Brazil. Seebohm Coll.

3. Brazil. Crowley Bequest.

1. Kio de Janeiro. Seebohm Coll.

2. Eio de Janeiro. Alexander Fry, Esq. [P.].

Merula gynmophthalmus, Oah.
(Plate V. figs. 13 & 16.)

Turdus gymnophthalmus, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 212 (1881) ;

Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 231 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 36 (1899).
Merula gymnophthalmus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 123 (1903).

The five eggs of the Bare-eyed Ouzel in the Collection from the
island of Grenada, West Indies, are very variable in appearance,
though they are aU pale green, spotted with varii>us tints of brown.
Two of them are very thickly covered with dull brown blotches, in
one example forming a heavy cap at the smaller end, while the other
three are much less strongly marked, though the colour is decidedly
richer, and many underlying spots of bright lilac are visible.
In the latter, too, there is a conspicuous gathering of the spots

106 TURDID.5I.

at the larger end. They measure from 1-05 to 1-12 by from

•78 to -82.

2. Grenada, W. Indies, SOth April Crowley Bequest.

(J. G. Wells).

3. Grenada, 12th June {J. G. W.). Crowley Bequest.

Merula amaurochalina, Cab.

Turdus leucomelas, Seebohtn, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 213 (1881) ; Scl.

8f Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 1 (1888) ; Sharps in Seebohm's Mon.

Tnrdidce, i. p. 235 (1898); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 36 (1899) ; von

Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 197 (1900).
Merula amaurochaUna, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 124 (1903).

Two of the eggs of the Dusky Ouzel in the Collection are very
unlike each other. One, a remarkably long pointed oval in shape,
is light greenish blue, sprinkled all over, especially at the larger end,
with spots and streaks of bright reddish brown and lavender; while
the other is of a blunt oval form, boldly blotched with chestnut-
brown and violet, very handsome. Both are fairly glossy. They
measure respectively : 1*22 by -77 and 1'08 by -83.

2. Argentine Republic. Crowley Bequest.

2. Brazil. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.j.

Merula maculirostris, Berlepsch.

Tardus albiventris, Set. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 328.

Turdus leucomelas, SeeboJim, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 213, part. (1881).

Turdus maculirostris, Sharpe in SeebohnCs Mon. Turdidce^ 1. p. 239

(1898).
Merula maculirostris, Sharpe, Iland-l. iv. p. 124 (1903).

The eggs of the Ecuadorian Dusky Ouzel are of a regular oval
form and almost devoid of all gloss. They are of a faint blue or
bluish-green ground-colour, somewhat thickly speckled and blotched
with reddish brown and lilac. The markings are more dense at
the broad end, where they form a very distinct cap. They average
1-18 by -83.

2. Pallatanga, Ecuador (X. Fraser). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Pallatanga (i. jP. ; Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Merula ignobilis, Scl.

Turdus ignobilis, Scl ^ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 491 ; Seebohtn, Cat. Birds
B. M. V. p. 214 (1881) ; Sharpe in Seebohjn's Mon. Turdidce,i. p. 241
(1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 36 (1899).

Merula ignobilis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 124 (1903).

The six eggs of the Colombian Dusky Ouzel in the Collection
are of two very distinct types. The first is rather lightly marked
with reddish purple and purplish brown, the spots and blotches
being gathered together at the larger end on a ground oi^ pale
bluish grey to form an irregular cap. In the second the ground

BIERrLA. 107

is cream-colour, almost obscured by a dense freckling of dull
reddish brown and faint lavender underlying markings. It is
worthy of remark that one of each type occurs in the two pairs
of eggs from Medellin : one of these pairs was obtained by Salmon
with the female bird.

In size the eggs vary from 1-18 to 1*22 in length, and from '80
to "86 in breadth.

2. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.

{T.K. Salmon).

2. Medellin {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

1. New Granada. Crowley Bequest.

1. Peru. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Merula plebeia, Cab.

Tardus plebeius, Salv. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 17 (1879) ;

Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 215 (1881) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's

Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 247 (1898).
Merula plebeia, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 124 (1903).

An egg of the Costa-Rican Ouzel in the Collection is considerably
larger than those of the other South- American Thrushes with which
we are now dealing. It is singularly destitute of the usual Thrush-
like markings, these being restricted to a few scattered minute dots
of reddish lilac on a ground of pale glossy blue. It measures 1*30
by -91.

1. Costa Hica, 24th March ( C. F. Crowley Bequest.

Underivood).

Merula nigrirostris, Lawr.
(Plate V. fig. 8.)

Turdus nigrirostris, Seebohm^ Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 218 (1881) j Sharpe

in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 253 (1898).
Merula nigrirostris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 125 (1903).

Two eggs of the St.-Vincent Ouzel in the Collection are bluish
white, blotched and spotted with light and dark shades of reddish
brown. These markings are not very dense except at the larger
end, where they form a well-defined cap. They measure respectively :
1-21 by -85 and 1-3 by -87.

2. St. Andrews, Grenada (J. G. Wells). Crowley Bequest.

Merula fumigata, Licht.

Turdus fumigatus, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 216 (1881) ; Sharpe
in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidee, i. p. 255 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamnil.
p. 36 (1899).

Merula fumigata, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 125 (1903).

Two eggs of the Russet-bellied Ouzel from Venezuela are much
alike in shape and colour, though diflforing somewhat in size. The

108 TURDID^.

markings are rather small speckles and spots of pale chestnut and
violet fairly thickly distributed throughout, with a slight prepon-
derance at the larger end, on a bright ground of light blue. They
measure -94 by -70 and I'OO by '76.

2. San Esteban, Venezuela (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.),

Merula aurantia (Gmel).

Merula leucogenys, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 136 (1847).

Merula aurantia, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 247 (1881) ; Sharpe in

SeebohirCs Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 151 (1901) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 125

(1903).

The eggs of the Jamaica Ouzel closely resemble the commonest
type of Qg% of M. merula. They are pale greenish blue, densely
mottled all over with reddish brown and underlying pale lilac.
Pour examples measure respectively : 1*18 by -82 ; 1'18 by '86 ;
1-18 by -87; and 1-19 by -90.

4. Jamaica. Rev. Barham Zincke [C.].

Merula cardis (Temm.).
(Plate VI. figs. 1 & 4.)

Turdus cardis, Blakiston ^ Fryer, Ibis, 1878, p. 240.

Merula cardis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 261 (1881) ; id. Birds

Jap. Emp. p. 45 (1890); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 38 (1899);

Sharpe in Seebohm'' s Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 143 (1901); id. Hand-l. iv.

p. 125 (1903).

There is a considerable resemblance between the eggs of the Grey
Japanese Ouzel and those of Turdus viscivorus. They vary a good
deal in size and shape ; the ground-colour is a rich, or even pinkish,
cream-colour, with faint lilac under-markings, overlaid with spots,
clouds and blotches, of pale and darker reddish brown, often collected
to form a light cap round the broad end. They measure from 1*05
to 1-22 in length, and from '73 to -81 in breadth.

3.

Japan {H. Pryer).

Seebohm CoU.

2.

Japan {H. P.).

Seebohm Ooll.

3.

Japan (II. P.).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Japan {H. P.).

Seebohm Coll.

2.

Japan (H. P.).

Seebohm Coll.

Z

Japan {H. P.).

Seelohra Coll.

4.

Japan, 5th June.

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Hondo, Japan, 15th May.

Crowley Bequest.

Merula unicolor (Tick.).

Merula unicolor, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 271 (1881) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 132 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eyys Ind. Birds, ii. p. 96 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 38

MEEULA. 109

(1899); Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 147 (1901); id.
Hand-l. iv. p. 126 (1903).

The eggs of Tickell's Ouzel vary in shape from a blunt to an elon-
gated oval, while sometimes they are spheroidal. They vary in colour
from greyish white to pale green, streaked and mottled with rich
reddish brown and pale underlying purple. In some specimens the
markings are small freckles with a cap or zone at the larger end, in
others they are larger and dense, covering the greater part of the
ground-colour. They measure from "92 to 1-20 in length, and from
•70 to -83 in breadth.

1. Murree, N.W. Himalayas, 11th Hume Coll.

June {C. H. T. Marshall).

1. Murree, 5th June (C. H. T. M.). Crowley Bequest.

7. Mussoorie, Himalayas (T.^Tw^ifow). Hume Coll.

1. Mussoorie, 18th June. Hume Coll.

Merula layardi, Seebohm,
(Plate YI. fig. 3.)

Merula vitiensis {nee Layard), Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 278

(1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Uiersamml p. 38 (1899).
Merula layardi, Seebohm, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 667 ; Sharpe in Seebohm^s Mon.

Turdid<B, ii. p. 135 (1901) ; id. Rand-l. iv. p. 126 (1903).

Two pairs of the eggs of the Viti-Levu Ouzel, from the Crowley
Bequest, have a similar ground-colour, a dull and pale greenish blue,
but they differ a little in their markings, which in one pair are bold
and of a bright purple-brown, chiefly at the large end ; while in the
other they are duller in colour and take the shape of more numerous
spots and small blotches : these are evenly distributed over the
surface, but there is an additional thickening or cap at the larger
end. In size they range from 1*13 to 1*19 in length, and from '82
to '85 in breadth.

2. Viti Levu, Fiji Islands. Crowley Bequest.

2. Viti Levu. Crowley Bequest.

Merula xanthopns (Forster).
(Plate YI. fig. 2.)

Merula xanthopus, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 276 (1881) ; Sharpe
in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 139 (1901) ; id. Jfand-l. iv. p. 126
(1903).

There is one egg of the New-Caledonian Ouzel in the Collection,
obtained by Mr. E. L. Layard. It has the ground-colour of a rather
bright greenish blue, closely mottled over with streaks and blotches
of dull chestnut. In shape it is a regular oval, measuring 1*20 by '89.

1. Noumea, New Caledonia (B. L. Crowley Bequest.

Layard: Tristram Coll.).

110

TUEDID^.

Merula olivacea (Linn.).
(Plate Yl. figs. 5 & 7.)

Tardus olivaceus, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 200 (1875-84) ;

Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. \. p. 227 (1881) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon.

Turdidce, i. p. 307 (1899); Nehrk. Cat. Eiersamml. p. 37 (1899);

Stark ^ Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii, p. 175 (1901).
Merula olivacea, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 127 (1903).

Though the Museum series of the eggs of the Cape Ouzel is
quite a small one, it displays considerable variation in colour and
size, especially the latter. The ground-colour ranges from a delicate
verditer-blue to a much less striking bluish grey, the markings in
all cases being large and handsome and not very thickly distributed,
though more numerous at the obtuse end, and in colour ranging
from pale chestnut to purplish brown. In size they vary from 1-10
to 1-25 in length, and from '81 to "89 in breadth.

2.

S. Africa.

E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

2.'

S. Africa.

Crowley Bequest.

1.

S. Africa {E.L. Layard).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Transvaal {T. Ayres).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Nels Poort {T. Atrnore).

Crowley Bequest.

Genus SEMIMERULA, Sd.
Semimerula fuscatra {D'Orb. ^ Lafr.).

Merula fuscatra, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 243 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 37 (1899) ; Sharpe in Seebohm^s Mon. Turdidce,

ii. p. 55 (1900).
Semimerula fuscatra, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 129 (1903).

The eggs of D'Orbigny's Ouzel in the Collection resemble those
of M. samoensis very closely. Four examples measure from 1*12
to 1*24 in length, and from '78 to '86 in breadth.

1. Chile. Old Collection.

2. Chile. Old Collection.

1. Santiago, Chile, Dec. G. O. S. Napier, Esq. [P.].

Semimerula gigas (Fraser).
(Plate YI. fig. 6.)

Turdus gigas, Sel. P. Z. S. 1858, p. 550 ; Scl. ^ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879,

p. 491.
Merula gigas, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 244 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat.

EiersammL p. 37 (1899); Sharpe in Seebohm' s Mon. Turdid<B. ii.

p. 57 (1900).
Semimerula gigas, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 129 (1903).

The eggs of the Giant Ouzel vary in shape from a broad to
an elongated oval. They are blue of various shades, speckled,
mottled and spotted with reddish or purplish brown and lilac.
On some specimens the markings consist entirely of small-^specks ;

GEOCICHLA. Ill

on others of streaks find spots, and they are very evenly distributed
over the entire surface of the shell, but not very densely.
Examples measure from 1-28 to 1*56 in length, and from -90 to^
1-00 in breadth.

2. New Granada. Crowley Bequest.

2. Bogota {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Colombia [T. K. Salmon).

2. Ecuador. L. Eraser, Esq. [C.].

1. Puellaro, Ecuador, April {L. Crowley Bequest.

Fraser).

1. Puellaro, April {L. F.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Venezuela. Seebohm Coll.

Genus GEOCICHLA, Temm,
Geocichla cyanonota {J. ^ S.).

Geocichla cyanonotus, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 172 (1881) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 139 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 98 (1890) j Seebohm, Man. Turdidce,
i. p. 55 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 35 (1899).

Geocichla cyanonota, Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 132 (1903j.

The eggs of the ^Tiite-throated Ground-Thrush are of a broad
pointed oval form, and rather glossy. They are pale bluish or
greenish white, profusely speckled, streaked and blotched with
various shades of reddish and purple-brown and underlying violet.
Some specimens are more densely marked than others, especially at
the broad end, where a broad cap of confluent markings is often
formed. The eggs measure from -94 to 1'04 in length, and from
•71 to -78 in breadth.

1. India. Crowley Bequest.
6. Dapuli, South Konkan, India {A. Hume Coll.

Jardine).

2. Kulputty Hill, Wynaad, 5th June Hume Coll.

{J, Darling).

Geocichla citrina {Lath.).
(Plate YI. fig. 8.)

Geocichla citrina, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 4§7 (1879) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds
B. M. V. p. 172 (1881) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 140
(1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 100 (1890) ;
Seebohm, Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 62 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 35 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 132 (1903).

The eggs of the Orange-headed Ground-Thrush are of a rather
broad oval form, and fairly glossy. The ground-colour ranges from
white to bluish white, and is marked with various shades of reddish
brown and underlying lavender-grey, in the shape of specks, spots
and streaks, more or less confluent and densely set over the whole
surface, especially at the broad end, where they form a more or less

112 TUKDID^.

well-defined cap. Examples measure from -99 to 1'07 in length,
and from '73 to '81 in breadth.

1. Himalayas {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

3. Mussoorie, Himalayas {T. Hutton). Hume Coll.

3. Sikhim, July. Hume Coll.

1. Peon, 22nd May {E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.

1. Pegu, 10th June {E. W. O.). Oates Coll.

1. Pegu, 22nd May {E. W. O.). Seebohm Coll.

1. Pegu, 10th June {E. W. O.). Seebohm Coll.

Geocichla wardi (Jerd.).
(Plate YI. fig. 12.)

Turdus wardii, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 453 (1880).

Geocichla wardi, Seebohm, Cat Birds B. M. v. p. 178 (1881) ; Oates^
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 137 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 97 (1890) ; Seebohm, Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 89
(1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 35 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 133 (1903).

The egg of the Pied Ground-Thrush in the Collection is almost
elliptical in shape and possesses a fair amount of gloss. It is of a
very pale bluish-white colour, spotted, streaked and blotched, more
thickly at the large end than elsewhere, with ruddy brown and
underlying lilac-grey. The eg^ measures 1*00 by '72.

1. Naini Tal, Himalayas, 22nd May Hume Coll.
{G. F. L. Marshall).

Genus CICHLOSELYS, Bonap.
Cichloselys sibiricus (Pall.).

Turdus sibiricus, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 87 (1876).

Geocichla sibirica, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 180 (1881) ; id. Brit.
Birds, i. p. 204 (1883) ; id. Birds Japan. Emp. p. 44 (1890) ; Oates,
Fatma Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 138 (1890) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit.
Birds, p. 177, pi. 50. fig. 3 (1896) ; id. Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 97
(1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 35 (1899) ; Popham, Ibis, 1898,
p. 494 ; Dresser, Ibis, 1901, p. 447, pi. ix. figs. 13-16.

Oreocincla sibiricus, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 282 (1891).

Cichloselys sibiricus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 133 (1903).

The eggs of the Siberian Ground-Thrush in the Collection vary
from a regular to a blunt oval form and are not particularly glossy.
They are of varying shades of greenish blue, mottled and streaked
with pinkish or reddish brown and underlying purple-grey. In
one specimen the markings are larger than usual and well-defined,
allowing much of the ground-colour to be seen ; in the others they
are small, more or less confluent, and cover the greater portion of
the surface of the e^g. In size they vary from 1*04 to 1*22 in
length, and from -76 to '88 in breadth.

1. Lake Baikal (Dgbowski). Crowley Bequest.

3. Koko-nor, Tibet, 20tli Maj^ Crowley Bequest.

3. Japan {II. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.

OREOCrCHLA. 113

Genus OREOCICHLA *, Oould,
Oreocichla dauma {Lath.).
(Plate VI. fig. 10.)

Oreocincla dauma, Brooks, Stray Feathers, iii. p. 237 (1875) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 152 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 107 (1890).

Geocichla dauma, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 154 (1881) j id. Mon.
TurdidcB, i. p. 9 (1898).

Oreocichla dauma, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 136 (1903).

The eg^ of the Small-billed Mountain-Thrush in the Collection is
of a pointed oval form and possesses a considerable amount of gloss.
It is of a greenish-grey colour, so profusely and minutely freckled
with pale rufous as to render the ground-colour almost invisible.
The markings are much broader and denser at the broad end of the
e^^, where they form a cap. The specimen measures 1*27 by *9.

1. Gulmerg, Kashmir, 6th June Hume Coll.

( W. E. Brooks).

Oreocichla nilgiriensis, Blyth.

Geocichla nilgiriensis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 157 (1881) ; id.

Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 13 (1898).
Oreocincla nilghiriensis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 153

(1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 107 (1890).
Oreocichla nilgiriensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 136 (1903).

An egg of the Nilghiri Thrush, from the Palni Hills, is very
similar to the e>^^ of 0. dauma already described, but is somewhat
darker in general appearance and broader, and has no indication of
a cap at the large end. It measures 1*2 by 0-9. The two eggs
from the Nilghiris are pale greenish-white, spotted and blotched all
over with Indian-red and lavender. They measure 1*1 by 0*8.

1. Kodikanal, Palni Hills, S. India, Major Horace A. Terry [P.].

7th June.

2. Nilghiri Hills {Rhodes W. Morgan). H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].

Oreocichla papuensis {Seebohm).

(Plate VI. fig. 9.)

Geocichla papuensis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 158 (1881) ; id.

Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 19 (1898).
Oreocichla papuensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 137 (1903).

An egg of the New-Guinea Ground-Thrush in the Collection is of

* N.B. — Two eggs of a Thrush taken by Swinhoe in China, and now in the
Collection, were assigned by him to 0. varia (White's Thrush). There can be
but little doubt that Swinhoe was mistaken. The eggs appear to be those of
Merula mandarina [vide supra, p. 95]. (See Swinhoe in Rowley's Orn. Misc.
ii p. 255 (1877); Newton, P.Z. S. 1897, p. 892, pi. Ii. fig. 5 ; Heatley Noble,
'Ibis.' 1900, p. 377.)

VOL. IV. I

114 TTJEDIDiE.

a narrow oval form and glossy. It is pale greenish blue, sparingly
freckled all over the surface with reddish brown and lilac-grey,
rather more densely at the larger end. It measures 1*15 by '79.

1. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].

Oreocichla lunulata {Lath.).

Oreocincla lunulata, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 439 (1865).

Geocichla lunulata, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 155 (1881) ; North^
Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 171 (1889) ; Seebohm, Mon. TurdidtSj
i. p. 25 (1898); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 34 (1899) j Campbell^
Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 184, pi. 9 (1901).

Oreocichla lunulata, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 137 (1903).

The eggs of the South-Australian Ground-Thrush in the Collec-
tion are, for the most part, of an elongated oval form and fairly
glossy. The ground-colour is greyish green, thickly freckled and
blotched with two shades of reddish brown over the whole surface,
the markings being, however, rather more dense in some specimens
at the broader end. They measure from 1-24 to 1*41 in length, and
from -90 to -92 in breadth.

1. New South "Wales. Crowley Bequest.

2. Blue Mts., N.S.W., 28th Nov. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).
2. Gippsland, Victoria, 20th June Crowley Bequest.

{A.J. N).
2. Mordialloc, Victoria, August. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
2. Tasmania {E. D. Atkinson). Crowley Bequest.

Oreocichla mollissima (Blyth).
(Plate VI. fig. 13.)

Geocichla molHssima, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 159 (1881) ; id.

Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 29 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 35

(1899).
Oreocincla molHssima, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 154 (1890) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^- Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 108 (1890) j Osmaston,

Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. p. 472 (1898).
Oreocichla mollissima, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 137 (1903).

The eggs of the Plain-backed Mountain-Thrush in the Collection
are of an elongated and narrow oval shape, one of them unusually
so, and exhibit little gloss. They are stone-coloured, thickly set
with spots, freckles, and moderate-sized blotches, especially at the
broad end, of two shades of dark reddish brown and underlying
lavender-grey. The markings are more or less connected over the
entire surface of the eg^, but do not obscure the ground-colour.
The specimens measure respectively : 1*32 by -89 ; 1-4 by -88.

2. Native Sikhim, June. Hume Coll.

ZOOTHERA. TURDTJS. 115

Genus ZOOTHERA, Vig.

Zoothera marginata, Blyth.

(Plate YI. fig. 14.)

GeocicHla marginata, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 162 (1881 ) ; id.

Man. TurdidcB, i. p. 79 (1898) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 35

(1899).
Zoothera marginata, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 1.57 (1890) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 109 (1890) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 138 (1903).

The egg of the Lesser Brown Thrush in the Collection is a broad
pointed oval in shape, and has a considerable amount of gloss. It
is of a very pale bluish-white colour, marked chiefly at the smaller
end, where the markings are dense and form a large cap, with
spots, freckles, and small blotches of chestnut-brown and underlying
purple. The egg measures 1-04 by '79.

1. Native Sikhim, 29th July Hume Coll.

{L. Mandelli).

Genus TURDUS, Linn.

Turdus viscivorus, Linn.

Turdus viscivorus, Tliien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 11, a~c
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 4. fig. 1, tab. 75. fig. 1
(1856-63) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 79, pi. xxiii. fig. 1
(1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 3 (1871) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871,
p. 209 ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 194 (1881) ; id. Brit.
Birds, 1. p. 207, pi. 8 (1883); Oates, ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind.
Birds, ii. p. 106 (]890); Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 177,
pi. 50. figs. 4, 6 (1896) ; Sharpe in Seebohm^s Man. Turdid/B, i.
p. 139 (1898) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 138 (1903).

In the variations of form, the eggs of the Mistle-Thrush closely
follow those of the Song-Thrush i^vide infra, p. 127), but they are
not so glossy, and their coloration is extremely diflPerent.

The ground-colour varies from pale bluish grey to pinkish brown,
and the markings, which are pretty evenly distributed over the shell,
consist of spots, small blotches, and clouds of various shades of rich
purplish brown, not infrequently forming an irregular cap at the
larger, and occasionally at the smaller, end. The underlying
markings are prominent, and are of a pale purplish or lilac colour.

In some specimens the markings are bold, in others they are
small throughout.

The eggs measure from 1-03 to 1*3 in length, and from '8 to
•92 in breadth.

4. Eoss-shire. Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].

4. Ross-shire. Dr. R. Bowdler Shai"pe [P.].

4. Mossford, Loch Luichart ( W. Mc- Seebohm Coll.
Bae : Hargitt Coll.).

3. Mossford ( W. McR. : Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Invermorriston, Inverness, 22nd May Seebohm Coll.

{Hargitt Coll.).

i2

110

TITRDID^.

4. Portcliiir, near Fort Augustus,
12th May {Hargitt Coll.).

4. Ashopton, Derbyshire, 19th April
{H. Seebohm).

4. Edwinstow, Nottingham, 7th May
{H. S.).

2. Edwinstow, 7th May (H. S.).
6. Cambridge ( W. Farren).

4. Sparham, Norfolk, 30th March
{F. Nor gate).

4. Sparham, lOth April {F. N.).

5. Sparham, 1st May {F. N.).

4, Haddenham, Bucks, 22nd May.

6. Cookham, Berkshire, May.
4. Oakhanger, June.

6. Tilford, Surrey.

4. Tilford.

4. Tilford.

6. Crawley, Sussex, 20th May.

4. Crawley, 20th May.

4. Esthonia, Baltic Provs., 30th April

{Russow).

1. Malaga, Spain {H. Saunders).

3. Olympus, Greece, 28th April

{T. Ki'uper).

2. Kotegarh, Himalayas, 6th April.

5. Kotegarh, 22nd June,

6. Altai Mountains, 2nd May.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Turdus pilaris, Linn.

(Plate YIII. figs. 19 & 22.)

Turdus pilaris, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 19, a~c (1845-
54) ; Baedeker, Fier Fur. Vog. tab. 4. fig. 2, tab._75. fig. 2 (1855-
63) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 84, pi. xxiv. fig. iii (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Fur. ii. p. 41 (1871) ; Wheehvright, Spring ^
Sutmner in Lapl. p. 282 (1871) ; Seebohm ^ Harvie-Brown, Ibis,
1876, p. 125 ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1879, p. 2 ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. v.
p. 205 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 228, pi. 8 (1883) j id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 180, pi. 50. figs. 7, 9 (1896) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's
Man. Turdidce, i. p. 201 (1898) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 138 (1903).

Much variation occurs in the form and size of the eggs of the
Fieldfare, but they are still more variable in coloration. The
ground-colour is tolerably constant, ranging from a pale bluish-
green to a tint almost as bright and strong as that of the Song-
Thrush's eg^.

The rich reddish-brown markings, however, are so different in
their character, as to suggest a division into types as follows : —
(i.) A small densely freckled egg which may be compared to that of
the Redwing ; (ii.) a more heavily streaked and larger egg, the
markings evenly distributed over the whole surface; (iii.) eggs with
similar streaks, but these of a brighter colour and collected into a
cap at the larger end. Types ii. and iii. may be likened respectively
to the duller and more handsome forms of the Blackbird'^* eggs.

TURDtJS.

117

(iv.) with fewer, bolder, and richer spots and small blotches, more
or less confluent, resembling typical eggs of the Ring-Ouzel ; and
(v.) an extreme form, in which the markings are scanty though bold
and often of a bright tint, and usuaDy more numerous at the larger
end, the ground-colour being of the bright clear blue already
alluded to. Two eggs of this last-named type in the Collection seem
worthy of separate notice : one, from the Sundal Valley, Norway,
has the spots and blotches, which are not very thickly collected at
the larger end, of a very pale reddish lilac without any admixture
of a darker colour ; while the second, from Molde, Norway, of a paler
blue ground-colour, in addition to a few specks of this same colour,
has only one other marking, a very conspicuous scrawl at the
larger end, of intense purplish-black ; this is more than half an inch
in length and exactly as if it had been traced with a broad and
heavy stroke of the pen. In many cases the occurrence is noticed
of a single egg (rarely two) of type v. in a clutch of other types.
Frequent instances of this are found in the Collection, and there
are two clutches in which all the eggs are of that type.

They measure from 1*03 to 1-35 in length, and from -73 to -9 in
breadth.

Quickj ock, Lapland (-BT. W. Wheel-
wright).
Lapland, July (jR. Duff: Hargitt

Coll.).
Tromso, Norway, 9th June
Seebohm).

Tromso, 10th June {H. S.).

Tromso, 10th June {H. S.).

Tromso, 11th June {H. S.).

Tromso, 12th June [H. S.).

Tromso, 13th June [H. S.).

Tromso, 13th June {H. S').

Tromso, 13th June {H. S.).

Tromso, 13th June [M. S.).

Tromso, 13th June {H. S.).

Bodo, 30th May (F. D. ^ P. Godman)

Bodo, 2nd June {F. D. ^ P. O.).

Bodo, 2nd June [F. D. ^ P. O.).

Bodo, 2nd June {F. D. ^ P. G.).

Bodo, 2nd June {F. D. ^ P. G.).

Sundal Valley, Norway, 20th June.

Sundal Valley, 2l8t June.

Sundal Valley, 26th June.

Sundal Valley, 6th June.

Sundal Valley, 6th June.

Sundal Valley, 7th June.

Sundal Valley, 10th June.

Sundal Valley, 18th June.

Christiansund, Norway, May. .

Christiansund, May.

Christiansund, June {H. Upcher).

Christiansund, June {H. U.).

Christiansund, June {H. U.).

Crowley Bequest.

Seebohm Coll.

{H. Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godraan Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.

Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe
Bernard Hanson [P.l
Bernard Hanson [P.],
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

118 IVRDIBM.

3. Christiansund, July (IT. Ujtchei-), Crowley Bequest.

5. Molde, Norway, 1st June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Molde, Ist June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Molde, Ist June (if. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Molde, 1st June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Molde, Ist June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Molde, 1st June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Molde, 1st June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Molde, 1st June (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Nordland, June {H. S.). Crowley Bequest.

5. Mark Brandenburg (T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.

6. East Pomerania {T. H.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Petchora River, 67° N. Lat., 15th Seebohm Coll.

June {H. Seebohm Sf J. A.

Harvie-Broivn) .
5. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 5th Seebohm Coll.

June {H. S. ^ J. A. H.-B.).
5. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 23rd Seebohm Coll.

:5m\Q {H. S. ^ J. A. H.-B.).

4. Petchora River, 25th June {H S. Seebohm Coll.

^ J. A. H-B. : Hargitt CoU.).
4. Yenesei River, 67° N. Lat., 4th Seebohm Coll.

July {H. Seebohm).
4. Yenesei River, 67° N. Lat., 6th Seebohm Coll.

July (H. S.).

Turdus pallidus (Gm.).
(Plate VI. fig. 11.)

Merula palHda, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 274 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 38 (1899) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidce,

ii. p. 185 (1902).
Turdus pallidus, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 309 (1891) j Sharpe^

Hand-l. iv. p. 138 (1903).

An Qg^ of the Pale Ouzel in the Museum Collection bears a
strong resemblance to a common form of the e^^ of Merula merula.
It is dull greenish, rather glossy, finely freckled all over with reddish
brown, and having in addition a few coarser spots of the same
colour here and there. It measures 1*16 by -82.

1. Amur-land. 9th April (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

Turdus atrigularis (Temm.).

Turdus atrigularis, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 83 (1878) ; Tacz. Faune
Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 305 (1891) ; Fopham, Ibis, 1898, p. 494 ;
Dresser, Ibis, 1901, p. 446, pi. ix. figs. 9-12 ; Sharpe, Homd-l. iv.
p. 139 (1903).

Merula atrigularis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 267 (1881) ; id. Brit.
Birds, i. p. 249 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 182, pi. 51. fig. 1
(1896) : Neh7'k. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 38 (1899) ; Shatpe in Seebohm^s
Mon. Turdid<e ii. p. 191 (1902).

The small series of eggs of the Black-throated Ouzel in tite Collec-

TUEDTTS. 119

tion, seems to prove that they are very similar to the common type of
egg of Merula merula. They are pale bluish green, speckled and
mottled, generally more thickly at one end, with reddish brown and
pale lilac. They vary in size from 1*12 to 1-21 in length, and
from -80 to -85 in breadth.

1. Altai Mountains, 2nd May Seebohm Coll.

{TancH).

2. Altai Mountains, 2nd May Seebohm Coll.

{Tancre).
6. Altai Mountains, 17th May Crowley Bequest.

{TancH).

Turdus chrysolaus (Temm.).
(Plate YI. figs. 15 & 18.)

Merula chrysolaus, Seebohm, Cat Birds B. M. v. p. 275 (1881) ; id. Birds
Japan. Emp. p. 48 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 38 (1899) ;
Shaiye in Seebohm^ s Mon. Turdidce^ ii. p. 167 (1902).

Turdus chrysolaus, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 313 (1891) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 139 (1903).

Though variable in ground-colour, the eggs of the Brown Japanese
Ouzel in the Collection are of the ordinary Blackbird type. They
vary from bluish to dull greenish blue, in the majority of cases
marked with minute specks and small streaks of pale rufous brown
and lilac, rather dense, and evenly distributed over the shell. In
some eggs the markings are brighter in colour, fewer, and larger,
being collected together in a more or less irregular cap. The
sizes vary from 1-05 to 1*18 in length, by from '76 to -85 in
breadth.

2. Japan {H. Fryer), Seebohm Coll.

3. Japan {H. P.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Japan {H. P.). Seebohm Coll.

1. Japan {H. P.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Japan, 23rd June. Crowley Bequest.

2. Hondo, Japan, 28th May. Crowley Bequest.

2. Fuji, Japan, 29th June. W. RadcMe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Tardus obscurus (Gm.).

Tardus obscurus, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 71 (1878) ; Seebohm, Ibis,
1879, p. 4 ; Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 306 (1891) ; Fopham,
Ibis, 1898, p. 493; Dresser, Ibis, 1901, p. 445, pi. ix. figs. 6-8;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 140 (1903).

Merula obscura, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 273 (1881) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 38 (1899) ; Sharpe in Seebohm^s Man. Turdidce,
ii. p. 175 (1902).

In colour and markings the eggs of the Dark Ouzel in the Collec-
tion are inseparable from those of Merula merula, but they are
considerably smaller. They are bluish green, speckled and mottled

120 TTJRDID^.

with reddish brown and lilac, and measure from 1'05 to I'lO in
length, and from -75 to -81 in breadth.

1. Siberia {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

6. Yenesei River, Lat. 66|° N., 26th Seebohm Coll.

June {H. Seebohm).

6. Amur-land, 2nd June. Crowley Bequest,

Tardus torquatus (Linn.).

Turdus torquatus, Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i, p. 93, pi. xxv. figs, iii
& iv (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 113, part. (1872) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l iv. p. 140 (1903).

Merula torquata, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 246, part. (1881) ; id.
Brit. Birds, i. p. 243, pi. 8 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 181,
pi. 50. fig. 10 (1896) ; Sharps in Seebohm' s Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. 27
(1899) ; Nehrh. KaU Eiersamml. p. 37 (1899).

The series of eggs of the Eing-Ouzel in the Collection, renders it
at once evident that, in spite of their general similarity to those
of the Blackbird and Fieldfare, and, in some cases, the Missel-
Thrush, a clearer type, with bolder and richer markings, prevails
among them.

In form they vary as much as the eggs of other Thrushes, and
they have the same two shades of ground-colour, a greenish-blue
and a stone-colour ; the markings are fairly evenly distributed, not
often coalescing into a cap at one end, but they are of aU tints of
reddish brown, from bright chestnut to a dingy purple.

In size they range from 1-05 to 1*30 in length, and from -79 to
•90 in breadth.

2. Scotland. Old Collection.

3. Sutherland, 13th July {Hargitt Seebohm Coll.

Coll.).

4. Lochend, Inverness (ifar9'^^^ CoZZ.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Knockie, Inverness, 22nd May Seebohm CoU.

(Hargitt Coll.).

3. Knockie {Hargitt Coll?). Seebohm Coll.

4. Castle Eden, Durham, May {H. B. Crowley Bequest.

Tristram).

4. Cumberland {Heysham). Gould CoU.

4. Cumberland {Heysham). Gould Coll.

5. Cumberland, 14th May. Crowley Bequest.

5. Yorkshire. Lord Walsingham [P.],

4. Malham Moor, Yorkshire ( W. Crowley Bequest.

Peterkin).

4. Strines, near Sheffield, 9th May Seebohm Coll.

(H. Seebohm).

4. Strines, 9th May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Strines, 28th May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Strines, 28th May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Strines, 1st June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Ashopton, Derbyshire, 11th May Seebohm Coll.

{H. S.).

4. Ashopton, 11th May (//, 6".). Seebohm Coll. .> .

TUEDTTS. 121

4. High Peak, Derbyshire (J. JR. Crowley Bequest.

Wise).

4. Bingham's Moor, Derbyshire, Salvin-Godman Coll. '^

May (O. Salvin).

4. Bingham's Moor, May (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. White Edge, Derbyshire, 9th Salvin-Godman Coll.

June (O. ^.)-

3. Cheshire {Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Hampstead Heath, London, 1856. Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. Isle of Wight. F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

2. Trondhiem, Norway, Ist June {H. Seebohm CoU.

Seebohm).

Turdus alpestris (Brehm).

Merula alpestris, C. L. Brehm, Isis, 1828, p. 1281 ; Sharpe in SeehohnCs

Mon. Ttirdidce, ii. p. 35 (1899).
Turdus torquatus, Thien. Fortpfianz, ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 17, a-c

(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Bier Bur. Vog. tab. 4. fig. 7, tab. 75. fig. 8

(1855-63) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 209.
Turdus alpestris. Dresser, Birds Eur. ix {Suppl.) p. 11 (1895) ; SharpCj

Hand-l. iv. p. 140 (1903).

The eggs of the Alpine Eing-Ouzel, judging from the small series
in the Collection, do not differ from those of T. torquatus. The
majority resemble the common type of Blackbird's e^^. Specimens
measure from 1*14 to 1*34 in length, and from '85 to '91 in
breadth.

5. Jura Alps, Ist May ( W. Sehluter). Seebohm Coll.

3. Switzerland i^Homeyer). Seebohm Coll.

5. Transylvania, 23rd April. C. G. Danford, Esq. [P.].

2. Colmenar, Spain, 27th May {H. Seebohm Coll.
Saunders).

Tnrdus castaneus, Gould.
(Plate VI. figs. 16 & 17.)

Merula castanea, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 259 (1881); Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds,\\. p. 128 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs
Ind. Birds, ii. p. 92 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 28 (1899) ;
Sharpe in Seebohm^ s Mon. Turdidce, ii. p. Ill (1900).

Turdus castaneus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 140 (1903).

The type of the eggs of the Grey-headed Chestnut Thrush in the
Collection is very similar to that of the previously described Merula
houlhoul (cf. p. 95). They are of a pale greenish-white colour,
profusely and evenly mottled and speckled all over with pale
chestnut-brown. One of the eggs differs from this type in being
much less heavily marked, the dense freckling being replaced by a
mottling of rather darker brown, much of the ground-colour being
visible. They measure from I'lO to 1*25 in length, and from
•86 to -9 in breadth.

4. Kotegarh, Himalayas, 30th April. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegarh. Hume Coll.

122

TTTRDID^.

1. Kashmir (C. R. Cock).
1. Kashmir, 11th May ( TV. E. Brooks :
Tristram Coll.).

Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Turdus migratorius, Linn.

Turdus migratorius, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vdg. tab. xxiv. fig. 5 (1845-
54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 4. fig. 6, tab. 75. fig. 5 (1855-
63) ; Ross, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 279; id. Canad. Nat. vii. p. 144
(1862) ; Lord, Proc. B. A. Inst. Woolwich, iv. p. 338 (1865); Bree,
Birds Eur. 2nd ed. ii. p. 33, pi. — (1875) ; Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M.
V. p. 220 (1881) ; Sharpe in Seebohnis Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 269
(1899) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 36 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 141 (1903).

Turdus migratorius, var. migratorius, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, i. p. 25 (1874).

Merula migratoria, Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 219 (1887) ;
MacFarlane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 445 (1891).

The eggs of the Red-breasted Thrush or American " Eobin " are
for the most part of a pointed oval form, very glossy and of a deep
greenish-blue colour. Judging from the considerable series in the
Collection, they are remarkably free from variation in size or tint.
They measure from 1*05 to 1-26 in length, and from '73 to -88 in
breadth.

4. North America.

2. North America.

8. North America {Henshaiu Coll.).
4. North America \B. F. Goss).

3. North America (Smiths. Inst.).

3. North America (Stniths. Inst.).

4. North America {Smiths. Inst.).
2. North America {Tristram Coll.).

1. Anderson River Fort, Arctic

America, 13th June {R. Mac-
Farlane, Stniths. Inst.).

5. Fort Simpson, Arctic America.
4. Fort Simpson.

2. Fort Rae, Gt. Slave Lake {L.

Clarke: Smiths. Inst.).
2. British Columbia (J. K. Lord).
2. Vancouver Island, 4th June.

1. Saskatchewan {Bourgeau).

2. St. Stephen's, New Brunswick

{H E. Dresser).

3. St. Stephen's {H. E. B.).

6. Pennsylvania {Krider).

4. New York {Tristram Coll.).

3. Ithaca, New York {C J. Pin-
nock).

2. Ithaca, 18th May (C. J. P.).

3. Ithaca, 30th April {JF. E. D.

Scott).

5. Granville, New York, 15th June.

4. Massachusetts, 2nd June.

Old Collection.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
Crowley Bequest.

N. Amer. Bound. Comm.
Crowley Bequest.
Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.

Salvin-Godman CoU.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest,
Princeton University,N.J.[E.].

Princeton University ,N. J. [E.].
Princeton University,N. J.[E. J.

W. Radcliife Saunders, Esq.

W. RadclifFe Saunderv Esq.

[P.].

TURDU8. HTLOCICHLA. 123

3. Princeton, N.J., 25th April Princeton University ,N.J.[E.].

( W. E. D. Scott).

8. Princeton, 10th May ( W. E. D. S.). Princeton University, N. JJE.'

3. Princeton, 16th M&y(W.E.I).S.). Princeton Univer8ity,NJ.[E.
2. Princeton, 22nd May ( W. E. D. S.). Princeton University, N. J.[E;

Turdus propinqnus (Bidgw.).

Turdus migratorius, aiict (nee Linn.; ex Amer. Boreali occidentali et

Mexico).
Turdus propinquus, Ridgw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Clvh^ ii. p. 9 (1877) ; Sharpe

in SeehohmJ's Mon. Turdidce^ i. p. 285 (1899) ; id, Hand-l. iv. p. 141

(1903).

A clutch of four eggs of the "Western Ked-breasted Thrush or
*' Robin " from Los Angeles, California, are, as might be supposed,
exactly like those of the very closely allied Eastern form, T. migra-
torius., and of a glossy greenish blue without any markings. They
vary from 1*10 to 1*27 in length, and from '80 to 'SI in breadth.

4. Los Angeles, California, 10th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Genus HYLOCICHLA, Baird.

Hylocichla mustelina (Gm.).

Turdus mustehnus, Thien. Fortpjianz. yes. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 4 (1845-54) ;
Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 7 (1874) ; Salv. 8f
Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 9 (1879) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds
B. M. V. p. 196 (1881) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon. Ttirdidce, i. p. 147
(1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. 5. 35 (1899).

Hylocichla mustelina, Sharpsy Hand-l. iv. p. 141 (1903).

Eggs of the Wood-Thrush show considerable variation in form,
from a blunt to an ordinary, or even a much elongated, oval, and
are decidedly glossy. They are of a pale blue or greenish-blue
colour, unspotted ; at least it is very rare to meet with any markings
on them. In size they vary from -95 to 1*12 in length, by from
•70 to -81 in breadth.

8. North America (Henskaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

6. North America {Smiths. Inst,). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. North America. H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].

2. North America. Crowley Bequest.
4. New York (I). G. Elliot : Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.).

3. Wellesley, Mass., 30th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
3. New Jersey {J. G. Bell : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

3. Princeton, New Jersey, 27 th May Princeton University, N.J. [E.l.

( W. E. 1). Scott).

4. Princeton 13th June {W. E. D. Princeton University, N. J. [E.].

Scott).

124 TUKDID^.

3. Princeton, 21st June ( W. E. D. PrincetonUniver8ity,N,J.[E.].

Scott).

1. N. Carolina {Smiths. Inst.). Princeton University,N. J. [E.].

Hylocichla fuscescens (Ste^h.).

Tardus fuscescens, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 9 (1874) ;

Salv. 8f Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 10 (1879) ; Seebohnif

Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 203 (1881) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon.

TurdidcB, i. p. 153 (1898) ; Neh-k. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 36 (1899).
Turdus (Hylocichla) fuscescens, Coues, Birds Color. Valley, p. 39 (1878).
Hylocichla fuscescens, Ridyw. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. iv. p. 207 (1881) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 141 (1903).

The eggs of Wilson's Thrush are of a regular oval shape, very
glossy and of a deep blue colour. Dr. Coues states, however, that
sometimes, but very rarely, they are slightly speckled at the broad
end. They measure from -85 to '95 in length, and from 'QQ to '71
in breadth.

2. North America {Henshaio Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. North America {Macyillivray Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Fort Dufferin, Manitoba {G. M. N. Amer. Bound. Comm.

Dawson).
2. Kacine, Wisconsin {Hoy). Seebohm Coll.

4. Ilhode Island, 26th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Hylocichla aliciae {Baird).

Turdus aliciae, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 11 (1874) ;

Salv. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 12 (1879) ; Seebohm^

Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 202 (1881) ; Nelson, Report Nat. Hist.

Alaska, p. 216 (1887) ; MacFarlane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv.

p. 445 (1891) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 163 (1898) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 36 (1899).
Hylocichla aliciee, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 142 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey-cheeked Thrush are very similar to those
of H. swainsoni^ but, according to Messrs. Baird, Brewer & Bidgway
(I. c.) the eggs of the present species have a more distinctly blue
ground-colour. They measure from -88 to -94 in length, and from
•Qq to -68 in breadth.

2. Nulato, Yukon, Alaska, June {E. Salvin-Godman Coll.

W. Nelson : Henshaiv Coll.).
1. Anderson River, Arctic America, Salvin-Godman Coll.

22nd June {R. MacFarlane :

Smiths. Inst.).
4. Anderson River {R. MacF. : Salvin-Godman Coll.

Henshaw Collection).

1. Anderson River [R. MacF. : Crowley Bequest. '„

Tristram Coll.).

2. Anderson River, 22iid June Crowley Bequest.

{R. MacF. : Tristram Coll.).
2. Labrador. Crowley Bequest. ^■>^'~

HYLOCICHLA. 125

HylocicMa ustulata (Nutt.).

Tardus swainsonii, var. ustulatus, Baird, Brewer %■ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds,
i. p. 16 (1874).

Turdus ustulatus, Salv. 8f Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 10 (1879) ;
Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 203 (1881) ; Sharpe in Seehohm,
Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 176 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 36 (1899).

Hylocichla ustulata, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 142 (1903).

Eggs of the Russet-backed Thrush are similar to those oi H. swain-
soni^ described below. They measure 0*81 to O'SS by 0-65 to 0'68.

1. Calif ornia. {B. Bidffwat/ : Tristram Crowley. Bequest.

Coll.).
6. Los Angeles, California, 10th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Hylocichla swainsoni {Gab.)

Turdus swainsonii, Boss, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 279 ; id. Canad. Nat.

vii. p. 144 (1862) ; Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 14

(1874) ; Salv. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer , Aves, i. p. 10 (1879) ;

Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 201 (1881) ; Dresser, Birds Eur.

ix. (Suppl.) p. 1 (1895) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 179

(1898) ; Nehrk. Kat Eiersamml. p. 36 (1899).
Turdus pallasii, apud Lord, Proc. R. A. Inst. Woohvich, iv. p. 338 (1865).
Turdus (Hylocichla) swainsoni, Coues, Birds Color. Valleg, p. 34 (1878).
Turdus ustulatus swainsonii. Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 218

(1887).
Hylocichla swainsoni, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 142 (1903).

The eggs of the Olive-backed Thrush are of a rather pointed
oval shape and slightly glossy. They are greenish blue, speckled
and mottled with russet, pinkish brown, and underlying lavender or
lilac. The markings are generally evenly disposed over the surface
of the shell, but occasionally they form an indistinct cap at the broad
end. Specimens measure from -8 to -95 in length, and from '61 to
•7 in breadth.

4. Porcupine River, Alaska, 10th June Salvin-Godman Coll.

{R. Kennicott: Smiths. Inst.).

4. British Columbia {J. K. Lord). N. Amer. Bound. Comm.

4. British Columbia. Crowley Bequest.

8. Mackenzie River District. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].

3. Little Slave Lake {S. Jones : Salvin-Godman Coll.

Henshaw Coll.).

3. Great Slave Lake {J. Lockhart : Crowley Bequest.

Smiths. Inst.).

3. Michigan, 30th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

3. California, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Hylocichla pallasi {Cah.)

Turdus pallasi, Baird, Brewer %■ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 18 (1874) ;

Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 199 (1881) ; Dresser, Birds Eur.

ix. {Suppl.) p. 5 (1895) ; Sharpe in Seebohm's Mon. Turdidce, i. p. 185

(1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 35 (1899).
Hylocichla pallasi, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 143 (1903).

126 TFRDIDJ5.

Three eggs of the Eastern Hermit-Thrush in the Collection
are of a regular or slightly broad oval form, fairly glossy, and of
a pale blue colour, unspotted. They measure -83 by -69 ; -90 by '70 ;
and '90 by '70 respectively.

3. Massachusetts. W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Hylocichla guttata (Pall.).

Turdus aonalashkse, Gm. Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 200 (1881) ;

Sliarpe in SeebohnCs Man. Turdidce, i. p. 193 (1898).
Turdus guttatus, Ridgivay, Orn. 4.0th Par. p. 393 (1875).
Hylocichla guttata, Merriam, ^^c. Auk, xix. p. 330 (1902) : Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 143 (1903).

There is a single ^%% in the Collection, from Eort Simpson,
which was originally included with those ofH.pallasi just described,
but the bird from that locality has now been ascertained to be of the
present species.

Like the eggs of H. j)allasi, this is of a pale greenish-blue colour
and spotless. It measures '94 by '70.

1. Fort Simpson. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].

Hylocichla iliaca (Linn.)

Turdus iliacus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Voy. tab. xxiv. fig, 10, a~c (1845-
54) ; Baedeker, Pier Pur. Vog. tab. 4. fig. 4, tab. 74. fig. 4 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, Pgys of Brit. Birds, i. p. 87, pi. xxiv. figs, i & ii (1856) ;
Wheehvright, Spring 8f Summer in Lapl. p. 283 (1871) ; Dresser^
Birds Pur. ii. p. 35 (1872) ; Seebohm 8f Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876,
p. 125 ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1879, p. 3 ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 189
(1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 220, pi. 8 (1883) ; id. Pggs of Brit. Birds,
p. 179, pi. 50. figs. 5 & 8 (1896) ; Sharpe in Seebohm^ s Man. Turdidce,
\. p. 123 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat. Piersamml. p. 35 (1899).

Hylocichla iliaca, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 143 (1903).

The eggs of the Redwing are of a slightly elongated oval form,
broad or blunt ovals being exceptional. They show a considerable
amount of gloss. They are pale greenish blue, marked with various
shades of pale reddish brown ; the majority are freckled and streaked
very evenly arid densely all over the surface of the shell ; a few are
less thickly and evenly blotched or streaked. There is a great
uniformity in the coloration of the eggs of the Redwing, and there
is little tendency towards the formation of any cap or gathering of
the markings at the broad end. Most of the specimens in the
Collection have a few and insignificant black specks and short hair-
lines about the broader end, extending to the middle of the Qgg in
some cases. Examples measure from -9 to I'l in length, and from
•7 to '81 in breadth.

6. Molde, Norway {H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll. '*

5, Bodo, Norway, 28th May (F. B. Sf Salvin-Godman Coll.

P. Godman).

6. Bodo, 28th May {P. D. 8c P. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Bodo, 18th June {P. D. 4' P. G. : Crowley Bequest. , >^
Trist?'am Coll.).

HTLOCICHLA.

127

1. Bodo, June {F. D. 8f P. G. : Tris-

tram Coll.).
4. Sundal Valley, Norway, 15th June.
4. Christiansund, Norway, May.

6. Sweden (Meves).

7. Sweden (H. W. Wheelwright).

4. Muonioniska, Lapland, 29tli May

{Tristram Coll.).

5. Petchora River, 66° N . Lat., 5tli

June {H. Seebohm ^ J. A. H.-B.)
4. Petchora River, 66° N. Lat., 5th

June {H. S. 8r J. A. H.-B.).
4. Petchora River, 66° N. Lat., 5th

June (H. S. ^ J. A. H.-B.).

4. Petchora River, 66° N. Lat., 10th

June {H. S. ^ J. A. H.-B.).

2. Yenesei River, 661° N. Lat., 22nd

June (H. Seebohm).

3. Yenesei River, 66^° N. Lat., 25th

June (H. S.).

4. Yenesei River, 71° N. Lat., July

(H. S.).

5. Yenesei River, 70^° N. Lat., 1st

July (H. S.).

5. Yenesei River, 70^° N. Lat., 2nd

July {H. S.).
4. Yenesei River, 70^° N. Lat., 3rd
July (H. S.).

Crowley Bequest.

Dr. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Bernard Hanson [C.J.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm CoU.

Seebohm Coll.

Hylocichla coburni (Sharpe).
Hylocichla coburni, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 140 (1903).

The eggs of the Iceland Redwing are similar to those of //. iliaca.

4. Iceland.

5. Iceland.

2. Iceland (W. Proctor).

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Hylocichla musica (Linn.)
(Plate YIII. figs. 12 & 15-18.)

Turdus musicus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 8, a-c (1845-
54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 4. fig. 3, tab. 75. fig. 3 (1855-
68) ; Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 81, pi. xxiii. fig. ii (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 19 (1871) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v.
p. 191 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 213, pi. 8 (1883) ; id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 178, pi. 50. fig. 2 (1896) -, Sharpe in Seebohm' s Mon.
Turdidce, i. p. 131 (1898).

Hylocichla musica, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 144 (1903).

The eggs of the Song-Thrush are chiefly of a broad oval shape,
but some are elongated and pointed, and others are spheroidal.
They are, as a rule, very glossy.

The ground-colour is a bright, clear greenish blue, marked with
roundish spots of dark purplish-brown or black ; at the broad end the
markings are generally larger and more numerous, some being of
irregular shape and more of the nature of blotches.

128

TTJBDID^.

Some eggs are also marked with underlying spots of lilac, but the
majority entirely want these secondary markings. Occasionally
specimens are marked with pale reddish brown or lilac-brown, in
which case the spots are more blotchy and cloudy, unlike the ordinary
neat circular markings, and sometimes, but very rarely, the eggs are
found perfectly plain.

A very extraordinary pair in the Collection, from Warminster,
Wiltshire, are pure white, spotted boldly but not thickly, and chiefly
at the larger end, with pale rusty-brown and reddish lilac ; this
appears to be a most unusual variety.

The eggs of the Song-Thrush measure from '96 to 1*2 in length,
and from -77 to -9 in breadth.

3.

6.
1.
4.

4.

4.
4.

4.
5.
4.
3.
3.
5.

5.
4.

2.
3.
3.
5.

2.
4.

Dochfour, Invemess-shire {Hargitt

Coll.).
Loch end, near Inverness {Hargitt

Coll.).
Wilstrop, Yorkshire [Hargitt Coll.).
Burton-on-Humber.
Endcliffe Wood, Sheffield, 26th

April [H. Seebohm).
Ashopton, Derbyshire, 13th April

{H S.).
Ashopton, 13th April [H. S.).
Thoresby Park, Notts, 19th April

{H S.).
Clumber Park, Notts, 9th May(ir. S.).
Cambridgeshire.
Cambridgeshire.
Cambridgeshire.
Cambridgeshire.
Coton, Cambridgeshire, 11th May

(O. Salvin).
Cookham, Berkshire, April.
Cookham, Berkshire, May.
Warminster, Wiltshire.
Sherborne, Dorset.
Sherborne.
Avington, Hants, 5th May (R. B. S.:

Hargitt Coll.).
Alton, Hants.
The Hurst, Binsted, Hants, 4th

May [Hargitt Coll.).
Cobden's Copse, Hants, 4th May

{Hargitt Coll.).
Crawley, Sussex, 24th May [R.B.S.).
Crawlev, 26th May [R. B. S.).
Crawley, 26th May [R B. S.).
Coulsdon, Surrey.
Churt, Surrey, June.
Churt.

Loughton, Essex, 5th April (O. JS.).
Thornton Heath, Croydon.
Lapland [A. Neivton).
Christiania, Norway, 17th May

[R. Collett: Hargitt Coll.).
Stolp, Pomerania [2\ Holland).

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

J. A. Gibson, Esq. [P.].

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P."
F. Bond, Esq. ^'^^
F. Bond, Esq.
F. Bond, Esq.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Gould Coll.

Gould Coll.

J. W. Phillips, Esq. [P.].

S. S. Buckman, Esq. [P.l.

S. S. Buckman, Esq. [P.].

Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

SeeUohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll. "^ '-^

MONTICOLA. — PETROPHILA. 129

5. Politz, Pomerania {T. H.). Seebolim Coll.

4. Livonia, Baltic Provinces, 14th May Seebohm Coll.

(Hussoiv).
4. Valkensvt^aard, Holland, IGtli May Seebohm Coll.

(C. B. WJmrton 8f H. Seebohm).

Genus MONTICOLA, Boie.
Monticola saxatilis {Linn.).

Tardus saxatilis, Tliien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 1, a, b (1845-

64).
Petrocincla saxatilis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 10 (1855-

63) ; Heicitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 95, pi. xxvi. fig. ii (1856).
Monticola saxatilis, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 129 (1872) ; Seebohm, Cat.

Birds B. M. v. p. 313 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 281, pi. 8 (1883);

id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 186, pi. 51. fig. 4 (1896) ; Sharps, Hand-l.

iv. p. 144 (1903).

The eggs of the Eock-Thrush vary in shape from a broad to a
narrow oval, and have a considerable amount of gloss. The ground-
colour is a pale delicate bluish green, either plain or marked with a
few small brown specks, usually on the larger end. They vary from
•99 to 1*13 in length, and from '7 to '81 in breadth.

2. Vosges Mts., France (Mougel: Seebohm Coll.

Hargitt Coll.).

2. Vosges Mts. (Mougel: Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

1. Vosges Mts., 1st April [Mougel: Seebohm CoU.

Hargitt Coll.).

2. Pyrenees {Fairmaire). Seebohm Coll.
4. St. Gothard, Switzerland, 20th May. Seebohm Coll.

2. Geneva, (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

4. Parnassus, Greece, 25th May (H. Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Sj- T. Krilper).

4. Greece. Crowley Bequest.

Genus PETROPHILA^ Swains,
Petrophila cyanus (Linn.).

Turdus cyaneus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiv. fig. 3, a, b (1845-

54).
Petrocossyphus cyanus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 11 (1855-

63) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. pp. 129, 139 (1871-2).
Petrocincla cyanea, Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 89 ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871,

p. 210; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. ii. p. 57, pi. (1875).
Monticola cyanus, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 316 (1881).
Petrophila cyanus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 146 (1890) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 144 (1903).
Petrophila cyana, Oates ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 105

(1890).

Eesembling the eggs of the preceding species, M. saxatilis, in
size and ground-colour, those of the Western Blue Rock-Thrush are
more easily divisible into a plain and a spotted type, and in the
latter the spots are more numerous. In the Museum series these
two types are about equally represented.

VOL. IV. jt

180

TFRBIDJi:.

5, Spain, 23rd May. Crowley Bequest.

3. Alura,Mala,ua, Spain f^. ^SrttM^ic^ers). Seebohm Cull.

4. Parnassus, Greece, ISth May (if. Seebohm Coll.

Seehohm 8f T. Kriiper).
3. Parnassus, 16th May {H. S. 8r Seebohm Coll.
T. K).

6. Parnassus, 28th May (E. S. ^ Seebohm Coll.

T. K.).

1. Parnassus, x'ipril. Crowley Bequest.

3. Smyrna, 28th April {T. Krilper). Seebohm Coll.

2. Palestine, 2nd April {H. B. Crowley Bequest.

Trktram).
1. Murree, Himalayas, 7tli June Hume Coll.

(0. //. T. Marshall).

Petrophila manilla (Bodd.).

Petrocossyphus manillensis, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1860, p. 56.

Monticola solitaria, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M.\. p. 319 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Biersamml. p. 40 (1899).
Petrophila solitaria, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 145 (1890).
Petrophila manilla, Sharpe, Hand-L iv. p. 144 (1903).

There is considerable difference in the size of the eggs of the
Chinese series of the Eastern Blue Eock-Thrush in the Collection.
In colour the eggs vary but little, being of the same delicate pale
blue tint as those of their western congeners, in some cases sparingly
dotted with rufous-brown at the larger end. In size they range
from 0*9 to 1*27 in length, and from 0*75 to 0'85 in breadth.

4. Amur-land, 16th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

3. Amoy, China {R. Sioinhoe). Seebohm Coll.

1. Amoy (R. S. : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Petrophila cinclorhyncha ( Vig.).
(Plate VII. fig. 11.)

Monticola cinclorhyncha, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M, v. p. 320 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Hiersamml. p. 40 (1899).
Petrophila cinclorhyncha, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 144 (1890) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Fgys Ind. Birds, ii. p. ]03 (1890) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 144 (1903).

Eggs of the Blue-headed Rock -Thrush vary from a regular to a
narrow oval shape and possess a considerable amount of gloss.
They are cream-coloured, speckled and mottled, more densely at the
broad end as a rule, with pale brownish pink or pale chestnut, some-
what resembling large pale eggs of Eritliacus rubecula. They
measure from '9 to -97 in length, and from -67 to -71 in breadth.

2. Kashmir, 2nd June. Hume Coll.

3. Dharmsala, Himalayas, 20th May Hume Coll.

(C. R. Cock).

PETROPHILA.. ACCENTOR. 131

4. Kotegarh, Himalayas, 30th April. Hume Coll.

4. Kotegarh, 29th June. Hume Coll.

1. N.W. Himalayas, May {W. E. Crowley Beq^uest.

Brooks: Tristram Coll.).

1. N.W. Himalayas. Crowley Bequest.

PetropMla rupestris ( Vieill.).
(Plate VII. fig. 2.)

Monticola rupestris, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 219 (1875-
84) ; Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 322 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 40 (1899) j Stark 8f Sclaterj Fauna S. Africa, Birds,
ii. p. 181 (1901).

Petrophila rupestris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 144 (1903).

There are three eggs of the Cape Eock-Thrush in the Collection.
One example is of a bluish-white colour, very sparingly speckled
with dark brown ; another is of a pale blue colour, mottled with
pale rufous at the broad end ; and another resembles in coloration
the eggs of P. cindorhyncha. These three specimens measure
respectively : 1-07 by '8 ; 1'04 by '71 ; 1*05 by '78.

1. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

2. South Africa. Crowley Bequest.

Petrophila erythrogaster ( Vig.).
(Plate YII. fig. 3.)

Monticola erythrogaster, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 326 (1881) ;

La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 179.
Petrophila erythrogastra, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 143 (1890);

id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 102 (1890).
Petrophila erythrogaster, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 145 (1903).

An Q^^ of the Chestnut-bellied Rock-Thrush in the Collection is
of a very regular oval shape and moderately glossy. It is of a pale
creamy-buff colour, freckled all over with very faint brownish pink.
It measures 1-05 by -79. It appears, from what Mr. La Touche
writes (l. c), that this e^^ was addled, and it may therefore be
somewhat discoloured and not of a typical character.

1. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 3500 feet, C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
2l8t May {J. B. La Touche).

Genus ACCENTOR, Bechst.
Accentor himalayanus (Blyth).

Accentor himalayanus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 168 (1890)

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 145 (1903).
Accentor altaicus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 660 (1883) ; Tacz.

Faune Om. SibSr. Orient, i. p. 223 (1891) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 65 (1899).

k2

132

TUEBID^.

The e<?gs of the Altai Accentor resemble those of T. modularise
though there seems to be a little more green in the blue tint. Four
examples measure respectively: '84 by '59; "1 by "6; "79 by '58;
•79 by 'bb.

2. Altai Mountains {NeJirkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Altai Mountains, 3rd June ( Tancre). Crowley Bequest.

Accentor collaris (>S^cqp.).

Accentor alpinus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiii. fig. 12, «, b

(1845-54); Baedeker, Bier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 1 (1855-63);

Heivitson, Egys of Brit. Birds, i. p. 96, pi. xxvii. fig. ii (1856) ;

Seehohm, Brii. Birds, i. p. 501, pi. 12 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds,

p. 216, pi. 54. tig, 4 (1896).
Accentor collaris. Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 29 (1873) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds

B. M. vii. p. 661 (1883) ; NeJirk. Kat. Eiersatnml. p. 65 (1899) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 146 (1903).

Eggs of the Alpine Accentor are of the same unspotted greenish-
blue colour as those of the Common Hedge-Sparrow, but are much
larger. They have a fair amount of gloss, and measure from '85 to
•97 in length, and from "64 to -67 in breadth.

1. Europe. Old Collection.

4. Switzerland, 3rd June. Crowley Bequest.

4. Ursern, Switzerland ('S'rtMw^fersCo^/.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Ursern {Saunders Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

1. Zurich. Crowley Bequest.

4. St. Gothard {T. Holland). Seebohm CoU.

2. St. Bernard (Tm^ram Co//.). Crowley Bequest.

Genus THARRHALEUS, Kaup.
Tharrhaleus modularis {Linn.).

Accentor modularis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog, tab. xxiii. fig. 13, a, b
(1845-64); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 2 (1855-63);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 97, pi. xxvii. fig. i (1856) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. iii. p. 39 (1873^ ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 649
(1883) ; Seehohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 497, pi. 12 (1883) ; id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 215, pi. 54. fig. 1 (1896).

Tharrhaleus modularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 146 (1903).

The eggs of the Common Accentor or ' Hedge-Sparrow ' vary from
a broad to a long oval form, with the smaller end somewhat sharply
pointed ; some have a dull roughish texture, others a fair amount of
gloss. They are of a beautiful spotless greenish-blue colour, measuring
from ^71 to '83 in length, and from "54 to '66 in breadth.

6. Dochfour, Inverness, 2nd June Seebohm Coll.

{E. Hargitt). /-

5. Lochend, Inverness {Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Lochend {Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

THABUHALEFS.

133

1. Lochend, 11th May {Hargitt Coll).

5. Lochend, June {Hargitt Coll.).

4. Lochend, 5th June {Hargitt Coll.).

6. Lochend, 7th June {Hargitt Coll.).

3. Lochend {Hargitt Coll.).

2. Coquet IsL, Northumberland,

16th June (O. Salvin).

5. Cumberland {Heysham).

3. Cambridgeshire.

4. Cambridgeshire.

6. Cambridgeshire.

4. Haddenham, Cambridge, 19th May.

3. Norfolk, 16th May {F. Norgate).

5. Norfolk, 29th May {F. N.).

5. Norfolk, Slst May (i^.iV.).

6. Taplow, Berks, 16th April {J. G.).

4. Binstead, Hants, 29th April

{Hargitt Coll.).

5. Alton, Hants.

5. Bishop's Wood,Finchley (O. Salvin).

1. Finchley (O. S.).

2. Bedford Park, Chiswick, 19th April

(i2. B. Sharpe: Hargitt Coll.).
5. Sundal Valley, Norway, 21st June
{R. B. S.).

5. SundalValley,23rdJune(iS;.5.>S^.).

6. Valkenswaard, Holland, 24th May

(H. Seehohm).

5. Reval, Baltic Pro vs., June

{Bussow).

6. Altenkirchen, Prussia, 26th April

{T. Holland).

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Gould CoU.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.
F. Bond, Esq. [P._
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm CoU.

Dr. R. Bowdler Sharp© [P.].

Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.J.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Tharrhaleus montanellus (Pall.).

Accentor montanellus, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 35 (1876) ; Bree, Birds

Eur. 2nd ed. ii. p. 63, pi. (1875) ; Seebohm, ibis, 1879, p. 16 ;

Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 653 (1883) ; Tacz. Faune Orn. SibSr.

Orient, i. p. 218 (1891); Popham, Ibis, 1897, p. 93; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 65 (1899).
Tharrhaleus montanellus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 147 (1903).

The eggs of the Mountain- Accentor resemble those of T. modularis,
but are somewhat smaller and paler in colour. They measure from
•65 to -8 in length, and from -5 to -55 in breadth.

4. Yenesei River, Lat. 10\° N., Seebohm Coll.
1st July {H. Seebohm).

4. Yenesei River, Lat. 70^° N., Seebohm Coll.

2nd July {H. S.).
3. Yenesei River, Lat. 70^° N., Seebohm Coll.

3rd July {H. S.).

5. Yenesei River, Lat. 70^° N., Seebohm Coll.

3rd July (H. S.).
5. Yenesei River, Lat. 70^° N., Seebohm Coll.

4th July (H. S.),

134 TUEDID^.

Tharrhaleus ruljidus (T. ^ S.).

(Plate VII. fig. 21.)

A.ccentor rubidus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 652 (1883) ; Seehohm,

Birds Japan. Emp. p. 56 (1890).
Accentor fervidus, Sharpe, Cat, Birds B. M. vii. p. 653 (1883).
Tharrhaleus rubidus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 146 (1908).
Tharrhaleus fervidus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 146 (1903).

The eggs of the Japanese Hedge-Sparrow are precisely similar to
those of the Common Hedge-Sparrow, but smaller. Two specimens
measure respectively : "7 by "57 ; '72 by -57.

2. Japan {H. Fryer). Seebohm Coll.

Tharrhaleus fulvescens (Severtz.).

Accentor fulvescens, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 655 (1883) ; Tacz.

Faune Orn. Siher. Orient, i. p. 220 (1891) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 65 (1899).
Tharrhaleus f ulvescens, Oates, Fauna Brit. Lid., Birds, ii. p. 171 (1890) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 147 (1903).

The two eggs of the Brown Accentor in the Collection are not
to be distinguished from those of T. modularis. They measure
respectively : -82 by -61 ; -80 by -61.

2. Kuldja, 25th May {Tancre). Crowley Bequest.

Tharrhaleus atrigularis {Brandt).

Accentor atrigularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 656 (1883) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Fie?-samml. p. 65 (1899).
Tharrhaleus atrigularis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 170 (1890) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 147 (1903).

Two eggs of the Black-throated Accentor in the Collection resemble
those of T. modularis, but are slightly greener in tint. They
measure respectively : '7 by '6 ; -72 by '6.

2. Kuldja ( Tancre : Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

Tharrhaleus jerdoni {Brooks).

Accentor jerdoni, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 660 (1883).
Tharrhaleus jerdoni, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 172 (1890) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 114 (1890) ; Sharpe^

Hand-l. iv. p. 147 (1903).

Eggs of Jerdon's Accentor do not appear to be separable from
those of T. modularis. Three examples measure respectively : '72
by -55; '75 by -55; -73 by -55.

1. Kashmir, 5th June ( ^. jEJ. ^rooA-s). Hume Coll.

2. Kashmir, 5th June ( W. E. B. : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.). ^. V

EPHTHIANURA. 135

Genus EPHTHIANURA, Gould.

EphtManura albifrons {Jard. Sf Selhy).

Ephthianura albifrons, Ramsai/, Ibis, 1863, p. 178 ; Gould, Handb. Bii'ds
Austr. i. p. 377 (1865) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 666 (1883) ;
North, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 144, pi. xiii. fig. 11 (1889) t
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 65 (1899) ; Caynpbell, Nests <f Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 282 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 148 (1903).

The eggs of the White-fronted Bush-Chat are of a regular oval
form and delicate texture, but almost devoid of gloss. They are of
a white or pinkish- white colour, lightly speckled and spotted, chiefly
in a zone round the broad end, with lilac-red and lavender in some
specimens, very deep purplish brown and lavender in others.
Examples measure from '68 to "73 in length, and from '5 to '55 in
breadth.

4. Australia. Crowley Bequest.

3. New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay). Gould Coll.

4. Bexley, N.S.W. {A. J. North). Crowley Bequest.
3. South Australia, Oct. ( White). Gould Coll.

2. South Australia. Gould Coll.

3. Mouth of Yarra River, Melbourne, Crowley Bequest.

7th Dec. {A. J. N).
3. Victoria. Govt, of Victoria [!'.].

1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.C. [P.].

Ephthianura tricolor, Gould.

Ephthianura tricolor, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 380 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 667 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 143, pi. xiii. fig. 12 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 65 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 284 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 148 (1903).

The eggs of the Tricoloured Bush-Chat are of the same general
type as those of E. albifrons, but smaller, and the markings are less
numerous and entirely of a deep purple-brown colour. In size they
range from '65 to -71 in length, and from -47 to '52 in breadth.

1. Evandale, Angaston, S. Australia, Gould Coll.

27th Oct. {G. French Angas).
3. Lacblan River, New South Wales, Crowley Bequest.

17th Oct. {A. J. North).
3. Murray River, Victoria, 17th Nov. W. Radcliffe Sauuders, Esq.

[P.].

Ephthianura aurifrons, Gould.

Ephthianura aurifrons, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 380 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 668 (1883) ; North, Nests 8r Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 144 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 65 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 285, pi. 11 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 148 (1903).

The egg of the Orange-fronted Bush-Chat in the Collection is of

T

136 ItJKPlDiE.

the same type as those of E. albifrons, Tbeing white, speckled,
chiefly at the broad end, with two shades of purplish-brown. It
measures '67 by '54.

1. South Australia. Gould Coll.

Genus HENICURUS, Temm,

Henicurus leschenanlti ( Vieill.),

Henicurus leschenaulti, Sharpe, Cat Birch B. M. vii. p. 313 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 86 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samonl. p. 57 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 148 (1903).

The eggs of Leschenault's Pork-tail in the Collection are of an
ordinary oval shape and slightly glossy. They are of a pinkish-
cream or stone-colour, irregularly spotted all over, but not thickly,
with umber-brown and pale under-lying violet. They measure
respectively : '99 by -71 ; I'O by -7.

2. Java, 22nd April. Crowley Bequest.

Henicurus immaculatus, Hodgs.

Heri'curus immaculatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 314 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 8«5 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
^ Eggs Ind. Birds ii. p. 62 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 58
(1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 149 (1903).

An egg of the Black-backed Pork- tail is of a regular oval form
and possesses a small amount of gloss. It is of an extremely pale
bluish-white colour, sparingly blotched and spotted, except at the
larger end, where the markings are confluent and form a pronounced
cap, with very pale rufous and lilac-grey. It measures '85
by -63.

1. Baunee, Pegu Hills, 20th April Oates Coll.

{E. W. Oates),

Henicurus schistaceus, Hodgs.

Henicurus schistaceus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 315 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 84 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
^^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 60 (1890) ; La louche. Ibis, 1899, p. 194;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 58 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 149
(1903).

The ground-colour of Indian eggs of the Slaty-backed Pork-tail is
of the faintest possible tint of bluish white ; the shell, which is very
delicate in texture and rather glossy, is sparingly dotted and blotched
with two shades of brownish red, these markings increasing in
number and intensity towards the larger end, where they, form a
more or less conspicuous cap. Underlying this cap are som'e faint
lavender blolchcs. An egg from China is of a different type, being

HENICTJRUS. 137

finely and evenly speckled all over with pale rufous. The eggs are
of a regular or sometimes slightly broadened oval form, and measure
from -84 to -87 in length, and from -62 to -65 in breadth.

4. Sikhim, 4th May (J. Gamjnie). Hume Coll.

1. Mongphoo, Darjiling, 17th April Hume Coll.

{J. G.).

2. Himalayas. Crowley Bequest.
1. Tenasserim, 1st March (C. T. Hume Coll.

Binghajn) .
1. Tenasserim, 1st March (C. T. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

17th April {J. D. La Touche).

Henicnrus guttatus, Gould.

Henicurus guttatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 316 (1883) ; Oatesj
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 84 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests Sf
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 58 (1890); Nehrh. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 58
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 149 (1903).

The more highly-coloured eggs of the Eastern Spotted Fork-tail
bear a general resemblance to those of H. leschenaulti, but the
typical eggs are paler in tint, the creamy or light stone-coloured
ground being more closely freckled and streaked, and in some
cases clouded and spotted at the larger end, with dull reddish and
yellowish brown. Small spots of a darker brown occur on several
of the eggs of the H. leschenaulti type, and there are purplish blotches
underlying the cap, where one is present, at the broad end.

In shape the eggs vary from a slightly elongated to a broad oval.
They measure from '86 to I'OO in length, and from '65 to -70 in
breadth.

3. Himalayas. Crowley Bequest.

5. Mongphoo, Darjiling (/. Gammie). Hume Coll.

2. Mongphoo, 6th May {J. G.). Hume Coll.

2. Mongphoo, 7th May (J. G.). Hume Coll.

Henicurus maculatus, Vig.

Henicurus maculatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 317 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 83 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs
Ind. Birds, ii. p. 57 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 58 (1899) }
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 149 (1903).

The eggs of the Western Spotted Fork-tail are not separable from
those of H. leschenaulti and H. guttatus. Four examples measure
respectively : -91 by -67; '9 by -63; -95 by '7; '93 by '7.

2. Mussoorie, Himalayas ( r. -Hw^^ow). Hume Coll.

1. Kashmir, 17th April ( W. E. Crowley Bequest,

Brooks: Tristram Coll.).
1. Kashmir, 30th June ( W. E. B, : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.),

138 TURDIDJE.

Gernis MICROCICHLA, Sharxye.

MicrocicMa scouleri ( Vig.).

Microcichla scouleri, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 322 (1883) ; Oates^
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 88 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs
Ind. Birds, ii. p. 62 (1890) ; La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 195 ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 149 (1903).

Three eggs of the Little Fork-tail are of a somewhat broad oval
shape and slightly glossy. Two are white, speckled and spotted,
chiefly at the broad end, with bright chestnut and lilac. The
third has a dead white ground on which are a few dots and
small spots of brownish red, chiefly towards the larger end. They
measure respectively : -79 by '6 ; -77 by -59 ; -77 by -58.

2. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, March C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

(/. D. La Touche).
1. Kuatun, 25th April {J. D. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

La Touche).

Genus PHCENICURUS, Forster.

