1

Cjf£

Natural History Museum Library

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

501

.

Station 155 (Sounding 259), near Antarctic Ice (see Chart 23).

February 23, 1874 ; lat. 64° 18' S., long. 94° 47' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 32°*3 ; mean for the day, 31°'3.

Temperature of water at surface, 31o,0.

Depth, 1300 fathoms ; deposit, Blue Mud, containing 11 *8 4 per cent, of carbonate

of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits ChalL Exp.).

*

At 12.15 a.m. brought ship to wind, and hove to. At 2 a.m. proceeded. At 8 a.m.
numerous icebergs in sight. At noon 44 icebergs in sight. At 1 2. 1 5 p.m. got up steam, and
at 12.45 p.m. shortened and furled sails, and proceeded under steam S.S.E. At 4 p.m.
numerous icebergs in sight. At 5 p.m. 88 icebergs in sight. At 5.30 p.m! observed pack ice
from W.S.W. to S.S.E. At 5.45 p.m. stopped, and examined and sketched details of an
iceberg. At 6 p.m. proceeded S.E. At 7.30 p.m. stopped and sounded in 1300 fathoms.
No sign of Termination Land, numerous icebergs in sight, and pack ice from E. by
N. to S.W. At 8.30 p.m. stopped and lay to; day very fine and sunny, but little wind.
Observed flashes of aurora australis during the morning watch. Sighted during the day
several whales, Cape pigeons, terns, prions, sooty albatrosses, and shot specimen of
Procellaria glacialoides, with Tsenia in its intestines and a Cephalopod beak in its stomach.

Distance at noon from Termination Land, 45 miles. Made good 84 miles. Amount
of current for last two days 20 miles, direction S. 61° E.

The dredge was sent down next morning (24th) at 4 a.m., about 10 miles north of
Station 155, but came up empty at 9.20 a.m., having probably never reached the
bottom ; weather stormy. At 1 0 a.m. Mr. Murray went away in a boat and picked up
some discoloured portions of pack ice. The discoloration was, on examination, found
to be due to the presence of Diatoms, Infusoria, Globigerina, and small Crustaceans, some
of which were alive. Some water was carefully filtered through the finest linen cloth, with
the view of finding Coccospheres or Rhabdospheres, but none of these were observed, nor
had they been noticed on the surface or bottom since leaving the latitude of the Crozets.

Station 156 (Sounding 260), near Antarctic Ice (see Chart 23 and Diagram 9).

February 26, 1874 ,v lat. 62° 26' S., long. 95° 44' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 34°*8 ; mean for the day, 33°’2.

Temperature 1 of water : — •

Surface, .

33-0

200 fathoms, .

/ 34-0

100 fathoms, .

| 31-8

1 34-0

\ 32-0

Bottom,

31-3

150 „

• if0

{ 34-0

1 Actual readings of thermometers.

(summary OF RESULTS CHALL. EXP. — 1893 ) 64

Station 155.

Station 156.

502

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Siatiow 156.

A*t*u> ntoa
Turk

Density at 60 F. : —

Surface, .

. 1 02508

300 fathoms,

. 1-02565

100 fathoms, .

. 1 02561

400 „

•

. 1 02555

200 „ . „

. 1-02565

Bottom, .

. 1-02515

Depth, 1975 fathoms ; deposit, Diatom Ooze, containing 2'08 per cent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Reuard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 8 a m. got up steam. At 9.20 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and proceeded
a: ■! r ,-t am to sound and trawl. Sounded in 1975 fathoms, and put over trawl. Obtained
~ . t inp' intuits down to 200 fathoms. Weather fine, wind moderate. At 4.30 p.m.

the trawl c.une up with numerous specimens, — one of the most interesting hauls made
timing the cruise. At 4.40 r.M. made sail, but, the wind rising to a gale, shortened and
t' u i - i at 5.40 v m., keeping during the night a position under the lee of an iceberg,
ob-crvi 1 slight aurora between 12 and 1 a.m. Birds as usual. Sea a greenish-blue
colour.

Dist nice at noon from Cape Otway, 2262 miles. Made good 87 miles. Amount of
current 13 miles, direction N. 10 E.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the- trawl at
this Station : —

Hexactixellida (Schulze, Zool. pt. 53).

Pnhjrh'ibdus ori/onnis, n.g., n.sp. One damaged specimen ; obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

Pexxatulida (Kdlliker, Zool. pt. 2).

UnJxUula carpenteri. n.sp. Several specimens; obtained also at Station 157,

1950 fathoms.

Deep-Sea Medusa (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 12).

Pt riphcnw. regina, n.g., n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

Asteroid pa (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Lonchotastcr fordpifer, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 157,

1950 fathoms. The only other species of the genus
( Lonchotastcr tartareus) was taken at Station 89.

< 'L>tori« *ter cataphractus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Freyella fragilis&ima, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 146.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

503

Ophiueoidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14). Station 156.

Ophioplinthus medusa , n.g,, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, grisea, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

These are the only two species of the genus.

Ophiernus vallincola, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 78 and 146 Only

species of the genus.

Ophiocten 'pallidum, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 160, 2600 fathoms.

Amphiura patula, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiacantha cosmica, n.sp. For distribution see Station 122.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Goniocidaris canaliculata, Agassiz. For distribution see Station 147.

Pourtalesia hispida, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 147.

,, phiale, Wyville Thomson. One specimen; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from North
Atlantic (“ Porcupine ”).

Holothueioidea (Theel, Zool. pts. 13 and 39).

Elpidia willemoesi, n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Scotoplanes insignis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Psychropotes longicauda, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 157

and 298, 1950 and 2225 fathoms.

Benthodytes sordida, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 157, 158,

and 298, 1800 to 2225 fathoms.

Cucumaria abyssorum, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained also at Station 147.

Pseudostichopus villosus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; for distribution see Station 61.

,, ,, var. violaceus, nov. One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality.

Gephyeea (Selenka, Zool. pt. 36).

Phascolion Intense , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 157, 1950 fathoms.

Annelida. (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Nothria abraachiata, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained also at Station 335,

1425 fathoms.

Ephesia antarctica, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Grubianella antarctica, n.g., n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained also at Stations 157
and 158, 1950 andl800 fathoms. Only species of the genus.

Lesena antarctica, n.sp. A few fragments ; obtained at no other locality.

504

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Sr*nos 156. AmphIPODA (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Valet t "i coheres, n.g., n.sp. (bio specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Isopopa (Beddard, Zool. pt. 33).

S-rolis lixnnleyana, Willemoes-Suhm, n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at

Stations 1G4, 168, and 169, 400 to 1100 fathoms.

Macrcra (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

11 nu )><•• molhcutis, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 87, 104,

133, 157, and 318.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pt. 30).

llicellaria injundibulata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 147.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Mela minus gracilis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Gonostoma microdon , n.sp. One specimen ; for distribution see Station 23.

Scope l u# antarcticus , n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 157,

1950 fathoms.

lb, - fish, v. et • dive when brought up. All the scales of Mdanonus were off except
two, which had a brilliant metallic reflection.

In addition to the foregoing, Palythoa, Actinian, and egg-capsule are recorded in the
Station -book.

Excluding Protozoa, about 100 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were
obtained at thh Station, belonging to about 37 species, of which 32 are new to science,
ntiudmir representatives of 13 new genera; 13 of the new species and 6 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

Will. m i - Sulim writ." “The bases of the arras in the Brisinga [ = Freyella
fr.bji/i >i 4/i v ■ iv occupied by an ovary, in which the eggs attained a consideral.de size,
... . unl t«. tho. •' in the pouches of the Kerguelen Schizaster. In many groups of

•1. t-.wer animal* it is possible to tell, from the size of the egg and the smaller or greater
u u.tit " of vdk to I- disposed of by the future embryo, whether there is a metamorphosis
< r . dir ■ * dev- lopm.-nt ; the latter is very likely the case here. In the Gephyrean no
j r -.-cm re r mm- v is . n ; rhe twisted intestine was as in Sipunculus, and was filled
w mud shin ng throu gh the skiu. It lived in a mud tube. The worm-tubes, belonging
a Scj Ahyx Iik \nn.l 1, were remarkable for the large Foraminifera used in their

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

505

construction. A Palythoa had settled on them. There was a capsule having three
compartments, in which there had probably been eggs ; it belonged either to a Gasteropod
or, as is more likely from the large size of the compartments, to a Cephalopod.”

Moseley writes : “ One of the large Holothurians had a deep purple colouring

matter, soluble in spirit and giving two absorption bands.”

Surface Organisms. — The following
Station : —

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40),

Aulodendron antarcticum, Haeckel.
Sagoscena pellorium , Haeckel.
Aulosphsera bisternaria, Haeckel.
Auloscena penicillus, Haeckel.

species are recorded from the surface at this

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).
Euphausia antarcticoc, n.sp.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65).
Clio sulcata (Pfeifer).

Fishes (Gunther, Zool.. pt. 78).
.Prymnothonus sp. (?), young.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books : — A few larvae of
Chirodota (?), small specimens of Alciopa and Tomo'pteris, a very large specimen of
Sagitta from the trawl, a few Cypridinidse, Calanids abundant, Hyperia , Primno.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ The Euphausise, very common on the surface near the ices
were scarcer in clear water, where the Copepod genera Calanus and Calanella
[ = Fucalanus j were the most abundant animals.”

Station 157 (Sounding 261), Termination Land to Melbourne (see Chart 24, and
Diagrams 9 and 10).

March 3, 1874 ; lat. 53° 55' S., long. 108° 35' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 38 '3 ; mean for the day, 36°'9.

Temperature 1 of water : —

Surface, .

O

37-2

90 fathoms,

32-5

10 fathoms,

•

36-8

100 „

( 32-7

20 „

36-8

' 1 328

30 „

36-6

200 „

330

40 „

36-6

300 „

330

50 „

36-6

400 „

32-6

60 „

36-6

500 „

32-8

70 „

33-0

Bottom,

f 32-0

o

oo

.

32-5

1 32-2

1 Actual readings of thermometers.

Station 156.

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

Station 157.

504

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 156. Am PH IPOD A (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Valettia coheres, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pt. 33).

St-ro/is bromleyana, Willemoes-Suhm, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at

Stations 164, 168, and 169, 400 to 1100 fathoms.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Ilymenodora rnollicutis , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 87, 104,

133, 157, and 318.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pt. 30).

Bicellaria in/undihulata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 147.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Melanonus gracilis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Gonostoma microdon, n.sp. One specimen ; for distribution see Station 23.
Scopelus antarcticus, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 157,

1950 fathoms.

The fishes were alive when brought up. All the scales of Melanonus were off except
two, which had a brilliant metallic reflection.

In addition to the foregoing, Palythoa , Actinian, and egg-capsule are recorded in the
Station -book.

Excluding Protozoa, about 100 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were
obtained at this Station, belonging to about 37 species, of which 32 are new to science,
including representatives of 13 new genera ; 13 of the new species and 6 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

Willemoea-Suhm writes : “ The bases of the arras in the Brisinga [ = FreyeUa

frayUi*'inui \ "were occupied by an ovary, in which the eggs attained a considerable size,
nearly equal to those in the pouches of the Kerguelen Schizaster. In many groups of
the lower animals it is possible to tell, from the size of the egg and the smaller or greater
quantity of yelk to be disposed of by the future embryo, whether there is a metamorphosis
or a direct development ; the latter is very likely the case here. In the Gephyrean no
prolioecis nor anus was seen ; the twisted intestine was as in Sipunculus, and was filled
with mud shining through the skiu. It lived in a mud tube. The worm-tubes, belonging
to a Nephthys-Uke Annelid, were remarkable for the large Foraminifera used in their

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

505

construction. A Palythoa had settled on them. There was a capsule having three Station 156.
compartments, in which there had probably been eggs ; it belonged either to a Gasteropod
or, as is more likely from the large size of the compartments, to a Cephalopod.”

Moseley writes : “ One of the large Holothurians had a deep purple colouring

matter, soluble in spirit and giving two absorption bands.”

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Aulodendron antcircticum, Haeckel.
Sagoscena pellorium, Haeckel.
Aulosphsera bisternaria, Haeckel.
Auloscena penicillus, Haeckel.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).
Euphausia cintarcticci, n.sp.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65)
Clio sulcata (Pfeifer).

Fishes (Gunther, Zool.. pt. 78).
Prymnothonus sp. (?), young.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books : — A few larvae of
Chirodota (?), small specimens of Alciopa and Tomopteris, a very large specimen of
Sagitta from the trawl, a few Cypridinidse, Calanids abundant, Hyperia , Primno.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ The Eupnmusise, very common on the surface near the ice?
were scarcer in clear water, where the Copepod genera Calanus and Calanella
\_ — Eucalanus \ were the most abundant animals.”

Station 157 (Sounding 261), Termination Land to Melbourne (see Chart 24, and Station 157.
Diagrams 9 and 10).

March 3, 1874 ; lat. 53° 55' S., long. 108° 35' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 38°'3 ; mean for the day, 36°‘9.

Temperature 1 of water

Surface, .

0

37-2

90 fathoms,

«

32-5

10 fathoms,

•

36-8

100 „

/ 32-7

20 „

36-8

\ 32-8

30 „

36-6

200

•

33-0

40 „

36-6

300 „

.

330

50 „

36-6

400 „

•

32-6

60 „

36-6

500

.

32-8

70 „

330

Bottom,

j 32-0

80 „

.

32-5

1 32-2

1 Actual readings of thermometers.

Station 157.

Animal* mox
Toawu

506 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Density at GO" F : —

Suriace, . . .1 02509 | 100 fathoms, . . . 1 -02537

50 fathoms, . . . 1 02507 j Bottom, .... 1-02561

Depth, 1960 fathoms ; deposit, Diatom Ooze, containing 1929 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At G.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails and proceeded under steam to trawl and
sound. At 8 a.m. put over trawl, and at 9 a.m. sounded in 1950 fathoms. A small
quantity of Diatom Ooze came up on the sounding tube. Several temperatures
were taken down to 500 fathoms. Samples of water w'cre taken from depths of
50 and 100 fathoms. The carbonic acid was determined in the bottom water, and
amounted to 4 4 '3 milligrammes per litre. The tow-nets, which were dragged at the
surface of the sea and a few fathoms beneath, came up nearly filled with a slimy
mass consisting almost entirely of Diatoms ; besides the Diatoms there were many
p lagic Foraminifera, Radiolarians, a few Copepods, Cypridinidae, Hyperidse, and
Pteropods. At 2 p.m. commenced heaving in trawl, which came up at 4 p.m. with a
large quantity of Diatom Ooze, many large and small stones, and numerous animals.
This was one of the most successful hauls of the expedition. A few of the usual sea-
birds were observed during the day.1 The wind fell to a calm during the afternoon.
There was a brilliant sunset, and at 11.45 p.m. a fine aurora australis, stretching in four
concentric arcs over the S.E. to W. horizon.

Distance at noon from Cape Otway, 1721 miles. Made good 137 miles. Amount of
current for the past three days 55 miles, direction N. 19° E.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Monaxonida (Ridley and Dendy, Zool. pt. 59).

Cladorhiza inonilifur/nis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Hexactixkllida (Schulze, Zool. pt. 53).

Hulascus polcjaevii, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Iialonella pipettu, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality. Only
species of the genus.

Pknnatulida (Kdlliker, Zool. pt. 2).

Urnbellula carpenteri, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained nlso at Station 156.

1 Th< following -fioci*-* of hirdu wen: noticed while nmongst the Antarctic ice : — OceaniUt occanicus, Thai
ylnriiifub*. Truth 1 1 , a ( A”]- ''«) antardUa, Omfraga ijigantca, Vwyxircrmn nivea, Daplum capcnsis, Prion dcso
Ihvmtdsa (PlucUtrm) fuliginota, Slercorariut antardiexu.

i’attX

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

507

Actiniaria (Hertwig, Zool. pts. 15 and 73). Station 157

Cereus spinosus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 237, 1875 fathoms.
Corallimorphus obtectus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Bathyactis symmetrica (Pourtales). For distribution see Station 24.

Leptopenus discus , n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 147 and 323.

Hydrolda.

Stephanoscyphus simplex, Allman, MS. (on the stones)..

Deep-Sea Medusae (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 12),

Atolla wyvillei, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens; obtained also at Station 318,

2040 fathoms. Only species of the genus. Recorded subsequently
from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator”).

Disconalia pectyllis , n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality,

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Lonchotaster forcipifer, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 156.

Hyphalaster planus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Hymenaster latebrosus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha loveni, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 146, 147, 158 (?), and 160.

,, fraterna, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, lienosa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiocten amitinum , n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 145 (?), 146, 149, and 152.
Ophiocymbium cavernosum, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species

of the genus,

Ophiacantha cosmica, n.sp. For distribution see Station 122.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Pourtalesia carinata, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 147 and 298.

,, ceratopyga, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 298 and 299, 2225 and

2160 fathoms.

Spatagocystis challengeri, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Station 147. Only species

of the genus.

Genicopatagus affinis, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

the genus.

Only species of

508

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 157.

Holoth crtoidka (Thecl, Zool. pts. 13 and 39).

El] mini purpurea, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 147.

ainbigua, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Scotoplan- $ qlobosa, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 299,

2160 fathoms.

robusta, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

7Yr igot e horn f or, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Oncxrophanta • mutubdis , n.g., n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained also at

Stations 146', 160, 241, 244, 281, 299, and 325. Only
species of the genus.

Pgychropotes longicctuda, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Stations 156

and 298.

var. monstrosa, nov. One specimen ; obtained at no other
locality.

n var. fusco-p urpurea, nov. Two specimens; obtained at no
other locality.

Bentlo >d t/tes sordida, n.g., n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained also at Stations 156,

158, and 298.

/'. udontichopus villosus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; lor distribution see Station 61.
Ektozoa (Linstow, Zool. pt. 71).

Protlulmiiis profund issima, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained at no other

locality.. Only species of the genus.

(Jkphykea (Selenka, Zool. pt. 36).

PJt • i.'co/ ton lute n$ot n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at Station 156.

Annelida (M‘ In tosh, Zool. pt. 34).

L. hnonicc j/roductn, Grube, var. wyvillei, nov. One specimen ; obtained also at

Station 145.

var. benthaliana, nov. One specimen; obtained also at
Stations 147, 241, and 244.

S’othria armandi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Tmphonia ttifvdlei, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

.1/ >ii Imu'da out'irchor, n.g. n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 146

and 152.

Priixdla aln/Hsorum, n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.
(J-rubinnella antarctioa, n.g., n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained also at

Stations 156 and 158. Only species of the genus.

P\**a a) tys.de oh , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

509

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3). Station 157.

Macrocypris similis, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 120, 305, and 344.

Bairdia bosquetiana , Brady (?).

Cythere dasyderma, n.sp. For distribution see Station 5.

,, dictyon, n.sp. For distribution see Station 24.

Krithe producta, n.sp. For distribution see Station 70,

Cytheropteron mucronalatum, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 70, 224, 246, 296,

300, and 302.

ClRRIPEDIA.

Scalpettum improvisum, n.sp., MS.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pt. 48).

Eurycope spinosa , n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).

Gnathophausia gigas, Willemoes-Suhm, n.g., n.sp. Moulted skin ; obtained also

at Station 69.

Boreomysis scyphops, Sars. Obtained also at Stations 147 and 158.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52):

Hymenodora mollicutis, n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at Stations 87, 104,

133, 156, and 318.

Pycnogonida (Hoek, Zool. pt. 10).

Phoxichilidium pilosum, n.sp. One or two specimens ; obtained also at Station 147.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Nesera meridionalis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Lyonsiella papyracea, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Silenia sarsii, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 325, 2650 fathoms.

Only species of the genus.

Kellia (?) sp. Two valves with damaged apices, making it impossible to determine
with certainty their generic position.

Leda, n.sp. Probably a young shell.

Lima ( Limatula ), n.sp. One valve only with the umbo broken away ; hardly
sufficient to describe.

,, (?). Two very minute shells (mere fry), beyond identification either

generically or specifically.

(summary op results chall. exp. — 1893.) 65

510

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Statics 157.

OaoAXimM nto*
Tn« Dboijt.

Scaphopoda and Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Dcntalium leptoskeles, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 160, 2600 fathoms.
Pleurotoma ( Surcula ) hpta, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ckphalotoda (Iloyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Elcdow rotunda , n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 298,
2225 fathoms.

*

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pt. 30 ; Waters, pt. 79).

Bugula bicoi'nis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Sali< or rt aria mar/nifica, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 13, 122, and 323.
Oncfu>2>"ra sinclairn , Busk. Obtained also at Stations 149, 150, and 151. [Waters

calls it CcdweUia sinclairii (Busk)].

Ti ntcata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76, Appendix A).

\hys s(K<tciilia vasculosa, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

>7 ye/a <cricata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

1/ rnni.-i fili cauda, n.sp. Three specimens; obtained also at Stations 146, 158,
299, 323, and 325.

„ ormolus, Hector. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 146, 147,
158, 246, and 271.

> .jx/ns or, tore ficus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 156.
fiu'hylagus antarcticus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality.

F.y.clut ing Protozoa, about 150 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at • lia Star i< m belonging to about 79 species, of which 69 are new to science, including
r<.-prt*-ontativee of 25 new genera ; 29 of the new species and 4 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

T 6 .■ sing .ipoci' s of Foraminifera, Radiolaria, and Diatoms were observed in
the d* |H»-it fr*>m this Station (see also Murray and Rcnard, Deep-Sea Deposits
ChalL Exp.):—

T vi: ; kka (Br-dy, Zool. pt. 22). — The pelagic species, which make up about
. r j. r cert. »f th< cir!", natc of lime present in the deposit , are marked thus x . Although
. t: f ilownng list the bottom-living species with carbonate of lime shells are more

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

511

numerous than the pelagic species, yet the individuals are relatively very few in number, Station 157.

the list having been compiled from the examination of a very large quantity of the

deposit. While the shells of the pelagic forms are very small when compared with those

found in tropical areas, on the other hand, the Miliolidae, Astrorhizidse, Lituolidse, and

other bottom-living forms are represented by very large and beautiful forms. Some

specimens of Miliolina are one-eighth of an inch in diameter ; specimens of Reophax

and Rhabdammina are over an inch in length. Among the arenaceous species there are

many interesting illustrations of the mode in which these Rhizopods select and arrange

the various particles in the deposit to form their tests. Astrorhiza crassatina here forms

its test almost exclusively of the spherical Radiolarian Cromyosphsera antarctica ;

Storthosphsera selects the finest mineral particles, with an occasional larger particle of

quartz or palagonite : one form selects only the shells of the pelagic Foraminifera, and

another only the smallest Diatomaceae ; Reophax nodulo.sa makes use of many large

Coscinodisci, arranging them flatways over the surface, and Rhabdammina abyssorum

forms its tube of the larger angular fragments of quartz, felspar, magnetite, and other

mineral particles.

Biloculina depressa, d’Orbigny.

„ „ var. murrhyna , Schwager,

„ irregularis, d’Orbigny.

„ ringens (Lamarck).

„ sphsera, d’Orbigny.

Miliolina circularis (Bornemann) (!).

„ fichteliana (d’Orbigny).

„ oblonga (Montagu).

,, seminulum (Linne).

„ venusta (Karrer).

Keramosphmra murrayi, Brady.

Astrorhiza crassatina, Brady.

Pelosina rotundata, Brady (?).

Storthosphsera sp. ('!).

Bathysiph on fih f ormis, Sars (?).

Hyperammina vagans, Brady.

Rhabdammina abyssorum, Sars.

Rhizammina algssformis, Brady.

Reophax adunca, Brady.

„ ditjlugiformis, Brady.

„ nodulosa, Brady.

„ pilulifera, Brady.

,, scorpiurus, Montfort.

Haplophragmium latidorsatum (Bornemann).
„ turbinatum, Brady.

Placopsilina vesicularis, Brady.

Thurammina albicans, Brady (?).

„ compressa, Brady.

„ papillata, Brady.

Hormosina ovicida, Brady.

Ammodiscus charoides, Jones and Parker.
Trochammina pauciloculata, Brady.

Webbina clavata, Jones and Parker.

„ hemisphserica, Jones, Parker, and Brady.
Cyclammina cancellata, Brady.

Verneuilina pygmssa, Egger.

Gaudryina pupoides, d’Orbigny.

Clavulina communis, d’Orbigny.

Pleurostomella brevis, Schwager.

„ (!) sp.

Qassidulina bradyi, Uorman.

,, crassa, d’Orbigny,

„ subglobosa, Brady.

Lagena alveolata, Brad}'.

„ botelliformis, Brady.

,, globosa (Montagu).

,, leevigata (Reuss).

„ Ixvis (Montagu).

Nodosaria communis, d’Orbigny.

Vagimdina linearis (Montagu).

Cristellaria convergens, Bornemann.

,, crepidida (Fichtel and Moll).
Polymorphina angusta, Egger.

,, thouini, d’Orbigny.

XJ vigor ina asperula, Czjzek.

„ pygmseci, d’Orbigny.
x Globigerina bulloides, d’Orbigny.
x ,, „ var. triloba, Reuss.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

512

Statiok 157. x Glotigmna dutertrci, d’Orbigny.

x „ in /lata, d’Orbigny.
l^illcnia sphieroides, d’Orbigny.

Spirillum dccorata, Brady.

Tnmcatulina loUihJa (Walker and Jacob),
o pytjmtta, Hontken.

ungeriana (d’Orbigny).

1 Anomalina grosserugosa (Gumbel) (1).
x PulvinuUna crassa (d’Orbigny).

„ exigva, Br^dy.
x „ micheliniana (d’Orbigny).

x „ patagonica (d’Orbigny).

Rutcdia soldanii, d’Orbigny.

Nonionina pompilioides (Ficlitel and Moll).

A (1 1 k c 1 , Zoul. pt. 40).— The sediment which remains after removing t e
Poraminifera and larger mineral particles is almost entirely composed
elonging to a few species of Sphseroidea, w ic ma e up
ha of the whole mass. By far the commonest of these Spumellana is
( • myosphxra anU which is probably genetically related with the very similar

form , Cromyomma perspicuum, occurring on the surface at the same Station,
the other Spumellaria the Discoidea are the most abundant, particularly the spongy
forms (Spongodiscida, e.g., Spongodiscus, Spongotrochus, Stylotrochus). particularly

SpongopyU . not des ribed in the Report : it is a bpongodisci
with a marginal osculum like that of the Porodiscid Ommatodiscus, which also occurs at
t)_t, station. In contrast to the large number of Sphseroidea and Discoidea, the

Pnm ndea and Larcoidea are present only as isolated specimens.

Very few species of Nassellaim are present, but among them the Botryodea, which are
re, are rather abundant, especially Botryocdla borealis and Botryopyle
cribros't. The most common Cyrtoidea are a few cosmopolitan forms, lor examp e,

CortiutcUa cloth rota, Comutdla cannvlata, and Lithomitra lineata.

only represented in this deposit by a single rare species,

Pantopelta icomsjns.

Ti • Phmodaria are represented by a few remarkable forms, such as bagenoscena
r inllata, Aulosphan'o. bistemaria , Cannosphtera antarctica, and Conchasma hippuntes ;

all these, however, are rare.

The following list has been compiled by Dr. F. Dreyer

I. SRUimXARIA.

o. Sph»ruido%.

Cenr*phara tolida, Ilaec kel
M fiapillata, HaeckeL

„ anii'pui, Haeckel

„ antarctica, Haeckel.

Carpntphwra rud/ilis, Ehrenberg.
ThucnrjJurra diplocvcnu, Haeckel.

Crrnny<up/urm antarctica, Haeckel
Styptorphxrn iprjnjtacna, Haeckel.
fipongojdngma aniarcticum, Haeckel.
Spcmgodtdgon aniarcticum, Haeckel
A mph ujJarrn wij/tuntu, Haeckel
Slauracontium antartticum, HacckeL

Hexacontium hexacotdcum, Haeckel.

t| aniarcticum , Haeckel.

Acanthofqdmra antarctica, Haeckel.
Cladococcus anlarcticus, Haeckel.

„ dendrites, Haeckel.
HaHomma aniarcticum, Haeckel.
Actinomma pachycapsa, Haeckel.

Pity omnia piniferum, Haeckel.
Cromyomma perspicuum, Haeckel.

Wi izosplorra trigonacantha, llaeckel.

„ antarctica, Haeckel.
b. I’runoidea.

Cromyocarpus cpiudrifarins, Haeckel.
Crow y at cactus tctraphractus, Haeckel

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

513

Spongurus cyUndricus , Haeckel.

Spongocore cincta, Haeckel, j

c. Discoidea.

Porodiscus flustrella, Haeckel.

„ heterocyclus, Haeckel.

„ spiralis (Ehrenberg).

Ommatodiscus stuhrii, Haeckel.

„ Isevigatus, Stolir.

Stylodidya multispina, Haeckel.

Rhopalastrum irregulare, Haeckel.

Eudiitonia muelleri, Haeckel.

Spongodiscus resurgens, Ehrenberg.
„ spiralis, Haeckel.

Spongopyle osculosa, Haeckel.

„ setosa, Haeckel.

Stylotrochus antardicus, Haeckel.

„ challengeri, Haeckel.

Spongotrochus murrayi, Haeckel.

„ wyvillei, Haeckel.

„ moseleyi, Haeckel.

,, willemoesii, Haeckel.

„ scutella, Haeckel.

d. Larcoidea.

Stypolarcus spongiosus, Haeckel.

Larcospira oliva, Haeckel.

II. Acantharia.

Pantopelta icosaspis, Haeckel.

III. Nassellaria.

a. Plectoidea.

Hexaplagia antardica, Haeckel.

b. Spyroidea. Station 157.

Tripospyris eucolpos, Haeckel.

Dictyospyris tetrastorna, Ehrenberg.

Didyospyris enneastoma, Haeckel.

c. Botryodea.

Androspyris aptenodytes, Haeckel.

Bofryocella borealis, Ehrenberg.

Botryopyle cribrosa (Ehrenberg).

Botryocyrtis quinaria, Ehrenberg.

Boiryocampe inflata, Ehrenberg.

d. Cyrtoidea.

Cyrtocalpis ovulum, Haeckel.

Cornwtella dathrata, Ehrenberg.

,, annulata, Ehrenberg.

Cornutanna orthoconus, Haeckel.

Idalicapsa liystrix, Haeckel.

Didyocephalus antardicus, Haeckel.

Dicolocapsa megacephala, Haeckel.

Didyoqjhimus antardicus, Haeckel.

Theocorys plutonis, Haeckel.

Lithostrobus bicornis, Haeckel.

Tlieocalyptra cornuta (Ehrenberg).

Lithostrobus cornutella, Biitschli.

Lithomitra lineata (Ehrenberg).

Eucyrtidium dirysalidium, Haeckel.

IY. PHiEODARTA.

Aidadinium adinosph&rium, Haeckel.

Sagenoscena penicillata, Haeckel.

A ulosphmra bisternaria, Haeckel.

Aidastrum dichoceros, Haeckel.

A uloclidyum hydrodidyum, Haeckel.

Cannospli&ra antardica, Haeckel.

Challenges. ia naresii, Murray.

„ trifida, Haeckel.

Conchasma hippurites, Haeckel.

Diatomaceje. — Considerable differences are recognisable between the general appear-
ance of Diatom preparations made from surface gatherings as contrasted with those
procured from the ooze forming the bottom in this locality. By far the most abundant
form at the surface was the peculiar, very elongated, fiexuous ThoJassiothrix longissima,
var. antardica, Cleve and Grunow [ = Synedra thalassiothrix, Cleve in 'parte], a
species which has also been recorded as forming large floating masses in the Arctic
Ocean.1 In the Antarctic its frustules were found arranged in little bundles — from ten
to twelve together — fastened together loosely at one end, but separate at the other, the
whole being loosely twisted into a spindle. In preparations isolated frustules of it

1 Bihang tilK. Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. HandL, Bd. i., No. 13, Stockholm, 1873.

514

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

■ . oi:r but rarely, often two arc found closely apposed, but not uncommonly three, four, or
even more an so placed. It is, perhaps, with Chivtoceros remotum, Cleve and Grunow
[ -- C. jar, is -hia um, Castracane], the most characteristic species found on the surface.

Tli Clietocerotuhe and Rhizosoleniae are abundantly represented in the surface waters,
hut they an- only represented by the terminal calyptrae of the latter in the bottom ooze.
M" the delicately curved, though often large, forms of Corethron , and the singular
< ylindrical Dactyl iosoltm, have only been found in surface gatherings, whilst the
n-mirkabh- Trachysphenia australis, Petit, var. antarctica (Schwarz) [ = Fragilarict
L,Jnrctica , Castracane], which abounds iu the ooze, is much less common in the surface
gatherings. Frustules of Coscinodisci and Actinocycli are also much less numerous in the
u:: - g; therii.gs than in the ooze at the bottom, but nearly all the species are present
in the superficial waters found in the ooze.

Th. contents of the alimentary canals of several of the Echinoderms and Annelids
v. r xamined with the view of ascertaining whether or not a predilection was exhibited
by the animals for any particular species of Diatoms; it was found, however, that they
made use of the ooze as a whole, in all probability taking in the immediate surface layer
com :i nj pecimens recently fallen from the surface, which, doubtless, still contained
- -me oi Lrauie matter. The tubes of the Annelids, and the test of the Foraminifera Rcophax
m.nlult w, contained many of the large Coscinodisci , which would appear to have been to
a greater extent selected than the others in the deposit.

The form, which Count Castracane has indicated as “ Fragilaria ? an Terebraria f
.ip., 1 may be regarded as the southern representative of Fragilaria oceanica , Cleve, from
the Vr. tie Ocean, with which it shows in the general arrangement and character of the
f nut k 1 . - a considerable amount of agreement. Among the Diatoms observed at this
Si it n th ■ following h; ve been also recorded in the Arctic zone, a few of the species
being almost cosmopolitan : —

Xaticula vpera, Ehrenberg.

Tnrrralium arrtieum, Brightwell.

IUunmoUnta "ivjera, Brightwell.

„ ttyli/ormu, Brightwcll.

ChMioctan* (Uripum*, Cleve.

„ atlanti^um, Cleve.

Cv*rinndi*mM dtemems, var. polaris, Grunow.
„ „ var. rrpleta, Grunow.

Coscinod incus mbtilis, Ehrenberg, var. glacialis,
Grunow.

,, oculus-iridis , Ehrenberg.

„ central) s, Ehrenberg.

„ normanni, Gregory.

„ kutzingii, A. Schmidt.

„ escentricus, Ehrenberg.

„ lineatun , Ehrenberg.

Among the peculiarly Antarctic species
following : —

found at this Station may be noted the

/'•*>■■ ' o ' ' tirur.t, Grunow. Trac/njttphciii'a aiutralis, Petit, var. antarctica

Am i; rr/ra a).!- rUura, Grunow. (Schwarz) [ - Fragilaria antarctica, Castracane].

1 BoL Chall. Exp., part iv. p. 47, pi. xxv. fig. 1.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

515

Bhizosolenia inermis, Castracane.

Dadyliosolen antardicus, Castracane.

Chsetoceros remotum, Cleve and Grunow [ = Chseto-
ceros janischianum, and var. lata , Castra-
cane].

Synedra lanceolata , Castracane.

Diatoma rhombicum, O'Meara, var. oceanica,
Rattray.

Corethron criophilum, Castracane.

,, „ var. tumescens, Rattray, MS.

„ murrayanum , Castracane.

,, hispidum, Castracane,

„ pennatum [ = Actiniscus, Grunow].

Coscinodiscus lunse, Ehrenberg \_- Coscinodiscus
cydoteres, Castracane].

Adinocydus Oliver anus, O’Meara.

The following is a complete list of the species observed by Mr. Rattray and Mr.
Comber : —

Navicula subtilis (Gregory) [ = Pinnularia
criophila , Castracane],

Pleurosigma diredum, Cleve.

Thalassioth'rix longissima, Grunow, var. antardica ,
Cleve and Grunow [ = Synedra
thalassiothrix, Cleve in parte].

„ nitzsch ioides, Grunow, var. lanceolata,
Grunow.

Synedra lanceolata , Castracane.

„ jiliformis , Grunow.

Trachysphenia australis, Petit, var. antardica
(Schwarz) [ = Fragilaria antardica, Castra-
cane].

Fragilaria (?) an Terebraria (?) sp., Castracane.

„ dubia , Grunow.

Diatoma rhombicum, O'Meara, var. oceanica, Rattray.
Nitzschia constrida, Gregory, var. antardica, Rattray.

„ ,, var. similis, Grunow.

Bhizosolenia styliformis, Brightwell.

,, furcata , Rattray, MS.

„ setigera, Brightwell.

Corethron criophilum, Castracane.

Biddulphia weissflagii, Grunow.

Remiaulus antardicus, Ehrenberg [ = Eucampia
balaustium, and var. minor, Castracane],
Asteromphalus hookerii (Ehrenberg), Ralfs.

,, forma buchii (Ehrenberg).

„ forma humboldtii (Ehrenberg).

„ forma cuvierii (Ehrenberg).

„ forma denarius (Janisch).

,, darwinii, Ehrenberg.

„ brookei, Bailey.

,, antardicus, Castracane.

Hyalodiscus radiatus, O’Meara, var. ardica , Grunow.
Hemidiscus cuneiformis, Wallich,

„ sp. (?).

Triceratium ardicum, Brightwell, var. kerguelensis,
Grunow.

Adinocydus Oliver anus, O’Meara.

Coscinodiscus margaritaceus, Castracane.

,, lunse, Ehrenberg [ = Coscinodiscus

cydoteres, Castracane],

„ grandis, Rattray, MS.

,, „ var. sparsa, Rattray, MS.

„ excentricus, Ehrenberg.

,, atlanticus, Castracane, and var.

„ lineatus, Ehrenberg.

,, lentiginosus, Janisch.

,, „ var. maculata, Grunow.

,, subtilis, Ehrenberg.

,, „ var. glacialis, Grunow.

„ tumidvs, Janisch.

„ „ var. fasciculata, Rattray.

„ radiatus, Ehrenberg.

„ decrescens, Grunow. var .piolaris, Grunow.

„ „ var. repleta, Grunow.

„ fasciculatus, A. Schmidt.

,, griseus, Greville, var. gallopagensis,

Grunow (l).1

„ curvatidus , Grunow, var. maculata,

Rattray, MS.

„ „ var. elegans, Rattray, MS.

„ „ var. subocellata, Grunow.

„ tuberculatus, Greville, var. excentrica,

Rattray, MS.

„ „ var. antardica, Rattray,

MS.

„ elegans, Greville.

„ robustus, Greville.

„ „ var. minor , Rattray, MS.

,, molleri, A. Schmidt, var. antardica,

Rattray.

1 A few specimens occur in the ooze which, though not absolutely identical with this form as figured by van
Heurck (Synop. d. Diat. d. Belg.), are yet more closely allied to it than to any other.

Station 157.

I

STATION 157.

(>*o a if mint non
ScRFACB-Nrra.

516

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER,

Cvcmoditcus denarius, A. Schmidt.

„ marginal ut, Ehrenberg.

„ minor , Ehreuberg.

„ kutzitiyii, A. Schmidt, vur. g/arialit,

Gninow.

„ dentindatus, Castracane.

„ normanni, Gregory.

„ sttllari* , Roper.

„ africanus, Janisch.

„ „ var. trail ichiana, Grunow.

„ cmtralit, Ehrenberg.

„ convent*, A. Schmidt.

Coscinodiscus ocvlus-iridis, Ehrenberg.

„ asteromphalus, Ehrenberg.

„ concinnus, Smith.

„ clegantulus, Greville.

„ rotula, Grunow.

„ apollinis, Ehrenberg, var. compada,

Rattray.

„ impolitic, Rattray [ = C. antardicus,

Castracane],

Melosira ep. (?).

Brunia mirabilis, Tempore.

Surface Organisms. — The following species of Radiolaria and Diatomacese are
recorded from the surface at this Station : —

Ivadioi.ai; i a (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40). — In striking contrast to the wealth of forms
n tin <!, posit .it this Station is the uniformity of the Radiolarian surface fauna. This
. < i ; i .t lr.'.-i ;.i t s from the fact that the tov -nets were only dragged through a relatively
short distance of the surface waters, whereas the deposit at the bottom represents the
accumulation of forms which have fallen from the surface during an immense period of
time. The ab.-cnce of some species of Acantharia and Phseodaria in the deposit, when
• nm pared with t heir relative abundance in the surface-net gatherings, is to be accounted
foi by ’h- structure and composition of the skeletons, which are more readily dissolved
after the death of the animal than other Radiolaria. Certain species of Acantharia and
Pt a-odari 1 are the most abundant here, and represented by numerous individuals. Of the
\ a a i hai ia the most abundant are Acanthonia claparedei, Acanthostaurus purpurascens,
and Amph'lonche lanceolata, and of the Phaeodaria, the species of Chattengeron.

I. SrcraiXABiA.

a. SpkxToidra.

Styptotphmra spongiacea, Haeckel.

A canthoephrra antarctira, Haeckel
Crmnyomma perspicuum, Haeckel
W‘ito*j>lt*rra trigonarantha, Haeckel
„ antarctira, Haeckel.

b. Diacoidea.

Pr/roducu * fltudrella, Haeckel.
Siylodictya multinpina, Haeckel
KnrhiUmia mudleri, Haeckel
titylotrochu* challenger!, Haeckel

II. Acantharia.

Acanthonia clapantUi, Haeckel
Acanthwlouru* jiurfntrasri ru, Haeckel.

Amphilonche lanceolata, Haeckel.
Porocapsa coronodun, Haeckel.

III. Nasseelaria.

Didyospyri * tetrastoma, Ehrenberg.
Cyrtocalpi* ovulum, Haeckel.
Comutella clathrala, Ehrenberg.

IV. PU/EODARIA.

Didyocha etapedia, , Haeckel.
Distephanus speculum, Haeckel.
Aulodendron antardicum, Haeckel.
Aulosrena penicillus, Haeckel.
Challengcron pearccyi, Haeckel.

„ stcirei , Murray.

,, balfouri, Murray.

,, richardsii, Haeckel.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

517

DiATOMACEiE. — The following species were observed by Mr. Rattray

Navicula subtilis (Gregory) [ = Pinnularia crio-
phila, Castracane],

Pleurosigma antardicum , Grunow.

Amphiprora a? it arctic a, Grunow.

Thalassiothrix longissima, Grunow, var. antarctica,
Cleve and Grunow [ = Synedra, thalassiothrix,
Cleve in parte\

Trachysphenia australis, Petit, var. antarctica
(Schwarz) [ = Fragilaria antarctica, Castracane].
Fragilaria (?) an Terebraria (?) sp., Castracane.

Rf izosoienia inermis, Castracane.

„ setigera, Brightwell.

„ styliformis, Brightwell.

Dactyliosolen antardicus, Castracane.

CJisdoceros decipiens , Cleve.

„ remotum , Cleve and Grunow [ = Clixto-

ceros janischianum, and var.
lata, Castracane].

„ „ var. robusta, Rattray, MS.

„ „ var. biaurita, Rattray, MS.

„ boreale, Bailey, var. brightiuellii, Cleve
[ = Chxtoceros criophilum, Castra-
cane].

Clixtoccros atlanticum, Cleve.

„ „ var. attenuata, Cleve and

Grunow.

„ antardicum, Grunow.

„ dispar, Castracane.

,, sigmoidea, Rattray, MS.

Corethron hispidum , Castracane,

„ splendens, Rattray, MS.

„ murrayanum, Castracane.

„ criophilum, Castracane.

,, „ var. tumescens, Rattray, MS.

Hemiaulus antardicus, Ehrenberg \~JHucampia
balaustium, Castracane].

Adinocydus Oliver anus, O’Meara, and forma
minor.

Coscinodiscus lunx, Ehrenberg [ = Coscinodiscus
cycloteres, Castracane].

„ excentricus, Ehrenberg.

„ lineatus, Ehrenberg.

„ lentiginosus, Janisch.

„ tumidus, Janisch.

In addition to the foregoing, the following species were observed by Mr. Comber

Navicula aspera, Ehrenberg.

Synedra lanceolata, Castracane.

Nitzschia scalaris , W. Smith.

Coscinodiscus anguste-lineatus, A. Schmidt.

„ kutzingii, A. Schmidt, var. glacialis,

Grunow.

„ denarius, A. Schmidt.

„ subtilis, Ehrenberg.

„ ocidus-iridis, Ehrenberg.

,, africanus, Janisch, var . wallichiana,

Grunow.

Coscinodiscus convexus, A. Schmidt.

„ rn argaritac e us, Castracane.

Melosira sp, (?).

Asteromphalus brookei, Bailey.

„ hooTcerii, Ehrenberg.

™ Rhizosolenia indica, Peragailo.

Chsetoreros teirachxta, Ehrenberg (?).
Baderiastrum varians, Lauder.

Corethron, pennatum [ = Adiniscus, Grunow].

Among the masses of Diatoms only comparatively few animals were observed,
viz., Cypridinidse, Copepods, Hyperia, Primno, and a few small shells of Spirialis
[ = Limacina ].

Station 158 (Sounding 262), Termination Land to Melbourne (see Chart 24, and
Diagrams 9 and 10).

March 7, 1874 ; lat. 50° V S., long. 123° 4' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 48°’5 ; mean for the day, 47°'4.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) 66

Station 157.

Station 158.

518

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 15&

Temperature of water : —

Surface, . . .

450

800 fathoms, .

360

50 fathoms,

445

900 „

36-0

100 .

434

1000 „

36-0

150 „

423

1100- „

360

200 . .

41-3

1200

35-7

300 „

39-5

1300 „

35-3

400 „ . .

38-2

1400 „

35-0

500 „ . .

37 0 ♦

1500 „

34-7

600 „ . .

36-3

Bottom,

33-5

700 „

360

Density at 60° F. : —

Surface,

. 1-02522

200 fathoms,

. 1-02548

50 fathoms,

. 1 02522

315 „ . .

. 1 02546

100 „ . . .

. 1-02544

Bottom,

. 1-02554

Depth, 1800 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 85*31 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray ardRenard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 5 a.m. got up steam. At G.40 a.m. shortened and furled sails. Put trawl
over. At 8.30 a.m. sounded in 1800 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures down
t" 1500 fathoms. The carbonic acid was determined in water from 50 fathoms, and
urmuit'-d to 68M milligrammes per litre. At 2 p.m. commenced heaving in trawl,
which came up at 3.45 p.m. with a quantity of ooze, some pebbles,, and numerous
specimens. At 4 p.m. made sail.

Distance at noon from Cape Otway, 1099 miles. Made good 180 miles. Amount
of current 6 miles, direction S. 48" E.

-- A'v; I / t

Tie following species are record, i in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Thawu Station : —

II exactin' ellid a (Schulze, Zool. pt. 53).

ILfaloiu-ma conus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Actinia ki a (Hertwig, Zool. pt. 15).

Tent • ft 'tm cinguUUum, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Crinoidka (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Thnii uviiocn tivs r> nor'it’is, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

/Vr„ a< hoc rinus ubyssomm, n.g., msp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 147.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

519

Asteeoidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Hymenaster nobilis, Wyville Thomson, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator”).

„ formosus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, sacculatus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ cselatus , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ crucifer, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophitjroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha loveni, n.sp. (?). Obtained also at Stations 146, 147, 157, and 160.

,, minuta, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 146.

Ophiacantha cosmica, n.sp. For distribution see Station 122.

Echinoedea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Urechinus naresianus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 146, 147, and 302.

Only species of the genus.

Cystechinus wyvillii, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 146, 147, 296, 299,

and 300.

Holothukioidea (Theel, Zool. pts. 13 and 39).

Peniagone naresi, n.g., n.sp. One injured specimen ; obtained at no other

locality.

„ challengeri, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained at no other

locality.

Lsetmogcme wyville-thomsoni, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at

Stations 147, 232, and 300.

Benthodytes sanguinolenta, n.g,, n.sp., var. marginata , nov. One specimen;

the species obtained also at Stations 160, 295, and
298, 500 to 2600 fathoms.

,, sorddda, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 156,

157, and 298.

Holcthuria thomsoni, n.sp., var. liyalina, nov. One injured specimen; the species

obtained also at Stations 237 and 244, 1875 and
2900 fathoms.

Nemertea (Hubrecht, Zool. pt. 54).

Pelagoneraertes rollestoni , Moseley, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at

Station 236, 775 to 420 fathoms. Only species of
the genus.

Station 158.

520

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 15S. ANNELIDA (M‘Int08h, Zool. pt. 34).

//, • mo benthaliana, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 168,

1100 fathoms.

(Jnibianella antarctica, n.g., n.sp., var. (?). One specimen; obtained also at

Stations 156 and 157.

Amp hi pod a (Stebbiug, Zool. pt. 67).

I ai need a australis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

/'Arc mo novx-zealandin •, Powell (1). One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from New Zealand.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pt. 48).

Isrfi nosoma bacillus, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
fnrifcojx fray if is, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 147, 152, and 237.
Acanthoi ope spinicauda, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

The only other species of the genus ( Acantliocope acutispina)
was taken at Station 302.

Schizopoda (Sara, Zool. pt. 37).

C/'<olaraspis aluta, Willemoes-Suhm, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

J\»ri>j>ia australis, Dana. Several specimens ; for distribution see Station 50.

P> nth • uplum<ia amblyops, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 107

and 135. Only species of the genus.
lion-ouajsis scyphops, Sara. Obtained also at Stations 147 and 157.

A NOMURA (Henderson, ZooL pt. 60).

Munidopsis antonii (M. -Edwards, MS.). Two specimens; obtained also at
Station 300, 1375 fathoms. Recorded from North Atlantic.

Pycnooonida (Hock, Zool. pt. 10).

Oh**' nd< is giyas-leptorhynchus, n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other

locality.

Lamkli.ibram hiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Amussi an Tiuridionale, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 146 and 302.

Kuhis (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

M / rus jil "-audit, n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at Stations 146, 157,

299, 323, and 325. *

SUMMARY OF RESULTS; 521

Macrurus armatus, Hector. Eleven specimens ; obtained also at Stations 146,

147, 157, 246, and 271.

G-onostoma microdon, n.sp. Two specimens ; for distribution see Station 23.

Stomias boa (Risso). One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Pacific and Mediterranean.

Nearly all the specimens of Macrurus had their air-bladders distended and protruding
from the mouth.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : — Another
Sponge, Peltogaster (in pouch of Hymenaster), another species of Anomura (Galathe aVj,
Caridid and Peneid shrimps, and Cephalopod.

Excluding Protozoa, about 70 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 45 species, of which 33 are new to science,
including representatives of 13 new genera ; 16 of the new species and 3 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ In the breeding cavity of a Hymenaster was a parasitical
Rhizocephalid, showing a large sucker and a flat body filled with eggs. I could not find
an anus, and am not quite sure to what genus it should be referred, but I think it is most
nearly allied to Clistosaccus, Liljeborg, the only Rhizocephalid in which there is no anus.
According to Gerstaecker, Peltogastridae have only been found in the abdomen of Decapoda,
so that this specimen may probably have been detached and fallen into the open breeding
cavity of the Hymenaster. Among the Schizopods were : a female of Petalophthalmus
inermis \ = Boreomysis scyphops ], a new species of Thysanopoda, a genus of Euphausidse
distinguished by the presence of all the pereiopoda, the last of which are rather small and
rudimentary, and by eight pairs of lateral accessory eyes ; only small species (32 mm. in
length) were hitherto known from the surface of the Atlantic, but this species from the deep
sea is much larger (50 mm. in length), is not in the least transparent, but of the ordinary
consistency of the red deep-sea shrimps. It presents all the characters of Euphausia,
but whether the lateral eyes are present is not yet quite certain. There were several
specimens of Chalaraspis ungnifera [ = Eucopia australis ], a Schizopod common in the
deep sea, and a specimen of Chalaraspidum, n.gen., characterised by shorter legs and a
much longer carapace, which extends over the third abdominal segment and is extremely
soft. An Isopod of the family Munopsidae seems to be very characteristic of the deep
sea in the Antarctic, as it was taken in nearly every haul since we left the Cape ; a blind
specimen was taken to-day with all its legs entire but with broken antennae. There were
two species of Galathea, a Caridid Decapod belonging to a species not hitherto taken,
and a Peneid which we have often caught in the deep sea,”

Station 158.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 15*5.

<)*«US1S*9 FROM
TU* I>«FOSiT.

OlIQAXUjn FROM
Sl'KIACt-NlTB.

522

F, raminifera (Brady, Zool. pt. 22). -The following species of Foraminifera were
.^rv 1 in he deposit from this Station (see also Murray and Rena.rd, Deep-Sea
Dqv-.siu Chall. Exp.); the pelagic species, which make up about 83 per cent, of tie
carbonate of lime present in the deposit, are marked thus x .

JiUoculina depretsa, d’Orbigny.

Miliolina aul>eriana (d’Orbigny).

„ t'enuda (Karrer).

Admrhiza sp. ( f ).

1 V. i m mo* }<hx ra fusca, Schulze.

Hi/fteratn mina ramosa, Hnuly.

Rhizammina algxform is, Brady.

/tf f tyh>w tcorpiurus, Mont fort.

Uatl’j hrwvnium glvigeriniforme (Parker and
Jones).

tvrbinatum, Brady.
Hormotina earpmten , Brady.

WelMna darn la, Jones and Parker.

Gaudryina jmp'ulee, d’Orbigny.

ClaruJina communis, d’Orbigny.

Ca**iduiina mbglobosa, Brady.

Khr> ilxrgina terrain, Reuss.

Lajena marginal a (Walker and Boys).

Lagena truncata, Brady.

Nodosaria sp. (1).

Polymorphic cuspidata, Brady.
n lanceolata, Reuss.

„ 8ororia, Reuss, var.

Uvigenna aspenda, Czjzek.
x Globigerina bulloides , d’Orbigny.
x „ inflata, d’Orbigny.
x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.

Pullenia sphxroides (d’Orbigny).

Sphmroidina bulloides , d’Orbigny.

Truncatulina lenera, Brady.

„ ungeriana (d’Orbigny).

x rulvinulina crassa (d’Orbigny).
x „ micheliniana (d’Orbigny).
x „ patagonica (d’Orbigny).

Rot alia soldanii, d’Orbigny.

Nonionina pcnnpilioides (F iclitel and Moll).

Surface Organisms.— The following species are recorded from the surface at this

Station : —

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Ilalocypris atlantica, Lubbock.

i Z«'»l. pt. 23).

gElidius armatus, n.g., n.sp.
Jletcrochxta spini/rons , Claus.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. G7).

I

Euthemisto thomsoni , Stebbing.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 58).

Spongiobranchwa australis,
d’Orbigny.

D the following are recorded in the note-books A very few Diatoms,
rjlofaj' nun, Orbulina, Medusae, a fine Nemertean \Pelagonemertes rollestom, Moseley]
whfh, though taken in the trawl, is evidently a pelagic animal, but probably lives in

ag Oypridina, great quantities of the Antarctic Copepods,
l.i; rC , ria, I’rimno, Phronima, and small shells of Spirialis [ = Limacina].

Some of the surface animals taken to-day indicate that we have entered the warm
Indian . . P "ima, a large transparent Nemertean with Dendroccelous

characters, which was two inches in length and showed well the intestine, nervous system,
and ovary, as well as several species of pelagic Foraminifera.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS

523

Station 159 (Sounding 263), Termination Land to Melbourne (see Chart 24 and
Diagram 10).

March 10, 1874 ; lat. 47° 25' S., long. 130° 22' K

Temperature of air at noon, 51°-3 ; mean for the day, 51°'2.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, ....

51-5

800 fathoms,

38-3

50 fathoms, .

50-0

900 „ ...

37-9

100 „ ...

49-0

1000 „ ...

37-7

150 „ ...

48-1

1100 „ ...

37-5

200 „ ...

47-4

1200 „ ...

37-3

300 „ ...

47-2

1300 „ ...

37T

400 „ ...

46-9

1400 „ ...

36*9

500 „ ...

44-8

1500 „ ...

36-7

600 „ . .

41-8

Bottom,

34-5

700 „ ...

39-4

Density at 60 c F. at surface,

D02566; bottom, 1 ‘02564.

Depth, 2150 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 87'90 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp. ).

At 8 a.m. shortened sail and put over trawl. At 9.15 a.m. furled sails, brought ship
to wind, and sounded in 2150 fathoms. At noon obtained a series of temperatures
down to 1500 fathoms. The carbonic acid was determined in bottom water, and
amounted to 5 2 '6 milligrammes per litre. At 2 p.m. commenced heaving in trawl, which
came up at 4 p.m. nearly empty, having probably been very near, but never reached, the
bottom, as it contained no certain inhabitant of the bottom, nor any ooze. At 4.30 p.m.
made sail. The following birds were observed about the ship in this locality : — Diomedea
exulans , Diomedea fulminata, molly mawks, mutton birds, petrels, and some small
light-coloured birds flying over the sea at a distance.

Distance at noon from Cape Otway, 780 miles. Made good 56 miles.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : — ■

Deep-Sea Medusa (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 12)

JEejinurOj myosura,n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Only
species of the genus.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Gennadas parvus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; for distribution see Station 45.
PrJaiidium foliaceum, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 146.

Only species of the genus.

Station 159.

Animals from
Trawl.

524

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

St Altos 159.

S> rgrstes atlantU'ua, M. -Edwards. Three specimens; widely distributed.

|. ./ ’■(/,< yfii/rn sica, u.sp. Two specimens; for distribution see Station 40.
Ilipnenodora glauca, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 215,

2550 fathoms.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

T ■ ins snhmi (Lankestcr), n.sp. Two specimens (surface ? ) ; obtained also at the
surface between Australia and New Zealand, and North Atlantic,
off coast of Africa.

Ti ntcata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Pi/r^sohut fjxjant' nn, Lesueur. Six specimens (probably from near the surface).

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

•V rnoptyx diaphana (Ilerm.). One specimen (probably from near the surface);

for distribution see Station 101.

Op stomias micripnus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Excluding Protozoa, about 20 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, ijelonging to 10 species, of which 7 are new to science, including
representatives of 4 new genera; 2 of the new species and 2 new genera were rot
obtained elsewhere.

OKiiAXtgiu m om

Surface Organisms. As the trawl at this Station probably never touched the bottom,
in ■ of tli* . ; i cii in the foregoing list may have come from surface or intermediate
w.d- i , . ; hough some of them appear to have lived close to the bottom. In addition,
tb«* following Bpocies are recorded from the surface in the vicinity : —

Kadiolakia (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Spfueroeapsa quad rata, Haeckel.
Coleapsis occulta, Haeckel.
/*lagotiidium quadrigeminutn, Haeckel.
A ulodendron anUircticum, Haeckel.

Osthacoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Halocypris atlantica, Lubbock.

„ brevirostris, Dana.

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).

Calanwi jiropinquus, n.sp.

Eucalanus attenuaius (Dauu).

lihinccd a mis yigcis , n.sp.

Eucheta prestandreas, Philippi.
Leuckartia Jiavicornis, Claus (?).
Pleurorama abdominale (Lubbock).

AMrmpoDA (Stubbing, Zool. pt. G7).
Primno menevillei , n.sp.

Ptfrop da (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65).
Clio australis (d’Orbigny).

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Sal pa ufricana- maxima, Forsk&hl.

VERTICAL SCALE OF FATHOMS

diagram 9 Smnmary of Results.

The Voyage of B ,M .S .Challenger.

SOUTHERN INDIAN OCEAN

Meridional Temperature Section
Between the Parallels of 50° and 65° South Lat.

For explanation of Symbols see JlppendLx 1 .

©) ((53)

2400
2500:
2600:
2 700 1
280o|

2900 1
3000

3100 y

j

5 20 Op
3300s
3400 1
8500 |
3600 5
3700
3800

: zn&m

HORIZONTAL SCALE OF DECREES OF LATITUDE

Engraved Its- Malbv A: Son*>

-1 — .1 -» - ■

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

525

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-hooks (March 9 and 10): —
Foraminifera, Diphyes, Physophorid, Apolemia (?), Sagitta, Cypridina , Nauplii of a
Cirriped ( Archizoea gigas , Dohrn), Hyperia, Phronima, with house and young, Primno
■macropci, Euphausia, Sergestes . Zoeee, Atlanta, and Appendicidaria.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ The warm-water animals were in greater number on the
surface ; there were five specimens of Pyrosoma, nearly every one of which had eggs but
no embryos. There was a Nauplius with a carapace like the cap of a Madeira peasant
with many spines, 3 mm. in length ; it belongs to Euphausia , of which Metschnikoff
has figured a similar larva ( Zeitschr . f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxi. p. 396, pi. xxxiv., 1871),
but not with such a striking form. There were many adult Euphausise on the surface.
Phronima was taken with its house ; Claus has shown that the house is a young Pyrosoma
in which Phronima establishes itself in order to feed on the Tunicata. He has found all
stages, from the Pyrosoma just recently attacked by the Amphipod to those soft remains in
which it has been taken by us. Preparations made by ns show that the tissues of these
houses have the same histological structure as Pyrosomata when treated in the same manner.
Sergestes , which we have not taken since leaving the Cape, was present at the surface. A
little Amphipod, always taken on the surface during our Antarctic cruise, I find now to
be Primno macropa, which was discovered by G u e r i n-Mene vill e near Chili, and which
appears to be circumpolar. There were two beautifully transparent Cephalopoda
apparently belonging to the genus Loligopsis .”

Moseley writes : “ The surface fauna is changing ; on the night of the 9th the sea
was full of Pyrosoma}, and the wake of the ship lighted up with them. Moreover,
several pieces of Durvillea have been met with, and one piece covered with barnacles
caught on the log ; hitherto the sea has been remarkably free from floating weed. This
Durvillea probably came from St. Paul’s and Amsterdam Islands, since these islands lie
in the direct course of the South Indian connecting current which, sweeping almost
directly eastwards, joins tbe South Australian current. On the night of the 10th
Pyrosoma was again abundant. On the evening of the 11th there were no Pyrosomse
at the surface, but a slight scintillating phosphorescence from the Copepods, and I saw
a piece of Durvillea float past. Phronima, while in its house with its young, moves
the whole about by protruding its tail from the end and working it.”

Station 160 (Sounding 264), Termination Land to Melbourne (see Chart 24 and
Diagram 10).

March 13, 1874 ; lat. 42° 42' S., long. 134° 10' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 52° 0 ; mean for the day, 51°'6.

(summary op results chall. exp. — 1893.)

t Station 159.

Station 160.

526

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 160.

AttEtU FROM

Trawl

Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

550

450 fathoms,

43-3

50 fathoms, .

518

500 „

41-6

100 „ .

485

600 „

38-5

150 „

479

700 „

370

200 „ .

47-7

800 „

36-8

250 „

47-5

900 „

36-6

300 „ . .

472

1000 „

36-4

350 „

46-5 *

Bottom,

33-9

400 „

449

Density at 60c F.: —

Surface,

. 1-02570

300 fathoms, .

. 1-02560

50 fathoms, .

. 1 02576

400 „

. 1-02557

100 „ .

. 1 02565

Bottom,

. 1-02570

200 „

. 1 02573

D ptb, 2600 fathoms; deposit, Red Clay, containing 18 ‘56 per cent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 6.10 ,\.m. shortened and furled sails, put over trawl, and veered 2500 fathoms.
\t 8 \.Nf. brought ship to wind, and proceeded under steam to sound. Sounded in
•jOnO fathoms ; veered trawl-rope to 3450 fathoms. About half a litre of Red Clay came
up in thi sounding-tube. At noon obtained temperatures down to 1000 fathoms. The
■ irb ! was de termined in the bottom water, and amounted to 53*7 milligrammes per

litre. At 2.30 p.m. conum-no-d heaving in trawl, which came up at 5.30 p.m. with the
* • t mu' h torn, but containing numerous specimens, a quantity of Red Clay, with many
i u in' •• noihil.s, nar-hunes of Cetaceans, and sharks’ teeth. To the nodules were attached
Cirri peds, .1 nfijxithes, Terebratula, and Tunicata. Observed albatrosses, molly mawks,
night hawks, and mutton birds. At 6 p.m. made all plain sail.

D» Mm ■ ,:t Loon from Cape Otway, 488 miles. Made good 149 miles. Amount of
current 13 miles, direction N. 57 E.

T' following -p. <-i- ar<* recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

HK.XACTlNKU.inA (Schulze, ZooL pt. 53).

IIo! a ac us fibulaius, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 146
and 147.

Antipath a iu a (Brook, ZooL pt 80).

/tithes tenuis, n.g., n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Summary oi' Results .

FROM A POSITION IN
I. at 59“ 56' S. Lon&. 99° ME.
TO

MELBOURNE

March 1874.

Far rj-plaruitian at' abbreviations Jbc. seaAppmJiool.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

527

Actiniaria (Hertwig, Zool. pt. 15).

Porponia elongata, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained at no other locality.
Hydboida (Allman, Zool. pt. 70).

Halisiphonia rnegalotheca, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Cryptolaria abyssicola, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Crinoxdea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Antedon abyssicola, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 244,

2900 fathoms.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Prising a discincta, n.sp. Fragments ; obtained at no other locality.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypjha loveni, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 146, 147, 157, and 158 (?).

,, lacaz&i, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 299, 2160 fathoms.

Ophiocten pallidum, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 156.

Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 13).

Elpidia glacialis, Theel. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from North Atlantic and Kara Sea.
Scotoplanes mollis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Peniagone atrox, n.g., n.sp. One injured specimen; obtained at no other

locality.

Scotoanassa diaphana, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Oneirophanta mutabilis, n.g., n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained also at

Stations 146, 157, 241, 244, 281, 299, and 325. Only
species of the genus.

Benthodytes sanguinolenta, n.g., n.sp., var. marginata, nov. Four injured

specimens ; obtained also at Station 158.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Eunoa abyssorum, n.sp. One injured specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Polyno'e (?) ascidioides, n.sp. One injured specimen (from branchial sac of an

Ascidian) ; obtained at no other locality.

Static?-'

528 tite voyage of h.m.s. challenger.

Statics 160. Ostracopa (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Cy there f Heron abyssorum, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

ClRRIPKDIA (Hook, Zool. pt. 25).

Sol] Hum planum, n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Scaphopoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

D’ ntalium leptoskeles, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained also at Station 157.

PoLYZOA (Busk, Zool. pt. 30).

Ci'llcpora solida, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Brachiopoda (Davidson, Zool. pt. 1).

Tcnbratuht wyvillii, n.sp. Several specimens; obtained also at Stations 184, 244,
299, 302, and 317, 1035 to 2900 fathoms.

Tunic ata (Ilerdman, Zool. pts. 17 and 76).

Styela bythia, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ squamosa, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Abyvsctscidia wyvillii, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

The oi iv other species of the genus ( Abyssascidia vasculosa )
was taken at Station 157.

V i tnn *p. (?) ( gtganteum ?). One specimen and fragments (dead and decayed).

In i-lition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : — Small
UnMbda, fragments of Pourtalesia, and a broken Lamelli branch.

Excluding Protozoa, about 50 specimens of invertebrates were obtained at this
Station, belonging to about 30 species, of which 25 are new to science, including
repr-.- entatives of 10 new genera; 10 of the new species and 2 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

M< ■<■!< v write : “ Numerous Antipathariae wore attached to the manganese nodules,
thus showing that they do not lie deeply embedded in the mud.”

\\ lh-mo Suhm writ* h : “In to-day’s deep-sea trawling there was one small

Aplir >• nt.K ■ an, and no Crustacea except a Scalpellwn,. If the red Peueids lived in
nio rm' ; w it- r- we should ur* ly have taken some to-day. The genera represented :
I d ' .ijitljsith* Optnoglyplui, Vr^iiya, Scolpellum, and Dentalium (perhaps also
the specie*), are those got all through the cruise in deep water.”

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

529

Foramiotfera (Brady. Zoo], pt. 22). — The following species of Foraminifera were
observed in the deposit from this Station (see also Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea
Deposits Chalk Exp.) ; the pelagic species, which make up about 65 per cent, of the
carbonate of lime present in the deposit, are marked thus x : —

Biloculina depressa, d’Orbigny.

„ ,, var. murrhyna, Scliwager.

Spiroloculina planulata (Laraarck).

„ tenuis (Czjzek).

Miliolina venusta (Karrer).

Psammosphsera fusca, Schulze.

Jaculella obtusa, Brady.

Hyper ammina ramosa, Brady.

Aschemonella ramuliformis, Brady.

Rhizammina algxformis, Brady.

Reophax adunca , Brady.

„ dentaliniformis , Brady.

„ d ifflugiform is, Brady.

„ distans, Brady.

„ guttifera, Brady.

„ pilulifera, Brady.

,, scorpiurus, Montfort.

Haplophragmium agglutinans (d’Orbigny).

„ foliar, eum, Brady.

„ globigeriniforme (Parker and

Jones).

„ latidorsatum (Bornemann).

„ turbinatum , Brady.

Thurammina parpillata, Brady.

Hormosina ovicula, Brady.

Trocha/mmina galeata , Brady.

„ litidformis, Brady

' „ trullissata, Brady,

Textularia concava (Karrer).

Verneuilina pygmesa (Egger).

Gaudryina pupoides, d’Orbigny
Clavulina communis, d’Orbigny.

Virgulma schreibersiana, Czjzek
„ squamosa, d’Orbigny.

„ subd'epressa, Brady.

Cassidutina subglobosa, Brady.

