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This work (Bulletin No. 38) ih the tlfty first of a series of pupers in- teiiikMl to illustrate the collectiuiis cf natural history anil ethnology belonging to the United States, anU eouKtituting the National Museum, of which the iSuiith.soiiJ:ui Institution was placed iu charge by the act of Congress <»r August 10, l,S4r». The publications of the National Museum consist of two series — the Bulletins, of which this is No. 38, iu continuous series, and the Pro- ceedings, of which the thirteenth volume is now in press. A small edi* tion of each paper in the Proceedings is distributed in pamphlet form to specialists in advance of the publication of the bound volume. From time to time the publications of the Museum which have been issued se|)arately are coml>ines of the imblications of the Smithsonian Institution. Papers intended for publication in the Proceedings and Bulletins of the National Museum are rcfcrreil to the Committee on Publications, consisting of the following members: T. II. Beau, A. Howard Clark (editor), Otis T. Mason, John Murdoch, Leonhard Stejneger, Frederick W. True, a\ul Lester F. Ward. S. P. Lanolev, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Washinoton, June 1, 1800. CONTRIBUTION TOWARD A MONOGRAPH OF THB INSECTS OF THE LEPIDIIPTERIII'S fwm NOCTUIDi or TEMPERATE NORTH AMERICA. REVISKiv OF THK spixjEs op Tin: OEXl'S AGROTI8. BY ('! JOHN B. SMITH, Profe>.or of Entomology, nuUjn: rollcgc, Xac J,r,,y. WITH FrVE I'LATRS. WASHINGTON; GOVERNMENT PRINTING OPPICB. 1890. m LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL, Smithsonian Institution, I'NiTED States National ^IrsEUM, WoHhitujtoH, March 17, 1890. Prof. G. Brown (ioodk, AHttixtant JSecntarif Siniflittoniiit InittHiitiott, In vharyv of Xational MmeHm: Sir: I linvo tlio Iionor to transmit the accomimiiyiii^ papiT, >vhich was largely prepared l»y Trofessor Smith wiiile associated with me, ami was, ill fact, bogiiii with the intention of publishing a conjoint and complete monograph. My time liaving l»een too much o<'cnpie«l otlier- wise, the original plan was abandoned, and 1 tinned the matter all over to him when he left the Museum with the understanding that he would finish individually the synoptic and descriptive parts. The result is the present paper, and I strongly lecoinmeinl that it be published as a Bulletin of the Museum. Siucerelv yours, C. V. RlLEY, Curator of Insects, IV TABLE OF CONTENTS. Iiitrmliictory rrnini :n amlilefinitioiiH 5-7 Acknowlnt8 7,8 Divinioiittilcfinctl 8-11 SynnjiHiit of K<'!i*'rn niHl KronpH 12, 13 OtMUIHKllYNCIIAniUlTIH V\-W (frni)|i rharditttii 1.1, 14 Gnn\\t titpida , l.l-ZS charucten) nn-17 R.vnc>|>8iH of Hiiccies 17 (lowri|»tionn of H|M>cieH 17-28 Group erterlintiijmn !i8-;W t'linrartor« aihI HrliciiHM)f -.'>0 oliaracttTH of kciiuh 49 ili'Bi-ri pt ioHH of Hpecies .''•O (•ontlH SKMlOflKHlA !'>(!-r>3 fliaractera htid 8' liciiie of divi^ioll f)»t di'scriptioim of Mpofii'H .'il-r>3 (ifiins I'ac 11 NOKIA r)3-59 riiaraftors and Mrln'mo of division .'>3, r>4 HynopHi.t of KpccicH .^ di'HcriptionH of speeit'M .'■>,''>-,'i9 (iiiiiis .SKTA9, (>0 (icnusAnROTis (>l-<».'> clinracterH and m'lionie of division 61 Hyno]miM of Hpecies 6!i doscriptionit of specieo.... 63-65 1 094/ 9 TABLE UF CONTENTW. T*ge. OvilllS rKltllM«l.MA tiG-7-1 clinriictcrHniiit hynopHM of griiiipH GO Oritii|> tuiicia C<>-71 churactcrH iiiii\ hcIiumiu nf diviNioti GO, <)7 oy nopsiH of N|ii'i-io.s 67 de!tcrii>tioti8 of ni>«'cir!t 68-71 Gro'ip inrivin 71-74 chunii-t^Tft aiiHiH of HpiH-ii'H 77/c8 (loHcrijit ioiiH »»f HpccicM 78-lK) Group ilandeKtinn y0-l»8 cliaractiTS and schcinu of diviHion IK), 91 BynopHJH of Npi-cicH Ul,93 di'SiTiptioMH I if Hpi'cii'H 92-9H 0''iiti8 ciu)itizA*-:o;j cIiarac-trrH and mlnnie of divistion y"?,99 BynopsJH of t*|M'cit'» ifj, 100 dcHcriptionH of Hpecies 100-103 OeniiM HiiiZAiti((tri.s lo:{-l09 cliaracltis and groups 103,104 CSroiip ahiioriiiia 104 Group iicc/irii 101-107 charactci'H and m-liiMue of diviHi cliaiachTH and Hcln-nii' of division 107, 108 di;Mcriptions of Hpi'cius UW, 109 GenuH Fklti A 109-12:5 cbaracliTd and groups ., 101>, 110 Group Huhgnthita 110-114 diaraotiMH and (^rln-nie of division 110 ttynopsis ofsin'cifs Ill di'siTiiitifins ofHpccifH 111-114 Group vnnrahilis 111-123 eliararffrN and Mclii'tuo of divi>i()ii 11 1, U."> ttyniipsi.s of Mpccif.t 116 dt'HcriptionM of Kpfcics IKi 123 GutitiH PoKOHAtntoTis 12:V-131 chnraofors and Hchcnie of division l'2,\, 124 ByuopHiH of Hpecitvs 124, 125 descriptions of Bpt'cios 125-131 OuuuB Caunkai>ks 131-204 charnctt-rs and groups 131-133 Group wilsonii 133-135 characters and silivnut of division 133 deRcriptiouH of 8p«j'*io8 133-135 TABLE OF CONTENTS, I'age. t>0-74 m (36-71 GC.fiT 67 08-71 71-74 71,72 Ti 72-71 74-98 74 74-yo 74--7 77.78 78-'J0 yo-l»8 iHt, in yi,'J2 IW, 100 100-103 lo;j-109 103. 104 104 lOJ-107 104. 105 105 lo:,-107 , Ili7-I0l» 107, lOH . 10^,109 . 109-123 lOlt, 110 110-114 110 111 m-114 111-123 111,115 lit) lit; 123 12:^131 . 12;t, 124 . 124,125 . 125-131 . 131-204 . 131-133 133-135 133 133-r.K> I'tKO OeDUR Carnkadra— Continncd. Qroup quadiidfntala 136-144 charactuiB aii8 ninths of nicdium MJ/e ns . riilo, and many of tliciii of the typir^il ♦♦ 0»h?t" typt*. The cato illars of many of th«! sitecieH are very injurious to cultivated plants, and comr ,indt>r the general head >f'* Cut- Worms,'' a name ;;iven tlieiii I'ro i- their habit of euttiug uii,ju8t at the Hurfacit of Jie {ground, the ;e small and reniform; the front may bo flat or bulging, smooth or roughened, or with a tubercniate protuber- ance; the palpi may be short and weak, long and slender, smoothly scaled or moderate, robust, with heavy vestiture, making the second joint appear more or less clavate. The tongue is always at least mod- erately strong, as is the ease usually in the SoctahUv. The anicnniv may l>e entirely simple iu both sexes, or the male may have them ciliated merely, serrated with lateral bristly tufts, or tln^v n«ay be lengthily pectinated. The thorax may be depressed ai)ove, ilattened, or it may be robust, strongly convex ; the vestiture may be scaly or hairy or a mixture of both ; it may bo smooth, tiattened, glistening, or it may be rough, divergent, and loose; it may form a basal tuft miM-eiy, an ante- rior and posterior tuft, a simple ridge like, or divided anterior crest, or ii may have the anterior divided crest jmhI posterior tiiftings as well. The abdomen maj- be depressed, tiatteneti, truncate«l posteriorly, or it may be stout, cylindric, conic, with pointed tip. TVe middle and pos- terior tibia* are always spiuose; the anterior tibia; may be entirely un- armed, they may be sparsely spiuose, heavily spined at sides and tip, of full length, or shortened, broad, and liat. The primaries may \vd long and narrow, short and wide, a|>ices rounded or api<;es produced. In habitus they may l>e somber^ depressed, resemlding Xylimi, or they TMay Lm> bright, lively in colors, resembling ildiuUm. Some are strictly \*l 6 BULLETIN 38, 1:NITEI) STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. nocturnal in Iiabif, hiding iiiuU'r bark and in crevices during' the day; utlivrs are larj,rely diurnal, tl^ ing in the bright MUUHhine, visiting Howers, and not ko usually tsiken at night. The generic term Affrotis therefore convej's no distinct impression, and it could only result in a huge assemblage of species through which no path was visible and in which identiiicaMou to any but the si>ecialist or to one with a large collection was all but impossible. Vague efl'orts have been made from time to time to divide the genus and there exists an abundance of generic names and types, but the true characters wi-re not recognized, species were erroneously associated, and the universal result was that sooner or later the proposed terms went into the syn- onymy and but aided to increase the already existent confusion. I have made an ellort to use as far as possible existing generic terms in my division of the genus; but I have not had exotic material sufficient to give me an opportunity to study generic types, and the descriptions were in most cases useless, since they «liou the tact and individual propensities of an author and in large part also upon the tendency of the time at wiiich he is writing. After a period of wild generic creation there comes usually a reaction in which lumping is carried to an extreme, and this is true as to species as well as genera. For some time Mr. Orote was the only systematic worker in the North American Noctuid;e, and he steadily increased the number of generic divisions until he was in advance of the allowable at that state of our knowledge. The reaction was perhaps typ.ilied when, after becoming thoroughly imbued with the critical ideas of my Urooklyn entomolog- ical friends and teachers, I published my synopsis of noctuid genera. I there went too far in the opposite extreme, but have no apology to nnike for it. It acted as a check from which more careful studies have allowed a steady, and I hope healthy oaid permanent advance. JM. REVISION OF SPECIKS OF THE GENUS AGHOTIS. j; tlieday; ng tlowers, inpression, tii^li which a Hpecialist {jae eflorts here exists lU'ters Wire e universal to the syii- )ii. I have eriiis in my lutiicient to lescriptions jtnral char- have there- ich tiie spe- egated into roves their natural as- The study lat my lirst licial divis- and for the lat purpose iciations of II ts merely. it conveys to that dis- carried will an author iiich he is s usually a s is true as the North of generic ate of our becoming Butomolog- genera. I apology to udics have je. I have nuide use of the genital structure of the male for generic di- vision in oiie case only, where a very large series of species agree nio.st remarkably in structure, and the character becoming generically val- uable, lost value in the recognition of species. The study of the primary sexual charaiiters is one of the most val- uable guides in the recognition of species. The stnuitures are within my experience absolutely invariable within specific limits, and species otherwise closely allied are sometimes well separated by these charac- ters. They have i)roved invaluable in settling fjuestions of the identity of American and European forms so closely allied as to be considered races, and in several instances they have proved the iilentity or dis- tinctness of species when superficial characters left it in doubt. It has removed individual judgment as a factor in many cases and allows a Hujil iippeal in cases of difference. There is no universal test cliarac ter, however, and as with all others so sexual characters sometimes fail. Over one hundred species referred to Carnemles have so nearly the same form of structure that there is no sullicient variation to have specific value in doubtful cases. In some other groups, however, no two species are alike, and the widest variance within generic limits allows definite specific limitation. The work on the Agrotcs was done in 1SS4 and I88r>. At that time I was employed by Professor Itiley as a speiiial agent of the Division of Entomology, and the work was done in the intervals of the econcunic work assigned to me. Professor Uiley sent me as a basis for the work his entire collection, now in the National Museum. My own collection was very fair in the genus, and is now also in the National Museum. The Meske collection, containing many rare species and t>p<''^« is "ow also in the Museum collection. Mr. Tepper's collection contained a very great part of Mr. Morrison's types, and these, as well as whatever <'lse 1 needed for study, were freely placed at my disposal. This col- lection is now in tlie Michigan Agricidtuial College. Mr. (Iraef's col- lection contains many of Mr. Grote's and some of Mr. Moiiison's types, and these also 1 had for study. Mr. llulst iis kindly allowed me the use of his nuiterial, also containing some of Mr. (Irote's tyi)es. The grand collection oi' Mr. Henry Edwards was loaned me for study by its owner, and contained many viirieties, typical or aiitheutic, which are not or were not then elsewhere represented. Mr. Neuiiioegen's (tolU'C- tion had been at that time thoroughly revised by Mr. Grote and con- tiiined a very largo number of the types of Mr. (Jrote's later dcscrip tions, and to this also I had free acc^ess, ami Mr. Nenmocgen kindly loaned nui for study whatever I needed. At IMiiladelpliia thy collec- tion of tl:r> American Entomological Society was opened to me, and at Cambridge the courtesy of Dr. Ilagen eiiiibled me to study the material there. At Salem I studied the material in the Peabody Academy of Science, containing Dr. Packard's types. At Kittery Point 1 sj>ent a very enjoyable day with Dr. Thaxter, and the re I had an oi»[>ortunity P tiS 8 BULLETIN :{8, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. oriileiitifyiug a uutnber of Kpccies, tsoine uf whicii were lOfaiied me for furtber study by Dr. Tliaxter. Mrs. Ft'niaUl's collection at Oroiio was also studied, and to Professor and Mrs. Fernuld 1 owe thanks for kindly hospitality as well as free opportunity to study the material in tlie col- lection. Dr. Lintner also allowed me to use some of bis material not otherwise attainable. I bad thus an oi>portunity to study all the types existing in these collections, and my descriptions and studies were largely made from the original types or carefully comparetl specimens. Dr. B'liley's collection has some nniijues, and the doctor, then on wlmt proved bis deatb-bed, courteously loaned me tbe.^e for study. The material then, upon wbicb the work was originally based was not scant, and I owe to Dr. Kiley the opportnnity to visit all these collections and to the courtesy of the gentlemen named, as well as to others not namere recently large collections made in California produced numerous new species, necessitating re-arrange- luent, and to some extent the re-writing of a great i)ortion of the man- uscript. Some twenty-three of these speciies were published in the Transactions of the American Entomological Society for 1890, and scarcely were they in type when another accninulation of material turned up still further species. During the month of January, 181)0, I arrange«l, under Dr. liiley's direction, a large part of the noctuid col- lection of the National Museum, and on that occasion deposited a num- ber of my types in that collection. The collection of the Museum in this genus now stands second to none in completeness. Jiy far the greater number of species are represented, many of them by very line series of bred specimens. No bibliographical revew of the genus will bf here attempted, and after this brief history of my work and the material at command, I will ]»roceed at once to outline my scheme of classilication. Primarily the species divide into two series upon the arnuiture of the anterior tibia*. In the lirst series the member is not at all spinose, in the second the member is spinose, the armature variable. Rhynchagrntis is applied to a series of speciies in whi<'li the antenna' of Imth sexes are simple or merely ciliated in the male. The thorax and alHlomen are depressed, the i)rimaries subeqsial in most cases, the apices re<;tangular or rounded, the outt'r margin rounded or scarcely oblique. The palpi tend to fmin, ami iu most cases do form, a distinct Bill thi aiJ cut tu] or! 1»M wi coil .1(1 me for >rono was for kindly II tlie col- uriiil not the tyiies lies were >e(MmenH. I un what dy. The lot Hcaiit, tiuiis and Dt named material. |)h uf the i-ed by me I l)iolo;;ic ly him in ^ out of diic work gs of the ah I had ma, and material i-y, 1890, tnid col- I a nuin- to none isentcd, k'd, and 1, 1 will [e of the nose, in Intonnu' thorax Ises, the joareoly listinut REVISION OF SPECIKS OF TIIK OKNIIS AGKOTIS. » snout or beak, which characterizes the forms related to tupiihi, which is the typical siiecies. I reco|;nlze three p^roups in this genus based upon color, niaculation, and tuftiufjs. Ch irdintii with yellow secondaries is typical of the first ; vupida with complete ("rdinary spots, no or but indeJiiiite thoracic tufting, is typical of the second; while the third, with V shaped, open orbicular and more distinct thoracic tufting, is typical oi" the third. Atlelphagrotis also has simple male antenna'; the abdomen is not de- ju'essed but <'-ylindroconic, the primaries elongate, trigonal*', the thorax with distinct anterior and posterior divided tults. Sfelloris may be considered typical of this genus. Platagrotis is structurally close to the preceding, but (he wings are wider, more frail in appearance, the thoracic tufrings indelinite. The species have an entirely ditt'erent habitus, and Npcaiosa ma}- De consid- ereil typical. ^M^rc^a/^ro/w contains a few species differing from all the i)receding by wide primaries with strongly arched costa an6m is eharacteri/ed by loose, hairy vesti- tuie. The species base a bombycifonn appeirance and are gj'nerally reddish or ferruginous in color. In intennal structure they vary from simple to pectinated, further subdivision oi- this character being here deemed inadvisable. The other genera all have a mixed or s(!aly vesti- tare much more compactly disposed. Sitiigrotis is characterized by having S antenna', with the joints lat- erally furnished with bristly tufts. The primaries are normally tiigo- nafe and the habitus refers rather to the later groui»s than where here interpolated. Th«' geiieri- normiH is typical. In the second, tiie ordinary spots are more or less obscured by longitudinally stri^jate nnirks, transverse lines when evi- dent, single; acclh'is is typical. In the third, the ordinary sjmts are more or less completely confluent, the maculation is longitudinally strigose, the transverse lines are wanting, and the colors are pale gray. Cloanthoides is typical of tiiis group as well as of the genus. The remaining genera have the male antennse serrate and bristled or pectinated, and resort njust be had for a main division to the sexual characters which here become very constant in type, varying within narrow limits only. In the one division the clasper attached to the harpes is a single, long, corneous hook or a shorter beak-like prociess; in the other the clasper is distinctly bifurcate, the Ibrks long ami dis- tinct. Two genera can be recognized in the first division. Feltia, of which Huhgothica is typical, has the prinniries short ami wide, the apices are rounded, and the colors are usually dark. The form is robust and the species are very compactly built. The nmle antenna' are variable. Two RKVISION OF SPECIlvS OF THE GENUS A(JKOTIS. 11 I's are 1(1 the Two {jioups are fonneil in this genus, lii the first, of vhich mihyothica is typical the orbicular is open above, V-shaped ; in the second, of which veHerabiliH is typical, the orbicular is complete. Porosagrotis is applied to a series of forms of usually pale colors, moderately long and narrow primaries in which the apices are distinct, and in which the clavifom is rarely, the basal re8ent. They difler in habitus very greatly from the prece«ling, and mura-nula is typical. The remainder of the species, over one-third of the entire number, are referable to the genus Carnea({es,o( which marcns and citricolor are typical. They agree in the tuberculato front, brush like (bristled) male antenna', heavily spinose fore-tibiie, and finally in the bifurcate clasper of the male genitalia. This large series of species is divisible into five fairly well-marked groups. Group idlsonii has primaries with depressed, somewhat con- cave costa, the apices somewhat produced, and thus differs from all the others, in which the costa is normally straight or slightly convex. Group quailridentata is distinguished by the pale lines marking veins, three and four and six and seven and variably indenting the terminal sjiace. Group mimnria is recognizable by the very evident mpdi;:n shade crossing the outer portion of median space, and forming often the only prominent bit of maculation in the species. Ciroup pitychrous is largely negative, containing species which have no distinctive char- acters referring them to other groups. Finally, group tcsxcilafa con- tains those species in which the cell is black, or of some darker shade than ground color, between the ordinary spots. A number of species which are not referred to at all in this paper, but which appear in Mr. Grote's list, were not properly referable to Agrotts^ even under the vague dclinition winch allowed such a loose assemblage. It is suggestive that so large a proportion of our species arc from tlio we?'' M part of our country, and that those species are mostly referable to liione genera in which the front is modified in some way and the tibial armature heavy. In fact the distinctive character of the western fauna is shown in the very luedominance, and sometimes abnormal develop- ment of tibial and clypeal armature. The groat preponderance of palo or bright colors of the species of Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah is also worthy of note and may allow of some interesting con- clusions when the facts are more completely ascertained and collated. 1 have attempted few generalizations since the bringing of order out of the chaos of spe(!ies has been a task so great ami spreatl over so long a l)iM'iod that the comi)reheiisive view of the forms as a wlmle has been <)bscured. The scheme above outlined is capable of more definite and comprehensive statement in tabular form. i I If J Ml 12 lUILLETIN ;J8, UNITKD STATKS NAIIUNAL MITSKUM. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 1'2. i:j. u. HI 18, 10 SYNOPSIS OK (J|-.\r.II.\ AXn IJKOLTS. Anterior tiliiip not spinosc 2 Antcricr tiliiic si)inoHt! 9 Antcnnif of nuilo simple or merely ciliated 'A Aiitenii!!' of male HorratiMl nnil bristled 7 Anttimie of male iiectinated H Abdomen and thorax di'iires.iid; primaries hiibi«|iial : outer maruiii and apex rounded or reetaufjiilnr KiiY.NciiAiiUoris, 4 Abdomen normally cylinilric or conic;; \vin Thorax not, or (disolettdy, tufted ; ordinary sjiots complete (irou|> cupida. Thorax more or loss ovideutly tufted ; orbicular incomplete, opiMi superiorly, (irim\uf HI rtiHliynni. Primaries elongate, thorax with distinct anterior and posterior divided tufts, AnKi.niAOUoTis. Primaries wide and frail: thoracic tuftinTis. Thorax with a sharp crest; wings as in group ciipida AiiA(ii!nris. Wings broad ; costa of primaries arched Semioi-iioha. Front smooth 10 Front rough, tubcreulated, or pitted If) Vestituro long, loos", and hairy ; autenna- various Pacii.\oi»ta. Vestiture mixed scales and hair 11 Antenna; of male with joints marked laterally with tufts of bristly hair, Si;TA(;itoTi8. An ten me of male bi pectinated Atiitoris. Aiitenn:!' of male simple or merely ciliated lii Primaries regularly widening, apices distin<'t, not rounded PRlciDlio.MA, 1:? Primaries with apices rectangular or rounded Nocti'a, 14 Thorax with distinct anterior and posterior divided crest; primaries qnito strongly produced at apex Grouji saiicia. Thoracic tufts notl(in<;iii;{ to other <;i'(iii|is. (iroiip /x'/i/r/iroic*. H. t. Hpace croHscd liy pale isareissetl ; tlioiax more or le.ss depressed, obsoletely tiilteti, or with small divided crests. Primaries subeipial, onter martcin roumled; ap»!X rounded or rectanj^ular, palpi forminjj a more or les.s evident snout. Tlio above will siirtice to distinguish the. particMdar series of the Aurotes to which it refers, in atldition to what has already been said on the siiltjeet. Three groups are united under tliis tvrm, differing among tliemselves in pattern of niaculation and in the t.vi)e of the male genitalia. (Iroup cluinUnjfi is easily distinguished by the yellow secondaries. ( 1 ro u p fH^>tV/a contains six'cies in which the niaculation is complete and the thora.K is not, or i. * prominently, tufted. The palpi are most evidently snout-like. (rroup exficrtistiffma contains species in which the orbicular is more or less V-shaped, open to the costa which is usually more or less pallid. The thoracic tufts are always evident, but scarcely prominent. The characters of the genitalia, are discussed under the group head- ings. Group CIIAKDINYI. Anterior tibiae not spinose, front sm(K)th, antenna' of male simple, flat- ti'iied, densely clothed with line pubescence beneath, and with long eiliai from each sideof each Joint, not pectinated asstatewhat intermediate, and as the species can hardly be referred to Triphwia, I prefer to leave it !i i if »*« 14 nULLKTlN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. here. The yellow .secondaries will at once distinguish it, as no other American species is so marked. The form found here, is said to be the Asiatic chardinyi. Mr. Grote first stated that the fore tibia* in his specimens were spinose, but 1 have never been able to disciover any. The bibliography so far as refers to our fauna, is — Rbynchagrotis cbardinyi Mil v. IH'Jl). Hdv., Iiul. Mftli., IM, Triphnna. iHriCi. (in., Sji. (it'll. Noct., I, :U7, Tr'nthivim. H74. Sirk., Lt-p. Hliop. et Ilct., Tit, .li/iolU. IH83. Ort.. I'nic. Am. I'liil. Hoc, xxi. l.'.tl, Aijiotin. flilripiiiiiis (ift. 1874. (Jrt., .Sixth Kept. I'lNib. Ac. Si:i., App.,il, .ajrotia. 1H74. Grt., Ciiii. Eiit., \i, 71, AijnitiH. 1H7.'>. Grt., null. Hull. .Soc. N.it. .Sci., 11,301, Afjrolis. 187.'). Morr.. I'nM'. Ho.sr. Soc. N. H.. IH, p. 117, pr. syii. Irt70. Grt., Stctt. Eiit. Zcit., v, 37, 1:?,'), pr. ,sjii. Primaries varying in tint from reddish to dusky oclier brown with the transver.se lines blackish, even, tolerably distinct; the t. p. line with a rounded outward extension o[>posite the cell and a .slight out- waul tooth on vein one. Ordinary spots sometimes (iistin<;tly limited. Orbicular very oblicpu', attaining or fusing with therenifonn inferio.iy, pale with indistinct darker interior shades. Reniform upright, moder- ate, with darker center and i)ale ochery ringed. The median space is shaded with blackish po.steriorly. S. t. line distinct and continued, preceded by a dark costal shade relieving two costal pale dots. Ter- minal line even, fringes dark. Ilind wings yellow, with yellow fringes, and a very broad black margin which intrudes more or less on the cen- tral yellow field. Beneath the hind wings are yellow with narrower black hiinl border and faint discal point; costal region dusky. Fore wings with the center blackish, co.stal and termiinil regions brownish, varying in tone with the upper surface. The body colors vary in tone with the fore wings, and the black margins of the hind wings vary in width, .sometimes encroaching strongly on the yellow discal field. Expanse 2(>-34""''. l.Oo-l M inches. Habitat. — Anticosti, Labrador, Maine, New York (Adiroudacks), Canada, Vermont. The above de.scription is principally from Mr. Grote's characteriza- tion of gih'ipcnnis, which is very fair. There is considerable variation in the ground color, and in the relative distinctness of the markings, and also in the distinctness and size of the white costal spots. The genitalia of the male are very simple, the harpes with the tip rounded, not spiiudo.se. The clasper consists of a long, very strongly curved, corneous hook, shown in figure 1 on PI. ii. I have taken this species in the Adiromlacksat an elevation of about 2,000 feet, and also in Benniugtou County, Vermont. It seems not rare RKVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGKOTIS. 15 no other Ir. ( I rote It 1 have own with t. p. line lij;lit out- y limited, iiiferioily, it, njotler- i space is oiitinued, )ts. Ter- \\ frin}?es, \ the cen- niUTOwer vy. Fore jrownish, in tone s vary iu eld. ondacks), lacteriza- variation iiurkings, )t8. The rounded, y curved, of about 9 not rare from Maine northward, and i» attracted by light. I have not becu able to compare Siberian specimens, and as Mr. (Irote has accepted therele- {lation of his siwcies into the synonymy, 1 follow Mr. Morrison's refer- ence. Gronp CUPIDA. The species which I bring together in this group, form an aggrega- tion rather sharply detined from the other species of the genus antl en- titled perhaps to distinct generic designation. They really represent in our fauna the yellow winged species of Europe for which Ttipha'na has been used, and of which pronuba may be considered typical. The head is small, front smooth, narrow, gently rounded, not bulging; the eyes njoderate, the pali»i short, proje(;ted straight forward, second joint en- larged at tip, less so in the IJrst subgroup, terminal Joint minute. The front has a small pointed tuft which with the straight palpi form a short com[)ressed snout, less evident iu rujipectus and bntnnvicollis and again percei)tible in some species of the exsertistiyma group, but yet so evi- dently marked in the second subgroup that by this character alone could the species be recognized. Other characters are, however, not wanting. The thorax is depressed, smoothly clothed except iu the aberrant mirtxhilin, the vestiture being scaly, with an admixture of flat- tened hair. Abdomen flattened, truncate at tip, the appearance most evident in virgin 9 9 or in those which have oviposited. The gravid 9 has the abdomen distended, cyliudric, with au obtuse conic tip, and yet even then the depressed appearance remains, and is very distinct from the normal type. The primaries are comparatively narrow, subequal in most species, or when they are trigonate, then the wing is rather short, and never ample. In the typical species the ornamentation is nearly identical, dift'ering only in nunor details. The ordinary spots are always present and always complete, though occasionally they are verj' faintly traceable. In nearly all the species the terminal space is more or less discolorous, or at least slightly i»aler than the grouud color, though this is variable in specimens of the same species. As a whole, the species of the group are recognizable at a glance. Two evident subgroups may be recognized, the first containing rvji- jyectiis Morr., and brunnckoUis (Irt., and the other, the balance of the species. In ornamentation tlie species agree in having the head and collar darker than ground color, which is the case in no member of the next subgroup. The palpi are not so evidently Ibrmetl into a snout, and the abdomen is longer. Among themselves the species difler in the darker color, and purplish red body vestiture of rujipectus, and in the narrow primaries and ample secondaries as well as pale color of brunneicoUis. Another common character which separates them from the other species is the form of the S genitalia, which are somewhat allied to clmrdinyi. Here ti»e harpes are membraneous, broad, only slightly concave, the tip slightly produced superiorly and rounded. k; lU.LLETIN ;;^, I'M TK1> STATES NATIONAL ML'SKIM. The claspor is long, conieous, uikI curved, single. In the remainder of the species, cupula and itltcrnata excepted, one {general form of clas^ter obtains. Chisper and harpes are practically combined in an excavate corneous main shank, with a lonjj curved superior |»rocess. In vupitla the same general form obtains, but from the upper inner niar^'in pro- jects a short (inj^er-like process. Alternata differs in havin<; from the nii(blle of the main shank a coni- cal chitinous process proloujfed into a short acute and slijjhtly curved hook. The siK'cies are otherwise realaci(la the wings are proportionately shorter, the apex and outer margin are strongly rounded, and the species as a whole looVs stouter than cupula. The terminal space is usually distinctly blue gray, but occasionally in a pale drab specimen, the contrast is hardly apparent. The species is usually western. Variata, alternata, and cupiilisshna are wider-winged si>ecies. Alter- nata is easily recognized. It is larger than the others and the color is nearly always pale drab or clay yellow ; the terminal space is always paler, and the maculatiou is very distinct. It is an eastern form. Variata is also a large species with the maculatiou subobsolete, the lines jmwdery, and the terminal si)ace pale bluish gray ; rarixi)rt.is applied to a pale form of this species. It is western. CupiillsNinui is a smaller insect with usually more evident maculatiou and less contrasting terminal space; ori»/,s' and lactula are applied to forms of this species. It is western. It is noticeable that while the eastern species of the second subgroup differ from the western forms, and inter se, in the form of the S geni- talia, the western forms show a remarkable agreement in this respect. Air. Butler has made some syuonymical references in this group which il< iiisiiiitler ifclas[K'r L'xciivate II cupula jjiii pro- k a colli- y curved imlcyaiiH tlioracic jcii's; /«- (liscolor- r,aii4l tliu s by the us tliurax Kst nearly I, and ex- ,'ly varia- livaceous et with ii id cup if! a tie, in the is a dark own and ratlier lid outer stouter fay, but iparent. Alter- color is always l-in. ete, the X (Irt. is (Hilatiou plied to iibgroup i {jeiii- respect. p which UKVISION or SFKCIKS OF THK (SKNTM AOKOTI8. 17 I find it impossilile to ac<*ept. He iiiaKcs rarix, niriatn, anil aUcrnntn IbriiiH of />/i^//(>p/er in Trans. Knt. Soi;., Lond., 18.SM, I't. iii, proves tha!, he has completely inistMMl the true basis of i;eiieri<' distinction in this ;;ioup, and his anso- ciations of species are thoroughly sii[H'rricial and structurally unwar- ranted. HYXorsiS o|- TIIK HPKCIKH. Tliornx iiiitiirtoil or with Imt a fn-lilc luisiil tuft. Ileiid aiul collar ilmcoIorDiiN, Itrowii or lilack. Thi»rax ami |irimarii's cariifoiis ^ray. <(illar hhnk itfKii'KCTl?». Tliorax ami primarii's vcllowisli, ln-aii rcrriiyiiioiis iikcnm'.icoi.ms. Ihvttl and collar concoloroiis, co.sta not iliscoloroiis, paler. l'riiiiurit>H narrow, Niilici|iial. Primaries clonjratc. Color rcililiNli lirown, transverse lines sin^lt! MlMM M.is. Color from cla.v yellow to red brown; transverse linen jn'minate; a dark costal iiatcli at inception of s. t. line Cil'IKA. Primaries shorter, color varyinj; fromdirty yellow to lirijjht red hrown ortlark ^ray ; terminal space usually pale Ki'i>y <>f hloisli, rarely concolnrons, I'l.AClUA. Primaries evidently wider, trifjonatc. Color dark brownish red to pale drab or olivo pray, terminal space contrast- iufj bluish fjray, transverse lines inilistinct powdered with fjray, ordi- nary spots faintly outlined vakiata. Color clay yellow with paler contiaslin^ terminal space, transverse lines and spots very distinct ; s. t. line sinuate, uneven ai.tkknaTa. Color varii!8 from clay yellow to bri;;ht reis.si.ma. Collar discolorous, primaries with costa broadly pallid. Tliorax ferrujriiious, outer nuir^in of ]iriuiaries bluish <;ray. ..liiMAKniNAtJS. Thorax sepia-brown, primaries evenly coucolorous nittikuons. Thorax with distinct anterior and posterior tufts. Itenifornt concolorons, outlined with pale scales .iXKi,i;(iAX.s. Heniform largo contrasting pale yellowish miiiaiiim.s. Rhynchagrotis ruilpectus Morr. 1874 Morr., Proc. Bost. Soc., N. H., 17, Hi,'), .{(jrotia. 187«) Grt., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. V., xi, :!(»l, Ujrotis. Thorax and primaries of varying; shades of bluish ji^'^.v, somewhat irrorate with brown scales, collar and head dark re«l brown, the former tipped with gray; transverse lines geminate narrow, black, often ob- solete; t. a. line forming three distinct outward curves or scallops; t. p. line slightly crenulated, with a regular outwarfl curve over the cell; s. t. space darkening gradually to the distinct black s. t. line. Ordinary spots faintly outlined by brown scales, reniform with a dark filling; at lower portion a faint brown median shatle is traceable. Beneath, the oriiameiitatioii is that common to the entire group; primaries with costal and outer margin irrorate with purplish scales, else blackish^ L»;m5— Bull. 38 2 1 «' I.' , ! t u HI' II.: 18 lU'LLKTIN :W, r.MTEI) STATKH NATIONAL MO-KLM. HccoiMlarii's with iiiitorior iniir^iii irmrato with purplish simU'm, e]tw ^ray ; a roiniiioii -1.4"> iiicheM. IIaiu TAT. — Northern an«l Eastcin States, Lt'wis County, New York, July '2iK British Cohinihia, ()re<;un. Kvith'iitly referalih' liere l»y the jjeneral haWitns, yet snllieiently l. .'., f. .'., Soctua. l-t)'.>. (irt., Trails. Am. Kiit. .Soc, ii. WW, AIa<*k, an»i iiore exten- sively witli ferruginous scales; transverse lines dark-brown. diKtirict, but interrupted; ba.sal line distinct, blackish, straight; t. a. line black- ish, geminate, nearly straight, forming thn-e even curves; t. p. line often indistinct, crenulate, forming black «lots on the vein.s, as a whole the line with a rather even outward curve; s. t. line narrow, pale, in- distinct, sinuous, a distinct dark costal shade at its inception often continuing as a narrow margin to the pale line ; ordinary spots large, distinct, concolorous with the rest of the wing, well tietined by ferru- ginous or daiker annuli ; the reniform broad, but slightly excavated externally; terminal space often somewhat darker; a faint nairrow ferruginous median shade; fringes long, tlarker than the re.st of the wing; secondaries broad, very pale grayish testaceous, immaculate, very slightly darker sliaared with rufipcctuH this species has narrower, longer prima- ries more ample .secondaries, and longer abdomen. The ditlerences in color are ordinarialy so great that there is no diiliculty in separating them. In some western specimens however I have been seriou.sly puz- zled to say which species was before me. The genital structure is i rac- »I. KKVISION OF Sr'KCIES oF TIIK (SKNTS A(i«<>TIS. 19 I aii«l the ■ IhmIv 1m?