IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3)
//
//
V
:/
5r w/U.
Lf'ii
|
1.0 |
■■■ la 122 lis "— III! 1 Q |
|||
|
I.I |
||||
|
1.25 |
1.4 |
11= 14 |
1 |
|
|
^- .^ .. // 1 |
||||
|
u |
*i |
V]
<^
/a
%
%
O
7
^
Hiotographic
Sciences Cbrporation
33 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, NY. 14580
(716) 872-4503
#
Ll>^
iV
\
\
%
V
•V
/•«^.'
6^
&9
CIHM/ICMH
Microfiche
Series.
CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches.
Canadian institute for Historical Microreproductions Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques
1980
Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques
The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below.
L'Institut a microfilm^ le meiMaur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-dtre uniques du point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la methods normale de filmage sont indiqu6s ci-dessous.
D
Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur
r~7| Covers damaged/
Couverture endommag^e
□ Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur
□ Pages damaged/ Pages endommag^es
n
Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaurde et/ou pelliculde
□ Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaurdes et/ou pelliculdes
□ Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque
□ Coloured maps/ Cartes gdographiques en couleur
nf„°
n
Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ ere de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire)
Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur
n
Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages d6color6es, tachetdes ou piqu6es
Pages detached/ Pages d^tach^es
Showthrough/ Transparence
Quality of print varies/ Qualit^ indgale de I'impression
D
Bound with other material/ Relid avec d'autres documents
D
Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du materiel supplementaire
D
D
Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/
La reliure serree peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion le long de la marge intdrieure
Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajout6es lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela dtait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6t6 film^es.
n
Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible
Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont 6ti film6es d nouveau de fapon d obtenir la meilleure image possible.
□
Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppl6mentaires:
This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/
Ce document est 1\\m6 au taux de r6duction indiqud ci-dessous.
14X 18X 22X
26X
30X
/
12X
16X
20X
24X
28X
32X
The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of:
Library,
Geological Survey of Canada
L'exemplaire film6 fut reprodult grdce k la g6n6rosit6 de:
Bibliothdque,
Commission Giologique du Canada
The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications.
Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la netteti de l'exemplaire filmd, et en conformity avec les condivions du contrat de filmage.
Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression.
Les exemplaii-es originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprim6e sont film6s en commenpant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont film6s en commenpant par la premidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte.
The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol — ^ (meaning "CON- TINUED "), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies.
Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de chaque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — '^^signifie "A SUIVRE", le symboie V signifie "FIN".
Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method:
Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film6s d des taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film6 d partir de Tangle supdrieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode.
|
1 |
2 |
3 1 |
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
|
4 |
5 |
6 |
\>
MAR 7
CANADA. ^.^1
McGILL UNIVERSITY
PAPERS FROM THE DEPARTMENT
OF
Geology.
No. 7. — Note on Carboniferous Entomostraca from
Nova Scotia, in the Peter Redpath Museum,
Determined and Described by Prof. T.
Rupert Jones, F.R.S., and Mr. Kirby.
BV
Sir J. William Dawson, C.M.G.
[Reprinted from the Canadian Record of Science, January, 1897.]
Montreal, ib97.
t,
"Reprinted from the Canadian Record of Science, January, 1897."
-;
Note on Carijoniferous Entomostraca, from Nova Scotia, in the I'eter IIedpath Museum, Determined and Described by Prof. T. Rupert Jones, F.R.S., and Mr. Kirkby.
By Sir William Dawson, LL.D., F.R.S.
Having had occasion recently to look over some speci- mens of these interesting animals in the Peter Redpath Museum, it occurs to me as likely to be useful to collectors and geological workers to summarize in the Becord of Science what is known of them as occurring in Nova Scotia.
When preparing my Acadian Geology, and especially the second edition of that work,* as well as later papers
I 1868.
