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l IR GARY

CATALOGUE

OF THE

CONCHIFERA

OR

PevALVE SHEL ES

IN
THE COLLECTION 74“
OF THE

BRITISH MUSEUM.

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PART I.
VENERID#, CYPRINIDE ann GLAUCONOMID.

| LONDON:

PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
1853.

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,

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INTRODUCTION.

THE object of this Catalogue has been to give the Family,
Generic and Specific characters of the different species of
Bivalve Shells, accompanied with their chief Synonyms.
The species in the British Museum are marked with the

letters B.M. on the outer margin.

This part has been prepared by M. Desuayes of Paris,

who is now occupied on the succeeding Families.

JOHN EDWARD GRAY.

June 27, 1853.

Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2008 with funding from
Microsoft Corporation

http://www.archive.org/details/catalogueofconch01 brituoft

}

CATALOGUE

OF

CONCHIFERA

OR

BIVALVE SHELLS.

Class I. CONCHIFERA.

Mollusea subsilientia, Poli, Test. Sicil. 1791.
Moll. acephales Conchyliféres, Lamk. Syst. 136 (1801).
Conchifera, Lamk. Phil. Zool. (1809); Hist. v. 411, ed. 2. vi. 1.
Fleming, Phil. Zool.
Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840, 1842, 72; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 183.
Acephala testacea, part., Cuvier, Tabl. Elem. 1789 ; Anat. Comp.
1800; Dict. Sci. Nat. i. 131, 1804.
Fleming, B.A. 225, 1828.
Acephalés Testacés, part., Lamk. Extr. du Cour. 104 (1812).
Acephalea conchifera, Lamk. Syst. 105, 1801; Phil. Zool. 317,
1809.
Conchophora, Gray, Med. Repos. 1821, 236.
Acephalea, Lamk. Extr. du Cour. 1812; Desh. E.M, iu. 553.
Lamellibranchiata, Blainv.
Acephalia Bivalvia, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815, 146.
oe Testacées Lamellibranches, Rang (1829), Man. Mol.
Dyfi eye
Acephala elaterobranchia, Menke, Syn. 97, 1830; Anton, Verz.
Conch. 12, 1839.
1

2 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Gualtieri (Testacea) Bivalviee (Conche), Scopoli, Introd. Hist.
Nat. 386, 396, 1777.

Bivalves, Megerle, Berl. Mag. 1811.

Endocephala (ex parte), Latr. Fam. Nat. 203, 1825.

Pelecypoda, Goldfuss, Handb. Zool. i. 599.

Therozoa acephala, Hichw. Zool. Spec. i. 277.

Acephalophora (ex parte), Blainv. Prod. 1814; Dict. Ser. Nat.
xxxii.; Malac. 508.

Acephaloda, Fischer.

Elatobranchia, Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 97, 1830.

Elatobranchiata, Menke, Syn. 57, 1828.

Conchifera (Orthoconche et Pleuroconche), D’Orb. Pal. Fran.
Terr. Cret. iii. 1843.

Conchie, Leach, in Ross Voy. Baffin’s Bay, ti. 174, 1819.

Bivalvia, Bonnan. Recreaz. 1681; Major, Doctr. Test. t.10,1675;
Lister, Syn. 1686 ; Hebenstreit. Diss. 17238.

Dithyra, Aristotle; Turton, Bivalves, 1822.

Swainson, Malac. 253, 361, 1840.

Ditoma, Tournef. in Gault. Index, 1742.

Conche (bivalves and multivalves), ddanson, Senegal, 195, 260,
1757. .

Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 11. 645, 1758; ed. 12. 1073, 1767.
Bivalvia (Asiphonida et Siphonida), Flem. B.A. 225, 1828.
Concha, Breyn, Dissert. Polyth. 7, 1732.

Linn. S. Nat. ed. 2, ed. 6. 75, not Klein.

Diconche, Klein, Ostrac. 113, 320, 1753.

Order I. PHYLLOPODA.

Conche (ex parte), Adanson (1757), Voy. au Séné. p. 195.
Linné (1758), Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 645.
Conche (marine et fluviatiles), Lamk. (1809) Phil. Zool. t. i. ;
(1812) Eawir. du Cours; (1818) An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 555.
Conch, Desh. (1830) Ency. Meéth. Vers, t. u. p. 552.
Agassiz (1839), Mém. sur les Moules de Moll. p. 36.
Bivalvia (ex parte), Linné (1767), Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1073.
Lamk. (1799) Prodr. Mém. Soc. d’ Hist. Nat. de Paris, t. i.
Conchiféres tenuipéedes, Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 465.
Conchiféres lamellipédes (ex parte), Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert.
t. v. p. 423.
Conchacea (ex maxima parte), Blainv. (1818) Dict. Sc. Nat.t. x.
p- 216; (1825), Malac. p. 546.
Rang (1839), Man. des Moll. p. 302.
Sowerby (1842), Conch. Man. ed. 2. p. 116. 296.
Reeve (1841), Conch. Syst. t. i. p. 85.
Hanley (1844), Ill. Cat. t. i. p. 89.

BIVALVE SHELLS. : 3
«
Phyllopoda (ex parte), Gray (1821), Lond. Med. Repository ;
(1842), Syn. Brit. Mus. p. 74. 91; (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc.
p. 183.

Synopsis FAMILIE.

Pes compressus. 1. Veneride. 2. Cyprinidae. 3. Glauconomide.
4, Petricolide. 5. Cyrenellade. 6. Corbiculade. 7. Anati-
nellade. 8. Mactrade. 9%. Paphiadz. 10. Tellinide.

Pes subcylindraceus. 11. Cardiade.

Fam. 1. Veneride.

Animal oblongum vel ovatum. Pallium simplex vel in margine
tentaculatum, antice inferneque apertum; trachee ineequales
connexz vel apice disjunctee. Pes triangularis, compressus, ali-
quando byssifer. Labia buccalia parva, triangularia, acuminata.
Branchie magne subquadrangulares, plicatz postice inter se con-
niventes.

Testa liberavel perforans, regularis, clausavel subhians. Dentes
cardinales duo, tres vel quatuor aliquando ; dens lateralis anticus
brevis; impressio pallii aliquando simplex, aliquando postice simu-
osa; ligamentum externum.

Veneride, Leach (1819), Journ. de Phys. t. Ixxxviii. p. 465.
Latreille (1825), Fam. Nat. p. 218.
Fleming (1828), Brit. Anim. p. 409.
Gray (1840), Syn. Brit. Mus. 137, 153; (1842), p. 74, 91;
(1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 183; Ann.& Mag. N. H. (1853)
xi. 36.
Veneracea, Menke (1830), Syn. Méth. Moll. p. 114.
Hinds (1844), Zool. Voy. Sulph. p. 65.
Cythereina, Gray (1838), Analyst, t. viii. p,,302.
Anton (1839), Verz. der Conch. p. 6.
Les Vénus, Férussae (1821), Tab. Syst. p. xliv.
Conques marines, Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 556.
Cytheridee, D’Orb. (1837) Moll. des Canar. p. 106.
Venuside, D’ Orb. (1843) Pal. Fran. Ter. Cret. t. iii. p. 426.
D’Orb. (1852) Cour. Elém. de Pal. t. ii. p. 55.

SyYNopsis GENERUM.

A. Testaorbicularis ; sinus palli obliyuus, triangularis ; trachee
connexe ; pes subquadrangularis. Dosiniana.

\

1. Dosinia. Dente laterali antico.

2, Cyclina. Dentibus lateralibus nullis.
|*

f , BIVALVE SHELLS.

B. Testa ovata, subtrigona; trachea apice libera ; pes lanceolatus.

a. Dente laterali antico ; dentibus cardinalibus triangularibus.
Meretricinia.

* Dentes cardinales, postico sulcato.
3. Meretrix. Testa ovato-subtrigona; sinus pallii brevissimus.

4. Cuneus. Testa subtrigona; pubes profundus; sinus pallu
brevis, ovatus, horizontalis.

5. Trigona. Testa triangularis ; cardo quadridentatus; dens lu-
nularis remotus, sinus palli brevis.

** Dentes cardinales postici leves.

6. Dione. Testa ovato-oblonga ; sinus pallii latus, oblongus, pro-
fundus, horizontalis.

7, Circe. Testa complanata, subcircularis vel ovata; impressio
pallu simplex.

8. Venus. Testa ovato-rotunda, convexa; dens lateralis minimus;
sinus pallii brevis, ovato-trigonus. ‘

b. Dentibus lateralibus nullis. VWenusina.

9. Gemma. Testa transversa, trigona; sinus pallii angustus, pro-
fundissimus, perpendiculariter ascendens.

10. Mercenaria. Testa ovato-transversa ; sinus pallii brevis, tri-
angularis.

11. Anomalocardia. Duo dentes cardinales in valvula sinistra,
tres in altera; sinus pallii nullus aut vix emarginatus.

12. Chione. Testa subrotunda vel subtriangularis ; dentes cardi-
nales duo vel tres; sinus pallii brevis, angustus, triangu-
laris.

c. Testa oblonga, dentibus cardinalibus compressis ; trachea
apice libera ; pes lanceolatus. Tapesina.

13. Tapes. Testa ovato-oblouga, dentibus cardinalibus tribus
divaricatis seu subparallelis; sinus pallii profundus, ob-
longus, horizontalis.

14. Venerupis. Testa oblonga vel subglobosa; dentes cardinales
tres, ineequales, approximati; sinus pallii profundus et
obliquus.

15, Clementia. Testa ovata, tenuis; tres dentes cardinales, la-
mellosi; sinus pallii elongatus, angustus, obliquissimus.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 3

A. Testa orbicularis ; sinus palit ebliquus, triangularis ; trachee
connexe ; pes subquadrangularis. Dosiniana, Gray.

Genus 1. DOSINTIA.

Animal orbiculare, compressum ; pallium in margine plicatum ;
trachez bine connexz apertura simplici terminate ; pes magnus
compressus, subquadrangularis, labiorum appendices anguste,
triangulares, intus profunde striato-lamellose ; branchiz imeequa-
lissimee internee majores subquadratee.

Testa orbicularis, lentiformis, concentrice striata, sub umbones
lunulata; cardine utraque valva tridentato, dente lunulari elon-
gato, compresso ; ligamentum externum partim sub pube con-
ditum; smus palln profundus, obliquus, triangularis, apice acu-
minatus.

Pectunculus, Lister (1686), Syn. Conch.
Concha rotunda, Gualtieri (1742), pl. 76.
Le Dosin, le Cotan (1757), Adans. Seneg. p. 224.
Venus (spec. ), Linné (1758), Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 689.
Circumphalos (ex parte), Klein (1753), Ostrac. p. 146.
Venus, Linné (1767), Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1134.
Miiller (1776), Zool. Dan. Prodr. p. 247.
Born (1780), Mus. Vind. Test. p. 70. 73.
Gronovius (1781), Zooph. Gronov. p. 271.
Schroter (1783), Gmel. 1788, Se.
Artemis, Poli (1791), Test. Ult. Sicil. p. 98. t. 1.
Oken (1815), Lehrb. der Naturg. p. 229.
Blainv. (1825) Malac. subgenus Veneris, p. 556. [t. vi.
Desh.(1830) Encycl. Méth.; (1835)in Lamk. An.s. Vert.ed.2.
Agassiz (1845), Icon. des Coq. Viw. Rep. Ident. p. 16.
Nyst (1846), Coq. Foss. de Belg. p. 183.
Gray (1838), Cat. Cyth. Analyst, t. viii. p. 308.
Cytherea (spec.), Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 572, 573.
Turton (1822), Conch. Brit. p. 162.
Fleming (1828), Brit. Anim. p. 445.
Menke (1830), Syn. Meth. Moll. p. 116, &c.
Macgilliv. (1844) Moll. of Scotl. p. 212, 263.
Dosinia, Scopoli (1777), Intr. ad His!. Nat. p. 399.
Gray (1840), Syn. B. M.; (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 183.
Sowerby (1842), Conch. Man. yp. 141.
Desh. (1849) Traité Elem. p. 610.
Orbiculus a, Megerle (1811), Mag. fur die neust. Entdeck, p. 58.
Exoleta, Brown (1827), Conch. Text-book,
Asa, Leach (1819), MSS.
Venus 8, Schumacher (1817), Essai d’un Nouv. Syst. p. 152.
Arctoe, Risso (1826), Eur. Mérid. t. iv. p. 362.
Lucina (spec.), Lamk, (1818) An. s. Vert, t. v. p. 543. no, 13.

6 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Synopsis SPECIERUM.

I. Margine dorsali integro.

a. Strie simplices, 1-18.

b. Strie ad latera scabre vel lamellosea, 19=30.
II. Margine dorsali cireumscripto.

a. Area dorsali in medio prominente, 31-36.

b. Area dorsali depressa, plana, 37-51.

c. Area dorsali excavata, 52-85.

I. Margine dorsali integro.
a. Strie simplices.

1. Dosin1A CONCENTRICA. B.M.
D. testa transversé ovata, latiore quam alta, compressa, posticé
subproducta, concentricé creberrimé inciso-suleata, sulcis vix
profundis, area ligamenti simplici, lunula cordata; alba, epi-
dermide straminea induta.
Pectunculus fasciatus, Lister, Conch. pi. 288. f. 124.
Favanne, Conch. pl. 48. f. F, 3?
Venus, no. 31, Schrét. inl. t. ii. p. 165, exel. plur. syn.
Venus concentrica, Born, Mus. Test. p.71. pl. 5. f. 5.
Chemn. Conch. t. vii. p. 10. pl. 37. f. 392.
Gmel. p. 3286. no. 32, excl. plur. syn.
Dillw. Cat. t. i. p. 196.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 84.
Diconcha umbilicata, Klein, Ostrac. p. 147. no. 14.
Tellina lentiformis, Gronov. Zoophy!. p. 264. no. 114.
Cytherea concentrica, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 573.
Desh. Ency. Méth. Vers, t. ii. p. 58. no. 21; in Lamk. An.
s. Vert. t. vi. p. 316. no. 50.
De Kay, Zool. de New York, t. v. p. 216.
Artemis concentrica, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Analyst, t. vii. p. 309.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 2. f. 8.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 5. no. 6.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 655. no. 1. pl. 140. f. 1.
Conrad, Cat. of Shells in Tampa Bay, Siiliman’s Journ.
ser. 2. p. 393.

Hab. America centralis, loco Tampa Bay dicto.

2. DosINIA SEMIOBLITERATA.

D. testa orbiculari, paulo altiore quam lata, subaquilaterali, len-
ticulari, depressiuscula, albo-lutescenti, zonulis transversalibus
imequidistantibus translucidis notata, transversim suleata, sul-
cis planis, latis, in medio obsoletis obliteratis; umbonibus acutis
prominentibus subrectis; lunula elongata, acuminata, vix de-
pressa, leevigata, per longitudinem concava; valvis intus albis ;

a

a

BIVALVE SHELLS. ‘

impressionibus musculorum magnis ovato-semilunaribus; sinu
pallii interne posito, brevi, triangulari, apice acuto, subzequi-
laterali.

Hab. Australia (Strange). Coll. Cuming.

3. DoSINIA DISTANS.

D. testa crassa, ventricosa, posticé expansa, alba, epidermide
pallide straminea induta, concentricé distanter sulcata, sulcis
ad latera profundis, paucioribus; margine dorsali elevato ;
latere antico parvo; lunula excavata, impressa.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 656. no. 2. pl. 140. f. 3.
Hab. ——?

4. DosINIA AFFINIS.

D. testa orbiculato-subquadrata, lenticulari, maequilaterali, de-
pressa, nitidissima, crassa, solida, concentricé et regulariter sul-
cata, sulcis depressis, convexis, posticé minus numerosis; latere
antico brevi, parumper angustato, obtuso, rotundato ; postico
multd latiore, subtruncato, superiore inferiori subparallelo ;
umbonibus minimis, obliqué divaricatis; lunula peroblique
descendens, parva, levigata, impressa, plana; sinu pallu pro-
fundo, apice acuto, basi lato, subaquilaterali; impressione mus-
culari antica angusta, margine interiore rectilineo, impressione
postica semilunari, superné vix lobata.

Hab. ——? Coll. Cuming.

5. DosINIA PONDEROSA. B.M.

D. testa suborbiculari, compressiuscula, paululum latiore quam
alta, concentricé sulcata, sulcis medio feré obsoletis, area liga-
menti simplici; lunula oblongo-cordata, concayo-impressa ;
lactea, epidermide tenui, cornea, nitente induta.

Artemis ponderosa, Gray, Analyst (1838), vol. viii. 309.

Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 4.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 109. pl. 19. f. 38.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 656. no. 3. pl. 140. f. 2.

Cytherea gigantea, Sow. in Litt.

Artemis gigantea, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyther. p. 33. pl. 7. f. 1.
p: Jeno. 7.

Venus Cycloides, D’Orb. Voy. au Amer. Moll. p. 562.

Hab. California.

6. DosINIA NOBILIS.

D.testa orbiculari, depressa, ineequilaterali, magis alta quam latior,
alba, sub epidermide tenui, pallidefiavescente nitidissima, elegan-

§ BIVALVE SHELLS,

ter concentricé suleata, sulcis tenuibus regularibus convexis,
anticé posticeéque multo tenuioribus ; umbonibus parvis acumi-
natis approximatis, apice purpureis ; lunula elongata, angusta,
elongato-cordata, irregulariter striato-lamellosa, profundé im-
pressa, in medio prominenti; sinu pallii angusto, apice acuto,
horizontali.

Hab. Sinus Moretoni, Australia. Coll. Cuming.

7. DOSINIA NITENS.

D. testa suborbieulari, compressa, aliquando latiore quam alta,
concentricé inciso-sulcata, liris intermediis, appressis, area liga-
menti simplici, lunula cordata, alba, epidermide tenui, cornea,
nitente induta.

Artemis nitens, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 3. f. 12.

Sow. jun, Thes. Conch. p. 656. no. 4. pl. 140. f. 11.

Hab. 2

8. Dostnta GRata, Desh. MSS. B.M.

D. testa orbiculari, lenticulari, inequilaterali, tenui, fragili, in
medio convexiuseula, squalidé alba, lamellis tenuibus regula-
ribus erectis concentricé cincta; posticé attenuatis ; umbonibus
minimis, brevibus, obliquis ; lunula ovato-acuminata, impressa,
in medio carinata ; area ligamenti angusta, vix depressa ; valvis
intus pallidé flavis; sinu pallii maximo, triangulari, profundo,
basi lato, apice obtuso.

Hab, Terra Vandiemenensis.

9. Dostin1taA DuNKERI. B.M.

D. testa subtrigono-orbiculari, undique regulariter eoncentricé
suleata, area ligamenti simplici, lunula suboblongo-oyata,
parum impressa ; alba, nitente.

Artemis Dunkeri, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 4. no. 5. pl. 2.4.9.

Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 6. f. 34.

Adams et Reeve, Voy. Samarang, p.78. pl. 21. f. 17.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 657. no. 7. pl. 140. f. 5.
Adams, Panama Shells, p. 274. no. 448.

Hab. America centralis, in litore Panamensi, Mazatlanico.

10. Dosinta crocea, Desh. MSS. B.M.

D. testa orbiculari, lenticulari, equilateral, candida, concentric
lamelloso-striata, lamellis numerosis, regularibus, versus umbo-

BIVALVE SHELLS, st)

nes reflexis, in margine irregulariter denticulatis ; umbonibus
parvis obliquis, levigatis, rufescentibus ; lunula ovato-angusta,
acuminata, impressa, rufo-rubra ; area nulla; iigamento partim
immerso, aree marginibus fuscis; valvis mtus pulcherrime
croceis, sinu pallii maximo superné rectilineo et horizontal.

Hab, Ynsula Flinders dicta.

11. Dosintia SIMPLEX.

D. testa longitudinaliter ovata, multo altiore quam lata, concen-
tricé striata, striis medio subobsoletis, ad latera profundiorbus ;
lunula cblongo-ovata, concavo-impressa ; lactea nitente.

Artemis simplex, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1845), p. 1).
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 10. f. 9, Artemis.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. Append. pl. 19. f. 41.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 657. no. 8. pl. 140. f. 6.

Hab. —— ?

12. Dosinta PATAGONICA. B.M.

D. testa suborbiculari, parum compressa, concentricé sulcata, linis
ad latera vix paucioribus, area ligamenti simplici, lunula sub-
ampla; alba. :

Artemis patagonica, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 7. f. 40.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 657. pl. 140. f. 8.
Venus Philippii, D’Orb. Voy. au Amer. Moll. p. 553. no. 569.
Cytherea (Artemis) Patagonica, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p.2. no. 1.
plez- fl.

Hab. Mare Antillarum Brasiliensium.

13. DosINIA INCISA.

D. testa orbiculari, convexo-compressa, undique conspicue con-
centricé inciso-sulcata, liris imtermediis regularibus, appressis,
ad latera subacutis, area ligamenti simplici, lunula oblongo-
cordata, impressa; nitidé alba.

Artemis incisa, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 3. f. 16.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 656. no, 5.

Hab. Australia septentrionalis.

14. DosInIA cCIRCINARIA, Desh. B.M.

D. testa orbiculari, lenticular, depressa, tenui, subzequilaterali,
candida, sulecis tenuibus, obtusis, aliquantisper meequalibus
circinata; umbonibus parvis, vix prominentibus, levigatis ;

lunula parva, cordiformi, impressa, in medio promimente ;
[**

10 BIVALVE SHELLS.

sinu pallii profundo, lato, apice obtuso; area nulla, ligamento
partim immerso.

Hab. ?

15. DostnIA CONCINNA.

D. testa ovali, alba, concentricé tenué striata, latiore quam alta,
epidermide tenui nitente. (Sow.)

Artemis concinna, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 657. pl. 140. f. 4.
Hab. ——?

16. Dosin1ta consoBrina, Desh. MSS. B.M.

D. testa rotundato-lenticulari, valdé inzequilaterali, convexiuscula,
concentricé minuté striata, griseo-flava; latere antico brevi ob-
tuso; umbonibus parvis acuminatis, obliquis, vix prominen-
tibus ; lunula ovato-cordata, impressa, plana, ligamento im-
merso; valvis intus albis, sinu pall angusto, obliquo, profun-
dissimo, apice obtuso.

Hab. Caput Bone Spei.

D. isocardiz affinis, sed magis compressa, umbonibus minori-
bus ; lunula multo magis impressa ; valyis semper intis candidis,
denique sinu pallu profundiore atque angustiore.

17. DostnIA pDIscus. B.M.

1). testa tenuicula, transversé ovata, posticé subquadrata, latiore
quam alta, valdé compressa, concentricé subtilissimé inciso-
striata, liris intermediis ad latera subobsoletis numero decres-
centibus, area ligamenti simplici, lunula rotundato-cordata ;
albida, fasciis pallidé ferrugineis, interdum autem obscuré
tincta, epidermide tenui cornea induta.

Artemis discus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. no. 9. pl. 2. fig. 9.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 657. no. 10. pl..140,4, 9;

Hab. Carolina meridionalis.

18. DosINIA PLANA.

D. testa orbiculari, superné subacuminata, pecuhariter plano-
compressa, concentricé subtilissimé seu creberrimé striata, striis
medio plus minusve obsoletis, area ligamenti simplici; lunula
oblongo-cordata, umbonibus parvis; alba, epidermide cornea
tenuissima marginem versus induta.

Artemis plana, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 3. f. 18.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 658. no. 11. pl. 140. f. 10.
Hab. China.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 1]

b. Strie ad latera scabre vel lamellose.

19. DosIn1a SCULPTA.

D. testa suborbiculari, vix latiore quam alta, tumidiuscula, con-
centricé creberrimé striato-lirata, liris stris radiantibus subun-
dulatis ad latera decussatis, area ligamenti simplici, lumula
oblongo-cordata, subampla; sordide alba.

Artemis sculpta, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1845), p. 11.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 2.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. App. pl. 19. f. 42.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 659. no. 14. pl. 141. f. 15.

Hab. Sinus Moretoni (Strange), Nova Hollandia.

20. DosINIA EXOLETA. B.M.

D. testa orbiculari, subzquilaterali, albida vel fuscescente, ma-
culis lineisque rufis picta; striis concentricis subdetritis ; area
cordata, impressa, sublamellosa.

Pectunculus densé fasciatus, Lister, Conch. pl. 291. f. 127. et
pls 292. £. 128.
Gault. Ind. Test. pl. 75. f. F.
Le Cotan, Adans. Seneg. pl. 16. f. 4.
Venus exoleta, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1134.
Gmel. p. 3284. no. 75.
Pennant, Brit. Zool. t. iv. p. 94. pl. 54. f. 49 A.
Born, Mus. pl. 5. f. 9.
Chemn. Conch. t. vii. p. 18. pl. 38. f. 404.
Schrot. Einl. t. iii. p. 142.
Donovan, Brit. Shells, t. 1. pl. 42. f. 1.
Montagu, Test. Brit. p. 116.
Maton et Rack. Linn. Trans. t. vii. p. 87. pl. 3. f. 1.
Dorset Cat. p. 35. pl. 8. f. 5.
Dillw. Cat. t. i. p. 195.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl.-8. f. 83.
Blainv. Malac. pl. 74. f. 2.
Gray, Griff. Anim. Kingd. pl. 36. f. 12.
Philippi, Abbild. Conch. t. 1. p. 171.
Forbes, Malac. Monensis, p. 51.
Brown, Ill. Conch. Gr. Brit. p. 92. pl. 36. f. 1, 3.
Forbes §; Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. t.1. p. 428. pl. 23. f.3,
Pectunculus capillaceus, Da Costa, Conch. Brit. p.187. a
Cytherea exoleta, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. t, VL. p. 314.
Turton, Dithyra Brit. p. 162. pl. 8. f. 7.
Payraud, Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 47. no. 78.
Philippi, Enum. Moll. Sieil. t.i. p. 41. f. 2. p. 32.
Hanley, Recent Shells, p. 102.

12 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cytherea sinuata, Turton, Dithyra Brit. pl. 10. f. 10, 11 (not
description). '
Artemis exoleta, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Analyst, t. viii. p. 309.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 658. no. 12. pl. 141. f. 12-14.
Dosinia exoleta, Desh. Tr. Elem. de Conch. p. 619. pl. 20. f. 9,
10, 11.
Hab. Oceanus Europeanus, mare Mediterraneum et Senegalense.
Fossilis Venus lentiformis, Sow. Min. Conch. pl. 203, voeata
Crag Anglie.

21. Dostnia RADIATA.

D. testa orbiculari, posticé subflexuoso-contorta, eoncentricé
erebrilirata, liris subirregularibus, scabriusculis, area ligamenti
simplici, lunula suboblongo-cordata, impressa, albida, fulvo-
rosaceo radiata.

Artemis radiata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 7. f. 37.

Hab. Sinus Gambiensis.

22. DosINIA DILATATA. B.M.

D. testa orbiculari, equilaterali, margine dorsali feré rectilineo,
alba fulyo radiata; striis transversis elevatis, scabris; lunula
cordata, impressa cardine ut in Dosinia exoleta (Chemn.).

Venus exoleta equilateralis, Chemn. Conch. t. vii. p. 22. pl. 38.
f. 406.

Cytherea (Artemis) dilatata, Philip. Abbild. Conch. p. 6. no. 13.

An Art. Amphidesmoides? Reeve.

Hab. India occidentalis.

23. DosINIA AMPHIDESMOIDES.

D. testa suborbiculari, concentricé elevato-striata ; striis ad latera
convergentibus, paucioribus, area ligamenti simplici, lunula
cordata, subimpressa; alba aut rubida, obscuré roseo-radiata,
circa umbones violaceo-roseis.

Artemis amphidesmoides, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Artemis, pl. 38,
f. 48.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 659. no. 15. pl. 141. £. 17-19.

Hab, Ynsula Burias Philippmarum.

24. DosINIA LINCTA. B.M.

D. testa orbiculari, tumida, imzequilaterali, albida immaculata,
nitida, concentricé striata; striis tenuissimis, confertis, regu-
laribus, levibus, anticé posticéque angustioribus, lamellseformi-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 13

bus; lunula impressa, ovato-acuta, scutiformi, striata; sinu
pallii angusto, apice acuto, vix obliquo ; area ligamenti angusta,
V1x excavata.

Pectunculus, Lister, Conch. p. 290. f. 126.
Venus lincta, Pulteney Hutch. Dorset, p. 34.
Venus exoleta, Pennant, Brit. Zool. t. iv. p. 93. pl. 59. f. 1.
Venus exoleta, var., Mat. et Rack. Linn. Trans. t. viii. p. 87. pl. 3.
fe2. ‘
Veuus sinuata,. Turton, Conch, Dict. p. 242.
Cytherea lineta, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. Desh. t. vi. p. 315.
Fleming, Brit. An. p. 445.
Macgill. Moll. Aberd. p. 262.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 84.
Cytherea sinuata, Turton, Dithyra Brit. p. 163 (exclus. var. et
figura).
Philippi, Abbild. Conch. t. i. p. 171.
Gray, Cat. Cyth. Analyst, t. vii. p. 309.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 2.
Forbes and Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. t. i. p. 431. pl. 28.
fe OS
Loven, Ind. Moll. Scand. p. 39. no. 284.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 658. no. 13. pl. 141. f. 16.
Dosinia lincta, Gray, List Brit. Moll. B.M. 4.
Desh. Traité Elem. i. p. 621. pl. 20. f. 12, 13.

Hab, Oceanus Europanus, mare Mediterraneum,

25. DosINIA TURGIDA.

D. testa suborbiculari, subrugosa, tenuicula, tumida, concentricé
minutissimé striata, area ligamenti subappressa, lunula cordata,
superficiaria; ferrugineo-alba, lineis rufescentibus radiantibus
interruptis obscure penicillata.

Artemis turgida, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 3.

Artemis tenuis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 661. pl. 141. f. 22.

Hab. America centralis (Sale).

26. DosINIA GLAUCA.

D. testa transversé ovata, latiore quam alta compressiuscula,
concentricé striata, strus medio superficiariis, ad latera acute
et tenuissimé liratis, liris obtusé serratis; area ligamenti vix
lanceolata excavata; lunula cordata, impressa ; glauco-albida.

Artemis glauca, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 10. f. 8,
Hab, Insula Zebu Philippmarum.

14 BIVALVE SHELLS.

27. DosInIA NANUS.

D. testa orbiculari, subcordata, gibbosiuscula, concentrice lirata,
liris acutis, subdistantibus, area ligamenti simplici, lunula per-
ampla, superficiaria, sordidé alba.

Artemis nanus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Artemis, pl. 10. f. 97.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 660. pl. 141. f. 31.

Hab. 2

28. DosINIA ISOCARDIA.

D. testa cordato-ovata, altiore quam lata, solidiuscula, gibbosa,
concentricé acuté striata, striis subirregularibus, area ligamenti
excavata, lunula cordata, subampla, parum concava, impressa ;
glauca, violaceo tincta.

Artemis isoeardia, Dunker, Zeitschr. f. Malac. (1845), p. 167.

Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 36. no. 5. pl. 8. f. 5.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. Artemis, pl. 1. f. 1.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 660. pl. 141. f. 29, 30.

Hab. Guinea, littus Senegalense.

29. DosINIA SUBTRIGONA.

D. testa albida, tenui, subtrigona, tenué et confertim elevatiore
striata; area ligamenti paululum depressa; lunula magna,
leevigata, vix distincta (Sow.).

Artemis subtrigona, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch, p. 660. no. 17. pl. 141.
T.. 2).

Hab. ——?

30. DosinIA TRIGONA.

D. testa trigono-ovata, crassiuscula, concentricé subirregulariter
rugoso-striata, area ligamenti parviuscula, simplici, lunula per-
ampla, superficiaria, feré obsoleta; albida, ferrugimeo tincta,
lunula czerulescente albo-nitente.

Artemis trigona, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 7. f. 42.
Sow. jun, Thes. Conch. p. 659. pl. 141. f. 29.
Cytherea trigona, Sow, jun. Thes. Conch. p. 633. pl. 133. f. 120.

Hab. Mare Rubrum.

II. Margine dorsali circumscripto.
a. Area dorsali in medio prominente.
31. Dosinia ALATA.
D. testa suborbiculari, superne attenuata, aliquando altiore quam

BIVALVE SHELLS. 15

lata, compresso-plana, posticé peculiariter sulcata, deindé alata,
concentricé subtilissimé inciso-striata, sublevigata; alba, epi-
dermide tenuissima marginem versus induta.
Artemis alata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 4. f. 20.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 672. pl. 144. f. 73.

Hab. 2

32. DosINIA PUBESCENS. ~ BM.

D. testa subquadrato-orbiculari, lactea, striis transversis confertis,
versus utramque extremitatem paucioribus et lamellaribus
sculpta; lunula cordata, compressa, linea profundissima circum-
scripta; area lineari-lanceolata, lamellarum extremitatibus spi-
neformibus cmeta; ligamento conspicuo, iterum lamellis spine-
formibus cireumdato.

Cytherea pubescens, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 36. no. 3. pl. 8. f. 3.
Artemis pubescens, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 672. pl. 144. f. 72.

Hab. Nova Hollandia atque littus Madagascariense.

33. DosINIA STRIATISSIMA.

D. testa subrotundata, alba, radiatim minutissimé striata, con-
centricé costellata; costellis parvis, subdistantibus; margine
dorsali linea impressa aream elevatam cireumscribente, lunula
fasciolata, margine profundé impresso (Sow. jun.).

Artemis striatissima, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 673. pl. 144.
f. 71, 84.

Hab. ——?

34. DosINIA LUCINALIS.

D. testa lenticulari, subeequilaterali, anterius angulata, albido-vio-
lacea; natibus rutis; striis concentricis elevatis; ano linea
impressa cireumscripto.

Cytherea lucinalis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. no. 45.

Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. 2 ed. t. vi. p. 314. no. 45.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 9. f. 2.
Artemis lucinalis, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 6. no. 14.

Hab. Insula St. Thomas dicta.

30. DOSINIA TUMIDA. B.M.

D. testa suborbiculari, tumidula, candida, latiore quam alta, ad
umbones subtilissime striata, deinde sulcata et lamellata, la-
mellis binis, acutis, umbones versus inclinatis, ad latera pauci-
oribus, elevatis membranaceis ; area ligamenti subexcavata,
lunula oblongo-cordata, plana, leevigata, excavata.

16 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Artemis tumida, Gray, Anal. t. viii. p. 309.
Hanley, Sp. of Shells, p. 107.
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 110. no. Le
Artemis lamellata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 3. f. 13.
Sow. jun. Conch. Ill. p. 671. pl. 143. f. 65.
Var. 8. Artemis duplicata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 8. f. 46.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 671. pl. 143. f. 67.

Hab. Littus septentrionalis Nove Hollandiz.

36. DosINIA RETICULATA.

D. testa orbiculari, compresso-convexa, crassa, albida, subzequi-
laterali; lamellis concentricis regularibus ; interstitiis longitu-
dinaliter, regulariter et crebré striatis; lunula ovato-cordata,
medio gibba; area elongata, medio convexa ; ligamento serhi-
externo ; marginibus valvarum integerrimis.

Artemis reticulata, Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1844, p. 299.
Hab. ——?

b. Area dorsali depressa, plana.

37. DosINIA PENICILLATA.

D. testa subquadrato-orbiculari, tenuicula, compressa, concentrice
subtiliter et creberrimé striata, area ligamenti vix excavata,
lunula oblongo-cordata, subobsoleta ; carneo-albida lineis te-
nuibus nigricantibus mterruptis, margimem versus peculiariter
radiata,

Artemis penicillata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 6. f. 32.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 668, pl. 41. f. 28.

Hab. ——?

38. DosINIA ANGULOSA. B.M.

D. testa subquadratc-orbiculari, valdé inequaliterali, valde com-
pressa, alba, confertissimé transversim striata; striis anticé et
posticé paucioribus, lamellaribus; area distincta, lineari-lanceo-
lata, leeviuscula; lunula cordato-lanceolata, plana.

Artemis angulosa, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. ol. pl. Gils

Artemis longilunata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 10. f. 612

Artemis angulosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p- 662. pl. 4]. f. 26.

Artemis penicillata var., Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 6. f. 36.

Hab. Malacea Philippinarum atque littus Chiliense.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 17

39. DosINIA FERRUGINEA.

D. testa subobliqué orbiculari, solidiuscula, compressa, concen-
tricé regulariter tenuistriata, area ligamenti subexcavata, lunula
oblongo-cordata, impressa ; carneo-albida, circa umbones fer-
rugineo-rufa, apicibus albis.

Artemis ferrugmea, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. i0. f. 96.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 663. pl. 142. f. 34.
Hab. 2

40. DosINIA LUPINUS. B.M.

D. testa suborbiculari, obliqua, compressa, alba, nitida, concen-
tricé tenuissimé striata; striis regularibus, obtusis; lunula
impressa, ovato-Janceolata, in medio prominula; pallii sinu
angusto, subtransverso, prelongo, apice obtuso.

Pectunculus, Lister, Conch. pl. 289. f. 125.

Venus lupinus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 689. no. 128.

Poli, Test. Utr. Sie. pl. 21. f. 8.

Venus exoleta, var. 8, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1134. no. 142.

Venus sinuata, var. y, Gmel. p. 3285.

Venus exoleta, var. 8, Gmel. p. 3284.

var. junior, Dillw. Cat. t. 1. p. 196, exclus. plur. syn.
Cytherea lunaris, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. vi. p. 314. no. 46.
Payraud, Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 48. no. 80.

Cytherea lincta (ex parte), Philippi, Enum. Moll. Sicil.t.i. p. 41.

Artemis lupus, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Analyst, t. vii. p. 309.

Artemis lunaris, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 50.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 663. pl. 42. f. 33.

Artemis modesta, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 54.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 663. pl. 142. f. 37.

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum.
41. Dostnta AFRICANA. B.M.

D. testa suborbiculari, umbones versus subattenuata, compresso-
convexa, concentricé tenuistriata, striis ad latera subelevatio-
ribus, area ligamenti conspicué lanceolato-excavata, lunula
cordata, subprofundé impressa; fuscescenti-alba, umbones
versus pellucido-carneo tincta, intus sepe fusco-rubente.

Artemis Africana, Hanley, Desc. Cat. p. 106; in Wood, Suppl.
pl. 15. f. 40.

Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 27.
Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. vin. p. 309.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 666. pl. 142. f. 48.

Cytherea Adansoni, Philippi, Abbild. Conch. pl. 2. f. 2.
Hab. Mare Senegalense.

18 BIVALVE SHELLS.

42. DosINIA RUBICUNDA.

D. testa parva, orbiculari, aurantio-nitente, tenuissimé striata,
fere levi; area distincta nulla ; Iunula convexa, cordata, lineola
impressa, parum conspicua, zgré circumscripta.

Artemis rubicunda, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 32. pl. 6. f. 9.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 664. pl. 142. f. 40, 41.

Hab. Mare Rubrum.

43. DosINIA HEPATICA.

D. testa subquadrato-orbiculari, tenuicula, compressa, concen-
tricé tenuissime striata, sub lente striis tenuissimis radiantibus
impressa, area ligamenti simplici, lunula subelongato-cordata
superficiaria, vix nulla, livido-cerulescente ; umbonibus pallidé
rufescentibus aut flavidis, intus violacea.

Cytherea hepatica, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 572.

Desh. in Lamk. 2 ed. An. s. Vert. t. vi. p. 314. no. 44.

Delessert, Rec. de Coq. pl. 9. f. 8.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 101; in Wood, Sup. pl. 13. f. 33.
Artemis hepatica, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 4. no. 3. pl. 2.

f. 3.

Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 7.

Krauss, Sudafrika Moll. p. 10. no. 3.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 663. pl. 142. f. 35, 36.

Hab. Australia (Lamk.); Caput Bonz Spei (Krauss).

44. DosINIA LUCINOIDES.

D. testa subquadrato-orbiculari, medio tumida, posticé subcon-
tracta, concentricé subtilissimé et creberrimé striata, striis ad
latera vix paucioribus, area ligamenti lanceolato-excavata, lu-
nula cordata, impressa ; sordidé alba.

Artemis lucinoides, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 8. f. 49.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 664. pl. 142. f. 39.

Hab. Insule Moluccarum (Reeve); Guinea (Sow.).

45. DosINIA SOLIDULA.

D. testa alba, solida, concentricé striata ; area dorsali depressa,
subexeavata, declivi; lunula distineta, convexa. (Sow. jun.)

Artemis solidula, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 664. pl. 142. f. 38.
Hab. ?

‘BIVALVE SHELLS. 19

46. DosINIA C4IRULEA.

D. testa orbiculari, medio convexo-tumida, posticé subangulata,
crassa, concentricé subtiliter elevato-striata, area ligamenti
sublaté excavata, lunula cordata; albida, umbones versus ro-
saceo et czeruleo tincta.

Artemis cerulea, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 4. f. 25.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 664. pl. 142. f. 43, 44.

Hab. Fretum Torres dictum.

47. DoSINIA SERICEA.

D. testa transverse ovata, latiore quam alta, concentricé tenuissimeé
striata, area ligamenti simplici, subplanata, lunula cordata,
subampla ; flavicante alba, umbones versus carneo tincta.

Artemis sericea, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 8. f. 36.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 665. pl. 142. f. 42.

Hab. Mare Japonicum.

48. DosInia ALTA.

D. testa orbiculari, albida ad umbones rubescente, subcompressa,
nitida, concentricé tenuiterque striata, striis nonnullis obsoletis
ab umbonibus radiantibus instructa ; area impressa lineari-lan-
ceolata, striata; lunula cordiformi, linea profunda terminata ;
umbonibus parvulis ; colore intus albido circa impressionem
palliarem rubente.

Artemis alta, Dunker, Zeits. fiir Malak. (1848), p. 184. no. 16.
Hab. Mare Rubrum.

Testa notabilis, altior quam lata, radiatim ab umbonibus striata.
Dosinia Africanz proxima; lunula striata et margine postico
subangulato distincta.

49. DosINIA POLITA, Desh. B.M.

D. testa rotundato-lenticulari, imeequilaterali, convexiuscula, can-
didissima, polita, nitida, sub lente tenuissimé striata, striis obso-
letis ad apices evanescentibus ; umbonibus parvis, obliquis, vix
prominentibus; lunula minima, ovato-acuminata,impressa; area
angusta, lanceolata in medio vix depressa ; sinu pallii magno,
trigono, profundo, superné rectilineo in medio valvz imposito.

Hab. Littus Gambiense.

D. Africanz affinis, sed striz minores valve tenuiores, lunula
minore, angustiore, valvis intus albis seu roseo-purpureis, sinu
pallii minus obliquo, basi latiore.

20 BIVALVE SHELLS.

50. DosInIA BILUNULATA. B.M.

D. testa subtrigono-orbiculari, superné attenuata, compresso-
planata, concentricé tenuissimé striata, striis ad latera subpro-
minentioribus, in squamis lamell«formibus terminatis, ad latus
anticum ante marginem lunulam secundam formantibus; area
ligamenti latissima, excavata, levigata; lunula prima cordata,
subprofundé impressa, secunda oblongo-cordata, multo majore;
alba, radiis pallidé roseis interruptis concimné picta.

Artemis bilunulata, Hanley, Desc. Cat. p- 106; in Wood, Sup.
pl. 19. f. 44.
Gray, Anal. 1838, t. viii. p. 309.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 4. f. 22.
Artemis bilunata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 670. pl. 143. f. 66.

Hab. Mare Japonicum.

Sinus pallii triangularis, brevis, apice acutissimus, subzequi-
lateralis.

51. Dosinra CumtInet.

D. testa vix orbiculari, posticé conspicué angulato-producta et
truncata, concentricé subtilissimé et creberrimé striata ; striis ad
latera convergentibus, extremitatibus per marginem posticum
squamato-laminatis ; area ligamenti perampla, lata, partm ex-
cavata; lunula cordata, impressa; albida, ferrugimeo-fusco
eximié tincta et radiata.

Artemis Cumingii, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 30.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 670. pl. 143. f. 64.

Hab. Insula Zebu Philippinarum.

ec. Area dorsali excavata.

52. DosINIa EXASPERATA. B.M.

D. testa subquadrato-orbicalari, lactea, concentricd irregulariter
sulcata, liris subundatis, hic illic convergentibus, ad latera promi-
nentioribus, interruptis et corrugatis, ad marginem conspicué
squamato-lamellatis, erectis ; area ligamenti laté excaveta, le-
vigata; lunula cordata, linea profundé impressa circumscripta.

Cytherea (Artemis) exasperata, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyther. p. 36.
no. 4. pl. 8. f. 4.

Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 4. f. 21.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 670. pl. 143. £. 62?

Hab, India orientalis, sinus Manille, insule Philippine.

é BIVALVE SHELLS. ' i

53. Dosinta SIEBOLDII.

D. testa orbiculari, convexa, concentricé subtiliter et creberrimé
lirata, liris ad latera, preecipueé ad posticum multo paucioribus,
divaricatis et corrugatis, squamarum grandium serie unica per
margimem posticum; area ligamenti latiuscula, vix excavata ;
lunula cordata ; ferrugimeo-spadiceo subobscuré fasciata.

Artemis Sieboldi, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 7. f. 39.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 669. pl. 143. f. 57.

Hab. Mare Japonicum.

54. DosINIA TENUILAMELLATA.

D. testa subovali compressa, alba, tenui, lamellis duplicatis tenu-
issimis, acutis, concentricis, ornata, ad latera productioribus,
lunula brevi impressa in medio elatiore. (Sow. jun.)

Artemis tenuilamellata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 671. pl. 143.
f. 68.

Hab. ——?

55. DosinIA EXCISA. B.M. 2

D. testa subtrigono-orbiculani, albida, crassiuscula, concentricé
“rugoso-striata; area ligamenti profundé excavata; lunula
‘ampla, obsoleta.

Venus excisa, Chemn. Conch. t. vii. p. 17. pl. 38. f. 400, 401.
Artemis excisa, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 6. no. 4. pl. 2.f. 4?
Gray, Cat. Cyth. Analyst, vii. p. 308.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 7. f. 43.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 671. pl. 143. f. 69?
Cyth immaculata? Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. p. 313? an eadem
species ?
Hab. Insule Nicobarice, Tranquebar (Chemnitz).

56. DosiNIA PROSTRATA. B.M.

D. testa quadrato-orbiculari, depressa, alba, concentricé striata ;
striis ad latera irregulariter convergentibus et corrugatis, in
margine arez et lunul lamellaribus et squamatis ; area liga-
menti subexcavata ; lunula elongato-cordata ; dentibus cardina-
libus quatuor, lateralibus divaricatis.

Venus prostrata, Linn, Syst. Nat.ed. 10. p. 688. no. 117 ; ed. 12.
p- 1133.
Linn. Mus. Ulr. p. 504. no. 66.
Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p. 302. pl. 29. f. 298 ?
Encyclop. pl. 277. f. i.

22 BIVALVE SHELLS.
Cytherea prostrata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 573. no. 50?
“Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. t. vi. p. 317. no. 50?
Artemis prostrata, Gray, Anal, 1838, t. viii. p. 309 ?
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 4. f. 23.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 674. pl. 144. f. 80.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 7. no. 17?
Artemis Bruguieri, Gray, Anal. t. vii. p. 309.

Hab. Littus Coromandelianum (Chemnitz), ad Novam Hol-
landiam, Flumen Cygnorum.

57. DosSINIA CORRUGATA.

D. testa suborbiculari, aliquanto latiore quam alta, tenui, con-
vexa, concentricé striata, striis in medio feré obsoletis, ad latus
posticum liras convergentes et corrugatas formantibus, ad latus
anticum minus eleyatis, longitudinaliter lineis indentatis ob-
soleté radiata; area ligamenti simplici; lunula suboblongo-cor-
data; sordidé spadiceo-alba.

Artemis corrugata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 4. f. 24.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 669. pl. 143. f. 63.

Hab, -— ?

58. DosINIA LAMINATA.

D. testa orbiculari, posticé subangulata, concentricé lammata ;
alba, lamimis tenuibus, umbones versus reflexis, ad latera ma-
joribus ; area ligament subexcavata ; lunula cordata, parva,
impressa.

Artemis laminata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 7. f. 41.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 674. pl. 144. f. 86, 87.

Hab. Insula Tamar Philippinarum.

59. DosINIA SCALARIS. B.M.

D. testa suborbiculari, aliquando latiore quam alta, concentricé
creberrimé lirata, liris in medio appressis, ad latera angusti-
oribus,sublamellaribus; area ligamenti smplici; lunulacordata ;
albida, spadiceo-rufo plus minusve tincta aut fasciata.

Cytherea scalaris, Menke, Spec. Moll. Nov. Holl. p- 42. no. 241.
Artemis scalaris, Hanley, Desc. Cat. App. pl. 15. f. 43.

Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 6. no. 16.

Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 2. f. 11.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 674. pl. 144. f. 78.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 23

60. DosINIA ANUS. B.M.

D. testa subquadrato-orbiculari, longiore quam alta, compressa, e
rufo albida; rugis elevatis distantibus, ad utramque extremi-
tatem numero decrescentibus, sed magis elevatis et lamellaribus ;
lunula cordata, profundé impressa, lamellosa; area angusta,
lineari-lanceolata, levi, excavata; dente cardinali antico striato;
sinu palliari abbreviato, obtuso.

Artemis anus, Philippi, Zeits. fiir Malak. 1848, p. 132. no. 64.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 39. pl. 8. f. 1.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 2. f. 10.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 674. pl. 144. f. 82.

Hab. Nova Zelandia.

61. DosINIA MODESTA.

D. testa suborbiculari, compressa, umbones versus subattenuata,
concentricé minutissimeé et creberrimé impresso-striata, striis
irregularibus radiantibus obscuré notata; area ligamenti lan-
ceolato-excavata, lunula oblongo-cordata, impressa; carneo
albicante, nitente.

Artemis modesta, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 4.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 663. pl. 142. f. 37.

Hab. ——?2

62. DosINIA JUVENIS. B.M.

D. testa suborbiculari, crassiuscula, concentricé tenuilirata, liris
ad latera sublamellatis ; area ligamenti subampla, excavata ;
lunula cordata, plano-impressa ; alba, biradiata, rufo maculata.

Lister, Conch. p. 295. f. 131 ?

Venus juvenis, Chemn. Conch. t. vii. p. 21. pl. 38. f. 405.

Dillw. Cat. t. i. p. 196.

Venus juvenilis, Gmel. p. 3287. no. 84.

Venus, no. 36, Schrot. Hinl. t. iii. p. 167.

Encycl. pl. 280. f. 2. a, 6.

Cigar juvenilis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. (Desh. ed.) t. vi. p. 310.
no. 36.

Desh. Ency. Méth. Vers, t. ii. p. 57. no. 17.
Artemis juvenilis, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 309.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 5.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 6. no. 12, exclus. Chemn.
fig. 407.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 675. pl. 144. f. 74-76.
Var. 8, Testa rufescente, Desh.
Cytherea rufa,-Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 570. no. 37.

24 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cytherea rufa, var. juvenilis, Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2.
t. vi. p. 311, note.
Artemis rufa, Reeve. Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 3.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 673. pl. 144. f. 77.
Var.? Artemis variegata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. vii. p. 309,
an varietas ?

Hab. Amboina, Philppinarum.

63. DosINIA VARIEGATA. B.M.

D. testa orbiculari, nunc tumidiuscula, nune compressa, con-
centricé lirata, liris interdum subtilibus numerosis, interdum
sublaminatis, laminis umbones versus reflexis; area ligamentivix
excavata, lunula cordata, impressa; albida, fasciis tribus rufo-
castaneis plus minus distincté radiata, interstitiis lineis flexu-
osis, seepe interruptis; lunulafusca; umbonibus interdum roseis,
area ligamenti fusco tessellata.

Venus exoleta variegata, Chemn. Conch. t. vil. p. 23. pl. 38. f. 407.
Venus, no. 38, Schrot. Fini. ii. p. 168.
Venus histrio, Gmel. p. 3287.
Dillw. Cat. t.i. p. 197. no. 87.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 86.
Encye. Meth. p. 280. f. 1?
Venus australis, Quoy et Gaim. Voy. Astr. pl. 84. f. 11, 12.
Artemis australis, Philippi, Abbild. Conch. p. 6. no. 15.
Gray, Dieffenb. Travels, i. & Revue Zool. (1844), p. 405.
Gray, Analyst (1838), vui. p. 309.
Artemis variegata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 6. f. 33.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 675. pl. 144. f. 83.
Var. Artemis lirata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 675. pl. 144. f. 85.

Hab. Insule Philippine, Amboina et Australia.

64. DosINIA LENTICULARIS.

Dv. testa lenticulari, compressa, pallidé fulva, fusco-radiata, et
literata, concentricé confertim costellata; area ligamenti vix
excavata ; lunula impressa (Sow. jun.).

Artemis exoleta, var. Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 5. f. 29 b.

Artemis variegata, var. Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 6. f. 33 e.

Artemis lenticularis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 675. pl. 144. f. 81.
Hab. Insule Philippine.

65. DosIn1Ia SCABRA.

D. testa suborbiculata, valdé inzequilaterali, satis tumida, lamellis
brevibus concentricé aspera, albida, radiis tugis obsoletis, zonis-

eS —————_———

BIVALVE SHELLS. 25

que violascentibus picta; lunula laté cordata, profundé im-
pressa; area lanceolata, profunda, leevi.

‘Artemis scabra, Philippi, Zeits. fur Malak. 1849, p. 19. no. 81.

Hab. Insula Liew Kiew in mari Chinensi.

66. DosINIA ASPERA.

D. testa orbiculari, tenuicula, subcompressa, concentricé creber-
rimé striata, striis elevatiusculis, irregularibus, asperis, ad latera
parim prominentioribus ; area ligamenti plano-excavata, leevi-
gata; lunula cordata; sordidé alba.

Artemis aspera, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 49.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 668. pl. 143. f. 56.

Hab. Manilla.

67. DosINIA CANALICULATA.

D. testa parva, tumida, sordidé alba, minutissimé striata, striis ad
latera elevatiusculis; umbonibus prominentibus, acutis; area
ligamenti duplicata.

Artemis canaliculata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 668. pl. 143. f. 58,
Hab. Manilla.

68. Dosin1a ALTIOR, Desh.

D. testa orbiculari, elongata, longiore quam latiore, ineequilaterali,
depressa, solida, transversim tenué et regulariter striata ; albo-
grisea vel fulva, ad apicem attenuata; strus depressis, planis,
anticé posticéque minus numerosis, irregulariter corrugatis ;
umbonibus elongatis, obliqué subcordatis, prominentibus; lu-
nula cordato-scutiformi, impressa, profunda, plana; area liga-
menti elongato-lanceolata, marginibus acutis, distanter dentatis
circumscripta; valvis tus albis; sinu palli parvo, angusto,
trigono, horizontali, apice acuminato.

Hab.

? Coll. Cuming.

69. DosINIA SCABRIUSCULA.

D.testa suborbiculari, convexa, solidiuscula, alba, vix latiore quam
alta, posticé superné subangulata, concentricé, tenuissimé et
creberrimé lirata, liris ad latera acuté Jamellaribus; area liga-
menti laté excavata, lamellata, margine subspimosa; lunula
cordata, profunde impressa.

Artemis scabriuscula, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 31. pl. 6. f. 2.
9

26 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Artemis scabriuscula, Reeve, Conch. Tcon. pl. 3. f. 14.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 668. pl. 143. f. 59.

Hab. Taiti (Lesson).

70. Dosin1A JAPONICA.

D. testa suborbiculari, compressa, aliquando latiore quam alta,
posticé superné angulosa, concentricé subtiliter elevato-striata,
striis ad latera paucioribus sublamellatis; area ligamenti laté
excavata, margine subproducta, et obscuré spimosa ; lunula ob-
longo-cordata, impressa; sordidé carneo-cinerascente.

Artemis Japonica, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 3. f. 17. -
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 669. pl. 143. f. 60.

Hab. Mare Japonicum.

Sinus pallii profundissimus angustus, apice acuto, linea supe-
riore recta horizontali.

71. DosINIA SUBROSEA. B.M.

D. testa suborbiculari, aliquanto latiore quam alta, convexa, con-
centricé nitidé creberrimé elevato-striata, striis ad latera vix
elevatioribus, area ligamenti subexcavata, lunula cordata, im-
pressa; pallidé rosaceo-spadicea.

Artemis subrosea, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Analyst, t. viii. p. 309;
Dieffenb. Voy. N.Z. p. 309; Rev. Zool.Cuv. t. viii. 1844, p. 404.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 4. f. 19.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 669. pl. 143. f. 61.

Hab. Nova Zelandia.

72. Dosin1A ORBIGNYI.

D. testa solida, orbiculari, alba seu livida, convexa, concentricé
striata, striis ad umbones subtilissimis, ad marginem inferiorem
validioribus, nonnullis anté et poné subdichotomis ; impres-
sione palliari rubente seu subcerulea, area profimda, angus-
tata, striata; lunula cordiformi, lea valdé profunda circum-
scripta; umbonibus antrorsum incurvis ; dente valvee sinistre
antico valido.

Artemis Orbignyi, Dunker, Zeits. Malac. (1849) p. 167.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 230. pl. 6. f. 3.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 8. f. 44.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 665, pl. 142. f. 54.

Hab. Guinea.

‘cubes

BIVALVE SHELLS. 27

73. DosINIA TORRIDA.

D. testa suborbiculari, solidiuseula, concentricé acuté elevato-
striata, striis subdistantibus; area ligamenti lanceolato-exca-
vata, lunula sublaté cordata, profundé impressa; sordidé alba.

Artemis torrida, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 10. f. 60.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 666. pl. 142. f. 46.

Hab. Littus Senegalense.

74. DosiniA GRUNERI. B.M.

D. testa suborbiculari, posticé producta, subangulata, modicé
convexa, alba, striis transversis confertis, ad aream magis
elevatis, spinula terminatis, in extremitate antica numero valdé
decrescentibus, rugeformibus ; lunula cordato-plana, profun-
dissimé impressa; margine dorsali posticé valdé declivi; area
lineari-lanceolata, longissima, excavata, levi.

An Veneris excise var. apud Chemn. vii. p. 18? pl. 38. f. 4012

Artemis Gruneri, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malak. (1848) p. 132. no. 63.

Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyther. p. 39. no. 2. pl. 8. f. 2.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 5. f. 312
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 666. pl. 142. f. 47.

Hab. Mare Chinense.

75. DosINIA CALCULUS.

D. testa suborbiculari, plano-convexa, compressa, concentricé,
subtilissimé et creberrimé striato-lirata; area ligamenti sub-
angulariter excavata, lunula cordata, impressa; alba, umboni-
bus ad apices pallidé roseis.

Artemis calculus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 8. f. 47.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 667. pl. 42. f. 53.

Hab. Insule Philippine.

76. DosINIA BIS COCTA.

D. testa suborbiculari, tumidiuscula, concentricé striata, striis
asperis, elevatiusculis, preecipue ad latera; area ligamenti lan-
ceolato-excavata, lunula cordata, impressa; sordidé alba, fer-
rugineo pallide tincta.

Artemis bis cocta, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 55.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 667. pl. 142. f. 50.

Hab. Mare Japonicum (Siebold).

77. DOSINIA FIBULA.
D. testa orbiculari, crassiuscula, plano-convexa, concentricé cre-

o*

28 BIVALVE SHELLS.
berrimé tenuistriata, striis ad latera subelevatioribus ; area liga-
menti subampliter excavata; lunula cordata, profundé im-
pressa ; lutescente-alba.
Artemis fibula, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 26.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 667. pl. 142. f. 49.

Hab. Gambia.

78. DosINIA CRETACEA.

D. testa orbiculari, crassa, posticé subflexuosa, concentricé tenul-
striata; alba; striis ad latera elevatioribus, preecipué per mar-
ginem posticum, area ligamenti subampliter excavata, lunula
cordata, impressa.

Artemis cretacea, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 6. f. 35.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 667. pl. 142. f. 51.

Hab. Manilla in insula Lucon, Philippinarum.

79. DoSINIA LIVIDA.

D. testa orbiculari, compressiuscula, posticé angustiore, distincté
angulata, alba, ad umbones cverulescente ; striis transversis
tenuissimis, utrinque sublamellaribus ; area lineari-lanceolata,
levi, canaliculata ; lunula cordata, impressa, linea profundis-
sima cincta; dente lunulari cardinis parvo.

Artemis livida, Philippi, Abbild. Conch. p. 32. pl. 6. f. 4.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 668. pl. 142. f. 55.

An Artemis Orbignyi, var.?, Reeve, Conch. Icon. no. 44.

Hab.

2

80. DosINIA CONTUSA.

D. testa subglobosa, crassa, anticé subtrigona, concentricé im-
presso-striata, lis intermediis planulatis, nitentibus ; area liga-
menti latiuscula, subexcavata; lunula laté cordata, impressa ;
albida, umbones versus livida; area ligamenti livido-violacea.

Artemis contusa, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 7. f. 38.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 672. pl. 143. f. 70.

Hab. Australia septentrionalis.

81. DosINIA C#ZLATA.

D. testa subquadrato-orbiculari, tenuicula, compressa, concen-
tricé subtilissimé striata, striis creberrimis, ad latera multd pau-
cioribus, subcorrugatis ; area ligamenti simplici, area secunda
subexcavata, tune laminata, circumdata, lunula subelongato-
cordata; alba, umbonibus flavicantibus.

t

BIVALVE SHELLS. 29

Artemis czlata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 28.
Hab. Ynsula Lucgon, Philippinarum.

82. DosINIA CONTRACTA.

D. testa ovato-orbiculari, altiore quam longa, albida, concolore,
tenuissimé striata; lunula cordata, impressa; ligamento in
area profunda immerso.

Venus concentrica mmor, Chemn. Conch. t. vii. p.20. pl.38. f. 403,
excl. syn.

Artemis contracta, Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 6. no. 11.

Hab. India orientalis (Chemnitz).

d. Species dubie.

83. DosiINIA COMTA.

D. testa sublentiformi, nonnihil longiore quam alta, tenui, con-
vexa; margine ligamentali subrecto, producto, cum postico
subelongato ; lunula impressa, cordata, convexa; striis tenui-
bus, parum regularibus, medio appressis, utrinque erectis, sub-
lamellosis ; lamina cardinali angusta, posticé attenuata, apicem
impressionis muscularis vix attingente; dente lunulari eum
cardinali angulum feré rectum formante.

Loven, Ind. Moll. Scandinav. p. 39. no. 289.
Hab. Mare Scandinavense.

84. DosINIA ELEGANS.
Artemis elegans, Conrad, Cat. of Shells inkhab. Tampa Bay and
other parts of Florida Coast, Sill. Journ. 2nd ser. t. ii. p. 393.

Hab. Tampa Bay.

85. Dostn1a ADANSONI.

Le Dosin, Adans. p. 225. pl. 16. f. 5.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. Cyth. p. 2. no. 2. pl. 2. f. 2.

Hab. Africa ?
Genus 2. CYCLINA.

* Animal Dosiniz simile,” Gray.

Testa circularis, tenuis, inflata, inequilateralis, transversim
striata, area lunulaque nullis ; umbones parvi, approximati ; mar-
gines simplices, aliquantisper crenulati; cardo latus, planus,
tridentatus, alter bidentatus; impressio muscularis postica ab
extremitate marginis cardinalis remota ; sinus pallii triangularis,

sO BIVALVE SHELLS.

obliquus, seepius ascendens ; ligamentum externum margine rime
subtectum.

Chama Felan, Adans. (1757) Voy. au Sénég. p. 227.
Venus, Chemn. (1788) Conch. x. 356.
Gmel. (1788) p. 3285. no. 91.
Dillw. (1817) Cat. i. 192. no. 77.
Wood (1825), Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 76.
Desh. (1835) in Lamk. vi. 291.
Cyprina (spec.), Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. v. no. 6; 2ed. vi. 291.
(1835) no. 6.
Artemis, Reeve (1851), Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 6.
Sow. jun. (1852) Thes. Conch. p. 661.

Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. Boston (1851), p. 91.
Adams (1852), Panama Shells, p. 275. no. 449.
Cyclina, Desh. (1849) Traité Elém. i. pl. 14 bis, f. 20-22.

Lucinopsis, Forbes § Hanley, Moll. p. 435.
Cytherea (spec.), Maegillivray.
Dosinia (sect.), Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1847) p. 183.
Lucina (spec.), Turton, Bivalves, p. 115.
Scacchi, Cat. 5.
Mysia (spec.), Leach MSS. (1818) Ann. & Mag. N. H. xx. (1847)
272.
Mysia, King, Ann. § Mag. N. H. xviii. 242.

SyNopsis SPECIERUM.
I. Testa tumida, marginibus crenatis, 1-3.

II. Testa depressa, marginibus integris, 4-11.

I. Testa tumida, marginibus crenatis.

1. CycLina CHINENSIS. B.M.

C. testa subquadrato-orbiculari, tenuicula, valdé gibbosa, con-
centricé subirregulariter striata, striis elevatiusculis, striis aliis
tenuibus impressis radiantibus decussatis, area ligamenti sim-
plici, lunula nulla, margimibus intus crenulatis ; albida ferru-
gineo tincta, marginem versus cinereo-cerulescente.

Venus Chinensis, Chemn. Conch. Cab. x. 396. pl. 171. f. 1663.
Dillw. Cat. i. 192, no. 77.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 76.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. vi. 291. no. 6.
Venus Sinensis, Gmel. p. 3285. no. 91.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 116.
Cyprina tenuistria, Lamk. An. s. Vert. y. 558.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 31

Artemis sinensis, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 6.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 661. no. 20.
Cyclina Chinensis, Desh. Traité Elém. i. pl. 14 bis, f. 20-22.

Hab. Mare Chinense.

2. CYCLINA FLAVIDA.

C. testa orbiculari, obliqua, ineequilaterali, tumida, transversim
striata, striis convexis; umbonibus tumidis, magnis, obliquis ;
lunula nulla; margine tenué dentato; impressione musculari
postica semilunari; sinu pallii profundo, lato, apice obtuso, car-
dine in utraque valva tridentato; dente postico valve dextre
bifido; valvis extus flavis, intus candidis.

Hab. China.

3. CYCLINA ORIENTALIS.

C. testa rotundata, ventricosa, concentricé et radiatim ad latera
vix striata, pallide aurantia, prope marginem ventralem rubes-
cente ; intus margine crenato, lunula nulla.

Artemis orientalis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 661. no. 21. pl. 144.
Ee

Hab. Mare Japonicum.

II. Testa depressa, marginibus integris.
4, CYCLINA SUBQUADRATA.

C. testa orbiculato-subquadrata, inzequilaterali, anticé angustiore,
postice dilatata, inferné subangulata, in medio inflata, albo-gri-
sea, sub epidermide tenui, flavescente, tenuissimé et densissimé
transversim striata; umbonibus minimis, tumidiusculis, obliquis ;
lunula nulla; simu pallu ad angulum inferiorem valvarum
aperto, angusto, brevi, acutissimo, fere perpendiculariter ascen-
dente.

_ Artemis subquadrata, Hanley, Proce. Zool. Soc. 1845, p. 11;
Deser. Cat. App. pl. 15. f. 39.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 3. f. 15.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 661. pl. 141. f. 27.

Hab. Sancta Helena et Colombia.

5. CycLINA MACILENTA.

C. testa suborbiculari, obscura, subquadrata, inzequilaterali, valde
compressa, candidissima, tenui, minutissimé transversim striata ;
umbonibus minimis, brevibus, obliquis; lunula ovato-lanceo-
lata, lmea vix perspicua circumdata; marginibus integerrimis,

32 BIVALVE SHELLS.

acutis ; sinu palliiinferné aperto, angusto, acutissimo, feré per-
pendiculariter ascendente.
Artemis macilenta, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 9. f. 51 (specimine
juniore descripto).
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 662. pl. 141. f. 32.

Hab. Salango, in Colombia.

6. CycLinaA ADANSONI.

C. testa orbiculari, lenticulari, lateraliter depressa, tenui, subpel-
lucida, laevigata, albo-flavescente, irregulariter strils incrementi
notata; umbonibus minimis, obliquis 5 lunula nulla; sinu
pallii elongato, angusto apice acutissimo, perobliquo.

Chama Felan, Adans. Seneg. p. 227. no. 8. pl. 16. f. 8.

Hab. Mare Senegalense.

7. CycLinA KROYERI.

C. testa orbiculari, compressa, lenticulari, tenuissimé transversim
striata, tenui, lactea, apicibus parvis, uncinatis ; lunula cordato~
lanceolata, parm distincta, area nulla, loco ejus testa com-
presso-carinata ; ligamento subincluso ; lamina cardinali lata ;
dente postico valve dextree maximo, profunde bipartito.

Venus Kroyeri, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malac. 1847, p. 87.

Phil. Abbild. und Deser. p. 26. pl. 7. f. 9.

Hab. Mare Chiliense et Peruvianum.

8. CYcLINA INFLATA.

C, testa subrotundata, alba, tenuissimé concentricé striata; lu-
nula nulla; intus fulva, margine levi (Sow. jun.).

Artemis inflata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 661. pl. 141. f. 25.
Hab. 2

9, CYCLINA SACCATA.

C.testa orbiculari, tumida, inzequilaterali, tenui, fragili, albo squa-
lide lutescente, tenuissimé transversim striata; umbonibus
minimis, vix prominentibus, levigatis, oblique contortis ; lu-
nula nulla; ligamentum angustum, elongatum ; dente cardi-
nali postico valvule dextre profundé fisso; sinu pallii an-
gusto, acuto, obliqué ascendente.

Artemis saccata, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1851, p. 91.
Adams, Panama Shells, p. 275. no. 449.

Hab. Mare Mexicanum.

9

BIVALVE SHELLS. 35

10. CycLIna? UNDATA. B.M.

C. testa orbiculari, sublenticulari, depressa, subequilaterali, irre-
gulariter transversim striata, alba, ad apices seepius lutescente ;
umbonibus tumidulis, acutis, brevibus; lunula nulla; valvis
itus candidis; cardine angusto, in valva dextra bidentato,
altero tridentato; sinu pallii maximo, profundissimo, apice
obtuso, basi lato, obliquissimé ascendente.

Venus undata, Penn. Brit. Zool. pl. 58. f. 9.
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 117.
Donov. Brit. Shells, iv. pl. 121.
Mat. 8 Rack. Linn. Trans. vii. 86.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 241. f. 94.
Flem. Brit: Anim. p. 448.
Dillw. Recent Shells, i. 197.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 87.
Phil. Moll. Sicil. 11. 34.
Mysia undata, Leach, Brit. Moll.
Tellina rotundata? Maton.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1821, p. 293.
Venus sinuosa (monstr.), Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 57. pl. 59.
f. 51 A.
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 120.
Mat. & Rack. Linn. Trans. viii. 90.
Lucina undata, Lamk, An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 229.
Turt. Dith. Brit. p. 115.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 73.
Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. p. 98. pl. 39. f. 1, 2.
Hanley, Recent Shells, p. 76.
Venus incompta, Phil. Moll. Sicil. i. 44. pl. 4. f. 9.
Cytherea undata, Macgill. Moll. Aberd. p. 263.
Artemis undata, Alder, Cat. North. and Durham, Moll. p. 84.
Lucinopsis undata, Forbes & Hanley, Hist. Brit. Moll. Luc.
p. 435. pt. xi. pl. 28. f. 1, 2; et animal, pl. m. f. 2.

Hab. Oceanus Europeus.

11. CycLIna TENUIS.

C. testa orbiculari, eequilaterali, levigata, convexo-depressa, tenul,
squalide alba, umbonibus prominentibus, anticé mflexis, cas-
taneo tinctis ; lunula feré obsoleta, cordato-lanceolata; valvis
intus albidis ; impressione musculari antica angusta, elongata,
arcuata, postica ovato-rotundata.

Recluz, Journ. de Conch. 1852, p. 250. pl. 10. f. 1.
Hab, Insula Guadalupensis.

34 BIVALVE SHELLS.

B. Testa ovata, subtrigona; dentes cardinales, triangulares,
dente laterali antico ; trachea apice libera ; pes lanceolatus.
Meretricina.

a. Dentes cardinales, postico sulcato.

Gen. 3. MERETRIX, Lamk. 1799. CYTHEREA, Lamk. 1809.

Animal incognitum.

Testa ovato-subtrigona, levigata, crassa ; marginibus integer-
rimis; cardo incrassatus, tridentatus; dente laterali lunulari,
adjuncto, dente postico nymphali, crenulato; impressio pallu
simplex vel posticé vix emarginata.

Meretrix, Lamarck (1799), Mém. de la Soc. d’ Hist. Nat. de Paris,

p. 85; Syst. des An. s. Vert. (1801) p. 122.

Cuvier (1800), Anat. Comp. t. i. Tab. des Moll. (sous-
genre des Vénus).
Blainville (1825), Malac. p. 556 (section du sousgenre
Venus).
Rang (1830), Manuel, p. 317 (section du sousgenre Cy-
thérée).
Cytherea, Lamk., Roissy, Buff. de Sonnini Moll. t. vi. p. 329 et
336.
Schumacher (1817), Essai d’une Class. p. 169.
Cythérée (ex parte), Lamk. (1809) Philos. Zool. t. 1. p. 318;

(1812) Eztr. du Cours, p. 107 ; (1818) An. s. Vert.t.v. p. 561.

‘érussac, Latreille, Deshayes, Menke, Sowerby, &c.
Gray (1858), Analyst, t. vii. p. 303.
Meretrix, Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 188.

Synopsis SPECIERUM.
I. Testa ovata, transversa, 1.
II. Testa trigona, levigata, 2-13.

III. Testa trigona, transversim sulcata, 14-18.

I. Testa ovata, transversa.

1. Meretrix Ovum.

M. testa ovata, solidissima, transversa, subzequilaterali, ventricosa,
nitida, laevigata, albida, epidermide fulva induta ; marginibus
integris ; latere antico rotundato, postico obtusé subangulato,
superné glauco-cinereo; natibus oppositis, spe erosis ;
lunula obsoleta; superficie interna albida, posticé livido-pur-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 35

purascente infecta; dente postico leviter crenulato; sinu
palliari vix albo.

Cytherea Ovum, Hanley, Ind. Test. Sup. pl. 15. f. 21; Proc.
Zool. Soc. (1845) p. 21.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 621. pl. 129. f. 49.

Hab. Madras.

Il. Testa trigona, levigata.
2. MereTrix Casta,

M. testa cordato-ovata, gibba, crassa, alba; pube anoque ovatis,
convexis, glaucescentibus ; intus violaceo maculata, extus epi-
dermide fuscescente vestita; umbonibus tumidis, oppositis,
livide violascentibus; nymph basis interna tenuissimé cor-
rugata; pallii impressione simplici, posticé latiore.
Venus Casta, Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p. 349. pl. 33. f. 346.
Gmel. p. 3278. no. 42.
Dillw. Cat. t. i. p. 179. no. 47.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 46.

Cytherea casta, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. t. vi. p. 301. no. 10.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 97.
Kiister in Chemn. Conch. ed. 2. p. 14. pl. 3. f. 3.
Sowerby, Thes. Conch. p. 621. pl. 129. f. 43, 44, 46.
Gray, Cat. Cyth. Analyst, t. vii. p. 303.

Hab. India, in insula Ceylonensi.

3. MERETRIX LusoRIA.

M. testa ovato-cordata, subtrigona, levi, alba, zonis castaneis
medio interruptis ; dente cardinali antico bifido; simu pallii
triangulari brevi lato, semiovato; umbonibus parvis obliguis ;
lunula elongato-ovata; nymphis brevibus, angustis, rugis bre-
vibus notatis ; ligamento costula extus circumdato.

Meretrix Lusoria, Rumph. Amb. pl. 42. f. G2?
Petiver, Amb. pl. 18. f. 202
Encycl. Méth. pl. 270. f. 1.

Venus lusoria Japonica, Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p- 337. pl. 32.

f. 346.

Venus lusoria, var. A, Dillw. Cat. t. i. p. 177. no. 44.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 43.

Venus Chione, var. 8, Gmel. p. 3272. no. 16.

Cytherea lusoria, Lamk, An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 561. no. 1.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert, t. vi. p. 297.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 96.
Kiister, Chemn. 2 ed. Veneracea, p. 8. pl. I. f. 6.
Sowerby, Thes. Conch. p. 620. pl. 128. f. 40-42?

!

36 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Testa majore; Meretrix formosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 620.
11 9 f. 47
pl. 129. f. 47.

Hab. Oceanus Indo-Chinensis.

4. MERETRIX PETECHIALIS. B.M.

'M. testa ovato-cordata, tumida, levi, albo-glaucescente, maculis
fulvis, punctiformibus, subsparsis; latere postico angulato ;
intus candida ; dente lunari maximo, trigono-pyramidah, apice
acuto ; nymphz rugis numerosis, tenuibus, parallelis ; impres-
sione pallii, margine remota, sinu lato, arcuato, brevi.

Meretrix petechialis, Encycl. Méth. pl. 268. f. 5, 6.
Cytherea petechialis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 561.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. 2 ed. t. vi. p. 299.
Sowerby, Genera of Shelis, f. 1.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 96; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 9.
Reeve, Conch. System. t. i. pl. 69 & 70. f. 1.
Sowerby, Thes. Conch. p. 619. pl. 129. f. 51.

Hab. China.

5. MERETRIX IMPUDICA.

M. testa ovato-subtrigona, cordata, crassa, ineequilaterali, posticé
angulata, alba, sub epidermide flavo aliquantisper subradiata,
vel maculis fuscis ad umbones notata, vulva fusco-czerulescente ;
umbonibus tumidis obliquis ; lunula nulla; intus alba, postice
fusco maculata; cardine angusto, in valva sinistra bidentato,
nymphis brevibus, regulariter corrugato-plicatis ; sinu_pallii
latissimo, semicirculari.

Venus Meretrix, var., Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p- 352. pl. 33. f. 347,
34

Cytherea impudica, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 561. no. 3.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 96; in Wood, Ined. Sup. pl. 11.
f. 102
Kiister in Chemn. C. C. 2 ed. p. 8. pl. 3. f. 4, 5.
Var. Testa majore, latere postico minus angulato.
Cytherea meretrix, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 562. no. 6; 2 ed.
p- 300, no. 6.
Delessert, Rec. de Coq. pl. 3. f. 1.
Anton, Verz. Conch. p- 7. no. 241.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 96; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 8.
Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 3032
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 619. pl. 129. f. 48, 49.

Hab. Oceanus Chinensis; insule Philippine.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 37

6. Mreretrix MorpuHiIna. BM.

M. testa trigono-rotundata, levi, grisea; radiis nullis aut binis
fuscis, imperfectis ; vulva fusco-ceerulescente ; ano ovato; intts
albo-flavescente, posticé fusco maculata ; marge interno car-
dinis recto ; sinu pallii brevi, vix inflexo ; dentibus inzequalibus,
antico breviore.

Meretrix Morphma, Encycl. Méth. pl. 266. f. 32 an Venus pin-
guis ?
Cytherea Morphina, Lamk. An. s. Vert, t. v. p. 562. no.8; 2ed.
t. vi. p. 300. no. 8.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 96.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 620. pl. 129. f. 59, 60 2

Hab. Mare Chinense.

Si species Lamarckii figura Encyclopzdie fideliter depingitur,
illa quae datur a Sowerbyo non eadem est.

In synonymia V. Morphine introducit Lamarckius Venerem
triradiatam Chemnitzii hac testa; attamen generis Cytherearum
non est, sed Veneris opime Lamarckii varietas (Venus pinguis,
Chemn.).

Eadem figura Encyclopzdiz Lamarckio bis citatur, primo in
V. Morphine synonymia, secundo in sua Venere opima; tamen
impossibile est, ab eadem figura duz species distinctissime re-
preesentar:.

7. MERETRIX GRAPHICA.

M. testa trigono-rotundata, levi, grisea, fusco-radiata aut lineolis
flexuosis picta; vulva ovali, glaucina ; ano oblongo.

Meretrix graphica, Encycl. Meth. pl. 266. f. 5. a, 6. ?an Venus
pinguis ?
Cytherea graphica, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 562. no. 7; 2 ed.
t. vi. p. 300. no. 7.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 96; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 11.

Hah. Oceanus Indicus ; insula Sumatrensis.

8. MERETRIX HIEROGLYPHICA.

M. testa cordato-trigona, ad umbones levi, ad margines sulcata,
alba, maculis triangularibus, seepe in radios prolongatis, rufis
picta ; extremitate postica longiore subrostrata; margine dorsali
utringue declivi; lunula plana, levi, cordata, ligamento oc-
culto.

Meretrix hieroglyphica, Conrad, Jour. Acad. N. S. \Phil. t. vii.
p..253. pl. 19. f. 22.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 104; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 29.

38 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Meretrix hieroglyphica, Catlow, Cat. p. 38. no. 48.
Philippi, Abbild. Conch. pl. 3. f. 1.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 642. pl. 134. f. 190.

Hab. Insule Sandwichienses.

