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HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

RAB RAk Y
OF THE
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.
18,090
Mba dyatl low es
Daj tinndes, 20, /902-

ts of AAs

limen
je

th the
th

1

m1

Co
1e Co

ve.

The following OR es rar thet rcs Sink eS
formations of North America i is aed BCG fered as the opinians of sue write
studies upon these forms of life.

question the reference of these extinct forms to the See
includes the still more doubtful group of PHYTODICTUONIDA. ae
It is the writers intention to review all that has been writt
forms in Europe and North America; to illustrate many new
not previously mentioned, and practically provide a compenditm
known upon the subject, to date. : 12h =
The list of Bad and Doubtful genera and species, with | a “0

North America are burdened.
‘The recipients of this Catalogue are Setias vested to ;
. writer of any and all errors or omissions. *

March 1, 1895.

ot rd

20

1902

a = Eee al a) eS Bal

Archzeocyathus Minganensis.
Nipterella paradoxica.
Trichospongia sericea.
Eospongia Roemeri

rf varians.

~Trachyum cyathiforme.

Brachiospongia digitata.
Anthaspidella manimulata.
florifera.
parvistellata?
DY scutula,
Zittelella typicalis.
lobata.
ie subrotunda.
Oncosella catinum.
Anomoclonella Zitteli.
Chiastoclonella Headi.
Pycnopegma pileum.
Hindia fibrosa.
Astreeospongia meniscus.
Climacospongia radiata.
Aulocopina Granti.
elongata.
* expansa.
Paleeomanon cratera.
3B cantharium.
a cylix.
Astylospongia preeniorsa.
incisa.
castanea.
AY Roemeri?
. bullifera.

pleuriexcavata.

ch Conwentzi.
Ly sororcula.

as platy basis.
ue Canadense.

Astrosphiera stellatin-sulcata.

distortiim.
“b multistellata.
rs centripetalis.
balantium.
a lecythium?
Sticholobia inciso-lobata.
yf glandulosum.
spicata.

ae

quasi-sphericalis.

AREA eS renee
Recognized Palveozoic Sponges of North America.

Billings.
Hinde.
Billings.

Marsh.
Ulrich.

ic

Rauff.
Rauff.

ia

Duncan.
Rcemer.
Hinde.
Billings.
WIA ISE

ne S.
Roemer
Rauff, sp.

Roemer.

Hinde.
Rauff.

Reemier, sp.

Rauff, sp.
n. sp.

Rauff, sp.

aemer, sp.

Rauff, sp.
n. sp.

1865.

1889.

1865.

1867.
1891.

1875
Of):

1860.
1594.

1560.
rS6r.
1883.
1894.

1595.

1548.

189}.
1895.

1594.
1845.

1894.
1895.

1395.
Mingan Islands.

ce

Calcif. Group.

Chazy .

Quebec " re 2

Trenton ws: Frankfort, Ky.
es HY Dixon, Illinois.

Up. Sil. Hainilton, Ont.

Low and Up. Sil.
Upper Sil.

Yennessee.

Upper Sil.

Upper Sil.

TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS.

Page 1—-3rd line.

Ioth ‘
Page 4—6th line.
Page 5—4th line.
Page 6—Ist line.

“Page 7—2nd line from bottom. Correct to read Ferd. Roemer.

Insert 1861 in column of dates.

Correct to read Paleozoic.

Palceozoic should be Palzozoic.
Insert Tennessee next below Hamilton, Ont.

Dictyospongidce should be Dictyospongide.

“Ee as Ga ee NC ee eo eee

List of Genera and Species described in American Publications.

*Receptaculites circularis. Emmons. 1855.
occidentalis, Salter 1859.
australis. 7 -
sulcata. Owen, sp. 1861.

“ Jonesii Billings. 1865

ty globularis. Meek & W. 1868.
subturbinatus. Hall. 1879.

i. infundibuliformis. ‘ 1887.
Selenoides Iowensis. D. D. Owen. 1852.

Ischadites tessellatus. W. & Marcy 1861.

ot Canadensis. Billings. 1863.
Calathium formosum. ay 1865.
affine. ce
Anstedi.
See elegantulum. . “
= Bridgeportensis. nov. sp. 1895.

a

cornua-copiz

obconicalis. :
Sphzerospongia tessellatus. Pengelly, sp. 1861.
Acanthochonia Barrandei. Hinde. 1884.
Marceivia Chicagoensis. 1. Po0 Ne Soe Aegh-

oe

*The Belgian genus Receptaculites Neptuni.
The American genus most closely allied to it, is globular.

not been found in North America.

- Galena, I[llinois.

Galena, Illinois. Amer. Geology, Vol. I.
Pauquette’s Rapids, Can.Org. Remains. Dec!
Varradoug, NeS. We +: 225 heap
Geol. Wis., Vol. I.