Phcenicurus phcenicurus {Linn.),

Sylvia phcenicurus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxii. fig. 9, a, b

(1845-54).
Ruticilla phoenicura, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 8 (1855-63) ;

Seebohm ^ Harvie-Broivn, Ibis, 1876, p. 215.
Phoenicura ruticilla, Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 104, pi. xxix.

fig. ii (1856).
Ruticilla phcenicurus, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p, 277 (1874) ; Seebohm,

Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 336 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 287, pi. 9

(1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 187, pi. 51. tig. 12 (1896).
Phcenicurus phcenicurus, Sharjje, Hand-l. iv. p. 150 (1903).

Eggs of the Redstart, of which there is a considerable series in
the National Collection, do not vary except in size and shape.
They are of a delicate pale blue, spotless and glossy, measuring
from -Qb to '85 in length, and from -52 to '6 in breadth.

4. Invermorriston, Inverness ( Hargitt Seebohm Coll.

Coll.).
6. Lakefield, Glen Urquhart, Inver- Seebohm Coll.
ness, 29th May {Ilargitt Coll).

5. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

4. Cambridgeshh'e. F. Bond, Esq. [P.".

3. Cambridgeshire, F. Bond, Esq, [P.].

5. Granchester, Cambridge, 28th Sahin-Godman CoU. -,

May (O, Salvin).

6. Norfolk, 4th June {F. Norgate). Seebohm Coll.
5. Norfolk, 18th May {F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Hampstead, Middlesex (O, *S,). Salvin-Godman ColI.'> ^

5. Kenwood, Hampstead (0. *S'.). Salvin-Godman Coll',
3. Churt, Surrey. Crowley Bequest.

PHCENICUEUS.

139

4.

Elbeuf, France {Noury : Hargitt

Coll.).
Vosges Mts., France, April {Mougel :

Hargitt Coll.).
Vosges Mts., April {Mougel: Hargitt

Coll.).
Valkenswaard, Holland, May

{J. Harrison: Hargitt Coll.).
Valkenswaard, 21st May (C B.

Wharton ^ H. Seebohm).
Sundal Valley, Norway, 22nd

June.
Lapland.
Petchora Eiver, Lat. 65|° N., lOth

June (H. Seebohm 8f J. A.

Harvie-Brown).
Reval, Baltic Pro vs., 15th June.

{Riissow).
Brunswick, 2nd May {E. V.

Seebohm).
Pomerania, 3rd May {T. Holland).

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Phcenicurus mesoleucus {Hempr. ^ Ehr.).

Ruticilla mesoleuca, Ih-esser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 285 (1876) ; Eanford, Ibis^
1878, p. 14 ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 338 (1881) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 40 (1899).

Phcenicurus mesoleucus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 150 (1903).

The eggs of Ehrenberg's Eedstart are indistinguishable from
those of P. phcenicurus. They measure from '72 to '8 in length,
and from -55 to '58 in breadth.

5. Taurus Mountains, Asia Minor,
25th April (C. G. Danford).

1. Taurus Mountains, 26th April

(C. G.D.).

2. Altai Mountains (Nehrkorn

Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest,

Phcenicurus titys (Scop.).

Sylvia tithys, Tkien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxii. fig. 8, a-c (1845-53).
E'uticilla tithys, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 9 (1855-63) ;

Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 210; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 339

(1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 293, pi. 9 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit.

Birds, p. 187, pi. 51. tig. 5 (1896).
Phoenicura tithys, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 105, pi. xxix.

fig. iii (1856).
Ruticilla titys, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 293 (1894).
Phcenicurus titys, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 150 (1903).

In shape the eggs of the Black Redstart vary from a broad to
a rather long oval. They are pure white, unspotted, and very
glossy, measuring from -68 to -82 in length, and from -54 to 'Q2 iu
breadth.

140 TURDIDJB.

4. Dauphin^, S.E. France (7/. Seebohm Coll,

Saunders).

3. Malaga, Spain, 9tli May {H. Seebohm Coll.

Saunders).

2. Germany. Gould Coll.

4. Saxony ( Charbonnier : Rargitt Seebohm Coll.

Coll.).

4. Brunswick, 14th May. Seebohm Coll.

5. Altenkirchen, 17th May {Sachse). Seebohm Coll.

3. Dresden. Crowley Bequest.
5. Bohemia, 2nd May (^. >Sc^/w«Jer). Seebohm Coll.

2. Delphi, Greece, 5th May. Seebohm Coll.

4. Parnassus, 6th May (Seebohm 8r Seebohm Coll.

Krilper).

2. Parnassus, 24th May {S. 8fK.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Parnassus {T. Kruper). Crowley Bequest.

PhoBnicurus rufiventris ( Vieill.).

Ruticilla rufiventris, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 342 (1881) ; Pleske,
Prjev. Reisen, Aves, p. 54 (1889) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Irid., Birds,
ii. p. 95 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests Sr Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 64
(1890) ; Hartert, Nov. Zool. i. p. 669 (1894) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 40 (1899).

Phoenicurus rufiventris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 151 (1903).

Three eggs of the Indian Redstart in the Collection resemble
those of P. phoenicurus, but are somewhat paler in colour. They
measure respectively : '79 by -59 ; '78 by '6 ; "78 by -6.

3. Koko-nor (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Phoenicurus semirufus (Hempr. Sf Ehr.).

Ruticilla semirufa, Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 87; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M.

V. p. 344 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 40 (1899).
Phoenicurus semirufus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 151 (1903).

The eggs of the Palestine Redstart in the Collection resemble
those of P. phoenicurus. Two examples measure respectively : '75
by -56 ; -71 by '56.

2. Meiruba, Lebanon, Palestine, Crowley Bequest.

18th June (H. B. Tristram).

Phoenicurus auroreus (Gm.).
(Plate yil. fig. 5.)

Ruticilla aurorea, Tacz. J. f. O. 1872, p. 362, 1873, taf. i. fig. 11 ;

Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 345 (1881) ; Oates, Fauna Brit.

Ind., Birds, ii. p. 93 (1890) ; Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, i. p. 326

(1891) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 40 (1899).
Phoenicurus auroreus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 151 (1903).

Eggs of the Daurian Redstart are of a broad oval 'shape,
moderately glossy, and of a very pale blue colour, speckled and

PHCENICTTRrS. 141

mottled with pale rufous, chiefly at the broad end. Four examples
in the Collection measure respectively : -71 bv 'oo ; -68 by -57 ;
'65 by -55 ; -71 by -53.

1. Askold Island {Dorries). Seebohm Coll.

3. Amur-land. Crowley Bequest.

PhoenicurTis erythronotus (Eversm.).

Ruticilla erythronota, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 348 (1881) ;

Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 94 (1890) ; Tacz. Faune Orn.

Siber. Orient, p. 331 (1891) ; Nehrk. Kat. Fiersatmnl. p. 40 (1899).
Phoenicurus erythronotus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 152 (1903).

The eggs of Eversmann's Eedstart are of the same type as those
of P. auroreus. They are pale blue, delicately mottled and speckled
with pale rufous, the markings forming an ill-defined zone round
the broad end. Two examples measure respectively : '76 by -57 ;
•7 by -54.

2. Kuldja (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Phoenicurus frontalis ( Vig.).

Ruticilla jfrontalis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 349 (1881) ; Pleske,
Frjev. Beisen, Aves, p. 64, pi. v. fig. 5 (1889) ; Oates, Fauna Brit.
Ind., Birds, ii. p. 91 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds,
ii. p. 64 (1890) ; Hartert, Nov. Zool. i. p. 669 (1894) ; Osmaston,
Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. p. 471 (1898) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 40 (1899).

Phoenicurus frontalis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 162 (1903).

The eggs of the Blue-fronted Redstart are either of two very
distinct types, or they have in some cases been wrongly identified
by the naturalists who collected them.

Three eggs sent to Mr. Hume from Sikhim, and now in the
Collection, are avowedly of somewhat doubtful identity; they
are of a pale delicate blue colour and of a pointed oval shape,
moderately glossy, measuring respectively : "87 by -58 ; -81 by -6 ;
•85 by -6.

Eggs received by Herr Nehrkorn, also from Sikhim and said to
belong to this species, are described by him as being uniform pale
blue. The measurement of these eggs is given as 21 x 25 mm.,
apparently a misprint.

Mr. Hartert, describing a number of eggs of this Redstart from
Koko-nor, collected by Herr Tancre's men, states that they are of
a delicate greenish blue, with more or less indistinct small rufous-
brown spots near the larger end, in some almost invisible, in a
few others forming a very distinct and obvious ring. Eour of
these specimens, acquired in the Crowley Bequest, are now in the
Museum. They are much darker than the eggs in the Hume
Collection, excessively glossy and measuring respectively : '89 by '6 ;
•84 by ^6 ; -81 by -61 ; -85 by -6.

142 TUEDID^.

Of a totally different type are the eggs of this Redstart taken
by Mr. Osmaston in the Tons Valley in the Himalaya, and they
agree perfectly with the eggs figured by Dr. Pleske as those of
this species. They are pinkish white, clouded over with very pale
brownish pink, chiefly at the broad end, and a few very minute
specks of darker rufous are scattered over the shell. They are
fairly glossy and measure respectively: '79 by '6 ; '79 by "54 ; '78
by -56.

3. Sikhim. Hume Coll.

3. Tons Valley, Himalaya, June. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [P.].

4. Koko-nor {Tring Museum). Crowley Bequest.

Genus DIPLOOTOCUS, Ilartert.

Diplootocus moussieri (Olphe-Gall.).

Ruticilla moussieri, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 307; Tristram, Ibis, 1859,
p. 416 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 301 (1873) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd
ed. ii. p. 88, pi. (1875).

Pinarochroa moussieri, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 20 (1883) ; NehrTc.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 51 (1899).

Diplootocus moussieri, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 152 (1903).

The eggs of Moussier's Redstart are of a broad oval form, rather
glossy, and of a white or very pale bluish white, sometimes sparingly
marked with exceedingly minute rufous dots, easily overlooked
unless the specimens are carefully examined. They measure from
•72 to -78 in length, and from -56 to -57 in breadth.

1. Chemora, Algeria, 2nd June (0. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin).

2. Chemora, 2nd June {Tristram Crowley Bequest.

■Coll.).
1. Khifa M'sakta, Algeria, 25th April Salvin-Godman Coll.

(O. S.).
4. Khifa M'sakta, 24th April ( W. H. Crowley Bequest.

Simpson: Tristram Coll.).

Genus RHYACORNIS, Blanf,

Rhyacornis fuliginosa ( Vig.),

Xanthopygia fuliginosa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 253 (1879) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 26 (1899).
Rhyacornis fuliginosus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 98 (1890) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs hid. Birds, ii. p. 66 (1890) ; La Touche,

Ibis, 1899, p. 202.
Rhyacornis fuliginosa, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 152 (1903).

The eggs of the Plumbeous Redstart are regular or broad ovals,
somewhat pointed at the smaller end : some exhibit a consider-
able amount of gloss, while others are entirely devoid of it. ''They

CYANECULA.

148

are of a pale greenish white, thickly spotted and mottled with
more or less dull and dingy chestnut-brown and lavender, but
little ground-colour being visible in some specimens ; the markings
often collect into a confluent cap at the broad end. They measure
from '68 to -8 in length, and from -54 to '61 in breadth.

6. Himalayas.

2. Dharmsala, Himalayas, 20th May.
1. Dharmsala ( W. E. Brooks : Tris-
tram Coll.).

3. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 7th May.

4. Kuatun, 7th May.

1. Kuatun, 20th April (J. D. La T.).

3. Kuatun, 21st April {J. D. LaT.).

4. Kuatun, 22nd April {J. D. La T.).

2. Kuatun, 20th May {J. D. LaT.).
6. Kuatun, June {J. D. La T.).

2. Foochow, 3rd May.

2. Fohkien Province, May.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

J. D. La Touche, Esq. [P.].
J. D. La Touche, Esq. [P.].
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
C. B. Rickett, Esq. fp.^
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
Crowley Bequest.

Genus CYANECULA, Brehm.
Cyanecula suecica {Linn.).

Sylvia suecica, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxii. fig. 7,a-c (1845-54) ;

Wheelwright y Sjyring ^ Summer in Lapl. p. 286 (1871).
Cyanecula suecica, Baedeker, JEier Bur. Vdg. tab. 27. fig. 7 (1855-63) ;

Dresser, Birds Bur. ii. p. 317 CI 874) ; Seehohm 8f Harvie-Brown,

Ibis, 1876, p. 125 ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 99 (1890) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 153 (1903).
Phoenicura suecica, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 102, pi. xxix.

fig. i (1856).
Erithacus c^ruleculus, Seebohm, Cat, Birds B. M. v. p. 308 (1881):

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 39 (1899).
Erithacus suecica, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 269, pi. 9 (1883) ; id. Eggs

of Brit. Birds, p. 184, pi. 61. figs. 6 & 7 (1896).

The eggs of the Red-spotted Blue-throat may be described as
small forms of the bluish-green type of those of the Nightingale.
The ground-colour is greenish blue, frequently with a dull olive
tinge, and while some specimens are nearly uniformly of this colour,
the majority are distinctly speckled with rufous. They measure
from 'Qt to "8 in length, and from -55 to '57 in breadth.

3. Swedish Lapland {J. Wolley : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).
7. Lapland, 19th June.
2. Lapland (A. Newton).

5. Lapland {T. Holland).

2. Stockholm, June (Tristram Coll.).

4. Petchora River, Lat. 67^° N., June

(jff. Seebohm ^ J. A. Harvie-Broivn)

6. Petchora River, Lat. 68° N., 25th

June(^. S.^J.A.H.-B.).

3. Petchora River, Lat. 67|° N., 4th

Zu\y [H.S.Sf J. A. H.-B.).

Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

144 TURDID^.

Cyanecula cyanecula (Wolf).

Cyanecula cseriilecula, Baedeker, FAer Eur. Vor/. tab. 27. %. 6 (1855-63).
Cyanecula wolfi, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 311 (1874) ; Gates, Fauna

Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 100 (1890).
Erithacus cyaneculus, SeeboJmi, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 311 (1881).
Cyanecula cyanecula, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 163 (1903).

It would be impossible to separate the eggs of the White-spotted
Blue-throat in the Collection from those of the Hed-spotted form,
though at a casual glance the former may seem a trifle more highly
coloured.

Certainly, among them is a remarkable clutch from Yalkenswaard
(Seebohm Collection) which appears quite brilliant among its more
sombre neighbours. These eggs have a bright greenish-blue ground,
clouded, streaked, and blotched with rich rufous-brown of a soft and
agreeable tint, the markings increasing gradually in number and
density from one end to the other, and forming a conspicuous cap,
in one instance at the smaller end.

In size the eggs of this species vary from 'Q2 to '8 in length, and
from "5 to '6 in breadth.

6. Holland. Crowley Bequest.

3. Holland {J. Baker). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Yalkenswaard, Holland. Salvin-Godman Coll.
6. Valkenswaard. 10th May (C. B. Wharton Seebohm Coll.

8f H. Seebohm).

5. Valkenswaard, 21st Mav ( C.B. W.^H.S.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Valkenswaard, 25th May ( C.B. W.^H.S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Valkenswaard, 27th May {C.B. W.SfH.S.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Valkenswaard, 28th May {C.B. W.^^H.S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Valkenswaard, 28th May ( C.B. W.^H.S.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Valkenswaard, 28th May ( C.B. W.^H.S.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Valkenswaard, 29th May (C.^. W.^^H.S.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Valkenswaard, 29th May {C.B. W.^H.S.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Valkenswaard, 1st May. Crowley Bequest.

4. Valkenswaard. Crowley Bequest.

4. Valkenswaard. Crowley Bequest.

5. Belgium, 26tk May {C. B. W. ^ H. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

Genus AEDON, Forst.

Aedon megarhynclia (Brehm).

(Plate YIII. figs. 5 & 9.)

Sylvia luscinia, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. tab. xxi. fig. 2, a-c (1845-54).
Philomela luscinia, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 4 (1855-63) ;

Hewitson, Eggs of Brit, Eggs, i. p. 124, pi. xxxiii. figs, i & ii (1856).
Daulias luscinia. Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 363 (1876).
Erithacus luscinia, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B.M. v. p. 294 (1881) ; id. Brit.

Birds, i. p. 276, pi. 9 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit Birds, p. 185, pi. 51.

figs. 10 & 11 (1896).
Aedon megarhyncha, Sharpe, Kand-l. iv. p. 153 (1903).

There is not much variation in the eggs of the Nightingale,
though they may be separated into two types, having the- same
bluish-green ground, but differing in the amount and appearance of

AEDOX.

145

the reddish-brown surface-colour. In one type the eggs are only
faintly freckled, sometimes irregularly, but often at one end and
occasionally at both ends, in the form of a cap. The other type
has the colouring-matter so thickly distributed over the whole shell
as to appear of a reddish- or olive-brown tint. Examples occur
connecting these two types, but distinct varieties are apparently
scarce. One from the Crowley Bequest, taken at Churt, in Surrey,
is a pale olive-blue, almost without gloss, marked at the larger end
with a few spots and one or two large blotches of brownish red.
Another from the Salvin-Godman Collection, from Surrey, is of a
peculiar elongated elliptical form, with a pale bluish-green ground,
dotted and freckled with reddish brown, rather thickly towards the
larger end, where there is a very distinct cap. These two are the
only real abnormal specimens in a total of 115 eggs in the Musenm
cabinets.

Eggs of the Nightingale are usually very glossy. They measure
from -75 to -9 in length, and from -57 to -65 in breadth.

6.

England.

St. Neots, Hunts, 5th June {G. D.
Rowley: Tristrayn Coll.).

Cambridgeshire.

Cambridgeshire.

Cambridgeshire.

Cambridgeshire.

Cambridgeshire {F. Bond: Har-
gittColL).

Cambridge.

Maddingley, Cambridge, 19thMay.

New Forest, Hampshire {H. Saun-
ders) .

Farnham, Surrey (F. B. Godman).

Finchley, Middlesex (O. Salvin).

Finchley (O. S.).

Finchley (O. S.).

Surrey, June.

Churt, Surrey.

Elbeuf, France (Noury : Hargitt
Coll.).

Elbeuf {Noury: Hargitt Coll.).

Elbeuf (iVbwrt/: Hargitt Coll.).

Elbeuf, 28th May (Avowry; Har-
gitt Coll.).

Valkenswaard, Holland, 14th May
(a B. Whartm ^ H. Seebohm).

Valkenswaard, 16th M&j(C.B. W.
i^H.S.).

Valkenswaard, 21st May (C.B. W.
SfH.S.).

Valkenswaard, 21st Mav (C.B.W.
^H.S.). ^'

Valkenswaard, 21st May (C.B.W.
^H.S.).

Valkenswaard, 2l8t May (C.B. W.
^H.S.).

VOL. IV.

H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].
Crowley Bequest.

F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.J.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll,
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll,

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm CoU.

146

TTJEDID-E.

5. Valkenswaard, 29th May (0.5. PF. Seebohm Coll.

4. Pomerania, 1st May {T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.

3. Boufarik, Algeria, 3rd May {H. Crowley Bequest.

B. Tristram).

3. Kouba, Algeria, 13th June (H. B. Crowley Bequest.

T.).

Aedon luscinia {Linn.).

Sylvia philomela, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxi. fig. 1, a-c (1845-

54).
Philomela major, Baedeker, JEier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 3 (1855-63).
Daulias philomela, Bree, Birds Eur. 2iid ed. ii. p. 73, pi. (1875) ; Dresser,

Birds Eur. ii. p. 369 (1876).
Erithacus philomela, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 295 (1881).
Aedon luscinia, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 154 (1903).

Eggs of the Eastern Nightingale are, on the average, rather larger
than those of A. megarhyncJia, but do not otherwise differ from them.
They measure from *80 to '94 in length, and from '62 to '68 in
breadth.

4.

June

June

Island of Bornholm, Sweden Salviu-Godman Coll

{Erichsen).
Island of Bornholm,

{Erichsen).
Island of Bornholm (Eric
Island of Bornholm, 5th

(Meves).
Copenhagen, 2nd June {Terslev).
Uman, S. Russia {Goebel).
Uman, 1st June {Goebel).
Parnassus, Greece, 12th May

{H. Seebohm 8f T. KrUper).

Salvin-GodmanCoU.
Salvin-Godman Coll*
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Aedon golzii {Cab.).
(Plate VII. fig. 14.)

Erithacus golzii, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 297 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 39 (1899).
Daulias golzi, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 101 (1890).
Aedon golzii, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 154 (1903).

Eour eggs of the Persian Nightingale in the Collection do not
differ materially from those of A. megarJiyncha, being a trifle larger
in size, of a somewhat pointed oval form, and measuring respectively :
•93 by -69 ; -86 by -66 ; -85 by -67 ; and -83 by -67.

2. Altai Mountains {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Altai Mountains [Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
5. Shiraz, Persia, 8th May. H. F. Witherby, Esq. [P.].

ERITHACTJS. 147

Genus ERITHACUS, Guvier,
Erithacus rubecula (Linn.).

(Plate VIII. figs. 6 & 8.)

Sylvia rubecula, Thien. FoH'pfianz. ges. Vog. tab. xxii. fig. 6, a-c (1845-

54).
Erythacus rubecula, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 5 (1855-63) ;

Dresser, Birds Eur. i\.^.m9{l9>7S).
Erythaca rubecula, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds j i. p. 98, pi. xxviii.

(1856).
Erithacus rubecula, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 299 (1881) ; id.

Brit. Birds, i. p. 262, pi. 9 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 183,

pi. 51. figs. 2 & 3 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 154 (1903).

The Museum Collection contains a fine series of the eggs of the
Robin, which vary considerably in colour, and in shape, from the
broad oval to the spheroidal, and are generally highly glossy. The
ground is usually white or cream-coloured, sometimes tinged with
pale pink ; the markings are of various shades of brown or reddish
brown, mingled with underlying lavender, and while in some eggs
they are densely set over the whole shell in the shape of clouds,
blotches, and spots, in others they are sparingly distributed in the
form of small blotches and specks. In many specimens the mark-
ings are chiefly collected together at the broad end in the form of a
cap or zone, often very handsome.

A set of eggs from Churt, Surrey, is pure white without any
markings ; others are very faintly or sparingly coloured, without the
prevailing rufous-brown tint of the typical specimens. Two eggs
from Bristol are very strikingly zoned with dark purple-grey, almost
black, blotches, dominating the red-brown spots. In size the eggs
vary from '7 to '9 in length, and from -56 to -65 in breadth.

3. England. Old Collection.

3. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

5. Cambridgeshire. , F. Bond, Esq. [P.J.

6. Coton, Cambridgeshire, 11th May. Salvin-Godman Coll.
6. Norfolk, 23rd April {F. Norgate). Seebohm Coll.

6. Norfolk, 20th May {F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Taplow, Berkshire. Gould Coll.
2. Bristol. W. G. 0. Norman, Esq. fP
4. Great Whitley, June. W. E. de Winton, Esq. [P.

4. Bentley, Hants, 22nd April (Har- Seebohm Coll.

gitt Coll.).

5. Bentley, 2nd May {Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
5. New Forest {H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
4. Finchley, Middlesex (O. Sahin). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Finchley (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Chiswick, 4th April {Hargitt Seebohm Coll.

Coll).

5. Churt, Surrey, May. Crowley Bequest.

5. Churt, May. Crowley Bequest.
4. Churt, June. Crowley Bequest.

6. Valkenswaard, Holland, 20th May Seebohm Coll.

(C. B. Wharton Sf II. Seebohm).

l2

148 TURBIB^.

7. Valkenswaard, 27tli May ( C. B. W. Seebohm Coll.
8f H. S.).

6. Pomerania, May {T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.

7. Pomerania, 7th May {T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Pomerania, 27th May {T, H.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Revel, Baltic Provs., 21st June Seebohm Coll.

{Russoio).
3. Below Caldeira, 2700 ft., Fayal, Hon. Walter Rothschild [P.].
Azores, 27th May {W. R.
Ogilvie-Grant).

3. Below Caldeira, 2700 ft., 27th May Hon. Walter Rothschild [P.].

( W. R. O.-G.).

Erithacus superbus, Kbnig.

Erithacus superbus, Koniff, J.f. 0. 1889, p. 183 ; id. J.f. 0. 1890, p. 383,
pi. viii. fig. 4 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiermmwl. p. 39 (1899) ; Sharpej
Hand-l. iv. p. 164 (1903).

Compared with eggs of E. rubecula., those of the Teneriffe Robin
seem to be less glossy and more highly coloured, the markings
being of a somewhat richer and darker rufous-brown, with a
more noticeable amount of underlying lavender-grey, especially at
the larger end. There is no difference in size ; the eggs in the
Collection vary from '76 to '84 in length, and from 'b^ to "60 in
breadth.

4. Canary Islands. Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
4. Teneriffe. Crowley Bequest.

Erithacus akahige {Temm.),

(Plate Yll. fig. 1.)

Erithacus akahige, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 299 (1881) ; id.
Birds Japan. Emp, p. 50 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 39
(1899) ; Sharpe, Iland-l. iv. p. 154 (1903).

Two eggs of the Japanese Robin in the Collection are of a blunt
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are of a very pale blue
colour, without markings, and measure : -83 by -64 ; -88 by -61.

2. Seven Islands, Japan, 20th May. Crowley Bequest.

Genus HODGSONIUS, Bonap,

Hodgsonius phcenicuroides (Eodgs.).

Hodgsonius phcenicuroides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 81 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i, p. 190 (1889) ; Osmaston, Joum,
Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. p. 67 (1897) ; Wilson, op. cit. xii. p. 635
(1899) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 52 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 155 (1903).

The eggs of Hodgson's Short-wing are of a rather pointed oval
form, glossy, and of a deep blue colour. Two examples, in the
Collection measure respectively : 'Sb by 'Q2 ; -9 by -63.

2. Garhwal, Himalayas. B. B, Osmaston, Esq. [P.].

CALLIOPE. LARVIVOEA. 149

Genus CALLIOPE, Gould.

Calliope calliope {Pall.).

Calliope camtschatkensis, Tacz. J.f. O. 1872, p. 433 ; 1873, taf. 1. fig. 13;

Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 341 (1875).
Erithacus calliope, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 305 (1881) ; Tacz.

Faune Om. SiMr. Orient, p. 335 (1891) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 39 (1899).
CaUiope calliope, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 155 (1903).

A pair of eggs of the Siberian Ruby-throated Robin in the Collec-
tion are of a regular oval shape and rather glossy. They are of a
plain dull blue colour, though, according to Taczanowski, the eggs
of this species are usually faintly marked at the broad end with
rufous. In size they measure respectively : '82 by '61 ; and '9
by -63.

2. Lake Baikal, Siberia {Dybowski). Crowley Bequest.

Genus lANTHIA, Blyth.

lantMa rufilata (Hodgs.).

Tarsiger rufilatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 256 (1879) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 27 (1899).
lanthia rufilata, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 106 (1890) ; id. ed.

Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 68 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 156 (1903).

Three eggs of the Eed-flanked Wood-Robin are rather peculiar in
shape ; they are broad ovals, much pointed at the small end, and
with a perceptible compression, almost amounting to a point, at the
larger end. They vary in the amount of gloss on their surface, but
are all of an extremely pale greenish-white, with a faint zone at the
broad end composed of tiny specks of pale red-brown. The respec-
tive measurements are : -70 by -55 ; '70 by -56 ; and "70 by -57.

1. Kashmir, 2nd June ( W. E. Brooks). Hume Coll.

2. Kashmir, 2iid June (W. E. B.: Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

Genus LARVIVORA, Hodgs.

Larvivora cyanea (Pall.).

Larvivora cyane, Tacz. J. f. O. 1872, p. 363 ; 1873, taf. 1. fig. 12 ; id.

Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 338 (1891).
Erithacus cyaneus, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 303 (1881) ; id.

Birds Japan. Emp. p. 53 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 39

(1899).
Larvivora cyanea, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 157 (1903).

Two eggs of the Siberian Blue Robin in the Collection resemble

X

150 TUJRDTD.E.

those of L. hnmnea, but are rather longer. They are of a regular
oval shape, slightly glossy, and of a plain blue colour. They measure
respectively : -81 by -6 ; '78 by -59.

2. Hondo, Japan, 24th May. Crowley Bequest.

Larvivora brunnea, Hodgs.
(Plate VII. fig. 4.)

Erithacus brunneus, Seeboktn, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 302 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Kat. EiersamTrd. p. 39 (1899).
Larvivora brunnea, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 182 (1889) ; id.

ed. Hume, Nests ^ JEgps Ind. Birds, i. p. 127 (1889) ; Osmaston,

Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. p. 71 (1897), p. 468 (1898) ; Sharps,

Hand4. iv. p. 157 (1903).

The eggs referred by Mr. Hume {I. c.) to the Indian Blue Chat
now prove to be those of some other bird. JSTehrkorn's description
of the e^g is incorrect, as he himself suggests.

Authentic eggs taken by Mr. Osmaston are of a pointed oval shape
and moderately glossy. They are of a delicate spotless blue colour,
and measure respectively : '73 by '57 ; '75 by -55 ; -77 by -56 ;
•76 by -6.

Tons Valley, Himalayas, June. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [P.].

Genus ADELUEA, Bonap.

Adelura cseruleocephala ( Vig,).
(Plate VII. fig. 8.)

Euticilla cserulocephala, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 353 (1881).
Adelura cseruleicephala, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 108 (1890) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 69 (1890).
Adelura caeruleocephala, Wardlaio Ramsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 58 ; Sharpen

Hand-l. iv. p. 157 (1903).

The eggs of the Blue-headed Redstart in the Collection, taken by
Colonel R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay in Afghanistan, are somewhat similar
to the eggs of PJioenicurus fi^ontalis taken by Mr. Osmaston, but the
ground-colour is more creamy white than pink, and they are some-
what rounder in shape, as will be seen from the measurements of the
three specimens, which are respectively : '7 by '54 ; -7 by -55 ;
•69 by -55.

Mr. Hume, on the other hand, records the finding of an egg of
this species on the 16th April in the Himalayas. He describes it
as being of a uniform pale delicate blue colour, and measuring
•83 by '62. There was probably some mistake made about this
egg, as Mr. Hume himself appears to suggest (I. c).

3 Afghanistan, 22nd May {B. G. Seebohm Coll. , -.

Wardlaw Ramsay).

NOTODELA. THAMNOBIA. . 151

Genus NOTODELA, Less,
Notodela leucura (Hodgs.).

Notodela leucura, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 23 (1883) ; Oates^
Fauna Brit. Ind,, Birds, ii. p. 112 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p, 70 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 51
(1899) J Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 157 (1903).

The eggs of the White-tailed Blue Robin appear to be generally
of a rather broad oval shape, pointed at the smaller end, but some
of them incline towards a spheroidal form. They are not very
glossy, and are of several shades of pinkish cream, or, as Mr. Hume
remarks {I. c), of a cafe-au-lait colour : though all are apparently
spotless, an ordinary reading-glass discloses the existence, in one
specimen very distinctly, of an obscure mottling or freckling of pale
reddish brown on a light ground, so that we may assume that the
darker eggs owe their extra colour to a dense mottling of a similar
nature. In size the eggs measure from -85 to '92 in length, and
from '65 to "70 in breadth.

2. Mongphoo, Darjiling, May Hume Coll.

(J. Gammie).

1. Mongphoo, May (J. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Darjiling, 8th May (X. MandeUi). Hume Coll.

1. Darjiling, 15th May (Z. M.). Hume Coll.

1. Darjiling, 10th June (i. M.). Hume Coll.

2. Darjiling, 14th May. Hume Coll.

1. Darjiling, 22nd June. Hume Coll.

Genus THAMNOBIA {Swains.).

Thamnobia cambaiensis {Lath.).

Thamnobia cambaiensis, Beavan, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 376; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. vii. p. 55 (1883) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii,
p. 114 (1890); id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 71
(1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 51 (1899) j Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 158 (1903).

Eggs of the Brown-backed Indian Robin resemble those of
T. fulicata, and cannot be separated from them by any character.
Iji size they vary from '72 to '88 in length, and from 48 to '67 in
breadth.

2. Hansi, Punjab, Ist April. Hume Coll.

1. Hansi, 3rd April. Hume Coll.

3. Delhi, 23rd April ( C. T. Bingham). Hume Coll.

2. Delhi, 19th June (C. r.^.). Hume Coll.
2. Saharanpur, 28th April. Hume Coll.

1. Bareilly, 15th May. Hume Coll.

2. Bareilly, 24th May. Himie Coll.
2. Bareilly, 5th J une. Hume Coll.
2. Bareilly, 28th Aug. Hume Coll.

2. Agra, 16th June. Hume Coll.

3. Agra, 19th June, Hume Coll.

152 TFKDID.1:.

3.

Agra, 21st June.

Hume Coll.

4.

Etawah, 15th April.

Hume Coll.

3.

Etawah.

Hume Coll.

2.

Mirzapur, 26th April ( W.E.Brooks :
Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Mirzapur, 9th May ( W. E. B.:
Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

3.

Lucknow, 6th May

Hume Coll.

1.

Lucknow, 24th May.

Hume Coll.

3.

Lucknow, 13th June.

Hume Coll.

1.

Lucknow, 15th June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Allahabad, 25th March.

Hume Coll.

3!

Jhansi, 7th May.

Hume Coll.

1.

Jhansi, 10th June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Jhansi, 22nd June.

Hume Coll.

3.

Jhansi, 26th June.

Hume Coll.

2.

Central India, 30th March (R. C.
Beavan: Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Central India, 3rd April {R. C. B.:

Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Sambhur, 10th May {R. M. Adam).

Hume Coll.

1.

Sambhur, 13th July {R. M. A.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Saugor, 0. Provinces, June.

Hume Coll.

3.

Saugor.

Hume Coll.

1.

Maunbhoom, 20th April {R. C.
Beavan).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Thamnobia fulicata {Linn.),

Thamnobia fulicata, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 440 (1879); SJiarpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. vii. p. 54 (1883) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 115 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 76
(1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 51 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 158 (1903).

A series of forty eggs of the Brown-backed Indian Eobin in the
Collection are principally of a regular oval form, but many are
somewhat elongated and a few pointed. They have a fair amount
of gloss. The ground-colour is white, often tinged with faint
green or pink, and this is rather closely spotted, speckled, streaked,
and mottled, with rich reddish or umber-brown and brownish yeUow,
with some underlying lavender. The markings are most dense at the
larger end of the Q^g, where they often form an irregular zone or
cap. Some eggs are very boldly and handsomely blotched with
dark umber or reddish brown at the larger end, but striking
varieties appear to be rare. One example in the Collection is
almost spherical in form, of a pale blue colour, and very sparingly
dotted with yellowish. Specimens measure from '76 to '84 in
length, and from -55 to '62 in breadth.

3. India. Crowley Bequest.

1. Ahmedabad, India, 2nd April. Hume Coll.

4. Sholapur {H. Wenden). Hume Coll.

2. Sholapur, 8th June (if. W'.). Hume Coll. >^ -
1. Sholapur, 12th June {H. TV.). Hume Coll.

COPSTCHITS.

153

1. Shokpur, 15th June {H. W.).

2. Sholapur, 21st June {H. W.).
S. Sholapur, 24th June (H. W.).

1. Sholapur, 28th June (H. W.).

2. Sholapur, 8th July {H. W.),
17. Mysore.

2. Ceylon, July {A. i. Butler).

1. Ceylon, May {A. L. B.).

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Genus COPSYCHUS, Wagler.

Copsychus saularis {Linn.).

Oopsychus saularis, Layard, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. 2nd ser. xii. p. 263 (1853) ;
Leggey Birds Ceylon, p. 433 (1879) : Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 61
(1883) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 116 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 80 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 51 (1899) ; Sharps, Hand-l. iv. p. 160 (1903).

The eggs of the Magpie-Robin are very variable in size, shape,
and coloration. They are ordinarily of a regular oval form, some
being short and blunt, others elongated and narrow, some almost
globular. They have a considerable amount of gloss. The ground-
colour is of some pale shade of green or greenish blue, and this is
streaked, mottled, and blotched with different shades of reddish brown
and yellowish brown, and some underlying markings of pale purple.
In most cases the markings are dense all over the shell, but they
are always especially so at the larger end, where they form an
irregularly mottled cap.

Eggs measure from '78 to '95 in length, and from -6 to '75 in
breadth.

16. India.
2. Agrore Valley, Punjab, 18th May

{Capt. Unwin).
8. Mussoorie {T. Hutton).

2. Saharunpur, 23rd April {G. F. L.

Marshall).
1. Baraitch.

3. Delhi, 12th June {A. O. Hume).
1. Agra, Feb. {A. O. H.)

1. Bareilly, 4 th May.

2. Bareilly, 12th May {A. O. H).

2. Bareilly, 2l8t June {A. O. H).

3. Mirzapur ( W. E. Brooks : Iris-

tram Coll.).
5. Allahabad ( C. T. Bingham).

4. Jhansi, 24th June.

5. Saugor, C. Prov., 26th June

{F. R. Blewitt).
5. Saugor, 26th June {F. R. B.).
3. Saugor, 7th July {F. R. B.).
1. Saugor, 20th July {F. R. B.).
1. Belgaum, 10th June {A. E. Butler) .

Hume Coll.
Hume ColL

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

154

TURDIDiE.

1. Arcot, 18th May.

7. Nilghiri Hills (Tristram Coll.).

1. Ceylon {JS. L. Layard).

1. Ceylon (XX.X.: Tristram Coll.).

2. Barrackpur {R. C. Beavan).

4. Dibrughur, Assam, oth May (J. R.

Crij^ps).

3. Pegu, April {E. W. Oates).
1. Pegu, 3rd April {E. W. 0.).
1. Pegu, 14tli April {E. W. O.).
1. Pegu, 19th April {E. W. O.).
1. Pegu, 30th April {E. W. O.).

1. Pegu, 20th May {E. W. O.).

2. Pegu, 25th May {E. W. 0.).

3. Tenasserim.

1. Meplay Choung, Tenasserim, 16th

March ( C. T. Bingham).

3. Penang, 12th June.

5. Foochow, China, May.

2. Foochow, 5th May.
5. Foochow, 8th May.
2. Foochow, 9th May.
1. Foochow, 15th May.
1. Foochow, 17th May.

4. Foochow, 15th June.
4. Foochow, 20th July.

Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

C. B. Rickett,
C. B. Rickett,
C. B. Rickett,
C. B. Rickett,
C. B. Rickett,
C. B. Rickett,
C. B. Rickett,
C. B. Rickett,
C. B. Rickett,

Es(i.

P-]

Esq.

:?•:

Esq.

[p-

Esq.

■p.'

Esq.

v:

Esq.

p.'

Esq.

p.]

Esq.tPg

Esq. [P.J.

Copsychus amcenus, Horsf.

Copsychus amoenus, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 340 ; id. Cat. Birds B. M.
vii. pp. 61, 65 (1883) ; id. Hand-l. iv. p. 160 (1903).

The eggs of this species are larger than those of 0. sanlaris, and
they are, as a whole, more densely and brilliantly marked. In some
of the eggs little of the ground-colour is visible. They measure
from -99 to 1*06 in length, and from '67 to -75 in breadth.

15. Lumbidan, Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].

2. Borneo (-ff. iozy : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Liahnajilslsind, Maj {J. Whitehead). Crowley Bequest.

3. Java. Crowley Bequest,

Genus GERVAISIA, Bonap.
Gervaisia albispecularis (Eyd. &f Oerv.).

Copsychus albospecularis typicus, Milne-Edwards ^ Grandidier, Hist.

Nat. Madag., Ois. i. p. "363, pi. 303. tig. 7 (1879).
Gervaisia albospecularis, E. Newton, Ibis, 1863, p. 345 ; Sharps, Cat.

Birds B. M. vii. p. 66 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 51

(1899).
Gervaisia albispecularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 160 (1903).

There are only three eggs of the Madagascar Magpie-Rdi)in in
the Collection, and these cannot bo separated from eggs of the

GERVAISIA. CITTOCINCLA. 155

Western Madagascar form, G. pica, either by colour or size. They
measure respectively : -88 by '63 ; '88 by -64 ; and '89 by 'Q\.

2. Madagascar, 27th Oct. {J. Caldwell : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).
1. Madagascar (Tm^mm Co/^.). Crowley Bequest.

Gervaisia pica (Pelz.),

Copsychus albospecularis, var. pica, Milne-Edwards 8f Grrandidier, Hist.

Nat. Madag., Ois. i. p. 365, pi. 303. fig. 8 (1879).
Copsychus pica, Cowan^ Proc. JR. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p, 148 (1882).
Gervaisia pica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 67 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 52 (1899); Sharpe, Handel, iv. p. 160 (1903).

The eggs of the Western Madagascar Magpie-Robin, which show
considerable variation, resemble those of Copsychus saularis, though
the markings are certainly of a duller brown tint. The ground-
colour varies from the palest greenish white to a greenish blue,
and the markings are of various shades of yellowish brown and
pale reddish brown. The eggs vary from '8 to -9 in length, and
from '61 to '65 in breadth.

C.
C.

c:

Genus CITTOCINCLA, Scl.
Cittocincla macrura (Gm.).

Copsychus macrurus, Layard, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. 2nd ser. xii. p. 264

(1853),
Cittocincla macrura, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 437 (1879) ; Oates, Fauna

Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 118 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs hid.

Birds, ii. p. 86 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 161 (1903).
Cittocincla tricolor, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 85 (1883) ; Nehrk,

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 52 (1899).

The eggs of the Indian Shama resemble those of Copsychus
saularis, and, like them, are very varied both with regard to the
colour of the ground and the distribution of the markings. One
clutch of eggs in the Collection cannot, however, be matched by any
of the eggs of the other species, the ground being a dead white,
without any trace of green. On the whole, the eggs of the present
species are rather smaller than Indian eggs of G. saularis, measuring
from '77 to '92 in length, and from -61 to -65 in breadth.

2. Pegu, April {E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.

2. Pegu, 10th May {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.

1. Pegu, 27th Mav {E. W. O.). Oates Coll.

3.

Betsileo, Madagascar.

Rev. W. Deans Cowan

4.

Betsileo.

Rev. W. Deans Cowan

2.

Betsileo.

Rev. W. Deans Cowan

3.

Betsileo,

Rev. W. Deans Cowan

8.

Madagascar ( W. Deans Cowan :
Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Madagascar {Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

156 TUEDID^.

4.
1.
4.

2.
1.
4.

Pegu, 28tli May {U. W. 0.).
Pegu, 5th June {E. TV. 0.).
Meplay, Tenasserim, 10th April

(a T.Bingham).
Tavoy, Tenasserim {J. Barling).
Tavoy, 17th April [J. D.).
Tavoy, 17th April {J. D.).

Hume Coll.
Gates Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Cittocincla luzoniensis (Kittl).

(Plate VII.

fig. 15.)

Cittocincla luzoniensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 91 (1883) ;
Grant 8f Whitehead, Ibis, 1898, p. 239, pi. vi. fig. 4 ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 162 (1903).

In the Collection are two pairs of the eggs of the Philippine
Shama ; they are not separable from those of the Indian species.
They measure respectively : -8 by -6 ; -81 by -6 ; -89 by '61 ;
•9 by 61.

2. Engaiio, N.E. Luzon, 27th April. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].

2. Engaho, 26th May. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].

Genus COSSYPHA, Vig.

Cossypha caffra (Linn.).

Cussyph acaffra, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's Bij-ds S. Africa, p. 224 (1875-84) ;
id. Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 39 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Biersamml.
p. 51 (1899) ; Stark ^ Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 213
(1901); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 163 (1903).

The eggs of the Cape Chat-Thrush, or Cape " Eobin," are of a
long oval shape and moderately glossy. They are buflP or cream-
coloured, mottled and clouded with dull pale rufous, chiefly at the
broad end, where a large cap is often formed by the markings.
They measure from -9 to 10 in length, and from '62 to '7 in breadth.

2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
5. South Africa {E. L. Layard). Cr^^wley Bequest.

3. Transvaal ( T. Ayres : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Be Wet's Farm, 2nd Oct. Oapt. G. E. H. BaiTett-

Hamilton [P.].
2. Cape Colony (7*. -4^mo?'e: Ti-istram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

Genus PSEUDOCOSSYPHUS, Sharpe.
Pseudocossyphus sharpei (Gray).

Cossypha sharpei, Milne-Edivards Sf- Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag.,
Ois. i. p. 3139 (1879) ; Cowan, Proc. JR. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 148
(1882).

Pseudocossyphus sharpii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 22 (1883).

Pseudocossyphus sharpei, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 166 (1903).

As with the eggs of Moussier's Redstart, already described (p. 142),

EETTHROPTGIA. 157

some of those of Sharpens Chat-Thrush are faintly marked with minute
dots which might easily escape observation. These are of a reddish-
lilac tint, the ground-colour of the eggs being a pale blue, slightly
tinged with greenish. Examples measure from '81 to -89 in length,
and from -63 to -70 in breadth.

4.

Betsileo, Madagascar.

Kev. W. Deans Cowan [C".

3.

Betsileo.

Kev. W. Deans Cowan [C.;.

2.

Madagascar.

Crowley Bequest.

Genus ERYTHROPYGIA, A. Smith.

Erythropygia coryphaeus (Less.),

(Plate YII. fig. 17.)

Aedon coryphsea, Sharpe, ed. Zayard's Birds S. Afi-ica,^. 251 (1875-84).

Erythropygia coryphaeus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 73 (1883) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 62 (1899) ; Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna
S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 229 (1901) ; Sharpe, Band-l iv. p. 167 (1903).

The eggs of the Cape Ground-Robin are for the most part of a
blunt oval form and fairly glossy. The ground-colour is a bright
greenish blue, and this is spotted, mottled, and blotched, generally
rather thickly, and more densely, at the larger end of the egg than
elsewhere, with rich reddish brown and underlying pale purple. On
some eggs the markings are smaller and less numerous on the smaller
half of the shell. They range in size from '70 to '82 in length, and
from '58 to '60 in breadth.

6. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

3. South Africa {K L. Layard : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).

2. South Africa. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

3. Cape Colony (7". ^^jwore: Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Co//.).

Erythropygia leucophrys ( Vieill).

Aedon leucophrys, Sharpe, ed. Layard'' s Birds S. Africa, p. 252 (1875-84).

Erythropygia leucophrys, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 74 (1883) ; id.
Ibis, 1897, p. 504 ; Nehrk. Kat. Biersamtnl. p. 52 (1899) ; Stark ^
Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 225 (1901) j Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 167 (1903).

Two eggs of the White-browed Ground-Robin in the Collection
are of a long oval shape and are slightly glossy. They are cream-
coloured, rather densely and finely spotted and mottled all over
with light umber-brown and lavender-grey. They measure respec-
tively: -88 by -61; -91 by '61.

2. Zululand, S. Africa. Messrs. R. B. & J. D. S. Wood-

ward [C,].

158 TTTRDID^.

Erythropygia munda (Cab.).

Aedon leucophrys, apud Andersson, Birds JDam.-land^ p. 92 (1872).
Erythropygia munda, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. V\\. p. 76 (1883) ; Stark

(^ Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 227 (1901) j Sharpe, Hand-l,

iv. p. 167 (1903).

There are only two eggs of the Damara Ground-Robin in the
Collection; these are of a broad oval shape and dull in texture.
They are cream-coloured, coarsely but handsomely spotted and
mottled all over with lilac-brown and lavender-grey. They measure
respectively : -82 by -61, and -81 by 'Q2.

2. Ondonga, Ovampo-land ( C. J. Crowley Bequest.

Andersson: Tristrarn Coll.).

Erythropygia poena, A. Smith.

Aedon paena, Andersson, Birds Dam.-land, p. 92 (1872).
Aedon poena, Sharpe, ed. Layard''s Birds S. Africa, p. 253 (1875-84).
Erythropygia paena, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 76 (1883).
Erythropygia poena. Stark ^ Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 223
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 167 (1903).

The two eggs of Smith's Ground-Eobin in the Collection are of a
broad oval shape and moderately glossy. They are of a white
colour, speckled and spotted, most thickly at the larger end, with
lilac-brown and lavender-grey. They measure respectively : '77 by
•59, and -76 by -58.

2. Damara-land, 4th Jan. [C. J. Crowley Bequest.

Andersson: Tristram Coll.).

Genus PRATINCOLA, Koch.
Pratincola rubetra {Linn.).

Saxicola rubetra, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 237, tab. xxiii.

fig. 8, a, b, c (1845-54) ; Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 108,

pi. XXX. fig. ii (1866).
Pratincola rubetra, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab, 27. fig. 13 (1855-63) ;

Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 255 (1873) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv.

p. 179 (1879) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 312, pi. 9 (1883) ; id. Eggs

of Brit. Birds, p. 190, pi. 51. figs. 18, 19 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.

p. 171 (1903).

Typical eggs of the Whinchat are glossy and of a pointed oval
form, though varieties occur which are broader, and some in which
there is a decided point at the broad end. The ground-colour
is of a greenish blue, sometimes with hardly a tinge of green in the
blue ; occasionally quite plain, they are most frequently freckled
and dotted with light rufous or pale brown. On some eggs the
markings are very few and inconspicuous, on others they arejrather
thickly disposed, especially on the broad end, where they form an

PEATIWCOLA.

159

indistinct zone or cap. In size they vary from '7 to -81 in length,
and from 'dd to '6 in breadth.

4. Near Inverness (E. Hargitt).

4. Cambridgeshire.

6. Taplow, Berkshire.

6. Haddenham, Bucks, 22nd May.

4. Haddenham, 28th May.

6. New Forest {H. Saunders).

6. Finchley Common.

6. Chm-t, Surrey.

6. Churt.

6. Brighton, May {R. B. Sharpe).

6. Brighton, May {Swaysland).

5. Brighton, May.

4. France {Noury : Hargitt Coll.).

5. Pomerania {T. Holland).

2. Reval, Baltic Provs. {Russow).

Seebohm Coll.

F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

Gould Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Gould Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Pratincola rubicola {Linn.).

Saxicola rubicola, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. p. 236, tab. xxiii.

fig. 7, a, b, c (1845-54) j Hemtson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 107,

pi. XXX. fig. i (1856).
Pratincola rubicola, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 12 (1855-63) ;

Salvin, Ibis, 18o9, p. 307 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 263, part, (1873) ;

Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 185 (1879) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i.

p. 317 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 191, pi. 51. fig. 16 (1896) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 171 (1903).

The eggs of the Stonechat are of the same type as those of tho
Whinchat, but the ground-colour is of a paler greenish blue, and the
spotting is frequently very dense. The Collection contains no plain
eggs ; all the examples are marked in varying degrees with pale
chestnut. In some there are merely a few faint specks and smears;
in the majority the markings consist of specks, spots, and small
blotches, very thickly disposed over the broader end, nearly always
in the form of a conspicuous cap or zone. They measure from "65
to '75 in length, and from '55 to -6 in breadth.

Co. Waterford, 13th April {R. J.

Ussher).
Co. Waterford, 13th April {R. J. U.).
Co. Waterford, 24th April {R. J. U.).
Co. Waterford, 5th May {R. J. U.).
Co. Waterford, 19th May (i^.j; U.).
Cherry Hinton, Cambridgeshire,

28th May (0. Salvin).
Hampstead Heath (O. S).
Brighton Race-course {F. Bond :

Hargitt Coll.).
Brighton Race-course {F. B. :

Hargitt Coll.).
Brighton {H. Saunders).
Brighton, May (R. B. Sharpe).
Brighton, May {R. B. S.),

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

160 TFRDlDiE.

6.

6.
6.
6.
6.

Brighton, May.

Churt, Surrey, June.

Churt.

Churt.

Churt, May.

Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Gould iColl.

6.

Elbeuf, France {Noury. Hargitt

Coll.).
Valkenswaard, Holland, 27th May

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Seebohm Coll.

4.

{H. Seebohm).
Valkenswaard, 29th May {R. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

5.
3.

Malaga, Spain, 10th May {Ruiz),
Parnassus, Greece, 7th May {R. See-

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

2.
3!

boh7ti Sf T. Kruper).
Tunis.
Khifan M'Sakta, Algeria, 13th April

(0. Salvin).

Louis Fraser, Esq, [C.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Pratincola sybilla {Linn.).

Pratincola torquata, Milne-Edwards ^ Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag.^

Ois. p. 338, pi. 303. fig. 5 (1879).
Pratincola sybilla, Roch hf E. Newton, Ibis, 1862, p. 272 ; E. Newton,

Ibis, 1863, p. 345, pi. xiii. lig. 2 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv.

p. 191 (1879)^ Coivan, Proc. B. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 148 (1882);

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersanunl. p. 25 (1899) ; Sharpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 172

(1903).

Closely resembling bright-coloured eggs of P. rubicola, those of
the Madagascar Stonechat have the ground-colour of a more
pleasing tint of delicate bluish-green, and the markings bolder and
richer. They vary in size from '65 to *76 in length, and from '52
to '60 in breadth.

14. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [C.].

3. Madagascar, May {E. Newton : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

4. Madagascar {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

4. Fianarantsoa, Madagascar. VV. Radclifte-Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Pratincola maura {Pall.).

Pratincola rubicola, pt. Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 263 (1873).
Pratincola maura, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 188 (1879) ; Wardlaw-

Ea7nsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 65 ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 61

(1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 48 (1890);

Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 57 (1890) ; Sharpe^ Hand-l. iv.

p. 172 (1903).
Pratincola indica, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orietit. i. p. 355 (1891).

The eggs of the Asiatic Stonechat resemble those of P. rubicola,
and are subject to the same variations. They are, however, rather
smaller, measuring from -6 to '75 in length, and from -48 to '58
in breadth.

Eggs taken in Afghanistan show but the faintest trace of the
ground-colour. In one clutch they are densely freckled with
brownish pink ; in another with very pale yellowish brown.

PRATINCOLA. 161

In two clutches from Japan the ground-colour is of a bright
but pale greenish-blue, and one of them is so faintly zoned with
the palest brownish-red, that the eggs appear plain, until closely
examined.

5. Afghanistan, 28th May {R. G. Seebohm Coll.
Wardlaw-Eamsat/).

4. Afghanistan, 28th May {It. G. Seebohm Coll.

W.-H.).

1. Kotegarh, Himalayas, 10th April. Hume Coll.
12. Kotegarh, 30th April. Hume CoU.

11. Kotegarh, May. Hume Coll.

2. Kotegarh, 13th May. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegarh, 25th May. Hume Coll.

1. Kotegarh, 26th May. Hume Coll.

12. Kotegarh, 21st June. Hume Coll.

2. Kotegarh, 11th July. Hume Coll.

5. Simla. Hume Coll.
1. Mussoori. Hume Coll.

1. Almora, 14th May ( W. E. Brooks). Hume CoU.

2. Almora, 17th May ( W. E. B.). Hume Coll.

1. Almora, 29th May ( }V. E. B.). Hume Coll.

2. Almora, 21st May ( W. E. B. : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

2. Altai Mountains, May. Crowley Bequest.

2. Altai Mountains {Nehrkom Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

6. Japan {H. Fryer). Seebohm Coll.
4. Japan {H. P.). Seebohm Coll.

Pratincola torquata {Linn.).

Pratincola torquata, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 236 (1875-
84) ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 190 (1879) ; Mhrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 25 (1899) ; Stark Sf Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 190
(1901); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 172 (1903).

The eggs of the South-African Stonechat are not separable from
those of P. rubicola. They are of a pale dull greenish-blue colour,
speckled and clouded with pale chestnut, the markings being densest
at the large end and forming an irregular zone or indistinct cap.
Specimens measure from '7 to -8 in length, and from '53 to 'Gl in
breadth.

4. Berg Kiver, S. Africa, Sept. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

11. Transvaal, Oct. {T. Ayres: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

Pratincola caprata (Linn.).

Pratincola caprata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 195, part. (1879) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 69 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 41 (1890) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. {Suppl.)
p. 33 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 173 (1903).

The eggs of the Common Indian Pied Bush-Chat are mostly of a
broad oval form, more or less pointed, and fairly glossy. The

VOL. IV. M

162

TURDIDiE.

ground-colour varies from a pale greenish or bluish-white to a rather
darker shade of the same colour, and this is somewhat coarsely-
speckled, streaked, and often blotched with bright chestnut and
lilac, the markings of the latter colour being inconspicuous and
underlying those af the former. The markings are sparse in some
specimens, dense in others, and they are generally more thickly set
about the larger end, where they form an irregular cap or zone,
sometimes a rich and handsome one. Examples vary from '61 to
•76 in length, and from '5 to '58 in breadth.

2. Dharmsala, Kashmir, 20th April. Hume Coll.
1. Almora, Himalayas, 1st March. Hume Coll.

33. Sind. Hume Coll.

3. Sind, 21st March. Hume Coll.
1. Sind, 27th March. Hume Coll.

4. Sultanpur, 10th May. Hume Coll.
3. Delhi, 27th March. Hume Coll.
3. Delhi, 9th June. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 2nd March. Hume Coll.

1. Sholapur, 21 st June [J. Davidson). Hume Coll.

2. Pegu, 20th March {E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.

3. Java, Sept. {J. Whitehead). Seebohm Coll.

3. Tosari, Java, 5th Sept. {J. White- Crowley Bequest.
head).

Pratincola atrata, Kelaart.

Pratincola caprata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 195, part. (1879).

Pratincola hicolor, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p, 430 (1879).

Pratincola atrata, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 60 (1890) ; id. ed.

Hume, Xests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 46 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-L

iv. p. 173 (1903).

The eggs of the Southern Pied Bush-Chat resemble those of
r. caprata^ but are larger, and perhaps a trifle brighter and richer
in their markings. They measure from -65 to '8 in length, and
from -b^ to -6 in breadth.

4.

3.

3.
11.
17.

3.

7.
1

4.

1.
1.

1.

4.

Southern India, 26th March. Hume Coll.

Nilghiri Hills. Hume Coll.

Nilghiri Hills, 16th Feb. Hume Coll.

Nilghiri Hills, April. Hume Coll.

Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills, March. Hume Coll.

Coonoor, 3rd March. Hume Coll.

Coonoor, 17th March. Hume Coll.

Coonoor, 12th April. Hume Coll.

Coonoor, 14th April. Hume Coll.

Ootacamund, Nilghiri Hills, 11th Hume Coll.

March.

Curzon, Nilghiri Hills, 15th April. Hume Coll.

Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 7th Hume Coll.

March {Miss Cockburn).

Neddivutum, Madras, 26th March. Hume Coll,

Bramaghiri Hills, Coorg, 18th Hume Coll.

April.

OREICOLA. — CEECOMELA.

163

Genus OREICOLA, Bonap.

Oreicola ferrea (Hodgs.).

(Plate YII. figs. 18 & 19.)

Oreicola ferrea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 266 (1879) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Bid., Birds, ii. p. 66 (1890); id. ed. Hume, Nests 8r
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 50 (1890) ; La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 201 ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 27 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 173
(1903).

The eggs of the Dark-grey Bush-Chat are of two very distinct
types. Those taken on the Himalayas resemble the eggs of Pra-
tincola maura, being of various shades of pale bluish green, speckled,
more or less densely, with chestnut and pale rufous. Eggs taken
in China, of which there is a considerable series in the Collection,
are of a plain, decidedly greenish-blue colour, resembling those of
Tharrhaleus modularis. They measure from '65 to '77 in length,
and from '53 to "6 in breadth.

2.

6.
1.
2.
3.
2.
4.

11.
2.
2.
9.

3.

5.
5.

Simla, 8th May (B. C. Beavan :

Tristram Coll.).
Kotegarh, Himalayas, May.
Kotegarh, 21st May.
Kotegarh, 28th May.
Kotegarh, 21st June.
Darjiling, 17th April.
Rishap, Darjiling, 23rd May

(J. Gammie).
Mongphoo, Darjiling {J. G.).
Mongphoo, 11th April (J". G.).
Darjiling, 19th May^
Kuatun, Fohkien, China, May

{J.B.La Touche).
Kuatun, 4th May {J. D. La T.).
Kuatun, 9th May {J. D. La T.).
Kuatun, 9th May {J. D. La T.).

Crowley Bequest.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.',
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.

Genus CERCOMELA, Bonap.

Cercomela fusca (Blyth).

Myrmecocichla fusca, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 360 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 4] (1899).
Cercomela fusca, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 80 (1890) ; id. ed.

Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 54 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 174 (1903),

The series of eggs of the Indian Chat-Robin in the Museum are
mostly of a broad oval form and of a light greenish-blue colour,
speckled and spotted with pale brown or rufous-brown of varying
degrees of intensity, chiefly at the broad end, where the markings
form an imperfect cap or zone. Occasionally the markings are

m2

164 . TTJRDID-^.

entirely wanting. Specimens measure from '78 to '87 in length,
and from -57 to '65 in breadth.

2. Punjab, 14th April. Hume Coll.

2. Jhausi, Punjab. Hume Coll.

3. Delhi, 14th April ( C. T. Bingham). Hume Coll.

1. Sambhur, 10th May {R. M. Admn). Hume Coll.
3. Ajmere, 30th Aug..(^. O. Hume). Hume Coll.
8. Agra, 18th June. Hume Coll.
3. Etawah, 29th March. Hume Coll.

2. PJtawah, 6th April. Hume Coll.

2. N.W. Proviuces, India, Mav Crowley Bequest.

( W. E. Brooks : Tristram Coll.).

3. Saugor, C. Provs., 12th May. Hume Coll.

Cercomela asthenia, Bonap.
(Plate YII, fig.. 13.)

Pratincola melanura, apud Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 97.

Myrmecocichla yerburii, Sharpe, Bull. B O. C. iv. p. xxxviii (1895) ; id.

Ibis, 1895, p. 384 ; Yerbury, Ibis, 1896, p. 24.
Cercomela asthenia, Sliarpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 174 (1903).

The small series of eggs of Bonaparte's Chat-Robin in the Collection
are very like those of C. fusca, but they are slightly smaller, and
the markings appear to be larger and more decided, with the ground-
colour a trifle paler. Six examples measure from '71 to '78 in
length, and from -57 to -61 in breadth.

4. Wilderness of Judaea, 25th April Crowley Bequest.

{H. B. Tristram).
2. Palestine, 6th June {H. B. T). Crowley Bequest.

Genus POLIOCICHLA, Sharpe.

Polio cichla cinerea ( Vieill.).

Saxicola cinerea, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's Birds S. Africa, p. 242 (1875-84).
Myrmecocichla cinerea, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 358 (1881).
Emarginata cinerea, Stark ^ Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 204

(1901).
Poliocichla cinerea, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p, 175 (1903).

The eggs of the Lesser Sickle-winged Chat-Eobin are of a regular
oval shape and very glossy. They are of a blue colour, speckled
with rust-colour, chiefly at the broad end. They measure from
•8 to -9 in length, and from -6 to -64 in breadth.

2. S. Africa. E. L. Lavard, Esq. [P.].
1. S. Africa [E. L. Layard). Crowley Bequest.

3. Nel's Poort, S. Africa {T. Atmore : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.). . h- -

POLIOCICHLA,. — SAXICOLA. 165 X;

Poliocichla sinuata {Sundev.).
(Plate VII. fig. 9.)

Myrmecocichla sinuata, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 359 (1881) j

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 40 (1899).
Saxicola sinuata, Shm'pe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 236 (1875-84).
Emar<rinata sinuata, Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 203

(1901).
Poliocichla sinuata, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 175 (1903).

In outline the eggs of the Russet Sickle-winged Chat-Eobin
vary from a narrow to a broad oval. They are of the same glossy
blue colour as those of P. cinerea, but rather smaller. Some are
perfectly plain, others are indistinctly freckled with very pale
rufous at the broad end. Examples measure from '7 to '83 in
length, and from '55 to '62 in breadth.

4. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

1. South Africa {K L. Layard). Crowley Bequest.

2. Cape Colony {K L. Layard : Crowley Bequest.

Tristratn Coll.).

Genus SAXICOLA, BecJist.

Saxicola familiaris, Ste^h.
(Plate YII. fig. 7.)

Saxicola galtoni, Sharpe, ed. Layard'' s Birds S. Afi'ica, p. 234 (1875-84) ;

Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 390 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 41(1899).
Saxicola familiaris, Stai'k 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 201

(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 175 (1903).

The eggs of the Familiar Chat have a rather bright blue ground-
colour, with a very variable amount of light rufous and reddish-
brown markings. One clutch of three eggs is absolutely spotless,
other specimens are faintly dotted with rust-colour, mostly at the
larger end, while two are quite thickly streaked and spotted. They
range from '73 to '85 in length, and from '58 to '62 in breadth.

4. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

3. South Africa. Crowley Bequest.

2. South Africa {E. L. Layard). Crowley Bequest.

3. Cape Colony {T. Atmore). Crowley Bequest.

Saxicola cenanthe (Linn.).

Saxicola cenanthe, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiii. fig. 2, a-c
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. tig. 14 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 110, pi. xxx. tig. iii (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 187 (1874); Seebohm Sf Harvie-Brown,
Ibis, 1876, p. 215 ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 391 (1881) ; id.
Brit. Birds, i. p. 298, pi. 9 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 188,

166

TUEDID^.

pi. 51. fig. 9 (1896) ; JSehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 41 (1899) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l iv. p. 175 (1903).

The eggs of the Wheatear are of a pointed oval form and are
usually very glossy. They are of a pale greenish-blue colour,
generally spotless, but occasionally marked with a few brown or
purple specks, chiefly on the larger end. A clutch of six eggs from
the Seebohm Collection, taken in Holland, are, comparatively
speaking, quite heavily spotted with pale and dark purple-red.
The eggs measure from '72 to -98 in length, and from '56 to '65
in breadth.

6. Greenland {E. Feneker : Hargitt
Coll.).

6. Faroe Islands {H. C. Miiller :

Hargitt Coll?).
5. Faroe Islands {H. C. M. : Hargitt

Coll.).
5. Faroe Islands {H. C. M. : Hargitt

Coll.).

4. Faroe Islands, 1st June {H. C. M. :

Hargitt Coll.).

7. Faroe Islands, 1st June {H C. M. :

Hargitt Coll.).

5. Faroe Islands, 4th June {H. C. M. :

Hargitt Coll.).
7. Faroe Islands, 26th May {H. C. M.).

3. Unst, Shetlands {Rich).
1. Orkneys.

6. Sandaig Island, Inverness, 18th

May {Hargitt Coll.).
5, Camberland {Hey sham).

4. Cumberland {Hey sham).

5. Cumberland {Heysham).

3. Alston Moor,Cumberland,24thMay.

5. Cambridgeshire.

3. Elveden, Sufiblk {A. Newton).

4. Elveden.

0. Hampshire.

6. Churt, Surrey.

5. St. Aubin, Elbceuf, France, June

{Noury : Hargitt Coll.).

4. Elbceuf {Noury: Hargitt Coll.).

5. Valkenswaard, Holland, 15th May

{C. B. Wharton ^ H. Seebohm).

5. Valkenswaard, 21st May ( C. B. W.

^ H. S.).

6. Valkeu swaard, 2l8t May ( C. B. W.

SfH.S.).

5. Valkenswaard, 21st May ( C. B. W.

8^ H. S.).

6. Valkenswaard, 2l8t May ( C. B. W:

SrH.S.).
6. Valkenswaard, 25th May ( C. B. W.

Sc H. W.).
6. Valkenswaard, 28th May ( C. B. W.

^^H.S.).

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Purchased.
Crowley, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.

Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

SAXrcOLA.

167

6.

Lapland {A, Neioton).

Sweden.

Petchora River, Lat. 68° N., 26tli

June {H. Seehohm ^ J. A.

Harvie-Broivn) .
Parnassus, Greece, Stti May {H.

Seebohm 8f T. Kriiper).

Salvin-Godman Coll.
S. O. Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Saxicola stapazina {Linn.).

Saxicola stapazina, Salvad. Ibis, 1904, p. 75.

Saxicola aurita, Tkie?i. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiii. fig. 5, a-c, part.

(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. p. 101, pi., part. (1875) ;

Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 394, part. (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml p. 41 (1899).
Saxicola albicollis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 176 (1903).
Saxicola amphileuca, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 176 (1903).

A series of the eggs of the Eastern Black-eared Chat in the
Collection, chiefly from Greece and Palestine, do not differ much
inter se. The ground-colour is of a bright greenish-blue of a pleasing
tint, and the markings, which are usually collected together towards
the larger end in the form of a more or less perfect zone, consist
of spots of various shades of reddish- and lilac-brown. In some cases
the markings are very faint, but there are no actually spotless
forms in the series.

Size from '71 to -85 in length, and from -55 to -61 in breadth.

3.

2.

Parnassus, Greece, 4th May (H.

Seebohm ^ T. Kruper).
Parnassus, 9th May {H. S. ^ T. K.)
Parnassus, 18th May {H. S. ^

T. K.).
Parnassus, 19th May {H. S. 8r

T. K.).
Parnassus, 2l8t May (//. S. 8f

T. K.).
Smyrna, 30th April {T. Kriiper).
Smyrna, 11th May {T. K.).
Palestine, 25th April {H. B.

Tristram).
Mt. Tabor, 12th April {E. Bart-

lett : Tristram Coll.).
Kulat es Shukif, Palestine, 28th

May {H. B. Tristram).
Judsea, 23rd April (J. H. Coch-
rane: Tristram Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Saxicola caterinaB, Whitaker.

Saxicola aurita {nee Temm.), Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 307; Saunders, Ibis,

1871, p. 211 ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 394, part. (1881).
Saxicola amphileuca {nee H. 8f E.), Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 96
Saxicola caterinse, Whitaker, Ibis, 1898, p. 625; id. Bull. B. O. C. xii.
p. 78 (1902).

As in the case of the eggs of the allied species S. melanoleuca

168 TUKDID^.

and S. occidentalism there seems to be a remarkable, though
slight, difference between the eggs of the Western Black-eared
Chat and those of the preceding species, *S^. stapazina ; and this
coincidence appears to indicate some climatic influence causing the
colouring-matter to be brighter in one region than in the other,
for it is the Eastern race or form of each species that lays the more
highly-coloured eggs in both cases. It is unnecessary, perhaps, to
say more in describing the eggs of the Western race, than that
they resemble those of S. stapazina in form and size, but have a
duller and slightly darker ground and less conspicuous markings.

4. Andalusia, Spain {A. Ruiz: Seebohm Coll.

HargUt Coll.).

4. Malaga, Spain (//. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

4. Malaga, 7th May. Howard Saunders, Esq. [P.].

J3. IMalaga, 3rd June. Howard Saunders, Esq. [P.].

4. Valencia, Spain {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Algeria, May (//. B. Tristram). Crowley Bequest.

Saxicola albicans, Wahlh.

Saxicola stricklandii, Andersson, Birds Dam.-land, p. 105 (1872).
Saxicola albicans, Sharpe, ed. Layard^s Birds 8. Africa, p. 237 (1875-84) ;

Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 398 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 41 (1899) ; Stark 8f Sdater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 199

(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 176 (1903).

The only two eggs of the Pale Chat in the Collection are rather
elongate in form. Ground-colour clear pale greenish-blue, faintly
speckled with light brownish-lilac, principally towards the broad
end. They measure respectively : '82 by 59 and -81 by '60.

2. Uvampo-land, S. Africa (C. J. Crowley Bequest.
Anderssun : Tristram Coll.).

Saxicola isabellina, Cretzschm.

Saxicola ifabellina, 7'rist ram, Ibis, 18C7, p. 94 ; Heugl. Orn.N.O.-Afr. i.

p. 344, taf. xliii. fig. 12 (1869) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 199 (1874) ;

Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. ii. p. 110, pi. (1875) ; Seebohm, Cat.

Birds B. M. v. p. 399 (1881) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 189, pi. 51.

fio-. 13 (1896) ; Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 77 (1890) ;

Battray, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Sac. xii. p. 339 (1899) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 176 (1903).
Saxicola saltatrix, Tacz. J.f O. 1873, p. 117, taf. ii. fig. 29.

Of the three sets of eggs of the Isabelline Chat in the Collection
two are exactly like ordinary eggs of S. cenanthe ; the third set has
the ground-colour of a considerably darker tint of greenish blue,
and the eggs are more or less faintly spotted with purple. In size
they vary from -80 to '90 in length, and from -64 to "68 in
breadth.

5. Sarepta, S. Russia, 19th May. Seebohm Coll. '- .

4. Smyrna, 17th Anril (T. Kriiper). Seebohm Coll. ''- ^-^

5. Mt. Hermon, Palestine, 4th June Crowley Bequest.

(7/. B. Tristram).

SAX] COLA. 169

Saxicola picata, Elyth.

Saxicola picata, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. '367 (1881) ; Barnes,
Stray Feath. ix. p. 217 (1881) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind. Birds, ii.
p. 71 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 52
(1890) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. {Suppl) p. 29 (1895) ; Sharpe^
Hand-l. iv. p. 177 (1903).

The eggs of the Pied Chat are of a pointed oval shape and
moderately glossy. They are of a very pale blue colour, thinly
speckled with pale rufous, the markings being more numerous at
the larger end, forming an incomplete zone. Three examples
measure respectively : '84 by -6 ; "82 by -6 ; '79 by -61.

3. Chaman, Afghanistan, 8th May Hume Coll.
{K. S. Barnes).

Saxicola monticola ( VieilL).
(Plate VII. fig. 12.)

Saxicola monticola, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's Birds S. Africa, p. 246
(1875-84); Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 380 (1881); Butler,
FeUdm Sf Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 211 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 41
^ (1899) ; Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 194 (1901).

Saxicola leucomelsena, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's Birds S. Africa, p. 247
(1875-84) ; Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 377 (1881) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 177 (1903).

The eggs of the ^fountain-Chat are of a pale greenish-blue colour,
speckled and mottled with light chestnut-red and underlying
lavender, more densely at the broad end, where the markings
often form a well-defined zone. They measure from -94 to -99 in
length, and from '7 to '73 in breadth.

4. South Afi-ica. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
2. South Africa {E. L. Layard). Crowley Bequest.

2. Dundee, Natal, 2nd Oct. Capt. Savile G. Reid [C.].

5. Transvaal ( T. Ayres : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

3. Leeuwspruit, O.R.C., 2nd Sept. Capt. G. E. H. Barrett-

Hamilton [P.].

2. Leeuwspruit, 4th Sept. Capt. G. E. H. Barrett-

Hamilton [P.].

1 . Nel's Poort, Cape Colony ( T. At- Crowley Bequest.
more: Tristram Coll.).

Saxicola lugens, Licht.

(Plate VII. fig. 6.)

Saxicola lugens, Loche, Expl. Sci. Alger., Ois. i. p. 207 (1867) ; Seebohm,
Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 370 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 41
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 178 (1903).

Eggs of the White underwinged Pied Chat in the Collection, from

170 TrRDID^.

Algeria and Tunis, are light greenish blue in colour, with spots of
pale rusty brown thinly scattered over the whole surface, and be-
coming more numerous, and in some cases much larger, about the
broad end. In size they vary from '77 to '82 in length, and from
•61 to -63 in breadth.

2. Algeria {Loche). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Lagouat, Algeria {Loche). Crowlev Bequest.

1. El Djem, Tunis (F. Bogo). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. El Djem {V. B.). Crowley Bequest.

Saxicola persica, Seebohm.

Saxicola persica, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 372 (1881) ; SharpCf
Hand-l. iv. p. 178 (1903).

The eggs of the Persian Pied Chat, forming part of the Crowley
Bequest, are exactly like those of S. picata, already described. They
measure '8 by -59, and '76 by '6 respectively.

2. Astrabad, Persia, April. Crowley Bequest.

Saxicola pleschanka {Lepech.).

Saxicola morio, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 235, part. (1874) ; Seebohm,

Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 372 (1881) ; Taez. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient.

p. 347 (1891) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 41 (1899).
Saxicola leucomela, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. ii. p. 105, pi. (1875).
Saxicola pleschanka, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 73 (1890) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests 4- Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 53 (1890) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 178 (1903).

The eggs of the Siberian Pied Chat are of a somewhat broad oval
shape, clear pale blue in colour, speckled and spotted with light
rufous of two shades. The markings are much more numerous at
the large end of the egg than elsewhere, sometimes forming an
imperfect cap. Specimens measure from '76 to -8 in length, and
from -58 to '61 in breadth.

6. Kustendji, Dobrudscha, 25th May Seebohm Coll.

{Dr. Cullen).

4. Crimea, 21st May. Seebohm Coll.

1. Altai Mountains {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Saxicola leucura (G^n.).

Saxicola leucura, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 27. fig. 18 (1855-63) ;

Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 247 (1873) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. ii.

p. 89, pi. (1875) ; Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 375 (1881) j

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 179 (1903)^
Dromolsea leucura, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 211.

Eggs of the Black Chat are of a blunt oval shape and moderately
glossy. The ground-colour varies from bluish white to very pale
greenish blue and is lightly speckled with lilac-red and undetlying
lavender or violet spots, which are chiefly confined to the broad end

SAXICOLA. 171

of the eggj where they form a delicate and beautiful wreath.
Specimens measure from -86 to -97 in length, and from -67 to "7 in
breadth.

1. Southern Europe. Old Collection.

3. Valencia, Spain, May (JET. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

5. Malaga, Spain, 8th April {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Malaga, 9th May (B. S.). Seebohm Coll.

Saxicola deserti, Temm.

Saxicola deserti, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 215, part. (1874) ; Seebohm,
Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 383 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 304, pi. 9
(1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 189, pi. 51. fig. 14 (1896) :
Pleske in Prjev. JReisen, Vog. pi. v. fig. 3 (1889-94) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 41 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 179 (1903).

Two eggs of the Desert-Chat in the Collection are of a regular
oval form, delicately pale blue in tint, with a few light chestnut
spots and small blotches. In one egg these are so few and faint as
to be almost invisible, while the other egg has an imperfect but
quite conspicuous zone at the larger end. In size they measure
respectively -78 by -6 and "79 by '59.