9. MERETRIX FUSCA.

M. testa transversim ovata, subtrigona, partim ineequilaterali, solida,
levi, rufo-fusca, subunicolore ; area vix distincta, obscuriore ;
lunula compressa, non distincta, dente antico cardinali valido,
remoto; postico crenulato, margine integerrimo.

Cytherea fusca, Philippi, Abbild. Conch. p. 19. pl. 3. f. 1.

Hab. 2

M. castanez Lamarckii similis, minus incrassata, intus candi-
dissima, sinus pallii profundior: ab illis characteribus distincta.

10. MERETRIX CASTANEA. B.M.

M. testa cordato-trigona, levi, crassa, fusco-castanea; vulva cx-
ruleo-nigrescente ; angulis lateris postici obtusis; sinu palli
brevissimo, lato, arcuato; cardine angusto, tridentato, dente
laterali compresso, triangulari, acuto; nymphe basis interna
profundé rugoso-granulosa ; umbonibus brevibus, obliquis ;
valvis intus albis, in latere postico violaceo maculatis.

Meretrix castanea, Encycl. Méth. pl. 269. f. 2. a, 6.
Venus Meretrix, var., Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p. 352. f. 351.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 47.
Cytherea meretrix, var., Anton, Verz. Conch. p. 7. no. 245.
Cytherea castanea, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 561.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. 2 ed. t. vi. p. 299.
Kiister in Chemn. 2 ed. p. 8. pl. 3. f. 9.
Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 303.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 96.
Potiez et Mich. Galérie de Douai, p. 229.
Cytherea impudica, var., Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 621.
Var. 8. Testa albo flavida latere postico fusco.

Hab. Oceanus Chinensis.

ll. MERETRIX ZONARIA. B.M.

M. testa trigona, levi, albida, lineis rugis angulato-flexuosis zo-
nata; vulva planulata, fulvo scripta; lunula elongato-ovata,
linea impressa circumscripta, intus alba, posticé violaceo macu-
lata; sinu pallii lato, brevi, subsemicirenlari ; umbonibus par-
vis, oppositis, obliquis ; nympharum rugis nullis.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 39

Venus lusoria japonica variegata, Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p. 347.
pl. 33. f. 344.
D’ Argenv. Conch. pl. 21. f. F?
Venus Chione, var. y, Gmel. p. 3272.
Venus lusoria, var. B, Dillw. Cat. t.1. p. 178.
Cytherea zonaria, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 562. no. 5.
Anton, Verz. Conch. p. 7. no. 239.
Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. vii. p. 303.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 96; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 10.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 620. pl. 129. f. 53, 54.

Hab. Mare Chinense et Japonicum.

12. MERETRIX CORPULENTA. B.M.

M. testa ovato-trigona, solida, cordato-tumida, inzequilaterali,
postice obtusé angulata, laevigata, alba, sub epidermide flaves-
cente, ad umbones flavo punctato lineolata, hneolis angulatis,
latere postico fusco tincto ; umbonibus tumidis, prominentibus,
obliquis ; lunula profunda, vix cireumscripta ; intus alba, ma-
cula fusca posticé notata; sinu pallii latissimo, brevi, semi~
ovato.

Cytherea corpulenta, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 303.
Hab. ——?

13. Meretrix LAMARCKII.

M. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, ineequilaterali, lateraliter de-
pressiuscula, leevigata, fulva vel rufo-fuscescente, aliquantisper
pallide radiata; latere antico obtuso, postico acumiato, an-
gulato; umbonibus minimis, acutis, oppositis; lunula elon-
gato-lanceolata, inter valvas rimosa in medio prominente ; sinu
pallii lato, paulo profundiore quam in aliis speciebus.

Cytherea morphina, Sow. jun. (non Lamk.) Thes. Conch. p. 620.
pl. 129. f. 59, 60.
Hab. Mare Chinense (Cuming).

An eadem junior Meretrix tenuis, Gray ?

Ill. Testa trigona, transversim sulcata.
14. MereTRIxX PHILIPPINARUM.

M. testa cordata, ineequilaterali, ventricosa, crassiuscula, pallide
livida, radiis et lineis angulatim flexuosis, saturatioribus varie-
gata, concentricé costellata; costellis convexis, confertis ; in-
terstitiis leevigatis ; lunula brevi, cordiformi, alba, rima livido-
purpurascente ; margine ventrali integro, arcuato ; superficie
interna albida, macula liyida sub umbonibus notata.

40 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cytherea Philippinarum, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1844) 110.
Wood, Index Test. Sup. pl. 19. f. 36.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 627. pl. 136. f. 176.

Hab. Insule Philippine (Cuming).

15. MERETRIX LYRATA.

M. testa ovali-subtrigona, crassa, ventricosa, fulvo-cinerascente,
concentricé subundatim sulcata; latere postico subangulato,
fusco ; lunula vix distincta.

Meretrix lyrata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 621. pl. 129. £61

Hab. Insule Philippine.

16. MeRETRIX EXILIS. B.M.

M. testa trigona, compressa, aquilaterali, levigata, flava vel fusca,
aliquantisper albo radiata, posticé subangulata ; umbonibus
parvis ; lunula magna, prominente, linea impressa circumdata ;
cardine angusto, dente lari magno, compresso; sinu pallu lato,
excavato.

Cytherea Mitis, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 303.

Hab. 2

17. MERETRIX FORMOSA. B.M.

M. testa M. meretrici simili, sed magis obliqua et elongata, latere
postico elongatiusculo ; colore pallido, fasciis griseis suffuso,
prope umbones biradiato ; intiis candidissima ; sinu pallu lato,
magis quam in aliis speciebus, profundiore ; nymphz basis mi-
nutissimé granulosa; limula ovato-lanceolata, elongata, lmea
impressa circumdata.

Meretrix formosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 620. pl. 129. f. 47.
Hab. ——?

18. MERETRIX GRATA.

M. testa minima, ovato-trigona, depressiuscula, ineequilaterali,
nitidissima, lat? profundéque transversim sulcata ; sulcis regu-
laribus, rotundatis, interstitiis subeequalibus separatis, simpli-
cibus, rubescentibus, interstitiis pallide luteis; umbonibus
acutis, parvis, angustis, elatis; lunula plana, ovato-angusta,
elongata, livida; area planulata, levigata; valvis intus albis,
macula angusta castanea in margine postico; sinu pallii latis-
simo, semicirculari.

Meretrix grata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Hab. Mare Chinense. Coll. Cumig.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 41
Species dubia.

19. MERETRIX TRIRADIATA.

Cytherea, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 303,
Venus triradiata, Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p. 356. pl. 34. f. 388.

Hab. ——?
Genus 4. CUNEUS.

Animal ignotum.

Testa ovato-trigona, subzequilateralis, compressa; latere postico
breviori; lunula lanceolata, area profundé excavata; margines
tenué et regulariter denticulati. Cardo angustus, bidentatus,
alter tridentatus, dente laterali antico, angusto, cardini adjuncto ;
pallii impressio posticé smuosa; sinus angustus, semiovalis.

Cuneus, Megerle (1811), Mag. fiir die Entdeck. Berl. p. 50.
Blainv. Dict. Sc. Nat. t. x. p. 216, Tabl.
Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 183.
Venus (spec.), Linné (1767), Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1132. no. 131.
Chemnitz, Schroter, Gmelin, Dillwyn, Wood, &c.
Donax (ex parte), Brug. (1797) Encycl. Méth. Planches.
Lamarck (1818), An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 551.
Cytherea, Sow. (1834) Genera of Shells.
2 Desh. (1838) in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. t.vi. p. 247 (note).
Meroé, Schumacher (1819), Essai dune Class. p. 149.
Moller (1832), Isis, p. 135.
Gray (1838), Analyst, p. 303.

SYNOPSIS SPECIERUM.

I. Testa sulcata, 1-3.
If. Testa levigata, 4-10.

I. Testa suleata.

1. Cungeus MEROE. B.M.

C. testa omnino planulatim costata, anticé elongata, posticé an-
gulo subacuto ; colore intus violaceo, extiis purpureo, vel lineis
acutangularibus purpureis ornato.

Tellina madraspatana, Petiv. Gazoph. pl. 13. f. 8.
Tellina latior, List. Conch. pl. 378. f. 221.
Knorr, Vergn. t. vi. pl. 7. f. 2, 4, 5.
Venus Meroé, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 687. no. 107; ed. 12.
p- 11382; Mus. Ulr. p. 502. no. 62.

42 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus Mero’, Gronovius, Zoophyl. p. 271. no. 1161.
Schrot. Einl. t. iii. p. 130.
Chemn. Conch. t. vii. p. 55.
Born, Test. Mus. p. 67.
Favanne, Conch. pl. 47. f. A 2.
Dillw. Cat. p. 185.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 62.
Donax, Encycl. Meth. pl. 261. f. 1.
Cuneus costatus, Megerle, Mag. de Berlin, 1811, p. 50.
Donax Meroé, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 551.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, t. ii. p. 97. no. 9.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. 2 ed. t. vi. p. 247.
Cytherea Meroé, Sow. Genera of Shells.
Sow. jun. Conch. Man. f. 117 a.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. i. pl. 70. f. 6.
Meroé picta, Schumacher, Essai d’une Class. p. 149. pl. 14. f. 3.
Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. vii. p. 303.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 609. pl. 126. f. 1, 2.
An eadem? le Sunct, Adans. Sénég. p. 229. pl. 17. f. 13.

Hab. Mare Senegalense (Adans.); Mare Indicum (Auct.);
Insule Philippine (Cuming).

2. CUNEUS EFFOSSUS.

C. testa ovali-subcordiformi, subzequilaterali, crassa, nitida, con-
vexa, transversim profundé suleata; sulcis subremotis, inter-
stitiis planulatis ; albido-livida, lineis angularibus, saturatiori-
bus, venulata ; ano impresso, lanceolato ; vulva effossa, lateribus
candidis, fasciis spadicei8 undulatis transversim picta, disco
interno purpureo, marginibus crenatis.

Cytherea effossa, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1842, p. 123;
Deser. Cat. p. 109; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 18.
Catlow, Conch. Nomenc. p. 37. no. 34.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. pl. 9. f. 1.
Wood, Suppl. pl. 9. f. 18.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 609. pl. 126. f. 11, 12, Meroé.

Hab. Insule Philippine (Cuming).

3. CUNEUS SEMINUDUS.

C, testa ovato-trigona, compressa, subeequilaterali, posticé trans-
versé sulcata, anticé subleevi, albido-rosea, lineis roseis et punc=
tis lividis reticulatis picta; vulva excavata; cardine ut in C.
Meroé; margine crenulato.

Cytherea seminuda, Philippi, Abbild. Conch. p. 97. pl. 3. f. 4.

Donax seminuda, Anton, Wiegm. Arch. (1837) t. i. p. 328.

BIVALVE SHELLS. — 43

Venus seminuda, Anton, Verz. Conch. p. 7. no. 268.
Meroé seminuda, Sow. Thes. p. 610. pl. 126. f. 15.

Hab. Tnsule Moluccenses (Cuming).

3*. CUNEUS TRUNCATUS.

C. testa ovato-transversa, inequilaterali, lateraliter compressa,
leevigata, nitida, alba, lineis tenuibus rufis approximatis, zig-
zagformibus inter se parallelis ; latere antico longiore, obtuso,
postico obliqué subangulato, extremitate truncato; vulva an-
gusta, lanceolata, margine acuto circumscripta ; lunula livida,
angustissima, non impressa, vix distincta; valvis intus viola-
ceis, ad margines pallidioribus.

Cuneus truncatus, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Insule Philippine. Coll. Cuming.

Il. Testa levigata.
4. CUNEUS MENSTRUALIS.

C. testa suborbiculata, convexiuscula, anterius compressa, longi-
tudinaliter leviter striata, obsoleté decussata, livido-fusca, lineis
angularibus cruentis seu lividis transversim seriatis picta ;
margine intus crenato, ano lineari-subulato ; vulva profundé
impressa, patente.

Cytherea menstrualis, Menke, Spec. Moll. Nov. Holl. p.43. n.246.
Philippi, Abbild. Conch. p. 96. pl. 4. f. 3.

Hab. Nova Hollandia ?

5. CUNEUS EXCAVATUS.

C. testa levigata, subrotunda, lata, anticé brevi, angusta, posticé
expansa; margine dorsali elevato angulo obtuso, margine
ventrali rotundato ; colore violaceo vel pallide fulvo, purpureo
interruptim radiato.

Cytherea excavata, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1842, p. 123; Deser.
Cat. p. 109; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f.19.

Meroé excavata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 610. pl. 126. f. 13, 14.

Hab. Oceanus Japonicus.

6. CUNEUS SUBQUADRATUS.

C. testa levigata, posticé subquadrata, anticé brevi, angusta,
margine ventrali subrotundato, colore pallide fulvo, fusco ra-
diatim maculato.

Meroé subquadrata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 610. pl. 126. f, 9.
Hab, ——-?

44 BIVALVE SHELLS.

7. Cunrus SoLANDRI. B.M.

C. testa levigata, tumida, subsquilaterali, subovali; margine
yentrali rotundato; colore albo, maculis fasciisque fuscis an-
gulatim scripto.

Cytherea Solandri, Gray in Wood, Sup. pl. 2. f. 11.

Meroé Solandri, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 303.

Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 611. pl. 126. f. 10.

Hab. China.

8. CUNEUS SCRIPTUS. B.M.

C. testa levigata, anticé subelongata, posticé subacuta, intis
violacea, extis lineis acutangularibus scripta: variat purpurea
immaculata, alba, aurantia, vel fusca, seripta.

Cuneus scriptus, Rumph. Mus. Amb. pl. 43. f. L, M.
Tellina lata, Lister, Conch. pl. 379. f. 222. & pl. 380. f. 223.
Chama literata, Petiver, Amb. Mus. pl. 18. f. 5.
Knorr, Vergn. t. vi. pl. 7. f. 4,5; pl. 28. f. 7.
Donax scripta, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 683. no. 88; ed. 12.
p- 1127; Mus. Ulr. p. 495.
Murray, Fund. Test. Amen. Acad. t. viii. p. 147. pl. 2. f. 5.
Gronov. Zooph. p. 268. no. 1136.
Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p. 267. pl. 26. f. 261-265.
Schrot. Einl. t. iii. p. 98.
Gmel. p. 3264. no. 15.
Donax, Encycl. Méth. pl. 261. f. 2, 3, 4.
Dillw. Cat. t. i. p. 154. no. 15.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 6. f. 15.
Lamk, An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 551. no. 23.
Desh. in Lamk. 2 ed. t. vi. p. 247.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p- 83.
Meroé scripta, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 303.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 610. pl. 126. f. 3-8.
An eadem spec.? Venus donacina, Gmel. p. 3295.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus.

9. CuNEUs BIRMANICUS.

C, testa ovata, subtriangulari, satis tumida, levissima, sulcis bre-
vissimis transversis modo in latere postico exarata, albida,
lineis purpureis in ziczac flexis reticulata; margine ventrali
vald® convexo; extremitate antica rotundata, altiore quam
postica ; area profundissima, excavata; lunula oblonga, im-
pressa; margine crenulato.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 45

Cytherea Birmanica, Phil. Abbild. und Beschr. Cyther. p. 42.
pl. 9. £8:

Hab. Mergui, imperium Birmanorum.

10. CUNEUS VAGINALIS.

C. testa ovato-orbiculari, subtrigona, convexiuscula, anterits
compressa, levi, carnea, maculis radiantibus rufis virgata; intus
rosea, margine crenulato; ano lineari-lanceolato; vulva pro-
funde impressa, patente.

Cytherea vaginalis, Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 42.
Catlow, Cat. p. 40. no. 114.
Philippi, Abbild. Conch. p. 96. pl. 4. f. 2.

Hab. Nova Hollandia occidentalis.

Genus 5. TRIGONA,

Animal ignotum.

Testa triangularis, cuneiformis, subzequilateralis, inferné acuta,
margines integerrimi; cardo 3—5-dentatus, alter 4—6-dentatus,
dente laterali antico, angusto, elongato, compresso ; impressione
pallii posticé smuosa ; sinus brevis, obliquus vel subhorizontalis.

Periostraca velutinacea argentea, spiculis tenuissimis calcareis
constans, siccata decidua, Gray, Ann. & Mag. N. H. iv. 1849,
296; vi. 1850, 143.

Pectunculus triquetrus, Lister (1685), Conch. pl. 251.

Venus (spec.), Born (1780), Test. Mus. p. 65.

(spec.), Chemnitz (1782), Conch. t. vi. p. 328.
(spec.), Schroter (1783), Ein. t. iii. p. 159.
(spec.), Dillwyn (1817), Cat. t. i. p. 172.
Cytherea, Lamarck (1818), An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 559.
Férussac, Blainville, Deshayes, Sowerby, &c.
Trigonella, Conrad (1837), Amer. Phil. Soc. ser. 2. t. 5 (non Da
Costa, nec Lihwyd).
Hinds, Voy. Sulph. 1844, Zool. p. 65.

Trigona, Megerle (1811), Mag. fiir die neust. Entdeck. p. 55.
Schumacher (1817), Essai dune Nouvelle Classif. p. 153.
Gray (1838), Cat. of Cyth. Analyst, t. viii. p. 304; (1842),

Syn. Brit. Mus. p. 74; (1847), Proc. Zool, Soc. p. 183.

46 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Synopsis SPECIERUM.

I. Testa depressa, cardine tridentato, 1-7.
Il. Testa depressa, cardine quadridentato, 8-12.
ILI. Testa turgida, cardine quinque- vel sex-dentato, 13-30.

1. Testa depressa, cardine tridentato.

1. TRIGONA CRASSATELLOIDES, B.M.
T. testa subtrigona, crassa, subaquilaterali, obliqua, cardine et
ligamento magnis; margine laterali postico, obliquo, subelon-
gato, margine ventrali prope angulum posticum subarcuato ;

colore pallido radiis fuscis violascentibus, vel griseo-fusces-.

cente; epidermide pallide fulva et vitrea.

Trigona crassatelloides, Conrad, Ann. Nat. Se. Phil. t. vii. p. 953.
pi Jo. .& 17.

Cytherea crassatelloides, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 106.

Cyth. (Trigonella) crassatelloides, Hinds, Voy. of Sulphur, Moll.
p. 65. pl. 21. f. 1.

Cytherea crassatelloides, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 612. pl. 127.
f. 1-3.

Hanley in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 322

Hab. Sinus Californiensis.

2, TRIGONA STULTORUM. B.M.

T.testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, zequilaterali, subsymmetrica,
utroque latere obtusa, anticé compressiuscula, albo-grisea,
flavo-rufescente radiata ; umbonibus minimis, acutis, oppositis ;
lunula ovato-lanceolata, obsoleté circumscripta; latere antico
irregulariter striato; valvis intus albis; sinu pallii brevi tri-
gono; dentibus cardinalibus imzequalibus, postico maximo.

Donax Stultorum, Gray in Wood, Ind. Sup. pl. 2. f. 2.

Trigona Stultorum, Gray, Anal. t. vii. p. 304.

Hab. Mare Indicum (Gray).

Sub nomine Cytherez Stultorum alteram speciem descripsit
et delineavit Clar. Philppius.

3. TRIGONA VIRGINEA.

T. testa oblongo-triangulari, eequivalvi, crassiuscula, cineras-
cente-alba, nitente, radiatim obscuré fasciata, latere postico
linea impresso; area postica violascente.

a

BIVALVE SHELLS. 47

Cytherea virginea, Adams & Reeve, Voy. of Samarang, Moll,
p. 78. pl. 24. f. 10.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 613. pl. 127. f. 5.

Hab. Insulee Moluccenses.

4, TRIGONA DAMAOIDES. B.M.

T. testa rotundato-trigona, equilaterali, tumida, ponderosa, levi,
alba, radiis interruptis rufis picta; area lunulaque haud di-
stinctis ; ligamento valdé prominulo; sinu palliari usque ad
mediam testam diducto.

Venus damaoides, Gray in Wood, Ind. Sup. pl. 2. f. 17.
Cytherea damaoides, Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 107.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. pl. 127. f. 7-9.
Trigona damaoides, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. vin. p. 304.
Cytherea ponderosa, Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 107.

Phil. Abbild. Conch. pl. 1. f. 1.

Wood, Sup. 2. pl. 15.

Catlow, Cat. p. 40. no. 88.

Hab. Mare Rubrum; Oceanus Indicus.

5. TRIGONA POLITA. B.M.

T. testa trigona, depressa, polita, posticé angulata, pallide fulva,
cinerascente, distanter radiatim fulvo fasciata, ad umbones
angulatim lineata, intus alba; cardine, lateribus et margine
purpureo-tinctis ; latere postico ad basin subacuto, latere an-
tico rotundato; lunula parva, distincta, subinflata.

Cytherea polita, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 618. pl.127.f.14 (n. Lamk.).
Hab. Portus Natalensis.

6. TRIGONA AMBIGUA, Desh. B.M.

T. testa trigona, squilaterali, subeompressa, nitida, polita, sub-
transversa ; latere antico posticum zquante ; margine inferiore
parum arcuato ; umbonibus minimis, acutis, oppositis ; lunula
areaque subplanis ; lunula vix impressa, elongato-lanceolata ;
lunula areaque castaneo tinctis seu maculatis; valvis albo-
griseis, maculis rufescentibus biradiatis ; intus candidis, ad
latus posticum rubro-violascente maculatis; simu pallii an-
gusto, profundo, superné rectilineo, inferné arcuato.

Hab. 2

5
7. TRIGONA NITIDULA.

T. testa ovata, elliptica, levigata, fulvo rubente ; angulis trans-
versis sub duabus spadiceo-maculatis, natibus albidis.

48 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cytherea nitidula, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. t. vi. p. 305, no. 21.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 8. f. 4.a-d.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 98; in Wood, Sup. pl. 13. f. 19.
Catlow, Cat. p. 39. no. 72.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 296.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 616. pl. 128. f. 25? an eadem species ?

Hab, Mare Mediterraneum.
Il. Testa depressa, cardine quadridentato.

8. TRIGONA PLANULATA. BM.
T. testa trigona, depressiuscula, subequilaterali, angulis inferiori-
bus rotundatis ; postico hiante, pallide flavicante, radiis nume-
rosis fuscescentibus ornata; intus albida, fusco violaceo varia ;
dente laterali antico compresso, remoto.
Cytherea mactroides, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 567. no. 27
“(non Born nec Sowerby).
Deless. Rec. de Cog. pl. 8. f. 2.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 99; in Wood, Sup. pl. 13. f. 17.
Cytherea planulata, Brod. et Sow. Zool. Journ. t. v. p. 48.
Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 45, 46.
Sow. Genera of Shells, f. 2.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. i. p. 94. pl. 69. f. 2.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 105.
Donax Lessoni, Desh. Enc. Méth. Vers, t. ii. p. 99.
Trigona planulata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 304.
Venus planulata, D’Orb. Voy. en Amer. Moll. p. 559.

Hab. America centralis ; Coquimbo, in mare Chiliensi.

9. TRIGONA UNDULATA. B.M.

T. testa trigona, subaequilaterali, solida, angulis inferioribus ob-
tusis, postico clauso ; radiis interruptis, transversé undulatim
lineata ; lunula lanceolata, distincta; simu pallu lato, obliquo,
semiovato, intts in fornice albida, ad margines violacea, anticé
posticéque fusco-violascente.

Cytherea planulata, Sow. in Beechey’s Voy. Zool. pl. 43. f. 6.

Cytherea undulata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 618. pl. 27. f. 12.

Hab. Columbia.

10, TRIGONA COMPRESSA. B.M.

T. testa ovali, subtrigona, alba, vel fasciis rubescentibus varié
radiata, crassa, levi, compressa; margine ventrali subrotun-
dato, prope angulum posticum subecontracto,

.
$

¢
BIVALVE SHELLS. 49

Cytherea compressa, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 616. pl. 128. f. 33, 34.
Trigona radiata, Gray, 1838, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 305 (non
Sow. 1835). \
Cytherea stultorum? Phil. Abbild. Conch. t. ii. p. 180. pl. 5. f. 3.
(non Gray).
Hab. Caput Bone Spei (teste Sow.); Columbia (teste
Philippi).

ll. TRIGONA BICOLOR. B.M.

T. testa trigona, angulata, alba, post angulum castanea, alta,
compressa ; lateribus et margine ventrali rectis; latere pos-
tico subelongato, acutiusculo ; lunula elongata, distincta ; um-
bonibus acutis.

Trigona bicolor, Gray, in Analyst, 1838, t. viii. p. 304.
Cytherea bicolor, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 104.

Wood, 2nd Suppl. pl. 15. f. 16.

Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 617. pl. 127. f. 10, 11.

Hab. Mare Senegalense.

12. TRIGONA DOLABELLA.

T. testa trigona, solida, alta, pallida, laevigata, epidermide fusco
induta; latere postico angulato, subexcavato, ad basin sub-
rostrato; latere antico rotundato; lunula parva, distineta ;
margine vertrali subarcuato, umbonibus acutis.

Cytherea dolabella, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 619. pl. 127. f. 19.
Hab. Mare Rubrum.

III. Testa turgida, cardine quinque- vel sex-dentato.

13. TRIGONA INTERMEDIA.

T. testa ovali-subtrigona, alba, subeequilaterali, levi, compressa ;
margine ventrali fectiusculo ; latere postico subangulato ; um-
bonibus parvis, oppositis; lunula magna, ovata, vix delineata,
m medio convexiuscula.

Cytherea intermedia, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 619. pl. 128. f. 39.
Hab. Mare Californiense.

14. Trigona Dituwynl.

T. testa ovali-trigona, compressiuscula, subzequilaterali; latere
antico rotundato, postico obtusé subangulato, levigata, pallidé
flava vel alba, rufo inequaliter radiata; umbonibus parvis, an-
gustis, Oppositis ; lunula magna, regulariter ovali, plana, in

3

50 BIVALVE SHELLS.

medio fusea, fascia alba cireumscripta; area plana, fusco-vio-
lascenti.

Cytherea mactroides, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 615. pl. 128. f. 36.
‘(non Born, nee Chemn. nee Lamk.)

Hab. India occidentalis ?

15. TRIGONA FULMINATA.

T. testa subrhombea, equilaterali, levi, alba, radiis fasciisque zig-
zagformibus interruptis, rufis picta; area nulla, lunula foveola
cineta, dente cardinali postico striato.

Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 268. f. 2.

Cytherea fulminata, Philippi, Abbild. Conch. p. 198. pl. 3. f. 4.

* Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 641. pl. 133. f. 137.

Hab. ?

16. TRIGONA ARGENTINA.

T. testa subtriangulari, levi, subzequilaterali, anticé paululam
breviore, posticé acuminata, alba; epidermide tenui, pallide
fulva; margine dorsali postico rectilineo, antico subceoncavo,
ventrali aqualiter rotundato ; area lunulaque magnis, dente
cardinali striato.

Cytherea argentina, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, 46.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 105; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 15.
Phil. Abbild. Conch, pl, 3. f. 5. :
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 622, pl. 129. f. 62.

Hab. Mare Americz centralis,

17. TRIGONA HQUILATERA.

T. testa ovato-subtrigona, transversa, zequilaterali, turgida, cor-
diformi, bilunulata, laevigata, squalidé fuscescente, ints alba,
roseo-bimaculata ; cardine quadridentato; dente laterali acuto;
marginibus integris.

Cytherea equilatera, Desh. Rev. Zool. Soo. Cuv. 1839, p. 358 ;
Mag. de Zool. pl. 22.

Hab. Semblas, mari Mexicano.

18. TRIGONA TRIGONELLA. B.M.
T. testa sabhare trigona, levigata, albido fulve purpureoque
varia; lineis textis angulato-flexuosis ; intus maculata.

Cytherea trigonella, Lamk. An. s. Vert. 2 ed, t. vi. p. 307. no. 28.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 8. f. 3, a-d.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 51

Cytherea trigonella, Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 99 ; in Wood, Sup.
pl. 13. f. 18.
Catlow, Cat. p. 40. no. 108.
Philippi, Abbild. Conch. p. 21. pl. 3. f. 7?
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 617. pl. 128. f. 16.
Trigona angulifera, Gray in Analyst (1838), t. viii. p. 305.

Hab. Mare Antillarum.

19. TRIGONA RADIATA. B.M.

T. testa subtrigona, subzequilateralis, gibbosa, pallescente-brunneo
radiata et undulatim picta, levi, epidermide cornea, crassius-
cula plus minusve induta ; lateribus antico posticoque ventrem
versus rotundatis ; margine ventrali rectiusculo, intus levi.

Cytherea radiata, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 23.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 106.

Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 619. pl. 128. f. 28-31.
Venus Solangensis, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 564.
Var. a. Candida.

Var. 8. Fuscescens.
Var. 6. Alba fusco radiata.
Trigona Byronensis, Gray, Anal. t. viii. p. 804, 1838.

Hab. Columbia (Cuming) ; California.

20. TRIGONA MACTROIDES. B.M.

T. testa ventricosa, alta, subtrigona, subzequilaterali; latere antico
subrotundato, latere postico subcoarctato ; umbonibus magnis,
suboppositis ; colore pallide luteo, fasciis castaneis radiato,
vel omnino castaneo; pagina interiore alba.

Pectunculus triquetrus, Lister, Conch. pl. 251. f. 85.
Venus mactroides, Born, Test. Mus. p. 65, exclus. Knorrii Syn.
Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p. 324. pl. 31. f. 326.
Dillw. Cat. t. i. p. 172. no. 33, exclus. plur. synon.
Venus, Schrot. Einl. t. ii. p. 159. no. 15.
Venus Corbicula, Gmel. p. 3278. no. 39.
Venus, Encycl. Meth. pi. 269. f. 3.
Cytherea Corbicula, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 563.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, t. ii. p. 54. no. 6.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. 2 ed. t. vi. p. 301. no. 11.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 97.
Phil. Zeitsch. Malac. 1849, p. 40.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 614. pl. 128. f. 37, 38, 39 (non
mactroides).
Trigona corbicula, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 304.

Hab. India occidentalis; insula Martinicensis.
3*

52 BIVALVE SHELLS.

21. TRIGONA LINEATA.

T. testa trigona, subyentricosa, aquilaterali, tenui, levigata, sub-
cinerea, posticé angulatim trilmeata, anticé unipunctata, intus
ad latera purpurea; margine ventrali subrecto, lateribus sub-
rotundatis ; umbonibus parvulis, lateribus ezruleis; lunula
subangustata ; linea impressa circumscripta.

Cytherea lineata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 616. pl. 128. f. 26.
Hab. ——?

22. TRIGONA LEVIGATA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, subaequilaterali, tenui, albida vel
pallide lutescenti, laevigata, polita, lateraliter compressiuscula ;
umbonibus minimis acutis, oppositis ; latere postico subangu-
lato ; sinu pallu brevi, semiovato ; cardine dentibus tribus in-
requalibus.

Trigona levigata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 304, 1838.

Hab. 2?

23. TRIGONA TRIPLA. B.M.

T. testa trigona, crassa, eequilaterali, pallide fulva vel aurantiaca,
nonnunquam fasciis violaceis radiata, intus plerumque purpurea
vel violascente; latere postico angulato, magno, cordiformi
excavato, antico subangulato ; lunula distincta.

Pectunculus triquetrus albus, Lister, Conch. pl. 252. f. 86.
Le Tivel, Adans. Seneg. p. 239. pl. 18. f. 4, Tellina.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 269. f. 4.

Venus tripla, Linn. Mantissa, p. 545.

Chemn. Conch. t. vi. p. 328. pl. 31. f. 330-332.

Schrot, Einl. t. ni. p. 152.

Gmel. p. 3276. no. 29.

Dillw. Cat, t. i. p. 173. no. 34.

Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 34.

Cytherea tripla, Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. v. p. 563.

Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, t. ii. p- 54. no. 7.

Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. t. vi. p- 302. no. 12.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 97.

Philippi, Zeitsch. fiir Malac. 1849, p. 40. no. 13.

Sowerby, Conch. Man. f. 117 b.

Sowerby, Thes. Conch. p. 614. pl. 128. f. 18-22.
Trigona tripla, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. viii. p. 305, 1838.
Cytherea mactroides, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 615, pro Chem-

nitzii figuris * 330, 331.

Hab. Mare Senegalense.

BIVALVE SHELLS: 53

Bis, eadem figura Chemnitzi a clar. Sowerbyo citatur in syno-
nymia Cytherez triple atque in illa Cytherez mactroidis Bormn ;
primam speciem figura citata reproducit.

24. TRIGONA VENTRICOSA. BM.

T. testa subtrigona, inflata, altissima, levi; latere postico late
angulato et complanato, latere antico subincurvato ; margine
ventrali antic® subrotundato ; lunula cordiformi, i margine
impressa ; colore pallido, fusco fasciatim scripto.

Trigona ventricosa, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. t. vii. p. 304.

Cytherea ventricosa, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 613. pl. 127. f. 6.
Hab. Mare Chinense.

25. TrRiGoNA HINDsII. B.M.
T. testa trigona, ventricosa, solidiuscula, levigata, nitida, sub=
zequilaterali, albida, brunneo-nebulosa, utrinque obtusa ; latere
antico paululum majore; natibus incurvatis, pallidis; lunula
magna, subinconspicua, omnino pallida; pube fusco strigata ;
superficie interna albida; margine integro.
Cytherea Hindsii, Hanley in Wood, Ind. Test. Sup. pl. 15. £.:39;
Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 110.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 614. pl. 128. f. 27.

Hab. In sinu Guayaquilensi.

26. TRIGONA GRACILIOR.

T. testa alba, C. radiate simili, sed magis elongata, latere pos-
tico subattenuato (Sowerby).

Cytherea gracilior, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 619. pl. 128. f. 32.
Hab. 2

27. TRIGONA HANLEYANA.

T. testa subovali-trigona, subobliqua, meequilaterali, ten, levi,
pallidissimé grisea, fasciis interruptis radiatis fuscis et ad la-
tus posticum macula una distincta picta; latere postico sub-
elongato ; umbonibus parvulis, ceruleis; lunula indistincta.

Cytherea Hanleyana, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 616. pl. 128. f. 23, 24.
Hab. 2

28. TRIGONA INCERTA.

T. testa alba, levi, ventricosa, equilaterali, ovali subtrigona ;
umbonibus parvulis, utrinque rubro tinctis ; lineis pallidis, ful-
vis, angulatis, sparsis ; lunula maxima, plana, ovata; cardine
angusto, dente laterali lamelloso, pralongo.

54 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cytherea incerta, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 617. pl. 128. f. 17.
Hab. S. Joan. Coll. Cuming.

IV. Species dubie.

29. TRIGONA NUCULA.

T. testa cordato-ovata, transversim striata, striis anticé argutis,
medio obsoletis, alba; extremitate utraque acutiuscula ; mar-
gine dorsali antico rectilineo, postico arcuato, anticum bis
wquante; lunula cordata, partum distincta ; area nulla; liga-
mento extiis vix conspicuo; dentibus in valva dextra quatuor,
geminatis, preter anticum internum ad foveam, in valva sinis-
tra tribus, antico remoto; sinu palliari acutangulo, mediam
testam haud attingente.

Trigona nucula, Philippi, Zeits. fiir Malac. 1848, p. 144. no. 89.
Hab. In mari Chiliensi vel Peruviano.

30. TrR1GONA DuBIA, Sow. jun. See “T. DAMAOIDES,” p. 47.
Hab. China.

Genus 6. DIONE.

Animal ovato-oblongum, posterits tracheis duabus coadu-
natis terminatum, aperture trachearum ad marginem tentaculate,
tentaculis simplicibus; pallii margines anticé inferneque dis-
juncte, lobe plicatz,, posteriis supra trachearum basin tentacu-
latee ; pes maximus, compressus, lmguiformis ; labiarum appen-
dices trigone, anguste, acuminate; branchie elongatz, ineequales,
transverse, posterilis connectz, acuminate, exteriores angusti-
ores.

Testa ovata, transversa, ineequilateralis, clausa ; margimibus in~
tegris sepius obtusis; cardine in utraque valva tridentato, dente
laterali antico, lunulari adjuncto ; impressio pallii posticé sinu-
osa; sinus profundus, latus, semiovatus.

Vulvaria, Klein (1744), Ostrae. p. 155.

Venus (spee.), Linn. (1758) Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 684; (1764),
Mus. Ulric. p. 497 ; Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1128.

oe Schroter, Murray, Born, Barbut, Gmelin, Dillwyn,
Wood.

Pectunculus, Da Costa (1778), Conch. Brit. p. 184.

Calista, Calistoderma, Poli (1795), Test. Sicil. ii. 252.

Meretrix (ex parte), Lamk. (1799) Mém. de la Soc. d’Hist. Nat.
de Paris, p. 85; (1801), Syst. des An. s. Vert. p. 122.

Cytherea (ex parte), Lamk., Roissy (1805), Moll. Buff. vi. 336 ;

BIVALVE SHELLS. 55

(1809) Phil. Zool. i.; (1812), Extrait du Cours; (1818), An.
s. Vert. v. 559.
Dione, Megerle (1811), Magasin de Berlin.
Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 183.
Venus a, 8, Schumacher (1817), Essai dune Class. p. 151.
Chione, Gray (1838), Analyst, viii. 338 (non Megerle).

Synopsis SPECIERUM.
I. Testa inflata, subtrigona, incrassata; sinus pallii latus, brevis,
sp. 1, 2.
IJ. Testa ovato-transversa, solidas sinus pallii latus, profundus,
a. Testa levigata, 3-15.
b. Testa suleata, 16-26.
III. Testa ovata, tumida vel subtrigona; sinus pallii angustus,

profundus. ;
a. Testa levigata vel striata, 27-57.

b. Testa sulcata vel lamellosa, 58-74.
IV. Testa trigona, 75-82.
V. Testa ovato-transversa, angusta, 83-86.

Species dubie, 87-94.

I. Testa inflata, subtrigona, incrassata ; sinus pallii latus, brevis.

1. DIONE UMBONELLA. B.M.

D. testa cordata, tumida, inzequilaterali, basi purpurascente, su-
perné alba, postico latere lzvi, antico transverse sulcato ; um-
bonibus tessellatis.

Cytherea umbonella, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 319. no. 55.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 102.
Catiow, Cat. p. 40. no. 112.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 622. pl. 130. f. 63-66.

C. nivea, Hanley, Sp. of Shells, p. 97.

Hab. Mare Rubrum et Brasiliense.

9. DIONE IMPAR. B.M.

D. testa subovali, crassa, levi, alta, anticé suleata, omnino fasciis
fuscis violascentibus interruptis radiata, intus violaceo-tincta ;
margine dorsali livido, retuso, fusco-maculato, subangulato,
latere antico brevissimo, postico obtuse; lunula excavata,
livida; umbonibus magnis.

56 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cytherea impar, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 565. ed. 2. vi. 304. no. 16.
"Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 98; in Wood, Sup. pl. 11. f. 7.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 29. pl. 5. f. 5.
Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 41. no. 240.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 625. pl. 131. f. 77.
Chione impar, Gray, Anal. vii. 305.
Var. 8. Testa angustiore, albo-flavescente, pallide violaceo mul-
tiradiata, radiis transversim interruptis.

Hab. Nova Uollandia ad Flumen Cygnorum:

Il. Testa ovato-transversa, solida ; sinus pallii latus, profundus.

a. Testa levigata.

3. DIONE AURANTIA. B.M.

D. testa ovali, erassa, levigata, aurantiaca, intus alba, epidermide
fusca induta; latere antico brevi, rotundato, latere pestico
obscure biangulato, ad terminum subaeuminato; hgamento
elongato ; lunula elongata, distincta,

Cytherea aurantia, Hanley, Sp. of Shells, Append.
Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 20.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 628. pl. 132. f. 97 bis.

Cytherea aurantiaca, Sow. Genera of Shells, f. 3.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 69. f. 3.

Chione aurantia, Gray, Analyst, viii. 305.

Hab. America meridionalis ; Acapulco.

4. Dione CHIONE. B.M,

D. testa ovali, crassa, subeompressa, leevigata, fulva, fusco-rubes-
cente maculata et radiata; latere antico brevi, rotundato, pos-
tico rotundato; lunula elongata, distincta, vix tumida; hga-
mento subelongato ; margine dorsali subelevato.

Pectunculus, Lister, Conch. pl. 269. f. 105.
Concha, Bonanni, Recreat. Cl. 2. f. 64, 65.
Pectunculus maximus, Petiv. Gazoph. p. 86. no. 833.
Chama inzequilatera, Gualt. Ind. pl. 86. f. A.
D’ Argenv. pl. 21. f. C.
Regenfuss, Choix de Cog. pl. 8. f. 17.
Knorr, Vergn. vi. pl. 4. f. 1.
Ginanni, Opere Post. ii. pl. 22. f. 188.
Pectunculus glaber, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. p. 184. pl. 14. f. 7.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 266. f. 1.
Venus Chione, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 686; ed. 12. p. 1131;
Mus. Ulric. ii. 500. no. 58.

én
“I

BIVALVE SHELLS,

Venus Chione, Born, Test. Mus. p. 63.
Gronov. Zoophyl. p. 269. no. 1145.
Chemn. Conch. vi. p. 344. pl. 32. f. 343.
Gmel. p. 3272. no. 16.
Poli, Test. Sicil. 1. pl. 20.
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 115.
Donov. Brit. Sheiis, i. pl. 17.
Dillw. Cat. i. 176.
Cytherea Chione, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 566; ed. 2. vi. 305.
Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. 1. 40.
Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 396. pl. 27, & pl. L. f. 8.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 628. pl. 132. f. 98.
Chione vulgaris, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 305.
Var. Tota alba in Museo Britannico.

Hab. Oceanus Europzus ; mare Mediterraneum ; aliqui di-
cunt Antillas quoque habitare.

5. DIONE MACULATA. B.M.

D. testa D. Chioni simili, sed anticé elongatiuscula, prope lunu-
lam magis excavata, posticé subacuminata, subangulata ; ln-
nula tumida.
Bonanni, Observat. f. 7.
Knorr, Vergn. v. pl. 20. f. 4.
Favanne, Conch. pl. 46. f. F. 1.
Chama, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 86. f. 1.
D? Argenv. pl. 21. f. H.

Pectunculus maculatus, Lister, Conch. p. 270. f. 106.
Hebenstreit, Mus. Richt. p. 283.
Regenfuss, Choix de Coq. pl. 8. f. 16.

Le Jouret, Adans. Voy. au Sénég. p. 230. pl. 17. f. 15.

Venus maculata, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 686; ed. 12.
p-. 1132; Mus. Ulric. p. 500. no. 59.

Born, Test. Mus. p. 64.

Gronov. Zoophyl. p. 269. no. 1146.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 345. pl. 33. f. 345.
Schrét. Hinl. ii. 125.

Gmel. p. 3272. no. 17.

Dillw. Cat. i. 178.

Venus Chione, var. 8, Kammerer, Rudols. p. 206.

Encycl. Méth. pl. 265. f. 4.

Cytherea maculata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 566; ed. 2. vi. 306.
no. 23.

Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 56. no. 12.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 98.
3%

Sa tS

58 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cytherea maculata, Sow. Conch. Man. f. 117 d; Thes. Conch.
“p. 629. pl. 131. f. 93, 94, 97. .
Conrad, Shells of Tampa Bay, Sill. Journ. ser. 2. 1. 394.
Chione maculata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 306.

Hab. Mare Antillarum ; Brasilia; littus Floridarum ; Oceanus
Pacifieus (Cuming); Guinea (Regenfuss); littus Senegalense
(Adanson) ; insulz Sandwichienses.

6. DIONE SQUALIDA. B.M.

D. testa ovato-subcordata, crassiuscula, leevi, pallidé fusca, non-
nunquam maculis irregularibus saturatioribus ; epidermide
fusea ; latere postico longiore, prope partem ventralem sub-
acuminato.

Cytherea squalida, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 23.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 104; in Wood, Sup. pl. 13. f. 40.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 629. pl. 131. f. 87, 88, 89.

Chione squalida, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 306, 1858.

Cytherea biradiata, Sow. Beechey’s Voy. pl.

Venus squalida, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 565.

‘Testa junior : Cytherea elegans, Koch in Phil. Abbild. Conch. 1.
150. pl. 1. f. 4.

Hab. Sancta Helena; California; insule Philippine.

7. DIONE RUTILA,

D. testa ovato-transversa, inzquilaterali, tumida, crassa, utroque
latere obtusa, laevigata, nitida, pallide fiavido-luteola, maculis
latis, transversis, inequalibus rufo-castaneis picta; albo longi-
tudinaliter pauciradiata, radiis angustis ; lunula vix perspicua,
elongata, linea impressa cireumscripta; latere postico maculis
irregularibus saturatioribus ornato ; valvis intus candidissimis,
dente lunari cardine approximato.

Cytherea rutila, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 743. pl. 163. f. 205.
Dione rutila, Desk. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852.

Hab.

? Coil. Cuming.

8. Dione HaGENowl. B.M.

D. testa ovata, obliqué subcordata, levi, nitida, concentricé ob-
soleté plicata, fusca, subradiata, radiis 2-3 latioribus interrup-
tis rufo-castaneis ornata; umbonibus tumidis, concentricé ele-
ganterque sulcatis ; lunula excavata, cordato-lanceolata ; area
utrinque castaneo-maculata.

Cytherea Hagenowi, Dunker, Zeits. fiir Malak. 1848, p. 184.

no. 17.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 59

Cytherea spathulata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 625. pl. 131.
i; (3, 79s

Hab. Mare Rubrum.

Chione affinis ad latus posticum magis attenuata; intus alba ;
cicatricule musculares flavo tincte.

9. DIONE OBESA. B.M.

D. testa ovali, laevigata, ventricosa, crassa, obscuré biradiata, in
radiis maculata ; lunula impressa, livida, ovato-acuminata ; um-
bonibus depressis, brevibus, oppositis ; area leviter excavata ;
intus candida, in medio pallide rosea vel violascente.

Cytherea obesa, Sow. Thes. Conch. p- 626. pl. 131. f. 83, 84.
Var. Testa alba, lunula violascente.

Hab. 2

10. DioNE PLANATELLA. B.M.?

D. testa ovata, planulata, transversim suleata, alba, maculis
variis fulvis; imtus violaceo maculata.
Chemn. Conch. vii. t. 43. litt. B 2?
Cytherea planatella, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 305. n. i9.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 98.
Catlow, Cat. p. 39. no. 85.
An eadem species? Philippi, Abbild. Conch. p. 199. pl. 3. f. 6.

Hab. Terra Van Diemenensis (Philippi).

11. Dioner FESTIVA. B.M.

D. testa subovali, crassa, levi, anticé suleata, fulvo-rubescente.
lineis et fasciis rubris radiata, latere antico brevi, postico ad
terminum subobtuso; lunula impressa, rubra.

Cytherea festiva, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 625. pl. 130. f. 72.

Hab. 2

12. DIoNE PIPERITA.

D. testa lubrica, parva, ovali, subdepressa, pallide fulva, grisee
obscuré radiata, maculis nigrescentibus parvis angulatis sparsa ;
latere antico brevi, obscuré sulcato, postico subacuminato :
lunula distincta, ovata, carneola; area parumper excavata.
lineis rubris liturata.

Cytherea piperita, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 625. pl. 136. f. 175.
Hab. Insula Burias Philippinarum. Coll. Cuming.

60 BIVALVE SHEIAS.

13. Dione canpipa, Desh. B.M.

D. testa clongato-transversa, ovata, inzequilaterali, compressa,
eandidissima, latere antico brevi, obtuso, transversim et iregu-
lariter sulcata, sulcis tenuibus; margine superiore postico
gibboso, inferiore subrecto ; umbonibus parvis, oppositis ; lu-
nula elongata, acuminata, m medio prominente; sinu pallu
angusto, apice obtuso, marginibus suis feré parallelis.

Hab. Terva Van Diemenensis.

14. Dione LIMATULA.

D. testa oblonga, subventricosa. polita, pallide lutea, maculis
fuscis angulatis seriatim positis hine et hine radiata; latere
antico brevi, lunula distincta, partim fusco-picta ; latere pos»
tico subquadrato ; area dorsali fusco picta; margine ventrali
rectiusculo.

Cytherea limatula, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 640. pl. 136. f. 200, 201.
Hab. ?

15. Dione VULNERATA.

D. testa subglobosa, lineis concentricis creberrimis levibus al-
bente, fasciis angustis, purpureo-sanguineis hine et hine or-
vata; lunula et area postica subatropurpureis ; limbo ventrali
rubro, intus suberenulato ; epidermide subfusca, tus alba,
subroseo suffusa.

Cytherea vulnerata, Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 46.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 105.
Catlow, Cat. p. 40. no. 116.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 632. pl. 131. f. 95, 96.

Hab. America centralis, loco Real Llejos dicto.

b. Testa sulcata.

16. DIONE PURPURATA.

D. testa suborbiculari, depressiuscula, inzequilaterali, anticé lati- |
ore, rotundata, posticé angustiore, transversim anticé sulcata, |
in medio posticeque levigata, purpurea fasciis transversis pal-
lidioribus interrupta, intus candidissima ; sinu pallii profundo,
trigono, rectilineo, apice acutiusculo; lunula in medio alba,
excavata, clongato-acuminata, angulo circumdata.

Cytherea purpurata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 563. no. 9; Desh.
ed. 2. vi. SOL. no. 9.
ra Deser. Cat. p. 96; in Wood, Ind. Test. Sup. pl. 9.
. 10,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 61

Cytherea purpurata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 622. pl. 130. f. 67.
Cytherea lubrica, Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835.

Venus purpurata, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 552.

Chione purpurascens, Gray, Anal. vi. 306.

Hab. America centralis, Puerto Portrero (Cuming).

17. DioNE UNICOLOR. B.M.

D. testa ovato-subcordiformi, crassiuscula, brunnescente, leviter
polita; latere antico posticoque concentricé sulcatis, sulcis me-
dio obsoletis ; latere postico longiore, versus partem ventralem
subacuminato ; margine ventrali levi, intus purpurascente.

Cytherea unicolor, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 23.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 105; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 28.
Catlow, Cat. p. 40. no. 113.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 629. pl. 131. f. 90, 91.
Chione badia, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 306, 1838.
Cytherea ligula, Anton, Verz. p. 7. no. 255.
Philippi, Abbild. Conch. pl. 1. f. 2.
Var. 8. Testa alba.
Var. y. Testa pallide flava.
Var. 6. Testa striis minoribus, badia.

Hab, Colombia occidentalis.

18. Dione CHINENSIS.

D. testa subovali, subdepressa, dimidiatim sulcata, alba, rufo-
radiata et maculata; margine dorsali albo, elevato; lunula im-
pressa, rubra; latere postico subacuminato, intus pallide flavida;
sinu palli lato, profunde, ut in Dione Chione.

Venus Chinensis, Chemn. Conch. xi. 227. pl. 202. f. 1976.
Venus pacifica, Dillw. Cat. 1. 175. no. 40.
Cytherea Erycina, var. 6, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 564.

Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 303.
Cytherea Sinensis, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 624. pl. 131. f. 79, 89.
Var. 8. Testa latior, alba, posticé uniradiata, intus alba.

Hab. Mare Chinense; Nova Hollandia.

19. DIONE FLORIDA.

D. testa ovato-transversa, compressiuscula, extremitatibus obtusa,
alba, spadiceo inzequaliter radiata, maculis minimis pallidion-
bus notata, transversim et regulariter sulcata; sulcis latis,
planulatis, anticé profundioribus, posticé aliquantisper evanes-
centibus ; lunula ovato-cordata, spadicea vel alba, aut lineolis
rubescentibus variegata ; area excavata, lineolis undulatis, nu-

62 BIVALVE SHELLS.

merosis, rubescentibus ornata; intus in fornice alba, posticé et
ad margines profunde violacea.

Cytherea florida, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 565.
Desh. Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 305. no. 20.
Delessert, Rec. de Coq. pl. 8. f. 7.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 98 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 22.
Philippi, Abbild. Conch. ii. 180. pl. 5. f. 4.
Var. 8. Testa paulo latior.
Cytherea pulehra, Gray, in Wood, Suppl. pl. 2. f. 16.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 104.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 624. pl. 130. f. 73.
Chione pulchra, Gray, Anal. viii. 305.
Cytherea semisulcata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 624. pl. 131.
f. 82.
Var. y. Testa non radiata, lineis maculisve violaceis undatis
variegata.
Cytherea Erycinella, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. no. 7;
Desh. Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 304. no. 17.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 624. pl. 131. f. 85.
Savigny, Exped. d Egypte, pl. 9. f. 1.

Hab. Mare Rubrum; Mozambique, Madagascar. (Australia,
Lamk.)

20. DIONE GRATA.

D. testa transversim ovata, imzquilaterali, inflata, suboviformi,
flava, longitudinaliter violaceo-fuscescente radiata, transversim
regulariter sulcata, sulcis regularibus, approximatis, depressis;
umbonibus tumidis, obliquis; lunula magna, cordata, roseo-pur-
purascente ; area paululum excavata, lineis rubris distantibus
flexuosis ; valvis intus posticé violaceis.

Cytherea pectoralis, Sow. (non Lamk.) Thes. Conch. p. 625.
pl. 130. f. 75.

Hab. Insule Philippme (Cuming).

21. Dioner Erycina.

D. testa ovali, crassa, concentricé planulatim suleata, medio fusea,
ad margines aurantia, prope marginem dorsalem fusco et albo
maculata, omnino fusco et albo interruptim radiata; latere
antico brevi; lunula distincta, aurantia.

Pectunculus levis, Lister, Conch. pl. 268. f. 104.

_ Knorr, Vergn. iv. pl. 3. f. 5.
Venus Erycina, Linn, Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 686; ed. 12. p. 1131.

no. 122.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 63

Venus Erycina, Favanne, Conch. pl. 46. f. F. 2.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 264. f. 2.
Schrét. Einl. ii. 120.
Gmel. p. 3271. no. 13.
Dillw. Cat. i. 175. no. 38.
Wood, ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 38.
Cytherea Erycina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 564.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 55. no. 9; in Lamk. ed. 2. vi.
303. no. 14.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 71. f. 3.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 97.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 623. pl. 130. f. 69.
Chione Erycina, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 305.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus et Chinensis.

22. DIONE COSTATA. B.M.

D. testa transversim ovata, nitida, alba, spadiceo biradiata et ve-
nulis rufescentibus sparsis variegata, transversim regulariter
costata, costis glabris convexis latioribus ; vulva lanceolata ;
lunula cordiformi, impressa.

Venus costata, Chemn. Conch. xi. 226. pl. 202. f. 1975.
Dillw. Cat. i. 175. no. 39.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 39.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 106.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 623. pl. 130. f. 70, 71.

Hab. Ceylon (Chemnitz); Manilla (Cuming) ; Nova Hollandia
ad Flumen Cygnorum.

23. DIONE MULTIRADIATA.

D. testa ovato-transversa, inzequilaterali, turgidula, antice obtusa,
posticé angustiore, transversim in latere antico obsoleté sulcata,
nitida, rufa, fasciis transversis albicantibus interrupta, longitu-
dinaliter fusco multiradiata, radius pluribus angustis; lunula
angusta, aurantia, lineis rubescentibus undulatis circumdata ;
intus alba, marginibus croceis.

Cytherea multiradiata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 623. pl. 130. f. 76.
Hab. Smus Manillensis.

24, DIONE LILACINA. B.M.

D. testa ovato-transversa, turgidula, inzequilaterali, utrmque ob-
tusa, fulva, obscuré radiata, transversim regulariter suleata ;
lunula ovato-lanceolata, laevigata, rubescente; valvis intus albis,
utraque extremitate pallide violaceis.

64 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus Eryeina, var., Chemn. Conch. vi. 334. pl. 32. f. 338, 339.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 264. f. 3.
Cytherea lilacina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 564.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 55, no. 10; in Lamk. An. s.
Vert. ed. 2. vi. 303. :
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 98 ; in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 15.
£12.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 626. pl. 130. f. 74.
Chivone lilacina, Gray, Anal. viii. 305.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus.

95, DIONE MULTISTRIATA.

D. testa ovali, subelongata, concentricé striata, fulva fusco et
roseo variegata et interruptim radiata; latere antico brevi,
postico subacuminato ; lunula rubra, ovata.

Cytherea multistriata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 628. pl. 136-4 177.
Var. 8. Testa striis obsoletis, flava subradiata albo maculata ;
area alba, lineis latis undulatis rubris ornata.

Hab. Nova Zelandia.

26. DIoNE PHASIANELLA.

D. testa minima, transversim sulcata, ovato-transversa, inequila-
terali, antic rotundata, posticé apgustiore, obtusé angulata,
lateraliter compressiuscula, violaceo-castanea ; punctulis lmeo-
lisve angulosis notata biradiata, radiis albo et fusco articulatis ;
umbonibus minimis, albis ; lunula minima, saturate castanea,
in medio convexiuscula; latere postico lineis fuscis eleganter
liturato, sulcis regularibus, depressis, posterits latioribus; vul-
vis intus albo-violaceis.

Venus Phasianella, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Hab. ? Coll. Cuming.

Ill. Testa ovata, tumida vel subtrigona ; sinus pall angustus,
profundus.

a. Testa levigata vel striata.

97. DIONE LATA. B.M.

D. testa inflata, subrotundata, levi, albida, fasciis fulvis imter-
ruptim radiata, intus rosea ; latere postico rotundatim subqua-
drato, margine dorsali inflato, margine ventrali anticé elevato ;
latere antico brevissimo, carina una angulato ; lunula distincta,
subexcavata,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 65

Chama equilatera, Gualt. Ind. pl. 75. f. M?
Knorr, Vergn. iv. pl. 24. f. 2?
Venus lta, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 686; ed. 12. p. 1132.
no. 128.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 354. pl. 34. f. 353, 354.
Schrot. Einl. iii. 127. pl. 8. f. 72; loc. cit. p. 162. no. 21.
Gmel. p. 3273. no. 192
Dillw. Cat: 1. 180. no. 50.
Venus affinis, Gmel. p. 3278. no. 43.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 266. f. 4. a, b.
Cytherea lata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 567. no. 26.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 49.
Desh. Encycl. Meéth. Vers, ii. 56. no. 14; in Lamk. ed. 2.
vi. 307. no. 26.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 99.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 636. pl. 133. f. 123, 124.
Venus tumescens, Blainv. Malac. pl. 74. f. 1.
Chione leta, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 305.
Cytherea prora, Conrad, Ann. Nat. Sc. Phil. vii. 253. pl. 19.
f. 18?

Hab. Oceanus Indicus ; Insule Philippine.

28. DIONE INFLATA. B.M.

D. testa inflata, subovali, levi, alba, fusco radiatim variegata ;
latere postico subquadrato; latere antico rotundato, brevius-
culo, margine ventrali elevato; lunula indistincta, subexcavata ;
umbonibus subretrorsis.

Cytherea inflata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 637. pl. 133. f. 127, 128.

Hab. Insule Philippe atque Moluccenses.

29. DIONE CONSANGUINEA.

D. testa tenui, inflata, laevigata, pallida, prope umbones radiata,
margine ventrali rotundata, anticé elevata ; margine dorsali de-
clivi, anticé subacuminato ; lunula lata, cireumscripta ; umbo-
nibus inflatis, roseis.

Cytherea consanguinea, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 743. pl. 163.
1 PALS.

Hab. Panama (Adams).

30. DIoNE OBLIQUATA.

D. testa ovato-cordata (interdum oblongo-cordata), tumida aut
ventricosa, solidiuscula, subleevigata, albida, lineis angularibus
minutissimis brunneis aspersa; margine ligamentali convexi-
usculo, subdeclivi; ventrali subarcuato; lunula magna, indi-

66 BIVALVE SHELLS.

stincta, colorum experte; natibus valdé obliquis, candidis,
ligamento angusto ; extremitate postica obtusa, superficie in-
terne alba aut albido-rosea; margine integro.

Cytherea obliquata, Wood, Ind. Test. Sup. pl. 15. f. 24.
Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 107; Sp. of Shells, Ap-

end.

er Thes. Conch. p. 636. pl. 132. f. 125, 126.
Hab. Insule Philippine.

31. DIoNE CORDIFORMIS.

D. testa cordato-globosa, crassa, obsoleté concentricé striata,
striis ad basin sublamellosis, albida, subflava, punctulis non-
nullis badiis concentricé irregulariterque adspersa; umbonibus
tumidis incurvis, antrorsum inclinatis; area magna vix termi-
nata; labiis tumescentibus; ligamento profundée immerso.

Cytherea cordiformis, Dunker, Zeits. fiir Malak. 1848, p. 185.
no. 15.

Hab. ?

32. DIoNE VARIANS. B.M.

D. testa ovato-cordata, inzequilaterali, subventricosa, tenuiuscula,
alba, maculis et lineis angulatim flexuosis castaneis variegata,
concentricé (et anticé presertim) sulcato-striata; lunula magna,
cordata, linea impressa cireumscripta, alba, macula castanea
aut livido-purpurascente basi ornata ; pube castaneo-venulata ;
superficie interna omnino albida; margine integro; cardine
ut in Cytherea leeta.

Cytherea varians, Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 15. f. 33.
Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 109; Spec. of Shells, 8.
Cytherea rubiginosa, Phil. Abbild. pl. 3. f. 2.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 639. pl. 133. f. 138, 139.

Hab.

33. DIONE SUBPELLUCIDA. BM.

2 2Mare Brasiliense; ? mare Antillarum.

D. testa subovali, ventricosa, tenui, levi, purpurascente-grisea,
maculis fuscis seriatim radiata, latere antico brevi, lunula indi-
stincta; latere postico subelongato, subquadrata, margine dor-
sali declivi ; umbonibus prominulis.

Cytherea subpellucida, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 639. pl. 133. f. 136.
Hab. Insula Lugon Philippmarum.
34. Dione CROCEA.

D). testa ovato-trigona, turgida, cordiformi, inequilaterali, levigata,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 67

polita, tenui, intus extusque pallide aurantia, ad marginem in-
feriorem saturatiore; umbonibus tumidis, parum obliquis,
acutis, rosaceis; lunula vix distincta, magna, ovato-cordata,
linea tenuissima circumdata ; ligamento immerso; area pos-
ticali indistincta, nitentiore colorata; valvis tenuibus; sinu
pallii parum profundo, trigono, apice obtuso.

Dione crocea, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Insule Philippme. Coll. Cuming.

35. DIONE RUFESCENS.

D. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, tumida, inzequilaterali, lavi-
gata, transversim irregulariter striata, rufescente pallide cas-
tanea, posterius angulo obliquo obsoleto, inflexa, anticé angus-
tiore obtusa, posticé declivi, convexiuscula, margine inferiore
convexo, anticé ascendente ; umbonibus brevibus, tumidulis,
obliquis; lunula magna, ovato-cordata, in longitudine con-
cava, ad apicem atroviolacea, fusca, et leis fuscis fulgurata ;
area elongato-acuminata, fusca; valvis intus pallide croceis ;
margine cardinali posticé rubro maculato; sinu palli profundo,
satis lato, apice obtuso, basi latiore.

Dione rufescens, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Insule Philippine. Coll. Cuming.

36. DIONE PELLUCIDA.

D. testa ovali, tenui, pellucida, alba, lineolis fulvis lituratis
transversim picta; natibus obliqué inflexis rufis; lunula basi
violacea.

Cytherea pellucida, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 313. no. 43.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 101.
Catlow, Cat. p. 39. no. 79.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 639. pl. 136. f. 190.

Hab. Nova Hollandia (Lamk.),

37. DIONE HEBRAA. B.M.

D. testa obliqué cordata, ventricosa, transversim striata, alba,
fulvo liturata, subradiata ; ano nullo.

Cytherea hebrea, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 308. no. 30.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 8. f. 6.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 99; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 21.
Catlow, Cat. p. 38. no. 46.
Hab. 2

Species sub nomine hebreez Lamarckii a clar. Sowerbyo deli-
neata non est ejusdem generis ; vide Circe Sowerbyi, Desh.

68 BIVALVE SHELLS.

38. Dione purRA, Desh. B.M.

D. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, turgidula, tenui, inaquilate-
rali, anterius obtusa, posterius magis attenuata, trausversim et
irregulariter striata, intus extusque candida, umbonibus tumi-
dulis, obliquis; lunula vrs distincta, linea tenul cireumdata,
ovata; sinu pallii brevi, triangulari, subeequilaterali.

Hab. Callao (Hinds).

39. DIoNE TUMENS. B.M.

D. testa trigono-cordata, ventricosa, albida, unicolore, striata,
medio et inferius antiquata; natibus incurvis acutis; imtus
candida, valvularum margine itegerrima.

Venus tumens, Gmel. Syst. Nat. p. 3292. no. 124.
Le Pitar, Adans. Cog. Sénéq. p. 226. pl. 16. f. 7.
Cytherea tumens, Menke, Zeits. fiir Malak. 1849, p. 40. no. 14.
Cytherea albina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 307.

Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 8. f. 5.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 99.

Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 13. f. 20.

Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 663. pl. 133. f. 121.
Venus pitar, D’Orb. Moll. des Canar. p. 106. no. 186.
Cytherea striata, Sow. jun. (non Gray) Thes. Conch. p. 637.

pl. 132. f. 114, 115.

Hab. Mare Senegalense.

40. DIONE VIRGO. B.M.

D. testa ovato-subtrigona, inflata, solida, subcordata, imequi-
laterali, candidissima; apicibus seepius roseis, transversim
irregulariter striata, striis tenuibus, subobsoletis ; lunula lata,
cordata, planulata; ligamento immerso; margine inferiore
rotundato.

Chione virgo, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 306.
Hab. Senegambia; Java (Cuming).

41. DIONE ALBIDA. B.M.

D. testa ovato-transversa, inaquilaterali, lateraliter compressius-
cula, levigata vel irregulariter striata, alba, aliquando pallide
sulphurea vel flavo marmorata; lunula lanceolata, linea tenuis-
sima impressa circumscripta.

Pectunculus albidus, Lister, Conch. pl. 273. f. 109.
Venus, no. 37, Schrét. Einl. iii. 168.

Venus albida, Gmel. p. 3287. no. 88 (exelus. var.),
Venus exoleta, var., Dillw. Cat. i. 196.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 69

Chione albida, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 305.
Cytherea albida, Hanley in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 31.
Cytherea Kingii, var., Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 638. pl. 133. f. 131.

Hab. Jamaica (Lister).

42. Dione KINGII. B.M.

D. testa ovali-oblonga, subcompressa, medio leevigata, ad latera
substriata, albida castaneo fasciatim varié radiata ; latere antico
brevi, declivi: lunula elongata, in medio carinulata, distincta ;
latere postico elongato, subquadrato, margine dorsali subele-
vato.

Venus Kingii, Gray, in Wood, Suppl. f. 9.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 106; Recent Shells, p. 103,
Catlow, Cat. p. 38. no. 55.

Cytherea Kingii (ex parte), Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 638. pl. 133.

f. 129.

Hab. Ynsule Nicobarice.

43. DioNE INNOCENS.

D. testa ovali, levigata, compressa, concentricé tenuiter striata,
pallida, versus marginem fulva, interruptim radiata; margine
dorsali lzevi, submaculato ; lunula parva, distincta, planulata ;
latere postico obtusé rotundatim angulato, subtruncato.

Cytherea innocens, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 743. pl. 163. f. 210.
Hab. 2

44. DIONE DISRUPTA.

D. testa ovali, laevigata, subcompressa, concentricé tenuiter
striata, albida, fulvo disruptim radiata et maculata; margine
dorsali declivi, polito, maculis magnis castaneis variegato ;
lunula excavata ; latere antico breviusculo, postico subacumi-
nato.

Cytherea disrupta, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 743. pl. 163. f. 208,
209.

Hab. Nova Zelandia.

45. DionE LAMARCKII. B.M.

D. testa ovato-transversa, nzequilaterali, extremitatibus obtusa,
tumidula, levigata, nitida, irregulariter obsoleté striata, casta-
neo-fusca, albo ineequaliter radiata; imtus alba, cardine an-
gusto ; sinu pallu trigono, apice acuto, subeequilaterali.

Chione Lamarckii, Gray, Anal. vin. 306.

70 PRIVALVE SHELLS.

Chione Lamarckii, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 103.
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 39. no. 58.
Cytherea Kingii, var., Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 638. pl. 133. f. 130.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus.

46. Dione PUDICA.

D. testa obliqué ovato-cordata, ventricosa, pallide flavescente-
carnea, inferius zonis nonnullis liquidis; poreis concentricis
tenuibus confertissimis striatis, in disco valvarum passim fissis
cincta; ano elliptico-ovato, linea impressa circumscripto ;
vulva lineari impressa ; ligamento angusto, immerso; intra alba,
sub pube pudorina, valvarum margine integerrimo.

Cytherea pudica, Menke, Zeits. fiir Malak. 1849, p. 146. no. 2.
Hab. ——?

47. DIONE BULLATA. B.M.

D. testa oblongo-subquadrata, alba, tenui, concentricé substriata,
ventricosa ; umbonibus inflatis; latere antico brevé subacu-
minato, superné subexcavato; lunula distincta; latere postico
quadrato, subangulato ; margine dorsali declivi, margine ven-
trali rectiusculo.

Cytherea bullata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 640. pl. 136. f. 192.
Hab. Caput York, Nove Hollandiz.

48. DroNE SUBINFLATA.

D. testa ventricosa, subrotundata, levi, fulva, prope umbones
angulatim maculata, tim albo radiata; umbonibus elevatis
inflatis ; latere postico rotundatim subquadrato ; latere antico
brevi; lunula distincta.

Cytherea subinflata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 637. pl. 132. f. 116.
Hab. 2

49. DIONE TESSELLATA.

D. testa subovali, crassa, turgida; anticé precipué subglobosa
et tenuissimé striata, postice subeompressa; sed etiam striata,
ineequilaterali, nitida,alba; punctis tenuibus, eastaneis, confertis,
absoluté notata; radiorum fasciis rufis sparsorum transver-
sim picta; natibus lateribusque albis, parvis lituris fuscis tes-
sellatis; margine integro ; intus immaculata.

Cytherea tessellata, Hombr. et Jacq. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1841, xvi. 192.
Hab. 2

BIVALVE SHELLS. 71

50. DIONE GIBBOSULA.

D. testa rotundato-trigona, obliqua, ineequilaterali, convexiuscula,
anticé brevi, obtusa, inferné convexa, superné arcuato-gibbosa,
posticé subangulata, alba, posticé fusco-cerulescente vel radi-
ata vel pallide violacea, lateribus et apicibus longitudinaliter
costatis, rugis transversalibus undulatis decussatis et crenu-
latis ; in latere postico costis pluribus majoribus, alteris tenue
granulosis ; lunula nulla; area plana, levigata; valvis intus
albis, impressionibus muscularibus violaceis ; sinu pallu hori-
zontali, trigono, acuto, subzequilaterali.

Chione gibbosula, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab.

2? Coll. Cuming.

51. DIONE cor.

D. testa cordato-trigona, intus extusque alba, convexiuscula, un-
dique concentricé striata; striis exilibus, regularibus, confer-
tissimis ; latere postico majore, subcuneiformi; margine liga-
mentali valdé declivi, convexiusculo; ventrali subarcuato ;
natibus acutis; lunula oblonga, impressa; margine interno
integro.

Cytherea cor, Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 15. f. 7.

Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 110.

Hab. Africa.

52. DIONE CONVEXA.

D. testa ovali, ventricosa, fulva, irregulariter striata; latere antico
brevi, attenuato, subrostrato, postico obtuso, «tate subtruncato ;
lunula lata, plana, cordiformi; sinu pallii brevi, trigono, apice
acuto.

Cytherea convexa, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. iv. pl. 12.£.3.

Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 87. no. 23.
Cytherea Sayana, Conrad, Sill. Journ. xxiii. 345.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 638. pl. 132. f. 119.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 105; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 34.
Dekay, Zool. de New York, vy. 216. pl. 27. f. 279.

Hab. Status Uniti Americz septentrionalis.

53. DIONE ROSTRATA.

D. testa cordata, tumida, albida, striata, opaca; apicibus valdé
revolutis ; lunula maxima, cordata, planiuscula, area nulla.

Cytherea rostrata, Koch in Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 150. pl. 1. f. 3.

72 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cytherea rostrata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 633. pl. 133. f. 122.
Venus Tehudcha, D’Orb, Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 556.

Hab. Brasilia.

54. DIONE CITRINA. B.M.

D. testa ovali, ventricosa, citrina vel pallide lutea, posticé laté
purpureo unifasciata, irregulariter concentricé striata; latere
postico subdeclivi, latere antico brevi; lunula lata, distincta.

Cytherea citrina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 306. no. 24.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 636. pl. 142. f. 117, 118.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 56.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 8. f. 8.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 99; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 23.
Chione striata, Gray, Anal. viii. 306 (non Sowerby).

Hab. Nova Hollandia, Sydneyi portu; Insule Philippe
(Cuming).

55. Dione PHILIPPII.

D. testa ovato-oblonga, compressiuscula, tenul, striis transversis
tenuissimis ; albida, radiis fulvis ormata, aut subunicolore fia-
vescente; area nulla, lunula lanceolata, yix distincta.

Cytherea modesta, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 20. no. 3. pl. 3. f. 3,
1845 (non Sow.).
Cytherea Kingii (ex parte), Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 638.

Hab. Insule Philippine.

56. DIoNE RUDIs. B.M.

D. testa obliqué cordata, tumida, transversim striata, rufo-fulva,
albo-radiata ; lunula cordata, vix distincta; area nulla; margine
integerrimo.

Venus rudis, Poli, Test. ii. 40. pl. 20. f. 15, 16.
Phil. Moll. Sic. i. 40; 1. 32.

Cytherea Venetiana, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 569. no. 35.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 310. no. 35.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 9. f. 9.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 100; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 34.
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 40.
Petit, Journ. Conch. 1851, p. 296.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 640. pl. 136. f. 197-199.
Venus nux, Gmel.?
Chione rudis, Gray, Anal. viii. 306.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 73

Fossilis.
Cyth. Pectuneulus, Rrocchi, Conch. Foss. Subap. ii. 560. pl. 13.
1 12:
Cyth. Venetiana, Duj. Foss. de Tour. p. 260. no. 4.
Scacchi, Notize, p. 20. no. 42.
Sismonda, Syn. Ped. Foss. p. 20.
Cytherea rudis, Phil. Enum. Moll, Sicil. un. 32.
Venus cycladiformis, Nyst, Foss. de Belg. p. 171. no. 129. pl. 12.
f. 3

An eadem? Venus rudis, Phil. Foss. de Magdebourg, Paleont.
de Meyer, p. 48. no. 26.

Hab. Oceanus Europzus ; (la Manche ;) mare Mediterraneum.

57. DIONE FLUCTUATA.

D. testa ovali, subventricosa, alba, epidermide subviridi induta,
leis rubescentibus angulatim fluctuata ; concentricé striata ;
latere antico brevi, subacuminato, lunula distincta; latere pos-
tico subquadrato, margine dorsali elevato ; ligamento retuso.

Cytherea fluctuata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 634. pl. 136. f. 185, 186.
Hab. Insula Sanctze Helene.

b. Testa sulcata vel lamellosa.
58. DIONE MINUTA. B.M.

D. testa minuta, cordato-trigona, compressiuscula, alba, nitida,
transversim sulcata ; lunula cordato-lanceolata.

Cytherea minuta, Koch, in Phil. Abbild. Conch. pl. 3. f. 8.
Hab. 2

59. Dione DIEMENENSIS.

D. testa oblongo-cordata, convexa, mmdiuscula, concentricé et
obsolete sulcata, carneo-fulva, radiis angustis lunulaque lan-
ceolata, colore tinctis saturatiore ; pube alba, strigis flexuosis
literata ; superficie interna albida, radio fusco purpureo obli-
quo, sub umbonibus ornata, margine integro.

Cytherea Diemenensis, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p- 110.
Hab. Terra Van Diemenensis.

60. DIoNE AFFINIS. B.M.

D. testa oyato-oblonga, planiuscula, lineis distantibus elevatis
subacutis, concentricis, albente-violaceis radiata, posticé vix
sublobata; area postica violacea ; lunula pallida, intus alba ;
limbo interno levi; epidermide fusca, tenui.

4

74 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cytherea affinis, Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1825, p. 45.
Wood, Suppl. 2. pl. 16. {, 275
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 36. no. 2.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 630. pl. 132. f. 101.

Venus Paytensis, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér, Moll. p. 565.

Hab. Colombia septentrionalis ; Xippixapi (Cuming).

61. DIoNE CONCINNA. B.M.

D. testa ovato-subcordata, crassiuscula, rubente albicante, radiata ;
latere postico longiore, subacuminato ; costellis numerosis,
concentricis, obtusis, concinnis, confertis.

Cytherea concinna, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 23.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 630. pl. i32. f. 99, 100.

Hab. Panama; Mazatlan.

62. DIONE TORTUOSA. B.M.

D. testa obliqué cordata, posticé sublobata, lineis frequentibus
subconcentricis obtusis, posticé irregularibus, alba, umbones
versus subspadiceo-alba.

Cytherea tortuosa, Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 45.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 104; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 22.
Catlow, Cat. p. 40. no. 107.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 630. pl. 132. f. 102, 103.

Chione tortuosa, Gray, Anal. viii. 305.

Venus tortuosa, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 562.

Hab. America centralis, Xippixapi (Cuming).

ee

63. DIONE INDECORA.

D. testa cordato-trigona, satis tumida, utrinque subangulata, ex-
quisité transversim sulcato-strigata, alba, epidermide lutescente
obducta; lunula magna, cordata, linea impressa cireumseripta,
ceeterum haud distincta; area nulla; ligamento subocculto.

Cytherea indecora, Phil. Abbild. Cyth. pl. 9. f. 7.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 634. pl. 136. f. 179.

Hab. Mergui, imperium Birmanorum (Th. Philippi).

64. DIONE SUPPOSITRIX.

D. testa obliqué cordato-ovata, posteriis producta, solida, ven-
tricosa, albida, rugis lamellaribus crassiuseulis obtusis con-
centricis confertis, posticé numero crescentibus cincta; ano
ovato-trigono; vulva lanceolato-subulata; ligamento conspicuo;
intra ossea.

‘

BIVALVE SHELLS. 79

Cytherea suppositrix, Menke, Zeits. fiir Malak, 1849, p. 145.
no. l.

Hab. Mare Peruvianum.

65. DionE MANILLA.

D. testa ovali-subtrigona, ventricosa, alba, concentricé striata,
posticé acuminata, sublobata, anticé breviuscula; lunula lata,
subcomplanata, distincta.

Cytherea Manille, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 634. pl. 136. f. 180, 181.
Hab. Manilla (Cuming).

66. Dione BELCHERI.

D. testa subovali, fulva, concentricé sulcis subundulatis rugata ;
umbonibus elevatis, acumimatis; latere postico subacuminato,
margine dorsali declivi; latere antico breviusculo, declivi, lu-
nula vix distincta.

Cytherea Belcheri, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 635. pl. 136. f. 188.
Hab.

2? Legit m itinere suo Cap. Sir E. Belcher.

67. Dione VENERIS. B.M.

D. testa ovali, subventricosa, alba, violaceo-tincta, laminis eleva-
tis acutis usque ad angulum cincta, posticé subelongata, angu-
lata, ad angulum spinis elongatiusculis ornata, post angulum
vix striata; prope umbonem serie altera spinarum breviuscu-
larum ; margine dorsali declivi, subinflata, nonnunquam rosea ;
lunula parva, nonnunquam rosea, distincta; latere antico lami-
nis alteris evanidis, alteris expansis.

Bonanni, Observat. f. 5, 6.

Knorr, Vergn. i. pl. 4. f.3,4; Delic. Nat.i. pl. B, V. f.9.

Favanne, Conch. pl. 47. f. E. 3.

Ruysch, Theatr. Viv. Anim. exang. pl. 15. f. 45.

Olearius, Mus. Gottorp. pl. 29. f. 4.

Rumph. Mus. Amb. pl. 48. f. 4.

Pectunculus ruber, Lister, Conch. pl. 307. f. 140.

Pectunculus venereus, Petiv. Gazoph. pl. 31. f. 9.

Vulva marina, Briickmann, de Curios. duab. Conch. p. 1. pl.
152,

Lochner, Rar. Mus. Berl. pl. 21. f. 11.
Histeroconcha, Langius, Nov. Meth. p. 76. gen. 4.
Chama, Gualt. Ind. pl. 76. f. D.

Vulvaria spinosa, Klein, Ostrac. p. 155. no. 4.
Concha echinata, Valentini, Mar. Mus. pl. 35. no. 19.
Concha Veneris, D’Argenv. Conch. pl. 21. f. 1.

4*

76 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus Dione, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 684; ed. 12. p. 1128;
Mus. Ulr. p. 497. no. 55.
Murray, Fundam. Testac. p. 42. pl. 2. f.11; pl. 3. f. 16, 17.
Born, Test. Mus. p. 58.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 282. pl. 27. f. 271, 272,273:
Barbut, Verm. p. 36. pl. 4. £..9.
Gmel. p. 3266. no. 1.
Dillw. Cat. i. 158. no. 1.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. fie
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 975. £. 1.
Cytherea Dione, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 570. no. 39.
” Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 57. no. 18; in Lamk. An. s.
Vert. vi. 312. no. 39.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 100.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 631. pl. 132. f. 110.
Chione Dione, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. vin. 305.