Gaspé, Quebec. Pal. Foss., Vol. I.

Scales’ Mound, [1]. Geol. Surv. Ill., Vol. III.
Waldron, Ind. Geol. Sur. Ind , Vol. XI.
Schoharie N Y Pal: N.-Y., VolVie
Turkey River, Iowa. Geol. Sur. Wis, Iowa

and Minn.

Chicago, Ill.
Esquesing, Ontario.
Cape Norman, N. F. Pal.

Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. I.
Geol. Can., p. 209.
Foss. Vol. I.

Schooner Island, N. F. ‘ oe Baer
Mingan Islands. #
Chicago, Illinois.
Devonshire, England. Geoiogist, Vol. IV.
Bubowitz, Bohemia. Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc. 40
Chicago, Illinois.

De France, 1827, (Neptune’s bowl.) has

The Belgian fossil is in the shape of a piatter or flat dish. Hence, the use of ‘the word is
erroneous when applied to North American formsof the Family.

Genera and Species mentioned in European Publications, usually
referred to as belonging to the Receptaculitide.

Receptaculites Neptuni. De France.

orbis. Eichwald. 1858.
a Bronni. Cr +
“ arcticus. Etheridge. 1878.
Escharites forniculosus. Schlotheim 1820
Receptaculites occidentalis. Salter. 1858.
uy australis. He 3
rf Grindrodi. ee 1868.
‘* _ erassiparies. ~ Rauff. 1892.
ef Damesii. m pi

Zamia Rossica. Kutorga. 1842.

Ischadites Keenigii. Murchison. 1829.

Grindrodi. Salter. 1868.
“A Eichwaldi. F. Schmidt. 1860.
x Bohemica. Barrande. 1872.
SS Lindstroenii. Hinde 1884
- rectus. Rauff. 1892.
My Vichtensis. g cf:
ay Altaicus. Eichwald. 1872.

(Zamia Rossica—Kutlorga

Tetragonis Murchisonii. Eichwald. 1842.
FS Eichwaldi. Schmidt. 1858
4 sulcata. Eichwald. 1842.
of parvipora. e -

Acanthochonia Barrandei, Hinde. 1884.

Sphzrospongia tessellatus. Pengelly. 1860.

The recognized Genera and Species of both Europe and N

scribed or especially referred to in the text.

1827.

Chimay and Couvin. Belgium.
Revel and Baltischeport. Russia.
Cape Louis Napoleon.
=R. orbis.—Esthonia
Pauquettes Rapids. Canada.
Yarradong, Australia.
Malvern, England.
Ober-Kunzendorf, Silesia.
Jewe. Esthland, Russia.
=Ischadites Murchisoni.
—=Tetragonis Murchison.
Ludlow, England.

Malvern, England.

Itfer, Russia.

Hlubocep, Bohemia.
Petesvik, Gothland.
Lyckholm, Russia.

Aachen, Germany.

Altai, Russia.

Arctic Regions.

Wesenburg, Russia.
Itfer, Russia.
Esthland, Russia.

Bubowitz, Bohemia.
Devonshire, England.

/

North America are fully de-

The following should be regarded as Synonyms or as Invalid terms
which are erroneously referred to in European Paleont-
ology as belonging to the Receptaculitide.

Coscinopora placenta. Goldfuss. 1826. Couvin, Belgium.

ws sulcata. a 1832. S s
Polyparium Hisinger. 1837. Esthland.
Escharites forniculosum. Schlotheim. 1858. ‘t
Pasceolus Rathi. Kayser. 1875. =Spherospongia. Pengelly.

os tessellatus. a - j
Dictyophyton Gerolsteinense. Roemer. 1883. Gerolstein, Germany.
Lepidolites dickauti. Ulrich. 1889. Cincinnati, Ohio.
Sphzeronites pomum. Salter. 1861. Devonshire, England.

“S rhombifer. Roemer. 1850. Harz, Germany.

“i tessellatus. BY 1844. x “
Polygonospheerites tessellatus. ‘“ 1880. Gerolstein, Germany.

% rhombifer. ss 3 “.
Echinospheerites tessellatus. Murchison. 1855. sf “

Verneuil & K.

Receptaculites carbonarius. Roemer. 1872. Rothwaltersdorf, Silesia.

a rhombifer. a 1850. Harzebirges, Germany.

o scy phoides. cs 1878. * 2

‘ Hifelensis. Schliiter. 1887. Eifel Range, Nf

cf Bronni. Hichwald. 1858. Revel, Russia.
Ischadites antiquus. Salter. 1866. Garn. Arenig, Wales.

Ss dickauti. Rauff. 1892. Cincinnati, Ohio.