- lew York, ieiitly iViA- of a sub- >t fnnniiiK I lie ioii^or item Ki>ec- r, difl'ereiit lore exteii- I. (IiKtinc-t, line black- t. i>. line IS a whole V, pah", ill- tioii often >ot.s lar;;e, by feiTU- exravated t narrow est of the maculate, th, prima- iler alonj; , which is ue ; head )ncolorou8 Northern, ;er prima- rences in eparatin^ jusly puz- re is I rac- lically i(I«>ntical, wiiile the style of niaiiilation is also the same. The tliilerence in si/e an«I in trronntl color remains as the most prominent distinctive feature, and these are not always constant. I have referred these western sptntimeiis to nijiprctim. The spevie8 is not common. Rbyncbagrotis miiiimalis (imto. lfffS». Grt., No. Am., Eiit. i 4."i, Aijroiii. lieatl, thorax, and primaries brick red, with a faint yellowisli tinge, terminal space somewhat paler; secondaries and body smoky gray, fuscous. Palpi laterally dark. Primaries with transverse lines single, dark, followed by a narrow pale sha«le, T. a. line even, or but slightly wavy, outwardly obliipie from costa. T. p. line (!rennlat«', outwardly curved over the cell. S. t. spact? slightly darker, the course of the s. t. line being marked by the contrast to the paler terminal space. A ter- minal row of dots, fringes concolorous, orbicidar small, round, pale, with darker center. Ueiiiform small, dark, a diil'use antl somewhat ob- scure median shade, evident below reniform. i:xpan«l8 ;?L*-;{S "••"; 1.3U inches. llAnn i". — Cciorado, Maine. This species, of which I have Inul no male fordisse<;tion,i8ordimirily very easily recognized. There are however, among specimens, sent me by Mrs. Fernald, some forms, which wiiile probably rightly referred here, show a much nearer approach tocM/»/f/rMhan a knowledge of Colo- ra«lo specimens alone would seem to indicate. The species seems not cuuimon. Rbyncbagrotis cupida firt. 1804. nit.,rroc. Ent. Sim-. IMiil., m.-Vi'.. pi. "> f. 7, Soctua. lrt)i>. (Jrt., TraiiH. Am. Ent. Soc. ii, ;{oy, A. Wlk., C. H. Mns., Lop. ili't Snppl., :{, 710, (Iraiiliiphora. l"!f*l>. Kutlcr, Trans. Ent. Soc, Loinl., l^^'J, '.\S'.i, pr. 8yn. Var. mtcxNKii'ENXis (Jrt. 1875. Grt., Can., Ent. vn, 1«7, .lr. f 1883. Grt., Proc, Am. Phil. Soc, xxi, l.'Vr., Aijrotiit. N'aries in color of thorax and primaries from drab or clay yellow to dark red brown, more or less powdery. The more usual form is a brick or didl red, abdomen somewhat more grayish ; secondaries fuscous to blackish, sides of palpi al.so black. The maculation is often more or less indistinct, but when fully present is as follows ; All tUo lines gem- I If I 111 20 UKLLKTIN ::«, IINITKI) STATES NATIONAL MUHKUM. iiiatc. I'.iisal liin', hliUik, curved t. a. lino outwardly obliciue, blackisli, wavi'tl, iudutlcd space paU'i- ; a distiuct black hpot on . line even, dark brown, included space paler, a distinct black i)atch on costa at inception of inner line, outer line pnnctiforin; the liiie makes a slijfht outward curve over dis- cal cell. H. t. line initiated by a larjje, ace sonic- times as a whole daiker than the rest of the win^. Ordinary s[»ot.s dis- tinct, aninilate with a paler shade, oibicular very slightly oblique sometimes concolorous, more; usually darker ; reniform moderate, with an eveidy blackish center, of the normal shape. Beneath, primaries relete obsolesccn- n eluded K'l- Hue, »ver dis- di, tlUMl [• points, le Hoine- potsdis- obliqne ite, with riniiiries a or less ,'ith red- und evi- as. complete iciiliitiou eems the lul which ire of the 1. II, f. 3. he says , or that a brick costa at st of the ids 40"""' |iore red, akcn l\v md sub- ie 8])eci- exi)a!ise iiother |h bright of brtin- was in consti- I have lich con- \cy'ragei, believe The type of brnnneipennis is an extreme form, and Mr. CJrote's de- scription may therefore be reproduced: "Allied a) cupida but smaller; fore-tibia' unariued; thorax and fore- wings of a glossy chestnut brown, somewhat reddisj; ; none of the usual markings are noticeable. The sub-terminal space is stained with black- ish. Following the s. t. line is a series of faint, paie, intewspaceal Ueek- ings; ordinary lines indicated on costal region. Hind wings blackish fuscous; abdomen beneath staine, .Iijrotis. 1878. Grt., Can. Ent. x, -i'-i'i, .lijrotix. 1889. Hntl./rnin.s. E.it. Soc, Loml., im), •M\=. Butl.. Trails. Eiit. Soc. Loiul., liiS'J, M'i^phijUoiihora. rariV Grt. 187r.. (Jrt.. Bull. Bull'. Soc. N. Sci., in, 83, Aijroth. 18H"i. (Jrt., New List, an var., pr. ? ISS'X Biitl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Loiulon, 1H8!), WA-i^pliijUophora, "Terminal space pale; this species tlitfers by the more irregular, pale, powdery s. t. line, relieved from ihe pale terminal shading by the ground color of the wing obtaining beyond it. The dark fore wings are stained with ocherous. The geminate lines witii j>ale included shades are well defined and inaugurate' with black costal dots. Stig- mata concolorous, ill defined; orbicular round, moderately large ; rehi- form upiight, narrow; both defined by narrow, pale yellowish annuli, a diHu.se pale powdering over the place of the daviform. Collar, head and palpal tips grayish; palpi black at the sides; thorax like fore wings. Hind wings dark fuscous with interlined fringes, beneath with common line sfraightly marked with blsick on costa of primaries." The above is Mr. Grote's original characterization. In my experience it varies from pale to deep red brown, occasionally more yellowish. The median lines usually consist only of the included i)ale shade and are often very diffuse, powdery. The form named rarix by Mr. Grote lie characterized as follows : "Like the i>receding with pale terminal space. Of a i)ale drab or gray olive fuscous. Markings much like the preceding \i'ariiita], from vrhich it seems to differ in color, in the greater width of the geminate REVISION OF SPECIKS OK THE GENUS AGUOTIS. 23 lines, iinmY«." None of the characters are at all constant, and then* is n«) point at wliich even the varietal line can be satisfactorily drawn. Expand ,{3-40"""; 1.32-1.00 inches. Habitat. — Colorado, Nevada, California, Arizona, Vancouver, As already indicated the genital structure of this si)ecies agrees with that of placida, and to that species the present is more nearly allied. It is, however, larger, and wider winged, and the powdery transverse markings are somewhat pearance. In aCalifornian si)ecimen examined, thes. t, line was distinct, ]>ale, sinuous, and only the outer portion of the erminal space was paie. Rhynchagrotis alternata (iit. 18fi4. Grt., Proo. Eiit. Soc, Phil., Iir, .^-iC), pi. .'"., I". H, Xortiia. 1871. Grt., Can. Eiit., vi, l.'i, CVrn.s/is. 1^74. Grt., C'iiii. Ent., vi, 214 .if/rolis. 1S7H. Grf., Can. Ent., X, '2M>, .Itjrotiii, 188'). ISntl., Trans. Ent. Soc, Lond., 1881), •.^H2-.phiillophora. Pale to dark clay yellow; primaiies irrorate with black; all the markings distinct; s. t. space darker, terminal spaiic paler than gi'ound color. Maculation essentially as in ciipida. IJasal line geminate, i))'own- ish. T. a. line oblique, geminate, with a simple subcostal . line geminate interrupted, nearly straight, but little arcuated at the disc; beyond, and ('lo.se t(» the line is a row of dark venular dots, giving the ai>pearan(!e of a third line. S, t. line Muirked by the contrast between the dark s. t. and paler ter- minal space, the s. t. shading in pale specimens looking very much like a dark fascia. A series of blackish terminal dots. Ordinary sjxjtsnar- rowlyannulate with pale, darker than ground color, therenilorm slightly shaded witli ferruginous. Secoiularies fuscous to blackish, fringes con- trasting, pale reddish yellow. Hcneath the margins of both wings are reddish yellow, the disc of primaries blackish, of secondaries paler, luteous. A common, blackish «>xtra-discal line. I'aljii pale ferniglnoiis, not black at sides, and thus this species is easily separable from all the precediu!.' forms. Expands ;jr)-3S""»; 1.40-1 ..IjO inches. IlAiuTAT.— Middle and Northern Atlantic States, I)istri(!t of Co- lumbia. This is one of the most constant species of this group, both in size and maculation. I have seen many pale specimens of cupida labeled attcriKtta, and Mr. (rrote himself is not guiltless of such ernu's. I have uever seen the si>ecies from the l*ai;ilic States, though Mr. Grot«' givea this as a Californian S|)ecies in Can. Ent., Vi, 2ir», but I believe he had n well nuuked specimen of t'«/>/f/m/m« belbre him rather thaiu»//t'/Hrt/a, Mia 24 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ami the same is probably true of the Nevada 8i)ecimen referred to in Can. Eiit., X, 235. In fact, the whole paragniph in reference to this Nevada specimen points to cupidissima almost withont doubt. The sexual character of the male i)oint to cupida rather than the other species, and the color of the palpi seems to form a safe character for superficial classification or determination. I have never seen this species shading into red, all the red specimens proving cupida. Rhyuchagrotis cupidisi^ima Grt. 1875. Grt., Can. Eiit., vii, 101, Jgrotis. 1H78. Grt., C.1I1. Ent., x. '>:U, .igrotis. 1878. Grt, Bull. Snrv,, iv, 17:$, Aarotis. 1883. Grt., Proc. Am. Phil. Soc, x.\i., l.">, Jgrotis. orbiii Grt. 1870. Grt.', i3till. Buff. Soc. N. .Sci., iii, HH, .lr, 8yn. 1878. Grt., Bull. Snrv. iv, 173, au'sp, dist. "The Californian specimens are light red colored, with powdery geminate lines, and variable in appearance ; one is pale fawn, nnicol- orous, withont marks on primaries save indications of the stigmata and the dottetl t. p. line. Again, three specimens have the orbicular some- what V-shaped, open above. The t. j). line is more regular than in cupida; it is accompanied by black dots. Tiie subterminal line is nearer to the margin than in either alfernata or cupida, but it is more like alternata than it is cupida in its being irregular, accompanied with powdery black scales; it is preceded on costa by a bhujkish shade, as in cupida. The present species 1 formerly considered as alternata from the markings, and on Mr. Morrison's authority as cupidah'om the color, but the reniform I now see is more kidney-shaped than in either the eastern alternata or cupida. I .sent a specimen to IMr. Morrison to show the variability of wluit I supi)osed was his exsertintiffma, .and he in- formed me that tlie speciuuMi was cupida. Afterward he returned me my specimen of cvsertistidma, * • * which I then saw was an en- tirely dillerent species. I have subsetjuently adopted the view that the Californian specimens were cupida, and that I was in error in con- sidering them to be alternata. I now reject both dl^terminations, and consider that the Californian species is allie«l to both alternata and cupida, and is a new .spe(Mes from the data given above. Tlie habitus of cupidifiiiima and size (.31)""") is rather that o( alternata. Tlie hind wings i\re a little i)ak'r at base in cupidissima, and the luuule more ob- vious. A. cupida does not as yet aiipear to occur in California." REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGHOTIS. 25 The above is Mr. Grote's original description; afterward, in Can. Ent., X, 235, he refers to the species as of a " pale reddisli chiy cok>r," and in the Bull. Surv., iv, 173, says: "Nearest to enpida; similarly sized, but paler, with the orbicular incomplete superiorly. Varies by the primaries becoming clay colored without markings. Collar un- lined.'^ Mr. Grote has confounded two distinct species in his characteriza- tions— one with opci; orbicular, and one with the orbicular closed. A long series of specimens in Mr. Neumoegen's collection are all of one species aud are regarded as typical, the more as Mr. Grote's references of orbiH and laetula to this species is most consistent with this type. The species is common in the Western States, and I have seen long suites, in none of which the orbicular showed any tendency to become incomplete. They vary in color from very pale l^teous to a very dis- tinct red brown, the terminal space usually a little paler, but the color very even as a whole. Sides of pali)i black. Transverse lines and ordinary spots much as in altcrnata, but generally indistinct and ditH- euit to make out. Ordinary spots usually slightly and often consider- ably darker and narrowly annulate with a paler sha«le. Secondaries and under side as in alternata. In size it ranges below the exi>anse given by Mr. Grote (39"""), my largest specimen being 3.")"'"', ranging ace hardly paler. Pos- sibly a variety of alternatH but the spots are concsolorous." In the Proc. Am. Phil. Soc, xxr, ITm, the suggestion that this may be a form of cupidissima is made, and I believe this is correct. At all events it is easy in any series of cnpidissima to pick out orbis or what fully answers to the description. lAvtida is said to be " Allied to cupidissima. This species is smaller, and has a line on the collar, and the thorax and fore wings of a burnt brown, strewn with ocher scales, which till the stigmata in one speci- men, and in the other leave the spots concolorous, while encjirding them and tilling the geminate lines. Except in color, this form dilfers very little from cupidinniina, while seeming narrower and shorter winged. i ' M t »j II •• nil" 36 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. All the stigmata shown. Hind wings and under surface as iu cupidia- sima, which is a light red species." In Dan. Ent., x, 234, the referen e to cupidissima is more positively made, but in Bull. Surv. iv, 173, the following are indicated as dis- tinctive: ♦'Darker than the preceding [cupidisHima], purple brown, with powdery ochrey markings; claviform indicated, collar unlined, a little smaller thaii cupidissima.'''' The oidy specimen of Uvtula which I have seen labeled by Mr. Grote did not agree with this description at all and was the same as the obser- vahilis of Mr. Graef's collection, belonging to the exscrtistigma group rather than here. Mr. Grote speaks of all these forms from California oidy. I have them from California, Colorado, Arizona, Kansas, and British Columbia. Rhynchagrotis bimarginalis Grt. 1683. Grt., Ann. & Mag., N. II. (Lond.), 1883, .'•)3, .taroUs. 1883. Trims. Kans. Ac. Sci., vm (1881-'82), 54, Jgrotis. Head, thorax, and anal tuftings orange brown to ferruginous; collar grayish; primaries deep brown, with blackish shading; costa contrast- ing, leather brown or reddish yellow ; s. t. space black on costa, else powdered with ferruginous; terminal space gray; basal space and space between the sinuate t. a. lines powdered with ferruginous; t. p. line even, slightly crenulate ; a row of venular dots through the s. t. space; ordinary s|>ots obscured by the blackish shading; secondaries blackish gray, as is also the abdomen, save anal tuftings; beneatii dusky, with common outer shade line and discal spots. Expands 35-3G"""; 1.40-1.44 inches. Habitat. — New Mexico. This species is so decidedly and remarkably marked that no mistake in its recognition seems possible. It is evidently referable to this group, but seems to introduce a strong tendency to the style of maculation more general in the following crscrti stiff ma group. I have seen only a few specimens, and have not been able to study the male. Rhynchagrotis vittifrons Grt. 1864. Grt., Troe. Ent. Soc, Pliil., in, 527, pi. 5, f. 8, Noctiia. 1HP8. Grt., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, ii, 30<>, Ayrolk. Head, thoni.x, except collar, and primaries smoky blackish ; collar and costa to t. p. line creamy white ; t. a. line pale, somewhat indistinct, thrice outwardly curved, oblique; t. p. line geminate, pale, included space concolorous ; outer line punctiform, the line even and very slightly e.xcurved over the cell; s. t. line Innulate, continued, pale, broadly REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGKOTIS, 27 >wn, with marked on costa; a pale streak on subniedian vein through the cell; orbicular very small, punctiform ; renitorra moderate, pale, powdered with rusty red; secondaries white, the veins with dusky scales; be- neath whitish, i)rimaries, with a dusky s. t. slnule, broadest at costa; secondaries sprinkled with brownish along costa. Expands 33""" ; 1.32 inches. IIAHITAT.— Colorado. Of this i)eculiar species I have seen but a very few specimens, all very much alike. The male genitalia are as in placiiia, and thus confirm the leference of the species to this group. The gravid females have the abdomen conic, and at first sight do not suggest cupida, but a little caro will show the evident resemblances even in that sex. There need never be any doubt in the identification of this species. Rhynchagrotis inelegaus Smith. 1890. Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xvii, 43, Agrotis. General color dull blackish brown; head and palpi coucolorous; col- lar with a reddish suffusion, more marke I. Its iiii.i iifi-.i 28 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Rhyuchagrotis mirabilia. Git. 187'J. Grt., N. Am., Ent. i, 3l» Jijroiis. Smoky to deep black ; thoracic disc discolorous reddish or pale gray, renifonii contrasting creamy white. T. a. line much as in cupula, and tolerably well marked. T. p. line indicated by a sparse powdering of pale scales. S. t. line defined by pale scales ; terminal space slightly powdered with gray. A dis^'nct narrow deep black line from base to t. a. line. All from t. a. line to reiiiform black, the orbicular absorbed or Jippearing as a mere pale point. Expands 3G"""; 1.45 inches. Habitat. — Colorado and Arizona. An odd species of which I have not seen n S . It differs from all the other species save inelegans, by having distinct anterior and posterior thoracic tufts which are rendered prominent by their contracting color. Yet the species so evidently belongs here by the general shape, that I felt no hcsitiitiou in leaving it as an aberrant member, leading to the stellaris type. The c genitalia I doubt not will be found to conform in all essential respects to the placida type. Group EXSERTISTIGMA. Front narrow, subequal, scarcely wider superiorly, smooth. Antennai simple, ciliate in the S . Second joint of palpi so clothed as to form a club at tip. Thorax subquadrate vestiture smooth ; a distinct anterior and posterior divided tuft, collar often slightly produced at middle. The geifital pieces of S , while referable to the same structural type, yet show considerable variation. The distinguishing feature is a broad slightly excavate corneous harpe, more or less prolonged into a finger- like projection superiorly ; nmrgin sinuate to inferior angle which is more or less distinctly and acutely indicated. From this main shank there arises some distance from the end, a cliitinous base, superiorly prolonged into a curved process of varying size and shape. Keference to the figures on Plate ii will better explain the structures. Each ex- an)ined species has some little peculiarity of its own, and no two are exactly alike. The primaries are variable in length and shape, and run from tl»e form typical in the cupida group, to that found in the stellaris section. In ornamentation they all agree in the trigonate orbicular which is open superiorly; usually also the costa is more or less distinctly pallid, and as a rule the cell between the ordinary spots is black, or at least darker. Closely allied therefore in habitus and esential structural characters to the ciipida group, yet the ornamentation alone, combined, to except mirabilia, with the thoracic tufting, will serve to distinguish it. The chief difficulty in dealing with this group has not been in the separation of the species from the material at hand, for that was easy, but in the identification of the species described by Mr. Grote. Some KKVISION OF SPi:CIi:S OF THK GKNUS A(JROTIS 29 of the (lesijriptioiis most obviously coiifomid two or more species, and ii^^iiiii there is very little doubt but that every one of the species has beeu described more than once. Still with the descriptions alone, I would have made out fairly well, but I was ajjain thoroujjhly upset by the remarkable identifications made by Mr. Grote,and the unreliability of the word " type "on some of the labels, insects beariuj;" them not a;;reeing at all with the description. I found the cxHei'tistuima of Mr. Teppor's collection to equal the oh- .scri'a7>t7<.sof the Neumoegen collection, while the exHcrtlHt'Kjma of the Ncumoegen collection was dilVerent from that of theTepper collection, and neither of them was like the type in Mr. (Inel's collection. The r//,srojV/rt/(,s' of Mr. Ilulst's collection is tha ohscrvahilis of the Gru'f col- lection, but not of the NeuinoeKen collection, and the type in Mr. E«l- wards's coUiM'tion is entirely ditterent from any I have seen so named. So also the facula of the Neumoegen collection is dilferent from the same species in the Edwards collection. . Some of the absolute types were inaccessible to me, atul under the circumstances I have named all the species that I could not positively identify, and have given all of Mr. Grote's original descriptions for coutparison. i fully expect that all the names here given by me will fall into the synonymy, but they will at least have served their purpose of positively separating the forms, an«l at some future time when com- parisons can be made in jNIr. Grote's collection in the Hritish Museum tlie rectification of the synonymy can be easily noted here. The species of the group divide readily into two sections, according as the collar is or is not black tipped. In the series with the collar black tii)ped, exscrtistigina is distin- guished by the pale luteous gray color, the elongate primaries, and the depressed form. Formaiiii is smaller, much more robust, shorter winged, and dark red brown or purfdish in color. To this I refer insularis positively from the type and the description. Emarginata is almost (jertainly a form of this species without the gray shaded costa. I did not find the species in Mr. Edwards's collection, from which it was described. CnrtNsima Uarv. was referred by its describer as allied to fonnalis, and the descrii)tiou is comparative and entirely inaufiicient to identify the species. Mr. Grote broke up Dr. Harvey's association of the spe- cies, and placed it with intrita and rava, so that the description be- comes worse than useless. /iinominaUs is bright red, the collar is slightly produced at middle, the tufts are very distinct, and the apices of primaries are more evident tiian in either of the preceding forms. Ohservahilis is a species that I have not been able to identify. Mr. Grote's identifications in no case agree with his description of this spe- cies, and I have seen no specimens to agree with it. The color is dark blackish brown, the reniform dusky, and the terminal space pale, oliva- 1 1(1 80 BULLETIN 3«, UNITKI) STATKS NATIONAL MUSEUM. ceous ; stronj^ly distinctive foiitnros. Tiie rcmaiiKU'r of tin* species have the colhir concolorous aiul not bhick tipped. Facula represents /or»jrt//« of the first fjroup in winy form and fjeneral habitus. Distracta represents exserttHtigma of the i>revious section in color ami sordid, depressed appearance. It is powdery, but tlie powdering is evenly distributed, the s. t. space not contrasting. Discoidalis is much like the preceding in color and habitus, but is less depressed, scarcely jiowdery, the s. t. space distinctly darker than the rest of the wing, and the orbicular nearly complete. Greniilata and confma agree in distinct tufting, somewhat i)roniinent collar and i)roduced ai)ices of primaries, differing from each other by the dark color and coiicolorous costa of the former, and the bright red color and pallid costa of the latter. Costata was referred to this series by Mr. Giote, comparing it with cxsertistiyma (coh/msw), and it may refer to my species. Ue says, how- ever, that the t. p. line is single, finely luiuilaia, and that the collar has a black line — features which seem to indicate rather the texHelata group where there are a number of species with the same general type of maculatiou. In tabular form the species autoptically known to me are as follows : SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES. Collar broadly black at tip. Smoky brown ; costa, traiisverao liiiCH and outer margin luteons.. .kxsektistigma. Darlv piiri>lisli or j^ray brown ; transverse lines distinct; roltnst; primarifvs sliort, rounded outwardly foI!MALIS. Ked brown ; transverse lines feebly marked ; t. p. luirdly traceable; less robust; l)rimaries more elouffate, and produced at apex uixoMiN ALis. Collar not tipped with black. Robust; abdomen short, plump; primaries short, outwardly rounded ; dark black. ish brown, lines faint faci'la. Less robust ; primaries lonjjer ; abdomen more slender. T. a. lines crossiiij^ the costal space, wliich is not strongly contrasting in color. Dull luteous, powdered with black; s. t. space not darker than uu-dian pace, DISTKACTA. S. t, space darkest, orbicular tending to become complete superiorly, DISCOIDALIS. Deep piir)>lish brown ; s. t. space evidently paler than median space, CKEXULATA. T. a. lines not crossing the broadly itallid costa. Bright red brown, costa and collar yellow CONFUSA. Rhyiichagrotis exsertistigma Morr. 1874. Morr. Proc, Bost. Soc. N. H., xvii, ItiG, Agroiis. 1875. Grt., Can. Ent,, vii, iiC, altcrnata. 1875. Grt., Can. Ent., vii, 101, an sp. dist. alternata. 1875. Grt., Bull. Bntt". Soc. N. Sci., ii, :{0:J an sp. dist. 1876. Grt., Bull. Buft'. Soc. N. Sci., iii, 79, AgroHs. 1887. Smith, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, 450, Ayrolis. Color dark clay yellow, median antion is very brief, and is as fol- lows : "This species resembles the eastern aJternata, Grotc, but it can be separated by the following characters: Orbicular spot open above, not subcpiadrate as iu alternata. The median space is suttiised with black, ('laviform spot distinct and disconcolorous. The exterior line is drawn in below the cell ; and lastly the collar is black above, whitish and con- trasting below." Judging froui the above description Mr. Grote promptly referred the species to alternata as a synonym. Later, on receiving a specimen from Mr. Morrison, marked cvsertistigmn he withdraws this reference and (tilers a description essentially dilferent as to coloration. Still later Mr. Grote learned that the specimen sent him by Mr. Morrison was not like the type, and he seems never to have really recognized Mr. Mor- rison's species. The result is the confusion indicated in the prelimi- nary remarks on this group. Mr. Morrison's comparisons are really very apt and the species is a ;;ood one. The thoracic tuftings are small, and the whole insect ap- pears depressed, abdomen Hattened. None of Mr. Grote's remarks apply to this species and the figure iu the Butf. Bull, refers to the form 1 have named mifasa. Rhynchagrotis formalis (Jiotc, 1874. Grt., Bull. BiilV. Soc. Nat. Sci., ii, (il, Ai/rotis. 1878. Git., Hull.., Surv., iv, 174, .Ifirolin. 1-87. Siiiitli, I'roc. II. 8. Nat. Miis., x, 4uO. var. iNsui.AiJis (Jrote. 1876. Grt., Bull. Bull'. Soc. Nat. Sci., m, 8J, Ayrutis. " S An exceedingly dark and beautiful species, with silky squammation and soHiewhat Hattened form, and allied to our eastern A. coUaris and A. (jeniculata, middle and hind tibia; alone spinose, dark, intense black- :) ,.)•■■ 'J. 111 ' iii'i I Vl'l :er, and shade of 32 mJLLKlIN :iH, UNITEU STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. r.-s." Till* fonii inHularin islihrown. The collar lias it narrow central pure white line, nlwive wliicli tin* i>rotiiora(!ic-pi«'ees are velvety blaek; priniurie.s with thetMiMtal eendicular; the basal halt' line visible on the f;ray costar edj.'e ; the t. p. line roundly but not greatly exserted opposite the cell, followed by minute black and white points on the subterminal space; median Kpa(;e with a more ruddy brown tinge than the rest of the wing and like the thorax and tegulte; the faintly pale subterminal line is shaded with brown and the dark fringes are brown at basean.\C.y marked; the median space has a more evident reddidi brown cast and the secondaries are blackish. In the variety imularis the color is more evenly red brown, the collar not blaciv above but darker than the inferior portion which is tinged with yellowish, as is the costa. The ordinary spots are concolorous, outlined by the black filling of the cell, and a few yellowish scales: the secon- daries have a yellowish tint. All intermediate forms are found in both sexes, and I have no doubt of their identity. The genitalia of the male are alike in both forms ; they are peculiar in having the inferior angle of the harpes rounded and the clasper unusually long and strongly curved. In my own exi)erience the species varies in size from 35-37""", 1.40 1.48 inches, and it seems not uncommon in Calitornia, Vancouver, and liriiish Columbia. REVISION OK 81'KUIES OF TIIK liENUS AGUOTIS. 33 Rhyucbagrotis emarginata (irt. l-^C. Ort., Bull. ISiiff. Hoc. X. Sti., in, H-i .hjrolia. IfflS (Jrt , ISiill. Siirv., IV, 17 « .tjivti^. " 9 Keseinbliiij; insiiUtrin, but witbout psili* margin topriinarios; abdo- men Hattoned ; this ami tijo followinj^ species \/((vul(i\ witii iiisularimwo nearest to forma lis. Wiii;,'s narrower tlian in variHsima. Dark purple Itrowii. Collar suriiioiiiited by a narrow black line. Stij^niata concol- oroiis, sube«|nal, narrowly pale niar};ined. Lines black, {geminate, in- i (Jrt., before me. But Mr. (Jrote, who had au opportunity of knowing all of Dr. llarvey's types, and who, in- deed, obtained possession of most of them, places this species near to intrita and rava, and far from the species with which it is compared. This makes me doubtful whether the suspicion of identity with insu- /rtrjs is correct ; but since Dr. Harvey is usually very accurate I retain the species where he originally placed it. I have never seen a species marked carissima in collections, and the type is probably in Mr. Grote's collection in the British Museum. 23C45— Bull. 38 3 itfl II < IK" 111!' I H* > 34 BULLETIN ;is, rMTi;i> .SIATKS NATIONAL MUSEUM. Rhyiichagiotis biiiominalis 8iiiitU. lHri7. Siiiitli, Proc. U. S. X;it. Miis., x, l.'.l, Ayrotin. cx.urtisliijnia, t (lit. 187r>. (irt., Can. Kiit., vii, 'id, ./.'/nW/.t. 1867. Siiiitli, rroc. U. S. Nut. Miis., x, 461, pr. syu. Primaries red hrrtwii ; co.sta iind collar interiorly j'ellowish ; collar tii»i)e(l with black ; cell around tlio ordinary spots black. Transverse lines geminate; t. a. line not crossing costal pale space, else distinct; t. p. line j)unctitbrin, barely traceable ; s. t. line pale, interrupted, i)0\vdery. Ordinary si»ots pale-ringed, orbicular invaded by costal i)ale space; reniform slightly cinereous; claviform faintly outlined in pale. Abdo- men and secondaries smoky fuscous. Uarpes of 3 short and Jjroad, superiorly prolonged into a cylindrical linger-like process; iuferiorly into a short acute spur. The clasper consists of a single curved hook from the sui>erior portion of harpes. Ex{>ands 38"""; 1.5 inches. IlAiJiTAT.— California, ^Yashington. This is the cxscftistitjma of the Eil wards collection, and like one speci- men so labeled in Jir. Tepper's collection. The typical exsertiNtigma is, as Mr. Morrison described it, much like alternata in color and ap- pearance. The primaries are also more produced and have the outer margin more oblique, apex rectangular. The body is not deinessed. The harpes, as compared with for malts, dilfer in the produced inferior angle and the comparatixely shorter and less curved clasper. The species seems not rare. Rhynchagrotis observabilis Grt. 1875. Grt., Can. Ent., vii, II I .iiiri'tin. Ir^T^. Grt., Ii.ill. hiirv., i\', 171 .ttjrolh. 1887. .Smith, I'nm. U. S. Nat. Miis., x, Jni Agrotis. " 9 For(!i tibia- unarmed; middle and himl tibia' spinose. By the flat- tened abdomen allied to cupidissima. Fore wings darl; blackish brown, with tl.e terminal space paler, somewhat olivaceous. As in fXHvrtistiffmiu the orbicular is open, triangulate, broadly piile margined, fusing supe- riorly with a pule subcostal shade extending from the base of the wing above this spot. Unlike iwnertistiijma, the orbicular and reniform are black, the grouml color of the median si)ace about them being powdered with deep yellow. A black basal diish before the geminate, waved t. a. line; the latter intcrrui)ted by the subcostal shade, and with an inte- rior pale shading. Claviform moderate, pale-edged. T. p. geminate, the inner line scalloped, ihe outer even, inclosing a raiher broad pale space; the line is very slightly sinuate, not depressed opposite the cell. Subierminal line nearly straight, dark, with a very pale powder.y exte- rior shade. !Sul)terminal space darker shaded on costa, relieving the UliVISlON OF SriX'lKS OF THE GKM'S AGUOT18. 35 costal dots ilistiuctly. Teniiiual lino dentate. Hind win^jfs dark fiis- couo, witli palo interlined fringes. Beneath <]uite imle, faintly ruddy and subirrorate, with coninion exterior line fading towards internal margins and discal marks. Collar pale, edged behind with blaukj teguhe i)lackish." "Exininse, S;?'""." llAiJiTAr. — California (IJehrens, No. 370). Afterward, in the IJu'il. 8iirv., iv, 174, Mr. (Jrote says: "Collar with nijperhalf black; lower part reddish or ochery. Costal margin red- dish; varies by the presence of black on the cell and before the orbicu- lar, or its absence when these places are sometimes olivaceous or reddish. A bljick basal dash ; chiviform distinct. The collar is similar to /»/•• mails, but the color is ditferent, being fuscous, overlaid with reddish and olivaceous." This species 1 do not know at all. Mr. (J rote has labeled three dif- ferent species with this name, and neither one agrees with his descrip- tion. In Proc. U. S. National ]Museuin, x, 451, I place this species in the synoptic table witl; facula on the faith of a specimen labeled by Mr. Grote and marked type, I believe, in Mr. (Jraef's collection. JJut it does not at all agree with the description, which could not i»ossibly have been drawn from that specimen. I have therefore called it (lis- tracta, 1 shall expect to lind the type of this species the sair.e as Mr. Morri- son's cvscrtistigma. Rhynchagrotis facula (.ntto. IHTO. Grb., Bull. liiitl". Skc. Nut. Sci., in, H'i., Aijrotis. 187«. Cirt., Hull. Anvv. iv, 171, Aij'ulia. 18S7. Smitli, Proo. U. S. Nat. .Mas., x, VA, ttiiotis. " 9 Dark purple brown; a slight ashen cosiul shade invades the stig- mata. Kesembles formalis in color and ornanientatio!i. It ditVers by the black tilling in on the cell, by the absence of the bl.iok band and central white lino on the collar, which is concolorous Avith the dark brown thorax, and oidy shows a superior black edging. The geminato lilies occupy their usual position. The orbicular is open. There is an abdomiiv ' c«ri/ta. Ilind wings blackish fuscous. These species seem to leau l..to the cuplda group of the genus." To I\[r. (Irote's descrii>tion I would add that the ordinary spots are narrowly outlined with pale scales: t. a. line complete, oblique with ■ liree slight out-curves ; t. p. line punctiform, rather indistiiutt, evenly sinuate; s. t. line consisting of a series of pale yellow, iiowdery dots. Expands .'51-34"""; 1.25-1 .3.'i inches. IlAiUTAT. — California, lUitish Columbia. This species is easily recognized by the very uniform dark color, the plump, heavy body, tho rather short, robust i)rimaries and short abdo- •r .i» mM ' 3G Bl'LLKTIN m, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. men. The ^^enitnlia of S ayg lika thomi of obstrrtibilis. As Mr. Groto siijrjjests, tl.i« species closely resembles ./<»'HJrt7/.v exc«4>t for the coiicolor- ou.s collar; the bhick lilliiig in of the cell is not distinctive. Rhyiichagrotis distracta Siriitb, up. uov. ohKcrrahilh t Hunth. l5W7. Sii.itli, I'roc. U. S. Nat. Mas., x, \'>\. Clay yellow or {grayish, more or less i>owdere(t with blackish. Costa slijrhtly i)aler. S. t. si)aco strongly i)o\V(lere(l with bhuik, but not darker than the median space. Cell as nsual. black or dark tilled. Transverse lines geminate, black, complete, conrse as in the pre(!eding species. S. t. line pale, emphasized by a black costal patch and a slight preced- ing blackish shade. Secondaries fuscous. Collar concolorous. Expands 32-34""" ; l.!