A 0 — § 0 3 0 i 6 1 1 i^i 8 =" ''''^ 1 LIBRARY THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA PRESENTED BY PRESTON CLOUD PRESTDN E. CLDUD. JR. SECOND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF PEiNNSYLVANlA. REPOET OF PROGRESS. PPP. ^ERATIOCARID^ FKO.M THE UPPER D E V O N I A X MEASURES IX WARRKX COUXTY, / BY Chas. E. Beecheb. u With Opiates. EURYPTERID^ FllOM THE LOWER PRODUCTIVE COAL MEASURES IX BEAVER COUXTY, A.VD THE LOWER CARBONIFEROUS, PTTHOLE SHALE, IN VENANGO COUNTY, Jamks Hall. With 0 plates. II A RKIS \\V] RC;: PUBLISHED BY TIIP: HOARD OK COM MIHH10NBR8 FOK TUB SECOND <; KOI.O'JICAI, SL'UVKV. ^ 1K8 4. \C\) ^^' \V Entered, for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in the j'ear 1884, according to acts of Congreas, By WILLIAM A. INGHAM, Secretary of the Board of Commissioners of Geological Survey, In tlie office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. Electrotyppfl and printed by LANE S. HAUT, State Printer, Hairisburjc, I'a. BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS. His Excellency, ROBERT E. PATTISON, Governor, and ex-offieio President of the Board, Harrlsburg Akio Pardee, Hazleton. William A. Ingham, Philadelphia. Henry S. Eckert, Reading. Henry McCormick, Harrisburg. James Macfarlane, Towanda. Charles A. Miner, Wilkes-Barre. Joseph Willcox, Media. Hon. Daniel J. Morrell, Johnstown. Louis W. Hall, Harrisbnrg. Samuel Q. Brown, - - Pleasantville. SECRETARY OF THE BOARD. William A. Ingham, - Philadelphia. STATE GEOI_OGIST. Peter Lesley, Philadelpliia. ASSISTAxXTS IN 1883. Professor I. C. White, geologist, in Huntingdon county; address Morgan- town, W. V. Mr. E. V. DInvillikrs, geologist, in Centre county; 711 Walnut street, Philadelphia. Mr. A. E. Lkhman, geologist, in Cumberland and York counties; 711 Walnut street, Philadelphia. Dr. H. Martyn Chance, geologist, in Clearfield county; 2423 Fairmount Avenue, Philadelphia. Profe&sor E. W. Claypole, geologist, in Perry and Juniata counties; address in future, Akron, O. Mr. J. Sutton Wall, M. E., Monongahela city. Pa. Mr. A. S. McCreath, chemist; 223 Market street, Harrisburg. Mr. Leo Lesquerecx, fossil botanist; Columbus, Ohio. Mr. E. B. Harden, topographer, in charge of illustrations for reports, and general correspondence at head- quarters; 905 Walnut street, Philadelphia. Anthracite Survey. Mr. Chas. a. Ashburner, geologist, in charge of the Survey of the An- thracite coal fields; headquarters, address 907 Walnut street, Philadelphia. Mr. Charles B. Scott, assistant and secretary, Philadelphia office. Mr. O. B. Harden, topographer and artist, Philadelphia office. Mr. Frank A. Hill, assistant geologist, in the Northern Coal Field; Scranton, Pa. Mr. John C. Branner, topographer, in the Northern Coal Field ; Scranton, Pa. Mr. T. J. Williams, assistant, in the Northern Coal Field; Scranton, Pa. Mr. A. D. W. Smith, aid, in the Northern Coal.Field ; Scranton Pa. Mr. Arthur Winslow, as.sistant geologist, in the Eastern Middle Coal Field ; Philadelphia oflBce. Mr. William Griffith, assistant, in the Eastern Middle Coal Field; Pitts- ton, Pa. Mr. Bard Wells, assistant geologist, in the Western Middle Coal Field ; Pottsville, Pa. Mr. H. N. Sims, assistant, in the Western Middle Coal Field ; Pottsville, Pa. Mr. Baird Halberstadt, aid, in Western Middle Coal Field ; Pottsville, Pa. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. To His Excellency Governor Robert E. Pattison, Chair- luaiL of the Board of Commissioners of the Second Geo- logical Survey of Pennsylvania : Sir : I have the honor to present two reports on certain fossil forms found in Warren. Venango, and Beaver coun- ties, one by Mr. Charles E. Beecher, formerly of Warren, now of Albany, N. Y., and the other by our distinguished American palaeontologist, Prof. James Hall, of Albany, who. when other opportunities failed, kindly volunteered to study and describe the remarkable crustacean animals obtained by the Hon. I. F. Mansfield, in past years, from his coal mine workings at Cannelton. Ml-. Beecher s figures, drawn by himself, were litho- graphed by Breuker & Kessler, of Philadelphia. Mr. Mansfield's specimens, exquisitely drawn by Mr. George B. Simpson, have been reproduced in fac simile by a heliotype process in Boston. The Secoud Geological Survey of Pennsylvania was planned and has been prospcuted with a priuiary view to the material interests of the Commonwealth, the practical study of the rocks, tlieir structure and minei-al contents, and to as perfect a descrii)tion of them as ii diligent survey of facts could :iflV)r(l. with maps and sections and occasional photograi)hi<; views for illustration ; and I am happy to know that this conception of the proper nature of a State Survey has been approved by the Board of Commissioners, without reserve : and has been accepted with satisfaction also by intelligent citizens of the State, whether interested in the acquisition of such knowledge by possessing lands, or desirous of acquiring it as preparatory to exploring or mining lands. ° (V PPP.) vi V\T. i:ki»(>im' of imjookkssj. c k. bkeciiku. Hui tht^ education of a people cannot be confined within business limits. The learning of mere facts cannot advance the discii)line of minds beyond a certain i)oint. A truly intelligent people wishes to know the causes of facts, the reason of things, their relationships, tlieir history, the log- ical conclusions of every kind which can be drawn from them by investigation. What is called modern science is the endeavor to satisfy this craving of human intelligence for something more and something nobler than mere facts, — the instinctive conviction of our age that education must be not merely accurate but also wide ; that it is shameful to be satisfied with mere details; that apparently useless truth is in its very nature delightful and elevating, and is sure to become, sooner or later, in these hands or in those, in one direction or another, and always unexpectedly, useful. Therefore, while the plan of the Survey was practical, its geologists have always kept in view whatever could help to effect a thorough knowledge of the geology of the State ; especially those vegetable and animal forms Avhich are im- pressed upon or imbedded within the rock formations which underlie the soil. But the publication of this branch of the geology of Pennsylvania has been delayed for various reasons — chiefly because the study and delineation of fossils demand the entire time and exclusive devotion of those who undertake it, and cannot be successfully carried on bv a geologist who is commissioned to report on a large territory — to map an entire county — in one held season. SecondU' : The collection of fossils must go first, — their study and delineation is a tedious subsequent performance. Thirdly : The world of fossils has become so vast and the number