CATALOGUE WITH FULL DESCRIPTION AGRICULTURAL & HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, MAYHER & CO'S UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL WAREHOUSE AND SEED STORE, 197 Water-street, near Fulton-st, New YorK, ELEVENTH EDITION. NEW YORK: BAKER GODWIN & CO., PRINTERS CORNER OF NASSAU AND SPRUCE STREETS, 1854. NOTICE TO PURCHASERS. Orders for goods, addressed to Mather & Co., post-paid, ac companied with the money, or a draft, or acceptance, on some responsi- ble house in this city, or other commercial city of the Union, will meet •with the promptest attention. All directions should be written out fully, clearly, and legibly, to pre- vent mistakes and avoid delay. All orders for goods for farm or plantation use, which are not strictly in om line of business, will be purchased and forwarded at the most rea- sonable rates. Insurances effected when required. (2) ADVERTISEMENT. In presenting the annexed brief Catalogue to the public the proprietors beg leave to offer their thanks for the patronage they have received du- ring the many years they have been engaged in the Agricultural Imple- ment department, and trust the confidence already extended will remain unabated, as shall their endeavors to present them with the various im- provements of the age, for the promotion of the Farmer's interest. The business of the husbandman is now considered the most impor- tant and dignified of all employments ; and in order to obtain its perform- ance with as much saving of expense and labor as possible, not only to man but also to beast, the mechanic has taxed his ingenuity, from time to time, to find means wherewith to meet their wishes. We find upon reviewing the past twenty or thirty years, that the old, clumsy, un- wieldy wooden Ploughs then in use, which required the united eiiuit> of four or five yokes of oxen and two or three men to turn a medium-sized furrow, is now superseded by the light-running and graceful cast-iron Plough, which performs the* same amount of labor with one yoke of oxen and one man, in a more thorough and effectual manner. The proprietors, for a long while sensible of the wants of the farming community and the demand for such Ploughs as would save a great amount of time and labor, turned their attention principally to that im- portant instrument, and from year to year have presented the public with the fruits of their labor, in the various models of the Centre-Draught Eagle Improved Ploughs, with such improvements as observation and experience in the field would suggest to the mind. These ploughs have been extensively used far and near, and their mer- its fully attested by those who have had an opportunity of examining them while in operation. So admirably have they performed their work as often to call forth the remark, that u they seemed like a thing of life." The universal preference which they have everywhere obtained has induced many individuals to imitate them, or parts of them — thus_ striv- ing to reap advantages which have been obtained by persevering indus- try, and the trying labor of many years. Yet such attempts have only proved the superiority of the centre-draught principle over all others. Farmers, Planters, Gardeners, and Dealers, will find the largest and most complete assortment of all kinds of Agricultural Implements evei offered for sale in New York, at the United States Agricultural Ware house, 197 Water-street. Among the collection may be found upwards of 150 different patterns and sizes of Ploughs, adapted to all the various 4 ADVERTISEMENT. kinds of soil and modes of culture, together with the celebrated Eao-le Improved Plough, which was awarded the highest Premium (a silver Pitcher) by the American Institute, at the late Ploughing Match, for do- ing the best work with the lightest draught. Field and Garden Rollers, both of wood and cast-iron, for pulverizing the ground; Cultivators with steel and cast-iron teeth ; Horse Powers made both of wood and iron, very strong, and of a superior quality ; Threshing-machines, for thresh- ing wheat, rice, oats, and all kinds of grain ; Corn Mills, which can be operated by hand, or any other kind of power, and which will grind from three to five bushels of good fine meal per hour ; Vegetable Cutters, for cutting all kinds of vegetables for cattle ; Grain Cradles, Scythes, Har- rows, Wheelbarrows, Ox Carts, Mule Carts, Wagons, Ox Yokes and Bows, Hay, Straw, Shuck and Stalk Cuttere, of various prices and pat- terns ; Fanning Mills for cleaning all kinds of grain, seed and rice ; Cot- ton Gins, of the most improved patterns; Smut Machines, for cleaning smut from wheat, and all kinds of grain ; Rice Hullers ; Corn She.lers, both for hand and horse power. Orders for Field or Garden Seeds, of every variety ; Winter and Spring Wheat, Oats, Rye, Barley, &c, &c. : Fruit and Ornamental Trees, and Shrubs. The above article will be procured from the best collections in-the country. Bone Dust, Plaster of Paris, Guano, cm fyic$î#en Qcutidyen tyublitam, tnébefonberc aber ?anb(eutcn, ©àrtnern itnb ^aufleuten erlaubt Coi) Untenctduictcr bie ergebene 21njetge ju madden, bap in ib,rem lanbwirtbfcrtaftlicrten ÜBaarenfyauö, 197 Water Street, fort* wäbrenb ein tfollftanbigeé Slfîortiment aller jinn 3lcferbau notb> gen îoerf jeuge jum Serfauf fteben. l^ic Slitswabl in biefer 33e* jiebung i)'t fo groß, bap über 150 üerfduebene Pfluge bem refp. Käufer uorgelegt werben, beren praftifdic 21nwenbung um fo we* niger $u bezweifeln i\if aie it)uen »on amerifamfdjen Snjrituten bie böcbfte Prämie, ein fiiberner 53ed)cr, aie älnerfennung ihrer £auglidïfeit, »erheben würbe Slupcrbem fïnb $Sa($en aller Slrt »on £>ol$ unb (Eifen, £refd)* mafdnnen, Äornmüblen, (sdmeibemafdnnen, <3ggen, Scnfen, Darren, tiefte, Äornftebe, SBtnbmühlen^lpparate, baumwollen* mafefunen in jeber beliebigen $orm unb @röpe, üorrätbig ; and) fuhren wir $c{& unb ©artenfaamen, fowie Cbftbäume unb eine Sïuèwabl anberer »erebelter SSäume. 3ugleidi ffnb wir mit ben »orjüglichften 23ewàflferungéappara* ten, fowie mit jeber 2(rt £ung aie ©nano, ^anfer @ipd, Äno* d)enfîaub »erfehen, unb glauben une einem lanbwirtfyfdjafttidjen spublifum in jeber 23ejiebung empfehlen $u burfen. Söta^er SS <§*♦ 197 Water Street, New York. AGBICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. PLOUGHS. This most important implement of agriculture has been greatly improv- ed within a few years past. The substitution of cast-iron in their con- struction for the materials formerly in use has contributed much to this improvement. Besides, the best shape and adaptation to their wants, as well as accommodation to friction and draught, have been successfully con- sidered by our ablest mechanics and inventors. The results of their la- bors are to be found at the United States Agricultural Warehouse, in more than fifty different kinds of ploughs — such as the Subsoil, the Root-breaker, the Sward, the Prairie, the Meadow, the Horizontal, the Side-Hill, the Ditching, Paring, Trenching, the Double Mould-board, the Sugar-cane, Rice, Cotton, Corn-stubble, the Self-sharpener and Center- draught Ploughs, &c. These are of different sizes, and suitable for all kinds' of soil, with the Scotch or old-fashioned clevis, or crane clevis, that will enable them to run close by the side of a fence, and numerous other adaptations that do not require to be detailed here. Prices from $2 to $20. In adapting these ploughs to their various purposes, (with their simpli- city of construction,) will require no special directions. The implements kept in the U. S. Agricultural Warehouse embrace a great variety of Harrows, Horse Powers, Threshing Machines, Corn Mills, Corn-Stalk, Straw and Hay Cutters, Ac, for a description of some of which see the following catalogue. These implements are mostly made up from new and highly-improved patterns, warranted to be of the best materials, put together in the strongest manner, and of a very su- perior finish. Castings, Skeleton Ploughs, Harrow Teeth, and Iron Work of all kinds done to order in the cheapest and best manner. Wire Cloth and Sieves of different kinds and sizes kept constantly on hand. We have of Agricultural Implements the largest and most complete assortment to be found in the United States, and respectfully invite the public to call and judge for themselves. To give some idea of their es- tablishment, and to save replies to numerou, questions, they issue this catalogue, which will be distributed gratis wherever wanted. Appli- cations to be made uost free. s AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Amono- other implements we should not omit to notice our own, Mayher & Co's) Center-Draught Plough, Eagle D, which received tne Premium at the Fair of the American Institute, October 14, 1847 and 1848; and for the good execution of its work, the diminished power required, and the abatement of friction it is unsurpassed by any plough in the market. u o ■p Ö a O •d a> m 02 d 1 02 S D tj P a d o> i— i «d ho 5 0 -p H -Ö ,Q 0 i— i 0) 0 Ü a W 2 0 M D ■P Ä <3 ÎH a 0» ji M -0 o Hi HI »H H Hi Eh r/2 H K w Fig. 1 represents Eagle Ploughs C, D, or F, with wrought coulter, laid wiih steel — also a wheel — which plough is well adapted to green * sward ploughing. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULfURAL IMPLEMENTS. Fig. 1. Fig. 2 represents the Eagle Plough 0, D, or F, with Fin-Cutter Share, without Coulter through the beam, which is well adapted for stub- ble ground, or Southern ground ploughing. Fig. Fig. 3 represents the Eagle Plough D, F, and C, L, with Lock- Coulter, which is made of wrought iron laid with steel, and fastened to the share, which makes it very strong and durable. It also represents the Draught-Rod which strengthens the beam, and gives the plough great strength, Ind makes it just the thing to be used among roots, rocks, or for ploughing newly-cieared land, as the Coulter cannot be forced from its position on the share. We have Cutter-shares to fit the Eagle A and B plough ; also can put in the wrought coulter if desired. Fig. 3. MAYHER & Co's LIGHTEST-DRAUGHT PREMIUM PLOUGHS Are constructed at their own manufactory, to a uniform set of patterns, by machinery, so that uniform dimensions and finish are insured to all the ploughs of the same size or class. 