*8-1.3(i inches. Habitat. — Washington, Oregon, Califorjiia. Varies in the direction of a more even color, the black powderings less distinct, the cell not black though dusky. The species has a pe- culiar .sordid ap|>earance, and the dense blackish atoms with which it is powdered, add to this appearance. It is not unlike cxnertisif/ma in color and habitus though evidently distinct by the concolorous collar. This one is of the forms which was marked obfiervabilin by ]\Ir. (Jrote, and which 1 so referred as above cited. The hai'pesof tliemale have the superior process somewhat lengthened and somewhat clavate, and the inferior angle acute. The clasper is very short and rather thick. Rhynchagrotis discoidalis Grt. lc7G. Grt., Hull. Hiitr. Soc. Nat. Sci., iii, S'i, pi. 4, f. D, Jijrotis. '* 9 Fore tibia' unarmetl; appearing allied to ((tfcnta. Fuscous or wooil brown. The geminate lines as usual in this group. Cell black. Stigmata concolorous; orbicular elongate-ovate; reniform upright. Subtermiiial space the darkest. The general color is fuscous with a gray shade except on subterminal space. The distinctive character of this species is the black shading around the orbicular of the cell. There is a trace of the claviform. Hind wings pale fuscous with inter- lined fringes and the veins marked, lieneath paler with a faint line and di.scal mark." Expands 37"'"'; 1.5 inches. IlAniTAT. — Nevada. This is slightly darker, more grayish than distracta, with which Mr. Grote has also confused it. This ;^.p"ijies dillers in the more even color- ation, the less distinct transverse lines, the dark, uniform s. i. sj)0i;3, and in the tendency of the orbicular to close supeiiorly. Thi^' us- ^Uuructer is j)eculiar in tUi^ sectjoii, and while t-ln? spccifis uiiur.;;"ut^;dly REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGUOTIS. 37 belongs Lere, I should not he surprised to find a considoriible modifica- tion of the male genitalia when that sex is studied. LTntbrtnnately I had no male. Rhynchagrotis creniilata Sniitli. ich jMr. n roloi- sp'iC'S li^' 'W' ibtxidly 1887. Smith, Proc, U.S. Nat. MiiH.,x, 451, ,l;itoliit. Primfiries deep dark brown ; basal and s. t. space slightly paler, powdered with gray ; cost.al space paler reel brown ; ordinary spots powdered with gray; claviform outlined with pale yellow scales. Trans- verse lines distinct; t. a. lines geminate, included space pale; t. p. line crenulate, course as in the preceding species; s. t. line distinct, pjile yellowish, punctiform. Basal black dash distinct; cell black. Second- aries smoky fuscous. Ilarpes of 5 as in the preceding species; but the s^rojections at upper and inferior angles are longer, and there is an .(Iditional curved slender projection from upper margin. The clasper is lacking, but is replaced by a quadrate corneous plate. The additional projection of side piece probably serves the same purpose as the clasper of preceding species. Expands 35"""; 1.4 inches. Habitat. — California. This is the facnla of Mr. Neumoegen's collection, so named by Mr. (Jrote. The differences are so obvious, that there seems scariiely an excuse for the error. The difference in the S genitalia is very de(!ided also. In the latter character this species and cnn/Hsa agree closely, and they dhWn from all the preceding by the additional finger-like process of the iavpe.s and by lacking the corneous hook of the clasper, the jiitt"' ' .Ml' - represented by a sub(iuadrate, slightly projecting plate. K ni v^r above was first described I have seen niiuiy specimens and tlier^ i.-* (xtssibility that perhaps this species and the folIo\ving — con- fttm — nia.') ♦ • n out to be identical. I am not ready to say that it is so, but as the genitalia agree, and the difference is in maculation merely, there is a strong likelihood that it may be so. RhyncliHgrutis confusa .Smitli. 1887. I'nir. IT. S. Naf. Mils., x, I.VJ, .hjrotiH. crsrylixtidina I Grt. •MTf,. (}rt., Hiiil. HnlV. Soc. Nat. Sci., in, 7'.), PI. 1, C. 8. ii: . i'lred brown; costa and collar broadly pale yellow; cell before aiui between the ordinary spots black; ordinary spots concolorous, narrowly annulate with pale yellow; claviform outlined in same way. T. !i. line distinct, not (grossing costal pale sptice, but incurved to base; 1. 1>. line punctiform, imlistinct, geminate, included spa(!e iialer; s. t. line pale yellow, inirrow, powdery, emphasized by the somewhat darker I I Cf.il < »ti I „ I .*,' I »''< 38 BULLETIN 38, UNITKO STATES NATIONAL MUSKl'M. brown s. t. space. SccoiidariL's fiiscou.s ; S genitalia essentially as iu crenulata. Expands 37""" ; 1.5 inches. Habitat.— Wasliinston. This is the form labeled exaertiatigma by Mr. Grote in collection Graef and Neninoegen, atid Mr. Tepper alno had a specimen ainsociated with hinominalls under the same title. The superficial resemblance between binominalis and confufia in very close, but the species are undoubtedly distinct. The black collar of />jho?mjw^//.s is distinctive and the difter- ence in the genitalia is strongly marked. Four specimens of S and 9 from Messrs. Graef, Tepper, and Neumoegen examined. Rhynchagrotis costata Grt. IHTfi. Grt., Bull. Bill) 'J. Sci., iii, 80, Agrotia. " 9 Allied to the preceding [exuerthtUjmaconfHm niihi] but of a bright red brown. The costa brotadly pallid, as is the open orbicular. The t. p. line is, however, single, dark, finely lunulate. The veins are slightly indicated. The inconspicuous, linear, dark subterrainal, is near the margin. Collar with a black line. Thorax reromiuent anterior and distinct posterior tuft. The primaries are mod- erate in size, with produced ai)ices and oblique, slightly rounded outer margin; antenna of S simple, ciliate. Except of pros inn no S specimens of the species have been examined; the probabilities, how- ever, are that the genitalia will run to the same type, viz, elongate, membraneous harpes, more or less rounded at tip, and a motleiate, strong, cuived corneous cla8i)er. While agreeing in general habitus, the species difier very decidedly, ami are recognizable at a glance. Stdlaris and inHofnhUiH agree in the bright yellow or creaniy white reniform, dilfering hiier sc by the pale, gray color of priniaries and yel- idodly, wliito u\ yel- REVISrON OF SPECIKS OF TIIK GKXUS AGUOTIS. 39 low collar of tlio lormer, and the dark, blackish, brown primaries and black tipped collar of tlie latter, rrasina is well known, and differs t'ronj all the other species by its lar^e size and mossy green primaries, on which is a very prominent white patch Just beyond the reniform. In this species also the posterior tnfts exceed the anterior. The re- inaining species are abnormally marked. Apposifa is red brown, the median space is pale, with a yellowish cast, the onlinary spots being snbobsolete, while the balance of the primaries is deep brown with a l)owdering of black scales. Vcrnilis and infimatis differ i'rom all the others in the gray color, obsolescence of transverse lines, the strigose markings, and elongate, •oblong orbicnlar. They may be distinguished by the dark ground color, complete orbicnlar and concolorous ground color of costa of rcrnilis, and the paler color, open oibicular and whitish costa of injl- matis. In the former also the reniform is larger and usually palerth.au ground color; in the latter it is narrower, luinite, and darker than ground color. In tabular form the species separate as follows: Ordinary spots diacolnrona white or creamy yellow. Collar creamy yellow stkllaris. Collar pale, superior half lilack INNOTAIULIS. Ordinary spots when present not discoloroua, contrasting. Transverse lines distinct. Size larj^e; primaries mossy green, a largo T.hito patch heyond reniibrm, ordinary spots distinct I'UAsina. Size smaller; primaries dark brown, median space niiich paler; ordinary spots obsolete Arrosri'A. Transverse lines obsolete; orbicular elongate, narrow, obli(iue. Dark gray; reniform moderate, rather paler; annnlato with paler gray and black; secondaries dusky vekxilis. Paler; reniform narrow, lunate, dusky, not distinctly outlined; secondaries white INFIMATIS. I have not used the term Enrois for this genus, of which j)>Y(,s/Hft is perhaps to be considered the type, as snbseciuont authors have used the term for quite miscellaneous assemblages, and 1 prefer not to add another meaning to the term at present. Atlelphagrotis stellaris (irt. 18H0. Grt., Can. Ent., xii, lo^?, .UjrDtix. " 9 varies in color from blackish to reddish purply, nearly as bright as phyllophorn. Collar yellowish white, discolorous with head and thorax. Palpi with pale thii'd article. l\(>nitbrm kidney-shaped, yel- lowish white, discolorous. Orbicular rounded, somewhat irregular and slightly oblique, nearly concoloi'ous with the wing, a little shaded with yellowish, both spots annulate with dark. Lines single, blackish; half line indicated; t. a. line waved; t. p. line lunnlate, followed l)y a pale shade against which the darker veins and faint cloutly poiutlets of the If* «*; la,. ■I) tui I t si 40 BULLETIN 38, UNITED cJTATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. line contrast; s. t. line inaugurated by a tlilliise shade on costa, below which tlie line is exsertetl and followed by pale points. Hind wings pale, soiled, or fuscous shaded, with terminal line. Beneath with discal marks and common line." Expands 32-33"""; 1.28-132 inches. IIabitat. — Hevada, Washington. I have seen and examined the type specimens in the Graef collection ; both are females. The median space is slightly darker and the clavi- form is indicated by a few pale scales. I have seen no males, but I have no doubt that they will be found referalde to this group by antennal structure. The insect seems rare, and is an easily recognized one. Adelphagrotis innotabilis (/7/.s' (Can. Ent., 12, 154), but a larger series of specimens collected by Mr. Morrison in Washington Territory shows no nearer approach to my type of innofahilis from (California, In irnKhin!ito)iiensis tiie nuMlian space is shaded witli rich brown, the claviform is outlined, and several fine black lines cross Uie REVISION OP SPECIES OP THE GENUS AOKOTIS. 41 median space inferiorly. The orbicular is more oblique and is bright brown, not concolorons as in innotahilis ; it is somewhat hirger and squarer. The collar is bicolorous in both, and else the two species .are much alike." Mr. Grote's first impression was correct, and the two forms refer to the same species. In a series of specimens from California and Wash- ington examined by me all the characters are evanescent, and innoia- hilis shows the same cross lines in the median si>ace, though as it is darker, the lines are very feebly marked and readily overlooked. One of the Washington sjiecimens scarcely differs from typical innotabilis. I ''.ad no male available for the study of the genitalia. Adelphagrotis prasina Falir. 1787. Pabr., Mant. Ins. Ti, IfiH, \ocfua. 10.52. (ill., Noct., II, 75, Jplecla. 1874. Grt., Bull. Butr, Sop. N. Sci.. ii, lf.3, Eiirois. 1875. Speycr, Stett. Eiit. Zoit., ;?G, i:«), Aphcta. Timber brown, more or less densely covered with mossy green scales, which usually give the predominant color to the primaries. Hasal line black, followed by a white shade; t. a. line single, black, oblique, irreg- ular, preceded by a white shade. T. j). line strongly crenulate, ob- scured at the costal half by a large irregular white patch. At lower piirt inwardly oblique constricting the median space; followed by a row of black, and then a row of white venular points. S. t. line very irregular, pale green i)recede. (Jih, X. Am. Ent., i, W, Aijrotis. TTead, thorax, and primaries dark ash gray, veins marked with black- ish; transverse lines obsolete; a black basal dash, modilied into the elon- gate clavifonn ; orbicular slightly paler gray ; elongate oval, outlined in bliick; reniform moderate in size, kidney-shaped ; secondaries blackish; beneath, tlie usual lines and spots are nearly obsolete. Expanii> 37"'"'; 1.5 inches. Habitat. — Colorado, Xevada. Easily distinguished by the simplicity of its maculation ; a single 9 is in Mr. Neumoegen's collection and I have noi seen a <5 . Mr. Grote's original description isdilfuse and coJiiparative with albalis and other species which differ stru(;tually from the present; it is there- fore not reproduced here, the above being suflicieiit to distinguish it from .ill its associates. Adelphagrotis infimatis Grt. 1880, Grt., N. Am. Ent., i, m, A;/roU». Pale ash gray, costal space for half the distance to apex whitish, that color invading the elongate, narrow, open orbicular; a diffuse black basal dash, above sharply limited by the costal white space, medially extended to outline the narrow pale clavitbrm, and curving superiorly to form the lower boundary of the orbi(!nlar ; reniform narrow, darker, lunate; t. p. line indicated by a double series of veinilar dots, a diffuse, darker gray, longitudinal median shade, and a triangular darker paUdi at internal angle, the base of which rests on outer margin; abdomen and secondaries whitish ; beneath as usual, save that the extra discal line is unusually creinilate. REVISION OP SPKCIES OF TIIK GENUS AOROTIS. 43 Expands 37"""; l./ji iuclies. Habitat. — California, Washington. Easily distinguishod from tlio preceding with which only it is likely to ho confounded, by the chsimcters previously pointed out. The collar is Mack lined. Genus PLATAOROTIS Sinitli. Anterior tibia una /nied, front smooth, 6 antenuio simple, ciliate, ab- domen conic; thorax comparatively slight, vestiture rather long and somewhat divergent, no distinct tuftings; primaries: trigonate, ample, with moderately convex or nearly straight costal margin ; apex some- what produced or rectangular. The maculation in all the species is distinct, all the normal markings being present. The colors are various shades of gray to black, imperita only having a distinct brownish tint and a reddish shade over the rent- I'orm, which is characteristic ; the species are all of good size and rather easily distinguished, not only by the maculation but by the S genitalia which are different in each examined species. Spcciosa is largest and rather the slightest of the species, showing indeed so little of the typical Hfjrotid appearance that Mr. Morrison was excusable for not at once ncognizing the species .as belonging to this genus. The color is a d.ark somewhat smoky gray and the maculation is white; the $ genitalia consists of broad harpes rounded at tip and with an obtuse inferior pro- joction enveloping the lower branch of the bifid clasper; the clasper is stout and corneous, attached to the hfirpes, and with two very unequal branches; the inferior is short, thick, obtuse, straight; the superior is much longer, stout, and slightly curved. Presm is a smaller species miuih paler in color, comparatively less robust, the maculation dark; the liarpes of the male are rather long and broad, the tip evenly rounded, and .as in the preceding species furnished inwardlj' with a row of spin- ules ; the clasper is free from the harpes, but is very small ; interiorly tlie angle is rectangular, superiorly there is but a short linger-like pro- jection. TrnhaUs is a slightly larger form than prcHna, as pale in color, and distinguished by the large whitish ordinary spots and a yellowish- brown shade through s. t. space; of this species I have seen no $ , but probably the genitalia are much as in the following species. Imperita is easily distinguished from .all the others in the group by the brownish tint and reddish shade over the reniform ; the $ genitalia are peculiar in the shape of the harpes, which are heavier than usual aiul emarginato at tip, the upper finger of the emargination being decidedly the longest; the clasper is free, in general shape like speciom, but the branches are more equal, the inferior longer, and the superior shorter and less curved tlian in spcciosn. Sincera is an even pale gray form, somewhat irrorato with black, the transverse lines rather broad, very distinct ; s. t. lino preceded by sagittate black dashes ; the $ genit.alia are almost precjiaely like those of imperita. '.ml r ti: ' 44 BULLKTIN :J8, UNITED STATKS NATIONAL MUSKUM. The following table will aid in separating the species: Larypst. ; aj»i^x distinctly jJi-odnctMl; color, dark yray to hlackiMli ; traiisvi^rHt' liiicH, contrasting white si'Kciosa. Sniallc^r; i>riniaricH with a ycllowisli tint; transvcr.so inaoiilatioii, dark prkssa. Api'x of ])rirnarita, rectangular; wings, nioro abruptly widening at haso. Ordinary spots, whitish; s. t. space, yellowish brown; s. t. lino not preceded by Bagittato daslms TUAnAUs. Orbicular whitish, rcniform dusky ; even gray, linos very distinct; s. t. lino pre- ceded ' y black sagittate dashes sinckua. Orbicular sufl'uaed with reddish; s. t. space very narrow, gray impkuita. Platagrotis speciosa Ilbn. 1815. Ilubn., Lcp. Eur. Noct., 491, NorAna. IHU). Hubn., Ver/eichniss, '^18, Enrois. ISiVi. Gn., Sp. Gen. Noct., il, 80, Aplecla. Ir^tjti. Moe.schl., Wieu. Eut. Monatschr. viii, I'J'.I, AijroHH. 188;{. Moeschl., Stett. Eut. Zeit., 14, 117, .{(jrotis. pcrqnirila Morr. 1874. Morr. Proc. Bost. Roc. Nat. Hist., 17, 1:5(1, Polia. 1880. Grt., Bull. Bkln. Eut. Soc, iii, :{7, pr. syn. hiilefiana Grt. 1879. Grt., N. Am. Ent., i, 92, .'iyrotis. 1880. Grt. Can. Ent., xii, 185, per syn. 1880. Grt., Bull. Bkln.. Ent. Soc, iii, :\7, i»or syn. iiiijrta Wlk. 18.')G. Wlk., C. B. Mus. T.ep., ix. C,2, Acroni/eta. 188-2. Grt., 111. Essay, :«>, pr. .syn. var. AI5CTICA Zett. 18:!9. Zett., Ins. Lapl., 3:59. 18(14. Wlk., Stett. Eut. Z.it., 180, pr. var. Dark gray to blackish, soniowhat powdery. Transverse lines all dis- tinct, accompanied by a broad white shade. Basal line distinct; t. a. line outwardly oblique, irregular. T. p. line creiudate, nearlj' parallel with outer margin. S. t. line narrow, even, in pale specimens obsolete, marked by a row of variably sized black spots. Claviform small, con- colorous, outlined in black; orbicular large, rather oblique, oblong, whitish powdered with ground color; reniform moderate, coiicolorous annulate with white. Thorax mixed with considerable white. Second- aries dirty, somewhat yellowish gray. Beneath powdery with a dis- tinct irregular common line and discal lunule. The latter more dis- tinct on secondaries. Expanli(iue, black ringed, with pale center and an internal anuulus; the di.scal sjiace around the sjjot and before the reniform is more or less noticeably tilled in with black. Keniibrm also i)ale, with fainter internal ringlets, black ringed, wi'll sized. Tlie transverse lines are obsoletely geminate, tilled in with w liite and this tilling in rather strikes tiie eye and .seems to be char- acteristic. The claviform is large, its upper black edge apjtears as a black arcuate line below the median vein, its lower edge is indistinct. The subterminal line is more or less obviously preceded by black .shade dashes, usiuiUy determinate in pairs on subuiedian fold, between veiu.s4 and 0 and again subcostally ; a dentate black terminal line tletinesthe uneven margin of the wing; fringes gniy. Uind wings very pale, shaded with fuscous terminally, with an irregidar faint median fuscous lino aud black terminal linear edging; fringe's whitish. Beneath very pale, subirrorato aud shaded with fuscous, with a com- mon line aud discal marks. Palj)! with the terminal joint white, the second black on the sides. Head whitish; thorax mixed with black. Abdomen weak, untufted." Expands 34-30""".; 1.30-1.44: inches. Habitat. — Canada, Northern, Eastern and Western States. This species, though widely distributed, is not common, single speciuMMis only being received. The differences separating it from spcciom i- v u been already pointed out; the smaller size and paler color are the most obvious features. Platagrotis trabalis Grt. 1877. Grt., Cau. Eut., ix, 1U8, Ayrotia. "Whitish gray, with large stigmata and bright brown contrasting subterminal space. A basal black dash, a .second above it on the cell, l)ofore the orbicular, which latter is near the t. a. line, inaugurated above it on costa by two black lines rather wide apart, with white in- cluded space. Below the t. a. lino is twice waved to internal margin. Ba.sal space whitish; basal line indicated. Sub-basal space dark gray, I'" I Ml I! J*"" K »} Ui ,tii.: 4G lUJI.hKTlN :{S, IJNITKI) STATKS NATIONAL MUSKUM. btigmatii concolorous, ringed with black, very large. Ciavirorm in- cuiiiplete; orhicMilar a little 11atteiie. line narrow, geminate, regularly and slightly scallo}»ed, with a deei>er incision opjmsite the cell. Siihterminal .space rather wide, bright brown ; s, t. line faint, jmle; terminal .space rather narrow, dark gray. A dentate black, continuous terminal line. Hind wings pale gray, fu.scous, with pale fringes touched with blackish at extrem- ity of veins; a black terminal line. Beneath pale, powdereil with dark scales; an indistinct conwucn outer line; discal lunule tilUMl in and prominent on hindwings, empty on primaries. Alulomen pale; thorax gray, darker shaded on teguhe. Second jialpal joint outwanlly black. Front white inferiorly below a frontal black line. The collar has no transverse black line, but it> tipped with a darker shade.'' "A second sp'^dmeti • # » ]^r^^ ti^ v,ings more ob.scure, the brown subterminal improminent. In the type there is merely a black line inferiorly connecting the stigmata along the median vein. In the Can.idian specimen the orbicular and reniform are also connected supe- riorly with a black line. The lunate discal mark beneath on himl wings, distinct and largo; on the primaries empty in both specimens. The common exterior shade line ou the primaries is even, ou hind wiug^ irregular." Ex|)and8 39-42"""; 1.50-1.08 inches. Habitat. — Massachusetts, Canada, "Middle and Eastern States." Easily distingui.shed by the unusually large and pale ordinary spots. It seems rare, though I have received it a nnnd)er of times for identi- Ucation. Mr. Thaxter found the cocoon from which the type emerged nii'-er pine bark in April, when the larva had not yet become pupa. The oocoon was tough, noc unlike that of Ceruru. Larva dull white, with )lackish markings. Platagrotis sincera II. Sch. 1S81. II. Sell., Eur., Scliiiiott, II, AVi, Aijiolis. Kather even gray, somewhat irrorate with black. Median line very distinct, single. T. a. line with a single outward curve from s;osta to vein 1, and a small curve thence to hiud margin. T. p. line lunulate, out- wardly curved to vein 3, then inward to inner margin; the curves more distinct than in imbalis, its uear ally. S. t. line even, concolorous, marked by a row of preceding sagittate spots. A row of terniinal lu- uules. Claviform small, narrow, black uuirked. Orbicular large round, whitish, reniform rather narrow, dusky, touching the orbicular. Sec- ondaries pale fuscous, marked by a faint double exterior line. Be- neath powdery, a. distinct dusky transverse liue and discal lunule. Head and thorax concolorous. Expands 39" "" ; 1.5 inches. Habitat.— Labrador. M. REVISION OF Sl'KL'IK.S OI' THK GKM .S AGIiOTKS. 47 ivifui'iii iii- (•ratf ly ex- Kcallo]K*il, iu;e rather or narrow, lirid \vii!i;;.s at extrem- witli (lark t-• (iH M [• 1"' 48 liULLETIX ;{8, UNITED STATES NATIONAL tfUSliaM. 'Ill III III III ■II III nil Eueretagrotis sigmoides On. 1852. Gn., Sp. Oi ii. Noct., i, •.i-i'>, yottuii. I80G. Wlk., Cat. 15. Mum. Hct., x, 400, Uraphiphora. Ground color siuok^ browu ; costa to t. p. line, snul Jii)ex paler, yellow- isli. Cell before and between the ordinary spots, black ; a black bavsal dash. T. a. line outwardly oblique, dentate, geminate, black, included space yellowisb. T. p. line taintly geminate, lunulate, interrupted, slightly sinuate inwardly, with pale included shade. S. t. line pale, ir- regular; inwardly marked at ccata by a blackish patch. A row of black terminal lunate dots, oiaviform concolorous, evidently outlined in black. Ordinary spots concolorous, black ringed ; orbicular rounded, renifoi in kidney-shaped. Secondaries even, fuscous. Thorax, patagiic concolorous, lined with blackish ; collar rich dark brown ; disc of thorax pale, contrasting reddish ysllow. Abdomen yellowish gray. Beneath, powdery reddish fu.scous, primaries with disc daiker; both wings with a darker extra discal transverse line, and a large lunate discal spot. Expands 35-W""; l.lO-l.GO inches. Habitat. — New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Northern, Aliddle, and Eastern Staies, Canada. The species m not rare, and is readily known by, the prcninent tho- racic tufting, which is discolorous, yellowish. Im badly rubbed specimen.s tliere is sometimes doubt between this species and pcmttenla, but not when the specimens are in anything like decent condition. Eueretagrotis peratteiita Grt. 1671. Grt., Can. Eiii., vi, i:il, Aiji-otia. 163-J. Grt., 111. E.s.say, 51, pi. 1, i". 7, AijroHx. " Color of .^l. al'cntus, but brighter, rosy brown and moro like trian- ointed interiorly as in trianyidum. T. p. line with its juile center alone perceivable, denticulated, notched opposite the cell. The subtermnial space is not dillereniiated bj' any darker tint; the iiubterminal line is pale, preceded at costa by a very slightly darker brown shade, not always noticeable, and not at all like the determinate mark of triam/ulum. Male hind wings almost whitis'i ; female darker. Thorax and head like fore wings. lieneath the <>re wings are brown, with the exterior line indicated; hiiul wings with l)iown costal region, else pale, with faint discal spot and a double siibterminal line marked on the costal region." Expands 34-;JG ; l.y(J-l.45 inches. IlAUJTAT. — Canada, New York, Maine; Northern and Eastern United States. This is most nearly Ulm pcmttcnta, but lacks the black filling in of oi'll. The costal region is generally pale powdered, at least basally, and as a rule the species is lighter in color. No male has been under ex;r.uinati()n. I, !»« Genus AB AGROTIS Smitli. Anterior tibiie not s[)inose; antenna; of male with jomti marked, laterally furnished with bristly tufts; thorax with a distinct keel-like crest; front smooth ; wii;gs rather short and broad, subeipial, very iiiiich as in cupula ; palpi witli second Joint clavate, third joint minute, forming, with the frontal vestiture, a short snout. This gei\us is very distinctly characterized, and is a peculiarly inter- mediate or synthetic form. In wing form, palpal structure, and general liabitus t'lo resemblance to RhynchaMt is not depressed. li3G45— Bull. 38 4 50 BULLirriN ;?«, united states national museum. nut"' III III genital structure there is a resemblance to cupUla, which, combined with the habital resembhuico to c'/*2>/?74. Moit., I'r. Hiwt. Soc. N. II., 17, 17(i AijroHs. li?80. Grt., Can. Eiit., xii, 1S7, pr. syn. "Dark and deep red brown; the fore wings are brighter colored out- side of the t. j>. line, and at the base below tlie median vein. Tlie median transverse lines are hardly to beiuado out against the blackish red regi stig sjiIk staii iiidii is ai by t as ii line )IIU(^ neat discfi fore ^ as is Ex REVISION OF SPKC'IKS OV TIIH GHNIIS AGl.'OTIS. 53 llilVlllg 'fcrred 0(1 ont- red brown color of the wing; tlio t. j). lino is soeii to be single and regiiliirly interspaceally scalloped and accented on the nervnle. The stigmata contrast by their gray color ; the orbicular well sized, s]>herical ; the reniforni proportionate and inclosing a blackish inferior stain as in allied genera. Tlie subterminal line is quite distinct, being indicated by a line of powdery grayish scales like the stigmata. Tiiere is an extremely fine gray wavy terminal line before the margin, formed l)y the outer edging of the deeper tinted marginal line, which appears lis interspaceal points. Frinf,es light brown, cut by a fine darker hair- line (preceded by a pale line) without the middle. Hind wings pale, inu(!h soiled with fuscous and with the pale ruddy fringes. Be- neath fuscous, with a rufous tinge, both wings rather dark, with discal marks and a broad vague, common shade line. Thorax like fore wings; collar above with indistinct pale ee(;tinate. The juimaries also differ somewhat in form, and this affords a basis for subdivision. Tiie -^ genitalia are de- cidedly variable, in no two si)eeies e.\a<'tly alike. Fn.'u the other groups, with snutoth front and spinose (ore tibia, this group is dis- tinguished by the long hairy vestiture and the more or less ferruginous cohu'. Th(> genus I'acltxohia, as based on this grouj), is fairly well dis- tinguisluMl and sh(»uld be aciiorded geiu'iic rank. I^edeier says: Fore tibia, unarmed, head retracted, bombyciform, habitus of Td'iiirampa, witii a sharp crest behind collar. None of the species agree with this diagnosis, and whether the other species (excei)t varnca), wliiidi Lederer jilaces in the genus, agree: with it or not is unknown to inc. I retain iliefeiin, however, in the lioiie that it will prove available. The body is plump in snlicaniin and Dhikcnsis^ but only moderately stout in the Italance of the species. The majority of the species have the S iintenmi strongly biped iuate. SC9 « i; at < ', ... i I «ti'.l 54 BULLETIN 38, UNITKD STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. These species are a^aiu divided according to wing shape; most of them having the costa straight or somewhat convex, the apices not produced. Monochromatea is distinguished hj the even, parallel transverse lines, the ordinary spots wanting. The typo is a ^ , bnt in such condition that it is imi)ossible to get at the genitalia withoixt great risk of break- age. Manifesta is similar, but the transverse lines are not parallel, their course normal ; the ordinary spots present but as dark indefined ma cula. The $ genitalia almost i)recisely like the typical form in the murwnula group. Ferriiginoides is somewhat i)aler in color, the veins darker marked, the ordinary maculation neatly defined; the ordinary spots concolor- 0U8. The genitalia are distinctive. The harpes are semi-corneous ; the inferior m.argin thickened, tapering toward the tip, and terminating in a somewhat blunt point ; the clasper arises from this lower rim, is long, corneous, and curved. In the other species of the section the costa of primaries is depressed, somewhat more so just belbre apex, causing the latter to appear some- what drawn out. Salicarum, of which claviformis and oriUiana are synonyms is distin- guished by the very distinct velvety dark brown claviform. The S harpes are rather narrow, corneous, the tip abrupt and irregular. The clasper is a simple short corneous hook similar to that in manifesta. Olakcufiis dill'ers from the preceding by the lack of claviform and by the discolorous gray terminal space. The S genitalia are unknown to me. Carnea has serrate S antenna, thus diflering at once from all the preceding species. The cell is .always diirk, relieving the usually con- colorous ordinary spots ; tlic t. a. lino is ol)li(pio, even. Cinerea repre- sents a form of this species suffused wit1i gray, the transverse lines very distinct. Wockei, of which .scropulana is a synonym, differs from earuea in the form of the t. a. liiui whi(;h is very strongly dentate on costa and out wardly bent beneath internal vein. The $ antenna' are also entirely simple aiul ciliate merely. In the form of the genitalia they also differ. Carnea has no distinct clasper, but modified corneous haipes, curved, and at tip furcate, the tines unequal. Woekci has distinct broad harpes, and a clasi)er not unlike the side piecse of carnea, the fork longer. Alaaht; said by Mr. (Irote to resemble carnea, really belongs with his genus Agrotophila, and is an ally of n:ontana. It is a very distim t species, easily recognized by tlie yellow claviform which crosses the entire median space. I iuive seen but one specimen, but recognized it immediately. M. e; most of ipices not erse lines, condition of break- iillel, their ifined niii rm in tbo '.r marked, I concolor- leous; the linating in ni, is long, ilepressed, )ear some- s isdistin- I. The S iilar. The nifesta. *m and by iknown to 3m all the mally con- vea repre lines very •)ale, stetd gray, OKAKICN.SIS. Antenna d serrate. Cell black between ordinary spots; claviform moderate ; transverse lines usually indistinct caunka. Antenna ^ simple, ciliate. T. a. lino angulate or dentate on costa, outwardly bent beneath vein l..\vi)CMii, Pachiiobia monochromatea Morr. 1874. Morr. Proc. Host. Soc. N. IT., 17, IGn, Agroils. Ferrugineous, sprinkled with black utom.s. Transverse lines simple, broad, subequal, parallel, approximate, evenly curved outwardly. S. t. line and ordinary spots obsolete. Secondaries paler, reddish fuscous. Beneath paler with ferruginous scales, an incomplete couimon dark liiu'. Head and thorax concolorous. Expands 31"""; 1.25 inches. Habitat.— Massachusetts. A single $ , the type, examined. The insect is very easily recognized by the simple markings, and especially the parallel median lines. It must be rare, as I have never seen any other specimens and have heard of none taken. , Pachnobia manifesta Morr. 1870. Morr., Pr. Bost. Soc, N. II., 18, 110, Agroth. Eed to ferruginous brown, more or less irrorato with black scales ; the transverse lines single, dark, well deiined. '.Jasal lines distinct. T. a. lino $ upright, thrice waved between a\':..s, ratlier remote from base; ? much more even, oblique. T. p. Ii le neiirly parallel with outer mar- gin. S. t. lino forming the beginning of a slightly paler terminal shade ; its course sinuate. Claviform obsolete ; ordimiry spots dark indelinite ; orbicular punct'^orm ; reniform ovate or somewhat lunate. Seconda- ries fuscous. Beneath fuscoferruginous, powdery with a variably dis- tinct commou line. Head and thorax cone,olorous. Expands 31-34""" ; 1.25-1.35 inches. Uaiutat.— Long Island, New York. 6 It • If ..3||| UP I «i . I 56 BULLETIN P.8, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 0^ ■91111111 I mm The types, S Jiud 9 are before me. The ditterence between tlie sexes in tbe course and position of t. a. line is remarkable, so much so that did tbe same variation, in addition to the difference in ground color exist in individuals of the sanie sex, I should have little hesita- tion in declaring them specifically distinct. There is no other species, however, with which this could be easily confused, for none have the same combination of structural characters combined with the same gen- eral style of maculation. Mr. Morrison says the orbicular is sometimes absent, but the presence of the basal and course of the transverse lines ■will prevent its confusion with the preceding. Fachnobia ferniginoides Sinitb, sp. uov. Rather reddish yellow, hardly ferruginous, veins marked with darker brown. Transverse lines single ; t. a. line decidedly oblique outwardly, curved between veins; t. p. line very evenly curved throughout its course. S. t. line marked by a preceding darker shade, its course even, somewhat less oblique than outer margin. A distinct broad rather even transverse shade crosses the median space over reniform. Claviform faintly outlined. Ordinary spots distinctly outlined ; orbicu- lar large, slightly ovate concolorous; reniform narrow, kidney-shaped, somewhat darkened by the median sh.ade. Secondaries dark ; black- ish fuscous, fringes pale. Beneath powdered with rusty red, a varia- bly distinct common line and discal spot also ferruginous. Expands 33-35""" ; 1.30-1.40 int^hes. Habitat.— Montana, "Blacl^ 'Tills." In the S the maculation is less distinct than in the 9 . In the latter sex also there are some elongate scales intermixed in the thoracic vesti- ture, which are entirely wanting in the S . The species is very dis- tinct from anything heretofore described, and seems in some way to have missed description by me in 1887, when the form was llrst charac- terized ; how this hapi)ened I can not at present say, as I have no opi)Dr- tunity of again examining my type. onl.'i Tht incll ovei Out! t. p. renil vers Chul stril Bend and graj EJ H. Cann Oi toco most Fachnobia salicariim Wlk. 1857. Wlk., C. B. Mus. Itet., xi, 717, IJydmcia. 1882. Grt., 111., Essay, 42, Paehnohia. orUUatia Grt. 1875. Grt., C.-vn. Eiit., vii, l.')4, Piwhnobia, 187.''). Grt., Can. Eiit.., vii, 227, pi. 1, f. 8 = c/ac(/bmi«. 1882. Grt., 111. Es8!i.-, 42, pr. syu. clavij'ormia Morr. 1874. Morr., Pr. BoHt. So(!. N. II., 17, 1()2, igiofh. 187.''). Morr., Pr. Bost. Soc. N. II., V-i, 115, .///»v./m. 1880. Grt-., Bull. Bklii. Ent. Soc, ill, M =■- orilliana. 1882, Grt., 111. Essiiy, 42 = salicnnm. Prevailing color red or rust brown, ground color with a yellow tinge. Basal lino simple, flue. T. a. line obsoletely geminate, outer portion REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGROTIS. 