Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2008 with funding from Microsoft Corporation http://www. archive.org/details/catalogueoflizar01 brituoft Se =e ‘2 aT eat, ore - 7 — ee eee ———————— abt! bTiewyY\ ! — Rese’ . yea CATALOGUE OF THE LIZARDS IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). SECOND EDITION. BY GEORGE ALBERT BOULENGER. VOLUME I. GECKONIDA, EUBLEPHARIDA, UROPLATIDA, PYGOPODIDA, AGAMIDA. LONDON: PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. 1885. PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. us? * (aye 666 £469 PREFACE. Mowry No other order of Reptiles required so thorough an examination and rearrangement as that of Lizards. The descriptions of nearly two thirds of the species known at present were scattered over the wide range of the literature of the last forty years, and, in conse- quence, except to some very few zoologists, the exact determination of specimens of Lizards had become an impossible task, or, at least, one to which a great risk of failure was attached. By the student of physiogeography the absence of a critical general account of so important a type of Reptiles was still more seriously felt. The first edition of the ‘Catalogue of Lizards,’ published in the year 1845, was based on a collection containing only one eighth of the number of specimens at present in the Natural History Museum, and, therefore, had long ceased to fulfil its primary purpose, viz. to serve as a guide to the collection. Like all the other volumes of the new series of descriptive Catalogues of the Zoological Collections, the present work contains descriptions of, or references to, all the species introduced into the literature. It will consist of three volumes, and may be expected to be completed in 1886, the manuscript of the second volume being far advanced. ALBERT GUNTHER, Keeper of the Department of Zoology. British Museum, N. H., January 8, 1885. INTRODUCTION. Tus volume contains an account of all the species of Lizards belonging to the families Geckonide, Eublepharide, Uroplatida, Pygopodide, and Agamide, of which descriptions have been published. Over three fourths of the species described have been examined by myself. The following Table will show the great progress made in our knowledge of species since the publication of the last general works on the subject, viz. Duméril and Bibron’s ‘ Erpétologie Générale,’ vols. iii—v., 1836-1839, and Gray’s first edition of this Catalogue in 1845 :— Number of Species characterized Families. by Dum. & Bibr. by Gray. in present yolume*, Geckonide ..... ences 53 97 270 Eublepharide....:... — 1 7 Miron. 6.00 s 2 2 3 Pygopodide ........ 2 < 8 DED ATNNIE S56 9.4. 9-5: wins. 50 79 202 Total.. 107 186 490 A comparison of the numbers of species and specimens in the National Collection in 1845 and at the present date gives the following result :— * Only those species to which I have appended an ordinal number are included in this estimate, without those which are doubtful and merely referred to in footnotes or otherwise. vi INTRODUCTION, 1845. 1885. Species. Specimens, Species. Specimens. Geckonide. ...... 78 166 199 1773 Eublepharide .... 1 1 6 19 Uroplatide ...... 1 2 1 5) Pygopodide ...... ‘§ 20 ae; 93 agarmidse ........ 65 239 159 1265 Total.. 152 428 370 3155 * An outline of the classification followed in this work I have recently published in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. 1884, p. 117. I have given the principal measurements of most of the species, taken from the largest or most perfect specimen in the collection. The “length of the head” is measured to the occipital condyle, and the “length of the body” signifies the distance between the latter point and the anal cleft. The affixes to the names of donors &c., in the third column of the list of specimens, may be explained as follows :—‘[P.]” signifies “ Presented by ;” ‘[C.]”==* Collected by ;” “[E.]” =“ Obtained by exchange.” Where none of these signs are employed, the specimens were purchased. G. A. BOULENGER. British Museum, N. H., January 8, 1885. SYSTEMATIC INDEX. LACERTILIA. Subord. I. LACERTILIA VERA. xX Fam, 1. GeckonID». 1. Nephrurus, Gthr. ...... 1. asper, Githr. ..... 000. 2. Chondrodactylus, Pérs. .. 1. angulifer, Pirs. ...... 3. Rhyncheedura, Gthr...... ck, ornate, GEAP. siece a 4, Teratoscincus, Strauch .. 1. scineus, Schleg. '...... 5. Ceramodactylus, Blanf... Liidorie; Blanft ....43. 2. affinis, Murray ...... 6. Ptenopus, Gray ........ J. garrulus, Smith ...... 7. Stenodactylus, Fitz, .... 1. orientalis, Blanf....... x 2. guttatus, Cuv. ........ 3. wilkinsonii, Gray .. 4, petersii, Blgr. ........ 5. tripolitanus, Ptrs. .... 8. Alsophylax, Fitz. ...... x 1. pipiens, Pall. ........ 2. tuberculatus, Blanf. 9. Homonota, Gray ...... 1. darwinii, Blgr......... Ds WOM; BIG 3 6 esis en es 10. Gymnodactylus, Spir.... 1. pot Say THOM: 6's.0.»3 6 2. scaber, Riipp. ........ 3. brevipes, Blanf. ...... 4, kotschyi, Stdchr....... 5. kachhensis, Stol. ...... 6. heterocercus, Blanf. .. 7. elongatus, Blanf....... 8. fasciatus, D. § B. .... x 9. stoliczke, Stdchr. 10. lawderanus, Stol....... 11. dorbignyi, D. § B..... 12. mauritanicus, D. §. B. 13. trachyblepharus, Boettg. 14. steudneri, Ptrs. ...... 15. nebulosus, Bedd. ...... 16. jeyporensis, Bedd. .... 17, deccanensis, Gthr. .... o> Or Cobo Q Or Cobo coon . albofasciatus, Blgr . oldhami, Theob. ...... . triedrus, Gthr . arnouxii, A. Dum. .... 2. geckoides, Spixr ‘ prac CHES ates . cheverti, Bigr ( RERE OTO. akihes . frenatus, Gthr. . variegatus, Blyth . fasciolatus, Blyth . khasiensis, Jerd. ...... . marmoratus, Kuhl .... . rubidus, Blyth ........ . philippinicus, Stdchr. .. . pulchellus, Gray ...... . consobrinus, Pérs, MMI, BONY o 56,0 sec . platurus, White ...... eee eee eteronotus, Bigr. .... atropunctatus, Licht. .. tenuis, Balk, o 6 8 dies 11. Agamura, Blanf. E. 2. 12. Pristurus, Riipp . flavipunctatus, Riipp.. . . rupestris, Blanf. ...... . insignis, Blanf. . crucifer, Val. . collaris, Stdchr. . carteri, Gray 18. Gonatodes, Fitz . albogularis, D. § B. .. . vittatus, Licht . ocellatus, Gray . caudiscutatus, Gthr. eeeeree cruralis, Blanf. persica, A. Dum ee ee wee ae ee ee | ee eeee eeeeenee concinnatus, O’Sh. .... humeralis, Guich. .... gaudichaudii, D. & B. . timorensis, D. §& B..... . kendallii, Gray . indicus, Gray . wynadensis, Bedd. .... . sisparensis, Zheob. .... . ornatus, Bedd. ........ . marmoratus, Bedd..... . mysoriensis, Jerd, 6/688 6 Vili 15. kandianus, Kel. ...... 16. gracilis, Bedd......... 70 Ly. ots Sf eee 71 18. littoralis, Jerd. ...... 71 boiei, Gray .......... 72 australis, Gray ...... 72 ferrugineus, Cope 56 14, Allurosaurus, Blgr. .... 73 Sr Pla, GERI, 0:0 00 00.010 73 2. dorsalis, Pires. ...6.50. 74 3. ? brunneus, Cope..... et 15. Heteronota, Gray ...... 74 Le DMO; Gray. as vac ees 74 2. derbiana, Gray ...... 75 8. P eboracensis, Macleay. 76 16. Phyllodactylus, Gray.... 76 1. tuberculosus, Wiegm... 79 2. ventralis, O’Sh. ...... 80 Be PO, ESB cance sense 80 4, pulcher, Gray ........ 80 5. spatulatus, Cope ...... 81 6. galapagoensis, Pts. 82 7. nigrofasciatus, Cope 82 8. ineequalis, Cope ...... 3 9. microphyllus, Cope.... 84 10. phacophorus, T'sch..... 84 11. oviceps, Boetig. ...... 85 12, sancti-johannis, Gthr.., 86 13. ia, Boetig. . ..evs 86 14, porphyreus, Daud. .... 87 15. marmoratus, Gray .... 88 x16, macrodactylus, Blgr. .. 89 Bi GON BOM. naive sss 89 18. guentheri, Blgr. ...... 90 19, europwus, Gené ...... 90 Se DICCUS, OE. 5 vices ap 91 21. lineatus, Gray........, 92 22. ocellatus, Gray ...... 93 23. unctus, Cope ........ 94 24. riebeckii, Pirs......... 94 25. gerrhopygus, Wiegm... 95 androyensis, Grand. .. 76 17. Ebenavia, Boetty. ...... 96 1. inunguis, Boettg....... 96 2. boettgeri, Blgr. ...... 96 18. Diplodactylus, Gray .... 97 a. Ciliarig, Blgr. .s...0es 98 2. spinigerus, Gray ...... 99 8. strophurus, D. § B. .. 100 X4. vittatus, Gray........ 100 5. polyophthalmus, Gthr.. 101 6. steindachneri, Bigr. 102 7. pulcher, Stdehr. ...... 102 8. tessellatus, Gthi....... 103 annulatus, Macleay.... o err ty 104 19, Gédura, Gray SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Page x 1. marmorata, Gray...... 104 x 2, ocellets, BIG. ice .05.0 v9 105 x 8, robusta, Bigr. .....065 106 4. lesueurii, D. § B. .... 107 5. rhombifera, Gray...... 107 6. P verrillii, Cope........ 108 x20. Calodactylus, Bedd. 108 1. aureus, Bedd. ......+. 108 21. Ptyodactylus, Cuv....... 109 % 1. lobatus, Geoffr......... 110 2. homolepis, Blanf. .... 111 22, Thecadactylus, Cuv. .... 111 1. rapicaudus, Hoult. .... 111 2, australis, Gthr. ...... 112 23. Hemidactylus, Cuv. . 118 1, homeeolepis, Blanf..... 117 2. bouvieri, Bocourt...... 118 3. reticulatus, Bedd....... 118 4, gracilis, Blanf......... 119 x 5, frenatus, D. § B....... 320 6, mabouia, Mor......... 122 7, Muriceus, P's. v4 ccies 123 8. echinus, O’Sh. ........ 123 9. fasciatus, Gray........ 124 10, bocagii, Blgr. ....eeee 125 11. sinaitus, Blgr. iss. 126 X12; tarcious, L.. <..scs vests 126 18. brookii, Gray... 00. 128 x14, gleadovii, Murray .... 129 15. stellatus, Blgr......... 130 16, guineensis, Ptrs. ...... 131 17. persicus, And. ........ 131 18. maculatus, D. §& B..... 122 19. triedrus, Daud. ...... 133 20. subtriedrus, Jerd....... 134 21. depressus, Gray ...... 134 22. kushmorensis, Murray.. 135 23. leschenaultii, D. §& B... 136 x 24, cocteal, D. & Bo .ickiav 137 25. giganteus, Sfol......... 138 26, bowringii, Gray ...... 139 27. karenorum, Theob. .... 140 28. blanfordii, Blgr. ...... 141 29, peruvianus, Wiegm..... 141 x 30. garnotii, D. § B....... 141 31. richardsonii, Gray .... 148 x 32. platyurus, Schn. ...... 145 flaviviridis, Riipp. .... 118 angulatus, Hal. ...... 118 marmoratus, Hall. .... 118 mortoni, Zheob. ...... 113 sakalava, Grand. ...... 115 tolampye, Grand....... 118 tristis, Sarg. ........ 113 caudiverbera, Wagl..... 113 24. Teratolepis, Gthr. ...... 144 SYSTEMATIC INDEX. ix Page 1. fasciata, Blyth ........ 145 25. Phyllopezus, Pérs, ...... 145 1. goyazensis, Ptrs. ...... 145 26. Aristelliger, Cope ...... 146 : resignis, Hall........ 146 PCIOI a oe tess owt 147 27. “Gehore EERO tesa: os 3-5-0 147 x 1. mutilata, Wiegm....... 148 2. baliola, A. Dum....... 150 3. brevipalmata. Ptrs. .... 150 A, P neglecta, Gtr........, 150 5. insulensis, Gir......... 150 x 6. variegata, D. § B. .... 151 7. australis, Gray........ 152 x 8. oceanica, Less......... 152 OE VOLER, GU Salle ecces tye 153 papuensis, Macleay .... 147 ornata, Macleay ...... 147 longicauda, Macleay .. 147 dubia, Macleay........ 147 marmorata, Macleay .. 147 brevicaudis, Macleay .. 147 28. Perochirus, Blgr. ...... 154 1. ateles, A. Dum. ...... 154 2. guentheri, Blgr. ...... 155 3. depressus, Fisch. ...... 155 4, scutellatus, Fisch. .... 156 5. articulatus, Fisch. .... 156 29. Spathoscalabotes, Blgr... 156 1. mutilatus, Gthr. ...... 157 30. Microscalabotes, Bigr. 157 l.cowani, Blgr.. ec. Fs. 168 31. Lygodactylus, Gra « a6 1. sali Smith ee tad 160 2. madagascariensis, Boettg. 160 3. thomensis, Pérs. ...... 4, gutturalis, Bocage . 161 5. picturatus, Pérs. ...... 161 a | oar 158 hivittse, gO 159 hildebrandti, Pérs. . 159 32. Lepidodactylus, Fvtz..... 162 1. crepuscularis, Bavay .. 163 2. ceylonensis, Bigr....... 164 3. sinecntinnt, Bedd. .... 164 4, lugubris, D. § B....... 165 S. Jabialis, Pires. 2.0.6... 166 6, pulcher, Bigr, ........ 166 Li QOpTV. Dae. os... 166 8. andtke NOD 0.0 tos 29-0 167 9. cyclurus, Githr......... 167 10. sauvagii, Blgr......... 168 roseus, Cope .......... 162 33. Naultinus, Gray ........ 168 x 1. elegans, Gray ........ 168 MATUAIA, PUCK. ooo '0i5 09.8500 170 34, Hoplodactylus, Fitz. ..., 171 Page 1. maculatus, Gray ...... 171 2. duvaucelii, D. & B..... 172 x 8, pacificus, Gray........ 173 4, granulatus, Gray...... 174 5. anamallensis, Gthr..... 175 35. Rhacodactylus, Fitz. .... 176 1. leachianus, Cuv. ...... 176 2. aubryanus, Bocage .... 177 3. chahoua, Bavay ...... 177 4, trachyrhynchus, oe 178 5. auriculatus, Bocage .... 179 G. ciliatus, Guich......... 180 36. Luperosaurus, Gray 181 1. cumingii, Gray........ 181 87, Gecko; Loder: oss. Aesehe 182 x 1. verticillatus, Zaur. .... 188 2. stentor, Cant. ........ 184 3. vittatus, Houtt. ...... 185 x4, monarchus, D. § B. .. 187 5. japonicus, D. § B. .... 188 4 6, swinhonis, Gthr. ...... 189 7. subpalmatus, Gthr. .... 189 38. Ptychozoon, Kuhl ...... 189 x 1. homalocephalum, Crev.. 190 39. ee fe 191 1. wahlbergii, Smith 171 40. Geckolepis, Grand. ...... 192 1. maculata, Ptrs......... 192 2. typica, Grand... 2... 192 41. Eurydactylus, Sawg. .... 192 1, vieillardi, Bavay ...... 192 42, Ailuronyx, Fitz. ........ 193 1. seychellensis, D. & B... 193 2. trachygaster, A. Dum. . 194 43, Tarentola, Gray ........ 195 X1. mauritanica, Z. ...... 196 x 2. annularis, Geoffr....... 197 2a. senegalensis, Blgr..... 414 3. ephippiata, O'SA....... 198 4, delalandii, D. § B..... 199 5. gigas, Bocage ........ 200 americana, D. § B..... 195 cubsna,: Pere. icc es 195 clypeata, Gray........ 195 44. Pachydactylus, Wiegm. .. 200 1. bibronii, Smith........ 201 2. capensis, Smith........ 202 3. formosus, Smith ...... 203 4, rugosus, Smith ........ 204 5. oshaughnessyi, Blgr.... 204 6. ocellatus, Cw. ........ 205 7. punctatus, Ptrs. ...... 206 8. maculatus, Gray ...... 206 9. mentomarginatus, Smith 207 10, mariquensis, Smith .... 207 nyt ie es (|| Sa ee 200 45, Colopus, Pirs. .......... 208 b SYSTEMATIC INDEX. x 1. wablbersii, Pére. ...... 908 a 46, Dactychilikion, Thomin. . . 209 1 ens pe aeR 1. braconnieri, Thomin. .. 209 | x 4 ae wi WO eg rip 47. Phelsuma, Gray ........ 209 | 9G speed Ha ge ERs ry i “esreconeg Meir, .... 211 ie daeresaet ity _ S elinantuin; Gray ’ 519 : jes ine be Pith Sean 242 Di aciimsaente, Bu... 312 | 9 3 ihinoage: is, Gthr. ... 605 242 4, newtonii, Blgr......... 212 *s Baad ee ct 5. guentheri, Blgr. ...... 213 min Shy ane ES or 6, madagascariense, Gray . 214 | 4 Plethole sea Wie a _ _ dubius, Boettg......... 215 rts sea tyaee oa oe ae 7. laticauda, Boettg....... S161 ke liege Bae nl eo a A Maine Oeey sos, 216 G prasia, Gray ........6. 245 48, Rhoptropus, Pérs. ...... 217 | 6 ae OO aes ae Sc alae, Pivec 6 cin ycd ca Se ieee eran tty MOET _ We MilescAactyius, Wagl .. 217 x 1. burtonii, Gray ........ 247 i darcy Sparrm, .. 219 ‘2. elegans, R.G DL. ...... 220 * Fam. 5. AGaMID#. 8, punctatissimus, D. § B. 220 | 1. Draco, L. 253 4 2a ape eka Gray .. 220 x1. volans, Da ak eens O56 . glaucus, Cope ........ 221 2. reti heh ists 25 6. Fineolatus, Tieht. Aeris 221 3. pam te mete 367 7. casicolus, Cope........ 222 4, everetti Rote. re tak 558 8. alopex, Cope.......... 222 5. cornutus, Gthr. ...... 258 +4 ripen Gosse .... 222 6. ornatus, ‘Gray Ss, Sete 259 . argus, Giosse .......... 22 . spi Rise e r 11. fantasticus, D. & B. 998 g sr hg i Saha 361 12, microlepis, R. § L..... 224 9. timorensis Kuhl ied 361 13. copii, Stdchr, ........ 295 | 10. maculatus, Gray ...... 363 14, anthracinus, Cope 225 11. bimaculatus GU ees 383 _ 16. macrolepis, Gthr....... 226 12. lineatus, Daud aaeue 264 16. notatus, Baird ........ 226 13. beccarii, Ptrs & Doria . "84 17. gilvitorques, Cope...... 227 14. spilonotus Gthr fas 265 18. richardsonii, Gray .... 227 15. fimbriatus, Kuhl ...... 2 Phyria, Gray ...... 0.0... 298 | 16, cristatellus, Gthr. .... 906 unctulata, Gray...... 228 17. hematopogon, Gr 267 Gecko newtonii, Gthr. .... 228 | 18. blanfordi, Blo... 267 Fam. 2, EUBLEPHARID™. = : pahistane ae Eee alcdsetylus, Gray ..+.899 | 21. quinquofaar ee GR 1. caudicinctus, A. Dum. . 230 3. Situna paginas vate 770 2. Eublepharis, Gray ...... 230 J, ponticeriana. “Cun. ri 0 ], hardwickii, Gray...... SBI |“, Gtoceyptia, Wregmeiccca ae x 2. paca Blyth 232 +5 hiv; tate, Wieym siege ot OWE AMOI Ss cries sos 233 2. il x 3 "hea gs ard are 233 | 4. Pecolsinah Me ey, 8 . fasciatus, eae rice fs 234 is, Pires.“ chatuiee 7 8. Coleonyx, ates rere ey 234 | 5. a Sheciati Pir a5 (aes rd 1, elegans, Gray ........ 235 1. fusca, Pirs, : sabe rd ants Tisohtitin. 6. paren cs Gthr iscsi 3 274 1, Uroplates, Gray ........ 236 | 7 Gophotis" Pir mate ih fimbriatus, Schn. .. 237 ] pombe Per cl ema nti 2: lineatus, D. &§ Berwisc-< 238 2. sumat ae Hub Rey S ; 3, ebenaui, Boetig. ...... 238 | 8. Cerato hake Cae ; 977 8. 5 Greg vist Pregvemne, Bee sAvieks 200 * 1. stoddartii, Gray ...... 277 SYSTHMATIC INDEX. 2. tennentii, Gthr. ...... 278 3. aspera, Gthr. .....06: 278 9. Harpesaurus, Bly. ...... 279 1. tricinctus, A. Dum..... 279 10. Phoxophrys, Hubr....... 280 1. tuberculata, Hubr. .... 280 11. Lyriocephalus, Merr. .... 281 Bi MOURA, Es. le its, Fs 0 281 12. Gonyocephalus, Kaup .... 2&2 GO 2 Sa 284 2. chameleontinus, Laur. . 285 3. kuhlii, Schleg. ........ 286 4, sumatranus, Schleg..... 286 5. liogaster, Gthr. 1... 286 6. miotympanum, Gthr. .. 287 7. borneensis, Schleg. .... 288 Se belts, Dy OB. 2.23..... 288 9. sophie, Gray ........ 288 10. semperi, Ptrs. ........ 289 11. interruptus, Blgr. 290 12. dilophus, D.§ B. .... 290 13. tuberculatus, Gthr..... 291 14. spinipes, A. Dum. .... 292 *15. subcristatus, Blyth .... 292 38. rami, Btobe veces 293 17. modestus, Meyer ...... 294 18. geelvinkianus, Ptrs. & LIOPTMS Si ms CaS. 5h 294 19. auritus, Meyer ........ 295 20. bruijnii, Ptrs. § Doria . 295 21. binotatus, Meyer ...... 295 22. godettroyl, Pérs. ...... 295 nigrigularis, Meyer .... 296 23. papuensis, Macleay .... 297 24. boydii, Macleay ...... 297 25. grandis, Gray ........ 298 13. Acanthosaura, Gray .... 299 rd. captay GEAr. ovusccess. 800 2. armata, Gray . 2.0.00. 801 3. crucigera, Blgr. ...... 302 4, lamnidentata, Blgr..... 802 5. coronata, Gthr......... 303 GO: minor, Gray «0.56. 6604 304 7. kakhienensis, And. .... 805 8. major, Jerd. .......... 806 9. tricarinata, Blyth...... 306 14. Japalura, Gray ........ 307 x1. variegata, Gray ...... 808 2. swinhonis, Gthr....... 809 3. polygonata, Hall....... 310 4, yunnanensis, And, .... 310 5. planidorsata, Jerd. .... 311 6. nigrilabris, Ptvs, ...... 811 Bes BMC, GPU a. opie 312 1. horsfieldii, Gray ...... 312 2. anamallayana, Bedd. 513 16. Calotes, Cur. .......05. 314 *]. cristatellus, Kuhl 316 2. celebensis, Gray ...... 318 3. marmoratus, Gray .... 318 4. jubatus, D. § B. ...... 318 5. smaragdinus, Gthr..... 319 6. tympanistriga, Gray 320 x 7, versicolor, Daud....... 821 8. maria, Gray.......... 322 9. jerdonii, Gthr......... 523 x10. emma, Gray.......... 324 A 11. mystaceus, D. § B..... 825 12. grandisquamis, Gthr. .. 825 13. nemoricola, Jerd....... 326 14. liolepis, Blgr. ........ 326 15, ophiomachus, Mer. 327 16, nigrilabris, Ptrs. ...... 828 17. liocephalus, Gthr. 329 1S. 2ouxty DS Boing 58 330 19. elliotti, Gthr. ......... 330 gularis, Blyth ........ 314 17. Chelosania, Gray ...... 331 1. brunnea, Gray........ 331 18. Charasia, Gray ........ 332 1. dorsalis, Gray ........ 832 2. blanfordiana, Stol. .... 338 x 3. ornata, Blyth ........ 334 19; Agama, Daud, 90°. estenir 334 1. mutabilis, Merv. ...... 838 2. sinaita, Heyd. .... 0.0. 339 3. hartmanni, Ptrs. ...... 340 4, tournevillii, Zataste.... 340. 6. agilis, OD, - 66 oi ewes 341 6. isolepis, Blgr. ........ 342 7. sanguinolenta, Pall..... 343 8. latastii, Blgr. ........ 344 9. inermis, Rewss......... 344 10. persica, Blanf......... 345 iI, jscadataitis, Reuss..... 346 12. rubrigularis, Blanf..... 346 13. megalonyx, Gthr. 347 x14, ruderata, Oliv. ........ 348 *15. pallida, Reuss ........ 348 Dec MIBDIOR, Die. weds eis Pare ee 349 17. brachyura, Blgr. ...... 350 18, aculeata, Merr......... 351 BOD OPM TIER | ok oc we as 352 20. atra, Dawud. .......... 352 21. mossambica, Ptrs. 353 Mee MEBs OT cv cea heats 354 23. spinosa, Gray ........ 855 24, rueppellii, Vail. ...... 855 25. colonorum, Daud. 356 26. bibronii, 4. Dum. .... 357 27. planiceps, Pirs......... 368 28. atricollis, Smith ...... 358 SYSTEMATIC INDEX. xii Page 29, cyanogaster, Riipp..... 359 30. annectens, Blanf..:.... 360 31. stoliczkana, Blanf. .... 360 82. tuberculata, Gray . 861 33. dayana, Stol........... 362 34. himalayana, Stdchr..... 362 35. agrorensis, Stol. ...... 363 36. melanura, Blyth ...... 363 3/. lirata, Blanf.....5...3. 364 38. nupta, De Fil. ........ 365 39. microlepis, Blanf....... 366 x40. caucasica, Hichw....... 367 a LEE OS ae 368 20. Phrynocephalus, Kaup 369 Lvoliviert, D. GB. ...... 370 2. helioscopus, Pall....... 371 3. vlangalii, Strauch 372 4. theobaldi, Blyth ...... 373 5. versicolor, Strauch’.... 374 6. frontalis, Strauch...... 375 7. caudivolvulus, Pall..... 375 8. przewalskii, Strauch 377 9. affinis, Strauch ...... 377 10. maculatus, And. ...... 377 11. axillaris, Blanf. ...... 378 12. interscapularis, Licht... 378 13. mystaceus, Pall. ...... 379 varius, Hichw. ........ 369 melanurus, Eichw. 369 nigricans, Eichw....... 369 21. Amphibolurus, Wagl. .... 380 1. maculatus, Gray ...... 381 2. imbricatus, Ptrs. ...... 382 3. ornatus, Gray ........ 382 4, cristatus, Gray........ 383 5. caudicinctus, Gthr..... 384 6. decresii, D.§& B. ...... 385 0 DISCUS, FOP so lecie's J 385 x 8. reticulatus, Gray...... 886 9. adelaidensis, Gray .... 387 10. pulcherrimus,.Bigr..... 383 11. pallidus, Blgr. .....,.. 388 12. angulifer, Gray x13. muricatus, White..... x14. barbatus, Cuv. ....... jugularis, Macleay .... 22. Tympanocryptis, Pers. ceeee 1. lineata, Pérs....2.... i 2. cephalus, Gthr. 23. Diporophora, Gray...... X 1. bilineata, Gray........ x 24. 25. x 1. kingii, Gray 26. Lophura, Gray 2. australis, Stdchr....... 3. bennettii, Gray Physignathus, Cuv....... . gilberti, Gray ........ . longirostris, Blgr....... . temporalis, Gthr....... . maculilabris, Blgr. .... . lesueurii, Gray........ . cochinchinensis, Cuv. .. . mentager, Gthr. ...... lateralis, Macleay ...... Chlamydosaurus, Gray .. eee eee SI OD Or Co DD eee ewes 1. amboinensis, Schloss, .. 27.. Liolepis, Cuv. .....2.5. x 1. bellii, Gray ee 28. Uromastix, Merr........ wx x > OU G9 bo 29. Aporoscelis, Blgr. . Moloch, Gray . ornatus, Riipp......... . acanthinurus, Bell .... . Spinipes, Daud......... . microlepis, Blanf. .... hardwickii, Gray...... . asmussii, Strauch...... 7. loricatus, Blanf. +e eee 1. princeps, O'Sh......... 2. batilliferus, Vall. 30 V1. horridus, Gray........ Oreodeira, Gir........... gracilipes, Gir. ....... CATALOGUE OF LIZARDS. Order LACERTILIA. ‘‘Quadrate bone articulated to the skull; parts of the ali- and orbito-sphenoid regions fibro-cartilaginous; rami of the mandible united by suture; temporal region without or with only one hori- zontal bar. Anal cleft transverse. Copulatory organs present, paired.” —Giinther, Phil. Trans. clviii. 1867, p. 625. Suborder I. LACERTILIA VERA. Nasal bones entering the border of the nasal apertures; pterygoid in contact with quadrate. Clavicle present whenever the limbs are developed. Tongue flattened. A, Tongue smooth, or with villose papille ; clavicle dilated, loop- shaped proximally; no postorbital or postfronto-squamosal arches, Fam. 1. Geckonidw. Vertebre amphiccelian; parietal bones di- stinct. Fam. 2. Eublepharidz. Vertebre proccelian ; parietal single. B. Tongue smooth or with villose papille; clavicle not dilated proximally. Fam. 3: Uroplatide. Vertebre amphiccelian ; interclavicle minute; no postorbital or postfronto-squamosal arches. Fam. 4. Pygopodids. No postorbital or postfronto-squamosal arches ; pre- and postfrontal bones in contact, separating the frontal from the orbit. B 2 ; “LACERTILIA. Fam. 5. Agamidz. Postorbital and postfronto-squamosal arches present; supratemporal fossa not roofed over by bone; | tongue thick; acrodont. Fam. 6. Iguanide. Postorbital and postfronto-squamosal arches present: supratemporal fossa not roofed over by bone; tongue thick; pleurodont. Fam. 7. Xenosauridz. Postorbital and postfronto-squamosal arches present ; supratemporal fossa not roofed over ; anterior por- tion of tongue retractile. Fam. 8. Zonuridg. Postorbital and postfronto-squamosal arches complete; supratemporal fossa roofed over; tongue simple. Fam. 9. Anguids. Postorbital and postfronto-squamosal arches present ; supratemporal fossa roofed over; body with osteo- dermal plates, each provided with a system of irregularly arranged arborescent or radiating tubules; anterior portion of tongue retractile. Fam. 10. Aniellidz. No interorbital septum, no columella cranii, no arches. Fam. 11. Helodermatide. Postorbital arch present, postfronto- squamosal arch absent; pre- and postfrontals in contact, separating the frontal from the orbit. Fam. 12. Varanide. Postorbital arch incomplete; postfronto- squamosal arch present; supratemporal fossa not roofed over; nasal bone single; tongue deeply bifid, sheathed posteriorly. ; C. Tongue covered with imbricate scale-like papille or with oblique plice; clavicle dilated proximally, frequently loop- shaped. Fam. 13. Xantusiide. Parietals distinct; postorbital and post- fronto-squamosal arches present ; supratemporal fossa roofed over. Fam. 14. Teiide. Postorbital and postfronto-squamosal arches present; supratemporal fossa not roofed over; no osteo- dermal plates. Fam, 15. Amphisbenide. No interorbital septum; no columella cranii; no arches; premaxillary single. Fam. 16. Lacertide. Arches present; supratemporal fossa roofed over; premaxillary single; no osteodermal plates on the body. Fam. 17. Gerrhosauride. Arches present; supratemporal fossa roofed over; premaxillary single; body with osteodermal plates, each provided with a regular system of tubules (a ; transverse one anastomosing with longitudinal ones), GECKONID &.. Sr at: Fam. 18. Scincide, Arches present; premaxillary double; body with osteodermal plates as in the preceding. Fam.19. Anelytropide. Premaxillary single; no arches; no osteodermal plates. Fam. 20. Dibamide. Premaxillary double; no interorbital sep- tum; no columella cranii; no arches; no osteodermal plates. Suborder II. RHIPTOGLOSSA. Nasal bones not bounding nasal apertures; pterygoid not reach- ing quadrate. Clavicle absent, limbs well developed. Tongue vermiform, projectile. Fam. 2). Chamzleontida. Suborder I. LACERTILIA VERA. Leptoglossi, Pachyglossi, Annulati, Wiegmann, Herp. Mex. 1834. Cyclosaura, Geissosaura, Nyctisaura, Strobilosaura, Gray, Cat. Liz. 1845. Amphisbenia, Gray, Cat. Tort., Croc., Amph. 1842. Amphisbeenoidea, Kionocrania, Stannius, Zoot. Amph. 1856. Acrodonta Pachyglossa, Nyctisaura, Pleurodonta, Ophiosauri, Cope, Proce. Acad. Philad. 1864. Amphisbenoidea, Cionocrania, Nyctisaura, Giinther, Phil. Trans. elviii. 1867. Pachyglossa, Nyctisaura, Pleurodonta, Ophiosauri, Cope, Proc. Amer. Assoc, Adv. Se. xix. 1871. Lacertilia vera, Boulenger, Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (5) xiv. 1884. Fam. I. GECKONIDA. Geckotiens, part., Cuvier, Regne Anim. ii. 1817. Ascalabote, part., Merrem, Tent. Syst. Amph. 1820. Geckotide, part., Gray, Ann. Phil. (2) x. 1825. Ascalabotoidea, part., Fitzinger, Neue Classif. Rept. 1826. Platyglosse, part., Wagler, Syst. Amph. 1830. Ascalabote, part., Wiegmann, Herp. Mex. 1834. Geckotiens ou Ascalabotes, part., Duméril § Bibron, Erp. Gén. iii. 1836. : Ascalabote, part., Fitzinger, Syst. Rept. 1843. Geckotide, part., Gray, Cat, Liz, 1845, Gecconide, part., Cope, Proc. Am. Assoc, Adv. Sc. xix. 1871. Geckonide, Boulenger, Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (5) xiv. 1884. The skull is generally much depressed, and its bones are thin. The nasals remain distinct; the frontal is either single or with distinct suture ; the jugal is rudimentary, the orbit not being bound ! B2 4 GECKONID. posteriorly by a bony arch; the postfronto-squamosal arch is like- wise absent; the pterygoids are widely separated and devoid of teeth; a columella cranii is present. The mandible contains only five bones, the angular and articular having coalesced; the dentition’ belongs to the pleurodont type; the teeth are small, numerous, closely set, with long, slender, cylindrical shaft and obtuse point ; the new teeth hollow out the base of the old ones. Only in a few instances does the derm of the head coalesce with the skull, and a supraorbital bone is present only in a few species of Turentola. Both pairs of limbs are constantly well developed and pentadactyle. The clavicle is dilated, and perforated proximally; and the inter- clavicle is subrhomboidal or of a shape intermediate between that and the cruciform. The vertebra are biconcave ; the ribs are long, and su _prolonged as to form more or less ossified hoops across the whole of the abdominal region, The digits vary considerably, and afford excellent characters for systematic arrangement. Some Geckos (living in barren regions) have the digits similar to those of many Agamoids, 7. ¢. they are subcylindrical or feebly depressed, and frequently keeled inferiorly or denticulated laterally ; other forms with non-dilated digits have them angularly bent at the articulations and provided with strong claws; but the greater number have the whole or part of the digits dilated into adhesive organs with symmetrical plates or lamellz in- feriorly, the arrangement of which varies considerably. Then also the claw may be retractile, either between some of the lamelle or into a special sheath. Membranes may unite the digits, but the web serves only for the purpose of obtaining a greater adhesive surface, and never for swimming, none of the Geckos entering the water. The body is generally more or less depressed, and may be bordered by cutaneous expansions, the object of which appears to be, in most cases, the same as that of the interdigital membrane; but in the curious genus Ptychozoon, in which the lateral membranes attain the greatest development, they act as a parachute. The tail presents almost every possible shape, from the leaf-like tail of Gymnodac- tylus platurus and the grotesque rudimentary tail of Nephrwrus to the slender rat-like tail of Ayamura and the compressed crested tail of Pristurus. This organ is, except in Agamura, extremely fragile and rapidly reproduced, in which case, however, it generally assumes an abnormal shape and lepidosis. In some forms the tail proves to be prehensile, a faculty which is possessed by few Lizards other than the Chameleons; and I am induced to believe that a careful examination of the Geckos, when alive, will show this character to be not unfrequent. The eye is generally large and-with vertical pupil, which, when strongly contracted, is frequently denticulated or assumes the shape of two superposed rhombs ; some diurnal forms have the eye smaller and the pupil circular. The eye is exposed, as in Snakes, covered by a transparent lid under which it moves freely, the valvular lids being rudimentary; in Zlurosaurus, however, there are connivent GECKONIDZ. 5 movable lids, and in Ptenopus the upper lid is sufficiently developed to cover the eye nearly completely. The tympanum is more or less exposed, except in Teratolepis, in which genus it appears to be completely concealed under the seales. The tongue is fleshy, moderately elongate, very feebly in- cised anteriorly, and capable of protrusion out of the mouth. The teguments are nearly always’ soft, and consist generally of . granules or tubercles on the dorsal surface, of small imbricated cycloid or hexagonal scales on the ventral surface. Some Geckos are entirely covered with scales of the latter description, which attain their highest development in Teratoscincus, Teratolepis, and Geckolepis. The habits of the Geckos are highly interesting and deserve special attention, as but few observations have been made on them. Some inhabit arid regions, sometimes burrowing in the sand; others are arboreal, living on shrubs or in woods, concealing themselves under stones or under the bark of trees during the daytime ; others live on rocks ; others have become the commensals of man, and they again may be divided into two groups—those living inside, those living out- side houses. Most are nocturnal, but some are diurnal. Col. Tytler, in a very interesting paper on the habits of Geckos*, observes that “although several species of Geckos may inhabit the same locality, yet, as a general rule, they keep separate and aloof from each other ; for instance, in a house the dark cellars may be the resort of one species, the roof of another, and crevices in the walls may be exclusively occupied by a third species. However, at night they issue forth in quest of insects, and may be found mixed up together in the same spot; but on the slightest disturbance, or when they have done feeding, they return hurriedly to their particular hiding- places.” Many Geckos utter sounds, probably produced chiefly by a move- ment of the tongue against the palate, and in which yecko, chucko, tockee, or something similar, is distinctly audible. A. Smith says that a South-African Sand-Gecko (Ptenopus garrulus) utters during the day a sharp sound somewhat like chick, chick ; and he adds that the number thus occupied is at times so great, and the noise so dis- agreeable, as to cause the traveller to change his quarters. The eggs are round and witha hard shell. Ovoviviparism has not been observed in this family. Males are generally distinguished from females by a larger size, the swelling of the base of the tail, and the presence of femoral or preeanal pores, which are constantly absent in the latter. The Geckonide are represented in the hotter parts of all the regions of the world. They are most numerous in the Indian and Australian regions. * Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxxiii. 1864, pp. 535-548. _ ae ; GECKONID&. Synopsis of the Genera. I. Digits short, cylindrical, the skin swollen on the palmar surface and under the articulations. Digits clawed; tail extremely short, terminating in a globular knob. 1. Nephrurus, p. 9. MMTOWE SS SS aid Ce ha neat fis. 2. Chondrodactylus, p. 10. II. Digits straight, not dilated, clawed, without pads. Digits granular inferiorly, not fringed laterally ; rostral and mental plates projecting, nail-like ...... 3. Rhynchedura, p. 11. Digits granular inferiorly, strongly fringed laterally ; dorsal stales barge, Imbrichte. 4... cee 4. Teratoscincus, p. 12. Digits covered inferiorly with small imbricate pointed scales; dorsal DUDS RUIELL 4 adic c oc daw beens as 5. Ceramodactylus, p. 13. Digits inferiorly with a series of narrow transverse plates; toes strongly fringed laterally ; fingers not fringed. 6. Ptenopus, p. 15. Digits inferiorly with a series of narrow transverse plates, fringed or denticulated laterally ........ 7. Stenodactylus, p. 16. Digits inferiorly with a series of narrow transverse plates, not fringed nor denticulated laterally; dorsal scales juxtaposed ; male with a series of preanal pores. 8. Alsophylax, p. 19. Digits inferiorly with a series of narrow transverse plates, not fringed nor denticulated laterally ; dorsal scales imbricate; no BEANAL POLEB 6 ois os ss ane os sipe » 9. Homonota, p. 21. III. Digits not or but slightly dilated at the base, the two or three distal joints more or less compressed and angularly bent, inferiorly with a series of transverse plates; all the digits clawed. A. Claw between two scales, a smaller superior and a large latero-inferior. Pupil vertical ; tail fragile ........ 10. Gymnodactylus, p. 22. Pupil vertical ; tail very slender, not fragile. 11. Agamura, p. 50. Pupil round; body not depressed ; tail compressed. 12. Pristurus, p. 52. Pupil round; body more or less depressed ; tail not compressed. 13. Gonatodes, p. 56. GECKONIDZ. 7 B. Claw between three scales, a smaller superior and two large latero-inferior. Upper and lower eyelids well developed, connivent; ungual scales forming a large compressed sheath. 14. Alurosaurus, p. 73. No compressed ungual sheath...... 15. Heteronota, p. 74. IV. Digits dilated at the apex, which is furnished inferiorly with two plates separated by a longitudinal groove. Digits not dilated at the base, clawed, the distal expansion covered above with scales strongly differentiated from those of the basal MPN celal as gone FG Race 16. Phyllodactylus, p. 76. DE ANUERN Ee hsp bexke ink wi Seniesa oe 2 17. Ebenavia, p. 96. Digits not dilated at the base, clawed, the distal expansion covered above with small tubercular scales similar to those on the basal MON Lerice watalss. 94 below as sake ees 18. Diplodactylus, p. 97. _ Digits dilated at the base, the basal expansion anteriorly with paired oblique lamelle.......... 19. Gédura, p. 104. The penultimate joint with an expansion bearing two plates exactly similar to the distal............ 20. Calodactylus, p- 108. V. Digits dilated at the apex, which is furnished inferiorly with two diverging series of lamelle; digits clawed, the claw sessile and retractile in the anterior notch of the distal expansion ........ 21. Ptyodactylus, p. 109. VI. Digits entirely dilated, with a double series of lamella inferiorly, clawed, the claw sessile and retractile in the median groove.......... 22. Thecadactylus, p. 111. VIL. Digits dilated, the distal phalanges compressed. A. The distal joint long, free, rising from within the ex- tremity of the digital expansion. Infradigital plates in a double series ; inner digit with compressed clawed phalanx; dorsal lepidosis composed of small scales or RMON CUS 5G, O50 brid aie ica OAR. a yale 23. Hemidactylus, p. 113. Infradigital plates double; dorsal scales large, imbricate. 24. Teratolepis, p. 144. Infradigital plates in a simple series; inner digit with i clawed phalanx, similar to the other digits. 25. Phyllopezus, p. 145. Infradigital plates in a simple series; inner digit clawed, the claw retractile laterally, inferiorly with a circular plate. 26. Aristelliger, p. 146. Infradigital plates in a simple or double series; inner digit clawless, 27. Gehyra, p. 147. / 8 GECKONIDZ. Infradigital plates in a simple series; inner digit rudimentary, of fore limb clawless, of hind limb clawed. 28. Perochirus, p. 154. B. The free distal joint at the extremity of the digital expan- sion; a double series of infradigital lamelle. Pupil vertical ; digits narrow at the base, the dilatation strong and discoid, the distal joint long and slender; inner digit rudimental. 29. Spathoscalabotes, p. 156. Pupil round ; eyelid distinct all round the eye; digits narrow at the base, the dilatation strong and discoid, the distal joint free; inner digit rudimental, with strong, very distinct claw. 30. Microscalabotes, p. 157. Pupil round; eyelid distinct all round the eye; digits narrow at the base, the dilatation strong and discoid, the distal joint strongly curved, the claw retractile between the anterior lamelle; inner digit rudimental, with very small, frequently indistinct claw. 31. Lygodactylus, p. 158. Pupil vertical ; distal joint of digits short ; thumb clawless. - 32. Lepidodactylus, p. 162. C. The free distal joint at the extremity of the digital expan- sion ; a single series of infradigital lamelle. 1. The distal joint long. Digits narrowing gradually towards the end, the narrower portion not forming an angle with the dilated basal part; eyelid distinct all round the eye.............. 33. Naultinus, p. 168. The slender distal portion of the digit forming an angle with the dilated basal portion .......... 34, Hoplodactylus, p. 171. 2. The distal joint very short. ‘Digits more or less webbed, inner clawed. 35. Rhacodactylus, p. 176. Digits half-webbed, inner clawless.. 36. Luperosaurus, p. 181, Digits free or slightly webbed, inner clawless. 37. Gecko, p. 182. Digits entirely webbed, inner clawless. 38. Ptychozoon, p. 189. VIII. Digits entirely dilated, clawed, without compressed un- gual phalanx, inferiorly with a single series of lamelle. Body covered with small imbricate scales. 39. Homopholis, p. 191. Body covered with large imbricate scales. 40. Geckolepis, p. 192. 1, NEPHRURUS. ¥* Body covered above with large juxtaposed scales, largest and sub- symmetrical on the head........ 41. Eurydactylus, p. 192. Body covered above with granular scales; the claws of the three inner digits turned inwards, those of the two outer turned out- Me ai diore'w bp a a wale piece 6 42. Mluronyx, p. 193. LX. Digits dilated, only the third and fourth clawed. 43. Tarentola, p. 194. X. Digits (the fingers at any rate) more or less dilated, clawless. Pupil vertical; tips of toes dilated, with simple transverse lamella MRELVMELY fog Sted slo's ve ade Ho Aa 44, Pachydactylus, p. 200. Pupil vertical ; tips of toes rather narrowed, with only two small lamella inferiorly ............ 45. Colopus, p. 208. Digits dilated at the apex only, inferiorly with transverse lamelle furnished on their hinder edge with fine fringes. 46. Dactychilikion, p. 209. Pupil circular ; eyelid distinct all round the eye. 47. Phelsuma, p. 209. XI. Digits dilated at the apex only, with very small sheathed claw, the sheath opening laterally. Digital expansion with transverse lamelle inferiorly, 48. Rhoptropus, p. 217. Digital expansion with a circular plate inferiorly. 49. Spherodactylus, p. 217. 1. NEPHRURUS. Nephrurus, Giinth. Journ. Mus. Godeffr. xii. 1876, p. 46 Digits short, cylindrical, clawed, outer opposed to inner, in- feriorly with uniform small spinose tubercles; the extremity of the digits with verticils of keeled scales; the skin swollen on the palmar surface and under the articulations of the digits, simulating pads. Derm of head completely involved in cranial ossification. Body covered with spinose tubercles. Tail extremely short and small, terminating in a globular knob. Pupil vertical. No pre- anal nor femoral pores. Australia. 1. Nephrurus asper. (Praru I.) Nephrurus asper, Giinth. 1. ¢. Head large, subtriangular, not much depressed, very distinct from neck; snout a little longer than the diameter of the orbit, a little shorter than the distance between the latter and the ear- 10 GECKONIDZ. opening; eye very large; nostril rather large, transversely ellip- tical, directed backwards; lorea] region and forehead concave ; ear- opening a long vertical slit, measuring three fifths the diameter of the orbit, with the tympanum deeply sunk. Body short, not much depressed. Limbs long, slender. Head above with irregular small rough tubercles confluent with the cranial ossification, intermixed with conical ones on the temples and upper eyelids, larger and keeled on the internasal region and in front of the orbit, smallest in the frenal and frontal concavities; a series of larger tubercles bordering the orbit superiorly. Rostral broad and very low; no nasals, the nostril being surrounded by minute granules and widely separated from the rostral and labial plates; latter small, twelve © upper and thirteen lower ; mental like the rostral, but narrower ; no chin-shields. Body and limbs finely granular, above and on the ‘sides with round groups of conical spinose tubercles, the one in the centre being the largest; gular region similarly tuberculate, but the spinose tubercles smaller; the granules round the mandible larger than the others and keeled. The extremely small tail is swollen in its proximal, and thin and tapering in its distal half, and scaled like the body; the globular knob terminating it covered with small keeled granules; this knob is emarginate inferiorly in front, being thus kidney-shaped. Brownish above, with many of the tubercles white ; faint indications of whitish transverse lines on the back ; head with a wide-meshed network of blackish lines, simu- lating symmetrical plates ; lower parts whitish. Total length .......... 114 millim. ET Rage de Oe oy ae Width of head ........ ae Ao Eee ree arte GS! oss Rr cs ee en a 43 ,, PEGG MID 2 ix a ies o ns 48 ,, a atl Soa RW eer Se 7 ae Eastern Australia. a 3. Peak Downs. Museum Godefroy. (Type.) 2. CHONDRODACTYLUS. Chondrodactylus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1870, p. 110. Digits very short, cylindrical, clawless, with obtuse tips bent downwards, inferiorly with uniform minute spinose granules; the skin swollen on the palmar surface and under the articulations of the digits, simulating pads. Body covered above with flat granules intermixed with larger tubercles, below with imbricate scales. Pupil vertical. No prwanal nor femoral pores. South Africa. 2. CHONDRODACTYLUS.—3. RHYNCHEDURA. ‘1 1. Chondrodactylus angulifer. (Pxarx II. fig. 5.*) Chondrodactylus angulifer, Peters, /. c. p. 111, pl.—. fig. 1. Head large, swollen; snout very short and convex, as long as the diameter of the orbit or the distance between the latter and the ear-opening; interorbital space narrow, a little concave; ear- ° opening an oblique slit, measuring half the diameter of the orbit. Body short, not depressed. Limbs rather slender. Snout and crown covered with polygonal scales, largest round the orbit ; temples and occiput with small granules intermixed with keeled tubercles ; rostral small, pentagonal; nostril pierced between three nasals, the anterior being the largest and in contact with its fellow; nine or ten upper and ten or eleven lower labials ; mental narrow, a little longer than the adjacent labials ; no chin-shields. Upper surface of body covered with irregular fiat granules intermixed with round keeled tubercles. Throat granulate ; abdominal region with small smooth subhexa- gonal imbricate scales. ‘Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with irregular flat scales, intermixed above with conical tubercles ar- fanged in transverse series. Light grey-brown above, with five more or less marked blackish angular transverse bands on the back; sometimes round white spots on the sides of the back; a median longitudinal dark streak on the nape; an oblique dark band from the eye towards the latter; tail with dark annuli above; lower surfaces whitish. LOCAL LOBED 5 6.5 \o:<''s, 0:6 126 millim. RICA 3c ors ox kee Zo ig Width of head ........ 19 ,, TUES foie windiest a ss4 5 52 4, OLE ED S50 csc ease 4 ae RUIN HOW. 8 6d ouic.e eee a a Gn see tas a 62°, South Africa. a-b. g. Karroo. The Trustees of the South- African Museum [P.]. ec. Hgr. 8. Africa. 3. RHYNCHEDURA. Rhyncheedura, Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (3) xx. 1867, p. 50. Digits cylindrical, slightly compressed, clawed, covered with uniform small granules. Scales uniformly granular, subimbricate on ventral region. Rostral and mental plates projecting, nail-like. Pupil vertical. Australia. ‘ * Lower surface of hand, x 2; a. Lower surface of fourth finger, x 4. 12 GECKONID. 1. Rhynchedura ornata. (Pare II. fig. 1.) Rhyncheedura ornata, Giinth, 1. c. p. 51. Head resembling that of a young bird, high, the snout pointed and compressed, beak-like; the length of the snout equals the diameter of the orbit, and is much more than the distance between the latter and the very small, roundish ear-opening ; the upper eye- lid is broad, and may cover a good part of the eye. Body rather elongate, scarcely depressed. Limbs moderately elongate ; the digits are rather slender, and the outer toe inserted far down. Head and body covered with small granules, from which the labials can hardly be distinguished, smallest on the throat, largest, flattened and sub- imbricate on the belly; enlarged scales before and behind the vent. Nostrils large, pierced between granules ; rostral and mental small, nail-like, prominent, forming two small hooks. Tail short, rounded, swollen, covered with rings of smooth square scales. Light greyish- brown above, with round, faint, whitish spots; each side with con- fluent blackish-brown half rings; a blackish-brown band across the occiput ; lower parts white. Total length .......... 72 millim Head..... Pp cet his amt ¥t- <%, Width of head ........ i rae FROG ss entecg sss ay ws ae Pare NO CS ns wat iG: 5, BG TKD 5 ois ceased io. fT EE oy cs ee NE Bi 2 North-western Australia. a. 9? Nicol Bay. Mr. Duboulay [C.]. (Type.) 4, TERATOSCINCUS. Teratoscincus, Strauch, Bull. Ac. St. Petersb. vi. 1863, p. 480, and Mél. Biol. vi. 1867, p. 553. Digits not dilated, furnished with a long claw, depressed, with a lateral fringe of long pointed scales, covered inferiorly with minute granular scales. Body covered with uniform large cycloid imbri- cated scales. Pupil vertical. No preanal nor femoral pores. Persia; Turkestan. 1. Teratoscincus scincus. (Pare II. fig. 3.*) Stenodactylus scincus, Schleg. Handl. Dierk. ii. p. 16. Teratoscincus keyserlingii, Strauch, l.c.; Blanford, 2nd Yark, Miss., Rept. p. 11. Head large, high ; snout obtuse, slightly longer than the diameter of the orbit or the distance between the eye and the ear-opening ; eye large; ear-opening large, elliptic, oblique, three fifths the * Lower surface of fourth toe, x4. 4, TERATOSCINCUS.—5,. CERAMODACTYLUS, 13 diameter of the eye. Body depressed. Limbs moderate; toes rather long. Head covered with small granules, largest on the snout; rostral quadrangular, broader than high, with median cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals; nine or ten upper and as many lower labials; mental quadrangular, a little longer than the adjacent labials; no regular chin-shields. Scales of body large, cycloid, smooth, imbricate, largest on the abdomen, of limbs smaller. Tail round at the base, compressed in its posterior half, covered inferiorly and laterally with scales similar to those of the body, above with a series of large, transverse, nail- like plates. Cream-coloured above, with traces of the brown transverse bands which are distinct in the young; lower surfaces white. Total length .......... 126 millim. UO ie, estat a eee Re horas 22) 4 Width of head ........ 19 = ,, SOON aisltoacg oe keo ste ev 5 Pes POLO MND in Soot ia eas SUF ios TAIN DIN SS Vale ee pace 42, yb RAV Chater Ny Re aT Persia; Turkestan. a. Q. Eastern Turkestan. Dr. J. Scully [P.]. 5. CERAMODACTYLUS. Ceramodactylus, Blanford, Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) xiii. 1874, p. 454. Digits not dilated, furnished with a long claw, depressed, with a lateral fringe of long pointed scales, covered inferiorly with small imbricate pointed scales. Body covered with small flat scales. Pupil vertical. Males with preanal pores. Persia; Arabia. 1. Ceramodactylus doria. (Prats II. fig. 4*.) Ceramodactylus doriw, Blanf. l.c., and Zool, E. Persia, p. 358, pl. xxiii. fig. 2. : Head large, oviform; snout obtusely pointed, as long as the diameter of the orbit or the distance between the eye and the ear- opening; eye large; ear-opening small, elliptic, vertical. Body little depressed. Limbs long, slender; if stretched forward the fore limb reaches beyond the tip of the snout, the hind limb a little beyond the axil; toes rather long. Head covered with granular scales, which are slightly keeled on the snout; rostral pentagonal, broader than high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced in the centre of a slight swelling followed by a concavity, between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; fourteen or fifteen upper * Lower surface of fourth toe, x5. 14 GECKONID&. and as many lower labials; mental rather large, squarish, broader than high; no chin-shields. Body covered with small flat, slightly keeled, polygonal scales of uniform size. Male with two widely separated preanal pores. ‘Tail rather slender, cylindrical, gradually tapering to a very fine point, covered with uniform, small, feebly keeled scales. Pale buff above, with brown network enclosing round whitish spots; tail above annulate brown and white; lower surfaces white. Total length ......... 111 millim SON ih loos Yas Cae re's Vv ir Width of head ........ IS Ss WGI eas deen os eT Sa 49 ,, Wore tied sd wars sa)-8 ns | Seen Find: my sso ee ais 34. C««, MMR ents case tees wiaa oe tee 45 ,, Persia; Arabia. ad. Arabia. ' Capt. Burton [P.]. b. S. Sinaitic Peninsula. H. C. Hart, Esq. toy. 2. Ceramodactylus affinis. Ceramodactylus affinis, Murray, Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (5) xiv. 1884, p- 103, — Distinguished from the preceding by a stouter habit. The head is more convex, and the limbs and digits shorter; if stretched for- wards the fore limb does not extend beyond the tip of the snout, the bind limb does not reach the axil. The tail is shorter and ends more abruptly. ‘Ten or eleven upper and as many lower labials; mental as long as broad, its posterior edge curved. Sandy grey above, with darker specks, and four dark cross bands, the anterior on the occiput, the posterior on the loins ; these bands curved, with the concavity in front; lips with dark vertical bars ; lower surfaces whitish. Total length .......... 85 millim. RO pe tae es 1G! ~ oe Width of head ........ oe , Oe Saini eats ie Pa 2, AE Hind limb.......3. Sie. ee ee UML: BY ia wh ce -55 POU de hebaraesd eases 40 ,, North Africa; South-western Asia. 8. 0. Egypt. ; b-c. d 2. Cairo. Sir R. Owen [P.]. d.d. Sinaitic Peninsula. H. C. Hart, bs, [C.] ée. 2. Mount Sinai. Geek Dead Sea. Rev. H. B. Tristram [C.]. g.3 Jaffa. 3. Stenodactylus wilkinsonii. (Pxuare III. fig. 3.*) Stenodactylus guttatus (non Cuv.), Gray, Cat. p. 177. Tolarenta wilkinsonii, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 58. Snout acutely pointed. Limbs very slender and elongate; digits slender, very feebly denticulated laterally. Scales flat, small, slightly keeled, subimbricate. Nostril pierced in the centre of a very strong swelling between the first labial and three nasals; fourteen upper and twelve lower labials. Otherwise as in S. guttatus. Brown above, white-spotted. Total LONGth 35 ss sss 94 millim. | a Eo: Dee aan, Ne A a EG 4 on, Width of head Sr oh Ce L Ran eee ae aS 4 MGVOAURD-§ 655 ifs 008 3 2's 23° PAIR IU: oe % carne sea a DO” DOH so aaia tea oh ors os 3 en Egypt. % a, Bad state. Egypt. Sir J. G. Wilkinson [P.]. (Type.) 4, Stenodactylus petersii. (Pxave III. fig. 4.) Head moderately depressed; snout pointed, as long as the dia- meter of the orbit, or the distance between the eye and the ear- opening ; latter small, round. Body and limbs rather slender; digits elongate, scarcely depressed, feebly denticulated laterally ; the transverse inferior lamelle tricarinate. Head covered with large convex granules ; rostral as high as broad, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and two nasals; nine upper and eight lower labials; mental large, tri- angular; two pairs of chin-shields. Body covered with rather large cycloid imbricated scales, which are feebly keeled on the back and * Profile of head, x 2. 7, STENODACTYLUS—S8, ALSOPHYLAX. 19 smooth on the belly. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with uniform keeled scales forming rings. Colour above sandy, with three series of brown spots on the back; a brown streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye ; lower surfaces white. Total length .......... 51 millim. PROMS aos wa dead eos TD Width of head ........ me 45 THOUS fg Oc cra ea es tore enere 20°6 ;, Bore HAD oc ices ep nces Lee RSUMIAD ors suave vecns 1a Tail (reproduced) ...... 23 yy Egypt. a. QP Egypt. 5. Stenodactylus tripolitanus. ‘aoe ging tripolitanus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1880, p. 306, gil. This species appears to agree in every point with the preceding, except that all the scales of the body are strongly keeled, and there are only seven upper and six lower labials. The tail is considerably longer than head and body. | Tripoli. 8. ALSOPHYLAX, Alsophylax, Fitzing. Syst. Rept Bunopus, Llanf. Ann. § Mag. PE ys (4) xiii. 1874, p. 454, and Zool. LE, Persia, p. 348. Digits not dilated, clawed, not denticulated laterally, inferiorly with a series of lamelle. . Body covered above with juxtaposed scales intermixed with enlarged tubercles, inferiorly with imbricate scales. Pupil vertical. Males with preanal pores. . Turkestan ; Persia; Baluchistan. 1. Alsophylax pipiens. (Puraze III. fig. 5.*) Lacerta pipiens, Pallas, Zoogr. Ross.-As, iii. p. 27. Ascalabotes pipiens, Lichtenst. in Eversm. Reise, p. 145, and Verz, Doubl, Mus, Berl. p. 103. Gymnodactylus pipiens, Lichw. Zool. Spec. iii. p. 181. Stenodactylus pipiens, Fitzing. N. Classif. Rept. p. 47. —— eversmanni, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 90. Eublepharis (Alsophylax) pipiens, F%tzing. 1. c. Gymnodactylus microtis, B Blanf. Journ. As, Soc, Beng, xliv. 1875, p. 198, and 2nd Yark. Miss., Rept. p. 15, pl. ii. fig, 1. Head rather small, not much depressed ; snout obtuse, a little longer than the diameter of the orbit or the distance between the * Lower surface of fourth toe, x 4. 02 20 GECKONID &. eye and the ear-opening; latter very small. Body moderately depressed. Limbs moderate; digits slender, inferiorly with simple transverse lamella. Head covered with large convex granules; rostral rather large, pentagonal, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and one nasal; seven or eight upper and five or six lower labials, anterior very large ; mental very large, trapezoid, in contact with two small chin-shields, followed by others passing gradually into the rather large flat gular granules. Back covered with irregular flat juxtaposed scales, inter- mixed with small, very irregularly scattered keeled tubercles. Abdo- minal scales large, hexagonal, imbricate. Male with an angular series of seven or nine preanal pores. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with smooth imbricated scales, inferiorly with a median series of enlarged scales. Colour sandy above, with rather indistinct darker cross bands ; lips brown-spotted ; lower surfaces white. Total (Nw 65. ices 82 millim. RROAES Dandies ohidvatne ot ht ns Width of head .......... 65 ,, or) Sere ee tere eer 4 a WOUND Sa a ect sinacnae ees jE ee ce Be TO ae a nee Io. 3, 1" | RRC eR Sone tenner ari fe 45 ,, Turkestan. a-c. dQ. Gt. Mt. Bogdo. St. Petersburg Museum [E.]. 2. Alsophylax tuberculatus. pees tuberculetus, ay Ann. § nae NV. H., (4) xiii. p. 464, Zool. E. Persia, p , pl. xxii. Head moderate ; snout obtuse, a little Shamed than the diameter of the orbit or the distance between the eye and the ear-opening ; forehead very slightly concave ; ear-opening elliptic, vertical, nearly half the diameter of the eye. Body moderately depressed. Limbs moderate ; digits slender, the inferior lamelle furnished with pro- jecting tubercles. Head covered with large granules, smaller and intermixed with round tubercles on the temporal and occipital regions; rostral subquadrangular, not much broader than high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; about ten to twelve upper and eight to ten lower labials ; mental subtrapezoid, broader than long ; no chin- shields; gular granules minute. Back covered with small irregular flat granules, intermixed with large trihedral tubercles, forming about fourteen irregular longitudinal series. Abdominal scales rather small, subhexagonal, imbricate. Males with seven or eight preeanal pores, forming a slightly angular series. Tail cylindrical, slightly depressed, verticillate, with rings of keeled tubercles ; no enlarged scales inferiorly. Colour sandy, darker-spotted; a darker streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye, sometimes 8, ALSOPHYLAX—9. HOMONOTA. 21 meeting its fellow on the occiput, sometimes extending to the side of the body; lower surfaces white. Total length. ........ 104 millim. TEMG ES cacy Aiea en es Rees dus Width of head ........ GG ns PINE iat iss ole Stan <8 4) .. MORRIS ip Sic, ties gaat u 17 - Fine Fah soa 5's 2 ts SEU A is BA ee ast Bi sy Baluchistan ; Southern Persia. a-b. 3 Q. Bahu Kalat, Baluchistan. W. T. Blanford, e-d. 2& her. Mand, Baluchistan. Esq. [C.]. ea. Near Bampur, Baluchistan. (Types.) 9. HOMONOTA. Homonota, Gray, Cat. Inz. p. 171. Digits not dilated, clawed, inferiorly with a series of lamella, not denticulated laterally. Body covered with uniform imbricate scales. Pupil vertical. No preeanal nor femoral pores. South-eastern South America. 1. Homonota darwinii. (Pxarz IIT. fig. 7.) Homonota gaudichaudi (non D. & B.), Gray, l. ¢. Gymnodactylus gaudichaudii (non D. § B.), Bell, Zool. ‘ Beagle,’ Rept. p. 26, pl. xvi. fig. 1. Head short, convex; snout rounded, longer than the diameter of the orbit, as long as the distance between the eye and the ear- opening ; latter a small oblique slit. Body rather elongate, feebly depressed. Limbs moderate; digits short, rather thick. Head covered with convex granules, which are largest on the snout; rostral pentagonal or quadrangular, broader than high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; six or seven upper and five or six lower labials ; mental large, pentagonal subeampanuliform ; no regular chin-shields, but dilated granules border the mental and infralabials, and pass gradually into the smaller granules of the throat, which are flat and become imbricate as they approach the neck. Body covered with uniform cycloid imbricated scales, which are a little larger on the belly ; those on the back sometimes very indistinctly keeled. Tail cylindrical, tapering to a very fine point, sometimes rather swollen ; the scales uniform, cycloid, imbricate, smooth, rather larger in- feriorly. Light brown above, marbled with darker; a somewhat indistinct dark streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye; lower surfaces whitish. 22 GECKONID A. Total length .......... 97 millim. WAROG. a VER S05 0 6 eave 9B) tgs Width of head.......... TD as BME) Neh atslacateatatete ai BO: gs Move Hwy. ss al ck ahs 1 Rend BMD) 44 ido. wae eee >: OY is ar POPS SUN bao oe eae: 5 Ee PLUNGE SAS Bo oe orca hs 25 (Cy, Tail (injured) ......;:. 40 ,, Cutch ; Sind. a-c. 6 2 & her. Cutch. F. Stoliczka [C.].° (Typical specimens.) d-e, fa. SQ. Sind. J. A. Murray, Esq. [P.]. (As typical of G. petrensis.) 6. Gymnodactylus heterocercus. | Gymnodactylus heterocercus, Blanford, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xiii. 1874, p. 453, and Zool. E. Persia, p. 345, pl. xxii. fig. 3. Distinguished from all the preceding species, to which it is allied, in having the scales on the lower portion of the tail small, strongly keeled, sharply pointed behind, imbricate, and not arranged in regular verticils. Dorsal tubercles about equal to the small ear- opening in size, very little, if at all, longer than broad, and arranged in twelve longitudinal rows. Ventral scales in twenty-five to thirty longitudinal rows. The fore limb reaches the tip of the snout and the hind limb the shoulder. Hight to ten upper and seven or eight lower labials. Uniform grey. From snout to vent about 40 millim. Eastern Persia. 7. Gymnodactylus elongatus. Gymnodactylus ‘elongatus, Blanford, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xliv. "1875, >. 198, al ed Var ‘ise Rage p14, pile. Allied to the preceding species. Body rather elongate. Limbs long, the fore limb extending to the end of the snout, the hind limb extending some distance in front of the shoulder. Surface of the head granular, granules nearly uniform; nostril between the rostral, the first labial, and two nasals, which are rather swollen, Dorsal tubercles triangular, nearly as large as the small ear-opening ; they are not arranged in regular rows, but about twelve may be counted across the back. About twenty-five larger scales across the belly. Preeanal pores about six, in a V-shaped line. Tail thin, very regularly attenuate, verticillate, covered with trapezoidal or subtrapezoidal keeled scales, the posterior row of each ring larger, 10. @YMNODACTYLUS. 31 but without any granules or small scales between, so that there are no distinct tubercles; lower surface of the tail, except near the base, with a row of large plates about as broad as long. Colour pale grey, with darker transverse bands on the body, limbs, and tail. Total length .......... 127 millim EGO ie Oo vw vine cares (i. ae OVE SIN Lo eisd sears, cca bree 26°, WEG IB os os ccc =; Bare tb is Asst os sos | Hind limb....... Sais TSS A I Geer Sit ae a BY. Khasi Hills. a, Many spec., d 2 Khasi Hills. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.}. b. Her. Assam. W. T. Blanford, ba roan N.E. Bengal. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [ P.]. 31. Gymnodactylus marmoratus. Cyrtodactylus marmoratus, part., Gray, Cat. p. 178. Phyllurus marmoratus, (Kuhi) Fitzing. N. Class. Rept. p. 47. Gonyodactylus marmoratus (Kuhl), Gray, Griff. .A. K. ix. Syn. p. 51; Girard, U.S, Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 304. Gymnodactylus marmoratus, Dum. § Bibr.iii. p. 426, pl. xxxiv. fig. 1 ; Schleg. Abbild. p. 8, pl. ii. ; Steindachn. Novara, Rept. p. 17. 10. G@YMNODACTYLUS. 45 Head rather large, depressed, oviform; snout longer than the diameter of the orbit, which equals its distance from the ear-open- ing; forehead concave; ear-opening suboval, oblique, not quite one third the diameter of the eye. Body and limbs rather elongate. Digits strong, slightly depressed at the base, strongly compressed in the remaining portion; the basal phalange with well-developed transverse plates inferiorly. Head granular, with very small tubercles on the occipital and temporal regions, the granules rather enlarged on the snout; rostral subquadrangular, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above, entering considerably the nostril; latter slightly directed posteriorly, pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and several scales; ten to twelve upper and nine or ten lower labials; mental triangular; two or three pairs of chin-shields, median largest and in contact behind the point of the mental ; throat minutely granulate. Body and limbs covered above with small granules intermixed with small roundish, feebly keeled, sub- trihedral tubercles ; a more or less defined series of tubercles from axilla to groin, limiting the abdominal region ; ventral scales small, cycloid, imbricate. Males with preanal and femoral pores; the former twelve or thirteen altogether, in a A-shaped series, enclosing a groove; the latter widely separated from the former, four to six on each side. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with uniform small flat scales, above with a few scattered tubercles. Light brown above, with chestnut-brown spots, which are sometimes confluent into cross bands on the back ; tail, when intact, with dark-brown annuli; a chestnut-brown streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye; lower surfaces brownish. Detel leongth es 4c ses 148 millim. UC: oe oe reer SPE 1 Se Width of head ........ 5 See BOGU ein er mane fat o OD: 5 Bore Tb. 324.5 oe 20° Mand Wah 4 sierese 0, 8'< 34.—C«,, ORL! Synin erars wee Ks, oy (or East-Indian archipelago. a-b. 3. Java. Leyden Museum. ae Java. Dr. Ploem [C.]. d. 2 Java. Dr. Bleeker. @. 9. Agam. Dr. Bleeker. ies Sumatra. H. O. Forbes, Esq. [C.]. "Ys Matang. h. 2 N. Celebes. Dr. A. B. Meyer [C.].. 32. Gymnodactylus rubidus. Puellula rubida, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxix. 1860, p. 109; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 118. Gecko tigris, Tytler, Jowrn. As. Soc. Beng. xxxiii, 1864, p. 546, Cyrtodactylus rubidus, ‘Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxxix. 1870, p. 165. 46 GECKONID &, Agrees in every respect with G. marmoratus, except that the ventral scales are a little larger, and there are no femoral pores ; the preanal pores few, and in a groove, as in G. philippinicus. Andaman Islands. ang —? W. Theobald, Esq. 33. Gymnodactylus philippinicus. Cyrtodactylus marmoratus, part., Gray, Cat. p. 173. Gymnodactylus philippinicus, Steendachn. Novara, Rept. p. 17, pl. ii. fig. 1. Also closely allied to G. marmoratus. Head a little larger. Digits rather more elongate; the plates under the basal phalanx so slightly developed as to be hardly distinguishable from the sur- rounding small scales. Dorsal tubercles more conical and rather more widely separated. Abdominal scales smaller. Eleven lower labials. Male with a longitudinal groove on the pubic region, con- taining two parallel series of six preanal pores. Coloration as in G. marmoratus. Total longi 34.32.0505 5< 187 millim. PGOR oe edie BR sor sae Width of head. ...055.. 1! Sear ORY, aia 5 were. oseacn Bante os Bas - os Fore Prati eg 34 65 ene eee Mn ade ee ce AB: GE: oie ee nee eaEeees Oh. a Philippine Islands. a-d. 3, hgr., & yg. Philippines. ie Sal ii Luzon. Dr. A. B. Meyer [C.}. ¥. 9. Dinagat Island. A. Everett, Esq. [C.]. 34. Gymnodactylus pulchellus. Cyrtodactylus pulchellus, Gray, Cat. p. 173. ; Cyrtodactylus pee Gray, Zool. Journ. iii. 1828, p. 224, and Illustr, Ind. Zool. Gonyodactylus pulchellus, Wagl. Syst. Amph, p. 144. Gymnodactylus pulchellus, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 423, pl. xxxiii. fig. a3 Cantor, Cat. Mal. Rept. p. 25; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind, p. 113; Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc, Beng. xlii. 1873, p. 118. Head large, much depressed, oviform; snout longer than the diameter of the orbit, which equals its distance from the ear-opening ; forehead and loreal region concave ; ear-opening suboval, vertical, slightly oblique, one third or two fifths the diameter of the eye. Body and limbs rather elongate. Digits strong, slightly depressed 10. @YMNODACTYLUS. 47 at the base, strongly compressed in the remaining portion ; the basal phalanx with well-developed transverse plates inferiorly, Head granular, with small round tubercles on the occipital and temporal regions, the granules enlarged on the snout, except in the frontal and loreal concavities. Rostral subquadrangular, nearly twice as broad as high, with median cleft above, entering considerably the nostril; latter directed posteriorly, pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals; ten to thirteen upper and ten to twelve lower labials; mental triangular; two or three pairs of chin-shields, median largest and in contact behind the point of the mental; throat minutely granulate. Body and limbs above with small flat granules intermixed with small roundish, keeled, subtri- hedral tubercles ; a series of keeled tubercles from axilla to groin, limiting the abdominal region; ventral scales cycloid, imbricate, moderately large. Males with a longitudinal groove on the pubic region containing two parallel series of praeanal pores, forming a right angle with a long series of femoral pores; altogether eighteen to twenty pores on each side, four or five of which are in the groove. Tail cylindrical, tapering, above with small flat scales and annuli of feebly keeled tubercles, inferiorly with a series of large transverse plates. Light brown above, with broad chestnut-brown, light-edged cross bands, which are narrower than the interspaces between them; the anterior horseshoe-shaped, from eye to eye over the nape; the second crescent-shaped, on scapular regions; three others on the body; tail with chestnut-brown complete annuli; lower surfaces dirty white. Total length .......... 231 millim TGR cr arisen ka hen ws 25° 5 Width of head ........ | ee DOHA 25 acca cg aiele ope hy (ome Wore cane wise exe 42 ,, PR TIO: 650 esse nrae ae 54 —O« EAMG Cok tie toa TH! Malay peninsula to Bengal. a,b. 2 & her. Singapore. Gen. Hardwicke [P.]. (Types.) c-d. 3. Singapore. Dr. Cantor. 4. Xe. Bengal. W. Masters, Esq. [P.]. fs $ ‘ : K. India Company. ig 2 > 35. Gymnodactylus consobrinus. Gymnodactylus consobrinus, Peters, Mon, Berl, Ac. 1871, p. 569, and Ann. Mus. Genov, iii, 1872, pl. ii. fig. 1. Closely allied to G. pulchellus. Distinguished by the following characters :—Granules and tubercles of the upper surfaces smaller, the dorsal tubercles not or but very indistinctly keeled, conical ; ventral scales much smaller. Ear-opening smaller. Males with an angular series of nine to eleven preanal pores ; no pubic groove nor femoral pores. Grey-brown above, with darker transverse 48 GECKONID. cross bands, which are much wider than the interspaces between them ; there are eight of these bands, from the nape to the sacrum inclusively ; tail with large dark and small light annuli; lower surfaces dirty white. In the young, the dark bands are almost black and the interspaces white. Total longth 446 2445.; 258 millim. LORE wh esd yee ae Res 30. , Width of head ........ 22 4 DONG thy sie es/ wise Sac, More TOY: sarviec sues 44 ,, Bind THOD 6c stv cos 57 DU, Klee 4 tease ae rE SS Sages Borneo a-e. 3, hgr., & yg. Matang. 36. Gymnodactylus miliusii. Phyllurus miliusii, Gray, Cat. p. 176. Phyllurus miliusii, Bory de St. Vine. Dict. Hist, Nat. vii. p. 183, pl. —. fig. 1; Gray, Zool. Ereb. § Terror, pl. xvii. fig. 2. Cyrtodactylus nilii, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 52. Gymnodactylus miliusii, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 430, pl. xxxiii. fig. 1; Peters, Mon, Berl. Ac. 1863, p. 229. -(Anomalurus) miliusii, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 90. Head large, oviform; snout a little longer than the diameter of the orbit, as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-open- ing; forehead and loreal region concave; ear-opening elliptical, vertical, about three fifths the diameter of the eye. Body moderate. _ Limbs long, slender; digits rather short, subcylindrical. Snout covered with granules of unequal size; hinder part of head with minute granules intermixed with round tubercles; rostral sub- quadrangular, three times as broad as high; nostril directed posteriorly, separated from the rostral and first labial by two nasals; labials small, eleven to fourteen upper and ten to twelve lower; mental broadly trapezoid; no regular chin-shields; gular granules minute. Body and limbs covered above with small granules intermixed with small round conical tubercles; belly covered with flat granules. Tail short, thick, swollen, and nearly as broad as the body in its anterior half, depressed, tapering to a fine point posteriorly ; it is covered with small granules, and, on the upper surface, small conical tubercles arranged in transverse series, Chestnut-brown above, with white cross bands on the back and tail; head and limbs white-spotted ; lower surfaces white. Total length .......... 135 millim TRONS Msn WAN ed ise oh 25 | 45 Width of head ........ 19.6% PN a ss Ny ' 6B Sy 10. G@YMNODACTYLUS. 49 Fore dimb! . b.36 33 sviied o's 36 millim Hind limb............ 43, EBA Scand <> cond He eee BB «5, Australia. a-b,c. 6,2, &hgr. Australia. d. od. Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. e. Hgr. Sydney. jf. Her. Champion Bay, N.W. Mr. Duboulay [C.]. Australia. gy 3, skeleton. —-?P 37. Gymnodactylus platurus. Phyllurus platurus, Gray, Cat. p. 176. Phyllurus inermis, Gray, J. ¢. Lacerta platura, White, Journ. N.S. Wales, p, 246, pl. —. fig. 2; Shaw, Gen. Zool. iii. p. 247. Stellio phyllurus, Schnerd. Amph. Phys. ii. p. 31. —— platurus, Daud. Rept. iv. p. 24. Agama platyura, Merr. Syst. Amph. p. 51. — discosura, Merr, l. ¢. Phyllurus platurus, Fitzing. N. Class. mee s 47; Guérin, Icon. R, A,, Rept. pl. xiv. fig. 1; Gray, Zool. Hreb. & Terror, pl. xviis fig. 3; Girard, U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 303. —— cuvieri, Bory de St. Vine. Dict, Hist. Nat. vii. p. 183, pl. —. fig. 2. Eppimnodactylas platyurus, Wagl. Syst. Amph. £ 144, Cyrtodactylus platura, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 52. Gymnodactylus ok aden Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 428. Gonyodactylus (Phyllurus) platurus, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 92. Phyllurus inermis, Gray, Zool. Hreb. § Terror, pl. xvii. fig. 1. Head large, much depressed, elongate triangular, very distinct from neck; derm of the head more or less confluent with cranial ossification ; snout measuring once and two thirds to once and three fourths the diameter of the orbit, much longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening; forehead and loreal region slightly concave; ear-opening elliptical, vertical, not quite half the diameter of the eye. Body moderate. Limbs long; digits strong, subcylindrical at the base, compressed in their distal portion. Head covered with small granules, intermixed with conical, spinose tubercles ; rostral subquadrangular, three times as broad as high, generally with median cleft above; nostril directed posteriorly, nearly always separated from the rostral and first labial; labials small, thirteen to sixteen upper and eleven to thirteen lower ; mental broadly trapezoid; no chin-sbields. Body and limbs covered above with small granules, intermixed with conical more or less spinose tubercles; belly covered with flat granules. Tail short, depressed, very broad, leaf-like, contracted at the base, attenuated at the tip ; when intact, this organ is studded above with E 50 . GECKONIDA. | spine-like tubercles, but when reproduced it is covered with uniform granular scales. Brown above, marbled with darker, or with broad angular dark cross bands on the back ; lower surfaces light brown, sometimes dotted with darker. Total length .......... 