10 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. The best of white-oak timber is used in these ploughs, and the iron is poli-h< d — point, Ian dside, and mould- board — to prevent friction, and cov- ered with blue varnish, to protect them from rust. Being thus finished the most adhesive soil will not stick to them, or increase the power re- quired to draw them. The iron used in their construction is composed of a mixture of several sorts, calculated to combine in the composition strength, or tenacity, and hardness, and to render the point and wing of the share and base of the landside fitted for the chilling process, to which they are subjected with- out injuring their strength. Those parts being subjected to the chief wear are made, by this process of hardening, to last six times as long as the common iron plough. Center-draught Plough, — Eagle A. — Among the different sizes of these celebrated pluughs we have the Center-draught — Eagle A. It requires one horse to draw it. This is the smallest size. Eagle B. — Is also a one-horse plough — large size. Eagle C — has^ wheel and coulter, (see Fig. 1,) whose use and ad- vantages will be readily appreciated. This plough is drawn by a pair of horses, or oxen ; is of medium size, fitted for the ploughing of sod or stubble-lands. To turn a furrow with it six inches deep and eleven inch- es wide generally requires the strength of two mules. The furrow it cuts is some seven or ten inches in depth, and ten to twelve inches wide. Eagle 0, — with Fin-Cutter. — See Fig. 2. — In other respects it serves the same purposes as Eagle C, with coulter. Eagle D, — with Coulter and Wheel. — See Figs. 1, and 2. — This is one size larger than Eagle C, and of the same construction. It cuts a a furrow of any required depth from six to eight inches, and from twelve inches to fourteen inches wide. It is used in ploughing sod or stubble lands. For two horses, or one yoke of oxen. Eagle F, — with Wheel, Coulter, and Draught-Rod. — See Fig. 3. It is well adapted to trench-ploughing, and for breaking up rough ground. Almost any growth of grass, stubble, or weeds, may be readily covered with it. It will cut a furrow to the depth of twelve inches, if required, and even deeper, and from fourteen to sixteen inches in width. The power required is three horses. Eagle C, L. — This plough is used for reclaiming meadows, and is an excellent plough for the wet lands on the Mississippi, and for the Western prairies. It is of strong construction, and will bear the draught of four stout horses. It has a strong lock-coulter, (as seen in Fig. 3,) and when required, it has a sharp steel-edged share or point, and a drag-coulter, or reversed cutter, to facilitate the complete turning over of the surface of meadows, when drained by ditching. Its crane-clevis, and the newly in- AGRICULTURAL AKD HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 11 vented draught-rod, enables the plough to follow the course of its furrow, while the team travels wholly on the unbroken land; thus obviating one great objection to the ploughing of meadows — the wading of the oft horse, or ox, through mud or water. Without the fixtures for meadow- ploughing, and with the original point, it is a good upland plough; and rugged soils from its great strength, may be ploughed without wear or damage to the plough. We have also — The Eagle Self- sharpener, No. 1. — A light plough, for one horse. . Eagle Self- sharpener, No. 1\. — A medium one-horse plough. — Eagle Self- sharpener, No. 5. — For sod or stubble land — a medi- um-sized two-horse plough. Eagle Self- sharpener, No. 5£. — A two-horse plough of large size. Eagle Self- sharpener, No. 6. — A breaking-up plough, of strong construction, for hreakiug up deep, stiff clay, and strong soil. The Eagle Self-sharpener, — Left-hand Plough : for turning the furrow to the left hand, instead of the right. All the different fixtures of the above may be attached to these ploughs as well as to the right-hand ploughs. These are used in various parts of the West. Those farmers who plough with three horses abreast will rind the Draught-rod a great convenience, as the plough can readily be adapted to be drawn by two or three horses. Left-hand Plough, No. 54. — Requires the power of two strong horses. Left-hand Plough, No. 55. — Still heavier and larger, and requires three horses. We have, also. Ploughs especially adapted to the cultivation of Cot- T0N, Corn and Rice, which we designate — Plough No. 14. — Which turns a wide furrow in a sandy or light soil. The mould-boar 1 is more curved than in other ploughs, and pul verizes the soil remarkably well. Plough 15. — Same as above, for one horse or mule: but one size larger. Plough A 1. — A light plough, for one horse or mule; fitted for loa- my or clayey soil, well adapted to furrowing or drilling, or to the cultiva- tion of cotton, or corn. 12 AGRICULTURAL aXD HORTICULTL RAL IMPLEMENTS. Plough A 2. — The same as above, but one size larger. Plough 2 B. — Same as last, but two sizes larger, for two horses. Davis' 6 inch Plough, — Light one-horse or mule plough, especially designed for the South. Davis' 7 inch Plough. — Same construction nearly, but one size larger. Davis' 9 inch Plough. — A good stout two-horse plough — very strong. The Rice -Trenching Plough— will be sufficiently understood from its name. It is a great labor-saving implement in the rice culture. It may be used for drilling in planting of corn and cotton, and root crops. Double Mould-Board Plough, No. 1.— See Figs. 5 and c— This plough is used fur ridging-out land, and serves a very good purpose for ploughing among corn, potatoes, etc., while it throws the dirt both ways. It serves the purpose of double ploughing, and is much better where the rows are near together, and saves half the labor. Other uses to which it may be applied on a farm will naturally suggest themselves. Fig. 5. — Side View. Fig. 6. — Top View. Double Mould-Board, No. 2. — Is the same as the above in form and construction, bat one size larger, and has also an extra point of greater width, for digging potatoes. It is used in planting corn, and digging shallow ditches. Bat, for planting Suoab Cane, we have Midland, or Double Ex- panding Mould-Board Plough, made ex] resslj for Sugar Planters. Its furrow is ten or twenty inches wide, and five to ten inches in depth AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 13 We have also The Paring Plough. — See Fig. 7. — This is used in preparing turf for burning, by paring it from the surface of the land where it grows. It has a thin flat share of wrought iron or steel, with a lock-coulter forward, and two stout coulters on the winga, thus cutting the furrows into two strips, as it moves along. The turf thus pared off is cut into pieces with sharp spades, by hands following the plough, and when these strips are dried in the stocks where they are thrown together, they are burned, and the ashes are thrown broad-cast over the land. Light sandy soils should not be burned. Swivel Or Side-Hill Ploughs. — See Fig. 8.— The mould-board and share of these Ploughs are so constructed a> to 1»- turned from one side of the beam to the other, by unlocking the clasp of the mould-board, (as seen in the cut,) attached to the center-piece of the handles, and lifting the beam by the handles, while the share and mould-board roll under it on a sort of swivel-hinge, till the beam and handles settle down on the other side, and the share and mould-board are fastened by the hook, in their proper places. This changing the plough, from right hand to left, is effected in a minute, while the team is turning to commence a new furrow. Fig. 8. These ploughs are convenient, as well as possessing peculiar advantages. In ploughing a side hill the furrows are turned downwards, by commen- cing at the lower margin, and ploughing on the same side, till the field is gone over, leaving the field with a uniform surface without the center or bank furrows which it presents when ploughed in the ordinary method. 14 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. In building roads they are very useful, as where dirt can be ploughed but from one side it can always be turned towards the road, whMe the team is passing either way. Among the varieties of this plough we have The Eagle, No. 0, to No. 4. Eagle No. 0. — Side-Hill — Isa light one-horse or mule plough. Eagle No. 1. — Side-Hill. — A sod or stubble plough, requiring two horses, or mules for its draugh* Eagle No. 2. — Side-Hill. — Is a large plough for two horses, and is sometimes used with three or four, as the nature of the soil may require. Eagle No. 3. — Side-Hill. — Suitable for heavy road or farm work. It is made sufficiently strong to bear the draught of four or six horses. Eagle No. 4. — Side-Hill. — For the roughest kind of work on farm or roads, of the strongest construction. SUB-SOIL PLOUGHS. Fig. 9. The advantages of sub-soil ploughing are so extensively investigated in different Agricultural Works that they scarcely require to be stated here. The plough fojlows in the furrow of the surface plough, stirring the dirt to a considerable depth, leaving a light bed instead of a hard bottom, on which, the succeeding furrow is turned. Thus, when the ploughing of the field is completed, there is a depth of several inches of pulverised soil below the ordinary surface-ploughing. This facilitates the extending of the roots of the plants to a greater depth, and gives them sources of moist- ure against extreme drought. These ploughs are already extensively used by our Farmers, and the demand far them is constantly increasing. Eagle E, No. 0, — Sub-Soil. — Is a one-horse plough, or at the South is used with two mules. Its sub-soil furrow is from four to six inches dee]», or below the surface furrow. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 15 Eagle C. — Sub-Soil. — For ordinarily clear soils. Its size is medium, but it is of sufficient strength to stand the draught of two or three, or even four horses. It will run to the depth of twelve inches. Eagle B. — Sub-Soil. — This plough is very large, and will break or pulverize the soil to the depth of eighteen inches. Eagle A. — Sub-Soil. — Is about the same size as the last, but it has either a double or single wing-point. And it also has an inclined plane upon either or both sides at the same time. The draught-rod had better be used with these ploughs. It can scarcely be dispensed with, as without it the off ox or horse is compelled to walk on the furrow, instead of on the hard land. Besides, the plough works more easily in the surface-soil furrow with than without this ap- pendage. NEW YORK PLOUGHS. To meet the demand for ploughs at a cheaper rate than the above de- scribed ploughs, we manufacture extensively the following, which are of the same dimensions and material, but are not so highly finished, and the iron-work unpolished. New York Plough No, A 1.— For loamy and clay soils. A light one-horse or mule plough. New York Plough A No. 2. — Size larger than A No. 1. New York Plough No, 14. — A one-horse light plough for sandy soils. New York Plough No. 15. New York Plough No. 2 B. — Small two-horse plough far any kind of work. New York Plough Eagle No. 1. — Medium two horse plough. New York Plough Eagle No. 2. — A strong two-horse plough, for any kind of work. One-horse Corn-Ploughs.