57 I Latter vesti- inge. irtion only distinct, fine, distinctly uuirked on costa, its conrse evenly ooiiqne. The inferior outer portion of basal si)ace is darker. T. p. line geminate, included space of pale ground color; its course sinuate, widely bent over cell, evenly incurved beneath. S. t. line broad pale, very even. Outer portion of s. t. space shaded with i)ale ground color, else beyond t. p. line darker red brown. Orbicular round, moderate, concolorous; reniform normal, well sized, somewhat obscured by the broad trans- verse brown shade which occupies the outer third of median space. Claviform very distinct velvety deep brown, forming ut once the most striking characteristic of the species. Secondaries reddish fuscous. Beneath pale, strongly powdered with rust red; a common outer line and discal spot. Thorax concolorous. Ilead and collar dashed with gray. Expands SS-Sl'""'; 1.32-1.3G inches. Habitat. — Massachusetts, Maine, White Mountains, and northward; Canada; Uudson Bay territory. One of the most easily recognizable of the species. There is nothing to contlict with the remarkabh^ deep brown claviform, which forms the most salient feature of the maculation. Pachnobia okakensis Pack. 1867. Pack., Pr. Bost. Soc. N. II., 11, :]H, A,jrotis. 187.'!). Morr., PHycbe, i, 40, Aijrotis. Eather pale rust red; terminal space steel gray; from tiie basal space along the costa to t. p. line sprinkled with gray. Transverse lines single, brown; t. a. line interrupted, upright or slightly oblijue; t. p. line sinuate, distinct ; s. t. line marked by the contrasting gra> terminal space; twice outwardly dentate, then sinuate. OnUnary spotx large, irregular, completely pale ringed. Claviform wanting. Seirondaries brownish gray with a fuscous discal spot. Bctuiath powderetl reddish gray with discal spot on each wing. Exp.*nds34"""; 1.35 inches. Habitat. — Labrador, Mount Washington. The type is in the Peabody Museum at Salem, and is badly eaten. The head and prothorax are entirely gone, and the body is a mere shell. The wings were (June, 1884) still in g-jod condition. The insect is easily recognized by the gray terminal space and the irregular, pale ringed ordinary spots. The above descuiptiou was made from the type and I have never seen another specimen. Now in Cambridge at the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Pachnobia cariiea 'I'liiiul). 1788. TJmiib., Miis. Nut. Ac. Ups. Diss., 72, f. I. 18I(i. Iliibu., Vcrz., 21i-2, Diamia. iHu'i. Gii?«MfAoHs and conffrua, nro refer.able here, agreeing in general type of maculation, yet easily distinguishable by a large series of characters, the most obvious of which arc the bhuik tipped collar and black basal dash in plamjronn^ while in congrua the collar is red- dish tipped, and there is no basal dash. Setagrotis planifrons Smith. IS'JO. Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xvii, \'i, Agrotis. General color a bluish ash-gr.ay ; sides of palpi blackish ; collar black tipped; thorax immaculate. Primaries with a distinct vinous red shade through the lower half of the wing, less marked in the basal and terminal spaces. Basal line single, black, strongly dentate, run- ning to the basal dash. T. ,a. line single, broader on costa and internal margin, strongly dentate between veins, slightly oblique outwardly. T. p. line broad, distinct, crenulate, outwardly curved over reniform, and inwardly sinuate below, the curves very even and not strong. A broad, dilVuse mediaii shade crosses the reniform, then runs par.allel ■iun% JP ,''H t r ««! ■:mn ma 'W* tii" '■** <3' 'k « 6 MM M St at R .a I X f i m.: s 1 tirt I Ki: CO HULLETIN :!H, UMTKD RTATKS NATIONAL ML'SKUM. "' "II % aiv'l rather close to t. p. li'i^, «liirUtMiiiii!e not abbreviated, si)ine.s moderate. Front smootii, antenna' of i bipeittinateor len^'tiiilyscnate and bri.stU'd. Vestitnre moderately close, no distinct thoracic tnft ; primaries varia- ble in shape. In the form of the i genitalia iii>^ilon and (jtnivitlutd a;;ree ; hmUnodes ditfera very decidedly, while the iJ of vioUtris 1 have been unable to examine. The speciesof this group, agreeing as tlu'y ilo in structural characters, are yet totally dissimilar in general ai>pearance and in tin; details of ornamentation. The species are therefore easily recognized. liwlinodes is at oneo known by the brown color, and very even, pale transverse 1 i'S. The c(dlar is also deep brown. Theantenn;eof i are evenly bi- pectinate, the anterior tibia sparsely si>ined, and the accessory cell of primaries often open outwardly. 'J'he 6 harpes are broad, rather short, somewhat spoon-shaped, rounded outwaidly, with an acute tooth at middle of tip. The clasper is long, corneous, and curved. Violnris iti somewhat similar to the preceding in ornamentation, but the color is bluish gray, with outer half of median si)ace dark, reniform outlined in yellow. The primaries are narrower, but otherwise the habitus of the ins. Alt refers it here. I have not been able to examine the 6 genitalia. '')><;' ni is peculiar. The habitus would seem to refer it to SancUi and allies, I)ut the front is distinctly smooth. The species can be recog. nized by the dark ground color, pale s. t. si)ace, and a distinct saggitate lilack dash from middleof outer side of reniform, meeting or closely ap- l)roaching similar dashes, marking two strong dentations of the s. t. line. The anteunie of the S are lengthily pectinate on the upper side only, the l)ectination8 on the outer side being short, acute. The i genitalia are very close to those of the wj«>'rtt-/tio\vii; coll between stif^iiiata, iliirker .. .uadinodks. PriuiivrieH, narrower; color, bluish gray ; outer Lalf of median space, t'u.seous. VIOLA HIS. T. p. lino, (lark; irregular: Primaries, long aii3, Ayrutis. " S Coiicolorous, silky, blackish gray, with a sprinkling of pale scales. Antennae rather lengthily bii>ectinate. Head, collar, and thorax con- colorous, collar a little darker tipped ; palpi darker at the sides. Only the t\v<» Miedian lines visible; these are even, pale, the inner line obliqne, tiie outer somewhat bent, nearly straight, not intli'cted. A black spot on the cell against the inner line, and a second quadrate, larger at the middle. These spots follow and precede the orbicular, which with the reuiform is concolorous with the wing and ditticult to make out. The orbicular is V-shaped, open above; thereniform small, u[»right, medially constricted; both spots indistinctly pale ringed; a small spot on the line indicates the claviform. Median lim-s slightly marked with black on costa. Fringes concolorous. Hind wings black- ish, paler at base; fringes pale, interlined. Ik'neath both wings bhuikish, with pale irrorations; a common e.xtra medial shade line. Expanse 3-t""" ; Texas. " Compared to eoUaris and hadinodis ; but evidently very close to yen- ieulata, and possibly a suli'used form of that species. Southeru si)eci- mcus o( ycniculnta tend to become more evenly colored, and in a speci- luen before me the orbicular is distinctly V-shaped. Still the form de- scribed is very distinct from anything I have thus far seen. Agrotis qiiarta Grt. 18-*:5. Grt.. Hull. Geol. Surv. vi, '^58, A/jrotia. " 9 . Fore tibia unarmed ; rosy brown, resembling haja. Lines brown, l>adly marked ; t. p. line broken into dots; subterminal line subcon- tinuous, nearly straight. Orbicular round, nearly conc<)lorous, with a bright stain edging the fine incomplete annulus within. Keniform reddish orange, contrasting, upright, with incomplete b own annidus, shaded with ochrey. IJeneath paler, shaded with rosy, with discal marks and exterior irregular common I'liC. Collar blighter than the rosy brown head and thorax. Expause 10""". Sauzalito, California." Seems a good species allied to httdiuodix; but entirely unkn()wn to iiu'. It can not be referred to the Ixija group, nor, in fact, properly to tills, if, as stated, the fore tibia' are unarmed. No c? seems known, but probably the antenna will be found to be nectiiialed. The vestiture is not described and possibly the relationship may be more nearly with the mrnca group. The cohu* agrees with the spe(!ies of that grou|). It is inipossible to do iniuili with a des<;riptioii like the above until a specimen precisely fitting it conies to hand. 23(;45— Dull. ;{s — r> llii.U f T\ 11.1 1 H ir In mi' .JSS lUi ■Mew i!S ■MUM 'Ik **'§ III .^i l; M* 1! :,^t 1 ■ i».* , «l. : , «;i. 66 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ($1 Illiiit; Genus PERIDROMA lll>ii. (Joiniiioii to the species uniteil umler tliis term are the following characters: All the tibise spinose, tore tibiie rather heavily armed but scarcely abbreviated; front smooth; thoracic vestitiire consistinj{- of mixed scales and hair; antennae of male simple, or ciliate merely; primaries regularly widening outwardly, apex produced or rectangu lar, not rounded. Two groups are united under this term, separable as follows : Thorax with distiiictly divided anterior aud nostorior crcstH, primarieH quite evi- dently produced at apex Group saihia. Thoraeic tufts not divided, apex of primaries not so distinct (irouj) i.NCivis. Saucia may be considered the type of this genus, which contains a not too diverse assemblage of species, more particularly chara(;terized in the remarks under the group headings. The assemblage is related rather to the Old World species, but in the incivis group a closer ap- proach to the more pe(;uliarly western forms is noticeable. Group SAUCIA. This group is characterized by spinose fore tibia, smooth front, simple or merely ciliate male antenna' and distinctly crested thorax. The crest is usually distinct, extending the full length of thorax, and evidently divided; rather more jirominently so anteriorly. The primaries are moderately large, the apices acute, somewhat extended, outer margin oblicjue. Except rndens aiul peUucidalis, the species are well sized and have a robust a[)pearance peculiarly their own. The nornnil noctuidons markings are traceable in all species, but often the transverse lines are more or less indefinite or indistinct. The 6 genitalia vnvy greatly, and agree only in that the clasper is single, simple, and curved. The harpes are very ditterent in shape, but afford no bases for grouping the species. The species are not difficult to distinguish. Oceultd, pm'fi.ra, asfricta, and (fyandipoinis are large species, with the thoracic tufting least marked. Tlu' three first named had been j)laced in the genus IJitrois, but 1 fail to dis(!over any character which allies these species with jnrsNa and prasina, save the size and a general agreement in wing form. OcvuUa is easily distinguished by its large size, the ashy gray pri- maries, and blackish secondaries. At first glance it is not unlike Acroni/i'ta in appearance, but the resemblance is 8uperli<;ial merely. The genitalia of the 3 are characteristic. The clasper is long, curved, corneous, nearly as long as the liari)e, dilated at the base, ami slightly so toward the tip. The harpes are long, semi corneous, the tip straightly cut, the upper angle only slightly prominent. Pnvfiva is smaller, but resembles turuUa in the color and general macnlation of the i)rimiiries. The secrondaries are, however, pale fuscous, inste-id of black. A single $ only has come under my notice, Antricta is nearly, following rmod but sistiiiji' of merely ; rectangii separiible I ([iiito cvi- lip JSAUCIA. IIJI J NCI VIS. ;oiitains a I'aeteii/A'd is relatetl closer ap- nt, simple The crest evidently laries are iv marfi'in si/AHl and (ctuidous lines are greatly, ed. The nping the astricta, UiX least IJitrois, 'ies with ng form, {•lay pri- l nnlike merely. , curved, I slightly the tip rajixa is lation of nste'id of s nearly. IS RKVISION OF SPECIES OF TlIK GENUS ACiliOTIS. 67 if not quite, equal in .size to occulta, and with practi(!ally the same markings; the ground color of the primaries, however, is red brown, and the secondaries are fuscous brown. The (7/«c'/y darkfr atoms, all maculation obsenro sai'cia. C(dor creamy or purplish k'-'.v. Primaries with a black liasal dash and a Muck connectinfj lino lictwccn flic or- dimiry spot.s niKi'.Ns. Primaries without basal d.ish or conuoctin-: liiui I'KI.i.i'iikai.i.s. i|;ii :»" , 'Ml- W*J»| 111 111 III ..USi «l ' 68 HULLETIN :i«, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM, 'I Peridroma occulta Liiiii. 17(17. liimi., Sv.st. Nat., iv, r>l4, yoctiia. If^U). lliiltii., V'crzciclmi.ss, til.S, I'Juroin. IH.VJ. (iiuMi., Noct., II, 7(i, .Iphcla. 1S7J. (Jit., Ciii:. Eiit., VI, i:i, 70, JCnrois. 187(i. SiiojiT, Stctt Eut. Zuit., x.\x\ i, JiOl, Jj>/tcto. CI round color rather dark asli gr.ay; irrorate with smoky brown; inac- ulation smoky to bhick. Transverse linos moderately distinct, faintly {ieminate, basal line scarcely evident, a sli}>litly darker indetinite basal shade. T. a. line lunulate, moderately even, outer line most ilistinct. T. p. line outwardly bent over cell, thence obli(iuely inward lo hind mary;in. Inner line lunulate, almost crenulate, outer line even absorbed by a dusky shade reaching half way to the s. t. line. S. t. line slightly sinuate, well-deHned by a series of rather large, black sagittate spots. A row of black terminal dots. Through the median si>ace is an indeti- nite dark shade, most evident between the ordinary spots on claviform. Claviform outlined; moderate in size; or/linary spots large, concolor- ous or paler; orbicular rounded, incompletely closed above; reniform kidney shaped. Secondaries blackish, fringes clear white. Benejith, uniform smoky gray. II^.ul and thora.v like primaries; abdomen darker, smoky. Expands 50-53"""; 2-2.12 inches. IlAiUTAT. — Northern and Eastern States, Canada. Easily distinguished by its large sv-e and pale color. It seems not uncommon, though never taken in large numbers. ImpHcata Lef. (Ann. Soc, Eut. Fr. V, ',i\)i i)l. 10 f. 4, lUuieim) cited as synonynu)us or va- rietal to this species 1 consider distinct, though nearly allied. As I can not lind authentic record of the species as American, it is hero omitted. Peridroma praefixa Morr, 1^7."^!. Morr., Vi\w. llo.st. Soo. N. II., xviil, 117, Jyroiia. Ash gray, niaculation smoky or black, sonu'what sjuirsely irrorate ■witli blackish. ISasal line ilistinct, geminate; a small, dark, basal patch, T. a. line sinuate; evenly obli(|ue outwardly. T. ]). line dis- tinctly geminate only at inception, crenulate, lu-arly parallel in course with ouU'r margin. S. t. line pile, relieved by the distinct smoky s. t. shade and by a more indefinite outer shade not reaching either margin. A lunate dark terminal line. A faint, rather narrow, median shade; space between ordinary sjwts, dusky. Claviform very distinctly and broadly outlined; ordinary spots, large, concolorous, or i)aler. Orbic- ular, rather oblique, oblong, ojjen above; reniform upright, kidney shaped but rather narrow, and with an unusually straight inner line. Secondaries rather pale, fuscous, darker outwardly, lieneath gray, irror'.te, with fuscous brown; primaries, with somewhat i)aler terminal shade; secondaries, with darker extra discal shade and discal lunule. REVISION or Sl'KCIES OP THE GENUS AGUOTIS. no owii;iiiiic- ct, liiiiitly iiite biiisiil : distinct. .1 lo liiiul absorbed e slightly ate spots, nn indeti- ijlaviform. concolor- reiiiforiii Beneath, abdomen eenis not ef. (Ann. us or va- As I can omitted. irrorate (, basal line dis- in course iioky s. t. r margin. II shade ; ictly and Orbic- , kidney iner line. »th gray, terminal lunule. Expands 42""" ; 1.68 iuches. Habitat. — Kocky Mountains. Very readily distniguished from the preceding, not only by the size and the color of secondaries, but by the broad, dark, inward shading to the s. t. line, which is characteristic of this speands 45-52""", 1.S0-2.0S inches. f I ATMT AT. —New Mexico. I have seen but a single $ , from Mr. Neumoegen's collection, and could not make out tln^ genital structure without risk to the specimen. I thiiiis they will be found to resemble those of occulta (piite strongly. The species seems rare, and rather local. uM '^\ !•:' 13 jyniiip 1 in Ittl -< Hi Ml'.. r m .mmm 1- IE tf 1 ■ .%t K« a:. 70 BULLETIN a«, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Peridroma saucia Hubii. ISlf). Ilhii., Saminl Eur. Sclmirtt, Noct., :{7."i, Noctna. li^UI. 111)11., Vi'izcicliiiiisH, 'J'27, I'cridroma. 1-^.V2. (ill., Noct., I, "JTl, Agroth. Kit;. Wlk., C. 1$. Mils. Li'i)., x, :U1, AfU'otis. 1>7:!. (Jit., Hull. Bull'. Soc. N. Sci., i, i:?.'), Af/tolis. IHU'A. 8iiuii(lcr.s, Fruit Insects, l(l(i, iip. lOO-lO:?, Ar/iotia. incrmin IlarriN. lf^4l. llarri,s. Kept. Iiis. Mass., Afiroiii, If^A'i. Harris, Injur. Ins., ;52;i, Atjrotis. IHIi'.l. Kilcy, 1st Rr'pt. Ins. Mo., 7ti, pi. I, ff. 1-1, AyroHa. Ifi7',). I'ackanl, Our Coiiiiiioii Iiih., I'Ji), p, ^40, Agrotin. l^Ti. Grt., Bull. Bull'. Snc. N. Sci.,i, 1:15, pr. syn. 1.-70. Riley, Hth Rcpt. Ins. M(>.,:!7, pi». 24, ^'t, AgrotiH. l^Hl. Kilcy, Index A Siippl. to Mo. Report, Tifi, pr. syn. ortotiii I'ack. iSiiO. I'ack, 1st R<3pt. Peab. Ac. Sci., <;:$, Argoth. l^l\. Mori., I'roc. Bost. Soe. N. II., 17, 21(1, pr. syn. Var iiKirgaritosa Haw. 1810. Ha\v.,Lei>i(l. Britt, ir.7. 1H;>2. (iiion., Noct., i,271, pr. syn. YcUowi.sh fuscous to i)uri)lisli brown, more or less irrorate orsutt'uscd witli black, the maciilatioii ol'U'ii entirely obscured. T. a. line gemi- nate, lunate, upri^^lit. T. i). line single, crenulate, often only punctate, soMietinies ob.solete, rarely very distinct; evenly curved over the cell. S. t. line indefinite, marked only by the somewhat darker shade of terminal space; a row of lunate terminal spots. Onlinary si)ots large, (!oncolorous; orbicular round or oval ; reiiiform short and rather broad; daviform short, faintly outlined; secondaries iridescent whitish, outwardly smoky, veins marked. Beneath po^vdery, some- what iridescent, with a com:non dark outer line or shade. E.v.pands 40-5(1""', l.()0-2.(K) inches. IlAiUTAT. — North and South America, Euro[te, Asia. This is one of those obscure forms so dillicult to describe, the orna- mentation consisting of shadings rather than markings, and scarcely two specimens appearing entirely alike. It is, however, so dillerent from all the species associated with it that there is no danger of inis' taking it for other than itself. The term mnrfinriiosn applies to the nearly uniformly luteous speci- mens, rare in the United States, while I hfive somewhere named a very early white with a narrow, dfirk terminal line. Ueneath, i)early white ; primaries powdered with black, as is the anterior margin of secondaries. Head and inferioi' half of (iollar creamy yeUow. Thorax and collar dark, somewhat pur[)lish gray. Expan«ls31-;?3"""; 1.25-1..32 inches. Habitat. — Texas. Apparently a common species in Texas, and very readily recognized by the pale colors and the neat, contrasting black macnlation. Agrotis pellucid alls Grt. I81SII. (irt. Hull. (Jfol. Siirv., vi, 'y(\7, At/roliii. ni(Uiin i IIju'v. 1^7.'). llaivcy, IJiill. liiitr. Soc. N. Sc, iir, .'">, .If/rotin. Very like rudctis in color and general maculation, but lacking entirely the black basal dash and the connecting line between the ordinary spots. The geminate transverse lines are traceable, the t. j). usually piinctifoiin, and the claviform spot is faintly outlined. In other re- sperimaries are rather small, smoothly scaled, with a more or less evident satiny lustre, the apex always distinct. The harpes of the ;a. Ordinary spots usually diMtinct and laryo i NCI Vis. Priniarii's whitisli, irrorate with roddisli, roiiiforin iiidi^linitc, black tknuksckns. Pr<"iaries svliiti.sli, inon! or It'ss irroratt' with black scales. Collar concolorou.s, inudiaii vein rtditivud by tlark .scalos, terminal space darker, SIMIM.AUIA. Collar with !i distinct black lino ; ])riniaries less irrorate with black digna. Peridroma incivis (!n. 18r)2. Gnen.,Noct., i, "i/J, Aiirolin. ia'>(). Wlk., ('. 1$. Mils., Lep., X, XU, Af/i-nlii. 1874. (irt., Hull. IJuli'. Soc. N. Sc, ii, :iO:i, AiiioUh. 1874. Morr., Proe. Host. Hoc. N. It., XVII, Uil, .Ijirolin. 1880. French Can., l-^nt., xii, 14 (larva sub. noin. hihrivaiiH.) 188i. I'VeuchCan., Knt., xiv, 2t(l, Agroth. alahamw (Srt. 1874. (irt., Hull. Hiiff. Soc. N. Sc, l.TO, Aiiicla. 187.^ Ort., Can. Kiit. vii, 102. hi/icta Ochs. 1816. Ochs., Nachlr., iiwj)liciiis). 1875. Morr., L'roo. Host. 80c,. N. 11., xvil, "JID. .Iniolin {xiinphiria). 187;'). Ilfirv., Hull. Hiiir. Soc. N. .Sc, in, ">, AijrottH (ximpHciii). 1880. (Jrt., Hull. (i<'ol. Siirv., vi, KH, .li/rolis. Palo ash gray. Primaries sparsely sprinkled with black scales; ter minal space darker, blacki.sh, sometimes concolorons. Tiansverse lines obsolete; in dark specimens the s. t. line is traceable through the dark terminal portion, (/laviform usually oiitlinetl by blac-k scales. ^ledian vein marked with black scales, lleniform blackish, iudetinite, some- times formed by two superimi)o,sed black spots. Secondaries snowy white, a few dusky scales along anterior nnirgin. IJeneath, primaries gray, inner margin paler; secondaries as above. Expands 2S-;{1"'"'; l.lli-l.'Jo inches. Hahitat. — Texas. lleadily recognized by the general habitus, and seems not uncommon in Texas. Peridroma digna Morr. lS7i}. Morr., Proc. Host. Soc. N. H , xviii, ll.">. .ti/roliH. ni;iroritlatn (irt. 187.'). Grt., Hull. Hiiir. Soc. Nat. S(!., in, 77, .(urolh. White; i)rimaries irrorate with a few black scales, sometimes form- ing a slightly darker terminal field. Clavilbrm sometinu\s faintly indi- cated, but usually entirely wanting, lleniform usually consisting of .11 jej ■n m^S t' H I i; .1 •E 1 CI ^^i^^H ^^l!««M^ 74 miLLKTIN 3H, IJNITKD STATKS NATIONAL MUSKUM. two black ilots. Collar, Iowjt half l)la(;k, «'ls(i wliitf. St'coiidarics snowy wiiitc. Jii'iicatli dear wliito, irrorate with a few jjniy .scales. Eipaii'ls ;51-.'U"""; 1.25-1.32 inches. IlAinrAT.— Texas. Close to simplaria, hnt evidently distinct by the Idack lined collar, and tlie nioi-e «'ven pale <'olor. I have seen Mr. Morrison's tyi>e, and typical sjH'cinu ns of Mr. (rrote's species, and despite Mr. (Irote's state- ment that "this can not be ]\Ir. Morrison'.s (Jhjna,^'' the two species are nn(iuestionai)ly identical. Mr. Morri.son's type was a fnlly marked but somewhat faded spe<;imen, while Mr. (Jrote's material was fresh, bnt as a whole; more lijilitly marked. (iemi.s NOCTUA Linn list ■ «., it In nsinj; the term Nochm for the present a.ssenddage of .specie.s, I am j,niided by Cuenee's selection, rather than by the resnitof personal investif^atioiL Linne's original genus has been so subdivided that the very term Xoctua has been left without a meaning, at least I am not aware that it is now used in a generic .sen.se for any series of s|)ecies. To sonu; .series the term must be applied, and as the breaking up of the AfirotvH ottered the opportunity, I follow M. Guenee in .sele(rting a .series here as tyi)ical. Two Liniiiean Xocfiui are in the yormaiiiana group, while the I'iUropean representatives of the same type have .several others. As compared with the preceding, Nocfita has si)inose fore tibin-; the armature not very heavy ; the front is smooth. Hat ; *he antenna' in the niiiie simi»ly rimaries with apices rectangular or rounded ; the wings rather broad or .subparallel, narrow. It is allied to J'crith'omd in most of these (jharacters, ditlering in the wing form, as shown in the table. Two series or group.s, based upon the dilference in structure of palpi and in general style of nuiculation. (Iroup Xoymnniana has the .second Joint of the pali)i (Havate at tip, and the onlinaiy transverse maculation and spots ot or ])atch. The division so distinguished is subdivided ac(;ording to the shape (tf primaiies. These are in thehrst instjiuce obtuse, rounded at tii>; in the second, the apex is at least rectangidar and usually .soniewhat i)ro- duced. In the first subgroup the species are: Jiaja, wiiich is well known and common to Europe and tho United States. In cohu' it varies from luteous to bright red brown. Charac- teristic are the very distinct black spots initiating the s. t. line, and forming the oidy coutra.-t to the otherwise nearly uniform coloration. The S genitalia are distinctive. The harpes aie long and broad, apparently fornuMl by the Junction of ' /o pieces longitudinally. The superior portion of this combined [tieco is longer, separately rounded at tip. The inferior jmrtion, also rounded at tip, is excavated or cmargi- nate at the side, the margin scunewhat irregular: at the line of junction of these pieces and not far from tip, is a long, curved, acute, corneous hook. At the base of the harpes is a semi ovate raised corneous rim, from the wpper margin o which |>roceed.s a sliort, somewhat circular projection. yoruHiniinvi is narrower winged, paler, yellowish gray in color, the ordinary si)ots small, the cell between bhuik, thus at once distinguished by its color; it is also distinct by the bristled antenna of S , above de- scribed. The genitalia are alsodistiu(!tive. The harpes are long, mod- erately wide, obli(|ue at tip, from the lower nuirgin i)rqiecting a long finger, corneous in consistency. Just behind tiiis linger the side piece becomes suddenly broa/mr»efl, but the harpe narrows more toward tip where it forms a snuki! i;ale and very even ; cell between the spots black. The ^ genitalia are distinctive. Tl'e liarpes are corneous, narrowed to tip, where they are furnished witi. . short spni projecting re. line ii'rej;ular: orliiciilnr small, pale, nnmd I'iivi.i.oimioua. • « It 78 jn'LLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAli MUSEUM. Size siiiiilloi'; ciiIdi' diirkcr, .sordid; t. |i. linn vciy I'Vt'ii, ri'j;i;hii': ()rl)i<'nlai' lar;;!', coneoioioiis, irrcj^fiihir. coiiiplotc uriuKKifA. C»li>r liiijflit. iiion: ycUnw ; t. ]>. lino iri'oj;iiiar ; orbicular obloiij;, obliiiiic, t)\n-ii siiin'riorly oui.ata. Color fvcii, yellowish brown, vcin.s darker, ordinary sjiots coniplct*' ; .size .•small. \vin^.>< narrower liosvKiA. Color sorilid j^ray i lines and spot.s faintly marked; vestitiire nnuHnally liairy, HAVA. Color blacki.sli ; ordinary spot.s yellowish, eoutrastinu ; internal marf^in in the ^ jiale : primaries narrow, el (initiate ri:.\Ni<;A. Color bright carmine or lake to red bKMvn; eosta pale, wliiiisli: oKJiii.iry spots small, ;inniilate with white; a da.sh from base tlni>ii;j,li discal eell Idacdc ; >i/e small i'i.r.i:rA. Collar dark piMplish black; lines very even pale,; cell between oi'dinai'y spots black COLLAlU.s. Noctua baja. Fabr. 17-7. r.ibr., Mant. Ins.. ii, 17.'), XocIiki. 17".ll. Oliv., f.iic. Metli., \ 111, IM"), ys :ill ovidont, little darker tliiiii .uiuimd color. Tlio costal spot.s at imreptioii of s. t. line only, black or Ulacki.sh. Trati.sverse lines seininiite. J>a.s;il liail'liiu' di.stinct. T. a. line, sli.ulitly and eveidy conve.\ outwardly. T. p. line very even, .'^innati', curve over cell very slight. The outer line i.s marked witii darker venular dot.s. »S. t line narro v. li.stiiKtt, very even, i>arallel to outer inar<^in. Ordinary ;pot.s larse, coMcoIorou.s delineil by a narrow ]mle annulu.s and the Nli;. htly darker tilli'isj; o^' cell. Heiiilbrni slightly constricted at inidd!(\ inleiiorly shiMu'd with blackish. (Jlavilbrin very short, illy and usually incompletely «io(in':d. HecoiMlaries I'roni pah' luteous to d;irk i^UMiky fuscous, ileneath, jiowdered with reddish; a common dark extradiscial line and lunate (liscal spot. Thorax and head coneolorous with primaries; ;ibd()nien with secondaries. Expands ;}(i-K» ; 1.11-1. (lO inches. IIaijitat. — Kuroi)e and United States. A wide-winj-ed species with rather lonji' and very sli;^litly waved fiiiifres. Easily distin,i[,niished by the icddisii color iuid th<^ i)rominent costal spot.s at iiK-eption of s. 1. line ; the.se are usually, bhutk and in the <;reiit majority of specimens the darkest part of the wiitji'. A very remarkal>le amount of variation is found in this sjtecie.s. I.ederer says the anteri(»r tibia' are !iot spiuo.se. in alli he Atnerican .specimens exiimined spines are distinctly present, thougli insomecasew well liidtlen by the vestiture. I have been unable to examine lOuropean ...JTa liEVISION OF SPKCIES OF THE GENUS AGiiOTIS. 79 speciiiHMiK, so r ciiii not be certain whether we have not here as in the case of triaitf/nlum and nornumiana, distinct species. On ti»e wliohi, I am inclined to believe Lederer in error, because many specimens cas- ually examined with a lens merely, aj)pear unarmed. As to the amount of variation, tiiat of ground color is remarkable; eastern material is luore or less irrorate with red. Western specimens teud to become much more evenly colored, the color a shade of luteous. The prima- ries are narrower, more equal, and the secondaries have the IVinyes longer; the ])ali)i are hehl like those of the cupula group, and were it not for the fact thatsuflicient material is at hand to prove the identity of tlu^ eastern and western forms, 1 migiit have i>la('ed some of the latter iiito the ciipidd group with a new name, overlooking the inconspic- uous si>inulation of the fore tibia. A specimen from ti>e Rocky Mount- ains, received from Mr. Moescihler, would be abnost infallibly placed in the cvpintinents, speaks of tiiis variability, but comes to tiie conclusion that i;"> are s])('citicallj' ich'utical. However, he says also that the anterior tibiae of si)ecimens from both continents are unarmed. The species is not rare, but is usually nu)re (Mimmon northwardly. Atro2)os belladonna has been recorded as ,i food plaut of the species. Noctua normaniana CUt. lH7t. Grt., 'I'r.'iiis. Am. Eiit. (Soc, v, d'J, Jjrotia. 1 1 ill inj II I II lit t AiK't. ISM. (ill., Nuct., I. :i:!l, Xortiiii. IHoCt. Wlk.,('. 15. Mils. Lt'p.. x, :!".M», (.m^ihiphora. 1S(W. Hctli., ('mm. Eiit., I, -'11, driiiiliijilioni. lf<74. tilt., Trans. Am. Eiit. Sue, v, t*'J, [ir. Myii. ohtiim SiM'.VBi'. lS7r«. .SpcyiM', Stett. I'>iii. Zt'it., XXXVI, I'Jl, Aiji-oHd. Yellowish gray with ii nu)re or less evident rosy tint. Cell, except ordinary spots, bliUik, costal spot iit inception of :s. t. lini'. also black, very distinct. Alacudation else fuscous. iJasal liiu! e\ ident, t. a. line gemiiiiite, outwiirdly obliipie, but little sinuate ; t. p, line geuiinate, very even, upright, incurved only over cell; the inner line rather narrow, somewhat Innate; outer wider and v»'ry even ; a row of venular dots just beyond outer line. S. t. line paler, well luaiked, sinuate, preceded by a brown shade and a few small black dots. An even somewhat dillused dusky shade crosses the median space. (JIavitbrm faintly in- dicated. Ordinary spots concolorons, seldoiu entirt^ly complete ; orbicu- lar irregularly oval, obliipie, oi»eu superiorly. Keniform narrow, lunate usually incomph^te interiorly. Secondaries smoky fuscous, lieneath powdered with blackish, a marked lommon line and discal lunule. Head and thorax i;oncolorous with priaiaries. in -)-;5U"""; 1,10-1.50 inclics. UabitA'J". — Nortlieni and oasttrn UnittMl States, Canada. This species lias been very {ieneraily confounded wiih the European trianf/Hlum, from which it is nevertheless perfe<'tly distinct. Mr, Clrote in describing;' the species, Dr. Speyer in describing obtusa, and after- ward Dr. Zeller i)ointed out the ditlerences in ornanRMitation, which, however, are not greater than the variation observed in allied spelor- ous, and, as in Normanimni, set in a black sitot. The orbicular nearly touches the reiiiforni inl'eiioiiy, leaving a blackish brown V"''''P*'"l space between the stigmata. The H(ini(iiut. Hind wings ]»ale fuscous, with the fringes and outer edge colored like primaries. Head a little [laler than thorax, with the pali»i darker at the sides. Abdomen, at the sidew and beneath, tinged with rosy b!'o\vn. Wings beneath tinged with ruddy, especially on th(^ margins and outside of the extra mesial fuscous line. Discal marks indi.'aied." Expanse .U""". IlAHiTAT — WaRhingt«tti. (Collected by II. K. Morrison. Evidently allied to Xorm'tniioin, but smaller and of a somewhat d'tf'erent color. 1 have nothiui'' that 1 could refer to this species in at)y of thv^ eolle<'tions stutlied bv me. I [ ill-(U ordii (Jell twict para reiiui REVISION OF Sl'l'CIlvS OF TKE GENUS AGKOTIS. 81 )ii(H>Ior- iieaiiy >li(liie, IJonl- a, liiM^ T. llowi'd iirvi'd 1 1 tlie r than -i and niddy, IS lint*. icwliat in any Noctua bicarnea (in. lHr>3. Gti., Sp. (Jen. Noct., i, :i'i>, Xoctii,).. isnc. Wlk., C. I!. Mils., \, KIU, (1 ntiiliiiilnira. 188l». liiitler, Trans. Eiit.So.-., I.oml., IHs;), IN:;, .1 ,„,ilhr>i. plagiula Wlk. tWu \Vlk.,<:'. IS, MiiH,, Lcp. Hot. vxxii,.(;()l, Miimifiha. lS8\i. (Jrt.,lil., E.sHjty U.jir, syn, i-8lJ. iJutl.,Tiaiis. Ent.8oc.,L<>ii{in<'t; t. a. liiu'. twico ontwardly cnrvod, obliipu-, t. j). lin(^ rather even, illy dciintMl parallel witli onler niar<;in; k. t. line ]»alc, pnnetiforin or Innate, \ery regnlar; <;lavifori:i wanting; renilbrni railier narrow, somewhat irregn- !ar, elongate; orbicular narrow, oblicjue, oblong. Secondaries smoky l!is(!ous. llcneath smoky, witii a blackish common line; secondaries paler toward base, pnwdery, di.scai buinie jiresent. Collar brown, thorax mixed witli red l»ro\vj». Expands .'57-11"""; 1..")-1.(m inches. llAlUTAT— Tnited States^ <'ast of the l'ock.> Monidains. Avery w»'ll marked sftecies, easily recogni/a'.»le Itv the dark color and the contrasting i«'d brown blotche... The primaries are nnnsiiaily «)btuse. The initial black patches <»f s. t. line are, owing to the daik ground color of wing, rather U .-s distinct than usnal, but yet always e\ itb'nt. Noctiia treatii (irt. |H7.S(!l(., (.'an l.nl, \ii, ISC, liiroih. " 6. Allied to .1. lii'dnwK <-,,.. sMialiri' and distingidshabh^ by the evenness of the t. p. line. I'oie wings dead browni-.h i)liick. T. a, lino rigidly obli(p;e to sulimevlian fold, not I'ounded as in iisaii\, and with a less promiinnl tooth on internal margin. A \t'iy faint yellowish shading to tlu- line and al.so on the costa at the inception of t. p. line, when^ A, hhornix i.s strongly inaiked with cai'neous. T. p. lim' shapi'd as in its ali.N, bnt even, geminare, the inner line not scallo[>ed; theiiom- o<»nenf lines inrinde a pale shading. Dise velvety black lu'tween tin; iiM'row 8tiganita, whicii art) concolortnis wii h the de.id bhick of tin; wing. •A black vshade at basi' below tin; iru'dian vein. All the transvers*' lines geminate; the inner of the basal and t.p.,and themucr line of the (.a., marked with velvet.v black. In «un' specinuni there is an absenee. of tiui velvety b'.ack shrtiJes ; this one is in impeift>cl condition and allows of iiocertain description. Ilind wingsyellowish giax , paler than ii\ hiiornctt, with a notice«i)h- terminal ad dark bictwii on vertex, with pttle nnirginai liiu's; terminal palpal J(>ints pate; collar blown, with a 2;i;(i4.'^— Hnil. iM (t . 'if* "I 82 BULLKTIX 58, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. black iiiiil jmle line at base. Lejjs dark, pale dotted. Thorax brownisli black, with pale line at base of tegul;,'. \bdoiueu like secondaries.'' Expanse 34' ; 1.3G inches. Habitat — Massachusetts. A very close ally of bharnea. i have seen oidy a single specimen, which fnlly agrees with the above descrii)tion, and this is now in the coll. U. S. N. Mus. It is much larger tlian given by Mr. Grote, expanding fully 40""". There is no locality label, and I have no idea where the specimen came from. It is easily known by its resemblance to bioarnea, but lacking the carneous shade. Noctua coiichis Oit. 187!) Grt., N. Am. Eiit. i, 4:? Aurotin. IHHO (Jrt., Trans. Kans. Ac. N. Sci. vii, Oii, Agrotia. 1882 Grt., III. Essay, 51, pi. 1, f. 8, AgroHa. "All the tibia', spinose. Allied to ^'-n/V/r?rm ; recalls i7(7/m?m by the brightness of the ocher stigmata. Fore wings bright lilac unty, smooth, with a blackisli tone. Base ocher, bounded by tiie half line. Orbicular light ocher, open to the costa, outwardly oblique. Ileniform upright, wide at base, with a deep ocher interior ring. Median lines wide aiuut. Exterior line evenly scalloi)ed, followed by points. Suhterminal space darker, with blackish costal shade. Subterminal iinc followed by a ])ale shade line. Terminal si)ace like s. t,, gray i>t ai)ice.-;. Disc Itelween and about the stigmata clouded witli rich blackish brown. Claviform iiulicated. Median shade api>arent below reniform. Head and collar bright ocher; tegnhe brownish ocher; dorsum very pale dusty ocher. Hind wings m ith a ]»ale ocliery ground, shaded witii fuscous. Heneath, pale, with common continued scalloi)ed line and discal hmule open on primaries. Abdomen light brownish ocher; breast light bniwnish ; palpi dark brown at sides. lOxpanse 40"""." I lABiTAT — Colorado, A fair representation of tliis species is in the llliisC3-.ited lOssay, show- ing it to be related to hicanuti, from which it (iittt*«»-in the discohuous orbicular, and the want of tiie brown pat«;h at ip«*~f»rion of t. p. line. 1 have not seen it in nature. Noctua c-Digrum Linn. ITi'iH. Linn., Syst. Nat. Ed. x, r.lil, Xodim. ITCiT. Linn., Syst. Nat. Ed. xii, H.VJ, Xortna. IHlC). Illin., Voiv,ci('iiiiis8, ii'j;!, Afcijuntina. 18.VJ. On., Noct., I, ;i'JH, yixtiia. 18.')(!. Wlk., C. 1!. Mus. Lcp., x, liHi), (hophiiihoni. Irtil!. Edw., Papilio, in, i;!;!. AiiroiiH, Smoky fuscous with a red brown shade; basal and terminal space darker; anied by pale dots. tS. t. line pale, narrow, very slightly sinuate; dark costal shade at inception, distinct, brown. The meecies has been confounded, it is well separated by the shape of the reniform aiul the costal patch at inception oft. a. line. Unfortunately, I have not succeeded in getting a rj of this species. 