183 millim ps eR ee a 34. =«C@«, Width of head ........ ft fener OO kor smenen ot y (sae More tinh oes ee a Do Ay nd GMb 27 x5 ee oe Wie &. MORAL asec aatacarwiateh artes tah e: eee Australia a, Ad., dry. Australia. b. Ad. Australia. Allan Cunningham, Esq. [P.]. ce, d. Ad. Australia. “ 'ypes of Phyllurus inermis.) ev. Ad, Australia. . Gould, Esq. [C.]. kl, Ad. Australia. J. B. Jukes, Esq. [P.]. m,n. Ad, Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. o. Ad. Australia, p-r. Ad. & hgr. Queensland. H.M.S. ‘ Challenger,’ s. Ad. Pt. Curtis, Queensland. Dr. Coppinger [C.]. t. Ad. Sydney. wu, Ad. Pt. Macquarie. G. Krefft, Esq. 11. AGAMURA. Agamura, Blanford, Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) xiii. 1874, p. 455. Digits slender, clawed, cylindrical at the base; the distal pha- langes compressed, forming an angle with the basal portion of the digits; the claw between two enlarged scales; digits inferiorly with a row of plates. Body covered with small granules inter- mixed with enlarged tubercles. Tail very slender, not fragile. Pupil — vertical. Males with or without preanal pores. Persia and Baluchistan. 1. Agamura cruralis. neuen cruralis, Blanf. 1. c., and Zool. E. Persia, p. 356, pl. xxiii. g. 3. | Head short, feebly depressed ; snout as long as, or slightly longer than, the diameter of the orbit, or the distance between the eye and the ear-opening; eye large; forehead not concave; ear-opening subelliptical, vertical, one third or two fifths the diameter of the eye. Body feebly depressed, rather short. Limbs very long and s ender ; the hind limb if carried forward reaches the eye; the fore limb being: stretched forward, the wrist attains the tip of the snout 11, AGAMURA. 51 or slightly beyond; digits long and slender, unequal. Head covered with flat granules, largest on the snout; rostral broader than high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three rather swollen nasals ; thirteen or fourteen upper and ten or eleven lower labials; mental elongate trapezoid, twice as long as broad; no chin-shields. Body covered above with small, rather irregular, flat granules, intermixed with rather numerous scattered round flat tubercles. Ventral scales small, roundish-hexagonal, juxtaposed, or subimbricate, smooth. [Male with two preanal pores.] Tail very thin and rounded, of nearly the same thickness to the end, covered above with smooth imbricate elongate squarish scales, inferiorly with a row of larger plates. Greyish-brown or sandy above, more or less dotted with darker, especially on the sides of the head and neck; usually a dark cross band on the back of the neck and four [or five] others on the back. Lower surfaces white; throat more or less brown-dotted. Total length 4.065. 135 millim PRGOE sod Vie Bek esos ee Lo 4, Width of head ........ if 3 OGY Gir ava 8 a ke.pn ans 49 ,, (ORG: SEs 5 vs cccteigin es 41 ,, eitig Un se fos ees Si BTR craig ars otek tek a Baluchistan. a-c. 2 & her. Bahu Kalat & Askan. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.}. (Types. ) 2. Agamura persica. Gymnodactylus persicus, 4. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. p. 481. Agamura persica, Blanf. £. Persia, p. 358, pl. xxiii. fig. 4. Differs from the preceding in the following characters :—Head more depressed. Limbs shorter, the hind limb not reaching the eye, and the wrist reaching half-way between the eye and the tip of the snout. The granules on the snout are quite as small as those on the occiput, where there are numerous enlarged tubercles ; the rostral is more than twice as broad as high, and completely divided into two; the mental is not twice as long as broad. The dorsal tubercles are larger, becoming subconical on the hinder part of the back; numerous enlarged tubercles on the hind limbs. No preanal pores in the male. Total length: w.cs sacs ss 98 millim. ict: 7 rene aes: ee EG. Width of head.......... ih Sane BOOM, asd ed grariig Weekes sy en BOIe: HM “6 cove oe 0s 20 «Cs, E2 52 GECKONIDZ. BISNG TID ss we th eS 37 millim {i ASRS eee mre ee ED ees Persia. a. d. Rayin, S.E. of Karman (8000 ft.). W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. 12. PRISTURUS. Pristurus, Riippell, N. Wirbelth. Faun, Abyss., Rept. p. 16; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 91; Gray, Cat. p. 171. Gymnodactylus, part., Dum. § Bubr. iii. p. 408. Spatalura, Gray, Proc, Zool, Soc, 1863, p. 236. Digits slender, clayved, cylindrical at the base; the distal pha- langes compressed, forming an angle with the basal portion of the digits, the lower surface of which has a row of plates. Body not depressed, covered with uniform granules. Tail compressed, keeled. Pupil circular; eyelid distinct all round the eye. No preanal nor femoral pores. North-east Africa ; South-west Asia. Synopsis of the Species. I. Rostral plate entering the nostril. Hind limb, when stretched forwards, reaching axilla; upper caudal keel MONRCUIND 2 ita s hm volcan ne ns 1. flavipunctatus, p. 52. Hind limb reaching the ear-opening or ’ between the shoulder and the ear- opening ; upper caudal keel denticulate 2. rupestris, p. 53. Hind limb reaching to between the ear- opening and the eye; upper caudal keel not denticulate .............. 3. insignis, p. 54. II. Nostril separated from the rostral. Tail at least as long as the body, crest- less; abdominal scales much larger PERC COPBAIN:. 5 Pio isn.5 a5 si siacene's oes 4. crucifer, p. 55. Tail at least as long as the body, with strong upper and lower crest ...... 5. collaris, p. 55. Tail much shorter than the body, with strong upper and lower crest ...... 6. cartert, p. 55. 1. Pristurus flavipunctatus. Pristurus flavipunctatus, Gray, Cat. p. 171. Pristurus oy paar igala Riipp. N. Wirbelth. Faun. Abyss., Rept, p. 17, pl. vi. fig. 8. bi Gymnodactylus flavipunctatus, Dum. § Bibr, iii. p. 417. Saurodactylus (Pristiurus) flavipunctatus, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 91. Head short and high; snout subacuminate, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third 12. PRISTURUS. 53 the diameter of the orbit; forehead very slightly concave; ear- opening oval, oblique, hardly one third the diameter of the orbit. Limbs long, the hind limb when stretched forwards reaching the axilla; digits long and slender. Head, body, and tail covered with granular scales, largest and of about equal size on the snout and belly. Rostral subquadrangular, more than twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals; seven or eight upper and five or six lower labials; mental very large, truncate posteriorly ; no regular chin-shields. Tail longer than head and body, slender, strongly compressed, keeled above and beneath; the two keels denticulate, the upper most strongly, especially in males, i in which it forms a regular crest ; in males the dorsal keel forming also a denticulation. Light greyish-brown above, with more or less distinct darker transverse bars; a darker streak passing through the eye; lower surfaces whitish ; throat sometimes white-dotted. Rotal lewgey vais ae ose s 79 millim HOO cc coders es Oa <2. Width of head ........ Go e4, ORY ts ie ee eat aets 8 29°5 _ ,, Pore tim) -..5..sc:0840e6 LY ter Bind. Timbo S isc oa ses | Pai (ABYGTOO): oo clases ee Abyssinia. a-b. 9. Abyssinia. Frankfort Museum. c-d. 3. Syria (?). Ds —-?P 2. Pristurus rupestris. Pristurus rupestris, Blanford, Ann. § Mag. N. H. (A) xiii. 1874, p. 454; 2d. Zool. E. Persia, p. 350, pl. xxiii. fig. 1; td. Proc. Zool. Soe. 1881, p. 465 ; Murray; Zool. Sind, p. 365, pl. —. fig. 1. Head short and high; snout acuminate, once and two fifths to once and a half the diameter of the orbit; forehead scarcely con- cave; ear-opening oval, oblique, about one third the diameter of the orbit. Limbs long, the hind limb when stretched forwards reaching the ear-opening or between the shoulder and the ear- opening; digits long and slender. Snout covered with polygonal convex scales; the remainder of the head, the body, and the limbs covered with small granules; those on the belly larger, though smaller than the scales on the snout. Rostral more than twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and two or three nasals; seven or eight upper and five or six lower labials ; mental very large,4truncate posteriorly ; no regular chin-shields. Tail longer than head and body, slender, strongly compressed, keeled above and beneath; the two keels den- ticulate, the upper most strongly, especially in males, in which it forms’ a regular crest, which, however, never extends to the body. 54 GECKONID A, Grey-brown or olive above, clouded with darker, and frequently with round lighter spots; a dark streak passing through the eye; small bright red dots may be present on the sides of the body ; sometimes a light reddish vertebral band. Total lengths dod-ciso'% a 85 millim. TIGR Siesie Say cee ae ek ie se Width of head ........ 65% DOCG ist Rare ne 3 ee Fore Hie fcmrvcess <3 16-63 MATAR RID 5 yours cee este 2h. 4, Bes he eee ene De“ Arabia and Socotra to Sind. a-b, 2. Muscat, and Island of Karrack, W.'T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. near Busheer, Persian Gulf. (Types) e. Several Socotra. Prof, I. B. Balfour [C.}. spec.,d 9. 3. Pristurus insignis. ca wick insignis, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 466, pl. xlii. g. 1. ; Head short and high, Anolis-like; snout subacuminate, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit; forehead feebly concave ; ear- opening large, oval, vertical, nearly half the diameter of the orbit. Limbs very long, the hind limb when stretched forwards reaching to between the eye and the ear-opening; digits very long and slender. Snout covered with polygonal convex scales ; the remaining portion of the head, as well as the upper parts of the body, limbs, and tail, covered with minute granules. Rostral subquadrangular, more than twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals; seven to nine upper and five or six lower labials ; mental extremely large, trun- cate posteriorly, followed by three small chin-shields, Abdominal scales granular, a little larger than the dorsals. Tail much longer than head and body, slender, strongly compressed and keeled above, crestless, Earthy brown above, with rather darker but indistinct cross bands and numerous red spots of irregular shape scattered over the back and sides; lower parts paler; chin, throat, and breast mottled with brown. Total length .....,.... 153 millim MARI a aioes aaa eas ib ie Width of head ...:..... 9°5 5, Ce Ae Te Fe: 4. 4 Were TMA: 66.6 aa views 30°5 ,, WENO BINT iss as cocci a0. 5 MR ott ie Ces eee OF tf a-b, Ad. Socotra. Prof. I. B. Balfour [C.]. (Types.) 12. PRISTURUS. 55 e 4. Pristurus crucifer. Gymnodactylus crucifer, Val. C. R. Ac. Paris, lii. 1861, p. 433 ; Vaill. Miss. Révoil aux Pays Somalis, Rept. p. 17, pl. iii. fig. 1. Pristurus longipes, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1871, p. 566. Head short and high; snout subacuminate, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit; forehead not concave; ear-opening small, oval, oblique, not one third the diameter of the orbit. Limbs very long, the hind limb when stretched forwards reaching to between the ear-opening and the eye; digits very long and slender, with extremely long claws. Snout covered with flat polygonal scales ; upper parts of body and limbs with much smaller flat granules; abdominal scales flat, hexagonal, subimbricate, a little larger than the scales on the snout. Mostral large, subpentagonal, with truncate posterior angle, more than twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril separated from the rostral and labials, pierced between three rather swollen nasals; six upper and five lower labials; mental very large, truncate posteriorly; no chin- shields. Tail feebly compressed, not keeled (?). Grey-brown above, with darker markings and white spots; a white vertebral band ; on each side a series of almost confluent white spots; white infe- riorly, throat with a few grey spots. Total length’ 3. és06c 4s 61 millim. PIOUS 5. Bical ak aa te oS 45 Width of head ........ Bix, OGY es ox Sete at-wn 24 «Caz BOre BMD os als ote 16% 4 PENG WINDS Seite Gris ee ay PERI Sista 5 sin ncrectcetacers 29 5, Arabian Gulf. . = a9. Kursi, near Aden. Marquis G. Doria [P.}. ? ‘ (One of the types of Seawind sen ea 5. Pristurus collaris. Spatalura collaris, Steindachn. Novara, Rept. p. 20. Closely allied to P. carteri, from which it differs in having the tail longer, as long as or a little longer than the body, and the upper caudal crest extending on the back. A deep black band across the throat, extending on the sides of the neck. . Habitat unknown. 6. Pristurus carteri. Spatalura carteri, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1863, p. 236, pl. xx. fig. 2; Carter, op. cit. 1864, p. 185. Head short and very high; snout triangular, acutely pointed, 56 GECKONID.. longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, slightly longer than the diameter of the orbit ; forehead not concave; ear- opening rather large, oval, vertical, the upper part concealed under a fold of the skin. Six larger incisor teeth. Limbs very long, the hind limb when stretched forwards reaching the eye; digits very long and slender, with very long claws. Upper surfaces covered with small flat granules, largest on the snout. Abdominal scales smaller still, convex, those on the median line pointed and erect. Rostral transversely suboval, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft; nostril pierced between two large and one very small nasal, separated from rostral and labials; eight upper and seven lower labials; mental large, subtrapezoid; no chin-shields. Tail shorter than the body, strongly compressed, in profile rounded at the extremity, which is a little higher than the base, furnished above with a much-developed crest of closely set slender linear scales. The life-coloration is as follows, according to Carter :—‘ Ground cinereous, six pairs of white spots between the back of the head and root of tail, symmetrically placed; six to eight lines of red spots on ° each side, broken and terminating in small points towards the belly ; buff-coloured irregular spots on the sides among the red lines ; belly bright yellow, passing into cinereous towards the roots of the pos- terior and anterior extremities ; legs and tail spotted with red towards their proximal ends, with white spots towards their extremities ; head irregularly marked with red and white spots having a trans- verse direction.” Total length. 4.25. cc's 94 millim TIGRE ch oer ew & eave Se i eae Width-ofhead.:.; .<.... 18 -, OGG Se Ba ay 48... Ware Sin 3s i sic owe a SOs. 9é PAG FAY 665 060s 53: 5, fT DO i 2O 5, _ South-east coast of Arabia. a-b, Ad., bad state. Makulla. H. Carter, Esq. [P.]. (‘Types.) 13. GONATODES.* Gymnodactylus, part., Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 408; Giinth. . Brit. pe ps sa aa p Rept Gonatodes, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 91. Goniodactylus (non Kuhl), Gray, Cat. p. 171. Heteronota, part., Gray, /. c. p. 174. Digits slender, clawed, cylindrical or depressed at the base (in one species dilated) ; the distal phalanges compressed, forming an angle with the basal portion of the digits, the lower surface of which has * Gonatodes ferrugineus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 102.—Trinidad. 13. GoNATODES. 57 a row of plates. Body more or less depressed, granul ar or tubercular above. Tail not compressed. Pupil circular; eyelid distinct all round the eye. Males with or without preanal or femoral pores. Tropical America ; East Indies. Synopsis of the Species. I. American Specrus.—Males more brilliantly coloured than the females, without femoral or preeanal pores. A. Basal phalanges of digits cylindrical. Snout obtusely pointed, little longer than the diameter of the orbit; male with a broad bluish-black band on each side of the belly .............. 1. albogularis, p. 59. Snout longer than the diameter of the orbit, pointed; a broad whitish, black- edged vertebral band, and a_ broad bluish-black band on each side of the Doliveas Ghe: Male. vee ce. sseeesdes 2. vittatus, p. 60. Snout acutely pointed, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; head white, black- marbled ; one or two large ocelli on each ROM OL TUG BOK Giles as eer esas 3. ocellatus, p. 60. Snout not once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; head white, with reticulated black lines ; a more or less distinct ocellus BORO OLUIR a Sick nti hese ole aint as 4, caudiscutatus, p. 61. B. Basal phalanges of digits distinctly depressed. Chin-shields scarcely enlarged; male with the head and neck uniform yellowish, the rest of the body grey-blue with black vermiculations .............. 5. concinnatus, p. 61. Dorsal granules exceedingly small; rela- ; tively large plates under the basal pha- langes ; male brown, finely vermiculated With darkor above: ..cieiee se eee ees 6. humeralis, p. 62. II. Matayan Srrores.—Males coloured like the females, without femoral or preanal pores. Snout short and pointed; upper surfaces covered with uniform small granules .. 7. timorensis, p. 63. Snout long and broad, with strong canthal ridges; body above with small granules intermixed with keeled tubercles .... 8. kendalliz, p. 63. 58 GECKONID&. III. Inpran Spxcrrs.—Males coloured like the females, with femoral or preanal pores, A. Digits not dilated. 1. Flanks without spine-like projecting tubercles. a. Males with femoral pores, without preanal pores. Back with uniform keeled granules; 4 or 5 pores on each side ........25. sees 9. indicus, p. 64. Back with uniform or heterogeneous round granules, each with a raised central point or short keel; 4 to 6 pores on each SIGE aoe. serial sia chsiae ben Gareu Fhe a were ie 10. wynadensis, p. 65. Back with uniform round granules ; 8 pores DU RAON MIO io iicaists an vse wood Be ese 11. sisparensis, p. 66. , b. Males without femoral pores, with preanal pores. Back with small smooth granulesirregularly intermixed with small smooth or slightly keeled tubercles ; ventral scales smooth ; GO DUTON a in weate stern eh atae cites 12. ornatus, p. 66. Back with small granules irregularly inter- mixed with slightly larger ones, all with a central raised point or short keel ; ventral scales keeled ; 6 to 8 pores.... 13. marmoratus, p. 67. c. Males with preanal,and femoral pores. Back with small strongly keeled tubercles, and scattered enlarged ones on the flanks ; 2 or 3 preanal, and on each side 3 or 4 femoral pores .............. 14. mysoriensis, p. 68. 2. Flanks with small spine-like projecting tubercles. Scales under the neck keeled ; tail with rings of spine-like tubercles; 3 or 4 preanal, and on each side 3 to 5 femoral ON A ee eee rec eee 15. kandianus, >). 68. Scales under the neck smooth; tail with rings of spine-like tubercles; 2 to 4 preanal, and on each side 3 to 5 femoral GE are Use See e eee ce sec ees sens 16. gracilis, p. 70. No enlarged tubercles on the back ; no rings of spines on the tail; no preanal pores; 5 to 12 femoral pores on each mF ORM oi OS erring aire ieee 17. gerdonit, p. 71. B. Digits dilated at the base, with large plates inferiorly ........ 18. littoralis, p. 71. 13. GONATODES. 59 1. Gonatodes albogularis. Goniodactylus albogularis, Gray, Cat. p. 172. Gymnodactylus albogularis, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 415; Cocteau, in R, de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 174, pl. xix. ; Steindachn. Novara, Rept. p. 16. _ Gonatodes albigularis, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 91. ? Gymnodactylus notatus, Remh. § Lith, Vidensk. Meddel. 1862, . 280. eadacty ius maculatus, Steindachn. l. e. pl. i. fig. 4. Head small, high; snout obtusely pointed, short, measuring the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, little longer than the diameter of the orbit; forehead not concave: ear-opening small, oval. Body and limbs moderate; digits slender, narrow at the base, the scales under the basal joint small, subequal. Upper parts covered with small granules, largest on the snout. Rostral penta- gonal, nearly twice as broad as high, with median cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral and three or four nasals; five or six upper and four or five lower labials; mental very large, truncate behind, in contact with two or three small chin-shields followed by others passing gradually into the minute granules of the gular region. Abdominal scales rather large, flat, hexagonal, imbricate. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered above with uniform small round slightly imbricate scales, inferiorly with larger scales, those of the median series transversely dilated. Males grey-brown above, un- spotted; throat pure white, bordered on each side by a broad dark blue band ; a white or pale blue, black-edged, vertical line in front of the fore limb; a broad black (steel-blue?) band of each side of the belly, the lower part of which, as well as the lower surface of the thighs, is bright yellow. Females grey-brown above, with small darker spots; the white line in front of the shoulder more or less distinct; frequently a lighter vertebral band ; lower surfaces whitish. Young white-spotted. Total length: ccd cs es 76 millim. GAG 8 os Sar pe c ee Siadiass eer Width of head ........ aes EEG Scekiie wc Fiaetys! siete eels r+: gees BOG MIOD 055 Satie sera 13%) 33 Bini TE svete ease tes ch ee DAU exis ait tees 44 ,, West Indies. a, Hgr. Rio 8. Juan, Cuba. b-e. QD. Jamaica. di. SQ. —P k-l. Yg. —? Var. fuscus. Stenodactylus fuscus, Hallow. Jow'n. Ac. Philad. (2) iii. 1855, p. 33. Gymnodactylus fuscus, A. Dum. Arch. Mus, viii. p. 477; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 48, pl. x. fig. 5. , 60 GECKONID®. tao bie albogularis, var., 4. Dum. l. c. p. 472. Goniodactylus braconnieri, O’Shaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) xvi. 1875, p. 265. The gular region is light brown (orange ?) with a median whitish line, bifurcating on the chin; no blue band on the side of the neck, but a few pale blue spots on the lips; back finely vermiculated with blackish ; end of tail yellow. Otherwise like the preceding. Female more vermiculated. Colombia ; Central America. a-b, c-d.3 9. Baranquilla. Mr. Rippon. (Types of G. braconnieri. Oni —? | ee Panama. Mdme. Pfeiffer [C. ]. g-h. 2. Panama. In one of these two specimens the chin-shields in contact with the mental are united into one, as in the G. fuscus figured by Bocourt. 2. Gonatodes vittatus. Gymnodactylus vittatus (Wiegm.), Lichtenst. Nomencl. Rept. Mus, Berol, p. 6; Reinh, §& Initk. Vidensk. Meddel, 1863, p. 283. Gonatodes gilli, Cope, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1863, p. 102, & 1868, p.97. Very closely allied to G. albogularis. The snout is a little longer and more pointed. Grey above; a broad white (yellow) vertebral band commencing from the tip of the snout, bordered with black ; sides of belly steel-blue; the lower belly yellow in the middle; throat white, uniform or with deep black variegations. Female unknown. West Indies; Northern South America. ao. Dominica, b-c. Bo. Island of Granada. ad. 3. Island of Curacao. ag ed. —P 3. Gonatodes ocellatus. (Pate V. fig. 1.) Goniodactylus P ocellatus, Gray, Cat. p. 172. Cyrtodactylus ocellatus, Gray, Zool, Misc. p. 59. Differs from G. albogularis in the following points :—Snout acutely pointed, a little longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit. Scales on the throat quite as large as those on the middle of the back. Light brown ; head and neck above and beneath with large dark brown marblings; a light blue, black-edged transverse streak on scapular region, extending across base of humerus; one or two large light blue, black-edged ocelli on the side of the back; belly dark. 13, GONATODES. 61 Total length .......... 86 millim. BROOME oe bass Se Ne tel here Width of head ........ oa) IGG OS bichisierae o0:0 wakes 1 ae BOROIGD oo oa os siaccth ue iv Aer PAIN LAD Ss's-n 06 6s 90's ae -% LC PAM Sa ae An een ar ar 40 ,, Tobago ad. Tobago. Zoological Society. (Type.) 4. Gonatodes caudiscutatus. (Pxare V. fig. 2.) Gymnodactylus caudiscutatus, Giinth. Proc, Zool. Soc, 1859, p. 410. Goniodactylus caudiscutatus, O’Shaughn, Ann, § Mag. N. H. (4) xvi. 1875, p. 265. Head considerably more depressed than in G@. albogularis ; snout a little longer. In the males the supraocular spine-like scales are much developed, and the subcaudal shields very broad. Males dark grey on the back and limbs, with light blue, black-edged spots; a more or less distinct larger ocellus above axilla; head white above, with reticulated black lines, one from the eye towards the snout being very constant; chin, throat, and breast white, uniform or with a few black specks; belly grey or blackish. Female grey-brown above, with darker spots symmetrically arranged in pairs on the back and tail: lower surfaces a little lighter, the throat with brown reticulation. Total length .......... 79 millim. ERGO secre nateeesiene see WI gies Width of head ........ y ae OGY a easo a ones oes SOK 4s OVO Nese. es vse oe hee wind AMD oss hae anes 4 ee rt Re pe rate ee OT A Et Si 3 Ecuador and Colombia. a-d. dQ. W. Ecuador. Mr. Fraser [C.]. (Types.) e-f. Panama. Mdme, Pfeiffer (oneal 5. Gonatodes concinnatus. Goniodactylus concinnatus, O’Shaughn. Proc. Zool. Soc, 1881, p. 237, 1, xxxiii. fig, 2. — buckleyi, O’Shaughn. 1. c. p. 238, pl. xxiii. fig. 3. The snout is a little longer and more pointed than in G. albo- gularis; the digits are slightly depressed at the base, as in @, humeralis ; the anterior chin-shields are very small, and can hardly 62 GECKONIDZ, be termed such. Males: head and fore part of body above and below as far as the shoulder, and including the fore limb, pale brown or yellowish, abruptly terminated by two vertical humeral bands, sometimes meeting above and forming a regular collar of pure white with black borders; the rest of the body, with the hind limb, blue, with black vermiculations elaborately interwoven ; tail darker, with the variegations continued ; inferior surface from chest blue, paler again at the hind limb and anal region. Females: ground-colour greyish brown ; head variegated with black ; back with two parallel longitudinal rows of black blotches, pointed in front and separated by the median line ; a narrow white vertical streak on the shoulder ; gular region, from the chin to the chest, with alternating black and white oblique stripes converging behind, and making a triangular pattern. Total length .......5.. 96 millim is Ys SOR eee age ee iS-7,, Width of head ........ ‘aes OGY aisccdin pot tn totes oo 4 POPs HMO ont arnaees 100-5 BG BOA is esd oa wd BD ayy REL: 2. Pate ah are 45 ,, Ecuador. a-c. 3. Canelos, Mr. Buckley [C.]. (Types.) d-e. 2. Canelos. Mr. Buckley ret) (Types of Gonio- 7.2. Pallatanga. Mr. Buckley [C.].{ dactylus buckley.) 6. Gonatodes humeralis. (Piare V. fig. 3.*) Gymnodactylus humeralis, Guichen. in Casteln, Voy. Amér, Meér., Rept. p.6, pl. iii. fig. 1 ; A. Dum. Arch, Mus. viii. p. 474. —— incertus, Peters, Mon, Berl. Ac, 1871, p. 397. Goniodactylus sulcatus, O’Shaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) xvi. 1875, p. 265, Snout pointed, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening ; all the scales smaller than in the preceding species ; six or seven upper and five or six lower labials ; the basal joint of the fingers and toes slightly though distinctly depressed, with relatively large plates ; the basal joint of the fourth toe longer than the remaining part of the digit. Male brown, above finely vermicu- lated with darker; a narrow, dark-edged whitish vertical streak in ~ front of and above the fore limb; tail with alternating darker and lighter cross bars ; a few dark spots on the side of the back. Female brown, lighter beneath, with black spots symmetrically arranged in pairs on the back and tail; a narrow white ante-humeral line ; head, limbs, and throat vermiculated or clouded with brown. * Lower surface of fourth toe, x4. 13. GONATODES. . : 63 Total length .......... 73 millim RU ORUD ae 6 ANS «ese oun ae BOS tis Width of head ........ 65 ,, PUA ethic dn da wet BAA* 4, fe pod his 5d So een gaa ie ie SS) RIO IBD Soe cele on ao 8 1 & Re RRR Bie oo a ig Gada es cco SG! 5 Peru a. 3. [Cuba.] —— P (Type of Goniodactylus sulcatus.) b-d. SQ. Yurimaguas, Huallaga River. Dr. Hahnel [C.]. re Cayaria. Messrs. Veitch [P.]. Sod: 2. Puerto del Mairo. Messrs. Veitch P| 9 Santarem. Mr. Wickham [C.]. [Gymnodactylus gaudichaudu, Dum. & Bibr. iii. p. 418, from Coquimbo, Chili, belongs doubtless to this genus, but it is not possible from the description to say in what points it differs from its American congeners, to which it seems to be very closely related. ] 7. Gonatodes timorensis. Gymnodactylus timoriensis, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 411. Snout short, pointed ; rostral pentagonal, a little broader than high ; five pairs of labials; mental very large, lozenge-shaped ; a very small chin-shield on each side of the mental. Digits long and slender. Upper surfaces covered with uniform small granules. Abdominal scales hexagonal, imbricate. No preanal or femoral pores (?). Head and back reddish, sides grey-brown ; brown spots on each side of the vertebral line ; a black interrupted band along the flanks ; reddish-grey inferiorly. BRINE Vig ade be asetesaie kta 11 millim. NOON aces ie te sca anes ae OPO TUED:, ais ecole Sst te ee ae PENG MB 3 picts vis es 14 Timor. 8. Gonatodes kendallii. (Prats V. fig. 4.) Heteronota kendallii, Gray, Cat. p. 174. Habit very slender. Head oval; snout long and broad, rounded, depressed, with strong canthal ridges, much longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; eyes large; ear-opening vertically oval, two fifths the diameter of the eye. Limbs long; digits long and slender, com- pressed, inferiorly with small lamell~# and a large oval plate at the articulation of the basal and proximal phalanges. Upper surfaces covered with minute granules, intermixed on the body with irregu- - 64 GECKONIDZ. larly arranged small keeled tubercles. Rostral large, quadrangular, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft; nostril between the rostral and several granules; eleven to thirteen upper and ten to twelve lower labials; mental very large, subtriangular; two large chin-shields, in one specimen fused with the mental. Ab- dominal scales very small, juxtaposed, convex, keeled. No preanal or femoral pores. Tail cylindrical, slender, with small keeled scales and large pointed tubercles, of which there is a median series on the lower surface. Brown above, more or less distinctly clouded with darker; lower surfaces lighter. Total length .......... 118 millim ROUBLE Cobia Se cect ete ADY 35 Width of head ........ Oa OOY. Ssteaccen, Sy ee Ble wigs BOp6 HOD 666 Vishe coo 28. «Ca, MATA POD cee aas ea 39 Ci, RY gigieae ek wk ee Be: - 4 Borneo a-b. SQ. Borneo. Sir E. Belcher [P.]. (Types.) ad. Matang 9. Gonatodes indicus. (Puare VI. fig. 1.) Goniodactylus indicus, Gray, Ann. § Mag. N. H. xviii. 1846, 429 p. 429. Gymnodactylus indicus, Jerdon, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxii. 1853, p. 469; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 115. Head short; snout obtusely pointed, slightly longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and two thirds the diameter of the orbit ; forehead not concave; ear-opening very small, round. Body and limbs moderate; the hind limb reaching hardly the axilla. Digits moderately slender; the basal joint not dilated, scarcely wider than the distal joints, inferiorly with larger, subequal plates. Upper surfaces covered with uniform strongly keeled granules, which are larger on the back than on the snout. Rostral, subquadrangular, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals ; seven or eight upper and five or six lower labials; mental large, broad, subtriangular or pentagonal, with truncate posterior angle ; small chin-shields passing gradually into the gular granules. Ventral scales hexagonal, imbricate, smooth or feebly keeled. Males with four or five femoral pores on each side. ‘Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered above with uniform small keeled scales, inferiorly with larger scales, those of the median series being slightly enlarged. Brown above, marbled with darker and lighter; sometimes a light vertebral line ; brownish-white beneath, the throat frequently brown, or brown-marbled. 13. GONATODES. 65 ~ Total length..........+. 83 millim. PEON id. o's a VERA RS LO Width of head.......... o aelaarye agai wef casa ae BOR Sas POLO HIOR 4 bis vaccines ge: BO: 55 PAE HIB ys cae vs EKG 1S) i. DAs then SG sie a weeks 43 ,, Southern tndin. a-c. dQ. Madras Presidency. T.C. rar Esq. [P.]. d. Many spec.:3',9 ,&hgr. Nilgherries. Col. a ome [C.], 10. Gonatodes wynadensis. (Puarz VI. fig. 2.) Gymnodactylus wynaadensis, Beddome, Madras Journ. Med. Se, 1870. Goniodactylus wynadensis, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1875, p, 226. Habit of G. indicus. The basal part of the digits inferiorly with very small scales, the two distal ones only being a little enlarged and plate-like. Head covered with very small granules, which are keeled on the snout. Upper surface of body with large round granules, each with a raised central point or short keel, largest on the sides ; these tubercles are either homogeneous, or intermixed with much smaller ones, and as there are specimens which are intermediate in this respect, no great importance can be attached to this difference. Ab- dominal scales smooth. Six upper and seven or eight lower labials. Male with four or five femoral pores on each side. Tail generally with a median series of transversely dilated plates inferiorly. Brown above, marbled with darker and lighter ; the median dorsal ° zone sometimes lighter, dark-bordered; brownish inferiorly, the throat brown-marbled ; tail inferiorly dark-brown, generally lighter- spotted. LOGSE LONG. 25 aes. or0is ss 87 millim, SROUG: cease as otrestetrnrs 3 2 oy Width of head.......... 85: ,, OY xe cine ence State ZO. 5, Rote lea. a3 ohne e'es 14. ,, UDG TIA: ise i aiasie nee Vt eee SURE) caster eisared ace er Madani 46° -,, Southern India. a, Many spec.: 3,9, Wynaad. Col. Beddome [C.]. & her. (Types.) bd. Anamallays, Col. arfidome Osh ct. 3B, @ & her. Bolumputta Hills. Col. Beddome [C. }. k-l. 9 & yg. Tinnevelly, Col. Beddome | C. ]. m-n. Yg. Nellicottah. Col. Beddome [C.}. F 66 -GECKONID A. 11. Gonatodes sisparensis. Gymnodactylus maculatus (non Steind.), Beddome, Madras Journ, Med. Sc. 1870. ; —— sisparensis, Theobald, Cat. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 86. Closely allied to G. wynadensis, but the digits much more elongate. Eight femoral pores on each side. Dorsal tubercles homogeneous. Brown, with regular transverse dark bands across the body and tail. From snout to vent 62 millim. Southern India. a, d,very bad Sholakal, Sispara Ghat. Col. Beddome [C.]. (Type.) state. bs S.W. India. Col. Beddome [C.]. 12. Gonatodes ornatus. (Prare VI. fig. 3.) Gymnodactylus ornatus, Beddome, Madras Journ. Med. Se. 1870. Head rather elongate; snout acuminate, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half to once and two thirds the diameter of the orbit ; forehead feebly concave ; ear- opening small, vertically oval. Body moderate, limbs rather slender ; the hind limb reaching the shoulder or a little beyond. Digits elongate, slender; the basal part not dilated, scarcely wider than the distal, inferiorly with very small plates and a large discoid one under the articulatior. Snout covered with keeled granules; hinder part of head with uniform minute granules. Rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals ; six to nine upper and seven or eight lower labials; mental large, triangular or pentagonal, its posterior angle truncate and in contact with a small median chin-shield; two pairs of larger chin-shields. Upper surface of body covered with small smooth granules irregularly intermixed with small round convex, some- times slightiy keeled, tubercles. Abdominal scalés small, round, imbricate, smooth. Males with six to nine preanal pores forming an angular line. Tail cylindrical, becoming slender in its distal half, covered above with small smooth scales, in its anterior portion with semiannuli of pointed keeled tubercles ; inferiorly with large smooth scales, the median series being a little enlarged. Brown above, with blackish and whitish markings ; head generally with black and white angular lines; generally a black and white band across the neck and a white, black-edged ocellus in front of the arm; tail with complete black and white annuli; lower sur- faces brownish, the lower lip brown-edged. ne eee ey ee ere 16 13. GoNATODEs. 67 DOI cd t0k oct « ode Satay 39 millim, Fore limb ..... te aes 24 (=, EPH IAD 5 oc dsc 28 oe oe 32 ga a ee G2. is Southern India. a. wary dil Tinnevelly. Col. Beddome [C.]. (Types.) ? 3,2,& , oC Gs x hgr. Tinnevelly. Col. Beddome [C.]. g: Travancore. Col. Beddome [ C. ]. h. ch 8. India. Col. Beddome [C.]. 13. Gonatodes marmoratus. (Pxaze VI. fig. 4.) Gymnodactylus marmoratus (non D. §& B.), Beddome, Madras Journ. Med. Se. 1870. —— hbeddomei, Theobald, Cat. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 88. Head rather elongate ; snout acuminate, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and half to once and two thirds the diameter of the orbit; forehead feebly concave; ear-opening small, vertically oval. Body moderate, limbs rather slender ; the hind limb reaching the shoulder or a little beyond. Digits elongate, slender ; the basal part not dilated, scarcely wider than the distal, inferiorly with regular plates, that under the articulation being large and discoid. Head covered with small granules, largest and keeled on the snout. Rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals; six to eight upper and as many lower labials; mental large, triangular or pentagonal, its posterior angle truncate; chin-shields very small. Upper surface of body covered with small granules irregularly intermixed with slightly larger ones ; all these tubercles with a central raised point or ashort keel. Abdominal scales very small, juxtaposed, convex, keeled. Males with six to eight preanal pores. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered above with uniform small feebly keeled scales, inferiorly with larger smooth scales, those of the median series sometimes a little enlarged. Brown, above clouded with darker and lighter markings; tail with ill-defined darker and lighter annuli; the lower lip edged with dark brown; another dark-brown streak, a, to the latter, on each side of the throat. Total length “osc n es aa Ceylon; Southern India. a,b. SQ. Ceylon. Dr. Kelaart. c-e. 3 Q. Ceylon. G. ae ey a 8q. ie Ss Ceylon g. ds S. India. Col. Beddome [C.}. h-i. oS. Lamparis Peak (5000 feet). Col. Beddome [C.], 18. Gonatodes littoralis. (Pxars VI. fig. 6.*) Gymnodactylus littoralis, Jerdon, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxii. 1853, p. 469, and Proc. As. Soe. Beng. 1870, p. 75; Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soe, 1875, p. 226. planipes, Beddome, Madras Journ. Med. Se. 1870. Habit very slender, Anolis-like. Head long; snout pointed, mvch longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and two thirds to once and three fourths the diameter of the orbit; forehead very slightly concave; ear-opening small, oval, vertical. The hind limb does not reach beyond axilla. Digits * Lower surface of fourth toe, x 4. 72 GECKONIDZ. strongly dilated at the base, with large plates inferiorly ; the distal of these plates is the largest, longer than broad, truncate anteriorly. Upper surfaces covered with equal smooth granules, minute on the back, much larger on the snout; a few very small subconical tubercles are scattered on the flanks. Rostral large, quadrangular, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals; eight to ten upper and six to eight lower labials ; mental large, broadly triangular, its posterior angle truncate ; small chin-shields passing gradually into the small smooth gular granules. Ventral scales hexagonal, imbricate, smooth. Males with sixteen to eighteen femoral pores on each side ; no preanal pores. Tail cylindrical, tapering, above with uniform small smooth scales, inferiorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates. Grey-brown above, generally with a row of lighter dark-edged spots along the back, and a black spot on the nape; nearly always a black line bordering the lower lip, and extending as far as the ear; lower surfaces whitish. Total length .......... 68 millim co ee ne ae i aoe Width of head ........ Bs EMMY wet teria Ga we os 8 9. 7 ee OTS UID 255 Sra te vie i. 5, Wiihid Wai? ica) esi adoe i alee OIE sess sa Neti ne ee 1 Southern India. a. Many spec.: 3, 9,. Nellicottah. Col. Beddome [C.]. (Types & yg. of G. planipes.) b, e-d. Several spec. : Nilambar. Col. Beddome [C.]. 3, 2,& yg. Gonatodes boiei. Goniodactylus boiei, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 58. —— timorensis (non D. § B.?), part., Gray, Cat. p. 172. “ Blackish (discoloured? in spirits); back with close, squarish, minute, uniform, rather prominent scales ; tail slender, longer than the body; lower labial shields unequal, three front large, the second largest, rest small; the chin-scales moderate, triangular behind, with two small polygonal shields behind them; rest of throat-scales small, polygonal.” a-d. India. Gen. Hardwicke [P.]. (Type.) In too bad state to be described; doubtless a Gonatodes distinct from the other Indian species, and apparently allied to G. jerdonii. The following specimens, types of Goniodactylus australis, Gray, belong probably to this genus, but they are in too bad a state to be determinable :— Goniodactylus australis, Gray, Cat. p. 172.—“ Pale brown, darker- 14, MLUROSAURUS. 73 marbled ; scales very minute, of head rather larger; lower labial plates 10-1-10; the lower rostral small, trigonal, the other plates very gradually smaller ; chin granular; those in the centre of the front rather larger, 6-sided ; tail P". a-b. Australia. Mr. Buchanan. (Types.) 14. HLUROSAURUS. - Pentadactylus, Giinther, Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 117 (nec Gray). Digits short, cylindrical at the base, and with transverse lamelle inferiorly, compressed in the distal phalanges, which are raised and furnished with a claw rectractile between two large plates forming a compressed sheath ; a narrow plate covering the upper suture of the two distal plates.. Body covered with small juxtaposed flat scales, Upper and lower eyelids well developed, connivent. Pupil vertical. Males with preanal pores. East Indies ; Australia? 1. Alurosaurus felinus. (Prats III. fig. 8.*) Pentadactylus felinus, Shiite 1. ¢. pl. xii. fig. F. — borneensis, Giinth. 1 Habit slender. Head per elongate, very distinct from neck ; snout pointed, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit; ear- opening small, suboval, oblique. Body long, not depressed. Limbs long and thin. All the scales uniform, small, flat granules. Rostral broad and low, separated from the nostril, which is pierced between two larger anterior nasals, the first labial, and small granules pos- teriorly ; two large internasals followed by three other plates; thirteen upper and as many lower labials, the latter in contact with another series of equally large plates; mental small, very low. Tail short, rounded, vertically oval when intact, ending in a very obtuse point, probably prehensile. Male with twenty-one preanal pores in an angular series. Brown above, with two dorsal series of more or less distinct lighter, dark-edged roundish spots ; sometimes scattered white dots on the sides of the body, forming spots on the a (spec. b); upper lip whitish; lower surfaces whitish, brown- ot Total length) .3..556405% 157 millim PIG ruses a se etre 23 «Cs, Width of head ........ Yo Ody o- css. d ae oh oss 9 ae <4) Hore: HM .9 ds tava vas 20. <5, SUNG abs coe ease Does: PAU Syste eset roe Aes 63 Singapore; Borneo. * Lower and lateral view of fourth toe, x 4. 74 GECKONID&. a3. Singapore. Type.) bi 9) Borneo. . R. Wallace, Esq. [C Coe otf Pentadactylus mone 2. Hlurosaurus dorsalis. Pentadactylus dorsalis, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1871, p. 569, and Ann. Mus, Genov. iii. 1872, pl. ii. fig. 2. ‘“* Brown with a yellow median dorsal band, which is bordered on each side by a row of small flat tubercles well distinguished from the surrounding fine granulation. On each side of the body a row of scattered yellow dots. Otherwise quite similar to Z. felinus.” Sarawak. 3. Hlurosaurus? brunneus. Pentadactylus brunneus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1868, p. 320. “ Nostrils surrounded by four small shields and the first labial, the rostral being excluded. The anterior of these scales separated — from its fellow by a polygonal scale, which is not included in a notch of the rostral. Rostral fissured above. Superior labials eleven, last two minute; two or three of them longer than high. Distin- guishable inferior labials nine ; two first much deeper than long. Infralabials not marked, forming some four or five rows of small ovate scales. Scaling of the body coarse. No superciliary spine ; no preanal pores. Free joints of the toes, especially of the thumbs, thick. Tail with whorls of flat hexagonal scales, abruptly separated from those of the sacrum above. Colour above brown, with seven irregular undulate, transverse bars of very deep brown, between rump and nape. Below pale.” Australia. 15. HETERONOTA. Heteronota, part., Gray, Cat. p. 174. Digits not dilated, clawed, inferiorly with a row of plates; claw between three enlarged scales, the latero-inferior pair forming a longitudinal suture. Body covered above with granules and tubercles, inferiorly with imbricate scales. Pupil vertical. Males with pre- anal pores. Australia. 1. Heteronota binoei. Heteronota binoei, Gray, Cat. p. 174. Heteronota binoei, part., Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (8) xx. 1867, p- 50. Head oviform, moderately depressed, large, measuring a little more than one third the distance between end of snout and vent; snout a little longer than the diameter of the orbit, as long as the 15. HETERONOTA. 75 distance between the eye and the ear-opening ; forehead concave ; ear-opening oval, oblique. Body short, moderately depressed. Limbs moderate ; digits rather long and slender. Snout covered with large keeled granules; hinder part of head with minute granules intermixed with round tubercles; rostral square, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced be- tween the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals; seven or eight upper and six or seven lower labials ; mental large, broadly pentagonal; two large chin-shields forming a suture behind the mental. Body covered above with small keeled granules, and large subtriangular strongly keeled tubercles ; the latter are placed close together in twelve or fourteen very regular longitudinal series. Abdominal scales moderately large, cycloid, imbricate, smooth. Male with five preanal pores. Tail cylindrical, tapering, verticil- late, above with keeled scales and tubercles, inferiorly with a median series of transversely enlarged plates. Light brown above; seven dark transverse bands, broader than the interspaces between them, from nape to base of tail; a U-shaped dark streak from eye to eye, over the nape ; lower surfaces dirty white. EL OUSL SOMOUR oso. State ces 80 millim. FIRB as dig PiteveCoueaieion TOO. s3 Width of head ........ 6 a ORY i res is centenin Oh: >, POP WD Gace onan ober: isa ta, PING ENB. 5 soo hsccs 16 9 RAL cGtaee ea ted vase 39 Pe Western Australia. a3. Houtman’s Abrolhos. Mr. Gilbert Mt (Type.) b 3. Champion Bay. Mr. Duboulay [C.]. 2. Heteronota derbiana. Eublepharis derbianus, Gray, Cat. p. 274. gl eit ( ery australis, Steindachn. Novara, Rept. ; . i, fig. 2. i indeavis chowales, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1867, p. 14. oda aii binoei, part., Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (8) xx. 1867, p- 50. Differs from the preceding as follows :—Head not three times in the distance from tip of snout to vent. Dorsal tubercles generally less regularly arranged, more distant from one another, those of one series being separated by interspaces at least equal to their length. Preeanal pores four or six. Light brown above, spotted or marbled with darker; some of the tubercles sometimes whitish; a dark temporal streak ; lower surfaces whitish. Total length ..¢tsg,«... 102 millim. POR fy's Fass gicanidl Seunteres 14. ,, 76 GECKONID & PPOOS balsihine lke ba:h wine 32 millim. DOVO UMD: 6s psa. son a5 carr PUIDE TMD e556 sce sees 7 er i 1 ae ree rane eee SG. Northern and Eastern Australia. ; Port Essington. Lord Derby [ P. Type. -c. 2. N, pret J. Elsey, Bes, rp 3 ie 3 Peak Downs. Godeffroy Museum. oes Rockhampton. 3. Queensland. 3. Australia. Sir J. Richardson [P. ]. 3. Heteronota? eboracensis. stg es eboracensis, Beacltae J Proc. Linn, Soc. N.S, W. ii. 1877, P ‘¢ Form rather robust ; head broad; tail much shorter than the body ; internasal shields rather short and not contiguous; labials nine upper and eight lower, the last two of each very small ; scales mostly tricarinate; tubercles on the back numerous and nearly smooth ; scales on the tail all smooth; colour, above speckled grey and black ; legs and under surface pale with numerous minute black dots. Length 3 inches.” Cape York. 16. PHYLLODACTYLUS *. Phyllodactylus, Gray, Spicil. Zool. 1830, p.3; Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 94 ; oe: Cat. p. 150. 2 heerodactylus, part., Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 148. r. vee part., Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 20; Dum. §& Bibr. iii. ees Fitz, l. ce. p. 95. Discodactylus, Fitz. 1. ce. p. 95. Diplodactylus, part., Wregm. le.; Fitz. lc. p. 94; Gray, Cat. Liz. 148 p. 148. Parceedura, Giinth, Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (5) iii. 1879, p. 218. Digits more or less slender, free, all clawed, with transverse lamellze or tubercles inferiorly, the extremity more or less dilated, with two large plates inferiorly, separated by a longitudinal groove in which the claw is retractile; the distal expansion covered above with scales strongly differentiated from those on the basal portion of the digit. Upper surfaces covered with juxtaposed scales, uni- form or intermixed with larger tubercles ; abdominal scales generally imbricate. Pupil vertical. Males without preanal nor femoral ores. . Tropical America; Australia; Africa; islands of the Mediter- ranean. * Phyllodactylus androyensis, Grandid. Rev. Mag. Zool. xix. 1867, p. 233.— S.W. Aye 2 16, PHYLLODACTYLUS. vt Synopsis of the Species. I. Back with unequal lepidosis. A. Skin of crown free from cranial ossification. 1. Dorsal tubercles keeled. a. Digital expansion much wider than the rest of the digit, trapezoid. Dorsal tubercles in 14 more or less ir- regular longitudinal series; ventral scales in 25 to 30 longitudinal and 65 transverse series .............. 1. tuberculosus, p. 79. Dorsal tubercles in 14 longitudinal series; ventral scales in 18 to 20 longitudinal, and 45 to 50 transverse series ...... 2. ventralis, p. 80. Hinder part of head with uniform minute MTGRUIAT AOR1O8 i. . oe seve oe a e's 3. reissti, p. 80. Dorsal tubercles in 20 to 22 longitudinal series ; ventral scales in 22 longitu- dinal and 53 transverse series ...... 4, pulcher, p. 80. Dorsal tubercles in 20 longitudinal series ; ventral scales in about 25 longitudinal series; labiale Gwe kee ee se 5. spatulatus, p. 81. b. Digital expansion not much wider than the rest of the digit, rounded. Dorsal tubercles small, in 12 longitudinal ORI sy aries sia ace iearsld eis steaa seep 6. galapagoensis, p. 82. Dorsal tubercles large, in 16 longitudinal series; digits slender, the digital ex- pansions very small .............. 10. phacophorus, p. 84. 2. Dorsal tubercles not keeled. a. Digital expansion well developed. Dorsal tubercles very distinct from the granular scales; mental very large .. 7. nigrofasciatus, p. 82. Dorsal scales of unequal sizes, the tubercles differing only in size from the other dorsal scales ................ 8. mequalis, p. 83. Dorsal tubercles very distinct from the granular scales; two elongate chin- shields ; head large; limbs long .... 11. oviceps, p. 85. b. Digital expansion very small, Dorsal tubercles a little smaller than the NRTEGEEL BOBLER 6g 6 5 6 ree ote ons ores 9. microphyllus, p. 84. B. Skin of head confluent with cranial ossification. Infradigital lamelle divided medially .. 12. sanctijohannis, p. 86. Infradigital lamelle entire .......... 13. stumpffi, p. 86. 78 GECKONIDZ. II. Back with uniform lepidosis, A. Digital expansions well developed. 1. Dorsal scales not larger than those on the snout. a. Dorsal scales not keeled. a. Digital expansion considerably wider than the digit. * Mental not twice as broad as long. Rostral four-sided, entering considerably the nostril; first labial not entering RU GRETA 552% esc waves eA eis pe dete’ 14. porphyreus, p. 87. Rostral pentagonal or hexagonal, the latero-superior border entering the nostril; first labial entering the nostril ; digital expansion much smaller than the eye; 7 or 8 entire lamelle under We COUR TOG. isa s hase sees cs 15. marmoratus, p. 88. Digital expansion large, that of the fourth toe measuring nearly the diameter of the eye; ear-opening minute ...... 16. macrodactylus, p. 89. Rostral separated from the nostril; 10 entire lamelle under the fourth toe .. 17. affnis, p. 89. 10 or 11 entire lamelle under the fourth toe; ear-opening large, oval, measuring two thirds or three fourths the diameter mg ES, ae ae ee Bree grace ar ee 18. guentheri, p. 90. ** Mental twice as broad as long. Scales on the snout not larger than those ORANG MACE <2 iii 50s oes Cha de sara 19. europaeus, p. 90. 2. Digital expansion scarcely wider than the digit. The scales on the upper surface of the head much larger than the granules MCRAE DEON isd x.5-0 peated oacna ws es 20. pictus, p. 91. Dorsal scales flat, as large as those on the snout; two median larger chin- MOU cia a seh s o's chit ne e's 6 5 's-4's 21. lineatus, p. 92. b. Dorsal scales feebly keeled. The scales on the back about as large as those on the snout................ 22. ocellatus, p. 93. 2. Dorsal scales larger than those on the snout. 7 upper and 6 lower labials .......... 23. unctus, p. 94. 11 upper and 10 lower labials ........ 24. riebeckii, p. 94. B. Digital expansion extremely small. Digtie WIE SIS ile oe eeesciow cece’ 25. gerrhopygus, 95. 16. PHYLLODACTYLUS. 79 1. Phyllodactylus tuberculosus. Phyllodactylus tuberculatus, Gray, Cat. p. 150. Phyllodactylus tuberculosus, Wiegm. Nova Acta Ac. Leop.-Carol. xvii. p. 241, pl. xviii. fig. 2; Dum. & Bibr. iii. p. 896 ; Baird, U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv. ii. Herp. pl. xxiii. figs. 1-8; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 43, pl. x. fig. 3; O’Shaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) xvi. 1875, p. 262. Discodactylus tuberculosus, Fitzing, Syst. Rept. p. 96. Phyllodactylus xanti, Cope, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1863, p. 102. Head oviform, much longer than broad; snout rounded, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit ; forehead concave; ear-opening rather large, narrow, oblique. Body and limbs moderate. Digits slender, the distal dilatation large, truncate, its diameter one half or two fifths that of the eye; the slender part of the digit with narrow transverse lamelle, about ten under the fourth toe, the distal one divided. Snout covered with equal granules; hinder part of head and temples with minute granules intermixed with large ones ; the scales on the border of the eyelid forming a rather strong denticulation. Rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with trace of cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals, the anterior, or upper, large and in contact with its fellow; six or seven upper and as many lower labials ; mental large, pentagonal, in contact with two chin-shields, which are followed by extremely small polygonal shields passing rapidly into the minute granules of the gular region. Back and limbs above with small unequal granules intermixed with large trihedral keeled tubercles ; on the back these tubercles are arranged in seven more or less irregular longitudinal series on each side of the vertebral line ; these tubercles somewhat variable in size, some- times nearly flat. Lower surfaces with small imbricate smooth scales, in 25 to 30 longitudinal series, and about 65 transverse series between constriction of neck and vent. ‘Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with small imbricate smooth scales ; larger, pointed, feebly keeled scales forming verticils on the upper part of the tail ; a median series of transversely dilated scales inferiorly. Light grey-brown above, with dark-brown spots ; a dark-brown streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye; tail with dark annuli ; lower surfaces white. Total longth «.......... 119 millim. FLCAG os sia.c he otda wes ee iF ert Width of head ........ en HOUS sasdstoworbhivecann AT - 5; OPO TENS Sete aa aoa ok 7 PGW WIND vss sages yi WA ae vacltcates ae re 54 ,, California; Central America. 80 GECKONIDZ, a, Ad. California. Capt. Belcher Fees b-e. Ad. & hgr. California. J. b. W. Fabert, Esq. [P.]. f-h. Ad. & hgr. Ventanas, Mexico. Hr. A. Forrer [C. ]. t-l, m. Ad. & hgr. Presidio, W. Mexico. Hr. A. Forrer(C. |. n-o. Ad. Tres Marias. Hr. A. Forrer[C. . Ad. Rio Montagua. O. Salvin, Esq. r. ey San Geronimo. O, Salvin, Esq. C1). s. Ad. —— 2. Phyllodactylus ventralis. Phyllodactylus ventralis, O’Shaughn. Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (4) xvi. 1875, p. 263. This species differs from P. tuberculosus in the following points :— Head narrower. Ventral shields much larger, in 18 to 20 longi- tudinal and 45 to 50 transverse rows. Mental narrower, and more produced posteriorly ; chin-shields on second row larger. Total length .......... 102 millim WIOOG 2 yc keene bb ee its eer Width of head ........ | OGY cin uiete aru sy ae OPO TID 5. texas ses Gy os PAIN BVA 34 Sykt are 2 A. EA sre eae PA si ae Jamaica ?; Nicaragua. a. Ad. Jamaica (?). (Type.) b. Ad. Granada. 3. Phyllodactylus reissii. Phyllodactylus reissii, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1862, p. 626. Agrees in almost every point with P. tuberculosus. The differences are that the scales on the hinder part of the head are uniform minute granules, and that the mental is almost entirely between the front pair of infralabials, which are hardly smaller than that plate. Guayaquil ; Peru. 4, Phyllodactylus pulcher. Phyllodactylus pulcher, Gray, Cat. p. 150. Gecko oa Ma Daud.), Wolf, Abbild, u. Beschr. merkw. nat, Pat rer ii, oe xx. fig. 1. yllodactylus tk Gray, Spicil. Zool. i. p. 3, pl. iii, fig. 1; m. § Bibr. iii. Discodactylus beliet, Fang Syst. Rept. p. 95. Head oval, much longer than broad ; snout rounded, longer than 16. PHYLLODACTYLUS. 81 the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit; forehead slightly concave ; ear-opening rather large, narrow, oblique. Body and limbs moderate. Digits slender, the distal dilatation large, triangular, the front margin being straight; the diameter of the dilatation of the fourth toe equals two thirds the diameter of the eye; the slender portion of the digits with transverse lamelle inferiorly, about ten under the fourth toe, the distal one divided. Snout covered with equal large granules; hinder part of head and temples with minute granules intermixed with large ones; the scales on the border of the eyelid forming a rather strong denticulation. Rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with trace of cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals, the anterior, or upper, large and in contact with its fellow ; seven upper and seven lower labials ; mental large, pentagonal, in contact with two chin-shields, which are followed by others passing gradually into the granules of the gular region. Back and limbs above with minute granules in- termixed with large trihedral keeled tubercles ; on the back these tubercles are arranged into pretty regular longitudinal series, ten or eleven on each side of the vertebral line; on the flanks these tubercles are so close to each other as nearly to overlap. Lower surfaces with moderate-sized imbricate smooth scales, in 22 longi- tudinal series, and 53 transverse series between constriction of neck and vent. ‘Tail with small imbricate smooth scales intermixed with larger slightly keeled ones forming rather indistinct verticils ; inferiorly with a median series of transversely dilated scales. gs TT eee rere eer rears 18 millim. Width of head ........ i DOUG asses alters «ae co ee BOT TOO) 6 62450 e ne ss 23° 45 PRG TMD ise chews 28 Tropical America. a, Ad. Tropical America. (Type.) 5. Phyllodactylus spatulatus. Phyllodactylus spatulatus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 176. “Muzzle elongate, depressed, extending anterior to the orbit once and one third the diameter of the latter. Frontal and nasal regions closely squamulose tuberculous, each tubercle as large as those that are scattered upon the occiput. Superior labials six, the last minute; inferior labials five. Symphyseal elongate campanu- liform in outline, succeeded by three or four transverse series of mental plates. The anterior is composed of three (median smallest), which are much longer than broad; the posterior are hexagonal. About twenty-five rows of abdominal plates, and twenty rows of elongate trihedral dorsal tubercles. Extremities coarsely tuber- & 82 GECKONIDZ. culous. Length of head to angle of mandible 8 lines; from this point to vent 1 inch 9 lines; of hinder extremity 1 inch; tail? Above pale yellowish ; a dark brown line from orbit to shoulder ; dark brown longitudinal lines, which inosculate on the nape and anterior dorsal region ; on the posterior dorsal and sacral they form cross bands, Extremities banded. Beneath immaculate.” Barbadoes. 6. Phyllodactylus galapagoensis. Phyllodactylus galapagensis, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1869, p. 720. Head oval, much longer than broad; snout rounded, a little longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the ear-opening ; forehead slightly concave; ear-opening narrow, vertical. Body and limbs moderate. Basal part of the digits moderately depressed, with transverse lamelle inferiorly ; digital’ expansions not much wider, rounded. Snout covered with large granular scales ; hinder part of head with minute granules, among which larger ones are scattered. Rostral subpentagonal, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals ; seven upper and six lower labials; mental large, pentagonal, in contact with two chin-shields, which are followed by smaller ones passing gradually into the minute granules of the throat. Back covered with minute granules ; small keeled tubercles form six very regular longitudinal series on each side of the vertebral line, this arrangement resembling that seen in Gymnodactylus pelagicus. Belly with small imbricate smooth scales. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with smooth imbricate scales, larger inferiorly but not forming a regular median series. Grey-brown above, with darker markings ; a rather indistinct dark streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye; tail with dark annuli above; lower surfaces brownish white. Voted 10ngt: ss ease 74 millim PROB oie. le 2g Wok an i dt oer Width of head ........ eer fo gay Dts mean ares ii, ee ee BOR VIMO va eG ee cf ore Pin WMD Se ac sates 182% OI. Gog tek ata eee eas 40 ,, Galapagos Islands. a-b, Ad.? Charles Island. Commander Cookson [P.]. 7. Phyllodactylus nigrofasciatus. Phyllodactylus nigrofasciatus, Cope, Proc. Amer. Philos, Soc. xvii. 1877, p. 36. ‘«‘ The large dermal tubercles are not prominent nor angular, nor 16. PHYLLODACTYLUS. 83 arranged in regular longitudinal rows. They are round, and very distinct from the small round scales between them, and not almost assimilated to them as in P.inaqualis. There are eight superior labials to below the pupil of the eye. The mental scutum is very large and urceolate; it has two lateral and a short posterior median facet, each one corresponding to a scutum; the anterior of these is the first labial, which is about twice as large as the scutum that follows it. Behind these is a transverse row of five subround scales, of which the median is in contact with the mental, The next row embraces eight, arranged in an undulating manner. The scales diminish but slowly to the size of the gulars. The toes are slender as in P. microphyllus, but the expansions are large as in P. inequalis. When the limbs are appressed to the side, the elbow reaches the base of the toes in this species, but only to their tips in P. inequalis; the length of the toes in P. microphyllus is intermediate. The ground-colour is very light, brilliantly white on the inferior surfaces. Between the axilla and groin the back is crossed above by six narrow black cross bands. These bifurcate or break up on the sides; the axillar band breaks up on the back, and two anterior to it are represented by spots. A broad dark band passes from the nostril through the eye and breaks up on the sides of the neck. Limbs indistinctly cross-barred.” Length to vent ........ 43 millim. Length to ear.......... i ts Dae Width of head atears ... 7 ,, Length of forelimb .... 14 ,, Length of hindlimb .... 21 ,, Chimbote Valley, Peru. 8. Phyllodactylus inzqualis. Phyllodactylus inzequalis, Cope, Journ. Ac. Philad, (2) viii. 1876, p. 174. “Scales of back and sides subequal, the former of unequal sizes but without elevated or keeled tubercles. Ventral scales larger, subround, smooth, those bordering the vent in front smaller. Muzzle with convex scales larger than those on the occiput. Labials to below the pupil, six above ; below five, followed by three others ; the inferior first three are the larger. Mental scutum longer than wide, angulate behind, with an oval scute on each side of the angle, ~ which meet at an angle, each on the middle line. Behind these are round scales from which others graduate into the granules of the throat. Meatus auditorius a very small slit. Eye contained nearly twice in length of muzzle. The fore limbs extended reach the front of the orbit; the hind limbs extend to the appressed elbow. Scales of the normal tail square and flat above, rounded and a little larger below. Above yellowish, with seven blackish cross bands from nape to groin, somewhat connected by oblique and longitudinal @2 84 GECKONID2. lines on the sides. A dark band from nostril, through eye, to shoulder. Limbs and tail cross-banded. Head with coarse blackish reticulation above. A brown spot on each labial. Below straw- colour, immaculate.” Length to vent ........ 38 millim. Length toear ........ Oo Length of hind limb.... 70 ., Width of head ........ 60 sy, Pacasmayo, Peru. 9. Phyllodactylus microphyllus. eee microphyllus, Cope, Jow'n. Ac. Philad, (2) viii. 1876, p- J “Small scales of the back and sides with larger ones scattered irregularly among them ; these are not very much larger, not keeled, but smoothly convex, and a little smaller than the smooth flat belly- scales. Gular scales granular; labials to pupil Z Mental large, convex behind, bounded by four round scales of small size. Scales of top of muzzle twice as large as those of vertex. Tail-scales uniform. ‘Transverse series of inferior side of the digits rather short; large plates of the end of the toes remarkably small, per- mitting the ungual phalange to project very freely. A row of prominent scales behind the thighs on each side of the base of the tail. Colour very pale, with a few very indistinct transverse shades ; in the young these shades are cross bars.” Total length .......... 101 millim. Length to vent ........ 48 ,, Length to ear ........ i 43 Width of head ........ 10 45, Length of hindlimb.... 20 ,, Valley of Jequetepeque, Peru. 10. Phyllodactylus phacophorus. Discodactylus phacophorus, Tschudi, Faun. Per., Herp. p.38 ; Girard, U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp, p. 300, pl. xxv. figs. 25-32. Head elongate, oviform; snout as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit; forehead slightly concave ; ear-opening narrow, vertical. Body and limbs moderate. Digits slender, scarcely depressed, with a series of transverse lamelle inferiorly, thirteen to fifteen under the fourth toe; digital expansions very small, longitudinally sub- oval, scarcely wider than the slender digits. Snout covered with small polygonal convex scales; hinder part of head with minute granules intermixed with round tubercles. Rostral four-sided, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above ; nostril pierced 16. PHYLLODACTYLUS. 85 between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals, the anterior largest and in contact with its fellow; seven upper and as many lower labials; mental large, bell-shaped, much longer than broad ; very small irregular chin-shields. Back covered with very small granules intermixed with large suboval, trihedral, strongly keeled tubercles arranged in sixteen longitudinal series. Limbs with imbricate scales and large tubercles. Abdominal scales rather large, roundish, smooth, imbricate. Tail cylindrical, tapering, with small imbricated smooth scales, larger inferiorly, above with rings of large, pointed, keeled tubercles. Brown above; a dark brown, whitish- edged streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye ; back with broad transverse dark-brown bands separated by series of white tubercles ; lower surfaces whitish. otal length: 3.440 cee 99 millim. HOGG 6 ovate Scans gas 14 Width of head ........ oo BOOY se iuugaa deo ae cake ot ORG MIND yore oo wien iy ae MSG Tih neh eo ess oe yar 1A, ene ener eee 48 ,, Peru. a. Ad. Lima. Prof. W. Nation [P.}. b, Ad. Lima. J. M. Cowper, Esq. [P.]. 11. Phyllodactylus oviceps. Phyllodactylus oviceps, Boettger, Zool. Anz. 1881, p. 859, and Abh, Senck. Ges, xii. 1832, p. 475, pl. iii. fig. 10. Head rather large, oviform; snout acuminate; forehead concave ; eyes large, prominent. Body moderate. Limbs long, slender. Digits long, slender, with transverse lamelle inferiorly ; digital expansions moderate, trapezoid. Rostral trapezoid; fourteen upper and twelve lower labials; mental triangular, in contact with two elongate chin-shields, on each side of which are two smaller ones. Back covered with granules intermixed with roundish oval tubercles arranged irregularly. Belly with rather small roundish smooth scales. Tail tapering, covered with small scales and annuli of small spinose tubercles. Grey above, variegated with black ; back with four M- or W-shaped markings interrupted on the median line; tail with black annuli. POUAETONOUN Gre) << Sco es 76 millim. WICOG re egikte oe oir eee se 65 165: 5 Width of head ........ Doe Ag BOOY. seh «oan ane oe 23°5 ,, Fore Hin 3.400. eis doses Vee Hind Sah ise iin wees bo Manes Pans. onan dex Pee OL x Nossi Bé, Madagascar. 86 GECKONIDA. 12. Phyllodactylus sancti-johannis. (Pxare VII. fig. 1.) _ Parcedura sancti johannis, Giinth. Ann. §& Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) iii. 1879, p. 218. Head large, oviform, very distinct from neck ; the skin confluent with the cranial ossification ; forehead with a deep longitudinal concavity ; eye large, very prominent; snout longer than the dis- tance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening narrow, vertical, half the diameter of the eye. Body moderate. Limbs very long and slender. Digits slender, depressed at the base, with two rows of lamellz inferiorly, which are broken up into small tubercles some distance before the distal expansion ; latter subcordiform, moderately large, measuring about one third the diameter of the eye. Head covered with polygonal scales, elongate and feebly keeled on the snout and interorbital space ; temple with a row of four larger keeled tubercles, Rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and five nasals; ten upper and as many lower labials ; mental small, triangular, in contact with two large elongate hexagonal chin-shields; a smaller outer pair of similar shields and a second row of small polygonal chin-shields. Upper surface of body with irregular small flat scales intermixed with larger, oval, keeled tubercles; these are arranged in about eight irregular series along the back. Abdominal scales smooth, roundish, subimbricate. Limbs above with rather large, imbricate, keeled scales. Tail cylindrical, tapering, rather swollen in its anterior half, covered. with irregular smooth scales intermixed with large keeled tubercles arranged in transverse series on the dorsal side ; towards the end of the tail all the tubercles are spine-like, closely set. Brownish above; a black spot on the occiput; back with three broad transverse dark bands; tail with dark annuli above; lower surfaces dirty white. Total length. . 65 scene 117 millim. BIOAR i <3 Ace sects ait 19 Width of head ........ is’ OG ge trie dtatls /3 a's 2s Cs Pare oN: is xia esa 6. ss Be BUGG UOU 2 sid sa ccess Sa 55 SEMES ribet ed teens Boe Comoro Islands. a. Ad. Johanna. C. E. Bewsher, Esq. [C.]. (Type.) 13. Phyllodactylus stumpffii. Phyllodactylus stumpfli, Boettger, Ber. Senck. Ges. 1878-79, p. 85, and Abh, Senck. Ges, xi, 1878, p. 18, and xii. 1882, p. 472, pl. ii. fig. 9. Head large, oviform, very distinct from neck ; the skin confluent 16. PHYLLODACTYLUS. 87 with the cranial ossification; upper surface of head concave, the borders forming a ridge; eyes large, very prominent. Body mode- rate; limbs rather long. Digits moderate, with a series of trans- verse lamelle inferiorly; the digital expansions well developed, roundish subtrapezoid. Upper surface of head covered with rather elongate slightly keeled scales; the scales on the supraorbital region roundish, flat. Rostral trapezoid; rostral and first labial touching the nostril; twelve upper and as many lower labials ; mental triangular, a little broader than long, in contact with two much elongate hexagonal chin-shields; two other chin-shields on each side, and also several smaller ones behind, central largest. Upper surface of head and limbs covered with small granules intermixed with large trihedral tubercles, becoming almost spine-like on the hinder part of the back; these tubercles are arranged in six regular longitudinal series on the back, and there are besides many more, but irregularly disposed, down the sides; abdominal scales rather large, roundish, smooth. Tail cylindrical, tapering, with rings of large spinose tubercles. Dark grey above; a LJ-shaped white line enclosing the hinder part of the head; a light vertebral line, black- edged and crossed by four large black-edged light bands; tail with dark annuli; dirty white beneath; a violet-grey spot in front of the vent. Total length ...... .... 143 millim. DLO : ae New Hebrides. a, Ad. Aneiteum. J. MacGillivray, Esq. [C.]. * End of snout and lower surface of fourth toe, x 4. 90 GECKONIDZ. 18. Phyllodactylus guentheri. (Prats VII. fig. 3.) Head oviform, much longer than broad; snout rounded, as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; forehead slightly concave ; ear-open- ing large, oval, oblique, measuring two thirds or three fourths the diameter of the eye. Body and limbs moderate. Digits rather elongate; the claw more raised above the digit and more exposed than in the other species of the genus, resembling the structure in Gecko; the slender part of the digits slightly dilated, with regular transverse lamelle inferiorly, which are broken up into small scales some distance in front of the distal expansion; ten or eleven entire lamelle under the fourth toe; digital expansion small, roundish, measuring about three fifths the diameter of the eye. Upper surfaces covered with uniform granular scales, extremely minute on the back, larger on the snout and. limbs. Rostral four- sided, twice as broad as high, without cleft above ; nostril pierced just above the suture of the rostral and first labial, between both the latter and four small nasals; seven or eight upper and as many lower labials; mental trapezoid, not larger than the adjacent labials ; no regular chin-shields, but small polygonal scales passing gradually into the minute granules of the gular region. Abdominal scales small, smooth, roundish hexagonal, slightly imbricate. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with uniform small smooth scales, a little larger inferiorly. Light reddish brown above ; rather indi- stinct transverse dark markings on the back, interrupted on the vertebral line, which is sometimes lighter ; lower surfaces brownish white, speckled with brown. Total length (tail mutilated) 110 millim. BOO as biden side wdaren ane 23 yy Width of head ..-........ to.) Se OGY i srtin is dw ne oie en ees 66. Were TA: ade aca cae Be aes Bind lant cy cree ser. BO oc. Australia. a~c. Ad, Norfolk Island. F. M. Rayner, Esq. [C.}. d. Her. Lord Howe’s Island. Voy. of the ‘ Herald. e. Ad. Champion Bay, N.W. Mr. Duboulay [O.]. coast of Australia. 19. Phyllodactylus europzus. Phyllodactylus europeeus, Gené, Mem. Ac. Tor. (2) 1889, i. p. 263, pli. fig. 1; Bonap, Faun, Ital.,and Amph. Eur. p. 29; A, Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 41, and Arch. Mus, viii. p. 455; De Betta, Faun. Ital., Rett. Anf. p. 21; Schreiber, Herp. Eur. p. 485; Lataste, 16. PHYLLODACTYLUS. 91 Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1877, p. 467; Camerano, Atti Ac. Tor. xiv. 1878, p. 219; De Betta, Atti Ist. Venet. (5) v. 1879, p. 380. Phyllodactylus (Euleptes) wagleri, Fitz, Syst. Rept. p. 95. —— doriz, Lataste, l. c. p. 467. Head oviform, much longer than broad ; snout rounded, as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit; forehead concave; ear-opening small, round. Body short; limbs rather strong. Digits relatively much depressed in their basal part, inferiorly with transverse lamelle, the greater number of which are generally broken up into small scales forming three longitudinal series; digital expan- sion moderately large, roundish, its diameter half or three fifths that of the eye. Upper surfaces covered with equal small smooth granules. Rostral pentagonal, the posterior angle frequently trun- cate; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals, the anterior largest; nine or ten upper and as many lower labials ; mental broadly trapezoid ; no regular chin-shields, but very small polygonal scales passing gradually into the minute granules of the throat. Abdominal scales small, smooth, imbricate. Tail cylindrical, slightly depressed, tapering, prehensile, covered with equal small squarish scales arranged in verticils. Grey-brown above, marbled with darker and dotted with lighter ; a more or less distinctly marked dark streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye ; lower surfaces whitish. j otal length: «0. 080% 70 millim. SIGQHGS And denis wids ote iP) 3. Width of head.:......... eames DOGG 5 asks 04 wsct 58 HRS BO: MORs TMD: EN sea e 4, PUA PERN ost iis tienes eee GAL cree coe eee ee 3 | ee Islands of the Mediterranean west of Italy. a-f. Ad. & yg. Tinetto. Marquis G. Doria [P.]. 20. Phyllodactylus pictus. Diplodactylus pictus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1854, p. 615. Phyllodactylus pictus, Peters, Reise n. Mossamb. iii. p. 29, pl. v. fig. 1. Head oviform, much longer than broad ; snout rounded, as long as the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening narrow, vertical. Body short. Fingers and toes depressed in their basal part, with three series of scales inferiorly ; digital expansion scarcely wider, roundish. Upper surface of head covered with smal]. polygonal scales much larger than the dorsal granules, Rostral hexagonal, twice as broad as high; nostril pierced between several small scales, the anterior of which is the largest; nine upper labials; mental rather large, rounded ; a row of four small chin-shields, followed by smaller ones 92 GECKONIDA. passing gradually into the minute granules of the throat. Temples and upper surface of body, limbs, and tail covered with small granular scales intermixed with scattered, roundish, triangular, keeled tubercles, which form eighteen to twenty-two longitudinal series on the middle of the body. Lower surfaces covered with small imbricated smooth scales. Tail cylindrical, tapering. Upper surfaces with alternate yellowish-green and brown cross bands ; lower surfaces dirty white. Total length. ..oh so. hes 62 millim. WIAAG ys enti. coe vse wae LO” 45 Width of head.......... i: ame OGY apts ene ea atk 20. ig PORN. 5.0 oc caves Bees 10. 1 Hind Dine. <.a-0 5 p< deco i i ain ON eee tate mos eens as 26° 4, Western Madagascar. 21. Phyllodactylus lineatus. Diplodactylus lineatus, Gray, Cat. p. 150. Phyllodactylus lineatus, Smith, Il. 8. Afr., Rept., App. p. 6. Head oviform, longer than broad, very convex ; snout rounded, a little shorter than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, slightly longer than the diameter of the orbit; forehead not concave; ear-opening small, roundish. Body short. Limbs moderate. Digits depressed in their basal part, with three series of scales inferiorly, the central series of which is slightly enlarged transversely ; digital ex- pansion rounded, scarcely wider than the basal part, measuring about half the diameter of the eye. Upper surface of head covered with small convex granules, largest on the snout ; rostral subpentagonal, nearly twice as broad as high, with median cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three small nasals, which are generally not distinguishable from the surrounding gra- nules; six or seven upper and as many lower labials; mental pen- tagonal ; a row of small chin-shields, the two median largest, and in contact with the mental; behind these, convex granules becoming gradually smaller. Upper surface of body and limbs covered with flat, smooth, subimbricate roundish scales, as large as the granules on thesnout; abdominal scales larger, hexagonal, imbricate, smooth. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with uniform, strongly imbricate smooth scales. Upper surfaces greyish brown, generally with four or six dark-brown longitudinal lines on the back and tail, sometimes replaced by transverse undulated brown lines ; head generally varie- gated with dark brown; a dark line passing through the eye; lower surfaces brownish white. 16. PHYLLODACTYLUS. 93 Total length .......... 59 millim. Se ee reeree ee So 4 Width of head.......... ae 1 5 eee ee ee 1) ee BORO: DOD 6 8 foo ac eck in valor os MBG GIA 6 so cast bank jeer iy 1 a area arn arene ae 20 oa South Africa. a-b, Ad. Cape of Good Hope. Lord Derby [P.]. e8. ) c-t. Ad. Cape of Good Bane Sir A. Smite ri) Ow 22. Phyllodactylus ocellatus. Diplodactylus ocellatus, Gray, Cat. p. 149. Diplodactylus bilineatus, Gray, J. c. Diplodactylus ocellatus, Gray, Zool. Erebus and Terror, pl. xv. fig. 4 ; Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (3) xx. 1867, p. 49. —— bilineatus, Gray, J. c. pl. xv. fig. 3. Head oviform, much longer than broad; snout rounded, slightly longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, about once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; forehead not con- cave; ear-opening small, roundish or suboval. Body and limbs moderate. Digits short, depressed; digital expansions moderately large, rounded, measuring about three fifths the diameter of the eye; three series of tubercles under the digits, central more dilated transversely. Head covered with granular scales, a little larger on the snout; rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with trace of median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and four nasals, the anterior dilated transversely, the others very small; seven or eight upper and as many lower labials ; mental small, trapezoid, narrower than the adjacent labials; no chin-shields. Back covered with uniform, slightly keeled, granular scales, about the size of the granules on the snout; abdominal scales moderate, roundish, smooth, imbricate. Tail cylindrical, prehensile, covered with irregular smooth scales arranged in rings. Grey-brown above, variegated with darker and with more or less distinct light ocelli, arranged in two rows on the back; sometimes a light streak on each side of the head and back; lower surfaces dirty white, more or less scantily brown-dotted. OUAL TONE \so.9.6 has 53 millim. SAGO oy cd pats 85 Ga rks oe A Width of head ........ OB. DOGY sii oes esas Sec 23 5 Ore LM: so ek ede ees oe. , Hind Vin 3 5 Sales 2.7 3 si eae LUT Naas ges ee ADP 21 West Australia. 94 . GECKONID RR. a. Ad. Australia. (Type). b, c. Ad, Houtman’s Abrolhos. Mr. Gilbert [C.]. (Types of P, bilineatus.) d—f, Ad. Champion Bay, N.W. Mr. Duboulay [C.}. coast of Australia. g. Ad.’ North-west coast of Haslar Collection. Australia. 23. Phyllodactylus unctus. Diplodactylus unctus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1863, p. 102. “Scales rounded, flat, in about thirty-six rows on the dorsal region ; those of the muzzle smaller than dorsal, little larger than those on the occiput. Internasals in contact. Seven superior labials, including that under the pupil; six inferior, to the same point, the last two very small, the first larger than the second, extensively in contact with the first pair of mental plates, which bound the symphyseal posteriorly. Each of the former is bounded by three smaller, and these are succeeded by a few rows which diminish in size. Terminal disks with straight outlines. Tail without tubercles. Anal scales similar to the abdominal. Auri- cular opening as long as pupil. Premaxillary teeth five. Above grey, shining, with five broad, blackish, centrally-pale cross bands, from base of tail to interscapular region; a dark band from the muzzle through the eye, a cross band on occiput, and various irregular spots on the top of head and labial regions. Length from end of muzzle to auricular meatus 12’, from the same point to vent 4°5'"".” Cape St. Lucas, Lower California. 24. Phyllodactylus riebeckii. Diplodactylus riebeckii, Peters, Sitzb. Nat. Freunde Berlin, 1882, p. 48. Digital expansion with straight anterior border; seven trans- verse lamelle under the middle toe. Ear-opening a crescent- shaped slit, the convexity postero-inferior. Head covered with fine granules much larger than the dorsal scales. Rostral four-sided, almost twice as broad as high; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; eleven upper and ten lower labials; mental once and a half the width of the first infralabial, its posterior obtuse angle between two elongate pentagonal chin- shields, on each side of which there are three others rapidly decreasing in size. Dorsal scales flat, slightly larger than the ventrals. The fore limb reaches the end of the snout; the hind limb reaches the shoulder. Grey above, with blackish-brown spots arranged in cross bands on the back, in longitudinal lines on the nape ; broad cross bands on the tail; yellowish grey inferiorly, the- throat spotted and marbled with black. 16. PHYLLODACTYLUS, | 95 Total length .......... 290 millim 3 FT) NPS arenes i ar Width of head ........ Be. WY Bere ee tek sae ewe LUT 4 ME 1s eae a a Be sy PAINE PMO a ee ead 8k sa 10° 5 Ae Sc eee us eaaes LEO! Socotra. 25. Phyllodactylus gerrhopygus. Diplodactylus gerrhopygus, Gray, Cat. p. 150. Diplodactylus gerrhopygus, Weegm. Nova Acta Ac. Leop.- Carol. xvii. p- 242, pl. xviii. fig. 3; Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1862, p. 627. Phyllodactylus gymnopygus, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 394. gerrhopygus, Dum. &§ Bibr. iii. p. 399. Diplodactylus lepidopygus, Tschudi, Faun. Per., Herp. p. 38. Head oviform; snout rounded-acuminate, longer than the dis- tance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one fourth the diameter of the orbit ; forehead not concave; ear-opening small, oval, oblique. Body moderate. Limbs rather slender and elongate. Digits slender, with regular transverse lamelle inferiorly (thirteen under the fourth toe); digital expansion very small, scarcely wider than the narrow basal part, truncate. Upper surfaces covered with uniform, rather large granules. Rostral six-sided, with longitu- dinal cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three swollen nasals; nine upper and eight lower labials ; mental four-sided, narrow, much elongate, extending considerably beyond the adjacent labials ; no chin-shields. Gular region covered with minute granules, belly with moderate subhexagonal, subim- bricate, smooth scales; a large semicircular plate in front of the vent. ‘Tail cylindrical, tapering, rather slender, covered with equal squarish smooth scales, forming rings. Light grey above; head, sides, and limbs variegated with dark brown; five dark-brown bands across the back ; tail with dark-brown annuli above; lower surfaces white. LOTION RE: 8% caidas os 94 millim BROAN So edd kceue: «doe 12a; Width of head ........ ee DOUG itech dnekis +a 8o es POPE MIND: 4 cc siariee aus 46.) Bema ini ee eae i deers ROU is citeeianc) a ee ox Pe 44 Peru; Chili. a, Ad. Chili. 96 GECKONIDA. 17. EBENAVIA. _Ebenavia, Boettger, Abh. Senck, Ges, xi, 1878, p. 276. Differs from Phyllodactylus in having all the digits destitute of claws. Madagascar. 1. Ebenavia inunguis. Ebenavia inunguis, Boettg. 1. ¢. pl. i. fig. 3. Snout pointed. Body and limbs moderate. Digits with regular transverse lamelle inferiorly and large truncate trapezoid digital expansion. Head covered with small granules ; a series of conical tubercles from the orbit to the back; rostral narrow; ten upper and nine lower labials ; mental triangular ; no regular chin-shields. Upper surface of body covered with small granules intermixed with tubercles which are not much more than twice larger, trihe- dral, and somewhat pointed ; they form eight to ten irregular series along the back. Abdominal scales small, granular. ‘Tail cylin- drical, with annuli of large spinose tubercles, Olive-brown above ; a broad blackish-brown lateral band from the nostril through the eye to the base of the tail; the series of tubercles behind the eye yellowish white ; lower surfaces greyish, darker-dotted. Total length (tail injured) 53:5 millim. COG a5 a wae os tes 15. sa; Width of head ........ 6 - OOH Feds aia see 22-5 ,, Nossi Bé. 2. Ebenavia boettgeri. (Pxiare VIII. fig. 1.) Head very long, pyramidal, depressed; snout pointed, much longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and two thirds the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening small, oval, horizontal. Body elongate ; limbs short. Digital expansions well developed, trapezoid, separated from the infradigital lamelle by three rows of granules; lamella, ten under the fourth toe. Front part of head covered with small polygonal, elongate, tricarinate scales ; hinder part with small granules; rostral four-sided, very low, four times as broad as high ; nostril pierced between the first labial and four nasals, the anterior of which is very large and in contact with the rostral, the following smaller, and the two hinder ones not differentiated from the adjoining small scales ; eight upper and nine lower labials; mental campanuliform, small, smaller than the adja- cent labials; no chin-shields. Body covered above with small tricarinate granules intermixed with larger, roundish, slightly keeled tubercles ; these tubercles are about twice as large as the 17. EBENAVIA.—18. DIPLODACTYLUS. 97 scales on the snout, and form about twelve very irregular longitu- dinal series. Abdominal scales small, larger than the dorsal granules, hexagonal, juxtaposed, tricarinate. Tail cylindrical, reproduced in the unique specimen. Reddish brown above, with. darker dots and four rather indistinct dark lines along the back; a dark band on each side of the head, passing through the eye; lower surfaces brownish grey, with scattered brown dots. Total length .......... 61 millim. A IC™ Ba eee ocd Ae eee eee Width of head ........ ig ae i GH NE Beane OE aD 24°5 ,, ROrG is, Ses eats ore Mond: im 5 o5 ca see j tae ee d 0°} EO rar ea ee er oee 4 Madagascar, a, Ad. Madagascar. 18. DIPLODACTYLUS *. Diplodactylus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1832, p. 40; Fitz. Syst. Rept. 94. Pi ieladvias part., Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 388. Strophurus, Fitz. 7. c. p. 96. Strophura, Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 148. Diplodactylus, part., Gray, 1. c. Stenodactylopsis, Steindachn. Sitz. Ak, Wien, Ixii. i. 1870, p. 343. Digits free, not dilated at the base, slightly at the apex, all clawed, the claw retractile between two plates under the extremity of the digits; the basal portion of the digits inferiorly with trans- verse lamelle or tubercles ; the upper surface of the digits covered with uniform small tubercular scales. Upper surfaces covered with juxtaposed scales, uniform or intermixed with larger tubercles ; abdominal scales juxtaposed. Pupil vertical. Australia. . Synopsis of the Species. I. Back covered with granular scales intermixed with larger tubercles ; rostral divided; males with preanal pores. Supraciliary border and tail with long MENON sik a sii big ai Rees F kare BES 1. ciltaris, p. 98. * Diplodactylus annulatus, Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8.W. ii. 1877, p-97.— Palm Islands.—Nothing is said of the structure of the digits, and, from the other characters given, I doubt whether the species has been referred to the proper genus, H 7 98 GECKONIDZ. Tail with long spines ; no supraciliary MOB Es Seg Ba ont 50a 0's gia SY 2. spinigerus, p. 99. Tail without spines .............. 3. strophurus, p. 100. II. Back covered with uniform granular scales; males without preanal pores. A. Digits with large transversely dilated tubercles inferiorly. Snout as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening...... 4. vittatus, p. 100. Snout longer than the distance be- tween the eye and the ear-opening.. 5. polyophthalmus, p. 101. B. Digits with small round tubercles inferiorly. Dorsal scales small, granular ; rostral and first labial entering the nostril. 6. steendachneri, p. 102. Dorsal scales small, granular ; rostral and first labial not entering the nostril; snout acutely pointed .... 7. pulcher, p. 102. Dorsal scales large, flat; rostral and first labial entering the nostril .... 8. tessellatus, p. 103. 1. Diplodactylus ciliaris. (Pxrare VIII. fig. 2.) Head oviform, convex; snout rounded, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening and than the orbit; eye large ; ear-opening small, narrow, oblique. Body and limbs moderate. Digits much depressed, with large transverse lamelle inferiorly, five under the fourth toe, the distal incised, cordiform ; the plates under the apex of the digit large, together cordiform. Upper surfaces covered with rather large granules, intermixed on the back with enlarged conical tubercles, forming two irregular longitudinal series. Rostral subquadrangular, completely divided medially ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; twelve upper and as many lower labials; mental trapezoid, scarcely larger than the adjacent labials ; no chin-shields; supraciliary border with four spine-like scales, the second the largest, measuring half or two thirds the diameter of the eye. Lower surfaces covered with uniform gra- nules, which are largest on the belly. Tail short, eyclo-tetragonal, prehensile (?), covered with granular scales; on each side of its upper surface a series of long curved spines. Yellowish brown above, indistinctly marbled with darker; some markings on the head and some of the enlarged tubercles and spines black, the other caudal spines reddish brown ; lower surfaces yellowish, with brown dots. Motel leneth 5.6 oss 125 millim. fe ee 22 WOON Sk edie ts sgate sb 56 18. DIPLODACTYLUS. 99 Pore limb: 6 eS 28 millim. ge A rr re BO 4, iy 9s Rie a oe a ae” 55 A larger specimen, with injured tail, measures 85 millim. from snout to vent. North Australia. a-b. Q. Port Darwin. R. G. 8. Buckland, Esq. [C.]. 2. Diplodactylus spinigerus. Strophura spinigera, Gray, Cat. p. 148. Diplodactylus spinigerus, Gray, Zool. Misc. p. 53. Phyllodactylus spinigerus, 4. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 41, and Arch, Mus. viii. p. 467. Strophura spinigera, Gray, Zool. Erebus § Terror, pl. xvi, fig. 5. Head oviform, very convex; snout rounded, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, a little longer than the diameter of the orbit; eye large; ear-opening small, roundish. Body and limbs moderate. Digits much depressed, with large transverse lamelle inferiorly, about seven under the fourth toe, the middle ones chevron-shaped, the distal one heart-shaped, the basal ones divided into two rounded plates ; the plates under the apex of the digit large, together cordiform. Upper surfaces covered with minute granules, intermixed with few irregularly scattered conical spine-like tubercles. Rostral pentagonal, completely divided medi- ally ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals; thirteen to fifteen upper and as many lower labials; mental small, trapezoid, not larger than the adjacent labials; no chin-shields. Lower surfaces covered with small juxta- posed granules, largest on the belly. Males with a doubly arched series of eleven to fourteen preanal pores, and three or four large conical tubercles on each side of the base of tail. Tail short, sub- cylindrical, prehensile, covered with small granules ; on each side of its upper surface a series of long black spines. Upper surfaces olive-grey, speckled with black; the spinose tubercles black ; some- times a rather indistinct broad zigzag band along the back; lower surfaces dirty white, uniform or black-speckled. Fatal Wengty. iis cs seee’ 114 millim BGO ck Art tes chew ats iY meee Widitr of head. asae es | he DIAG fin aes Kons Rue ee ten Boy JUN ht 10 CUM a at ares ede OP RPO Se is Bae Hind Pen Be fas s Zee 9s OU zs gh ARR hee eee toe re 45 ,, West and North Australia. 100 GECKONID. a,b. gd & hgr. | Houtman’s Abrolhos. Mr. Gilbert [C.]. (Types.) o 2; West Australia. Mr. Duboulay [C.}. d, 3. Champion Bay, North- Mr. Duboulay | C.]. west Australia. ef. S92. Freemantle, North J.S. Bowerbank, Esq. Australia. . g-mn. 3 Q. Australia. J. S. Bowerbank, Esq. 0. 9. Australia. ~ 3. Diplodactylus strophurus. Phyllodactylus strophurus, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 397, pl. xxxii. fig. 1. Discodactylus (Strophurus) dumerilii, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 96. Differs from the preceding in the absence of caudal spines and the presence on the back of large, round, obtusely conical tubercles forming two irregular longitudinal series, The ear-opening is still smaller than in D. spinigerus; and there are only ten to twelve labials. ‘The head is not black-speckled, but has dark undulated longitudinal lines, a lower passing through the eye, and an upper meeting its fellow on the snout. South-east Australia. a-b. 9. Sydney. G. Krefft, Esq. [P.]. 4. Diplodactylus vittatus. (Purarx VIII. fig. 3.*) Diplodactylus vittatus, Gray, Cat. p. 148. Diplodactylus ornatus, Gray, 1. c. p. 149. Diplodactylus vittatus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1832, p. 40, and Zool. Erebus & Terror, pl. xvi. tig. 3. Phyllodactylus vittatus, Dum. & Bibr. iii. p. 400. Diplodactylus furcosus, Peters, Mon: Berl. Ac. 1863, p. 229. ornatus, Gray, Zool. Erebus § Terror, pl. xvi. fig. 2. Head short, very convex ; snout rounded-acuminate, measuring the diameter of the orbit or the distance between the eye and the ear-opening ; latter rather small, round. Body short; limbs moderate. Digits short, depressed, with small apical dilatation, inferiorly with a series of large transversely oval tubercles, some of them breaking up into two rounded tubercles; the extremity of the digit is raised and bears inferiorly two roundish plates separated from the large tubercles of the basal part by three or four rows of small granules. Upper surfaces covered with uniform small granular scales. Rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the fixst labial, and five or six nasals, the anterior or upper largest and generally in contact with its fellow, the others granular; ten or eleven upper and as many lower labials; mental trapezoid, a little larger than the adjacent labials; no chin-shields. Abdominal scales granular, scarcely larger than those on the upper surfaces. Tail short, swollen, root-shaped, with rings of uniform small squarish * Lower surface of foot, x2. 18. DIPLODACTYLUS. 101 scales. Male with a small group of conical tubercles on each side the base of the tail. Brown above; a light dark-edged festooned vertebral band, bifurcating on the nape, sometimes broken up into angular spots; sides and limbs with light spots; lower surfaces dirty white. Total length ........... 88 millim BROAE i ee iodis ae tre Width of head ........ 5 hy See POG area 40 ,, BORO DIG. wis 4 ak ales i) ase Uc Ete By Chol seer ee meee ees 24 de eee neers | er Australia. eee Australia. A. aca ary Esq. [P.]. b. dS. Houtman’s Abrolhos, Mr. Gilbert fC.], (Type of D. ornatus.) G2, W. Australia. G. F. Moore, Esq. [P.]. d. 9. Champion Bay, N.W. Mr. Duboulay (Ct Australia. @ 3. Sydney. Fgh. 3,2,& yg. Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. % d. Australia. Godeffroy Museum, k. 9. Australia. 5. Diplodactylus polyophthalmus. (Puarx VIII. fig. 4.*) Di ee polyophthalmus, Giinth, Ann. § Mag. N. H. (8) xx. 867, p. 4 (Edura Las Dees jun.?, Gray, Zool. Erebus § Terror, pl. xvi. fig. 1. Very closely allied to the preceding, from which it differs in the following points :—Snout a little longer; digits narrower and longer ; the infradigital tubercles smaller, rounded or shortly oval. Brown above, reticulated with darker, and ‘with more or less regular roundish light spots; lower surfaces white. Toval length vies ae ya 73 millim. 1 Cs ee ae ea ar eae ayes igs Width of head ........ LO Body rts uawin Se ra HOME MUM s as von ee ek 1G. PL IND he ee ere 20>, POM, gu ge es a6 North-west Australia. a Champion Ba Mr. Duboula b. te. Nicol Bay m Mr. Duboule> tC +t (Types) ed. W. Australia. Mr. Duboulay ted. d. 3. N. Australia. ai Australia. J>S. Bowerbank, Esq. * Lower surface of foot, 3. 102 G@ECKONID. 6. Diplodactylus steindachneri. (Pxare VIII. fig. 5.) Head short, very convex ; snout rounded-acuminate, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, scarcely longer than the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening small, round. Body short; limbs moderate. Digits rather short, not much depressed, inferiorly with small, irregularly arranged tubereles ; apical dilata- tion small, the inferior plates rounded. Upper surfaces covered with minute granular scales, a little larger on the snout. Rostral twice as broad as high, without median cleft, emarginate poste- riorly to receive a small lozenge-shaped plate bounded posteriorly by the large supero-anterior nasals; latter in contact; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and five nasals ; eleven upper and as many lower labials ; mental trapezoid, moderate ; no chin-shields. Border of the upper eyelid with a fringe of conical scales. Abdominal scales very small, granular, considerably larger than the dorsal granules. Male with two conical scales on each side the base of the tail. Light brown above; a broad lighter, black-edged vertebral line, bifureating on the neck, where it encloses a large rhomboidal black-edged spot ; three black-edged ocelli on the light vertebral band, two on the back, one on the base of the tail ; a whitish, dark-edged streak from axilla to groin; sides with small light spots; lower surfaces white. POUL SONU core ks 60 millim MIGDE rt Sea wiaret ys ag kia i ee Width of head ........ hear BOOS 02 aie es Cpa ess BO: - 5, Wore HM. 36054 sac os Coo PEG TO fais orn eto, 21°5 ,, Tail (reproduced) ...... in, New South Wales. a 3. Sydney. Museum Godeffroy. 7. Diplodactylus pulcher. Stenodactylopsis pulcher, Steindachn. Sitzb. Ak. Wien, xii. i. 1870, p. 343, pl. 11. figs. 3-5. Head short, very convex ; snout acutely pointed, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening minute. Body moderate ; limbs rather long, slender. Digits not much depressed, inferiorly with small round tubercles ; the apex not dilated, with two oval plates inferiorly. Upper surfaces covered with small granular scales, largest on the middle of the back. Rostral large, high, subpenta- gonal, with emarginate posterior border, and trace of median cleft ; nostril pierced between five or six nasals, the anterior and the inferior larger ; a polygonal plate behind the rostral between the nasals ; eleven or twelve upper and as many lower labials, the 18. DIPLODACTYLUS. 103 anterior larger, the others very small; mental subpyramidal, twice as long as the adjacent labials; no chin-shields. Abdominal scales very small, granular, smaller than the granules on the middle of the back. ‘Tail short, swollen, root-shaped, with rings of small subquadrangular convex scales largest above. Male with a group of conical scales on each side the base of the tail. Reddish brown above, with irregular dark-edged light transverse spots on the back and tail; sides dotted with whitish ; lower surfaces white. Total length .......... 70 millim et Ue ee ane eee tS acy Width of head ........ er OU Vaccines tanec ee Bo 4; POCO DUA sas das esc stuns cy eee Bene tan ore 2Oe 2%. EARLS cea peak ee Baers 20. 4% West Australia. ao. N.W. Australia. 8. Diplodactylus tessellatus. (Puare VIII. fig. 6.) Stenodactylopsis tessellatus, Giinth. Zool. Erebus § Terror, p. 16. Head large, oviform, very convex; snout rounded, as long as the diameter of the orbit or the distance between the eye and the ear-opening ; latter small, round. Body short; limbs long, slender. Digits rather long, slender, feebly depressed, not dilated at the end, inferiorly with small granules ; apical plates small, oval. Head with small granular scales; rostral four-sided, emarginate above, more than twice as broad as high, with trace of median cleft ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and six nasals ; latter, anterior larger, posterior very small granules; nine upper and ten lower labials; mental elongate, not larger than the adjacent labials; no chin-shields. Back covered with flat tessellated juxtaposed scales, much larger on the middle of the back. Abdominal scales flat, subimbricate, not half the size of the larger dorsal scales. Male with a group of conical tubercles on each side the base of the tail. Greyish white above, with faint irregular brownish variegation ; white beneath. ‘LObAM letgth 5 4 ican ns 69 millim. POOR Go tas Bonn Ui coric dg i eee Width of head. is... 35 ee OGY orks osha gts shia S34: 4; Ore IO: aie skeet k Ges 10s Us SRST ME rs ee ee, 23° 4; Tail (reproduced) ...... 4 er Australia, ao. Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. (Type.) 104 GECKONID®, 19. @DURA. CEdura, Gray, Zool. Misc. 1842, p. 52, and Cat. Liz. p. 147. Phyllodactylus, part., Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 388. Pachyurus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 94. _ Digits free, all clawed, dilated at the base, with raised distal joint bearing a discoid dilatation; latter with two large plates inferiorly, separated by a longitudinal groove in which the claw is retractile ; basal expansion inferiorly with paired lamella. Upper surfaces covered with homogeneous juxtaposed scales; abdominal scales juxtaposed or slightly imbricate. Pupil vertical. Australia. Synopsis of the Species. I. Dorsal scales flat, about as large as ventrals. Tail much depressed, short, at least as broad as the body; first infralabials in con- tact behind the mental...............: 1. marmorata, p. 104, Tail slightly depressed, much narrower than the body ; first infralabials separated.... 2. ocellata, p. 105. II. Dorsal scales small, convex, granular. Four divided lamelle under the median toes ; tail much depressed ; males with preanal POT 1 la. pu Ve ais Kos eae es 3. robusta, p. 106. Two or three divided lamelle under the median toes; tail depressed; no preanal DORR Sees oc eet gO lav eee ta ceo 4, lesueurit, p. 107. Two or three divided lamelle under the median toes; tail cylindrical ; body much elongate; males with preanal pores .... 5. rhombifer, p. 107. TII. Dorsal scales flat, smaller than ventrals, Only one divided lamella at the end of the antepenultimate phalange ............ 6. verrillii, p. 108. 1. @dura marmorata. (Pate IX. fig. 2.*) CEdura marmorata, Gray, Cat. p. 147. (Edura marmorata, Gray, Zool, Misc. p. 52, and Zool. Erebus &§ Terror, pl. xvi. fig. 4. Head large, much depressed, oviform; snout as long as tha distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; ear-opening oblique, half the diameter of the eye. Body moderately elongate, much depressed. Limbs moderate. Digits strongly dilated, as broad as the apical expansion ; latter large, ———7 * Chin. 19. a@puRA. 105 — rounded, broader than long ; four or five pairs of broad infradigital plates under the median toes, followed by three or four undivided ones. Head covered with uniform, roundish, small flat scales ; rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and four nasals, the two upper large, the anterior in contact with its fellow on the other side; ten or eleven upper and nine or ten lower labials ; mental triangular, shorter than the adjacent labials, which are in contact behind it; a small median chin-shield. Back covered with juxtaposed flat round scales, larger than those on the head, arranged in regular transverse series; these scales become much smaller on the flanks; abdominal scales juxtaposed, flat, hexagonal, about the same size as the dorsal scales. Males with seventeen pranal pores, forming a gently curved series interrupted in the middle. ‘Tail thick, short, much depressed, oval, the end tapering into a point; its width is contained twice or twice and a half in its length, and equals at least the width of the body; it is covered with’ equal square scales, arranged like the bricks of a wall; males with two or three large tubercles on each side the base of the tail. Dark brown above, with whitish spots and cross bands ; latter not half as wide as the interspace between them, five on body, anterior on neck, posterior on sacrum ; lower surfaces white. Totabilongt 2.65 i.00 c6 143 millim. SON hy akicuhen eat et See Width of head ........ a, 8 Gin Remap a te Weer me ae Cee. MoreMy. acts es ri ae BENIN LIRIINS fos. cass ee sce oe ae BR Sei ale ow uae wai 43° North Australia. a-f. ; Port Essington. Mr. Gilbert [C.]. (Types. gy: To ? . Port Racnpti. J.B. J ae, PP , a 2. Australia. Lord Derby [P. }. Hl. SQ. Australia, Haslar Collection. m. Hgr. Australia. 2. dura ocellata, (Prare IX. fig. 1.) Closely allied to the preceding; distinguished by the following . characters :—Anterior infralabials not meeting behind the mental, which is truncate posteriorly and in contact with a small chin- shield hardly distinguishable from the neighbouring scales. Tail cylindrical, slightly depressed, tapering, its width contained five or six times in its length, much narrower than the body. Upper surfaces reticulated with brown and whitish, and with more or less distinct light, dark-edged ocelli. The male has nineteen preeanal pores. f 106 GECKONID, TIOGA ee se ree ae Width of head ........ 165 ,, BODY ii nk t co ek Se RR aa HOTA ED 2455 os Awe eee Zo; Pid imo. sy oe S2 ss REL ieee a bee wea hin aes se Dey Australia, ao. Australia. b,c, d,e, f. 2. Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. 3. dura robusta. (Pra X. fig. 1.) ‘Head oviform, much depressed; snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening suboval, oblique, half the diameter of the eye. Body moderately elongate,depressed. Limbs strong. Digits as in @. marmorata. Upper surfaces covered with small granular scales, a little larger on the snout. Rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and four nasals ; eleven or twelve upper and as many lower labials; mental small, triangular; no regular chin-shields, but small polygonal scales passing gradually into the minute granules of the gular region. Abdominal scales hexagonal, smooth, subimbricate, much larger than the dorsal scales. Males with fifteen or seventeen preanal pores arranged in a transverse series interrupted in the middle. Tail much depressed, tapering to a point, when intact about five times as long as broad, narrower than the body ; it is covered with uniform small flat hexagonal scales arranged regularly; three or four large tubercles on each side the base of the tail in the males. Brownish white above, with more or less distinctly »~< -shaped dark-brown markings or cross bands on the back, confluent on the sides, and enclosing large spots of the light ground-colour ; a dark band on each side of the head, passing through the eye; lower surfaces whitish. The largest specimen measures 80 millim. from snout to vent, but the tail is reproduced. The following are the measurements of a specimen with intact tail :— Total length ........<: 127 millim. PNORR coe latie ck atone 15+ %. Width of head ........ 145 ,, PO flint e ee ase sale 54. sC«,, BONO SOR oes oS yo es v2 - . mine MDs cs eka 2: BME. boca ht even este i ae Australia. 4, t..d 9. Australia. ¢,d. SQ. Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. 19. @pURA. 107 4, (dura lesueurii. (Prater X. fig. 2.*) (Edura rhombifer, part., Gray, Cat. y 147. Phyllodactylus lesueurii, Dum. § Bibr. ili. p. 392. Diplodactylus (Pachyurus) lesueurii, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 94. Head oviform, depressed ; snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; ear-opening round or suboval, two fifths the diameter of the eye. Body and limbs moderate. Digits less dilated than in the preceding species, the basal dilatation not being quite as wide as the apical; the lamelle also fewer, only the two or three distal ones divided. Upper surfaces covered with minute granular scales, larger on the snout. Rostral four-sided or subpentagonal, about twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and four or five nasals; ten or eleven upper and as many lower labials ; mental small, triangular ; no regular chin-shields, but small polygonal scales passing gradually into the minute granules of the gular region. Abdominal scales hexagonal, smooth, subimbricate. No preanal pores. Tail de- pressed, oval in section, tapering; when intact its width is con- tained at least six times in its length; it is covered with uniform, small, flat hexagonal scales ; four or five large tubercles on each side the base of the tail in the males. Light brown above, variegated with darker; two zigzag dark-brown lines on the back, enclosing rhomboidal spots of the lighter ground-colour ; sides and limbs with small light spots; lower surfaces whitish. Total lengti: oo o3ssd sins 98 millim. BR eo pone ee 16"; Width of head.......... it ee GUS pe ty eave ens OO: as Fore linte oan er 1h or BUTI RR eesti a) SM EGIL ay es Gua Vas reo © ot ae Australia. a-b. 3 & hgr. Sydney. c-ef,g. dQ. Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. hi. og. Australia. _ Museum Godeffroy. k. 9. Australia. (One of the types of G2. rhombifer.) 9. Australia. 5. dura rhombifera. CEdura rhombifer, part., Gray, Cat. p. 147. (Edura rhombifer, Gray, Zool. Erebus § Terror, pl. xvi. fig. 6. Very closely allied to the preceding. Distinguished by the smaller head, the rather shorter snout, the more elongate body, the perfectly cylindrical tail, and the presence of preanal pores in the male ; latter ten to twenty. Pale brown, middle of back and tail paler, with a zigzag brown line on each side. * Lower surface of fourth toe, x 4. 108 GECKONID. ’ Petal lengtn - . 5 vs ss sea 90 millim. i: Ue Rear ck SP Ere hy eee Width of head ........ he ae Wang os) seca a ee ae en FOre limb sae eee 1 Thad limb -itutoe 95 soar igo fA gee ren rere 43 ,, Australia. a-b. SQ. Australia. (Types.) ce-d. SQ. Australia. ed. Islands of Torres Straits. Rev. S. McFarlane [C.]}. 6. dura ? verrillii. CEdura verrillii, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1868, p. 818. “The femoral pores in a series arched angularly forwards, and not extending on the femora. The plates of the under surfaces of the toes are, besides the terminal disks, one pair only, as large as the terminal, and at the end of the antepenultimate phalange. Labials regular, 8-7 to below pupil; two rows infralabials across chin. Rostral undivided. Gular scales granular; thoracic and ventral flat, larger than the fiat dorsals. Muzzle-scales tubercular. A tubercle on each side vent. Head as broad as from end of muzzle to halfway between orbit and ear. Colour very pale above, with six very deep brown cross bands from nape to sacrum, which are more or less connected on the sides. A brown band through orbit, and one behind, crossing the occiput. “Muzzle to ear 12”, to axilla 20"°5; axilla to groin 25” ; tail lost. Fore limb 13”; hind limb 18”.” Australia. 20. CALODACTYLUS. Calodactylus, Beddome, Madras Med. Journ. 1870, p. 30. Digits slender at the base, free, with squarish scales inferiorly, with large trapezoid distal and penultimate expansions, the lower surface of which is covered by two large plates separated by a longi- tudinal groove; all the digits clawed, the claw retractile between the distal plates; in the inner digit, the penultimate expansion is absent. Body covered above with small granular scales, intermixed with larger tubercles ; abdominal scales juxtaposed. Pupil vertical. Males without. preanal nor femoral pores. Southern India. 1. Calodactylus aureus. (Pare X. fig. 3.*) Calodactylus aureus, Bedd. 1. ¢. pl. ii. Head large, oviform, very distinct from neck; a strong rounded * Upper view of head ; a, lower surface of foot, x 2. 20. cALODACTYLUS.—21. PTYODACTYLUS. 109 supraorbital and canthal ridge ; five deep concavities, viz. a frontal, two postnasals, and two loreals; snout longer than the distance be- tween the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit ; ear-opening vertical, measuring half the diameter of the eye. Body not much depressed. Limbs long, slender. The width of the digital expansion measures about half the diameter of the eye. Head covered with very small granules, largest on the canthal ridges; rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, its posterior border concave; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals, the anterior large and in contact with its fellow ; twelve or thirteen upper and as many lower labials; mental as large as, or smaller than, the adjacent labials; no regular chin- shields, but small polygonal scutes passing gradually into the granules which cover the gular region. Upper surfaces covered with minute granules; back with scattered, scarcely prominent, smooth, round, larger tubercles, hardly as large as the ventral scales; latter flat, smooth, squarish, juxtaposed, arranged like the bricks of a wall. Tail long, cylindrical, remarkably slender, covered with squarish scales which are much larger inferiorly. Brownish white above (golden during life), dotted or vermiculated with brown ; lower surfaces whitish. ‘hotel length: s os.c 105065 169 millim. PEL Po akan tn as Orprasin oR me. Sy Width of head ........ feo oy ONY 6 Sei ce ne eens OG 43 POTS LN D See is ee nee SB seg Pind Pim S 6 ais 0a w asso 47 ,, MO Tek te tdi eane ek 80 ,, Southern India. a-b, Ad, Eastern Ghats. Col. Beddome[P.]. (‘Types.) ce, Several spec. N. Arcot. Col, Beddome os 21. PTYODACTYLUS. Ptyodactyles, part., Cuv. R. A. ii. p. 49. Ptyodactylus, Gray, Ann. Phil. (2) x. 1825, p. 498; Fitzing. N. Class. Rept. p.13; Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 143; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 20; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 96; Gray, Cat. p. 151. Ptyodactylus, part., Dum. § Bibr, iii. p. 375. Digits slender, free, with a series of transverse plates inferiorly, the extremity strongly dilated, with two diverging series of lamelle inferiorly ; every digit armed with a claw retractile in the anterior notch of the distal expansion. Body covered above with small granular scales, uniform or intermixed with enlarged tubercles ; abdominal scales scarcely imbricate. Pupil vertical. No preanal nor femoral pores. ‘North Africa; South-western Asia; Sind. 110 GECKONID. 1. Ptyodactylus lobatus. Ptyodactylus gecko, Gray, Cat. p. 161. Hasselquist, Reise n. Palist. p. 356. Stellio gecko, part., Schneid. Amph. Phys, ii. p. 12. Gecko lobatus, Geoffr. Deser. Fgypie Rept. p. 130, pl. v. fig.5; Aud. eod. loc., Suppl. p. 166, pl. i. fig: ascalabotes, / err. Tent. p Ptyodactylus lobatus, Gray Y, y oe ar (2) x. p. 498. en Sire Riipp. Atl. N. Afr., Rept. iy 13, pl. iv. gon pond Dum. & Bibr, iti. p. 378, pl. xxxiii. fig. 38; Boetig. Ber. Senck, Ges, 1879-80, p. 194. —— oudrii, Lataste, Le Natur. 1880, p. 299. General proportions varying considerably. Head large, oviform ; snout a little longer than the distance between the eye and the ear- opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit; forehead concave ; ear-opening subcrescentic, vertical. Body rather short, depressed ; limbs long and slender. Head covered with granular scales, which are much larger on the snout. Nostril pierced in the centre of a more or less marked globular swelling ; rostral and first labial generally entering the nostril. Rostral generally quadrangular, not twice as broad as high; twelve or thirteen upper and ten to twelve lower labials ; arow of chin-shields. Upper surfaces covered with granules intermixed with small keeled tubercles; lower sur- faces with flat, smooth, slightly imbricate, small subhexagonal scales, which are enlarged on the femoral and inter-femoral regions. Tail slender, tapering, rounded, covered above with very small scales intermixed with keeled tubercles, inferiorly with large im- bricated scales. Greyish or yellowish brown above, spotted with darker and with yellowish white ; lower surfaces uniform white. Total length:........ .. 135 millim, RUS Su iicees wees. 24, Width of head ........ i. re ULL Bene Orn te eete is Mere Fore Hae TSA yess es i PRG TMD 5565.5 09 0 9 is ane ae MHL, 5h es Cae Ne fie Algeria, Egypt, Nubia, Abyssinia, Arabia, Syria. a, ¢. Egypt. , J. Burton, Esq. [P./. b-e. 6 & hgr. Egypt. Sir J. Wilkinson “ip d. 9. E pt. A. Christy, E e. Q. : Dr. Anderson Cag. ps Between Khan Tubb Tusef Dr. Anderon [i and Ain Mellaha. g-h. SQ. Sinaitic Peninsula. H. C. Hart, Esq. [ C. }. a2; Mt. Sinai. kd. Jerusalem. Dr. Anderson [P.]. a: Jerusalem. Rey. H. B, Tristram [C.). m. 3. Mt. Hermon. Rev. H. B, Tristram [C.). n. Q. Dead Sea. Rey. H. B. Tristram [C.], 21. pryopacTYLUs.—22, THECADACTYLUS. 111 0. 2. Galilee. Dr. Anderson [ P.]. vo-s. 6 & hgr. Bou Saada, Algerian M. F. Lataste | P. ]. Sahara. (As typical of P. oudrw.) 2. Ptyodactylus homolepis. ol homolepis, Blanford, Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1876, p. 19, pl. ii. Generai characters of P. lobatus. Upper surfaces not intermixed with tubercles. Nostril pierced between three swollen nasals, neither the rostral nor the first labial entering the nostril ; fourteen or fifteen upper and as many lower labials. Light brownish grey above, with broad transverse wavy bands of lighter and darker shades; white beneath. POUAL IGOR 5.5/5.0 o eos 190 millim. LD *) UR aU aee Rene bemy roam ee Width of head ........ Se DOUG ia ede wearer ee 643 MO MY: es ba ease 48-5, and Bm ie as eee 60 GN Leia ot vctioetes eats 85 Sind. a-b, Ad. & hgr. Khirthar Range. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [{ P.]. (Types.) 22. THECADACTYLUS. Thecadactyles, Cuv, R. A. ii. p. 48. Thecadactylus, Gray, Ann. Prat (2) x. 1825, p.198; Fitzing. N. Classif. Rept. is 13; Gray, Cat. p. 146. Thecodactylus, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p.50; Wagler, Syst. Amph. p- 142; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 20; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 98. Platydactylus, part., Dum. § Bibr. Erp. Gén. iii. p. 290. Digits strongly dilated, more or less webbed, inferiorly with two series of regular transverse lamelle divided by a median groove, with a retractile claw sheathed in a groove between the anterior lamelle; the claw of the inner digit very indistinct or absent. Upper surfaces covered with juxtaposed scales ; belly with imbricate scales. Pupil vertical. Tropical America; islands of Torres Straits. 1. Thecadactylus rapicaudus. Thecadactylus rapicaudus, Gray, Cat. p. 146. Gecko rapicauda, Houttuyn, Verh. Genotsch. Vlissing. ix. p. 322, pl. ili. fig. 1; Daud. Rept. iv. p. 141, pl. li. Lacerta rapicauda, Gmel, S. N. i. p. 1068. Stellio pertbatns: Schneid. Amph. Phys. ii. p. 26. Gecko levis, Daud. l. ce. p. 112. —-— surinamensis, Daud. 1. ec, p. 126. Thecadactylus levis, Gray, Ann. Phil. (2) x. p. 198. Platydactylus theconyx, Dum. & Bibr. iii. p. 306, pl. xxxiii, fig. 2. 4 112 GECKONID&. Head large, longer than broad; snout subtriangular, slightly longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; forehead concave ; ear-opening small, oval, horizontal. Body and limbs moderate; digits sub- equal, half-webbed, the web being as much developed between the two outer; a rudimentary claw generally distinguishable in the inner digit. Head covered with very small granular scales ; rostral quadrangular, twice as broad as high, with trace of median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first upper labial, a large supero-nasal, which is in contact with its fellow, and a few granules; nine to twelve upper and eight to eleven lower labials; mental small, pentagonal; a row of small chin-shields, median pair elongate. Back, limbs, and throat covered with very small granular scales; belly covered with small imbricate cycloid scales. No preanal nor femoral pores. Tail, when intact, cylindrical, tapering, covered with very small imbricated scales, largest in- feriorly ; generally strongly swollen at the base when reproduced. Brown or greyish-brown above, variegated with darker and lighter ; lower surfaces whitish, immaculate. Total length .......... 195 millim. SIGRE oc Ss eee as 24 ,, Watth: of head. 0-52 sis OO as POO Sol see aha gies Sahel Sh. -:,; FOte (Db 5 50 eaten Os Pid PDS Ge a5 sets bo 36 5, aT pica ds nee Gea ces O05 South and Central America; West Indies. a-b, 3 Q. Yucatan. c. 9. Granada. d-g. 3 Q. St. Thomas, W. Indies. Mr. Riise [C.}. hd. St. Thomas, W. Indies. Capt. Sawyer [P.]. i-l. d, 9, &hgr. Sta. Cruz, W. Indies, A. Newton, Esq. 4 m. 2. Nevis. T. Cottle, Esq. | P.}. 5 Antigua. Zool. Soc. o-p. 9 & hgr. Anguilla, a rock near W, J. Cooper, Esq. [P.], rinidad. q:. 3. Caracas. r. Q. British Guiana. : & d- Surinam. Hr. Kappler [C. }. ‘2. Pebas. H. W. Bates, Esq. [C. ]. u-v. dQ. Canelos, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley [C.]. w-2. 3d. Sarayacu, Peru. W. Davis [C.]. y,%,« dQ. S. America. 2. Thecadactylus australis. (Pirate XI. fig. 1.) Thecadactylus australis, Giinth. Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xix. 1877, p. 414. Head large, oviform elongate; snout as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and two thirds the 22. THECADACTYLUS.—23, HEMIDACTYLUS. 113 diameter of the orbit ; forehead slightly concave ; ear-opening small, oval, oblique. Body and limbs moderate; digits webbed at the base, the web absent between the two outer toes; inner digit claw- less. Snout and forehead with large, rough, vermiculated tubercles confluent with the cranial ossification; hinder part of head with juxtaposed flat tubercles; rostral subquadrangular, twice as broad as high, with urace of median cleft above; nostril pierced between the first upper labials and several tubercles; eleven upper and ten lower labials; mental large, subtrapezoid, separating two pairs of small chin-shields. Upper surfaces with small, flat, juxtaposed, granular scales; throat granulate; abdominal scales not much larger than dorsals, subhexagonal, scarcely imbricate. A subtri- angular patch of eighteen preanal pores. A globular swelling at the base of.the tail, behind the vent, covered with large hexagonal scales. Tail cylindrical, covered with small flat square scales arranged in verticils. Upper parts brownish violet, marbled with reddish ; lower surfaces brownish white. Total lengethe. /. 5c wkists nels 167 millim. PROG sid eet tok hela as ry rr Width ot lead a0 55%5. ese. 20, DOUG oe reel lamnmaarme nied ee HORS UM eta ee eee ra) eee Pend Dinh os os scicas ye niga 40>, Lalo seal nares eG ies BS Islands of Torres Straits. ' a 3. Islands of Torres Straits. Rey. S. Macfarlane [C.]. (Type.) 23. HEMIDACTYLUS*. Hemidactyles, Cuv. R. A. ii. 2 47, Hemidactylus, Gray, Ann. Phil. (2) x. 1825, p. 199; Fitzinger, N. Classi. Bae 13; Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 142; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 20; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p.104; Gray, Cat. p. 152; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 100. ; ioe Wagl. lc. p.141; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p.106; Gray, Ll. c. . 158. Hemidactylus, part., Dum. § Bibr. iii. es 344. Boltalia, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 58, and Cat, p. 158. Hoplopodion, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 103. * H. flaviviridis, Riippell, N. Wirbelth. Faun. Abyss. p. 18, pl. vi. fig. 2.—- Massoa. H. angulatus, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1852, p. 63.—W. Africa. H. marmoratus, Hallow. eod. loc. 1860, p. 491.—Loo Choo. H. mortoni, Theobald, Journ. Linn. Soe. x. p. 32.—Pegu. H. sakalava, Grandid. Rev. Mag. Zool. 1867, p. G58 Madan jasene. H. tolampye, Grandid. Ann. Sec. Nat. xv. 1872, art. 20, p. 8.—Madagascar. H. tristis, Sauvage, Bull. Soc. Philom. (7) iii. 1878, p. 49.—New Guinea. Mythical species :—Crosswrus caudiverbere, Wagler, Syst. Rept. p. 141. Gray, Oat. p. 158. Hemidactylus sebe, Dum. & Bibr. iii, p. 373. I 114 «4 GECKONIDZ. Cosymbotus, Fitzing. 1. c. p. 104. Microdactylus, Fitzing. 1. ¢. Onychopus, Fizing. 1. c. Tachybates, Fitzing. l.c. p. 105. Pnoépus, Fitzing. l. ec. Velernesia, Gray, Cat. p. 156. Doryura, Gray, 1. ¢. Platyurus, Gray, /.c. p. 157. Leiurus, Gray. J. ¢. Nycteridium, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 111. Digits free or more or Jess webbed, dilated, inferiorly with two rows of lamelle; all the digits provided with slender distal clawed joints angularly bent and rising from within the extremity of the dilated portion. Dorsal lepidosis uniform or heterogeneous. Pupil vertical. Males with prieanal or femoral pores. Southern Europe; Southern Asia; Africa; Tropical America ; Polynesia. Synopsis of the Species. I. Digits quite free. A. Back with uniform flat subim- bricate soales ..........00.-. 1. homeeolepis, p. 117. B. Free distal joints of all the digits remarkably short. 3 lamelle* under the inner, and 4 or 5 under the median toe; dorsal scales nniformiy granular 6c. 5.645 0 46 2. bouviert, p. 118. 5 or 6 lamelle under the inner, and 8 or 9 under the median toe; dorsal granules intermixed with small round keeled tubercles ........0080c0se0s 3. reticulatus, p. 118. 5 lamelle under the inner, and 9 under the median toe; dorsal tubercles oval, subtrihedral, strongly keeled........ 4, gracilis, p. 119. C. Free distal joints of digits long. 1. Dorsal tubercles, if present, small, smooth, conical, or very feebly keeled. a. Less than 8 lamelle under the inner toe. a. Tail with rows of enlarged tubercles. Inner digit very short, with sessile claw ; no tubercles on hinder part of head.. 5. frenatus, p. 120. Dorsal tubercles small, convex or very feebly keeled; 5 or 6 lamelle under the inner, and 7 to 9 under the median * The infradigital lamella are counted longitudinally, those which are divided on the median line being reckoned as one. 23. HEMIDACTYLUS. 115 toe; male with 15 to 30 femoral pores CRD Pe So oslo ee Fed en bb ye 6. mabowa, p. 122. Dorsal tubercles pointed, conical ; on each side a feeble longitudinal fold on which. the lower tubercles are inserted .... 7. muriceus, p. 123. Dorsal tubercles round, smooth ; 7 lamelle under the median toe; male with 10 or 12 femoral pores on each side .... 22. kuchmorensis, p. 135. Dorsal tubercles, if present, quite smooth ; 6 or 7 lamellz under the inner, and 9 to 11 under the median toe; male with 12 to 16 femoral pores on each UE OMI Soe ia clear ona eres pote ok 23. leschenaultii, p. 136. 8. Tail with uniform small scales on its upper surface. No enlarged dorsal tubercles; tail oval ER BBCUOR. “eas ioe sb acersn ga fyi be mere 26. bowringit, p. 139. Back with numerous small convex tu- bercles; tail with sharpish denticu- Tafed lateral edge 8b sisie4 = eng een ys 27, karenorum, p. 140. No enlarged dorsal tubercles; tail with sharpish denticulated lateral edge.... 28. blanfordii, p. 141. No enlarged dorsal tubercles; tail with _ sharpish denticulated lateral edge; digits very slightly dilated ....+... 29. peruvianus, p. 141, 6. 8 or more lamelle under the inner toe. 8 to 10 lamelle under the inner, and 11 to 138 under the median toe; first labial entering the nostril.......... 24. coctei, p. 137. 11 or 12 lamelle under the inner, and 13 to 15 under the median toe; first labial not entering the nostril ...... 25. giganteus, p. 138. 2. Dorsal tubercles strongly keeled. a. Not more than 8 lamelle under the inner toe and than 11 under the median toe. 5 or 6 lamelle under the inner, and 8 to 10 under the median toe; tubercles small; no enlarged subcaudals; snout considerably longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening ; _ male with preanal pores only ...... 10. bocagit, p. 125. 5 lamellee under the inner, and 8 under the median toe; tubercles large; no enlarged subcaudals ; snout not longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening; male with preanal SEPOMODEG. 55 Hen are 6 eo ERTS N ee 11. sinaitus, p. 126, 12 116 GECKONID 2. 6 to 8 lamelle under the inner, and 9 to 11 under the median toe ; tubercles in 14 or 16 longitudinal series; male with preanal pores only .......... 12. turcicus, p. 126. 4 to 6 lamelle under the inner, and 7 or 8 under the median toe; tubercles in 16 to 20 longitudinal series; male with 10 to 20 femoral pores on each Ride (AiICAN no co ors odius se Olver. 13. brookti, p. 128. 4 to 6 lamelle under the inner, and 7 or 8 under the median toe; tubercles in 16 to 20 longitudinal series; male with 8 to 12 femoral pores on each SIMI CMGHON Dic a tins Sits rete tiie a 14. gleadovii, p. 129. 4 or 5 lamelle under the inner, and 7 or 8 under the median toe, the basal ones tubercle-like; male with 8 femoral pores on each side; back with pure WHI SDOUNs ile bese pa ka ne teens 15. stellatus, p. 130. 2 or 3 lamelle under the inner, and 4 or 5 under the median toe; tubercles in 20 or 22 longitudinal series ........ 16. guineensis, p. 131. 6 or 7 lamelle under the inner, and 8 to 10 under the median toe; dorsal tubercles large, in 16 to 20 longitudinal series; male with 12 to 16 preanal pores; back with dark transverse bands and rows of pure white tubercles 19. triedrus, p. 133. 6. More than 8 lamelle under the inner toe, and than 11 under the median toe. Infradigital lamelle obliquely curved ; dorsal tubercles in 14 to 16 longitu- dinal series; male with a few preanal POOR: ccc oa ace oa ee he aa. ey os 17. persicus, p. 181. Infrodigital lamelle straight ; dorsal tu- bercles in about 20 longitudinal series ; male with 19 to 25 femoral pores on POO OE cide puic oun sar eeiares 18. maculatus, p. 132. Infradigital lamelle slightly oblique; dorsal tubercles large ............ 20. subtriedrus, p. 134. II. A more or less developed interdigital membrane. A. A more or less marked fold on the side of the body, but no cutaneous expansion. 1. Tail cylindrical or quadrangular. A series of long, spine-like scales on each side of the belly; tail quadrangular.. 8. echinus, p. 123. 23. HEMIDACTYLUS. 117 Dorsal tubercles small, round, convex ; All OVIINOTICRL 6 336 Re oss ee 9. fasciatus, p. 124. 2. Tail depressed, flat inferiorly, with sharp denticulated lateral edge. Back with enlarged trihedral tubercles.. 21. depressus, p. 134. Back uniformly granular; digits very slightly webbed . 6.6. .ssece eens 39. garnoti, p. 141. Back granular, some of the granules slightly enlarged; digits one third Webbed .... cece eee eee cere wees 31. richardsonii, p. 148. B. A much-developed cutaneous expansion from axilla to groin. Digits nearly half-webbed............ 32. platyurus, p. 143. 1. Hemidactylus homeolepis. Hemidactylus (Liurus) homeolepis, Blanford, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 464. pl. xi. fig. 2. Snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear- opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit; forehead scarcely concave; ear-opening small, oval, oblique. Body and limbs moderate. Digits moderately dilated, free, with rather short distal joints; six lamelle under the thumb, eight under the fourth finger, five under the inner toe, and nine or ten under the fourth toe. Head covered with small convex granules, largest on the snout; rostral subquadrangular, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; nine upper and seven lower labials; mental large, triangular, more than twice as long as the adjacent labials ; four chin-shields, median pair largest and in contact behind the mental. Back covered with flat, subimbricate, smooth round scales, largest on the sides. Abdominal scales small, cycloid, im- bricate, scarcely larger than the dorsals. Male with four preeanal pores. ‘Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered above with uniform small, smooth, subimbricate, flat scales, inferiorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates, commencing some distance behind the vent. Grey above, spotted with darker; a dark streak passing through the eye; tail with black annuli; lower surfaces dirty white. Total length .....°.. 77 millim. ECOG «bss ctiaiswe a Kayes 104 5 Width of head........ eo BOty? ee vai tans eae sis vs ee ore WMD 65 .nuaeeoes LO. WING DMD. sis avacns ae 135 ,, 118 GECKONIDA. The larger, tail-less specimen measures 40 millim. from snout to. vent. Socotra. a. dQ. | Socotra. Prof. E: B. Balfour [C.]. (Types.) 2. Hemidactylus bouvieri. Emydactylus bouvieri, Bocourt, Arch. Mus. vi. 1870, Bull. p. 17. Hemidactylus cessacii, Bocage, Jorn. Sc. Lisb. iv. 1878, p. 211. Snout acutely pointed, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit; forehead scarcely concave ; ear-opening very small, round. Body and limbs short. Digits moderately dilated, free, with short distal joints; three lamelle under the inner digits, and four or five under the median digits. Upper surfaces covered with uniform rather large granules, smallest on the hinder part of the head. Rostral four-sided, not twice as -broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals ; seven or eight upper and six or seven lower labials; mental large, triangular, nearly twice as long as the adjacent labials; two rather small chin-shields, followed by smaller ones passing gradually into the minute granules of the gular region. Abdominal scales large, cycloid, imbricate, smooth. Males with two preanal pores. Tail thick, cylindrical, tapering, covered above with uniform small squarish smooth scales, inferiorly with a median series of trans- versely dilated plates. Light brown above, with transverse darker bands on the back and tail; upper lip white; a dark streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye ; lower surfaces white. Total length.......... 67 millim. PIGCOO os ns seek ee kk 10°." 5 Width of head........ fs » MOO) wide chine aes er 255 ,, Pore lm bs. 6.6085 oe 10 es Mind limb: 45000.5..¢: 13 3 PRUE Oo eel act ae he 31 - Cape Verde Islands. a 3. San Jago. Prof. B. du Bocage [P.]. (As typical of ZH. cessacit.) b-ce. dQ. S. Vicente. Rey.-R. T. Lowe [P.]. 3. Hemidactylus reticulatus. (Pxare XI. fig. 2.) Hemidactylus reticulatus, Beddome, Madr. Journ. Med. Se. 1870. Head short, oviform, very convex; snout a little longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening and than the diameter of the orbit; forehead not concave; ear-opening small, roundish. Body and limbs short. Digits short, free, with very short distal 23. HEMIDACTYLUS. 119 joint, moderately dilated ; five or six lamelle under the inner digits, seven or eight under the fourth finger, and eight or nine under the fourth toe. Snout covered with keeled granules; the rest of the head with smaller granules intermixed with round tubercles. Ros- tral four-sided, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals; nine or ten upper and seven to nine lower labials ; mental large, triangular or pentagonal ; four chin-shields, inner pair largest and in contact behind the point of the mental. Body covered above with coarse granules intermixed with numerous irregularly arranged, small, round, keeled tubercles. Abdominal scales rather small, cycloid, imbricate, smooth. Male with six to nine preanal pores forming an angular series. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered above with small granular scales and rings of six or eight large conical tubercles, inferiorly with uniform small imbricated scales. Brown above, with a network of darker lines; many of the tubercles whitish; lower surfaces whitish, the throat sometimes vermiculated with brown. otal length . ... 2.5... 64 millim. TIO Van eee ee Ss 10D" =, Width of head........ 85, DOUy Sassi hee mie BODin a Hore Wns...) oo8 eee 12 es Hind dab: -. 33 ee he 145 s; Tail (reproduced)...... 24 - South India. ab. SQ. Colegal. Col. Beddome [C.]}. (Types. ) c-d, e-g. 3, 9, & her. Shevaroys. Col. Beddome [C.]. 4. Hemidactylus gracilis. Hemidactylus gracilis, Blanford, Journ, As. Soc. xxxix. 1870, p. 362, pl. xvi. figs. 4-6. Head narrow, elongate ; snout a little longer than the distance between the eye and. the ear-opening, once and one third or once and two fifths the diameter of the orbit ; forehead not concave; ear- opening small, roundish. Body and limbs slender, feebly depressed. Digits free, very feebly dilated, inner well developed ; the distal joint short; five lamellae under the inner digits, seven under the fourth finger, and nine under the fourth toe. Snout with rather large polygonal rugose scales; hinder part of head with small gra- nules. Rostral four-sided, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and four nasals; nine upper and seven lower labials; mental large, triangular, more than twice as long as the adjacent labials; four large chin-shields, inner pair in contact behind the point of the mental. Body covered above with coarse granules intermixed with oval, subtrihedral, 120 GECKONIDA. strongly keeled tubercles arranged in about twelve irregular longi-’ tudinal series. Abdominal scales large, cycloid, imbricate, smooth. Male with six preanal pores forming an angular series. [Tail round, but slightly depressed at the base, and not at all further back, tapering, without any enlarged or spinose tubercles whatever. | Grey above, with subquadrangular black spots arranged in longitu- dinal series, confluent into lines on the rachis and sides; a black, above white-edged streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye; whitish beneath, specimen a with longitudinal grey lines. From snout to vent...... 36 millim. bs Vos RA ere ee ee aa Te 2k Width-0f Need , 8. Domingo. M. Sallé [C.]. 8d Dominica. G. F, Angas, . ¥.): t. d Madagascar, Dr. J. E. Gray [P.]. (Type of H. mercatorius.) u-v. Bd. Madagascar. Mr. Bartlett [C. ]. w-2. dO. K. Betsileo. Rey. W. Deans Cowan [P.]. a 3. Antananarivo, Rev. J. Wills (C.]. B. Several spec., ¢ 9. Johanna, Comoro C. E. Bewsher, Esq. [P. ]. Islands. yd. Zambezi. Dr. Livingstone [C. ]. 8.3. Shiré Valley, Zambezi. e060. 3, 2,& her Zanzibar. Sir J. Kirk [C.]. a. 9. Carangigo. Dr. Welwitsch [C.]. p-v, & Hgr. & yg. P C. Darwin, Esq. [C.]. 7. Hemidactylus muriceus. Hemidactylus muriceus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1870, p. 641. “Numerous small pointed conical tubercles irregularly scattered among the fine dorsal granulation. Tail with similar longer tuber- cles. Snout with larger convex scales, eight or nine infralabials. A larger chin-shield, followed by smaller ones, on each side behind the pointed mental. Ear-opening almost vertical, rather narrow. Chin and throat finely granulate. Ventral scales in the middle in thirty-three longitudinal rows; on each side a feeble longitudinal fold on which the lower tubercles are inserted. Grey-brown, with narrow M- or V-shaped dark irregular transverse bands; similar cross bands on the tail and limbs. Lower surfaces lighter with small darker dots, more numerous and confluent on the chin. Total length 86 millim.; head 13 millim.; tail 46 millim.” Keta, Guinea. 8. Hemidactylus echinus. (Prater XI. fig. 3.) Hemidactylus echinus, O’Shaughn. Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (4) xvi. 1875, p. 264. . Snout rather pointed, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and oné third the diameter of the orbit ; 124 GEOKONIDA, forehead concave; ear-opening very small, oblique. Body and limbs moderate. Digits webbed at the base, moderately dilated, inner well developed ; infradigital lamelle very numerous, oblique ; ten under the inner digits, eleven under the fourth finger, and thirteen under the fourth toe. Head covered with minute granules, largest on the snout, intermixed on the supraorbital, occipital, and temporal regions with larger round tubercles; rostral four- sided, nearly twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, a large supero- nasal, and several minute granules; twelve or thirteen upper and ten lower labials; mental large, triangular, its posterior angle truncate and in contact with a small median chin-shield ; four other small chin-shields. Upper surface of body minutely granular, with numerous small convex tubercles scattered irre- gularly ; on each side of the belly a series of long, spine-like scales. Abdominal scales very small, scarcely imbricate. Male with a curved series of eight preanal pores. Tail quadrangular, minutely scaled, the ridges with projecting spinous tubercles. Brown, lighter inferiorly ; a dark spot on the centre of the nape; a light streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye; some rather indistinct lighter mottlings on the back; a round yellow spot on the hind part of the thigh, close to the root of the tail; latter with darker and lighter annuli. Total length .......... 114 millim. NORGE Goat. oo eet Paras EG." vn Width of head ........ LS: BOGY = cnce eect wtine a ee 42 ,, Hore WO ch ice es es | a PING WHO. Sa ie se DBs. 5: Rg pre e R Pgs, meer Gaboon. ako. Gaboon. (Type.) 9. Hemidactylus fasciatus. (Prare XI. fig. 4.) Hemidactylus fasciatus, Gray, Cat. p. 154. Leiurus ornatus, Gray, l. c. p. 157. Hemidactylus formosus, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 148. Snout slightly longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one fourth the diameter of the orbit; fore- head concave ; ear-opening suboval, oblique, half or three fifths the diameter of the eye. Body and limbs moderate. Digits distinctly webbed at the base, moderately dilated, inner well developed ; six to eight lamelle under the inner digits, and nine or ten under the median ones. Snout covered with small convex granules ; hinder part of head with minute granules intermixed with small round tubercles; rostral four-sided, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals ; nine to eleven upper and eight to ten lower labials; mental large, triangular or pentagonal; two 23, HEMIDACTYLUS. 125 chin-shields, in contact behind the mental. Upper surface of body covered with small granules intermixed with small round convex tubercles, forming about twenty more or less regular longi- tudinal series. Abdominal scales rather small, cycloid, imbricate. Males with a long series of femoral pores, interrupted in the middle, composed of eighteen to twenty pores on each side. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered above with very small, uniform, smooth, imbri- cate scales, inferiorly with a median series of large transverse plates. Pale chocolate-brown above; a large U-shaped band from the eyes across the nape, two other cross bars on the back and one on the base of the tail, and complete broad rings round the tail, dark brown, light-edged ; lower surfaces dirty white. Total Jongth: 22 003%.00 172 millim 1S 7 Perna ner es 9 Rone Width of head ........ 5 er OY sidestep rine ns vn ast i) er WOPe BIOD- oy eee ea 26 Hind hb .g sic see's Deer gy OT cts aare. tee tie OD. + West Africa. a, 3. —-? (Type.) b. Yg. W. Africa. (Type of Leiwrus ornatus.) «od. W. Africa, Dr, A. Giinther [P.]. bd Ashautee. e. 9. Camaroons. f-9,h. 3, 2. & hgr. Fernando Po. Mr. Fraser [C.]. he Ps Gaboon. 10. Hemidactylus bocagii. Hemidactylus longicephalus, Bocage, Jorn. Sc. Lisb. iv. 1873, p. 210. -~— longiceps, (non Cope) O’Shaughn. Zool. Rec, x. p. 89. Head elongate oviform; snout much longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, about once and two fifths the diameter of the orbit ; forehead feebly concave ; ear-opening suboval or subtriangular, about one third the diameter of the eye. Body rather elongate; limbs moderate. Digits moderate, free, inner well developed ; five or six lamelle under the inner digits, seven or eight under the fourth finger, and eight to ten under the fourth toe. Snout covered with large keeled granules; hinder part of head with minute granules intermixed with small tubercles. Rostral four- sided, nearly twice as broad as high, with median cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral and three or four nasals, the rostral rarely entering the nostril; nine or ten upper and eight or nine lower labials; mental large, triangular; two pairs of chin- shields, median largest and in contact behind the point of the mental. Upper surface of body covered with minute granules intermixed with small trihedral, strongly keeled tubercles arranged in fourteen to eighteen irregular longitudinal series. Abdominal scales small, cycloid imbricate. Males with four to eight praanal pores, and a 126 GECKONIDZ. strong conical tubercle on each side of the base of the tail. Latter cylindrical, slightly depressed, tapering, covered above with minute scales intermixed with large spine-like tubercles forming six longi- tudinal rows; inferiorly with small irregular imbricate scales. Grey-brown above, uniform or with indistinct darker markings ; dirty white beneath. Total length 3.4.226-25.24 111 millim. iS 7s eee es ap away i Gee Width of head ........ 12 Body ics caters Meee en AD). 4, Hore. dmb: %.) 3-1 se aaa ss re Hind DM Di s35.) 1 oc ss 28) 65 LONE. ole Sie a pe yatta 54. —C«,, West Africa. a-b. dQ. Gaboon. c. Many spec.: 6, 2, & yg. Ambriz, Angola. d. 3. oe. gos Pungo Adongo. Dr. Welwitsch [C.]. e-g. dQ. Carangigo. Dr. Welwitsch [C. 11. Hemidactylus sinaitus. To be distinguished from H. turcicus by the following characters :— Digits very short and with fewer lamellz, viz. five under the inner digits, seven under the fourth finger, and eight under the fourth toe. Rostral not entering the nostril. No enlarged subcaudals. Nine upper and eight lower labials. Dorsal tubercles in fourteen longi- tudinal series. Four preanal pores. Grey-brown above, most of the dorsal tubercles white. Total length ..5.%..%.. 83 millim Teed os vena s ane aes c 6 ale Width of head ........ UP ag MOOG ist cauiesaae pores: 28 4, Hore HOD ssc gn ses £3) og Find TBO sien ots 1S aks PGI ls a Wicahels ties es 44 ,, Mount Sinai. ad. . Mt. Sinai. 12. Hemidactylus turcicus. Hemidactylus verruculatus, part., Gray, Cat, p. 154. Lacerta turcica, Linn, S. N. i. p. 362. Gecus cyanodactylus, Rafin. Caratt. Nuov. Gener. Spec. Sicil, p. 9. Gecko verruculatus, Cuv, R. A. ii. p. 54. —— meridionalis, Risso, Hist. Nat. Eur. Mérid. iii. p. 87. Hemidactylus granosus, Riippell, Atlas N. Afr., Rept. p. 17, pl. v. 1 ‘ —— robustus, Riipp. 1. ec. p. 19. —— verrucosus, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix, Syn. p. 50. 