Carhoriifcroiis Entumostraca from Nova Scotia. 317
suppleiiifiiitary to it, T took advuntiiji^e of the kindness of l*rof. liupert Jones, F.U.S,, tlie liighest authority in the study of tiie Pahi'ozoic Kntoniostrnca, to place in his hands for determination the specimens wliich I had collected. The material thus submitted to Prof. Jones, between the years isr»5 and 1884, was eventually in the latter year published in a collected form in a paper contributed by him to the London Geological Magazine, with a page of excellent illus- trations, some of which are copied, by permission, in the present note. A little later, in 1889, Prof. Jones published in the same magazine an additional note on specimens collected by Mr. Foord, F.G.S., in the coal- formation at Mabou, Cape Breton, and which were communicated to him by Mr. Whit^aves, F.G.S., Palteon- tologist to the Geological Survey of Canada. These, however, added no new species to those previously known. Still later, in one of his reports to the British Association, he notices an example of Estherla Dawsoni, collected by Mr. Fletcher of the (xeological Survey, at Five Islands.
The specimens described or noticed in the paper of 1884* were partly from the Horton series of the Lower Carboniferous, at Lower Horton, Horton Bluff and the Strait of Canseau, and partly from the Middle Coal- formation of Cumberland, Colchester, Pictou and Cape Breton ; and in onler to indicate their stratigraphical positions, it may be best to take them here in the order of time, as constituting two groups, one Lower Carboniferous (Sub-Carboniferous of Dana, Tweedian and Calciferous of Great Jiritain and Culm of the continent of Europe), the other belonging to the time of tiie Middle or Produc- tive Coal-Measures. > : •
Carboiiifuroiis Eiituniustraca from Nova Scotia, by T. Rupert Jotiea ami Jaiiius W. Kirkby, Uuolngical Ma^iizine, August, 1884. Some of tlie species had been separ- atfiy mentioned or described in the same Journal iu 1870, 1878 and 1881.
318 Canadian Record of Science,.
I.— LOWER CARBONIFER( )( JS.
The Lower Carhoniferous collections ])elon<x to the bods holding plants and fish reniains which locally underlie or replace the marine limestones, and which I have called the Horton Series, from their ;,freat developnienl and good exposure at Lower Horton and Horton lilufl", where they were examined and recognized as the ecpiivalent of tlu; lowest member of the Carboniferous in Scotland, by both Lyell and Logan. In si»ecimciis collected in these beds and the corresponding beds on the Strait of Canseau and in Pictou, the following species have been recognized by Prof. Jones.
Pig. 1. Left Valve. Ifc. Valve edgewise, x 'Si.
1. Lepcrditia Okeni, Munsier (Fig. 1) and its variety L. Scotoburdiegalcnsis of Hibbert, a very widely distributed species and characteristic of the Lower Carboniferous in Russia, Bavaria and Scotland. In the latter it occurs abundantly in the shale and limestone of Burdiehouse, near Edinburgh, celebrated for fish remains ; and in which I first saw this fossil in my student days in Edinburgh ; before I had collected it in Nova Scotia. Prof. Jones remarks : " It is of especial interest to meet with so old a friend, so abundantly and with so robust a habit, for we have not seen larger examples of it in Scotland, in
CarhonlfernuH Enlovtodrdca from Nnva Scotia. IU9
Carboniferous rocks on the American side of the Atla.itic." I may add that in Nova Scotia, as in Scothmd, it is asso- ciated witii tiahes of Carboniferous genera and with Lepidodendra and Ferns of Lower Carboniferous types, the whole being, as I have shown in " AcacUan (Jeology" and in my report on the Hora of the Lower Carboniferous in Nova Scotia,' a very precise equivalent of the European beds representing this interesting formation, the earliest j^,vot'ursor of the conditions of the Coal-Measures.
I have si)ecimens of this Leperditia less perfectly jn-e- servfd, from the Lower Carboniferous shales of the East Branch of the E^ist River of I'ictou.
I
Fig. 2. Right and Left ^ al vos, x 2.'i.
2. Bi't/richia Nova Scotica, Jones and Kirkby (Fig. 2.) This seems to be a new species, l)ut is \'ery near to one found by Eichwald in Eussia — B. Colliculiis, Eichwald. This species is less plentiful in my collections than the previous one. . .
^01
Fig. 3, 1 25.