— No. 10£ « « « U£ " 121 Corn Seed 16 AGRICCLTTRAL AXD HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Two -Horse Ploughs, - No. 19i M.&H. « « « 20 " h u « 21 " « " " 131 " Bergen Ploughs. — For two horses and general work. No. 1 iu>> ok vu a — u " 2 n. & h.— " 18 it " 19 Dutcher's— . " 1- " " 2 m. & co's— " 3 H " 4 Besides these, we have every variety of plough used in the United States, or West Indies, or any part of the world. Every description of plough, as well as all kinds of Farming Imple- ments manufactured to order, at the shortest notice, and at the lowest prices. We are also prepared to furnish castings for any of the following ploughs per cwt. : — New York, Eagle, Minor -» c C3 ■£ CU .S e « -Q O O 5= . o _ — C s -ä >■» s 'S -c ^3 ° ce eu "3 5 C ° '5 'm 63 P T" hO i- > co 63 CS 0v> _ C o co 6 co "3 S3 p -T3 S* co c ° C co ■— C 5 « « p, c S s o? co ;_, *--« co g>S~ -S g «a t© 63 _£ g _C ~ co - 2 ° 53 *S 5a 53 co 3 O CT- S ° a o "c * s es -a o *^ 2 .s 2 *> - o ^ ÇO M 53 ■ •3 p C 1 a .2 C g bß £ ex, * S* 63 C3 — > o -3 o 2 S r c» .s * '5 ^3 .2 s •- § '5 « E c 2 •<§ .-= %- T3 .O £ tj g s œ I * * o ~ ~' « S O CO o O O — jg — -r Ci t^ =a£ J2 ,:J fcn^ 'S o •S g « ë 3 ■-' .5 c > 53 ■go 5-> ._» o te Wl'l? 5 S fcfc - - flooo ^3 22 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. menaauons, for being the best machine ever offered or examined by the committee. Being made out of the Provinces, it could not receive a premium. It was also exhibited iu operation at the exhibition of the district fair held at Xenia, Ohio, under the patronage of the State Board of Agri- culture, where it received a diploma and the highest encomiums of the committee — it being, in their opinion, the best Horse-Power, Threshing- Machine and Separator they ever saw in operation, and they warmly commend it to the farmers of Ohio. It was also exhibited in operation at the fair of the Hamilton Agri- cultural Society, near Cincinnati, with the same results as at Xenia. It was also exhibited at the fairs of the Monroe County Societv, at Rochester, in 1S48; the Rensselaer County Fair, at Troy, in 1847 and 1S48 ; at the Saratoga County Fair, at Ballston, in 184S ; at the Worces- ter County Fair, at Worcester, Mass., in 1S4S : and in all cases, with- out exception, it has received the highest encomiums, diplomas and pre- miums, for utility, simplicity, portability, efficiency and cheapness of cost. Thus far it has been the aim and object of the manufacturers and patentees to make and sell their own machines, with the common right of using them, so long as they can supply the demand ; believing that the sale of exclusive rights would tend to retard their general intro- duction, as is too often the case with valuable inventions, from the fact that purchasers of such rights of making and using, by offering an in- ferior article, or oftener charging exorbitant prices for them, do injury to their character, and place them beyond the reach of farmers of or- dinary mep.ns. The power itself occupies little space ; is compact, light and portable, and can be used by the weight only of the horse or horses at an ele- vation of from 16 to 22 inches in 10 feet, according to the size of the horses. The moving parts are simple — as sufficient speed and direct motion is obtained with but one shaft, without gearing or crossing of bands — thus avoiding a vast amount of friction which is unavoidably produced by the complexity of ordinary powers in use. The horses walk on a hard plank flooring, with a second floor underneath, to avoid accidents in case the first planks wear through. One set of plank- ino- usually wears to thresh from 20 to 30,000 bushels of grain; and when worn out can be replaced at an expense of £3 to &6, by an ordi- nary mechanic. The whole platform traverses each way on its own small wheels upon an iron rail-track. This Thresher is different in many respects from most others, inas- much as it is an overshot, with concave above the cylinder, thus ad- mitting of a level feeding-table, and the feeder to stand erect. By this motion all hard substances are prevented from getting into the thresh- er, thereby avoiding the breaking of spikes, and accidents ; and by means of a brake the whole is instantly controlled by the feeder. The grain, by this motion, is not scattered, but. thrown upon the floor within three feet of the machine, and admitting of a Separator to be AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 23 attached sufficiently high to allow the grain and line chaft" to fall through it, while the straw is thrown off without being cut, and in fit condition for binding, while the grain with the fine chaff is left in the best condition for the fanning-mill, and can be readily cleaned by one operation. The cylinder is smaller in diameter, of greater length, and has only one-third the usual number of teeth. The concave has nearly double the usual number. The Separator has been sold with each Thresher, and is considered indispensable, as it does the work of several men, and more perfectly. Finally, the advantages of these machines may be summed up as fol- lows : 1st. Their great simplicity and reduced friction require much less power. 2d. Fewer men are required to attend to its operation, no driver is needed, and all can be operated by the hands usually about the farm. 3d. All can be operated inside of barns in stormy weather, when men and teams could do little else to advantage. 4th. The Thresher is equally calculated for threshing clover and timothy seed. 5. The cost of the Two-horse-power Threshing-machines and one of the best Fanning-mills, with belts and extras, (sufficient to wear out the machines,) is but $1*75 ; while the cost of an ordinary gear and pinion horse-power, with a combined thresher and cleaner, is from $225 to $250 and $275 ; making a saving to the purchaser from $50 to $100 in the outset, besides saving him from the expense and trouble, in nine cases in ten, of running their grain through a fanning-mill before it is fit for market. 6. The power required to operate these machines is, at the least cal- culation, less than one-half that required to operate any gear and pin- ion-power and thresher and cleaner combined now in use, on account of the extra amount of friction produced by the greater number of shafts, pinions, gearing, bands, wheels, "!' [^B satisfaction have they given that not one in a thousand -^T-S *W has been returned, although all are warranted satisfac- -•»*S. t ^ jt js a sjmp]e cylinder, with a kind of large hop- Fig. 7. per upon the top, with a cover or lid to fit. It has an iron shaft, polished and closely fitted in metal boxes at each end, and on this shaft are suspended two floats or frames at right an- ales with each other, thus forming four floats — and by turning the shaft bv means of the crank, the floats, being confined to it, are turned at the same time, breaking the cream four times at each revolution of the shaft or crank. These floats are removed or taken out of the churn in a moment, by unscrewing and drawing out the crank first — thus LTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPL1 making it very convenient to remove the butter after churning and cleaning the churn. The churn may be filled more or less to suit those using it ; but gen- erally about two-thirds full is the best plan. In churning care should be taken not to turn too fast, as it only delays the coming of the but- ter, and is harder for the person using it. In case this is filled more than half full, the milk should be drawn off at the bottom, so as to bring the whole below the shaft before it is withdrawn to take out the butter. No. No. 4, for 8 to 1 5 cows. 5, " 15 to 25 1, for 1 to 2 cows, 2, 3 to 5 " 3, 5 to 8 " In using they are placed upon a bench, table or platform. Being so compact in shape, they are cheaply, easily and safely transported to any part of this or other countries. Arrangements being made for a full supply of these churns, orders from farmers and dealers are re- spectfully solicited. No. 8.— Collins & Stone's Patent Cheese-Press.— This cut is a correct view of the press in actual use. It is con- structed by means of double or compound le- vers, which are so ar- ranged that the weight of the cheese or curd is the power which presses itself — and, as they are usually made, press in a ten or twelve-fold ratio. This is found enough for the commencement of the process ; but when more is required, it is added by simplv placing Fig. 8. Selj- Acting Cheese- Press. on the platform an extra weight — as a brick weighing four pounds would give 40 to 48 lbs. of ex- tra pressure. It is sufficiently strong to hold a cheese of 150 or 200 lbs. weight. The press is loosened in an instant by a small lever, about four or five feet long ; and a child can loosen it. By hooking down the lever the press answers every purpose of a table to turn and trim the cheese upon. The whole weighs from thirty to fifty pounds, complete, and occupies a suace of about two feet souare. There are three sizes now made No one who has ever used this press has returned them, or sub- stituted any other kind in its stead, although before the public for the •ast five years, and many hundreds have been sold. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 29 Wo. 9.— Agricultural Furnace.— The cut represents the most approved portable furnace for agri- cultural purposes now before the pub- lic. It is formed of cast iron, and is of itself both stove and boiler. The huiler is shown in the cut as detached from the stove. Its form is such that the lire passes completely round the ^IO- Cj- kettle or boiler, the space being some two or three inches between the outside or stove and boiler. This causes the water to boil quickly, and with very little fuel, and saves all the expense of masonry and brickwork, as a funnel or stove-pipe is all that is necessary to give it a draft for all purposes. They are admirably adapted to boiling and steaming vegetables and food for stock, and are convenient for many other purposes where large quantities of water are required to be heated. The following are the manufacturers' retail prices. They can be furnished both wholesale and retail. 15 gallons, complete. 22 do. 30 do. 40 do 45 do. 60 do. 80 do. 90 do. 120 do No. 10.— Cattle Tie or Chain.— This is the most convenient and secure mode of fastening cattle in use, and at the same time the most comfortable — the large ring being confined by a round post attached to the manger, and so loose as to slip up and down as the animals move their heads in feeding, or in getting up or lying down. The ends are thrown round the neck and the T end put through one of the small rings at Fig- 10. the other end of the chain, and thus the ani- mal is safely confined. Such a chain will last an ao-e. No. 11.