SY squamifer. Hall. 1887. Schoharie, N. Y.

vt bursiformis. if zed “f SoMa
Tetragonis Eichwaldi, F. Schmidt. 1858. Itfer, Russia.

f Daubyi. McCoy. 1855. Kendall, England.

ee Hifelensis. Roemer. 1883. Eifel, Germany.
Acanthochonia Devonica? —Schliiter. 1887. Hlubokep, Bohemia.
Cyclospheeridium. Roemer. 1870 Harzebirges, Germany.
Nidulites favus. Salter. Haverfordwest, Wales.
Sphzerospongia inosculans. is 1865. Niti Pass.—East Indies.

ve meliflua, ts 1873, s a es %

‘ hospitalis. rie = a

Vichtensis. Schliiter. 1887. Aachen, Germany.

a sculpta. ¥ * ak.

megarhaphis. % € ny
Cyclocrinus Spaskii, Eichwald, 1852.

List of erroneously

assigned, inaccurately described, including

Bad and Doubtful Species mentioned as Keceptaculites
in American Geological Publications

Receptaculites Neptuni. Hall.
orbicularis t
Iowene. (sic. )
fungosum.
; globulare. (sic)
es infundibulum.
i hemisphericum.
i infundibuliformis
sacculus.
Eatoni.
: bursiformis.
: monticulatus. a
Ohioensis. Hall and
Whitfield.
circularis. Emmons
formosus. Meek and
Worthen.
cs Devonicus. Whitfield.
re Sp? (sic ) Clarke.
a Iowensis. Hall.
i calciferus. Billings.
os Canadensis. i:
se insularis. es
< mammnillaris. Walcott.
- ellipticus. “s
a elongatus. S
* Giimbel1. Hague.
ee Elrodi. S. A. Miller.
dactioloides. ae
Dictyocrinus squamifer. , Hall
Dictuocrinites Conrad.
Coscinopora infundibuliformis. Eaton.
sulcata. Eaton.
Orbitulites? reticulata. D-DD. Owen
Lunulites dactioloides. i ies Ph
Ischadites bursiformis. Hall.
Pasceolus? dactylioides. Meek and
i Worthen.
Cerionites dactiloides. Whitfield.
Ischadites squamifer. Hall.

ae

—— —— cyathiformis. (sic)

1547.

1859.

1S4l.
1832.

1834.

1844.

1887.

1868.

1882.

1887-

1847

Not found in America.
Cited by Giimbel. Recep. p. 205.
Rep. Progress. Geol. Sur. Wis. p. 14.

—Ischadites tessellatus
Rep. Progress. Geol. Sur. Wis p. 16.
—=Recep. monticulatus.—Pal. N. Y , Vol.
6, page 229,
Trans. Alb. Ins. (Ab.) page 1.
Obsolete.
Rep, State Geologist N. Y. 1882.
—Coscinopora infundibuliformis. Eaton.
Geol. Sur. Ohio. (Palzeont) Vol. 2, page
b23, pl 6 Been.
American Geology. Vol. 1, p. 230, fig. 52.
=Isch. tessellatus. Geol. Sur. Ulinois,
Vol 6, p. 500.
Doubtful. N. Y. Acd.Sci., Vol.
198. (lapsed.)
‘‘Supposititious fragments.’’ Bul. No. 16,
iW? SGeol sar 5 p72:
Selenoides Iowensis. Geol.
V j9p420.
Palceozoic Fossils, Vol. 1, p. 384, fig. 358.
Fragments only. idem. p. 385, fig 362.
Cat. Sil. Foss. Anticosti, p. 29. Not
illustrated.
U. S. Geol. Sur. Mon. 8, p. 65, fig. 11.
et ; © Gt p67, fees
ce ae ee oe ce ee p. 66.
U. S. Geol. Sur. Vol. 2, p. 80
Geol. Ind., Vol. 18, p. 1, pl. 1, fig. 1, 2, 3.
Inaccurately included in the Cincinnati

2, page

Wis., Vol.

catalogue.

Geol. Sur. N. ¥. Pal. Vol:, 3) ‘(Gates
Page 135:

15th Reg. Reps N. Y.'PI. 11) figyiae

16th < Best 86 Pal IN) eee

6, pl. 24, fig 3-11.

16th Reg. Rep. N. Y. and Geol. Text
Book.

—Selenoides Iowensis.

Geol. Exp. Iowa, Wis. and IIl., 1844,
p- 69, pl. 13, fig. 4.

Geol. Sur. NY. (Pal.) Vol. 6; po ego;

pl. 24, fig. 3-11.

—Lunulites dactioloides of David Dale
Owen.

—T.unulites dactioloides of Dayid Dale
Owen Geek Wis: Voli) qpyezayzs
plyi3..02.a-

eee oe (Conrad, 1841.}). Worth-
less. Pal IN: Y. Fol 6;(pl. 24) seaiaom

Pal. New York. Vol I, p. 72.

eisai Chee. LG a CO Laz

List of indistinctly preserved reticulate fronds and uncertain forms which

have been previously referred to the Sponges.