23, HEMIDACTYLUS. 127 Hemidactylus triedrus, Bonap. Faun. Ital. —— vyerruculatus, Bibr. in Bory, Expéd. Sc. Morée, Rept. p. 68, 1. xi. fig. 2; Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 359; Bonap. Amph. Eur. p. 29; ihe Betta, Faun. Ital., Rett. Anf. p. 20; Schretb. Herp. Eur. p- 487; Boettger, Ber. Senck. Ges. 1879-80, p. 192. —_— daca en Strauch, Erp. Alg. p. 28. —— turcicus, Boettger, Ber. Offenb. Ver. Nat. 1876, p. 57. —— karachiensis, Murray, Zool. Sind, p. 361, pl.—. fig. 2. Snout rounded, about as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one fourth to once and one third the diameter of the orbit ; forehead slightly concave ; ear-opening oval, oblique, not quite half the diameter of the eye. Body and limbs moderate. Digits rather variable in the length, the inner always well developed ; six to eight lamellae under the inner digits, eight to ten under the fourth finger, and nine to eleven under the fourth toe. Head anteriorly with large granules, posteriorly with minute granules intermixed with round tubercles. Rostral four-sided, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; seven to ten upper and six to eight lower labials; mental large, triangular, at least twice as long as the adjacent labials, its point between two large chin-shields, which may be in, contact behind it; a smaller chin- shield on each side of the larger pair. Upper surface of body covered with minute granules intermixed with large tubercles ; these are generally larger than the interspaces between them, suboval, tri- hedral, and arranged in fourteen or sixteen pretty regular longitu- dinal series. Abdominal scales small, smooth, roundish-hexagonal, imbricate. Males with a short angular series of four to ten (ex- ceptionally two) preanal pores. Tail cylindrical, slightly depressed, tapering, covered above with minute scales and transverse series of large keeled tubercles, inferiorly with a series of large transversely dilated plates. Light brown or greyish above, spotted with darker ; many of the tubercles white ; lower surfaces white. Total length ..... .... 90 millim. PROBUS oc tire eee dri s tas' 1c ee Width of head ........ 10°5 ,, Ody: tise tater ea Adee + Oa Pore dimbynccccmiass <2 iy Go BUG IND erases ais sass <3 re Tail (reproduced) ...... OTs Borders of the Mediterranean and of the Red Sea; Sind. a-b. 2 Mediterranean. R. Hannah, Esq. [ P.]. c,d-g. 9 & yg. SS. Europe. P, Webb, Esq. | P.]. h. Yg. arn Lord Lilford te} i. Yg. t. Santa Cruz, Algeria. M.F. Lataste [P. ]. k. Q. Algeria. M. F. fata [Ph lL. Marsala, Sicily. Dr. O. Boettger [P.]. m-o. 6 & yg. Sicily. T. Bell, Esq. Pp 128 GECKONIDZ. . Agr. Smyrna, J. McAndrew, Esq. [P.]. gt. 9 &hgr. Haifa. Dr. O. oe #, 2. Road to Euphrates. C. G. Danford, Esq. [ P.] ee Egypt. J. Burton, Esq. [P.]. w-z,a-B. SQ. Kurrachee. J. A. Murray, Esq. [P.]. (As typical of H. karachiensis, In the latter specimen (H. karachiensis, Murray) the body is more slender than usual, but the degree of elongation is a character too variable in H. turcicus to be relied upon for distinguishing a species ; the tubercles are also rather smaller, and the ground coloration is very light, the markings, especially the streak passing through the eye, being well accentuated. If these characters are constant, they may indicate a distinct race, but, in my opinion, not a species. 13. Hemidactylus brookii. Hemidactylus brookii, Gray, Cat. p. 153. Hemidactylus verruculatus, part., Gray, /. e. p. 154. Hemidactylus cyanodactylus (non Rajin.), Girard, U. S. Explor. Exped., Herp, p. 254, pl. xxxv. figs. 17-24. rookii, Gray, Zool. Erebus and Terror, pl. xv. fig. 2. —— aflinis, Steindachn. Sitzb. Ak. Ween, 1xii. i. 1870, p. 3828; Boettg. Abh, Senck, Ges, xii. 1881, p. 106. —— guineensis (non Peters), Bocage, Jorn. Sc. Lisb. iv. 1873, p. 209. Distinguished from H. turcicus in the following points :—Snout more pointed. Infradigital lamelle less numerous, viz. four to six under the inner digits, six or seven under the fourth finger, and seven or eight under the fourth toe. Tubercles smaller, likewise variable in size, in sixteen to twenty longitudinal series on the back. Ventral scales a little larger. Males with a long, frequently un- interrupted series of femoral pores; these number twenty to forty altogether. Eight to ten upper and seven to nine lower labials. Grey-brown above, with darker spots, which are generally large, quadrangular, and forming longitudinal and transverse series, or a ladder-like pattern on the back; a dark streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye. This species resembles also very much H. indicus, but is distin- guished by a smaller head, shorter digits, and a greater number of femoral pores. Total length .....5.%. 4% 118 millim. BIOOR hi iS es Deon 1G. Width of head ........ be MONE esos reer ee on ae a jh ee nid Fim «i.e ce ees 25g BME tie tea eae ees 60 3, 23. HEMIDACTYLUS. 129 a,b. Ss. Borneo. Sir E. Belcher [P, ]. oid: FAtstai Lord Derby iat (Types.) d, 3. ape Verde. ef. go & yg. Porto Praya. C. Darwin, Esq. [C.]. gd. Sierra Leone. H. C. Hart, Esq. [C.]. ) a Fernando Po. Mr. Fraser Ney ee Old Calabar. Mr. Rutherford [C.]. k-l. SQ. W. Africa. Mr. Dalton [C.). mn,o 3 Q. W. Africa. p. od. —-? T. Bell, Esq. [P.]. 14. Hemidactylus gleadovii. Hemidactylus maculatus, part., Gray, Cat. p. 153, Hemidactylus maculatus, Kelaart, Prodr. Faun. Zeyl. p. 158 ; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 107; Stoliezka, Jowrn. As. Soc. Beng. xxxix. 1870, p. 164; Blanford, tom. cit. p. 361; Stoliczka, op. cit, xli. 1872, p. 94; Anders. Zool. W. Yunnan, i. p. 800. ? Gecko tytleri, Tytler, Journ. As. Soc. Beng, xxxiii. 1864, p. 547. Hemidactylus gleadowi, Murray, Zool. Sind, p. 860, pl. —. fig. 3. Head oviform ; snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one fourth or once and one third the diameter of the orbit ; forehead concave ; ear-opening oval, oblique, about half the diameter of the eye. Body and limbs moderate. Digits moderately dilated, free, inner well developed ; infradigital lamellee with strongly curved anterior border, four to six under the inner digits, six to eight under the median. Head covered anteriorly with convex granular, sometimes keeled, scales, posteriorly with minute granules intermixed with round tubercles ; rostral subtetra- gonal, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals; eight to ten upper and seven to nine lower labials ; mental large, triangular or pentagonal, twice as long as the adjacent labials; chin-shields generally four, the inner largest, in, contact behind the mental. Upper surfaces with minute granular scales intermixed with moderate-sized trihedral strongly-keeled tubercles, the largest not measuring more than one third the diameter of the eye; they form sixteen to twenty pretty regular longitudinal series on the back. Abdominal scales smooth, roundish, imbricate. Males with a series of femoral pores generally interrupted in the middle ; altogether sixteen ‘to twenty-four pores. Tail rounded, tapering, depressed, above with small smooth scales and six or eight longitu- dinal series of large, pointed, strongly keeled tubercles, inferiorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates. Brownish above, spotted with darker ; a dark streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye ; lower surfaces dirty white. Total length .......... 117 millim POR cis Scace bind a rote i: eer Width of head ........ ib ers 130 GECKONIDZ. BOGS fieikewsvene ae Sees 44 millim Fore limb ...65<6s9sh3 i ar nd linb.25 6a.45.2s 000 24 «Ca, bE ora ST 3, East Indian continent ; South China; Ceylon. ad. India. Gen. Hardwicke [P. ]}. 2 oS. India. C. Bowring, Esq. [P.]. c-d. 3 Q. India. e-f. dQ. Sind. J. A. Murray, Esq. [P.]. (As typical of H. gleadowi.) g 2 dry. Lahore. Dr. Cantor. h-k. 32. Bengal. W. Masters, Esq. [P.]. | eo Bombay. Dr. Leith [P.]. m. 9. Poona. Dr. Leith [P. ]. np. dQ. Rajpoor. W. T. Blanford, Esq. ay gq, 7-t. dQ. Godavery Valley. W. T. Blanford, Esq. | P.1. u . Anamallays. Col. Beddome [ P. }. v. gr. Ceylon. W. Ferguson, Esq. [P.]. w. 9. Birma. W. Theobald, Esq. [ P.]. x Os China. J. Reeves, Esq. [P.}. Vie Ningpo. 15. Hemidactylus stellatus. (Prarz XII. fig. 1.) Allied to H. brookti and gleadovii. Snout considerably longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, pointed. Infradigital lamelle few, four or five under the inner digits, six or seven under the fourth finger, and seven or eight under the fourth toe ; only the distal of these lamelle are well developed, the basal ones being small, tubercle-like. Eight or nine upper and six or seven lower labials. Lepidosis as in H. brookii, the tubercles forming eighteen to twenty-two longitudinal series. Males with eight femoral pores on each side, the two series widely separated. Light chocolate-brown above ; most of the dorsal tubercles darker, the others pure white; two dark cross bands on scapular region, followed by others less distinct ; a dark streak on the side of the head passing through the eye; tail with rings of white tubercles ; lower surfaces white. Total length .......... 105 millim TIAA i ciieaueas ha eee: i i Saets Width of head ........ i ae PME GS ee epa ee aw ns or Ce Mere twnb 266 ees + or sr) EIOD) ccs es rac i's a eer epee i oe West Africa; a. ¢. Gambia. Mr. Dalton [C.}. b-e. W. Africa. Mr. Dalton tot 23. HEMIDACTYLUS. 131 16. Hemidactylus guineensis. Hemidactylus guineensis, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac, 1868, p. 640. “ Very closely allied to H. turcicus: distinguished by the smaller and more numerous tubercles, which form twenty or twenty-two longitudinal rows on the back, and by the small number of infra- digital lamelle, viz. two or three under the inner digits and four or five under the others. Ten or eleven upper and eight lower labials. The young has three broad dark bands across the back.” Guinea, 17. Hemidactylus persicus. Hemidactylus persicus, Anderson, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 378, fig. 2; Blanford, Zool. E. Persia, p. 842, and Journ, As, Soe. Beng. xlv. 1876, p. 18. Snout rather acuminate, as long as the distance between the eye and the upper border of the ear-opening, once and one third the diameter of the orbit; forehead concave; interorbital space very narrow ; upper eyelid strongly fringed ; ear-opening large, obliquely crescentic, the concavity being directed forwards and upwards, its diameter equalling three fourths that of the eye. Body and limbs moderate. Digits free, moderately dilated, inner well developed ; infradigital lamelle obliquely curved ; ten lamellae under the thumb, ten under the third finger, nine under the inner toe, and twelve under the third toe. Snout covered with large convex granular scales, largest between the eye and the nostril ; hinder part of head with minute granules, and scattered ones of a larger size. Rostral four times as broad as high (having fused with the anterior labial on each side); nostril above the rostral, between the latter and three nasals; ten or eleven upper and nine lower labials; mental large, triangular, twice as long as the adjacent labial, its point between two large chin-shields which are in contact behind it; a small chin-shield on each side of the large pair. Upper surface of body covered with small irregular flat granules and moderately large, trihedral, strongly keeled tubercles arranged in fourteen or sixteen rather irregular longitudinal series; the largest tubercles measure about one fourth the diameter of the eye. Abdominal scales small, smooth, rounded, imbricate. Male with a short angular series of eight preeanal pores. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered above with small, irregular, imbricate smooth scales and scattered pointed tubercles forming four or six longitudinal series, inferiorly with a series of transversely dilated plates. Dr. Anderson describes the colour as “pale yellowish brown, with six faint brownish transverse narrow dorsal bands, the tubercles in these areas being almost black ; a dark brown streak from the nostrils through the eye above the ear, with a whitish line above it ; lips whitish.” The unique specimen in the collection is uniform whitish (bleached?), Oke OUSUN A ese as oes 149 millim. TROAG iclethig Perea pe ees Io. Width of head ........ st eae 132 GECKONIDZ. DOOR isis Sb ei sea de 50 millim WOVE TUIAD 3) 555s kale a gs Hind timib 38 6s 225.8 OO” DORAL Naksdacts ans a,shacaeion SO: 4, Persia ; Sind. de Near Rohri, Sind. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. 18. Hemidactylus maculatus. Hemidactylus maculatus, | ete Gray, Cat. p. 153. Hemidactylus maculatus, part., Dum. § Bubr. iii. p. 358. — sykesii (Gray), Gtinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 108, pl. xii. fig. C. Head large, oviform; snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one fourth the diameter of the orbit; forehead concave ; canthus rostralis swollen ; ear-opening large, oval. Body and limbs moderate. Digits moderately dilated, free, inner well developed; infradigital lamella almost perfectly straight, nine to eleven under the inner digits, twelve or thirteen under the median. Head covered anteriorly with convex granular scales, smaller in the frontal concavity, posteriorly with minute granules intermixed with round tubercles; rostral subtetragonal, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above ; nostril pierced be- tween the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals; ten to twelve upper and nine or ten lower labials; mental large, triangular or pentagonal, twice as long as the adjacent labials ; two pairs of chin-shields, inner largest, elongate, in contact behind the mental. Upper surfaces with minute granular scales intermixed with mode- rate-sized trihedral, more or less strongly keeled tubercles, the largest not measuring more than one third the diameter of the eye ; they are arranged very irregularly on the back, in about twenty longitudinal series: Abdominal scales smooth, roundish, imbricate. Males with a long series of preanal pores, nineteen to twenty-five on each side, interrupted on the preanal region. Tail rounded, tapering, depressed, above with small irregular keeled scales, and six or eight longitudinal series of large trihedral tubercles ; inferiorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates. Brown above, with darker spots, generally confluent into transverse undulated bands on the back ; two more or less distinct dark streaks on each side of the head, passing through the eye ; lower surfaces dirty white. Total length .......... 244 millim. ia CS, ee eae rE S2- sy Width of head ........ 24 Wy caked he Bo.8 =) ee POO PEO oo. aac eels 10 - 1) BIEN a 5 avis 4 hes 5s ee Sele EAS sei ee eae 150" 3 India. ¢ 23. HEMIDACTYLUS. 133 a. dis Deccan. Col. Sykes [P.]. e of . H. hee Ow b-e,d. 3 Q. Matheran. Dr. Leith [P.]. e-k, SQ. Salem. Col. Beddome [C. ]. Ln. 3. Tinnevelly. Col. Beddome [C. ]. op do & yg. Malabar. Col. Beddome [C.]. 19. Hemidactylus triedrus. Hemidactylus trihedrus, Gray, Cat. p. 152. Gecko triedrus, Daud. Rept. iv. p. 155. Hemidactylus triedrus, Lesson, nm Bélang. Voy. Ind. Or. p. 311, pl. v. fig. 1; Dum. § Bibr, iii. p. 356, pl. xxviii. fig. 8; Kelaart, Prodr. Faun, Zeyl. p. 157; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 107; Stoliczka, Journ. As, Soc, Beng. xli. 1872, p. 93; Blanford, op. cit. xlviii. 1879, p. 124. —— (Tachybates) triedrus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 105. Head large, oviform; snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and two fifths the diameter of the orbit ; forehead concave; ear-opening large, suboval, oblique, mea- suring about half the diameter of the eye. Body and limbs moderate. Digits free, moderately dilated, inner well developed ; infradigital lamelle slightly oblique, six or seven under the inner digits, eight to ten under the median digits. Snout covered with convex granules, which may be keeled ; hinder part of head with minute granules intermixed with roundish tubercles. Rostral subquadrangular, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals; eight to ten upper and seven or eight lower labials; mental large, trian- gular or pentagonal, at least twice as long as the adjacent labials ; four chin-shields, median pair largest and in contact behind the mental. Upper surface of body covered with small flat granular scales, and large trihedral tubercles arranged in sixteen to twenty more or less irregular longitudinal series ; these tubercles vary some- what in size according to specimens, but the largest never exceed two fifths the diameter of the eye. Abdominal scales large, smooth, rounded, imbricate. Males with a series of preanal pores, inter- rupted medially ; six to eight pores on each side. Tail rounded, feebly depressed, tapering, covered above with irregular, small, smooth inbricated scales and rings of large, pointed, keeled tubercles, infe- riorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates. Light pinkish brown above, generally with more or less defined transverse darker bands bordered by pure white tubercles surrounded by deep- brown rings; young very regularly barred with dark brown, there being four dark bars between head and hind limbs ; a more or less defined dark-brown streak, white-edged above, on the side of the head, passing through the eye; lower surfaces white. Specimen 7 has five white, deep-brown-edged cross bars, one just behind the head, the second on scapula, two on the back, and the last on sacrum. 184 GEOKONIDA. Total length ........ 192 millim WEAN occ cnsoh ce aul oe Oat 5, Width of head ........ DO. sy Ls eae eRe AV ey aN ri ae HOt MIND cake cee eet BBs ss Bindhiih as elas od ee RRS Kecnig: wean oie eel a India; Ceylon. GC Madras. Sir W. Elliot [ P.]. b. Her. Madras. Sir J. Boileau [P.]. cf. 3d, hgr., & yg. Madras. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. g. Several spec.: hgr.& yg. | Cauvery. Col. Beddome 3 h. Yg. Sevagherry. Col. Beddome [C. }. t. 9. Ajmeer. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. k. 3 India. Sir J. McGregor ret 1, Several spec.: ¢ ,hgr., & yg. India. md. India. Haslar Collection. 20. Hemidactylus subtriedrus. Hemidactylus subtriedrus, Jerdon, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxii. 1853, p. 467; Stoliczka, op. cit. xli. 1872, p. 98, pl. ii. fig. 1. Differs from H. triedrus in the following points :—Head more depressed. Infradigital lamellae more numerous, ten under the thumb, eleven under the median finger, nine under the inner toe, and twelve under the median toe. Ventral scales smaller. Ten lower labials. Light brown above, with five undulated dark-brown cross bands on the body, the anterior on the neck, confluent with a dark streak passing through the eye and light-edged above. Total length «6c. cass 114 millim. ORE 65 Lis he eu iss 1 iY aces Width of head ........ i ee (ee ee ACE 40 , BOTS MNO. 6 vv hiss ois os 8 19: i WE SMBs 3 6a <6 0's 26 sCO«s 5 i RR, ee ee eee cy aes Ellore. a. 9. Kamarmet Sircar, near W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. Bhadrachalam. 21. Hemidactylus depressus. Hemidactylus depressus, Gray, Cat. p. 153. Nubilia argentii, Gray, /. ¢. p. 278. Hemidactylus yo i Gray, Zool. Misc. p. 58, and Zool. Erebus § Terror, pl. xv. fig. 1. —— pieresii, Kelaart, Prodr. Faun. Zeyl. p. 159; Stoliczka, Journ, As, Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 94. Head oviform; snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one third or once and one fourth the 23. HEMIDACTYLUS. 135 diameter of the orbit; forehead concave; ear-opening oblique, nearly half the diameter of the eye. Body and limbs moderate. The skin forms a fold on each side of the belly, from axilla to groin. Digits distinctly webbed at the base, moderately dilated, inner well developed, with curved, scarcely oblique lamelle ; latter, seven (or six) under the inner digits, nine or ten under the median fingers, ten or eleven under the median toes. Snout covered with granular scales, largest in front of the orbits; hinder part of head with minute granules intermixed with round tubercles; rostral sub- quadrangular, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals; ten to twelve upper and eight to ten lower labials ; mental large, triangular or pentagonal, twice as long as the adjacent labials ; four large chin-shields, median pair largest, forming a long suture behind the point of the mental. Upper surface of body covered with small flat granules intermixed with trihedral tubercles, forming sixteen to twenty very irregular longitudinal series ; the largest tubercles measure about one fourth the diameter of the eye. Abdominal scales moderate, smooth, rounded, imbricate, Males with a long series of femoral pores interrupted medially ; seventeen or eighteen pores on each side. Tail tapering, much de- pressed, flat inferiorly, with angular lateral edge ; it is covered above with small pointed imbricated scales, which are enlarged and raised on the sides, forming a strong denticulation, and six or eight series of spine-like tubercles forming rings; a median series of regular transversely dilated plates inferiorly. Upper parts light brown, marbled or cross-barred with brown; a dark brown, above white- edged streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye ; lower surfaces whitish. Total length: ¢.c.04¢<%s. 156 millim. IQUS crc Bot le cute ge ce 7 ree Width of head ........ Ue OY aie tcie 5 ohn aires arn Sh OO 6 og MORO UIED vie id'c shards 2G as BEI BIW 6s Ps Sis ces ae EO aster hens tite-b Corecsierke (eee Ceylon; Malayan peninsula, a,b. 3. —? (Types.) c,d,e. 3,9, & yg. Ceylon. Ff. 2, bad state. Ceylon. C. R. Buller, Esq. [P.]. Wek Singapore. (Type of Nubilia argentii.) 22. Hemidactylus kushmorensis. Hemidactylus kushmorensis, Murray, Ann, Mag. N. H. (5) xiv. 1884, p- 109. Seven lamelle under the middle toe. Crown of the head interspersed with numerous round tubercles; nostril between the 136 GECKONIDE. rostral, the first labial, and three small nasals ; ten upper and eight lower labials ; two pairs of chin-shields, the first only in contact. Back with rounded tubercles arranged in twenty-two longitudinal series ; a few tubercles between the hind legs are subtrihedral ; ten to twelve femoral pores on each side. Tail verticillate, each verticil armed laterally with three rows of rather elongate subtrihedral tubercles; inferiorly with a single series of transverse plates. Colours neutral grey or brown, with three rows of squarish dark blotches ; forming either longitudinal or obliquely transverse in- terrupted bands; a few smaller spots on the sides; a dark streak through the eye with a pale line above it; tail with dark cross bands. Upper Sind. 23. Hemidactylus leschenaultii. Hemidactylus leschenaultii, Gray, Cat. p. 155. Hemidactylus bellii, Gray, 7. c. Hemidactylus leschenaultii, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 364; Jerd. Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxii. 18538, p. 468 ; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 109; blanf. Proc, As. Soc. Beng. 1871, p. 173; Stoliczka, op. eit. p. 193, and Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 97. (Tachybates) leschenaultii, Fvtzing. Syst. Rept. p. 105. —— coctewi (non D. §& B.), Kelaart, Prodr. Faun. Zeyl. p. 160. —— pustulosus, Lichtenst. Nomencl. Rept. Mus. Berol. p. 5. cocteei, part., Giinth, Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 109. —— kelaartii, Theobald, Cat. Rept. As. Soc. Mus. p. 29. —— marmoratus (non Hallow.), Blanf. Journ, As. Soc. Beng. xxxix, 1870, p. 363, pl. xvi. figs. 1-3. Snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear- opening, once and one third or once and two fifths the diameter of the orbit; forehead concave, the supraorbital ridges prominent in full-grown specimens; ear-opening rather large, oval, vertical. Body and limbs moderate. A slight fold of the skin on the side of the belly, from axilla to groin. Digits free, strongly dilated, inner well developed; six or seven (rarely five) lamelle under the inner digits, nine to eleven under the median digits. Head covered with minute granules posteriorly, with larger ones anteriorly ; rostral four-sided, not quite twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, three nasals, and generally the first labial; ten to twelve upper and eight or nine lower labials; mental large, triangular or pentagonal ; two pairs of chin-shields, inner largest and in contact behind the mental. Upper surface of body covered with small granules, uniform or intermixed with more or less numerous scattered round tubercles. Abdominal scales moderate, cycloid, imbricate. Males with a series of femoral pores interrupted on the preeanal region; twelve to sixteen pores on each side. ‘Tail depressed, flat inferiorly, covered above with small smooth scales and six longitudinal series of conical tubercles; in- feriorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates. Grey above, with darker markings, forming undulated cross bars, rhom- 23, HEMIDACTYLUS. 137 boidal spots on the middle of the back, or regular longitudinal bands ; a dark band from the eye to the shoulder; lower surfaces white. Total length .>........ 162 millim RADON sag's 92 Lee 54:5 a wes y) > Width of head ........ 18) DOG; isa 9: ag ara 575 01928 68. yy Pore Hb. 6 eens Br e.. ; Mind Gms Oia tes saa Oh 4s AUS Ou Sottero wees Oe. India; Ceylon ; Malay peninsula. a-b, Ganjam. F. Day, Esq. [P. ]. C. 3 Ness Ellore. Ws 1 Biba, ae ea F ad. 3. Nagpur. W. T. Blanford, Esq. | P. e-h i,k. 32 Godavery Valley. W. T. Blanford, Esq. es Ln. 3 & her Madras. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. | P.]. o. Her. Poona. Dr. Leith [P.]. p. 3. Anamallays. Col. Beddome tot gq. Several spec., ¢ 9. Malabar. - Col. Beddome | C. |. rt. dQ. Ceylon. G; Pj K. Thwaites, Esq. ud. Ceylon. . Ferguson, Esq. [P.]}. v. 3. Pinang. Dr. Cantor. w. 3 P T. Bell, Esq.[P.]. (Type of Hemidactylus bellit.) 24, Hemidactylus coctzi. Boltalia subleevis, Gray, Cat. p. 158. Hemidactylus coctwi, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 865; Cantor, Cat. Mal. Rept. as 23; Steindachn. Novara, Rept. p.18; Stoliceka, Journ, As. Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 98; Giinth. Ann. Mag. N. H. (4) ix. 1872, p. 86, and Proc, Zool. Soc. 1875, p. 224; Blanf. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 636 ; Murray, Zool. Sind, p. 359. Boltalia sublevis, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 58. Hoplopodion cocteaui, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 104. Hemidactylus coctei, part., Giinth, Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 109. — bengalensis, Anders. Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xl, 1871, p. 14. Snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear- opening, once and one third to once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; forehead concave; ear-opening rather large, oval, oblique. Body and limbs moderate. Digits free, strongly dilated, inner well developed, with nearly straight lamelle inferiorly; latter nine or ten (rarely eight) under the inner digits, and eleven to thirteen under the median digits. Head covered with minute granules posteriorly, with larger ones anteriorly ; rostral four-sided, not quite twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; twelve to fifteen upper and ten to eleven lower labials; mental large, tri- angular or pentagonal; two or three pairs of chin-shields, median largest and in contact behind the mental. Upper surfaces covered 138 GECKONIDZ. with small granules, among which some larger ones are sometimes scattered on the sides. Abdominal scales moderate, cycloid, im- bricate. Male with a short series of five or six femoral pores under each thigh. Tail depressed, flat inferiorly, covered above with small smooth scales and four or six longitudinal series of conical tubercles ; inferiorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates. Grey above, uniform or with indistinct darker marblings; lower surfaces white. Total dongth-;.. 023444 157 millim ONG oo a aediee toe hee Width of head ........ » faa PONY. ie se has nee eos a OG. ORS WROD Scie cake ea 2S. Gs PAID WIRD. o siacenis fia: i ee AE Fs ais cae ees Bt India ; Malay peninsula. ad. India. (Type of Boltalia sublevis.) b, c-d. 2 & her. India. ef. dQ. India. W. Masters, Esq. ip t ; g-h. Q. Patna. W. Masters, Esq. | P $3 Calcutta. Dr. Anderson. (One of the types of Hemidactylus bengalensis.) k. Q. Ellore. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. ri De Bombay. Dr. Leith [P.]. m. 3. Pinang. Dr. Cantor. 25. Hemidactylus giganteus. Hemidactylus rie Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p- 99, p Yi 2; Blanf. Proe. Zool, Soc. 1876, p. 636. — te part., Giinth. Yan Mag. N. H. (4) ix. 1872, p. 86. Snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-open- ing, once and a half the diameter of the orbit; forehead concave ; ear-opening rather large, suboval, vertical. Body and limbs stout. Digits free, inner well developed, strongly dilated, with straight transverse lamellae inferiorly ; latter, eleven or twelve under the inner digits, thirteen to fifteen under the median digits. Upper surfaces covered with uniform small granular scales, somewhat larger on the snout, smallest on the hinder part*of the head. Ros- tral quadrangular, not quite twice as broad as high ; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals; twelve to fifteen upper and eleven to thirteen lower labials ; mental large, pentagonal; two pairs of chin-shields, inner largest. Abdominal scales rather small, cycloid, imbricate. Male with a series of femoral pores inter- rupted medially; nineteen to twenty-two pores on each side. Tail without large tubercles. Olive-grey above, with irregular dark, pale- edged marks in imperfect circles, inclined to form, or forming, four or five transverse undulating bands on the body ; below uniform white. 23, HEMIDACTYLUS. 139 Total length .......... 217 millim POR 6b sb 5 655,555.8408 > ee Width of head ........ ae BOO 2 Mary a terete wis 319% ae POPE WMD sick peat 5 AK 44 ,, SBOE «5 oi. ike B2 oss Tail (reproduced) ...... 9B" 55 India. a 3. Godavery Valley. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. : zs * (One of the eat wd bed. SQ. Godavery Valley. W.T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. 6G Malabar. Col. Beddome [C.]. 26. Hemidactylus bowringii. (Prare XII. fig. 2.) Doryura bowringii, Gray, Cat. p. 156. Leiurus berdmorei, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxii. 1853, p. 646. Doryura berdmorei, Theob. Journ. Linn. Soc. x. 1868, p. 29. Hemidactylus (Doryura) berdmorei, Stoliezka, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xli, 1872, p. 100; Blanf. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 637. cocteei, part., Giinth. Ann. Mag. N. H. (4) ix. 1872, p. 86. Snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-open- ing, once and two fifths the diameter of the orbit; forehead slightly concave; ear-opening small, roundish. Body and limbs moderate ; a slight fold of the skin along the flank. Digits free, moderately dilated, inner well developed; infradigital lamellze obliquely curved, five under the thumb, seven or eight under the fourth finger, five or six under the first toe, and nine or ten under the fourth toe. Upper surfaces covered with uniform small granular scales, largest on the snout, smallest on the occiput. Rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three or four nasals; nine to eleven upper and seven or eight lower Jabials; mental large, triangular, followed by a pair of chin-shields; an outer pair of much smaller chin-shields. Abdominal scales moderate, cycloid, imbricate. Male with a series of preeanal pores, interrupted medially, composed of thirteen pores on each side. Tail depressed, rounded, oval in sec- tion, covered above with uniform small scales, inferiorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates. Light brown above, with darker spots, having sometimes a tendency to form four longi- tudinal bands on the back; frequently small whitish spots on the body and limbs; a dark streak passing through the eye; tail above with small chevron-shaped markings ; lower surfaces whitish. Total length i eee 5 97 millim. CY, Ite Ea rae AO Thee ke Width of head) codes ee BOGY 2 7 pose n ee} an 2) ae 140 GECKONID &. OMOIEND 9 ih4:5:5:5 5c b a" oe 14 millim Hing HAP. ee es ‘| ee i OREO pe pain es Oe 54. —C«,, Birma ; Northern and Central India. a-b. 3 & yg. —? C. Bowring, Esq. [P.]. Types. . ob —? C. Bowring, Esq. [P.]. pe Minhla, Birma. Marquis G. Doria af e-f. 9. Pegu. W. Theobald, Esq. [C.] w. 2 Sikkim. Col. Beddome. ao Godavery Valley. W.T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. 27. Hemidactylus karenorum. Doryura karenorum, Theobald, Journ. Linn. Soc. x. 1868, p. 30. Snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear- opening, once and one third or once and two fifths the diameter of the orbit ; forehead slightly concave ; ear-opening small, roundish. Body and limbs moderate; a slight fold of the skin along the sides of the belly, and another bordering the thighs posteriorly. Digits free, moderately dilated, inner well developed ; infradigital lamellz obliquely curved, five under the thumb, nine under the fourth finger, five or six under the first toe, and ten to twelve under the fourth toe. Head covered with minute granules posteriorly, with larger ones anteriorly ; rostral four-sided, not quite twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; eleven or twelve upper and seven to nine lower labials; mental large, triangular; two pairs of chin- shields. Upper surfaces of body covered with minute granules intermixed with numerous small convex round tubercles. Abdo- minal scales moderate, cycloid, imbricate. Male without preanal or femoral pores(?). Tail depréssed, flat inferiorly, with sharp den- ticulated lateral edge; the scales on the upper surface very small, equal ; those on the lower surface larger, imbricate, with a median series of large transversely dilated plates. Light grey-brown above, with rather indistinct darker variegation ; lower surfaces whitish. Total length .......... 106 millim. TON Hitec eee ia iE eee Width of head ........ 8°65 ,, OGY 55.5 Wikiek caus 6a, sd 36). 55 MORO 2 ci 5 de es i ind FOB os. Sots ok ee 4 ieee EME Bea Soccaeiark Scotter cae 56-7. Birma. a-b, 9. Pegu. W. Theobald, Esq. [P.]. 23. HEMIDACTYLUS. 141 30 new nwrked 28. Hemidactylus blanfordii. Head much depressed; snout rather pointed, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; forehead slightly concave ; ear-opening small, suboval. Body and limbs moderate; a very slight fold of the skin - along the flanks. Digits free, moderately dilated, inner well deve- loped ; infradigital lamelle obliquely curved, six under the thumb and inner toe, ten under the fourth finger, and eleven under the fourth toe. Upper surfaces covered with uniform minute granules. Rostral four-sided, with median cleft above; nostril pierced be- tween the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals ; thirteen upper and eleven lower labials ; mental large, triangular, followed by two pairs of chin-shields, one behind the other, the anterior pair forming a suture, the second pair separated. Abdominal scales moderate, cycloid, imbricate. ‘Tail depressed, flat inferiorly, with sharpish denticulated lateral edge, covered above with uniform granules, inferiorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates. Reddish brown above, with small round yellowish spots; lower surfaces whitish. Total length. ...4.0s540505 72 millim. TIGR ha irene wetnaters i oe Wid 66 NGS. G cea es 65 ,, DOGS oes shy eer eels 24 «4 Ore NO Sete ie | aes Hind Unie on ee 1 ae Dai dsgte alse seater wale Op <3 Himalayas. a 9 Darjeeling. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. 29. Hemidactylus peruvianus. Hemidactylus peruvianus, Gray, Cat. p. 156. Hemidactylus peruvianus, Wiegm. Nova Acta Ac. Leop.- Carol. xviis i, 1835, p. 240; Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 869. Hoplopodion (Microdactylus) peruvianum, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 104. Body covered above with uniform granules. Digits free, slightly dilated. Two pairs of chin-shields, one behind the other, the anterior elongate-pentagonal, the posterior smaller and roundish. Tail tapering, depressed, the lateral edges obtusely angular, with a denticulation of spine-like scales. Grey above, marbled with blackish, witn indistinct whitish round spots; white inferiorly. Tacna, Peru. 30. Hemidactylus garnotii. Doryura garnotii, Gray, Cat. p. 157. Hemidactylus garnotii, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 368 ; Bouleng. Proc, Zool Soc, 1888, p. 118, pl. xxii. fig. 1. Hoplopodion (Onychopus) garnotii, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 104. 142 GECKONIDZ. Doryura vulpecula, Girard, Proc. Ac, Philad. 1857, p. 197, and U.S, cplor, Exped., Herp. p. 286, pl. xxiv. figs. 17-2 Hemidactylus ludekingi, Bleek. Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind. xvi. 1859, 27. eed gaudama, Theob. Journ. Linn. Soc. x. 1868, p. 30. Hemidactylus (Doryura) mandellianus, Stoliczka, Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 101, pl. iii. figs. 1, 2. Snout obtusely pointed, much longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and two thirds the diameter of the orbit; forehead slightly concave; ear-opening small, rounded. Body and limbs moderate. A slight but distinct fold of the skin along the flanks, and another bordering the hind limb posteriorly. Digits with a very slight rudiment of web, moderately dilated, inner well developed ; infradigital lamellz oblique, six or seven under the inner digits, ten to twelve under the fourth finger, and thirteen or fourteen under the fourth toe. Upper surfaces and throat covered with minute granular scales, a little larger on the snout ; abdominal scales moderate, imbricate. Rostral subquadrangular, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals ; twelve or thirteen upper and nine or ten lower labials; mental large, triangular, in contact posteriorly with a pair of pentagonal chin-shields, followed by a second smaller pair; the anterior pair of chin-shields in contact with the first infralabial, and with each other medially ; the posterior pair separated from each other, and also completely or nearly completely from the labials. Tail depressed, flat inferiorly, with sharp denticulated lateral edge; the scales on the upper surface very small, equal; those on the lower surface larger, imbricate, with a median series of large, transversely dilated plates. Brownish grey above, uniform or with more or less distinct brown and whitish spots ; lower surfaces uniform whitish. ['Theo- bald mentions nineteen pores on each thigh in his Doryura gaudama, which appears to me, from the short description, identical with, and the male of, the present species. | Total longue gsi. .cc0 6 129 millim, BIOO0 os sedis eetivan SAU “gs Width of head ........ +19 aaa DO Sg ao a Mersensd wots CS ee Ne oc ae Pa >, ae FES TAD oe sists SEN Gar OIE. ig ae REN alee Sa CRxs 4, South Pacific islands ; Indian archipelago; Philippines; Birma; Sikkim. a. 9. South-Sea Islands. b. 2 New Caledonia. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.]. .-¥ Agam. Dr. Bleeker. (As typical of HI, ludekingii.) d. 9. Philippines. @ 9. Sikkim. - (One of the types of H. mandel= go 7, 2 Birma. F. Day, Esq. [P.]. 23. HEMIDACTYLUS. 143 31. Hemidactylus richardsonii. (Pate XII. fig. 3.) Velernesia richardsonii, Gray, Cat. p. 156. Snout rounded, a little longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, as long as the diameter of the orbit; ear- opening moderately large, vertical, oval. Body and limbs stout. A fold of the skin from axilla to groin, and another bordering the hind limb posteriorly. Digits one third webbed, strongly dilated, inner well developed ; infradigital lamelle nearly straight, six under the thumb, nine under the fourth finger, seven under the inner toe, and ten under the fourth toe. Upper surfaces covered with small granules, largest on the snout, smallest on the occiput; a few larger granules are scattered among the dorsal ones; abdominal scales very small, cycloid, imbricate, smooth. Rostral four-sided, twice as broad as high, with median cleft; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; eleven upper and nine lower labials; mental broadly triangular; two chin-shields, in con- tact behind the rostral. Tail depressed, flat inferiorly, with sharp denticulated lateral edge, covered above with small imbricate scales and transverse series of four conical tubercles, inferiorly with a median series of large transversely dilated plates. Grey above, with small brown markings ; a dark-brown band on each side of head and body, passing through the eye. Total ene << ic we eas 159 millim. TOR Serpe Ale brates OR Width of head ........ La. Sa OGY soe a(sroten s Sevnnte aie BO” 3. MOVE DIOD: oop sis os sons 7 oe PROG TiN cet, ae as Sees LOM Peace tial st etend Se a es 10 3 Hab, ——? a. 9. : Sir J. Richardson [P.]. (Type.) 32. Hemidactylus platyurus. Platyurus schneiderianus, Gray, Cat. p. 157. Stellio platyurus, Schneid. Amph. Phys. ii. p. 30, and Denkschr. Ak, Miinch. 1811, p. 62, pl. i. fig. 3. Lacerta schneideriana, Shaw, Zool. iii. p. 278. Gecko platyurus, Merr. Syst. Amph. p. 41. marginatus, Cuv. R. A. ii. p. 54. Hemidactylus platyurus, Wiegm. Nova Acta Ac. Leop.-Carol. xvii. i. 1835, p. 288; Cantor, Catal. Mal. Rept. p. 24. —— marginatus, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 51; Dum. § Bibr. iii, p. 370, pl. xxx. fig. 2. Hoplopodion (Cosymbotus) platyurum, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 104. Crossurus platyurus, Girard, U.S. Explor, Exped., Herp. p. 281. Nycteridium schneideri, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 111. — himalayanum, Anders. Jowrn, As. Soc. Beng. xl. 1871, p. 15. — platyurus, Stoliczka, Journ, As. Soc. Beng, xli. 1872, p. 103. 144 ; GECKONIDZ. Snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear- opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit; forehead con- cave ; ear-opening small, oval, oblique. Body and limbs moderate, much depressed ; a cutaneous expansion from axilla to groin, and another bordering the hind limb posteriorly. Digits strongly dilated, about half-webbed, inner well developed ; five or six lamelle under the inner, and seven to nine under the median digits. Upper sur- faces covered with uniform small granules, largest on the snout. Rostral four-sided, not twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals; nine to eleven upper and seven or eight lower labials ; mental large, triangular or pentagonal, in contact with two large chin-shields, followed by two smaller ones. Abdominal scales moderate, cycloid, imbricate. Male with an uninterrupted series of femoral pores, seventeen or eighteen on each side. Tail much de- pressed, flat inferiorly, with sharp denticulated lateral edge, covered above with uniform small granules, inferiorly with a median series of transversely dilated plates. Grey above, marbled with darker; generally a dark streak from eye to shoulder; white beneath. Total longi 6.05 4h i4 4s 113 millim. PROM aovic a eupeea anaes ee Width of head ........ (2 es DGG Y ss ls wat sere 41 ,, Hope: Hw a scicigaceie te ayes AN sg bat ty B11: ee rae ae EGIL cach Akt Ges aren ms Ceylon; North India; South China; Indo-China; Malay penin- sula; East-Indian archipelago. a-b. 2. Ceylon. Dr. Kelaart. ie Sikkim. Col. Beddome. d. Yg. Hong Kong. C. Bowring, Esq. [P.]. ef. 3. Gamboja. M. Mouhot [C.]. @.-9 Siam. M. Mouhot [C.}. h. Q. Siam. C. Bowring, Esq. [P.]. 4. 9. Siam. W. H. Newman, Esq. [P. ]. k-m. 2 & hgr. Pinang. Dr. Cantor, n-0. dQ, Philippines. ‘p. 9. Dinagat Island. A. Everett, Esq. [C.]. q. Q. Borneo. Sir E. Belcher (P-], rs. 9. Java. Leyden Museum. t. 2. Java. Dr. Bleeker. u. Yg. Java. Mrs. Lyon [P.]. v 2. Manado. Dr. A. B. Meyer [C.}. 24, TERATOLEPIS. Teratolepis, Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 504. Digits dilated, inferiorly with a double series of lamella, with elongate compressed distal joint rising from within the extremity 24, TERATOLEPIS.—25, PHYLLOPEZUS. 145 of the dilated part; all clawed. ar-opening concealed. Body covered with large strongly imbricated scales. Pupil 2 India. . 1. Teratolepis fasciata. Homonota fasciata, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxii. 1853, p. 468. Teratolepis fasciata, Giinth. 1. c. p. 505. Body somewhat depressed ; limbs rather long and slender. Head covered with polygonal flat scales. Seven lower labials; mental large, triangular; two larger anterior chin-shields, in contact behind the mental, followed by others passing gradually into the small gular granules. Dorsal scales large, lozenge-shaped, slightly keeled; ventral scales much smaller, smooth. Tail depressed, swollen, tapering at the end, covered with imbricate irregular scales, some of those of the upper surface being extremely large. Greyish above, with five brown longitudinal bands, which at regular intervals are interrupted by white spots forming cross bands; seven of these cross bands on the neck and trunk. Length of head 13 millim., body 25, tail 25. Central and North-western India. a, Very bad state. Sind. Dr. Leith [P.]. 25. PHYLLOPEZUS. Phyllopezus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1877, p. 415. ‘A single series of lamelle under the base of the fingers and toes, the two distal phalanges of all five fingers and toes narrowed and furnished with a claw.” “ Distinguished from Giehyra by the first finger and toe being provided with a narrow distal joint and a claw.” Brazil. 1. Phyllopezus goyazensis. Phyllopezus goyazensis (Behn), Peters, l. c. pl. —. fig. 1. “Head rather elongate, with rather flat snout; latter covered with small oval scales to between the eyes, where they gradually pass into the minute granulation of the hinder part of the head. Nine upper labials, the two last small; also nine lower labials, the three last smallest. Mental very large; behind it two larger hexa- gonal chin-shields, followed by a second transverse row of three other chin-shields, the median one being almost as large as those of the anterior row. Hinder part of head, neck, and base of tail finely granulate, with scattered roundish tubercles which are not larger than the scales on the snout. The ear-cleft, which is obliquely directed downwards and forwards, is furnished anteriorly and pos- teriorly with short spine-like scales. The reproduced tail, with smooth scales scarcely smaller than the ventrals; on the lower L 146 GECKONIDZE. surface of the tail a row of broad band-like plates. On each side near the vent an oblique row of three spine-like prominent scales. Neither preeanal nor femoral pores.” “‘ Grey-brown, with brown transverse band-like spots.” Goyaz, Brazil. 26. ARISTELLIGER. Aristelliger, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861, p. 496. Idiodactylus, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 41. Digits slender at the base, free, strongly dilated at the extremity, furnished with undivided transverse lamelle inferiorly ; distal pha- langes, except of thumbs, free, elongate, compressed, raised, clawed ; inner digits short, scarcely dilated at the base, the apex dilated into a small disk with a circular plate inferiorly, and provided with a sheathed retractile claw, the sheath opening laterally and inwards. Upper surfaces covered with granular scales; belly with cycloid imbricated scales. Pupil vertical. Eyelid distinct all round the eye. No femoral nor preanal pores. ‘West Indies; Central America. 1. Aristelliger presignis. Hemidactylus presignis, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 222. Aristelliger preesignis, Cope, /. ¢. Idiodactylus georgeensis, Bocourt, l. ¢. pl. x. fig. 1. Head moderate, elongate; snout obtusely conical, considerably longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and two thirds or once and three fourths the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening moderate, oval, oblique, its greatest diameter about half that of the orbit. Body and limbs moderate ; digits unequal ; about thirteen lamellz under the fourth toe. Head and upper surfaces covered with small granular scales; abdominal scales moderate. Upper eyelid with a small spine-like scale, Rostral broad, with median cleft above, entering the nostril; eight upper and as many lower labials ; mental large, pentagonal, extending beyond the labials, bordered on each side by a small chin-shield. Tail slender, cylindrical, tapering, compressed distally, longer than head and body, covered above with small, flat, slightly imbricated scales, inferiorly with a central series of transversely dilated plates. Brown above, generally with darker cross bars on the back and tail and a dark spot above axilla; sometimes with whitish dots; a dark streak on each side of the head, passing through the eye; lips white-spotted; flanks reticulated with dark brown; lower surfaces whitish, throat with brown marblings or oblique streaks, Total length .......... 226 millim ME ntsc s dceaen ak |, ee te Width of head ........ | ee DOG Fgh dn oes S GS-5, 26. ARISTELLIGER.—27, GEHYRA. 147 Ore NU. 5S ss oy oe tio 33 millim. POO DOD so a eae a hers mn? oy ROE ae ose nnj op ate See oe Jamaica; St. George Island, Belize. a-c,d-g. Adult & hgr. Jamaica. P. H. Gosse, Esq. [ P. |. h, Adult. Jamaica. F. Beckford, Esq. | P.|. 2 Ye. Jamaica. g k, Adult. 2. Aristelliger lar. Aristelliger lar, Cope, l.e. p. 497. Differs from the preceding in the following points :—Anterior mandibulary teeth longer than the median. Subdigital lamelle more numerous, about twenty-one beneath the fourth toe. Size larger, about 130 millim. from snout to vent. Colour above grey, with numerous brown spots, especially upon the scapular and ischiatic regions ; crown and front dark; labial region varied; an indistinct brown band extends posteriorly from the orbit, bordered below by a pale one, not more visible. 8. Domingo. 27. GEHYRA*. Peropus (non Beechey), Wiegm. N. Acta Ac. Leop.-Carol. xvii. i. 1835, p. 238; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. - 108; Gray, Cat. Iz. p. 159. Hemidactylus, part., Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 20; Dum. §& Bubr. iii. 344, Géhyra Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 57, and Cat. nz. p. 162. Perodactylus, Fitzing. . e. Dactyloperus, Fitzing. 1. e. Peripia, Gray, Cat. Laz. p. 158. Peripia, part., Giinth. Rept. Brit, Ind. p. 110. Digits strongly dilated, free or webbed at the base, inferiorly, with undivided or medially divided transverse lamelle ; distal phalanges free, elongate, compressed, clawed, raised from within the extremity of the dilatation; inner digits without free distal phalange, clawless, or with a very indistinct retractile claw. Upper surfaces covered with granular scales ; belly with cycloid imbricated scales. Pupil vertical. Males with femoral or przanal pores. East Indies; Australia; islands of the Indian and South-Pacific Oceans ; west coast of Mexico. ‘ * Peripia papuensis, Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.8. W. ii. p. 97.—Katow, N. Guinea. P. ornata, id. ibid. p. 98.—Port Moresby. P. longicauda, id, ibid.—Endeavour River. P, dubia, id. ibid.—Cape Grenville. P. marmorata, id. ibid.—Katow. P. brevicaudis, id. ibid.—Daruley Island. L2 148 GECKONIDZ. Synopsis of the Species. I. Digital lamelle divided by a median groove. A. A fold of the skin bordering the hind limb posteriorly. Inner pair of chin-shields very large ; rostral quadrangular; 8 or 9 upper and 6 or 7 lower labials ; tail normally with a sharp- GBD 1AUEVAL: CARO ns, gies s Sus weg. ies seuertucees 1. mutilata, p. 148. Chin-shields shorter; rostral horseshoe - BEANO 0 od 516.044 ace Pcie ech ani es eae tee 2. baliola, p. 150. Chin-shields smaller ; 10 upper and 9 lower labials ; tail without lateral keel ...... 3. brevipalmata, Chin-shields small and polygonal ; tail with [p. 150. a sharp serrated lateral edge .......... 4, neglecta, p. 150. B. Hind limb without cutaneous fold; digits free or with a very slight rudiment of web. Scales a good deal smaller on the median _ line of the back than on the sides ; male with about 40 femoral pores .......... 5. insulensis, p. 150. Male with 10 to 16 femoral pores ........ 6. variegata, p. 151. II. Digital lamelle undivided. 7 to 9 upper labials ; toes free or nearly so. 7. australis, p. 152. 11 to 13 upper labials; toes webbed at the base ; 25 to 40 femoral pores .......... 8. oceanica, p. 152. 13 or 14 upper labials; digits webbed at the base ; a strong fold of the skin border- ing the fore limb anteriorly; 50 to 60 POTROTAN-POTOB, 35 xtra aes Grae Ca ce os 9. vorax, p. 153. 1. Gehyra mutilata. Peripia peronii, Gray, Cat. p. 159. Peropus mutilatus, Gray, 1. ¢. Hemidactylus (Peropus) mutilatus, Weegm. Nova Acta Ac. Leop- Carol, xvii. p. 238. — mutilatus, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 354. —— peronii, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 352, pl. xxx. fig. 1; Jacquin. Voy. Pole Sud, Sawr. pl. i. fig. 2; Cantor, Cat. Mal. Rept. p. 22; Kelaart, Prodr. Faun, Zeyl. p. 187. Peropus (Dactyloperus) peronii, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 103, — mutilatus, Fitz. 1. c.; Girard, U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. . 277. Peripts eronii, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind, p.110; Stoliczka, Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xxxix. 1870, p. 163, & xli. 1872, p. 103. Gecko pardus, Tytler, Journ. As. Soc, Beng. xxxiii. 1864, p. 547. ? Gecko harrieti, Tyler, 1. c. p. 548. 27. GEHYRA. 149 Hemidactylus (Peripia) mutilatus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1867, p. 14; Anders. Zool. W. Yunnan, i. p. 799. Peropus packardii, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1868, p. 319. Peripia mutilata, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p. 168; Peters & Doria, Ann. Mus. Genov. xiii. 1878, p. 370. Head longer than broad ; snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, about once and one third the diameter of the orbit; forehead with a median groove ; ear-opening mode- rately large, suboval. Body and limbs moderately elongate, de- pressed ; a fold of the skin bordering the hind limb posteriorly. Digits short, more or less webbed at the base; the inferior lamella angular, divided by a median groove. Upper surfaces and throat covered with small granular scales, largest and flat on the back. Abdominal scales moderate. Rostral quadrangular, broader than high, with a median cleft superiorly; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals, the upper much the largest and generally in contact with its fellow; eight or nine upper and six or seven lower labials; mental moderately large, penta- gonal; chin-shields three pairs, inner very large, elongate, outer small, frequently broken up into small scales; the distance from the border of the lip to the extremity of the median pair of chin-shields equals the diameter of the orbit. Femoral pores in a doubly curved line, angular medially, fourteen to nineteen on each side. Tail depressed, normally with a sharpish, minutely serrated lateral edge ; its upper surface covered with very small flat scales, its lower sur- face generally with a median series of large transversely dilated scales. Greyish or reddish-brown above, uniform or dotted or varie- gated with darker ; lower surfaces uniform whitish. Total lenge 54.0 s<8 114 millim ba or Aner er eae er ae hs rs Width of head ........ Bae te. Sats CR Oe ee ere 41 ,, POT OMANI 5 le a a So stands 16 - FENG EID isn ates ale sk 2 ys ERIE wo Steviaeny See hae-ecieh ae Mascarene Islands; Seychelles; Ceylon; Birma; Malay penin- sula and archipelago; New Guinea; Western Mexico. a. Hgr. Mauritius. b. Many spec.: d, Rodriguez. Transit of Venus Exp. Q, hgr., & yg. , aero Rodriguez P A. Newton, Esq. [P.]. d. 3. Seychelles. Dr, E. P. Wright is ; afi 2. Ceylon. Dr. Kelaart. gy 9. Ceylon. W. Ferguson, Esq. [P.]. h. Her. Ceylon. G. H. K. Thwaites, Esq. [P.]. Hes 8. Ceylon. k-m 3 9. Pegu. W. Theobald, Esq. [C.]. dQ. Penang. Dr. Cantor. Indian archipelago. Dr. Bleeker. 150 GECKONIDZ. te a Negros, Philippines. Dr. A. B. Meyer to. ‘ r-s. Q. Manado, Celebes. Dr. A. B. Meyer [C.]. 2. Timor Laut. H. O. Forbes, Esq. | C.}. ud. San Blas, W. Mexico. Hr. A. Forrer [C.}. v, 2 Presidio, W. Mexico. Hr. A. Forrer {C. |. 2. Gehyra baliola. Hemidactylus baliolus, 4. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 38, and Arch. Mus. viii. p. 461, pl. xvii. fig. 2. Differs from G. mutilata in the following points:—Snout more conical; cheeks not swollen; dorsal scales larger, those on the vertebral line smaller; rostral horseshoe-shaped; chin-shields shorter. Brown above, with lighter or reddish spots. New Guinea. 3. Gehyra brevipalmata. Hemidactylus (Peripia) brevipalmata, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1874, p. 159. Differs from G. mutilata in having the scales, especially the ventrals, smaller; a greater number of labials, viz. ten superiorly and nine inferiorly, the decidedly smaller chin-shields, the greater development of the interdigital web, the greater number of lamelle under the digits (fourteen or fifteen under the fifth toe), and the absence of a keel on the side of the tail. Uniform grey. Pelew Islands. 4. Gehyra? neglecta. Peropus neglectus, Girard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 197, and U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 278. Distinguished from G. mutilata in the following characters :— Eye much larger ; chin-shields small and polygonal; tail more con- spicuously serrated laterally ; granulation of the upper regions and scales of the inferior regions larger. Upper parts light brown, with a few black dots, spots, or streaks, irregularly disposed ; a con- spicuous streak may be traced from the nostril to the eye, and from behind the eye, across the ear, to the shoulder, or else to the inser- tion of the fore limb ; lower surfaces uniform whitish. Habitat unknown. Perhaps a Lepidodactylus. 5. Gehyra insulensis. Dactyloperus insulensis, Girard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 197, and U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 280. Snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-open- ing, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; ear-opening mode- rate. Digits free; the inferior lamellz angular, divided by a median 27. GEHYRA. 151 groove. Upper surfaces covered with small granular scales, a good deal smaller along the middle line ‘of the back than on the sides. Rostral pentagonal; four chin-shields, the median pair large and elongated, narrowest posteriorly. A long series of femoral pores, about twenty on each side. Tail depressed, rounded, with a median row of large scutelle inferiorly. Greyish brown above, minutely speckled with black; whitish beneath. From snout to vent 50 millim.; tail 40 millim. Sandwich Islands. | . 6. Gehyra variegata. Peripia variegata, Gray, Cat. p. 159. Hemidactylus variegatus, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 353. Peropus (Dactyloperus) variegatus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 103. Peripia torresiana, Giinth. Ann. Mag. N. H. (4) xix. 1877, p. 415. Head longer than broad ; snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, about once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; forehead with a median groove ; ear-opening moderately large, suboval. Body and limbs moderately elongate, depressed, without cutaneous folds. Digits short, free or with a very slight rudiment of web; the inferior lamelle angular, divided by a median groove. Upper surfaces and throat covered with very small granular scales ; abdominal scales moderate. Rostral quadrangular, broader than high, with a median cleft superiorly ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three nasals ; seven to nine upper : and six to eight lower labials ; mental moderately large, pentagonal ; chin-shields three pairs, inner largest, elongate, outer small, fre- quently broken up into small scales; these shields considerably shorter than in G. mutilata. A short angular series of femoral pores, ten to sixteen altogether. Tail depressed, tapering, the sides rounded ; its upper surface covered with very small flat scales, its lower surface with a median series of large transversely dilated scales. Brown above, generally variegated with darker, sometimes dark with lighter blotches, or with dark bands across the back; frequently two dark streaks on the side of the head and neck, the lower passing through the eye; lower surfaces uniform whitish. Total length ...iccssis0:05 147 millim. MCR hs racing et tn aes LS) By Width of head ..20'..00< ra Gy WOOY is stiviearemeyaasaeiog Boo sg Bore Haid . ME ONO IOI eis er os 12008 Ee ee ace a SS: 4 Southern India. ' a, Many spec.: 5,9, hgr., Shevaroys. Col. Beddome [C.]. (Types.) & yg. b-e. 3,9, & her. S. India. Col. Beddome [C.}. 32. LEPIDODACTYLUS. 165 4. Lepidodactylus lugubris. Amydosaurus lugubris, Gray, Cat. p. 162. -Platydactylus lugubris, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 804; Jacquin. Voy. Péle Sud, Saur. pl.i. fig. 1; Cantor, Cat. Mal. Rept. p. 16. Lepidodactylus lugubris, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 93; Bouleng. Proce. Zool. Soe. 1883, p. 120, pl. xxii. tig. 3. Hemidactylus meyeri, Bleek. Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind. xvi. 1859, p. 47. Peripia cantoris, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 110; Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 103. Gecko meestus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1867, p. 18. Gymnodactylus candeloti, Bavay, Cat. Rept. N. Caléd. p. 13. Peripia meyeri, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 594. mysorensis, Meyer, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1874, p. 129. —— lugubris, Peters § Doria, An. Mus. Genov, xiii. 1878, p. 371. Platydactylus (Lepidodactylus) crepuscularis (non Bav.), Sauvage, Bull. Soc. Philom, (7) iii. 1878, p. 69. ~ Head much longer than broad; snout subacuminate, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, about once and a half the diameter of the orbit; forehead with a median groove ; ear-opening small, round. Body and limbs moderate. Digits moderate, inner well developed, with a rudiment of web; inferior lamellae numerous, seven or eight under the fingers, eight or nine under the toes. Upper surfaces and throat covered with very minute granules, a little larger on the snout ; scales on the belly much larger, flat, juxtaposed, or slightly imbricate. Rostral quadrangular, broad ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first upper labial, and two or three nasal shields, the upper separated from its fellow by one or three small shields; eleven to thirteen upper and ten or eleven lower labials ; mental small, smaller than the adjacent labials ; four transverse rows of small chin-shields. Femoral pores in a long series, angular medially, twenty-five altogether. Tail flat inferiorly, with sharpish, sometimes feebly serrated, lateral edge ; caudal scales small, flat, equal. Upper surfaces light pinkish-grey or brownish, generally with a series of small'blackish or purplish-brown spots on each side of the vertebral line; a purplish-brown streak from the end of the snout to the ear, passing through the eye; labials generally finely dotted with brown ; lower surfaces white. Total longi 232 tance 4 bs 81 millim. TACG ft easeatens, Satine as cia: Width of head ........ aa BOOS: 2 vias eee aa hes : Hore WWD. Spas eee Loe ae Hind Dwiicc3. elect aL hors5e CV) Ee nace Parmar ae me Se any Malay peninsula and archipelago ; New Guinea ; Polynesia. 7 Oe Penang. Dr. Cantor. (Type of Peripia cantoris. ) b.9. Bintang. Dr. Bleeker. (Type of Hemt- dactylus meyer, ) 166 GECKONIDZ. ce. 9 Amboyna. H.M.S. ‘ Challenger.’ do Pelew Islands. Godeffroy Museum. et: Murray Island. Rev. S. Macfarlane [C.]. Kd. Tahiti. H.MS. ‘ Alert.’ g. 9. mare Havannah, New Heb- Dr. Corrie [P.]. rides, hk. Q. Mallicollo, N. Hebrides. W. Wykeham Perry, Esq. [P.] t-k. 2. Island of Onio, Fiji. F. M. Rayner, Esq. [C. ]. Ln. 2. Fiji Islands. E. A. Liardet, Esq. tp. F 6. 9; Island of Vati, S. Pacific. Dr. Corrie [P.]. 5. Lepidodactylus labialis. Gecko labialis, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1867, p. 14. Very closely allied to Z. lugubris, from which it differs in the following points: fourteen upper and fifteen lower labials ; no femoral pores, but on each side nine preanal pores forming a doubly arched series, angular medially. Tail cylindrical. Mindanao. 6. Lepidodactylus pulcher. (Prater XIII. fig. 5.) Differs from LZ. lugubris in the following characters :—Snout rather shorter. Seventeen preeanal pores, forming a doubly arched series, angular medially. Tail cylindrical. Pinkish brown above, head with small black spots; limbs and sides of the baek with minute blackish specks ; tail with dark transverse blotehes; throat and breast minutely speckled with brown. Total length: -. 254% .<<2 105 millim. AOU ooh sigreruts eae ae kor Width of head ........ ae bn, ar eager eee ee 39 =O, ORO MMID «65 655 0 8.0 05a 16: 3; PUPAE MND oe Giss Xe if es Del: eecers hastens 54" 5. Admiralty Islands, a-c. dQ. Wild Island. H.M.S. ‘ Challenger.’ 7. Lepidodactylus guppyi. Lepidodactylus guppyi, Bouleng. Proe. Zool. Soe. 1884, p. 211. Head small, oviform, very convex; snout once and one third the diameter of the orbit, which equals the distance between the latter and the ear-opening; forehead slightly concave ; ear-opening very small, round. Body elongate, limbs moderate. Digits moderate, inner well developed, webbed at the base; eleven Iamelle under the median digits, the two or three proximal divided. Scales uniformly granular, the granules larger on the snout, largest and flat on the belly. Rostral quadrangular, more than twice as broad as high ; 32. LEPIDODACTYLUS. 167 nostril pierced between the rostral, the first upper labial, and three nasals ; eleven or twelve upper and as many lower labials; three or four rows of very small chin-shields. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with small equal flat scales. Pinkish brown above, sides with darker spots ; a dark streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye; tail with dark annuli; lower surfaces whitish, throat speckled with reddish brown. Total lepseth <2 os ees 93 millim. TORE 2 PG nee 12 Width of head.......... ‘a Bod Vek ues atinen koh Ss dy HOPG BNI kee jy PUNO IM is oe ooh es TPO: ye IS oe Fee ote a 45 Solomon Islands. a9; Faro Island. H. B. Guppy, Esq. [P.]. (Type.) 8. Lepidodactylus pusillus. Peropus pusillus, Cope, Proe. Acad. Philad. 1868, p. 319. Two cross rows of ovate chin-shields, those behind graduating through several rows to the gulars ; two scales between the upper nasals; nine superior labials to below the pupil. Tail cylindric, swollen. Colour light brown, with a much paler dorsal shade: a brown band through orbit to axilla, and band across muzzle; tail with a series of pale rounded spots on the median line above. S.W. Australia. 9. Lepidodactylus cyclurus. (Prare XIII. fig. 6.) Peripia cyclura, Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) x. 1872, p. 422, and in Brenchley’s ‘Curagoa, Rept. p. 407. Lepidodactylus neocaledonicus, Bocage, Jorn. Se. Lisb. iv. 1873, . 206. Hemidactyis (Peripia) bavayi, Sauvage, Bull. Soc, Philom. (7) iii. 1878, p. 71. Lepidodact lus cyclurus, Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 121, pl. xxii. fig. 4. Head oviform, longer than broad ; snout a little longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, about once and one third the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening moderate, roundish. Body and limbs moderate. Digits moderate, inner well developed, with a slight rudiment of web ; inferior lamelle numerous, all divided by a median groove, ten or eleven. Upper surfaces and throat covered with very small granular scales, larger on the snout ; abdo- minal scales subimbricate. Rostral quadrangular, twice as broad as high ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first upper labial, and four or five small nasals, the upper separated from its fellow by three 168 GECKONIDE. or five small shields ; nine to eleven upper and nine or ten lower labials ; mental small, subtriangular, shorter than the adjacent labials, followed by a median chin-shield; a few other irregular chin-shields gradually passing into the granules of the throat. Preanal pores in two angular series ; these series in contact and containing each eleven to sixteen pores. Tail cylindrical, covered with small, equal, flat scales arranged in verticils. Upper surfaces brownish grey, with more or less irregular dark brown bands across the back; sides with more or less distinct small round whitish spots; a more or less indistinct dark streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye; lower surfaces uniform whitish. Total length .......... 117 millim BIAR he kuroe Sues 17 ts. Width of head ........ 13° 5, GO och Sate aal gins 49 ,, Fore inp. os6y Sedans Lorin PURE MNO, tics sieeve a EOI Pos nas acs Au eats 51 New Caledonia. a-b, c-e. S& hgr. New Caledonia. J. Brenchley, Esq. [P.]. (Types.) 10. Lepidodactylus sauvagii. Hemidactylus (Peripia) cyclura (mon Giinth.), Sauvage, Bull. Soe. Philom. (7) iii. 1878, p. 72. Lepidodactylus sauvagii, Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 18838, p. 122 pl. xxii. fig. 6. This species resembles exactly the preceding in the proportions, scutellation, size, and colour, but differs in the much narrower digits, and the presence of a single series of preanal pores; this is com- posed of twenty-three pores. New Caledonia. 33. NAULTINUS. Naultinus, part., Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 72, and Cat. Liz. R: 169. Heteropholis, Fischer, Abh. Naturw. Ver. Brem. vii. 1882, p. 236. ° Digits free, feebly dilated, gradually narrowing distally, clawed, with a series of. transverse lamelle under their entire length. Dorsal scales uniformly granular or intermixed with enlarged tubercles. Pupil vertical. Males with preanal and femoral pores. New Zealand. ; 1. Naultinus elegans. (Puare XIV. fig. 3 *), Naultinus elegans, Gray, Cat. p. 169. Naultinus grayii, Gray, /. ec. p. 170, Naultinus punctatus, Gray, /. c. p. 170. * Lower surface of foot. 33, NAULTINUS. 169 Naultinus elegans, Gray, Zool. Miscell. p. 72, and in Dieffenb. N. Zeal. ii. p. 203; Steindachn. Novara, Rept. p.19; Buller, Trans. N. Zeal. Instit. iii. 1871, p. 7, pl. ii. fig. 1 ; Hutton, op. cit. iv. 1872, p. 170. —— punctatus, Gray, in Dieffenb. N. Zeal. ii. p. 204; Girard, U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 309, pl. xvi. figs. 17-26 ; Steindachn. l.c. p- 20; Buller, l.c. ‘s 8; Hutton, lc. p: 171. a grayh Bell, Zool. ‘Beagle,’ Rept. p. 27, pl. xiv. fig. 2; Buller, 1. e. Ssaastactylos elegans, A. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 43, and Arch. Mus. viii. p. 477, pl. xviii. fig. 14. ? Naultinus lineatus, Gray, Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) iii. 1869, p. 248. Naultinus sulphureus, Buller, l.c. p. 8; Hutton, l. c. p. 172. silvestris (Buller), Field, N. Zeal. Journ, Se. i. 1882, p. 177. Head small, short ; snout obtusely subtriangular, short, measuring slightly more than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, and twice the diameter of the orbit, with vertical loreal region and obtuse canthus rostralis; no trace of a concavity on the upper surface of the head ; eye very small, with distinct circular lid; ear- opening very small, oval, horizontal. Body and limbs moderate, slightly depressed. Head covered with granular scales posteriorly, with polygonal, flat, or more or less convex, considerably larger scales on the snout; rostral about twice as broad as high, with distinct median cleft superiorly ; nostril pierced between the first upper labial and three or four small nasals; eleven or twelve upper and ten or eleven lower labials; mental twice as broad as high anteriorly, narrowed posteriorly ; the mental and labials followed by very small chin-shields gradually passing into the minute granules of the throat. Upper surfaces covered with small granules; lower surfaces with very small, slightly imbricated scales. Male with a large median patch of preanal pores and two series of femoral pores. ‘Tail long, cylindrical, covered with very small subequal juxtaposed scales. The coloration varies considerably: the speci- mens in the collection may be referred to the following varieties of coloration :— A. (WV. elegans, Gray.) Brownish, purplish, or dark olive above, yellow beneath ; a streak on each side of the crown, another on the lower lip, and generally also one from axilla to groin, and large paired spots on the back and tail, yellow, black-margined. (Specs. a, M,N, 0, J, 1, §, X, 2, B, , 6.) B. (NV. punctatus, Gray.) Green, upper parts minutely dotted with black ; hands and feet yellow inferiorly. (Specs. ¢, a.) C. (N. grayi, Bell.) Uniform green, lighter beneath ; hands and feet yellow inferiorly. (Specs. d, f, g, h, i, k, 1.) D. (N. sulphureus, Buller.) Uniform lemon-coloured. (Specs. > U, &.) sf E. Pink above, yellow beneath, uniform. (Spec. e.) F. Green above, yellow beneath, uniform. (Specs. ¢, w.) G. Green, lighter beneath, with a few distant, paired yellow spots on the back, and a rather indistinct yellow streak from axilla to groin ; hands and feet yellow. (Specs. ¢, w.) 170 GECKONIDZ. Total length . .... 6.664 188 millim. [YS eae ae aren Pay wa Ge Width of head ........ 175: -,, \ DONTs 20s ee eee weed i) ee OVO MIM 565-0498 als aa’p-are 32 Cy, BS Gb et1 MCs) eA aA Sey eer ae OO: .~ 5 PUMEL J i taeue Searles oes ete Bde 3s New Zealand. a. &. Auckland. Sir R. Owen [P.]. (Type.) b. Yg. Bay of Islands. Antarctic Expedition. CS < N. Zealand. Sir J. Richardson [P.]. (Type of N. punctatus.) ad. 9. N. Zealand. C. Darwin, Esq. [C.]. (Type of NV. gray.) NN a ae N. Zealand. Mr. Egerley. | aoe N. Zealand. Antarctic Expedition. w-l, m-p,q. d, 2, N. Zealand. Sir G. Grey | P.]. gr., & yg. ee r, st, u,v, w. 9 N. Zealand. Dr. Sinclair [P.]. & her. x; ae. N. Zealand. Capt. Drury [P.]. a9. Interior of N. Zealand. G. F. Angas, Esq. [P.]. ao. N. Zealand. B-8. 3 QO. N. Zealand. E. 8S. Ellisdon, Esq. [P.]. - o. —-? Haslar Collection. 2. Naultinus rudis. Heteropholis rudis, Fischer, Abh. Naturw. Ver. Brem. vii. 1882, p. 236, pl. xvi. Head elongate oviform, very distinct from neck ; eye moderate, the eyelid not distinct inferiorly ; ear-opening small, linear, oblique. Body and limbs moderate. ‘Two lateral folds of the skin, enclosing a groove. Head covered with granular scales intermixed with larger flat scales, largest and most numerous on the snout. Rostral four times as broad as high; nostril pierced between the first upper labial and three nasals; ten upper and as many lower Jabials; mental three times as broad as high anteriorly, narrowing poste- riorly ; no chin-shields. Back covered with small granular scales, intermixed, especially on the sides, with large roundish, flat or keeled tubercles ; lower surfaces covered with imbricated scales, the throat granular. a DOGG nes ete oe ae FOVe UMP is 55 ees ee ea ing UI esses ot caegre OL 7 New Caledonia. 4. Rhacodactylus trachyrhynchus. Platydactylus duvaucelii, (non D. & B.) Bavay, Cat. Rept. N. Caléd. 6 Bipawiciins ray bebe Fer Bocage, Jorn. Sc. Lisb. iv. 1873, p- 203; Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1883, p. 126, pl. xxi. fig. 2. Chameleonurus trachycephalus, Bouleng. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1878, p. 68, pl. ii. Platydactylus (Rhacodactylus) chahoua, (non Bavay) Sauvage, Bull. Soc. Philom. (7) iii. 1878, p. 66. Chameleonurus chahoua, (zon Bavay) Bouleng. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1879, p. 142; Bocage, Jorn. Sc. Lisb. xxx. 1881, p. 126. Head oviform ; snout longer than the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening, once and two thirds the diameter of the orbit ; ear-opening narrow, horizontal. Body and limbs moderately elongate, rather depressed ; digits broadly dilated, not very unequal, with a distinct rudiment of web, absent between the two outer toes. Sides of neck with irregular folds. Snout and interorbital space 35. RHACODACTYLUS. 