Hab. Mare Americanum et Antillarum.

68. DIionE LUPANARIA. B.M.
D. testa D. Veneri simili,sed laminis medio evanidis; latere postico
levigato; spinis elongatiusculis.

Cytherea lupanaria, Less. Cent. Zool. p. 196. pl. 64. -
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 632. pl. 132. f. 111.

Chione lupanaria, Gray, Anal. vii. 306.

Cytherea Dione, var., Gray in Griff. Anim. Kingd. pl. 19. f. 1.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. 95. pl. 71. f. 1.

Venus lupanaria, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 561.

Cytherea semilamellosa, Gaudichaud in Deless. Rec. pl. 19. f. 2.
Chenu, Conch. Ill. pl. 9. f. 9.

Hab. America centralis.

69. DioNE MULTISPINOSA.

D. testa quam D. Veneri magis ventricosa ; laminis magis elevatis,
subaqualibus, ad angulum subtruncatis, spinis magis nume-
rosis.

Cytherea multispinosa, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 632. pl. 132. f. 112.
Hab. Mare Peruvianum loco Tumbez dicto.

70. DioNE BREVISPINATA.

D. testa alba, D. Veneri simili, sed costis rotundatis, spinis bre-
vissimis, in serie unica dispositis 5 antice laminis paucis eleva-
tis; margine dorsali prope umbones subretuso.

Cytherea brevispina, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 632. pl. 182. f. 109.
Hah. Mare Californiense.

Ca

BIVALVE SHELLS. 77

71. DIONE ROSEA. B.M

D. testa obliqué cordata, subcompressa, roseo-purpurascente,
concentricé suleata, anticé lamellata, lamellis remotis, posticé
spinis brevissimis, latiusculis, muricata.

Cytherea rosea, Brod. & Sow. Zool. Journ. iv. 364.
Beechey’s Voy. Moll. p. 151. pl. 43. f. 7.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 104; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 9. f. 11.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 181. pl. 5. f. 6.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 632. pl. 132. f. 108.
Cytherea lepida, Chenu, Conch. Illustr.

Hab. Panama.

72. DIONE CIRCINATA. B.M.

D. testa ovali-subrotundata, ventricosa, alta, alba rubro-radiata,
seu omnino purpurea; laminis erectis, acutimarginatis, m
medio numerosis, ad latera distantioribus, productioribus, con-
centricé costata; margine dorsali plerumque purpureo ; lunula
distincta, plerumque purpurea.

Cardium purpurea, Martyr, Un. Conch. ii. pl. 133.

Pectunculus ruber, Lister, Conch. pl. 306. f. 139.

Venus circinata, Born, Test. Mus. p. 61. pl. 4. f. 8.

Chemn. Conch. vi. 312. pl. 30. f. 311.
Dillw. Cat. i. 160. no. 24, exclus. plur. synon.
Wood, Ind. pl. 7. f. 24.
Aneadem Venus cinerea circinata, Chemn. p. 313. pl. 30. f. 3122
Encycel. Méth. pl. 265. f. 1.

Venus, nos. 4 & 5, Schrot. Hinl. m1. 155.

Venus guineensis, Gmel. p. 3270. no. 10.

Venus, no. 65, Schrot. Einl. iii. 176?

Venus rubra, Gmel. p. 3288. no. 92?

Cytherea guineensis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 570. no. 38.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 100; in Wood, Ind. Sup. pl. 15. £.23.
Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 399.

Cytherea alternata, Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 45.

Chione circinata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. vi. 305.

Cytherea cireinata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 631. pl. 132. f. 104-106.

Hab. Mare Antillarum ; Colombia occidentalis.

73. DionE CYGNUS.

D.testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, inzequilaterali, turgida, cordi-
formi, intus extusque alba, anterius obtusa, brevi, posterius sub-
angulata, lamellis tenuibus transversis exasperata ad margines
brevioribus ; umbonibus magnis, obliquis; lunula magna, cor-
data, impressa, squalide alba; area excayata, angulo obtuso

78 BIVALVE SHELLS.

cireumdata, marginibus tenué crenulatis ; sinu pallii minimo,
triangulari, acute.

Cytherea Cygnus, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 328. no. 77-
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 109.
Catlow, Nom. Conch. p. 37. no. 28.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch, p. 631. pl. 132. f. 167.

Hab. —~—?

74. DIONE NOBILIS.

D. testa orbiculari-cordata, crassa, transversim concentricé lirata,
liris rudibus, obtusis, subplanulatis, numerosis, crebris, valdé
irregularibus, hie illic intermissis, non parallelis; lactea, epi-
dermide tenui cornea, translucida, induta.

Cytherea nobilis, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1849, part 17.

p. 126.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 622. pl. 136. f. 68.
Hab. 2

IV. Testa trigona.

75. DIONE ACUMINATA.

D. testa parva, alba, subtrigona, compressa, elevata, concentricé
striata; latere postico acuminato, subangulato, latere antico
breviusculo, subinflato ; lunula magna, distincta.

Cytherea acuminata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 633. pl. 136. f. 178.
Hab, ——?

76. DIONE PALLESCENS.

D. testa obovata, tenui, pallidé lutescente, levi, eoncentricé
striata; latere autico breviore, apicibus subprominulis ; im-
pressione cordiformi, antica elongata, distincta.

Cytherea pallescens, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 47; Thes.
Conch. p. 638. pl. 133. f. 135.

Hab. Insuia Annaa (Cuming).

77. DIONE TELLINAFORMIS.

D. testa ovali, compressa, levi, subalbida; latere postico sub-
elongato, acuminato, margine dorsali declivi, subangulato,
margine ventrali postic subemarginato; latere antico brevi,
rotundato; lunula angustata, distincta, complanata.

Venus tellineeformis, Phil. Abbild. Conch. iii. 59. pl. 9. f. 1.
Cytherea tellinoidea, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 634. pl. 136. f. 191.

Hab. Mare Senegalense.

a ee oF

BIVALVE SHELLS. 79

78. DIONE ALBO-CINCTA.

D. testa ovali, subtrigona, parva, solida, fulva, albo-fasciata,
minutissimé striata; latere postico declivi, acuminato; latere
antico declivi, breviusculo; lunula subdistincta.

Cytherea albo-eincta, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 636. pl. 136. f. 187.
Hab. 2 In itinere suo legit Cap. Sir E. Belcher.

79. DIONE SIMPLEX.

D. testa parva, solida, levi, ovata, subdepressa, grisescente cas-
tanea; margine dorsali albo, nigrescente fusco angulatim
maculato; latere antico brevi, rotundato, postico subacumi-
nato; lunula indistincta.

Cytherea simplex, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 627, pl. 136. f. 182, 183.
Hab. —— 2?

80. DIONE MODESTA.

D. testa ovato-subtrigona, crassiuscula, nitida, transversim striata,
albo, fusco et fusco-purpurascente varia, umbonibus acutius-
culis; latere antico brevi, lato, obtuso, postico declivi, acumi-
nato.

Cytherea modesta, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 47.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 627. pl. 136. f. 184.
Venus Cumingii, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 563.

Hab. America centralis; loco Xippixapi dicto legit Cuming.

81. DIoNE ANGULIFERA.

D. testa oblongo-subovali, alba, maculis angulatis sparsim sub-
radiatim picta, concentricé striata; latere postico elongato,
subacuminato; latere antico brevi; lunula parva, distincta.

Cytherea angulifera, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 635. pl. 136. f. 189.
Hab. ——?

82. DIoNE PANNOSA. B.M.

D. testa subovata, crassiuscula, levi, albicante, maculis strigis
lineisve angulatis lividis obseuré picta; apicibus subpromi-
nentibus.

Cytherea pannosa, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 47.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 105; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 14.

Cytherea lutea, Koch, in Phil. Abbild. pl. 3. f. 5.

Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 635. pl. 133. f. 140-142.

Venus pannosa, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 558.

Hab. Mare Chiliense et Peruvianum.

80 BIVALVE SHELLS.

V. Testa ovato-transversa, angusta.

83. DIonNE GIGANTEA. B.M.

D. testa oblonga, subovali, compressa, levi, magna, rubescente
fulva, maculis quadratis fusco-nigrescentibus ‘nterruptim ra-
dijata, intus alba; latere antico brevi, subacuminato, postico
elongato, ad terminum subquadrato; margine dorsali subre-
tuso; ligamento elongato; lunula oblonga, distincta.

Telline, Favanne, Conch. pl. 49, f. 71.
Venus gigantea, Chemn. Conch. x. 354. pl. 171. f. 1661.
Gmel, p. 3282. no. 89.
Venus, Encycl. Mcth. pl. 280. f. 3.
Dillw. Cat. i. 202. no. 102; Wood, Ind. pl. 8. f. 100.
Cytherea gigantea, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 564. no. 13; ed. 2. vi.
302; ed. Brux. ii. 216.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Ve He i. 55. no. 8.
Hanley, Descr, Cat. p. 9
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 628, ‘pl. 131. f. 86.
DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 216.
Conrad, Shells of Tampa Bay, Sill. Journ. ser. 2. 1. 394.

Hab. Sinus Mexicanus.

84. Dione Grayt, Desh. BM.

D. testa ovato-transversa, ineequilaterali, turgidula, solida, levi-
gata, polita, candidissima intus extusque, apicibus minimis
vix prominentibus, roseis; latere antico breviore angustiore
quam postico ; lunula patenti, linea impressa circumdata ovato-
oblonga; sinu pallii brevi, trigono, subequilaterali, superné
gibbo.

Chione apicalis, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anat. viii. 306 (non Philippi).
Hab.

85. DIONE SPHZRICULA.

D. testa orbiculari, subzequilaterali, turgida, subspheeroidali, can-
didissima, transversim sulcata; sulcis anticé posticéque evanidis,
in medio convexiusculis latioribus; umbonibus magnis, ele-
vatis, recurvis, cordatis; lunula brevi, impressa, cordiformi,
in medio purpureo maculata ; valvis incrassatis, intus albis,
ad marginem posticum purpureo maculatis ; sinu pallii brevi,
triangulari, equilaterali,

Chione sphericula, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab, ? Coll. Cuming.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 81

86. DIioNE FLORIDELLA. B.M.
D. testa elongato-transversa, subtrigona, ineequilaterali, depressa,
polita, nitida, alba, fulvo vel grisco radiata, diversimodo varie-
gata; anticé declivi, obtusa, posticé acuminata ; latere postico
regulariter transversé striato ; pagina interna alba, seepius roseo-
Imcarnata.
Chione floridella, Gray, Analyst, vui. 306.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 105; in Wood, Sup. pl. 15. f. 17.
Venus Africana, Phil. Abbild. Conch. i. pl. 1. f. 6.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 738. pl. 159. f. 159-164.

Hab. Mare Senegalense, Gambia; Caput Bonze Spei.

Species dubie.

87. DIONE PRORA.

Venus prora, Conrad, Journ. Phil. vii. 253. pl. 19) fave
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 105.

Hab. i

88. DIONE OCULATA.

Venus oculata, Say, Journ. Phil. 1. 274.
Cytherea occulta, DeKay, Zool. of New York, vy. 216.

Hab. 2

89. DIONE FULMINATA.

D. testa cordato-trigona, inzequilaterali, levi, albido-fulva, lineis
transversis angularibus rufis cincta ; umbonibus tumidis, an-
gustis ; ano impresso, vulvaque perampla cordatis.

Cytherea fulminata, Menke, Syn. Moll. ed. 2. p. 150.
Hab. Ad Brasiliam.

Testa ventricosa, valvis intus albis, in fornice macula longitu-
dinali czerulea notatis, ad marginem integerrimis; dente cardi-
nali lateris anterioris striato, arcuato.— Menke.

An eadem species C. varians, Hanley?

90. DIoNE DENTARIA.
D. testa triangulari, laté transversa, pallide fulva, albo radiata ;
latere postico intus maculato.
Cytherea dentaria, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 329. no. 75,
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 109.

Hab. Brasilia, prope Rio Janeiro.
4%

82 BIVALVE SHELLS.

91. DIONE CALLOSA.

Cytherea, Conrad, Journ. Phil. vi. 301 (non descripta).
Hab. ?

92, DIONE RUBIGINOSA.

D. testa ovato-cordata, tumida, tenui, striis incrementi irregula-
ribus, preesertim antic? subscabra, albida, radiis ferrugineis m-
terruptis picta; area lanceolata, ferrugineo-maculata; lunula
magna, cordato-lanceolata, linea impressa cireumscripta.

Phil. Abbild. Conch. pl. 3. f. 2.
Hab. 2

93. DIONE PECTORALIS.

D. testa ovata, depressa, transversim sulcata, fulvo-violascente ;
natibus pube anique marginibus candidis; spadiceo-lineatis ;
ano livido.

Cytherea pectoralis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 304. no. 18.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 98.

Hab. 2

94, DIONE IMMACULATA.

D. testa rotundato-cordata, anterius breviore et tumidiore, alba ;
striis transversis, concentricis ; ano subcordato.

Cytherea immaculata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 313, no. 42.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 101.

Hab. 2

Genus 7. CIRCE.

Animal suborbiculare; pallium apertum, in margine denticu-
latum ; trachez brevissime, disjunctz, ciliate ; pes linguiformis.
(Forbes 8; Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 446. pl. M. f. 3.)

Testa ovata vel subtrigona, sepius lentiformis, apicibus de-
pressa; margines integri aliquantisper crenulati; cardine tri-
dentato, dentibus inequalibus, divergentibus; dens lunularis
compressus, cardine separatus ; impressio palli simplex, in ple-
risque rima valve angusta et profunda.

Pectunculus, Lister (1685), pl. 312.

Chametrachea, Klein (1753), Ostrac. p. 151, 153.

Concha, Gualt. (1744) Ind. Test. pl. 72, 75.

Chama, D’Argenv. (1742) Conch. p. 21.

Venus (spec.), Linn. (1767) Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1135.
Born, Chemnitz, Schroter, Gmelin, Dillwyn, Wood.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 83

Cytherea (spec.), Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. v. 559.
Circe, Schumacher (1817), Essai d’une Class. p. 152.
Gray (1838), Analyst, vi. 307 ; (1847) Proc. Zool. Soc.
p. 185.
SyNOPSIs SPECIERUM.
I. Umbonibus depressis approximatis.
a. Testa depressa, sublenticularis, 1-15.
b. Testa divaricatim striata vel sulcata, 16-22.
II. Umbonibus cordatis.
c. Testa ovata, transversim striata vel sulcata, 23-29.
d. Testa subtrigona, turgida, nitida, 30-37.
e. Species incerte, 38, 39.

I. Umbonibus depressis approximatis.
a. Testa depressa, sublenticularis.

1. CIRCE SCRIPTA.

C. testa lentiformi, compressa, striata, posticé angulo recto an-
gulata. Testa major planiorque reliquis, retrorsum striata,
striis parallelis, eequalibus, trigonis, confertis ; intus alba, vix
pellucida. Nates obtuse, ut anus et rima easdem intra an-
gulum rectum contineant. Rima linearis: labiis rectis obtusis
purpurascenti-punctatis. Ani vestigium planum, rufescens.
(Linn. M. Ulr.)

Chama literata, Rumph. Amb. pl. 42. f. C.
Pet. Mus. Amb. pl. 18. f. 3.
Concha, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 77 C.
Knorr, Vergn. v. pl. 15. f. 3.
Venus scripta, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 689; ed. 12. p. 1135;
Mus. Ulr. p. 507. no. 73.
Chemn. (ex parte) vil. 31. pl. 40. f. 420, alteris exclus.
Schrot. Einl. i. 145.
Gmel. p. 3286. no. 79, exclus. varietate.
Diilw. Cat. i. 201. no. 99, exclus. plur. synon.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 97.
Ency. Meéth. pl. 274. f. 1.
Cytherea undatina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 575. no. 56.
Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 42. no. 242.
Cytherea scripta, var. undatina, Hanley, Deser, Cat. p. 102.
Circe scripta (ex parte), Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.

Hab. ?

84 BIVALVE SHELLS.

2. Circe personata, Desh. . BM.

C. testa compressa ; costis concentricis numerosis ; margine dor-
sali rectiusculo, elevato, subcomplanato; lunula distincta ;
costulis divergentibus, prope umbones indistinctis.

Venus scripta, Chemn. (non Linn.) Conch. vii. 51. pl. 40. f. 420,
421, 422.
(ex parte), Dillw. Cat. p. 201.
Encyel. Méth. pl. 273. f. 5?
Cytherea seripta, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 575. no. 57.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 102.
Circe violacea (ex parte), Schumacher, Essai d’une Class. p. 152.
Ro. t,o,
bree scripta, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 651. pl. 139. f. 38, 39, 40, 42.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus et Chinensis ; mare Australe.

3. CIRCE RIVULARIS. B.M.

C. testa complanata, alta, superné subangustata, alba, rubescente,
vel pallide lutea vel fusco late radiata, intus rosea; margine
dorsali declivi, crenulato; costis distantibus, muregularibus,
interstitiis complanatis.

Venus rivularis, Born, Test. Mus. p. 72. pl. 5. f. 7.

Venus scripta, var. 8 (pro parte), Gmel. p. 3286. pro fig. Bornii.

Venus corrugata (ex parte), Dillw, Cat. 1. 201. no. 98.

Cytherea rivularis, Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 42. no. 243.

An eadem? Circe rivularis, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 652. pl. 139.
f. 46-48?

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

4. Circe ALBIDA, Desh. B.M.

C. testa subquadrata, inequilaterali, depressa, alba, sub epider-
mide tenui, flavescente, anticé rotundata, posticé longiore, dila-
tata, laté truncata, transversim regulariter striata, strus con-
vexis, in latere pestico evanescentibus; umbonibus minimis
appressis, obtusis, plicis aliquot divergentibus obsoletis, nota-
tis; lunula minima, depressiuscula, lanceolata, plicis transver-
salibus circumdata, plicis latis distantibus undulatis m latere
postico; cardine angusto, impressione pallii a margine remota ;
valvis intus candidis.

Circe scripta, var., Sow. Thes. Conch. pl. 139. f. 41.

Hab. Australia.

5. CrrcE PERSONATA. B.M.
C, testa suborbiculato-trigona, depressa, lenticulari, inzequilaterali,

#
x
4
q
,
,
j

BIVALVE SHELLS. 85

ad umbones compressa, transversim tenuistriata, striis in
latere postico evanescentibus; albo-grisea fusco in medio
maculata, ad margines sepius lineclata; maculis in medio
szeplus duabus personatis ; ; lunula areaque minimis, angustis,
lanceolatis, atro-castaneis ; valvis intus in fornice vininecian in
margine albis; impressione musculari antica ovato-oblonga ;
fossula laterali valvee dextree usque ad dentem cardinalem
prolongata; impressione pallu ad marginem descendente.

Circe personata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Oceanus Indicus; Insule Philippinenses.

6. CIRCE LENTICULARIS.

C. testa ovato-subtrigona, in medio turgida, ad peripheriam acuta,
ineequilaterali, antice posticéque obtusa, transversim sulcato-
plicata, alba, lmeolis castaneis angulatis vel undulatis inter-
ruptis ornata; sulcis in latere postico evanidis; umbonibus
depressis, plicis obsoletis divaricatis notatis; lunula angusta,
atro-fusea, lanceolata; vulva profundeé excavata, atrata, lineis
atris irradiautibus ornata ; valvis intus pallide croceis ; impres-
sione pallii brevissima, in medio valvarum posita.

Circe lenticularis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Hab. 2? Coll. Cuming.

7. CIRCE CORRUGATA. B.M.

C. testa subcomplanata, posticé subangulata, polita, prope um-
bones rugulosa, grisescente fulva, minuté lineis rubris omnino
scripta, posticé subquadrata; marginibus dorsalibus declivibus
rubris; costis elevatis, distinctis, posticé subangulatis.

Venus corrugata, Chemn. Conch. vii. 25. pl. 39. f. 410, 411.
Dillw. (ex parte), Cat. i. 201 (pro figura Chemnitzit).
Venus scripta, var. 8. (ex parte), Gmel. p. 3286 (pro figura
Chemnitzii).
Cytherea rugifera, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 579. no. 70.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 108.
Circe corrugata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. vin. 307.
Circe rugifera, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 652. pl. 139. f. 44, 45.
Savigny, Descr. d’ Egypte, pl. 9. f. 2.

Hab. Mare Rubrum et Madagascariense.

8. CIRCE CROCEA. B.M.

C. testa obliqua, forma variante, marginibus rotundatis, albida,
epidermide lutea induta, nonnunquam fusco prope umbones
biradiatim picta, intus lutea, anticé concentricé sulcata, posticé

86 BIVALVE SHELLS.

laevigata; umbonibus divaricatim rugatis; lunula et area dor-
sali subpurpureis.
Cytherea, Savigny, Descr. d’ Egypte, pl. 9. f. 3.
Circe crocea, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 653. pl. 139. f. 49-52.
Cytherea crocea, Hanley, Deser, Cat, p. 103.

Hab. Mare Rubrum.

9. Circe OBLONGA, Desh. BM.

C. testa ovata, transversa, subeequilaterali, in medio convexa, ad
margines acuta, alba, sub epidermide flavescente, transversim
regulariter sulcata, sulcis zequalibus obtusis, posticé attenuatis,
evanescentibus, margine dorsali antico et postico rectis angu-
lum apertissimum inter se formantibus ; latere antico obtuso,
postico latiore; umbonibus minimis appressis; lunula vulva-
que planis lanceolatis, intus pallide purpurascente.

Hab. ——?

10. CrircE PLANATA.

C. testa minima, ovato-trigona, subzequilaterali, depressa, alba,
pellucida, transversim tenuiter striata; umbonibus mimimis,
lunula parva, lanceolata, lea impressa distincta, vulva pro-
funda, angusta.

Gray, in Anal. (1838) Cat. Cyth. p. 307.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 103.

Hab. 2

11. CrrcE SULCATA.

C. testa obliqué rotundato-trigona, lenticulari, depressa, minuté
transyersim sulcata, fusca, vel fulva, aut grisea fulvo fuscove
radiata et variegata ; lunula plana, elongato-lanceolata ; area
lunulaque minuté divaricatim striatis.

Circe suleata, Gray, in Anal. (1838) viii. 107.

Cytherea sulcata, Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 103.

Cytherea plebeia, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 109.
Hanley, in Wood, Ind. Sup. pl. 15. f£. 37.

Cytherea erythraea, Jonas, in Phil. Abbild. Conch. iii. 39. pl. 9. f. 2.

Circe plebeia, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 650. pl. 138. f. 33-37.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses (Cuming).

12. Circe Artemis, Desh. B.M.
C. testa orbiculato-lenticulari, depressa,imaquilaterali, transversim

BIVALVE SHELLS. 87

regulariter Suleata, ad umbones divaricatim striata; lunula
vulvague transversim striatis, suleorum interstitiis tenuiter et
obsoleté longitudinaliter striatis ; alba, lunula vulvaque fusco
punctatis; lunula ovata, plana; valvis intus profundeé fuscis,
marginibus albis.

Hab. 2

Species magnitudine unguis pollicis, circularis et lenticularis
sicut in Dosinia.

13. Circe TUMEFACTA.

C. testa subventricosa, subobliqua, marginibus medio subrotun-
datis, prope umbones inflata, leviter divaricatim costata; mar-
gine dorsali declivi, subeomplanato ; lunula complanata; colore
albido, plerumque rufo-scripto.

Circe tumefacta, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 652. pl. 138. f. 28-30.
Hab. 2

14. Circe AUSTRALIS.

C. testa posticé subquadrata, costulis divergentibus, prope mar-
ginem anticum costulis divergentibus brevibus, in medio an-
gularibus concentricis ; colore pallidé fulvo, lineis divergentibus
et maculis fulvis; intus purpurascente-fusco nebulato, ad
marginem nigro-punctato.

Circe australis, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 651. pl. 137. f. 16,17 (non
C. australis, Quoy et Gaim.).

Hab. Australia.

15. CrRcE MINIMA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, subeompressa, subzequilaterali, transversim
striata ; alba vel grisea, fusco aut flavo maculata, intus alba,
dentibus cardinalibus duobus; impressione pallii posticé inflexa.

Turt. Brit. Biv. p. 137.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 95.

Thomps. Fauna Irel. (Inv.) p. 262.

Venus minima, Mont. p. 121. pl. 3. f. 3.
Mat. Linn. Trans. viii. 81.
Turt. Brit. Fauna, p. 137 & 158.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 236.
Pennant, Zool. Brit. iv. p. 203.
Dillw. Cat. i. 166.

Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 17.

88 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus triangularis, Mont. Test. Brit. p. 121. pl. 3. f. 3. & p. 577.
Mat. Linn. Trans. vii. 83.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p, 238.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 35.
Cyprina minima, Turt. Dithyra Brit. p. 137.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 444.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 82. f. 102.
Hanley, Recent Shells, i. 95.
Cyprina triangularis, Turt. Dithyra Brit. p. 136. pl. 11. f. 19, 20.
Cytherea triangularis, Macgill. Moll. Aberd. p. 268.
Cytherea apicalis, Phil. Moll. Sicil. i. 40. pl. 4. f. 5.
Circe triangularis, King, Ann. Nat. Hist. xv. 112.
Cytherea Cyrilli, Phil. Moll. Sicil. ii. 32.
Hanley, Recent Shells, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 26.
Cytherea minima, Brown, Ill. Conch. Gr. Brit. p. 92. pl. 37. f. 3.
Cytherea minuta, Brown, Ill. Conch. p. 92. pl. 37. f. 4.
Circe minima, Forbes 8 Hanley, Brit. Moll. p. 447. pl. 26. f. 4,
5, 6, 3, & pl. M. f. 3 (animal).
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 655. pl. 138. f. 18-21.
An eadem ? Venus inquinata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 607. no. 88?

Hab. Oceanus Europeus; mare Mediterraneum.

b. Testa divaricatim striata vel sulcata.

16. CriRcE NUMMULINA.

C. testa suborbiculata, depressa, albida, basi purpureo-nigricante,
striis longitudinalibus bifariam divaricatis ; natibus subacutis
prominulis.

Cytherea nummulina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 321. no. 58.
Circe nummulina, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 652. pl. 138. f. 27.

Hab. America centralis.

17. Circe DIVARICATA. B.M.

C. testa subelongata, depressa, posticé subacuminata ; costis vix
noduliferis, numerosis, posticé obliquis, medio radiatis, prope
angulum posticum acutangulatim confluentibus.

Favanne, Conch. pl. 46. f. E 2.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 271. f. 5 & pl. 274. f. 2.
Pectunculus, Lister, Conch. pl. 310. f. 146.
Venus divaricata, Chemn. Conch. vi. 317. pl. 30. f. 316.
Gmel. p. 3277. no. 35.
Brooks, Introd. p. 66. pl. 2. f. 24. *
Dillw. Cat. i. 200. no. 96.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 94.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 89

Venus incrassata?, Born, Test. Mus. p. 73, exclus. Regenf. syn.
Cytherea divaricata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. no. 66; ed. 2. vi. 324.
no. 66.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 108.
Var. Cytherea testudinalis, Lamk.
Venus discors, Schrot. Hinl. ii. 199. pl. 8. f. 11.
Dillw. (ex parte), Cat. i. 199. no. 93.
Circe divaricata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 650. pl. 137. f. 8, 9.
Cytherea testudinalis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 578; ed. 2. vi. 325.
Cytherea equivoca, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 650. pl. 137. f. 12-15.

Hab. Mare Rubrum; Africa orientalis; oceanus Indicus ;
insulz Philppinenses.

18. CircE #QUIVOCA.

C. testa plerumque alta, posticé subobliqua, anticé concentricé
subsulcata ; costis parvulis, numerosis, in medio acutangulatim
divaricatis ; colore nonnunquam ad margines lineari.

Encycl. Méth. pl. 271. f. 3 a, 6.
Venus equivoca, Chemn. Conch, xi. 229. pl. 202. f. 1980.
Dillw. Cat. i. 200. no. 95.
Cytherea placunella, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 578. no. 69; ed. 2.
vi. 325. no. 69.
Cytherea zequivoca (ex parte), Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 650.

Hab. 2

19. CiRcE DISPAR. B.M.

C, testa rubro-punctata et angulatim variegata; posticé costis
divaricatis, anticé concentricis.

Encycl. Meéth. p\. 271, f. 2.
Venus dispar, Chemn. Conch. xi. 230. pl. 202. f. 1981, 1982.
Dillw. Cat. i. 199. no. 94.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 92.
Cytherea Muscaria, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 576. no. 59.
Cytherea Pulicaris, Lamk. loc. cit. no. 60.
Delessert, Rec. de Coq. pl. 9. f. 5.
An eadem var. ? Cytherea mixta, Lamk. loc. cit. no. 61,
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. vi. 321. nos. 59, 60, 61.
Cytherea dispar, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 103.
Circe dispar, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 650. pl. 37. f. 10, 11.

Hab. Mare Rubrum.

90 BIVALVE SHELLS.

20. CIRCE TRANSVERSARIA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subzequilaterali, depressa, anticé rotun-
data, posticé subtruneata, fusca, seepius ad umbones albo an-
gulatim maculata; anticé posticéque divaricatim rugosa, in
medio transversim sulcata, sulcis rugisque granosis; umbonibus
minimis brevibus oppositis ; lunula elongato-lanceolata, linea
impressa circumscripta atrata; vulva subplana, levigata ;
intus alba, in medio violaceo maculata.

Circe transversaria, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Var. 8. Testa minore, sulcis transversis majoribus.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses. Coll. Cuming.

21. Crrce PECTINATA. B.M.

C. testa oblonga, plerumque subeompressa, postic® subquadrata;
costis nodulosis numerosis, posticé divaricatis, tum gradatim
radiantibus, anticé} divaricatis ; margine dorsali excavato :
variat costis magnis.

Pectunculus, Lister, Conch. pl. 312. f. 148.

Rumph. Amb. pl. 43. f. D.

Petiver, Amb. pl. 18. f. 14.

Favanne, pl. 46. f. E. 1.

Concha crassa, Gualt. Ind. pl. 72. f. E, F, & pl %5.5) As

Venus pectinata, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 689; ed. 12. p. 1135.

Innn. Mus. Ulr. ii. 507. no. 72.
Born, Test. Mus. p. 74.

Venus pectinata (ex parte), Chemn. Conch. vii. 28. pl. 39. f. 418,

419?

Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 271. f. 1 a, d.
Venus discors (ex parte), Dillw. (non Gmel.) Cat. p. 199. no. 93.
Cytherea pectinata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. y. 577. no. 63.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 59; in Lamk. An. s. Vert.
ed. 2. vi. 322. no. 63.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 107.
Venus pectinée, Blainv. Malac. pl. 74. f. 4.
Circe pectinata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 649. pl. 137. f. 1-3.
Cytherea Savignyi, Jonas, Zeits. fiir Malac. 1846, p. 65.
Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 9.
Savigny, Descr. de V Egypte, Coq. pl. 8. f. 17.

Hab. Mare Rubrum ; oceanus Indicus ; insulz Philippinenses.

22. Circe Gissia. B.M.
C. testa subovali, posticé obliqué quadrata; area distincta, sub-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 91

trigona, divaricatim costata, tum costis noduliferis duabus aut
tribus magnis radiantibus, ad umbones extensis ; medio et
auticé costis noduliferis, magnis bifurcatis.

Pectunculus, Lister, Conch. pl. 313. f. 149.

Knorr, Vergn. vi. pl. 3. f. 3.

Venus pectinata (ex parte), Chemn. Conch. vii. 28. pl. 39. f. 415,
416.

Dillw. Cat. i. 198. no. 92.
Schrot. Einl. iu. 144.
Gmel. Syst. Nat. p. 3285.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 271. f. 4.
Cytherea Gibbia, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 577. no. 64.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 59; in Lamk. An. s. Vert.
ed. 2. vi. 328. no. 64.
Sow. Genera of Shells, f. 3.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 38. no. 42.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 70. f. 5.
Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 42. no. 244.
Var. Cytherea ranella, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 78.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 324.
Circe Gibbia, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 649. pl. 137. f. 4-7.

Hab. Mare Rubrum; Australia; insule Philippinenses ;
eceanus Indicus.

Il. Umbonibus cordatis.
c. Testa ovata, transversim striata vel sulcata.

23. CIRCE ARABICA. B.M.

C. testa ovali, subquadrata, subdepressa, obtusé subundulatim
suleata, albida, fasciis stramineis et punctis rubris, vel grisea,
maculis rubescentibus seriatim dispositis biradiata, vel auran-
tiaca, fulvo radiata; intus purpureo et aurantio varié picta ;
latere antico brevi, declivi, lunula subdistincta ; latere postico
oblongo, quadrato, margine dorsali paululum declivi, ad liga-
mentum vix recedente.

An Venus cordata?, Forsk. Faun. Arab. p. 123. no. 54.

Venus arabica, Chemn. Conch. xi. 224. pl. 201. f. 1968-1970.

Venus, No. 132, Schrot. Einl. iii. 194,

Venus Callipyga (ex parte), Dillw. Cat. i. 186.

Savigny, Descr. d’ Egypte, pl. 9. f. 6.

Cytherea arabica, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 571. no. 40; ed. 2. vi.
312. no. 40.

Delessert, Rec. de Coq. pl. 9. f. 4.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 101.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 73. pl. 9. f. 4.

92 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Circe arabica, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 643. pl. 135. f. 165, 166, 168.

Hab. Mare Rubrum et Madagascariense.

24, CIRCE ABBREVIATA.

C. testa ovata, anticé retusa, rufa, albo-fasciata; striis transver-
sis et in antico latere longitudinalibus obliquis sub-bifaretis.

Cytherea abbreviata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 322. no. 62.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 9. f. 1. a-d.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 103.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 644. pl. 135. f. 170, 171.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus (Lamk.).
An Circe arabica, var. ?

25. CIRCE CALLIPYGA.

C. testa ovata, latiuscula, transversim ineequaliter striata, lineis
angulatis picta, areolaovali. Testa ovata, latiuscula, parumper
complanata, striis transversis mzequalibus: areola ovalis, 1m-
pressa, striata; color teste lutescens, pictus characteribus
angulatis fuscis, umbonum niveus. (Born.)

Venus callipyga, Born, Mus. p. 68. pl. 5. f. 1.

(pro parte), Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. no. 61.
Cytherea callipyga, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p.645. pl. 135. f. 164.
Var. Cytherea adenensis, Phil. Abbild. Conch. iui. 41. pl. 9. f. 6.
Cytherea callipyga, Phil. loc, cit. f. 3, 4.
Cytherea elliptica, Sow. jun. Thes. loc. cit. f. 174, 175.

Hab. Mare Rubrum,

26. Circe STUTZERI.

C. testa ovato-rotundata, subtrigona, depressa, crassa, transver-
sim striata; albo-grisea lineis angularibus fulvis subreticulata
umbonibus minimis, obtusis, oppositis approximatis ; lunula »

Venus Stutzeri, Donov. Nat. Repos. ii. pl. 78. f. 1, 1824.

Hab. Mare Japonicum.

27. Circe CRACHERODII. B.M.

C. testa regulariter transversim ovata, subzequilaterali, tumidula,
crassa, solida, anticé laté suleata, in medio laevigata, posticé
striata, albo-grisea, maculis spadiceis pallidiore-nebulosis picta ;
umbonibus minimis, approximatis, lunula ovato-elongata, linea
impressa cireumdata ; valvis intus pallide roseis, ad margines
fusco maculatis.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 93

Circe Cracherodii, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Hab. Guinea.

28. CIRCE LENTIGINOSA. B.M.

C. testa ovali, subventricosa, concentricé suleata, sulcis subundu-
latis, fusca, vel pallidé fulva, grisescente, maculis et lineis
nigrescentibus precipue ad margines picta, ad umbones pur-
purascente, intus griseo nebulata ; umbonibus obtusis, lunula
subcomplanata ; area dorsali excavata.

Venus lentiginosa, Chemn. Conch. xi. 223. pl. 202. f. 1963, 1964.
Cytherea Pfeifferi, Phil. Abbild. pl. 9. f. 1.

Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 644. pl. 135. f. 160-162.
Circe liturata, Gray, Anal. viii. 307.

Hab. Mare Rubrum ; oceanus Indicus.

29. CiRcE PULCHRA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subzequilaterali, anterius obtusa, posticé
angustiore, tumida, solida, irregulariter transversim striata,
striis inaequalibus distantibus pliceformibus, striis longitudi-
nalibus tenuissimis obsoletis decussantibus ; albo-grisea, macu-
lis duabus castaneis radiantibus, in medio separatis ; valvis intus
albo-griseis, in marginibus brunneis; impressione pallu bre-
vissima, in medio valvarum posita, simplici.

Cytherea elegans, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 645. pl. 135. f. 163 (non

Koch).
Circe pulchra, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Hab. Mare Rubrum. Coll. Cuming.

d. Testa subtrigona, turgida, nitida.

30. CrrcE CASTRENSIS. B.M.

C. testa crassa, rotundata, subdepressa, levi, ad latera concen-
tric8 subsuleata; albida, lineis vel maculis angulatis plus
minusve suffusis picta, nonnunquam griseo nebulata; latere
antico breviusculo, rotundato, lunula distincta, subtumida ;
latere postico subquadrato ; umbonibuse margine dorsali ele-
vatis ; intus pallii impressione integra.

Pectunculus depictus, Lister, Conch. pl. 262. f. 98.

Bonanni, Recreat. pt. 3. f. 378.

Favanne, Conch. pl. 47. f. H.

Chama optica, Rumph. Amb. pl. 43. f. K.

Petiver, Amb. pl. 5. f. 2; pl. 18. ihe)
D’Argenv. Conch. pl. 21. f. M.

94 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Concha, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 82. f. H.
Regenf. Conch. pl. 1. f. 3; pl. 4. f. 41.
Knorr, Vergn. i. pl. 21. f. 5; ii. pl. 20. f. 2; iii. pl. 4. f.45 vi.
pl. 6. f. 5, 6.
Venus castrensis, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 687; ed. 12. p. 1132.
no. 129; Mus. Ulr. p. 501. no. 61.
Born, Mus. p. 66.
Dillw. Cat. i. 183. no. 58.
Venus castrensis (ex parte), Chemn. Conch. vi. 359. pl. 35. f. 367,
368, 374.
Schrot. Einl. ii. 128. plur. exclus. syn.
Gmel. p. 3273. no. 20.
Venus australis, Chemn. Conch. x. 355. pl. 171. f. 1662.
Gmel. p. 3282. no. 88.
Venus Lorenziana, Chemn. Conch. xi. 222. pl. 200. f. 1961, 1962.
Dillw. Cat. i. 184. no. 60.
Venus, Encycl. pl. 273. f. 1.
Martyn, Univers. Conch. i. pl. 141.
Cytherea castrensis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 568. no. 31.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 57. no. 15; in Lamk. An. s.
Vert. ed. 2. vi. 308. no. 31.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 71. f. 2.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 99.
Kiister in Chemn. ed. 2. p. 16. pl. 2. f.3; pl. 12. f. 3-6.
Circe castrensis, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Cytherea, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 142. pl. 134. f. 151-154.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus et Chinensis atque Australis.

31. Circk FASTIGIATA. B.M.

C. testa C. castrensi simili, sed ovali, posticé attenuata, subacumi-
nata ; umbonibus parvulis ; lunula subeomplanata, griseo angu-
latim variegata; intus flavicante ; sinu pallii parvo, angusto,
laté triangulari.

Cytherea fastigiata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 643. pl. 135. f. 158, 159.

Hab, Noya Hollandia, Sydney.

32. CIRCE TIGRINA. B.M.

C. testa ovata, medio levi, lateralibus transversim suleata ; alba,
maculis fusco-nigris, seepius triangularibus sparsis vel raduis
formantibus ; ano cordato, parvo, fusco.

An Chemn. Conch. vi. t. 35. f. 374, 375 ?

Valentyn, Amb. Rar. pl. 15. f. 16.

Cytherea tigrina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 310, no. 34.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 100; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 13.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 95

Cytherea tigrina, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 643. pl. 135. f. 155, 156 ;
an eadem species, f. 157 ?

Hab. Oceanns Indicus; insule Moluccenses; Philippinenses, &c.

33. CIRCE SULCATINA. B.M

C. testa trigona, rotundata, rufo-fuscescente albido radiata; stris
transversis posticé sulciformibus, ano cordato; mtus aurea.

Venus castrensis, var., Chemn. Conch. vi. t. 35. f. 371, 372.

Cytherea suleatina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 308. no. 29.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 99; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 9. f. 13.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 641. pl. 134. f. 145, 146.

Chione suleatina, Gray, Anal. viii. 305.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses (Cuming).

34. Circe SowEerRByI, Desh.

C. testa rotundato-trigona, turgida, solida, subzequilaterali, trans-
versim uregulariter striata, albo rubicante lneis numerosis
angulosis transversalibus picta; umbonibus tumidiusculis ;
lunula diffuse circumscripta, in medio tumida; lgamento
immerso ; latere antico obtuso, lato, postico declivi, attenuato ;
valvis intus castaneis, anticé posticéque albis ; impressione
pallii posterius vix inflexa.

Cytherea hebreea, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 641. pl. 134. f. 143, 144,
148 (non Lamk.).

Hab. Insula Ticao Philippinarum.

35. CIRCE PICTA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, tumida, subcordata, posticé subacumi-
nata; lineis maculisve rufis aut spadiceis diversissime picta,
intus luteola; lunula lata, ovato-cordata, plana.

Pectunculus reticulatus, Lister, Conch. pl. 259. f. 95.
Venus castrensis, var., Chemn. Conch. vi. 366. pl. 35. f. 380, 381.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 273. f. 2, 3.
Venus ornata, Dillw. Cat. i. 184. no. 61.
Cytherea picta, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 569. no. 33.
Desh. Encycl. Meéth. Vers, ii. 57. no. 16; in Lamk. An. s.
Vert. ed. 2. vi. 309. no. 33.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 190.
Circe picta, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 307.
Cytherea ornata, var., Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 642.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus.

96 BIVALVE SHELLS.

36. CIRCE TRIMACULATA.

C. testa obliqué cordata, superné transversim sulcata ; castanea ;
natibus lzvibus anoque violaceis ; intus alba, trimaculata.

An Venus Phryne ?, Gmel. no. 21.

Cytherea trimaculata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 313. no. 41.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 101; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 10. f. 5?
Catlow, Cat. p. 40. no. 109.

Philippi, Abbild. Conch. pl. 5. f. 2.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 641. pl. 134. f. 146.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus ; insule Philippinenses (Cuming).

37. Circe MINOR, Desh.

C. testa minima, ovato-trigona, transversa, inzequilaterali, anticé
obtusa, posticé subangulata, transversim tenuissimé striata ;
alba, maculis pallide croceis subradiata ; umbonibus minimis,
acutis; lunula magna, ovato-cordiformi, plana; valvis intus
croceis.

Hab.

Museo Grayi extat specimen unicum: testa minima, affinis
Circe trimaculatz ; species a Sowerbyo juniore crocea dicta di-
stinctissima est: vide Circe egyptiaca.

2

Species incerte.

38. Circe CALISTE.

C. teste striis transversis acutis antrorsum membranaceis, vulva
breviore, ano inconspicuo.

Venus Caliste, Spengler, Schrot. Einl. iii. 156. pl. 8. f. 8, 9.
Gmel. p. 3277. no. 32.
Circe Caliste, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 308.

Hab. Mare Rubrum.

“V. Guineensi affinis, testa anterius exteriusque cerulescente,
intus saturatius tincta, posterius ut plurimum sordide alba”
(Gmelin).

An Arabica var. ?

39. CIRCE RANELLA.

C. testa ovato-rotundata, depressa, alba ; sulcis longitudinalibus
crassiusculis crenatis ; vulva anoque angustatis, coloratis.

‘

BIVALVE SHELLS. 97

Encycl. pl. 271. f. 5 a, 6?

Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 324. no. 65.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 108.

Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 42. no. 245.

An pectinata var. ?

Hab. Nova Hollandia (Menke).

Genus 8. VENUS.

Animal ovatum, turgidum ; pallium anticé infernéque aper-
tum, posticé clausum et tracheis binis brevibus disjunctis im-
zequalibus terminatum, in marginibus membranaceum profundé
complicatum ; trachea branchiali breviori, duplici ordine tenta-
culorum coronata, tentaculis interioribus longioribus simplicibus
cylindraceis, exterioribus furcatisvel stellatis, brevioribus; trachea
anali conica, tentaculis brevibus coronata, valvula conica, apice
aperta termimata ; labize buccales parve, triangulares, basi late ;
pes magnus, triangularis, basi incrassatus; branchiz magne,
inxquales, subquadrangulares, plicate, posticé inter se conni-
ventes.

Testa ovato-transversa, crassa, turgida, extus transversim sul-
cata vel lamellosa, margines tenué crenulati ; cardo incrassatus,
tridentatus, in utraque valva, dentes cardinales subzequales, diva-
ricate, apice aliquando furcate ; impressio pallii posticé sinuosa ;
sinus ovato-subtriangularis, brevis, szepius obliquus.

Concha, Linné (1741), Faun. Suec. ed. 1. p. 381.
Pectunculus, Lister (1685), Conch. pl. 278, 284, 285, &e.
Da Costa (1778), Conch. Brit. p. 185.

Cricomphalos, Klein (1753), Tentam. Ostrac. p. 146, 147.

Omphaloclathrum, Klein (1753), loc. cit. p. 148.

Quadrans, Klein (1753), loc. cit. p. 155.

Clonisse, Adanson (1757), Voy. au Sénég. p. 216.

Venus (ex parte), Linné (1758), Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p- 684 ;
(1767), ed. 12. p- 1128; (1761), Faun. Suec. ed. 2. p-. 519;
(1764), Mus. Ulric. p. 497 ; (1771), Mant. Plant. p- 545.

Chemnitz (1771), Conch. Cab.

Pennant (1777), Brit. Zool. iv. 201.
Miiller (1776), Zool. Dan. Prodr. p- 246
Scopoli (1777), Intr. ad Hist. Nat. p. 399.
Born (1780), Test. Mus. Vind. p. 57.
Gronovius (1781), Zooph, Gronov. p. 268.
Schroter, Gmelin, Barbut, Karsten, Olivi.
Lamk. 1799, 1801, 1809, 1812, 1818, &e.
De Roissy (1805), Buf. de Sonnini, vi. 328.

98 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus (ex parte), Montagu (1803), Test. Brit. p. 120.
Donovan, Maton et Racket, Dillwyn, Wood, Fleming, Phi-
lippi, &e.

Callista et Callistoderma (spec.), Poli (1791), Test. Sicil. 1. 48;
ii. 84.

Clausina (spec.) (1827), Brown.

Dosina, Gray (1838), Analyst, viii. 308.

Venus, genus emendatum rectius circumscriptum, Gray (1847),
Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 183.

SYNOPSIS SPECIERUM.

I. Testa verrucosa, 1-5.
II. Testa lamellosa, lamellis simplicibus, 6-15.
III. Testalamellosa,lamellis crispis, sulcis longitudinalibus, 16-36.

J. Testa verrucosa.
1. VENUS VERRUCOSA. B.M.

V.testa inflata, subcordata, ponderosa, albo-rufescente, rufo-
maculata et triradiata, transversim rugosa, rugis multifariam
lamellosis, ad apicem striis longitudinalibus decussata, anticé
posticéque divaricatim verrucosa; lunula ovato-cordata, im-
pressa, longitudinaliter striata; margimibus crenulatis, intus
alba vel pallide aurantia, posticé violaceo maculata.

Pectunculus crassissimus, Lister, Conch. pl. 284. f. 122 & pl. 285.
Da Costa, Brit. Conch. pl. 12. f. 1.
Petiv. Gazoph. pl. 93. f. 17.
Concha marina, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 75. f. H.
D’ Argenv. Conch. pl. 21. f. Q.
La Clonisse, Adans. Sénéq. p. 216. pl. 16. f. 1.
Ginnonni, Op. post. ii. 30. pl. 20. f. 137.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 271. f. 5?
Favanne, Conch. pl. 47. f. E 9.
Venus verrucosa, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 685; ed. 12.
. 1130.
5 Born, Test. Mus. p. 60. pl. 4. f. 7.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 303. pl. 29. f. 299, 300.
Schrot. Einl. i. 114.
Gmel. p. 3269. no. 6.
vp (Callista et Callistoderma), Test. Sicil. ii. 90. pl. 21.
PLS, o.
Olivi, Adriat. p. 107. no. 1.
Donov. Brit. Shells, ii. pl. 44.
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 112.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 99

Venus verrucosa, Maton & Rack. Linn. Trans. viii. 78.
Dorset Cat. p. 34. pl. 8. f. 1.
Dillw. Cat. i. 163. no. 12.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 12.
Tish An. s. Vert. v. 586. no. 7.
Payraud, Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 48. no. 81.
Turt. Dith. Brit. p. 141.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 446.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. no. 4; Expéd. Sc. de Morée,
p. 99. no. 47.
Philippi, Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 43; ii. 34.
D’Orb. Moll. des Canar. p. 106.
Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 10.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 110.
Sow. Conch. Man. f. 119 a.
Desh. Traité Elem. de Conch. pl. 21. f. 1, 2.
Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. 1. 401. pl. 24. f. 3.
Dosina verrucosa, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 308.
Venus dysera, var. 6, Linn. Mus. Ulr. p. 498.
Venus Erycina, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. pl. 52. f. 48.
Junior. Venus Lemani, Payr. loc. cit. p.53. no. 91. pl. 1. f. 29-31.
Junior. Venus cancellata, Donov. Brit. Shells, iv. pl. 115?
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 574.
Turt. Dith. Brit. P 144. pl. 10. f. 3.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 447.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 87.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 727. pl. 160. f. 182, 183.
Fossilis. Venus excentrica, Agassiz, Etudes Critiques, p. 34.no.4.
pl. 5. f. 9-11.

Hab. Oceanus Europeus; mare Mediterraneum; Insule Ca-
narienses (D’Orbigny); Sénégal (Adanson) ; Caput Bone Spei
(Krauss).

2. VENUS TUBEROSA. B.M.

V. testa cordato-globosa, circulari, inzequilaterali, crassa, solida,
straminea, costis crassis convexis regularibus latis tuberculi-
feris cincta; tuberculis nequalibus, posticis sensim majoribus,
prominentibus, oblique divergentibus, medianis obsoletis, an-
ticis mimoribus, divaricatis; umbonibus magnis, tumidis, cor-
datis, longitudinaliter striatis; lunula fusca. laté cordata,
plana, impressa, tenuissimé striata ; area excavata, elongato-
lanceolata, levigata, in valvula ieee levigata, latiore, ma-
culis magnis transversalibus notata.

Hab. Nova Zelandia.
5*

100 BIVALVE SHELLS.

3. Venus JuKest, Desh. B.M.

V. testa orbiculato-inflata, subspheerica, ineequilaterali, cordiformi,
alba, maculis angulatis subarticulatis triradiata, transversim
sulcata et tenué striata, anticé posticéque divaricatim subno-
dosa, sulcis cicatriculis impressis notatis; lunula fusca, laté
cordata, ligamento immerso; valvis intus albis; marginibus
tenué crenulatis ; sinu pallii brevi, angusto, trigono.

Venus crebrisulea, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p.728. pl. 161. f. 187-
189 (non Lamk.).

Hab, Portus Essimgtonensis (Jukes); Insula Luzon Philippi-
narum (Cuming).

Ven. verrucosé affinis sed magis globulosa, lamellis destituta,
tuberculis brevioribus obsoletis.

4. VENUS SCULPTA.

V. testa orbiculari, globosa, subzequilaterali, turgida, solida,
crassa, alba, transvyersim regulariter plicato-suleata; sulcis
anticé posticéque attenuatis, granuloso-crenulatis, granulis an-
ticé irregularibus, posticé majoribus, in medio costis crenu-
latis; umbonibus tumidis; lunula cordiformi, paululum exca-
vata; area angusta, elongato-lanceolata, uno latere fusca, car-
dine lato ; sinu pallii brevi, angusto, acuminato.

Venus sculpta, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. ——? Coll. Cuming.

5. VENUS EFFOSSA.

V. testa orbiculari, globosa, subspheerica, transversim undato-
suleata et tenuissime striata, alba, sparsim rufo tenue macu-
lata, maculis plerisque trigonulis pracipue in latere postico ;
lunula subcirculari, profundissime impressa, fulva ; marginibus
tenuissime crenulatis.

Venus effossa, Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 43. no. 4. pl. 3. f. 20;
ii. 34. no. 4.

Hab. Sicilia; Algeria.

Il. Testa lamellosa, lamellis simplicibus.
6. VENUS CASINA. B.M.

V. testa orbiculato-subcordata, inzequilaterali ; sulcis transversis,
sursum recurvis, acutis, marginibus parallelis, posticé attenu-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 101

atis, laminatis; marginibus undique crenulatis ; lunula ovato-
cordiformi, impressa, fulva, iregulariter striata ; valvulis intus
alba, extus pallide flavescentibus, maculis rufis irregularibus
biradiatis.
Venus casina, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 685; ed. 12. p. 1130.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 306. pl. 29. f. 301, 302 ?
Schrot. Hinl. ui. 115, excl. fig.
Gmel. p. 3269. no. 7.
Maton § Rack. Linn. Trans. vii. 79. pl. 2. f. 1.
Mont. Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 47.
Dillw. Cat. i. 165. no. 14.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 14.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 587. no. 9; ed. 2. vi. 340.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 111.
Lovén, Ind. Moll. Scand. p. 39.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iii. 1114. no. 6.
Philippi, Enum. Moll. Sicil. ii. 33.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 86.
Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 495. pl. 24. f. 1, 5, 6.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 726. pl. 160. f. 177-180.
Pectunculus membranaceus, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. p. 193.
pl. 13. f. 4.
Venus reflexa, Mont. Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 41.
Turton, Dith, Brit. p. 142. pl. 10. f. 1, 2.
Dillw. Cat. i. 168.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 110; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 10.
Venus lactea, Donov. Brit. Shells, v. pl. 149.
Maton & Rack. Linn. Trans. vii. 79.
Mont. Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 46.
Venus discina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 586. no. 6; ed. 2. vi. 338.
no. 6.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 86.
Junior. Venus Rasterucii, Payr. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 52.
pl: 1. f. 26-28.
Dosina casina, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. vii. 308.

Hab. Oceanus Europzeus ; mare Mediterraneum.

7. VENUS CONSOBRINA.

V. testa ovato-subquadrata, valde ineequilaterali, lateraliter com-
pressa, rufo-flava, aliquantisper fusco biradiata; anticé rotun-
dato-obtusa, posticé truncata, superné infernéque convexa,
transversim profundé et laté sulcata, sulcis antice brevioribus,
sensim in medio elatioribus, posticé laminatis et prominentibus ;
sulco minore majoribus interjecto ; lunula ovato-cordiformi, in
medio elatiore, subcarimata ; area elongata, angusta, valvze dex-

102 BIVALVE SHELLS.

tree lamellosa, sinistre laevigata ; cardine lato, crasso ; sinu pallii
minimo, brevi, angusto, acuté triangulari.

Venus consobrina, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Venus casina, Chemn. Conch. pl. 29. f. 301, 302.

Hab. Mare Norvegicum. Coll. Cuming.

8. Venus ROSALINA.

V. testa ovato-transversa, subaequilaterali, utroque latere obtusa,
depressiuscula, albo-lutescente, roseo pallide radiata et fusco
quadfiradiata, transversim densé sulcata, sulcis sursum reflexis,
ad lunulam interruptis, posticé irregulariter laciniatis; vulva
lanceolata, fusco variegata, labiis incumbentibus ; lunula fusca,
ovato-cordata, plana, impressa, margine crenulato.

Encycl. Méth. pl. 275. f. 6.

Rang, Magas. de Zool. pl. 42.

Venus rosalina, Hanley, in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 56.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 726. pl. 160. f. 181.

Venus crebrisulea (var. ?), Lamk. An. s, Vert. y. 587.

Hab. Mare Senegalense.

9, VENUS AFFINIS. B.M.

V. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, inequilaterali, convexa, tur-
gida, solida, alba, fusco rubente radiatim maculata, costis
crassis transversis reflexis acutiusculis cincta, posticé lami-
natis, elevatiusculis, abrupté interruptis et unilobatis; lunula
cordiformi, plana, fuscescente, excavata; area magna, ovato-
lanceolata, depressiuscula, lobulis terminatis circumscripta,
lmeis undatis transversalibus rubescentibus ornata; valvis
intus albis; sinu pallu angusto, brevi, obtuso.

Encycl. Méth. pl. 275. f. 42
Venus rosalina, Phil, Abbild. ii. 81. pl. 10. f. 1 (non Rang).
Venus affinis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 720. pl. 155. f. 62.

Hab. Mare Senegalense.

10. VENUS RUGOSA. B.M.

V. testa subcordata, globosa, ponderosa, cingulis foliaceis crassi-
usculis recurvatis circumcincta, griseo-albida, maculis rufes-
centibus longitudinalibus sparsim radiata; lunula laté cordata,
impressa; marginibus crenulatis.

Pectunculus variegatus, Lister, Conch. pl. 286. f. 123.
Venus rugosa, Chemn. Conch. vi. 308. pl. 29. f. 303.
Gmel, p. 3276. no. 31.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. y. 587. no. 8.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 103

Venus rugosa, Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iii. 1114. no. 5; in
Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 339. no. 8.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 111.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 13.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 728. pl. 160. f. 185, 186.
Venus no. 3, Schrét. Hinl. mi. 154.
Venus casina, Schrot. Einl. iu. pl. 8. f. 6 (nen Linn.).
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 273. f. 4.
Venus rigida, Dillw. Cat. i. 164. no. 13.

_ Dosina rugosa, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. vin. 308.

Var. minor. Venus cincta, Chemn. Conch. vi. 372. pl. 36. f. 387.
Gmel. p. 3286. no. 81.

Hab. Insule Antillarum; Brasilia.

1l. VENUS OBLONGA. B.M.

V. testa ovato-transversa, oblonga, inzequilaterali, utroque latere
obtusa, tumida, subcordiformi, squalide alba, maculis regu-
laribus rufis in umbonibus aliquantisper picta, transversim
lamelloso-lirata, lamellis crassis, obtusis, posticé acutioribus,
anticé striis longitudinalibus crenulatis, interstitiis levigatis ;
umbonibus tumidis, obliquis; lunula ovato-cordiformi, plana,
striata, stria profunda cireumscripta, valvis intus albis, margi-
nibus tenuissime crenulatis ; smu pallii parvo, angusto, trian-
gulari.

Venus oblonga, Hanley, in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 1.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 732. pl. 161. f. 197, 198.

Venus zelandica, Gray, Cat. Anal. vii. 308; in Yates, New Zea-

land, p. 309 (non Quoy).

Hab. Nova Zelandia.

12, VENUS FOVEOLATA. B.M.

V. testa ovato-transversa, inzequilaterali, lateraliter subcompressa,
posticé angustiore, candidissima, lamellis tenuibus transversis
eincta, anticé eminentioribus, ad umbones distantioribus et
interstitiis striatis; umbonibus minimis, subcordatis; lunula
magna, ovato-cordata, impressa, In medio carmato-convexa ;
valvis intus candidissimis, dente laterali antico magis perspicuo ;
sinu pallu brevi, angulato, laté aperto.

Venus foveolata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 730. pl. 154. f. 46.
Hab. China; mare Martinicense. Mus. Cuming.

13. VENUS CINGULATA.
V. testa cordata, valva convexa, annulis transversis crenulatis

104 BIVALVE SHELLS.

cincta; striis intermediis tenuissimis ; maculis fuscis subra-
diatis.

An Venus radiata? Chemn. Conch. vi. t. 36. f. 386?

Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 69.
Dillw. Cat. i. 189. no. 70.

Venus crenata, var. 8, Gmel. p. 3280. no. 50.

Schrét. Einl. ii. 165. no. 29.

Venus cingulata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 345. no. 17.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 729. pl. 161. f. 191.
Hanley, Descr. Tea 114.

Dosina cingulata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 308.

Hab. Insula Guadalupensis.

14. VENUS LYRA. B.M.

V. testa rotundato-cordata, ventricosa, valde ineequilaterali, al-
bida, lineis maculisque brunneis angulatim variegata, concen-
tricé costellata, costellis confertissimis levibus, medio subim-
bricatis, anticé et posticé membranaceis ; interstitus glabris ;
margine ventrali arcuato, intusque crenato; lunula cordata,
brunnea, profundé impressa; pube excavata, superficie interna
albida.

Venus lyra, Hanley, in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 21. App.

Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 161.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 729. pl. 161. f. 192.

Hab. Sinus Guineensis.

15. VENUS DECLIVIS.

V. testa ovali-subcordata, ineequilaterali, posticé declivi, subacu-
minata, anticé obtusa, albida, immaculata vel pallide violaceo
lirata, intus pallide rosea, laminis transversalibus distantibus
erectis et striis intermediis elevatis cincta; margine dorsali
paululum excavato, irregulariter et sparsim lmeato; lunula
umpressa, cordiformi; marginibus crenulatis.

Venus declivis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 730. pl. 157. f. 123, 124.
Hab. ?

III. Testa lameilosa, lamellis crispis, sulcis longitudinalibus.

16. VENUS PUERPERA. B.M.

V. testa magna, ponderosa, cordata, turgida, albo-flavescente,
maculis irregularibus fuscis notata, posticé fusca, apicibus vio-
laceo breviter biradiatis, lamellis erectis brevibus transversali-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 105

bus cincta, longitudinaliter tenué sulcata; labiis vulve plicatis
incumbentibus; lunula cordiformi, impressa, lamellosa, in medio
prominula; marginibus tenué crenulatis ; valvis intus albidis
seu croceis, in plerisque violaceo postice tinctis.

Pectunculus cancellatus, Lister, Conch. pl. 336. f. 173.
Knorr, Vergn. vi. pl. 10. f. 1.
Venus puerpera, Linn. Mant. p. 545.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 372. pl. 36. f. 388, 389.
Schrot. Einl. wm. 152.
Gmel. p. 3276. no. 28.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 278. f. 1.
Dillw. Cat. i. 188 (ex parte).
Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 584. no. 1 (exclus. var. 2).
Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 334 (exclus. var. 2).
Sow. Genera of Shelis, f. 1.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 67. f. 1.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 109.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 703. pl. 152. f. 1.
Venus reticulata, Born, Test. Mus. p. 69.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 66.
Dosina puerpera, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. vui. 308.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus; insule Borbonica et Madagascariensis.

17. VENUS LACERATA. |

V. testa Veneri puerpere affini, mints autem ventricosa et mar-
gine ventrali posticoque magis arcuatis ; margine ligamentali
subrecto et minimé declivi; lamellis concentricis confertioribus
et posticé asperrimis; superficie externa albida, lineis ferru-
gineis aut brunneis angulatim strigata; extremitate postica
imtus extusque immaculata.

Venus lacerata, Hanley, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 23. App. ;
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 161.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 704. pl. 152. f. 3, 4.

Hab. Amboina; insulze Moluccarum.

18. VENUS MAGNIFICA.

V. testa suborbiculari, subecordata, tumida, solidissima, valde in-
zquilaterali ; margines versus purpureo tincta, umbones ver-
sus albida, brunneo sparsim maculata; lineis concentricis,
sulcisque radiantibus decussata ; lineis anticé undatis et paulo
elevatis, posticé obscletis, medio planulatis et sursum spectan-
tibus; sulcis frequentibus, profundis; margine ventrali ar-
cuato, intusque crenato; dorsali, anticé convexo et declivi,
posticé convexo et vix declivi; latere postico majore, obtuso ;

Bae

106 BIVALVE SHELLS.

natibus maximé curvatis; pube lunulaque prominente, cordi-
formi, livido-purpureis ; ligamento infosso ; superficie interna
albida, immaculata; dentibus ut in Venere puerpera.

Venus magnifica, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845, p. 21.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 704. pl. 152. f. 5.

Hab. Insula Ticao, Philippinarum.

19. Venus LisTERI. B.M.

V. testa ovato-cordiformi, tumida, solidiuscula, ineequilaterali ;
cingulis transversalibus foliaceis crispis erectis distantibus
cincta, longitudinaliter densé striata; latere antico brevi, ob-
tuso, angusto, postico lato, truncato, flavescente fusco pallido
nebulata, aliquantisper immaculata; intus alba, posticé vio-
laceo tincta; lunula cordata, impressa, lamellosa, in medio
carinata.

Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 278. f. 2.
Knorr, Vergn. vi. pl. 10. f. 3. junior?
Favanne, Conch. pl. 46. f. B 1.
Venus puerpera (ex parte), Dillw. Cat. i. 188. no. 68.
Venus puerpera (var. 2), Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 585.
Desh. in Lamk. An, s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 335.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 67.
Dosina Listeri, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 308.
Venus Listeri, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 110.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 705. f. 8 (alteris exclusis).

Hab. Insule Philippinenses (Cuming); Australia.

20. VENUS CLATHRATA.

V.testa magna, ponderosa, solida, ovato-transversa, inzequilaterali,
crassa, cordiformi, alba, rufo pallido irregulariter maculata et
subradiata, posticé rufa, transversim sulcato-laminosa, longi-
tudinaliter multisuleata, decussata ; costis transversalibus nu-
merosis longitudinalibus decussantibus ; latere antico obtuso,
postico latiore, truncato, superiore fere recto, inferiore arcuato ;
valvis intus albis vel pallide flavis, marginibus obsoleté crenu-
latis; simu pallii lato, profundo, apice obtusissimo; lunula
ovata, pallide rufescente, in medio prominula, subcarinata.

Venus Listeri, var., Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 705. pl. « f.
Venus clathrata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Hab. ? Coll. Cuming.

21. VENUS MULTICOSTATA.
V. testa maxima, crassa, ponderosa, ovato-transversa, valde in-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 107

eequilaterali, turgida, anticé brevi, obtusa, posticé oblique
subtruncata, margine dorsali gibba, squalide fulva, saturatiore
aliquantisper quadriradiata, transversim multilamellosa, longi-
tudinaliter sulcata, sulcis laminas decussantibus; lamellis crassis,
laté superné reflexis subcrenulatis, lateribus eminentioribus,
minus numerosis ; lunula magna, ovato-cordata, impressa, la-
mellosa ; valvis intus albis, pallidissime roseis ; dentibus tribus,
mediano bifido ; marginibus integris.

Venus multicostata, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 22.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 705. pl. 152. f. 9, 10.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p..128 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 29.

Hab. America meridionalis ; mare Peruvianum et Chiliense.

22, VENUS LAQUEATA.

V. testa ovata, ventricosa, turgida, inzequilaterali, transversa,
cordiformi, latere antico breviore, angustiore, postico obtuse
truncato, alba vel flavo rubescente, maculis rufis irregularibus
ornata aut triradiata; lamellis transversalibus numerosis, latis,
crispis, anticé posticéque elatioribus exasperata, seepius denti-
culatis, sulcis longitudinalibus numerosis radiantibus decus-
sata; umbonibus tumidis, revolutis ; lunula magna, cordata,
imbricato-lamellosa; area angulosé excavata; dente medio
valvee sinistre, postico valve dextrz profunde bifidis; margi-
nibus tenue crenulatis.

Venus laqueata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 706. pl. 153. f. 15.
Hab. Nova Hollandia, ad Flumen Cygnorum.

23. VENUS RESTICULATA.

V. testa ovato-suborbiculari, crassa, tumida, cordato-subglobosa.
inzquilaterali, anticé brevissima, obtusa, posticé latiore, ro-
tundata, squalide fuscescente, ad umbones fusco maculata ;
transversim lamellis crassis, brevibus, crenulatis, obtusis cincta,
longitudinaliter radiatim sulcata, anticé posticéque lamellis
minus numerosis, posticé elatioribus; umbonibus brevibus.
obliquis ; lunula magna, irregulariter lamellosa, in medio cari-
nata; intus alba vel roseo-pudorima; sinu pallu profundo.
obtuso, marginibus parallelis.

Venus resticulata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 706. pl. 153. f. 23.
Hab. Portus Essingtonensis.

24. VENUS CRISPATA.

V. testa ovato-transversa, turgida, ineequilaterali, anticé brevi
ace . t=} . . ,
posticé latiore, subtruncata, alba, rufo irregulariter maculata,

108 BIVALVE SHELLS.

transversim multilamellosa; lamellis ad umbones tenuibus, in
medio et ad margines crassioribus, inflexis, sulcis longitudina-
libus decussatis et crenulatis, anticé posticéque eminentioribus
et dentatis ; umbonibus tumidis, depressiusculis; lunula fusces-
cente, elongato-cordata; valvis intus in fornice croceis ; sinu
pallii latissimo, profundo ; marginibus tenuissime et regulariter
crenatis ; ligamento profundé immerso.

Venus crispata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Venus Listeri, var., Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 705. pl. 152. f. 7.

Hab. ——? Mus. Gray. et Cuming.

25. Venus CHEMNITZII. B.M.

V. testa rhombeo-cordata, crassa, ventricosa, valde inzequilaterali,
albida, brunneo radiatim maculata et strigata, radiatim costel-
lata, concentricé lamellifera ; lamellis numerosis, brevissimis,
undique crispis; costellis angustis confertissimis; margine
ventrali convexo, intusque crenulato; dorsali postico, subrecto
et minimé declivi; latere postico superné angulato; antico
brevi, attenuato, rotundato; lunula fusca, cordata ; ligamento
angusto, infosso; superficie interna albida, immaculata.

Venus reticulata (ex parte), Chemn. Conch. vi. pl. 36. f. 384.
Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 160.
Wood, Suppl. App. pl. 16. f. 20.

Hab. Insule Philippimenses.

26. VENUS RETICULATA. B.M.

V. testa crassa, tumida, obliqué cordata, alba ex fusco radiata
et maculata; striis longitudinalibus minoribus et transversis
crassioribus majoribus, solidé arcuato-dentatis, reflexis ; mar-
ginibus integris; labiis incumbentibus; lunula cordiformi,
impressa, longitudinaliter plicato-rugosa; intus alba; cardine
croceo.

Pectunculus gravis, Lister, Conch. pl. 335. f. 172.
Concha cordiformis, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 83. f. F.
Venus reticulata, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 687; ed. 12. p. 1133,
plurib. syn. exclus.; Mus. Ulr. ii. 503. no. 64.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 367. pl. 36. f. 382-384,
Schrot. Einl. iu. 134.
Gmel. p. 3275. no. 26.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 276. f. 4.
Venus reticulata, Dillw. Cat. i. 188. no. 67. excl. plur. synon.
Venus Corbis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 585. no. 4.
Desh. ed. 2. vi. 337.
Dosina reticulata, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. viii. 308.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 109

Venus reticulata, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 110; in Wood, Suppl.
pleiGites:
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 706. pl. 153. f. 11-13.

Hab. Mare Rubrum; oceanus Indicus; imsule Marquises
dicte ; Fretus Torres dictus; insule Philippimenses (Cuming);
mare Madagascariense.

27. VENUS MONILIFERA.

V. testa subcompressa, subquadrata, fulva, fusco-rubescente
radiatim maculata, et posticé angulatim sublineata; costellis
moniliferis radiantibus et costellis concentricis crassiusculis
crenulatis decussata; margine dorsali elevato, rectiusculo ;
latere antico breviusculo, subquadrato, medio depresso ; latere
postico truncato, subangulato ; cardine dentibus aurantiis.

Venus monilifera, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 707. pl. 153. f. 19.
Hab. Insula Mindoro, Philippmarum (Cuming).

28. Venus SOWERBYI.

V. testa ovato-subquadrata, inequilaterali, turgida, cordiformi,
crassissima, ponderosa, alba, rufo pallido quadriradiata, antice
obtusa, brevi, posticé latiore, oblique et laté truncata, longitu-
dinaliter tenué et regulariter sulcata, lamellis brevibus, crassis,
erectis, irregulariter dispositis, crenulatis, posticé latioribus te-
nuioribusque decussata ; umbonibus magnis, cordatis ; lunula
magna, piana, impressa, rufo-purpurascente; area dorsali
elongato-lanceolata, in valva sinistra maculis magnis castaneis
notata; vulvis mtus albo pallide flavicantibus.

Venus Sowerbyi, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Insule Philippmenses. Coll. Cuming.

29. VENUS ANTIQUA. B.M.

V. testa rotundato-inflata, rufescente, crassa, concentricé lamel-
losa, lamellis lateribus magis, radiatim sulcata ; radiis meequa-
libus; lunula cordiformis; latere antico brevi; latere postico
elongato, subtruncato.

Venus antiqua, King, Zool. Journ. v. 336. no. 11.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amer. Moll. p. 562.
Dosina antiqua, Gray, Anal, yin. 309.
Var. minor.
Venus discrepans, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 9. no. 2. pl. 3. f. 2.
Venus costellata, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 42.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 705. pl. 153. f. 14.

Hah. Patagonia occidentalis; mare Peruvianum et Chiliense.

110 BIVALVE SHELLS.

30. Venus DomBEl. B.M.

V. testa ovato-rotundata, crassa, testacea, aliquando albo-flava,
lineis flexuosis et angulatis maculisve flavis notata, sulcis
planulatis, strias transversas decussantibus ; intus alba, ali-
quantisper punctis impressis erosa ; lunula ovata; sinu pallii
angusto, profundo, margine superiore recto, inferiore arcuato ;
marginibus valvarum crenulatis.

Venus Dombeii, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 590. no. 21.
Desh. Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 346. no. 21.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 115; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 5. pl. 2. f. 1.
D’ Orb. Paléont. de Amér. Mérid. p. 160.
Venus Thaca, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 557. pl. 82. f. 11.
An eadem spec. ? Chamathaca, Molina, Hist. Nat. du Chili,p.178.
Gmel. p. 3305. no. 22.?
? Venus Iguebilei, Phil. loc. cit. pl. 3. f. 4.
Tapes Dombeii, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 696. pl. 150. f. 118.
Var. 8. Testa minus ovata.
Venus columbiensis, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc.

Hab. Chili.

31. Venus LAMARCKII. B.M.

V. testa ovata, transversa, tumida, subcordata, cingulis transver-
salibus foliaceis erectis distantibus cincta; longitudinaliter
densé striata et crenulata; albo-flavescente, maculis rufescen-
tibus nebulata et maculata, aliquantisper subradiata, intus
roseo-purpurascente ; lunula fusca, impressa, vulva elongato-
lanceolata, levigata, angulo cireumdata.

Venus lamellata, var., Chemn. Conch, vi. p. 310, pl. 29. f. 306, 307.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 267. f. 7.
Venus reticulata, var., Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 585.
Venus (spec.), Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 336, note.
Venus subrostrata, Gray in Wood, Suppl. pl. 2. f. 7.
Dosina Lamarcki, Gray, Cat. Cyth. Anal. vui. p. 308.
Venus Lamarckii, Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 68. f. 4.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 113.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 707. pl. 153. f. 20, 21.
Venus cancellata (ex parte), Dillw. Cat. i. 165. no. 15.

Hab. Mare Senegalense?; China; Japan.

32. VENUS NODULOSA.

V. testa ovali-subtrigona, alba, fuseo obscuré triradiata et ma-
culata, intus rosea, costellis radiantibus, anticé duplicatis et

BIVALVE SHELLS. 111

laminis erectis, anticé valide reflexis, superné costellatis, subtus
noduliferis, posticé lobatis et expansis, decussata; latere
postico elongato, subrostrato; margine dorsali declivi, planu-
latim excavato ; latere antico breviusculo, margine rotundatim
elevato; lunula depressa, radiatim striata, fusca.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 708. pl. 153. f. 16.
Hab. 2

Testa V. Lamarckii affinis, sed costellis longitudinalibus, subtus

lamellis transversalibus nodulosis distincta.

03. VENUS CRENULATA. B.M.

V. testa triangulari-subcordata, gibba, striis transversis mem-
branaceis, interstitiis densissime crenulatis, radiata, radiis
variegatis, valva obliterata, natibus recurvatis, ano cordiformi,
circumscripto, testaceo, margine crenulato.

Encycl. Méth. pl. 267. f. 4?

Venus crenulata, Chemn. Conch. vi. 370. pl. 36. f. 385.
Dillw. Cat. i. 189. no. 69, syn. plur. exelus.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 68.

Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 586. no. 5.

Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 338.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 110.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 729. pl. 161. f. 190.
Venus crenata, Gmel. p. 3279. no. 50, var. exclus.
Venus no. 28, Schrot. Einl. iii. 164.

Venus eximia, Phil. Zeits. f. Malac. 1847, p.90; Abbild. Conch.

ii, da. ple 9. f. 2:

Hab. Brasilia; India occidentalis.

34. VENUS CREBRISULCA.

V. testa cordato-rotundata, albida, rufo-maculata, sulcis trans-
versis crebris, obtusis, ad latus posticum eminentioribus, sub-
lamellosis.

Encycel. pl. 276. f. 1. a, b.
Venus crebrisulea, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 587. no. 10 (exclus.
varietate) ; ed. 2. vi. p. 340.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 111.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus.

30. VENUS PULICARIA.

V. testa ovato-trigona, subcordiformi, inequilaterali, anticé
obtusa, angusta, brevi, posticé acuminata, inferné arcuata ;

112 BIVALVE SHELLS.

margine dorsali, postico recto, antico concaviusculo ; lamellis
tenuibus, numerosis, regularibus, margine denticulatis, crispis
cincta, interstitiis tenuissime longitudinaliter striatis, albo-
flavicante, lineis angulosis punctisque fuscis equaliter sparsis
victa; umbonibus acutis, elatis, obliquis; lunula fusca, leevigata,
seg profunda circumdata; area lata, eleganter striata, et
lineis latis fuscis albisque alternatis ornata; valvis intus vio-
laceis ; sinu pallii angusto, brevi, obtuso, obliqué ascendente.

Cytherea pulicaria, Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835.
Hab. Columbia prope Chiriqui. Coll. Cuming.

36. Venus ISABELLEANA.

V. testa ovato-trigona, compressa, crassa, albida, levi, concen-
trice subrugosa, subeequilaterali; lateribus subangulatis; lu-
nula lanceolata, labro intus denticulato.

Venus Isabelleana, D’Orb. Voy. en. Amér. Moll. p. 556. pl. 83.
f. 3, 4.

Hab. La République Orientale (D’Ord.). ’

Species incerta.
37. VENUS AGRESTIS.

V. testa cordato-orbiculari, tumida, solida, alba, sulcis incrementi
irregularibus, subscalaribus, radiatim striata; lunulalaté cordata;
area nulla, margine crenulato.

Venus agrestis, Phil. Arch. fiir Naturg. 1845, p. 54; Abbild.
Conch. pl. 4. f. 2.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 727. pl. 156. f. 75, 76.

Hab. Fretus Magellanicus.

b. Testa ovata, subtrigona. Trachea apice libera. Pes lan-
ceolatus. Dentibus cardinalibus triangularibus, lateralibus
anticis nullis, Venusina.

Genus 9. GEMMA,

Animal ignotum.

Testa rotundato-trigona, subequilateralis, levigata; cardo
brevis, angustus, dentes cardinales tres in valva sinistra, media-
nus conicus, triangularis, parum arcuatus, duo in valva dextra
divergentes, fossula lata interposita ; impressiones musculares
marginales inferiores extremitatibus approximate ; impressio
pallu marginalis, sinus angustus, excavatus, longissimus, perpen-
diculariter ascendens ; ligamentum externum.

“

BIVALVE SHELLS. 113

Venus (species), Totten (183 ), Sill. Journ. xxvi. 367.
Gould (1841), Rep. Inv. of Massac. p. 88.
Hanley (1843), Descr. Cat. p. 126.

DeKay (184 ), Zool. of New York, v. 218.
Sow. jun. (1852), Thes. Conch. p. 737.
Gemma, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

1. GEMMA GEMMA. B.M.

G. testa parva, ovato-trigona, subzequilaterali, transversim striata,
nitida violaceo-amethystina ; cardine angusto, dentibus diva-
ricatis, mediano in utraque valva triangulari ; marginibus cre-
nulatis.

Venus Gemma, Totten, Sill. Journ. xxvi. 367. f. 2. a-d.
Gould, Report Inv. of Massachus. p. 88. f. 51.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 126; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 45.
DeKay, Zool. de New York, v. 218. pl. 27. f. 277.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 737. pl. 158. f. 141.

Hab. Status Uniti Americe septentrionalis.

Genus 10. MERCENARIA,

Animal ignotum.

Testa triangulari-cordiformis, zquivalvis, ventricosa, globosa.
Cardo in utraque valva dentes tres compressi, erecti, subdivergen-
tes; anteriores valve sinistre et posteriores valve dextre vali-
diores, sub-bifidi; reliqui simplices, lamellati. Nymphe intus
prominentes; intus obliqué sulcato-crenate ; crenis undulatis
(Schumacher), impressio pallii margine inferiore remota, posticé

sinu brevi, angusto, triangulari terminata, marginibus crebre
crenulatis.

Pectunculus, Lister (1685), Conch. pl. 271.