Lagena acuticosta, Reuss.

„ alveolate,, Brady.

„ exsculpta, Brady.

Lagena fimbriata, Brady.

„ formosa, Schwager.

„ globosa (Montagu).

■ „ gracilis, Williamson.

„ gracillima (Seguenza),

,, hertwigiana, Brady.

„ laevigata (Reuss).

,, Ixvis (Montagu).

„ longispina, Brady.

„ marginata (Walker and Boys).

„ quadralata, Brady.

,, stapliyllearia, Schwager.

„ stclligera, Brady.

„ striata (d’Orbigny).

„ sulcata (Walker and Jacob).

Nodosaria communis, d’Orbigny.

„ roemeri (Neugeboren).

Uvigerina aeuleata, d’Orbigny.

„ asperula, Czjzek.

„ pygmsea, d’Orbigny.
x Globigerina bulloides, d’Orbigny.
x „ inflate, d’Orbigny.
x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.
x Pvllenia obliquiloculata, Parker and J ones
„ quinqueioba, Reuss,

„ sphasroides (d’Orbigny).

Sphseroidina bulloides, d’Orbigny.

Truncatulina akneriana (d’Orbigny) (?).

„ haidingerii (d’Orbigny) (?).

„ pygmxa, Hantken.

„ ungeriana (d’Orbigny).

„ wuellerstorfi (Schwager).

x Pulvinulina crassa (d’Orbigny).

„ exigua, Brady,
x „ micheliniana. (d’Orbigny).

Rotalia orbicularis, d’Orbigny.

Nonionina depressula (Walker and Jacob).

„ umbilicatula (Montagu).

Polystomella striatopunctata (Fichtel and Moll),

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface in the
vicinity of this Station : —

Station 160.
Organisms from
the Deposit.

Organisms from
Surface-Xets.

530

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 1G0. Radiol ARIA (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Spharozoum circumtext um, Haeckel.
Hexaplagin australis, Haeckel.
Theojihjena nonaria , Haeckel.

AMrmpoDA (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).
Parapronoe claim, n.sp.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Serge st es dorsispinalis, n.sp.

,, laterodentatus, n.sp.

In addition, the following are recorded m the note-books from the surface and down
• • a depth of 50 fathoms (March 15 and 16): — Cuboides, Diphyes, Pkysalia, Sagitta,
.1 ’■ '■/' (, Cyprid na, small species of Saphirina of a beautiful blue colour, Hyalophyllum
j .s' phirir,‘.lUt\ other small Copcpods, Hyperia, larvae of Euphausia and higher
Lh ■i apoda , Styliola, Cleodora [ -Clio], Atlanta, small fishes of two or three species,
and ni- b<-k ..f a Cimicid Hemipter (not Cimex lectularia). Pkysalia, Saphirina, and
Saph: riiH-lh, were observed for the first time after leaving the Cape.

Willcmoc "-Sulim writes: “Besides Sergestes, which after Phronima was one of the
iii" warm-water animals met with, there was also the Saphirinid Hyalophyllum,
},■ i),) | - Siphiriuella sty l if era], a species found in the Atlantic. Styliola and

Atl-mta became more abundant. The presence of a Hemipterous insect on the
- ; tr. im 'd the neighbourhood of land, and many large Medusae were floating past

h.- - o. A smal1 >pecies of Saphirina of a metallic dark blue colour (a species not
observed in the Atlantic) was very common.”

,\y. Tin expedition remained at Melbourne from 2 p.m. on March 17 till 6 A.M. on
\pi d 1 1*74, refitting the ship and obtaining magnetic and other observations on shore.

C. PACIFIC OCEAN.

I* l. Station 161 (Sounding 265), Melbourne to Sydney (sec Chart 25).

April 1, 1874 ; lat. 38’ 22' 30" S., long. 144° 36' 30" E.

Temperature of air at noon, 66 3 ; mean for the day, 64 '4.

Temj**rnture of water at surface, 63 o.

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 02568.

Depth, 33 fathoms; deposit, Shelly Sand, containing 82 22 per cent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Itcnard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chalk Exp.).

\: l . M s/"t up -*<im. At 6 a.m. weighed anchor and proceeded out of Hobson’s Bay.
At 7 m. p i -1 Gellibrand Lighthouse, and shaped course for the South Channel. At
0.40 a.m. made all plain sail. Proceeded under steam. At noon, rounded Inner
1 airway Bay of the South Channel. At 2 p.m. passed Port Philip Heads and shaped

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

531

course S. At 3 p.m. sounded and trawled in 33 fathoms, off the entrance to Port Station 161.
Philip. At 3.20 p.m. hove up trawl and proceeded. At 4 p.m. stopped and trawled.

At 4.30 p.m. hove up trawl and proceeded. At 5 p.m. stopped and trawled. At
5.30 p.m. hove up trawl and proceeded. The three trawlings, in depths varying
from 33 to 50 fathoms, brought up numerous specimens; Towards midnight the wind
fell to a calm.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Animals from
Tpawl.

Tetractinellida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

Anthastra parvispicula, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

PIydroida (Allman, Zool. pt. 20).

Azygoplon rostratum, n.g., n.sp One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Astropecten pectinatus, n.sp. Obtained also at -Station 162 and Port Jackson,

6 to 40 fathoms.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha kinbergi, Ljungman. Obtained also at Stations 162, 188, and Port

Jackson, 2 to 38 fathoms.

Ophiothrix aristulata , n.sp., var. (?). Obtained also at Stations 142 and 163.
Ophiobyrsa rudis, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species of the

genus.

Ophiomyxa australis, Liitken. For distribution see Station 109.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Goniocidaris tubaria (Lamarck). Obtained also at Station 162, 38 to 40 fathoms.
Microcyphus zigzag, Agassiz. Obtained also at Station 162, 38 to 40 fathoms.
EchinanihuS testudinarius, Gray. Obtained also at Station 163, 120 fathoms.

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Philomedes ivyville-thomsoni, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality
Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Hippomedon geelongi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Amaryllis baihycephalus , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

532

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Syrrhoe semiserrata , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Atyhis htvmochir , Haswell. Several specimens; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

AfyJoi>"'s S' rraticauc/a, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained at no other locality.
f- - . i s' a is, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

s'libcarinata (Haswell). Two specimens; obtained also at Station 168
and Port Jackson, 30 to 1100 fathoms. Recorded from
Australia and New Zealand.

I '/tut < brevicaudata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Dryo/t clrs v't.stu'ooid, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Only spocies of the genus.

Icilius danse, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pts. 33 and 48).

S' rolls tubercvlata , Grube. One specimen; obtained also at Station 162,

38 to 40 fathoms.

„ longicaudata , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, miuuta, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

. Irrtunts ocidatus, n.sp. Five specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, sp. ( ?). One specimen, species undetermined.

Q r"foaj>/i(dus gray anus, White, MS. Three specimens; obtained also at

Station 163b, 30 to 35 fathoms. Recorded from Bass
Strait.

Seven other specimens, genera and species undetermined.

Ccmacea (Sars, Zool. pt. 55).

Cy< /nspis australis, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Bchizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).

I*s udomma australe, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other

locality.

Atu-hiahat ungustus, n.;~p. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Mysulojuris lucisa, n.sp. One injured specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

E i^tyuru, lacertosu.i, n.sp., var. noun, nov. Several specimens (in shells of JVassa,

Turritella, and Natica) ; obtained also at Stations 162
and 163b, 38 and 35 fathoms. The species was taken at
Station 166, 275 fathoms.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

533

Brachyttra (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Achseus tenuicollis, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 162, 38 fathoms.
Pilumnus tomentosus, Latreille (?). One specimen; obtained also at Station 162,

38 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

Porlunus corrugatas (Pennant). Four specimens ; obtained also at Stations 75, 162,

and Cape Yerdes.

Halicarcinus ovatus, Stimpson. Two specimens ; obtained also at Port Jackson (?),

2 to 10 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

Ebalia ( Phlyxia ) intermedia, n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality,

Pycyogonida (Hoek, Zool. pt. 35).

Ascorhynchus minutus, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Pall ne languida, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Cardium ( Bucardium ) pulchellum , Gray. Obtained also at Station 162 and Port

Jackson, 2 to 40 fathoms. Recorded from New
Zealand.

Leda crassa (Hinds). Single valve ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia and Tasmania.

„ ensicula , Angas. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded

from Port Jackson.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Trochus ( Euchelus ) dunkeri, Koch. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Port Adelaide.

,, (Solariella) philippensis , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Typhis philippensis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Nassa ( Niotha ) pauperata (Lamarck). Obtained also at Station 162 and Port

Jackson, 2 to 40 fathoms. Recorded from Australia and
Tasmania.

Natica effossa , n.sp. Obtained also at Port Jackson, 30 to 35 fathoms.

Turritella philippensis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pts. 30 and 50; Waters, pt. 79).

AEteOj anguina (Linne). Obtained also at Stations 36, 135, 162, and 204.
Catenicella hastata, Busk. Obtained also at Stations 162 and 163a, 38 and

150 fathoms. Recorded from Australia and New Zealand.

,, cribraria. Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Australia and New Zealand.

(SUMMARY OF RESULTS CHALL. EXr. — 1893.)

Station 161.

68

Station 161.

I:.' tun' i cry. alliua, Gray. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Caberea rudis, Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded

from Bass Strait.

C" rb'..< a dissimilis, Busk. Obtained also at Stations 162, 163a, and 196, 38 to

825 fathoms. Recorded from Australia and Tasmania.
lbh jtora ernssa, u.sp. Obtained also at Station 162, 38 fathoms. [Waters calls it

Retepora porcellana, MacGiUivray].

rictorimsis , n.sp. (i). Obtained also at Station 162 and Japan (var.

Mu i 'iodbt pyriform!*, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 162, 38 fathoms. [Waters

calls it Bracebridyia geometrica (Reuss)].

,, .< titnplicissima , n.sp. (?). Obtained at no other locality.

>• y ^rrlla ceril ii (Audouin). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Cellepora bilabiata, n.sp. (?). Obtained at no other locality.

Luk nUtria capulus, Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Cape Capricorn.

CV/'-A ,i< rojiara, Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded

from Australia.

II >r, ■' ra fuliao a. MacGiUivray. Obtained ;dso at Port Jackson, 35 to 38 fathoms.

Recorded from Australia.

Aiunthia .'/■■rah.*, Lamouroux. Obtained also at Stations 162 and 163a, 38 and

150 futlioms. Recorded from Australia.

Iii add:’ on to tin fonyoing, i he following are recorded in the Station -book : —
Itcyonium, Annelid, T right, and Platcsm.

Excluding Protozoa, about 150 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at thi - Station, belonging to about 71 species, of which 35 are new to science, including
repn-.-entativee oi 8 new genera; 27 of the new species and 3 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

Recorded from Australia, New Zealand, Magellan Strait,
aud Campbell’s Island.

japonica ), 8 to 50 fathoms. [Waters calls it Retepora
monilifera, MacGiUivray, form munita , Hincks].

V. • S . writ<* : “(inly one or two Annelid fragments came up. Polyzoa,

- -p* • .illy ( Ttcnifcllid;i: and Ilorucrse, came up in great quantities. Among the
( m • ■ <-.i tli* r . r . \ ry -mall sjiecim'n of My sis, or a closely-allied genus, a Cuma,

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

535

a very slender form allied to Anceus, very small and insignificant Serolis, probably one
of the northernmost representatives of this southern genus, an Ostracode, a peculiar Maiid,
a small Stenorhynchus, and a Nymphon. The shell of a Venus was very remarkable.”

Station 162 (Sounding 266), Melbourne to Sydney (see Chart 25).

April 2, 1874 ; lat. 39° 10' 30" S., long. 146° 37' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 620,3 ; mean for the day, 62°’3.

Temperature of water at surface, 63 '2.

Density at 60° F. at surface 1 ‘02632.

Depth, 38 fathoms ; deposit, Shelly Sand, containing 8 2 ‘2 2 per cent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chalk Exp.).

Under steam all night. At 5.30 a.m. observed land near Wilson’s Promontory on
the port bow. Altered course towards Rodondo Island. At 8.20 a.m. passed S. side of
Rodondo Island, and altered: course towards Moncoeur Islands. At 9.20 a.m. passed within
a mile (S. by E.) of W. Moncoeur Island, and steered towards E. Moncoeur Island.
At 10 a.m. stopped near E. Moncoeur Island to dredge. Lowered cutter, and landed
exploring party on E. Moncoeur Island. At 11 a.m. hove up dredge. Fired two guns to
recall exploring party. At noon stopped off N.W. point of E. Moncoeur Island. At
12.20 p.m. exploring party returned. Proceeded N.E. by E. At 1.20 p.m. stopped to
trawl. At 2.40 p.m. hove up trawl, and made sail. At 7.30 p.m. lost sight of Wilson’s
Promontory Light.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the dredge and
trawl at this Station : —

Keratosa (Polejaeff, Zook pt. 31).

Psammocl ema ramosum, Marshall. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Bass Strait.

„ folictceum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Cacospongia tuberculata, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Moxaxonida (Ridley and Dendy, Zook pt. 59).

Pachychalina elongata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, (?) punctata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Chalina pergamentacea , Ridley. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Brazil and Torres Strait.

Station 161.

Station 162.

AnDIALS PKO.M
Dredge and
Trawl.

I

536 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Chalina sp. (?). One specimen.

,S7 annulota, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
PhizochaJina -putridosa (Lamarck ?). Three specimens; obtained also at Bahia

and Port Jackson.

TcJnnia commixtu, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Ksj»reUa arenicola, n.sp. One specimen and fragments; obtained at no other-

locality.

„ sp. (?). One specimen.

Cl'ithri'i flegantula, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Phimohalichorulrio nuimmillata, Carter. One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.
EchinodcUhria ft : u-ter. Six specimens (growing on Pecten shells) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.

,, carteri, n.sp. One or two specimens ; obtained also at Station 163a

and Port Jackson, 30 to 120 fathoms.

,, glabra, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Spi r<istrella mrtssa, n.sp. Two large pieces; obtained at no other locality.

Tkj ka< tinellida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

PH rhrota Irmlnj- -Idi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Anthastra communis, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens; obtained also at Station 163a

and Port Jackson, 6 to 150 fathoms.

Psammastra murrayi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Tethya ingalli, Bowerbank. One specimen ; obtained also at Port Jackson,

6 to 1 5 fathoms. Recorded from Australia and Seychelles.

Calcarba (Polfjaeff, Zool. pt. 24).

Si/nm arborcum (Haeckel). Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Aix vonaria (Wright and Studcr, Zool. pt. 64).

Mditodes mgosa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

1/opv a ciurrinula (Lamarck). Three specimens; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Flabcllum trartsrersale, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
li ilfiuophyUi'i bairdiana, M. -Edwards and Ilaime. Three specimens ; obtained also

at Port Jackson, 30 to 35 fathoms.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

537

Hydroida (Allman, Zool. pts. 20 and 70). Station 162.

Heteroplon pluma, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Diploclieilus mirdbilis, n.g., n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

Calamphora parvula, n.g., n.sp. Numerous specimens ; obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

Desmoscyphus pectinatus, n.sp. Obtained also at Bahia.

Piety ocladium dichotomum, n.g., n.sp. Numerous specimens ; obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Astropecten pectinatus, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 161 and Port Jackson.

Nectria ocellifera (Lamarck), Gray. Several specimens ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Stichaster polyplax (Muller and Troschel). Obtained at no other locality by tbe

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Asterias ( Stolasterias ) calamaria, Gray. Obtained also at Port Jackson. Recorded

from Australia, New Zealand, and Mauritius.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Pectinura arenosa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Opliioglypha kinbergi, Ljungman. Obtained also at Stations 161, 188, and Port

Jackson.

Ophiocnida pilosa, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 212, 10 to 20 fathoms.

Ophionereis schayeri (Muller and Troschel). Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Ophiomyxa australis, Liitken. For distribution see Station 109.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Goniocidaris tubaria (Lamarck). Obtained also at Station 161

Sphser echinus australiae, Agassiz. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Microcyphus zigzag, Agassiz. Obtained also at Station 161.

Arnblypneustes formosus , Yal. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Peronella peroni (Agassiz). Obtained also at Port Jackson, 30 to 35 fathoms.

Nemertea (Hubrecht, Zool. pt. 54).

Drepanophorus serraticollis, Hubrecht. Two fragments ; obtained also at

Station 149.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

53*

Station 162. Annelida (M'Intosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Pohjnot platycirrus, n.sp. A few specimens; obtained also at Station 163a,

150 fathoms.

TIutleiK isa oculatn, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 172, 18 fathoms.
Stau I'Ocephalus australiensis , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Eunice vittata (Delle Chiaje). Obtained also at Bermuda.

,, j > tjcmbranchiata, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained also at Station 163a,

150 fathoms.

,, bnssensis, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Aglaia (?) pusilla, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Pontocypns fuba (Reuss) (?). Obtained also at Sandwich Islands, 4C fathoms.

Fossil — Antwerp Crag.

Macrocypris maculata, Brady. Obtained also at Stations 145, 149, the Cape,

and Amboina.

Bythocypris ren if or mis, n.g., n.sp. For distribution see Station 24.

Bairdia viUosa, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 135, 145, and 149.

amygdaloidcs, Brady. Obtained also at Stations 185, 187, 305, Port
Jackson, New Guinea, and Sandwich Islands, 2 to
165 fathoms.

„ foveolata , Brady. For distribution see Station 33.

,, i rictrix, Brady. For distribution see Station 24.

Cy there canaliculata (Reuss). Obtained also at Port Jackson, 2 to 10 fathoms.

Recorded from Australia. Fossil — European Tertiaries.
kerguelenensis , n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 145, 149, and Port Jackson.
mxtroiiKO-ginata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 167 and Sandwich Islands,
150 and 40 fathoms.

,, obtusalata, n.sp. Obtained also at Admiralty Islands, 16 to 25 fathoms.

,, ica brocuneata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 233b, 15 fathoms, and

Wellington Harbour, N.Z.

X'sU,l<h<-ns granulosa, n.sp. Obtained also at Port Jackson, 2 to 10 fathoms.

< 'ytherira crypt [fern, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
CythcreUa cavenuim, Brady. Obtained also at Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms.

Recorded from Java.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Hipjtomrrion micr.ri, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
tEdo ■ roidcs omata , n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

539

Liljeborgia haswelli, Stebbing. One specimen; obtained at no other locality by Station 162.

the Challenger. Recorded from Tasmania and Port Jackson.

„ asquabilis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Autonoe philacantha, n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pt. 33).

Serolis tuberculata, Grube. One specimen; obtained also at Station 161.

,, australiensis, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, 'pallida, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Port Jackson, 30 to
35 fathoms.

Five other specimens, genera and species undetermined.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Alpheus graeilipes, Stimpson. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality b}T
the Challenger. Recorded from Tahiti.

Leptochela robusta, Stimpson. Sixteen specimens ; obtained also near the surface off
Sydney. Recorded from China Sea and Loo-choo Islands.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Dromia ciliata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Cryptodromia lateralis (Gray). Two specimens; obtained also at Station 163a

and Port Jackson (?), 2 to 150 fathoms. Recorded from
Australia and New Zealand to Japan and Philippines.

Cliba/narius strigimanus (White). One specimen (in shell of Valuta) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Tasmania.

Eupagurus lacertosus, n.sp., var. nana, nov. Many specimens (in shells of

Nassa, Turritella, Mur ex, and Eburna ) ; obtained also at
Stations 161 and 163b.

M unida subrugosa (White), var. australiensis, nov. Several specimens ; obtained

at no other locality (for distribution of the species see
Station 304).

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Achseus lenuicollis, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 161.

Chlorinoides coppingeri (Haswell). Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia and Indian
Ocean.

Micippa spinosa, Stimpson, var. affinis, nov. Three specimens ; obtained at no

other locality. The species was taken at Port Jackson.

r»40

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 162.

tcf.ro jx ronii (M. -Edwards). Several specimens; obtained also at Port Jackson (?),

2 to 10 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

PI tm><us tu/ncntosus, Latreille (?). Several spocimens; obtained also at Station 1.61.
Parhn, ns coervgatus (Pennant). Four specimens; obtained also at Stations 75,

161, and Cape Verdes.

Lbalia tuberculosa (M. -Edwards). Several specimens; obtained also at Stations 142,

163a, 167, and Port Jackson.

,, ( Phlyxia ) crassipes (Bell). Several specimens; obtained also at Port

Jackson, 2 to 35 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

Me rocryptus la mb nf or mis, M. -Edwards. Several specimens ; obtained also at

Pycnogonida (Iloek, Zool. pt. 10).

l'allcne austral iensis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 163a,

150 fathoms.

,, Uevis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

L.amei.libranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt, 35).

Myochama cinomioides, Stutchbury. Obtained also at Port Jackson, 2 to 10 fathoms.

Thracia watsoni, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ nxyodoroid.es , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Venus (C/done) striatissima, Sowerhy. Obtained also at Port Jackson,

2 to 10 fathoms.

Cytlereo (Callista) rutila, Sowerby. Two odd valves; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Cardium ( Bvcardium ) pidchellum, Gray. Obtained also at Station 161 and

Port Jackson.

Kell in rotunda (I)eshayes), var. (?). Several specimens ; obtained also at Port

Jackson. Recorded from Australia.

Cardita calyculata (Linne). Obtained also at Station VII p.

. „ beddomei, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, bimaeulata, Deshnycs. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from New Zealand.

„ dilcctn , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Cniswitclla nurora, Adams and Angas. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Tasmania.

/'/•"/' on maryaritncea , Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Station 163a, 150 fathoms. Recorded from Upolu.

Recorded from Australia.

Pcctunciilns beddomei , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

541

Limopsis bassi, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Area ( Barbcitia ) radula, Adams. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia.

Pinna. tasmanica, T.-Woods (?). One specimen; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Lima ( Limatula ) bullata (Born). Obtained also at Port Jackson, 2 to 10 fathoms.

Recorded from Australia and Philippines.

Pecten asperrimus, Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

,, undulatus, Sowerby. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Tasmania.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Trochus ( Ziziphinus ) tinctus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ sp. (?).

Mur ex ( Chicoreus ) palmiferus, Sowerby. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Port Jackson.

„ (Pteronotus) Iriformis, Reeve. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger Recorded from Australia.

„ ( ,, ) eordismei, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Nassa ( Niotha ) pauper ata (Lamarck). Obtained also at Station 161 and Port

Jackson.

Fusus pyrulatus, Reeve. One young specimen ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Tasmania.

,, novsehollandise, Reeve. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia.

Eburna ( Zemira ) australis , Sowerby. Obtained also at Port Jackson, 6 to 7 fathoms.

Recorded from Port Jackson.

Faseiolaria coronata , Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia, Tasmania, and Philippines.

„ sp. (?). (Probably young of Faseiolaria coronata).

Mitra ( Nebularia ) glabra i, Swainson (?). One small specimen ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

,, ( Pusia ) cineracea, Reeve. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Philippines.

Voluta (Scaphella) undulata, Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia,

Marginella ( Persicula ) ovulum, Sowerby. Obtained also at Port Jackson,

2 to 10 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.)

Station

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGES.

542

Marginella, four other species undetermined.

Pl ’irotoma (Drillia) quoyi, Desmoulins. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia and Tasmania.

„ ( „ ) hymatoessa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ sp. (?).

Conus ( Leptoconus ) anemone , Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Triton subdistortus, Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia and Tasmania.

„ (Epidromus) sp. (?).

Cyprsea pipe rota, Solander. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia.

,, (Trivia) australis, Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Crepidula immersa (Angas). Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Turn' fella cordismei, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, lamellosa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, runcinata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, accisa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, carlottse, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 167a, 10 fathoms.

Odostomia (Parthenia) casta (Adams). Obtained also at Port Jackson,

2 to 10 fathoms. Recorded from China Seas and
Australia.

Stylifnr crotaphis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Bittium ap. (?).

Tri/oris, two species undetermined.

Litorina mauritiana (Lamarck). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, and
Australia.

liis8oa sp. (?).

Aetaon austri.nus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Octopus boscii (Leaueur), var. pallida, nov. One specimen ; obtained also at
Station 163a, 150 fathoms. The species recorded from Australia.

Polyzoa (Husk, Zool. pta. 30 and 50 ; Waters, pt. 79).

Et> a anguina (Linn£). Obtained also at Stations 36, 135, 161, and 204.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

543

Catenicella hastata, Busk. Obtained also at Stations 161 and 163a.

Canda arachnoides, Lamouroux. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Becorded from Bass Strait, New Zealand, and Timor.
Flustra membranipomdes, n.sp. Obtained also at Port Jackson, 35 fathoms.
Carbasea dissimilis, Busk. Obtained also at Stations 161, 163a, and 196.

,, elegans. Busk. Obtained also at Station 314, 70 fathoms. Becorded from
Tasmania.

„ pisciformis , Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Becorded from Australia and Tasmania.

Diachoris crotali, Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Becorded from Australia.

Membrampora crassimarginata (Hincks), var. erecta, nov. Obtained also at

Station 151.

Amphiblestrum cervicorne, Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Becorded from Australia.

Foveolaria elliptica, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Station 320, 600 fathoms.
Calescharci denticulata, MacGillivray (?), var. tenuis, nov. Obtained at no other

locality. The species recorded from Australia.

Salicornaria clavata, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 145, 149, 151, 163b, and 304.

[Waters ealls it Cellaria australis, MacGillivray].

„ simplex , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Becorded from New . Zealand. [Waters calls it Cellaria
rigida, MacGillivray].

Retepora crassa, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 161. [Waters ealls it Retepora

porcellana, MacGillivray].

„ victoriensis, n.sp. (?). Obtained also at Station 161 and Japan (var.

japonica). [Waters calls it Retepora monilifera ,
MacGillivray, form munita, Hincks].

,, phcenicea, Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Becorded from Australia.

Microporella coscinopora, var. armata, Waters. Obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Eschara gracilis, Lamarck. Obtained also at Station 190, 49 fathoms. Becorded

from Bass Strait. Fossil — Tertiary and Miocene (?) of

Australia.

Mucronella pyriformis, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 161. [Waters calls it

Bracebridgia geometrica (Beuss)].

„ tricuspis, Hincks. Obtained also at Stations 145, 315, and Simon's
Bay, Cape.

Station 1G2.

THE VOYAGE OF II.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 162.

544

Schizoporella triangnla, Hincks. Obtained also at Station 151.

,, woosteri, MacGillivray. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Ct lloporo hastigera, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ columnaris, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ bidenticulata, n.sp., var. subsequalis, nov. Obtained at no other locality.

The species was taken at Port Jackson, 35 fathoms.

„ granum , Ilincks. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Bass Strait.

Pustidopora regvlaris, MacGillivray. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Amathia spiralis, Lamouronx. Obtained also at Stations 161 and 163a.

Buachiopoda (Davidson, Zool. pt. l).

Tcrebratulina cancellata, Koch. Numerous specimens ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Tumcata (Herdman, Zool. pts. 17 and 38).

Microcosmus propinquus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ polymorphous, Pleller. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger. Recorded from Mediterranean.

Cynthia Jissa , n.sp. Several specimens; obtained at no other locality.

„ kispida, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Sly da radicosa, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 163 (?), 120 fathoms.
Pnlycaipa molguloides, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, idgida, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, bassi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

]JnchychUena oblonya, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

,, obesa, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Colella murrayi, n.g., n.sp., var. rubida, nov. One colony; obtained at no other

locality. The species was taken at Station 163d, 120 fathoms.
A(<q>oyaster auranliaca, n.g., n.sp. One colony ; obtained at no other locality.
Amaroucium albidum, n.sp. Two colonies ; obtained at no other locality.
Didemnum nvrantiacum, n.sp. One colony; obtained at no other locality.

Fishks (Giinther, Zool. pt. 6).

LcjAdotrigla phalsena , C.V. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia.

Perris allporti, Gunther. Obtained also at Station 163a, 150 fathoms (?)

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

545

Callionymus calcmropomus, Rich. Obtained also at Station 204, 115 fathoms.

Lophonectes gallus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Port Jackson, 30 fathoms. Only
species of the genus.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : —
Actinian, several Comatulse, and shell of Argonauta hians.

Excluding Protozoa, about 500 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 210 species, of which 94 are new to science,
including representatives of 14 new genera ; 65 of the new species and 5 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ The dredge and trawl brought up a great mass of speci-
mens very well illustrating the Australian shallow-water fauna. Besides the remarkable
Goniocidaris and other Echinoderms, all the chief genera of the larger Polyzoa : Eschara,
Retepora, Flustra , Catenicella, Bijlustra, were found. There were only a few Annelids,
among which I remarked a very elongated form of Aphroditaceans. A Ranina was found
commensalistic in Ascidians and Sponges. Ascidians were very plentiful, both simple and
composite. Among the Mollusca, which were represented by some genera of warmer
climates, as Pinna, Conus, and Cyprsea, we found empty shells of Trigonia and
Argonauta, also some specimens of Octopod cuttle-fishes. The fishes included a small
species of Balistes, Trigla, and Platessa.”

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface in this
locality : —

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).
Xipho stylus phasianus, Haeckel.
Castanidium bromleyi, Haeckel.

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).

Acartia denticornis, n.sp.
Candace pectinata, Brady.
Copilia mirabilis, Dana.
Corycseus varius, Dana.

Oncsea obtusa (Dana).

Saphirina ovalis, Dana.

Setella gracilis, Dana.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).
Euthemisto australis, n.sp. (?).

Phoxocephalus bassi, n.sp.
Tetrathyrus nioncceuri, n.sp.
Thamneus platyrrhynchus, n.sp

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool, pt. 37).

Nyctiphanes australis, n.g., n.sp.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65).

Limacina injlata (d’Orbigny).

,, lesueuri (d’Orbigny).

„ trochiformis (d’Orbigny).
,, bulimoides (d’Orbigny).

Clio ( Creseis ) virgula (Rang).
Cavolinia longirostris (Lesueur).

Station 102.

Organisms from
Surface-Xets.

St a tins 162.

Station 163.

Statios 163a.

.->46

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Ptkropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65).
Cm'olinia yibbosa (Rang).
Cleodora compressa , Souleyet
[ = young of Cavolinia
trispinosa].

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Doliolum denticulatum , Quoy and
Gaimard.

Sal pa democratica - mucronata,
Forsk&hl.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books : — Beroe, Hyperia,
I iphausia, Megalopa stage of crab, and small fish. Two fur-seals were seen swimming
about the ship.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ On the surface we found a great many EuphoMsise

Megalopa) of a Brachyurous crab, many small chain-bearing Salpx, and fine rose-coloured
specimens of a Beroe."

Station 163 (Sounding 267), Melbourne to Sydney (see Chart 25).

April 4, 1874 ; lat. 36° 57' S., long. 150° 34' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 67°’3 ; mean for the day, 65 °*3.
Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

•

720

200 fathoms, .

51-4

50 fathoms,

65-2

250 „ . .

49‘2

100 „

•

59-3

300 „

47-6

150 „

•

54-9

Bottom,

34-5

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 ‘02652; bottom, 1 ‘02601.

Depth, 2200 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 61*77 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chalk Exp.).

At 6.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and got up steam to sound and trawl. At
0 a.m. sounded in 2200 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures at intervals of 50 fathoms
down to 300 fathoms. At 11 a.m. completed temperature observations, and proceeded
under steam W. by N. towards the land.

Station 163 a.

At 1.30 p. M. stopped and sounded in 150 fathoms, deposit Green Mud (?). Put over
trawl. At 2 r.M. hove up trawl and proceeded. At 2.30 p.m. stopped and put trawl
• ver again. At 3.45 p.m. hove up trawl. The two trawlings were very successful, the

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

547

depth varying from 120 to 150 fathoms. Proceeded under steam to swing ship for

errors of compasses. At 6.30 p.m. completed swinging, and proceeded N. by W.

At midnight sounded in 150 fathoms, no bottom.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this

Station : —

Moxaxonida (Ridley and Bendy, Zool. pt. 59).

Desmacidon fruticosa (Montagu), war. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Britain.

Iophon cylindricus, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, (?) omnivorus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Clathria inanchorata, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Echinoclathria carteri , n.sp. Three or four specimens ; obtained also at Station 162

and Port Jackson.

Tetraotinellida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

Chrotella simplex , n.g., n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality. The

only other species of the genus ( Chrotella macella) was
taken at Station 208.

Craniella pulchra, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Anthastra pulchra, n.g., n.sp. Ten specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

„ communis, n.g., n.sp. Thirty-five specimens ; obtained also at Station 162
and Port Jackson.

Calcarea (Polejaeff, Zool. pt. 24).

Leucosolenia poterium (Haeckel) (?). Numerous specimens ; obtained also at Port

Jackson, 30 to 35 fathoms. Recorded, from Australia and
Patagonia.

Ute argentea, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Eilhardia schulzei , n.g., n.sp. One or two specimens ; obtained also at Port

Jackson, 30 to 35 fathoms. Only species of the genus.

Alcyonarta (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Eunephthya fusca, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Prirnnoella grandisquamis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, austrcdasise, Gray. Several specimens ; obtained also at Port Jackson,
30 to 35 fathoms. Recorded from Australia and New
Zealand.

Station 163a.

Animals from
Trawl.

548 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

8x kTH*s 163a. Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

i

Cyothoceras cornu, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 320,

GOO fathoms. The only other species of the genus
{Cyathoceras rubescens) was taken at Station 192.

FJabdlum australe, n.sp. Eleven specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Hydroida (Allman, Zool. pts. 20 and 70).

Plumularia laxa , n.sp. Obtained at uo other locality.

Halecium beanii, Johnston. Obtained also at Station 75.

Perisiphonia JUicula, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Station 75.

Hypopyxis labrosa, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species of the

genus.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiopcza yoldii, Liitken (?). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

1 mphiura squamata (Delle Chiaje), Sars. Obtained also at Station 141.
Ophiocovia sp. (?) (young ?).

Ophiothrix aristulata, n.sp., var. Obtained also at Stations 142 and 161.
Ophiomyxa australis, Liitken. For distribution see Station 109.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Echinanthus testudinarius, Gray. Obtained also at Station 161.

Annelida (M'Intosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Polynoe platy cirrus, n.sp. Several specimens; obtained also at Station 162. A

fragment stated in error to have come from Station 163,
2200 fathoms.

Phyllodocc duplex, D.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Eunice pycnobranchiata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 162.

TercbeUa yrubei, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ (Ixinice) fiabellum, Baird. Obtained also at Station 145.

ISOPODA.

Seven specimens, genera and species undetermined.

Anomc ra (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Cryptodromia lateralis (Gray). One specimen; obtained also at Station 162 and

Port Jackson (?).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

549

Cryptodr omia incisa, n.sp. Two specimens , obtained at no other locality. Station 163a.

Latreillia australiensis, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained also at Port Jackson,

30 to 35 fathoms.

Glaucothoe carinata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Pylocheles spinosus, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Galathea pusilla, n.sp. Three specimens; obtained at no other locality.

Munida haswelli , n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Ebcdia tuberculosa (M.-Ed wards). Two specimens ; obtained also at Stations 142,

162, 167, and Port Jackson.

Merocryptus lambriformis, M. -Edwards. Two specimens; obtained also at

Station 162.

Pycnogonida (Hoek, Zool. pt. 10).

Pallene australiensis, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 162.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Octopus boscii (Lesueur), var. pallida , nov. Two specimens ; obtained also at
Station 162.

,, duplex , n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Sepia cultrata , Steenstrup, MS. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pts. 30 and 50; Waters, pt. 79).

Eucratea chelata (Linne). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. A

widely-distributed species.

Catenicella ventricosa , Busk, var. maculata, Busk. Obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, hastata, Busk. Obtained also at Stations 161 and 162.

,, plagiostoma , Busk. Obtained also at Port Jackson, 35 fathoms.

Recorded from Australia and Banks Strait.

„ elegans, Busk. Obtained also at Stations 122, 135, and 188.

Didymia simplex, Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia and New Zealand.

Dimetopia cornuta, Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia.

Flustra denticulata, Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from New Zealand.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.)

70

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

550

> i-loN io;u. Carbasea dissimiJis , Busk. Obtained also at Stations 161, 162, and 196.

Mmbranipora spinosa, d’Orbigny. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Patagonia and Australia.
Ini phi blest mm umbonatum, Busk. Obtained also at Station 313, 55 fathoms.

Recorded from Australia and Tasmania.

Cal i/mmophora lucidci, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species of

the genus. [Waters calls it Urceolipora nana,
MacGillrvray].

Salicornaria divaricata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Port Philip.

„ bicomis. Busk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Tasmania and Bass Strait.

T dnu Uaria ldrsuta (Lamouroux). Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia and New
Zealand.

Smittia transversa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Adeor ut appendiculata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Crisia conferta, Busk. Obtained also at Cape Verdes.
hnalhia spiralis, Lamouroux. Obtained also at Stations 161 and 162.

,, tortuosa, Woods (?). Obtained at no' other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia.

Ascopodaria fruticoaa { Hincks). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Port Philip Heads.

Brachiopoda (Davidson, Zool. pt. 1).

Terebratula vva, Broderip. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 150 and 320.
Mi-ifeAia iciUrrnbesi, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Tinr ata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 17).

Polycarjja radicata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Port Jackson,

6 fathoms.

A idia eylindrarea, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Fishes (Oiinther, Zool. pts. 6 and 57).

Rfija nitida, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Eteli * «p. (?). Two young specimens.

Srorprrui cntcnUt, SoUnder. Obtained also at New Zealand.

p^rcoides, Solander. Obtained also at Stations 166 and 173, 275 and
315 fathoms. Recorded from Australia, Tasmania,
aud New Zealand.

Eskgrurrd Vr >W5rr fcS.

SUMMARY" OF RESULTS.

551

Sebastes percoides, Rich. Obtained also at Port Jackson, 30 fathoms, and Station 163a.

D’Urville Island, New Zealand.

Percis allporti , Gunther. Obtained also at Station 162.

Brachionichthys hirsutus , Lac. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Callionymus phasis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Pseudophycis bacchus (Forst.). Obtained also at D’Urville Island, New Zealand.

Lseops parviceps, n.g.,n.sp. Obtained also at Station 190, 35 to 49 fathoms. Only

species of the genus.

Chlorophthalmus nigripinnis, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Solenognathus fascicitus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : —

Several Actiniae, Comatula, several Maiids, Stenorhynchus, Panina, several Amphipods,

Lima, Limopsis, Pecten, Cyprsea, Murex.

Excluding Protozoa, about 300 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 94 species, of which 43 are new to science, including
representatives of 8 new genera ; 30 of the new species and 2 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

Willemoes-Sukm writes : “ Among the Sponges small round silicisponges prevailed,
together with very light, elongated and perforated, forms. There was again a large
quantity of Polyzoa, but the forms differed from those taken in shallower water at
the last Station, including the gregarious Pedieellina. Among the Annelids I found
several Nereids, and among the Crustacea large Stenorhynchi and Ranina, this time
commensalistic only in Sponges. The Moliusca were represented by a large tropical
Cyprsea and several Cephalopods, and the fishes by a Torpedo, a Raia, a Hippocampus,
and a small Lophioid with crested head,”

Moseley writes : “ For the first time we procured enough fish to allow of our eating
them. A red Percoid came up in abundance, also a large Hippocampus, a sting-ray,
and dog-fish. Holothurians were apparently entirely absent.”

Surface Organisms.— -The following species
Station : —

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).

Calanus jinmarchicus (Gunner).

,, valgus, n.sp.

Pleuromma abdominaie (Lubbock).

Undina vulgams, Dana.

are recorded from the surface at this Organisms from

Surface-Xets.

Undina darwinii, Lubbock.
Drepanopus furcatus, n.g., n.sp.
Temora dubia (Lubbock).
Ccntropages violaccus (Claus).

552

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 163a.

At Port Jackson.

Animal* n»< *

PfiMT Jacuo*.

Copkpoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).
Candace pectinata, Brady.
Oncxa obtusa (Dana).

Schizopoda (Bars, Zool. pt. 37).
Euphausia latifrons, n.sp.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).
Icotopus arcurostris, n.g., n.sp.
Diaphoropus versipellis, n.g., n.sp.
Zoontocaris galathese, n.g., n.sp.
Oodeopus serratus, n.g., n.sp.

On t he night of April 3, off Cape Howe, the sea was luminous, and two hauls of the
tow-net procured : — Brown Medusae, Diphyes, Beroe, Ostracodes, Saphirina and other
Copepods in quantities, Hyperia, Phronima, Squillerichthus, Euphausia , Lucifer ,
S( rgestes , Zoeaj, Styliola, Cleodora [ = Clio], Appendicularia, and fish eggs in large
numbers.

The Challenger remained at Port Jackson, Sydney, from 3 p.m. on April 6 till
7.30 a.m. on June 12, 1874 (for description of Sydney see Narr. Chall. Exp., vol. i.
pp. 454-463). While at Sydney the specimens collected during the southern cruise were
catalogued and carefully packed by Mr. Murray, and despatched to England in 65 boxes
and 10 casks.

On the morning of June 3 the ship proceeded out of the harbour with a party
of visitors on board, including the principal scientific and naval men of Sydney, and
when 6 or 7 miles from the entrance to Port Jackson a sounding was taken in
35 fathoms (Station 163b), and the dredge and trawl were lowered several times in
from 30 to 40 fathoms, most of the specimens brought up belonging to the Port Jackson
fauna. In the afternoon the ship returned and anchored at the entrance of Sydney Cove.

At 3.30 p.m. on June 8, the ship left Port Jackson, but the same night and following
day such bad weather was experienced that it was found impossible to sound as
proposed for the telegraph cable, and in consequence the ship returned and anchored
in Watsons Bay on the evening of June 9. The weather continued unfavourable
during June 10 and 11, the expedition finally leaving Port Jackson on the morning of
June 12.

During the stay Mr. Murray conducted many dredgings from the steam pinnace
within the Heads of Port Jackson. The following species are recorded in the Zoological
K* j ■ rt - fr n the shore and from shallow water in the neighbourhood of Port Jackson,
the deptr given in the Reports being indicated : —

Keratosa (Polejaeff, Zool. pt. 31).

Sponge ha spinifera, Schulze. Two specimens (7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Adriatic.

Pammopemma densnm, Marshall. One specimen (7 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 49.

chart 26. Summary of Rosa It.

>

I

CO

'fcOTfmriiiiimicsnTJ's.:

/Dunn

SUMMARY, OF RESULTS.

653

Cacospongia murrayi, n.sp. One specimen (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality. Port Jackson.
„ vesiculijera , n.sp. One specimen (7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Monaxonida (Ridley and Dendy, ZooL pt. 59).

Pachychalina lobata, Ridley. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Siphonochalina intermedia , n.sp. One specimen (7 to 8 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Rhizockalina putridosa (Lamarck ?). One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms); obtained

also at Station 162 and Bahia.

Gelliodes poculum , n.sp. One specimen overgrowing Stryphnus niger (30 to

35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Tedania digitata (Schmidt). Several specimens (6 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. A widely-
distributed species.

„ „ var. Jibrosa, nov. One specimen (7 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Esperella murrayi, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

„ porosa, n.sp. Two specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Esperiopsis cylindrica, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Amphilectus ceratosus, n.sp. Three specimens (7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Clathria lendenfeldi, n.sp. One specimen (depth not given) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Echinoclathria carteri , n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 162 and 163a.

Phdkellia fiabeilata, n.sp. Eleven specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

locality.

Axinetta arbor escens, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

other locality.

Suberites camosus (Johnston). One specimen (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 75 and Fernando Noronha.

„ perfectus, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

554

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

r . i a . *. - Suberites durissimus, n.sp. One specimen (off S.E. coast of Australia, depth

not given) ; obtained at no other locality.

Spirastrella papillosa, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Tetractinellida (Sollas, Zool. pt 63).

Craniella simillima (Bowerbank). One specimen (35 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 186, 8 fathoms, and Philippines. Recorded from
South Seas.

A iithastro communis, n.g., n.sp. Eleven specimens (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained

also at Stations 162 and 163a.

,, pyriformis, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at
no other locality.

,, ridleyi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no
other locality.

Stryphnus niger, n.g., n.sp. One specimen overgrown by Gelliodes poculvm

(30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality. Only
species of the genus.

Cydonium eosaster, n.sp. Two specimens (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Synops nitida, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

Lhscodermia discifurca, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Tcthya ihjalli, Bowerbank. One specimen (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 162.

Calcarra (Polejaeff, Zool. pt. 24).

Lcucosolenia poterium (Haeckel) (?). Numerous specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Station 163a.

„ lamarckii (Haeckel). Two specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Atlantic.

Amjdiorijfrus jx>ciduni, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

L» tconui loricata, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

iA 'icella imperfecta, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

555

Leucetta hseckelicina, n.sp. Several specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no Port Jackson.

other locality.

Eilhardia schuhei, n.g., n.sp. One or two specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Station 163a. Only species of the genus.

Alcyonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Suberia genthi, n.sp. (Shallow water) ; obtained at no other locality.

Parisis australis, n.sp. Two fragments (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Mopsea dichotoma (Linne). Three specimens (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian Ocean.

Acanthoisis jlabellum, n.g., n.sp. (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Primnoella australasise, Gray. Several specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Station 163a.

Pennatulida (Kolliker, Zool. pt. 2).

Sarcophyllum grande, Gray. Three fragments (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Ca,vernularia obesa, Valenciennes. Two specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

Clavella australasise, Gray. Two specimens and fragments (30 to 35 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Bolanophyllia bairdiana, M.-Ed wards and Haime. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms);

obtained also at Station 162.

Hydroida (Allman, Zool. pts. 20 and 70).

PluwMlaria armata, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathom A ; obtained at no

other locality.

Halecium telescopicum, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Sertularia annulata, n.sp. (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Synthecium campylocarpum, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

,, alternans, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Antedon macronema (Muller). Several specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

556

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

’orr Jaok**n.

Actinometra triclwptcra (Valenciennes) (Muller). Several specimens (10 to

1 2 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality. Recorded
from Australia.

Astkroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Astropectefi polyacanthus, Midler and Troschcl. (2 to 15 fathoms); obtained

also at Admiralty Islands, Japan, and Hong Kong.
Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

„ pectinatus, n.sp. (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 161

and 162.

Pentagonaster astrologoi'um (Midler and Troschel). (Sydney Harbour) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Anthenea acuta, Perrier. (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from India.

Asterina exigua (Lamarck). (6 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 212, 10 fathoms,

and the Cape.

,, gunnii, Gray. (7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia, Tasmania, and the Cape.

Aster « is ( Stolasterius ) calamaria. Gray. (Depth not stated); obtained also at

Station 162.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha kinbergi, Ljungman. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 161,

162, and 188.

,, multispina, Ljungman. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger.

Oph iomusium Jlahellum, n.sp. (30 to 35 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

Ophiactis resiliens, n.sp. (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Amphiura constricta, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Ophiothrix cwspitosa, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Echlnoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Strongyloccntrotus eurythrogrammus (Val.). (6 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
New Caledonia.

Holopneustrs purpurescens (Liitken). (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

llipponoc varugata (Leske). (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained also at Fiji and

Philippines.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

557

Fibularia australis, Desmoulins. (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also a, t Station 164, Port Jackson

950 (?) fathoms.

Peronella peroni (Agassiz). (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 162.

Maretia planulata, Gray. (2 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained also at Fiji and Admiralty

Islands,

Eupcitagus valenciennesii, Agassiz. (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms.

Echinocardium ciustrale, Gray. (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained also at Japan,

7 to 50 fathoms.

Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 13).

Chirodota japonica, Marenzeller. Several specimens (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Japan.

Cucumaria mirabilis, n.sp. One specimen (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained also at

Philippines, 100 fathoms.

Colochirus spinosus (Quoy and Gaimard). Eighteen specimens (6 to 7 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from China and Australia.

,, australis, Ludwig. One specimen (6 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from. Australia.

Phyllophorus (?) incompertus, n.sp. Two specimens (6 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

Gephyrea (Selenka, Zool. pt. 36).

Phymosoma japonicum, Grube. Two specimens (shallow water) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Japan.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool, pt. 34).

Aphrodita australis, Baird. One specimen (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia and
Tasmania.

Thalenessa fmbriata, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Eunice aphroditois, Pallas. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at

Philippines. Recorded from Indian Seas.

Sabellciria ( Pallasia ) giardi, n.sp. One specimen (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Sabella fusca, Grube (?). One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Ceylon.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) • -

558

THE VOYAGE OF II.M.S. CHALLENGER.

..it.U k- s. Ostraooda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Phlyctei ophora Zealand ica , n.g., n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also in

Wellington Harbour, N.Z., and Humboldt Bay, New
Guinea, 37 fathoms. Only species of the genus.

Pontocypris (?) subreniformis, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also in Simon’s

Bay, Cape.

Argilhvcia badia, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Macrocypris setigera, n.sp. (2 to 10. fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Baird ia fusca, Brady. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, minima, n.sp. (6 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 246, 2050 fathoms.

,, amygdaloides, Brady. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 162,

185, 187, 305, New Guinea, and Sandwich Islands.

Cytliere vellicata, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, demissa, Brady. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

,, cumulus, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, crisixita, Brady. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at Station 187,

6 to 8 fathoms, and Hong Kong Harbour, 7 fathoms.
Recorded from European seas. Fossil — European

Post-Tertiaries.

,, canaliculata (Reuss). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 162.

,, kerguelenensis, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 145,

149, and 162.

„ goujoni , Brady. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 187,

6 to 8 fathoms, and Hong Kong Harbour, 7 fathoms.
Recorded from China Seas.

,, clavigera, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Mediterranean.

„ tricristata, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Admiralty Islands,

16 to 25 fathoms.

Loxoconcha avellana, Brady. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 172,

18 fathoms. Recorded from West Indies.

„ australis, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 187,

6 to 8 fathoms.

Xeslolebcris granulosa, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at Station 162.

,, curia, Brady. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 33, 149,

187, 300, and Sandwich Islands.

( ythr ruirt curvistriata, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

559

Cythetella pulchra, Brady. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 33, 167, Port Jackson.

and 344.

,, punctata, Brady (?). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 135,

167, 191a, and 305.

Cirripedia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

Balanus trigonus, Darwin. Two specimens (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained also at
Japan, 8 to 50 fathoms.

Tetraclita rosea (Krauss). Two specimens (Sydney Harbour, 6 fathoms) ; obtained
at no other locality by the Challenger.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Platyischnopus mirabilis , n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality. Only species of the genus.

Maera rubromaculata (Stimpson). One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms), and several

specimens (120 fathoms ?) ; obtained also at Station 142.

Elasmopus subcarinata (Haswell). One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Stations 161 and 168.

Ampelisca acinaces, n.sp. One specimen (35 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

Platophium inconspicuum, n.sp. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Phtisica {Proto) novse-hollandise, Haswell. Three specimens (2 to 10 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pts. 33 and 48).

Serolis elongata, n.sp One specimen (30 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ pallida, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 162.

CeratOcephalus grayanus, White, MS. Numerous specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Station 161.

Batliytanais bathybrotes, n.g., n.sp. Fourteen specimens (2 to 10 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Station 246, 2050 fathoms.

Three other specimens, genera and species undetermined.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Penseus canaliculatus , Olivier, var. auslraliensis, nov. Three specimens

(2 to 10 fathoms) ; the species obtained also at Fiji and
Japan.

560

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

i ki ’ . , Ft w s gracilis, Dana. (Depth not stated); obtained also at New Hebrides.

Recorded from Sulu Sea.

Fetsnnon affinis, M. -Ed wards. Sixteen specimens (depth not stated); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Cryytodromia Intend is (Gray). Two specimens (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 162 and 163a.

,, nodulifera, n.sp. Two specimens (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

LatreiUia austral iensis, n.sp. Two specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 163a.

Lgtridus tiidentatus, De Haan. Twelve specimens (30 to 3p fathoms); obtained

also at Station 174, 210 fathoms. Recorded from Japan
and Australia.

Diogenes custos (Fabricius). One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia to
India.

Pagui'us sp. (?). One young specimen (30 to 35 fathoms).

Eupagurus lacertosus, n.sp., var. nana, nov. Several specimens in shells of Ancilla,

Nassa, Turritella, Pleurotorna, and Natica (35 fathoms) ;
obtained also at Stations 161 and 162.

Anapagurus art str aliens is, n.sp. Two specimens, one in shell of Trochus

(2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Brachyujia (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Oi‘ inopus arauea, De Haan. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 196, 825 fathoms, and Arafura Sea. Recorded
from Japan through Malaysian Seas to New Hebrides.

/ ionnlorhynchus tumidus, Haswell. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

1/ ippa spinosa, Stimpson. Eight specimens (2 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia and New Zealand.

Act&a peronii (M. -Edwards). One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 162.

Filumnus vestitu Haswell. One specimen (shore); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

561

Pilumnus rufopunctatus, Stimpson. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at Port Jacksok.

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Neptunus ( Neptunus ) sanguinolentus (Herbst). One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Ternate and Sandwich Islands.

Thcilamita sima, M. -Edwards. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 186. 8 fathoms.

Platyonychus bipustulcitus, M. -Edwards. Three specimens (2 to 10 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Indo-Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand,
and South America.

Lissccarcinus polybioides, Adams and White. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Indo-Malaysia and Australia.

Ocypoda sp. (?). Young specimens (2 to 10 fathoms).

Pachygrapsus transversus, G-ibbes. One specimen (6 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Bermuda and Cape Yerdes.

Helice crassa, Dana. One specimen (6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Sesarma schiittei, Hess. One specimen (Hawkesbury, N.S.W., brackish water) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Myctiris platycheles, M. -Edwards. Several specimens (Botany Bay, beach) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia.

Halicarcinus ovatus, Stimpson. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 161.

Caiappa lophos (Herbst). One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

,, depressa, n.sp. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Matuta Isevidactyla, Miers. One specimen (3 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Ebalia tuberculosa (M. -Edwards). Three specimens (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Stations 142, 162, 163a, and 167.

,, ( Phlyxia ) crassipes (Bell). Several specimens (2 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Station 162.

,, ( „ ) undecimspinosa (Kinahan), var. orbicularis , Haswell. Numerous

specimens (2 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia
and Tasmania.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

r»«2

Ebalia ( Phlyxio ) quadridentata, Gray, var. spiniferci, nov. One specimen

(6 fatlioms) ; obtained at no other locality. The
species recorded from Australia.

,, ( ,, ) dentifrons, n.sp. Two specimens (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

Phihjra platychcira, Dc Haan (?). One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

L icosia oustrahensis. n.sp. Two specimens (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

I , A M KLLI BRAN' CHI AT A (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Corbula tunicata, Hinds. Several specimens (4 to 18 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 189 and Amboina, 15 to 25 fathoms.

Xe.rm brazien, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Mactra (Mactrintda) depressa. Reeve. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.
,, pusilla , Adams. (4 to 18 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, jacksoniensis , n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Myochama anomioides, Stutchbury. On Pectunculus holosericus and Trigonia

(2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 1G2.

Myodora pa ndoriformis (Stutchbury). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ brevis (Sowerby). (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from New Zealand,
Australia, and Tasmania.

., crassa (Stutchbury). Four odd valves (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

,, australica (Reeve). (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.
anyuMata (Angas). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger.

Throe, a modes (a (Angas). Single valve (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

So. r> caret and'-a, LinnA (2 to 10 fathoms); for distribution see Station 75.

>./// she n,n Gray. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS. 563

Ervilia bisculpta , Gould. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Sandwich Islands. Fort Jack. sox.

Recorded from Japan and Philippines.

Psammobia zonalis (Lamarck). (4 to 18 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Amboina, Java,

Philippines, and Tasmania.

„ raodesta, Deshayes. Single valve (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Tellina ( ?) tenuilirata, Sowerby. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also in Torres

Strait and Fiji. Recorded from Australia.

„ ( ?) semitorta, Sowerby. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Donax nitidus, Deshayes. (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 187,

6 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

Tapes ( Paratapes ) textrix (Chemnitz). (4 to 18 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian
Ocean.

., ( Amygdala ) fabagella, Deshayes. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from. Lake
Macquarie and Tasmania.

Venus ( Ckione ) calophylla, Philippi. (4 to 18 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 187

and 203, 3 to 28 fathoms. Recorded from

China.

,, ( ,, ) jacJcsoni, n.sp. (4 to 18 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ ( „ ) striatissima, Sowerby. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 162.

„ ( Leukoma ) australis , Sowerby. (5 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Cytherea ( Callista ) disrupta, Sowerby. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Circe scripta (Linne). (4 to 18 fathoms); obtained also in Torres Strait,

3 to 11 fathoms. Recorded from Reel Sea through
the Indian Ocean to Moluccas.

,, angasi, n.n. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Dosinia circinaria, Deshayes. (6 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Original locality unknown.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Port Jackbok.

.’>64

C odium (Bucardhon) tenuieostatum, Lamarck. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained

also at Station 208, 18 fathoms. Recorded from
Philippines, Australia, and Tasmania.

„ ( „ ) pulchdlum, Gray. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at

Stations 161 and 162.

Chama spinosa, Broderip. One specimen (depth not stated); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Lord
flood’s Island.

Lucina ramsagi, n.sp. (6 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, ( Loripes ?) jacksoniensis, n.sp. One specimen (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at'

no other locality.

Diplodonta sp. (?). Single valve (2 to 10 fathoms).

AV/tV/ rotunda (Deshayes), var. (?). One specimen (depth not stated) ; obtained

also at Station 162.

adorn si (Angas). Single valve (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Montocuta angasi, n.sp. Single valve (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

Co dita e.rcavata, Deshayes. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

„ sp. (?). Single valve (2 to 10 fathoms).

Carditella angasi, n.sp. (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Trigonia lamarckii, Gray. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Pectunculus holosericus, Reeve. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.
st I'iatidaris, n.sp. (?) (Lamarck ?), Reeve. (6 to 7 fathoms); obtained
also at Station 212, 10 fathoms. Recorded from
Australia.

l. mo}>sis brazieri, Angas. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Area ( Bo rbatia) fasdata, Reeve. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

„ (Scopharca) gubernaculum, Reeve. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines.

Mgtlhis hirgutus, Lamarck. (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia and New
Zealand to China and Japan.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

565

Modiola gldberrwia (Dunker). (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by Port Jackson-.

the Challenger. Recorded from Sydney.

Modiolaria lanigera (Dunker). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, cumingiana, Dunker. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia and
Red Sea.

varicosa, Gould. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger. Recorded from Sydney.

„ cunecitci, Gould. (6 to 15 fathoms) : obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from the Cape.

Lima multicostata, Sowerby. (2 to 18 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 56

and 172.

,, angulata, Sowerby. (2 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Panama, Bay of Carracas,

Philippines, and Port Lincoln.

,, ( Limatula ) huilata (Bom). (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at Station 162.

Pecten ( Janira ) fwmatus , Reeve. (2 to 18 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Patella alticostata, Angas. (6 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, tramoserica, Martyn. (6 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Emarginula ( Tug alia) parmophoidea, Quoy and Gaimard. (2 to 10 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia and New Zealand.

,, ( Hemitoma ) rugosa, Quoy and Gaimard. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Australia and Tasmania.

,, ( Scutus ) anatina (Donovan). (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Haliotis nsevosa , Martyn, (2 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Trochus ( Clanculus ) clangulus. Wood. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia
and Tasmania.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.)

72

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

'ORT JaCISoN.

5GG

Troc/tus ( Clanculas ) homalomphalus , Adams. (2 to 15 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

,, ( „ ) maugeri, Wood. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

( ,, ) Jlondus, Philippi. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia
and N'ew Ireland.

,, ( Euchelus ) haccatus (Menke). (6 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia,
Solomon Islands, and Singapore.

„ (Ziziphinus) decwatus, Philippi. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

( Elenchus ) badius , Wood. (G to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia and
Tasmania.

,, (Bankivia) fasciatus (Menke). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
- locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ ( Leiopyrga ) picturatus (Adams). (2 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

., ( Trochocochlea ) fuligineus, Adams. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Original locality
unknown.

,, ( Solariella ) pjrodictus , Fischer. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia
and Sandwicli Islands.

( ,, ) vitiligiiieus, Menke. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 186, 8 fathoms. Recorded from Australia to
Philippines and Japan.

„ ( „ ) albugo, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

,, , two other species undetermined (2 to 10 fathoms).

St irm< della inibricata, Lamarck. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ (Gena) nigra, Quoy and Gaimard. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Fernando Noronha.

S'hismope carinata, n.sp. (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained also at Station 185,

155 fathoms.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

567

Turbo ( Ninella ) staminea (Martyn). (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other Poet Jackson.

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Turbo ( Uvanilla ) tentoriiformis (Jonas). (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Nerita punctata, Quoy and Gaimard. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from New
Zealand, Australia, and Indian Ocean.

Solarium ( Architectonica ) reevei, Hanley. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, ( Torinia ) rosulentum, n.sp. One specimen (35 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Scalaria aculeata, Sowerby. (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from China to Australia.

,, jukesiana, Forbes. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Purpura (Cronia) amygdala, Iviener. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at Cape

York, 3 to 12 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

Nassa ( Niotha ) pauperata (Lamarck). (2 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 161 and 162.

,, ( Alectryon ) glans (Linne), var. suturalis (Lamarck). (2 to 10 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Philippines to Mauritius.

„ ( Hima ) paupera, Gould. (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia, New
Guinea, and Pacific Islands.

Fusus colosseus, Lamarek (?). (Locality uncertain, but either Arafura Sea or

Australia). Recorded from Indian Ocean and
Philippines.

,, hanleyi (Angas). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Cominella ( Adamsia ) t/ypica , Bunker. (2 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines and Australia.

Eburna ( Zemira ) australis, Sowerby. (6 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 162.

Oliva ( Olivella ) leucozona, Adams and Angas. (2 to 10t fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia and New Ireland.

;>6S

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Jackson.

Oliva ( Ohvella ) nympha , Adams and Angas. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Ancilla (Amalda) oblonga (Sowerby). (2 to 35 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Columbella (A fit relict ) albomaculata, Angas. (Depth not stated) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

,, ( „ ) australis, Gaskoin. (2 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

,, (Atil-ia) Jilosa, Angas. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, ( „ ) puella, Sowerby. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Philippines to Mauritius.

,, , three other species undetermined. (2 to 10 fathoms).

Mitra (Nebularia) rhodia, Reeve. (2 to 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Marginella ( Glabella ) turbinata, Sowerby. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at r.o

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

,, ( „ ) agapeta, n.sp. (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ ( Persicula ) ovulum, Sowerby. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 1G2.

„ sp. (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

Ciucellaria undulata, Sowerby. One specimen (6 to 7 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia, Tasmania, and Philippines.

Plvurotoma xanthophaes,n.a\). (30 to 35 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

„ (Drillia) metcal/ei, Angas. (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, ( ,, ) spadix , n.sp. (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ (Crassispira) owenii, Gray. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Africa,
Australia, and Tonga Islands.

„ sp. (?). (30 to 35 fathoms).

T'i'bra ( MyureUa ) bicolor (Angas). (6 to 7 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

.569

Conus ( Leptoconus ) julcesii, Reeve. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other Port Jackson

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Triton (Simpulum) costatus (Born). (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. A widely-distributed
species. Fossil — Upper Miocene of Calabria

onwards.

„ ( Cabestana ) spengleri (Chemnitz). (2 to 10 fathoms.) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia
and New Zealand.

j Ranella ( Argobuccinum ) leucostoma, Lamarck, (2 to 18 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Cassis (Semicassis) pila, Reeve. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 188

and 203, 12 to 28 fathoms. Recorded from China,

Japan, and Torres Strait.

„ sp. (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

Struthiolaria scutulata (Martyn). (2 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia and
New Zealand.

Natica euzona, Recluz. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

„ sagittata, Menke. (6 to 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia and Pacific
Islands.

,, effossa, n.sp. (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 161.

„ ( Neverita ) conica, Lamarck. (2 to 18 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ ( ,, ) didyma , Bolten. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from the whole
Indian Ocean, Australia, New Guinea, and Japan.

Crepidula aculeata (Gmelin). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 233,

8 to 50 fathoms. A widely-distributed species.

Calyptrsea calyptrseformis (Lamarck). (2 to 15 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 162.

Turritella sinuata , Reeve. (2 to 35 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by

the Challens;er. Recorded from Australia.

,, sp. (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

Oclostomia (Parthenia) casta (Adams). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 162.

570

l'< kt Jackson

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Odostomia ( Turbonilla ) scalpidens, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

,, sp. (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

Mathilda ( Cingulina ) spina (Crosse and Fischer). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Kdima dissi mills, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Cerithium ( Lampania ) australe, Quoy and Gaimard. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Australia, Tasmania, and China.

Bittium granarium (Kiener). (2 to 35 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Timor and
Australia.

,, cylindricum, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, furvum, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

Alaba (Diala) phcisianella, Angas. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

„ ( ,, ), n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms).

Ilissoa (Scrobs) scrobiculator, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
( ,, ) badia, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, , two other species undetermined. (2 to 10 fathoms).

Uissoinn cincta, Angas. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Act. mu (Baccinulus) affinis (Adams). (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from China
and Japan to Australia.

,, ( ,, ) niveus, Angas. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Aplustnnn scabrum (Chemnitz). (2 to 18 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Sandwich Islands
to Australia and Mauritius.

// </ . fdo dollar is, Gould. (2 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Japan.

Bulla ampulla, Linnc. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Philippines, Australia,
and Indian Ocean. Fossil — shores of the Red Sea.

„ australis , Quoy and Gaimard. (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Fiji,

12 fathoms. Recorded from Australia to Galapagos.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

571

Utriculns (Tornatina) avenarius, n.sp. Ten specimens (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained Port Jackson.

at no other locality.

„ sp. (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

Cylichna arachis (Quoy and Gaimard). (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia,

Tasmania, New Zealand, and New Guinea.

„ cuticuliferci (Smith). (2 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained also at Fiji, 12 fathoms.

Recorded from Australia and New Zealand.

Pkiline angasi (Crosse). (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, , two other species undetermined. (2 to 15 fathoms).

Assiminect sp. (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

Buccinum, two species undetermined. (2 to 15 fathoms).

Cithara (?) sp. (2 to 10 fathoms).

Cyclostrema, three species undetermined. (2 to 10 fathoms)

Jeffreysia sp. (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

Pleurobvanchus sp. (?). (6 to 15 fathoms).

Pyrgula (?) sp. (2 to 10 fathoms).

Scissurellci, n.sp. (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

Skenea (?) sp. (2 to 10 fathoms).

Triforis sp. (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

New genus (?). (2 to 10 fathoms).

Polyplacophora (Haddon, Zool. pt. 43).

Callochiton platessa (Gould). One specimen (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia
and New Zealand.

Ischnochiton longicymba (Blainvilie). Three specimens (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia and New Zealand.

,, fruticosus (Gould). Six specimens (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Lepidoradsia australis (Sowerby). Several specimens (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Callistochiton antiquus (Reeve). (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Chiton jugosus, Gould. Two specimens (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

:>72

i Acanthopk ura (?) incam (Gould). One specimen (6 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Japan. Recorded from Australia and New Zealand.

I.arica volvox (Reeve). (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia and Tasmania.

( '.■•gptopb ix striatus (Lamarck). Eight specimens (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from

Australia and Tasmania.

N cdibranchiata (Bergh, Zool. pt. 26).

Jitzzolia australis , n.sp. One specimen (2 to 20 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

C/tromodoris runcinata, Bergh. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippine Sea.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Octopus australis, n.sp. Two specimens (6 to 15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality.

,, pictus, Brock, var. jasciata, nov. One specimen (6 to 15 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality. The species recorded from
Australia.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pts. 30 and 50 ; Waters, pt. 79).

( atchio lla plagiostonia, Busk. (35 fathoms); obtained also at Station 163a.

., umbonata. Busk, var. (?). (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia and Tasmania.

,, jndchella, Maplestone. (35 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Flustr t membra niporides, n.sp. (35 fathoms); obtained also at Station 162,

Diachoris magellaniea, Busk. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained also at Station 315,

5 to 12 fathoms. Recorded from Australia, New Zealand,
Kerguelen, Magellan Strait, and Adriatic.

Salu^rraria clavata , n.sp. (35 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 145, 149, 151,

162, and 304. [Waters calls it Cellaria ' australis ,
MacGillivray].

lletrjtom jacksoniensis, n.sp. (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.
0 [ Waters calls it Retepora avicularis, MacGillivray].

Crtbrilina monoceros (Busk). (35 fathoms); for distribution see Station 145.

hpra'ta tuherosa , n.sp. (35 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

573

Schizoporella j ctcJcsoniensis, n.sp. (35 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.
Cellepora tuberculatcc, n.sp. (35 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

„ jacksoniensis, n.sp. (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ apiculata, n.sp. (35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ bidenticulata, n.sp. (35 fathoms); obtained also at Station 162 (var.
subsequcdis).

Idmonea australis, MaeGillivray. (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 145.
Hornera foliacea, MaeGillivray. (35 to 3'8 fathoms); obtained also at Station 161.
Selenaria maculata, Busk. (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia. Fossil — Australia.

Brachiopoda (Davidson, Zool. pt. 1).

Waldheimia jlavescens, Val. apud Lamarek, Numerous specimens (shore to

10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Australia and Tasmania.