1 doubt whether C'0»//(m occurs in America. I have never seen a specinuMi. INIr. (Irote cites " Anticosti," but his examinations were made before he recognized the distinctness tA' pcrconflKu, and 1 have seen specimens, umloubtedly this species, labeled conjlua ftde Grote. iNIr. IJutler says, Trans. Ent. Soc. Loud., 18SJ), 382, under Amatliusjuvumla Wlk., Lep. ITet., X, ."»!)1) {(irophiphora), "This is the Atirotis conjlua of tlrote's collec- tion, but iu)t of Europe.'* It is very probable that Mr. Butler is right, and that Walker's species is either the present species or something very like it. INlr. (Irote was not certain as tt) what was really co^/^m, and he has labeh'd autre than one species with this nanu'.. Without knowing exactly what .Air. (Jrote had as6'o«y/H|se the wiug is reddi.sh brown, Linos black, broken, illegible, Stig- mata neai( (larl. iiui(;l iiiien, An of ])i;i ance KEVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AOROTIS. 85 iiiatii faint, sliiuk'tl witli ocliery, inodoratoly larjic Siibtcniiiiiiil line nearer the external inarj^in ami more even than its ally. prectMled by (lark points. Hind \vinjjsi)ah' fuscous, with yeUowish fringes. Ilencath iiiiieli as in vmnifestolahes, common line and «liscal ])()ints. One spec- imen, l*irie County, New York. (Collected by A. 11. (lr(»te, in .Inly.)" An apparently well-marked species with a resemblaniu^ to some forms of perrontlna ami probably somewhat intermediate in size and ap|)ear- ance between that si)ecies and phyUopUora. Not known to me in nature. :., Lep. eoUec- species ote was )re than ( I rote/ ■•onthui. 'olored. at once anal x'hery ; Stig- Noctua phyllophora Ort. 1874. (!rL, Bull. Hull. Soe. N. Sci., il, 61. .ith. IH-'J. liiitlcr, Triiiis. Kril.Soc, Limil., 18rf'.(, '3Si, AinatlirH. (Iiihlii Hi'tli. I*!!-'. Hetli., (';in. Eiit., i, rti, Cnijihiiihora. Brijjht red brown, somewhat ronj^hly scaled: s. t. space and an in- dednite median shade, «larker; at base ami alonu' costa powdered with bluish firay. IJasal line ace. Claviform wantin,;;'; ordinary spots liujjfe, of normal shape, imlistinctly outlined, paler, centered with j^ronnd <;olor. Secondaries smoky; beneath uniform smoky, [lowdered with red. Thorax concolorons. Expands ;{7-lO"""; 1.50-1.(50 inches. llAiiiTAT. — Ncnthern, Middle, and Kastern States.. A broad-win}>ed form, i)erfectly distinct from any other species structurally allied. Its chief ptHiuliarities have been already referred to. j\Ir. Butler cites alternata, varir, a. id luiriatn as synonyms, but this is a wild reference. Those species are m)t even {jrenerically identical \vith the present. It has been usual to refer this as Ciuenee's var. A. of dahlii^ but a care- ful comparisi»n of tlie description shows that this spetiies could not have been intended, but that a larye specimen of ruhifem must have served as model for the descrii»tion. Noctua rubifera (!rt. l>>7r). (Jjt., Can. Kilt., VM, >J07, 'J-'T, I'l. i, f. 1 J, AurotU. riihii (ivt. 187"). (Ji't., Cuii. Kut., VII, 'J(I7, Aijrolh. dniilii, vai'. A. ; (in. 1852. r.n., Sp. (it'll., Noct., i, :V.V2, Xoc.liia. 18.')(i. Wlk., ('. I?. Mils. Lep. llct., X, \VX\, (iraphiphora. Dark brown red, varyinji^ in dei)th ; s. t. and sometimes terminal space darker; color very smooth, even. All tlu' lines distiniit ; median lines gennnate, of a darke\' shade td brown, liasal line distincit ; t. a. line ontwiirdly obliipje, very little outwardly curved between veins; t. jiifi 'H«>|1| ■lit 80 BULLETIN :?8, UNITKD STATKS NATIONAL MUSEUM. V.'vtl w « ■ J), line with an ontwanl curve just below costa, tlieiieo almost straifjht to inner iiiar;;in ; tlie inner line more or less Inniilate, the outer remark- ably eviMi, forminjj; the boundary of the darker h. t. space; s. t. liiu^ very distinct, i)ale, .sinuate. A dilliise -;i3"""; 1.20-1. 32 inches. IIap.itat. — Northern and Eastern States, Canada. This species has been much confused in collections. I have before me now specimens labeled rubi, rnhifera, eonjiua, and pereonflua, and for some of ihe.se determiiuitions Mr. (Irote is responsible. The differ- eiuies Itetween this species and the European rnhi have been detailed with i)aiiiful exactness. Line for line they have been compared, and even nmhrom has been brought in; but scarcely one of the numerous diflerences have proved permaiuMit when a htrge series of si)ecimens has been compaied. Vet the American species undoubtedly looks dillerent, thoufifh the localization of the ditlereuce seems to be almost impo.ssible. A comparison of the 6 genitalia at once demonstrates the ditlereuce of the spe(!ies; tho.se of rnbifera are figured; tho.se of rithi are much like those of norniftniand. The harpes are the same, but the clasper con- sists of one inferior short curved hook and a lout; corneous ridge form- ing part of har[>e and extending obli(inely upward from thiahookto the linger-like process on superior margin. Of the very sudden dilation of the harpes so conspicuous iu rnbifera there is no trace. Vxom pereon- Jlna this species can be always separated by the shape of the reniform. which docs not vary greatly. Other differences will at once strike the student (tomparing the descriptions and figures. It was undoubtedly a large specimen of this species that was mistaken for dahlii by Guenee. J have a specimen agreeing perfectly with his comparative description N'octua oblata Morr. 187.''>. Morr., Proo. IJo.st. Soc. N. II., xviii, IIG, Agrolia. hilliaiia Tlarv. 1878. IT;ii vcy, Can. Eiit., x, .'')r), Aijrotis. Bright rusty ocher, shaded with lilac gray, median space darkest; 8. t. space witli a purplish tint, terminal space i)aler ochreous. Trans- verse lines geminate, basal line distinct. T. a. line oblicjue; a very sliglit curve to vein 1, then adistinctoutwardcurve to inner margin. T. p. line sinuate, inner line faintly crenulate; S. t. line marked only by the conti'ast in color between terminal and s. t. s[»ace, its course sin- uate. Olaviform distinctly evident though not completely outlined. RF-VISION OF SPECIES OF THE OEXUS AGROTIS. 87 Orliiciiliii' very liU'g^S obliiiuc, siilKjiiadratt', ojn'ii superiorly; outlined in liiiick, then with u rusty annulus; else paler than median space. Heniforni npri<,'ht, rather elon^'ate and somewhat lunate; outline f/. 1.0 "IM ilM Iii 2.2 36 ^ LI 1.8 1.25 U 1.6 % (91 %^^ '/a a /^ '^ y Photographic Sciences Corpordtion s. ^ ^^ \ \ ^ ^v ^ \ ;ij^ ^'' <>.• <^.,.,V^ 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER. NY 14580 ( 716 1 872-4503 M 8« miLLKTlN 38, UNl'IKI* STATKH NATIONAL MUSKIJM. t»r with iiMlrtitiitc disiial I(iiiiil<>s and com- nion line. Tlir ,'. aiil«-nii:i-'havc a hunt^li of HulxMpial istilf hair ou each siih' of each joint. Kxpantis ;{7"""; !.."» in«'hes. IIAUITAT.— Laliiatlor. I haveconiparcil the type of Hwi/xn/a with the description and figures of IIeiri«'ii Scha-lVer and helieve I hem nndouhtedly identi(^al. The spe- cies is well delined and easily n'co|;ni/al>le. The vest it are, as in usual with norlhem species, is more Iniiry and somewhat lo(»se. I have also ivceived from Mr. Moescliler specinnMis identilied hy him as rara, and they are the same as Dr. Packard's nmhrtitn. The Hn;;gestionthat Mr. Moeschh'i's tlissoun may he ram is wide of the mark. The species seems not rare in its liinne. Noctiia fennica 'riiiiNcli. lr*A'. Kvi iMii. Itiill. Siir. Imi|>. Monc. I. (. i:{, I Soctua. IH.V.'. Cm II.. Noit. 1, 'JTd Aiiiiilix. iK'w. \\]U.. C. I!. Mils. N, 111 I. .t;irolin. i.-TI. ale, nun-e or less jniinrtiform, irre^Mdarly sinuate ami punctate pre- ccih'il l>y siijiitlatt' black dashes; I he two opposite cell loufiest. A somewhat darker shade t-rosses the median space, (.'laviform distinct very narrow, not rcatdiin;; middle of nn-dian space. Orbicular variable in si/.e, usually rather small, s(unetimes iMinctilorm, oblique, ovate, or oblon;:. Itciiirorm always well si/ed, kidney shapen«larics whitish, smoky toward (Miter niar;;in. lUMU'ath powdery, with variably disti.ict discal spot, prinniries with e.xtra discal liiu'. Kxpands Kf-rilt""'. I.(Kl-2.(M» inches. IIahii'AT. — New York, noilhward to .\laskii. Ikcadily distin;;nishcd by the «>lon^^atedark winj;saml the contrasting; ordimiry spots. My dates tor the sp»'cies are Septendier. In the male the internal mar;;:in of piimaries is di.scolorons yelhtw- ish, in the female concolorous. This sexual ditVerence of color 1 have not noticed elsewhere in the ^'cnus. This is ordiinuily a rare species, but a few years ap) in Canada and the northern United States thuru RKVISIOX OP SPKCIKS OF HIE OKNTS AOUOTIS. SO ' siulilenly appcanMl in iMiormoiiM imiiilH'rsu larva wliicli was soon called tlie *'l)la. Iliiltiii!!', Vrr/fii'linis.s, '.i'iW (Mn-itjtlviirn. IHW. (}n., Noct., I, :«-.'ti Sovtmt. Irt-iJi. Wlk., C. M. Mils. l,.)!. X., »(MJ thhii>i,leiim. 1H«5-J. (Jit., I'loc. Kilt. fSoc. riiil. I.V'l"' rinrmtlis. 1H74. Mom-., I'syclif, I, tJ'i .t;iritliH. IH-*'.). Hiitl. Trans. Kiit. Soc. l.ond. !•<-;», ;!sj, ()ihroi>l,imi. Iiri};ht eariniiie or lake to ileej* red brown; eosta yellowish white, sprinkled with carmine s(;ales; a hiack shade iVomha.se thi'oii<;h (h'II to its termination. Transverse line.s waiitin;:', s. t. line iisnally distimrt, always traceable, pale, sinuate, varial)ly tlistant from miirjjin. Ordi- nary spots small, defined by narrow white annnii; orbieiilar round or but slightly ovate, center rather darker than }>i'oiind color. Uenit'orm lunate entirely jmwdered with white. Secondaries white, out warily more or le.ss powdered with dusky. IJeneath whitish, miii;;ins very str(Mi};l.V pi>wdered with red — on st>coiidarics aiitcri«M' miir;j;in «MiIy — a common dusky extradi.scal line, venular on .secondiiries; di.scal hiiiiile nu)re or less evident, sometimes wanting;. K.xpands L'!)""", l.l.'j inches. Hahitai'. — Canada to Texas, eastern ITnit«'«l States, l''uro;»e. This little species is so well marked, and .so unlike any other species thatitwiMild notbeeasy tiMuistake il. The bri;,dit«'olor,contrastin;.^costa and small si /.e are iu)t paralleled elsewhere in tlu>;;'enus. .Mr. iSiitler nwyn Ochrnpleura Ilbn. is a men* f^roup of .l»»/i^//f'.s Ilbn., and cites (A ricaria NVIk., Lep. Het. x, MM! as .syncmymous. Noctua collaiiBti. aiitl li. l."*(i^. (Jit. aiitl K'olt, TraiiM. Am. I'liit. Sue. i, ;i|», pi. 7, I', ^.i, liji-iilis. Smoky diirk t'us(;ous, somiMimes paler (tarnetnis ^liiy, with a purplish tinjje. All before and between liie ordinary spots, bri;,'iit velvety black. The trausver.se litu's are very regular, even, pale ;ii'ay. S. t. spiu;«4 a little djirker iind by the contrast in (M)lor with tcnninai sp.ice, tletlnin^ the s. t. line, which is irr(>;;ularly sinuate and dentate. (Mavi- form fiiintly indicated. Ordinary spots pah^ i in<;ed, i>lse concolorou.s Orbicular variable in si/e tind shape, open siipcriiuly. K'eniform variable in size and shape, UHually ki*iiu'y slnipiMl. Sccomlaries fiisiMi- luteous, uniform. Huneath powd(>ry, with traceal>le carneous line and discal luniilo. Head superiorly and collar rich, deep puiplish bhick; thorax else (;oucolorous. Expands ;U-.'U"""; l.'J.'»-l.;r» inches. IIaditat,— New Ytuk, northwaid to Can.ida. w m r I 90 HUMiKTIN 38, UNITKI) STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. V»M"v distinct l».v tiM' vtT.v fv«'ii palw transvorso lim-s, the distimrt black i;cli,aiiil till' ricli purple bliurk ('ollar. The Npeuies in not euiiiniiiioii and varies somewhat in the dinu'lion of an obsoles(;ene() of »U niauulation, though these aiierrant forins are not eoninion. Oroiii. CLANDESTINA. Anterior tiliia spinose; of nornnil len};lli, the spinulation never very heavy and sonietiuies sparse. The Innid is )>ropi»rtionately small and e(»nsiderably retracted, the front smooth. The antenna- of the S are simple in both sexes, somewhsit i is in other groups almost nniversal. The thorax is more or less distinctly depressed in most species, and nut at all or but incon- spicntiiisly hifted. The abdomen is also as a rule more or less depressed. The primaries are of two types, iatli«>r long, mirrow, and snbeqinil, the (Uiler margin rounded in chnnlrsfhia, harihVj itisripcllis, and nlrifronx. Thes<; species all agree in even (;olor, a tendency to strigose nnuMilation, the more or less marked obsolesceniM^ of the transverse lines and the irregular, sometimes obsol(>te, ordinary spots. I'iscifn-llis »\u\ atri/rons have the head blackish brown in front and the ordinary spots entirely wanting. The fornn>r is larger, reletely so; the orbiimlar is oval, longitudi- nal, an irregular projection toward the reniform. In chinilcsthm the dark color is even, the transverse liiu's rather indelinite. In the 9 there is a remarkable excavation on each sile, an<'ies. I'aUitlicoUis and ofutrifrnnH are hroader winjjed, tlie ordinary spotH are distinitt, more or less marked tiy a dark slia(h> in t eontlnent. Hiniixpica and nicmr are lar^je, broadwin;;ed speeies, the outer mar^^in oblique, but rather re,<;nlarly rounded. The former has the tiansverse liiM's distinct, erenidate; the latter has them st^anrely evident, but so far as tracu'able they are even. ►So far as the genitalia of the ,? are concerned, the.\ have not been examined in romlisy imlli^licollis, opiuufhoiXj and tvpinri, females only of these Hpe(;ies iK'iu;; proi-urable. The other spetMes a;;ree in bavin;;' the clasper distinct, simple, and (corneous, slightly ditVeriu}; in Ien;;th and decree of curvatur(>. Tiiu harpes furnish tln^ variation. In UthricnnH the entire armatnie a;;rees with that of the intlrls ;;roiip, with wliij'h, by the bye, this spetrics has been heretofore associated. It dilVers, howev<>r, in structure «)f piilpi, the small head antl th(> «)l>tuse prinniries. In clinulcstliKt, sirrnr, lianispint, and litirihr the harpes are alike, regularly taperin;; to a blunt point and semicorin'ous. In atril'mns and pinrijullis the harpes are broatl to tip wheie they are omary:iinite, the projo'tint* points hardly acute- the superior loufjest. Clrmens is in .»ome respects intermediate between the hanisfiini and rlproachiii^ most neaily to the chnifhstinn series, from all of whi(!h it ditlers by the luteous jjniy ly roiitiiliMl. Ciilor, i|i'i-]i siiKiky liKiwii. 'i'riUiHvi'rm' li Ill's ili.sliiirt, I'miiilati- or aii^iilalo iiviirspicA. 'riiiimvcrKc I i Ill's olisolcif, cvcii ^ll:ltl(.K. •Sniikll)'!' s|ii'iii's. iiairowcr wiiiucil. rriiiiarii's i'l(iii)rati', usually Miiliciiiiai : oiiti'i- iiiai>;iii rimiuli'il. Collar roiK'oloi'oiis. Krotil, I'oiKMiloroiiH ; oriliiiary spols rv iilrtit. Color, liitroiis j;ray ; traiiMVi-rsc iiiu-H lilack ; iiitoiriiiiti'il, irn'yiilar. n.KMI'.NH. ('oliir, ili'i'jt lifowii ; f raiisvi'rsi" linen, i-vimi, roiii'oIoroiiH clamtsmna. Color, lirowii, .xiilViiMcil Willi f;ray ; liiirs irn-^iilar, liroail, ^ray havii..!:. Front iliHcoloroiiM, lilackiHli lirown, onliiiary xpots wauling. Hi'il brow II : N. t. liiiiMliMiiin;!, |ialii I'isi ii'i;i.r.iH. ( 'ariicoiiM (iray ; s. t. line ohsolt'ti^ ; iiiiMliaii liiii's a|>|iroxiiiiat<' \ i iiii'Kdnh. Collar with a liroail, tranHViTHx, hliick nIiihIc; wind's ratlirr wiilttr. Wliitc ; I i Ill's liliirkisli ; onlliiary Hpols iudicati'il TKi'l'Kltl. ^^^^ 92 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Deep K^ny hIiu<1«(I oiitwiinlly to nxl lirowii or Itliu-kinli ludkicanh. I'riniarit'H, tri){«tniit« ; outer iiDir^iii, obliqiiu; a«lii4tiiict aiiKiilittion tit luitldU*. I'ulpi vliiviilo ('M Joint)) onliiniry H|H>ti) oltHulutttly innrktHl ; all coiicoluroiiH ; aNh gray to blackiHli vocaum. Palpi HiilHM|iial tIin>iit;lioiit ; hroailMt winged. Kront lilackiMli ; ordinary Hpotit dviined, cell lilackihli ; rolor, gray. ItrACIKIJONS. lluud and collar^ |i»le gray; win^H ocliitrouH, willi gray niurginH; ordinary HpotH uoiiUnuut i'AU.ii>icuuis. iU-« sef lo|i Mr: r Nootua harusplou (>rt. 1875. Ort., IMiff, Hull., Ii.'-'IV, Jyroiis. 1875. (irt., I'roc. Ac. Nat, Sci. IMiil. lH7r., 4J4, .i>jroli: 1H7(). Urt., Hull. Ut'ol. Siirv., ii.WU, .lyrotis. IHS'i. Smith, Eat. Anicr., i, I'A, .lijiolin, 18H,'>. Smith, Stott. Eiit. /uit., 4i>, *2-J*.', Atiiolin. 1^H^, IJntlcr, Traui*. Knt. Soc. Loud. l*jl», :i^i, iliapbiphora. itiiimaviila Morr. 1H7I. Morr., Proc. H wt. Soc. N. II., .Wll, IU\, Agnitit. lH7r>. Ort., Dutr. liull., II, MVi, ii. I>. I. ijrniidia Speyer. l«7r». S|M'y«'r, Slotl. Knt. Zi'it., 'M\, Vi'i, var nnijur. 1h;(5. Speycr, St«tt. Knt. Zeil., '.VS, 'iOI — var UHijiir. l-'HI. MoeHclil, Vt-rli. k. k. /.ihiI. Iiol. (iiH. 1H4.'>. Smilli, Eiit. Amer., I, I:i, an np. dint., auijiir. tiiifjiir (in. 1M,VJ. (!n., No(-t., I, ;W.'), \oclua. IHTiti. Wik., (J. 1(. MiiH., hep. Het., X, 387, (iraphiphora, KviMi (lark Hiiitiky brown. TmiiHVvrsu ]iii(>.s black, usually diHtinct, Hiiigle. Jiasal line eviileiit. T. a. liiiu outwardly (>bli(jiit', isuatlupeil between tlie lines. T. p. lin(^urenulace, jmrallel with outer nuirgin. 8. t. line very taint, pale, irregularly Hini• is the type of (iraphiphom Ochs., in which case the appli(!ati()n of the name to the Tntmunmpa series by Mr. Groto would be unwarranted. REVISION OF Sl'KCIKS OF THE GENUS AQR0TI8. 93 Noctua sierras Ilnrv. I87<>. Hftrv., Can. Ent., viii, ;n, Jgrotit. Kveii Hiiioky browu, all maculation obsolete. The transverse lines ai-e so faintly indiuateil as to be banlly poi-cei>tible. In course tbey seem nmcli like those of haruspica, but are much more even, not scal- loped or crenulate. The ordinary spots also are but faintly outlined, of the same (general form an«l size as in the preceding;. The secondaries are smoky ; boueatb as in haruitpica. Expands 40-42""", 1.00-1.08 inches. IIABITA.T. — Sierra Nevada, California. Somewhat more sordid in color than harnnpha, and with the trans- verse lines ditfereut and less distinct, but otherwise a very close ally. Noctua clemeuB .Siiiitli. 181)0. Smith, Traim. Am. Hiit. Sue, xvil, 44, Aifrolii. Pale luteous jjray, with black powderings ; the vestiture smooth, glis- tening. Head, collar, and thorax, concolorous, immaculate. Basal line distinct, geminate, black; t. a. line, geminate; outer line, broadt r, more distinct, the lines irregular, and, as a whole, the line irregularly out- curved and bent in the interspaces. T. p. line, distittctly geminate, in- terrupted ; the inner line consisting of a series of irregular lunate spots; I outer line, an aln^ost evenly curved series of distinct venular dots ; s. t. I line pale, very slightly and irregularly sinuate, the line marked by a distinct, dusky preceding shade; a series of blackish U'ruiinal dots. A ilitVuse median shade darkens the cell between the ordinary spots, an, IM, tyrolix. l*'"!. Kilt^y, IihIux to Mo. KcptH., .Vi, Aijrolh. IHKJ. Kiiiiiul«>rH Fruit Iiih. UM, f. IttC, 1(»7, Agrolix. Ih'*!. Biitlor, Trans. Hnt. Soc. Lon.l., IK-J'.t, W/tX, SpuhliH mvtda. iinirolor Wlk. 1H5(S. Wlk., C. I). MiiH., Lcp. lift., IX, 'i:i:i, Moniexira. 1461>. (irt. and Rolt., Tr. Am. Knt. 8oc., ii, 77 pr. hju. 1877. Urt., Cbu. Ent., ix, 26 pr. H,vn. Dark, flmoky brown, outwrtnlly a little darker. TransvorHO line gem- inate, iniliHtinct, ih^liKleil Hpauo concoloronH. T. a. line oblique, den- tate, and Hcalloped. T. p. line nearly upright, crenulate. 8. t. line entirely wanting, or ho indistinct as to prevent its course being (tlearly traceable. Claviforni barely indicated, never completely outlined. Or- dinary spots well detined, outlined in black, concolorons or powdered with white. Orbicular ovate, longitudinal, rather Hiiiall; usually con nected with t. a. line by a short spur, and with reniforin by a narrow dark lino. Itenitbrm of the usual shape, but rather small in size. Along the veins of fresh specimens a whitish powdering can be distinctly traced. iSecondaries pale, whitLnh fuscous. Ileneath i>ale, powdery, a distinct dark discal lunule, and an incomplete common line. Expands 40-42""", 1.00-1.(58 inches. Habitat. — United States, except Southern States; C*anada. Speyer, in comparing this species with the European rariila, dis- covered a curious and apparently unique structure in the 9. The lieniiltimate segment of the abdomen of the ? has un each side be- neath, a deep, smooth «lepression or excavation, very mii(;li resembling in shape a denuded shoulder-tippet {imtiujiu). This is peculiar to the S|>ecie.s, and though, according to Speyer, indicated in ntritla and in some other species, is nowhere so well developed. What m.iy be its object is at present unknown. It is scan-ely worth while repeating the observed ditl'erences in niaculation between this species and its European congener, bet'ause the American student will not beuiKtcr the necessity of making the comparison. Dr. Speyer's paper on '' Eiiropicisc^he amerikanische Verwandtschafteii '' is recommended to the student as worthy of study in these parti(!ulars. After Speyer's careful studies I should s(;arcely haveexpected Mr. But- ler to refer our species as a synonym to rarida absolutely without any explanation. I certainly could not m'cept this dictum, even if the results of my own studies did not absolutely contradict it. Mr. Butler says that in thoClrote collection he found a female labelled A. poHtoraUn Grt. This may be perfectly correct, but paHttnalia (Irt. is an entirely (Ufl'erent Hpeeies from vlnndi'Hlina »nd the label is erroneously placed. line ^ein- qiu', (leii- 8. t. line iiicil. ()r- »ow«lereil inlly con II 1 1 arrow 1. Aloii;; lytriHHul. i (llNtilUtt r»V/rt, ii'is, an sp. (list. 16H|. Uiitlor, I'upilio, i, Itiit, aiiHp. diHt. Very closely allied to clandegtina in (ground color, Hhapo of prirnarieH, and indeed in general habitus. Distinct by the gray, contranting median lines which are much more strongly dentate and irregular, and by the general grayish suffusion of primaries. The ordinary spots are loss distinctly indicated, but are of the same general shape as cUmdeg- tina. The s. t. line is also much more evident, and tolerably even. 8econdarii s darker, fuscous. Beneath darker, with the common line and discal lunule distinct and complete. Expands 39-4L """, 1.56-1.04 inches. H ADIT AT. —Southern California. This B|ierie8 differs from clandeHtina in the gniyish suffusion of pri- maries and the . (ill.. Sp. (icii. Noct., I. :W:», Xorlua. 18.".!;. Wlk., V. n. Mils., I.i^p. Hct., X, :«H, (irafihiphora. 18(il. (iit., Trof. Eiit. Sof. riiil., in, Tt'2't —ilaiidfMlina. l8t)'J. (lit., Trans. Am. I'.iit. Sin., ii, 30'.', uii Hp. ilisj.; .tgrolin. I'ar. beata (J it. ISKl. (Jit., Ami. Mil-;. N. II. (I,oiHl..n), l-Kl, .M, .1 linett, nHI'fftMl's it to the 8ei»urate >8 single, itwurUly. le broad, urgin. A e, coucol- iial form, 3 whitish, T0U8, col- ;oinl)ine(l Tej)per'8 (•annet!teh)w, ami ofttMi ohsoh^te. HciuMidaries pale, oiitwanlly smoky. Heneath pale, powdered witli retldish or blaukisU fivay. Colhir diHtin<;tly l»lsu;k tipped. I'iXpands 31""" ; 1.3.*) inches. IIAHITAT. — United States, generally; Canada. A handsome and easily reeognized HiHMsie.s, eciniens in which the -l.."iO inches. liAniTAr.— Colorado, Nevatla, New Mexitto. The apices of prinuiries are at least rectangular or even less. The second joint of palpi is distinctly clavate at tip. I have the type of inntiuxtaj and a typical s|)ecimen, bearing Mr. (irote'a label rocalis, and they are undoubtedly dentiod; rocalift is the paler form, the maculation distinct; inrtiiHsta is darker, the maculation not distinct, but liue for line the same. Kxcept the ditVerence in ground color, I find no distinguishing features, and this is not specific. * 4 »| ft . t. shaded to same I distinct, irregular. Id orbicii- larks, not Noctua opacifroiia (irt. 1878. Ort., Hull. Oeol. Surv., iv, 17(», AijrutU. Gray, often with a reddish tint, cell between the ordinary spots more or les8 distinctly black. Transverse liiu>8 simple, black. Basal line evident. T, 5i. line slightly oblique ontwanlly ami nearly even. T. p. line strongly crenate, its course parallel with outer margin. S. I. line often 23045— Hull. 38 7 w lll'I.LKTIN ;x, irNITKK STATKS NATIONAI- Ml'SKIM. olMoli'ti*, Hoiiicliitifs iiHliriit«Ml l)y a sli;;litly tliirkcr Mliailc in t*. t. Hparc, wtiicli tluMi roriiiM a faint t'oiitrast in (M)ior to tliu concolorous terminal Hparc. Ordinary .s|iots rnodcratc, eoniiolnrnnM, novrr coniplcti', niarkcti only Ity \hv oilicrwisr Itlat'kisli cell. S('(;on4larii'.H Kuioky tuMroiiM, paler towani liasf; a tli.stinmen depressed, somewhat tlattened ; in /•»•<■«/»« only, nor- mal. The primaries are elongate, rather narrow, suliequal, the apices Homewhat rouudud. Terrcalis hero also is an uxceptiou, tbo primaries M. H. t. H|m<'t', IS tiTininal ti>, iiiiti'kcil •oiiH, piilcr ly, with ail lul tllHtiiict H^ tiroailcr ilistiiiutly liict). rraii8verH« <|iu'. T. i». liiiu iiidi- iial hIuuU'. , inodiTatu lis brown. I miiroriii. (;al IiiiiiiU'. y com moil ir {grayish e " by Mr. It but that oidvK with I throii^h- liroiluced. L'll. )nt inoiler- o*' i siiii- ! basal tuft only, nor- the apices primaries KKVI8I0N OK SI'KCIK.S OF TIIK OKNl^S A<;UOTI.S. D!) lieiii^ proportionately rather shorter, anil more tri};oiiate. The S ^eiii- t.ilia of the j^roiip aro all of the tuimu type, and are lieeiileilly iini<|iie. riie har|N!s are narrow, short, taperin;; towards tip, whieh isoblii|iiely rounded. The clasper has a loii<;, very stout, somewhat llatteiied and strai};ht inferior fork, whiuh is also often somewhat eiilai;;ed at tip. From the superior iiiarpn proceeds a stout, very stroii;;ly eiuved claw, of variable length and shape. This type is common to all species uf the <,'nmp, and is found nowhere else in the melius. The species are closely allied and (;are is requisite in separating; them. AuxUiartH, the type of the group is also the best marked of the species; the costa, iiiuer margin, s. t. space, an apical patch, a sub- median dash, and the inferior half of the collar are bright yellow ; ami this is distinctive of the species. The claspei "f d has the inferior poition long, little enlarged at the tip ; subequal. The superior portion is very short, and curved, the tip subacut" InlrojerenH is very closely allied, but somewhat smaller and the yello'v is soniid; the primaries are also soiiu \\ liat wider. The (J clanper is diHtiiietive; though much shurlv" Utaii in the preceding, the inferior portion is yet much heavier, (he tip enlarged and ex- cavated, spoon like. The superior portion is iniich longer, strongly <;urved, the tip irregular, iiortor is known to me in the 4 only : it is much smaller than either of the preceding, and, retaining the same typical ornamentation, replaces yellow by bluish gray. AgrvHttH is again a large species but very evenly colored, gray over liileous or butf ; the transverse lines are distinct, as are also the ordi- nary spots; the reniform is inferiorly dusky. The clasiier has the in- ferior portion very long, cylindrical, slightly tapering to tlii^ tiji, which is not at all enlarged, and while not acute or pointed is yet the smallest point of the process. The superior portion is very short, curved, and rather acutely terminated. Incnncinna, with the same maculation so far as it is tra(;eable, is more reddish brown, more evenly colored and decidedly smaller. The clasjier has the inferior portion moderate in leiigtii and slightly and evenly dilated before tip. The superior portion is also iiioderately long, greatly curveil, the tip obtuse. TcrrealiH is very distinct in coloration, as has been already noted. The clasper is very nearly like that of iitrouciniiay but the forks are not at all enlarged toward or at tii>. sr.Noi'sis «)K sruriKP. AImIoiiii'ii diHtiiiftly (I<>|ireHHiMl ; colors riiHcoim to ^roy. CoHta, inturniil iiiar^iii, h. t. Hpitct', Niilt-iticiliuii ila.sh and collar liri;r|it yellow; si/o lur^O AlXII.IAItlS. The Haiiiu portions Nordiil, liiteoiiH ; ai'M' .sinnllcr intkoi'kkkns. The 8UI110 portior.H blninh gray: ni/c 8till smaller sokkok. I'l iiiiarios iiiiiforni in ground color. Trausvcrsu lines and ordinary spots distinct; clavifonn present, size large. AQKKaTIS. iK'l >• I t «Ii«l i It i. _ _ _■_ 1.U, t' ■WBC^P 100 HLILF^irriN :{S, UNITKD states national Ml.'SKlJM. TniiiHV rmt liiicH mill ordinary N|K»t» very faint; uluvit'onn wiintin-;: tti/i- iiim-h Nlliullfr INCOXCIN.NA. AImIouicii less ilf|)rosNc<), I'oiiir ; fiilor iliiri\ t'lmcoiiH lirowii. C'oMtit riMlilisli; ctll Iti-twfcii iinliniiry HputH lihiok TKKKKAl.is. c r r '•'», K H M I < t I, Chorizagrotis auxiliaris (Sri. i';*i. (ill., hiiir. Hull.. I, '.»>, inniiiif. 1-7.".. (!rl., I'inr. Ac. Nal. Sri.. I'lijl., Ir^;.'., I2-' Ayrolix. 1H7.'>. (irt., Sdiil. r. S. (J('i»l. Siirv., in, 11'^, .ttjiotiH. Fu.stu) liitt'ou.s ; (!o.stiil ivinl iiiti'iior iiiiir};iii, s, t. space, ivxticpt at co.sta, a HiiliiiuMliaii (la.sli, and ordiiiarv s|Hit.s .vcllow; tlic latti'i- ixiwdcit'il witli wliitc. Mciliaii vimii white, oilier N'eiiis niarketl with dii.sky. A lihick basal iiiaik, reaeliiii<:^ t. a. line; the latter ^eiiiiiiate, outer line black, iiieliided space yellow, vivsilile only between median and .s. in. vein. T. p. line single, pitnctiturin, parallel to outer iiiai-};iii. 8. t. line narrow, white sinuate and dentate, an apical whitish patch. Tei iniiial space somewhat darker. Ordinary spots distinct, powdered with white scales. Orbicular obli(pie ovate, moderate in si/e. IteniCorm larp\ kitlneyshaped. All belbn' and between ordinary spots diiNky. Clavi- tbrm distinctly outlined, concoloroirs reaching; almo.st to the middle of median space. Secondaries smoky fiis(;oii.s, somewhat paler at base. Jteiieath tliisky, powdery ; secondaries more whitish. A common line aiu' discal ItimiU^ on all wiii;;s. Collar interiorly yellow. Head and throa.v concolorous, Kxpands li-fiO' ; 1.7r>-L» inches. liAui TAT.— ('olorado, Texas, Calilbrnia. An easily re<'«)j;;iii/.ed species : The primaries are iiiiiisnany elon<>ate and ,suben tor this group, and the bright yellow macniatioii and whitish ordinary spots are characteristic. This species was in J'rol'e.sst)r Li'itner's <*,(>lle(rtion :xn perfrrcllfiis. Many of the spe«'iinens named aiuiliatis in collections arc really referable to the next species. Chorizagrotis iutrofereiis (jrt. 1875. (ir(., I'n.f. Ac. Nut. Sci., IMiil., 187;', 4'i:J .Uirolis. 1H7G. lliirv., Hull'. Hull., ill, 71, pi. \\, f. 10, .lyrotin In iiiaculation like (iKxiliariH ; but this species smaller in size; the yellow is sonlid, often sprinkled with bluish gray, and the balan<;e of the wing is but little darker and not t;ontrasting. Secondaries and under side as in nuxiliaris. (dollar dull luteous. lOxpands 1()-H""" ; 1.CO-I.75 inches. IIahitat. — Colorado, Texas, California, Arizona. Very clo.sely allied to au.viliaris, than which it is nuu^li nu.ic com- mon. So I'losely are the two allied that but for the very «listliict vari- ance in the male genitalia I should Lavo called them idunticul ; yet M. ; sizf iiiiirli .Nt<)Xi;i.N.\,\. -TKKRKAI.IS, >t at nista, liisky. A outer lino aiiti M. III. S. t. line Tci'iiiiiial rt itii white ii'iii lar^e, .V. Clavi iiiiddle of r at bane. iiiiiioii Iiii(> Head and y elonjiate laciilalion 's wa.s in lire really size; the iiilaii(;e of iiries and K.io coin- inet vari- iciil; yet UEVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENTS AOKOTIS. 101 tlioni;h there is little iibsolitte ditl'erence in inaenlation, the less eoii- tiasliii}; colors and sordid appearauco of the whole insect readily «lis- liii;;uish the species. It is more than probable that larpe Kpetriniens of this species are Ken- ("rally found in collections as les so named by Mr. (iiote, who in l?is new list places this species as a variety. Chorizagrotis sorror Smilli. 1887. Smifli, Proi-. IJ. S. Nat. Mils., X, UJ, .iyrotis. Oolor of priinari<'s jjray, a more or less evident fn.scons tint in median and terminal space ; in the former not invading the <>t crossing costal S|>ace, out wai-dly curved between veins. T. p. line single, creiiii- late, parallel with outer margin. H. t. line ffray, sinuate, marked by the dark terminal space, and a )>i'ecediii<; dark shade. Clavilbrm very faintly outlined, coiujolorous. Ordinary spots jrray witli dusky center, outlined in black ; moderate in si/.(>, normal in Ibrni. Head and thorax yray; collar with a black line. Secondaries fuscous, veins dark marked. Heneath aniy, jxiwdery. Kxpands 3.")""" ; 1.4 inches. llAiuTAT— Montana. Two 9. specimens firnn Mr. Ilulst fnrni.sh the types. The male char- lifters will undoubtedly be found to be miKrli lik»^ those of ou.iiliitris mid /M/n>/('r<'«.s', to the latter of wliicrh tlu^ new form is (closely allied. Ill this group, however, of which nii.rilinris is typical, the species .seem to present absolutely no variation, and the apparent lumtrary shown in some (Collections arisi's simply from the fact that two and sometimes three speiMcs are very ^f^'rally mixed. The ina(rulation and habitus IS nearly alike, but stiiucturally the species diller very decidedly in the form of tiie <^ j,M'"'fi>l'"' In this species the yellow is entirely re|daced by liluisli <,'i'ftN , smd there are no distinct (contrasts ex(rept in the cell, which is the darkest part of the win^. Chorizagrotis agreaiis Crt. lM7t'i. . All tli(> lines e\ iihciit, K<'i»ii'(*N variably distinct in the specimens. T. a. line widely curved between tine veins. T. p. line parallel with outer mai'K>>*< outer line often very faint. A nar- >•,:>* •c 1 102 lUIJ.KTIN :tH, I'NITKl) STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. r r ■>> c; 'I W- 4 « K row (liisky line crossi's iiuMliaii sp;ic« near t. p. lint'. Outer tbini of s. t. space ami U'liiiiiialspave except an apical patch, darker. Tlie narrow, l)ale, irrejinlarly dentate s. t. line crosses this darker s)>ace. Ordinary spots concolorous or slifjhtly paler, the renifo>"nj with an inferior black- ish patch. In shape nuurh as in auxiliaris, with which the species also ay r»'es in secondaries and under side. Llead, collar, and thorax con- colorous. Kxpiinds 44-li'!""" ; 1. 7/5-1. 85 inclies. Hauitat. — Kansas, (Colorado, California, Texas, N«'l»raska. Five specimens are before me, each from a different .State; one the type of y/<'./v7/« Mon. which so far as I can find was never de.scribed. Another labeled afprstis by Mr, (Irote Ion;; since, and still another la- beled mt'rccnnria also by Mr. (irote. All these specimens differ some- what in distinctness of maculation, but not otherwise. I have since seen many specimens which i)rove the correctness of the above n'ference. Chorizagrotis inconcinna llurv. l-^T."!. Ilarv., MiilV. Hull., iii, r>, .liirolis. Reddish fuscous, deiiHly sprinkled with bluish pfray. Ordinary spots concolorous, narrowly outlined in black ; then narrowly annidate with white or ^ray. JJeniform with an inferior dusky patch. In 8hai>e iind si/e thespotsare like thnsooi' mcnrii aria. Claviform ol)solete. Median lines obsolete; so far as traceable they are like those of »u'»TeM«/*/rt. S. t. line distinct, narrow, pale, sinuate, ami irregularly dentate, accom- panied by a sli;,'litly darker shade. A very faintly traceable shade through median space near t. ]>. line. Secondaries and une and Median laria. S, ', a(;com- le sluub' side pre- cidation size, ami species, Chorizagrotis terrealis. 1H,*», r.rt., Trans. Kinis. Ac Sri. viii, 17, .tsorl)in.u: tin' transverse liiu's, and by the contrastinjj reddish costa. This form iias tlu^ abdomen less de- ])ress(>d than either of the others, and thus forms in a manner the con- necting form between this and allied jiroups. in .iii.Ji IB I » 1 enpfthily jjrayish ik costal '«. very . riind ! frill fjes "! wings OenuB RHIZAOROTIS Smilli. All the tibia- spino.se, front rouj'li and protuiierant, hardly with a »'yliiidri0 inches. Habitat.— Sierra Nevada, California. (MeGlashan). The species at first sight seems allied to some forms in the tesHcIlata group. The genital structure is different, however, the clasper not being bifurcate. Group ACCLIVIS. Anterior tibia' strongly spino.se, the terminal arnniture h<>avier; front broiul, not much inflated, rough, granulate rather than tuberculate. A.uteuun} of S simple or ciliate merely. The primaries are at least not i*g th< wa ma th the evi gose char- ', more or le 8{)eci(>8 ordinary are pule, less coiii- .spocies of 1 is found 1 with tlie ised with .sh tnins- !nt, genii - the inner 18 in pale ibniedian lingle, or ky costal cry close line ver^' usized by tinetinies h1, (hirk V scales. defined ns, pah'r le gray feriorly. le inah', lie, with It discal per not ; front 'cnlate. It least REVISION OF SPECIKS OK THE O.ENUS AGROTIS. 