of geologists who devote themselves to its investi- gation is so limited, that it has become necessary to divide it up into many parts. The collections of deep sea sound- ings made by the British ship Challenger have been dis- tributed for study to botanists and zoologists in every country in Europe, and even in America. So, in the study of fossil forms, Carboniferous plants are sent to one expert, LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. PPP. vii Cretaceous and Tertiary j)lants to another, Devonian plants to a third. Common forms of shells found in great num- bers in some of our strata are recognized by every geolo- gist; but whenever a new or comparatively rare form is dis- covered the specimen is sent to some palaeontologist of ac- knowledged authority at whatever distance he may be from the place where the discovery is made ; nor would an}* ge- ologist attempt to describe it without reference to museum collections and plates in published memoirs. And the same is true of corals, of fish, of mammals. Mr. Mansfield has had to wait more than seven years to get his Eurypterids properly described and figured as they are in this report. That the Survey has not been unmindful of its duty in regard to palaeontology is shown by the publication of the admirable report on the Coal Flora of Pennsjdvania and the United States by Mr. Lesquereux, who has been occu- pied ten years in its preparation and publication ; * and by the report on the Permian plants of Greene county and West Virginia, by Prof. Wm. M. Fontaine and Prof. I. C. White. Prof. E. W, Claypole's report on Perry and Juni- ata counties and the fossils of Middle Pennsylvania, the fruit of three years' field and office work, is now ready to go to press. Prof. Angelo Heilprin, of Philadelphia, has volunteered a report on the Permian shells of Wilkes-Barre. And in the various reports of Prof. Stevenson and Prof. White will be found copious notes of the distribution of fossil forms through the column of rocks in their respective districts. It must not be supposed, however, that the fossils of Pennsylvania have been adequately studied. In fact, their systematic study has but been begun. The patient field work which Prof. Claypole has expended upon tlie two counties of Perry and Juniata — or, rather, on parts of these two counties — must be bestowed on the other sixty-five counties of the Slate l)efore it can be said that this part of the Geological Survey of Pennsylvania has been accom- plished. A good beginning has certainly been made, but it *V()1. Ill, witli thirty new platon, now tHMes au(l a new index, is just is- suing IVoiii the State i)rinlin<; liouse at llarrishiirg. viii VW. KKi'oirr of I'K<»(;uess. c. e. beecher. will depend upon the infelliijent interest of the citizens of tlie State wlietlier or not tlie good beginning shall be pro- secuted to a good end. If the question of utility be raised ; if it be asked — as it undoubtedly will be by the common run of l)usiness men — AVI Kit is the use of such a report as the one I have now the honor to transmit to you '. Why sliould the State expend the hard-earned money of its citizens in publishing draw- ings of strange creatures buried in tlie mud of ancient peat- bogs or in the sands of the sea bottom of ages long ago — creatuies unlike any wliich now live, creatures belonging to an order of the world long since changed and done away— I have no definite answer to make to such a question. In a business sense it is of no use whatever, if one regards merely the facts drawn on the page plate. But even the merest business man will comprehend its utility, if he be interested in coal mines and can assure himself that the re- cognition of certain forms in one particular coal bed is likely to aid him in identifying that particular coal bed in other localities. The study of fossil shells found in formations beneath the coal measures is a really practical guide to cer- tain limestone beds, and sometimes fixes in a very practical manner the order of rocks containing iron ore deposits, es- i:)ecially where downthrow^ faults have disturbed or con- cealed that order. If the location of mineral beds has any- thing to do with the order of formations, which no intelli- gent person questions, and if the study of fossils is a help in the study of the order of formations, which all geologists know to be true, then the Government is justified in order- ing a complete survey of the fossils of the State, and the publication of their forms for the instruction of the people. But apart from all money considerations, every plate of these extinct forms, so strange to living eyes, is a lesson for each and every man, enlarging the range of human educa- tion, and discii)lining the intellect to the love and compre- hension of the laws and forces of nature, so benificent to mankind. J. P. Le.sley. PldJadelphia, June 18, 188 J^.. CERATIOCARIDiE FROM THE CHEMUNG AND WAVERLY GROUPS OF PENNSYLVANIA. By Chas. E. Beecher. The literature upon the subject 6i the paheozoic pliyllo- pods is comparatively very meager and fragmentary. An occasional discovery of a few specimens, as in the present instance, has resulted in the publication of one or more new forms, but nothing has led to a compilation and review of the palaeozoic forms of the whole order. The trilobita forming the bulk of palaeozoic Crustacea, and including such varied forms and numerous species, have received much at- tention from palaeontologists, so that a nearly complete mon- ograph of this order is now possible ; while of the Ameri- can ostracoda, merostomata, and phyllopoda, but little is yet known which would furnisL materials for an exhaust- ive monograph of the fossil species. In the present pai)er several new forms are j^resented and considerable structural detail is hei-e first given for the genus EcHiNocAKis, Wh/ffeJd, whicli it is hoped Avill add to our knowledge of rhe zoological relations of this and allied genera. Bibliographical History. 1339. — The first ])aheozoic fossils of this order were found in England and ])ublished by SirR. Murcliison. Professor L. Agassiz considered tliem as fin -spines of iishes, and re- (I VVV.) i? VW. i;i' i'<'i;r ok i'K()(;kkss. c. k. bkkciier. fenvd tlieiH lo the uvims ONcirrs. Only the separated jior- ti(»ns of rlit' nilid rail were then known, and this reference was nor unnatural. 18.")(). — These fraunients were ascribed to Ptkkygotus and consrimred as a sub-genus Li'n'TociiKLEs by Professor Mc- Coy. In the same publication he proposes the genus Cera- . Tioc.vKis, and describes rwo species. ISol. — The following year these species are again de- scribed by Prof. McCoy and properly classed with the Phyllopoda, which has since been the receptacle for all fossil forms of a similar nature. 