Magasetta cumingi (Davidson). Four valves (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia
and New Zealand (?).

Kraussina lamarckiana, Davidson. Five specimens attached to Waldheimia
jlavescens (shore) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Australia and New Zealand.

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pts. 17 and 38).

Molgula forbesi, n.sp. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

Cynthia cerebriformis, n.sp. One specimen (30 to 35 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

,, irregularis, n.sp. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

,, complanata, n.sp. One specimen (6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Styela gyrosa (Heller). Numerous specimens (6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Mediterranean.
„ exigua, n.sp. One specimen (2 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Polycarpa viridis, n.sp. Ten specimens (2 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

„ tinctor (Quoy and Gaimard). Twelve specimens (2 to 15 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

(SUMMARY OP RESULTS CHALL. EXP, — 1893.) 73

Poet Jackson,

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Port Jackson.

r>74

Polycarpa longisiphonica, n.sp. Three specimens (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

,, radicata, n.sp. One specimen (6 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 163a.

Ascidia pyriformis, n.sp. Two specimens (6 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

Colella elongata, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (30 fatlioms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Poh/chnum fungosum, n.sp. One specimen (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Psammaplidium spongiforme, n.g., n.sp. One specimen and fragments (7 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Leptoclinum (?) jacksoni, n.sp. One specimen (6 to 15 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pts. G and 57).

Sebastcs percoides, Rich. (30 fathoms); obtained also at Station 163a.

0 ntropogon australis , White. (Depth not stated) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Gobius brevifilis, Day. (Depth not stated) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

albopunctatus, C.V. (Depth not stated) ; obtained also at Cape York.
Callionymus lunatus, Schleg. (6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Japan.

IPennius tasmanianus, Rich. (Depth not stated) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Tripterygium sp. (?). (Depth not stated).

Lophonectrs gallus, n.g., n.sp. (30 fathoms); obtained also at Station 162.
Cnnloglanis megastoma, Rich. (Depth not stated) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Mur&nichthys gymnotus, Bleeker (?). (Depth not stated); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Syngnathus super ciliar is, n.sp. (4 to 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

1 rocampus calorhynchus, Gunther. (Depth not stated) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Gonostoma microdon, n.sp. One specimen (depth not stated) ; for distribution

see Station 23.

In the foregoing lint 399 species are enumerated, of which 123 are new to science,
including representatives of 10 new genera ; 97 of the new species and 3 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

575

With reference to these shallow-water dredgings near Sydney, Willemoes-Suhm
writes : “ The Phyllopods of the neighbourhood of Sydney belong to the genera
Limnadia and Lininetis, and are especially interesting because IAmnadia, which was
first found in some parts of Europe, is constantly parthenogenetic. The male of Limnadia
is known only from the Australian species, as described by Claus ; and Kreeft says that
males and females are constantly found together here except in the wet season, as now,
when no animals, only shells, could be got. Among the Crustacea taken in the dredgings
on June 3, I found two species of Serolis, one of which had not been taken before, many
Spkperomata, a long Stenorliynclius, and a Ranina-Yike crab.1’

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports
from the surface and down to 50 fathoms in the neighbourhood of Sydney : —

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).

Calanus gracilis , Dana.

„ tonsus, n.sp.

„ valgus . n.sp.

Eucalanus attenuatus (Dana).

,, setiger,. n.sp.

Pleuromma abdominale (Lubbock).

Leuckartia Jlavicornis, Claus.

Undina vulgaris, Dana.

„ darwinii, Lubbock.

Scolecithrix danse (Lubbock).

Euchseta prestandrese, Philippi.

JEtidius armatus, n.g., n.sp.

Temora dubia (Lubbock).

Centropages furcatus (Dana).

Candace pachydactyla, Dana.

„ pectinata, Brady.

Pontella acuta (Dana).

,, acutifrons (Dana).

,, plumata (Dana).

Oithona challengerii, n.sp.

Corycseus varius, Dana.

„ venustus, Dana.

Oncsea obtusa (Dana).

Saphirina splendens , Dana.

,, insequalis, Dana.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).
Phrosina australis, n.sp.
Anchylomera sp. (?).

Primno latreillei, n.sp.

Phorcorrhaph is edwardsi, n.sp. (Off
Australia).

Tetraihyrus moncceuri, n.sp.
Parascelus parvus, Claus.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).
Euphausia latifrons, n.sp.
Nictyphanes australis, n.g., n.sp.
Thysanoessa gregaria, n.sp.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).
Sergestes armatus, Kr0yer.

Lucifer typus, Thompson.

Anebocaris quadroculus, n.g., n.sp.
Leptochela .robusta, Stimpson.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65).

Clio ( Styliola ) subula (Quoy and
Gaimard).

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Doliolum denticulatum, Quoy and
Gaimard (?).

Salpa democratica - mucronata,
Forsk&hl.

Port Jackson.

Organisms from
Surface- Yets.

THE VOYAGE OF ILM.S. CHALLENGED.

ORUAN'lstfri rRii«
Sr rkacb-Neth.

Stations 163c
to 164c.

i>< b

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books : — Diatoms, Radiolaria,
Diphyes, S< larvae of Annelids, Themisto, Phronimids, larvae of Squillids, Decapod
larvae (Nauplii and Zoeie), Appendicularia, larvae of Ascidians.

A fine tow-net put over the stern of the ship in the harbour on June 10 and 11
procured Foraminifera (Globigerina, Cristellaria, and Rotalia, the last two genera
having been evidently washed up from the bottom by tidal currents), Aeanthometrse,
So pitta, many Copepods, larv® of Cirripeds, Lucifer, young Lamellibranchs, larvae of
Ascidians in the tailed condition and in the egg (which Murray thought might be the
larva* of Appendicularia, seeing it was also present in the net, while Willemoes-Suhm
thought they were the larvae of Ascidia).

Stations 163c to 164c, off Sydney (see Chart 26 and Diagram 11).

June 12 and 13, 1874.

At 6 a.m. on June 12 got up steam, and at 7.30 a.m. weighed anchor and proceeded
ont of the harbour through the West Channel. At 11.10 a.m., 14^- miles from the
shore, sounded in 85 fathoms, deposit Hard Ground, shells, bottom temperature 62°*2
(Station 163c). At noon, 18f miles from shore, stopped and sounded in 120 fathoms,
dejiosit Green Sand (Station 163d). At 1 p.m., 23£ miles from shore, stopped and
sounded in 290 fathoms, deposit Green Sand (Station 163e). At 2.15 p.m., 3 0|- miles
from shore, stopped and sounded in 650 fathoms, deposit Green Mud, containing
47 '32 per cent, of carbonate of lime, bottom temperature 40° '8 (Station 163f).
At 4.30 p.m., 39^ miles from shore, stopped and sounded in 950 fathoms, deposit
Green Mud, containing 48 15 per cent, of carbonate of lime, bottom temperature 36°'5
(Station 164). At 5.30 p.m. made sail. During the night it blew hard from
E. and N.N.E.

At G a.m. on June 13 got up steam, and at 6.45 a.m. shortened and furled sail and
pr*wf<-de<l under steam. Sounded in 1200 fathoms, deposit Green Mud, containing
46 '59 per cent, of carbonate of lime (Station 164a). At 8.30 a.m. proceeded to the W.
At 9 a.m. observed land ahead. At 1 1 a.m. stopped and sounded in 410 fathoms,
deposit Green Mud, containing 50'31 per cent, of carbonate of lime (Station 164b).
\t 11.45 a.m. put over trawl, which came up at 2 p.m. with a few specimens. At 3 p.m.
-o .nd' l in400 fathoms, deposit Green Mud, bottom temperature 40°'0 (Station 164c).
Ol»t lined serial temperatures down to the bottom, and lowered dredge, which came up
at 5 p.m. with numerous specimens.

Distance at noon from (’ape Farewell, New Zealand, 1088 miles. Made good
16 miles. Amount of current 33 miles, direction S.

OkOAXIMIA FRO*
St

Stations 16.V
to 164<

m

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

577

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl and
dredge at Stations 164b and 164c, 410 and 400 fathoms : —

M’onaxonida (Ridley and Bendy, Zool. pt. 59).

Stations 164u
and 164c.
Animals from
Trawl and
Dredge.

Pachychalina megalorrhaphis, n.sp. One specimen (120 fathoms ?) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Tedania massa, n.sp. One specimen (120 fathoms?); obtained also at Stations 313

and 320, 55 and 600 fathoms.

Tetractinellida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

Tlienea grayi, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality. Inhabited by
a commensal Hydroid.

Pennatulida (Kolliker, Zool. pt. 2).

Pennatula moseleyi , n.sp. One specimen (950 fathoms ?) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Corals (Moseley, Zool, pt. 7).

Stephanotrochus platypus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Crustoidea (Carpenter, Zool pt. 60). ,

Eudiocrinus semperi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen^ 950 fathoms ?) ; obtained also at

Station 169, 700 fathoms' ;

Antedon spinicirra, n.sp. Five specimens (950 fathoms ?) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Asteroid ea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Pontaster subtuberculatus, n.g., n.sp. (950 fathoms ?) ; obtained at no other locality.
Plutonaster ambiguus, n.g., n.sp. (950 fathoms ?) ; obtained at no other locality.
Psilaster acuminatus, n.g., n.sp. (950 fathoms?); obtained also at Station 167,

150 fathqms, and Simon’s Bay, Cape.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha palliata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ irrorcx ta, n.sp., young (?). Obtained also at Station 143.

„ jejuna, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 135.

Ophiomastus tegulitius, n.g., n.sp. (950 fathoms?) ; obtained also at Stations 165,

166, and 218, 275 to 2600 fathoms.

Ophiactis hirta , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

578

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 164b
and 164c.

Ophiacantha stimulca . n.sp. (950 fathoms ?); obtained at no other locality.

„ sp. (?)•

Echlnotdea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

P.yrocidaris degans, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 214, 500 fathoms.

Phormosoma hoplacantha , Wyville Thomson, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 235
* and 300, 565 and 1375 fathoms.

Prionechinus sagittiger, n.g., n.sp. (950 fathoms ?) ; obtained also at Stations 207

and 218, 700 and 1070 fathoms. Only species of
the genus.

Fibularia australis, Desmoulins. (950 fathoms ?) ; obtained also at Port Jackson.
Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 13).

Lxtmogone violacea, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (950 fathoms?); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded subsequently
from Faroe Channel (“ Knight Errant ’’).

Pannychia moseleyi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (950 fathoms?); obtained also at

Station 169, 700 fathoms. Only species of the genus.

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Bairdia victrix, Brady. For distribution see Station 24.

Cythere dictyrn, n.sp. Widely distributed (see Station 24).

,, dasyderma, n.sp. Widely distributed (see Station 5).

Krithe producta, n.sp. Widely distributed (see Station 70).

Cirripedia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

Pfccilasma gracile, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Alepas pcd unculata, n.sp. Several specimens on spines of Phormosoma hoplacantha ;

obtained at no other locality.

Scaljtellum intermedium, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 169,

700 fathoms.

„ dongaJtum, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 135 and 169.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pt. 33).

S> rolls bromleyana, WillemoeH-Suhm, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 156, 168,

and 169.

Two other specimens, genus and species undetermined.

VERTICAL SCALE. OF FATHOMS

diagram n STixamary of Results

The Voyage of H.M S. Challenger

PACIFIC OCEAN

Longitudinal Temperature Section
Sydney, New South Wales , to Porirua , Cook strait , New Zealand

For explanation of Symbols see .Ippi-ndi.r 1 .

Eujrace<l by M v a >Anb

HORIZONTAL SCALE OF NAUTICAL MILES

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

579

Maorura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Plesionika semilsevis, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (1200 fatlioms ?) ; obtained also at
Stations 170, 173, and 200, 250 to 520 fathoms.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Uroptychus australis . n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained also at Stations 170,

171, and 194a, 360 to 600 fathoms.

„ gracilimanus, n.sp. One specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Lispognatfius thomsoni (Norman). One specimen ; obtained also at Station 142.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Nesera angasi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Leda inopinata, n.sp. (950 fathoms ?) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ ramsayi, n.sp. (950 fathoms l) ; obtained at no other locality,

Lima murrayi, n.sp. "i

„ australis , n.sp. j

Pecten challengeri , n.sp. ! [See Smith, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1891,

Nucula umbonata, n.sp.

„ dilecta, n.sp.

Tellimya subacuminata, n.sp.

pp. 442-444],

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Trochus ( Gibbula ) glyptus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Solarium at Jcinsoni, Smith, n.sp. ) [See Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.., 1891,
Scalaria distincta, Smith, n.sp. J pp. 441-442].

Trophon carduelis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Fusus pagodoides, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Mitra mirancla, Smith, n.sp.

Margindla carinata, Smith, n.sp.

„ brazieri, Smith, n.sp.

Cancellaria exigua, Smith, n.sp.

Pleurotoma ( Drillia ) challengeri, Smith, n.sp.

,, ( „ ) crossei, Smith, n.sp.

„ ( „ ) hoylei, Smith, n.sp.

„ ( ,, ) watsoni, Smith, n.sp.

Nassaria campyla, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

[See Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. ,1891,
pp 438-440].

Stations 164 b
and 164c.

STATIOX8 164b
a>d 164c,

ORGANISM* FROM

thy. Deposits.

580 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.3. CHALLENGER.

Odostomia (Turbonilla) Jischeri, Smith, n.sp.

„ ( „ ) conscmguinea, Smith, n.sp.

„ ( „ ) constricta, Smith, n.sp.

Bulla incammoda, Smith, n.sp.

Cylichna ord ' inaria, Smith, n.sp.

Tuntcata (Ilcrclman, Zool. pts. 17 and 38).

Styela radicosa, n.sp. (?). One specimen (120 fathoms?); obtained also at
Station 162.

Colella murrayi, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (120 fathoms ?) ; obtained at no other
locality.

Excluding Protozoa, about 100 specimens of invertebrates were obtained at these
Stations, belonging to 67 species, of which 62 are new to science, including represen-
tatives of 11 new genera ; 43 of the new species were not obtained elsewhere.

'NVillemoes-Suhm writes : “The Cirripedia attached to Porocidaris and Phormosoma
belong both to the Lepadidse, the one on the former being a true Lepas, while those on
the latter are cutaneous and probably belong to Alepas. A young specimen of Serolis
bromleyana was brought up — a remarkable fact, seeing that this species was taken in
nearly 2000 fathoms near the Ice Barrier ; Sph&roma , Galathea, and some Caridids
were also obtained.”

[See Proc. Zool. Soc.
Lond., 1891, pp. 441-
442].

The following species of Pteropoda and Foraminifera were observed in the deposits
(see also Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.) : —

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65). — From 950 fathoms (Station 164).

Clio ( Styliola ) subula (Quoy and Gaimard).

„ pyramulata, Linu/*.

Cavolinia trispinosa (Lesueur).

Foraminifera (Brady, Zool. pt. 22).-
spccies, which make up about 70 per
deposit, are marked thus x .

DUoadina Individ**, d’Orbigny.

„ romaia, Brady.

„ deprena, d’Orbigny.

„ ringen* (Lamarck).

„ tphwra, d’Orbigny.

„ tulndota, Cotta.

-From 410 fathoms (Station 164b) ; the pelagic
cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the

Spirolocvlina limbafa, d’Orbigny.

„ robusta, Brady.

„ tenuis (Czjzek).

Miliolina agglutinans (d’Orbigny).

„ buceulenta, Brady, var. placenti/ormis,
Brady.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

581

Miliolina crassatina, Brady.

oblonga (Montagu).

„ seminulum (Linne).

„ tricarinata (d’Orbigny).

„ triquetra, Brady.

„ sp. (?).

Ophthalmidium inconstan-s, Brady.

Planispirina celata (Costa).

Comuspira foliacea (Philippi).

„ involvens, Reuss.

» sp. (1).

Astrorhiza angulosa, Brady (?).

„ arenaria, Norman.

Pelosina cylindrical Brady.

„ rotund, ata, Brady.

Technitella legumen, Norman.

Bathy siphon fdiformis, Sars.

Psammosphsera fusca, Schulze.

Hyper ammino, dongata , Brady.

,, ramosa, Brady.

„ subnodosa, Brady.

„ vagans, Brady.

Marsipellg cyliudrica, Brady.

Rhabdammina abyssorurn, Sars.

„ linearis, Brady.

Aschemondla catenata (Norman).

Reophax bacillaris, Brady.

„ dentaliniformis, Brady.

„ difflugiformis, Brady.

„ pilulifera, Brady.

„ scorpiurus, Montfort.

Haplophragmium agglutinans (d’Orbigny).

„ calcar eum, Brady.

„ globigeriniforme (Parker and

Jones).

„ latidorsatum (Bornemann).

„ tenuimargo, Brady.

Placopsilina bulla, Brady.

„ vesicularis, Brady.

Haplostiche soldanii (Jones and Parker).

Ammxdiscus gordialis (Jones and Parker).

„ incertus (d’Orbigny).

„ tenuis , Brady.

Trocharnmina lituiformis, Brady.

„ proteus, Karrer.

, squamata, Jones and Parker.

Webbina clavata, Jones and Parker.

Textularia agglutinans, d’Orbigny.

„ „ var . porreda, Brady.

,, aspera, Brady.

(summary of results ohall. exp. — 1893.)

Textularia conica, d’Orbigny.

„ gramen, d’Orbigny.

„ quadrilatera, Schwager.

Verneuilina pygmsea (Egger).

Gaudryina baccata, Schwager.

„ pupoides, d’Orbigny.

„ subrotundata, Schwager.

Valvulina fusca (Williamson).

Clavulina communis, d’Orbigny.

Bulimina aculeata, d’Orbigny.

„ buchiana, d’Orbigny.

„ contraria (Reuss).

,, elegantissim,a, d’Orbigny.

,, inflata, Seguenza.

,, ovata, d’Orbigny.

„ pupoides, d’Orbigny.

„ pyrula, d’Orbigny.

„ subteres, Brady.

Virgulina subsquamosa, Egger.

Bolivina s&nariensis (Costa).

„ beyrichi, Reuss.

„ robusta , Brady.

Gassidulina bradyi, Norman.

„ crassa, d’Orbigny. .

„ Isevigata, d’Orbigny.

„ subglobosa, Brady.

Ehrenbergina hystrix, Brady.

„ scrrata, Reuss.

Chilostomella ovoidea, Reuss.

Lagena acuta (Reuss).

„ acuticosta, Reuss.

„ elongata (Ehrenberg).

„ globosa (Montagu).

„ gracillirna (Seguenza).

„ hexagona (Williamson).

„ lagenoides (Williamson).

„ marginata (Walker and Boys).

„ (yrbignyana (Seguenza).

,, quadricostulata, Reuss.

„ squamosa (Montagu).

„ stnatopunctata, Parker and Jones.

„ sulcata (Walker and Jacob).

Nodosaria communis, d’Orbigny.

„ consobrina, d’Orbigny, var. emaciata,
Reuss.

„ hispida, d’Orbigny.

„ mflexa, Reuss (?).

„ ( Glandulina ) Isevigata, d Orbigny.

„ obliqua (Linne).

„ pyrula, d’Orbigny.

74

Stations 164b
and 164c.

582

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 164 b
AND 164c.

Nodosaria raphanu s (Linn6).

„ (Glarulnlina ) rotundata, Reuss.

„ tcalaris (Batsch).

„ „ var. Heparans, Brady.

„ soluta, Rouss.

„ sp. (1).

Rhal»log<vuum triearinatwn (d’OrbigDy).

Marginal ina costata (Batsch).

Vaginulina spinigera, Brady.

Cristellaria articulata, Reuss.

„ compressa, d’Orbiguy.

„ convergent, Bornemann.

„ cult rata (Montfort).

„ echinata (d’Orbigny).

„ gibba, d’Orbigny.

„ italica (Defrance).

„ orbicularis (d’Orbigny).

„ pajnllosa (Fichtel and Moll).

„ reni/ormu, d’Orbiguy (1).

„ rotulata (Lamarck).

„ variabilis, Reuss.

„ sp. (J).

Vcigerina aculeata, d’Orbigny.

„ aspertda, Czjzek.

„ „ var. ampullacea, Brady.

„ pygmsea, d’Orbigny.

Sagrina cotumellaris, Brady.

Ramulina globuli/era, Brady (1).
x Globigerina trguilalerali* , Brady,
x „ bulb ides, d’Orbigny.

x „ conglobata, Brady,

x „ dulna , Egger.

x Globigerina helicina, d’Orbigny.
x „ inflata, d’Orbigny.

x „ rubra, d’Orbigny.

x „ sacculi/era, Brady,

x Orbulina nniversa, d’Orbigny.
x Hastigerina pelagica (d’Orbigny).
x Pullenia obliquiloculata, Parker and Jones.
„ quinqueloba, Reuss.

„ sphxroides (d’Orbigny).

Sphseroidina bulloides, d’Orbigny.
x „ dehiscens, Parker and Jones.

Truncatulina liaidingerii (d’Orbigny).

lobatula (Walker and Jacob).
reticulata (Czjzek).
tenuimargo, Brady.
ungeriana (d’Orbigny).
tcuellerstorfi (Schwager).

Anomalina ammonoides (Reuss).

„ coronata, Parker and Jones.

„ grosserngosa (Gumbcl) (?).

„ polytnorpha, Costa.

Pulvinulina auricula (Ficlitel and Moll),
c „ cananensis (d’Orbigny).

: „ crassa (d’Orbigny).

„ clegans (d’Orbigny).

„ hauerii (d’Orbigny).

: „ menardii (d’Orbigny).

,, micheliniana (d’Orbigny).

„ partschiana (d’Orbigny).

Rotalia orbicularis, d’Orbigny.

Nonionina urnbilicatula (Montagu).

C Vc />tf lulus cruciatus was observed among the Radiolaria in the deposit from
1200 fathoms (Station 164a).

Organisms from

SrarACB-Nmi.

Surface Organisms. — The following two species of Radiolaria are recorded from the
surface : —

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

iJirtyocejtlvabis australis, Haeckel. | Castanid/ium brorrdeyi, Haeckel.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books: — Foraminifera (a few
jxjcinn ns of Orbuhna and of Globigerina), Sagitta, and many small Crustacea.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

583

Station 164i> (Sounding 278), Sydney to New Zealand (see Charts 26 and 27, Station 164),.
and Diagram 11).

June 14, 1874 ; lat. 34° 3' S., long. 152° 20' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 57°'8 ; mean for the day, 57°‘9.

Temperature of water at surface, 67°-5.

Depth, 2100 fathoms.

At 8 a.m. got up steam. At 9.15 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and proceeded
under steam to sound. Sounded in 2100 fathoms. At 11.20 a.m. sounding line carried
away. Heavy sea and strong wind from the S.W. At 2 p.m. life-buoy washed away
from starboard quarter in a heavy roll. Gale continued throughout the afternoon.

Lightning at night and phosphorescent sea.

Distance at noon from Cape Farewell, 1062 miles. Made good 36 miles. Amount
of current 24 miles, direction S.

Station I64e (Sounding 279), Sydney to New Zealand (see Chart 27 and Station 16 e.
Diagram 11).

June 16, 1874 ; lat. 34° 27' S., long. 154° 57' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 590,8 ; mean for the day, 58°‘8.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

64-0

600 fathoms,

38-9

20 fathoms,

63-2

700

))

. , . 37-8

40 „ . .

63-0

800

)5

37-2

60 „ . .

59-5

900

}> •

36-9

80 „ . .

56-0

1000

>9

36-6

100 „

52-6

1100

36-3

200 „

48-2

1200

>9

36-0

300 „

45-1

1300

5?

35-7

400 „

42-8

1400

JJ

35-4

500 „

40-4

1500

>»

351

Density at 60° F.: —

Surface, .

. 1-02644

200 fathoms,

. 1 02590

50 fathoms, .

100 „ . .

. 1-02636
. 1-02627

300

)>

. 1-02576

Depth, 2550 fathoms.

584

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Statjon 164 k.

Orgasisjis prom
Si KfACK-NBTh.

Static* 165.

At 9.30 a.m. got up steam. At 11 a.m. shortened and furled sails. At 11.30 a.m.
proceeded under steam to sound. At 1 p.m. sounded in 2550 fathoms, but the line
carried away. At 2 p.m. obtained serial temperatures down to 1500 fathoms. At
4.30 p.m. made all plain sail. At 7.30 p.m. got up steam, and at 8 p.m. shortened
and furled sails, and proceeded under steam. The following birds were observed about
the ship : — Diomedea exulans, Diomedea melanophrys, another albatross very like the
last but with a darker bill, Cape pigeons, a few prions, and a black bird resembling
Pi'oeeUaria seqvinoctialis observed in the south.

Distance at noon from Cape Farewell, 936 miles. Made good 43 miles. Amount of
current 27 miles, direction S. 20° E.

Surface Organisms. — The following species is recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Taonius suhmi (Lankester), n.sp.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books : — Many Foraminifera
( Globigerina and Pulvinulina, Pulvinulina micheliniana especially abundant, along
with Globigerina bull&ides, var. triloba ; the sarcode of Pulvinulina, after dissolving
away the shell, showed no traces of symbiotic Algae, but contained many oil-globules) ;
Acanthometrae and other Radiolarians ; Diphyes, Abyla, and other Siphonophorae
S igilta, Annelid in transparent tube (young Sabella) ; Cypridina and many other
Crustacea ; Gasteropod and Pteropod shells ; Salpa.

Station 165 (Sounding 280), Sydney to New Zealand (see Chart 27 and
Diagram 11).

June 17, 1874 ; lat. 34° 50' S., long. 155° 28' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 59°‘5 ; mean for the day, 590,1.

Temperature of water at surface, G40,5 ; bottom, 34°‘5.

Density at 60° F. at surface, T02638 ; 50 fathoms, 102626 ; bottom, 1*02613.

D«pth, 2G00 fathoms; deposit, Red Clay, containing 6*54 per cent, of carbonate
of lime (sec Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

Under steam all night. At 7.55 a.m. stopped and put dredge over, and veered
:!500 fathoms. At 11 a.m. sounded in 2600 fathoms. At 2 p.m. commenced heaving
in dredge, which came up at 4.30 p.m. nearly empty. It had been to the bottom, but
the fine ooze was completely sifted out; a few' specimens were found adhering to the
net. The carbonic acid was determined in water from 50 fathoms, and amounted to

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

585

53 '3 milligrammes per litre. At 4.45 p.m. made all plain sail. Three species of
albatrosses, prions, giant petrels, and Cape pigeons were seen about the ship. At
night the sea was phosphorescent.

Cape Farewell distant at noon, 900 miles. Made good 34 miles. Amount of current
23 miles, directon N. 65° W.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the dredge at this
Station : —

Ophiueoidea (Ionian, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha ornatci, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 216, 2000 fathoms.

„ sp. (?).

Ophiomastus tegulitius, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 164, 166, and 218,

275 to 2600 fathoms.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Pontopjhilus profundus , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

In addition, the Station-book records : — Silicisponge, Pennatulid, worm-tubes, and
Polyzoa.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ The dredge brought up a small Crangonid of a tribe
which has not often been taken in the deep-sea ; I remember only one instance of having
found them — on the coast of Brazil. The candelabriform Polvzoon taken to-day seems
to be closely allied to the form so frequently obtained in the tropical parts of the
Atlantic. The worm-tubes were empty.”

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Rhaphidozouvn australe, Haeckel.
Siphon osphsera fragilis, Haeckel.
Actinelius protogenes, Haeckel.
Castanarium huxleyi, Haeckel.
Castanidium bromleyi, Haeckel.

Stphonophora; (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 77).
Desmalia imbricata, n.g , n.sp. (?).

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).
Undina darwinii, Lubbock.
Candace pachydactyla, Dana.
Corycseus varius, Dana.

Oncsea obtusa, Dana.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Ancliylomera sp. (1).

Primno latreillei, n.sp.

Station 165.

Animals from
Dredge.

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

:>86

Station 165. ScHIZOPODA (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).

Si riel l a thompsoni (M. -Edwards).

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).
Taonius suhmi (Lankester), n.sp.

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).
Doliolum ehrenbergi, Krohin.
Salpa democratica - mucronata,
Forsk&hl.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books : — Globigerina, Pulvinulina
micheliniana, Physalia, Velella, Diphyes , Sagitta, Saphirina and other Copepods,
JJyperia, larvae of Squilla, Euphausia; and Calcarella spinosa for the first time.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ Calcarella spinosa having been taken on the surface,
it could be ascertained that it is indeed a Heteropod allied to the Atlantidse. Some
doubts seem to exist about it, for Adams places it among the Heteropods, though very
little known, while Keferstein mentions neither Calcarella nor Macgillivraya in Bronn’s
Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs. These Molluscs seem to be peculiar to the
South Sea ; Murray says he has met with them several times.”

m a) 165a. Station 165a (Sounding 281), Sydney to New Zealand (see Chart 27 and

Diagram 11).

June 19, 1874 ; lat. 36° 41' S., long. 158° 29' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 580,3 ; mean for the day, 570,3.

Temperature of water : —

Surface,

62-5

400 fathoms, .

43-8

10 fathoms, .

62-8

500 „

41-6

20 .

62-5

600 „

39-8

30 .

62-5

700 „

38-6

40 „ .

620

800 „

37-5

50 „ .

60-5

900 „

36-9

60 „ .

59-2

1000 „

36-5

70 „ . ,

580

1100 „

36-2

80 „ .

57-0

1 200 „

36-0

90 „ .

56-4

1300 „

35-7

100 „ .

55-8

1400 „ • .

35-4

200 „ .

50-8

1500 „

351

300 „ .

47 0

Bottom,

34-4

Density at 60° F. : —

Surface, .

. 102637

150 fathoms, .

. 1 02606

A fathoms,

. 1 02636

CO

o

©

. 1 02571

100 „ . .

. 1-02606

•too „

. 1-02627

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

587

Depth, 2600 fathoms; deposit, Red Clay, containing 19 ’13 per cent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

Weather very fine. At 1.30 p.m. stopped and sounded in 2600 fathoms. Took
serial temperatures down to 1500 fathoms, and specimens of water down to 400 fathoms.
The carbonic acid was determined in water from 5 fathoms, and amounted to
51 T milligrammes per litre. Cutter away with naturalists for surface collecting.
At 5 p.m. completed observations, and proceeded under steam.

Cape Farewell distant at noon, 735 miles. Made good 148 miles. Amount of
current 14 miles, direction S. 60° E.

Foraminifera (Brady, Zool. pt. 22). — The following species of Foraminifera were
observed in the deposit from this Station ; the pelagic species, which make up about
52 per cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the deposit, are marked thus x : —

Biloeulina depressa, d’Orbigny.

„ irregularis, d’Orbigny.

Haplophragmium agglutinans (d’Orbigny).

„ latidorsatum (Bornemann).

Amraodiscus incertus (d’Orbigny).
Trochammina galeaia, Brady.

„ trullissata, Brady.

Textularia agglutinans, d’Orbigny.
Gaudryina pupal des, d’Orbigny.

,, siphonella, Reuss.

Clamilina eommunis, d’Orbigny.

Bulimina elegans, d’Orbigny (?)

Virgulina schreibevsiana, Czjzek.

Bolivina textilarioides, Reuss.

Cassidulina subglobosa, Brady.

Lagena acuticosta, Reuss.

„ auricidata, Brady.

„ hispida, Reuss.

Lagena, Ixvis (Montagu).

„ marginata (Walker and Boys).

,, ,, var. semimarginata, Reuss.

,, squamosa (Montagu).

„ sp. (?).

Polymorphina angusta, Egger.

Uviqerina tenuistriata, Reuss.

„ sp. (?).

x Globigerina bulloides, d’Orbigny.
x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.

Pullenia quinqueloba, Reuss.

„ sphxroides (d’Orbigny).

Truncatulina lobatula (Walker and Jacob),
x Pulvinulina crassa (d’Orbigny) (?).

,, exigua, Brady.

Rotalia soldanii , d’Orbigny.

Nonionina umbilicatida (Montagu).

Surface Organisms. — The sea was very smooth, and Murray from a boat collected
many specimens of Foraminifera, Collozoum inerme and other Radiolaria, Infusoria,
Medusae, Siphonophorae, Ctenophorse. very long specimens of Alciopci with intensely
black spots, Sagitta, Copepods, Hyperict, Euphausia, and Salpia. There were great
numbers of minute, quite transparent, jelly-masses, which on examination were found to
enclose a number of Coccospheres and occasionally Rhabdospheres, with other small
foreign bodies — supposed by Murray to be the Myxobrachicc of Haeckel; numberless
Coccospheres and a few Rhabdospheres were also found in the stomachs of the Scilpas. A
very long, ribbon-like, animal of a golden green colour — supposed to be a Cestum — was
observed.

Station 165 a.

Organisms from
the Deposit.

Organisms from
the Surface.

588

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 165b.

Or<)ANI»M» pbom
tub Dw»j8rr.

Station 165b (Sounding 282), Sydney to New Zealand (see Chart 27 and
Diagram 11).

June 21, 1874 ; lat. 37° 53' S., long. 163° 18' E.
Temperature of air at noon, 59’ ’0 ; mean for the day, 58" '5.
Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

59-5

500 fathoms, .

42°5

20 fathoms, .

59-8

600

40-4

40 „

590

700

38-7

60 „

58-0

800

37-5

80 „

57-2

900 „

36-8

100 „

559

1000

364

200 „

51-2

1250 „

35-7

300 „

47-8

1500

34-8

400 „

44-9

Bottom,

347

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 ’02616 ; bottom, 1 02625.

Depth, 1975 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 76’59 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 6 a.m. got up steam, and at 6.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and
proceeded under steam to sound. Sounded in 1975 fathoms. At 8 a.m. obtained serial
temperatures down to 1500 fathoms, and specimens of water. At 9.45 a.m. completed
observations, and made sail. A strong northerly breeze since morning ; towards
midnight the wind rose to a gale. Besides Diomedea exulans and Diomedea
mdanophrys, another albatross was observed to-day; it had a black bill, head, and
neck, rump and belly white, otherwise like Diomedea mdanophrys. There were
great numbers of Procellaria sequinoctialis, as well as a few prions and Cape pigeons.

C.ipe Farewell distant at noon, 464 miles. Made good 150 miles. Amount of current
18 miles, direction S. 23° W.

Foraminifi.ua (Brady, Zool. pt. 22). — The following species of Foraminifera were
observed in the deposit from this Station; the pelagic species, which make up about
65 per cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the deposit, are marked thus x : —

Mlorulina rispressa, d’Orbigny.

Mili/Aina obhnuja (Montagu).

„ teminuium I Linn*- ).

„ ptmutfa (Karrcr).

HajAophrwjnuum laiidorsatum (Borncmann).

Truchammina panciloculata, Brady.

„ tndlmata, Brady.
Gaudryina pupoidcs, d’Orbigny.
Clamdinn communis, d’Ovbigny.
Vvrgvlina subdejtressa, Brady (?).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

589

Virgulim subsquamosa, Egger,

Bolivina textilarioides, Reuss.

Cassidulina subglobosa, Brady.

Elireribergina serrata , Reuss.

Lagena auriculata, Brady.

„ striata (d’Orbigny).

„ truncata, Brady.

„ SP' (*)•

Nodosaria communis, d’Orbigny.
Polymorphina angusta, Egger.

Uvigerina aculeata, d’Orbigny (?).

„ asperula, Czjzek.

„ „ var. auberiana, d’Orbigny.

x Globigerina aequilateralis, Brady,
x „ bulloides, d’Orbigny.

x „ „ var. triloba , Reuss (?).

x „ dubia, Egger.

x Globigerina inflata , d’Orbigny.
x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.
x Pidlenia obliquiloculata, Parker and Jones.
„ quinqueloba, Reuss.

„ sphseroides (d’Orbigny).
x Sphxroidina dehiscens, Parker and Jones.

Truncatulina dkneriana (d’Orbigny).

,, pygmxa , Hantken.

„ tenera , Brady.

„ wuellerstorfi (Schwager).

x Pul vinulina canariensis (d’Orbigny).
x „ crassa (d’Orbigny).

„ ezigua, Brady,
x „ micheliniana (d’Orbigny).

Rotalia soldanii, d’Orbigny.

Nonionina pompilioides (Fichtel and Moll),
„ umbilicatula (Montagu).

Station- 1 G5n.

It is worthy of notice that Coccospheres, Coccoliths, and Rhabdoliths were very
abundant in this deposit from 1975 fathoms, while they were nearly, if not quite, absent
in the deposit from 2600 fathoms at the previous Station, although they were most
abundant on the surface at both positions (see page 587).

Station 165c (Sounding 283), Sydney to New Zealand (see Chart 27 and Station 165c.

Diagram 11).

June 22, 1874 ; lat, 38° 36' S., long. 166° 39' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 59

°‘5 ; mean for the day, 58°*3.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, ....

58-2

400 fathoms,

45-3

20 fathoms,

58 T

500 „

42-0

40 „ ...

57-8

600 „

39-8

60 „ ...

57-4

700 „ . .

38-2

80 „ ...

56-6

800 „

37-4

100 „ ...

55-9

900 „

36-9

200 „ ...

52-2

1000 „

36-5

300 „ ...

48-5

Bottom, '

36-4

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1

02614

bottom, 1 '02594.

Depth, 1100 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 84’89 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 1.15 p.m. shortened and furled sails, and got up steam to sound. At 2 p.m.
sounded in 1100 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures down to the bottom, and
(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) 75

590

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 165c.

Sta rtoN 166.

VSIIMUI I KoM

Tiuvl

samples of water. At 3.30 p.m. completed observations and made all plain sail with a
good breeze from the north.

Cape Farewell distant at noon, 334 miles. Made good 133 miles. Amount of
current 28 miles, direction S. 39° W.

Station 166 (Sounding 284), Sydney to New Zealand (see Chart 27 and
Diagram 11).

June 23, 1874 ; lat. 38° 50' S., long. 169° 20' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 58°‘8 ; mean for the day, 58°‘6.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

58-5

150 fathoms, .

54-7

50 fathoms,

58-5

200 „ . .

52-7

100 „ . . .

56-5

250 „ . .

50-8

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 ‘02625 ; bottom, 1 ‘02668.

Depth, 275 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 88‘45 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 6 a.m. got up steam, and at 6.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and proceeded
under steam to sound and trawl. Sounded in 275 fathoms ; put trawl over; At 10 a.m.
hove up trawl containing many specimens, and put it over again. The carbonic acid
was determined in bottom water, and amounted to 53‘8 milligrammes per litre.
At 1 p.m. hove up trawl containing many specimens. The shrimps ( Pandalus
magnoculus) came up in great numbers in both hauls, and subsequently made their
appearance on the dinner- table. At 1.30 p.m. made all plain sail. At 5.30 p.m. shortened
sail, brought ship to wind, and sounded in 350 fathoms (Station 166a). At 10 p.m.
brought ship to wind, and sounded in 400 fathoms, deposit Globigerina Ooze,
containing 82‘20 per cent, of carbonate of lime (Station 166b). At 10.35 p.m.
proceeded under steam.

Distance at noon from Cape Farewell, 199 miles. Made good 141 miles. Amount
of current 8 miles, direction S. 56° E.

The following speeies are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at
Station 1 06 ; —

SiphonopuoEjE (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 77).

Stcphunalia balhyphysa, u.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OP RESULTS.

591

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51). Station 166.

Cribrella com/pacta, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Ophitjroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha sp. (?) (yonng).

Ophiomastus tegulitius, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 164, 165, and 218.

Amphiura sp. (?) (young).

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Temnopleurus reyncmdi, Agassiz. Obtained also at Stations 192 and 219, 129 and

150 fathoms.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Eunoa iphionoides, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Macrtjra (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Nephrops thomsoni, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 204a,

100 fathoms.

Pandalus magnoculus , n.sp. Numerous specimens; obtained also at Station 167,

150 fathoms.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Eupagurus lacertosus, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Stations 161, 162,

and Port Jackson (var. nana).

Munida gracilis , n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Fusus ( Neptunea ) mandarinus, Duclos. Obtained also at Station 167a, 10 fathoms.

Recorded from New Zealand.

„ ( , , ) valedictus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Voluta ( Cymbiola ) lutea, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pts. 6 and 57).

Trachichthys intermedins, Hector. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Cyttus abbreviatus, Hector. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Scorpaena percoides, Solander. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 163a

and 173.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 166.

Macrums australis (Richards). Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Port Arthur and New Zealand.
„ dcnticulatus, Richards. One specimen; obtained also at Station 170,
520 fathoms. Recorded from New Zealand.

Excluding Protozoa, over 100 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained at
this Station, belonging to 19 species, of which 10 are new to science, including

representatives of 2 new genera ; 6 of the new species were not obtained elsewhere.

*

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ Two specimens, 140 and 110 mm. in length, of an Astacid
were brought up. They evidently belonged to the genus Nephrops, having all the characters
of the Astaeids, especially the scale on the outer antennse and the ridge across the pereion,
but in addition a long rostrum and very much prolonged anterior chelae. In this species,
which was of a pure milk-white colour, the joints of the large chelae had a reddish-brown
colour, like the borders of the abdominal rings ; in spirit the white colour gradually
changed into a dirty reddish colour. The two hauls of the trawl brought up the same
things : lobsters, shrimps, shells, and fishes.

Ccelothamnus sedecimalis was observed among the Radiolaria in the deposit from
this Station.

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface in this

OK<.AN.*MS CHOM

Scar ace- Net*.

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Staurotholus tetrastylus, Haeckel,
Lonchostaurus bijidus , Haeckel.
Castanidium brorrdeyi , Haeckel.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).
Euphausia pellucida, Dana.

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Salpa costata - tilesii, Quoy and

Gaimard — Cuvier.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).
Parapronoe clausoides, n.sp.

cordiformis - zonaria, Quoy
and Gaimard — Pallas.

In addition the following species are recorded from the surface between Sydney and
Wellington, the exact locality not noted : —

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool pt. 67).
Anchylomera sp.(?)

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 78)

Platystethus huttonii, Gunther.
Jlemerocaetes acanthorhynchus

Mack IRA (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).
Sergcstes pai'videns , n.sp.

Centriscus scolopax, Linnf*.

(Forst).

llalaphya elongata, n.g., n.sp.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

593

Station 166c (Sounding 287), Sydney to New Zealand (see Chart 27
and Diagram 11).

June 24, 1874 ; lat. 39° 21' E, long. 171° 28' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 57°‘8 ; mean for the day, 56°'2.

Temperature of water at surface, 58°'0.

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 '026 17.

Depth, 400 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 82 *20 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Kenard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 4.10 a.m. brought ship to wind and sounded in 400 fathoms. At 5 a.m. proceeded.

Station 167.

At 7.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails, got up steam, and sounded in 150 fathoms,
deposit Blue Mud, containing 26-71 per cent, of carbonate of lime. The trawl was
sent down twice, and the dredge once, and brought up many specimens. At 11.30 a.m.
completed observations, and made all plain sail. At 3 p.m. brought ship to wind, and
sounded in 145 fathoms. At 5 p.m. got up steam, and at 5.30 p.m. shortened and furled
sails and proceeded under steam. At 11.40 p.m. sounded in 75 fathoms.

Distance at noon from Stephen’s Island, 122 miles. Made good 122 miles. Amount
of current 9 miles, direction S. 65 E.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl and
dredge at this Station : —

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Psilaster acuminatus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Station 164 and Simon’s

Bay, Cape.

Ophicroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Opliiomyxa australis, Lxitken. For distribution see Station 109.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Hyalincecia tubicola, Muller, var. longibranchiata, nov. Obtained also at

Station VIII.

Apomatus elisabethai, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Pomatocerus strigiceps, Morch (?). One specimen : obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Station 166c,

Station 167.

Animals from
Trawl and
Dredge

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

594

s 167. Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt 3).

Baird ia ovata , Bosquet (?). Obtained also at Simon’s Bay, Cape.

Cythere rastromarginata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 162 and Sandwich Islands.
„ arata, n.sp. A few valves ; obtained at no other locality.

,, dasyderma, n.sp. Widely distributed (see Station 5).

„ scutigera, Brady. Obtained also at Station 300, Amboina, and New

Guinea, 15 to 1375 fathoms. Recorded from Java.

Krithe producta, n.sp. Widely distributed (see Station 70).

Cytherella pulchra, Brady. Obtained also at Stations 33, 344, and Port Jackson.

„ punctata, Brady. Obtained also at Stations 135, 191a, 305, and
Port Jackson.

Cirripkdia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

ScaJpellum pedunculatum , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Ampelisca chiltoni, n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Maori ra (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Jbaccus alticrenatus, n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Pandalus rnagnoculus, n.sp. Fourteen specimens ; obtained also at Station 166.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Pagvristes subpilosus, n.sp. Two specimens in shells of Ancilla ; obtained at no

other locality.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Kbalia Itcvis (Bell). Two specimens; obtained also at Station 167a, 10 fathoms.

,, tuberculosa (M. -Edwards). Numerous specimens ; obtained also ai

Stations 142, 162, 163a, and Port Jackson.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Analla ( Anaulax ) jsyramidalis (Reeve). Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from New Zealand.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pts. 30 and 50).

Caberea rostrata , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Schizojjorella marsupifera, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 144a.

Cellepora pustulata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 144a.

Suprrci/tii digitata, d'< >rbigny. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia. Fossil — Cretaceous, Mendon, &c, ,
and Australia.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

595

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pts. 6 and 57).

Pseudorhombus hectori, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, hoops , Hector. One specimen (recorded in error from 400 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : —
Pennatulids, small Coral, Sphseroma, Myochama, Mur, ex zealandicus, and several
specimens of a P>rama-like fish ( Trachichthys ).

Excluding Protozoa, nearly 100 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 33 species, of which 16 are new to science, including
representative of 1 new genus ; 8 of the new species were not obtained elsewhere.

Willem oes-Suhm writes : “ In one of the Caridids brought up by the trawl I found
a Nematod curled up in the body-cavity. It was a very interesting larva of

a worm, evidently belonging to the Gorcliacea. This is the second time I have found
such a case of parasitism, and we have, besides, once found in deep water free-living,
perfectly opaque, worms, which looked very much like a species of Gordius, and which
were probably the adults of the shrimp parasites. No case of marine Gordii, nor of their
parasitism in shrimps, was hitherto known, so that these facts are of some biological
importance. Besides Pagurus and a fine Scalpellum, there were specimens of an
Ibaccus, a genus of which very large species are found on the coast of Australia.”

After taking many shallow soundings in Cook Strait, the Challenger anchored in Port
Hardy at 5 p.m. on June 25, 1874, remaining there till 4 a.m. on June 27, proceeding
thence to Queen Charlotte Sound, where she anchored at 1.30 p.m. Three dredgings
were taken from the cutter (Station 167a, 10 fathoms). At 8 a.m. on June 28 the ship
left Queen Charlotte Sound, sailing through Cook Strait, against a strong wind and heavy
sea, to Port Nicholson, anchoring there at 5 p.m. The expedition left Port Nicholson at
4 p.m. on July 6, but the weather becoming thick, it was found necessary to anchor for
the night in Worser Bay, the ship finally leaving New Zealand at 6.40 a.m. on July 7.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Beports from the shore and
shallow waters of New Zealand, the locality and depth being indicated : —

Pennatulida (Kolliker, Zool. pt. 2).

Virgularia gracillima, n.sp. Fragment (Station 167A, 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Asteroidea (Slaclen, Zool. pt. 51).

Asterina regulciris, Yerrill. (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Station 167.

At New
Zealand.

Animals fk> m
New Zealand.

r»9G

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Nrw Zealand. Ophitroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Pectinura maculata, Verrill. (Station 1G7a, 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

1 {cloth urioidea (Th^el, Zool. pt. 39).

Catalina coriacea, Hutton. Fragments (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained at
no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from New Zealand.

Th yonidium eurjosum, n.sp. One specimen and fragments (Station 167a, 10 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality.

Stichopus sordidly, n.sp. Eight specimens (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

Entozoa (Linstow, Zool. pt. 71).

Tania increscens, n.sp. One specimen from H&matopus unicolor (Hardy Bay).

Nemertea (Hubrecht, Zool. pt. 54).

Ce rebrat ulus par ken, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 167 a, 10 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality.

,, angusticeps, n.sp. One specimen (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained
also at Station 168, 1100 fathoms.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Leanira l avis, n.sp. Fragmentary specimen (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Nephthys verrilli, n.sp. Several specimens (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

Eouc trifida, n.sp. Fragmentary specimen (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

Glyeera larnelli/ormis, n.sp. Two fragmentary specimens (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Brada whiteavesii, n.sp. Fragmentary specimen (Station 167a, 10 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Gulf of St. Lawrence.

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3). — From Wellington Harbour.

Paracypris polila, Sars (?). Obtained also at Station 279, 420 fathoms, and in

Vigo Bay, Spain.

Phlyetenophora zealandica, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Port Jackson and New

Guinea. Only species of the genus.

diagram 12 Summary oi’ Results .

The Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger.

PACIFIC OCEAN

Meridional Temperature Section . Kandavu I. to O.PaHiser, New Zealand .

For eaplanation of Symbol# see AppmSFc. 1 .

m

TO

6b°

j

1 TO
TO

SV

HA

r°

50°

— - . — -)

jpinrjuaitnmtT'

2Sf

.imnnnitn^nc

so a*

LuUUUi-I'.SGISJ' ~ . tt —

32° 34*

HORIZONTAL SCALE OF DEGREES OF LATITUDE

Eu^ratcd W XdV

0 . Palliser

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

597

Aglaia clavata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Macrocypris tumida, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 149.

Cy there murrayana, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, scahi'Ocuneata,n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 162 and 233b.

Cytheropteron wellingtoniense, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Sclerochilus contortus (Norman). Obtained also at Stations 149 and 151.

Cytherella polka, Brady. Obtained also at Station 321, 13 fathoms. Recorded

from West Indies.

ISOPODA.

One specimen, genus and species un determined (Station 167a, 10 fathoms).

M a crura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Brachycarpus audouini, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Paguristes pilosus (M. -Ed wards). One specimen (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from New Zealand.

Parapagurus latimanus, n.sp. One specimen (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Ommatocarcinus macgillivrayi, White. Three specimens (Station 167 a,

10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Hemiplax hirtipes, Heller. Five specimens (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.

Ehalia Iwvis (Bell). Two specimens (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 167.

Halicarcinus planatas (Fabricius). One specimen (Cape Campbell, presented by

Wellington Museum).

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Psammobia lineolata, Gray. (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from New
Zealand and Chatham Islands.

Tellina (Tellinella) charlottse, n.sp. (Station I67a, 10 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.)

New Zealand.

76

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

f>93

n « ZauxD. TeUina (Tcllinella) huttoni, n.sp. One specimen (Station 167a, 10 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality.

Tapes (Amygdala) intermedia (Quoy and Gaimard). (D’Urville Island, beach) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Auckland Islands.

Venus ( ChameUea ) mesodesma, Quoy and Gaimard. (D’Urville Island, beach) ;

obtained also at Station 135.

Cytherea ( Callista ) multistriata, Sowefby. (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from New Zealand.

Dosinia lambata (Gould). (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained at no other-

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from New
Zealand.

Nucula nitidida, Adams. (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Mytilus edulis, Linne. (D’Urville Island); obtained also at Stations 315 and 322,

12 and 21 fathoms. Recorded from New Zealand
and Kerguelen.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Trochus ( Diloma ) porcifer (Adams). One specimen (D’Urville Island, beach) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from New Zealand.

Turbo smaragdus (Martyn). (D’Urville Island, beach); obtained also at Fiji.

Recorded from New Zealand.

Mu rex (Phyllonotus) zelandicus, Quoy and Gaimard. (Station 167 a, 10 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Stations 171 and 172, 600 and
1 8 fathoms. Recorded from New Zealand.

Purpura ( Polytropa ) scobina , Quoy and Gaimard, var. albomarginata, Deshayes.

(D’Urville Island, beach) ; obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger. Recorded from New Zealand.

Fusus ( Neptunea ) in/tndarinus, Duclos. (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained

also at Station 166.

,,( .,) nodosus (Martyn). (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
New Zealand.

Ancilla (Anaulax) mucronaia (Sowerby). (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
New Zealand, Tasmania, and Australia.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

599

Ancilla (Anaulax) nana, n.sp. (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained at no other New Zealand.

locality. '

Voluta ( Alcithoe ) gracilis, Swainson. One specimen (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from the Pacific and New Zealand,

Turritella rosea , Quoy and Gaimard. (Station 167a, 10 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
New Zealand.

,, carlottse, n.sp. (Station 167a, 10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 162.

Litorina cincta, Quoy and Gaimard. (D’Urville Island, beach) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
New Zealand.

Siphonaria comcer, Reeve. (D’Urville Island, beach) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from New Zealand.

Polyplacophora (Haddon, Zool. pt. 43).

Chiton pellis-serpentis, Quoy and Gaimard. One specimen (D’Urville Island, beach);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from New Zealand.

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 17).

Boltenia pachydermatina, n.sp. Two specimens (Canterbury, presented at

Wellington).

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 6).

Sebastes percoides, Richards. (Port Hardy).

Scorpsena cruenta, Solander. (New Zealand).

Chilodactylus macropterus, Forster. (Port Hardy).

Percis colias, Forster. (Wellington Harbour and Port Hardy).
Hemeroccetes acanthorhynchus, Forster. (Wellington Harbour).
Notacanthus sexspinis, Richards. (Cook Strait).

Labrichthys celidota, Forster. (Wellington Harbour).

,, bothryocosmus, Richards. (Port Hardy).
Halargyreus jolmsoni, Gunther. (New Zealand).

Pseudophycis bacchus, Forster. (Port Hardy).

Coryphsenoides denticulatus, Richards. (Cook Strait).
PhoticJithys argenteus, Hutton. (Cook Strait).

Monaco, nthus convexirostris, Gunther. (Queen Charlotte Sound).
Bdellostoma cirrhatum , Forster. (Queen Charlotte Sound).

600

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

In addition, the Station-book records from Station 167a, 10 fathoms: — Balanus,
Gammarid, Isopod parasitic on Ophiurids, Sphseromidse, Alcyonium, Cancer , Gelasimus,
Polyzoa ( Caberea ), compound Ascidian, and egg-capsules.

In the foregoing list about 79 species are recorded, of which 24 are new to science,
including representatives of 2 new genera ; 19 of the new species were not obtained
elsewhere.

With reference to the dredgings in Queen Charlotte Sound (Station 167a, 10 fathoms),
Willemoes-Suhm writes : •“ The facies of the fauna was more tropical than that of the
Port Jackson fauna, which is easily explained, seeing that the Polynesian fauna probably
extends to the shores of New Zealand ; we are now in the periphery of another
geographical centre. Voluta vesper tilio, Murex, and Typhis, as well as the fine Olivas,
may be quoted in favour of this. The egg-capsules brought up belong probably to a large
Buccinum, in which genus it is known that the young ones leave the egg-capsules after
having lost their velum. This must be the case here, as one finds in each capsule three
to six young shells having the prodigious length of 4 mm. The Crustacea were
remarkable only for the presence of Gelasimus, the members of which generally live on
the beach, or even in holes on the land, and come only to the sea to deposit their eggs.”

Station 168 (Sounding 290), New
Diagram 12).

July 8, 1874 ; lat. 40° 28' S., long. 1
Temperature of air at noon, 56° '8 ; m
Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

•

57-2

25 fathoms, .

•

56-5

50 „

56-5

75 „

•

56-5

100 „

.

55-7

125 „

•

54-8

150 „

•

539

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1*02622
Depth, 1100 fathoms; deposit, Blue 1
of lime (see Murray and Rcnard,

Zealand to Tongatabu (see Chart 27 and
7° 43' E.

for the day, 56 °*7.

200 fathoms,

o

51-7

300 „ ...

48-2

400 „ . . ,

45-4

500 „ ...

43-7

600 „ ...

42*1

Bottom,

37-2

bottom, 1 02584.

ud, containing 1 0*7 1 per cent, of carbonate
Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 8.40 a.m. observed land to the N.W. At 9.30 a.m. got up steam. At 10 a.m.
shortened and furled sails, and sounded in 1100 fathoms. At 11 a.m. put over trawl.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

601

At 1 p.m. dingey went away with naturalists. Obtained a series of temperatures down Station 168.

to 600 fathoms. At 3.45 p.m. trawl came up with the bag full of mud and many

animals. There being no wind, proceeded under steam for the rest of the day. About

7.30 p.m. the ship passed through several large shoals of Pyrosoma, and the horizon

seemed lighted up by these floating patches. One specimen taken in the tow-net

measured 9'6 inches in length, and 2 inches at the broader end, gradually tapering off

towards the other extremity.

Distance at noon from East Cape, New Zealand, 162 miles. Made good 126 miles.

Amount of current 19 miles, direction S. 39° E.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Animals from
Trawl.

Actiniaei a (Her twig, Zool. pt. 73).

Edivardsia sp. (?). One specimen.

Deep-Sea Medusa: (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 12).

Periphylla mirabilis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiozonci stellatct, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 169, 700 fathoms.

Ophiocten hastatum, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 78 and 146,

Ophiothamnus sp. (?) (young).

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Pourtalesicc laguncida, rnsp. Obtained also at Stations 169, 191, 232, and 244,

345 to 2900 fathoms.

Brissopsis luzonica (Gray). Obtained also at Stations 188, 191, 203, 232, and

Tahiti Harbour, 12 to 800 fathoms.

Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 13).

Enypniastes eximia , n.g., n.sp. Four damaged specimens; obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

Nemertea (Hubrecht, Zool. pt. 54).

Cerebratulus angusticeps, n.sp. One injured specimen ; obtained also at

Station 167a.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Hyalincecia benthaliano, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 158.

602

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Eumenia reticulata , n.sp. Several specimens; obtained at no other locality.
Mahlanella neo-zeal anise, n.g., n.sp. One imperfect specimen; obtained at no

ether locality.

Melinna armandi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

L rna neo-zealanisB , n.sp. One imperfect specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, langerhansi , n.sp. One imperfect specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Osthacoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Crossophorus imperator, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Andania abyssorurn, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Leucothoe trylens, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Elasmopus subcai'inata (Haswell). One specimen; obtained also at Station 161

and Port Jackson.

( rommaropsis thomsoni, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Podocerus lioeki, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Camacho bathyplous , n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pts. 33 and 48).

Serolis brondeyana, Willem oes- Sulim, n.sp. Many specimens ; obtained also at

Stations 156, 164, and 169.

„ sp (?). Two specimens, species undetermined.

Acanthoraunna proteus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 169,

700 fathoms. Only species of the genus.

Munnopsis gracilis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Eurycope novw-zelandise, n.sp. Numerous specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

MaCRURa (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Jimthesicymus brasiliensis, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at

Stations 173, 181, 184, 285, and 323, 315 to
2440 fathoms.

Pontophilus gracilis, n.sp. Six specimens ; obtained also at Stations 133, 184,

and 198.

Acanthephyra sica, n.sp. Four specimens; for distribution see Station 40.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

603

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69). Station 168.

Pagurodes inarmatus, n.g., n.sp. Five specimens in shells of Pleurotoma and

Nassa ; obtained also at Station 146.

Elasmonotus marginatus, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Pycxogonida (Hoe'k, Zool. pt. 10).

Nymphon longicoxa, n.sp. Twelve specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, compactum, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Nassa dissimilis , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Pleurotoma ( Thesbia ) membranacea, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ ( „ ) xanthias , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Macrurus murrayi, n.sp. Five specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Batkysaurus ferox, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Chlorophthalmus gracilis , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 300 and

335, 1375 and 1425 fathoms.

] n addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station -book : —

Sponge, Palythoa (on shells inhabited by Pagurus ), flexible and recurved spine of an
Urchin, and Sipunculids (?).

Excluding Protozoa, about 150 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 44 species, of which 35 are new to science, including
representatives of 8 new genera , 23 of the new species and 3 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “Among the Annelids were a true Clymene and a species
having apparently a bunch of tentacles around the mouth, or protruding from it, which
may be oral branch ice, as described by Kupffer in Ammotrypane. There were specimens
of what appeared to be Sipunculids, and a large species of Nemerteans, which is of
interest as coming from such deep water. An Ostracode, with the prodigious length
of 10 millimetres was, as far as I could see without opening the shell, a typical
Cypridina [ = Crossophorus imperator]. Numerous larger and smaller specimens of
Serolis bromleyana were obtained, but none of them so large as those taken in the
south. Great numbers of a Munnopsis came up on the net as well as in the bag ;
some of the females had eggs and young in their pouches. Besides this true
Munnopsis, there was a species in which not only the pleon, but also the last three

004

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 16b.

Organism." from
tub 1>kposit.

segments of the pereion, Lad lost all trace of segmentation, the posterior portion
of the body being very slender and much narrower than the segmented anterior
portion. There were two specimens of a Galathea, which seems to me to be
identical with a form first taken between Marion and Crozet Islands at a similar
depth. There were several specimens of a Crangon, which is apparently not scarce
in great depths, having been met with on two previous occasions, and two species of
Peneid shrimps, which have been taken often since leaving St. Thomas. One of the
Xymphonids had a Campanularian on its legs. An Amphipod, resembling in appearance
Kroyer’s genus Unciola, but distinguished by the absence of legs on the sixth, and of all
appendages on the seventh, segments of the pereion, was taken ; it had breeding lamellse
on the second to the fifth pairs of legs, and branchiae on the third to the sixth pairs.”

Foraminifera (Brady, Zool. pt. 22). — The following species of Foraminifera were
observed in the deposit from this Station (see also Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea
Deposits Chall. Exp.) ; the pelagic species, which make up about 47 per cent, of the
carbonate of lime present in the deposit, are marked thus x : —

Bilocttlina remain, Brady.

„ depressa, d’Orbigny.

„ „ . var. murrhynaT Sell wager.

„ „ „ serrate^, Brady.

„ irregularis, d’Orbigny.

„ ringens (Lamarck).

M Molina rirrularis (Bornemann).

„ valvularis (Eeuss).

„ vruusta (Kancr).

Planiapirina celata (Costa).

ComuejAra foliacea (Philippi).

Axtrorhiza sp. (?).

I'elosina rotundata, Brady.

„ variabilu, Brady,

Bath ysiphon filiformis, Sure.

JaeulelJa acuta, Brady.

If yperanunina ramosa, Brady.

Iihahdammina romula , Brady.

„ linearis , Brady.

„ (t).

Atrhevumella sp. (7).

Ilrop/tax ad unca, Brady.

„ dentalini/ormut, Brady.

,, difflugi/ormis, Brady.

„ diet on*, Brady.

„ gull if era, Brady.

„ nodidrtta, Brady,

„ srorpiuruM, Montfort.

llaph'ph ragm iu m folioreum, Brady.

Haplophragmimi globigeriniforme (Parker and
Jones).

„ latidorsatum (Bornemann).

„ 8citulum , Brady.

„ tenuimargo , Brady.

„ sp. (7).

Placopsilincb bulla, Brady.

Thurammina papillata, Brady.

Hormosiim globulifera, Brady.

„ norrnawi, Brady.

Ammodiscus charoides (Jones and Parker).

„ tenuis, Brady.

Trochammina trullissata, Brady.

Webbina rlavata , Jones and Parker.

Cydammina cancellata, Brady.

„ orbicularis, Brady.

Textularia concava (Karrer).

„ quadrilatera, Schwager.

VerneuUina propinqua, Brady.

„ pygrruea (Egger).

Bulimim ac.uleata, d’Orbigny.
n ajfinis, d’Orbigny.

„ buchiana, d’Orbigny.

„ inflala, Seguenza.

„ ovata, d’Orbigny.

Cassidulina sp. (?).

Lagi-na globosa (Montagu).

„ gracilis, Williamson.

„ hexagonu (Williamson).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

605

Lagena marginata (Walker and Boys).

„ quadricostulata, Reuss.

.. sp. 0).

Nodosaria ccrmmunis, d’Orbigny.

,, laevigata, d’Orbigny.

„ radicula (Linne).

„ simplex, Silvestn.

sp. (?).

Cristellaria compressa, d’Orbigny.

„ reniformis, d’Orbigny.

„ rotulata (Lamarck) (1).

Uvigerina ongulosa, Williamson.

„ asperula, Czjzek.

x Globigerina xquilateralis, Brady,
x ,, bulloides, d’Orbigny.

x „ inflata, d’Orbigny.

The mud contained a large number
Holothurians or other Echinoderms.

! x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.
x Pullenia obliquiloculata, Parker and Jones.

„ sphseroides (d’Orbigny).

Sphseroidina bulloides, d’Orbigny.

Trunccitidina lobatula (Walker and Jacob) (?■).

„ tenera, Brady.

„ wuellerstorfi (Schwager).

x Pulvinulina canariensis, d’Orbigny.
x „ crassa (d’Orbigny),

„ elegans (d’Orbigny).

' x „ micheliniana d’Orbigny.

„ pauper at a, Parker and Jones.

Rotalia orbicularis, d’Orbigny
„ soldanii , d’Orbigny.

Nonionina umbilicatula (Montagu).

rounded pellets, supposed to be the dung of

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this

Station : —

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt 44). Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Calliteuthis reversa, Verrill (?). Scdpa costcita - tilesii, Quoy and

Gaimard — Cuvi er.

„ n.sp. (?).

Mr. Murray went away in a boat, and shot one specimen of Diomedea exulans and two
specimens of Diomedea melanophrys. There were very few things on the surface, but
with a fine net Diatoms, Peridinium, small Globigerinse with very long spines, and
small Radiolarians, were taken. In the evening the ship passed through a great bank
of Pyrosoma, which caused a most wonderful exhibition of phosphorescent light on the
surface.

Station 169 (Sounding 291), New Zealand to Tongatabu (see Chart 27 and
Diagram 12).

July 10, 1874 ; lat. 37° 34' S., long. 179° 22' E.
Temperature of air at noon, 5 7° '8 ; mean for the day, 58 '0.
Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

58-2

100 fathoms,

55-2

200

500

300

46-7

(summary of results

CHALL. EXP. — 1893).

400 fathoms,

44-8

500

43-0

600

41-5

Bottom,

40-0

Station 168.

Organisms from
Surface- Yets.

Station 169.

606

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 169.

Animals from
Trawl.

Density at 60° F.: —

Surface, .... 1-02636 200 fathoms, . . . 1 02573

50 fathoms, . . . 1-02608 Bottom, . . . 1-02594

100 . . . 1-02602

Depth, 700 fathoms; deposit, Blue Mud, containing 4'36 per cent, of carbonate of
lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

*

At 6.15 a.m. stopped and sounded in 700 fathoms. At 7.30 a.m. put trawl over.
At 9 a.m. obtained serial temperatures at intervals of 100 fathoms down to the bottom,
and specimens of water. The carbonic acid was determined in water from 50 fathoms,
and amounted to 511 milligrammes per litre. At 11.30 a.m. hove up trawl, containing
a quantity of mud and many specimens. At 11.45 a.m. stopped engines and made
sail. Diomedea exulans , Diomedea melanophrys , Cape pigeons, prions, stormy petrels,
and another petrel, noticed about the ship.

Distance at uoon from Esperance Rock, 384 miles. Made good 86 miles. Amount
of current 9 miles, direction N. 50° E.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Monaxonida.

Cladorhiza pentacrini, Dendy, n.sp. [See Ann. and May. Nat. Ilist., ser. 5,

vol. XX. pp. 279-282, 1887].

Pennatulida (Kolliker, Zool. pt. 2).

Kophobelemnon sp. (?). One fragmentary specimen (resembling Kophobelemnon

stelliferum, var. durum, Kolliker).

Protocaulon molle, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Leptoptilum yracile , n.g., n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Hydroida (Allman, Zool. pt. 70).

Cryptolaria gracilis , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Perisiphonia pectinata, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Eudiocrinus semperi , n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 164.
Antedon altemata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 170a, 218, and
236, 630 to 1070 fathoms.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

607

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14). Station 169.

Ophiozona stellatci, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 168.

Ophioglypha rugosa , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiomusium lymani , Wyville Thomson. For distribution see Station 45.

Ophiactis sp. (?), (young).

Amphiura lanceolata, n.sp, Obtained at no other locality.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Asthenosoma grcicile, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 184, 200, and 219, 150 to

400 fathoms.

Phormosoma rigidum, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Pourtalesia laguncula. n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 168, 191, 232, and 244.

Holothurioidea (Tlieel, Zool. pts. 13 and 39).

Pannychia moseleyi, n.g., n.sp. One injured specimen; obtained also at

Station 164. Only species of the genus.

Ankyroderma marenzelleri, n.sp. One injured specimen ; obtained at no other

locality.

Trochostoma violaceum, Studer. One specimen; obtained also at Station 149.

,, albicans , n.sp., var. glabra, nov. One specimen; obtained at no other

locality. The species was obtained at Station 45.

Holothuria lactea, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 78.

Nemertea (Hubrecht, Zool. pt. 54).

Eupolia giardii, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ australis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Cerebratulus macroren, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 232,

345 fathoms.

Gephyrea (Selenka, Zool. pt. 36).

Sternaspis princeps, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Ldetmonice producta, Grube, var. willemoesi, nov. Obtained also at Stations 70,

133, 146, and 184.

Polynoe ( Macellicephala ) mirabilis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality.

Lumbriconereis neo-zealanise, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

cos

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

S: ati 'n 169. Nothria tenuisetis, n.sp. One. specimen ; obtained also at Station 23 or Station 24

,, minuta, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Seal i hr eg m a in /latum, Ratlike, var. (?). One specimen; obtained also at

Station 141.