Some of these hollow membran-

ous fronds and cups have been erroneously called Dicty@spongide.* The true
zoological position of most of them is very doubtful.

Rhombodictyon reniformis.
a var. rhombiforme.
a discum
Cyathophycus reticulatus.
oh subsphericus.
Rauffella filosa.
sf palmipes

Leptopoterion mammiferum.
Lepidolites dickhauti.

a elongatus.
Diagoniella coronata.

i cyathiformis.
_Dictyophytra Walcotti.

nS Danbyi.
Teganium subsphzericum.
Dictyophyton filitextile.

if nodosum.
Conradi
annulatum.
fenestratum.
tuberosum.
% Hamiltonensis.
patuluim.
prismaticum.
telunn.
Newberryi.
rude
irregulare.
baculum.
tenue.
sacculus.
as paralellum.
“ cinctum.
“ Redfieldi.
abacus
a eylindricum
catilliforme.
Uphanteenia Chemungensis.
Ectenodictya implexa.

N expansa,

ah eccentrica.

= Burlingtonensis
Lyrodictya Romingeri.
Thamnodictya Newberryi.
Cleodictya gloriosa.

i Mohri. |
Phragmodictya catilliformis.

x lineata.

y patelliformis.

ay scyphus.

Physospongia Dawsoni.
3 Colletti.
‘: alternata.

\hitfield.

Walcott.

ac

Ulrich.

ce

Whitfield.
Vanuxem.
Hall.

ce

1886.

Low. Sil.

Sil.

ce

ee
Sil.
ac
ae

Devonian.

ae

se

Devonian.

Devonian.

ce

Devonian.

ae
ac
ce

Lower Carb

ae ce

*The name Dictyospongiz was pre-occupied by ‘‘Gray’s System of Sponges,’’ 1867.
Dr. Hall’s nomencluture will necessarily have to be revised, altered and amended when these
forms are better understood, and the sub-family is studied by a competent specialist in

Spongiology, with all the original fossils before him.

Pirlo 2ele SHPowo es.

Bad and Doubtful Genera and Species.

List of erroneor%ly assigned, incorrectly described, misunderstood, bad
and doubtful species; unnecessary genera and species; erroneous nomenclature,
and invalid terms improperly applied in connection with the Spongidze in North
American Paleontology, including European generic and specific terms inappro-

priately mentioned or erroneously referred to as being Sponges. ;
Acanthinella. ‘Beecher. | 1889 Inadvertantly printed. Probably refers
to Acanthactinella.
Acanthactinella. |Hinde. 1884 Detached spicules. Form of sponge un-
| known. Not an American genus.
Acanthoconia. Beecher. 18Sg |==Acanthochonia of Hinde. Not an
_ American genus.
Acanthodictya hispida. | Dawson. ‘‘ \Imaginary pyritiferous markings found
| in black shales in Canada.
Acanthospongia Siluriensis, ‘McCoy. 1862 |Lapsed
a Smithii. ‘Young & Y. 1877 |Detached spicules of an unknown sponge.
Acestra subularis. Roemer. 1861 |Sponge rootlets.
Achilleum cerasus. /Eichwald. 1859 |Obsolete=Manon globosum. Worthless.
Actinostroma Trentonense. Ulrich 1891 |Worthless. Probably a Stromatoporid.
Amorphospongia. |Roemer. 1880 |An obsolete term in spongiology.
Amorphozoum. | Hall. 1865 |=Brachiospongia.
Auphispongia. Salter. 1861 |Found in Scotland. Somewhat similar
| fragments are known in the Silurian
| rocks in America.
Anthaspidella fenestrata. Ulrich. i8g1 |Unnecessary species. See Appendix.
ss grandis. : i iy gy
by firma. ‘ :
th obiiqua. < e rs
Anthaspidellide. ‘s ‘« |See Appendix.
Archzeocyathellus Rensselzeri-
cus Ford. 1873 |Obsolete. See Appendix.
Archzeocyathus Atlanticus. Billings. 1861 |=Spirocyathus Atlanticus. Hinde. See
_ Appendix.
profundus. vs ‘< (=Ethmophyllum profundum.
: pavonoides. Matthew. 1887 |Corallites. Lapsed.
ef Billingsi. Walcott. 1886 2 7
yi gracilis ms of ‘ iy
es Dwighti. 1889 Lapsed.
= rarus. _ 1890 a
NS Rensselericus. st elas Sr Rae
m Marianus. Rcemer. 1880 |A coral, found in Spain.
Archzeocyathine. ‘Borneman. 1884 |Not applicable te spongiology.—Corallites
Archzeoscyphia Minganense. ‘Hinde. 1889 |An unnecessary change of name. Syn-
onym for \r hzeocvathus Minganense.
Billings.
Archeeosphzerina. Matthew. 1887 |Semi-calcareous concretions: worthless.
Said to be found with Eozoon.
Asteractinella. Hinde. 1884 |Detached spicules. Form of sponge is
not known.
Astreeospongia Hamiltonensis. |Meek & W. 1860 |Very doubtful.
se Devoniensis. Hinde. 1880 Has no specific character. See Octacium.
J meniscoides. Dewalque. 1887 |Doubtful. See Octacium. >
a Hifelensis. Schliiter. 1885 Ul, us
Astreeospongium. Roemer. 1852 Lapsed. Formerly applied to Astrzeo-
spongia.
ih Barrois. 1875 Erroneously ascribed to the calcareous
sponges
Astrocladia elongata. Matthew. 1889 Erroneous use of the generic term.