3. Beyrichia Sp. (Fig. 3.) A single small valve from Horton represented tliis species in the collections sub-
1 "Acadian Geology," i>. 262, tt aeq. Report oiiFossil Plants of Lower Carboni. ferous, etc., Geol. Survey of Canada, 1873.
I I
320
Canadian Rtrord of Sriencc.
II I
initted to I'lof. Rupert Jcmes. It secins very rare, and may be merely a depauperateil v.uiety or immature .state of the laHt mentioned.
Fig. 4, X s.
4. Esthcria Dawsoni, Jone.s' (Fig. 4.) The specimen described by Prof. Jones is from Horton but the same species has more recently been collected by Mr. Fletcher, of the Geological Survey, at Five Islands, and was identi- fied by Prof. Jones on being submitted to him. It has also been found in Scotland. I have either the young of this species or a similar one of smaller size from the East Kiver of I'ictou. '
I I
Fig. 5, X 5.
5. Leaia Leidyi, Jones (Lea Sp.), var. Salteriana, Jones (Fig. 5.) This species, unique in my collections, from the Lower Carboniferous of the Strait of Canseau, is widely distributed in the Carboniferous on both sides of the Atlantic. It was first discovered in Pennsylvania, but a second species or variety of larger size has been found in Illinois. (L. tricarinata, Meek & Worthen.) It seems to be rare in Nova Scotia, which is unfortunate, as it is so
1 Geol. Mag., 1870, p. 220, PI. IX., Fig 13.
Carhonifcroiix EiitomoHtraca from Nora S.>ofia. 321
well iiiarkecl a Hpi^'ics, iind so usc^ful us an iiitlicator of the liower Cail(oiuferou.s iu disturbed districts.
Pig. 6, X !i6.
6. Cythere (Species), (Fij,'. 6.) Valves, apparently representing two species, occur in the Horton sliales, but have not been identified as yet with any known species.
II.- COAL FORMATION.
Small bivalve Entoniostraca are very abundant in some carbonaceous shales and bituminous limestones at the South Jo<^'<^nns, Chiganois Iliver, East Kiver of Tictou, Glace Bay, Cape Breton, Sydney, C.B., Malxju, C.B., &c., where they seem to bare swarmed in the lagoons of the coal swamps, as Cyprids do in some modern ponds, but the species do not seem to be numerous. Those noticed in the pa})er in (question are the following : —
• y
Fig. 7, X 25.
1. Carbonia fabulwa, Jones & Kirkby (Fig. 7.) This is one of the most abundant .species at all the localities, and sometimes covers the entire surfaces of layers of shale
322
Canndian Record of Science.
i
and sillily limestone. It is also m cliaracteristic Hritish species.
KiR. 8, X a.
2. Carhonia haird hides, J. & K. (Fig. 8.) Less almndant than the preceding, at the Joggins and also at Mabou, where it was collected along with the preceding by Mr. Foord, but it is abundant in the Upper Coal Formation of Smelt Brook, East Itiver, Pietou. It is also a common Scottish species.
Fig. 9, X 25.
3. Gandona elotigata, J. & K. (Fig. 0.) Larger and more elongated than the preceding forms, but much less abun- dant. It attains the length of -j\fth of an inch.
Prof. Jones has some interesting remarks on the very wide distribution oi all these species in the Northern Hemisj)here, in connection with the fact that they were probably shallow-water, or even brackish -water species. This indicates means of transit for such animals, by shallow areas either now oceanic or now land. It concurs with many other facts in showing that the comparative rarity of great ocean depths and high mountain ranges
.^ j
pS/
fmm ^'C^y? 'r^ I'M'^'^ "syny ^'^-^'^>-,?? 4#f^
CarhovifcroHH Entoniofifram from Nova Scotia. ."IliM
in tlie Carboiiiforous period had iinj)ortant comiectioii witli its equable climate and uniform animal and vegetable life over vast areas. Prof. Jones's discus.^ion of this subject shows how nuich can be learned from the careful study of very minute and inconsi)icuous animal remains.
Note, — All the Hgurea, except Nos. 4 and T), are inagnlfieil about 25 diameters.
[■m
m
i^aka^a-;:'v'.:;Svt.y^:/t-fe:':^S;V;.^a&a
\..-^
HI