— Bull Ring.- Fig. 11. -This little article is very neatly made from round polished iron. It is fitted together in two parts, and opens on a pivot or hinge, and is fastened by a screw on the opposite side of the ring. Every bull should be rung,. for with a ring in his nose the most furious ani- mal can be safely managed by any person, as one end of a stick three or four feet lono- can be tied to the ring, and by this the ani- mal can be led, handled and controlled with perfect safety and at the will of the holder. The ring is inserted by punching a small hole in the cartilage, between the nostrils, and then inserting the ring and screwing it together. 30 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. No. 12. — Wheat Drills. — As various kinds of sowing-machines aie in use for the purpose of sowing wheat and other grains in drills, by horses, we have the agency for sev- eral of the most approved, as Pal- mer's, Pennock's, and others. Bê- les, we are fitting up one up- on the plan of the seed drill-bar- row, (described in another page of this book), which, when dune will be offered to the public with the fullest confidence of success. We intend to make this serve the purposes designed more perfectly and more sim- plv in their whole operation, and so as to sow the drills any desired distance apart, and any quantity to the acre, and of such sizes as may be operated with one or two horses. Pig. 13. No. 13- Corn-Planter. — This is one of the best machines in use for horse power for corn in hills. The general form is similar to a plough without tuouldboards, with a hopper placed upon the beam. The seeds are dropped by two wooden slides or arms, which are moved alternately by a crank motion, in and out at the bottom of the hopper — these arms having cups or cavities which fill with corn, and as they are drawn out and over the pipe or tube are dropped intc it and fall to the ground beneath the share. No. 14.— Corn-Planter and Seed-Drill, — The annexed cut represents this planter. In using it the operator takes the han- dles, as with a wheelbarrow, and walks off erect. The machine, mak- ing its own furrow, counting and measuring its own quantity of seed, - deposits it in hills or drills at pleas- ure, and at any distance apart, cov- ering the seed after it is dropped, and compressing it after it is covered, by means of the roller, and doing AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 31 the whole at one and the same time. At the same time it is one of the most simple machines for the purposes designed that has ever been in- troduced. With this all small seeds are dropped by means of a re- volving circular brush inside, which operates quite on the bottom of the hopper. The quantity, as well as the different kinds of small seed, are regulated by means of movable tin plates with different sized holes in them, which are placed in the bottom of the hopper : the seed is forced through one of the plates with the proper sized holes by the brush. By this process all seeds — as carrot, parsnip, turnip, onion, :\ J. fPASEfl.SSJ ' Pig. 22. Fig. 22 is a represen- tation of the New Zinc Tubeing for the Chain Pump which seems to be all that is wanting to render this very popular pump perfect in every particular. The only se- rious objection which has ever been urged against the Chain Pump, has arisen from the fact that the water after a short time has been rendered impure by the friction of the Buttons on the sides of the Wood Tubeing — a very serious objection indeed, whether consider- ed in reference to its use for Dairy purposes, or in fact any other. But this objection, it will be at once seen, is entirely ob- viated by the Zinc Tube- ing, while it is entirely free from other difficul- ties to which the other is liable ; and is much more easy of transportation and adjustment than the Wood Tubeing. It is made of heavy zinc in sections, and put together without any difficulty, so perfectly as to require no solder at the joints ; and being fastened to a narrow plank or board is easily fixed in its position in the Well, in the man- ner represented in the Cut. This Cut exhibits a section of a Well and Curb placed over it, showing the Complete Adjustment of the whole ; and estab- lishes, at sight, the claim which this Pump has over all others for its Sim- plicity, Neatness and Perfection. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 39 No. 23.— Counter Scales.— This arti- cle is considered perfect, for weighing light weights. Thev can be furnished at whole- sale or retail Wo. 24. — Ornamental Garden Vases, of various patterns and sizes ; some new and very handsome. They are both useful and ornamental, and withal very desirable for porticos, walks, lawns, gardens, &c. Wo. 25. — Hay and Cotton Presses. — We have hay and cotton presses of various forms and qualities. We have likewise oil presses. They can be worked by hand, horse, or steam-power. 40 [CULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. No. 26.— Platform Scales, of various size-, weighing from a pound to a ton or more with the greatest accuracy. Thev are not liable to get out of order, and are easily repaired when, by long or rough usage, they mav have become worn or broken. Fig. 26. HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, No. 27.- Horticultural Tool-Chest— "A place for every thing. ;ind everything in its place,"' is a motto whose observance is greatly facilitated by the use of this article. Those we sell are very complete — containing a considerable variety of im- plements. No. 28.— Anderson's Patent Hammer.— The claws of these ham- mers are turned back, and extended so as to surround the handle with a ring, and prevent its breaking in drawing nails, or drawing out or be- coming loose. They are made of the besr cast-steel, and are of supe- rior workmanship. We have six different sizes, weighing from half a pound to a pound and a half. No. 29.— Fruit Gatherer. ground. To gather fruit without bruising, either with a net attached to catch the fruit as it drops, or a sort of cloth hose to conduct the fruit to the AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 41 No. 30.— Pruning Saw and Chisel.— This is a chisel with a JfPfrn Made about three inches wide Fig. 12. ind four inches long, with a wooden handle of sufficient length to allow the gardener to stand on the ground and trim in any part of the tree. A saw about 12 inches long is fastened on the side of the chisel and chisel sockei which is used in sawing off the larger limbs. No. 31.— Lopping oi Branch Shears.— Foi trimming shrubbery and the excision of such limbs and sprouts as have not sufficient body to admit the use of the pruning saw and chisel. Fig. 31. Mo. 32. — Pruning Scissors with BOWS. — For autting small twigs, trim- ming flower bushes, and cutting flowers. A useful article for ladies. Fig. 32. No. 33.— Sliding Pruning Shears.— These have a movable cen- tre, so that one of the blades makes a sort of draw cut, like a knife, and leaves the surface next the tree smooth, instead of the mesh cut of ordinary shears. They are better fin- ished and not so long as the lopping shears. No. 34.— Garden or Hedge Shears.— This article can be had with or without the pruning notch. The notch is of advantage for trimming hedges or shrubbery, as it will cut a much stronger twig than the shears. Fig. 34. Fig. 33. 42 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Fig. 35. Wo. 35.— Grass Edging or Border Shears. — For trimming the sides of baths and grass edges. They are sô made that the opera- tor may stand upright whilst using them. The wheel is sometimes at- tached, and is by some considered an advantage. No. 36.— Ladies' Garden Shears. — Useful for many pur- poses. Wo. 37— Ladies' Pruning Shears. — These have wood han- dles, and are handsomely and light- ly made. They are used for trim- ming shrubbery and cutting branch- es too long for hand shears. Fig. 37. Wo. 38. — Pole Pruning Shears. — This is a pair of pruning shears attached to a pole of any re- quired length, and worked bv a cord and pulley attached to a lever. It will cut branches 1| inches in diameter, and the operator may stand on the ground and prune in any part of the tree that the pole will *IG- 38> reach. A small size of this species of shears is used for cuttfng small branches from shade trees, and fruit trees to which insects are attached. Fine fruit may be gather- ed by their being cut at the stem, and caught, in falling, in a basket at- tached to the instrument, when used for this purpose. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 43 Wo. 39.— Pole Pruning Nippers. These have a sliding cut, which leaves the branch cut off as smooth as it could be done with a knife. It is better than the pole pruning shears, but will not cut a branch over an inch in diameter. Fig. 39. Fig. 40. Wo. 40.— Pruning Scissors.— For trimming clusters of Grapes growing too thick together, and for trimming out leaves, twigs, &c. Wo. 41. — Flower Gatherer. — This is a pair of scissors combined with tweezers and pincers. Flowers, such as roses, &c, having thorny stems, may be gathered with this in- strument without inconvenience ; the Fig. 41. branch or stem cut off being held by the pincers, and drawn out with the instrument from among the thorns. Fig Fig. 43. Wo. 42. — Hand-sliding Iron-handled Shears. — With a sliding centre and spring, makes a perfectly smooth cut, and is the best instrument for pruning roses. Wc. 43.— Grass-edging Knife. — A knife fitted to a straight handle. It is used fur paring the edges of grass-bordering or walks. It will also cut the outline of sods, that they may be more easily raised by the spade. iv Wo. 44.— Briar or Bill Hook.— Of va- jrious forms, for trimming hedges, cutting brambles, brush. &c. Fig. 44. 44 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Fig. 45. No. 45. — Garden Rakes. — For smoothing garden- beds — sorting out stones and hard lumps of earth from their surface. Also for covering seeds, and raking out weeds, cut grass, &c. No. 46. — Grass Lawn Rakes, with teeth in the form of a lance, sharpened on both sides, and is a sort of comb to tear off the flower-heads or buds of daisies, dandelions, and other plants in green lawns Fig. 46. No. 47. — Garden Trowels. — Used in transplanting garden vegeta- bles and small roots, trees, &c. Useful, also, for dressing the soil among tender plants in confined situations, and for loosen- Yig. 47 WS tüe r0°ts. No. 47i. — Spades and Shov- els.