Concha, Gualt. (1742), Ind. Test. pl. 88.

Chamelea, Klein (1753), Tent. Ostrac. p. 155.

Venus (spec.), Linn. (1761) Faun. Suec. ed. 2. p.519; Syst. Nat.

ed. 10. (1758) p. 686; (1767) ed. 12. p. 1128.

Spengler (1789), Berl. Naturf. vi. 307.

Mercenaria, Schumacher (1817), Essai dune Meéth. p. 1365.
Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 183.

1. MERCENARIA VIOLACEA. B.M.

M. testa ovato-trigona, cordata, crassa, ponderosa, anticé latiore,
postice obtuse angulata, griseo squalida, in medio seeplus
rufescente, transversim striato-lamellosa ; striis tenuibus, ele-
vatis, in medio evanidis, postice irregularibus; umbonibus mag-

114 BIVALVE SHELLS.

nis, anticé obliqué incumbentibus; lunula magna, impressa, cor-
diformi; marginibus tenué crenulatis, intus violascentibus.

Pectunculus, Lister, Hist. Conch. pl. 271. f. 107.
Venus mercenaria (ex parte), Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 686;
ed. 12. p. 1131; Faun. Suec. f: 519. no. 2144.
Wood. Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 40.
Venus mercenaria, Spengler, Berl. Naturf. vi. 307. pl. 6. f. 1, 2, 3.
Schrot. Einl. iu. 122.
Chemn. Conch. x. 352. pl. 171. f. 1659, 1660.
Gmel. Syst. Nat. ed. 13. p. 3271. no. 14.
Dillw. Cat. i. 176. no. 41.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 591.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iii. 1117. no. 13; in Lamk. An.
s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 346. no. 21.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 115.
Gould, Invert. Massach. p. 85. f. 52.
DeKay, Zool. de New York, v. 217.
Mitchell, Sill. Journ. x. 287.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 733. pl. 162. f. 204.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 263.
Mercenaria violacea, Schumacher, Nouv. Ess. p. 135. pl. 10. f. 3.

Hab. Status Uniti Americz septentrionalis.

2. MERCENARIA NOTATA. B.M.

M. testa cordato-ovata, posticé subundata, albida, lineis fuscis
ziczacformibus transversis picta; wmbonibus lineis elevatis
transversis distantibus; extremitatibus lineis transversis ele-
vatis confertis sculptis ; margine crenulato.

Venus notata, Say, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. vi. 271.
Gould, Invert. of Massach. p. 86. f. 54.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 128. pl. 2. f. 3.
DeKay, Zool. de New York, v. 218. pl. 27. f. 278.
Venus mercenaria, var., Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 733. pl. 162.
f, 205.

Hab. Mare septentrionale ; Status Uniti.

3. MercENARIA Morronl. B.M.

M. testa gigantea, crassissima, ponderosa, ovato-trigona, albo-
flavicante vel grisea, anticé obtusa, posticé angustiore, suban-
gulata, in junioribus maculis angulatis notata, transversim
striato-lamellosa, lamellis sursum reflexis, ad umbones distan-
tioribus; lunula magna, cordiformi, impressa, vulva angulo
circumscripta.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 115

Venus Mortoni, Conrad, Journ. Acad. Nat. Se. vii. 251; Sill.
Journ. ser. 2. 11. 395.
DeKay, Zool. de New York, v. 219.
Venus tenuilamellata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 733. pl. 161.
1a
Venus albo-radiata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 732. pl. 161. f. 199.

Hab. Simus Mexicanus; Cuba.

4, MERCENARIA PRHPARCA.

M. testa crassa, subovata, albo-grisea, maculis undato-angulatis
spadiceis picta, lineis transversis numerosis, elevatis, acutis,
lateribus emimentioribus in medio obsoletis ; interstitiis levi-
gatis; lunula cordiformi,in medio elevata, intus albo-lutescente.

Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. ii. 271.

Venus notata, var., Gould, Rep. Invert. Mass. p. 86. f. 67.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 117; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 41.

Venus preparca, DeKay, Zool. de New York, v. 219.

Hab. Status Uniti Americz septentrionalis.

Genus 11. ANOMALOCARDIA.

Animal ignotum.

Testa triangularis, posticé elongato-rostrata, equivalvis, ven-
tricosa. Cardo in valva sinistra dentes duo cardinales ; anterior
conico-triangularis, acutus, subrecurvus; posterior linearis, sub
nympha parallelus ; in valva dextra dentes duo cardinales ; ante-
rior compressiusculus, erectus, obtusus, posterior triangularis,
decumbens. Nymphz parve, interné crenulatz (Schumacher) ;
impressio palli posticé sinu angusto, triangulari vel fere nullo
terminata.

Anomalocardia, Klein (1753), Tent. Ostrac. p. 142. no. 3.
Anomalocardia, Schumacher (1817), Essai d’une Méth. p. 134
(non Klein).
Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 183.
Venus (spec.), Linn. (1758) Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 688. no. 111;
(1767) ed. 12. p. 1131. no. 121, p. 1133. no. 135.
Born (1780), Test. Mus. Vind. p. 62.
Chemn. (1782) Conch. vi. 330, 332.
Triquetra, Blainv. (1818) Dict. Se. Nat. x. Tabl. (non Klein) ;
(1825) Malac. p. 557. subgenus.
Anton (1839), Verz. p. 10. subgen. Veneris.
Cytherea (spec.) Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. v. 579.

116 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Synopsis SPECIERUM.

I. Testa semirugosa, 1-5.
II. Testa decussata, 6, 7.

I. Testa semirugosa.

1. ANOMALOCARDIA FLEXUOSA.

A. testa cordato-trigona, anticé obtusa, posticé attenuata, angu-
lata, sulcis transversis flexuosis et crenulatis ; area dorsali im-
pressa, margine angulato circumscripta, lunula impressa, cor-
diformi ; marginibus crenulatis.

Tellina affinis, &c., Petiv. Gaz. pl. 75. f. 8.

Concha cordiformis, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 83. f. 1.

Chama cordiformis, Fav. D’Herbig. Dict. ii. 91.

Venus flexuosa, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1131.

Born, Test. Mus. p. 62. pl. 4. f. 10.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 330. pl. 31. f. 333, 334.
Schrét. Einl. mi. 119.
Gmel. p. 3270. no. 12.
Encycl. Méth. Vers, pl. 266. f. 6.
Dillw. Cat. i. 172. no. 32.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 32.
Venus, Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 326.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 116.
Blainv. Malac. pl. 75. f. 5.

Cytherea flexuosa, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 579.

Anomalocardia rugosa, Schum. Essai, p. 134. pl. 20. f. 4.

Cytherea lunularis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 327. no. 74.

Venus lunularis, Phil. Abbild. Conch. i. 177. pl. 3. f. 10.

Venus macrodon, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 717. pl. 156. f. 88-
90 (non Lamk.).

Var. 8. Venus punctifera, Gray, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. loc. cit.
pl. 156. f. 87.

Hab. America meridionalis ad oras Brasilianas, Martinicenses,
Guadalupenses, &c.

2. ANOMALOCARDIA SUBRUGOSA.

A. testa oblongo-trigona, crassa, solida, anticé obtusa, posticé
attenuata, subangulata, albo-flavescente castaneo radiata, li-
turata vel punctata, apicibus sulcis latis, convexis rugatis et
striis longitudinalibus angustis decussatis, suleis striaque in
medio evanescentibus ; lunula magna, cordata, planulata, vulva
impressa,

BIVALVE SHELLS. plz

Venus subrugosa, Sow. Gen. of Shells, Venus, f. 2.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 67. f. 2.
Wood, Suppl. pl. 2. f. 6.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 116.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 177. pl. 3. f. 6, 7.
D’Orb. Voy. au Amér. Moll. p. 561.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch, p. 721. pl. 155. f. 63.

Hab. America meridionalis, littora Peruviana; Panama
(Hinds).

3. ANOMALOCARDIA MACRODON.
A. testa cordato-trigona, flavescente, immaculata, rugis trans-
versis integris, superné obsoletis ; dente anali maximo.

Cytherea macrodon, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. no. 73.

Venus macrodon, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 327. no. 73.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 9. f. 3, a, b, ¢.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 116; in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 9. f. 7.

Hab. Oceanus Pacificus? (Lamk.)

4. ANOMALOCARDIA SUBIMBRICATA.

A. testa cordato-subtrigona, crassa, fusco albidoque radiatim
lineata vel variegata, costellis radiantibus confertis, costis sub-
imbricatis decussantibus, prope umbonem lamelliferis; latere
antico breviore, impressione cordata, antica, magna; latere
postico longiore, declivi, planato, depresso; margine ventrali
rotundato, intus denticulato; valvis intus albis; impressione
pallu simplice.

Venus subimbricata, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 21.

Wood, Index Suppl. pl. 15. f. 57. App.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 711. pl. 154. f. 35-38.

Hab. America centralis.

5. ANOMALOCARDIA ROSTRATA.

A. testa parva, leevi, grisea, subtrigona, concentricé lirata; latere
postico producto, rostrato, latere antico brevi, subacuminato ;
lunula et area dorsali lividis, levigatis (Sow. jun.).

Venus rostrata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 717. pl. 156. f. 91.
Hab. ——?

Il. Testa decussata.
6. ANOMALOCARDIA SQUAMOSA.
A. testa cordato-trigona, gibba, posticé attenuata, angulata vel

118 BIVALVE SHELLS.

subrostrata, flavida, aliquantisper ochracea, sulcis longitudi-
nalibus, aliquando geminatis et transversalibus decussata,
squamosa; lunula magna, cordiformi, fuscescente ; cardine
violaceo maculato.

An Chama flexuosa? Rumph. Amb. pl. 44. f. M?
Pectunculus parvus, Petiv. Amb. pl. 18. f. 17?
Concha cordiformis, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 83. f. G.
Venus squamosa, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 688 ; ed. 12. p. 1133.

Chemn. Conch. vi. 332. pl. 31. f. 335.

Schrot. Binl. iii. 135. no. 24.

Gmel. p. 3275. no. 27.

Dillw. Cat. i. 190. no. 72.

Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 71.

Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 327.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 115.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 716. pl. 156. f. 83, 84.
Cytherea squamosa, Lamk, An. s. Vert. v. 580. no. 75.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus (Chemn., Lamk.).

7. ANOMALOCARDIA IMPRESSA.

A. testa cordato-trigona, inzequilaterali, crassa, tumida, anticé
obtusa, posticé attenuata, sinuosa, compressa, alba vel flava,
obscuré griseo vel fusco radiata; lunula magna, levigata,
cordiformi, area angusta, excavata, levigata, lanceolata; rugis
transversalibus undulosis, striis longitudimalibus crenulatis ;
latere postico striis longitudinalibus et transversis decussato ;
cardine bidentato; simu pallii lato profundoque.

Venus impressa, Hanley, in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 27.
Venus flexuosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 716. pl. 156. f. 85, 86
(non Linn.).

Hab. ?

Genus 12. CHIONE.

Animal ovato-triangulare, pallii margines plicato-dentati, pos-
tic conjuncti, et tracheis binis brevibus imeequalibus, basi latis
et conjunctis, terminati; trachea branchialis in margine aperture
biseriatim tentaculata, tentaculis internis longioribus, minus nu-
merosis ; trachea anali valvula conica terminata, in margine
ciliata. Pes compressus, triangularis ; appendices labiales parvi,
triangulares. Branchize late, meequales, subquadrangulares, laté
plicatze, posticé conjuncte.

Testa ovato-trigona, plus minusve incrassata aut subcordifor-
mis; cardo angustus, solidus, in valvula dextra tridentatus,
in sinistra bidentatus, dentibus divaricatis, inzequalibus, dente an-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 119

tico longiore; margines tenue crenulati; ligamentum externum
angustum ; impressio pallii sinu postico fere nullo vel brevissimo
et triangulari terminata.

Pectunculus, Lister (1685), Conch. pl. 282, &c.
Petiver (1711), Gazoph. pl. 75. ‘
Da Costa (1778), Conch. Brit. p. 191, &e.

Venus (spec.), Linn. (1758) Syst. Nat. ed. 10; (1767) ed. 12.
. 1128.

Chemnitz, Schroter, Gmelin, Dillwyn, Lamarck, &c.
Callista et Callistoderma (spec.), Poli (1795), Test. Sicil. ii.
Chione, Megerle (1811), Entw. p. 51 (non Gray, 1838).

Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 183.

Antigone, Schumacher (1817), Essai d’une Class. p. 154.
Ortygia, Brown (1827), Test. Brit.
Timoclea, Leach (1819), MS. teste Gray.

Synopsis SPECIERUM.
I. Species lamellosze.
a. Lamelle membranacee, 1-13.
b. Lamelle breviores, crassiores, 14-20.
ce. Lamelle crassissime, 21-28.
II. Species cancellatz.
a. Trigone, 29-51.
b. Ovate, cordiformes, 52-56.
III. Species decussate, 57-72.
IV. Species transversim striate, 73-92.
V. Species levigatz, 93-108.
Species incerta, 109-129.

I. Species lamellose.
a. Lamelle membranacee.
1. CHIONE LAMELLATA. B.M.
C. testa ovali, anticé angulata, albida; lamellis transversis, di-
stantibus, anticé appendiculatis, latere superiore striatis.

Venus lamellata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 349. no. 28.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 68. f. 3.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 6, a, 6.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 119.

120 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus lamelliata, Wood, 1st Suppl. pl. 2. f. 1.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 725. pl. 160. f. 176.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

2, CHIONE PLICATA. BM.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subquadrangulari, obliqua, inzqui-
laterali, depressiuscula, purpurascente, lamellis membranaceis
transversalibus numerosis posticé angulatis cincta; in angulis
lamellis prominentioribus ; umbonibus depressis, approximatis,
valde inflexis; lunula impressa, cordiformi, purpurea; area
elongata, lata, depressa, angulo squamato circumdata, valvis
intus albis; sinu pallu parvo, triangulari, horizontali, apice
obtusiusculo.

Favanne, Conch. pl. 47. f. E 7.

Valentyn’s Verhand. pl. 15. f. 21.

Venus lamellata, Born, Mus. p. 61. pl. 4. f. 9.

Chama venerea, D’ Argenv. Conch. pl. 21. f. K.

Venus foliaceo-lamellosa, Chemn. Conch. vi. 299. pl. 28. f. 295-
297.

Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 275. f. 3, a, b.

Venus plicata, Gmel. p. 3276. no. 30.

Dillw. Cat. i. 162. no. 9.

Wood, Ind. Test. pis foie 9!

Lamk. An. s. Vert. y. no. 11.

Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 1115. no. 8; in Lamk. ed. 2.
vi. 341. no. 11.

Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 68. f. 6.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 111.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 725. pl. 160. f. 174.

Hab. Littus Senegalense ; Oceanus Indicus ?

3. CHIONE YATEI. B.M.
C. testa ovato-transversa, subquadrata, compressa, inzequilaterali,
squalide et pallide flavida vel fuscescenti; latere antico brevi,
subangulato, postico truncato; lamellis tenwbus, erectis, di-
stantibus, posticé eminentioribus et dentatis, cmeta ; lunula im-
bricato-lamellosa; ligamento immerso.
Venus Yatei, Gray, in Yates, New Zealand.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 112.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 726. pl. 155. f. 68.

Hab. Nova Zelandia.
4. CHIONE CALOPHYLLA. B.M.
C. testa ovato-trigona, inzequilaterali, obliqua, depressa, alba, la-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 121

mellis tenuibus transversis latis distantibus roseo maculatis
cincta, pube interruptis ; lunula cordiformi, squamis_latis
prominentibus circumdata ; pube excavata, marginibus tenué
crenulatis.

Valentyn, Amb. pl. 16. f. 29.

Venus calophylla, Hanley in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 26.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 724. pl. 160. f. 176.

Venus tiara, Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 67. f. 3 (non Dillw.).

Hab. Oceanus Indicus et Chinensis; Australia (Jukes).

5. CHIoNE CuMINGII. B.M.

C. testa rotundato-trigona, ventricosa, cordiformi, valde inzequi-
laterali, anticé obtusa, posticé angulata, «tate subrostrata,
albo-lutescente vel grisea, lamellis tenuibus erectis simplici-
bus cincta, anticé posticéque abrupté imterruptis, et lunulam
areamque circumscribentibus ; lunula brevi, cordata, plana,
levigata, inferné elatiore ; area elongato-Janceolata, excavata,
in margine angulosa ; valvis intus albis, posticé pallidé purpu-
reis; sinu palli brevissimo triangulari, zequilaterali ; umboni-
bus valde incurvatis, appressis.

Venus Cumingii, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 725. pl. 157. f. 122.
Hab. Nova Hollandia.

6. CHIONE LAMELLOSA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, inzequilaterali, turgidula, posticé longiore,
angulata, roseo-ferruginea ; cingulis foliaceis distantibus pos-
ticé interruptis cincta; area posticali impressa, violacea vel
purpurea, ad marginem laciniata; lunula laté cordata, linea
impressa circumscripta, subtus squamulis erectis cireumdata,
intus alba; marginibus tenuissime crenulatis.

Venus casina, var. 6, Linn. Mus. Ulr. p. 498.
Venus lamellosa, Chemn. Conch. vi. 298. pl. 28. f. 293, 294,
Var. 8. Lamellis brevioribus.

Hab. 2

7. CHIONE TIARA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, subcordata, compressa, alba, rubro-vio-
lascente triradiata ; lamellis acutis, tenuibus, latis, erectis, di-
stantibus, transversaliter instructa, lamellis in latere postico
depressis et in margine pubes prominentibus ; lunula ovata,
depressa; marginibus tenuissime crenatis ; latere postico intus
violaceo.

6

122 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Concha Veneris orientalis, Chemn. Conch. vi. 290. pl. 27. £.279-
281.
Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 88. f. D.
Encycl. pl. 275. f. 4. a, 6.
Venus tiara, Dillw. Cat. i. 162 (exclus. plur. syn.).
Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 372. no. 91.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 112; Wood, Ind. pl. 7. f. 8.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 723. pl. 158. f. 125, 126 (exclus.
alteris).
An eadem var.? Venus foliacea, Phil, Abbild. Conch. p.17. pl. 5.
1.
Hab. Oceanus Indicus ; Nova Hollandia.

8. CHIONE ALTA.

C. testa oblique subtrigona, alta, albo-grisea, aliquando fusco-
rubescente radiata, intus posticé violacea, laminis erectiusculis
posticé subquadratis, anticé sublobatis, versus marginem ven-
tralem magis frequentibus, concentricé cincta; latere postico
producto, subacuminato ; area dorsali elongata, arcuata, pla-
nulatim excavata; latere antico brevissimo, umbonibus de-
pressis ; lunula ovali, impressa; margine intus crenulato.

Venus alta, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 724. pl. 158. f. 129-131.
Hab. 2

9. CHIONE FOLIACEA. B.M.

C. testa cordato-trigona, tumida, solida, albida, radiis rubentibus
picta; lamellis transversis foliaceis, surrectis circa 15, anticé
incisis et in lobum productis, posticé in angulum fractis, sursum
flexis, preesertim in valvula dextra sinu divisis; lunula cordata,
area lanceolata; margine crenulato.

Venus foliacea, Phil. Abbild. Conch. ii. 17. peo. fe

Venus thiara, var., Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 723. pl. 158. f. 127,
128.
Hab. Mare Rubrum; littus Madagascariense.

10. CHIONE GRAVESCENS.

C. testa cordato-trigona, turgidula, solida, ponderosa, albida,
radiis tribus latis lividis picta, obsolet® transversim striata,
lamellis transversis validis surrectis, distantibus (decem), anticé
incisis et in lobum seu auriculam productis cincta ; margine
intus crenulato; ano subrotundo-ovato; pubis oblonge de-
presse labiis incumbentibus.

Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 43. no, 247.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 123

Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 17. pl. 5. f. 2.
Venus Berryi, var., Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 724.

Hab. Nova Hollandia occidentalis (Menke).

11. CHIONE RETROVERSA, Desh. B.M.

C. testa trigono-subrotundata, crassa, depressa, obliqua, meequi-
laterali, pallide rosea, ad apices purpurea; lamellis basi crassis,
ad marginem acutis, latis superné reflexis retroversis ad latus
posticum erectiusculis, tenuioribus; umbonibus acutis obliquis ;
lunula parva, cordiformi, profundé impressa, rarilamellosa ;
area elongato-lanceolata, marginibus angulatis cireumscripta ;
valvis intus vivide purpuratis; sinu pallii parvo, triangulari,
angusto, horizontali.

Hab. Australia.

12. CHIONE CALCAREA.

C. testa ovato-orbiculari, alba, opaca, veluti calearea; cingulis
transversis lamellosis, parum elevatis, distantibus, demum eva-
nescentibus sculpta; area lanceolata, planata, levi; lunula
cordata, linea profunda, cmeta, compressa, striata; margine
subintegerrimo.

Venus calcarea, Phil. Abbild. Conch. i. pl. 3. f. 1.
Hab. Cuba.

13. CHIONE? DISTANS.

C. testa ovata, alba, opaca, lamellis transversis raris valde
distantibus, lirisque radiantibus, posticé nullis sculpta ; lunula
cordiformi, lamelloso-striata, plana; area nulla; ligamento
subimmerso ; cardine utrinque tridentato, dentibus anteriori-
bus magnis, productis; pagina interna alba, lamina cardinali
et utroque latere rufis; margine crenulato.

Venus distans, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malak. 1851, p. 126.
Hab. Panama.

Margo ventralis semicircularis, dorsalis posticus rectilineus,
parum declivis, extremitas postica angulata. Lamelle inter se
distant ; lamina cardinalis anticé profundé intrat; dens cardi-
nalis secundus valve dextre, primus valve sinistre maximus,
dens medianus valve sinistre bifidus (Philippi).

b. Lameile breviores, crassiores.
4. CHIONE ELEGANS.
C. testa oblongo-ovata, calcareo-alba, lamellis concentricis sub-
6*

124 BIVALVE SHELLS.

irregularibus ad latus posticum majoribus ornata, lunula cor-
data, parva.

Venus elegans, Adams & Reeve, Voy. Samarang, p. 79. pl. 24. f.13.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 731. pl. 158. f. 138.

Hab. Mare Indicum et Chinense.

15. CHIONE ROBORATA. B.M.

C. testa cordato-trigona, solida, validé ineequilaterali, magis mi-
nusve ventricosa, albida (intus purpureo posticé infecta), con-
centricé cingulata; cingulis multis, levibus, obtusis; inter-
stitiis levibus; margine ventrali arcuato (intus crenulato
leviter); dorsali postico convexo et valde declivi; lunula pro-
funda, cordata ; pube levi, excavata; sulco radiante obtusis-
simo, lunulam alteram, ad extremitatem anticam simulante.

Venus roborata, Hanley, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 25. App. ;
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 161.
Venus placida, Phil. Abbild. Conch. i. 128. pl. 2. 5 Erde

Hab. Terra Van Diemenensis.

16. CHIONE GILVA.

C. testa rotundato-trigona, luteo-albida, lamellis transversis an-
gustis, erectis, anticé laté interruptis, in margine elevato ares
abrupté terminatis sculpta ; lunula magna, cordato-lanceolata,
compressa, striata ; area lanceolata, levi; pagina interna ad
marginem ventralem et extremitatem anticam violacea; mar-
gine crenulato.

Venus gilva, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malak. 1848, p. 187. no. 64; Ab-
bild. und Beschr. iii. 38. pl. 10. f. 4.

Hab. 2

17. CH1one ISABELLINA. B.M.

C. testa cordata, subtriangulari, isabellina, lamellis transversis
angustis, erectis, anticé interruptis, in margine are abrupté
terminatis sculpta; extremitate postica acuté angulata; lu-
nula ovata, compressa, striata; area magna, lanceolata, levi ;
pagina interna lactea ; margime crenulato.

Venus Isabellina, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malak. 1848, p. 188. no. 65;
Abbild. und Beschr. p. 39. pl. 10. f. 5.

Hab. Mare Chinense.

18. CHIONE CHLOROTICA.
C. testa orbiculari, subtrigona, flavo-albida, lamellis transversis

BIVALVE SHELLS. 125

angustis, anticé sinu subinterruptis sculpta; lunula parva, cor-
data, compressa ; area magna, lanceolata, levi, pagina interna
lactea, margine crenulato.

Venus chlorotica, Menke, Zeits. fiir Malak. 1848, p. 186. no. 63.
Phil. Abbild. und Beschr. p. 38. pl. 10. f. 3.

Hab, China.

19, Co1one Berrit. ° : B.M.

C. testa cordato-trigona, admodum inequilaterali, compressius-
cula, albida, demum cerulescente, posticé fuscescente, trans-
versim cingulata, cingulis lamellaribus, albis, parum elevatis,
sursum flexis, satis confertis, posticé obsoletis ; lunula parva,
cordato-lanceolata, planiuscula, haud profundata ; area magna,
laté lanceolata, levi, fusca; pagina mterna alba, in extremi-
tate postica atro-violacea, margine crenulato.

Venus Berrii, Gray, in Wood, Suppl. pl. 2. f. 2 (1828).
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 113.
Phil. Abbild. und Beschr. iii. 38. pl. 10. f. 2.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 724. pl. 160. f. 170-173.

Hab. Australia.

20. CHIONE PUELLA.

C. testa parva, tenui, oblonga, valde inzequilaterali, posticé ros-
trata, albida, lineolis radiantibus interruptis fuscis picta, la-
mellis transversis parum elevatis, subfiliformibus (cirea 13); ~
area lunulaque lanceolatis fuscis ; margine interno crenulatu.

Venus puella, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 108. pl. 5. f. 4.
Hab. Cuba; Matanzas (Phil.).

c. Lamelle crassissime.
21. CHIONE PERUVIANA. B.M.

C. testa obovata, crassa, concentricé costata; costis crassiusculis,
sublamellosis, anticé et in medio reflexis, fulvo-articulatis,
posticé deflexis, tenuioribus; latere postico quam antico
duplo longiore, marginibus depressis, planatis ; margine ven-
trali rotundato, intus levi.

Encycl. Méth. pl. 275. f. 5?

Knorr, Vergn. vi. pl. 6. f. 2?

Venus Peruviana, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 22.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 128; Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 47.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 559.

126 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus meleagrina? Potiez et Mich. Gal. de Douai, ii. 236. no. 22.
Venus Peruviana, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 721. pl. 155. f. 66.

Hab. Mare Peruvianum.

22. CHIONE CyPpRIA. B.M.

C. testa oblonga, subtrigona, concentricé lamellosa, lamellis
crassis, obtusis, postic® tenuioribus, subappressis, alba fusco-
radiata; linea dorsali rectiuscula, declivi; area postica lata,
fuscata ; impressione cordiformi, antica conspicua, fusca ; mar-
gine ventrali intus integerrimo.

Venus Cypria, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 43.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 128.
Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 3.
Venus Maris, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 563.
Venus Cypria, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 722. pl. 157. f. 118.

Hab. Colombia occidentalis.

23. CHIONE PAPHIA. B.M.

C. testa cordato-trigona, anticé obtusa, posticé subangulata,
transversim grossé sulcata; rugata, rugis posticé attenuatis,
laminatis; albo-lutescente, flavo vel fusco maculata, aliquan-
tisper radiata ; vulva lunulaque impressis, fuscis literatis ; lu-
nula ovato-cordata.

Pectunculus variegatus, Lister, Conch. pl. 279. f. 116.
Bonanni, Recreat. Cl. 2. f. 72.
Rumph. Mus. Amb. pl. 48. f. 5.
Concha marina, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 85. f. A.
Regenfuss, Choix de Cog. pl. 7. f. 11.
Knorr, Vergn. ii. pl. 28. f. 2.
Venus dysera, 8, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 685; var. ¢, Mus.
Ulr. i. 498.
Pectunculus Vetula, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. p. 190. pl. 13. f. 5.
Venus Paphia, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1129. no, 113.
Born, Test. Mus. p. 58.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 287. pl. 27. f. 274-276.
Encycl. Méth. pi. 275. f. 5.
Schrot. Einl, i. 110.
Gmel. p. 3268.
Dillw. Cat. i. 159. no. 2.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7.f. 2.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 371. no. 90.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 68. f. 1.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 112.
D’ Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p, 554.

BIVALVE SHELLS, 127

Venus Paphia, Forbes 8° Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 425.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 720. pl. 155. f. 61.

Hab. Mare Antillarum; Brasilia.

24, CuHIoNE KELLETII.

C. testa obliqué cordata, solida, leevigata, castanea, transversim
sulcata, seu potius lineis impressis exarata, intervallis latitu-
dine variabilibus, ad extremitates laminis munita; lunula
elongato-cordata.

Venus Kelletii, Hinds, Voy. of Sulphur, p. 65. pl. 19. f. 5.
Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 47, App.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 721. pl. 155. f. 64.

Hab. Insula Quibo; Veragua.

25. CHIONE DISCREPANS.

C. testa elliptica, crassa, albicante, fusco subradiatim picta ;
latere antico breviore, subproducto; postico subdeclivi; mar-
ginibus depressis ; costis concentricis posticé lamellosis, medio
obtusis, latiusculis, anticé sublamellosis ; umbonibus subpro-
minentibus; margine ventrali rotundato ; impressione cordi-
formi antica, distincta.

Venus discrepans, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 22.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 116.
D?Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 561.

Hab. Peru (Sow.); Chili (Koch).

26. CHIONE FASCIATA. B.M.

C. testa rotundato-trigona, compressa, transversim costata ; cos-
tis latis, depressis, inequalibus ; lunula ovato-depressa, tenu-
issimé striata; marginibus minutissimé crenatis ; cardine tri-
dentato, altero bidentato.

Encycl. pl. 276. f. 2.
Pectunculus fasciatus, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. p. 188. pl. 13. f. 3.
Venus Paphia, Pulteney, Hutchins Hist. Dorset, p. 33 (non Linn.).
var. Gmel.
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 110.
Venus fasciata, Donov. Brit. Shells, v. pl. 170.
Maton & Rack. Linn. Trans. vii. 80.
Dorset Cat. p. 34. pl. 7. f. 3.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 234; Dith. Brit. p. 146, pl. 8. f. 9.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 447.
Forbes, Malac. Monens. p. 52.
Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. p. 267.

128 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus fasciata, Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 88.
Brown, Ill. Conch. G. B. p. 91. pl. 36. f. 10.
Burrows, Elem. Conch. pl. 7. f. 2.

Dillw. Recent Shells, i. 159.

Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 371; Elem. Conch.
pl. 20. f. 4, 5.

Hanley, Recent Shells, i. 412.

Phil. Moll. Sicil. ii. 34.

Wood, Suppl. 2. pl. 7.

Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 300.

Potiez et Mich. Gal. Douai, p. 232. no. 5.

Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. p. 415. pl. 23. f. 3, pl. 26. f. 7,
anim. pl. L. f. 7.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 722. pl. 157. f. 114, 115.

Venus Brongniarti, Payrand. Moll. Corse, p. 51. pl. 1. f. 23-25.
Phil. Moll. Sicil. 1. 43.

Fossilis.
Dosina fasciata, Wood, Cat. of Foss. Shells, Ann. Nat. Hist. vi.
250. no. 2.
Morris, Cat. of Brit. Foss. p. 87.
Astarte antiqua et ovalis, Woodward, Geol. of Norf. pl. 2.f.15,16.

Hab. Oceanus Europeus; mare Mediterraneum.

27. CHIONE DECIPIENS.

C. testa parva, rotundato-subtrigona, compressa, ineequilaterali,
solida, pallide fulva, radiis latis rufo-brunneis variegata, con-
centricé costata; costis glabris, subremotis, depressis, posticé
sublamellosis, et supra pubem impressam porrectis ; intersti-
tiis subconcavis, levibus ; margme ventrali subarcuato, intus-
que subcrenato; dorsali, utrinque deelivi, posticé convexo,
anticé brevi, subrecto; lunula lanceolata; ligamento angus-
tissimo, infosso.

Venus decipiens, Hanley, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 22, App. ;
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 162.

Hab. Australia.

28. CHIONE VARICOSA.

C, testa transversa, trigona, ineequilaterali, anticé obtusa, posticé
acuminata, lateraliter depressa, fulva rufo punctata, obscuré
radiata et aliquantisper lineata; costis transversalibus paucis
latis obtusis crassissimis cincta; lunula excavato-depressa,
rufa, cordiformi; area elongato-angusta, angulo obtuso cir-
cumscripta, rufo sparsim lineolata; valvis incrassatis, intus

BIVALVE SHELLS. 129

seepius posticé purpureis ; sinu pallii parvo, trigono, acutan-
gulo.
Venus varicosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 723. pl. 155. f. 67.

Hab. Sinus Mexicanus.

Il. Species cancellate.

a. Trigone.

29. CHIONE MARICA. B.M.

C. testa subcordata ; sulcis longitudinalibus striisque transversis
decussata, albida, fusco maculata; pube appendicibus squami-
formibus utrinque marginata.

Venus marica, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1130.
Gmel. p. 3268. no. 3.
Schrot. Einl. in. 112.
Chemn. Conch. vi. t. 27. £. 282-284; junior, 285, 286.
Encycl. pl. 275. f. 2, a, 6.
Dillw. Cat. i. 160. no. 5.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 5.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iti. 1116. no. 11 ; in Lamk. An. s.
Vert. ed. 2. vi. 345. no. 16. 3;
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 114.
Potiez et Mich. Gal. Douai, p. 238. no. 30.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 719. pl. 157. f. 107-110.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus ; insule Philippmenses.

30. CHIONE CHLATA.

C. testa cordato-ovata, fulvis radiis raris lutescentibus, lineisve
angularibus subseriatis rufis picta, cingulis tenuibus confer-
tissimis numerosis (ad 36) cincta, interstitiis longitudinaliter
porcatis ; margine intus crenulato ani lanceolati labris promi-
nulis, compressis ; pube oblongo-lineari.

Venus cxelata, Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 43. no. 48.

Phil. Abbild. Conch. ii. 108, pl. 5. f. 3.

Hab. Nova Hollandia (Menke).
Testa minima, V. Marice et costelliferee Adamsi affinis.

31. CHIONE PYGMA. B.M.
C. testa ovato-depressiuscula, subdecussata, aloida, rufo aut fusco
maculata ; lamellis transversis undato-crispis; pube lamellosa ;

natibus roseis.
6**

130 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus pygmea, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 337. no. 3.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 110.
Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 13.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 707. pl. 156. f. 69-72.

Hab. India Occidentalis ; mare Antillarum.

32. CHIONE COSTELLIFERA.

C. testa oblongo-ovata, subtrigona, subzquilaterali, alba, rubro
sparsim variegata, longitudinaliter costata, costis confertis,
decussatim plicatis, plicis semilunaribus, confertis, posticis
squamulosis.

Venus costellifera, Adams & Reeve, Voy. Samarang, p. 79. pl. 21.
f. 18.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 718. pl. 157.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses.

33. CHIONE SCABRA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-cordata, inzequilaterali, subventricosa, pallide
brunnea, radiatim costellata; costellis confertis et concentricé
squamiferis ; margine ventrali valde arcuato; dorsali utrinque
convexiusculo et anticé brevi; natibus acutis et anticé incum-
bentibus ; lunula subinconspicua ; pube haud excavata; super-
ficie interna, livida et posticé saturatius tincta; margine in-
terno crenato.

Venus scabra, Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 24. App.

Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 161.
Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 718. pl. 157. f. 101, 102.

Hab. Insule Philippmenses ; Nova Hollandia.

34. CHIONE OVATA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, inzequilaterali, depressa, aniticé obtusa, pos-
tice subacuminata, albo-fulva, fuseco maculata radiatim tenuée
costata, striis transversis decussata ; intus rosea vel violascente ;
marginibus crenulatis; lunula lanceolata, decussata.

Pectunculus, Lister, Conch. pl. 311. f. 147 ?
‘Cardium striatum, Walk. Test. Min. p. 23. f. 82.
Venus ovata, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 206. pl. 59. f. 3.
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 120. no. 10.
Mat. § Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 85. pl. 2. f. 4.
Dillw. Cat. i. 171. no. 30.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 239; Dithyr. Brit. p. 150, no. 12. pl. 9.
erehs

BIVALVE SHELLS. 131

Venus ovata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 607. no. 87.
De Gerville, Cat. des Moll. Manche, p. 26. no. 9.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 30.
Bouch. Chant. Cat. Moll. Boul. p. 22. no. 37.
Forbes, Malac. Monensis, p. 52. no. 5; Rep. on A’. Invert.
p. 144.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 90.
Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. p. 212 & 267.
Venus spadicea, Renieri, Catal.
Venus pectinula, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 592. no. 26.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. de Lamk. t. 10. f. 3.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 115.
Venus radiata, Scacchi, Cat. Conch. Reg. Neap. p. 7.
Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 44. no. 5.
Maravigna, Mém. pour Hist. nat. de la Sicile, p. 75. no. 3.
Requim, Cat. Moll. Corse, p. 25. no. 104.
Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. ii. 34. no. 5.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 718. pl. 157. f. 99, 100.
Cytherea ovata, Thompson, Rep. on the Fauna of Ireland, p. 262.

Hab. Mare Britannicum, Norvegicum, Mediterraneum.

35. CHIONE STRIATISSIMA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, ineequilaterali, antice ob-
tusa, posticé producta, subrostrata, fusca, vel fulvo-purpu-
rascente aut alba fulvo maculata, radiatim tenué striata, striis
transversis laminatis elevatiusculis decussata; lunula parva,
elongato-ovata, obsoleté striata, fusca; area levigata, plana,
fusca vel albo et fusco alternatim maculata; marginibus tenue
crenulatis ; valvis tenuibus, intus violaceis, simu palli brevi,
apice obtuso.

Venus striatissima, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 718. pl. 157. f. 103—
105.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

36. CHIONE DECORATA.

C. testa cordato-trigona, anticé breviore, posticé productiore,
flavescente-alba, lmeisque aurantiis elegantissime radiatim
picta, costis radiantibus lamellisque transversis undulato-crispis
costas decussantibus, concinné sculpta; lunula oblongo-cordata,
vulvaque lanceolata squamoso-costatis furcis ; intus alba, niti-
da, cardine valvule dextre dentibus tribus, sinistree duobus ;
margine ventrali denticulato ; denticulis 4 posticis magnis,
reliquis minoribus.

132 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus decorata, Brod. et Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 49.
Sow. Beech. Voy. Moll. p. 151. pl. 41. f. 9.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 117 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 49.
Venus bella, Jonas, Moll. Beitr. p. 17. pl. 8. f. 8, 8 a.
Phil. Abbild, Conch. p. 62. pl. 4. f. 4.

Hab. Singapore; insule Moluccenses.

37. CHIONE IMBRICATA.,

C., testa ovali-subcordata, parva, albida, costis validis acuté lami-
natim imbricatis radiata ; latere postico angulato, fusco, declivi,
acuminato, latere antico brevi, obtusa; lunula parva, fusca,
striata; umbonibus (intus quoque) purpurascentibus, costellis
fuscis, interstitiis albis.

Venus imbricata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 715. pl. 156. f. 81,82.
Hab, ?

38. CHIONE CocHINENSIS.

C. testa ovali-subcordata, parva, posticé subangulata, pallide
fulva, vel grisea, prope umbones livida, posticé valde colorata,
costis squamiferis rotundatis validis radiata, interstitiis angus-
tatis.

Venus Cochinensis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch.p.716. pl. 156. f. 79,80.
Hab, Mare Chinense.

39. CHIONE AMATHUSIA.

C. testa cordato-triangulari, tumida, crassa, longitudinaliter sul-
cata, transversim rugosa ; rugis distantibus, zequalibus, integris;
area oblonga, depressa; lunula laté cordata.

Venus Amathusia, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 129. pl. 2. f. 4.

Hab. 2

40. CHIONE ORNATISSIMA.

C. testa subglobulosa, radiatim creberrime costata, lamellis con-
centricis valde elevatis, crispe plicatis, spadiceo-albente ; intus
alba, limbo interno crenulato.

Venus ornatissima, Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 44.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 113.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. 708. t. 153. f. 24.

Hab. Panama.

41. Cutonr GNIDIA. BM.

C. testa ovato-transversa, ineequilaterali, posticé subangulosa,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 133

subventricosa ; lamellis concentricis, muricatis, distantibus,
strias radiantes decussantibus, spinoso-laciniatis ; umbonibus
maguis, cordatis, obliqué inflexis ; lunula magna, cordata, im-
pressa, fusca; area ligamenti profunda, angulata, angusta ;
valvis extus griseo-flavis, intus albis, marginibus crenulatis ;
sinu pallii parvo, obliquo, triangulari, obtuso.

Venus Gnidia, Brod. § Sow. Zool. Journ. iv. 364.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 68. f. 5.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 19. f. 1, a, 5.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 113. pl. 13. f. 43.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 564.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 709. pl. 154. f. 25.

Var. Testa magis trigona, lamellis subtus politis, leevigatis, nitidis.
Venus Amathusia, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 709. pl. 154, f. 26,
27 (non Philippi).
Hab. America centralis, Mazatlan; Oceanus Pacificus (Han-
ley) ; California.

42. CHIONE COMPTA.

C. testa subtrigona, planiuscula, crassa, lamellis concentricis
lateraliter crenulatis, crassiusculis, radiatim creberrime costel-
lata, albente lineis flavo-castaneis inscripta ; area postica incisa,
spadiceo strigata ; lunula pallidiore ; intus alba, limbo crenato.

Venus compta, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 18385, p. 43.

D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 559.
Wood, Suppl. App. pl. 16. f. 18.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 710. pl. 154. f. 32-34.

Hab. In littore Peruviano.

43. CHIONE SIMILLIMA.

C. testa ovali, crassa, sordide alba, costellis duplicatis radiata,
laminis concentricis numerosis, anticé reflexis crenulatis, pos-
ticé divaricatim striatis, costellata ; umbonibus elevatis ; lateri-
bus declivibus ; margine dorsali complanatim excavato ; lunula
impressa.

Venus simillima, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 708. pl. 153. f. 17, 18.
Hab. California.

44, CHIONE CALIFORNIENSIS. B.M.

C. testa globosa, crassa, albente, concentricé multi-lamellosa,
lamellis erassiusculis, lateraliter subcrenulatis, costis creberri-
mis cancellata; area postica infossa, grandi; lunula magna,

134 BIVALVE SHELLS.

tumente ; intus alba, impressionibus muscularibus posticis
violaceo-fuscatis ; limbo interno crenato.

Venus Californiensis, Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1838, p. 43.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 114; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 5.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 711. pl. 154. f. 40, 41.

Venus leucodon, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 43.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 43; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 46.

Hab. Mare Californiense.

45. CHIONE NEGLECTA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-orbiculari, sublentiformi, radiatim suleata et la-
mellis elevatis concentricis cincta, albida, lineis maculisve fuscis
varie picta; lunula oblongo-cordata ; area effossa, ad sinistram
castaneo-pennata ; pagina interno rubro et aureo varia ; mar-
gine crenulato.

Venus neglecta, Sow. Beechey’s Voy. Moll. p. 151. pl. 41. f. 8.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 112; in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 16.f.12.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 565.

Venus subrostrata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 710. pl. 154. f. 39

(non Lamk.).

Hab. America centralis (Gray) ; mare Peruvianum (D’Orb.).

46. CHIONE CANCELLATA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-subtrigona, inequilaterali, anticé obtusa, posticé
angustiore, subangulata, longitudinaliter sulcata, sulcis aliquan-
tisper bifidis, transversaliter cingulis membranaceis cincta,
albida, maculis fuscescentibus aut czrulescentibus adspersa ;
lunula ovato-cordata, in plerisque fusca.

Knorr, Vergn. ii. pl. 28. f. 3; vi. pl. 10. f. 2.
Favanne, Conch. pl. 47. f. E 6.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 268. f. 1.
Pectunculus fasciatus, Lister, Conch. pl. 278. f. 115.
Pectunculus maculatus, Lister, pl. 277. f. 114?
Pectunculus lunulatus, Petiv. Gaz. pl. 24. f. 5.
Venus ziczac, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 889 ; Mus. Ulr. p. 506.
no. 71.
Venus dysera (ex parte), Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1130. no. 115.
Schrot. Einl. iii. 113.
Gmel. p. 3268.
Dillw. Cat. p. 161.
Venus lamellata, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1130. no. 118.
Venus Dysera, Chemn. Conch. vi. 294. pl. 28. f. 287-290.
Venus cancellata, Gronov. Zooph. p. 268. pl. 18. f. 8.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 138

Venus cancellata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 588. no. 12.
Desh. Encycl. Meéth. Vers, iii. 1115.no.12; in Lamk. ed. 2.
vi. 341. no. 12.
Turt. Dithyr. Brit. p. 144. pl. 10. f. 3.
Mont. Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 40.
Flem. Brit, An. p. 447.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. u1. pl. 68. f. 2.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 112.
Sow. Conch. Man. f. 119.
Forbes &; Hanley, Moll. Brit. i. 425.
Conrad, Shells of Tampa Bay, Sill. Journ. ser. 2. 11. 395.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 710. pl. 54. f. 28-31.
Venus cingenda, Dillw. Cat. i. 161. no. 6.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 6.

Hab. Mare Antillarum ; Brasiliense.

47. Cutone NuTra..uit. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, turgida, subcordiformi, solida, inzequila-
terali, longitudinaliter radiatim costata, transversim rugoso-
plicata, squalide fusco-castanea, anticé brevi obtusa, posticé
obtuse angulata ; umbonibus tumidis ; sulcis longitudinalibus
planis, rugis transyersalibus subnodosis; valvis intus albis,
postice violaceis.

Venus Nuttalli, Conrad, Journ. Phil. vii. pl. 19. f. 15.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 113; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 46.

Hab. Mare Californiense.

48. CHIONE CALLOSA.

C. testa ponderosa, obliqué cordata, suboyali, ventricosa, albo-
grisea, postice fusca, intus posticé purpurea ; costellis radian-
tibus, striatis, planulatis et costellis concentricis interruptis
nregulariter squamosis anticé et medio decussata, posticé pla-
nata, prope marginem divaricatim striata; latere postico sub-
rostrato, margine dorsali declivi, paululum depresso; latere
antico brevi, rotundato; lunula vix distincta, margine ven-
trali rotundato, prope angulum posticum paululum emarginato.

Venus callosa, Conrad, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. vu. 252.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 712. pl. 154. f. 44, 45.

Hab. Insulee Sandwichienses ; California.
An eadem vel var. Venus Nuttalli, Conrad, loc. cit.?

49, CHIONE FLUCTIFRAGA.
C. testa ponderosa, subobliqué rotundata, alba, concentricé pur-

136 BIVALVE SHELLS.

pureo distanter fasciata, costellis radiantibus posticé et anticé
majoribus et costellis interruptim fluctuatis intersecta ; latere
postico subangulato; margine dorsali rotundato, subarcuato,
maculato, paululum depresso; margine ventrali intus crenu-
lato, purpureo.

Venus fluctifraga, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 712. pl. 154. f. 42, 43.
Hab. Australia.

50, CHIONE CRENIFERA. B.M.
C. testa elliptica, aspera, albicante, fusco maculata et varié picta,
lamellis concentricis, brevibus, confertis, striis radiantibus con-
fertissimis decussatis ; margine ventrali crenulato ; dente car-
dinali antico magno, elongato.
Venus crenifera, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 43.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 118 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 30.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 563.
Venus portesiana, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 556, pl. 83.
fiy2.
Hab. Littus Peruvianum.

51. CHIONE RUDERATA, Desh. B.M.

C. testa ovato-transversa, convexiuscula, ineequilaterali, utraque
extremitate obtusa, squalide rufo-grisea, longitudinaliter tenue
suleata, transversim irregulariter laminato-rugosa, laminis ad
umbones brevibus, angustis, ad marginem inferiorem crassiori-
bus, irregularibus ; lunula areaque nullis ; umbonibus minimis
subleevigatis oppositis ; valvis intus albis; sinu pallii elongato,
angusto, oblique ascendente, marginibus crenulatis.

Hab, California.

b. Ovate, cordiformes.

52. CHIONE TUMIDA,

C. testa subrotundata, ventricosa, crassa, pallida, postie? rufo
sparsim maculata, radiatim costata, costellis numerosis anticis
duplicatis, anticé concentricé leviter striata ; wmbonibus tumi-
dis; margine ventrali intus minuté denticulato.

Tapes tumida, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 697. pl. 146. f. 42.
Hab. Colombia.

53. CHIONE COLUMBIENSIS. B.M.
C. testa rotundato-elliptica, crassa, cinereo albidoque variegata,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 137

radiatim costata, costis plurimis, planulato-rotundatis, quam
interstitiis duplo latioribus; latere antico breviore, costis decus-
satim squamosis, squamulis brevibus, obtusis ; lateris postici
costis rugosis; partis intermediz costis sublvibus; intus albi-
cante.

Venus Colombiensis, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 21.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 119; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 2.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 566.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 713. pl. 155. f. 53, 54.

Hab. America centralis.

54, CHIONE COSTATA. B.M.

C. testa ovali, tumida, inequilaterali, rugosa, posticé truncata ;
costulis radiantibus, crassis, transversim striatis ; colore albido-
lutescente, intus albo, apice violaceo.

Venus costata, Quoy & Gaim. Voy. de l’Astrol. iii. 521. no. 1.
pl. 84. f. 1, 2.
Venus crassicosta (errore typogr.), Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert.
ed. 2. vi. 273. no. 96.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 118; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 39.
Tapes crassicosta, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 697. pl. 149. f. 93.

Hab. Nova Zelandia.

55. CH1IonE LIMA.

C. testa ovali, subquadrata, pallida, fusco sparsim variegata, ra-
diatim costata, costis rotundatis serratis concentricé lirata, liris
super costas acuminatis; margine dorsali fulvo-lineato, paulu-
lum declivi, anticé valde declivi; lunula impressa, fulva ;
margine ventrali rotundato, intus crenulato (Sow. jun.).

Tapes lima, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 698. pl. 151. f. 144.
Hab. Nova Zelandia.

56. CHIONE STUTCHBURYI. B.M.

C. testa ovato-cordiformi, subtrigona, inzequilaterali, turgida, in-
crassata, longitudinaliter costata, transversis lamellis brevibus
ad latus anticum decussata, squalide grisea vel fulva, lunula
non circumscripta, latere postico levigato vel obsoleté striato ;
vulvis intus albis vel pallide flavescentibus, in latere postico
violaceis ; sinu pallu angusto, brevi, trigono.

Venus Stutchburyi, Gray in Wood, Suppl. pl. 2. f. 4.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 117.

138 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus Zelandica, Quoy & Gaim. Voy. de l’ Astrol. Moll. pl. 84.
f. 5, 6.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 373. no. 95.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 129.

Var. 8. Testa transversiore, minus inflata.
Venus Stutchburyi, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 713. pl. 155. f. 50,
51.

Hab. Nova Zelandia ; (varietas) Terra Kerguelensis.

III. Species decussate.

57. CHIONE GRANULATA. B.M.

- C, testa cordato-rotundata, inzequilaterali, radiatim costellata,
transversim lineis elevatis decussata, albo-lutescente, vel grisea
violaceo maculata; pube angusta, lanceolata; lunula ovata,
fusca, radiatim costata; marginibus crenulatis, intus violaceis.

Venus marica, Born, Test. Mus. p. 59. pl. 4. f. 5, 6 (non Linn.).
Venus marica spuria, Chemn. Conch. vi. 314. pl. 30. £. 313.
Venus no. 7, Schrét. Einl. iii. 156.
Venus no. 68, Schrét. Einl. iii. 177.
Venus granulata, Gmel. p. 3277. no. 33.
Venus violacea, Gmel. p. 3288. no. 94.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 272. f.3; pl. 274. f. 5.
Donov. Brit. Shells, iii. pl. 83.
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 122.
Mat. & Rack. Linn. Trans. viii. 85.
Dillw. Cat.i. 171. no. 29.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 29.
Lamk. An, s. Vert. v. 589. no. 14.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iii. 1116. no. 10; in Lamk. An.
s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 344. no. 14.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 114.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 88.
Hanley & Forbes, Brit. Moll. i. 425.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 712. pl. 155. f. 47-49.
? Venus Entobapta, Jonas, Zeits. fiir Malak. 1845, p. 63.

Hab. Mare Antillarum et Brasiliense.

58. CHIONE CARDIOIDES. B.M.

C. testa orbiculato-trigona, albida aut fulva, radiatim sulcata ;
striis transversis exilibus sulcis decussantibus ; lunula oblonga,
valvis intus albis, margine cardinali intus antic® posticéque
violaceo maculato ; sinu pallii trigono, profundo, lateribus ar-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 139

cuatis apice obtuso; margine crenulato, crenulis alternatim
majoribus.

Encycl. pl. 274. f. 3. a, 6.

Venus cardioides, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 345. no. 18.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 114.

Cytherea Cardilla, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 328. no. 76.

Venus asperrima, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 42.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 562.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 714. pl. 155. f. 57, 58.

Hab. Mare Antillarum.

59. CHIONE PECTORINA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-cordata, longitudinaliter radiatimque sulcata, striis
transversis decussata, pallide fulva, intus immaculata; pube
lituris fuscis ornata.

Venus pectorina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 344. no. 15.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 11. a, 6.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 114.
D?’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 555.

Venus elegans, Gray, in Wood, Suppl. pl. 2. f. 3.

Hab. Rio Janeiro.

60. CHIONE HISTRIONICA.

C. testa obovata, pallide fulva, radiatim costellata, costellis ple-
rumque duplicatis, concinné decussatis, asperis; maculis in-
terruptis fuscis irregularibus radiatim picta; margine dorsali
rectiusculo, posticé subangulato; impressione cordiformi anticé
magna; intus albicante, margine ventrali denticulato.

Encycl. Méth. pl. 274. f. 62

Venus histrionica, Sow. & Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 41.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 119 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. £.'31.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amer. Moil. p. 561.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 714. pl. 55. f. 52.

Hab. America centralis.

61. CHIONE INTERSECTA.

C, testa ovali, ventricosa, alba vel grisea, fusco-cinerascente om-
nino picta vel posticé maculata, intus alba, costellis acutiusculis
tripartitis radiata, striis elevatis concentricis intersecta; latere
postico subdeclivi, subacuminato ; area dorsali angusta, exca-
vata, valvee dextree fusco-albo maculata, valve sinistree fusco-
nigrescente ; latere antico breviusculo, rotundato ; lunula fusca,
radiatim striata; dente cardimali antico permagno.

140 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus intersecta, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p- 714. pl. 155. f. 59, 60.
Hab. America centralis,
Pectorine valde affinis, an varietas ?

62. CHIONE FUSCO-LINEATA.

C. testa obovata, albicante, radiatim costellata, costellis anticé
subdecussatis; lineis undatis, subobliquis, radiisque duobus
fuscis raion. a picta; margine dorsali rectiusculo, posticé
subangulato ; latere antico brevi, impressione cordiformi an-
tica parva; intus purpurascente, margine ventrali denticulato.

Venus fusco-lineata, Sow. § Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 41.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 118 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 53.
Tapes fusco-lineata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 698. pl. 151. f. 145.

Hab, America centralis, loco Guacomayo dicto.

63. CHIONE GRATA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-transyersa, inequilaterali, subdepressa, longitudi-
naliter crebrisulcata, sulcis inaequalibus, anticé posticéque lati-
oribus, in medio simplicibus, utroque latere striis transversis
decussatis ; lunula ovato-lanceolata, linea impressa separata,
longitudinaliter costellata ; marginibus crenulatis; colore va-
niabili valvis albido-flavidis fusco irregularibus punctato varie-
gatis seu maculis majoribus fuscis marmoratis, intus violacea.

Venus grata, Say, Amer. Conch. no. 3. pl. 26.

Tapes grata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 699. pl. 151. f. 152.

? Venus Entobapta, Jonas, Zeits. 1845, p: 6.

? Venus neglecta, Phil. Abbild. Conch. ii. 62. pi. 4. f. 3 (non
Gray).

Venus tricolor, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p- 41.

Beech. Voy. Moll. p. 151. pl. 41. f. 7.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 119; in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 16.
f. 32.

Tapes tricolor, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 699. pl. 151. f. 153.

Hab. America meridionalis et centralis.

64. CHIONE ASPERA,

C. testa ovali, tumida, posticé elongata, albo nigro variegata,
granulosa, longitudinaliter transversimque striata; intus albido-
lutescente, apice nigro.

Venus aspera, Quoy & Gaim. Voy. de I’ Astrol. iii. 524. no. 3.
pl. 84. f. 3, 4.

Hab. Nova Guinea, in portu Dorey dicto.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 141
i]
65. CHIONE DISCORS.

C. testa obovali, crassiuscula, radiatim confertim striata, anticé
rugis decussata, alba, fusco-nigricante instrata, coloribus valve
alteree diversimodo ordinatis; linea dorsali elevatiuscula ; intus
alba, posticé violaceo tincta, margine ventrali crenulato.

Venus discors, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 42.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 118 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 60.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 563.

Tapes discors, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 698. pl. 151. f. 148-150.

Hab. America meridionalis et centralis.

66. CHIONE STRAMINEA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subquadrata, posticé obtusé truncata,
margine dorsali inferiore parallelo straminea aliquando albo
varie maculata, longitudinaliter costellata, striis transversalibus
anticé posticéque decussata; umbonibus tumidulis; lunula
ovato-elongata, suleata, in medio elevata, carinata, valvis intus
albis ; cardine lato, tridentato ; dentibus angustis ; sinu pall
triangulari, elongato, obliquo, marginibus tenue crenulatis.

Venus straminea, Conrad, Journ. Phil. An. Nat. Se. vii. 250.
pl. 19. f. 14.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 128.
Tapes straminea, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 699. pl. 151. f. 151.

Hab. Mare Californiense.

67. CHIONE TESSELLATA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, solida, turgidula, inequilaterali, pallide
flava, flavo obscuriore vel fusco radiata et tenue liturata, antice
obtusa, posticé subtruncata ; transversim densé et ineequaliter
suleata, longitudinalibus sulcis decussata, suleis posticé, apici-
busque obtusé denticulatis ; valvis, intus, atro-violaceis, fornice
rubescente ; dentibus cardinalibus albis divaricatis; marginibus
tenue et ineequaliter denticulatis.

Ph a

Venus tessellata, Adams & Reeve, Voy. Samar. p- 79. pl.
olf l423

Tapes tessellata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 697. pl.
143.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses.

P
1

68. CHIONE UNDATELLA.

C. testa rotundato-elliptica, crassa, albida, fuseo maculata, punc-
tata et undatim picta, costellis radiantibus confertis, aliisque
decussantibus undulatis sublamellosis ; latere antico breviore,

142 BiVALVE SHELLS.

postico subdeclivi, marginibus depressis; margine ventrali
rotundato, intus crenulato.

Venus undatella, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 22.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 117.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 711. pl. 153. f. 22.

Hab. Mare Californiense.

69. CHIONE GALLINULA. BM.

C. testa cordato-elliptica, albida, lineis longitudinalibus rufis
subangulatis picta ; sulcis transversis, elevatis, scalariformibus.

Venus gallinula, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 348. no. 25.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 1. a, b, e.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 115 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 35.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 730. pl. 162. f. 225, 226.
Venus lagopus, Lamk. loc. cit. no. 23.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 115.
Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 43. no. 249.
Venus Humphreyi, Donov. Nat. Repos. ii. pl. 78. f. 2.
Venus costulata, Gray, in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 2. f. 15.
Var. 8. Testa alba intus pallidiore violacea.
Var. y. Testa rufescente.
Var. 6. Testa biradiata.
Var. e. Testa lineis rufis angulosis literata et variegata.

Hab. Nova Hollandia; Insula Vandiemenensis.

70. CH1one AUSTRALIS. B.M.

C. testa ovato-subtrigona, crassiuscula, fulyescente, maculis an-
gulosis subtrigonis, subradiatim picta, concentricé lamellosa,
lamellis concinnis confertis, tenuibus, obtusis, pulcherrime
radiatim decussatis, prope latera elevatioribus; marginibus
dorsali subelevato, ventrali rotundato, intus denticulato; lu-
nula ovato-angusta, fusca, linea profunda distincta ; intus valvis
purpureo pulcherrime tinctis.

Venus Australis, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc, 1835, p. 22.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 118 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 48.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 719. pl. 157. f. 111, 112.

Hab. Nova Hollandia ad Flumen Cygnorum.

71. CHIoNE miTIS, Desh. BM.

C, testa ovato-transversa, subsequilaterali, depressa, anticé latiore
obtusa, posticé attenuata, alba vel flavescente, transversim
regulariter sulcata ; sulcis convexis, depressis, ad latus posti-
cum laminatis ; interstitiis quam costulis paulo minus latis,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 143

interstitiis tenuissime longitudinaliter striatis; valvis intus
albis seu croceis, marginibus tenue crenulatis; sinu pallii
brevi, obtuso, triangulari.

Hab. Nova Hollandia ad Flumen Cygnorum.

72. CHIONE SUBNODULOSA.

C. testa ovata, crassiuscula, subeequilaterali, satis convexa, con-
centricé costata; costis confertis, anticé mediaque obtusis,
posticé in brevibus lamellis conversis, undique a sulcis radian-
tibus decussatis; margime ventrali convexo, ante subarcuato ;
dorsali, utrinque subdeclivi; pube et lunula oblongo-cordata,
prominentibus ; ligamento infosso, angustissimo ; margine in-
terno undique crenulato, superficie interna purpureo picta.

Venus subnodulosa, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 160.
Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 19. App.

Var. a. Testa albida, livido brunneo variegata.

Var. 8. Testa fulvo-fuscescente, natibus albidis, sulcis subremotis.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses.

IV. Species transversim striate.

73. CHIONE GALLINA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, cordata, nitidula, inzequilaterali, transver-
sim suleata; sulcis obtusis, depressis, anticé sublamellosis,
sepius conniventibus, posticé minoribus, pluribus divisis,
attenuatis; alba vel flavescente radiata vel lineolis brevibus
fuscis subfulminatis adspersa; marginibus tenue crenulatis;
latere postico intus violaceo.

Bonan. Recreat. pt. 2. f. 45.
Knorr, Vergn. v. pl. 14. f. 5.
Lincycl. Meéth. pl. 268. f. 3.
Pectunculus, Petiv. Gaz. pl. 75. f. 12.
Regenf. Rec. de Coq. i. pl. 7. f. 12.
Venus gallina, Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 519. no. 2143; Syst. Nat.
ed. 10. p. 685; ed. 12. p. 1130.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 311. pl. 30. f. 308-310.
Schrot. Einl. iii. 118.
Gmel. p. 3270. no. 9.
Poli, Test. Sicil. pl. 21. f. 5, 6, 7.
Dillw. Cat. i. 168. no. 23 (ex parte).
Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 591. no. 24.
Payraud. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 49.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, i. 1117. no. 14 ; in Lamk. ed. 2.
vi. 347. no. 24; Exp. Sc. de Morée, Moil. p. 100. no. 51.

144 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus gallina, Eichw. Fauna Caspiocaucasia, p. 226.
Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 44; ii. 34.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 115; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 42.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 734. pl. 161. f. 202, 203.
Venus sinuata, Born, Test. Mus. p. 62; Vignette, p. 57. f. B.
Venus lusitanica, Gmel. p. 3281. no. 58.
Venus Wanaria, Gmel. p. 3291. no. 123,

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum.

74. CHIONE STRIATULA. B.M.

C. testa cordato-trigona, tumida, solida, nitidula 3 laminis nume-
rosis, confertis, anticé et posticé attenuatis, in medio recli-
natis, deplanatis, imbricatis, rugas seepius formantibus pluri-
bus confluentibus ; alba, radiata, lineolis fulminatis rufis strias
simulantibus.

Lister, Hist. Conch. pl. 282. f. 120.
Pectunculus striatulus, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. p. 191. pl. 12. f. 2:
Venus casina, Pulteney Hutchins, Hist. Dorset, p. 33 (non Linn.).
Venus striatula, Donov. Brit. Shells, ui. pl. 68.
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 113.
Lovén, Ind. Moll. Scand. p. 39.
Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. p. 408. pl. 23. f.4; pl. 24.
f.4; pl. 26. f. 9-11.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 734. pl. 158. f. 134-136.
Venus gallina, Mat. & Rack. Linn. Trans. vii. 82.
Dorset Cat. p. 35. pl. 8. f. 2.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p, 234. f.65; Dith. Brit. p. 149. pl. 9.
f. 2
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 448.
Macgill. Moll. Aberd. p. 265.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 89.
Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. p. 89. pl. 36. f. 11.
Alder, Northumb. and Durham Moll. p. 85.
Dillw. Recent Shells, p. 168.
Lamk, An. s. Vert. (ed. Desh.) vi. 347 (in part).
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 23.
Hanley, Recent Shells, p. 115.
Venus Pennantii, Forbes, Malac. Monens. p. 52.
Venus laminosa, Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 233; Dith. Brit. p- 148.
ol. 10. f. 4.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 89.
Hanley, Recent Shells, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 11.
Venus rugosa, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 95. pl. 56. f. 50.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 448.
Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. p. 90. pl. 36. f. 14.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 145

Venus Prideauxiana, Couch, Cornish Fauna, pt. 2. p. 26.
Macgill. Moll. Aberd. p. 266.

Venus suleata, Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. p. 90. pl. 36. f. 12.

Venus costata, Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. p. 91. pl. 36. f. 13.

Hab. Oceanus Europzus.

75. CHIONE PALLIDA.

C. testa trigono-cordata, posticé producta, costis transversis,
parallelis, obsoletis, confertim reticulatis ; areola levi (Turt.).

Venus pallida, Turt. Dith. Brit. p. 150. pl. 10. f. 5.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 448.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 90.
Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 422.

Hab. Mare Britannicum.

76. CHIONE Cor.

C. testa ventricosissima, rotundata, albida, epidermide tenui,
fulva induta, liris numerosis irregularibus subundulatis rotun-
datis cincta; latere postico magno; margine dorsali elevato ;
area depressa, striata; latere antico parvo, brevi, angusto,
prope umbones concavo; lunula indistincta; margine infe-
riore intus levigato.

Venus Cor, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 727. pl. 160. f. 184.
Hab. Mare Indicum, loco Kurachee dicto.

77. CHIONE STRIATA.

C. testa ovato-trigona, inzequilaterali, turgida, antice obtusa, pos-
ticé declivi et angulata, ztate flexuoso-rostrata, straminea, ali-
quantisper lineis fuscis angulatis ornata; lunula lata, ovata,
plana, laevigata, livida, sub apicibus violaceo maculata; area
angusta, elongato-lanceolata ; umbonibus tumidis ; valvis extus
regulariter transversim striato-sulcatis, intus croceis; sinu
pallii parvo, angusto, obliqué ascendente.

Venus striata, Chemn. Conch. vi. 358. pl. 34. f. 365, 366.
Gmel. p. 3279. no. 49.
Dillw. Cat. i. 183. no. 57.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 127.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 56.
Venus no. 27, Schrot. Einl. ii. 164.
Venus labuana, Adams & Reeve, Voy. Samar. p.79. pl. 21. f. 16.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 735. pl. 162. f. 214.

Hab. Insule Nicobarice (Chemn.); Insula Labuana (Adams),

146 BIVALVE SHELLS.

78. CHIONE JAPONICA. B.M.

C. testa trigona, subcordata, inequilaterali, antice obtusa, posticé
angulata, transversim densé striata, fulva, lineis maculisve
purpureis, angulosis insignita ; vulva obliterata, lunula ovato-
cordata, livida, laevigata, superné violaceo maculata; labiis
interioribus vulva violaceis.

Venus literata, Chemn. Conch. vi. 357. pl. 34. f. 364 (non Linn.).
Venus no. 26, Schrét. Einl. ii. 164.
Venus japonica, Gmel. p. 3279. no. 48.

Dillw. Cat. i. 182. no. 56.
An eadem spec.? Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 55.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 127 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 46.
Venus striata (ex parte), Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 35. pl. 162.

Hab. Mare Chinense et Japonicum.

79. Cuione Puiuiprpit, Desh.

C. testa ovato-trigona, subcordata, tumida, anticé obtusa et
latiore, postice angulata, flava vel griseo-flava, aliquantisper
obscuré radiata, transversim striata; striis crassioribus, regu-
laribus, pube lunulaque lividis; lunula ovata, concaviuscula,
violaceo superné maculata; marginibus integris ; intus pallide
aurantia; margine cardinali utraque extremitate macula vio-
lacea notato.

Venus striata (ex parte), Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 735. pl. 162.

Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 29. pl. 8. f. 5, 6 (syn. plur. exclus.) (non
Cheman.).

Hab. China; Insule Philippinenses.

80. CHIONE REGULARIS.

C. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, turgida, insequilaterali, anticé
obtusa, postice deelivi, subangulata, subrostrata, margine
ventrali valde areuato, flavo-grisea, posticé nmigro-violascente,
transversim regulariter et eleganter sulcata; suleis conyexis,
eequidistantibus ; lunula elongato-ovata, perplana, levigata,
nitente, superné violaceo maculata; area parva, elongata, lan-
ceolata, plana; valvis intus albis, cardine anticé posticéque
violaceo maculato, sinu pallii lato, obliquo, brevi, semiovalli.

Chione regularis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Insule Philippinenses. Coll. Cuming.

81. CHIonE PERONII. B.M.
C. testa ovato-transversa, subcordata, inequilaterali; anticé

BIVALVE SHELLS. 147

brevi, obtusa, transversim densé et ineequaliter striata, striis
planulatis ; albo-lutescente, lineis flexuosis maculisve fuscis
notata ; lunula ovata, seepius violascente, pube angusta, angulo
obtuse marginata ; intus violacea, marginibus simplicibus.

Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 369. no. 81.

Venus Peroni, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 606. no. 81.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 126; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 43.
Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 44. no. 253.

Venus Peronii, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 24. pl. 8. f. 8, 9.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 736. pl. 162. f. 224.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

82. CHIONE POLITA.

C. testa ovali, laevigata, concentricé leviter costellata, pallide
viridescente, prope marginem alba, griseo radiata, intus flavida;
cardine utrinque purpureo maculato.

Venus polita, Quoy § Gaim. Voy. de l’Astr. in. pl. 84. f. 13, 14.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 738. pl. 158. f. 139, 140.

Hab. Australia.

83. CHIONE ASTARTOIDES.

C. testa ovato-triangulari, inequilaterali, compressiuscula, nitidis-
sima, irregulariter sulcata, praesertim ad latus anticum, cinereo-
albida aut flavescente ; margine dorsali utroque feré rectilineo,
ventrali arcuato ; extremitatibus equaliter rotundatis ; lunula
lanceolata, linea parum conspicua circumscripta, caterum
haud distincta; area haud distincta, planiuscula; ligamento
prominente ; dentibus cardinalibus im utraque valva tribus
divergentibus ; sinu palliari parvo; margine integerrimo.

Venus astartoides, Beck, MSS.

Phil. Abbild. und Beschr. p. 35. pl. 9. f. 4.
Middendorf, Malac. Rossica, pt. 3. p. 56.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 737. pl. 158. f. 137.

Hab. Caput Espenbergense, Groenlandia.

84. CHIONE APHRODINA.

C. testa obliqué cordata, transversim densé striata, nitida, griseo-
fulva; ano oblongo, subcordato.

Venus aphrodina, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 368. no. 80.

Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 11. f. 1. a, 6, e.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 126; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 33.
7*

148 BIVALVE SHELLS.

An var.? Venus conularis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. no. 78; ed. 2.
vi. 368. no. 78.

Var. Venus strigosa, Lamk. An. s. Vert. no. 79. ed. 2. vi. 368.
no. 79.

Venus strigosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 736. pl. 162. f. 222, 223.
Hab. Nova Hollandia.

85. CHIONE APHRODINOIDES. B.M.

C. testa suborbiculata, obliqué conica, transversim densé sul-
cata, albida, intus violaceo maculata.

Venus aphrodinoides, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 369. no. 82.
Deless. Rec. de Cog. pl. 11. f. 2. a-c.

Hab. Australia.

86. CHIONE SCALARINA. B.M.

C, testa ovato-obliqua, valdé inzequilaterali, transversim sulcata,
sulcis posticé attenuatis, lamellis brevibus continuatis, albo-
flavescente, punctulis vel lineolis brevibus angularibus fuscis
notata, latere antico brevissimo, obtuso, lunula pubeque lan-
ceolatis, levigatis : intus alba, ad margines et in latere postico
vivide violacea.

Venus scalarina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 359. no. 54.

Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 12. a-c.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 123; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 4.
Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 44. no. 254.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 736. pl. 162. f. 215.

Hab. Nova Hollandia; Terra Van Diemenensis.

87. CHIONE ELEGANTINA.
C. testa ovato-cordata, transversim eleganterque sulcata, pallide
fulva, subradiata ; pube lineata anoque violaceis.
Venus elegantina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 369. no. 83.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 11. f. 3. a-e.
Hab. Nova Hollandia.

88. CHIONE RECENS.

C. testa ovato-trigona, subcordata, transversim tenué striata, albo-
cinerascente, longitudinaliter fusco triradiata, radiis plus mi-
nusve latis, obscurioribus ; natibus reflexis; lunula ovata, im-
pressa, striata, marginibus tenuissime crenulatis.

An Laster, pl. 396. f. 2432

BIVALVE SHELLS. 149

Venus recens, Chemn. Conch. xi. 229. pl. 202. f. 1979.
Dillw. Cat. i. 182. no. 55.
Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 372. no. 92.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 116.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 54.
Tapes recens, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 685. pl. 148. f. 62-66 2

Hab. Mare Indicum, ad littus Coromandel (Chemnitz).

89. CHIONE HIANTINA. B.M.

C. testa obliqué subquadrata vel subtrigona, tumida, fulva vel
aurantia, vel alba varie picta, transversim et undulatim sulcata,
in plerisque sulcis in latere postico latioribus, posticé subtrun-
cata, angulata; margine dorsali declivi; lunula vix perspicua, ,
livida, linea obsoleta circumscripta; margine cardinali intus
violascente.

Eneycl. Méth. pi. 267. f. 2?
Venus hiantina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 593. no. 32.
Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 350. no. 32.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 8.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 120; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 38.
Phil. Abbild. und Beschr. p. 27. pl. 8. f. 1.

Var. Venus Callipyga, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. no. 61 (non Born).
Venus, n. s., Desh. Lamk. loc. cit. no. 61 (note).
Venus flammiculata, Lamk. loc. cit. no. 77.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 125; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 7, 8.
Desh. in Lamk. loc. cit. no. 77, note.
Var. ? Venus carneola, Lamk. An. s. Vert. loc. cit. no. 65.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 5.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 124; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 38.
Tapes flammiculata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 686. pl. 148.
f. 56-61.

Hab. Oceanus Australis.

90. CHIONE RIMULARIS. B.M.

C. testa obliqué subquadrata, tumida, subcordata, fulvo-cineras-
cente obscuré radiata, transversim sulcata, sulcis irregularibus
distantibus planis, in medio sepius evanescentibus, posticé
latioribus ; lunula magna vix perspicua, livida, ovata; margine
cardinali albo; area plana, extremitatem versus eminentiore.

Venus rimularis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 604. no. 74.
Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. p. 367. no. 74.
Tapes rimularis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 687. pl. 148. f. 55.

Hab. ——?2

150 BIVALVE SHELLS.

91. CHIONE TRISTIS.

C. testa ovata, obliqué cordata, tumida, transversim eleganter
suleata, rufescente, extremitate postica angulata; lunula
magna, cordata, levigata.

Venus tristis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 366. no. 73.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 10. a, 6, e.
Hanley, Descr, Cat. p. 125; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 37.
Philippi, Abbild. ee eschr. p. 2. pl. 1. f. 4.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

92. CHIONE MESODESMA. BM.

C. testa ovata, subtrigona, subzequilaterali, longitrorsum regu-
lariter striata, albicante, lutea flammulis pallide fuscis macu-
lata, intus violacea.

Venus mesodesma, Quoy & Gaim. Voy. de l’Astrol. iii. 532.
no. 10. pl. 84. f. 17, 18.
Venus crassa, Quoy & Gaim. loc. cit. f. 7, 8.
Venus spissa, Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. vi. 373.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 117 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 44.
Venus denticulata, Quoy § Gaim. loc. cit.
Venus violacea, Quoy & Gaim. loc. cit.
Venus spurea, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 23.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 119.
D’ Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 559.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 719. pl. 156. f. 92-98.

Hab. Nova Zelandia; Insule Philippinenses.

V. Species levigate.

93. CHIONE Kocuii. B.M.

C. testa ovato-elongata, solida, turgida, leviuscula, obsoleté
transversim striata, anticé multo longiore, subrostrata, alba,
lituris fuscis subradiata; area lanceolata lunulaque oblonga
magna leevibus.

Venus Kochii, Philippi, Abbild. und Beschr. p. 3. pl. Lf. 5.

Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 16. f. 28 (note 127).
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 738. pl. 158. f. 147-151.

Hab. 2

94, CHIONE FUMIGATA.
C. testa levi, crassa, obliqué subovali, antic rotundata, plana,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 151

posticé subangulatim producta, subsulcata, levigata, colore
fumoso, ad umbones maculatim radiata ; area dorsali et lunula
lividis, depressis, levibus; margine ventrali arcuato; valvis
intus vivide ad margines croceis, cardine angusto, anticé pos-
ticéque violaceo maculato; sinu pallu ovato, horizontali, ob-
tuso.

Venus fumigata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 737. pl. 159. f. 152-
155.

Hab. Australia (Strange).

95. CHIONE CEYLONENSIS.

C. testa ovali, oblonga, crassa, levigata, ventricosa, fulva, pal-
lide viridi fasciata, minuté fulvo-marmorata, nonnunquam
griseo radiata; margine dorsali livido, anticé distincte lunu-
lato; latere antico brevi, postico subtruncato; margine ven-
trali subrotundato.

Tapes Ceylonensis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 683.pl. 146.f.24, 25.
Hab. Insula Ceylonensis.

96. CHIONE PINGUIS. B.M.

C. testa ovata, transversa, turgida, subcordata, levigatissima,
crassa, fulva, fusco, badio albo maculata, seepius radiata; na-
tibus tumidis; lunula ovata, nitida, griseo-livida; pube de-
pressa, grisea vel czrulescente lneolis numerosis transversis
notata.

Encyel. Méth. pl. 266. f. 3 & 5.
Venus pinguis, Chemn. Conch. vi. 355. pl. 34. f. 355-357.
~ Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 362.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 123.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 51.
Dillw. Cat.i. 181. no. 51.
Venus no. 22, Schrot. Einl. i. 163.
Venus opima, Gmel. p. 3279. no. 44.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 601. no. 62.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 1121. no. 23.
Venus triradiata, Chemn. Conch. vi. 356. pl. 34. f. 356.
Gmel. p. 3279. no. 45.
Dillw. Cat. i. 181. no. 52.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 52.
Venus no. 23, Schrot. Hinl. ui. 163,
Venus no. 24, Schrot. Hinl. in. 163.
Venus nebulosa, Chemn. Conch. vi. 356. pl. 34. f. 359-361.
Gmel. p. 3279. no. 46.

152 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus nebulosa, Dillw. Cat. i. 182. no. 53.

Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 602. no. 63, exclus. var.

Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 363. no. 63. ;
Pullastra nebulosa, Sow. in Beech. Voy. Moll. pl. 43. f. 8.
Tapes pinguis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 683. pl. 146. f. 20-23.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus; Tranquebar.

97. CHIONE QUADRANGULARIS.

C. testa quadrato-ovata, subcompressa, crassiuscula, concentricé
tenuiter et irregulariter striata, pallide straminea, nitida, um-
bonibus roseis, ices antico brevi, postico multo longiore, lu-
nula parum distincta.

Venus quadrangularis, Adams & Reeve, Voy. Samar, p.79. pl. 24.
f.7

" Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 731. pl. 161. f. 196.
Hab. Archipelago Coreensis.

98. CHIONE UNDULOSA. B.M.

C. testa trigona, nitida, tenuissime transversim striata, albida ;
lineis rufis transversis undulato-angulatis; margine antico
rectilineo, postico convexo, 1} longiore; area nulla; lunula
oblonga vix cireumscripta.

Venus undulosa, Lamk. Hist. Nat. v. 606; ed. Desh. vi. 370.
no. 85.
Philippi, Abbild. und Beschr. p. 1. pl. 1. f. 1.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 126 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 49.
Menke, Moil. Nov. Holl. p. 45. no. 256.
Venus variabilis, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 42.
Venus undulosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 738. pl. 158. f. 142-
146.

Hab. Nova Hollandia (Lamarck).

99. CHIONE RADIATA. Ba

C. testa ovato-transversa, cordato-subtrigona, turgida, crassa, in-
zquilaterali, transversim striata, albo-flavicante, rufo vel fusco
irregulariter maculata et interruptim radiata, umbonibus mag-
nis, tumidis, obliqué inflexis ; lunula impressa, cordata ; valvis
intus albis, ad umbonum cavitatem preecipue incrassatis; sinu
pallii satis lato, profundo, obliqué ascendente.

Venus radiata, Chemn. Conch. xi. 225. pl. 201. f. 1971-1973.
Venus recens (ex parte), Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. pl. 148. f. 62, 66.