1S62. — In 1852, Professor Hall made the first announce- menr in America of the discovery of fossils similar to those described by Prof. Agassiz as Onchus miircJdsoni^ and described the species Onchus deweyi, from the Niagara group of Xew York. {Pal. JSf. Y. Vol. it, p. 320.) 185 J. — M. J. Barrande x^ointed out the essential identity of the fossils described under the names of Onchus and Lki'TOCIIKLKS. with the telson and movable spines of Cera- TiocARis, and suggests that these names are superfluous. Since this time a number of new genera have been estab- lislied both in America and abroad, of which only those will here be noticed which lead directly to the species of the ])resent paper. 1S6.J.— In the 16th Report of the New York State Cabinet of Natural History, Professor Hall described four species of this order and referred three of them to the genus Cera- TiocARis. Two of these have since been recognized as having been described from different portions of individuals of the same species, and are now united under one species. 1876. — In 1876 the same author again illustrated these species and refered to one as Ceratiocaris {Arlstozoe) iiunc- tdtijs, and suggested that the specimens designated as Cera- tiocaris armatus were probably identical with it. {Illus- trations of Devonian Fossils, j)^- ^■^•) 1879. — Dr. A. S. Packard recognizes the importance of Nebalia and its fossil allies and their relations to the de- capods, and ] proposes the order PJtyllocarida for their re- ception. {Zoology American Science Series, p. 103.) TERMINOLOGY. PPP. 3 18S0.—Frolessor R. P. Whitfield in 1880 (Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xix) described three allied species from the Devonian of Ohio and established the genus Echinocaris, which is to include also, the species Ceratlocaris {Aristozoe) punc- tahts. Hall. Tlie present paper furnishes one new species belonging to the genus Echinocaris and two related genera considered as new to science, under which are described four species. Besides the crustaceans of the tj^pe of Ceratiocaris, Professor J. M. Clarke has shown (Am. Jour. Sci., Vols, xxiii and xxv, 1882-3,) that the Devonian series furnishes another distinct but allied group belonging to the proto- type DiscixocARis, Woodward. For the reception of these species he has erected the genera Spathiocaris and Dipter- OCARIS. 1883. — In ''A Monor/7-apk of the North American Phil- lopod Crustacea,^'' Dr. A. S. Packard reviews the genera of the family ceratiocaridise and enumerates the described species. Terminology. In the use of descriptive terms for the different mem- bers of these crustaceans, it has been deemed advisable to adhere to the establislied nomenclature, with perhaps a few slight introductions and variations. The terminology used is explained by the following diagram. It has been suggested tliat the so-called "optic spots" of McCoy and other authors may only be frontal bosses, and not connected with vision. ■ In recent forms such as Apus there are three eyes one of which is double [Baird], other genera show one (double) or two. In the species furnislied with a rostrum the eyes were probably stalked. None of the genera of the present paper have yielded any evidence of a rostrjd plate, and it is doubtl'ul if such an appendage will be discovered. The tubercle, as indicated above, is one of the most constant features of the carapace in all of the species and must have a special significance. In a number of specimens examined, by the writer, under the microscope a subcircular depression is observed at or 4 WW KlI'olM <•!■ IM:(HiKi;ss. c. K. IJEKCllEK. near the summit of tliis tubercle as in the ooelli of Euryi^- fcrifs, etc. Tlie fact that facets cannot be discerned is no criterion of tlieir absence in the animal, for numerous trilo- bites and Euryjjterus have as yet revealed no evidence of the compcnind character of their eyes, and on the other hand many species have large and distinct facets. It has also been noticed by Professor McCoy that this spot on the carapace is darker in the fossil than the general surface of the carapace, indicating the presence of pigment in the animal at this point. In the specimens of Elymocaris siliqua, Tropidocaris hicarlnata and T. interrupta of the present paper this character is well marked. « Explanation of Fig- 1. 1. Anterior margin. VC^^vve 2. Furrow Imiiting the cephalic region. 3. Lower or ventral mar- gin of valve. 4. Dorsal-line or hinge. 5. Posterior margin. 6. Articulating surface of somite. It 7. Fimbria or setse. 8. Crenulated inner mar- gin of spine for the attachment of setae. 9. Caudal plate. 10. Abdominal segments. 11. Thoracic portion of the valve extending to the furrow limiting the cephalic area. 12. Longitudinal ridge. 13. Nodes on the thoracic area. 14. Cephalic region. 15. Nodes and elevations. 16. Ej^e tubercles and op- tic spots. ECHINOCARIS. PPP. 5 Oeological Range. The following table gives the distribution of the de- scribed species of the genera Echinocaeis, Elymocaris and Tropidocaris. It is seen that the number of species reached its maximum in the Chemung group, which would naturally be expected from the almost total disappearance of the order Trilobita at the close of the deposition of the Hamilton group. Besides the species of the list here given, I have seen two undescribed species of Echinocaris, from the Chemung group, of New York ; also a large form belonging to the genus Elymocaris, from the Hamilton group of western N. Y. ; and another species, probably belonging to the latter genus, from the same horizon in the central i)art of the State. Echinocaris, Whitfield. punctata. Hall, . . . lonfiicauda. Hall, . . sublevis, Whitfield, . . pustulosa, Whitfield, . multinodosa, Whitfield, aocialis, Beecher, . . . Elymocaris, Beecher. siliqua, Beecher, Tropidocaris, Beecher. bicarinata, Beeoher, interrupta, Beecher, alternata, Beecher, . XXX XXX XXX X i} WV. REPORT OK I'U(»(iUKSS. C. K. BKKOHEK. Oi:i)Ku PIIYLLOCARIDA, iPAcKAiii), 1879.) Family Ckkatiocarid^, Salter, 18(50. Genus ECHINOCARIS, Whitfield, 1880. (^wi. Jour. Sci., Vol. XIX, p. S4, 1880.) ECIIINOCARIS punctata, Plate I, Figs. 13-16. Ceratxocaris ? punctntus, Hall. Sixteenth Rep. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist, p. 74. 1863 Ceratiocaris armatus, Hall. Sixteenth Rep. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 72. 1863. Ceratiocaris a7-matits, liAX.!^. Illustrations of Devonian Fossils. Explana- tion of PI. 23, Figs. 4, 5. 1876. Ceratiocaris {Aristozoe,) punctatus, Hall. Illustrations of Devonian Fos- sils. Ex pi. Plate 23, Fig. 7. 1876. Echinocaris pimctatus, (Hall,) Whitfield. Am. Jour. Sci., 3d Ser., Vol. XIX, p. 7. 