Astrocladia elegans.
a5 virguloides.
Astroconia Granti.

Astylospongia Perryi.
uf parvula.
cy meandrina.
ts pilula.

ie Christiani.
us radiata.

et Gothlandica.

a bursa.

st nux-moschata.
ap cratera.

a inornata.

in Rcemeri.

me pusilla.

grata.

ye pericarpum.

i Sangamonensis?
OF carbonaria?
4G globosa.

cf faviolata.
ae tumida.

ah subrotunda.
Batospongia spicata.
- Beatricea.

Belemnospongia fascicularis.
e

Biopalla.
Blumenbachium meniscus.

Brachiospongia Lyoni.
rs Roemerani.
a Hoveyi.

Brachiospongid.
Calamopora fibrosa.

Calathella Anstedi.
Calathium infelix.
rh obliquum.
sf Canadense.
ee Fittoni.
a pannosum.
a5 crassunl.
Camarocladia dichotoma.
Carpospongia globosa.
ns Conwentzi.
ny castanea.

Caryospongia juglans.

\Matthew.
Sollas.
Billings.
QOuenstedt.

ce

Rcemer.

Meek & W.

Linnars.

| Schliiter.

‘Salter
|
|
‘Ulrich.
|

te.

James.
|
|
|

Ulrich.
Billings.

ce

sé

Ulrich.

Wallace.
Roemer.

Marsh.

oe

Beecher.
Recemier.

Rauff.
Ulrich.
Billings.

ce

Ulrich.
Rauff.

ie

1889
18st
1561

1861
1871

1861

1868
1871

1884
1876
1878
1883
1894
1873

se

1888 |——

of the generic term.

6 ae ae 6

Erroneous use

Detached spicules. Sponge body un-
known.

Not a valid species.

Gl Sais oe ue
oe ve ce ce

Oe arr “6 , oa

A young form of
another species.

Doubtful.

A Scandinavian form of doubtful char-
acter. q

A Scandinavian form of doubtful char-
acter.

Not a valid species. Lapsed.

ce ras “

oe ce as oe ce

—Hindia fibrosa, Roemer sp.

Fragments from an unknown locality.

A frivolous term. Nota good species.

Somewhat resembling A. inciso-lobata.
Not a good species.

Somewhat resembling A.
Not a good species.

inciso-lobata.

Not a good species. Cincinatti cata-

logue.
Not a good species. Cincinnati cata-
logue. ,
____JNot a good species. Cincinnati cata-
logue.
—=Cheetetes.

| 1891

1857

| 1891
| 1878

| 1848

1867

«eo

-/Needs verification.

A Stromatoporid, correctly defined by
Nicholson. Paleontographical Socie-
ty. London, 1885. Pages 86-90.

A very doubtful form. Its sponge-char-
acter needs verification.

Worthless in spongiology.

(The original name applied to Astreo-
spongia meniscus. ithe?

See Appendix. —Brachiospongia digi-

| tata Marsh.

See Appendix —Brachiospongia digi-

| tata. Marsh

See Appendix. —Brachiospongia digi-
tata. Marsh.

See Appendix.
“Original name applied to Hindia fibro-
sa’ Rauff. Hence the specific name
should be retained
An unnecessary synonym.
‘Erroneous nomenclature. See Appendix.
oe oe ee

| ve

‘Doubtful species, based

ce

on fragments.
ee ae

ce ae se ce oe

‘Bryozoan or a small bunch of a fucoid,
‘The species is not good.
oe ae ae

ay as

|
Synonym for Astylospongia castanea.
| Fred Roemer. 1861.

\Has no specific character. See Appendix.

\

! |
Caryospongia nux-moschata. Rauff. 1594 Has no specific character. See Appendix.
66 ia IG is ee ve ce ce

oS multisuleata.
Chirospongia Faberi. S. A. Miller. | 1889 |See Appendix.
x Wendti. x ee tl oe 4
Chonipora lichenoides. Jamies, ——— Cincinnati catalogue. See Appendix.
a papillata. ne ——| is f of re
; scabra. ‘ * % G ue

Clathrospongia abacus. > Ve bailite | 1882 Generic term abandoned and the species

| | assigned to Dictyophyton.