Hab, Mare Rubrum (Chemn.) ; China (Sow. jun.).

BIVALVE SHELLS. 153

100. CHIONE INTERRUPTA.

C. testa oblongo-ovata, transversim striata, demum levi, albida,
maculis magnis fuscis angulatis picta aut radiata, plerumque
stella alba ad apices; extremitate utraque rotundata; area
lunulaque levibus, lividis.

Venus interrupta, Koch, in Phil. Abbild. und Beschr, p. 30 pl. 8.
£7:

Hab. Oceanus Indicus.

101. CHIONE MARMORATA. B.M.

C. testa ovata, crassa, transversim sulcata, alba, fulvo rufoque
variegata; ano ovali-oblongo, apice fusco-violascente ; pube
magna, colorata, lineolata.

Cytherea marmorata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 261. no. 58.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 13. a, 6.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 123. pl. 16. f. 36.
Venus variabilis, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 12. pl. 3. f. 8, 9.
Tapes laterisulea (pro parte), Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 686.
pl. 148. f. 68, 69.

Hab. Mare Europeum Australe (Lamk.); Oceanus Indicus
prope Bombay (Philippi).

102. CHIONE USTULATA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, turgida, crassa, solida, in-
eequilaterali, anticé obtusa, posticé obtusissime angulata, flava,
lineis maculisve rufis diversimodo variegata et subradiata ;
transversim irregulariter sulcata, sulcis triangularibus, in medio
obsoletis, ad umbones tenuissimis; lunula ovato-elongata, fusca;
area ligamenti brevi, parum profunda, fuscescente ; valvis intus
pallide flavis ; margine cardinali violaceo.

Chione ustulata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Portus Manille Philippimarum. Coll. Cuming.

103. CuionE AMBIGUA, Desh.

C. testa ovato-elongata, compressiuscula, lzevi, nitidissima, pos-
ticé multo longiore, subrostrata, anticé ascendente, alba, punc-
tis lituris radisve fuscis picta varié ; area lanceolata lunulaque
oblonga profundatis, pallide ceruleis, fusco transversim lne-
atis.

Venus Paupercula, Philippi Abbild. Conch. p. 63. pl. 4. f. 5 (non

Chemn.).
74%

154 BIVALVE SHELLS.

'
Venus paupercula, var. ? Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 11. pl.1.. 10,

excl. var.
Hab. Canalis Mozambicensis.

104. Cu1one Kraussi, Desh. B.M.

C. testa brevi, ovato-trigona, tumida, extremitatibus obtusa,
margine ventrali convexo; lunula lata, valde profundata.

Venus paupercula, var., Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 11. pl. 1. f. 10.
(non Chemn.).

Hab. Portus Natalensis.

105. CHIoNE oOBOVALIS, Desh. BM.

C. testa ovata, transversa, depressa, ineequilaterali, utrmque ob-
tusa, squalide alba, cretacea, opaca, transversim obsoleté sul-
cata, sulcis in latere postico profundioribus ; wmbonibus mini-
mis, depressis, oppositis vix prominentibus; lunula oblonga,
angusta, stria profunda distincta, area nulla; valvis intus pal-
lide roseo-purpureis, marginibus tenué denticulatis ; sinu pallii
brevi, angusto, apice obliqué resecto.

Hab. 2

106. CHIONE LENTICULARIS. B.M.

C. testa lenticulari-subtrapeziformi, crassa, opaca, pallida, levi,
lineis concentricis anticé posticéque distinctis, medio obsoletis,
prope umbonem elevatiusculis ; margine dorsali subrotundato,
posticé subangulato; impressione cordiformi elongata, parva,
impressa ; intus albida, margine ventrali levi.

Venus lenticularis, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 42.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 128; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 55.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér, Moll. p. 560.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 731. pl. 161. f. 194.
Venus exalbida, Jonas Moll. Beitrag., p. 16. pl. 8. f. 7. a, 6 (non
Cheman.).

Hab. Littus Chiliense.

107. CHIONE EXALBIDA. B.M.

C. testa ovali, plano-convexa, extus intusque alba, transversim
suleata, sulcis acutis sublamellosis; ano oblongo.
List. Conch. t. 269. f. 105 2
Venus exalbida, Chemn. Conch. xi. p. 225, t. 202. f. 1974.
Encycl. pl. 264. f. Ll. a, 6.
Dillw. Cat. i. 170. no. 27.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 155

Venus exalbida, Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iti. 1117. no. 15.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 349. no. 29.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 119.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 731. pl. 161. f. 193.

Hab. Insula Falkland.

Testa descripta sub nomine exalbida Col. Jonas altera species
est (vide Venus Jonasi, Desh.).

108. CH1ionE CREPLINI.

C. testa ovata, subtrigona, plano-convexa, anticé rotundata, pos-
ticé acutiuscula, levi, albida, marginem versus lutescente,
radiis binis fuscis interruptis picta; area parvula vix distin-
guenda; ligamento parvulo et brevissimo; lunula paululum
elata, lanceolata, linea levissime impressa, utrinque terminata ;
umbonibus minimis, acutis, incurvis et prominulis; dentibus
cardinis validis postico utriusque valvulz elongato et crenato.

Venus (Cytherea) Creplini, Dunker, Zeits. fiir Malac. 1852.
p- 61.
Hab.

Testa parvula, crassa, solida, feré trigona, subzequilateralis, parum
convexa, levigata, primo adspectu cum Tellina Balthica simili-
tudinem quandam offert; testa pallide lutea, ad umbones al-
bida, lineis duabus fuscis interruptis, interdum evanidis ab um-
bonibus radiantibus ornata et epidermide pallide cornea sub-
vitrea, omnino diaphana, induta est ; facies interna flavo-albida :
margo dorsalis posticus castaneo maculatus (Dunker).

14

Species incerte.
109. CHIoNE ALVAREZII.

C. testa rotundata, crassa, compressa, albida, opaca, concentricé
plicata, radiatim striata; stris latere anali attenuatis; latere
buccali brevi, rotundato ; latere anali elongato, rotundato ; lu-
nula cordata, marginata.

Venus Alvarezi, D’ Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 557. pl. 83. f. 1, 2.
Hab. Patagonia.

110. CHIONE ANOMALA.

C. testa ovali-oblonga, posticé subangulata, valde inequilaterali ;
strils transversis, latere postico sublamellosis; dentibus cardi-
nalibus rectis.

Venus anomala, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 599. no. 51.
? Var. Testa alba, transversim longiore.

156 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 359. no. 51.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 122.

Hab. Oceanus Australis.

111. CHIONE CASTANEA.
Venus castanea, Say, Journ. Phil. ii. 273.
Hab. ?

112. CHIoNE CONULARIS.

C. testa conoidea, obliqua, parvula, ceruleo-purpurascente ; sul-
cis transversis elevatis ; ano subnullo.

Venus conularis, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 368. no. 78.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 11. f. 4.
Venus Peroni, var., Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 24. pl. 8. f. 9.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

113. CHIONE DYSERA.

C. testa cordata, crassa, globosa, alba, cingulis membranaceis
elatis transversis rarioribus cincta, vulva impressa, levi, ano
cordato, margine undique crenulato. Cardo congenerum.
Striz nulle longitudinales, Nates recurvate.

Venus dysera, Chemn. Conch. vi. 297. pl. 28. f. 291, 292, excel.
synon. (non Linn.).

Hab. Oceanus Indicus.

114. CHIONE ELEVATA.

Venus elevata, Say, Journ. Phil. ii. 272.
DeKay, Zool. de New York, v. 219.

Hab. Littus Floridarum.

115. CHIONE ELLIPTICA.

C. testa elliptica, subsquilaterali, albida, immaculata; sulcis
transversis, confertis; ano lanceolato.

Encyel. pl. 267. f. 5. a, 6.
Venus elliptica, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 346. no. 20.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 114.

Hab. ——?

116. CHIONE EXILIS.

C. testa oblonga, elliptica, tenui, pellucida, antiquata ; striis trans-
versis tenuissimis obsoletis ; ano nullo.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 157

Venus exilis, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 359. no. 53.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 113.

Hab. li

117. CHIONE INA AQUALIS.

Venus inequalis, Say, Journ. Phil. ii. 273.
DeKay, Zool. de New York, p. 219.

Hab. Status Uniti Americe septentrionalis.

118. CHIONE INFLATA.

C. testa rotundata, concentricé substriata, albente, intus alba,
lunula obsoleta.
Venus inflata, King, Zool. Journ. v. 336. no. 10.

Hah. Sinus Magellanicus ad Port Famine.

119. CHIONE INQUINATA.

C. testa cordato-rotundata, tumida, albido-lutescente, spurca ;
striis transversis concentricis longitudinalibus obsoletissimis ;
natibus leevibus.

Venus inquinata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 607. no. 88.
Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 370. no. 88.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 126.

Mont. Suppl. pl. 17. f. 3.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 300.
An Venus triangularis? Maton, Act. Soc. Linn. viii. 83.

Hab. Cherbourg (De Gaville).

120. CHIONE MACTRACEA.

C. testa subglobulosa, lineis concentricis elevatis, acutis, subdi-
stantibus ornata, alba; labro levi, integro.

Venus mactracea, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 44.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 558.
An eadem junior? Venus Mortoni, Conrad.

Hab. Chili, Valparaiso.

121. CHIONE MINUTA.
Lesza minuta, Moller, Moll. Grenl. p. 20.
Hab, ——?

158 BIVALVE SHELLS.

122. CHIONE NITIDA.

C. testa elongata, cuneiformi, inaequilaterali, polita, fulva, intus
lutea.

Venus nitida, Quoy § Gaim. Voy. de T’Astrol. iii. 529. no. 7.
pl. 84. f. 13, 14.

Hab. Insula Vandiemenensis ; prope Hobart-Town.

123. CHIONE OBSCURA.
C. testa subglobosa, lineis concentricis crenulatis horrida, albente
obscuré maculata ; intus alba, limbo crenulato.

Venus obscura, Brod. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 44.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 119.

Hab. Oceanus Pacificus.

124. CHIONE PAUPERCULA.

C. testa subcordata, levi, punctis et venis subrufis in fundo lu-
tescente undique sparsis notata ; vulva retusa, ovali, oblonga, et
ano cordiformi impresso violaceis.

Venus paupercula, Chemn. ii. 227. pl. 202. f. 1977.

Dillw. Cat. i. 172. no. 31.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 31.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 127.

An eadem? Venus paupercula, Phil. Abbild. Conch. ui. 63. pl. 4.
f. 5?

Hab. Coromandel (Chemn.); Australia; Nova Zelandia. Mus.

Brit.

125. CHIONE RUFA.
C. testa ovali, tumida, transversim sulcata, rufa, intus alba,
punctis asperata; striis longitudinalibus exilissimis.
Venus rufa, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi, 350. no. 30.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 119.

Hab. Peru; mare Australe.

126. CHIONE SUBROSTRATA.

C. testa cordata, striis longitudinaliter transversimque cancellata
albida radiatim rufo maculata; ano cordato.
Encycl. pl. 267. f.7. a, 6?
Venus subrostrata, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi, 343. no. 13.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 68. f. 4.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 159

Venus subrostrata, Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 112.
Pot. & Mich. Gal. Douai, p. 238. no, 31.

Hab. India Occidentalis.

127. CHIONE VERMICULOSA.

C. testa subcordata, tumida, transversim striata, fulva, lituris
rufis aut fuscis subreticulata.

Venus vermiculosa, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 367. no. 76,
Hanley, Deser, Cat. p. 125.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

128. CHIONE VULVINA.

C. testa subcordata, transversim sulcata, pallide fulva subradiata,
pube convexa; vulva anoque lividis.
Venus vulvina, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 367. no. 75.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 125.

Had. 2

129. CHIONE CARNEOLA.

C. testa ovali, transversim striata, striis longitudinalibus tenui-
oribus, ano lanceolato, natibus violaceis.

Venus carneola, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 364. no. 65.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 5.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 124; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 38.

Hab. 2

ce. Testa oblonga, transversa ; dentibus cardinalibus compressis,
lateralibus anticis nullis ; trachea apice libera ; pes lanceolatus.
Tapesina, Gray.

Genus 13. TAPES.

Animal ovato-transversum, lateraliter compressum ; pallii mar-
go simplex ; trachez duz basi et usque in medio conjunctze, ad
apicem divergentes ; trachea branchiali tentaculis arborescentibus
coronata, anali tentaculis cylindraceis simplicibus terminata; pes
magnus, linguiformis, compressus, basi plerumque byssiferus; ap-
pendices labiales triangulares, subzequilaterales ; branchize late,
subquadratze, ineequales, postice conjunctz.

Testa ovato-transversa, mequilateralis, clausa, marginibus in-
tegris; cardine tridentato, dentes aliquando divergentes, aliquando
approximati, subparalleli, seepius ad apicem bifidi vel canalicu-

160 BIVALVE SHELLS.

lati, pallii impressio postic? profund? sinuosa ; sinus semi-ovalis,
subhorizontalis.
Tellina, Lister (1685), Conch. pl. 402, &e.
Pectunculus, Lister (1685), Conch. pl. 269, &e.
Chama, Rumphius (1711), Amb. pl. 43.
Gualtieri (1742), Ind. pl. 86, &e.
Venus (ex parte), Linn. (1758), Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 690; ed. 12.
. 11365.

Chemnitz, Schriter, Gmelin, Lamarck, Cuvier, Dillwyn,
Wood, &c. &c.
Cuneus, Da Costa (1778), Conch. Brit. p. 102.
Callista, Callistoderma (ex parte), Poli (1795), Test. Sicil. ii.
Paphia (ex parte), Bolten (1798), Mus. (ed. 2, 1819, p. 122).
Tapes, Megerle (1811), Entw. p. 51.
Schumacher (1817), Essai d’une Class. p. 136.
Gray (1842), Syn. Brit. Mus. p. 75; (1847) Proc. Zool.
Soc. p. 184.
Pullastra (ex parte), Sow. (1827) Genera of Shells, Zool. Journ.
iil. 134.

Anton (1839), Verz. Conch. p. 8.
Reeve (1841), Conch. Syst. i. 95.

Sow. jun. (1842), Conch. Man. p. 239.
Morris (1843), Brit. Foss. p. 160.
Desh. (1848), Traité Elém. i. 519.

Synopsis SPECIERUM.

I. Testa transversim suicata vel striata.
a. Sinus pallii oblique ascendens, 1-13.
b. Sinus pallii horizontalis, 14-50.
Ii. Testa decussata, 51-65.
III. Testa longitudinaliter striata, 66-68.
IV. Testa corrugata, 69-73.

I. Testa transversim sulcata vel striata.
a. Sinus pallii oblique ascendens.

1. TAPES MALABARICA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, tumida, subcordata, anticé angustiore,
posticé subsinuata, transversim densé striata, seepius flavo-ci-
nerea vel cinerea quadriradiata, radiis obscurioribus intus roseo-
purpurascente ; margine superiore antico excavato; lunula
magna, ovato-cordata, levigata, seepius pallida, livida.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 161

Venus malabarica, Chemn. Conch. vi. 323, pl. 31. f. 324, 325.
Dillw, Cat. i. 174. no. 36.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 351. no. 35.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. 362
Pot. & Mich. Gall. de Douai, p. 236. pl. 64. f. 3, 4.
Venus Gallus, Spengler (ex fide Schroter).
Gmel. p. 3277. no. 37.
Venus no. 14, Schrét. Einl. ii. 159.
Tapes malabarica, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p.682. pl. 145. f. 6,7, 8.

Hab. Oceanus Malabaricus, Asiaticus et Indicus.

2, TAPES RHOMBIFERA.

T. testa ovato-transversa, ineequilaterali, compressiuscula, anticé
breviore et angustiore, transversim regulariter tenué sulcata,
flava, punctulis et lituris fuscis equaliter aspersa; margine
superiore postico convexo, antico excavato; pube lunulaque
levigatis, lineis fuscis variegatis ; lunula ovato-lanceolata.

Encycl. Méth. pl. 282. f. 4.
Wood, Suppl. 2. pl. 13. f. 45.
Venus rhombifera, Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 120.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses.

3. TAPES SINUOSA.

T. testa subtrigona, subzequilaterali, fulva, rufo pallide radiatim
lineata et subpunctata, concentricé costellis numerosis lami-
natis erectis lirata, posticé angulata; margine dorsali declivi,
valde excavato ; margine ventrali posticé smuato (Sow.).

Venus sinuosa, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 366. no. 72.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 125.
Tapes sinuosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 683. pl. 145. f. 10.

Hab. Mare Australe.

4. TAPES SULCOSA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, subtriangulari, carnea, radiis purpureo-
fuscis interruptis picta, sulcis grossis undeeformibus sculpta,
quorum alterni anticé marginem non attingunt ; margine ven-
trali parum sed zequaliter arcuato; dorsali utroque feré recti-
lineo, wqualiter declivi; area lanceolata, lata, levi; lunula
lanceolata, plana.

Venus sulcosa, Phil. Zerts. fiir Malak. 1847, p.89; Abbild. und
Beschr. p. 23. pl. 7. f. 1.
Tapes sulcosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 681. pl. 145. f. 13, 14.

Hab. Australia.

162 BIVALVE SHELLS.

5. TAPES EXARATA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, turgida, inzequilaterali, pallide rufa, lineis
rufis angulatis reticulata, radiisque interruptis obscuris picta,
liris regularibus confertissimis interstitia equantibus sculpta ;
margine dorsali postico, declivi, ventrali anticé ascendente ;
ligamento breviusculo.

Venus exarata, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 109. pl. 5. f. 6.
Tapes exarata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 680. pl. 145. f. 18.

Hab. Mare Rubrum? Phil.; mare Senegalense.

6. TAPES INFLATA.

T. testa ovato-transversa, subsequilaterali, inflata, turgida, sub-
cordiformi, transversim regulariter sulcata, nitente, rufo-fla-
vescente punctulis lineisve fuscis raris aspersa, obscuré quadri-
radiata; umbonibus tumidis, recurvis, approximatis ; lunula
magna, ovata, levigata, depressiuscula, concava; area liga-
menti excavata, ovato-lanceolata ; sulcis latis convexis ; valvis
intus pallide aurantiis ; sinu pallii brevi, apice obtuso, oblique
ascendente, marginibus subparallelis: sinuositate in margine
posteriore sicut in Tellinis.

Tapes inflata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Insula Ceylonensis. Coll. Cuming.

7. TAPES DECLIVIS.

T. testa elongato-subtrigona, subzquilaterali, fulva, griseo macu-
lata et radiata, concentricé subundulatim costellis vix elevatis
lirata; margine dorsali literato, declivi, subplanulato, anticé
breviusculo ; lunula elongata; margine ventrali antic rotun-
dato, posticé paululum emarginato (Sow.).

Tapes declivis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 680. pl. 145. f. 9.
Hab. Insule Philippinenses.

8. TAPES ENGLYPTA.

T. testa solida, ovato-oblonga, fulvo-carnea, radiis purpurascen-
tibus picta; liris transversis crassissimis, valde elevatis, inter-
stitia aquantibus sculpta; margine ventrali rectilineo, anticé
ascendente, dorsali utroque rectilineo; extremitate postico
subtruncato ; labiis lunule valde elevatis.

Venus englypta, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malak. 1847, p. 89; Abbild.
und Beschr. p. 24. pl. 7. f. 3.
Tapes englypta, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 680. pl. 145. f. 17.

Hab. 2

Ti

BIVALVE SHELLS. 163

9. TAPES AMABILIS.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, carnea, radiis obscurioribus obsoletis, stri-
gisque violaceis ziczacformibus picta; liris transversis regulari-
bus elevatis, planis latioribus quam interstitia pulcherrime
sculpta, margine ventrali regulariter arcuato, anticé ascendente,
dorsali antico concavo ; lunulz lanceolatze labiis vix elevatis.

Venus amabilis, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malak. 1847, p.90; Abbild. und
Beschr. p. 23. pl. 7. f. 2.
Tapes amabilis, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 680. pl. 145. f. 11?

Hab. 2

10. TAPES LIRATA.

T. testa solida, oblonga, rufo-fulva, radiis mterruptis fuscis, lineis-
que in ziczac flexis pallide fuscis picta ; liris transversis elevatis,
angustis, interstitia superantibus sculpta; margine ventrali
parum arcuato, anticé subascendente, dorsali utroque rectilineo ;
lunule labiis satis elevatis.

Venus lirata, Phil. Abbild. und Beschr. p. 24. pl. 7. f. 5.
Tapes lirata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 679. pl. 145. f. 19.

Hab. Tnsule Philippmenses.

1l. TAPES SEMIRUGATA.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, fulva, strigis violascentibus angulatis, in
ziczac flexis picta, sulcis transversis undatis posticé abruptis
sculpta; margine ventrali parum arcuato, anticé ascendente ;
dorsali utroque feré rectilineo, posticoque declivibus ; lunula
lanceolata, parum distincta.

Venus semirugata, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malak. 1847, p. 88; Abbild.
und Beschr. p. 24. pl. 7. f. 4.

Tapes semirugata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 681. pl. 145. f. 12?

Hab. 2

12. Tares MEROEFORMIS.

T. testa solida, subcompressa, inzequaliter subtrigona, leviter ro-
tundatim sulcata, ad umbones levigata, omnino pallide fulva,
medio et prope umbones castaneo marmorata; latere antico
brevi; lunula depressa, lanceolata, polita, declivi; latere pos-
tico subelongato, subtruncato, margime dorsali declivi, laté
depresso, nitente.

Tapes Meroéformis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 745. pl. 163. f. 160.
Hab. Australia.

164 BIVALVE SHELLS.

13. Tapes HANLEYI.

T. testa parva, subtrigona, concentricé striata, purpurascente,
albo et maculis fuscis biradiata, intus purpurea, utrinque sub-
acuminata, posticé subelongata; lunula impressa; dente car-
dinali antico magno (Sow.).

Tapes Hanleyi, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 689. pl. 149. f. 102, 103.
Hab. Mare Brasiliense.

b. Sinus pallii horizontalis.
14. TAPES ADSPERSA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-transversa, inzequilaterali, compressa, anticé breviori,
angusta, postice obliqué truncata, subangulata, transversim
densé striata; posticé stris latioribus planulatis ; flavicante
vel aurantiaca, maculis characteribus et nubeculis nigricantibus
ornata vel subradiata ; lunula angusta, lanceolata, obliterata.

Venus aspersa, Chemn. Conch. vii. 44. pl. 42. f. 438.

Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 281. f. 4.

Venus literata, var. D, Dillw. Cat. i. 203.

Venus literata, var. 5, Gmel. p. 3293.

Venus no. 44, Schrét. Einl. ni. 170.

Venus adspersa (ex parte), Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 595. no. 37.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 352. no. 37.
Hanley in Wood (explicat. tabul. p. 13), pl. 16. f. 34 (non

aspersa, Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 120).
Tapes aspersa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 684. pl. 147. f. 52.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus ; insule Philippimenses.

15. TAPES LITERATA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-transversali, tenui, compressa, ineequilaterali, posticé
latiore, obliqué truncata, anticé angustiore, obtusa, transversim
tenué striata, posticé striis latioribus albo-flavicante, lineis an-
gustis angulatis spadiceis eleganter picta; natibus parvis,
leevibus; lunula obsoleta, angusta, lanceolata ; intus alba vel
pallide sulphurea.

Tellina magna, Lister, Conch. pl. 402. f. 245.
Chama literata, Rumph. Amb. pl. 42. f. B.
Petiver, Aquat. Amb. pl. 18. f. 2.

Valentyn, Verhand. pl. 13. f. 6; pl. 14. f. 13.
Chama, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 86. p F.

D’ Argenv. Conch. pl. 21. f. A.

Regenfuss, Conch. pl. 4. f. 39.

Knorr, Vergn. i. pl. 6. f. 4.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 165

Favanne, Conch. pl. 47. f. A 1.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 280. f. 4.
Venus literata, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p.689; ed. 12. p. 1135;
Mus. Ulr. ii. 508. no. 75.
Born, Test. Mus. p. 74.
Chemn. Conch. vii. 37. pl. 41. f. 482-434.
Schrot. Einl. i. 148.
Gmel. p. 3293. no. 132 (exclus. varietatibus).
Dillw. Cat. i. 203. no. 103 (exelus. var. B, C, D).
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 101.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 596. no. 40 (exclus. var. 3).
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 1119. no. 19; in Lamk. ed. 2.
vi. 353.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 121.
Pullastra literata, Sow. Genera of Shells, f. 2.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 72. f. 2.
Tapes literata (ex parte), Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 684. pl. 147.
f. 43, 45, 48
Var. candidissima, duo specimina in collectione Cumingiana.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus atque Australis ; imsulz Philippinenses.

16. TAPES RADIATA.

T. testa ovato-transversa, oblonga, compressa, inzequilaterali, an-
ticé brevi, obtusa, posticé obliqué truncata, subangulata ;
transversim tenuissime striata, in latere postico striis latioribus
planulatis flavo irregulariter punctulata, radiis albis et fusces-
centibus subarticulatis ornata, intus pallide sulphurea.

Venus literata radiata, Chemn. Conch. vi. 45. pl. 42. f. 439.
Venus no. 45, Schrot. Einl. ii. 172.
Venus literata, var. «, Gmel. p. 3293.
Encycl. Meéth. pl. 282. f. 1.
Venus adspersa, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 595.
Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 352 (note).
Venus aspersa, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 120 (exelus. Dillw. syn.

).
Tapes literata, var., Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 684. pl. 146. f. 47.
Hab. Oceanus Indicus.

17. Tapes RopatTzi.

T. testa oblonga, sulcis concentricis confertis subirregularibus
posticé validioribus partim dichotomis eleganter sculpta, fla-
vescente, maculis lineolisque atro-fuscis, glaucis et lividis an-
gulato-flexuosis, undulatis seu araneosis varié picta et szepius
mterrupte quadriradiata ; extremitate antica brevi attenuata,
postica producta, basi zequaliter parumque curvata; umbonibus

166 BIVALVE SHELLS.

parvulis acutis; margine anteriore excavato ; lunula angus-
tata, subcordata haud distincté terminata; area lanceolata,
labiata ; ligamento subprofundo.

Venus Rodatzi, Dunker, Zeits. fiir Malak. 1848, p. 185. no. 19.
Hab. Africa (Rodatz).

18. TAPES TURGIDA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-subquadrata, ventricosa, costellis concentricis vali-
dis, postic® laminatis lirata, radiatim minuté striata; fulva,
rufescente, maculis fuscis radiata, intus rosea ; latere antico
brevi, rotundato ; latere postico lato, angulato, truncato ; mar-
gine dorsali posticé elevato, anticé lunulato et literato; margine
ventrali rectiusculo (Sow.).

Venus turgida, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 595. no. 39.
Venus dorsata, Lamk. loc. cit. p. 593. no. 31.
Venus ovalea, Lamk. loc. cit. p. 601. no. 59.

Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. p. 353. no. 39; p. 350.

no. 31; p. 361. no. 59.
Venus turgida, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 121; in Wood, Suppl.
i 16. £6.
r Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 109. pl. 5. f. 5.

Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 44. no. 251.

Tapes turgida, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 684. pl. 147. f. 53, 54.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

19. TAPES TURGIDULA.

T. testa ovata, transversa, ineequilaterali, turgidula, anticé atte-
nuata, breviore, angustiore, posticé supernequé rotundata ;
umbonibus parvis macula alba notatis; valvis rufis maculis
punctisque fuscis subquadriradiata, tenué transyersim suleata ;
sulcis anticé tenuioribus, sensim in medio et in latere postico
majoribus, et posticé lamellosioribus ; lunula elongato-lan-
ceolata, fusca, in longitudinem concava et striata; area liga-
menti angusta, brevi, utroque latere canaliculata ; lateraliter
macula fusca notata, valvis intus croceis ; sinu pallii lato, parum
profundo, apice obtuso, valve sinistree dente mediano profun-
dissime bipartito.

Tapes turgidula, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Insule Philippinenses. Coll. Cuming.

20. TAPES DURA. B.M.
T. testa ovato-transversa, turgida, ineequilaterali, utroque latere

BIVALVE SHELLS. 167

obtusa, transversim regulariter striata, striis approximatis, de-
pressis, pallide flava vel rubente aliquantisper lineis pallidis
angulatis texta, maculis distantibus fuscis quadriradiata, intus
alba vel violascente.

Le Pegon, Adans. Voy. au Sénéy. p. 228. pl. 17. f. 12.
Venus dura, Giel. p. 3292. no. 126.
Venus no. 138, Schrét. Fini. iii. 196.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 283. f. 5. a, b.
Tellina cancellata, Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 4. f. 60.
Venus virginea (ex parte), Dillw. Cat. i. 207.
Venus rariflamma, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 597. no. 45.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 356.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 121.
Tapes rariflamma, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 679. pl. 145. f. 4.

Hab. Mare Senegalense.

21. TAPES SIMILIS.

T. testa ovata, transversa, depressa, ineequilaterali, extremitatibus
obtusa, transversim tenué sulcata, rufa, apicibus rubra, levi-
gata, maculis raris castaneis triradiata, lineis angulosis distan-
tibus obsoletis notata, umbonibus minimis, oppositis; lunula
elongato-lanceolata, laevigata, rubro lineolata; area angusta,
depressa, lanceolata, livida; valvis intus in fornice rufis.

Tapes similis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. 2 Coll. Cuming.

22. TAPES ROTUNDATA. B.M.

T. testa elongato-ovata, transversa, compressa, inzquilaterali, utro-
que latere obtusa, margine ventrali recto, anticé ascendente,
transversim regulariter suleata, sulcis posticé depressioribus,
evanescentibus, flava punctulis vel lineis brevibus angulatis
texturata, maculis fuscis nigrescentibus subarticulatis quadri-
radiata ; pube lunulaque lividis, venis purpureis transversalibus
notatis ; lunula lanceolata.

Olearius, Gottorf. Kunts. p. 56. pl. 29. f. 2.
D?Argenv. App. pl. 3. f. D.
Knorr, Vergn. ii. pl. 18. f. 4.
Favanne, Conch. pl. 49. f. 1 3.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 281. f. 3.
Venus rotundata, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 690; ed. 12. p. 1135 ;
Mus. Ulr. ii. 509. no. 76.
Schrot. Einl. ii. 149.
Gmel. p. 3294. no. 134.

168 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus rotundata, Dillw. Cat. i. 204. no. 105.

Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 3. f. 103.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 120.

Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 352. no. 36.
Venus ala papilionis, Chemn. Conch. vii. 46. pl. 42. f. 441.
Venus papilionacea, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 594.

Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iii. 1118.

Pullastra papilionacea, Sow. Gen. of Shells, f. 3.

Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 72. f. 3.

Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 44. no. 250.

Tapes papilionacea, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 679. pl. 145. f.1, 2.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus ; Madagascariensis ; mare Nove Hol-
landiz.

23. TAPES SULCARIA. B.M.

T. testa oblonga, transversa, ineequilaterali, flavida vel aurantia,
fulvo literata, subreticulata et radiata, transversim sulcata,
sulcis distantibus, planulatis, posticé sensim latioribus ; latere
antico brevi, angusto, declivi, latere postico elongato, oblique
truncato, elongato; lunula angusta, lanceolata; margine ven-
trali paululum arcuato.

Venus sulearia, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 596. no. 41.

Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 254.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 121; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 15. f. 50.
Tapes sulcaria, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 685. pl. 146. f. 50-32.
Tapes Deshayesii, var. sulphurea, Phil. Abbild. Conch. ii. pl. 7.

f. 8 (non Hanley).

Had. Oceanus Indicus; Amboina.

24. Tapes DESHAYESII. B.M.

T. testa oblonga, sulcis transversis angustis distantibus exarata,
vari coloris, plerumque albida, fusco-reticulata aut imterrupté
radiata; margine dorsali postico longissimo, parum arcuato,
ventralique mediocriter arcuato subparallelis ; extremitate pos-
tica obliqué truncata ; lunula lanceolata, planulata, parum di-
stincta ; area longissima, lineari-lanceolata, plana aut concava.

? Chemn. Conch. Cab. vii. 45. f. 439 2

V. Deshayesi, Hanley, Descr. Cat.; in Wood, App. t. 16. f. 35
(absque descript.).

V. radiata, Anton, Verz. p. 8. no. 297 (non Chemn. nee Broce.).

Tapes Deshayesii, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 685. pl. 146. f. 34-38.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 169

25. TAPES RETIFERA. *‘BM.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, transversim sulcata, albida; lineolis sub-
angulatis fulvis, im radios retiformes coadunatis; ano oblongo
pubeque fuscis.

Venus retifera, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 358. no. 50.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 122.

Hab. Oceanus Europeeus (Lamk.).

26. TAPES CRASSISULCA.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, posticé subangulata, albida immaculata,
sulcis transversis latis subscalariformibus.

Venus crassisulea, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 350. no. 33.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 120; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 48.
Hab. Nova Hollandia.

27. TAPES ARANEOSA.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, transversim sulcato-striata, lineisque ra-
diantibus obsoletis decussata, albida, lineolis angustis, rufis
angulato-flexuosis picta ; extremitate postica sensim attenuata
subrostrata; lunula lanceolata, violaceo-lineata; area angusta
profundata, vix distincta.

V. araneosa, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malak. 1847, p ; Abbild. und
Beschr. p. 25. pl. 7. f. 6.
Tapes arenosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 688. pl. 146. f. 33.

Hab.

98. TAPES ALBA.

T. testa ovata, transversa, ineequilaterali, tur gidula, anticé obtusa,
posticé latiore, obliqué truncata, crassa, solida, intus extusque
candida ; umbonibus br evibus, depressis, vix obliquis, Oppositis ;
luaula elongato- -angusta vix perspicua, irregulariter striata ;
area angustissima, vix depressa; valvis extus irregulariter sul-
catis, sulcis i in medio depressis ; sinu pallii brevi, angusto, apice
attenuato, semielliptico.

Tapes alba, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Nova Hollandia ad Flumen Cygnorum. Coll. Cuming.

29. TAPES OBSCURATA.

T. testa ovato-transversa, oblonga, inequilaterali, tumidula,
squalide rufescente, maculis mimimis unidentatis fuscis ob-
scurata, fusco obscuratiore radiis quatuor subarticulatis notata

170 BIVALVE SHELLS,

transversim tenue et regulariter suleata ; anticé sulcis angusti-
oribus, in medio et ad latus posticum sensim latioribus ; latere
antico brevi angustato, subangulato, postico latiore, obtuso ;
valvis tenuibus, intus pallide croceis ; sinu pallii profundo, ob-
liqué ascendente, apice obtuso marginibus parallelis.

Tapes obscurata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab.

? Coll. Cuming.

30. Tapes Luzonica.

T. testa ovali, concentricé costellis numerosis rotundatis lyrata ;
rufa vel grisea, radiatim fusco maculata et variegata; lunula
distincta, livida, lanceolata; margine dorsali livido, margine
yentrali subrotundato (Sow, jun.).

Tapes Luzonica, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 687. pl. 149. f. 100,
101.

Hab. Insula Luzonica, Philippinarum.

31. TAPES GRATA.

T. testa ovata, transversa, inzequilaterali, compressa, anticé an-
gustiore et breviore, posticé latiore, obtusa, transversim ele-
ganter tenue sulcata, albo-flavescente, eleganter lineis fuscis
tenuibus reticulata et obsoleté radiata, inferné maculis majori-
bus albo-flavescentibus trigonis delineatis ; umbonibus mini-
mis; lunula lanceolata, levigata, fuscescente liturata; area
posticali elongato-angusta, maculis transversalibus notata ; val-
vis tenuibus, intus pallide croceis ; pallu simu horizontali, pro-
fundo, elliptico.

Tapes grata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Insule Philippimenses. Coll. Cuming.

32. Tapes BELCHERI.

T. testa ovali, subcompressa, concentricé leviter sulcata, pallide
fulva, griseo liturata, et maculis nigrescentibus triradiata ; mar-
gine dorsali liturato, subarcuato; latere antico brevi; lunula
purpureo liturata (Sow.).

Tapes Belcheri, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 685. pl. 147. f. 50, 51.
Hab, ——?

33. TAPES BIRADIATA.

T. testa ovato-transversa, tumidula, ineequilaterali, extremitatibus
obtusa, flavescente, anticé posticeéque maculis minimis pallide

eh

BIVALVE SHELLS, 171

fuscis grisea radiis duobus castaneis latis interruptis ornata,
transversim et regulariter tenue sulcata, sulcis anticé minori-
bus, in medio latioribus eminentioribusque, posticé angustiori-
bus et leviter undulatis ; lunula livida, concava, levigata, vix
distincta ; area elongato-laciniata, plana, leevigata, livida, lineis
violaceis liturata, valvis intus albis; margine cardinali anticé
et posticé violaceo maculato ; sinu pallii angusto, obtuso, mar-
ginibus parallelis.

Tapes biradiata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Var. 8. Testa minore, turgidiore radiis evanescentibus ; valvis
maculis minimis et lineis angulosis irregularibus ornata.

Hab. Puteao, Philippimarum. Coll. Cuming.

34. TAPES QUADRIRADIATA.

T. testa transversa, elliptica, turgidula, inequilaterali, utroque
latere obtusa, anticé angustiuscula, albo-lutea, lineis fuscis
angulatis, numerosis densissime picta et quadriradiata; radiis
maculis quadratis fuscis et albis subarticulatis; striis trans-
versis regularibus numerosis depressiusculis, posticé planis et
latioribus ; lunula fusco-violascente, elongato-angusta, polita,
fusco dense lineolata; area angusta, excavata, in medio ma-
cula violaceo-livida notata; valvis intus pallide luteis; simu
pallii lato, semielliptico.

Tapes quadriradiata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Insule Philippinenses. Coll. Cuming.

35. TAPES UNDULATA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, pallide fulva, inferné violascente, lineis
rufis aut violaceis angulato-flexuosis reticulata, levi, lineis
tamen impressis margini ventrali subparallelis, undulatis,
utrumque latus non attimgentibus exarata; ceterum 'T. textili
similis.

Venus undulata, Born, Test. Mus. p. 67.

Dillw, Cat. p. 204. no. 106 (pro Bornii synonymo).

Venus rimosa, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malac. 1847, p. 88; Abbild.
Conch. p. 25. pl. 7. f. 7.

Tapes rimosa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 682. pl. 146. f. 29.

Hab. China (Cuming).

36. TAPES TEXTRIX. B.M.

T. testa ovato-transversa, mequilaterali, utroque latere obtusa,
subattenuata, glaberrima, pallide flava, lineis purpureis angulatis
*

€

172 BIVALVE SHELLS.

undatis seu texturatis undique supertexta; lunula vulvaque
lanceolatis, lividis lineis purpureis vividioribus variegatis.
Knorr, Vergn. ii. pl. 28. f. 4.
Favanne, Conch. pl. 49. f. 12.
Tellina major reticulata, Lister, Conch. pl. 400. f. 239.
Chama, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 86. f. E.
Venus textrix, Chemn. Conch. vii. 48. pl. 42. f. 442.
Venus no 48, Schrét. Finl. iii. 171.
Venus Textile, Gmel. p. 3280. no. 51.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 596. no. 42.
Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 354. no. 42.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 121.
Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 44. no. 252.
Sow. Conch. Man. f. 120.
Encycl. Méth. pl. 283. f. 1.
Venus undulata, Dillw. Cat. i. 204. no. 106, exclus. Bornn syn.
Wood, Ind. pl. 8. f. 104.
Pullastra vulgaris, Sow. Gen. of Shells, no. 28.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 72. f. 1.
Tapes Textile, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 681. pl. 146. f. 26-28.
Var. Tota alba.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus ; Nova Hollandia.

37. TAPES POLITA.

T. testa ovali, ventricosa, levigata, prope marginem ventralem
leviter vix suleata; fulva rubescente, rufo-grisescente literatim
obscuré maculata; latere postico subtruncato ; latere antico
subacuminato, breviusculo; margine dorsali literato, gradatim
declivi, antic® lunulato; umbonibus castaneo unimaculatis ;
margine ventrali subrotundato, anticé ascendente.

Tapes polita, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 682. pl. 145. f. 15, 16.
Hab. Nova Hollandia, prope Sydney.

38. TAPES VIRGINEA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, transversa, compressiuscula, transversim
minuté et regulariter striata, striis posticé latioribus ; albo-fla-
vicante roseo tincta et fasciata vel subreticulata ; latere postico
longiore subtruncato ; lunula lanceolata, impressa, livida.

Lister, Hist. Conch. pl. 403. f. 247.

Venus virginea, Linn, Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1136.
Pulteney, Hutchins Dorset, p. 34.
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 128 & 576.
Maton § Rack. vii. 89. pl. 2. f. 8.

ier oe

‘hee oy

BIVALVE SHELLS. 173

Venus virginea, Dorset Cat. p. 36. pl. 13. f. 1.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 246; Dith. Brit. p. 156. pl. 8. f. 8.
Forbes, Malac. Monens. p. 53.
Thorpe, Mar. Conch. p. 92.
Dillw. Recent Shells, i. 207.
Lamk, An. s. Vert. (ed. Desh.) vi. 360.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 110.
Hanley, Recent Shells, p. 123. pl. 8. f. 110.
Venus rhomboides, Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 97. pl. 55. fig.
(omissa).
Cuneus fasciatus, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. p. 204.
Venus Sarniensis (var.), Turt. Dith. Brit. p. 153. pl. 10. f. 6.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 91.
Venerupis Sarniensis (var.), Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 482.
Venerupis virginea, Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 452.
Macgill. Moll. Aberd. p. 269.
Pullastra virginea, Brown, Ill. Conch. G. B. p. 89. f. 8,9 pl. 36.
£6:
Venus virago, Loven, Ind. Moll. Scand. p. 40.
Tellina elliptica ?, Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br.p.101.pl.40.f.20, 21.
Tapes virginea, Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. xxv. f. 4, 6. p. 388.

Hab. Oceanus Europus; mare Mediterraneum.

39. TAPES PHASEOLINA.

T. testa ovata, tenue transversim striata, grisea aut pallide fulva,
radiata; ano ovato; natibus subviolaceis.

Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 364. no. 64.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 4. a, 6, ¢.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 124; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 37.

Hab. 2
Maxime affinis T. virgimez Linnzei, an varietas ?

40. TAPES AUREA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-subtrigona, ventricosa, inzequilaterali, anticé brevi,
posticé subangulata, transversim tenue et regulariter striata,
longitudinaliter tenuissime lineata, albo-flavescente griseo,
flavo vel fusco liturata vel diversimodo maculata; intus au-
rantia; lunula ovata, in plerisque livido-fusea.

Tellina fasciata, Lister, Conch. pl. 404. f. 249,
Venus edulis, Chemn. Conch. vii. 60. pl. 43. f. 458.
Venus aurea, Gmel. p. 3288.

Mont. Test. Brit. p. 129 & 576.

Maton & Rack. Linn. Trans. vii. 90. pl. 2. f. 9.

174 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus aurea, Dorset Cat. p. 36. pl. 13. f. 3.
Dillw. Cat. i. 207. no. 112.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 111.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 600. no. 56.
Turt. Dithyr. Brit. p. 154. no. 17. pl. 9. f. 7, 8.
Payr. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 50. no. 84.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 360. no. 56.
Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 47; ii. 35.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 123.
Venus no. 78, Schrét. Einl. iii. 179.
Venus enea, Turt. loc. cit. p. 152. no. 14. pl. 10. f. 7.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 449.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 91.
Venus nitens, Turt. Dithyr. Brit. p. 157. pl. 10. f. 8.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 449.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 93.
Pullastra aurea, Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. p.89. pl. 36. f. 5,7, 8.
Tapes aurea, Hanley & Forbes, Brit. Moll. i. 392. pl. 25. f. 5.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 689. pl. 149. f. 108-110.

Hab. Oceanus Europzeus et mare Mediterraneum.

41. TAPES TEXTURATA. B.M.
T. testa ovato-transversa, tenui, inequilaterali, tumidiuscula,
transversim tenue striata, flava, fusco reticulatim picta, intus
aurea; lunula ovato-lanceolata, szepius fuliginosa.
Venus textrix, var., Chemn. Conch. vu. pl. 42. f. 443.
Venus texturata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 597. no. 43.
Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 355. no. 43.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 124; in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 15.
es
Tapes texturata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 690. pl. 149. f. 111.
Hab. Oceanus Indicus (Lamk.); mare Mediterraneum.

42. TAPES ACUMINATA.

T. testa T. floridelle simili, sed laevigata; fulva, maculis fuscis
punctata et radiata (Sow. jun.).

Tapes acuminata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 689. pl. 149. f. 105.
Hab. ?

43. TAPES FLORIDA. BM.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, transversa, tenui, fragili, inequilaterali, an-
tice obtusa, postice attenuata, transversim striata, lineis longi-
tudinalibus impressis decussata, albo-flava, rufo spadiceo fusco

{
;
I

;

BIVALVE SHELLS. 175

varie picta, subradiata, intus aurantia ; margine lunulari vio-
laceo ; lunula ovato-lanceolata lineis fuscis variegata.

Bonan. Recr. cl. 2. f. 43.
Venus leta, Poli, Test. Sicil. u. pl. 21. f. 1, 2 (non Linn.).
Phil. loc. cit. 11. 35.
Venus florida, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 602. no. 66.
Payraud, Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 51. no. 86.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 124; in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 16.
f: 14:
Venus virginea, var. 2, Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 46.
Var. B.
Venus catenifera, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 603. no. 70.
Venus florida (var.), Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. p. 366.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 124.
Var. y.
Venus bicolor, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 603. no. 68.
Venus leta, var., Poli, loc. cit. pl. 21. f. 3.
Venus florida (var.), Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. p. 365.
Tapes florida, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 688. pl. 149. f. 112, 113,
exclus. var. V. intuspunctata, Phil.

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum.

44, TAPES PETALINA.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, transversa, mzquilaterali, utrinque atte-
nuata, transversim minutissime striata, striis in medio sepius
evanescentibus ; rufescente vel violacea albo biradiata; lunula
elongato-lanceolata, fusco szepius tincta.

Venus petalina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 603. no. 67.
Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 365. no. 67.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 124; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 9. f. 8.
Venus Beudanti, Payr. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 53. pl. 1. f. 32.
Potiez & Mich. Gal. de Douai, ii. 231.
Tapes petalina, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 689. pl. 149. f. 104.

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum.

45. TAPES FLORIDELLA.

T. testa ovata, depressiuscula, transversim sulcata, albida; radiis
nebulosis, purpureo-violaceis; extremitate postica obliqué
truncata.

Venus floridella, Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 365. no. 69.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 2.

176 BIVALVE SHELLS,

Venus floridella, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 125.
Potiez & Mich. Gal. de Douai, p. 234. no. 14.

Hab. Oceanus Europeus? (Lamk.)

46. Tapes CASTRENSIS. B.M.

T. testa ovato-transversa, depressiuscula, ineequilaterali, posticé
longiore, obliqué truncata, declivi, anticé obtusa, transversim
striata, striis planulatis, seepius in medio evanidis, posticé irre-
gularibus ; lunula magna, ovato-lanceolata ; colore varia, Iu-
tescente lineolis angulatis maculisque minoribus fuscis picta et
radiata; intus albo-violascente vel flavicante.

Pullastra Castrensis, Desh. Moll. de Algérie, pl. 86.

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum ; Algeria ; Greecia.

47. TAPES FLUCTUOSA.

T. testa parva, tenui, compressa, ovali, pallide fulva, minuté
transversim striata, inequilaterali, antice obtusa, posticé lon-
giore, subangulata; stris vix convexiusculis.

Venus fluctuosa, Gould, Rep. Inv. Massach. p. 87. f. 50.

De Kay, Zool. de New York, v. 220.
Hab. Status Uniti Americ septentrionalis.

Testa sub nomine fluctuosz, celeb. Sowerbyo descripta atque
depicta (Thes. pl. 163. f. 163), toto ecelo differre mihi videtur.

48. TAPES PERPLEXA.

T. testa obliqué subtrigona, costellis rotundatis numerosis lirata,
posticé subangulata et subtruncata, anticé brevissima; fulva
rubescente-albo sparsim maculata, maculis fuscis parvis quad-
riradiata ; margine dorsali declivi, livido; margine ventrali
subrotundato; lunula distincta; umbonibus lividis (Sow.).

Tapes perplexa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 687. pl. 148. f. 80.
Hab. ——?

49. TAPES INCERTA.

T. testa subtrigona, costellis numerosis rotundatis lirata, crassa,
posticé angulata, subacuminata, anticé brevi; fulva griseo ra-
diatim maculata, posticé aurantia; margine dorsali declivi,
utrinque livido; margine ventrali paululum areuato.

Tapes incerta, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p, 687. pl. 148. f. 77,
Hab. 2

BIVALVE SHELLS. 177

50. TAPES TENUISTRIATA.

T. testa subquadrata, depressiuscula, tenui, latere postico latiore ,
obliqué truncato, transversim multisulcata; sulcis parvis ; lu-
nula ovata, vix distincta, violaceo tincta sub apicibus, albido-
flavis puncticulis radiata vel fulva albo biradiata.

Tapes tenuistriata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 687. pl. 148. f. 78, 79.
Hab. ——?

II. Testa decussata.

51. TAPES DECUSSATA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-transversa, inzquilaterali, posticé subangulata,
albida, lituris maculisve, aut radiis fuscis vel rufis picta, de-
cussatim striata, striis longitudinalibus eminentioribus ; intus
alba; margine cardinali violaceo maculato.

Bonan. Recr. pt. 2. f. 68; Mus. Kirch. f. 67.
Lister, Anim. Angl. pl. 4. f. 20; Conch. pl. 423. f. 271.
Gualt. Ind. pl. 85. f. L.
Regenf. Choix de Coq. pl. 4. f. 40.
Venus decussata, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 690. no. 126; Mus.
Ulr. p. 509. no. 77 ; Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1135. no. 149.
Donov. Brit. Shells, 11. pl. 67.
Wood, Linn. Trans. vi. 168. Plo l ZF. bl. 22:
Mont. Test. Brit. p. 124.
Maton & Rack. Linn. Trans. viii. 88. pl. 2. f. 6.
Dillw. Cat. i. 205. no. 108.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. y. 597. no. 46.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 244.
Gerville, Cat. Moll. Manche, p. 27. no. 12.
Blainv. Malac. pl. 75. f. 1.
Turt. Dithyr. Brit. p. 158. no. 20. pl. 8. f. 10.
Payr. Cat. Moll. de Corse, p. 50. no. 85.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 107.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. 1120. no. 22; in Lamk. An.
s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 356. no. 46; Expéd. Sc. Morée, Zool.
p- 100. no. 52.
Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 2. p. 210. pl. 60.
Chemn. Conch. vii. 58. pl. 43. f 455, 456.
Pulteney, Hutchins Dorset, p. 34.
Dorset Cat. p. 36. pl. 6. f. 4.
Venus literata, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 196. pl. 57. f. 53.
V. deflorata, Born, Mus. p. 68. pl. 5. f. 2, 3.
Cuneus reticulatus, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. p. 102. pl. 14. f. 4.
Ulysses, Trav. in Nap. p. 486. no. 140.
Schrot. Einl. i. 14. no. 45.
S**

178 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Gmel. p. 3294. no. 135.
Venus obscura, Gmel. p. 5259. no. 99.
V. sanguinolenta, Gmel. p. 3295. no. 140.
Tellina rhomboides, Gmel. p. 3237. no. 50. var. excl.
Encycl. pl. 283. f. 4.
V. florida, Poli, Test. Sicil. ii. pl. 21. f. 16, 17.
Olivi, Adriat. p. 108.
Pullastra decussata, Anton, Verz. p. 8. no. 285.
Collard des Ch. Cat. Moll. Finist. p. 23. no. 5.
Bouch.-Chantr. Cat. des Moll. Boul. p. 21. no. 34.
Scacchi, Cat. Conch. Reg. Neap. p. 7.
Jeffreys, List. of Mar. Moll. An. of Oban, Conch. Mag. p. 43.
Maravigna, Mém. pour I’ Hist. Nat. de la Sic. p. 75.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 122.
Thomps. Rep. on the Faun. of Irel. p. 262.
Forbes, Rep. on Aig. Invert. p. 143.
Verani, Cat. degli An. Invert. p. 13.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 93.
Requien, Cat. Moll. de Corse, p. 25. no. 107.
Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. pl. 37. f. 5, 6.

Fossilis. Desh. Coq. Foss. Paris, i. 142. pl. 23. f. 8, 9.
Morris, Cat. of Brit. Foss. p. 100.
Desh. Traité Elém. i. 527. pl. 21. f. 7, 8.

Venerupis decussata, Macgill. Moll. Aberd. p. 339.

Tapes decussata, Forbes § Hanley, Brit. Moll. p. 379. pl. 25. f. 1.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 693. pl. 150. f. 115, 115*.

Hab. Mare Europeum et Mediterraneum.

52. TAPES INDICA. B.M.

T. testa subrhomboidea, fulva, fusco maculatim radiata, imtus
aurantia ; sulcis acutis, numerosis, inzequalibus radiatis, et cos-
tellis concentricis, ad latera elevatis, et posticé costellis radiatis,
angulatis serratis, decussata ; latere postico oblongo, subtrun-
cato; margine dorsali subdeclivi, depresso, literato; latere
antico brevi, declivi; lunula magna, ovali, griseo literata ; mar-
gine ventrali paululum arcuato.

Tapes indica, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 694. pl. 151. f. 146, 147.
Hab. Oceanus Indicus; insule Philippinenses.

53. TAPES DENTICULATA.

T.testa ovali-subrhomboidea, alta, ventricosa, pallide fulva, griseo
obseuré maculata et radiata, sulcis radiantibus inequalibus,
medio alternatis, et costellis numerosis concentricis ad latus
posticum denticulatis decussata ; latere antico subrotundato,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 179

brevi; lunula ovali, griseo literata; latere postico oblongo, ob-
liqué truncato ; margine dorsali depresso, recto, laminato, sub-
declivi, griseo literato ; marge ventrali subrotundato.

Tapes denticulata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 694. pl. 150. f. 114.
Hab. 2

54. TAPES PUNICEA.

T. testa ovato-transversa, inequilaterali, convexiuscula, antice
breviori obtusa, attamen attenuata, latere postico latiore, obscure
subtruncato, fulva vel fusco punctata iregulariter saturatiore
radiata, maculis albis minimis irregulariter irorata; longitudi-
naliter tenue sulcata, sulcis ineequalibus, posticis laticribus,
aliquando duplicatis sulcis transversis decussatis i medio sim-
plicibus ; lunula vix perspicua, elongato-lanceolata, per longi-
tudinem striata, vulvis intus vivide roseo-purpureis, margine
cardinali postico violaceo maculato, sinu pall lato, parum
profundo.

Tapes punicea, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Tapes variegata (ex parte), Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 696. pl. 151.
f. 134, 135.

Hab. Insule Philippmenses. Coll. Cuming.

55. TAPES VARIEGATA.

T. testa ovali, aureo, fusco et violaceo varie picta, costellis radi-
antibus minutis et striis concentricis minutissimis decussata ;
margine ventrali arcuato.

Tapes variegata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 696. pl.151.f.133-138.
Hab. Insule Philppinenses.

56. Tapes PHILIPPINARUM.

T. testa oblongo-ovata, anticé truncata, fulva fuseo variegata,
obscuré radiata; radiatim lirata, liis numerosis, subundatis,
ad latera decussatim nodulosis, intus partim violacea.

Venus Philippinarum, Adams § Reeve, Voy. Samar. p.79. pl. 22.
f. 10.

Tapes Philippimarum, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 194. pl. 151.
f. 139-141?

Hab. Insule Philippinenses.

57. TAPES INTERMEDIA. B.M.

T. testa ovata, transversa, albo-cinerascente, posticé subtruncata,
transversim striata, striis longitudinalibus tenuissimis decus-

180 BIVALVE SHELLS.

sata; latere postico sulcato, sulcis depressis ; intus violacea ;
lunula lanceolata, angusta, margine interno violacea ; cardine
tridentato , dentibus duobus bifidis.

Venus intermedia, Quoy & Gaim. Voy. de I’ Astrol. Moll. pl. 84.
f. 9, 10.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 372. no. 93.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 127 ; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 41.
Venus Largillierti, Phil. Zeits. f. Malak. 1847, p. 87; Abbild.
Conch. p. 34. pl. 9. f. 3.
Tapes intermedia, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p.692. pl. 146. f. 39, 40.

Hab. Nova Zelandia.

58. TAPES PULLASTRA. B.M.

T. testa rhomboidea, concentricé crebre sulcata, radiatim minu-
tissime striata, pallide fulva, fulvo-rubescente pallide maculata,
aliquantisper intus posticé purpurata, rugis posticis plus mi-
nusve undulata; latere antico brevi, vix angulato ; latere pos-
tico elongato, subtruncato ; margine dorsali posticé recto, an-
tice indistincté lunulato, declivi; margine ventrali vix arcuato
(Sow. jun.).

? Tellina rugosa, Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. p. 88. pl. 57. f. 34.
Venus pullastra, Mont. Test. Brit. p. 125.
Maton & Rack. Linn. Trans. vii. 88. pl. 2. f. 7.
Dorset Cat. p. 36. pl. 1. f. 8.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 244; Dith, Brit. p. 159.
Forbes, Malac. Monens. p. 53.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 94.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 109.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. Desh. vi. 358.
Hanley, Recent Shells, p. 122.
Venus perforans, Mont. Test. Brit. p. 127. pl. 3. f. 6.
Maton & Rack. Linn. Trans. viii. 89.
Turt. Conch, Dict. p. 245.
Dillw. Recent Shells, i. 206.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 108.
Venus Senegalensis, Dillw. Recent Shells, i. 206.
Venerupis perforans, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. Desh. vi. 162. no. 1.
Turt. Dith. Brit. p. 29. pl. 2. f. 15-18.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 451.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 61.
Crouch, Introd. Conch. pl. 5. f. 5.
Hanley, Recent Shells, p. 54.
Phil. Wiegm. Arch. f. Natur. 1845, p. 190. pl. 7. f. 15-18.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 298.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 181

Venerupis nucleus, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. Desh. vi. 162.
Macgill. Edinb. New Phil. Journ. (Jameson’s) 1827, p. 370.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 5. f. 1.

Hanley, Recent Shells, p. 54.

Venus palustris, Mawe, Linn. Conch. pl. 10. f. 3.

Venerupis pullastra, Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 451.
Macgill. Moll. Aberd. p. 269

Venerupis vulgaris, Sow. Conch. Man. f. 97.

Venus vulgaris, Brod. Penny Cyclop. xxvi. 211.

Pullastra vulgaris, Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. p. 89. pl. 37. f. 7.

Pullastra perforans, Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. pl. 37. f. 10.

Venus plagia, var., Jeffreys, Ann. Nat. Hist. xix. 313.

Tapes pullastra, Forbes § Hanley, Brit. Moll. p. 383. pl. 25.

f. 2, 3, et animal, pl. L. f.5 & 5 a.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 693. pl. 149. f. 85, 86.

Hab. Oceanus Europzeus et Senegalensis.

59. TAPES INTUSPUNCTATA.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, subelliptica, striis mcrementi, striisque
longitudinalibus exilissimis sculpta, luteo-albida, lineis pallide
ferrugineis subreticulata; lunula ovato-oblonga; ligamento
profundato ; pagina interna disco crocea, punctis excavatis
nsigni.

Venus intuspunctata, Anton, Verz. p. 8. no. 288.

Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 110. pl. 5. f. 7.

Hab. 2

60. TAPES VIOLASCENS.

T. testa ovato-angusta, transversa, valde inequilaterali, subrhom-
bea, depressa, margine superiore et inferiore parallelis ; latere
antico brevi, obliqué declivi, postico obliqué truncato ; extrin-
secus longitudinaliter striata, striis transversalibus anticé et
postice decussata ; stris longitudinalibus posticalibus, latiori-
bus, granoso-asperatis, medianis simplicibus ; lunula elongato-
lanceolata, plana, vix distincta, laevigata; cardine angusto pos-
tice violaceo; dentibus tribus subzequalibus; valvis extus
pallide violaceo-griseis albo triradiatis, intus rufo-violaceis ;
sinu palli lato.

Tapes violascens, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab.

2 Coll. Cuming.

61. TAPES JAPONICA.
T. testa ovato-transversa, angusta, turgidula, ineequilaterali, anticé

182 BIVALVE SHELLS.

angusta, obtusa, posticé subtruncata, longitudinaliter tenue
striata, striis inzequalibus, posticis et anticis latioribus, striis
transversis decussatis et granulosis; lunula vix perspicua, ovato-
lanceolata; area minima plana, levigata, valvis albo-griseis,
maculis magnis irregularibus rufis in latere postico marmoratis,
intus pallide flavidis ; sinu pallii brevi, obtuso, basi dilatato.

Tapes japonica, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Mare Japonicum. Coll. Cuming.

62. TAPES FABAGELLA. B.M.

T. testa elongato-transversa, inequilaterali, compressiuscula,
intus extusque candida, tenui, fragili, anticé breviore, obtusa,
posticé latiore, obliqué truncata ; margine superiore recto, in-
feriore arcuato ; exilissime striata, striis transversis regularibus,
in latere postico multo rarioribus, lamellosis ; umbombus par-
vis, levigatis; lunula ovato-lanceolata, vix perspicua; sinu
pallii magno, profundo, basi lato, trigono.

Tapes fabagella, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Nova Zelandia.

63. TAPES GEOGRAPHICA.

T. testa ovato-oblonga, transversa, angusta, valde imzquilaterali,
tenui, fragili, tumidula, transversim striata, striis tenuioribus
longitudinalibus decussata ; striis transversis undulatis, latere
postico latioribus, subgranosis, alba vel flava, lineis angularibus
fuscescentibus reticulatis depicta ; lumula obsoleta, ovato-lan-
ceolata.

Bonan. Recr. class. 2. f. 46.
Venus no. 47, Schrét. Finl. ii. 171.
Gmel. p. 3293. no. 133.
Venus literata, Poli, Test. des deux Siciles, ii. pl. 21. f. 12, 13.
Ulysses, Travels, p. 486.
Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 283. f. 2?
Venus geographica, Chemn. Conch. vii. 45. pl. 42. f. 440.
Dillw. Cat. i. 203. no. 104.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 102.
Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 597. no. 44.
Payr. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 51. no. 87.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iti. 1120. no. 21; Eapéd. Se. de
Moreée, p. 100. no. 50; in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 355.
Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil.i. 45; ii. 35.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 121.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 297.

ee

BIVALVE SHELLS. 183

Tapes geographica, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 692, pl. 149. f. 87-
YI.

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum.

64. TAPES GLANDINA.

T. testa oblonga, transversa, decussatim tenuiterque striata ;
albo et rufo varia ; intus umbonibus latereque antico subma-
culatis.

Venus glandina, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 358. no. 48.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 10. f. 7 a-d.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 123.
Pot. § Mich. Gal. Douai, p. 235. no. 16.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

65. TAPES ANALIS.

T. testa tumida, radiatim sulcata, transversim striata, utrinque
subgranulosa, flavescente radiis duobus interruptis, fuscis picta ;
lunula magna, ovata, concava, grisea, area angusta, profundata ;
margine dorsali utroque declivi, extremitatibus angustatis,
margine ventrali intus integerrimo.

Venus analis, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malac. 1851, p. 125.
Hab. 2

Ill. Testa longitudinaliter striata.
66. TAPES GALACTITES. B.M.

T. testa ovato-elongata, anticé subangulata, candida, subdecus-
sata; sulcis longitudinalibus emimentioribus ; dentibus cardi-
nalibus rectis.

Venus galactites, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 359. no. 52.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 123. pl. 15. f. 51.
An eadem species? Tapes galactites, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch.
p- 695. pl. 151. f. 152?

Hab. Nova Hollandia et Nova Zelandia.

67. Tares BRUGUIERI. B.M.

T. testa oblonga, subrhomboidea, griseo-fulva, ad umbones vio-
lacea vel fulva, albo biradiata, maculis fuscis radiis marginatis ;
longitudinaliter tenue costellata, costellis in medio simplicibus,
planulatis, postice latioribus, subserratis, anticé decussatis ; la-
tere antico brevi, postico oblongo, subangulato, truncato ; mar-
gine dorsali et margine ventrali rectis, parallelis.

184 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus, Encycl. Méth. pl. 283. f. 4.
Venus Bruguieri, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845, p. 21 ; in Wood,
Ind. Suppl. pl. 15. f. 59.
oa CT Bruguieri, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 696. pl. 151. f. 130,
31.

Hab. Ceylon.

68. TAPES CINEREA.

T. testa ovato-transversa, inzquilaterali, depressa, extremitatibus
obtusa, grisea, maculis fuscis albo subarticulatis, in latere pos-
tico radium unicum formantibus; longitudinaliter et inaequa-
liter striata; striis in medio depressis, simplicibus, antic? pos-
ticéque crassioribus, striis transversis brevibus, decussatis ;
umbonibus minimis, obliquis, posticé granulosis, acutis, approx-
imatis; lunula angusta, lanceolata, in medio concaviuscula ;
valvis intus squalide lutescentibus; sinu pallii lato, brevi, ob-
tusissimo.

Tapes cinerea, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Hab. 2? Coll. Cuming.
IV. Testa corrugata.
69. TAPES DACTYLOIDES. B.M.

T. testa ovato-transversa, angusta, ventricosa, utraque extremi-
tate rotundata, margine superiore inferiori parallelo, albo-cre-
tacea vel flavicante, intus posticé fuscescente, transversim irre-
gulariter corrugata, rugis distantibus disruptis.

Tapes dactyloides, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 691. pl. 150. f. 129.
Hab. Senegambia.

70. TAPES OBSOLETA. B.M.

T. testa ovato-transversa, ineequilaterali, depressiuscula, transver-
sim ineequaliter striata, striis undulatis irregulariter impressis,
posticé eminentioribus ; striis longitudinalibus exilissimis de-
cussata; latere antico brevi, obtuso; albo-flavescente, vel
grisea aliquantisper flavo nebulata intus alba im _plerisque,
latere postico violaceo.

Venus obsoleta, Chemn. Conch. vii. 50. pl. 42. f. 444.
Dillw. Cat. i. 205. no. 107.

Venus no. 49, Schrét. Einl. ii. 172.

Venus corrugata, Gmel. p. 3280. no. 52.
(pro var. 2), Lamk. An. s. Vert. y. 594. no. 34.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 185

Venus corrugata, Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 351.
Hanley (pro var. 2), Deser. Cat. p. 120.
Tapes corrugata, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 691. pl. 150. f. 121, 122.

Hab. Mare Senegalense ; Caput Bonz Spei.

71. Tares CuMINGII. B.M.

T. testa elongata, compressa, grisescente, fusco posticé virgulata,
anticé imterruptim radiata, posticé elongata, gradatim angus-
tata, ad terminum acuminata, antice brevi, rotundata, paulu-
lum ascendente, omnino minuté divaricatim striata.

Tapes Cumingii, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 690. pl. 150. f. 128.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses.

72. TAPES CORRUGATA. B.M.

T. testa ovata, exalbida; rugis transversis undatis inequalibus ;
striis longitudinalibus exiguis rugas decussantibus ; ano ob-
longo.

Var. Testa albida, intus flava ; lateribus violaceo maculatis ; ano
violascente.

Venus corrugata, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 351. no. 34.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 120.

Hab. 2

73. TAPES DISRUPTA.

T. testa ovato-transversa, posticé latiore, subtruncata, anticé
brevi, subacuminata, marge superiori recto, inferior arcuato ;
albo-flavescente, varie picta; transversim rugata, rugis antice
valde disruptis, angulatis, posticé magnis, laminatis.

Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 691. pl. 149. f. 95.

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum ? (Sow.); an potius littus Senega-
lenses ? ;

Species dubie.
74. TAPES CATENIFERA.

T. testa ovata, transversim sulcata, albida, radiis quatuor fuscis
catenulatis ornata ; ano impresso, subcordato.

Venus catenifera, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 366. no. 70.
An eadem species? Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 686. pl. 149.
PelOGs LOZ O7%

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum.

186 BIVALVE SHELLS.

75. TAPES GRISEA.

T. testa ovata, transversa, extus grisea, intus violaceo maculata,
decussata ; sulcis longitudinalibus eminentioribus ; ano ovali.

Venus grisea, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 346. no. 19.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 114.

Hab. ?

76. TAPES LATERISULCA.

T. testa subcordata, rubella albido-maculosa ; sulcis transversis,
medio obsoletis, substriatis; pube rufo maculata; ano ovali-
oblongo.

Venus laterisulea, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 261. no. 60.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 123.

An eadem species? Tapes laterisulea, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch.
p. 686. pl. 148. f. 67-70.

Hab. ?

77. TAPES PULCHELLA.

T. testa parvula, ovali, nitida, albo rufo miniatoque variegata ;
superné transversim suleata ; umbonibus levibus.

Venus pulchella, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 366. no. 72.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 125; Wood, Suppl. pl. 13. f. 39.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 19. f. 9. a, b.

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum.

78. TAPES TRUNCATA.

T. testa ovata, albido-fulva, fusco, czerulescente varia, subdecus-
sata; sulcis longitudinalibus emimentioribus; antico latere
latiore subtruncato.

Venus truncata, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 358. no. 49.

Venus subtruncata, Pot. § Mich. Gal. Douai, p. 238. no. 33.

Hab. 2

Genus 13*, SAXIDOMUS.

Animal ignotum.

Testa ovato-transversa, subsequilateralis, turgida, solida, creta-
cea vel squalide grisea; umbonibus tumidiusculis, lunula areaque
nullis ; cardo crassus, angustus, in utraque valva tri- seu quadri-
dentatus, dentibus inzqualibus, angustis, duobus anterioribus
prominentioribus, secundo bifido; impressiones musculares

ee

BIVALVE SHELLS. 187
.
maxime, ovato-rotunde, subequales; sinus pallii magnus, elon-
gatus, horizontalis ; ligamentum -externum crassissimum, elon-
gatum, semi-cylindraceum.

Venus (spec.), Sow. (1835) Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 42.
D’ Orb. (1839) Pal. Amér. Meérid. p. 160.
Jonas (1844), Moll. Beitr. p. 14.

Philippi (1846), Abdild. Conch. 1.

Venerupis (spec.), Deshayes (1839), Mag. de Zool.
Grewingk (1848), Verh. Kais, Russ. &c. p. 351.
Middendorf (1849), Malac. Ross. p. 567.

Tapes (spec.), Sowerby (1852), Thes. Conch.

Saxidomus, Conrad (1837), Journ. Nat. Sci. Phil.
Jay (1839 & 1851), Cat. Shells.

SYNOPSIS SPECIERUM.
I. Species levigate, 1-6.
II. Species sulcatze, 7, 8.

I. Species levigate.
1. SAXIDOMUS MAXIMUS.

S. testa maxima, ponderosissima, oblongo-ovata, utrmque trun-
cato-rotundata, transversim sulcata, lutescente ; apicibus ad
longitudinis sitis ; area lunulaque nullis; ligamento maximo,
prominente ; cardine tridentato ; pagina interna alba, postice
violaceo-suffusa; margine integerrimo.

Venus maxima, Anton, in Phil. Abbild. Conch. ii. pl. 6. f. 1.

hn

Tapes maxima, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 692. pl. 150. f. 127.
Hab. Nova Hollandia, ad Portum Lowe dictum.

9. SAXIDOMUS GIGANTEUS.

S. testa ovato-oblonga, ineequilaterali, subcordiformi, transversim
striato-rugosa, postice hiante et subtruncata, cardine eroso,
nymphis magnis porrectis, marginibus integris.

Venerupis gigantea, Desh. Rev. Zool. Soc. Cuv. 1839, p. 359 ;
Mag. Zool. Guérin, Moll. pl. 43 (1841).

Pullastra gigantea, Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 41.

Hab. Mare Californiense.

3. SAXIDOMUS OPACUS. B.M.

S. testa oblonga, subquadrata, turgida, concentricé substriata,
opaca, albida, pallidissime purpurascente ; latere buccali bre-

188 BIVALVE SHELLS.
viore rotundato, angustato, concentricé ruguloso ; latere anali
truncato; labris integris; ligamento permagno (Sow.).
Venus opaca, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 42.
D’ Orb. Pal. Amér. Mérid. p. 160; Voy. en Amér. Moll. p.560.
Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 15. f. 54.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 128.
V. expallescens, Phil. Abbild. Conch. pl. 3. f. 5.
Tapes opaca, Sow. Thes. Conch. p. 691. pl. 150. f. 123.
Venus lithoida, Jonas, Moll. Beitr. p. 14. pl. 8. f. 6.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. ii. pl. 4. f. 1.

Hab. Mare Chilense.

4. Saxipomus NuTTALLI. B.M.

S. testa ovato-transversa, subequilaterali, tumida, crassa, solida,
extremitatibus obtusa, anguste hiante; umbonibus tumidis,
approximatis, oppositis, rugis transversis inaqualibus, posticé
crassioribus ; valvis extus colore lapideo squalidé flavis, intus
albis vel pallide luteis, posticé ad marginem violaceis; sinu
pallii lato, profundoque, horizontali, lateribus parallelis.

Saxidomus Nuttalli, Conrad, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil. 1837.
Hanley, in Wood, Suppl. pl. 16. f. 162 (non Conrad).

Hab. California.

5. SAXIDOMUS SQUALIDUS. B.M.

S. testa ovata, transversa, tumida, inzequilaterali, anticé obtusa,
posticé latiore obtusé truncata, irregulariter transversim sub-
striata, squalidé flavo-grisea, lunula areaque nullis ; umbonibus
parvis, oppositis, approximatis; valvis intus albis; cardine
subquadridentato, sinu palli profundissimo, basi lato, apice
obtusissimo.

Tapes lithoida, Sow. jun. (non Jonas) Thes. Conch. p. 692.
pl. 150. f. 126.
Junior. Venus expallescens, Phil. Abbild. Conch. i. pl. 3. f. 5.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 744. pl. 163. f. 161, 162.

Hab. Prope Copiapo Chiliensem.

6. SAXIDOMUS PURPURATUS.

S. testa ovali, subcompressa, albo-grisea, intus purpurea, irregu-
lariter et subundulatim concentricé rugata; latere postico lon-
giore, obtusé subtruncato ; latere antico brevi rotundato ; den-
tibus cardinalibus inzequalibus, majore postico in valva dextra,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 189

mediano in sinistra; sinu pallii elongato, trigono, basi lato,
apice subtruncato.

Tapes purpurata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 692. pl. 150. f. 124,
125. °

Hab. India loco Kurachée dicto.

II. Species sulcate.

7. SAxipomus Peritt.

S. testa ovato-globosa, cordiformi, albo-grisea, longitudinaliter
tenue costata; stria costis mterposita, cardine merassato ;
dente mediano bifido, marginibus subcrenatis.

Venerupis Petiti, Desh. Mag. Guérin, 1841, Moll. pl. 39; Revue
Zool. Soc. Cuv. 1839, p. 359.
Grewingk, Verh. Kais. Russ. Min. Gesells. Petersb. 1848-
1849, p. 35]. pl. 5. f. 2, &e.
Middendorf, Malac. Ross. p. 567. pl. 17. f. 11-13,
Tapes diversa, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. ‘

Hab. California.

8. SAXIDOMUS DECUSssaTUS, Desh. B.M.

S. testa ovata, transversa, turgida, subcordiformi, inzequilaterali,
squalide grisea, sulcis longitudinalibus transversisque minutis,
regulariter decussato-granosa ; sulcis transversis in fornice et
in medio evanescentibus; lunula vix perspicua, excavata,
striata ; valvis intus albo-griseis ; cardine inequaliter triden-
tato, dente mediano bifido ; sinu pallii brevi, lato, semielliptico.

Hab. Mare Peruvianum.

Genus 14. VENERUPIS.

Animal ovato-transversum, turgidulum vel lateraliter compres-
sum ; pallium tenue, anticé infernéque apertum, posticé clausum
longitudinis m tertia parte; tracheee longa, imequales, a basi
usque in medio junctee lateraliter compress ; trachea branchiali
latiore, in margine tentaculis arborescentibus aliisque simplicibus
alternatis coronata; trachea anali valvula conica terminata et in
margine tentaculis brevibus numerosis cylindraceis munita ; ap-
pendices labiales parvulze, triangulares. Pes minimus, conicus,
linguiformis et byssifer. Branchiz ineequales, subquadrangu-
lares, posticé conjunctze.

Testa ovato-transversa vel subglobosa, inzequilateralis, posticé
parumper hians. Cardo angustus, tridentatus, in altera valva

190 BIVALVE SHELLS.

bidentatus ; dentibus minimis, approximatis vix divergentibus ;
ligamentum externum. Impressiones musculares magne, ovato-
semilunares ; impressio pallii posticé sinuosa ; sinus latus, parum
profundus, subtrigonus, horizontalis. :

Concha trifidos, Gualtieri (1742), Ind. Test. pl. 95. f. A.
Donax, Linn. (1758) Syst. Nat. ed. 10, p. 682; (1767) ed. 12.
». 1128.
Gronovius (1781), Zooph. Gronov. p. 268.
Chemnitz (1782), Conch. vi. 271.
Cuneus, Da Costa (1778), Conch. Brit. p. 204.
Venus, Chemnitz (1784), Conch. vii. 50; (1788) x. 357.
Gmelin (1788), p. 3269. no. 147.
Schroter (1783), Einl. ni. 173.
Brocchi (1814), Conch. Foss. Subap. ii. 559.
Cortesi (1819), Saggi Geol. p. 40.
Venus saxatilis, Fleurian de Bellevue (1802), Mém. sur les Moll.
Perfor. p. 4.
Rupellaria, Renieri (1807), Tavole di Regni Anim. t. 7 (non
Bellevue).
Brocchi (1814), Conch. Foss. Subap. ii. 546. no. 9, 24, 25
(non Bellevue).
Turton (1822), Dithyr. Brit.
Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 184.
Venerirupis, Sowerby, jun. (1839) Conch. Man. p. 113.
Veroni (1846), Cat. An. Everteb. p. 13.
Venerupes, Swainson (1842), Malac. Mon. p. 376.

Synopsis SPECIERUM.
I. Species lamellosz.
a. Levigate, 1, 2.
b. Longitudinaliter striate, 3-13.

IL. Species striate vel decussate, 14-19.

I. Species lamellose.
a. Levigate.

1. VenERUPIS CoRDIERI.

V. testa ovato-transversa, inequilaterali, inflato-cylindracea
transversim eleganter lamellosa; lamellis posticé latis, por-
rectis, in medio attenuatis, anticé evanescentibus; cardine
lato, bidentato; marginibus integris, acutis.

.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 191

Petricola Cordieri, Desh. Rev. Zool. Soc. Cuv. 1839, p- 358 ;
Mag. de Zool. pl. 18.

Var. 8. Notabilis. Testa ad latus inferum depressissima, compla-
nata, in medio valvarum angulata; angulo pagmam sub-
planam, sub-trapezoidalem, circumscribente.

Hab. California. Varietas in Museo Cumingiano.

2. VENERUPIS ELLIPTICA.

V. testa ovato-elliptica, rufescenti-albida; radiatim costata, pos-
tice levi; lamellis concentricis distantibus, in medio evanes-
centibus, posticé eminentioribus, erectis ; valvis intus in medio
albo-flavis, extremitatibus violaceis ; sinu pallu angusto, acuto,
elongato.

Petricola elliptica, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p- 46.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 53.
D?Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 549. no. 565.
Miller, Synop. Moll. p. 227. no. 1.

Hab. Peru.

b. Longitudinaliter striate.

3. VENERUPIS EXOTICA.

V.testa ovali-oblonga, extremitatibus obtusa, albo-grisea, lamellis
transversis distantibus cincta; interstitiis longitudinaliter stri-
atis, localiter subdecussatis ; cardine utroque tridentato, den-
tibus minimis posticis bifidis ; parallelis.

Venerupis exotica, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 163.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 54 ; in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl.9. f. 29.

Pullastra exotica, Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 41. no. 7.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

4, VENERUPIS SOLIDA.

V. testa subgloboso-elliptica, pallescente, umbonibus extremita-
tibusque ambabus fusco-violaceis; radiatim costata, posticé
levigata ; lineis incrementi nonnunquam sublamellosis, posticé
magis eminentibus.

Petricola solida, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 46.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 54.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 548. no. 561,
Miiller, Syn. Moll. p. 227. no. 3.

Hab. Peru.

192 BIVALVE SHELLS.

5, VENERUPIS OBLONGA.

V. testa oblongo-elliptica, inaquilaterali, pallescente ; radiatim
costellata; linea dorsali postica, rectiuscula; lamellis concen-
tricis pluribus, erectis, leevigatis, postice eminentioribus; lunula
ovato-cordata, stria profunda cireumscripta; cardine lato, dente
antico valvule sinistree compresso, valde prominente; sinu
pallii profundo, triangulari, apice acuminato.

Petricola oblonga, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 46.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 53.
D’ Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 549. no. 566.
Miiller, Syn. Moll. p. 227. no. 2.

Hab. Peru.