— 0. Ames', Carr's, Stone's and Stackpole & Co's cast-steel and iron shovels. Also, Stackpole 3 9 S a m ■a àjs K ö -S £ fe M >*; o o S> <~£ 1 O « wiSa *J si »H Q* cö-d 3 à * .s 2 8 1 o g 2 ÄÖ ^ >»--^ >-3 -Ö rt s « -He es a ir le to g 0 a ® 00 c ^ o o. 4 , for large > o S S "3 s> N .£ a co "üJ z No. 49. — Canal or Railroad Barrow.— Various sizes. The above are made by responsible manufacturers, and warranted equal to any others in the country. Fig. 49. No. 50.— Brush and Bramble Hook. Fig. 50. -For cutting briars about i fences, and brushes. It is very strong, and may be used in cutting the undergrowth of forests. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Fig. 51. No. 51.— Garden Chairs. — We have various patterns of these chairs. They are of cast iron, and much used in ornamenting gardens and lawns. jy.ffAUEAv. Fig. 52. No. 52.— Lumber and Baggage Wagons.— We have a variety of wagons, capable of sustaining from one to two tons, on good roads. We make them with wooden or iron axles, with or without springs. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 47 ROLLERS. Fig. 53. This implement is used to smooth the surface of the field, and fit it for the cradle. It crushes or crowds into the earth all sods, stones, or other loose matter which the harrow may leave to disfigure the surface of the field, or to embarrass the business of harvesting. It presses the earth about the seeds, and ensures an earlier germination. It also assists light, sandy and porous soils to hold the roots of the plants, and to retain moisture, to promote their growths, and to prevent the drying-up of ma- nure, or the exhalation of their gasses, which are so beneficial to vege- tation. Fig. 53 represents the best kind of Rollers, being wholly of cast-iron, except the tongue or thills. They are from 18 to 24 inches in diameter, in separate sections of one foot in length, turning independently of each other on a wrough-iron axletree. Four sections may be rigged with thills and drawn by one horse ; but six sections require two horses. They are of all sizes and weight for hand or team. MOWING AND HARVESTING IMPLEMENTS. We have every variety of Scythes and Snaths, which are sold separate or together. We have some strong Snaths for Bush-Scythes, with two heel-rings. The Scythes are of the best cast or German steel, double re- fined, with backs single or double, ribbed or plain. 48 AGRICULTURAL AND IIOKTICULTl'KAL IMPLEMENTS. No. 54.— Snath and Scythe. Fig. 54. Grass, Long Grain, and Bramble or Bush Scythes, No. 57. C. In the selection of a scythe regard should he had to the ground upon which itis to be used, and the work that is to be done with it. On smooth meadow lauds or bottoms and surfaces, free from stones, a lon^ narrow scythe, like h>, but a little more turned at the point, is best. The strokes bein among the gra«s presently destroys the edge on a soft- tempered scythe. The liability of a scythe to become bettered on stony land requires that its temper should be such as will afford it tenacity. A hard brittle edge would require too much time to grind out its batters, AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 49 which it would be likely to receive by use in stony uplands. For rough- surfaced uplands a shorter scythe is to be preferred, that it may be adap- ted to the inequalities, and be carried more readily through the grass, by the si.lcway stroke, often found neeessaty, to pick out the grass among the rock's and stumps. A wide scythe, C, lifts the edge higher from th« ground, and is preferable for rough upland mowing. No, 58. — Grain Cradle. — Of the latest and most approved make, with a superior scythe. Fig. 58. No. 59. — Revolving Hay-Rake. — These Rakes are among the most useful of inventions, as they facilitate the saving of hay from sud- den showers and storms, and diminishes the necessary help required in the hay season. With this Rake, by aman, a boy and a horse, from 15 to 25 acres can be raked in a day. It can be used on quite rough ground Fio. 59. 50 AGRICTLTl'KAL AND HOKÏICTLTTRAL IMPLEMENTS. Wo. 60— Mayher & Co's Horse Power, with Thresher and Separator. — Of Mayher and Co's Two and Four-Hone Powera (See Figs. GO, GOJ-, and GC4) wo manufacture two sizes — one to be driven by two horses, and the other, much larger and stronger, to be driven b}' four. ~- ■- - ,T- E. - ~ -. ■- _ «s g e» o ~ ï '" ~ ,3 g — , — r- .= — t - - zi — - A r- 1 1 1 1 s =~~~ S - '" ir-.= 3 Sc-5 I 'Z s -2 S "a Jb»J8 . *«S - ' r - a ao ce a — -- gGq | ell I s * Sc " S ? «^ « - > 0 I Hin' ; ■ ■ - IE _: - - i — 0 g "S 2 -£ £ X "œ ^ fc - ï 2 rl 2 IS p .= cS e*4 ^£ S c: - as -< — •— o b3 — C 3 et i- ■•3 O 0 o 1 hi 3 DO D ai ç o 09 1 '-2 03 J» -Il en a Ph if as > c — — "5 .= p. É"1 -r " j~ 08 O -^ >> o *- SI •P ►» / 45 f: - ta O — 33 o o «S _: g Œ _i K ^ r» J3 — s e |^ -= - - c3 - :- 6 ~E_ Q '6 S ' = OD o ~ on — o b£ r -O o X - fs © — — „, rs g _£ x s .£.'- 5 S od ö > c S s- ~i ^x s_ fe a o ... > ~ r- *J o c c S - = S - r= X o c JC3 rn *-" b9 "' HS* «2E3 ACKICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 51 walks over, up to the pulley. On a good Threshing-machine, (such as we make to go with them,) you cm, with a two-horse power, thresh from 150 to 200 bushels of wheat, and from 250 to 300 bushels of oats, per day. And with the fourdiorse power, you can do nearly twice the work. They require from two to three men or boys to work them. They ought to be kept well oiled when in operation. They are very much liked by those farmers that have them in use. They have taken the highest premi- um at the New York State Fair. Two horse power. W " " . Two " " Thresher 24 inch cylinder, Four " « " 30 " " Belt, forty feet. Straw-Carrier attached to either Thresher, © o 6 'v^' /* I f i ^ o O Ci ■« a * t S 3 Ol pO x is fÄS 0/ © £° — o ~ 'S P p. d Ji 03  s *» *3 «*-■ 3 03 -r ^ © ~ C. © C3 2 -^ * 03 -^ Z— 2 3 o rS o :- -a >■*• _S «3 o to*» o 3 •- S « û — _= I— H ■tf *» 3 a tx. cs S 2 AGRICTLTCRAL AND HORTICTLTTRAL IMVLEM! Füg. noi represents our Threshing Machine, with Straw-carrier and Separator attached. 5 «? J. - - = B — — « 4Nt»^ s I fS §< .5 > « « js _ — — a" ■ •" — " - — a — 1 rf- Js s? b! § - | £ E 2 - J= ■= o s -?"-" - ? » S ■ ~ — - — ^ — £ -c_- " r - - ^ = = •= - ~ ■ ."S 1.3 i ° >-. "E 8 - - ^ .3 S - g « cr. g g jg i .■- ~ - *•"' o — ~ - °"- X i — ■~ -E C +a - - -- — "E ïr_E "ï - - _ _= = y- — - - _ ^ r — - r -; x -3 _z — S « C £ — y. :. — — - - - X g <-i y* p j. £ :'- > «O fc fc x s — 5 - S sS î: • = - s _ b £ -2 « == --£- :y- b - - "~ - — = r •= s «s b is°«s ^s E _ — E J5»J2 * E la82 c >-. E -i E ^ œ . r - - — - _ - s «s§ = ^. «s g, S a js — - 1— *i .éj J ~ .S ? ^ = ~ - -* :: a l -=■ :_ i ■ r 0 .= j p C^ '-, ^ •- C •- ? .— T ~ ~ - — 7 5 C ■ »— i c S *: 1 1 p », o 5 — - ïx-_ s - - - — :- 2 3 3 o o S I. - E - - E •_ _ r e s ? - - s — e — " » o -Ja § s ? e S s ~ S S £~ C^-Ê - - ? . ■— m t»-. ■** *S - — — -E°> = = ii-E- The band should not be less than 40 feet long and 3| inches wide, and should not be too tight. It is better it should slip a little, so that if the horses make a sudden start they will not meet with too much resist- ance. Rice Threshers. — Planters who raise but a small quantity of rice will find the above grain threshing machines both convenient and eco- nomical ; as few would wish to go to the expense of* the machines which are constructed especially for the rice regions. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 53 CORN SHELLERS. No. 61. — Hand Corn-Shellers. — The accompanying cut is a good representation of the double balance- wheel machine. This is believed to be one of the most efficient and durable shellers ever used as a hand-sheller. Having been in use for the last ten years or more, and having had some alight improvement, it still stands at the head of the list of shellers for ease of operation, amount of work and dura- bility. With two men 200 bushels of corn are shelled per day : or with two hoppers and large balance-wheels, double that amount can be done with three men. It is equally well-adapted for the large ears at the south and west as for the smaller ears at the north. — They have a balance-wheel on each side : this balances the machine, and the wear of the shafts is more equal and durable. It is about one and a half by two and a half feet on the floor, and three and a half feet high. With the single hopper it weighs about 11 4lbs. : with double hopoer and balance-wheel it weighs about I50lbs No. 62. — Virginia Corn-Sheller. — This machine is well adapted for shelling ordinary Virginia and Maryland crops, or suitable for medium 54 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Corn Planters. They may be worked by one or two men, or by horse- power, and will shell by manual labor about 400 bushels, or by horse- power about 800 bushels per day. As regards simplicity of construction this machine rates A, 1 It separates the corn from the cob, both of which are left unbroken, and in the best possible order. *5 a _ a> o n ob r"1 .2 E, a ■"•-'•- d O O M co s ~ S> ^ cs >-> en £T5o ® 1 fe — , ^ e^ <» •sä > a _o CO si *- o ■^ ,û «5 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 55 No. 64.— Vertical Cast-iron Com-Sheller. — The Vertical Corn- Sheller is a hand-power machine, and has been in successful use in the south- ern and western States fur at least 30 years. The construction is so simple that the most careless hand eau scarce put them out of order — from this fact they may be called the negro's own corn-sheller. Their capacity is about 200 bushels per day. Fig. G 4. No. 65.— Goldsborough's Patent Com-Sheller and Shucking Machine. — This ma- chine is worthy the ai - tention of extensive corn growers. They are ca- pable of shelling 130 bushels per hour, and are warranted to shell 1000 bushels per day. without an extra effort. They break no corn, and leave none on the cob. It will also husk and shell 800 bushels of corn ier day. The constvuc- jption i> remarkably sim- ==sü§jple and durable — mad i jHfjBfpvith Btudded east-iron Jggjp cylinders, set over a UEÜyü^" spring concave, formed Fig. 65. of twisted revolving wrought-iron bars, which admirable and simple plan produces an ease, security and rapidity of performance that is truly astonishing. 56 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Fig. 66. No. 66.— Bark Mill and Com and Cob Crusher. — This is the com- mon Bark Mill of the tanners, but is sometimes made of smaller size. It is used, also, to prepare the corn and cob for grinding in the ordinary grist-mill. Experience has fully tested the utility of feeding the corn and the cob-meal to- gether in fattening cattle or swine Whether the nourishment in the cob be more or less, it affects the digestion and keeps the animals in a better state of health, and prevents them from becom- ing surfeited from overfeeding. Corn meal ground with the cob becomes a more safe feed tor horses than when it is ground alone. No. 67.