1880. Capapace obliquely subovate in outline ; widest just posterior to tlie middle, width about two- thirds of the greatest length, which is four-fifths of the free segments of the abdomen ; compressed on the anterior half, becoming regularly convex over the posterior portion. Dorsal line straight, about equal to the width of the valves, situated anteriorly, so that one-third the lengtli of the valves projects beyond the posterior extremity of the hinge. Margins distinctly marked by a thickening of the test, rounded in front, making a broad curve along the lower edge of the valve, more rapidly curving around the lower jjosterior portion, and extending in nearly a straight line to the extremity of the dorsal line. The cephalic portion of the caraj)ace is distinctly marked by a fuiTow beginning at a i:)oint a little anterior to the middle of the dorsal line, curving outward and extending to a point on the lower anterior margin of the valve. This area, therefore, occupies the upper anterior portion of each valve, and is of a broad triangular form with curved sides. It is ornamented by a large rounded elevation, narrow ECIIINOCARIS. PPP. 7 towards the dorsum, broad and convex towards tlie lower portion, and occupying nearly one-half of the entire area. Near the center of the limiting furrow and just anterior, is a strong abruptly elevated node carrying the optic s]3ot, which is usually marked by a slight depression on the summit of the node. There is also a small node in each valve adjacent to the dorsal line, near the posterior apex of the area. The thoracic portion of the carapace is marked by two large tubercles, a long, sharp, doubly curved ridge, and a row of small nodes along the dorsal line. One of these tubercles is elliptical in outline, oblique, and situated near the middle of the anterior end, back of the optic node. The other elevation is elongate, with its longest diameter at right angles to the hinge, and marked by a small subcentral node. The ridge extends near the lower portion of the valve, concave to the margin along the anterior half of its extent, recurving and nearly following the contour of the lower posterior mai'gin of the valve. One specimen has been observed which preserves the mandibles in situ, and is represented in Fig. 16 of Plate I. The mandibles are broad and gibbous on the anterior portion becoming narrow below; furnished on their inner edge with a low of denticles ; situated near the center of the carapace, and are nearly one-third the length of the valves. Abdomen tapering towards the posterior. end, composed of six exposed segments, having a total length of one-fourth greater than the length of the carapace. The segments in- crease in lengtli towards the posterior segment, which has a length equal to two of the anterior segments, and is twice as long as wide ; while the anterioi- somites have a gi-eater width than length. The anterior dorsal mai'gin of each is tlii(;kened and arched backwards ; the posterior margin is furnished with fi-om four to six strong s})ines, which projec^t over the articulation of the succeeding segment. On the two anterior joints these spines are much shorter, ai)i)earing only as nodes. The ventral side is without spines, but is fui-nished with broad arti(Milating faces. These characters indicate a great freedom of motion in the parts of tlie abdomen and ac- count for the many i)ositions in wliidi this member is found. S rri"*. KKI'OKT OF llNXiKKSS. C. K. HHIX'H >:!:. Tki.sox short and bro:ul, tint and quadrani^ular on the ventral side : trianirnlar and carinated on the dorsal side, and produced info a long, slender spine, having a length alxuit equal to twice that of the posterior segment of the alxloMien. To the ventral side of the caudal plate are ar- ticulated two movable spines, about equal in length to the spin! form extension of the telson. These spines are grooved ak)ng their lateral margins, and marked by a carina on their dorsal face. Test thin, somewhat thickened on the margins and dorsal line of the carapace, and at the articulations of the abdomi- nal segments ; ornamented over the entire surface of the carapace, mandibles, abdomen, and tail with minute gran- ules or pustules, Avliich give a punctate appearance to the whole. The specimen represented in Fig. 13 of Plate I has a length, exclusive of the tail spines, of 57 m m. The cara- pace measures 30 m m. in length, 20 m m. in breadth, and 18 m m. along the hinge- line. The segments of the abdo- men, beginning with the anterior one, measure respectively 3.5, 3.7. 4, 4, 5, and 8.5 m m. in length, — showing that the posterior segment is more than twice the length of any of the first four segments. The three posterior ones, com- mencing with the distal segment, have diameters of 5.5, 7, and 8 mm. respectively. The left valve of this species figured in the 16th Rept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist, has a greatest length of 55 m m., with a breadth of 37 m m. The three abdominal segments figured in the same publica- tion also belonged to a much larger individual than any noted in the present description. This species differs from £J. sublenis, Whitfield, (Am. Jour. Sci., Vol. XIX, p. 36,) in the more numerous nodes and tubercles of the carapace, the curvature and direction of the ridge along the thoracic portion, and in its more elon- gated abdominal segments. The same characters serve to distinguish it from E. pustulosa, Whitfield, (loc. cit.,) with the addition of a marked difference in the surface or- namentation, which in that sj^ecies is distinctly pustulose. It is readily distinguished from E. socialis, in its larger ECIIIXOCAKIS. PPP. 9 size, less conspicuous and differently located nodes, and in the more simple character of the ornamentation. This well-marked species occurs in the shales of the Ham- ilton group at several localities in the central portion of the State of New York. It is here introduced for the sake of comparison, and for a better elucidation of the characters of the following species. I am indebted to Professor James Hall, for the permission to examine and figure specimens of this species, belonging to the New York State Museum, at Albany. These collections furnish conclusive evidence of the identity of the abdomen and telson, referred to Ceratio- caris armatus, with the carapace described as Ceratiocaris \ pinictatus. The specimen Fig. 16, Plate I, is the only one yet ob- served in this genus showing the mandibles and their posi- tion. In 1865 Professor Henry Woodward, of the British Musetim, described and figured a specimen of Ceratiocaris papllio which preserved the mandibles and showed the po- sition which they occupy in the carapace. These two ex- amples add materially to our knowledge of the characters of this group, and with the nearly entire specimens de- scribed in this and in the succeeding species, furnish us with material for a comparison with their recent ally — Nehalia. Some of the specimens are covered with numerous exam- ples of a small species of Crania^ which from the perfect preservation