Cnemidium Trentonensis, Worthen. | 1875 |Erroneously described.

Conopoterium effusum. Winchell. — 1865 |A corallite. Its author did not regard it

as a sponge.

Coscinocyathus. Walcott. 1888 Not asponge. Said to haae been found

: in Labrador.
Cyathophycus reticulatus. es 1879 |Doubtful. Needs verification.
ss subspheericus. ‘s 1881 |Doubtful. —Teganium. Rauff.
pe Quebecensis. w 1888 'Not a good species.
Cyathospongia reticulata. is 1879 |Syn. Cyathophycus. Worthless.
if excrescens. Hall. 1882 |Lapsed.
Fe Quebecensis. Dawson. 1889 |Doubtful pyritiferous markings found in
black shales in Canada.
r e€0zoica. Matthew. 1890 |Very doubtful. Said to be found in Lau-
rentian graphites.

Cyclocrinus Spaskii. Hichwald. 1852 |Not a sponge.

Cyclospongia discus. S A. Miller.| 1891 |Nota good genus. Has no sponge char-
acter.

Cylindroccelia endoceroidea. Ulrich. 1889 |Geol. Sur. Illinois, Vol. 8, page 240.
Classified as being Pharetrones of Camb-
rian age.

f Minnesotensis. .
a Covingtonensis. . ‘* |See Appendix. ‘‘Pharetrones.’
i minor. es ss x 3: a

Cystospongia. es Worthless. See Appendix.

Dactyloidites bulbosus. C. A. Hall: 1886 |Geol. Sur. Penn. Vol. P4, pl. 1041, fig. 1-2

Diagoniella coronata. Rauff. 1894 |A doubtful term for Dawson’s doubtful
Protospongia.

ae cyathiformis. Ee ‘“ |A doubtful term for Dawson’s doubtful
i Protospongia.

Dichoplectella irregularis. Matthew. 1889 Unnecessary. Worthless as a genus or

| species.

Dictyophytra Walcotti. Rauff. 1894 |Name proposed for Dictyophyton.

= Danbyi. us is ‘ a ‘4 <

Dictvophytride. < ‘“ (See Appendix.

Dictyospongidee. Hall. 1882 | “ if

Discophyllum peltatum. ‘s 1847 |Doubtful. Requires verification.

Domospongia. Schliiter, 1887 |Not accepted in Spongioiogy.

Dystactospongia insolens S. A. Miller. | 1882 See Pharetrones in Appendix.

er minor. He ESOL I|0 s = ie °
as minima. ‘ | fe 1889 | ‘ a if
ns rudis. | sf LOOT eos i: i: ‘s
Edriospongia basalis. Ulrich. ‘* See ‘‘Anthaspidellidee”’ in Appendix.
Eocoryne. Walcott. 1886 |Enumerated asa sponge in U.S. Bulli-
| tin, No. 30, p. 59.
oo -\gemina, (sic) Ulrich. 1890 |Enumerated as a sponge in Geol. Sur.
Ill., Vol. 8, p. 240
re geminum. Matthew. 1886 |Proc. Roy. Soc. Canada, Vol. 4, pl. 4.
Eophyton explanatum. Hicks. 1869 |Not a sponge.
Eospongia communis. Ulrich. —— The Cincinnaticatalogue. See Appendix.
a Turnerensis. e ue we if ts i

Eozoon Canadensis. /Dawson. 1865 Not regarded as having had an organic
origin.

z Bavaricum. Giimbel. 1866 Not eecamttea as having had an organic
| origin.

Eridostroma densa. Ulrich. ——— The Cincinnati catalogue.

3 densissima. a ———-} * “ wc

Escharopora. Kichwald. 1852 Not a sponge.

Ethmophyllum Whitneyi.

Seieracihis:
i Meeki.
sy profunduni.

a Minganense.

ms rarum.

gs Rensselzericum.
Fungispongia irregularis.
Girvanella occellatus. (sic)

Halichondrites confusus.
a graphitiferus.
Heterospongia subramosa.
“i Knotti.
aspera.
ct nodulosa.
Hindia spheeroidalis.
se parva.
ae inequalis.

Hyalonema Girvanense.
Hyalostelia.

$s delicatula.
of solivaga.

Gs Mettissica.

eS minima.

Hystriospongia carbonaria.

Jerea excavata.
Lasiocladia Hindei.

ae

Lasiothrix flabellata.

ce

curvicostata.

Lepidolites Dickhauti.
a elongatus.

Leptomites.

Leptomitus Zitteli.

Leptopoteriou mammiferum.

Mastopora.
Megastroma.
Microspongia gregaria.

‘Meek
| oe

Walcott.