Chsetozone paclfica, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Lo.nassa sarsi, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Terebellidcs (?) sp. One specimen.

4

Cirripedia (Hock, Zool. pt. 25).

Si "/pellum intermedium, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 164b.

,, elongatum, n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at Stations 135and 164b.
„ novx-zelandiie, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pts. 33 and 48).

Scrolls bromleyana, Willemoes-Suhm, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 156, 164c,

and 168.

Acanthomunna proteus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 168.

Only species of the genus.

A returns myops, n.sp. Two specimens; obtained at no other locality.

Paranthura chiltoni, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Aeanthephyra sica, n.sp. Three specimens; for distribution see Station 40.

Nematoeardnus serratus , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, hiatus, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other

locality.

*

Axomuba (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Eupacjurus rubneotus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Pycxooonida (Hoek, Zool. pt. 10).

Oorhynchus aucklandix, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Lamellibraxchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Li mop sis lata, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Scaphopoda and Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Dentalium diarrhox, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

GOO

Cadulus colubridens, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Nassa ( Tritia ) ephamilla, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Pleurotoraa ischna, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ ( Surcula ) gypsata, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

„ ( Genota ) engonici, n.sp. (?). One specimen; obtained also at

Station 232, 345 fathoms.

,, (Bela) ida, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, ( Spirotropis ) bulbacea, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Natica amphiala, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ (Amauropsis) opora , n.sp. (?). One specimen ; obtained also at Station 191,

800 fathoms.

Odostomia hyphala, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Utriculus (Tornatina) packys, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Macrurus parallelus, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 170a, 171,

232, and 235, 345 to 630 fathoms. Eecorded subsequently
from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator ”).

,, serrulatus, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Trachyrliynchus longirostris, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Bathygadus cottoides, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 170,

170a, and 171, 520 to 630 fathoms. Recorded subsequently
from Indian Ocean (“Investigator”) (?).

Gonostoma microdon , n.sp. Five specimens ; for distribution see Station 23.

In addition to the foregoing, the fob owing are recorded in the Station-book : —
Stephanoscyphus, Polyps, Starfish, Sipuncidus (?), Area pectunculoides, and small

Polyzoon.

Excluding Protozoa,, about 120 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 70 species, of which 58 are new to science,
including representatives of 9 new genera ; 38 of the new species and 3 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ The trawl brought up a peculiar beautiful Actinian which,
according to Moseley who has made a drawing of it, belongs to the floating Minyadse.
The small Campanularian, found at the last Station on the leg of a Nymphon, was to-day
taken parasitic on Limopsis. A fine head and half of the body of a J lyriotrochus
was found in the trawl ; only two species of this genus are known, from Greenland,
Labrador, and Polar seas. Among the Annelids wrere tyvo fine specimens of a normal

Station 169.

610

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 169.

Organisms from
the Deposits.

Sternaspis , a genus now generally considered as an Annelid, but formerly, on account of
its twisted intestine, placed among the Sipunculids, and found in Europe, the
Mediterranean, and the far north. Most of the Crustaceans were identical with those
taken on the previous day. There were a few specimens of a remarkable Polyzoon.”

Foraminifera (Brady, Zool. pt. 22). — The following species of Foraminifera were
observed in the deposit from this Station (see also Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea
Deposits Chall. Exp.) ; the pelagic species, which make up about 23 per cent, of the
carbonate of lime present in the deposit, are marked thus x : —

Biloculina nrujens (Lamarck).

„ spharra, d’Orbigny.

Miliolina circular is (Bornemann).

„ iricarinata (d’Orbigny).

Planispirina sigmoidea, Brady.

Comuspira foliacea (Philippi).

Asirorhiza sp. (1).

Pelosina cylindrical Brady.

„ rotundata, Brady.

„ varialnli s, Brady.

Technitdla melo , Norman.

Bathysiphon jUiformis, Sars.

„ sp. (?).

Pmmmo&phara fusca, Schulze.

Sorospheera sp. (?).

Hyper arnmina friabilis, Brady.

„ ramosa, Brady.

» 8P- 0)-

Rhabdammina discreia, Brady.

„ linearis , Brady.
llcophax dental ini formis, Brady.

„ difflugi formis, Brady.

„ distans, Brady.

Haplophraymium emaciatum, Brady.

„ foliaceum, Brady.

„ glolrigcriniforme(YaTk(ir &nd Jones).

„ glomeratum, Brady.

„ latitlorsatum (Bornemann).

„ nanum, Brady.

Ilvrmorina globtdifera, Brady.

„ monile, Brady.

Ammoditeu t incertus (d’Orbigny).

„ tenuis, Brady.

Trochammina squamata, Jones and Parker.

„ trullissata, Brady.

Webbina clavata, Jones and Parker.

,, hemisphxrica, Jones, Parker, and Brady.

Textularia aspera, Brady.

„ quadrilatero, Schwager.

„ sagittula, Defrance.

Gaudryina pupoides, d’Orbigny.

Bulimina buchiana, d’Orbigny.

„ pyrula, d’Orbigny.

Chilostomella ovoidea, Reuss.

Lagena marginata (Walker and Boys),

Nodosaria obliqua (Linn6).

,, soluta, Reuss.

Vaginulina spinigera, Brady.

Cristellaria cultrata (Montfort).

„ rotulata (Lamarck).

„ sp. (?).

Uvigerina angulosa, Williamson.

„ asperula, Czjzek.

Ramulina sp. (?).

x Globigerina xquilutcralis, Brady,
x „ bxdloides, d’Orbigny.
x ,, inflata, d’Orbigny.
x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.

Bulimia quinqueloba, Reuss.

Sphetroidina bulloides, d’Orbigny.

Truncatulina lohatula (Walker and Jacob),
x Pulvinulina crassa (d Orbigny).

„ degam (d’Orbigny).
x „ mieheliniana (d’Orbigny).

„ pauperata , Parker and Jones.

Rotalia clathrala, Brady.

Calodryvnis lappulotns and Ccelothauma duodenum were observed among the
Radiolaria in this deposit.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

611

Surface Organisms. — The following species of Radiolaria are recorded from the
surface at this Station : —

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Stylatractus disetanius, Haeckel.

Stauracantha orthostaura, Haeckel.

Pristacantha polyodon, Haeckel.

Dodeca.spis trizonia , Haeckel.

Hexaplagici collans, Haeckel.
Lampromitra huxleyi, Haeckel.
Aulodendron ciustrale, Haeckel.
Castanidium bromleyi, Haeckel.

Stations 170 and 170a (Soundings 292 and 293), New Zealand to Tongatabu
(see Chart 27 and Diagram 12).

July 14, 1874 ; lat. 29° 55' S., long. 178° 14' W.
Temperature of air at noon, 63° '8 ; mean for the day, 63°‘l.
Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

65-0

300 fathoms,

50 fathoms,

62-0

350

>>

100 „

60-5

400

150 „

56-2

450

>>

200 „

53-0

500

250 „

50-8

49-0

47-4

45-7

44-2

43-0

Density at 60° F. : —

Surface, .
100 fathoms,
200

. U02644
. 1 02635
. 1 02611

300 fathoms,

400

>>

, 1 02575
. 1-02573

At 6.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and got up steam. At 7 a.m. sounded in 520
fathoms, deposit Yolanic Mud (Station 170). Put trawl over. At 10 a.m. dingey went
away with naturalists for surface collecting. At 10.40 a.m. hove up trawl with numerous
specimens. At 11.45 a.m. put trawl over again, and sounded in 630 fathoms, deposit
Volcanic Mud, bottom temperature 39°‘5 (Station 170a), midway between Macaulay and
Raoul or Sunday Islands. Obtained serial temperatures at intervals of 50 fathoms down
to 500 fathoms. At 4.30 p.m. hove up trawl containing many specimens, and at
4.35 p.m. proceeded under steam. No albatrosses were noticed to-da}r, and yesterday
only one specimen of Diomedea exidans and two specimens of Diomedea melanoplirys
were observed, so that this is probably the boundary of the albatross region. Cape
pigeons, small black and white petrels, not bigger than stormy petrels, and large birds

Station 169.

Stations 170
and 170a.

612

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 170
and 170a.

Animals krom
Trawl.

with white heads, either stinkers, Procellctria gigantea, or young of Diomedea exulans,
were seen.

Distance at noon from the summit of Raoul Island, 33 miles. Made good 99 miles.
Amount of current 30 miles, direction N. 12° E.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at these
Stations : —

*

Monaxontda (Ridley and Dend}r, Zool. pt. 59).

Myxilla frondosa , n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality.

HEXACTiNELLiDA-^chulze, Zool. pt. 53).

Waltena flemmingii, n.g., n.sp. One fragmentary specimen (630 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality. Only species of the genus.
Euryplegma auricular e, n.g., n.sp. Two fragmentary specimens (630 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality. Only species of the genus.
Poliopogon gigas, n.g., n.sp. Large fragmentary specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Farrea occa (Bowerbank), Carter. One specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 24 and 207.

Chonelasma lamella, n.g., n.sp. One fragmentary specimen (630 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Stations 56 and 148a.
hamatum, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (630 fathoms); obtained at no
other locality.

Alcyoxaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Dasygorgia expansa, n.sp. Fragments (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Stylastcr erubescens, Pourtalcs (?). One specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Atlantic
coast of North America.

„ grarihs , M. -Edwards and Haime. (520 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Philippines, 10 and 30 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.
Conopara tenuis, ri.g., n.sp. (520 fathoms); obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Caryophyllia macxdata (PourtaK ). One specimen (630 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 122.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

613

Caryophyllia lamelli/era, n.sp. Two specimens (630 fathoms) ; obtained at no
other locality.

Stations 170
and 170 a.

Crinoidea (Carpenter, ZooL pts. 32 and 60).

Pentacrinus naresianvs, n.sp. Two specimens and fragment (520 and 630 fathoms);

obtained also at Stations 171, 175, 210 (?), and 214,
375 to 1350 fathoms.

Metacrinus varians, n.g., n.sp. (?). One specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Station 214, 500 fathoms.

„ wyvillii, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (630 fathoms) ; obtained also at
Station 214, 500 fathoms.

„ nodosus, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens (630 fathoms) ; obtained at no
other locality.

Antedon incertct, n.sp. One specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
,, breviradia, n.sp. Five specimens (630 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 175, 1350 fathoms.

„ echinata, n.sp. One specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
,, basicurva, n.sp. Several specimens (630 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 175 (?), 1350 fathoms.

„ incisa, n.sp. Four specimens and fragments (630 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Station 174, 210, 255, or 610 fathoms.

,, cdternata, n.sp. Two specimens (630 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 169, 218, and 236.

,, insequalis, n.sp. Twelve specimens (630 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 174 and 175, 210 to 1350 fathoms.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Solaster torulatus, n.sp. (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Cribrella sufflata, n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Qphiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioceramis (?) clausa, n.sp. (630 fathoms); obtained also at Station 171,

600 fathoms.

„ (?) obstricta, n.sp. (630 fathoms); obtained also at Station 192,

129 fathoms.

Ophiactis cuspidata , n.sp. (520 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 171, 600 fathoms.
Ophiacantha cornuta, n.sp. (520 fathoms); obtained also at Station 171,

600 fathoms.

Ophiomitra. \ plicata, n.sp. (630 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 205 and 214,

1050 and 500 fathoms.

(summary: of results chall. exp. — 1893.)

•%

614

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 170
axd 170a.

Astroschema horridum, n.sp. (600 fathoms ? [G30] ) ; obtained at no other locality.
„ salix, n.sp. (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Saleyiia hastigera, n.sp. (630 fathoms); for distribution see Station 106.
Aspidodiadema tonsum, n.g., n.sp. (630 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 124,

171, and 209.

Tidgonocidaris monolini, n.sp. One- specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Echinus acutus, Lamarck. (630 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 343, 425 fathoms.
Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Lagisca (?) kermadecensis, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen (520 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Nicidon bal/ouriana, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

Myzostomida (Graff, Zool. pt. 27).

Myzostoma tenuispinum, n.sp. (On Antedon inasqualis, A. basicurva, and A. incisa).
,, willeinoesii, n.sp. (On Antedon basicurva and A. inseq ualis).

,, murrayi, n.sp. (On Antedon breviradia).

Cirripedia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

Scalpellum acutum, n.sp. Three specimens (520 and 630 fathoms) ; obtained also
at Station 78.

Verruca sulcata , n.sp. One specimen (520 or 630 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Euonyx normani, n.sp. One specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
Podocer apsis kermadeci, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Cystisama spinomm (Fabricius). One specimen (630 fathoms) ; for distribution

see Station V.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

FAconnxivs parvus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Polycheles helleri, n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) obtained also at Station 21 8,

1070 fathoms.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

615

Pentacheles euthrix, n.g., n.sp. ( Willemcesia euthrix, Willemoes-Suhm, MS.).

Two specimens (520 fathoms); obtained also at Station 173,
315 fathoms.

Haliporus obliquirostris, n.g., n.sp. Numerous specimens (520 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Hemipenseus semidentatus, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens (520 fathoms); obtained

also at Stations 171 and 194, 600 and 200 fathoms. Recorded
subsequently from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator”).

Benthesicymus altus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) ; for distribution see

Station 133.

Sergestes kroyeri, n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Plesioniha semilsevis, n.g., n.sp. Six specimens (520 fathoms); obtained also at

Stations 164b (?), 173, and 200.

Acanthephyra sica, n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms); for distribution see

Station 40.

,, brachytelsonis, n.sp. Eight specimens (520 and 630 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Stations 171, 194, 214, 232, 236, and
318, 200 to 2040 fathoms. Recorded subsequently from
Indian Ocean (“ Investigator ”).

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Uroptychus spinimarginatus, n.sp. Two specimens (520 fathoms) ; obtained .also

at Station 214, 500 fathoms.

,, australis, n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 164b, 171, and 194a.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Spondylus ostreoides, n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Nudibranchiata (Bergh, Zool. pt. 26),

Euplocamus pacificus, n.sp. One specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Amphitretus pelagicus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality. Only species of the genus.

Eledone verrucosa , Verrill. One specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from North-M est
Atlantic.

Stations
and 170 a.

616

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Statiovb 170
AKD 170a.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pt. 30).

Carbasea moseleyi, n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms); obtained at no
other locality.

Tunic at a (Herdman, Zool. pts. 17 and 76).

Ctdeolus wyville-thomsoni, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (630 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Pyrosomct sp. (?). One specimen (520 fathoms ?).

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Macrurus parallelus, n.sp. Three specimens (630 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 169, 171, 232, and 235.

„ rudis, n.sp. Five specimens (520 and 630 fathoms) ; obtained also at
Station 171, 600 fathoms.

„ crassiceps , n.sp. One specimen (520 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 171, 600 fathoms.

„ denticulatus, Richards. Five specimens (520 fathoms) ; obtained also
at Station 166.

Bathygadus cottoides, n.g., n.sp. Seven specimens (520 and 630 fathoms);

obtained also at Stations 169 and 171.

(Jonostoma microdon, n.sp. Two specimens (520 fathoms) ; for distribution see

Station 23.

Batliypterois longijilis , n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (520 and 630 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Scopelus raacrolepidotus (Johnston). Six specimens (520 and 630 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Madeira.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : — Large
specimen of Mopsea, several Pcnnatulids (one of them containing generally a Galathe a),
several Polyps, Polyzoa, including a few very large specimens of Lepralia.

Excluding Protozoa, over 200 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at these Stations, belonging to about 79 species, of which 64 are new to science,
including representatives of 17 new genera ; 30 of the new species and 4 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere. From the deeper water (Station 170a, 630 fathoms)
about 100 specimens were obtained, belonging to 43 species, of which 37 are new to
science, including representatives of 9 new genera ; 14 of the new species and 2 new
genera were not obtained elsewhere.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

617

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ On the pinnulse of the Comatulse we found Myzostoma
under rather peculiar conditions. Some of the pinnulse had enlarged hy excrescence and
were rolled up so as to form a cavity, in which, in two cases, a larger and smaller
Myzostoma were found. This reminds me very much of Trematodes, which, like
Monostomum fdba in the skin of birds, live always in cases or sacs in pairs, one
individual being much larger than the other, the one acting probably as a male and the
other only as a female ; this leads in some cases, as in Distomum oJceni on the branchiae of
Brama rayi, to a perfect diversity of sexes. Perhaps there is something very similar in
Myzostoma, which is hermaphroditic and has many affinities with the Trematodes.
Among the higher Decapods there were an 'Alpheus, never got before in deep water, and
two males of a new species of Willemcesia, [ = Pentacheles euthrix]. This genus has not
made its appearance since we left the Southern Atlantic, where in a depth of 1900 fathoms
we got Willemcesia leptodactyla, to which this new species is most closely allied,
differing from it in being smaller and in having two excisions of the red chitinous upper
layer of the carapace where one would expect to find the eyes. A very large-celled
Lepralia was observed on the pumice-stones. ”

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this
place : —

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23). — Parasitic
on shark.

Pandarus cranchii, Leach.

,, satyrus, Dana.

Nogagus latreillii, Leach.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 58).

Halopsyche gctudichaudi (Souleyet).

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 78).
Carcharias lamia, Risso.

Lines porosus (Richards), (young).

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books: — Diphyes, Cory casus,
Saphirina, and Pyrosoma.

Moseley writes : “ A shark [ Carcharias lamia] was caught ; four or five small pilot
fish were about it. On it were numerous specimens of Caligus, a few of which again had a
Lepas on them often almost as big as themselves. The Caligi had a pink colouring matter,
giving an absorption band. On the shark being skinned I noticed that a layer of superficial
or skin muscles, only about ^ inch thick, was coloured dark red like mammalian muscle,
the main muscular mass being pale, almost white ; this condition is comparable to that
in the marine Gasteropods. Murray, on going out in the dingey, met with floating sea-
weed, apparently a Fucus with large vesicles, like Fucus nodosus. In these masses were
a small fish ( Lints porosus) and numerous crabs ( Nautilog rapsus ) , mimicking the colour

Stations 170
and 170a

Organisms from
tee Surface.

618

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station's 170
and 170a.

Station 171.

Animals from
Trawl.

of the weed in a remarkable manner. In the tow-nets were small Scilpas, soft transparent
Pteropods, Calanids, Cypridinids, and a young Terebellid. A large Salpa and Medusa
were in the trawl.”

Station 171 (Sounding 294), New Zealand to Tougatabu (see Chart 27 and
Diagram 12).

July 15, 1874 ; lat. 28“ 33' S., long. 177° 50' W.

Temperature of air at noon, 66 ’5 ; mean for the day, G6C,5.

Temperature of water at surface, 66°-5 ; bottom, 390,5.

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 '02685.

Depth, 600 fathoms ; deposit, Volcanic Mud.

At 6.30 a.m. stopped and sounded in 600 fathoms. Put trawl over. At 9.40 a.m.
hove up trawT with many fragments of pumice, and numerous specimens. At 10 a.m.
made all plain sail. The carbonic acid was determined in water from the surface, and
amounted to 41 "2 milligrammes per litre. In the course of the morning observed a large
whale close to the ship, also a Cape pigeon, and a few white-breasted petrels.

Distance at noon from Eooa Island, Tongatabu, 44G miles ; from La Ranee Bank,
263 miles. Made good 85 miles. Amount of current 8 miles, direction N. 27° E.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

IIkxactineli.ida (Schulze, Zook pt. 53).

Aulochone cylindrical , n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Alcyonaeia (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Dasygorgia acanthclla, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ axillaris, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 201, 82 to
102 fathoms.

Calyptrophora wyvillei, n.sp. Fragment of stem ; obtained at no other locality.
Stachyodes regularis, n.g., n.sp. Several fragments ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Tkouartlla moseleyi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Stylastcr leevis, Studer (?). One dead specimen; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Three King Islands.

© ©

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

619

y

Stenohelia 'profunda, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 23. Station 171.

Cryptohelia pudica, M. -Edwards and Haime. For distribution see Station 3.

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 32).

Pentacrinus alternicirrus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 210 (?)

and 214, 375 and 500 fathoms.

„ naresianus, n.sp. Fragments; obtained also at Stations 170, 170a,

175, 210 (?), and 214.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Freyella polycnema, n.sp. A few fragments ; obtained at no other locality.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioceramis (?) clausa, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 170.

Ophiomusium scalare, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Oplviophyllum petilum, n.g., n.sp. Young specimen; obtained also at Station 174,

210 to 610 fathoms. Only species' of the genus.

Ophiactis flexuosa, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 142.

,, cuspidata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 170.

,, ncima, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 174, 210 to 610 fathoms.

Amphiura argentea, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ canescens, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiochiton lentus , n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiacantha vepratica, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, cornuta, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 170.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool, pt. 9).

Salenia hastigera, n.sp. For distribution see Station 106.

Aspidodiadema tonsum, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 124, 170, and 209.

Entozoa (Linstow, Zool. pt. 71).

Ascaris macruri, n.sp. Two specimens (parasitic on Macrurus rudis).

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Polynoe magnipalpa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Terebella kermadecensis, n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained at no other

locality.

620

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 171.

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).

Chondracanthus (?) macru'rus, n.sp. One specimen (parasitic on Macrurus ).
Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).

Gna thophausia zoea, Willemoes-Suhm, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also

at Stations 73, 106, and 126.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Eiconaxvts Jcennadeci, n.g., n.sp. Several specimens; obtained at no other locality.
1 fcmipensBUS semidcntatus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 170

and 194.

Bcnthssicymvs altus , n.g., n.sp. Numerous specimens ; for distribution see

Station 123.

Ghjpliocrangon regalis , n.sp. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained also at

Stations 173 and 194, 315 and 200 fathoms.
AcarUhephyra brachytelsonis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 170,

194, 214, 232, 236, and 318.

Nematocarcinus undulatipes , n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained also at Stations 194,

200, and 214, 200 to 500 fathoms.

,, gracilis , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 174c,

610 fathoms.

Stylodactylus discissipes , n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, orientalis , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Anoml ra (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Munida microphthalma, M. -Edwards. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 24

and 343.

Uropf ychus politus, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

„ australis, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 164b, 170,
and 194 a.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Pcctcn kcrniadecensis, n.sp. Two valves ; obtained at no other locality.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

''funs (Phyllonotus) zelarcdicus, Quoy and Gaimard. Obtained also at Stations 167a

and 172. •

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Cirroteulhis meangensis, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 214,

500 fathoms.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

621

Brachiopoda (Davidson, Zool. pt. 1).

Terebratulina (?) murrayi , n.sp. Twelve specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Macrurus parallelus, n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at Stations 169, 170,

232, and 235.

„ rudis , n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained also at Station 170.

„ crassiceps, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 170.

Bathygcidus cottoides, n.g., n.sp. Six specimens; obtained also at Stations 169

and 170.

Sternoptyx diaphana (Herm.). Two specimens ; for distribution see Station 101.

Gonostoma microdon, n.sp. One specimen ; for distribution see Station 23.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : —
Aphrocallistes bocagei, Pennatulids, several Comatulse, Archaster, Solaster, and several
Polyzoa. The vertebral column of a fish, of a very delicate structure, was found in the
trawl, all the soft parts having been washed away in hauling up.

Excluding Protozoa, about 140 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 60 species, of which 47 are new to science, including
representatives of 10 new genera ; 21 of the new species and 1 new genus were not
obtained elsewhere.

Wiilemoes-Suhm writes : “ The fauna was on the whole the same as on the previous
day. Among the shrimps was a new spiny form not seen before, and two specimens
of Gnathophausia zoea, identical with those taken in the Atlantic and not seen since
leaving the South Atlantic, except that in the Antarctic we got the skin of a
Gnathophausia , which could not be identified with any of the three described species.
A large Macrurus had Ascarides in its intestine, two of which left it when in the tub,
and two Lernaeans on its gills.”

Surface Organisms — The following species is recorded from the surface a/t this
Station : —

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Thalassicolla australis, Haeckel.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books : — Foraminifera (Globigerina
with spines and Pulvinulina), Sagitta, Copepods, pelagic Gasteropods, Pteropods, and
Appendicularia. A specimen of Pulvinulina micheliniana was noticed with a bag-like
arraugement composed of the most transparent jelly-like matter, the shell being
completely surrounded with yellow coloured granular protoplasm.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) 79

Station 171.

Organisms from
Surface Yets.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 171a.

At Toxuatabc

Station* 172
axii 172a
(Toxuatabc)

6*22

Station 171a (Sounding 295), New Zealand to Tongatabu (see Chart 27 and
Diagram 12).

July 17, 1874 ; lat. 25° 5' S., long. 172° 56' W.

Temperature of air at noon,

72 ’3 ; mean for the day, 70° '9.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, ....

72°0

800 fathoms, .

37-2

100 fathoms,

67 ‘6

900 „

36-9

200 „ .

59-2

1000 „

36-7

300 „ ...

50-4

1100 „

36-4

400 „ . . .

44 0

1200 „

36-2

500 „ . . .

41-3

1300 „

36-0

600 „ ...

39-2

Bottom,

34-3

700 „ .

37-9

Density at 60" F. : —

Surface,

1 02642

400 fathoms, .

. 1-02576

100 fathoms,

1-02635

Bottom,

. 1-02626

200

1 02646

Depth, 2900 fathoms; deposit, Red Clay with pumice, containing no carbonate of
lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 8.30 a.m. got up steam. At 9 a.m. shortened and furled sails, proceeded under
steam, and sounded in 2900 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures at intervals of
100 fathoms down to 1300 fathoms. At 1.20 r.M. completed heaving in line, and at
1.30 r.M. made sail. At 6 p.m. got up steam, and at 6.30 p.m. proceeded under steam.

Distance at noon from Eooa Island, 248 miles. Made good 126 miles. Amount of
current 28 miles, direction S. 52u E.

The Challenger arrived at Tongatabu at 9 a.m. on July 19, remaining there till
8 a.m. on July 22, 1874 (for description of Tongatabu see Narr. Chall. Exp., vol. i.
pp. 477-486).

Stations 172 and 172a (Soundings 296 and 297), off Tongatabu (see Chart 28).
July 22, 1874.

Temperature of air at noon, 7 1 " *0 : mean for the day, 69°7.

Temperature of water at surface, 75°-0.

At 7 a.m. got up steam. At 7.50 a.m. weighed anchor and proceeded out of Tongatabu
II irbour, passing between Mallenoah and Attataa Islands. At 10 a.m. stopped and

28. Siimmarx of Results. ThjsVoyajge of HM.S.Clxaileiig

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

623

sounded in 18 fathoms, deposit Coral Sand, containing 9070 per cent, of carbonate of Tonga tabu.
lime (Station 172). Put dredge over. At 11 a.m. hove up dredge, containing many
specimens, and proceeded. At 11.20 a.m. stopped and sounded in 240 fathoms, deposit
Coral Sand, containing 8 6 '44 per cent, of carbonate of lime (Station 172a). Put over
dredge, which came up at 12.10 p.m. with several specimens. Proceeded under steam.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the dredge at these Animals from
two Stations ; the great majority come from the shallower depth (18 fathoms), the depth TojsGwrAr;L'
being given for those from the greater depth (240 fathoms) : — -

Alcyonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Sarcophytuvi tongatabuensis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Cycloseris tenuis (Dana). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from the Pacific.

Reef Corals (Quelch, Zool. pt. 46).

Stylophora prostrata, Klunzinger. Obtained also at Fiji.

Pocilloporci sujfruticosa, Verrill. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Caulastrsea clistorta, Dana. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Coeloria leptoticha, Klunzinger. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Pavonia divariccita, Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ crassa, Dana. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Psammocora obtusangula (Lamarck). Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Madrepora pocilliferct, Lamarck. Obtained also at Fiji and New Hebrides.

Turbinaria brassica (Dana). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Pontes arenosa (Esper). Obtained also at Fiji, Banda, and Tahiti.

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Antedon regalis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Actinometra quadrata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Linckia pacijica, Gray, var. diplax , Muller and Troschel. Obtained also at Fiji.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiothrix propinqua, Lyman (?) (red variety). Obtained also at Fiji and

Philippines (?).

624

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

To XUAT ABU.

Ophiothrix tri/ineata, Liitken. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Ophiomyxa australis, Liitken. For distribution see Station 109.

Ophiopyigus wyville-thomsoni, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (240 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality. Only species of the genus.
Ophioconis pulccrulenta, n.sp. (240 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
Ophuroma scolopendrina , Agassiz. Obtained also at Simon’s Bay, Cape,

Fiji, and Philippines.

Ophiomastix sp. (?), young.

Ophiothrix longipeda, Muller and Troschel (?). Obtained also at Stations 186,

188, Ternate, Amboina, and Philippines, shore to
100 fathoms.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Asthenosoma coriaceum, n.sp. (18 and 240 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 173, 310 to 315 fathoms.

Echinometra lucunter (Leske). Obtained also at Fiji, Philippines, Sandwich

Islands, and Tahiti.

Pcromdla decagonalis (Lesson). Obtained also at Stations 173, 186, 188, 190,

192, 208, 212, 219, Torres Strait, Amboina, and Tahiti,
8 to 315 fathoms.

Holotht'RIOidea (Thdel, Zool. pt. 39).

Stichopus chloronotus, Brandt. One specimen ; obtained also at Fiji. Pecorded

from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

llolothuria vagabunda, Selenka. One specimen ; obtained also at Fiji and

Philippines. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Thtdruessa oculata , n.sp. One imperfect specimen ; obtained also at Station 162.
Ilesionc pacijica , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

A'/v/.s ( PI aty nereis ) tongatabuensis, n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other

locality.

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Bythocypris (?) compress a, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality.

Bairdia looodunrdiana, n.sp. Six specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

, crosskeiana, Brady. Obtained also at Admiralty and Sandwich Islands.

Recorded from Mediterranean.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

625

Cy there cancellata, Brady. Obtained also at Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms. Tongatabu.

Recorded from Java.

,. convoluta, Brady. Obtained also at Sandwich Islands, 40 fathoms.

Recorded from Mauritius.

Loxoconcha avellana, Brady. Obtained also at Port Jackson.

Xestoleberis nctna, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ variegata, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 93 and 94.

Cytherella cribrosa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ampeipoda (Stebbiug, Zool. pt. 67).

Platyscelus rissoinee , Spence Bate. One specimen (240 fathoms) ; obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Alpheus avarus, Fabricius. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 233b,

15 fathoms, Albany Island, Cape York, and Arafura Sea.

Recorded from Australia and Japan.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Pagurus euopsis, Dana. T wo specimens ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Navigator Islands and Balabac
Passage.

Petrolisthes unilobatus, n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Galathea aculeata, Haswell, One specimen ; obtained also at Station 208,

18 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

Munida tuberculata, n.sp. One specimen (240 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 173, 315 fathoms.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Mensethius monoceros (Latreille), var. angusta, Dana. Three specimens ; obtained

also at Station 186, 8 fathoms. Recorded from
Fiji and Samoan Islands.

Lctmbrus ( Parthenolambrus ) calappoides (Adams and White). One specimen ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
j Etisus lasvimanus, Randall. Two specimens ; obtained also at Sandwich Islands.

Pilumnus longicornis, Hilgendorf, var. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Trapjezia cymodoce (Herbst) (?). Three specimens ; obtained also at Philippines,

10 fathoms.

626

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

ToSGATABL’.

X'phoncctes longispinosus (Dana). Two specimens; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Thnlamonyx danse, var. gracilipes, M.-Edwards. Three specimens ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

Thalamita sima , M.-Edwards, var. granulata, nov. The species obtained also at

Station 186 and Port Jackson.
admete (Herbst). Two specimens ; obtained also at Fiji.

„ sexlobata, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

prynma (Herbst). One specimen (on the reefs) ; obtained also at
Ternate and Philippines.

,, stimpsoni, M.-Edwards. Two specimens (young) ; obtained also at

Philippines, 10 fathoms.

Ctdappa hepatica (Linne). One specimen; obtained also at Amboina and

Sandwich Islands.

Jiandallia granulata, n.sp. One specimen (240 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station. 173, 315 fathoms.

Lamellibranchiata 1 (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Corbula modesta , Hinds. Obtained also at Amboina. 15 to 20 fathoms. Recorded

from Philippines, Malacca, and West Africa.

Psammobia ptdcherrima, Deshayes. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
,, castrensis (Spengler). One dead specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines,
Hainan, Japan, and Torres Strait.

TeUina ( Tellinella) verrucosa, Hanley. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

tVnu.v ( Antigona ) puerpera, Linne, var. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Circe a luira, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Card, net (Fra gum) fomicatnm, Sowerby. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Borneo.

Chttma bra >■.>• lea , Reeve. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded

from Philippines.

Lvruut (Codalia) interrupta (Lamarck). Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Torres Strait and
Louisiade Archipelago.

Limn multicostntn, Sowerby. Obtained also at Station 56 and Port Jackson.

/ 'ecten amicus, n.sp. Single valve ; obtained at no other locality.

1 Several *]*• imena of Truiurna <j«j<u, Linn 4, were obtained from the reefs at Tongatalm.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

627

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Trochus ( Monilea ) belcheri, Philippi. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Turbo ( Senectus ) chrysostomus, Linne. Obtained also at Fiji and Torres Strait.

Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Mure x ( Phyllonotus ) zelandicus, Quoy and Gaimard. Obtained also at

Stations 167a and 171.

PTassa ( Niotha ) stigrnaria, Adams. One fragmentary specimen ; obtained also at

Fiji, 12 fathoms. Recorded from Japan, Philippines,
and Andaman Islands.

„ (. Alectryon ) monile (Kiener). Obtained at no other locality by the

Challeng-er. Recorded from New Guinea and

O

Philippines.

Phos nodicostatus, Adams. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Philippines.

Oliva ( Galeola ) picta, Reeve. Obtained also at Arrou Islands and Amboina.

Recorded from Philippines and Seychelles.

„ sp. (?).

Columbella ( Conidea ) Jlava (Bruguiere).

Challenger.

Obtained at no other locality by the
Recorded from Indian and Pacific

Oceans.

Mitra [Cam cilia) interlirata, Reeve. Obtained also at Station 185, Fiji, and Arrou

Islands, 12 to 155 fathoms. Recorded from Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

Pleurotoma ( Drillia ) climacota, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Terebra sp. (?).

Triton (Gutturnium) elongatus, Reeve. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

Ranella ( Argobuccinum ) pusillct, Broderip. Obtained also at Fiji and Torres

Strait, 3 to 12 fathoms. Recorded from Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

Strombus ( Canarium ) gibberulus, Linne. Obtained also at Fiji, 12 fathoms.

Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Terebellum punctatum, Chemnitz. Obtained also at Station 208, 18 fathoms.

Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Cyprsea lynx , Linne. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded

from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

„ vitellus, Linne. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded

from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Tongatabu.

(528

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Tongatabd.

Xatica (Mamma) aurantia, Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia and Red Sea.
Fossil — shores of Red Sea.

Amalthea australis, Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia and Philippines.

Caecum s< /amentum, var. arcuata, de Folin. One specimen; obtained also at Tahiti,

20 fathoms. The species obtained also at Sandwich
Islands, 40 fathoms. Recorded from Mauritius.

„ exile, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ , two other species undetermined.

Eulima sp. (?).

Mucronalia xanthias, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 186 and 212, 8 to 20 fathoms.
Cei'ithium ( Vertagvs) asperum (Liun<i). Obtained also at Fiji. Recorded from

Indian and Pacific Oceans. Fossil — shores of

Red Sea.

„ ( „ ), n.sp. (?).

Bittium perparvulum, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 186, Torres Strait, and

Sandwich Islands, 7 to 40 fathoms.

Itissoa sp. (?).

„ (?) sp.

Scaliola hello, Adams. Obtained also at Stations 185, 186, 187, Torres Strait, and

Sandwich Islands, 3 to 155 fathoms. Recorded from Japan.
Actnou Jlummeus (Gmclin). Obtained also at Station 188 and Fiji, 28 and

12 fathoms. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Nudirranchiata (Bergh, Zool. pt. 26).

Platydoris eurychlamys, Bergh. One specimen ; obtained also at Philippines,

10 fathoms. Recorded from Philippines.

Ch.phalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Octopus tonganus, n.sp. Three specimens; obtained at no other locality.

PoLYZOA (Busk, Zool. pts. 30 and 50).

MemJjranipora alhida, Hi neks (?). Obtained also at Station 75.

Rctepora npiculata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, producta, n.sp. Obtained also at Philippines, 10 fathoms.

Mucronella guadrata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Idmoncu rodiat s (Lamarck). Obtained also at Sandwich Islands, 20 to 40 fathoms.

Recorded from Australian seas, New Zealand, &c.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

629

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 38).

Leptoclinum tonga , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Fishes (Giinther, Zool. pt. 6).

Zygeena malleus, Risso. Obtained also at Sandwich Islands.

Trygon kuhli, M. and H. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Serranus dispar, Playfair. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Mesoprion fulvijlamma, Forsk. Obtained also at Fiji.

Csesio tile, C.Y. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Gerres oyena, Forsk. Obtained also at Fiji.

Holocentrum spiniferum, Forsk. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Mugil kelaarti, Gunther. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

,, tongse, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophichthys maculosus, Cuvier. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Excluding Protozoa, over 150 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained at
this place, belonging to about 120 species, of which 32 are new to science, including
representatives of 2 new genera ; 22 of the new species and 1 new genus were not
obtained elsewhere. From the deeper water (240 fathoms) Q species were obtained, of
which 5 are new, including representative of 1 new genus ; 2 of the new species and
the new genus were not obtained elsewhere. One of the new species was taken also only
in the shallower water (18 fathoms).

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ The sandy bottom in 18 fathoms was evidently covered by
Algee, among which were Corals, Crustacea, and shells. A little green Stenorliynclius was
specially adapted for life among the Algse ; the Lupea had brighter colours, and Alpheus,
a compressed little Astacid, made a cracking noise by knocking one finger of its chela
upon the other. From 240 fathoms a Hyperid was obtained having very remarkable
appendages to the pereion, enabling it to close up exactly like a ball.”

Moseley writes : “From 18 fathoms wre brought up numerous Algae, Halimeda

caulerpa, &c., one specimen of Acetabularia, great abundance of a green confervoid-
looking Alga, one melanosperm Pavonaria (?), one red Alga, and abundance of Halophila
in fruit (that on the reefs in shallow water was not, I think, in fruit).”

Foraminifera (Brad}7, Zool. pt. 22). — The following species of Foraminifera were
observed during the examination of the deposit from 18 fathoms (Station 172) ; the
pelagic species, which make up about 6 per cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the
deposit, are marked thus x : —

Nubecularia divciricata, Brady.

„ inflata, Brady.

,, lucifuga, Def ranee.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.)

Bilocxdina ringens (Lamarck), var. denticulaia, Brady.
Spiroloculina grata, Terquem.

Miliolina alveoliniformis, Brady.

80

Tongatabu.

Organisms from
the Deposit.

Tin: VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Tonoatabc.

G30

Miliolina ferussacii (d'Orbigny).

„ linnseana (d’Orbigny).

„ oblonga (Montagu).

„ parkeri, Brady.

„ reticulata (d’Orbigny).

„ seminulum (Linne).

„ tricarinata (d’Orbigny).

„ trigonula (Lamarck).

Artieulina sagra, d’Orbigny.

Vertebralina insignia, Brady.

Hauer ina ornatimma (Karrer).

Peneroplis jier turns (Forskal).

Orbitolites complanata (Lamarck).

,, „ var. laciniata, Brady.

„ duplex, Carpenter.

,, marginal is (Lamarck).

Alveoli na boscii (Defrance).

Sagenella frondescens, Brady.

Reopl i ax scorpiurus, Montfort.

Placopsilina cenomana (d’Orbigny).

Trochammina ringens, Brady.

Textularia agglutinans, d'Orbigny, var. porreda,
Brady.

„ concaca (Karrer).

„ conica, d'Orbigny.

„ gramen , d’Orbigny.

„ rugosa (Reuss).

„ siphonifera, Brady.

VerneuiUna spinulosa, Reuss.

Clavulina angularis, d’Orbigny.

Iidiiina limbata, Brady.

The following species tvere observed in
where the pelagic species, marked thus x ,
of lime present : —

Biloculina depresea, d’Orbigny.

„ ringens (Lamarck).

„ „ var. striolata, Brady.

Spiroloeulina acutimargo, Brady.

„ ccnvexiwtcula, Brady.

„ crcnata , Karrer.

„ excavata, d’Orbigny.

„ grata, Terquem.

M Molina agglutinans (d’Orbigny).

„ cireularis (Borncrnann).

„ linnseana (d'Orbigny).

„ olAonga (Montagu).

„ parkeri, Brady.

„ seminulum (Linn4),

Sagrina raphanus, Parker and Jones,
x Globigerina bulloides, d’Orbigny.
x „ conglobata, Brady.

Spirillina inxqualis, Brady.

,, vivipara, Ehrenberg.

Cgmbalopora poeyi (d’Orbigny).

Discorbina orbicularis (Terquem).

,, pileolus (d’Orbigny).

„ rosacea (d’Orbigny).

„ tabernacularis, Brady.

„ valvulata (d’Orbigny).

Truncatulina akneriana (d’Orbigny).

„ echinata, Brady.

„ lobatula (Walker and Jacob).

„ rostrata, Brady.

„ variabilis, d’Orbigny.

Carpentaria utricularis, Carter,
x Pulvinulina canadensis (d’Orbigny).

„ lateralis (Terquem).

Calcarina hispida, Brady.

Gypsina inhserens (Schultze).

„ vesicularis (Parker and Jones).

Polytrema miniaceum (Linn6).

Nonionina turgida (Williamson).

Polystomella craticulata (Fichtel and Moll).

„ crispa (Linn6).

Amphistegina lessonii, d’Orbigny.

Operculina complanata (Defrance).

„ „ var. granxdosa, Leymerie.

Heterostegina depressa, d’Orbigny.

lc deposit from 240 fathoms (Station 172a),
lake up about 30 per cent, of the carbonate

Miliolina tricarinata (d’Orbigny).

„ undosa (Karrer).

„ sp. (?).

Artieulina conico-articulata (Batsch).

„ lineata, Brady.

Vertebralina insignis, Brady.

„ striata, d’Orbigny.

Ophthalmid ium inconsta/is, Brady.

Hauerina omatissima (Karrer).

Planispirina sigmoidea , Brady.

Comuspira involvens, Reuss.

Peneroplis pertusus (Forsk&l).

Orbitolites complanata, Lamarck.

„ marginalis (Lamarck).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

631

Alveoli na boscii, Defrance.

Psammospheera fusca, Schulze.

Reophax nodulosa, Brady.

„ scorpiums, Montfort.

Haplqphrcigmium cigglutinans (d’Orbigny).

„ ca'aariensis (d'Orbigny).

„ pseudospirale (Williamson).

Placopsilina cenomana, d’Orbigny.

Webbina clavata, Jones and Parker.

Textularia folium, Parker and Jones.

„ quadrilatera (Sell wager).

,, sagittula, Defrance, var . fistulosa, Brady.

„ trochus, d’Orbigny.

„ sp. (?).

Verneuilina spinulosa , Reuss.

Tritaxia indiscrete, i, Brady.

„ lepida, Brady.

tricarinata, Reuss.

Pavonine. i flabelliformis, d’Orbigny.

Spiropleda annedens (Parker and Jones).

Bulimina aculeata, d’Orbigny.

„ williamsoniana, Brady.

» SP- (?)-

Bolivina decussata, Brady.

,, limbaia, Brady.

„ lobata, Brady, var. strigosa, Brady.

„ textilarioides, Reuss.

Qassididina laevigata , d’Orbigny.

Ehrenbevgina (?) sp.

Chilostomella ovoidea , Reuss.

Lagena castrensis , Sckwager.

„ globosa (Montagu).

„ quadrata (Williamson).

„ striata (d’Orbigny).

Nodosaria communis, d’Orbigny.

„ proxima, Silvestri.

„ pyrula, d’Orbigny.

„ raphanus (Anne).

Cristellaria calcar (Linne).

„ crep dula (Fichtel and Moll).

„ gibba, d’Orbigny.

,, nitida , d’Orbigny.

,, orbicularis (d’Orbigny).

» sp. (?).

Polymorphina gibba, d’Orbigny.

„ oblonga, d’Orbigny.

ZJvigerina aculeata, d’Orbigny.

„ canariensis, d’Orbigny.

,, porreda, Brady.

Sagrina columellaris, Brady.

Sagrina raphanus, Parker and Jones,
x Globigerina aequilateralis, Brady,
x „ conglobuta, Brady,

x „ rubra, d’Orbigny.

x ,, sacculifera, Brady,

x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.

Pullenia quinqueloba, Reuss.
x S'phxroidina dehiscens, Parker and Jones,
x Candeina nitida, d’Orbigny.

Spirillina decorata, Brady,

„ inxqualis, Brady.

Patellina corrugata, Williamson,
x Cymbalopora ( Tretomphalus ) bulloides (d’Orbigny).

„ iabelleeformis, Brady.

Discorbina orbicularis (Terquem).

„ rugosa (d’Orbigny).

Planorbulina acervalis, Brady.

„ larvata, Parker and Jones.
Truncatulina echinata, Brady.

„ lobatida (Walker and Jacob).

„ reticulata (Czjzek).

„ tenera, Brady.

„ variabilis, d’Orbigny.

Anomulina, polymorpha, Costa.

Carpenteria montiemaris, Carter.

„ proteiformis, Goes.

Pidvinulina concentrica, Parker and Jones,
x ,, crassa (d’Orbigny).

„ elegans (d’Orbigny).

„ Jcarsteni (Reuss).

x ,, menardii (d’Orbigny).

„ repanda (Fichtel and Moll),

x „ tumida, Brady.

„ (?) sp.

Calcarina hispida , Brady.

Tinoporus baculatus (Montfort ?), Carpenter.

Gypsina irihszrens (Schultze).

„ vesicularis (Parker and Jones).

Polytrema miniaceum (Linne).

Nonionina asterizans (Fichtel and Moll).
Polystomella arctica (Parker and Jones) (?).

„ crispa (Linne).

„ macella (Fichtel and Moll).

Amphistegina lessonii, d’Orbigny.

Operculina complanata, Defrance, var. granulosa,
Leymerie.

Hderostegina depressa, d’Orbigny.

„ sp. (?).

Nummulites cumingii, Carpenter.

Cycloclypeus guembelianus, Brady.

Ton(jatabu.

632

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Toncatabu.

Stations 173
AND 173 a.

Animals from
Dredge and
Trawl.

During the passage from Tongatabu to Matuku several blackish birds were reported
to have been seen, but otherwise no birds were observed from the ship. Large numbers
of flying fish were observed : a small species which appeared to take very long flights.

Stations 173 and 173a (Soundings 298 and 299), off Matuku (see Chart 29).
July 24, 1874.

Temperature of air at noon, 71 "3 ; mean for the day, 70° ’2.

Temperature of water at surface, 76°‘0.

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 ‘02042.

At 6.30 a.m. observed Matuku Island. At 8 a.m. got up steam. At 9.20 a.m.
proceeded under steam. At 10.30 a.m. stopped off entrance to Matuku Harbour;
landed officers and naturalists. At 11 a.m. sounded in 315 fathoms, deposit Coral Mud
(Station 173). Put dredge over. At noon hove up dredge, and sent it down again
at 12.15 p.m. At 1 p.m. sounded in 310 fathoms, deposit Coral Mud (Station 173a).
At 2 p.m. dredge came up fouled. Put over trawl, which came up at 4 p.m. with
numerous specimens. Proceeded towards the entrance through the reef, and at 4.30 p.m.
stopped oil entrance to pick up officers and naturalists. At 5 p.m. made sail, and
proceeded towards Kandavu.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the dredge and
trawl at these Stations : —

Tetp.actinkllida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

Neosiphon ia svperstes, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Pleroma turbinatum , n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Actiniakia (Hertwig, Zool. pt. 73).

Adamsia (?) sp. (Firmly fixed on a Gasteropod shell).

IIydroida (Allman, Zool. pt. 70).

Cryptolaria geniculata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Opdicroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiozonci imularia, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiorruisl'xs texturatus, n.sp. [See Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. x. pp. 247-248,

1883].

chart 29. Summary of Results.

The Voyage of H.M.S.CJiaUen.ger

SOUNDINGS AHI> STATIONS
in, the vicinity of

MATUKU ISLAND

Ohs Spot + Zab 19? 9. '3ffS- Long. 170"43'Z3"E
For eapJanatu77V of abb re vitalisms see Appendix- 1

Ln^-*4VT“LVv- MalbyJc Sons

SUMMARY OF RESULTS. 633

Ophiopyren brevispinus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiomyxa australis, Lutken. For distribution see Station 109.

Echen'Oedea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Asthenosoma coriaceum , n.sp. Obtained also at Station 172.

Cottaldia forbesiana, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Peronella decagonalis (Lesson), For distribution see Station 172.

Macrtjra (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Polycheles baccata, n.sp. Six specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Pentacheles euthrix, n.g., n.sp. ( Willemcesia euthrix, Willemoes-Suhm, MS.).

Several specimens ; obtained also at Station 170.

Peneeus rectacutus, n.sp. Five specimens ; obtained also at Station 209, 95 fathoms.

Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean (“Investigator”).
„ serratus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 184, 1400 fathoms.
Aristeus rostridentatus, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator ”).
Benthesicymus brasiliensis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 168,

181, 184, 285, and 323.

Sergestes atlanticus, M. -Edwards. One specimen ; for distribution see Station 159.
Glyphocrangon regalis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 171 and 194.
Plesionika semilsevis, n.g., n.sp. Seven specimens; obtained also at Stations 164b,

170, and 200.

Pasiphsea cristata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Munida normani, n.sp. Eleven specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, granulata , n.sp. Nine specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, militaris, n.sp. Five specimens ; obtained also at Stations 192, 200, 210,
and Amboina, 100 to 375 fathoms.

,, tuberculata, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 172a.
Elasmonotus miersii, n.sp. One specimen , obtained at. no other locality.

,, debilis, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 210,
375 fathoms.

Brachytjra (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Pilumnoplax ibyssicola, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Mursia curtispina , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Randallia granulata, n.sp. Four specimens; obtained also at Station 172a.

Ethuso. i orientals, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Stations 173
and 173a.

G34

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 173
and 173a.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Turbo ( Calcar ) henicus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Fnsus ( Sipho ) Ubratus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ranella jijiensis, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 204a, 100 to 115 fathoms.
Xenophora n.sp. (?).

Ceritliium matukense, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Nautilus pompilius , Linne. One living specimen ; obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Scorpsena percoides, Solander. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 163a
and 166.

Setarches Jidjiensis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Chauncix pictus, Lowe. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Japan, Madeira, and New England
coast.

Neobythitcs macrops, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 210, 375 fathoms.

Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator”).
Macrurus longibarbis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, raicr Jepis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at ho other locality.
Chlorophthcdmus productus , n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Scopelus dumerilii, Bleeker. One specimen; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger.

Congromursena guthdata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

In addition to the foregoing, Ventriculites is mentioned in the Station-book.

O O 7

Excluding Protozoa, about 100 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at these Stations, belonging to 48 species, of which 38 are new to science, including
representatives of 6 new genera ; 23 of the new species and 2 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

Wiilcmoe^-Suhm mentions several male specimens of Willemcesia [ = Pentacheles]
eulh .r i ! -/a d -pin) shrimp (previously taken oft' Pernambuco and off the Crozets),
Calappa (never taken in such deep water), and Nautilus.

Mu- Py writes : “ A living specimen of Nautilus pompilius came up, which when
p!a d in v. it' r Hated with ;i small portion of the shell out of the water; it was probably
suffering from distention after being brought up from the depths. It moved backwards

SUMMARY OF RESULTS*

635

by jerks, the propelling spouts from the siphon being directed somewhat downwards, so
that the shell was a little rotated and raised to a slightly greater extent out of the water
at each jerk. Occasionally when the animal was excited it made a sort of dash, the water
being spouted out with great violence, so as to cause a strong eddy on the surface. On
each side of the base of the opercular-like head-fold, the fold of the mantle closing the
gill-cavity was to be seen rising and falling with a pulsating motion, which was very
conspicuous. The tentacular-like arms were held extended radially from the head, like
the tentacles of an Actinian somewhat, but each pair in a constant and different direction.
One pair was held directly downwards ; those on each side of the eye were held projecting
obliquely from it forwards and backwards, as if to protect that organ. The smallness
and fineness of the arms were very striking, as also the very definite direction of each
pair.”

The specimen of Chaunax was of a beautiful rose colour, and the tentacular-like
appendages along the body appeared to mimic closely the red Algse. All the scales had
been rubbed off the Scopelid when hauling in the trawl.

Stations 174 to 174© (Soundings 300 to 304), off Kandavu Island (see Chart 30
and Diagram 12).

August 3, 1874.

Temperature of air at noon,

78°'3 ; mean for the day, 74°'8.

Temperature of wTater : —

Surface, . . . .

78-0

350 fathoms, .

44 '2

50 fathoms,

76'8

400 „ ...

42-3

100 „ . . .

71-0

450 „ ...

40-9

150 „ . . .

65-2

500 „ ...

39-8

200 „ . .

59-5

600 „ ...

39 '0

250 „ . . .

53-7

Bottom (610 fathoms),

39-0

300 „ . . .

47-8

At daylight observed Kandavu Island on the starboard beam. At 7.45 a.m. stopped
off the entrance to Ngaloa Harbour, and despatched surveying boats. Soundings were
taken: — in 140 fathoms, deposit Coral Mud, containing 86’41 per cent, of carbonate of
lime (Station 174); in 160 fathoms, deposit Coral Mud (Station 174a) ; in 255 fathoms,
deposit Coral Mud, containing 8 6 ‘31 per cent, of carbonate of lime (Station 174b) ; in
610 fathoms, deposit Globigerina Ooze, containing 7 9 '6 5 per cent, of carbonate of lime
(Station 174c); and in 210 fathoms, deposit Coral Mud, containing 86’97 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (Station 174d). At the last three Stations trawlings and dredgings
were taken, the trawl being used in 255 and 610 fathoms, and the dredge in 210 fathoms.

Stations 173
and 173 a.

Stations 174
to 174d.

636

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 174
to 174o.

Animals from
Trawl and

lJREDOE.

At Station 174c. 610 fathoms, serial temperatures were taken down to the bottom. At
4.30 r.M. proceeded into Ngaloa Harbour, anchoring at 5.45 p.m. in 11^ fathoms.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl and
dredge at these Stations, the depth being indicated : —

Moxaxoxida (Ridley and Dcndy, Zool. pt. 59).

ChondrocIaA.Ua clavata, n.sp. Two specimens (610 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality. [Recorded in error from 140 fathoms].

Hex actin' ellid a (Schulze, Zool. pt. 53).

Tcegerxu pulehra, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (610 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
. locality. Only species of the genus.

Alcyonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Ccj'atoisis grandijlora, Studer. Several specimens (255, 610, and 210 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality. Recorded from Fiji.
Calyptrophoi'a japonica , Gray. One specimen (610 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Japan
and Bourbon.

*S7' neUa gigantea, n.sp. One specimen (210 to 610 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Acanthocyathus dentatus, n.sp. One specimen (210 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Crixoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Atelecnnus vyvillii, n.sp. One specimen (010 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Antedon irunsa, n.sp. Two specimens (255, 610, or 210 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 170 a.

,, tvberculata , n.sp. One specimen (255, 610, or 210 fathoms) ; obtained at
no other locality.

„ similis , n.sp. One specimen (255, 610, or 210 fathoms) ; obtained at no
other locality.

„ ocadta, n.sp. Three specimens (255, 610, or 210 fathoms); obtained at
no other locality.

i naqualis, n.sp. Five specimens (255, 610, or 210 fathoms); obtained
also at Stations 170a and 175 (?).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

637

Actinometra typica (Loven). One specimen (255, 610, or 210 fathoms) ; obtained Stations 174

to 1 7 4t>.

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Malacca, Jobie, Zebu, Fiji, and Kingsmill Islands.

,, stelligera, n.sp. Seven specimens (255, 610, or 210 fathoms — most
probably 210 or 255 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Tonga, Fiji,

Samoa, and Atagar.

,, parvicirra (Muller). One specimen (255, 610, or 210 fathoms) ;
for distribution, see the Cape.

Ofhiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiophyllum petilum, n.g., n.sp. (210 to 610 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 171. Only species of the genus.

Opkiactis nama, n.sp. (210 to 610 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 171.

Amphiura bellis, n.sp. (var. ?). (210 to 610 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 232 and 236. 345 to 775 fathoms.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Micropyga tuberculata, n.g., n.sp. (255, 610, or 210 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 204, 219, and Philippines, 100 to 150 fathoms.

Only species of the genus.

Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 39).

Synaptci challengeri, n.sp. Two specimens (210 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality. [Recorded in error from 140 fathoms].

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Praxilla Jcollikeri , n.sp. One specimen (210 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality. [Recorded in error from 140 fathoms].

Terebellides ehlersi, n.sp. One specimen (210 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

Myzostomida (Graff, Zool. pts. 27 and 61).

Myzostoma labiatum, n.sp. (On Antedon insequalis V).

„ echinus, n.sp. (On Antedon incisa or A. insequalis).

„ elongatum, Graff. (On Antedon occulta , A. similis, or A. tuberculata).

„ Jissum, n.sp. (On Antedon insequalis, A. occulta, A. similis, or
A. tuberculata).

(summary op results chall. exp. — 1893.)

81

638

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station-'
to 174d.

174 Myzostoma tenuisptnum, n.sp. (On Anteclon insequalis).

,, willemoesii , n.sp. (On Antedon insequalis).

Ostracoda (Bmdy, Zool. pt. 3).

Krithe producta, n.sp. (610 fathoms) ; widely distributed (see Station 70).
Xiphichilus (?) arcuatus, n.sp. (610 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pt. 48).

A returns spinifrons , n.sp. Two specimens (610 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).

Gnathophausia elegcins, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (610 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Macruka (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Pentacheles gracilis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (610 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Stereomastis auric (data, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (610 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Benthesicymus altus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (610 fathoms) ; for distribution

see Station 133.

Oplophcrus longirostris, n.sp. One specimen (610 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Nematocarcinus gracilis, n.sp. Two specimens (610 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 171.

,, paueidentatus, n.sp. One specimen (610 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

„ tenuirostris, n.sp. Two specimens (610 fathoms); obtained also

at Station 214, 500 fathoms.

A NOMURA (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Lyrridus tridentatus, De Haan. One specimen (210 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Port Jackson.

Muni/Li spijticordata , n.sp. One specimen (210 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

(Jnza dwdahi. n.g., n.sp. One specimen (610 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

639

Clathurella ( Daphnella ) compsa, n.sp. (210 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : —
Pennatulids and Lopliohelia from 255 fathoms ; two specimens of Willemoesia
[ = Pentcicheles] euthrix and small specimen of Maurolicus from 610 fathoms; small
urchin and Rcinina from 210 fathoms.

Excluding Protozoa, about 100 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at these Stations, belonging to about 50 species, of which 37 are new to science,
including representatives of 8 new genera ; 22 of the new species and 2 new genera were
not obtained elsewhere. From the deeper water (610 fathoms) about 40 specimens
were obtained, belonging to 23 species, of which 20 are new to science, including
representatives of 7 new genera ; 13 of the new species and 2 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

Willemoes-Suhm mentions a small specimen of Gnathophausia zoea, two specimens
of Wiuemcesia euthrix (a species which seems to vary very much as regards details of the
carapace), a very peculiar Peneid, not got before, the rami of which are flat and covered
with hairs on both sides, Ranina, Galathea, Syriapta with a few very small anchors,
Terebellid, and Clymene.

The following species of Pteropoda and Poraminifera were observed in the deposits
from these Stations (see also Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.) : —

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zook pt. 65). — From 140 fathoms (Station 174).

Limacina inflat a (d’Orbigny).

Foraminifera (Brady, Zook pt. 22). — From 610 fathoms (Station 174c); the pelagic
species, which make up about 50 per cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the deposit,
are marked thus x .

Biloculina depressa , d’Orbigny.

,, irregularis, d’Orbigny.

Spirolocidina acutimargo, Brady.

„ crenata, Karrer.

„ excavata, d’Orbigny.

Miliolina circularis (Bornemann).

„ oblonga (Montagu).

„ tricurinata (d’Orbigny).

Articulina conico-articulata (Batsch).
„ lineata, Brady.

Ophthalmidium inconstans, Brady.

Planispirina sigmoidea, Brady.

„ sp (?).

Cornuspira involvens, Reuss.

Orbitolites complanata, Lamarck.

Alveolina boscii, Defiance.

Hyperammina elongata, Brady.

,, ramosa, Brady.

Haplophragmium anceps, Brady.

,, emaciation , Brady.

,, globigeriniforme (Parker and

Jones).

„ latidorsatum (Bornemann).

Ammodiscus gordialis (Jones and Parker).

,, incertus (d’Orbigny).

Trochammina pauciloculata, Brady.

Stations 174
to 174d.

Organisms from
the Deposits.

640

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 174
to 174o.

'Prochammina ringens, Brady.

„ tml/issata, Brady.

Webbina clavata, Jones and Parker.

Texiularia wjglutinans , d’Orbigny.

Vcrruuilina spinulosa, Reuss.

Gaudryina pupoides, d’Orbigny.

„ siphondla , Reuss.

Btdimina convohita, Williamson.

Bolirina robusta , Brady.

„ toriuosa, Brady (?).

Cassidulina subglobosa , Brady.

Lagena acuta (Reuss).

,, apiculata, Reuss.

„ marginal a (Walker and Boys), var.

semimarginata , Reuss.

„ nrbignyana (Seguenza).

Nodosaria communis, d’Orbigny.

Cristdlaria cultmta (Montfort).

Uvigeriua asperula, Czjzek.

„ „ var. ampullacea, Brady,

x Globigerina sequilateralis, Brady,
x „ conglobata, Brady,
x „ dubia, Egger.

From 210 fathoms (Station 174d); the
cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the

Biload ina lmlloides , d’Orbigny.

„ dcpressa, d’Orbigny.

„ ehmgata , d’Orbigny.

„ irregularis, d’Orbigny.

„ ringens (Lamarck).

„ tubulosa, Costa.

Spirolondina armaria, Brady.

„ convexiuscula, Brady (?).

„ grata, Terquem.

„ tenuis (Czjzek).

Mdiolina semimdum (Linne).

„ tricarinata (d’Orbigny).
ii tri/pietra, Brady.

„ sp. (1).

Arifulina cot, ico-artiadata (Batsch).

„ funalis, Brady.

„ rub ata, Reuss.

/law rina rrmaluuima (Karrer).

ComuMpira foliacea (Philippi).

„ involve™, Reuss.

Pmrrojdi* pertusus (Forskal).

Pel o* ina rot ami ala, Brady (T).

Ilal by siphon sp. (Y).

x Globigerina inflata, d’Orbigny.
x ,, sacculifera, Brady,
x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.

Pullenia quinqueloba, Reuss.

Sphxroidina bulloides, d’Orbigny.
x ,, dehiscens, Parker and Jones,
x Catuleina nitida, d’Orbigny.

Cymbalopora poeyi (d’Orbigny).

Diacorbina orbicularis (Terquem).

Truncatulina dutemplei (d’Orbigny).

„ lobatula (Walker and Jacob).

„ ungeriana (d’Orbigny).

Anomalina grosserugosa (Giimbel).
x Pulvinulina crassa (d’Orbigny).
x ,, rnenardii (d’Orbigny).
x „ micheliniana (d’Orbigny).
x „ tumida, Brady.

Nonio7iina turgida (Williamson).

„ umbilicatula (Montagu).

Operculina complanata (Defrance), var.

granulosa, Leymerie.

Amphistegina lessonii, d’Orbigny.

pelagic species, which make up about 12 per
deposit, are marked thus x .

Ilyperammina friabilis, Brady ('?).

Marsipdla cylindrica, Brady.

Rhizammina algeeformis, Brady.

,, indivisa, Brady (?).

„ (?) sp.

Reophax diOlugiformis, Brady.

„ fusiformis (Williamson).

Haplophragmium agglutinans (d’Orbigny).

„ calcareum, Brady.

,, latidorsaium (Bornemann).

„ sp. (?).

Trochammiva squamata, Jones and Parker.

Webbina clavata, Jones and Parker.

Textularia gramen, d’Orbigny.

„ sagittula, Defrance, var. fistulosa, Brady.

„ trochus, d’Orbigny.

Vvmeuilina tqnnulosa, Reuss.

,, triquetra (Munster).

„ variabiMs, Brad}1, (?).

Tritaxia caperata, Brady.

„ indiscreta, Brady.

Bigenerina digit ata, d’Orbigny.

Clavidina communis, d’Orbigny.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

641

Clavulina cylindrica, Hantken.

,, parisiensis, d’Orbigny.

Bulimina aculeata, d’Orbigny.

„ afjinis, d’Orbigny.

„ ovata, d’Orbigny.

Bolivina robusta, Erady (?).

„ textilarioides, Reuss.

Cassidulina laevigata, d’Orbigny.

Ehrenbergina serrata, Reuss.

Lagena hzvis (Montagu) ('?).

„ striata (d’Orbigny).

„ sp. (?).

Nodosaria communis, d’Orbigny.

„ consobrina, d’Orbigny.

,, dbliqua (Linne).

„ pyrula, d’Orbigny.

„ raphanus (Linn6).

„ sp. (?).

j Rhabdogonium tricarinatum (d’Orbigny).

Marginulina glabra, d’Orbigny.

Vaginulina legumcn (Linne).

Cristellaria calcar (Linne).

„ cost ita (Fichtel and Moll).

„ crassa, d’Orbigny.

„ crepidula (Fichtel and Moll).
„ cultrata (Montfort).

,, ecliinata (d’Orbigny).

„ gernmata, Brady.

„ gibba, d’Orbigny.

,, italica (Defrance).

„ mamilligera, Karrer.

,, niticla, d’Orbigny.

„ orbicularis (d’Orbigny) (?).

„ papillosa (Fichtel and Moll).
„ s addalliana, Brady.

„ vortex (Fichtel and Moll).

Cristellaria sp. (1).

Uvigerina asperula, Czjzek.

„ „ var, ampullacea, Brady.

,, canariensis, d’Orbigny.

„ pygmsea, d’Orbigny.

Sagrina striata, Schwager.

Ramulina globulifera, Brady,
x Globigerina conglobata, Brady,
x „ rubra, d’Orbigny.

x ,, sacculifera, Brady,

x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.
x Hastigerina pelagica (d’Orbigny).
x Pulienia obliquiloculata, Parker and Jones.

„ quinqueloba, Reuss.

x Sphseroidina dehiscens, Parker and Jones,
x Cymbalopora ( Tre{omphdlus ) bulloides (d’Orbigny).
„ poeyi (d’Orbigny).

„ tabellseformis, Brady.

Discorbina rosacea, d’Orbigny.

Planorbulina larvata, Parker and Jones.

Truncatulina prmcinda (Karrer).

„ tenera, Brady (?).

„ ivuellerstorfi (Schwager) (1).

» SP- (?)-

Anomalina ammonoides (Reuss).

Pulvimdinu elegans (d’Orbigny).
x „ menardii (d’Orbigny).

„ procera, Brady,

x „ tumida, Brady.

Rotalia soldanii, d’Orbigny (1).

Calcarina spcngleri, Linne.

Tinoporus baculatus (Montfort V), Carpenter.

Polytrema miniaceum (Linne).

Nonionina umbilicatula (Montagu).

Amphistegina lessonii, d’Orbigny.

Heterostegina clepressa , d’Orbigny (1),

Surface Organisms. — August 2 was calm all day, and tow-nets were sent down to
20 fathoms, 40 fathoms, and 100 fathoms. From 20 fathoms many Foraminifera
(' Globigerina and Orbulina, nearly all with long spines) were obtained ; from 40 fathoms
the same, with the addition of one or two specimens of Pulvinulina menardii ; from
100 fathoms a good many more Pulvinidinse than from 40 fathoms. The Globigerina-
like body inside the Orbulina \ had sometimes spines attaching it to the inner surface of the
Orbulina shell, and sometimes not. Sometimes a protoplasmic mass could be seen between
the Globigerina and the Orbulina shell, and sometimes the protoplasmic matter was
entirely confined to the Globigerina shell. The sarcode of the Orbulina was crowded
with elongated “yellow cells” resembling those found in Eadiolaria. In addition there

Stations 174
to 174d.

Organisms from
the Surface.

642

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station* 174
to 174d.

were: Peridinium, orbular green Algae ( Halosphsera ?), Pyrocystis, Acanthometrae and
other Radiolarians, Siphonophorze in all stages with eggs, larvae of Holothurians,
larv.e of Aphroditaceans, Sag it to, Saphirina, Zoeae, Pteropods and larvae, Appcndicularia ,
S(d pa. On August 3 the tow-net was sent down to 20 fathoms, and produced many
< Lrilhitorinceae, the spherical green Algae (Halosphasra), Pyrocystis, Globigenna, Orbulina,
(no PulvinulinsB noticed), Sagitta, many Crustaceans, and Pteropods. In the stomachs
of the Salpse were many minute organisms, both siliceous and calcareous, two forms of
Rhabdospheres, one especially abundant, and many forms of Coccospheres.