105 normally wide, the apices rectangular. The i genitalia are variable, agreeing only in that the clas]>er is always siini>le, nut more than half the length of the harpes; the latter obli<|uely rounded at tip and in- wardly furnished with a row of short spines. The maculation of pri- maries agrees in the somewhat strigose character, moi-e or less obscuring the ordinsiry spots, and in the somewhat paler costa, apiealis furnishing the only exception to the latter chara(!ter. The thorax is furnished with evident, though not conspicuous, fore and aft tufts. The species are few, and they are readily distinguished. Prodi lus is largest, and is separable at once by the unusually wide primaries, which are also very dark in color; the orbicular is round. The S genitalia are distinctive. The clasper has a very short, acute, inferi«)r i)roJ«'ctiot!, the superior hook being moderately long, not greatly curved, and moder- ately enlarged at tip. The harpes are broadly roumkMl at apex. Avclivis is similar but smaller, somewhat paler, the maculation nnu^h more distinct, the orbicular is longitudinal, elongate, narrow. The S genitalia are very peculiar. The harpes are much as in pvovliris, but the clasper is niuch curved, somewhat flattened, tlilated at ti|>, the dila- tion concave a'., inner side, ami the whole looking for all the world like a dilapidated soup ladle. AUncoKta is uniformly dark in color, the black (-ell, and pale costa, and ordinary spots only relieving the uniformity ; the orbicular is round. The S genitalia have little in common with the ])receding s|)ecies, lint resemble fennica in another group. The harpes are long, the tip oblicpie, with the upper angle acute or drawn-out. Clasper short, stout, tlilated at middle, and with a short beak-like twist at tip. Apiealis is an unique md easily distinguished species, uniform in color, the veins a little darker, transverse lines distinct, unusually close together, and the ordinary spots indistinct. The chief distinctive feature, however, is a blackish shade extending from renilorm to apex, giving the species the characteristic appearance (o which it owes its name. The clasp'T is ximple, tapering to the tip and tolerably well urved. SYNOPSIS OK sim;(Ii:s. i'riiim(i«8 iiniisnally \viiciilur i'loii^iit<>, iiioro or losa iiliHorlicil in tlir liniii rosta accmvis. Oi'lticiilar rotiiitloil; costiil Hpaeu |)alli iih 0V r r C It ■ K outward (;iirvo to liiiid margin ; lliu line on closo exainiiiatioii i.s ^euii- iiato. T. i>, line creniilate, narrow, sin<»h'; its course j)arallel with the outer niarfjiu. S. t. line very faint, irrejjular, punctit'orui. Two longi- tudinal blaek daslieH cross the line opposite the cell and terminate at outer margin. Clavilbrin Hhort, distinct, dark, but somewhat indetinitely outlined. Ordinary spots indistinctly outlined, concolorous with costa, faintly <;entered with darker 8cales. All the veins are more or less evidently maiked with black scales. Secondaries bhu'kish, towanls basii jialer. lieneath smoky, pow«lery, all wings with discal spots. .Secondaries paler with a distinct extra discal dark line, beyouil which the wing is as dark as on primaries. Head and thorax like primaries ; l>atagia' with considerable red intermixed. Kxpands, ,'J7"""; 1.50 inches. Habitat. — Arizona. Well (Icfined by tlie dark color aiul unusually broad wings; there is a suggestion of In nils or allies in the habitus that is at lirst inislea. MoiT., Ann. I.yr. Nat. Mint., XI, H;t (Kdi'y), .tijrottH. ofiartf lliirv. 187.^.. Uiiiv., lluir. Hull., II, 7*^ pi., :? f. 1 (July), Agrotin. Dark, smoky brown, or blackish; base, costal space, and all beyond t. ]). line i>aler, more luteous, strigose. T. a. line outwanlly curved be- tween veins, not traceable above median vein. T. p. line continuous, narrow, slightly crenulate, its course parallel to outer margin. 8. t. line punctiform, the d<>ts ehnigate, whitish, outwardly marked by black dashes; three opposite cell most di.^tinrm short, concolorous, distini^tly outlined. Orbicular elongate, narrow, longitudinal. Keniform ppright, normally foi>med. The a|)Ots i)ale, narrowly outlined in black; cent«'r slightly darker lute- ous. Secondaries smoky, paler toward base. Beneath as in the ju-eced- ing species. Head «lark, thorax, and esi)ecially the patagia', spriidvled with re(blish. Expands, LM)-;Ui"""; 1.15-1.;J0 inches. Uaiutat. — New York(*), Arizona, Texas. Two s|>ecimciis of this species, both males, are before n»e ; the type, said to be from New York, is larger and somewhat sordid in appear- ance— evidently not fresh ; the second is from southwestern Arizona, is smaller ami very distinctly marked — evuleiitly fresh. The $ geni- talia are ab.solutely alike in the specimens, and 1 have no doubt they are iilentical, but I do doui»t New York as the correct locality for the type. I believe that in this case INIr. Morrison has made a niistak(>. This 8i»ecies is very like/^rotj/Zrw, but is yet undoubtedly distinct. J)r. Har- vey's type was eviilently much like my Arizona specimen. There is no mistaking the species. RKVISION or SI'KriKS OF THE OKNIS A(JUOTI8. 107 1 IS K*^uii- with tlie wo loiigi- iiiiiate at iletinitely ith costa, re or less , towards !al spots, imI which rirnaries ; ; there is t mislead- beyond t. irved he- ittiniious, S. t. line by bhick iiumI to t. )rbieuhir foniu'd. cer hite- jjreced- )riiikled he type, appcar- Ari/.oiia, S jjeiii- they are he tyi)e. This >r. Har- are is no Rhizagrotis albicosta Smith. 1SH7. Smitli. Proo. V. 8. Nut Mns., x, 4.">», AijioHh. Very dark, smoky brown ; cell, except ordinary spots and a basal dash, black; (tostal space and ordinary spots reddish clay ycHow. All the veins more or h'ss evidently imirked. T. a. lino very faintly indi- •'iited between median and s. m. vein, else oi)solete ; t. p. line wantiiifr; s t. line indicated only by a few indetinite black marks opposite the cell. Oibicnlar ronnd, siniill, with a itnnctitbrin dark center. Kcniform normal, annnlate with .somewhat jtider yellow. Secondaries pearly white, with smoky outer border. Heiu'ath, prinniries blackish, seiiond- aries jK'arly white. Thorax concolorons with primaries, with a some- what purplish tint. Kxpands, ;?L'-t2"""; 1.1*5-1 .<»S inches. Haiutat. — Xew .Mexico, Arizona, ('olorad(» foot-hills. This neatly marked species is very «'asily re(!o;;nizet evident. The habitus re?nains the same and the gi'neiic characters, once recognized, the specific reference is certain. Rhizagrotis apicalis Ort. ISHO. r.it., Bull, r.eol. Siuv., VI, 1.".:!, .1;iroUH. Abi'Kst nnitbrm liiti'oiis brown, veins marked with black ; a blackish shade fnnn renilbi .. along costa to ai)ex. Transverse lim\s approxi- mate, narrow, black, even. T. a. upright. T. p. angulate over the ands, :i:l ; 1.25 inches. llAUlTAT — Colorado, New Mexico. This is one of the most simply marked and nmst easily recognizable of Dur species of ^'A^rotiN,-^ bnt it does not seem to be one of the most comnnjn. Groiin CLOANTMOIDES. Anteiior tibia* moderately spiriose, not so heavily armed at tip. Front full, rather broad, rough, granulate, hardly tubccnlate. An- tenuic t? simple, ciliate. Thorax untufted, or at most with an imh'finito ba.sal tnft. The primaries are moderate, ai)lces rectangular, slightly ])rodiH!ed ; the (M)lors are gray and black ; transverse maculation obso- lete, n^placed by longitudinal strigate markings. Ordinary spots either more or less conlluent or obscured by the strigie. «•»«■■< it.* III ; ! 108 nULLKTIN 38, UNITKI) STATUS NATIONAL MUSKUM. ■If i'tti 0*- r r m.- R The geiiitiilisi of tli«^iii the two species of whicli they sire known are after one type. The harpe is moderate in length, decreasing in width to the tip, where it is obliqnely truncate. At the inferior margin, near the base of clasper, is a short, acute semi-corneous projection. The c1a8i>cr is short, stout, straiglit, or very feebly curved at base, ta]>ering regularly and somewhat rapidly to tip. In laycnn it is longer than in cUmnthinHes. The species are easily sepnrated, Loffena is at once distinguished by the usually conlluent ordinary spots, combined, of a bottle shape; they are always at least approxi- mat«», and usually confluent. AlhnVtH is separable by the very distinct strigate maculation and strongly dentate dark terminal space. CloanthoiiicH is but a synonym of alhulis, based upon a cleanly marked specimen. Mr. (Iraef has the type of doanthoules and both the Ilulst and Meske collecitions have specimens named alhalis by Mr. (Jrote, and agreeing with his description, whi(;h are undoubtedly the same. 8YN()I'SI8 OK HI'KCIES. Collar with a black lino ; ordinary spots UHiially conlliuMit, hotfli^ Nliai><>d ; lon^ihulinal Hlri;;oM«« niai-nlation very distinvt ; terniiual spaco Htron<{ly d«Mitatf cloantuoiuks. Rhizagrotis lageua (irt. IHTn. Grt., Can. Ent., vii, Jfi, .l, ; is lonjj^n- onlinarj* t approxi- y distinct y marked the IIuLst rrote, and je. .. .rACiEVA. iimciiliitioii iNniOII>KS. ; a oinck, U8 streak r, Iy obsolete, annulate reaching the com- ho spots •y ch)sely y hue at n dusky belong- Mr. Neu- de male les lost, arrowly t'liscons. Terminal space very irregular, fuscous, projecting a long tooth inwardly opposite cell, and i» second on sulnnedian interspace. The space is completely cut on veins 3 and 4 by indentations of the s. t. line, which is marked by black cuneiform spots. Ordinary spots smull, indetinite, obscured or entirely absorbed in the strigate nnteu- liition; orbicular small, V shaped, connected by the ocliery shading with the small, upright v>!:ltish ringed reniform. Secondaries white, with a narrow dusky outer nmrgin. Beneath whitish, powdery. Kxpantls ;5li-;j.') """ ; 1.30-1.40 inches. Habitat. — Nevatla, Colorado. I have seen the type of this species from Dr. Daih\v's collection ami the type of cloanthoiiles from Mr. (Iraef's cidlection. The former looks like a washed out specimen of the latter, but the markings are itb'Uti- cal. I have seen other specimens, princi[)alty of the vUmnthoideH form, and believe the type of ulbaliif to be a faded sitecimen, which can not well be matched among fresh material. Genus FELTIA Wlk. The distinctive characters of the species grouped umler the present term are spinose and (piite heavily armed fore tibiie; protuberant, rough front, peetinate«l or serrate antenna*, usually wide wings with tlark colors ami a tendency to a radiate type of maculation. With this genus begins the series of forms in which the $ genitalia are after a single type, so that the type can be used in the subdivisions of the series of species. In tlie species grouped here, the harpes are as a whole oblong, the sides not straight, but tolerably parallel, the tip ob- litpiely rounded, the margin inwardly set with spinules. The claspor consists of a single, simple, curved hook, variable in length, but very much alike in the species, so that it does not attbrd very good char- acters. There is one other — the following — genus which agrees in all these structural features, but dill'ers essentially in habitus and wing form and in which the clypeal projection becomes cylindric, and more developed in type. I have recogniy.ed two groups or series of species, the one, of which Hubgothica is typical, characterized by the open, V shaped orbicular and paler costa, the other, of which rcncrabilis nujy be consid«a'e»l the type in which the orbicular is complete or at least not open to the costa, and in which the radiate type of maculation is sometimes strongly developed. There are two fiberrant species, annexa and malrfula, with narrow wings find more normal type of maculation, that should perhaps have also ranked as a grou]) and must at least rank as a subdivision of the ten- crabUis series. The species of both groups are confused, and perhaps in the allies of vaneourcrcnsis the solution here, is not the true one. The ditticulty of applying the proper insects to existing names is a consid- ,, it .K » ■ ■• »| lit « tl* , ; tl*l^' no mn.LEilN :IH, irNlTKM iSTATKS NATIONAL MUSEUM. r r m m n It i « * ( t I t'l'iilile one, ami owiii^ to the fact tliat coiisitlcraMi' variation oxist.s within tlie s|><'ei(>.s, tlu-ir iirnitation is nut easy. In tin.' \'. S. National ISIusciiin <;olUM;tion aru several series of hr(>^vu- erally «'onsidereil by some as varieties of one and the same species. In structure the species a^ree in the main with j,'r(»np nncnihilis. The tibia' are .'ill spinose, the anterior broadeiiinjj somewhat at tip, the ter- minal spines stronj;. The front is rugose, bmacl, and full, apparently alike in the species. The thorax is (piadrate, with a distinrou|»; the clas[)eris single, lony, acutt', and but slightly curved. Of the species, «//rm is readily distinguished by the white secontlaries and constricted reniform. In the ivmainjier of the spe(;ies the reniform is uu)re or less evidently luiuite, and the secondari'.'s are dusky. »S'«/>- (jothica is small and pale, the secondaries beinjj dusky only toward the margin. The S antenna' are serrate, the joints on each side with branched spines. Jdculifera and hercUa are both larger, and have dusky secondaries; henlis is darker, with a brownish tint, and with the mac- ulation not so distinct, but seems otherwise .so closely related that were it not for the dilVerences in the 3 antenna' I should not hesitate to n'ler them as iilentical. In j(wuli/eia the joints are muidi as in milKjothica, but the branched spines and serrations longer, while /*<;roiip I itlnl to III' iiidos, and OtluT SJH'- lotliini and H, and tliu . lie lias II tlu> liio- I'.iiK-e and Im'I'Ii ;^t'ii- «^ spi'cics. ilif. Till- p, llu^ tci- ppareiitl.v !t, tli(>ii;;li inj; sonie- i with the -the open se of the those of t sli«:litly :!ondaries reiiilorin k.v. ^Si(b- ward the ide with ve dusky the inac- liat were e to refer hHiithica, hejoiiits spiuules niitennal lie. all these UKVISIOX OF .Sl'HC'lKS (iK Till: GKM 8 AliKOTlS. Ill III synoiitie form the speeies stand — iifiiironii ilUtiiirtl> I'oii.sti'irtcil at iiildilli' ; M-<-(iiHlarii>H wliiU^ OMVIA. itriiiliinn liiiiatf, not (■tiiiNlricli-ii. Sfi'<)iin;;er n-.c riNic, .liimtis. l-'.')(t. Fileh, FiiNt and Seccnid Kept. In.s., N. Y., '.{14, pi. ;{, f. I, Ajrotia. ISr.i. Grt., Hnll". IJnII. i, ll'.i, .lijr(iti.i. I*^?!. Lintucr, F.iit. ('out. ill, Itil, Anniliii. IHH'i. liiley, Papilio ii, II, Aijroiin. Itisa. Saiind., Fruit Ins. :W8, f. :f-.'il, Ayrotix. jaiiilij'tra var., (Jn. IK')2. Cn., .Sp. (ien. Xoet. i, 'HVi, pi. v f. 4, Aorolit. If^oti. Wlk., C. IJ. Mils., Lep. Ilet. x,:W7, Ayrotis. imJ. Riley First Kept. Ins. Mo. &i, pl. 1, f. 11, Agrotia. iiai i«i' 112 Hl'LLKTIN :w, ITNITKIJ STATKS NATIONAL Ml'SEUM. *>: '«l r r 0 ( \rftX fJrt., HiilV. l»iill. I. '.•■.», i»r. m.vii. l~*l. Kilcv, Iiiilix to Mo. lti-|itM., .Vj, pr. Hj-n. H-<-.>. liiliy, I'iipilio II, 11, .\ijro\i». iliic) HI NVlk. I-*:^;. WIK.. ( . i;. Mms., L.|.. IFft. ix, ',»«):«, r,llia. MW. (Jri. ami Kol>., TraiiH. Am. Kill. Soi., n, 77, |ir. Hyn. I"^i;». Ilftliiiiic, Can. r.iit. I, h;, pr. syii. H-i'.». Hiill«r, Traiix, Km. Soc. Loml., :{77, \>r. h.vii. (rroiiiHl color ;;i-:iv, willi a smoky tiii;;e; ('0!st;il spa(H>, iiKMliiiii vein, iiitci'iial margin anla(;k spots, Ktron;;ly indenting the terminal space on veins ',i and I. Orldcidar of the same color as costal space; rcniform tli.M-oloi-ou.s, yellow, with a somewhat dark center. Second- aries pearly white, veins and outer marjiins smok lieneath, ])rim!i- ries Idackish, inner mar;;in pider; secondaries as anove. Collar with narrow alternately dark and paler lines; patagia- pale yellowish white, margined with smoky blannded with it. The white secondaries and generally paler color are alao character- istic. Feltia Jaculifera (in. l-.V,'. On.. S|>. Cell., N.Kt. I, iiti'i, AgroliH. IHC'J. IJil.'y. First Ki'pt. IiLs. Mo., 82 i. ii'J h, Aijrolia. l.<7:i. CJrt., nmr. Uull. i, Hl) =^ suhyothim. I8dl. Kilt'v, Imlcx to Mo. Ilcpts., .'iS = , right liaiul lig. triioxii l.int. 1874. Lint., Knf. Cont. ill, 159, Jf/ro/M. lH7r). Ilarv., IJutV. Hull, ill, .^ A;irotin. 18H'2, Kili'v, Pnpilio, ii, 44 -- var. stibgothica. 1883. Grt., Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. \XI, l.^O. an.sp. di-st. ? 1889. Bull., Trunii. Ent. Soc, Loud., 1H89, 377 = jaculifera, type. Till wlif vei a I si Till ent of CM. KKVISHiN OF SI'Kl'IKS OF TIIK OKNUS A(JUOi'lS. ii;{ [•diaii vein, with whilt; Mlian vein, >iisal dark Ihmi with a inirons, Imt of the same color as are tlie li;;lit siiades. There is i\ stron;; inltlish tint in primaries, and the sc-ondaries are entirely dnsky. Kxpands Xt-M' ; l.KUl.r»(l inches. IIaimtat. — Unitetl States east arated, the name would ordinarily be applied to the tricosa form. Tlie Texan form wlii«*ii I have i-allcd it(!, an. up. . lion., N'oit. I, *itW, AijiottH. 1H7:I. Grt., Burt. Hull, i, l»lt, \>i: m.vii. The ditferences in maciilation between this species and trirom are ditHciilt to detiiie, thou};;li the in.scirt is at a fiance separable, and iiii- doubteilly a distinct species. It is usually larjjcr, darker, somewhat purplish in color, the costa and orbi(;iilar often entirely concolorou.s. The reniforni varies from yellow to coneolorous with the pulcr parts of win},'s pale median «las!i always present, and reachinj^ the t. i>. line. Secondaries almost uniformly blackish. Expands 37-4(1"""; l.oO-l.(K) inches. IlAHlTAT.— With tricosa. As a whole this species is larger and somewhat more robust than the preceding. The structure of the i antenna is easily made out, and is the best character to distinguish it. The t. a. line in this as well as /Wc««rtditl'ers from that of .vM/>r/o//«jm in being oblitpie instead of straight across the space between median and submediaii veins. From j^ccfi- nicornis this species differs iyi tlic uutennal structure, as well as in the uuiform, darker color. 23045— No, m 6 .«):i-.| 114 miLi.KTiN :;8, unitkd statks national museum. r r c m d ■ Feltia pectiiiicornis up iiov. This spt'ci'^s is inleriiiediiito in iii)i»iMriiii(;e between Hulxjothiva and jaculi/era. In details of iiiaculatiou it is very Vilm jacu lift ra, while the coh)r is more like subtjotliiai ; IVoin both the antenna! structure separates it. On an averay;e it is siuailer than eitiier of its allies. Itla(!l-r- the dentations on veins .'J and l whit;ii characterize .suhfjolliiva, but lias the paler, striijate costal rejiion, and the black inarkinjis in the interspaces between veins li and ',>, '.'> and 4, and i and 5, extendin}*' from the median vein t«» the t. [). line. The claviforin is short, as xn javiillfcra. Thus far 1 have seen the species from Texas ouly. Feltia evaiiidalis (eci- the i are he $ are rounded. , and not the same precisely vestitnre 1 in well- inal crest er wind's Voia Hxib' gjtkica •\u\ allies, but the style (»f inaculation is entirely dillerent in most spt'cies, and they all have either the orbicular entirely complete or entirely obsolete. The costa is never paibd, but on the contrary, where there is any dilterence in general shade, the ;;'>«tal region is the darkest portion of the wing. Two well-defineii ,•>•■•■ bgroups are iudicate collections labeled oaneipennis. Indeed, Mr. Grote himself is not guiltless of some errors of this nature in col- lections. The type of aeneipennis is more evenly colored, with ob.s(d»'te maculation, and with much broader and nn)re lengthily bristled S an- tenna'-. Volithilis, of which nfisa is a synonym, also vari(^s greatly, some of its variations coining close to some forms of canvoHvervuHis, It IW III fill ■ CM] "11(1 t**| III ' ■m,"''"* r r c • 116 BULKTIN :W, TNlTEl) STATES NATIONAL MUSKUM. may be distingtiislii'd by the usually ovate, orbicular, and the strongly dentate s. t. line which is often wanting. In rancouvercnsis the s. t. line is lunate, but tolerably even and always traceable. The following table will illustrate the ditterencos : Male aiit 1 Aijrotia. Thora.K and i»riiiiaries .smoky bliicUish brown. Primaries with termi- ral s|>ace evenly yellowish or leather brown, Joining a broad band of similar color along inner margin. Ordinary spots distinct discolorous leather brown. Transverse li:ies indistinct geminate. T. a. line very strongly angidate. T. p. line lunulate, its c«)urse sinuate. Secoiularies fuscous with reddish or violet fringes. IJeneath, powdered with red- dish ; a common e.xtra tliscal line, and distiniit di.scal dot on each wing. Abdomen brownisli fuscous, autenme yellow. Kxpamls .'{l-.'M"""; 1.25-1.35 inches. IlAiJiTAT. — New Mexico. This species is so distinct that a lengthy description is unnecessiiry. The introduction and synoptic table give the ditterences froui other species. FM. REVISION or SI'KCIKS OF THE OENUS AGKOTLS. 117 le strongly •'is tlie s. t. •loroiiH, rcd- IIUCU.MDATA. vi'd ]iy i>iil('r .(iLADIAltlA. I uiiil vviiiti KNRHAItlUM. irrow. Sec- tiiuvis. . Cliivilbria UVKUKNSIS. J of J iiioro IN'KIPKNNIS. \vh«Ml JIH'H- VOLL'HIMS. 1". SfCOIKl- wli. Clavi- .. ANNKXA. cliiviforni MALKFIDA. itii terini- Inuid of S(!0l0l'0U8 lino voiy ondai'ics vitli red- cli wirii;:. 1^0088 iiry. )ni other Felcia gladiaria Morr. 1874. Morr., Pr. Host. Soc. N. H. xvii, KVi, Agrolis. lH7r>. Morr., Prop. Ac. Nat. Sci. IMiil., 1-^7.''., r.'.», .tgrotis. I8S0. (iroto, Hull. Oeol. ."^iirv. vi, Kl;}, .li/roiia. morrinoniana IJilcy. 1871. Ifiloy, I'r. Bout. Soc. N. H. xvri,'2-'r), .Igrotis. Irt7l. Morr., Pr. Host. Soc. N. H. xvii,'J14, Agroliit. Srnoky l)lii(;kisli fuscons, often paler; vein.s pale, most evi«lently so below the middle ; transverse lines iiulistinet ; t. a. line j>eminate, Innate ; t. p. line even, Innnlate; s. t. line even, pale, preceded l>y very distinct black sajjittate dashes. Claviform elongate, pale ringed; reniform very large, nsnally not entirely closed below, bnt entered by the pale dash along median vein Occasionally the spots are connected. IJe- neath evenly gray, distiiuit discal Innnles on eacu wing. Secondaries above lntely no perceptible dif ference between them. Feltia venerabilis Wlk. iHiVi. Wlk., C. It. Mum., Lop. Hct. x, :Wrt, .tijrolis. iiivallido Wlk. IK")(;. Wlk., C. n. Mils., Lcp. Hot. x, :?:tO, Aiirotis. l."^ii'.(. Grt. (111(1 Ivolt., 'rraiis. ,\iii. I']iit. Soc. ii, 7H, pr. Hyn. 1889. Hiitlor, Trans. Eiit. Soc. Loud. :!77, jir, hvm. Primaries fnscons brown, often densely siiriidded with grayscales; costal region bhurkish, a very narrow bhuikish teriniiiiil space, liinited by the very irregular and strongly denltites. t. line. Otlier transver.so lines ob.soleti^ ; cliiviform outlined ; reniforin (inely (UJtliiied, lillcd with the costal dark shade; orbicular sometimes not tra, Aymlis. 1875. (Jrt., Ciin. Eat. vii, iJ'>, J(/r«iil(iri:< (irt. 1870. Ort., l$uir. Hull. Ill, 81, Jgrolis. Color varyiiifi" from ciiriicoii.s gray to dark blackish brown. In the darker spcciiin'ii.s the (;oh>r is even, in the paler forni-s the co.stal re.">- 1. .'}.■» inches. llAHiTAT. — California. I have typical s[)ecimens of both the species, and have no doubt of their identity. Tlie i»ale form is (jraris, the dark form vapularis. A serii's of ten specimens completely fills the gap between the extremes and shows them to bo only variations. In structure they are identical. Feltia vaiicouverensis (, .Uirolit. I.ss-i. (iif., 111. Essay, iVJ, pi. 1, f. 10, Aiirnlk. Varies from leather brown to deep red brown, often strongly irrorate with giiiy or white scales. T. a. line obsolete; t. j). line single, crenn- late, of ii deeper shiule of brown tlnin ground color, outwardly curved at inception, then piirallel with outer niiirgin. S. t. line imlelinite, often imncliform, niiiiked usually by the somewhat diirker terminal space, iind a row of preceding siigittate dashes. A more or less defined me- dian shade cro.sses the wing somewhat beyond the middle. Olaviform always distinct, reaching nesir (o the middle of the wing; nsuidly out- lined and filled with bhick, but often only of a deeper sliiide of the ground color. Ordinary spots distinct, of ground color, defined by a whi spi] omj disi iiitl are ri cUil of CI'. ob> Mo tra M. REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGUOTIS. 119 I. In the lie costal not very liirj t. p. s. t. line 'liiviforin 1Ii'itx and i'SCiU Jiiie iloiibt of iris. A xtrenjes lentieai. rrorate erenu- eiirved 3, often si)ace, ed me- viforin l.y out- of the I by a whitish (never yellow) iumiiliitioii and by the darker, usnally blaek spaee filliiiji' the cell between. Median vein often with pale line. Sec- ondaries fnseons. lieneath i)owdery, with indclinite connnon line, and distinct diseal Innnle. The thoracic vestitnre is usually considerably intermixed with whitish haii'. Exi)ands a.~)-4<)""" ; 1.4()-1.<;() inches. Haiutat. — Vancouver, California, Colorado, Washington, TJtah. A decidedly variable species, the pale more unicolored forms of which are usually marked aciieipeiiii!s in collections. Tim ty]ni of vanco}(verensis is Iar>>e and fully marked ; that of .S6'»i^ clarnla smaller, and with the transverse markinjrs obsolete. A series of eiji'hteen s|)e('iinens proves the undoubted identity of the fornts. Clodiamx also is but a form of thisspocies with themaculations(»mewhat obscured. The fifjure in the illustrated essay is very i)oor. Horfulana Morr., is one of the forms allied to ((eiwipcnnis. To <,'ive. a better illus- tration of the forms, the orij^'inal devScrii>tion of eaith is reproduced." Agroiia vancouverensis CI rote. " 3 Lijiiit brown with pale shadiuii's. A very broad distinct basal dash, wideninj;' outwardly, extends into tln^ mediati space, apparently concealinjj; the claviform. T. a. line stronj;I.v dentate interiorly. Dis- eal spots set in the black tillinji' of th<' (!ell. Transverse jjosterior line unusually shar])ly denticulate; the pale sul)lei'minal line preceded by large cuneiforu) brown marks. An interrupted black terminal line on the margin; fringes light brown. Mind wing fuscous without mark- ings, save from the relh'ction of the bhurk and road on the secondaries. Thorax above brown with darker lines on the collar." " Expanse 4(»""". " IJAiUi'AT. — Vancouver's Island. "A rather large, broad- ■ inged specu's, allied to .1. obcliscoith's and A. r>cnc)'altilis, dill ri* g b,\ .he dentate and distinct transverse posterior line." (( iXpaii sc rt Aarotis liiirfi(l<(n(( Morr, Lengtli of body If) '. "Eves mdced. Antenna' '>f the male serrate, with the serrations pubescent. Front and vertex yellow brown, ("ollarwilli a biownctMi- tral line. Tlunax yellowish giay, with a dorsal divided tult. Abdo- men rouiuled, untufted ; the lateral tufts brownish. "Anterior wings uniform, faded yellow gray, with the ordinary mark- ings nearly obsolete; veins vi»'/,s'. llcneath the costal half of secondaries is fuscous, leaving the lower portion of the wing, including the border, pale; a spot and common line. Above the hind wings are fuscous and rather dark in both sexes. This species may be known by tne hind wings beneath being half pale, including the lower portion of the border, which is usually darker. The three species, (fravis, vaucoKVcrenxis, and semi- chtrata are neaily allied ; their eastern allies seem to be votubiUs, renrrahilis, and .stifjmosay The figure in the Illustrated Essay is very characteristic and recog- nizable, and renders determination easy. Butler says it is the 9 of vancouvcremis, but 1 have seen both sexe of the form. Agrotis chdiana Grt. " f its allies, lie, but not is fuscous. )ale ; a s;>ot ather dark Rs beneath r, which is and semi- i voluhih's, a?ul recog- ^ the 9 of REVISION OP SPECIKS OF THE GENUS AOROTIS. 121 al spines, thout the n, with a th a paler te, ringed blackish, «h line at s. Head L'r shade; ud wings )ably be- wn, with but yet Feltia aeneipeimis (irf. 187G. Grt., Hurt". Uiill. in, 81, AijrotiH. Leather brow!i, with all maculation subol)soU'te; but sp far as trace- able it is the same as in variconvcrcnsis. The clavitbrm, however, is barely traceable, and never forms a i>roniiuent feature in the specimen. The thoracic vestiture is somewhat less even and looser, but else I can lind no distinctive feature, except the form of antennae to separate this species. The joints of the S antenna, as compared with that of semi- Harata, are broader, shorter, serrate on botii sides, the serrations longer. The i genitalia are exactly as in semiclarata. Expands 37""" ; 1.50 inches. Habitat. — California; Washington. The great nuijority of specimens of aotcipeuuifi that are found in col lections are really pale forms of vnncourcrensis, and Mr. Grote himself never was quite sure of the limits of this species or of the forms he called vancouverensiH and nemiclarata ; nor indeed could he be so without closer comparison between them than could be made between single speci- mens, superficially examined. The National Museum collection contains a long series of specimens which I refer to this species. Many of them are bred, as are also niiiny specimens of vnncoiirereusift. When the larvie of these species are de- s(!ribed and the bred series closely studieti, other characters may bo f. Froiieli, Can. Ent. Xiv, 207, lile lli^s(^ll•y. IHH'J. IJuth-r, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lontl., lHatcli aloiis sta l»eyoiid middle and lower half of basal space darker; veins marked with blackish ; trans- verse lines ob.soletely indicated, and so far as traceable very irregular. S. t. line moderately well marked pale, close to margin niarkeeneatli prinjaries powdery, secondaries rndescent. Expands ;i7-4t"""; IM-lMi inches. IlAniTAT. — New York, south and west to California, Texas, Cuba. Not an uncommon species, and with nialejuht easily distinct from all the preceding by the white secondaries, t'le general habitus and the form of the S genitalia. From vialejida it is distinguished by tlie small ordinary spots connected by a neat black dash. I have taken this species on Long Islaiul,but do not know of its occurrence farther north. It is not included in the lists in Lintner's Entomological Contributions; it extends west, however, to the Pacitic coast and south to Cuba and into South America. The larval history has bt.en elsewhere referred to in economic publications, but these I have not cited. Mr. liutler cites A. anteposita Gn., and A. dcccrncnii Wlk., as syn- onyms to this species. Fcltia malefida Gii. 1K^•2. On., Sp. Gon. Noet. I, 'Xu, Agrolis. ls^.'.(!. Wlk., C. I?. MnH. Lt'p. Hot. x, :'.J8, AgroliH. ls7."i. Ilarv., I$nfl'. Hnll. in, r>, Agrotin. Pale clay yellow, with a strong admixture of pale gray scales; costal region and terminal si)acc darker; veins marked with black scales. Transverse lines irregular and indetinite. T. a. line geminate, with a strong inward angulation on submedian vein ; t. \>. line crenulate, with a single even outward curve, situated unusually near the outer margin; s. t. line narrow, feebly marked, strongly dentate, so near the outer margin that some of the teeth touch it, thus interrupting the IM. REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AOROTIS. 123 lark 8peci- ver wiiif;e«l emiclaratn. his species iiiddle and sli ; traiis- irrejjiilar. liked widi icted by a traceable. 'i uuterior I, Cub.a. t from all and the the small iken this ler north, ibutions; Cuba and 'ferred to , as syn- ; costal IV scales, e, with a renulate, he outer near the )(ing the narrow terminal space. (JIavit'orm distinct beyond the t. a. line, large, (lark. ()rl>icular eloufjate, bottle shaped, outlined and (tentered with blackish. Ityniform laij,^', outlined with black and almost tilled with smoky brown. Secondaries dean white, marjiins and veins sonietimea more or less evidently dusky; beneath as in anne.va. Thorax coiuiolor- oils with primaries, pata;;ia! strongly irrorate with gray; collar blackish, with a distin(;t black line. Expands 10-11"""; LCJO-l.To inort. Genus POROSAGROTIS Sinitli. All the tibia si)inose, armature of anterior i)air very heavy. Front somewhat bulging, tnberculate, and jutted. Antenna of i serrate and bristle of (htnmules. The second subgroup is distinguislied by liiiving tlie i anteniiif fihortly bipectinate, the braiuihes ciliate. The fringes of secondaries are unusually h)ng — this eliaraeter most evident in tlie S — and tiie ntaeuhition is much more completely noetuiform than in the ]>receding subgroup. The ordinary spots are well detiiuMl and the transverse lin<'s are always evident. Three species may with certainty be referred here. Of these fnacn is most aberrant ; its large si^.e, tlu^ uniform fuscous color, and the simple t. p. line and completely defined ordinary spots serve to at once distinguish it. JiHeyana is distinguished by the uniform color, the upright t. a. line, the unusually short obtuse primaries, and the very heavy tibial arn)a- ture, the latter recalling tSchiHiUj while the maculation much resembles that of catenula. Orthogonia is remarkable for the neat and complete maci.lation, and this is the only species in which the daviform is distinct. Dollii is a i)retty species, with (tonfused maculation, the color being a dark gray in the median and terminal space aiul fusco-luteous else- where. The orbicular is elongate, at once sei)arating this s|)ecie8 from all the preceding. The ai)ices of primaries are also more produced than in any other species of the group. The other species, jnilleri aiul pluralis, which I have referred here, are known to mo only in the 9 sex, so that the reference to this group is based upon superficial characters 'ippareutly allying them to doUii. 1 believe the 3 will be found to have the clasper peculiar to the group as well as pectinate antenna' of this section. MiUcri is easily distinguished by the dark gray color, white ordinary spots, and two pink longitudinal shades; the one below median vein, the other beyond reniform. The orbicular is bottle shaped, the small end resting on the t. a. line. Pluralis is also unique in coloration. The margin of primaries is gray, the disc luteous, and the cell fuscous. The orbicular is subquad- rate. 8YNOI-SIS or sricciKS. Color uniform; ordiiiiuy sixits indi'linitti; :ular roiiiul. C'dldf t'lisi'diin; chiviforiii Hiiiiill ; liiifrt distuict ; t. a. very small, ciirvi'd lii'twfi'ii VcllllH KI'SfA. Color piili- Iiitfoiis; iliivji'oiiii waiitiii;^ iui.kyana. Color darkt'r; cliivitoriii very diHtiiictly marked oiM iioiioMA. Orbicular tdoiij^att', oval ; traiisviTse liiu-M liiit% irifyiilur ; inaiiilatiKii tciiiCuNcdly Ki'iiy over lilt COILS imh.i.ii. Orluciilar hottlr Hliaiicd ; Hiihiiicdiaii and Hiibaidcal Nliadt^ ])iiik Mii.LK.iii. Orbicular quadralc; I'i'iiiform coiiNtrictfd ; iiiar};in ^ray ; di.sc liitcoiis; color darker; vi-iuh white ri.UUAl.ls. Forosagrotis muraenula Grt. and Kub. IrtGH. G. &. li., TraiiM. Am. Kiit. Soc. i, :t,VJ, Ayiotin. IHIIit. Hctli., Can. Kilt. 1, f^C, Atirotin. 1875. llarv., Hull'. Hull, iii, "li, pi. ;!, f. ;{, Aijrotis. t vetuHla Wlk. 185G. Wlk., C. B. Mus., I^'p. Met. ix, 7-i, Mylliiiniia. Ifjfi. (jlrt.. 111. Essay, 11, ? pr. syn. Even, powdery ash graj*; ordinary spots indefinite, blaekish ; t. a. line indicated by costal si)ot8 only ; t. p. line panctiforin and very indi.s- tinct; the points vennlar and very small ; a terminal row of triangular black spots; secondaries clear white, outwardly somewhat powderetl with black; beneath white, powdery; primaries somewhat darker. Expands 37-40""", l.oO-i.tiO inches. Habitat. — Canada ; United States, west to the Mi.ssi.ssippi, south to' Georgia. This species is not uncommon and is very easily distin{j;uished by its bright color and almost entire lack of niaculation. 1 have taken in on golden rod in September during the day. Mr. Grote in commenting on Mr. Walker's species says the type is a white Af/rotin very much rubbed and scarcely recognizable. Should the suggestion that it is the same as mnracnnhi prove well founded, vetusta must, 1 aui afraid, be used for this species. Forosagrotis catenula (irt. 1879. Grt., North Am. Ent. i, 41, Aots very indetinite, blackish; t. a. line evident though not very distinct, single with three outward curves, that below vein 1 widest; t. p. line nearly parallel with outer margin, strongly crenulate, tending to become puncti- form ; a distinct black dot preceded by a clear white ilot marking each vein; a row of terminal lunnles; secondaries white, sometimes with smoky outer border; beneath white; primaries blackish on disc. Expands 31-39""", l.LTi-l.S") inches. Habitat. — Colorado, Montana, New Mexico. Closely allied to muraenula, from which, however, it differs in the yellowish tint to primaries and the well-marked transverse lines; It is undoubtedly the western representative of that species and may possi- iiii* 1 1 1 J ""^ llliM'*! iliffiaj iiii**' Hi • 1.1 ■ lli|B.-f.| 12G IJLLLKTIN :!S, INITKU .STATIvS NATIONAL MI'8i:iIM. hly, wIh'ii tin* iiitiTveiiin;; teiritoiw is fully exitloitMl, prDvr a Viiiii'ly. Till' raii^^t' of siz«' in tin- spi'cit's is iiniisiial. JSpftMiiu'iis of both mHtdfnida aiid calcnitia syeii siiicu tlit' jil»ove was wnttt'ii iucri'iise lUc probability that they are varieties of the saiiic species. Porosagrotis obcsula Stuitli. 1H)!)7. Sinitli, Pnir. I'. fS. Xat. Mim., x, •l.'.r., .tyrolix. Katlier dark yrllowish jjray, irrej;iilarly mottled with darker l"iis<'oiis points and slmrt lines; onlinary spots very indclinite tlusky, liiscon>; a fuscous subapical patch initiatiuj^ the puncUforni s. t. line. Trans- verse lines distinct, i»uncliforni interiu|ited. T, a. line upright, cnrvtd between veins. I'.asal line distinct, geminate. 