2. Kuldja, 3rd June. Crowley Bequest.

Saxicola melanoleuca (Gilld.).

Saxicola eurymelaena, Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 95 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.

p. 179 (1903).
Saxicola melanoleuca. Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 211 (1874) ; Seebohm,

Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 385 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 41

(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 179 (1903).

Not much variation can be observed among the eggs of the
Black-throated Chat in the Collection. All have the same beautiful
pale blue ground-colour, sparingly dotted and blotched with pale
chestnut, and nearly all have a more or less dense zone round the
larger end. A few are very faintly marked, appearing at first sight
to be quite spotless. In size they range from '68 to '8 in length,
and from -57 to -64 in breadth.

4. Greece {T. Kriiper : Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Parnassus, 3rd May {H. Seebohm 8f Seebohm Coll.

T. Kriiper).

4. Parnassus, 5th May {H. S. 8f T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Parnassus, 8th May {H. S. ^ T. K). Seebohm Coll.

5. Parnassus, 8th May (//. S. ^ T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Parnassus, 12th May (H.S. ^ T.K). Seebohm Coll.
3. Parnassus, 12th May {U.S. 8f T.K). Seebohm Coll.

5. Parnassus, 12th May {H.S. ^ T.K). Seebohm Coll.
5. Parnassus, 17th May {H.S. 8f T.K.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Parnassus (T. ^nT^er). Crowley Bequest.

2. Palestine, 31st May {H. B. T.). Canon Tristram [C.].

172 TUKDID^.

4. Palestine, 30th May {H. B. T.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Bethany, 22nd April {H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.

3. Jericho, 25th April {H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.

Saxicola occidentalis, Salvad.

Saxicola stapazina {nee Linn.), Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p, 307 ; Saunders, Ibisj
1871, p. 211 ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. ii. p. 96, pi. (1875) ; Seebohm,
Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 387 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 307, pi. 9
(1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 190, pi. 51 fig. 15 (1896).

Saxicola rufa, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 297 (1874) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 179(1903).

Saxicola occidentalis, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) iii. p. 116 (1886) j
id. Ibis, 1904, pp. 77, 78.

Though very similar to those of the preceding species, S. eury-
melcena, the eggs of the Eusset Chat are a shade darker in their
ground-colour, which is not of such a pale delicate tint, and the
markings are less conspicuous in consequence. As with S. eury-
melcena, there are some almost spotless eggs in the series. In. size
they vary from '72 to -8 in length, and from -55 to '61 in
breadth.

5. Spain. Seebohm Coll.
5. Spain, 6th June. Seebohm Coll.
5. Andalusia, Spain, 8th May (A. Ruiz : Seebohm Coll.

• Hargitt Coll.).
5. Seville, Spain, 26th April {11. Seebohm Coll.

Saunders) .

4. Malaga, 6th May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Malaga, 17th May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Malaga, 15th June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Algeria, 23rd May (O. ^S'a/ym). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 13th May Salvin-Godman Coll.

{O.S).

5. Ain Djendeli, 13th May {H. B. Crowley Bequest.

Tristram).

2. Madracen, Algeria, 20th May Crowley Bequest.

{H. B. T.).
2. Zana, Algeria, 15th June {H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Tunis. L". Fraser, Esq. [C.].

Saxicola finschi, Heugl.

Saxicola libanotica, Tristram, Ibis, 1867, pp. 91, 94.

Saxicola erythrsea. Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 219 (1874).

Saxicola finschii, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 388 (1881) ; Nehrk.

Eat. Eiersamml. p. 41 (1899).
Saxicola finschi, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 180 (1903).

Considerable likeness exists between the eggs of the Euphrates
Pied Chat and those of S. leucura already described : this similarity
is noticed by Nehrkorn (Z. c). There is only a small series of each
in the Collection, but, judging from the material available, it would
appear that the eggs of the present species are of a slightly paler
ground-colour and do not display their pale chestnut markings to

C AMPBICOLA . — C ATHAEFS .

175

such advantage as those of S. leucura. They measure from '84 to
•95 in length, and from "62 to '66 in breadth.

1. Jericho, 12th April {H. B. Crowley Bequest.

Tristratn),

2. Jericho, 15th April {J. H. Coch- Crowley Bequest.

rane : Tristram Coll.).
4. Jericho, 22nd April {H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.

Genus CAMPICOLA, Swains.

Campicola pileata (Gm.).
(Plate VII. fig. 10.)

Saxicola pileata, Sharpe, ed. Layarcfs Birds S. Africa, p. 238 (1875-84) ;
Seehohm, Cat Birds B.M.y. p. 397 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. JEiersammL
p. 41 (1899); Stark ^ Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 196
(1901).

Campicola pileata, Sharpe, Iland-l. iv. p. 180 (1903).

Eggs of the Black-hooded Chat are of a pale greenish-white
colour, without markings of any sort. They are large compared
with the size of the bird, of a broad oval form, pointed at the small
end, and rather glossy. Size from '87 to -98 in length by from -67
to '73 in breadth. These measurements are considerably less
than those given by Layard and by Stark (I. c), viz. 1-00 by -75 ;
but the Museum series contains one or two unusually small
specimens.

2. South Africa. * E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

2. South Africa {E. L. Layard). Crowley Bequest.

1. C?i^Q Colony {T. Atmore: Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

1. Namaqualand. Crowley Bequest.

Genus CATHARUS, Bonap.

Catharus melpomene (Cab.).

Catharus melpomene, Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 362 ; Scl. ^ Salv. Ihis, 1860,
p. 29 ; Salv. ^ Godman, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 2 (1879) ;
Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 288 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersainml
p. 39 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 180 (1903).

Eggs of the Common Central-American Thrush-Robin vary in
shape from a short to a long oval, and in colour from greenish-grey
to bluish-green, and are marked with specks, clouds, and very
small blotches of pale rufous and underlying lilac and purple. In
some cases the markings are somewhat evenly and thickly distri-
buted, concealing much of the ground-colour, especially towards the
broad end ; in others the blotches are larger and fewer in number.

174 TUEDTD^.

They measure from '91 to I'OO in length, and from -65 to '73 in
breadth.

3. Mexico. Gould Coll.

2. Mexico ( Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

1. Jalapa, Vera Cruz (c?e Om). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Guatemala. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Costa Kica, 27th May ( C. F. Under- Crowley Bequest.

wood).
2. Costa Rica, 8th July (C. F. U.). Crowley Bequest.

Catharus frantzii, Cah.

Catharus frantzii, Salv. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 4 (1879) ;
Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 290 (1881) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 181 (1903).

A pair of the eggs of the Costa-Eican Thrnsh-Eobin in the Col-
lection are of a slightly blunted oval shape and dull texture.
They are of a pale blue colour, prettily speckled and spotted with
lilac-red and lilac. They measure respectively : -97 by -71 ; •98
by -71.

2. Irazu, Costa Eica, 9th June (C F. Crowley Bequest.
TJnderivood).

Catharus phaeopleurus, Sd, Sf Salv.

Catharus phaeopleurus, Scl. 8/- Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 491 ; Seebohm, Cat.
Birds B. M. v. p. 287 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 39 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 182 (1903).

The eggs of the Colombian Thrush-Eobin appear to be of a
regular oval form, but the specimen from the Crowley Collection
is much elongated. They are of a pale bluish-white colour, spotted
and blotched with reddish-brown and underlying lilac. Measure-
ments vary from -95 to 1*08 in length, and from -70 to '72 in
breadth.

2. Antioquia, U. S. Colombia {T. K. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salmon).

2. Medellin, Antioquia {T. K. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.

Genus SIALIA, Swains.

The eggs of the species of Sialia represented in the Collection are
of a broad oval shape and possess a considerable amount of gloss.
They are of a pale spotless blue colour, and are so much alike
in size and colour that the eggs of the different species cannot be
separated from each another.

SIALIA. 175 ^

Sialia sialis (Linn.).

Sialia sialis, Bai'rd, Brewer Sp Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 62 (1874) ;
Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 329 (1881) ; Reid, Bull U.S. Nat.
Mils. No. 25, p. 173 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 40 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 183 (1903).

The eggs of the Eastern Blue-bird measure from '78 to '95 in
length, and from -61 to -7 in breadth.

4. Laid in confinement, 31st May Crowley Bequest.

{Heatley Noble).

8. North America {Hetuhaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

6. North America [Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Boaz Island, Bermuda (jTm^ram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

4. Bermuda. Capt. Savile G. Reid [C.].

4. Ithaca, New York, 29th April Princeton University, N.J.

(C. J. Pinnock). [E.].

2. Massachusetts, 28th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

2. Princeton, New Jersey, 3rd April Princeton University, N.J.

{W. E. D. Scott). [E.].

6. Princeton, 22nd April ( W.E.D.S.). Prmceton University, N.J.

4. Carolina. Crowley Bequest.

Sialia azurea, Swains.

Sialia wilsoni, Oiven, Ibis, 1861, p. 60.

Sialia sialis, Salv. 8f Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 45, part. (1879).
Sialia azurea, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 331 (1881) ; Sharpcy
Hand-l. iv. p. 183 (1903).

The eggs of the Long-tailed Eastern Blue-bird in the Collection
measure from '8 to -89 in length, and from -64 to -66 in breadth.

3. North America. Bruce Hutton, Esq. [P.]
1. North America [Audubon). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. San Geronimo, Guatemala, 10th Salvin-Godman Coll.

May [R. Oiven).

Sialia mexicana (Swains. ^ Richards.).

Sialia mexicana, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 65, part.
(1874) ; Coues, Birds Colorado Vail. p. 80, part. (1878) ; Salv. ^
Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 47, part. (1879) ; Seebohm, Cat.
Birds B. M. v. p. 331 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 40 (1899) :
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 183 (1903).

In size the three eggs of the Mexican Blue-bird in the Collection
measure respectively : -83 by -62 ; -84 by '61 ; '88 by -66.

1, North America [Smiths. Inst). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Monterey, California ( C. A. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Caujield : Henshaw Coll.).

1. Monterey ( C A C. : Smiths. Inst.). Crowley Bequest.

176 SYLVIIDJE.

Sialia occidentalis, Towns.

Sialia raexicana, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridqw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 65, part.
(1874) ; Coues, Birds Colorado Vail. p. 80, part. (1878) ; Salv. 8f
Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 47, part. (1879).

Sialia occidentalis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. y. p. 332 (1881) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml p. 40 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 184 (1903).

Eggs of the Western Blue-bird in the Collection vary from '76 to
•87 in length, and from -63 to -69 in breadth.

3. British Columbia {J. K. Lord). N. Amer. Bound. Comm. [P.].

2. California, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Sialia arctica, Swains.

Sialia arctica, Lord, Proc. R. A. Inst. Woolwich, iv. p. 338 (1865) ; Baird^
Brewer 8^ Ridyw. N. Ainer. Birds, i. p. 67 (1874) ; Coues, Birds
N.- West, p. 14 (1874) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 333 (1881) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 40 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 184
(1903).

The size of the eggs of the Rocky Mountain Blue-bird in the
Collection, varies from "8 to '9 in length, and from '63 to '69 in
breadth.

1. North America. Crowley Bequest.

3. British Columbia {J. K. Lord). N. Amer. Bound. Comm. [P.].
3. Silver City, New Mexico, 10th June. W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Family SYLVIID^.

Genus AGROBATES, Swains.

Agrobates galactodes (Temm.).

Sylvia galactodes, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 205, tab. xxi. fig. 4, a,
b, c, part. (1845-54) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 34 (1881) ;
id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 418, pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds,
p. 205, pi. 53. fig. 2 (1896).

Aedon galactodes, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 22, part. (1855-
63) ; Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 419 ; 1867, p. 80; Heugl. Orn. N.O.-
Afr. i. p. 276, taf. xliii. figs. 16, 17 (1869) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871,
p. 214; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 547 (1874).

Aedon galactotes, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 308.

Agrobates galactodes, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 185 (1903).

The eggs of the Rufous Warbler vary in shape from a broad to
a narrow oval, and a few specimens approach the elliptical. They
have a considerable amount of gloss. The ground is in som^-cases
pale bluish white, in others pale grey, and the markings consist of

AGROBATES.

177

specks, spots, streaks, and confluent blotches of umber-brown and
lavender-grey. In some examples they consist entirely of fine
spots ; in others, the majority, of coarse streaks and blotches which
are often confluent on the broader half and form an irregular cap.
Examples measure from '82 to -95 in length, and from -6 to -7 in
breadth.

6. Malaga, Spain, 30th May.
4. Malaga, 20th June {H. Saunders :
Hargitt Coll.).

4. Malaga, 22nd June {R. S.).
6. Malaga, 26th June.

5. Malaga {A. Ruiz).
4. Tunis.

4. Susa, Tunis, May ( V. Bogo: Tris-
tram Coll.).

1. Chemora, Algeria, 19th May (O.
Salvin).

1. Chemora, 21st May (O. S.),

1. Chemora, 24th May (O. S.).

6. Chemora, 24th May (O. S.).
3. Chemora, 30th May (O. S.).
1. Chemora, 2nd June (O. S.).

1. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 22nd May
{H. B. Tristram).

1. Madracen, Algeria, 30th May

{H. B. T.).

2. Palestine, 8th May {H. B. T.).
2. Temple of Baalbec, 14th June

{H. B. T).
2. Waters of Merom, 27th May
{H. B. T.).

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm CoU.
Crowley Bequest.
L. Fraser, Esq. [C.].
Crowley Bequest.

Salvin-Godhiin Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Agrobates familiaris (Menetr.).

(Plate IX. figs. 2 & 3.)

Aedon familiaris, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 653 (1874) ; Oates, Fauna

Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 361 (1889) ; Sharpe, This, 1891, p. 107.
Sylvia familiaris, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 36 (1881).
Agrobates familiaris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 185 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey-backed Warbler are not, as a rule, separable,
from those of the Rufous Warbler.

Eive eggs, however, forming a clutch taken at Shiraz, are pale
blue, delicately marked with pale brown and underlying lavender.
They differ very conspicuously from all the other eggs of the Grey-
backed and E-ufous Warblers in the Collection. Specimens measure
from '75 to -9 in length, and from -59 to '65 in breadth.

3. Athens, Greece, 30th May {T. Seebohm Coll.

Kriiper).

4. Athens, 1st June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Athens, 1st June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Smyrna, 25th May (r.^.). Seebohm Coll.

VOL. TV. IS

17

8 SYLVIID^.

7.
4.
4.
3.
4.

Smyrna, 30th May {T. K).
Smyrna, 3rd June (7'. K.).
Smyrna, 7th June (T. K.).
Smyrna, May {T. K).
Fao, Persian Gulf.

6.

Fao.

3.

Fao.

6

Shiraz, Persia.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. D. Cumming, Esq.
W. D. Cumming, Esq.
W. D. Cumming, Esq. fP,
F. GiUett, Esq. [P.]. "

|]

i

Genus LOCUSTELLA, Kaup,

Locustella fluviatilis ( WoTf).

Sylvia fluviatilis, Thien. Fortpjlanz ges. Vog. p. 203, tab. xxi. fig. 6, a-Cy

tab. ic. fig. 11, a, b (1845-54).
Aedonops fluviatilis, Baedeket', Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 19 (1855-63).
Locustella fluviatilis. Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 621 (1874) ; Bree, Birds

Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 34, pi. (1875) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v.

p. 110 (1881) J Shari^e, Hand-l. iv. p. 185 (1903).

The eggs of the Eiver-Warbler in the Collection are almost
elliptical in form and very glossy. One example is white, thickly
speckled and spotted with rather bright rufous and underlying
lavender. The others are of a greyish-white colour, thickly sprinkled
with specks of greyish brown and dull lavender. In all the speci-
mens the markings are very evenly distributed over the shell.
They measure respectively : '79 by -58 ; '74 by -6 ; -77 by '57 ;
•8 by -58.

1. Bushan, E. Prussia. Seebohm Coll.

2. Silesia (Nehrkorn Coll.) Crowley Bequest.
1. Samhof, Livonia {Middendorff) . Seebohm Coll.

Locustella luscinioides {Savi).

Sylvia luscinioides, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 201, tab. xxi. fig. 12,
tab. ic. fig. 12, a-c (1845-54).

Lusciniola savii, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 20 (1855-63).

Salicaria luscinoides, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 115, pi. xxxi.
fig. ii (1856).

Calamodyta luscinoides, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 304.

Lusciniopsis savii, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 418.

Locustella luscinioides. Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 627 (1875) ; Seebohm,
Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 12 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 346, pi. 10
(1883) ; id. Eqgs of Brit. Birds, p. 194, pi. 52. fig. 4 (1896) ; Irby,
Orn. Str. Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 59 (1895) ; Sharpe, Handel, iv. p. 185
(1903).

The eggs of Savi's Warbler are of a broad oval form and possess
a considerable amount of gloss. They are dull white or very pale
greyish white, often with a decided pinkish tinge, and they are
thickly speckled all over with ashy brown, dull rufous, and under-
lying lilac or laveiider. In some specimens the markings form a

LOCTJSTELLA. 179

cap at the broad end, in others an ill-defined zone. They measure
from '73 to '8 in length, and from '53 to '6 in breadth.

4. Cambridgeshire, 1854 (jH'.J3b?card!). Seebohm Coll.

3. Holland, 20th May. Salvin-Godman Coll.

5. Holland. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Holland, 2nd June. Gould Coll.

1. Holland (Tm^raw Co//,). Crowley Bequest.
3. Germany, June. Crowley Bequest.
5. Hungary, 6th June. Crowley Bequest.

2. South Spain {L. H. Irby). Seebohm Coll.

3. Zana, Algeria, June (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Zana ( O. /S'. : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

1. Zana, 11th June {H. B. Tristram), Crowley Bequest.

Locustella naevia (Bodd.).
(Plate YIII. fig. 21.)

Sylvia locustella, Thien. Fortpiianz. ges. Vog. p. 200, tab. xxi. fig. 8, a-c

(1845-64).
Locustella nsevia, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 21 (1855-63) ;

Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 611 (1874) : Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 186

(1903).
Salicaria locustella, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 112, pi. xxxi.

fig. i (1856).
Locustella locustella, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 115 (1881) ; id.

Brit. Birds, i. p. 340, pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 194,

pi. 52. fig. 1 (1896).

The eggs of the Grasshopper- Warbler are of a broad pointed oval
form and very glossy. The ground-colour is white or pinkish white,
very thickly speckled with minute dots of rufous or chestnut-
brown. The markings sometimes form a very broad and dense
zone round the larger end and sometimes an ill-defined cap, but, as
a rule, they are evenly spread over the entire shell. In a few
specimens the markings are comparatively large and blotchy.
When carefully examined, most of the specimens will be found to
be sprinkled with pale underlying grey, and a few examples have
some dark hair-lines at the broad end. The eggs measure from '65
to -75 in length, and from '5 to '55 in breadth.

6. Co. Waterford, 31st May {B. J. Seebohm Coll.
Ussher) .

6. Co. Waterford, 1st June {R. J. U.). Seebohm CoU.
4. Newcastle, 10th May (^. G^reewt^e//). Seebohm Coll.

4. Newcastle, 20th May {R. G.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Newcastle, 17th May {Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Northumberland, 14th May. Crowley Bequest.

3. Castle Eden, Durham, 30th May Crowley Bequest.

{Tristram Coll.).

7. Blaydon-on-Tyne, Durham, 28th Seebohm Coll.

June {Hargitt Coll.).

4. Feltwell, Norfolk. Salvin-Godman Coll.

n2

180 SYLVIIDiE.

2. Wicken Fen, Cambridp^esliire, Salvin-Godman Coil.

3rd June (O./S-.^J^. D. G.).

5. Wicken Fen, 7th June (0. S. ^ Salvin-Godman Coll.

F. D. G.).

r\ Finchley, Middlesex (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Finchley (O. >S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Maidenhead ( Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

5. Alton, Hants, July. Crovsrley Bequest.
5. Churt, Surrey. Crowley Bequest.

5. Brighton. Seebohm Coll.

6. Brighton. Seehohm Coll.
6. Brighton {H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
6. Valkenswaard, Holland, 25th May Seebohm Coll.

{H. S.).

4. Anclam, Pomerania. L. Field, Esq.
6. Reval, Baltic Prov., 21st May Seebohm Coll.

{Russoic).

6. Moscow, 29th May (Lorenz). Seebohm Coll.

5. Moscow, 25th June {Lorenz). Seebohm Coll.

Locustella lanceolata {Temm.).

(Plate IX. fig. 9.)

Locustella lanceolata, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 617 (1875) ; Seehohm,
Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 118 (1881) ; Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient.
i. p. 244 (1891) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 186 (1903).

An e^^ of Temminck's Grasshopper- Warbler in the Collection is
of a pointed oval shape and slightly glossy. It is of a pinkish-
white colour, speckled all over with lilac-red and lilac. It measures
•7 by -51.

1. Lake Baikal, Siberia, June Crowley Bequest.

{Dyboivski).

Genus ACROCEPHALUS, Naum.

Acrocephalus aquaticus {Temm,).

Sylvia aquatica, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. p. 197, tab. xxi. fig. \\,a, b, c

(1845-54).
Calamodyta aquatica, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19, fig. 18 (1865-63);

Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 305.
Acrocephalus aquations^ Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 591 (1876) ; Seebohm,

Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 89 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 357, pi. 10

(1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 196, pi. 52. fig. 6 (1896) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. \Y. p. 18^(1903).

The eggs of the Aquatic Warbler are quite inseparable from those
of the Sedge- Warbler. Specimens measure from '63 to -7 in length,
and from -5 to -bb in breadth.

4. Anclam, Pomerania, 27th May. L. Field, Esq. --.''» "

3. Anclam, 5th June. L. Field, Esq.

ACE0CEPHALTT8. 181

Acrocephalus phragmitis (Bechst,).

Sylvia phragmitis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 195^ tab. xxi. fig. 10, a-c

(1845-54).
Calamodjta phragmitis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 17

(1855-63) ; Seehohm Sf Harvie-Broion, Ibis, 1876, p. 218.
Salicaria pbragmitis, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i, p. 117, pi. xxxi.

fig. iii (1856).
Acrocephalus schoenobsenus, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 597 (1876).
Acrocephalus phragmitis, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 91 (1881) ; id.

Brit. Birds, i. p. 352 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 195, pi. 52.

fig. 5 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 187 (1903).

The eggs of the Sedge- Warbler are mostly of a broad oval form
and possess a considerable amount of gloss, ^ey are cream-colour,
stone-colour, or yellowish-buff, for the most part so densely mottled
with various shades of brown that little or none of the ground-colour
is distinctly visible. In some specimens, however, the markings are
better defined, being blotchy or streaky, and a certain amount of the
ground-colour is then clearly visible. Many eggs are, in addition,
marked with some black dots and hair-lines. They measure from
•65 to '7 in length, and from '5 to -bb in breadth.

6.

Wilstrop, Yorkshire, 26th May
(Hargitt Coll.).

Seehohm Coll.

6.

Norfolk, 29th May {F. Nor gate).

Seehohm Coll.

4.

Norfolk, 9th June {F. N.).

Seehohm Coll.

6.

Hockering, Norfolk, 22nd June
{F. Bayfield).

Seehohm Coll.

4.

Merton, Norfolk.

Lord Walsingham [P.].

6.

Cambridgeshire.

F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

4.

Cambridgeshire.

F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

5.

Cambridgeshire, 3rd June (0. Salvin).

, Salvin-Godman Coll.

4.

Cookham, Berkshire, 9th June.

Gould Coll.

6.

Cookham, June.

Gould Coll.

6.

Thames Vallev.

Gould Coll.

5.

Marlborough, 'Wilis, May {J. G,
Millais: Hargitt Coll.).

Seehohm Coll.

4.

Finchley, Middlesex (0. S.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

5.

Finchley (0. S.).
Churt, Surrey.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

5.

Crowley Bequest.

6.

Elbeuf, France {Noury : Hargitt

Coll.).
Holland, May.

Seebohm Coll.

6.

P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.],

5.

Valkenswaard, Holland, 14th May.

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Valkenswaard, 15th May.

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Anclam, Pomeramia, 13th May.

L. Field, Esq.
Seebohm Coll.

4.

Petchora River, Lat. 68° N., 4th

July {H. Seebohm 8f J. A.
Harvie- Brown).

Acrocephalus turdoides {Meyer),

Sylvia turdoides, Thien. Fortpfianz. ges. Vog. p. 189, tab. xxi. fig. 5, a, b, c

(1845-54).
Calamoherpe turdoides, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 10 (1855-

182

SYLVIID^.

63) ; Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 305 ; Tristram^ Ibis, 1859, p. 418 j

Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 215.
Salicaria arundinacea, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 122, pi. xxxii.

figs, iii & iv (1856).
Acrocephalus arundinaceus, Di'esser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 679 (1878).
Acrocephalus turdoides, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 95 (1881) ; id.

Brit. Birds, i. p. 361, pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 196,

pi. 52. fig. 7 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 187 (1903).

The eggs of the European Great Eeed- Warbler are of a blunt oval
shape and moderately glossy. They are of different shades of pale
blue or bluish green, boldly blotched and spotted with olive-brown,
deep umber-brown, approaching black, and lavender. The markings
are frequently confluent at the broad end, and form an irregular cap.

Two examples from Germany are of remarkable coloration, the
pointed half of the egg being greyish white, followed by a belt of
light olive occupying the third quarter. The remainder of the egg
is covered by a cap of dark olive-brown spotted with umber-brown.

Specimens measure from '75 to 1 in length, and from '6 to '7 in
breadth.

2. Louviers, Eure, France {Noury :

Sargitt'Coll.).

4. Louviers, 6th June {Noury : Har-

gitt Coll.).

3. Louviers {Noury : Hargitt Coll.).

5. Andalusia, Spain.

6. Seville, Spain, 18th May (H.

Saunders) .

4. Malaga, Spain, 30th June (S. S.).
2. Holland, 17th May.

2. Holland.

4. Valkenswaard, Holland.

5. Brunswick, 29th June (Dr. R. Blasius) .

3. Pomerania {T. Kriiper).

6. Pomerania {T. Holland).

3. Pomerania.

4. Anclam, Pomerania.

3. Halle-a.-S.

4. Halle.
4. Saxony.

4. Cilli, Styria (-E*. Seidensacher) .

2. Lake Halloula, Algeria, June (H.

B. Tristram).

7. Zana, Algeria, June {H. B. T.).

5. Astrakhan {Henke).

4. Zana^ Algeria, June (O. Salvin).

3. Zana, June {O. S.).

3. Zana, 6th June (O. /S.).

2. Zana, 6th June {O. S.).

4. Zana, 11th June (O. iS.).

3. Zana, 13th June (O. S.).
2. Zana, 15th June {O. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Lord Lilford [P.].
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
L. Field, Esq.
L. Field, Esq.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

ACllOCEPHALTJS,

183

Acrocephalus orientalis (Temm. ^ ScJiL).

Acrocephalus magnirostris, Swinlioe, Ibis, 1860, p. 5] .

Acrocephalus orientalis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 97 (1881);

Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 357 (1889); Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 33 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 187 (1903).
Acrocephalus turdoides, var. orientalis, Pleske in Prjev. Reisen, Fog. pi. v.

fig. 8 (1889-94).
Acrocephalus turdoides orientalis, Tacz. Faune Orn. Sibir. Orient, p. 234

(1891).

The eggs of the Eastern Great Eeed-Warbler are smaller than
those of A. turdoides, but otherwise similar to them. They measure
from -77 to '84 in length, and from -58 to "61 in breadth.

8. Amoy, China {R. Swinhoe).

1. Amoy {R. S. : Tristram Coll.).

1. Yangtsepoo, China.
6. Chinkiang, 26th May.

3. Chinkiang, 27th May.

4. Chinkiang, 1st June.

3. Chinkiang, 1st June.

2. Chinkiang, 3rd June.

1. Chinkiang, 3rd Jane.

4. Chinkiang, 3rd June.

3. Chinkiang, 6th June.

3. Chinkiang, 6th June.

4. Chinkiang, 6th June.

2. Shanghai, China, 5th June.
1. Amur River {Dybowski).

4. Suwa, Hondo, Japan, 23rd June.

Seebohin Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

J. Whitehead, Esq. [P.].

C. B. Rickett, Esq. ^^ "

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.'

C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.°

C. B. Rickett, Esq. ^~ '

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

C. B. Rickett Esq.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

Crowley Bequest.

W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

:[fo

Acrocephalus stentoreus {Hempr. Sf Ehr.).

Acrocephalus stentoreus, Konig- Warth. J. f. O. 1868, taf. ii. fig. 2 ;
Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 287, taf. xliii. figs. 13-15 (1869);
Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 585 (1877) ; Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 541
(1879) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 98 (1881) ; Oates, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 356 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind.
Birds, i. p. 224 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 33 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 187 (1903).

The eggs of the Indian Great Reed- Warbler do not differ in any
respect from those of A. turdoides. Examples measure from '77
to '88 in length, and from -61 to '63 in breadth.

2. Srinagar, Kashmir, 8th June {W, Hume Coll.

E. Brooks).
1. Srinagar, 8th June ( W. E. B. : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

1, Kashmir, 9th June (C. R. Cock: Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

2. Ceylon, July (^A. Z. Butler). Crowley Bequest.

Acrocephalus australis, Gould.

Calamoherpe australis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 402 (1865).
Acrocephalus australis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 100 (1881) ;

184

SYLVIID^.

North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 169 (1889); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 33 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i.
p. 181, pi. 9 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 188 (1903).

The eggs of the Australian Eeed- Warbler resemble those of
A. turdoides, but they are generally greyish white in ground-colour,
and seldom exhibit any bluish tinge. They measure from -77 to -85
in length, and from -57 to '6 in breadth.

1. Australia {Field Coll.).

2. New South Wales.

1. Dobroyde, N. S. W. {E. P. Eamsay).

2. South Australia.

4. Melbourne ( W. Bridger').

1. Melbourne ( W. B.).

4. Victoria {E. P. Eamsay).

6. Victoria.

2. Victoria, 3rd Nov. {A. J. North).

3. River Tana, Australia {S. French).

W. RadclifEe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
Gould CoH.
Crowley Bequest.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Govt, of Victoria [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Acrocephalus palustris (Bechst.).

Sylvia palustris, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 191, tab. xxi. fig. 7, a, b

(1845-64).
Calamoherpe palustris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 16 (1855-

63) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 215.
Acrocephalus palustris, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 1, pi. (1875) ;

Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 573 (1876) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v.

p. 101 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 375, pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of

Brit. Birds, p. 198, pi. 52. fig. 9 (1896); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 188

(1908).

The eggs of the Marsh- Warbler are almost miniatures of those
of A. turdoides, and the only difference between them, apart from
size, appears to be that in the eggs of the present species the
underlying lavender markings are more prominent and the shell-
markings less dense. The eggs measure from '63 to '8 in length,
and from -51 to -58 in breadth.

3.

Holland.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

5.

Holland {Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

6.

Holstein.

Crowley Bequest.

6.

Germany, May ( W. SchUUer).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Andernach, Germany {T. Holland).

Seebohm Coll.

1.

Halle-a.-S., 3rd June { W. SchUiter).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Brunswick (Nehrkorn).

Seebohm Coll.

2.

Berlin.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

5.

Berlin, 9th June (T. Holland).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Dorpat, Baltic Provs., June
{Bussow).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Silesia, 4th June.

Crowley Bequest.

4.

Malaga, Spain, 10th June {H.

Saunders).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Malaga, 27th May {A. Ruiz).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Malaga, 16th June {A. B.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Altai Mountains, 7th June {Tancre

Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

ACROCEPHALUS.

185

Acrocephalns streperus ( Vieill.).

(Plate YIII. fig. 20.)

Sylvia arundinacea, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog, p. 191, tab. xxi. fig. 7,

6?,e,/ (1845-54).
Calamoherpe arundinacea, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Tog. tab. 19. fig. 11

(1855-63) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 215.
Calamoherpe pinetarum, Baedeker, torn. cit. tab. 19. fig. 12.
Calamoherpe hydrophilos, Baedeker, torn. cit. tab. 19. fig. 13.
Calamoherpe arbustorum, Baedeker, torn. cit. tab. 19. fig. 14y'
Salicaria strepera, Sewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 119, pi. xxxii.

figs, i, ii (1856).
Acrocephalus streperus, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 667 (1877) ; Seebohm,

Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 102 (1881); Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 188

(1903).
Acrocephalus arundinaceus, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 367, pi. 10 (1883) ;

id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 197, pi. 52. fig. 8 (1896).

The eggs of the Eeed- Warbler are of a decidedly-pointed oval
form, and they exhibit little gloss. The ground-colour varies from
greyish white to a very pale green, and is densely mottled and
blotched with greenish brown and underlying pale lavender or
greenish grey. The markings are more or less confluent aU over
the shell, and at the larger end they usually form a dense cap.
Some specimens are less densely marked than others, and occa-
sionally the blotches are fairly well-defined and distinct. Many
examples have a few blackish lines or dots at the larger end. Four
eggs, forming a clutch taken in Norfolk, are white, smudged with
pale grey. Specimens measure from -65 to '8 in length, and from
•51 to -56 in breadth.

5. Tatton Park, Cheshire {F. Nichol-

son: Hargitt Coll.).
4. Norfolk, 24th June {F. Norgate).

6. Norfolk, 25th June {F. N.).

4. Norfolk.

5. Cambridgeshire.
5. Cambridgeshire.
4. Cambridgeshire.

4. Elv, Cambridge, 9th June ( 0. Salvin) .

5. Ely, 10th June (O. .S'.).
4. Cambridge, 3rd June (O. S.).
4. Cambridge, 3rd June (O. S.).
4. Taplow, Berkshire, 24th May.

6. Cookham, Berkshire, June.
4. Middlesex, 3rd June {E. Bidwell ^

H. Seebohm).
4. Middlesex, 3rd June {E. B. 8f H. S.).

4. Middlesex, 3rd June {E. B. ^ H. S.).

3. Middlesex, 3rd June {E. B. ^ H. S.).

5. Staines.

4. Faversham, Kent, June.

5. Elbeuf, France (Nourv : Hargitt

Coll.).

4. Elheut (Notmj : Hargitt Coll.).

5. Elbeuf {Noury : Hargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
F. Bond, Esq. fF."
F. Bond, Esq. [P.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.
Salvin-fTodman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould CoU.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
H. Murton, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

186

SYLVIID^.

Elbeuf {Noury : Hargitt Coll.).
Malaga, Spain, 19th May.
Malaga (//. Saunders).
Malaga, Sth June {H. S.).
Malaga, 10th June {H. S.).
Malaga, 15th June {H. 8.),
Malaga, 20th June {H. S.).

Anclam, Pomerania, 13th May.
Anclam, 5th June.
Algiers, May ( Tristram Coll.).
Lake Halloula, Algeria, June

{Tristram Coll.).
Zana, Algeria, llth June {Ti'istram

Coll.).
Zana, 12th June {Tristram Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll,
Crowley Bequest.
L. Field, Esq.
L. Field, Esq.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Acrocephalus dumetorum (Blyth).

(Plate IX. figs. 1 & 4.)

Acrocephalus dumetorum, Anderson, Stray Feath. iii. p. 351 (1875) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 561 (1876) ; LeggCy Birds Ceylon, p. 645
(1879) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 104 (1881) ; Oates, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 359 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind.
Birds, i. p. 226 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 33 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 188 (1903).

The eggs of Blyth's Reed-Warbler vary remarkably, and are of
three distinct types.

Eggs taken by Capt. Hutton agree well with those described by
Anderson (l. c). They are of a blunt oval shape, slightly glossy,
and of a white colour, speckled with rufous. They measure respec-
tively : -65 by -53 ; -64 by 'b2 ; -64 by '51.

Those of a second type are of a somewhat pointed oval shape,
moderately glossy, and of a pale pink colour, mottled and blotched
with lilac or brownish pink.

Those of a third type are of a pointed oval shape, moderately
glossy, and of a greyish-white colour, mottled and blotched in the
same manner as in the second type, but with lavender, pale brown,
and umber-brown, and occasionally marked with a few darker,
almost black, specks.

Examples of the second and third types measure from -64 to '77
in length, and from '5 to '55 in breadth.

Jerripani, Himalayas, 6th May

{T. Hutton).
Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, 25th June

{Kiho7't).
Altai Mountains (Tancre Coll.).
Altai Mountains {Tancre Coll.).
Altai Mountains.
Altai Mountains {Nehrkorn Coll.).

Hume Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll,
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

ACEOCEPHALIJS, 187

Acrocephalus agricola {Jerd.).

Acrocephalus agricolus, Dresser^ Birds Eur. ii. p. 559 (1876).
Acrocephalus agricola, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 105 (1881) ;

Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 359 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests

Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 229 (1889) ; Wilson, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist.

JSoc. xii. p. 635 (1899) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 33 (1899) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l iv. p. 189 (1903).

The eggs of the Paddy-field Keed-Warbler are of a regular ovaj
form and moderately glossy. They are of a dull gr^uish-grey
colour, blotched all over with greenish brown and pale grey, and
with a few blackish specks at the broader end. They are hardly
separable from some of the eggs of A. streperus. They measure
from -65 to -68 in length, and from -5 to -52 in breadth.

5. Kirghiz Steppes, July (Henke). Seebohm Coll.

1. Turkestan {Nehrkom Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Acrocephalus baeticatus {Vieill.),

Calamoherpe rufescens, Ay res, Ibis, 1869, p. 291.

Acrocephalus baeticatus, Sharpe, ed. Zagard's Birds S. Africa, p. 290
(1875-84); Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 106 (1881) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 33 (1899) ; Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa,
Birds, u. p. 91 (1901) ; Sharpe, Sand-l iv. p. 189 (1903).

The eggs of the South- African Reed- Warbler resemble those o
A. streperus. They measure from '68 to '73 in length, and from
•48 to '54 in breadth.

2. South Africa. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

1. Potchefstroom, Transvaal, 5th Dec. Seebohm CoU.

{T. Ay res).
10. Potchefstroom (T. A.: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

2. East Africa, 12th Feb. Crowley Bequest.

Acrocephalus syrinx (Kittl.).

(Plate IX. figs. 6 & 7.)

Acrocephalus syrinx, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 100 (1881) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 33 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 189
(1903).

The eggs of Kittlitz's Great Reed- Warbler only differ from
those of A. turdoides in having the ground-colour greyish white.
Three examples measure respectively : -88 by -6 ; -86 by '62 :
•83 by -6.

1. Caroline Islands. Crowley Bequest.

2. Ruk Island, Caroline Group, Crowley Bequest.

19th May {^Tring Mus.).

18S SYIVIID^.

Genus TRIBITRA, Hodgs,

Tribura thoracica (Blyth),

(Plate IX. figs. 5 & 8.)

Dumeticola affinis, Tacz. J. f. O. 1872, p. 354.

Dumeticola thoracica, Tacz. J.f. O. 1873, taf. i. fig. 3; id. Faune Orn.

Siber. Orient, p. 250 (1891); Pleske in Prjev. Reisen, Voy. pi. v.

fig. 7 (1889-94) ; Hartert, Nov. Zool. i. p. 671 (1894).
Lusciniola thoracica, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 124 (1881) : Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml p. 33 (1899).
Tribura thoracica, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 363 (1889) ; id,

ed. Hume, Nests Sr Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 229 (1889) ; Skarpe, Hand-L

iv. p. 190 (1903).

We provisionally follow Taczanowski in uniting the Spotted Bush-
Warblers of Lake Baikal and Sikhim. He has, however, pointed
out that there are important differences between them, and this is
confirmed by an examination of the eggs of the birds from the two
localities above mentioned.

The eggs of the Sikhim bird are of a broad oval shape and glossy.
They are white or faint pinkish white, speckled and spotted all over
with brownish red and lavender, the markings forming a slight cap
or zone at the broad end. Five examples measure from '68 to '7 in
length, and from -53 to '^Q in breadth.

Eggs from Lake Baikal are of a regular oval shape and but
slightly glossy. They are of a pure white colour, speckled and
spotted with umber-brown, brownish purple, and lavender. In two
specimens the markings are dense at the broad end, but do not
form a noticeable cap. In a third specimen they form a wide and
confluent zone round the broad end, and are very sparse elsewhere.
Three examples measure respectively : -71 by '55 ; -71 by '53 ; '71
by -53.

The differences between the eggs of the birds from the two
localities are very marked, much more so than might be gathered
from the descriptions alone.

1. Native Sikhim, 15th July (Z. Hume Coll,

Mandelli).

1. Native Sikhim, 17th July (Z. M.). Hume Coll.

1. Native Sikhim, 21st July {L. M.). Hume Coll.

2. Rungbee, Darjiling, 5000 ft., 5th Hume Coll.

June {J. Gammie).

1. Lake Baikal, Siberia (Dgbowski). Seebohm Coll.

2. Liike BRikal (Dgbowski : Tristra7n Crowley Bequest.

LUSCINIOLA. — SUTORIA. 189

Genus LUSCINIOLA, Gray.
Lusciniola melanopogon {Temm.).

Acrocephalus melanopogon, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 19, pi.

(1875).
Lusciniola melanopogon, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 605 (1876) ; Seebohm,

Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 132 (1881) ; Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds^

i. p. 369 (1889) ; Irby, Orn. Str. Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 61 (1895) ; SharpOy

Hand-l. iv. p. 191 (^1903).

The eggs of the Moustached Warbler do not appear to be separable
from those of the Reed- Warbler {Acrocephalus streperu^). They have
a pale greenish-white ground, mottled and blotched with greenish
brown and underlying grey. They are also marked very sparingly with
small black dots at the broad end. Five examples measure respec-
tively : -67 by -5 ; -7 by -51 ; -71 by -5 ; -69 by -51 ; -7 by -52.

3. Valencia, Spain, April (JT. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
1. Valencia, April {H. S.). Crowley Bequest.

1. Astrakhan, April {Henke). Seebohm Coll.

Genus SUTORIA, Nicholson.

Sutoria sutoria {Forst.).

Orthotomus sutorius, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 517 (1879) ; Oates, Fauna

Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 366 (1889) ; id. ed. Sume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind.

Birds, i. p. 231 (1889).
Sutoria sutoria, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 215 (1883) ; Barnes,

Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. v. p. 9, pi. fig. 530 (1890) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml p. 55 (1899) ; Shai^e, Hand-l. iv. p. 191 (1903).

The eggs of the Indian Tailor-bird are of a pointed oval form
and possess a considerable amount of gloss. The ground-colour is
either white or pale blue, and is marked with different shades of
reddish brown and chestnut. In some specimens the markings
consist of small specks and spots pretty evenly distributed over the
egg ; in others they consist of spots, clouds, or blotches, and in these
they are more or less confluent at the larger end, where they form
a bold cap or an irregular zone. A few examples are marked almost
exclusively at the larger end. The eggs measure from -6 to '7 in
length, and from '45 to -5 in breadth.

14. India. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

2. Sikhim (/. Gammie). Hume Coll.

3. Delhi, 12th June (C. T. Bingham). Hume Coll.
1. Delhi, 22nd June (C. T. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Agra, 18th April. Hume CoU.

1. Agra, 16th June. Hume Coll.

2. Agra, 27th July. Hume Coll.
5. Agra, 27th July. Hume Coll.

3. Agra, 8th Aug. Hume Coll.

1. Agra, 24th Aug. Hume Coll.

2. Agra, 24th Aug. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 22nd June. Hume Coll.

190

SYLVIIDiB.

1. Etawah, 1st Aug.

2. Etawah {W.E. Brooks: Tristram

Coll).

3. Raipur, C. Prov.
10. Raipur, July.

2. Seoni, 0. Prov., 28th Aug.

3. Seoni, 29tli Aug.

4. Saugor, 0. Prov.
3. Saugor, 31st July.
3. Calcutta; June.

1. Pegu, 7th June {E. W. Oates).

2. Pegu, 22nd June {E. W. O.).
2. Foochow, China.

2. Foochow, 25th June.

3. Foochow, 2nd July.
2. Foochow, 15th May.
2. Foochow, 24th May.
1. Foochow, June.

4. Foochow, 30th June.

4. Amoy, China {H. Swinhoe : Tris-
tram Coll.).

Hume Coll,
Crowley Bequest.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Col. H. H. Godwin-Austen

[C.].
Oates Coll.
Hume Coll.

C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.'.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. fP.'.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. TP.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. ^
C. B. Rickett, Esq.

C. B. Rickett,
C. B. Rickett,
Crowley Bequest.

Esq.
Esq.

Sutoria maculicoUis {Moore).

(Plate IX. fig. 10.)

Orthotomus maculicoUis, Hume, Stray Feath. viii. p. 64 (1879).
Sutoria maculicoUis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 218 (1883) ; id.
Hand-l. iv. p. 191 (1903).

The eggs of the Malayan Tailor-bird in the Collection are in-
separable from many of those of the Indian Tailor-bird. They are
pale blue, spotted and blotched, principally at the larger end, with
reddish brown and pinkish brown. They measure respectively : '65
by -45 ; -63 by -45.

2. Kossoom, Malay Peninsula, 23rd
July {W. Davison).

Hume Coll.

Genus ORTHOTOMUS, Horsf.

Orthotomus atrigularis (Temm.).

(Plate IX. fig. 11.)

Orthotomus atrigularis, Sharpe, Ibis, 1877, pp. 16, 113; id. Ibis, 1879,
p. 259 ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 235 (1889) j
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 192 (1903).

The four eggs of the Black-throated Tailor-bird in the Collection
are rather wide-pointed ovals, with the ground-colour white and
somewhat glossy ; the entire surface of the shell is sparingly blotched
and spotted with light red and lavender-grey, the markings being
most numerous at the larger end, where they sometimes form an
irregular zone. They measure from '55 to "58 in length, and from
•42 to -44 in breadth.

4. Marglierita, Assam, 29th April.

E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [P.].

ORTHOTOMUS. CISTICOLA. 191

Orthotomus cMoronotus {Ogilvie- Grant).
(Plate IX. fig. 12.)

Orthotomus chloronotus, Ogilvie- Grant, Bull. B. O. C. v. p. ii (1895) 5 id.
Ibis, 1896, p. 117; id. ^ Whitehead, Ibis, 1898, p. 240; Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 192 (1903).

The eggs of the Green-backed Tailor-bird are of a blunt oval
form and very slightly glossy. They are white, sparingly dotted
and spotted, fairly evenly all over, with lake-brown and J^nderlying
pale lilac. They measure respectively : '65 by -48 ; -63 by '48 ;
•63 by -48.

3. Province of Isabella, North-east J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].

Luzon, PhiUppines, 29th May.

Genus CISTICOLA, Kaup.
Cisticola ruficapilla, A. Smith,
(Plate IX. figs. 13 & 14.)

Cisticola aberrans, Sharpe, ed. Layard^s Birds S.Africa, p. 271 (1875-84) ;

Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 245 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 65 (1899) ; Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 143

(1901).
Cisticola ruficapilla, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 194 (1903).

The eggs of Smith's Fantail- Warbler are of a lengthened oval
shape and very glossy. Those forming one clutch are white,
speckled with lilac-red and lavender, chiefly at the broad end.
Those forming a second clutch are of a pinkish cream-colour, densely
mottled all over with reddish brown and lavender. They measure
from -63 to '7 in length, and from '45 to -5 in breadth.

4. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [C.].

4. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [C.].

Cisticola cisticola (Temm.).

Sylvia cisticola, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxii. fig. 11, a, b

(1845-54).
Cisticola schcenicola, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 23 (1855-63) ;

Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 214.
Acrocephalus cisticola, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 23, pi. (1875).
Cisticola cursitans, Heugl. Orn. N. O.-Afr. i. p. 267, taf. xliii. figs. 4-6

(1873) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 3 (1877) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind.,

Birds, i. p. 374 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, 1.

p. 236 (1889).
Cisticola cisticola, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 259 (1883) ; id. Hand-l.

iv. p. 197 (1903).

The eggs of the Fantail- Warbler taken in Europe are extremely
variable, whereas those taken in India and Burma appear to b©
always of one type.

192

STLVIID^.

In shape the eggs are typically of an oval form, the majority being
somewhat sharply pointed. They are very glossy.

European eggs, so far as they are represented in the Collection,
are of five types: (1) plain white; (2) plain, pale greenish blue;
(3) white, very minutely speckled all over with pale purple and ^
dark purplish brown ; (4) pinkish white, densely speckled all over
with reddish brown ; (5) pale blue, speckled and spotted with pinkish
brown and underlying pale lilac, or with dark chocolate-brown.

Indian eggs, though varying slightly among themselves, may be
considered as of one type. They are white, marked with reddish
brown and underlying pale lilac. The markings are for the most part
small specks, sometimes small spots, or the two combined. In a
few specimens there is a ring of confluent blotches round the larger
end with comparatively few markings elsewhere.

They measure from -55 to '68 in length, and from '44 to '48 in
breadth.

6. Valencia, Spain {H. Saunders).
4. Andalucia {A. Ruiz : Hargitt

Coll).

7. Malaga, Spain, 6th June {H. S.).

1. Southern Spain, 21st May.
4. Southern Spain, 13th June.
4. Southern Spain, 15th June.
3. Southern Spain, 16th July.

2. Southern Spain.

3. Southern Spain.
3. Southern Spain.

3. Algeria {Loche).

4. Algeria, June (S. B. Tristrn7n).
2. Sikhim Terai, India, 5th April.
2. Sikhim Terai, 26th April.

1. Sikhim Terai, 2nd May.
4. Sikhim Terai, 21st May.

2. Sikhim Terai, 25th May.

2. Sikhim Terai, 29th May.
4. Sikhim Terai, 29th May.
] . Sikhim Terai, 28th July.

3. Sikhim Terai, 9th Aug.

1. Sikhim Terai, 26th Aug.

2. Sikhim Terai, 28th Sept.

3. Delhi, 27th March ( C. T. Bingham) .

4. Delhi, 29th June (G T. B.).
1. Etawah, 14th Aug.

4. Etawah, 28th Aug.

10. Raipur, C. Prov.

3. Raipur, 8th July.
1. Eaipur, 11th July.

4. Saugor, C. Prov.

1. Ceylon, May {A. L. Butler).
4. Pegu, 7th June {E. W. Oates).

2. Pegu, 7th Sept. {E. W. O.).
2. Pegu, 1st Oct. {E. W. O.).
1. Pegu, 2nd Nov. {E. W. O.).

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm CoU.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.

CISTICOLA. 193

Cisticola brunneiceps {Temm. 4' ScJil.).

Salicaria (Cisticola) brunneiceps, Temm. ^ Schl. Fauna Jap,, Aveg p 134,

pi. 20 (1850). ^ '

Cisticola brunneiceps, Sharpe, Hanil-l. iv. p. 197 (1903).

Three eggs of the Japanese Fantail- Warbler are rather wide ovals,
somewhat pointed towards the smaller end. The ground-colour is
white with the faintest bluish tinge, sparsely spotted and speckled
with light red and reddish brown, the markings being moit nume-
rous round the larger end, where there are underlying spots and
blotches of pale lilac, the whole forming an ill-defined zone. The
eggs measure -6 to '65 in length, by -48 in breadth.

3. Fuji, Japan, 10th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Cisticola cherina {A. Sviiili).

Cisticola madagascariensis, Milne-Edivards 8f Grandidier, Hist Nat.

Madag., Ois. i. p. 325, pi. 303. fig. 3 (1879) ; Cowan, Proc. R. Fhys.

Soc. Edinh. vii. p. 148 (1882).
Cisticola cherina, Sharpe, ed. Lay ar d' s Birds S. Africa, p. 278 (1875-84) ;

id. Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 264 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 56 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 197 (1903).

The eggs of the Brown Fantail-Warbler are of a regular oval
shape and slightly gloss5\ They are of a pale bluish-green colour,
speckled, spotted, and blotched with brownish chestnut, lilac-red,
and lavender. In some examples the markings are evenly dis-
tributed over the shell ; in others they are chiefly clustered round
the broad end of the e^^ in the form of a bold zone. Specimens
measure from '59 to '71 in length, and from '47 to '5 in breadth.

17. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.].

2. Madagascar (-£^. iVez^^oM: Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

4. Madagascar (Tm^/'fljm Co//.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Madagascar. Crowley Bequest.

Cisticola textrix (Vieill.).

Hemipteryx tectrix, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's Birds S. Africa, p. 279 (1875-84).

Cisticola textrix, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 266 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat Eiersamml. p. 56 (1899) ; Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa,
Birds, ii. p. 146 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 197 (1903).

The eggs of the Pinc-pinc Fantail-Warbler in the Collection are
of two types. One specimen is of a pale greenish-blue colour,
marked, chiefly at the broad end, with some blotches and hair-lines
of deep umber-brown and lilac. Two other specimens are of a plain
bluish-white colour. They measure respectively: '68 by -45; -62
by -47; -64 by -45.

1. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

2. Nel's Poort, Cape Colony Crowley Bequest.

(T. Atmore: Tristram Coll.).
VOL. IV. 0

194 sylviid.t:.

Cisticola exilis (Vig. ^ Horsf.).

Cisticola exilis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 269 (1883) ; Campbell^

Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 227, pi. 10 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 198 (1903).
Cisticola ruliceps, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 353 (1865) ; Bamsay,

Ibis, 1868, p. 277 ; North, Nests ^' Eggs Austr Birds, p. 127 (1889).
Cisticola erythrocephala, Jerd. Birds Ind. ii. p. 175 (1803) ; Davison,

Stray Feath. x. p. 392 (1883) ; Terry, Stray Feath. x. p. 476 (1887) ;

Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 371 (1889).
Cisticola volitans, Sivinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. JiOi ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind.,

Birds, i. p. 373 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds,

i. p. 236 (1889).

The eggs of the Eed -headed Fantail-Warbler are short ovals,
somewhat pointed, and moderately glossy. The ground is pale blue.
Those of the Formosan bird are spotted and speckled with chocolate-
brown, and the markings are rather dense at the large end, sparse
elsewhere. The eggs of the Pegu bird are spotted with pale rufous,
very evenly over the whole shell. In one specimen the markings
consist entirely of a few very large blotches. The eggs vary from
•52 to -57 in length, and from -4 to -45 in breadth, but the eggs
from Pegu are distinctly larger than those from Formosa.

Eggs from Australia appear to vary from the narrow to the broad
oval in shape and to be moderately glossy. They are also of a
bluish-green colour, speckled and blotched, chiefly at the broad end,
with reddish brown and lilac. They measure from '58 to -68 in
length, and from '46 to -5 in breadth.

1. Palni Hills, South India, 3rd June. Major Horace Terrv [P.].

3. Hot Springs, N. Cachar. E. C. Stuart Baker,* Esq. [C.].

2. Pegu, 28th May {E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.

3. Pegu, 28th May {E. W. O.). Oates Coll.

4. Formosa, 12th April (P. A. Hoist). Seebohm Coll.
7. Formosa, 15th April (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Java, 26th and 27th April. Crowley Bequest.
1. New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay). Gould Coll.

3. Lismore, Richmond, N.S.W., Crowley Bequest.

30th Nov. {A. J. North).
23. North Queensland. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

Cisticola tinniens (Licht.).

Drymoeca levaillantii, Ayres, Ibis, 1869, p. 291.

Cisticola tinniens, Sharpe, ed. Layard^s Birds S. Africa, p. 265 (1875-84) ;

id. Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 273 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 56 (1899^ ; Stark ^ Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 147

(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 198 (1903).

The eggs of Le Yaillant's Fantail-Warbler are of a somewhat
pointed oval thape and very glossy. Those in the Collection are of
several distinct types. The eggs of one clutch are pinkish white,
freckled with pinkish brown, principally at the broad end, w^Jiere a
conspicuous broad zone or cap is formed. The eggs of a second
clutch are blue, spotted and blotched, especially at the broad end,

cisxrcoLA, 195

with chocolate-brown and lilac. Other eggs are pale blue, blotched
equally all over with pale chestnut and lilac. Others again are
white, in some cases speckled, in others spotted, with chestnut and
lilac. They measure from '61 to -64 in length, and from -46 to '48
in breadth.

4. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [C.].

2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P,].

7. Potchefstroom, Transvaal Crowley Bequest.
{T. Ayres: Tristram Coll.).

Cisticola strangei (Fraser),

(Plate IX. fig. 15.)

Cisticola strangei, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 276 (1883) ; id.
Hand-l. iv. p. 198 (1903).

The eggs of Strange's Pantail- Warbler in the Collection are
of a pointed oval shape and rather glossy. They are pale blue,
densely speckled with pale reddish brown and lilac-grey, and they
bear a close resemblance to the eggs of G. natalensis. Two examples
measure respectively : -69 by 'b ; "68 by '49.

2. Boussa, Nigeria, 14th July. Dr. Cuthbert Christy [P.].

Cisticola natalensis {A. Smith),

Drymoeca curvirostris, Gurnet/, Ibis, 1863, p. 323.

Cisticola natalensis, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 261
(1875-84) ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 278 (1883) ; Stark (^ Sclater,
Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 165 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 199
(1903).

Cisticola curvirostris, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's Birds S. Africa, p. 263.

The eggs of the Natal Fantail-Warbler are of a lengthened oval
shape and moderately glossy. They are pale blue, covered with
extremely minute specks of reddish brown and lilac. On a few
specimens the markings are somewhat denser at the broad end than
elsewhere. Seven examples measure from '76 to -81 in length,
and from '53 to 'bb in breadth.

4. Natal. T. Avres, Esq. [C.].

3. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [C.].

Cisticola lugubris, Rilpp,
(Plate IX. fig. 16.)

Cisticola fulvifrons, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's Birds S. Africa, p. 264
(1875-84).

Cisticola lugubris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 280 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 56 (1899) ; Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa,
Birds, ii. p. 163 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 199 (1903).

The eggs of the Buff-fronted Fantail- Warbler are of a pointed
oval shape and excedingly glossy. Some are uniformly brick-red
in colour ; others are of a salmon-pink colour, mottled and blotched

o2

196

SYLVITDiE.

with chestnut and lilac-red. They measure from -6 to -7 in length,
and from -47 to -51 in breadth.

2. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [C.].

2. East Africa. Crowley Bequest.

2. East Africa. Crowley Bequest.

1. Witu, East Africa. Crowley Bequest.

Cisticola subruficapilla (Smith).

Cisticola subruficapilla, Sharpe, ed. LayarcCs Birds S. Africa, p. 266
(1875-84) ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 283 (1883) ; Nehrh. Kat.
Eiersamrnl. p. 151 (1899) ; Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds,
ii. p. 151 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 199 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey-backed Eantail-Warbler are of an ordinary
oval shape and highly glossy. They are of a pale blue colour,
spotted and blotched, mostly at the broad end, with pale umber-
brown and lilac. Some specimens are also marked with a few spots
and hair-lines of dark umber-brown. They measure from '61 to
•64 in length, and from '42 to -45 in breadth.

8. Namaqua-land, S. Africa. Crowley Bequest.

Genus FRANKLINIA, Blyth.

Franklinia gracilis (FranJd.).

Prinia gracilis, Jerd. B. Ind. ii. p. 172 (1863).

Prinia hodgsoni, Leqqe, Birds Ceylon., p. 523 (1879).

Cisticola gracilis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 253 (1883) ; Nehrh.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 55 (1899).
Franklinia gracilis, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 376 (1889) ; id.

ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 240 (1889) ; SharpCy

Hand-l. iv. p. 200 (1903).

The eggs of Franklin's Wren-Warbler are of an oval form, some
being pointed and others somewhat blunt. They are very glossy.
They are of two types of coloration, and these are about equally
represented by the specimens in the Collection. In the first, the
eg^ is of a plain greenish-blue colour, absolutely unmarked. In
the second, the ground is greenish blue, speckled and spotted with
chestnut and reddish brown, generally very thickly at the broad
end, where the markings form a cap or zone, and sparingly else-
where. The eggs measure from -53 to -62 in length, and from -4
to '45 in breadth.

2.

India.

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Delhi, 12th March ( C. T. Bingham).

Crowle}^ Bequest.

24.

Central India.

Hume Coll.

3.

Seoni, C. Provs.,

16th Aug.

Hume Coll.

1.

Seoni, 17th Aug.

Hume Coll.

1.

Seoni, 20th Aug.

Hume Coll.

4.

Seoni, 2l8t Aug.

Hume Coll.

2.

Seoni, 23rd Aug.

Hume Coll.

1.'

Seoni, 23rd Aug.

Hume Coll.

FRAXKLINIA. 197

4. Seoni, 26th Aug. Hume Coll.

5. Raipur, C. Provs., 12th July. Hume Coll.

6. Raipur, 12th July. Hume Coll.
1. Raipur, 7th Aug. Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, Burma, 19th Aug. {E. W. Gates CoU.

Gates).
4. Margherita, Assam, 25th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esc[. [P.].

Franklinia rufescens (Blyth).

Prinia beavani, Wald. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 551.

Cisticola beavani, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 255 (1883) ; JSehrk.

Kat. EiersammL p. h^ (1899).
Franklinia rufescens, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind.^ Birds, i. p. 377 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 242 (1889) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 200 (1903).

The eggs of Beavan's Wren- Warbler are of a regular oval shape
and possess a considerable amount of gloss. One e^g in the
Collection is of a plain greenish-blue colour. The others have the
ground of this same colour, but are speckled and spotted with
chestnut. The markings are thinly scattered over the shell, except
at the broad end, where they are confluent and form a well-marked
zone. Specimens measure from -b^ to -61 in length, and from
•45 to -47 in breadth.

3. Dibrughur, Assam, 3rd June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

3. Dibrughur, 3rd June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].

3. Dibrughur. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
1. Pegu, 29th June {E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.

4. Pegu, 1st July {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.

1. Pegu, 25th July {E. W. O.): Oates Coll.

2. Pegu, 25th July {E. W. O. : See- Crowley Bequest.

bohm Coll.).

Franklinia buchanani {Blijth).
(Plate IX. fig. 17.)

Cisticola buchanani, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 246 (1883) ; Nehrk.

Kat. EiersammL p. 55 (1899).
Franklinia buchanani, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 378 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests Sr Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 243 (1889) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 200 (1903).

The eggs of the Rufous-fronted Wren-Warbler vary from a
narrow to a broad oval shape and are fairly glossy. They are
greyish white, sometimes with a slight tinge of green, thickly
speckled all over, but most densely at the larger end, with reddish
brown in some specimens, purplish brown in others, and underlying
dull purple or lilac. The markings are generally minute, but on
many examples they are intermingled with spots or small blotches,
especially at the large end, where they are frequently confluent
and form a cap or zone. The density of the speckling varies
greatly in different specimens. The eggs measure from, '55 to '65.
in length, and from -43 to '52 in breadth.

198 SYLVIID^.

18. Hansi, Punjab, Aug. Hume Coll.

3. Delhi, 26th June [C. T. Bingham). Hume Coll.
2. Delhi, 4th Oct. {C. T. B.). Hume Coll.

25. North-west Provinces. Hume Coll.

1. Chunar, 20th June ( W. E. Brooks). Hume Coll.

6. Mirzapur ( W. E. B. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

4. Allahabad. Hume Coll.

5. Jhansi. Hume Coll.
1. Hoshungabad, C. Provs. Hume Coll.

Genus LATICILLA, Blyth.

Laticilla bumesi {Blyth).

(Plate IX. fig. 20.)

Laticilla bumesi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 119 (18S3) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 380 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8r
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 247 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 200(1903).

The eggs of the Long-tailed Grass- Warbler are of a rather blunt
oval shape, and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. They are
white in some cases, pale green in others, densely spotted and
blotched with umber-brown and lavender or with brownish chest-
nut and lavender. The markings are generally coarse and confluent
at the broad end. Specimens measure from '71 to "82 in length,
and from '53 to "57 in breadth.

2. Eastern Narra, Sind {S. Doig). Hume CoL

2. Eastern Narra, 11th March {S. B.). Hume Coll.

2. Eastern Narra, 8th April [S. D.). Hume Coll.

2. Eastern Narra, 3rd June (S. D.). Hume Coll.

Genus NESILLAS, Oberhoher.
Nesillas typica (Hartl.).

Ellisia typica, E. Newton, Ibis, 1863, p. 343, pi. xiii. fig. 6 ; Coioan, Proc.

R. Phys. Soc. Edinb. vii. p. 148 (1882) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii.

p. 120 (1883) j Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 62 (1899)
Ellisia madagascariensis typica, Milne-Edivards i^- Grandidier, Hist. Nat.

Madag., Ois. i. p. 329, pi. 303. figs. 1, 1 a (1879).
NesiUas typica, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 201 (1903).

The eggs of Hartlaub's Warbler are of the same type as those of
Hypolais hypolais and its allies. They are of a greyish-pink colour,
marked with spots, streaks, blotches, and twisted lines of deep
purplish brown and lavender-grey. On some specimens the lines
are numerous and wind about the broader half of the shell, much
as in some of the eggs of the Buntings. Other specimens are
blotched and clouded with brownish pink, the dark markings and
lines of purplish brown being nearly entirely absent. Specimens
measure from '77 to '87 in length, and from '55 to 'Qb in breadth.

NESILLAS. — MEGALURFS. 199

21. Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.].

10. Madagascar. Crowley Bequest.

1. Madagascar {E. Newton : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).

Nesillas lantzi (Grandid.),

EUisia madagascariensis, var. lantzii, Milne-Edioards 8^ Grandidier^ HisL
Nat. Madag., Ois. i. p. 330, pi. 303. ligs. 2, 2 a (1879). '^

Ellisia lantzii, Cowan, Proc. R. Pkijs. Soc. Edinb. vii. p. 148 (1882).

Ellisia lantzi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 121 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. b'2 (1899).

Nesillas lantzi, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 201 (1903).

The eggs of Lantz's Warbler are very similar to those of
N. typica, but they have a much darker greyish-piiik ground, the
markings are less frequent, and in many specimens the twisted
lines are altogether absent. Nine examples measure from '77 to
•85 in length, and from "58 to '63 in breadth.

9. Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.].

Genus SPILOPTILA. Sundev.
Spiloptila ocularis {A. Smith).

Drymoeca ocularia, Ayres,Ibis, 1871, p. 101 j Sharpe, ed. Layard^s Birds

S. Africa, p. 256 ^875-84).
Spiloptila ocularia, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 232 (1883) ; Nehrk,

Kat. Eiersamml. p. b5 (1899) ; Stark ^ Sclater, Fauna S. AfricUy

Birds, ii. p. 138 (1901).
Spiloptila ocularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 201 (1903).

The eggs of the Rufous-eared Grass- Warbler are, according to
Stark, of a pale bluish-green colour, rather thickly blotched with
pale reddish brown. Those in the Collection, however, taken by
Layard, are quite plain, one being of a pale blue colour and two
others of a bluish- white colour. They are of a blunt oval form
and glossy. Two examples measure respectively : -63 by -49 ;
•58 by -46.

1. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.J.

2. South Africa {E. L. Layard : Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tra7n Coll.).

Genus MEGALURUS, Eorsf,

Megalurus palustris, Rorsf.

Megalurus palustris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 123 (1883) ; OateSy
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 383 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 6f
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 249 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 52
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 202 (1903).

The eggs of the Striated Marsh-Warbler vary much in shape,
some being narrow ovals, others broad ovals, and others again

200

SZLVIID.^.

spheroidal. They exhibit a small amount of gloss. The ground
colour is white, and this in some cases is densely speckled, in
others speckled, mottled, and streaked, with purplisli brown, umber-
brown, and underlying lavender. The markings are more closely
set together at the broad end than elsewhere, and sometimes form
an irregular cap. Examples measure from -8 to -92 in length, and
from '62 to '68 in breadth.

Hoshungabad, India, 4th May
{JE. C. Nimn).

Calcutta, 7th May.

Dibrugurh, Assam, 3rd April (J". R.
Cripps).

Dibrugurh, 3rd May {J. R. C).

Sadiya, Assam, 29th May {Cock-
burn).

Wau, Pegu, 19th May {E. W.
Oates).

Pegu, 19th May (K IV. O.).

Pegu, 19th May {E. W. O. : See-
bohm Coll.).

Java.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Megalurus gramineus {Gould),

Sphonoeacus gramineus, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 400 (1865).
Megalurus gramineus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 125 (1883) ; North,

Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 146 (1887) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 52 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 224, pi. 10

(1901) ; Shwye, Hatid~l. iv. p. 202 (1903).

The eggs of the Little Australian Grass-Warbler are of a blunt
oval form and almost devoid of gloss. They are pinkish white,
densely speckled and mottled with reddish brown, purplish red and
underlying lavender. In some examples the markings are ex-
tremely dense round the larger end and form a broad zone. In
others they are evenly distributed over the shell. Specimens
measure from -7 to -75 in length, and from -52 to '58 in breadth.

South Australia.
Melbourne {W. Bridge)-).
Melbourne {W. B.: Tristram Coll.)

interburv, N.l

{A. J. North).
Albert Park, Victoria, 30th Nov,

{A. J. N).
Tasmania (E, D. Atkinson).

Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Megalurus ruficeps, Tweedd.

(Plate IX. fig. 19.)

Megalurus ruficeps, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 125 (1883) ; Sf^ere,
List Birds ^- Mamm. Vhilipp. p. 20 (1890) ; Grant 8f Whitehead,

MEGALTJEIJS. SCHCENICOLA. 201

Ibis, 1898, p. 240, pi. v. %. 7 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 53, taf. ii.
ii|j. 10 (1899) ; Sliarpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 202 (1903).

The eggs of the llufous-headed Marsh- Warbler in the Collection
are of a blunt oval shape and rather glossy. They are pinkish
white, very finely and densely freckled all over with pinkish brown
and lilac. The markings are denser at the larger end than else-
where, and form an ill-defined zone or cap at that poYt. Five
examples measure respectively ; -82 by '6 ; -84 by -^2 ; -86 by 64 ;
•8 by -6; -81 by -6.

3. Marinduque, Philippine Islands, Steere Exped.

8th May.
2. Marinduque, May (AS^eercjEr^ec?.}. Crowley Bequest.

Megalurus macrurus (Salvad.).

Megalurus macrurus. Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 126 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 53 (1899) j Sharpe, JIand-l. iv. p. 202 (^1903J.

An egg of the Long-tailed Grass-Warbler in the Collection is of
a regular oval shape and fairly glossy. It is of a greyish-pink
colour, speckled and blotched, chiefly at the broad end, with rich
brownish purple and lavender. There are also a few hair-lines
mingled with the other markings. It measures -88 by 'Q2.

The three eggs from New Guinea also referred to this species
are of an entirely diff'erent type ; the ground-colour is pinkish white,
densely speckled all over with rich brownish purple, especially
toward the larger end, where the markings unite into cloudy
blotches. They measure -9 to '95 by -60 to -64.

1. New Britain {Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

3. JSouth-eastern New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].

Genus SCHCENICOLA, Blijth.
Schcenicola platyura (Jerd.).

Schoenicola platyura, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 110 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 384 (1889) ; id. ed. Hmne, Nests ^
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 251 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 203 (1903).

The eg^ of the Broad-tailed Grass-Warbler in the Collection is
of a very broad oval form and fairly glossy. It is white, densely
speckled and blotched with dull chestnut-brown and pale under-
lying lavender. At the broad end the markings are denser and
more or less confluent. The example measures '73 by '6.

1. Belgaum, India, 19th Sept. Hume Coll.

(E.A.Butler).

202

STLVIIDiE.

Genus BRADYPTERUS, Swains.
Bradypterus "brachypterus ( Vieill.).

Bradypterus tracliypterus, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 286
(1875-84); Butler, Feilden ^ Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 245; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 113 (1883) ; Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa,
Birds, ii. p. 99 (1901; ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 204 (1903).

The eggs of the Stripe-throated Reed-Warbler in the Collection
are of a blunt oval form and moderately glossy. They are of a
greenish-white colour, thickly spotted and mottled, especially at the
broader end, with reddish brown and lavender. They measure
respectively : -9 by 'Q2 ; -8 by -62.

2. Cape of Good Hope {Miss Dacres : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

Genus CH^TORNIS, Gray.

Chsetornis locustelloides (Blyih).

(Plate IX. fig. 18.)

Chaetornis locustelloides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 130 (1883) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Fid., Birds, i. p. 388 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Fggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 252 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 53 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv, p. 205 (1903).

The eggs of the Bristled Grass-Warbler are of a regular oval
form and but very slightly glossy. They are white, with a tinge of
pink, speckled and spotted, more densely at the larger end than
elsewhere, with pinkish brown, lilac-red, and lavender. They
measure from '76 to -85 in length, and from '57 to -62 in breadth.

1. Deesa, Central India, 18th May Hume Coll.

{E. A. Butler).

4. Faridpur, Bengal, 23rd May Hume Coll.

(J. B. Cripps).

4. Faridpur, 27th May (J. R. C). Hume Coll.

3. Faridpur, 28th May {J. R. C). Hume Coll.

Genus CALAMOCICHLA, Sharpe.
Calamocichla newtoni (Hartl).

Calamoherpe newtoni, F. Newton, Ibis, 1863, p. 344, pi. xiii. fig. 3 ;

Coioan, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Fdinb. vii. p. 148 (1882).
Calamodyta newtonii, Milne-Fdwards Sj- Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag.,

Ois. p. 336, pi. 303. fi^^ 4 (1879).
Calamocichla newtoni, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 131 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 53 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 205

(1903).

The eggs of Newton's Grass-Warbler are of an ordinary oval
form and but very slightly glossy. They are of a pale greyish-

CALA.M0CICHL1. — ARrNDINAX. 203

green colour, blotched all over with two shades of brown and with
purplish grey or lavender. Three examples measure respectively :
'86 by -62 ; -83 by -59 ; -78 by -6.

2. Tamala Country, Madagascar Crowley Bequest.

( W. Deans Cowan).

1. Betsileo, Madagascar. Crowley Bequest.

Calamociclila leptorhyncha (Fisch. Sf Reichenow).

(Plate X. fig. 1.)

Turdinus leptorhynchus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 546 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 63 (1899).
Calamocichla leptorhyncha, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 206 (1903).

The eggs of the East-African Grass- Warbler are of a regular oval
form and without gloss. The colour is very pale grey, with numerous
spots and dots of olive-brown and lavender-grey. In one specimen
the markiugs mostly appear as very pale lavender-grey blotches,
with a few spots of light brown. They measure from '71 to '72 in
length, and from -51 to -54 in breadth.

2. East Africa. Crowley Bequest.
2. Zanzibar. Crowley Bequest.

Genus ORIGMA, Gould,
Origma rubricata {Lath.).

Origma rubricata, Ramsay, Ibis, 1863, p. 445 ; Gould, Handh. Birds
Austr. i. p. 385 (1865) ; Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. vii. p. 135 (1883) ;
North, Nests 8f Egys Austr. Birds, p. 142, pi. xiii. lig. 8 (1887);
Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 226 (19U1) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 207 (19U3).

The e^^ of the Rock-Warbler in the Collection is of an oval
shape, slightly glossy and pure white. It measures '86 by -6.

1. New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay). Gould Coll.

Genus ARUNDINAX, Blyth.

Arundinax aedon (Pall.).

(Plate X. fig. 7.)

Arundinax aedon, I'acz. J.f. O. 1872, p. 353; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind.,
Birds, i. p. 390 (1889) ; Tacz. Faune Orn. SibSr. Orient, p. 227
(1891) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 207 (1901).

Arundiaax olivacea, Tacz. J.f. O. 1873, taf, i. fig. 1.

Lusciniola aedon, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 121 (1881) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 3ei (1899).

The eggs of the Thick-billed Warbler in the Collection are of a
regular oval form and very glossy. They are purplish grey, mottled
with a darker shade of the same and marked with numerous thin,

204 SYLVIID^.

blackish hair-lines and streaks, like the eggs of some of the Buntings.
They measure -87 to -9 in length, and -6 to -65 in breadth.

2. Lake Baikal, Siberia, 7th July Seebohm Coll.

{Dybowski).

3. Dauria, June {Dyhowski : Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.).

Genus HYPOLAIS, Brehm,
Hypolais hypolais {Linn.).

Sylvia hypolais, Thien. Fortpjlanz, ges. Vog. p. 168, tab. xix. fig. 13, a-d

(1845-54).
Hypolais salicaria, Baedeker, Eler Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 1 (1855-63).
Sylvia icterina, Bree, Birds Eur. ii. p. 58 (1867).
liypolais icterina, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 521 (1874); Seebohm, Cat.

Birds B. M. v. p. 77 (1881).
Hypolais hypolais, Seeholim, Brit. Birds, i, p. 381, pi. 10 (1883) ; id.

Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 198, pi. 52. fig. 10 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv'. p. 207 (1903).

The eggs of the Icterine Tree-Warbler are of a regular oval form
and possess a small amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies from
greyish pink to pale brownish pink or salmon-pink, and is marked
rather sparingly with spots of deep purplish brown or black. The
spots on some specimens are very small, on others large, but they
are always well-defined. A few examples are also marked with
short lines and streaks, while others are covered with very fine
lines which run over the shell in all directions and resemble the
lines of a cobweb. The underlying markings are obsolete and
often absent. Specimens measure from "67 to -81 in length, and
from "51 to -56 in breadth.

1. Boulogne, France. L. II. Sitwell, Esq. [P.].

5, Elheuf, France, 4th June (A''o?«-_y; Seebohm Coll.

Hargitt Coll.).

3. Foret de Bord, Elbeuf {Nourg : Seebohm Coll.

Hargitt Coll.).

3. Holland {J. Baker). Crowley Bequest.

5. Valkenswaard, Holland (J". 5.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Yalkenswaard, 28th May {H. Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm).
16. Valkenswaard. Crowley Bequest.

6. V omQYQx\m {T. Kri'qwr). Seebohm Coll.

4. Cassel, Germany, 30th May Seebohm Coll.

{T.Holland).