Two sharks (male and female) were caught, belonging to the same species
(Cai charias lamia). About one of them were several specimens of Naucrates ductor ;
there were many sharks about at the time, so that there appears to be no truth in the
statement that Naucrates does not accompany sharks when there is more than one shark
present. In the female the ovaria were double, and the oviduct soon dilated into a very
large uterus on each side, each of which contained four young sharks about 2 feet in
length, all attached by an umbilical cord to a placenta.

At Fiji.

The Challenger Expedition remained in the vicinity of the Fiji Islands from
July 24 till August 11, 1874, visiting Matuku, Kandavu, and Ovalau (for description
of the Islands see Narr. Chall. Exp., vol. i. pp. 487-509). The following species are
recorded in the Zoological Reports as having been obtained in shallow water, on the reefs,
or on shore, during the visit : —

An imam 1 ROM

Fui.

Alcyonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. G4).

Ceratoisis undo, n.sp. A few broken specimens (Kandav u reefs — probably from

deep water) ; obtained at no other locality.

Calypterinus allmani, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (Fiji reefs — almost certainly from

deep water) ; obtained at no other locality. Only
species of the genus.

Acamptogorgia altemans, n.g., n.sp. (Kandavu reefs); obtained at no other

locality.

So rcopkytum glaucum, Quoy and Gaimard. (Off Kandavu) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

,, trocheliophorum, Marenzeller, var. auiboinense, nov. One specimen

(Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. The species recorded from Indian Ocean.

Rbsf Corals (Queloh, Zool. pt. 4G).

Stylophora prostvxta, Klun zinger. (Fiji reefs) ; obtained also at Tongatabu.

,, pxilmata (Blainville). (Kandavu and other reefs); obtained also at

Ternate. Recorded from Red Sea.

—

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

643

Seriatopora caliendrum, Ekrenberg. (Fiji reefs) ; obtained also at Philippines.

Recorded from Red Sea.

„ stellata, n.sp. One specimen (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, hystrix, Dana. Two specimens (Levuka) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

„ conferta, n.sp. Two specimens (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Pocillopora brevicornis , Lamarck. (Fiji reefs) ; obtained also at New Hebrides.

Galaxea explanata, n.sp. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ fciscicularis (Linnaeus). One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Mussa fistulosa, M. -Edwards and Haime. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

Cceloria dasdalina (Dana). Two specimens (Kandavu and other reefs) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

,, esperi, M. -Edwards and Haime. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

,, stricta, M. -Edwards and Llaime. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

Hydnopliora microconct (Lamarck). Several specimens (Kandavu and other reefs) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Astrsea versipora, Dana. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

,, danse (M. -Edwards and Haime). One specimen (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Goniastrsea cerium (Dana). (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Acanthastrsea irregularis, n.sp. One specimen (Kandavu); obtained at no other

locality.

Prionastrsea jlexuosa (Dana). (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

,, obtusata, M. -Edwards and Haime. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

„ quoyi , M. -Edwards and Haime. (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Plesiastrsea urvillei, M. -Edwards and Haime. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ indurata, Verrill. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Fiji.

644

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Fui.

1 'choscris obtnsata, u.g., n.sp. Two specimens (Fiji reefs); obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

Ayaricin reyiloris, n.sp. One specimen (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality.

St, phnnaria stellata , Verrill. (Kandavu) ; obtained also at Sandwich Islands.

Recorded from Panama and California.

Fuiigia con/erti/olia, Dana. (Fiji reefs); obtained also at Banda.

„ valida, Verrill. One specimen (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian Ocean.

I d actinia pilciformis (Dana). Two specimens (brought alongside by natives off

Kandavu).

,, galeri/ormis (Dana). Two specimens (brought alongside by natives off

Kandavu).

Dendrophyllia dia/phana, Dana. One specimen (Kandavu); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Madrepora runcata, Dana. One specimen and fragment (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

,, nobilis, Dana. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

,, robvsta, Dana. Two fragments (Kandavu and other reefs) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.
sccibrosa, n.sp. One specimen (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ scria ta (Elironberg). One specimen (Kandavu); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

,, hebes, Dana. Three specimens (Kandavu and other reefs) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

,, pocUlifeva, Lamarck. (Fiji reefs) ; obtained also at Tongatabu and

New Hebrides.

, lax a, Lamarck. One specimen (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

,, pustulosa, M. -Ed wards and Haime. One specimen (Levuka) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.
ramiculosa, Dana. One specimen (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other
locality b^ the Challenger.

,, con/raga, n.sp. One specimen (Kandavu — brought up in trammels at

auchorage) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ echinala, Dana. Two specimens (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

rosnna, Dana. Two specimens (Levuka); obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

645

Madrepora hyacinthus, Dana. One specimen (Levuka) ; obtained at no other Fiji.

locality by the Challenger.

,. conferta, n.sp. One specimen (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, vastula, n.sp. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality.

Turbinavia stellulata (Blainville). One specimen (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Anacroporci solidci, n.sp. Two fragments (Kandavu); obtained at no other locality.

Montipora palmata (Dana). (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

,, rubra (Quoy and Gaimard). Several specimens (Fiji reefs) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ levis, n.sp. (Fiji reefs) ; obtained also at Banda.

,, obtusata , n.sp. (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, foveolata (Dana). (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

,, caliculata (Dana). Fragment (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

,, scabricula (Dana). One specimen (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Porites crassistellata, n.sp. One specimen (Kandavu); obtained at no other locality.

„ arenosa (Esper). (Kandavu and other reefs) ; obtained also at Tongatabu,

Banda, and Tahiti.

,, crassa, n.sp. One specimen (Fiji reefs) ; obtained at no other locality.

Millepora gonagra, M.-Edwards and Haime. (Kandavu); obtained also at

Philippines and Tahiti.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Archaster typicus, Muller and Troschel. (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained also at

Station 200 and Philippines, reefs to 250 fathoms.
Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Choriaster granulatus, Liitken. (Off Kandavu) ; obtained also at Station 212,

10 fathoms. Recorded from New Zealand, Pelew, and
Fiji Islands.

Gymnasteria carinifera (Lamarck), Martens. Three specimens (Kandavu reefs) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Fromm milleporeUa (Lamarck), Gray. (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

(summary op results chall. exp. — 1893.) 82

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Fiji.

( >phidiaster cylinil ticus (Lamarck), Muller and Troscliel. (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Leiaster speciosus, Martens. (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Flores.

Linckia miliaris (Linck), Martens. (Kandavu reefs); obtained also at Philippines.

Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

„ pacifica , Gray, var. diplcux, (Muller and Troscliel). (Kandavu reefs) ;

obtained also at Tongatabu.

Acanihaster eckinites (Ellis and Solander), Liitken. (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained also

at Philippines. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Mithrodia clavigera (Lamarck), Perrier. (Kandavu reefs); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

Astcrias (Stolasterias) gemmi/era (Valenciennes, MS.), Perrier. (Kandavu reefs);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Chili.

Ophiuroilea (Lyman, Zool. pt, 14).

Peciimira gorgonia (Muller and Troscliel). (Fiji Islands) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

,, rigida, Lyman. (Fiji Islands — Levuka reefs ?) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger.

Ophioch&ta setosa, Liitken. (Fiji Islands); obtained at no other localit)r by the

Challenger.

Amphiura depressa (Ljungman) (?). (Fiji Islands, 6 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 233b, 15 fathoms.

(JphioTarris dubtc (Muller and Troscliel) (?). (Fiji Islands); obtained also at

Canaries (?) and Amboina.

OphoKoma 8colopendrina, Agassiz. (Fiji Islands); obtained also at Simon’s Bay,

Cape, Tongatabu, and Philippines.

Ophuyiiwstix can/ophyllata, Liitken. (Fiji Islands); obtained also at Philippines.

„ mtj-la , Liitken. (Fiji Islands); obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

Ojjftiolhrix longiprda (Lamarck). (Fiji Islands); for distribution see Tongatabu.

,, stelligeru, Lyman. (Fiji Islands); obtained also at Station 186, Arafura
Sea (?), and Philippines.

„ j/ropinqua, Lyman. (Levuka reefs); obtained also at Tongatabu (?)
and Philippines (?).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

647

Ophiothrix martensi, Lyman. (Fiji Islands, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other Fiji.

locality by the Challenger.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Echinothrix calamaris (Pallas). (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained also at Philippines and

Tahiti.

,, turcarum (Schynv.). (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained also at Sandwich

Islands.

Heterocentrotus mammillatus (Klein). (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Echinometra lucunter (Leske). (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained also at Tongatabu,

Philippines, Sandwich Islands, and Tahiti.

IPipponoe variegata (Leske). (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained also at Port Jackson and

Philippines.

Evechinus chloroticus (Val.). (Kandavu reefs); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Maretia plctnulata, Gray. (Levuka reefs); obtained also at Port Jackson and

Admiralty Islands.

Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 39).

Stichopus chloronotus, Brandt. Five specimens (Fiji Islands) ; obtained also at

Tongatabu.

Holothuria monacaria, Lesson. Two specimens (Fiji Islands); obtained also at

Ternate. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, impatiens, For skid. One specimen (Fiji Islands) ; obtained also at
Sandwich Islands. A widely -distributed, species.

,, vagabunda, Selenka. One specimen (Fiji Islands) ; obtained also at
Tongatabu and Philippines.

,, atr a, Jaeger. One specimen (Fiji Islands) ; obtained also at Station 177,

130 fathoms, and Amboina. A widely-distributed species.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Eurythoe pacifica, Kinberg, var. levuJcaensis, nov. (Levuka) ; the species obtained

also at Bermuda.

Psammolyce jijiensis, n.sp. One specimen (off Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality.

Palolo viridis, Gray. Several fragments (Fiji) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Navigator, Fiji, Samoa, and
New Hebrides Islands.

Fiji.

648 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stomatopoda (Brooks, Zool. pt. 45).

Protosquilla ccrebralis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Levuka reefs) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Thalassina scorpionoides, Latreille. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Stenopus hispid us, Olivier. (Kandavu) ; obtained also at Bermuda.

Btt&us malleodigitus, n.sp. One specimen (Levuka reefs) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Bithynis lar (Fabricius). Twenty-three specimens (Kandavu and Ovalau) ; obtained

also at Banda, Philippines, and Tahiti.

Oodeopus duplex, n.g., n.sp. (Fiji Islands) ; obtained also at New Hebrides and

Cape York.

A nomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Ccenobita rugosa, M. -Edwards. (Kandavu, shore); obtained also at New Hebrides,

Arrou Islands, Admiralty Islands, and Tahiti. Recorded
from Indo-Pacific region.

,, perlata, M. -Edwards. Two specimens (Kandavu, shore) ; obtained also at

New Hebrides. Recorded from Pacific Islands.

Catajxigui'us australis , n.sp. One specimen (Levuka reefs) ; obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Zozymus seneus (Linnfi). Two specimens (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Red Sea
and Mauritius to Polynesia.

Trajxzia guttata, Riippell, var. One specimen (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Red Sea.
,, arcolata, Dana, var. inernvis, M.-Edwards. One specimen (Kandavu) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Polynesia and Loo Choo.

Thalamitu culrnete (Herbst). One specimen (Levuka reefs) ; obtained also at

Tongatabu.

Qtrdioimna ram if ex (Herbst). One specimen (Kandavu); obtained also at

Admiralty Islands and Tahiti. Recorded from Oriental
region.

erratophthahna (Pallas). Several specimens (Kandavu); one specimen
(Matuku, fresh water) ; obtained also at Port Jackson,
Raiue Island, Philippines, and Sandwich Islands.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

649

Gelasimus vocans (Linne). One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained also at Arrou Fiji.

Islands.

„ annulipes, M.-Edwards. Several specimens (Kandavu) ; five specimens

(Matuku) ; obtained also at Philippines.

Euplax ( Chsenostoma ) boscii (Audouin). One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indo-
Pacific region.

Metopograpsus messor (Forskal), var, frontalis, nov. One specimen (Kandavu) ;

obtained also at Sandwich Islands and Tahiti. The
species recorded from Indo-Pacific region.

Geograpsus grayi (M.-Edwards). Two specimens (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indo-Pacific
region.

Pseudograpsus alb us, Stirapson. Twto specimens (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Helice latreillei, M.-Edwards, var. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained also at

Philippines. Recorded from Mauritius.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Tellina ( Angulus ) valtonis, Hanley. One specimen (Levuka, shallow water) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Original
locality unknown.

,, ( ,, ?) rhomboides, Quoy and Gaimard. (Levuka, 12 fathoms)

obtained also at Cape York. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

„ ( Arcopagia ) pretiosa , Desk ayes. (Levuka, shallow water) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Fiji
and Philippines.

M ( ?) tenuilirata, Sowerby. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained, also at

Port Jackson and Torres Strait.

„ ( ?) fijiensis, Sowerby. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Fiji and
Lord Flood’s Island.

,, ( ?) semen, Hanley. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 187, 6 fathoms, and Flinders Passage. Original
locality unknown.

Venus ( Chione ) marica, Linne. (Levuka, shallow water) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Fiji,
Philippines, Reunion, and Mauritius.

Fiji.

tol) THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

IVnUvS ( Clrione ) levukensis, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

localit3T.

Cythtroa ( Dionc ) phdippinarum, Hanley. (Levnka, 12 fathoms); obtained also

at Banda and Tahiti. Recorded from Philippines and
Marquesas Islands.

Circe sulcata, Gray. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 212,

10 to 20 fathoms.

„ cjonlom, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Cardium (Acanthocardium) sueziense, Issel. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Gulf
of Suez.

,, ( Bucardium ) australe , Sowerby. (Levuka, shallow water); obtained

also at Station 208, 18 fathoms. Recorded from Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

Lucina ( CodaJcia ) levukana, n.sp. Two valves (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

„ ( „ ) Jijiensis, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

,, ( Loripcs ?) gordoni, n.sp. Single valve (Levuka, 12 fa, thorns) ; obtained at

no other locality.

Cnjptodou rufolineatus, n.sp. Single valve (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Led' i micaiis, Adams. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from New Zealand.

. I rca (Burbatia) fusca, Bruguiere. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Indian Ocean and
Australia.

& pti/cr bil ocularis (Linne). (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

M g til us ruagellanicns , Chemnit z. One specimen (Kandavu) ; obtained also at

Kerguelen and Falklands.

Lima ( Ctcnoides ) tenera, Chemnitz. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

Scaphopoda and Gastkropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Dental l um tomatum , n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Siphodentalium dichelum, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

651

Trochus niloticus , Linne. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by the Fiji

Challenger. "Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, (Solctriella) lamprus, n.sp. One specimen (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality.

Cyclostrema, three species undetermined.

Turbo smciragdus (Martyn). (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained also at New Zealand.

„ ( Senectus ) chrysostomus, Linne. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Tongatabu and Torres Strait.

,, ( Lunella ) coronatus, var. granulcitus , Gmelin. (Kandavu, inhabited by

land-crabs) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

„ ( Bolina ) lapillus, Reeve. Two specimens (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Original
locality unknown.

Nerita albicilla, Linne. (Kandavu, inhabited by land-crabs) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

Murex ( Tribulus ) ternispina, Lamarck. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Red
Sea, China, and Philippines.

Purpura ( Thalessa ) pica, Plain ville. One specimen (Kandavu, some distance

inland, occupied by hermit-crab) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

Nassa agapeta, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ ( Niotha ) stigmaria , Adams. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 172.

„ ( Arcularia ) granifera (Kiencr). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indian Ocean and Tahiti.

,, ( Zeuxis ) levukensis, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

,, ( Hebra ) echinata, Adams. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines
and Andamans.

,, ( ,, ) muricata (Quoy and Claimard). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indian and Pacific Oceans.

sp. (?).

V

652 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Pisania ( Cantharus ) urtdosa (Linne). (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Iddian and
Pacific Oceans.

Columbella ( Mitrella ) albina, Kiener. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Fiji and
Philippines.

,, ( Pusiostoma ) mendicaria (Linne). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, (Zafra) troglodytes, Souverbie. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also

at Station 186, 8 fathoms, and Sandwich Islands.
Recorded from New Caledonia and Papua.

„ sp. (?).

Fasciolaria (La tints) strange i, Adams. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Mitra ( Scabricola ) crenifera, Lamarck. (Levuka., 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

„ ( „ ) sphserulata , Martyn. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Ticao,
Philippines, and Tahiti.

,, ( Cancilla ) cyri, Dohrn. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from New
Caledonia and Red Sea.

,, ( „ ) fdaris (Linne). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

,, ( „ ) interliratci, Reeve. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also at

Stations 172, 185b, and Arrou Islands.

,.(,,) verrucosa , Reeve. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Fiji, Ticao,
and Philippines.

., (Costilla na) amanda , Reeve. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also

at Station 186, 8 fathoms. Recorded from

Philippines.

,, ( ,, ) exasperata (Chemnitz). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by tin; Challenger. Recorded from
Indian Ocean (Africa to Malay Peninsula).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS. 653

Mitra ( Costellaria) fusiformis, Kiener. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no Fiji.

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines and Zanzibar.

„ ( ,, ) nodilirata, Adams (?). (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Original locality
unknown.

,, ( ,, ) radius, Reeve. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

,, ( Pnsia ) nodulifera, Adams. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Solomons
and Philippines.

„ ( Callithea ) okeliscus, Reeve. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from. Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

,, ( ,, ) granosa (Chemnitz). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines.

,, sp. (?). (Levuka, 12 fathoms).

Marginella sp. (?). (Levuka, 12 fathoms).

Pleurotoma marmorata, Lamarck. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 187 and 208, 6 and 18 fathoms. Recorded
from Australia, Moluccas, Philippines, and China.

,, monil if era (Pease). (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Sandwich Islands.

„ tigrina , Lamarck. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

,, ( Surcula ) brevicaudata, Reeve. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Torres Strait.

,, ( Mangelia ) nitens (Hinds). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from West
Pacific.

,, ( ,, ) levuJcensis, n.sp. One specimen (Levuka, 12 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality.

Terebra albomarginata, Deshayes. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, conspersa (Hinds). (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) S3

G54

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

K * i Terebra metadata (Linne). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and Pacific
Oceans. Fossil — shores of Red Sea.

,, muscaria, Lamarck. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and Pacific
Oceans.

,, straminea, Gray. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from West Pacific (Australia
to China).

,, ( Myurella ) amsena , Deshayes. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
China Sea.

„ ( ,, ) babylonia, Lamarck. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded fron Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

,, ( „ ) undulata, Gray. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 212, 10 t P 20 fathoms. Recorded from Torres
Strait, New Guinea, Malacca Strait, and Philippines.

Conus (Puncticidis) arenatus, Hwass. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other-

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

„ ( Lithoconus ) ehmicus, Hwass. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 212, 10 to 20 fathoms. Recorded from Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

,, ( Leptoconns ) vittatus, Hwass (?). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

, (Cylinder) textile, LinnA (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

Triton ( Cymatium ) tuber osus, Lamarck. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from West
Indies, and Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Ifanellet (Lampas) granifera , Lamarck. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no

other Ideality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian
Ocean and Australia.

( A ryobuccinum) pusilla, Broderip. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also
at Station 1 72 and Torres Strait.

Strvmlim (Canarium) gibberulus, Linne. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also at

Tongatabu.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

655

Strombus (Canarium) rugosus, Sowerby. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no Fiji.

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from East
Indies, Korea, and Philippines.

„ ( ,, ) rupellii, Reeve. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Red Sea.

,, ( Gallinula ) vittatus, Linne. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 203, 20 fathoms. Recorded from East Indies,
Philippines, Moluccas, and Australia.

Cyprsia microclon, Gray. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Natica pseustes, n.sp. (Levuka, shallow water) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, sp. (?). (Levuka, 12 fathoms).

Capulus (?) sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms).

A malthea acuta (Quo}?- and Gaimard). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia,

New Ireland, and Pacific Islands.

Tmrritella cingulifera, Sowerby. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 188,

28 fathoms, Torres Strait, and Amboina. Recorded from
East Indies, Torres Strait, and Fiji.

,, fascialis , Menke. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also at Torres Strait,

3 to 12 fathoms. Recorded from Fiji and Japan.

Pyramidella nodicincta, Adams. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

Odostomia, two species undetermined. (Levuka, 12 fathoms).

Eulima fallax , n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Cerithiopsis balteata, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, sp. (?). Levuka, 12 fathoms).

Cerithium baUeatum, Philippi. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Torres

Strait, 3 to 1 2 fathoms. Recorded from Torres Strait and
Philippines.

„ columna, Sowerby (?). One specimen (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, dubium, Sowerby. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 186

and Flinders Passage, 8 and 7 fathoms. Recorded from
Australia and Tasmania.

,, salebrosum, Sowerby. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Lord Hood’s
Island and Australia.

656

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Fiji

Cerithium phoxum, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, lessium, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, tuberculatum, Linne, var. variegatum, Quoy. (Kandavu, inhabited by

land-crabs).

,, ( Vertugus) asperum (Linn^). (Levuka) ; obtained also at Tongatabu.

Trifori; s levukensis, n.sp. (Levuka, 1 2 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Alaba (Stiliferina) striata, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Tahiti.

Planaxis sulcata (Born). (Matuku,. beach) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Barleeia imbricata, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Torres Strait and

Sandwich Islands, 3 to 40 fathoms.

Rissoina triticea, Pease. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

„ transenna, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Actaon Jlammeus (Gmelin). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 172

and 188.

,, (Buccinulus) cinereus, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

Bulla australis, Quoy and Gaimard. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Port

Jackson.

Atys cylindrical (Helbling). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and Pacific
Oceans.

„ debilis. Pease. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Sandwich Islands.

,, parallela , Gould (?). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Original locality unknown.

„ hyalin", n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 186 and 187,

8 and 6 fathoms.

„ (Dinia) dentifera, Adams. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 186,

8 fathoms. Recorded from Mauritius, Lord Hood’s Island,
and Polynesia.

UtricnluH famelicus, n.sp. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, (Torttatina) valuta (Quoy and Gaimard). (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Guam Island and Torres Strait.

„ sp. (?). (Levuka, 12 fathoms).

Cylichna cuticulifejxt (Smith). (Levuka, 12 fathoms); obtained also at Port

Jackson.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

657

Cylichna ( Mnestia ) bizona, Adams. (Levuka, 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other Fiji.

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Chinese and
Australian seas.

Neritina sp. (?). (Levuka, 12 fathoms).

Polyplacophora (Haddon, Zool. pt. 43).

Cryptoplax larvseformis, Rlainville. (Kandavu, shallow water) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Tongatabu and Philippines.

Nudibranchiata (Bergh, Zool. pt, 26).

Onchidium melanopneumon, n.sp. One specimen (Kandavu, shallow water) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Octopus vitiensis, n.sp. One specimen (Kandavu reefs) ; obtained at no other locality.

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 17).

Cynthia pallida, Heller. Two specimens (Kandavu) ; obtained also at the Cape.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pts. 6 and 78).

Serranus hexagowMus, Forster. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Plectropoma maculatum, Bl. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Mesoprion bengalensis, Bl. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

,, fulvifiamma, Forsk. (Kandavu and Levuka) ; obtained also at
Tongatabu.

„ marginatus, C.Y. (Levuka); obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

,, semicmctus (Quoy and Gaimard). (Levuka) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger.

Apogon savayensis, Gunther. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Therapon servus, Linne. (Kandavu and Levuka) ; obtained also at Cape York.

,, oxyrhynchus, Schleg. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Fiji.

65*

DuU's rnpestris . Lac. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ marginatus , C.Y. (Ovalau) ; obtained also at Sandwich Islands and Tahiti.

Din gramma par dale, C.V. (Ovalau); obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
,, pictum, Thuub. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

Scolopsis bilineatus, Bl. (Levuka and Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

„ temporalis, C.V. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

< Jerres oyena, Forsk. (Kandavu) ; obtained also at Tongatabu.

Lethrinus nebulosus, Forsk. (Levuka) ; obtained also at Cape York.

„ ramak, Forsk. (Levuka); obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
„ moensi, Bleeker. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

,, hasviatopterus, Schleg. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

Spfuerodon grandoculis, Forsk. (Kandavu) ; obtained also at Admiralty Islands.

Scorpccna Zanzibar ensis, Playfair. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Zanzibar.

Pterois zebra, C.V. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Synanceia verrucosa, Bl. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Clavtodon rafflesi, Benn. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
„ vagaibundus, Linnd. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

Jlolacanthus cyanotis, Giinther. (Kandavu); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

IPniochus macrolepidotus, Linne. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality b}^ the

Challenger.

Myripristis murdjan, Forsk. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Up<>ncus indicus, Shaw. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

I Tp< neouh -s vittalus, Forsk. (< ivalau); obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Percis hcxophthnlma, C. V. (Levuka); obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Plesiop .1 corallicola, Bleeker. (Levuka); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Caranx sjteciosus, Forsk. (Levuka) ; obtained also at Cape York.

Plata# orbicularis , Forsk. (Kandavu) ; obtained also at Admiralty Islands.

Pu tins argenteus, Linne. (Levuka); obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Eguula fasciola , I^ac. (Ovalau) ; obtained also at Station 203.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

659

Acanthurus triostegus, Linne. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

„ blochi, C.Y. (Ovalau) ; obtained also at Admiralty and Sandwich Islands.

„ gahm, Forsk. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

„ rhombeus, Kittl. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

Naseus marginatus , C.V. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Teuthis marmorata, Quoy and Gaimard. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

„ hexagonata, Bleeker. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

Gobius phalsena, C.Y. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Euctenogobius ophthahnonema (Bleeker). (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Eleotris macrolepidota, Bl. (Ovalau) ; obtained also at Mary River, Queensland.

„ fusee t, Bl. Schn. (Levuka) ; obtained also at Sandwich Islands and Tahiti.

,, longipinnis, Benn. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Periophthalmus Jcolreuteri , Pall. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Petroscirtes oualanensis, n.sp. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, sp. (?). (Ovalau).

Atherina lacunosa, Forst. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Pomacentrus scolopsis, Quoy and Gaimard. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Glyphid'odon xanthozonct, Bleeker. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

„ cissimilis, Gunther. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

Platyglossus trimacidatus, Quoy and Gaimard. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Jidis dorsalis, Quoy and Gaimard. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Chilinus trilobatus, Lac. (Levuka) ; obtained, at no other locality by the Challenger.
,, chlorurus, Bl. (Levuka) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Pseudoscarus nuchipunctatvs, C.Y. (Kandavu) ; obtained also at Hong Kong.

,, macrorhinus, Bleeker. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger.

Rhomboidichthys sp. (?). (Levuka).

Fr.ri.

660

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Fiji.

Orgasismh rtu m
.ScRfACB-NETK

Solea heterorhina, Bleeker. (Ovalau); obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Saurus iKtrius, Lac. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Bclone annulata, C.Y. (Kandavu, Levuka, and Ovalau); obtained also at Cape York.
Ilemirhamphns commersoni, Cuvier. (Kandavu); obtained also at Cape York.
Clupea tembang, Bleeker. (Kandavu and Levuka); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Mvijalops cyprinoides , Brouss. (Ovalau) ; obtained also at Mary River, Queensland.
Anguilla mauritiana, Benn. (Levuka, freshwater, and Ovalau) ; obtained also at

Queensland and Tahiti.

Mur ana polyuranodon , Bleeker. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Dorichthys b rachyurus, Bleeker. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Batiste# stellatus, Lac. (Kandavu) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
,, fuscus, Bl. Schn. (Kandavu); obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
„ acideatus, Linne. (Kandavu); obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Tetrodon immaculatus , Bl. (Ovalau) ; obtained also at Station 203.

Ostracion comutus, Linne. (Ovalau) ; obtained also at Botany Bay, Australia.

,, cubicus , Linne. (Ovalau) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Echeneis naucrates, LinnA (Kandavu) ; obtained also at St. Thomas.

In the foregoing list 338 species are enumerated, of which 52 are new to science,
including representatives of 5 new genera ; 44 of the new species and 2 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface in the
neighbourhood of the Kijis : —

Copefoda (Bradv, Zool. pt. 23).

Calanus gracilis, Dana.

Encalanus attenuatus (Dana).
Pleuromma aMominale (Lubbock).
Undina vulgaris, Dana.
Heterochmta spinifrons, Claus.
Levckartia Jlavicomis, Claus (?).
Scolccithrix dann: (Lubbock).
Temom dubia (Lubbock).

Euchseta prestand resc, Philippi.
Candace pachydactyla, Dana.

Candace truncata, Dana.
Calanopla elliptica, Dana.
Pontella plumata (Dana).
Corycums varius, Dana.

Copilia mirabilis, Dana.

Oncaja obtusa, Dana.

Saphirina ovalis, Dana.

,, iruequalis, Dana.

„ opalina, Dana.

Saphirinella stylifera (Lubbock).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

661

Schizopoda (Sars, ZooL pt. 37).

Euphausia gibba, n.sp.

„ pellucida, Dana.
Thysanopoda tricuspidata, M.-
Edwards.

Stylocheiron carinatum, n.g., n.sp.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Penseus canaliculatus, Olivier.
Lucifer reynaudii, M. -Edwards.
Thcdassocaris danse, n.sp.

„ stimpsoni, n.sp.
Caricyphus serramarginis, n.sp,

Pteropod a (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65).

Limacina infiata (d’Orbiguy).

„ lesueuri (d’Orbigny).

j. buiimoides (d’Orbigny).

Agadina stimpsoni, Adams [ = larval
Gasteropod].

,, n.sp. [ = larval Gasteropod].
Clio ( Creseis) acicula (Rang).

,, (. Hyalocylix ) striata (Rang).

,, ( Styliola ) subula (Quoy and

Gaimard).

,, pyramidata, Linne.

Cuvierina columnella (Rang).
Cavolinia quadridentata (Lesueur).

,, longirostris (Lesueur).

„ infiexa (Lesueur).

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).
Sepioteuthis lessoniana, Ferussac.

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Doliolum denticulatum, Quoy and
Gaimard.

„ chattengeri, n.sp.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books : — Peridinium (eleven
individuals counted in one chain), many specimens of Pyrocystis, green spherical Algse
[Halosphsera), Ethmodiscus and other Diatoms, Globigerina, Orbulma, Rotalia attached
to fragment of seaweed, several species of Radiolaria, yellow-haired Coelenterate larva of
Semper, several forms of oceanic Hydrozoa, many Echinoderm larvae, Sagitta, Alciopa,
Phronima, Hyperia, Oxycephalus, Squillid larvae, Phyllosoma and many larvae of the
higher Peneid and Caridid Decapoda, several species of small shells, Atlanta and
Pteropod shells sometimes very abundant, Theceurybia [ — Halopsyche] gaudichaudi,
Pteropod larvae, Salpa, Appendicularia, many small fishes (young Macrurids, young of
Maurolicus (?), and three very curious little fishes resembling Hooker’s figure of
Ostracion hoops in the British Museum Catalogue), and eggs of fish with embryos.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ Among a fine collection of Pteropods and Crustacea taken
in the tow-net on the night of August 11-12, wras a curious pigment larva, with a row
of long yellow hairs, and with thread-cells in its skin, which has been figured by Semper
as £ unbekannte Coelenteraten larve ’ in the Zeitschr. f wiss. Zool., Bd. xvii. pp. 407-
411, 1867.”

Fiji.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.)

S4

062

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 175.

Am mai/i moM
TlU Vu

Station 175 (Sounding 305), Fiji to Raine Island (see Chart 27 and
Diagram 13).

August 12, 1874 ; lat. 19° 5

l' ' S., long.

177° 10' E.

Temperature of air at noon,

73°’8 ; mean for the day, 75°'2.

Temperature of water

Surface, ....

77-5

600 fathoms,

38-9

50 fathoms, .

71-5

700 „

37-9

100 „ . . .

70-8

800 „

37-2

150 „ . . .

66-0

900 „

36-8

200

60-8

1000 „

36-4

250 „ . . .

54-2

1100 „

36-2

300 „ . . .

47 0

1200 „

36-0

400 „ . . .

42-0

Bottom,

36-0

500 „ . . .

40-0

Density at 60’ F. : —

Surface,

1-02647 |

200 fathoms,

. 1 02647

100 fathoms,

1-02664 !

Bottom,

. 1-02633

Depth, 1350 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 4443 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 6 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and got up steam to sound and trawl. Sounded
in 1350 fathoms. At 9 a.m. put trawl over. Obtained serial temperatures, and
samples of water for analysis from 100 and 200 fathoms, and bottom. At 3.20 p.m.
hove up trawl containing pumice-stones, a few specimens, and a piece of a branch
of a tree, about 3 feet long, carbonised (?) at the projecting points. Made all
plain sail.

Distance at noon from Api Island, New Hebrides, 574 miles. Made good 17 miles.
Amount of current 9 miles, direction S. 81° W.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Siphonophoile (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 77).

r>>]>h yoji.sis angustata (Esclischoltz). Obtained also at Stations 222 and 265 to 279.

(.‘rinoidka (Carpenter, Zool. pts. 32 and GO).

Prntacn nv. s naresiamtx, n.sp. Two fragments ; obtained also at Stations 170, 171,

210 (?), and 214.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

663

Antedon breviradia, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 170.

„ acutiradia, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, basicurva, n.sp. (?). Fragments; obtained also at Station 170.

„ insequalis, n.sp. (?). One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 170 and 174.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Opliiacantha placentigera, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiambix aculeatus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species of

the genus.

Ophiogeron edentulus , n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Station 76. Only species of

the genus.

Ophiohelus pellucidus , n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Isopoda (Beddard, Zool. pt. 48).

Janira abyssicola, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Macrttra (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Glyphocrangon acuminata, n.sp. Twenty-two specimens ; obtained at no other

locality.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : —
Minute starfish (young stage), fragment of worm, Patella- like shell and two small
Gasteropods.

Excluding Protozoa, about 50 specimens of invertebrates were obtained at
this Station, belonging to about 16 species, of which 11 are new to science, including
representatives of 3 new genera ; 6 of the new species and 1 new genus were not
obtained elsewhere.

Foraminifera (Brady, ZooL pt. 22). — The following species of Foraminifera were
observed during the examination of the deposit from this Station ; the pelagic species,
which make up nearly 80 per cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the deposit, are
marked thus x : —

Biloculina depressa, d’Orbigny.

,, „ var. murrhyna, Schwager.

Miliolina auberiana (d’Orbigny).

„ venusta (Karrer).

Rhabdammina abyssorum, Sars,

Reophax nodtdosa, Brady.

Haplupliragmium glomeratum , Brady.
Textularia quadrilatera, Schwager.

Bulimina contraria (Reuse).

„ subteres, Brady.
Bolivina Icarreriana, Brady.

„ nobilis, Hantken,
Cassidulina subglobosa, Brady.
Chilostomella ovoidea , Reuss.
Lagena Jimbriata, Brady.

„ Imigaia (Reuss).

Station 175. ,

Organisms from
the Deposit.

664

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Statics 175.

ORGANISMS FROM
StKrACK-NrrK.

Statiox 176

Lagrna atdligera, Brady.

Nodonaria murrouata (Neugeboren).

Uvigerina asperula, Czjzek.
x Globigrrina mpukderdUs, Brady,
x „ ImlloiJe *•, d’Orbigny.
x „ „ var. triloba, Reuss (?).

x „ conglobata, Brady,

x „ dubia, Egger.

x ,, inflata, d’Orbigny.

x „ rubra, d’Orbigny.

x „ sacculi/era, Brady,

x Orbulina unit'ersa, d’Orbigny.
x Pullenia obliquiloctdata, Parker and Jones.

„ quinqneloba, Reuss.

„ spbxroides (d’Orbigny).

Sphearoidina bulloides, d’Orbigny.
x „ dehiscens, Parker and Jones,
x Candeina nitida, d’Orbigny.

Truncatulina vmellerstorji (Schwager).

„ sp. (?).

x Pulvinulina canariensis (d’Orbigny).
x „ crassa (d’Orbigny).

„ elegans (d’Orbigny).

„ farms, Brady,

x „ menardii (d’Orbigny).

x „ micheliniana (d’Orbigny).

x „ tumida, Brady.

,, umbonata, Reuss.

Nonionina umbilicatula (Montagu).

August 13, 14, 1874.

Surface Organisms. — On these dates the tow-net was used several times, but never
far below the surface, the following being procured : — Spherical Algae (Halosphsera),
Ethmod'scus and other Diatoms, Pyrocystis, Globigerina, Orbulina, Radiolaria,
E< hinoderm larvae, Sagitta, many Copepods (especially Saphinna), Phronima,
1 1 yp<- ria , Lucifer, Zoeae and many larval Crustacea, larval Lamellibranchs, Atlanta ,
Styliola . Heterofusus [ = Limacina], and many other pelagic shells, small Cephalopods
( Cranchia , Ac.), Salpa, and small fish. From the stomach of a Salpa were obtained
many Rhabdospheres and Coccospheres of various forms, a number of small Radiolaria
and other siliceous organisms, and a single Diatom.

It may be remarked that in examining the deposit from 1350 fathoms (Station 175)
not single shell of Pteropods, Atlanta, or other pelagic Molluscs, was observed, although
theyoceurrcd in the tow-netsatthe surface in much greater abundance than the Foraminifera,
which latter made up about 80 per cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the ooze.

Station 170 (Sounding 306), Fiji to Raine Island (see Chart 27 and
Diagram 13).

August 15, 1874 ; lat. 18° 30' S., long. 173° 52' E.
Temperature of air at noon, 75°-5 ; mean for the day, 75°'4.
Temperature of water : —

Surface,

26 fathoms,
50 „

75 „

100 „

126 „

150 „

77*5
760
75-2
72-9
69-7
67-0
64 0

175 fathoma,

200

300

400

500

1 1

ft

Bottom,

610
56 8
45-2
41 8
40-3
36-2

• ■

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

665

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 '02636 ; bottom, 1 '02621.

Depth, 1450 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 62'41 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits ChalL Exp.).

At 8 a,m. got up steam. At 9.20 a.m. shortened and furled sails, proceeded
under steam, and sounded in 1450 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures down to
500 fathoms. At 11 a.m. completed observations and proceeded. The carbonic acid
was determined in bottom water, and amounted to 45 '9 milligrammes per litre. A
gannet and a tern were observed, and a dark coloured bird was also reported, but
birds were rarely observed from the ship.

Api Island distant at noon, 340 miles. Made good 76 miles. Amount of current
22 miles, direction W.

The following species are recorded in error from this Station ; they evidently came
from the next Station (177) : —

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, ZooL pt. 14).

Ophioglypha undata , n.sp.
Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).
Nematocarcinus productus, n.sp.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pts. 30 and 50).

Salicornaria malvinensis, Busk.
Retepora margaritacea, n.sp.
Crisia elongata, M. -Edwards.

Surface Organisms. — The following species is recorded from the surface in this
locality : —

Fishes (Giinther, Zool. pt. 78).

Exocoetus naresii , n.sp. One specimen (came on board ship on August 16, 1874).

This specimen came in at one of the ports while the ship was going
at the rate of 7 or 8 knots, and nearly all the scales were off.

Station 177 (Sounding 307), off Api Island, New Hebrides (see Chart 27).

August 18, 1874 ; lat. 16° 45' S., long. 168° 1’ E.

Temperature of air at noon, 75°'3 ; mean for the day, 7 5°'3.

Temperature of water at surface, 78° *7.

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 '02624.

Depth, 130 fathoms; deposit, Volcanic Sand, containing 13'14 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

Station 176.

Organisms from
the Surface.

Station 177
(Api).

666

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

An.

Avuulb prom
A?t.

At 8 a.m. got up steam. At 9 a.m. shortened and furled sails, proceeded under
steam, and sounded in 130 fathoms. Steered towards a landing place on Api Island.
At 10 a.m. stopped off the edge of the reef in 25 fathoms. Lowered boats, cutter and
two whalers, and sent them on shore with the natives brought from Levuka. At
12.30 p.m. landed officers and naturalists. Dredged off the edge of the fringing coral
reef in G3 fathoms, 125 fathoms, and 70 fathoms. In the haul from 125 fathoms the
dredge was filled with the deposit, and in the hauls from 63 and 70 fathoms the
dredge and swabs brought up many specimens. At 4 p.m. boats returned with officers
and naturalists, and at 4.30 p.m. made all plain sail. Made good 69 miles.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports as having been obtained
in the dredge in the vicinity of Api Island, New Hebrides : —

Keratosa (Polejaeff, Zool. pt. 31).

Hij'pospongia mauritiana (Hyatt). Three specimens (60 to '70 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.

Cacosponyia spini/era, n.sp. One specimen (130 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

„ intermedia , n.sp. One specimen (130 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality.

Lvffaria variabilis, n.sp. One specimen (60 to 70 fathoms) ; obtained also at Tahiti.

Monaxonida (Ridley and Dendy, Zool. pt. 59).

Halichondria solida, n.sp., var. nigosa, nov. One specimen (60 to 70 fathoms);

the species obtained also at Tahiti.

lUiizochalina pedunculata , n.sp. One specimen (60 to 70 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

Tetp.actinellida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

A mphius hvuleyi , n.g., n.sp. One specimen (60 to 70 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality. Only species of the genus.

T /trombus challengcri, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (130 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality. Only species of the genus.

AlcyOHARIa (Wright and Studer, Zool. pts. 64 and 81).

Villogorgia intricata (Gray). One specimen (63 to 130 fathoms); obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Bass Strait.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

667

Scirpearella profunda, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (130 fathoms); obtained at no An.

other locality.

„ gracilis, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (130 fathoms) ; obtained at no
other locality.

Melitodes nodosa, n.sp. Several fragments (63 to 130 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 232, 345 fathoms.

Siphonogorgia pustulosa, n.sp. Two specimens (63 to 130 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

Lobophytum marenzelleri, n.sp. One specimen (60 to 70 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Antipatharia (Brook, Zool. pt. 80).

Aphanipathes sarothamnoides , n.g., n.sp. (63 to 130 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Rhizotrochus fragilis, Pourtales (?). Fragment (50 to 125 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Station 142.

Neohelia porcellana, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens (63 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality. Only species of the genus.

Reef Corals (Quelch, Zool. pt. 46).

Pocillopora brevicornis, Lamarck. Obtained also at Fiji.

Goniastrsea laxa, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Cyphastrsea aspera, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality,

Pavonia decussata, Dana. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Madrepora pocillifera, Lamarck. Obtained also at Tongatabu and Fiji.

,, millepora (Ehrenberg). One specimen ; obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger.

,, minima, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Montipora grandifolia (Dana). Two fragments ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Porites parvistellata, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

„ tenuis , Verrill. Obtained also at Sandwich Islands.

Hydroida (Allman, Zool. pt. 70).

Lictorella cyathifera, n.g., n.sp. (63 to 130 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

668

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

A pi.

Ophiuroipea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha undata , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. [Recorded in error from

Station 176, 1450 fathoms].

Ophiothi'ix purpurea, Martens (?). (63 fathoms) ; obtained also at Banda.

IIolothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 39).

Synapta beseiii, Jaeger. A few specimens (130 fathoms); obtained also at Amboina,
Philippines, and Tahiti. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Holothu/ria atra, Jaeger. One specimen (130 fathoms) ; obtained also at Fiji and
Amboina.

Macbura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Pcmeus gracilis, Dana. (Surface ?) ; obtained also at Port Jackson.

Ilemipenmis tomentosus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (130 fathoms); obtained also

at Station 200, 250 fathoms.

Sergestcs ancylops, Kroyer. One specimen (surface ?) ; obtained also in North

Pacific. Recorded from Greenland.

Lucifer reynaudii, M.-Edwards. (Surface ?) ; a widely-distributed species.
Xematocarcinus productus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 195,

205, and 237, 1050 to 1875 fathoms. [Recorded in
error from Station 176, 1450 fathoms].

Oodeopus armatus , n.g., n.sp. (Surface?) ; obtained also at Cape York.

„ duplex, n.g., n.sp. (Surface ?) ; obtained also at Fiji and Cape York.

A.nomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Canobita rvgosa, M.-Edwards. (Shore) ; obtained also at Fiji, Arrou, Admiralty,
and Tahiti Islands.

„ perlata, M.-Edwards. One specimen (shore) ; obtained also at Fiji.
Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Epigrapsus politus, Ileller. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Nieobars and Polynesian
Islands.

Sesarm a (TJolometopus) avbryi, M.-Edwards. Many specimens (shallow water);

obtained also at Arrou and Admiralty Islands.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Xu dm ( Xeverita ) albumen (Linne). (Shore) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

669

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pts. 30 and 50).

Salicornaria malvinensis, Busk. For distribution see Station 145. [Recorded in

error from Station 176, 1450 fathoms].

Retepora margavitacea, n.sp Obtained at no other locality. [Recorded in error

from Station 176, 1450 fathoms].

Crisia elongata, M. -Edwards. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

[Recorded in error from Station 176, 1450 fathoms].

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 6).

Gobius genivittatus, C.Y. (Fresh water).

Sicydium sp. (?), fry. (Fresh water).

Two small fishes are recorded also from the dredgings.

In the foregoing list 48 species are enumerated, of which 24 are new to science,
including representatives of 8 new genera ; 19 of the new species and 3 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

Station 178 (Sounding 308), Fiji to Raine Island (see Chart 27 and Diagram 13).

August 19, 1874 ; lat. 16° 47' S., long. 165° 20' E.
Temperature of air at noon, 76°*8 ; mean for the day, 76°‘5.

Temperature of water

: —

Surface, .

: . 79-0

600 fathoms,

38-5

50 fathoms, .

76-0

700 „ . .

38-0

100 „

71-5

800

37-4

150 „

65-0

900

36-8

200 „

57-0

1000

36-3

250 „

51-5 '

1100

35-8

300

47-5

1300

35-8

400 „

42-3

1500

35-8

500

40-0

Bottom,

35-8

Density at 60° F. : —

Surface, .

. 1-02621

100 fathoms,

. 1-02673

50 fathoms,

. 1-02625

200 „

. 1-02636

Depth, 2650 fathoms;
(summary of results chall.

deposit, Red Clay.

EXP.— 1893.)

G70

Til E VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 178.

Organisms prom
Suh pace- Nets.

Station 179.

At 1 p.m. got up steam. At 1.15 p.m. shortened and furled sails, proceeded under
steam, and sounded in 2650 fathoms. Took serial temperatures down to 1500 fathoms.
At 4.30 p.m. completed observations, and at 5 p.m. made sail.

lvaiue Island distant at noon, 1286 miles. Made good 149 miles. Amount of
current 2 miles, direction S. 64° W.

Surface Organisms. — Several tow-nets were lost or torn ; the following were, how-
ever, observed : — Periclinium, many Globigerinae, Sagitta, many Crustaceans, Pteropods
and Pteropod larvae, S'tlpx. The stomach of a Salpa contained 'many Rhabdospheres,
a few Coccospberes, many Acanthometrae, and one or two Coscinodisci. The screw was
takeu up and found to be covered with Sertularia, Tubularia, and barnacles.

Station 179 (Sounding 309), Fiji to Raine Island (see Chart 27 and Diagram 13).

August 21, 1874 ; lat. 15° 58' S., long. 160° 48' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 78°‘8 ; mean for the day, 77°‘3.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

790

900 fathoms,

37-7

100 fathoms,

711

1000 „

36-8

200 „

55-5

1100 „

36-4

300 „ . .

45-2

1200

36 0

400 „

41-6

1300

36-0

500 „

40 0

1400 „

36 0

600 „ . .

389

1500

36-0

700 „ .

38-3

Bottom,

36-0

800 „ . .

37*7

Density at 60° F.: —

Surface,

1 -02634

300 fathoms,

. 1 02614

100 fathoms,

1-02667

400 „

. 1-02591

200 „ . .

1-02619

Bottom,

.

. 1-02594

Depth, 2225 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 32‘29 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 10 a.m. got up steam. At 11.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails. At noon pro-

0 • led under steam, and at 1 p.m. sounded in 2325 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures
down to 1500 fathoms, also specimens of water for analysis. The carbonic acid was

1 termined in water from 200 fathoms, and amounted to 44‘4 milligrammes per litre.
At 3 p.m. completed observations, and at 3.20 p.m. made all plain sail.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

671

Ptaine Island distant at noon, 1012 miles. Made good 133 miles. Amount of current
10 miles, direction N. 84° E.

Foraminifera (Brady, Zool. pt. 22). — The following species of Foraminifera were
observed during the examination of the deposit from this Station ; the pelagic species,
which make up about 84 per cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the deposit, are
marked thus x : —

Biloculina depre-ssa, d’Orbigny.

„ „ var. muirhyna, Scbwager.

Miliolina seminulum (Linne).

„ venusta (Karrer).

Hyperammina vagans, Brady.

Reophax nodulosa, Brady.

Haplophragrnium latidorsatum (Bornemann).

Ammodiscus gordialis (Jones and Parker).

„ incertus (d’Orbigny).

Trochammina galeata, Brady.

Textularia agglutinans, d’Orbigny.

Verneuilina pygmsea (Egger).

Gaudryina pupoides, d’Orbigny.

Gassidulina crassa, d’Orbigny.

„ subglobosa, Brady.

Ehrenbergina hystrix, Brady.

„ serrata, Reuss.

Lagena apiculata, Reuss.

„ auriculata, Brady.

„ crenata, Parker and Jones.

„ desmophora, Rymer Jones.

„ exsculpta , Brady.

,, favoso-pundata, Brady.

„ formosa, Schwager.

,, globosa (Montagu).

„ gracilis, Williamson.

„ gracillima (Seguenza).

„ Ixvi.s (Montagu).

,, longispina, Brady.

„ marginata (Walker and Boys).

„ orbignyana (Seguenza).

„ quadricostulata, Reuss (?).

„ seminuda, Brady.

„ semistriata, Williamson.

„ staphyllearia, Schwager.

Lagena stelligera, Brady (1).

„ striata (d’Orbigny).

,, striatopundafa, Parker and Jones.

,, sulcata (Walker and Jacob).

„ truncata, Brady.

Nodosaria communis, d’Orbigny.

Crist ellaria acutauricularis (Fichtel and Moll).

Polymorphina angusta, Egger.

TJvigerina asperula, Czjzek.
x Globigerina eequilateralis, Brady,
x ,, conglobata, Brady,

x „ digitata, Brady,

x ,, dubia, Egger.

x „ inflata, d’Orbigny.

x „ sacculifera, Brady,

x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.
x Hastigerina pelagica (d’Orbigny).
x Pullenia obliquiloculata, Parker and Jones.

,, quinqueloba, Reuss.

„ splicer aides (d’Orbigny).

x Sphs&roidina delmcens, Parker and Jones.

Truncatidina pygmsea, Hantken.

„ wuellerstorfi (Schwager).
x Pulvinulina crassa (d’Orbigny).

,, exigua, Brady.

,, favus, Brady,

x „ menarclii (d’Orbigny).

x „ micheliniana (d’Orbigny).

x „ patagunica (d’Qrbigny).

x „ tumida, Brady.

„ umbonata, Reuss.

Rotalia soldanii, Reuss.

Nonioninci pompilioides (Fichtel and Moll).

,, umbilicatula (Montagu).

Surface Organisms. — The following were taken in the tow-nets at the surface and
down to 40 fathoms : — Peridinium, Pyrocystis , Diatoms, Globigerina, Orbulina,
Pulvinulina, Acanthometra, Medusae, Diphyes and allied forms, Sagitta, Alciopa,
larval Aphroditaceans, Sapid rina and other Copepods, and other Crustaceans, larval

Station 179.

Organisms from

THE llEPOSIT.

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

672

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

s ' 17 I.iinx llihrauch and other shells, Heteropoda (Atlanta), Appendicularia. One thick-
du lied Orbulina was quite filled with sarcode of a yellowish colour, in which were many
greenish and reddish coloured cells, like the yellow bodies in Radiolaria. The sarcode of
1 1 ie ( rlobigeriiur had, in addition to yellow granular matter, many cells of a greenish
tinge, rounder and smaller than those in Orbulina, as well as many orange coloured oil-
glnbules. The ondochrome of Pyrocystis and Etlimodiscus had a yellowish or greenish
tinge, and was very similar in both species.

August 22, 23, 1874.

< )n these dates stormy petrels and larger birds like puffins were seen, while boatswain
birds hovered over the ship at a great height, and a flock of sea-birds about the size
of terns were noticed at some distance from the ship. On the evening of August 22
a specimen of Sula ptiscator alighted on the cutter and was caught ; in its stomach was
found a specimen of Ommastrephcs oualaniensis (see Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface on

August 23 : —

Amthipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).
Scind comigera (M.-Edwards).

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Sergestes rinkii, Kroyer.

Oodeopus serratus, n.g., n.sp.

#

-TATI -, i-c Station 180 (Sounding 310), Fiji to Raine Island (see Chart 27 and Diagram 13).

August 24, 1874 ; lat. 14° 7' S., long. 153° 43' E.
Temperature of air at noon, 77 J ‘8 ; mean for the day, 7 6° '6.

Temperature of water :

Surface, .

80-0

50 fathoms,

75-4

100 „

72-8

150 „

618

200 „

53-5

250 „

48-5

300 „

45-5

350 „

43-2

400 „

41-5

450 „

405

500 „

0

3D -6

600 fathoms,

38-8

700 „

38-3

800 „

37-8

000 „

37-3

1000 „

368

1100 „

36-4

1200 „

36-0

1300 „

36-0

1400 „

36-0

1500 „

360

Bottom,

36-0

SUMMARY" OF RESULTS.

Density at 60° F. : —

Surface,

. 1-02611

300 fathoms, .

. 1-02603

100 fathoms,

. 1-02676

400 „

. 1-02630

200 „

. 1-02603

Bottom,

. 1-02601

Depth. 2450 fathoms ; deposit, Red Clay, containing about 1 percent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 6 a.m. shortened and furled sails and got up steam. At 7 a.m. sounded in
2450 fathoms. At 8 a.m. obtained serial temperatures down to 1500 fathoms. At
10 a.m. completed observations, and at 10.20 a.m. made all plain sail. The carbonic
acid was determined in bottom water, and amounted to 43 ‘4 milligrammes per litre.

Raine Island distant at noon, 579 miles. Made good 138 miles. Amount of current
7 miles, direction N. 44° W.

Surface Organisms — The following were taken in the tow-nets sent down to about
20 fathoms : — Pyrocystis , Globigerina, Orbidina, Pullenia, Pulvinulina menardii,
Acanthometra, many forms of Siphonophorse, Echinoderm larvae, Sagitta, Alciopa and
other Annelids, Aphroditacean larvae, larvae of Balctnoglossus, Cypridina , Saphirina,
many Crustaceans and larvae, larval Lamellibranchs, Atlanta, Pteropods and larvae, small
blue Salpse, AppmdAcidciria. The sarcode in Pullenia was bright red, sometimes
surrounding the shell, and in one case a Coscinodiscus was noticed in it.

Station 181 (Sounding 311), Fiji to Raine Island (see Chart 27 and Diagram 13).

August 25, 1874 ; lat. 13° '50' S., long. 151° 49' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 78°\3 ; mean for the day, 7 7° ’2.

Temperature of water at surface, 80o,0 ; bottom, 3 5° ‘8.

Density at 60 F. at surface, 1 '02649 ; bottom, 1 '02591.

Depth, 2440 fathoms ; deposit, Red Clay, consisting of two layers, the upper
containing 6' 42 and the lower 32 '28 per cent, of carbonate of lime (see
Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 11 a.m. got up steam. At 11.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails and proceeded
under steam to sound and trawl. At 1 p.m. put trawl over, and veered 3000 fathoms.
At 2 p.m. sounded in 2440 fathoms. The carbonic acid was determined in water from the
surface, and amounted to 35 '6 milligrammes per litre. At 5 p.m. commenced heaving
in trawl, which came up at 7.45 p.m. with a few specimens and some pumice-stones

Station 180.

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

Station 181.

674

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 181.

Animals from
Trawl.

At 8 p.m. made sail. Stormy petrels, boatswain birds, gannets, and a large flock of
birds, probably terns, were observed.

Raine Island distant at noon, 480 miles. Made good 99 miles. Amount of current
18 miles, direction S. 74° W.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at
this Station : —

Pknnatulida (Kblliker, Zool. pt. 2).

Umbellula leptocaulis, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Antipatharia (Brook, Zool. pt. 80).

Bathy pathos lyra, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 246,
205.0 fathoms.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Bathyactis symmetrica (Pourtales). For distribution see Station 24.

Sipuonopiiora: (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 77).

Disconalict gastr oblast a, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Freyella remex, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pit. 52).

Benthcsicymus brasiliensis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 168,

173, 184, 285, and 323.

Acanthephyra sica, msp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 40, 159, 168,

169, 170, 194, 230, 235, and 318.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44). f

Cirroteutkis pocifica, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Fishes (Oiinther, Zool. pt. 57).

Typhlonus nanus , n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 198,

2150 fathoms. Only species of the genus.

Parhystomuis microdon, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Tin- Station -book records also : flyalonema spicules and a Polyp (?) on pumice-stone.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

675

§ Excluding Protozoa, about 20 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 12 species, of which 9 are new to science, including
representatives of 5 new genera ; 5 of the new species and 1 new genus were not
obtained elsewhere.

The specimen of Pachystomias microdon had one club-shaped spot of a rose colour
directly below the eye, another a little above and in front of the eye, the latter about
half the size of the former ; these spots became yellow in spirit. The two rows of
phosphorescent dots on the body were red with a circle of very pale violet ; these became
white in spirit. No trace of an eye could be observed in Typhlonus, but a dark spot was
to be seen far beneath the skin behind the nostrils ; the body of the fish was white, the
fins black ; all the scales were off, with the exception of one or two, which were of a
dark colour.

Surface Organisms.— The following species are recorded from the surface in this
locality (August 25, 26) : —

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Halocypris atlantica, Lubbock.

,, brevirostris, Dana.

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt 23).

Calanvus gracilis , Dana.

Eucalanus attenuatus (Dana).

Pleurornma abdominale (Lubbock).

Undina darwinii , Lubbock.

,, vulgaris, Dana.

Scolecithrix danse, (Lubbock).

Temora dubia (Lubbock).

Euchseta prestandrese , Philippi.

„ hessei, n.sp.

,, australis, n.sp.

Candace truncata, Dana.

,, pectinata, Brady.

Setella gracilis, Dana.

Pontella acutifrons (Dana).

,, plumata (Dana).

Corycseus varius, Dana.

,, venustus , Dana.

Copilia mirabilis, Dana.

Oncsea obtusa, Dana.

Saphirina ovalis, Dana.

,, insequalis, Dana.

„ serrata, n.sp.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Paraphronimoj cuivis, n.sp.

Phronima megcdodous, n.sp.
Phorcorrhaphis sp. (?).

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).

Ceratolepis hamata, n.g., n.sp.1
Euphausia pellucida, Dana,

,, gracilis, Dana.
Thysanopoda tricuspidata, M.-
Edwards.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65).

Limacina injlata (d’Orbigny).

„ bulimoides (d’Orbigny).

Clio ( Creseis ) virgula (Kang).

Station 181.

Organisms prom
Surface-Nets.

1 Sars is doubtful whether th is specimen came from the surface ; it is more like a deep-sea species.

THE VOYAGE OF

H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

<>7<;

Statiox 181

Clio (Crew is) acicida (Rang).

„ ( Hyalocylix ) striata (Rang).

,, (Styliola) subula , Qnoy and
Gaimard.

,, chaptali (Souleyet).

Cuvierina columnella (Rang).

Carol i /< ia trispinosa (Lesueur).

„ quadridentata (Lesueur). -
,, longirostris (Lesueur).

„ inflexa (Lesueur).

Cleodora compressa, Souleyet ( = young
of Cavolinia trispinosa).

Tunrjata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Salpa cordiformis-zonaria, Quoy
and Gaimard — Pallas.

,, cylindrica, Cuvier.

,, runeinata- fusiformis, Cliamisso

— Cuvier.

Appendicularia sp. (?).

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books: — Pyrocystis, Peridinium
in chains, Oscillatoriacese, Foramiuifera ( Globigerina in prodigious numbers, and
Orbulina), Acanthomctra and other Radiolaria, small Actinian (. Nautactis ), Dipkyes and
othei Siphunophorae, Sagitta, Annelid larvae (Aphroditacean), Cyllopus , Oxycephalus,
Rhabdosoma, Hyperia, Squillid larvae, Sergestes, Lucifer, Phyllosoma, young Caridids,
Zoeae, Megalopse, larval Lamellibranchs, Atlanta, Pterotrachea, Macgillivraya,
Th‘ ceunybio [ = llalopsyche] gaudichaudi with larvm, small Cephalopod and cuttle-
fidi eggs in strings, Pyrosoma, young fishes (Pleuronectids, Leptocephalids, and
•^copelids). The otter trawl was towed for some time from the lower boom ; it was
never far beneath the surface, and when hauled in was found to contain a mass of jelly-
like matter with strings of red spots, which turned out to be the eggs of a Cephalopod.
Sewnil sharks were seen, and one was caught, apparently belonging to the same species
as thost taken on July 14 and August 3 [Carcharias lamia).

Willeinoes-Suhm writes : “ On the surface the animals were as plentiful as we found
them north and south of the equator in the Atlantic. Halobatcs and Phyllirhoe have
not 1 en observed, whereas the transparent Pleuronectid® have made their appearance,
of which, besides the common form, there is another distinguished by a long filament on
the forehead and a more elongated body, the specimens of which were perfectly
vrnmotric iL In the Pacific we found the Heteropod Calcarella and some Pteropods
not taken in the Atlantic. Of the latter I may mention the curious form taken between
Sdnevand Wellington (Pelagia alba'1.) [= Taonius suhmi], Theceurybia [ = llalopsyche J
gaudichaudi , and a small Cymbulid, which has been very common since leaving the
Kermadcc I lands ; I think we have also got its larvrn. There were also larvaj of a
Pn> umodennopsis (?) [ - Dcxwbram hxd] with peculiar cutaneous organs, which in some
m iv correspond with the organs described by Gegenbaur in Pn&modermon [ = Dexio -
branch ra j eiliatum. Macgillivraya has also made its appearance, and will henceforth
I nbably In- very common. Tonwpteris was absent or very rare. Alciopa was always
jin -i lit, and al.-o young Terebellids, which sometimes floated about with a gelatinous

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

677

tube, and certain larvse which were perhaps to be referred to Aphroditaceans. Moseley
found a larva which he considered to be Tornaria, the larva of Balanoglossus. Crustacea
have been very abundant, especially Stomatopod and Decapod larvse, as well as Lucifer ,
Sergestes, nearly all the Hyperidae, Saphirina, Cory cams, and Copilia. The Euphausidae
tended to disappear as we advanced into warmer water ; they were still common , off
Kandavu, but are now very scarce.”

Station 182 (Sounding 312), Fiji to Raine Island (see Chart 27 and Diagram 13).

August 27, 1874 ; lat. 13° 6'

S., long.

148° 37' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 77°‘8 ; mean for the day, 76°'9.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, ....

78-5

400 fathoms,

41-0

25 fathoms,

77-0

500 „ ...

39-3

50 „ ...

74-0

600 „ ...

38-3

75 „ . .

71-0

700 „ ...

37-9

100 „ ...

67-5

800 „ ...

37-4

125 „ ...

64-0

900 „ ...

37-0

150 „ ...

60-4

1100 „ ...

36-3

175 „ ...

56-0

1300 „ ...

35-8

200 „ ...

520

1500 „ ...

35-8

250 „ ...

47-0

Bottom,

35-8

300 „ ...

44-0

Density at 60c F. at surface,

1 02619

bottom, 1 ‘02584.

Depth, 2275 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 49 ‘90 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chain Exp.).

At 2 p.m. got up steam. At 3.50 p.m. shortened and furled sails, and proceeded under
steam to sound. At 4.30 p.m. sounded in 2275 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures
down to 1500 fathoms. At 6.40 p.m. made sail.

Raine Island distant at noon, 309 miles. Made good 111 miles. Amount of current
4 miles, direction N. 45' W.

Surface Organisms. — The tow-nets put out while sounding yielded the same results
as during the past two days, Globigerina , Orbulina, and Pyrocystis being specially

abundant.

Station 183 (Sounding 313), Fiji to Raine Island (see Chart 27 and Diagram 13).

August 28, 1874 ; lat. 12° 42' S., long. 146° 46' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 79°*8 ; mean for the day, 77°*4.

(summary op results chall. exp. — 1893.)

Station 181.

Station 182.

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

Station 183.

86

678

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 183.

< IfU.AMMXft FROM
SCRFACS-Nm.

Station 184.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

78-0

500 fathoms,

39-3

50 fathoms,

76-2

600

38-4

100 . .

69-5

700 „

37-9

150

61-5

800

37-5

200 „

54-5

900

37-1

250

48-9

1100

36-3

300

45-0

1300

360

350

42-&

1500

360

400

41-2

Bottom,

360

Density at 60° F.: —

Surface,

. 1-02630

300 fathoms,

. 1-02580

100 fathoms,

. 1 02643

400 „

. 1-02596

200 „ . .

. 1 02595

Bottom,

. 1-02594

Depth, 1700 fathoms ; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 53 ‘5 7 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 9 a.m. got up steam. At 11.15 a.m. shortened and furled sails, proceeded under
steam, and at 12.30 p.m. sounded in 1700 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures down
to 1500 fathoms. The carbonic acid was determined in bottom water, and amounted to
609 milligrammes per litre. At 3 p.m. completed observations and made all plain sail.
A large shark, apparently different from those taken lately, was hooked, but the line
carried away. Many stormy petrels and boatswain birds were observed.

Raine Island distant at noon, 174 miles. Made good 136 miles. Amount of current
2 miles, direction W.

Surface Organisms. — The tow-nets yielded the same things as on previous days.

Station 184 (Sounding 314), Fiji to Raine Island (see Chart 27 and Diagram 13).

August 29, 1874 ; lat. 12° 8' S., long. 145’ 10' E.
Temperature of air at noon, 78°‘8 ; mean for the day, 770,1.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, .... 77-5

50 fathom*. . . . 76 6

76 74-3

100 70-8

125 „ ... 66-8

150 .... 62*5

176 . . • . 58-2

200 ... . 54-2

225 fathoms, . . . 51*0

250 „ ... 48-0

300 44-3

350 42-1

400 41 0

500 „ ... 397

Bottom, . . -. 36-0

DIAGRAM 13

Summary of Results

The Voyage of II M S l'lialLuii£ur

PACIFIC OCEAN

Lontittudinal Temperature Section. Fiji Islands to the Barrier reef , Australia .

fiv t.rpLiiuitum of Symbol* to AppmAxt 1

4*

Station 18

Organism

Scrtacr-Ni

Statio* 18

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

679

Density at 60° F, at surface, 1 *02630 ; bottom, 1 ‘02613.

Depth, 1400 fathoms ; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 52‘64 per cent, of
carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 6 a.m. got up steam. At 6.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and proceeded under
steam to sound and trawl. At 7 a.m. sounded in 1400 fathoms, and put trawl over.
Obtained serial temperatures down to 500 fathoms. The carbonic acid was determined
in bottom water, and amounted to 36T milligrammes per litre. At 2.30 p.m. hove up
trawl containing many specimens, along with pumice-stones and cocoa-nuts. At 7, 10 p.m.
brought ship to wind ; strong breeze from the S.E.

Raine Island distant at noon, 74 miles. Made good 100 miles. No current.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Monaxonida (Ridley and Dendy, Zool. pt. 59).

Trichostemmo. sarsii, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 73.

Hexactinellida (Schulze, Zool. pt. 53).

Hyalonema sp. (?). Fragments.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Freyella dimorpha, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Asthenosoma gracile, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 169, 200, and 219.
Holothukioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 13).

Benthodytes papillifera, n.g., n.sp„ Four specimens ; obtained also at

Stations 271 and 300, 2425 and 1375 fathoms.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Leetmonice producta, G-rube, var. willemoesi, nov. Obtained also at Stations 70,

133, 146, and 169.

Cirripedia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

Scalpellum truncatum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ australicum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ dubium, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Station 184.

Animals from
Trawl.

080

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.3. CHALLENGER.

Station 184. Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Onesimoides carinatus, n.g., n.ap. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Amathillopsis australis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Isofoda (Beddard, Zool. pt. 48).

Arcturus abyssicola, n.sp. (?). Two specimens; obtained also at Station 281,

2385 fathoms.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Penseus vclutinus, Dana. Two specimens ; obtained also at Stations 186, 187, 188,

190, and 233, 6 to 1400 fathoms. Recorded from Japan
and Sandwich Islands.

„ serratus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 173.

Aristeus armatus, n.sp. Three specimens; obtained also at Stations 133, 213,

237, 246, 276, and 323.

BetithesicyimLS brasiliensis, n.g., n.sp. Four specimens; obtained also at

Stations 168, 173, 181, 285, and 323.

„ altus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 133,

170, 171, 174, 205, 214, 232, and 235.

Pontophilus gracilis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 133, 168,

and 198.

Tropiocarvs tenuipes, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. The

only other species of the genus ( Tropiocaris planipes) was
taken at Station 230.

Hymenodora rostrata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 205,

1050 fathoms, and at Station 245, in tow-net down to
over 1700 fathoms.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Teredo sp. (?). One specimen (from 1400 fathoms ?).

Area ( Barbatia ) corpulenta, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 194, 198, 216a,

271, and 300, 200 to 2425 fathoms.

Myrina coppingeri, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Pecten murrayi, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Basdissa superba, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Fossarut cereus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY" OF RESULTS.