(zs

Ulrich.

‘Ringueberg.

‘Walcott.

Dawson.
‘Matthew.

Ulrich.

ae

‘Duncan.
‘Ulrich.
Nicholson.
Zittel.

Ulrich.
Dawson.

Matthew.
Ulrich.
D’Orbigny.
Ulrich.
Dawson.

Ulrich.
Beecher.
Walcott.

Ulrich.
EKichwald
Dawson.
Miller & D.

1889
1852
1888
1878

See Appendix.—Ethmophyllum is a cor-
_ allite
See Appendix.

‘United States Bulletin, No. 30, page 84,
pl. 1, fig. 1, et seq.
Geol. Sur. Illinois, Vol. 8, page 240.

ve is

‘ ‘ ce ce ce oe ve

‘Very doubtful. Needs verification.
We Si Geol... Sur. Voli to; page isos:
Worthless asa sponge. Girvanella is

not regarded as anorganism. It isa
structureless accretion
|Pyritiferous markings in which ‘‘no

| structure whatever can be recognized.”
Transactions of the Roy. Soc. of Can-
ada. 1889. Worthless as sponges.

‘Described as a Calcareous sponge of
Cambrian Age.

Described as a
Cambrian Age.

Described as a Caleareous sponge of
Cambrian Age.

Described as a Calcareous sponge of
Cambrian Age.

‘Should be Hindia fibrosa.

'Worthless asa specific namie.

|Has no specific character.

‘Doubtful, :

|Not a. generic name.—Acestra=basalia—=
sponge rootlets. Its author admits
that its generic characters are not
known, and that it merely reters to
a portion of the anchoring-rope of an
unknown sponge.

Misromer.

—Pyritonema gracile.
tra. Roemer.

Presents no sufficient evidence of sponge-

Caleareous sponge of

Rauff. —Aces-

| structure. Too fragmentary to permit
of description.
Useless.

Worthless as a sponge.

—Astylospongia preemorsa. Roemer. 1860

This species needs verification. Doubtful

Described as small ovoid masses having
strong root spicules.

‘Imaginary pyritiferous markings, found

| in black shales in Canada.

Imaginary pyritiferous markings, found

|_in black shales in Canada.

\Not a good genus.

; &6¢ ue ve uc

Misnomer for Leptomitus. Void.

Conjectural sponge-rootlets.— National

| Museum Catalogue of Invertebrate
Fossils, No. 15308—Should be verified
or abandoned. Not entitled to either
generic or specific distinetion. See
Appendix. U.S. Geol, Smr. Vol. 10,
p- 579-, pl. 49, fig. I, Ta.

(Conjectural.—Lepidolites.

Not a sponge

of oe

Invalid. See Appendix.

Microspongia parya.
ng irregularis.

Nidulites favus.

Octacium rhenanum.

Paleeacis cuneiformis.
vi compressum.
She cuneatum.
a enorme.
te obtusum.
at cavernosa.

Paleeomanon bursa.
ne Rcemeri.

Palzeosaccus Dawsoni.

Palazospongia cyathiformis.

i Trentonensis.

is prisca.
Pasceolus Halli.

3 globosus.

ff gregarius.

ue intermedius.

Pattersonia difficilis.
h tuberosa.

ia

aurita.

* Ulrichi,
Petrospongia,

Pharetrones.
Physospongia Dawsoni.
Plocoscyphia perantiqua.
Polygonospheerites.

Protocyathus rarus.

Protospongia fenestrata.

minor,
tetranema.

st delicatula,

aI mononeina,
polynema,
coronata.

rf cyathiformis.
ss diffusa.

es flabella.

major.
maculeeformis.
te Ludensis.

cal Hicksi.

ea carbonaria.
Rhenana,

var. distans.

Ulrich.
Salter.
Schliiter.
\M-Edwards.
|Meek & W.

ae ae

| ae oe

S. A. Miller.
‘Hall.
| Walcott.

Hinde.

A. Miller.

se

‘Borneinan.
Billings.

iS. A. Miller.

‘Beecher.

ie

|
| 2.
|Rauff,

‘Ulrich.
i\Matthew.
‘Roemer.

Ford.

| Walcott.

Matthew.

| ae

‘Dawson.

ue

salter.
‘Holl.
Hinde.
Dames.
\Schliiter.
|

1889 W orthless asa a specific term.

1878 |An

1860

oe

1882
1889

1894

1889

ia

1880

1887

1886

1888
1889

se
oe

ray

1888
1884
1892

|
|

|
|
|
|

|
}

if

ae

Br oueeuels referred to the sponges.

exceedingly doubtful form. Un-
known detached spicules, supposed to
be related to Astraeospongia.

|European genus of corals.

‘Teeth of sauroid fishes.

ae ve oe
ee se we ce

ve ve ae oe

‘This specia is classed with the Porifera by
its author.