'J', p. line crennlate l»arallel with outer margin. S. t. line punctiform, even luscous. Ter- ndnal space more densely irrorate with dark atoms. Secondaries white. Iteneath, wiiite, powdery, disc of primaries darker; a common darker extra discal line distiiu^t only near anterior margin of secondaries but entirely cntssing luinmries. Expands oiS"": l.."» inches. Habitat.— Montana. The 3 antenna' are unusually thick, the body nduist, head broad, primaries obtuse. As a whole this species strikes one as being the most plump «>f the entire grouii. A single .specimen o''^v is thus far known. IJeceived Injm iJev. George 1). llnls;. A.. - 'tis satleiis Kmitli. Id'JO. .Siiiitli, Trans. Am. Lnt. fSoc, xvii, I'jioti^. General color luteous gray, palpi brown at sides, head and thorax else immaculate. Primaries black powdered, iirorate, the onlinary nnundation confused and iiKlefinite. Basal line black, intermitted, geminate, always marke(l oii costa at least. T. a. line marked by a gennnate black costal dot nwl very indeliuite below ihis, but as a whole outwardly oblique. T. j>. hie geminate, inner line crennlate, not very well marked, outer line a series of venular dots variably distinct; as a whole its cour.se very even. Beyond its middle the s. t. space begins to ilark.'U to the outer margin, the terminal space being much darker than ground color, almost blackish; through this dark si)ace the s. t. line is distinct as a series of large jiale si>ots not much juiler than ordi- nary ground color. A series of black terminal spots. A vague indica- tion of a basal dash. Claviform moderate, coucolorous, black marked but not completely defined. Orbicular oval, elongate, (piite variable in size, black marked, then with a pale annulus, center concoU rous or very little darker than ground color. Kenilbrm large, kidney-shaped, very indefinitely and quite incompletely outlined; coucolorous. In some j?])ecimens the cell is distinctly black before orbicular and be- tween tUat ftud the reniforui. Secondaries in tU« f « tlio curvti nearly touches tlu. t. p. line. T. p. line much as usual ; out- wardly curved over the cell and slightly sinuate or entirely straight below. S. t. line sinuate, marked by a series of preceding sagittate dashes. Clavilbrni sl>i)rt, narrow, dusky ; orbictilar usually small, round, neatlyoutlined with black, concolorous ; renitbrm lunate,du8ky,outlined in black. Secondaries f'iscous. IJeneath fuscous, with iudetinite line and iliscal dot. Head ami thorax concolorous ; vestiture hairy. i"LK|)ands 'M- ;(»""" ; 1.5-l.U inches. 1 1 A IJITAT.— Labra«lor. An aberrant species to refer to this group, but which will lit in nowhere else. It. is perhaps entitled to a subgroup, including it alone. With its structural peculiarities the color is unique. The $ clasper is practically like this group, but somewhat shorter and rather more robast. The whole .ippeaiance is more heavy or robust than any other species, and the primaries are wider. The 9 differs in the greater proximity of the tranverse lines and in having the orbicular larger. Forosagiotis woitliiiigtoni (>rt. IHHO. (irt., Norlli Am. Knt., i, ;tt, AiiriHin. " Male antenna' bipectinate ; eyes naked, all the tibia' spinose. Size UKulerate, ornamentation simple, color pale mouse ijray. Thorax shaded with brownish. Anterior line faint, single, marked with black dots on the veins. Clavifoi-m abseiit, orbicular a small black ringlet or dot, reniform upright, narrow, moderate, pale yellowish with interior black line, situated near posterior line. The latter single, blackish, nearly perpenilicu'ar, distinctly marked by black oints 1 broken terminal tots and contrast- s, merely isual line r. Noth- fined but irge, kid- upright, llel with IVrniinal space slightly clouded with dusky. Secomlaries white. Beneath all wings with discal luiiuU', primaries dusky. T. p. line faintly repro- duced. Secondaries wiiite. Ivxpands .{l-IU"""; l.'jr)-l.;i5 inches. JilAiU'i'A 1'. — Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, New Mexico. A peculiar species in many respects; the ^ antenna' are pectinate rather tlian serrate, the pectinations ciliate. The primaties are ratiu-r shorter more obtuse tlian usual, the fringes of scitondaries longer; the front is less ro>ighencd than in the other species of the groiip, and the anterior tibi.e are uiuisually heavily arnu'd at ti|>. As a whole the Ilcliothiil type is very strongly markt-d in this species and it is not at all improbable that with sullicient material at hand its nearest allies will be found to be Anfhoeuf )iohUis and pndiartUi. The fore tibia' are short and broad and have two heavy claws at iniu'r side of tip an»l a series of live or six heavy daw-like spines outwardly. The sjiecies is left here rather for present convenience than from any conviction that it belongs where [daced. Porosagrotis orthogoiiia Morr. 187(!. MoiT., I'roc. !{i)8t. Sue. N. II., xviii, •,':!'.», lyroliii. Luteous gray; basal and s. t. spaces jtah-r; all the lines and spots v/ell marked. Itasal line evident, marked with whiteoutwardly ; t. a. line in- wardly beiil on costa, straight ti)vein 1, then r.utwardly curved to hind margin ; the liiu' marked inwardly with white. T. p. line even or but slightly lunate between veins outwanlly marked with wliite; outwardly (Mirved over cell, and inwardly sinuate to hind maigiii. S. t. line dis- tinct whiti, irregular, piominently dentate on veins ."} and 4. All the veins moic or less evidently maruetl with white. Claviform distinct, coiU!olorous outlined in black, reaching to middle of median space. Orbicular large, roui >i, paler, 'entc'.d with (i;M'ker siiales. Iienil''>ini large uprigiit centered witli rather bli'ish orsnxtky bla<*k scales. Head an -'■■■* 1 :: !i.i 130 IJULLETIN ;J8, UMIKD STATES NATIONAL MlJ.SEl'M. ft.--* M t '" space, aiul the luteous basal atul s. t. space. Terminal space like iiiediaii space. T. a. line very irregularly anj^nlate, a lony tooth on vein L*, constricting median space. T. i>. line irregularly dentate, \\< course sinuate. S. t. lino traced by a series of bulf cuneilbrni sjmts, and the sliglitly contrasting terminal space. Ordinary spots indefinite ; orbicular elongate, marked with white scales, centered with gray ; reni form upright, hardly lunate, and somewhat constricted, inferiorly marked with white. Thorax and. head like primaries. Secondaries white. Beneath powdery; secondaries white, primari(!s somewhat dusky. Expands 37"""; 1.5 inches. IlAjJiTAT. — Arizona. This very pretty species is readily recognized by its irregularly mot- tled appearance, which it is very dillicult to describe. Htruiitiirally it is as Mr. Grote suggests very close to- rileyana; t\n'. S ant- imls -wo. pectinate and ciliate, the fringes are unusually long, and tlif i'»r.; tsl-i;/ are very heavily armed, though not so formidably as in the allieu .■.iM>< ies. Forosagrotis miller! Gil. 187'). Grt., null'. Bull., iii, 7S, pi. 4, f. 4, Jyrolis. Gray: from the base outwardly over theclaviform, across the median space runs a pmk shade; beyond the reniform is a similar shading. S. t. space largely whitish before the irregular black s. t. line. Distinctly marked; lines single, black, denticulate; t. a. line with a single deeper inward intiection below submedian fold. Claviform large, distinctly outlined; orbicular funnel-shaped, the narrow portion reaching t. a. line; reniform narrow, elongate, lunate; all the spots whitish with distinct black anhuli. Secondaries fuscous, fringes white. Reneath, white over fuscous; a common black shade line marked on the veins of the secondaries. Thorax and head, gray; collar with a dark line; patngi.e marked with piidc. Expands 37""" ; 1.5 inches. IlAniTAT. — Sierra Nevada, California. The type from Mr, Edwards' collection only examined. Unfortunately this is a 9 , so the position assigned the species is liable to change. I believe the ';?ale:i, and Mr. Edwanls' collection is at prea- cut inaccessible. i k M. space like ; tooth oil lentate, i\< H'ln spots, iiKleliiiite ; ;'ray ; w\u inf'eriorly ecoiularit's somewhat ihiily mot- letiinlly it t- IMl.i ■UC 3U «pe( !es. ho median iuliii}?. S. Distinctly Sle deeper distinctly uft. a. line; h distinct th, white ins of tlie ; patasi.e itnnately lanj'e. 1 inate an- t A f/ rot is. )me nuni- Natioiml lot know s at prea- I I'. KEVISION OF SPIX'IES OF THE GENUS AGltOTIS Porosagrotis pluralis (irt. 131 187f^. Grt., Hull. Geol. Siirv., iv, 174, Jtjrotis. 1880. Git., Bull. Geol. Siirv., VI, 144, Ayrotis, 1882. Grt., 111. Essay, 55, pi. 2, f. IG, Agrotis. Gray, the middle portion of primaries sntt'used with yellow ocherous. Transverse lines barely traceable, very slightly paler than the sjiace through which they pass. S. t. line distinct, pale, inwardly shaded with fuscous, two evident teeth on veins '6 and 4. A slightly paler ai)ical patch. All the veins more or less evidently nuuked with white, veins 3 and •! and tJ and 7 unusually distinctly so. The cell excei)t or- dinary spots and a shade over veins li, 3, and 4, fuscous. Orbicular pale, moderate in size, somewhat oblique. Keniform upright, constricted at middle, and interiorly dilated; annulate with white, the center dark gray. Secondaries smoky, paler at base. Ueneath, powdery white; disc of primaries more dusky. Head and thorax gray mixed with black- ish, margins of patagiie yellowish buff. Expands 37 " " " ; 1.5 inches. Habitat.— Nevada. The 9 type from L)r. Bailey's collection is the on!y spe<;iinen exam- ined, and the place assigned to the species is therefore liable to be erroneous. The general habitus of the species seems to place it here, ami I think that the $ when discovered will have pectinate antenna'. OenuB CARNEADES (irt. Fore tibiie strongly spinose, with longer lateral spines at tip, which is somewhat broadened. Front of head rough, tuberculate, with usually a central depression. Palpi distinct, normally developed, reaching to about middle of front. Antenme in the male with the joints marked aterally with tufts of bristly hair; in the female simple with single hortciliations,8ometin>es scarcely pubescent. Wings trigonate, ajjices iiur ked but not prominent, outer nuirgin oblique, rarely rounded save '.. tlw quadiidentata series. Harpesofthe S oblong with oblique ti[> which is inwardly set with a series of spinnles. Clasper bifurcate, the forks varying in proportion. The strong distinctive feature of the genus is in the last character — the forked clasper of the male genitalia. In all other characters it agrees perfectly with that section of Poroxayrotis of which muraennlalH the type. The series with this character {VJnstitutes by far the most numerous group of the genus Afjrotis auct. The gieater proportion of the species are western, and the greater part of the western Aijrotid fauna belongs to this genus. In structural characters and somewhat h\ habitus tne resemblance to the Ileliothina' is marked. It is a fact of very great interest that this faumi of the far west should so preponder ate in species which have the heavy tibial armature and moditied frontal structure. Besides cuutaining very much the greater number of species, the 'N"5;li ilHiM 132 lULLETIN :J8, UNITED STATKS NATIONAL MUSEUM. 1^' M'tl f * species are also most closely allied. The larjje degree of ui;il"oriinty in genital structure robs us of one of our safest and most certain guides, while the extreme range of variation in many of the forms makes the limitation of species diflicult. It is in this series, too, that constant additions are being made to the species. Scarcely a collection reaches my hands that does not contain some nnirkedly distiiu't species, an«l our work of a monographic nature must remain partly tentative until the western region has been so thoroughly exploreil that the additions are not so (ionstant. In adopting the generic term CurncadvH I have coiisidted convenience and merit more than [triority. Mr. Grote in this case recognized the frontal struc»^ure as differing from Agrotis, but he Wiis evidently igno- rant of how 1' •" si)ecies agreed with Jiis generic type in this respect. His earlier gi' 'Jucoptocnemis foi\fi^iibriaris, I have not usd because I am not sure tur usect really belongs here. 1 have seen it but never had a chance to study it. 1 know positively that many of the exotic and I'iUropean species must fiml a place in this same series, but have not been able to apply the generic terms which exist in abunroved dillicult of sub- division, since 1 was reduced to characters t)f nniculation and colora- tion. Some little i.itelligence and care will therefore have to be applied in referring some of the sjjecies to their respective series. First in the line I place a small group of which wilsonii is typical. It ditfers from all the others in the longer wings and depressed costal margin. The appearance is somewhat like the auxilliaris series from which tJie structural characters well separate it. Following this is the group quadndeniata, which is characterized by the name of its type. Veins 3 and 4 and (» and 7 are marked with white, and strongly iiulent the s. t. line, the spurs usually attaining the outer margin. The feature is a distinctive one ami theie is oidy one species in which there is room for doubt as to its reference here. The species are nt)t very well sei)arated and there uuiy be njore or less than 1 have imlicated. Group pitiichrons differs by the general iudetiniteness of nniculation. Sonu'itimes the color is uniform, sometimes the lines are wanting, and sometimes the lines are indicated or even fairly distinct, and the ordi nary spots are vague and indefinite. The median shade line is never jiresent, ami the cell is never black tilled. Most of the species are rtsnlily referred here, and only a few, which will be more particularly referred to hereafter, are liable to cause doubt. Messoria is typical of another group, all the members of which have the median shade line evident. The cell is never distinctly black tilled, ami the lines are sometimes the onl^' definite feature of nniculation. Some of the species here, which vary in the line of an obsolescence of UJU(5ulatiou, may create dcubt with a- small uuwbor of specimeus, but I. brill ity in ill guides, lakes the constant n reaches Hiies, anil 'until the itioiis are ivenience iiized the itly igno- i respect. \ because )ut never le exotic but have (lance to enibhige, t of sub- (l coloni- c ai)[»lied ' typical. 'd costal ies from rized by ied with niiig the anly one le. The L'ss than iulation. ng, and le ordi s never ties are icularly h have k liUed, lation. Biice of U8, but REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE CiENHS AfiROTIS. ms can in all cases be correctly referred with a suHicient material. I-'inally come those species of which icsselluta is typical, and wiiicli agree in always having the cell dark or black filled in well-marked specimens. The transverse lines may be present or absent, 'but the ordinary si)ota are always outlined in part, at least, by the intermediate black or dusky shade. The description of each group is very fully given and excei>tional characters are noted. I have left the full c,hara(!terization to each, even at the risk of some repetition, as 1 considered it well to have each capable of standing alone. The synopsis of genera and groups renders another table unneces- sary. Group WILSONII. Anterior tibial spinose, rather heavily armed at tip. Front promi- nent, tuberculate, rough. Antenme 3 serrate and bristled, of the same type as in allied groups. Thorax quadrate with indelinite, iiicoiisi)icu- ous tuftings. Primaries moderate, costa dei)ressed, sligiitly (!oncave, ai)ices produced. This feature of the primaries is peculiar to the species of this group. The genitalia of the i have Iheharpes short and rather broad, the clasper bifurcate, the tines subefpial and reaching almost to the tip of tiie harpes. The inferior branch of the fork is straight, regularly tajter- iiig to an aeute point; the upper is more equal, slightly cturved and not acute at tip. Two species only belong to this group, closely allied, but yet easily separated. Wilsouii is a pretty, brightly marked species with pale ordinary spots and distinctly paler yellow or red s. t. space ; the t. \\. line is distinct; the s. t. line not market!. Lavnnma is closely allied, but darker, much more eveidy colored. The t. p. line is obsolete; but the a. t. line is distinct preceded by black sagittate dashes. Nothing is known of the early stages of the species. In maculation and habitus this series is intermediate lu'lween the iliKtth-iileutdtii and tf.s.srilatd groups, and resembles moic i)arti('ulaily the ocliro. Hpcfiiilin (irt. IHTI. (ill,,, Hull. Hull., li,Cr.', .Infolis. IfH'i. ({It., Ill, EH,sii,\, .'.I, 1)1. V', f. 14, .liiroth. Fusco luteous to bright red of various intensity; costa to apex, n . :•• row inner margin, and s. t. spac(^ paler luteous. Ilasal line marked in cell, white, margined each side with a blackish shade. T. a. geminate, 111""-' II ■■ ,r;;«i IT' III' 0^ , nifti M 1 f; 134 lUILLKTIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. imn-. ■^ r i*ll|| r am m- •^iill € '11 0- • '^ti 0''" i upright, siiiuiitc, not reaching costa; incliuled space wliitisli. T .p. lino liinuliite, interrnpted, single; .sliari)ly defining the paler s. t. space, its course inwardly obli(iue even, hardly curved over cell. S. t. line not defined ; marked only bj'the contrast in color between terminal and s. t. space. This outline is very irregular; the terminal shade sends in a broad angulation opposite the cell, is much narrowed on veii.s ."i and 4^ and again broader to hind margin. Claviform concolorous, narrowly outlined in black, short and rather broad. Ordinary spots well defined, narrowly annulate with white, centered with pale yellowish. Orbicular irregularly ovate ; reniform normal. Secondaries yellowish fuscous. Ueneath white, ]»owdery ; primaries with disk smoky; all wings with dusky discal lunule. Head and thorax concolorous ; collar inferiorly whitish yellow. Expands 37-44'""' ; 1.5-1.75 inches. 1 1 ABIT AT. — California. A pretty an«l well defined species with no peculiarities, not already enumerated ; it varies from luteous to bright red brown, the latter being typical of spccialis. Mr. Edwards' collection shows both forms. The antennal difference noted by Mr. Grote exists in terms only. Wihonii e(|ually has " tufts of bristles on the joints" and at the same time both forms have them " brush like." The U. S. Museum collection contains a very pretty series of this species showing the very wide range of variation in ground color. S(;arcely two specimens are entirely alike, and yet the characteiistic appearance of tho species io so marked that no mistake is possible in its recognition. Carneades lacmiosa Grt. 1878. Grt., Bull. Geol. Siirv., iv, 72, Agrotia. Fuso luteous, sordid ; cell darker, shaded with blackish, costa very slightly paler. A darker longitudinal basal shade crossed by the nar- row basal line and limited outwardly by the t. a. line. This latter as in icUxonii, but less distinct. T. p. line very faintly indicated, obso- letely geminate; its course as in wilsonii. S. t. line distinct narrow, ])ale, limiting the somewhat darker terminal space ; preceded by a row of sagittate black spots, its course sinuate, not greatly divergent at any ])art of its course. Ordinary spots essentially as in icilsonii, but not so contrasting, the center being almost concolorous. Secondaries and underside as in wilsonii. Expands 35-;i0""" ; 1.40-1.50 inches. II AniTA'i".— California. With essentially the same maculation this si)ecies is yet very distinct from inlsonii by the obsolete t. p. line and well marked s. t. line. The collar is concolorous, l)ut is crossed by a dark lino. The species is cred- ited to Mr. IMorrison in lists, but I can not find that he ever described it. Mr. Grote's description above cited is the first appearance of the species in literature so far as I know, and he should be credited with it. REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGROTIS. 135 Tlie - Carneades aequalis Ilarv. 187(!. Harv., Can. Eiit., viii, ;J0, AiiroUs. " 9 . Allied to Wilsonii and especially resembling some of the varie- ties of that species, but distinguishable by the s. t. line not beinf; twice more i)rominently indented, but pale, dentate throuyhout its lenj^th, and by the concolorous terminal space and larger stigmata. Iloary olivaceous fuscous witli a tinge of brown ; <;laviform indicated; orbicu- lar large, irregularly elongate; reniform wide ; cell shaded with brown. T. p. line geminate, regularly lunulate. Fringes brown discolorous. Hind wings fuscous, deei)ening in tint outwardly, with pale, faintly in- terlined fringes and long, narrow discal streak ; beneath whitish, irro- rate on costal region, with faint terminal shade and|)reciate(l the upper uly of the iQ the de- ls in this too much iiictory in tiie color I the lirst vv or yel- ^ tlie sec- lier <;ray nail size, the (!()n- 'Ht relief, luit less Ih'irtions i1!I1)K\ tATA. Collar concolorous, a tlistinet white line crossin;; I borax bebiinl cullar, MVKII.INKA. Orbicular oblonfj. Ordinary spots fused, orhienhir not oblifpie, abdomen normal iNsi:iirANS. Ordinary spots not fiisixl, orbicular obliijue, abdomen short, conic, lUtKVIl'KXNIS. Secondaries dusky, primaries darker. Orbicular narrow, obliipie, open superiorly. Ordinary spots concolorous, relieved by black (illinjf of coll ; t. )>. line obsolete, oiu.()\(iisri(i>i ;|:iui»| .IiMm I ItU' 'W at iW .. '-m lire- « oil 138 BULLETIN ;W, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM, J f ■ 1 I I I »■■• I v-V Ordinar.v spots oiitliiuMl in lil.u^k, iiiiniiliitii with wliito; t. j). liiif i>uii(tif'Tiii and Honiowhiit irrt!y;iiliir ; Bccoixlurifs wliiti.sli i"LA(il(iKi colors yellowish. Collar eoncolorons ; thoracic tuft yellow ; apices of primaries rectanfjnlar, I'l.AVlDKNS. C(dlar yellow infcriorly ; thoracic tuft concolorons ; apices of primaries rounded I'l.AVicoi.i.is. Collar white interiorly, limited l>y a hlaek line; size very larj^e; pale colors sull'used with reddish or lilac, very hri;;lit; apices of primaries somewhat l)roduced I'KKKXcki.i.kns. Carneades recula Harv. 1876. Harv., Cin. Ent., viii, :(7, Aijrotis. Deep smoky brown ; costal and snbmediaii spaces, inner margin at base, a subapieal patch and ordinary spots yellow. S. t. line distinct, yellowish, indented as usual by the four pale streaks, and nuirked inwardly by black cuneiform dashes. Secondaries white. Beneath white. Head and inferior half of collar white or creamy. Thorax luteous, intermixed with both black and white hair and scales. Ab- domen yellowish wiiite. Expands 25""" ; 1 inch. IIAIUTAT.— Oregon. This small and very distinc species ia recognized by the contrast in color of primaries. It must be very pretty when perfect; but all the known spe<;imens iiie rubbeKiilar, l"I,.\VII>KNS, ' priiiiiirics AVICOI.I.IS. |>:ilo coloiH i HOIIK'Wllilt iiargiii at distinct, iiiiirked Beneath Thorax es. Ab- itrast in all the 1 the ex- scales ; interior 'u spots p. line tended e dark. 4; ont- V of lu- niedian thorax d color is con- Drbicu- REVISION OF HPEriKS OF THE GENUS ACROTIS. i;59 lar, constricted reniforni, and unnsnall.v distinct and even s. t. lino are cliaracteristic, however, anoints seems useless, and oidy points of ditference will be given. Th«i size is greater, the color darker, the yellow on costa and veins replaced by white, else by reddish. The collar and patagia- an^ concolorous, but there is a while stripe crossing the thorax just behlii-.3S""" ; 1.4r)-l..")0 inches. Habitat. — California, Colorad<», Nevada. A very peculiar species, recognizable by its burly form and un- nsually short abdomen. The head too is somewhat retracted, but in other respects it does not differ from the other species with which we hii replaced it. There are several specimens in the collection of the U. S. National Museum, taken by Mr. Bruce in Colorado. a rol tlie opeil icdj smol ondil marl iq II Til it; j;roi1 Carneades oblongistigma Smith. 1887. Smith, I'ror. U. S. Nat. Muh., x, 4.'>4, Ayrolh. Ground color an even, very dark gray or dirty fuscous. Cell before and between ordinary spot.s, bla<;kisli ; a blackish ba.sal dash ; terminal space darker; claviform Hiled with blackisli. Transverse lines obso- lete; s. t. line concolorous, u)arked by the dark<'r terminal space, and ;UM. UKVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AQKOTIS, 141 tlifi median single loop iiiiite costiil |)-Iike clu i. pots, whicli )i inches. IJauitat.— Montana, Black Hills. This species recalls idalnwusis, and is indeed very closely allied to it; dittoriu}^ obviously, however, by the dentations typical of this Kioup. Cariieades plagigera Mi>rr. 1874. Morr., I'roc. HonI. Sur. N. H. xvii, Hi;! .tyroiiH. 187,'), MoiT., I'roc. Ac. Nut. Sci. Phil., 1H7'», ."i" .lijrotin. Smoky fu.scous, stronj^ly ii'forate with white, ('ostal rejjion strongly marked with white scales, as is also the inner margin and thes. t. space ; a white apical patch. Transverse lines u»t well markeices of primaries well distin/ruish this species from all others and may iiulicate ti: > t its allies are elsewhere. Carneades perexcelle d(jirt. 1880. (Jrt., Hull (Judl. Siirv,, vi, I'K!, Agrolis. e.rccUviin (!rf. 1875. (irt., TraiiH. Am. Eiit. S( c, v, ll.">, .hjrutin. 1880. Urt., Iliill.CJeol. Surv., VI, loC), ii. b. I. dovilin Grt. 1880. Grt., Hull. Gfol. Surv., vi, 'AV.t, Agrotit. Blackish fuscous; costa, internal margin, a variably broad sub- median dash and s. t. space gray, reddish, yellow, or lilac, all the colors very bright and clean. Apical patch always somewhat bluish white ordinary spots pale ; white more or less irrorate with yellowish ; orbic- ular oblique, moderate in size, irregularly ovate; reniform lunate, "3 ll||tMi)| ' II u< ^ .1* iW ■ l|.fS! 5 ml ■ if 144 lULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. .■»i ■ I I - I' I 8omotimo8 narrow, sometimes broad, kidney-sliaped. Claviform mod- erate, outlined and sometimes lilled with black. T. a. line geminate; included space pale; obsolete on costa, au^'ulato between veins. T. ]). line crenulate, course iis usual except that in some specimens it is more iiuuirved beneath cell. S. t. line usually very distinct, white or yellow, sometimes interrupted, always dentate on veins 3 and 4, and always preceded by a row of black sagittate spots. Cell before, be- tween, ami beyond ordinary spots to t. p. line black. A basal black mark. Secondaries pale fuscous. Beneath, variable, powdery, with a common line and discal lunule. Head and thorax concolorous, more or less mixed with whatever the pale color of primaries may be. Collar inferiorlj' also i)ale, limited above by a black line. Expands 45-J50""" ; 1.80-2 inches. Habitat. — Colorado, Oregon, Vancouver, California. A remarkably pretty and well-marked species, very variable in color. Dovilis is based on a large specimen in which lilac predominates. The line series before me proves its identity with the normal form of j>erw- cellens in which the pale colors are gray and yellowish. Group PITYCIIKOUS. Front lull, i)roduced into a navel-shaped, or wedge like, j)ro)ection, Antenuai o* male serrate and bristled, of female entirely simple, rarely (uliate. An erior tibia; spinose, usually rather heavily armed at tip. Thoracic vestiture often hairy, particularly in the male, seldom forming definite tufts, but tending to an anterior divi/f?rt group, whiiih indeed misled Mr. Groto in his listing of the species. The structural characters, however, are typical of the present group. The color is clay yellow, the mai uhition rather iiulefinite. lirooha \h entirely dill'erent ; the color is gray, with a more or less wai'Uetl t'lU'ous isUaclo, muttleil witU Uuo tvausvevau strigiu j tUe or'ii- ^ REVISION OF Sl'KCIliS OF THE GENUS AGROTIS. 145 nary lines obsolete. The genitalia of the 5 are peculiar; the harpes taper to a rather {leutely rounded tip, the clasper is very broad and heavy, the inferior branch very thick at base, tapering rather abruptly to an acute tip, the upper branch slightly curved, not much longer thau the inferior, perceptibly enlarged toward the tip. s,^ Spoma is a rather uniform, very dark gray species with all the macu- lation indistinct. The primaries are rather short and wide. Cogitans is luteous gray, the transverse lines obvious. It differs from all the preceding by a tlistinct black basal streak. The three species, hoUcmani, atristriga, and biclavis have the black- lined collar, and have the ordinary spots confluent, neatly outlined by a whitish line. The tendency is to a strigate type of maculatiou, while tiie transverse lines are obsolete. Uollemani has dusky secoiularies, and the primaries are dark ami gray. The species is variable in size and has no contrasts in shade or marking. Atristriga has the secondaries white with a broad dusky outer mar- gin. The primaries have an oblique paler shade extending inward from the apex, and another extending inwardly over veins -i to 4. Biclavis is pale gray with white strigations, and the secondaries are white. These three species are distinct from all others in the group and easily separable inter se. None of the other species have a black-lined collar. Associated by the dusky secondaries and dark colors of the primaries is a small series rather distinctly separate»i|^ «*•■• iiif i«v I II Mill irtli.f 146 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. % ■'«■); ■•1»1, |i I m » «* I, AtomariH is a close ally and may possibly prove a race of the preced- ing. The color is paler, powdery, the maculation usually distisict. Texana and gagntes are apical shade, and a similar pa^e shade below cell to near outer mar- gin athistimuata. Secondaries white, primaries gray, strigate with white hici.avi.s. Collar concolorous, without transverse black line or shade. Primaries dull dark gray to black, secondaries dusky. Primaries pur|)lisli black, ordinary spots incompletely outlined in deep velvety black I'HiM'i )I.ITA. Primaries dt^ep dark gray, transverst^ lines distinct, single, t. p. creuulatc; ordi- nary spots iiuletinite i L'mai.is. More fuscous, nuiculati(ui all siibobsolete I'KKI'L'sca. Blackisii, lines obsolete, ordinary spots neatly delined by yellowish scales, rASTOUAIJS. Somewhat paler, all nmculition evident, a purplish sliado through bjisal and 8. t. space riMS. Primaries black, secondaries white, maculation obselete, orilinary spots nratly outlined vr.i.i.iMiiPi.NNis. Prinuiries more smoky, secondaries white, ordinary spots not distinctly iMitliued, transverse nuie illation obvions vioMAiiis. I'rimaricH fuscous to brown, a\iie*!s produced, secondaries tlusky. Larger, wider winged, all nniculation traceable ii xana. Smaller, narrower winged, transverse liueswanting, ordinary spotsdusky, UAUATKS. Primaries varying from ash to yellow gray. Secoiularies white. Primaries bright yellow, terminal space darker, ordinary spots obsolete, , C'ITI!l(,V)l,OK. Primaries even, luteous; H|)ots complete mis rr rata. Secondaries pearly white iridescent. ." \ iii»'' iiiii' nil T l|:-'M% II: U' ^ li:tl>>4| lit*' « ii.)<' s •a I • ■..''1 '^31' )l , II I W1 148 HULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Pi'iinaricM even, somewhat bluish j^riiy; t. ]>. lino piiUL'tirui'iii, the iioiiits lllUatO DOLIS. Priiiiurius yeHowiBh to carneoiiH gray, inucuhitiun ohsolcto, s. t. lino only dis- tinct, marked l»y u darker precLMlin<^ shade scanokns. I'rimaricH dark gray, transverse lines and ordinary spots distinct ciiouis, Primaries carn(!ons j?ray, pale; ordinary spots disti'.ictly marked., .kkmota. Secondaries dnsky to blackish. Narrower winged. Clay yellow or paler to dark fuscous gray, median and terminal spaces darker, ordinary spots distinct, pale; s. t. line oven I'lTYCiilJuHs. Smaller, lutcous; median and terminal spaces darker, ordinary spots con- eolorons, s. t. line very uneven IKFIJacta. Even, luteous; all macnlation traceable, but faint; t. ji. line very evenly crenulate; s. t. lino rathor even, somewhat remote from margin, LUTKOLA. Wider winged, the primaries comparatively .shorter, more trigonate. Primaries reddish ocherous, s. t. line very distinct, marked by a darker pre- ceding shade; t. p. line punctiform skukicoknis. Primaries luteous, shaded with gray, very oven ; s. t. line indefinite, macnla- tion el.se percei>tibly marked TKTUICa. Canieades bicoUaris Grt. 1878. Grt., RuU. Geol. Surv., iv, 17:?, 174, Atjrotis. 188:5. Grt., Proc. Am. Phil. Soc, xxi, 155, AgroHs. Grayisli luteous, souietiraes with a retldisU sLade, all niaculations in- distinct. T. a. line geminate, slightly oblique outwardly, barely waved between veins. T. p. line sinuate, rather obsoletely geminate. S. t. line sinuate, slightly paler, relieved by a preceding, somewhat darker shade, variably distinct and comi)lete. Ordinary spots more or less completely defined, concolorous or with a somewhat dusky shade, rarely orbifjular entirely obsolete. Claviform with a bare trace in one specimen, usually obsolete. Secondaries fuscous. Beneath yellow fuscous, powdery; a variably evident common line and distinct discal spot. Head and thorax concolorous, collar with a broad black line. Expands 33-37"'""; 1.30-l.oO inches. riABiTAT. — California, Arizomi, Nevada. This species has a certain false air of the cupida group that misled ]\Ir. Grote in his description of the species and in his subsequent arange- ments and lists. Two 9 specimens from Arizona agree with typical California speci- mens in structure and in detail of macnlation, but the color is much ujore even, shot with reddish,!' id the primaries have the »)uter ?iiargin evidently niore obliciue. Possibly with a larger material this form uiay prove distinct. Carueades brocha Morr. 1875. Morr., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1875, 50, Jyrotis. hochiiH Morr. 1871. Morr., Proc. Host. Soc. N. If., XVH, l(!:i, Aijroiis. Somewhat b!(Msh gray, the costa and outer margin shaded with brownioh, tho wing nmrked with narrow, irregular brown striga. Trans- REVISION OF SPECIES OP THE GENUS AOROTIS. 149 t. liuu ,. verse lines obsolete; tlie t. p. line punctiform, dots venuhir. Claviforni wanting. Ordinary spots indelinite. Orbicular usually wanting or ob- solete; reniform dusky lunate; a somewliat indefinite median shade crosses the median space over reniform. Secondaries white, narrowly margined with dusky. Beneath, white, powdery, a common dusky transverse line and discal spot; the line on secondaries punctilbrra. Thorax and head concolorous, collar broadly dark brown inl'eriorly. Expands 37"""; 1.5 inches. Habitat. — Colorado, Nebraska, Nevada, Kansas. A distinct species easily recognizable by the strigate transverse mot- tling of primaries, entirely different from anything else in the group. Carneades sponsa Smith. 1887. Sniitli, Proc. U. S. Nat. Miis., x, 4r)7, Agrotis. Very dark gray, the lines and ornamentation obsolete. The lines ap- parently geminate ; t. a. line wavy ; others not tr.aceable. The ordinary spots are just sufficiently indicated to prove them of ore ground color also is a distincit gray rather than fus- cous, and I have no question as to the specific distinctness of this form. Carneades cogitaus Smith. 1800. Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xvii, 4(5, Ayrotia. General color ashen gray with a slight luteous tint. Head and thorax unicolorous ; collar with a median transverse black Mne. Primaries in some specimens with fine blackish powderings, usually very even and smoothly colored without shadings or contrasts of any kind. Basal line in a fully marked specimen geminate, distinct on costa and traceable to the biisal dash ; in other specimc s it is entirely ol)solete. T. a. lino geminate, the two lines equillv .stincit, strongly oblique outwardly and outcurved in the interspaces; sometimes almost entirely obsolete. T. p. line single, fine, crenulate,, strongly out- I » by a curved Mack line, outwardly vague and indefinite, but usually traceable. Secondaries in the male pearly with a smoky tinge; in the female somewhat darker. Beneath white, powdery, with a variably distinct outer line and discal spot to all wings. Expands 38-44""" ; 1.50-1.75 inches. Habitat. — California (Neumoegen). Four specimens $ and 9 are before me, no two of which are alike and which yet vary very slightly. The transverse lines are more or less obsolete, and the concolorous ordinary spots with their narrow black outline and markings are somewhat variable in shape and in tlieir relations to each other. In tyi>o of marking there is a curious re- semblance to clandestina, but the coloration and wing form are quite different. The thoracic tufting is not distinct, but is well indicated. The vestiture is rather loose. Carneades boUemani Grt. 1S7I. Grt., Can. Ent.., vi, loli, Agrotis. Fuscous, more or less irrorate or strigate with white; costfil space usually distinctly white; the terminal space is darker, strongly in- dented on some veins, .'J and 4 particularly, by white streaks. A dis- tinct basal black streak, invading the cell and surrounding the white conHuent, somewhat bottle shaped, ordinary spots, claviforra narrowly outlined with black. All transverse lines obsolete. Secondaries fus- cous. Beneath i)aler, ]towdery, with indefined discal spots. Head and thorax concolorous; coii.ir with a broad black shade. Expands 31-3G'""'; 1.20-1.40 inches. ITabttat. — California; Arizona; Colorado. A uniquely-marked species, resembling lagcna of an entirely differ- ent group. The confluent ordinary spots, combined somewhat more gourd than bottle-shaped, and the white strigate maculation is entirely unique in the structurally i!;j I Ml i ►•'■ ■ ■n- 152 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ,'H II 1 .311 ( ( ■ I f I » neath vein one making a lonjjer outward reach, groatly contracting tbe median space. T. p. line strongly dentate, its course nearly parallel to the outer margin. S. t. line obsolete; claviform wanting; orbicular obsolete, or very faintly defined; reniforni dusky, indefinite, lunate. Secondaries smoky fuscous, somewhat paler at base. A ands 34-37""" ; 1,35-1.50 inches. IlAHiTAT. — Canada, Middle and Eastern States, west to California. Di8tingnisheecies is distinguished by the white secondaries, and the much shorter, more sttimpy primaries. The species is a very recog- nizable one, and not uncommon locally. (liail twcl t.lij ciitil hir slij;] liis. witi .31. 