681

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Octopus sp. (?). (Fragments impossible to determine).

Brachiopoda (Da,vidson, Zool. pt. 1).

Terebratula wyvillii, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 160, 244, 299, 302, and 317.
Piscina atlantica, King. For distribution see Station 106.

Fishes (G'inther, Zool. pt. 57).

Bathyonus compressus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Stations 107

and 205.

Porogadus gracilis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality,

Aphyonus gelatinosus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Alepocephalus niger, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : —
Several specimens of Steplianoscyphus, Actinia, a rudiment of Comatula, Archaster, and
several small Ophiurids.

Excluding Protozoa, nearly 100 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 38 species, of which 28 are new to science, including
representatives of 7 new genera ; 14 of the new species and 2 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

Moseley writes : “ The trawl brought up half a dozen large palm fruits, one with
the albumen still present, fresh and white. The hollows of the fruits were occupied by
a small bivalve (Area) and a Gasteropod, and the husks were bored by the young of a
Teredo- like bivalve. Outside they were covered with a Stephanoscyphus, and I saw a
small Nematoid among the fibres. An Actinian was found attached to a thick
Hyalonema spicule, with adapted linear base ; transparent Terebratula ?, an Argonauta
shell, and an Octopod were also in the net.”

Surface Organisms. — The following species is recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 78).

P senes cyanophrys, C.V.

A log of wood was picked up, and found to be covered with Lepas, in the stomachs
of which were many Radiolarians, one or two small Globigerinse, and parts of small
Crustaceans.

Station 184.

Organisms from
the Surface.

682

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

.Station 16 4 The following species are recorded from the surface between Api and Cape York, the

exact locality not being noted : —

AMPHironA (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).
Paraphronima cuivis, n.sp.
Anchylomera sp. (?)
Oxycephalus porcellus, Claus.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).
Rhomaleocaris hamulus , n.g., n.sp.
Hectarthropus compressus, n.g., n.sp.

Station* 185
to 185b.

Stations 185 to 185b (Soundings 315 to 317), off Raine Island (see Chart 27).

August 31, 1874.

Temperature of air at noon, 77°*8 ; mean for the day, 76 '8.

Temperature of water at surface, 77°'0.

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 '02639.

Depth, 135, 150, and 155 fathoms; deposit Coral Sand, containing 86'97 per cent,
of carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.)

Passed Raine Island at 2 p.m. on August 30, and came to anchor at 3 p.m. to the
leeward of a patch of reef about 5 miles from Raine Island. At 4 a.m. on August 31 got
up steam. At 5.40 a.m. weighed anchor and proceeded under steam towards Raine
Island. At 7.30 a.m. stopped off Raine Island. Captain, officers, and naturalists landed
on the island. Proceeded to sound off the island. At 10 a.m. stopped under lee of the
island and dredged in about 135 fathoms, but at 11.30 A.M. the dredge came up nearly
empty. Proceeded towards the Great Detached Reef. At 12.20 p.m. stopped between
Raine Island and the Great Detached Reef, and lowered the dredge in 155 fathoms.
At 1 p.m. hove up dredge containing a large quantity of the deposit and a few specimens.
At 1.30 p.m. made sail, and at 5.20 p.m. anchored in 21 fathoms, north of Ashmore Banks.

Animal* raoM
Drxwjk.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the dredge at these
Stations off Raine Island, including one or two species collected on shore : —

Ohtracoda (Brady, Zool. pt 3).

Bairdia amygdaloides, Brady. For distribution see Station 162.

,, attcnuata, n.sp. Obtained also at Sandwich Islands, 40 fathoms.
,, angulata, Brady. Obtained also at Stations 75 and 305.

Cythere (?) layanella, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ torresi , n.sp. Single valve ; obtained at no other locality.

,, inconspicua, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

683

Cythere wyville-thomsoni, n.sp. (?). Obtained also at Stations 149, 150, and 151.

„ scalaris, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 305, 165 fathoms.

,, dasy derma, n.sp. Widely distributed (see Station 5).

Xestoleberis intermedia, Brady (?). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Cytheropteron (?) angustatum, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 149.

Bythocythere orientalis, Brady, var. Obtained also at Hong Kong. Recorded from

Hong Kong.

„ arenacea, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, velifera, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Poly cope orbicularis, Sars. For distribution see Station 142.

„ (?) favus, n.sp. One or two valves ; obtained at no other locality.

Cytherella lata, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 24, 75, 120, and 191a.

„ truncata, Brady. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Colon- Aspinwall.

,, latimarginata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Ocypoda ceratophthalma (Pallas). One specimen (Raine Island) ; obtained also

at Fiji.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Nesera fallax, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Poromya australis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ Isevis, n.sp. Three valves ; obtained at no other locality.

Semele (Abra) regularis, n.sp. Single valve ; obtained at no other locality.

Tellina murrayi, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, diluta, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Verticordia deshay esiana , Fischer. Single valve; obtained also at Station 122.

,, australiensis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Lucina cristata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, ( Codakia ) congenita, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Montacuta acuminata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Nucula torresi, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Leda watsoni, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, neasriformis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Limopsis torresi, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Amussium torresi, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Scaphopoda and Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Siphodentdlium prionotum, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Stations 185
to 185b.

684

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations iSS
to 185s.

Ccuhilus simillimus, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 187, 6 fathoms.
Trochus sp. (?).

i

Scissurella declinans, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Schisviope carinata, n.sp. Obtained also at Port Jackson.

Nassa ( Alectryon ) psila, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Mitra ( Canci/la ) interlirata, Reeve. Obtained also at Tongatabu, Fiji, and

Arrou Islands.

Marginella ( Glabella ) pachia, n.sp: Obtained at no other locality.

,, ( ,, ) valida, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ ( ,, ) brachia, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, ( ,, ) alta, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Pleurotoma sp. (?). (Belonging to the Pleurotoma carinata group).

Turritella deliciosa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Eulimella acerrima, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ laxa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Aclis minutissima, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Eulima acerrima , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ campyla, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ eurychades , n.sp. Forty or fifty specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Bittium porcellanum , n.sp. ' Obtained at no other locality.

Rissoa (?) sp. Obtained also at Station 186, 8 fathoms.

Scaliola arenosa, Adams. Obtained also at Stations 186, 187, Torres Strait, and

Sandwich Islands, 3 to 40 fathoms. Recorded from Japan.

,, bella, Adams. For distribution see Station 172.

Bulla sp. (?).

Utriculus ( Tornatina ) leptekcs, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Cylichna crispida, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Spirula peronii, Lamarck. (Dead shells from the shore).

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 6).

Glyphidodon septernfasciatus , C.V. (Raine Island).

„ sordidus, Forsk. (Raine Island).

In addition to the foregoing, the Station-book records a Hydrozoon and Brissus.

Excluding Protozoa, about 150 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
in the vicinity of Raine Island, belonging to about 07 species, of which 47 are new to
science ; 39 of the new species were not obtained elsewhere.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

G85

The following species of Pteropoda and Foraminifera were observed in the deposit
from this place (see also Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.) : —

Stations 185
to 185b.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65).

Limacina inflata (d’Orbigny).

,, lesueuri (d’Orbigny).

„ bulimoides (d’Orbigny).

Clio ( Creseis ) virgula (Rang).

„ ( „ ) acicula (Rang).

,, ( Eyalocylix ) striata (Rang).

„ ( Styliolci ) subula, Quoy and Gaimard.

„ pyramidata, Linne.

Cuvierina columnella (Rang).
Cavolinia trispinosa (Lesueur).

„ quadndentata (Lesueur).
„ longirostris (Lesueur).

„ gibbosa (Rang).

„ uncinata (Rang).

„ inflexa (Lesueur).

Foraminifera (Brady, Zool. pt. 22). — The pelagic species, which make up about
46 per cent, of the carbonate of lime present in the deposit, are marked thus x .

Nubecularia divaricata, Brady.

„ tibia, Jones and Parker.

Biloculina depressa, d’Orbigny.

„ ringens (Lamarck).

„ sphxra, d’Orbigny.

Spiroloculina acutimargo, Brady.

„ arenaria, Brady.

„ convexiuscula, Brady.

„ crenata, Karrer.

„ excavata, d’Orbigny.

„ grata, Terquem.

„ limbata, d’Orbigny.

„ tenuis (Czjzek).

Miliolina agglutinans (d’Orbigny).

„ circularis (Bornemann).

„ ferussacii (d’Orbigny).

„ linnseana (d’Orbigny).

„ oblonga (Montagu).

,, reticulata (d’Orbigny).

„ seminulum (Linne).

„ separans, Brady.

,, subrotunda (Montagu).

„ transverse striata, Brady.

„ tricarinata (d’Orbigny).

„ triquetra, Brady.

Articulina conico-articidata (Batscli).

„ lineata, Brady.

„ sulcata, Reuss.

Verrtebralina insignis, Brady.

Ophthalmidium inconstans, Brady.

Hauerina compressa, d’Orbigny.

,, ornatissima (Karrer).

(summary op results chall. exp. — 1893.)

Planispirina exigua, Brady.

Cornuspira cm inata (Costa).

„ foliacea (Philippi).

„ involvens, Reuss.

„ lacunosa, Brady.

Peneroplis pertusus, ForskSL

Crbitolites complanata, Lamarck.

„ marginalis (Lamarck).

Alveolina boscii, Def ranee.

Reophax scorpiurus, Montfort.

Textularia agglutinans, d’Orbigny.

„ „ var. porreda, Brady.

„ concava (Karrer).

„ conica, d’Orbigny.

„ crispata, Brady.

„ folium, Parker and Jones.

„ gramen, d’Orbigny.

„ jugosa, Brady.

„ sagittula, Defrance.

„ „ var. fistulosa, Brady.

„ transversaria, Brady.

„ trochus, d’Orbigny.

Verneuilina spinulosa, Reuss.

Tritaxia indiscreta, Brady.

„ tricarinata, Reuss.

Chrysalidina dimorpha, Brady.

Pavonina flabelliformis, d’Orbigny.

Spiroplecta americana, Ehrenberg.

annedens (Parker and Jones).

Gaudryina rugosa, d’Orbigny.

„ subrotundata, Sckwager.

Valvulina conica, Parker and Jones.

87

686

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations
to 185n.

185 Clavulina angularu , d’Orbigny.

„ cylindrica, llantken.

„ paririetui* , d’Orbigny.

Bulimina acideata, d’Orbigny.

„ convoluta, Williamson.

„ degantissima, d’Orbiyny.

„ inflata, Seguenza.

„ marginal & , d’Orbigny.

» P'jnda, d’Orbigny.

„ mbcylindrica, Brady.

„ subteres, Brady.

„ tcilliamsoniana, Brady.

Virgidina sclireibersiana, Czjzek.

Bolivina xnarieneis (Costa).

„ amygdalxformis, Brady.

„ beyrichi, Reuss, var. alata, Seguenza.
„ costata, d’Orbigny.

„ limltaia, Brady.

„ lobata, Brady.

„ „ var. strigosa, Brady.

„ nitida, Brady.

„ porrecta, Brady.

„ punctata, d’Orbigny.

„ reticulata, Hantken.

„ robusia , Brady.

„ schwageriana, Brady.

,, subangularis, Brady.

Cassuhdina bradyi, Norman.

„ rcdabra (Seguenza).

,, rrassa, d’Orbigny.

„ Jxvigata, d’Orbigny.

„ subglobosa, Brady.

Ehrenbergina terrain, Reuss.

Laguna amptd la-distoma, Rymer Jones.
aspera, Reuss.
castrensi s, Schwager.
dentata (Seguenza).
elongaia (Ehrenberg).
favoso-punrtata, Brady.
fornwsa, Schwager, var. brevis, Brady.
gothica, Rymer Jones.
grncillima (Seguenza).
hertwigiana, Brady.
hisjnda, Reuss.

I m gat a (Reuss).

Imtis (Montagu;.
marginal a (Walker and Boys).
orbignyana (Seguenza).
quadrangularis, Brady.
ra/liat'c-marginata, Parker and Jones.

Lagena scliulzeana, Brady.

„ semistriata, Williamson.

„ spiralis, Brady.

„ striata (d’Orbigny).

„ st riatopunctata, Parker and Jones.

„ sulcata (Walker and Jacob).

„ trigono-margmata, Parker and Jones.

Nodosaria catenulata, Brady.

„ communis, d’Orbigny.

„ consobrina, d’Orbigny, var. emaciata,

Reuss.

„ hispida, d’Orbigny.

„ inflexa, Reuss.

„ obliqua (Linne).

„ plebeia (Reuss).

„ proxima, Silvestri.

„ pyrula, d’Orbigny.

„ radicula (Linne).

„ raplianus (Linne).

„ roemeri (Neugeboren).

„ scalaris (Batsck).

,, soluta, Reuss.

„ vertebralis (Batsch).

Frondicularia archiaciana, d’Orbigny.

„ insequalis, Costa.

„ millettii, Brady.

„ spathulata, Brady.

Rhabdogonium tricarinatum (d’Orbigny).

Marginulina glabra, d’Orbigny.

VaginuHna bruckenthali, Neugeboren.

,, patens, Brady.

Crietdlaria aculauricularis (Fichtel and Moll).

„ costata (Fichtel and Moll).

„ cultrata (Montfort).

„ gemmata, Brady.

„ italica (Defrance).

„ latifroris, Brady.

„ obtusata, Reuss.

„ rotulata (Lamarck).

„ schloejibacld, Reuss.

„ tenuis (Bornemann).

„ tricarinella , Reuss.

„ varialnlis, Reuss.

„ vortex (Fichtel and Moll).

„ wetherellii ( J ones).

Amphicoryne falx (Jones and Parker).

Polymorphina amygdaloides, Reuss.

„ angusta, Egger.

„ communis, d’Orbigny.

,, compressa , d’Orbigny.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

687

Polymorphina elegantissima, Parker and Jones.

„ lanceolata, Reuss.

„ obloncja , d’Orbigny.

„ problema, d’Orbigny.

„ regina, Brady, Parker, and Jones.

Uvigerina asperula, Czjzek.

„ canariensis, d’Orbigny.

,, inter rupta, Brady.

„ porrecta, Brady.

„ pygmeea, d’Orbigny.

„ schwageri, Brady.

„ tenuistriaia, Reuss.

Sagrina columellaris, Brady
,, limbata, Brady.

„ raphanus, Parker and Jones.

„ tessellata, Brady.

Ramulina globulifera, Brady,
x Globigerina bull aides, d’Orbigny.
x „ coriglobata, Brady,

x „ dubia, Egger.
x „ sacculifera, Brady,

x Orbulina universa, d’Orbigny.
x Pullenia obliquiloculata, Parker and Jones.

„ sphseroides (d’Orbigny).

Sphseroidina bulloides, d’Orbigny.
x „ dehiscens, Parker and Jones,

x Gandeina nitida, d’Orbigny.

Spirillina decorata, Brady.

,, insequalis, Brady.

„ limbata , Brady, var. denticulata, Brady.

„ vivipara, Ehrenberg.

Patellina r,ampanxforrnis , Brady.

„ corrugata, Williamson,

x Oynibalopora (Tret omphalus) bulloides (d’Orbigny).
„ poeyi (d’Orbigny).

„ tabellseformis, Brady.

Discorbina allomorphinoides (Reuss).

,, biconcava, Parker and Jones.

„ elegans (d’Orbigny).

„ eximia , Hantken.

,, opercularis (d’Orbigny).

,, orbicularis (Terquem).

Discorbina patelliformis , Brady.

„ rarescens, Brady.

„ rosacea (d’Orbigny).

„ rugosa (d’Orbigny).

,, ventricosa, Brady.

„ vesicularis (Lamarck).

Planorbulina larvata , Parker and Jones.

Truncatulina echinata, Brady.

„ haidingerii (d’Orbigny).

„ humilis, Brady.

„ praecinda (Karrer).

„ reticulata (Czjzek).

,, tenuimargo, Brady.

„ ungeriana (d’Orbigny).

„ variabilis, d’Orbigny.

„ wuellerstorfL (Schwager).

Anomalina ariminensis (d’Orbigny).

Carpenteria monlicidaris, Carter.

„ proteiformis, Goes.

Pulvinulina concentrica, Parker and Jones.

„ hauerii (d’Orbigny).

x ,, menardii (d’Orbigny).

x „ „ var. fimbriata, Brady,

x „ micheliniana (d’Orbigny).

„ oblonga (Williamson).

„ ,, var. scabra, Brady.

,, procera, Brady.

„ schreibersii (d’Orbigny).

x ,, tumida, Brady.

Calcarina hispid a, Brady.

„ spengleri, Linne.

Tihoporus baculatus (Montfort l), Carpenter.

Gypsina vesicularis (Parker and Jones).

Nonionina asterizans (Fichtel and Moll).

„ scapha (Fichtel and Moll).

„ umbilicatula (Montagu).

Polystomella crispa (Linne).

„ macella (Fichtel and Moll).

Amphistegina lessonii, d’Orbigny.

Operculina complanata (Defrance).

„ „ var. granulosa , Leymerie.

Heterostegina depressa, d’Orbigny.

Stations 185
to 185b.

In the foregoing list 247 species and varieties are enumerated, and in addition the
following are given in Mr. Brady’s MS. notes : — Cornuspira sulcata, Orbiculina
orbicularis, Haplophragmium lituus, Haplophragmium simplex, Lagena stilifera, var.
formosa, Lagena reussiana, Polymorphina horrida, and Rupertia crassitesta ; if valid
species these would bring the total to 255 species.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 185
to 185a

ORGANISM' FROM

Surface Nets.

At Caps York

Stations 186
and 187.

Surface Organisms. — The following species is recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).

Ileterochxta spinifrons, Claus.

The tow-net was out during the night of August 30-31, and yielded Sac/itta, small
Crustacea, Zoeae, larvm of Lamellibranchs and Gasteropods, Ptcropods, small fishes and
fish eggs.

'fhe Challenger arrived, at Cape York at 6 p.m. on September 1, remaining there
till 11 a.m. on September 8, during which time many dredgings were taken in shallow
water by Mr. Murray and Mr. Moseley in the steam pinnace (for description of Cape York
see Xarr. Chall. Exp., vol. i. pp. 532-541.).

Stations 186 and 187 (Soundings 318 and 319), off Cape York (see Chart 31).

September 8, 9, 1874.

At 11 a.m. on September 8 weighed anchor and proceeded under steam out of
port. At 12.25 p.m. altered course for Prince of Wales Channel. At 3 p.m. stopped off
Wednesday Island, and took three hauls with the dredge in 8 fathoms, deposit composed
of coarse sand, shells, and gravel, containing 59 '66 per cent, of carbonate of lime
(Station 186). The dredge each time came up full of coral and seaweeds. At 4 p.m.
proceeded towards Hammond Island, and at 5.45 p.m. stopped and anchored between
Hammond and Wednesday Islands. Picked up pinnace and cutter, in which Mr. Murray
during the day dredged between Cape York and Wednesday Island, and landed a
party on Wednesday Island to collect specimens, shoot birds, &c.

At 5.30 a.m. on September 9, weighed anchor, and at 6.20 a.m. made sail, proceeding
through the Prince of Wales Channel towards Booby Island. Landed naturalists and
officers on Booby Island, and afterwards obtained two hauls with the dredge and one
with the trawl in 6 fathoms, deposit composed of sand and shells, containing 77 '90 per
rent, of carbonate of lime (Station 187). Many specimens were procured. At 1.30 p.m.
completed dredging and trawling ; boat returned from the island. Made all plain sail
and proceeded towards the Arrou Islands.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the vicinity of
Caiic York ind Torres Strait, including Stations 186 and 187, the depth being indicated : —

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

689

Keratosa (Polejaeff, Zool. pt. 31).

Spongelia horrida , Selenka. Three specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Psammoclema vosmaeri, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) - obtained

at no other locality.

Hippospongia anomala, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality.

Carteriospongia radiata, Hyatt. Four specimens (oft Wednesday Island, shallow

water) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Monaxonida (Ridley and Dendy, Zool. pt. 59).

Chalina palmata (Lamarck). One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indian and European Seas and Australia.

,, sp. (?). Fragment (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms).

Gelliodes fibulata, Ridley. Four specimens (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Torres Strait and Bass Strait (?).

Esperella gelatinosa (Ridley). One specimen (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Mascarene Islands.

ClatUria aculeata, Ridley. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Torres
Strait.

,, decumbens, Ridley. One specimen (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Amirante Islands.

Acanthdla pulcherrima , n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Torres Strait.

,, (?) stipitcita, Carter, var. nov. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Bass Strait.

Tetractinellida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

Tetilla merguiensis (Carter). One specimen (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Mergui Archipelago and coast of Burmah.

Animals from
Cape York.

♦‘,90

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Cat* York.

Oraniella simillima (Bowerbauk), var. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Port Jackson and Philippines.

Myriastra simplicifurca, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

,, clavosa (Ridley). Several specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained
also at Stations 208 and 212, 8 and 10 fathoms.

Recorded from Torres Strait and Arafura Sea.

Pilochrota purpurea (Ridley), var. longancora , nov. One specimen (Torres Strait,

3 to 1 1 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Torres Strait and Arafura Sea.
,, moseleyi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);
obtained at no other locality.

Di&ynnga dissimilis (Ridley). (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms. Recorded from Port Darwin
and Torres Strait.

Tethya seychellensis (Wright). One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

also at Philippines. Recorded from Seychelle Islands.

Calcarea (Pol^jaeff, Zool. pt. 24).

Tjeucosolenia challengeri, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality.

Ileteropegma nodus gordii, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Station 36. Only species of the genus.
Anamirilla torresi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality. Only species of the genus.
buconia dura, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 36.

An yonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pts. 64 and 81).

lu hinogorgia pseudosassapo, Kolliker. One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indo- Pacific region.

Plexa >/ roides prselonga (Ridley). Two specimens (Stations 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtuined at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Torres Strait.

Leptogorgia torresi", n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other

locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

691

Juncella gemmacea (Valenciennes). One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Indian Ocean and Australia.

,, juncea (Pallas), var. alba, nov. Many fragments (Torres Strait, 7 to

1 1 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality. Recorded
from Australia.

Ellisella maculata, Studer. One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained also at Banda.

Recorded from Australia.

Iciligorgia orientalis, Ridley. One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other-

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Torres Strait.

Melitodes dichotoma (Pallas). Several specimens (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, esperi, n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other locality.

Heliopora caerulea, Blainville. Fragment (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

also at Philippines. Recorded from Singapore to
Torres Strait.

Spongodes spinosa, Gray. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia and New Guinea.

,, macrospina, n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 8 to 11 fathoms) ,

obtained at no other locality.

,, umbellata, n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 8 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

,, bicolor, n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 8 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Station 212, 10 fathoms.

,, heterocyathus, n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 8 to 11 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

,, coronata, n.sp. Two specimens (Torres Strait, 8 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Telesto ( Carijoa ) trichostemma (Dana). One specimen (Torres Strait, 8 to

1 1 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Fiji.

Actiniaria (Hertwig, Zool. pts. 15 and 72).

Sphenopus arenaceus, n.sp. Three specimens (Cape York (?) and Station 187,

6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Reef Corals (Quelch, Zool. pt. 46).

Stylophora digitata (Pallas). One specimen (Cape York, 5 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Amboina.

Cape York.

69*2

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

York.

Gulaxea musical is (Esper). One specimen (Cape York, 5 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

EuphyVia glabrescens (Chamisso and Eysenhardt). Several specimens (Cape York,

shore) ; obtained also at Banda.

,, turgida, Dana. (Cape York, shore) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger.

„ striata , M. -Edwards and Haime. One specimen (Cape York, shore) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Mussa aspera, M.-Edwards and Haime. One specimen (Cape York, 5 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Gcmiastrsea quoyi , M.-Edwards and Haime. One specimen (Cape York, shore) ;

obtained also at Banda.

Moseleya latistellata, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Wednesday Island, 8 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality. Only species of the genus.

Dendrophyllia axifuga , M.-Edwards and Haime. One specimen (Wednesda)^ Island,

8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
,, conferta, n.sp. One specimen (Australia — exact locality not

recorded) ; obtained at no other locality.

Turbinaria crater (Pallas). Two specimens (Cape York and Wednesday Island,

shore to 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Amboina.

,, cinerascens (Ellis and Solander). Two specimens (Cape York, shore) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

,, patula (Dana). Three specimens (Wednesday Island, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ pcltata (Esper). One specimen (Cape York, shore) ; obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger.

,, sequalis, n.sp. One specimen (Wednesday Island, 8 fathoms) ; obtained
at no other locality.

M<rntipora exserta, n.sp. One specimen (Wednesday Island, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality.

A l veopora retuso, Verrill. One specimen (Cape York, 5 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Hydroloa (Allman, Zool. pts. 20 and 70).

S iurella indnisa, n.g., n.sp. (Cape York, 5 to 10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality. Only species of the genus.

A ca u tl<> 11a ' <jfusa (Busk). (( Ml Cape York) ; obtained also at Philippines-, 10 fathoms.

Recorded from Torres Strait (“ Rattlesnake”).

Tin* generic name wo* uw.d in 1802 by Schmidt for u genua of Monaxonid Sponges.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

693

Lytocarpus spectabilis, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Philippines,

10 fathoms.

Diplocyathus dichotomus, n.g., n.sp. (Cape York, 8 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality. Only species of the genus.

Thyroscyphus simplex, n.sp. (Cape York, 8 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Lictorella halecioides, Allman. (Cape York, 8 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Faroe
Channel (“ Porcupine ”).

Thuiaria vincta, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Desmoscyphus obliquus, n.sp. (Cape York, 8 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Bahia.

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Antedon multiradiata, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

,, microdiscus, Bell. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ variipinna, Carpenter. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained
also at Arrou Islands. Recorded from Torres Strait, Dun das
Strait, Arafura Sea, Borneo, and Canton.

Actinometra pectinata (Retzius). One specimen (Cape York, 8 to 12 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Philippines. Recorded from Indian and
Australian seas, and East Indies.

„ Solaris (Lamarck). Numerous specimens (Cape York and Station 187,
6 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, paucicirra , Bell. Many specimens (Cape York and Station 187,

6 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Arrou Islands. Recorded
from Australia.

,, macidata, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained
at no other locality.

,, valida , n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locaJity.

,, multiradiata (Linne). One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, belli, n.sp. Three specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at
no other locality.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893,) 88

Cape York.

694

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Cam York.

Actinometra parvicirra (Muller). Five specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

for distribution see the Cape.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Astropectcn zebra, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, „ var. rosea, nov. Three specimens (Station 187, 6 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality.

Luidia forjidfer, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 188,

28 fathoms.

Stellaster incei, Gray. (Stations 186 and 187, 8 and 6 fathoms); obtained also

at Stations 188 and 208, 28 and 18 fathoms. Recorded
from Indo-Pacific region.

„ princeps, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Anthenea tuberculosa, Gray. One specimen (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Pentaceros turrit us , Linck. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 188,

28 fathoms, and Philippines. Recorded from Indian and
Pacific Oceans.

,, callimorphus, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality.

Nepanthia brevis, Perrier. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Torres Strait.

Ophidiaster tuberifer, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
,, helicostichus, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at no other
locality.

Metrodira subulata , Gray. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Migupou
and New Zealand.

Petaster insignis, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 189,

25 fathoms.

Ophiuboidba (Lymap, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiohpis cincta, Muller and Troschel. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

also at Philippines.

anmdosa (BlainviUe). (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also at
Ternate.

Ophiothrix lontjipeda (Lamarck). (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; for distribution

see Tongatabu.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

695

Ophiothrix stelligera, Lyman. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also at Fiji, Cape York.

Arafura Sea (?), and Philippines.

Ophiomaza cacaotica, Lyman. (Cape York, and Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.

Euryale aspera, Lamarck. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 203,

12 to 20 fathoms.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Phyllacanthus annulifera (Lamarck). (Cape York, and Station 186, 8 fathoms);

obtained also at Station 188, 28 fathoms.

,, verticillata (Lamarck). (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger.

Plenrechinus bothyroides, Agassiz. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also

at Japan.

Scdmacis globator, Agassiz. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other-

locality by the Challenger.

„ rarispina, Agassiz. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 188 and 203, 12 to 28 fathoms.

Laganum depressum, Lesson. (Station 187,6 fathoms) ; obtained also in Arafura Sea.

Peronella decagoncdis (Lesson). (Station 186, 8 fathoms, and Torres Strait) ; for

distribution see Station 172.

Breynia australasiae (Leach). (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 39).

Synapta verrilli, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Colochirus challenger i, n.sp. Three specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality.

Actinocucumis typica, Ludwig. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Eecorded from
Australia and China.

Thy one fnsus (Muller), var. papuensis, nov. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality. The species recorded from
European seas.

Entozoa (Linstow, Zool. pt. 71).

Taenia clavulus, n.sp. Numerous fragments (from intestine of Ptilorhis alberti,

Cape York).

696

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Caps Youk.

Tit'nia trichoglossi, n.sp. (?). Nine fragments (from intestine of Trichoglossus

swainsoni, Cape York).

Annelida (M'Intosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Lepidonotus cnstatus, Grube. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines.

Eupompe australiensis, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality.

Eunice torresicnsis, n.sp. Numerous specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Hyalincecia tubicola, Muller, var . papuensis, nov. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality. A widely-distributed species.

Thelepus sp. (?). Fragment (Station 186, 8 fathoms).

Myzostomida (Graft’, Zool. pts. 27 and 61).

Myzoatoma horologium, n.sp. (Stations 186 and 187, host uncertain).

,, dentatum, n.sp. (Station 186, on Antedon vanipinna).

„ intermedium, n.sp. (Station 187, on Antedon multimdiata).

„ quadrifilurn, n.sp. (Station 186, on Antedon variipinna).

„ Jiliferum , n.sp. (Station 186, on Antedon variipinna).

Ostkacoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Macrocypris orientalis, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at

New Guinea. Recorded from Malay Archipelago.

Bairdia amygdaloides, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; for distribution

see Station 162.

,, foveolata, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms); for distribution see
Station 33.

,, fortijicata, n.sp. One specimen (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained
at no other locality.

Cythcre ovalis, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ lubbockiana, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality.

„ cri.pata, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms); obtained also at Port
Jackson and Hong Kong.

„ cancelkUa, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at
Station 172.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

697

Cythere reussi , Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms); obtained also at Cape York,

Station 313 and Sandwich Islands, 55 and 40 fathoms.

Recorded from Colon-Aspinwall.

„ scibulosa, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, curvicostata, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality.

„ lauta, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, 'packardi, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, cristatella , n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

„ fungoides (Brady). (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at
Stations 33 and 189.

,, goujoni, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Port
Jackson and Hong Kong.

,, tetrica, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ melobesioides, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Mauritius.

Loxoconcha pumicosa, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms); obtained also at

Admiralty Islands.

„ sculpta, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Cape Verdes.

,, australis , n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Port

J ackson.

,, variolata, Brady. - (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger. Fossil — Antwerp Crag.

Xestoleberis curta, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; for distribution see

Station 33.

,, margaritea, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Mauritius
and Mediterranean.

„ foveolata, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Cytherella semitalis, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 189, 28 fathoms, New Guinea, and Admiralty
Islands. Recorded from Java.

,, cavernosa, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 162.

,, cingulata, Brady. (Station 187, 6 to 8 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 189, Hong Kong, and Port Jackson.

Caph York.

698 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Cirripkdia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

Bcdanus amaryllis , Darwin. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 233a, 8 to 50 fathoms, and Japan. Recorded from
Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Leucothoe Jlindersi, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 7 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Dexamine Jlindersi , n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Parelasmopus suluensis (Dana). One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Sulu Sea.

Amphithoe jlindersi, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

Cerapus Jlindersi, n.sp. One specimen (Flinders Passage) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Vibilia viator , n.sp. One specimen (Cape York) ; obtained at no other locality.

Lsopoda (Beddard, Zool. pt. 48).

Anceus latidens , n.sp. One specimen (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained at
no other locality.

Cumacea (Sars, Zool. pt. 55).

Cyclaspis pusilla, n.sp. One specimen (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained at
no other locality.

„ exsculpta, n.sp. One specimen (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained
at no other locality.

Stomatopoda (Brooks, Zool. pt. 45).

Gonorlactylus graphumis, Miers. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Alima gracilis, M. -Edwards (= larva of Squilla) (vicinity of Cape York).

MacBURA (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Pnuevs velutinus, Dana. Four specimens (Stations 186 and 187, 8 and 6 fathoms) ;

for distribution see Station 184.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

699

Cheirothrix parvimanus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality. Only species of the genus.

Alpheus avarus, Fabricius. (Albany Island, Cape York) ; for distribution see

Station 172.

,, acuto-femoratus, Dana. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
India.

,, crassimanus , Heller. One specimen (Albany Island, Cape York) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Nicobars.

Betseus microstylus , n.sp. One specimen (Albany Island, Cape York) ; obtained at

no other locality.

Par alpheus diversimanus (Olivier). Seven specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms, and

Albany Island, Cape York) ; obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger.

Synalplieus falcatus, n.g., n.sp. Six specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality. Only species of the genus.

Pontonia meleagrinee (Peters). One specimen (from pearl-oyster, Torres Strait —

presented at Sydney). Recorded from African coast.

Anomtjra (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Mastigochirus quadrilobatus, Miers. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Philippines and Torres Strait.

Diogenes guttatus, n.sp. One specimen (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Pagurus imbricatus, M.-Edwards. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from New Zealand and Australian seas.

Spiropagurus spiriger (De Haan). One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained also

at Stations 188, 190, 208, Admiralty Islands, and
Hong Kong, 10 to 49 fathoms. Recorded from
Japanese, Chinese, and Indian seas.

Petrolisthes annulipes (White), Miers. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Pachycheles pidchellus (Haswell). One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Station 188, 28 fathoms. Recorded from
Australia.

Cape York.

700

THE VOYAGE OF 1I.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Poly onyx obesulus (White), Miers. Four specimens (Station 186. 8 fathoms — three
taken from interior of Hippospongia anomala ) ; obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Madgica-Sima
Islands and Australia.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Huenia proteus, De Haan. Four 'specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

also in Arafura Sea. Recorded from China, Japan,
. and Philippines to Australia.

Menwthius monoceros (Latreille), var. angusta , Dana. One specimen (Station 186,

8 fathoms); obtained also at Station 172.

Chorilibinia g radii pes, Miers. • One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms. Recorded from Australia
and New Guinea.

Schitophrys aspera (M. -Edwards). One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indo-Pacific region.

Pseudcktddppa (?) varians, Miers. One specimen (Station 186,8 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Australia.

Lnmbrxi* ajjfinis, M. -Edwards. One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indo-
Pacific region.

„ intermedium, Miers. One specimen (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia and Corean seas.

( Aula colambrus)hoplonot us, Adams and White. One specimen (Station 1 86,

8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Indo-Pacific region.

,, ( „ ) hoplonotus, var. granulosus, Miers. One specimen (Torres

Strait, 3 to 1 1 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger.

Actxa granulata (Audouin). One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other

locality hy the Challenger.

„ In noxtis.fi ma ( Ruppell). One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

„ hystrix, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

701

Pilumnus pulcher, Miers. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms, and Torres Cape York.

Strait) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, seminudus, Miers. One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ lahyrinthicus, Miers. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Australia.

Neptunus ( Amphitrite ) rugosus, M.- Ed warns. One specimen (Torres Strait) ;

obtained also at Stations 208 and 212, 10 to
20 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

,, ( Achelous ) unispinosus (Miers). Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms,

and Torres Strait) ; obtained 'at no other locality
by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Thalamita sima, M. -Edwards. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained

also at Port Jackson.

,, intermedia, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

„ crenatci (Rtippell). One specimen (Albany Island, Cape Yo..A) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger/

Ceratoplax ciliata , Stimpson. One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other

. locality by the Challenger. Recorded from China Sea.

Macrophthalmus podophthalmus, Eydoux and Souleyet. One specimen (Torres.

Strait) ; obtained also in Arafura Sea.

Pinnotheres villosulus, Guerin-Meneville. One specimen (from pearl-oyster, Torres

Strait— presented at Sydney).

Myctiris longicarpus, Latreille. Numerous specimens (Albany Island, Cape York) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia, Malaysia, and New
Caledonia.

Matuta inermis, Miers. Four specimens (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Myra ajjfinis, Bell. One specimen (Torres Strait) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

„ australis, Haswell. One specimen (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Gastrochsena lamellosa, Deshayes. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) 89

702

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

ape York

C/amgcUa torresi, n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality.

Corbula crassa , Hinds, var. (Torres Strait, 3 to 1 1 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Port Essington, Macassar Strait, and Philippines.

,, scaphoides, Hinds. Single valve (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Singapore, Hong Kong, and Philippines.

„ months, Hinds. (Stations 186 and 187, 8 and 6 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms. Recorded from Philippines.

Mya sp. (?). Single valve (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms).

Mactra ( Mactrinula ) plicataria, Linne. One specimen (Cape York, 3 to 12 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Java, Sumatra, and Tranquebar.

Cnlodon clongatus, Carpenter. One specimen (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Borneo and China.

Myodoi'ct trigoni, Reeve. Single valve (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Philippines.

,, sp. (?). Single valve (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms).

., sp. (?). Single valve (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms.

Semele infans, n.sp. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

J,'iammobia anoinala, Deshayes. One specimen (Cape York, 3 to 12 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Philippines and Australia.

T Alina cc/nxpacta, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ ( Angulus ) lux, Hanley, var. (Torres Strait, 8 to 11 fathoms); obtained

also at Station 189, 25 to 29 fathoms. Recorded

from Philippines.

( ,, ?) rkornboides, Quoy and Gaimard. (Cape York, 3 to 12 fathoms);

obtained also at Fiji.

(Arcopagia) elegantissima, n.Hp. (Torres Strait, 3 to 1 1 fathoms) ; obtained
at no other locality.

„ ( ?) tcnuilirata, Sowerby. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms); obtained

also at Port Jackson and Fiji.

( ?) casta, Hanley. (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Singapore.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

703

Tellina ( ?) languida, n.sp. (Torres Strait and Flinders Passage, 3 to 1 1 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality.

„ ( ?) semen, Hanley. (Station 187 and Flinders Passage, 7 and 6 fathoms);

obtained also at Fiji.

Donax nitidus, Desliayes. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained also at Port Jackson.

Petricola lapicidct (Chemnitz), juv. (Station 186 and Flinders Passage,

8 and 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger,

Venus torresiana, Smith. (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Eecorded from Torres Strait.

„ ( Awtigona ) larnellaris (Schumacher). (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Japan, China, and Australia.

,, ( Chione ) calophylla, Philippi. (Station 187, 3 to 28 fathoms?); obtained

also at Station 203 and Port Jackson.

„ ( ,, )foliacea, Philippi. (Stations 186 and 187, 8 and 6 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Station 189, 28 fathoms. Recorded from Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

„ ( ,, ) irijans, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms.

„ ( Gomphmo ) undulosa, Lamarck. One specimen (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Australia.

Cytherea ( Caryatis ) coxeni, Smith. (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Australia.

( ,, ) regularis, n.sp. (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Station 188, 28 fathoms.

Circe scriptct (Linne). (Torres Strait, 3 to 1 1 fathoms) ; obtained also at Port Jackson.
„ fastigiata (So werby). Single valve (Cape York, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ obliquissima, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Dosinia deshayesii, Adams. -(Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ histrio (Gmelin), var. (Station 187 and Flinders Passage, 6 and 7 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Station 189, 25 to 29 fathoms.

,, sculpta (Hanley). Single valve (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Australia.

Cape York.

704

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Cap* York

dementia papj/racea (Gray). (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia, Philippines, Malacca, and Japan.

Cardium (Fragum) imbneatum, Sowerby. (Cape York, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Australia.

Tt'idacna n'ocea, Lamarck. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at

no othef locality by the Challenger.

Chama sulphurea, Reeve. One specimen (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines.

„ jukesii, Reeve. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Lucina [Di varicella) irpex, n.sp. (Cape York, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Diplodonta sccdpta, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, corpulenta, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms.

„ subglobosa , n.sp. (Station 187 and Flinders Passage, 6 and 7 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

,, conspicua, n.sp. (Station 187, Flinders Passage, and Torres Strait,

3 to 11 fathoms); obtained also at Station 188,
28 fathoms.

Carditella torresi, n.sp. (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms.

Crassatella rhornboides, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 188,

28 fathoms.

Trifjonia vniophora, Gray. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 188 and 189, 25 to 28 fathoms.

Nucvla obliqua, Lamarck. (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

Idmopsis cancellata (Reeve). (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also at Station 188,

28 fathoms. Recorded from Singapore and Torres Strait.

Area navienhx ris, Bruguicre. (Cape York, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia,
Amboina, and China.

,, imbricata, Bruguii re. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 113a.

,, ( Jiarbatia ) lima, Reeve. (Station 1 86, 8 fathoms); obtained also at Station 208,

18 fathoms. Recorded from Philippines.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

705

Area ( Scapharca) clathra ta, Reeve. Three valves (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms); Cape York.

obtained also at Amboina. Recorded from Philippines.

,, ( Trisis ) semitorta, Lamarck. (Torres Strait, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines, Australia, and Tasmania.

Mytilus sulcatus (Lamarck ?), (Reeve). Numerous dead valves (Wednesday Island,

3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, ( Stavelia ) horridus, Dunker. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Australia and Philippines.

Lithodomus malaccanus, Reeve. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Malleus albus, Lamarck. (Cape York, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Japan,

China, and Philippines.

Avicula rnacroptera, Lamarck. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Moluccas.

„ ( Meleagrina ) muricata, Reeve. Several specimens (Station 187. 6 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

,, ( ,, ) smaragdina, Reeve. (Cape York, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia and Moluccas.

Spondylus zonalis, Lamarck. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Mauritius and Philippines.

Plicatula sp. (?). Single valve (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Amboina.

Lima ( Limatula ) torresiana, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

SCAPHOPODA AND GASTEROPODA (Watson, Zool, pt. 42).

Dentalium javanum, Sowerby. (Station 186 and Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Station 188, 28 fathoms. Recorded
from Malacca.

Siphodentalium eboracense, n.sp. (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Cadulus simillimus , n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 185.

Puncturella n.sp. (?). (Stations 186, 187, Flinders Passage, and Torres Strait,

3 to 11 fathoms).

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Art York.

70«

TrocJtus (Enchelus) atratus (Gmelin). (Flinders Passage and Albany Island, 3 to

12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 208, 18 fathoms.
Recorded from Indo-Pacific region.

„ ( Monodonta ) labio, LinnA (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained also at

Japan. Recorded from Africa to Japan and Australia.

., (Ziziphinus) sin alar is, Reeve. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtainedatno other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, ( Sulaiiella ) vitiligineus, Menke. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also

at Port Jackson.

„ ( „ ), three species undetermined. (Station 187 and Flinders

Passage, 6 and 7 fathoms).

„ , two species undetermined. (Torres Strait and Flinders Passage, 3 to 11

fathoms).

Scissurella sp. (?). (Station 186, 8 fathoms).

Cycloistrema , six species undetermined. (Stations 186, 187, and Torres Strait,

3 to 11 fathoms).

Pkasianella, four species undetermined. (Stations 186, 187, Flinders Passage, and

Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms).

Turbo (Sercectus) chrysostomus, Linne. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Tongatabu and Fiji.

„ sp. (?). (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms).

Trachysma (?) sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms).

Scalaria ( Cirsostrernu ) dentiscalpiumy n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

,, , two species undetermined. (Station 186 and Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms).

Murex ( Tribulus ) raacgillivrayi, Dohrn. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Australia.

„ ( „ ) a canthodes, n.sp. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

„ (Chicoreus) ccrvicornis, Lamarck. (Station 187 and Albany Island, 3 to

12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 188, 28 fathoms.
Recorded from Australia.

,, ( „ ) inauruA, Broderip. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Amia Island, Pacific Ocean.

„ ( „ ) monodon , Sowerby. (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Torres Strait.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

707

Murex ( Pteronotus ) acanthopterus, Lamarck. (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Port Jackson.

„ ( Pseudomurex ) pholidotus , n.sp. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Purpura ( Cronia ) amygdala, Kiener. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Port Jackson.

Nassa ( Zeuxis ) algida. Reeve (?) (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained, also

at Station 208, 18 fathoms. Recorded from Australia.

Phos scalarioides , Adams. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality bv the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, ( Strongylocera ) sculptilis, Adams. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Australia.

Oliva ( Ispidula ) australis, Duclos. (Torres Strait and Albany Island, 3 to

12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

,, , two species undetermined. (Station 187 and Flinders Passage, 6 and

7 fathoms).

Columbella ( Zafra ) troglodytes, Souverbie. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Fiji and Sandwich Islands.

,, , three species undetermined. (Station 186, 8 fathoms).

Mitra ( Cancilla ) reticulata, Adams. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained.

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Port Essington.

,, ( ,, ) rufescens, Adams. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from China Seas.

„ ( Costellaria ) amanda, Reeve. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also

at Fiji.

„ ( „ ) scidptilis, Reeve. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained

also at Arrou Islands. Recorded from Philippines.

,, ( ,, ), two species undetermined. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms).

Voluta ( Vespertilio ) sophia , Gray. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Australia.

„ sp. (?). (Station 187, 6 fathoms).

Marginella, six species undetermined. (Stations 186, 187, and Flinders Passage,

6 to 8 fathoms).

Cape York.

708

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Capi York.

Pleurotoma marmorata, Lamarck. (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 208, 18 fathoms, and Fiji.

undosa, Lamarck. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, ( Drillia ) stem'ha , n.sp. (Flinders Passage and Albany Island, 3 to

12 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, , four species undetermined. (Station 186 and Flinders Passage, 8 and

7 fathoms).

Terebra ( Myurella ) turrita, Smith. One specimen (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Torres Strait.

„ sp. (?). (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms).

Ranella ( Argdbuccinum ) pusilla, Broderip. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Tongatabu and Fiji.

„ ( Eupleura ) perca (Perry). (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia and New Guinea.

Nassaria sinensis, Sowerby. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms. Recorded from China Seas.

Strombus ( Canarium ) muricatus , Martini. (.Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, (Gallinula) campbellii , Gray. (Station 187, Flinders Passage, and

Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ ( „ ) canarium, LinnA (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Cypraa bicolor, Gaskoin (?). One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia, Tasmania, and Sandwich Islands.

„ mUiaris, Gmelin. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia, Moluccas, Japan, and Philippines.

Notion (Mamma) mamilla (Linne). (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from whole Indian Ocean and Malay Archipelago.
Fossil — shores of Red Sea.

' \ *’■ sr :• . flW V P ’ ■:< I**; * :

SUMMARY OF RESULTS. 709

Natica , two species undetermined. (Station 187 and Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms).

Capulus (Amathina) triccirinatus (Linne). (Stations 186 and 187, 8 and G fathoms);

obtained also at Station 233, 8 fathoms. Recorded
from Philippines and Japan.

Xenophora solarioides (Reeve). (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained also

at Stations 208 and 212, 10 to 20 fathoms. Recorded
from Philippines and Andamans.

Parastrophia challengeri , de Folin, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality.

Watsonia elegcins, de Folin, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality. Only species of the genus.

Caecum attenuatum, de Folin, n.sp. Nine specimens (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

,, chinense, de Folin. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

,, subjlavum , de Folin, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

succineuni . de Folin, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;
obtained at no other locality.

microcyclus, de Folin, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;
obtained at no other locality.

„ angwStum , de Folin, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, Q fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

,, ebvrneum, de Folin, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

„ , three species undetermined. (Station 186, 8 fathoms).

Vermetus (?) cyclicus, n.sp. (Station 186 and' Flinders Passage, 8 and 7 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Turritella cingulifera , Sowerby. (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Station 188, Fiji, and Amboina.

,, fascialis, Menke. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ; obtained also at Fiji.

Odostomia convoluta, n.sp. Several specimens (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

,, corpulenta, n.sp. (Station 1 87, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, oxia, n.sp. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ obdes, n.sp. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, pupa, n.sp. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

,, hymatodes, n.sp. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Sandwich Islands (?), 40 fathoms.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) 90

Cape York.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Odostomici, nine species undetermined. (Station 186, Flinders Passage, and Torres

Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms).

,, (Turbonilla) homceotata, n.sp. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

„ ( „ ) dipsycha, n.sp., var. incerta , nov. (Flinders Passage,

7 fathoms) ; the species obtained at Station 188,
28 fathoms.

,, ( „ ?) aracebasa, L.sp. (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality.

„ ( ,, ), seven species undetermined. (Station 186 and Flinders

Passage, 8 and 7 fathoms).

,, ( Symola ) aciculina , Souverbie. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from New Caledonia.

Eulimella angusta, n.sp. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) : obtained at no other locality.

., coacta, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ subtilis, n.sp. (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

Mathilda , three species undetermined. (Stations 186, 187, and Flinders Passage,

6 to 8 fathoms).

Eulirrva martinii , Adams. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 188, 28 fathoms. Recorded from Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

„ latipes, n.sp. Three specimens (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

„ , six species undetermined. (Stations 186, 187, and Flinders Passage,

6 to 8 fathoms).

Mvcronalia xantliias , n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 172

and 212.

Cerithiopsis ridicnla, n.sp. (Station 186,8 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

,, , ten species undetermined. (Station 186, Flinders Passage, and Torres

Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms).

C'rrithium balteotum, Philippi (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained also

at Fiji.

„ dubium, Sowerby. (Station 186 and Flinders Passage, 8 and 7 fathoms) ;

obtained also at Fiji.

„ novsehoUandiff , Adams. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Cape York.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

711

Ceriikium, three species undetermined. (Station 186, 187, and Flinders' Passage,

6 to 8 fathoms).

,, ( Vertagus) articulatum, Adams and Reeve. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ,

obtained also at Arrou Islands. Recorded from Borneo,
China Sea, and East Indies.

„ ( „ ) turritum, Sowerby. (Albany Island, 3 to 12 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Bittium pupiforme, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, perparvulum, n.sp. (Station 186, Flinders Passage, and Torres Strait,

7 and 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Tonga, tabu and
Sandwich Islands.

„ xanthum, n.sp. Three specimens (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality^.

,, , six species undetermined. (Station 186, Flinders Passage, and Torres

Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms).

Triforis rujula, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ , nine species undetermined. (Station 186, Torres Strait, and Flinders

Passage, 3 to 11 fathoms).

Alabct ( ' Diala) albugo , n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
,, (Styliferino) goniochila, Adams. (Stations 186, 187, and Flinders Passage,

6 to 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Sandwich Islands,
40 fathoms. Recorded from Japan.

,, ( ,, ) sulcata, n.sp. One specimen (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

,, ( „ 1) fulva, n.sp. (Station 186 and Cape York, 3 to 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

,, sp. (?). (Station 186, 8 fathoms).

Litorina ( Hamus ) montrouzieri (Fischer). (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger Recorded
from New Caledonia.

Barleeia imbricata, n.sp. (Station 186, Flinders Passage, and Torres Strait,

3 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained also at Fiji and Sandwich
Islands.

Rissoa (A.lvania) trajecius, n.sp. (Stations 186, 187, Flinders Passage, and Torres

Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 188,
28 fathoms.

,, ( Onoba ) mercurialis, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

Cape York.

-rr

R l-

712

THE VOYAGE Ob' H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

C-AfE VuKK.

Jtissoa, four species undetermined. (Station 187, Torres Strait, and Flinders

Passage, 3 to 11 fathoms).

Rissoina reticulata (Sowerby) (?). (Station 186 and Flinders Passage, 8 and

7 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Pliilippines, Indian Ocean,
and West Indies.

triangularis n.sp. (Stations 186, 187, and Flinders Passage, 6 to

8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, men'CU'i'ialis, n.spu (Station 186, 8 fe thorns) ; obtained at no other locality.
„ sp. (?). (Flinders Passage).

Scaliola arenosa , Adams. (Stations 186, 187, Flinders Passage, and Torres Strait,

3 to 11 fathoms); obtained also at Station 185 and
Sandwich Islands.

„ bella, Adams. (Stations 186, 187, and Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms);

obtained also at Stations 172, 185, and Sandwich Islands.
,, caledonica , Crosse. (Stations 186, 187, Flinders Passage, and Torres

Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained also at Sandwich
Islands, 40 fathoms. Recorded from New Caledonia.
Shenea (?), two species undetermined. (Station 186 and Torres Strait, 3 to

11 fathoms).

ActsBon (Buccinulus) insculptus (Reeve) (?). One specimen (Flinders Passage,

7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

Riiigicula pusilla, n.sp. (Station 186, Flinders Passage, and Torres Strait,

3 to 1 1 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, assulamon, n.sp. (Flinders Passage, 7 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality.

,, sp. (?). (Station 186, 8 fathoms).

Atys hyalina, n.sp. (Stations 186 and 187, 8 and 6 fathoms); obtained also

at Fiji.

„ (Lflnia) dentij-ra, Adams. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Fiji.

,, , two species undetermined. (Station 186 and Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms).

V t ri< ulus planospira (Adams). (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained also at

Stat ion 188 (?), 28 fathoms. Recorded from Philippines.
„ amphizostus, n.sp. (Stations 186, 187, and Flinders Passage, 6 to

8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, mrniUimus, n.sp. (Station 186, Flinders Passage, and Torres Strait,

3 to 1 1 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ , two species undetermined. (Station 187, 6 fathoms).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

713

Utriculus ( Tornatina ) acrobeles , n.sp. (Station 186. 8 fathoms); obtained at no Cape York.

other locality.

,, ( „ ), two species undetermined. (Station 186 and Torres Strait,

3 to 11 fathoms).

Cylichna reticulata , n.sp. (Stations 186 and 187, 8 and 6 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

„ svbreticulata, n.sp. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

„ (Volvula) sulcata, n.sp. (Station 186 and Torres Strait. 3 to 11 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

., , three species undetermined. (Station 186 and Flinders Passage,

8 and 7 fathoms).

Latirus n.sp. (?). (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms).

Assiminea (?) sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms).

Leucorhynchia (?) sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms).

P OL YPLAGOPHOR.A (Haddon, Zool. pt. 43).

Acanthopleura spiniyer (Sowerby). One specimen (Station 187,6 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Australia and New Zealand to Philippines.

Francisia spinosa (Bruguiere). (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Ntjdibranchiata (Bergh, Zool. pt. 26).

Ckromodoris striatella, Bergh. Three specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines and Torres Strait.

Thordisa (?) clandestina, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

P olyzoa (Busk, Zool. pts. 30 and 50 ; Waters, pt. 79).

Chlidonia cordieri (Audouin). (Station 186, 8 to 11 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Atlantic
and Mediterranean.

Caberea lata, Busk. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 190,

45 fathoms. Recorded from Australia and New Zealand.

Carbasea cribriformis, Busk. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained also at

Stations 188 and 190, 28 and 45 fathoms. Recorded from
Australia and Cumberland Island. [Waters calls it

Flustra cribriformis (Busk)].

714

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Capr York.

SaUcoi'naria gracilis, Busk. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Retepora hirsuta, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

[ Waters calls it Retepora monilifera, form umbonata,
MacGillivray].

,, tubulata, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Lepralia celleporoid.es, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality. [Waters calls it Lepralia mucronata (Smitt)].

., dorsiporosa, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Escharoides occlusa, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 148

and Philippines. [Waters calls it Lepralia occlusa (Busk)].

Hasivellta australiensis (Haswell). (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 190, 49 fathoms. [Waters calls it Porina coronata,
var. labrosa, Reuss].

Adeonella pectinata, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Cel-lepora discoidea, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
,, tridenticulata,n.& p. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

C pul aria guineensis, Busk. One dead specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from New Guinea and Philippines.

Cnsia denticulata ( Lamarck). (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained also at St. Paul’s

Rocks and Tristan da Cunha.

Tdmonca eboracensis, n.sp. One specimen (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Amathia connexa, n.sp. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Tuxtc.it a (Herdman, Zool. pts. 17 and 38).

Cynthia formosa , n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

„ arenosa, n.sp. Several specimens (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at
no other locality.

Cohlla pulchra, n.g., n.sp. About a dozen specimens (Station 187, 6 fathoms);

obtained at no other locality.

Polyclinum depressum, n.sp. One specimen (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Pt>am maplidium ovatum, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (Torres Strait, 3 to 11 fathoms) ;

obtained at no other locality.

„ pyrijbnae, n.g., n.sp. Half a dozen specimens (Station 186,

8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

715

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pts. 6 and 78).

Myriodon waigiensis, Quoy and Gaimard. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

Mesoprion chrysotcenia, Bleeker. (Somerset, Cape York) ; obtained at no other-

locality by the Challenger.

Therapon servus, Linne. (Somerset) ; obtained also at Fiji.

,, candovittatus, Rich. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger.

Gerres abbre-viatus , Bleeker, (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Lethrinus nebulosus, Forsk, (Somerset) ; obtained also at Fiji.

Platycepkcdus insidiator, Forsk. (Somerset) ; obtained also at Mary River,

Queensland, Hong Kong, and Japan.

„ isacanthus, C.Y. (Station 187, 6 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

,, spinosus , Schleg. (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

,, pristiger „ C.Y. (Station 187, 6 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Pegasus natans, Linne. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Sillago ciliata, C.Y. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Caranx speciosus, Forsk. (Somerset) , obtained also at Fiji.

,, armatus, F orsk. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Chorinemus toloo, C.Y. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Trachynotus ovaius, Linne. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Gobius albopunctatus, C.Y. (Somerset) ; obtained also at Port Jackson.

,, bynoensis, Rich. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

,, ornatus, Rupp. (Somerset); obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Batrachus diemensis, Les. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Congrogadus subducens, Rich. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Mugil waigiensis, Quoy and Gaimard. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Glicer ops cyanodon, Rich. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

,, omw.opterus, Rich. (Station 186, 8 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger.

U\pe Yobk.

716

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

C *.»*!? York.

lielone strongylurus, Bleeker. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

,, cinnulata, C.V. (Somerset) ; obtained also at Fiji.
llemirhamphus quoyi , C.V. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

,, commersoni , Cuv. (Somerset) ; obtained also at Fiji.

Chirocenti'us dorab , Forsk. (Somerset) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challeng'er.

locality by the Challenger.

Bmnchiostoma cultellum , Peters. (North coast of Australia) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

In the foregoing list about 570 species of invertebrates and fishes are enumerated,
of which 171 are new to science, including representatives of 13 new genera ; 140 of the
new species and 7 new genera were not obtained elsewhere.

:j f. ithoms, off Albany Island, we got a few dead and one living Trigonia, several specimens
■ if Amphioxus , a specimen of a Nebalia apparently undescribed, and other things.
In deep r water, 12 fathoms, we got the Comatula, the stomachal sac of which has been

with Bopyrus, a Stenorhynchus which, like the Fistularia, mimics the sea-weeds, and

over < ighty specimens and found the following, all black and white : — Ophiurid, Alpheus,
Myzostotioi (large species, present on about every tenth individual and never more than

observed during the examination of the deposit from Station 186, 8 fathoms ; there is
only one pelagic species (Globigerina rubra) present, and it is rare : —

PhyllopU ryx tseniophoms, Gray. (Station 186, 8 fathoms); obtained at no other

With reference to these shallow-water dredgings, Willenioes-Sulnn writes : “ In

described by Lovdn as a Cystidean. A black and white striped Alpheus seemed to live
parasitical!}' on the Comatula, at least it was found attached. There were also a shrimp

Mic Polyzoa. The Comatuhe were very interesting from the variety of parasites ; I looked

three specimens), an Aphroditaeeous Annelid, and an Isopod ( Anilocra ) in the stomach.'’

Organisms from

THE Depoait.

FoitAMiMFF.RA (Brady, Zool. pt. 22). — The following species of Foraminifera were

liiluadnia ringens (Lamarck).

„ „ var. driolata, Brady.

.. «p. (!)•

ijpirotoculina ejxav<jta, d’Orbigny.

,, limbala, d'Orbigny.
MilUAina agyhdinan* (d’Orbigny).

MiliaUna oblonga (Montagu).

„ reticulata (d’Orbigny).

„ rupertiam , Brady.

„ tricarinata (d’Orbigny).

„ trigonula (Lamarck).

alc+otihifurmi*, Brady.
In nnana (d’Orbigny).

» 3p. (!).

Arliculina pp. (1).

Vertehralina striata , d’Orbigny.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

717

Hauerina drcinata, Brady.

„ ornatissima (Karrer).

Planispirina exigua, Brady.

„ sp. (?).

Peneroplis pertusus (ForekM).

Orbitolites complanata, Lamarck.

Alveolina bostii , Defrance.

Reophax scorpiurus, Montfort.

TexfzUaria agglutinans, d’Orbigny.

„ ,3 var. porrecta , Brady.

„ arnica, d’Orbigny.

„ gramen, d’Orbigny.

» sp. (?).

Yemeuilina spinulosa, Reuss (?).

Clavulina angularis, d'Orbigny, var. difformis, Brady.

„ parisiensis, d’Orbigny.

Bolivina limbata, Brady.

i Sagrina raphanus, Parker and Jones
! x Globigerina rubra , d’Orbigny.

Discorbina vesicularis (Lamarck).

Plunorbulina acervaMs , Brady.

Ro+alia beccarii (Linne).

„ calcar, d’Orbigny.

„ venusta, Brady.

Gypsina vesicularis (Parker and Jones).
Polystomella craticulata (Fichtel and Moll).

,, rrispa (Linne).

„ maceVa (Fichtel and Moll).

„ striatopundata (Fichtel and Moll),

,, subvodosa (Munster).

Amphistegina lessonii, d’Orbigny.

Operculina complanata (Defrance), var. granulosa,
Leytnerie.

Helerostegina sp. (?).

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface in the

vicinity of Cape York

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).

Eucalanus attenuatus (Dana).
Hemicalanus orientalis, n.sp.
Undina vulgaris, Dana
„ darwinii, Lubbock.
Scolecithrix danse (Lubbock).
Euchseta prestandrese , Philippi
Acartia laxa , Dana.

Pontella plumata (Dana).

Oncsea obtusa (Dana).

Saphirina ovalis , Dana.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Sergestes corniculum, Krpyer.
Oodeopus geminidentatus, n.g... n.sp.
„ serratus , n.g., n.sp.

,, armatus, n.g., n.sp.

„ intermedins, n.g,, n.sp.

, , duplex , n.g., n. sp.

Stations 188, 189, and 190 (Soundings 320 to 322), Arafura Sea (see Chart 31).
September 10 to 12, 1874.

At 8.30 a.m. on September 10 shortened and furled sails and brought ship to wind
for the purpose of dredging and trawling in 28 to 30 fathoms, deposit composed of sand
and shells, containing 38'70 per cent, of carbonate of lime (Station 188). At 1.20 r.M.
completed dredging and trawling, many specimens being procured, and made all plain
(summary or RESULTS CHALL. ESP. — 1893.) 91

Cape York.

Organisms from
Surface-]^ ets.

Stations 188
to 190

(Arafura Sea).

Arafura Ska.

sail. South point of Arrou Islands distant at noon. 366 miles. Made good 134 miles.
Amount of current 6 miles, direction W. During the night sounded every two hours,
the depths averaging about 30 fathoms, indicating the presence of the submarine plateau
which connects New Guinea and North Australia.

At 9.15 a.m. on September 11 shortened and furled 'sails, brought ship to wind,
and put over trawl, which was sent down three times in depths varying between
?5 and 29 fathoms, deposit Green Mud, containing 31 '13 per cent, of carbonate of lime
(Station 189). At 9.30 a.m. lowered whaler to try current. At 11.30 a.m. completed
trawling, many specimens being procured, and made sail. The carbonic acid was
determined in bottom water, and amounted to 28*7 milligrammes per litre. Distance at
noon from Ngor Island, south extremity of the Arrou Islands, 250 miles. Made good
1 13 miles. Amount of current 10 miles, direction N. 84° W.

At 1.45 i .M. on September 12 shortened sail, brought ship to wind, and put over
trawl, which was sent down three times in about 49 fathoms, deposit Green Mud,
containing 23*04 per cent, of carbonate of lime (Station 190). Many specimens were
obtained, along with a log of wood completely bored by Pholadids. The colour of the
wat< r hanged during the course of the afternoon from a light greenish-blue to a dark
blue. At 5.10 p.m. completed trawling and made sail. In the evening a booby
(Dys}x/rus sula) came on board the ship. Sea phosphorescent at night. Ngor Island
distant at noon, 147 miles. Made good 111 miles. Amount of current 8 miles, direction W.

A.M MAI > FROM
IIrfdoe
ami* Trawl.

T i. following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from these shallow- water
dredgings and trawlings in the Arafura Sea : —

Keratosa (Polejaeff, Zool. pt. 31).

lanthrlla fiubdliformis (Pallas). Two specimens (Station 188); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Cacospongi/i irregularis n.sp. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no

other locality.

Monaxomha (Ridley and Dendy, Zool. pt. 59).

Iihizothal ina Jislulosci (Buwerbauk). Sixteen specimens (Station 188); obtained

also at Station 73 and Bahia (?).

> 'leroderi a nariceUigcnnn, u.g., n.sp. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at

no other locality Only species of the genua.

Cloth na frontl'frra (Bowerbank). One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indian and Pacific Oceans.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

719

Echinodictyum rugosum, li.sp. One specimen (Station 190) j obtained at no Arafura Sea

other locality.

Cliona dissirnilis, n.sp. One specimen (Station 188, encrusting a Coral — Turbinano

sp.) ; obtained at no other locality.

Tetractinellida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

Disyringa dissirnilis (Ridley). (Station 188) ; obtained also in Torres Strait.

Alcyonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pts. 64 and 81).

Elasmogorgia filiformis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no

other locality. Only species of the genus.

Muricella umbraticoides, Studer. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

„ crassa , n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

Melitodes rubeola, n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ var. nov. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

Spongodes corymbosa, n.sp. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no

other locality.

,, monticulosa , n.sp. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no
other locality.

Teiesto ( Carijoa ) arborea, n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

Bebryce philippii, n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

Actiniaria (Hertwig, Zool. pt. 73).

Sphenopus marsupialis, Steenstrup. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 208,

18 fathoms.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Faraeyathus de fdippii (Duchassaing and Michelotti). One specimen (Station 190 ' ;

obtained also at Azores.

Flabellum stokesi, M. -Edwards and flaime. Numerous specimens (Stations 188 and

190) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Astrssa cibyssontm, n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained, also at Station 192, 129 fathoms.
Dmdrophyllia cornigera, Blainville. Many specimens (Station 190) ; obtained

also at Cape Verdes.

Reef Corals (Quelch. Zool. pt. 46).

Rhodopsammia parallela, Semper. Several specimens (Station 190) ; obtained

also at Philippines.

720

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

ARvruK* kea. Hydroida (Allman, Zool. pt. 20).

Acanthocladium huxleyi (Busk). (Stations 188 and 190) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
“ Rattlesnake” Expedition.

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Antedon elegans, Bell. Four specimens (Station 190); obtained at no other

*

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Torres Strait.
denticulata, n.sp. One specimen (Station 190); obtained at no other locality.

Astkroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Astropecten gramdatus, Muller and Troscbel. One specimen (Station 188);

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger. Original
locality unknown.

Luidia forftcifer, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 188); obtained also at Station 187.

Xymphaster symbolicus, n.g., n.sp. (Station 188); obtained also at Stations 192

(var. breviradiata ) and 204, 100 to 140 fathoms.

Stellaster incei, Gray. (Station 188); obtained also at Stations 186, 187, and 208.

Pchtrjbceros turritus, Linck. (Station 188) ; obtained also at Stations 137, 212,

and Philippines.

Nepanthia metadata, Gray. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Migupou.

Vhlpidastcr vannipes, n.g., n.sp. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Retast' r insignis , n.sp. (Station 189) ; obtained also at Station 187.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Qphioglypha kinbergi, Ljungman, (var. ?). (Station 188); obtained also at

Stations 161 and 1G2.

Ophiactis sp. (?). (Station 1 90). \

Oplituunthn discoidea, n.sp. (Station 190); obtained at no other locality.

Amphiura maxima, n.sp. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality.

„ sp. (?). (Arafura Sea).

Ophio/t'/c /> schaycri (Muller and Troschel) (?). (Arafura Sea); obtained also at

Station 162.

Ophiothrix longipeda (Lamarck). (Station 188); for distribution see Tongatabu.

„ steUigaa, Lyman (?). (Arafura Sea); obtained also at Station 186,

Fiji, and Philippines.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

721

Gphiothrix exigua, Lyman, (var. ?). (Station 188); obtained also at Station 208, Arafura Sea.

IS fathoms.

„ melanosticta, G rube. (Station 190); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Astrophyton exiguum, Agassiz. Young specimens (Station 190) ; obtained also at

Station 212, 10 to 20 fathoms.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Phyllacanthus annulif&ra (Lamarck). (Station 188); obtained also at Station 186

and Cape York.

Astropyga pulvinata (Lamarck). (Stations 188 and 190) ; obtained also at Sandwich

Islands, 18 fathoms.

Scihnacis rarispina , Agassiz. (Station 188) ; obtained also at Stations 186 and 203.

Fibularia volva, Agassiz, (Station 188), obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Peronella decagonalis (Lesson). (Stations 188 and 190); for distribution see

Station 172.