179 with very large, unequal, rough tubercles confluent with the cranial ossification ; hinder part of head, body and limbs with very small, equal granular scales; granules smallest on the throat. Rostral broad, quadrangular, with distinct median cleft above; nostril pierced between the first labial and five or six small nasals, the anterior being much the largest ; nine to eleven upper labials; mental small, triangular; nine to eleven infralabials, gradually decreasing in size, inner pair nearly three times as high as broad, in contact behind the mental ; a row of large scales behind the labials. Body covered with uniform small granular scales. Tail cylindrical, with uniform small flat scales arranged in verticils. Male with an irregular patch of very numerous preanal pores. Head brown; the rest of the upper surfaces grey, dotted with darker; lower surfaces dirty white, with scattered grey dots. Total length .......... 308 millim MOSM SN ace eh ees oo Width of head ........ 24 =«z, OY ais Seno apenas 15. 4; OPO TR tic whet as 50S, Mane MD 656555 bas ok GOs: 1 Tenney a Parmenter 1 5); ee New Caledonia. a-b. ¢. - New Caledonia. G. A. Boulenger, Esq. [P.]. 5. Rhacodactylus auriculatus. Platydactylus auriculatus, Bavay, Cat. Rept. N. Caléd. p. 6. Barstalaphiia hexaceros, Bocage, Jorn. Sc. Lash. iv. 1873, p. 205. Platydactylus (Ceratolophus) auriculatus, Sauvage, Bull. ’Soc. Philom. (7) iii. 1878, p. 67. Ceratolophus auriculatus, Bocage, eod. loc. xxx. 1881, p. 180. Rhacodactylus auriculatus, Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1883, p. 127. Head subpyramidal ; snout longer than the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening, once and two thirds the diameter of the orbit, slightly swollen at the end; interorbital space and forehead deeply concave; hinder part of head with knob-like prominences, viz. one above the ear-opening, formed by the free end of the quadrate, and five others formed by the extremities of the parietal bones ; the borders and sutures of the latter form prominent ridges ; the ends of the postfrontal bones and mandible also prominent ; ear-opening large, oval, oblique. Body and limbs moderately elongate, rather depressed ; digits not very broadly dilated, not very unequal, with a very slight rudiment of web, which is altogether absent between the two outer toes. Throat and sides of neck with a few irregular folds; a slight fold bordering the hind limb poste- riorly. Head and body covered with subequal small granular scales, flattened on the belly, smallest on the throat. Rostral n2 180 GECKONIDZ. quadrangular, not quite twice as broad as high, with a small notch in the middle of its upper border; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first upper labial, and seven small nasals, the anterior being much the largest ; sixteen to eighteen upper and fourteen or fifteen lower labials; mental small, subtriangular, separating the inner labials; no regular chin-shields, but larger scales passing gradually into the granules of the throat. Tail cylindrical, covered with uniform small flat scales arranged in verticils. Male with an irregular patch of very numerous preanal pores, and a sort of pouch in the integument of the thigh posteriorly, near the tibia. Yellowish grey, with darker and lighter longitudinal bands on the back ; flanks and limbs marbled with darker; lower surfaces dirty white, with scattered blackish dots. Total length: . 2/0395 205 millim. PlORG Go oe es 0 Sere Width of-head ......., les vgs WONG ices sk era an hers WOPG IMD. areoido sate 49 = Ebind slits i5-¢ senso | Patt 2 sch teqe ca eae 80 New Caledonia. 6. Rhacodactylus ciliatus. © Correlophus ciliatus, Guichen. Mém. Soc. Sc. Nat. Cherb. xii. 1866, p. 249, pl. viii.; Bavay, Cat. Rept. N. Caléd. p. 12. Rhacodactylus ciliatus, Bouleng. Proc. Zovul. Soc. 1883, p. 128. Head very large, oviform, very distinct from neck; forehead deeply concave; snout much longer than the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening, once and two thirds the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening moderately large, suboval, horizontal, slightly oblique. Body and limbs moderately elongate, depressed ; digits moderate, not very unequal, strongly denticulated on the sides, half-webbed ; the web, however, almost entirely absent between the two outer toes. A strong fold of the skin bordering the hind limb posteriorly ; a fold of the skin extends from the eye to the anterior part of the back, where it is separated from its fellow by a rather narrow space ; a slight fold from axilla to groin. Head covered with granular scales, largest on the snout; rostral quadrangular, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first upper labial, and six small nasals ; upper labials thirteen, lower twelve or thirteen; mental small, wedge- shaped ; nochin-shields. Dorsal scales granular, intermixed with larger conical ones on the sides of the vertebral line; the upper eyelid and the fold on the side of the head and anterior part of the back with Jong ciliated scales. Throat covered with small granular scales ; belly with small, slightly imbricated smooth roundish scales. 35. RHACODACTYLUS.—36, LUPEROSAURUS. 181 Tail long, slender, cylindrical, covered with small juxtaposed scales, its distal extremity with a rounded flap of skin, placed horizontally. Yellowish or reddish-brown, lighter beneath. Total length (tail reproduced, rudimentary). 6 63555 6.0%. 109 millim. GGG oe Sacer e cea te en Ss ae WiGta OF NORD ; ae de cea ues eee a Southern Japan; China. 37. @cKo.—38. PTYCHOZOON. 189 a. Ys Japan. Leyden Museum. 1 3 China. J. Reeves, Esq. [P.]. (Type of Gecko chinensis.) e-d. SQ. _: China. Dr. Cantor. (Types of He- midactylus nanus.) ee China. East-India Company. tr Bs China. C. Bowring, eh [Puls 9.2. Kiuliang Mountains. Mr. C. Maries [C.]. A. Her. Chefoo. R. Swinhoe, Esq. Cl} eo. Shanghai. R. Swinhoe, Esq. ko. Sze Chuen. "a Swinhoe, Esq. ie. Ningpo. A. Michie, Esq. | P. ie m-n,o. 3b 2 Formosa. R. Swinhoe, Esq. p. Her. Hongkong. C. Bowring, Esq. 4 6. Gecko swinhonis. Gecko swinhonis, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 104, pl. xii. fig. A. Very closely allied to the preceding. Distinguished by the fol- lowing characters :—The dorsal tubercles are very few and the inner pair of chin-shields is constantly small, widely separated, and there is no trace of web between the toes. Northern China. G:tehs Pekin. R. Swinhoe [C.]. (Type.) b-c. SQ. Pekin. J. Brenchley, Esq. [P.]. d-e, o. Pekin. S. W. Bushell, el P. I-9. Q. Western hills of Pekin. pers Bushell, Esq. tpt 7. Gecko subpalmatus. Gecko subpalmatus, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 104, pl. xii. fig. B. Very closely allied to the two preceding. Distinguished in having the back uniformly granulate, without any tubercles. Chin-shields small. A distinct rudiment of web between the three inner toes. | China. a. 9. Chikiang. Mr. Fortune [C.]. (Type.) . PTYCHOZOON. Ptychozoon. Kuhl, Pia 1822, p. 475; Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. ave Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 20; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p.100; Gray, Cat. p. 164; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 105. Pteropleura, Gray, Phil. Mag. (2) iii. 1827, p. 54 ; Fitzing. l. ce. p. 101. Platydactylus, part., Dum. § Bibr. Erp. Gen. iii. p- 290. Digits strongly dilated, entirely webbed, with undivided lamella below ; all but the thumb and inner toe with a compressed curved distal phalanx with retractile claw, originating a little before the extremity of the digital expansion. Limbs and sides of head, body and tail with much developed membranous expansions acting as parachutes. Upper suifaces covered with juxtaposed granular scales 190 GECKONID&. and tubercles : lower surfaces with small, slightly imbricated scales ; the parachute-membrane covered above with imbricated square scales arranged like the bricks of a wall, scaleless inferiorly. Pupil vertical. Males with preeanal pores. East Indies. 4 1. Ptychozoon homalocephalum. Ptychozoon homalocephala, Gray, Cat. p. 164. aeacipe ra aes Creveldt, Mag. Naturf. Fr, Berl. iii. 1809, we . Vill. Gecko Sonalooe plaka Tilesius, Mém. Acad.’ St. Pétersb. vii. 1820, ie Bey ohasoed siaroiae oem tar Kuhl, Isis, 1822, p. 475 ; Cantor, Cat. Mal. Rept. p. 20; Gtinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 105; Stoliceka, Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xxxix. 1870, p. 159. Pteropleura horsfieldii, Gray, Phil. Mag. (2) iii. p. 54. Platydactylus homalocephalus, Dum. §& Bibr. iii. p. 339, pl. xxviii. fig. 6, & pl. xxix. figs. 1, 2. Head oviform ; snout longer than the distance from the eye to the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit; forehead concave; ear-opening rather large, subcircular. Body and limbs moderate, depressed ; digits short, not very unequal, webbed to the tips; the fore limbs bordered on each side by a broad dermal expansion ; a similar expansion bordering the tibia on each side, the femur posteriorly only. The parachutes on the sides of the body nearly as broad as the latter. Another dermal lobe on the side of the head, below the ear-opening, from the angle of the mouth to the neck. ‘ail elongate, depressed, the sides fringed with a series of rounded lobes, confluent into a broad rounded flap at the extremity. Head and back covered with small granular scales. Rostral large, quadrangular; nostral pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three small nasals; ten to twelve upper and as many lower labials ; rostral small, subtriangular ; three or four small chin-shields on each side, inner elongate. Back with scattered convex tubercles (absent in specimen &). Throat covered with small granules, belly with moderate scales. An angular series of about twenty-five pra- anal pores. Tail distinctly annulate, covered above with small flat granular scales and transverse series of conical tubercles, inferiorly with imbricated scales. Greyish or reddish brown above, with trans- verse undulated dark brown bands ; a dark brown streak from the eye to the first dorsal band. Total leno’ 54252 39-03 4% 188 millim. FIGR ce a eh es by ear Width of head ........ 5 ree WONG red ccsavie wane ois Gos. oy Pore WAY acs eek a, se TOD yocgr caate aides 4aS\ + 1 Rarer rere ae 92 Java; Borneo; Sumatra; Malay peninsula. 38. prycHozoon.—39. HOMOPHOLIS. 191 ab. So. Java. Leyden Museum. ea 2, Java. e-f. Dried specimens. Java. Dr. Horsfield [ P.]. g- 2. , Borneo. L. L. Dillwyn, Esq. [P.]. h-z. Dried specimens. Singapore. Dr. Cantor. kK. 9. Singapore. Gen. Hardwicke [P.]. (Scales uniformly granular, without tubercles.) kd. —? 39. HOMOPHOLIS. Digits strongly dilated, with slight rudiment of web, with transverse undivided lamelle below, all but the thumb and inner toe armed with a retractile claw. Body covered with small flat im- bricated scales. Pupil vertical. Males without preanal nor femoral pores. South Africa. 1. Homopholis wahlbergii. Gecko wahlbergii, Smith, JU, S. Afr., Rept. pl. \xxv. fig. 1. Head thick, oviform ; snout short, very convex, measuring the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and one fourth the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening very small, round. Bod and limbs moderate ; digits not very unequal, with a slight rudiment of web, absent between the two outer toes. Head above and beneath minutely granulate. Rostra] small, subquadrangular, twice as broad as high ; nostril pierced between the first upper labial and five small nasals ; eleven upper and eleven or twelve lower labials; mental small, trapezoid; latter and front labials bordered posteriorly by a row of very small chin-shields. Body and limbs covered above and below with equal, small, subhexagonal imbricated scales, similar to those covering the abdominal region of most Geckos. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with small smooth irregular scales. Grey above, with dark brown variegations ; a dark brown band on each side, from behind the eye to a little beyond the scapular region ; lower surfaces whitish, with a few scattered brown dots. Totes Jength coc cece 177 millim. BACB eg arte ee race 25 4 Width of head’? 2... o2'> 4 Bane cr ge onien ss or Pore mbes sa.cshe we ates a ae Hind ins 5, 3.540005 AD ks Ollie atl aalaeatnee ok Sete 75 Kaffraria. ae Natal. Sir A. Smith [P.]. (Type.) 192 GECKONID &, 40. GECKOLEPIS. Geckolepis, Grandid. Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2) xix. 1867, p. 233. Digits strongly dilated, free, with transverse undivided lamelle below, all furnished with a retractile claw. Body covered with large flat imbricated cycloid scales. Pupil vertical. Madagascar. 1. Geckolepis maculata. Geckolepis maculata, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1880, p. 509, pl. —. fig. 3 ; Boettger, Abh. Senck. Ges. xii. 1881, p. 457. Habit clumsy. Head short. Limbs short, thick; digits short, subequal. Seven or eight upper and as many lower labials; four chin-shields, inner largest, pentagonal, posteriorly truncate. Scales in twenty-five longitudinal series ; thirty-six transverse series from chin-shields to vent. Tail rounded, conical, covered with scales similar to, but rather smaller than, those of the body. Greyish- brown above, with irregular black, and fewer white spots; lips spotted ; lower surfaces dirty white. Total length about 130 millim. N.W. Madagascar ; Nossi Be. 2. Geckolepis typica. Geckolepis typicus, Grandid. 1. c. “ Fire-red above, greyish beneath. Tail depressed, not denti- culated on the sides. Body with rounded, tail with oval scales, all with distinct minute black specks. Mental scute pointed, with two unequal scutes on each side; the other scales similar to the dorsals. From tip of snout to base of tail 40 millim. ; length of tail 40 millim.” Sancta Maria. 41. EURYDACTYLUS. Eurydactylus, Sauvage, Bull. Soc. Philom. (7) iii. 1878, p. 70. Digits strongly dilated, free, with undivided lamella below, with- out compressed distal phalanx, all furnished with a retractile claw. Upper surfaces covered with large flat scales, largest and sub- symmetrical on the head; lower surfaces with juxtaposed flat granules. Tail prehensile. Pupil vertical. Males with preanal pores. . New Caledonia. 1. Eurydactylus vieillardi. Platydactylus vieillardi, Bavay, Cat. Rept. N. Caléd. p. 10. Eurydactylus vieillardi, Sauvage, l. c.; Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc, 1883, p. 129, pl. xxii. fig. 7. Head not depressed, much longer than broad ; snout long, obtuse, with slightly distinct canthus rostralis, and scarcely oblique loreal / 41. EURYDACTYLUS.—42. aLURONYX. 193 region, measuring nearly twice the distance between the eye and the ear-opening or once and three fourths the diameter of the orbit ; ear-opening minute, horizontal. Body slightly compressed, the back keeled.- Limbsshort. Scales of upper surfaces large, separated by intervals forming reticulated lines, much like crocodile-skin ; the shields on the head larger, subsymmetrically arranged. Rostral twice as broad as high, with distinct cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and two nasals; ten upper and nine lower labials ; mental small, trianguiar, the adjacent labials meeting behind; a few irregular chin-shields. Throat covered with small granules ; two strong transverse and two longitudinal folds. Belly covered with rather large flat granules. {Male with a triangular patch of about fifty preeanal pores.| ‘Tail cylindrical, covered with squarish juxtaposed scales arranged in verticils. Upper surfaces reddish yellow ; the interspaces between the scales forming blackish reticulated lines; lower surfaces uniform whitish. Total length. xc ccas ava cass 91 millim. PU ORE eo iit ke cat Bada a cies i . Width of head...... Pe ee ae DOO Genes shinies 50. 4, Dt BN 61 1 Je agg Oo ee ee 14 Hind limb: 4 3s ck eee ss Lee & dit eee ree er Ne Sere Ob New Caledonia. 42. AALURONYX. Platydactylus, part., Dum. § Bibr. Erp. Gén. iii. p. 290. Ailuronyx, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 98. Theconyx, Gray, Cat. p. 159. Digits strongly dilated, free, with undivided lamelle below, all clawed ; claws retractile, ensheathed, the sheath opening inferiorly aud laterally, the three inner claws being turned inwards, the two’ outer outwards. Upper surfaces covered with granular scales ; belly covered with cycloid imbricated scales or juxtaposed granules. Pupil vertical. Males with praanal pores. Seychelles ; Madagascar. ‘1. Ailuronyx seychellensis. Theconyx seychellensis, Gray, Cat. p. 159. Platydactylus seychellensis, Dum. § Bibr. ii. p. 310, pl. xxviii. fig. 1; A. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. pl. xviii. fig. 5. Thecodactylus (Ailuronyx) seychelliensis, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 98. Head longer than broad, with swollen cheeks, not distinct from neck ; snout conical, considerably longer than the distance from the eye to the ear-opening, once and three fourths the diameter of the 0 194 GECKONIDE. . orbit ; ear-opening suboval, oblique, its greatest diameter about half that of the orbit. Body and limbs short, thick ; a groove along the vertebral line; digits short, not very unequal. Head covered with small granular scales of irregular size; nostril pierced between eight or nine small scales ; rostral broad ; thirteen to sixteen upper labials ; thirteen to fifteen infralabials ; mental small, narrow, not longer than the neighbouring labials; six or seven small chin- shields on each side, inner pair elongate. Back and sides with large, juxtaposed, mamilliform or conical tubercles, generally very irregular in size; the vertebral groove with small granules. Limbs and throat granulate. Abdominal scales small, cycloid, imbricate, smooth. Preanal pores in a WAds-shaped line, twenty-nine alto- gether. Tail round, with rather indistinct annuli, covered with small subquadrangular smooth scales. Yellowish or reddish brown above, uniform or variegated with blackish ; lower surfaces yellowish white, immaculate. Total length .......... 202 millim. HORA 28 wich ek aes 9! ae Width of head ........ os of 18 Ga aR EN ee TOT os OMG IDM oc 2d asst ast. sae PASH MD oop ahh ese oe 2 ae POlbe cnn vou nurs bas oF ss Seychelles, a-c. dQ. Seychelles. G. Nevill, Esq. Fo 2 d,e. dQ. Seychelles. Dr. E. P. Wright [P.]. Jf. Skeleton. Seychelles. Dr. E. P. Wright PY 2, Hluronyx trachygaster. Platydactylus trachygaster, A. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 35, and Arch, Mus, viii. p. 452, pl. xvii. fig. 1. Head broad ; snout very obtuse, rounded. No vertebral groove ; a slight fold along the side of the body. ‘Three rows of chin-shields. Dorsal granules more or less prominent, not conical. Belly covered with suboval granules, arranged regularly, each granule being sur- rounded with smaller ones. Fulvous brown, lighter beneath, darkest on the vertebral line. Length of head and body 160 millim. Madagascar. 43. TARENTOLA. 195 43. TARENTOLA*. Platydactyles, part., Cuv. Réegne Anim. ii. p. 45. Tarentola, Gray, Ann. Phil. (2) x. 1825, p. 199, and Cat. Liz. p. 164. Platydactylus, part., Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 142; Dum. § Bibr. Erp. Gén. iii. p. 290. Ascalabotes, Bonap. Amph. Eur. p. 13; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 102. Digits strongly dilated, free, with undivided lamelle below and a flat nail-like scute on their upper surface near the tip; third and fourth clawed, others clawless. Pupil vertical. No femoral or preeanal pores. W. Africa and borders of Mediterranean ; one species in the West Indies (and another stated to be from the United States). All the species agree in the following characters :—The snout is obtuse and convex; the circular lid is well developed, most so superiorly and anteriorly ; the ear-opening is narrow and vertical. The limbs are stout, the digits short and subequal. The body is depressed. The tail when not reproduced is depressed and formed of distinct annuli; its length equals about the distance between the eye and the vent. Behind the latter are two small transverse slits, but there are neither preeanal nor femoral pores. The head is covered with polygonal convex scales, larger than the granules on the body ; the nostril is pierced between the first labial and two small shields ; a trace of median cleft is seen in the upper part of the rostral; the mental is large, wedge-shaped, and separates entirely the chin-shields. The upper surfaces of the body, limbs, * The following species are not sufficiently well established to enter the system :— ; 1. TARENTOLA AMERICANA, Tarentola americana, Gray, Cat. p. 165. ; Platydactylus (Tarentola) americanus, Gray, in Griff. A. K~ ix. Synops. p. 48. —— milbertii, Dum. & Bibr. iii. p. 325. Anterior border of ear denticulated. Back with twelve longitudinal series of large, smooth, convex tubercles close together. New York (?). 2. TARENTOLA CUBANA. Platydactylus (Tarentola) americanus, var. cubanus, Gundl. & Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac, 1864, p. 384. Anterior border of ear denticulated. Back with twenty longitudinal series of strongly keeled large tubercles. Back and tail with broad black transverse bands; a black streak from the eye to the shoulder. Cuba. 3. TARENTOLA CLYPEATA. Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 57. “Fflead flattened and circumscribed by a cross rib behind, covered with larger convex scales ; back granular with close cross ridges of tubercles; greyish in spirits: limbs and tail slender.” ab, ——? 02 196 GECKONID&. and tail are covered with granules of subequal size, intermixed with larger scales arranged symmetrically on the back and tail ; the lower surfaces are covered with flat, hexagonal, slightly imbricate scales ; these are largest, and transversely dilated on the lower surface of the tail, Iam not able to distinguish the sexes externally. Synopsis of the Species. I. A supraorbital bone. Dorsal tubercles strongly keeled ; anterior border of ear not denticulated ........ 1. mauritanica, p. 196. Dorsal tubercles not keeled ; anterior border of ear denticulated ; all the chin-shields in contact with the infralabials........ 2. annularis, p. 197. Dorsal tubercles not keeled ; anterior border of ear not denticulated; only the inner- most chin-shield in contact with the ROVE S DUAR ons ouss sige oa ott ere Eaten 3. ephipprata, p. 198. Il. No supraorbital bone. Snout a little longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening ; mental not thrice as long as it is broad in hie: BIO so aes san Se ee “4. delalandii, p. 199. Snout as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening ; mental thrice as long as it is broad in the middle .... 5. gigas, p. 200. 1. Tarentola mauritanica. Tarentola mauritanica, Gray, Cat. p. 164, Lacerta mauritanica, Linn. S. N. i. p. 202. Gekko muricatus, Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 44. Stellio mauritanicus, Meyer, Syn. Rept. p. 31. Gecko fascicularis, Daud. Rept. iv. p. 144. Gekko stellio, Merr. Tent. p. 43. Tarentola stellio, Gray, Ann. Phil. (2) x. 1825, p. 199. Gecko mauritanicus, Risso, Hist. Nat. Eur. Mér. p. 87. Platydactylus fascicularis, Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 142. —— (Tarentola) fascicularis, Gray, in Graf. A, K. ix. Syn. p. 48. —— muralis, Dum. § Bibr, iii. p. 319. Ascalabotes mauritanicus, Bonap. Amph. Eur. p. 28, and Faun. Ital. Platydactylus facetanus (Aldrov.), Strauch, Erp. Alg. p. 22; Schreib. Herp. Eur. p. 490. —— mauritanicus, Boettger, Abh. Senck. Ges. ix. 1874, p. 16. A supraorbital bone. Snout longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening. Rostral twice as broad as high; ten upper labials, the last minute; mental not twice as long as it is broad in the middle, its posterior border not quite half as broad as its anterior ; chin-shields two or three on each side, in contact with 43, TARENTOLA. 197 the lower labials; latter eight or nine. Anterior border of ear- opening not denticulated. Sides of neck and body and upper sur- face of limbs with conical tubercles. Back with seven or nine longitudinal.series of very prominent, strongly keeled, large tuber- cles. Anterior part of tail with posteriorly directed spine-like tubercles. Greyish brown above, more or less distinctly marbled with darker and lighter ; a more or less distinct dark streak on each side of the head, through the eye. Potal longth....2244.44 155 millim. PGA ss ce nateas eae , Sees Width of head ........ EPS 4 Body catenin oN ate See 54, Hore limb 2444562 cy ee Zoe og Hind dim) je ccnaniries a 5 ee RG arcivee ntie ances Ve 7 ‘5 Mediterranean District. ac, Ad. Valencia, Spain. Lord Lilford [P.}. d-h, Ad. Spain. Lord Lilford [ P.]. t-m. Ad. & her. ear Lisbon. H. O. Forbes, Esq. [P.]. n-o. Yg. Sicily. T. Bell, Esq. [P.]. p. Skeleton. Sardinia. q-r. Ad. & hgr. Mogador. J.McAndrew, Esq.[P. ]. 8. Ad. Tunis. P. L. Sclater, Esq. | P.}. t. Ad, Tripoli. J. Ritchie, Esq. [P.]. u-w. Ad. & her. Susa, Tripoli. Mr. Fraser [C. ]. a-B. Ad. & her. Kgypt. T. Burton, Esq. [P.]. y-e. Ad. & hgr N. Africa. (-y. Ad. Mediterranean. J. Miller, Esq. [P.]. é-.. Ad. Mediterranean. Ke Lidl, P 2. Tarentola annularis. Tarentola «egyptiaca, Gray, Cat. p. 165. Gecko annularis, Geoffr. Descr. Egypte, Rept. p. 130, pl. v. figs. 6 & 7. savignyl, Aud. eod, loc. Suppl. p. 164, pl. i. fig. 1. Platydactylus sgyptiacus, Cuv. R. A. 2nd edit. ii. p. 53; Dum. § Bibr, iil. p. 322, pl. xxviii. fig. 3. A supraorbital bone. Snout as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening. Rostral twice as broad as high; ten or eleven upper labials, the last minute; mental about twice as long as it is broad in the middle, its posterior border half as broad as its anterior; chin-shields two or three on each side, in contact with the lower labials ; latter nine or ten. Anterior border of ear with a denticulation formed by small conical tubercles. Sides of neck and body and upper surface of limbs with convex or conical tubercles, Back with eight or ten longitudinal series of ‘slightly convex large tubercles. Anterior part of tail with posteriorly directed conical tubercles. Light greyish brown above, with five more or less 198 GECKONID&, distinct transverse brown bands on the back ; the anterior unites with a dark streak on each side of the head, passing through the eye; four equidistant white spots on scapular region, each situated behind and at the end of the two anterior dark dorsal cross bands. Totelsegewy i ssia.0525 ee 208 millim. 5s Re ee Eee a 5 ae Width of head ........ yo a BONG Giese scares teers Hote: Dic. os ooo caress at. 3 FEI AN 8 oak yin 5 pat 54 CO, BU bie cesses hate ohn a 7 = Egypt; Arabia; Abyssinia. a-c. Ad. Egypt. A. Christy, Esq. [P.]. d-h, Ad. & yg. Egypt. Sir J. G. Wilkinson tea, 1-k, Ad. & hgr. Medinet Abu, Dr. Anderson [P. ]. Upper Egypt. Lm, Ad. & yg. Mount Sinai. 3. Tarentola ephippiata. (Piate XVI. fig. 1.) Tarentola ephippiata, O’Shaughn. Ann. Mag. N. H. (4) xvi. 1875, p- 264, A supraorbital bone. Snout as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening. Scales on upper surface of snout and supraorbitals larger than in the other species. Rostral not twice as broad as high; nine or ten upper labials, the last minute ; mental twice as long as it is broad in.the middle, its posterior border not half as broad as its anterior ; chin-shields three on each side, the innermost in contact with the labial, the others separated from the labials by a row of small shields; lower labials eight. Anterior border of ear-opening not denticulated. Back with twelve longitu- dinal series of large oval flat tubercles; similar tubercles on the sides and limbs. Anterior part of tail with rows of large, not very prominent tubercles. Pale reddish brown above ; a reddish-brown streak on each side of the head, passing through the eye, gradually broadening and finally joining its fellow on the anterior part of the ack; hinder part of back and tail with transverse dark patches. Total length... 4.562444 122 millim. G80 och canes eee it: Width of head... 35.....«. js ee OOS 's. cnd Fess oer 44 ,, Pee BMY noha a een Wind dim v5 oes oo a ME in Ge ariaeen. 59 i, West Africa. "a,b, Adult. W. Africa, (Types.) 43. TARENTOLA. 199 4. Tarentola delalandii. Tarentola delalandii, Gray, Cat. p. 165. Tarentola borneensis, Gray, 1. c. Platydactylus delalandii, Dum. § Bobr. iii. p. 324; Boettger, Abh. Senck. Ges. ix. 1874, p. 59, pl. —. fig. 2. Ascalabotes delalandii, Girard, U. S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 289. No supraorbital bone. Snout a little longer than the distance between theeye and the ear-opening. Rostral twice as broad as high ; ten upper labials, the last minute; mental at least twice as long as it is broad in the middle, its posterior border not quite half as broad as its anterior; chin-shields two or three on each side, the innermost twice as long as it is broad in the middle, in contact with the lower labials; latter eight or nine. Anterior border of ear-opening not denticulated. Sides of neck and body and upper surface of limbs with convex subconical tubercles. Back with twelve longitudinal series of smooth or very feebly keeled large tubercles. Anterior part of tail with large prominent tubercles, obtusely pointed, the point directed posteriorly. Reddish grey above, with more or less distinct transverse dark reddish-brown bands on the back and tail; these dark dorsal bands generally bordered posteriorly by a row of white tubercles; a more or less distinct dark streak on each side of the head, through the eye. Total fongth: ¢. wees css 137 millim. Mend wk wes aa ears me, Fed Width of head csi sc 9 3, BONY rein ae es 66° G; Pore Mmahy: sce s cs Lae Oe ae Hind Wnty yg ae es 34 Ci, RU Seog ee see ace 9 ate DG. 4, West Africa, from Madeira to Guinea. a. wide spec.: ad. Madeira. P. B. Webb, Esq. [P.] & her. ay ae Madeira. Sir A. Smith [P.]. e-d. Ad. Teneriffe. ‘Challenger ’ Exped. e-f. Ad. & hgr. Canaries. Rev. R. T. Lowe [P.]. g. Her. St. Vincent. Rev. R. T. Lowe [P.}. h-i. Ad. St. Vincent. J. Macgillivray, Esq. [C.]. k-l. Ad. & her. St. Vincent. Dr. Cunningham (ey. m. Ad. Senegambia. Baron v. Maltzan [C.]. n-o. Ad. Porto Praya, Cape CC. Darwin, Esq. [C.]. Verde. p. Ad. Porto Praya, Cape ‘Challenger’ Exped. Verde, gq. Many dpe ad., Niger. hgr., & yg ‘| r-s. Ad. —? Sir E. Belcher [ P.]. (Types of Tarentola borneensis.) 200 GECKONIDZ. 5. Tarentola gigas. . Ascalabotes gigas, Bocage, Jorn. Se. Lish. y. 1875, p. 108. No supraorbital bone. Snout as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening. Rostral twice as broad as high ; ten upper labials, the last minute; mental nearly three times as long as it is broad in the middle, its posterior border not half as broad as its anterior ; chin-shields three on each side, in contact with the labials, the innermost twice as long as broad; infralabials eight. Anterior border of ear-opening not denticulated. Body with sixteen longi- tudinal series of flat or very feebly keeled large tubercles ; similar tubercles on the limbs and on the anterior part of the tail. Brownish grey above, with more or less defined dark transverse bands on the back and tail; sometimes a lighter vertebral band; a dark streak, bordered above with lighter, on each side of the head, passing through the eye. otal lengths... 5 ose os 191 millim. EEORIM Gis Sway s Srceetnd nee Width of head ........ >: ar BONY seas wee aie ees a” 5 POPE MUD = ane Interior of South Africa. a, Adult. 8. Africa. Sir A. Smith [P.]. (Type.) 5. Pachydactylus oshaughnessyi. (Prarr XVI. fig. 3.) Head regularly oviform, not much broader than the neck; snout obtuse, subtriangular, a little longer than the diameter of the orbit. Ear-opening very small, oval, oblique. Limbs moderate; digits short, of subequal width throughout their length, with four or five lamelle inferiorly. Body not much depressed. Tail rounded, very thick in its anterior half, ending in a thin point. Snout covered with convex scales which are much larger than the granules of the back; the remainder of the head covered with very small gra- nules intermixed with larger ones ; naso-rostrals in contact; rostral broader than high ; eight upper labials ; seven lower labials, first as long as, and broader than, the mental ; latter a little narrowed pos- teriorly, twice as long as broad. Back covered with small granules intermixed with large, keeled, conical tubercles arranged rather irregularly. Outer side of femur and tibia with conical tubercles. Throat granulate, belly covered with moderate-sized imbricated scales, Tail covered with rather large, equal, strongly imbricate, cycloid, smooth scales. Head yellowish, bordered by a_ blackish streak 44, pAcnYDACTYLUS. 205 extending from one nostril to the other, passing through the eye and conturning the occiput; this streak bordered posteriorly by a broader cream-coloured band ; back and upper surface of tail light brown, the former with two, the latter with seven, large, transverse, cream- coloured, blackish-edged spots; limbs and lower surfaces uniform cream-coloured. Total length. cs s04 2 i 79 millim. RPGR oes eae eh ek ee i bs Seer Width or: head. % ois sx./ Oe! 4s Ss SRR he Eo Ag SA OS Pas Povo Um ere i5 oe oe ibs ee Hind ib oe0k to. eee i eae 1 ge Rescue neta te Bree erect Orr 5 Lake Nyassa. 8 a. Adult. Lake Nyassa. Mr. B. Thelwall [C. }. b. Young. Lake Nyassa. Mr. A. A. Simons [C.]. 6. Pachydactylus ocellatus. Pachydactylus ocellatus, Gray, Cat. p. 167. Gecko ocellatus (Oppel), Cuv. R. A. ii. p. 46. ? Gecko inunguis, Cuv. J. ¢. Platydactylus (Phelsuma) ocellatus, Gray, in Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. 47 p. 47. Pachydactylus bergii, Wiegym. Herp. Mex. p. 19. Platydactylus ocellatus, Dum. § Bibr, iii. p. 298. Pachydactylus ocellatus, Stetndachn. Novara, Rept. p. 10. Snout very short, scarcely longer than the diameter of the orbit, obtuse, convex. Ear-opening subcircular. Body not much depressed. Limbs moderate; digits short, subequal, the end not much dilated, with four or five lamelle inferiorly. Tail thick, rounded, tapering. Upper surface of head, body, and limbs covered with granules of nearly equal size. Naso-rostrals generally separated; rostral scarcely broader than high ; upper labials eight or nine; lower labials seven or eight, the anterior as long as, and broader than, the mental ; latter quadrangular, not, or but little, narrowed posteriorly. Abdominal scales imbricate, equal. Caudal scales smooth, slightly imbricate, subequal, about twice as large as the granules of the back. Male with a series of three or four conical scales on each side of the base of the tail. Grey or brown above, with small, white, dark-edged ocelli; upper lip white ; a dark streak on the side of the head and neck, passing through the eye; whitish beneath, throat dotted with brown. Total lenge thscss9% oss 3 73 millim. TGR e ee her as oat EOD as Width of head 4.6 o.5%. Sd", BOGS sis 55s arta ate thls Oo 45 Hore di... sis ase 14 206 GECKONID, PG SUD... 2) os bees 16 millim. ROM ad ose 5 oe gens 30.—C*=«, South Africa, a-c. dO. Island of Ascension. H.M.S. ‘ Chanticleer.’ df. 39. Cape of Good Hope. Dr. J. Lee [P.]. g. 6. Cape of Good Hope. h. do. Reece: Prof. Barboza du Bocage [P. ]. ies —} 7. Pachydactylus punctatus. Pachydactylus punctatus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1854, p. 615, and Reisen. Mossamb. iii. p. 26, pl. v. fig. 2. Differs from P. ocellatus in having the snout somewhat longer and more pointed, the granules of the back and the scales of the tail larger, and the scales on the snout three or four times as large as those on the back of the head. Seven upper and six lower labials.. Brown above, spotted with blackish brown; behind the eye a yellow band, blackish-edged above ; lower surfaces pure white. Mozambique. 8. Pachydactylus maculatus. (Puarr XVI. fig. 4.) Pachydactylus maculatus, Gray, Cat. p. 167. Pachydactylus maculatus, Smith, Ill. S. Afr., Rept. App. p. 4. _ Agrees in size, proportions, and scutellation with. P. ocellatus, ex- cept that the granules of the back are intermixed with scattered larger tubercles, twice or three times the size of the granules, that there are a few conical tubercles on the outer side of the tibia, and that there is one lamella less under the disks of the digits. Greyish or brownish above ; a broad dark brown streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye, converging towards its fellow on the occiput ; back with four longitudinal series of large dark brown spots, those of the outer series generally, those of the inner series constantly confluent into a band ; tail spotted and variegated with dark brown ; lower surfaces dotted with brown. South Africa. a. Q. S. Africa. Saffron Walden Nat. Hist. Soc. [P.]. (Type.) b. Manyspec.:d,2, 8. Africa. F. P. M. Weale, te Ba & veg. ¢, pity a: S. Africa. Ff. Young. Cape Colony. F. P. M. Weale, Esq. [P.]. a8: Port Elizabeth. h. 3 (anomalously Karroo, The Trustees of the South- large specimen, African Museum [P.]. 56 millim. from snout to vent). i. d. —? Prof. St.George Mivart [P. ]. k. 3 . —-? 44, PACHYDACTYLUS. 207 9. Pachydactylus mentomarginatus. (Puiare XVI. fig. 5.) Pachydactylus mentomarginatus, Smith, Ill. 8S. Afr., Rept. App. p. 5. Snout short, as long as the diameter of the orbit, convex, rounded. Ear-opening oval. Body not much depressed. Limbs rather long ; digits short, subequal, of subequal width, with four lamelle inferiorly ; the outer toe inserted a good deal below the fourth. ‘Tail i4 Head covered with granules intermixed with larger ones posteriorly ; naso-rostrals separated ; rostral broader than high; eight or nine upper labials ; eight or nine infralabials, gradually decreasing in size, the anterior as long as, and broader than, the mental; latter square, not narrowed posteriorly. Back granular, intermixed with large, feebly- keeled, roundish tubercles, arranged irregularly. Outer part of femur and tibia with scattered oval, strongly-keeled, large tubercles. Lower surfaces covered with very small scales. Reddish brown above; head - variegated with whitish. Back with five transverse, dentated, whitish, dark-brown-edged bands, much narrower than the interspaces ; lower surfaces dirty white (wine-yellow according to Smith), the throat freckled with brownish, and the lower edge of the infralabials mar- gined with brown. Total length (tail missing) 29 millim. 9 fF Ee ne eer mn ee Py Width of head ........ G5:.,, 17 | eacetr pres Pp a PEORP Re AEN | ee Note mb: icine eee Dice, Hind: Fmd Sk ies tS Interior of South Africa. a-b, Hgr. ? S. Africa. Sir A. Smith [P.]. (Types.) 10. Pachydactylus mariquensis. (Puiare XVI. fig. 6.) Pachydactylus mariquensis, Smith, Ill. S. Afr., Rept. App. p. 3. Head very convex ; snout very short, hardly as long as the diameter of the orbit, round. LEar-opening oval or subcircular. Body not much depressed. Limbs long; digits rather short, the end slightly dilated, with three lamellz inferiorly ; the outer toe inserted a good deal below the fourth. Tail cylindrical, tapering, without annuli. Upper surface of head, body, and limbs covered with granules of subequal size; naso-rostrals generally in contact; rostral broader than high; upper labials seven or eight ; lower labials six or seven, gradually decreasing in size, the anterior as long as, and broader than, the mental, which is very slightly narrowed posteriorly. Ab- dominal scales equal. Caudal scales equal, smooth, slightly imbri- cated, much larger than the granules of the back. Male with a series of four conical scales on each side of the base of the tail. Grey above, with reddish-brown blackish-margined markings ; these 208 GECKONID. markings are a spot on the nose, another on the forehead, a semi- circular broad bar surrounding the back of the head, stretching from eye to eye, and posteriorly directed angular broad bars on the back and tail; lower surfaces whitish, immaculate. Total Tonge 6 258 os/sncs 87 millim. * POA ccc Serecaaty aries eee © eae Width of head ........ OK os IOUS or sions e ee ee ee IAI ae Hore HM” no ee vee 1a Hing dish: os es oe ot ay MO ree oat ae eS ao Interior of South Africa. a-d. 3 Q. S. Africa. Sir A. Smith [P.]. (Types.) 45, COLOPUS. Colopus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1869, p. 57. Tips of fingers slightly dilated, of toes rather narrowed; no claws ; two enlarged scales under the extremity of the digits and a nail-like scale above, the rest being covered with small granules. Dorsal’ scales uniform, granular ; abdominal scales imbricate. Pupil ver- tical. No preanal or femoral pores. South Africa. 1. Colopus wahlbergii. Colopus wahlbergii, Peters, /. c. pl. —. fig. 1. Head short, convex; ear-opening small, oblique. Convex scales on the snout hardly larger than those on the back ; the latter equal those of the submental region, whilst those on the gular region are the smallest. Rostral broader than mental; eight or nine upper and seven lower labials ; nostril between three nasals, the anterior largest. Limbs moderate; digits short. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with uniform, smooth, imbricate scales, which are about twice as large as the ventrals. Olive-green above, with large yellow, darker-edged spots, which are confluent into irregular cross bands on the back; a yellow median streak from snout to occiput; lower surfaces light yellow. Total lopgth «2 eds 135 millim. Head to ear-opening.... 14 ,, From snout to vent .... 52 ,, ORG GINO: oes Sek oes 25)" 3; MEH ND. ss ea eas 30 ss Damaraland. 46. DACTYCHILIKION.—47. PHELSUMA. 209 46. DACTYCHILIKION. Dactychilikion, Thominot, Bull. Soc. Philom. (7) ii. 1878, p. 254. Digits dilated at the apex only, spatulate, inferiorly with trans- verse undivided lamella furnished on their hinder edge with fine fringes giving them a felt-like appearance. No claws (?). Back covered with small hexagonal scales. Abdominal scales large, hexagonal. South Africa. 1. Dactychilikion braconnieri. ‘Dactychilikion braconnieri, Thom. J. c. Limbs long and slender. Five lamelle under the digits; seven plates of different shapes on the upper side. Seven upper and eight lower labials; three chin-shields. Tail very slender and flat at its extremity, as long as head and body. Olive-green above, marbled with blackish ; three small transverse black spots near the insertion of the thighs; limbs with reddish-brown chevron-shaped bands ; tail annulate with black; abdomen yellowish white. Total length 112 millim. Near Lake N’Gami. 47. PHELSUMA. Platydactylus, part., Cuv. Regne Anim. ii. p. 45. Phelsuma, Gray, Ann. Phil. (2) x. 1825, p. 199, and Cat. Inz. p. 166; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 112. Anoplopus, part., Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 142. Platydactylus, part., Dum. § Bibr. ii. p. 290, Anoplopus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 99. Digits strongly dilated, free, clawless, inner rudimentary, with undivided lamelle below. Pupil round; eyelid distinct all round the eye. Males with preanal or femoral pores. Madagascar, Comoro, Seychelles, Mauritius, Bourbon, Rodriguez, and Andaman Islands. All the species agree in the following characters :—The head is rather elongate and the snout obtusely conical; the eye is small for the family, with circular pupil and a well-developed lid all round; the ear is round or vertically oval. The limbs are stout ; the digits very unequal in size; the inner appears as a small tubercle; the longest or fourth is narrow in its basal half. The body is depressed and covered with small, subequal, granular scales. The males have two series of pores uniting in an angular line in front of the vent; in both sexes two small transverse slits behind the anal cleft. The tail is more or less depressed, tapering, and formed of more or less marked segments. The head is covered with granular scales, largest on the snout. The mental is subtriangular and does not separate the inner chin-shields. The scales on the belly are rather large, flat, imbricate. P 210 © GECKONID ®. Synopsis of the Species. I. The suture between the rostral and first upper labial falls below the centre of the nostril. A. Ventral scales smooth. Snout twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; latter oval, its diameter half or three fifths that of the orbit ; femoro-preanal pores 14 to 22 altogether .......... Snout twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; latter round, one fourth or one third the diameter of the orbit; 24 to 30 HOres AOSOHHOE ie .k bw hae Ss Snout not twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; latter oval, its diameter not half that of the orbit; gular granules as large as the ventral scales; 10 to 12 pores BICOMORHED: ct. cerpnsinionce main ero ee tare Snout nearly twice as longas the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; latter oval, measuring one third the diameter of the orbit ; 45 or 46 pores RISGOGUNOR 6 aie See eh ee on a) B. Ventral scales keeled. Snout twice as Jong as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; latter oval, its diameter half that of the OURIEs A POOR sn ek oc ee ee sb 1. cepedianum, p. 211. 3. andamanense, p. 212. 4. newtonit, p. 212. 5. guentheri, p. 213. 2. trilineatum, p. 212, II. Nostril pierced above the first upper labial only. A. Ventral scales smooth. Snout twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; femoro-preanal pores 33 to 50 alto- ROUNOE F isk Vis vee Winn tisenle aigevekie 6 cresaze Snout not twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; tail very much depressed, nearly as broad as the body; 26 to 28 pores POMS act's erst ons: sure oe Sacer a thas B. Ventral scales keeled. Snout not twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; 24 to 30 pores altogether .......... 6. madagascariense, [p. 214. 7. laticauda, p. 215. 8. lineatum, p. 216. 47. PHELSUMA. A 1. Phelsuma cepedianum. Phelsuma cepedianus, Gray, Cat. p. 166. Gecko cépédien, Cuv. R. A. ii. p. 46. Gecko cepedianus, Merr. Tent. p. 45. Phelsuma cepedianum, Gray, Ann. Phil, (2) x. 1825, p. 199. Platydactylus cepedianus, Cuv. R, A. 2nd edit. ii. p.52; Geoffr. Mag. Zool. iii. 1833, pl. iii. Phelsuma ornatum, Gray, in King's Voy. Austral. ii. p. 428. Platydactylus cepedianus, part., Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 801. Anoplopus cepedeanus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 99. Snout twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear- _ opening or the diameter of the orbit. Upper part of rostral with a median cleft. Nostril pierced above the rostral and first labial, the suture between those two plates entering its lower border ; eight to ten upper labials; six to eight infralabials; chin-shields three on each side, gradually decreasing in size, inner pair consider- ably larger than outer; three scales between the naso-rostrals. Ear-opening large, its vertical diameter half or three fifths that of the orbit. Dorsal scales all granular, perfectly smooth. Ventral scales smooth. Femoral pores seven to eleven on each side, nine being the usual number. Tail not much depressed, narrower than the body ; segments of tail rather indistinctly marked, composed each of six or seven transverse rows of scales on the side, eight or nine on the upper surface ; lower surface of tail (when intact) with a double tessellated series of larger scales (the reproduced tail shows no trace of segments, and the lower surface bears generally a series of strongly transversely dilated scales); all the caudal scales perfectly smooth. _ Upper parts bluish or purplish in spirits, with reddish markings ; of these a f}-shaped band on the snout, extending from eye to eye, and a band from the eye to the shoulder, sometimes extending along the side of the body, passing through the ear, are constant; there are frequently two or three longitudinal bands on the nape; a variously shaped interocular marking; dorsal and caudal spots irregular, numerous ; lower surfaces whitish, the throat sometimes greyish, but never spotted. Total lengthy ics ss 118 millim. OR S08. Kemer ss eek OC S3y Width of head ........ 12; Bodye ns a5 es aoe Toke rae Moremi Ge nna gene 20 3 Bind Tim res, Siege ee 5 ae AEGAN co atcaky Sat Sea nla as 5 ee Mauritius and Bourbon. a. ¢. Mauritius. yo dates P, King [P.]}. (Type of P. ornatum.) b-1. 5,9, & yg. Mauritius. Sir H. Barkly [P.]. e. Her. Mauritius. Sir W. Hooker [P.]. y tee Mauritius. E. Newton, Esq. [P.]. ee Bourbon. B:2 212 GECKONID®. 2. Phelsuma trilineatum. Phelsuma lineatum, part., Gray, Cat. p. 166. Phelsuma trilineatum, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 57. _Agrees in every respect with P. cepedianum, but the ventral scales are keeled, though less strongly than in P. lineatum, and the segments of the tail are composed of seven transverse rows of scales above and five or six on the side. Madagascar. a. O Madagascar. Dr. J. E. Gray [P.]. (Type.) b. Ss. —? 3. Phelsuma andamanense. Phelsuma andamanense, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxix. 1860, p- 108; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 112; Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxxix. 1870, p. 162; Anderson, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 160 ; Stoliczka, Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xiii. 1873, p. 163. Gecko chameleon, Tytler, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxxiii. 1864, p. 548. Snout twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear- opening, or the diameter of the orbit. Upper part of rostral with a median cleft. Nostril pierced above the rostral and first labial, the suture between the two plates entering its lower border; nine or ten upper labials ; eight or nine infralabials ; chin-shields irregular, scarcely distinct from the surrounding scales ; two or three scales between the naso-rostrals. Ear-opening small, round, one fourth or one third the diameter of the orbit. Dorsal scales all granular, perfectly smooth. Ventral scales smooth. Femoral pores twelve to fifteen on each side. Tail not much depressed, narrower than the body; segments of tail rather indistinctly marked, composed of seven transverse series on the side, of nine above; lower surface of tail with a median series of transversely dilated scales, two narrower ones alternating with a broader one ; all the caudal scales perfectly smooth. Greenish above, with more or less numerous orange spots, which, however, may be absent; an orange streak from the ear to the nostril, passing through the eye, and another, A -shaped, from eye to eye, are generally present ; lower surfaces whitish, throat not spotted. Size and proportions of P. cepedianum. Andaman Islands. , a. Several spec.: ¢ 9. Andaman Islands. Col. R. C. Tytler [P.]. 4, Phelsuma newtonii. (Pxiarz XVII.) Phelsuma newtonii, Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1884, p. 2. Snout once and two thirds as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening. Upper part of rostral with a median cleft ; nostril pierced above and between the rostral and the first labial ; eight upper labials; seven infralabials ; chin-shields, only the inner pair well distinguished from the gular scales, which are larger than in the other species, equalling the ventral scales in size ; three scales between the naso-rostrals. Ear-opening small, its vertical diameter not half that of the orbit. All the scales on the 47. PHELSUMA, 213 back and sides very small, granular, without trace of a keel; ventrals smooth. Digits shorter than in the other species. Tail much depressed,.as broad as the pelvic region, with extremely strongly marked segments; these composed of seven or eight transverse rows of scales above, of five or six beneath; all the scales of the tail perfectly smooth, those on the lower surface larger, subequal, without median transversely dilated scales. Praanal pores forming a short angular series in front of the vent, six on each side. Upper parts blackish olive, lower bluish grey; lips and throat whitish in specimen a. POU ACROUH os ina es 223 millim. ic 7 ae OR ee nee eae 20) NV MIU OF MORO) ie yo ea ORY a aie ge Be ines ot ae OVC MIN 622 see cictaon sts alae HnG UMP ares eireeen 41 ,, BEE acl i Cita Re nee ES oa Rodriguez. a. d. Rodriguez. E. Newton, Esq. [P.]. bo. Rodriguez. J.C. O'Halloran, Esq. [P.]. (Types.) 5. Phelsuma guentheri. A large species with the physiognomy of P. madagascariense. Snout nearly twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening. Rostral with median cleft above ; nostril pierced above the rostral and the first labial, the suture between those two plates entering its lower border ; eleven to fourteen upper and nine or ten lower labials; chin-shields rather small, three or four on each side, decreasing in size from inner to outer, well distinguished from the gular granules, which are minute; a single scale between the anterior nasals. Ear-opening oval, about one third the diameter of the orbit. All the scales of the back and sides very small, granular, without trace of a keel; ventrals smooth. Tail depressed, much narrower than the body, divided into distinct segments, each of which contains six transverse rows of scales on the side, eight or nine on the upper surface; lower surface with enlarged scales, not dilated transversely ; all the caudal scales perfectly smooth. Femoral pores forming a long series, as in P. madagas- cariense, composed of forty-five or forty-six pores altogether. Upper surfaces uniform grey (epidermis lost); lower surfaces whitish. Total engey: vi sad63 65% 223 millim. TCA eco eck na eects Or 5s Width of head .......,.. 24. ~«C« Body oe wncy se vate et ae 3 ,, Pore JUDD 5.073 ie- cas, Se 0s 40°, Hind limo 3 eae sau 49°. ; Tail (reproduced) ...... 98 ‘Round Island, near Mauritius. a-c. 6 9. Round Island. Dr. A, Giinther [P.]. 214 GECKONID. 6. Phelsuma madagascariense. Phelsuma il one ee Gray, Cat. p. 166. Platydactylus cepedianus, ett , Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. er —— cepedianus, var., 4. Dum. Cat, Méth, Coll. Rept.p Phelsuma grandis, Gray, Ann. Mag. N. H. (A) vi. i876, . “ol. Pachydactylus cepedianus, var. madagascariensis, Boettg. Abh. Senck. Ges, xii. 1881, p. 458. Snout twice as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening or the diameter of the orbit. Upper part of rostral with a median cleft. Nostril pierced above and bordered beneath by the first labial ; upper labials seven to nine; lower labials six to eight; chin-shields three on each side, gradually decreasing in size, inuer pair about twice as large as outer. Generally a single scale between the naso-rostrals. Ear-opening small, its ver- tical diameter not half that of the orbit. Scales on hinder half of back distinctly, though very feebly, keeled in adult specimens. Ventral scales smooth. Femoral pores seventeen to twenty-five on each side in the adult, a few less in the young. Tail not very much depressed, narrower than the body; segments of tail rather indistinct, composed each of five or six transverse rows of scales on the side, seven to nine on the upper surface ; lower surface of tail (when intact) with a median series of transversely dilated scales, two narrower ones alternating with a broader one; the reproduced tail shows no trace of annuli, and the lower surface bears a series of very strongly dilated scales, some of which may be dilated along the middle ; the scales on the upper surface of the tail, at least in its anterior part, keeled. Upper parts greenish, bluish, or purple in spirits,uniform or with bright (red) markings ; these form generally a band from eye to nostril, and a A-shaped mark on the forehead ; no band on temple or side of neck; on the back the markings may form irregular roundish spots, transverse bands, or a large vermicu- lation ; throat with more or less distinct blackish markings. Total length .......... 203 millim. PIGAG 4 cce yee te et 26." “4 Width.of head .:...... 7) ane OU le cass sheik Pee tees B0n Boreunnh: wage cee 5) Pind timbre sae 2s oe aber Tail (reproduced) ...... beers Madagascar ; Seychelles (and probably Comoro Islands). ad. Madagascar. Dr. J. E. Gray [P.]. Type. b. Madagascar. (Type of Phelsuma grandis.) c-e, f-i.d, 9, & yg. Seychelles. Dr. On, P. Wright k. Yg., dried. Zungomero. of t. Tpeks oy l-m. Yg. Quellimane. (Probably im- Sir. J. Kirk ported.) 47. PHELSUMA. 215 Pachydactylus dubius, Boettger, Zool. Anz. 1881, p. 46, and Abh. Ver. Brem. vii. p. 179, and Abh. Senck. Ges. xii. p. 464, from Nossi Ké, is perhaps a young P. madagascariense; the characters upon which that form now rests seem hardly sufficient to admit it as a species. The following is an abstract of the description :— In habit intermediate between P. madaguscariense and P. lati- cauda. KRostral with a median cleft above ; nostril pierced above the first upper labial ; naso-rostrals separated by three scales; chin- shields four on each side, of equal size, scarcely larger than the surrounding gular scales. Dorsal scales rather large, smooth ; abdominal scalessmooth. Caudal scales smooth; the caudal segments composed of five or six transverse rows of scales above. Femoral pores twelve or thirteen on each side. Reddish brown above, spotted and variegated with yellowish anteriorly, with bluish posteriorly ; two blackish lateral streaks ; lower surfaces whitish, immaculate. 7. Phelsuma laticauda. Pachydactylus cepedianus, var., Boettg. Abh. Senck. Ges. xi, 1879, . 480. laticauda, Boetty. Zool. Anz. 1880, p. 280, and Abh. Senck. Ges. xii, 1881, p. 461. _ Snout once and two thirds as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, twice the diameter of the orbit. Rostral without median cleft; nostril pierced above, and bordered beneath by the first upper labial; eight to ten upper labials; seven to nine lower labials ; chin-shields eight, subequal, the inner pair hardly larger than the outer; generally a single scale between the naso-rostrals. Vertical diameter of the ear-opening about half the diameter of the orbit. Dorsal scales smooth or more or less di- stinctly keeled. Ventral scales smooth. Femoral pores thirteen or fourteen on each side. ‘Tail much depressed, nearly as broad as the back; segments of tail not very distinct, composed each of six or seven transverse rows of scales on the side, eight to ten on the upper surface ; lower surface generally very irregularly plated; the scales on the upper surface generally keeled. Green above; head with two or three rather indistinct reddish cross bars, the anterior V-shaped, extending from one eye to the other; some- times a few large reddish spots on the hinder part of the back; a blackish band from the eye along the side of the neck and body, passing through the ear and over the shoulder, darkest as it approaches the groin; limbs and tail dotted or vermiculated with blackish ; lower surfaces whitish, throat generally greenish, im- maculate. Total length .......... 139 millim. jc Fo" Ts ae rs ora tee re Uo as ad Width of head ........ 1S DOdy tk oa ss Pe eae Ak 8 oe Foro lini: . 3 :3s4; eet ee 1’ ene a 216 GECKONIDZ, Bann mb soos estes 26 millim. pT reer neo: Sica 75 Madagascar ; Comoro Islands. a-b. o. Nossi Bé. c. Several spec.: ¢,9,&hgr. Johanna. CC. E. Bewsher, Esq. (C.]. Pachydactylus quadriocellatus, Peters, Sitzb. Ges. Naturf. Fr. 1883, p. 28, from Central Madagascar, is no doubt very near to, and probably only a variety of, P. laticauda. The only difference I can find, from the very short description, is the presence of large round black spots edged with light blue at axilla and groin. 9 8. Phelsuma lineatum. (Prare XVIII. fig. 1.) Phelsuma lineatum, part., Gray, Cat. p. 166. Phelsuma lineatum, Gray, Zool. Misc. p. 57. Snout once and a half or once and two thirds as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, twice the diameter of the orbit. Rostral generally without median cleft ; nostril pierced above, and bordered beneath by the first upper labial; eight or nine upper labials; seven or eight lower labials; chin-shields eight, scarcely distinct from the surrounding scales, which are quite or almost as large; generally a single scale between the naso- rostrals. Vertical diameter of the ear-opening about half the diameter of the orbit. Dorsal scales smooth, or very feebly keeled on the hinder part of the back. Ventral scales strongly keeled. Femoral pores twelve to fifteen, the number being generally thirteen. Tail depressed, considerably narrower than the body; segments distinct, limited by a row of larger scales, composed each of seven or eight transverse rows on the side, eight or nine on the upper surface ; scales on the upper surface of the tail feebly keeled, those on the lower surface strongly keeled, larger, subequal, not trans- versely dilated. Colour much as in A, laticauda ; the lateral blackish band is constantly bordered inferiorly by another pure white band, and it extends along each side of the tail. Total length .......... 115 millim. TIGA sick Oo Ort ees 1 te Width of head ........ 1 Sore PONY x cok wen ee eas Yer Pore NM: 2 ro. tt Patias Vim cco eens es 4 aes ROU Gitar ayes 64> Madagascar. 2 Madagascar. Dr. J. E. Gray [P.]. ; ory: 3 Qo. Msdncsioe® Prof. A. Newt By (me? fA. BQ. Madagascar. kt 3 Q. Madagascar. 48. RHOPTROPUS.—49. sPH#RODACTYLUS. 217 48. RHOPTROPUS. Rhoptropus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1869, p. 58. Digits slender, free, dilated at the end, with undivided transverse lamelle below, furnished with extremely small, very indistinct, retractile claw ; upper surface with a flat, nail-like distal scale. Upper surfaces covered with granular scales; belly covered with cycloid imbricated scales. Pupil vertical. Eyelid distinct all round the eye. No preanal nor femoral pores. South-western Africa. 1. Rhoptropus afer. Rhoptropus afer, Peters, 1c. p. 59, pl. —. fig. 2; Bocage, Jorn. Sc. Lash, iv. 18738, p. 212. Habit of a Ptyodactylus. Snout depressed, broad, and rounded ; ear-opening rather large, horizontal, concealed by a narrow dermal fold. Nostril pierced in the centre of a swelling formed by three or four nasal scutes; ten or eleven upper and eight or nine lower labials; mental and the contiguous labials much elongate; no chin- shields. Upper surfaces covered with minute granular scales, larger on the snout. Limbs elongate. Tail rounded, tapering, somewhat depressed, covered with small flat smooth scales. Yel- lowish or greenish-olive above, uniform or with small scattered dark spots ; lower surfaces greenish white. Potallongths ¢esid.3 sete 135 millim. From snout to vent .... 52 ,, Head to ear-opening .. 14 ,, MOTO LED ie pene ean a se EVs Ps 0 1010) c Sane meer aie ere 30 Damaraland; Mossamedes. 49. SPHHERODACTYLUS. Spherodactylus, part., Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 148. Spheriodactylus, Gray, Griff: An. Kingd., Syn. p. 52; Wiegm. Herp. Mex, p. 20; Dum. § Bibr, iii. p. 401; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex. Rept. p. 44. Spherodactylus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 93; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 168 ; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861, p. ig7. Digits narrow, slender, free, with transverse lamelli inferiorly, the apex dilated into a disk, with a circular undivided plate in- feriorly ; all digits with a sheathed retractile claw, the sheath opening laterally and inwards. Scales granular or imbricate. Pupil round’ or subelliptical. Eyelid nearly circular. No preanal or femoral pores. West Indies ; Central America ; Colombia. 218 GECKONID&. Synopsis of the Species. I. Dorsal scales very small, granular, smooth. A. Rostral large (see Plate XVIII. fig. 2 a). 1. Scales subequal. Five brown transverse bands between the end of the snout and the hind TIDE Pada Geet aes eee eas 1. sputator, p. 219. Ten brown transverse bands between the end of the snout and the hind , Mimbs oo ieee eee eee ees ... 2, elegans, p. 220. Body mot barred’. “ec esi es syle 3. punctatissimus, p. 220. 2. Scales much larger on the flanks than on the middle of the DAO oss ee daa ees 2 4. nigropunctatus, p. 220. B. Rostral moderately large (see Plate XVIII. fig. 3). Tail with two yellow black-edged spots Near dhe Cp as scclees oie ates hee 5. glaucus, p. 221. II. Scales very small, juxtaposed, keeled. Ear-opening smaller than digital ROL ce scivins aca aunt eae fuels eae 6. lineolatus, p. 221. Ear-opening larger than digital pallet. 7. casicolus, p. 222. Snout very acute: tail much longer SGI POOL. Wish ee sities oP vine 8. alopex, p. 222. JII. Seales of medium size, slightly imbricate, keeled. Snout much longer than the distance between theeye and theear-opening. 9. ovyrrhinus, p, 222. Snout as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening ...... 10. argus, p. 223. IV. Scales very large, at least as large as those on the belly, strongly keeled and imbricate. * A. Vertebral line with granular scales. 1. Ventral scales quite smooth. Dorsal scales not larger than ventrals. 11. fantasticus, p. 223. Dorsal scales much larger than ven- oe ee Rk ete Pee ne kere ee ay 14. anthracinus, p. 225. 49. sPH ZRODACTYLUS. 219 2. Ventral scales feebly keeled. Dorsal scales not larger than ventrals. 12. microlepis, p. 224. Dorsal scales rather larger than ven- trals, very strongly keeled ...... 13. copii, p. 225. B. No granular scales on the vertebral line. 1. Scales on the breast keeled .. 15. macrolepis, p. 226. 2. Scales on the breast smooth. Snout rather short; four upper and four lower labials ..... ........ 16. notatus, p. 226. Snout short; three upper and three Rt wWeat 1G DIAINy . 4 csusigis)hetcassin «30008 17. gilvitorques, p. 227. Snout longer than the distance be- tween the eye and the ear- NE os 0522 8 eat: Lot es estimate alt 18. richardsonii, p. 227. 1. Sphzrodactylus sputator. Spheerodactylus sputator, Gray, Cat. p. 168. P Lacerta sputator, Sparrman, Vetensk. Acud. Handl. v. 1784, p. 164, 1. iv. fig. nae pirates: var. 1, Daud. Rept. iv. p. 99. Gecko sputator, Merr. ’ Tent. p. 43. Sphexrodactylus sputator, Gray, in Griff. A. K., Syn. p. 52; Dum. § Bibr, ui. p. 402; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad, 1861, p. 498. Snout pointed, slightly longer than the distance between the eye - and the ear-opening, about once and two thirds the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening small, oval, vertical. Rostral large, covering the end of the snout, with longitudinal cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and one or two small nasals ; five upper and as many lower labials, the anterior very long; mental large, truncate posteriorly ; no regular chin-shields, but polygonal scales passing gradually into the granules of the throat. Upper eyelid with an exceedingly small spine-like scale above the middle of the eye. Upper surfaces covered with equal, small, flat, granular scales, largest on the snout; abdominal scales larger, imbricate. ‘Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with small scales arranged in verticils, and a median series of transversely dilated scales inferiorly. Yellowish brown, upper surfaces with transverse dark-brown bands, as wide as the interspaces between them ; five brown bands between the end of the snout and the hind limbs, the three anterior extending across the throat and neck; the bars on the tail complete, forming rings;/ snout dark brown, with two longitudinal yellowish streaks. Total length (tail injured) . — millim, PGR ee cals fare Sip aaa toate 22. 220 GECKONID2. Width of head.......... 4 millim. BOUY 3 oincsasariecat wlaaer an STi 2 Bove dim th. ase. grea ears PEGA at 3 ae Cuba; San Domingo. a-e, Ad, & hgr. —?P 2. Spherodactylus elegans. Anolis sputator, var. 2, Daud. Rept. iv. p. 99. Spherodactylus sputator, Cocteau, in R. dela Sagra, Hist. Cuba, p. 160, pl. xvii. — elegans, (McLeay) Reinh. § Liith. Vidensk, Meddel. 1862, p. 275. Very closely allied to the preceding. The scales are smaller, and there are as many as ten transverse dark bands from the eyes to the hind limbs; these bars much narrower than the inter- spaces between them. From snout to vent 19 millim.; tail 18 millim. Cuba; San Domingo. a. Ad. San Domingo. 3. Spherodactylus punctatissimus. Spheerodactylus punctatissimus, Gray, Cat. p. 168. Spherodactylus punctatissimus, Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 405; Reinh. § Liitk. Vidensk. Meddel. 1862, p. 276. —— cinereus, Cocteau, in R. de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 166, pl. xviii.; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861, p. 498. Also closely allied to S. sputator. Snout still more pointed, longer, measuring twice the diameter of the orbit and distinctly more than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening. Grey above, uniform or dotted with white; in specimen } the snout is white. From snout to vent 35 millim.; tail 30 millim. Cuba; San Domingo; Martinique; Caraccas. a. Ad. Martinique. Paris Museum [P.]. 6. Ad. Caraccas. c. Ad. P. 4, Spherodactylus nigropunctatus. (Piate XVIII. fig. 2.) Spheerodactylus nigropunctatus, Gray, Cat. p. 168. Agrees with S. sputator in general characters, but the granules on the flanks are considerably larger than those on the middle of the back. Brown (the very numerous minute black specks men- tioned by Gray being no longer visible), tail and lower surfaces lighter. From snout to vent 35 millim. ; tail 32 millim. a. Ad. —? ' (Type.) 49, sPH MRODACTYLUS. 221 5. Spherodactylus glaucus. (Prare XVIII. fig. 3*.) Spherodactylus glaucus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1865, p. 192. . ? Spherodactylus inornatus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1878, p. 738. General characters as in S. sputator, but the rostral is con- siderably smaller. Light brown above, with darker vermiculations ; a dark streak on the side of the head, passing through the eye; a dark brown transverse spot on middle of upper side of neck; tail with two yellow black-edged spots near the tip ; digits annulated with yellow ; lower surfaces whitish, the sides and throat with brownish vermiculations. From snout to vent 30 millim.; tail 30 millim. Central America. a. Ad. Vera Paz, low forest. F. D. Godman, and O. Salvin, Esqrs. [P.]. b. Her. Vera Cruz. 6. Sphxrodactylus lineolatus. Spheerodactylus fantasticus, part., Gray, Cat. p. 168. Spherodactylus lineolatus, Lichtenst. Nomencl. Rept. Mus. Berol. p- 6; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 46. millepunctatus, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad, 1860, p. 480; Cope, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1861, p. 499. Snout pointed, as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit; ear- opening small, oval, vertical. Rostral moderately large, with lon- gitudinal cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three scales; five upper and as many lower labials, the anterior very long; mental large, truncate posteriorly, followed by polygonal scales passing gradually into the granular gular scales. A small spine-like scale on the border of the upper eyelid, above the middle of the eye. Upper surfaces covered with small, equal, slightly keeled, juxtaposed granular scales; on the head the gra- nules are smooth, largest on the snout; abdominal scales larger, imbricate. ‘Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with imbricate smooth scales ; a median series of large scales inferiorly. Two varieties of colour. Total. length: 4.2 sci save 56 millim. TIGR osc poste se at een tae re WAGE Of ERE eyo srs, ge ma 45 ,, DOGG Fee as yah iese et es Wore lithe ys so aus 8 8 - Hines HMO! et eet 10 ay rad en a ede Viale meee 28 Central America. Var. A.—Brownish above; head with five dark brown streaks, the central one ending on occiput, the others extending to the neck ; the outer passing through the eye ; lower surfaces whitish. a. Ad. —? E. Laforest, Esq. [P.]. * End of snout, upper view, x 2. 222 GECKONIDZ. Var. B.—Brown above, dotted with darker; a dark line on the side of the head, passing through the eye ; a dark band on each side ‘of neck, and from axilla to groin; yellowish dark-edged ocelli on the back, limbs, and tail; digits annulate with yellowish ; end of tail with two blackish annuli, separated by a yellowish interspace ; lower surfaces whitish, with minute brown dots. 6. Ad. Santa Cruz. ec, Ad, Chontales, Nicaragua. 7. Spherodactylus casicolus. Spherodactylus casicolus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861, p. 499. Dorsal scales very minute, keeled; occipital granular, frontal keeled. Inferior labials (anterior to posterior border of orbit) five. Supra-nasal plates as long as broad. Muzzle elongate. Auricular aperture larger than digital pallet. Dark-brown rufous, with three distant, transverse, dorsal blotches, bordered with lighter; the anterior or interscapular indistinct. A dark spot upon the nape, bounded by two light dots. Numerous short longitudinal white lines upon the dorsal and lateral regions ; hone upon the head. A loreal and three postocular dark lines. Beneath whitish, chin and sides of neck punctulated with rufous. Region of the Truando, Colombia. ~ 8. Spherodactylus alopex. Spheerodactylus alopex, Cope, 1. e. Dorsal scales keeled, smaller than in S. oxyrrhinus. Muzzle very acute, profile sloping regularly from the frontal region. Inferior labials (anterior to posterior border of orbit) six. Supra-nasal plates separated. Pupil apparently elliptic. Tail much longer than body. Above rufous grey, closely vermiculated with longitudinal rufous lines ; tail and extremities spotted with the same. Beneath pale brownish, faintly vermiculated with rufous brown on the gular region and the sides of the neck ; many of the abdominal and femoral plates margined with the same. San Domingo. 9. Spherodactylus oxyrrhinus. (Pare XVIII. fig. 4.) Spherodactylus oxyrhinus, Gosse, Ann. Mag. N. H. (2) vi. 1850, p. 347; Cope, l. ¢. Very closely allied to S. argus, from which it differs in the much longer and sharper snout and the larger rostral plate ; the length of the snout equals nearly twice the diameter of the orbit, and is much more than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening. Pale 49, sPHZRODACTYLUS, 223 brown above, covered with mure or less confluent darker specks ; lower surfaces whitish, the sides and throat speckled with brown. From snout to vent 32 millim. i Jamaica. a, Ad. St. Elizabeth’s, Jamaica. P.H.Gosse, Esq. [P.]. (Type.) 10. Spherodactylus argus. (Pxare XVIII. fig. 5.) Spheerodactylus argus, Gosse, Ann. Mag. N. H. (2) vi. 1850, p. 347 ; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad, 1861, p. 498. Snout pointed, as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; ear-opening small, oval, vertical. Rostral moderately large, with longitudinal cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three scales ; five upper and as many lower labials, the anterior very long ; mental large, truncate posteriorly, followed by granules larger than those on the throat. A small spine-like scale on the border of the upper eyelid, above the middle of the eye. Head and throat covered with very small granular scales, largest on the snout; back covered with medium-sized, flat, imbricate, keeled scales ; these dorsal scales about two thirds the size of the ventrals, which are smooth and imbricate. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with im- bricate smooth scales, the lower median series of which are enlarged. Pale brown above, with small, yellowish, dark-edged ocelli; on the head these ocelli are generally lengthened, and frequently more or less confluent into six longitudinal lines, which sometimes extend along the back. Lower surfaces whitish, the throat variegated with brown. Total length’ = s.c:-0j.cac.s 58 millim. TGR se cate are 9 ,, Waidth-of head <4: 5: Oo Cay BO, utes a ee te 2a 55 OPO MMD ssc stro: a ce dis ace By Bind BMP pees was iki ee 4 91) Nepean Melee ee ae ae et mre Jamaica. a-c, d-e. Ad. Jamaica. P. H. Gosse, Esq. [P.]. (Types.) f-t. Yg. Jamaica. hk. Ad. P Sir W. Hooker [P.]. Lm, n, 0, p. Ad. —-? 11. Spherodactylus fantasticus. Spherodactylus fantasticus, part., Gray, Cat. p. 168. Spherodactylus fantasticus (Cuv.), Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 406, pl. xxii. fig. 2; A. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. p. 469, pl. xvii. fig. 3; Cope, Proc. ( 224 GECKONID&. Ae. Philad.. 1861, p. 500; Reinh. & Liitk. Vidensk, Meddel. 1862, p- 277; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 44, pl. x. fig. 4. Snout pointed, as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit; ear-opening roundish, about as large as digital expansion. Rostral large, with longitudinal cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three scales ; three upper labials, median smallest ; three lower labials, first very large, third very small ; mental large, truncate posteriorly. A small spine-like scale on the border of the upper eyelid, above the centre of the eye. Upper surface of head covered with small, granular, slightly keeled scales, largest on the snout. Back covered with subrhomboidal imbricate scales about the size of the ventral scales; the vertebral line covered with minute granular scales. Scales on the limbs small, slightly keeled. Gular scales granular, abdominal scales large, imbricate, smooth. ‘Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with smooth imbricate scales, with a series of large transversely dilated plates inferiorly. Light brown above, the head generally darker, vermiculated with white lines ; whitish beneath. Total length: «¢ «0:20 s005 54 millim. jC ae noe res i o Width of head ........ 5 $5 ~ DOOY htanicnncwea te Sets >| Nee Hore: GMb dencon aires 8 a Pind: Tn Wo tik eae 1055. 4, DAES net ca oa Ethos 27 re West Indies; Mexico; Venezuela. a. Ad. Caraccas. b. Ad. Antigua. 12. Spherodactylus microlepis. Spherodactylus fantasticus, var., A. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. p. 469, pl. xvii. fig. 4. —— microlepis, Reinh. § Lnitk. Vidensk. Meddel. 1862, p. 278. ——- melanospilos (A. Dum.), Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 44 (footnote). Distinguished from S. fantasticus in having the snout shorter and more obtuse, the dorsal scales smaller, and the granules forming a less distinct zone on the middle of the back larger. Bocourt adds that the ventral scales are keeled and that there are no enlarged inferior caudal scales. Back with dark spots and large transverse markings ; throat lineolate with brown. West Indies (Sa. Lucia, St. Croix). 49. sPH#RODACTYLUS. 225 13. Spherodactylus copii. Spheerodactylus copei, Steindachn. Novara, Rept. p. 18, pl. i. fig. 5. Closely allied to S. fantasticus. The dorsal scales are rather larger and much more strongly keeled ; all the head-scales keeled ; ventral scales slightly keeled. . Ad. —-? E. Laforest, Esq. [P.]. Probably the species described under this name by Steindachner, though no mention is made of the slight keel on the ventral scales. 14. Spherodactylus anthracinus. Spherodactylus anthracinus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861, p. 500. Snout acuminate, elongate, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and two thirds the diameter of the eye. Ear-opening oval, oblique, nearly as large as digital pallet. Rostral large, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three scales; four upper and as many lower labials, anterior very long; mental large, truncate posteriorly. Upper eyelid with a small spine-like scale. Head covered with granular scales, larger and slightly keeled on the snout. Dorsal scales very large, much larger than ventrals, rhomboidal, imbricate, strongly keeled, in ten rows on each side, separated on the median dorsal line by a narrow zone of minute granular scales. Gular scales granular, minute; ventral scales moderate, imbricate, smooth. Caudal scales strongly imbricate, rather pointed, those on the anterior half of the tail keeled; inferiorly a median series of transversely enlarged scales. Cope describes the colour as black, the large dorsal scales tinged with blue. The present specimen, which agrees well in other points with Cope’s diagnosis, is light brownish above, with dark brown spots on the back, limbs, and tail ; head with whitish spots and three whitish streaks, one longitudinally between the orbits and the others from the nostril to the orbit; inferiorly brownish white. Lota 1ON2Gh. 554 pn veces 79 millim. NORE ede scsS ane Wee ae Width of head. .... 5.23%; ens OGY) iF aie acco ih ae nr Fore DIN: se eestiecabcas i es Hind limb *...3.45-...8%03 1S 4, DOR 3a 4s 7 0 9 AI a 42 Mexico ; West Indies. a. Ad. San Domingo. “4 H 226 GECKONID. 15. Spherodactylus macrolepis. Spherodactylus macrolepis, Giinth. Ann. Mag. N. H. (8) iv. 1859, p. 215, pl. iv. fig. B; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad, 1861, p. 500; Reinh. & Liith. Vidensk. Meddel. 1862, p. 279. imbricatus, Fischer, Abh, Nat. Ver. Bremen, vii. 1882, p. 234, pl. xv. figs. 4-10. Snout obtusely pointed, as long as the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, hardly once and a half the diameter of the eye. Ear-opening roundish, as large as digital expansion. Rostral moderately large, with median cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and two or three scales; three or four upper and as many lower labials, anterior longest; mental large, truncate posteriorly. Upper eyelid with a small spine-like scale. Head covered with small, juxtaposed, slightly keeled scales, largest on the snout. Dorsal scales larger than ventrals, rhom- boidal, pointed behind, strongly keeled and imbricate. Scales on the breast keeled, on the belly smooth. Caudal scales similar to the dorsals ; a series of larger scales on the lower side of the tail. Light brown above; head with dark brown lines; sometimes a large interscapular black spot with two white dots anteriorly ; lower surfaces dirty white, throat generally striolated with brown. Total Tongth esa. 0 5 cn 54 millim. BOR heaters tee sia pig ee Width of head ........ Aa | kane err eee i eee Pore WMD ees sade aces te Pi MUI HIB 5s Vaan OF. 3, DO ed Sac kniesse reese ORO! rey West Indies (St. Croix, St. Thomas). a-b, Ad. St. Croix. A. Newton, Esq. [P.]. (Types.) e-d. Ad. St. Thomas. Hr. Riise [C.]. 16. Spherodactylus notatus. Spheerodactylus notatus, Baird, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1858, p. 254, and U. S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Rept. p. 24, pl. xxiv. figs. 29-37 ; Cope, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1861, -p. 500. Snout rather short. Four upper and as many lower labials. Upper eyelid with a spine-like scale. Frontal scales keeled. Dorsal scales large, keeled. Gular scales smooth. Tail longer than body. Colour reddish brown, with faint darker markings on the back, indicating longitudinal streaks. A median longitudinal line upon the head, which expands posteriorly ; a supraciliary, three postocular, and a loreal line; the first-mentioned extends from a greater or less distance posteriorly ; in some specimens these lines are broken into small spots. Florida ; West Indies (Bahamas, Cuba), 49. SPH MRODACTYLUS. 227 17. Spherodactylus gilvitorques. Spherodactylus gilvitorques, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861, p. 500. Snout short. Three upper and three lower labials. Mental nar- rowed behind. Frontal scales keeled. Dorsal scales large, keeled, intermaxillary in about sixteen rows. Colour dark brown above, with a yellow collar just anterior to the interscapular region. Head darker, marked with narrow lines as follow :—one median, one supraciliary, one loreal, two postauricular. Beneath a little paler. Jamaica. 18. Sphwrodactylus richardsonii. (Prare XVIII. fig. 6.) Spheerodactylus richardsonii, Gray, Cat. p. 168. Spherodactylus richardsonii, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861, p. 499. Snout pointed, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and two thirds the diameter of the eye. LEar- opening roundish, nearly as large as digital expansion. Rostral large, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and two rather large nasals; ‘four upper and three or four lower labials, anterior longest ; mental large, truncate posteriorly. Upper eyelid with a very smallspine-like scale. Head covered with granular scales, which are not larger, and slightly keeled on the snout. Dorsal scales very large, much larger than ventrals, rhomboidal, strongly keeled, and imbricate; they form about eighteen longitudinal series. Gular scales minutely granular ; abdominal scales large, imbricate, smooth. Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with large strongly imbricate scales; those on the upper surface keeled; a series of feebly enlarged scales inferiorly. Light pinkish-brown above, with six lighter, dark-edged, transverse bands on the body; head with two white streaks from the tip of the snout to the neck, and another on each side from eye to ear; tail completely encircled by eight brown annuli, becoming gradually darker towards the end, as broad as the interspaces between them ; limbs also annulate. Lower surfaces lighter, the throat with brown chevron-shaped bands. Total length: .. 60.0.0 76 millim. tS Tar Te ae ee aa ie ers Widthothead 555.24; ie Body. okies g saat osn es Salas Wore ums! cates hele fH ames Pima MOD aly cscs ec oh i pe ELAR oF a eeceesta are sy ses 1 ae Jamaica. a. Ad. P Sir J. Richardson [P.]. (Type.) 6 Ad. Montego Bay. Q2 228 GECKONID, The following genus, characterized by Gray in 1842, has never been rediscovered ; the type is not to be found in the Collection. If the description is correct, this Gecko constitutes a distinct genus. Puyria, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 53. ‘Toes moderate, base scaly above and below, dilated, ends ex- panded into a rounded disk,, with two series of diverging plates be- neath, last joint free, compressed, clawed ; thumb of fore and hind feet smaller, clawless ; back covered with small granular, belly with rather larger scales; labial and chin-shields distinct; tail round, tapering, with a series of large hexagonal plates beneath; preanal pores distinct, in an angular line. Like Ptyodactylus, but the toes are shorter, thicker, dilated at the base, and it has preanal pores.” Phyria punctulata, Gray, 1. ¢. “ Olive-grey, in spirit; scales minutely black-speckled ; lips, sides of throat, chest, belly, and underside of tail yellow.” Port Essington. The following bones of an apparently extinct Lacertilian, from Rodriguez, have been referred to Gecko (Gecko newtonii, Ginther, Journ, Linn. Soc., Zool. xiii. 1878, p.324), which generic identifica- tion seems to me extremely doubtful, the parietal bone being single, whereas it is double in all known Geckoids. a. Two parietals, posterior Rodriguez. Transit-of-Venus Exped. half of right ramus of lowerjaw, righthumerus, right half of pelvis, five left and two right fe- mora. EUPLEPHARID&. 229 Fam. 2. KUBLEPHARID. Geckonide, part., omn, auct. Eublepharidz, Boulenger, Ann. Mag. N. H. (5) xii. 1883, p. 808, and eod. loc. (5) xiv. 1884, p. 119. Except in the proccelian vertebre and the single parietal bone, the skeleton is similar to that of the preceding family, to which the Eublepharide are closely affined. The teguments are also very similar, and of a soft kind; the upper surfaces are covered with small scales or granules, which are usually intermixed with enlarged tubercles, and the lower surface of the body with small, cycloid, imbricated scales. The skin of the head is free from the skull. The eyes are moderately large, with elliptico-vertical pupil, and are protected by thick, movable, connivent lids. The nostril is rather large, directed slightly upwards, though lateral, and separated from the rostral and labial plates. The tympanum is exposed. The limbs are weak and the digits short and cylindrical; they are all provided with a small, sharp, retractile claw which, in Coleonya, is entirely concealed in a much-developed compressed sheath; this sheath, which differs only in size according to the genera, is composed of two lateral plates, the superior suture of which is covered by a third narrower one, a structure which we have already met with in the Geckoid genus 4lurosaurus. As in the Geckos, the tail is extremely fragile. Males have a few preanal pores, forming an angular series. Three species are natives of Central America, one of the southern parts of the United States, two of Southern Asia, and one of West Africa; the genus Hublepharis occurs in America as well as in Asia. This extraordinary distribution seems to indicate that the few representatives of this small family are the remnants of some ancient, more generally dispersed, group; it nevertheless remains a matter of wonder how forms, now so widely separated, have re- tained so great a resemblance, not only in structure, but also in the pattern of coloration, Synopsis of the Genera. Claws partly exposed; lower surface of digits granular. 1. Psilodactylus, p. 229. Claws partly exposed ; lower surface of digits lamellar. 2. Eublepharis, p. 230. Claws entirely concealed into a large compressed sheath ; lower sur- face: 0% digits lamellar 5.40666 % ces 3. Coleonyx, p. 234. 1. PSILODACTYLUS. Psilodactylus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1864, p. 61. Digits granular inferiorly ; claw-sheath small, the claws only partially retractile. West Africa. 230 EUBLEPHARIDE. 1. Psilodactylus caudicinctus. Stenodactylus caudicinctus, 4. Dum. Rev. Mag. Zool. 1851, p. 478, pl. xiii. and Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 48, and Arch. Mus. viii. p. 489, pl. xviii. fig. 15. Psilodactylus caudicinctus, Gray, /. ¢. Body stout ; limbs short, weak ; digits very short. Snout as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; latter large, oval, slightly oblique, its longitudinal diameter half the diameter of the orbit. Head covered with flat, irregular, polygonal tubercles, largest on the temples ; rostral quadrangular, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; nostril between several scales, the anterior of which is largest and widely separated from its fellow on the other side; eight to ten upper, and about ten lower labials; mental broadly pentagonal, in contact with two enlarged chin-shields, sur- rounded by irregular smaller ones passing gradually into the flat ‘granules of the gular region. Body covered above with small, irregular, flat scales intermixed with numerous suboval, obtusely keeled tubercles, which on the sides unite three to three. Male with thirteen preanal pores. ‘Tail swollen, rounded, tapering at the end, circularly plaited, above with small flat scales and rows of enlarged obtusely keeled tubercles, inferiorly with larger flat scales arranged regularly. Cream-coloured above, with reddish-brown bands, viz. a horseshoe-shaped band from eye to eye across the nape, two broad transverse bands across the back, and three round the tail; these bands are as broad as the interspaces between them; slight reddish marblings on the lips and sides of neck ; lower surfaces white. Total tenet rh 35.3.2 210 millim. d 2 Gs SO ne Pa ee Ber rf aes Width of head .....4.; 25 a BOGS Gi hase t ens eects 99 ,, POre UND) oo beeen 5 ee Mind Diih-2 535053 eee 45-3 Be OP cts Sirs ere BQ.y 5, West Africa. a,b. dQ. W. Africa. 2. EUBLEPHARIS. Eublepharis, Gray, Phil. Mag. (2) iii. 1827, p. 56, and Zool. Journ. iii. 1828, p. 223, and Cat. p. 170; Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 148; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 90; Guinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 119. Gymnodactylus, part., Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 19. Digits with a row of lamelle inferiorly ; claw-sheaths small, the claws only partially retractile. Southern Asia; Central America ; southern North America. 2. EUBLEPHARIS. 231 Synopsis of the Spectes. I. Back with enlarged tubercles. Tubercles larger than the interspaces be- EWOOA THON soyitc id 9) Roe nais aseere a eee 1. hardwickit, p. 231. Tubercles not larger than the interspaces between them ; mental pentagonal, much broader than long, followed by a pair of chin-shields....... ACRE eo Ron ra 2. macularius, p. 232. Tubercles not larger than the interspaces between them; mental subquadrangular, as long as broad; no chin-shields .... 3. dovi, p. 233. II. Back uniformly granular. Snout as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening; eight labials to below the centre of the eye....... 4. variegatus, p. 233. Snout longer than the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; six labials to below the centre of the eye......... 5. fasciatus, p. 234. 1. Eublepharis hardwickii. Eublepharis hardwickii, Gray, Cat. p. 170. Eublepharis hardwickii, Gray, ll. cc. and Ill. Ind. Zool.; Giinth, 1. ¢. p- 119, pl. xi. fig. B. Gymnodactylus lunatus, Blyth, in Cantor, Cat. Mal. Rept. p. 27, and Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xxiii. 1854, p. 210. Body stout ; limbs rather short; digits short. Snout as long as the distance between the orbit and the ear-opening ; latter large, suboval, vertical. Head covered with irregular polygonal scales, intermixed with enlarged tubercles on the temples and occiput ; rostral subpentagonal, twice as broad as high, with median cleft above; three or four internasals; about ten upper and as many lower labials; mental broadly pentagonal, in contact with two enlarged chin-shields, surrounded by irregular smaller ones passing gradually into the flat granules of the gular region. Body covered above with small, irregular, flat scales, intermixed with numerous roundish, subconical tubercles ; these tubercles larger than the inter- spaces between them. Male with fourteen to eighteen preanal pores. Tail swollen, rounded, tapering at the end, circularly plaited, above with small flat scales and rows of enlarged subconical tubercles, inferiorly with larger flat scales arranged regularly. Above reddish brown and cream-coloured; the former colour occcupies the head and forms two broad bands across the back, the anferior broadest, and three round the tail; the latter borders the upper lip and extends as a horseshoe-shaped band to the other side, passing across the neck, and occupies the interspace between the dorsal and caudal brown bands, which are by far the widest; lower surfaces white, 232 EUBLEPHARID %. Total length .......... 199 millim 1 MR ae meg ce eer 2 eee Width of head ........ a Ps sss eer oie Gena op i ae ONO NG ah ys 39. —C«,, Hind Uimb: 2) 24.32 c ares ay (s ae Coxon aia ae ae O27 Eastern and Southern India. ae oe Penang, Chittagong. Gen. Hardwicke [P.]. (Type.) b-c. ¢. Russelconda, iis Dr. Traill [ P.]. 4 d, 9. Anamallays. Col. Beddome [C. ]. 2. Eublepharis macularius. Cyrtodactylus macuiarius, Blyth, Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xxiii. 1854, 738 p- 738. Eublepharis fasciolatus, Giinth. Ann. Mag. N. H. (3) xiv. 1864, p. 429. macularius, Theob. Cat. Rept. As. Soc. Mus. p. 32 ; Anders. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 163; Theob. Cat. Rep. Brit. Ind. p.94; Murray, Zool. Sind, p. 366. —— hardwickii, (non Gray) Murray, l. c. Differs from the preceding by the smaller and less numerous tubercles, the granular interspaces being as wide as the tubercles themselves ; these are subconical or slightly keeled. The body and the digits are rather more elongate. Nine to fourteen praanal pores in the male. Young with five chestnut-brown transverse bands from head to sacrum, slightly broader than their interspaces, which are whitish, and similar rings round the tail; the first band is horse- shoe-shaped, and encircles the occiput, each branch advancing to the eye. In the adult these bands become more indistinct, and the head and body become spotted or largely vermiculated with chestnut- brown and whitish; in some only the brown edges of the dorsal bands remain. Specimen 7 has the two broad dorsal bands of E. hardwickiit with the variegations of Z. macularius. Lower sur- faces white. Lotal JOng Uh” 4-3 e<5-3s 199 millim. GGA Spe ae eee as, las Width of head ........ ae WOGY ovate st as ee ek Si) ss Pore DOD 47 oii exe a0. os od mb. oF. ese 1 nee MGW peep aeseee ee ee Ravens North-western India, probably ranging through Baluchistan and Persia to the Euphrates*, a. Q. Between Cashmere and Murree. ee 278 AGAMIDZ, DOOY (ak win ei omesion ae 56 millim Fore HmD «6 sane ws aes 45 ,, ER TE os ass we ote i+, ees AEN a plea area peer ory LTO. a5 Ceylon. ad. Ceylon. Col. Stoddart [P.]. (Type.) b, c, d, e-f, g-t. 3, Ceylon. 2, & hgr. k. 3, dry. Ceylon. Dr. Kelaart. 1. Skeleton. Ceylon. 2. Ceratophora tennentii. Ceratophora tennentii, Giinth. in Tenn. Nat. Hist. Ceyl. p. 281, fig., and Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 130. Upper head-scales small, irregular, keeled ; interorbital space and occiput slightly concave ; a short raised ridge on each side of the occiput ; rostral appendage large in both sexes, fleshy, compressed, suboval, covered with small scales and granules; ten upper and nine or ten lower labials. Gular scales feebly keeled, large, subquad- rangular, forming regular longitudinal ceries, those on the median line smaller. A low denticulated nuchal crest. Upper dorsal scales irregular and unequal in size, the larger ones feebly keeled ; lateral scales equal, large, strongly imbricate and pointing upwards and backwards, smooth or very feebly keeled ; ventral scales smaller, keeled. Limbs above with subequal keeled scales; the adpressed hind limb reaches the eye or a little beyond. ‘Tail slightly com- pressed, covered with equal keeled scales; its length is not quite twice that of head and body. Olive above, irregularly marbled with brownish; young with more distinct dark brown markings, an angular cross band between the eyes being constant, sometimes with light longitudinal lines; a more or less distinct white line along the hinder side of the thighs. Total lonely. esaess os 260 millim. 3) a a a ee B5. a. Width of head........ TD. sks NOE Y csi bcs eases OG: <4 Pens Mm 350s ead: 4S < fis MiG Eb esa ee (soe ad Be SUP core pe aha ote Soe ok 170-73, Ceylon a, b-e. 3 & yg. Ceylon. Types. f, gd& = Ceylon Se aie h-k. Q & her. Ceylon. G. H. K. Thwaites, Esq. [P.]. 1. Agr. Ceylon. Col. Beddome [C. }. 3. Ceratophora aspera. Ceratophora aspera, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 181, pl. iii. fig. G. Upper head-scales small, irregular, tubercular ; interorbital space 8. CERATOPHORA.—9, HARPESAURUS. 279 deeply concave; occiput with a pair of low ridges, convergent anteriorly ; rostral appendage large in the male, cylindrical, pointed, covered with small imbricate strongly keeled scales, absent or rudi- mentary in the female; ten to twelve upper and as many lower labials. Gular scales smaller than ventrals, very strongly keeled. No nuchal crest. Dorsal scales small, irregular, unequal, strongly keeled; ventral scales larger, very strongly keeled. Limbs above with strongly keeled unequal scales; digits very strongly keeled ; fifth toe shorter than third; the adpressed hind limb reaches be- tween the shoulder and the orbit. Tail not compressed, covered with subequal strongly keeled scales; its length not more than © once and a half that of head and body. Brown, with lighter and darker markings or longitudinal lines; generally a rhombic mark on the sacral region ; males with a large white spot or cross band on the gular region. Total length.......... 83 millim. PORN ne oe eee eee 11 i Width of head........ GD POU Y Grice coupes bane 26 ns Fore Hin 4c as ia 17 es Mind ligihy: 225 sects 26 a Pallets 7 sence unten t 46 - Ceylon a-b. SQ. Ceylon. (Types.) c-f,g-l. 3,2, & yg. s ee m t.5,2,&yg. eylon. a oO) her Ceylon. G. H. K, Thwaites, Esq. [P.]. 9. HARPESAURUS. sei ein (non Fischer de Waldh.) A. Dum, Cat, Méth. Rept. Tympanum distinct. Snout ending in a long compressed cuta- neous appendage. Body and tail compressed, covered above with equal smooth scales of moderate size. A dorsal crest. No gular sac; no transverse gular fold. No femoral or preanal pores. Java. 1. Harpesaurus tricinctus. Arpephorus tricinctus, A. Dum. 1. c. p. 93, and Rev. Mag. Zool. (2) iii. 1851, p. 214, pl. vii., and Arch, Mus, viii. 1856, p. 371. Rostral appendage longer than the head, formed of a compressed falciform scale curved upwards, surrounded at the base by a few large scales. Upper head-scales small, slightly tubercular; a large prominent triangular scale on the snout; canthus rostralis forming a serrated ridge. Gular scales tubercular. Dorsal crest a low serrated ridge. Dorsal scales smooth, equal, forming regular trans- verse series; ventral scales keeled. Scales on the limbs keeled. 280 AGAMID E. Tail compressed, crested above, the crest a little higher than the dorsal ; caudal scales keeled, the inferior spinose. Brown, with three broad transverse yellow bands on the body, the anterior narrowest on the scapular region. Total length (the rostral appendage SNGUGGL) ee gincces so ene oe ee 168 millim. Head (without the appendage).... 19 ,, BOG oes ocr abo sea tae 45 ,, PR Ne aGee hank eee ate ia cena or Mauer Java. 10. PHOXOPHRYS. Phoxophrys, Hubrecht, Notes Leyd. Mus. iii. 1881, p. 51. “ Tympanum hidden. Nofemoral pores. Back and sides covered with small smooth scales, intermixed with larger keeled ones, and with very large multicarinate conical tubercles. No dorsal crest. A row of longer crest-scales above the eye. Upper surface of head covered with conical tubercles.” Sumatra. 1. Phoxophrys tuberculata. Phoxophrys tuberculata, Hubr. 1. c. ‘“‘ Head tetrahedral, with a sharp canthus rostralis ; above the eye the scales of the canthus become large and erect, giving rise to a sort of horn-like appendage, more than half as high as the diameter of the eye. The head is covered with tubercular scales and carinate tubercles, the interorbital space is deeply concave. At the back of the head a row of scales larger than the surrounding ones forms a transverse bridge between the posterior borders of the eyes, at the same time limiting the interorbital cavity from behind. Ten upper labial shields and as many lower labials. Larger multicarinate tubercles behind the eye and at the angle of the mouth; throat covered with sharply carinated keels; no gular appendage. The small imbricate scales on the sides have their free margins turned upwards. Of the larger multicarinate tubercles on the back, three or four on each side of the median line are more especially prominent. The scales on the belly are larger than those on the sides, and strongly keeled. Strongly keeled scales on the limbs, which on the upper surface are intermixed with larger tubercular multicarinate ones. ‘Tail much longer than the body, all its scales keeled, those on the inferior surface the largest. The hind limb laid forwards extends to the angle of the mouth, the hind limb laid backwards does not reach to the thigh.” From snout to vent 43 millim, W. Sumatra. 11. LYRIOCEPHALUS, 281 11. LYRIOCEPHALUS. Lyriocephalus, Merrem, Tent. Syst. Amph. Ps 49; Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 150; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p.14; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 425; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 44; Gray, Cat. p. 237; Ghinth. Rept. Brit. Ind, p. 128. : Tympanum hidden. Body compressed, covered with small scales ‘intermixed with enlarged ones. A nuchal and a dorsal crest. A gular sac and a V-shaped gular fold. Adult with a globular hump on thenose. No femoral or preanal pores. Pre- and post-orbital bones forming an arch limiting a supra- orbital fossa. Ceylon. 1. Lyriocephalus scutatus. Lyriocephalus scutatus, Gray, Cat. p. 287. Lacerta scutata, Linn. S. N. i. p. 360; Shaw, Zool. iii. p. 221, pl. xviii. Tguana clamosa, Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 49. ——- scutata, Latr. Rept. i. p. 267. Agama scutata, Daud. Rept. iii. p. 345. Lyriocephalus margaritaceus, Merr. l.c.; Guér. Icon, R. A., Rept. pl. a fig. 2; Dum. & Bibr. p. 427; Duvern. R. A., Rept. pl. xv. fig. 2. i scutatus, Wagl. l.c.; Kelaart, Prodr. Faun. Zeyl. p. 166; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 128. macgregorii, Gray, Ill. Ind. Zool. Rostral hump large and globular in the adult, absent in the young ; it is covered with subequal smooth scales ; canthus rostralis and supraciliary edge sharp, projecting, the latter ending behind in a triangular compressed spine; a pair of small spines on the occiput ; upper head-scales irregular, unequal, feebly keeled ; temple granu- lar, with enlarged tubercles ; fourteen or fifteen upper and as many lower labials. Gular sac large in the male, small in the female ; gular scales larger than ventrals, keeled, those on the gular sac separated from one another by granules. Body strongly compressed. A low nuchal crest, formed of a cutaneous fold with small triangular scales forming a denticulation. Dorsal crest composed of small triangular compressed tubercles, separated from one another. Dor- sal scales very small, smooth, intermixed with flat, smooth or feebly keeled tubercles which on the nape, and sometimes also on the back, form regular longitudinal series; these tubercles irregularly scattered on the flanks. Ventral scales moderate, strongly keeled. Limbs with keeled scales, with enlarged tubercles on the thighs ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the neck or the temple. Tail strongly compressed, with a crest similar to the dorsal ; upper caudal scales unequal, feebly keeled, lower equal and strongly keeled ; the length of the tail nearly equals that of the head and body. Greenish above, whitish inferiorly. Dotal- longi 4. c etesarws 335 millim. PLGA cscs 6 Gs Aico Bet, 282 AGAMIDA, OAV rs vases y ee oe 122 millim, Hore linha ea ser tee BO. rind Moy cai cies os e LOD 35 POE co's ¥5.0. tus oe OG LTO” Ceylon. a,b, c-d, 8 2. Ceylon. e. Skin. P Sir A. Smith [P.}. f. Skeleton. Ceylon. g. Skull. Ceylon. 12. GONYOCEPHALUS. Gonyocephalus, Kaup, Isis, 1825, p. 590 and 1827, p. 614; Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 150; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 14; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p.45; Gray, Cat. p. 230. Lophyrus (Dum.), Fitzing. N. Class. Rept. p. 17. Lophyrus, part. (non Latr.), Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 410. Lophosaurus, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 45. Dilophyrus, Gray, 1. c. p. 238; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 136. Tiaris, Gray, 1. c. p. 239; Giinth. l. c. p. 151. Coryphophylax (F%tz.), Steindachn. Novara, Rept. p. 30. Hypsilurus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1867, p. 707. Arua, Doria, Ann. Mus. Genov. vi. 1874, p. 345. Lophosteus, Peters § Doria, Ann. Mus, Genov. xiii. 1878, p. 377. Tympanum distinct. Body compressed. Dorsal scales small, uniform or intermixed with enlarged ones. A dorsal crest. A strong transverse gular fold. Males with a gular sac. No preanal or femoral pores. East Indies, Papuasia and Polynesia, from the Nicobars and Andamans to the Fiji Islands; North-eastern Australia. Synopsis of the Species. I, Supraciliary border strongly raised, forming an angular projection posteriorly. A. Dorsal crest almost as much developed as the nuchal. .... 1. doria, p. 284. B. Dorsal crest much less developed than the nuchal. Ventral scales perfectly smooth ; nuchal crest not higher than the snout is long, extending forwards to the COAPU cele i esses 0s ese Sais 2. chameleontinus, p. 285. Ventral scales keeled.............. 3. kuhlii, p. 286. Ventral scales perfectly smooth ; nu- chal crest higher than the snout is long, extending forwards to the in- MOLOPDITAL ROMION . o's ao. discoi nes 50 4, sumatranus, p. 286. 12. ener oennetTe: 283 II. Supraciliary border normal. A. Enlarged scales scattered among the dorsals. 1. Nuchal and dorsal crests continuous. a. Ventral scales perfectly smooth. 5. logaster, p. 286. 6. Ventral scales feebly keeled. Enlarged dorsal scales forming a lateral series ; none scattered on the BICC cys abies ae iantih sahara teak nat 6. miotympanum, p. 287. Enlarged dorsal scales irregularly BOALLCRO he ene tea ee ares 7. boxneensis, p. 288. Gular scales smooth ...... ....22.00: 8. belliz, p. 288. Gular scales strongly keeled .......... 9. sophie, p. 288. 2. Nuchal crest strongly separated from the dorsal. a. Ventral scales keeled. Enlarged dorsal scales forming a regular lateral series parallel to the GOYSAL CRORE < fines Goin: Sateen dies 2 ees 10. semperi, p. 289. Enlarged scales forming irregular vertical series on the flanks; tym- panum smaller than theeye-opening .. 11. interruptus, p. 290. Enlarged scales scattered or forming vertical series; tympanum quite as large as the eye-opening; a high CAUUSL CRONE: (56:65 9 uielainen Oateme a 12. dilophus, p. 290. b. Ventral scales smooth ...... 13. tuberculatus, p. 291. 3. Nuchal and dorsal crests subcontinuous. Limbs above with unequal-sized scales, the largest being spinose ........ 14. spinipes, p. 292. Limbs above with subequal scales; the longest spines of the nuchal crest shorter than the greatest diameter of the tympanum .2 2.56 6.i ss ees. 15. suberistatus, p. 292. Limbs above with unequal scales; nu- chal crest much higher than dorsal .. 16. hwmit, p. 293. B. No enlarged dorsal-scales. 1. Ventral scales keeled. a. No strongly enlarged scales below the ear. Nuchal crest very low, reduced to a few widely separated, triangular lobes ; dorsal crest indistinct.............. 17. modestus, p. 294. 284 AGAMIDZ. Nuchal crest composed of lanceolate lobes ; dorsal crest distinct; dorsal scales with strongly ascending keels; gular ROAIOR KDCLOO: Aatnda ic aise baa ovate 18. geelvinkianus, p. 294. A black spot on each side of the head, TOVOLVING: TNE GAT ose icc vy ces a 3s 19. auritus, p. 295. Nuchal and dorsal crests composed of lanceolate lobes ; dorsal scales scarcely keeled, slightly ascending ; gular scales HOANY GMOOUT Gases nos keene & 20. bruijni, p. 295. b. Several strongly enlarged flat scales below the ear. a, Anterior border of gular pouch not distinctly toothed ; spines of the dorsal crest not bony. Crest uninterrupted, low; gular scales AMGUL RORIOE 2555354 i ah esie shai = 21. binotatus, p. 295. Crest subcontinuous, notched above the shoulder; anterior gular scales nearly smooth, some enlarged ...... 22. godeffroyt, p. 295. Nuchal and dorsal crests separated ; gular scales keeled...........+.6 05 23. papuensis, p. 297. (. Anterior border of gular pouch with strong serration formed by large com- pressed triangular scales; __ spines of the nuchal and dorsal crests bony...... 24. boydii, p. 297. 2. Ventral scales smooth ........ 25. grandis, p. 298. 1. Gonyocephalus doriz. Gonyocephalus doriz, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1871, p. 570, and Ann. Mus. Genov. iii. 1872, p. 28, pl. iii. fig. 1. Head high, with strongly elevated projecting supraciliary borders forming an angle posteriorly ; canthus rostralis strongly projecting ; snout a little longer than the diameter of the orbit; tympanum much smaller than the eye-opening ; upper head-scales small, sub- equal, smooth ; no enlarged scales on the temple ; twelve upper and as many lower labials. Gular sac well developed, with serrated anterior edge; gular scales much smaller than ventrals, smooth. Body very strongly compressed. Nuchal and dorsal crests continuous, the former scarcely higher than the latter, its height equalling nearly the diameter of the orbit; it begins on a line with the posterior border of the orbit ; the scales of the crest are triangular, with a very regular basal series of large quadrangular ones. Dorsal scales small, equal, roundish or squarish, scarcely imbricate, smooth, without any enlarged ones; ventral scales large, perfectly smooth. Limbs above with equal smooth scales; third and fourth fingers equal; the adpressed hind limb reaches the posterior border 12. GONYOCEPHALUS. 285. of the orbit. Tail very strongly compressed, with serrated edge above; caudal scales perfectly smooth, except the two inferior series, which are enlarged and strongly keeled; length of the tail once and a half that of head and body, Olive-brown above, with a series of darker spots on each side of the back; tail with regular dark annuli, Total length .. 66.5. < 331 millim TOR isos toc estate syste sis BO! 45 Width of head ........ ZO. aay 1 aes oe amram Sete 03.°.3, Hore WMDs es oi ek Tope md DMb os ae ss LOB: +4, PRL cis oven stasis 200< . x. Borneo. a. od. Sarawak. A. Everett, Esq. [C.]. 2. Gonyocephalus chamzleontinus. Gonyocephalus chameleontina, Gray, Cat. p. 288. Iguana chameeleontina, Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 47. Lacerta superciliosa, Shaw, Zool, iii. p. 920, pl. Ixviii. Agama gigantea, Kuhl, Beitr. Zool. Vergl. Anat. p. 106. Lophyrus tigrinus, Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 421, pl. xli. (part.) ; Schleg. udr. tot de Dierk. i. p. 5, pl. i. Galeotes lophyrus, Schleg. Abbild. p. 73, pl. xxiii. Head high, with strongly elevated projecting supraciliary borders forming an angle posteriorly ; snout as long as the diameter of the orbit, ending in a small rounded hump in the adult female; tym- panum much smaller than the eye-opening ; upper head-scales small, subequal, smooth ; sides of the head with small subgranular scales, with a few enlarged subconical ones on the temple; ten to twelve upper, and eleven to fourteen lower labials. Gular sac well de- veloped, with serrated anterior edge; gular scales much smaller than ventrals, smooth. Body very strongly compressed. Nuchal and dorsal crests continuous ; the former begins on a line with the posterior border of the orbit, and is formed of long compressed spines with three rows of smaller ones at the base; its height in the adult equals the length of the snout; the dorsal crest rapidly decreases in height, and is soon reduced to a feebly serrated ridge. Dorsal scales very small and smooth, with the points directed upwards, with a few scattered enlarged ones; ventral scales much larger, smooth. Limbs above with subequal smooth or feebly keeled scales ; fourth finger a little longer than third; the adpressed hind limb reaches the posterior border of the orbit. Tail strongly compressed, without crest, with keeled slightly serrated upper edge ; upper caudal scales smooth or feebly keeled, lower larger and strongly keeled ; length of the tail not quite twice that of head and body. Olive or greenish above, with dark reticulation which may form more or less distinct bands across the back ; tail with regular dark annul. 286 AGAMID, Total length ........'.. 356 millim NROAG Ge ccc tt er aaah tyfs Bo 55 Width of tesa). 5 .te<) (26° BOY ieee sina y OB 3 Pore Umb 254i eee Tee ig MING TN Daca ators ee 106, MOMS Se ethereal yes vy re Java; Sumatra. a. 9. Java. J. E.2Gray, Esq. [P.]. b. Her. Java. Leyden Museum. a. Bencoolen. Gen. Hardwicke [P.]. 3. Gonyocephalus kuhlii. ad 3 bs tigrinus, part., Dum. & Bibr. p. 421. —— kuhlii, Schleg. Bujdr. tot de Dierk. i. p. 5, pl. ii. This species differs from G. chameleontinus in the following points :—Supraciliary border more projecting still, serrated pos- teriorly ; supraorbital scales larger. Nuchal crest a little lower, beginning a little further back. Enlarged dorsal scales more numerous ; ventral scales feebly keeled. Scales on upper surface of limbs of very unequal size; third and fourth fingers nearly equal ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the eye. Potal longtly |. ss, <6's:% 243 millim. |; (-"t: Gear ares aed " Hn HM ine testers Go, 4; TL keh ergveneha eats SO: Ss. Siam. . a-c. 6 2. Chartaboum. M. Mouhot [C.]. (Types.) 6. Acanthosaura minor. (Prare XXIII. fig. 2.) Calotes minor, Gray, Cat. p. 244. Oriocalotes minor, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 147. Charasia minor, Theob. Cat. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 113. Snout a little longer than the diameter of the orbit; canthus rostralis and supraciliary edge angular; tympanum smaller than the eye-opening ; upper head-scales keeled, of very irregular size, enlarged on the supraorbital region; a small spine, measuring a little less than the vertical diameter of the tympanum, behind the supraciliary edge ; two other similar spines on each side of the back of the head, the foremost nearly equally distant from the tympanum and the nuchal crest, the other just above the tympanum ; seven or eight upper and as many lower labials, Gular scales alittle smaller than the ventrals. An oblique fold on each side of the neck, in front of the shoulder. Nuchal and dorsal crests continuous, low, reduced to a serrated ridge on the back. Dorsal scales rather large, strongly keeled, the upper with the points directed obliquely 13. ACANTHOSAURA. 305 upwards and backwards; some enlarged scales are scattered on the sides; ventral scales very strongly keeled, smaller than dorsals. Limbs above with subequal strongly keeled scales; fourth finger very slightly longer than third; the adpressed hind limb reaches between the neck-fold and the temple. Tail scarcely compressed, nearly twice as long as head and body, covered with uniform strongly keeled scales, which are not larger inferiorly. Pale brownish-olive above, with irregular dark-brown spots or marblings, frequently forming irregular cross bands; several dark streaks radiate from the a throat with more or less distinct irregular dark transverse ines. Total length .......... 217 millim. PRONG ee oh enna search > 4 are Width of head ........ TG <5 OO eters hoe hae a tie Diy Wore Wor oh ic utewecs Sas TEI oars or lees 45 ,, DAY cee oak as We ate 145 4 Eastern Himalayas. a-c. 2 & yg. Afghanistan. Fast-India Co. [P.]. a9. oe East-India Co. tp. ‘f LTypee) e-h. 9 & yg. Khasia. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. Ro; Sikkim. Messrs. v. Schlagintweit [C.]. kK. Sikkim. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. Ae —-?P Dr. Griffith. 7. Acanthosaura kakhienensis. Oriocalotes kakhienensis, Anders. Zoul. W. Yunnan, p. 806, pl. Ixxvi. fig. 1. Canthus rostralis and supraciliary ridge not well defined ; upper head-scales obtusely keeled, of different sizes ; no spines on the head. A slight fold above and in front of the shoulder. Nuchal crest com- posed of six to eight triangular spines, disappearing a short way behind the shoulders. Dorsal scales of moderate size, keeled ; those on the side of the back directed upwards and backwards, and those below downwards and backwards; a few large keeled scales scattered over the sides; scales of chest and belly of moderate size and strongly keeled. The hind limb extends to the angle of the jaw. Base of tail compressed, but thick and somewhat rounded. General colour above olive, irregularly variegated with brown and yellow, these colours having a tendency to arrange themselves in cross bands; a broad black band from the posterior margin of the eye to the tym- panum; black streaks radiate from the eye; under surface olive- green. ; Size of A. major. Khasia Hills. 306 AGAMIDZ. 8. Acanthosaura major. (Pxiate XXIII. fig. 3.) Oriocalotes major, Jerdon, Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 77. Charasia major, Theob. Cat. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 113. Snout longer than the diameter of the orbit; canthus rostralis and supraciliary edge angular; tympanum a little larger than the eye-opening ; upper head-scales unequal, keeled, a series of larger ones bordering inwards the supraorbital region ; no postorbital spine ; a row of projecting triangular scales borders the head posteriorly ; seven upper and as many lower labials; gular scales smaller than ventrals, feebly keeled. A rather indistinct oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Nuchal and dorsal crest continuous, reduced to a serrated ridge. Dorsal scales very irregular, some very small, others very large; all are distinctly keeled, and the upper have their points directed upwards and backwards; ventral scales distinctly keeled, smaller than the largest dorsals. Limbs above with unequal keeled scales ; fourth finger very slightly longer than third; the adpressed hind limb reaches the tympanum. ‘Tail compressed, once and two thirds as long as head and body, covered with unequal keeled scales. Olive above ; back with six large angular blackish cross bands, with the apex directed backwards; flanks reticulated with blackish ; head above with blackish cross streaks; an oblique black band from the eye to the tympanum, continued along the side of the neck; limbs and tail with dark cross bars. Total longth: o0 6.00545 248 millim. POQe aco ass eee 5 Width of head ........ LS BROOUY 15 oh c6-4:5:9 5d or 5 seein TOs Fa Fore tpm)-0s0s evecna.es 42° Gnd Ind. <5 sia Seen 63:5; TOM cor ct Syeianoros 155g; Western Himalaya. a, 9. bir of the Sutlej, near T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]}. (Type.) otegurh. 9. Acanthosaura tricarinata. Calotes tricarinatus, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxii. 1854, p. 650. Tiaris elliotti, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1860, p. 151, pl. xxv. fig. B. Oriotiaris elliotti, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 150; Jerdon, Proc, As. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 77. Oreotiaris tricarinata, Anders. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 167. Charasia (Oriotiaris) tricarinata, Scoliczka, Journ, As, Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 112. Snout slightly longer than the diameter of the orbit ; eanthus rostralis and supraciliary edge angular; tympanum nearly as large as the eye-opening; upper head-scales unequal, feebly keeled, a 13. ACANTHOSAURA.—14. JAPALURA. 307 series of larger ones bordering inwards the supraorbital region; a conical tubercle behind the supraciliary edge; an oblique transverse row of conical ribbed tubercles on each side, bordering the head posteriorly ; five or six upper and as many lower labials; gular scales smaller than ventrals, indistinctly keeled ; a conical tubercle below the tympanum. Oblique fold in front of the shoulders very indistinct. Body not, or but very slightly, compressed. Nuchal and dorsal crests continuous, reduced to a series of enlarged strongly keeled scales ; another parallel series of enlarged scales on each side of the nape, lost a short distance beyond the shoulder. Dorsal scales very irregular, scarcely imbricate, smooth or feebly keeled; strongly enlarged keeled scales are scattered on the flanks, and frequently others form angular series across the back ; ventral scales as large as the enlarged dorsals, feebly keeled. Limbs above with unequal strongly keeled scales; fourth finger longer than third; the ad- pressed hind limb reaches the eye or the tip of the snout. Tail not compressed, twice to twice and a half as long as head and body, covered with rather unequal keeled scales. Brownish-grey or blue above, uniform or with angular brown markings on the back ; lateral nuchal denticulation brown-edged ; lower surfaces uniform whitish or with small black dots. DOL IOP Fi snes 162 millim. fn os een ane Cen eo coer Width: or heatd.0... 2 o4s 10-5", DOAY chien he ae ea as So er Borel ecco areata 3 Sar PEN DOW ae Sse es AG 3 ARs 22 sat ele BS Re LID? 5; Eastern Himalaya. a 9. Sikkim. Messrs. v. er. [C.]. | (Types of b-d. 6 9. Sikkim. Sir J. Hooker [P.} Tiarrs elliotti.) ef. dQ. Sikkim. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. g-t. 62. Sikkim. W. T. Blanford, Esq. P.). k. og. Darjeeling. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P 14. JAPALURA. Japalura, Gray, Ann. f uae. N. H. (2) xii. 1858, p. 887 ; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 132 Biancia, Gray, l. c. Diploderma, Hallow, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1860, p. 490. Tympanum hidden. Body compressed. Dorsal scales hetero- geneous. A dorsal crest. Gular pouch smallor absent. An oblique fold in front of the shoulder ; gular fold present or absent. Tail feebly compressed. No preanal or femoral pores. East Indies ; Southern China. > ees 308 AGAMIDA!, . Synopsis of the Species. I. Third and fourth fingers equal. Infracaudal scales not larger than ventrals ; no transverse gular fold; tibia shorter Shee the BEY Asya as weed 1. variegata, p. 308. Infracaudal scales (at the base of the tail) larger than ventrals ; no transverse gular fold ; tibia as long as the skull........ 2. swinhonis, p. 309. Only seven upper labials .............. 3. polygonata, p. 310. Infracaudal scales larger than ventrals; a transverse gular fold; tibia shorter than PAGE Ue es Fe ieee kee ee 4. yunnanensis, p. 310. II. Fourth finger longer than third. No transverse gular fold; body subquad- PRRGHINE ci. 5 CoN Pasi ce ok Cues 5. planidorsita, p. 311. A transverse gular fold; body strongly RO DIDIEORON 04 Shaikh heh ee ae reese 6. nigrilabris, p. 311. 1. Japalura variegata. (Pirate XXIV. fig. 1.) Japalura variegata, Gray, Ann. § Mag. N. H. (2) xii. p. 888; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 188; Anders. Proce. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 164; Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soe. Beng. xii. 1872, p. 106. Biancia niger, Gray, 1. c. p. 887. Japalura microlepis, Jerdon, Proc. As. Soe. Beng. 1870, p. 76; Anders. Zool. W. Yunnan, p. 804. Snout a little longer than the diameter of the orbit; canthus rostralis sharp ; upper head-scales irregular, sharply keeled - a small tubercular scale behind the supraciliary edge ; other scattered conical scales on the hind part of the head; nine to eleven upper and as many lower labials. Male with a very small gular pouch. A well- developed nuchal crest. Body compressed, covered above and on the sides with small keeled scales intermixed with larger ones, all having their points obliquely directed upwards and backwards ; dorsal crest, a slight serrated ridge; ventral scales as large as the largest’ dorsals, strongly keeled. Limbs above with scales of irregular size; third and fourth fingers nearly equal ; fifth toe not quite as long as third; the adpressed hind limb reaches the eye; tibia shorter than the skull. Tail compressed, slender, once and a half to once and three fourths as long as head and body, covered above with unequal scales, inferiorly with equal larger ones, the size of which does not exceed that of the ventrals; all the caudal scales keeled, Olive-brown above, generally with alternating broad dark and narrower light chevron-shaped bands on the body; flanks reticulated ; a more or less distinct light band on the upper lip and along each side of the neck ; tail with dark annuli; middle of the throat generally black. 14, JAPALURA. 309 rover longth |... 6532. 316 millim. BE isk gers, Sia aura tia aR ae Width of head ........ 1s 5, |S ROE eae RASTER TA SZ. 45 Were UM) vos cece Sex oS yy Bre Limbo ese te | rn BML pitiaceeowtatenren raters BUS 44 Himalayas. a-b, 2& her. Sikkim. Sir J. Hooker [P.]. (Types.) ce, d-e. SQ. Sikkim. Sir J. Hooker Ps (Types of Biancia niger.) Feces Sikkim. Messrs. v. Schlagintweit [C.]. 9.2: Sikkim. T. C. Jerdon,Esq. [P.] (Type of J. microlepis.) h-i. Ye. Sikkim. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. k-o. So. Darjeeling. p-qa. 3d &. Darjeeling. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. 2. Japalura swinhonis. Japalura swinhonis, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 138, pl. xiv. fig. B. Snout a little longer than the diameter of the orbit; canthus rostralis sharp ; upper head-scales very small, irregular, keeled ; a small tubercular scale behind the supraciliary edge, and others scattered on the hind part of the head; eight or nine upper and as many lower labials. Male with a very small gular pouch. Asmall nuchal crest. Body strongly compressed, covered above and on the sides with small keeled scales intermixed with larger ones ; only the upper dorsal scales have their points directed upwards ; dorsal crest, a very slightly serrated ridge; ventral scales only a little larger than the gulars, strongly keeled. Limbs above with scales of irregular size; third and fourth fingers nearly equal; fifth toe not quite as long as third ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the anterior border of the orbit, or between the latter and the tip of the snout; tibia as long as the skull. Tail compressed, slender, twice and one third to twice and a half as long as head and body, covered above with unequal scales, inferiorly with equal large ones which are larger than the ventrals ; all the caudal scales keeled. Olive- brown above, the back with dark chevron-shaped cross bands; a light longitudinal band on each side of the back; head generally dotted with blackish; sides reticulate with brown; throat greyish, with large white spots; tail with dark annuli. ¢ Total TORU 4450-05 a5 284 millim. LOR sok cases oven ees os, Width of head ........ GP BOM eeu s cme eee: Oa <4 FGP6 DINM: sea? so doce 8 43, Hind Wm. oe ktsaciese ae GU are SLR ay te 198: . 4 Formoss. 310 AGAMIDE, a 8), Formosa. R. Swinhoe, Esq. [C.]. (Type.) b-c,d. 3 & hgr. Formosa. R. Swinhoe, Esq. | C.}. e-f. 3. Formosa. M. Dickson, Esq. | P 3. Japalura polygonata. Diploderma polygonatum, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1860, p. 490. Japalura polygonata, Giinth. Rept. Brit, Ind. p. 134. Appears to be very closely allied to the preceding. Seven upper labials. Uniform greenish-olive above, somewhat deeper upon the back, much lighter beneath, with a marked tinge of yellow; eight dark bands upon the tail. Amakarima Island, Loo Choo. 4. Japalura yunnanensis. J aor swinhoii (non Gthr.), Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, J spalurd yunnanensis, Anders. Zool. W. Yunnan, p. 803, pl. lxxvii. tig, 2. Snout a little longer than the diameter of the orbit; canthus rostralis sharp; upper head-scales moderately large, irregular, keeled; a conical scale behind the supraciliary edge, and others scattered on the hind part of the head; eight upper and as many lower labials. No regular gular pouch; a well-marked transverse gular fold. A small nuchal crest. Body compressed, covered above and on the sides with small strongly keeled scales intermixed with larger ones which may form rather regular longitudinal series ; upper dorsal scales with their points directed slightly upwards and back- wards ; dorsal crest a very slightly serrated ridge; dorsal scales a little larger than the gulars, strongly keeled. Limbs above with scales of unequal size; third and fourth fingers nearly equal; fifth toe nearly as long as third; the adpressed hind limb reaches the eye or the anterior border of the orbit; tibia shorter than the skull. Tail compressed, slender, a little more than twice as long as head and body, covered above with subequal scales; lower caudal scales larger, larger than the ventrals ; all the caudal scales keeled. Olive above, head spotted with dark brown, the back with a series of dark spots or bands separated by narrow light interspaces ; a more or less distinct light longitudinal band on each side of the back ; sides reticulate with dark brown; limbs and tail with dark transverse bars. Total length <<... 45%. 288 millim WOU Say Se ae teint 59 2 ys Width of head ........ 19. BONS. SK ce hoa aee 62s ‘5, ore tim) inset ck AS, . 3 PRI MM Soe eects Tar) om AIRS etch eee: 200: 4, Western China. a-c. dQ. Szechuen. R. Swinhoe, Esq. [C.], 14. JAPALURA. alt 5. Japalura planidorsata. (Prare XXIV. fig. 2.) Japalura planidorsata, Jerdon, Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 70; Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc, Beng. xii. 1872, p. 106; Anders. Zool. W. Yunnan, p. 804. Snout not or scarcely longer than the diameter of the orbit ; canthus rostralis sharp ; upper head-scales irregular, sharply keeled, the largest on the supraorbital region ; a few conical scales on the hinder border of the head; nine or ten upper and as many lower labials. Body subquadrangular, the back being plane, bordered by a slight ridge of enlarged scales on each side; dorsal and lateral scales very irregular, keeled, intermixed with enlarged ones which on the back form five angular transverse series, with the point turned backwards; a very slight serrated vertebral ridge ; ventral scales as large as the largest dorsals, strongly keeled. Limbs above with scales of irregular size; fourth finger longer than third; fifth toe as long as third; the adpressed hind limb reaches the eye or a little beyond the tip of the snout; tibia as long as, or slightly shorter than, the skull. Tail slightly compressed, above with un- equal scales, inferiorly with equal larger ones, the size of which does not exceed that of the ventrals; all the caudal scales keeled. Olive-brown above, flanks darker ; a band on the upper lip, whitish. Total length (tail broken). 95 millim. RUBE sip oreccsrateg ears s ci ae Width of head ........ 10°5 ,, Boy csi eee atuien es [ee MOVEUNIO sc sane se areas ae Ting Rink: ese aes aes | Khasia. a-b, Her. (?). Khasia. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. (Types.) 6. Japalura nigrilabris. Otocryptis (Japalura) nigrilabris, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1864, p. 385. Snout very short, shorter than the diameter of the orbit, with angular canihus rostralis; supraciliary ridge prominent, feebly serrated ; upper head-scales irregular, sharply keeled ; scattered enlarged tubercular scales on the posterior part of the head; thirteen upper and as many lower labials; gular scales small, spinose, with enlarged conical ones on the sides, Male with a small gular pouch. A strong transverse gular fold. Body com- pressed, covered above and on the sides with very small keeled scales intermixed with scattered enlarged ones, the points of which are directed upwards and backwards. Nuchal and dorsal crests a slight serrated ridge; ventral scales as large as the largest dorsals, strongly keeled. Limbs above with scales of irregular size ; fourth finger longer than third; fifth toe as long as third; the adpressed hind limb reaches a little beyond the tip of the snout; tibia longer 1) ae AGAMIDA. than the skull. Tail compressed, not twice as long as head and body, covered above with unequal scales, inferiorly with equal larger ones, the size of which exceeds that of the ventrals; all the caudal scales keeled. Light brown, with broad oblique blackish bands down each side; lips dark brown; some of the enlarged scales whitish. Total length: sci ox:e 132 millim FLORA een arc od ens TS: OCs Width of head ........ 1 sae BONY oid oo dard trees oo. Pore diab osc 2 view de O05 Hind dimt.2..F. 58s 49 ,, EC llaicacsan ihe atene eae 82/4 Borneo. ano. Matang. 15. SALEA. Salea, Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 242; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 146. Mecolepis, 4. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 87. - Lophosalea, Beddome, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1878, p. 153. Tympanum distinct. Body compressed, covered with unequal- sized imbricate keeled scales. Male with a. dorso-nuchal crest and a gular sac. No transverse gular fold. Tail compressed. No femoral or preanal pores. Southern India. 1. Salea horsfieldii. Salea horsfieldii, Gray, Cat. p. 242. Salea jerdonii, Gray, Ann. Mag. N. H. xviii. 1846, p. 429 ; Jerdon, Journ. As. Soc, Beng. xxii. 1853, p. 473; Kelaart, Prodr. Faun. Zeyl. p. 167. Mecolepis trispinosus, A. Dum. Cat. Méth. p. 88, and Arch, Mus. viii. p. 564, pl. xxiv. fig. 1. hirsutus, A. Dum. Ul. ec. pp. 88 & 566, fig. 2. sulcatus, 4. Dum. Ul. cc. pp. 89 & 567, fig. 3. ‘Salea horsfieldii, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 146. Snout not more than once and a half as long as the diameter of the orbit, which equals about twice that of the tympanum ; upper head-scales large, rugose, with a more or less marked curved series of regular ones bordering the supraorbital region internally ; a row of three or four enlarged scales from the eye to above the tympanum. Gular scales lanceolate, keeled, ending in a spine as large as ora little larger than the ventrals. No fold in front of the shoulder. Nuchal crest, in the male composed of a few lanceolate spines directed backwards, the longest measuring nearly the length of the snout, with smaller ones at the base; in the female this crest is reduced to a double row of alternate oblique short spines ; dorsal 15. SALEA. 313 crest not continuous with nuchal, composed of similar slightly shorter lanceolate spines in the male, absent in the female. Dorsal scales large, rhomboidal, strongly keeled, pointing straight back- wards ; they are nearly always of unequal size, larger ones being scattered on the sides; ventral scales very strongly imbricate, strongly keeled and ending ina spine, nearly as large as the dorsals. Limbs moderately elongate, the adpressed hind limb reaching be- tween the shoulder and the tympanum. ‘Tail compressed, and with a small upper crest in the male, scarcely compressed, and without a crest in the-female; caudal scales subequal, strongly keeled. Pale olive above, with irregular dark-brown cross bands, which may be broken up by a band of the light-brown colour running along each side of the back ; the enlarged scales on the sides frequently white ; a blackish band, edged below with white, extends from the eye to the fore limb, passing through the tympanum; tail usually with regular dark-brown annuli. Total leneth 2s .dcdx ia 345 millim. TIGA iat ees 2 a Width of head ........ AG” ou WOGY Goa aaa 68 4, Fore disih2 spevs wa 44 ,, Bae ss ae ov Gitar pte ae ery Set we at 250° .,; Southern India. a-b. 9. India. East-India Company. (Types.) e-d. 3. Madras. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.|. (Types of Salea jerdonit.) ef. 9. 8. India. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. oe Nilgherries. Col. Beddome [C. ]. h. Yg. Malabar. Col. Beddome | C. }. 2. Salea anamallayana. Lophosalea anamallayana, Beddome, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 153, pl. xiv. Snout long, measuring nearly twice the diameter of the orbit; tympanum once and two thirds or once and three fifths the diameter of the orbit; upper head-scales rather large, feebly keeled, with a regular curved series of enlarged scales bordering the supraorbital region internally; an enlarged tubercle behind the supraciliary edge and a few others scattered on the back of the head ; a row of three or four enlarged scales from the eye to above the tympanum. Gular scales a little larger than ventrals, smooth or keeled. A well- marked curved fold on each side of the neck, in front of the shoulder. Dorso-nuchal crest continuous, composed of large lanceo- late spines. Dorsal scales of unequal size, their arrangement vary - ing considerably, strongly keeled, the upper ones pointing upwards 314 AGAMIDZ. and backwards, the others straight backwards or backwards and downwards; ventral scales very strongly imbricate, strongly keeled, and ending in a spine. The adpressed hind limb reaches the neck. Tail strongly compressed, in its anterior half with an upper crest nearly as much developed as the dorsal; caudal scales rather un- equal in size, keeled. Pale olive above, with four broad angular dark-brown cross bands on the back, separated by narrow inter- spaces; head to the lip dark brown, with small light spots; limbs and tail with more or less regular dark-brown cross bars. Total lengths .03.5 0i-.0ss 271 millim. TGQ osc nee ea Ne 3h eee Width of head ........ AD rs Body wok trea one Z cs POPs uD he coe tata 47 ,, Milne MOP dees Sessa 6S- Tail Ginjured)) a.i6:6 67. 160)e Southern India. @.'ds Anamallays, 6000 ft. Col. Beddome [C.]. (Type.) b-c. oS. Pulney hills. Col. Beddome ot 16. CALOTES *. Calotes, Cuv. R. A. ii. p. 35; Fitzing. N. Classif. Rept. p.17; Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 618; Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 152; Wregm. Herp. Mex. p- 14; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 891; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 46; Gray, Cat. Liz, p. 242; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. A 139. Bronchocela, Kaup, lc. p. 619; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 394; Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 45; Gray, Cat. p. 240; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 187. Lophodeira, Fitz. le. p. 46. Pseudocalotes, Fritz. 1. ¢. Tympanum distinct. Body compressed, covered with equal-sized scales. A dorso-nuchal crest. A more or less developed gular sac in the male; no transverse gular fold, or a very feebly marked one. Tail round or feebly compressed. No femoral or preeanal pores. Indian Region. Synopsis of the Species. I. No fold in front of the shoulder. A. Lateral scales pointing backwards and downwards. 1. Ventral scales larger than latero-dorsals. a. Fourth finger nearly the same length as the fifth toe. a. Upper dorsal scales pointing upwards and backwards. 57 to 97 scales round the middle of the body ; tympanum at least half the diameter of the orbit............ 1. cristatellus, p. 316. * Salea gularis, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxii. 1853, p. 473.—Mirzapore ? 16. cALOTEs. 315 53 to 67 scales round the middle of the body; tympanum hardly half the diameter of the orbit............ 2. celebensis, p. 318. B. Only the scales of the row at the base of the dorsal crest point upwards. 61 to 75 scales round the middle of the body ; gular scales smaller than those on upper surface of arm.......... 3. marmoratus, p. 318. 43 to 53 (65) scales round the middle of the body; gular scales as large as those on upper surface of arm... 4. jubatus, p. 318. 6. Fourth finger much longer than the fifth toe. 53 scales round the middle of the body 5. smaragdinus, p. 319. 2. Ventral scales not larger than latero-dorsals, 43 to 53 scales round the middle of the Y PUNGIDS ashes nso Ue alaty ws. sea ai ac cia se soar a 6. tympanistriga, p. 320. B. Lateral scales pointing backwards and upwards. 35 to 47 scales round the middle of the body ; tympanum at least half the diameter of the orbit ........ 7. versicolor, p. 321. 53 to 61 scales round the middle of the body; tympanum not quite one third the diameter of the orbit .... 8. maria, p. 322. II. An oblique fold or pit covered with small granular scales in front of the shoulder, not extending across the throat. A. Dorsal scales larger than ventrals, keeled. Two serrated parallel ridges on each side of the back of the head ; colour BROOD air heme yey Cae orn aak s 9. jerdonii, p. 323. A long spine behind the supraciliary edge, and two others above the ear. 10. emma, p. 324. No postorbital spine; a few small spines above the ear ............ 11. mystaceus, p. 325. B. Dorsal scales larger than ventrals, smooth. Lateral scales pointing upwards and backwards ; 29 to 35 scales round the middle of the body .......... 12. grandisquamis, p. 325. Lateral scales pointing upwards and backwards: 37 to 43 scales round the middle of the body .......... 18. nemoricola, p. 326. Lateral scales pointing downwards and DOCK WOIOE fs cc Stes scan ats 14. liolepis, p. 326, 316 AGAMIDZ. C. Dorsal scales as large as or smaller than ventrals. Lateral scales pointing upwards and DOCK AIIB sles scei ie vic cm aiens tals 15. ophiomachus, p. 327. Lateral scales pointing downwards and 5 backwards; ventrals much larger PHAM COTS 2d acini neta eeras 16. nigrilabris, p. 328. Lateral scales pointing downwards and backwards ; no spines whatever on ILC SUDR S creraiets rs dct ie waka hee acts 17. liocephalus, p. 329. III. An oblique fold in front of the shoulder, extending across the _ throat. « No spine at the posterior corner of TRG OEE bs. 3 ed mags gare ee satus 18. rouai, p. 330. A small slender spine behind the supra- MUAY COR Hekate wea ask 19. elliotti, p. 330. 1. Calotes cristatellus. Bronchocela cristatella, Gray, Cat. p. 241. Agama cristatella, Kuhl, Beitr. Zool. Vergl. Anat. p. 108. gutturosa, Merr. Tent. p. 51. Calotes cristatellus, Fitz. N. Class. Rept. p. 49. Agama moluccana, Lesson, Coquille, Rept. pl. i. fig. 2. Calotes gutturosa, Guérin, Icon. R. A., Rept. pl. vii. fig. 3. Agama vultuosa, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 56. Bronchocela cristatella, Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 619; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 895 ; Cantor, Cat. Mal. Rept. p.30; Girard, U.S. Explor. Eaped., Herp. p. 411; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 138 ; Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1867, p. 17; Steind. Novara, Rept. p. 27 ; Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxxix. 1870, p. 178. (Lophodeira) cristatella, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 46. moluccana, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1867, p. 17; Stoliczka, l. ce. p. 179. intermedia, Peters & Doria, Ann. Mus. Genov. xiii. 1878, . 875. teas burmana, Blanf. Journ, As. Soc. Beng. xlviii. 1878, p. 127. Upper head-scales rather small, keeled, slightly enlarged on supra- orbital region ; a few more or less distinct, erect, compressed scales behind the supraciliary edge ; tympanum half, or more than half, the diameter of the orbit. Gular pouch very small; gular scales keeled, smaller than ventrals, distinctly larger than latero-dorsals. No oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Nuchal crest composed of erect compressed spines, the longest never equalling the diameter of the orbit; dorsal crest a mere serrated ridge. 57 to 97 scales round the middle of the body; dorsal scales keeled, much smaller than ventrals, the upper ones directed upwards and backwards, the others downwards and backwards. The adpressed hind limb reaches between the eye and the tip of the snout; third and fourth fingers equal or nearly so, about as long as the fifth toe. Tail round, sub- triangular at the base. Green, uniform or with reddish-white markings. 16. cALOTES. 317 Total length. ..... «.%<% 520 millim. PMS Sure b'9.e ee Ciesla ae 27 ier Width of head ........ 2a". as Ge RE eee er ear Bere 4, POPS MMD: 2c ee ks OS .55 ae LEY Sisks gtaucsiack wes 106- —.; PORE se ak eaeeeetas 4 400 ,, Indo-Malayan peninsula and archipelago. An examination of the series in the British Museum shows that a separation of C. cristatellus from C. moluccanus cannot be carried out, although indeed the extreme forms are rather different. The typical C. cristatellus has the rostral very small, separated from the nasal by three or four scales, the two first supralabials very small, the nasal being situated above the third labial, and eighty-one to ninety-seven scales round the middle of the body. C. moluccanus has the rostral larger, separated from the nasal by one or two scales, the nasal situated above the second labial, and fifty-nine to sixty- three scales. However, there are many exceptions, and as similar variations occur also, independently of localities, in the allied C. jubatus, I think a specific separation would not be justified. We have specimens which, in the rostral scutellation, are typical C. cristatellus, but with seventy-five rows of scales; others with the same number of scales, but with the rostral scutellation of C. moluc- canus ; Others have the nasal separated from the rostral by three scales and, nevertheless, situated above the second labials, &c. That the number of scales does not exactly correspond with the localities is well shown by specimens lo, which, of same size and similar in every other respect, vary in the number of scales round the middle of the body from seventy-five to ninety-one. a,b. 3 & hgr. Penang. Gen. Hardwicke [P.]. o-d. S. Penang. — Dr. Cantor. ef. 3. Singapore. g-t. Her. Singapore. Sir E. Belcher [P.]. k. oS. Singapore. Dr. Dennys [P.]. Lo. Her. Nias. Hr. Sandemann [C.]. py dQ. Borneo. Sir E. Belcher [P.]. r-t,u-v. d & hgr. Borneo, L, L. Dillwyn, Esq. [P.]. w. 9. Puerto Princesa. A. Everett, Esq. G4 x-y. Hgr. Dinagat Island. A. Everett, Esq. [C. ]. z-B. Hgr. & yg. Celebes. Wee N. Ceram. 0-¢. Her. . Mysol. DecktBts. \. Amboyna P 6. Her Timor Laut. H. O. Forbes, Esq. [C.]. a Skeleton. —? 318 AGAMIDZE. 2. Calotes celebensis. Bronchocela celebensis, Gray, Cat. p. 241. Bronchocela celebensis, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p. 168; Peters & Doria, Ann, Mus, Genov, xiii. 1878, p. 376. Scarcely different from the preceding. The tympanum is smaller, the spines of the male’s nuchal crest narrower, and the scales rather larger ; 53 to 67 scales round the middle of the body. Size and proportions as in the preceding. Celebes. a. do. Celebes. (Type.) b-<. ¢ Q. N. Celebes. Dr. A. B. Meyer [C.]. dt. 3,2, & hgr. Manado. Dr. A. B. Meyer [C.]. 3. Calotes marmoratus. Bronchocela marmorata, Gray, Cat. p. 242. ? Hombr. & Jacq. Voy. Péle Sud, Rept. pl. iii. ? Lophyrus spinosus, 4. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 91. Calotes (Bronchocela) philippinus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1867, p. 16. Bronchocela marmorata, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soe. 1873, p. 168. Also closely allied to C. cristatellus, from which it differs in the following points :—The male’s dorsal crest a little more developed ; gular sac larger; gular scales smaller, scarcely larger than dorso- laterals ; only the scales of the row contiguous to the dorsal crest point upwards. Upper and lateral head-scales very small; 61 to 75 scales round the middle of the body. Purplish (in spirit) with blue- green undulating lines which are more or less distinct. Total length .........: 512 millim. LGA Sie heh Gress tare at SS". 5 Width of head ........ 19: WOOy 6 siavcies Sighs a Mote BA VG see see Go = FOG BIND. oie eco s hak LOG: 5; PERL gtaig a ciahs dace deveeal ty 390 =, Philippine Islands. a. od. Philippines. Type. d. g: Philipines. 6 ae Esq. a e-d. SQ. Luzon. Dr. A. B. Meyer [C.]. 4, Calotes jubatus. Bronchocela gutturosa, Gray, Cat. p. 241. Bronchocela gutturosa, (non Merr.) Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 619. —— jubata, Dum. & . p. 397; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 189 ; Steind. Novara, Rept. p. 27; Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxxix. 1870, p. 179. 16. CALOTEs. 319 Upper head-scales moderate, keeled, not enlarged on supraorbital region ; a few erect compressed scales behind the supraciliary edge ; tympanum half or more than half the diameter of the orbit. Gular pouch well developed ; gular scales keeled, smaller than the ventrals. No oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Nuchal crest large, com- posed of falciform spines directed backwards, the longest equalling or exceeding the diameter of the orbit, with several irregular rows of smaller spines at the base; dorsal crest well developed, though much less so than the nuchal, gradually decreasing in size towards the posterior part of the body. 48 to 53 (exceptionally 65) scales round the middle of the body; dorsal scales keeled, smaller than the ventrals; the scales of the row contiguous to the dorsal crest point upwards and backwards, those of the next row point straight backwards, all the others backwards and downwards. The adpressed hind limb reaches between the eye and the tip of the snout ; third and fourth fingers equal, about as longas the fifth toe. Tail round, sub- triangular, and with slight upper ridge at the base. Green, generally with yellow or reddish spots and short bands. ‘Total length... .. 0.0.3 570 millim. PE ORO Stas gc ee wa 4 34. sC«, Width of head ........ 1 ee TROUT Seb aired aise wiktie fod 06."5>,, Fors D0. esas 5 es (tare BIR PIR 5 access co LOT” 35 PASS Bree inaras Seiad 440 ,, East-Indian archipelago ; Nicobars. a, b. Several spec. : Java. C. Bowring, Esq. [P.]. 3,2, her. & yg. c,d. 3 Q. Java. Dr. Ploem [C.]. e,f,g-h. 3 &. Java, G. Lyon, Esq. [P.]. i-k. Hgr. Java. bud. Batavia. m. 3. Soerabaya. J. B. Jukes, Esq. [ P.]. n 3. Manado, Celebes. Dr. A. B, Meyer [O- o. Yg. K. Indies, Dr. J. E. Gray [P.] p. 3. E. Indies. East India Comp. q. Skeleton. — 5. Calotes smaragdinus. Bronchocela smaragdina, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 138. Upper head-scales small, keeled, slightly enlarged on supraorbital region; tympanum not half the diameter of the orbit. No gular pouch ; anterior gular scales large, posterior smaller. No oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Nuchal and dorsal crests scarcely indicated (@). 