6. VENERUPIS CRENATA. BM.

V. testa ovato-transversa, utrinque obtusa, inaquilaterali, alba,
rubro-violascente posticé maculata, longitudinaliter densé
tenuicostata, transversim lamellosa, lamellis ad apices brevibus,
ad margines latioribus crenulatis; dentibus cardinalibus inze-
qualibus ; valvis posticé intus violascentibus.

Venerupis crenata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 508.

Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 164.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 5. f. 2.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 55; ta Wood, Suppl. pl. 12. f. 58,

Pullastra crenata, Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 41. no. 4.

Cypricardia serrata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 5.

Hab. Mare Nove Hollandiz.

7. VENERUPIS CARDITOIDES. B.M.
V. testa ovato-oblonga, ineequilaterali, albo-grisea, extremitatibus
obtusa, anticé angustiore, posticé longiore, subtruncata, longi-
tudinaliter costata, transversim lamellosa; lamellis distantibus
posticé latioribus.
Venerupis carditoides, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 508. no. 7.
Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 164. no. 7.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 5. f. 3.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 55.
Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 45. no. 257.
Pullastra carditoides, Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 41. no. 3.

Hab. Mare Nove Hollandiz.

8. VENERUPIS FOLIACEA, Desh. B.M.
V. testa ovato-subquadrata, valde inaequilaterali, compressiuscula,

=e

————————— ee...) lee

BIVALVE SHELLS, 193

anticé brevissima, postice late truncata, margime superiore
inferiori parallelo grisea, longitudinaliter costellata, transversim
et distanter lamellosa; lamellis erectis, tenuibus, latis, in latere
postico angulum rectum formantibus; lunula elongata, angusta,
uregulariter circumdata ; valvis intus violaceis, in medio flavo-
rubescentibus, marginibus in medio subcrenulatis; sinu pallii
trigono, profundo, apice acuto.

Hab. Mazatlan.

9. VENERUPIS MACROPHYLLA, Desh. B.M.

V. testa ovato-transversa, tenui, depressa, ineequilaterali, anticé
obtusa, brevi, posticé latiore, truncata, candidissima, tenuissime
longitudinaliter striata, lamellis tenuibus, erectis, posticé latis-
simis et contortis cincta ; striis planulatis ; lamellis ad margi-
nem contortis, plicatis, subcrenulatis; valvis intus albis, cardine
lato, inequaliter tridentato, dente mediano bifido ; sinu_ pallii
angusto, trigono, apice obtusiusculo, obliqué parum ascendente.

Hab. Insule Philippinenses.

10. VENERUPIS IRUS. B.M.

V. testa ovato-transversa, imzequilaterali, anticé breviore, angus-
tata, posticé latiore, subangulata, alba, vel luteola, aut rubes-
cente ; lamellis erectis, transversis tenue plicatis cincta, inter-
‘stitiis longitudinaliter striatis, striis tenuibus, depressis ; mar-
ginibus integris, simplicibus ; nymphis intus atro-violaceis.

Concha trifidos, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 95. f. A.

Donax Irus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 683. no. 90; ed. 12.
p- 1128. no. 111.

Chemn. Conch. vi. 271. pl. 26. f. 268-270.

Schrot. Einl. ii. 100. no. 10.

Gmel. p. 3265. no. 11.

Poli, Test. des deux Siciles, ii. 83. pl. 10. f. 1, & pl. 19. f. 22,
23.

Brug. Encycl. Méth. pl. 262. f. 4.

Donov. Brit. Shells, i. pl. 29. f. 2.

Pulteney, Dorset Cat. p. 32. pl. 12. f. 6.

Montagu, Test. Brit. p. 108 & 573.

Mat. & Rack. Linn. Trans. vii. 77.

Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 2. iv. 200. no. 6.

Dillw. Cat. i. 156. no. 21, syn. plur. exel.

Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 6. f. 21.

Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 43. no. 7.

Gerville, Cat. des Coq. de la Manche, p. 23.

194 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cuneus foliatus, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. p. 204. pl. 15. f. 6.
Tellina cornubiensis, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 89.
Petricola, Brookes, Introd. p. 64. pl. 2. f. 22.
Venerupis Irus, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 507. no. 3.
Blainv. Malae. p. 559.
Payraud. Cat. 2 Moll. de Corse, p. 35. no. 54.
Risso, Hist. Nat. Eur. Mérid. iv. 263.
Collard de Cherres, Cat. des Test. du Finist, p. 17. no. 3.
Requien, Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 17. no. 41.
Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 156. pl. 7. f.1, 2,3, & pl. G.
tae

Desh. Traité élém. de Conch. i. 503. pl. 12. f. 16-f8.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 289.
Petricola Irus, Turt. Dithyr. Brit. p. 26. no. 1. pl. 2. f. 14.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iu. 1110. no. 2; Exp. Se. de
Moree, Zool. p. 91. no. 25. t. 66. f..14-17 ; in Lamk.
An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 163, no. 3.
Philippi, Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 21; ii. 20.
Scacchi, Cat. Conch. Reg. Neap. p. 7.
Maravigna, Mém. pour serv. a l Hist. de la Sic. p. 73.
Flem. Brit. An. ed. 2. p. 451.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 54.
Pot. & Mich. Gal. des Moll. de Douai, p. 240.
Thompson, Rep. on the Fauna of Ireland, p. 262
Forbes, Rep. on the Afg. Invert. p. 143.
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 60.
Venani, Cat. degli Anim. Invert. p. 13.
Pullastra Irus, Brown, Jil. Conch. p. 89. pl. 37. f. 9.
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 41. no. 10.

Fossilis
Venerupis Irus, Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 22; ii. 20.
S. Wood, Cat. Foss. Shells from Crag, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840,
. 250.
Gath, Cat. Zool. p. 67. no. 786.
Sismonda, Syn. Ped. Foss. p. 20.
Morris, Cat. of Brit. Foss. p. 104.
Bronn, Ind. Pal. ii. 1352.
An ejusdem var.? Testa magis trigona, lamellis transversis brevi-
oribus.
Petricola lamellosa, Lamk. An. s. Vert. y. 553. no. 1.
Payraud. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 24. no. 49.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iii. 746. no. 1; in Lamk. ed. 2.
vi. 156. no. 1.
Hanley, Descr. Ca . p. 50.
Pot. & Mich. Gal. de Douai, p. 241. no. 1.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 195

Petricola lamellosa, Requien, Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p.17.no.38.
Petit, Journ. de Conch, 1851, p. 288.

Hab. Oceanus Europeus; mare Mediterraneum.

11. VENERUPIS DISTANS.

V. testa ovato-rhombea, alba, fulvo maculata, striis longitudina-
libus, tenuibus, lamellis transversis, distantibus.
Venerupis distans, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 507. no. 5.
Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 164. no. 5.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 55.
Pullastra distans, Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 41. no. 6.

Hab. Australia.

12. VENERUPIS BREVIS.

V. testa ovato-quadrangulari, valde inequilaterali, apice levi-
gata, basi fortiter plicata, transversim striata; marginibus den-
ticulatis; valvulis squalide lutescentibus, intus luteis, posticé
violaceis.

Venerupis brevis, Quoy & Gaim. Voy. de I’ Astrol. iii. 534. pl. 84.
f. 21-23.

Hab. Terra Van Diemenensis in portu Hobart-town dicto.

13. VENERUPIS DIEMENENSIS. B.M.

V. testa subtrigona, inflata, crassa, transversim obsoleté striata,
longitudinaliter plicata ; fusco-lutescente, intus violacea.

Venerupis diemenensis, Quoy § Gaim. Voy. del Astrol. iii. 535.
pl. 84. f. 24-26.

Hab. Terra Van Diemenensis in portu Hobart-town.

II. Species striate vel decussate.

14. VENERUPIS TEXTA, Desh. B.M.

V. testa ovato-transversa, regulariter elliptica, turgidula, tenuis-
sima, hyalina, fragili, inzequilaterali, squalide alba,striis tenuibus
obliquis decussatis texta; umbonibus tumidis, depressis, parum
obliquis, oppositis ; lunula ovata, depressiuscula ; cardine den-
tibus tribus inzequalibus, parvis; valvis intus albis; sinu pallii
maximo, lato profundoque, apice late obtuso, basi vix latiore.

_ Hab. Australia.
gt

196 BIVALVE SHELLS.

15. VENERUPIS CORRUGATA, Desh. BM.

V. testa ovato-transversa, irregulari, compressa, inaquilaterali,
albo-flavescente vel grisea, anticé obtusa, posticé latiore, obli-
qué truncata, transversim profundé et irregulariter corrugata,
incisa; posticé rugis transversalibus, in medio anticeque
flexuosis angulosis, lituratis ; valvis intus albis, in latere pos-
tico intense violaceis ; sinu pallii magno, lato, profundo, apice
obtusissimo ; cardine angusto, dentibus tribus subaqualibus,
minimis, parallelis.

Var. 8. Monstrosa; testa elongato-angusta, posticé angustata,
subrostrata.

Hab. Africa orientalis.

16. VENERUPIS INTERJECTA, Desh. B.M.

V. testa transversa, quadrangulari-ovata, valde ineequilaterali,
anticé obtusissima, brevissima, posticé latiore, perpendiculariter
truncata, alba, transversé imeequaliter striata; striis majoribus
distantibus sublamellosis, alteris exilioribus interjectis; latere
superiore recto, inferiore leviter arcuato, inter se parallelis ;
valvis intus candidis ; cardine tridentato, dente mediano bifido ;
sinu pallii trigono, brevi, angulato, zquilaterali.

Hab. Nova Hollandia, ad Flumen Cygnorum.

17. VENERUPIS TENUISTRIATA.

V. testa ovata, transversa, equivalvi, inequilaterali, alba, striis
radiantibus tenuibus undulatis, sulcis merementi distantibus
decussatis, concinné sculpta; lateribus rotundatis, margmibus
dorsali et ventrali parallelis leviterque arcuatis; lunula nulla,
ligamento longo, prominente, umbonibus parvis, acutis; cardine
utriusque valve dentibus tribus compressis; impressionibus
musculorum magnis, rotundis; sinu palliari lato, profundo,
semilunari.

Venerupis tenuistriata, Jonas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1846, p. 35.
Hab. Singapore (Jonas).

18. VENERUFIS SUBDECUSSATA, Desh. B.M.

V. testa regulariter ovata, oblonga, depressa, inaequilaterali, anticé
obtusa, albo-grisea, posticé squalide violascente, longitudinaliter
costellata, striis costellisve imcrementi subdecussata; lunula
inconspicua ; area ligamenti angusta, brevi, profundé exfossa ;
valvis tenuibus, intus albis vel luteolis, posticé violaceo macu-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 197

latis ; dentibus obliquis, inflexis, inaequalibus ; sinu pallii pro-
fundo, triangulari, linea inferiore longiore.

Hab. Terra Diemenensis.

19. VENERUPIS MONSTROSA.

V. testa ovato-transversa, subzequilaterali, tumida, ineequivalvi,
albo-grisea, intus flava, violaceo maculata, transversim densis-
sime striato-lamellosa, striis longitudinalibus crispata ; valva
dextra, sinistram superante tam ad cardinem quam postice.

Venus monstrosa, Chemn. Conch. vii. 50. pl. 42. f. 445, 446.
Gmel. p. 3280. no. 53.
Dillw. Cat. i. 208. no. 113.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 112.
Venus no. 50, Schrét. Einl. iii. 173.
Corbula, Brug. Encycl. Méth. pl. 230. f. 2 (copiée de Chemnitz).
Venerupis monstrosa, Gray, Ann. Phil. p. 25.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p- 55.

Hab. Insule Nicobarice ; insula Philippinenses.

Genus 15. CLEMENTIA.

Animal ovatum,ecrassum; pallium tenue, infra liberum, simplex ;
trachee longee, cylindracez, conjunctz ; pes quadratus. Dosini«
affinis ?

Testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, equivalvis, inequilateralis,
candida, tenuis. Cardo dentibus in valva sinistra uno erecto an-
tico, duobus obliquis laminatis posticis ; in valva dextra duobus
erectis anticis, uno bifido laminato postico ; impressiones muscu-
lares due, distantes, subcirculares ; impressio_pallii postice late
profundeque sinuosa; sinus subtriangularis, ad umbones fere
perpendiculariter ascendens.

Mactra? sp., Chemn. (1795) Conch. Cab. ii. 219.

Venus, Gray (1828) in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 2. f. 8.

Clementia, Gray (1840), Syn. B. Mus.; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847,
p. 184.

1. CLEMENTIA PAPYRACEA. B.M.

©. testa oblongo-ovata, tenuissima, transversim undulata, pree-
sertim versus apices, lactea ; margine dorsali postico rectilineo ;
extremitate utraque rotundata, postica anticam bis quante ;
lunula cordato-lanceolata, plana, areaque lanceolata, impressis,
haud circumscriptis ; cardine utrinque tridentato; fovea tri-
angulari, margini parallela im utraque valva, sub lunula.

198 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus papyracea, Gray, Ann. Phil. 25.
Gray in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 2. f. 8.
Clementia papyracea, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, p. 184.
Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 700. pl. 151. f. 155.
Venus hyalina, Phil. Abbild. und Beschr. p. 39. pl. 10. f. 6.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

2. CLEMENTIA SIMILIS.

C. testa subrhomboidea, alba, minute sulcis obliqué decussatis
granulata (Sow. jun.).

Clementia similis, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 700. pl. 151. f. 154.
Hab. ?

3. CLEMENTIA GRANULIFERA.

C. testa parva, Cl. papyraceze simili, sed rectiuscula, anticé pau-
lulum subtruncata, posticé haud tantum attenuata (Sow. jun.).

Clementia granulifera, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 700. pl. 151.
f, 156.

Hab. Insule Philippimenses, in insula Zebu dicta.

4. CLEMENTIA? VITREA.

C. testa cordata, candida, diaphana, fragilissima, transversim
striata, plicata, rugosa, vulva intrusa, lanceolata, ano ovali-
oblongo.

Mactrea vitrea, Chemn. Conch. Cab. xi. 219. pl. 200. f. 1959, 1960
(non Gray).

Hab. Littus Coromandeliense ; insula Ceylon (Chemnitz).

Fam. 2. Cyprinidae.

Animal ovatum, crassum; pallium tenue, anticé mfernéque
simplex et apertum, posticé clausum, ciliatum, in tracheis binis
terminatum ; trachea branchialis brevis, lata, compressa, in mar-
gine ciliata; trachea analis angustior, conica, apice cilis bre-
vibus coronata ; labiz buccales elongate, triangulares, anguste ;
pes magnus, compressus, linguiformis, margine inferiore denti-
culatus ; branchia magne, quadrangulares, ineequales, oblique
plicatee et tenné striate, posticé conjunctee.

Testa aquivalvis, ineequilateralis, subcordiformis, epidermide
nitida induta; tres dentes cardinales inequales, divaricati, in
utraque valva. Dens lateralis a cardine remotus in postico latere.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 199

\
Nymphe magne, arcuate, ligamentum externum, crassum, elon-
gatum accipientes. Impressio pallii simplex, posticé paulo latior.

Veneres, pt., Férussac, Tab. Syst. p. 44 (1821).
Conche marine, pt., Lamk.
Veneracer, pt., Menke, Syn. ed. 2. p. 114.
Veneride, pt., Leach, Journ. Phys. 1819, p- 465.
Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 409.
Gray, Syn. B. M. 1842, pp. 74, 91.
Venerina, pt., Macgiil.
Veneraceze, Menke, Syn. 69.
Cycladina, pt., Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825.
Cyclas, sp., Cuv. R. A. ed. 2 (1830),
Cyprinide, pt., Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. p. 239.
Cyprinade, Gray, Ann. §& Mag. N. H. 1853.

The front hinge tooth of the left valve conical, rugose, like the
anterior lateral tooth of the genus Venus; the hinder of the
left valve thin, compressed; the central of the right valve com-
pressed; the hinder very broad, with a deep groove ; anterior
lateral tooth none; hinder of right valve compressed, separated
from the dorsal margin by a deep groove.—Gray, Ann. & Mag.
N. H. 1853.

Genus 1. CYPRINA.

(Character same as of family.)

Concha, Lister (1678), Anim. Angl. p. 173. pl. 4. f. 22.
Pectunculus, Lister (1685), Conch. pl. 272.
Da Costa (1778), Conch. Brit. p. 183.
Venus (sp.), Linn. (1767) Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1131. no. 124.
Miller (1776), Zool. Dan. Prodr. p. 246; (1788) Faun.
Suec. i. 29. pl. 28.
Fabricius (1780), Faun. Grenl. p. 411.
Montagu (1803), Test. Brit. p. 104.
Sow. (1813) Min. Conch. pl. 21.
Cardia, Olafsen (1774), Voy. en Isl. p. 96. pl. 11. f. 8.
Arctica, Schumacher (1817), Essai, p. 145. pl. 13.
Sow. jun. (1842) Conch. Man. p. 73.
Cyprina, Lamk.. (1812) Extrait du Cours, p. 107; (1818) An. s.
Vert. v. 556.

1. CyPRINA ISLANDICA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-turgida, cordata, maquilaterali, anticé rotundata,
posticé obscuré subangulata, imtus albo-cretacea, extus epi-
dermide fusco-virente, nitido, striato vestita; cardine lato.
solido; dente anteriore pyramidali, triangulari.

200 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Lister, An. Ang. e 173. pl. 4. f. 22.

Olafsen, Voy. en Islande, i. 37. no. 98. pl. 11. f. 3.

Pectunculus maximus, Lister, Conch. pl. 272. f. 108.

Venus islandica, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1131. no, 124.
Penn. Zool. Brit. iv. 205, pl. 56.

Miill. Zool. Dan. Prodr. p. 246. no. 2977; Zool. Dan. i.

107. pl. 28.

Chemn. Conch. vi. 340. pl. 32. f. 341, 342.

Fabricius, Faun. Grenl. p. 411. no. 412.

Schrét. Einl. ii. 123.

Karsten, Mus. Lesk. i. 163.

Gmel. p. 3271. no. 15.

Donov. Brit. Shells, ii. pl. 77.

Wood, Linn. Trans. vi. 166; Ind. pl. 7. f. 41.

Mont. Test. Brit. i. 114.

Mat. & Rack. Linn. Trans. viii. 83,

Dillw. Cat. i. 176. no. 42.

Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 556. no. 2.

Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 238.

Gerv. Cat. de Coq. de la Manche, p. 25.

Cuv. Reg. Anim. ed. 2. ii. 147.

Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, ii. p. 46. no. 1.
Pectunculus major, Da Costa, Conch. Brit. p. 183. pl. 14. f. 3.
Venus Bucardium, Born, Mus. p. 63. pl. 4. f. 11.
Arctica vulgaris, Schum. Nouv. Syst. p. 145. pl. 13. f. 3.
Cyprina arctica, Turt. Conch. Brit. p. 135. no. 1.

Bowd. Elem. of Conch. pt. 2. p. 11. f. 33.

Cyprina islandica, Blainv. Malac. p. 552. pl. 70 bis. f. 5.
Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 290. no. 2.
Bouch. Chantr. Cat. Coq. Boul. p. 20.

Forbes, Malac. Monens. p. 47.

Anton, Verz. der Conch. p. 10.

Jeffreys, Mar. Moll. at Oban, Conch. Mag. p. 48.

Gould, Invert. of Mass. p. 82.

Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. 90. pl. 65.

Sow. Conch. Man. p. 134. f. 116.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 95.

Kiister, Chemn. ed. 2. Ven. p. 5. pl. 1. f. 1, 2.

Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 31. no. 1.

Thomps. Rep. of the Fauna of Ireland, p. 261.

Loven, Ind. Moll. Scand. p. 38.

Macgill. Moll. of Scotland, p. 210 & 257.

Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 81.

Agassiz, Coq. Tert. p. 49. no. 1. pl. 13. f. 6, 7.

Crouch, Ill. Introd. p. 13. pl. 7. f. 2.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 20]

Cyprina islandica, Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 443. no. 510.
Cyprina vulgaris, Sow. Gen. of Shells, f. 1, 2.

Fossilis.
Nyst, Coq. Foss. Belg. p. 147. no. 101. pl. 9. f. 1.
Venus axqualis, Sow. Min. Conch. pl. 21.
Cyprina equalis, Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 39.
Agass. Coq. Tert. p. 52. no. 2. pl. 13. f. 5.
Cyprina maxima, Wood, Cat. Foss. Shells from the Crag, Aun.
Nat. Hist. vi. 249.
Cyprina angulata, Nyst, Rech. sur les Foss. Anv. p. 9. no. 34.
Cyprina Islandicoides, Nyst, loc. cit. p. 9. no. 33.
Cyprina islandica, Hisinger, Leth. Suec. Suppl. 2. p. 9.
Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. u. 31,
Russell, Essex Journ. 1. 37.
De Kay, Zool. of New York, v. 215.
Cyprina vulgaris, Morris, Cat. Brit. Foss. p. 86.

Hab. Oceanus Europeus.

Fam. 3. Glauconomide.

Animal oblongum, transversum ; pallium antice infernéque
apertum, posticé clausum et tracheis binis basi conniventibus,
prelongis, lateraliter compressis terminatum ; pes minimus, com-
pressus, oblorgus, lmguiformis ; appendices labiales late, trian-
gulares, oblongze, membranacez ;_branchiz elongate, oblong,
posticé conjunctee.— Gray, Spic. Zool. 1826.

Testa oblongo-ovalis, tenuis, ventricosa, equivalvis, ineequi-
lateralis, antice rotundata, postice subacuminata, epidermide
viridi, tenui, cornea induta ; cardo angustus ; dentibus in utra-
que valva tribus, posticis majoribus, valvee dextree medio sinistra
postico bifidis; impressiones musculares duz, antica oblonga,
marginali, postica subquadrata ; impressio pall sinu angustis-
simo, profundo terminata; ligamentum externum, oblongum.

Glauconomide, Gray, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1853.
Solenicurtes, pt., Swains. Malac. 366 (1840).

Solenacea, pt., Reeve, Conch. Syst. 1. 48.

Cyclades, pt., Potiez § Mich. Gall. de Douai, 1. 193 (1844).
Solen, sp., Linn.

Solenide, pt., Hanley, Ill. Cat. 1. 11 (1844).

This family differs from Veneride in the form and disposition
of the cardinal teeth, the union of the mantle lobes, in the fresh-
water habitation, and in being covered with a hard green peri-
ostraca, which from its external appearance seems evidently to

Qz*

202 BIVALVE SHELLS.

cover the siphons and mantle as in Myade and Solenide. It
differs from Solenide in having more teeth in the hinge, and in
the teeth being differently disposed.—Gray.

Genus 1. GLAUCONOME.

(Character same as of family.)

Solen (sp.), Linn. (1767) Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1107. no. 43.
Wood (1814), Gen. Conch. p. 132. no. 21.
Glauconome, Gray (1826), Spic. Zool. p.7 (animal); (1829) Zool.
Journ. iv. 497.
Sow. (1835) Gen. of Shells, no. 42; (1839) Zool. of Beechey’s
Voy. p. 153.
Reeve (1841), Conch. Syst. i. 48; (1845), Conch. Icon.
Deless. (1841) Rec. de Cog. pl. 19. f. 5.
Swains. (1840) Malac. p. 366.
Sow. jun. (1842) Conch. Man. p. 153.
Hanley (1843), Deser. Cat. p. 17.
Glauconomya, Bronn (1838), Leth. Geogn. p. 807.
Potiez & Mich. (1844) Gal. de Douai, u. 193.
Cytherea (sp.), Cuv. & Brongn. (1811) Géog. Min. des Env. de
Paris, pl. 2; (1822) Géol. des Env. de Paris, ed. 2. pl. 8.

1. GLAUCONOME VIRENS.

G. testa cylindraceo-oblonga, tenui, anticé rotundata, latere pos-
tico subacuminato, vix angulato.

Solen virens, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1105. no. 43.
Schrét. Einl. 11. 633. no. 11.
Gmel. p. 3226. no. 12.
Wood, Gen. Conch. p. 132. no, 21.
Diliw. Cat. i. 70. no. 31.
Glauconome virens, Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 17.
Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 9.
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 7. no. 9.

Hab. 2

2. GLAUCONOME CHINENSIS. B.M.

G. testa ovato-oblonga, subventricosa, tenui, posticé obtusa, an-
tice angulata, in utraque valva tridentata, epidermide fusco-
virescente ; intus alba.

Glauconome chinensis, Deless. Rec. de Cog. pl. 19. f. 5 a, 6.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 17.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 31; Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 1.
Sow. Gen. of Shells, no. 42.f.1, 2; Zool. of Beechey’s Voy.
p. 153; Conch. Man. p. 153. f. 64.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 2038

Glauconome chinensis, Gray, Spic. Zool. p. 6. pl. 3. f. 13.
Wood, Ind. Suppl. 2. pl. 10. f. 17.
Pot. et Mich. Cat. des Moll. de Douai, ii. 193. no. 1.

Hab. Flumina Chine.

3. GLAUCONOME RUGOSA. B.M.

G. testa elongato-oblonga, imzequilaterali, subventricosa, rugosa,
cireiter umbones plus minusve erosa, latere antico rotundato ;
epidermide peculiariter corrugata, latere postico subobsoleté
angulato, attenuato, hiante; smu palli prelongo angustissi-
moque, apice acuto.

Glauconome rugosa, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 4 a, 6; Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 19.
Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 10. f. 24.

Hab. Ad oras fluviorum in sinu Manille.

4. GLAUCONOME CORRUGATA. B.M.

G. testa elongato-transversa, subeequilaterali, antice breviore, ro-
tundata, posticé attenuata, obtuse angulata, plicis transver-
salibus in medio evanidis corrugata; umbonibus minimis
erosis, vix prominentibus ; valvis intus vivide violaceis, szepius
albo radiatis ; sinu pallii profundo, horizontali, linea inferiore
obliqué areuata.

Glauconome corrugata, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 20;
Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 6.
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 6. no. 4.
Hab. 2

5. GLAUCONOME CEREA.

G. testa oblongo-ovata, pallide straminea, subtilissimé striata.
lateribus rotundatis, postico subangulato-attenuato; valvis
tenuibus, intus lacteis ; sinu pallii profundo, trigono, basi lato ;
apice acutissimo, vix perspicuo.

Glauconome cerea, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 21 ; Conch.
Icon. pl. 1. f. 8.

Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 6. no. 2.

Hab. Flumen Gangeticum.

6. GLAUCONOME CURTA. B.M.

G. testa ovata, curta, subeequilaterali, tenui, subtilissimé striata,
ad umbones paululum erosa, lateribus rotundatis, intus czeru-

204 BIVALVE SHELLS.

leo-carneo tincta, cardine angustissimo tridentato ; dentibus
minimis compressis, apice profundé bitidis; sinu pallii brevi,
trigono, obliquo.

Glauconome curta, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 20; Conch.
Icon. pl. 1. f. 7.
Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. —? f. —?
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 6. no. 5.

Hab. In aquis dulcibus regionis Agoo dicta, Insule Luzon
Philippinarum.

7. GLAUCONOME RADIATA. B.M.

G. testa oblongo-ovata, compressiuscula, cornea; purpureo-ra-
diata ; epidermide viridescente prope marginem induta, latere
antico rotundato, postico subacuminato ; valvis tenuissimé
transversim striatis, intus violaceis ; sinu pallii profundo, an-
gusto, apice obtuso, marginibus parallelis.

Glauconome radiata, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 20; Conch.
Icon. pl. 1. f. 3.
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 6. no. 6.

Hab. Flumen San Nicolas in insula Zebu Philippinarum.

8. GLAUCONOME ANGULATA.

G. testa elongato-oblonga, striata, circiter umbones plus minusve
erosa, latere antico rotundato, postico angulato, carina obtusa
de umbonibus ad marginem decurrente; valvis tenuibus,
intus albis vel violaceis; dentibus cardinalibus compressis,
duobus medianis bifidis ; simu pallii elongato, angusto, obliquo,
marginibus suis parallelis.

Glauconome angulata, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 20 ;
Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 6.
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 6. no. 1.

Hab. Flumen Jinigaran in insula Negros Philippmarum.

9. GLAUCONOME STRAMINEA. B.M.

G. testa subelongato-ovata, sequilaterali, ventricosa, circiter um-
bones erosa, latere antico rotundato, tenue striato, postico sub-
attenuato, leviter angulato, transversim plicato ; epidermide
nitida, viridescente straminea; valvis intus albis; sinu pallii
profundissimo, angusto, acuminato.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 205

Glauconome straminea, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 20
Conch. Icon. pl. 1. f. 2.
Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 7. no. 8.

Hab. Ad oras fluviorum in sinu Manille.

10. GLAUCONOME PSAMMOTELLA.

G. testa ovato-transversa, lata, lateraliter depressa, incequilate-
rali, anticé brevi, obtusa, posticé attenuata, obtusé subangulata,
transversimn tenue et irregulariter striata; epidermide squalide
fusco induta, apicibus erosa; margine dorsali postico leviter
arcuato et declivi, valvis intus albis; sinu pallii angusto, pro-
fundo, apice obtuso, marginibus suis fere parallelis.

Glanconome Psammotella, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. ——? Coll. Cuming.

11. GLAUCONOME ROSTRALIS.

G. testa elongato-angusta, depressa, subzequilaterali, tenui, viridi,
anticé obtusa, in medio dilatata, posticé attenuata, angulata,
subrostrata; latere antico transversim irregulariter striato,
postico suleato; valvis intus albis, ad marginem fusco-rubente
pallide pictis, posticé zonula unica obliqua notatis; sinu
pallii angusto, profundissimo, leviter arcuato, lateribus suis
parallelis, apice obtuso.

Glauconome rostralis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Borneo. Coll. Cuming.

Fam. 4. Petricolade.

Animal ovato-transversum, anticé incrassatum, posticé attenu-
atum. Pallium tenue, im margine duplicatum, in marginibus
valvarum reflexum, anticé fissura brevi perforatum, tracheis binis
ineequalibus posticé termmatum ; tracheis usque ad basin sepa-
ratis. Trachea branchialis major, cylindracea, tentaculis arbores-
centibus inzequalibus alternatis coronata ; trachea analis conica,
valvula membranacea terminata et tentaculis simplicibus in mar-
gine ordimatis munita. Pes minimus, compressus, elongato-coni-
cus; appendices labiales minime, triangulares. Branchie in-
zequales, ovato-quadrangulares, obliqué plicate.

Testa ovato-transversa, tenuis, tumida, inzequilateralis, aqui-
valvis, utraque extremitate hians. Cardo angustus, in utraque
valva bidentatus ; dentes inzequales, majore bifido ; impressiones
musculares inzequales, antica ovata, submarginalis, postica cir-

206 ; BIVALVE SHELLS.

cularis ; impressio pallii antic margine remota, posticé laté pro-
fundéque sinuosa.
Petricolea, pt., Desh. Encycl. Méth. iii. tab. (1830).
Saxicavide, Swainson, Malac. p. 373 (1840).
Tellinide, pt., Gray, Syn. B. M. p. 91 (1842).
Petricolina, Agass. Nom. Zool. (1847).
D’Orb. Moll. Canar. (1837) ; Paléon. Franc.
Petricolade, Gray, Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1853, ii.
Solenacea, pt., Lamk. Phil. Zool. p. 319 (1809).
Lithophaga, pt., Lamk. Extr. du Cour. 1812; Hist. An. s. Vert.
v. 504; ed. 2. vi. 155.
Brod. Penny Encye.
Veneres, pt., Cuvier, R. A.
Tellinade, § 1, pt., Latr. Fam. Nat. R. A. (1825).
Gastrochenide, pt., Forbes § Hanley, Brit. Moll. p. 151.

Genus 1. PETRICOLA.

Testa ovata, transversa, tenuis, cardo angustus.

Tellina, Gualt. (1742) Ind. Test. pl. 77.
Schrot. (1786) Einl. iii. 18. no. 62.
Gmelin (1788), p. 3231. no. 11.
Poli (1791), Test. utr. Sicil. i. 43.
Olivi (1792), Zool. Adr. p. 101.
Wood (1814), Gen. Conch. p. 151. no. 13.
Dillw. (1817) Cat. i. 76. no. 11.
Venus, Chemn. (1784) Conch. vii. 50; (1788) Conch. x. 356, 357.
Retzius (1786), Acta Taurinens.
Schrét. (1786) Hinl. iti. 173. no. 50.
Brocchi (1814), Conch. Subap. ii. 559.
Dillw. (1817) Cat. i. 190. no. 73, & p. 208. no. 113.
Mytilus, Chemn. (1785) Conch. vii. 154.
Schrét. (1786) Ein. ui. 453.
Dillw. (1817) Cat. i. 306.
Corbula (sp.), Brug. (1797) Encycl. Meéth. pl. 230. f. 2.
Rupellaria, Fleurian de Bellevue (1802), Mém. sur les Moll.
Lithoph. p. 3.
Roissy (1805), Buff. Moll. vi. 440.
Mya, Mont. (1807) Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 20. pl. 28. f. 1.
Rupicola, Lamarck (1812), Extr. du Cours, p. 108.
Donax (sp.), Broechi (1814), Conch. Subap. 11. 515.
Gastrana 8, Schumacher (1817), Essai, p. 132.
Venerupis (sp.) (Vener. monstrosa), Hanley (1843), Deser. Cat.
p. 55.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 207

Choristodon, Jonas (1844), Molluskol. Beitr. p. 1.

Petricola, Lamarck (1801), Syst. des An, s. Vert. p. 121; (1809),
Phil. Zool. i. 319; (1812), Extr. du Cours, p. 108; (1818), An.
s. Vert. v. 502.

Ly

Roissy (1805), Buff. vi. 440.

Renier (1807), Tav. di Regn. Anim. tav. 7.

Cuvier (1817), Regne An. ui. 485.

Férussac (1822), Tab. Syst. p. 44.

Sowerby (1823), Genera of Shells, no. 15.

Deshayes (1824), Foss. de Paris, i. 66; (1832), Exp. Sc.
de Morée, Zool. p. 91; (1835), in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 155 ;
(1841), Mag. de Zool. pl. 18-20.

Rang (1829), Man. des Moll. p. 320.

Menke (1830), Syn. Moll. p. 117.

Gray (1834), Griff. An. Kingd. p. 117; (1847), Proc. Zool.
Soc. p. 184; Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1853, x1.

Sowerby, jun. (1834), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 46.

D’ Orbigny (1835-40), Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 547.

Philippi (1836), Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 21.

Delessert (1841), Rec. de Coq. pl. 4. f. 10-14.

Gould (1841), Rep. Inv. Mass. p. 63.

Hanley (1843), Deser. Cat. p. 51.

SYNOPSIS SPECIERUM.
Testa ovata, l, 2.

II. Testa subtrigona.

a. Levigote, 3-6.
b. Striate, 7-12.

III. Testa elongato-transversa, Pholadiformis, 13-25.

Species dubia, 26, 27.

I. Testa ovata.

1. PeTRICOLA MIRABILIS.
P. testa ovato-transversa, subquadrata, ventricosiuscula, utraque

extremitate obtusa, albo-grisea subcretacea, tenuissimé et
densé longitudinaliter striata ; striis undulatis, anticé posticé-
que divaricatim profundé angulatis zigzagformibus, striis in-
crementi irregularibus interruptis ; lunula areaque nullis ; um-
bonibus tumidulis; margine superiori inferiore parallelo ;
valvis intus albis ; simu palli trigono, apice obtuso, basi lato.

Petricola mirabilis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Hab. California. Coll. Cuming.

208 BIVALVE SHELLS.

2. PETRICOLA SUBGLOBOSA.

P. testa subglobosa, costulis longitudinalibus decussatis, postice
distantioribus et altioribus ornata, latere antico rotundato,
postico subtruncato.

Petricola subglobosa, Sow. Genera of Shells, no. 15. f. 6.

Catlow, Cat. p. 19. no. 24.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. p. 74. pl. 91. f. 6.

Hab. ——?

Il. Testa subtrigona.
a. Levigate.
3. PETRICOLA CALIFORNICA.
P. testa ovato-oblonga, ineequilaterali, arcuata, anticé subtrun-

cata, posticé attenuata, inflato-subcylindracea; cardine an-
gusto, bidentato, altero unidentato.

Saxicava Californica, Conrad, Journ. Acad. Nat. Se. vii. pl. 20.
f.9 (1837); Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. newseries,i. pt.3.p.213.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 51; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 12. f. 54.
Petricola arcuata, Desh. Rev. Zool. Cuv. 1839, p. 358; Mag. de
Zool. 1840, pl. 19.

Hab. Sinus Californiensis.

4. PETRICOLA GIBBA.

P. testa alba, transversim ovato-oblonga, valde inzequilaterali,
arcuata, inflata, subcylindracea, antice brevissima, posticé at-
tenuata, subrostrata, area postica obsoleté radiatim striata ; car-
dine angusto, bidentato, altero unidentato ; dentibus obsoletis.

Petricola gibba, Middend. Malac. Ross. pt.3. p.57. pl. 18. f. 5, 6, 7.
Hab. Insula Sitka (Eschscholiz).

5. PETRICOLA CYLINDRACEA.

P. testa ovato-transversa, imequilaterali, globoso-cylindracea,
aliquando abrupte truncata, rufo-brisea, transversim irregula-
riter striata, intus alba; cardine bidentato, altero unidentato ;
dentibus obliquis.

Petricola cylindracea, Desh. Rev. Zool. Soc. Cuv. 1839, p. 358 ;
Mag. de Zool. pl. 20 (1840).
Conrad, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. new ser. i. pt. 3. p. 213.
An Saxicava carditoides, Conrad, Journ. Acad. Nat. Se. Philad.
vii. 255. pl. 10. f. 8?
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 51; in Wood, Suppl. pl. 12. f. 53?

Hab. California.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 209

6. PETRICOLA SEMILAMELLATA.

P. testa tenui, alba, trigona; sulcis transversis remotiusculis ;
superioribus lamellosis ; interstitiis longitudinaliter striatis.

Petricola semilamellata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 503. no. 3.
Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 159. no. 3.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 4. f. 10 a, b.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 52; in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 11. f. 41.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 283.

Hab. Rochelle.
b. Striate.

7. PETRICOLA LITHOPHAGA. B.M.

P. testa ovato-trigona, anticé turgida, posticé attenuata, hiante
utraque extremitate, alba, tenui, fragili, longitudinaliter striata;
striis anticé tenuibus, posticé crassioribus et distantioribus.

Venus lithophaga, Retzius, Act. Taur. 1786, 1787, Add. p.11.f.1,2.

Tellina, Poli, Test. des deux Siciles, i. pl. 7. f. 14, 15.

Mya decussata, Mont. Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 20. pl. 28. f. 1.
Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 102.

Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 466.

Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. p. 41.

Wood, Gen. Conch. p. 99; Ind. Test. pl. 2. f. 17.
Dillw. Cat. i. 46.

Petricola striata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. y. 504. no. 5.
Payraud. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 35. no. 51.
Collard de Cherres, Test. du Finist. p. 17.

Bouchard, Moll. de Boulonnais, p. 16.

Desh. in Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 158. no. 5,
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 4. f. 11.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 52.

Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 11. f. 42.

Potiez & Mich. Gal. de Douai, ii. 241. no. 4.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 289.

Petricola costellata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. no. 6.
Payraud. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, no. 52.
Desh. in Lamk. no. 6.

Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 4. f. 12.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 52.

Wood, Ind. Suppl. 2. pl. 11. f. 43.

Requien, Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 17. no. 39.

Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 289.
Petricole costellée, Chenu, Traité élém. p. 200. f. 59.
Petricola Roccellaria, Lamk. loc. cit. no. 7.

Payraud. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 35. no. 53.

Desh. in Lamk. no. 7 ; Traité élém. i. 495. pl. 12. f. 7.

ARS

210 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Petricola Roccellaria, Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 4. f. 13.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 52.

Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 11. f. 44.

Sow. jun. Conch. Man. f. 91.

Potiez et Mich. Gal. de Douai, ii. 241. no. 3.

Requien, Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 17. no. 40.

Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 289.
Ruperelle striée, Fleurian de Bellevue, Mém. sur les Moll. Lithop. |

Petziocla ruperella, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. no. 9.
Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iii. 747. no. 3; in Lamk. loc.
cit. no. 9.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 4. f. 14.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 52.
Wood, Ind. Suppl. 2. pl. 11. f. 45.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 289.
Venerupe pétricole, Blainv. Malac. pl. 76. f. 2.
Sphenia decussata, Turt. Test. Ins. Brit. p. 38.
Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. p. 104. pl. 45. f. 3.
Petricola lithophaga, Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 21. pl. 3. f. 6;
ii. 20; in Wiegm. Arch. 1845, p. 188. pl. 7. f. 11-14.
Desh. Expl. Sc. de V Alg. Moll. pi. 66. f. 5-9.
Forbes & Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. i. 151. pl. 6. £.9, 10,
& pl. G, f. 1.

Hab. Oceanus Europzus.

8. PETRICOLA RARIFLAMMA.

P. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, inequilaterali, anticé brevi,
turgida, posticé attenuata, candida, sub epidermide griseo
flammulis rubro-fuscis ornata, longitudinaliter striata ; striis
subdecussatis, posticalibus majoribus anticis evanescentibus.

Petricola rariflamma, Desh. Traité élém. Conch. i. 494. pl. 12.
f. 10-12.

Hab. Mare Britannicum.

9. PETRICOLA TYPICA.

P. testa ovata, equivalvi, ineequilaterali, alba, anticé brevissima,
inflata, rotundata, posticé longiore ; angustiore, hiante, longi-
tudinaliter suleata ; liris lamellosis, posticis subechinatis ; um-
bonibus parvis acutis, anticé versis.

Choristodon typicum, Jonas, Mollusk. Beitr. p. 2. pl. 7. f. 3.
Hab. Insula St. Thomas, in lapidibus.

10. PerrRicoLA ROBUSTA. BM.

P. testa subglobosa, solida, alba, versus apicem fusca ; lineis ele-
vatis radiantibus posticé distantibus, squamis fornicatis con~

BIVALVE SHELLS. 211

fertis obsitis ; ligamento triangulari, subinterno; dente cardi-
nali antico valido porrecto, in valva dextra, duobus minoribus,
anteriore bifido in sinistra ; pagina interna fusca.

Petricola robusta, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 4.
Miiller, Syn. Moll. p. 229. no. 9.
Menke, Zeits. fiir Malac. 1848, p. 163. no. 33.

Hab. Panama,

11. PETRICOLA BIPARTITA.

P. testa elongato-subtrigona, anticé turgida, obtusa, brevi, posticé
attenuata, subangulata, cuneiformi, intus extusque candidissima,
longitudinaliter striata ; stris in latere antico multo tenuiori-
bus divisis, divaricatis, irregulariter inter se conjunctis, in medio
regularibus, sensim in latere postico crassioribus ; valvis tenui-
bus, dentibus cardinalibus inzequalissimis, uno in utraque valva
magno robusto; sinu pallii trigono, basi lato, in medio valvarum
posito.

Petricola bipartita, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Ynsula Samar Philippmarum. Coll. Cuming.

12. PETRICOLA CHINENSIS.

P. testa ovato-subtrigona, anticé obtusa, turgidiore, brevi, leevi-
gata, posticé attenuata, in medio et posticé longitudinaliter
suleata, sulcis undulatis convexis interstitiis latioribus, umbo-
nibus minimis, oppositis, separatis ; ligamento magno, crasso ;
cardinalibus dentibus inzequalibus arcuatis ; sinu pallii magno,
lato, basi obliquissimo.

Petricola chinensis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Mare Chinense. Coll. Cuming.

Ill. Testa elongato-transversa, Pholadiformis.
13. PETRICOLA PHOLADIFORMIS. B.M.

P. testa transversim elongata; latere postico brevissimo, sulcis
longitudinalibus, lamelloso-dentatis utrinque radiato; antico
subglabro.

Petricola pholadiformis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 505. no. 11.

Sow. Gen. of Shells, no. 15. f. 1, 2.

Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, iii. 747. no. 4; tn Lamk, An. s.
Vert. ed. 2: vi. 159. no. 11.

Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 51. f. 1, 2.

Say, Amer. Conch. pl. 60. f. 1.

Conrad, Amer. Mar. Conch. pl. 7. p. 37.

Gould, Rep. Inv. of Mass. p. 63.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 52.

212 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Petricola pholadiformis, Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 13. f. 49.
Lyell, Mem. S. G. Lond. 1839, p. 138.
De Kay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 228. pl. 28. f. 282.

Petricola fornicata, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. ii. 319.
Russell, Essex Co. Soc. Journ. i. 55.

Petricola peruviana, Jay, Cat. of Shells, 1839, pl. 1. f. 14, 15.

Hab. Canada; New York, &e.

14. PeTRICOLA SERRATA.

P. testa elongato-transversa, angustissima, cylindracea, valde in-
equilaterali, squalide rufescente, extremitatibus obtusa, hiante,
longitudinaliter costellata, in latere antico costellis majoribus
denticulatis, in medio tenuioribus, posticé numerosioribus un-
dulatis, valvis tenuibus, intus squalide albis; sinu pallii elon-
gato, apice obtuso, basi latiore.

Petricola serrata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab. Nova Zelandia. Coll. Cuming.

15. PETRICOLA NIVEA.

P. testa ovali, nive candidiori, subdiaphana, longitudinaliter densé
striata; cardine lineari simulque dentato (Chemnitz).

Mytilus niveus, Chemn. Conch. viii. 154. pl. 82. f. 734.
Gmel. p. 3358. no. 27.
Dillw. Cat. i. 307. no. 17.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 12. f. 16.
Petricola nivea, Gray, Ann. Phil. xxv.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 53.

Hab. Insule Nicobarice (Chemnitz).

16. PETRICOLA FORNICATA.

P. testa elongata, subcylindrica, utrinque rotundata, posticé hi-
ante, alba, longitudinaliter costata, costis anticis et medianis
subobsoletis, posticis elevatis, iterstitia non zquantibus, api-
cibus involutis ad } longitudinis sitis ; dentibus duobus valve
dextre cardinalibus elongatis, uncinatis.

Petricola fornicata, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Se. Phil. ii, 319.
Petricola costata, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malak. 1848, p. 163, no, 32.
Hab, ——?

Ditfert a Petr. dactylo, Sow., costis anticis obsoletis posticis
vero prominentibus (Philippi). i

——_——

17. PETRICOLA LINGUATULA.

P. testa parva, transversim oblonga; latere antico brevissimo ;
postico elongato, subtruncato.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 213

Mya Solenoides, Peron, Mus. no.

Petricola lnguatula, Desh. Lamk. An.s. Vert.ed. 2. vi. 160. no. 13.
Catlow, Cat. p. 19. no. 12.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 53. note.

Hab. Nova Hollandia.

18. PETRICOLA DACTYLUS.

P. testa transversim oblonga, subgibba; latere antico breviore,
sulcis longitudinalibus stris transversis decussatis, radiato ;
postico subglabro.

Petricola dactylus, Sow. Gen. of Shells, no. 15. f. 3.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 51. f. 3.
Say, Amer. Conch. pl. 60. f. 2.
Gould, Rep. Inv. of Mass. p. 65. f. 41.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 53.
Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 13. f. 26.
De Kay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 228. pl. 28. f. 283 a, 6.

Hab. America septentrionalis.

19. PETRICOLA CULTELLUS, B.M.

P. testa elongato-angusta, transversa, pholadiformi, lateraliter
compressiuscula, inferné convexo-arcuata; anticé brevi posti-
céque obtusa, hiante, albo-squalide rufescente longitudinaliter
striata et costata, costis in latere antico divaricatis, angustis,
squamulis fornicatis exasperatis; striis in medio posticéque
tenuibus, undulosis, striis incrementi irregularibus interruptis ;
umbonibus tumidulis approximatis leevigatis, valvis intus can-
didissimis ; sinu pallii elongato, angusto, apice obtuso.

Petricola cultellus, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Hab. Ceylon. Coll. Cuming.

20. PETRICOLA RUGOSA. B.M.
P. testa oblonga, pholadiformi, albicante; radiatim costellata, tenu-
issimé concentricé striata, margimibus plerumque deformibus.
Petricola rugosa, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 47.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 53.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 548. no. 559.
Miiller, Syn. Moll. p. 228. no. 7.

Hab, Chili.

2). PETRICOLA DENTICULATA. B.M.

P. testa oblonga, pholadiformi, extus pallescente, intus ad extre-
mitates fusco-nigricaute tincta; anticé subrostrata, posticé
rotundata; linea dorsali rectiuscula, ventrali subprominula,

214 BIVALVE SHELLS.

omnino radiatim suleata, et concentricé striata, striis anticé
sublamellosis denticulatis.

Petricola denticulata, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 46.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 53.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 549. ng. 564.
Miill. Syn. Moll. p. 228. no. 6.

Hab. Peru.

92. PETRICOLA VENTRICOSA.

P. testa elongato-transversa, alba, valde inzequilaterali, anticé
attenuata, posticé latiore obtusa, in medio ventricosa, lamellis
brevibus, numerosis, approximatis undulosis reflexis cincta,
posticé costulis longitudinalibus cancellata; umbonibus mag-
nis, oppositis, revolutis ; cardine crasso, dentibus magnis, com-
pressis, valde arcuatis, in margine interno contortis; valvis
intus albis seu posticé violaceis ; sinu pallii magno, trigono,
apice acuto.

Petricola ventricosa, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.

Hab. Sinus Californiensis. Coll. Cuming.

23. PETRICOLA CONCINNA.

P. testa oblonga, pholadiformi, albicante ; concentricé costellata ;
anticé rotundata, radiatim suleata; dorso declivi, alterius
valve lamella levigata; posticé acuminatiuscula; costellis
concentricis lamellosis, confertis.

Petricola concinna, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 46.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 54.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 549. no. 563.
Miill. Syn. Moll. p. 228. no. 5.

Hab. Arica, Peru.

24. PETRICOLA GRACILIS.

P. testa transversa, elongata, angustissima, cylindracea, valde in-
zquilaterali, anticé brevissima, posticé sensim attenuata, com-
pressiuscula, hiante, intus extusque alba ; latere antico longitu-
dinaliter costato; costis angustis, radiantibus spinis brevibus
rectis asperatis ; in medio striis tenuibus distantibus, posticé
striis tenuioribus numerosioribus approximatis, umbonibus
tumidis spiratis; lunula magna, levigata; sinu pallii angusto,
profundo, apice obtuso, basi latiore.

Petricola gracilis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853.
Hab, 2 Coll. Cuming.

a,

SE

BIVALVE SHELLS. 215

25. PETRICOLA TENUIS.

P. testa oblonga, pholadiformi, tenui, albicante radiatim costel-
lata, costellis anticis posticisque fortioribus, omnibus striis
exilissimis rugulosis decussatis ; latere antico brevissimo.

Petricola tenuis, Sow.-Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 47.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 53.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 548. no. 560.
Mill. Syn. Moll. p. 228. no. 8.

Hab. Peru.
Species dubia.

26. PETRICOLA AMYGDALINA.

P. testa tenui, subhyalina, flavescente, obovata, levi; latere an-
tico brevissimo, angustiore ; postico longiore, altiore, lamellis
nonnullis elevatis distantibus ornato.

Petricola amygdalina, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc, 1834, p. 47.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 53.
Mill. Syn. Moll. p. 229. no. 10.

Hab. Insule Galapagos.

ile PETRICOLA DISCORS.

P. testa oblongo-elliptica, brunnescente; radiatim costellata,
costellis acutis, posticé levi; linea dorsali recta.

Petricola discors, Sow. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 46.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 54.
D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 548. no. 562.
Mill. Syn. Moll. p. 227. no. 4.

Hab. Peru.

Genus 2. NARANIO.

Animal ignotum.

Testa ovata, eequivalvis, inzequilateralis, divaricatim striata seu
longitudinaliter costellata, latere antico brevi; umbonibus anticé
inflexis. Duo dentes cardinales obliqui, superné compressi, elon-
gati in valva dextra; in valva sinistra unus triangularis, obliquus,
bifidus ; dentes laterales nulli; ligamentum externum in nymphis
obliquis brevibus subinternis affixum; sinus pallii maximus,
semicircularis, brevis.

Venus (sp.), Chemn. (1788) Conch. x. 356, 357.
Gmel. (1788) Syst. Nat. ed. 13. p. 3268. no. 147, 148.
Dillw. (1817) Cat. p. 190, 191. no. 173, 174.
Wood (1828), Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 72, 73.

Petricola (sp.), Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. v. 504. no. 4.

216 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Petricola (sp.), Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825, p. 25 ; in Griffith (1839),
Anim. Kingd. pl. 39.
Hanley (1843), Deser. Cat. p. 52.
Naranio, Gray, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist, 1853, xi. 38.

1. NARANIO DIVARICATA. B.M.

N. testa ovato-oblonga, maxime inzequilaterali, turgida, alba, utra-
que extremitate obtusa, anticé brevissima ; tenuissime striata,
striis angulatis et divaricatis subtilissimis; sinu pallii brevi,
trigono, posticé latissime aperto.

Venus divaricata, Chemn. Conch. x. 357. pl. 172. f. 1666, 1667.

Venus divergens, Gmel. p. 3269. no. 147.

Dillw. Cat. i. 191. no. 74.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 73.
Petricola lucinalis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 504, no. 4.
Gray, in Griffith Anim. Kingd. pl. 39. f. 13.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 52.
Petricola divaricata, Desh. in Lamk. An.s. Vert.ed. 2.vi. 157. no. 4.

Hab. Oceanus Indicus; Nova Hollandia.

2. NARANIO LAPICIDA. BM.

N. testa ovato-oblonga, transversa, utraque extremitate obtusa
tumida, subcordata, candidissima, ineequilaterali; latere antico
brevissimo, “anticé transversim ineequaliter striata, posticé
longitudinaliter striis exarata ” (Chemzn.).

Venus Japicida, Chemn. Conch. x. 356. pl. 172. f. 1664, 1665.
Gmel. p. 3269. no. 148.
Dillw. Cat. i. 190. no. 73.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 72.
Petricola costata, Lamk. Syst. des An. s. Vert. p. 121.
Gray, Ann. Phil. xxv. (1825).
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 53.
Naranio costata, Gray, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1853, xi. 38.

Had. India Occidentalis ; Australia (Jukes).

3, NARANIO RADIATA. B.M.

N. testa elliptica, transversa, depressiuscula, ineequilaterali, intus
extusque candidissima, radiatim costellata ; costellis ad apices
tenuibus undulatis posticé granulosis ; latere antico rotundato.
postico longiore ; cardine in medio emarginato, dente mediano
valvul sinistre canaliculato.

Naranio radiata, Gray, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. 1853, xi. 38.

Hab. Mare Japonicum.

CATALOGUE

OF THE

CONCHIFERA

OR

Poe Vv AL Wi SH EL ies

IN

THE COLLECTION
OF THE

BRITISH MUSEUM.

BY

Monsirur DESHAYES.

PART IT.
PETRICOLAD (concluded); CORBICULADA.

LONDON:
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
1854.

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,
RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.

'o*

7
%

‘BIVALVE SHELLS. 217

Genus 3. LAJONKAIRIA, Desh.

Animal ovato-oblongum, compressiusculum ; pallium integrum
anticé apertum, inferné posticéque clausum ; tracheis binis co-
adunatis lateraliter compressiusculis, subzequalibus, trachea bran-
chiali majore, ad aperturam ciliata. Pes minimus, compressus,
linguiformis ; labiarum appendices elongate, angust, acute,
triangulares. Branchiz carnosz breves, subaequales, quadran-
gulares, posticé latiores, truncate.

Testa ovato-oblonga vel subquadrangularis, decussata, tenuis ;
cardine angusto, in valva dextra bidentato, in sinistra tridentato,
dentibus minimis, divaricatis ; nymphis brevibus; ligamentum
externum angustum, breve; cicatricule musculorum minime
subrotundatz ; impressio pallii brevis, sinu postico latissimo,
profundissimo, triangulari terminata.

Tellina (sp.), Schrét. (1786) Fini. iii. 18. no. 11.
Gmel. (1788) p. 3231. no. 11.
Venus, Mont. (1808) Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 48.
Venerupis, Payraud. (1826) Cat. Moli. de Corse, p- 36.
Desh. (1836) Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 164.
Rupellaria, Petit (1851), Journ. de Conch. p. 289.
Tapes (sp.), Sow. jun. (1852) Thes. Conch. p. 695.

1. LASONKAIRIA DECUSSATA, Desh.

L. testa rotundato-quadrangula, anticé brevissima, striis longi-
tudinalibus creberrimis sub lente granulosis exarata ; striisque
incrementi wregularibus decussata.

Encycl. Méth. pl. 272. f. 2. a, b.
Venus candida, Scacchi (non Gmel.), Cat. Conch. Neap. p. 7.
Venerupis decussata, Phil: Moll. Sicil. p. 20. pl. 3. £..5; ii. 20.
no. 2. Hieee
Venerupis Lajonkairii, Payr. Cat. Moil. de Corse, p. 36. pl. 1.
f125 13:
Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 164.
Rupellaria Lajonkairii, Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 289.
Tapes Lajonkairii, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 695. pl. 150. f. 120.
Junior. ‘Tapes subquadrata, Sow. jun. loc. cit. p. 695. pl. 150.
£cV19.

Hab. Mare Mediterraneum.

2. LASONKAIRIA SUBSTRIATA.

L. testa subquadrata, parva, sinuata, alba, striis tenuissimis con-
centricis et costellis minutis aqualibus decussata ; latere antico
brevissimo, umbonibus subterminalibus ; margine dorsali recto,

ascendente ; latere postico truncato.
10

218 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Venus substriata, Mont. Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 48. pl. 29. f. 6.
Tapes substriata, Sow. jun. Thes. Conch. p. 695. pl. 150. £.116, 117.

Hab. Mare Britannicum.

3. LAJONKAIRIA GIBBOSA.

L. testa subtrigona, ventricosa, subtiliter transversim striata ;
cardinis dente laterali valido.

Testa ex viridi albicante utrinque inflexa, altero latere breviori,
cardinis dente primario unico (Gmel.).

Tellina, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 77. f. Q.
Tellina gibbosa, Gmel. p. 3231. no. 11.

Dillw. Cat. i. 76. no. 11.

Wood. Gen. Conch. p. 151. no. 13; Ind. Test. pl. 3. f.13.
Tellina, no. 62, Schrét. Hinl. 1. 18.

Hab. ?
An varietas monstrosa Veneris substriatee Montagui?

N.B. CuoristTopon, Jonas, 1844, Zeitsch.f. Malac.185 ; Moll.
Beitr. 1846, i. 102. t. 7=NaARanto, p. 215.

Choristodon typicum, Jonas, Moll. Beitr.in Abhandl. Naturwis.
Hamburg. 1846, i. 102. t. 7. f. 3, is a synonym of Venus lapicida
=Naranio lapicida, p. 216.—Gray.

Fam. 5. Corbiculade.

Animnal regulare, pallio tenui anticé infernéque aperto vestitum,
posticé tracheis binis plus minusve separatis terminatum, ali-
quantisper trachea unica. Pes triangularis, compressus, lingui-
formis, vel elongato-cylindraceus ; appendices labiarum parve,
triangulares, lamellose, acuminate. Branchie late, trapezoi-
dales, inzequales, posticé connate.

Testa ovato-transversa vel subtrigona, epidermide viridi ves-
tita, levigata aut transversim striata suleatave; cardine utroque
latere bi- vel tridentato, dentes laterales duo, simplices vel trans-
versim striati ; impressio pallii simplex vel posticé breviter
sinuosa vel sinu angustissimo sublineari terminata.

Les Conques (ex parte), Lamk. (1809) Phil. Zool. i. 318 ; (1812)

Extr. du Cours, p. 107.

Les Conques fluviatiles, Lamk. (1818) An. s. Veri. v. 556; ed. 2.

(1836) vi. 263.

Cycladées, Rafinesque (1815), Ann. Nat. Bruz. vi.
Les Cyclades, Féruss. (1822) Tab. Syst. p. 43.

|
:

BIVALVE SHELLS. 219

Cycladea, Desh. (1830) Enc. Méth. ii.; Tab. de Class. des Moll.
Menke (1830), Syn. Meth. Moll. p. 110.
Cycladia, Rafin. (1820) Coq. Biv. de P Ohio.
Cycladee, Flem. (1828) Brit. Anim. p. 409.
Gray (1840), Turt. Man. ed. 2. p. 277.
Cycladina, Latr. (1825) Fam. Nat. p. 218.
Macgill. (1844) Moll. Aberd. p. 208.
Cyclasidee, D’ Orb. (1846) Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 566.
Cycladacea, Hinds (1844), Zool. Sulph. p. 66.
Veneriade (ex parte), Leach (1818), Ann. 8 Mag. Nat. Hist. xx.
272; (1852), ed. Gray, Syn. Moll. Brit. p. 286.
Cyrenide, Gray (1840), Syn. Brit. Mus. p. 75, 91.
Corbiculade, Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p- 184; (1851) List
of Brit. Anim. p. 16; Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2. xi. 38.

“ Corbiculade. Cardinal teeth 3°3 or 2° 2, diverging ; lateral
teeth compressed. Siphonal inflection none. Periostraca olive,
hard, brittle, often polished. Siphons contractile.

A. Cardinal teeth 3° 3, front of right and hinder of left valve
smallest. Shell solid.

1. CorsicuLa, Megerle, Gray, P. Z. S. 1847, n. 552. — Shell
subcordate ; lateral teeth compressed, subequal, finely
striated. C. fluminea.

2. Barissa. Shell subcordate ; lateral teeth compressed, stri-
ated, front very short, hinder elongate. B. tenebrosa. B.
obesa, Hinds.

3. VeLorita, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1842, p- 753 P. ZS.) 1847,
n. 554. Shell cordate, triangular, thick ; teeth large, late-
ral, very finely striated, anterior very large, angular, hinder
elongate, compressed. V. Cyprinoides.

4. Cyrena, Lamk. Gray, P. Z. S. 1847, n. 553. Shell sub-
cordate ; lateral teeth smooth, front roundish, hinder rather
compressed. C. Zeylanica.

B. Cardinal teeth 2° 2, moderately diverging, front of right valve
and hinder of left valve smaller ; lateral teeth elongate, com-
pressed, smooth ; of right valve double, of left valve simple.
Shell thin.

5. SpHa#RiuM, Scopoli, Gray, P. Z. S. 1847, n. 555. Sheli
oblong, cordate, equilateral ; siphon of animal separate, di-
verging at the tip. SS. corneum. ih

*

wedgeshaped, inequilateral, truncated behind; siphons of
animal short, united to the end. P. amnicum.”—Gray, Ann.
& Mag. N. H. ser. 2. xi. 38.

220 BIVALVE SHELLS. :
6. Pisum, Megerle, Gray, P. Z. S. 1847, n. 556. Shell ovate-

A. Dentes cardinales 3+3, anterior in valva dextra et posterior
in valva sinistra minores. Testa solida, Corbiculina,

Gray.
Genus 1. CORBICULA.

Animal ignotum.

Testa ovato-trigona, subaquilateralis, cordiformis, in utraque
valva cardo tridentato, dentibus divergentibus, dentes laterales
duo eequales, compressi, tenui, transversim striati. Nymph
breves basi rugose ; impressiones musculares minores rotundatz
vel semilunares ; impressio pallii simplex.

Tellina, Mill. Verm. Hist. 11. 205.
Venus, Chemn. (1782) Conch. vi. 319.
Cyclas (spee.), Brug. (1792) Encycl. Méth. pl. 301, 302.
Lamk. (1799) Essai d’une Class., Mém. de la Soc. d’Hist.
Jat. de Paris, 1.
Cyrena (ex parte), Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. v. 551.
Corbicula, Megerle (1811), Entwurf. p. 56.
Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 184; (1853) Ann. §& Mag.
Nat. Hist. xi. 38.
Cyanocyclas, Blainv. (1818), Dict. Sc. Nat. xii. 280.

“Mantle (of Corbicula consobrina), lobes free on the lower
edge and in front, united behind; edge simple, with a series of
short conical beards just within the margin; siphons two, very
short, separate, contractile ; apertures fringed with short crowded
conical beards; foot compressed, subquadrate, rather produced
in front ; body swollen ; abductor muscles large, anterior oblong,
the hinder round, subtrigonal.

“Labial tentacles 2 pair, large, broad, trigonal, equal ; gills
oblong, inner pair large, the outer about half the depth of the
inner.”’—Gray, MSS.

a. Species Europe.

1. CorBICULA PANORMITANA.

C. testa trigona, subzequilaterali, anticé rotundata, posticé angu-
lata, transversé striata, disco depresso; apicibus acutis, incur-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 921

vis; dentibus cardinalibus duobus utraque valva; lateralibus
lamelliformibus, perpendiculariter striatis, quatuor valva dextra,
duobus sinistra.

Cyrena Panormitana, Bivona, Nuovi Mollus. Terrest. di Palermo,
p. 21.

Hab. In rivulis Siciliz.

b. Species Africane.

2. CoRBICULA CONSOBRINA.

C. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, ineequilaterali, tumida, sub-
cordata, fusco-virente, transversim tenué suleata; latere antico
longiore, lato, obtuso, postico valde declivi, brevi, subtruncato ;
unbonibus tumidis, obtusis, oppositis, apice denudato viola-
ceis, valvyis intus albo-pallide violaceis, ad margines saturati-
oribus ; cardine angusto im utraque valva tridentato, dente
postico valvze simistre obsoleto; dentibus lateralibus angustis
meequalibus, antico longiore, cardinem attingente.

Cyclas consobrina, Caillaud, Voy. & Meroé, i. pl. 61. f. 10, 11.
An eadem var. ? Savigny, Exp. d’ Eg. Moll. pl. 7. f. 7.

Hab. Flumen Nilum.

3. CORBICULA COR. B.M.

C. testa elongato-trigona, cordata, subsequilaterali, tumida, viridi-
fuscescente, transversim tenué et subtiliter suleata; umboni-
bus prominentibus, involutis, vix obliquis, sepius integris ;
lateribus obtusis, posticali paulo breviore, subtruncato ; valvis
intus violaceis zonulis saturatioribus ornatis; cardine angusto,
tridentato ; dentibus subzqualibus, posticali valvula dextra
apice emarginato ; valvulee sinistree mediano bifido ; dentibus
lateralibus angustis, tenue striatis.

Cyrena cor, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 552. no. 3.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 7. f. 7.

Hab. ——? ex oriente (Olivier). In Nilo superiore, Coll. Cum.

4. CoORBICULA PUSILLA. B.M.

C. testa parva, tenui, turgidula, ovato-orbiculari, vix trigona, in-
eequilaterali, alba; striis transversis, confertis ; epidermide
pallide flava; dentibus lateralibus elongatis, striatis, cardimali-
bus tribus, imequalibus, duobus majoribus in utraque valva
bifidis.

222 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cyrena pusilla, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 78. pl. 1. f. 7.
Cyrena africana, var. 8, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 9.

Hab. Partem superiorem fluminis Nili.

5. CoRBICULA RADIATA. B.M.

©. testa parva, tenui, orbiculato-trigona, sequilaterali, livida, ad
apices alba, violaceo radiata; striis transversis, remotiusculis,
epidermide nitidissimo ; pagina interna violacea ; dentibus late-
ralibus elongatis, striatis ; dentibus cardinalibus angustis, duo-
bus majoribus apice vix bifidis.

Cyrena radiata, Phil. (1846) Abbild. Conch. p. 4. no. 8. pl. 1.f.8.
(non Hanley, 1844).
Cyrena africana, var. a, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 8.

Hab. In Nilo Albo.

6. CoRBICULA AFRICANA. B.M.

C. testa parva, orbiculato-trigona, compressiuscula, subzequilate-
rali, anticé latiore, obtusiore, transversim densé et irregulariter
striata, olivaceo-glaucescente nitida, intus violacea; umbonibus
minimis, gibbosulis, erosis, cardine angusto, tridentato, dentibus
minimis, duobus approximatis, zequalibus, apice canaliculatis ;
dentibus lateralibus angustis, elongatis, tenuissime striatis ; im-
pressionibus muscularibus minimis, rotundatis.

Cyrena africana, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 8. pl. 1. f. 8, varieta-
tibus exclusis.

Hab. Caput Bone Spei.

ce. Species Asiatice.

7. CoRBICULA FLUMINALIS.

C. testa triangulari, transversim striata, crassa, dura, valdé gibba,
opaca, antic versus cardinem latiore, quam posticé; extus
viridi, crebro striatim imbricata ; striz transversz ; valvis intus
cyaneis ; cardine in utraque valva tridentato, dentibus divari-
catis, subaequalibus, postico emarginato ; dentes laterales elon-
gati utroque latere tenue striati; striis tenuibus, perpendicu-
lariter parallelis.

Tellina fluminalis, Mill. Verm. Hist. ii. 205.

Venus fluminalis, Chemn. Conch. vi. 319. pl. 30. f. 320.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 113.

Tellina fluminalis, Schrét. Flussconch. p. 195. no. 20.
Gmel, p. 3242. no. 79.

Cycelas fluminalis, Blainv. D. S. N. xii. 280.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 223

Venus, Schrét. Hinl. ii. 158. no. 11.

Cyclas, Enc. Méth. p. 301. f. 2.

Cyclas Euphratica, Lamk. Syst. An. s. Vert. p. 124.
Cyrena fuscata, var. ?, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 552. no. 4.

Hab. Ex oriente, Lamk. In Euphratico flumine.

8. CorRBICULA AMBIGUA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, zquilaterali, subcordiformi, transversim
densé striato-sulcata ; striis regularibus, anticé posticéque
evanescentibus ; epidermide nitente, nigro-virescenti vestita,
in latere postico tenuissime striato-lamellosa, intus violacea ;
umbonibus angustis, prominentibus, anticé obliquatis; latere
antico atque postico zqualiter convexiusculis, declivibus, ob-
tusis; cardme angusto, dentibus tribus primariis mequalibus
brevibus simplicibus, antico valve dextre dente laterali ad-
nato; dentibus lateralibus zqualibus, longis extremitate imfe-
riore leviter arcuatis, crenulato-striatis.

Corbicula ambigua, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Had. Flumen Euphrates.

d. Species Indice.
9. CORBICULA OCCIDENS. B.M.

C. testa ovato-transversa, equilaterali, tumida, tenui, transversim
regulariter lirato-sulcata; epidermide flavescente-viridi ves-
tita, ad umbones atro-violascente vel breviter albo radiata;
umbonibus tumidis, brevibus, levigatis; lunula ovato-lanceo-
lata, pallida, levigata; valvis intus profunde fusco-violascenti-
bus ; cardine angusto, zequaliter tridentato ; dentibus latera-
libus brevibus angustis albis tenue striatis.

Corbicula occidens, Bens. Asiat. Journ. 1824?

Hab. India; loco Sikkim dicto, Moredabad, Bengal. Coll.
Cuming.

10. CorBicuLa BENSONI. B.M.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, equilaterali, levigata,
nitida, depressiuscula, extremitatibus obtusa, utroque latere
zqualiter declivi; epidermide tenui, nitente, virescente vel fla-
vescente induta, aliquantisper lineis interruptis fuscis radiata,
alba vel pallide violascente ; cardine angusto, tridentato, den-
tibus inzqualibus valdé divaricatis, dentibus lateralibus pre-
longis, angustissimis, tenuissime striato-crenatis, antico paulo
longiore.

Corbicula Bensoni, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. In rivulis Bengalensibus (Benson). Coll. Cuming.

224 BIVALVE SHELLS.

ll. CorpicuLa BENGALENSIS. B.M.

C. testa ovato-subtrigona, depressiuscula, tenui, subsequilaterali,
obsoleté transversim striata, striis regularibus distantibus ;
epidermide flavescente nitidissima, intus alba, in medio macula
rubescente notata ; umbonibus minimis acutis; cardme angusto
tridentato, altero bidentato ; dentibus lateralibus angustissimis,
argute striatis.

Corbicula Bengalensis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. In rivulis Bengalensibus. Coll. Cuming.

12. CorBICULA STRIATELLA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-transversa, depressiuscula, subzequilaterali, extre-
mitatibus «qualiter obtusa, transversim regulariter lirata, liris
ad latus posticum evanescentibus ; epidermide pallide virides-
cente, nitente vestita ; intus atro-violacea; umbonibus breyibus,
atro-violascentibus, pallidiore biradiatis ; cardine angusto, tri-
dentato ; dentibus mzequalibus, divaricatis, postico longiore et
angustiore, dentibus lateralibus elongatis, angustis, subaquali-
bus, arcuatis, tenuissime striatis.

Corbicula striatella, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Pondicherry. Coll. Cuming.

13. CorRBICULA TRIGONA.

C. testa trigona, equilaterali, compressiuscula, antic paulo la-
tiore et ubtusiore, utroque latere equaliter declivi, transversim
tenue et regulariter striata; epidermide viridi, nitente induta,
imtus pallide violacea ; umbonibus minimis, brevibus, acutis ;
lunula ovata, angulo obsoleto cireumscripta, pallida, levigata ;
cardine angusto, altero bidentato altero tridentato ; dentibus
lateralibus eequalibus, tenuissime striatis, antico leviter arcuato.

Corbicula trigona, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Pondicherry. Coll. Cuming.

14. CorspicuLa CASHMIRIENSIS.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, equilaterali, tumidula,
transversim tenue et .regulariter striata, striis posticé evanes-
centibus ; epidermide nitida, atrb-virescente, im latere postico
tenuissime striato vestita ; umbonibus tumidis, prominentibus,
profunde erosis, violaceis ; cardine angusto, in valva dextra bi-
dentato, in altera tridentato, valvule dextre dente antico late-
rali adnato ; dentibus primariis divergentibus, simplicibus,
lateralibus, longis, angustis, antico longiore cardine proximo ;
valvis intus violaceis, impressione pallii margine valde remoto.

Corbicula Cashmiriensis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. Cashmire. Coll. Cuming.

;

— ee

BIVALVE SHELLS. 295

e. Species Chinenses.

15. CorsrcuLaA WoopIANA.

C. testa subtrigona, subinflata, micante, subsequilaterali, trans-
versim rugata ; valvulis crassis ; natibus magnis et rotundatis ;
dentibus cardinalibus subbifidis, lateralibus longis, serratis
rectisque ; margarita alba.

Cyrena Woodiana, Lea, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. v.110. pl. 18. f. 55:
Observ. on the Genus Unio, 1. 222. pl. 18. f. 55.
Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 14. f. 58.

Hab. In rivulis Chinensibus prope Canton.

16. CorBICULA GRANDIS.

C. testa orbiculato-trigona, solida, tumidula, inzequilaterali, trans-
versim irregulariter rugosa, anticé sulcis magis regularibus
exarata ; latere antico breviore, late arcuato, postico magis at-
tenuato; epidermide nitidissima nigrescente vestita,ad margines
flavescente, posticé squamosa ; valvis tus pallide flavis ; car-
dine incrassato, tridentato, dentibus approximatis, lateralibus
brevibus, crassis, irregulariter striato-denticulatis.

Corbicula grandis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. China? Coll. Cuming.

17. CorBICULA SIMILIS. B.M.

C. testa trigona, paululum latiore quam alta, depressiuscula, sub-
equilaterali, transversim tenue sulcata, posticé sulecis eva-
nescentibus ; latere antico rotundato, obtuso, postico produc-
tiore cuneiformi, angulato; umbonibus prominentibus, recurvis,
oppositis, decorticatis ; ligamento brevi, angusto, partim im-
merso; epidermide viridi-fuscescente ad margines glaucescente ;
valvis intus albis, ad margmes lutescentibus, cardine tridentato,
nymphis basi irregulariter granoso-rugosis ; dentibus lateralibus
prelongis, angustis, transversim late profundeque sulcatis.

Venus similis, Gray in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 1. pl. 2. f. 5.

Cyrena similis, Gray in Griff. Anim. Kingd. pl. 20. f. 2.

Hab. China?

18. CorsicuLa LARGILLIERTI.

C. testa rotundato-trigona, subequilaterali, compressiuscula, pos-
tice angustiore, subangulata ; strus transversis confertissimis ;
epidermide olivacea, apicibus et pagina interna violaceis ; den-

tibus lateralibus elongatis, striatis.
10* ¥

226 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cyrena Largillierti, Phil. Abbild. Conch. pl. 1. f. 1.
Menke, Zeits. fiir Malak, 1844, p. 163.

Hab. China.

19. CorRBICULA RECURVATA.

C, testa trigona, brevi, alta, crassa, cordiformi, «quilaterali ; late-
ribus subzqualibus, fere rectilineis, latere antico obtuso, postico
angulato, margine inferiore vix arcuato ; umbonibus angustis,
prominentibus, oppositis, seepius erosis; facies externa regula-
riter transversim sulcata, epidermide flavescente fuseo zonato ;
valvis intus albis ; cardine bidentato, dentibus lateralibus rectis,
longissimis, simplicibus.

Cyrena recurvata, Eydoux, Moll. du Voy. de la Favorite, Mag.
de Zool. p. 11. pl. 119. f. 2.

Hab. In fluviis Chine, atque lacu et rivulis prope Manillam.

20. CoRBICULA FLUMINEA. B.M.

C. testa triangulari, gibba, opaca, anticé et posticé versus eardi-
nem fere wxqualis, epidermide viridi vestita, costis latis, trans-
versim quasi circulis doliaribus cireumdata intus albida, semi-
circulo nigro notata ; dentibus cardinalibus et fossulis uti in
precedente (fluviatilis, Miller).

Tellina fluminea, Mill. Verm. ii. 206.
Gmel. p. 3243. no. 80.
Cyclas fluminea, Blainy. D. S. N. xii. 280.
Venus fluminea, Chemn. Conch. vi. 320. pl. 30. f. 322, 323, an
eadem species ?
Schrot. EHinl. 11. 159. no. 13.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 8. f. 114.
Tellina fluviatilis, Schrot. Flussconch. p. 193. pl. 4. f. 2. a, d.
Cyrena fluminea, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 553. no. 5.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 92.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 2. no. 3. pl. 1. f. 3, an eadem species ?
Mousson, Moll. de Java, p. 87. no. 2. pl. 15. f. 3.

Hab. In arena fluviatili Chinee (Miiller); Java (Mousson) ;
Manilla (Cuming).

21. CorBICULA FLUVIATILIS. B.M.

C. testa triangulari, transversim rugosa; testa latior et tenuior,
proxima preecedenti (fluminalis), fusco-virens, in cardine an-
ticé et posticé aqualis latitudinis ; lineis elevatis cincta (Miill.),

Tellina fluviatilis, Mill. Hist. Verm. ii. 206.

Gmel. p. 3243. no. 81.
Cyclas fluviatilis, Blaine. D. 8S. N. xii. 280.

ee eee ee

eon

BIVALVE SHELLS. 227

Venus fluviatilis, Chemn. Conch. vi. 320. pl. 30. f. 321.

Wood, Ind. Test. pl 8. f. 115.
Venus, Schrot. Einl. ii. 158. no. 12.
Cyrena fuscata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 552. no. 4, exclus. var.
Cyrena fluviatilis, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 3. no. 5. pl. 1. f. 5?
Cyrena Manilensis, Phil. Zeits. fiir Malac. 1841, p. 163.

Hab. In flumine emporium Canton, Chine preterlabente
(Miiller).

22. CoRBICULA ORIENTALIS. B.M.

C. testa rotundato-ovata, subtrigona, subaequilaterali, solida ; api-
cibus erosis; obtusis; striis transversis regularibus remotis ;
epidermide olivaceo-atra; dentibus cardinalibus duobus in
valvula dextra; dentibus lateralibus elongatis striatis.

Cyrena orientalis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 552. no. 2, exclus. var.

Desh. in Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 273. no. 2.
Anton, Verz. der Conch. p. 13. no. 496, excl. syn.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 1. no. 2. pl. 1. f. 2.

Hab. In China; in fluvio emporium Canton preterlabente
frequentissima; pro calce uritur (Phil.).

23. CORBICULA NITENS.

C. testa trigona, inzequilaterali, tenui, tenuissime et confertissime
transversim striata, olivaceo-flava; extremitate postica sub-
rostrata fusca ; dentibus lateralibus elongatis striatis.

Cyrena nitens, Philippi in Menke, Zeits. fiir Malac. 1844, p. 163 ;
Abbild. Conch. p. 76. pl. 1. f. 4.

Hab. China.
f. Species insulares.
24, CoRBICULA COMPRESSA.

C. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, subzequilaterali, fusca, trans-
versim tenue et regulariter suleata; anticé breviore, obtusa,
posticé obscuré truncata; sulcis ad latus posticum evanidis ;
umbonibus obtusis. brevissimis decorticatis ; valvis tenuibus,
intus atro-violaceis ; cardine angusto, szepius candido, triden-
tato; dentibus lateralibus angustis, acutis, tenuissime striatis.

Cyrena compressa, Mousson, MSS. fide Morelet.

Hab. In rivulis insule Javane.

25. CorspicuLa Moussont. B.M.
C. testa ovato-transversa, convexiuscula, ineequilaterali, transver-

228 BIVALVE SHELLS.

sim striato-suleata, striis remotis, eequalibus, fuseo-nigra ; um-
bonibus inflatis, obtusis, erosis; cardine angusto; dentibus
cardinalibus tribus, dente mediano crassiore, postico angusto
obsoleto ; dentibus lateralibus angustis, brevioribus, tenuissime
striatis; valvis intus violaceis, ad dentes laterales fusco-viola-
ceils.