Temnopleurus hardwiclci (Gray), (Arafura Sea) ; obtained also at Station 192 and

Japan, 8 to 129 fathoms.

Laganum depressum, Lesson, (Arafura Sea) ; obtained also at Station 187.

Eupatctgus valenciennesii, Agassiz. (Station 188 and Arafura Sea); obtained also

at Port Jackson..

Lovenia elongatci, Gray. (Station 188); obtained also at Station 212 and

Simon’s Bay, Cape.

Brissopsis luzonica (Gray), (Station 188); obtained also at Stations 168,

191, 203, and 232.

Metalia maculosa (Gmelin). (Station 188); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Schizaster japonicus. n.sp, (Station 188) ; obtained also at Hong Kong and Japan,

8 to 50 fathoms.

Periaster limicola, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 188); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded subsequently from
Gulf of Mexico (“Blake”).

Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 39).

Synapta insolens, n.sp. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Holothuria martensii, Semper. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained also at

Station 203, 20 fathoms. Recorded from Amboina, Celebes,

Banda, Banka, and Darnley Islands.

Araitua Sea

722 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Ilolothuna ocellata, Jaeger. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Celebes.

I

Annelida (M ‘In tosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Chlocia jlava (Pallas). One specimen (Arafura Sea ?) ; obtained also at Station 233b,

15 fathoms. A widely-distributed species.

Ncphthys dibranchis , Grube. One specimen (Arafura Sea); obtained at no other

locality by "the Challenger. Recorded from Arafura Sea.
Xcreis (Plat y nereis) ara/urensis , n.sp. One specimen (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at

no other locality*

Eunice elseyi, Baird (?). Several specimens (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.
Protnlo ara/urensis, n.sp. One specimen (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality.

Myzostomida (Graff, Zool. pts. 27 and 61).

*M,j zostoma quadricaudatum, n.sp. (On Antedon elegans).

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Hairdia foveolaia, Brady. (Station 180) ; for distribution see Station 33.

Cythcre fuiigoides (Brady). (Station 189) ; obtained also at Stations 33 and 187.

,, euplectella. Brady. (Station 189); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Hong Kong.
adv.uca, Brady. (Station 189) ; obtained also at Station 191a. 580 fathoms.
Recorded from Java.

,, velivola, n.sp. (Station 189) ; obtained at no other locality.

Cytherella scmitalis, Brady. (Station 189) ; for distribution see Station 187.

cingulata, Brady. (Station 189) ; for distribution sec Port Jackson.

Cikripedia (Hock, Zool. pt. 25).

Halanvs <ocialis , n.sp. A dozen specimens (Station 188, attached to a fruit);

obtained at no other locality.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Proirlla grac'd is, Dana. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger. Recorded from Balabac Passage.

No POD A

II : 1 1 1 fpocimeiH, gem ra and species undetermined. (Station 190 and Arafura Soa).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

723

Stomatopoda (Brooks, Zool. pt. 45).

Squillci quinquedentcita, n.sp. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no

other locality.

„ lata, n.sp. Three specimens (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

Macruka (Spence Bate, Zo'ol, pt. 52).

Cheramus orientalis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at no
other locality. The only other species of the genus ( Cheramus
oecidentalis ) was taken at Station 23.

Thenus orientalis , Humph, One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian Ocean.

Aretus tubercvlatus, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

Penseus mono don, Fabricius. Two specimens (Station 188) ; obtained also at

Station 203, 20 fathoms. Recorded from India
and Japan.

velutinus, Dana, Sixty-two specimens (Stations 188 and 190) ; obtained
also at Stations 184, 186, 187, and 233.

„ incisipes, n.sp. One specimen (Station 190) ; obtained also at Station 203,

20 fathoms.

,, anchoralis, n.sp. Nine specimens (Stations 188 and 190) ; obtained also at

Arrou Islands and Japan.

,, jissurus, n.sp. Three specimens (Station 190); obtained also at Stations 204

and 209, 95 to 115 fathoms.

Philonicvs (Pleoticus) pectinatus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Station 188); obtained

at no other locality.

Sicyonia lancifer (Olivier). One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Japan and
the Indian Sea.

Pontocaris pennata, mg., n.sp. Three specimens (Station 190) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Alpheus avarus, Fabricius. (Arafura Sea) ; for distribution see Station 172.

,, neptunus, Dana. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Fiji and Sooloo Sea.

Nothocaris binoculus, n.g., n.sp. Four specimens (Station 190) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Dorodotes levicarina, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens (Station 188) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Nemutocarcinus proximatus, n.sp. Fifteen specimens (Station 188) ; obtained also

at Stations 146, 237, 300, and 302.

Arafura Sea

7*24

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER

Akomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Spimpagimis sponger (De Haan). Two specimens (Stations 188 and 190); for

distribution sec Torres Strait.

Pagurodes pili/crus, u.g., n.sp. (?). One specimen (Arafura Sea) ; obtained also at

Station 204, .100 to 115 fathoms.

Catopagurus australis , n.sp. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained also at Fiji.

Pachych les pulchellus (Haswell). One specimen (Station 188); obtained also at

Station ISO. '

Gclathe a australiensis , Stimpson. One specimen (Station 190) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Port Jackson.

Porcdlana serratifrons , Stimpson. One specimen (Arafura Sea) ; obtained also at

Hong Kong, 10 fathoms. Recorded from Hong Kong.

Buachvura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Egeria arachnoides (Rumph). Two specimens (Stations 188 and 190); obtained

also at Station 212, 10 fathoms. Recorded from
Indian, Australian, Malaysian, and Chinese seas.

Onti nopus o.ranca, De Haan. One specimen (Arafura Sea) ; obtained also at

Station 196 and Port Jackson.

If (tenia proteus, De Haan. One specimen (Arafura Sea) ; obtained also at Station 186.

Ma< vop>hthahnus podophthalmus, Eydoux and Souleyet (?). One specimen (Arafura

Sea) ; obtained also in Torres Strait.

Chorilibinia groxilipes, Miers. One specimen (Station 188); obtained also in

Torres Strait.

Hyastenus planasius (Adams and White). One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.
diacanthus (De Haan). One specimen (Station 190); obtained also at

Station 208, 18 fathoms. Recorded from Indo-
Pacific region.

Lamhrm longimanus (Linnc). Four specimens (Station 188) ; obtained also at

Amboina, 100 fathoms. Recorded from Indo-
Paeitic region.

( Aulacola'mbi'us ) hoplonotus, Adams and White, var. longiocidis, Miers.

One specimen (Station 188) ; the species obtained
also at Station 186 and Torres Strait.

C' i/ptojK)dia fuvnicota (Fabricius). One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

A '• rgatoj granulatus, M. -Edwards. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

725

Neptunus (Amphitrite) hastatoides (Fabricius). Five specimens (Station 188); Arafura Sea.

obtained also at Hong Kong and Japan, 8 to
50 fathoms.

„ ( „ ) gladiator (Fabricius). Two specimens (Station 188) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

,, ( Achelous ) whitei (M. -Edwards). Many specimens (Station 188) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

C'eratoplax arcuata, Miers. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Australia.

Noionyx nitidus, M. -Edwards. Two specimens (Station 188) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from New
Caledonia and Fiji.

Myrodes eudactylus , Bell. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Indo-
Malaysia, Australia, and New Caledonia.

Ebalia lambriformis (Bell). One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Australia.

Goniosoma ornatum, M.-Edwards. Two specimens (Station 190) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Myra fugax (Fabricius). Six specimens (Stations 188 and 190) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Indo-Pacific region.

Leucosia haswelli, n.sp. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained also at Station 212,

10 fathoms.

,, ocettata, Bell. Three specimens (Station 188); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

,, whitei, Bell. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

,, er aniolaris (Linne). Three specimens (Stations 188 and 190) ; obtained

also at Japan and Hong Kong, 10 to 50 fathoms

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Corbula macgilUvrayi, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ monilis, Hinds. (Station 188); obtained also at Stations 186 and 187.

,, tunica ta, Hinds. Two specimens (Station 189); obtained also at Port

Jackson and Amboina.

Myodora sp. (?). Single valve (Station 188) ; obtained also at Station 187.

(summary op results chall. esp. — 1893.) 92

726

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

a fi k a Ska.

Xatra clegans, Hinds. (Station 189); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from New Guinea, Moluccas,
Singapore, China Sea, and Japon.

Scmele amabilis, Adams. One specimen (Station 189); obtained at no other

local it}’ by the Challenger. Recorded from Port Curtis.

Marti sia striata (Linne). (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Solecurtus (Azor) coarctatus (Gmelin).' (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Psammobia pallida, Deshayes. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Red Sea, Malacca,
and Australia,

Tdlina ( Macoma ) arafurensis, n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ ( ?) tenuilamellata, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, (Any ulus) lux, Hanley, var. (Station 189) ; obtained also in Torres Strait.

Tapi $ ( Paratopes ) semirugata (Philippi). One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.
( ,, ) undulata, Born. (Station 189) ; obtained also at Station 233a,

8 to 50 fathoms. Recorded from Japan, China, and Ceylon.

Venus ( Chione ) lionota, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained also at Amboina, 15 to

20 fathoms (var.).

,, ( „ ) infans, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained also at Station 187.

„ ( „ ) foliacea, Philippi. (Station 189); obtained also at Stations 186

and 187.

Cythcra ( Caryatis ) regularis , n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained also in Torres Strait.

Circe australis, Sowerby. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

gibbia (Lamarck): (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Indian Ocean, Philippines, and
New Caledonia.

,, jucinda, n.sp. Two valves (Station 188); obtained also at Sandwich

Islands, 40 fathoms.

Dosinia lvstrio (Gmelin), var. (Station 189) ; obtained also at Station 187 and

Flinders Passage.

,, mira, n.sp. (Station 189) ; obtained at no other locality.

Card i urn {Bncardium) mvltispinosum, Sowerby. (Stations 188 and 189); obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines and China.

,, ( Fragwn ) torresi, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

727

Lucina ( Codctkia ) seminula, Gould. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

„ { ,, )pisum, Reeve. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Port Essington and Singapore.

,, ( Loripes ) desiderata, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Diplodonta corpulenta, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained also at Station 187.

,, conspicua, n.sp. (Station 188); obtained also at Station 187, Flinders
Passage, and Torres Strait.

Montacuta paula (Adams). (Station 188); obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Raine Island and Ceylon.

Cardita insignis, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Co/rditella torresi, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained also in Torres Strait.

,, infans , n.sp, (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Crassatella rhomboides, n.sp, (Station 188) ; obtained also at Station 187.

,, torresi , n.sp. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Trigonia uniophora , Gray. (Stations 188 and 189) ; obtained also off Albany Island.

Nueula obliqua, Lamarck. (Station 188) ; obtained also in Torres Strait.

Leda novse-guineensis, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, corbuloides, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, lata, Hinds. (Station 189) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Pectunculvs vitreus, Lamarck, (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Cape York.

Area ( Scapharca ?) consociata, n.sp. (Station 189) ; obtained at no other locality.

Limopsis cancellata (Reeve). (Station 188) ; obtained also at Station 186.

Spondylus victorise, Sowerby. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Amussium pleuronectes (Linne). (Station 188) ; obtained also at Station 203,

20 fathoms.

,, sciiulum , n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Ostrea imbricata, Lamarck. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from China and J apan

ScAPHOPODA AND GASTEROPODA (Watson, Zool, pt. 42).

Dentalium javanum , Sowerby. (Station 188); obtained also at Station 186

and Torres Strait.

„ longitrorsum, Reeve. (Station 189); obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger. Recorded from Zanzibar and China.

Adeorbis sp. (?). (Station 188).

Cyclostrema, two species undetermined. (Station 188).

Aea

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

1/ ’ ire.r (7’< Indus) acanthostephes , n.sp. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality.

(Chicoreus) cervicornis, Lamarck. (Station 1 88) ; obtained also at Station 1 87
and Albany Island.

Nassa ( Xiot/ia ) gemmulata (Lamarck). (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia, Philippines,
Japan, and Red Sea.

. 1 ncilla (J)ipsaccus) cingulata (Sowerbv). (Station 188); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from China seas and Australia.

Marginella sp. (?). (Station 188).

Volute ( Scaphello. ) tumeri, Gray. (Station 190); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Plcurotoma spedosa, Reeve. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from China.

„ ( Surcula ) leucotropis, Adams and Reeve. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from China,
Cochin-China, and Japan.

„ ( ,, ) tuberculata, Gray. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained also at Hong

Kong. Recorded from Japan, China, Saigun, and Java.

,. (Drillia) laterculata , Sowerby (Station 189); obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from China Sea.

Ckithurella(Daphnella)aulacoessa, n.sp. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality.

Terebm polygyrata, Deshayes. (Station 189) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Philippines and Australia.

„ friseriuta, Gray. (Station 189); obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from China, Philippines, and Australia.

Conus ( Lrptoconus ) lizardensis, Crosse. (Stations 189 and 190); obtained at no

other locality- by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.
. ( „ ) trigouus, Reeve (?). (Station 190) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

„ {Hermes) croceus, Smith (?). (Station 188); obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger. Original locality unknown.

Hantlla rano (Linne). (Stations 188, 189, and 190); obtained also at Station 203

and Amboina. Recorded from Australia, Moluccas, China,
and Japan.

Nassaria sinensis, Sowerby. (Station 188) ; obtained also off Albany Island.

Cassis (S* ruicassis) pila, Reeve. (Station 188); obtained also at Station 203 and

Port Jackson.

Xatica atypha, n.sp. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality.

„ nifa (Born). (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Indian Ocean and Malay Archipelago.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

729

Xenophora helvacecc, Philippi. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality by Arafura Sea.

the Challenger. Recorded from Madagascar.

Turritella cingulifera , Sowerby. (Station 188); obtained also at Fiji, Torres

Strait, and Amboina.

,, fastigiata, Adams and Reeve. (Stations 188 and 189) ; obtained at no
other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from China Sea.

Odostomia scopulorum, n.sp. (1). One specimen (Station 188); obtained also at

Sandwich Islands, 40 fathoms.

,, ( Turbonitta)rhcibdoides, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained atno other locality.

„ ( ,, ) dipsycha, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained also in Flinders

Passage (var. incerta

,, , three species undetermined. (Station 188).

Eulima martinii , Adams. (Station 188) ; obtained also in Flinders Passage.

Triforis dolicha , n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Cithna (?) sp. (Station 188).

Rissoa ( Alvania ) trajectus , n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained also at Stations 186, 187,

Torres Strait, and Flinders Passage.

,, sp. (?). (Station 188).

Rissoina miranda (Adams), (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Japan.

Skenea (?), two species undetermined. (Station 188).

Actseon Jlammeus (Gmelin). One specimen (Station 188); obtained also at

Station 172 and Fiji.

Utriculus planospira ( Adams) (?). One specimen (Station 188); obtained also at

Station 187.

,, complanatus , n.sp. One specimen (Station 188) ; obtained at no

other locality.

,, ( Tornaiina ) aratus , n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Nudibranchiata (Bergh, Zool. pt. 26).

Janolus australis , n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other
locality. Only species of the genus.

Bornella excepta, n.sp. One specimen (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality.

Ohola pacijica, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (Arafura Sea); obtained at no other
locality. Onty species of the genus. ■

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Octopus sp. (?). One immature specimen (Station 188)

Sea.

730 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

£kj’«' smthiy n.sp. Four specimens (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, papuensis, n.sp. Two specimens (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.
clliptica, n.sp. Eight specimens (Stations 188 and 190); obtained at

no other locality.

„ (Metascpia) pfefferi, n.sp. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at

no other locality.

L-'hgo indica , Plotter. Thirteen specimens (Stations 188 and 190); obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Java.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pts. 30 and 50 ; Waters, pt. 79).

Catenicella elegans, Busk. (Station 188); obtained also at Stations 122,

135, and 163a.

Scrupocellaria ciliata (Audouin). (Station 188) ; obtained at no other localit}^ by

the Challenger. Recorded from Mediterranean (?),
Cape Verdes, and Australia.

Nellia oculata, Busk. (Stations 188 and 190) ; obtained also at Stations 148, 151,

208, and Bahia.

Caberea lata, Busk. (Station 190); obtained also at Station 186.

Carbasea cribriformis, Busk. (Stations 188 and 190) ; obtained also at Station 186.

Amathia semi spiral in (Kirchenpauer). (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Samoa.

Vesiculorio papuensis, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Cylindrcecium pa'puense, n.sp. (Station 188, parasitic on Amathia semispiralis) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Retepora columnifera, n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, delicatula , n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

Escho.ra gracilis, Lamarck. (Station 190) ; obtained also at Station 162.

Macroiitdla bisinuata (Smitt). (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Gulf of Florida.

Heovelh" austraHensis (Haswell). (Station 190) ; obtained also at Station 186.

[Waters calls it Porina coronata, var. labrosa, ReussJ.

Adroruil/i inf ricaria, n.g., n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

Brachiopoda (Davidson, Zool. pt. 1).

D'scino Stella , Gould. Five valves (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger. Recorded from Singapore, Philippines, and China seas.

TrMfATA (Herdmau, Zool. pt. 17).

M ■ rocosnvxs he/leri, n.sp. One specimen (Station 188); obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

731

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pts. 6 and 78).

Trygon pastinaca, Linne. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained also at Japan.

Serranus cliacanthus, C.V, (Station 189); obtained also at Station 203, 20

fathoms, and Hong Kong.

Mesoprion annularis, C.V. (Station 189); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Apogon monogramma, n.sp. (Arafura Sea); obtained at no other locality.

„ septemstricctus, n.sp. (Arafura Sea) ; 'obtained at no other locality.

„ arafurss, n.sp. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality.

Acropoma japonicum, Gunther (?). (Arafura Sea); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Priacanthus benmehari, Schleg. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Pentapus vitta, Quoy and Gaimard. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Pterois lunulata, Schleg. ( = Pterois volitans, Linne?). (Arafura Sea); obtained

also at Japan.

Minous pictus, n.sp. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality.

Platycephalus malabaricus, C.V. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

,, sculptus, n.sp, (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality.

Lepidotrigla spiloptera, n.sp. (Arafura. Sea) ; obtained also at Station 192,

129 fathoms.

Dactylopterus orientalis, C.V. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Champsodon vorax, Gunther. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained also at Stations 192, 204,

and 219, 115 to 152 fathoms.

Uranoscopus fuscomaculatus, Steindachner. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Fiji.

,, kaianus, n.sp. (Station 188); obtained also at Station 192,

129 fathoms.

Upeneoides sp. (?). (Arafura Sea).

Callionymus longicauclatus, Schleg. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Tetrabrachium ocellatum, n.g., n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Xiphochilus quadrimaculatus, n.sp. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality.

Pseudorhombus russelli, Gray. (Station 190) ; obtained also at Station 203,

20 fathoms.

732

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

t:A Rhoinboidichthys angustifrons, u.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

„ spilurus, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained also at Philippines.

Arnoglassus asjilus, Bleeker. (Station 188); obtained • at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Lwops pa mice j >3, n.g., n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained also at Station 163a. Only

species of the genus.

Brack gpleura novse-zeedandise , Gunther. (Stations 188 and 190); obtained at no

other-locality by the Challenger.

Synaptura zebra, Bl. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
,, arafurensis, n.sp. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality.

Cynoglossus kopsi, Bleeker. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Cnidoglanis nudiceps , n.sp. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality.

Saui'us intei'medius, Agassiz. (Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Atlantic.

Saurida grandisquamis , Gunther. (.Arafura Sea) ; obtained at no other locality.

Moiuicanthus penidlligerus, Cuv. (Station 188); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

„ Jilicauda, n.sp. (Station 188) ; obtained at no other locality.

Tetrodon nigropunctatus, Bl. (Station 190) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Gobius sp. (?), young. (Station 190, from log of wood in the trawl).

In addition, the Station-book records a large Echiurid.

In the foregoing list 282 species are enumerated, of which 102 are new to science,
including representatives of 15 new genera ; 75 of the new species and 6 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

Willemocs-Suhm writes: “The bottom fauna of the Arafura Sea is rather poor;
there are no large shells nor Crustacea. Corals and fishes seem to be richly developed,
and to have an Indian facies. Among the animals obtained I found a Gephyrean, which
i- of great interest tx me, and the anatomy of which I closely examined. Its total
length was 62'5 mm., width 23 mm., length of proboscis 12*5 mm., length of ovaria
15 mm., length of excretory organs 28 mm. The mouth was a sort of pouch formed by
the short proboscis, which had a sLit with fimbriated edges on its inferior surface. The
mouth led into a muscular oesophagus, and this again into a folded intestine, which at its
end received two very long excretory organs. The longitudinal muscles were well
developed, seven bands being clearly visible externally. On the ventral anterior surface

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

733

were two hooks common to all Echiuri, but there were none at the posterior end, which
was separated from the rest of the body by a ring of larger papillae, and ended in a point,
on which was the anus. The ganglion writh nerves going into the anterior portion was
clearly visible ; there were four ovaria. The animal is closely allied to Thalassema as
well as to Echiurus , holding a median position between those two genera.”

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface of the
Arafura Sea : —

Diatomacea:. — The following species of Diatoms were observed by Mr. Comber.

Navicula di-dans, Ralfs.

„ arenaria, Donkin.

„ formosa, Gregory.

„ bombus, Kutzing.

„ nitescens, Raifs.

„ aspera, Ehrenberg.

,, „ var. intermedia , Grunow. _

„ ,, var. pygmsea, ( = Stauroneis

pygmsea , Castracane).

„ clepsydra , Donkin.

Fleurosigma strigosum, W. Smith.

,, japonicum , Castracane.

,, elegantissimum, Castracane.

„ macilentum, Peragailo.

„ naviculaceurn , Brebisson, var.

arafurensis, Castracane.

Amphipr&ra alata, Kutzing.

Nitzschia constrida, Gregory, and forma parva.

„ mammalis, Castracane.

,, acuminata, Grunow.

,, dubia , W. Smith.

,, socialis, Gregory, var. indica , Castracane

„ sigma, W. Smith.

longvsima , Ralfs, var. reversa, Grunow

Thala-ssiothrix nitzsehioides, Grunow.

„ longissima, Cleve and Grunow,

„ frauenfeldii, Grunow, var. tenella,

Grunow.

Synedra pliilippinarum, Castracane.

Sunrella fastuosa, Ehrenberg.

Campylodisc us b iangulaius, G reville.

Cyclotella striata, Grunow, var. baltica , Grunow.

Paralia sulcata, Cleve.

Slephanopyxis corona, Grunow.

„ superba, Grunow.

„ palmeriana, Grunow.

„ hyalina, Grunow.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.)

H yalodiscus stelliger, Bailey.

Coscinodiscus excentricus, Ehrenberg.

„ lineatus, Ehrenberg.

„ curvatulus, Grunow.

„ ,, var. recta, Battray.

„ normanni, Gregory.

„ subtilis, Ehrenberg.

„ concinnus, W. Smith, var. arafurensis,

Rattray ( = C. papuanus, Castracane).
„ concinnus, var. j ones/’ ana, Rattray.

„ radiaius, Ehrenberg.

„ crassus, Bailey.

,, nodulifer, Janisch.

,, oculus-iridis, Ehrenberg.

,, nobilis, Grunow.

„ janischii, A. Schmidt, var. arafurensis,

Grunow.

,, gigas, Ehrenberg.

„ gazelles, Janisch ( = Ethmodiscus sp.,

Castracane).

Ethmodiscus tympanum, Castracane,

Actinoptychus trilingidatus, Greville.

„ areolatus, A. Schmidt.

„ undulatus, Ehrenberg.

Adinocyclus concentricus, Rattray.

,, complanatus, Castracane.

Palmeria hardmaniana, Greville.

Hemiaulus chinensis, Greville, forma excentrica.

Biddulpliia chinensis, Greville.

„ indica , Roper.

Triceratium distinctum, Janisch.

,, scitidum , Brightweil, forma guadrata.

„ muricatum, Brightweil.

Belleroehia malleus, Yan Heurck ( = Triceratium,
Brightweil).

Eucampia zodiacus, Ehrenberg.

„ „ var. nodosa, Grunow.

93

Arafura Sea.

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

734

TJIE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Aiunnu 8ka.

Molleria comma, Clevo.

Lamleria annulaia. Clove.

„ mosdeyana, Castracane.

Ithizosolenia rohusta , Norman.

„ indica, Peragallo.

,, arofureneis, Castracane.

,, striata, Greville ( = /?. imbricata,

Brightwell).

„ calcar-avis, Schultze.

„ cochlea, Brun. *

„ styli/ormis, Brightwell.

„ „ var. polydactyla, Peragallo.

„ temperei, Peragallo.

„ stolterfothii, Peragallo.

Ouinardia flaccida, Peragallo { — Ithizosolenia,
Castracane).

Ceraiaulina bergonii, Peragallo.

Choetocevos boreal e, Bailey.

„ peruvianum , Brightwell.

„ lorenzianum, Cleve.

„ coarctatum, Lauder.

„ divereum, Cleve.

„ incisor, Ralfs.

„ protuberans, Lauder.

„ javanicum, Cleve.

„ secundum, Cleve.

„ compresmm, Lauder.

„ distans, Cleve.

>• SP- (V-

Baeteriastrum varians, Lauder (inch B. spirillum.,
Castracane).

,, wallichii, Ralfs, var. hispida,

Castracane.

„ brevispinum , Castracane.

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt, 23).
Calanus valgus, n.sp.
Eucalanus setiger, n.sp.

Undine vulgaris, Dana.
Euchseta prestandresp. Philippi.
Temora dubia (Lubbock).

Cen 1 ropages f .treat us ( Dana).
Pen della acuta (Dana).

,, kroyeri, n.sp.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Tetrathyrus am fur x, n.sp.
Arujiftithy/'us sp. (?).

Schizopoda (Bars, Zool. pt. 37).

j Euphausia latifrons, n.sp.
Siriella gracilis , Dana.

Macritra (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Lucifer typus, Thompson.

,, reynaudii, M. -Edwards.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65 ).
Clio ( Creseis ) acicula (Rang).

The tow-nets were filled with a yellowish slime, which proved to be a mass of
Pi .toms, having the same general aspect as those obtained on March 3, 1874, towards
the Antarctic, but the species were different ; Ithizosolenia was the most abundant. The
1 »i itoms were sometimes massed together, looking like some of the compound Radiolaria ;
• Mie jelly -mass observed seemed to be covered with small cylindrical forms, containing
iinid' of tin- two or three lanceolate or fusiform varieties, which exhibited motions.
The niii'-o were of a brown-green colour, and were sufficiently numerous to colour the
- i t<- some extent. Many of the Diatoms had attached to them Epistylis,
Cari /o.y < m, and Vorticella with contractile threads, Stentor sessile on the large forms,
11 Living and very beautiful under the microscope. Ithizosolenia became less plentiful,
m ' | of Cose i nod sens more abundant, on approaching the Arrou Islands, and

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

735

organisms indicative of oceanic conditions increased in number. The sea was covered in
many places by long broad lines and patches of Oseillatoriaeese ( Ti ich od esmmm '? ) , which
evidently did not extend much below the surface, not being taken by the tow-net when
dragged under the surface. There was a smell from the patches as from a weedy pond.
The patches were of a brown or reddish colour, and the threads in some species were
arranged in bundles and in other species in round patches. Oscillatoriacere had not
previously been met with in such abundance. A few specimens of Pyrocy.stis, many
specimens of Peridinium, and a very elegant organism like it, were also present, and in
addition the following were observed : — Acanthometra, Diphyes, Rhizostoma, and other
jelly-fishes, larvae of Chirodota, Sagitta, larval Annelid with tube, Copepods, Lucifer, Zoeae,
and other Crustacea, larval Gasteropods, Atlanta, Styliola, Ileterofusus [ ==. Limacina ],
Theceurybia [ = Ilolopsyche] gaudichaudi , larval Pteropods, Sad/pa, Appendicularia,
and fishes. Sharks, dolphins with pointed noses, porpoises, and a turtle were seen
alongside the ship. The porpoises wrere in great abundance about the ship on
September 13 : they had a high falcate back fin placed about the middle of the body,
blunt snout, and black colour, the belly not being conspicuously lighter in colour. The
animals frequently swam in pairs close beside one another. A frigate bird wras seen
hovering over a shoal of the porpoises, apparently trying to pick up disabled fish.

The surface animals of the Arafura Sea are very slightly pelagic in their characters,
being more like those of some bay or harbour. It may be noted that one living Rotalia
was taken in the tow-net, but not a single specimen of Globigerina, Orbulina,
Pulvinulina , or other pelagic Foraminifera was taken in the tow-nets while crossing the
Arafura Sea, although these were never absent from the nets in the open ocean.

The Challenger remained at the Arrou Islands from September 14 till September 23,
1874 (for description of the islands see Narr. Chall. Exp., vol. i. pp. 545-552). The
following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports as having been obtained in
shallow water and on shore at the Arrou Islands : —

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Antedon variipinna, Carpenter. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 186.

Actinometra paucicirra, Bell. Three specimens: obtained also at Station 187 and

Cape York.

Entozoa (Linstow, Zool. pt. 71).

Filaria fabellata, n.sp. Several specimens (parasitic m Paradisect apodal).

„ paradises, n.sp. One specimen (parasitic in Paradisea apoda ).

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Glycerg sagittarise, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Arafura Sr a.

At Arrou
Islands.

Animals from
Arrou Islands.

73G

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

P citSBHS anchorcdis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 188, 190,
and Japan.

\nomcha (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Ccenobita nigosa, M. -Edwards. (Shore) ; for distribution see Fiji.

Brachyuka (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Ceratocar, inns lovgimanus, Adams and White. One specimen ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Borneo and Balambangen.

Neptunus (Amphitrite) tuberculosus , M. -Edwards. One specimen ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Ocupoda ceratophthalma (Pallas). Several specimens ; for distribution see Fiji.
Gclasimus vocans (Linn^). One specimen; obtained also at Fiji.

„ tetragonon (Herbsl). Three specimens ; obtained also at Tahiti.

Grapsus strigosus (Ilerbst). One specimen; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Indo-Pacific region.
Sesarmo ( Ilulomctopus ) avhryi, M. -Edwards. One specimen ; obtained also at

New Hebrides and Admiralty Islands.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Trod ms ( Ziziphivus ) armensis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Xassa ( Niotha ) sordida, Adams. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Philippines.

Phos roseatus, Hinds. Obtained also at Stations 208 and 212, 10 to 20 fathoms.

Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, senticosns (Linn**). Obtained at no othei locality by the Challenger. Recorded

from Philippines and Andamans.

Oliva (G<deola) picta, Reeve. Obtained also at Station 172 and Amboina.

.'\fitrn ( Caticilla ) Intcrlirata, Reeve (?). Obtained also at Stations 172, 185, and Fiji.

,, ( Covtdlano ) sculptilis, Reeve. Obtained also at Cape York.

Itaudla margaritula , Deshayes. Obtained also at Station 208, 18 fathoms.

Recorded from East Indies.

Strombwi sp. (?).

Ccrithiurn ( Vertagus) articulatu/m, Adams and Reeve. Obtained also at Station 187.
,, ( „ ) kodii, Philippi. Obtained also at Amboina. Recorded from

Indian and Pacific Oceans.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

737

Heteropoda (Smith, Zool. pt. 72),

Cardiopoda placenta (Lesson). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 38).

Diplosomoides mode, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

In the foregoing list 27 species are enumerated, of which 6 are new to science,
including representative of 1 new genus ; 5 of the new species were not obtained
elsewhere.

Surface Organisms. — The following are recorded in the note-books as having been
taken in the tow-nets in the neighbourhood of the Arrou Islands : — Diatoms of various
forms, Vo rticella abundant on the Diatoms, Pyrocystis, Peridinium, Oscillatoriacese,
small - Globigerina with spines (the first taken in the tow-net since leaving Raine Island),
Acanthometra, Diphyes, Echinoderm larvae, Sagitta, Gypridina , Saphirina and other
Copepods, Hyperids, Thysanopoda , Lucifer in immense numbers, Zoeae and other larval
Crustacea, small Lamellibraneh and other shells, Atlanta , Styliola and other Pteropods,
Salpa, Appendicularia, and many fish eggs. Shoals of fishes were seen, and Ehizostoma
and other jelly-fish were observed floating past the ship.

Station 191 (Sounding 323), Arrou Islands to Banda (see Charts 31 and 32,
and Diagram 1 4).

September 23, 1874; lat. 5° 41' S., long. 134^ 4' 30'7 E.

Temperature of air at noon, 81°*8 ; mean for the day, 80°'l.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, ....

82-2

500 fathoms,

41-5

100 fathoms,

67-5

600 „

40-5

200 „ ...

51-5

700 „

39-8

300 „ ...

46-0

Bottom,

39-5

400 „ ...

43-2

Density at 60c F. at surface,

1*02496.

Depth, 800 fathoms; deposit, Green Mud, containing 13*95 per cent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

Arrou Islands.

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

Station 191.

At 5 A.M. got up steam. At 7.30 a.m. weighed anchor and proceeded under steam
out of Dobbo Harbour. At 9.30 a.m. sounded in 48 fathoms. At 10.10 a.m, stopped

73H

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station HU.

and sounded in 800 fathoms off Wamma Island. Put trawl over. At 1 p.m. obtained
- ii; l temperatures down to the bottom. At 5.20 p.m. hove up trawl containing many
specimens, worm-tubes, and pieces of wood. At 5.40 p.m. made sail, and shaped course
towards the Ki Islands.

AS1IU.CS KKOM

Trawl.

'flic following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at

this Station : — . !

* ■ "*

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

D'ltocyathm italicus, M. -Edwards and Haime (?). One specimen ; for distribution'

see Station 24.

Asteroidka (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Pcmtaster vwnicus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Recorded

subsequently from Indian Ocean (“Investigator”).

Dytaster lequivocus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Porccllanaster caulifer, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Porania sp'culata , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 150 and 151.
Cnemidaster uyrillii, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species of

the genus.

Asferias vesiculosa , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Libidmster annulatus , n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 149,

150, and 151.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Pect'i nro heros, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Opfiuviiiusiv.m lyrrKtni, Wyvillc Thomson. For distribution see Station 45.
Ophiactis sp. (?), (young).

Ampliiura concolor , n.sp. Obtained also at Station 195, 1425 fathoms.

OphiocJiiton fastigatus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Station 232, 345 fathoms.

Oph wcaniho cosmica, n.sp. For distribution see Station 122.

Echixoidka (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Phormox xem luculentnm, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 200 and 205, 255

and 1050 fathoms.

Pourtal if faguncula , n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 108, 169, 232, and 244.
Arfjnprpagus vitreus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species of

the genus. •

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

739

Maretia cdta, Agassiz. Obtained also at Station 192, 129 fathoms. Station 191.

'Hemiaster gibbosus , n.sp Obtained also at Station 232, 345 fathoms.

Cionobrissus revinctus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species

of the genus.

Bnssopsis luzonica (Gray). Obtained also at Stations 168, 188, 203, and 232.

Aerope rostrata. Wyville Thomson, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also off coast of Portugal.

Only species of the genus.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).

Gnathophausia ingens (Dohrn). One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded, from African coast.

„ calcar ata, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 214,

500 fathoms.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Phoberus tenuimanus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Nphropsis sukmi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

HaUporvs neptunus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at Station 196,

825 fathoms Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean
(" Investigator ”).

Merhippolyte orientalis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality,

Acanthephyra acutifrons, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 213 and

214. 2050 and 500 fathoms.

Pr ocletes bicmgulatus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool, pt. 69).

Municlopsis brevimana , n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 218,

1070 fathoms.

Brachyttra (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Eihusa i Etlbusina ) gracilipes, n.sp., var. robust a, nov. Three specimens ; obtained

also at Station 195, 1425 fathoms. The species was
taken at Station 207, 700 fathoms.

Lamellibranceiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Nucula sp. (?). Single valve.

Malletia arrouana, n.sp, Obtained at no other locality. Recorded subsequently

from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator ”) ('?).

Modiola watsoni, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 207, 700 fathoms.

740

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Plcurotoma {Typhlornangelia) paupera, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ ( Spirotropis ) bracliytona , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Natica ( Amauropsis ) apora, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 169 (?).

Scapthander mundus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Mel amplifies mizolepis , n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean (“Investigator”).
Cowstoma el-ongatum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 194a,

360 fathoms. Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean
(“ Investigator ”).

Chauliodus sloanii, Bl. Schn. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 60, 104,

216a, and 235.

In addition to the foregoing, the Station-book records a Sternaspis.

Excluding Protozoa, over 50 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to 43 species, of which 34 are new to science, including
representatives of 12 new genera ; 17 of the new species and 3 new genera were
not obtained elsewhere.

It was observed that the stomach and intestines of all the Echini were filled with
mud, quite the same as the top layer procured in the sounding-tube.

WiHemoes-Suhm writes : “ The Gnathophausia taken to-day is very like
Gnat'iophausii i yigas, the first species we obtained between Bermuda and the Azores.
The nude differs from that species in many points, but only a very small specimen was
obtain' d, and the carapace of the female was soft and out of shape, as the animal had
u.v ix-en moulting. There was another small Decapod [ = Nephropsis suhmi\ differing
from the A at acid® in the absence of the outer antennal scale and of the flagellum, and
from the Palinurid© in the presence of three pairs of chela?, — a very interesting form
interim diat between those two families, which we have already taken in 700 fathoms,
off Bermuda, and which l called in my notes Nitocris [ = Nephropsis] rosea. A large
\-t i id seemed to be most closely allied to Ncphrops differing apparently only in the
rudimentary condition of the eyes, which were situated underneath the rostrum. The
stalk was very short, and there was only a trace of an optical apparatus at the end on
the inferior surface ; there were some hairs at the end of the stalk.”

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

741

Surface Organisms. — The following species is recorded from the surface at this Station 191.

Station : — Organisms from

Surface-Nets.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 78).

P senes arafurensis, n.sp.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-hooks : — Peridinium abundant,
very few Diatoms, a few Oscillatoriacese, Orbulina, Diphyes and other Siphonophorse,

Sagitta, Saphirina, Hyperia, Lucifer, and other Crustacea, small Lamellibranch shells,

Heteropods ( Carcliopoda placenta), several species of Pteropods and larvae, including
Theceurybia [ = Halopsyche), several species of Safa, Appenclicularia, and small fishes.

Station 191a (Sounding 824), Arrou Islands to Banda (see Charts 31 and 32, and Station 191a.
Diagram 14).

September 24, 1874 ; lat. 5° 26' S., long. 133° 19' E.

Temperature of air at noon,

82J'8 ; mean for the day, 81°’l.

Temperature of water

Surface, ....

81 -5

125 fathoms,

63-0

25 fathoms,

80-0

150 „ . . .

59-0

50 „ ...

75-5

175 „ . . .

54-7

75 „ ...

71-5

200 „ . . .

5U5

100 „ ...

67-5

Bottom,

40-7

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 ’02579 ; bottom, 1 ’02581.

Depth, 580 fathoms ; deposit, Green Mud, containing 40’20 per cent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chalk Exp.).

At daylight observed land ahead. Got up steam. At 6 a.m. sounded in
580 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures at intervals of 25 fathoms down to
200 fathoms. At 7.30 a.m. completed observations and made all plain sail. At 9.30 a.m.
observed native proas pulling for ship and coming alongside, with inhabitants of the
island of Great Ki. At 11.45 a.m. got up steam, and sounded in 100 fathoms, no
bottom. At 12.20 p.m. proceeded under steam. Rounded the north end of Great Ki
Island. At 2.30 p.m. shortened and furled sails. Observed Little Ki Island ahead. At
6.30 p.m. stopped and anchored in 7 fathoms off the island. Native boats came alongside
with flags flying, and to the sound of the native drum. Later in the evening the natives
performed various dances on the upper deck. Exhibited blue lights for their amusement.
(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) 94

742

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

SCATIOK 191a.

Ohoan^wa FROM

tub Deposit.

Organism* from
Sl'RFACB-N'BTS.

Station 192.

Ostkacoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3). — The following species were observed in the deposit
from this Station (see also Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.) : —

Macrocypris sp. (?).

Bairdia formosa, Brady (?). Obtained also at Stations 76, 120, and 122.

Cythere adunca , Brady. Obtained also at Station 189.

,, dictyon, n.sp. Widely distributed (see Station 24).

„ radula, n.sp. Single valve ; obtained at no other locality.

„ acanthoderma, n.sp. Widely distributed (see Station 64).

„ dasyderma, n.sp. Widely distributed (see Station 5).

Krithe bartonensis (Jones). Obtained also at Station 149.

Cytherideis sp. (?).

Cytherella lata, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 24, 75, 120, and 185.

„ punctata , Brady. Obtained alsoat Stations 135, 167, 305, and Port Jackson.

Surface Organisms. — The following are recorded in the note-books : — Peridinium,
Pyrocystis, Globicjerina, Pulvinulina mcnardii (observed for the first time since leaving
Raine Island), Acanthometra and other Radiolaria, Saphirina and other Copcpods,
Hyperia, Ivucifer , and other Crustaceans, Atlanta, Hyalxa [ = Cavolinia\, Styliola, and
other small shells, Bed pa, and Ajrpendicidai'ia. Altogether the organisms from the tow-
net were more oceanic in character than observed since leaving the outside edge of the
Great Barrier Reef of Australia.

Station 192 (Sounding 325), Arrou Islands to Banda (see Chart 32).

September 26, 1874 ; lat. 5 °49' 15" S., long. 132° 14' 15" E.

Temperature of air at noon, 835,3 ; mean for the day, 80° 3.

Temperature of water at surface, 82°-0.

Density at 6(T F. at surface, 1 ’02585.

Depth, 140 and 129 fathoms; deposit, Blue Mud, containing 8’30 per cent, of
carbonate of lime, with large pieces of honeycombed Globigerina rock,
containing 79 56 per cent, of carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard,
Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

\t 5 a.m. got up steam. At 6.30 a.m. weighed anchor and proceeded out of Ki Doulan
HarD 'ir. Observed several islands to the west not marked in the chart. At noon
mound' d in 90, 17. and 170 fathoms. Proceeded S.W. by W.. and at 2 r.M. stopped and
sounded in 134 fathoms. At 3.30 p.m. stopped aud sounded in 129 fathoms, and
obtained two hauls with the trawl in 129 to 140 fathoms with the most satisfactory

ummaiy ol' Rnstlll:- - _ Th.e Voyage of H.M. S Ch.aU «nger.

H

d

*'^00%

£>

^

R] ■ i

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

743

results. At 7.30 p.m. made sail. At 8 p.m. stopped and sounded in 50 fathoms, no
bottom. At midnight observed the Three Brothers Islands about three or four miles
ahead. Sounded in 65 fathoms, no bottom. The numerous islands which came in
sight during this day presented the same appearance as previously noticed at the Arrou
and Ki Islands — mostly low and flat — some hilly, but all covered with abundant
vegetation from the shore to the summit. Whilst some of these islands were altogether
omitted on the chart, the position of others seemed to be incorrectly laid down — a
condition of affairs now put an end to by the careful observations of the surveying officers
during this day’s cruise. While trawling, a number of small birds ( Thalassidroma ) were
observed some distance from the ship, also several frigate birds and one or two gulls.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Monaxonida (Ridley and Dendy, Zool. pt. 59).

Esperiopsis pulchellci, n.sp. One specimen.; obtained at no other locality.

Myxilla paucispinata , n.sp. Two fragments ; obtained at no other locality.

Tetractinellida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

Triptolemus clcidosus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Cydonium hirsutus, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Discodermia panoplia, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Corallistes thomasi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Callipelta ornatct, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Scleritoderma flabelliformis , n.sp. Five specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Siphonidium capitatum, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Azorica marginata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Tretolophus paniceus, n.g\, n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Epallax callocyathus , n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Dorypleres dendyi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Hexactinellida (Schulze, Zool. pt. 53).

Lanuginella pupa, Schmidt. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Cape Verdes.

Station 192.

Animals from
Trawl.

744

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

sr v . i .>■ 19'j. Polylophus philippinensis (Gray). Several specimens ; obtained also at Station 209,

95 fathoms.

Crateromorpha thierfelderi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ murrayi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Pheronemci globosum, n.sp. Five specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, giganteum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Semperella schultzei, Semper. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 209,

95 fathoms.

Eurete semperi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ fan ' eopsis , Carter. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

,, carteri, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Recorded

subsequently from Japan.

,, marshalli , n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Hexactinella lata, n.sp. A few specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Cyrtaulon solutus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Fieldingia lagettoides, Kent. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from coast of Portugal.

Myliusia callocyathus, Gray. Three specimens ; obtained also at Stations 24 and 194.

Aulocystis zittelii (Marshall). Two specimens; obtained also at Station 194a,

360 fathoms.

Euretid, two specimens.

Dictyonine, one specimen.

Alcyonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Dasygorgia cupresso, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Thouarella hilgendorji (Studer). Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Japan.

Caligorgia sertosa, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

M micella tenera, Ridley. One specimen; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Parisis fruticosa , Verrill. One specimen; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Sulu Sea.

Pleurocorallium secundum , Dana. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 145
and 194.

Spongodes collar is, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

„ laxa, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ rhodosticta, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

745

Pennatulida (Kolliker, Zool. pt. 2). Station 192.

Penncitula murrayi, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Stachyptilum macleari, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Trichoptilum brunneum, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Antipatharia (Brook, Zool. pt. 80).

Aphanipathes cancellata, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

[Antipathes] cylindrica, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Caryophyllid clavus, Scac-chi, var. borealis , Duncan (?). One specimen ; obtained

at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ „ ,, var. transversalis, nov. Five specimens ; obtained

at no other locality.

Other varieties obtained at Stations 75, 219, and 308.

,. rugosa, n.sp. Six specimens; obtained also at Station 201 (?),

102 fathoms.

Deltocyatlius magnijicus, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Cyathoceras rubescens, n.g., n.sp. One specimen and fragment; obtained at no

other locality. The only other species of the genus
(Cyathoceras cornu) was taken at Stations 163 and 320.
Sphenotrochus rubescens, n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Flabellum patens , n.sp. Six specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Astrsea abyssorurn, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 190.

Balanophyllia malaccensis, Kent. One specimen; obtained also at Station 201 (?),

102 fathoms.

,, cornu , n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, rediviva, n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Stephanophyllia complicata , n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, formosissima, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained also at Station 209,

95 fathoms.

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pts. 32 and 60).

Metacrinus angulatus, n.g., n.sp. Seven specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, cingulatus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, murrayi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (doubtful whether from Station 192,

210, or 214).

746

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

s ^.! * lyj Metacrinus nobilis, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

„ tuberosus, n.g., n.sp. Stem fragment ; obtained at no other locality.

Antedon longicii'ri , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, parvipinna, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, pusilla, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, discoidea, n.sp. Four specimens; obtained at no other locality.

„ quinquecostata, n.sp. Ten, specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, Jlexilis, n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, patula, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, robusta, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ compressa, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 201, 82 fathoms.
„ mcinca, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ angustiradia , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Actirumetra pulchella ( Pourtalhs)(?). One specimen; obtainedalso at St. Paul’s Rocks.

\

Asteroedea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Pontaster teres, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Astropecten acanthifer, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Nymphaster symboticus, n.g., n.sp., var. breviradiata , nov. The species obtained

also at Stations 188 and 204.

Paragoncister ctenipes , n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Recorded

subsequently from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator”) (?).

Pholidaster distinctus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioceramis (?) obstricta, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

(yphioglypha solida, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

O-phiomusium laqueatum, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ liitkeni, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

< yphiacantha vcdenciennesi, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophioccmax mtrea, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 201, 204, 209, and 219,

95 to 150 fathoms.

Ophiothrix berberis, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 209, 95 to 100 fathoms.

Astroclon propug natoris, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Astroschema tumidum, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Echinoidka (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Goniocidciris Jlorigera, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 204, 100 to 115 fathoms.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

747

Ccelopleums maillardi (Michelin). Obtained also at Station 201 and Amboina, Station 192.

82 to 102 fathoms.

Asthenosoma pellucidum, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 209. 100 fathoms.

Temnopleurus hcirdwicki (Gray). Obtained also at Japan and Arafura Sea.

,, reynaudi, Agassiz. Obtained also at Stations 166 and 219.

Peronella decagonalis (Lesson). For distribution see Station 172.

Echinolampas oviformis (Gmelin). One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Catopygus recens, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Maretia alta , Agassiz. Obtained also at Station 191.

Moiropsis claudicans, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species of

the genus.

Holothurioidea (Theel. Zool. pts. 13 and 39).

Pyodcemon maculatus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Stations 209

and 219, 95 to 150 fathoms. Only species of the genus.

Chirodota sp. (?). Several fragmentary specimens.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34),

Syllis ramosci, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 209, 95 fathoms.

Myzostomida (Graff, Zool. pts. 27 and 61).

Myzostoma wyville-thomsoni, n.sp. (On Metacrinus angidatus).

,, folium, n.sp. (On Antedon manca).

,, inflator, n.sp. (On Antedon o/ngustiradia).

,, murrctyi, n.sp. (On Antedon angusliradia).

„ willemoesii, n.sp. (On Antedon flexilis).

„ beardi, n.sp. (On Antedon flexilis).

Cirripedia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

Lepas anserifera, Linne. Several specimens (on branch of tree) ; widely distributed

in Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Scalpellum indicum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ balanoides, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Ibaccus brevipes, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Arctus sordidus, Stimpson. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Hong Kong.

—

748 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

’

Stati n 192. Pc turns philippitiensis, n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at Stations 201 and

219, 82 and 150 fathoms. Recorded subsequently from
Indian Ocean (“ Investigator ,;) (var.).

Philonicus ( Pleoticus ) lucasii, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.
Pontocaris propensalata, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Nothocaris rostricrescentis,- n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Homola oricntalis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 209, 95 fathoms.
Notopoides latus, n.g., n.sp. Many specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Notopus ovalis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Clibctnarius (?) sp. Carapace only.

Munida scabra, n.sp. Fifteen specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

„ militaris, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Stations 173, 200, 210,
and Amboina.

Eumunida smithii, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Ptychogaster Isevis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Cyrtomaia murrayi, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Oxypleurodon stimpsoni, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 210,

375 fathoms. Only species of the genus.

Pugettia velutina, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Hyastenus elegans, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Pilumnus normani, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. '
Lupocyclus ( Parathranites ) oricntalis, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained also

at Station 219, 150 fathoms.

Platyonychus iridcscens, n.sp. Five specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Cassis , n.sp. (?).

Oniscia dthara, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Natica insularum , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Octopus areola t us, De Haan, MS. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by
the Challenger. Recorded from Japan and Hong Kong.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

749

Sepia sulcata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ kiensis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pts. 17 and 38).

Polycarpa quadrata, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Ecteinascidia crassa, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens,; obtained at no other locality.

Cynthia pallida, Heller. One specimen ; obtained also at the Cape and Fiji.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pts. 6 and 57).

Urolophus kaianus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Antliias megalepis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Centropristis pleurospilus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Propoma roseum, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species of the genus.

Sebastes hexanema, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Recorded subsequently

from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator”).

Lioscorpius longiceps, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Station 204, 115 fathoms.

Only species of the genus. Recorded subsequently from
Indian Ocean (“Investigator”).

Myripristis kaianus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Antigonia capros, Lowe. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Madeira, Barbadoes, Manado,
and Japan.

Acanthaphritis grandisquamis, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Champsodon vorax, Gunther. Numerous specimens ; obtained also at Stations 204

and 219, 115 and 152 fathoms. Recorded from Chinese
and Japanese seas, and subsequently from Indian Ocean
(“ Investigator ”).

Uranoscopus kaianus, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 188.

Trigla leptacanthus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Lepidotrigla spiloptera, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Recorded subsequently

from Indian. Ocean (“ Investigator”) (var.).

Peristcthus moluccense, Bleeker. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from East Indies.

Callionymus kaianus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

IPeliastes roseus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophidium mursenolepis, n.sp. Obtained at no otber locality.

Poecilopsetta color ata, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) 95

Station 192.

750

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Anticitharus polyspilus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Samaris maculatus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Solca katana, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Saurus kaianus , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Triacanthodes anomalus, Schlegel. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Japan.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : —
Dentalium, several Polyzoa, and Brachiopod.

Excluding Protozoa, over 400 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 167 species, of which four-fifths (132 species)
are new to science, including representatives of 32 new genera ; 110 of the new species
and 15 new genera were not obtained elsewhere.

'This was one of the most productive and interesting hauls obtained during the cruise,
some of the specimens having the appearance of true deep-sea inhabitants ; all the
conditions, both physical and biological, appear to be very peculiar, being partly littoral
or sub-littoral and partly abysmal.

Station 193 (Sounding 326), Arrou Islands to Banda (see Chart 31 and Diagram 14).

September 28, 1874 ; lat. 5° 24' S., long. 130° 37' 15" E.
Temperature of air at noon, 84o-0 ; mean for the day, 820,3.

Temperature of water

—

Surface, .

83-5

450 fathoms,

42-6

25 fathooiB,

81-0

550 „

40-7

50

•I *

78-0

600 „

. . . 40-1

75

It *

720

700 „

39-2

100

II

660

800 „

38-3

125

II •

600

900 „

380

150

II

55-3

1100 „

38-0

200

•1 •

50-2

1300 „

38-0

300

II •

460

1500 „

38-0

350

II *

44-7

Bottom,

380

Density at 60c F.: —

Surface, .

. 1 02565

300 fathoms, .

. 1-02582

50 fathom*, .

. 1 02564

400 „

. 1-02582

100

II •

. 1-02583

600 „

. 1 02569

200

II *

. 1 02589

Bottom,

. 1-02558

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

751

Depth, 2800 fathoms ; deposit, Volcanic Mud, containing only a trace of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 4 a.m. daylight, observed Bird Island. At 8.40 a.m. stopped and sounded in
2800 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures down to 1500 fathoms. The carbonic acid
was determined in water from 400 fathoms, and amounted to 40 ’0 milligrammes per litre.
At 11.45 a.m. proceeded. At 2.40 p.m. observed a water-spout. At 6.15 p.m. stopped
and sounded in 100 fathoms, no bottom. At 6.50 p.m. proceeded. At depths of 600 and
400 fathoms Mr. Buchanan got samples of a milky white water, the colour being due
to the presence of white particles which showed no structure under the microscope. This
white matter disappeared when treated with acid, apparently with effervescence. In
this connection, the Governor and other gentlemen at Banda said that in the months of
July and August the water had frequently a milky white appearance.

Distance at noon from Goonong Api Island, 69 miles. Made good 86 miles. Amount
of current 11 miles, direction N. 52° W.

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from, the surface between
Arrou and Banda Islands : —

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).

Eucalcmus attenuatus (Dana).
Hemicalanus orientalis, n.sp.
Undina vulgaris, Dana.
Scolecithrix danse (Lubbock).
Euchseta prestandress, Philippi.

Heteropoda (Smith, Zool. pt. 72).
Pterotrachea n.sp. (1).

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 6).
Priacanthus sp. (?).

The tow-nets on September 27 and 28 procured a large number of things, including
the following : — Peridinium, Pyrocystis, large green Algae ( ' Halosphsera ), Globigerina,
Orbulina, Pulvinulina, Sagitta, many Crustaceans, Atlanta, Oxygyrus, many Pteropods,
Appendicularia.

Stations 194 and 194a (Soundings 327 and 328), off Banda Islands (see Chart 33).
September 29, 1874.

Temperature of air at noon, 80 '8 ; mean for the day, 80° ‘9.

Temperature of water at surface, 83 0.

Depth, 200 and 360 fathoms ; deposit, Volcanic, Mud.

At 5.35 a.m. observed Banda Islands on the starboard bow. At 10.20 a.m.

Station 193.

Organisms from
Surface-Wets.

Stations 194
and 194a.

Stations 194
and 194a.

Animals from
Dudob
and Trawl.

752 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

stopped and sounded in 200 fathoms (Station 194). Put over dredge, which came
up at 11.30 a.m. with several specimens. At noou put over trawl in 360 fathoms
(Station 194a). At 1.30 p.m. hove up trawl containing numerous specimens, and
proceeded into Banda Harbour, anchoring there at 2.15 p.m.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the dredge and
trawl at these Stations : —

*

IIexactinellida (Schulze, Zool. pt. 53).

Crateromorpha tumida , n.sp. Two specimens (360 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Hyalonema ( Stylocalyx ) globus , n.sp. One specimen (360 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality.

Farrea clavigera n.sp. (200 to 360 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
Sclerothamnus claus 'd, Marshall. Two fragments (360 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.
Myliusia caUocyathus, Gray. One specimen (200 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 24 and 192.

Avlocystis zittelii (Marshall). One specimen (360 fathoms); obtained also at

Station 192.

Alcyonabia (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Acanclla rigida , n.sp. (200 and 360 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
Vleurocorallium secundum, Dana. One specimen (200 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 145 and 192.

Actiniaria (Hertwig, Zool. pt. 15).

Sagartia sp. (?). One specimen (360 fathoms).

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Pleurocyathus bninncus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (360 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality. Only species of the genus. [Recorded in
error from GO fathoms],

Lophohelia arbuscula, n.sp. One specimen (200 or 360 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Ikilhyactis symmetrica (Pourtalfes). (3G0 fathoms) ; for distribution see Station 24.
OPHit RoiDEA (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Astrotoma murrayi, n.sp. (200 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

753

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Scalisetosus ceramensis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (360 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality. Only species of the genus.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Lanceola sp. (?). One specimen (360 fathoms).

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Cheiroplatea cenobita, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (200 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality. Only species of the genus.

Eiconaxius acutifrons, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (360 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Hemipenseus semidentatus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen (200 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Stations 170 and 171.

Glyphocrangon regalis, n.sp. One specimen (200 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 171 and 173.

Heterocarpus dorsalis, n.sp. Two specimens (200 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

,, Isevigdtus, n.sp. One specimen (200 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Acanthephyra angusta, n.sp. Two specimens (200 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

,, sica, n.sp. Four specimens (200 fathoms) ; for distribution see

Station 40.

,, armata, M. -Edwards. One specimen (200 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
West Indies.

,, brachytelsonis, n.sp. Two specimens (200 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Stations 170, 171, 214, 232, 236, and 318,

Nematocarcinus undulatipes, n.sp. One specimen (200 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 171, 200, and 214.

Anomura (Henderson. Zool. pt. 69),

Galathea inconspicua, n.sp. One specimen(360 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

Uroptychus australis, n.sp. Three specimens (360 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 164b, 170, and 171.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Area ( Barbatia ) corpulenta, n.sp. (200 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 184,

198, 216a, 271, and 300.

Stations 194
and 194a.

754

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 194
and 194a.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zooi. pt. 42).

Murex ( Haustellum ) sp. (?). One specimen (200 fathoms).

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Spirilla peronii, Lamarck. One specimen (360 fathoms) ; shells obtained also at
the surface in North Atlantic, Raine Island, and off New Guinea.

*

Brachiopoda (Davidson, Zool. pt. 1).

Distinct atlantica, King. (200 to 360 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 106, 237,
246, 271, and 300.

Fishes (Giinther, Zool. pts. 6 and 57).

Peristethus murra yi, n.sp. One specimen (200 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator”).
Ceratias bispinosus, n.sp. One specimen (360 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.
Gonost&ma elongatum, n.sp. One specimen (360 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 191.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : — Five
specimens of an Ophiurid with conical body, two Holothurians, Aphroditaceans in Sponge,
two specimens of Alpheus in Sponge, and a Macrurid fish.

Excluding Protozoa, over 50 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at these Stations, belonging to about 39 species, of which 24 are new to science,
including representatives of 5 new genera; 16 of the new species and 3 new genera
were not obtained elsewhere.

The trawl brought up a specimen of the long-sought Spirilla animal. It showed
no signs of life, and some of the naturalists thought it might have been dead before
capture by the trawl. Adams described the genus and enumerated all the specimens
hitherto obtained. Owen obtained the specimen upon which he founded the species
Lituus reticulatns from the Sulu Sea (Ii.M.S. “ SamaraDg ”). Our animal, taken near
that locality, has been described by Professor Huxley as Spirula peroni,1 Lamarck.
It is probable that Spirula swims and creeps along the bottom in deep water,
adhering to stones and hiding in holes when anything like a trawl or dredge comes
to disturb it. Only on this hypothesis can the scarcity of the animal be accounted for ;
it has never been taken in the Moluccas, where the natives have orders to look out
for it, and at Ca|>c York and Fiji the natives declare that the shell Ijas no animal at all.

1 A dc*< rijition of this sp cimcn is in course of preparation by Hr. Taul Pelseneer (see Index).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS. 755

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ The blind Amphipod obtained [ = Lanceola sp.], with
its plate-like eye-rudiments without optical apparatus, shows on the whole char-
acters peculiar to the Crevettinse, but as its maxillipeds have no palpi it evidently
belongs to the Hyperidse. It represents an unknown type between the two families, and
is of gigantic dimensions (about 70 mm. in length). Gigantic Crevettinse were taken
off the Crozet Islands, and in the Antarctic we obtained a very interesting Amphipod
without eyes, in which the rostrum had apparently become a sense-organ, showing
that Amphipods are affected, though rarely, in their organs of sight, like Decapods.”

The Challenger remained at Banda from 2.15 p.m. on September 29 till 8 p.m. on
October 2, 1874 (for description of the island see Narr. Chall. Exp., vol. i. pp. 561-569).
During this time dredgings in shallow water were conducted by Mr. Murray from the
steam pinnace; the deposit in 17 fathoms was a Volcanic Sand or gravel containing
5 2 '09 per cent, of carbonate of lime. The following species are recorded in the Zoological
Reports from the vicinity : —

Alcyonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Plcitycaulos danielsseni, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species

of the genus.

Ellisellct maculata, Studer. Obtained also in Torres Strait.

Sarcophytum ambiguum, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

'Reef Corals (Quelch, Zool. pt. 46).

Acrohelia horrescens (Dana). Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Seriatoporn cervina (Lamarck). Obtained also at Philippines.

Pocillopora acuta, Lamarck. Obtained also at Amboina and Philippines.

Euphyllia glabrescens (Chamisso and Eysenhardt). Obtained also at Cape York.
Physogyra apertci, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Mussa multilobata, Dana. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Symphyllia acuta, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ulophyllia aspera, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, cellulosa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Tridacophyllia manicinci, Dana. Obtained also at Amboina and Ternate.
Hydnophora demidoffi, Fischer. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Astrsea pandanus, Dana. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

,, doreyensis (M. -Edwards and Haime). Obtained at no other locality by
, the Challenger.

Stations 194
and 194a.

At Banda.

Animals from
Banda.

756

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Basda

Astrsoa speciosa, Dana. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Goniastrwa eximio (Dana). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ favistella (Dana). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ quoyi, M. -Edwards and Haime. Obtained also at Cape York.

„ coronalis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Phymastrxa aspera, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Merulina ci'ispa, Dana. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Fungia patella (Ellis and Solander). Obtained also at Amboina and Philippines.

„ repanda, Dana. Several specimens ; obtained also at Amboina and

Philippines.

,, confertifolia, Dana. Obtained also at Fiji.

„ plana, Studer. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Herpetolitha crassa, Dana. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Madrepora securis, Dana. Obtained also at Philippines.

„ mirabilis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, diffusa, Verrill. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

,, tubigera, Horn. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ capillaris, Klunzmger. Several specimens ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Astrcopoi'a profund, a, Verrill. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Anaci'opora gracilis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Monti pora fragilis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ levis, n.sp. Obtained also at Fiji.

Porites arenosa (Esper). Obtained also at Tongatabu, Fiji, and Tahiti.

„ gaimardi, M.-Edwards and Haime. Obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Crinoidka (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Actinomefra multibrachiata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ elongata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ ffmbriata (Lamarck). Three specimens ; obtained also at Station 208,

18 fathoms. Recorded from Sunda Strait, Australia,
Java, Nicobars, and Madagascar.

,, coppingeri, Bell. One specimen ; obtained also at Philippines.

Recorded from Australia, Amboina, Singapore, and
China Sea.

„ sentosa, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Moluccas.

„ divaricata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

!• n^ruvi',l 1 1 v M.Olm'tSons.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

757

Actinometra duplex, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

„ parvicirra (Muller). Two specimens ; for distribution see the Cape
„ littoralis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, regalis, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Opeiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiothrix purpurea, Martens. Obtained also at Station 177 (?).

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Chloeia fuscct, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Bithynis lav (Fabricius). Three specimens ; obtained also at Fiji, Philippines,
and Tahiti.

Brace ydra (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Varuna litierata (Fabricius). (Fresh water) ; obtained also at Philippines and
New Guinea. Recorded from Indo- Pacific region.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Mactra decora, Deshay es. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Cytherea ( Dione ) philippinarum, Hanley, Obtained also at Fiji and Tahiti.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Octopus bandensis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Tunic at a (Herdman, Zool. pt. 17).

Polycarpa sidcata, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Ecteinascidia fusca, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

In the foregoing list 58 species are enumerated, of which 23 are new to science,
including representatives of 3 new genera; 22 of the new species and 1 new genus
were not obtained elsewhere.

Station 195 (Sounding 329), Banda to Amboina (see Chart 31).

October 3, 1874 ; lat. 4° 21' S., long. 129° 7' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 77°‘0 ; mean for the day, 78° '3.
Temperature of water at surface, 82o,0 ; bottom, 38" 0.

(summary op results chall. exp. — 1893.)

96

THE VOYAGE OF II.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station

Animau-

Trawu

758

19.** Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 ’02602 ; bottom, 1’02568.

Depth, 1425 fathoms; deposit, Blue Mud, containing 3136 per cent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 5.30 a.m. stopped and put over trawl. Veered 4400 fathoms of rope as a
sounding of 4000 fathoms was shown in the chart within a short distance. At 8 a.m.
sounded and found bottom at 1425 fathoms. At 4 p.m. hove up trawl with numerous
specimens, pumice-stones, and pieces of wood, fruits, &c. The netting of the trawl was
covered with a network of branching Rhizopod tubes ( Rhizammina algseformis). At
4.45 P.M. made all plain sail for Amboina.

Distance at noon from Noessaniva Point, Amboina, 71 miles. Made good 45 miles.
Amount of current 10 miles, direction S. 66° W.

Kit. u The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Antipatharia (Brook, Zool. pt. 80).

Schizopathes ciffinis, n.g., n.sp. Four specimens; obtained also at Station 218,

1070 fathoms.

Bathypathespatula , n.g., n.sp. Two young specimens ; obtained also at Stations 218

(var.), 244, and 246.

Actiniaria (Ilertwig, Zool. pts. 15 and 73).

Coralli morphus rigidus, Moseley, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at

Stations 146, 157, and 299.

Actinian. One specimen (in bad condition).

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Bathyactix symmetrica (Pourtalbs). For distribution see Station 24.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha variabilis, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 24 (?).

Amphiura concolor, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 191.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt 9).

SaJenia hastigera, n.sp. For distribution see Station 106.

Gepbyrka (Sclcnka, Zool. pt. 36).

Phascolion 1x>tulus , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

759

Cirripedia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25). Station 195.

Scal'pellum moluccanum , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool pt. 37).

Gnathophausia ivillemoesii, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Dorodotes reflexus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 205,

1050 fathoms. Recorded subsequently from Indian
Ocean (“ Investigator ”).

Nematocarcinus productus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 177 (?),

205, and 237.

Notostomus longirostris , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Parapagurus abyssorum, M. -Edwards, MS. Several specimens ; for distribution

see Station 56.

Galacantha talismanii, M. -Edwards, MS. One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from North Atlantic
(“ Talisman ”).

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Ethusa ( Ethusina ) graczlipes, n.sp., var. robusta. nov. One specimen ; obtained

also at Stations 191 and 207.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Enoploteuthis margaritiferct, Ruppell. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 27 1 ,

2425 fathoms. Recorded from Mediterranean.

Poly'zoa (Busk, Zool. pt. 30).

Cettularia cirrata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Farciminaria hexagona, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 145 and 196.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : —

Hycdonema, three Palythoa-like Actinians on shells, four very large Holothurise,

Annelid tubes, two large specimens of Dentalium with Gephyreans.

Excluding Protozoa, over 50 specimens of invertebrates were obtained at this
Station, belonging to about 26 species, of which 15 are new to science, including
representatives of 5 new genera ; 5 of the new species were not obtained elsewhere.

760

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 195.

Ok*; A NISH* FROM

the Deposit.

Organise* from
Scrf ace- Nets.

At Aeboina.

An IMAIJl FROM

Am unix a.

Willemoes-Suhm wTites : “ The trawl brought up two specimens of a Gnathophausia
different from the species taken on September 23 ; they seemed to be unusually large
specimens of the widely-spread Gnathophausia zo'ea. The candelabriform Polyzoon was
also present.”

Diatomacejb. — The following species of Diatoms were observed by Mr. Comber in the
deposit from this Station (see also Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.) : —

Xaticula splendida, Gregory, var. diplostida, Grunow.

„ a#}>era, Ehrenberg.

Aehnanthes brevipes, Agardh.

Nitzschia marina, Grunow.

Synedra doliolus, Wallich.

Grammatophora oceanica, Ehrenberg.

Inthmia enervis, Ehrenberg.

Triceratium robertsianum, Greville.

„ favns, Ehrenberg, forma tetragona.

Btddulphia ptdchella, Gray.