— Corn and Cob Crusher. — In this machine the cobs are first cut in short pieces by means of a strong spiral knife at- tached to the axle, and then parses between two grind- ing plates made of compo- sition metal, that will last some two or three years and be then replaced by new ones. Duplicate plates may be ordered with the machine. They are worked by hand or horse-power. Fig. 67. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 57 IT.;. 68. No. 68.— Hand and Horse Grain-Mill.— H)i- is a very durable and efficient machine, simple in construction, and not liable to get out of order. — Willi one-horse power it will grind four bushels of fine meal per hour, and more it' the meal is coarse. Lake No. 07, when the grinding plates are worn out others can be put in. Du- plicate plates ran always be furnished. It is also calculated to be worked by one or two men, and will grind half the above quantity. The screw D is the regulator No. 69.— Hand Grain- Mill. — The annexed cut rep- resents a very convenient pur- table hand-mill, fur use on plantations, or by persons liv- ing remote from any public mill. It will grind from one to two bushels per hour, and is well fitted tor grinding cof- fee ani spices. This mill can, however, be propelled I y water Or other power. The plates can be replaced when worn out — as in other iron mills. — The attachment of hois.- pow- er to the propulsion of milk, ^~? etc., is shown in Fig. 60. Fig. 69. Besides the above we have Coffee and Grain Mills of a Smaller 5lZE, which will be sold at less price. We have also Fitzgerald's Patent Burr- Stone Mills. 58 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. No. 70. — Rice and Coffee Huiler. — We have various patterns of these machines that will hull from two to ten bushels per hour, ac- cording to the size of the machine. Fig. 70. No. 71.— Portable Stone Grain-Mill, —For Hand, Horse, or Mule Power. — This cut represents a mill for corn, wheat, or plaster. They are made of the best French stone, and are of different sizes. They are very durable, and of a construction so simple that they do not easily get out of order. — They are easily regulated to grind coarse or fine, at the will of the operator. When the stones become worn they can be pecked up with a pecking-tool. We have on hand of the following sizes, viz : — 13 inches in diameter, 250lbs. weight, 2 feet square, 4 feet high. — Grinds 3 bushel per hour. 16 inches in diameter, 400lbs, weight, 2 feet square, 4 feet high. — Grinds 4 bushels per hour. 20 inches in diameter, 7 00lbs. weignt, 2 feet 8 in. square, 4 feet high. Grinds 5 bushels per hour. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 59 24 inches in diameter, lOOOlbs. weight, 3 feet square, 4 feet 6 in. high. Grinds 6 bushels per hour. 30 inches in diameter, 1400ms. weignt, 3 feet G in. square, 4 feet 6 in. Iiigh. Grinds 7 bushel per hour. The 13 or 16 inch mills may be woriced by two men or a mule. 20 and 24 inch mills by 2 mules or a horse. 30 inch " " 4 mules or horses. These horse-powers are made of good material and are as aurao.e as the mills. They can be applied to various purposes. They can easily be taken down and packed for transportation. For description see page 35 of this Catalogue. No. 72. — Sugar Crusher. — These machines are in much demand by grocersaml others. The sugar is crushed as taken from the hogshead, thereby equalizing the moisture of that taken from the sides and bottom, and much improving the appearance of the sugar. They are turned by hand, easily kept in order, and will crush from 6 to 12 hogsheads per day, according to size. No. 73.— Patent Straw-Cutter— These machines are thought to excel all others for cutting hay, straw or cornstalks. The knives being supported by wings cast on the cylinder are rendered suffi- ciently strong to cut the largest cornstalks with great ease and dispatch; CO AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. and as the knives are regulated by set-screws it gives them a great ad vantage over all other cylinder cutters in use. There are other cylinder cutters, the knives of which are fastened with rings at the end, without wings to support them ; and on all such cutters the knives are wholly unadjustable, except with keys or wedges. No. 1 Cutter — with 8 knives. 2 U 8 " 2 u 10 " 3 u 8 " 3 u 10 " 4 u 8 " 4 a 10 " 5 a 10 " Green's Cutter, a 12 » tt 18 " u 24 " power No. 75.— Cyl- indrical Straw- Cutter. — This is made for hand or horse power, and varies in dimension accordingly. The spiral knives B, B revolve and act on a bed of steel in such a way as to supersede the ne- cessity of a very iharp edge. This will cut hay, stalks, straw, and other fodder, with great dispatch, and do its work quite well. AGRICULTURAL AND HÖBTICÜLTÜBAL IMPLEMENTS. Gl N0i 76. —Vegetable Cutter.— This is need for etttting potatoes, carrots, and other root», for hort a càttlé and Bheep. The cutting-vrheel is made from cast-iron, with timbers projecting like plane-irons, which slice the vegetable thin, while another Bet of trimmers cut these slices into slips, so there is no danger of choking the animal when they are eaten. CUTTING OF FOOD FOR CATTLE. Some of the advantages resulting from the use of the machines for cutting of fodder, may be stated — 1st. The saving of fodder; as tfaste is prevented in oats, and in hay. Arc, that is liable to be pulled from the rack and trodden under foot. The juices in the heavy butts and corn-stalks are as nutricious as those in the lighter portions of fee fodder, while the hard shells and surfaces cover those to be refused, when they are uncut. 2nd. The hard surfaces, when made tine, have a sort of medicinal property, in giving tone to the digestive organs, and a healthy action to the whole system. . , . , . , ■, • ,• j * 3d. The feeding of grain when mixed with cut fodder is relieved oi its tendency to bind the action of the bowels, and made to contribute its full nourishment to the healthy support of the animal to which it thus fed. 62 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Tlie great advantages as well as saving that are secured by these Straw Cutters is sufficient to commend them for use on every farm and planta- tion. Add to thi< the fact that their use can occupy a season of the year when the time could not be devoted to other pursuits with the same profit. Both straw and hay should be seasoned with a little salted meal, after being slightly wet, several hours before being fed to the stock. We have various kinds of straw cutters in addition to those already specially noted. The simple hand cutter is only useful where but a small amount of work is to be done, and where but one or two cows, or other animals are kept. Any considerable stock requires our larger ma- chines, more effective adaptation, and calculated for horse or other pow- er. These machines will cut hay, stalks, and shucks, \. ry fast, and with the greatest ease. They are perfect self-feeders, without the appendage of complicated machinery for this purpose — the whole being of simple construction, and not liable to get ont of repair. We have larger-sized machinery for cutting sugar-cane. No. 77.— Improved Corn- Cracker. — A superior invention for cracking corn and cobs, pre- vious to passing through mill- stones, and for grinding the same suitable for provender. Also, for cracking corn alone suitable for hominy, and the use of stables. Also, for cracking drugs ; hem- lock bark for tanning, and hard coal for forges. Fig. 11. No. 78. — Ox-Yokes and BOWS. — We have these articles construct- ed on the best models, for ease and adaptation in their use. A bad ox- yoke wastes the strength of the team, and often, by chafing the neck, produces the most serious evils. In the article we furnish there is a most perfect adjustment in its shape to the various pressures to which it is subjected. AGRICULTURAL AND IIOUTICTLTCItAL IMPLEMENTS. 63 No. 79.— Improved Ventilating Smut Machine.— This machine Las taken the premium at 8 different Fairs, and is one of those articles that improves its reputation the lunger it, is used. It has been so long before the public, and given such perfect satisfaction, that its further notice will not be necessary here. They are of different sizes and prices. VARIOUS FARMING IMPLEMENTS, FOR DITCHING GARDENING, Etc. No. 80.— Scraper and Hoe. Fig. 801, Fig. 80. A Garden Shuffler and light hoe. The first is of- ten made small, with a short handle, like Fig. 80^ — from three to twelve inches wide — used to stir the earth and to cut up the weeds in the garden. 64 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Hoes, Spades, Picks, Shovels, Etc. B. C. D. No. 81. — A, is a Field or Bog Hoe — strong and heavy. No, 82— B, A hoe with a pick. No. 83. — C, A Spoon Shovel, for digging post-holes. No. 84, — D, a round-pointed Spade or Shovel. We have also common Hoes, of different kinds and sizes, of a superior finish, made expressly for cultivating Sugar, Cotton, &c. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. B. 66 Wo. 85.— Manure Forks.— These are cut out of a Hat liar of Bteel, and, being fashioned into the proper shape, are spring-tempered, so that they will retain their proper shape with "ifting the heaviest weight. The lifting of a half pound of unnecessary weight on a fork to every ten pounds of manure or matter amounts to the raising of an extra hundred pounds in every ton. We also keep common manure forks, of all kinds and sizes. No. 86. — Cast-iron Dlrt- Scrapers, or Ox-Shovels— This artiele is of the most convenient shape for use on the plantation or in road-making, or any place that dirt is to be removed or deposited, where carting is not necessary. No. 87. — Wheel Barrows. — Of these we have several kinds. — For Canal Barron see, page 45 of this Catalogue. Fig. 87. 68 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. No. 88.— Hand Truck.— Th^ m designed for use in stores in tho ing of boxes, &c. We manufacture several sizes. Fig. 88. No. 89.— The Bush or Root-Puller.— The design of this is to hook on to the roots or a clump of bushes and pull them up. In grub- bing alder bottoms they are of great convenience. Fig. 89. No. 90. — Fire-Proof Iron Chests, in which title- deeds, notes and jewelry, plate and money, can be pre- served from destruction by fire, and secured from ordi- nary attempts at robbery. We can furnish these safes of any dimension, as re- quired. Fan PTills, — Besides the Mill described on page 25, we manufacture several kinds of Fan Mills at a cheaper rate, but a good, strong, and efficient article. We have also Grant & Co's, Grain Cradles. Saw Mills.