of the EcJi i nocar is were probably attached dur- ing the life of the crustacean. The shales carrying these remains are highly charged with other fossils, among which are fragments of fishes, Bei/richia^ Lepcrdilia, Phacops^ Ilomalonotus^ OrtJcoceras^ Nautihcs^ Loxonema, Pleuro- toviaria, Bellerophon, Platyostoma^ numerous species and genera of lamellibranchiata, with a few species of brachio- pods and bryozoaris. Associated with numerous specimens of E. pmictala are frequently found mandil)les or jaws of the form I'epresented in Figs. 9-11 of Plate 11. These are evidently of crustacean origin and although somewhat similar in form to the mandi- bles undoubtedly belongini; to E. punctata, they probably 10 PPP. iiKPoiM- OF I'uor.r.Ess. r. e. beeciier. belong to a species orlierwise unknown. In general form tliey are triangular with a broad Hat manubrium for articu- lation or the attacliment of muscles. Inner or masticating side arclied laterally, concave to the dorsal side of the cara- pace. Crown lunate, broadest anterior to the middle, and furnished with a row of usually six, more or less, bicuspid denticles. The denticles become more prominent and acute towards the posterior extremity of the crown, where they are also somewhat oblique, while anteriorly they are broad and obtuse. The test forming the crust of the mandible reaches a thickness of more than one mm. over the denticles, but becomes very thin over the expansions of the sides and on the manubrium. For this reason very few of the specimens preserve more than merely the row of denticles. M. J. Barrande has figured and described several speci- mens of a similar nature and has referred them to the genus Ceratiocaris from their association with species of this genus in the Silurian of Bohemia. It is therefore probable that these portions of the animal do not furnish sufficient generic character to be of importance. Formation and localities. — In the shales of the Hamilton group ; at Delphi, Pratt's Falls, and the shore of Cayuga lake, New York. ECHINOCARIS SOCIALIS, n. Sp. Plate I, Figs. 1-12. Carapace convex, obliquely ovate in outline, widest posterior to the middle, length about one-third greater than the width. Dorsal line straight, oblique, having a length of more than one-half the longest diameter of the valves. Margins thickened, carinated, curving outwards over the anterior end of the valves at nearly right angles to the direc- tion of the hinge, continuing in a broad curve to the lower posterior end, where the margin is abruptly rounded, thence extending in nearly a straight line to the hinge. Cephalic region triangular in each valve, distinctly lim- ited by a furrow extending from tlie center of the dorsum, curving outwards and downward to the anterior margin, ECHINOCAKIS. PPP. 11 and occupying about a foiirtli of each valve. This area is ornamented in eacli valve with a prominent rounded tuber- cle at its posterior dorsal apex ; and a large rounded eleva- tion occupying the whole anterior end of the valve, making in all four prominent elevations on the cephalic area. The optic node is situated on the lower side of the largest tuber- cle and adjacent to the limiting furrow. The thoracic portion of the valve is ornamented with an elongate tubercle near the middle of the anterior portion, produced into a nodose ridge following the contour of the lower margin and djing out before reaching the posterior end. A similar tubercle, but situated transversely, is found in the upper dorsal portion, and is continued in a nodose ridge adjacent to the dorsal line, and along the posterior margin of the valve. In the center of the area partially enclosed by these two ridges is a less prominent longitudinal row of minute nodes forming a third carina. The valves are also ornamented with minute irregular tubercles on the summits of all the elevated portions of the valves, a single row appearing along the three ridges and around the extreme margin of the posterior portion. Abdomen composed of six naked segments, which be- come more elongate towards the telson. Somites cylindri- cal, marked by a thickened rim on the anterior end ; orna- mented with four or more spinose nodes across the middle of the dorsal side, and by a row of smaller retral si)ines or nodes around the posterior dorsal margin. Caudal platk short, triangular, produced behind into a slender, acute, carinate spine, having a length equal to one- half the abdomen; also two lateral movable s})ines, extend- ing as far as the prolongation of the telson. Test thin. The largest carapace observed has a length of IS mm., and a width of 10 mm. A single cercopod belonging to a lai-ge individual has a length of 25 mm. A small entiie ex- ample has a total length of 16 mm., of wliich 6 mm. pertain to the carapace, 0 mm. to the abdomen, and 4 mm. to the telson and spine. This species is more highly ornamented than any yet de- scribed, and is the only one of the genus observed in the V2 PPP. KKPOirr OF-' ITvOdKKSS. C. E. BEECIIKU. rocks of the Chemung group in Pennsylvania. It somewhat resembles J^J. ptistulosd, Whit I"., hut has more nodes and ridges ornameuting the carapace, and is without t;he entirely pustnlose surface of that species. ^. sithleois, ^yhitf.. has hut a single row of spines on each abdominal somite, and the lateral ones are of considerable length. The series represented in Figs. 1—4 of Plate I, shows the dilierent positions of the abdomen in relation to the cara- pace, which have been observed, and illustrates the great flexibility of this portion of the animal. Pig. 1 repre- sents the abdomen extending in the direction of the longer axis of the carapace, and probably shows the normal posi- tion of the parts. In Fig. 2 the abdomen is elevated above the dorsum. Fig. 3 shows the valves open, with the ab- domen closeh^ curved around the posterior end of the left valve. The specimen represented in Fig. 4 has- the posi- tion of the abdomen the reverse of Fig. 1, extending obliquely from between the anterior ends of the valves. Specimens in the first and second of these positions are rep- resented on the piece of rock shown in Fig. 12, which also illustrates the abundance of specimens in some portions of the shales. The single fragment in question contains the re- mains of fifteen separate individuals, nine of wiiich are shown on the side represented in the figure. The specimens of Elymocaris s Hi qua, and Tropidocaris hicariiiata. which have been thus far found, are associated with this species. Besides the remains of the crustaceans here described, there are also several fragments in the collections from these shales which belong to other forms of Crustacea, but are too obscure to furnish satisfactory information as to their nature and characters. In addition to the crusta- ceans are numerous species of lamellibranchiata in the same occurrence ; also one or two species of brachiopoda, an Or- thoceras and the teeth and scales of fish. The data furnished by the specimens of E. punctata and E. socialis fix the number of naked abdominal segments in the genus at six. Formation and locality. — In the shales at the base of the ELYMOCARIS. PPP. 13 Chemung group as exposed at Warren, Pa. ; belonging to the upper strata of the series when considered in relation to the entire thickness of the group in New York and Penn- sylvania. ELYMOCARIS, Nov. gen. ['5/y,u«-, siliqua; ^a/>:c, caris.'