Uemidiscus cuneiformis, Wallich.

Coscinodiscus lepiopus, Janisch.

„ excentricus, Ehrenberg, var. punctifera,

Grunow.

„ radialus, Ehrenberg.

,, oadus-iridis , Ehrenberg.

„ centralis, Ehrenberg.

Surface Organisms. — The following are recorded in the note-books from the surface-
nets on this date : — Peridinium, Coscinodiscus, Foraminifera, Sagitta, Pteropods, Loligo
(from the trawl), Appcndicularia, and other oceanic pelagic forms.

The Challenger remained at Amboina from 4.30 p.m. on October 4 till 4 p.m. on
October 10, 1874 (for description of the island see Narr. Chall. Exp., vol. i. pp.
57 G 585). During the stay Professor Thomson and Mr. Murray were engaged several
days dredging from the pinnace in depths of 15 to 130 fathoms, the deposit in depths
of 15 to 20 fathoms being composed of shells and sand, containing 59 '26 per cent, of
carbonate of lime. The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports as
having been obtained in the vicinity: —

Monaxonida (Ridley and Dendy, Zool. pt. 59).

IJalichondria pclliculata, n.sp. One specimen (100 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Tctractinklliim (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

PrKiLla.stra laminaris, n.sp. Several fragments (100 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

Coscinodiscus convexus, A. Schmidt.

„ coneinnus, Smith.

„ janischii, var. A. Schmidt, arafurensis ,

Grunow.

„ reniformis, Castracane ( = Stoschia

admirabilis, Janisch).

„ africanus, Janisch.

„ nodulifer, A. Schmidt.

„ obscurus, A. Schmidt.

„ rex, Wallich.

Ethmodiscu8 sp. (?).

Stidodiscus californicus, Groville.

Adinoajdus pundidatus, Castracane.

Asteromphalus roperianus, Greville.

„ degam, Greville.

Chxtoceros coardata, Lauder.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

761

Azoricct pfeijferse, Carter. One specimen (15 to 25 fathoms); obtained also at Amboina.

Stations 33, 56, Cape Verdes, and Bahia.

Alcyonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pts. 64 and 81).

Scirpearella moniliforme, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens (100 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

Melitodes Isevis, n.sp. One specimen (15 to 25 fathoms); obtained at no other locality.

„ fragilis, n.sp. One specimen and fragments (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

Siphonogorgia Jcollikeri, n.sp. One specimen and fragments ; obtained at no

other locality.

,, pendula , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Xenia elongata, Dana. One specimen (shallow water) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenge):.

Reef Corals (Queleh, Zool. pt. 46).

Stylophora digit ata (Pallas). One specimen ; obtained also at Cape York.

Pocillopora acuta, Lamarck. One specimen; obtained also at Banda and Philippines.

Galaxea aspera , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, tenella, Briiggemann. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

„ fragilis , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Euphyllia rugosa, Dana. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Mussa echinata, M. -Edwards and Haime. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

,, brueggemanni, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Tridacophyllia manicina, Dana. Obtained also at Banda and Ternate.

Goniastrsea multilobata, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Prionastrsea robusta (Dana). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Psammocora exesa, Dana. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

Oxypora contorta, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Fungia patella (Ellis and Solander). Obtained also at Banda and Philippines.

,, repanda, Dana. One specimen ; obtained also at Banda and Philippines.

Podabacia robusta, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Cryptabacia talpina (Lamarck). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Mad/repora cerealis, Dana. One specimen; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Ami»>i.na.

762

Madrepora effusa, Dana. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

„ gracilis, Dana. Two specimens and fragments ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger.

,, apprcssa (Ehrenberg). One specimen ; obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger.

Turbina via crater (Pallas). One specimen ; obtained also at Cape York and

Wednesday Island.

Montipora patula, Verrill. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger.

,, foliosa (Pallas). Numerous specimens and fragments ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Pontes palmata, Dana. Obtained also at Philippines.

Rhodarsea, tenuidens, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Philippines.

Mdlepoi'o intricata, M. -Edwards and Haime. One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Astropecten velitai'is. Martens. (15 to 25, or 100 fathoms ?) ; obtained also at

Admiralty Islands. Recorded from China.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophionmsium simplex, n.sp. (100 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.
Ophionereis dubia (Muller and Troschel). (100 fathoms) ; obtained also at Canary

Islands (?) and Fiji (?).

Ophiomyxa australis, Lutken. (100 fathoms) ; for distribution see Station 109.
Echinoidra (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Dorocidaris ( Cidaris ) bracteata, n.sp. (15 to 25, and 100 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality.

CalojJc'irus maillardi (Michelin). (100 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 192

and 201.

S<il man's dussumieri, Agassiz. (100 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 212,

10 to 20 fathoms.

Clyperutter hnmilis (Leske). (15 to 20 fathoms); obtained also at Station 212,

10 to 20 fathoms.

Lstgrtnum putnami, Bam. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Peronella decayonalis (Lesson). ( 1 5 to 25 fathoms) ; for distribution see Station 172.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

763

Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 39).

Synapta beselii, Jaeger. Several specimens; obtained also at Station 177,

Philippines, and Tahiti.

Holothuria atra, Jaeger. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 177 and Fiji.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Nothria willemoesii, n.sp. One specimen ( 1 00 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Glycera amboinensis , n.sp. One specimen (1 5 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Ostracoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 3).

Macrocypris maculata , Brady. (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 145,

149, 162, and Simon’s Bay, Cape.

Bairdia amygdaloides, Brady. (15 to 20 fathoms) ; for distribution see Station 162.

Cythere scutigera, Brady. (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 167, 300,

and New Guinea.

Cytheridea spinulosa, Brady. (15 to 20 fathoms); obtained also at Station 279,

420 fathoms. Eecorded from Mauritius.

Cytherella pulchra, Brady. (15 to 20 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 33,

167, 344, and Port Jackson.

Stomatopoda (Brooks, Zool. pt. 45).

Squilla chlorida, n.sp. One specimen (15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Lysiosquilla macidata (Fabricius). Two specimens ; obtained also at Philippines.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Scallasis amboinse, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Only

species of the genus.

Nika processci, n.sp. One specimen (15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Baninoides personatus, White, MS. Several specimens (15 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger, Eecorded from Eastern seas.

Cosmonotus grayii , Adams and White., One specimen (15 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Eecorded from
Borneo and Formosa.

Munida spinulifera, Miers. One specimen (15 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger, Eecorded from Arafura Sea.

,, miliiaris , n.sp. One specimen (100 fathoms) ; obtained also at Stations 173.
192, 200 (var.), and 210 (var.).

Amboina.

704

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Amhoika.

Uroptychus trident at us. n.sp. One specimen (15 fathoms (?), probably from deep

water) ; obtained at no other locality.

Rrachyura (Micrs, Zool. pt. 49).

Naxia hystrix, n.sp. One specimen (100 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Lambnts longimanus (Linne). One specimen (100 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 188.,

„ turriger, White. One specimen (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no other
locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines,
Borneo, and Australia.

Gonopla.i: sinuatifrons , n.sp. One specimen (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Calappa hepatica (Linne). One specimen (10 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Tongatabu and Sandwich Islands.

„ gallus (Herbst). One specimen (15 to 25 fathoms); obtained also at
Bermuda, Cape Verdes, and Fernando Noronha.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Corbula tunicata, Hinds. (15 to 25 fathoms); obtained also at fetation 189 and

Port Jackson.

„ modesta, Hinds. (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 172.

Sc mele ( Thcora ) iridescens (Hinds). Single valve (15 to 20 fathoms); obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines and Japan.

Pscmrnobia sp. (?). Single valve (15 to 20 fathoms).

Tellina ( Macoma ) consociata , n.sp. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality.

,, ( Angulus ) vemalis, Hanley. (15 to 20 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Singapore.

Tajjes obscurata , Deshayes. Single valve (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Venus (Chione) lionota, n.sp., var. (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 188.

Lvcina (Codakia) sp., juv. Single valve (15 to 20 fathoms).

Cryptodm bullvlu s (Reeve). Single valve (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Australia.

Diphxlonta amboinensis, n.sp. (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Area (Barbatia) sculptilis, Reeve. (15 to 20 fathoms); obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

765

Area (Scapharca) clathrata, Reeve. One specimen (15 to 25 fathoms); obtained Amboina.

also in Torres Strait*

Plicatula sp. (?). Single valve (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained also in Flinders Passage.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Cyclostrema sp. (?). (15 to 25 fathoms).

Murex ( Tribulus ) aduncospinosus (Beck), Eeeve. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded
from Philippines and Japan.

,, •( Pseudomurex ) pauper , n.sp. One specimen (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained

at no other locality.

N asset (. Niotha ) ravida, Adams. Several specimens (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Philippines and Torres Strait.

Oliva rufula, Buclos. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Philippines and Moluccas.

,, ( Galeola ) picta, Reeve. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 172

and Arrou Islands.

Fasciolaria ( Latirus ) contempta, Adams. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from West
Indies.

Ranella rana (Linne). (15 to 25 fathoms); obtained also at Stations 188, 189,

190, and 203.

Nassaria amboynensis, n.sp. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Aporrhais cancellata (Lamarck). (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Amboina and
Indian Ocean.

Strombus ( Gallinula ) succinctus, Linne. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from East
Indies and Philippines.

Turritella cingulifera, Sowerby. (15 to 25 fathoms); obtained also at Station 188,

Fiji, and Torres Strait.

Cerithium ( Vertagus ) kochi, Philippi. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained also at Arrou

Islands.

Bittium amboynense, n.sp. (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

,, diplax, n.sp. (15 to 20 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

Utriculus ( Tornatina ) amboinensis, n.sp. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Cylichna labiata, n.sp. (15 to 25 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality.

(summary or RESULTS CHALL. EXP. — 1893.) 97

766

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Amboixa.

Station 196.

Aximam from
T*awl

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 6).

Trypauehen vagina. Bl. (15 fathoms) ; obtained also at Hong Kong and Japan.
Bnymaceros macclellandi, Thompson. (15 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

In the foregoing list 103 species are enumerated, of which 34 are new to science,
including representatives of 2 new genera ; 31 of the new species and 1 new genus
were not obtained elsewhere.

Station 196 (Sounding 330), Amboina to Samboangan (see Chart 31).

October 13, 1874 ; lat. 0° 48' 30" S., long. 126° 58' 30" E.

Temperature of air at noon, 82° ‘8 ; mean for the day, 81°'2.

Temperature of water at surface, 83°’0 ; bottom, 36°’9.

Density at 60" F. at surface, 1 ’02558 ; bottom, 1 ’02584.

Depth, 825 fathoms ; deposit, Hard Ground, hard conglomerate containing
93 ’70 per cent, of carbonate of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea,
Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 5.30 a. m. got up steam, and at 6.30 a.m. sounded in 825 fathoms. At 8 a.m. put
trawl over. At 10.45 a.m. trawl came up with some pieces of conglomerate, and numerous
pecimens. At 11 a.m. made all plain sail. At 4.30 p.m. got up steam as the wind had
fallen to a calm. Proceeded under steam along the coast of Great and Little Tawalls
Hands. Much lightning and some thunder with passing showers towards midnight.
Sea slightly phosphorescent.

Wolf Rock distant at noon, 56 miles. Made good 55 miles. Amount of current
9 miles, direction N. 34J W.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at
this Station : —

Monaxoxida (Ridley and Dendy, Zool. pt. 59).

riopsis challenge ri, n.sp. Thirteen specimens and fragments; obtained also at
Station 214, 500 fathoms (var. meangensis).

Tetractixelluja (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

Tv t ilia jtvdifera, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

767

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7). Station 196.

Cyathohelia axillaris , M. -Edwards and Haime. One specimen ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Bathyactis symmetrica (Pourtales). For distribution see Station 24.

Cirripedia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

Scal'pellum hirsutum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Cystisoma spinosum (Fabricius) (?). One specimen ; for distribution see Station V.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Haliporus neptunus, n.g., n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained also at Station 191.

Opjlophorus typus, M. -Edwards. One specimen; obtained also at Station 220,

1100 fathoms. Recorded from New Guinea.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Homologenus sp. (?), juv. One specimen.

Munidopsis pilosa, n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Oncinopus aranea, De Haan. One specimen ; obtained also at Port Jackson (?) and
Arafura Sea.

Pycnogonida (Hoek, Zool. pt. 10).

Nymphon perlucidum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pt. 30).

Brettia australis, n.sp. One specimen (on Bicellaria hello) ; obtained at no

other locality.

Bicellaria, hello, n.sp. Numerous specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

,, moluccensis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ macilenta, n.sp. Numerous specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Farciminaria hexagona, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 145 and 195.

Flustra hiseriata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 299, 2160 fathoms.

Carbasea dissimilis, Busk. Obtained also at Stations 161, 162, and 163a.

Bifaxaria papillata, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Siphonicytara scrrulata, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

768

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 196.

Oroantsms from
8cRFAC*-NbT&.

Station 197.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Gonostoma microdon, n.sp. For distribution see Station 23.

In addition to the foregoing, the Station-book records two Hydroids.

Excluding Protozoa, over 60 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 23 species, of which 15 are new to science,
including representatives of 3 new genera ; 10 of the new species and 1 new genus
were not obtained elsewhere.

Surface Organisms. — The following are recorded in the note-books from the tow-
nets on this date : — Peridinium in chains, a few large Diatoms, Globigerina, Radiolaria,
Medusae, Diphyes and other Siphonophorte, Echinoderm larvae, many Sagittas,
Pilidium, Saphirina and other Copepods, Hyperids, Lucifer, Atlanta, Pterotrachea,
Pteropods and larva?, Cephalopod larvae, Appendicular ia, and very many small blue
S<dpse. Phronima with two houses containing young ones came up in the trawl.

Station 197 (Sounding 331), Amboina to Samboangan (see Chart 31 and
Diagram 14).

October 14, 1874 ; lat. 0° 41' N., long. 126° 37' E.
Temperature of air at noon, 83°#8 ; mean for the day, 79°*8.

Temperature of water : —

Surface

82-5

400 fathoms,

430

25 fathoms, .

78-8

500 „

40-7

50 „ ...

74 0

600

39-2

75 „

68-5

700 „

38-2

100

63 5

800 „

37-7

125 „ ...

58‘5

900 „

371

150 „ ...

54 0

1000

36-6

200 „ ...

500

1100 „

360

300 „ ...

45-8

Bottom,

35-9

Density at GO' F. at surface,

1 -02523

bottom, 1*02593.

Depth, 1200 fathoms; deposit, Blue Mud.

Crosht-d the equator during the night. At 5.15 a.m. observed land on starboard bow.
Stopped and sounded in 1200 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures down to
1100 fathom-. Observed Ternate, Tidore, Maree, and Mortier Islands to east. At
7.15 a.m completed observations and proceeded. At 3 p.m. altered course for the

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

769

channel between Ternate and Tidore Islands. At 6 p.m. anchored off' Ternate pier in Station 197.
13-| fathoms.

South point of Ternate distant at noon, 16 miles. Made good 88 miles. Amount of
current 18 miles, direction N. 2 7° W.

The Expedition remained at Ternate from 6 p.m. on October 14 till 11 a.m. on At Ternate.
October 17, 1874 (for description of Ternate see Narr. Chall. Exp., vol. i. pp. 595-600).

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports as having been obtained in
the vicinity : —

Reef Corals (Quelch, Zool. pt. 46). Animals from

Ternate.

Amphihelia infundibuhfera (Lamarck). One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Stylophora palmata (Blainville). Obtained also at Fiji.

Seriatopora gracilis, Dana. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

,, aculeata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Pocillopora paucistellata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

„ squarrosa, Dana. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Tridacophyllia manicina, Dana. Obtained also at Banda and Amboina.

Merulina prolifera, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Fungia tenuidens, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Madrepora rosacea, Esper. Obtained also at Philippines.

„ secale, Studer. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Millepord confertissima, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Cpjnoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Actinometra parvicirra (Muller). One specimen (shore) ; for distribution see

the Cape.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiolepis annulosa (Blainville). Obtained also at Station 186.

Ophiocoma pica, Muller and Troschel. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Ophiothrix longipeda (Lamarck). For distribution see Station 172.

Holothurioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 39).

Holothuria monacaria. Lesson. One specimen ; obtained also at Fiji.

770

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Trhnatr.

Orgakisus from
Scrimck-Nrtb.

StAllOJf # I

Anomtha (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Bemijx^ testudinarim, Latreille. One specimen; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Indo-Pacific region.

Birgus latro (Linrni). One specimen ; obtained also at Philippines. Recorded from

Indo-Pacific region.

Brach yura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Atergatis Jloi'idus (Linne). Two specimens ; obtained also at Philippines. Recorded

from Indo-Pacific region.

Neptunus ( Neptunu ,') sanguinolentus (Herbst). One specimen ; obtained also at

Port Jackson and Sandwich Islands.

Thalamita prymna (Herbst). One specimen; obtained also at Station 172 and

Philippines (?).

Mntuta victrix, Fabricius, var. crebrepunctata, Miers. One specimen ; the species

obtained also at Philippines.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

Sepioteuthis lessoniana, Ferussac. One specimen (presented by the Resident) ;

obtained also at Fiji.

In the foregoing list 24 species are enumerated, of which 5 species of Reef Corals
are new to science, and were not obtained elsewhere.

Surface Organisms. — The following are recorded in the note-books from the tow-nets
on October 17 and 18 : — Peridinium , many Diatoms, Pyrocystis, Coccospheres,
Khabdospheres. Globigerina, Orbulina, Pulvinidina, many Racliolaria, Semper’s
CVrlenterate larva, Diphycs, Sagitta, Copepods, Lucifer , Sergestcs, Megalopse, Zoeae,
larval (Listcropods, Atlanta, many specimens of Thcccurybia [ = Hcdopsyche] gaudichaudi,
IlyaUeo [ = Cavolinia ], Styliola, Appeiidicularia, Scdpa, and Leptocephalus.

Station 198 (.Sounding 332), Amboina to Samboangan (see Chart 31 and
Diagram 14).

October 20, 1874 ; lat. 2° 55' N., long. 124° 53' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 83°‘8 ; mean for the day, 814.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

771

Temperature of water

Station 198.

Surface, .

85'0

300 fathoms,

45-0

25 fathoms,

81-2

400 „

42-0

50 „

77-2

500 „

40-3

75 „ . .

71-8

600 „

39-5

100 „

65-0

700 „

39-0

125 „

58-0

800 „

39-0

150 „

53-6

Bottom,

38-9

200 „ . .

49-2

Density at 60° E. : —

Surface, .

. 1-02551

400 fathoms,

. 1-02560

50 fathoms,

. 1-02578

800 „

. 1-02604

100 „ . .

. 1-02586

Bottom,

. 1-02586

200 „

. 1-02568

Depth, 2150 fathoms; deposit, Volcanic Mud, containing no carbonate of lime
(see Murray and Renard. Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At 9.30 a. M. shortened and furled sails, and proceeded under steam to sound. At
10 a.m, sounded in 2150 fathoms. At 11 a.m. put over trawl. At 1 p.m. obtained
serial temperatures down to 300 fathoms. The carbonic acid was determined in water
from 800 fathoms, and amounted to 39'7 milligrammes per litre. At 6.45 p.m. trawl
came up with a number of specimens, pieces of volcanic conglomerate, several palm fruits,
and pieces of wood and bark. The mud also contained a large number of oval arenaceous
bodies, believed to be the clung of Echinoderms. The wind having fallen almost to a
calm, proceeded under steam for the remainder of the day.

Distance at noon from Sibago Island, 274 miles. Made good 61 miles. Amount of
current 16 miles, direction N. 68° W.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at Animals from
this Station : — 1 I l!AW1

Deep-Sea Keratosa (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 82).

Psammophyllum r eticulatum , n.g., n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no

other locality.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Dy taster inermis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Freyella echinata, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 205 and 216, 1050 and
1675 fathoms.

772

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 198. OrHIUKOlDEA (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Amphilepis papyracea , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Cirripedia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

Scalpcllum compressum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Pontophilus gracilis, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Stations 133,

168, and 184.

Acanthephyra longidens, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 285,

2375 fathoms.

Nematocarcinus altus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Notostomus patentissimus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, perlatus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Lamellidranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Area (Barbatia) corpulenta, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 184, 194, 216a,

271, and 300.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

roroyadus rostratus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Typhlonus nasus, n.ff., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 181. Only

species of the genus.

Ipnops murrayi, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 124 and

133. Only species of the genus.

Bathytroctes macrolepis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

The only other species of the genus ( Bathytroctes
microlepis ) was taken at Station V.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station -book : —
Ilyalonema sponge and spicules, several Hydroids, Bopyrus onCaridid shrimp, Cystisoma,
Petofophthalmus armiger, Discina on Lamellibranch, and two small mutilated Macrurids.

Excluding Protozoa, about 50 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 21 species, of which 15 are new to science, including
representatives of 5 new genera ; 9 of the new species were not obtained elsewhere.

\\ iilemoe-s Suhm writes: “The peculiar little Crangon taken to-day was obtained
previously at Station 184 ; the blind Ophidiid was taken at Station 181 ; and the other
blind fish with sense-organ wras found at Station 1 33 in the Atlantic, along with a female

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

773

of Petalophthalmus armiger. Here in the depths of the Indian Sea we have obtained all
these animals, which have only been brought up from very deep water, together, and
along with them a few shrimps, one of them affected by Bopyrus. The Petalophthalmus
is a female, 50 mm. in length, with a few very large eggs in the breeding cavity. This
is the third female of the Atlantic species, which is so remarkable for the prehensile
organs of the male. There was also a male of Cystisomay

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40). — The following species of Radiolaria were
observed in the deposit from this Station : —

Cromyodruppa cepa, Haeckel.
Didyocoryne profunda, Ehrenberg.

Artopera motacilla, Haeckel.

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23).
Eucalanus attenuates (Dana).
Euchseta prestandrese, Philippi.
Candace truncata, Dana.

Oithona chattengerii, n.sp.
Cory emus varies, Dana.
Oncma obtusa, Dana.
Saphirina metallina, Dana.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books \~Peridinium, Diatoms
with Carchesium and Vorticella attached, Globigerina, Pulvinulina, many Acanthometrse
and other Radiolaria, Acraspedote Medusae, Diphyes and. other Siphonophorae, Echinoderm
larvae, Sagitia, Pianarians, various Crustacea, Pteropods and larvae, small Salpse,
Appendicular ia, and Fritillaria.

Station 199 (Sounding 333), Amboina to Samboangan (see Chart 31 and
Diagram 14).

October 22, 1874 ; lat. 5° 44'

1ST., long

. 123° 34' E. •

Temperature of air at noon, 79

0,8 ; mean for the day, 81° 6.

Temperature of water : —

Surface, ....

83-0

100 fathoms, .

63-8

25 fathoms, .

81-5

. 125 „ ...

57-6

50 „ ...

79-2

150 „ ...

54’5

60 „ ...

77-7

200 „ ...

48-3

70 „ ...

74-5

250 „ ...

46-2

75 „ ...

72-9

300 „ ...

44-8

80 „ ...

71-2

Bottom,

38-6

90 „ ...

67-5

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.)

Station 198.

Organisms from
the Deposit.

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

Station 199.

98

774

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 199.

Organisms from
8crfacr-Nrtb.

Density at 60° F. : —

Surface, .... 1-02545 200 fathoms, . . . 1-02570

50 fathoms, . . . 1-02591 Bottom, .... 1 ‘02535

100 „ . . . 1-02589

Depth, 2G00 fathoms ; deposit, Volcanic Mud, containing no carbonate of lime (see

Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

*

At daylight observed the high land of Mindanao Island on the starboard bow.
At 7.45 a.m. stopped to sound. At 8 a.m. sounded in 2600 fathoms. Obtained serial
temperatures down to 300 fathoms. The carbonic acid was determined in bottom water,
and amounted to 524 milligrammes per litre. At 11.20 a.m. completed observations and
proceeded under steam, there being hardly any breeze. While sounding in the morning a
lioat was lowered for surface collecting. At 10 p.m. observed land on the port bow, the
summit of Mount Matanae, Basilan Island. Several swallows were seen about the ship,
apparently in an exhausted condition, and two were caught with the hand.

Sibago Island distant at noon, 90 miles. Made good 103 miles.

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Schjzopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).
Anchialus pusillus, n.sp.

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Scdpa democratica-mucronata,
Forsk&hl.

Mr. Murray went away in the dingey while sounding, and found the whole sea filled
with Algae, presenting the appearance of minutely-chopped hay when looked at with the
water-glass. These Oscillatoriaceae wrere of various kinds, the most abundant being a
curled or sinuous variety, while some were quite straight, about half an inch in length,
and others assumed the form of stars and faggots. There were also small masses of
transparent j'-lly-like matter of various shapes, mostly spherical or cylindrical, containing
inside small Diatoms like Navicula, Coccospheres, Rhabdospheres, and small Polycystinaj,
and frequently attached to the outside the above-mentioned forms of Oscillatoriacem and
other fon ign bodies, including some Infusoria. These jelly or colloid masses rendered
the tow-net quite sticky, as though covered with a coating of thin glue ; they were
generally about the size of peas, reminding one of the email bodies observed on February
17 in the South Indian Ocean. These organisms seemed to extend as far down as could
be seen with the water-glass, and no animals were noticed moving about. In the tow-
net sent down from the ship to a depth of 60 or 80 fathoms, however, were a great many
things and few of these Algse, which would therefore seem to be more or less confined to

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

775

the surface. There were also several forms of Radiolaria on the surface, and Mr. Murray
with a hand-glass picked up a specimen of Globigerina, with several of the Oscillatoriacese
and one of the jelly-masses attached ; this specimen of Globigerina had most delicate
spines, the length of the longest ones being fully eleven times the diameter of the shell
The tow-net sent down to 60 or 80 fathoms brought up the following : — Pyrocystis,
Peridinium (sometimes as many as twenty in a chain), Globigerina, Orbulina,
Pulvinulina, Acanthometrse, Polycystinse, and other Radiolaria, many Acraspedote
Medusae, Diphyes, two species of Ctenophorae, larvae of Echinoderms (Holothurid and
Asterid), Sagitta, Sabellid larva in tube, larvae of Balanoglossus ( Tornaria ), Saphirina
and other Copepods, small Mysid and other Crustacea and larvae, Atlanta, Macgillivraya
spinigera, Styliola, and other small shells, Appendicularia, many Fritillarise.

Some organisms frequently observed in the Atlantic and Southern Indian Ocean, such
as : large Salpse, Velella, Physalia, Ianthina, Carinaria, another large Heteropod,
■S cyllsea, Sternoptychidae, and small Scopelidae, have not been noticed on the surface
while cruising among the East Indian islands, since leaving Raine Island on August 31.
In the afternoon a shark, belonging to the same species as that taken on July 14
( Carcharias lamia), was caught ; it had a small Echeneis attached to it.

Moseley writes : “ The sea was full of minute Algse, among which there appeared to
be a Lyngbya, Spirillum, Agonium, and Trichodesmium

Station 200 (Sounding 334), Amboina to Samboangan (see Chart 31).

October 23, 1874 ; lat. 6° 47' N., long. 122° 28' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 87°'3 ; mean for the day, 83°‘7.

Temperature of water at surface, 85" '5.

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1 '02536.

Depth, 250 fathoms ; deposit, Green Mud.

At daybreak entered Basilan Strait. At 5.20 a.m. stopped near Sibago Island. Swung
ship to ascertain errors of compasses and of dipping-needle. Sounded in 100 fathoms,
no bottom. Position of ship at noon in Basilan Strait between Sibago and Malanipa
Islands. At 2.25 p.m. completed swinging ship. Sounded in 250 fathoms, and obtained
two hauls with the trawl, many specimens being procured. At 5 p.m. proceeded for
Samboangan, anchoring there at 8.50 p.m.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Station 199.

Station 200.

776

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Ratios 200.
Animals from
Trawl.

Asteroidfa (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Ar chaster typicus, Muller and Troschel. Several specimens ; obtained also at Fiji
and Philippines.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Asthenosoma gracilc, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 169, 184, and 219.
Phormosoma luculentum , n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 191 and 205.

„ bursarium , n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 205 and 232, 1050 and

345 fathoms.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).

Gnathopliausia longispina, n.g., n.sp. Five specimens; obtained at no other locality.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Ibaccus verdi , n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Cape Verdes.

Halipoi'us equalis, n.g., n.sp. Seven specimens; obtained at no other locality.

Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean (“Investigator”).

Hemipenwus inrilis, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained at no other locality.

Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator”).
„ tomentosus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at Station 177.

Pontophilus junceus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Heterocarpus en&ifer, M. -Edwards. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from West Indies.

Plesionika semilicvis , n.g., n.sp. Sixteen specimens ; obtained also at Stations 164b,

170, and 173.

„ brevirostris, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Pahemovella orientodis, Dana. One specimen (probably from surface) ; obtained at

no other locality by the Challenger. Recorded from
Oriental seas.

Nemntocarcinusundidatipc8t n.sp. Fifteen specimens ; obtained also at Stations 171,

194, and 214.

AXOMURA (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Munvln incertn, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

military, n.sp., var. curvirostris, nov. One specimen; obtained also at
Station 210, 375 fathoms. The species was obtained at
Stations 173, 192, and Amboina.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

777

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pts. 6 and 57).

Fistularia depressa, n.sp. One specimen (probably from near the surface) ; obtained
at no other locality.

Polyipnus spinosus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus. Recorded subsequently from Indian
Ocean (“ Investigator”).

Scopelus engraulis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Recorded
subsequently from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator ”).

The Station-book records also : — Two specimens of Pdtogaster and several specimens
of Bopyrus on the Oaridid shrimps.

Excluding Protozoa, over 80 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 22 species, of which 17 are new to science, including
representatives of 5 new genera ; 9 of the new species and 1 new genus were not
obtained elsewhere.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ The trawl brought up from 250 fathoms a series of animals
belonging to a fauna not generally met with in such shallow water, including Phormosoma,
Calveria, Gncithophausia, long-legged shrimps, and Stomiatid fishes.”

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40). — The following species of Radiolaria were observed
in the deposit from this Station (see also Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits
Chall. Exp.)

Cenosphsera setosa, Ehrenberg.
Panartus setosus, Haeckel.
Dictyastrum angulatum, Ehrenberg.

Rhopalodidyum truncatum, Ehrenberg.
Spirema diplospira , Haeckel.

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at
this Station -

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Sciturnulus planetes , Haeckel.

’ Spongopila verticillata, Haeckel.
Hagiastrum moharnmedis, Haeckel.
Lychnaspis longissima, Haeckel.
Psilomelissa galeata, Haeckel.
Lamprodiscus monoceros, Ehrenberg.
Lithopera bacca, Ehrenberg.
Sethoconus trochas, Haeckel.

Sethocyrtis pleurcicantha, Haeckel.
Theocyrtis trachelius, Haeckel.
Dictyornitra macilenta, Haeckel.

Copepoda (Brady, Zool. pt. 23). — Tow-net
down to 80 fathoms.

Eucalanus attenuatus (Dana),

,, setiger, n.sp.

Rhincalanus cornutus, Dana.

Station 200.

Organisms from
the Deposit.

Organisms from
Surface- Yets.

778

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 200.

At Mamboangan.

OBGAKIAJM FH<>M
8v*rA0ft-NHS.

Undina vulgaris, Dana.

,, darwinii , Lubbock.

Temora dubia (Lubbock).

Candace truncata, Dana.

Corynura gracilis, n.g., n.sp.

Calanopia clliptica, Dana.

Pan tel la acuta (Dana).

„ Imvidentata, n.sp.

„ kroyen, n.sp.

,, clephas, n.sp.

Corycmis nanus, Dana.

Lubbockia squillimana, Claus.

Copilia mirabilis, Dana.

Saphirina insequalis, Dana.

The sea had the same appearance as on the previous day, and the nets from the
surface were covered with slime. All the organisms noted yesterday were observed,
CtenophonB being more numerous, while Echinoderm larvae and Crustacean larvae were
very abundant, including the larvae of Gnathophausia zoea (?). Nemerteans were also
present.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ There was a great abundance of surface animals from
80 fathoms, among which were the Zoea stages (?) of a Gnathophausia taken in the
trawl. This would be very important as regards the systematic position of Gnathophausia,
for the Lophogastridae, to which it is most nearly allied, undergo the Mysid metamorphosis,
whereas the only Schizopods undergoing the Zoea stage are the Euphausidae, to which
(Jnnthophnvsia is allied by the presence of accessory eyes on the maxillae ; Gnathophausia
would therefore represent a very remarkable link between the two families.”

The Challenger remained at Samboangan from 8.50 p.m. on October 23 till 6 a.m. on
October 26.

October 24, 1874.

Surface Organisms. — A strong tide ran past the place where the ship was anchored,
aid the t »w-net procured many shore and bottom-living Foraminifera (Rotalia,
MdioHnu, CristeUaria ), which may have been washed up from the bottom, along with
part" of the stems of Hydroida and other things. There were besides: — Globigerina,
(Jrbulina, Iv hinoderm larvae, Sabcllid larvae with siliceous tubes, many Zoea) and
Nauplii, Ptcropoda and other small shells.

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 07).
Hyperia sibaginis, n.sp.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).
Euphausia latifrons, n.sp.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).
Anebocaris quadroculus, n.g., n.sp.
Ilcctarthropus exilis, n.g., n.sp.

,, expansus, n.g., n.sp.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pt. 65).

Clio ( Creseis ) acicula (Rang).

,, (Hyalocylix) striata (Rang).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

779

Station 201 (Sounding 335), Samboangan to Manila (see Chart 31).

October 26, 1874 ; lat. 7° 3' N., long. 121° 48' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 81 '3 ; mean for the clay, 79° '9.

Temperature of water at surface, 83° ‘0.

Density at 60' F. at surface, 1 ‘025 15.

Depth, 82 and 102 fathoms ; deposit, Stones, Gravel.

At 4 a.m. got up steam. At 6 a.m. weighed anchor and proceeded to the west under
steam. At 8.30 a.m. stopped and sounded in 82 fathoms. Put trawl over. At
9.30 a.m. hove up trawl with many specimens and proceeded. At 10.20 a.m. stopped
and sounded in 102 fathoms. Put over trawl, which came up at 11.20 a.m. with several
specimens. The position of both hauls is at the entrance from the Sulu Sea into Basilan
Strait, about 7 miles west of Mindanao Island, and to the north-west of Caldera Point.
At 11.30 a.m. made all plain sail. At 4.10 p.m. got up steam. At 5 p.m. shortened
and furled sails, and proceeded under steam.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at this
Station : —

Hexactinellida (Schulze, Zool. pt. 53).

Eurete schmicltii, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality. Recorded
subsequently from Japan.

Alcyonaria (Wright and Stucler, Zool. pt. 64).

Dasygorgia genicidata, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 232, 345 fathoms.

„ axillaris, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 171.

Ceratoisis pli ilippinensis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Echinogorgia ramidosa (Gray). One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

Actiniaria (Hertwig, Zool. pt. 73).

Epizoanthus stellaris, n.sp. One colony (consisting of about 100 individuals) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Corals (Moseley, Zool. pt. 7).

Caryophyllia rugosa, n.sp. (?). One specimen ; obtained also at Station 192.
Bcdanopkyllia malaccensis, Kent (?), One specimen ; obtained also at Station 192.

,, parvula, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Thecopsammia gamma, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Station 201.

Animals from
Trawl.

780

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 201. Deep-Sea Medusa (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 12).

Polycolpa forskalii , n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus. Recorded subsequently from Red Sea.
Pegantha, pantheon, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality. Only
species of the genus.

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Antedon bcdanoides, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

,, compressa, n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 192.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiaoantha granulosa, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Ophiocamax vitrea, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 192, 204, 209, and 219.
Ophiomyxa australis, Liitken. For distribution see Station 161.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Phyllacanthus baculosa (Lamarck). Obtained also at Philippines.

Coelopleunis maillardi (Michelin). Obtained also at Station 192 and Amboina.

Holothurioedea (Th^el, Zool. pt. 39).

Thyonidium cebuense, Semper. One specimen; obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from Cebu.

Gephyrea (Selenka, Zool. pt. 36).

Aspidosiphon tnmcatus, Keferstein. Many specimens ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Panama and Mauritius.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Notopygos labiatus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Eunoa inindanavensis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Polynor (. Lepidonotus ) iphionoides, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Eupholoij philippinensis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Eunice rn i ndanavensis, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Cirbipedia (Iloek, ZooJ. pt. 25).

Scalpellum triqpinosum, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

781

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Penaeus philippinensis, n. sp. Twenty-seven specimens ; obtained also at Stations 192

and 219.

Nothocaris ocellus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69). *

Eupagurus (?) sp. One specimen (in shell of Trochus ).

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Venus ( Chione ) mindanensis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Area ( Acar ) congenita, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Lima lata, n.sp. A few specimens ; obtained also at Station 109.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Trochus ( Ziziphinus ) stephanephorus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, ( „ ) transenna, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

,, ( Margarita ) pachy chiles, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Polyzoa (Busk, Zool. pt. 30).

Adeonella platalea, Busk. A few fragments ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger. Recorded from Australian seas.

Brachiopoda (Davidson, Zool. pt. 1).

Terebratulina sp. (?). One specimen.

Terebratella frielii, n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 47.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 6).

Acropoma philippinense, n.sp. Several specimens ; obtained at no other locality.
Sebastes nematophthalmus, Gunther. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from West Indies and Mauritius.
Opisthognathus macrolepis, Peters. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Callionymus curvicornis , C.V. Obtained also at Hong Kong.

The Station-book records also : — Several other Sponges, an Actinian ( Bunodes ?) not
preserved, and several specimens of Bopyrus in Caridid shrimps.

Excluding Protozoa, over 120 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 46 species, of which 30 are new to science, including
representatives of 5 new genera ; 23 of the new species and 2 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893.) 99

Station 201.

782

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 201.
Oroamsmh from
Surface- Nets.

Station 202.

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Radiolarla (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Lychnaspis longissima, Haeckel.

Psilomelissa galea ta, Haeckel.

Sethoconus trochus, Haeckel.

Dietyomitm rnacilenta, Haeckel.

Amphipopa (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Sympronoe sp. (?).

The tow-nets at the surface and down to a depth of 80 fathoms procured : — A few
Diatoms, a few specimens of Peridinium, Pyrocystis, Globigerina, Orbulina , Pulvimdina,
a few Radiolaria, several Acraspedote Medusae, Diphyes and other Siphonophorae,
Echinoderm larvae, Sagitta, Sabellid larvae with transparent tubes (three different forms),
many Aphroditacean larvae, Alciopa, larvae of Balanoglossus , Saphirina , Corycxus, and
other Copepods, Hyperids, Squillerichthus, Zoeae and Nauplii of Gnathophausia and other
Crustacea, Phyllosoma , Amphion, Lucifer, immense numbers of Crustacean eggs, small
Uasteropod shells, Pteropods and larvae, small transparent Cephalopod, and small fish.

Pteropoda (Pelseneer, Zool. pts. 58 and 65).

Limacina infiata (d’Orbigny).

,, bulimoides (d’Orbigny).
Clio ( Creseis ) aciculci (Rang).

„ ( Hyalocylix ) striata (Rang).
Iledopsyche gaudichaudi, Souleyet.

Station 202 (Sounding 336), Samboangan to Manila (see Chart 31 and Diagram 14).

October 27, 1874 ; lat. 8° 32' N., long. 121° 55' E.
Temperature of air at noon, 83°'8 ; mean for the day, 81°"1.

Temperature of water : —

Snrface,

830

300 fathoms, .

52 0

50 fathoms, .

741

400 „ . .

50-5

100 „ . .

62-0

500 „

. 50-5

150 „ . .

57-5

600 ,,

50-5

200 „ . .

54-3

Bottom,

50-5

250 „ . .

52-8

Density at 60° F. : —

Surface, . .

. 102494

300 fathoms, .

. 1-02487

50 fathoms, .

. 1-02557

Bottom, .

. 1-02555

100 „ .

. 1-02562

Depth, 2550 fathoms ; deposit, Blue Mud, containing only a trace of carbonate of
lime (see Murray und Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

783

At daylight observed Mindanao Island on starboard bow. At 9.15 a.m. stopped and
sounded in 2550 fathoms. Obtained serial temperatures down to 600 fathoms. At
noon completed observations and proceeded under steam. A large flock of white and
brown birds (boobies and gannets) approached the ship while sounding.

Distance at noon from Point Binigsian, the west extremity of Negros Island,
83 miles. Made good 92 miles. Amount of current 6 miles, direction N. 31° E.

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Amphipoda (Stebbing, Zool. pt. 67).

Phorcorrhctphis zamboangse, n.sp.

Schizopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37).

Stylocheiron suhmi , n.g., n.sp.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books from the tow-nets at the
surface and down to a depth of 50 fathoms : — Peridinium, a few Oscillatoriaceae
[Spirillum), Diatoms, Globigerina, Orbulina , and Pulvinulina — the most abundant
form being Globigerina sequilateralis, hitherto rare — Radiolaria, Medusae, Echinoderm
larvae, Pluteus, Sagitta, Planarian, Polynoe, Sabellid larvae, Aphroditacean larvae, larvae
of Balanoglossus, Cypridina, Pachysoma punctatum, Saphirina, Corycseus, and other
Copepods , Hyper ia, Lucifer, Zoeae (including the Zoca elaphoceras of Dohrn), Nauplii,
Pterotrachea (?), Macgillivraya, Pteropods and larvae, small cuttle-fish, Appendicularia ,
and several small fishes. A piece of sea-weed (like Sargassum) was picked up on
October 28, at some distance from the land.

Willemoes-Suhm writes : “ We found at the surface, for the first time, a queer little
Copepod described by Claus under the name of Pachysoma, which very wmll expresses
the shape of its body. It is a Corycaeid allied to Copilia, from which it differs by the
absence of lenses and the presence of only a simple median eye.”

The Challenger anchored at Ilo-Ilo at 5 p.m. on October 28, remaining there till
5.40 a.m. on October 31, 1874.

Station 203 (Sounding 237), Samboangan to Manila (see Chart 31).

October 31, 1874 ; lat. 11° 6' N., long. 123° 9' E.

Temperature of air at noon, 82°'3 ; mean for the day, 810,2.

Tu vie at a (Herdman, Zool. pt, 76).

Salpct scutigera-confcederata, Cuvier —
Forskahl.

Station 202.

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

At Ilo-Ilo.

Station 203.

784

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 203.

Animals from
Trawl.

Temperature of water at surface, 85°'0.

Depth, 20 fathoms ; deposit, Mud, Sand, and Shells.

At 4 a.m. got up steam. At 5.40 a.m. weighed anchor and proceeded through Ilo-Ilo
Strait. Position of ship at noon off Tomontou Point in channel between Negros and
Panay Islands. At 4.30 p.m. stopped in channel between Tagubanhan Island and
Vnauayan Island, and obtained three hauls with the trawl in depths of 12 to 20 fathoms,
many specimens being procured. At 5.40 p.m. anchored in 9f fathoms, Ananayan Island
due south, Tagubauhan Island due north. In the evening incessant lightning, some
thunder, and heavy rain showers.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl
at this Station : —

Keratosa (Pol^jaeff, Zool. pt. 31).

Cacosponrjio collectrix (Schulze). One specimen ; obtained also at Station 233a,

8 to 50 fathoms. Recorded from Dalmatia.

Monaxonida (Ridley and Dendy, Zool. pt. 59).

Ilalichondria (?) sp. One specimen.

Tetiiacttnellida (Sollas, Zool. pt. 63).

Mip'iastra toxodonta, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Alcyonaria (Wright and Studer, Zool. pt. 64).

Echinomuricea indomalaccensis, Ridley. One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Torres Strait
and Hong Kong.

Sjxmgodcs dendrophyta, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

Pens atc Lida (Kolliker, Zool. pt. 2).

Pcnnatnla sulcata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

ScyUdium tcntaciUatum , n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Actiniaria (Hertwig, ZooL pt. 73).

Sphenopw pedunculatus, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Hydroida (Allman, Zool. pt. 70).

Idia pristis, Lamouroux. Obtained also at Bahia.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

785

Crinoidea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60). Station 203.

Antedon milberti (Muller). One specimen ; obtained also at Station 212, 10 fathoms.

Recorded from Ceram, Borneo, Australia, Torres Strait, and
Mergui Archipelago.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Craspidaster hesperus (Muller and Troschel). Obtained also at Hong Kong,

10 fathoms. Recorded from Japan, Banka Strait, and Singapore.

Astropecten monacanthus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Luidia longispina, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiogymna elegans, Ljungman. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Euryale aspera, Lamarck. Obtained also at Station 186.

Echinoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Ternnoplmrus loreumciticus (Klein). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Salmacis rarispina, Agassiz. Obtained also at Stations 186 and 188.

Brissopsis luzonica (Gray). Obtained also at Stations 168, 188, 191, and 232.

Holothtjrioidea (Theel, Zool. pt. 39).

Colochirus violaceus, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality,

„ quadrangidaris, Lesson. One specimen; obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger. Recorded from Indian and Pacific Oceans.

,, cucumis, Semper. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality by the
Challenger, Recorded from Bohol and Japan.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Penseus inclicus, M. -Edwards. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

,, mono don, Fabricius. Two specimens ; obtained also at Station 188.

,, incisipes, n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained also at Station 190.

Alpheus leviusculus, Dana, var. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Wakes Island, N. Pacific.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt, 49).

Neptunus (Ncptunus) pelagicus (Linne). One specimen ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

786

THE VOYAGE OF Ii.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Statics 203. Lamellibkanchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Lena.* ( Chione ) oalophylla, Philippi. Obtained also at Station 187 and

Port Jackson.

Cardiiwi (Jlucardium) mirabile, Deshayes. Obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. •

Peeten senator i us (Ginelin), var. Obtained also at Station 208, 18 fathoms.
Amussium pleuronectes (Linne). Obtained also at Station 188.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Coccvlina angvdata > n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Trochus ( Gibbula ) sp. (?).

Murex ( Tnbulus) tenuispina, Lamarck. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Indian Ocean, Moluccas,
Torres Strait, and Darnley Island.

Nassa (Zeuxis) canaliculata (Lamarck). Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from Philippines.

Pyrula ternaiana (Gmelin). Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Ternate and Philippines.

Pleurotoma sp. (?).

„ ( Drillia ) latisinuata , Smith. Obtained at no other .locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from China.

Tercbra ( Myurella ) cselata, Adams and Reeve. Obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger. Recorded from China, Philippines, and
Torres Strait.

RaneUa rana (Linne). Obtained also at Stations 188, 189, 190, and Amboina.
Cassis (Semicassis) pila, Reeve. Obtained also at Station 188 and Port Jackson.
Strombus (Gallinula) vittatus, Linne. Obtained also at Fiji.

Cephalopoda (Hoyle, Zool. pt. 44).

l/oligo galathea, Steenstrup, MS. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality
by the Challenger.

Fisher (Giinther, Zool. pt. G).

S‘ rmnvs diacanthus, C.V. Obtained also at Station 189 and Hong Kong.
Du'capon threaps, C.V. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Scnlopsis monogramma, C.V. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Tetraroge longispinis, C.V. Obtained also at Japan.

EguuUi fasciata, Lac. Obtained also at Fiji.

„ dussumieri, C.V. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

787

Platycephalus sp. (young). Obtained also off Zebu, 18 fathoms. Station 203.

Am/phisile scutata, Linne. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Pseudorhombus russelli , Gray. Obtained also at Station 190.

Solea ovata, Rich. Obtained also at Hong Kong.

Cynoglossus puncticeps, Rich. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Tetrodon immciculatus, Bl. Schn. Obtained also at Fiji.

,, patocct, H.B. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

In addition to the foregoing, the following are recorded in the Station-book : — Several
specimens of Eupsammia , Annelid, small Cirriped, Pagurus in shells, two large specimens
of Lupea and other Brachyura (one only noted above).

Excluding Protozoa, about 100 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 60 species, of which 10 are new to science, including
representative of 1 new genus ; 9 of the new species were not obtained elsewhere.

Surface Organisms. — The following are recorded in the note-books from the tow-nets
on October 31 and November 1 : — Diatoms in immense numbers, Vorticella abundant
on some of the Diatoms, Pyrocystis, Peridinium ( Ceratium ) tripos and another species,
Radiolaria, larvae of Cirripeds. The sarcode matter of most of the Diatoms had quite
the same appearance as in Pyrocystis .

Organisms from
Surface-Nets.

Stations 204 to 204b (Soundings
(see Chart 31).

33S to 340), Samboangan to Manila Stations 204
' ° to 204b.

November 2, 1874.

Temperature of air at noon, 8 2° '3 ; mean for the day, 8 2° *2.

Temperature of water at surface, 84° '0.

Density at 60° F. at surface, 1*02517-

At 5.30 a.m. got up steam. At 6.30 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and proceeded
under steam. At 10 a.m. stopped and sounded in 705 fathoms, deposit Blue Mud,
containing 11*31 per cent, of carbonate of lime (Station 204). In this deposit were
numerous pellets, believed to be the dung of Holothurians and other Echinoderms, as well
as minute stellate bodies, supposed to be Holothurian spicules. Proceeded through the
channel between Tablas and Romblon Islands. At 2.30 p.m. stopped and sounded in
100 fathoms, deposit Green Mud, containing 56*18 per cent, of carbonate of lime,
density at bottom 1*02569 (Station 204a). Put over trawl, which came up at 3 p.m.
with numerous specimens. At 3.45 p.m. stopped and sounded in 115 fathoms, deposit
Green Mud, containing 50*40 per cent, of carbonate of lime (Station 204b). Put over

788

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 204
to 204b.

Axixais fkom
Trawl.

trawl, which came up at 5 r.M. with numerous specimens. Proceeded through the channel
between Simara and Banton Islands. Lightning with passing showers at night.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawlings in
100 to 115 fathoms (Stations 204a and 204b) : —

Asteboidea (Sladcn, Zool. pt. 51).

Astropecten imbellis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Luidici aspera, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 219 and Samboangan, 150 and

10 fathoms.

Npnphaster symbolicus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 188 and 192 (var.).
Lcptogonastcr enstatus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. Only species

of the genus.

Pholidaster squamatus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality. The only other

species of the genus {Pholidaster distinctus) was taken at
Station 192.

Ophjcroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophiocaincix vitrea , n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 192, 201, 209, and 219.
Ophiothrix capillaris, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 209, 100 fathoms.

Echixoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Dorociclaris (Cidaris) papillata , Leske. For distribution see Station 24.
Goniocidaris florigera, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 192.

Micropyga tuberculata , n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 174, 209, and 219.

Only species of the genus.

Asdienosoma tessellatum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
Cirripedia (Hoek, Zool. pt. 25).

Megalasma striatum, n.g., n.sp. Eight specimens (attached to Echini spines) ;

obtaiued at no other locality. Only species of the genus.
Scalpellum rubrum, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.
li'tlaiius tenuis , n.sp. Four specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Stomatopoda (Brooks, Zool. pt. 45).

Squilla leptosquilla, n.sp. One specimen; obtained at no other locality.

Macrcra (Spence Bute, Zool. pt. 52).

Ncphrops thomsoni, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Station 166.

Perurus Jissurus, n.sp. Three specimens ; obtaiued also at Stations 190 and 209.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

789

Anomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69). Stations 204

to 204b.

Pagurus striatus, Latreille. One specimen (in shell of Ranella /ijiensis, with attached

spotted anemone) ; obtained also at Zebu reefs. Recorded
from Mediterranean, North Atlantic, and Japan.

Eupagurus spinulentus, n.sp. One specimen (in shell of Fusus niphonicus ) ;

obtained at no other locality.

Pcigurodes piliferus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also in Arafura Sea (?).

Paguropsis typicus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Only species of the genus.

Galathea subsquamata, Stimpson. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger. Recorded from Japan.

Lamellibranchiata (Smith, Zool. pt. 35).

Pecten vitreus (Chemnitz). Obtained also at Stations 207, 209, 232, 307, 308, 310,
and 311, 100 to 700 fathoms.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Fusus niphonicus , Smith. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Niphon Island.

Pleurotoma ( Surcula ) deshctyesii, Dohmet. Obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger. Recorded from China.

Terebra ( Myurella ) mamillata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ranella jijiensis, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 173.

Cassis ( Bezoardica ) ivy villa, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Xenopliora pallidula (Reeve). One specimen (beset with many other shells) ;

obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Recorded from Japan.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pts. 6 and 57).

Champsodon vorax, Gunther. Numerous specimens ; obtained also at Stations 192

and 219.

Lioscorpius longiceps, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Station 192.

Lophius naresii, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 219, 150 fathoms, and Admiralty

Islands.

Callionymus calauropomus, Rich. Obtained also at Station 162.

Monacanthus tessellatus, n.sp. Obtained, at no other locality.

The Station-book records also an Actinian.
(summary of results chall. exp. — 1893).

100

790

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Stations 204
to 204b.

Organism* from
Slrface-Nbts.

At Manila.

OfcOAXIMMn FROM

Schfacb-Nlth.

Excluding Protozoa, nearly 100 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
in these trawlings, belonging to 35 species, of which 25 are new to science, including
representatives of 9 new genera ; 13 of the new species and 3 new genera were not
obtained elsewhere.

Willemoes-8uhm writes : “ The Philippines are rich in Cirripedia, having not less than
eighteen species ; to-day we took two, one on a Cidaris and one on the queer shell of a
P/'orus. One of the Crustacea was a fine normal Ncphrops distinguished by the shortness
of its antennal scale.”

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface (November

2 and 3) : —

Titniuata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76). Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 78).

Pyrosoma yiyanteum, Lesueur (?). Scopelus caninianus (C.V.), (young).

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books : — A few Diatoms, Vorticella
on Diatoms, Pcridinium, Pyrocystis, Oscillatoriacege, Globig&nna, Orbulina, Pulvinulina,
Radiol. i ria, larva of Navtactis, Medusae and eight-armed larva ( Cyanea ), Diphyes and
other Siphonophorse, Echinoderm larvae, Pluteus, Sagitta, Alciopa, larvae of Terebellids,
8a be 11 ids, and Aphroditaceans, Pilidium, many Copepods ( Copilia , Corycseus, &c.),
Oxycephalus, Crustacean larvae, larval Lamellibranchs, Cardiopoda, Hyalasa

[ = Cavolinia}, Cymbulia (from the trawl), Pteropod larvae, Appendicularia, small
Salpa . FritUlaria, young Amphioxus.

W illemoes-Suhm writes: “The trawl caught a Cymbulia on the surface, three species
of which arc known from the Mediterranean and one from the Pacific. As far as I am
aware we have never taken it alive, and only once (at Gibraltar) a dead shell was picked
up by Murray on the beach.”

The Challenger anchored at Manila at 2.30 p.m. on November 4, remaining there till
2 p.m. on November 11, 1874.

Surface Organisms. — The water in Manila Harbour generally looked very muddy,
and contained a good deal of fine mud apparently from the river. There were also many
small gr-en masses, probably an Alga ( llalosphsera). There were many Diatoms of
different pecies, one of which (Bacteidastrum ?) was nearly always crowded with
VortlcelUf, while none were noticed on any of the other species. Several kinds of
Infusoria woi< ob rved, and very many specimens of Peridinivm (Peridimum tripos
and two other species), alone' with Pyrocystis and Noctiluca. Noctiluca had evidently
l>c« n feeding on Diatoms and other mall organisms, as these were frequently found

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

791

embedded in its sarcode. In addition, there were : — Sagitta, Copepods, larval
Echinoderms, Lamellibranchs, and Pteropods, Appenclicularia, &c.

Station 205 (Sounding 341), Manila to Hong Kong (see Chart 31 and Diagram 14).

November 13, 1874 ; lat. 16° 42' N., long. 119" 22 ' E.
Temperature of air at noon, 8 1 ° *3 ; mean for the day, 81 ‘1.
Temperature of water : —

Surface, .

10 fathoms

20

JJ

30

JJ

40

3?

50

J)

60

J>

70

3)

80

90

J)

100

))

150

)}

82 '0

200 fathoms,

81-5

250 „ . .

79-5

300 „ . . .

76-5

400 „ . . .

73-2

500 „ . . .

69-8

600 „ . . .

66-8

700 „ . . .

64-2

800 „ . . .

62-0

900 „ . . .

60-0

1000 „ . . .

58-6

Bottom,

55-0

51-2

48-0

45-3

42-0

40-0

38-8

37-8

37-0

370

37-0

37-0

Density at 60" F. at surface, 1 ‘02502 ; bottom, 1 ‘02574.

Depth, 1050 fathoms ; deposit, Blue Mud, containing 22‘li per cent, of carbonate
of lime (see Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.).

At daylight observed the west coast of Luzon on starboard beam. Got up steam.
At 7 a.m. proceeded under steam. At 9.15 a.m. shortened and furled sails, and sounded
in 1050 fathoms. At 10 a.m. put trawl over. Weather fine, but a heavy swell from the
N.E. Obtained serial temperatures down to the bottom. At 4 p.m. trawl came up with
several pieces of pumice, some pieces of wood and leaves, and many specimens. At
4.45 p.m. made all plaiu sail. About sunset got into the N.E. monsoon in earnest,
accompanied by a rise of the barometer and a fall of the thermometer ; velocity of
wind 5. At 11.15 p.m. maintop-gallant sheet carried away. Night stormy and wet
with high sea.

Distance at noon from Pratas Island, 287 miles ; from N.E. head of Lema Island,
near Hong Kong, 432 miles. Made good 99 miles. Amount of current 22 miles,
direction N. 25° W.

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports from the trawl at
this Station : —

Station’s 204
to 204b.

Station- 205.

792

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Station 205.

An 1 MALM FROM

Ttuwi.

Hkxactinellida (Scliulze, Zool. pt. 53).

Hyalonema (?) sp. Fragment.

Crinoldea (Carpenter, Zool. pt. 60).

Eudiocrinus varians, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality.

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Pont aster trullipes, n.g., n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Freyclla echinata, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 198 and 216.

Ophiuroidea (Lyman, Zool. pt. 14).

Ophioglypha radiata, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Ophiomitra pdicata, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 170 and 214.

Ophiacantha or Ophiothamnus sp. (?).

Echixoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Podocidaris prionigera, n.sp. Obtained also at Station 218, 1070 fathoms.

Recorded subsequently from Indian Ocean (“ Investigator ”).
Phoi'mosoma luculentum, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 191 and 200.

„ bursarium, n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 200 and 232.

Cystechinus clypeatus, n.g., n.sp. Obtained also at Stations 133 and 334.

Annelida (MTntosh, Zool. pt. 34).

Serpula philippinensis , n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Macrvra (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

llolipoi'us l&vis, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 104 and 106.
Benthesicymju8 pleoGanthvLS, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens ; obtained also at

Stations 23 and 250.

,, alt us, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Stations 133,

170, 171, 174, 184, 2/4, 232, and 235.

Dorodotes rejlexus, n.g., n.sp. Two specimens; obtained also at Station 195.
NemrUocarcinus productus, n.sp. Six specimens; obtained also at Stations 177,

195, and 237.

llymciu*lora rostrata, n.sp. One specimen ; obtained also at Stations 184 and 245.
A.vomura (Henderson, Zool. pt 69).

Parapagur is abyssorum, M. -Edwards, MS. One specimen (in shell of Pleurotoma ) ;

for distribution see Station 56.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

793

Lamellibrarchiata (Smith. Zool. pt. 35).

Cryptodon luzonicus, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Pleurotomci phymatias , n.sp, Obtained at no other locality.

Polyplacophora (Haddon, Zool. pt. 43).

Leptochiton belknapi, Dali. Two specimens ; obtained at no other locality by the

Challenger, Recorded from North Pacific.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 57).

Bathyonus compressus,n.g.,n.%]). Onespecimen; obtained also at Stations 107andl84.
Accmthonus arrnatus, n.g., n.sp. One specimen; obtained also at Station 218,

1070 fathoms. Only species of the genus.

In addition to the foregoing, the Station-book records : — Pcdythoa, Coral, three
Holothuridae, and a naked Mollusc.

Excluding Protozoa, over 50 specimens of invertebrates and fishes were obtained
at this Station, belonging to about 28 species, of which 20 are new to science, including
representatives of 8 new genera ; 6 of the new species were not obtained elsewhere.

Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this
Station : —

Radiolaria (Haeckel, Zool. pt. 40).

Lychnaspis longissima, Haeckel.

Psilomelissa galecita, Haeckel.

Sethoconus trochus , Haeckel.

Dictyomitra macilenta, Haeckel.

In addition, the following are recorded in the note-books (November 12 and 13) : —
Peridinium , Pyrocystis, Oscillatoriaceae, a few large Diatoms, Globigerina, Orbuiina,
Pulvinulina, Acanthometrae and other Radiolarians, Medusae, Diphyes, Eehinoderm
larvae, Sagitta, Alciopct. Aphroditacean larvae, Pilidium , Copepods, Lucifer, and other
Crustaceans, larval Lamellibranchs, Pteropods and larvae, Crcinchia, Scdpa (two species),
and Appendicularia. In the stomachs of the Scdpse there were Coccospheres,
Rhabdospheres (both varieties), and many Acanthometrae. On November 13 a shark

Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76).

Scdpa runcinatci-fusiformis,
Chamisso — Cuvier,

Station 205.

Organisms from
Surface-Yets.

Station 20ft.

At Hong Kong.

Animals krom
Hong Kong.

794 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

was caught belonging to the same species as those hitherto taken at sea ( Carcharias
latnia). There were several about, and they were attended by “suckers” ( Echeneis
rcm&rct), which were sometimes attached to the sharks, sometimes followed them, and
sometimes swam in front, just at the shark’s snout.

The Challenger remained at Hong Kong from November 16, 1874, till January 6,
1875 ; the deposit in the harbour at a depth of 7 fathoms was composed of Mud and
Shells, containing 53 ‘52 per ceDt. of carbonate of lime. All the zoological and other
specimens collected during the cruise between Sydney and Hong Kong were landed
at Kowloon and phiced in a house belonging to the dockyard, where they were carefully
catalogued and packed by Mr. Murray, one hundred and twenty-nine cases and several
casks being placed on board H.M.S. “Adventure” on January 1, 1875, for transmission
to England (for description of Hong Kong see Narr. Chall. Exp., vol. i. pp. 635-639).

The following species are recorded in the Zoological Reports as having been procured
in the vicinity of Hong Kong : —

*

Asteroidea (Sladen, Zool. pt. 51).

Craspidaster hesperus (Muller and Troschel). (10 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Station 203.

Astropecten polyacanthus, Muller and Troschel. (Beach); obtained also at Port

Jackson, Japan, and Admiralty Islands.

Echixoidea (Agassiz, Zool. pt. 9).

Lovenio subcarinata, Gray. Several specimens (10 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Srh iznstcr japonic us, n.sp. (10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 188 and Japan.
Holothi rioidea (Th6el, Zool. pt. 39).

Oct, us ti/picus, n.sp. Two specimens (10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality. -
Annelida (MTntoah, Zool. pt. 34).

Dasychone orienUdis, n.sp. Several specimens (10 fathoms); obtained at no

other locality.

OsTUAtoDA (Brady, Zool. pt. 3). — From anchor-mud in the harbour, 7 fathoms.

Pontocypris attcnuala , Brady. Obtained also at New Guinea. Recorded from

Mauritius.

Rnirdin foveolata, Brady. For distribution see Station 33.

VERTICAL SCALE OF FATHOMS

diagram !4 Summary o£ Results -

Th.e Voyage of H.M.S.Ch.alIeager.

Jiagram showing the DistrihatLori of Temperature in the Seas
endosecl by ike Islands of the EASTERN ARCHIPELAGO.

Far explanation of Symbols see Appendix 1

NORTH

BA TFIC

CHINA

SEA

(HD

(206-

d°D

2500

j54S 2 ICC

1050

78"5

84-° 75°

82"

SUL IT SEA

^02)

©

!778

2550

2225

83°

83°

81°

PACIFIC

(UD

BANDA SEA

PHILIPPINE

ISLANDS

©

©

(HD

@7)

®S)

800

580

2800

700

375

82-2

8J-5

83-5

80°

80*

-SL.

_£CL

o9 Uniform, ’
Temp -f 54?

£

,o ?

•d c

v i yj

• 1 IS

r

_J

"3

3^

JEngrnwd V M.iiby A Seas

SUMMARY OF RESULTS.

795

Cythere crispata, Brady. Obtained also at Station 187 and Port Jackson.

• „ cyrnba, Brady. Obtained also at Station 233b, 15 fathoms. Recorded

from Hong Kong.

,, goujoni, Brady. Obtained also at Station 187 and Port Jackson.

,, darwini, Brady. Obtained also at Station 233b, 15 fathoms. Recorded
from Java.

„ cribriformis, Brady. Obtained at no other locality by tlie Challenger.
Loxoconcha sinensis, Brady. Obtained also at Station 233b, 15 fathoms. Recorded

from Honsr Koner.

Bythocythere orientcdis, Brady. Obtained also in Torres Strait.

Cyiherella cingulata, Brady. Obtained also at Stations 187, 189, and Port Jackson.

Macrura (Spence Bate, Zool. pt. 52).

Alpheus rcipcix, Fabricins. One specimen (10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Nauticaris unirecedens, n.g., n.sp. One specimen ; obtained at no other locality.

A nomura (Henderson, Zool. pt. 69).

Spiropagurus spiriger (He Haan). One specimen in shell of Pleurotomci

(10 fathoms) ; for distribution see Torres Strait.

JPorcellana serratifrons , Stimpson. One specimen (10 fathoms) ; obtained also in

Arafura Sea.

Raphidopus ciliatus, Stimpson. One specimen (10 fathoms) ; obtained, at no other

locality by the Challenger. Recorded from Hong Kong.

Brachyura (Miers, Zool. pt. 49).

Nepiunus ( Amphitrite ) hastatoides (Fabricius) Several specimens (10 fathoms);

obtained also at Stations 188, 233b, and Japan.
Goniosornci cruciferum (Fabricius). One specimen (7 fathoms) ; obtained at no

other locality by the Challenger.

Arcania septemspinosa (Fabricius). Three specimens (10 fathoms) ; obtained also

at Station 233b, 15 fathoms, and Japan.

Leucosia craniolaris (Linne). Two specimens (10 fathoms) ; obtained also at

Stations 188, 190, and Japan.

Dorippe facchino (Herbst). One specimen (10 fathoms) ; obtained at no other

locality by the Challenger.

Gasteropoda (Watson, Zool. pt. 42).

Pleurotoma ( Surcula ) tuberculata, Gray. (10 fathoms) ; obtained also in

Arafura Sea.

Hong Kong.

THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER.

Hobo Konci.

Oboaihsmm wwjU
SniiO-Nns.

'9(i

Titnicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 17).

CoreUa japonica, n.sp. Two specimens (10 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 233a,
S to 50 fathoms, and Japan.

Fishes (Gunther, Zool. pt. 6).

Scrranus diacanthus, C.V. Obtained also at Stations 189 and 203.

Mesuprion vitta, Quoy and Guimard. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Chilodaclylns zonatus, C.V. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Sebastes marmoratus, C.V. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Scorpnma cirrhosa, Tliunb. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Drepanc punctata, LinnA Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Plutycephalus japonicus, Tiles. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

„ insidiator, Forsk. Obtained also at Australia and Japan.

Xtromateus argenteus, Bl. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Gobi its knuttdi, Blecker. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

Eleotris sinensis, Lac. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.

A />oo i/pt< ' polyophlhalmus, Gimther. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Callionymus curvicomis, C.V. Obtained also at Station 201.

Trypauchen vagina, Bl. Schn. Obtained also at Amboina and Japan.

„ chinensis, Stcindachner. (10 fathoms); obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

Ophiocephalus maculatus, Lac. Obtained at no other* locality by the Challenger.
Pseudoscarus nuchipunctatus, C.V. Obtained also at Fiji.

Psrndorhombus cinnamomeus, Schleg. (7 fathoms) ; obtained at no other locality

by the Challenger.

>yglos8us tenuis, n.sp. Obtained at no other locality.

Solea ovata, Rich. (7 fathoms) ; obtained also at Station 203.

Cynoglos* is mnlampc talus, Rich. (7 fathoms); obtained at no other locality by

the Challenger.

Sunritla nrgyrophanes, Rich. Obtained at no other locality by the Challenger.
Cyprinus auraius, Lin nib Obtained also at Japan.

•

In the foregoing list 51 species are enumerated, of which 0 are new to science,
including representative of 1 new genus ; 4 of the new species were not obtained
elsewhere.

Surface Organisms. — The surface water in the Bay of Hong Kong during the stay
w;t.- iluays brilliantly phosphorescent, which was due chiefly to the presence of immense
luimb' n* of Xoctilnca, the majority being large and beautiful specimens in the tailed

rheVgya • if I M < ». ill eng .

Summary of Result* Chart l A

bathymetrical chart

OF THE

ATLANTIC OCEAN

TW V.y„g<. of H M S. 'ChaiUtivyr'

Suium uy <*f Results Chart 1 P

■

bathymetrical chart

or THE

PACIFIC OCEAN

Rr*U a. •• l-fl VOi>l»

Sum in u\ "t K*'suIin 1 L.u'i 1 <

)

The Voyage of H M S Challenger

BATHYMETRICAL CHART

OF THE

INDIAN OCEAN

CONSERVED
& BOUND
1 i JUN 1987