5. Moscow, 2nd June {Lorenz). Seebohm Coll.

Hypolais polyglotta (Fi^iZ/.).

Ilippolais polyglotta, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 306; Tristram, to7n. cit.

p. 418.
Hypolais polvglotta. Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 517 (1874) ; Bree, Bifdg

Eur. 2nd ed. ii. p. 150, pi. (3875) ; Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v.

p. 79 (1881) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 208 (1903).

IDUNA. 205

Hypolais salicaria, Lilford, Ibis, 1866, p. 187.
Ficedula polyglotta, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 213.

The eggs of the Melodious Tree- Warbler do not diJBfer in any
respect from those of H. hypolais.

5. [Spain.] Crowley Bequest.^

4. Spain. Lord Lilford [P.].

5. Malaga, Spain, 18th May {A. Seebohm Coll.

Riiiz).

8, Malaga, 2oth May {A. R.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Malaga, 31st May {A. B.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Malaga, 12th June {A. B.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Malaga, 2oth June (A. R.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Malaga, 16th May {H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

3. Malaga, 24th May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Malaga, 26th June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Seville, Spain {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Seville [H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Seville (//. S.). ^ ' Seebohm Coll.

4. Chemora, Algeria, 26th May (0. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin).

3. Chemora, 27th May (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Chemora, 29th May (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Chemora, 1st June (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Chemora, 2nd June (0. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Chemora, 8th June (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
7. Chemora, 26th May {H. B. Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tra7n).

Genus IDUNA, Bonap.
Iduna olivetorum (Gould).

Sylvia olivetorum, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. p. 171, tab. xix. fig. 14, a-c

(1846-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. ii. p. 49, pi. (1867).
Chloropeta olivetorum, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 3

(1855-63).
Hypolais olivetorum. Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 527 (1874) ; Bree, Birds

Eur. 2nd ed. ii. p. 141, pi. (1875) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v.

p. 79 (1881).
Iduna olivetorum, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 208 (1903).

The eggs of the Olive-tree Warbler are of quite the same cha-
racter as those of Hypolais hypolais and H. polygloUa, but they are
larger and have the ground-colour rather paler. It is noteworthy,
however, that in the comparatively large series of the eggs of
this species in the Collection, not one shows any indication of the
cobweb-like combination of fine lines frequently found on the eggs
of the other two species. At best there are only a few short
detached lines on a few examples. A series of specimens measures
from '8 to -85 in length, and from -55 to '6 in breadth. A remarkably
small egg measures only '67 by '53.

1. Greece. Old Collection.

6. Athens, 1st June (r. ^n7^?er). Seebohm Coll.

20f)

SYLVIIDJE.

5. Athens, 1st Jnne [T. Krilper). Seebohm Coll.

5. Athens, Ist June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Attica, 26th May {T. K.). Seebohm Coll,

5. Attica, 1st June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Attica, 2nd June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Smyrna, 22nd May ( T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Smyrna, 25th May (T.X). Seebohm Coll.
5. Smyrna, 17th June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

Iduna languid a {Hempr. Sf Ehr.).
(Plate X. fig. 2.)

Hypolais upcheri, Tristram, Ibis, 1867, pp. 81, 82.

Hypolais languida, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 635 (1874) ; Blanford, East.

Persia, ii. p. 183 (1876) ; Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 80 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 32 (1899).
Iduna languida, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 208 (1903).

The eggs of TJpcher's Tree- Warbler have the ground-colour pale
pinkish grey, and are sparingly marked all over with rounded spots
and dots of purplish black and faint lavender. The average
measurement is '76 by -55.

Palestine, May and June {H. B.

Tristram).
Palestine, 4th June {H. B. T.).
Jericho, 12th May.
Sisakt, S.W. Persia, 30th May.

Crowley Bequest.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

H. F. Witherby, Esq. [P.].

Idnna pallida (Hempr. Sf Ehr.).

Sylvia elaica, Thien. Fortjrfianz. ges. Voq. p. 170, tab. xix. fig. 15, a-c

(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. ii. p. 54, pi. (1867).
Chloropeta elaeica, Baedeker, Eier Evr. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 4 (1855-63).
Hypolais elaica, Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 82 ; Bi^eei, Birds Eur. 2nd ed.

ii. p. 145, pi. (1875).
Hypolais pallida, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 537 (1874) ; Seebohm, Cat.

Birds B. M. v. p. 82 (1881) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i.

p. 392 (1889).
Iduna pallida, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 208 (1903).

The eggs of the Olivaceous Tree-Warbler are of a pale pinkish-
grey colour, marked in the same manner as those of /. olivetoruni.
The markings, however, are on the whole rather smaller, and
there is a general absence of lines. Measurements vary from
•64 to '73 in length, and from -47 to '55 in breadth.

2.

Macedonia, 10th June ( T. Xriiper).

Seebohm Coll,

6.

Nymphion, Greece, 4th
{T.K.).

June

Seebohm Coll.

2.

Athens, 26th May (T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Athens, 1st June {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Athens, 1st .Tune {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll,

5.

Athens, 1st June {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Athens, 2nd June {T. K).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Athens, 8th June {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

ID UN A.

207

4. Athens, 19th June (r. A'.).

2. Turkey {Robson).

3. Jericho, 16th April {H. B.

Tristram).

3. Jericho, 16th April.

6. Jericho, 16th April {H. B. T.]

5. Fao, Persian Gulf.

6. Fao.

4. Fao.

2. Sudan, 28th May.

2. Sudan, 29th May.

Seebohm Coll.

Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Canon Tristram [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
W. D. Cumming, JSsq. [P.].
W. D. Cumming, Esq. [P,J.
W. D. Cumming, Esq. fP. |.
Col. W. Verner [P.].
Col. W. Verner [P.].

Iduna opaca (Cab.).

Hippolaia polyglotta (nee V.), Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 306.
Hippolais pallida {nee H. ^ E.), Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 418.
Chloropeta elaica {nee Linderm.), Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 214.
Hypolais opaca, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 531 (1874) ; Seebohm, Cat.

Birds B. M. v. p. 83 ( 1881).
Iduna opaca, Sharpe, Hand- 1, iv. p. 208 (1903).

The eggs of the Western Olivaceous Tree- Warbler resemble those
of /. pallida^ but are somewhat larger, measuring from '7 to '78 in
length, and from -52 to -59 in breadth.

Malaga, Spain, 24th May {H.
Saunders).

Malaga, 13th June {H. S.).

Malaga, 18th June (H. S.).

Malaga, 28tb May {A. Ruiz).

Malaga, 4th June {A. R.).

Malaga, 7th June {A. R. : Har-
gitt Coll.).

Andalucia {A. R. : Hargitt Coll.).

Chemora, Algeria, 1st June (O.
SaJ^vin).

Chemora, 1st June (//. B. Tris-
tram).

Lake Hallonla, Algeria {H. B. T.).

Lake Halloula, 11th June {H.
B. T.).

Lake Halloula, June {H. B. T.).

Kohat Forest, Algeria, 20th May
{H. B. T.).

Algeria {H. B. T).

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Idnna rama {Syhes).

Hypolais rama. Dresser, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 655, pi. Ixxix. ; Seebohm, Cat.

Birds B. M. v. p. 84 (1881) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i.

p. 391 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8,- Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 254

(1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 32 (1899).
Iduna rama, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 208 (1903).

The eggs of Sykes's Tree-Warbler are of a broad and pointed
oval shape and exhibit little or no gloss. They are of a creamy-

208 SYLVITDJ^.

white colour, smeared and blotched with lavender-grey and marked
with black specks, spots, small blotches, and twisted hair-lines.
The markings sometimes extend over the whole shell, but more
frequently they are almost entirely confined to the broader half of
the egg. The black hair-lines are wanting in some specimens.
Examples measure from -57 to -65 in length, and from '45 to -52
in breadth.

5. Shiraz, Persia, 4th May. F. (Tillett, Esq. [P.].

49. Eastern Narra, Sind, March to Hume Coll.
July (S. Doig)*

Iduna caligata {Licht.

Locustella sahcaria, Tacz. J.f. O. 1872, p. 355; 1873, taf. i. fig. 2.
Acrocephalus caligata, i?ree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed, iii. p, 11, pi. (1875).
Hypolais caligata, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 541 (1875) ; Seebohm, Cat.

Birds B. M. v. p. 85 (1881); Oates, Fauna Brit. Lid., Birds, i.

p. 393 (1889) ; ^'ehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 32 (1899).
Iduna caligata, Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 208 (1903).

The eggs of the Booted Tree-Warbler are much smaller than
those of Hypolais hj/polais and R. polyglotta, but are of precisely the
same colour and marked in a similar manner. They measure from
•58 to '66 in length, and from -45 to '5 in breadth.

6. Moscow, 24th May (Lorenz). Seebohm Coll.

6. Moscow, 29th May {Lorenz). Seebohm Coll.

3. [Russia.] Crowley Bequest.

5. Omsk {Slovzqff). Seebohm Coll.

6. Kirghiz Steppes, July (Hejike). Seebohm Coll.
6. Kirghiz Steppes, July (Renke). Seebohm Coll.

Genus SYLVIA, Scop.

Sylvia nisoria (Bechst.).

Sylvia nisoria, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Viig. p. 176, tab. xx. fig. 3, a~c
(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. ii. p. 22, pi. (18(57), 2nd ed. ii. p. 115,
pi. (1875) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 435 (1874) ; Seebohm,
Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 6 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 387, pi. 10
(1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 199, pi. 52. fig. 11 (1896).

Adophoneus nisorius, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 51. fig. 14 (1855-63) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 209 (1903),

Nisoria undata, Tristram, Ibis, 1867, pp. 75, 86.

In the majority of the characteristic eggs of the Barred Warbler,
the pale bluish-grey or neutral-tint markings underlie the dull
greyish or butfish-white ground-colour, and there is no surface-
pattern, or only a few very pale and obscure spots. But occasionally
the overlying markings are present and conspicuous, in the shape

* These eggs cannot be separated into clutches, but Mr. Doig states that' a
clutch generally consists of four eggs.

STLVIV, 209

of blotches and clouds of pale brown and lavender-grey. Both
kinds are generally concentrated on the broader half of the egg,
forming themselves into a rough zone. In shape the eggs do not
vary much, being of a pointed oval form ; they are dull in texture ;
they measure from "80 to '89 in length, and from '60 to 'Qo in
breadth. ,^

2. Germany. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Germany (Tris^/'^m Co//.). Crowley Bequest.

5. Germany {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

5. Berlin. Seebohm Coll.

6. Berlin, 5th June {T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.

4. Cilli, Styria, 26th June (Ji!. Set- Crowley Bequest.
densacher : Tristram Coll.).

3. Cilli, 26th June {K S. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

4. Kiev, Russia, 28th May. Seebohm Coll.
4. Kiev, 30th May. Seebohm Coll.

4. Turkey {Rohson). Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].

6. Lebanon, 20th May {J. H. Coch- Seebohm Coll.

rane) .

6. Altai Mountains (7««cr^). Crowley Bequest.

Sylvia sylvia {Linn.).
(Plate VIII. fig. 11.)

Sylvia cinerea, Thie7i. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 179, tab. xx. fig. 6, a-e
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 51. fig. 9 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Bir'ds, i. p. 130, pi. xxxv. figs, i & ii
(3856); Tristram, lbis,lS67, p. 84; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 212;
Seebohm, Cat Birds B. M. v. p. 8 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 405,
pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 202, pi. 62. fig. 16 (1896).

Sylvia rufa, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 377 (1876).

Sylvia sylvia, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 209 (1903).

Eggs of the Common Whitethroat in the large series in the
Collection vary from a pointed to a blunt oval shape and are slightly
glossy. The ground-colour ranges from pale buff to pale grey
and from greenish-white to pale green. The markings consist of
specks, spots, and blotches of various shades of grey, olive-brown,
olive-green, umber- brown, and underlying lavender, and whereas in
many examples these are evenly distributed over the whole shell,
in others they are chiefly confined to the broader half of the ^g^.,
where they are often confluent and form a dense cap or zone.
Some eggs are comparatively faintly marked, others have the
markings very dark. Specimens measure from '65 to '8 in length,
and from '5 to -6 in breadth.

5. Lochend, near Inverness, 1st June Seebohm Coll.

{Hargitt Coll.).

5. England. Old Collection.

5. Norfolk, 15th May {F. Norgate). Seebohm Coll.

5. Norfolk, 17th May (>. N.). Seebohm Coil.

VOL. IV. V

210

BYLVIID^.

Norfolk, 31st May {F. Norgate).

Cambridgeshire.

Cambridge, 19th May (O. Salvin).

Cambridge, 23rd May (O. S.).

Haddenham, Cambridge, 23rd May.

Taplow, Berkshire.

Taplow.

Berkshire, 13th May.

Maidenhead, 4th May.

Near Bentley, Hants, 21st May
{Hargitt Coll.).

Near Bentley, 2nd July {Har-
gitt Coll.).

Alton, Hants.

Alton.

Finchley, Middlesex (O. Salvin).

Caen Wood, Finchley, 11th June
{O.S.).

Epping Forest, Essex.

Tilford, Surrey.

Churt, Surrey.

Churt.

Sweden.

Valkenswaard, Holland, 28th May
{C. B. Wharton ^ H. SeeboJun).

Valkenswaard, 28th May ( W. ^' S.).

Elbeuf, France {Noury : Hargitt
Coll.).

Seville, Spain {H. Saunders).

Parnassus, Greece, 6th May
{H. Seehohm Sj- T. Kriiper).

Parnassus, 17th May [H. S. 8f T. K.]

Smyrna, 22nd May {T. Kriipei').

Galilee, 4th April {H. B. Tris-
tram).

Plain of Gennesaret, 4th April
{H. B. T.).

Mount Tabor, 5th April {E. Bart-
lett : Tristram Coll.).

Kadesh Naphthali, 18th May
{H. B. T.).

Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
S. O. Sahlin, Esq,
Seebohm Coll,

[P.].

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Sylvia icterops, Mmetr.

Sylvia cinerea, var. fuscipilea, Severtzow, J.f. O. 1876, p. 177.
Sylvia fuscipilea, Seehohm, Ibis, 1884, p. 427.
Sylvia icterops, Shar]pe, Hand-l. iv. p. 209 (1903).

The e^g's, of the Eastern Whitethroat do not differ from those of
the common species, and the dimensions are the same.

3. Altai Mountains, May.

4. Altai Mountains.

Crowley Bequest,
Crowley Bequest.

SYLVIA.

211

Sylvia simplex, Lath.
(Plate YIII. fig. 13.)

Sylvia hortensis, Thien. Fortj)flanz. ges. Vog. p. 175, tab. xx. fig. 2, a-e

(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 128, pi. xxxiv.

figs, iii, iv (1856); Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 10 (1881) ; id.

Brit. Birds, i. p. 4(X), pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 201,

pi 52. figs. 12, 13 (1896).
Curruca hortensis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 51. fig. 11 (1855-63).
Sylvia salicaria, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 429 (1876).
Sylvia simplex, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 209 (1903).

The eggs of the Garden-Warbler are of a somewhat pointed oval
form and possess a considerable amount of gloss. They vary much
in coloration. The ground-colour is sometimes pure white, but
more commonly it ranges from creamy white to greenish white.
In one type the markings consist of clouds and smudges of pale
underlying lavender and yellowish brown, and some surface-spots
and lines of deep umber-brown. In another type the surface-spots
and lines are absent, and the shell is thickly blotched and smudged
with yellowish brown and underlying lavender. In a third type the
umber-brown surface- markings preponderate and the underlying
markings are comparatively few and faint. In a fourth type, an
unusual one, the ground-colour is salmon-pink, clouded with pinkish
brown and spotted with umber-brown. Specimens measure from
•7 to '85 in length, and from -52 to 'Q2 in breadth.

4.
1.
3.

2.
6.
1.
4.
6.
4.

11.
6.
5.
6.

CrieiF, Perthshire.

Brecon, Wales.

Cambridgeshire.

Cambridgeshire.

Norwich, 4th July.

Taplow, Berkshire.

Taplow, May.

Alton, Hants, May.

Finchley, Middlesex, 12th June

(O. S.).
Near London.
Churt, Surrey.
Churt.
Vosges Mts., France, May {Mougel:

Hargitt Coll.).
Elbeiif, Normandy {Noury : Hargitt

Coll.).
Elbeuf (iVowry ; Hargitt Coll).
Elbeuf, 20th May {Noury : Hargitt

Coll.).
Valkenswaard, Holland, 25th May

(JET. Seebohm).
Valkenswaard {H. S.).
Valkenswaard {H. S.).
Valkenswaard {H. S.).
Pomerania, 12tli June (7". Holland).
Reval, Baltic Provs., 17th June
(Russow).

W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq. [P.].
Capt. E. A. Swanson [P.],
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.J
Crowley Bequest.
Gould CoU.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coil.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

r2

212 syLviiDj5.

Sylvia rueppelli, Temm.

Sylvia rijppellii, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 187, tab. xxii. fig. 1, a, h
(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. ii. p. 26, pi. (1867), 2nd ed. ii. p. 119,
pi. (1875).

Curruca rueppelli, Baedeker, Bier Bur. Vog. lab. 51. fig. 13 (1855-63).

Sylvia rueppelli, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 417 (1874) ; SharpCj Hand-l.
iv. p. 209 (1903).

Sylvia rueppellii, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 12 (1881).

IsTone of the figures quoted above represents the egg of Rlippell's
Warbler correctly except the one in the second edition of Bree's
work *.

The specimens in the Collection are of a very regular oval form
and have a small amount of gloss. They are of a greyish-white
colour, closely mottled and streaked, very evenly all over, with
greenish brown. They measure -75 by '58, -7 by '57 respectively.

1. Greece (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

1. Nymphi, Asia Minor, 23rd May Seehohm Coll.

(jr. Kriiper).

Sylvia orpheus, Temm.

Sylvia orphea, Thien. JFortpJlanz. ges. Vog. p. 177, tab. xx. fig. \,a-c
(1845-54) ; IIeivitso?i, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 133, pi. xxxv. fig. iii
(1856) ; Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 306 ; Lilford, Ibis, 1866, p. 180 ; Tris-
tram. Ibis. 1867, p. 85 ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 212 ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. ii. p.'411 (1874).

Curruca orphea, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 51. fig. 10 (1855-63).

Sylvia oi-pheus, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 14 (1881) ; id. Brit.
Birds, i. p. 390, pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 200, pi. 52.
figs. 14, 15 (1896) ; Sliarpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 209 (1903).

The eggs of the Orphean Warbler are of a pointed oval shape and
generally very glossy. The ground is of an exceedingly pale greyish
or bluish-white colour, and the markings are of three types. In
one they consist of specks and small spots of lavender and olive-
brown, forming an ill-defined cap or zone at the larger end. In
another the whole shell, and especially the broader half, is covered
with blotches, clouds, and streaks of lavender and olive-brown. In
the third the two types of markings are combined, but, in addition,
there are numerous round spots of very deep umber-brown or black,
together with a few short lines and scrawls of the same colour. In
all three types, the markings are larger and more prominent at the
broad end than elsewhere. Examples measure from '72 to -91 in
length, and from -bb to -63 in breadth.

6. Near Castile, Spain. Lord Lilford [P.],

4. Malaga, Spain, 23rd May Seebohm Coll.

{H. Samiders).

3. Valencia, Spain {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

* [I have lately had the opportunity of examining a,considerable serieW of
the eggs of this species taken by Mr. F. 0. Selous in', Asia Minor. They
resemble the specimens in the Collection described above. — E. W. C]

STLTIA.

213

Italy.

Parnassus, Greece, 12th May (jff.

Seehohm Sf T. Krilper).
Parnassus, 19th May (11. S. ^ T. K.).
Parnassus, 21st May (If, S. Sf T. K.).
Parnassus, 21st May {H. S. ^ T. K.).
Parnassus, 21st May {R. S. ^ T. K.).
Delphi, Greece, 2nd May {H. S. ^

Delphi, 3rd May (ZT. .S'. ^ T. K.).
Delphi, 20th May {H. S. ^ T. K).
ymyrna {T. Kriiper).
Smyrna, 4th May (T. K).
Smyrna, 8th May {T. K.).
Smyrna, 12th May {T. K).
Smyrna, 13th May {T. K.).
Smyrna, 26th May \t. K.).
Smyrna, 30th May {T. K.).
Palestine, 6th June {H.B. Tristram).
Birket es Dan, Palestine, 16th May

{H. B. TX
Kafr Idiz, Gilead, 6th May {S. B. T.).
Mount Hermon, 4th June {H. B.T.).
Mount Hermon, 6th June {H. B. T.).
Cnemora, Algeria, 2nd June (O.

Salvin).
Ain Djendeli, Algeria, loth May

(O. ^.).
Ain Djendeli, 18th May (0. S.).
Ain Djendeli, 20th May (O. s').

Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

,A

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coil.
Seebohm Coll.
Canon Tristram [C.].
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sdlvin-Godman Coll.

Sylvia curruca {Linn.).

Sylvia curruca, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. p. 181, tab. xx. fig. 11, a-d
(1845-51); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 51. fig. 8 (1855-63)
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 132, pi. xxxv. fig. iv (1856)
Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 84 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 383 (1876)
Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 16 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 410
pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 203, pi. 52. fig. 20 (1896)
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 210 (1903).

The eggs of the Lesser Whitethroat are of a pointed oval form.
The amount of gloss on the shell is very variable, some specimens
being highly glossed and others wanting it. They are of a white or
greyish-white colour, blotched and spotted, chiefly at the large end,
where the markings generally form a zone or a cap, with olive or
greenish-brown, umber-brown, and underlying lavender. Many
specimens are marked in addition with some spots and lines of very
deep brown or black. They measure from '63 to "75 in length, and
from -49 to '5^ in breadth.

6. England.

6. Sheffield {H. Seebohm).

6. Cambridgeshire.

6. Cambridge, 23rd May.

5. Taplow, Berkshire.

Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.
r. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.

214

STLVIIDiE.

4. Taplow.

6. New Forest {H. Saunders).

5. Alton, Hants, May.

6. Hampstead, Middlesex (O. *S'.).
4. Finchley, Middlesex (0. 8.).

4. Churt, Surrey, May.
6. Churt, May.

5. Churt, June.

6. Valkenswaard, Holland, 23rd May

(C. B. Whart07i ^ H. Seebohm).
5. Pomerania, 27tli May {T. Holland).
5. Stolp, Pomerania, 5th June {T.H.).

3. Saxony ( Charhormier : Hargitt Coll.).

4. Parnassus, Greece, 16tli May {T.

Kriiper).
3. Lebanon, Palestine, 16th June

{H. B. Tristram).
2. Mount Hermon, 16th May (7/.^. T.).

Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Sylvia affinis, Blyth.
(Plate X. fig. 3.)

Sylvia affinis, Wardlaw-Ramsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 59; Seebohm, Cat. Birds
B. M. V. p. 19 (1881) ; Gates, Fauna Brit. Bid., Birds, i. p. 397
(1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds^ i. p. 257 (1889) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 210 (1903).

Sylvia curruca, Tacz. Faune Orn. Sibcr. Orient, i. p. 277, part. (1891).

The eggs of the Indian Lesser Whitethroat are not separable
from those of S. curruca. The specimeni? in the Collection measure
from 'Qb to "75 in length, and from -47 to -55 in breadth.

6. Astrachan. Seebohm Coll.

2. Afghanistan, 28th May {R. G. Seebohm Coll.
Wardlaiv-Ramsay) .

2. Afghanistan, 28th May {R. G. Seebohm Coll.

W.-R.).
4. Afghanistan, 28th May {R. G. Seebohm Coll.
W.-R.).

3. Afghanistan, 28th May {R. G. Seebohm Coll.

W.'R.).

1. Kashmir, 24th May {W. E. Brooks: Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

2. Kashmir, June (C R. Cock: Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.).

Sylvia mystacea, Menetr.

. (Plate X. fig. 4.)

Curruca momus, Hempr. 8f Flir. Symb. Rhys., Av. i. fol. bb (1833).

Sylvia momus, Dresser, B. Eur. ii. p. 407 (1880).

Sylvia rubescens, Blanf. Ibis, 1874, p. 77 ; id. East. Pers. ii. p. 177, pi. xii.

(1876).
Sylvia mystacea, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 20 (1881) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 210 (1903).

SYLVIA. 215

Five eggs of Bowman's Warbler are indistinguishable from those
of S. suhalpina belonging to the brown type. They are white,
thickly freckled all over with yellowish brown and underlying grey.
They measure -7 to -71 in length, by -52 to '54 in breadth.

5. Shiraz, Persia, 2nd May. H. F. Witherby, ^sq. [P.].

Sylvia conspicillata, Temm.

Sylvia conspicillata, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 182, tab. xx. fig. 8, «, h
(1845-54) ; Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 305 ; Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 417 ;
Wright, Ibis, 1864, p. 6S ; Bree, Birds Eur. ii. p. 38, pi. (1867) ;
2nd ed. ii. p. 132, pi. (1875) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 212 ; Dresser^
Birds Eur. ii. p. 393 (1875) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 22
(1881) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 210 (1903).

Stoparola conspicillata, Baedelzer, Bier Eur. Vog. tab. 51. fig. 6 (1855-63).

The eggs of the Spectacled Warbler are of a somewhat pointed
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are of a greenish-grey
colour, speckled and mottled with brown, which in some specimens
is pale, in others dark. The markings are usually evenly distributed
over the whole shell, but in a small number of specimens they form
a cap at the broad end. Examples measure from 'Q2 to 'QQ in
length, and from -48 to -51 in breadth.

6. Malaga, Spain {H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

4. Malaga, 5th May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Malaga, 6th June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Malta (C. ^. Wright). Crowley Bequest.

3. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 18th May Salvin-Godman Coll.

(O. Salvin).

4. Ain Djendeh, 19th May (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Ain i)jendeli, 14th May {H. B. Crowley Bequest.

Tristram).
4. Madracen, Algeria, 30th May Crowley Bequest.
{II. B. T.).

3. Madracen, 3rd June {H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.

Sylvia atricapiUa (Linn.).
(Plate YIII. figs. 10 & 14.)

Sylvia atricapilla, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 173, tab. xx. fig. 1, a-d
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 126, pi. xxxiv.
tigs, i, ii (1856); Godman, Ibis, 1866, p. 95; Saunders, Ibis, 1871,
p. 212 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 421 (1875) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds
B. M. V. p. 23 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 394, pi. 10 (1883) ;
Meade- Waldo, Ibis, 1893, p. 189; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds,
p. 201, pi. 62. figs. 17, 18, 19 (1896) ; Sliarpe, Handrl. iv. p. 211
(1903).

Curruca atricapilla, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 51. fig. 12 (1855-63) ;
Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 417.

The eggs of the Blackcap are mostly of a pointed oval form and
they are often very glossy. In the common type the ground-colour
varies from greyish white to grey, and this is smudged and mottled

21Q

SYLVIWM.

with olive-brown, yellowish brown, and underlying pale lavender.
Many specimens of this type are also spotted with deep umber-
brown. In another type the ground-colour is salmon-pink, smudged
and clouded with darker pink and grey and marked with spots and
lines of rich reddish brown. In a third type the shell is white,
prettily blotched and speckled with chestnut and pale lavender.
Comparatively few eggs of the Blackcap exhibit any well-defined
cap or zone at the larger end, the markings being generally evenly
distributed over the whole shell. They measure from '7 to '87 in
and from '56 to "6 in breadth.

length

Shropshire, 29th May.

Cambridgeshire.

Cambridgeshire.

Histon, Cambridge.

Bristol, 19th May.

Avington, Hampshire, May {H. B.

Sharpe : Hargitt Coll.).
Alton, Hampshire, June.
Finchley, Middlesex (O. Salvhi).
Finchley (O. ^.)-
Hampstead, Middlesex (O. S.).
Stanmore, Middlesex [Hargitt Coll.).
Churt, Surrey.
Churt, May.

Maidstone, Kent [Hargitt Coll.).
Vosges Mts., France (Nourg: Hargitt

Coll.).
Elbeuf, Normandy [Noury : Hargitt

Coll.).
Elbeuf, 1st May [Noury : Hargitt

Coll.).
Elbeuf [Noury: Hargitt Coll.).
Malaga, Spain, 28th May [H. Saun-
ders : Hargitt Coll.).
Malaga, 31st May.
Pomerania, 26th "^May [T. Holland).
romerania, 29th May [T. H.).
Pomerania, 4th June [T. H.).
Pomerania, 8th June [T. H.).
Pomerania, 10th June [T. H.).
Pomerania, 12tb June [T. H.).
Pomerania, 13th June (T. H.).
Pomerania, 13th June [T. H.).
Fayal, Azores, June [F. D. Godman).
Tenerife, Canary Islands, 19th

March.
Mustapba, Algeria, May [H. B.

Tristram).
Lake Halloula, Algeria, June

[H. B. T.).

Gould Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.],
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Dr. J. A. Norton [P.].
Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
E. G. Meade-Waldo,

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Esq.

Sylvia subalpina, Temm.

Sylvia passerina, Thien. Fortpfianz. ges. Vog. p. 183, tab. xx. fig. 9, rt"^6

(184o-o4).
Stoparola subalpina, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 51. fig. 7 (1855-63).

BTLVIA. MELIZOPHILUS, 217

Sylvia subalpina, Bree, Birds Eur. ii. p. 29, pi. (1867), 2nd ed. ii.
p. 122, pi. (1875) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 212 ; Dresser, Birds
Bur. ii. p. 389 (1875) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 27 (1881) ;
Whitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 33 ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 204,
pi. 53. figs. 3, 4 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 211 (1903).

The eg^^ of the Sub-alpine Warbler are of a broad oval form, a
few specimens being rather lengthened and others spheroidal. They
have very little gloss. The eggs are of two distinct types. In one,
the ground-colour is greyish or bluish white, thickly speckled and
mottled with pale brown or greenish brown and underlying lavender.
In the other, the ground-colour is pinkish white, thickly marked,
as in the first type, with reddish brown and pale lavender.
Three .examples, forming a clutch, differ from both the above tjpes
in being pure white, speckled and spotted, almost entirely at the
broad end, with dark umber-brown and pale lavender. Specimens
measure from '6 to '75 in length, and from "48 to '55 in breadth.

3. Madrid {H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

3. Madrid {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Malaga, 9th June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Corsica. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
2. Corsica. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
2. Corsica {J. Whitehead). Seebohm Coll.

4. Corsica, 6th May {J. W.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Corsica, 6th May \j. W.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Attica, Greece, 10th June {T. Seebohm Coll.

Krilper).

1. Parnassus, Greece, May (r. X.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Parnassus, 4th June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Parnassus, 10th June (7*. X.). Seebohm Coll.

1. Parnassus, 26th April (T. jr.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Parnassus, 26th May (T. A".). Crowley Bequest.
1. Lake Halloula, Algeria, June {H. B. Crowley Bequest.

Tristram).

Genus MELIZOPHILUS, Leach.

MelizopMlus melanocephalus (Gmel).

Sylvia melanocephala, Thien. Fvrtpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 186, tab. xx.
fig. 7, a, b (1845-54) ; Tristram, Ibis, 1860, p. 154 ; Bree, Birds
Eur. ii. p. 33, pi. (1867), 2nd ed. ii. p. 127, pi. (1875) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. ii. p. 401 (1874) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 29
(1881) ; Irby, Ibis, 1872, p. 199; id. Orn. Str. Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 54
(1895).

Pyrophthalma melanocephala, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 51. fig. 4
(1855-63).

Melizophilus melanocephalus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 212 (1903).

The eggs of the Sardinian Warbler are mostly of a pointed oval
shape and exhibit comparatively little gloss. In one type, the
ground-colour is greyish white or greenish white, profusely mottled
and speckled with olive-brown and underlying pale lavender. In
another, the ground-colour is white or pinkish white, thickly mottled
and spotted with lavender and reddish brown, the latter colour

218

SYLTIIDiE.

varying in tint in different clutches. In both these types the

markings are generally evenly spread over the shell. In a third

type, the ground-colour is nearly pure white, and the broader half
of the egg is thickly spotted and blotched with chestnut-brown
and lavender, the smaller half being very sparingly marked.
Measurements vary from "66 to '75 in length, and from '52 to
•56 in breadth.

2. Malaga, Spain {H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

4. Malaga, 2nd May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Malaga, 8th May {H. iS.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Malaga, 26th May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Malaga, 27th May (//. S.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Malaga, 29th May (II. S.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Malaga, 29th May (7/. S.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Malaga, 29th May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Malaga, 18th June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Malaga, 26th June (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

2. Malaga, 8th July (H. iS.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Valencia, Spain (.7^, Martin). Seebohm Coll.

5. Gibraltar {G. Dantez). Seebohm Coll.

3. Algeria {H. B. Tristram). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Kouba, Algeria, 20th April (ZT. ^. 7".). Crowley Bequest.

3. Algeria, 19th April {II. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.
2, Algeria, 21st April (i7. i^. r.). Crowley Bequest.

4. Algeria, 9th May {H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Algeria, June (77. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.

MellzopMlus undatus (Bodd.).

Sylvia provincialis, Thien. Fortiyfianz.ges. Vog. p. 184, tab. xx.fig. 10, «, h

(1845-54); Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 31 (1881); id. Brit.

Birds, i. p. 414, pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 204, pi. 63.

tig. 1 (1896)._
Melizophilus provincialis, i?«ef7eA:er,7^/^r^Mr. Fo^.tab. 51. fig. 3 (1855-63) ;

id. J. f. O. 1 856, p. 32, taf. i. fig. 4 ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i.

p. 143, pi. xxxvii. (1857) ; Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 418.
Melizophilus undatus, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 441 (1875) ; Shai'pe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 212 (1903).

The eggs of the Dartford Warbler are of a rather pointed oval
shape, and while some specimens exhibit a high gloss, others are
entirely devoid of it. The common type of egg of this species is
of a greyish or greenish-white colour, or, occasionally, of a pure
white colour, speckled and blotched with umber-brown and lavender.
In some examples the markings are small and distinct ; in others
they are coarse, frequently coalescing and forming a bold cap at the
broad end.

A clutch of eggs from Spain differs from the above in being of a
pinkish-white colour, speckled with chestnut, lilac-red, and lavender,
very densely at the broad end, where the markings form a cap.

Two specimens, forming another clutch, are of an olive-grsy
colour, mottled with lavender-grey and pale brown, and spotted,
in the case of one example, with umber-brown.

PHTLLOSCOPTJS.

219

The eggs vary from '64 to '72 in length, and from "49 to '53 in
breadth.

6, Alton, Hampshire (P. Crowley).

4. Wolmer Forest, 28th April.

3. Surrey.

4. Farnham, Surrey {K, Burton).
4. Farnham {H. £.).

0. Farnham [H. £.).

3. Farnham {F. Bond : Hargitt Coll.).

4. Churt, Surrey.

3. Churt.

5. Churt.

4. Churt {Hargitt Coll.).

8. Churt, March (P. Crowley).

4. Churt, May (P. C).

3. Churt.

2. Churt, May.

4. Churt.

4. Churt, June.

4. Churt, June.

4. Churt, June.

1. Kent.

4. Malaga, Spain, 24th April.

1. Boghar Forest, Algeria, 2nd June

{H. B. Tristram) .

1. Tunis ( F. -Bo<7o ; Tristram Coll.).

3. Tunis {v. B, : Tristram Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

Col. H. W. Feil^en, C.B. [P.].
Seebohm Coll. ^
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Montagu Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Genus PHYLLOSCOPUS, Boie.
Phylloscopus sibilatrix (Bechst.).

Sylvia sibilatrix, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. p. 166, tab. xix. fig. 11, a-d
(1845-54); Hewitson, JEggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 135, pi. xxxvi. fig. iii
(1856).

Phyllopnenste sibilatrix, Baedeker, Eier Fur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 6
(1855-63).

Phylloscopus sibilatrix. Dresser, Birds Fur. ii. p. 497 (1876) ; Seehohm^
Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 54 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 426, pi. 10
(1883) ; id. Fggs of Brit. Birds, p. 206, pi. 53. fig. 12 (1896).

Phylloscopus sibilator, Sharps, Hand-l. iv. p. 212 (1903).

The eggs of the Wood- Wren are mostly of a broad oval shape, a
few being spheroidal. They have a considerable amount of gloss.
The ground-colour is white, occasionally tinged with pink or grey,
speckled and streakily blotched with umber or purplish brown and
underlying lavender-grey. The markings are usually dense every-
where, but they are larger and frequently confluent at the broad
end. The eggs measure from '6 to -7 in length, and from -47 to
•54 in breadth.

6. Dunham Park, Altrincham

{F. Nicholson).
6. Cambridge.

Seebohm Coll.

F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

220

STLVIID^.

6. Cookliam, Berkshire. Gould Coll.

7. Finchley, Middlesex (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Bishop's Wood, Finchley (O. S.). Salvin-Godmau Coll.

5. Bishop's Wood, 30th May (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Caen Wood, Finchley (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Colney Hatch (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. Park Hatch, Surrey (i^ D. Godman). Salvin-Godman Coll.

6. Churt, Surrey. Crowley Bequest.
6. Churt. Crowley Bequest.

12. New Forest, Hampshire ( C. B. Seebohm Coll.
Wharton: Hargitt Coll.).

5. Vosges Mts., France {Mougel: Har- Seebohm Coll.

(jitt Coll.).

6. \osgesMts. {Mot/gel: Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

4. 'E]heui',Frfince (Nourg: Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Elbeuf, 2nd May (Nouru : Hargitt Seebohm Coll.

Coll.).

6. Pomerania, 1st June (T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.

5. Pomerania, 6th June {T. H.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Pomerania, 6th June (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Reva], Baltic Provs., June (7iJ<<sso?()). Seebohm Coll.

Phyiloscopus trochilus {Linn.).

Sylvia trochilus, Tlden. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 163, tab. xix. fig. 9, a-c

(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 137, pi. xxxvi.

figs, i, ii (1856). _
Phyllopneuste trochilus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 7

(1855-63).
Phyiloscopus trochilus, Seebohm 8r Harvie-Broivn, Ibis, 1876, p. 215 ;

Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 491 (1879) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M.

V. p. 66 (1881) ; id. Brit. Birds, i. p. 430, pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of

Brit. Birds, p. 206, pi. 53. figs. 5, 6 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.

p. 213 (1903).

The eggs of the Willow- Wren vary in shape from the oval to the
spheroidal, and they have a moderate amount of gloss. The ground
is white or creamy white, occasionally tinged with very pale pink.
The markings are of two types. In one, they consist of very small
specks of pale reddish brown, profusely sprinkled over the whole
shell ; in the other, they consist of distinct spots and small blotches
of pale reddish brown, sparingly set over the shell, except at the
broad end, where they are more frequent and often form an irregular
zone. Some specimens are very sparingly sprinkled with a few dots
only. The majority of the eggs of this species have no underlying
markings ; in a few there are some obsolete dots of pale lavender.
Numerous examples measure from '55 to "73 in length, and from
•45 to '5 in breadth.

6. Inverness. Seebohm Coll.

8. Inverness. Seebohm Coll.

4. Near Inverness {Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Near Inverness, 25th May {Hargitt Seebohm Coll. - '-•

Coll.).

6. Near Inverness, 29th May {Hargitt Seebohm Coll.

ColL).

PHYLLOSCOPXIS.

221

5. Near Inverness, 5tli June [Hao-gitt

Coll.).

6. Near Inverness, 5th June {Hargitt

Coll.).
4. Loch end, near Inverness, 26th May
{Hargitt Coll.).

4. Dunain, near Inverness, 6th June

{Hargitt Coll.).

3. Dochf our, near Inverness, 2nd June

{Hargitt Coll.).
14. England.

5. Wilstrop, Yorkshire, 22nd May

{Hargitt Coll.).

7. Longshaw, Derbyshire, 5th June

(O. Salvin).

6. Norfolk, May {F. Norgate).
6. Norfolk, 16th May {F. N.).

4. Cambridgeshire.

6. Cambridgeshire.

4. Bentley, Hants, 9tli May {Hargitt

Coll.).

8. Alton, Hants, May.

9. Bishop's Wood, Finchley, Middlesex

{O.S.).

7. Bishop's Wood (O. >S.).
7. Tilford, Surrey.

7. Churt, Surrey, May.
6. Churt, May.

5. Brighton {H. Sivag stand.)

5. Brighton (//. S.).

8. Valkenswaard, Holland, 14th May

(C. B. Wharton ^ H. Seehohm).

6. Valkenswaard, 16th May (C. i?. fT.

^ H. S.).
8. Valkenswaard, 23rd May {C. B. W.

^ H. S.).
6. Valkeuswaard, 27th May (C. B. W.

^ H. S.).

5. Valkenswaard, 28th May ( C. B. W.

6. Elbeuf,France( Avowry; Hargitt Coll.).

4. Foret de Bord, Elbeuf {Noury :

Hargitt Coll.).

5. Foret de Bord, 17th April {Noury :

Hargitt Coll.).

6. Vosges Mts., France {Noury: Har-

gitt Coll.).

5. Finland, 27th June {Russoiv).

6. Petchora Eiver, Lat. 68° N., 23rd

J une {H. Seehohm 8fJ.A. Harvie-
Brown) .

5. Petchora River, Lat, 68° N., 26th

June {H. S. ^ J. A. H-B.).
4. Petchora River, Lat. 68° N., 26th
iuuQ{H.S.8^J.A.H.-B.).

6. Petchora River, Lat. 68° N., 4th

Jn\j(H.S.^J.A.H.-B.).
6. Pomerania, 30th May {T. Holland).

\

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.J.
Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.J.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

222 sTLViiDj*:.

Phylloscopus bonellii ( Vieill.).

Sylvia bonellii, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 166, tab. xix. fig. 12, a-c

(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. ii. p. 45, pi. (1867) .
Pbyllopneuste bonelli, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 6 (1855-63) ;

Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 213.
Phylloscopus bonellii, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 418 ; Bree, Birds Eur.

2nd ed. ii. p. 154, pi. (1875) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 503

(1876) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v.'p. 59 (1881) ; Irhy, Orn. JStr.

Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 63 (1895) ; Shmye, Hand-l. iv. p. 213 (1903).

The eggs of Bonelli's Willow-Warbler are similar to those of
P. sibilator^ and require no separate description. They measure
from '55 to '65 in length, and from '45 to "5 in breadth.

1.

South Europe.

Old Collection.

4.

Madrid (H. Saunders).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Gibraltar {H. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Gibraltar, 2Gth May.

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Gibraltar, May [L. H. Irby).

Seebohm Coll.

1.

Savoy.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

3.

Athens, 10th May {T. Kriiper).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Parnassus (T. K).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Lake llalloula, Algeria, 10th May
(//. B. Tristram).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Lake llalloula, 2nd June {II. B. T.).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 20th May
(//. B. T).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Algiers, 4th June {H. B. T.).

Crowley Bequest.

Phylloscopus minor {Forst.).

Sylvia rufa, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 164, tab. xix. fig. 10, a-c

(1 845-54) ; Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 139, pi. xxxvi. fig. iv

(1856).
Phvllopneuste rufa, Baedel-er, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 9 (1855-63).
Phyllopneuste sylvesti-is, Baedeker, t. c. tab. 19. fig. 8.
Phylloscopus collybita, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 485 (1879).
PhvUoscopus rufiis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 60 (1881) ; id. Brit.

Birds, i. p. 435, pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 207, pi. 53.

figs. 7 & 8 (1896).
Phylloscopus minor, Sharjye, Iland-l. iv. p. 213 (1903).

The eggs of the Chiff'chaff are usually of a regular oval form, but
some are spheroidal. They possess a considerable amount of gloss.
The o-round-colour is white, and the markings consist of fine dots,
small spots, and less frequently of small blotches. Many specimens
are marked entirely with fine specks of deep purplish brown,
almost black in its intensity ; others with spots of reddish
brown, which are large and more numerous at the broad end,
where they often form an irregular zone. Eggs of both types
exhibit specks and spots of underlying lilac or violet-grey, which,
however, are generally very inconspicuous. Although some of the
efjgs of the Chiffchaff are not separable from some of those of the
AYillow-Wren, the eggs of the former species may generally be
recognized by the deeper colour of the markings, which are also

PHYLLOSCOrrS.

223

much less numerous and smaller. Specimens measure from '55 to
•65 in length, and from '45 to -5 in breadth.

6.

Inverness {Rargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

England.

H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].

5.

Derbyshire, May.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

5.

Cambridgeshire.

F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

G.

Taplow, Berkshire.

Gould Coll.

6.

Oookham, Berkshire.

Gould Coll.

5.

New Forest, Hampshire (H.

Saunders).
Alton, Hampshire, May.

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Crowley Bequest.

5.

Finchley, Middlesex.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

6.

Staines, Middlesex.

Crowley Bequest.

6.

Bishop's Wood, Finchley.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

6.

Brighton, 3rd May.

Purchased.

2.

Brighton.

Dr. E. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].

7.

Surrey.

Crowley Bequest.

6.

Surrey, May.

Crowley Bequest.

3.

Vallcenswaard, Holland, 29th May
[C. B. Wharton ^ 11. Seebohm).

Seebohm Coll.

1.

Vosges Mts,, France [Nouri/ : Raryitt
Coll).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Vosges Mts., April {Mougel: Rargitt

Coll.).
Vosges Mts. {Mougel: Rargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Elbeuf, France {Noury : HargiU

Coll.).
Elbeuf (iVoj^ry; Rargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Elbeuf {Novry: Rargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Elbeuf (Noury : Rargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

7.

Foretde Bord, Elbeuf, April {Noury:
Rargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Foret de Bord, Elbeuf, April {Noury:

Rargitt Coll.).
Pomerania, 22nd May {T. Rolland).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Pomerania, 23rd May {T. R.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Pomerania, 24th May {T. R.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Pomerania, 27th May {T. R.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Pomerania, 30th May {T. R.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Pomerania, 6th June {T. R.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Pomerania, 10th June {T. R.).
Pomerania, 30th June {T. R.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Brunswick, 17th May.

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Reval, Baltic Provs. {Russow).

Seebohm Coll.

Phylloscopus tristis, Blytli.

Phylloscopus tristis, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 477 (1875) ; Seebolim, Ibis,
1879, p. 10 ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 63 (1881) ; Oates, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 403 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 32
(1899) ; Sharpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 213 (1903).

Phyllopseuste tristis, Vian, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1886, p. 666.

PhyEopneuste tristis, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 271 (1891).

The eggs of the Brown Willow- Warbler or Siberian ChifFchaff
resemble those of P. minor so closely, that no separate description is

224 SYLTIID^.

necessary. They measure from -58 to '64 in length, and from '45
to -5 in breadth. One very narrow, lengthened example measures
•75 by -44.

6. Yenesei Valley, Lat. 70^° N., 1st July Seebohm Coll.

{H. Seebohm).
5. Yenesei V., Lat. 70^° N., 2nd July Seebohm Coll.

{H. S.).

5. Yenesei V., Lat. 70^° N., 4th July Seebohm Coll.

(H. S.).
4. Yenesei V., Lat. 70^° N., 6th July Seebohm Coll.

(H. S.).
4. Yenesei V., Lat. 70^° N., 7th July Seebohm Coll.

(H. S.).
3. Yenesei V., Lat. 67° N., 2nd July Seebohm Coll.

{H. S.).
1. Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, 6th July Seebohm Coll.

{Kibort).

6. Altai Mountains (Tawcre). Seebohm Coll.

3. Altai Mountains, 2oth May. Crowley Baquest.

4. Altai Mountains, 2oth May. Crowley Bequest.

Phylloscopus tytleri, Brooks.

Phylloscopustytleri, Seebohm,^ Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. Q>Q (1881) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ink., Birds, i. p. 402 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8^ Eggs
Ind. Birds, i. p. 258 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 214 (1903).

An e^^ of Tytler's Willow-Warbler, taken by Capt. Cock, is of a
regular oval shape, totally devoid of gloss and of a plain white
colour. It measures -57 by -46.

1. Sonamurg, Kashmir, 4th June (C. R. Crowley Bequest.
Cock : Tristram Coll.).

Genus OREOPNEUSTE, Siuinh.

Oreopneuste affinis (TickeU).

Phylloscopus affinis. Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 65 (1881) ; Oates^
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 401 (1889) ; Hartert, Nov. Zool. i.
p. 671 (1894).

Oreopneuste affinis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 214 (1903).

The eggs of Tickell's Willow-Warbler are rather blunt ovals,
somewhat pointed towards the smaller end; they are pure white
wdth some gloss, one specimen being almost devoid of markings, the
other three with a faint freckled zone of light rufous-brown round
the larger end. They measure '58 to -62 in length, by '48 in
breadth.

4. Koko-nor {Tring Museum). Crowley Bequest.

OREOPNETJSTE. — EEGTJLOIDES. 225

Oreopneuste fuscata {Blyth).

Phyllopneuste fuscata, Tacz. J. f. O. 1872, p. 357 ; 1873, taf . i. fig. 6.
Lusciniola fuscata, Seehohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 127 (1881) ; Tacz.

Faune Orn. Siher. Orient, p. 272 (1891) ; Neh'k. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 34 (1899).
Phylloscopus fuscatu8, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 405 (1889).
Oreopneuste fuscatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 215 (1903).

The eggs of the Dusky Willow- Warbler are of a pointed oval
shape, moderately glossy, and of a plain white colour. Five examples
measure respectively : '67 by -52 ; -63 by '5 ; -64 by '5 ; -60 by -51 ;
•68 by -5.

1. Lake Baikal, Siberia {Dybowski). Seebohm Coll.

2. Kultuk, Lake Baikal, 12th June. Crowley Bequest.
2. Dauria, June {Dybowski). Crowley Bequest.

Oreopneuste neglecta, Hume.

Phylloscopus neglectus, Hume, Ibis, 1870, p. 143 ; Blanf. East. Persia,[[.

p. 182 (1876); Seebohm, Ibis, 1877, p. 99; Witherby, Ibis, 1903,

p. 537.
Lusciniola neglecta, Seebohm, Ibis, 1880, p. 277 ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. v.

p. 131 (1881).
Oreopneuste neglectus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 215 (1903).

The eggs of Hume's Grass-Warbler are oval in shape, distinctly
pointed towards the smaller end, and pure white with a slight gloss.
They measure -6 by -45.

4. Dasht-i-arjan, Persia, 28th April. H. F. Witherby, Esq. [P.].

Genus REGULOIDES, Blyth.

Reguloides proregulus (Pall.).

Reguloides proregulus, Tacz. J.f. 0. 1872, p. 360, 1873, taf. i. fig. 10;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 215 (1903).
Phylloscopus proregulus, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 71 (1881) ;

Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 408 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests

^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 260 (1889) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.)

p. 73 (1895).
Phyllopneuste proregulus, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 267 (1891)

The eggs of Pallas's Willow- Warbler in the Collection are of a
rather broad but pointed oval shape and slightly glossy. Thej
are of a creamy-white colour, speckled and spotted with reddish
brown and lilac, densely on the broader half, where the markings
form a zone, and sparingly elsewhere. They measure '53 by '44:
and -54 by -43 respectively.

1. Kashmir, 30th May (C.i2. CocA;). Hume Coll.

1. Kashmir, 2nd June (C. B. C; Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
VOL. IV. o

226 SYLVIID^.

Reguloides superciliosus (Gmel.).

Phylloscopus superciliosus, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 469 (1874) ; Seebohm,

Ibis, 1879, p. 12 ; id. Cat. Birds B. M, v. p. 68 (1881) ; id. Brit.

Birds, i. p. 441, pi. 10 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 208, pi. 53.

%. 9 (1896) ; Popham, Ibis, 1898, p. 496.
Phyllopneuste superciliosa, Tacz. Faune Orn. Sib6r. Orient, p. 264

(1891).
Reguloides superciliosus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 216 (1903).

The eggs of the Yellow-browed, or Crowned Willow- Warbler in
Ihe Collection are inseparable from many of the eggs of B. humei,
being white, speckled and spotted, more so at the large end than
elsewhere, with reddish brown and some obsolete underlying
lavender. Five examples measure from '56 to -6 in length, and
•45 in breadth.

5.. Yenesei Valley, Lat. 66^° N., 25th Seebohm Coll.
June {H. Seebohm).

Reguloides humei {Broolcs).
(Plate X. figs. 5 & 6.)

Phylloscopus humii, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 67 (1881) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 410 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 262 (1889) ; Wilson, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist.
Soc. xii. p. 636 (1899).

Reguloides humei, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 216 (1903).

The eggs of Hume's Willow-Warbler vary from a pointed to a
blunt oval shape and possess little gloss. They are white, marked
with specks and spots of reddish brown and very pale underlying
lavender. On some specimens the markings are very fine, on others
rather coarse and blotchy, but in either case they are most dense
over the broader half of the egg, where they form an ill- defined
cap. Examples measure from '52 to '6 in length, and from -42 to
•45 in breadth.

5. Kashmir ( W. E. Brooks). Hume Coll.

3. Kashmir, 1st June ( W. E. B.). Hume Coll.

2. Kashmir, 2nd June ( W. E. B.). Hume Coll.
8. Kashmir, 3rd June ( W. E. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Kashmir, 4th June {W. E. B.). Hume Coll.

1. Kashmir, 6th June ( W. E. B.). Hume Coll.

3. Kashmir, 31 st May ( W. E. B.). Hume Coll.

2. Kashmir ( W. E. B.). Crowley Bequest.

3. ^Q,^hm\r,Z\me{W.E.B.: Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).
2. Kashmir, 2nd June ( W. E. B. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).

ACANTHOPNEUSTE, 227

Genus ACANTHOPNEUSTE, Blasius.

Acanthopneuste borealis (Bias.).

Phylloscopus Ijorealis, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 509 (IST^") ; Seebohm,
Ibis, 1879, p. 9 ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 40 (1881).

Acanthopueuste borealis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 412 (1889) ;
Sharjje, Hand-l. iv. p. 216 (1903).

Phyllopneuste borealis, Tacz. Faune Om. SibSr. Orient, p. 254 (1890).

The e^^^ of the Arctic Willow- Warbler in the Collection are of a
regular oval form and glossy. They are white, sparsely marked all
over with specks and small spots of pale pink. They are all of the
same size, and measure '64 by '49.

6. Yenesei Valley, Lat. 67° N., 6th July Seebohm Coll.
{H. Seebohm).

Acanthopneuste plumbeitarsus (Swinh.).

Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus, Dresser, Birds Fur. ii. p. 507 (1878) ; See-
bohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 45 (1881).
Acanthopneuste plumbeitarsus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 414

(1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 217 (1903).
Phvllopneuste plumbeitarsus, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient p. 259
■' (1891).

The egg of Middendorff's Willow- Warbler in the Collection is of
a regular oval form, slightly glossy and plain white. It measures
'62 by -49.

1. Lake Baikal, Siberia {Dybowski). Seebohm Coll.

Acanthopneuste coronata {Temm.).

Phylloscopus coronatus, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 48 (1881) ; id.

Birds Japan. Emp. p. 69 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 32

(1899).
Acanthopneuste coronatus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 417

(1889).
Phyllopneuste coronata, Tacz. J. f. O. 1872, p. 359, 1873, pi. i. fig. 9 ;

id. Faune Orn. SibSr. Orient, i. p. 262 (1891).
Acanthopneuste coronata, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 218 (1903).

The eggs of Temminck's Crowned Willow-Warbler are oval in
shape and plain white, with a considerable amount of gloss. They
measure respectively '61 by '46, and '63 by '48.

2. Hondo IsL, Japan, 25th May. Crowley Bequest.

Acanthopneuste occipitalis (Blyth).

Phylloscopus occipitalis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 50 (1881) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 32 (1899).
Acanthopneuste occipitalis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 418

(1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 267 (1889) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 218 (1903).

a2

228 SYLVIIDiE.

The eggs of the Large Crowned Willow-Warbler vary from a
pointed to a blunt oval form. They are moderately glossy and plain
white. Four examples measure respectively : '65 by -5 ; -63 by '49 ;
•63 by -46 ; -^2 by -48.

1. Kashmir, 21st May (C. R. Cock). Hume Coll.

1. Kashmir, 3rd June [C. R. C). Hume Coll.

2. Kashmir, 4th Jmie (C. R. C). Hume Coll.

1. Kashmir, 31st May {C.R.C.: Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

Acanthopneuste davisoni, Oates.

Phylloscopus viridipennis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 53 (1881).
Acanthopneuste davisoni, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 420 (1889) ;

id. ed. Hume, Nests ^' Eqgs Ind. Birds, i. p. 269 (1889) ; Oates, Ibisj

1894, p. 482 ; Sharpe, mmd-l. iv. p. 218 (1903).

The eggs of the Burmese White-tailed Willow- Warbler are of a
rather broad oval form, moderately glossy, and plain white. Four
specimens measure respectively : "58 by -49 ; '58 by '48 ; '57 by -48 ;
•6 by -46.

1. Byingyi Mountain, Upper Burma, Oates Coll.

March {E. W. Oates).

3. Mooleyit Mountain, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.

2nd Feb. ( W. Davison).

Genus CHTHONICOLA, Gould,

Chthonicola sagittata {Lath.).

Chthonicola sagittata, Gould, Ilandb. Birds Austr. i. p. 390 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 290 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 149 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 56 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p, 28, pi. 10 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 219 (1903).

The eggs of the Little Field- Wren are of a very broad oval form
and possess a considerable amount of gloss. They are of a chocolate-
red colour, with the broad end somewhat darker than the other
parts. They measure from '7 to '8 in length, and from -57 to '6 in
breadth.

2. Dohroyde, N.S.W. {E. P. Ramsay : Crowley Bequest.

I 7*1 ^fVfl'Wi \ oil I

2. Ashfield, N.S.W. {E. P. R. : Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.).

3. New South Wales {E. P. R.). Gould Coll.
3. New South Wales {G. Bennett). Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales. Crowley Bequest.

1. Gippsland, Victoria. F.A.Philbrick,Esq.,K.C.[P.].

3. Oakleigh, Victoria, 21st Sept. (A.J. Crowley Bequest.

North). ^-

1. AustraHa. W. Radchffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

ACANTHIZA. 229

Genus ACANTHIZA, Vig. Sr Horsf.

AcantMza nana, Vig. 6f Horsf.

Acanthiza nana, Gould, Handb. Birds, Austr. i. p. 371 (1865) ; Ramsay y
P. Z. S. 1866, p. 573 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p? 292 (1883) ;
North, Nests ^^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 137, pi. xiii. tig. 16 (1889) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p 56 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 228 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 219 (1903).

The eggs of the Yellow Tit- Warbler are of an elongated oval
shape and exhibit a small amount of gloss. They are creamy white,
spotted and freckled with chestnut and lilac-grey. The markings
are larger and more numerous at the broad end, and form a zone or
cap at that part. Examples measure from "66 to '7 in length, and
from •41 to -49 in breadth.

3. New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay). Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales {E. P. R.). Gould Coll.

3. Canterbury, N.S.W., 2nd Nov. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).
3. Gippsland, Victoria, 23rd Nov. Crowley Bequest.
{A. J. N).

Acanthiza inornata, Gould.

(Plate X. fig. 8.)

Acanthiza inornata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 370 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 293 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 136 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 229
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 219 (1903).

The eggs of the Plain-coloured Tit- Warbler in the Collection are
of a very broad oval shape and moderately glossy. They are creamy
white, speckled with minute markings of chestnut and lilac-grey.
The specks are very evenly distributed over the entire shell, but at
the apex of the broad end they coalesce and form a dense but very
small cap. Two examples measure respectively : 'Q2 by '5 ;
•62 by -51.

2. West Australia, 15th Oct. Gould Coll.

Acanthiza pusilla ( White).

Acanthiza pusilla, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 364 (1865) ; Ramsay,
P. Z. S. 1866, p. 574 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 294 (1883) ;
North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 133 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8r Eggs Austr. Birds, i.
p. 230, pi. 10 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 219 (1903).

The eggs of the Little Brown Tit-Warbler are of a rather broad
oval shape, but do not seem to differ in any other respect from the
eggs of A. nana. They measure from '62 to '7 in length, and from
•5 to '53 in breadth.

1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

2. Victoria, 10th Nov. (A. J. North). Crowley Bequest.

230 SYLVIID^.

2. Victoria. Go-vt. of Victoria [P.l
4. Victoria. Govt, of Victoria [P.j.

3. Frankston, Victoria, Oct. {A. J, Crowley Bequest.

North).
3. Melbourne ( W. Bridger). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Melbourne (^. 5.; Tm^mw Co//.). Crowley Bequest.

Acanthiza diemenensis, Gould.

Acanthiza diemenensis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Voq. tab. xxii. fig. 21
(1845-54) ; Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 365 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 295 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 134 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ; Camp-
bell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 232 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 219 (1903).

The eggs of tlie Tasmanian Tit- Warbler in the Collection are of
a narrow oval shape and slightly glossy. They are white, sparingly
speckled with dull reddish brown and lavender. The markings are
more numerous at the broad end, where they form a narrow zone.
Examples measure '12 by "5.

1. Tasmania (TF^75ow). Gould Coll.

1. Tasmania (TTeYso?!). Gould Coll.

3. Tasmania {E. D. Atkinson). Crowley Bequest.

1. Tasmania {E. P. Seymour). Crowley Bequest.

1. Tasmania, Oct. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Acanthiza apicalis, Gould.

(Plate X. fig. 9.)

Acanthiza apicalis, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 368 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 296 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 135 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ; Campbell,
Nests 4' Eggs Austr. Birds, I p. 233 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 219(1903).

Two eggs of the Broad-tailed Tit-Warbler are oval in shape,
slightly pointed towards the small end, the ground-colour pinkish
white : in one the entire shell is spotted and dotted with light red
and dull lavender markings, most numerous round the larger end,
where they form an irregular zone ; in the second specimen the
markings are nearly all collected on the larger end, where they
form a light rufous cap, the rest of the shell being very sparingly
marked. They measure respectively : '66 by -48 ; -67 by -5.

2. W. Australia {A. J. Campbell). Crowley Bequest.

Acanthiza pyrrhopygia, Gould.

Acanthiza pyi-rhopygia, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 369 (1865);
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 296 (1883) ; North, Nests Sr Egqs
Austr. Birds, p. 136 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests 8r Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 234 (1901); Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 220 (1903).

ACANTHIZA. 231

Three eggs of the Red-rumped Tit-Warbler are of a rather wide
oval shape ; the ground-colour white, slightly glossed and finely
dotted and marked with light red, the markings being most numerous
round the larger end, where they form a more or less defined zone.
A single egg from the Nehrkorn Collection, said to be of this
species, is very different, the yellowish-brown markings being nearly
all collected in a cap on the larger end. They measure '01 to '65
in length, by '49 in breadth.

1 . Victoria (Nehrkorn Coll.) Crowley Bequest.

3. Wimmera District, Victoria, 16th Crowley Bequest.
Sept. (A. J. North).

Acanthiza lineata, Gould.

(Plate X. fig. 14.) .

Acanthiza lineata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 372 ; Ramsay,
P. Z. S. 1866, p. 571 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 297 (1883) ;
North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 138 (1889) ; Nehrh. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i.
p. 234 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 220 (1903).

The eggs of the Striated Tit-Warbler in the Collection are of a
regular oval shape and slightly glossy. They are white, speckled
with chestnut-brown and very faint lavender. The markings are
almost all concentrated at the broad end, where they form a well-
defined zone. At this part there are also a few black specks and
fine lines. They measure -63 to -67, by -47 to -5.

3. New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay). Gould Coll.

1. Dobroyde, N.S.W. {E. P. R. : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

2. J)ohvoydiQ,Oct.{E. P. R.: Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).
2. Gippsland, Victoria, 10th Sept. Crowley Bequest.
{A. J. North).

Acanthiza chrysorrhoa {Quoy ^ Gaim..).

Geobasileus chrysorrhoiis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 374 (1866) ;

Ramsay, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 575.
Acanthiza chrysorrhoa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 298 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr.

Birds, i. p. 238 (1901).
Geobasileus chrysorrhcea, North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, -p. 141 (1889) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 220 (1903).

The eggs of the Yellow-rumped Tit-Warbler are of a pointed
oval shape and slightly glossy. Many are plain white, others are
Bparingly speckled at the broad end with rufous, and others are
boldly marked with spots and small blotches of chestnut-brown,
chiefiy at the broad end. They measure from -59 to -76 in length,
and from '47 to '52 in breadth.

232

SYBYIIDiE.

Australia.

South Australia.

South Australia.

South Australia.

South Australia.

Belmore, N.S.W. (with an egg of
Chalcococcyx plagosiis).

Dobroyde, N.S.W. {E. P. Ramsay/ :
Tristram Coll.).

Canterbury, N.S.W., 14th Aug.
{A. J. North).

Victoria.

Victoria.

Victoria (with an egg of Chalco-
coccyx plagosus).

Yarra River, Victoria, 21st Sept.
{A. J. North).

Melbourne, 7th Dec. ( W. Bridger).

Melbourne, 7th Dec. ( W. B. : with
an egg of Chalcococcyx hasalis).

Tasmania ( T'm^ram Coll.).

Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Govt, of Victoria
Govt, of Victoria
Govt, of Victoria

Crowley Bequest.

-p.].

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

Acanthiza reguloides, Vig. Sf IJorsf.

Geobasileus reg-uloides, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 376 (1865) ;

Ramsay, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 575 ; North, Nests 4* JEggs Austr. Birds,

p. 140 (1889).
Acanthiza reguloides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 299 (1883) ; NehrJc.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests Sj- Eggs Austr. Birds,

i. p. 239 (1901) ; Sharjje, Hand-l. iv. p. 220 (1903).

The eggs of the Buff-rumped Tit-Warbler are of a broad oval
shape and moderately glossy. Those in the Collection are of two
types, in both of which the ground-colour is white, but the markings
are different. Some eggs are delicately speckled with fine dots of a
pale rufous and lavender, chiefly in the form of an irregular and
t.hin zone round the broad end. Others are densely marked with
spots and blotches of chestnut-brown and lavender, especially at
the broad end, where the markings are disposed in the shape of a
dense cap or irregular zone. Examples measure from '61 to "69 in
length, and from '48 to '51 in breadth.

3. Dawson Eiver, Queensland, 27th Crowley Bequest.

Aug. (North Coll.).

5. New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay) . Gould Coll.

5. New South Wales (E. P.P.). Gould Coll.

3. Dobroyde, N.S.W., Oct. {E. P. R. : Crowley Bequest

Tristram Coll.).

3. Braid wood, N.S.W., 15th Oct. Crowley Bequest.

[A. J. North).

4. Dandenong Creek, Victoria, Oct.

W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

SEEICOENIS. 233

Genus SERICORNIS, OouU.
Sericornis brunnea {Gould).

Pyrrholaemus brunneus, Goiild, Handb. Birds Amtr. i. p. 384 ; Ramsay,
Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S, W. vii. p. 49, pi. 3. fig. 8 (1882) ; North, Nests
^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 145 (1889) ; CampbeU, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 442, pi. 10 (1901).

Sericornis brunnea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 302 (1883) ; id.
Hand-l. iv. p. 220 (1903).

The eg^ of tlie Eed-throated Scrub-Warbler in the Collection is
of a very blunt oval form and moderately glossy. It is of a pale
buif colour, marked at the broad end with a dense cap of deep
purplish brown. It measures '77 by -59.

1. AustraUa. Purchased.

Sericornis citreigularis, Gould.

Sericornis citreogularis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiii. fig. 16
(1845-54) ; Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 354 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat Birds B. M. vii. p. 302 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 129, pi. ix. fig. 6 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersarkml. p. 57
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 243, pi. 10
(1901).

Sericornis citreigularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 220 (1903).

The eggs of the Yellow-throated Scrub-Warbler are of a pointed
oval form and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. They are
purplish buff or chocolate-brown, marked at the broad end with a
cap or zone of a darker shade of the same colour. Examples
measure from '93 to 1*03 in length, and from '67 to "7 in breadth.

5. New South Wales. Gould CoU.

1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

2. Kichmond River, March Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).

Sericornis frontalis {Vig. Sf Horsf.).

(Plate X. figs. 10 & 13.)

Sericornis frontalis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 359 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 303 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 131 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ; Camp-
bell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 245 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 220 (1903).

The eggs of the White-browed Scrub-Warbler are of a pointed
oval form and somewhat glossed. They are pale purplish buff" or
whitish buff, either marked at the large end with a cap or zone
of darker purplish-brown spots and lavender-grey clouded blotches,
and with a few scattered markings of the same colour over the rest

234 SYLVUD-E.

of the shell, or very finely marked all over the shell with brown
and underlying grey dots. They measure -75 to '78 by "57 to
•58 inch.

1. Australia {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Yarra River, Victoria, 24th Sept. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).

Sericornis magnirostris {Gould).

Sericornis magnirostris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 362 (1865) ;
Shwye, Cat. Birds B. 31. vii. p. 305 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 132 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ;
Camphell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 247, pi. 10 (1901) j
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 221 (1903).

The eggs of the Large-billed Scrub-Warbler in the Collection are
of a very regular oval form and moderately glossy. The ground-
colour varies from white to pale brownish pink. In two specimens,
the markings are confined almost entirely to the broad end, where
they form a zone of confluent purplish-brown spots, intermingled
with a few black spots and short lines. A third specimen is simi-
larly marked at the broad end, but is also covered with some cob-
web-like smears and lines which run over the whole surface of the
shell. Three specimens measure respectively : '76 by '59 ; '76 by
•6 ; -79 by -59.

3. New South Wales, 28th Oct. Gould Coll.

( Wilson).

Sericornis humilis, Gould.

(Plate X. figs. 11 & 12.)

Sericornis humilis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 356 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 310 (1883) ; North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 130 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ; Camp-
hell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 251 (1901); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 222 (1903)."

The eggs of the Brown Scrub-Warbler in the Collection are of an
oval shape, but somewhat pointed at the broad end, and they
possess a small amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies from
pinkish white to pale brownish pink, and is marked with specks,
lines, and streaks of purplish brown. In one specimen the markings
form a dense confluent cap at the broad end ; in two others the cap
is very faintly indicated. Three examples measure respectively :
•9 by -62 ; -91 by -68 ; -98 by -68.

3. Tasmania [C. Gould). Gould Coll.

1. Tasmania {E. D. Atkinson). Crowley Bequest.

APALI8. NEOMIXIS. 235

Genus AFALIS, Swains.

Apalis thoracica (Shaw Sf Nodder).

(Plate X. fig. 15.)

ApaKs thoracica, Gurney^ Ibis, 1865, p. 266 ; Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds

t S. Africa, p. 281 (1875-84) ; id., Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 138

(1883); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 53 (1899); Stark ^ Sdater,

Fauna S. Africa^ Birds, ii. p. 121 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 222

(1903).

The eggs of the Bar-throated Warbler are somewhat narrow ovals
and slightly glossy. They are of a pale blue colour, sparingly marked
(except at the broader end, where the markings are more numerous
as well as larger) with spots and small blotches of reddish purple,
pinkish brown, and pale lilac. Examples measure from '57 to '65
in length, and from '45 to '47 in breadth.

4. South Africa. H. Walter, Esq. [P.].

1. South Africa. Crowley Bequest.

2. Natal (r. ^ym). Sal vin-Godman Coll.

Genus DRYODROMAS, Finsch Sf Hartl.

Dryodromas fulvicapilla (Vieill.).

(Plate X. fig. 16.)

Dryodromas fulvicapillus, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 301

(1875-84).
Dryodromas fulvicapilla, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 144 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 53 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 225

(1903).
Cisticola fulvicapilla, Stark Sf Selater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 141

(1901). »

The eggs of the Tawny- headed Grass- Warbler are of a lengthened
oval shape and exhibit no gloss, They are of a bluish-white colour,
sparingly speckled with lilac-red and lavender. Three examples
measure respectively : -69 by '49 ; '68 by '49 ; '68 by 'o.

3. Ondonga, Ovampo-land (C. J. Crowley Bequest.

Andersson: Tristram Coll.).

Genus NEOMIXIS, Sharjpe.

Neomixis tenella {Hartl.).
(Plate X. fig. 17.)

Eroessa tenella, Milne-Edwards 8f Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois.

i. p. 321, pi. 302. fig. 16 (1879) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 151

(1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 53 (1899).
Neomixis tenella. Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 226 (1903).

236 SYLVIID^.

The eggs of the Madagascar Grass-Warbler are of a regular oval
form and slightly glossy. They are white, marked with minute
specks of dark umber-brown, reddish brown, and lavender. Three
examples measure respectively : '63 by '49 ; '6 by '45 ; '55 by '45.

1. 'Madsigascai [H. Neivton : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

2. [Madagascar.] Crowley Bequest.

Genus SCOTOCERCA, Sundev.

Scotocerca inquieta (CretzscJim.).

Scotocerca inqiiieta, Barnes, Stray Feath. ix. pp. 217, 455 (1880) ; Sharpe^
Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 213 (1883) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds,
i. p. 432 (1889) ; id. ed. mime, Nests ^ Egqs Ind, Birds, i. p. 276
(1889) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. {Suppl.) p. 99 (1895); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 64 (1899) ; Sharpe, Kand-l. iv. p. 234 (1903.)

The eggs of the Streaked Scrub- Warbler are of a regular oval
form and have a small amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies
from white to pinkish white, and is rather densely marked with specks
and small dots of bright chestnut and lilac-red. The markings are
denser at the broad end, where they sometimes form a very irregular
broad zone. When very closely examined, a few minute pale purple
underlying specks may be discovered on the broader half of the
shell. Specimens measure from '62 to '67 in length, and from '47
to -5 in breadth.

4. Chaman, Afghanistan, 27tli March Hume Coll.

{H. E. Barnes).

3. Nowshera, Punjab, 28th April Hume Coll.

{C. R. Cock).

1. Nowshera, April (C. i2. a). Hume Coll.

1. Dharmsala, 27th May (C. R. C). Crowley Bequest.

Scotocerca saharae (Loche).
(Plate X. fig. 18.)

Drymuica striaticeps, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 58.

Scotocerca saharte, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii, p. 214 (1883) ; Dresser,

Birds Eur. ix. [Suppl.) p. 133 (1895) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 55

(1899) ; Sharijc, Kand-l. iv. p. 234 (1903).

The eggs of the Algerian Scrub-Warbler are somewhat similar to
those of >S^. inquieta, but they are characterized by the coarseness of
their markings. These consist not only of specks and dots, but also
of rather large blotches of deep chestnut. These are, moreover, in
some examples, extremely dense at the broad end and form a more
or less conspicuous and confluent cap or zone. Intermingled with
the chestnut markings there are others of a pale purple colejir.
They measure from -62 to -66 in length, and from '44 to '5 in
breadth.

NEOENIS. — HOEOENIS. 237

1. Algeria (Loche). Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. Algeria. Seebohm Coll.

4. Algeria. Seebohm Coll.

1. Hadjeira, Algeria, May [Loche : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

Genus NEORNIS, Blyth.

Neornis flavo-olivacea, Blyth.
(Plate X. fig. 20.)

Cettia flavolivacea, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 138 (1881) ; Nehrh.

Kat. Biersamml. p. 34 (1899).
Neornis flavolivacea, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 433 (1889) ; id.

ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 277 (1889) ; Osmaston,

Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. p. 470 (1898).
Neornis flavo-olivacea, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 235 (1903).

The eggs of the Olive-and-Yellow Warbler in the Collection,
authenticated by Mr. Gammie, are of a blunt oval form, highly
glossy, and of a deep chocolate-purple colour. Thev measure
respectively : -67 by 54 ; -66 by -53 ; -67 by -52 ; -68 by -53.

Mr. Osmaston describes the eggs of this species as being "of an
uniform — rather pale — terracotta, absolutely devoid of gloss."

4. Sikhim {J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

Genus HORORNIS, Hodgs.
Horornis fortipes, Hodgs.

Cettia fortipes, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 136 (1881) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Biersamml. p. 34 (1899).
Horornis fortipes, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 435 (1889) ; id. ed.

Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 279 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 235 (1903).

The eggs of the Strong-footed Bush-Warbler are of a blunt oval
form and, as a rule, highly glossy. They vary in colour from light
chocolate to dark chocolate-purple. They measure from '64 to "72
in length, and from -48 to -55 in breadth.

1. Sikhim, 7th May (i. Mandelli). Hume Coll.

2. Sikhim, 29th May (X. M.). Hume Coll.
4. Sikhim, 30th May (i. M.). Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim. Hume Coll.

1. Sikhim, 17th May. Seebohm Coll.

1. Sikhim, 20th May. Seebohm Coll.

1. SUihim, 28th June. Crowley Bequest.

1. Lebong, Sikhim, 12th June {L.M.). Hume Coll.

2. Lebong, 7th July (i. M.). Hume Coll.

Horornis sinensis {La Touche).

Cettia sinensis. La Touche, Ibis, 1898, p. 297 ; Rickett ^ La Touche, Ibis,

1898, p. 388 ; La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 207.
Horornis sinensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 235 (1903).

238 STLVITD^.

The eggs of the Chinese Bush-Warbler are of a regular oval shape,
very glossy, and of a dark chocolate-red colour. Three examples
measure respectively : -72 by -51 ; '71 by -52 ; -67 by '5.

3. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 15th May C. B. Kickett, Esq. [P.].
{J. D. La Touche).

Horornis "brunnescens, Hume.
(Plate X. fig. 19.)

Cettia fortipes, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 136, part. (1881).
Horornis brunnescens, Oates^ Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 435 (1889) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 235 (1903).
Cettia brunnescens, Rickett c^ La Touche, Ibis, 1898, p. 328 ; La Touche,

Ibis, 1899, p. 209.

An Qgg of Hume's Bush-Warbler is of a regular oval shape, slightly
glossy, and of a chocolate-red colour. It measures '63 by '5.

1. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 12th May C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

{J. D. La Touche).

Horornis cantans (Temm. Sf ScM.),

Cettia cantans, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 140 (1881) ; id. Birds

Japan. Emp. p. 74 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 34 (1899).
Horornis cantans, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 236 (1903).

The eggs of the Large Japanese Bush- Warbler in the Collection
are of an oval shape, glossy, and of a chocolate-red colour. They
measure '7 to -72 by -52 to -55.

2. Hondo Isl., Japan, 31st May. Crowley Bequest.
2. Yokohama (^.Prye;-). Seebohm Coll.

6. Fuji Yama, 6th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Horornis canturians (Swinh.).

Arundinax canturians, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1860, p. 52.
Lusciniopsis canturians, Sivinhoe, Ibis, 1861, p. 32.
Calamoherpe canturians, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 306.
Cettia canturiens, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. 31. v. p. 141 (1881).
Horornis canturians, Sharpe^ Hand-l. iv. p. 236 (1903).

The eggs of the Chinese Bush-Warbler are of a blunt oval form,
glossy, and of a lighter or darker brick-red colour, and closely
resemble those of Cettia cetti. They measure from '7 to •78 in
ength, and '6 in breadth.

1.
4.
1.
2.
5.
4.

China.

J. Whitehead, Esq. [C]

Kiukiang Lake, China (Leech).

Seebohm Coll.

Shanghai, China, 17th June.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

[P.]

Chinkiang, China, 13th May.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

Chinkiang, 13th May.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

PJ

Chinkiang, 15th May.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

"P.

Chinkiang, 15th May.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

[PJ

Chinkiang, 24th May.

C. B. Rickett, Esq.

P.].

HORORNIS. — CETTIA.. 239

Horornis diphone (Kittl.).
Cettia diphone, Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 77 (1890).

Four eggs of the Bonin Bush- Warbler are of a regular oval
, shape, somewhat glossy, and of a dull rufous-chestnut colour. They
measure '63 by -5.

4. Chichijimo, Bonin Is., Japan, W. RadcMe Saunders, Esq.

26th May. [P.].

Genus CETTIA, Bonap.
Cettia cetti (Marm.).

Sylvia cettii, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. p. 210, tab. xxi. fig. 3, a, 6

(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. ii. p. 93, pi. (1867).
Cettia sericea, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 19. fig. 24 (1855-63). ^
Calamodyta cettii, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 305; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii.

p. 639 (1876).
Bradypterus cettii, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 214.
Acrocephalus cettii, Bree, torn. cit. 2nd ed. iii. p. 30, pi. (1875).
Cettia cetti, Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. p. 135 (1881) ; Irby, Orn. Sir.

Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 61 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 238 (1903).

The eggs of Cetti's Warbler are of a broad oval form and for the
most part very glossy. They vary in colour from dark pink to
brick-red. About half of the total number of specimens in the Col-
lection are plain ; the other half are marked with a more or less
distinct zone of pale purplish specks round the larger end. They
measure from -67 to -77 in length, and from -5 to -58 in breadth.

1. Europe. ^ H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].

3. Andalucia, Spain {Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Seville, Spain, 14th May. Salvin-Godman Coll.

5. Seville, 14th Mav {H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

4. Seville, 16th June {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Malaga, Spain, 16th June. Seebohm Coll.

4. Granada, Spain, 27th May {H. Seebohm Coll.

Saunders).

1. Attica, Greece, 1st June (T. Seebohm Coll.

Kriiper).
4. Parnassus, Greece, 15th May Seebohm Coll.

{T. K. 8f H. Seebohm).
4. Parnassus, 28th May {T. K. 8f Seebohm Coll.

H. S.).

2. Parnassus, 2nd June {T. K. ^ Seebohm Coll.

H.S.).

4. Smyrna {T. Kriiper). Seebohm Coll.

1. Smyrna {T. K.). Crowley Bequest.

3. Astrakhan (Henke). Seebohm Coll.

5. Astrakhan {Henke). Seebohm Coll.

1. Algeria, 20th May (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. Lake Halloula, Algeria, 19th May Crowley Bequest.

{H. B. Tristram).

5. Lake Halloula, 20th May {H. B.T.). Crowley Bequest.

240 STLVIID^.

Genus SUYA, Hodgs.
Suya crinigera, Hodgs.

Suja striata, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 301.

Suya criniger, Godw.-Aust. Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xl. "pt. ii. p. 142
(1871).

Suya crinigera, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 177 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 444 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 282 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 238 (1903).

The eggs of the Brown Hill-Warbler are typically of an elongated
oval shape. The majority are highly glossy; some are nearly
devoid of all gloss. They are white or cream-coloured, often tinged
with pink, speckled and blotched with chestnut and pale grey.
The markings at the broad end are generally dense and confluent,
forming a well-defined zone at that part. Specimens measure from
•65 to "75 in length, and from '46 to -55 in breadth.

6. Himalayas. Crowley Bequest.

1. Kashmir, 19th May ( W. E. Brooks : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

3. Kotegarh, Himalayas, 15th April. Hume Coll.

1. Kotegarh, 19th April. Hume Coll,
3. Kotegarh, 20th June. Flume Coll.

2. Kotegarh, 22nd June. Hume Coll.
2. Dilloo, Kangra Valley, 26th May Hume Coll.

(A. O. H.).

1. Jerripani, Mussoorie (T. Swfi'ow). Hume Coll.

38. Darjiling (/. Gammie). Hume Coll.

1. Mongphoo, Darjiling, 12th April Hume Coll.

{J. G.).

2. Mongphoo, 18th April {J. G.). Hume Coll.

3. Mongphoo, 23rd April (J. G.). Hume Coll.
1. Mongphoo, 26th April (J. G.). Hume Coll.

3. Gorakhpur, Oudh {E. W. Cleveland). Hume Coll.

4. Shillong, Assam, 23rd May. Col. H. H. Godwin-Austen

[C.].
4. Formosa, 11th May (P. A. Hoist). Seebohm Coll.
4. Formosa, 5th June {P. A. H). Seebohm Coll.

Suya atrigularis, Moore.

Suya atrigularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 180 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 445 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eggs Ind. Birds,i.^. 285 (1889) ; Shmpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 239 (1903).

The eggs of the Black-throated Hill- Warbler are of an elongated
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are of a pale blue colour,
sparingly speckled with reddish brown and lilac, except round the
larger end, where the markings generally form a dense and well-
defined zone. Specimens measure from '63 to '74 in length, and
from '45 to '5 in breadth.

11. Himalaya Mts. W. RadclifFe Saunders,, Eisq.

[P.].

SUYA. — PllINlA. 241

2. Lebong, Sikhim, 15th July. Hume Coll.

8. Darjiling [J. Gammie). Hume Coll.

9. Mongplioo, Darjiling, 12tli April Hume Coll.

{J. G.).

5. Mongplioo, 18th April (J. G.). Hume Coll.

1. Mongphoo. 20th April (j; (?.;. Hume Coll.

19. Mongphoo (J. G.). Hume Coll.

5. [Sikhim.] Crowley Bequest.

Suya khasiana, Godwin- Austen.
(Plate X. fig. 21.)

Suya khasiana, Godwin- Austen, Ann. 8f Maq. Nat. Hist. (4) xviii. p. 412
(1876) ; i^harpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 181 (1883) ; Gates ed.
Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 286 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 239 (1903).

Two eggs of Godwin- Austen's Hill- Warbler are of a broad oval
shape. The ground-colour is white with some gloss, thickly spotted
and dotted with lightred and underlying lilac towards the large end,
and sparingly dotted with the same colours over the rest of
the shell. They measure "65 in length, and from '49 to '5 in
breadth.

Another somewhat larger eg^ is very similarly marked, but the
ground-colour is pale sea-green. It measures '74 by '52.

2. Margherita, Assam, 30th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [P.].

1. Margherita, 30th June. E. C. Stuart Baker^ Esq. [P.].

Genus PRINIA, Horsf.

Prinia flavicans ( VieilL),

Drymoeca flavicans, Ayres, Ibis, 1869, p. 290; Sharpe, ed. Layards Birds
8. Africa, p. 254 (1875-84). ^

Drvmoica flavicans, Andersson, Birds Damara-land, p. 84 (1872).

Prmia flavicans, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii.' p. 186 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 54 (1899); Starh ^ Sclater, Fauna S. Africa j
Birds, ii. p. 136 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 240 (1903).

Two eggs of the Black-chested Wren- Warbler from Potchef-
stroom are of a broad oval shape and glossy. The ground-colour is
pale bluish green, irregularly and somewhat sparingly blotched and
spotted all over with chocolate-brown, pale brown, and underlying
lavender markings. Two from Damara-land are similar, but the
blotches are fewer and much larger and bolder, and there is a zone
of scribbled lines round the larger end. They measure -58 to -Qb
in length, and '45 to -5 in breadth.

2. Potchefstroom, Transvaal ( T. Ay res : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).
2. Damara-land, 26th Nov. (C. J. Crowley Bequftst.

Andersson: Tristram Coll.).

VOL. ]V.

242 sYLviiD^i:.

Frinia maculosa (Bodd.).

Drymoeca maculosa, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 259 (1875-
84).

Prmia maculosa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 189 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 54 (1899) ; Stark Sf Sclater, Fauna S. Africa,
Birds, ii. p. 133 (1901) ; Sharpe, Sand-l. iv. p. 240 (1903).

The eggs of the Cape Wren-Warhler resemble those of P.Jlavicans
described from Potchefstroom, but are of a longer oval shape. The
average measurement is 'QQ by '45.

G. South Africa. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].
3. Cape Colony (^. i.i«?/«r6?; Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.).
3. Capo Colony [T. Atmore : Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tra7u CM.).

Prinia mystacea, Rilpp.
(Plate XI. fig. 1.)

Drymoeca affinis, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 258 (1875-84),

Prinia mystacea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 191 (1883) ; Marshall,

Ibis, 1900, p. 231 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 54 (1899) ; Stark ^

Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 135 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 240 (1903).

The eggs of the Tawny-flanked Wren- Warbler are of a regular
oval form and glossy. The ground-colour is pale pinkish buff or
pale blue or bluish white, spotted and blotched with pale brown
and pinkish brown. Some specimens have a wreath of fine inter-
twined lines round the broad end. The eggs of this species are
quite intermediate between those of P. inornata and P. hlan-
fordi, described below, having the ground-colours of the latter and
the markings of the former. They measure from '57 to '69 in
length, and from '43 to "48 in breadth.

4. Natal (r. ^yres). Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. Potchefstroom, Transvaal ( T. Ayres : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).

Prinia inornata, Sykes.

Prinia inornata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 194 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit, hid.. Birds, i. p. 452 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Eggs hid. Birds, i. p. 301 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 240 (1903).

The eggs of the Indian Wren- Warbler are of a blunt oval form,
sometimes approaching the spheroidal, and very glossy. They are
thus described by Mr. Hume : — " The ground-colour is normally a
beautiful pale greenish blue, most richly marked with various
shades of deep chocolate and reddish brown. Nothing can exceed

PRINIA, 243

the beauty or variety of the markings, which are a combination of
bold blotches, clouds, and spots, with delicate, intricate inter-
woven lines recalling somewhat, but more elaborate and, I think,
finer than, those of our old favourite — the Yellow Ammer. The
markings are invariably most conspicuous at the large end, where
there is very commonly a conspicuous confluent cap, and the
delicate lines are almost without exception confined to the broader
half of the egg.

*' Very commonly the smaller end of the egg is entirely spotless,
and I have a beautiful specimen now before me in which the only
markings consist of a ring of delicate lines round the large end.
Some idea of the delicacy and intricacy of these lines may be formed
when I mention that this zone is barely one- tenth of an inch broad,
and yet, in a |food light, between twenty and thirty interlaced lines
making up this zone may be counted."

The eggs measure from '53 to -7 in length, and from -42 to -5 in
breadth.

18. India. W. RadclifTe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

2. Sind (J. H. Gould). Salvin-Godman Coll.

0. Sind (J. H. G.). Gould Coll.
261. North- West Provinces, India. Hume Coll.

32. Agra, July and Aug. Hume Coll.

3. Aligarh, Aupr. Hume Coll.
3. Allahabad, 5th Julv. Hume Coll.
3. Allahabad, 29th July. Hume Coll.
6. Bombay, 13th Oct. Hume Coll.

15. Saugor, C. Provs., Aug. Hume Coll.

8. Raipur, C. Provs. Hume Coll.

1. Belgaum {E. A. Butler). Hume Coll.

2. Coonoor,Nilghiri Hills, 22nd May. Hume Coll.
2. Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 5th Hume Coll.

July [Miss Cockburn).
6. Ceylon, March and April {A. L. Crowley Bequest.
Butler).

Prinia blanfordi {Wold.).

Prinia inornata {nee Sykes), Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 195, part.

(1883).
Prinia blanfordi, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 454 (1889) ; id. ed.

Hume, Nests 8r Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 305 (1889) ; SJiarpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 240 (1903).

The eggs of the Burmese Wren-Warbler differ from those of
P. inornata in the colour of the ground, which in the majority of
specimens is pale pinkish buff; in others pale blue or greenish
white ; and in others again a pale salmon-pink. The markings are
of quite the same character in the eggs of the two species, but in
those of the present bird they are always bolder and larger.

2. Pegu, 30th May {E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.

2. Pegu, 28th June {E. W. O.). Oates Coll.

2. Pegu, 10th Julv {E. W. O.). Oates Coll.

244 STLVIID.E.

7. Pegu, lOth July {E. W. Gates). nume Coll.

17. Pecru, 20tli July (K W. O.). Hume Coll.

2. Pegu, 28th July {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.

4. Pegu, 1st Aug. {E. W. O.j. Hume Coll.

2. Pegu, 28th Aug. {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.

33. Pegu, Aug. {E. W. O.). Hume Coll.

Prinia extensicauda, SiumJi.

Drymoeea extensicauda, Sivinhoe, Ibis, 186-3, p. 250.

Prinia inornata {7iec Sykes),Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p._195, part. (1883).

Prinia extensicauda, Oates, Fauna Brit, hid., Birds, i. p. 454 (1889) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 240 (1903).
Prinia inornata, La Touche, Ibis, 1898, p. 3G0.

The eggs of the Chinese \Yren-Warbler are inseparable from
those of P. inornata, and are consequently quite distinct from those
of P. blai}fordi.

353, YoYmoQ&(R. Szuinhoe). Seebohm Coll.

4. Tamsui, Formosa, end of June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.

3. Foochow, China. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.^

4. Foochow, 5th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.'

Prinia sylvatica, Jerd.

Drymoeea valida, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 525 (1879).

Drymoeea jerdoni, Legge, op. cit. p. 527 (1879).

Prima sylvatica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 199 (1883) ; OateSy
Fauna, Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 451 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs
Ind. Birds, i. p. 299 (1889) ; Sharpe, Iland-l iv. p. 241 (1903).

The eggs of the Jungle Wren-AYarbler are of a rather elongate
oval form and glossy. The ground-colour varies ; in many speci-
mens it is of a pale greenish-blue or greenish-white colour, in
others, perhaps the majority, it is cream-coloured or very pale
pinkish buff. It is usually very thickly freckled with reddish-
brown, and the markings generally become excessively dense and
form a well-defined zone round the broad end. In a few examples
the markings are larger and more blotchy, but the zone at the
large end is always present, as in the common type of egg. A
series of specimens measure from '64 to '75 in length, and from
•49 to '53 in breadth.

4.

India.

Crowley Bequest

2.

Sitapur, Oudh, 8th Aug. {C. R.
Cock).

Hume Coll.

1.

Jhausi, Aug.

Hume Coll.

20.

Central India.

Hume Coll.

1.

Seoni, C. Provs., 24th Aug.

Hume Coll.

3.

Raipur, C. Provs.

Hume Coll.

15.

Raipur, 1st Jul v.

Hume Coll.

10.

Deesa, 17th Aug. (E. A. Butler).

Hume Coll.

1.

Kandesh, 7th Sept.

Hume Coll.

3.

Muddapur, Bengal, 12th Jtily
( W. E. Brooks).

Hume Coll.

2

Cevlon, lOth April {A. L. Butler).

Crowley Bequest

PRINIA. — BURNESIA. 245

Prinia polychroa {Temm.),

(Plate XI. fig. 2.)

Siiya polycliroa, Nicholson, Ibis, 1881, p. 150.

Piiuia polychroa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 202 (1883) ; Nehrk,
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 54 (1899) ; Sharpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 241 (1903).

The Q^% of the Java Wren-Warbler in the Collection is of a blunt
oval form and fairly glossy. It is of a very pale greenish -blue colour,
marked at the broader end with a large cap of rich chestnut and
with a few blotches of the same colour elsewhere. The cap is of
very irregular shape aud portions of it reach as far as the middle of
the egg. This example measures '64 by '47.

1. Java, 25th April (ZT. O. Forbes). F. Nicholson, Esq. [P.],

Genus BURNESIA, Jerd.

Burnesia flaviventris (Deless.).

Biirnesia flaviventris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 204 (1883) ; id.

Hand-l iv. p. 241 (1903).
Prinia flaviventris, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 449 (1889) ; id.

ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 289 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat,

Eiersamml. p. 54 (1899).

The eggs of the Yellow-bellied Wren-Warbler are of a broad oval
shape, approaching the spheroidal in many cases. They are highly
glossy. They vary from a bright chestnut to a deep purplish-
chestnut colour. Little of the ground-colour is ever visible in the eggs
of this species, but when glimpses of it are to be seen it is found to
be of a slightly paler colour than the markings. They measure from
•52 to -6 in length, and from -43 to "48 in breadth.

5. Eastern Narra, Sind {S. Doig). Hume Coll.

2. Calcutta, 14th May {H. C. Parker). Hume Coll.
5. Calcutta, 15th July {H. C. P.). Hume Coll.

1. Pegu, 28th July {^E. W. Oates : Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.).

Burnesia sonitans (Swinh.).

Prinia sonitans, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1860, p. 50 ; 1863, p. 302 ; La Touche,

Ibis, 1898, p. 359.
Burnesia sonitans, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 205 (1883) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 54 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. jv. p. 241 (1903).

The eggs of the Clamorous Wren- Warbler are of a broad oval
form ajid very glossy. They are cream-coloured, densely streaked
aud mottled with bright chestnut. In many specimens about
one-third of the ground-colour is visible, in others only one-fourth,
and in a few the ground is completely covered and the e^^ is-

246 BYLVIID^.

uniform chestnut. They measure from '52 to '64 in length, and
from -43 to -5 in breadth.

207. Formosa {R Siuinhoe). Seebohm Coll.

7. Formosa {R. Swinhoe : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

2. Foochow, China, 5th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

5. Foochow, 20th May. C. B. Kickett, Esq. [P.].

Burnesia superciliaris (Salvacl).

(Plate XI. fig. 4.)

Prinia superciHaris, Sharpe, P. Z. S 1879, p. 341.

Bm'nesia superciliaris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p, 206 (1883) ; id.

Ibis, 1889, p. 278; Everett, List Birds Borneo, p. 102 (1889);

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 54 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hayid-l. iv. p. 241

ri903).

The eggs of the Bornean Wren-Warbler are broad ovals and very
glossy. They vary from pinkish brown to a rich dark chestnut
colour. They are almost uniform, little or none of the ground-
colour being visible. They measure from '59 to '64 in length,
and from '48 to "51 in breadth.

13. Labuan, Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].

2. Borneo. A. H. Everett, Esq. [C.].

3. Labuan, 20th May {J. Whitehead). Crowley Bequest.
15. Labuan {Sir Hugh Low). Crowley Bequest.

Burnesia substriata (A. Smith).
(Plate XI. fig. 3.)

Drymceca substriata, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 256

(1875-84).
Burnesia substriata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 206 (1883) ; id.

Hand-l. iv. p. 24] (1903).
Prinia substriata, Stark ^' Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 131

(1901).

The eggs of the White-breasted Wren-Warbler resemble those of
typical Prinia. They vary in shape from a rather blunt to a long
oval form and are highly glossed. The ground-colour is pale sea-
green, sparingly blotched and spotted all over with chocolate-
brown, reddish brown, and under-lying lavender markings. They
measure from '6 to '68 in length, and '44 to 45 in breadth.

4. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

4. South Africa. Crowley Bequest.

Burnesia socialis {Syhes).

Prinia socialis, Legye, Birds Ceylon, p. 529 (1879) ; Gates, Fauna Brit.

Ind., Birds, i. p. 450 (1889); id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind.

Birds, i. p. 291 (1889).
Burnesia socialis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 208 (1883) ; Nehrk,

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 54 (1899): Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 242 (1903).

BURXESIA. 247

The eggs of the Ashy Wren-Warbler are of a somewhat pointed
oval form and exceedingly glossy. They vary from brick-red to
rilih chestnut in colour, some being paler, some darker. The
broad end of the egg is generally darker than the remainder of the
shell, and exhibits a cap or zone. The eggs measure from '6 to
•68 in length, and from '45 to '5 in breadth.

4. India. W. KadclifFe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

27.

TIansi, Punjab, Aug.

Hume Coll.

6.

Agra, 16th June {A. 0. Hume).

Hume Coll.

1.

Agra, 17th July {A. 0. IL).

Hume Coll.

4.

Agra, 20th July {A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

3.

Agra, 26th July {A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Agra, 27th July {A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Agra, 28th July {A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

3.

Agra, 30th July {A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

3.

Agra, Ist to 8th Aug. (A. 0. H.).

Hume CoU.

2.

Agra, 14th Aug. {A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

2!

Agra, 16th Aug. {A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

3.

Agra, 23rd Aug. {A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

2,

Mirzapur {W. E. Brooks: Tris-
tram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

7.

Raipur, C. Provs. (A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

9.

Saugor, C. Provs. [A. 0. H.).

Hume Coll.

2,

Belgaum, 22nd July {E, A.

Butler).
Nilghiri Hills, 16th May.

Crowley Bequest.

3.

Hume Coll.

2.

Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 13th
Juiie {Miss Cockhurn).

Hume Coll.

2.

Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills, 22nd May.

Hume Coll.

1!

Coonoor.

Hume Coll.

2,

Curzon, Nilghiri Hills, 2nd May.

Hume Coll.

7'.

Ceylon, March {A. L. Butler).,

Crowley Bequest.

Burnesia gracilis (Oretzschm.).

Malurus gracilis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 162, tab. xix. fig. 5

(1845-54).
Drymceca gracilis, Tristram, Ibis, 1865, p. 82 ; Heui/l. Orn. N. O.^-Afr.

p. 242, taf. xliii. fig. 7 (1873) ; Dresser , Birds Eur. iii. p. 13, part.

(1879).
Burnesia gracilis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 210 (1883) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 54 (1899) ; Sharpe. Rand4. iv. p. 242 (1903).

The eggs of the Streaked Wren-Warbler are of a somewhat
broad oval form and fairly glossy. They are of a pinkish cream-
colour, densely freckled with chestnut, especially round the broad
end, where the markings form either a cap or a broad zone. Ten
specimens measure from '57 to '6 in length, and '45 in breadth,

2. Palestine, 18th May. Canon Tristram [C.].

3. Waters of Merom,* Palestine, 27th Salvin-Godman Coll,

May {H. B. Tristram).

2. "Egypt. Old Collection.

1, Nubia, 13th June. Col. W. Verner [PJ.

2. Soudan, 28th May (7r. Fe/wr). Seebohm Coll.

24S

SYLVTIDiE.

Burnesia lepida {Blyth).

Burnesia lepida, A. Andersoji, Ibis, 1872, p. 237; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. vii. p. 211 (1883) ; id. Ibis, 1891, p. 109; Nehi'k. Kat. Bier-
scimml. p. 54 (1899) ; Shaiye, Hand-l. iv. p. 242 (1903).

Prinia lepida, Oates, Fmina Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 448 (1889) ; id. ed.
Hume, Nests ^ Eygs Indian Birds, i. p. 287 (1889).

The eggs of the Indian Streaked Wren-Warbler are mostly of a
Fhort broad oval shape, and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss.
The ground-colour varies from greenish white to pale greenish
blue, and is very thickly freckled, streaked, and blotched with
bright chestnut-brown. In many specimens the markings are
more dense at the broad end than elsewhere, and form an ill-
defined, irregular zone. The eggs, as remarked by Mr. Hume, are
very similar in colour to those of the Common Blackbird. They
measure from -48 to "59 in length, and from -4 to "45 in breadth.

16
2

12

3
40

4

Fao, Persian Gulf. W. D. Gumming, Esq. [P.].

Sind {J. H. Gould). Salvin-Godman Coll.

Sind {J. H. G.). Gould Coll.

Sind (J. H. G.). Crowley Bequest.

Sind. Hume Coll.
Delhi, 28tli March {C. T. Bimj- Hume Coll.

ham),

Delhi, 12th June (C. T. B.). Hume Coll.

Delhi, 29th June {C. T. B.). Hume Coll.

Futteligurh. Hume Coll.

Allahabad, 8th May. Hume Coll.

Allahabad, 12th May. Hume Coll.

Allahabad, 2Qth June. Hume Coll.

Allahabad, 15th July. Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Genus MALURUS, Vieill.
Malurus cyaneus (Ellis).

Malurus cyaneus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. qes. Vog. p. 161, tab. xix. fig. 1
(1845-54) ; Gould, Handb. Birds' Austr. i. p. 317 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 286 (1879) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 112 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 28 (1899) ; Camp-
hell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 163, pi. 8 (1901); Sha?'pe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 243 (1903).

The eggs of the Blue Superb- Warbler are of a regular oval shape
and nearly devoid of all gloss. They are of a white or pinkish-
white colour, marked with chestnut and lilac-red. On some
examples the markings are very minute, merely specks, evenly
spread over the whole shell ; on others they consist of confluent
blotches at the broad end, forming a zone, and of small spots else-
where ; and on others, again, they consist of spots and small
blotches, evenly distributed over the shell. Specimens measure
from -64 to "71 in length, and from '48 to -53 in breadth. -. "'-•

3. Queensland (Oiren). (Toukl Coll.

3, Q.neenslaiKl (0»fc??). Gould Coll.

MALTJHirS.

249

3 . New South Wales.
3. Dobroyde, N.S.W., Nov. {H. P.
Ramsay : Tristram Coll.).

2. Sydney {R P. R. : Tristram Coll.).

3. Bogan Kiver, N.S.W., 30tli Sept.

(with an egg of Chalcococcyx
basalts).
3. Melbourne.

3. Mouth of Yarra River, Melbourne,

2]st^ov.(A.J.North).
5, South Australia.

4. South Australia.
4. South Australia.

1. South Australia.

3. South Australia, Nov. {Tristram
Coll.).

2. Werribee, Victoria, 8th Dec.

Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

[P.].

Malurus gouldi, Sharpe.

Malurus longicaudus, T/iien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vdg. p. 161, tab. xix. fig. 2

(1845-54) ; Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 320 (1865).
Malurus gouldi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 287 (1879); North,

Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 113 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 28 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 169

(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 243 (1903).

The eggs of the Long-tailed Superb-Warbler resemble those of
M. cyaneus. They measure from 'Q(y to '71 in length, and from
•5 to 'bb in breadth.

8. Australia {E. D. Atkinson).

3. Sandhurst, Victoria, 29th Nov.
{A. J. North).

2. Tasmania.

3. Tasmania {C. Cfould).
1 . Tasmani a ( Wilson) .

I, Tasmania ( W. H. Bignold).

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Cull.
Crowley Bequest.

Malurus splendens (Q. ^ G^.).

(Plate XI. fig. 5.)

Malurus splendens, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vdg. p. 162, tab. xix. fig. 4
(1845-54); Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 323 (1865); Sharpej
Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 289 (1879); North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 115 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 28 (1899) ; Camp^
bell, Nests Sr Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 172 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 243 (1903).

The eggs of the Banded Superb- Warbler in the Collection
resemble some of those of 31. cyaneus, and exhibit a well-marked
zone of spots at the broad end. They measure respectively : '7 by
•48 ; -68 by -5.

2. West Australia. '- - Gould Coll.

250

SYLVIIDJ^.

Malurus leucopterus, Q. Sf G.

Malurus leucopterus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 830 (1865);
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 290(1879); Ramsay, Proc. Linn.
Soc. N.S. W. vii. p. 49 (1882) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds,
p. 116 (1889) ; Nehrk. Nat. Eiersamml. p. 28 (1»99) ; Campbell,
Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 173 (1801) j Sharpen Hand-l. iv.
p. 244 (1903).

The eggs of the White-winged Superb-Warbler in the Collection
are white, speckled with rufous. In one example the markings are
extremely minute and faint in colour ; in the other they are
distinct and rather dense at the broad end. Thev measure respec-
tively : -62 by -45 ; -6 by '44.

2. Australia. Gould Coll.

Malurus lamberti, Vig. Sf Horsf.

Malurus lamberti, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 327 (18G5) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 292 (1879) ; North, Nests Sf Eggs Austr.
Birds, ^. 113 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 28 (1899) ; Camp-
bell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 176 (1901); Sharpe, Hand-l.
iv. p. 244 (1903).

The eggs of Lambert's Superb - Warbler resemble those of
31. cycmeus, but the markings are somewhat browner and less
rufous. One eg^ in the Gould Collection, referred to this species,
is almost plain white, with only a few faint dots at the larger end.
They measure '62 to '63 in length, and '47 to '48 in breadth.

3. Pimpama, Queensland, 21st Aug. Crov^dey Bequest.

{A. J. Campbell).
1. South Austraha {White). Gould Coll.

1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

Malurus pulcherrimus, Gould.

Malurus pulcherrimus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 326 (I860) ,*
JSharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 294 (1879) ; North, Nests ^' Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 116 (1889) ; Canwbell, Nests S^ Eqgs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 177 (1901) ; Shar2:)e, Hand-lh. p. 244 (1903)'.

Two eggs of the Blue-breasted Superb- W^arbler are white,
marked at the broad end with a few blotches of chestnut-red and
lilac, and with a few specks of the same elsewhere. They measure
respectively : 'Q>Q by -48 ; -65 by -49.

2. Wongan Hills, West Australia, Gould Coll.
27th Oct.

Malurus melanocephalus, Vig. Sf Horsf.

Malurus melanocephalus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. \. p. 333 (1860)5
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv p. 296 (1879) ; North, Nests ^' Eggs

MALURirS. STIPITTJRUS. 251

Austr. Birds, p. U7 (1889) ; NehrTc. Kat. Hiersamml p. 28 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests Sf Bqgs Austr. Birds, i. p. 180 (1901) ; (Sharpe.
Hand-l. iv. p. 244 (1903).

The eggs of the Orange-backed Superb-Warbler resemble those of
M. cy emeus. They measure from '6 to 'Q7 in length, and from '45
to '48 in breadth.

2. Queensland (Oiven). Gould Coll.

2. Queensland, 18th July (Alder). Gould Coll.

3. Queensland. W. S. Day, Esq. [P.]

1. New South Wales, 11th Dec. Gould Coll.

{Wilson}.

Malurus dor sails, Lewin.
(Plate XI. fig. 6.)

Malurus cruentatus, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 334 (1865) ;
North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 118 (1889).

Malurus dorsalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B, M. iv. p. 296 (1879) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 28 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds^
i. p. 179 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 244 (1903).

Malurus brownii, Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. vii. p. 408 (1882).

Malurus cruentatus boweri, Le Sou'ef, Vict. Nat. xvi. p. 65 (1899).

The eggs of the Red-backed Superb- Warbler resemble those of
M. cyanms, but are much smaller. They measure from 'bQ to '6
in length, and from -45 to '47 in breadth.

2. Cape York, N. Australia. Gould Coll.

3. Port Essington. Gould Coll.

3. Rockhampton Bay, Queensland, Crowley Bequest.

25th Nov. {North Coll.).
3, Dawson River, Queensland, Crowley Bequest.

17th March {North Coll.).

Genus STIPITURUS, Less.

Stipiturus malachurus {Shaw).

(PJate XI. fig. 8.)

Stipiturus malachurus, E. P. Ramsay, Ibis, 1863, p. 177 ; Gould, Handb,
Birds Austr. i. p. 339 ; North, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 124
(1889); Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 214, pi. 10
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 245 (1903).

Stipiturus malacurus {lapsu), Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 100 (1883).

The eggs of the Emu-Wren are of a regular oval form and
slightly glossy. They are white, thickly sprinkled, more so at the
large end than elsewhere, with specks and small spots of chestnut-
red. They measure respectively : -61 by -48 ; '62 by -49 ; -61 by
•5 ; -61 by '5.

1. NewSouth Wales (W^e'feow). Gould Coll.

1. Long Island, New South Wales, Gould Coll.
25th Sept. {E. P. Raynsay).

252 SYLVIIDiE. VIEEONIDiE.

1. Cape Otway, Victoria {E. P. Sey- Crowley Bequest.

mour).
1. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.

Genus BEBRORNIS, Sharpe,

Beljrornis rodericanus {E. Neivton),

(Plate XI. fig. 9.)

Bradypterus rodericanus, Sharpe, Phil. Trans, 168. p. 459 (1879).
Bebrornis rodericanus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 102 (1883) j id.
Hand-l. iv. p. 245 (1903).

An e^^ of the Rodriguez-Island ^Yarbler in the Collection is oval
in form and quite devoid of all gloss. It is white, spotted and
blotched with umber-brown, greyish brown, and pale underlying
lavender. The markings are dense on the broader half of the Q^^
and rather sparse elsewhere. It measures -7 by '49.

1. Island of Rodriguez {G. Gulliver : Royal Society [P.].

Transit of Venus Exped.).

Genus SPHENURA, LicJit.

Sphenura longirostris {Gould).

(Plate XI. fig. 7.)

Si3henura longirostris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 348 (1865);
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. p. 105 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 126, pi. viii. fig. 15 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests 8^ Eggs
Austr. Birds, i. p. 219 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 246 (1903).

The eggs of the Long-billed Bristle-bird are of a very broad oval
form and possess a small amount of gloss. They are of a greyish-
white colour, spotted and blotched with ashy brown and dark
lavender-grey. The markings are of larger size at the broad end
and more or less confluent, forming an ill-defined cap. Two
examples measure respectively : -87 by "71 ; '91 by '72.

2. West Australia. Gould Coll.

Family VIHEONID^.

The eggs of all the Greenlets which are represented in the
Collection are so similar to each other that it is useless attempting
to describe them separately.

They are of a pointed oval shape, the smaller end being much
compressed. The majority are without gloss ; some have a faint
trace of gloss, and a few might be termed moderately glossy.

They are w^hite, speckled, almost entirely on the broad half of eke
e^^, with dots and small spots of black or purplish brown, pinkish
brown, and lavender. On some specimens the markings are

< YTREO. 253

extremely fine and delicate, on others they attain the dimensions
of small blotches. Sometimes the markings on a specimen are all
of one colour ; more frequently they are of two of the colours noted
above, rarely of all three colours.

Genus VIREO, Vieill.

Vireo calidris (Linn.).

Vireo calidris, Salv. <§• Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 186 (1881) ;

Gadozo, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 293 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 73 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 247 (1903).
Vireosylvia altiloqua, A.^ E. Neivton, Ibis, 1859, p. 145.

The eggs of the Long-billed Greenlet measure from -8 to '9 in
length, and from '59 to 'Ql in breadth.

4. Jamaica. Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. Jamaica. Crowley Bequest.

3. Preference Valley, Grenada, W. Crowley Bequest.

Indies, 7th July {J. G. Wells).

3. Grenada {J. G. Wells). Crowley Bequest.

Vireo olivaceus {Linn.).

Vireo olivacena, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vdg. tab. xxix. fig. 12 (1845-54) ;
Sale. <^* Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., ^y^s, i. p. 188 (1881) ; Gadow^
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 294 (1883) ; ^'ehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 73
(1899); Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 204 (1900); Sharps,
Hand-l, B. iv. p. 247 (1903).

Vireosylvia olivacea, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 363
(1874).

The eggs of the Red-eyed Greenlet measure from -76 to -9 ia
length, and from -53 to "62 in breadth.

3. North America (Henshaiv Coll.), Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. North America {Smiths. Inst). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America. Old Collection.

3. North America. Crowley Bequest.

3. Michigan. Prof. Steere [P.].

4. Concord, Massachusetts {Henshaio Salvin-Godman Coll.

Coll.).
4. Connecticut. Crowley Bequest.

4. West Chester, Pennsylvania, 16th Crowley Bequest,

June.

Vireo flavoviridis (Cassin).

Vireo flavoviridis, Salv. Sf Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i, p. 189 (1881) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 295 (1883) ; Underwood, Ibis,
1896, p. 434 ; Nehrk. Eat. Eiersamml. p. 73 (1899) ; Sharjje, Hand-l.
iv. p. 248 (1903).

Eggs of the Green-and-Yellow Greenlet measure from '76 to -8
in length, and from '6 to '63 in breadth.

254 VIREONID.E.

3. Vera Paz, Guatemala {Nehrkoni Crowley Beq^uest.
Coll.). \ ^

2. San Sebastian, Costa Rica, otli July. C. F. Underwood, Esq. [CI.

3. San Jose, Costa Rica, otli July. C. F. Underwood, Esq. [C.].

Vireo chivi (Vieill.).

Tireo cliivi, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 295 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 73 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 248 (1903).

The eggs of the Active Greenlet in the Collection measure re-
spectively : '78 by -57 ; 79 by '57.

1. [S. America.] Crowley Bequest.

1. Rio Grande, Brazil (AWi;'A;oni Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Vireo gilvus ( Vieill,).

Vireosvlvia gilvus, Baird, B reiver 8^ Bidgiu. N. Amer. Birds, i, p. 368

(1*874).
\ ireo gilvus, Salv. ^' Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 192 (1881) ;

Gadoic, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 296 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 73 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 249 (1903).

Eggs of the Warbling Greenlet measure from '72 to '79 in length,
and from '54 to '58 in breadth.

1. -North America {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

3. North America, 26th July (//. W. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Henshaic).

4. New Jersey, May {Tristrayn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Vireo swainsoni (Baird).

Vireosvlvia gilvus, var. swainsoni, Baird, Breicer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer,

Birds, i. p. 371 (1874).
Vireo gilvus swainsoni, Cones, Birds Color. Valley, p. 501.
Vireo gilvus, Gadoir, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 296, part. (1883).
Vireo swainsoni, Nehrk. Kat. Biersamml. p. 73 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 249 (1903).

Two eggs of the Western Warbling Greenlet measure respectively :
•74 by -55 ; -76 by -54.

2. California (i?. Ridgicay : Tristram Crowlev Bequest.
Coll.).

Vireo flavifrons, Vieill.
(Plate XI. fig. 11.)

Vireo flavifrons, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxix. fig. 13 (184o-»^4) ;

Salv. 4* God?7i. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 194 (1881) ; Gadow,

Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 298 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 73

(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 249 (1903).
Lanivireo flavifrons, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, i, p. 379

(1874).

viREo. 255

The eggs of the Yellow-throated Greenlet measure from '77 to
•85 in length, and from '52 to -59 in breadth. The markings on
some specimens are larger and more numerous than is usual in the
eggs of the birds of this group.

1. North America. Crowley Bequest.

4. Massachusetts (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-iGrodman Coll.

3. Bethel, Connecticut, 4th June. Crowley Bequest.

Vireo solitarius (Wilson).

Vireo solitarius, Salv. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 196 (1881) ;

Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 298 (1883); Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 73 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 250 (1903).
Lanivireo solitanuS; Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgic. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 373
(1874).

Pour eggs of the Blue-headed Greenlet measure respectively :
•79 by -6 ; ^8 by •G ; -76 by -6 ; 77 by by -6.

4. Wellesley, Massachusetts (Henshaiv Coll). Salvin-Godman Coll.

Vireo plumbeus, Coues.

Vireo plumbeus, Salt). ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, I. p. 198 (1881) ;

Gadoic, Cat Birds B. M. viii. p. 299 (1883) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.

p. 250(1903).
Lanivireo solitarius, var. plumbeus, Baird, B reiver 8f Ridgio. N. Amer,

Birds, i. p. 377 (1874).

An e^^ of the Lead-coloured Greenlet measures ^75 by '55.
1. El Paso Co., Colorado (C. E. Aiken). Salvin-Godman Coll.

Vireo noveboracensis {Gmel.X

Vireo noveboracensis, Baird, Breioer ^ Ridgio. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 385
(1874) ; Salv. ^ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 200 (1881);
Gadoiu, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 300 (1883) ; Reid, Bull. U.S. Nat.
Mus. no. 25, p. 190 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 73 (1899) :
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 250 (1903).

Eggs of the White-eyed Greenlet measure from '69 to •S in
length, aud form -52 to -58 in breadth. An abnormally shaped
example measures -98 by •S.

5. North America {Henshaio Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America {Henshaio Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. North America {Smiths. Itist.). Salvin-Godman Coll,

2. Bermuda. Salvin-Godman Coll.

7. Bermuda. Capt. Savile G. Eeid [P.].

3. Bermuda (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Vireo belli, Auduh.

Vireo belli, Baird, Brewer <§• Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 389 (1874) ;
Salv. Sr Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 200 (1882) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 301 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml,
p. 73 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 251 (1903).

256 VIREONIDiE. AMPELIDiE.

The eggs of Bell's Greenlet in the Collection are very faintly-
speckled with rufous at the broad end only. They measure re-
spectively : '7 by -5 ; '68 by -5.

2. Texas. Crowley Bequest.

Vireo modestus, Sd.

(Plate XI. fig. 12.)

Vireo noveboracensis (nee Gm.), Goi^se, Birds Jamaica, p. 192 (1847).
Yireo modestus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 303 (1883) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 252 (1903).

The eggs of the Plain Greenlet differ from those of the other
species of Greeulets in being very boldly marked, the spots and
blotches forming a strongly-defined band round or about the broad
end. Two examples measure respectively : '78 by 'hb ; '79 by "57.

2. Kingston, Jamaica, l.!.th May Crowley Bequest.

{C.B.Taylor).

Family AMPELID^.

Genus AMPELIS, Linn.

Ampelis garrulus, Linn.

Bombycilla garrula, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 52. fig. 20 (1855-63) ;

iVolley, P. Z. S. 1857, p. 55, Aves, pi. cxxii. ; von Nordm. J. f. O.

1858, p. 307, 1859, taf. i. figs, a, b; Wheehcriyht, A Spriny and

Summer in LapJand, p. 279 (1871).
Ampelis irarrulus, Neivton, Ibis, 1861, p, 92, pi. iv. ; Dresser, Birds Eur.

iii. p^ 429 (1873) ; Seehohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 3, pi. 11 (1884) ;

Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 212 (1885) ; Seebohm, Eyys of Brit.

Birds, p. 233, pi. 54. fig. 19 (1896); Wolley 8,^ Neivton, Ootheca

W^olleyana, pt. ii. p. 212, pi. x. (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 259

(1903).

Eggs of the Waxwing are of a regular oval shape, but some
specimens have the smaller end compressed and pointed. They
have a moderate amount of gloss. They are greyish blue, sometimes
wath an olive tinge, very distinctly spotted all over with black or
deep blackish brown and underlying lavender-grey. Some of the
darker spots have their edges blurred and running into the sur-
rounding ground-colour. The markings, in all the examples in the
Collection, are remarkably evenly spread over the whole shell and
there is never any tendency for them to form a cap at the broad
end of the e^g. Specimens measure from -86 to 1*02 in length,
and from -65 to '7 in breadth.

1. Lapland {J. Wolley). Seebohm Coll.

1. Lapland [J. W.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Lapland, 12th June (J. W.). Seebohm Coll.

ARTAMID^.

257

5. Lapland, 20tli June {J. W.).

5, Lapland, 25th June {J. W.).
2. Lapland, 29tli June {J. W.).

1. Muonivara {J. W. : Tristram CoU.).

1. Lapland, 6tli June.

6. Quickjock, Lapland {H. W. Wheel-

wright) .

2. Lapland {H. W. W.).

3. YmlsiU^ {Tristram Coll).

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Ampelis cedrorum ( Vieill.).

Ampelis carolinensis, Thien. Fortp/lanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxx. fig. 7, a-c

(184.5-54).
Ampelis cedrorum, Lord, Proc. R. A. Inst. Woolwich, iv. p. 338 (1865) ;

Baird, Brewer S^'Ridgw, N. Amer. Birds j i. p. 401 (1874) ; Salv. 8;

Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 215 (1883); Sharps, Cat.

Birds B. M. x. p. 215 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 87

(1899) ; Sharpe, Kand-l. iv. p. 259 (1903).

The eggs of the Cedar-bird resemble those of the Waxwing, but
are rather smaller. They measure from '82 to '93 in length, and
from '58 to -68 in breadth.

4. North America {Henshaw Coll.).
6. North America {Smiths. Inst.).
1. North America.

1. North America.

3. North America {Whiteaves: Mon-

treal Mus.).

2. North America [Audubon).

4. British Columbia {J. K. Lord).
4. New Brunswick {H. E. Dresser:

Tristram Coll.).

3. New Brunswick {R. E, D. : Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

N. Amer. Bound. Comm.

Crowley Bequest.

Family AUTAMID^.
Genus ARTAMUS, Vieill.

Artamus leucogaster ( Valenc).

Artamus leucopygialis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 154 (1865).

Artamus leucorhynus, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 345.

Artamus leucogaster, North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 43 (1889) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 353 (1889) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 3 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 119
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 461, pi. 15
(1901) ; Sharpe, Kand-l. iv. p. 260 (1903).

Artamus leucorhynchus, Sharpe, Ibis, 1889, p. 433.

Eggs of the White-rumped Swallow-Shrike are mostly of a regular
oval form and possess a slight amount of gloss. They are cream-

VOL. IV. s

258 ARTAMID^.

coloured, spotted and blotched with rusty brown or pale chestnut
and underlying lavender-grey. The markings are generally clustered
round the broad end of the egg and form a strongly-marked but
irregular zone or wreath. Specimens measure from -85 to '95 in
length, and from -64 to -69 in breadth.

4. Labuan, Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].

3. Labuan, June {J. Whitehead). Crowley Bequest.

1. Port Essington, Australia. Gould Coll.
3. New South Wales, 29th Sept. Gould CoU.

{F. Strange).
3. Merungu, N.S.W., 10th Oct. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).
3. Lachlan River, N.S.W., 7th Sept. Crowley Bequest.

(A. J. N.).

2. Lachlan River {E. P. Ramsay). Crowley Bequest.

Artamus mentalis, Jard.

(Plate XI. fig. 13.)

Artamus mentalis, Finsch ^ Hartl. Faun. Centralpolyn. p. 84, tab. i. fig. 5
(1867); Layard, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 434; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 9 (i890) ; Neh'k. Kat. Fiersamml. p. 119, taf. iii. fig. 32
(1899) ; Sharpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 261 (1903) .

An egg of the Black-throated Swallow-Shrike in the Collection is
of a regular oval form and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour
is creamy white, spotted and blotched with rusty brown and
lavender-grey, the markings being mostly confined to a zone round
the larger end. It measures '75 in length, and '59 in breadth.

1. Fiji Islands (Tm^ram Co/?.). Crowley Bequest.

Artamus fuscus, Vieill.
(Plate XL fig. 10.)

Artamus fuscus, Z^/7^^, Birds Ceylon, -t^. 666 (1879) ; Oates, Fauna Brit.
Ind., Birds, i. p. 498 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds,
i. p. 360 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 11 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 120 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 261
(1903).

The eggs of the Ashy Swallow-Shrike are not generally separable
from those of A. leucogaster, but they appear to be more varied. In
some specimens, for instance, the markings are almost entirely of a
lavender colour, and in others they are similarly of a rusty brown
or pale chestnut colour. They measure from -81 to -98 in length,
and from -6 to '71 in breadth.

1. India. Crowley Bequest.

1. Sikhira, 5th June (/, 6'«w?w/e). Hume Coll. > ,

2. Sikhim {J. G.). Hume Coll.

ARTAMUS.

259

8. Mongphoo, Darjiling {J. G.).

2. Mongphoo (J. G.).

3. Mongphoo, 16th April {J. G.).
2. Mongphoo, 24th April (J. G.).
2. Mongphoo, 30th April (J, G.).
2. Faridpur, E. Bengal, 16th April

(J. R. Cripps).
2. Faridpur, 17th April {J. R. C).
1. Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 17th

May {Miss Cockburn).
1. Akyab, Burma {E. R. Shopland).

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

Artamus superciliosus {Gould).

(Plate XI. fig. 15.)

Artamus superciliosus, Gould, Kandh. Birds Austr. i. p. 152 (1865);
North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 47 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xiii. p. 15 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 120 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 463, pi. 15 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l iv. p. 261 (1903).

The eggs of the White-eyebrowed Wood-Swallew are of an oval
shape and moderately glossy. They are pale greyish green, densely
mottled and streaked all over with umber-brown and under-lying
purplish grey. They measure from '8 to '95 in length, and from
•64 to -68 in breadth.

2. Dawson River, Queensland, 11th Dec.
[North Coll.).

2. New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay).

3. Albert Park, Melbourne, 20th Dec.

{A. J. North).
3. Victoria, Australia.
5. Victoria.
1. Gippsland, Victoria.

Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Government of Victoria [P.].
Government of Victoria [P.J.
F. A. Philbriek, Esq., K.C. [P.].

Artamus personatus {Gould).

Artamus personatus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 150 (18B5) ; North,
Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 44 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 16 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 120 (1899) ; Campbell,
Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 466 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv.
p. 261 (1903).

The eggs of the Masked Wood-Swallow resemble those of
A. superciliosus very closely, but some specimens are less densely
marked, leaving much more of the ground-colour visible. They
measure from -83 to -92 in length, and from -61 to '68 in breadth.

1. Swan Eiver, West Australia, Nov.

(J. G. Bostock ; Tristram Coll.).

2. West Australia ( Wilson).

Crowley Bequest.
Gould Coll.

s3

26

0 ARTAMIU^.

3.

South Australia {G, F. Angas). Gould Coll.

2.

South Australia. Gould Coll.

i!

New South Wales (j; (ro«Z<?; Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).

2.

Lachlan River, N.S.W., 10th Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).

3.

Lachlan River, 16th Nov. {A. J. N.). Crowley Bequest.
South Australia. Gould CoU.

3.

3.

Adelaide. E. S. Moulden, Esq. [P.;

3.

Victoria. Government of Victoria

P

2.

Victoria. Government of Victoria

[P

Artamus hypoleucus, Sharjpe.
(Plate XI. fig. 16.)

Artamus albiventris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 149 (1865) ;
North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 45 (1889).

Artamus hypoleucus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 17 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml. p. 120 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8r Eggs
Austr. Birds, i. p. 470 (1901) -, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 261 (1903).

The eggs of the White-beUied Swallow-Shrike do not appear to
differ from those of A. melanops described below. Three examples
measure respectively : -9 by '66 ; *92 by '67 ; '85 by '66.

3. Dawson River, Queensland, 6th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
{North Coll.).

Artamus melanops, Gould.

Artamus melanops, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 149 (1865) ; North,
Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 46, pi. viii. fig. 13 (1889) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 17 (1890); Le Souef, Vict. Nat. xvi.
p. 69 (1899) ; Camjjbell, Nests Sr Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 471 (1901);
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 262 (1903).

The eggs of the Black-faced Swallow-Shrike are of a regular
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are of a creamy-white
colour, sometimes faintly tinged with pink, spotted and blotched
with umber-brown and lavender. The markings extend over the
whole shell, but they are more numerous round the broad end of
the egg, where they are more or less confluent and form a wreath.
Specimens measure from -82 to '9 in length, and from '62 to '7
in breadth.

3. New South Wales, 18th Oct. {A. J. Crowley Bequest.

North).
3. Mossgiel,N.S.W.,3rdOct. (^.J.A^.). Crowley Bequest.
6. Lachlan River, N.S.W. (E. P. Crowley Bequest.

Ramsay).

ABTAMirS. 261

Artamus sordidus {Lath.).

Artamus sordidus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 143 (1865) ; NoHJi,
Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 42, pi. viii. fig. 14 (1889) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 19(1890); Nehrk. Kat. Biersamml.-p. 120
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 471, pi. 15 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 262.

The eggs of the Common Australian Wood- Swallow are mostly
of a broad, pointed, oval shape and slightly glossy. They are
cream-colour or pale stone-colour, spotted and blotched with deep
umber-brown and dark lavender-grey. The markings usually form
a broad but very irregular zone round the broad end and are very
sparse elsewhere. Specimens measure from '82 to '93 in length,
and from -64 to -7 in breadth.

1. Australia. Gould Coll.

2. Australia. Gould Coll.

1. Australia. Salvin-Godman ColL

2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
4. South Australia. Gould Coll.

1. Near Adelaide. E. S. Moulden, Esq. [P.].

2. Tasmania. Gould Coll.

1. Tasmania {J. Gould: Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

2. Albert Park, Melbourne, 31st Oct. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).

3. Canterbury, N.S.W., 10th Nov. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. N.).
1. Dobroyde, N.S.W. [E. P. Ramsay : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).

Artamus minor, Vieill.

Artamus minor, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 146 (1865) ; Ramsay,
Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. vii. p. 407, pi. 3. figs. 9, 10 (1882) ; NoHh,
Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 47 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 20 ((1890) ; Nehrk. Kat.Eiersamml^. 120 (1899) j Campbell,
Nests ^ Eggs Atcstr. Birds, i. p. 474 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l, iv.
p. 262 (1903).

The eggs of the Little Swallow-Shrike are of a rather broad oval
form and moderately glossy. They are of a white or creamy-white
colour, spotted and blotched, most densely at the broad end, with
pale umber-brown and lavender. Six examples measure from '67
to '76 in length, and from -51 to -59 in breadth.

3. Dawson River, Queensland, 2nd Oct. Crowley Bequest.

(North Coll.).
3. Rockhampton, Queensland, Oct. Crowley Bequest.

(North Coll.).

262 TANGID^.

Family VANGID^..

Genus ABBOTTORNIS, Richmond.

Abbottornis chabert (P. L. S. Mull.).

(Plate XT. fig. 17.)

Leptopterus viridis, Roch 8f K Newton, Ibis, 1862, p. 273 ; E. Newton^
Bis, 1863, p. 348.

Leptopterus chabert, Sharpe, Cat. Rirds B. M. iii. p. 282 (1877) ;
Milne-Edwards ^ Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 414,
pi. 304. fig. 3 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 21 (1899).

Abbottornis chabert, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 263.

The eggs of the Madagascar Wood-Shrike are of a broad oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are pale green, thickly spotted
and blotched all over with chestnut-brown and lilac. The markings
are denser at the broad end than elsewhere. Six examples measure
respectively: -8 by 'Q2; -81 by '63; -76 by -58 ; -77 by '57; 86
by -63 ; -76 by -^2.

4. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.],

2. Madagascar {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Genus VANGA, Vieill.

Vanga curvirostris ( Omel.).

(Plate XI. fig. 18.)

Vanga curvirostris, Neivton, Ibis, 1863, p. 348 ; Cotoan, Proc. R. Pht/s.
Sac. Edinb. vii. p. 148 (1882) ; Gadotv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 104
(1888) ; Milne-Edwards 8f Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii.
p. 423, pi. 304. fig. 5 ; Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 263 (1903).

The eggs of the Hook-billed Shrike are of an oval shape and
slightly glossy. They are of a pinkish cream-colour, much spotted
with chestnut or reddish brown and underlying lilac-grey. The
markings are coarser, more numerous, and often confiuent at the
broad end. Examples measure from 1-02 to 1*2 in length, and
from '79 to -83 in breadth.

1. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev, W. Deans Cowan [P.].

1. Madagascar {F. Plant). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Madagascar (^. Newton: Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

2. Mahando, S.E. Madagascar ( W. Crowley Bequest.

Deans Cowan: Tristram Coll.).

PRIONOPIDiE. 263

Family PRIONOPID^.
Genus GRALLINA, Vieill.

Grallina picata (Lath.),

Grallina australis, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. tab. xxvii. fig. 2, a, b

(1845-54).
Grallina picata, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 188 (1865) ; Sharpe,

Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 272 (1877) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.

Birds, p. 79, pi. viii. fig. 12 (1889) ; Le Souef, Vict. Nat. xvi. p. 63

(1899) ; id. Knowledge, xxiii. p. 92 (1900) ; id. Ibis, 1901, p. 135 ;

Campbell, Nests ^ E(/qs Austr. Birds, i. p. 87, pi. 6 (1901) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 264 (1903).

The eggs of the Magpie-Shrike are usually of a narrow oval shape,
but some are broad and somewhat pyriform. They are moderately
glossy. The ground varies from cream-colour or pinkish white to
salmon-pink, and is marked, almost entirely at the broad end in
the form of a cap or broad zone, with more or less confluent
blotches, spots, and clouds of purplish red, reddish brown, and violet-
grey. The smaller half of the Ggg is usually only sparingly
speckled. Specimens measure from 1-03 to 1*2 in length, and from
•79 to -89 in breadth.

3. Queensland, Australia {Owen). Gould Coll.

3. Springfield, Queensland. Gould Coll.

4. Dawson River, Queensland, 17th Crowley Bequest.

Oct. {North Coll.).

2. Dobroyde, N.S.W. (K P. Ramsay). Crowley Bequest.

2. Sydney {Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

9. Victoria. Government of Victoria [P.].

1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.C. [P.].

4. Melbourne. A. J. Campbell, Esq. [P.].

3. Melbourne, Sept. {A. J. North). Crowley Bequest.

Genus HEMIPUS, ffodgs.
Hemipus picatus (SyJces).

(Plate XI. fig, 20.)

Hemipus picatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 307 (1877) ; Ontes,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 471 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs
Ind. Birds, i. p. 327 (1889) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 22 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 264 (1903).

Two eggs of the Black-backed Pied Shrike are of a narrow oval
form and nearly devoid of gloss. They are greenish or greyish
white, profusely blotched, spotted, and streaked with two shades of
umber-brown and with layender. In one example the markings

264 PKIONOPID^.

become confluent and form a broad zone round the broad end, in
the other they form a similar zone round the smaller end. They
measure respectively : '7 by '5 ; '7 by -49.

2. Nilghiri Hills, South India, March Hume Coll.
{W, Davison).

Hemipus capitalis (McClell.).

(Plate XI. fig. 19.)

Hemipus capitalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 306 (1877) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit, hid., Birds, i. p. 472 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests 8f
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 328 (1889); Sharpe, Sand-l. iv. p. 265
(1903).

Three eggs of the Brown-backed Pied Shrike in the Collection
are of a regular oval shape and slightly glossy. They are pale
greenish white, rather thickly mottled all over, but most densely
at the broad end, with pinkish brown and lavender. A fourth
specimen is spheroidal in shape and perfectly devoid of gloss. It
is greenish white, profusely speckled and mottled all over with two
shades of brown and slaty grey. They measure respectively : '65
by -5 ; -68 by -51 ; -m by 5 ; -6 by -53.

3. Mussoorie, Himalayas (T. Sutton). Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim, 4th May (j. Gammie). Hume Coll.

Genus TEPHRODORNIS, Siuains,

Tephrodornis pondicerianus (Gmel).
(Plate XII. figs. 1 & 4.)

Tephrodornis pondicerianus, Beavan, Ibis, 1865, p. 418; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. iii. p. 275 (1877) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 475
(1889) : id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Fggs Ind. B. i. p. 332 (1889) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 21 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 265 (1903).

The eggs of the Common Wood-Shrike vary in shape from broad
oval to elliptical and exhibit but little gloss. They are white or
cream-coloured, occasionally tinged wath green, spotted and blotched
with umber-brown and deep lavender-groy. On some specimens
the markings are very dense at the broad end, where they form a
cap ; on the others they are smaller and paler, equally distributed
over the entire surface. In two examples in the Collection the
markings are almost wholly confined to a broad belt round the
middle of the e^g. Specimens measure from '72 to '8 in length,
and from -58 to 'Q2 in breadth.

1. Hansi, Punjab, 16th April Hume Coll. - '^

. {W. Bleivitt).
1 . Hansi, 2nd June ( W. B.). Hume Coll.

TEPHRODOENIS. 265

4. Saharunpur, N.W.P., 8tli April Hume Coll.

{Q. F. L. Marshall).
4. Maunbhum, Bengal {R. C. Crowley Beq[uest.

Beavan: Tristram Coll.).
2. Maunbhum, March {R. C. B. : Crowley Bequest.

I ^i^i'y*nvn \ oil I

1. Pegu, 3rd March {E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.

Tephrodornis pelvicus {Hodgs.).

(Plate XI. fig. 14.)

Tephrodornis pelvicus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 276 (1877) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 473 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 330 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. B. iv. p. 265
(1903).

Two eggs of the Nepal Wood-Shrike in the Collection, taken by
Mr. Gammie, are broad ovals in shape and almost devoid of gloss.
They are dull white, profusely speckled and spotted with yellowish
brown and lavender-grey. They measure. respectively : -91 by '74;
•95 by •72. A third example, extracted by Davison from the ovi-
duct of a female, is also a broad oval in shape and devoid of gloss.
It is greenish white, boldly blotched and spotted with inky-purple
and two shades of umber-brown. The markings are more numerous
at the broad end than elsewhere. It measures -83 by '68.

2. Daijiling, Sikhim, 27th April Hume Coll.

{J. Gammie).
1. Tavoy, Tenasserim, 26th March Hume Coll.

( W. Davison).

Tephrodornis gularis {Baffl.).
(PlateXI. fig. 21.)

Tephrodornis gularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 278 (1877) j id. Ibis,
1879, p. 252 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. B. iv. p. 265 (1903).

The eggs of the Malayan Wood-Shrike are of a rather narrow
oval shape and devoid of all gloss. They are white or cream-
coloured, spotted and blotched with pale chestnut-brown and
lavender. The markings at the broader end are large and confluent,
forming a wide but irregular zone. Examples measure from -98 to
1 in length, and from '68 to '7 in breadth.

7. Labuan, Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].

1. Labuan {Sir Hugh Low). Crowley Bequest.

1. Labuan. Crowley Bequest.

266

PEIONOPID^.

Genus EUROCEPHALUS, Smith.

Eurocephalus anguitimens, A. Smith.

(Plate XII. fig. 5.).

Eurocephalus anguitimens, Anderss. Birds Damara-land, p. 140 (1872) ;
Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 400 (1875-84) ; id.
Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 279 {1^77) { Nehrk. Eat. Eitrsamml p. 21
(1899) ; Stark ^ Sdater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 13 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 266 (1903).

The eggs of the White-crowned Wood-Shrike are of a rather
narrow oval shape, and are devoid of gloss. They are of a pale
greenish-grey colour, spotted and blotched all over with greyish
brown, slate-colour, and lavender. Four examples measure re-
spectively: 1-12 by -77; 1-13 by '78 ; 1-08 by -79 ; 1-11 by -79.

2. Otjimbinque, Damara-land (C. J. Crowley Bequest.

Andersson : Tristram Coll.).
2. [S. Africa.] Crowley Bequest.

Genus COLLYRIOCICHLA, Vig. S,- Horsf.

The eggs of the Shrike-Thrushes represented in the Collection
resemble each other so closely that they may all be described in the
same terms. They are oval in shape and moderately glossy. The
ground-colour is white or cream-coloured, occasionally tinged with
grey, blotched with olive-brown or umber-brown and dull lavender
or slate-colour. The markings are sometimes evenly distributed
over the whole shell, but more frequently they are dense over the
broad end, and sparse or nearly absent in the smaller half. The eggs
of the different species vary somewhat in size.

CoUyriocichla harmonica {Lath.).

Colluricincla cinerea, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Tog. tab. xxx. fig. 15, a, b

(1845-54).
Colluricincla harmonica, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i . p. 220 (1865).
Collyriocincla harmonica, Sharpe^ Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 290 (1877) ;

North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 80, pi. viii. figs. 2-4 (1889) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 21 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 3r Eggs

Austr. Birds, i. p._ 88, pi. 6 (1901).
CoUyriocichla harmonica, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 269 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey Shrike-Thrush measure from l* 02 to 1*2 in
length, and from -78 to '86 in breadth.

2. Australia. Gould Coll.

2. Queensland. Gould Coll.

1. South Australia. Gould Coll.

1. South Australia. Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales {J. Gould: Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tra7n Coll.).

2. Dohroyde,'N.S.\'V. (E. P. Ramsay: Crowley Bequest. -. ■^ "

Tristratn Coll.).

3. Canterbury, N.S.W., 10th Sept. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).

COLLTKIOCICHLA. 267

3. Victoria. Government of Victoria [P.].

4. Victoria. Government of Victoria [P.].
2. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.C. [P.].
4. Hastings, Victoria, 29tli Sept. Crowley Bequest.

(A. J. North).

CoUyriocichla rectirostris, Jard. 6f Selb.
Colluricincla selbii, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 224 (1865).
CoUyriocincla rectirostris, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 291 (1877) ;

North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 82 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat.

JEiersamml. p. 21 (1899) : Campbell, Nests & Eggs Austr. Birds, i.

p. 90 (1901).
CoUyriocichla rectirostris. Sharps, Hand-l. iv. p. 269 (1903).

The eggs of Selby's Shrike-Thrush in the CoUection measure
1-12 by -77 ; 1-15 by -82; 1-2 by -89 respectively.

1. Tasmania (C, Gmld). Gould Coll.

2. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.

CoUyriocichla brunnea, Gould.

(Plate XII. figs. 2 & 3.)

Colluricincla brunnea, GouJd, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 233 (1865).
CoUyriocincla brunnea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 291 (1877) ;

Nm-th, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 81 (1889) ; Le Souif, Vict.

Nat. xvi. p. 64 (1899); Nehrh. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 21 (1899);

Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 91 (1901).
CoUyriocichla brunnea, Sharpe, Hand-l. B. iv. p. 269 (1903).

The eggs of the Brown Shrike-Thrush are of a very broad oval
shape and almost devoid of all gloss. Three examples measure
respectively : 1-11 by '9 ; 1-17 by '87 ; 1-13 by -89. They are
rather more richly coloured than is usual in the eggs of the birds
of this genus, the darker markings having a decided purplish or
reddish tinge.

3. Mount Victoria, British New Guinea Crowley Bequest.

{W. Anthony).

CoUjrriociclila rufiventris, Gould.

Colluricincla rufiventris, Thien. Fortpfianz. ges. Vog. tab. xxx. fig. 14
(1845-54) ; Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 222 (1865).

CoUyriocincla rufiventris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 292 (1877) ;
North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 82 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests ^
Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 91 (1901).

CoUyriocichla rufiventris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 269 (1903).

The eggs of the Buff-bellied Shrike-Thrush in the Collection
measure from -92 to 1*12 in length, and from *72 to -83 in breadth.

1. Cape York, Australia. Capt. Stanley pP.].

2. North-west Australia. Gould ColL
2. West Austraha, 9th Oct. Gould CoU.

1 Swan River, W. Australia, Nov. Crowley Bequest.
{G.J. Bostock: Tristram Coll.).

268

PKlONOPIDiE.

Genus PINAROLESTES, SJiarpe.
Pinarolestes parvulus {Gould).

CoUuricincla parvula, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 225 (1865).
Pinarolestes parvulus, S/iarpe, Cat Birds B. M, iii. p. 296 (1877);

Cainphell, Nests Sf Egqs Austr. Birds, i. p. 92 (1901); Sharpe,

Handrl. iv. p. 270 (1903).
CoUyriocincla parvula, North, Nests %■ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 81 (1889).

The eggs of the Little Grey Shrike-Thrush resemble those of
the various species of Collyriocichla described above. They measure
from -93 to 1-03 in length, and from •? to '77 in breadth.

2. Cape York, North Australia {J. Mac- Gould Coll.

ffillivray).

1. Cape York. Gould Coll.

1. VovtEssin^ton (Wilson). Gould Coll.

2. Rockhampton Bay, Queensland, Oct. Crowley Bequest.

(North Coll.).

Pinarolestes gouldi, Gray.

Pinarolestes rufigaster, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 296, part. (1877).
CoUyriocincla parvissima, North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 83,

pi. viii. fig. 1 (1889).
CoUyriocincla gouldi, G. R. Gray ; Robinson ^ Laverock, Ibis, 1900, p. 627.
Pinarolestes parvissima, Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds j i. p 94

(1901).

The eggs of the Lesser Eufous-bellied Shrike-Thrush are of a
regular oval form and moderately glossy. They are white, spotted
and blotched with olive-brown or reddish brown and slaty grey.
The markings are smaller and more numerous than in the eggs of
the species of Collyriocichla, to which they bear a general resemblance.
They measure from '85 to 1 in length, and from '7 to '75 in
breadth.

1- [C. .
1- [C- •
1- c. .

3. Somerset, Cape York, 27th Dec. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].

2. Somerset, 4th Jan. C. A. Barnard, Esq. "

2. Somerset, 2nd Fob. C. A. Barnard, Esq.

1. Herbert River, Queensland. S. Boyd, Esq. [P.].

Pinarolestes rufiventris, Sharpe.
(Plate XII. fig. 8.)

Pinarolestes rufigaster, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 296, part. (1877) ;

Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 93 (1901).
CoUyriocincla rufigaster, North, Nests c^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 83

(1889).
Pinarolestes rufiventris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 270 (1903).

The eggs of the Bufous-breasted Shrike-Thrush in the Collectiwi

PINAEOLESTES. HTPOCOLIUS, 269

resemble some of the eggs of P. gouldi, but they are larger. They
are white, spotted with very deep olive-brown and slaty grey, and
measure respectively : 1*18 by '8 ; 1*17 by '8.

2. Dawson River, Queensland, Dec. Crowley Bequest.
{North Coll.).

Pinarolestes vitiensis {Hartl.),
(Plate XII. fig. 7.)

Pinarolestes vitiensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 299 (1877) ;

Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml. p. 22 (1899) ; Sharpe, Sand-l. iv. p. 271

(1903).
Pachycephala vitiensis, Nehrk. J. f. 0. 1879, p. 400.

The eggs of the Piji-Islands Shrike-Thrush are of a somewhat
pointed oval form and slightly glossy. They are cream-coloured,
marked, chiefly at the broad end, with spots and blotches of
chestnut, lilac-red, and lavender. Pour examples measure respec-
tively : 1 by -73 ; '9 by -68 ; -95 by -69 ; -95 by -7.

1. Fiji Islands (Trtstratn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

2. [Fiji Islands.] Crowley Bequest.

Genus HYPOCOLIUS, Bonap,

Hjrpocolius ampelinus, Bonap,

(Plate XII. fig. 6.)

Hypocolius ampelinus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 316 (1877);
id. Ibis, 1886, p. 477, 1891, p. 107 ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds,
i. p. 250 (1889) ; Cumming, Journ. Bo7)ib. Nat. Hist. Soc. xii. p. 760
(1899) ', Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 275 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey Hypocolius are of a pointed oval shape and
very glossy. They are bluish white, sometimes unmarked ; more
frequently clouded and blotched on the broader half with very pale
leaden grey. Examples measure from -92 to 1*05 in length, and
from "7 to '8 in breadth.

3. Fan, Persian Gulf, 14th June W. D. Cumming, Esq. [P.].

{W.D. C).

4. Fao, 15th June ( W. B. C). W. D. Cumming, Esq. [P.].

3. Fao, 20th June ( W. D. C). W. D. Cumming, Esq. [P.
2. Fao ( W. B. C). W. D. Cumming, Esq. [P.

4. Fao ( W. B. C). Crowley Bequest.

270 LINIID^.

Family LANIID^.

Genus GYMNORHINA, Gray.

Gymnorhina tibicen {Lath.).

Barita tibicen, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxviii. fig. 12, «, b
(1845-54).

Gymnorhina tibicen, Gmld, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 175 (1865) ;
Ramsay, Ibis, 18G5, p. 300 ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 91
(1883) ; North, Nests Sr Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 58, pi. vii. figs. 4, 5, 6
(1889); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamjnl p. 68 (1899): Campbell, Nests 8f
Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 290 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 276
(1903).

The eggs of the Piping Crow-Shrike vary from an oval to an
ellipsoid shape, are very glossy, and vary greatly in size and colour.
Mr. Hamsay {I. c.) has described seven types of the eggs of this
species.

The Collection contains eggs of the following types : — Yery pale
blue, thickly mottled, blotched, and lined with chestnut-brown and
lavender ; bluish white, densely blotched with lilac and covered
with lines and streaks of pale reddish brown : bluish white, blotched
with lilac-grey and wood-brown in large confluent masses ; bluish
grey, marked with distinct roundish spots and blotches of inky-
purple and chocolate-brown, the edges of these being much blurred
and running into the surrounding ground-colour ; brownish buff,
rather densely mottled with dark lavender and pale brown. They
measure from 1-35 to 1'7 in length, and from 1 to 1'12 in breadth.

1. Laid in confinement (Antwerp Zool. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Gardens).

2. Australia. Gould Coll.

3. Queensland. Gould Coll.

4. Dawson River, Queensland, 2nd Oct. Crowley Bequest.

{North Coll.).

2. Moreton Bay. Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales. Crowley Bequest.

2. Springfield, New South Wales, Sept. Gould Coll.

2. Springfield, Sept. Gould Coll.

3. Lachlan River {E. P. Ramsay'). Crowley Bequest.
3. Hastings, Victoria, 17th Aug. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).
1. Adelaide. E. S. Moulden, Esq. [P.].

Gymnorhina leuconota, Gray.

Barita leuconota, Thien. Fortpflatiz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxviii. fig. 13

(1845-64).
Gymnorhina leuconota, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 176 (1865) ;

Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 92 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs

GYMNOEHINA.

271

Austr. Birds, p. 59 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 68 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests ^ Eygs Austr. Birds, i. p. 292, pi. 11 (1901);
Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 276 (1903).

The eggs of the White-backed Crow-Shrike are of the same
character, and exhibit as many types, as the eggs of G, tibicen.
Some specimens, however, differ from the others in being of a rather
deep blue colour, marked with dark umber-brown, and pale umber-
brown in others. Examples measure from 1*43 to 1-72 in length,
and from 1*04 to 1-2 in breadth.

1.

Australia.

Gould Coll.

2.

Australia.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

3.

Braidwood, N.S.W., Aug. (A. J.

North).
Sydney, N.S.W. {Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Crowley Bequest.

3.

South" Australia.

Gould CoU.

3.

South Australia, Oct. (G. F. Angas).

Gould Coll.

2.

South Australia {G. F. A.).

Gould Coll.

5.

South Australia {G. F. A.).

Gould Coll.

3.

South Australia

Gould CoU.

2.

South Australia.

Gould Coll.

1.

Victoria.

Gould Coll.

4.

Victoria.

Crowley Bequest.

F. A. Philbrick,Esq., K.C. [P.].

1.

Gippsland, Victoria.

3.

Yendon, Victoria, 13th Aug. {A. J.
North).

Crowley Bequest.

Gymnorhina hyperleuca {Gould).

Gymnorhina organicum, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 178 (1865) ;

North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 60, pi. vii. fig. 9 (1889).
Gymnorhina leuconota, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 92, part.

(1883).
Gymnorhina hyperleuca, Campbell, Nests 8/- Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 295

(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 276 (1903).

The eggs of the Tasmanian Crow-Shrike are smaller than those
of 6r. tibicen and G. leuconota, and more uniform in colouring.
The commonest type of egg appears to be one in which the ground-
colour is pale greyish green, sparingly spotted and blotched with
dull purplish grey and brown or dark umber-brown. The edges of
the markings are usually hazy and run into the surrounding
ground-colour. In a second type, the ground-colour is dull bluish
green, densely clouded and mottled with dull lavender and two or
more shades of brown. Specimens measure from 1*4 to 1'52 in
length, and from 1 to 1*1 in breadth.

Tasmania.

Gould Coll.

Tasmania.

Gould Coll.

Tasmania.

Gould Coll.

Tasmania.

Gould Coll.

Tasmania.

Gould Coll.

Tasmania (C. Gould).

Gould Coll.

2.

Tasmania.

Crowley Bequest.

4.

Tasmania ( W. H. Bignold).

Crowley Bequest.

272 LANIID^.

Genus CRACTICUS.

Cracticus quoyi (Less.).

(Plate XII. %. 10.)

Cracticus quoyi, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 183 (1865) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 94 (1883) ; Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884,
p. 283, taf. xviii. figs. 2-4 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 69 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 299, pi. 12 (1901) ;
Shar])e, Hand-l iv. p. 276 (1903).

Of the two eggs of the Black Crow-Shrike in the Collection, one
is of a narrow oval shape, and the other is a broad ellipse. Both
are moderately glossy. They are of a pale cream cafe-au-lait colour,
with a tinge of green, spotted, almost entirely at the broad end,
with pale olive-brown and dull lavender. They measure respec-
tively : 1-45 by 1 ; 1-3' by 1.

2. Cape York, North Australia. Gould Coll.

Cracticus nigrigularis {Gould).

Cracticus nigrigularis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 180 (1865) ;

Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 95 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersatuml.

p. 69 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^'' Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 301, pi. 12

(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 277 (1903).
Cracticus robustus. North, Nests Sj- Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 62, pi. ix. fig. 8

(1889).

The eggs of the Black-throated Crow-Shrike are of a regular oval
shape and glossy. They vary from olive-grey to buff or stone-
colour and are spotted, chiefly in the form of a cloudy zone or cap
at the broad end, with umber-brown and brownish pink. There
are also a few black specks scattered over the shell. They measure
from 1-18 to 1*33 in length, and from -9 to '98 in breadth.

1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

2. Yandembah, N.S.W,, 10th Oct. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).
6. Victoria. Crowley Bequest.

Cracticus cassicus (Bodd.),

(Plate XII. fig. 9.)

Cracticus cassicus, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 97 (1883) ; Meyer,
Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 283, taf. xviii. fig. 1 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 69 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 277 (1903).