\ Carapace bivalve, dorsal line nearly equaling the length of the valves. Valves elongate, longitudinally sub-quad- rangular or sledge-shaped, extending posteriorly slightly beyond the hinge-line. Margins thickened, regularly curv- ing from the anterior extremity of the hinge, making a broad sweep along the lower margin, rapidly curving around the lower posterior end, and extending to the hinge. Cephalic region marked by a distinct optic node near the anterior end of the valve, behind which are two low, broad elevations. Thoracic portion regularly convex. Rostrum unknown. Abdomen composed of two naked segments. Telson con- sisting of a short broad spine, with two strong lateral spines, which are crenulated along their inner margins for the at- tachment of tinibria. Test thin and without special ornamentation in the typ- ical sjjecies of the genus, which shows only vascular striae along the margins of the valves, and over the segments of the abdomen. This genus differs conspicuously from Eciiinocauis in the form and ornanieiitation of the valves, and in the num- ber and character of the segments of the abdomen. In tlie outline of the valves it is very similar to Troimixx^aiiis, and is distinguished by the absence of the strong longi- tudinal ridges presented by the species of that genus. Elymocaims SII.IQTTA, 11. SJ). Plate II, Figs. I, 2. Carapace i-Hgularly convex, pod-shaped, dorsiil line straight, somewhat shoi't^r tlian the greatest lengili of tlie valves. Valves elongate, longitudinally sub-(puidnnigul:ir or rhomboidal in outline; IfMigtli e(|ual to tnoi'c than twice the greatest widtli. Margins thickened, regularly cui'ving 14 PIM*. KKi'our OK ri:<)(;i{Kss. c. k. hkeciikr. outwards and backwards over the anterior end, extending in a broad oiirve along the lower margin, rapidly recurving around tlie lower posterior portion, and continuing concave an(;i:i:ss. .iamks hall. ErKYPTKiirs Maxsfikldi. Pliitos IV, Figs. 1-8; V, Figs. 1-11 ; VI, Fig. 1 ; VII, Fig 1 ; VIII, Figs. 1-3. Dolichopterus Mansfieldi, C. E. Hall, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. Philad. Vol. XVI,p.6Sl, 1877. Carapace semi-oval, nearly one fourth broader than long ; sides oblique, nearly straight ; margin indented, distinctly limited. Eyes reniform, prominent, situated a little for- ward of the centre of the carapace and about midway between a median line and the lateral margins. Between the eyes are two broad rounded longitudinal elevations and below are two similar oblique diverging prominences. Abdomen increasing in breadth from the carapace to the fourth segment, then gradually decreasing to the seventh segment, which is a little more than three-fourths the width of the fourth ; the body narrows abruptly at the eighth segment which is about one-half the width of the fourth. The last segment is longer than wide and about one-half the width of the eighth. The posterior angles of the six anterior somites are acute and slightly produced, the seventh is considerably extended and the five posterior somites are armed with strong angular retral si:)ines. The first segment is anchylosed to the carapace. The telson is very narrow and attenuate; its length about one-third of the entire animal; extremity acuminate. There are four simple palpi, of which the fourth ^Dair pro- ject beyond the margin of the carapace for a distance equal to the width of the carapace, and expose five joints exclusive of the terminal spine. The first pair expose only the last two joints. The margins of the joints of the palpi are ser- rated, and the outer posterior angles are produced into spines. The palpi terminate in a long curved spine or free dactylus. The large swimming feet near the carapace are comj)osed of short, broad joints. The penultimate joint has a length more than twice its width. The palette is elongate ellipti- cal in form, with the anterior terminal margin serrate. A small acute terminal plate is inserted in the ajDex. The median appendage of the thoracic plate is compara- EURYPTERUS. PPP. 33 tively very long, being six time^ as long as wide; the ex- tremity is divided into four lobes, two of which form the ex- tremity proper, while the other two are Just anterior thereto. The lobes are triangular, and the anterior pair are orna- mented with five or six strong plications. In the angle be- tween the distal pair is a short process which may be the point of attachment of a small terminal appendage. Other parts of the epistoma unknown. Two of the maxillse have been observed in position ; tliey do not differ conspicuously from other described forms of the genus. Metastoma ovate, bilobate at the smaller end. Surface ornamented with minute imbricating scales. On the posterior tergal portion of each somite the scales are larger and triangular. The lateral processes of the first six segments and lateral margins of the carapace are marked by sharp, oblique striae. The i:)rocesses of the posterior segments are nearly free from ornamentation, being some- times marked by one or two strife. The telson appears to be free from the characteristic ornamentation of the other portions of the test. On the metastoma the scales are larger and more irregular than on the segments. A large and nearly entire individual has the following di- mensions : Extreme length from the anterior margin of the carapace to the extremity of the telson, 228 mm.; length of carapace, 31 mm.; width of fourth somite, 53 mm,; width of last somite, 15 mm.; length of telson, 80 mm. The smallest specimen observed has a length of 83 mm., of which 30 mm. belongs to the telson. This species differs from E. sttjlus^ with which it is asso- ciated, in its greater size, so far as oKserved, the more elon gate form of the carapace, more api)roximate eyes, shorter palpi, and compaiatively much shorter and more slender telson. The cnud;il spine of E. Maiisfieldi is usually about one-third the length of the entire animal, while in E. .sfi/Iits it occupies nearly-one half of the entiiv length. E. Mazonensis, M. k ^V.. froMi the co.-il measures of Illinf)is, l)ears a close restMiil)lance to this si)ecies in gen- eral form and suiface oj-iianieiitation, but the carapace is shorter and mo]-e regularly rounded. 3 PPP. 