- -For sawing large or small logs with greater or less ex- oedition, according to their construction, cost and size. AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 67 No. 91. — Brick Machine. — We can furnish these machines to or- der, of different patterns, and dimensions. They are worked by hand, and will accomplish the work of two or three moulders by the old me- thod. Those make a very superior pressed brick, which for quality brings the highest market price. Several of these machines placed in one yard might be worked by a steam engine, instead of the common horse power, for grinding the clay No. 92. — Glass Milk Pans — Furnished to order, with or without covers, holding from 6 to 12 quart-. These are a superior article, being easily kept sweet and clean, and not subject to be affected by electric changes in the atmosphere. Those who sometimes lose from fifty to a hundred pans of milk merely from the effects of a thunder s>torm will appreciate this advantage. GS MAYHER e cut while young and tender. They are considered excellent when eaten with lettuce. Corn Salad, or Fetticus. — This is also cultivated as a salad for winter or spring use. Sow the seeds in clean rich ground, in August and September, add cover in winter with straw. Egg Plant. — The seeds should be sown in hot-bed in March, and transplanted into the open ground in May, as soon as the ground be- comes wann. The purple variety is best for eating. It should be sliced and fried with ham ; or it be may parboiled, drained, and fried in a bat- ter of flour and eggs, or in fresh butter with finely grated bread, pre- viously seasoned with Bpice and herbs. The white variety is used for ornament. It makes a beautiful appear- ance when the plant is filled with fruit. Endive. — Sow in rich soil, at intervals, from April to July, in drills fifteen inches apart, and the plant eight inches apart in the rows. Hoe them frequently. Tie up the leaves when fully grown to blanch the heads. They are used as a salad. The green curled are the best. Indian Corn. — Plant about the last of April, in good soil. For very early use, plant the early white Jefferson. The Tuscarora comes in next, and is a very good variety. It remains a long time in the milky state. 92 THE OARDEK. For table use, to be eaten in the green state, no variety will compare with the sweet or sugar corn. Corn needs frequent and deep hoeing, drawing up the earth a little each time. Kale. — Plant in hills two feet apart. It is forced into growth in the spring, blauched, and used as asparagus. Leeks. — Sow in April, on a well-prepared piece of ground, and trans- plant in Juue into rows fifteen inches apart, and four or six inches from each other in the rows. Hoe up the earth about the stems as they con- tinue to grow, so as to blanch them and make them tender. Cutting off the tops of the leaves three or four different times in the course of the season is beneficial, as it makes them throw out new heart leaves. The London and Scotch are the two best varieties. The soil should be rich but not fresh manured. Lettuce. — Sow in February and March in hot beds, or in the open ground in April, in good rich mellow ground. When the plants have five or six leaves, transplant them into rows a foot apart each way. Hoe frequently, and in dry weather water plentifully. The finest of salads with vinegar and sugar. Melon. — Plant in hills of light soil, in the latter end of April. Muskmelon. — Plant in hills four to six feet apart. Prepare the hills by putting in a shovelfull of well-rotted manure at the bottom. Plant a dozen seeds in the hill, to allow for the depredations of the bugs. But eventually let but two or three good plants remain. The green flushed varieties are superior to the yellow. They should be planted a good dis- tance from squashes, pumpkins, &c, as they are liable to mix. Mustard. — The white, or English mustard is cultivated as a salad. The leaves are used like cress, when very young. Sow in drills, at differ- ent times, from April to June. Nasturtium. — This is deserving of cultivation on account of its beauti- ful orange-colored flowers, and its excellence in salads. The grain, ber- ries or seed of this plant, which it produces abundantly, makes an excel- lent pickle ; in the opinion of many, preferable to capers. It is sown in drills in April, nearly an inch deep. When about six inches high it should have sticks placed to climb upon ; or they may be planted by the side of fences, palings, they are apt to be hard and wormy, which is owing to their slow growth. Theysucceed best in new land, which is free from insects. The scarlet short-top and long salmon are the best kind for early plant- ing. When the weather becomes hot the turnip-rooted sorts sn best. Rhubarb. — Sow the seed early in the spring or in September, in rich deep soil and warm situation. If sown in beds they may be transplan- ted the next season into rows. The stalks are used very early in the spring for pies. Salsify, or Vegetable Oyster. — Sow early in March, the same as parsnips. The roots are taken up in the fall and preserved in the or remain in the ground and are dug up in the spring. The roots are boiled like parsnips, or cut up in thin slices and boiled in water, mashed, thickened with flour, and fried with salt, pork or butter. Scorzonera. — Sow in April or May, and manage like salsify, which it greatly resembles in its quality and use. Spinach. — Sow the rounddeaf, or summer variety early in April for summer use, and the winter, or prickly, in August and September for winter and spring use. When cold weather sets in it should be covered with straw, to protect it from the sun, and prevent freezing and thawing. It is excellent for greens. Squash. — Plant in April, in hills about six feet apart, and the soil well enriched with a good quantity of rotten manure or compost to each hill. Sow a sufficiency of seed to allow for loss by insects. Three or four plants are enough to leave for each hill. The early scollop, or bush squash is an excellent variety for summer use. Canada, winter cn>:>k- neek, and autumnal marrow, are considered best for winter use. The marrow must be planted at a distance from every other variety, as they are liable to mix. Sea Kale. — But little cultivated, though a most excellent vegetable. It is a perennial plant, and the young shoots which rise in the spring art the parts eaten. These are generally blanched by covering them with a large garden pot or box, or making a hill of earth over the crowns of tin roots. When cooked it is served up like asparagus. The cultivation is simple. Sel et a good piece of ground, and let it be dug very deep, say eighteen inches. Sow in April. The plants may be raised from the IHK GARDEN'. 95 seeds, or from offsets from the roots. The rows Bhould bo two feet apart, and the plants about a foot apart in the rows. If seeds arc sown it will be best to drop five or six into each place, to guard against acci- dents. The seeds vegetate very slow — if dry weather conic, water the I'd- frequently. In November cover the beds closely with a good thick coat of strawcy manure, to protect the crowns of the roots from injury by frost. Tomatoes. — Sow inhot-heds in March, or in the open ground in April. Transplant to about three feel apart. Place sticks or trellises for them to run upon, or set them near a fence and tie them up to it. They are a very wholesome vegetable, and, when properly cooked, are considered a great luxury. Tl'rxips. — Turnips may he sown at all seasons, from April to August, although those will be the best which are sown very early in spring; and those which arc sown early in August, for fall and winter crop. The best kinds for early use are the early white Dutch, ami early garden- stone. The white flat yellow-stone and yellow Arberdeen are excellent sorts for winter use. The value of rata baga for feeding cattle, etc., in winter, is too well known to need urging here. One thousand bushels can be grown, with good management, on an acre, and it is considered an extremely profitable crop for farmers. The seed should be sown from the first to the middle of June, as they require a longer time to grow than other turnips. Sow in (.hills on land ploughed deep and harrowed: thin them to the distance of twelve inches from each other, and give them one or two good hoeings afterwards. One pound of seed will sow an acre. Sweet ITeubs. — The seeds of marjoram and thyme are very small, and unless carefully sown will frequently fail to come up well. The soil should be made fine and raked level. Sow in shallow drills, twelve inch- es apart — lightly cover with fine earth, and press it down well upon the seed. Throw over the bed a bass mat or a little straw — just enough to cover the surface and prevent the sun from drying up the soil. As soon as the jilants are perceived remove the mats or straw, and if the weather is dry water frequently. Lavender, basil, and the other varietii sof sweet li rba may be sown in beds by themselves, and should be frequently hoed, and kept clear of weeds. Those which are biennials or perennials can lie protected through the winter by covering them with straw-manure or litter. Potatoe. — This root is the product of almost every soil, although a dry rich one is liest suited for them. A sod, turned over the preceding autumn, so as to become well rotted in the spring after the grass has well started, is perhaps the best suited to give a fair yield, and at the same time a fine, healthy, well-matured return. They may be planted 96 THE GARDEN". in hills or drills, according to the judgment of the cultivator. "Whole potatoes of a medium size are better for planting than small or large cut one. They should be well hilled up in hoeing. The hills may be about three or three and a half feet apart; or if in drills, they may be three and a half feet asunder, and the potatoes placed about ten inches apart. There area variety of choice potatoes which are at times popular in differ- ent parts of the country, and which, from the introduction of new and favorite varieties or the older ones becoming poor bearers, or from other causes, fall into disuse. Among the best of the present time may be mentioned the kidney, the pink eye, the Carter, the Mercer, r from one piece. They possess great strength, and are light and durable. NO. 114.— HORSE TOWER. one to six horses can be used to Tins power is formed by iron segments bolted upon a wooden rim, and gearing in- to a box wheel, to which is at- tached a shaft and pulley — from which mo- tion is impart- ed to machin- ery by means of a belt. From They travel round inside the rim. NO. 115.— WIRE FENCES. -1— ferent sizes. Fig. 115. The annexed cut repre- sents an economical, dura- . ble, and tasteful fence now coming into general use. It occupies little room, and can be afforded at less cost than any of the un- sightly zig-zag fences, or stone walls with which our farmers have hitherto disfigured their grounds. This wire is made of dif- NO. 116.