53 scales round the middle of the body; dorsal scales small, rather feebly keeled, the upper ones pointing straight: backwards, the others backwards and downwards; ventral scales’ much larger than dorsals, strongly keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the tip of the snout or a little beyond ; third and fourth 320 7 - AGAMIDZE, fingers equal, very long, much longer than the fifth toe. Tail round. Green ; a white line along the side of the body and tail and the hinder. side of the thigh. Total lengthy acces oss 3 428 millim TOR eer uo Sa ee O° es Width of head ........ | ee DOO: Sa cine go bs wie uae SO es WGPO IA: os hig erin ks 66; IG Ms go ea ce 98: 4, ARO yea nee ey 325, Camboja. ab, 2. Camboja. M. Mouhot [C.]. (Types.) 6. Calotes tympanistriga. Bronchocela tympanistriga, Gray, Cat. p. 242. . Bronchocela tympanistriga (Kuhl), Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 56; Dum. & Bibr. p. 399; Steind. Novara, Rept. p. 27. (Pseudocalotes) tympanistriga, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 46. Upper head-scales rather large, irregular, feebly keeled; a small tubercle behind the supraciliary edge, and a few others scattered on the back of the head; tympanum not quite half the diameter of the orbit. Gular pouch scarcely developed; gular scales feebly keeled, about the size of the ventrals. No oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Nuchal crest composed of very small spines ; dorsal crest a slightly serrated ridge. 48 to 53 scales round the middle of the body. Dorsal scales smooth or very feebly keeled, as large as or slightly larger than ventrals, the uppermost pointing backwards and upwards, the others backwards and downwards; ventral scales strongly keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the neck or the tympanum ; fourth finger slightly longer than third. Tail com- pressed, with a slight upper ridge at the base. Greenish, uniform or with more or less distinct dark markings, Total TODO Bg ae cS 264 millim SAOG Sis cease ee GA Ee Width of head ...... ree 5 ore . a DERE ee ee SB. <5, FOOD FIONN ee xe ca ecareca a Se Pe IND i oe oo mer Y las BME Sok Fa sea ea 185, . Java; Sumatra. a,b. dQ. —? ec. @. Pajo, Sumatra, Hr. Carl Bock [C.]. 16. CALOTES. 321 7. Calotes versicolor. Calotes versicolor, Gray, Cat. p. 243, Agama versicolor, Daud. Rept. iii. p. 395, pl. xliv.; Kuhl, Bett. Zool. Vergl. Anat. p. 114. | tiedemanni, Kuhl, 1. c. p. 109. —— vultuosa, Harl. Jowrn. Ac. Philad. iv. 1825, p. 296, pl. xix. Calotes tiedemanni, Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 612, pl. viii. Agama indica, Gray, Zool. Journ. iii. {398, p- 217. Calotes versicolor, Fitz. N. Class. Rept. p. 49; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 405 ; Kelaart, Prodr. Faun. Zeyl. p. 170; Jerdon, Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xxii. 1853, p. 470; Blyth, ibid. p. 649; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 140; Anders, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1872, p. 381; Blanf. E. Persia, p- 313; Anders. Zool. Yunnan, p. 805. cristatus, Jacquemont, Voy. dans 0 Inde, Rept. pl. ii. ? Calotes viridis, Gray, Ann. § Mag. N. H. xviii. 1846, p. 429. Upper head-scales rather large, smooth or feebly keeled, imbricate, more or less enlarged on supraorbital region; two well-separated spines (seldom absent or scarcely distinct) on each side of the back of the head, above the ear ; tympanum half, or less than half, the diameter of theorbit. Gular pouch not developed ; gular scales smooth or feebly keeled, as large as or larger than ventrals, largest and mucronate in the adult male. No oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Dorso- nuchal crest well developed in the male, composed of lanceolate spines gradually decreasing in size towards the posterior part of the back. Thirty-five to forty-seven scales round the middle of the body ; dorsal scales more or less distinctly keeled, larger than ventrals, all directed upwards and backwards; ventral scales strongly keeled. The ad- pressed hind limb reaches the temple or the eye; fourth finger a little longer than third, Tail round. Light brownish or yellowish (in spirit), uniform or with dark transverse bands or spots, or dark olive-brown with light spots or longitudinal lines ; belly sometimes with dark longitudinal lines. Total length 4a 45 oa 405 millim. MONS ati enka We cca ete 5 Width of head ........ a MOON corr hot elit lias 86, MORO TERED Sedo siae se and ise 62 WAG HI i acta 8 OOF 2 ENS og Sete ie wl eh ii BOD ks Ceylon, India, eastwards to Tenasserim, Cochin China, and Southern China, westwards to Afghanistan and Baluchistan. 4353-9; Ceylon. e-d. dO. Ceylon. R. Templeton, Esq. [P.]. e-h, t. &, hgr., & yg. Ceylon. Messrs. v. Schlagintweit [C.}. ; k. Yg. Ceylon. W. H. Holdsworth, Esq. : fC.). l-m. Yg. India. Gen. Hardwicke [P.]. n-0, p. 5,9, & her. India. W. Masters, Esq. [P.]. » 222 q. Her. r-s, Her. t, u, v-w. 3, her, & yg. x. Many specimens. y, za. 2 & yg. B,y-8. 3, hgr., & yg. e. Hgr. (KA. o,9, & her. p-v. Her. é&. 3. o-r. 9 & yg. p-h, x-bb. 3,9, & her. C65. dd, ee. Several specimens. mn. eet ss—tt Her. uu. od. w-yy.3,2, & Ris a, aa, BB-yy, 8 d-ce.d,9, net» yg ¢¢. Skeleton. AGAMIDZ, India. India. India. Malabar. Madras. Madras. Godavery Valley. Deccan. Ganjam, Patna. Punjab? Khasia. Jamu, Himalayas. Nepal. Sind. Afghanistan. Afghanistan. Kalagan, Baluchistan. Salween Valley, Burmah. Siam. Siam. Pachebon. Bangkok. Canton. Hainan. China. Ceylon. 8. Calotes maria. Calotes maria, part., Gray, Cat. p. C. Bowring, Esq. | P. . fc Jerdon, Gi [P.]. Col. Bento tp Major Bean [P J. a Boileau, P.). . T. Blanford, e [P. Col. Sykes [P.]. F. Day, Esq. [P.]. W. Mee, Esq. [P.}. Dr. Cantor. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. a : Messrs. v. Schlagint- weit [C.]. B. H. Hodgson, Esq. [P. Dr. Leith PP. East India Comp. W. T. Blanford, Esq. rO. ie i C. Beavan C. podring, E rP.}). M. Mouhot ct x Mouhot | C F, E. Lott, ae ‘TP.1. R. Swinhoe [C.] R. Swinhoe ot J. R. Reeves, Esq. [Yk 243. Calotes platyceps, Blyth, in Kelaart, Prod. Faun. Zeyl., App. p. 46. —— maria, part., Guinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p- 144, —— maria, Jerdon, Proc, As. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 77; Giinth. Proce, Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 778, 1872, p. 382, and Zool. UnNAN, Pp. 806. l. xlv. fig. 2; Anders. Proc. Zool. Soc. Upper head-scales rather large, smooth or feebly keeled, imbricate, very slightly enlarged on supraorbital region; two parallel longitu- dinal series of enlarged erect scales, terminating in long spines, above the temple, the lower series separated from the tympanum by several rows of scales; tympanum very small, measuring less than one third the diameter of the orbit. Gular pouch not developed ; gular scales strongly keeled, larger than ventrals, not larger than dorsals. No oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Dorso-nuchal 16. CALOTES. 323 crest well developed anteriorly, the longest spines measuring nearly two thirds the diameter of the orbit, gradually decreasing in size and reduced to a feebly serrated edge on the posterior half of the back. Fifty-three to sixty-one scales round the middle of the body ; dorsal scales feebly keeled, all directed upwards and backwards; ventral scales much smaller than dorsals, strongly keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the anterior border of the orbit, or between the latter and the nostril; third and fourth fingers nearly equal. Tail round. Green, with a few light (red) markings constantly present on the limb-joints. Lotal tength .......... 488 millim. SO eter nee ee BO. (as Width of head ........ 3. ba ae a ee oo ae Pore dm? so co0k vier zens On Ss EEN, TUNG Ged ercca nae de Lee ARS, Ya selon t outed einige at shi’ SiO. & Khasia hills. a, 3. Afghanistan. | E.India Compy. (Type.) | oe {Ahsan c-d, e-h. 3 Q. hasia. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. 9. Calotes jerdonii. Calotes maria, part., Gray, Cat. p. 248. Oalotes maria, part., Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 144. platyceps (non Blyth), Jerdon, Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 77. jerdonii, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 778, pl. xlv. fig. 1; Anders. Proc, Zool. Soc. 1872, ps 882. Upper head-scales rather large, smooth or feebly keeled, imbri- cate, very slightly enlarged on supraorbital region; two parallel longitudinal series of enlarged erect scales on the temple, forming serrated ridges, not terminating in spines ; the lower serrated ridge separated from the tympanum by one or two rows of scales ; tym- panum not quite half the diameter of the orbit. Gular pouch not developed ; gular scales strongly keeled, larger than dorsals. A strong oblique fold or pit in front of the shoulder. Dorso-nuchal crest very low, the longest spines (on the nape) equalling about the diameter of the tympanum. Forty-seven to fifty-five scales round the middle of the body; dorsal scales feebly keeled, all directed upwards and backwards ; ventral scales much smaller than dorsals, strongly keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye, or between the latter and the nostril ; fourth finger a little longer than third. Tail round. Green, uniform, or with light (red) markings, which may form a longitudino-lateral band; frequently black lines radiate from the eye; the fold on the side of the neck black. Total length. ....... 0. 362 millim. Head. vs00s es cies & 1s a x2 324 AGAMIDA. Width of head .......; 16 millim. BOdG ccce awa sac snes smrenne i ar Bore: Wp 35.08 seve cet 6S 5 Bind Jim eek 14 Yar DOU tay caavare aoa neue BIO. %s, Khasia hills ; Himalayas. a,b. Many spec.:¢,2, Khasia. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. & hgr. : (TYpes. c-e. 5 & yg. Khasia. East India Co. (Typesof C. maria. f-g. & & her. Khasia. Sir J. Hooker [P.]. WL. Jamu, Himalayas. Messrs. v. Schlagintweit [C. ]. i d. { Afghanistan. | 10. Calotes emma. (Pratt XXV. fig. 1.) Calotes emma, Gray, Cat. p. 244. Calotes emma, Blyth, Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xxii. 1855, p. 647 ; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 144 ; Anders. Zool. Yunnan, p. 806. Upper head-scales imbricate, keeled, strongly enlarged on supra- orbital region; a long spine surrounded by small ones behind the supraciliary edge, and two others on each side between the tympa- num and the nuchal crest ; the posterior spine smallest, just above the tympanum ; latter measuring half the diameter of the orbit. Gular pouch not developed; gular scales keeled, as large as, or a little larger than, ventrals. A very strong oblique curved fold in front of the shoulder. Nuchal crest composed of long lanceolate spines, soon decreasing in size, the dorsal crest being reduced to a feebly serrated ridge. Fifty-one to fifty-five scales round the middle of the body; dorsal scales keeled, all directed upwards and backwards ; ventral scales smaller than dorsals, strongly keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye; third and fourth fingers nearly equal. Tail slightly compressed. Light brownish olive above, with trans- verse dark-brown bands on the back, which are interrupted by a more or less strongly defined light lateral band ; black lines radiating from the eye; the fold in front of the arm black. Dotal length 6.4 acis ass 330 millim. | es, See a Width of head ........ 1k ere TOA iia s Sink a yon sae Che POPS MID: 6 bss CY PeSBU IND. Sass ss sige 7 ” (7 | RI Sareea ize ee gaan 240 ,, Kakhyen and Khasia hills, Pegu, Mergui, and Tenasserim. a. 3. Ke fghanistan. | East India Co. (Type.) b. Q. avoy. W. T. Blanford, bs. Reee c, d. India. Prof. Oldham (P.}. 16. CALOTES. 325 . Calotes mystaceus. Calotes potas Gray, Cat. p. 245, Calotes mystaceus, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 408 ; Blyth, in Kelaavt Prodr. Faun. Zeyl., App. p. 47; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 141. ? Calotes gigas, Blyth, Journ. As, Soe. Beng. xxii, 1853, p. 648. Upper head-scales smooth or feebly keeled, imbricate, scarcely enlarged on supraorbital region ; a few small spines on each side of the head above the tympanum; latter measuring at least half the diameter of the orbit. Gular sac small; gular scales feebly keeled, as large as dorsals. An oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Dorso- nuchal crest well developed in the male, composed of falciform spines directed backwards, the longest measuring the diameter of the orbit ; it gradually decreases in height on the back, being reduced to a mere denticulation on the sacrum. Forty-five to fifty-three scales round the middle of the body; dorsal scales keeled, nearly twice as large as ventrals, all directed upwards and backwards ; ventral scales strongly keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the tympanum or the pos- terior border of the orbit; fourth finger slightly longer than third. Tail a little compressed, at the base with a slightly serrated upper ridge. Olive above, frequently with large transverse red spots on the back ; lips yellowish. Total length: 3.5623 s40 380 millim TIGRE Pic ks oe reas 5 a Width of head ....26 5. Zo. OGY cine by ee gs ale So C= Foredtimp c.f eees ees Bt 43 Drath 1) 2 A es, ae ee oe 250: 4, Arrakan ; Pegu; Tenasserim ; Siam; Nicobars; Ceylon. a-c. 6 Q. Pegu. W. Theobald, Esq. [P.]. dao. Birma. Lieut. R. C. Beavan (Pil; roe Camboja. M. Mouhot [ LOE a Di India, Prof. Oldham | P.]. 12. Calotes grandisquamis. Calotes grandisquamis, Giinth. Proc. Zool, Soc. 1875, p. 226, pl. xxx. Upper head-scales smooth or very feebly keeled, imbricate, enlarged on supraorbital region ; three or four small spines above the tym- panum ; latter measuring half the diameter of the orbit. A gular pouch ; lateral gular scales larger than ventrals, smooth. A short oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Dorso-nuchal crest formed of large lanceolate spines, the longest of which (in the male) equals the diameter of the orbit, gradually decreasing in height on the back ; in the female the dorsal crest is reduced to a very feebly serrated ridge. Twenty-nine tothirty-five scales round the middle of the body ; dorsal scales nearly four times as large as ventrals, smooth, pointing 326 AGAMID. backwards and upwards ; ventral scales strongly keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the tympanum or slightly beyond ; third and fourth fingers equal. Tail compressed. Green, uniform, or with broad black transverse bands on the back ; in one of the specimens each scale within the black bands with a central orange-coloured spot. Total lengtan ar Width of head ........ al BODY ois Hoes soem 0s duet 59 =(«y, Fore TAD: < saccskss teks AT Elin Pama ec oe reek wie ee as Daal. escaeet oh ceases Meck IM os: Central India. a, b-c, d, e-t. 3,2, Godavery Valley. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. & her. k-m. 5b 2 Jeypore. Col. Beddome [C. }. np. 3, 2, & hgr. Near Ranchi, Nagpur. W. T. Blanford, Ksq. [C.]. 3. Charasia ornata. Brachyura ornata, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxv. 1856, p. 448; Stoliczka, Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1872, p. 77; Cockburn, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. li. 1882, p. 50. Habit stout; head short and convex. Upper head-scales sub- equal, tubercular, obtusely keeled; two small spines surrounded by still smaller ones on each side of the back of the head, above the tympanum ; latter not quite as large as the eye-opening. Gular fold not well marked; gular scales larger than ventrals, feebly keeled. Fifty-seven scales round the middle of the body. Dorsal scales much larger than ventrals, rhomboidal, imbricate, keeled, the keels converging obliquely towards the vertebral line ; ventral scales feebly keeled. Nuchal and dorsal crests not continuous, reduced to a mere serrated ridge. Limbs, and especially digits, rather short ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the neck ; scales on the limbs much smaller than those on the back. Tail round, not quite as long as head and body, covered with equal, strongly keeled scales. Pale brown above, with three rows of darker, light-edged spots on the back, the median row most distinct and formed of rhomboidal spots ; limbs and tail with dark cross bars. Total TOngun: o650 4h 94 millim. TT, SE Rese ere 1G: <2 Width of head ........ 13 <4, BO sso tp ees es 34. Ci, OS. ON set tact eaten 2: ar Pa UM sis sack ead $2) +3 MEL cc cues eae ca ee 46.55; Central and Northern India. a. Figr. Cuteh, F. Stoliezka [C.]. 19. AGAMA. Agama, part., Daud. Hist. Rept. iii. p. 333; Cuvier, Regne An. ii. p. 83; Merr. Tent. Syst. Amph. p. 50; Fitzing. Neue Classif. Rept. p. 17; Dum. & Bibr. Erp. Gén. iv. p. 481. 19. AGAMA. 335 Stellio, part., Daud. l. c. iv. p.5; Cuv. lc. p. 31; Fitz. le. Trapelus, Cuvier, /.c. p. 35; Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 614; Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 144; Gray, Cat, Iiz. p. 258. Tapaya, Fitzing, 1. ¢. Stellio, Wagl. 1.c. p. 145; Dum. § Bibr. l. ce. p. 526; Gray, L. c. . 254. Pieracieia Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 80. Podorrhoa, p. 80. Pseudotrapelus, p. 81. Planodes, p. 81. Trapeloides, p. 81. Psammorrhoa, p. 81. Eremioplanis, p. 82. Acanthocercus, p. 84. Laudakia, Gray, 1. c. p. 254. Agama, Gray, l.c. p. 256; Peters, Reise n. Mossamb, iii. p. 38. Plocederma, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxiii. 1854, p. 737. Barycephalus, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1860, p. 150. Tympanum distinct. Body more or less depressed. Dorsal crest absent or feebly developed. A pit on each side of the throat and a transverse gular fold. Gular sac present or absent. ‘Tail round or feebly compressed. No femoral pores; males with callose praanal scales. Africa ; Southern Asia; South-eastern Europe. Synopsis of the Species. I. Occipital scale not enlarged; caudal scales not forming annuli. A. Third toe the longest; two much enlarged scales at the base of the claws. Median dorsal scales smooth, or nearly so, - not larger than the ventrals.......... 1. mutabilis, p. 338. Median dorsal scales keeled, larger than Rabe FORMERS Sons. bos fae oe A aS to 2. sinacta, p. 339. B. Fourth toe the longest. 1. Dorsal scales equal. a. Ear-opening larger than the eye- opening ; third and fourth toes nearly equally long, ........ 3. hartmanni, p. 340. 6. Ear-opening not larger than the eye-opening. a. Tail compressed ; ventral scales strongly keeled .......... 4. tournevillit, p. 340. B. Tail rounded. * Dorsal scales much larger than the ventrals. Nostril pierced just below the canthus rostralis; tibia as long as the skull (to occiput) ; ventral scales smooth or nearly OB or oe eas ip aaa ae 5. agilis, p. 341. 336 AGAMID&. Nostril pierced just above the canthus rostralis ; tibia a little longer than the skull; ventral scales feebly keeled (or WIQOOUIE ies o's chats oe aa a ais va bee he 6. isolepis, p. 342. Nostril pierced just above the canthus rostralis ; dorsal scales spinose, ventrals [p. 343. Birney KOC 6.5 yi sn ecwis Bars 7. sanguinolenta, ** Dorsal scales scarcely larger than ventrals; latter smooth. 8. latastii, p. 344. 2. Dorsal scales unequal. a. Scales on the upper surface of the hind limb equal or nearly so. a. Claws of the fingers not much larger than those of the toes. * Males with a large gular pouch; on the middle of the back the larger scales are not twice as large as the smaller. Dorsal scales strongly keeled .......... 10. persica, p. 345. Dorsal scales feebly keeled ............ 11. leucostigma, p. 346. ** Males without a large gular pouch. Dorsal scales irregular ................ 9. emermis, p. 344. Dorsal scales small, equal, intermixed with CNIGIR Od ODOM cool ee taal owes 12. rubrigularis, p.346. B. Claws of the fingers much larger than those of the toes 13. megalonyx, p. 347. b. Scales of the upper surface of the hind limb intermixed with strongly enlarged ones. Nostril pierced just below the canthus ros- tralis; all the dorsal scales more or less ANIRRCUIY ROCIO gages ne trea nog ee os 14. ruderata, p. 348. Nostril pierced just above the canthus ros- tralis; the smaller dorsal scales smooth or indistinctly keeled................ 15. pallida, p. 348. II. Occipital scale enlarged §. A. Dorsal scales unequal. 1. Fifth toe not extending as far as first; ear-opening smaller than the eye-opening. Third toe the longest ; ventral scales keeled 16. hispida, p. 349. Fourth toe slightly longer than third ; GRIT AUT BEMNOR ware fn a sa sks 0b bs a 17. brachyura, p. 350. § Slightly in A. atra. 18 *h6s00, 337° 2. Fifth toe extending as far as first ; ear-opening larger than the eye-opening. Third toe slightly longer than fourth; ventral scales smooth................ 18. aculeata, p. 351. Third toe slightly longer than fourth; WORCPOIN ROO 6 ass ceie hae hates oS 19. armata, p. 352. Fourth toe slightly longer than third; PERC MOOD 95 sis si esses yee a Re 20. atra, p. 352. B. Dorsal scales equal. 1. A slight denticulation or crest on the vertebral line. Dorsal scales considerably larger than ven- RAINS ot Gin ae aN ee Ne te 21. mossambica, p. 353. Dorsal scales scarcely larger than ventrals. 22. kirkit, p. 354. 2. No dorsal denticulation or crest. a. Body moderately depressed ; dorsal scales mucronate. a. The longest spines near the ear and on the sides of the neck at least two thirds as long as the diameter of the ear-opening. Dorsal scales much smaller than the caudals, 40 to 50 from the origin of the fore limbs to the origin of the hind limbs,....... 23. spinosa, p. 355. Dorsal scales nearly as large as the caudals, 26 or 27 from the origin of the fore limbs to the origin of the hind limbs........ 24. rueppelliz, p. 355. 3. The longest spines near the ear and on the sides of the neck not two thirds the diameter of the ear-opening. Four jor five labials anterior to the front border of the eye; fourth toe as long as the distance from the posterior border of the eye to the end of the snout.. ..... 25. colonorum, p. 356. Seven or eight labials anterior to the front border of the eye; fourth toe as long as the distance from the posterior border of ; the eye to the nostril .............. 26. bibronit, p. 357. b. Body much depressed; dorsal scales not or but very slightly MUCIONALE 4G). Sa. 2 fe eke as 27. planiceps, p. 358. III. Occipital scale not enlarged; caudal scales forming more or less distinct annuli; ventral scales smooth; digits compressed. A. The caudal segments, if at all distinct, composed of more than two whorls of scales, 1. Scales on the vertebral region unequal, irregular. Nostril pierced on the canthus rostralis .. 28. atricollis, p. 358. Nostril pierced below the canthus rostralis 29. cyanogaster, p. 359. Z 338 AGAMID 2. 2. Scales on the vertebral region equal, or forming longitu- dinal series. a. Ventral scales not much smaller than the largest dorsals. a. Nostril pierced on the canthus rostralis ; tail compressed .. 30. annectens, p. 360. B. Nostril pierced below the canthus rostralis ; tail not compressed, The largest caudal scales scarcely larger than the largest dorsals.............. 31. stoliczkana, p. 360. Dorsal scales keeled; upper head-scales smooth or feebly keeled.............. 32. tuberculata, p. 361. Dorsal scales keeled; upper head-scales BNAUDIV ROCIOG, a5. 28d 4 Soe e gis 6 5 33. dayana, p. 362. Dorsal scales smooth or very feebly keeled 34. himalayana, p.362. b. Ventral scales not more than half the size of the largest dorsals. Upper head-scales keeled; dorsal scales sharply keeled; flanks with enlarged ION ae rashid fs terior alas sl rere ata rears 35. agrorensis, p. 363. Median dorsal scales of unequal width, forming regular longitudinal series .... 36. melanura, p. 363. Median dorsal scales equal, forming regular longitudinal series; no enlarged scales OE AO ODE 0s aia oe 5 wien aie sos 37. lirata, p. 364, Dorsal scales large, equal, mucronate, the keels forming oblique lines .......... 38. nupta, p. 365. B. Tail divided into distinct segments, each composed of two whorls of scales. Scales on upper surface of tail not larger than those on upper surface of tibia ; more than 200 scales round the middle of the body; gular scales smooth.... .. 39. microlepis, p. 366. Scales on upper surface of tail not larger than those on upper surface of tibia ; not more than 160 scales round the middle of the body; gular scales smooth........ 40. caucasica, p. 367. Scales on upper surface of tail larger than those on the tibia, strongly spinose ; gular scales strongly keeled .......... 41. stellio, p. 368. 1. Agama mutabilis. Trapelus sinaitus (non Heyd.), Gray, p. 259. Geoffroy, Deser, Egypte, p. 127, pl. v. figs. 3, 4. Agama mutabilis, Merr. Tent. p. 50. Trapelus mutabilis, Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 617. Agama arenaria, Heyden, in Riipp. Atlas N. Afr., Rept. p. 12. Eremioplanis egyptiaca, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 82. 19. AGAMA. 339 Head convex, subcordiform. Nostril tubular, turned upwards and backwards, pierced on the canthus rostralis in a convex nasal. Upper head-scales smooth; occipital not enlarged; a spine-like scale in front of the ear, but no others on the head ; ear entirely exposed, quite as large as the eye-opening; male without gular pouch. Body rounded, a little depressed; dorsal scales very small, juxtaposed or subimbricate, equal, smooth or feebly keeled, and not larger than the ventrals, which are smooth. Limbs long and thin, digits short; tibia longer than the skull; third finger longer than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second; third toe a little longer than fourth, fifth extending as far as first. Tail more than twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, compressed, covered with keeled scales which are much larger than those on the body. Males with a row of six large anal pores. Colour very variable ; head sometimes blue. Total length .......... 239 millim LC eee eae encase 7 fader Width of head ........ Ss ar TON aidiste subg sstaa aces OF ca, FOPS OID: es tiurnce a0 4 rr hha 0s ho evan gr Sl 4 i bd Ee eee ae 145, Egypt. a-b,c. 3. Egypt. J. Burton, Esq. [P.]. 2. Agama sinaita. Agama sinaita, Heyden, in Riipp. Atlas N. Afr., Rept. p. 10, ‘pl. iii. ; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 509. Podorrboa (Pseudotrapelus) sinaita, Ftzing. Syst. Rept. p. 81. Trapelus sinaita, Giinth, Proc. Zool, Soc. 1864, p. 489; Tristr. Faun. Palest, pl. xvi. fig. 3. Head convex, subcordiform. Nostril tubular, turned upwards and backwards, pierced on the canthus rostralis in a convex nasal. Upper head-scales smooth; occipital not enlarged; a small spine- like scale in front of the ear, but no others on the hinder part of the head ; ear entirely exposed, larger than the eye-opening; male without gular pouch. Body rounded, moderately depressed ; dorsal scales small, equal, rhomboidal, imbricate, keeled; lateral and ventral scales very small, smooth. Limbs very long and thin; digits short ; tibia much longer than the skull; third finger longer than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second; third toe longer than fourth, fifth extending as far as or a little further than first. Tail more than twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, compressed, covered with keeled scales which are larger than the dorsals. Males with a row of four to eight large anal pores. Olive or grey above, with a few more or less distinct dark cross bands ; head blue; collar-pit black ; belly dirty white. z2 340, AGAMIDZ. Potal Length, 6... <0 <% 223 millim. FLORA 6 645 oe hr 5 ke are Width of head v.64 05. ZL “ss BODY. ck hort asad O4> 35 OPO FIND! you 5 Gos clys ets 50) Ss. TAIN FNAD. 55 5.4 is estas So if ees WAS pos gate ox ar eee 135; North Arabia; Syria. a-b. 9 & hgr. Mount Sinai. cd. Sinaitic Peninsula. H. C. Hart, Esq. [C.]. d. 3. Dead Sea. Canon Tristram [C.]. 3. Agama hartmanni. Agama hartmanni, Peters, Mon. Berl, Ac. 1869, p. 65. General proportions and scaling as in A. agilis and isolepis, 4. €. with equal keeled dorsal scales and moderately long limbs. The tympanum much larger, entirely exposed. Third and fourth toes nearly equal in length. Ventral scales quite smooth. Olive- brown above, with a yellow vertebral line from occiput to base of tail, irregular small dark-brown spots on the back, and on each of the sides two rather indistinct rows of large yellow, black-edged spots; lower surfaces ochraceous. Dongola. 4. Agama tournevillii. Agama tournevillei, Lataste, Le Naturaliste, 1880, p. 325. Habit rather slender. Head oval, snout sloping gradually. Nostril not tubular, directed upwards and backwards, pierced on the canthus rostralis in the posterior part of a small flat nasal. Upper head-scales convex ; occipital not enlarged ; no spinose scales; a very slight fringe of pointed scales on the upper border of the ear, which is smaller than the eye-opening; male with a large gular pouch. Body round, not at all depressed, covered above with rhom- boidal, imbricate, strongly keeled, not mucronate scales; lateral and ventral scales a little smaller, strongly keeled. Limbs rather slender; tibia a little shorter than the skull (to occiput); third finger slightly shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second; third toe much shorter than fourth, fifth not extending quite as far as first. Tail twice and a half as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, distinctly compressed, covered with keeled scales. Male with a row of anal pores. Sandy-coloured above; a transverse brown band between the eyes, two longitudinal ones from the occiput along the nape, and two others on each side of the head ; back with regular longitudinal series of quadrangular trans- verse brown spots separated by rather indistinct longitudinal light lines; these spots form annuli on the tail; lower surfaces whitish ; the gular pouch grey. 19. AGAMA. 341 Total length .......... 256 millim MINE Pe ere diated ate >, Width of head ........ a WOO. is Orvis 6 eas a rs POLO TURD ao asare elke 45 , ane limb... 2.0... es: fame 2 Ee ae oe irri ee ae 562. Algerian Desert. aod. Sahara. 5. Agama agilis. Agama agilis, Gray, Cat. p. 257. Agama agilis, Olivier, Voy. Emp. Ottoman, ii. p. 488, pl. xxix. fig. 2; Dum. & Bibr, iv. p. 496. Podorrhoa (Planodes) agilis, part., Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 81. Agama agilis, part., Blanf. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 672. Head moderate, convex, subcordiform. Nostril not tubular, lateral, pierced just below the canthus rostralis in the posterior part of a flat nasal. Upper head-scales convex, smooth; occipital not enlarged; a few short spines on the post-temporal region, and two or three on the upper edge of the ear, which is not larger than the eye-opening, and exposed; males with a very slight indication of a gular pouch. Body roundish, moderately depressed, covered above with equal, rhomboidal, imbricate, feebly keeled, shortly mucronate scales; lateral and ventral scales much smaller, smooth, or indistinctly keeled. Limbs moderate; tibia as long as the skull (to occiput); third finger slightly shorter than fourth, fifth not ‘extending as far as second; third toe much shorter than fourth, fifth not extending quite as far as first. Tail about once and three fourths as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, covered with keeled scales. Male with a single or double row of anal pores. Sandy-coloured above, with more or less distinct broad transverse dark bars, enclosing an elongate narrow lighter spot on the vertebral line; the collar-pit blackish; lower surfaces cream- coloured ; the male’s throat lined with brown. Total length: .assde sx 200 millim. TODA oe. 5 ive orate he adnan ys ee Width of head ........ >| BOdyaveecssaicn ss ees aa More DIM eee fae ees 43, ,, Wind Pm. sence Shs G3 5, WAU” Seances pienese: EO. 3. Bagdad; Southern Persia. a. 9. Kazeroon, 8. Persia. be. SQ. Abadeh, 8S. Persia. 342 AGAMID2,’ 6. Agama isolepis. Agama agilis, (non Oliv.) Aud. Desc. Egypte, Rept. Suppl. p. 169, pl. i. fig. 5; Anders. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 884; Blanf. E. Pers. p. 314, and Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xiv. 1876, p. 22, and xlviii. 1879, p-. 129; Murray, Zool. Sind, p. 371. savignii, (non Aud.) Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 508; Peters, Mon, Berl. Ac. 1869, p. 66. Phrynopsis savignyi, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 80. Trapelus, sp., Jerdon, Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 78. —~ megalonyx, (nen Gthr.) Stoliczka, Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1872, p. 128; Murray, 1. c. p. 870. Agama agilis, part., Blanf. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 672. Head moderate, convex, subcordiform. Nostril not tubular, superior, pierced just above the canthus rostralis in the posterior part of a flat nasal. Upper head-scales convex, smooth or feebly keeled ; occipital not enlarged ; generally a few short spines on the post-temporal region and a few on the upper edge of the ear, which is exposed and not larger than the eye-opening ; males with a small gular pouch. Body roundish, moderately depressed, covered above with equal, rhomboidal, imbricate, keeled, more or less distinctly mucronate scales ; lateral and ventral scales much smaller, feebly keeled, exceptionally smooth. Limbs moderate; tibia a little longer than the skull (to occiput) ; third finger shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second; third toe much shorter than fourth, fifth not extending quite as far as first. Tail twice and one fourth to twice and two thirds as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, covered with keeled scales. Male with a single or double row of anal pores. Sandy grey or brown above, with or without dark transverse bands and light rhomboidal vertebral spots; the collar-pit blackish ; lower surfaces white, often with dark longitudinal lines more or less distinctly marked ; males during the breeding-season with the sides of the body and the throat deep blue. Total length .......... 280 millim TEAR aes oh.4 ole Kee eae ae ag Width of head ........ ps ae BE 5s ie here apteush’s (Sane Pre ae Ae a sare 55s BS 55 SOE DMD 65-6 2c as be 1 %, BMAD. Sodus cia eve Se ih: = From Egypt to Sind. a-c. 6 & yg. S. Persia. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. d-f. 39. Dehbid, north of Shiraz. g-t. 29 & yg. _— Persia. Gen. Goldsmid [P.]. ko Near Rigan, Narmashir, W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. S.E. Persia. A Between Magas and Bam- W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. ur, Baluchistan. m-o. d & yg. Isfandak, Baluchistan. W. T. Blanford, Esq. fet p-q Q & ber. Rahu Kalat, Baluchistan. |W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. 19. agama. 343 #. L% Mand, Baluchistan. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. a Xi Sind. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C. ]. t. Yg. Sind. W. T. Blanford, Esq. | C. |. wu, Her, Alpine Punjab. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. 7. Agama sanguinolenta. Trapelus ? sanguinolentus, Gray, Cat. p. 259. Lacerta sanguinolenta, Pall. Zoogr. Ross.-As. iii. p. 23. Agama aralensis, Lichstenst. in Eversm. Meise, p. 144, and Verz. Doubl. Mus. Berl. p. 101; Eichw. Zool. Spec. iii. p. 185. oxiana, Eichw. l. ¢. Trapelus aralensis, Eversm. Nouv. Mém, Ac. Mose. iii. p. 366. sanguinolentus, Lichw. Faun. Casp. Cauc. p. 89, pl. xiv. figs, 3, 4. Podorrhoa (Trapeloidis) sanguinolenta, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 81. Agama sanguinolenta, A. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 102, and Arch, Mus. viii. p. 576; Schreib. Herp. Eur. p. 466. — agilis, part., Blanf. Proc. Zool. Soc, 1881, p. 674. Head moderate, convex, subcordiform. Nostril not tubular, lateral, pierced just below the canthus rostralis in the posterior part of a flat nasal. Upper head-scales convex ; occipital not en- larged; a few spine-like scales on the post-temporal region; ear- opening as large as the eye-opening, partly concealed by a strong fringe of spinose scales superiorly ; males with a very small gular pouch. Body roundish, moderately depressed, covered above with equal, rhomboidal, imbricate, very strongly keeled scales, ending in a strong, spinose, raised mucro; lateral and ventral scales much smaller, distinctly keeled. Limbs moderate; tibia nearly as long as the skull (to occiput); third finger a little shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second; third toe much shorter than fourth, fifth not extending quite as far as first. Tail a little more than twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, covered with strongly keeled scales. Males with a double or triple row of anal pores. Pale olive or sandy above, with or withont darker transverse bars interrupted by a light vertebral spot; lower surfaces paler, the throat dark blue in the breeding male, Fotal length ........0.. 282 millim. d 32. Vs Ine ene a 29 =, Width of head ........ Or sg DOOMe rep ary nak cee te Pore AM sows es ok 4G. 5, iat De che ai a hance (a LAL. Teak pees oo eles hy) Borders of the Caspian Sea; Central Asia; Turkestan. ad. Mangyschlak. St. Petersburg Museum [E. }. 2 o West Golodnaja, St. Petersburg Museum Het ¢, d, 3. Syr Darya. M. Severzow [C.,]. 344 AGAMID.E. 8. Agama latastii. Head short, convex, subcordiform. Nostril not tubular, superior, pierced in the posterior part of a flat nasal just above the canthus rostralis, Upper head-scales smooth ; occipital not enlarged ; no spinose scales on the back of the head ; a fringe of three or four pointed scales on the upper edge of the ear, which is smaller than the eye-opening. Body depressed, covered above with equal, rhom- boidal, imbricate, smooth or indistinctly keeled scales, the size of which scarcely exceeds that of the ventrals; latter smooth or indi- stinctly keeled. Limbs moderate; tibia slightly shorter than the skull (to occiput); third finger shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second; third toe much shorter than fourth, fifth not extending quite as far as first. Tail not quite twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, covered with equal keeled scales. Back with four pairs of large quadrangular dark spots. Total length .........% 161 millim ICBO oleic vee aa otek kh ae Width of head ........ TT se OU hid Wiese De staan’ OG. 4, Pare WI: gael sas wes OG. <,; Pan RNG: 65:35 5.4 2 5k 50) is 4! Radice taedrer sre ARES jin ee Egypt. a. 9. Egypt. Sir J. Wilkinson [P.]. 9. Agama inermis, Trapelus savignii, (non D. §& B.) Gray, Cat. p. 258. P Agama deserti, Lechtenst. Verz. Doubl. Mus. Berl. p- 101. Agama inermis, Reuss, Mus. Senck. p. 33. agilis, (non, Oliv.) Strauch, Erp, Alg. p. 28. - —— mutabilis, (non Merr.) Lataste, Le Nat. 1880, p. 325. Head short, convex, subcordiform. Nostril not tubular, directed upwards and backwards, pierced on the canthus rostralis in the posterior part of a flat nasal. Upper head-scales convex, smooth, or very slightly keeled; occipital not enlarged; a few scattered small spinose scales on the back of the head; a fringe of small spinose scales on the upper edge of the ear, which is smaller than the eye-opening ; male without, or with only an indication of, a gular pouch. Body depressed, covered above with unequal, rhom- boidal, imbricate, keeled, more or less distinctly mucronate scales ; ventral scales smooth or indistinctly keeled. Limbs moderate; tibia as long as, or a little shorter than, the skull (to occiput); third finger shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second ; third toe much shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as first. Tail about twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, covered with equal keeled scales. Males with a double row of anal pores. Grey-brown or sandy-coloured above, , 19. AGAMA. 345 with more or less distinct quadrangular brown or reddish spots arranged symmetrically on the back ; sometimes some of the larger scales lighter ; lower surfaces dirty white ; the breeding male’s throat with blue longitudinal lines. VASA ORBt .o.6 5 oe. oes 197 millim. (A arene rire ere rae Width of head ........ ca See BHAT. svete is cw oh eke 3 ane eee WDD: i rag cee a 3 as ra Mae PETE IM ca aos ot eee 56 5, 2 tS Ere Wyn Ee ah ee Egypt to Algeria. . a-b, 3. Egypt. J. Burton, Esq. [P.]. e-d. 3 Q. Tunis. Mr. Fraser ray 10. Agama persica. Agama persica, Blanf. Proc. Zuol, Soc. 1881, p. 674, pl. lix. Head moderate, convex, subcordiform. Nostril not tubular, directed upwards and backwards, pierced on the canthus rostralis in the posterior part of a flat nasal. Upper head-scales all more or less distinctly keeled ; occipital not enlarged; a few short spines on the post-temporal region, and a few on the upper edge of the ear, which is exposed and not larger than the eye-opening ; males with a large gular pouch. Body roundish, moderately depressed, covered above with unequal, rhomboidal, imbricate, keeled, shortly mucronate scales, the largest not being twice as large as the smallest ; lateral and ventral scales smaller, more or less distinctly keeled. Limbs moderate; tibia nearly as long as the skull (to occiput); third finger shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second; third toe much shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as first. Tail once and three fourths to twice and a half as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, covered with equal keeled scales. Males with a double row of anal pores. Grey-brown or sandy-coloured above, with more or less distinct regular series of large quadrangular dark spots on the back, and dark annuli on the tail; some of the enlarged scales frequently white; the collar-pit black ; lower surfaces whitish; the breeding male’s throat dark blue. Total length 2. i846. 03% 240 millim. LGD oasis aise tanta a 23°. ss Width of head. ci... 20 3 Lc ce ee Re are 7 MORGANS? gone gaa sec es 45 ,, SAAN, SAU is ale coca nose Cf ee a Sos anuitcted ce. cess 147 ,, Persia ; Euphrates. a~d. 3, 9, & hgr. Dehbid, Persia. e. Her. Kazeroon, Persia. (Types.) fu B« Euphrates Expedition. 346 AGAMID 2%. 11. Agama leucostigma. Agama leucostygma, Reuss, Mus, Senck. p. 44. Trapelus flavimaculatus, Riippell, N. Wirbelth. Faun, Abyss., Rept. p. 12, pl. vi. fig. 1. Head short, very convex. Nostril not tubular, superior, pierced in the posterior part of a flat nasal above the canthus rostralis. Upper head-scales smooth; occipital not enlarged; no distinct spines on the hinder part of the head; a denticulation formed by three pointed scales on the upper edge of the ear, which is not larger than the eye-opening. [Males with a large gular pouch. | Body depressed, covered above with unequal, rhomboidal, imbricate, feebly keeled, not mucronate scales, the largest of which are not twice as large as the smallest ; ventral scales smaller, feebly keeled. Limbs moderate ; tibia shorter than the skull (to occiput); digits short ; third finger shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second ; third toe shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as first. ‘Tail nearly twice as long as the distance between gular fold and vent, rounded, covered with equal, keeled scales, Sandy-coloured above, the back with five dark transverse bars each enclosing a light vertebral elongate rhomboidal spot; lower surfaces white, throat with brown lines. Total length .......... 186 millim. TROBE 2.5 55 5s u,b ae a i OF Aaa Whith of head <..,........ 16°, DOLLY sca con array aalsS 43 =, POPE MM, f2ss0 94 ake 32 (Cy, Find: BOB ss sacs ss can 75 aes SE Ge ee eee (\: eee Arabia; Egypt. a. Hgr. Arabia. 12. Agama rubrigularis. Trapelus rubrigularis, Blanf. Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1875, p. 233, and Journ, As. Soc. Beng. xly. 1876, p. 23, pl. i. fig. 1; Murray, Zool. Sind, p. 371. Head short, convex, subcordiform. Nostril not tubular, pierced in the posterior part of a slightly swollen nasal just above the canthus rostralis. Upper head-scales keeled ; occipital not enlarged ; no distinct spines on the hinder part of the head; a very slight fringe of pointed scales on the upper edge of the ear, which is hardly as large as the eye-opening. Male without gular pouch. Body depressed, covered above with small rhomboidal, imbricate, smooth scales intermixed with much larger, flat, feebly keeled ones forming more or less irregular transverse series; no enlarged scales on the limbs ; ventral scales smooth. Limbs moderate ; tibia not quite as long as the skull (to occiput); third finger shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second ; third toe much shorter than fourth, 19. AGAMA. 347 fifth not extending as faras first. Tail once and two thirds to once and three fourths as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, rather depressed at the base, covered with keeled scales. Male with a row of anal pores. ‘ Colour olive-brown to grey, spotted with pale yellow, each enlarged scale of the back being in the middle of a pale spot; a dusky longitudinal line on each side of the neck and three or four pairs of dark spots on the back; a bright red patch beneath the throat in living specimens of both sexes.” OOtAR GIP 3.4 sca ees 175 millim. TERRY 55: beatpohi wae 29-ge es QO ss Width of head ........ I? ss BUSY 6d sids3 4258 Gases ears Sis OD 43 ROOTS FTN os aos KS @ 9 7 eee PERG IMD 6 i ciisias ne owe Bat: 3 TING aise 5.) vce handce soemies 05: , Sind; Baluchistan; Persia. a-b. 5 &K yg. Upper Sind. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. (Types.) 13. Agama megalonyx. Trapelus megalonyx, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 159, pl. xiv. fig. C. Head short, convex, subcordiform. Nostril not tubular, superior, pierced in the posterior part of a small flat nasal just above the canthus rostralis. Upperhead-scales keeled ; occipital not enlarged ; no distinct spines on the hinder part of the head; a feeble fringe of pointed scales on the upper edge of the ear, which is smaller than the eye-opening. Body depressed, covered above with unequal rhomboidal imbricate scales, the smaller being smooth or indistinctly keeled, the larger being more than twice as large and distinctly keeled; ventral scales smooth. Limbs moderate, the fore pair -relatively more developed and armed with very long claws; tibia as long as the skull (to occiput); third finger shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as. second; third toe much shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as first. Tail not quite twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, covered with equal keeled scales. Greyish above, with darker transverse bands on the back, and a vertebral series of dark-edged light spots; a dark longitudinal band on each side of the neck; collar-pit black ; lower surfaces whitish. Total length 10 «ono e8 + 140 millim. PCR Le hr caine IS:. 4 Width of head ........ UG ce BOOy hi arene hats ata 47 4 Fore ING) 4.44959 avn oO: ys PH MDS. o.9 374-0 a0 46 ,, WAU eck Foye Meek ans waters Nes ia Afghanistan ? a Q. Afghanistan ? Dr. Griffith [C.]. (Type.) 348 AGAMID 2, 14. Agama ruderata. Agama ruderata, Olivier, Voy. Emp. Ottom. ii. p. 429, pl. xxix. fig. 3. loricata, Reuss, Mus. Senckenb. p. 40. mutabilis, part., Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 505. Eremioplanis td fe Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 82. Agama lessone, De Filippi, Viag. Pers. p. 353. : Trapelus ruderatus, Anders. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 384; Blanf. E. Persia, p. 315; Murray, Zool. Sind, p. 370. Head short and very convex. Nostril not tubular, lateral, pierced in the posterior part of a small nasal just below the canthus rostralis. Upper head-scales keeled or striated; occipital not enlarged; no regular spines on the back of the head; a small denticulation partly covering the ear, which is smaller than the eye-opening. . Males without gular pouch. Body short, depressed, covered above with small, irregular, more or less distinctly keeled, imbricate scales, inter- mixed with scattered large, nail-like, pointed keeled scales ; ventral scales smooth. Limbs moderate, with heterogeneous scales; tibia as long as the skull (to occiput); third finger a little shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second ; third toe much shorter than fourth. Tail once and a half to twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, with strongly keeled scales inter- mixed with enlarged ones at the base. Males with a double row of anal pores. Greyish or sandy-coloured above, variegated with darker or with dark spots arranged in pairs along the back; tail with dark cross bars; lower surfaces whitish, the male’s throat variegated with bluish grey. Total length ....,..... 167 millim i: FO OS ea a ara 10 Width of head ........ ae BOIS Hs ec ie sack eens ao.” 2. POre PMV as oss 4a cece Oe, a PC Bea) a ee Bhe. a BM aN wit Mat sfesg whe 8 or Syria to Sind. a-b. $Q. Shiraz. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [O-} c. ds Road to Euphrates. C. G. Danford, Esq. [P.}. dad. 9. Between Baalbeck and Shtora. Dr. Anderson [P.}. 15. Agama pallida. Trapelus ruderatus, (non Oliv.) Gray, Cat. p. 258. Agama ruderata, (non Oliv ) Aud. Deser. Egypte, Rept. Suppl. p. 169, 1. i. fig. 6. rat pallida, Reuss, Mus, Senckenb. p. 38, pl. iii. fig. 5. —— nigrofasciata, Reuss, 1. c. p. 42. —— mutabilis, part., Dum. §& Bibr. iv. p. 505. Trapelus egyptius, Duvern. R. A., Rept. pl. xiv. fig. 2. —— mutabilis, (non Merr.) Blanf. E. Persia, p. 316. Head short, thick, very convex. Nostril not tubular, superior, 19. agama, 349 pierced in the posterior part of a slightly swollen nasal just above the canthus rostralis. Upper head-scales convex, smooth ; occipital not enlarged; no distinct spines on the hinder part of the head; a fringe of small pointed scales on the upper edge of the ear, which is hardly as large as the eye-opening. Male without gular pouch. Body short, depressed, covered above with small irregular, imbricate, smooth or indistinctly keeled scales intermixed with irregularly scattered much larger ones, each of which bears a short keel or spine ; limbs also with scattered enlarged scales; ventral scales smooth. Limbs moderate; tibia nearly as long as the skull (to occiput); third finger shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as second ; third toe much shorter than fourth, fifth not extending as far as first. Tail once and a half to twice as long as the distance from gular-fold to vent, rounded, with feebly keeled scales intermixed with enlarged ones at the base. Males with a double row of anal pores. Grey or sandy-coloured above, with paired dark markings, one on the neck and one in front of the sacrum being more constant ; tail with dark cross bars; the breeding male’s head bluish, and the throat with bluish-grey lines ; lower surfaces whitish. Total lengths 00556465 174 millim. HOG. hyde cicteincera 1) Width of head ........ it ae Ody ce SMa An ars 50°24 ores cs ike ea sy a Fong HOD) on seen Kes it ee yg eee reat ere arep Serr gs 104, Egypt; North Arabia. a-b. 2. Egypt. Sir J. Wilkinson [P.]. ed. SQ. Kgypt. ef. 9. Nile. Mr. Petherick Ma g-t. 6 & her. Cairo. Sir R. Owen [ + k. Hgr. Cairo. R. MacAndrew, Esq. [P.]. foe. Suez. R. MacAndrew, Esq. tt mo. Sinaitic Peninsula. H.C. Hart, Esq. [C.]. n—v. 3 & her. Mount Sinai. 16. Agama hispida. Agama hispida, Gray, Cat. p. 257. Lacerta hispida, Linn. Mus. Ad. Fred. p. 44, and S. N. (ed. 10) i. p. 205. price ners part., Linn. S. N. (ed. 12), i. p. 265. Agama aspera, part., Daud. Rept. iii. p. 402. orbicularis, part., Daud. 1. ¢. p. 406. gemmata, Daud. l. c. p. 402. Trapelus hispidus, Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 616, pl. vii. ; Gravenh. Nova Acta Ac. Leop. Carol. xvi. 1833, p. 917, pl. lxiv. figs. 1-8. Agama spinosa, (non Gray) Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 502, pl. xli, bis. fig. 2. hispida, part., Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac, 1870, p. 112. Head short, convex, subcordiform. Nostril not tubular, lateral, pierced just below the canthus rostralis in a convex nasal. Upper 350 AGAMID &. head-scales unequal, rough, keeled, or subconical ; furehead convex, with enlarged subconical scales ; occipital enlarged ; back of head with large conical spinose scales; ear-opening small, not quite as large as the eye-opening. Male without a regular gular pouch. Body depressed, covered with moderately large, imbricate, strongly keeled scales intermixed with strongly enlarged, spinose, raised ones ; a well-marked dorsal and nuchal crest ; ventral scales more or less strongly keeled and mucronate. Limbs moderate; tibia as long as the skull (to occiput); fingers short, third longest; toes short, third longer than fourth, fifth not extending as far as first. Tail once and one fourth to once and a half as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, covered with strongly keeled scales, the basal portion intermixed with enlarged spinose scales. Males with a row of anal pores. Brown or olive, spotted with darker ; lower surfaces dirty white, in the young with wide-meshed grey reticulation; throat of the breeding male blue. Total Jength .......... 187 millim. ERO) cs attiniey da ee tae 5 aes Width of head ........ DA igs BOON cts i's sts als ap Ci. MOLG ORD: 6 vy Canales 49 ,, Hind Wmb ssi. ccwh ees G2- Tail im. eo! sib (hie Ge pak akan 97 ” South Africa. a, b,c, d, e, f. Cape of Good Hope. Ad., stuffed. 0.8 Cape of Good Hope. Prof. Busk [P.]. h. Q. Cape of Good Hope. Sir E, Belcher [P.]. $C: Cape of Good Hope. Dr. Lea [E-t kg. Cape of Good Hope. — Townsend, Esq. [P.]}. l,m, n-o. Hgr.& Cape of Good Hope. p- en Africa. 17. Agama brachyura. (Prater XXVIII. fig. 1.) Head short, convex, subcordiform. WNostril not tubular, lateral, pierced just below the canthus rostralis in a convex nasal. Upper head-scales smooth ; forehead convex ; occipital enlarged; sides of head posteriorly and neck with small spines; ear-opening a little smaller than the eye-opening. Body depressed, covered with moderately large imbricate strongly keeled scales intermixed with strongly enlarged spinose ones; ventral scales smooth. Limbs moderate ; tibia as long as the skull (to occiput); fingers short, third longest ; fourth toe very slightly longer than third, fifth not extending as far as first. Tail shorter than head and body, a little longer than the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded, covered with strongly keeled scales. Olive-brown above, with a double series of large dark spots on the back, each pair separated on the 19, AGAMA. 851 vertebral line by a C-shaped whitish marking; lower surfaces whitish, with wide-meshed blackish network. Totel length ........% 134 millim. NMED goo 5 Saas wy.a'e ie sia Ra) Width of head ........ | ae ES CEL eee Oe “ai Ore IO Fs ee eon ae cas Bee BMY es iy es BO, ads Sana wees. GS. ,, South Africa. a, 9. Cape of Good Hope. Sir A. Smith [P.]. 18. Agama aculeata. Agama aculeata, Gray, Cat. p. 257. Agama aculeata, Merr. Tent. p. 53; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 499. Trapelus (Psammorrhoa) bibronii, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. v. 81. Agama hispida, part., Peters, Mon. Berl, Ac. 1870, p. 112. Head short, convex, subcordiform. Nostril slightly tubular, pierced on the canthus rostralis or just below, in a convex nasal. Upper head-scales smooth or feebly keeled; forehead slightly con- vex ; occipital enlarged ; sides of head posteriorly and neck with spinose scales; ear-opening larger than the eye-opening. Male without a regular gular pouch. Body depressed, covered with moderately large, imbricate, strongly keeled scales intermixed with strongly enlarged ones ; a feeble but very distinct dorsal and nuchal crest ; ventral scales perfectly smooth. Limbs moderate; tibia as long as the skull (to occiput); third finger very slightly longer than fourth ; fourth toe slightly longer than third, fifth extending as far as first. Tail nearly twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, rounded in the female, a little compressed in the male, covered with strongly keeled scales. Male with a row of preanal pores. Yellowish or olive-brown above, with a double series of large brown spots on the back ; lower surfaces whitish, the throat with longitudinal brown lines in the female, blackish blue in the breeding male. Total length .......3.. 252 millim POR Rade ose eae TG: hs oe ae ae Width of head 25 ,, ail ee? 150°2 BODY is entire h SS gs Morocco; Algeria; Tunis. * Described from Algerian specimens in M. Lataste’s collection. * 358 AGAMIDZ. 27. Agama planiceps. Agama planiceps, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1862, p. 15. Head small, much depressed. Nostril tubular, directed upwards Po gill pierced in the posterior part of a small nasal on the carithus rostralis. Upper head-scales smooth or feebly keeled ; occipital enlarged; sides of head near the ear, and neck, with groups of short spines; ear-opening large, entirely exposed, much larger than the eye-opening. Throat much plicate; no regular gular pouch. Body much depressed, covered above with moderate- sized, roundish, not or but very slightly mucronate, imbricate scales, with more or less strong keels converging towards the vertebral line ; these dorsal scales much smaller than the caudals, numbering fifty to sixty-five from the origin of the fore limbs to the origin of the hind limbs (counting on the vertebral line); a slight nuchal but no dorsal crest; ventral scales much smaller than the dorsals, smooth ; sixty-four to eighty-six scales round the middle of the body. Limbs long and strong, digits elongate; tibia longer than the skull (to occiput); third and fourth fingers equal; fourth toe slightly longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail about twice and a half as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, roundish in the female, compressed and keeled above in the male, covered with large strongly keeled scales forming rather distinct annuli. Male with a row of small pores. Olive-brown above, with or without yellow spots and bands; lower surfaces yellowish, darker in the male. Total length (tail broken) 239 millim. Body ...... 96 millim. SOR bh faa Panto ra Fore limb .. 63 ,, Width of head ........ y+, ar Hind limb.. 86 __,, South-west Africa. ad. Duque de Bragance, Angola. Prof. B. du Bocage [ P.}. Br. Carangigo. Dr. Welwitsch [C.]. c-d. 2 & her. Damara Land. ef. d & yg. —? Berlin Museum. 28. Agama atricollis. Agama atricollis, Smith, Ill. 8. Afr., Rept. App. p. 14. Stellio capensis, 4. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 106, and Arch. Mus. viii. p. 579. Head large (especially in the male, which has the cheeks strongly swollen), convex, with very prominent supraciliary ridges; nostril lateral, slightly tubular, pierced on the canthus rostralis; upper head-scales mostly feebly keeled; occipital not enlarged; small scattered spinose scales on the cheeks; ear exposed, larger than the eye-opening ; male without a regular gular pouch. Body moderately depressed ; dorsal scales small, rhomboidal, keeled, larger on the vertebral region, everywhere intermixed with enlarged, strongly keeled, pointed scales, which sometimes form longitudinal series on 19. AGAMA. 859 the vertebral region ; a slight nuchal denticulation ; a more or less marked curved fold from the neck to the middle of the side; ventral scales smooth. Limbs moderately elongate, with compressed digits ; the scales on the upper surface of the limbs irregular in size, keeled; third and fourth fingers nearly equal; fourth toe very slightly longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail very slightly compressed, about twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent ; the scales strongly keeled, and forming rather regular annuli, those on the upper surface much enlarged, with _denticulated edge. Male with a double row of anal pores. Olive or brown above, marbled or reticulated with blackish ; young with ><><-shaped black markings across the back ; a large black spot in front of the shoulder; lower surfaces lighter; throat with dark network, blue in the male. Total length .. 360 millim. Fore limb .... 70 millim. SAOAG S06 3-554) Cae! say Hind limb.... 95 ,, Width of head 37 _ ,, OLE ig iy isiciies 220 y, ROMO chon mpd, oo 102° 5, South Africa. a-c. 6, 9, & hgr. Natal. Sir A. Smith ie . (Types.) d-e. dQ. Natal. J. Ayres, Esq. [C.]. 2 & yg. Natal. ed ; — Lamo. Sir J. Kirk [P.]. are S.E. Africa. Sir J. Kirk [P.]. a Duque de Bragance, Prof. B. du Bocage [P.]. Angola. uo. 'S. Africa. J. H. Gurney, Esq. [P. ]. 29. Agama cyanogaster. Stellio cyanogaster, Gray, Cat. p. 255. P Agama gularis, Reuss, Mus. Senck. p. 36. Stellio cyanogaster, Riipp. N. Wirbelth. Faun. Abyss., Rept. p. 10, pl. v.; Dum. §& Bibr. iv. p. 532. Acanthocercus cyanogaster, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 84. Agama (Stellio) cyanogaster, Blanf. Zool. Abyss. p. 446. Head moderately depressed; nostril lateral, not tubular, below the. canthus rostralis; upper head-scales smooth; occipital not enlarged; small conical spinose scales on the sides of the head near the ear; latter exposed, larger than the eye-opening; throat strongly plicate, no gular pouch. Body depressed, with a distinct fold on each side of the back ; dorsal scales rather large, irregular, feebly keeled on the vertebral region, minute and intermixed with enlarged ones on the sides ; a series of small spinose scales on the dorsal folds; ventral scales smooth, smaller than the largest dorsals. Limbs moderately elongate, with compressed digits; the scales on the upper surface of the limbs irregular in size, keeled ; fourth finger very slightly longer than third; fourth toe very slightly longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail round, nearly 360 AGAMIDZ, twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent; the scales strongly keeled, shortly mucronate, forming regular annuli. Male with a patch of anal pores. Olive-brown above, spotted or reticu- lated with blackish; the vertebral region usually lighter ; lower surfaces whitish in the female, with bluish network on the throat, dark blue in the breeding male, Total length.. 265 millim. Fore limb .,..... 60 millim. PROG: bios Ba. pa. Hind limb...... So Width of head 29 ,, AAAS cncde foes 143—C,, BOA. cs cas 90 » Abyssinia ; Arabia. ao. Abyssinia. W. Jesse, Esq. [0.]. b-d. 2 & yg. Tigré, Abyssinia. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. 30. Agama annectens. Agama annectens, Blanf. Zool. Abyss. p. 446, fig. Head depressed; snout as long as the diameter of the orbit ; nostril lateral, slightly tubular, on the canthus rostralis. Upper head-scales smooth; occipital not enlarged; a few small spinose scales on the side of the head near the ear ; latter entirely exposed, much larger than the eye-opening. Throat much plicate;. no gular pouch. Body depressed ; dorsal scales small, rhomboidal, imbricate, very slightly keeied, largest on the vertebral region, very small on the sides; scattered small spines on the nuchal region; ventral scales perfectly smooth, nearly as large as the median dorsals. Limbs long and strong; digits compressed; fourth finger very slightly longer than third ; fourth toe alittle longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail compressed, covered with moderately large keeled scales forming annuli in front, but becoming gradually imbricate towards the tip. Male with a double row of preanal pores. Rufous-brown above, with small irregular blackish rings and a lighter vertebral band. Total length (tail broken) 285 millim. Body........ 102 millim. PORE AS} Gib bun .wws ses oo Fore limb.... VL 4, Width of head ........ | are Hindlimb.... 105 — ,, Abyssinia. a. 3. Sooroo Pass. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. (One of the types.) 31. Agama stoliczkana. Stellio stoliczkanus, Blanf. Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xliv. 1875, p. 191, _ and 2nd Yark, Miss., Rept. p. 3, pl. i. figs. 1, 2 Head depressed, its length considerably exceeding its breadth ; nostrils directed backwards, situated below the canthus rostralis, Upper head-scales smooth ; occipital not enlarged; some spinose scales round the tympanum ; groups of spinose scales scattered over the sides and back of the neck, the former being the larger. Throat 19. agama. 361 strongly plicate ; no gular pouch. Scales on the back of the neek granular, passing gradually into the bluntly keeled scales of the middle of the back ; these are considerably larger than the scales of the sides, being about twice as broad; latter distinctly keeled, with a few conspicuously larger scales scattered amongst them ; ventral scales smooth, about the same size as those of the middle of the back. Limbs long and strong, covered above with strongly keeled scales; digits as in the preceding. Tail rounded, covered with keeled scales ending in a short spine posteriorly, all in verticils, the largest scarcely larger than the largest dorsal scales. Males with two or three rows of anal pores. General colour pale yellowish, mixed with dusky black; chin and throat dusky, more or less mottled or speckled with pale yellow. Total length...... 374 millim. Fore limb...... 70 millim. From snout to vent 140 __,, Hind mb: :...... 100. Eastern Turkestan. 32. Agama tuberculata. Laudakia tuberculata, Gray, Cat. p. 254. Agama tuberculata, Gray, Zool. Journ. iii. 1828, p. 218, and Ll. Ind. Zool.; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 488. Podorrhoa tuberculata, Fitz. Syst. Rept. p. 80. Stellio indieus, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxii. 1853, p. 646. Barycephalus sykesii, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc, 1860, p. 150, pl. xxv. fig. A. Stellio tuberculatus, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 157 ; Steind. Novara, Rept. p. 22; Stoliezka, Journ, As. Soe. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 115, pl. iii. tig. 3. Head much depressed ; snout longer than the diameter of the orbit ; nostril lateral, below the canthus rostralis, slightly tubular. Upper head-scales smooth or feebly keeled; occipital not enlarged ; small closely set spinose scales on the sides of the head near the ear, and on the neck ; ear entirely exposed, larger than the eye-opening. Throat strongly plicate; no gular pouch. Body depressed, with a more or less distinct fold on each side of the back; scales on the neck and sides minute, almost granular, keeled, uniform or inter- mixed with scattered enlarged scales ; those on the vertebral region enlarged, equal, rhomboidal, imbricate, strongly keeled; a very slight indication of a nuchal denticulation ; ventral scales smooth, nearly as large as the enlarged dorsals. Limbs strong, with com- pressed digits ; the scales on the upper surface of the limbs strongly enlarged and very strongly keeled ; third and fourth fingers equal, or. fourth very slightly longer; fourth toe slightly longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail rounded, much depressed at the base, covered with moderate-sized strongly keeled scales arranged in rings; its length equals twice and a half to three times the distance from gular fold to vent. Males with a large patch of anal pores and a similar patch of pores on the middle of the belly. Olive-brown above, spotted or speckled with blackish, sometimes with small yellowish spots; the breeding male’s throat blue, with light spots ; sometimes a light vertebral bard. 362 AGAMIDZ. Total length.. 315 millim. Fore limb ...... 52 millim. Ut oe 7 ae Hind limb... ... yi Width of head 22 ,, DR Os ics seer 205 ,, BOOT baie cass SS. 5 Himalayas. a. 3. Bengal (?). Gen. Hardwicke [P.]. (Type. ee Gerkeat Messrs. v. Soblegintoeit he : (Types of e. 9. Simla. Messrs. v. Schlagintweit [C.]. } Baryceph. d. Her. Ladak. Messrs. v. Schlagintweit io sykesii. ) e-g. Yg. Tibet. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. h-k. 3 & her. Kashmere. T.C. Jerdon, Esq. Eee m. Marri W. T. Blanford, Bee a : ri. n-o,p. d & hgr. ——P 33. Agama dayana. Stellio dayanus, Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 118, pl. iii. fig. 4. Differs from A. tuberculata in having the head-scales sharply keeled, and the enlarged dorsal scales distinctly continuous, though considerably smaller, on the neck and up to the occiput. Hardwar, N. India. 34. Agama himalayana. Stellio himalayanus, Steind. Novara, Rept. p. 22, pl. i. tig. 8; Stoliczka, Journ. As, Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 113; Blanf. 2nd Yark. Miss., Rept. p. 3. . Head much depressed; snout slightly longer than the diameter of the orbit; nostril lateral, below the canthus rostralis, slightly tubular. Upper head-scales smooth; occipital not enlarged ; small closely set spinose scales on the head near the ear, and on the neck ; ear entirely exposed, larger than the eye-opening. Throat strongly plicate ; no gular pouch. Body depressed, with a more or less distinct fold on each side of the back; scales on the neck and sides small, smooth or very feebly keeled, uniform, those on the vertebral region enlarged, equal, roundish-hexagonal, imbricate, smooth or very feebly keeled ; ventral scales smooth, a little smaller than the enlarged dorsals. Limbs strong, with compressed digits ; the scales ' on the upper surface large and strongly keeled; fourth finger slightly longer than third; fourth toe considerably longer than third, the extremity of the claw of the latter not reaching the base of the claw of the former ; fifth toe extending beyond first. Tail rounded, much depressed at the base, covered with moderate-sized strongly keeled scales arranged in rings; its length equals twice and a half to three times the distance from gular fold to vent. Males with a double or triple row of anal pores. Olive above, marbled with black, and generally with round light spots pro- ducing a network ; sometimes the black spots forming a festooned band on each side of the vertebral line; the male’s throat marbled with blackish. 19. AGAMA. 363 Total length.. 212 millim. Fore limb ...... 40 millim. Head 054.0% (io ers Hind limb...... OS Width of head 17 _,, eal Ue kate. ws 134 —,, Body 1.2 & te: 59 Sy, Himalayas. | a-d. 8,9, & yg. Tibet. T. C. Jerdon, Esq. [P.]. e, Yg. Balti, Tibet. Messrs. v. Sildagiatwert [Cs 35. Agama agrorensis. Stellio agrorensis, Stolicztha, Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1872, p.. 126; Blanf. 2nd Yark. Miss., Rept. pl. 1. fig. 3. Head much depressed; snout longer than the diameter of the orbit ; nostril lateral, below the canthus rostralis. Upper head-scales keeled ; occipital not enlarged ; small spinose scales on the sides of the head near the ear, and on the neck ; ear entirely exposed, larger than the eye-opening. Throat strongly plicate; no gular pouch. Body depressed, with a slight fold on each side of the back ; scales on the neck and sides of the back very small, almost granular, keeled, those on the vertebral region and on the flanks enlarged, rhomboidal, imbricate, strongly keeled; a very slight indication of nuchal denticulation ; ventral scales smooth, much smaller than the enlarged dorsals. Limbs and tail as in A. tuherculata. Male with a patch of anal pores and a double longitudinal row of pores on the middle of the belly. Olive above, spotted with yellow (sometimes with dark and light longitudinal bands); the male’s throat reticu- lated with grey. From snout to vent 92 millim. Punjab and Kachmere. aod. Agror Valley. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. eae 36. Agama melanura. KGAA Laudakia (Plocederma) melanura, Blyth, Journ, As. Soc. Beng. xxiii. 1854, p. 737. tuberculata (xon Gray), Theob. Cat. Rept. As. Soc. Mus. 1868, . 38. Sthilio melanurus, Anders. Proc, As. Soc. Beng. 1871, p. 189; Stoliczka, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xli. 1872, p. 118, and ’ Proc. As. Soc. Beng. 1872, p. 129. Head depressed, triangular, as broad as long; snout as long as the diameter of the orbit; nostril lateral, just below the canthus rostralis, slightly tubular. Upper head-scales smooth; occipital not enlarged; a group of small spines in front of the ear, and other scattered ones below ; ear-opening twice as large as the eye-opening, Throat strongly plicate ; no gular pouch. Body depressed, with a slight fold on each side of the back; scales on the neck and sides very small, on the latter region mucronate and feebly keeled ; median dorsal scales enlarged, rhomboidal, imbricate, strongly 364 AGAMID A. keeled, forming regular longitudinal series, some of which are larger than the others ; a very slight indication of a nuchal denticulation; ventral scales smooth, smaller than the largest dorsals. Limbs strong, with compressed digits ; the scales on the upper surface of the limbs large and very strongly keeled and spinose; third and fourth fingers nearly equal; fourth toe very slightly longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail rounded, depressed at the base, covered with large strongly keeled spinose scales forming annuli; it is four times as long as the distance from gular fold to vent. Males with a patch of anal pores, and another patch of pores on the middle of the belly. Head and neck yellow, the rest of the body blackish brown. ROLL JEU BUI 55 50)2 0s: as 438 millim. TGA us fee eek 26) <2. ’ Width of head ........ po aes TGS on ep teais sevens a e's 90 ,, POTS WO lo en Gai os; PANO is a O00 BGtL ines area ne SoU” Jas N.W. India. a. d. Khirthar Range, Sind. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.]. 37. ‘Agama lirata. Stellio liratus, Blanf. Anni § Mag. N. H. (4) xiii. 1874, p. 453, and E. Persia, p. 320, pl. xx. fig. 2. Head rather flat, longer than broad. Nostril in the middle of the canthus rostralis. Scales of the upper part of the head trans- versely keeled on the occiput, smooth in the supraorbital regions, convex or bluntly keeled longitudinally on the snout; occipital not enlarged; a group of spinose scales in front of the large tympanum, and a very few scattered spines below and behind it. Two or three folds across the throat. Body depressed; scales of the back of the neck very small; a rudimentary nuchal crest ; a fold from the side of the neck over the shoulder, running back towards the groin; in the middle of the back are six or seven rows of large keeled scales, the keels forming continuous parallel lines; lateral scales small, keeled; ventral scales smooth, much larger than the lateral ones, but not half as large as the median dorsals ; no enlarged scales on the sides. Limbs strong, with com- pressed digits ; the scaies on the upper surface of the limbs sharply keeled and pointed ; fourth finger very slightly longer than third, fourth toe slightly longer than third. Tail much longer than the body, covered with keeled pointed scales, which do not form distinct rings; the scales at the base of the tail smooth. Dusky above, with imperfect blackish transverse markings; a small blackish pit before each shoulder. 19. AGAMA, 365 From snout to vent .... 100 millim. BO ap hi acs <2 bs udems ZB 45 MOOMIPADs vo cas ocae od Soe TIME IND 6 iss es TOS Baluchistan. 38. Agama nupta. Agama nupta, De Fil. Giorn. Ist. Lomb. vi. 1848, p. 407. Stellio carinatus, 4. Dum. Cat. Méth, Rept. p. 107, and Arch. Mus. viii. p. 580. —— nuptus, De Fil. Viagg. Persia, p. 352; Blanf. E. Pers. p. 317, pl. xix. fig, 1. Head depressed, triangular; nostril rather large, slightly tubular, pierced on the canthus rostralis ; upper head-scales smooth ; occipital not enlarged; borders of the tympanum and sides of neck with groups of well-developed spines ; ear-opening much larger than the eye-opening. Throat strongly plicate; no gular pouch; a trans- verse fold on the neck. Body depressed; a distinct curved fold from the neck to the sides; dorsal scales rather large, rhomboidal, strongly imbricate, shortly mucronate, keeled, the keels forming oblique lines: converging towards the vertebral line; flanks with minute scales ; ventral scales smooth, much smaller than dorsals and much larger than laterals. Limbs strong, digits compressed ; scales on upper surface of limbs as large as, or a little smaller than, the dorsals; third and fourth fingers nearly equal; fourth toe slightly longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail round or slightly compressed, depressed at the base, nearly three times as long as the distance from gular fold to vent; caudal scales larger than dorsals, mucronate, feebly keeled, forming regular annuli. Male with a patch of anal pores and another of ventral pores. Yellowish-brown above, uniform or with a darker network or dots; fore limbs dusky or blackish; posterior half of tail black, or annulate with black; gular region marbled yellow and dark blue. Total length’........... 