'M PPP. UKPoirr OF I'UotiUKss. .iamks hall. The specimen represented in P^ig. 1 of Plate IV is here given in outline with the metastonia and maxillse in posi- tion. These parts can scarcely be detected on the finished drawing on acconnt of the obscnrity of the specimen, and the falsification which would result if these features were brought out conspicuously. Fig. 4 EuRYPTERis Mansfieldi. -metastoma. 6, b. — maxillae. ^ Foriaatioii and locality. — Found in the shale immedi- ately below the Darlington cannel coal, near Cannelton, Darlington township, Beaver county, Pennsylvania. Hor- izon, Alleghany river series. EURYPTERUS STYLUS, 71. Sp. Plate V, Figs. 12-15. Carapace broadly semi-oval or semi-circular ; length more than two-thirds the width ; margin distinctly limited. Eyes situated on a line across the middle of the length of the carapace and distant about one-fourth the breadth from the margin. Abdomen wide to the seventh segment, then abruptly narrowed and gradually decreasing in width to the telson. The first somite is anchylosed to the carapace. The widest EURYPTERUS. PPP. 35 part of the body is across the fourth segment, which is more than three times the width of the last one. Telson very long, having a length equal to nearly one- half tlie length of the entire animal. The palpi and swimming feet are comparatively longer than in the preceding species. Test marked by minute imbricating scales. On the pos- terior tergal position of the carapace and somites the scales are larger than on the other jiortions of the surface. A somewhat distorted specimen has a length of 99 mm., of which 49 mm. pertain to the telson ; the width of the fourth somite is 22 mm. and of the last one 7 mm. This species is distinguished from E. Mansjieldi by its shorter carapace, com[)aratively wider body, longer and stronger telson and the eyes are more oblique and distant. Formation and locality. — Found in the shale immedi- ately below the Darlington cannel coal, near Cannelton, Darlington township, Beaver county, Pennsylvania. Hor- izon, Alleghany river series. 8(5 PPP. KKi'ouT OF pr;<>(;r:i<<. jamks; hall. EXPLANATIONS OF PLATES. PLATE III. EURYPTKRUS BeECHERI. Page SO. Fig. 1. Dorsal view of rlie si:)ecimen described, showing the form of the body, the number, size, and orna- mentation of the segments, and also a portion of the large swimming appendages. Chemung group. Warren., Pa. PLATE IV. EURYPTERUS MaNSFIELDI. Page 32. Fig. 1. The head and first abdominal segment, with the palpi and other appendages attached. A j^ortion of the segment and lower part of the carapace is removed showing the median appendage of the thoracic plate. Fig. 2. A small individual, enlarged to three diameters. The palpi of the right side and telson are restored from other specimens. The lateral processes of the segments are not preserved. Fig. 3. A si:)ecimen of the natural size, represented on a block of shale and showing the ferns and other plant remains Avith which it is associated. Fig. 4. The fourth palpus of the right side enlarged to two diameters, showing the form and surface ornament- ation. Fig. 5. The second or third palpus from the right side, enlarged to two diameters. Fig. 6. The last two joints of the large swimming foot, enlarged to two diameters. EXPLAXATIOXS OF PLATES, PPP. 37 Fig-. 7. A terminal joint of one of the large swimming feet, showing the serrated margin enlarged to two diam- eters. The terminal plate is restored in outline. Fig. 8. A separated metastoma, showing the form and or- namentation enlarged to two diameters. EUKYPTERUS POTENS, n. Sp. Fig. 9. A portion of a large ectognath. Fig. 10. A large fragment of indeterminate relations, possi- bly a portion of a large ectognath. A colony of Splrorhis is represented on the upper right hand angle attached to some underlying substance, prob- ably of a plant. PLATE V. EUKYPTERUS MaNSFIELDI. Page 32. Fig. 1. An imperfect specimen, preserving the segments of the abdomen, the telson and the large swimming appendages. Fig. 2. A smaller individual, nearly entire, showing on the last abdominal segments what appear to be the ar- ticulating surfaces of the segments, or folds pro- duced by the pressing together of the ujiper and under surfaces. Fig. 3. A large spt-cimen, showing the entire form. Four of the palpi are preserved, and a portion of the right swimming foot has been uncovered under the abdonnnal segments. The specimen being too long for the plate, the extremity of the telson is repre- sented as broken and its continuation given above. The spinous pro(;esses at the post-lateral angles of the segments are \vell-i)reserved, and sliow a dis- tinctive ornamentation. Fig. 4. An enlai'geuient, to six fliauH'ters, of the edge of a portion of the left lateral niMriiin of tlie segments, showing the striated edge and ilir n.niow, triangu- lar scales uilli iiiiiiiitc interniedjnte scales. 38 1*P1\ KKPOUT OF rUOGKKSS. JAMKS HALL. Fig. T). An enlai"o;pinent, to ten (li;iin«'tei's, to show the change from the acute scales near the margin to sliort and more rounded forms. Fig. 6. An enlargement from rlie middle of a segment, showing the minute imbricating scales along the anterior portion and large, triangular scales on the middle and lower portion. The figure represents also the posterior and anterior portions of the adja- cent segments. Fig. 7. An enlargement of the test where it is ornamented with narrow, triangular scales. Fig. 8. Enlargement showing small and large rounded im- bricating scales. Fig. 9. A small carapace showing the characteristic elon- gate form of this part of the animal. Fig. 10. The caudal sjDine of a small individual. Fig. 11. A fragment of shale preserving two detached lat- eral processes of the segments, enlarged to two di- ameters. EURYPTERUS STYLUS. Page 3.'^.. Figs. 12, 13. Two carapaces referred to this species, showing their form and ornamentation. Figs. 14, 15. Two individuals of this species, showing the broad form of the body and the strong telson. Undetermined j-ragmknts. Fig. 16. A fragment of shale preserving several fragments of somites of undetermined specific relations. Fig. 17. An obscure fragment, i:)ossibly a portion of an ectognath. El^RYPTEKUS PENNSYLVANICUS. Page 31. Fig. 18. A view of the carapace described, showing its broad form, produced posterior angles and the ar- rangement of the nodes on the surface. EXPLANATIOXS OF PLATES. PPP. 39 PLATE VI. EURYPTERUS MaNSFIELDI. Page 32. A large specimen preserving the carapace, abdftmen and telson nearly entire, with three of the palpi of the left side. A portion of the test is removed along the median line ex- posing the process of tlie epistoma or median appendage of the thoracic plate. This fignre shows ver\^ satisfactorily the mode of occurrence and association of these fossils. PLATE VII. EURYPTERUS MaISTSFIELDI. Fage 32. The abdomen and telson of a specimen as it is seen lying in the shale. Heliotyped