Cyrena orientalis, var. Javanica, Mousson, Moll. terr. et flw. de
Java, p. 85. pl. 15. f. 2.

Hab. Tikojia, in insula Javanica.

26. CoRBICULA PULCHELLA.

C. testa ovato-orbiculari, vix trigona, subzequilaterali, lenticulari,
apicibus perspicuis, transversim tenuiter sulcata, extus olivacea,
intus pallide luteo-alba ; margine cardinali brevi, anteriori an-
gulo rotundato inferior juncto; posteriori subtruncato; den-
tibus lateralibus valdé elongatis, tenuissimis, minuté serrulatis ;
dentibus cardinalibus minutis. intraque valva, angulo cardi-
nali 120°.

Cyrena pulchella, Mousson, Moll. Java, p. 88. no. 3. pl. 15.f.4.
Hab. Insulam Javanicam prope Tyjikoya.

fe CoRBICULA RIVALIS.

C. testa trigono-orbiculari, zequilaterali, compressa, satis tenul,
olivacea, suleis concentricis confertis cmeta; umbonibus acu-
tiusculis, parum prominentibus; dentibus lateralibus elon-
gatis, serrulatis, anticis subeequalibus; pagina interna omnino
violacea.

Cyrena rivalis, Von dem Busch in Phil. Abbild. Conch. wi. 110.
no. 5. pl. 3. f. 5.

Hab. Java.

28. CoRBICULA CUMINGII. B.M.

C. testa ovata, subtrigona, ineequilaterali, tenwi, turgida, sub-
cordiformi; epidermide nitente viridescente vestita, transversim
regulariter suleata, sulcis distantibus posticé evanidis; umbo-
nibus tumidis, prominentibus, levigatis, atro-violaceis, seepius
integris, Oppositis; cardine angusto, ineequaliter tridentato,
dentibus divergentibus ; nymphis basi granoso-corrugatis ; den-
tibus lateralibus angustis, elongatis, zqualibus, antico in medio
promimentiore.

Corbicula Cumingii, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 229

Var. 8. Testa globulosa, ventricosiore.

Hab. Ynsula Luzon Philippinarum (Cuming) ; India, Bareally
loco dicto (Benson).

29. CorBICULA MALACCENSIS.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, meequilaterali, turgidula,
solidula; epidermide glaucescente vestita, transversim regula-
riter et tenue sulcata, extremitatibus obtusa, latere antico lon-
giore; cardine angusto, tridentato, altero bidentato; dentibus
lateralibus angustis, tenuissime striatis, antico longiore, valvis
intus albis vel pallide violaceo tinctis.

Corbicula Malaccensis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. In rivulis ad Malaccam affluentibus. Coll. Cuming.

30. CoRBICULA TUMIDA. B.M.

C. testa regulariter ovato-transversa, tumida, tenui, subzequilate-
rali, posticé paulo longiore, utraque extremitate zqualiter ob-
tusa; epidermide viridi, nitente vestita, transversim sulcata,
suleis valde distantibus ; umbonibus parvis, turgidulis, inte-
gris; cardine angustissimo, dentibus cardinalibus tribus an-
gustis, inequalibus, valde divergentibus, lateralibus angustis-
simis, arcuatis, argute crenulato-striatis.

Corbicula tumida, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Var. 8. Testa juniore epidermide glaucescente, valvulis intus
extusque fusco trimaculatis.

Hab. Borneo. Coll. Cuming, pro varietate.

g. Species Australhenses.

31. CoRBICULA OVALINA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subzequilaterali, tenui, subventricosa,
epidermide viridi vel nigrescente vestita, sulcis latis exarata,
ad latus posticum evanescentibus; latere postico paulo lon-
giore ; cardine angusto, dentibus cardinalibus valde divaricatis,
meequalibus, lateralibus brevibus, antico paulo longiore, pos-
tico in medio prominentiore, utroque latere densé striato, car-
dine remoto.

Corbicula ovalina, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. In rivulis Portu Essingtonensi affluentibus. Coll. Cu-
ming.

230 BIVALVE SHELLS.

32. CorBICULA AUSTRALIS. B.M.

C. testa ovato-oblonga, striata, subdepressa, tenui, fragili, fusco-
virente, intus aurantia, striis tenuissimis, transversalibus.

Cyrena australis, Desh. Encycl. Meéth. Vers, ii. 50. no. 12; in
Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 278. no. 16.
Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 14. f. 57.

Var. 8. Testa lutescente.
Hab. Nova Hollandia.

33. CorBICULA NEPEANENSIS. B.M.

C. testa regulariter transversim ovata, tenui, turgidula, zquilate-
rali, epidermide nitente flavicante vestita, intus pallide auran-
tia, transversim striata, striis distantibus, in latere antico pro-
fundioribus, lateribus equaliter obtusis; umbonibus parvis,
obtusis, erosis ; cardine angusto, dentibus cardinalibus inaqua-
libus tribus, valde divergentibus, lateralibus angustissimis,
eequalibus, obsoleté tenuissimeé striatis. :

Cyrena Nepeanensis, Less. Voy. de la Cog. Zool. ii. 428. pl. 13.
f. 14.

Hab. Fluvius Nepean dictus Nove Hollandiz.,

34, CoRBICULA SEMISULCATA.

C. testa transversa, ovato-subtrigona, inzequilaterali, tumidula,
solidiuscula, transversim incremento irregulariter substriata,
anticé regulariter sulcata ; epidermide squalide virescente ves-
tita, aliquando zonulis transversis nigrescentibus interrupta,
intus profundé violacea; cardine tridentato, dentibus fere
eequalibus, lateralibus validis, brevibus, postico cardine re-
moto ; sinu pallii postico brevi, angusto, triangulari, acuto.

Corbicula semisuleata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. In fluvio Victorie Nove Hollandiz. Coll. Cuming.

h. Species Americe meridionalis.

35. CorRBICULA QBSOLETA.

C. testa ovato-trigona, obliqua, tumidula, inzequilaterali, solidi-
uscula, transversim irregulariter striato-sulcata ; epidermide oli-
vaceo vestita, zonulis obscurioribus interrupta, utroque latere
declivi, anticé lata, breviori, obtusa, posticé subangulata ; um-
bonibus prominentibus, obliquis; cardine angusto; dentibus
cardinalibus tribus minimis subparallelis, dentibus lateralibus

=

BIVALVE SHELLS. ~~ 231

angustis, eequalibus, antico arcuato; valvis intus vivide vio-
laceis.

Corbicula obsoleta, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. In fluminibus reipublicee Uruguayensis. Coll. Cuming.

36. CoRBICULA CUNEATA. B.M.

C. testa cordato-trigona, valde ineequilaterali, turgida, anticé
rotundata, posticé longiore, subacuminata; epidermide fusco-
viridi vestita, transversim confertim sulcata, imtus violacea ;
dentibus lateralibus striatis, elongatis, angustis ; simu palliari
minimo, triangulari.

Cyrena cuneata, Jonas, Zeits. fiir Malac. 1844, p. 186; Abhandl.
Naturwiss. Hamb. p. 13. pl. 7. f. 5.

Hab. Flumen Orinoco (Jonas).

37. CoRBICULA PARANENSIS.

C. testa rotundato-cordata, inflata, crassa, concentricé striata,
epidermide luteo-virescente ; latere antico brevi, angustato ; la-
tere postico dilatato, subtruncato; dentibus cardinalibus tribus;
dentibus lateralibus crenulatis; intus albicante vel violacea.

Cyrena paranacensis, D’Orb. Mag. de Zool. 1835, p. 44. no. 1.
Cyclas paranensis, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 567. pl. 83.
f. 23-25.

Hab. Flumen Parana Americe meridionalis.

38. CoRBICULA LIMOSA.

C. testa ovata, transversim striata, tus purpurea; umbonibus
acutiusculis prominentibus, epidermide viridi.

Tellina liimosa, Maton, Linn. Trans. x. 228. pl. 24. f. 8-10.
Wood, Gen. Conch. p. 199. pl. 46. f. 4,5; Ind. Test. pl. 5.
f. 86.
Dillw. Cat. i. 106. no. 77.
Cyelas limosa, Blainv. D. S. N. xu. 280.
Cyrena limosa, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825, p. 117.

Hab. Fluviis Americz meridionalis.

39. CoRBICULA CONVEXA.

C. testa orbiculato-cordiformi, globulosa, mzequilaterali, crassa,
solida, viridi-olivacea, tenuissime et irregulariter striata, ad um-
bones laevigata, anticé breviore; umbonibus tumidis, obtusis,
oppositis ; valvis solidiusculis, intus albis ; cardine ineequaliter
tridentato, dente mediano valvule dextre bifido; dentibus

232 BIVALVE SHELLS.

lateralibus subsequalibus angustis, tenué et breviter crenulatis ;
impressione pallii posticé sinu parvulo, trigono, terminata.

Corbicula convexa, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. In fluviis Americe centralis.

40, CorsicuLa BRASILIANA. B.M.

C. testa trigona, subtransversa, tumidula, ineequilaterali, tenué et
regulariter transversim striata, epidermide viridi nitente ves-
tita; umbonibus minimis, prominulis, oppositis ; latere antico
paulo breviori, superné rectilineo, declivi, postico parumper
attenuato, rotundato ; cardine angusto tridentato, altero biden-
tato, dentibus minimis divergentibus, lateralibus elongatis,
angustis, sub lente exilime striatis ; sinu pallii parvulo trian-
gulari, apice acutissimo.

Corbicula Brasiliana, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Para Brasiliensis.

4]. CorBICULA VARIEGATA.

C. testa ovato-elliptica, compressa, tenui, concentricé striata,
epidermide viridescente, brunnea ; latere antico brevi, rotun-
dato, dentibus lateralibus angustatis, crenatis ; violacea, viri-
descenti vel radiatim violacea, intus albida vel violacea.

Cyrena variegata, D’Orb. Mag. de Zool. 1835, p. 44. no. 2.

Cyclas variegata, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. p. 567. pl. 82. f. 14-16.

Cyclas limosa, D’Orb. (non Maton) Expl. de la pl. 82.

Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 9. no. 5. pl. 2. f. 5.

Hab. In fluviis reipublicee Urugayensis orientalis.

i. Species quarum patria ignota est.

42. CoRBICULA PULLATA.

C. testa suborbiculari, parum trigona, subzquilaterali, tumida,
nigro-olivacea, striis transversis elevatis remotiusculis cincta ;
apicibus parum tumidis, cariosis ; dentibus lateralibus elonga-
tis, serrulatis, anticis subeequalibus ; pagina interna atro-vio-
lacea.

Cyrena pullata, Phil. Abbild. Conch. iii. 110. no. 6.

Hab. 2

43. CoRBICULA OBSCURA.

C. testa ovato-suborbiculari, depressiuscula, subzequilaterali, ex-
tremitatibus eequaliter obtusa, transversim nregulariter striata,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 233

striis anticé profundioribus, epidermide atro-virescente vestita ;
cardine tridentato, dentibus zqualibus divergentibus, dentibus
lateralibus brevibus, angustis, antico paulo longiore ; impres-
sione pallii posticé sinuosa, sinu brevissimo, lato.

Corbicula obscura, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ——? Coll. Cuming.

44. CoRBICULA INCRASSATA.

C. testa ovato-trigona, valde inzequilaterali, crassa, solida, cunei-
formi, transversim densé striata, epidermide atro-viridi ves-
tita, latere antico brevi valde declivi, obtuso, postico subangu-
lato ; margine inferiore parum arcuato ; umbonibus tumidis,
oppositis, szepius erosis; cardine incrassato, tridentato, dentibus
cardinalibus subparallelis, lateralibus densissime et argute stri-
atis, antico paulo breviori.

Corbicula incrassata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab.

2 Coll. Cuming.

45. CoRBICULA SQUALIDA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, subeequilaterali, tenui,
turgidula, utraque extremitate obtusa, transversim sulcata,
suleis irregularibus distantibus aliquando interruptis, postice
anticéque szpius evanidis; epidermide viridi, fusco atrato,
squalide irregulariter maculata, lineolis capillaceis undulatis
longitudimalibus ornata; umbonibus tumidis, integris, leviga-
tis; valvis intus violaceo-rubris ; cardine angusto, tridentato,
altero bidentato, dentibus exiguis, Jateralibus angustis, equa-
libus striato-serrulatis.

Corbicula squalida, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ——? Coll. Cuming.

46. CoRBICULA SULCATINA.

C. testa ovato-trigona, turgidula, cordiformi, subzquilaterali,
obliqua, transversim dense et tenué sulcata, sulcis posticé eva-
nescentibus ; lunula depressa, levigata; epidermide viridi-
flavescente, ad umbones decorticata; umbonibus levigatis,
prominentibus, obliquis; intus candida, ad margimes pallide
castanea; cardine angusto, utroque latere bidentato, dentibus
lateralibus eequalibus, brevibus, striatis.

Corbicula suleatina, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab.

2? Coll. Cuming.

234 BIVALVE SHELLS.

47. CoRBICULA TRIANGULARIS.

C. testa trigona, eequilaterali, alta, tumidula, solida, epidermide
fuscescente vestita, transversim irregulariter striato-rugosa,
utroque latere «qualiter declivi; umbonibus prominentibus,
violaceo-lividis, vel roseis violaceo subradiatis; valvis intus
superné rubescentibus, ad margines violaceis ; cardine incras-
sato, ineequaliter tridentato ; dentibus lateralibus crassis, pre-
longis, tenuissime striatis.

Corbicula triangularis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab.

2? Coll. Cuming.

k. Species dubie.
48, CoRBICULA DEBILIS.

C. testa parva, tenui, transversé ovata, posticé ampliata, et sub-
truncata, subzequilaterali, transversim liris confertis, subre-
flexis, arata; epidermide nitido, superné olivaceo imduta;
apicibus parum elevatis, erosis, absque lunula ; intus violaceo--
albida; dentibus cardinalibus inconspicuis, lateralibus elon-
gatis, striatis.

Cyrena debilis, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. in. 293;
United States Expl. Exped. Moll. p. 427. f. 529. a, 6.

Hab. In fluvio Hunteriano Nove Hollandiz.
An Cyclas? deficiunt dentes cardinales.

49. CoRBICULA TRIGONELLA.
C. testa parvula, triangulari, subeequilaterali, fulva, leviuseula ;
natibus subviolaceis.

Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 273. no. 1.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 92.
Anton, Verz. der Conch. p. 13. no. 498.

Hab. 2

50. CorsicuLA EuPHRATICA.
Bronn, System. Urwelt. Conch. pl. 4. f. 10.
Hab. 2

Genus 2. BATISSA.

Animal Cyrene simillimum.
Testa ovata vel subcirculari, subcordata, epidermide viridi oli-
vaceo vestita; cardine lato, utriusque valve tridentato, dentibus

BIVALVE SHELLS. 235

divergentibus, inzequalibus, posticali longiore et angustiore ;
dentibus lateralibus elongatis, angustis, acutis, striatis ; igamen-
tum magnum, crassum, subcylindricum ; impressiones musculares
magnze, lunulares vel circulares ; impressio pallii simplex.

Cyrena (ex parte), Lamk. Syst. 1818.
Corbicula (spec.), Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, p. 184.
Batissa, Gray, Ann. 8 Mag. N. H. ser. 2. x1. 34, 1852.

a. Species Javanice.
1. BATISSA ROTUNDATA.

B. testa rotundata, sublenticulari, subzequilaterali, transversim
rugata; latere posteriori rugoso ; valvulis crassis ; natibus par-
vis, acutis. contiguis ; dentibus cardinalibus subbifidis ; late-
ralibus longis, minute serratis, rectisque; margarita alba et
purpurea.

Cyrena rotundata, Lea, Trans. of Amer. Phil. Soc. y. 107. pl. 17.
f. 51; Obdserv. on the Genus Unio, i. 219. pl. 17. f. 51.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 93; in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2.
pl. 14. f. 55.

Hab. Java; insulz Philippinenses.

2. BATISSA EXIMIA.

B. testa ovato-orbiculari, crassiuscula, zequilaterali, transversim
striata, margine subrugosa; umbonibus tumidis, obliquis, haud
erosis, plicis obsoletis rugulosis irregularibus ab 1isdem ad latus
posticum decurrentibus ; epidermide atro-fusca marginem ver-
sus sublamellosa; imtus alba, dentibus cardinalibus in utraque
valva tribus, majoribus bifidis, lateralibus valve sinistree haud
crenulatis, antico valde crasso, brevi, cardine approximato,
dente postico remoto, longiore, subcompresso, ligamento pecu-
liari crasso, in dorso compresso et carinato.

Cyrena eximia, Dunk. Zeitsch. fiir Malac. 1852, p. 51. no. 4.
Hab. In flumine Progo, prope Mangelang, in insula Java.

b. Species Philippinenses.

3. BaTissA KERAUDRENIA. B.M.

B. testa obovata, ineequilaterali, crassa, solida, compressiuscula,
maxima ; latere antico brevi, rotundato, postico latiore, superné
subdeclivi, angulum obtusum ad extremitatem ligamenti for-
mante, margine ventrali convexiusculo; umbonibus recurvis,
prominulis, obliquis, approximatis, szepius integris aliquantisper
erosis ; ligamento permagno, prominente cylindraceo, postice

236 BIVALVE SHELLS.

subito truncato; epidermide crassa, atro-fuscescente vel oli-
vacea; valvis intus albis, ad margines inferné posticéque pur-
pureo-violaceis ; cardine incrassato ; dentibus cardinakbus
ineequalibus, mediano valve dextree majore, antico breviore,
postico angustiore et longiore ; dentibus lateralibus angustis,
elongatis, superné transversim striatis, aliquantisper violaceo
tinctis.

Cyrena Keraudrenia, Lesson, Voy. de la Cog. Moll. p. 429. pl. 11.
f. 3 (1829).

Cyrena philippimarum, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 259 ;
in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 14. f. 60.

Var. 8. Testa paulo depressiore, posticé angulata.

Hab. Insula Waigiou dicta atque msulz Philippienses; flu-
viis insulee Nicobarice.

4. BATISSA INSIGNIS.

B. testa ovato-orbiculari, obliqué inzequilaterali, tumida, tenui,
intus violacea, epidermide nigro-virescente, nitido vestita, in
latere autico late sulcata, sulcis remotis, ad lunulam szpius
inter se conjungentibus ; umbonibus prominentibus erosis,
anticé inclinatis ; cardine angusto, obliquo, inzequaliter triden-
tato; dentibus im valva sinistra angustioribus, mediano bifido,
in dextra crassioribus simplicibus ; dentibus lateralibus angus-
tis, postico valvze sinistre laminato apice regulariter serrulato.

Batissa insignis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Calamang, insula Luzon Philippinarum. Coll. Cuming.

5. BATISSA TRIQUETRA.

B. testa trigona, obliqua, imeequilaterali, cuneiformi, levigata,
epidermide nigro vestita, depressiuscula ; margine antico rec-
tilimeo, postico valde convexo, dilatato, inferiore vix arcuato ;
umbonibus profunde erosis ; lamina cardinali angusta, denti-
bus cardinalibus tribus meequalibus, brevibus, subeanalicu-
latis ; lateralibus elongatis, angustis, subaequalibus, antico car-
dine adnato, postico remoto ; valvis tenuibus intus albis.

Batissa triquetra, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Insule Philippinenses; Australia. Coll. Cuming.

6. BATISSA PRODUCTA.

B, testa suborbiculari, valde obliqua, ineequilaterali, depressius-
cula, crassa, solida, transversim laté et obsoleté plicata vel sub-
undulata, epidermide polita, atro-virescente vestita, mtus su-
perne alba, posticé infernéque violacea; umbonibus magnis,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 237

productis, anticé obliquatis ; cardine lato, crasso, valde obliquo,
mequaliter tridentato, dentibus majoribus superné obsoleté
canaliculatis, lateralibus validis, antico crasso, obsoleté rugoso
vel striato, postico compressiore et paulo longiore, latere antico
brevi rotundato, postico dilatato.

Batissa producta, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Insule Philippmnenses. Coll. Cuming.

7. BaTissA CHILDREN. B.M.

B. testa ovato-subrotunda, obliqua, meequilaterali, depressiuscula,
crassa, solida, posticé ab umbonibus obscuré subangulata,
epidermide fusco-viridi nitente mduta, mtus alba, m fornice
seepius aurantio-purpurascente posticée violacea; latere antico
breviore, obtuso, transversim meequaliter sulcato; sulcis in
medio evanidis; latere postico latiore rugis iregularibus di-
vergentibus notato, lamina cardinali lata, crassa, dentibus pri-
mariis tribus imequalibus, in utraque valva medianis validiori-
bus; dentibus lateralibus subzequalibus, antico basi lato.

Cyrena Children, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825, p. 117.
Venus Childreni, Gray in Wood, Ind. Suppl. pl. 2. f. 13.

Var. 8. Testa minore paulo transversiore magis depressa.
Hab. Ynsule Philippimenses.

8. BATISSA LENTICULARIS.

B. testa orbiculari, tantum alta quam lata, equilaterali, subsym-
metrica, lenticulari, turgidula, epidermide nitidissima atro-vi-
rescente vestita, lineis longitudinalibus tenuissimis obsoletis
nregulariter in medio radiata, tus albo-violacea; latere antico
posticum equante et equaliter obtuso ; cardine angusto, tri-
dentato; dentibus majoribus superné canaliculatis, mediano
valve dextree majori; dentibus lateralibus subeequalibus, antico
crassiore, tenué rugoso, postico laminato obsoleté striato ; um-
bonibus parvis, acutis, integris, oppositis.

Batissa lenticularis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. Insule Philippmenses (Cuming). Coll. Cuming.

c. Species Sumatrensis.
9. BATISSA JAYENSIS.

B. testa subrotunda, ineequilaterali, anticé rugosa; valvulis
crassis ; natibus parvis, elevatis ; dentibus cardmalibus bifidis ;
lateralibus longis, minute serratis rectisque margarita purpurea.

238 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cyrena Jayensis (Jayana), Lea, Trans. of Amer. Phil. Soc. v. 108.
pl. 17. f. 52; Observ. on Gen. Unio, i. 220. pl. 17. f. 52.

Hab. In fluviis nsulee Sumatrensis.

d. Species Australienses,

10. BATISSA TENEBROSA. BM.

B. testa ovata, fusco-virente, transversim striata; natibus valde
erosis ; dentibus lateralibus serrulatis: latere antico rectius-
culo ; intus violacea.

Cyrena tenebrosa, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. p.81; Voy. of Sulphur,
p. 66. pl. 21. f. 7.
Hanley in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 15. f. 2.

Had. Insulas Feejee dictas.

ll. BATISSA VIOLACEA. B.M.

B. testa ovato-transversa, elliptica, compressa, ineequilaterali,
erassa, solida, anticé posticeéque obtusa; margine superiore
utroque declivi; umbonibus tumidulis, decorticatis, parum
obliquis ; latere antico laté suleato, postico irregulariter striato ;
epidermide crassa, viridi-fuscescente, polita; valvis intus pur-
pureo-violaceis vel vivide purpuratis; cardine crasso; dentibus
meequalibus, lateralibus transversim sulcatis.

Cyclas, Brug. Ency. pl. 301. f. 1. a, b.
Cyrena violacea, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 553. no. 7.
Desh. Ency. Méth. Vers, ii. 49. no. 9 ; in Lamk. An. s. Vert.
ed. 2. vi. 275. no. 7.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. of Lamk. pl. 7. f. 5.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. i. 92.
Anton, Verz. der Conch. p. 13. no. 499.
Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 13. f. 13.
Phil. Abbild. Conch. wii. 108. no. 2. pl. 3. f. 2.
Var. suborbicularis, Mousson, Moll. de Java, p. 88. pl. 15. f. 12
(an altera species?)

Hab. Nova Guinea (Lesson). Var. suborbicularis insule Java-
nice (Mousson).

12. BATISSA OBESA. B.M.

5. testa ovata, turgida, flavo-virente, transversim striata; natibus
subintegris ; dentibus lateralibus serrulatis ; latere antico con-
vexo; intus pallide violacea.

.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 939

Cyrena obesa Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist.x.81; Voy. of Sulphur, p. 66.
pl. 21. f. 6. 5
Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 15. f. 3.

Hab. Insule Feejee dict.

13. BATISSA CORBICULOIDES. B.M.

B. testa obliqué triangulari, mequilaterali, tumida, crassa, solida,
epidermide squalide viridi-fuscescente vestita, transversim in-
zqualiter sulcata et striata; umbonibus productis erosis, ob-
liquis ; lunula angulo obtusissimo notata, magna, ovato-lan-
ceolata, leevigata ; area posticali rugis wregularibus obsoletis
divaricatis corrugata ; cardine lato, crasso, mzequaliter triden-
tato, dentibus compressis, divergentibus, simplicibus ; dentibus
lateralibus sicut in Corbiculis elongatis, angustis, tenueé striatis,
antico paulo breviore; valvis intus albis, in margine postico
violaceo maculatis.

Batissa corbiculoides, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Nova Guinea (Jukes).

14. BaTissA HUMEROSA.

B. testa trigona, imequilaterali, cuneiformi, superné gibbosa,
transversim ineequaliter striato-sulcata ; epidermide nigrescente
vestita, intus alba, im medio pallide purpureo tincta; latere
antico rectilineo, valde declivi, mferné obtusé angulato, margine
dorsali leviter convexo, declivi, margine inferiore parum arcu-
ato, rugis aliquibus in latere postico divergentibus ; umbonibus
profundeé erosis ; cardine lato, tridentato, dentibus ineequalibus
sumplicibus, medianis majoribus ; dente laterali antico cardine
adnato, wregulariter corrugato, postico longiore, angustiore,
stris brevibus notato.

Batissa humerosa, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Nova Guinea. Coll. Cuming.

e. Species quarum patria ignota est.
15. BATISSA MEGADESMA.

B. testa ovato-transversa, magna, crassa, ponderosa, ineequilate-
rali, anticé brevi, obtusa, rotundata, fusco-nigrescente, laté et
uregulariter transversim undulata, anticé sulculosa ; latere
supero et postico sulco obsoleto decurrente distincto ; liga-
mento maximo, elongato, eylindraceo, in medio carinato ; um-
bonibus erosis; valvis mtus candidissimis; cardine crasso, in
utraque valva tridentato, dente posticali valvze sinistre angusto,

240 BIVALVE SHELLS.

elongato, dentibus obliquis ; dente laterali antico cardine
proximo irregulariter suleato, posticali angusto cardine remo-
tissimo.

Batissa megadesma, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844.

Hab. z

16. BATISSA ATRATA.

B. testa orbiculari, sublenticulari, zequilaterali, transversim obso-
leté striato-sulcata, intus extusque aterrime violacea; umboni-
bus brevibus minimis, oppositis, approximatis, apice decorti-
catis ; valvis tenuibus ; cardine angusto, inzequaliter tridentato ;
dente antico in utraque valva angusto; dentibus lateralibus
brevioribus, angustis, obliqué sulcato-rugosis ; impressione
pallii posticé leviter inflexa.

Batissa atrata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. 2

Genus 3. VELORITA.

Animal ignotum.

Testa alta, crassa, solida, cordiformis, epidermide nitente ves-
tita, posticé truncata, angulata; cardine crasso, lato, ineequaliter
tridentato, dentibus compressis, parum obliquis, antico valve
dextra brevissimo, postico valvz sinistre obsoleto ; dentes late-
rales valde inzequales, anticus crassus, brevis, transversus, cardine
coadunatus, posticus elongatus, tenuissime striatus, cardine remo-
tus; musculorum cicatriculz subrotundate, eequales; pallii im-
pressio posticé sinu brevissimo terminata ; ligamentum externum,
breve, angustum, semicylindraceum.

Cyrena (sp.), Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825, p. 137.

Venus, Gray in Wood (1828), Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 2. f. 14.

Velorita, Gray (1834), Griff. Anim. Kingd. Moll. pl. 31. f. 5.
(misprint Villorita); Syn. B. M. (1842) 75; Proc. Zool. Soc.
1847, p. 184; Ann. & Mag. N. H. ser. 2. xi. 34.

Villarita, Dunker, 1846 (misprint).

Cyrenodonte, Johannis, Mag. Zool. 1836, t. 70.

1. VELORITA CYPRINOIDES.

V. testa trigonali, altiori quam lata, cordiformi, valde inaequila-
terali, crassa, tumida, solidissima, transversim regulariter sul-
cata, sulcis anticé posticéque evanescentibus ; epidermide oli-
vaceo-fuscescente nitidissime vestita, latere antico latiore, laté
semicirculari, postico brevissimo, recto, valde declivi, angulo

BIVALVE SHELLS. 241

obtuso cireumscripto ; cardine lato, crasso, brevi, inequaliter
tridentato, dentibus angustis, elongatis, parallelis, apice vix
canaliculatis ; dente laterali antico maximo, crasso, cardine
valde approximato, postico longiore, angusto, valde separato.

Cyrena cyprinoides, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825, p. 137.

Velorita cyprinoides, Gray in Griff. Anim. Kingd. pl. 31. f. 5;
Ann. & Mag. N. H. ser. 2. xi. 39.

Venus cyprinoides, Gray in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. pl. 2. f. 11.

Hab. Fluviis Japonicis.

Genus 4. CYRENA.

Animal ovatum, transversum; pallium ad margines simplex
vel fimbriatim, posticé tracheis binis basi connatis, brevibus, ter-
minatum. Pes magnus, compressus, ovato-trigonus; labiarum
appendices elongate, ovatze, trigonz, necnon conjuncte ; branchize
inzequalissime, mterna major subquadrangularis, externa minima
subtrigona.

Testa ovata vel subtrigona, crassa, solida, epidermide vestita,
cardo in utraque valva tridentatus, dentes paulo divergentes ;
dentes laterales duo, inaequales ; antico breviore cardine approxi-
mato; impressio pallii simplex.

Venus, Chemn. (1782) Conch. vi. 333.

Cyclas (ex parte), Brug. (1792) Ency. Méth. pl. 301, 302.
Lamk. (1802) Syst. des An. s. Vert.

Cyrena (pro parte), Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. v. 551.

Cyrena 8, Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 184.

Geloina, Gray (1840), Syn. Mus. Brit. 1844, p. 75.

Cyrena, Gray (1851), Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2. xi. 48.

Polymeroda, Rafin. Ann. Gen. Sci. Nat. Brux. 1820, v. 219.

Synopsis SPECIERUM.

I. Cyrene vere,

A. Testa ovata, suborbicularis vel subtrigona, epidermide lamel-
losa vel squamulosa.

a. Testa subtrigona, 1-13.
b. Testa ovata, 14-30.
ce. Testa suborbieularis, 31-34.

B. Testa a tumida, subcordiformi, epidermide nitente,
35-41.

11

242 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Il. Cyrene anomales.

a. Testa ovata, turgidula, 42-49.

b. Testa tenuis, rotundata, cordiformis, 50-58.
III. Species incerta, 59, 60.

I. Cyrene vere.
A. Testa ovata, suborbicularis vel subtrigona.
a. Testa subtrigona.
1. CyRENA TRIANGULARIS.

C. testa trigona, solidiuscula, epidermide fusco-virescente, trans-
versim striata, striis marginalibus lateralibusque eminentioribus,
suleco ab umbone ad marginem posteriorem leviter impressa ;
margine antico descendente, vix excavato, angulo anteriore
rotundato; margine superiore subrotundato, postico fere bian-
gulato; valvis intus lacteis, margine continuo nitentiore ; den-
tibus cardinalibus in utraque valva tribus, duobus bifidis ; den-
tibus lateralibus brevibus, tenuissime rugosis haud striatis.

Cyrena triangularis, Metcalfe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851, p.74. no. 36.
Hab. Borneo.

2. CyRENA TURGIDA.

C. testa trigona, inflata, parte antica turgida, rugosa, inequilaterali,
transversim rugata; valvulis crassis ; natibus elevatis, recurvis ;
dentibus cardinalibus sub-bifidis ; dente anteriore laterali brevi
et elevato, posteriore longo et laminato; margarita alba.

Cyrena turgida, Lea, Trans. of Amer. Phil. Soc. y. 109. pl. 18.
f. 53; Observ. on the Genus Unio, i. 221. pl. 18. f. 53.

Hanley, Descr. Cat. i. 93; in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2.
pl. 14. f. 50.

Hab. In fluviis Indie.
3. CyRENA SUMATRENSIS.

C. testa ovali, gibbosa, crassa, intus alba aut flavescente, extus
fusco-virescente ; dentibus cardinalibus tribus, duobus majori-
bus, angulatis, sub-bifidis, dentibus lateralibus brevibus, tenu-
issime rugosis.

Cyrena Sumatrensis, Sow. Gen. of Shells, f. 1-4.

Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 277. no. 15.
Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 63.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p.94; inWood, Ind. Test. Sup.2. pl. 15.f.1.

Hab. In rivulis insule Sumatrensis.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 243

4, CyRENA BENGALENSIS. . BM.

C. testa subcordata, trigona, imeequilaterali, tumidiuscula, crassa,
solida, alba sub epidermide squalide fuscescenti, transversim
irregulariter striata ; latere antico valde declivi, planulato, pos-
teriore dorsali parum convexo; margine inferiore vix arcuato ;
umbonibus erosis obliqué incurvatis parum prominentibus ;
valvis intus albis, cardine incrassato, obliqué tridentato; den-
tibus subparallelis sensim crescentibus, duobus in valva dextra
bifidis uno mediano in valva sinistra; antico minore, dentibus
lateralibus maximis, brevibus, simplicibus; impressione pallii
prope marginem inferiorem descendente ; nymphis latis, de-
pressis; ligamento angusto, brevi, partim immerso.

Cyrena Bengalensis, Desh. Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed.2.vi.276.no. 10.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 7. £. 6. a-d.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 91; in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2.
pl. 13. f. 14.

Hab. In rivulis Bengalensibus.

5. Cyrena Buscuit. B.M.

C. testa trigono-orbiculari, ineequilaterali, alba, incrassata, solida,
tumidiuscula ; epidermide olivaceo-viridi vel castanea, regula-
riter concentricé lamellata ; latere antico brevi, obtuso, declivi,
rectilineo, planiusculo ; postico convexiusculo, ad extremitatem
obtuso ; inferiore parum arcuato; umbonibus obliqué promi-
nulis, seepius integris, cardine angusto, dentibus cardinalibus
tribus, inequalibus, sensim crescentibus, duobus posticis valve
dextrze anterioribus, valve sinistrz bifidis, dentibus lateralibus
brevibus, antico cardine approximato.

Cyrena Buschu, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 8. no. 2. pl. 2. f. 2.
Hab. China.

6. CyRENA EXPANSA.

C. testa crassiuscula, subinflata, inequilaterali, rotundato-tri-
gona, lineis transversis aquidistantibus, anticé punctatis, pos-
ticé crispulatis ornata, nitida, extus viridi-lutea, intus tota
alba; margine cardinali, brevi, anteriori et inferiori rotundatis ;
posteriori subexpanso, infra angulato; dentibus cardinalibus
duobus bifidis, tertio simplici, in valva dextra anteriori, in
sinistra posteriori; dente laterali antico subapproximato, pos-
teriori subremoto.

Cyrena expansa, Mousson, Moll. Java, p. 89. no. 6. pl. 14.

Hab. Insula Javanica (Mousson),
11*

244 BIVALVE SHELLS.

7. CYRENA FALLAX. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, plus minusve tumida, crassa, solida, in
medio ventricosa, epidermide squalide fuscescente, ferrugmea,
in junioribus flavescente vestita, transversim irregulariter striata;
latere antico breviore, superné fere rectilineo, declivi, rotun-
dato, margine postico superiore recto, declivi ; extremitate pos-
tica sensim attenuata, breviter truncata ; area plana, leevigata,
angulo obtusissimo circumscripta; cardine satis lato, dentibus
tribus ineequalibus in valva dextra crassioribus majoribus bilo-
batis ; dente laterali antico compresso brevi, postico longiore.

Cyrena fallax, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Bab. Tnsule Philippinenses ; Australia (Cuming). Coll. Cu-
ming.

8. CYRENA INQUINATA.

C. testa orbiculato-trigona, turgida, inflata, subcordiformi, in-
zquilaterali, epidermide squalide fusca, fuligmosa densé irre-
gulariter lamellosa vestita; umbonibus tumidis profundé ero-
sis; margine superiore antico declivi, rectilineo, postico con-
vexiusculo, inferiore subsemicireulari; valvis solidiusculis intus
albis; cardine angusto, arcuato, tridentato; dentibus meequa-
libus, brevibus, obliquis, parallelis, angustis, parum prominen-
tibus, duobus bifidis; dentibus lateralibus minimis, brevibus,
antico prominentiore; ligamento brevi, partim infosso; im-
pressione pallii prope marginem decurrente.

Cyrena inquinata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. In fluviis Chimensibus.

9. CYRENA CONJUNCTA.

C. testa orbiculato-trigona, crassa, solida, ventricosa, subzequi-
laterali, utroque latere obtusa, rotundata, inferné regulariter
arcuata, margine antero-superiore declivi, rectilineo, postico
convexo, epidermide viridi-fuscescente, transversim regulariter
tenue lamellosa; umbonibus tumidis, obliquis, brevibus, obtu-
sis, erosis; ligamento brevi, angusto, immerso; valvis intus
albis ; dentibus cardinalibus tribus inequalibus, postico yalvee
dextre latiore, ineequaliter bifido, mediano eminentiore, acuto,
profundé bilobato ; dentibus lateralibus parvis, distantibus,
antico eminentiore, conico, compresso.

Cyrena conjuncta, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854,
Hab, ——?

—_-—

BIVALVE SHELLS. 245

10. CyRENA LAUTA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, inzquilaterali, superné
infernéque convexiuscula, posticé subtruncata, anticé valde
declivi, rectilinea, crassa, solida, in medio convexa ; epidermide
fusca, nitida, tenue irregulariter striata ; umbonibus depressis,
brevibus, apice acutis, approximatis, seepius erosis ; lamina
cardinali lata, dentibus cardinalibus tribus obliquis, angustis,
elongatis, approximatis, feré parallelis, superné canaliculatis,
antico valve dextree dimidia parte breviore ; dentibus laterali-
bus subzequalibus, postico valde remoto.

Cyrena lauta, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854,
Hab. 2

11. CyrENA SIMILIS.

C. testa ovato-trigona, oblonga, inzequilaterali, in medio tumida,
transversim distanter striata, epidermide fuscescente, ferrugi-
nea nitente vestita; umbonibus minimis decorticatis; latere
autico brevi, rotundato, cbtuso, latere postico superné con-
vexiusculo, declivi, sensim attenuato, extremitate breviter sub-
truncato ; dentibus tribus, primariis duobus subzequalibus apice
inzequaliter bifidis; dentibus lateralibus minimis, antico valve
sinistre conico, depressiusculo, postico longiore.

Cyrena oblonga, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Manilla. Coll. Cuming.

12. CYRENA AFFINIS.

C. testa oviformi, ovato-transversa, ineequilaterali, ventricosa,
crassa, solida, epidermide tenui, fusco-ochracea levigata induta,
transversim ineequaliter striata, subcontabulata; umbonibus
minimis, depressis, integris, vix prominentibus, latere antico
brevi, laté rotundato, postico attenuato, obtuso; cardine an-
gusto, dentibus tribus angustis, duobus majoribus profundé
canaliculatis ; dentibus lateralibus equalibus, antico acutius-
culo, postico valde remoto.

Cyrena affinis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Australia (Cuming). Coll. Cuming.

13. CyRENA OVIFORMIS.

C. testa ovato-transversa, crassa, solida, turgida, ineequilaterali,
transversim irregulariter incrementis striata; area lunulaque
levigatis, epidermide tenui, brunnea vel flavescente vestita;
anticé brevi, declivi, obtusa, posticé magis attenuata ; latere

246 BIVALVE SHELLS.

superiore postico convexiusculo ; umbonibus brevibus, depres-
sis, apice acuminatis, sepius er Osis ; ligamento angusto, elon-
gato, vix immerso ; valvis profundis, intus albis ; cardine an-
gusto, arcuato, inzequaliter tridentato ; dentibus divaricatis,
duobus in utraque valva inzqualiter apice bilobatis ; dente
laterali antico conico, crasso, promineuti, compresso, dente
postico longiore, angustiore.

Cyrena oviformis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. Insula Basilan Philippinarum ; Portus Essingtonensis.
Coll. Cuming.

b. Testa ovata.

14. CyRENA MACTROIDES.

C, testa ovato-transversa, depressa, mzequilaterali, epidermide
viridi-glaucescente et transversim striato-laminata vestita, pos-
ticé lamellis appressis imbricatis ; umbonibus brevibus, ob-
liquis, approximatis, integris ; latere antico brevi, laté obtuso,
postico superné declivi, attenuato, subangulato; cardine an-

usto, dentibus cardinalibus compressis, majoribus apice pro-
fand’ furcatis; lateralibus compressis, brevibus, in fossulis an-
gustis profundisque valvule dextre receptis ; ligamento an-
gusto, tenui, immerso.

Cyrena mactroides, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ? Coll. Cuming.

15. CyRENA VENTRICOSA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subtrigona, ineequilaterali, in senioribus
crassa, solida, ponderosa, in medio turgida, epidermide squa-
lide fuscescente aut rubiginosa, tenui, inferné posticéque brevi-
ter lamellosa et atrata vestita, intus candidissima, anticé su-
perne arcuato-declivi, obtusa, posticé sensim attenuata, trun-
cata; margine superiore dorsali rectilineo, declivi ; umbonibus
parvis, parum obliquis; cardine angusto, tridentato, dentibus
meequalibus majoribus bifidis subparallelis ; dentibus laterali-
bus crassis, compressiusculis, postico paulo longiore ; liga-
mento angusto, partim immerso; area posticali planata.

Cyrena ventricosa, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Insule Philippinenses ; Australia. Coll. Cuming.

16, Cyrena GALATHES,

C. testa cordato-trigona, imequilaterali, turgida, concentricé
striata, posticé longiore, truncata, anticé et inferné angulata ;

BIVALVE SHELLS. 247

umbonibus distantibus, prominentibus; lunula rhomboidali,
medio carinata; area lanceolata, convexa; ligamento tumido,
longiore, valvis intus albis, cardine forniceque flavescentibus ;
epidermide nigrescente, anticé obsoleté radiata ; dentibus late-
ralibus brevibus, antico conico intrante, postico oblongo.

Cyrena Galathex, Morch, Cat. Conch. Kierulf. p.32. t.2; Zeitsch.
fiir Malac. no. 8. p. 128.

Hab. In insula Nicobar, fluv. Galathez.

17. CYRENA CYPRINOIDES.

C. testa magna, turgida, cordata, imequilaterali, transversim
striata; epidermide viridi, anticé posticéque fuscescente ; car-
dine angusto ; dentibus lateralibus brevibus.

Cyrena cyprinodes, Quoy. & Gaim. Voy. del Astrol. Moll. pl. 82.
f. 1, 2, 3 (non Gray).
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p.93; Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 14.
f. 54.

Hab. In aquis paludosis, stagnantibus, Nove Guinex (Quoy).

18. CyRENA DIVARICATA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-subcirculari, inzequilaterali, tumida, crassa, solida,
epidermide fusco-nigrescente vestita, transversim imequaliter
obsolete striata, rugis undulatis, irregularibus, in latere postico
divergentibus ; umbonibus obliquis, profundé erosis; latere
antico breviore, superné recto, declivi, in medio attenuato, sub-
angulato, latere postico lato, dilatato, obtusé subtruncato ;
lamina cardinali lata, plana; dentibus primariis tribus, ine-
qualibus, angustissimis, in valva sinistra duobus latis valde
pediculatis, in valva dextra profundé canaliculatis; dentibus
lateralibus minimis, antico conico, acuto, postico oblongo,
angusto.

Cyrena divaricata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Nova Guinea.

19. CYRENA PALLIDA. B.M.

C. testa orbiculato-trigona, magna, solida, in medio convexa, in-
zquilaterali, anticé posticéque declivi, rectilinea, extremitate
posticali attenuata, brevi, truncata, epidermide tenui, luteo-
flaveseente laté striata, vestita ; umbonibus parvis obtusis ;
area posticali plana, angulo obtusissimo circumscripta ; liga-
mento brevi, angusto, partim immerso; valvis solidis, intus
candidissimis, cardine angusto tridentato, dentibus angustis,

248 BIVALVE SHELLS.

duobus in utraque valva bifidis ; dente laterali antico, crasso,
conico, compresso, posticali elongato, compresso.

Cyrena pallida, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ?

20. CYRENA ZEYLANICA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, inequilaterali, tumida, epidermide
transversim striata olivaceo-viridi vestita; anticé posticéque
eequaliter declivi, extremitatibus rotundata, inferné convexius-
eula; umbonibus parum obliquis, erosis; imtus alba; cardine
angusto, tridentato, dentibus inzqualibus subparallelis, mediano
et posticali valve dextre, antico et mediano valyz sinistre
apice bifidis; dentibus lateralibus breyibus, simplicibus, a
cardine parum remotis.

Rumph. sli. F. H?
Cyclas Ceylanica, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. xii. 279.
Venus Ceylanica, Chemn. Conch. vi. 333. t. 32. f. 336.
Venus coaxans, Gmel. p. 3278. no. 41.

Encycl. p. 302. f. 4. a, b.

Desh. Ency. Méth. Vers, ii. 49. no. 8.

Blainv. Malac. pl. 73. f. 2.

Mousson, Moll. Java, p. 89. no. 5. pl. 13.

Hab. In fluviis insule Zeylanice atque Javanice.

21. CyRENA DECIPIENS.

C. testa ovato-subtrigona, tumida, inzquilaterali, parum crassa,
epidermide viridi, lamellis transversis distantibus crispis in-
structa vestita, lamellis posticé multo numerosioribus appres-
sis erectis ; umbonibus minimis decorticatis, vix obliquis ; latere
antico breviore, superné convexiusculo, declivi, inferné obtuso,
postico rotundato ; valvis intus albis ; cardine angusto, triden-
tato, dentibus majoribus profundé furcatis, lateralibus angus-
tis, compressis, antico valve sinistre fureato, fossula valve
dextree anticé marginata.

Cyrena decipiens, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ——? Coll. Cuming.

22. CYRENA SUBLOBATA.

C, testa ovato-transversa, subquadrangulari, valde inzequilaterali,
tumidiuscula, epidermide viridi-nigrescente, transversim striata
et laminosa vestita; laminis erispis inferné posticéque nume-
rosioribus ; latere antico brevissimo, declivi, feré rectilineo,
inferné obtuso; margine superiore et inferiore subparallelis,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 949

zequaliter convexiusculis, latere postico laté truncato, sulco
profundo flexuraque distincto quasi sublobato ; cardine an-
gusto, dentibus inzequalibus tribus, valde obliquis, in valva
sinistra angustioribus, in dextra validioribus, apice profundé et
inequaliter bilobatis; dente laterali antico conico acuto, pos-
tico elongato compresso, extremitate postico remoto.

Cyrena sublobata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. 2 Coll. Cuming.

23. CYRENA SINUOSA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-rotundata, tumida, cordiformi, solida, valde m-
zquilaterali, epidermide fusco-fuligimosa, transversim tenue
lamellosa vestita; latere antico brevi, rotundato, postico sub-
truncato, latere supero-posticali sulco profundo simuoso
decurrente separato; umbonibus tumidis, brevibus, sapius
erosis ; ligamento angusto, partim infosso; valvis intus albis,
cardine crasso, utroque latere tridentato, dentibus obliquis,
mediano et postico dente valve dextrz bifidis; dentibus late-
ralibus brevibus, antico crasso, conico, apice acuto.

Cyrena sinuosa, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. In flumine Paningbang insule Javanice.

24. CyRENA IMPRESSA. B.M.

C. testa ovato-suborbiculari, obscuré subquadrangulari, valde in-
eequilaterali, turgida, mediocriter crassa, epidermide viridi-
glaucescente transversim tenuissime laminata, postice inferneé-
que atrovirente Jamellis szepius crispis ; umbonibus minimis,
oblique anticé curvatis, decorticatis, acutis, parum prominen-
tibus ; latere antico declivi, rectilineo, inferne obtuso ; margine
superiore convexiusculo, postico latere subtruncato, suleo im-
presso, ab umbone descendente distincto; lamina cardinali
lata, dentibus primariis tribus angustis, elongatis, prominenti-
bus, apice profunde furcatis ; dente laterali antico conico,
brevi, compresso, postico longiore.

Cyrena impressa, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. Insula Java (Jukes); msule Philippinenses (Cuming) ;
Australia. Coll. Cuming.

25. CyRENA COMPTA.

C. testa ovato-trigona, ventricosiuscula, subsequilaterali, anticé
et posticé feré zqualiter declivi, anticé paulo breviori, rotun-
data, postica obtusa, paululum attenuata, epidermide tenui,

nitente, flavido-virescente tenue striata vestita, latere postico
Lhe

250 BIVALVE SHELLS.

sulco obsoletissimo notato ; umbonibus minimis, obtusis, de-
corticatis ; cardine angusto tridentato, dentibus angustis, basi
paulo angustioribus apice profundeé bilobatis, lateralibus com-
pressis, antico prominenti acuto, postico longiore.

Cyrena compta, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. -——? Coll. Cuming.

26. CYRENA NITIDA.

C. testa orbiculato-trigona, depressiuscula, inzquilaterali, epi-
dermide prasina, nitente levigata vestita ; latere antico obtuso,
breviore, postico magis attenuato, flexura decurrente, obliqua,
sinuato, margine superiore postico convexo, inferiore regulari-
ter arcuato; umbonibus parvis, depressis, obliquis, approxi-
matis; ligamento elongato, partim imfosso ; valvis crassis,
solidis, intus candidissimis ; cardine angusto, ineequaliter tri-
dentato ; dentibus obliquis latis in valva dextra, angustis in
altera; dente laterali postico compresso, conico, acuto, antico
breviori.

Cyrena nitida, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. 2 Coll. Cuming.

27. CYRENA PAPUA.

C, testa suborbiculari, lenticulari, depressiuseula, subzequilaterali,
margine dorsali utroque equaliter dechivi et arcuato, inferiore
valde areuato; umbonibus parvis, parum prominentibus, vix
obliquis, integris ; epidermide viridi-glaucescente regulariter
transversim striata, posticé subsquamosa; valvis intus albis ;
cardine angusto, tridentato, dente mediano apice bifido, basi
coarctato, angustiore ; dentibus lateralibus parvis, simplicibus,
posteriore angustiore.

Cyrena Papua, Lesson, Voy. de la Cog. Zool. p. 428; Mag. de
Zool. pl. 11.

Hab. Nova Guinea, et insula Waigiou dicta.

28. CyRENA INCERTA.

C. testa ovato-suborbiculari, ventricosa, imzquilaterali, parum
crassa, transversim irregulariter striata, striis tenuibus profun-
dis ; epidermide squalide fuscescente posticé nigrescente et
nitente vestita ; umbonibus minimis, integris, parum obliquis
valde approximatis, lunula in medio prominente, latere antico
brevi, laté rotundato, postico declivi, attenuato, extremitate
subtruncato; cardine angusto, tridentato, dentibus minimis,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 251

angustis, ineequalibus, majoribus profundé furcatis, lateralibus
inequalibus, compressis, antico majore.

Cyrena incerta, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. 2 Coll. Cuming.

29. CyrENA ESSINGTONENSIS. B.M.

C. testa ovato-suburbiculari, subtriangulari, ineequilaterali, trans-
versim striata, striis ineequalibus, epidermide viridi-fuscescente,
posticé nigrescente vestita; antico latere breviore rotundato,
superné leviter arcuato, declivi, postico paululum angustiore ;
cardine angusto, inzequaliter tridentato, dentibus prominen-
tibus apice profundé fissis, basi coarctatis, subpediculatis, den-
tibus lateralibus parvis, antico majore conico, fossula valvule
dextre profunda, superné canaliculata, dente cardinali ejusdem
valvule obliqué prominente.

Cyrena Essingtonensis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Portus Essingtoniensis (Cuming). Coll. Cuming.

30. CyRENA JUKESI. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, turgidula, inzequilaterali, transversim ir-
regulariter striata, epidermide nitida flavicante pallide vires-
cente et brevissime laminata vestita, latere antico brevi, su-
perné feré rectilineo, declivi, postico rotundato, superné con-
vexiusculo ; valvis intus albis, umbonibus mimuimis, brevibus,
anticé obliquatis; cardine angusto tridentato, dentibus sub-
equalibus, duobus majoribus apice bifidis, angustis, lateralibus
subzequalibus, conicis, compressis.

Cyrena Jukesi, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Caput Upstart dictum Australie septentrionalis.

ce. Testa suborbicularis.

31. CYRENA SUBORBICULARIS. B.M.

C. testa suborbiculari, valde ineequilaterali, alba, sub epidermide
viridi regulariter concentricé lamellata, apicibus prominulis.
integris; margine dorsali utroque rotundato, postico anticum
sesquies equante, ventrali valde arcuato ; dentibus cardinalibus
ternis, binis bifidis ; lateralibus brevibus, levibus. (PAzl.)

Cyrena suborbicularis, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 7. pl. 2. f. 1.
Hab. Manilla.

252 BIVALVE SHELLS.

32. CyRENA PLACIDA.

C. testa suborbiculari, sublenticulari, ineequilaterali, in medio
turgidula, epidermide squalide fuscescente tenuissime striata
yestita; umbonibus brevibus, erosis vix prominentibus ; latere
antico breviore laté rotundato, postico truncato angulo decur-
rente obtusissimo separato ; cardine lato, dentibus inequalibus
angustis, elongatis, subparallelis, depressis, apice laté canalicu-
latis; dentibus lateralibus subequalibus depressis compressis,
postico minore.

Cyrena placida, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. 2 Coll. Cuming.

33. CyrENA VANIKORENSIS.

C. testa subrotundata, depressa, solidula, irregulariter striata, intus
alba, extus epidermide fusca vestita ; umbonibus minimis; car-
dine angusto, tridentato, dentibus lateralibus angustis, bre-
vibus.

Cyrena Vanikorensis, Quoy & Gaim. Voy. del’ Astrol. Moll. pl. 82.
f. 4, 5.

Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 93; in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2.
pl. 14. f. 59.

Hab. Insula Vanikorensis.

34. CYyRENA DURA.

C. testa ovato-subrotundata, ventricosa, inequilaterali, crassa,
solida, ponderosa, transversim irregulariter striato-rugosa, epi-
dermide squalide fuscescente ochracea, impolita ; umbonibus
minimis depressis, obliquis, decorticatis ; lunula indistincta, m
medio producta, latere antico laté rotundato, postico eequaliter
rotundato obscuré subtruncato, angulo obtusissimo decurrente
notato; cardine lato, solido, dentibus tribus primariis ineequa-
libus crassis apice emarginatis; dente laterali antico brevi
conico acuto compressiusculo, cardine approximato, postico
oblongo depresso, remoto ; linea pallii sub impressione muscu-
lari postica breviter simuosa.

Cyrena dura, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. 2 Coll. Cuming.

B. Testa trigona, tumida, subcordiformi, epidermide nitente.
35, CyYRENA PLACENS.

C, testa suborbiculari, subventricosa, inzequilaterali, nitida, con-
centricé suleato-striata, epidermide virido-flavescente induta

BIVALVE SHELLS. 253

margine ventrali convexo, dorsali utrinque declivi et convex-
lusculo; natibus erosis; ligamento fulvo, depresso, angusto ;
lunula nulla; superficie interna purpurea; dentibus lateralibus
minutissime rugulosis haud autem crenatis, antico brevi et
subapproximato; sinu pallii angustissimo, satis profundo
arcuato.

Cyrena placens, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 160; in Wood,
Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 14. f. 52.

Hab. Honduras.

36. CYRENA TRIANGULA.

C. testa trigona, subeequilaterali, sub epidermide fusca leviuscula,
alba ad utrumque latus violacea; umbonibus prominulis, inte-
gris ; margine dorsali utroque zque ac venirali parum arcuatis ;
dentibus cardimalibus tribus, lateralibus brevibus, lavibus ; pa-
gina interna utroque latere violacea; sinu palli angastissimo,
triangulari, acutissimo, profunde intrante.

Cyrena triangula, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 8. no. 3. pl. 2. f. 3. °
Hab. ——?

37. CYRENA FonTAINEI. B.M.

C. testa ovato-trigona, compressa, concentricé striata, brunneo-_
viridescente, imtus violacea; latere antico brevi, subrotundato ;
latere postico producto, angulato, subsinuato; deutibus cardi-
nalibus tribus; dentibus lateralibus erectis, simplicibus, an-
gustis, posticali paulo longiore ; nymphis elongatis, angustis ;
sinu pallu angustissimo cuneiformi.

Cyclas Fontaimei, D’ Orb. Voy. en Amer. p. 569. pl. 83. f. 14, 15.
Hab. America centralis.

38. CYRENA ARCTATA.

C. testa trigona, inflata, cordiformi, solidissima, valde inzequila-
terali, transversim regulariter striata, epidermide atro-virente,
nitente, vestita, intusalba, seepius impressionibus muscularibus
violaceis; umbonibus magnis turgidis, obliquis; latere antico
brevi, declivi, rotundato, postico attenuato, subtruncato, angulo
decurrente obtuso circumscripto, area lunulaque levigatis ;
cardine angusto, brevi, crasso, dentibus primariis tribus in-
equalibus parvis, approximatis, simplicibus; dentibus latera-
libus crassis, subeequalibus, prominentibus.

Cyrena arctata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc, 1854.

Hab. Maracaibo. Coll. Cuming.

254 BIVALVE SHELLS.

39. CyRENA SOLIDA, B.M.

C. testa cordata, trigona, turgida, solidissima, inzequilaterali ;
striis transversis confertis; epidermide nigricante; dentibus
lateralibus abbreviatis, integris.

Cyrena solida, Phil. Abbild. Conch. p. 78. pl. 1. f. 9.
Hab, Provincia Nicaraguensis Americ meridionalis.

40. CyRENA RADIATA. B.M.

C. testa rotundato-cordata, crassa, solida, ineequilaterali, tumida,
subnitida, concentricé et subimbricatim suleata; epidermide
olivaceo-fuscescente, et margimem convexum aut subarcuatum
versus, luteo-virescente radiisque nigrescentibus ornata; mar-
gine dorsali postico declivi, convexiusculo; lunula nulla; na-
tibus acutis, incurvatis, integris ; ligamento parum prominente ;
superficie imterna purpurea ; dentibus lateralibus distinctis,
brevibus, minutissime rugulosis (haud crenatis autem), antico
approximato.

Cyrena radiata, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 159.

Hab. In fluviis et stagnis Americe centralis.

41. CyreENA CAROLINIENSIS. B.M.

- C. testa orbiculato-trigona, parum inzquilaterali, turgida, alba,
tenui; epidermide olivaceo-viridi vel fuscescente concentricé
tenue lamellata; umbonibus szepius erosis, obtusis, prominulis,
vix obliquis; marginibus dorsali antico et postico atque ven-
trali fere eequaliter convexis; cardime angusto, utrinque tri-
dentato; dentibus lateralibus brevibus obtusis, remotis, leevi-
bus; sinu pallu angustissimo, acutissimo, obliqué ascendente.

Cyclas Caroliniana, Bose, Hist. nat. des Coq. uu. pl. 18. f. 4.
Blainv. Dict. Sc. Nat. xii. 274.
Hanley, Deser. Cat. p. 92; in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2.
pl. 14. f. 56.
DeKay, Zool. de New York, v. 226. pl. 25. f. 266.
Cyrena Carolinensis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 553, no. 9.
Say, Amer. Cycl. pl. 62.
Polymeroda Caroliniana, Rafin. Ann. Gen. Sci. Nat. Brux. 1820,
v. 319.
Hab. America septentrionalis in fluminibus Caroline.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 255

II. Cyrene anomales.
a. Testa ovata, turgidula.

42. CYRENA HQUILATERALIS. B.M.

C. testa trigona, depressiuscula, zequilaterali ; lateribus subaequa-
libus ; epidermide squalide fusca vel griseo-fuscescente, striata,
posticé squamosa; latere antico paulo breviore et posticali
rectilineis, nferiore parum arcuato; umbonibus parvis,depressis,
oppositis, approximatis ; latere postico plano, angulo obtusis-
simo circumdato ; valvis tenuibus, intus albis, in fornice pallide
aurantiis; cardine angustissimo, tridentato; dentibus parvis,
Inzequalibus, divaricatis, duobus in valvula sinistra_bifidis ;
dentibus lateralibus parvis, remotis ; fossula valvze smistree an-
guste canaliculata usque ad basin dentis antici.

Cyrena equilateralis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab, In rivulis circa Cayanam Americe meridionalis.

43. CYRENA SORDIDA.

C. testa suborbiculari, crassa, subineequilaterali, ventricosa aut
tumida; epidermide olivaceo-fuscescente et marginem ven-
tralem convexum versus, luteo-virescente, concentricé rugulosa;
margine dorsali postico, convexiusculo, declivi; natibus erosis,
satis prominentibus ; ligamento subinfosso; lunulanulla; su-
perficie interna albida ; dentibus lateralibus brevibus obtusis,
antico Magis approximato.

Cyrena sordida, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 159 ; in Wood,
Ind. Test. Suppl. 2. pl. 14. f. 51.

Hab. America septentrionalis (Hanley).

44. CYRENA INSIGNIS.

C. testa ovato-cordiformi, turgida, crassiuscula, inequilaterali,
epidermide fusco-virente multilaminosa vestita, lamellis crispis
multo numerosioribus ad margines ; umbonibus magnis, tu-
midis, decorticatis, parum obliquis, oppositis; latere antico
paulo breviore, laté rotundato, postico lato, truncato, obtusé
angulato ; cardine angusto, crasso, tridentato ; dentibus ine-
qualibus, divergentibus; lateralibus mzequalibus, antico majore,
conico, basi ovali, postico remoto angusto ; valvis intus albis,
latere postico violaceo ; sinu pallii angustissimo, acutissimo,
profundo, obliqué ad umbones ascendente.

Cyrena (anomala) insignis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soe. 1854.
Hab. Sinus Californiensis, Coll. Cuming.

256 BIVALVE SHELLS.

45, CyRENA SUBQUADRATA.

C. testa ovato-subquadrangulari, transversa, ineequilaterali, tu-
mida, solidiuscula, transversim tenué et irregulariter striata,
striis obsoletis ; epidermide viridi-flavescente, ad margines
multilaminosa vestita; umbonibus depressiusculis, decortica-
tis, parum obliquis ; latere antico superné parum dilatato,
antic® obliqué subtruncato, posticé superné leviter arcuato,
obliqué laté truncato, inferné angulato, cardine satis lato, tri-
dentato, dentibus angustis, approximatis, divergentibus ; late-
ralibus inzqualibus, antico crasso, conico, brevi, postico an-
gustiore remoto; valvis intus albis, in margine postico vio-
laceis.

Cyrena subquadrata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. California. Coll. Cuming.

46. CYRENA NITIDULA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, turgidula, tenui, fragili, inequilaterali,
transversim tenué et obsoleté striata, epidermide viridi subni-
tente tenuissimé laminosa restita; umbonibus tumidiusculis,
acutis, oppositis, latere antico paulo breviore obtuso, postico ,
superné, declivi, parum attenuato, rotundato vel subtruncato ;
cardine angustissimo, dentibus primariis tribus imequalibus,
angustissimis, divergentibus, majoribus apice anguste fissis,
lateralibus subzequalibus, distantibus, minimis, in valva dextra
duplicatis, antico crassiore ; simu pallu brevi, triangulari, acuto ;
valvis intus pallide violaceis, ad margines saturatioribus.

Cyrena (anomala) nitidula, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ——? Coll. Cuming.

47. CyRENA NOTABILIS.

C. testa ovato-transversa, subquadrilateralis, depressiuscula, ine-
quilaterali, transversim tenué et irregulariter striata, albo-lu-
tescente, sub epidermide tenui, fuscescente; latere antico brevi,
obtuso, postico late truncato, superiore et inferiore rectis, par-
allelis ; umbonibus obliquis integris, approximatis ; ligamento
elongato, cylindraceo producto; valvis intus albo-lutescentibus,
in latere postico macula intensé violacea, intus extusque no-
tatis; cardine tridentato, dentibus meequalibus, obliquis, di-
varicatis, dente laterali antico parvo, conico, acuminato, postico
obsoleto remotissimo.

Cyrena notabilis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. Ad oras Peruvianas ostia fluviorum.

|

BIVALVE SHELLS. 257

48. CyRENA OBLONGA.

C. testa ovato-transversa, turgidula, tenui, ineequilaterali, posticé
subangulata; intus albo-cerulea, extus fusca, tenué striata ;
cardine angusto, tridentato; dente laterali antico obsoleto,
posticali producto.

Cyrena oblonga, Quoy & Gaim. Voy.de I’ Astr. Moll. pl.82.f.6,7,8.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 94; in Wood, Ind. Test. Suppl. 2.
pl. 14. f. 53.

Hab. Insula Vanikorensis.

49, CyRENA FLORIDANA.

C. testa ovato-trigona, transversa, turgida, inzequilaterali, tenui,
fragili, substriata, epidermide squalide fusco-virescente vestita;
umbonibus tumidis, acutis, oppositis, decorticatis, latere antico
breviore, paulisper attenuato, obtuso, latere postico subangu-
lato, subtruncato; cardine angusto, inequaliter tridentato,
dentibus majoribus binis apice bilobatis, lateralibus minimis
ineequalibus elongatis, antico obtusiore, postico remoto; im-
pressione pallii posticé smuosa, sinu angusto triangular, apice
acutissimo ; valvis intus pallide violaceis.

Cyrena Floridana, Conrad, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. of Phil. iii. 1846,
BAS) Wail. fl.

Hab. Mazatlan et ostia fluviorum Floridarum.

b, Testa tenuis, rotundata, cordiformis.
50. CyRENA ANOMALA.

C. testa trigona, valde inflata, cordiformi, valde inzquilaterali,
tenui, fragili, transversim tenueé et obsolete striata, epidermide
viridi tenué striata induta, stris ad margines et posticé lami-
noso-crispis ; umbonibus magnis, acutis, revolutis, oppositis,
violaceis ; latere antico breviore, laté semicirculari, postico at-
tenuato, conico, rostrato, acuminato ; area plana angulo obtu-
sissimo circumscripta; cardine angustissimo, dentibus tribus
primariis minimis, approximatis, subzequalibus, divergentibus,
mediano profundé fisso ; dentibus lateralibus subzequalibus,
distantibus, compressis, lamimatis, in valva dextra duplicatis,
antico suleo profundo margine separato.

Cyrena anomala, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Sinus Caraccasensis et ad oras Peruvianas. Coll. Cum.

51. Cyrena CuMINGII.
C. testa ovato-subtrigona, inequilaterali, tumida, cordiformi,

258 BIVALVE SHELLS.

satis solida, transversim inzqualiter tenuissimé striata, epider-
mide fusco-virescente, inferné lamellosa vestita; umbonibus
magnis, prominentibus, oppositis, decorticatis, approximatis,
latere antico brevi, laté rotundato, postico attenuato, superné .
declivi, extremitate truncato, angulo obtuso decurrente cir-
cumscripto ; cardine angusto, in medio paulo latiore; dentibus
tribus primariis imequalibus approximatis angustis, apice pro-
fundé bifidis, lateralibus magnis equidistantibus, antico paulo
majore, conico, acuto; valvis intus candidissimis.

Cyrena (anomala) Cumingii, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. America centralis. Coll. Cuming.

52. CyrENA ISOCARDIOIDES.

C. testa orbiculato-subtrigona, inzequilaterali, turgida, cordiformi,
tenui, fragili, tenuissimé transversim ineequaliter striata, epi-
dermide olivaceo-nigrozonulata, vestita; umbonibus magnis,
subinvolutis, oppositis, atro-violaceis ; latere antico regulariter
laté semicirculari, postico superné declivi, attenuato, subros-
trato; area plana, ovato-lanceolata, angulo lato obtuso de-
currente circumscripta; cardine angustissimo, dentibus pri-
mariis tribus minutissimis, approximatis, subeequalibus, duobus
anticis parallelis, postico divaricato ; dentibus lateralibus mini-
mis, subzequidistantibus, margine suleo angusto profundo
separatis, in valva dextra duplicatis ; pallii impressione margine
inferiore proxima; valvis intus albis, utroque latere violaceo
maculatis.

Cyrena (anomala) Isocardioides, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Columbia occidentalis. Coll. Cuming.

53. CYRENA MARITIMA.

C. testa orbiculato-cordiformi, subzequilaterali, turgida, tenui,
transversim irregulariter et densé striata, epidermide viridi-
fuscescente induta; umbonibus magnis, parum obliquis, ap-
proximatis, acutis, levigatis, latere antico superné declivi,
convexiusculo, in medio parumper attenuato et obtuso, postico
breve truncato; area magna convexa, ovata, angulo obtuso
decurrente circumdata; cardine angusto; dentibus primariis
tribus, minimis, subzequalibus approximatis, apice bifidis diver-
gentibus, lateralibus szequaliter remotis, in valva dextra du-
plicatis, antico usque ad cardinem canaliculato.

Cyrena maritima, Adams, Panama Shells.
Cyrena (anomala) maritima, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab, Panama. Coll. Cuming.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 259

54. CYRENA CORDIFORMIS.

C. testa cordiformi, inflata, concentricé tenué striato-sulcata, sub
epidermide obscuré viridi-alba; umbonibus purpureis, pro-
minentibus, anticé reflexis, et conniventibus; area purpureo
bizonata, externé angulo circumdata, basi parum emarginata ;
lunula obsoleta; dentibus cardinalibus tribus divergentibus,
duobus anterioribus parum emarginatis ; dente laterali angusto,
robusto, cardinalibus approximato; postico lamelliformi, re-
moto.

Cyrena cordiformis, Recluz, Journ. de Conch. 1853, p. 251. pl. ie
f. 9

Cyrena (anomala) cordiformis, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. 2

55. CyRENA PERUVIANA.

C. testa orbiculato-trigona, turgida, cordiformi, subzquilaterali,
tenui, fragili, transversim tenuissimé striato-punctata ; umbo-
nibus magnis, prominentibus, oppositis, integris ; latere an-
tico paulo breviore, laté semicircular, postico declivi, attenuato,
acuminato; cardine angustissimo, dentibus tribus primaris
subequalibus, minimis, compressis, divergentibus, majoribus
apice profundé furcatis, lateralibus angustissimis, laminatis,
zequalibus, distantibus, margine suleo angusto profunde sepa-
ratis; valvis intus albo-flavis, posticé squalide violaceis.

Cyrena (anomala) Peruviana, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Tumbez in littore Peruviano. Coll. Cuming.

56. CyRENA SALMACIDA.

C. testa inequilaterali, ovali, anticé rotundata, latere postico
productiore, subrostrato, transversim tenuiter sulcata, albes-
cente vel carnea, stramineo vel ceruleo nebulosa ; umbonibus
fulvo-rubellis et fascia laté diluta concolore cireumdata; cardine
stricto; dentibus primariis tribus minutis; lateralibus duobus
elongatis, tenuibus.

Cyrena salmacida, Morelet, Test. Nov. Cub. pt. 2. p. 26. no. 150.
Hab. 2

57. CYRENA ANGULATA.

C. testa trigona, turgidula, sequilaterali, solidula, levigata; epi-
dermide squalide fuscescente vestita; umbonibus miuimis, de-
pressis, oppositis, latere antico atque postico zqualiter con-

260 BIVALVE SHELLS.

vexiusculis et declivibus; latere antico obtuso, subangulato,
postico augulato, subrostrato; margine inferiore ventricoso ;
cardine angusto, dentibus primariis tribus minimis, angustis,
duobus majoribus profunde apice fissis; dentibus lateralibus
ineequalibus compressis, antico magno, acuto, triangulari ;
valvis intus albis seu roseo superné tinctis.

Cyrena (anomala) angulata, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. 2? Coll. Cuming.

58. CyRENA INFLATA. B.M.

C. testa orbiculato-subtrigona, cordiformi, inflata, inzequilaterali,
tenui, transversim tenué et inzqualiter striata, epidermide
squalide fuscescente breviter laminosa vestita; umbonibus
magnis, prominentibus, oppositis, approx <imatis; latere antico
breviusculo, superné concaviusculo, anticé producto et obtuso,
latere postico latiore, obliqué truncato, angulo obtuso decur-
rente circumscripto; cardme angustissimo, dentibus tribus
primariis inzqualibus minimis divergentibus, postico valve
dextre majori profundeé fisso, dentibus lateralibus subzequali-
bus, in valva dextra duplicatis, antico paulo crassiore.

Cyrena (anomala) inflata, Desh. Proc, Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Panama. Coll. Cuming.

III, Species incerta.

59. CyrENA MEXICANA.

C. testa elliptica, ventricosa, utrinque rotundata, anticé breviore ;
dentibus parvis, obtusis.

Cyrena Mexicana, Brod. & Sow. Zool. Journ. iv. 364.
Hab. Prope Mexicum.

60. CyRENA DEPRESSA.

C. testa lenticulari-trigona, compressa, sulcis doliaribus cincta,
albida; epidermide fulva; natibus decorticatis.

Encycl. pl. 302. f. 3.

An Venus borealis? Gmel. p. 3285.

Chemn. Conch. t. 39. f. 412-414 ?

Cyrena depressa, Desh, Lamk, An. s. Vert. ed. 2. vi. 275, no. 8

Hab.

a

BIVALVE SHELLS, 261

B. Dentes cardinales 2° 2, divergentes, dentes laterales cee
leves. Testa tenuis, Spheriina.

Genus 5. SPH RIUM.

Animal ovato-transversum, eequilaterale, crassum; pallium ad
margines simplex, anticé infernéque apertum, posticé clausum,
tracheis binis, brevibus, simplicibus, basi connatis, apice divarica-
tis terminatum ; appendices labiales breves, angustz. Pes elon-
gatus, angustus, gracilis, 1 in medio subangulatus. Branchiz late,
subzequales, postice conjunctz.

Testa tenul, ovato-transversa, convexa, subzequilaterali ; cardo
angustus, in plerisque utroque latere bidentatus ; dentibus cardi-
nalibus brevibus ; dentibus lateralibus elongatis, compressis,
lamelliformibus ; impressio pallii simplex ; ligamentum externum
elongatum, angustum.

Spherium, Scopoli (1777), Introd. ad Hist. Nat. p. 397.
Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 184; (1851) Ann. Nat. Hist.
x1. 39.
Cyelas, Brug. (1792) Enc. Méth. pl. 301.
Lamk. (1799) Soc. d Hist. Nat. de Paris, p. 84; (1801)
Syst. An. s. Vert. p. 123; (1818) An. s. Vert. v. 559.
Gray (1840) in Turt. Conch. ed. 2. p..2/9.
Cornea, Megerle (1811), Entwurf. p. 56.
Corneocyclas, Féruss. (1818) in Blainv. Dict. Sc. Nat. xii. 277.
Phymisoda or Phymeroda (lacustris), Rafin. (1820) Ann. Gen. Sci.
Nat. Bruzx. 1820, v. 319.
Amisoda or Ameroda (similis), Rafin. (1820) Ann. Gen. Sci. Nat.
Bruz. 1820, v. 310.
Nux, Humphrey (1796), Mus. Calon. Cat. p. 59.
Tellina(sp.), Linn. (1758) Syst. Nat. ed.10. p. 678 ; (1767) ed. 12.
» LEQO.
Cardium (sp.), Da Costa (1778), Conch. Brit. p. 173.

1. Species Europeane.

1. SPH4RIUM RIVICOLA. B.M.

S. testa subovali, ventricosa, solidiuscula, eleganter striata, striis
elevatis, confertis; fusco-virescente, fasciis aliquibus saturatiori-
bus; margine inferiore szpius lutescente ; intus cerulescente ;
umbonibus tumidis, obtusis, pallidioribus ; margine superiore
anticé lunula, posticé fissura distincté impressa, ligamento
conspicuo.

Tellina cornea (var. B), Schrét. Flussconch. p. 189. pl. 4. f. 4.
Mat. & Rack. Trans. Linn, Soc. vii. 59.

262 BIVALVE SHELLS,

Cyclas cornea (var.A), Drap. Tab. des Moll. p. 105. no. 15 Hist.
des Moll, de France, p. 128. no. 1. pl. 10. f. 1-3.
Cyclas rivicola, Leach teste Lamk. et Lamk. An. s. Vert. y. 558.

Blainv. Dict. Sci. Nat. xii. 279.

Pfeiffer, Syst. Anord. p. 121. no. 2. pl. 5. f. 3-5.

Turt. Conch. Ins. Brit. p. 248. no. 1. pl. 11.f.13; Manual,

p. 12. pl £1.

Sow. Gen. of Shells, Cyclas, f.

Jenyns, Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. iv. 294.

Gray, Turt. Manual, ed. 2. p. 279. no. 112. pl. 1. f. 1.

Desh. Traité élém. de Conch. i. 712. pl.17. f. 8-10.

Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. pl. 62.

Forbes & Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. ii. 111. pl. 37. f. 1,2,

et pl. Q. f. 1.

Dupuy, Hist. nat. des Moll. de France,p.665.no. 1.p1.29. f. 3.
Var. B. sabulicola, Krynicki, Conch. Imp. Rossici, p. 10.
Cyclas equata (junior), Sheppard MSS. teste Gray, in Turt.

Man. ed. 2. p. 280.

Hab. Europa; Anglia, ete.

2. SPH RIUM LACUSTRE. B.M.

S. testa orbiculato-rhombea, subovali vel orbiculari, compressa,
tenui, diaphana, tenuiter striata ; czrulescenti-alba, zona mar-
ginali lutescente, apice nigricanti ; natibus acutiuseulis tuber-
culosis, aliquantisper prominentibus, subinflexis; ligamento
inconspicuo.

Tellina, Berl. Mag. iv. pl. 11. f. 63? (teste Miller).
Tellina lacustris, Mull. Verm. Hist. 11. 204. no. 388.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 139. pl. 13. f. 135.
Cardium lacustre, Mont. Test. Brit. p. 89. no. 16.
Cyclas calyculata, Drap. Moll. terr, et fluv. de France, p. 130.
pl. 10. f. 14, 15.
Pfeiffer, Syst. Anord. p. 122. no. 4. pl. 5. f. 17, 18.
Jenyns, Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. iv. pt. 2. p. 298. no. 3.
p19, £1;
(ex parte), Dupuy, Hist.nat.des Moll.de France, p.672. pl. 24.
ron

Tellina tuberculata, Alten, Syst. Abhand. p. 4. pl. 1. f. 1.
Tellima tenera, Schrank in Gartner Versuch Hiner Syst. p. 316.
Teics
Cyclas lacustris, Turt. Conch. Ins. Brit. p. 249. no. 3. pl. 11. f. 18.
Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. Atlas, pl. 37. f.7. pl. O. f. 7.
Tellina stagnicola, Sheppard, Trans. Linn, Soc. xiv. pt. 1. p. 150.
no. 2,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 263

An eadem species? Cyclas calyculata, Adams, Moll. of Middle-
burg, Amer. Journ. p. 277. April 1841.

Hab. Europa; Anglia, ete.

3. SPH#RIUM CONSOBRINUM. B.M.

S. testa orbiculato-subrhombea, compressa, tenui, subinequila-
terali, pellucida, tenuiter striata, cinerea vel lutescente ; latere
postico latiore, subtruncato, antico rotundato ; marginibus
acutis ; umbonibus convexis, depressiusculis.

Cyclas lacustris, Draparn. (non Mill.) Hist.nat. des Moll. p. 130.
pl. 10. f. 6, 7.

Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 559. no. 3.

Pfeiffer, Syst. Anord. p 122. no. 3. pl. 5. f. 6, 7.

Turt. Manual, p. 14. no.-4. pl. 1. f. 4.

Dupuy, Hist. nat. Moll. de France, p. 671. no. 7. pl. 29. f. 7.
Cyclas consobrina, Féruss. in Blainv. Dict. Sci. Nat.1818, xii.279.

Hab. Europa; Anglia, etc.

4. SpHARIUM CORNEUM. B.M.

S. testa globosa, ventricosa, tenui, tenerrime striata, virescenti-
fusca, zona lutescente submarginali; umbonibus obtusis ; den-
tibus cardinalibus minimis, binis in sinistra, unieo in valva
dextra, lateralibus elongatis ; ligamento inconspicuo.