The eggs of the New-Guinea Crow-Shrike in the Collection are of
a pointed oval shape, glossy, and of a greyish-green colour, faintly
clouded, round the broad end with very pale brown and spotted
here and there with dark umber-brown. They measure respec-
tively : 1-36 by -98 ; 1*4 by -98.

2. Fergusson Island, New Guinea, Crowley Bequest.
1st Dec. {A. S. Meek).

CRACTICUS. 273

Cracticus leucopterus, Gould.

(Plate XII. fig. 11.)

Cracticus leucopterus, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 187 (1865);
Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 98 (1883) ; Ne?irk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 69 (1899); Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 303
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 277 (1903).

The eggs of the White-winged Crow-Shrike in the Collection are
of a rather hroad oval form and glossy. They are pale greenish
grey, blotched and clouded at the broad end, sparingly spotted
elsewhere, with reddish brown, lilac-red, and pale purplish-brown.
A black speck may be detected here and there on the shell. Three
examples measure respectively : V2 by -85 ; 1*2 by -92 ; 1*2
by -93.

1. Swan River, W. Australia, Nov. Crowley Bequest.

{G. J. Bostock : Tristram Coll.).

2. West Australia {A. J. Campbell). Crowley Bequest.

Cracticus destructor (Temm.).

Vanga destructor, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxx. fig. 19, a, b

(1845-54).
Cracticus torquatus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 184 (1865) ;

North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 61 (1889).
Cracticus destructor, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 100 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 69 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8f Ec/gs

Austr. Birds, i. p. 304, pi. 12 (1901) ; Skarpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 277

(1903).

The eggs of the Collared Crow-Shrike are of an oval shape and
exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. They are very variable in
colour. The ground-colour in some eggs is olive-grey, in others
pale buff, and in others again olive or olive-buff. The markings
generally form a zone or cap at the broad end and consist of specks,
spots, blotches, and smears of deep purplish red, reddish brown,
umber-brown, and underlying lavender or lilac-grey. Specimens
measure from 1'17 to 1-25 in length, and from '87 to -92 in
breadth.

3.

Dawson River, Queensland, 22nd
Oct. {North Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Moreton Bay, Australia.

Gould Coll.

2.

Sydney {Tristram Coll.)
New South Wales ( Wilson).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Gould Coll.

1.

New South Wales ( Wilson).

Gould Coll.

2.

New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay).

Gould Coll.

2.

New South Wales.

Gould Coll.

1.

Gippsland, Victoria.

F.A.Philbrick,Esq.,K.C.[P.],

4.

Yendon, Victoria, 10th Nov. {A. J.
North).

Crowley Bequest.

3.

Victoria.

Crowley Bequest.

VOL. IV.

T

274

LANIID^.

Cracticus cinereus {Gould).

Cracticus cinereus, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 186 (1865) ;

Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 101 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs

Austr. Birds, p. 63 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 69 (1899) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 277 (1903).
Cracticus destructor cinereus, Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Attstr, Birds, i.

p. 305 (1901).

The eggs of the Cinereous Crow-Shrike do not appear to differ
in any material respect from those of C. destructor. Specimens
measure from 1-26 to 1*4 in length, and from -9 to -93 in
breadth.

4. Tasmania. Gould Coll.

] . Tasmania. Gould Coll.

1. Tasmania (A. J. Campbell). Crowley Bequest.

1. Tasmania (J. Gotdd). Crowley Bequest.

2. Launceston, Tasmania {E. P. Sey- Crowley Bequest.

mou?').

Genus LANIUS, Linn.

Lanius minor, Gm.

Lanms minor, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. p. 324, tab. xxxi. fig. 4, a-d
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 52. fig. 4 (1855-63) ;
B7'ee, Birds Eur. i. p. 165, pi. (1866) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii.
p. 393 (1872) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 235 (1883) ; Seebohm,
Brit. Birds, i. p. 603, pi. 11 (1883); id. Eggs of Brit. Birds,
p. 220, pi. 54. fig. 12 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iy. p. 279 (1903).

The eggs of the Lesser Grey Shrike are of an ordinary oval form
and moderately glossy. They are very uniform in tint, the
ground-colour being of a greyish-green, spotted and blotched,
chiefly on the broader half of the egg, with olive-brown and
lavender. The markings generally form an irregular zone or cap
at the broad end. Specimens measure from '91 to '98 in length,
and from -68 to "75 in breadth.

3.

Savoy {Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

1.

Bonneville, Savoy {Tristram
Coll.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

2.

Switzerland {Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

6.

Saxony.

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Cilli, Styria {E. Seidensacher).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

3.

CiUi, 29th May {E. S.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

5.

Parnassus, Greece, 20th May
{T.Kriiper).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Parnassus, 26th May {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Olympus, Greece, 29th May
{T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

2.

Kustendji, Rumania, 25th May
{W.H. Cullen).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Asia Minor, 1st June.

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Smyrna, 11th May.

Seebohm Coll.

7.

Smyrna, 21st May.

Seebohm Coll.

LANius. 275

Lanius excubitor, Linn.

Lanius excubitor, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 322, tab. xxxi. fig. 1,
a-d (1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. &2. fig. 1 (1855-63)
Heioitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 69, pi. xx. fig. i (1856)
Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 375 (1871); Oadow, Cat. Birds B. M.
viii. p. 237 (1883) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 598, pi. 11 (1883)
id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 220, pi. 54. fig. 9 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 280 (1903).

Eggs of the Great Grey Shrike are of a regular oval shape, and
while some possess a slight amount of gloss, others are entirely
devoid of it. The ground-colour varies from greyish white to an
extremely light greenish white, and is thickly marked with spots
and blotches of brown of different shades and underlying pale
purplish grey. In the majority of specimens the markings are
confluent at the larger end and form a large cap or an irregular
zone. In other examples the markings are small, comparatively
well-defined and distinct and fairly evenly distributed over the
entire shell. Examples measure from 1 to 1*15 in length, and
from -75 to -79 in breadth.

3.

Europe.

Gould Coll,

2.

Lapland.

Crowley Bequest.

4.

Holland, 21st Mav.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

2.

Holland, 29th Mav.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

3.

HoUand {J. Baker).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

4.

Holland [J. B.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

2.

Holland {J. B.).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Valkenswaard, Holland, June (J.B.).

Salvin-Godmaa Coll.

2.

Valkenswaard, June {J. B.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

3.

Valkenswaard {J. B.).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Valkenswaard ( W. Bridger).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Valkenswaard, 21st May {H.
Seebohm).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Valkenswaard, 27th May {H. 8.).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Vosges Mts., France {Mongel: Har-

gitt Coll.).
Vosges (Mougel: Hargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

1.

Seebohm Coll.

2.

Germany (H. Saunders).

Seebohm Coll.

Lanius pallidirostris, Cass.

(Plate XII. fig. 14.)

Lanius excubitor, Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 364.

Lanius fallax, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 247 (1883) ; Oates,

Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 460 (1889) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix.

Suppl. p. 163 (1895).
Lanius pallidirostris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 281 (1903).

The eggs of Finsch's Grey Shrike are quite indistinguishable
from those of L. excubitor. They measure from '95 to 1*1 in
length, and from '71 to '8 in breadth.

4. Tiberias, Palestine, 29th March. Canon Tristram [CI.

5. Jericho, Palestine, 16th April Salvin-Godman Coll.

{H. B. Tristram).

t2

276

LANIIB^.

G. Mount Tabor, Palestine,
April {H. B. T.).

3. Palestine, 1st April (H. B. T.).
2. Palestine, 17th April (H. B. T.).
1. Palestine, 20th May {H. B. T.).

1. Palestine, 16th April {J. H.

Cochrane).

2. Palestine, May {J. H. C).

5. Palestine (i/. B. Tristram).

4. Palestine {H. B. T.).

3. Palestine, 16th March {H. B. T.).

6. Palestine, 16th April {H. B. T.).
6. Tiberias, Palestine {H. B. T.).

1. Gennesaret, Palestine, 30th March

(H. B. T.).
6. Gennesaret, 30th March (H. B. T.).

16th Salvin-Godman Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest.

Lanius lahtora (SyJces).

Lanius lahtora, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 381 (1872) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. viii, p. 252 (1883) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i.
p. 459 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 306
(1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 281 (1903).

The eggs of the Indian Grey Shrike show much variation in
shape, size, colour, and extent and disposition of markings, but the
majority do not differ from the eggs of L. eoccubitor. The ground
is cream-colour, stone-colour, or pale greenish white, and the
markings are of many shades of brown, tinged with yellow, rufous
or olive, and underlying pale purple. In many specimens the
markings consist of blotches chiefly disposed over the larger end
and frequently forming an irregular zone or cap ; in others they
consist of mere spots and specks, spread over the entire shell, but
more thickly over the larger half than elsewhere. They vary
from -9 to 1-15 in length, and from '75 to '82 in breadth.

1.

Umballa, Punjab, 1st July.

Hume Coll.

2.

Hansi, Punjab, 26th March
( W. Bleioitt).

Hume Coll.

8.

Hansi, 27th March (TT.jB.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Hansi, 28th March ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Hansi, 29th March (W. B.).

Hume Coll.

1.

Hansi, 30th March ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Hansi, 7th April {W. B.).

Hume Coll.

4.

Hansi, lstMav(W^''. -5.).

Hume Coll.

5.

Hansi, July ( W. B.).

Hume Coll.

4.

Delhi, 14th April ( C. T.
Bingham).

Hume Coll.

1.

Delhi, 30th May (C. T.B.).

Hume Coll.

2.

Gurgaon District, 26th March.

Hume Coll.

1.

Gurgaon District, 30th March.

Hume Coll.

3.

Gurgaon District, 30th March.

Hume Coll.

3.

Gurgaon District, 31st March.

Hume Coll.

1.

Gurgaon District, 5th April.

Hume Coll.

3.

Jodhpur, 1st April {A. 0. Hume).

Hume Coll.

12.

N.W. Provinces, India.

Seebohm Coll.

LANIFS.

277

1.
2.
2.
1.

4.

2.

N.W. Provinces, 24th April.
N.W. Provinces, 9th May.
N.W. Provinces, 10th May.
Mirzapur, 19th March ( W. E,

Brooks).
Mirzapur, 4th May ( W. E.

Brooks: Tristram Coll.),
Bareilly, 15th May.
Etawah, 18th March.
Allahabad.

Allahabad, 9th April.
Jhansi, 19th June {F. R.

Bleioitt).
Saugor, C. Provinces, 25th July

{F. H. B.).
Bengal (IF. Theobald: Tristratn

Coll.),

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

Lanius algeriensis. Less.

(Plate XII. fig. 16.)

Lanius algeriensis, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 312 ; Dresser , Birds Eur. iii
p. 391 (1871) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 244 (1883): Sharpe,
Hand-l. iv. p. 282 (1903).

The eggs of the Algerian Grey Shrike resemble those of L.
excuhitor in general appearance, but differ in the ground-colour
being of a light buff or cream-colour. Specimens measure from
1-02 to 1-11 in length, and from -75 to '78 in breadth.

1.
2.

1.

North Africa.

Sidi Khalifa Cherif, Algeria, 8th

May (O. Salvin).
Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 23rd May

(O. S.).
Ain Djendeli, 23rd May {H. B.

Tristram).
Madracen, Algeria, 27th May

(O. S.).
Madracen, 30th May {H. B. T.).
Kef Laks, Algeria, April {H. B. T.).

H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

Salvin-Godman Coil.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.

Lanius meridionalis, Temm.

Lanius meridionalis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. qes. V'og. p. 323, tab. xxxi. fig. 3,
«, b (1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 52. fig. 3 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 387 (1871) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 206;
Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. ii. p. 18, pi. (1875) ; Gadoiv, Cat. Birds
B. M. viii. p. 246 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 72 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 282 (1903).

The eggs of the Southern Grey Shrike are of quite the same type
as those of L. excuhitor. Many specimens are inseparable from the
eggs of that species, but others are more richly marked, the brown
being of a deeper tint, and the markings being more numerous, and
* consequently covering more of the ground. Examples measure from
1 to 1*15 in length, and from '75 to -8 in breadth.

278

LANIID^.

1. Spain {H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

4. Granada, SOtli May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

li. Seville, 16th April {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Seville, April (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Seville (A. Euiz). Seebohm Coll.

5. Seville {A. R.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Malaga (^.^.). Crovt^lev Bequest.

1. Southern Spain. H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.j.

Lanius ludovicianns {Linn.).

CoUurio liidovicianus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 418

(1874).
Lanius ludoviciamis, Gado\i\ Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 245, part. (1883) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 282 (1903).

The eggs of the American Southern Shrike, or Loggerhead, do not
appear to differ in any respect from those of L. excuhitoroides. Two
examples measure respectively : '97 by '73 ; '95 by '77.

1. North America [Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Georgia (Audubon : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

Lanius excubitoroides, Swains.

Collyrio ludovicianus, Dresser, Ibis, 1865, p. 480.

Collurio ludovicianus, var. excubitoroides, Baird. Brewer ^ Ridgw.

N. Amer. Birds,i. p. 421 (1874)
Lanius ludovicianus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 245, part.

a883).
Lanius excubitoroides, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 282 (1903).

The eggs of the American Western Shrike, or Loggerhead, are
not separable from those of L. excubitor. They measure from '93
to 1-05 in length, and from '75 to "77 in breadth.

1. North America {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. North America (llenshaio Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. North America. Crowley Bequest.

2. Illinois {T. M. Brewer : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

3. Winnebago, Illinois {J. W. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Tolman : Henshaio Coll.).

1 . San Antonio, Texas [H. E. Dresser : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

3. San Diego, Texas, 28th May. Crowley Bequest.

Lanius anthonyi, Meams.

Lianius ludovicianus anthonyi, Meams, Auh, 1898, p. 261.
l^anius anthonyi, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 283 (1903).

The eggs of the Island Shrike are of a pointed oval form "and
slightly glossy. They are of an ashy-white colour, densely mottled,
more especially at the broad end, with pale brown and purplish

THONEUS. 279

grey. Five examples measure from 1*01 to 1-09 in length, and
from *76 to -79 in breadth.

5. Santa Cruz Island, California Salvin-Godman Coll.
9th May {H. H. Beck).

Genus PHONEUS, Kaup.
Phoneus nubicus (Licht.).

Lanius nubicus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 52. fig. 7 (1855-63) ;

Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 365 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 417 (1871) ;

Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 282 (1883).
Lanius personatus, Bree, Birds Eur. i. p. 168, pi. (1865), 2nd ed. ii.

p. 22, pi. (1875) ; Kriiper, J.f. O. 1869, p. 30.
Phoneus nubicus, STiarpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 283 (1903).

The eggs of the Masked Shrike are mostly of a pointed oval form
and possess a fair amount of gloss. They are of a creamy-buff
colour, usually marked with well-defined spots and blotches of brown
or yellowish brown and lavender. These are chiefly distributed over
the larger half of the e^^, and often form an irregular zone,
but they are not so streaky in character as in the eggs of most other
Shrikes. They measure from '77 to -87 in length, and from '59 to
•68 in breadth.

2. Safed, Palestine. Canon Tristram [C.

4. Jericho, 16th April {K. B. Salvin-Godman Col
TristraTn).

1. Jericho, 11th April {J. S. Cochrane). Seebohm Coll.

2. Jericho, 17th April (/. H. C). Seebohm Coll.

4. Csesarea Philippi, 9th May {H. B. Crowley Bequest.
Trist?'am).

4. Csesarea Philippi, 13th May Crowley Bequest

{H. B.T.).

3. Smyrna, 25th May {T. Kriiper). Seebohm Coll.

4. Smyrna, 25th May (r. ^.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Smyrna, 25th May (T. J:.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Smyrna, 26th May {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Smyrna, 26th May (T. K.). Seebohm Coil.

1. Smyrna, 30th May {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Smyrna, 31st May {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Smyrna, June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll,
3. Smyrna, 13th .June (r.-^.)- Seebohm Coll.

2. Smyrna, 13th June {T. K). Seebohm Coll.
1. Smyrna, 4th July (T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

1 Smyrna ( W. H. Simpson : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).

Phoneus pomeranus (Sparrm.).

Lanius rufus, Thien. Fortjrflanz. ges. Vog. p. 326, tab. xxxi. fig. 8, a-f
(1845-54); Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 72, pi. xx. fig-, ii
(1856); Salvin, Ihis,\^b^, p. 312; Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 365;
Kriiper, J. /, O. 1869, p. 30; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 610, pi. 11
(1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 222, pi. 54. figs. 14, 15 (1896).

Enneoctonus ruficeps, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 52. fig. 5 (1855-63).

280

LANIIDJS.

Lanius auriculatiis, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 407 (1871) ; Saundersy

Ibis, 1871, p. 207 ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 283 (1883).
Lanius pomeranus, Wliitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 37.
Phoneus pomeranus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 283 (1903).

The eggs of the Woodchat-Shrike are normally of a pointed oval
shape, in some cases the smaller end being blunt and rounded.
Man}^ eggs possess a fair amount of gloss, some are entirely with-
out it.

They are exceedingly variable in colour and form. Of the many
types to be found, the following may be enumerated: — Ground-colour
of some shade of green, varying from the palest greenish white to a
clear but pale green, marked with olive-brown or yellowish brown
and lavender. Ground-colour greyish white, marked with pale
brown, or rarely with dark chocolate-brown, and violet-grey.
Ground-colour varying from cream-colour to pale buif, marked with
various shades of brown and dark grey. Ground-colour pinkish
cream-colour, marked with pale red and purplish grey. Ground-
colour salmon-pink, marked with chestnut and purplish grey.

As in almost all eggs of the Shrikes, the tendency of the mark-
ings is to form a broad zone round the larger end, the remainder of
the shell being very sparingly spotted. The specks and blotches
forming this zone are sometimes distinct, but more frequently
confluent.

The eggs vary in size from '81 to 1 in length, and from '61 to '71
in breadth.

4.

Holland, 25th May.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

4.

Valkenswaard, Holland, 21st May
{H. Seebohm).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Valkenswaard, 21st May {R. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

1.

Valkenswaard, 23rd May {H. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Valkensward, 27th May {H. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Valkenswaard, 29th May {K. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Near Elbeuf, Prance, 15th May
[Noury : Hargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

St. Pierre, Eure, France {Noury :
KarqiU Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

St. Pierre {Noury: Hargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Spain, 29th April {H. Saunders).

Seebohm Coll.

8.

Castille.

Lord Lilford [P.].

6.

Malaga, 6th May (//. Saunders:
Harqitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Malaga, 30th May {H. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Malaga, 7th June (^. S. : Hargitt
Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

6.

Seville {A. Ruiz).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Seville {A. R.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Seville {A. R.).

Seebohm Coll.

5,

Corsica.

J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].

2

Malta.

Gould Coll.

3.

Dalmatia.

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Parnassus, Greece, 19th May
{H. Seebohm).

Seebohm Coll.

PHONEUS.

281

5. Parnassus, 19tli May (H.S.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Parnassus, 19th May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Parnassus, 21st May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Parnassus, 21st May {H. S.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Parnassus, 21st May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Parnassus, 21st May (R. S.). Seebohm Coll.
7. Parnassus, 25th May (T. Krilper). Seebohm Coll.

5. Athens, 1st June {t. K.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Athens, 1st June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Athens, 1st June (r. iT.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Athens, 1st June {T. K). Seebohm Coll.

5. Athens, 19th June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Athens, 19th June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

3. Nymphion, Greece, 3rd June Seebohm Coll.

{H. Seebohm).

2. Smyrna, 11th May {T. Kriiper). Seebohm Coll.

4. Smyrna, 14th May [T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Smyrna, 22nd May {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Smyrna, 25th May {T.K.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Smyrna, June (T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Smyrna, 14th June {T. K.), Seebohm Coll.

Phoneus rutilus {Lath.).

Lanius rufus (Gmel), Grant, Nov. Zool. ix. p. 465 (1902).
Phoneus rutilus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 283 (1903).

Eggs of the Eastern Woodchat-Shrike are indistinguishable from
those of P. jpomeranus.

4. Safed, Palestine.

2. Tunis.

8. Algeria (Tristram CoU.).

6. Algeria (O. Salvin).

4. Madracen, Algeria, 27th May

{O.8.). ^
4. Zana, Algeria, 11th June (O. S.).

3. Chemora, Algeria, 26th May

{O.S.).

4. Chemora, 26th May (O. S.).
2. Chemora, 27th May (O.^.).

4. Chemora, 27th May {H. B. Tris-
tram).

1. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 13th May
(0. S.).

1. Ain Djendeli, 16th May (0. 8.).

2. Ain Djendeli, 20th May (O. S.).

2. Ain Djendeli, 23rd May ( 0. S.).

3. Ain Djendeli, 24th May (O. S.).
3. Ain Djendeli, 14th May {H. B.

Tristram).

1. Ain Djendeli, 16th May (ff. B. T.).

2. Fondouk, Algeria, 9th May

(H.B.T).

Canon Tristram [C]
Old Collection.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman CoU.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman CoU.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Crowley Bequest,
Crowley Bequest.

282

LANIID^.

Genus FISCUS, Bonajy.

Piscus humeralis {Stanley).

(Plate XII. fig. 13.)

Lanius humeralis, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 255 (1883) ; Grant,

Nov. Zool. ix. p. 466 (1902).
Fiscus humeralis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 284 (1903).

Four eggs of the Eastern Fiscal Shrike differ somewhat in shape
and vary from a broad oval to a somewhat pointed oval. All have
the ground-colour greenish white, spotted and marked with pale
rusty brown and larger underlying markings of lavender-grey,
which are mostly clustered so as to form a wide irregular band
round the larger end. In two of the eggs, the markings are much
stronger and deeper in colour, while in the fourth they are
comparatively faint. The eggs measure from '85 to '9 in length,
and -6 to -68 in breadth.

4. Harrar, S. Abyssinia, June. Mr. Zaphiro [C.].

Fiscus collar is {Linn.).

Lanius collaris, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 325, tab. xxxi. fig. 6
(1845-54) ; Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds 8. Africa, p. 374 (1875-
84) ; Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 255 (1883) ; Nehrh. Kat.
Mersamml. p. 72 (1899); Haagner, Ibis, 1901, p. 15; Stark 8f
Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 6 (1901).

Fiscus collaris, Ay res, Ibis, 1876, p. 429 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 284
(1893).

The eggs of the Fiscal Shrike vary in shape from a narrow pointed,
to a broad blunt, oval, and they are devoid of gloss. The ground is
of a pale greyish-white colour in some specimens, cream-coloured in
others, marked, chiefly on the larger half, with blotches, streaks,
and spots of pale brown and underlying lavender. As in the eggs
of other Shrikes, the markings are often confluent round the larger
end and form a broad zone, and less frequently an irregular cap.
Examples measure from -9 to M2 in length, and from "68 to -73 in
breadth.

3. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.
2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.

1 . South Africa {F. L. L. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).
6. South Africa. Gould Coll.

9. Transvaal {T. Ay res: Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

4. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [C.].

2. Deelfontein, 19th December (C. Col. A. T. Sloggett [P.].

Grant 8f E. Seimund).
4. Leeuwspruit, O.R.C, 10th Sept. Capt. G. E. H. Barrett-

Hamilton [P.].

riSCUS. ENNEOCTONrS. 283

Piscus excubitorius {Prev. 6f Des Murs).
(Plate XII. fig. 12.)

Lanius excubitorius, Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 478 (1873) ; GadoiVy

Cat. Birds, B. M. viii. p. 263 (1883).
Fiscus excubitorius, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 285 (1903).

The eggs of tbe African Grey Shrike are not to be separated
from those of Phoneus nuhicus, described above (p. 279), except
by their superior size. Three examples measure respectively : -96
by -73: -96 by 72; -9 by -72.

3. Near Fashoda, White Nile, 11th R. McD. Hawker, Esq. [P.].
April.

Piscus caudatus (Cab.).

(Plate XIII. fig. 2.)

Lanius caudatus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 254 (1883) ; Nehrk,

Eat. Eiersamml. p. 72 (1889).
Fiscus caudatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 285 (1903).

An e%g of the Long-tailed Shrike is of a broad oval shape, some-
what pointed towards the smaller end, and slightly glossed. The
ground-colour is creamy white, indistinctly spotted and blotched
round the larger end with yellowish brown and pale lavender-grey.
It measures -95 in length by '75 in breadth.

1. [East Africa.] Crowley Bequest.

Genus ENNEOCTONUS, Bonap.
Enneoctonus coUurio {Linn.).

Lanius collurio, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 328, tab. xxxi. fig. 9, a-f
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 70, pi. xx. figs, iii &
iv (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 399 (1871) ; Gadoiv, Cat,
Birds B. M. viii. p. 286 (1883) ; Seehohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 606,
pi. 11 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 221, pi. 54. figs. 10 & 11
(1896).

Enneoctonus collurio, Baedeker, Eie?' Eur. Vog. tab. 52. fig. 6 (1855-63) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 285 (1903).

The eggs of the Red-backed Shrike pass through the same
variations as those of the Woodchat-Shrike, but examples with
the ground pinkish cream-colour or salmon-pink appear to be
the commonest. Next in order of frequency come those eggs in
which the ground is tinged, in varying degrees, with green, and lastly
those in which the ground is greyish white, cream-colour or buff.

The eggs of the Red-backed Shrike measure from '8 to '95 in
length, and from -6 to '71 in length.

284

4.
3.
3.
3.
4.
5.
5.
5.
5.
5.
2.

5.
6.
1.
5.
4.
3.

4.
3.
6.
4.

3.
5.

1: lANIID^.

England.

Old Collection.

Cambridgeshire.

F.Bond, Esq. [P.'.

Cambridgeshire.

F. Bond, Esq. [P.J.

Cambridge.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Epping Eorest.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Sussex {Bargitt Coll).

Seebohm Coll.

Near London.

Gould Coll.

Near London.

Gould Coll.

Finchley (0. Salvin).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Finchley (0.>S.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Finchley (O.^S.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

Ohurt, Surrey, May.

Crowley Bequest.

Churt, June.

Crowley Bequest.

Tilford, Surrey.

Crowley Bequest.

Surrey, June.

Gould Coll.

Maidstone, Kent {Hargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

Valkenswaard, Holland, 25th May

Seebohm Coll.

{H. Seebohm).

Valkenswaard, 28th May {H. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

Valkenswaard, 29th May {H. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

Valkenswaard, 29th May {S. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

Elbeuf, Normandy {Noury : Har-
gitt Coll.).
Elbeuf {Nmry : Hargitt Coll).

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Foret de Bord, Elbeuf {Noury:

Seebohm Coll.

Hargitt Coll.).

Foret de Bord (Noun/: Hargitt

Seebohm Coll.

Coll.).

Pomerania (7". Holland).

Seebohm Coll.

Pomerania, 23rd May {T. H).

Seebohm CoU.

Pomerania, 4th June {T. H).

Seebohm Coll.

Pomerania, 8th June [T. H).

Seebohm Coll.

Pomerania, 8th June (T. H).

Seebohm Coll.

Offenbach, Germany, 6th May.

Crowley Bequest.

Offenbach, 6th May.

Crowley Bequest.

Anhalt, 30th May.

L. Field, Esq. [C.].

Olympus, Greece, 30th May

Seebohm Coll.

(T. Kriiper).

Athens, 1st June {T. K).

Seebohm Coll.

Athens, 2nd June {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 21st May {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 21st May {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 25th May (T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 25th May (T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 28th May (T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 30th May (T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 1st June {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 4th June {T. IQ.

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 4th June (T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Parnassus, 4th June {T. K.).

Seebohm Coll.

Turkey (T. Rohson).

Dr. E. Bowdler Sharpe [P.],

Palestine, 15th May {J. H.

Seebohm Coll.

Cochrane).

ENNBOCTONTJS. CEPHALOPHONEUS.

285

Enneoctonus vittatus (Val.).
(Plate XII. fig. 19.)

Laniiis vittatus, Gadow, Cat. Birds, B. M. viii. p. 280 (1883) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 462 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^' Eggs
Ind. Birds, i.^. ^11 (1889).

Enneoctonus vittatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 286 (1993).

The eggs of the Bay-backed Shrike are smaller than those of
Lanius lahtora, CephalopJioneus erythronotus, and O. nigriceps, but
do not otherwise differ from them. They measure from -75 to '95
in length, and from '62 to '71 in breadth.

2. Sind {J. H. Gould).

2. Hansi, 5th April.

2. Hansi, 12th April.
4. Hansi, 14th April.

3. Hansi, 15th April.

4. Hansi, 16th April.

2. Hansi, 3rd May.

3. Hansi, July.
3. Hansi, August.

2. Delhi, 29th June ( C. T. Bingham) .

3. Delhi, 15th Sept. (C. T. B.).

1. Delhi, 17th Sept. (C. T. B.).

3. Agra, July.

2. Agra, 26th July.
2. Bareilly, 23rd May.

1. Bareilly, 5th June.

4. Bareilly, 15th June.

2. Bareilly, 20th June.

1. Bareilly, 22nd June.

2. Bareilly, 24th June.
1. Etawah, 10th May.

1. Etawah, 14th May.
7. N.W. Provinces, India.

3. Bengal {W. Theobald: Tristram

Coll.).

2. Jhansi.

3. Jhansi, 2nd July.

4. Jhansi, 7th July.
2. Hoshungabad, 22nd July.

Gould Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Genus CEPHALOPHONEUS, Fitz.

Cephalophoneus bucephalus {Temm. ^ ScM.).

(Plate XII. fig. 18.)

Lanius bucephalus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 270 (1883) ;

Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 106 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 72 (1899).
Cephalophoneus bucephalus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 286 (1903).

The eggs of the Bull-headed Shrike are of a somewhat elongated,
pointed oval form and devoid of gloss. They are of a greenish

286 LANIID.U.

cream-colour, spotted and blotched with pale reddish brown or
brown and lavender. The markings generally form a broad but
very irregular zone round the larger end, and are rather scanty on
the smaller half of the egg. Examples measure from -89 to 1 in
length, and from '62 to -68 in breadth.

1.

Japan {H. Pryer).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Japan {H. P.).

Seebohm Coll

4.

Japan {H. P.).

Seebohm CoL

2

Japan {H. P.).

Seebohm CoL

2.'

Hondo, Japan, 14th June.

Crowley Bequest.

Cephalophoneus tephronotus ( Vig.).

Lanius tephronotus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. 31. viii. p. 260 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 465 (1889) ; id. ed'. Hume, Nests ^
■ JEffffs Ind. Birds, i. p. 325 (1889) ; Hartert, Nov. Zool. i. p. 673
(1894) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 72 (1899).

Cephalophoneus tephronotus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 287 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey-backed Shrike in the Collection are of two
types of coloration. In one, they are of a greenish-white colour,
blotched and spotted with pale olive-brown and lavender. Four
examples of this type measure respectively : 1 by '75 ; 1 by "74 ;
•97 by -75 ; '95 by "77. In a second type, the eggs are of a
pinkish-white colour, blotched and spotted with salmon-pink and
lilac. The average dimensions of five examples of this type are
1-03 by '71. These are of a somewhat narrow oval shape and
glossy, whereas those of the first type are of a broad oval form and
exhibit but a small trace of gloss.

2. Sikhim Terai, 7th June (O. Moller). Hume Coll.

2. Himalayas (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

5. Koko-Nor, Tibet {Tring Museum). Crowley Bequest.

Cephalophoneus erythronotus ( Vig.).

Lanius erythronotus, Wardlaw-Ramsag, Ibis, 1880, p. 52 ; Gadow, torn.

cit. p. 263 ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 464 (1889) ; id.

ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 318 (1889).
Cephalophoneus erythronotus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 2S7 (1903).

The eggs of the Indian Rufous-backed Shrike are so similar to
those of Lanius lahtora^ differing merely in being smaller, that it is
unnecessary to describe them separately. Some eggs of this species,
t^ken by Colonel R. G. Wardlaw-Ramsay in Afghanistan, differ,
however, in being cream-coloured, beautifully speckled with bright
chestnut and underlying lavender in about equal proportions. The
markings are very dense on the larger half of the eo^g and
comparatively scanty on the smaller. Specimens measure from '85
to 1-05 in length, and from '65 to '77 in breadth.

4. Hariat Valley, Afghanistan, 26th Seebohm Coll.
May {R. G. Wardlaw-Ratnsay).

CEPHALOPHONEUS.

287

6.
4.

10.

5.

3.

9.

7.

2.

2.

1.

3.

4.

2.

1.

8.
13.

8.

1.

2.

2.

e!

2.
2.
3.
1.
2.

Hariat Valley, 5tli June (i2. (?.

Hariat VaUey, 19th June (R. G.

W.-R.).
Kurrum Valley, Afghanistan, 22nd

June {R. G. W.-R.).
Kulu, Himalayas, 23r(l May.
Kotgarh, Himalayas, 2nd May.
Kotgarh, 19th June.
Jeripani, Mussoorie {J. Hutton).
Umballa, 1st July.
Plansi, July.
Hansi, Aug.
Hansi, 3rd Aug.
Agra, 24th June.
Agra, 10th Aug.
Agra, 23rd Aug.
Agra, 3l8t Aug. {K C. Nunn).
Bareilly, 27th May.
Allahabad, 9th April.
Hoshungabad, June (E. C. Nunn).
Jhansi {F. R. Blewitt).
Jhansi, 19th Tune {F. R. £.).
Jhansi, 27th July {F. R. B.).
Jhansi, 29th July {F. R. B.).
Jhansi, 3rd Aug. {F. R. B.).
Jhansi, 5th Aug. {F. R. B.).
Jhansi, 7th Aug. {F, R. B.).
Saugor, 0. Provs., 2nd July.
Saugor, 7th Jnly.
Raipur, C. Pro vs., 10th July.
Raipur, 12th July.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll,
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Cephalophoneus caniceps (Blyth).

(Plate XIII. fig. 1.)

Lanius caniceps, Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 383 (1879); Gadow, Cat. Birds

B. M. viii. p. 265 (1883).
Cephalophoneus caniceps, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 287 (1903).

Eggs of the Southern Rufous-backed Shrike are not to be dis-
tinguished from those of G. erythronotus.

1.

Madras.

Hume Coll.

4,

Nilghiri Hills.

Hume Coll.

3.

Nilghiri Hills, May.

Hume Coll.

4.

Nilghiri Hills, May.

Hume Coll.

3.

Nilghiri Hills.

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Nilghiri Hills.

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Nilghiri Hills.

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Nilghiri Hills.

Seebohm Coll.

2.

Nilghiri Hills.

Crowley Bequest.

5.

Nilghiri Hills {Tristram Coll.).

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Coonoor, Nilghiris, 24th Feb.

Hume Coll.

3.

Coonoor, March.

Hume Coll.

2.

Coonoor, 30th March.

Hume Coll.

3.

Coonoor, April.

Hume Coll.

288 LANIIB^.

2. Ooonoor, 8tli April. Hume Coll.

2. Coonoor, Sth April. Hume Coll.

3. Coonoor, 9th April, Hume Coll.
2. Coonoor, 16tli April. Hume Coll.
1. Coonoor, 9th May. Hume CoU.

1. Ceylon, 6th April {W. V. Legge). Crowley Bequest.

Cephalophoneus schach (Linn.).

Lanius schach, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. p. 326, tab. xxxi. fig. 7, a, h
(1845-64) ; Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 261 (1883) ; Styan,
Ibis, 1887, p. 225; La Touche, Ibis, 1892, p. 423; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 72 (1899).

Lanius schach, var. formosee, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 270.

Cephalophoneus schach, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 287 (1903).

The eggs of the Chinese Eufous-backed Shrike are larger than
those of C. erythronotus, but otherwise very similar to them.
They measure from -93 to 1*1 in length, and from -71 to '79 in
breadth.

6.

Amoy, China {R.
tram Coll.).

Swinhoe: Tris-

Crowley Bequest.

2.

Amoy {R. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Amoy (R. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Amoy (R. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Amoy [R. S).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

Amoy {R. S.).

Seebohm Coll.

2.

Shanghai, China, 7th May.

J. Whitehead, Esq. [C

2.

Foochow, China,

19th May.

C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.]

Cephalophoneus bentet (Horsf.),

(Plate XIII. fig. 3.)

Lanius bentet, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 266 (1883) ; Nehrh.

Kat. Biersamml p. 72 (1899).
Cephalophoneus bentet, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 287 (1903).

The eggs of the Bentet Shrike in the Collection are very similar
to some of those of G. erythronotus. In shape they vary from a
broad to a rather long oval. The ground-colour is creamy
white, with fine dots and spots of brown and underlying blotches
of pale lavender-grey scattered over the whole shell. They
measure from -8 to '93 in length by '65 in breadth.

3. West Java, 30th April. Crowley Bequest.

Cephalophoneus nigriceps (FranH.).

Lanius nigriceps, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 268 (1883) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 463 (1889) ; Gates, ed. Hume, Nests
^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 315 (1889),

Cephalophoneus nigriceps, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 287 (1903).

The eggs of the Black-headed Shrike resemble those of Lanins

CEPHALOPHONEUS. OXOMELl.

289

lahtora and C. erythronotus and are intermediate to them in size.
They measure from '82 to 1 in length, and from "68 to "79 in
breadth.

The series contains three clutches of eggs of the same abnormal
coloration found among eggs of C. erythronotus, as already noticed.

4. Sikliim {J. Gammie), Hume Coll.

2. Sikhira {J. G.). ' Hume Coll.

11. Sikhim (J. GX Hume Coll.

2. Sikhim, 11th June {J. G.). Hume Coll.
18. Mongphoo, DarjlHng (/. G.). Hume Coll.

3. Mongphoo, 20th April (X G.). Hume Coll.
3. Mongphoo, 23rd April (/. G.). Hume Coll.

3. Mongphoo, 23rd April (J. G.). Hume Coll.
2. Mongphoo, 23rd April {J. G.). Hume Coll.
2. Mongphoo, 29th April {J. G.). Hume Coll.
2. Mongphoo, 30th April {J. G.). Hume Coll.

4. Faridpur, Beugal, 23rd April Hume Coll.

(J. It. Cripps).
4. Faridpur, 24th April {J. R. C). Hume Coll.

Cephalophoneus nasutus (Scop.),

Lanius cephalomelas, Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. \iii. p. 269 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 72 (1899).
Cephalophoneus nasutus, SJiarpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 287 (1903).

Three eggs of the Philippine Black-headed Shrike are of a wide
blunt oval shape, with little or no gloss. The ground-colour is
greenish-white or creamy-white, spotted and blotched, especially
round the larger end, with rusty brown and pale lavender under-
lying markings. They measure "85 to '9 in length, and '6 to *7 in
breadth.

2. Philippine Islands {Moseley). Crowley Bequest.

1. Luzon, Philippine Islands. Crowley Bequest.

Genus OTOMELA, ^5o7iap.

Otomela phcenicuroides {Severtz.).

(Plate XIII. fig. 4.)

Lanius phcenicuroides, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 278 (1833) ;

Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 468 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat.

Eiersamml. p. 73 (1899).
Otomela phcenicuroides, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 288 (1903).

Eggs of the Bufous Shrike display considerable variety both in
size and markings. Four of those in the Museum Collection are of
a blunt broad oval form with a certain amount of gloss, but the
fifth, from the Altai Mountains, is of a narrower oval shape. The
ground-colour varies from greenish- white in the last named to
pinky or creamy-white in the former, in which the reddish-brown
and lavender spots and blotches are mostly grouped round the larger
end. In the Altai specimen the markings are distributed all over

vox. TV. 'u'

290 LAXTID^..

the shell. The measiireraents vary from '79 to -85 in length, and
from -6 to 'Q6 in breadth.

1. Altai Mountains {Nehrkorn Coll). Crowley Bequest.

2. Kuldja, Turkestan. C'rowiey Bequest.
2. Kuldja, 7th June. Crowley Bequest.

Otomela cristata (Lwn.).

Lanius cristatus, Gadow, Cat. lairds B. M. viii. p. 271 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 4G8 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 72 (1899).

Otomela phoenicura, Taoz. Faune Orn. Siher. Orient, p. 498 (1891).

Otomela cristata, Sharps, Hand-l. iv. p. 288 (1903).

Of the five ep;gs of the Brown Shrike in the Collection, four
have the ground-colour greenish white, while the fifth from Dauria
is of the rufous-bufF type. The yellowish-brown or rufous markings
ajid the underlying lavender blotches are much the same as in the
allied forms. The measurements vary from '85 to '92 in length,
and from -^2 to -68 in breadth.

1. Darasun, Dauria, June (Z)y;o?r.sH; Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

2. Amur-land. Crowley Bequest.
2. Amur-land. Crowley Bequest.

Otomela isabellina {Hempr. 4' Ehr.).

Lanius arenarius, Jerd. Birds Ind. i. p. 407 (1862).

Lanius isabellinus. Dresser, Birds Fur. iii. p. 413 (1878) ; Gadow, Cat.

Birds B. M. viii. p. 277 (1883) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i.

p. 467 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 72 (1899).
Otomela isabellina, Sharjjc, Hand-l. iv. p. 288 (1903).

Pour eggs of the Isabelline or Pale-brown Shrike belong to the
type with the ground-colour greenish white, and resemble those of
0. cristata and other allied forms. Measurements vary from 'SI
to '86 in length, by '65 in breadth.

2. Altai Mountains. Crowley Bequest.

2. Altai Mountains. Crowley Bequest.

Otomela superciliosa (Lath.).

I^anius superciliosus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 273 (1883) ;
Jouy, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vi. p. 292 (1883); Seebohm, Birds
Japan. Emp. p. 104 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 72 (1899).

Otomela superciliosa, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 288 (1903).

The eggs of the Japanese Eed-tailed Shrike are of a regular oval
shape and devoid of gloss. They are of a rich creamy-buff colour,
spotted and blotched with pale chestnut-brown and lavender. As
is the case with the eggs of the Shrikes in general, the markings
are chiefly confined to the larger half of the e^^ and form a, zone
round the broad end. Nine examples measure from -82 to -96 in
length, and from -67 to '7 in breadth.

CHLOROPHONEFS. — PELICINIUS. 291

2. Japan {H. Fryer). Seebohm Coll.
4. Japan {H. P.). Seebohm Coll,

3. Japan (H. P.). Seebohm Coil.

Genus CHLOROPHONEUS, Cab.

Chlorophoneus sulphureipectns (Less.).

(Plate XIIT. fig. 8.)

Laniarius sulphureipectus, Sharpe, ed. Layar^s Birds S. Africa, p. 384
(1875-84); Stark Sf Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 40
(1901).

Laniarius sulphureipectus, Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 159 (1883).

Malaconotus sulphureipectus, Alexander, Ibis, 1899, p. 583.

Chlorophoneus sulphureipectus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 291 (1903).

The ep:gs of the Orange-breasted Bush-Shrike are of a narrow
elliptical shape, somewhat pointed at both ends, and moderately
gloss}^ They are of a bluish-green colour, mottled all over with
pale brown and e:rey. Three examples measure respectively : '75
by -53; -76 by -53; -78 by '55.

2. Bissao, Senegambia (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. [Senegambia.]* Crowley Bequest.

Genus PELICINIUS, Bole.
Pelicinius gutturalis {P. L. S. Mull.),

Lanius bacbakiri, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vbg. tab. xxxi. fig. 12, a, h

(1845-54).
Laniarius gutturalis, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 385 (1875-

84) ; Stark ^ Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 33 (1901).
Laniarius bakbakiri, Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 162 (1883);

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 70 (1899).
Pelicinius gutturalis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 292 (1903).

The eggs of the Bakbakiri Bush-Shrike are of a regular oval
shape and glossy. They are of a blue colour, spotted and blotched,
more densely on the broad half, with reddish brown and lavender
or lilac. They measure from -98 to 1*06 in length, and from '73 to
•8 in breadth.

6. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

1. South Africa (^. i. iai/rtrtf). Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. South Africa {E. L. L. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

2. Cape Colony (r. ^imore: Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Co//.).

* This egg, there can be little doubt, forms part of the same clutch as the
two preceding ones.

V 2

292 LANIID-E.

Genus RHODOPHONEUS, Heugl.

Ehodophoneus cruentus (Ilempr, ^ Mr.).

(Plate XII. fig. 15.)

Laniarius cruentatus, BlytJi^ Rep. Coll. Somali Co. 6; Sclater, Ibis, I8G0,

p. 247.
Laniarius cruentus, Bkinf. Geol. ^ Zool. Abyss, p. 342 ; Gadow, Cat. Birds

^. 3/. viii. p.l52 (1883).
Rhodophoneus cruentus, Antinori ^ Salvad. Viagg. Bogos, p. 85 ; Sharpe,

Rand-l. iv. p. 293 (1903).

Two eggs of the Crimson-breasted Bush-Shrike are of a long,
pointed oval form and slightly glossed. The ground-colour is of a
deep greenish blue, sparsely spotted and blotched with rufous-brown
and lavender, the markings being larger and more numerous towards
the larger end. The eggs measure respectively 1*05 by '71 and
1-06 by -75.

1. Soudan. Major H. VV. Dunn [P.].

1. Ogayeb Wells, W. Kordofan. Major H. W.Dunn [P.J.

■Genus LANIARIUS, VieiJl.

Laniarius rufiventris, Sivains.

(Plate XIII. fig. 6.)

Laniarius ferrugineus, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's Birds S. Africa, p. 393

(1875-84).
Dryoscopus rufiventris, Gndoiv, Cat. Birds B.M. viii, p. 134 (1883).
Drvoscopus ferrugineus, Stark ^- Sclater. Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 27

(1901).
Laniarius rufiventris, Sharpe, Hafid-l. iv. p. 293 (1903).

The eggs of the Greater PufF-backed Bush-Shrike are of a regular
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are of a pale blue colour,
speckled with reddish brown and lavender. The markings at the
broad end are more or less confluent and form a cap. Two
examples measure respectively : '97 by '72 ; I'l by "77.

2. South Africa. Crowley Bequest.

LaniariiLS atrococcineus (Burch.).

(Plate XIII. fig. 16.)

Laniarius atrococcineus, Anderss. Birds Damara-land, p. 144 (1872) ;
Sharjje, ed. Bayard's Birds S. Africa, p. 389 (1875-84) ; Gadoio,
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 152 (1883) ; Stark ^ Sclater, Fauna
S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 31 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 295 (1903).

The eggs of the Black-and-Crimson Shrike, taken by Mr.
Andersson, are of a regular oval shape and moderately glossy.
They are cream-coloured, spotted and blotched with pale brown and
lavender, the broad end being more densely covered than the other
parts. They measure respectively : -94 by '7; '91 by '65.

2. Otjimbinque, Damara-land (C. J. Crowley Bequest.
Ander.'^^on : Tristram Coll.).

POMATORHYNCHUS. 293^

Genus POMATORHYNCHUS, Boie.

Pomatorhynchus senegalus {Linn.).

(Plate XIII. fig. 7.)

Teleplionus erythropterus, Gurney 8f Awes, Ihis, 1860, p. 211 ; 1865,

p. 273 ; Nehrk. Kat. Elersamml p. 69 (1899).
Laniarius seueo:alus, Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 394-

(1875-84).
Telephonus senegalus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 124 (1883).
Telephonus senegalus, Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 19

(1901). ^

Pomatorhj^nchus senegalus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 299 (1903).

The eggs of the Black-headed Bush-Shrike are of a regular oval
shape, moderately glossy, and of a pinkish-white colour, marked
with specks, blotches, streaks, and angular lines of reddish grey,
brownish grey, and lavender. They measure from -93 to '99 ia
length, and from -67 to -71 in breadth.

2. Natal T. Ayres, Esq. [C.].

4. S. Africa. Crowley Bequest.

Pomatorhynchus blanfordi (SJiarpe).

(Plate XII. figs. 17 & 20.)

Telephonus blanfordi, Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 127 (1883).
Pomatorhynchus blanfordi, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 300 (1903).

Eggs of Blanford's Eed-winged Bush-Shrike are of a blunt oval
shape and very slightly glossed. The ground-colour in aU four
examples is pure white, spotted, blotched, and generally scrawled
with purplish brown and lavender. Measurements vary froni
•9 to -92 in length, by -65 to -66 in breadth.

Harrar, S. Abyssinia, June. Mr. Zaphiro [C.].

Pomatorhynchus australis (Smith).

(Plate XIII. fig. 9.)

Pomatorhynchus trivirgatus, ^n6?ers.s. i?//Y/5 Daynarn-land, p. 151 (1872).
Telephonus tiivirgatus, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 122 (18:^3).
Laniarius trivirgatus, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's Birds S. Africa^ p. 396

(1875-84).^
Telephonus trivirgatus, Nehrk. Kat. Eiersaminl. p. 70 (1899).
Telephonus australis, Stark 8f Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Birds, ii. p. 22

(1901).
Pomatorhynchus australis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 300 (1903).

The eggs of the Three-streaked Bush-Shrike resemble those of
P. senegalus, but are rather more richly coloured. Pour examples
measure respectively : -9 by -67 ;"85 by -64; -9 by -68; -81 by -63*

2. Ondonga, Ovampo-laud (C. J. Crowley Bequest.

Andersson : Tristram Coll.).
2. Ondonga (C. J. A. : Tristram Crowlev Bequest,

Coll.).

294 LANIID^.

Pomatorhynclius tschagra ( Vieill).
(Plate XIII. fig. 10.)

Teleplionu8 tschagra, Loche, Erpl. Scient. AlgSr., Ois. ii. p. 44 (1867).
Telephonus cxxcwWaXn^^Baedeker^, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 52.iig. 9 (1855-63);

Tristram, Ibis, 1860, p. 150 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 70 (1899).
Telephonus erythropterus, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 423 (1872).
Telephonus cucullatus, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 126 (1883).
Pomatorhynclius tschagra, Sharjje, Hand-l. iv. p. 301 (19U3).

The eggs of the Hooded Shrike in the Collection are almost
elliptical in shape and but very slightly glossy. They are of a
greenish-white colour, densely mottled with olive or umber-brown
and lavender. The markings are very evenly distributed over the
shell. Two examples measure respectively : 1 by *72 ; 1-03 by '77.

1. Algeria (Loche). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Koleah Forest, Algeria, 11th June Crowley Bequest.
{H. B. Tristram).

Genus FALCUNCULUS, Vieill.

Falcunculus leucogaster, Gould.

(Plate XIII. fig. 12.)

Falcunculus leucogaster, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 229 (1865) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 174 (1883) ; North, Nests Sf Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 69 (1889); Campbell, Nests i^' Eggs Austr. Birds j
i. p. 309 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 302 (1903).

An egg of the White-bellied Shrike-Tit in the Collection is of a
somewhat narrow oval form and almost devoid of gloss. It is
white, speckled, more densely at the broad end than elsewhere, with
umber-brown and lavender. It measures '88 by 'Q2.

1. West Australia, 7th Oct. {Gilbert). Gould Coll.

Genus OREOICA, Gould.

Oreoica cristata (Lewin).

(Plate XIII. fig. 11.)

Oreoica gutturalis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxx. fig. 17 (1845-

54).
Oreoica cristata, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 231 (1865) ; Gadow,

Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 174 (1883) ; North, Nests c^ Eggs Austr.

Birds, p. 70, pi. viii. fig. 6 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 70

(1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 310, pi. 12

(1901) ; Shaipe, Hand-l. iv. p. 303 (1903).

* Baedeker (torn. cit. tab. 52. fig. 8) figures the egg of this species a f^cond
time, under the name of T. erythropterus. Bree, on the other hand, figures
the egg of P. senegalus as that of the present species (Birds Eur. 2nd ed. ii.
p. 25, pi.).

rACHTCEPHALA. 295

The eggs of the Australian* Bell-bird are of an ordinary oval shape
and but slightly glossy. The majority are bluish white, spotted
with black and, in a minor degree, with slaty grey. Others are
pale blue, marked, chiefly at the broad end, with spots, scrawls, and
thick lines of black and lavender-grey. Examples measure from
1'09 to 1*15 in length, and from "78 to 'So in breadth.

1. Australia {JE. P. Seymour). Crowley Bequest.
3. Australia. * Gould Coll.

2. West Australia, Sept. Gould Coll.

1. Cardington, Bell Kiver, N.S.W., Crowley Bequest.

25th Aug. {K P. Ranismj:
Tristram Coll.).

2. Liverpool, N.S.W., 12th Dec. Crowley Bequest.

{A. J. North).

3. Ivanhoe, N.S.W., 13th Oct. Crowley Bequest.

\A. J. N.).

Genus PACHYCEPHALA, Vig. Sf Horsf.
Pachycephala torquata, Layard.

Pacbycephala torquata, Lnyard, Ibis, 1876, p. 140 ; Gadow, Cat. Birds
B. M. viii. p. 201 (1883) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 303 (19a3).

An e^g, which Layard did not authenticate satisfactorily, but
which he was of opinion might be referable to the Taviuni Thiek-
head, is of a narrow, pointed oval shape, extremely glossy and of
a rufous-chocolate colour, with a broad band of very dark brown,
almost black, round the larger end. It measures 1*14 by '7(5.
This e^^ is quite unlike those of the other Pachycephaline birds
in the Collection, and must be considered very doubtful.

1. Fiji Islands {E. L. Layard: Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

Pachycephala rosseliana, Hartert,

(Plate XIII. fig. 14.)

Pachycephala rosseliana, Hartert, Bull. B. O. C. viii. p. viii. (1898);
iSharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 305 (1903).

Two eggs of the Rossel-Island Thickhead, taken by Mr. Meek,
are of a very broad oval shape, approaching the spherical, and
moderately glossy. They are of a greyish-pink colour, spotted and
blotched with umber-brown and deep lavender. The markings are
fairly evenly distributed over the surface of the shell. They
measure respectively : "9 by -75 ; -91 by -72.

2. St. AigUcan, Louisiade Archipelago. A. S. Meek [C.].

296

ZAyilDJE.

Pachycephala gntturalis {Lath.).

PachycepLala pectoralis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxix. fig. 16,

a, b (1845-54).
Pachycephala g-utturalis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 207 (1865) ;

'Gadotu, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 192 (1883); North, Nests ^ Eggs

Austr. Birds, p. 64, pi. xii. fig*. 9 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. 71 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 319, pi. 12

(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l, iv. p. 306 (1903).

The eggs of the White-throated Thickhead are of an ordinary-
oval shape, occasionally pointed, and exhibiting a considerable
amount of gloss. They vary from cream-colour to pale brownish
buff, and are spotted and blotched with umber-brown and
purplish-grey. The markings are generally dense and confluent at
the broad end of the egg, where they form an irregular zone, but are
sparse elsewhere. Specimens measure from -87 to I'Ol in length,
and from '65 to '7 in breadth.

4. Australia {E. P. Seymo^ir). Crowlev Bequest.

2. South Australia (J.' 6^o?/ir/). Gould Coll.

1. Dobroyde, N.S. W. {E. P. Ramsag : Crowley Bequest.

Tridram Coll.).

3. New South Wales (E. P. Ramsay) . G ould Coll.

2. New South Wales, 31st Aug. Gould Coll.

^ {E. P. R.).

2. Victoria. Govt, of Victoria [P.]-

3. Oaldeigh, Victoria, 19th Sept. Crowlev Bequest.

{A. J. North).
2. Gippsland, Victoria, 14th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. N.).

1. Gippsland. F.A.Philbrick,E9q., K.C.[P.].

Pachycephala glancnra, Gould.

Pachycephala glaucnra, Gould, JIandh. Birds Austr. i. p. 209 (1865) :
Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 194 (1883) ; North, Nests &r Eggs
Anstr. Birds, p. 66 (1889); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 71 (189*9);
Campbell, Nests 4' Eqqs Austr. Birds, i. p. 322 (1901); Sharpe^
Iland-l. iv. p. 300 (11)03).

The eggs of the Grey-tailed Thickhead appear to be inseparable
from those of P. gutturalis. Pour examples measure respectively :
•91 by -68 ; -96 by -7 : '97 by -7 ; 1 by -69.

2. Tasmania (C. Gould). Gould Coll.

2. Tasmania {E. D. Atkinson). Crowley Bequest.

Pachycephala chlorura. Gray.
(Plate XIII. fig. 15.)

Pachycephala chlonna, Layard, Ibis, 1878, p. 272 ; Gadoiu, Cat. Birds
B. M. viii. p. 194 (1883) ; Sharjw, Iland-l. iv, p. 306 (1903)., *%

The eggs of the New Hebrides Thickhead in the Collection are

PACHTCEPHALA. 297

of a broad oval shape and very glossy. They are pale salmon-pink,
spotted and blotched with rich purplish red and dark lavender-grey,
chiefly in the form of an irregular zone round the broad end of the
e^g. Two examples measure respectively: -96 by '72; -1 by "77.

2. Aneiteum, New Hebrides Voy. H.M.S. ' Herald.'

(/. Macgillivray).

Pachycephala obscurior, Hartert,

(Plate XIII. fig. 17.)

Pachycephala obscurior, Hartert, Nov. Zool. iii. p. 15 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand'l. iv. p. 307 (1903).

Two eggs of the Dusky Thickhead taken by Mr. Weiske are of
a broad oval shape, slightly glossy, and white, marked, chiefly in
the form of a zone round the broad end, with black spots and
email irregularly-shaped blotches, with which are intermingled
a few spots of dark grey. They measure respectively: 1*1 by '81;
1-06 by -81.

2. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].

Pachycephala xanthetraea {Forst.).
(Plate XIII. fig. 19.)

Pachycephala xanthetraea, E. L. ^- E. L. C. Layard^ Ibis, 1882, p. 516 ;

Sharpe, Eand-l iv. p. 308 (1903).
Pachycephala xantherythrsea, Gaduw, Cat. Birds B. 31. viii. p. 207

(1883).

Layard procured an egg in New Caledonia which is undoubtedly
referable to a species of Pachycephala., either P. morariensis
or P. xanthetrcea. Prom its small size it appears to be referable
to the latter spfecies, the Blue-backed Thickhead. It is smaller
than, but quite similar in colour to, the eggs of P. gutturalis,
and measures -82 by "61.

1. New Caledonia {E. L. Layard : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).

Pachycephala rufiventris {Lath,).

Pachvcephala rufiventris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 212 (1865) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 208 (1883) ; North, Nests 8f Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 67, pi. xii. tig. 11 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 71 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 4' Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 324
(1901); Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 308 (1903).

The eggs of the Rufous-breasted Thickhead are of an ordinary
oval shape, occasionally much pointed at the smaller end, and
moderately glossy. They are of an olive-buff colour, spotted and
blotched, chiefly in a zone round the broad end, with darker
olive or olive-brown and pale lavender -grey. They measure from
•85 to -9 in length, and from '6 to -68 in breadth.

298 LANIIDiE.

1. Australia. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Dawson River, Queensland, 17tli Crowley Bequest.

Oct. {North Coll.).

2. West Australia, 4th Oct. Gould Coll.

2. West Australia. Gould Coll.

3. New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay). Gould Coll.
3. New South Wales, Oct. Gould Coll.

1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales {J. Gould • Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

2. Dobroyde, N.S. W. {E. P. Ramsay : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

3. Liverpool, N.S.W., 21st Oct. Crowley Bequest. v

{A. J. North).

2, Victoria. Govt, of Victoria [P.].

2. Victoria. Govt, of Victoria [P.].

1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A.Philbrick,Esq.,K.C. [P.].

Pachycephala olivacea, Viy. Sc Homf.

Pachycephala olivacea, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 218 (1865) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 212 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 68, pi. viii. fig. 11 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 71 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 326, pi. 12
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 309 (1903).

Three eggs of the Olivaceous Thickhead in the Collectioa are of
an oval shape, inclining to the biconical, the broader end being
somewhat sharply pointed. They are slightly glossy and cream-
coloured, sparingly spotted and blotched with dark reddish brown
or umber-brown and lavender. The markings are disposed chiefly
on the broad half. They measure I'l by '79 ; 1-13 by '77 ; 1'18
by "78 respectively.

1. Tasmania. Gould Coll.

2. Tasmania [E. D. Atkinson). Crowley Bequest.

Pachycephala xanthoprocta, Gould.
(Plate XIII. fig. 13.)

Pachycephala xanthoprocta, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 211 (1893) ;
North, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 409(1889); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 71 (1899) ; Sharpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 309 (1903).

The eggs of the Norfolk Island Thickhead in the Collection are
of a rather broad oval form and slightly glossy. They are of a
pale creamy-buff colour, thickly mottled and spotted over the
broader half with umber-brown and lavender-grey. The smaller
half of the Q.g% is comparatively free of markings. Two examples
measure respectively : 1 by '1 ; '95 by '7.

2. Norfolk Island. Gould Coll.

HTLOTERPE. EOPSALTRIA. 299

Genus HYLOTERPE, Cab.

Hyloterpe philippinensis, Walden.

(Plate XIII. fig. 18.)

Pachycephala philippinensis, Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 221

fl883).
Hyloterpe philippinensis, Grant ^ Whitehead, Ibis, 1698, p. 241, pi. v.

fig. 1 ; Sharjje, Hand-l. iv. p. 313 (1903).

The egg of the Yellow-bellied Thickhead in the Collection is of
an oval shape and rather glossy. It is of a pale creamy-buff colour,
becoming darker on tho broad end of the ^gg., round which there is
a wide but very irregular zone, composed of dull chestnut and dark
blaish-grey spots. The remainder of the egg is unmarked. This
example measures '9 by -68.

1. Samar, Philippine Islands, June. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.I.

Genus PACHYCEPHALOPSIS, Salvad.

Pachycephalopsis poliosoma, Sharpe.

(Plate XIII. fig. 20.)

Pachycephalopsis poliosoma, Gould, Birds New Guinea, iii. pi. 26;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 314 (1903).
Pachycephala poliosoma, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 226 (1883).

The egg of the New Guinea Grey Thickhead in the Collection is
of a regular oval shape and quite devoid of gloss. It is of a creamy-
buff colour, rather thickly spotted and mottled all over with pale
olive-brown and lavender ; and whereas the markings of the former
colour are pretty equally distributed over the entire shell, those of
the latter are more prominent at the broad end, where they become
confluent and form large patches. The egg measures I'OS by -76.

1. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].

Genus EOPSALTRIA, Swains.
Eopsaltria australis ( White).

Eopsaltria australis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 293 (1865) ;
Ramsay, Trans. Phil. Soc. N.S. W. I860, p. 326, pi. i. figs. 7 & 8 ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 176 (1883) ; North, Nests <$- Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 108 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 70 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 311, pi. 12 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 315 (1903).

The eggs of the Yellow-breasted Shrike-Robin are generally of a
broad oval form, inclining to the elliptical or spheroidal, and they
are moderately glossy. They are greenish blue of various shades,
rather densely speckled and mottled with chestnut-brown and
underlying lavender-grey. The markings are frequently confluent
and indistinct, but on some specimens they are well defined. In

300

LANIID^.

most cases they are very dense at the broad end, where they form

a wide belt or, less frequently, a cap. Specimens measure from -77
to '9 in length, and from -6 to '65 in breadth.

2. Australia. Gould Coll.

1. Australia. Salvin-Godman Coll.

4. Australia {A. J. North). Crowley Bequest.

2. Queensland {Owen). Gould Coll.

2. Moreton Bay. Gould Coll.

3. New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay). Gould Coll.

5. Dobroyde, N.S.W. (E. P. R. : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

2. Dobroyde, N.S.W., 8th Sept. Crowley Bequest.

[E. P. R. : Tristram Coll.).

3. South Australia (F. G. Angas). Gould Coll.

1 . Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.O. [P.].
3. Victoria. Govt, of Victoria [P.J.

2. Victoria. Govt, of Victoria [P.].
2. Victoria. Govt, of Victoria [P.J.
2. Victoria. Govt, of Victoria
2. Victoria. Govt, of Victoria

?i-

Eopsaltria georgiana ( Q. 4" G-)-

Pachycephala griseogularis, Thien. Fortpjianz. yes. Voy. tab. xxix. fig. 15

(1845-54).
Eopsaltria griseogularis, Gould, Handh. Birds Anstr. i. p. 294 (1865).
Eopsaltria georg-iana, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 178 (1883) ;

Campbell, Nests ^ Eqas Austr. Birds, i. p. 315 (1901) ; SharjJe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 315 (1903).

The eggs of the Grey-breasted Shrike-Rohin in the Collection
are of a broad oval form and gloss}^ They are of an ochraceous-
buff colour. One specimen exhibits a broad zone of slightly darker
tint than the ground-colour ; the other is mottled with chestnut-
brown, chiefly in a wide confluent zone round the broad end. They
measure respectively : '84 by '62 ; '8 by -61.

2. West Australia ( Wilson). Gould Coll.

Eopsaltria flaviventris, Sharpe.

(Plate XIII. fig. 5.)

Eopsaltria flavigastra, E. L. ^^ E. L. C. Layard, Ibis, 1882, p. 517.
Eopsaltria flavigaster, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 179 (1883) f

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 70 (1899).
Eopsaltria flaviventris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 315 (1903).

An eg^ of the Yellow-bellied Shrike-Hobin taken by the Messrs.
Layard is spheroidal in shape, slightly glossy, and of a very pale
greyish-green colour, evenly speckled and mottled all over with
light brown and lavender. It measures -68 by -55.

1. Noumea, New Caledonia {E. L. Crowley Bequest. ^- ^

Layard: Tristram Coll.).

PARIDJE. 301

Family PAE1D.E.
Genus POECILE, Kaup.

Pcecile dresseri, Stejn.

Parus palustris, apud Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 157, pi. xl.
fig. i (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 99, part, (1871) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 49, part. (1883) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i,
p. 476, pi. 9, part. (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 212, pi. 53.
%. 17, part. (1896).

Parus dresseri, Sharpe, Handh. Brit. Birds, i. p. 139 (1894).

Poecile dresseri, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 317 (1903).

The eggs of the British Marsh-Titmouse are indistinguishable from
those of P. palustris and P. borealis.

2. Conington, Cambridgeshire (E. Salvin-Godman Coll.

Netvton).

2. Welney Wash, Cambridgeshire Salvin-Godman Coll.

(O.^Sakin).

4. Cookham, Berkshire ( ^. jffr^^«). Gould Coll.

7. Cookham. Gould Coll.

8. Cookham. Gould Coll.

Poecile palustris {Linn.),

Parus palustris, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. p. 150, tab. xviii. fig. 7, a, b
(1845-54) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iil. p. 99, part. (1871) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. viii. p. 49, part. (1883).

Poecila palustris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fig. 13 (1855-63).

Poecile palustris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 317 (1903).

The eggs of the Marsh-Titmouse and those of its allies, P,
dresseri and P. borealis, cannot be separated from each other by
any character. They are of a rather pointed oval form, and while
some have a slight gloss others are devoid of gloss. They are
white, speckled and spotted with two shades of chestnut. The
markings are everywhere sparse, except at the broad end, where
they are, in many specimens, dense, and form either an irregular
zone or an ill-defined cap. Many examples, however, are evenly
marked all over with very small specks. They measure from -59 to
•66 in length, and from '45 to '52 in breadth.

7. Stolp, Pomerania, 4th May Seebohm Coll.
( T. Holland).

7. Stolp, 10th May ( T. H). Seebohm Coll.

8. Stolp, 18th May {T, H). Seebohm Coll.

Poecile borealis (Selys-Longch.).

Poecile alpestris, Baedeker, J.f O. 1856, p. 33, tab. ii. fig. 13.
Poecila borealis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fig. 16 (1855-63).
Parus borealis. Wheelwright, A Spring and Summer in Lapl. p. 289
(1871) : Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 107 (1872) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd

302 PARID^.

ed, iii. p. 77, pi. (1875) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 51
(1883).
Poecile borealis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 319 (1903).

The eggs of the Xorthern Marsh-Titmouse do not differ from those
of P. jpalustris in any respect.

9. Sweden, 8th May {H. W. Gould Coll.
Wheelwright).

3. Sweden, 16th May. Seehohm Coll.

4. Jura Alps, 3rd May ( W. Schluter). Seebohm Coll.

5. Savoy, 25th April ( W. S.). Seebohm Coll.

Pcecile Ingubris (Temm.).

Parus lugubris, Thien. Fortpfanz. ges. Vog. p. 148, tab. xviii. fig. 4, a, b
(1845-54) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 121 (1872) ; Bree, Birds Eur.
2nd ed. iii. p. 58, pi. (1875); Danford, Ibis, 1878, p. 9; Gadotu,
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 47 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 67
(1889).

Poecila lugubris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voq. tab. 43. fig. 14 (1855-63).

Poecile lugubris, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 319 (1903).

The eggs of the Sombre Titmouse are of a blunt oval form and
possess a very slight amount of gloss. They are white, rather
sparingly speckled with chestnut and pale pink. The markings on
some examples tend to form an irregular zone round the broader
end ; in others they are evenly spread over the entire eg^. Four
specimens measure respectivel} : -66 by -53 ; -67 by '54 ; '7 by 'b2 ;
.69 by -54.

4. Asia Minor, 23rd April (C. G. Seebohm Coll.

Dat)fu7'd).
1. Smyrna, 12th May {T. Krilper). Seebohm Coll.

Poecile cincta (Bodd.).

Parus cinctus, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 125 (1871) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds.

B. M. viii. p. 35 (1883).
Parus sibiricus, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 62, pi. (1875).
Poecile cincta, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 320 (1903).

The eggs of the Lapp Titmouse are of an excessively broad
oval form, some specimens approaching the spheroidal. They are
white, devoid of gloss, and sparingly speckled and spotted with
pale chestnut. In most examples the markings are very evenly
distributed over the shell ; in a few they are somewhat more dense
at the larger end, but seldom conspicuously so. In the eggs of this
species the spots are remarkably well-defined and distinct, and
rarely coalesce. Examples measure from 'Q2 to -75 in length,
and from '5 to 'SI in breadth.

2. Swedish Lapland {J. TVolley : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).
8. Lapland (it/e?;es). Seebohm Coll. -. ■"> "

2. Lapland {J. Wolley : Tristram Gould Coll.

Coll.).

P{ECILE. SITTIPARUS. 303

11. Lapland {H. Haivhins : Ilargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.).

3. Lapland, 26th May. Crowley Bequest.

2. Lapland (J. Wolley), Salvin-Godman Coll.

7. Lapland (A. Newton). Salvin-Godman Coll.

8. Muonioniska, Lapland, 5th May. Seebohm Coll.

4. Finland, 3rd June {J. Wolley : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).

Pcecile carolinensis {Aud.).

Parus carolinensis, Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 102

(1874) : Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. vii'i. p. 46 (1883).
PcBcile carolinensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 321 (1903).

The eggs of the Carolina Titmouse are of a broad oval form
and without gloss. They are white, delicately marked with specks
and very small blotches of chestnut. The markings are more
numerous at the larger end than elsewhere, and form an ill-defined
cap at that part. Specimens measure from -55 to -58 in length, and
from -44 to -46 in breadth.

1. North America ('S'weMs. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

6. Washington, D.C, 27th April Salvin-Godman Coll.

{Ilenshaw Coll.).

Pcecile atricapilla (Linn.),

Parus atricapillus, Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 20 (1874); Baird, Brewer
8f Ridgio. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 96 (1874) ; Gacloio, Cat. Birds
B. M. viii. p. 44 (1883); Nehrh. Cat. Eiersamml. p. 66 (1899).

Pcecile atricapilla, JSharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 321 (1903).

The eggs of the American Black-capped Titmouse are broad ovals
and without gloss. They are white or pinkish white, speckled and
blotched with chestnut. Some specimens are merely speckled all
over ; others have blotches of small size combined with specks and
spots, especially at the larger end, where an indistinct cap is often
formed. They measure from '55 to '6 in length, and from -45 to
•5 in breadth.

10. Massachusetts, U.S.A. {Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.

Coll.).
1. North America {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

Genus SITTIPARUS, Selys-Longch,

Sittiparus sieboldi, Seebohm.

Parus varius, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 37 (1883) ; Seebohm, Birds

Jap. Emp. p. 85 (1890).
Sittiparus sieboldi, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 322 (1903).

Two eggs of the Japanese Titmouse are of a very broad oval
shape, with the usual reddish-brown and lavender spots and dots
distributed more or less generally over the whole shell. They
measure -6 by '5.
2. Japan, 30th May. Crowley Bequest.

304

PARID^.

Genus LOPHOPHANES, Kaup.

Lophophanes cristatus (Linn.).

Parus cristatus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 152, tab. xviii. fig. 10, a-o
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eqq^i of Brit. Birds, i. p. 154, pi. xxxix.
fig. iii (1856) ; Gadow, Cat. Bvrh B. M. viii. p. 27 (1883) ; Seebohm,
Brit. Birds, i. p. 481, pi. 9 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 213,
pi. 53. fig. 18 (1806) ; Irbg, Orn. Str. Gihr. 2nd ed. p. 73 (1895).

Lophophanes cristatus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. F07. tab. 43. fi(r. 17
(1855-63) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 151 (1871) j Sharps, Hand-l.
iv. p. 323 (1903).

The eggs of the Crested Titmouse are of a broad pointed oval
shape, and in some cases slightly glossy. They are white, usually
marked in a bold manner with rich chestnut. In the majority of
specimens the markings are chiefly on the larger end of the e^^.,
where they coalesce and form a well-defined cap or broad zone.
In others the markings are small and distinct, and although more
dense at the broad end than elsewhere, they do not form a notice-
able cap. Many of the more richly- marked examples are blotched
with pale purplish red, underlying the chestnut. They measure from
•6 to -7 in length, and from -46 to -57 in breadth.

Ross-shire {J. Hancock ■ Tristram

Coll.).
Speyside, Morayshire.
Speyside, 16th May.
Valkenswaard, Holland, 23rd May.
Vosges Mts., France [Mougel: Hai'-

gitf Coll.).
Gibraltar(L. IT. M?/).
Sweden {H. W. Wheelwright).
Sweden (//. W. W.).
Sweden, 1st Mav {H. W. W.)
Carlstad, Sweden (//. W. W. :

Tristram Coll.).
Gardsjo, Sweden, 25th April

(//. W. W\).
(^ardsjo {H. W. W.).
Wermland, Sweden, April (77. W. W.
AVermland, 20th April (Hargitt

Coll.).
Pomerania, 3rd May (T. Holland).
Pomerania, 5th May (T. H.).
Pomerania. 6th May {T. H.).
Reval, Baltic Provs., 28th April

{Russoio).
Saxony.

Cilli, Stja-ia {E. Seidensacher).
Oilh (E. S.).
Cilli [E. S.).

Crowley Bequest.

J. J. Dalgleish, Esq. [C.].
A. H. Evans, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coil.

Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

Seebohm Coll.

Cowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.

LOPnOPHANES. — PERIPAEXJS. 305^

Lophophanes inornatus (Gambel).

Lophophanes inornatus, Baird, Brewer Sf Ilidgiv. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 91
(1874) ; Coues, Birds Colorado Vail. p. 114 (1878) ; Sharps, Hand-l
iv. p. 324 (1903).

Parus inornatus, Gadoic, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 32 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. m (1899).

The eggs of the American Plain Titmouse are of a pointed oval
form and slightly glossy. They are white, marked with delicate
specks of pale chestnut, which are confined almost entirely to the
larger end, where, in three examples, they form a narrow but distinct
zone, and in a fourth a small cap. They measure respectively t "69
by -5 ; -68 by b ; '75 by -54 ; -64 by -5.

4. Oakland, California, 3rd April Salvin-Godman ColL
( W. E. Bryant : Henshaw Coll.).

Genus PERIPARUS, Selys-Longch.
Periparus ater {Linn.).

Parus ater, Thien. Fortjjflanz. qes. Voq. p. 149, tab. xviii. fig. 6, a, b
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Bier '^Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fig. 10 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 87 (1872) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii.
p. 40 (1883).

Periparus ater, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 325 (1903).

The eggs of the European Coal Titmouse are of a rather broad,
pointed oval form and without gloss. They are white, somewhat
thickly speckled and spotted with two shades of pale chestnut,
especially at the broad end, where the markings often form an
imperfect cap. The spots on the e^^ of this Titmouse are usually
firm and distinct, but in a clutch taken in Pomerania they are cloudy
and blotchy, as if sunk into the shell. Examples measure from
•56 to *65 in length, and from -45 to -5 in breadth.

3. Vosges Mts., France [Mougel: Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Vosges Mts. {Noury : Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Vosges Mts. {Mougel: Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

10. Vosges Mts. {Noury : Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

9. Pomerania, 14th May ( T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.

Periparus britannicus (Sharpe Sf Dresser).

Parus ater, apud Heioitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 156, pi. xxxiXi.

fig. iv (1856).
Parus britannicus, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 93(1872) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds

B. M. viii. p. 41(1883) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 472. pi. 9 (1883) ;

id. EggsofBHt. Birds, p. 211, pi. 53. fig. 16 (1896).
Periparus britannicus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 325 (1903).

The eggs of the British Coal Titmouse are very similar to those
of P. ater., and cannot be separated from them, but owing to the
larger series of the eggs of the British bird they appear more varied
than those of the other. A few examples are cream-coloured, quit©

VOL. IV. X

306 PARTD^.

spotless; others are minutely speckled all over; and others again are
handsomely blotched, as well as spotted, at the larger end. They
measure from -58 to "7 in length, and from "42 to *5 in breadth.

9. Co. Waterford, Ireland, loth May. E. J. Ussher, Esq. [P.].

4. England. Old Collection.

2. Norfolk. Salvin-Godman Coll.
7. l^orfolk, 20ih May [T. Noj-(/atc). Seebohm Coll.

9. Cookhani, Berkshire, 20th May. Gould Coll.

3. Cookham. Gould Coll.

6. New Forest (H. Saundet^s). Seebohm Coll.

9. Epping Forest, 9th May (O. Salvin). Sahin-Godman Coll.

4. Hampstead, London (6. ^.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
13. Churt, Surrey, June. Crowley Bequest.