directly from a plaster cast of the specimen. PLATE VIII. EURYPTERUS MaNSFIELDI. Page 32. Fig. 1. A specimen preserving the body and telson, and showing in a very perfect degree the surface sculp- turing. This drawing M'as made from the si)eci- men, Plate VII Fig. 2. An imperfect individual as it is seen lying on a block of shale with some fragments of ferns and other plant remains. Fig. 3. A separated palpus enlarged to two diamet«M-s show, ing the form and ornamentation of the joints. \n this specimen the terminal dactylus and latend spine are free. THE publicatio:n^s OF THE Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania. REPORTS FOR 1874, 1875, 1876, 1877, 1878, 1879, 1880,1881, 1882, AND 1883-1884. Reports have been issued by tlie Board of Commissioners, and the prices thereof tixed in accordanoo with the law autiiorizing their publication, as fol- lows : ANTHRACITE COAL FIELDS. A'. Special Report to the LEaisLATURE itpon the Causes, Kinds, AND A.MOUMT OF W ASTE IN MINING ANTHRACITE. By Franklin Piatt, Assistant Geologist, witii a chapter on the Methods of Mining. Bj' John Price Wetherill, Mining Engineer. Illustrated by 35 tignres of mining opera- tions, a Plan of the Hammond Coal Breaker, on the Girard estate, and a Specimen Sheet, scale 800 feet to 1 inch, jji.-jjjths ol nature, illnstraiing the Proposed Plan of Mapping the Anthracite Fields'. By Chas A. Ash- burnor, Assistant Geologist, 1881. 8vo., pp. 134. Price. $1 10; postage, 80 12. AC. Report ox the Minin(j Methods and Appliances used in the Anthracite Coal Fields. By H. M. 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Geology of Lehigh and North- ampton Counties. General introduction, by J. P. Lesley. Slate Belt and Quarries, by R. A. Sanders. Water Gaps, by H. M. Chance. Limestone Belt ami Iron Ore Mines, by F. Prime. South Mountain Rocks, by F. Prime. Itinerarj' Survey, by C. E. Hall. Three lithograph and 3 artot\'pe views of quarries, and an atla.**. Pp. 283. Price, SO 65 : postage, ?0 13. D-. Vol. II. Part I. Report of Progress. Geology of the South Mountain Belt of Berks County'. By E. V. D'Invilliers. Illustrated by 18 page plates in the text, and by the maps in the Atlas. Pp. 441. Price, Zo 55 ; jxjstage, SO 18. D^. Volumes I and II, Atlas, containing a colored contour map of Southern Northampton on 6 sheets, a contour map of the mountain on 18 sheets, a geo- logical index map on 1 sheet, a colored geologic il map of Northampton and Lehigh Counties, and 4 maps of Iron Mines in Berks County. Price, ?2 80 ; postage, SO 17. D'. Maps of Adams, Franklin, and Cumberland Counties. South Mountain sheets A^, A^, B^ and B^. By A. E. Lehman. Price, SI 25; post- age, SO 08. (6) E. Sri;( lAi- ItKi'oKT on the Tuap I)ykks and Azoic Rocks of South- Eastkkn Pknn.syiaania— 187."). Part I, Historical Introduction. By T. Sterry Hunt. 8 vo., pp. 203. Price, $0 48; postage, ?0 12. MISCELLANEOUS REPORTS. A. lIisioitiCAL, 8KKTOH OK (iK«)i.o(u of tlie State for reference to counties. Price in i)aper, ?0 50; i)ostage, 5?0 08. Price in cloth, 80 7.'3 ; post- ago, $0 10. li. 187.") — Si'KCIAIj RkPOIII' on TIIK CoKR MANtTKACTunK OF THK YOTTOH- lOUHKNY RlVKll VaIjLKY IN Fa YKTTK AND WkHT MOKK LAN D (V)IINTIE8, with Geological Notcnoftho Coal and Iron Ore Beds, from Survey's, by Charles A. Young; l)y Franklin Piatt. To which are ajjponded: I. A Rei)ort on iMethods of Coking, l)y John Fulton. II. A Report on the useof Natural 1 00; postage, SO 13. M. Rkpokt of PuoaREss in the Labokatouy ok the Sukvky at Hakkisiujro — 1874-5. By Andrew H. McCreath. 8 vo., pp. 105. Price in pap(!r, $i) 50 : postage, $0 05. M-. Second Repoiit of Prooress in the Laboratory ok iiii: Sur- vey, at Harrisl)urg, by Andrew S. McCreath — 187f)-8, including 1. CMiwsi/iai- tion of Coals, by Persifor Frazer. II, Firebricik Tests, by Franklin Piatt. III. Notes on Dolomiti<; Limestones, by J. P. Lesley. IV. Utilization of An- thracite Slack, by Franklin Piatt. V. Determination of Carbon in Iron or Steel, l)y A. S. McOeatli. With 3 indexes, plate, and 4 page platcH. Pp. 438. Price ill clotli, $0 65 ; postage, $0 18. M.-. Third Report of Proorehs in the Ijaroratorv of the Survey, at Ilarrisburg. Analyses, ifec, &c. By Andrew S. M<;Creath. Pp. 12(5, with 2 indexes anil map. Price, $0 40; postage, fO 10. N. Rki'oki' of pROdREss — 187.5-6-7. Two Hundred Tari.es of lOi, eva- tion AMOVE Ti de-Levee of tlie Railroad Stations, Sunnnils and 'I'mmels; (^anal Lo(!ks and Dams, River Ridles, A'c, in and around Pennsylvania; witli map: p[). 279. By (Miarles Allen. Price, |>0 70 ; postage, fO 15. O, Catai.o(hie <>v the (Jeoeooioai, Miihuem — 1874-.5-6-7. Wy CbarleH 10. Hall. Part I. Colbictionof Ro(;k Sj)ecimens. Nos. 1 to 4,264. Pi<.217. Prirte, JO 40; postage, ?0 10. 0-. Cataloohe of the GKf)M>oi('Ai- Museuai. liyCliarles I''. Hall. I'art II. 1. Collections of rock sf)Ocimeiis, Nos. 42(55 to 8071. 2. I'aheontological sjxifiimens. Price, $0 40 ; postage, fO 12. p. 1879— Repori- and Ati.as of the ("oai, I''i,(>ka ok I'ennsvevania AND OF THE CaRHOMFEROUS FORMATION Til ROIMI HOtlT IllE UNITED States. By Leo Lesqueroux. PriiiO of Report, fO 80 ; postage, ?0 28. Pri(!i» r)f Atlas, ?3 .-{5; jjostage. fO 22. P-'. The Permian or Upper Carhoniferous I'i.oua of WEsr Vik- niNiA and S. W, I'ennhyi.vania, with 38 plates. By Win. M. l'"oiilaiiie, M. A., and I. C W^hito, A. M. Pricie, |2 25; jioHlage, fO 17. Other Reports of the Survey are in the liandH of the siule Prinict, and will Huf>lic(ition to all applicants for t/iCin. All the printed volumes and maps in stock have heen transterred hy the Board of Commissioners to the Department of Internal A Hairs, where the sales thereof will hereafter be conducted. Conununicjitions relating; to the work of the Survey should be addressed to .7. P. Lesley, .St^ite Geologist, No. 1008 Clinton street, Philadelphia, and those intended for the Board of Commissioners, to William A. Ingham, Secretary, No. 907 Walnut street, Philadelphia. All letters and orders concerning the purchase of Reports and remittances for the same, should be addressed to, J. SIMPSON AFRICA, Secretary of Tnternal Affairs, Harrisburg- Pa. April 1, 1884. (8) ■ Sec. Geol. Sl/rr,'// ')/■ P^yiji" /(VrSV /^^porf- P.? Pf. 7 a >>' WW 11 13 r , , 8 i ?I K .•- jr - - 10 PI 14 y 12 r^ /■:./■:."/ f. A /r '/, / Se^. Geol. Surrei/ o/Ten/i'^ 7fi^-^ •/ y:: /v // /■:j-: r/ /-.A'.Jr '/>/. Sec Geol Si^/yy/ nr P''/>y,-^ /^'S'-f- /f,-/yo,y J'.7 yv /// /■:/:>■/ r // /,' ,/./ REPORT OF PROGRF<^c; <;crnK(n GFO! ciidv/cv ocwtgcvi v/amia loo'i REPORT SECOND GEOL. SURVEY. PENNSYLVANIA lflfl4 REPORT P. 3. PLATE VI. * I ^x^ Oco. B. Simpson, Dci THE LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Tins BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW. RETD yj<^ 2/92 Series 9482 3 1205 02267 9292 UC SODTHFRN RFGIOMAL LIBRARY FACILITY AA 000 961 924 8 '2*'„ r >-