— GARDEN ROLLER. Fig. 116. T hese rollers are formed of two cast- iron srmons with a shaft within them (from which additional weights can be suspended,) and a wrought-iron handle. The use of two cylinders in their forma- tion is to obviate the scraping up of the _ dirt in turning, which is so often the case in using those formed in one cylinder as the two move in opposite directions in turuinjr. 100 APPENDIX. NO. 117.— HAND COTTON GIN. These Gins do their work fully a» well as the power Gin. They are worked by hand, and are generally made with from sixteen to twenty saws. They are admirably fitted for trans- portation. Fig. 117. NO. 118.— FLORIST'S RAKE. These are maufactured from the best of cast-steel, and are an almost indispensable arti- cle in the floral department of Agriculture. Fig. 118. NO. 119.— SCREW WRENCH. Of this useful article we keep a large assortment, with all the latest improve- ments. They are manufactured from the very best material, and are unequal- led for "durability and beauty of finish. Fig. 119. NO. 120.— PRUNING SAWS. We have these of various shapes. The annexed cut represents the oue in common use. Fig. 120. APPENDIX. NO. 121.— FORCE PUMPS. 101 It is a well-known fact in science, that water can be raised by suc- tion bul thirty-two or thirty-three feet. To overcome this difficulty, and raise water to any required height at a cheap rate, the lifting or force pomp has been so simplified as to be afforded as l,,w as the or- dinary suction-pump Pig. 121 of the annexed cut represents the pump placed in the well as a suc- tion pump, within thirty-two feet of the water, with its air-chamber and forcing pipe attached, and the lifting-rod lengthened, connecting the handle and piston. Fig. 122 represents the pump in a compact shape, as sold from the manufac- tory. FlG- 121. Fig. 122. NO. 123.— GARDEN HOES. Fig. 125, These hoes are very serviceable in the various departments of IWticul- B ture. Fig. 126. Fig. 127. Fig. 12Î 10*2 NO. 129.— PROGRESSIVE POWER PRESS. Fig. 1 is a side view of the Progressive Power Press in operation. Fig 2 is an end view, with the follower up. and pushed aside, and the box ready for filling. These presses are a most convenient power for baling dry goods, paper, cotton, flax, hemp, rags. hay. wool, dbc. f adjustable pinion boxes, the boxes being hung inside of hangers attached to the frame itself The frame itself may be raised or lowered to any desired point, by mean- of sliding boxes inside the cir- cular bangers, where it is confined by a simple iron key. Hie motion of the cutlers is obtained by the connecting rod, passing along the outside of the tame to the fore end, where it connects with an elbow or knee iron. The other end of the elbow extends I h rough to the front of the main frame, and i-< confined m position by a heavy, sub- stantial bed-plate of iron. This cut represents a transverse section of the iron ßnger bar, with a sec- tion cif the cutter bar, cut- to, and dividers. B re- presents the cutter bar, to which the steel blades are attached on its under side, the bevel of t lie blades be- ing upon the upper side and sickle edge. These blades also extend back of the cutter bar, but not to a point, as forward. The edges of this rear part are same as forward the cutter bar, and serve to cut and clear all the "clog" or fibre which may possibly escape the forward cut, and become drawn into the dividers. D represents a section of the crank axle, which extends through the hollow finger bar, and supports its outer end. C represents the finger bar with attachments. A represents the divider, showing the openings and guides through which the cutters pass. This divider is made very true, with sharp corners, over which the cutters 12 APPENDIX. 107 pass, forming a perfect shears-cutting action. These dividers are wider than on most other machines, thus protecting the cutters from being injured by stones get- ting between them, (the Bpacea being less than two inches,) and compressing the grass or grain into a more dense body while being cut; the divider tilting round the under Bide, forming a strong tubular finger bar. Through this finger bar a .shaft is passed, and at its extreme end it is turned at right angles to the rear of the beam about two feet, and a castor wheel attached to its rear end to support the miter end of the bar — thus forming a crank shaft, or axle, as seen at D. At the inner end of this shaft is attached an iron crank or lever about three feet long, extending upward with a strap or chain attached to it. This strap extends along the main lever to the driver's seat, and is controlled at pleasure by the driver. This main lever, which is seen passing the driver's seat, is made permanent, to the machine itself, and is kept in any position, or elevation desired, by means of an upright post beside the seat, with a scries of catches and latch. The whole machine containing but one gear and pinion, and that an internal one, with the frame itself so suspended upon the axis of the main wheel, as to be elevated and depressed at pleasure, a horizontal or inclined (forward or back) position of the whole machine, at whatever elevation used, can instantly be attained, and retaining the cutting works in proper position. In reaping, an apron or movable platii mi is used, being made with a .strong frame work and light covering of wood and tin. The raker stands erect, face forward, di- rectly behind it. The delivery is at one side, and has a slight elevation above the cutters, about two inches above the stubble, and is over four feet wide. The engravings here represent both Reaper and Mower as being drawn by a forward axle and wheels, with driver's seat, as this arrange- ment is chiefly to obviate the side draft on the horses in cut- ting heavy grass and grain. They may, at the same time, and often are, more conveni- ently used without the for- ward wheels ; as where the grass or grain is light, fields small or very uneven surface, as a simple tongue is all that is required, permitting the horses to be hitched closely up to the machine itself as ! less room and time is required in turning. o 108 MAYIIER 4 CO'S CATALOGUE OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Breeding animals can be furnished by us, in all their varieties, from the best stocks in the country. All orders should be sent a reasonable time in advance of the fall months, to give us time to select and get the stock in proper condition for shipping South. The fall months are the proper season for shipping, as the animals become acclimated much sooner than when sent out in the spring. Among CATTLE, for either beef or milking, we would recom- mend the Durham. They can be sent South from six months to sixteen months old. Good animals range in price from $100 to $200. SHEEP. — Fine wooled Saxons can be furnished — Ewes from $5 to $15 ; Bucks, from $15 to $30. Their fleeces are smaller than the Merino, but much finer. Merinos can be furnished at all prices. Rambouiletts, from $50 to $150. Native Merinoes, from $5 to $40 each. South Downs, for mutton, from $15 to $25 each. SWINE. — The breed most in favor for shipping South is the Berkshire. These, with many other varieties, we can furnish at from $20 to $30 a pair. They should be shipped at from four to six months old. IMPLEMENTS AND SEED9. 109 GRASSES AND CLOVERS. Blue Grass Herds Grass, or Red Top Luoerne Orchard Grass White Clover. Ray Grass Red Clover Tall Oat Grass Timothy In GARDEN SEED our assortment is complete, as will be seen by the following list: TURNIP, Early Flat Dutch or Spring Early Snowball Early Red Top Flat Early Garden Stone Red and White Top Strap-leaf Large Flat Large English Norfolk Pomeranian White Globe Long White, or Cow-horn Long Tankard, or Hanover Yellow Stone, or Orange Yellow Aberdeen, or Bullock Long Yellow French Purple-top Kuta Baga MELON, Green Citron Nutmeg Pine Apple Skillmau's Fine Netted Persian Large Yellow Cantaloup Large Musk Long Island Water Mountain Sprout Citron Water, for preserves LETTUCE, Early Curled Silesia Early White Cabbage Brown Duich Large Green Head Fine Imperial Cabbage Brown Silesia Head Large India Butter, or Summer Ice Coss Paris Green Coss Fine Mixed Lettuces CABBAGE. Early York or June Early French Oxheart Early Sugar-loaf Early Flat Battersea Large York Large Drumhead Winter CABBAGE— continued : Large Flat Dutch Large Bergen, or American St. Denis Drumhead True Green Glazed Green Globe Savoy Fine Drumhead Savoy Red Dutch Kohl Rabbi ENGLISH BEANS, Windsor Early Lout; Pod. DWARF BEANS, Early China Early Valentine Early Yellow Six Weeks Early Mohawk Large White Kidney Refugee, or Thousand to One. POLE BEANS, Dutch Case Knife Horticultural Cranberry Large Lima Saba or Carolina Lima Scarlet Runner White Dutch Runner Red and White Cranberry BEET, Best Early Blood Turnip Early Yellow Turnip Early Scarcity Long Blood Red Smooth Long Dark Blood White Sugar Mangel Wurtzel PEAS, Early Warwick Early Frame or June Early Washington Early Charlton Early Double Blossom Dwarf Blue Imperial Large While Marrowfat Dwarf Marrowfat Green Marrowfat 110 ARTICHOKE. Green Globe ASPARAGUS, Giant BROCOLI. Early White Early Purple Large Purple Cape White Cape, or Cauliflower Cbappell's New Cream Colored BRÜSSELS SPROUTS CAULIFLOWER, Early London Large Late CARROT, Early Horn Long Orange Altringbam Large M lute Field CELERY. White Sulid New Silver Giant Large Manchester Red COLE WORTH, or Collarda CORN SALAD, or Eetticus CRESS, Curled, or Peppergrass Broad Leaf Water, or Winter CUCUMBER, Earlv Frame Early Cluster Earlv White Spine (verv fine) Short Prick y London Long Green Extra Long Green Turkey Gherkin, or West India EGG PLANT. Purple ENDIVE. Green Curled Broad Leaved Batavia CORN, Sweet or Sugar Early Tuscarora Early U bite Flint KALE* Green Curled Scotch Sea LEEK. Large Scotch cr Flag London MUSTARD, White or English MUSTARD, Brown NASTURTIUM ONH >N. Wether.-fi.eld, Large Red Yellow Dutch Yellow Sliver Skin White Portugal OKRA. Green ami White PARSLEY, Plain or Common Curled, "i 1 ).n.hle PARSNIP, Long Smooth PEPPER. Cherry Long, 01 Caj enne Toinato-.-haped. or Squash Large Bull-nose Large Sweel Spanish PUMPKIN, Connecticut Field Large Ch< • • ^* . RADISH, Wood's Early Frame Earlv Short-top Lung Scarlet Long Sal in« »n Earl) Scarlet Turnip White Turnip Yellow Turnip Black Pall Spanish RAPE, for Greens RHUBARB, Early Tobolsk MyattVi Victoria SPINACH. Round or Summer Prickly or Fall SALSIFY, or Vegetable Oyster SQUASH. Early Yellow Bush Scollop Early. White Bush Scollop Early Bush Summer Crookneck Green S riped Bergen" Fall, or Winter Crookneck Autumnal Marrow Lima C< Coauut TOMATO, Lurge Smooth, Red Large Yellow Small Yellow