9. Tilford, Surrey. Crowley Bequest.

10. Tilford. Cowley Bequest.

Periparus melanolophus (Vig.).

(Plate XIV. fig. 1.)

Piirus melanolophus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii, p. 28 (1883).
Lophophanes melanolophus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 57

(1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 28 (1889).
Periparus melanolophus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 326 (1903).

The eggs of the Crested Black Titmouse are of a regular oval
form and very slightly glossy. They are white, speckled and
blotched with dull chestnut-brown and underlying pale lavender.
The markings are dense at the larger end, and form an imperfect
cap at that part. Examples differ much in size, the smallest
measuring -58 by -43, and the largest -7 by -52.

2. Kashmir, June ( C. It. Cock : Crowley Bequest.

Tristram Coll.).
1. Kotgarh, N.W. Himalayas, 17th Hume Coll.

April.
1. Kotgarh, 27th April. Hume Coll.

3. Kotgarh, 14th May. Hume Coll.

Genus MACHLOLOPHUS, Cah.

Machlolophus rex, David.

(Plate XIV. fig. 2.)

Machlolophus rex, David ^- Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 286 (1877) ; La Touche,

Ibis, 1899, p. 402 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 327 (1903).
Parus rex, Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 367 (1883).

The eggs of the King Titmouse are of a blunt, pointed oval shape
and exhibit a very slight gloss. They are creamy white, very
densely speckled and mottled with bright chestnut and lilac. They
measure from -67 to '7 in length, and from -51 to -55 in breadth.

.3. Kuatun, N.W. Fohkien, China, C. B. Ptickett, Esq. [P.]. -^ -

24th April (J. D. La louche).
3. Kuatun {J. D, La T.). C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

PAEDALIPARUS. PARUS. 307

Genus PARDALIPARUS, Selys-Longch.

Pardaliparns venustulus (Swinhoe).

(Plate Xiy. fig. 4.)

Parus venustulus, Oadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 23 (1883) • La

Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 401.
Pardaliparus venustulus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 328 (1903).

The eggs of the White-naped Titmouse are of a blunt oval form
and without gloss. They are white, rather thickly speckled all over
with chestnut and underlying lilac. Three examples measure
respectively : 'Qb by '5 ; 'QQ by b ; -67 by -49.

3. Kuatun, N.W. Fohkien, China, C. B. Eickett, Esq. [P.].
1st June {J. D. La Touche).

Genus PARUS, Linn.

Parus minor, Temm. Sf Schl.

Parus minor, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 15 (1883) ; Oates, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 48 (1889) ; Tanz. Fanne Orn. SiUr. Orient,
p. 428 (1891); La Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 401; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 66 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 328 (1903).

The eggs of the Japanese Grey Titmouse are inseparable from
those of P. cinereus described below.

2. Kuatun, N.W. Fohkien, China, C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.l.

21st April (J. D. La Touche).

4. Kuatun, 28th June {J. D. La T). C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].

1. A.moj,Gh.mdi {R. Swinhoe: Tris- Crowley Bequest.

tram Coll.).

2. Amur-land, 18th June {Tancri). Crowley Bequest.

Parus major, Linn.

Parus major, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 146, tab. xxviii. fig. 2, a, b
(1845-54) : Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fig. 9 (1855-63)
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 149, pi. xxxix, fig. i (1856)
Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 79 (1871) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 28
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 463, pi. 9 (1883); Gadow, Cat. Birds
B. M. viii. p. 19 (1883) ; Seehohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 210, pi. 53.
fig. 13 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 328 (1903)..

The eggs of the Great Titmouse are of a broad oval shape and
possess a slight amount of gloss. They are white, marked with
specks, spots, and small blotches of two shades of chestnut. In
many specimens the markings are evenly distributed over the shell ;
in others they are more dense at the large end, where they are
often confluent and form a rough zone or cap. A few examples are
80 feebly marked that they appear, at first sight, to be plain white.
They measure from '65 to '8 in length, and from -5 to '55 in
breadth.

x2

30S

PARID.T5.

8.

10.
6.

2.
f).

ll'.

8.
11.
7.
6.
9.

8.

England.

Yorkshire {Harc/itt Coll.).

Isorfolk, 11th May {F. Norgate).

Norfolk, 17th May {F. N.).

Norfolk, 3rd Jime"'(i': N.).

Norfolk, 6th June {F. N.).

Cambridgeshire.

Cookham, Berkshire, May.

Wickham, Hants ( W. Farren),
21st May.

Alton, Hants, June.

Alton, June.

Finchlev, Middlesex (O. Salvin).

Clay, Hythe, Kent, 16th May
(0. S.).

Churt, Surrey.

Tilford, Surrey.

Elbeuf, France {Novry : Haryitt
Coll.).

Elbeuf {No7(ry : Hargitt Coll.).

Malaga, Spain, 29th April {H.
Saunders).

Malaga, 10th June {H. S.).

Valkenswaard, Holland, 21st May.

Valkenswaard, 23rd May

Pomerania, lith May {T. Hol-
land).

Pomerania, 11th May {T. H.).

Pomerania, 12th May {T. H.).

Pomerania, 16th May {T. H.).

Pomerania, 28th :^^ay (T. H.).

Parnassus, Greece, 2nd June
( T. Krilper).

Smyrna, 20th May {T. K.).

Old Collection,
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman ColL

Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Par us cinereiis, VieiU.

Parus atriceps, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 557 (1879) ; Oates, Fauna Brit.

Ind., Birds, i. p. 46 (1889) ; Oafes ed. Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind.

Birds., i. p. 31 (1889) ; Betham, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Sac. xii.

p. 779 (1899).
Parus cinereus, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 16 (1883); Dresser,

Birds Eur. ix. {Sup2>l.) p. 115 (1895) ; S'harpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 329

(1903).

The eggs of the Indian Grey Titmouse are mostly of a regular
oyal form. Some have a slight gloss ; the majority are entirely with-
out gloss. They are white, rather boldly spotted and blotched with
chestnut. The markings are far more dense and frequent at the
larger end than elsewhere, and form at that part an ill-defined cap
or zone of confluent blotches. The eggs vary much in size, the
smallest example in the Collection measuring -6 by '48, and the
largest '78 by •57.

1. Kashmir (C. 11. Cock: Tristram Crowley Bequest. - '.

(oil).
4. Xilirhlri Hills. Hume Cnll.

rARUS.

309

5. Nilghiii Hills, 9tk Feb.

3. Nilghiri Hills, April.

4. Nilghiri Hills, 10 th April.
1. Nilghiri Hills, 4th June.

3. Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 17th
Jan. (Miss Cockburn).

1. Kotagherry, 17th Feb. {Miss
Cockburn).

3. Kotagherry, 6th March (Miss
Cockburn).

1. Kotagherry, 8th April [Miss

Cockburn).

2. Curzon, Nilghiri Hills, 8th May.

2. Ooonoor, Nilghiri Hills.

3. Coonoor, 12th May.

1. Ootacamund, Nilghiri Hills, 4th

April.

2. Ceylon, May (A. L. Butler).

6. Foochow, China, 30th March.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Hume ColL

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.

Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.

Crowley Bequest.

C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.J.

Parus bokhariensis, Licht.

Parus boccharensis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 16 (1883).
Parus bokharensis. Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 119 (189o).
Parus bokhariensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 329 (1903).

Two eggs of the Bokhara Grey Titmouse are of a rather long,
pointed oval form. The ground-colour is white, with light red and
lavender dots and spots scattered pretty thickly over the whole
shell. They measure respectively -71 by '5 and '74 by -51.

2. Kuldja, Turkestan {Nehrkorn Crowlev Bequest.

Coll.).

Parus monticola, Vigors.

(Plate XIV. fig. 3.)

Parus monticolus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 320 (1883).

Parus monticola, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds i. p. 49 (1889) ; id. ed.

Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 35 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 329 (1903).

The eggs of the Green-backed Titmouse are very similar to those
of the Indian Grey Titmouse. The markings, however, are of a
much richer colour, being of a deep reddish-brown or purplish-red.
Specimens measure from -64 to '75 in length, and from '5 to '54 in
breadth.

3. Himalayas.

1. Dharmsala, Himalayas, 28th April.

3. Simla, April.

1. Lebong, Sikhim, 14th July.

4. Mongphoo, Darjilino- [J. Gammie).

2. Mongphoo, 6th April {J. G.).
2. Mongphoo, 11th April {J, G.).

Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume ColL
Hume Coll. -

310 PARIDiB.

Genus PENTHERES, Cah.

Pentheres afer (Gmel.).

(Plate XIV. fig. 7.)
Parus afer, TMen. Fortpjianz. ges. Vdg. p. 146, tab. xviii. fig. 1, a, b

(1845-54) ; Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 329 (1875-84) ;

Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 39 (1883); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.

p. m (1899).
Pentheres afer, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 332 (1903).

The eggs of the ISouth-African Titmouse in the Collection are of
a very broad oval shape and without gloss. They are white, often
densely speckled and spotted all over with pale rufous and under-
lying lilac. They measure '75 by -57.

1. South Africa. _ E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

2. South Africa (B. L. L. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.

Coll).
2. Nels Poort, Cape Colony {T. At- Crowley Bequest.
7nore : Tristram Coll.).

Genus CYANISTES, Kaup.

Cyanistes caeruleus (Linn.).

Parus cseruleus, TMen. Fortpjianz. ges. Vdg. p. 147, tab. xviii." fig. 3, «,
b, c (1845-54) ; Ileivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. lol, pi. xxxix.
fig. ii (1866) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 131 (1871) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. viii. p. 12 (1883) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 468, pi. 9
(1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 210, pi. 53. figs. 14, 15 (1896).

Cyanistes cseruleus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vdg. tab. 43. fig. 11 (1855-63) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 333 (1903).

The eggs of the Blue Titmouse are of a broad pointed oval shape
and have little or no gloss. They are white, marked with light
chestnut-brown. In many specimens the markings consist entirely
of small specks and spots ; in others of specks, spots, and small
blotches. They are almost invariably more thickly disposed at
the broad end than elsewhere, and form an indistinct cap or zone.
They measure from '55 to -7 in length, and from '41 to "5 in
breadth.

5. England. Old Collection.

4. Yorkshire {Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

9. Norfolk, 11th May {F. Norgate). Seebohm CoU.

12. Norfolk, 20th May [F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

7. Norfolk, 22nd May {F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

11. Norfolk, 26th May {F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

7. Norfolk, 3rd June {F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

7. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

7. Haddenham, Cambridgeshire, Salvin-Godman Coll.
21st May {O. S.\.

4. Cookham, Berkshire, April. Gould Coll.

7. Epping Forest, 9th May. Salvin-Godman Coll. o. -

7. Churt, Surrey. Crowley Bequest.

9. Churt, May. Crowley Bequest.

CTANISTE8. 311

10. Elbeuf, France {Noury : Hargitt Seebohm Coll.

Coll.).

11. Pomerania, 10th May ( T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.

12. Pomerania, 13th May (T. ZT.). Seebohm Coll.
8. Pomerania, 15th May (T.^.). Seebohm Coll.

Cyanistes persicus (Blanf.).

Parus (Cyanistes) persicus, Blanf. Ibis, 1873, p. 89 ; id. Hast. Pers.

p. 230, pi. xvi. lig. 2 ^876).
Parus persicus, Gadoto, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 14 (1883).
Cyanistes persicus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 333 (1903).
Parus caeruleus persicus, Witherhy, Ibis, 1903, p. 530.

Two eggs of the Persian Blue Titmouse resemble those of
C. cceruhus.

2. Dasht-i-Arjan, S.W. Persia (6700 H. F. Witherhy, Esq. fP.!
ft.), 9th AprU.

Cyanistes ultramarinus {Bonap.).

Cyanistes ultramarinus, Baedeker, JSier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fig. 12

(1855-63) ; id. J.f. O. 1856, p. 33, tab. ii. fig. 14; Sharpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 334 (1903).
Parus ultramarinus, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 310.
Parus teneritfcB, Dresser, Birds Bur. iii, p. 139, part. (1871) ; Gadoio^

Cat. Birds B. M. viii. d. 14, part. (1883) ; Irhy, Orn. Str. Gibr.

2nd ed. p. 72 (1895) ; Nehrk. Kat. JBiersamml. p. 66 (1899).

Eggs of the Ultramarine Titmouse in the Collection are of a
regular oval form and devoid of gloss. One is white, marked equally
all over with species and spots of two shades of chestnut-brown,
while others are more heavily blotched towards the blunt end.
They measure '58 by -47.

1. Algeria (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman ColL

2. Morocco, 6th May. Crowley Beq[uest.

Cyanistes tenerifEae (Less.).
(Plate XIY. fig. 6.)

Parus teneriffae. Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 139, part. (1871), ix.

(Suppl.) p. 127 (1895) ; Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M.. viii. p. 14, part.

(1883) ; Reid, Ibis, 1887, p. 433.
Cyanistes teneriffae, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 334 (1903).

The eggs of the Canarian Blue Titmouse are of a pointed oval
form and devoid of gloss. They are white, speckled and spotted, more
thickly at the broad end than elsewhere, with chocolate-brown. In
some specimens the smaller half of the egg is almost unmarked.
Five specimens measure from '61 to '66 in length, and from '48 to
•5 in breadth.

5. Canary Islands. Capt. Savile G. Keid [P.].

6. Tenerife, March (R. Gomez). Crowley Bequest.
4. Tenerife. Crowley Bequest.

312

PABID^.

Cyanistes cyarnis (Pall.).
(Plate XIV. fig. 5.)

Parus cyanus, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 143 (1872) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds

B. M. viii. p. 10 (1883).
Cyanistes cvanus, Tacz. Faime Orn. Siher. Orient, p. 432 (1891) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l iv. p. 334 (1903).

Two eggs of the Azure Titmouse are like those of C. cceruleus,
but the one from the Altai Mountains has a peculiarly glossy
shell.

1. Dauria, Siberia {Dybowski). Crowley Bequest.

1. Altai Mountains. Crowley Bequest.

Genus JEGITHALISCUS, Cah.

JEgithaliscus erythrocephalus ( Vig.).

(Plate XIV. fig. 11.)

Acredula erythrocephala, Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 66 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 07 (1899).
-^githaliscus ervthrocephalus, Gates, Fauna Brit, Ind., Birds, i. p. 60

(1889) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests Sr Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 36 (1889) ;

Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 335 (1903).

The eggs of the Eed-headed Titmouse are of a blunt oval form
and with scarcely any gloss. The ground is pinkish or creamy white,
and the markings are almost entirely confined to a conspicuous and
well-defined zone round the larger end of the e^^. This zone is
composed of a multitude of minute purplish-red specks which are
confluent in the majority of specimens. A few minute specks of
the same colour are scattered over the remainder of the shell. The
eggs measure from '53 to '6 in length, and from '43 to '46 in
breadth.

4. Kotgarh, Hiviialayas. Hume CoU.

3. Simla [A. 0. H). Hume Coll.

2. Simla, April (A. 0. H). Hume CoU.
6. Simla, May (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.

Genus PSALTRIPARUS, Bonap.
Psaltriparus minimus (Townsend).

Psaltriparus minimus, var. minimus, Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N. Amer.

Birds, i. p. 109 (1874) ; Sharpe, Hand-L iv. p. 336 (1903).
Acredula minima, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 6Q (1883) ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 67 (^1899).

The egg of the Bush-Titmouse in the Collection is of a regular
oval shape, glossless and plain white. It measures 'biS by -42, -^ -

1. North America {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

SGITHALUS. 313

Genus -EGITHALUS, Herm,
JEgithalus caudatus {Linn.).

Parus caudatus, '^hien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 153, tab. xviii. fig. 11,

a-d (1845-54).
Mecistura caudata, Baedeker^ Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fiff. 19 (1855-63).
Acredula caudata, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 67 (1872) j Gadow. Cat,

Birds B. M. viii. p. 69 (1883).
^githalus caudatus, Sliarpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 337 (1903).

The eggs of the Long-tailed Titmouse are of a pointed oval
form and have a small amount of gloss. They are of two types
of coloration, both apparently equally common. In the first type
the e^^ is plain white ; in the second it is white or pinkish white,
speckled and freckled with two shades of pale chestnut or rufous
and some faint lavender. The markings are usually denser at the
broad end than elsewhere, and sometimes form an indistinct zone or
cap at that part. Specimens measure from "51 to '57 in length,
and from -39 to -43 in breadth.

1. Sundal Valley, N. Norway, 20th Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.J.

June {R. B. S.).
8. Stolp, Pomerania, 16th May Seebohm Coll.

{T. Holland).
11. Stolp, 16th May (r. £.). , Seebohm Coll.

iEgithalus roseus {Blyth).

Parus caudatus, apud Rewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 158, pi. xl.

%. ii (1856J.
Acredula rosea, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 62 (1873) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds

B. M. viii. p. 61 (1883) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 486, pi. 9 (1883) ;

id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 214, pi. 53. fig. 19 (1896).
JEgithalus roseus, Sharpe, Jtland-l. iv. p. 337 (1903).

The eggs of the British Long-tailed Titmouse are very numerously
represented in the Collection. They vary in shape from a long
pointed, to a short broad, oval form, and, as a rule, they possess a
small amount of gloss. Like the eggs of ^. caudatus they are of two
types of coloration : plain white, and white speckled with rufous
and pale purple. The two types, judging from the series in the
Collection, are of about equal occurrence. The markings on some
examples are very faint and indistinct, but they impart a rosy tinge
to the shell. Specimens measure from 'Q2 to "62 in length, and
from -4 to -48 in breadth.

6. Dochfour, Inverness. Seebohm Coll.

8. Port Clair, Inverness {Hargitt Coll), Seebohm Coll.

9. Fort Augustus, Inverness {Rargitt Seebohm Coll.

Coll.).

8. Knockie, Inverness {Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.

9. Co. VVaterford, 20th April (ij. /. Seebohm Coll. j^

Ussher),

314

PARIDiE.

8. Co. Waterford, 12th May Seebolim Coll.
{B. J. U.).

3. Sparham, Norfolk, 7th May Seebohm Coll.

{F. Noff/afe).

4. Sparham, 7th May (F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

8. Sparham, 13th May {F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

9. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

6. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

7. Loughton, Essex. Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Billericay, Essex, G. Scholaing, Esq. [P.l

8. Drinkstone Park, Suffolk. T. H. Powell, Esq. [P?].
8. Valkenswaard, Holland, 28th May Seebohm Coll.

{H. Seebohm).

JEgithalus irbyi (Sharpe ^ Dresser).

Acredula caudata, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 207.

Acredula irbii. Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 73 (1872) ; Bree, Birds Eur.

2nd ed. iii. p. 83, pi. (1876) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii.

p. 63 (1883) ; Whitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 35 ; Irby, Orn. Str. Gibr. 2nd

ed. p. 71 (1895).
^githalus irbyi, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 337 (1903).

The eggs of Irby's Long-tailed Titmouse do not differ in any
respect from those of JE. roseus.

3. Gibraltar [H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

2. Corsica. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].

4. Porto Vecchio, Corsica, 20th April Seebohm Coll.

{J. Whitehead).

JEgithalas tephronotus (Gwither).

Acredula tephronota, Ehces ^ Buckley, Ibis, 1870, p. 199; Dresser j
Birds Bur. iii. p. 75 (1872) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 64
^1883).

^githalus tephronotus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 338 (1903).

The eggs of the Turkish Long-tailed Titmouse in the Collection
are broad ovals, without gloss, white, with a few very minute
specks of extremely pale rufous at the larger end. They measure
respectively : '54 by -42 ; 'oo by '5 ; -54 by •43.

3. Turkey {T. Robson). Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].

Genus REMIZA, Siejn.
Remiza pendulina {Linn.).

Parus pendulinus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 56, tab. xviii. fig. 13, '
a, b (1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 70, pi. (1875).

^githalus penduHnus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fig. 20
(1855-63) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 159 (1876) ; Gadoto^ Cat.
Birds B. M. viii. p. 67 (1883).

Remiza pendulina, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 339 (1903).

ANTHOSCOPUS. AUKIPAKTJS. 315

The eggs of the Penduline Titmouse are of an elongated oval
form, without gloss and plain white. Three examples measure
respectively : -64 by -41 ; -63 by -44 ; -6 by -44.

1. South France {Dr. Companyon). Seebohm Coll.

2. Parnassus, Greece, 8th May JSeebohm Coll.

{H. Seebohm).

Genus ANTHOSCOPUS, Boie.
Anthoscopus minutus {Lath.).

Anthoscopus capensis, Sharpe, ed. LayardJs Birds S. Africa, p. 327

(1875-84).
^githalus capensis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 70 (1883) ;

Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 67 (1899).
Anthoscopus minutus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 340 (1903).

The eggs of the Cape Penduline Titmouse are of a very narrow
and elongated oval form, devoid of gloss and plain white. Three
examples measure respectively : -56 by '38 ; 'b2 by -36 ; -58
by -38.

3. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].

Genus AURIPARUS, Baird.

Auriparus flaviceps (Sundev.).

(Plate XIY. fig. 8.)

Auriparus flaviceps, Baird, Brewer 8r Bidgiv. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 112

(1874) ; Coues, Birds Colorado Vail. p. 129 (1878) ; Salv. ^ Godm.

Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 59 (1880) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 341

(1903).
^githalus flaviceps, Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 72 (1883) j

Nehrk. Kat. Hiersamml. p. 67 (1899).

The eggs of the Yerdin or Yellow-headed Bush-Titmouse are of a
broad oval form and without gloss. They are pale blue, speckled with
rufous brown. The markings are sometimes very dense at the larger
end, where they become confluent and form a well-defined cap.
In one example, however, the specks are very evenly distributed
over the entire shell, and in another they are very sparse over the
smaller half. Two examples measure respectively : -6 by '46 ;
•58 by -44.

1. California {Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

1. Cape St. Lucas, California, May Salvin-Godman Coll.

{J. Xantus).

3. Cape St. Lucas, 4th April {J. X). Salvin-Godman Coll.

316

PAlilDJ^.

Genus APHELOCEPHALA, Oherh.
Aphelocephala leucopsis {Gould).

Xerophila leucopsis, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 382 (1865) ;
Jlamsay,P.L.S.N.S.W.\n. p. 407, pi. 3. fig. 7 (1882); Gadoiv,
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 73 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 150, pi. ix. fig-. 14 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 68
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 287, pi. 11
(1901).

Aphelocephala leucopsis, Sharpe, Iland-l. iv. p. 342 (1903).

The eggs of the White-faced Titmouse are of a pointed, but
broad, oval form, and have a fair amount of gloss. They are
described by Ramsay as being " of a dull white thickly spotted
and freckled all over with reddish-brown, dull chocolate-brown, or
dark wood-brown ; in some specimens the whole of the ground-
colour is obscured by reddish-brown freckles, others have a zone of
confluent spots of dark blackish-brown on the larger end and only a
few dots or freckles on the remaining portion ; average length '7
by '53 inch." Two examples in the Collection measure '79
by -58.

4. Australia. Purchased.

Genus SPHENOSTOMA, Gould.

Sphenostoma cristatum, Gould.

Sphenostoma cristatum, Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 316 (1865) ;
Gadoto, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 74 (1683); North, Nests ^ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 71, pi. viii. fig. 5 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 68 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 269, pi. 11
(1901) ; Shar2}e, Hand-l. iv. p. 342 (1903j.

The eggs of the Crested Wedge-bill are of an ordinary oval form
and possess a considerable amount of gloss. They are blue,
sparingly speckled and spotted with black and neutral tint. The
markings are small and distinctly defined, and more frequent at the
larger end than elsewhere. They resemble very closely the eggs of
the common Song-Thrush. Six examples measure from '92 to 1 in
length, and from '67 to '75 in breadth.

2. Australia. Purchased.

2. N.W. Australia. Gould Coll.

2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.

CHAMiEID^. — REQCLlDiE. 317

Family CHAM^ID^.

Genus CHAMPA, Gambel.

Chamsea fasciata {Gambel).

Chamjea fasciata, Baird, Breiver 8f Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 84
(1874) ; Coues, Birds Color. Valley, p. 108 (1878) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. Vn. p. 311 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat.Eiersamml. p. 57 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 343 (1903).

Eggs of the Wren-Tit are of a pointed oval form and of a pale
spotless greenish-blue colour, rather dull in appearance. The three
specimens in the Collection measure -72 by -55 ; -76 by '06 ; and
•76 by -60, respectively.

2. Cahfoniia, {R. Ridgway : Tris- Crowley Bequest.

train Coll.).
1. California, April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq. [P.].

Family REGULID^.
Genus EEGULUS, Koch.
Regnlus regulus (Linn.).

Regulus flavicapillus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Voy. tab. xix. fig. 7, a-c

(1845-54).
Kegulus crococephalus, Baedeker j Fier Eur. Voy. tab. 51. fig. 1

(1855-03).
Regulus auricapillus, Hewitson, Eyys of Brit. Birds, i. p. 146, pi.

xxxviii. tigs, i & ii (1856).
Regulus cristatus, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 453 (1874) ; Seehohtn, Brit.

Birds, i. p. 453, pi. 11 (1883) ; Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 80

(1883) ; Seebohm, Eyys of Brit. Birds, p. 208, pi. 53. fig. 10 (1896).
Regulus regulus, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 343 (1903).

The eggs of the Goldcrest, or Golden- crested Wren, are of an
ordinary oval shape and exhibit very little gloss. The majority of
the eggs of this species are dull white, densely mottled, generally on
the larger half, in the form of a broad zone or large cap, with pale
brown and lavender intermingled. Some specimens, however, are
almost plain white ; others are of a pale cream-colour, very faintly
mottled all over with the very palest brown, but less densely on the
smaller half than on the larger. Specimens measure from '52 to '6
in length, and from -4 to '44 in breadth.

9. Co. Waterford, 24th April Seebohm Coll.

[R. J. Ussher).
11. Co. Waterford, May {R. J. U.). Seebohm Coll.

9. Co. Waterford, 5th May Seebohui Coll.

{R. J. TL).

318 REGULID^.

9. Co. Waterford, 9tli May Seebohm Coll.

{R. J. U.).

8. Co. Waterford, 22nd Maj Seebohm Coll.

(H. J. U.).

9. Co. Waterford, 23rd May Seebohm Coll.

{R. J. U.).

8. Co. Waterford, June [R. J. U.). Seebohm Coll.

5. Brancepeth, Durham ( Tristra^n Crowley Bequest.

Coll.).

9. Dochfour, Inverness, 2nd June Seebohm Coll.

{Hargitt Coll.).

8. Norfolk, 2otli May {F. Norgate). Seebohm Coll.

5. Cambridgeshire. F. Bond, Esq. [P.].

2. Bristol, 6th Aug. G. C. Norman, Esq. [P.

5. New Forest [H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.

7. New Forest (If. >S.). Seebohm Coll.

7. Alton, Hants. Crowley Bequest.

4. Ilampstead, London (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll.

2. Loughton, Essex (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

9. Churt, Surrey. Crowley Bequest.

10. Tilford, Surrey. Crowley Bequest.

11. Tilford. Crowley Bequest.
7. Tilford. Crowley Bequest.
9. Altenhirchen, Prussia, 9th June Seebohm Coll.

{Sachse).

Regnlus tenerififse, Seehohm.
(Plate Xiy. fig. 10.)

Eegulus teneriffse, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 4-59 (1883) : Sharpe,

Hatid-l.'iY. -p. 3U{}903).
Regulus satelles, Koenig, J. f. O. 1890, p. 279, taf . viii. fig. 9 ; Nehrk.

Kat. Eiersamml. p. 68 (1899).

The eggs of the Tenerife Goldcrest do not appear to differ from
those of ii'. regulus, either in size or coloration.

7. Tenerife, 27th May. Crowley Bequest.

Regulus ignicapillus (Brehm).

Regulus ignicapillus, Thien. Fo7'tpftanz. ges. Vog. tab. xix. fig. 6, a, b
(1845-64) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 148, pi. xxxviii.
fia*. iii (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 459 (1874) ; Seehohm, Brit.
Birds, i. p. 458, pi. 11 (1883) ; Gadoiu, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 83
(1883) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 209, pi. 53. fig. 11 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 344 (1903).^_

Regulus pyrocephalus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 61. fig. 2
(1865-63).

The eggs of the Fire-crested Wren are of quite the same
character as those of R. regulus, but the ground-colour is tinged
with pink, and the markings are of a pale lilac-red colour, mingled
with lavender or pale brown. There is no appreciable difFerence'in
the size of the eggs of the two species.

KEQULUS. 319

3. Germany (Tm^mm Co//.). Crowley Bequest.
10. Wiederstein, Prussia, 11th May Seebohm Coll.

(Sachse).

4. Altenldrchen, Prussia, 11th May Seebohm Coll.

{Sachse).

8. Altenkirchen, 22nd May (Snc/ise). Seebohm Coll.

8. Altenkirchen, 22nd May (Sachse). Seebohm Coll.

8. Altenkirchen, 14th May (J^'achse). Crowley Bequest.

4. Altenkirchen, 26th May (Sachse). Crowley Bequest.

7. Coblentz {H. E. Dresser). Salvin-Godman Coll.

7. Coblentz, 10th May {H. E. D.). Salvin-Godman Coll.

10. Hesse, 13th June. Crowley Bequest.

Reg^lus maderensis, Vernon Harcourt,

(Plate XIY. figs. 9 & 12.)

Regulus maderensis, Dresser, Birds Eur. ii. p. 46o (1874) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. viii. p. 84 (1883) 5 Koenig, J.f. O. 1890, p. 278,
taf. viii. fig. 8 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 344 (1903).

Four eggs of the Madeiran Goldcrest in the Collection difiPer from
those of R. regulus and R. ic/uicapillus in being densely marked
with specks, spots, and small blotches of lilac-red and lavender. The
markings are most dense on the broad half of the egg. Four
examples measure respectively: '55 by '43; '57 by -43; -55 by
•42 ; -57 by -45.

4. Raba9al, Madeira, June. C. J. Cossart, Esq. [P.l.

Regulus calendula (Linn.).

Regulus calendula, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 75
(1874) ; Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 85 (1883) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 68 (1899) j Sharpe, Hand-l. B. iv. p. 344 (1903).

The eggs of the Ruby-crowned Kinglet in the CoUection appear
to have become discoloured by damp, probably soon after they were
taken from the nest, or they may have been addled. Herr Nehrkorn
states that the eggs of this species resemble those of R. ignicaj^illus.
Six examples measure on the average -55 by '45.

6. Nova Scotia, 9th June (Field Coll.). Crowley Bequest.

320 SITTID^.

Family SITTIDiE.

Genus SITTA, Linn.

Sitta csesia, Meyer Sf Wolf.

Sitta eiiropea, Thien. Fortpfonz. ges. Vog. tab. xyii. iig. IQ, a, b (1845-
54) ; Ileivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds,'i. p. 247, pi. lyii. fi^. iv (1856).

Sitta ceesia, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fip:. 6 (1855-03) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. iii. p. 175 (1873) ; Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. yiii. p. 347
(1883) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i. p. 523, pi. 12 (1883) ; id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 219, pi. 54. figs. 7 & 8 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv,
p. 347 (1903).

The eggs of the Common Nuthatch are mostly of a narrow and
pointed oval shape, and slightly glossy. They are white, marked
with reddish brown and lilac or lavender. On many specimens the
markings consist chiefly of small blotches, either evenly distributed
over the entire shell, or forming a cap at the broader end. Some
examples are evenly speckled all over, and others are unmarked,
except at the broad end, where a small and well-defined cap of
two or three shades of red mixed up together is formed. Examples
measure from -68 to -83 in length, and from '5 to -6 in breadth.

6.

Sparham, Norfolk, 24th April
{F. Nor gate).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Sparham, 30th May {F. N.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Middlesex.

Salvin-Godman Coll.

4.

Epping Forest (0. Salvin).

Salvin-Godman Coll,

4.

Finchley {0. S.).

Salvin-Godman Coll.

o

Hampstead (0. ^S*.).

Salvin-Godman ColL

z.

Devonshire.

Montaffu Museum.

6.

Elbeuf, France {Noury : Hargitt
ColO.

Seebohm Coll.

3.

VosgesMts., France {Movgel : Har-
gitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

4.

Vosges Mts. {Mougel: Hargitt Coll.).

Seebohm Coll.

5.

Copenhagen, 24th April.

Seebohm Coll.

/•

Pomerania, 27lh April (T. Hol-

land).
Pomerania, 7th May {T. H.).

Seebohm Coll.

7.

Seebohm Coll.

8.

Pomerania, 18th May {T. H).

Seebohm Coll.

8.

Pomerania, 20th May {T. H.).

Seebohm Coll.

3.

S.W. Russia, 11th April {GoebeV).

Seebohm Coll.

Sitta neumayeri, Michah.

Sitta syriaca, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xvii. fig. 15, a, b (1845-
54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fig. 8 (1855-63) ; Bree,
Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 52, pi. (1875); Danford, Ibis, .IS7 8,
p. 10.

321

Sitta neuniayeri, Sharpe ^' Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 18-3 (1872) ; Gadow^
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 315 (1883) : Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 347
(1903).

The eggs of tlie Western Rock-Nuthatch are of a pointed oval
shape and very glossy. They are white, marked with pale reddish
brown and lilac. At one end of the series will be found eggs which
are marked with blotches and spots, chiefly on the broader half ;
and at the other end eggs which are marked with only a few
specks, or are altogether plain and unmarked. In a few specimens,
the blotches form an ill-defined cap at the broad end of the egg,
but, as a rule, they are distinct and separate from each other.
Examples measure from '73 to '92 in length, and from 'oo to Qb in
breadth.

South Europe.

Macedonia, 9th April {T. Kriiper).

Delphi, Greece, oth May (//.

iSeehohm ^ T. Kriiper).
Parnassus, Greece, 12th May

{S.^K),^
Smyrna, April {T. Kriiper).
Smyrna, oth April (7*. A'.)-
SmVrna, 11th April {T. K).
Smyrna, 12th April (T. K).
Smyrna, 13th April (T. K).
Smyrna, 14th April (T. K).
Smyrna, 26th April ( T. K).
Smyrna, 8th May {T. K).
Smyrna, 9th May {T. K),
Smyrna, June {T. K.).
Taurus, Asia Minor, 24th April

(C. G. Danford).

Thienemann Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Soebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.

Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll,

Sitta tephronota, Sharpe.

Sltta neuniayeri, Barnes, Stray Feath. ix. pp. 216, 453 (1880).

Sitta syriaca^ (nee Michah), Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 346 (1883).

Sitta tephronota, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 305 (1889) ; id,

ed. Hume, Ne.«ts 8c Bqgs Ind. Birds, i. p. 195 (1889) ; SharjiCy

Hand'l. iv. p. 347 (1903).

The eggs of the Eastern Rock-I^uthatch are larger than those of
S. neuniayeri^ but otherwise resemble them very closely. They
measure from "78 to -9 in length, and from -62 to -67 in breadth.

Chaman,
{H.E.
Chaman,
Chaman,
Chaman,
Chaman,
Chamim,
Chaman,
Chaman,

VOL. IV.

Afghanistan, 8th April Hume Coll.
Barnes).

10th April (JET. E. B.). Hume Coll.

11th April {H. E. B.). Hume Coll.

15th April {H. E. B.). Hume Coll.

18th April (//. E. B.). Hume Coll.

20th April [H. E. B.). Hume Coll.

28th April {U. E. B.), Hume Coll.

1st May (//. E. B.), Hume Coll.

322 SITTIDJ3.

Sitta krueperi, Pelz.

Sitta krueperi, D?*<?ss<?r, Birds Eur. iii. p. ]89 (1872); Banford, Ihixj
1878, p. 10; Gadoic, Cat Birds B. M. viii. p. 350 (1883) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 75 (1809) ; Sharpe, Hand-l iv. p. 348 (1903).

The eggs of Kriiper's Nuthatch are of a broad pointed oval
shape and very slightly glossy. They are white, profusely speckled
and spotted with reddish-brown and lilac. The markings are
denser at the broad end than elsewhere, and generally form an ill-
defined cap at that part. Specimens measure from 'Q>2 to "7 in
length, and from -51 to -55 in breadth.

1. Smyrna, 18th April (T. Krilpcr). Seebohm Coll.

1. Smyrna, 4th June {T. K.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Taurus, Asia Minor, 17th April Seebohm Coll.

( C. G. Banford).

7. Taurus, 17th April (C. G. B.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Taurus, 17th April {C. G. B.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Taurus, 18th April (C. G. D.). SeebOhm Coll.

5. Taurus, 18th April (C. G. B.). Seebohm Coll.

6. Taurus, 18th April (C G. B.). Seebohm Coll.

Sitta whiteheadi, Sharpe.

(Plate XTY. fig. 15.)

Sitta whiteheadi, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1884, p. 233; Whitehead, lUs, 1885,
p. 28, pi. ii. ; Bresser, Birds Bur. ix. [Su])})!.) p. 133 (1895) ; Sharjje,
Hand-l. 'lY.^. 348 (1903).

The eggs of the Corsican Nuthatch are not distinguishable from
those of /S. hrueperi. Seven exam])]es measure from 'iSQ to "7 in
length, and from '49 to -52 in breadth.

3. Corsica. J. Whitehead Esq. [C.].

4. Corsica, 21st May (J". H7uVe//e«f/). Seebohui Coll.

Sitta castaneiventris, FranJd.

(Plate XIY. fig. 13.)

Sitta castaneiventris, Gadoiu, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 351 (1883) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 304 (1889) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests ^
Bggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 194 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. JEie?'samml. p. 75
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 348 (1903).

The eggs of the Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch resemble those of
S. krueperi, and require no separate description. They measure
from '05 to "7 in length, and from '5 to 55 in breadth.

3. SiUiimr, Oudh( CB. Cock). Hume Coll.

1. Sitapur, 19th March (C. B. C). Hume Coll.

1. Sitapur, 23rd ^Nlavch ( C. B. C). Hume Coll. > •. -

1. Sitapur, 24th March (C. i?. C). Hume Coll. ^' "^

2. Sitapur; L>5th March (C. B. C). Hume Coll.

SITTA. DENDROPHILl. 323

Sitta leucopsis, Gould.

(Plate XIV. fig. 14.)

Sitta leucopsis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 352 (1883); Oates^
Fauna Brit. Ind.^ Birds, i. p. 306 (1899) ; id. ed. Hume, Nests
8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i.p. 306 (1899) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 75
(1899); Sharpe, Rand-l. iv. p. 349 (1903).

The eggs of the White-cheeked Nuthatch do not appear to differ
in any manner from those of S. Icrueperi. Three examples
measure respectively : 'QQ by 'bb ; "67 by '53 ; '7 by '53.

3. Sonamaro;, Kashmir, 29th May Hume Coll.
{C.B. Cock).

Sitta pygmaBa, Vig.

(Plate XIV. fig. 16.)

Sitta pvgmnea, Baird, Brewer ^ Ridgw. N, Amer. Birds, i. p. 120
(1874); Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 355 (1883); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p, 75 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 350 (1903).

The egg of the Pigmy Nuthatch in the Collection is of a regular
oval shape and devoid of gloss. It is white, speckled very evenly all
over the shell with pale reddish-brown and lilac, and resembles
many of the eggs of S. Icrueperi. It measures -61 by -48.

1. British Columbia. J. K. Lord, Esq. [P.].

Genus DENDROPHILA, Swains.

Dendrophila frontalis, Swains.

(Plate XIV. fig. 18.)

Dendrophila frontalis, Leqqe, Birds Ceylon, p. 560 (1879) ; Sharpe,

Hand-l. iv. p. 351 (1903).
Sitta frontalis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 358 (1883) ; Oates,

Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 307 (1889) ; id. ed. HumCj Nests 4"

Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 196 (1889).

The eggs of the Velvet-fronted Blue Nuthatch are of a broad
oval shape and devoid of all gloss. They are white, rather coarsely
blotched, chiefly at the broad end, with reddish brown and lilac-red.
Pour examples measure respectively : "69 by -55 ; 'QQ by '51 ; '67
by '5 ; -67 by -5.

3. Sikhim Terai, 17th April. Hume Coll.

1. Kotapfherry, Nilghiri Hills, S. India, Hume Coll.
10th Feb. {Miss Cockhurn).

t2

324 sittid.t:. — cePvTiiiid-i:.

Genus NEOSITTA, Hellmayr.
Neositta chrysoptera {Lath.).

Sitlella chrysoptera, Govld, Handh. Birds Audr. i. p. 609 (1865) ; Gadoiv,
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 360 (1883) ; North, Nests ^ Eqqs Austr.
Birds, p. 240 (1889) ; NehrTc. Kat. Eiorsamml. p. 75 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 237, pi. 13 (1901).

Neositta chrysoptera, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 351 (1903).

The eggs of the Orange- winged Creeper are of an ordinary oval
form and slightly glossy. They are bluish-white, profusely marked
with spots and small blotches of dark slaty-brown and pale slaty-
grey. Three examples measure respectively; '68 by 51; '65 by
•51 ; 'QQ by -51.

3. New South Wales, Dec. Gould Cull.

{E. P. Bamsay).

Neositta pileata {Oould).
(Plate XIV. fig. 17.)

^\iic\]?i Y^e&t?i, Gould, Ha7idh. Birds Austr. i. p. 612 (1865); Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 362 (1883) ; North, Broc. Linn. Soc.
N.S. W. 2nd ser. ii. p. 409 (1887); id. Nests ^ Eggs Austr. Birds,
p. 242 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 340
(1901).

Neositta pileata, Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 362 (1903).

The eggs of the Black-capped Creeper resemble those of
N. chrysoptera, but are rather larger and more coarsely blotched.
They measure from 'SB to -71 in length, and from -52 to -55 in
breadth.

5. South Australia. Gould Coll.

Family CERTHIID.l^:.

Genus CERTHIA, Lhm.
Certhia familiaris, Linn.

Ceithia familiaris, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voq. tab. xvii. iig. 10, a-c
(] 845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fig. 2 (1855-63);
Jlewit^on, Eqgs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 243, pi, Ixii. fig. ii (1856) ;
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 208 : I>resser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 195 (1874) ;
Gado7v, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 323 (1883) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds,
i. p. 512, pi. 11 (1883) ; id. Egqs of Brit. Birds, p. 217, pi. 54. fig. 5
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 353 (1903).

Certhia brachyd.'ictyla, Baedeker, torn. cit. tab. 43. fig. 3.

Certhia costae, Baedeker, torn. cit. tab. 43. fig. 4.

The eggs of the Common Creeper are of a pointed oval shape and
slightly glossy. They are white or pale cream-colour, speckleS and
spotted with rusty reddish brown and underlying lavender. In

CERTHIA. SALPOENIS. 325

the majority of the eggs, the markings are dense at the broad end
and sparse elsewhere ; in some specimens they are pretty evenly
distributed over the entire surface of the shell. In some clutches,
the markings consist entirely of fine specks ; in others of coarse
spots, combined with specks. Specimens measure from -57 to •? ia
length, and from -43 to '5 in breadth.

5. Co. Waterford, 29th April {R. J. Seebohm Coll.

Ussher).

6. Dochfour, Inverness, 1st June Seebohm Coll,

{Hargitt Coll.).

2. England. Old Collection.

6. Sparham, Norfolk, loth May Seebohm Coll.

{F. Nor gate).

G. Sparham, 19th May {F. N.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Loudwater, Bucks^ Mav. Gould Coll.

4. Marlborough, Wilts, May (J. G. Seebohm Coll.

Millais: Ilargitt Coll.).

6. Finchley, Middlesex (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll.

5. Fiuchley {O. S.). ' Salvin God man Coll.
5. Vosges Mts., France {Mougel). Seebohm Coll.

5. Vosges Mts. {Mougel). Seebohm Coll.

2. Vosges Mts. (Mougel). Seebohm Coll.

3. South Spain, May (II. Saundei's). Seebohm Coll.
5. Copenhagen, 29th April. Seebohm Coll.

5. Pomerania, 2nd May ( T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.

6. Pomerania, 4th May (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Pomerania, 11th June (7'. ^.). Seebohm Coll.

4. Reval, Baltic Provinces, 24th May Seebohm Coll.

{Russoic).

Certhia hodgsoni, Brooks.

(Plate XIV. fig. 19.)

Certhia familiaris, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 323, part. (1883).
Certhia hodgsoni, Oates^ Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 329 (1889) ; id. ed.

Kume, Neds 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 220 (1889); ^harpe, Hand-l.

iv. p. 355 (1903).

The egg of Hodgson's Tree-Creeper in the Collection is of a blunt
oval shape and slightly glossy. It is white, densely mottled all
over with reddish brown and lavender. This specimen is easily
separable from the eggs of C. familiaris by reason of the density of
its markings. It measures '65 by '49.

1. Kashmir, 5th June ( W. E. Brooks). Hume Coll.

Genus SALPORNIS, Gratf.

Salpomis spilonotus, FranJcL

(Plate XIV. fig. 20.)

326 CEETHIID^.

An egg of the Spotted Grey Creeper in the Collection is of a hlunt
oval shape and moderately glossy. It is pale greenish grey,
speckled and spotted, chiefly on the broader half, with blackish
brown and lavender-grey. It measures '67 by 'o'2.

1. Ilattin, Gurgaon District, Punjab, Hume Coll.
1 0th April ( Cleveland) .

Genus TICHODROMA, Illiger.
Tichodroma muraria (Linn.).

Certhia muraria, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. tab. xvii. fig. 9 (1845-54).

Tichodroma muraria, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 43. fig. 5 (1855-03) ;
id. J.f. 0. 1856, p. 33, tab. i. fig. 11 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p 207
(1871); Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 46, pi. (1875); Seehohm^
Brit. Birds, i. p. 518, pi. 18 (1883) ; Gndoiu, Cat. Birds B. M. viii.
p. 331 (1883) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 218, pi. 54. tig. 6
(1896) ; Sharpe, Havd-l. iv. p. 356 (1903).

The eggs of the Wall-Creeper are of a pointed oval shape and
very glossy. They are white, marked, chiefly on the broad half
and very sparingly, with specks and small spots of reddish brown
and lilac-grey. They measure from '73 to ''62 in length, and from
51 to -61 in breadth.

3. Great St. Bernard, Switzerland. Seebohm Coll.

1. Mt. Cenis, Switzerland, 20th May. Seebohm Coll.
1. Mt. Cenis, 6th June. Seebohm Coll.

Genus CLIMACTERIS, Temm.

Climacteris scandens, Temm.

Climacteris scandens, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xvii. fig. 13
(1845-54) ; Gould, Handh. Birds Austr. i. p. 598 (1865) ; Gadoio,
Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 337 (1883); North, Nests 8c Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 237, pi. xii. fig. 7 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests 8c Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 334, pi. 13 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. iv. p. 357 (1903).

The eggs of the Australian Brown Creeper are of a very broad
oval form, approaching the spherical, and they exhibit a small
amount of gloss. They are pale pinkish buflf, profusely mottled and
blotched with rich purplish red and lavender. They measure from
•87 to -92 in length, and from '67 to -76 in breadth.

3. South Australia. Gould Coll.

1. South Austraha. Gould Coll.

1. Nairn, near Adelaide. E. S. Moulden, Esq. [P.J.

1. Uippsland; Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.C. [P.].

326 «

ADDENDA.

Add: — Page 36. Turdinus macrodactylus.
(Plate II. fig. 2.)

Add : — Page 142. Rhyacomis fuliginosa.
(Plate VII. fig. 20.)

Page 272, /or CRACTICUS read CKACTICUS, VieilL

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

abbotii (Turdinus), 35.
Abbottornis, 262.
aberrans (Cisticola), 191,
acaciae (Argya), 13.
acaciffi (Crateropus), 13.
acacias (Malacocercus

(Ohatan-baga)), 13.
Acanthiza, 229.
Acanthopneuste, 227.
Accentor, 131.
Acredula. 312.
Acrocephalus, 180.
Actinodura, 57.
Adelura, 150.
Adophoneus, 208.
Aedon, 144, 176.
aedon (Arundinax), 203.
aedon (Lusciniola), 2U3.
aedon (Troglodytes), 72.
aedon, var. parkmanni

(Troglodytes), 72.
Aedonops, 178.
^gitbaliscus, 313.
^-itbalus, 312.
aiinodiuui (Conostoma),

62.
aji-alatus (Ptererytbrius),

61.
ajralatus (Pterutbius), 61.
ffiralatus (Pterythius), 61.
»rilatus (Ptererytbius),

61.
afer (Parus), 310.
afer (Pentheres), 310.
affinis (Campy lorbyn-

ebus), 66.
affinis (Drymoeca), 242.
affinis (Dumeticola), 188.
affinis (Heleodytes), 66.
affinis (Oreopneuste),

224.
affinis (Pbylloscopus),

224.
affiais (Sylvia), 214.
africanus (Sphenceacus),

32.
agricola (Acroceplialus),

187. •

agricolus (Acrocepbalus),

187.
Agrobates, 176.
akabige (Eritbacus), 148.
albicans (Saxicola), 168.
albicincta(Merula), 96.
aibicoUis (Cinulus), 79.
albicollis (Merula), 105.
albicoUis (Saxicola), 167.
albicollis (Tardus), 105.
albi Irons (Ephtbiauura),

135.
albigulare (Malacopte-

rum), 38.
albigulai'is (Dumetia), 31.
albigularis (Garrulax),

21.
albigidaris (Ophrydor-

nis),3l.
albigidaris (Setaria), 38.
albispecularis(Gervaisia),

154.
albivontris (Artamus),

260.
albiventris (Bracbypte-

ryx), 53.
albiventris (Callene), 53.
albiventris (Pnoepyga),

78.
albiventris (Tardus), 106.
aibocincta (Merula), 96.
albogularis (Dumetia),

31.
albospecularis (Ger-

vaisia), 154.
albospecularis typicus

(Oopsycbus), 154.
albospecularis, var. pica

(Oopsycbus), 155.
Alcippe, 41,44.
algeriensis (Lanius),

277.
aliciae (Hylocicbla), 124.
alicise (Turdus), 124.
alpestris (Merula), 121.
alpestris (Poecile), 301,
alpestris (Turdus), 121.
alpinus (Accentor), 132.

altaicus (Accentor), 131.
altiloaua (Vireosylvia),

253'.
amaurocbalina (Merula),

106.
amoenus (Oopsycbus),

154.
ampelinus (Hypocolius),

269,
Ampelis, 256.
ampbileuca (Saxicola),

167.
anguitimens (Euroce-

pbalus), 266.
Anortbura, 74.
antbonyi (Lanius), 278.
Antboscopus, 315.
Anuropsis, 39.
aonalasbka; (Turdus),

126.
Apalis, 235.
Apbelocephala, 316.
apicalis (Acautbiza),

230.
aquatica (Oalamodyta),

180.
aquatica (Sylvia), 180.
aquaticus (Acrocepbalus) ,

180.
aquaticus (Oinclus). 79.
arbustorura (Oalamo-

berpe), 185,
arctica (Siaba), 176.
arenarius (Lanius), 290.
argentauris (Mesia), 62.
Argya, 10.
Arrenga, 52.
Artamus, 257.
arundinacea (Odlamo-

berpe), 185,
arundinacea (Salicaria)

182.
arundinacea (Sylvia),

185.
arundinaceus (Acro-
cepbalus), 182, 185.
Arundinax, 203,
asiaticus (Oinclus), 80.

328

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

assamensis (Drymocata-

phus), 38.
assiniili8(Stachyridopsis),

47.
aspiuiilis (Staohyris), 47.
asthenia (Cercomela),

164.
ater (Parus), 805.
ater (Peri parus), 305.
atrata (Pratincola), 162.
atrieapilla (Curruca),

215.
atrieapilla (Poecile), 303.
atrieapilla (Sylvia), 215.
atricapillus (Parus), 303.
atrieeps (Alcippe), 44.
atriceps (Parus), 308.
airiceps (E-bopociclila),

44.
atrigularis (Accentor),

134.
atrigularis (Morula), 118.
atrigularis (Orthotomus),

190.
atrigularis (Suva), 2-40.
atrigularis (Tharrhaleus),

134.
atrigularis (Turdus), 118.
atrisericea (Merula), 96.
atrococcineus (Laniarius),

292.
atrosericea (Merula), 96.
aurantia (Merula), 108.
auricapillus (Regulus),

317.
auriculatus (Lanius),

280.
aurifrcns (Ephthianura),

135.
Auriparus, 315.
aurita (Saxicola), 167.
aurorea (Ruticilla), 140.
auroreus (Phoenicurus),

140.
australis (Acrocepbalus),

183.
australis (Calamoherpe),

183.
australis (Eopsaltria),

299.
australis (Grallina), 263.
australis (Potamorbyn-

chus), 293.
australis (Telephonus)^

293.
azurea (Sialia), 175.

bacbatiri (Lanius"), 291.
badiceps (Brvmochsera),
36.

baeticatus (Acrocepbalus),

187. _
bakbakiri (Laniarius),

291.
Barita, 270.

beavani (Cisticola), 197.
beavani (Prinia), 197.
Bebrornis, 252.
belangeri (Garrulax), 20.
belli (Vireo), 255.
bendirei (Harporbyn-

cbus), 87.
bendirei (Toxostoma),

87.
bendirii (Harporhyn-

ehus), 87.
bengalensis (Malaco-

cercus), 27.
bengalensis (Timelia),

30.
bentet (Ceplialophoneus),

288.
bentet (Lanius), 288.
berlandieri (Tbryo-

thorus), 68.
bermudianus (Galeo-

scoptes), 85.
Bernieria, 34, 38.
bewickii (Tbryonianes),

69, 70.
bewickii (Thryotborus),

70.
bewickii, var. bewickii

(Tbryonianes), 69.
bewickii, yar. spilurus

(Thryotborus), 70.
biarraicus (Oalamo-

philos), 63.
biarmicus (Calamo-

philus), 63.
biarmicus (Panurus), 63.
biarmicus (Parus), Q3.
bicolor (Crateropus), 25.
bicolor (Pratincola), 162.
blanfordi (Pomatorhyn-

chus), 293.
blanfordi (Prinia), 243.
blanfordi (Telepbonus),

293.
blighi (Arrenga), 52.
blighi (Myiophoneus), 52.
boccharensis (Parus),

309.
bokharensis (Parus), 309.
bokhariensis (Parus), 309.
Bonibycilla, 256.
bonelli (Pbyllopneuste),

222.
bonellii (Phylloscopus),

222.
bonellii (Sylvia), 222.

borealis (Acartbo-

pneuste), 227.
borealis (Auorthura), 75.
borealis (Parus), 301.
borealis (Pbyllopneuste),

227.
borealis (Phylloscopus),

227.
borealis (Poecila), 301.
borealis (Pcecile). 301.
borealis (Troglodytes),

75.
borneensis (Pomato-

rhinus), 14.
borneensis (Stachyris),

47.
boulboul (Merula). 95.
boiirdilloni (Merula), 99.
brachydactyla (Certbia),

324.
bracbypterus (Brady-

pterus), 202.
Brachypteryx, 39, 53.
Bradypterus, 202.
britannicus (Parus), 305.
britannicus (Periparus),

305.
brownii (Malurus), 251.
brunnea (CoUuricincla),

267.
brunnea (Collyriocicbla),

267.
brunnea (Collyriocincla),

267.
brunuea (Larvivora), 150.
brunnea (Sericornis;,

233.
brunneicapillus (Campy-

lorhynchus), 66.
brunneiceps (Cisticola),

193.
brunneiceps (Salicaria),

193.
brunneicollis (Hemiura),

77.
brunneicollis (Troglo-
dytes), 77.
brunnescens (Cettia), 238.
brunnescens (Ilorornis),

238.
brunneus (Erithacus),

1.50.
brunneus (PyrrholEem us),

233.
bucephalus (Cephalo-

phoneus), 285.
bucephalus (Laniu;?), 285.
buchanani (Cisticola),

197. '-

buchanani (Franklinia),

197,

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

329

bulomachus (Suthora),

04.
bnrnesi (Laticilla), 198.
Eurnesia, 245.

cachinnans (Trochalo-

pterum), 8.
ca^rulatus (Dryonastes),

25.
Cfcrulecula (Cvanecula),

144.
cieruleculus (Erithacus),

143.
cJEi-uleicephala ( Aclelura),

150.
cwnileocephala (Adelura),

151.
creriileocephala (Ruti-

cilla), 1.50.
ctcrulescens (Melanotis),

90.
cajruleus (Cjanistes),

310.
coeruleus (Myiophoneiis),

62.
Cferiileus (Parus), 310.
caeruleus persicus (Parus),

311.
cassia (Sitta), 320.
caifra (Cossypha), 156.
Calamanthus, 27.
Calamocichla, 202.
Calamodyta, 178, 202.
Calamoherpe, 181.
Calamophilos, 63.
Calainophihis, 63.
calandria (Mimus), 83.
calendula (Regulus),

319.
calidria (Vireo), 253.
caligata (Acrocephalus),

208.
caligata (Hypolais), 208.
caligata (Id una), 208.
calipygus (Liothrix), 60.
Callene, 53.
Calliope, 149.
calliope (Calliope) 149.
calliope (Erithacus), 149.
canibaiensis (Thamno-

bia), 151.
campestris (Oalarnan-

thus), 28. ^
Campicola, 173.
Campylorhynchus, 65.
camtschatkensis (Cal-
liope), 148.
caniceps (Cephalopbo-

neus), 287.
caniceps (Larius), 287.

canorum (Trochalo-

pteruin), 9,
canorus (Orateropus),

26.
cantans (Cettia), 238.
cantans (Horornis), 2-38.
cantillans (Cinclorham-

phus), 28.
canturians (Arundinax),

238.
canturians (Calamo-
herpe), 238.
canturians (Horornis),

238.
canturians (Luscini-

opsis), 238.
canturiens (Cettia), 238.
capensis (^githalus),

315.
capensis (Anthoscopus),

315.
capistrata (Lioptila), 56.
capistrata (Malacias), 56.
capistratoides (Drymo-

cataphus), 37.
capistratus (Campylo-
rhynchus), 65.
capistratus (Drymocata-

phus), 36.
capistratus (Heleodytes),

65.
capitalis (Heiiiipus),

264.
cap rata (Pratincola), 161,

162.
carbonaria (Merula), 91.
cardis (Merula), 108.
cardis (Turdus), 108.
carolinaa (Brachypteryx),

55.
Carolina (Heteroxenicus),

55.
carolinensis (Ampelis),

257.
carolinensis (Galeo-

scoptes), 85.
carolinensis (Mimus),

85.
carolinensis (Parus),

303.
carolinensis (Poecile),

303.
cashmeriensis (Cinclus),

80.
cassicus (Cracticus), 272.
castanea (Merula), 121.
castaneiceps (Ixulus),

58.
castaneiceps (Minla), 4Q.
castaneiceps ( Pseudo-
mi nla), 46.

castaneiceps (Sittiparus),

46.
castaneiceps (Staphidia),

58.
castaneiventris (Sitta),

322.
ca.staneonotum (Cinclo-

soraa), 2.
castaneus (Turdus), 121,
castanotis (Cinclosoma),

2.
castanonotum (Cinclo-

soina), 2.
castanonotus (Eupetes),

2.
caterinae (Saxicola), 167.
Catharus, 173.
Catherpes, 77.
caudata (Acredula), 313.
caudata (Argya), 11.
caudata (Mecistura),

313.
caudatus (^githalus),

313.
caudatus (Fiscus), 283.
caudatus (Lanius), 283.
caudatus (Parus), 313.
cauta (Hylacola), 4.
cedrorum (Ampelis),

257.
celaenops (Merula), 101.
celasnops (Turdus), 101.
cephalomelas (Lanius),

289.
Cephalophoneus, 285.
Cercomela, 163.
Certhia, 324.
cetti (Cettia), 239.
Cettia, 237, 239.
cettii (Acrocephalus),

239.
cettii (Bradypterus),

239.
cettii (Calamodyta), 239.
cettii (Sylvia), 239.
chabert (Abbottornis),

262.
chabert (Leptopterus),

262.
Chffitornis, 202.
chalybeius (Crateropus),

12.
Chameea, 317.
cherina (Cisticola), 193.
chivi (Vireo), 254.
chloronotus (Orthoto-

mus), 191.
Chloropeta, 205.
Chlorophoneus, 291.
chlorura (Pachycephala),
296.

330

ALPHAIiDTICAL INDEX.

chrysjBa (Stachyrhis), 47.
chrysasa (Stachyridopsis),

47.
chrysaea (Stachyris), 47.
chrvsolaus (Merula),

no.

chrysolaus (Turdus),

119.
chiTsoptera (Neositfa),

324.
chrysoptera (Sittella),

324.
clirysopterum (TrocLalo-

pteron), 5.
clirysopterum (Troclialo-

pterum). 5.
chrysorrhoa (Acanthiza),

231.
chrysorrhoea (Geobasi-

leus), 231.
chrysorrhous (Geobasi-

leus), 231.
Chthonicola, 228.
Cichlherminia, 90.
Cicbloselys, 112.
Cinclorbampbus, 28.
cinclorbyncha (Monti-
cola), 130.
cinclorbyncha (Petro-

phila), 130.
Cmclosoma, 1, 2.
Cinclus, 79.
cinclus (Cinclus), 80.
cincta (Poecile), 302.
ciuctus (Parus), 302.
cinerea (Culluncincla),

266.
cinerea (Emarginata),

164.
cinerea (Myrmecocicbla),

164.
cinerea (Poliocicbla),

164.
cinerea (Saxicola), 164.
cinerea (Sylvia), 209.
cinerea, var. fuseipilea

(Sylvia), 210.
cinereiceps (Fulvetta),

45.
cinereiceps (lantbociu-

_ cla), 10.
cinereiceps (Proparus),

45.
cinereiceps (Trocbalo-

pteron), 10.
cinereum (Toxostoma),

86.
cinereus (Cracticus),

-74.
cinereus (Harporbyn-

cbus), 86.

cinereus (Parus), 308.

Cisticola, 191.

cisticola (Acrocepbalus),

191.
cisticola (Cisticola),

191.
cisticola (Sylvia), 191.
Cistotborus, 70.
citreigularis (Sericornis),

233.
citreogularis (Sericornis),

233.
citrina (Geocicbla), 111.
Cittocincla, 155.
Climacteris, 326.
coburni (Hylocicbla),

127.
Cocboa, 92.

collaris (Accentor), 132.
collaris (Fiscus), 282.
collaris (Lanius), 282.
CoUuricincla, 266.
Collurio, 278.
collurio (Enneoctonus),

283.
collurio (Lanius), 283.
collybita (Pbylloscopus),

222.
Collyrio, 278.
CoUyriocicbla, 266.
CoUj^riocincla, 206.
Coiiostoma, 62.
conspicillata (Stoparola),

215.
conspicillata (Sylvia),

215.
Copsycbus, 153.
coronata (Acantbo-

pneuste), 227.
coronata (Pbyllopneuste),

227.
coronatus (Acantbo-

pneuste), 227-
coronatus (Pbylloscopus),

227.
corypbsea (Aedon), 157.
corypbffius (Erytbro-

pygia), 157.
Corytbocicbla, 40.
Cossypba, 156.
costffi (Certbia), 324.
couesi (Campylorbyn-

cbus), 66.
couesi (Heleodvtes), 66.
Cracticus, 272."
Crateropus, 13, 25.
Crateroscelis, 39.
crepitans (Psopbodes), 4.
criniger (Suya), 240.
crinigera (Suya), 240.
crissale (Toxostoma), 89.

crissalis (Harporbyn-

cbus), 89.
cristata (Oreoica), 294.
cristata (Otomela), 290.
cristatum (Sphenostoma),

316.
cristatus (Lanius), 290.
cristatus (Lopbopbanes),

304.
cristatus (Parus), 304.
cristatus (Regulus), 317.
crococepbalus (Regulus),

317.
cruentatus boweri (Malu-

rus), 251.
cruentatus (Lauiarius),

292.
cruentatus (Malurus),

251.
cruentus (Laniarius),

292.
cruentus(Rhodopboneus),

292.
cruralis (Brachypteryx),

54.
cruralis (Cinclorbam-
pbus), 28.
cruralis (Dryniocbares),

54.
cruralis (Heteroxenicus),

54.
cucullatus (Telepbonus),

294.
Ciirruca, 211.
curruca (Sylvia), 213,

214.
CLirsitans (Cisticola),

191.
curvirostris (Cisticola),

195.
curvirostris (Drymoeca),

195.
curvirostris (Harporbyn-

cbus), 88.
curvirostris (Toxostoma),

88.
curvirostris (Vanga),

262.
curvirostris, var. palmeri

(Harporbyncbus), 88.
cyana (Petropbila), 129.
cyane (Larvivora), 149.
cyanea (Larvivora),

149.
cyanea (Petrocincla),

129.
Cyauocula, 143.
cyanecula (Cyariecula),

114.
cyaneculus (Erithacus),
144.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

331

cyaneus (Erithacus),

J 49.
cyaneus (Malurus), 248.
cyaneus (Turdus), 129.
Cyanistes, 310,
cvanonota (Geocichla),
*111.
cyanonotus (Geocichla),

111.
cyanuroptera (Siva), 58.
cyanus (Cyani.stes), 312.
cyanus (Monticola), 129.
cyanus (Petrocossyphus),

129.
cyanus (Parus), 312.
cyanus (Petrophila),

129.

Daulias, 146.

dauma (Geocichla), 113.

dauma (Oreocichla),

113.
dauma (Oreocincla),

113.
davidi (Pterorhinus), 4.
davisoni (Acantho-

pneuste), 228.
Dendrophila, 323.
deserti (Saxicola), 171.
destructor cinereus (Crac-

ticus), 274.
destructor (Cracticus),

273.
destructor (Vanga), 273.
diemenensis (Acanthiza),

230.
diphone (Cettia), 239.
diphone (Horornis),

239.
Diplootocus, 142.
domesticus (Troglodytes),

72.
dorsalis (Malurus), 251.
dresseri (Parus), 301.
dresseri (Poecile), 301.
DrOnrolaBa, 170.
Drymaoedus, 3.
Drymocataphus, 34, 30.
Drymochaera, 36.
Drymochares, 54.
Drymodes, 3.
Drymoeca, 194.
Drymoica, 236.
Dryodromas, 235.
Dryonastes, 23.
Dryoscopus, 292.
dubia (Minla), 45.
dubius (Schoeniparus),

45.
Dumetia, 31, 32.
Dumeticola, 188.

dumetorum (Acrocepha-
lus), 186.

earlei (Argya), 11.
eclipes (Argya), 11.
egertoni (Actinodura),

57.
elaeica (Chloropeta),

206.
elaica (Chloropeta), 207.
elaica (Hypolais), 206.
elaica (Sylvia), 206.
ellioti (Trochalopterura),

7.
elliotti CTrochalopteron),

7.
Ellisia, 198.
Emarginata, 164.
Enneoctonus, 279, 283.
Eopsaltria, 299.
Ephthianura,135.
Erithacus, 147.
Eroessa, 235.
Erythaca, 147.
erythraea (Saxicola), 172.
erythrocephala (Acre-

dula), 312.
erythrocephala (Cisti-

cola), 194.
erythrocephalum (Tro-

chalopterutn), 5.
erythrocephalus (-^gi-

thaliscus), 312.
erythrogaster(Monticola),

131.
ervthrogaster (Petro-
phila), 131.
erythrogastra (Petro-
phila), 131.
erythogenys (Poraato-

rhinus), 19.
erythronota (Euticilla),

141.
erythronotus (Cephalo-

phoneus), 286.
erythronotus (Lanius),

286.
erythronotus (Phcenicu-

rus), 141.
ervthropleurus (Merula),

'102.
erythropleurus (Turdus),

102.
erythroptcrus (Pterery-

thrius), 61.
erythropterus (Pteru-

"thius), 61.
erythropterus (Ptery-

thius), 61.
erythropterus (Tele-

phonus), 293, 294.

Erythropygia, 157.
Eupetes, 2.
Eurocephalus, 266.
europaeus (Troglodytes),

74.
europea (Sitta), 320.
eurymelaena (Saxicola),

171.
everetti (Staphidia), 58.
excubitor (Lanius), 275.
excubitorius (Fiseus),

283.
excubitorius (Lanius),

283.
excubitoroides (Lanius),

278.
exilis (Cisticola), 194.
extensicauda (Drymoeca),

244.
extensicauda (Priuia),

244.

fairbanki (Trochalo-
pterura), 8.
Falcunculus, 294.
falklandica (Merula),

10;'.
falklandicus (Turdus),

103.
fallax (Lanius). 275.
familiaris (Aedon), 177.
familiaris (Agrobates),

177.
familiaris (Certhia),

324.
familiaris (Saxicola),

165.
familiaris (Sylvia), 177.
fasciata (Champa), 317.
felivox (Turdus), 85.
ferrea (Oreicola), 163.
ferrugineus (Dryosco-
pus), 292.
ferrugineus (Laniarius),

292.
ferruginosus (Pomato-

rhinus), 17.
fervidus (Accentor), 134.
fervidus (Tharrhaleus),

134.
Ficedula, 205.
finschi (Saxicola), 172.
finschii (Saxicola), 172.
Fiseus, 282.
flavicans (Drymoeca),

241.
flavicans (Drymoica),

241.
flavicans (Prinia), 241.
flavicapillus (Regulus),

317.

332

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

flaviceps (^githalu8),

315.
flaviceps (Auriparus),

317.
flavicollis (Ixiilus), 60.
llaviFrons (Lanivireo),

254.
flavifrons (Vireo), 254.
flavigaster (Eopsaltria),

300.
flavigastra (Eopsaltria),

300.
flavipes (Merula), 91.
flavipes (Platycielila). 01.
flaviventris (Euriiesia),

245.
flaviventris (Eopsaltria),

300.
flaviventris (Prinia), 245.
flavolivacea (Cettia), 237.
flavolivacea (JSTeornis),

237.
flavo-olivacea (Neornis),

237.
flavovjridis (Vireo), 253.
fluviatilis (Aedonops),

178.
fluviatilis (Locustella),

178.
fluviatilis (Sylvia), 178.
fortipes (Cettia), 237,

238.
fortipes (Horornis), 237.
Franklinia, 196.
frantzii (Catharus), 174.
frontalis (Dendropbila),

323.
frontalis (Pboenicuras),

141.
frontalis (Euticilla), 141.
frontalis (Seric(-)rnis),

233.
frontalis (Sitta), 323.
fulicata (Tliamnobia),

152.
fuliginosa (llhyacornis),

142.
fuliginosa (Xantbopygia),

142.
fuliyinosus (Calaman-

thns), 27.
fuliginosus (Rbvacornis),

142.
fulva (Argya), 13.
fulvescens (Accentor).

134.
fulvescens (Tbarrbaleus),

131.
Fulvetta, 45.
fulvicapilla (Cisticola),

235.

fulvicapilla (Dryodro-

uias), 235.
fulvicapillus (Dryodro-

nias), 235.
fulvifrons (Oisticola),

195.
furaigata (Merula), 107.
funiigatus (Turdus), 107.
furvus (Troglodytes) 73.
fusca (Cercomela), 163.
fusca (Myrujecocicbla),

163.
fuscata (Cicblberminia),

90.
fuscata (Lusciniola), 225.
fuscata (Oreopneuete),

225.
fuscata (Pbyllopneuste),

225.
fuscatra (Merula), 110.
fuscatra (Seminierula),

110.
fuscatus (Margarops), 90.
fuscatus (Oreopneuste),

225.
fuscatus (Pbylloscopns),

225.
fuscescens (Hylocicbla),

124.
fuscescens (Turdus). 124.
fuscipilea (Sylvia), 210.
fuscus (Artamus), 258.

galactodes (Aedon), 176.
galactodes (AgrobaLes),

176.
galactodes (Sylvia), 176.
galactotes (Aedon), 176.
Galeoscoptes, 85.
galtoni (Saxicola), 165.
garrula (Bombycilla),

256.
Garrulax, 20.
Garrulus, 9.

garrulus (Ampelis), 256.
genibarbis (Tbryotborus),

69.
genibarbis (Troglodytes),

69.
Geobasileus, 231.
Geocicbla, 111, 113.
georgiana (Eopsaltria),

300.
Gervaisia, 154.
gigas (Merula), 110.
gigas (Seminierula), 110.
gigas (Turdus), 110.
gilvus (Miiuus), 84.
gilvus swainsoni (Vireo),

254.

gilvus, var. swainsoni

(Vireosylvia), 254.
gilvus (Vireo), 254.
gilvus (Vireosvlvia), 254.
glaucura (Pacbycepbala),

296.
golzii (Aedon), 146.
golzii (Daulias), 146.
golzii (Eritbacus), 146.
gouldi (Collyriocincla),

268.
gouldi (Malurus), 249.
gouldi (Pinarolestes),

268.
gracilis (Burnesia), 247.
gracilis (Cisticola), 196.
gracilis (Drvraoeca), 247.
gracilis (Franklinia),

196.
gracilis (Lioptila), 56.
gracilis (Malurus), 247.
gracilis (Mimus), 84.
gracilis (Prinia), 196.
Grallina, 263.
gra\nineu8 (Megalurus),

200.
graniineus (Sphenoeacus),

200.
Grararaatoptila, 23.
grayi (Merula), 104.
gray- (Turdus), 104.
grayii (Turdus), 104,
grenadensis (Tbryotbo-
rus), 69.
griseogularis (Eopsaltria),

300.
griseogularis (Pacby-
cepbala), 300.
griseus (CraterojDus), 27.
gularis (Argya), 13.
gulai'is (Garrulax), 22.
gularis (Mixornis), 49.
gularis (Paradoxornis),

64.
gularis (Scaeorbyncbus),

64.
gularis (Suthora), 64.
gularis (Tepbrodornis),

265.
guttata (Hylocichla),

126.
guttatus (Henicurus),

137.
guttatus (Turdus), 126.
gutturalis (Lauiarius),

291.
gutturalis (Oreoica), 294.
gutturalis(PacbyceiHDala),

296.
gutturalis (Pelicijjius),

201.

ALPHABETIfAL IXDF.X.

333

gjranophtbalmus (Me-

' nila), 105.
gyinnophthalmii3 (Tur-

dus), 105.
Gymnorhina, 270.

harmonica (Colluri-

cincla), 266.
Larmoiiica (Collyrio-

cic'hla), 266.
harmonica (Colly rio-

cincla), 266.
Ilarporhynchup, 86.
hartlaubi (Orateropus),

25.
Heleodytes, 65.
Hemipceryx, 193.
Heinipus, 263.
Hemiura, 77.
Henicorliiria, 78.
Henicurus, 136.
Heteroxenicus, 54.
hiemalis (Anorthura), 76.
himalayanus (Accentor),

131.
Hippolais, 204.
hirtensis (Anorthura), 75.
hirtensis (Troglodytes),

75.
liodgsoni (Certhia\ 325.
Ividgsoni (Prinia), 196.
Hodgsonius, 148.
hornensis (Troglodytes),

74.
Horornis, 237.
horsfieldi (Myiuphoneus),

52.
horsfieldi (Poniato-

rhinus), 15.
hortensis (Curruca), 211.
liortensis (Sylviaj. 211.
hueti (Alcippe). 43.
humei (Reguloides), 226.
humeralis (Fiscus), 282.
huiiieralis (Lanius). 28 '.
humii (Phylloscopus),

226.
humilis (Sericornis), 234.
hiittoni (Argya). 11.
hydrophiloa (Caiamo-

herpe), 185.
Eylacola, 4.
H]ylocichla, 123.
Hyloterpe, 299.
hvperleuca . (Gymno-

'ihina), 271.
hyperythra (Duinetia),

"32.
Hypocolius, 269.
llypolait?, 204.
hypolais (Hypolals), £04.

hypolais (Sylvia), 204.
hypoleueus (Artaiuus),

260.
hvpoleucus (Melanotis),

'90.
hypoleueus (Poinato-

rhinus), 18.

lanthia, 149.
lanthocincla, 6, 10.
ieterina (Hypolais), 204,
icterina (Sylvia), 204.
icterops (Sylvia), 210.
Iduna, 205.

ignicapillus (Regulus),
318.

ignobilis (Merula), 106.

ignobiiis (Turdus), 106.

ignotuin (Pellorneum),
34.

ignotus (Drymocata-
phus), 34.

iliaca (Hylocichla), 126.

iliacus (Turdus), 126.

immaculatus (Henicu-
rus), 136.

incertus (Eupetes), 3.

iudica (Pratincola), 160.

inornata (Acanthiza),
229.

inornata (Prinia), 242,
243, 244.

inornatus (Lophophanes),
305.

inornatus (Parus), 305.

inquieta (Scotocerca),
236.

intermedins (Troglo-
dytes), 73.

irbii (Aeredula), 314.

irbyi (^githalus), 314.

isabellina (Otoinela),
290.

isabellina (Saxicola), 168.

isabellinus (Lanius), 2'JO.