Lister, Syn. Conch. pl. 159. f. 14. A; An. Angl. p. 150. pl. 2. f. 31;
App. Hist. An. Angl. p. 14. pl. 1. f. 5-16.
Tellina cornea, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. p. 1120. no. 72.
(ex parte), Schrot. Flussconch. p. 189. no. 11. pl. 4. f. 4, 5.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 156. pl. 13. f. 133.
Mat. & Rack. Linn. Trans. ui. pl. 13. f. 39, 40.
Wood, Ind. Test. pl. 5. f. 90; Gen. Conch. p. 196. no. 90.
pl. 46. f. 3.
Tellina rivalis, Mill. Verm. Hist. ii. 202. no. 387 ; Zool. Dan.
Prodr, p. 246. no. 2965.
Spherium corneum, Scopoli, Intr. ad Hist. Nat. p. 397. no. 88.
(17).
Cardium Nux, Da Costa, Test. Brit. p. 173. pl. 13. f. 22.
Nux nigella, Humphrey, Mus. Calonn. p. 59. no. 1088.
Cyclas cornea (ex parte), Drap. Tab. Moll. p. 105. no. 1. var. B.
Lamk, An. s. Vert. v. 558. no. 2.
Pfeiffer, Syst. Anord. p. 120. no. 1. pl. 5. f. 1, 2.
Turt. Conch. Ins. Brit. p. 248. no. 2. pl. 11. f.14; Man. of

Land & Freshw. Sheils,p. 13. no.2. pl.1.f.2; ed. 2. p. 280.
pl. 1. £2:

264 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cyclas cornea (ex parte), Jenyns, Cambr. Phil. Soc. iv. 295.

Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. ii. 30. no. 1.

Forbes & Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. ii. 113. pl. 37. £. 3-6.
Cardium corneum, Mont. Test. Brit. p. 86. no. 14.

Cardium amnicum, Pulteney, Cat. Dorset, p. 31.
Cyelas rivalis, Drap. Hist. des Moll. p. 129. pl. 10. f. 4, 5.

Dupuy, Hist. nat. Moll. de France, p. 668. no.4. pl. 29. f. 5.
Tellina communis, Megerle in Berl. Mag. 1811 (teste Gort.).
Cyclas nucleus, Studer in Charp. Cat. des Moll. de la Suisse, p. 25.

no. 130.

Dupuy, Hist. nat. des Moll. de France, p. 668. pl.29. f. 4 bis.
Cyclas tumida, Ziegler MSS. et Férussac, Cat. de sa Coll. p. 20.
Cyclas stagnicola, Leach, Brit. Mus. teste Gray.

Cyclas Leachii, Ziegler MSS. in Villa, Disp. Syst. Conch. p. 44.
Cyclas plumbeus, Villa, loc. cit. p. 44.
Cyclas Scaldiana, Normand, Not. sur Cyclades, p. 5. f. 1, 2.

Dupuy, Hist. nat. Moll. de France, p. 669. no. 5.

Cyclas flavescens, Macgilliv. Moll. Anim. of Scotl. p. 208. no. 1.
Pisidium cornea, Verani, Cat. degli An. Invert. p. 13.
Cyclas citrina, Brown, Ill. Conch. G. Br. p. 132. pl. 37. f. 37.

Hab. Europa; Anglia, ete.

§. Spuzarium RycKHOLTII.

S. testa orbiculata, ineequilaterali, superné inflata, inferné com-
pressa, tenui, subtilissimé striata, griseo-glaucescente, sepe
luteo-marginata; natibus elevatis ; ligamento subinconspicuo,
cardine arcuato; dentibus parvulis.

Cyeclas Ryckholtii, Normand, Notice sur quelgq. Cycl. p. 7. no. 3.

Hab. Cirea Valentiniana.

6. SPH#RIUM TERVERIANUM.

S. testa rotundato-subrhomboidea et inflata ; umbonibus elevatis
subrevolutis, et calyculatis ; nitidissima, ex umbonibus ad mar-
ginem inferiorem eleganter radiata.

Cyclas Terveriana, Dupuy, Cat. Moll. extr. Mar. Gallia, no. 87 ;
Hist. nat. des Moll. de France, p. 674. no. 9. pl. 29. f. 9.

Hab. In paludibus circa Auch.

7. SPH2RIUM STEENBUCHII.

S. testa ineequilaterali, subtrigona, anticé obtusa, ventricosa, levi,

BIVALVE SHELLS. 265

cinereo-lutescente ; umbonibus prominentibus ; sulcis incre-
menti 4-5.

Cyclas Steenbuchii, Moll. Ind. Moll. Greenl. p. 20.
Hab. Greenlandia.

8. SpH#RIUM SOLIDUM.

S. testa ovata, subglobosa, subzequilaterali, solida, striato-sulcosa,
pallide lutea ; higamento inconspicuo.

Cyclas solida, Normand, Notice sur plus. Cycl. p.6. no. 2. £.3,4.
Hab. In flumine Scaldiz.

2. India.
9. SpHa#rium INDIcUM. B.M.

S. testa ovato-rhomboidea, tumidula, subzequilaterali, tenui, pel-
lucida, albo-grisea, latere antico laté rotundato, postico obtusé
truncato ; umbonibus tumidis, parum prominentibus ; cardine
obsoleté hidentato, dentibus lateralibus candidis, antico majore
trigono, acuto, postico paulo breviore ; valvis sub lente tenuis-
simé striatis.

Spherium indicum, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.

Hab. In fiuviis Indie.

3. Africa.
10. SpHa#RIUM CAPENSE. B.M.

S. testa ovato-orbiculari, tumida, subglobosa, tenui, cornea,
zquilaterali, transversim tenuissimé striata ; extremitatibus ro-
tundatis, postice obtusiore ; apicibus margimibusque obtusis ;
dentibus cardinalibus mimimis, lateralibus valvule dextree pro-
minentibus, acutis.

Cyclas Capensis, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 7. no. 1. pl. 1. f. 5.
Hab. Caput Bonz Spei.

4. America septentrionalis.
11. SpPH#RIUM SIMILE. B.M.

S. testa ovato-transversa, tenui, tumida, sequilaterali, transversim
striata, obseuré castanea ; umbonibus brevibus, oppositis, ob-
tusis; margine inferiore parum convexo, ligamento vix con-
spicuo; valvis intus pallide ceruleis; dente cardinali unico in
utraque valva, dentibus lateralibus acutis, in valva dextra du-
plicatis.

12

“=

266 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cyclas similis, Say, Nichol. Encycl. Amer. ed. 4. pl. 1. f. 9.
Gould, Rep. Invert. p. 72. f. 53.
DeKay, Nat. Hist. New York, Moll. p.220. pl.25. f. 264,265.
Cyclas sulcata, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 560. no. 9; ed. 2. vi. 271.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 7. f. 3.
Cyclas Sarratogea, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 560. no. 11; ed. 2. vi.
271. no. 11.
Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 7. f. 9.

Hab. America septentrionalis.

12. SPH RIUM PARTUMEIA. B.M.

S. testa suborbiculari, tumida, subzquilaterali, tenui, fragili,
cornea, tenuissimé transversim striata, et obsoleté radiata, an-
tice rotundata, posticé subtruncata, umbonibus obtusis ele-
vatis, cardine obsoleté bidentato.

Cyclas partumeia, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. ii. 380.
Gould, Rep. Inv. Mass. p. 73. f. 54.
Adams, Amer. Journ. Sc. xl. 279.
DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 223. pl. 25. f. 262.
C. cornea, var. 2, 3, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 558; ed. 2. vi. 268.
no. 2.

Hab. Respublice Unite Americe septentrionalis.

13. SPH RIUM DUBIUM.

S. testa minima, solidiuscula, subtriangulari, obliqué subovata,
convexa, tenuissimé striata, olivacea, inferné flavescente fas-
ciata; umbonibus obtusis; dentibus lateralibus parvis.

Cyclas dubia, Say, Nichol. Encycl. Amer. ed. 4. pl. 1. f. 10.

C. dubia, Gould, Invert. of Mass. p. 75. f. 56.

DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 233. pl. 25. f. 261.
Hab. America septentrionalis.

14. SPH# RIUM RHOMBOIDEUM. B.M.

S. testa elongato-transversa, solida, subsequilaterali, rhomboidea,
viridi-olivacea, polita, tenuissimé striata; umbonibus obtusis,
contiguis, swpius decorticatis, dentibus lateralibus angustis
extremitate bipartitis.’

Cyclas rhomboidea, Say, Journ. Phil. ii. 380.
Adams, Amer. Journ. Sc. xl. 277.
DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 224. pl. 25. f. 263.

Hab. In lacu Champlain dicto Americx septentrionalis, Ohio.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 267

15. SPH2RIUM STRAMINEUM.

S. testa ovata, regulariter convexa, subzquilaterali, anticé pos-
ticéque equaliter convexa, fusco-virescente irregulariter sub-
striata; umbonibus inflatis, obtusis vix prominentibus.

Cyclas straminea, Conrad, Amer. Journ. xxix. 342. pl. 1. f. 5.
Mill. Syn. Test. Viv. p. 220. no. 1.
DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 225.

Hab. In rivulis Alabamensibus.

16. SPH#RIUM TRANSVERSUM.

S. testa transversim oblonga, subovata, subzequilaterali, viridi,
substriata, anticé rotundata, posticé angustiore ; umbonibus
obtusis vix prominentibus.

Cyclas transversa, Say, Deser. Land and Freshw. Shells, p. 10.
DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 225.

Hab. Kentucky, Americe septentrionalis.

17. SPHARIUM GIGANTEUM.

S. testa maxima, crassa, solida, subovata, complanata, zquilate-
rali, elongata, postice abrupta; umbonibus magnis, non ele-
vatis.

Cyclas gigantea, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 157.

_ Hab. In Pennsylvaniz fluviis.

18. SpHaRIUM EMARGINATUM.

S. testa magna, crassa, globosa, tumida, obliqua, posticé sub-
truncata, meequilaterali, triangulari, epidermide olivacea, tenui-
ter striata; umbonibus tumidis, magnis, marginibus abruptis ;
dentibus crassis.

Cyclas emarginata, Prime, Proc. Bost.Soc.Nat. Hist.1852, p.156.
Hab. Im lacu Superiore, Americe septentrionalis.

19. SPH&RIUM TENUISTRIATUM.

S. testa subglobosa, complanata, brevi, subeequilaterali, posticé
dilatata, tenuiter striata; umbonibus perelevatis; dentibus
parvis.

Cyclas cornea, Adams (nor Lamk.), Cat. of Shells in his Cabinet,
1847.

Cyclas tenuistriata, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 156.

Hab. In fluvio Tennessee dicto, Americze septentrionalis.
12*

268 BIVALVE SHELLS.

20. SPH#RIUM PONDEROSUM.

S. testa magna, crassa, solida, brevi, subglobosa, inzequilaterali,
posticé acuta, lineis incrementi fortiter instructa; umbonibus
rotundatis, approximatis ; dentibus crassis.

Cyclas ponderosa, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.1852, p. 157.
Hab. In lacu Superiore, Americze septentrionalis. |

21. SpHA#RIUM CARDISSA.
S. testa globosa, ventricosa, tenui, fragili, subzequilaterali ; um-
bonibus magnis, rotundatis, approximatis.

Cyclas cardissa, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soe. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 160.
Hab. Massachusetts.

22. SpH#RIUM GRACILE.
wm

5. testa magna, tenui, fragili, subglobosa, complanata, subeequi-
laterali, elongata, posticé brevi, alba, nitida, tenuiter striata ;
umbonibus rotundatis, approximatis; dentibus cardinalibus
parvis, lateralibus acutis, elongatis.

Cyclas gracilis, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 156.
Hab. In fluvio Ohio dicto, Americz septentrionalis.

23. SpHARIUM AUREUM.

S. testa magna, solida, crassa, elongata, globosa, complanata, sub-
inzequilaterali, posticé subtruncata, lineis incrementi fortiter
instructa ; umbonibus magnis, perelevatis ; dentibus fortibus.

Cyclas aurea, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 159.
Hab. In lacu Superiore, Americ septentrionalis.

24. SPH#RIUM FLAVUM.

S. testa compressa, subovata, fragili, inzequilaterali, epidermide
flava, striis concentricis instructa, posticé dilatata ; umbonibus
parvis, depressis.

Cyclas flava, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 155.
Hab. In lacu Superiore, Americe septentrionalis.

25. SpH2RIUM SECURIS.

S. testa parva, rhomboidea, posticé abruptissima, subeequilaterali,
natibus elevatissimis ; dentibus cardinalibus minutis, laterali-
bus elongatis, fortibus.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 269

Cyelas securis, Prime, Ann. of Lyc. of New York, 1852, p. 218.
pl. 6; Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1852, p. 160.

Hab. In fluviis Massachusettsensibus.

96. SPH#RIUM ALBULUM.

S. testa magna, crassa, obliqua, subglobosa, tumida, complanata,
subzequilaterali, posticé acuta, flava, striis concentricis in-
structa; umbonibus magnis, non elevatis.

Cyclas albula, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 155.
Hab. In lacu Superiore, Americ septentrionalis.

27. SPH#R1UM SOLIDULUM.

S. testa solida, brevi, crassa, compacta, subglobosa, inzequilaterali,
posticé elongata, striis incrementi fortiter et regulariter m-
structa; umbonibus rotundatis, non approximatis, dentibus
cardinalibus parvis, lateralibus acutis, crassis.

Cyelas solidula, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 158.
Hab. In fluvio Ohio, Americz septentrionalis.

98. SPH4RIUM FABALE.

S. testa depressa, crassa, solida, elongata, posticé brevi et subtrun-
cata, epidermide fusca, striis incrementi fortiter instructa, um-
bonibus parvis, non elevatis.

Cyclas fabalis, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 159.
Hab. In lacu Superiore, Americz septentrionalis.

29. SPH #RIUM MIRABILE.

S. testa tenui, fragili, subovata, subzequilaterali, posticé abruptis-
sima; umbonibus parvis, elevatis.

Cyclas mirabilis, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 157.
Hab. In fluminibus Georgie.

30. SPH# RIUM ELEVATUM.

S. testa orbiculari, substriata, fusco-olivacea; umbonibus pro-
minentibus; dentibus cardinalibus prominentibus, lateralibus
crassis.

Cyclas elevata, Haldeman, Proc. Acad. Sc. 1841.
DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 225.

Hab. Nova Aureliana.

270 BIVALVE SHELLS.

31. SpPH4RIUM ELEGANS. B.M.

S. testa orbiculato-rhomboidea, tenui, tumida, subsequilaterali,
tenué et eleganter striata, nitide olivacea, inferné flavescente ;
umbonibus obtusis, vix prominentibus ; ligamento incon-
spicuo.

Cyclas elegans, Adams, Moll. of Middl. Amer. Journ. xl. 277;
Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. iu. pl. 3. f. 11.

Gould, Rep. Invert. of Mass. p. 74. f. 55.
DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 224.

Hab. Respublice Unite Americ septentrionalis.

32. SPHHZRIUM JAYENSE (JAYANUM).

S. testa pellucida, fragili, brevi, globosa, subzequilaterali, trans-
versé rotundata, posticé abruptissima, alba, nitida, tenuiter
striata; umbonibus magnis, elevatis.

Cyclas Jayensis, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 157.
Hab. In lacu Superiore, Americz septentrionalis.

33. SPHARIUM ROSACEUM.

S. testa minuta, ten, fragili, tumida, ventricosa, subeequilaterali,
postice dilatata, strus concentricis tenuiter instructa, nitida,
rosacea; umbonibus parvis, perelevatis.

Cyclas rosacea, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 155.
Hab. In fluviis Pennsylvanie.

34. SPHARIUM INORNATUM.

S. testa subglobosa, elongata, subequilaterali, posticé subtrun-
cata, leis incrementi irregulariter instructa ; umbonibus mag-
nis, non tumidis.

Cyclas inornata, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 159.
Hab. Mlinois.

35. SPH RIUM MODESTUM.

S. testa tenui, complanata, ineequilaterali, posticé dilatata; um-
bonibus magnis, elevatis.

Cyclas modesta, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852, p. 159.
Hab. In aquis dulcibus Pennsylvaniz.

36. SPH#RIUM CASTANEUM.
S. testa depressa, brevi et subtruncata, inequilaterali, striis in-

BIVALVE SHELLS. 271

crementi instructa, epidermide fusca ; umbonibus parvis, non
elevatis.

Cyclas castanea, Prime, Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1852, p. 159.
Hab. In fiuvio Wabash dicto, Americz septentrionalis.

37. SPH4RIUM SIMPLEX.

S. testa parva, fragili, compressa, inzequilaterali, posticé subtrun-
cata; umbonibus magnis, elevatis.

Cyclas simplex, Prime, Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1852, p. 159.
Hab. Uinois.

38. SPH#RIUM PATELLA.

S. testa parva, tenui, rotundato-ovali, lenticulari, modice
cavata, transversim exiliter sulcata, epidermide luteo-viridi
induta; apicibus medianis, rotundatis, haud elevatis; imtus
lactea; cardine dentibus duobus minutis cardinalibus in-
structo; dentibus lateralibus validis, remotis.

Cyclas patella, Gould, Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. ii. 292;
United States Explor. Exp. Moll. p. 426. f. 527. a, b.

Hab. 2

39. SPH ZRIUM ACUMINATUM.

S. testa fragili, rhomboidea, depressa, inzequilaterali, posticé
abrupta, alba, nitida, striis concentricis instructa ; umbonibus
parvis, depressis.

Cyclas acuminata, Prime, Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1852, p.155.
Hab. In lacu Superiore, Americz septentrionalis.

40. SPH RIUM DISTORTUM.

S.testa globosa, crassa, solida, tumida, inzequilaterali, transversim
rotundato-ovata, posticé elongata, striis incrementi fortiter in-
structa; umbonibus rotundatis et approximatis.

Cyclas distorta, Prime, Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1852, p. 158.
Hab. In fluvio Ohio dicto, Americe septentrionalis,

41. SPHARIUM NITIDUM.

S. testa subovata, inequilaterali; natibus parvis haud approxi-
matis ; dentibus lateralibus crassis, cardinalibus obsoletis.

272 BIVALVE SHELLS,

Cyclas nitida, Mighels & Adams, Shells of New Engl. Bost. Journ.
Nat. Hist. iv. 39; Cat. of Shells of Maine, Bost. Journ. Nat.
Hist. iv. 319.

Hab. America septentrionalis ; Norway; Oxford.

42. SPHHRIUM DETRUNCATUM.

S. testa ovata, complanata, truncata, elongata, imequilaterali,
postice abrupta, anticé acutissima; umbonibus parvis, non
elevatis ; epidermide olivacea.

Cyclas detruncata, Prime, Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc.1852, p. 155.

Hab. In fluviis Pennsylvanie.

5. America meridionalis.

43. SpHH RIUM MACULATUM.

S. testa rhomboidea, tenui, minuté lamelloso-striata, badia, fusco-
maculata, intus carneo-rubra, maculata, in medio saturaté
cerulea; margine basali vix arcuato ; anteriore ovali, posteriore
explicato, subrecto ; dentibus parvulis.

Cyclas maculata, Morelet, Test. Nov. Cuba, pt. 2. p. 25. no. 148
(non Anton.).

Hab. America centralis, Yucatan (Morelet).

44. SPH#RIUM ARGENTINUM.

S. testa ovata, tenui, diaphana, compressa, concentricé substriata,
epidermide brunneo-viridescente ; latere antico brevi, subangu-
loso; latere postico dilatato, truncato ; intus albicante; cardine
unidentato; dentibus lateralibus subnullis.

Cyclas argentina, D’Orb. Mag. de Zool. p. 44. no. 3; Voy. en
Amér. p. 568. pl. 83. f. 5-7.

Hab. Rivulum prope Montevideo.

6. Australia.

45. Spuamrium Nova ZELANDI&. B.M.

S. testa ovato-trausversa, zquilaterali, compressa, nitidissima,
pellucida, griseo-cerulescente, saturatiore iregulariter trans-
yersim zonata; latere antico obtuso parum declivi, postico
latiore rotundato, margine inferiore convexo; umbonibus
minimis, obtusis, vix prominentibus, ligamento minimo in-

‘

BIVALVE SHELLS. 273

conspicuo; cardine angustissimo bidentato, dentibus exiguis,
lateralibus parvis, antico paulo majore.

Spherium Nove Zelandiz, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Nova Zelandia; Nova Hollandia.

46. SPH4#RIUM EGREGIUM.

: @ - c
S. testa ventricosa, transversa, oblonga, subzequilaterali, trans-
versim tenui-lirata; apicibus parum elevatis, tumidis; epider-
mide viridi corneo fusco zonata, plerumque Cycl. cornez simili.

Cyclas egregia, Gould, Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. iti. 292 ;
United States Explor. Exp. Moll. p. 425. f. 526.

Hab. In fiuvio Hunteriano Nove Hollandiz.

7. Species dubie.
47. Cyclas globosa, Megerle (non D’ Orb.),in A. & J. B. Villa, Disp.
Syst. Conch. p. 44.
Hab. Sangobard (Villa).
48. Cyclas orbicularis (non C. orbicularia, Remer), Linsley, Cat.
of the Shells of Connecticut, Amer. Journ. xlviii. 276.
Hab. America septentrionalis; East Haddam (Linsley).

49. Cyclas lutea, Ziegler,in Anton, Verz. der Conch. p. 14. no. 511.
Hab.

50. Cyclas Stemi, Schmidt, Zeitschr. f. Malak. no.8, 1850, p.118.
Hab.

2

9

51. Cyclas truncata, Linsiey, Amer. Jowrn. xlviii. 276.

Hab. America septentrionalis ; Stonington, Stratford et Strat-
field (Linsley).

Genus 6. PISUM.

Animal ovato-rotundatum, inzquilaterale, seepius turgidum ;
pallium simplex, anticé infernéque apertum, posticé in trachea
unica termmatum ; pes linguiformis, compressus, apice acutus
vel subcylindraceus ; labiorum appendices breves, anguste ;
branchiz ineequales, late, transversim obliqué striate, subplicatie,
postice inter se conniventes.

Testa minima, tenuis, meequilateralis, ovata vel subrotunda,
subglobosa, levigata substriatave ; cardine angusto, dentato,

]Q**

274 BIVALVE SHELLS.

in valva dextra dentem unicum modo simplicem, modo com-
plexum prebente, inter dentes duos obliquos in altera valva re-
ceptum; dentibus lateralibus angustis, depressis, elongatis, in
utraque valva lamelliformibus; ligamentum breve, angustum,
externum ; impressio pallii simplex, posticé minime excavata.

Tellina, Miill. (1774) Verm. Hist. p. 205.
Cardium, Poli (1791), Test. utr. Sicil. i. 65
Mont. (1803) Test. Brit. p. 86.
Cyclas, Drap. (1801) Tabl. des Moll. p. 106 ; (1805) Hist. des
Moll. p. 131.
Lamk. (1818) An. s. Vert. v. 559,
Pisum, Meg. (1811) Entw. p. 57 (non Linn.).
Gray (1847), Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 184; Ann. § Mag. N. H.
xi. 34.
Pisidium, Pfeiffer, Syst. Anord. p. 120.
Jenyns (1832), Cambr. Phil. Soc. iv. 300.
Gray (1840), Turt. Man. ed. 2. p. 285.
Forbes & Hanley (1849), Hist. of Brit. Moll. u. 139.
Galileja, Costa (1839), Corresp. Zool.
Phil. (1844) Enum. Moll. Sicil. ii. 214.
Pera, Leach, MSS. (1819) fide Gray, Turt. Man. p. 282 (1840) ;
Syn. Moll. Brit. (1852) ed. Gray, p. 291.
Euglesa, Leach, MSS. (1819) fide Gray, Turt. Man. p.282 (1840) ;
Syn. Moll. Brit. (1852) p. 291, ed. Gray.
Cordula, Leach (1852), Syn. Moll. Brit. p. 292, ed. Gray.

1. Synopsis SPECIERUM.
. Species Europeane, 1-11.
. Africans, 12-15.

. Americe septentrionalis, 16-23.

mw tS

. Americ meridionalis, 24-30.
5. Australienses, 31, 32.
6. Species dubie, 33-36,

1. Species Europeane.
1. PisuM AMNICUM. B.M.
P. testa subovato-trigona, inzquilaterali, ventricosa, eleganter
striato-costulata, cinereo-luteola, aliquantisper nigricante zo-

nata ; umbonibus parvis, obtusis, leeviuseulis; dentibus cardi-
nalibus in angulum acutum dispositis ; dentibus lateralibus

BIVALVE SHELLS. 975

elevatis, crassiusculis, utrinque duplicibus in valvula dextra ;
simplicibus in sinistra.
Musculus fluviatilis, Gualt. Ind. Test. pl. 7. f. C, C.
Tellina amnica, Miill. Verm. Hist. ii. 205. no. 389 ; Zool. Dan.
Prodr. p. 246. no. 2967.
Chemn. Conch. vi. 138. pl. 13. f. 134.
Wood, Gen. Conch. p. 153. no. 19. pl. 47. f. 6; Ind. Test.
plo: f. 19.
Tellina striata, Schrot. Flussconch. p. 193. no. 15.
Tellina rivalis, Mat. & Rack. Linn. Trans. i. 44. pl. 13. f. 37, 38.
Donov. Nat. Hist. of Brit. Shells, ii. pl. 64. f. 2.
Cyclas palustris, Drap. Tabl. des Moll. p. 106. no. 3; Hist. des
Moll. p. 131. pl. 10. f. 17, 18.
Cardium amnicum, Mont. Test. Brit. p. 86. no. 15.
Turt. Brit. Fauna, p. 154.
Cyclas obliqua, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 559. no. 4.
Nilsson, Hist. Moll. Suec. p. 99. no. 4.
Alder, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Newcastle, i. 41. f. 71.
Pisidium obliquum, C. Pfeiff. Syst.An. p.124. no. 1. pl. 5. £.19, 20.
Cyclas amnica, Turt. Conch. Ins. Brit. p. 250. pl. 11. f. 15.
Pisidium amnicum, Jenyns, Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc.iv.309.no.6.
a Les nee
Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. p. 285. no. 120. pl. 1. f. 5.
Forbes & Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. 11. 133. pl. 37.f.8, 9, &
1. O. f. 8.

Pera auviatilis, Leach, Mus. Brit. (teste Jenyns, Cambr. Phil. Soc.
iv. 310); Moll. Brit. Syn. ed. Gray, p. 292. no. 3.

Pera Henslowiana, Leach, Brit. Mus. (teste Jenyns, loc. cit.p.310) ;
Moll. Brit. Syn. p. 291. no. 1.

Pisidium inflatum, Megerle in Porro, Malac. Comasea, p. 121.
no. 109. pl. 2. f. 13.

Villa, Dispos. Meth. Conch. p. 44.

Pisidium Pfeifferi, Ziegler (sec. Stentz) in Porro, Malac. Comasea,
SPAR
Pitiaium palustre, Porro, Malac. Comasea, p. 122. no. 3.

Villa, Disp. Meth. Moll. p. 44.

Spinelli, Cat. Moll. Bresciana, p. 20. no. 136.

Cordula amnica, Leach, Moll. Brit. Syn. ed. Gray, p. 293. no. 1.

Hab. In aquis dulcibus Europe.

2. PisuM CASERTANUM. B.M.

P. testa crassa, ovali, tumidiuscula, valde obliqua, latere antico
posticum feré duplo superante, tenuissime transversim striata,
pellucida, cornea, fragili, apicibus integris, obtusissimis, seepius

276 BIVALVE SHELLS.

purpureis; dentibus cardinalibus duobus minimis, lateralibus
m utraque valva validis; ligamento minimo, extus con-
spicuo.
Cardium casertanum, Poli, Test. utr. Sicil. i. 65. pl. 16. f. 1
(1791).
Cyclas fontinalis (ex parte), Nilsson, Hist.Moll. Suec.p.101.no.6.
Pisidium australe, Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. i. 39; i. 31. no. 2.
a 1s. 2.
Ray & Drouet, Cat. des Moll. de la Champ. p. 32. no. 63.
Pisidium cmereum, Alder, Cat. Land & Freshw. Moll. Northumb.
Suppl. p. 4.
Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. p. 286. no. 121. pl. 10. f. 152.
Forbes & Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. ii. 125. pl. 36. f. 2.
Dupuy, Hist. nat. des Moll. de France, p. 683. pl. 30. f. 3.
Pisidium obtusale, Villa, Disp. Syst. Conch. p. 44.
Cyclas obliqua, Dupuy, Moll. du Gers, p. 91. no. 4.
Cyclas cinerea, Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 91.
Cyclas lenticularis, Normand, Notice sur quelques espéces de Cy-
clades, p. 8. no. 4. f. 7, 8.
Pisidium iratianum, Dupuy, Cat. extr. Gall. no. 234.
Pisidium thermale, Dupuy, loc. cit. no. 238 ; Hist. nat. des Moll.
de France, p. 682. pl. 30. f. 6.
Pisidium calyeulatum, Dupuy, Cat. extr. Gall. no. 229; Hist.
nat. des Moll. de France, p. 684. pl. 30. f. 4.
Pisidium sinuatum, Bourguignat, Journ. de Conch:i. 421; u. 49.
pl. 1. f. 6-10.
Pisidium lenticulare, Dupuy, Hist.nat. des Moll. de France,p.680.
no. 2. pl. 30. f. 2.

Hab. Europa.

3. PISUM VITREUM.

P. testa variabile, obliqué ovali, inzequilaterali, plus minusve ven-
tricosa, striata, striis profundiusculis, nitida, cinereo-lutescente
vel sordide ferruginea incrustata ; umbonibus obtusiusculis,
simplicibus, approximatis, vix prominentibus.

Cardium amnicum (junius), Mont. Test. Brit. p. 88 (teste Gray
1840, Hanley 1843).

Cyclas fontinalis, Brown, Edinb. Journ. of Nat. and Geol. Sc. i.
pelt. b, 7.

Alder, Trans. Nat. Hist. of Newcastle, p. 41. no. 69.

Cyclas vitrea, Risso, Eur. Merid. iv. 338. no. 914.

Pisidium Joannis, Macgilliv. Moll. Anim. of Scotl. p. 209. no. 1,
et p. 248.

Pisidium Jenynsii, Macgilliv. loc. cit. p. 209. no. 2. p. 249.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 277

Pisidium vitreum, Pfeiffer in Verani, Cat. del Golfo di Genova,
§c., p. 13.

Pissdiam Normandianum, Dupuy in Gassies, Moll. de ? Agenais,
p- 206. no. 2; Cat. extr. Test. Gall. p.4. no. 233; Hist. nat.
des Moll. de France, p. 686. no. 7. pl. 31. f. 1.

Pisidium limosum, Gassies, Moll. de l Agenais, p. 206. no. 3.
pl. 2: f. 10, 11.

Pisidium Gassiesianum, Dupuy in Gass. Moll. de ? Agenais, p.207.
no. 5. pl. 2. f.12; Cat. extr. Gall. Test. p. 4. no. 232; Hist.
nat. des Moll. de France, p. 685. pl. 30. f. 7.

Hab. Europa.

4, PisuM NITIDUM.

P. testa orbiculato-ovali, subinzequilaterali, convexiuscula, niti-
dissima, albo-lutescente raro sordide aut rubigine obtecta,
tenuiter striata, striis aliquibus distinctius incisis ; umbonibus
obtusis, approximatis, marginem dorsalem paulo superantibus.
Cyclas pusilla (ex parte), Turt. Man. p. 16. no. 7.
Pisidium nitidum, Jenyns, Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. iv. 304. no. 3.
pl. 20. f. 7, 8.
Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. p. 282. no. 2. pl. 12. f. 150.
Forbes § Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. ii. 126. pl. 37. f. 14.
Dupuy, Hist. des Moll. de France, p. 692. no. 12. pl. 31. f. 5.
Cyclas nitida, Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 90; Suppl. pl. 14. f. 46.

Hab. Europa.

5. PIsuM PUSILLUM.

P. testa orbiculato-ovali, aliquantisper suboblonga vix imequila-
terali, margine dorsali recto, compressiusculo, margine inferiore
acuto; subtilissime striata; umbonibus subdepressis, parum
preminulis, interdum subacutis.

Chama fluviatilis, Schrot. Flussconch. p. 194. pl. 4. f. 7; Einl.

_ iii. 25. no. 87.

Tellina pusilla, Gmel. Syst. Nat. p. 3231. no. 16.

(ex parte), Dillw. Cat. i. 106. no. 76.
(ex parte), Turt. Conch. Dict. p. 167. no. 2.
Wood, Gen. Conch. p. 152. no. 16.

Cyclas fontinalis (pars), Drap. Hist. des Moll. de France, p. 130,
pl. 10, £11, 12.

Lamk, An. s. Vert. v. 559. no. 7.
Nilsson, Hist. Moll. Suec. p. 101. no. 6.

Cyclas pusilla, Turt. Man. p. 16. no. 7. pl. 1. f.7; Conch. Ins,

Brit. p. 251. no. 5. pl. 11. f. 16, 17.

278 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Pisidium fontinale, C. Pfeiffer, Syst. Anord. p. 125. no. 3. pl. 5.
f. 15, 16.
Dupuy, Hist. des Moll. de France, p. 691. no. 11. pl. 31. f. 3.
Pera pulchella, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus. teste Alder, Cat. of the
Land, &c., p. 41. no. 69; Moll. Brit. Syn. ed. Gray, p. 292.
no. 5 (1852).
Euglesa Henslowiana, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus. teste Jenyns,
Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. vi. 302; Moll. Brit. Syn. p. 291. no. 1.
Pisidium pusillum, Jenyns, Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc.vi.302.no.2.
pl. 20. f. 4-6.
Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. p. 283. no. 117. pl. 1. f. 7.
Forbes & Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. ii. 123. pl. 37. f. 10,
& pl. O. f. 9.
Pisidium Palghat (ex parte), Gray, Turt.Man. p. 284. no. 118.
Pisidium roseum, Scholéz, Mol/. Fauna, p. 140. no. 3.
Pisidium obtusale ?, Gassies, Moll. de P Agenais, p. 207.
Ray & Drouet, Cat. des Moll. de la Champ. p. 32. no. 167.

Hab. Europa.

6. Pisum HENSLOWIANUM. B.M.

P. testa obliqué ovali, ventricosa, anticé planiuscula, distincté
inzequilaterali, tenuiter striata, nitide lutescenti-alba vel cor-
nea, szepius partim precipue ad apicem sordide ferruginea ;
umbones acutiusculi, projectura parva lamelliformi adornati.

Pera Henslowiana, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus. 1819 (teste Gray,
1851) (teste Jenyns, 1832).

Tellina Henslowana, Sheppard, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiv. 150. no. 4.

Cyclas appendiculata, Leach, MSS. (teste Turt. 1831); Manual,

15

Turt. Man. p. 15. no. 6. pl. 1. f. 6.
Pisidium acutum, Pfeiffer, Wiegm. Arch. i. 230.
Pisidium Henslowianum, Jenyns, Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. iv.
308. no. 5. pl. 21. f. 6, 7.
Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. p. 285. no. 119. pl. 1. f. 6.
Forbes & Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. ii. 131. pl. 37. f. 11.
Dupuy, Hist. nat. Moll. de France, p. 687. no. 8. pl. 31. f. 2.
Pera appendiculata, Leach, Moll. Brit. Syn.p.292.no.4, ed. Gray

Hab. Europa.

7. PIisuM PULCHELLUM. B.M.

P. testa minuta, obliqué cordata, valde mzequilaterali, ventricosa,
concentricé striata, tenui, fragili; umbonibus prominulis.

Pera pulchella, Leach, MSS. fide Jenyns.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 279

Pisidium pulchellum, Jenyns, Mon. 18. pl. 21. f. 1-5.
Gray, Turt. Man. p. 284. pl. 12. f. 15.
Pfeiffer, Deutsch. Land und Susswass. Moll. pt.1.p.125.pl.5.
Hanley & Forbes, Brit. Moll. i. 128. pl. 37. f. 12, 13.
Phil. Enum. Moll. Sicil. nu. 31.

C. fontinalis, Drap. Terr. et Fluv. pt. 30. t. 10. f. 12?

Galileja tenebrosa, Da Costa, Corr. Zool. fide Phil.
Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1851, p. 413. pl. 12. f. 6-10.

Hab. Europa.

8. PISUM OBTUSALE. B.M.

P. testa globosa, obliqué subovali, ventricosissima, crassitudine
feré altitudinem equante, nitida, subtiliter striata, virescenti-
nigra, vel ochraceo-nigricante, zona marginali plus minusve
lata lutescente vel subaurantia; umbonibus tumidis, obtusé
rotundatis vix prominentibus.

Cyclas obtusalis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 559. no. 6.
Nilsson, Moll. Suec. p. 101. no. 5.
Pisidium obtusale, Pfeiffer, Syst. Anord. p. 125. no. 2. pl. 5.
e222:
Jenyns, Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. iv. 301. pl. 20. f. 1-3.
Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. p. 282. no. 115. pl. 12. f. 149.
Forbes & Hanley, Hist. of Brit. Moll. ii. 120. pl. 36. f. 1.
Dupuy, Hist. nat. des Moll. de France, p. 690. no. 10.
pl. 31. f. 4.
Cyclas gibba, Alder, Trans. of Northumb. Nat. Hist. Soc. i. 41.
no. 70.
Pera gibba, Leach, MSS. (teste Jenyns, Trans. &c. p. 301); Moll.
Brit. Synop. ed. Gray, p. 292. no. 6.
Cyclas fontinalis, var. obtusalis ?, Dupuy, Moil. du Gers, p. 89.
no. 2.

Hab. Europa.

9. Pisum RECLUZIANUM.

P. testa minima, inequilaterali, ovali, complanata, pellucida,
nitidiuscula, arguté concentricéque striata, epidermide pallido-
cornea; natibus valde prominulis; ligamento inconspicuo ;
dente cardinali minutissimo, obliquo, stbacuto; dente laterali
obtuso, subproducto in utroque latere, vix in valva sinistra
perspicuis.

Cyclas Recluziana, Bourguignat, Journ. de Conch. 1852, p. 174.
pl..Ge £28:

Hab. Gallia occidentalis.

280 BIVALVE SHELLS.

10. PrsuM LENTICULARE.

P. testa transvers® ovata, compressa, inzequilaterali, anticé
producta, tenui, diaphana, subtilissimé striata, albido-rufes-
cente ; umbone obtuso; ligamento inconspicuo.

Cyclas lenticularis, Normand, Notice sur quelques Cycl.p.8.no.4.
ay AL

Hab. In fluvio Scaldizx.

11. Pisum CRrEPLINI.

P. testa plus minusve ventricosa, orviculato-rhomboidea, vel sub-
ovali, imequilaterali, anticé producta, posticé brevi, tenui, pel-
lucente, concentricé atqué tenerrimé striata, unicolore lutea
seu albo-lutescente, seu zonis cimereo-nigricantibus et luteo-
olivaceis picta ; umbonibus obtusis, plus minusve tuberculosis,
antrorsum incurvis, approximatis; ligamento minimo, feré in-
conspicuo, latere breviori insito; dente bifido cardimali in
utraque valyula; laterales duo valde compressi.

Cyclas Creplini, Dunker, Zeitschr. fiir Malac. 1845, p. 20.

Hab. In fossulis paludosis prope Casselis loco Hottenkirchen
dicto.

2. Africane.

12. PisuM PARASITICUM. B.M.

P. testa ovato-transversa, convexiuscula, mequilaterali, trans-
versim tenué et irregulariter striata, epidermide viridi-fusces-
cente vestita, atro-rubescente aliquantisper intus extusque

uncticulata; latere antico brevi, obtuso, angusto; postico
histone extremitate obtusé truncato; margine superiore recto,
inferiori parallelo ; cardine angustissimo, dentibus cardinalibus
obsoletis, lateralibus angustis, brevibus; umbonibus magnis,
obtusis, obliquis.

Pisidium parasiticum, Parreys, MSS.
Hab. In Nilo superiore.

13. Pisum LuMSTENIANUM. B.M.

P. testa ovata, obliqué trigona, tumida, ineequilaterali, transversim
striata; natibus prominentibus, roseo-corneis.

Pisidium Lumstenianum, Forbes, Moll. of Algeria, Ann. of Nat.
Hist. ser. 2. no. 10. 1838, p. 255. no. 45. pl. 12. f. 4.

Hab, in fonticulis Mitidjane.

58 tie

BIVALVE SHELLS. 281

14. Pisum CANARIENSE.

P. testa ovali, compressiuscula, valde inzequilaterali, subtiliter
striata, sordide albida, pellucida, umbonibus vix prominulis,
obtusis.

Pisidium Canariense, Shuttleworth, Diagn.neuer Moll.no.1.p.12.
Hab. Teneriffa.

15. PIsuM FERRUGINEUM. B.M.

P. testa ovato-rhomboidea, subcompressa, tenui, cornea, ferri
oxydo obtecta. ineequilaterali, transversim striata; extremitate
antica brevi, rotundata, postica latiore, oblique subtruncata ;
apicibus acutis prominulis; dentibus lateralibus valvule dex-
tre prominentibus, antico acuto; superficie mterna pallide
violaceo-ferruginea.

Pisidium ferrugineum, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p.7. no.2. pl.1. f. 7.

Hab. Caput Bone Spei in fluvio Knysna.

3. Americe septentrionalis.

16. PIsUM VIRGINICUM.
P. testa minima, rotundata, subtiliter transversim striata, anticé
rostrata (Gmelin).
Pectunculus perpusillus, Lister, Conch. pl. 159. f. 15.
Petiv. Gazoph. p. 1. pl. 104. f. 5 (malus).
Tellma virginica, Gmel. Syst. Nat. p. 3236. no. 39.
Tellina pusilla (ex parte), Dillw. Cat. i. 106. no. 76.
Cyclas virginica, Férussac, Observ. Mag. de Zool.

Hab. Respublica Virginie, Americe septentrionalis.

17. PIsuM MINUS.
P. testa minima, ovata, inzequilaterali, natibus tumidis, approxi-
matis; marginibus rotundatis; dentibus omnibus crassis.
Cyclas minor, Adams & Migh. Boston Journ. of Nat. Hist. 1842,
p. d3.pl. 4. f. 2.
Migh. Cat. of the Shells of Maine, Bost. Journ. of Nat. Hist.
iv. 319.
Hab. In aquis duleibus cirea Stonington, Respublice Unite
Americ septentrionalis.

18. PisuM ABRUPTUM.
P. testa ovata, valde inzequilaterali, olivacea vel pallide castanea ;

282 | BIVALVE SHELLS.

umbonibus fere terminalibus, margine antico in ventrali abrupté
terminato.
Cyclas abrupta, Haldeman, Proc. Acad. Sc. 1841.
DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 226.
Hab. In flumine Elk dicto Marylandico.

19. PisuM EDENTULUM.

P. testa ovato-transversa, ineequilaterali, viridi-fuscescente, trans-
versim et regulariter striata, striis parum elevatis ; umbonibus
obtusis, depressis, decorticatis ; dentibus cardinalibus parvulis,
linearibus, obliquis, lateralibus angustis.

Cyelas edentula, Say, Deser. Land § Freshw. Shells, p. 10.

DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 226.

Hab. America septentrionalis.

20. PisuM DUBIUM.
P. testa rotundato-elliptica, subineequilaterali, convexa, elegan
ter striata, natibus subdecorticatis.

Cyelas striatina, Lamk. An. s. Vert. vy. 560. no. 10.

Deless. Rec. de Coq. pl. 7. f. 4.
Cyclas dubia, Say, Nichol. Ency. ed. 4. pl. 1. f. 10.

Gould, Rep. Invert. Mass. p. 75. f. 56.

DeKay, Nat. Hist. of New York, Moll. p. 223. pl. 15. f. 261.
Cyclas dubiosa, Catlow, Conch. Nom. p. 29. no. if

Hab. Respublice Unite Americz septentrionalis.

21. PisuM ABDITUM.

P. testa minuta, ovata, ventricosa, pallide ochracea; umbonibus
obtusis, approximatis.

Cyclas abdita, Haldeman, Proc. Acad. Se. 1841.
DeKay, Zool. New York, pt. 5. p. 226.

Hab. In aquis dulcibus Pennsylvaniz.

22. PISUM COMPRESSUM.

P. testa minuta, compressa, perobliqua, triangulari, posticée
abrupta, alba, nitida, tenuiter striata; natibus parvis, apicu-
latis.

Cyclas compressa, Prime, Ann. of the Lyc. of New York, 1852,
p- 219. pl. 6.

Hab. In fluviis Massachusettsensibus.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 283

23. PisuM ALTILE. B.M.

P. testa trigona, valde meequilaterali, tumida, cordiformi, soli-
dula, transversim eleganter tenuissimé striata, epidermide viridi-
fuscescente vestita, intus albo-cerulescente ; latere postico
brevissimo, obtuso, antico duplo longiore, paululum attenuato,
obtuso ; dentibus cardinalibus minimis, lateralibus in utraque
valva validis ; umbonibus altis, prominentibus, subobliquis.

Cyclas altilis, Prime, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1852.
Hab. Ohio, Americ septentrionalis.

4. Americe meridionalis.
24. Pisum VEATLEYI.

P. testa ovata, convexiuscula, valde inzequilaterali, nitida, tenu-
issimé striata, cornea, fusco tincta; margine antico brevi, ob-
tuso, rotundato, postico longiore, subtruncato; umbonibus
obtusis, minimis, vix prominentibus.

Cyclas Veatleyi, Adams, Contr. to Conch. p. 44. no. 3, & no. 9.
p- 187. no. 389.

Hab. Jamaica.

25. PISuM PULCHELLUM.

P. testa ovata, inflata, tenui, sublevigata, epidermide virides-
cente, ineequilaterali; latere antico elongato, rotundato; latere
postico brevi, obtuso; intus albicante.

Cyclas pulchella, D’Orb. (non Jenyns) Mag. de Zool. p. 44. no. 4:
Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 568. pl. 83. f. 8-10.

Hab. In lacu prope Maldonado reipublice orientalis Uru-
guayensis.

26. PisUM MODIOLIFORME.

P. testa oblonga, diaphana, nitida, levi, ventricosa, rostrata;
rostro curvato ; natibus minimis, vix conspicuis.

Cyclas modioliformis, Anton, Wiegm. Arch. 1837, p. 284. no. 9;
Verz. der Conch. p. 14. p. 516.

Hab. America meridionalis.

27. PIsuM MACULATUM.

P. testa cordato-obliqua, inzequilaterali, fragili, transversé striata ;
natibus prominulis ; epidermide olivacea nigro maculata.

284 BIVALVE SHELLS.

Cyclas maculata, Anton (non Morelet), Wiegm. Arch. 1837, p.284.
no. 8; Verz. der Conch. p. 14. no. 514.

Hab. America meridionalis.

28. Pisum CHILENSE.

P. testa ovata, compressa, concentricé striata, epidermide virides-
cente, inzequilaterali; latere antico elongato; latere postico
brevi, rotundato.

Cyclas chilensis, D’Orb. Voy. en Amér. Moll. p. 568. pl. 83.
f. 11-13.

Hab. In nvulis prope Concepcion urbem Chiliensem.

29. Pisum BAHIENSE. B.M.
P. testa ovata, tumidula, inequilaterali, transversim tenuissime
striata; sulcis duobus transversis prominentibus ; umbonibus
obtusis, tuberculo plano terminatis, latere antico breviore,
semicirculari, postico latiore obtuso ; valvis crassiusculis fulvis
nigro irregulariter maculatis.
Cyclas Bahiensis, Spir, Moll. du Brésil, p. 32. pl. 25. f. 5, 6.
Moric. Mém.de la Soc. d’ Hist. nat. de Genéve, vii. 445. no. 54.
Hanley, Descr. Cat. p. 91.

Hab. Bahia.

30. Pisum ADAMSI.

P, testa ovata, inzequilaterali, turgida, tenuissime striata; latere
antico vix truncato, postico longiore, rotundato ; umbonibus
obtusis, non prominentibus ; dente cardinali minimo, lamel-
loso; dentibus lateralibus cardine approximatis.

Cyclas pygmea, Adams, Contr. to Conch. no. 3. p. 44, & no. 9.
p: is) no. 388.

Hab. Jamaica.

5. Australienses.

31. PisuM SEMEN.

P. testa obliqué ovata, ventricosa, umbonibus turgidis, epider-
mide flavo-cornea, in margine pallidiore induta, subtilissime
transversim striata, decorticata alba vel lilacina.

Cyclas semen, Menke, Moll. Nov. Holl. p. 40. no. 232.

Hab. In ripa sabulosa Fluvii Cygnorum.

BIVALVE SHELLS. 285

32. Pisum AUSTRALE.
_ P. testa subcordata, tumida, ineequilaterali, transversim striato-
sulcata; umbone prominente ; natibus obliqué versis.

Cyclas australis, Lamk. An. s. Vert. v. 560. no. 8.
Hab. Nova Hollandia et insula Timor dicta.

6. Species dubia.
1. Pisidium Dhingolii, Bivona in A. & J. B. Villa, Disp. Syst.
Conch. p. 44.
Hab. Sicilia.

2. Pisidium depressum, Pfeiffer in Shuttleworth, Diag. neuer
Moll. no. 1. 1852, p. 12.

Hab. Sicilia.
3. Pisidium, Mallet, Mortillet Cat.
Hab. In rivulis Guayam affluentibus.

4, Pisidium perpusillum, Gértner, Ann. der Wetterauischen,
ii. 316. no. 3.
Hab. In aquis dulcibus Honovie.

13

A.
abbreviata, 92.
abdita, 282.
abditum, 282.
abrupta, 282.
abruptum, 281.
acuminata,

mail
acuminatum, 271.
acutum, 278.
Adamsi, 284.
Adansoni, 17, 29, 32.
adenensis, 92.
zenea, 174.
zqualis, 201.
zequata, 262.
zequilatera, 50.
zquilateralis, 255.
zquivoca, 89.
affinis, 7, 73, 102, 245.
Africana, 17, 222.
agrestis, 112.
alata, 14.
alba, 169.
albida, 68, 84.
albina, 68.
albo-cincta, 79.
albo-radiata, 115.
albula, 269.
albulum, 269.
alta, 19, 122.
alternata, 77.
altile, 283.
altilis, 283.

78, 174, |

LD ae.

| altior, 25.

| Alvarezii, 155.

amabilis, 163.
Amathusia, 132.
ambigua, 47, 153, 223.
Ameroda, 261.
Amisoda, 261.
amnica, 2795.
amnicum, 264, 274,
276.
amphidesmoides, 12.
amygdalina, 215.

| analis, 183.

angulata,201,204,259.
angulifera, 79.
angulosa, 16.
anomala, 155, 257.
Anomalocardia, 115.

| antiqua, 109.

anus, 23.
aphrodina, 147.
aphrodinoides, 148.
apicalis, 88.
appendiculata, 278.
arabica, 91.
araneosa, 169.
arctata, 253.
arctica, 200.
argentina, 50, 272.
argentinum, 272.
Artemis, 5.
Artemis, 86.
aspera, 25, 140.
asperrima, 139.

aspersa, 164.

astartoides, 147.

atrata, 240.

aurantia, 56.

aurea, 173, 268.

aureum, 268.

australe, 276, 285.

australis, 24, 87, 94,
142, 230, 285.

B.
Bahiense, 284.
Bahiensis, 284.
Batissa, 219, 234.
Belcheri, 75, 170.
bella, 132.
Bengalensis, 224,
Bensoni, 223.
Berrii, 125.
Beudanti, 175.
bicolor, 49.
bilunulata, 20.
biradiata, 58, 170.
Birmanicus, 44.
bis cocta, 27.
borealis, 260.
Brasiliana, 232.
brevis, 195.
brevispina, 76.
Brongniarti, 128.
Bruguieri, 22, 183.
bullata, 70.
Buschii, 243.

C.
celata, 28, 129.
cerulea, 19.
calcaria, 123.
calculus, 27.
Californica, 208.
Californiensis, 133.
Caliste, 96.
callipyga, 92, 149.
callosa, 82, 135.
calophylla, 120.
calyculata, 262.
calyculatum, 276.
canaliculata, 25.
Canariense, 281.
cancellata, 99, 134.
candida, 61, 217.
Capense, 265.
Capensis, 265.
cardilla, 139.
cardioides, 138.
cardissa, 268.
carditoides, 192.
carneola, 149, 159.
Caroliniana, 254.
Caroliniensis, 254.
casertanum, 275.
Cashmiriensis, 224.
casina, 100.
casta, 35.
castanea, 38, 156, 271.
castaneum, 270.
castrensis, 93, 176.
catenifera, 175, 185.
cerea, 293.
Ceylanica, 248.
Ceylonensis, 151.
Chemnitzii, 108.
Childrene,.237.
Childreni, 237.
Chilense, 284.
Chilensis, 284.
Chinensis, 30, 61, 202,

PALE

Chione, 56.
Chione, 118.
chlorotica, 124.
Choristodon, 218.
cinerea, 184, 276.
cinereum, 276.

INDEX.

cingenda, 135.
cingulata, 103.
Circe, 82.
circinaria, 9.
circinata, 77.
citrina, 72, 264.
clathrata, 106.
Clementia, 197.
coaxans, 248.
Cochinensis, 132.
Columbiensis,110,136.
communis, 264.
compressa, 48, 227,
282.
compressum, 282.
compta, 29, 133, 249.
concentrica, 6.
concinna, 10, 74, 214.
conjuncta, 244.
consobrina, 10, 101,
221, 263.
consobrinum, 263.
contracta, 29.
contusa, 28.
conularis, 148, 156.
convexa, 71, 231.
cor, 71, 145, 221.
Corbicula, 51.
Corbicula, 219, 220.
corbiculoides, 239.
Corbis, 108.
Cordieri, 190.
cordiformis, 66, 259.
Cordula, 274.
Cornea, 261.
cornea, 261, 262, 263,
267.
Corneocyclas, 261.
corneum, 263.
Cornubiensis, 194.
corpulenta, 39.
corrugata, 22, 85, 185,
196, 203.
costata, 42, 63, 137,
2125 2165
costellata, 109, 209.
costellifera, 130.
costulata, 142.
Cracherodii, 92.
; crassa, 150.

287

| erassatelloides, 46.

crassicosta, 137.
crassisulca, 169.
crebrisulca, 100, 111.
crenata, 111, 192.
crenifera, 136.
crenulata, 111.
Creplini, 155, 280.
cretacea, 28.
crispata, 107.
crocea, 8, 85.
cultellus, 213.
Cumingii, 20, 79, 121,
185, 228, 257.
cuneata, 231.
Cuneus, 160, 190.
curta, 203.
Cyanocyclas, 229.
cycladiformis, 73.
Cyclas, 261.
Cyclina, 29.
cycloides, 7.
Cygnus, 77.
cylindracea, 208.
Cypria, 126.
Cyprina, 199.
cyprinoides, 240, 241,
247.
Cyrena, 219, 241.
Cyrenarum, 285.
Cyrenodonta, 240.
Cyrenoida, 286.
Cyrilli, 88.
Cytherea, 34, 54.

D.
dactyloides, 184.
dactylus, 213.
damaoides, 47.
debilis, 254.
decipiens, 128, 248.
declivis, 104, 162.
decorata, 131.
decussata, 177,

209, 217.
dentaria, 90.
denticulata, 150, 178,

213.
depressa, 260.
depressum, 285.

13*

189,

288

Deshayesii, 168.
detruncata, 272.
detruncatum, 272.
Dhingolii, 285.
Diemenensis, 73, 195.
dilatata, 12.
Dillwyni, 49.

Dione, 54.

Dione, 76.

discina, 101.

discors, 89, 141, 215.
discrepans, 109, 127.
discus, 10.

dispar, 89.

disrupta, 69, 185.
distans, 7, 123, 195.
distorta, 271.
distortum, 271.
divaricata,88,216,247.
divergens, 216.
dolabella, 49.
Dombei, 110.
dorsata, 166.
Dosinia, 5.

dubia, 54, 266, 282.
dubiosa, 282.
dubium, 266, 282.
Dunkeri, 8.
duplicata, 16.
Dupontia, 286.
Dupontiana, 286.
dura, 166, 252.
dysera, 156.

E.
eccentrica, 99.
edentula, 282.
edentulum, 282.
effossus, 42, 100.
egregia, 273.
egregium, 273.
elegans, 29, 58, 93,

123, 139, 270.
elegantina, 148.
elevata, 156, 269.
elevatum, 269.
elliptica, 92, 156, 191.
emarginata, 267.

INDEX.

Erycina, 61, 62.
Erycinella, 62.
erythrea, 86.
Essingtonensis, 251.
Euglesa, 274.
Euphratica, 223, 234.
exalbida, 154.
exarata, 162.
exasperata, 20.
excavatus, 43.
excisa, 21.

exilis, 40, 156.
eximia, 111, 235.
exoleta, 11, 13, 17.
exotica, 191.
expallescens, 188.
expansa, 243.

F.
fabagella, 182.
fabale, 269.
fabalis, 269.
fallax, 244,
fasciata, 127.
fastigiata, 94.
ferruginea, 17.
ferrugineum, 281.
festiva, 59.
fibula, 27.
flammiculata, 149.
flava, 268.
flavescens, 264.
flavida, 31.
flavum, 268.
flexuosa, 116, 118.
florida, 61, 174.
Floridana, 257.
floridella, 81, 175.
fluctifraga, 135.
fluctuata, 73.
fluctuosa, 176.
fluminalis, 222.
fluminea, 226.
fluviatilis, 226, 275.
foliacea, 122, 192.
foliatus, 194.
Fontainei, 253.
fontinale, 278.

formosa, 40.
fornicata, 212.
foveolata, 103.
fulminata, 50, 81.
fumigata, 151.
fusca, 38.

fuscata, 223, 226.
fusco-lineata, 140.

G.
galactites, 183.
Galathez, 246.
Galileja, 274.
gallina, 143.
gallinula, 142.
Gassiesianum, 277.
Geloina, 241.
Gemma, 112.
gemma, 113.
geographica, 182.
gibba, 279.
Gibbia, 90.
gibbosa, 218.
gibbosula, 71.
gigantea, 7, 80, 187,

267.
giganteum, 267.
gilva, 124,
glandina, 183.
glauea, 13.
Glaucomya, 202.
Glauconome, 202.
globosa, 273.
Gnidia, 152.
gracile, 268.
gracilior, 53,
gracilis, 214, 268.
grandis, 225.
granulata, 138.
granulifera, 198.
graphica, 37.
grata,$,40,62,140,170.
gravescens, 122.
Grayi, 80.
grisea, 186.
Gruneri, 27.
guineensis, 77.

H

emarginatum, 267. fontinalis, 276, 277,

englypta, 162. 279. | Hagenowi, 58.

Hanleyi, 53, 164.
hebrzea, 67, 95.
Henslowiana, 275,
278.
Henslowianum, 278.
hepatica, 18.
hiantina, 149.
hieroglyphica, 37.
Hindsii, 53.
histrio, 24.
histrionica, 139.
humerosa, 239.
Humpbreyi, 142.

I:
leracianum, 276.
Iguebilei, 110.
imbricata, 132.
immaculata, 21, 82.
impar, 55.
impressa, 118, 249.
impudica, 36.
ineequalis, 157.
incerta, 53, 176,

250.
incisa, 9.
incompta, 33.
incrassata, 233.
indecora, 74.
indica, 178.
indicum, 265.
inflata, 32, 65, 157,

162, 260.
inflatum, 275.
innocens, 69.
inornata, 270.
inornatum, 270.
inquinata, 157, 244.
insignis, 236, 255.
interjecta, 196.
intermedia, 49, 179.
interrupta, 153.
intersecta, 139.
intuspunctata, 181.
Irus, 193.
Isabelleana, 112.
Isabellina, 124.
Islandica, 199.
isocardia, 14.
Isocardioides, 258.

INDEX.

de
Japonica, 26, 146,181.
Jayana, 238.
Jayanum, 270.
Jayense, 270.
Jayensis, 237, 270.
Jenynsii, 276.
Joannis, 276.
Jukesi, 100, 251.
juvenilis, 23.
juvenis, 23.

K.
Kelletii, 127.
Keraudrenia, 235.
Kingii, 69.
Kochii, 150.
Kraussii, 154.
Kroyeri, 32.

L.
Labuana, 145.
lacerata, 105.
lactea, 101.
lacustre, 262.
lacustris, 262.
leta, 64,175.
leevigata, 52.
lagopus, 142.
Lajonkairia, 217.
Lajonkairii, 217.
Lamarckii,39, 69,110.
lamellata, 16,110,119.
lamellosa, 194.
laminata, 22.
laminosa, 144.
lapicida, 216.
laqueata, 107.
Largillierti, 180, 225.
laterisulca, 153.
laterisulcata, 186.
lauta, 245.

Leachii, 264.

lenticulare, 276, 280.

lenticularis, 24, 85,
154, 237, 276, 280,
286.

lentiformis, 6, 12.

lentiginosa, 93.

lepida, 77.

289

Lessoni, 48.
leucodon, 134.
ligula, 61.
lilacina, 63.
Lima, 137.
limatula, 60.
limosa, 231, 232.
limosum, 277.
lincta, 12, 17.
lineata, 52.
linguatula, 212.
lirata, 24, 163.
Listeri, 106,
literata, 146, 164, 182.
lithoida, 188.
lithophaga, 209.
liturata, 93.
livida, 28.
longilunata, 16.
Lorenziana, 94.
lubrica, 61.
lucinalis, 15, 216.
lucinoides, 18.
Lucinopsis, 30.
Lumstenianum, 280.
lunaris, 17.
lunularis, 116.
lupanaria, 76.
lupinus, 17.
Lusoria, 35.
lutea, 79, 273.
Luzonica, 170.
lyra, 104.
lyrata, 40.

M.
macilenta, 31.
macrodon, 117.
macrophylla, 193.
mactracea, 157.
mactroides,48,51,246.
maculata, 57,272,284.
maculatum, 272, 283.
madraspatana, 41.
magnifica, 105.
malabarica, 160.
Malaccensis, 227.
Manilensis, 227.
Manille, 75.

Marie, 126.

290

marica, 129, 138.
maritima, 259.
marmorata, 153.
maxima, 187, 201.
Megadesma, 239.
membranacea, 101.
menstrualis, 43.
Mercenaria, 113.
mercenaria, 114,
Meretrix, 34.
meretrix, 36.
Meroé, 41.
Meroé, 41.
Meroéformis, 163.
mesodesma, 150.
Mexicana, 260.
minima, 87.
minor, 96, 281.
minus, 281.
minuta, 73, 157.
mirabile, 269.
mirabilis, 207, 269.
mitis, 142.
modesta, 17, 23, 72,
79, 270.
modestum, 270.
modioliforme, 283.
modioliformis, 283.
monilifera, 109.
monstrosa, 197.
Morphina, 37.
Mortoni, 114.
Moussoni, 227.
multicostata, 106.
multiradiata, 63.
multispinosa, 76.
multistriata, 64.
Muscaria, 89.
Mysia, 30.

N,
nanus, 14.
Naranio, 215.
nebulosa, 151.
neglecta, 134.
Nepeanensis, 230.
nigella, 263.
nitens, 8, 174, 227.
nitida, 158, 250, 272,

277.

INDEX.

nitidula, 47, 256.
nitidum, 271, 277.
nivea, 212.

nobilis, 7, 78.
nodulosa, 110.
Normandianum, 277.
notabilis, 256.
notata, 114.

Nove Zelandiz, 272.
nucleus, 264.

nucula, 54,
nummulina, 88.
Nuttallii, 135, 188.
Nuzx, 261.

Nux, 263.

0.
obesa, 59, 238.
obliqua, 275, 276.
obliquata, 65.
obliquum, 275.
oblonga, 86, 103, 192,
257.

obovalis, 154.
obscura, 158, 232.
obscurata, 169.
obsoleta, 184, 230.
obtusale, 276, 278,
279.
obtusalis, 279.
occidens, 223.
oculata, 81.
opacus, 187.
opima, 151.
optica, 93.
orbicularia, 273.
orbicularis, 273.
Orbignyi, 26.
orientalis, 31,227,228.
ornata, 95.
ornatissima, 132.
ovalea, 166.
Ovalina, 229.
ovata, 130.
oviformis, 245.
ovum, 34.

[ey
pacifica, 61.
pallescens, 78.

pallida, 145, 247.
palustre, 275.
palustris, 275.
pannosa, 79.
Panormitana, 220.
Paphia, 160.
Paphia, 126.
papilionacea, 168.
Papua, 250.
papyracea, 197.
Paranensis, 231.
parasiticum, 280.
partumeia, 266.
Patagonica, 9.
patella, 271.
Paupercula, 153, 158.
Paytensis, 74.
pectinata, 90.
pectinula, 131.
pectoralis, 62, 82.
pectorina, 139.
Pectunculus, 73.
pellucida, 67.
penicillata, 16.
Pennaniii, 144.
Pera, 274.
perforans, 180.
Peronii, 146, 156.
perplexa, 176.
perpusillum, 285.
perpusillus, 281.
personata, 84.
peruviana, 125, 212,
259.
petalina, 175.
petechialis, 36.
Petiti, 189.
Petricola, 206.
Pfeifferi, 93, 275.
phaseolina, 172.
phasianella, 64.
Philippii, 72, 146.
Philippinarum,
179, 235.
pholadiformis, 211.
Phymereda, 261.
Phymisoda, 261.
picta, 42, 95.
pinguis, 151.
piperita, 59.

39)

Pisidium, 274.
Pisum, 220, 273.
Pitar, 68.
placens, 252.
placida, 124, 252.
placunella, 89.
plana, 10.
planata, 86.
planatella, 59.
planulata, 48.
plebeia, 86.
plicata, 120.
plumbeus, 264.
polita, 19, 47, 147,
172.
Polymeroda, 241, 254.
ponderosa, 7, 47, 268.
ponderosum, 268.
portesiana, 136.
preparca, 115.
Prideauxiana, 145.
Producta, 236.
prora, 65, 81.
prostrata, 21.
Psammotella, 205.
pubescens, 15.
pudica, 70.
puella, 125.
puerpera, 104.
pulchella, 188, 228,
278, 283.
pulchellum, 278, 279,
283.
pulchra, 62.
pulicaria, 111.
pulicaris, 89.
Pullastra, 160.
pullastra, 180.
pullata, 232.
punctifera, 116.
punicea, 179.
pura, 68. ’
purpurata, 188.
pusilla, 221, 277, 281.
pusillum, 277, 278.
pygmea, 129, 284.

Q.
quadrangularis, 152.
quadriradiata, 171.

INDEX.

R.
radiata, 12, 49, 51,
131, 152, 165, 204,
216, 222, 254.
ranella, 96.
rariflamma, 167, 210.
Rasterucii, 101.
recens, 148.
Reclusiana, 279.
recurvata, 226.
reflexa, 101.
regularis, 146.
resticulata, 107.
reticulata, 16,
108.
retifera, 169.
rhomboidea, 266.
rhemboideum, 266.
rhombifera, 161.
rigida, 103.
rimosa, 171.
rimularis, 149,
rivalis, 228, 264, 275.
rivicola, 261, 262.
rivularis, 84.
robusta, 210.
Roccellaria, 209.
Rodatzi, 165.
rosacea, 270.
rosaceum, 270.
rosalina, 102.
rosea, 77.
roseum, 278.
rostralis, 205.
rostrata, 71, 117.
rotundata, 167, 235.
rubicunda, 18.
rubiginosa, 66, 82.
rubra, 77.
ruderata, 136.
rudis, 72.
rufa, 23, 158.
rufescens, 67.
rugifera, 85.
rugosa, 102, 116, 144,
203, 213.
Rupellaria, 190.
ruperella, 210.
rutila, 58.
Ryckholtii, 264.

105,

291

Ss.
sabulicola, 262.
saccata, 32.
salmacida, 259.
Sarniensis, 173.
Sarratogea, 266.
Savignyi, 90.
Saxidomus, 186.
scabra, 24, 130.
scabriuscula, 25.
scalarina, 148.
scalaris, 22.
Scaldiana, 264.
scripta, 44, 83.
sculpta, 11, 100.
securis, 268.
semen, 284.
semi-lamellata, 209.
seminuda, 42.
semirngata, 163.
semisulcata, 62, 230.
Senegalensis, 180,287.
sericea, 19.
serrata, 192, 212.
Sieboldtii, 21.
simile, 265.
similis, 167, 198, 225,

245, 266.
simillima, 133.
simplex, 9, 79, 271.
Sinensis, 30.
sinuata, 12,13,17,144.
sinuatum, 276.
sinuosa, 33, 161, 249.
Solandri, 44,
Solangensis, 51.
solida, 191, 254, 265.
solidula, 18, 269.
solidulum, 269.
solidum, 265.
sordida, 255.
Sowerbyi, 95, 109.
spathulata, 59.
spheericula, 80.
Spherium, 219, 261.
spissa, 150.
spurca, 150.
squalida, 58, 188, 233,
squamosa, 117.
stagnicola, 262, 264.

292

Steenbuchii, 264.
Steinii, 273.
straminea, 141, 204,
267.
stramineum, 267.
striata, 68, 72, 145,
146, 209, 275.
striatella, 224.
striatina, 282.
striatissima, 15, 131.
strigosa, 148.
stultorum, 46.
Stutchburyi, 137.
Stutzeri, 92.
subdecussata, 196.
subglobosa, 208.
subimbricata, 117.
subinflata, 70.
sublobata, 248.
subnodulosa, 143.
suborbicularis, 251.
subpellucida, 66.
subquadrata, 31, 43,
256.
subrosea, 26.
subrostrata, 110, 134,
156.
subrugosa, 116.
substriata, 217.
subtrigona, 14.
sulcaria, 168. ;
sulcata, 86, 145, 266.
suleatina, 95, 233.
sulcosa, 161.
Sumatrensis, 242.
suppositrix, 74.

4
Tapes, 159.
Tehuelcha, 72.
tellineeformis, 78.
tellinoidea, 78.
tenebrosa, 238, 279.
tenera, 262.
tenuilamellata,21,115.
tenuis, 13, 33, 215.
tenuistria, 30.
tenuistriata, 177, 196,

267.

INDEX.

tenuistriatum, 267.
Terverianum, 264.
tessellata, 70, 14].
testudinalis, 89.
texta, 195.
textilis, 172.
textrix, 171.
texturata, 174.
Thaca, 110.
thermale, 276.
tiara, 121.
tigrina, 94.
torrida, 27.
tortuosa, 74.
transversa, 267.
transversaria, 90.
transversum, 267.
triangula, 253.
triangularis, 88, 234,
242.
tricoler, 140.
Trigona, 45.
trigona, 14, 224.
trigonella, 50, 234.
trimaculata, 96.
tripla, 52.
triquetra, 236.
triradiata, 41, 151.
tristis, 150.
truncata, 43, 186, 273.
tuberculata, 262.
tuberosa, 99.
tumefacta, 87.
tumens, 68.
tumescens, 65.
tumida, 15, 136, 229,
264.
turgida, 13, 166, 242.
turgidula, 166.
typica, 210.
typicum, 218.

U.
umbonella, 55.
undata, 33.
undatella, 141.
undatina, 83,
undulata, 48, 171.

THE END.

undulosa, 152.
unicolor, 61.
ustulata, 153.
V.

vaginalis, 45.
Vanikorensis, 252.
variabilis, 152, 153.
varians, 66.
varicosa, 128.
variegata, 24,179, 232.
Veatleyi, 283.
Velorita, 219, 240.
Veneris, 75.
Venerupis, 189.
Venetiana, 72.
veutricosa, 53, 214,

246.
Venus, 97.
vermiculosa, 159.
verrucosa, 98.
Villarita, 240.
violacea, 84, 113, 138,

150, 238.
violascens, 181.
virago, 173.
virens, 202.
virginea, 46, 172.
Virginica, 281.
Virginicum, 281.
virgo, 68.
vitrea, 198, 276.
vitreum, 276.
vulgaris, 181, 201.
vulnerata, 60.
vulvina, 159.

W.
Woodiana, 225.

x:
Yatei, 120.

Z.
Zelandica, 103, 138.
Zeylanica, 248.
zonaria, 38.

CATALOGUES

OF

THE ZOOLOGICAL COLLECTION

N

THE BRITISH MUSEUM.

I. VERTEBRATA.
List of Mammalia. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S. &e. 1843. 2s.6d.

Catalogue of the Mammalia. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S. &e.
Part 1. Cetacea. 12mo, 1850. 4s., with Plates.
Part 2. Seals. 12mo, 1850. 1s. 6d., with Woodcuts.
Part 3. Hoofed Quadrupeds. .° Section I. (Ungulata furci-
peda) 1852, with Plates of Genera, 12s.
This work contains the description of the genera and species,
and figures of the chief characters of the genera.

List of Mammalia and Birds of Nepaul, presented by B. H.
Hodgson, Esq., to the British Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray
and G. R. Gray. 1846. 2s.

List of Birds. By G. R. Gray, F.L.S. &c.
Part 1. Raptorial. Edition 1, 1844; edition 2, 1848. 3s.
Part 2. Passeres. Section I. Fissirostres. 1848. Qs.
Part 3. Gallinz, Gralle and Anseres. 1844, 2s. (Out of
Print.)
The other sections of the Passerine birds are in progress.
List of British Birds. By G. R. Gray, F.L.S. &. 1850. 4s.

List of the Eggs of British Birds. By G. R. Gray, F.LS. &e.
1852. 2s. 6d.

Catalogue of Reptiles. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., V.P.Z.S. &e.

Part 1. Tortoises, Crocodiles and Amphisbeenians. 1844. 1s.
Part 2. Lizards. 1845. 3s. 6d.
Part 3. Snakes (Crotalide, Viperide, Hydride and Boide).

1849. 2s. 6d.
Part 4, completing the Snakes (Colubridz), is in prepara-
tion.

Catalogue of Amphibia. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., V.P.Z.S.

Part 2. Batrachia Gradientia. 12mo, 1850. 2s. 6d. with
Plates of the Skull and Teeth.

7 - :
Catalogue of Fish. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., V.P.Z.S.
Part 1. Cartilaginous Fish. 12mo, 1851. 3s. With two
Plates.
Catalogue of Fish, collected and described by L. T. Gronow.
12mo. 1854. 3s. 6d.

These Catalogues of Reptiles, Amphibia, and Fish, contain
the characters of all the genera and species at present known ;
the latter are illustrated with figures of the genera.

List of British Fish ; with Synonyma. By A.Wuirte, F.L.S. &c.

1851. 3s.

List of Osteological Specimens. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S. &c.
and G. R. Gray, F.L.S. 1847. Qs.

II. ANNULOSA.
Catalogue of Lepidoptera. By G. R. Gray, F.L.S.
Part 1. Papilionidz, with coloured figures of the new spe-
cies. £1:5s. 4to, 1852.
List of Lepidopterous Insects. By E. Dousiepay, F.L.S.

Part 1. Papilionide, &e. 1844. 2s. 6d. (Out of Print.)
Part 2. Erycinide, &e. 1847. 9d.
Part 3. Appendix to Papilionide, Erycmide, &e. 1848. 9d.

List of Hymenopterous Insects. By F. Waker, F.L.S.
Part 1. Chalcidide. 1846. ls. 6d.
Part 2. Additions to Chaleidide. 1848. 2s.

Part 1. Lepidoptera Heterocera. 1854. 4s.
Part 2. Lepidoptera Heterocera. 1854. 4s.

Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects. By FREDERICK SMITH,
M.E.S.

Part 1. Andrenide, &e. 1853. 6s., with Plates.
Part 2. Apide. 1854. 6s.

Catalogue of Dipterous Insects. By F. WALKER, F.L.S.
Part 1. 1848. 3s. 6d. Part 4. 1849. 6s.

Part 2. 1849. 3s. 6d. Part 5. Supplement I. 1854. 4s. 6d.
Part 3. 1849. 3s. Part 6. Supplement IT. 1854. 3s.

Catalogue of Homopterous Insects. By F. WALKER, F.L.S.

Part 1. 1850. 3s. 6d. Part 4. 1852. 4s., with
Part 2. 1850. 5s. Plates.
Part 3. 1851. 3s. 6d.

Catalogue of Neuropterous Insects. By F. WAKER, F.L.S.
Part 1. 1852. 2s. 6d. Part 3. 1853. 1s. 6d.
Part 2. 1853. 3s. 6d. Part 4. 1853. Is.

The Catalogues of Hymenopterous, Dipterous, and Homopte-

rous Insects contain the description of the species in the Museum
which appeared to be undescribed.

(3

Catalogue of Hemipterous Insects. By W.S.Dauuas,F.L.S.&c.
With Plates, Part 1. 1851. 7s. Part 2. 1852. 4s.

The Catalogue of Hemiptera contains the description of the
new species in the Museum Collection, and figures of the more
interesting genera.

Nomenclature of Coleopterous Insects (with characters of new
species).

Part 1. Cetoniade. 1847. 1s. By A. Wutrs, F.L.S. &e.

Part 2. Hydrocanthari. 1847. 1s, 3d. By A. Wurre,
F.L.S.

Part 3. Buprestide. 1848. ls. By A. Wurre, F.L.S.

Part 4. Cleride. 1849. 1s.8d. By A. Wurrs, F.L.S.

Part 5. Cucujide. 1851. 6d. By F. Smrru, M.E.S.

Part 6. Passalide. 1852. 8d. By F. Smiru, M.E.S.

Part 7. Longicornia, with Plates, 1853. 2s. 6d. By A.
Waite, F.L.S.

List of Crustacea; with Synonyma. By A. Wurrsr. 1847. Qs.
List of Myriapoda. By G. Newport, F.R.S. &e. 1844. 4d.

List of British Lepidoptera; with Synonyma. By J. F. Sre-
PHENS, F.L.S. Part 1. 1850. 5s. Part 2. 1852. 2s. Part 3.
1853. 9d.

List of British Aculeate Hymenoptera; with Synonyma, and the
description of some new species. By F.Smrru. 1851. Qs.

List of British Anoplura, or Parasitic Insects ; with Synonyma.
By H. Denny. Is.

List of British Crustacea ; with Synonyma. By A. Wurtre, F.L.S.
1850. 2s. 6d.

Catalogue of Entozoa; with Plates. By W. Bairp, M.D.,
FeLAS:, 1853.) 2s:

Ill. MOLLUSCA.
Catalogue of the Mollusca in the Collection of the British
Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S. &e.

Part 1. Cephalopoda Antepedia. 1849. 4s.
Part 2. Pteropoda. 1850. 1s.
Part 3. Placuniadz and Anomiade. 1850. 4d.
Part 4. BrachiopodaAncylopoda; tiguresof genera. 1853. 3s.
Containing the characters of the recent and fossil genera, and
the descriptions of all the recent species at present known.

Catalogue of Phaneropneumona or Operculated Terrestrial Mol-
lusca. By Dr. Louis Preirrer. 1852. 5s.
Catalogus Concharum Bivalvium. By M. G. P. DesHayes.
Part 1. Veneride, &e. 1853. 3s.
List of British Mollusca and Shells; with Synonyma. By
Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S.
Part 1. Acephala and Brachiopoda. 1851. 3s. 6d.

a

CI)

List of the Shells of the Canaries, described by M. D’Orbigny.
1854. Is.

List of the Shells of Cuba, described by M. D’Orbigny. 1854. 1s.

List of the Shells of South America, described by M. D’Orbigny.
1854. 2s.

List of the Mollusca and Shells collected and described by
MM. Eydoux and Souleyet. 1855. 8d.

Nomenclature of Mollusca. By Dr. W. Barro, F.L.S. &e.
Part 1. Cyclophoride. 1851. 1s. 6d.

IV. RADIATA.

Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa. By G. Busk, F.R.S. &c., with
characters and figures of all the species.
Part 1. Chilostoma. 1852. 17s. With Plates.
Part 2. Chilostoma. 1854. 15s. With Plates.

List of British Radiata; with Synonyma. By Dr. J. E. Gray,
F.R.S. 1848. 4s.

List of British Sponges; with Synonyma. By Dr. J. E. Gray,
F.R.S. 1848. 10d.

V. BRITISH ZOOLOGY.

List of the British Animals; with Synonyma and references to
figures.

Part 1. Radiata. By Dr. J. E.Gray. 1848. 4s.

Part 2. Sponges. By Dr. J. E. Gray. 1848. 10d.

Part 3. Birds. By G. R.Gray. 1850. 4s.

Part 4. Crustacea. By A. WuHiTre. 1850. Qs. 6d.

Part 5. Lepidoptera. By J. F. SrepHens. 1850. 5s.

Part 6. Hymenoptera. By F. Smiru. 1851. Qs.

Part 7. Mollusca Acephala and Brachiopoda. By Dr. J. E.
Gray. 1851. 3s. 6d.

Part 8. Fish. By A. WuiTe. 1851. 3s.

Part 9. Eggs of British Birds. By G. R. Gray. 1852.
2s. 6d

Part 10. Lepidoptera (continued). By J. F. SrerHens.
1852. 2s.

Part 11. Anoplura or Parasitic Insects. By H. Denny. 1s.

Part 12. Lepidoptera (continued). By J. F. SrepHens.

1852.

Part 13. Nomenclature of Hymenoptera. By F. Smiru.
1853. 1s. 4d.

Part 14. Nomenclature of Neuroptera. By A. Wuire.
1853. 6d.

Part 15. Nomenclature of Diptera. (I.) 1853. 1s.
Part 16. Lepidoptera (completed). 1854. 3s.

: N.B.—These Catalogues can be obtained at the Secretary’s Office
in the British Museum; or through any Bookseller.

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