456 millim. FIGMS Ses ier ou waves AT ce Width of head ........ ot Body. oss Nos ieee WLS: ,, ore BAD? o's he os ne + a Hine Ute eck eatanse TRF 4, DAIL jagits\esatoee eg ass SOU gg Persia. a. Hgr. Persia. Marquis G. Doria [ P.]. b-d. 3, 9, & her. S.E. of Rigan. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. e-f, g-h,t. 3,9,& Kazeroon. k os Shiraz. India Museum. 1. Ad., stuffed. Dizful. W. K. Loftus, Esq. [P.]. 366 AGAMID, Var. fusca. Stellio nuptus, var. fuscus, Blanf. F. Persia, p. 319. The transverse nuchal fold less distinct, and the spines on the sides of head and neck rather longer. General colour blackish- brown, throat yellowish, Baluchistan, Persia. ad: Near Jalk, Baluchistan. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. B-y. 3. Shiraz, Persia. 39. Agama microlepis. Stellio microlepis, Blanf. Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (4) 3 xiii. 1874, p. 453, and E. Persia, p. 326, pl. xix. fig. 2. Head much depressed ; snout not longer than the diametér of the orbit; nostril lateral, below the canthus rostralis, slightly tubular. Upper head-scales smooth or feebly keeled ; occipital not enlarged ; very small conical spinose scales on the sides of the head near the ear and on the neck; ear entirely exposed, larger than the eye- opening. Throat strongly plicate; no gular pouch. Body much depressed, with a very indistinct lateral fold; nuchal and dorsal scales minute, granular; a narrow zone on the vertebral line covered with flat, smooth or feebly keeled, rather irregular, enlarged scales about the size of those on the snout; on the flanks are scattered some feebly enlarged, conical spinose scales; no nuchal denticulation ; ventral scales smooth, not quite as large as the en- larged dorsals. 210 to 220 scales round the middle of the body. Limbs strong, with compressed digits; the scales on the upper sur- face of the limbs strongly enlarged, strongly keeled and spinose ; fourth finger very slightly longer than third; fourth toe a little longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail rounded, de- pressed at the base, covered with rather large spinose scales arranged in rings, two rings forming a distinct segment; the length of the tail equals once and a half to once and three fourths the distance from gular fold to vent. Male witha large patch of anal pores and an enormous patch of ventral pores. Olivaceous above, dotted or reticulated with black, and with yellowish spots; throat dark- marbled. Total length... i246 < 301 millim, SON ac se Miceli ar aie 7 Width of head ........ | RONG ois asnapits gees es 110_ ‘,, POPC MIND o/s cece ecw ort 6S. 207 BE 88_,, REP ies) ktan saya a so ROO Wey Persia. a-d. 3. Kushkizard, N. of Shiraz. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.}. (Types.) e. 6. —-? 19. agama. 367 40. Agama caucasica. Stellio caucasicus, Gray, Cat. p. 255. Lacerta muricata (non Shaw), Pall. Zoogr. Ross.-As. iii. p. 20. stellio (non L.), Pall. l. ce, p. 24. Stellio vulgaris (non Latr.), Ménétr. Cat. Rais. p. 64, caucasicus, Eichw. Zool. Spec. p. 187, and Faun. Casp.-Cauc. p. 80, pl. xili. figs. 1-8; A. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 105, and Arch. Mus. viii. p. 578; De Fil. Viagg. Pers. p. 852; Blanf. E. Persia, p. 822, pl. xx. fig. 1. —— persicus, Anders. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 382, fig. Head much depressed ; snout not longer than the diameter of the orbit; nostril lateral, below the canthus rostralis, slightly tubular. Upper head-scales smooth ; occipital not enlarged; small conical spinose scales on the side of the head near the ear, and on the neck ; ear entirely exposed, larger than the eye-opening. Throat strongly plicate; no gular pouch. Body much depressed, with a very in- distinct lateral fold; nuchal and latero-dorsal scales very small, granular ; vertebral region with enlarged flat, feebly keeled, rather irregular scales; tlanks with enlarged, strongly keeled or spinose scales; no nuchal denticulation ; ventral scales smooth, distinctly smaller than the enlarged dorsals. 150 to 160 scales round the middle of the body. Limbs strong, with compressed digits ; the scales on the upper surface of limbs much enlarged, strongly keeled, generally spinose; fourth finger slightly longer than third; fourth toe a little longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail rounded, depressed at the base, covered with rather large spinose scales arranged in rings, two rings forming a distinct segment ; the length of the tail does not equal quite twice the distance from gular fold to vent. Male with a large patch of anal pores and an enormous patch of ventral pores. Olivaceous above, with round yellowish black-edged spots, the black frequently forming a network ; vertebral region yellowish; limbs with more or less distinct yellowish cross bars; lower surfaces yellowish in the female, blackish in the breeding male. Total length «. 2.56.64 312 millim. EAE ocd 5 oped octetscss once tok So | 55 Wigth of head ...4:/2.., “80° 4, tion RRR aera ee ar ae at ara APR 99 ,, ORG LUNDY Aires sere ore 64, Hye UMD: oixic sees OT + <5, jb eee eek ete ere 180 Caucasus to Persia. a, Hgr. 3. Elizabethpol. b-c. ¢ & her. Persia. Marquis G. Doria [Fh d-h. 3,9,&yg. Kohrud, N. of Isfahan. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C. ]. 368 AGAMIDA, 41, Agama stellio. Stellio cordylina, Gray, Cat. p. 255. Lacerta stellio, Zinn. S, N.i. p. 8361; Hasselg. Reise Palist. p. 351. Iguana cordylina, Laur. Syst. Rept. p. 47. ordylus stellio, Laur. 1. ¢. p. 52. Stellio vulgaris, Latr. Rept. ii. p. 22; Daud. Rept. iv. p. 16; Geoffr. Descr. Egypte, Rept. p. 127, pl. ii. fig. 3; Heyd. in Riipp. Atlas N. Afr., Rept. p. 6. pl. ii. ; Guérin, Icon. R. A. pl. vi. fig. 2; Bibr. in Bory, Expéd. Morée, Rept. p. 68, pl. xi. fig. 1 & pl. xiii. fig. 1; Dum. & Bitr. iv. p. 528; Duvern. R. A., Rept. pl. xiii. fig. 1; Schreib. Herp. Eur. p. 469; Boettg. Ber. Senck. Ges, 1879-80, p. 196. Agama sebee, Merr. Tent. p. 55. cordylea, Merr. 1. c. Stellio antiquorum, Eichw. Zool. Spec. p. 117. cyprius, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 85. Head moderately depressed, with swollen cheeks in the male; nostril lateral, below the canthus rostralis; upper head-scales smooth or feebly keeled ; occipital not enlarged ; sides of head and neck with numerous short spine-like scales; ear exposed, a little. larger than the eye-opening. Throat with strong transverse folds ; no gular pouch. Body much depressed, with a distinct dorso-lateral fold, and vertical folds on the sides ; an irregular transverse fold on the neck; vertebral region with irregular keeled scales intermixed with strongly enlarged, feebly keeled ones; the rest of the back with minute scales intermixed with scattered enlarged ones, forming more or less regular transverse series ; on the dorso-lateral fold and on the flanks the enlarged scales conical, spinose; ventral scales smooth; gulars strongly keeled, spinose posteriorly. Limbs strong, with compressed digits; scales 6n upper surface of limbs large, strongly keeled, spinose ; third and fourth fingers equal, or fourth very slightly longer; fourth toe a little longer than third, fifth extending beyond first. Tail round, depressed at the base, about twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent; the scales large, strongly spinose, arranged in rings, two of which form a well-marked segment. Male with three to five rows of anal pores, and a double series of pores on the middle of the belly. Olive above, spotted with black, generally with a vertebral series of large yellow or orange spots; the male’s throat reticulated with bluish grey. Total length: 66.4555 «,< 284 millim. PRONE cian d du ee ae Se ee Width of head ........ BO <6 Oe gi vuaeseetcesiane ye 83. 4, EN ARIIND ds oki 'ara cca tees 65 4 PMY TAM i a a aia 6 S55 (SE aarar ry rar ere ae j hy | ee S.E. Europe; Asia Minor; Syria; N. Arabia; Egypt. 20. PHRYNOCEPHALUS. 369 a, b-e. SQ. Zebil, Bulgar Dagh, Cilician C. G. Danford, Esq. [P.]. Taurus, 4000 ft. 1 ee Biredijk, Euphates. C. G. Danford, Esq. [P.1. gd. Rumkaleh, Euphrates. C. G. Danford, Esq. P.j i es Asia Minor. C. Fellows, Esq. [ P.1. td. Asia Minor. A. Christy, Esq. P.]. k-n. 3 Q. Asia Minor, Sir J. Richardson [P.]. o,p. 2 & yg. Xanthus. Haslar Collection. q-s. 3 Q. Lake of Galilee. Canon Tristram [C.]. t. Her. Damascus. Dr. Anderson | P. }. u-v. Her. & yg. Ramleh, Judea. Dr. Anderson | P.]. w. 9. Jerusalem. Dr. Anderson | P.]. a. Mt. Sinai. y. 2x Egypt. M. Lefebvre LF) z,a. Hgr. & yg. Egypt. Rey. W. Hennah [P.]. B. Skeleton. —-? 20. PHRYNOCEPHALUS*. Phrynocephalus, Kaup, Isis, 1826, p. 591; Fitzing. N. Classif. Rept. A 15; Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 144; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 17; um. § Bibr. Erp. Gén. iv. p. 512; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 259; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 160. Megalochilus, Hichw. Zool. Spec. Ross. Pol. iii. p. 185; Gray, 1. ¢. p. 261. Tympanum hidden. Body depressed. No dorsal crest. A trans- verse gular fold; no gular sac. Tail round. No femoral or preeanal pores. South-eastern Europe; Central Asia. Synopsis of the Species. I, No lobe of skin at the angle of the mouth. A. Dorsal lepidosis heterogeneous. Nasals generally in contact; toes feebly fringed; tail with deep black bars in- OL ee at Ey Ne Re Pag 1. oliviert, p. 370. Nasals separated ; toes strongly fringed .. 2. helivscopus, p. 371. B. Dorsal lepidosis homogeneous, the scales on the vertebral region considerably larger than those on the flanks; no spinose scales on the sides of the head and neck. 1. Pectoral scales smooth or very feebly keeled ; tail not twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent. Pectoral scales quite smooth ; nostrilswidely separated, directed outwards ........ 3. vlangalit, p. 372. * 1. P. varius, Kichw. Zool. Spec. iii. p. 186.—S. Siberia. 2. P. melanurus, Hichw. |. ¢.—S. Siberia. 3. P. nigricans, Hichw, 1. e.—S. Siberia. 2B 370 AGAMID®. Pectoral scales quite smooth; fourth toe TOMAG TING © os wen Sends one Re ea 4, theobaldi, p. 373. Pectoral scales slightly keeled ; fourth toe Strongly fringed o. 1.6 wus sew ee vie 5. versicolor, p. 374. 2. Pectoral scales strongly keeled. a. Fourth toe strongly fringed. Posterior ventral scales smooth; tibia as long’ as the SKU vias ise ose ak eg 6 6. frontalis, p. 375. Posterior ventral scales smooth ; tibia longer (p. 375. THD AAO BRU Gries Saw eels 7. caudivolvulus, Posterior ventral scales keeled .......... 8. przewalskit, p. 377. b. Fourth toe feebly fringed. Ventral scales feebly keeled ............ 9. affinis, p. 377. 3. Pectoral scales smooth; tail nearly twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent. End of tail black inferiorly ............ 10. maculatus, p. 377. Hind pt tail ‘not Dlack ... 10. ce. eens 11. awillaris, p. 378. C. Dorsal lepidosis homogeneous ; sides of head and neck with projecting spine-like scales. TOUR IORG NOUR 66S foo hiss aig dR a Rae 12. interscapularis, [p. 378. Il. A large, folded, fringed lobe of the skin at the angle of the mouth. Digits very strongly fringed ............ 13. mystaceus, p. 379. 1. Phrynocephalus olivieri. . Phrynocephalus olivieri, Gray, Cat. p. 260. Phrynocephalus tickelii, Gray, /. ¢. Olivier, Voy. Emp. Ottom. pl. xlii. fig. 1. Phrynocephalus olivieri, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 517; Anders. Proe. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 386; Blanf. Zool. E. Pers, p. 327. — tickelii, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 160. Snout extremely short, vertically truncate; upper head-scales large, smallest on the middle of the supraorbital region, where they are about the size of the median dorsals, largest and convex behind the nostrils and on the occiput; nostril directed forwards and upwar ds; nasal large, in contact with its fellow (quite exceptionally separated by a series of scales). Dorsal scales flat, smooth, juxta- posed or slightly imbricate, with scattered enlarged nail-like scales ; sides more or less folded, with small granular scales intermixed with scattered enlarged ones. Gular, pectoral, and ventral scales smooth, the former very small but not granular; ventrals square, forming slightly oblique transverse series. Scales on upper surface of limbs large, smooth or feebly keeled. Outer edge of third and fourth toes 20. PHRYNOCEPHALUS. 371 feebly denticulated. Tibia longer than the skull. Tail round, gradually tapering to a fine point, covered with smooth or slightly keeled scales ; on the basal portion of the tail they are intermixed with enlarged conical scales; the length of the tail equals once and two thirds to a little more than twice the distance from gular fold to vent. Grey above, marbled with darker and guttate with lighter ; sometimes a blackish cross band behind the scapular region, and another in front of the sacral region; sometimes a large zone on the middle of the back uniform light grey; limbs and tail with blackish cross bars, on the latter forming annuli which are deep black on the lower surface ; body and limbs inferiorly white. Total length .......... 105 millim. NEON cites caw tous a, Width of head ........ 1 BOARS inthe ees SLB: 4 Pore: WNW oii sete alas Se ESTE ASOND Fas, Sos eace a oO BS ae eee oie dees G2. 3 Persia; Baluchistan. a-d. 2 &hgr. _— Persia. Marquis G. Doria [P.]. e-g. Q. Rayen, S.E. of Karman. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. h-k. $2. Near Rigan, Narmashir, W. T. Blanford, Esq. of S.E. Persia. i. é. Between Tehran an W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. Kazvin. m-p. dQ. Ghistigan, Bampusht, W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. Baluchistan. g. do. Near Bampur, Baluchistan. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. 2. Phrynocephalus helioscopus. Phrynocephalus helioscopus, Gray, Cat. p. 260. Lacerta helioscopa, Pall. Reise, i. p. 457. uralensis, G'mel. S. N. p. 1073. Stellio helioscopa, Latr. Rept. ii. p. 30. : uralensis, Latr. 1. c. p. 39. Agama helioscopa, Daud, Rept. iii. p. 419; Licht. in Eversm. Reise, . 144. : uralensis, Daud, 1. c. p. 422. Phrynocephalus uralensis, Fitz. N. Class. Rept. p. 47. helioscopus, Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 144; Eichw. Zool. Spec. iii. p- 186; Gravenh. N. Acta Ac. Leop.-Carol. xvi. 1833, ii. p. 934, pl. Lxiv. figs. 9,14; Hversm. N. Mém. Sov. Moscou, iii. 1834, p. 364, pl. xxxii. fig. 3; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 519. ersicus, De Filippi, Arch. p. la Zool. ii. p. 387, and Viagg. Pers. p: 853; Anders. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 388, fig.; Blanf. Zool. £. Pers. p. 829. Forehead convex, with enlarged convex scales; occipital scales enlarged; median supraorbital scales as large as, or rather smaller than, the median dorsals ; nostril directed forwards ; nasal separated from its fellow by three to five (exceptionally one) longitudinal 232 372 j " AGAMIDA, series of scales. Dorsal scales irregular, on the vertebral region enlarged, more or less imbricate, smooth or very feebly keeled ; on the sides granular, intermixed with irregularly arranged enlarged nail-like or pointed scales. Gular, pectoral, and ventral scales smooth, none mucronate. Scales on upper surface of limbs smooth or feebly keeled, intermixed with enlarged ones. Outer and inner edge of third and fourth toes with a fringe of acute lobules. Tibia longer than the skull. Tail round, depressed, and more or less swollen at the base, ending in an obtuse point, covered with more or less distinctly keeled scales, on the basal portion with scattered enlarged projecting tubercles ; the length of the tail equals once and one fourth to once and two thirds the distance from gular fold to vent. Grey above, with darker spots sometimes forming interrupted transverse bars; tail above with dark cross bars, which are either absent or of a pale grey on the lower surface. Lower surfaces white ; throat and breast generally marbled with grey. Total length «4 -.4<%% 116 millim. FIORE ie OS LE Rips eee i ee Width of head ........ 14 «,, ROW fac rs i ese as eee: |) ae Pore MING de ee eke es +h es CUT RI Vhs] are eer er 44 ,, TAH “a2 aeaecee ees BS Gj South-western Siberia ; Turkestan; South-eastern Russia; Persia. Gi Ss Kirghiz Steppe, Astrachan. Dr. A. Giinther [P.]. b. oS. Astrachan. c-d. 3. Siberia. Berlin Museum. 2. 2, Siberia. Dr. J. E. Gray [P.]. f-h. 6 & hgr Sysfyk-Kul. Geographical Society of Bremen. -k. 3 Q. West Golodnaja. St. Petersburg Museum. l-g. 3, 2, & hgr. Mangyschlak. St. Petersburg Museum. rs. dQ. Turkestan. M. Severzow [C.]. 2. Between Tehran and Kazvin. W.T. Blanford, Esq. tet u-v, w-y. dQ. Between Shiraz and Isfahan. W.T. Blanford, Esq.[C.}. . Phrynocephalus vlangalii. Phrynocephalus vlangalii, Strauch, Voy. Przewalski, Rept. p. 20, pl. iii. fig. 3. Forehead convex, with enlarged convex scales ; nostril anterior, directed not upwards but outwards, pierced under the canthus rostralis; nasal very concave, separated from its fellow by six or seven longitudinal series of scales. Back with very distinct, mostly transverse folds; scales homogeneous, slightly imbricate, enlarged on the vertebral region, smaller on the sides, all more or less convex but not keeled. Gular, pectoral, and ventral scales quite smooth, the former rather convex. Outer edge of third and fourth toes distinctly fringed. Tail short and thick, suddenly enlarged and 20. PHRYNOCEPHALUS. 373 much depressed at the base, then roundish, ending obtusely ; caudal scales smooth, except posteriorly, where the upper are slightly and the lower distinctly keeled. Dirty grey above, yellowish inferiorly ; an immaculate vertebral band, on each side of which irregular black and yellowish-orange spots; throat and chest blackish; a large elongate deep black spot on the middle of the belly, and another on the lower surface of the end of the tail. Total length .........; 114 millim. Head and neck ........ LBs 34 1 Rear a ge eee ee 3 ee WAM eg aloes Ss can os Bi” 55 Kuku Lake 4, Phrynocephalus theobaldi. Phrynocephalus tickelii, part., Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1860, p. 161. —— olivieri, (non D. § B.) Theob. Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xxxi. 1862, . 618. sa theobaldi, Blyth, tom. cit. xxxii. 1863, p. 90; Blanf. tom. cit. xliv. 1875, p. 192, and 2nd Yark. Miss., Rept. p. 6. —— caudivolvulus, part., Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 161. —— stoliczkai, Steind. Novara, Rept. p. 23, pl. i. figs. 6, 7. —— caudivolvulus, Anders. Proc. Zool, Soc, 1872, p. 387. Forehead very convex, with enlarged convex scales; supraorbital scales about as large as the largest dorsals; occipital scales much larger ; nostril directed forwards; nasal separated from its fellow by one or three longitudinal rows of scales. Dorsal scales homogeneous, small, granular on the sides, enlarged, flat, and subimbricate on the vertebral region, all perfectly smooth ; pectoral and ventrals small, perfectly smooth, not mucronate ; scales on upper surface of limbs smooth. Outer side of third and fourth toes feebly but distinctly denticulated. Tibia as long as the skull. Tail roundish, thickened and depressed at the base, covered with smooth scales, ending obtusely ; its length is once and a half to once and two thirds the distance from gular fold to vent. Grey above, more or less spotted with blackish or with light, dark-edged ocelli; lower surfaces white ; male with the middle of the throat and of the belly, and the end of the tail inferiorly, black. Total length... 6 bie 110 millim. UGA tate ie. hove on 1 Width of head: .. 4.05. i ee BODY 5 oto ed ee ee ; Ore MRD, occ ea. be 3 as Pe ahs a er esta os SO has GU a sccaue wa ehivat ce 61 Tibet ; Eastern Turkestan. ads Tsomoriri, Tibet. Messrs. v. Schlagintweit [C.]. b-c. 9 & her. Turkestan. M. Severzow [C.]. 374 AGAMIDZ, Var: forsythii. Phrynocephalus forsythii, Anders. Proc. Zool, Soc. 1872, p. 390, fi g. — théobaldi, var. forsythii, Blanf. 2nd Yark. Miss., Rept. p. 8. Very nearly allied to P. theobaldi, but distinguished in the following characters:—The toes are less distinctly denticulated laterally, the middle ones being almost deprived of any such den- ticulation ; all the scales, and especially those on the upper surface of the head, smaller; scales on the limbs keeled ; tail longer, nearly twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent, tapering to a fine point. Light grey above, dotted with darker; two series of small dark spots along the back ; end of tail black inferiorly ; lower surfaces white, with a faint blackish line along the middle of the belly. Total Jength. ...2.05 026% 112 millim. RORIE croton ty ceed 5 ees Width Of heed: § csscas <2 Lh oy; Li | A CR gee eee iY a Pore TN NG oct 4. PInG MAD ok cis ce oe ows pos ae DAN uk on ied iiewe 64 ,, Yarkand. a di Yarkand. India Museum, Calcutta. (One of the types.) 5. Phrynocephalus versicolor. Phrynocephalus versicolor, Strauch, Voy. Przewalski, Rept. p. 18, pl. iii. fig. 2. , Forehead slightly convex and sloping, with enlarged convex scales ; occipital scales enlarged ; median supraorbitals smaller than median dorsals ; nostril directed forwards and slightly upwards ; nasal separated from its fellow by three longitudinal series of scales. Dorsal scales homogeneous, granular on the sides, enlarged, flat, smooth, and imbricate on the vertebral region. Gular and abdominal scales smooth, pectorals very slightly keeled. Third and fourth toes on both sides with a strong fringe of acute lobules. Tibia as long as the skull. Tail roundish, tapering to a rather fine point, covered with keeled scales ; its length equals once and a third to once and three fourths the distance from gular fold to vent. Greyish above, spotted and vermiculated with darker; limbs and tail with dark cross bars, which form three or four complete annuli, black inferiorily, at the end of the latter ; lower surfaces white. Totardengen. i... 650s 108 millim. pn eh ree ores iy Width of head ........ iS DOIN: Sib sian veeens 437 ia 20. PHRYNOCEPHALUS. 375 Bore Wnts 2 Sane eee 24 millim, IMM sos Sea oe See re Sd a a 54 ,, The younger specimen measures—from snout to vent 37 millim., tail 47 millim. Mongolia. a-b. 9 & her. Desert Gobi. _ J. Brenchley, Esq. [P.]. 6. ocephalus frontalis *. ree faire Se frontalis, Strauch, Voy. Przewalski, Rept. p. 15, pl. iii. fig. 1. Forehead sloping, subconvex, with enlarged convex scales; nostril anterior, scarcely turned upwards ; nasal separated from its fellow by three or four longitudinal series of scales. Dorsal scales homogeneous, subimbricate, larger and more or less distinctly keeled on the verte- bral region, decreasing in size to the sides, where they are convex or tectiform. Gular and abdominal scales smooth, pectorals strongly keeled. Third and fourth toes distinctly fringed on the outer side. Tibia as long as the skull. Tail long, little thickened at the base, gradually tapering, everywhere slightly depressed, the end curling upwards, covered with keeled scales. Brown above, irregularly guttate with yellow, uniform yellowish inferiorly ; a slightly arched preocular transverse blackish band; two series of blackish spots on the back, sometimes confluent and forming transverse bands; end of tail black inferiorly. POUAL LANGE, asia e ea 116 millim. Head and neck ........ LG: 4, POU, isid5 och iceen ont 2A he ogg DAA piace ss 65 eet eos! G20 5: Chinese Province Ordos. 7. Phrynocephalus caudivolvulus. Phrynocephalus caudivolvulus, Gray, Cat. p. 260. Lacerta caudivolvula, Pall. Zoogr. Ross.-As. iii. p. 27. Agama guttata, Daud. Rept, iii. p. 426. caudivolvula, Lichtenst. in Eversm. Reise, p. 143. ocellata, Lichtenst. 1. c. Phrynocephalus caudivolvulus, Fitz. N. Classif. Rept. p. 48; Eichw. Zool. Spec. p. 186, and Faun. Casp. Cauc. p. 107, pl. xii. figs. 6, 7, & pl. xiii. figs. 9-14; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 522. — ocellatus, Eichw. Zool. Spec. p. 186. reticulatus, Eichw. 1. c. tickelii, part., Ginth. Proc. Zool. Soc, 1860, p. 161. —— caudivolvulus, part., Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 161. Forehead convex and slightly sloping, with moderately enlarged convex scales; occipital scales either small, scarcely larger than * IT have examined two specimens, belonging to M. Lataste, collected by Abbé David in Mongolia. ; 376 AGAMIDZE. the median dorsals, or more enlarged ; supraorbital scales very small, granular, or nearly as large as median dorsals; nostril directed forwards and slightly upwards ; nasal separated from its fellow by three to five longitudinal series of scales. Dorsal scales homogeneous, small, granular on the sides, enlarged, flat and subimbricate, smooth or feebly keeled on the vertebral region. Gular scales smooth or indistinctly keeled; pectoral and anterior ventral scales strongly keeled and mucronate, posterior ventrals smooth. Scales on upper . surface of limbs keeled. Both sides of third and fourth toes with a strong fringe of acute lobules. ‘Tibia longer than the skull. Tail swollen and much depressed at the base, then roundish depressed, tapering to a rather fine point, the end curling upwards; except on the basal portion of the tail, the scales are keeled. Greyish above, spotted, marbled, or vermiculated with blackish ; sometimes with whitish, dark-edged spots forming ocelli on the back; tail inferiorly with black bars alternating with white ones of nearly equal width; lower surfaces white. The specimens fall into two distinct forms, which are perhaps entitled to specific separation :— A. (P. caudivolvulus.) Occipital scales much larger than dorsals. Tail not quite twice as long as the distance from gular fold to vent. Three to five black spots under the tail. Total length: .ss22 6.68 114 millim. Hee acecep rn caus cb ae Width of head ........ i eee ASGUS 5 canna ottclacnes cee ee, it Fore lita os. os oo ress ae Pan DIGG seater. 40 ,, ye Ne kee el ae Ae Bee 65 sy, Shores of the Caspian Sea; Turkestan ; Tibet. RE ie Astrachan. ar Turkestan. M. Severzow [C. ]. tS Ladak. Messrs. v. Schlagintweit [C.]. d. B. &. ocellatus.) Occipital scales not larger than the largest / dorsals. Tail more than twice as long as the distance from / gular fold to vent. Six to nine black spots under the tail. Tote lenge: .5 «cnc ees 125 millim. BIOOE ka 2 a ae 12°34 Width of head ........ 2s 5. BOOT Kaki ae SAA SA ewe BOs. as Fore MD. hoi nea enw 24 4, Hind Limb 5.055 o:.rsrica sss Ss Ot Avie oa tootsie s 10" 56 Eastern Central Asia. a-b. Q. Shore of Lake Alakul. St. Petersburg Museum. c-e. o. West Khara-Kum. St. Petersburg Museum. f-g. Yg. Lepsinskaja Staniza. St. Petersburg Museum. 20. PHRYNOCEPHALUS. 377 : | ganeeger: przewalskii. Phrynocephalts przewalskii, Strauch, Voy. Przewalski, Rept. p. 10, pl. ii. fig. 1. Forehead convex, with large keeled or tectiform scales ; nostril anterior, turned upwards ; nasal separated from its fellow by three longitudinal series of scales. Dorsalscales homogeneous, subimbricate, large, plane, and very distinctly keeled on the vertebral region, smaller, very convex, tectiform or spiniform on the sides. Gular, pectoral, and abdominal scales imbricate and distinctly keeled. Third and fourth toes with a fringe of long acute lobules on the outer side. Tail long, thickened and scarcely depressed at the base, then rounded, the end curling upwards, and covered with imbricate keeled scales. Yellowish-orange above, yellowish inferiorly; a broad sinuous black vertebral band, ending on the sacral region ; sides black-dotted. Total length. icc5.s- eae 193 millim. Head and neck ........ 7 ee DON ioe an ent oe oy 54 ,, POM alee x ecte ae 112 Alashan Desert. 9. Phrynocephalus affinis. Phrynocephalus affinis, Strauch, Voy. Przewalski, Rept. p. 18, pl. ii. fig. 2. Forehead convex, with large convex scales; nostril anterior, turned upwards ; nasal separated from its fellow by three or four longitudinal series of scales. Dorsal scales homogeneous, subim- bricate, larger and slightly keeled on the vertebral region, smaller, slightly tectiform on the sides. Gular and ventral scales hardly keeled, pectorals very distinctly keeled. Third and fourth toes with a fringe of short acute lobules on the outer side. Tail long, thickened, and depressed at the base, then roundish, slightly com- pressed, the end curling upwards, with imbricate keeled scales. Dirty yellowish grey above, the sides of the neck and body fre- quently reddish ; two series of blackish spots, sometimes confluent on the back; pectoral and abdominal region, and sometimes also the throat, more or less blackish. Total length ..../....: 174 millim. Head and neck ........ Gane 3 ODS: ee shit ons nea ey oo Uae MLE Pencacts peck ol Sree oee 101 - Chinese Province Ordos. 10. Phrynocephalus maculatus. Phrynocephalus maculatus, Anders. Proce. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 289, fig.; Blanf. Zool, E. Pers. p. 331. 378 AGAMIDE. Forehead convex, with slightly enlarged scales; median supra- orbital scales as large as or smaller than the median dorsals; occipital scales slightly enlarged; nostril directed upwards; nasal separated from its fellow by one scale. Dorsal scales homogeneous, smaller on the sides, rhomboidal, imbricate, smooth. Gular, pectoral, and abdominal scales smooth. Scales on the limbs smooth or feebly keeled. Third and fourth toes with feeble lateral denticulation. Tibia longer than the skull. Tail depressed, especially at the base, tapering to a point, covered with keeled scales; its length equals nearly twice the distance from gular fold to vent. Greyish above, speckled or guttate with whitish, and with more or less distinct darker dots, spots, or cross bands; lower surfaces white; end of tail black inferiorly. Total length .......... 166 millim. IOAG sie cas pe 3 oe eS Te Width of head ........ 165.33 hi aes eae BE eee Geer Bote tm 3 ae “1 aoe PL AUAD ooze ce ee Don tay LAU: Sigel eedin BO are WL” 5 Persia 2.9 Near Bam, S.E. Persia. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C. ] b. Her. Karman. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.}. ed. Salt Marsh, Sar-i-jum. W. T. Blanford, Esq. oa d, Hgr. Between Karmanand Shiraz. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.}. 11. Phrynocephalus axillaris. Phrynocephalus axillaris, Blanf. Journ. As. Soc, Beng. xliv. 1875, p. 192, and 2nd Yark. Miss., Rept. p. 9, pl. i. fig. 4. Very closely allied to the preceding, from which it differs in rather shorter limbs, and the outer edge of the fourth toe more strongly fringed. A red spot behind the shoulder; end of the tail . never black. Total length about 15 centim., in which the tail counts for three fifths. Yarkand. 12. Phrynocephalus interscapularis. Phrynocephalus interscapularis, Lichtenst. Nomencl. Rept. Mus. Berol. p. 12. . Head much depressed, snout sloping; upper head-scales small, keeled, not enlarged on occipital region; nostril turned upwards ; nasal separated from its fellow by one scale. Dorsal scales small, more or less distinctly keeled, not enlarged on vertebral region ; small projecting spinose scales on the sides of the head and neck, and sometimes on the flanks ; a fold along the flanks. Gular scales ~ 20. PHRYNOCEPHALUS. 379 pointed, smooth or feebly keeled; pectoral and ventral scales mu- cronate, the former smooth or feebly keeled, the latter smooth. Scales on limbs smooth or keeled; a more or less distinct fringe of pointed scales borders the thighs posteriorly. Tibia longer than the skull... Toes very long, the third and fourth on both sides with a very strong fringe of acute lobules. Tail depressed, tapering to a fine point, covered with keeled scales ; its length equals once and a half to once and two thirds the distance from gular fold to vent. Sandy-grey above, dotted and vermiculated with blackish, and dotted with white; lower surfaces white ; end of tail inferiorly black, with two to four black spots in front. Total length 3. i.is ss 77 millim. 1: Ee eee ae RR a POP AMD) y .54 ease wes 44 ,, PRUNE AID 5 elise ek 96. , PRI ecaeg ele gk Sa os LO. Bay West Australia. ae West Australia. Mr. Gilbert [C.]. (Type.) 5. Amphibolurus caudicinctus. (Prare XXIX. fig. 2.) Grammatophora caudicincta, Giinth. Zool. Erebus §& Terror, Rept. p. 19. Habit moderate. Head rather large; snout as long as the dia- meter of the orbit, with swollen canthus rostralis ; nostril directed slightly upwards, much nearer the eye than the tip of the snout ; tympanum large, two thirds the diameter of the orbit; upper head- scales subequal, keeled, smallest on supraorbital region. Sides of neck feebly plicate; no dorso-lateral fold. Gular scales smaller than ventral,smooth. Body moderately depressed, covered with small uniform keeled scales, smallest on the back; on the back the keels slightly converge towards the vertebral line; a very small nuchal crest and a slight ridge along the middle of the back; ventral scales small, smooth. Limbs and digits long, the adpressed hind limb reaching nearly the tip of the snout; scales on upper surface of limbs a little larger than dorsals. A series of thirty-three pores ex- tending along the whole length of the thighs, interrupted on the pre- analregion. Tailcompressed, slightly keeled above, once and a half as long as head and body ; caudal scales equal, keeled. Uniform pale brown above ; tail with regular black rings, narrower than the inter- spaces between them ; throat slightly mottled with greyish ; chest black. Total length .......... 203 millim. ct. een 24 ”? 21. AMPHIBOLURUS. 385 Width of head ........ 19 millim UMMA ih osc 3d «, oc 3ihlaeh 54. =C««s, Werelimb ... 0... 6's a Sis +55 POG: 2266s cad (Pe PEMA eos 5. oh ic alcieta's 25 (a, North-west Agstralin, a 3. Nicol Bay. Mr. Duboulay [C.]. (Type.) 6. Amphibolurus decresii. Grammatophora decresii, Gray, Cat. p. 253. . Grammatophora decresii, Dum. § Bibr. as BS ‘2, pl. xii. bis. fig. 1. Ctenophorus decresii, Fvtz. Syst. Rept. p. 8 - Amphibolurus decresii, Peters, Mon. Berl. or: 1863, p. 229. Habit stout. Head short; nostril equally distant from the eye and the end of the snout; tympanum rather large; small spinose tubercles near the ear; upper head-scales subequal, feebly keeled, slightly larger on supraorbital region. Dorsal scales small, equal, keeled ; a very small nuchal crest and a slight ridge along the middle of the back ; lateral scales very small, smooth, intermixed with very small tubercles ; ventral scales smooth. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye. A series of fifty pores extending along the whole length of the thighs, interrupted on the preanal region. Tail round, nearly twice as long as head and body, covered with equal keeled scales. Olive-brown above, sides spotted or striped with fulvous; throat vermiculate with brown ; chest sometimes black. POUR TONGUE ok. vg ears 230 millim, TAORG aca srolersds ws geute aes Goes 4) DOR: ease hk waa ts care tees 54, POPS NMG! os sea iay + ee MASORE THIRD. Gi resghsvonuics Warde OB. <3; ERR tated x wveregtmae Res LOU South Australia. 7. Amphibolurus pictus. : Amphibolurus ornatus, (zon Gray) Peters, fon: Berl, Ac. 1863, 230. — pictus, Peters, Mon. Berl, Ac, 1866, p. 88. Grammatophora picta, Giinth. Zool. Er eb, & Terr., Rept. p. 18. Habit stout. Head very short, snout shorter than the diameter of the orbit ;. nostril equally distant from the eye and the tip of the snout; tympanum large, nearly two thirds the diameter of the orbit ; upper head-scales subequal, tubercular, smallest on supraorbital region: a series of enlarged scales from the nostril to above the tympanum, passing below the eye. Sides of neck strongly plicate ; no dorso-lateral fold. Gular scales smaller than ventrals, smooth. 20 386 AGAMID 2B, Body much depressed, covered with very small uniform feebly keeled scales smallest on the sides; a slight ridge along the middle of the back ; ventral scales smooth. Limbs and digits rather short, the adpressed hind limb reaching the tympanum or between the latter and the orbit; scales on upper surface of limbs small, equal, keeled. A series of thirty-two to forty-five pores extending along the whole length of the thighs, continuous or interrupted on the preanal region. Tail round, a little depressed at the base, not twice as long as head and body, covered with equal feebly keeled scales. Grey-brown above, with small darker and lighter spots; a series of transverse black spots on the back separated or connected by a black vertebral line ; throat and chest mottled with blackish. Total length .......... 150 millim. DIOUA Ahi a Keren 8 ae eels 1G. <2: Width of head ........ 1g DOG Seka e itn aula 42 ,, OVO AND GG yew ics 438 eh) ks FEVONL MAUD ccasarss ip seopie oes ae NDA Goose s pacnaretaen Acta 03-. Gs South Australia. a-b. 2 & yg. —? G. Krefft, Esq. [P.]. 8. Amphibolurus reticulatus. (Puiarz XXX. fig. 1.) Grammatophora reticulata, Gray, Cat. p. 252. Grammatophora decresii, (non D. § B.) Gray, in Grey’s Trav, Austr. ii. p. 439, — levis, Giinth. Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (3) xx. 1867, p. 52. Habit stout. Head very short, snout a little shorter than the diameter of the orbit ; nostril nearly equally distant from the eye and the tip of the snout ; tympanum half the diameter of the orbit ; upper head-scales subequal, subtubercular, obtusely keeled, smallest on supraorbital region ; small conical tubercles or spines near the tympanum and on the neck. Sides of neck rather strongly plicate ; no dorso-lateral fold. Gular scales smaller than ventrals, smooth. Body much depressed, covered above with small smooth scales inter- mixed with enlarged, flat, obtusely keeled ones; a regular series of the latter along the vertebral line; ventral scales smooth. Limbs and digits short, the adpressed hind limb reaching the shoulder in the female, between the latter and the tympanum in the male; scales on the limbs keeled. A series of thirty-five to forty-five pores - extending along the whole length of the thighs, slightly interrupted on the preanal region. Tail round, a little depressed at the base, not more than once and a half the length of head and body ; scales strongly keeled, on the upper surface of the basal part of the tail intermixed with enlarged flat scales. Pale olive or yellowish above, spotted or reticulated with black, the black reticulation generally enclosing small round light spots; tail with rather irregular dark 21, AMPHIBOLURUS. 387 annuli; sometimes a regular series of large brown spots on each side of the vertebral region ; throat reticulate with grey ; chest frequently brownish in the male. tC GE 195 millim, PORN rs oa! 5-45 9.2 3 4 oR D 20) Aly Width of head .......... ch ee BOUT acy alate nia ate eack OOu is i A er ee 2: \ se PIED MINDY Ach asa oes hore BE EMOTE incr coe tir Os oleae 1G West Australia. a-b. SO. W. Australia. Mr. Gilbert [C.]. es. e~d, ae W. Australia. Mr. Duboaley C. ; ea) e-g. 2 & her. Perth, W. Australia. Mr. Duboulay [C.). h, Yg. Nicol Bay, N.W. Mr. Duboulay [C. ]. Australia. : i-m. 3,9,&yg. Champion Bay, N.W. Mr. Duboulay[C.]. (Types Australia. of Grammatophora levis.) 9. Amphibolurus adelaidensis. Grammatophora angulifera, var. 2, Gray, Cat. p. 253. Grammatophora muricata, var. adelaidensis, Gray, in Grey, Austr. ii. p. 489. A oe Gray, Zool. Erebus § Terror, Rept. pl. xviii. g. 2. Habit stout. Head short; snout nearly as long as the diameter of the orbit; nostril equally distant from the eye and the end of the snout; tympanum scarcely half the diameter of the orbit ; upper head-scales strongly keeled ; small spinose tubercles on the back of the head; sides of neck strongly plicate; a more or less distinct dorso-lateral fold. Gular scales smaller than ventrals, keeled. Body much depressed, covered with irregular strongly keeled scales, largest on the vertebral region, intermixed with enlarged trihedral spinose scales forming very irregular longitudinal series; a more or less regular vertebral series of enlarged scales; ventral scales keeled. Limbs short, the adpressed hind limb reaching the shoulder or the neck in females, the tympanum or a little beyond in males; scales on upper surface of limbs unequal, strongly keeled. A series of twenty to thirty pores extending on more than the proximal half of the thighs, continuous or interrupted on the preanal region. Tail round, depressed at the base, not once and two thirds the length of head and body ; scales strongly keeled at the base with four or five longitudinal series of enlarged ones, the outer series, on the side, composed of large trihedral tubercles. Pale olive-grey above, with a regular series of angular dark brown, white-edged spots on each side of the vertebral region, and another more or less regular along each side ; head with symmetrical dark markings; limbs with irregular dark 202 388 AGAMIDZE. cross bars ; tail with two series of dark spots; lower parts white, the throat marbled with black in the male, less distinctly with grey in the female ; in the male an elongate black spot on the chest and blackish variegations on the chest and belly. Total length... 0 ¢i.cae-. 126 millim. i PA iene eter er cs area Width of head ........ Thioe POO ee isRle eh al tala tenss ae WOPeIM os oa lav ee < oh AGO PUN D see ae ee ae 5 a 1 AON IS Re Ar oe eer yer {ne South Australia. a. Many spec.: ¢ Q. Swan River. (Types.) b-c. o. Swan River. d. 9. Australia. Lord Derby [P.]. Var. tasmaniensis. Distinguished by smaller dorsal scales and different markings on the lower surfaces. Two A-shaped black streaks on the throat, less marked in the female ; in the male a large elongate black spot on the chest, and three more or less distinct longitudinal black lines on the belly. Tasmania.—Perhaps a distinct species. a. Several spec.: 5,9, & yg. Tasmania. oral pulcherrimus. (Piate XXX. fig. 2.) osely allied to the preceding, from which it differs in having the. gular scales smooth or very feebly keeled, and in coloration. Grey above, with four longitudinal rows of angular black spots on the body ; head with symmetrical markings ; throat with two A-shaped black streaks ; a black spot on the chest and three longitudinal black bands, uniting in front and behind, on the belly. Total length 100 millim. West Australia. a-d. 3. West Australia, Mr, Duboulay [C.]. Ad. Amphibolurus pallidus. (Prare XXX. fig. 3.) Grammatophora angulifera, var..3, Gray, Cat. p. 253. Also very closely allied to A. adelaidensis. Enlarged dorsal scales forming very regular longitudinal series. Uniform pale brown above, without any spots; lower surfaces white, immaculate in the female ; male with the throat black-marbled, and a black streak along the middle of the belly. Total length 113 millim. West Australia. 21, AMPHIBOLURUS. 389 a-e. 3, 9,& ye. West Australia. Sete Perth, West Australia. Mr. Duboulay [C. ]. 12. Amphibolurus angulifer. Grammatophora angulifera, var. 1, Gray, Cat. p. 252. Grammatophora muricata, var. diemensis, Gray, Grey’s Austr. ii. p. 439. Agama celaticeps, Smith, Ill. S. Afr., Rept. pl. xxiv. Grammatophora angulifera, Gray, Zool, Ere § Terror, pl. xviii. fig. 3. Habit stout. Head short; snout as long as the diameter of the orbit; nostril equally distant from the eye and the tip of the snout ; tympanum measuring nearly half the diameter of the orbit; upper head-scales rough, strongly keeled. Sides of neck strongly plicate and studded with small spines ; a distinct dorso-lateral fold. Gular scales a little smaller than ventrals, keeled. Body much depressed, covered above with very irregular strongly keeled scales intermixed with enlarged spinose ones; the latter form a zigzag series on each side of the vertebral region, the scales of which are not enlarged, and a longitudinal series following the dorso-lateral fold; they are irregularly scattered on the flanks; ventral scales strongly keeled and mucronate. Limbs and digits short; the adpressed hind limb reaches the tympanum or between the latter and the orbit ; spinose scales scattered on the limbs. Femoral pores four to six on each side, not extending beyond the basal half of the thighs; preanal pores two to five on each side. Tail round, depressed at the base, once and two thirds to once and three fourths as long as head and body, above with five longitudinal series of strongly enlarged spinose scales. Brown above, sides darker ; a festooned dark brown, black- edged band along the back; lower surfaces pale brown, usually dotted or reticulated with darker. Total length «i000. .+4. 199 millim EOE, siacg ie houcals waist | ee Width of head ........ | ae TIO 6 a HS tvese cy wake Os OG: ., Fore Timah .......0005 Da 45 Hoid inh. is case ean 47 ,, TB ea ahaceny ts oatict ee Tasmania: South-east Australia. a. Several spec.: ¢ & yg. Tasmania. a 3 Q. Tasmania. C. Darwin, tae | caypes) 7 rn Tasmania. Lord Derby [P. |. e;, f, g-h. SQ. Tasmania. R. Gunn, Hsq. | P. ]. in. 3,9, & yg. Tasmania. Dr. Millinger [P.]. es Tasmania. G. Krefft, “Esq, [ iPS. sf ap Port Denison. G. Krefft, Bs abe q-s. 3. Sydney. J. B. Jukes, sq aos ; Australia. Sir J. iphaniens oy 390 . AGAMID 2, uu os Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. v. Several spec., 2 & yg. P we. Q. —? Sir A. Smith [P.]. (Types of Agama celaticeps.) 13. Amphibolurus muricatus. Grammatophora muricata, Gray, Cat. p. 251. Lacerta muricata, White, Journ. N.S, Wales, App. p. 244, pl. xxxi. fig. 1; Shaw, Zool. iii. p. 211, pl. lxv. fig. 2. Agama muricata, Daud. Sept. iii. p. 391. jacksoniensis, Kuhl, Beitr. Zool. Vergl. Anat. p. 113; Guérin, Icon. R. A., Rept. pl. iii. Gzammatophora muricata, Kaup, Isis, eh p. 621; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 47 Amphibolurus muricatus, Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p- 17; Girard, U. 8. Explor. Exped., Herp, p. 414. — maculiferus, Girard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 198, and U. 8S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 417. Habit moderate. Head rather elongate, snout longer than the diameter of the orbit; canthus rostralis angular ; nostril equally distant from the eye and the end of the snout; tympanum measur- ing nearly half the diameter of the orbit; upper head-scales strongly keeled ; back of head and borders of the ty mpanum with small spines. Sides of neck strongly plicate ; a more or less distinct dorso-lateral fold, frequently disappearing altogether in the adult. Gular scales a little smaller than ventrals, feebly keeled. Body moderately de- pressed, covered above with very irregular small keeled scales inter- mixed with very numerous, enlarged, strongly keeled, spinose scales, some of which form regular series along the back; a low serrated vertebral ridge or crest; ventral scales feebly keeled, shortly mucro- nate. Limbs moderately elongate, the adpressed hind limb reaching the eye or between the latter and the tympanum; limbs with strongly keeled scales of unequal size. Femoral pores three or four on each side, not extending beyond the proximal half of the thigh ; preanal pores two on each side. Tail round, twice or more than twice as long as head and body, covered above with strongly keeled scales of unequal size. Brown above, with a series of angular darker spots along the middle of the back; sometimes a lighter band along each side of the latter ; lower surfaces lighter brown, uniform or indistinctly spotted with darker. otal length .....5..5%% 307 millim. ROU citcicic Wee awa 20 Width of head ........ >. ee Sree honors fo. POORSUIEAD ss sve aoa és r 4 ee MERE PEND ete esis a tosis TO: - cas BENG 5 5c eg kwh aes Boos. 2 Australia and Tasmania. a Australia. Capt. White [P.]. (Type. b Q. Australia. Last Derby py CaN 21. AMPHTBOLURUS. 391 c. Hgr. Australia. J. Hunter, Esq. [P.]. d-f. Yg. Australia. Pi bs Scinter, Ys fi J g. 3. . Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. ht. BQ. Australia. k-o. 3, 2,& hgr. West Australia. Mr. Gilbert [C.]. pt. 3. Sydney. J. B. Jukes, Esq. [P.]. % G.- Sydney. G. Krefft, Esq. P. se Melbourne. G. Krefft, Esq. w. Tasmania. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. 14. Amphibolurus barbatus. Grammatophora barbata, Gray, Cat. p. 252. Agama barbata, Cuv. R. A. 2nd ed. ii. p. 35; Duvern. R. A., Rept. pl. xiv. fig. 1. . i a ph een barbata, Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 621; Dum. & Bibr. - iy. p. 478; Gray, Zool. Erebus & Terror, Rept. pl. xviii. fig. 1. Amphibolurus barbatus, Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 7. Habit stout. Head large, swollen at the sides; snout a little longer than the diameter of the orbit, with angular canthus rostralis ; nostril large, directed backwards, nearly equally distant from the eye and the end of the snout; tympanum nearly half the diameter of the orbit ; upper head-scales keeled, largest on the snout; a trans- verse series of larger scales borders the head posteriorly, forming a right angle with another series above the ear. Sides of neck with group of spines ; no distinct dorso-lateral fold. Gular scales as large as ventrals, feebly keeled, more or less strongly mucronate, sometimes produced into spines. -Body much depressed ; scales on the middle of the back largest, unequal, keeled, the enlarged ones sometimes forming transverse series ; on the sides, the scales almost granular and intermixed with numerous erect conical spines ; ventral scales feebly keeled. Limbs, and especially digits, short; the adpressed hind limb reaches the axilla or the shoulder ; four or five femoral and two or three preeanal pores on each side. ‘Tail round, depressed at the base, once and a half to twice as long as head and body, above with large unequal strongly keeled or spinose scales forming more or less regular cross series. Brown above, uniform or with symmetrical darker markings; usually a black spot on each side of the neck; lower surfaces brown or brownish, uniform or with lighter or darker spots ; the throat blackish in the adult male. TOPARSQUBUL 360.0 et aaa ene: 530 millim. TIBGUE Pas sa Licensee: x it CT re Width CC h6GG. oc an us ee eek OR. 5 Ody Agnes G teers es eka. ee ae HOG: B55 6 a5 oh evn tess O25, PATE MEMES occ acrane eae Sb aes’ 123) ds ALS od sane eNie CA ase eaten ane 300 Sia, Australia. a. Her. Queensland. b. 2 Sydney. Hr. R. Schiitte [C.]. ce. Hgr. Sydney. J. B. Jukes, Esq. [ P.]. 392 AGAMIDA. Gn eh Cook River, near G. Krefft, Esq. Sydney. B20 West Australia. G. F. Moore, Esq. [P.]. F-9, h-1, k-l. Agr. West Australia. & yg. a ped 2. Swan River. Capt. G. Grey [P.]. p-r, su, v. Her. & yg. Swan River. Q. w. Houtman’sAbrolhos. Mr. Gilbert [C.]. zx. Hgr. go. Houtman’s Abrolhos, J. Gould, Esq. [C.]. y 2. Nicol Bay, North- Mr. Duboulay [C.]. west Australia. z. Her. Champion Bay, Mr. Duboulay [C. ]. _N.W. Australia. a. dc. N.W. Australia. Haslar Collection. Bp: Xe. N.W. Australia. y Her. 3. Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. d-¢. Ye. Australia, Lord Derby [ P.}. n Yg. Australia. Capt. Stokes [C. |. 6, 1, k-vA. dS & her. Australia. p. Ad., stuffed. Australia. A. Cunningham, Esq. [P.}. v. Ad., stuffed. Australia. &. Skeleton. Australia. Sir A. Smith [P.]. 22. TYMPANOCRYPTIS. Tympanocryptis, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1863, p. 230. Tympanum hidden. Body depressed, covered above with hetero- geneous scales. No dorsal crest. No gular sac; a strong trans- verse gular fold. Tail round. A preanal pore on each side, sometimes absent in the female; no femoral pores. Australia. 1. Tympanocryptis lineata. Tympanocryptis lineata, Peters, 1. e. Habit very stout. Head short; nostril nearer the eye than the tip of the snout ; upper head-scales moderately large, very strongly keeled, with slightly enlarged ones on the occiput. Dorsal scales very strongly keeled, the enlarged ones nail-shaped, raised, not or scarcely mucronate; gular and ventral scales indistinctly keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the shoulder or the neck. Tail rather slender, covered with very strongly keeled scales, not more than once and a half the length of head and body. Brownish above, with regular darker transverse spots, and five interrupted longitu- dinal light lines, three on the back and one on each side; limbs and tail with dark bars, fis Ce ae 122 millim LCS" OE rer eer ener ae 18. Width of head ........ 14 MM hs oo oda 43 a, 22. TYMPANOCRYPTIS.—23. DIPOROPHORA. 393 Fore limb ....... eaters 23 millim. ESE LITA. oes bs ue RATES cS A MRE 5: 2s a,'d! as w abaeetawies 64 ,, South Australia. at, 32. South Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. [P.]. 7 et Kangaroo Island. 2. Tympanocryptis cephalus. (Prate XXXT. fig. 1.) 16 eae cephalus, Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (8) xx. 1867, p. 52. : Differs from the preceding in the following characters :—Nostril much nearer the eye than the tip of the snout; upper head-scales larger, less strongly keeled ; large flat tubercles on the occiput. Dorsal scales rather feebly keeled, the enlarged ones strongly mucronate and spinose. Brown above, with more or less indistinct darker cross bands on the body and limbs, the one across the neck being darkest; tail with dark bars separated by narrow light interspaces. Total length ........ 133. millim. BRGAI aloe eRoce ey aes i ia Width of head ...... 1b <5 BOOS ok si bea ke iets 45 4, Fore lnib! occas 29 Fist DGD oo ick os 40 ,, RE Cee, erence vd oe North-west Australia. a-b. 2 & yg. Nicol Bay. Mr. Duboulay [C.]. (Types.) 23. DIPOROPHORA. Diporophora, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 58, and Cat. Liz. p. 250, Gindalia, Gray, Cat. p. 246. Calotella, Sted. Novara, Rept. p. 28. Tympanum distinct. Body slightly depressed. No dorsal crest. No gular sac; gular fold present or absent. Tail round. One or two preanal pores on each side, sometimes absent in the female; no femoral pores. Australia. Synopsis of the Species. No transverse gular fold ................4. 1. bilineata, p. 394. A gular fold; tail twice as long as-head and RR 87 a'ss Siecere-alte Od 4 Cosh WEA We MaMa d Sty bres 2. australis, p. 394. A gular fold; tail slightly longer than head SOURS hie etka Die ee een Ue ces oe 3. bennett, p. 395. 394 é; AGAMIDZ, 1. Diporophora bilineata. Diporophora bilineata, Gray, Cat. Fr. 250. Diporophora bilineata, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 54, and Zool. Erebus § Terr., Rept. pl. xix. fig. 1. Grammatophora calotella, Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (3) xx. 1867, p. 52. Amphibolurus (Diporophora) bilineatus, Peters 8 Doria, Ann, Mus. enov. xiii. 1878, p. 384. Head moderately large, with distinct canthus rostralis, above with equal sharply keeled scales ; nostril nearly equally distant from the eye and tip of the snout; tympanum rather large. A slight oblique fold on each side of the neck, but no transverse gular fold. Dorsal scales strongly keeled, the keels forming regular straight longitudinal series, uniform or more usually with longitudinal series of enlarged ones forming ridges along the back ; gular and ventral scales strongly keeled. Limbs and digits rather elongate ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the tympanum or the eye. Tail twice to twice and two thirds the length of head and body. Colour as variable as the dorsal lepidosis ; upper parts greyish, brownish, or reddish, uniform or with more or less distinct angular darker spots; frequently two or three light bands along the back. Total longth® 6:6 64s 260 millim. PEG uo ac ak wate es a0. Width of head ........ 14. ,, WOUY casi vigttis A ek nw Uy POSE AUD eras a teues's 4 Beer Bs 1s A a ee eo oS It Se screech dine w Seale e E90. North Australia. a-b. SQ. Cape York. a. Port Darwin. R.G.S. Buckland, Esq.[C. ]. d-e. 3. Port Essington. Mr. Gilbert od (Types.) I-9. S. Port Essington. Mr. Gilbert [C.}. h. Q. Port Essington. B. Bynoe, Esq. pk i. 9. Port Essington. Lord Derby [P.]. k-l. 3 & her. N. Australia. J. R. Elsey, aa [P} m. Hgr. ss Bay, N.W. Aus- Mr. Duboulay [C.]. tralia. n.d. Australia. Sir J. Richardson [P.]. o-p,g. dQ. Australia. Haslar Collection. oe tae Australia. 2. Diporophora australis. Calotella australis, Steind. Novara, Rept. p. 29, pl. i. fig. 9. Grammatophora macrolepis, Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H, (8) xx. 1867, p. 51. Very closely allied to the preceding, and apparently equally variable in the dorsal lepidosis, and to be distinguished only by the presence of a gular fold. The dorsal scales are subequal in specimen a; 23. DIPOROPHORA.— 24. PHYSIGNATHUS. 395 ridges of enlarged scales are present in specimen 6. ‘ Brownish or pale olive above, with two series of dark spots along the back and tail; specimen a with a large black spot on each side of the neck. North Australia. a 9. Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. [P.]. (Type of Grammatophora macrolepis.) b. Ss. [New Guinea and Islands. | 3. Diporophora bennettii. (Puarz XXXII. fig. 2.) Gindalia bennettii, Gray, Cat. p. 247. Head moderately large, with obtuse canthus rostralis, covered above with equal sharply keeled scales; nostril equally distant from the eye and the tip of the snout; tympanum half the diameter of the orbit. A transverse gular fold. Dorsal scales strongly keeled, equal, about as large as the head-scales, the keels forming pretty regular longitudinal series ; gular and ventral scales strongly keeled, smaller than dorsals. Limbs moderate, digits short ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the neck. Tail a little longer than head and body. Olive-brown above, with very indistinct darker cross bars on the limbs and tail. otal: longtli-, 3342.24.08" 119 millim. FIORE Nob WG aenwe en ifs ere Width of head) ic cs sane. Baa ay BOGS wisi ada Sas. wie Snipes oO % BSPO-UIO a reo’ ee A FING TURD soot Sew tis 3 MERA 2 colons a coats ee ea es Cao 5s North-west Australia. 7 N.W. Australia. Sir J. Richardson [P.]. (Type.) 24. PHYSIGNATHUS*. Physignathus, Cuv. R. A. 2nd ed. ii. p. 41; Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 151; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 14; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 49; Gray, Cat. p. 248; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 152. Istiurus, part., Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 376. Lophognathus, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 53, and Cat. p. 250. Istiurus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 49. Redtenbacheria, Steind. Novara, Rept. p. 31. Tympanum distinct. Body more or less compressed. Nuchal and dorsal crests present. No gular sac; a strong transverse gular fold. Tail round or more or less compressed. Toes not lobate. Femoral pores present, at least in the male. , Australia and Papuasia; Siam and Cochinchina. * Lophognathus lateralis, Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.8. W. ii. 1877, p.103.— Katow, New Guinea. 396 AGAMID 2, Synopsis of the Species. I. Tail round or feebly compressed, not crested. A. Keels of the upper dorsal scales forming parallel lines with the dorsal crest. Nostril a little nearer the orbit than the — Hip ok the Qnogh: 6 ina eevee dow 6s 1. gilberti, p. 396. B. Keels of the upper dorsal scales obliquely directed towards the vertebral line. Nostril a little nearer the orbit than the tip of the snout; gular scales very PORUIY ROIS 66s wien aul hers BG ce 2. longirostris, p. 397. Nostril a little nearer the tip of the snout than the orbit; gular scales very feebly ROURE Fs auras ay ate eens ors aaa as 3. temporalis, p. 397. Nostril equally distant from the orbit and the tip of the snout; gular scales RELGHE TY ROBIBC. 25. o.o tin i'e'e'e'y ws 00's 4, maculilabris, p. 398. II. Tail strongly compressed, crested. Dorsal scales intermixed with enlarged UDEE OB go parc sre es aha ene 5. lesueurit, p. 398. Dorsal scales equal; a series of six or seven shields along each side of the PSO Sera ke recs es etl Sate ence ws 6. cochinchinensis, p. 399. Dorsal scales equal; a series of eleven shields along each side of the throat.. 7. mentager, p. 400. 1. Physignathus gilberti. Lophognathus gilberti, part., Gray, Cat. p. 250. Lophognathus gemey Gray, Zool. "Mise. 53, jae Zool. Erebus & err., Rept. pl. xix. fig. 2; Gtinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (3) xx. 1867, p-81; Bouwleng. Ann. § Mag. N. H., (5) xii. 1883, p. 225, Redtenbacheria fasciata, Steind. Novara, Rept. p. 31. Grammatophora temporalis, part., Giinth. 1. ¢. p. 52. Head rather elongate ; snout not longer than the distance between the orbit and the posterior border of the tympanum; nostril a little nearer the orbit than the tip of the snout; tympanum half the diameter of the orbit; cheeks swollen, with a few small erect spines ; upper head-scales strongly keeled, rather large on the snout and between the orbits, minute on the back of the head. Gular scales equal, imbricate, feebly keeled, slightly enlarged on the sides of the jaw. Dorsal scales imbricate, keeled, the median ones largest, with the keels forming straight continuous series parallel with the vertebral line ; the scales on the sides directed upwards and back- wards; nuchal and dorsal crests a small serrated ridge; ventral scales strongly keeled, a little smaller than the largest dorsals. Limbs long; the adpressed hind limb reaches the tip of the snout or between the latter point and the orbit. Two to four femoral and 24, PHYSIGNATHUS. 397 two or three preanal pores on each side. Tail slightly compressed in the adult male, not crested, the scales on the lower surface not larger than those on the upper. Olive-brown above, head and sides darker ; a broad light band along upper and lower lip; a light band along each side of the back; young with dark cross bars. Total length .......... 468 millim BRODER AS chokes shoo raeraes ee Width of head ........ aos; Body ..... a seaie ss eraretale 84 (a, Bare POND ahd sin Sodas 50 C=» PRIA bs qrtcitaioauas 10G. = GL Patt aie ere Mes S40: 4, Australia. ao. Port Essington. Sir J. Richardson [P.]. (Type.) b. Yg. Nicol Bay. Mr. Duboulay [C.]. (One of the types of Grammatophora temporalis.) e Yg. N. Australia. J. R. Elsey, Esq. | P.]. df. 3. ~ Swan River. Mr. Dring [C. ]. 2. Physignathus longirostris. (Piarz XXXI. fig. 3.) Lophognathus longirostris, Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (5) xii. 18838, p. 225. Differs from the preceding in the following points :—Snout longer than the distance between the orbit and the posterior border of the tympanum. Dorsal scales all obliquely directed upwards; ventral scales as large as dorsals. Five to eight femoral and two or three preanal pores on each side. Olive or reddish brown above; a light band bordering the lower lip, and another along each side of the back. Total length .......... 372 millim. OG sc ted cas cues ry re Width of head ........ o Bs ees OOD hicrat We Wiican 100 8 : Wore Hmb f.s 50s oe A: 3) Bing Tab: is hs she cas SO. 5, PRNAR sd BS tor poe ae Bie «ss North-west Australia. a, 2. Champion Bay. Mr. Duboulay [C.}. b-c. Hgr. Nicol Bay. Mr. Duboulay bot (Types) 3. Physignathus temporalis. (Prarz XXXI. fig. 4.) Lophognathus gilberti, part., Gray, Cat. p. 250. Grammatophora temporalis, part., Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (3) xx. 1867, p. 52. Lophognathus labialis, Bouleng. Ann. § May. N. H. (5) xii. 1883, p- 226. 398 AGAMID2, Differs from P. gilberti in the following points :—Nostril a little nearer the tip of the snout than the orbit. Dorsal scales all obliquely directed upwards ; ventral scales larger than dorsals. Two femoral and two preanal pores on each side. Reddish brown above, head darker; more or less distinct dark cross bands on the back ; a light ie bordering the upper lip and another along each side of the ack. Total length (tail broken) 215 millim. OOO ieee ee eek BB; Width of head ........ i ee BOGOF «9 si\ers sieve pees 6B Wore DMB gg hes 42° 5. PANY ances poset 84, North Australia. a2 Port Essington, Lord Derby [P.]. (Type.) a Port Essington. Sir J. Richardson {P. }. Types of Lophogna- ce. 3, bad state. Port Essington. Mr. Gilbert [C.]. thus labialis. 4, Physignathus maculilabris. Lophognathus maculilabris, Bouleng. Ann. §& Mag, N. H. (5) xii. 1883, p. 226, and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1883, p. 386, pl. xli. Differs from P. gilberti in the following points :—Nostril equally distant from the eye and the tip of the snout. Gular scales strongly keeled. Dorsal scales all obliquely directed upwards; ventral scales slightly larger than dorsals. No pores( 9). Upper surfaces olive, with blackish transverse markings across the back, tail, and limbs ; a broad blackish band from orbit to tympanum, bordered inferiorly by a light band extending to above the fore limb ; lips light-coloured, variegated with blackish; lower surfaces whitish, dotted all over with blackish. Total length .......... 388 millim MOBS Vere teaes lobe Be: "43 Width of head ........ iy sae Body .95 00st evsves ee. ‘a Fore limb 53 c26isss. 46 ,, Find DMD 50.36 50 e655 y4 21) Erne cea ee oe 290. ,, Timor Laut. a-b. 9. Timor Laut. H. O. Forbes, Esq. [C.]. (Types.) 5. Physignathus lesueurii. Physignathus lesueurii, Gray, Cat, p. 248. Lophura lesueuril, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix., Syn. p. 60, Istiurus lesueurii, Dum. § Bbr. p. 384, pl. xl. 24, PHYSIGNATHUS. 399 Amphibolurus heterurus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1866, p. 86. Physignathus lesueurii, Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (8) xx. 1867, p. 51. Head moderately elongate, large and thick in the male; snout slightly longer than the diameter of the orbit; nostril nearer the end of the snout than the orbit ; canthus rostralis, supraciliary and supraorbital borders forming slight ridges; tympanum half the diameter of the orbit; upper head-scales very small, very strongly keeled; occiput and temple with numerous conical and compressed tubercles. Gular scales subimbricate, indistinctly keeled, inter- mixed on the sides with enlarged suboval tubercles forming irregular longitudinal series; some of the hindermost of these tubercles conical; a row of slightly enlarged shields on each side, parallel with the infralabials. Nuchal crest composed of a few triangular compressed spines; dorsal crest a serrated ridge. Dorsal scales minute, granular or subimbricate, keeled, intermixed with enlarged, roundish, keeled tubercles forming irregular transverse series; ventral scales larger than dorsals, imbricate, keeled. Limbs long, ’ scaled like the back; the adpressed hind limb reaches between the eye and the end of the snout. Sixteen to twenty-two femoral pores oneach side. Tail strongly compressed, crested like the back, twice and a half as long as the body ; superolateral scales very small, inter- mixed at the base of the tail with enlarged tubercles; lower scales larger. Dark olive above, with darker and lighter cross bands; a broad black band from the eye to above the shoulder, involving the tympanum ; belly pale olive, dotted with black ; throat with black longitudinal lines in the young. Total length.) bitwise aces 466 millim TOR ch os eek oes ka 46 ,, Width of head ........ 2 ere OGY scarp orn ns.3 120 ,, Pore MD 3.55 ve ares BO, 45 FRING HOD yo cvs oe eccas 150 _—,, Tail (reproduced) ...... 300s, Queensland. a,b, Adult, stuffed. Australia. c-d,e. Q & yg. Australia. G. Krefft, Esq. FE@: <6 2. Australia. 6. Physignathus cochinchinensis. Physignathus concinnus, Gray, Cat. p. 248. Physignathus concinnus, Cuv. R, A. 2nd ed. ii. p. 41. Istiurus cochinchinensis, Guérin, Icon. R. A., Rept. ee ix. fig. 2. Lophura concinna, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix., Syn. p. 60. cuvieri, Gray, J. ¢. Istiurus physignathus, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 387. Physignathus cochinchinensis, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 158, 400 AGAMIDZ, The chief difference between this species and the following appears to be the greater number of lateral or molar teeth (eighteen on each side in each jaw) and the presence of only six or seven shields along each side of the throat. In other respects, both forms are very similar. Cochinchina. 7. Physignathus mentager. Dilophyrus mentager, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 188. Physignathus mentager, Giinth. Rept. B. Ind. p. 158, pl. xv. Head moderately elongate; snout slightly longer than the diameter of the orbit ; canthus rostralis well marked; nostril nearer the end of the snout than the orbit; tympanum one third the diameter of the orbit; upper head-scales minute, granular, keeled, a little enlarged on canthus rostralis and supraorbital border. Eleven molar teeth on each side of the upper jaw, and twelve in the lower. Gular scales, large juxtaposed granules, unequal on the sides ; three or four of the posterior lateral ones largest and conical; a series of eleven large shields on each side, parallel with the infralabials. Nuchal crest composed of lanceolate spines, which are very long in the adult male, short in the half-grown, supported by a fold of the skin covered with granular scales; dorsal crest formed of similar spines, a little lowered above the shoulders, but continuous with the nuchal. Dorsal scales equal, minute, granular, feebly keeled ; ventral seales larger, imbricate, smooth. Limbs long, covered with minute, slightly imbricate, keeled scales; the adpressed hind limb reaches between the orbit and the tip of the snout. Five pores under the basal part of each thigh. Tail strongly compressed, about twice and a half the length of head and body, crested above, the crest as much developed as, but not continuous with, the dorsal ; lower caudal scales enlarged and strongly keeled. Green, a little lighter inferiorly ; rather indistinct, narrow oblique lighter bands down each side of the body; enlarged gular shields and tubercles whitish ; tail with dark-brown annuli. The largest specimen measures 23 centim. from snout to vent, and the tail measures 55 centim. The following measurements are taken from the smaller specimen :— Potal length 1: . 5 s2.5 5 550 millim OS ER re gar a ee Width of head ........ i! OO os wk ws hie aye oak hate AD. 4, PO ATA 6 i5s.5'5 8d bee TO. ri . L2 - . . i : a ' Fi 5 ‘ . : ' ~ | ; ~ 5 3 * a : - . : BRIT. MUS.N.H. yg iaw |B 5 + i 4 + 4 3 3 $i 2 * ai 2 > 2 .&. rs £ © ‘ ry Y * Poe fat bth he DOP SEE RECO ERIS OS R.Mimtern del et lith. ? 1.Rhynchoeedura ornata, —_&. Plenopus garrulus. 3. Teratoscincus scncus. 4. Ceramodactylus dorize. 5.Chondrodactylus anguliféer. Mintern Bros . imp. a 1 —— a J 7 ) iia a A MS = a) _* © ‘ ~~ — me 4 ced - ae ey BRIT.MUS.N.H. PTT CLT Leek 43 5. Ta. R-Mntern del et ith. Mintern Bros .imp. 1. Stenodactytus orientalis. 2. Stenodactylus guttatus. 3.Stenodactylus son. ‘4. Stenodactylus petersw. 5. Alsophylace pypiens. 6. Homonota whit . 7.Homonota darwintt - 6. Alurosaurus felinius . BRIT. MUS. N.H. PU.IV. R Mintern del et lith. Wintern Bros imp. 1. Gymnodactylus nebulosus. 2. Gymnodactylus jeyporensis. BRIT. MUS.N.H. PL.V. i.Mintern del et hth. Vintern Bros. imp. | 1. Gonatodes ocellatus: «. Gonatodes caudiscutatus. 3.Gonatodes humeralis 4. Gonatodes kendallit . BRIT.MUS.N.H. ‘PO. Vie R.Mintern del et. lith. Mintern Bros.imp. 1. Gonatodes indicus. &.Gonatodes wynadensts. 3.Gonatodes ornatius. 4.Gonatodes marmoratias. 5.Gonatodes granlis. 6, Gonatodes littoralis . BRIT.MUS.N.H. PU. VI. 4a i ep i et hth pee aneti,johannis 3.Phyllodacty popuerge 4. Phyllodactylus atfinis . 5. Phyllodactylus porphyreis . 6. Phyllodactylus marmoratus. PU. VHT. BRIT. MUS.N .H. Mintern Bros .imp. 4. Diplodactyluus polyophthalmus. 2, Diplodactylus 3. Diplodactylus steindachneri.6Diplodactylus tesselatius . 1 Ebenavia boetgeri . dactylis vittatus . P. Smit del et lith, 3. Diplo BRIT.MUS.N.H. Pleo IX, J.Smit del et lith Mintern Bros .imp. 1. Edura ocellata. &. Edura marmorata. BRIT.MUS.N.H. PU. X. R.Mintern del et lith. Minter Bros . isp. L. dura robusta. 2 Edura lesueuari. 3. Catodacty lus auras. pg boa 5 ae 2b eee Mintern Bros.imp. PlMGnterrt del et ith. 1. Thecadactvlus australis. 2. Hemidactylius reticulatus . 3. Hemidactylus echunus, 4. Hemidactylus tasciaius. PUXIL. BRIT.MUS.N.H. wruigw. Mmtern Bros v. tylius bo gu udloue 2. Hem L Hemidactylus stellatas. 3.Hemidactylus richardsonw. 4. Pero R.Mintérn. del et lith. BRIT.MUS.N.H. Smit del et /lith.. Mintern Bros im : * Spathoscalabotes mutilatus. 2. Microscalabotes vane: J 3. Lepidodactylus ceylonensis . 4. Lepidodactylus aurantiacus . 5. Lepidodactylus pulcher. 6. Lepiclodactylus celurus . BRIT MUS.N.E. PGS XT: . Smit del et lith. i; Hoplodactylus maciilatus , & var. *. Hoplodactylus anamallensis . 3. Naultinus elegans. BRIT. MUS.N.H. PU. XV. ?. Smit del et Lith. Mintern Bros. imp. 1. Hoplodactylus granulatus. 2. Luperosaurus cumingw. BRIT. MUS.N.H. ' Puen. R.Mintern del et lith. Mirtern Bros -imp. LTarentola ephippiata. 2. Fachydaetulis formesis . 3.Pachydactylius oshoughnessyt. 4. Pachydactylius macilatus . 0. Facdydactylus mentomarginatus. 0. Pachydacylus mariquensis. BRIT. MUS.N.H. PUAVIT. tee poy 5 oF = 8, e R.Mintern ‘de..et lith A Mintern Bros . imp Phelsuma newton. Pu. XVM. R.Vintern. del et ith. Mmitern Bros .imp. 1.Phelsuma lineatum. 2. Spherodactylus nigropunctadus . 3. Spherrodacylus glancus. 4. Spherodactylius cxyrrhimis . 5 .Spherodactylas argus. 0. Spherodactylus richardsonii. “aera ‘chat Souq uae par “XIX * 1d ae Pe Bathe “SYD yUaWdo wueyepayd&Ly URL SP was Y BRIT.MUS.N.H. PU AK. P. Smit del et lith Mintern Bros .imp. 1. Draco retieulatus. 2. Draco guentheri. 3.Draco evereti. 4.Draco cornutuws. 5. Draco rostratus. 6 Drace bimaculatus . 7. Draco blanfordi. 8&8. Draco quinguetius Lan. ‘ sg dntswoqunr snqnydes0 Mor) “WNT 3 JSP wasTAIPL Ey ‘dit: soug useyuryAy XX Ad SEINE SGA Leer: BRIT. MUS.N.H. PU XAT. RD af Sn 4 BS, nS y R Mintern del et hth. Mintern Bros.imp. L.Acanthosaura armata,, — 2. Acanthosaura crucagern . 3, Acanthosoura lamnidentata. “LOhOUL MUMSOYUDIY” © “LOUNUL DUMMISOYYUDIP * & “ANUP sndinne 'T * dunt “sodgq UcdeyUyyy UF, 7 Pp vas Y ws . REE “‘WIXX 1d ANS pyposuopriod marpodo 7 ‘no poborwa nnrryodoy? T “dust ° soag uaequyy ‘UWA ye [sp Useparyy yy Pe > TE, PO ie é ru NE AIXY 1d . z TNS ONAL at BRIT. MUS.N.H. PU. XXV. R.Mmtern del et lith ‘ af Mintern Bros. imp. L.Codotes emuna . 2. Calotes loleprs. 3. Calotes eliotty . PU. XXVI. Mintern Bros. imp. Calotes locephalus . BRIT. MUS.N.H. Pe Smut delet skth= Pl... S001. BRIT. MUS .N.H.- br et tl yess (Toe ae ame om Oh ae: ot a a * Ss J Mintern Bros. imp. brunnea . ue Chelose P. Smit del et lith. YrY nub umxyog oumby~T ‘dun: soug useputyy MAM 2s1SR! Aid. ‘HN ‘SOW ' Lida “TMAXX Vd PU. XXIX. peda. BRIT. MUS # 4 22P Mintern Bros. imp. camdicnctts . vi -Amphibolurus cristatus. P. Smit del et lith. BRIT. MUS. N.H: B27 8ooC ry. : ibtcaas Lan) aks ect ani i¢ 3 a) 4 $ By @ *s, . imp. Mintern Bros 2. Amphibolurus pulcherrumus P. Smit del et lith. LS . 3. Amphibolurus pallu L.Amphibolurus reticulatas. PU. XXXI. BRIT.MUS.N.H. Mintern Bros.1mp. longurostrus. 2.Diporophora b ws 4.P. anocryptis cephalus. nathius temporalis . Sica heads P. Smit del et lith. Pl. BRIT.MUS.N.H. Minterr. Bros . imp. P. Smit del et lith. Uromastio, loricatus . oo a ee 7 ma nen = ar taro Pann i * = oe BINDING SECT. APR 221970 QL British Museum (Natural Histor; 666 Dept. of Zoology L2B9 Catalogue of the lizards 1885 vee iol rtoal dical PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY if ABER ae ¢ a La Hi fer wey tee aes path Ai Cpe igh eh SH tie ere tlt ANG, ow i na ies ai Ne Y i mb oft yeah ay " Heh iv on ail i mgt, ais a MNES 0) ae air et ‘en ee “eres rey: i ae ies Heatano hel aw an date aN nen fi is PERL, ati hes ae a aun aye i eet ait ; eae afer AOE hae i depen a obit: if ly * G r fae 34 +. 4 BUG? Fone sf 9 ae > chee HY, A oleae iy yrash Ke? pin ye Beale ‘ee Le aa Ath ni AN} WEE rile ai ‘i Utes Feit 9 att ne 7 +) ea ae i why f ite ; oe Rita Mi Ura SN U i} ies.) tal: K 7 0 ‘ ' Ae ny see