Not a valid species. 28th Reg. Rep. N.

VY np. 105.
Not a valid species. . S. Geol. Sur.
Mon. VIII, page ae PL. “1.3, ho eeneee

Pyritiferou markings supposed to rep-
resent a portion of an unknown
sponge.

The generic term is worthless.

ae ay te

oe ra vc oe oe

The author of the genus did not refer it
to the sponges, but several writers
have more recently done so. Its true
position is not determined. Should not
be regarded asa sponge. Cyclocrinus
and Nidulites ar equally enigmatic.

‘Sponge character is not verified, but

probably will be hereafter.
'Dr. Beecher’s genus Strobilospongia is a -

Synonym.

Dr. Beecher’s genus Strobilospongia is a
synonyn.

‘Very doubtful species. :

Au obsolete term, formerly apphed to

fossil sponges.

See Appendix.

Worthless.

An incorrect term. Worthless. Some-
times described in German literature
as a calcareous, although unknown
‘form of life.

A corallite,
sponge.

Worthless as a species as described in
the United States Survey. Mon. 8, p.

II, pl..9, igss5.-

formerly regarded as a-

Worthless as a species.

ee ALS

An imaginary form.

ae oe

Doubtful European species

ce a

oe ae

Pulvillus Thoinsonii.
Pyritonema fascicularis.
fasciculus.
metissicum.
Me subulare.
‘ Girvanense.
Be abil filosa.

Rhabdaria fragilis
furcata.

Ribeiria calcifera.
longiuscula

Saccospongia rudis.

a Danvillensis.
Scolecolithus chordaria.
Scyphia digitata.

; stellata.
Silurispongia conus.
Siphonia preemorsa

sh excavata

* stipitata,
Sorospongia radiata.
Spheerolites Nicholsoni.
Sphzronites.

: -pomum
Spheerospongia hospitalis.

: melifina.

inosculans.

Sphenopoterium cuneatum.

(ay

compressum.
enorme.
obtusuni.
Spirocyathus.
Spongarium interruptum.
Steganodictyum.
Strephochetus occellatus.
atratus,
Brainardi.
Richmondensis.
Streptosolen obconicus.
Streptospongia confusa.
BS labyrinthica,
Strobilospongia tuberosa.

oe

‘

aurita.
Strotospongia maculosa.
Syringelasma Wortheni.

Syringophyllum.

Teganium Sig ece atevel

Tetradium.

Trachyum rugosum.
vetustum.

Tricholites typicalis.

Trochospongia.

Zittelella pistilliformis.

: Has turbinata
inosculata.
Zittrella (undetermined).

ce

Carter.

Hila
F M’ ‘Coy.

‘Dawson.
\Rauff.
‘Ulrich.
|Billings.
Ulrich.
Ulrich.
|Kichwald.
Troost.
\Martin.
Goldfuss.
Hisinger.
Ulrich.
Hinde.
Phillips
Salter.

ve

Meek & W.

|Hinde.
M’Coy.
Seely.

(Ulrich.

| i

Beecher.

Ulrich.

Billings.
Dawson.

(Ulrich.

Roemer.
Ulrich.

D. D. Owen.

M.-Edwards. |

IS A. Miller. | 1

Inorganic concretions.

European. Doubtful. See Appendix.
European. Doubtful.
Worthless.

Doubtful.

Needs verification.
235, fig. 1-2.
Doubtful even as sponge rootlets.

Am. Geol Vol. 3, p.

Needs verification.

See Appendix.
—Acestra. Sponge-rootlets.
—Brachiospongia digitata.—Marsh.
Original name of Brachiospongia
Spicular structure not found.
Obsolete name of Astylospongia.

Doubtful.
Manuscript only.
Obsolete.

Obsolete.

Not a sponge.

Sponge structure not determined.
=Paleacis. Fish remains

A corallite.

Mur. Sil. Sys. 1854, pl. 12, fig. 5
Found to be fish remains.

Bad genus. Should be abandoned.

. Lapsed.

(tes

Described as Stromatocerium. |

Not a valid genus.

—Distactospongia. Wravtiees

Previously described as Pattersonia. The
fossils require more careful examina-
tion before they are accepted as sponges.

Synonym for supposed sponge.

See Anthaspidellidz in Appendix.

Worthless as "a genus and species. A
fragment of fossil shagrin.

Name pre-occupied. See Syringelasma.

—Cyathophycus.

Not a sponge.

Doubtful species.

A corallite: not a sponge U.S. Geol.
Sur. Vol. 10, p 598, fig. 60,
Worthless as a generica term. Cited in

alocal catalogue. |
Not accepted in Spongiology.
Unnecessary specific term.

ce ae

Misnomer in Boece ler s Catalogue. Bul.
No. 2, Vol. 3, Minn. Acad. Science.