Ixulus, 58, 60.

jerdoni (Accentor), 134.
jerdoni (Drymceca), 244.
jerdoni (Tbarrhaleus),

134.
jerdoni (Timelia), 29.

kashmiriensis (Cinclus),

80.
khasiana (Suya), 241.
kinnisi (Merula), 100.
kinnisi (Turdus), 100.
krueperi (Sitta), 322.

lahtora (Lanius), 276.

lamberti (Malurus), 250.
Lamprolia, 55.
lanceolata (Locustella),

180.
languida (Hypolais),

206.
languida (Iduna). 206.
Laniarius, 291, 292.
Lanius, 274.
Lanivireo, 254.
lantzi (Ellisia), 199.
lantzi (Nesillas), 199.
lantzii (Ellisia), 199.
Larvivora, 149.
Laticilla, 198.
layardi (Merula), 109.
lecontei (Toxostoma),

89. _
leeontii (Harporhvn-

chus), 89.
lepida (Burnesia). 248.
lepida (Prinia), 248.
Leptopterus, 2()2.
leptorbyncha (Calamo-

cichla), 203.
leptorhynchus (Turdi-

nus), 203.
lescbenaulti (Henicur;is),

136.
leucauchen (Merula),

105.
leucauchen (Turdus),

105.
leucogaster (Artaraus),

257.
leucogaster (Cinclus),

80.
leucogaster (Falcuncu-

lus), 294.
leucogenys (Merula),

108.
leucolophus (GarruJax),

20.
leucomela (Saxicola),

170.
leucomelgena (Saxicola),

169.
leucomelas (Turdus),

106.
leuconota (Earita), 270.
leuconota (Gymnorhina),

270.
leucophrys (Aedon), 157,

158.
leucophrys (Erythro-

pygia), 157.
leucophrys (Hcnico-

rhina), 78.
leucopsis (Cepha'.o-

cephala), 316.
leucopsis (Sitta), 323.

334

ALPHABETICAL I^'DEX.

leucopsis (Xeropliila),

316.
leucopterus (Cracticus),

273.
leucopterus (Malurus),

250.
leucopygialis (Artamus),

257.
leucorliynchus (Arta-
mus), 257.
leucorbynus (Artamus),

257.
leucura (Dromolasa),

170.
leucura (Notodela),

151.
leucura (Saxicola), 170.
levaillantii (Drymoeca),

194.
libanotica (Saxicola),

172.
lineata (Aeanthiza),

231.
lineatum (Trochalopte-

rum), 9.
Lioptila, 56.
Liothrix, 60,
Locustella, 178.
locustella (Locustella),

179.
locustella (Salicaria),

179.
locustella (Sylvia), 179.
locustelloides (Chaitor-

nis), 202.
longicaudatus (Mimus),

82.
longicaudus (Malurus),

249.
longirostra (Toxostoma),

87.
longirostris (Harporhyn-

chus), 87.
longirostris (Sphenura),

252.
longirostris (Tbryophi-

lus), 67.
Lophophanes, 304.
lorise (Eupetes), 3.
ludoviciae (Merula), 100.
ludovicianus (CoUurio),

278.
ludovicianus (Collyrio),

278.
ludovicianus (Lanius),

278.
ludovicianus (Thryotbo-

vus), 68.
ludovicianus, var. berlan-

dieri (Thryotborus),

68.

ludovicianus, var. ex-
cubitoroides (Collurio),
278.

ludovicianus, var. ludo-
vicianus (Thryotbo-
rus), 68.

ludovicianus, var. mia-
mensis (Tbryothorus),
68.

lugens (Saxicola), 169.

lugubris (Cistieola), 195.

lugubris (Parus), 302.

lugubris (PcBcila), 302.

lugubris (Poecile), 302.

lunulata (Geocicbla),
114.

lunulata (Oreoeichla),
114.

lunulata (Oreocincla),
114.

luscinia (Aedon), 146.

luscinia (Daulias), 144.

luscinia (Eritbacus), 144.

luscinia (Pbilomela),
144.

luscinia (Sylvia), 144.

luscinioides (Locustella),
178.

luscinioides (Sylvia), 178.

Luseiniola, 178, 188, 189.

Lusciniopsis, 178.

luscinoides (Calamodyta),
178.

luscinoides (Salicaria),
178.

lutea (Liotbrix), 60.

luteus (Liotbrix), 61.

luzoniensis (Cittocincla),
156.

macclellandi (Poraato-

I'hinus), 19.
Macblolopbus, 306.
macrodactylus (Tur-

dinus), 36.
Macronus, 50.
macrura (Cittocincla),

155.
macrurus (Copsychus),

155.
macrr.rus (Megalurus),

201.
maculatus (Henicurus),

137.
maculicollis (Ortboto-

mus), 190.
maculicollis (Sutoria),

190.
maculirostris (Merula),

106.

maculirostris (Turdus),

106.
maculosa (Drymoeca),

242.
maculosa (Prinia), 242.
madagascariensis (Berni-

eria), 34.
madagascariensis (Cisti-
eola), 193.
madagascariensis (Neso-

bates), 39.
madagascariensis (Oxy-

labes), 39.
madagascariensis typica

(Ellisia), 198.
madagascariensis, var.

lantzii (Ellisia), 199.
maderensis (Regulus),

319.
magellanica (Merula),

103.
magellanicus (Troglo-
dytes), 74.
magellauicus (Turdus),

103.
magnirostris (Acro-

cepbalus), 183.
magnirostris (Sericornis),

234.
major (Parus), 307.
major (Pbilomela), 146.
malaccensis (Anuropsis),

39.
malaccensis (Bracby-

pteryx), 39.
malachurus (Stipiturus),

251.
Malacias, 56.
Malacoeereus, 13, 27.
Mulaconotus, 291.
Malacopterum, 38.
malacoptilus (Rimator),

41.
malacurus (Stipiturus),

251.
malcolmi (Argya), 13.
Malurus, 247, 248.
mandarina (Merula),

95.
mandarinus (Turdus),

95.
mandellii (Minla), 46.
mandellii (Pellorneum),

33.
mandellii (Scboeniparus),

46.
manilla (Petropbila),

130.
manillensis (Petrccti^sy-

pbus), 130.
Margarops, 90.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

335

marginata (Geocichla),

115.
marginata (Zoothera),

115.
niaura (Pratincola), 160.
Mecistura, 313.
Megalurus, 199.
megarhyncha (Aedon),

144.
melanocephala (Melizo-

philus), 217.
melanocephala (Pyro-

phthalma), 217.
melanocephala (Sylvia),

217.
melanocephalus (Malu-

rus), 260.
melanogaster (Cinclus),

80.
melanoleuca (Lioptila),

5(5.
melanoleuca (Malacias),

56.
melanoleuca (Saxicola),

171.
melanolophus (Lopho-

phanes), 306.
melanolophus (Parus),

306.
melanolophus (Peri-

parus), 306.
melanopogon (Acro-

cephalus), 189.
melanoiiogon (Luscini-

ola), l89.
melanops (Artamus),

2(i0.
Melanotis, 00.
melanura (Pratincola),

164.
melanurus (Pomato-

rhinus), 15.
Melizophilus, 217.
melpoiuene (Caiharus),

173.
mentalis (Artamus),

258.
meridionalis (Lanius),

277.
Merula, 91,92.
merula (Merula), 93.
merula (Turdus), 92.
merulina (Stactocichla),

22.
Mesia, 62.
mesoleuca (Ruticilla),

139.
mesoleucus(Phoenicurus),

139.
mexicana (Sialia), 175,
176.

mexicanus (Catherpes),

77.
mexicanus (Cinclus), 80.
miaraensis (Thryothorus),

68.
Microcichla, 138.
migratoria (Merula),

122.
migratorius (Turdus),

122.
Mimocichla, 92.
Mimus, 81.

minima (Acredula), 312,
minimus (Psaltriparus),

312.
Minla, 45.

minor (Artamus), 261.
minor (Lanius), 274.
minor (Parus), 307.
minor (Phylloscopus),

222.
minutus (Anthoscopus),

315.
Mixornis, 49.
modestuB (Thryophilus),

67.
modestus (Vireo), 256.
modularis (Accentor),

132.
modularis (Tharrhaleus),

132.
modulator (Mimus), 83.
mollissima (Geocichla),

114.
mollissima (Oreocichla),

114.
mollissima (Oreocincla),

114.
momus (Ourruca), 214.
mom us (Sylvia), 214.
moniliger (Garrulax), 21.
montana (Mixornis), 50.
montanellus (Accentor),

133.
montanellus (Thar-
rhaleus), 133.
montanus (Oreoscoptes),

84.
montanus (Pomato-

rhinus), 14.
Montioola, 129.
monticola (Parus), 309.
montieola (Saxicola),

169.
monticolus (Parus), 309.
morio (Saxicola), 170.
morrisonia (Alcippe), 42.
morrisoniana (Alcippe),

42.
moussieri (Djplootocus),
142.

moussieri (Pinarochroa),

142.
moussieri (Ruticilla),

142.
munda (Erythropygia),

158.
muraria (Certhia), 326.
muraria (Tichodroma),

326.
murina (Crateroscelis),

39.
murinus (Turdinulus),

40.
musculus (Troglodytes),

73.
musica (Hylocichla),

127.
musicus (Pomatorhinus),

18.
musicus (Turdus), 127.
mustelina (Hylocichla),

123.
mustelinus (Turdus),

123.
Myiadectes, 91.
Myiadestes, 91.
Myiedestes, 91.
Myiophoneus, 51.
Myrmecocichla, 163.
mystacea (Prinia), 242.
mystacea (Sylvia), 214.
Myzornis, 62.

naevia (Locustella), 179.
nana (Acanthiza), 229.
nasalis (Pyctorhis), 31.
nasutus (Cephalopho-

neus), 289.
nataleiisis (Cisticola),

195.
neglecta (Anorthura),

76.
neglecta (Lusciniola),

225.
neglecta (Oreopneuste),

225.
ueglectus (Pbylloscopus),

225.
Neomixis, 235.
Neornis, 237.
Neositta, 324.
nepalensis (Alrippe), 41.
nepalensis (Drymo-

chares). 54.
Nesillas, 198.
Nesobates, 39.
neumayeri (Sitta), .320,

321.
newtoni (Calamociclila),

202.

330

ALPHABKTICAL INDEX.

newtoni (Calami)lierpe),

newtonii (Calamodjta),

202.
nigricapillus (Thryo-

philus), 67.
nigricapillus (Thryo-

thorus), 67.
nigricapitatus (Drymo-

cataphus), 37.
nigriceps (Cephalo-

phoneus), 288.
nigriceps (Lanius), 288.
nigriceps (Stachyrhis),

47.
nigriceps (Stachyris), 47.
nigrifrons (Alcippe), 41,
nigrifrons (Rliopocichla),

44.
nigrigularis (Cracticus),

272.
nigrimentum (Trocha-

lopterum), 5.
nigriraentiun (Yuliina),

59.
nigrirostris (Manila),

107.
nigrirostris (Turdus),

107.
nigropileus (Merula), 98.
nigrorum (Merula), 97.
lugrorum (Turdus), 97.
nilgiriensis (Oreocincla),

113.
nilgiriensis (Geocichla),

113.
nilgiriensis fOreocichla),

113.
nipalense (rellorneuni),

33.
nipalensis (Alcippe), 41.
nipalensis (Bi-achy-

pteryx), 54.
nipaleusis (ileteroxeni-

cus), 54.
nipalensis (Troglodytes),

76.
Nisoria, 208.
nisorius (Adopboneus),

208.
nifcoria (Sylvia), 208.
Kotodela, 151.
noveboracensis (Vii'eo),

2.55, 256.
nubicus (Lanius), 279.
nubicus (Phoneus\ 279.
nuchalis (Dryonastes),

24.
nuchalis (Garrulax), 24.
nuiriidicus (Crate ro jus),

13.

obscura (Merula), 119.
obscurior (Pachy-

eephala). 297.
ob.^curus (Turdus), 119.
occidentalis (Saxicola),

172.
occidentalis (Sialia), 176.
occipitalis (Acantho-

pueuste), 227.
occipitalis , (Phj'Uo-

scopus), 227.
ocularia (Drymoeca), 199.
ocularia (Spiloptila),

199.
ocularis (Spiloptila), 199.
ccnanthe (Saxicola), 1()5.
olivacea (Arundinax),

203.
olivacea (Merula), 110.
olivacea (Pachycepbala),

298.
olivacea (Vireosvlvia),

253.
olivaceus (Pomato-

rbinus), 15.
olivaceus (Turdus), 110.
olivaceus (Vireo), 253.
olivetorum (Chloropeta),

205.
olivetorum (Hypolais),

205.
olivetorum (Iduna), 205.
olivetorum (Sylvia), 205.
opaca (Hypolais), 207.
opaca (Iduna), 207.
Ophrydornis, 31.
Oreicola, 163.
Oreocichla, 113.
Oreocincla, 112, 113.
Oreoica, 294.
Oreopneuste, 224.
Oreoscoptes, 84.
or,.anicum (Gymno-

rhina), 271.
orientalis (Acrocephalus),

183.
Origma, 203.
orphea (Curruca), 212.
orphea (Sylvia), 212.
orpheus (Mimus). 82.
orpheus (Sylvia), 212.
Ortbonyx, 1.
Ortbotomus, 189, 190.
Otoniela. 2fs9.
Oxylabes, 39.

Pachycepbala, 269. 295.
Pachycephalopsis, 299.
paena (Aedon), 1,58.
paena (Erythropygia),
158.

pallasi (Cinclus), 81.
pallasi (Hylociclila), 125.
pallasi (Turdus), 125.
pallasii (^Turdus), 125.
pallida (Hippolai.-).

207.
pallida (Hypolais). 206.
pallida (Iduna), 206.
pallida (Merula), 1 18.
pallida (Yuhina), 59,
pallidirostris (Lanius),

275.
pallidus (Turdus), 118.
palmeri (Harporhyn-

chus), 88.
palmeri (Toxostoma),

88.
paludicola (Cistot horns),

71.
palustre (Pellorueuni),

34.
palustris (Acrocephalus),

184.
palustris (Calamoberpe),

184.
palustris (Cistothorus),

70.
palustris (Megalurus),

199.
palustris (Parus), 301.
palustris (Poecila), .301.
palustris (Poecile), 3Jl.
palustris (Sylvia), 184.
palustris (Telmatodytes),

70.
Panurus, 63.
papuensis (Geocichla),

113.
papuensis (Oreocichla),

113.
Paradoxornis, 64.
Pardali parus, 307.
parkmanni (Troglodvtes),

72.
Parus, 63, 301, 305, 306,

307.
parvissima (Collyrio-

cincla), 268.
parvi8sima(Pinarolestfs),

268.
parvula (Colluricincla),

268.
parvula (Collyriocinc-bi),

268.
parvulus (Pinarolostcs),

268.
parvulus (Troglodytes),

74.
parvulus, rar. bie-yaalis

(Troglodvtes), 76.
passerina (Sylvia), 216.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

337

pectoralis (Garrulax),

21.
pectoralis (Pachy-

cepbala), 296.
Pelicinius, 291.
Pellorneum, 33.
pelvicus (Tephrodornis),

265.
penrlulina (Remiza),

314.
pendulinus (.(Egithalus),

314.
pendulinus (Parns),

314.
Pentheres, 310.
Peri par us, 305.
persica (Saxicola), 170.
persicus (Oyanistes),

311.
persicus (Parus), 311.
personatus (Artaraus),

259.
personatus (Lanius),

279.
perspicillatus (Dryo-

nastes), 24.
Petrocossyphus, 129.
Petropbila, 129.
phaeocephala (Alcippe),

42.
phseopleurus (Catharus),

174.
phayrei (Alcippe), 43.
phayrei (Pomatorhinus),

17.
phayrii (Alcippe), 43
phayrii (Pomatorhinus),

17.
philippinensis (Hylo-

terpe), 299.
philippinensis (Pachy-

cephala), 299.
Philomela, 146.
philomela (Daulias),

146.
philomela (Erithacus),

146.
philomela (Sylvia), 146.
phoeniceura (Trochalo-

pterum), 7.
phoenicura (Otomela),

290.
phoenicura (Euticilla),

138.
phoenicuroides (Hodg-

sonius), 148.
phoenicuroides (Lanius),

289.
phoenicuroides (Otomela),

289.
Phcenicurus, 138.

VOL. IV.

phcenicurus (Phoeni-

curus), 138.
phcenicurus (Ruticilla),

138.
phcenicurus (Sylvia),

138.
Phoneus, 279.
phragmitis (Acro-

cephala), 181.
phragmitis (Calamo-

dyta), 181.
phragmitis (Salicaria),

181.
phragmitis (Sylvia), 181.
Phylloscopus, 219.
pica (Copsychus), 155.
pica (Gervaisia), 155.
picaoides (Sibia), 55.
picata (Grallina), 263.
picata (Saxicola), 169.
picatus (Hemipus), 263.
picoides (Sibia), 55.
picticollis (Garrulax),

22.
pilaris (Turd us), 116.
pileata (Oampicola),

173.
pileata (Neositta), 324.
pileata (Saxicola), 173.
pileata (Sittella), 324.
pileata (Timelia), 29, 30.
Pinaroehroa, 142.
Pinarolestes, 268.
pinetorum (Calamo-

herpe), 185.
platensis (Cistothorus),

71.
platensis (Troglodytes),

71.
Platycichla, 91.
platyura (Schoenicola),

201.
plebeia (Merula), 107.
plebeius (Turdus), 107.
pleschanka (Saxicola),

170.
plurabeitarsus (Acantho-

pneuste), 227.
plumbeitarsus (Phyllo-

pneuste), 227.
plumbeitarsus (Phyllo-
scopus), 227.
plumbeus (Vireo), 255.
Pnoepyga, 40, 78.
Poecila, 301.
Poecile, 301.
poena (Aedon), 158.
poena (Erythropygia),

158.
poeocephala (Alcippe),

42.

poliocephala (Merula),

101.
Poliocichla, 164.
poliosoma (Pachy-

cephala), 299.
poliosoma (Pachy-

cepbalopsis), 299.
polychroa (Prinia), 245.
polychroa (Suya), 245.
polyglotta (Ficedula),

205.
polyglotta (Hippolais),

204, 207.
polyglotta (Hypolais),

204.
polyglottus (Mimus),

81, 82.
polyglottus (Turdus),

81.
Pomatorhinus, 14.
Pomatorhynchus, 293.
Pomatostomus, 16, 17.
poraeranus (Lanius),

280.
pomeranus (Phoneus),

279.
pondicerianus (Tephrod-
ornis), 264.
Pratincola, 158.
Prinia, 196, 241.
prjevalskii (Trochalo-

pteron), 7.
Proparus, 44.
propinquus (Turdus),

123.
proregulus (Phyllo-

pneuste), 225.
proregulus (Phyllo-
scopus), 225.
proregulus (Reguloides),

225.
provincialis (Melizo-

philus), 218.
provincialis (Sylvia),

218.
Psaltriparus, 312.
Pseudocossypbus, 156.
Pseudominla, 46.
Psophodes, 4.
Ptenoedus, 29.
Ptererythius, 61.
Ptererythrius, 61.
Ptereytbrius, 61.
Pterorhinus, 4.
Pteruthius, 61.
Pterythius, 61.
ptilosus (Macronus),

50.
pulcher (Eupetes), 2.
pulcherrimns (Malurus),

250.

338

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

punctatum (Cinclosoma),

1.
pvisilla (Acanthiza), 229.
pusilla (Pnoepyga), 78.
Pyctorhis, 30.
pygmsea (Sitta), 323.
pyrocephalus (Eegulus),

318.
Pyrophthalma, 217.
Pyrrholgemus, 233.
pyrrhops (Stachyrhido-

psis), 49.
pyrrhops (Stachyrido-

psis), 49.
pyrrhopygia (Acanthiza),

230.
pyrrhura (Myzoniis), 62.

quoyi (Cracticus), 272.

ralloides (Myiadectes),

91.
ralloides (Myiadestes),

91.
ralloides (Myiedestes),

91.
rama (Hypolais), 207.
rama (Iduna), 207.
rectirostris (Collyrio-

cichla), 267.
rectirostris (Collj-rio-

cinela), 267.
redivivum (Toxostoma),

88.
redivivus (Harporhyn-

chus), 88.
redivivus lecontii (Ilar-

porhyuehus), 89.
Eeguloides, 225.
reguloides (Acanthiza),

232.
reguloides (Geobasileus),

232.
Begulus, 317.
regulus (Regulus), 317.
Remiza, 314.
rex (Maehlolophus),

306.
rex (Parus), 306.
Rhinocichla, 23.
Ehodophoneus, 292.
Ehopocichla, 44.
Ebyacornis, 142.
Eimator, 41.
roberti (Pnoepyga), 40.
roberti (Turdinulus),

40.
robustus (Cracticus),

rodericanus (Bebrornis),

252.
rodericanus (Brady-

pterus), 252.
rosea (Acredula), 313.
roseus (ylj^githalus), 313.
rosseliana (Pachyce-

phala), 295.
rubecula (Erithacus),

147.
rubecula (Erythaca), 147.
rubecula (Erythacus),

147.
rubecula (Sylvia), 147.
rubeculus (Pomato-

rhinus), 17.
rubeculus (Pomatosto-

nms), 17.
rubescens (Sylvia), 214.
rubetra (Pratincola),

158.
rubetra (Saxicola), 158.
rubicola (Pratincola),

159.
rubicola (Saxicola), 159.
rubidus (Accentor), 134.
rubidus (Tharrbaleus),

134.
rubricapilla (Mixornis),

50.
rubricata (Origma), 203.
rubripes (Miniocichla),

92.
rubripes (Turdus), 92.
rueppelli (Curruca), 212.
rueppelli (Sylvia), 212.
rufa (Phyllopneuste),

222.
rufa (Saxicola), 172.
rufa (Sylvia), 209, 222.
rufescens (Calamoherpe),

187.
rufescens (Cinclorham-

phus), 29.
rufescens (Franklinia),

197.
rufescens (Ptenoedus),

29.
ruficapilla (Cisticola),

191.
ruficeps (Cisticola), 194.
ruficeps (Enneoctonus),

279.
ruficeps (Megalurus),

200.
ruficeps (Pellorneum),

33.
ruficeps (ScECOrhynchus),

65.
ruficeps (Stachyrhido-

psis), 48.

ruficeps (Stachyridopsis),

48.
ruficeps (Suthora), 65.
ruficollis (Dryonastes),

23.
ruficollis (Pomatorhi-

nus), 18.
rufifrons (Stachyrido-
psis), 48.
rufifrons (Stachyris), 48.
rufigaster (Collyrio-

cincla), 268.
rufigaster (Pinarolestes),

268.
rufigulare (Trochalo-

pterum), 6.
rufigularis (lanthocincla),

6.
rufigularis (Minla), 45.
rufigularis (Schoeniparus),

45.
rufilata (lanthia), 149.
rufilatus (Tarsiger), 149.
rufinucha (Cainpylo-

rhynchus), 65.
rufiventer (Morula),

102.
rufiventer (Turdus),

102.
rufiventris (Brachy-

pteryx), 53.
rufiveutris (Callene), 53.
rufiventris (CoUuri-

cinda), 267.
rufi^entris (Collyrio-

cichla), 267.
rufiventris (Collyrio-

cincla), 267,
rufiventris (Dryoscopus),

292.
rufiventris (Laniarius),

292.
rufiventris (Pachyce-

phala), 297.
rufiventris (Phcenicurus),

140.
rufiventris (Pinarolestes),

268.
rufiventris (Euticilla),

140.
rufiventris (Turdus),

102.
rufum (Toxostoma), 86.
rufus (Harporhynchus)

86.
rufus (Lanius), 279,281.
rufus (Phylloscopus),

222.
rufus (Turdus), 86,
rufus, var. longifbstris

(Harporhynchus), 87.

LIST OP THE CURRENT

NATURAL HISTORY PUBLICATIONS

OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE

BRITISH MUSEUM.

The following publications can be purchased through the
Agency of Messrs, Longmans & Co., 39, Paternoster Row ;
Mr. QUARITCH, 15, Piccadilly ; Messrs. Kegan Paul,
Trench, Trubner & Co., Dryden House, 43, Gerrard
Street, Soho, W. ; and Messrs. DuLAU & Co., 37, Soho
Square ; or at the Natural History Museum, Grom-
well Road, London, S. W.

The History of the Collections contained in the Natural
History Departments of the British Museum. Vol. I.
Libraries ; Botany ; Geology ; Minerals. Pp. xvii., 442.
1904, 8vo. lbs.

(Jalalogue of the Books, Manuscripts, Maps, and Drawings
in the British Museum (Natural History). Compiled by
B. B. Woodward, Assistant in charge of the General Library,
with some clerical assistance : —

Vol. L A— D. Pp. viii., 500. 1903, 4to. 20s.

Vol.11. E— K. Pp. 501-1038. 1904, 4to. 205.

Catalogue of the Specimens and Drawings of Mammals,
Birds, Reptiles, and Fishes of Nepal and Tibet. Presented
by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., to the British Museum. 2nd
edition. By John Edward Gray. Pp. xii., 90. [With an
account of the Collection by Mr. Hodgson.] 1863, 12mo.
2s. M.

Catalogue of the Mammalia and Birds of New Guinea in the
Collection of the British Museum. [With list of Species
of New Guinea Birds, and those of the neighbouring
Localities.] By John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., and
George Robert Gray, P.L.S., &c. Pp. 63. Woodcuts.
1859, 8vo. Is. M.

Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-
Pacific Ocean during the voyage of H.M.S. "Alert," 1881-2.
Pp. XXV., 684. 54 Plates. 1884, 8vo. 11. 10s.

Summary of the Voyage By Dr. R. W. Coppinger.

Mammalia „ 0. ThomaB.

Aves „ R. B. Sharpe.

Reptilia, BatracMa, Pisces »> -A-. Griinther.

Mollusca ... ,, E. A. Smith.

Echinodermata „ F.J.Bell.

Crustacea , E. J. Miers.

Coleoptera „ 0. 0. Waterhouse.

Lepidoptera „ A. Q-. Butler.

Alcyonaria and Spongiida „ S. 0. Ridley.

2000 Wt 30156 3/05 D&S 9 20861 ▲

2 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE

Report on the Collections of Natural History made in the
Antarctic Regions during the Voyage of the " Southern
Cross." Pp. ix., 344. 53 Plates. 1902, Royal 8vo. 21.
Mammalia ... By Capt. G. B. H. Barrett-Hamilton.

Notes on Antarctic Seals ...

„

E. A. Wilson, M.B.

Extracts from the '

" Diary "

}

of tlie late Nicolai Hanson.

Aves

...

)5

Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe.

Pisces

...

»

G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S.

Tunicata ...

...

J>

Prof. W. A. Herdman, F.R.S.

Mollusca

...

))

B. A. Smith.

Echinoderma

J>

Prof. F. J. Bell.

Insecta

»>

G. H. Carpenter and Hon. N. C.
RothscMld.

Arachnida ...

))

Dr. E. L. Trouessart.

Crustacea

>J

T. V. Hodgson.

PolychaBta ...

...

»

Dr. A. Willey.

Gephyrea

»

A. E. Shipley.

Nematoda
Cestoda

z 1

J>

Dr. von Linstow.

Polyzoa
Porifera

1

J>

R. Kirkpatrick.

Anthozoa

»

Dr. L. Roule and S. J. Hickson,
F.R.S.

Actiniee

J. A. Clubb.

Hydrozoa ...

J5

E. T. Browne

Cryptogramia

f>

A. Gepp, V. H. Blackman, and
Miss E. S. Barton.

Rock Specimens

... ...

JJ

G. T. Prior.

A Monograph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) : Physical
Features and Geology by C. W. Andrews, B.A., B.Sc,
F.G.S., with descriptions of the Fauna and Flora by
numerous contributors. Pp. xv.,337: 22 plates (7 coloured),
a map, and 27 illustrations in text. [With Index.] 1900,
8vo. 20s.

First Report on Economic Zoology. By Fred. V. Theobald,
M.A., &c. [With an Introduction, containing a Classifica-
tion of Animals from the point of view of Economic
Zoology, by Prof. E. Ray Lankester, LL.D., F.R.S.]
Pp. xxxiv., 192. 18 Woodcuts. 1903, Roy. Svo. 6s.

Second Report on Economic Zoology. By Fred. V. Theobald,
M.A., &c. Pp. X., 197. 29 Illustrations. 1904, Roy. Svo.

MAMMALS.

Catalogue of the Bones of Mammalia in the Collection of the
British Museum. By Edward Gerrard. Pp. iv., 296.

1862, Svo. 5s.

Catalogue of Monkeys, Lemurs, and Fruit-eating Bats in
the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. J. E.
Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. viii., 137. 21 Woodcuts. 1870,

Svo. 4:8,

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 3

Catalogue of Carnivorous, Pachydermatous, and Edentate
Mammalia in the British Museum. By John Edward
Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. vii., 398. 47 Woodcuts. 1869.
8vo. 6s. Qd,

Catalogue of Seals and Whales in the British Museum. By
John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c. 2nd Edition. Pp. vii.,
402. 101 Woodcuts. 1866, 8vo. Ss.

Supplement. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c.,

Pp. vi., 103. 11 Woodcuts. 1871, 8vo. 2s. 6d.

List of the Specimens of Cetacea in the Zoological Depart-
ment of the British Museum. By William Henry Flower,
LL.D., F.K.S., &c. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] Pp. iv., 36. 1885, 8vo. Is. 6d,

Catalogue of Ruminant Mammalia {Pecora^ Linnaeus) in the
British Museum. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c.
Pp. viii., 102. 4 Plates. 1872, 8vo. 3s. M.

Catalogue of the Marsupialia and Monotremata in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Oldfield Thomas.
Pp. xiii., 401. 4 Coloured and 24 plain Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1888,
8vo. 1/. 8s.

BIRDS.

Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum : —

Vol. VI. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Cichlomorphce : Part III., containing the first portion
of the family Timeliidae (Babbling Thrushes). By
R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 420. Woodcuts and
18 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1881, 8vo. 11.
Vol. VII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Cichlomorphce : Part IV., containing the concluding
portion of the family Timeliidae (Babbling Thrushes).
By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xvi., 698. Woodcuts and
15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1883, 8vo. IL 6s.
Vol. VIII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Cichlomorphce : Part V., containing the families
Paridse and Laniidse (Titmice and Shrikes) ; and
Certhiomorphce (Creepers and Nuthatches). By Hans
Gadow, M.A., Ph.D. Pp. xiii., 386. Woodcuts and
9 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1883, 8vo. 17s.

20861 -A. a

4 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE

Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued.

Vol. IX. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
CinnyrimorphcB, containing the families Nectariniidae
and Meliphagidse (Sun Birds and Honey-eaters). By
Hans Gadow, M.A., Ph.D. Pp. xii., 310. Woodcuts
and 7 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1884, 8vo. 14s.

Vol. X. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Fringilliformes : Part I., containing the families
Dicseidse, Hirundinidae, Ampelidae, Mniotiltidae, and
Motacillidae. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 682.
Woodcuts and 12 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 11, 2s.

Vol. XI. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
FringilUfoynnes : Part II., containing the families
Coerebidae, Tanagridse, and Icteridae. By Philip Lutley
Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xvii., 431. Woodcuts and
18 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1886, 8vo. 1^.

Vol. XII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Fringilliformes : Part III., containing the family
Fringillidae. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xv., 871.
Woodcuts and 16 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1888, 8vo. 11. 8s.

Vol. XIII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Sturniformes^ containing the families Artamidae,
Sturnidae, Ploceidae, and Alaudidae. Also the families
Atrichiidae and Menuridae. By R. Bowdler Sharpe.
Pp. xvi., 701. Woodcuts and 15 coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890,
8vo. 11. 8s.

Vol. XIV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Oligomyodce, or the families Tyrannidee, Oxyrham-
phidae, Pipridae, Cotingidae, Phytotomidae, Philepittidae,
Pittidae, Xenicidae, and Eurylaemidae. By Philip
Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xix., 494. Wobdcuts
and 26 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1888, 8yo. 1/. 4s.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HlSl?ORY). 5

Catalogue of the Birds in the British Musenm — continued,

Yol. XV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Tracheophonce, or the families Dendrocolaptidae,
Formicariidse, Conopophagidae, and Pteroptochidse.
By Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xvii., 371.
Woodcuts and 20 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. 11.

Vol. XVI. Catalogue of the Picarise in the Collection of
the British Museum. Upvpce and Trochiliy by Osbert
Salvin. Coracice, of the families Cypselidae, Capri-
mulgidae, Podargidse, and Steatornithidse, by Ernst
Hartert. Pp. xvi., 703. Woodcuts and 14 coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1892, 8vo. 1?. 16s.

Vol. XVII. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection
of the British Museum. Coracice (contin.) and
Haley ones^ with the families Leptosomatidae, Coraciidse,
Meropidae, Alcedinidae, Momotidse, Totidae and Coliidae,
by R. Bowdler Sharpe. Bucerotes and Trogones, by
W. R. Ogilvie Grant. Pp. xi., 522. Woodcuts and 17
coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1892, 8vo. IL 10s.

Vol. XVIII. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection
of the British Museum. Scansores, containing the
family Picidae. By Edward Hargitt. Pp. xv., 597.
Woodcuts and 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. IL 6s.

Vol. XIX. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection of
the British Museum. Scansores and Coccyges : con-
taining the families Rhamphastidae, Galbulidae, and
Bucconidae, by P. L. Sclater ; and the families Indi-
catoridae, Capitonidae, Cuculidae, and Musophagidae, by
G. E. Shelley. Pp. xii., 484 : 13 coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1891,
8vo. 11. 5s.

Vol. XX. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots, in the
Collection of the British Museum. By T. Salvadori.
Pp. xvii., 658. Woodcuts and 18 coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1891,
8vo. 11. 10s.

Vol. XXI. Catalogue of the Columbae, or Pigeons, in
the Collection of the British Museum. By T. Salvadori.
Pp. xvii., 676. 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. 11. 10s.

Vol. XXII. Catalogue of the Game Birds (Fterocletes,
Gallmce, Opisihocomu Eemipodii) in the Collection of
the British Museum. By W. R. Ogilvie Grant.
Pp. xvi., 585. 8 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. 11. 6s.

6 LlSl? OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE

Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — contimied'.

Vol. XXIII. Catalogue of the Fulicarise (Rallidae and
Heliornithidae) and Alectorides (Aramidae, Eurypy-
gidse, Mesitidse, Rhinochetidae, Gruidge, Psophiidae,
and Otididae) in the Collection of the British Museum.
By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 353. 9 coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1894, 8vo. 20s.

Vol. XXIV. Catalogue of the Limicolae in the Collection
of the British Museum. By R. Bowdler Sharpe.
Pp. xii., 794. Woodcuts and 7 coloured Plates. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1896, 8vo.
1^. 5s.

Vol. XXV. Catalogue of the Gaviae and Tubinares in
the Collection of the British Museum. Gaviae (Terns,
Gulls, and Skuas), by Howard Saundei^s. Tubinares
(Petrels and Albatrosses), by Osbert SalVin. Pp. xv.,
475. Woodcuts and 8 coloured Plates. [With Syste-
matic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1896, 8vo. 11, Is,

Vol. XXVI. Catalogue of the Plataleae, Herodiones,
Steganopodes, Pygopodes, Alcae, and Impennes in the
Collection of the British Museum. Plataleae (Ibises
and Spoonbills) and Herodiones (Herons and Storks),
by R. Bowdler Sharpe. Steganopodes (Cormorants,
Gannets, Frigate-birds, Tropic-birds, and Pelicans),
Pygopodes (Divers ana Grebes), Alcae (Auks), and Im-
pennes (Penguins), by W. R. Ogil vie -Grant. Pp. xvii.,
687. Woodcuts and 14 coloured Plates. [With Sys-
tematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1898, 8vo. 11, 56*.

Vol. XXVII. Catalogue of the Chenomorphae (Pala-
medeae, Phoenicopteri, Anseres), Crypturi, and Ratitae
in the Collection of the British Museum. By T.
Salvadori. Pp. xv., 636. 19 coloured Plates. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1895, 8vo.
11. 12s.

-A. Hand-list of the Genera and Species of Birds. [Nomen-
clator Avium turn Fossilium tum Viventium.] By R.
Bowdler Sharpe, LL.D. : —

Vol. I. Pp. xxi., 303. [With Systematic Index.]
1899, 8vo. 10s.

Vol. II. Pp. XV., 312. [With Systematic Index, and
an Alphabetical Index to Vols. I. and II.] 1900,
8vo. 10s.

Vol. III. Pp. xii., 367. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1901, 8vo. 10s.

Vol. IV. Pp. xii., 391. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1903, 8vo. 10«.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 7

List of the Specimens of Birds in the Collection of the
British Museum. By George Robert Gray ; —

Part III., Section I. Ramphastidae. Pp. 16. [With

Index.] 1855, 12mo. M,
Part III.. Section II. Psittacidse. Pp. 110. [With

Index.] 1859, 12mo. 2s.
Part III., Sections III. and IV. Capitonidae and Picidae.

Pp. 137. [With Index.] 1868, 12mo. Is. 6rf.
Part IV. Columbse. Pp. 73. [With Index.] 1856,

12mo. Is. M,
Part V. Gallinae. Pp. iv., 120. [With an Alphabetical

Index.] 1867, 12mo. Is. 6d

Catalogue of the Birds of the Tropical Islands of the Pacific
Ocean in the Collection of the British Museum. By
George Robert Gray, F.L.S., <fcc. Pp. 72. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1859, 8vo. Is. M.

Catalogue of the Collection of Birds' Eggs in the British
Museum (Natural History) : —

Vol. I. Ratitse. Carinatae (Tinamiformes — Lariformes).
By Eugene W. Gates. Pp. xxiii., 252. 18 Coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1901, 8vo. 30s.

Vol. II. Carinatae (Charadriiformes — Strigiformes). By
Eugene W. Gates. Pp. xx., 400. 15 Coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1902,
8vo. 30s.

Vol. III. Carinatae (Psittaciformes — Passeriformes).
By Eugene W. Gates and Capt. Savile G. Reid.
Pp. xxiii., 319. 10 Coloured Plates. [With Syste-
matic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1903, 8vo. 25s.

REPTILES.

Catalogue of the Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Amphisbaenians
in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. J. E.
Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. viii., 80. [With an Alphabetical
Ind'ex.] 1841, 12mo. Is.

Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British
Museum. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c.: —

Appendix. Pp. 28. 1872, 4to. 2s. 6c^.

Part II. Emydosaurians, Rhynchocephalia, and Amphis-
baenians. Pp. vi., 41. 25 Woodcuts. 1872, 4to.
3s. (od,

Hand-List of the Specimens of Shield Reptiles in the
British Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., F.L.S., &c.
Pp. iv., 124. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1873,
8vo. 4s.

8 LIST OP PUBLICATIONS OP THE

Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and
Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History).
New Edition. By George Albert Boulenger. Pp. x., 311.
73 Woodcuts and 6 Plates. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1889, 8vo. 15s.

Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural His-
tory). Second Edition. By George Albert Boulenger : —

Vol. I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygo-
podidse, Agamidse. Pp. xii., 436. 32 Plates. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 20s.

Vol. II. Iguanidae, Xenosauridae, Zonuridae, Anguidae,
Anniellidae, Helodermatidae, Varanidae, Xantusiidae,
Teiidae, Amphisbaenidae. Pp. xiii., 497. 24 Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885,
8vo. 20s.

Vol. III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytro-
pidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. Pp. xii., 575. 40
Plates. [With a Systematic Index and an Alphabetical
Index to the three volumes.] 1887, 8vo. 11. 6s.

Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural
History). By George Albert Boulenger, F.R.S., &c. : —

Vol. I., containing the families Typhlopidae, Glauconiidae,
Boidae, Ilysiidae, Uropeltidae, Xenopeltidae, and Colu-
bridae aglyphae (part). Pp. xiii., 448 : 26 Woodcuts
and 28 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. U. Is.

Vol. II., containing the conclusion of the Colubridae
aglyphae. Pp. xi., 382 : 25 Woodcuts and 20 Plates.
[With System atic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1894,
8vo. 17s. 6d.

Vol. III., containing the Colubridae (Opisthoglyphae and
Proteroglyphae), Amblycephalidae, and Viperidae.
Pp. xiv., 727 : 37 Woodcuts and 25 Plates. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index to the 3
volumes.] 1896, 8vo. 11. Gs.

Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the
British Museum. By Dr. Albert Giinther. Pp. xvi., 281.
[With Geographic, Systematic, and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1858, 12mo. 4s.

BATRACHIANS.

Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the Collection 61: the
British Museum. By Dr. Albert Gtinther. Pp. xvi., 160.
12 Plates. [With Systematic, Geographic, and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1858, 8vo. 6s.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).

FISHES.

Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. Second
edition. Vol. I. Catalogue of the Perciform Fishes in the
British Museum. Vol. I. Containing the Centrarchidae,
Percidae, and Serranidae (part). By George Albert
Boulenger, F.R.S. Pp. xix., 394. Woodcuts and 15 Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1895, 8vo.
16s.

Catalogue of Fish collected and described by Laurence
Theodore Gronow, now in the British Museum. Pp. vii.,
196. [With a Systematic Index.] 1854, 12mo. 3s. 6d

Catalogue of Lophobranchiate Fish in the Collection of the
British Museum. By J. J. Kaup, Ph.D., &c. Pp. iv., 80.
4 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856, 12mo. 2s,

MOLLUSCA.

Guide to the Systematic Distribution of Mollusca in the
British Museum. Part I. By John Edward Gray, Ph.D.,
F.R.S., &c. Pp. xii., 230. 121 Woodcuts. 1857, 8vo. 5s.

List of the Shells of the Canaries in the Collection of the
British Museum, collected by MM. Webb and Berthelot.
Described and figured by Prof. Alcide D'Orbigny in the
"Histoire Naturelle des lies Canaries." Pp. 32. 1854,
12mo. Is.

List of the Shells of Cuba in the Collection of the British
Museum collected by M. Ramon de la Sagra. Described
by Prof. Alcide d'Orbigny in the " Histoire de I'lUe de
Cuba." Pp. 48. 1854, 12mo. Is.

List of the Shells of South America in the Collection of the
British Museum. Collected and described by M. Alcide
D'Orbigny in the "Voyage dans TAmerique Meridionale."
Pp. 89. 1854, 12mo. 2s.

Catalogue of the Collection of Mazatlan Shells in the British
Museum, collected by Frederick Reigen. Described by
Philip P. Carpenter. Pp. xvi., 552. 1857, 12mo. 8s.

List of Mollusca and Shells in the Collection of the British
Museum, collected and described by MM. Eydoux and
Souleyet in the "Voyage autour du Monde, execute
"pendant les annees 1836 et 1837, sur la Corvette *La
" Bonite,' " and in the " Histoire naturelle des Mollusques
" Pteropodes." Par MM. P. C. A. L. Rang et Souleyet.
Pp. iv., 27. 1855, 12mo. 8d

10 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE

Catalogue of the Phaneropneumona, or Terrestrial Operculated
MoUusca, in the Collection of the British Museum. By
Dr. L. Pfeiffer. Pp. 324. [With an Alphabetical Index.]
1852, 12mo. 5s.

Catalogue of Pulmonata, or Air Breathing Mollusca, in the
Collection of the British Museum. Part I. By Dr. Louis
Pfeiffer. Pp. iv., 192. Woodcuts. 1855, 12mo. 2s. 6d

Catalogue of the Auriculidse, Proserpinidae, and Truncatellidse
in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Louis
Pfeiffer. Pp. iv., 150. Woodcuts. 1857, 12mo. Is. 9^^.

List of the Mollusca in the Collection of the British Museum.
By John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c.

Part II. Olividse. Pp. 41. 1865, 12mo. Is.

Catalogue of the Conchifera, or Bivalve Shells, in the
Collection of the British Museum. By M. Deshayes : —
Part I. Venerida3, Cyprinidatl. Glauconomidae, and

Petricoladse. Pp. iv., 216. 1853, 12mo. 3s.
Part II. Petricoladse (concluded) ; Corbiculadae. Pp.
217-292. [With an Alphabetical Index to the two
parts.] 1854, 12mo. 6d.

BRACHIOPODA.

Catalogue of Brachiopoda Ancylopoda or Lamp Shells in the
Collection of the British Museum. [Issioed as *' Catalogue
of the Mollusca, Part IV."] Pp. iv., 128. 25 Woodcuts.
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1853, 12mo. 3s.

POLYZOA.

Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the Collection of the British
Museum. Part III.' Cyclostomata. By George Busk,
F.R.S. Pp. viii., 39. 38 Plates. [With a Systematic
Index.] 1875, 8vo. 5s.

CRUSTACEA.

Catalogue of the Specimens of Amphipodous Crustacea in
the Collection of the British Museum. By C. Spence Bate,
F.R.S., &c. Pp. iv., 399. 58 Plates. [With an Alpha-
betical Index.] 1862, 8vo. 1^. 5s.

ARACHNIDA. :j

Descriptive Catalogue of the Spiders of Burma, based upon
the Collection made by Eugene W. Gates and presei-yed in
the British Museum.' By T. Thorell. Pp. xxxvi., 406.
[With Systematic List and Alphabetical Index.] 1895,
8vo. 10s. 6d.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) 11

INSECTS.

Coleopterous Insects,

Nomenclature of Coleopterous Insects in the Collection of
the British Museum : —

Part VI. Passalidse. By Frederick Smith. Pp. iv., 23.
1 Plate. [With Index.] 1852, 12mo. %d.

Part VII. Longicornia, I. By Adam White. Pp. iv.,
174. 4 Plates. 1853, 12mo. 2s. 6d

Part VIII. Longicornia, II. By Adam White. Pp. 237.
6 Plates. 1855, 12mo. 3s. ^d.

Part IX. Cassididse. By Charles H. Boheman, Professor
of Natural History, Stockholm. Pp. 225. [With
Index.] 1856, 12mo. 3s.

Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Coleoptera in the
Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Lycidse. By
Charles Owen Waterhouse. Pp. x., 83. 18 Coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1879, 8vo. 16s.

Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of Madeira in the
Collection of the British Museum. By T. Vernon
Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. Pp. xvi., 234 : 1 Plate. [With
a Topographical Catalogue and an Alphabetical Index.]
1857, 8vo. 3s.

Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of the Canaries in the
Collection of the British Museum. By T. Vernon
Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. Pp. xiii., 648. [With Topo-
graphical and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1864, 8vo. 10s. M.

Catalogue of Halticidae in the Collection of the British
Museum. By the Rev. Hamlet Clark, M.A., F.L.S.
Physapodes and (Edipodes. Part I. Pp. xii., 301.
Frontispiece and 9 Plates. 1860, 8vo. 7s.

Catalogue of Hispidae in the Collection of the British
Museum. By Joseph S. Baly, M.E.S., &c. Part I. Pp. x.,
172. 9 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1858,
8vo. ^8.

Hymenopterous Insects,

Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the
British Museum. By Frederick Smith. 12mo. : —

Part I. Andrenidse and Apidse. Pp. 197. 6 Plates.
1853, 2s. 6c^.

Part II. Apidse. Pp. 199-465. 6 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1854. 6s.

12 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE

Catalogue of Hymenopteroue Insects in the British
Museum — continued.

Part III. Mutillidae and Pompilidse. Pp. 206. 6 Plates.
1855. 6s.

Part IV. Sphegidse, Larrida?, and Crabronidae. Pp. 207-
497. 6 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856.

Part V. Vespidae. Pp. 147. 6 Plates. [With an Alpha-
betical Index.] 1857. 6s.

Part VI. Formicidse. Pp. 216. 14 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1858. ^s.

Part VII. Dorylidss and Thynnidae. Pp. 76. 3 Plates.
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1859. 2s.

List of Hymenoptera, with descriptions and figures of the
Typical Specimens in the British Museum. Vol. I.,
Tenthredinid38 and Siricidse. By W. F. Kirby.
Pp. xxviii., 450. 16 Coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, 8vo. 11. I8s.

Dipterous Insects,

List of the Specimens of Dipterous Insects in the Collection
of the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S.

Part VII. Supplement III. Asilidae. Pp. ii., 507-775.
1855, 12mo. 3s. 6d.

A Monograph of the Culicidae, or Mosquitoes. Mainly com-
piled from the Collections received at the British Museum
from various parts of the world in connection with the
Investigation into the cause of Malaria conducted by the
Colonial Office and the Royal Society. By Fred. V.
Theobald, M.A., &c. :—

Vols. I., II. (pp. xviii., 424 ; viii., 391 : 318 woodcuts), and
Atlas of 37 coloured and 5 collotype plates (pp. viii.,
with explanations of plates). 1901, 8vo. 2>l. 3s.

Vol. III. Pp. xvii., 359 : 17 plates, 1 diagram, and 193
illustrations in text. 1903, 8vo. 11. Is.

A Monograph of the Tsetse-Flies (Genus Glossina, Westwood),
based on the Collection in the British Museum. ' By
Ernest Edward Austen. With a chapter on Mouth- parts
by H. J. Hansen, Phil. Doc. Pp. ix., 319 : 9 plates
(7 coloured), 16 woodcuts, 1 map. 1903, Roy. 8vo. 15s.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY.) 13

L^idopterous Insects.

Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British
Museum. By Sir George F. Hampson, Bart. : —

Vol. I. Catalogue of the Syntomidae in the Collection

of the British Museum. Pp. xxi., 559 : 285 Woodcuts.

[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1898,

8vo. 15s.

Atlas of 17 Coloured Plates, 8vo. 15s.

Vol. II. Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Litho-

sianae) in the Collection of the British Museum.

Pp. XX., 589 : 411 Woodcuts. [With Systematic and

Alphabetical Indexes.] 1900, 8vo. 18s.

Atlas of 18 Coloured Plates (xviii.-xxxv.), 8vo. 15s.

Vol. III. Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Arctianae) and

Agaristidae in the Collection of the British Museum.

Pp. xix., 690 : 294 woodcuts. [With Systematic

and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1901, 8vo. 15s.

Atlas of 19 Coloured Plates (xxxvi-liv.), 8vo. 16s.

Vol. IV. Catalogue of the Noctuidae. Pp. xx., 689 :

125 woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical

Indexes.] 1903, 8vo. i5s.
Atlas of 23 Coloured Plates (Iv. — Ixxvii), 8vo. 16s.

Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera
in the Collection of the British Museum : —

Part V. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xii., 74.

78-100 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic Index.]

1881, 4to. n. 10s.
Part VI. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xv., 89.

101-120 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic Index.]

1886, 4to. 2Z. 4s.
Part VII. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. iv., 124.

121-138 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic List.]

1889, 4to. 2Z.
Part VIII. The Lepidoptera Heterocera of the Nilgiri

District. By George Francis Hampson. Pp. iv., 144.

139-156 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic List.]

1891, 4to. n.
Part IX. The Macrolepidoptera Heterocera of Ceylon.

By George Francis Hampson. Pp. v., 182. 157-176

Coloured Plates. [With a General Systematic List of

Species collected in, or recorded from, Ceylon.] 1893.

4to. 2L 2s.

Catalogue of the CollecUon of Palaearctic Butterflies formed
by the late John Henry Leech, and presented to the
Trustees of the British Museum by his Mother, Mrs. Eliza
Leech. By Richard South, F.E.S. Pp. vi., 228. 2 Coloured
Plates. With a Portrait and Biographical Memoir of Mr.
Leech. 1902, 4to. 1^.

14 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OP THE

Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera described by Fabricius in
the Collection of the British Museum. By Arthur Gardiner
Butler, F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 303. 3 Plates. 1869, 8vo. 7s. 6^?.

Specimen of a Catalogue of Lycaenidae in the British Museum.
By W. C. Hewitson. Pp. 15. 8 Coloured Plates. 1862,
4to. 11, Is.

List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker.
12mo. :—

Part XXII. Geometrites. Pp. 499-755. 1861, 3s. 6d.

Part XXIII. Pp. 756-1020. 1861, 3s. 6d.

Part XXIV. Pp. 1021-1280. 1862, 3s. 6d.

Part XXY. Pp. 1281-1477. 1862, 3s.

Part XXVI. Pp. 1478-1796. [With an

Alphabetical Index to Parts XX.-XXVI.] 1862, 4s. 6d

Part XXVII. Crambifces and Tortricites. Pp. 1-286.
1863, 4s.

Part XXVIII. Tortricites and Tineites. Pp. 287-561.
1863, 4s.

Part XXIX. Tineites. Pp. 562-835. 1864, 4s.

Part XXX. Pp. 836-1096. [With an Alpha-
betical Index to Parts XXVII.-XXX.] 1864, 4s.

Part XXXI. Supplement. Pp. 1-321. 1864, 5s.

Part XXXII. Part 2. Pp. 322-706.

1865, 5s.

Part XXXIII. Part 3. Pp. 707-1120.

1865, 6s.

Part XXXIV. Part 4. Pp. 1121-1533.

1865, 5s. Qd.

Part XXXV. Part 5. Pp. 1534-2040.

[With an Alphabetical Index to Parts XXXI.-
XXXV.] 1866,7s.

Neuropterous Insects.

Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker.
12mo. :—

Part II. SialidaB — Nemopterides. Pp. ii., 193-476.

1853, 3s. M.
Part III. Termitidae— Ephemeridae. Pp. ii., 477-585.

1853, Is. 6c?.

Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. H. Hagen.
Part I. Termitina. Pp. 34. 1858, 12mo. 6d.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 15

Orthopterous Insects,

Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the
British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. By John Obadiah
Westwood, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 195. 48 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1859, 4to. 3Z.

Catalogue of the Specimens of Blattariae in the Collection of
the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c.
Pp. 239. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1868, 8vo. 5s. 6d.

Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker,
F.L.S., &c. :—

Part II. Locustidae (continued). Pp. 225-423. [With
an Alphabetical Index.] 1869, 8vo. 4s. 6d.

Part III. Locustidse (continued). — Acrididse. Pp. 425-
604. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 8vo. 4s.

Part IV. Acrididse (continued). Pp. 605-809. [With
an Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 8vo. 6s,

Part V. Tettigidae. — Supplement to the Catalogue of
Blattariae. — Supplement to the Catalogue of Dermaptera
Saltatoria (with remarks on the Geographical Distri-
bution of Dermaptera). Pp. 811-850; 43; 116.
[With Alphabetical Indexes.] 1870, 8vo. 6s,

Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. By W. F. Kirby.
Vol. I. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria.
(Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae.)
Pp. X., 501. [With Index.] 1904, 8vo. 10s.

Hemipterous Insects,

Catalogue of the Specimens of Heteropterous Hemiptera in
the Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker,
F.L.S., &c. 8vo. :—

Part I. Scutata. Pp. 240. 1867. 5s.

Part II. Scutata (continued). Pp. 241-417. 1867. 4s.

Part III. Pp. 418-599. [With an Alphabetical Index to
Parts I., II., III., and a Summary of Geographical
Distribution of the Species mentioned.] 1868. 4s. 6d,

Part IV. Pp. 211. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1871. 6s,

Part V. Pp. 202. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1872. 5s.

Part VI. Pp. 210. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873. 5s.

Part VII. Pp.213. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873. 6s,

Part VIII. Pp. 220. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873.

[6s, 6d.

16 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE

VERMES.

Catalogue of the Species of Entozoa, or Intestinal Worms,
contained in the Collection of the British Museum. By
Dr. Baird. Pp. iv., 132. 2 Plates. [With an Index of
the Animals in which the Entozoa mentioned in the
Catalogue are found, and an Index of Genera and
Species.] 1853, 12mo. 2s.

ANTHOZOA.

Catalogue of Sea-pens or Pennatulariidae in the Collection of
the British Museum. By J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. iv.,
40. 2 Woodcuts. 1870, 8vo. Is. 6d.

Catalogue of Lithophytes or Stony Corals in the Collection
of the British Museum. By * J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c.
Pp. iv., 51. 14 Woodcuts. 1870, 8vo. 3s.

Catalogue of the Madreporarian Corals in the British
Museum (Natural History) : —

Vol. I. The Genus Madrepora. By George Brook.
Pp. xi., 212. 35 Collotype Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes, and Explanation of the
Plates.] 1893, 4to. U. 4s.

Vol. II. The Genus Turbinaria ; the Genus Astrseopora.
By Henry M. Bernard, M.A. Cantab., F.L.S., F.Z.S.
Pp. iv., 106. 30 Collotype and 3 Lithographic Plates.
[With Index of Generic and Specific Names, and
Explanation of the Plates.] 1896, 4to. 18s.

Vol. III. The Genus Montipora ; the Genus Anacro-
pora. By Henry M. Bernard, M.A. Pp. vii., 192.
30 Collotype and 4 Lithographic Plates. [With Syste-
matic Index, Index of Generic and Specific Names,
and Explanation of the Plates.] 1897, 4to. 1^. 4s.

Vol. IV. The Family Poritidae. I. — The Genus
Goniopora. By Henry M. Bernard, M.A. Pp. viii.,
206. 12 Collotype and 4 Lithographic Plates. [With
Index of Generic and Specific Names, and Explanation
of the Plates.] 1903, 4to. IL

BRITISH ANIMALS.

Catalogue of British Birds in the Collection of the British
Museum. By George Robert Gray, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c.
Pp. xii., 248. [With a List of Species.] 1863, 8vo. 3s. 6d

Catalogue of British Hymenoptera in the Collection, of the
British Museum. Second edition. Part I. Andrenidse
and Apidae. By Frederick Smith, M.E.S. New Issue.
Pp. xi., 236. 11 Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1891, 8vo. 6s.

BRITISH MUSEITM (NATURAL HISTORY). 17

Catalogue of British Fossorial Hymenoptera, Formicidae, and
Vespidse in the Collection of the British Museum. By
Frederick Smith, V.P.E.S. Pp. 236. 6 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1858, 12mo. 6s.

A Catalogue of the British Non-parasitical Worms in the
Collection of the British Museum. By George Johnston,
M.D., Edin., F.R.C.L., Ed., Ll.D., Marischal Coll., Aber-
deen, &c. Pp. 365. Woodcuts and 24 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1865, 8vo. 7s.

Catalogue of the British Echinoderms in the British Museum
(Natural History). By F. Jeffrey Bell, M.A. Pp. xvii., 202.
Woodcuts and 16 Plates (2 Coloured). [With Table of
Contents, Tables of Distribution, Alphabetical Index,
Description of the Plates, &c.] 1892, 8vo. 12s. 6d.

List of the Specimens of British Animals in the Collection
of the British Museum ; with Synonyma and References
to figures. 12mo. : —

Part V. Lepidoptera. By J. F. Stephens. 2nd Edition.
Revised by H. T. Stainton and E. Shepherd. Pp. iv.,
224. 1856. Is.M.

Part VI. Hymenoptera. By F.Smith. Pp.134. 1851. 2s.

Part VII. Mollusca, Acephala and Brachiopoda. By
Dr. J. E. Gray. Pp. iv., 167. 1851. 3s. &d.

Part VIII. Fish. By Adam White. Pp. xxiii., 164.
(With Index and List of Donors.) 1851. 3s. 6d.

Part IX. Eggs of British Birds. By George Robert
Gray. Pp. 143. 1852. 2s. 6d.

Part XI. Anoplura, or Parasitic Insects. By H. Denny.
Pp. iv., 5L 1852. Is.

Part XII. Lepidoptera (continued). By James F.
Stephens. Pp. iv., 54. 1852. 9rf.

Part XIII. Nomenclature of Hymenoptera. By
Frederick Smith. Pp. iv., 74. 1853. Is. 4d.

Part XIV. Nomenclature of Neuroptera. By Adam
White. Pp. iv., 16. 1853. 6d.

Part XV. Nomenclature of Diptera, I. By Adam
White. Pp. iv., 42. 1853. Is.

Part XVI. Lepidoptera (completed). By H. T. Stainton.
Pp. 199. [With an Index.] 1854. 3s.

Part XVII. Nomenclature of Anoplura, Euplexoptera,
and Orthoptera. By Adam White. Pp. iv., 17.
1855. Qd.

20861 B

18 ' LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE

PLANTS.

IlJustrations of Australian Plants collected in 1770 during
Captain Cook's Voyage round the World in H.M.S.
" Endeavour." By the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks,
Bart., K.B., P.R.S., and Dr. Daniel Solander, F.R.S.
[Being a series of lithographic reproductions of copper-
plates engraved after paintings by F. P. Nodder, James
Miller, J. F. Miller, and John Cleveley.] With Introduc-
tion and Determinations by James Britten, F.L.S., Senior
Assistant, Department of Botany, British Museum : —

Part I. — 101 Plates, with 31 pages of descriptive text.

1900, fol. 25s.
Part II.— 142 Plates (pis. 101-243), with 41 pages of

descriptive text (pp. 35-75). 1901, fol. 35s.
Part III.— 77 Plates (pis. 244-318, 45a, and 122), with

26 pages of descriptive text, including Index to the

whole work (pp. 77-102), and 3 maps. 1905, fol. 25s.

Catalogue of the African Plants collected by Dr. Friedrich
Welwitsch in 1853-61 :—

Vol. I. Dicotyledons. By William Philip Hiern, M.A.,
F.L.S., &c. :—

Part I. [Ranunculacese to Rhizophoraceae.] Pp.
xxvi., 336. [With Portrait of Dr. Welwitsch.
Introduction, Bibliography, and Index of Genera.]
1896, 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Part II. Combretacese to Rubiacese. Pp. 337-510.
[With Index of Genera.] 1898, 8vo. 4s.

Part III. Dipsaceae to Scrophulariaceae. Pp. 511-

784. [With Index of Genera.] 1898, 8vo. 5s.

Part IV. Lentibulariaceae to Ceratophylleae. Pp. 785-
1035. [With Index.] 1900, 8vo. 5s.

Vol. II. Monocotyledons, Gymnosperms, and Crypto-
gams : —

Part I. Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms. By
Alfred Barton Rendle, M.A., D.Sc. F.L.S., Assis-
tant, Department of Botany. Pp. 260. [With
Index of Genera.] 1899, 8vo. Qs.

Part II. Cryptogamia. Pp. 261-566. [With Table
of Errata, and General Index to the whole work.]
1901, 8vo. 6s.

Vascular Cryptogams

... By

William Carruthers, F.R.S.

Mosses

Antony Gepp, M.A., F.L.S.

Hepatics

F. Stephani.

Marine Algae

...

Ethels. Barton. . > ^

Freshwater Algas ...

... „

W. West, F.L.S., and G. S.
West, B.A.

Diatomacese

Thomas Comber, F.L.S.

Lichenes

,.

E. A. Wainio.

Fungi

.,

Annie Lorrain Smith.

Mycetozoa

., „

Arthur Lister, F.R.S.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 19

A Monograph of Lichens found in Britain : being a Descrip-
tive Catalogue of the Species in the Herbarium of the
British Museum. By the Rev. James M. Orombie, M.A.,
F.L.S., F.G.S., &c. Part I. Pp. viii., 519 : 74 Woodcuts.
[With Glossary, Synopsis, Tabular Conspectus, and Index.]
1894, 8vo. 16s.

A Monograph of the Mycetozoa : being a Descriptive Catalogue
of the Species in the Herbarium of the British Museum.
By Arthur Lister, F.L.S. Pp. 224. 78 Plates and 51
Woodcuts. [With Synopsis of Genera and List of Species,
and Index.] 1894, 8vo. 15s.

List of British Diatomaceae in the Collection of the British
Museum. By the Rev. W. Smith, F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 55.
1859, 12mo. Is.

FOSSILS,

Catalogue of the Fossil Mammalia in the British Museum
(Natural History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A., F.G.S. :— -

Part I. Containing the Orders Primates, Chiroptera,
Insectivora, Carnivora, and Rodentia. Pp. xxx., 268.
33 Woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 5s.

Part II. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborder
Artiodactyla. Pp. xxii., 324. 39 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 6s,

Part III. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborders
Perissodactyla, Toxodontia, Condylarthra, and Ambly-
poda. Pp. xvi.,186. 30 Woodcuts. [With Systematic
Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species,
Including Synonyms.] 1886, 8vo. 4s.

Part IV. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborder
Proboscidea. Pp. xxiv., 235. 32 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species, including Synonyms.] 1886, 8vo. 5s.

Part V. Containing the Group Tillodontia, the Orders
Sirenia, Cetacea, Edentata, Marsupialia, Monotremata,
and Supplement. Pp. xxxv., 345. 55 Woodcuts.
[With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of
Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1887, 8 vo. Qs,

Catalogue of the Fossil Birds in the British Museum (Natural
History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A. Pp. xxvii., 368.
75 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1891,
8vo. 10s. 6ci.

20861 '^ 0

20 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE

Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British
Museum (Natural History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A.,
F.G.S. Im-
part I. Containingthe Orders Omithosauria, Crocodilia,
Dinosauria, Squamata, Rhynchocephalia, and Pro-
terosauria. Pp. xxviii., 309. 69 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species, including Synonyms.] 1888, 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Part II. Containing the Orders Ichthyopterygia and
Sauropterygia. Pp. xxi., 307. 85 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species, including Synonyms.] 1889, 8vo. 7s. 6d,

Part III. Containing the Order Chelonia. Pp. xviii.,
239. 53 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, and
Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species, including
Synonyms.] 1889, 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Part IV. Containing the Orders Anomodontia, Ecaudata,
Caudata, and Labyrinthodontia ; and Supplement.
Pp. xxiii., 295. 66 Woodcuts. [With Systematic
Index, Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species,
including Synonyms, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species to the entire work.] 1890, 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (Natural
History). By Arthur Smith Woodward, LL.D., F.R.S.,
F.G.S., &c. :—

Part I. Containing the Elasmobranchii. Pp. xlvii.,
474. 13 Woodcuts and 17 Plates. [With Alphabetical
Index, and Systematic Index of Genera and Species.]
1889, 8vo. 21s.

Part II. Containing the Elasmobranchii (Acanthodii),
Holocephali, Ichthyodorulites, Ostracodermi, Dipnoi,
and Teleostomi (Crossopterygii and Chondrostean
Actinopterygii). Pp. xliv., 567. 58 Woodcuts and
16 Plates. [With Alphabetical Index, and Systematic
Index of Genera and Species.] 1891, 8vo. 21s.

Part III. Containing the Actinopterygian Teleostomi
of the Orders Chondrostei (concluded), Protospondyli,
Aetheospondyli, and Isospondyli (in part). Pp. xlii.,
544. 45 Woodcuts and 18 Plates. [With Alphabetical
Index, and Systematic Index of Genera and Species.]
1895, 8vo. 21s.

Part IV. Containing the Actinopterygian Teleostomi of
the Suborders Isospondyli (in part), Ostariophysi,
Apodes, Percesoces, Hemibranchii, Acanthopierygii,
and Anacanthini. Pp. xxxix., 636. 22 Wo'odcuts
and 19 Plates. [With Alphabetical Index, and
Systematic Index of Genera and Species.] 1901,
8vo.21s.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 21

Systematic List of the Edwards Collection of British Oligocene
and Eocene Mollusca in the British Museum (Natural
History), with references to the type-specimens from
similar horizons contained in other collections belonging
to the Geological Department of the Museum. By Richard
Bullen Newton, F.G.S. Pp. xxviii., 365. [With table of
Families and Genera, Bibliography, Correlation-table,
Appendix, and Alphabetical Index.] 1891, 8vo. 6s,

Catalogue of Tertiary Mollusca in the Department of Geology,
British Museum (Natural History). Part I. The Austra-
lasian Tertiary Mollusca. By George F. Harris, F.G.S., &c.
Pp. xxvi., 407. 8 Plates. [With Table of Families, Genera,
and Sub-Genera, and Index.] 1897, 8vo. 10s.

Catalogue of the Fossil Cephalopoda in the British Museum
(Natural History) : —

Parti. Containing part of the Suborder Nautiloidea, con-
sisting of the families Orthoceratidse, EndoceratidaB,
Actinoceratidae, Gomphoceratidse, Ascoceratidas,
Poterioceratidae, Cyrtoceratidae, and Supplement. By
Arthur H. Foord, F.G.S. Pp. xxxi., 344. 51 Woodcuts.
[With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of
Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1888,
8vo. 10s. 6d.

Part II. Containing the remainder of the Suborder
Nautiloidea, consisting of the families Lituitidae,
Trochoceratidae, Nautilidae, and Supplement. By
Arthur H. Foord, F.G.S. Pp. xxviii., 407. S6 Wood-
cuts. [With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonyms.]
1891, 8vo. 15s.

Part III. Containing the Bactritidae, and part of the
Suborder Ammonoidea. By Arthur H. Foord, Ph.D.,
F.G.S., and George Charles Crick, A.R.S.M., F.G.S.
Pp. xxxiii., 303. 146 Woodcuts. [With Systematic
Index of Genera and Species, and Alphabetical Index.]
1897, 8vo. 12s. 6d,

List of theTypes and Figured Specimens of Fossil Cephalopoda
in the British Museum (Natural History). By G. C. Crick,
F.G.S. Pp. 103. [With Index.] 1898, 8vo. 2s. 6d.

A Catalogue of British Fossil Crustacea, with their Synonyms
and the Range in Time of each Genus and Order. By
Henry Woodward, F.R.S. Pp. xii., 155. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1877, 8vo. 5s.

22 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE

Catalogue of the Fossil Bryozoa in the Department of
Geology, British Museum (Natural History): —

The Jurassic Bryozoa. By J. W. Gregory, D.Sc, F.G.S.,
F.Z.S. Pp. [viii.,] 239 : 22 Woodcuts and 11 Plates.
[With Ijst of Species and Distribution, Bibliography,
Index, and Explanation of Plates.] 1896, 8vo. 10s.

The Cretaceous Bryozoa. Vol. I. By J. W. Gregory,
D.Sc, F.G.S., F.Z.S. Pp. xiv., 457 : 64 Woodcuts
and 17 Plates. [With Index and Explanation of
Plates.] 1899, 8vo. 16s.

Catalogue of the Blastoidea in the Geological Department of
the British Museum (Natural History), with an account of
the morphology and systematic position of the group, and
a revision of the genera and species. By Robert Etheridge,
juu., of the Department of Geology, British Museum
(Natural Historv), and P. Herbert Carpenter, D.Sc, F.R.S.,
F.L.S. (of Eton College). Pp. xv., 322. 20 Plates. [With
Preface by Dr. H. Woodward, Table of Contents, General
Index, Explanations of the Plates, &c.] 1886, 4to. 25s.

The Genera and Species of Blastoidea, with a List of the
Specimens in the British Museum (Natural History). By
F. A. Bather, M.A., F.G.S., of the Geological Department.
Pp. x., 70. 1 Woodcut. 1899, 8vo. 3s.

Catalogue of the Palasozoic Plants in the Department of
Geology and Palaeontology, British Museum (Natural
History). By Robert Kidston, F.G.S. Pp. viii., 288.
[With a list of works quoted, and an Index.] 1886,
8vo. 5s.

Catalogue of the Mesozoic Plants in the Department of

Geology, British Museum (Natural History). By

A. C. Seward, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., University Lecturer

in Botany and Fellow of Emanuel College, Cambridge : —

Part I. The Wealden Flora. Part I. Thallophyta—

Pteridophyta. Pp. xxxviii., 179. 17 Woodcuts and

11 Plates. [With Alphabetical Index, Explanations

of the Plates, &c.] 1894, 8vo. 10s.

Part II. The Wealden Flora. Part II. Gymnospermse.

Pp. viii., 259. 9 Woodcuts and 20 Plates. [With

Alphabetical Index, Explanations of the Plates, &c.]

1895, 8vo. 15s.

Part III. The Jurassic Flora. Part I. The Yorkshire

Coast. Pp. xii., 341. 53 Woodcuts and 21 Plates.

[With Alphabetical Index, Explanations of the Plates,

&c] 1900, 8vo. 20s.

Part lY. The Jurassic Flora. Part II. Liassic and

Oolitic Floras of England (excluding the Inferior

Oolite Plants of the Yorkshire Coast). Pp. xv., 192.

20 Woodcuts and 13 Plates. [With Alphabetical

Index, Explanations of the Plates, &c.] 1904, 8vo. 10s.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 23

GUIDE-BOOKS, Etc.

A General Guide to the British Museum (Natural History),
Cromwell Road, London, S.W. With 58 Woodcuts, 2
Plans, 2 views of the building, and an illustrated cover.
Pp.119. 1903, 8vo. 36?.

Guide to the Galleries of Mammalia in the Department of
Zoology of the British Museum (Natural History). 7th
Edition. Pp. 126. 65 Woodcuts and 4 Plans. Index.
1902, 8vo. 6d.

Guide to the Gallery of Birds in the Department of Zoology
of the British Museum (Natural History), [By W. R.
Ogilvie Grant.] Pp. iv., 228. 24 Plates, and 7 Illustra-
tions in text. With Index. 1905, Roy. 8vo. 2s. 6d,

Guide to the Shell and Starfish Galleries (Mollusca, Polyzoa,
Brachiopoda, Tunicata, Echinoderma, and Worms),
Department of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History).
New Edition. Pp. iv., 129. 125 Woodcuts, Plan and
Indexes. 1905, 8vo. 6d.

Guide to the Coral Gallery (Protozoa, Porifera or Sponges,
Hydrozoa, and Anthozoa) in the Department of Zoology,
British Museum (Natural History). Pp. [iv.,] 73.
82 Illustrations, Plan, and Index. 1902, 8vo. Is.

A Guide to the Fossil Mammals and Birds in the Department
of Geology and Palaeontology in the British Museum
(Natural History). 8th Edition. [By A. S. Woodward,
LL.D., F.R.S.] Pp. xvi., 100. 6 Plates, 88 Woodcuts.
[With List of Illustrations, Table of Stratified Rocks, and
Index.] 1904, 8vo. 6d.

A Guide to the Fossil Reptiles and Fishes in the Department
of Geology and Palaeontology in the British Museum
(Natural History). [By Henry Woodward, LL.D., F.R.S.]
Pp. xiv., 129 : 165 Woodcuts. [With List of Illustrations,
Table of Stratified Rocks, and Index.] 1896, 8vo. 6d,

A Guide to the Fossil Invertebrates and Plants in the
Department of Geology and Palaeontology in the British
Museum (Natural History). [By Henry Woodward,
LL.D., F.R.S.]

Part I. Mollusca to Bryozoa. Pp. xii., 64. 107 Wood-
cuts. [With List of Illustrations, Table of Stratified
Rocks, and Introduction.] 1897, 8vo. 6c?.

Part II. Insecta to Plants, &c. Pp. ix., 64*-158.
Woodcuts 108-182. [With List of Illustrations and
Index to the two parts.] 1897, 8vo. 6d.

M LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OP THE

Guide to Sowerby's Models of British Fungi in the Depart-
ment of Botany, British Museum (Natural History). By
Worthington G. Smith, F.L.S. Pp. 82. 93 Woodcuts.
With Table of Diagnostic Characters, and Index,
[Second Edition.] 1898, 8vo. id.

Guide to the British Mycetozoa exhibited in the Department
of Botany, British Museum (Natural History). By Arthur
Lister, F.L.S. [Second Edition.] Pp. 42. 44 Woodcuts.
Index. 1903, 8vo. 3^.

A Guide to the Mineral Gallery of the British Museum
(Natural History). [By L. Fletcher, M.A., F.R.S.] Pp. 32.
Plan. 1903, 8vo. le?.

The Student's Index to the Collection of Minerals, British
Museum (Natural History). [By L. Fletcher, M.A., F.R.S.]
Pp. 32. With a Plan of the Mineral Gallery. 1903,
8vo. 2d.

An Introduction to the Study of Minerals, with a Guide to
the Mineral Gallery of the British Museum (Natural
History). By L. Fletcher, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. 123.
41 Woodcuts. With Plan of the Mineral Gallery and
Index. 1903, 8vo. 6d.

An Introduction to the Study of Rocks. By L. Fletcher, M.A.,
F.R.S. Pp. 118. [With plan of the Mineral Gallery, Table
of Contents, and Index.] 1898, 8vo. 6d.

An Introduction to the Study of Meteorites, with a List of the
Meteorites represented in the Collection on January 1st, 1 904.
By L. Fletcher, M.A., F.R.S., &c. Pp. 109. [With a Plan of
the Mineral Gallery, and an Index to the Meteoritep
represented in the Collection.] 1904, 8vo. 6d.

Handbook of Instructions for Collectors, issued by the
British Museum (Natural History). With Illustrations.
Second Edition. Pp.138. Index. ' 1904, 8vo. ls.6d.

Hints on Removing and Preparing Skins of Mammals.
Pp. 11. Text must. [2nd Edition.] 1903, 8vo. 4d.

Instructions for the Preservation of Birds. Pp. 10.
5 figures in text. [3rd Edition.] 1904, 8vo. Sd. "'-

Instructions for Collecting Reptiles, Batrachians, and Fishes.
Pp. 12. [2nd Edition.] 1903, 8vo. id.

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 25

Instructions for Collecting Insects. Pp. 10. Text
illust. [3rd Edition.] 190d, 8vo. ^.

How to Collect Diptera (Two-winged Flies), with Notes
on the Habita of the Perfect Insects and Larvas. Pp. 16.
Text illust. [2nd Edition.] 1903, 8vo. M.

How to Collect Mosquitoes (Culicidae). Pp. 8. 1 Plate,

1 figure in text. [3rd Edition.] 1904, 8vo. M.

Blood-sucking Flies, Ticks, &c., and How to Collect them.
By E. E. Austen. Pp. 21 : 13 figures in text. 1904, 8vo.
4d.

Instructions for Collecting Arachnida, Myriopoda and
Peripatus. Pp. 3. 1900, 8vo. ^d.

Methods of Collecting and Preserving various Soft-
bodied Invertebrate Animals; with Hints for Collecting
and Preserving Shells of Molluscs. Pp. 15. [2nd
Edition.] 1902, 8vo. 4td.

Directions for Collecting and Preserving Plants. Pp. 8.

2 figures in text. [3rd Edition.] 1903, 8vo. 46?.

Suggestions as to Collecting and Preserving Fossils and
Minerals. Pp. 9. [2nd Edition.] 1903, 8vo. id.

E. RAY LANKESTER,

British Museum Director.

(Natural History),
Cromwell Road,

London, S.W.

April 1st, 1905.

LONDON:

1»P LISTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE,
By DARLK^G & SON, Ltd., 34-40, Bacon Street, E.

1905,

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