'II I ''' f -'I I 'I It I.. Carneades atomaris Smith. 1>>!)0. Sinitl), TraiiM. Am. Eiit. Soc. xvil, 47, .Ujrotia. Head, thorax and primaries deep smoky or blackish brown. Palpi darker at sides, collar with a tip of luteous scales, thoracMc crest with aii admixture of hoary scales. Primaries with a luteors shading through the centre of the wing. All the maculation obscure, iiulistinct, yet all traceable. Basal line marked on costa only by a geminate black spot. T. a. line geminate, sojnetimes traceable through the cell, somewhat oiU- curved between veins and witli a long outcurve below the internal vein. T. p. line geminate, marked on costa, evenly outcurved over reniform ; inner line linely crenulate, outer scarcely marked, except by the slightly paler included shade. S. t. line paler, interrupted, sometimes almost obsolete. Claviformpresent, outlined in black. Orbicular round, mod- erate in size, very indistinctly outlined. Reniform rather large, normal in form, slightly more leaden black, not very delinitely outlined. Sec- ondaries ( i ), par , white, a narrow dusky marginal line. Beneath white, powdery, with ar. interrupted outer line and discal spot to all wings. Expands 31-';."»"'"' ; l.L'o-l .40 inches. Habitat. — California (Neumoegeu. Collection U. S. National Mu- seum). This seems the California representative of reUeripcnnis which is also said to occur there. A large series in the Museum collection is all ref- erable to this species. J shall not be at all surprised, however, if it prove but a geographical race of the Eastern IVi'-m. The ground-color is more luteous and powdery, and the maculation is more distinct than in its ally. Canieades texana Grt. 18(W. Ort., Pioc. Ent. Soc. Pliil. ii, 273, pi. C, f. 2, AgroHs. IfHI. Grt.. I'aiiilio, I, \'27 ct I.'kJ ? = 8(Y/t- tweeu veins. T. p. line paralU^l witli outer margin, somewhat paler. H. t. line very indelinitely marked l>y the darker terminal spaee, sometimes entirely obsolete. Claviform waiuing, or hut faintly marked. Orbicu- lar (!oncolorous, round, narrowly defined. lieniform large, dusky, slightly constricted at middle and markele, rather r ronnd, fior stain, h u faint r'elh)\viah, csial line, streaks." Tlie species is not unlike pitt,chroHs in imiciilation and color, but lias white secondaries. It is a close ally of citricolor, but with more the yround-color of misturata. Mr. Grote, in establishing his genus Cariwades, seems not to have been aware how large a propoi-tion of the spocies of Agrotin shared the structural i)eculiaries attributed ij this genus. Carneades dolis Grt. 1880. Grt., N. Am. Ent., i,l>l, Agrolia. An even, pale ash gray, all maculation obsolete. The t. p. line only is evident, white, single, interrupted, somewhat lunate. The s. t. line is indicated by a few white scales and is app.irently very irregular- Fringes of primaries with a yellowish line at base. Secondaries whit- ish fuscous, paler toward base; fringe white. Beneath, white, powdery, a distinct discal dot and incomplete transverse line on each wing. Head and thorax concolorous. Expands 37 ; 1.5 inches. Habitat. — Colorado. Another species with uniformly gray primaries and yet not to be confounded with the rather unusually numerous forms with wings almost or quite as evenly colored. About every group has a species with uniformly pale gray primaries, and yet even without reference to the structural differences each has a habitus so peculiarly its own that there is but little danger of confusion. Only the unique type of the species in Mr. Ilulst's collection is thus I'ar known to.me. Mr. Butler says this species is indistinguishable from the Cliera hiri- ria Ilbu., which occurs in the Alpine regions of Europe; but I can scarcely accei»t this conclusion without closer comparison than Mr. liutler seems to have made in the £)reparation of his paper. CarneadtiS scaudens Kilcy. 18(51). Ililoy, lir.st Rei>t. Ins. Mo., Tti, \>\. 1, f. '> and 7, .iijrolin. 1874, Riley, Hixth Ropt. Ins. .Mo., (i, .iiiiolin. 187;'). (Jrofo, IJiilV. IJiii', II, :!it i r mil nil nil la, 187o. Iliirv., Hull. ISiill, ill, 7::, i>l. :?, t. I, an h\). (list. 1881. RiU\v, fit'ii. Iiidiw and Siiiipl. to Mo. Kept., 7r>, Agrotin, 1881. Grt., Tapilio, i, l'J7 := m«.s.Mri,(?. 1HH2. Riloy, I'iipilio, ii, lit, an sp. tiist. 188t{. Saiind., Fruit Inwcts, 107,1'. Hi.>, Ayrotiii. Ash gray, with various additions oi'yclhnv or red, (ihanging the tone of ground color considerably. Transverse lines marked by geminate costal spots, else obsolete. S. t> line prominent, pale, interrupted, sinu- ate ; marked by a preceding dusky shade, varying from fuscous to r,ar- mine, red brown. Orbicular, often entirely «»l»solete, more usually dis- tinguishable as a rounded spot of the shade with which the gray base is sutfused. lleniform usually perceptibly delined,of the ordiinuy form and size, infcriorly with a dusky shade, else concolorous. Secondaries M,,ll 158 BULLpyriN 38, UNITED STATKS NATIONAL MUSEUM. I! (V, • •• whitish witli a double outward dusky shade, aud a dusky discal spot. Beneath whitish, powdery, eadi winj? with a faint discal spot aud in- complete couuiuui line. Head aiul thorax concolorous. Thoracic vesli. ture, hair3\ Expands 29-37"""; l.la-l.oO inches. HAniTAT.— East of Kocky Mountains. A very variable species in the shade with which the gray ground color is suffused. A remarkably large and haiuisosne specimen from Utah is shaded with a rich carmine. Eastern specimens are, as a rule, smaller and more yellow in color than western examples. iMx". Grotc has made very persistent eftorts to get this species into the synonom.v sonunvhere, but without any remarkable amount of success heretofore. The early stages have been described by Professor Riley. Carneades choris Ilarv. If^TCi. Harv., Can. Eiit., viii, !!7, .Itjrolin. Grayish fuscous; rather evenly si»rinkled with dark scales, the tint very even aud smooth in appearaiuse; veins marked. Transverse lines rather broad, distinct, geminate, the included space i)aler. T. a. line outwardly oblique, very slightly wavy ; t. j). line i)arallel with outer margin, rather even ; s. t. line, narrow, pale, interrupted, its course siiuuite. Claviform outlined. Ordinary spots distinct; orbicular round, moderate ; reniform well sized, inferiorly somewhat eidarged. Secondaries whitish with dusky external line. Beneath whitish, })ow- dered with gray, a distinct discal lunule ; primaries with a dusky trans- verse liiu>. Expands 35-37 ; l.K)( 9 )-1.50( i ) inches. IlAiUTAT. — Colorado, Nevada. There is considerable difference between the sexes of this species; the (i is paler, the transverse lines unusually approximates; s. t. line subobsolete; ordinary spots paler ; the 9 is darker, the transverse lines uormally separated; s. t. line distinct, ordinary spots annulate with j)ale, else concolorous. This is a perfectly distinct and well-marked Hpecies, entirely unlike any other described form. The specimens before 'lie do not (juito agree with what i)r. Harvey says of the species. Ilis type is a> le before nu', the latter has the t. i». line more evidently marked and the orbieulur is hardly elongate, nor the reniform narrow. Still I do not think 1 have a «listin(!t species. Caineades remota Smith. 1890. Sinitli, Trans. Am. Knt. Soc, xvii, IS, AyroliH. General (M)lor a i>ale, carneous gray. Palpi blackish at sides, else head and thorax immaculate , (!on(U)lorous. Prinuiries with a reildish sulfa- sion ai)piirent in the nuMlian s|>aee, and the terminal space dusky. ISa.sal line gemiiuite, distinct, brown. T. a. liuegtMiiinate, incomplete, slightly t ()Ul wl to res: nit MCI col orl foi in 11 roj reil .sh[ nel Se di^ EUM. REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGROTIS. 159 \' . S. t. line indeti- iiite, irregular, forming an outward curve on veins 3 and o, and again near apex ; relieved by the dark terminal space. Claviform sniall, con- colorous, incompletely outlined. Ordinary spots paler ashen gray ; orbicular outlined in black, obliciue, somewhat irregular oval. Keui- form large, kidney-shaped, narrowly pale lined; incompletely outlined interiorly, outwardly with a pale, more yellowish blotch. A very nar- row, interrupted, terminal line. There is a slightly deeper shade of reddish between the ordinary spots, but nothing like a distinct dark shading. Secondaries soiled whitish, with a ilarker outer margin. Be- neath, prinuiries fuscous, with i)aler powdery outer and costal border. Secondaries paler, i)0\vdery, with au incomplete outer line and a ditt'use discal spot. Expands 3r>" "" ; 1.40 inches. Habitat. — Sierra Nevada, California (McGlaslian). This is perhaps nearest to choris, but (juite so far as tLe spots are concerned and approaches the icHnelUtta group, without, in the specimens before me, raising any question as to the pro- priety of referring the species here. Carneadea pitychrous Grt. 1873. Grt., Bull'. IJiill. i, S2 Jyiotia. pvrsonala Morr, 187G. Morr., Proc. Host. Soc. N. II., xvni, ',';i8, Afirotin. IHfsO. Gi't., Can. Eiit. Xli, 187, pr. syii. Ocher yellow, to dark, somewhat bluish gray shaded with fuscous. Median and termiiuil spaces darker ; costa in the more deeply ortion of median space; entire terminal space dark. Transverse lines geminate. IJasal line evident. T. a. line slightly obli«iue outwardly and hardly wavy. T. p. line with outer parts distiller near costa only; inner portion distinct, fine, evenly crenulate. S. t. lino concolorous, preceded by a dusky shade, its course very even ; the line itself narrow, and somewhat remote from outer margin. Clavi- foj inj wa col col nt vel thi siJ pi\ M. REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGROTIS. IGl ifpt by a somewhat differenci' le slighter ther char- the lines 1 the luid- Tlic other a decided, ri.soii, the zes occur, 'tly gray, uker out- ith scales, en rod in I do not liau lines en veins ; beneath, ist inside strongly Ordinary orbiculiir at Qiid- ellowish id discal brnis of ato this ack ; a ril space a. line er parts -Miidate. y even ; Clavi- form obsolete; orbicular small, round, concolorcus; reniform somewhat indeifinite, inferiorly shaded with dusky. Secondaries dirty white, out- wardly dusky. Beneath pale, powdery, a reddish tinge along costa; a common outer dark line and distinct discal spot. Head and thorax concolorous. Expands 31'"'" ; 1.25 inches. Habitat. — Arizona. A sordid, indefinitely marked species, ecies except i»erhaps tvtrica. Carueades tetrica SiiiitL. 1887. Siuitli, Proc. U. S. Nat. Miw., x, A'tS, Aijvotis. Gray over reddish luteous, color very even ; all maculation intlis- tinct; lines geminate. T. a. line upright, very even. T. p. line parallel with outer margin, also remarkably even. S. t. line somewhat paler, very faintly indicated, sinuate. Claviform wanting, orbicular large round, concolorous, marked with black scales ; reniform inferiorly dusky, indefinite, rather large in size. Secondaries dusky, paler toward base. Beneath pale, powdery, with iliscal lunule qm all wings. Head and thorax concolorous ; vestiture mixed. Expands 35-37"'"'; 1.4-1.5 inches. JlABiTAT. — Texas, Nevada, auo^o-iNo. as IX UK* IU. 162 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. I • ■- ■ t t •■' I*' rat ii!;- i The wings are rather wider than moat species of the group. Tlui very eveu color and the remarkably even median lines will serve to identity this form which contlicts with none at all allied to it in shape of primaries. The Nevada si)ecimen in Mr. Tepper's collection is somewhat darker than those from Texas, and the maculation is still more comi>letely ob solete. Groui) MESSOKIA. Anterior tibiie spinose, the terminal armature heavy ; the menjber itself somewhat abbreviated, flattened and broad toward tip. The front full, tuberculate, the projection centrally depressed, or knob-like and roughened, granulate. The thorax is moder.ate, usually with an indeli- nite posterior tuft, occasionally with a divided anterior crest, never entirely untufted. The vestiture is entirely hairy in some species, mixed with flattened scales in others. The antenuio of the male are serrate, the joints strongly bristled. Primaries moderate, the ai>ices at most rectangular and often somewhat produced. The distinctive feature characterizing the group is a distinct dark shade line through the median space, and t)ie species groui)ed by this character, though colorational merel v, are closely allied. The genitalia are all of the same bifurcate type ; the lower branch is stout, straight, more or less ta{)er- ing to the tip, variable in liMigth in the species ; the upper branch is more slender, subcylindrical, curved, usually shorter than, but occa- sionally exceeding the infer or branch in length. The variation in this structure is so decidedly one of degree rather than kind, that the figures must be left to explain the small apparent distinctions. The group is divisible into two series, well distinguished at the ex- tremes, but closely approaching at the middle ; yet there is little difti- culty in most cases in proi)erly referring a species even though it is im- possible for nie to express the diflerence as briefly as I should like. The first series, of which bostoniensis tuay be considered ty[)ical, is characterized by almost entirely hairy vestiture of thorax, never forming a distinct divided tuft, but gathered usually into an indistinct tuft posteriorly. The species are of moderate, or large size, the colors generally based on a shade of gray with various admixtures of yellow or red; the apices of primaries are produced, the outer njargin oblique. The maculation in the majority of species is indistinct, the median shade being often the most prominent feature. The ordinary spots are obsoleteand indefuiite except in extranw and trifuHciata, which, however, well agree in wing form with the typical species. The secondaries ex- cept in the two species above cited, and comom and bifasciata, are white in the male, dusky in the female. The four species last cited are the aberrant ones of the series. The two former, however, as already stated have the wing-form, while comosa has the vestiture entirely hairy and bifasciata has the ordinary sj)0ts obsolete, the transverse lines simple. m. REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS .AGROTIS, 163 ■Oil p. The 1 serve to t in j^iiape Iiat darker l»letely ob- e member Tlie front b-like an«l I an indeli- est, never e species, i male are lie apices listinctive e tliroiigli m; tiiough r the same less taper- branch is but occa- ion in this he figures at the ex- ttle ditti- h it is im- l like, typical, is 1.x, never indistinct the colors of .yellow I obliarison shows them to be distinct. This species has the primaries distinctly red brown, the orbicular larger, and the reniformditferently shaped. Bifasciata is smaller than either of the preceding, and nni(jue, not only in coloration, but also in the broad, black aud closely approximated median lines. The ordinary spots are obsolete. Comosa still more strongly resembles the messoria group, but has the vestiture entirely hairy, the ordinary spots obsolete ; the color is red- dish and the t. p. line is very strongly denticulated. In the messoria series there are two very well marked divisions pos- sible, based upon average size — a dillerence of about .20 inches or 5""" separating them. Of the larger species, three have a distinct claviform. Messoria is dark gray or fuscous, all the maculation very distinct. There is some variation in ground color, but on the whole the species is 80 true to type, that once known it will scarce be again mistaken. Some species have a reddish shade similar to the next. RubefactaUs has a distinct red cast to the primaries, a black shade preceding the s. t. line, aud a broad, black transverse line on collar. Fauna seems to follow most naturfilly, though, from the horrible con- dition of the type, it is as much guess- work as anything else to assign an exact position to the species, and the type is the only specimen I have seen. The orbicular is irregular and the claviform linear, acute at til). The ground color is pale red brown. i..ii iii,i«i ,«j II:'. ! |«t'.. 1G4 KULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. \.» ■ .51M. , .-r w V I* Pleuritica comes close to mexsoria but has a peculiar rusty yellowish tiut to primaries which is characteristic. The resemblance to pitychrous which Mr. Grote emphasizes in his description I entirely fail to see. The si)ecies does not appear in the synopsis as 1 had not recognized it when that was written and have no specimens at hand now to place it properly. The remaining species of the larger series lack the claviform. Brunneigera is close to rube/actaUs in appearance, but lacks the clavi- form, and tlie ordinary spots are indistinct. IncallUla is a smooth even bluish ash gray in color, the niedian shade iiprigiit, very broad, distinct, dili'use, contrasting; lue secondaries of the female blackish. Lutukntiis is lutcous in ground color, the median shade narrow, vague, indeflnite; secondaries of female luteo-fuscous. AnnuUpcH is a whitish gray, powdery form with a very prominent, curved narrow median shade. MnrdovM is one of the handsomest of our species. The basal and sub- terminal 8i)aces are a bright rusty red or yellow, the median space a fine blue gray more darkly shaded outwardly. It is unique in appear- ance, and easily recognizable. QuinqueJlnea is a simply-marked, fuscous gray species of rather even color, with simple black transverse lines, dittering thus obviously from all the other members of the subseries. The remaining species of the group are smaller than any of the preceding ; not so much absolutely, but habitally, seeming slighter in most cases. Friabilis is a very dark form in which all the markings of messoria are present, sometimes (piite distinctly. The general tint is more blue gray where messoria is fuscous, but otherwise the species might be con- sidered as a dwarfed form. Fuscifjera is a stdl smaller, paler gr ay, the transverse lines broad, very distinct and somewhat approximate. Orbicularis is a paler, somewhat longer winged species, in which the median lines, in contrast with the preceding, are widely separated. Micromjx is a very short-winged, robust species, of the typical mes- soria color and general style of maculation, but the lines fire indistinct and the orbicular is unusually large, gray. Inirita is well marked ; equally robust and short winged as the pre- ceding, the color is a mixture of rust red and black, the lines distinct, geminate, the included space pale; t. p. line unusually even. As a whole, the species of each little group are closely allied, and yet each aftbrds one or more distinctive characters, the knowledge of which ren- ders specific recognition easy. ■. SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES. Vcstituro hairy, thorax with basal tuft ouly. Secoiularii's, at least of ^ , white ; primaries gray to yellow fjiiuarioa very tlaik gray | weUitw uUado Uwo tbo ouly ilistiwct maculation, U0ST0NIENSI8. REVISION OF SPECIES OP Tl. . GENUS AGR0TI8. 1G5 Primaries carneous gray; niaculation as lieforo c.knis. Primaries yuIlowiHb gray ; traiisverHe iiues more evident mkihai.is. Primaries pale luteons; transverse lines geminate, distinct kkniskca. Secondaries in both sexes dusky ; colors variable. Ordinary spots distinct. Primaries dark gray ; reniform narrow kxtuaxka. Primaries red brown ; reniform large, kidney-shaped trikasciata. Ordinary spots obsidete, not distinct. Ferrnginons and black; transverse lines single, 1)road, oven, uiiiisuiilly approx- imate lUKASCIATA. More uniformly reddish ; transverse lines normally distant, t. |>. strongly cren- iilate coMOHA. Vestiture scaly or mixed ; thorax with divided anterior tnft. Moderately large species; the primaries trigouate, of moderate width. Claviform present. Color dark gray ; all macnlation distinct; collar with an indistinct dusky line, MKSSOKIA. Color reddish; transverse line of collar distinct black ui'Iikkai^tam.s. Color reddish ; collar coucolorous, orbicular elongate, irregular kai^na. Claviform wantiug. Transverse lines geminate. Basal and median spaces not contrasting in color. Terminal sp.-ice not darker, median shade ditfuse, transverse lines very distinct, color reddish to gray, orbicular nearly obsolete, lUtU.VNM'.KllMJA. Terminal space and shade accompanying s. t. line distinctly i>la(;kisli. Median shade distinct, upright, very broad, distinct, diffuse, (contrasting. Ground citlor bluish ash gray, smooth; secoiularies 9 l)liickish, IXCALMOA. Median shade narrow, vague, indefinite. Ground color luteous, secondaries, 9 luteo-fuscons ;,in'tir,KNTA. Median shade very prumiuent, distinct, curved, ratluir narrow. Color reddish gray, powdery anxiimi'I'.s. Basal and s. t. spaces ferruginous, contrasting with the ash gray median space MlIMMICKl. Transverse lines single, color fuscous gray (iiixeiUKLiXEA, Smaller species. Wings narrower, more equal, the costa somewhat more (tonvex ; body rather slight. Very dark ash gray, all nuicuhation like mcssnria, rather iudetiiiite. I'liiAUii.is. Jjighter, nu)re fuscous gray ; transverse lines viu\v distiiKJt, soiuewlit a))pvox- Imate ki'scigkija. Luteous gray, orbicular whitish, transverse lines unusually distant, ouiiicrt.Aiua. Wings short and wide, form robust. Color and macnlation like mesaoria, hwt indistinct; orliicular liugc, gray; reniform obsolete mK'Hoxvx. Blackish over ferruginous; nuiculatiou distinct; transverse liui's palti ; t. p. linos unusually even inthita. Carneades bostouiensis Grt. 1874. Grt. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1874, 203, Atjrotis. 187G. Harv. Bulf. Bull., ili, 74 pi. 3, Hg. 7, AgrotiH. Very dark ash-gray, the lines and ordinary spots obsolete. S. t. line darker, sinuate, usually distinct. The soiuewhtit curved median shade MttV 8f»l If.*' 4 166 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. fr fW ^ p. « .v. 0>m II ( ,»&:: I I .4 .. . i (< I ail is also (listiiKit and crossing, the reniforin is somewhat darker at that point. Secondaries $ white, ? bhicit. Beneath pale, powdered with blackish ; a distinct discal luuule, and an imperfect extra discal line. Expands 37-41""" ; 1.50-1.05 inches. Habitat. — Middle, Eastern, and Northern States, Canada. Easily recognized by the almost uniform dark ash-grsiy color. The difference in color of secondaries in the sexes is unusual, and not par- alleled to the same extent in the genus. The vestiture is woolly, long. Carueades caenis Grt. 1879. Ort. N. Am. Ent., i, 14, Agrotis. miiacoHa Grt. 1H8.'?, Grt. Can. Ent., xv, 2(). .iprotia. lHri7. Smith, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mas., x, 4G0, pr. syn. Graj-, suffused with reddish; the ordinary spots concolorous, very illy defined. Transverse liiu's usually obsolete ; in i)ale specimens distinct, redbrown, single. T. a. line upright, with an outward curve below vein 1. ; t. ji. line very even, parallel with outer margin ; s. t. line pale, accompanied by a darker reddish shade. The median lines marked at costa with di.stinct geminate spots; median sliades very distinct with a slight outward curve; deeper brown in color. This shade is distinct, even when all other maculation is obsolete. Secondaries S white, 9 dusky. Beneath pale, powdery primaries darkest. An indefinite discal lunule. Expands .■i7-44"<'" ; 1.50-1.75 inches. IIauit AT.— Colorado. A very pretty and well-marked sjjccies: nmscosa Grote, of which I have the type, is based on a dark specimen in which only the median shade line is distinct. It is a ? , and in all the females the miiculatiou tends to become^ obsolete. Carneades medialis Sntith. 1R«7. Smitli, Prop. U. S. Nat. Mus., X, 459, Agrotis. Grayish white to ocher yellow, more or less irrorate with black scales; the transverse lines diffuse, powdery, dark, geminate; s. t. lino also rather broad, diffuse; all the lines even ; ordinary spots dusky, not defined, traceable; the usual median dark shade is distinct in most si>i'cimens. Secondaries S white, 9 dusky; beneath white, sparsely ])owdered with gray; indefinite gray discal spots aiul common line. Expands 37-40 ""; 1.5-l.G inches. Hatut AT.— Texas. Seems not uncommon in Texas and is a very distinct species. It was in the BeltVage collection named muracnula, but is a very different species. The S specimens seem inclined to pale yellowish, giving the insect .a cursory resemblance fo citricolor, than which it is much larger. cu is pr REVISION OF SPECIES OV THE GENUS AGROTIS. 1G7 Carneades feniseca Ilarv. 1875. Ilarv., BnlV. H-ill., ni, 71, pi. :\, f. 6, Atjrotis. 187.'). Grt., List Noctuidw, 25, J(7»'o It l« Carneades bifasciata Siiiitli. IPHT. Smitli, Proc. U. S. Nat. Miih., x, 4f)(), Agrolis. Ferrugineous at base, outwardly shading into blackish. Transverse lines broad, single, black, approximate. Basal lino evident. T. a. line evenly oblique. T. p. line with a wide outwar 1 curve over cell, then running about parallel to outer margin. Me2. Gn., Sp. G.n. Noct., i, 201, .r(l(i, iijroth. Irtm. I{iitl.,TriinH. Knt. Soc. Ldud., l8Sl>, :17I), pr. H.vn. Mpiumi Wlk. f nee. On. IH-V). Wlk., C. U. MuH., liop. Hot., X, :W7, .ff/ro/is. 1877. Grt., Can. Ent., ix, iiS, pr. 8yn. lyvanimi (irt. 1874. Grt., Can. Ent., vi, l.'w. cochraiii Riluy. 18(>8. Kiloy, Prairie Fiirninr, July, IHIW, AgrotlH. IHOK. Riloy, First Rept. Ins. Mo., 7r», .l(jrotis. 1874. Grt., Can. Ent., vi, 15r». pr. syn. 1881. Riloy, Snpplt. and Iiidox to Mo. Rcpt., 7(i, pr. syn. 1H81. Grt., J'apilio, i, 120, pr. syn. 1882. Riloy, Papilio, ii, 41, Ayrotia. repfniia (irt. and Rob. 1808. Grt. and lioli.. Trans. Am. Ent. Sac, i, 350, pi. 7, f. 58, Aijrolia, 187:J. Grt., ISntr. Hull., i, KO, Aijrnlh. 1.S7:}. (Jrt., Hnir. IJnll., ll, .'>:{= rovhraiu. 1881. (Jrt., Papilio, I, 120 -= Hi<'»so»jfl. halniiitin (Jrt. 1873. Grt., Buff. Bull., i, 97, pi. 3, f. 14, Ayrotin. Dark ash grjiy witli a luteoiis tint, to a somewhat smoky red brown ; the transverse lines always distinct, black, the ordinary spots always defined. T. a. line variable in course and direction, and somewiiat in the extent of the outward i.arves between veins. Usually the line is oblique. There are two small angulations above the median vein, and two wide outward curves below. T. p. line obsoletely geminate, crenu- late, parallel to outer margin, or somewhat more upright. S. t. line pale, sinuate, marked by a more or less evident <(sm, but there is a great disproportion between the two stigmata ; the t. p. line forms a . (Jrl., CIiiM'k LiNi, \>>7Ct, JT, irnlis. " (? allied in structure anale shading, of a uniform gray with a yellow brown staining. Orbiculai' spherical, gray, bjaisk ringed, with dark center, larger than in its ally; claviform short, narrow, without the contiiui- REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGROTIS. 171 liiilly the 'ct a very ;asioiially id South- pecimen.s cal speci- r. by Mr. , that the leciiledly e; but I line until 'lit as to lied to a and the rity, and Ir. Grote. :iinrities, jry hiTge )ecie.s de- fht. Mr. )o.si lively Un this 'olleetion )t what- under it. (i rote's "'), of a slightly Darkings igniata; iiervule, gated in ra basal id more witliont V brown ee liter, ontinu- oiis streaic ; t, j). less I'aintly indicated ; all the lines geminate; terminal sjiaee darker than the wing. Hind wings whitish at base, witii broad vague border; fringes white tipped, interliiit'd, whereas in pitychrous they !ir(^ pure white. Tliorax eoncolorous with primaries; patagia; marked with white on the shoulder. Beneath ])ale with faint outer lines and (iisoal narks; a eommon dark terminal marked line more distinct on 111 lid wings. Tiiere aro no cuneiform or vein markings before the s. t. line of jirimaries in this species, which is as large as meHsoria and reseni- lilcs dark specimens of pifychrous in color. Canada." Tliis species puzzled me for some titne. To the kindness of Mr. Tiiaxter I finally owed sight of the sp(';-i'.s, and found it closely related nicssoria rather than pUi/chrons, but with the jieculiar yellowish tinge (l('scrib^d by Mr. (Irote. I ha\e seen it from Maine, New Hampshire, and northern New York. Carneades nibefactalis Grt. 1880. Git., Hull, fifol. Siirv., vi, 1.'.4. Agrotin. Jirick-red, suffused with blackish through the median space, a I)romineiit, even dark shade preceding s. t. line. Lines geminate, black, included space of ground color; their course essentially like those «if vicssoria. Ordinary spots eoncolorous, small ; orbicular round ; reniform excavated at outer side. Claviform faintly marked. Collar with a broad black line. Secomlaries pale fuscous. Beneath essen- tially as in mcssoria. E.xiiands ^3-3'} •; ]..S()-1.40 inches. IIAIUTAT. — Washington, (Colorado. Th species is closely allied to mcssoria, but distinct by the small orbicular and re(idi;^h color of thorax and primaries. The broad black line on collar is also distinctive, though in mcssoria there is a similar but less dirf'inct line. Carneades fauna Morr. 1S7(). Morr., Froo. Host. Soc. Nut. Hist., vviii, 'IWT, .ti)rolii. Sordid reddish luteous, somewhat irrorate with black ; th(> transverse lini\s indistinctly marked, geminate, irieliided space coiicolttnuis. T. a. line outwardly oblicpie jmd curved between veins. T. p. Vwu-. crenulate sinuate, nearly jiaiallel as a whole with outer margin. S. t. lineobso- l<>,te. The median shade is ditfiise, indelinite, daikenitig cell between ordinary spots. The lattt^r are (Muicolorous, completel.v delined ; orbicular irregularly elongate; reniform upright (»val, sides iitMirly parallel. Claviform outlined, narrow, somewhat elongate. Seconda- ries yellowish fuscious. lieneath, yellowish fuscous witii somewhat darker discal liinules. Head and tiiorax eon tinct jjjeminate, uprif^ht or slij^htly obli(pie, outwardly curved between veins. T. p. line crenulate, obsoletely jjeminate, its course sinuate. S. t. line (roneolorous, marked with a dark ac(!oin])anying shiide. Clav- ifoirn Wiintinj?; orbicular entirely obsolete, or very faintly, Imrdly per ceptibly outlined. Jleniform also indefinite, often not traceable, but usually outlined, or at least distinct as a dusky lunule. The median shade is dusliy, diffuse rather lieyond the center of the m. space. Ho and thorax concolorons. Secondaries liiscons. Beneath fuscous, jk, dery; a distinct darker transverse line antl discul s[)()t. Expands .'{.UT)""" ; l.;!()-l..i(» inches." FI.MJiTAT. — (California, \Vashin{,4oii, \'aneouver, ('olorado, Louisiana. The type from Vancouver is rather distinct red brown; a ^ speci- men from Coloi'iido is nearly (»qual to the type in coh)r. Three other specimens shiide olf into a distim^t rather reddish gray, the iiiiiculation remiiiiiing toieiablv alike. The obsolesct'ime of the ordinary spots, especially the orbicular, ",ompared with the distinctness of the trans- verse lines, is eiiaracteristiv' <'"the species. Carneat ea iiicallida Sinitli. l^".)(l. Siiiitli, TriuiH. Aiii K:>t, Soc, xvn, .Mt, Aijrotin. General color pale ashen gray. Palpi brown at si ed between rse sinnatf. lade. Clav- haiilly per iceable, but riie median >ace. H(' SCOUS, 1)0 , Louisiann. a r? sped- riuee other nniculation lary sj)ots, Mie trans ilnsky line ncidorous. an shade, broad, tlie somewhat ()Uter line d a H]\vr\\t tenui>ted, what less ■ely traee- isky spot. lown with A broad the win{j. Canieades lutulenta Smith. ItiW. Ti-iins., Am. Em. Soc, xvii, .">0, Ayrotis. General color a luteous };ray ; sides of palpi dusky, a dusky line ex- tcndin}? from the eyes to the base of primaries; head and thorax else immaculate. Primaries Kliyhtly blackish powSiiiitli, Ti'iiii.s. Am. Kiit. Soc, xvn, Ji/rotiH. General color uslioii gray with a reddish .shade, with hhickish \)o\\- deriiigs. Palpi tlarker at sides, head somewhat i)allid in front, collar with a very vague traiisver.se line composed of dark powderi iigs. Tliorii x evenly and not heavily powdered. Primaries with the dark ix^wderiii;.; becoming more prominent outwardly, .slightly .sutVusing tiie outer pan of median space and beco'ming most prominent as a heavy smoky brown shade before the s. t. line, tlie terminal space dusky Ijiit not so dark us the outer ])art of s. t, spaiie. Basal line apparently singU^, brown, iini very distinctly marked. T. a. line geminate, evenly outctu ved, slightly irregular; tiie outer part of the line is distinct, lirowii, rather broan, the inner vague, not well marked superiorly, but easily traced through the lower part of its (^»urse. IMediaii sliad<( very distinct, br<»wn. rather d«!linitely limited, very Jiearly ])arallel with tlie t. a. line. T. p. line dis tinclly geminate, r.ilher widely outcurved over reniform and slightly incurved below; inner line distinctly crenulate, outer line somewhat vague i'xcept through costal region. S. t. line pale, somewhat diti'nw' and very even, starting from the i»ale apical si)iice. Claviform wanting. Orbicular and renitbrm slightly i)aler, not outlined, very vague and in delinitt', at lirst sight apparently wanting. kSecondaries smoky whitish, somewhat iridescent. Beneath whitish, powdeiy, |)rimaries darkest and with trace of an outer line; secondaries more powdery along cjsta and without outer line or discal sjiot. lOxpands L".>"""; 1.10 inches. Haiuta r.— Oregon. A very distinct .'■^ipecies of whicih I have only one V specimen in good condition. It has all the characters of the mesnoriii group, and accord ing to the talndar arrangement comes nearest to hrvHmUjcrn. \t\s, however, decidedly smaller than that species and the color is nion> gray; the piomimriit median shade, and the dusky tenuinal parts ol the wing are distinctive. The tarsi are ringed with brown, the legs also of the same jtrayish whiti ,is the iindersi.'ational 3Iuseum. Carueadea muidocki .spiitli. IH'.K). Smith, Tniiis, .Am. Hut. Sm-., x\ii, I'.l, .Irji'otin. /lead and thorax a rather briglit yellowish re oitttT i)ai ; iioky browii t so dark us , brown, imi rod, sliglirl: itlier broini. ced tliioui;!! rowii, ratln ! r. p. liiiedis ami Hbglitiv e soiiuMvhiit ivliat ditiiisi' rm Avaiitiii;;. \^m\ and in oky wliitish, •ies darkcsi alon^i' c'jstii n«Mi in yood and act^ovd (icni. It is, >lor is inoi'f lal i)arts ol rn, the lcg« i'n'iii.n!Mva>.. ! liil sj)ii incui"veetween tlie eveidy »l;irk tcrniiual space and pale s. t. space, its ((Uirse irrej^nlar. A dnsky (H>st- al shade in s. t. space beiore apex, le.iviny a paler apical spot, A pal(5 line it base of frintjos. (.!lavifurn» wantinjj:. Orbicniar lai'ge, round concoloroiis, faintly outlined by a pale riiij;. Keniforni l.iri;e, kidney shaped, iuferioriy dark lilleil, obscured by the niediaii siiaile wliicli crosses the spot and then runs ratiier dilTusely and close to tlie t. p. line, darkeiiiu{j tlie outer part of median space. Cell between the spots also dusky, Seconjlaries whitish, soiled, with a faint reddish snflusjon, lieneath {)ale, [towdery, disc of primaries darker; an outer liue anil iliscal dot to all winj;s. ExpaudH i:0""" ; 1.!,'0 inches. Habitat.— Nortli west liritish Co)und>ia, Utah. This very liamlsome species is readily reco^^nized among its congeners by the strong contrast between the blue-gray median and reddish yellow or rusty red basal and s. t. s[>aces. It has ail the characters of the mcssDi-in grou[>, but is nniout among them all. The s[>eciinen now before me is from ]Mr. Neuinoegen. 1 received it some time since from Mr. Edwards, who had it, I think, from IJtali, Some years since 1 re- ceived the lirst specimen from tlie late C.i[)t. 1). J I. iMnrdock. Fort Thornburgh, I tah, and this speiiimen is now in the IJ. tS. National Museum. From Captain Murso good a collector in so tine a locality should have lost his life so unfortunately. CanieadeB quinquelinea Smith. IS'JO Smilli, Tr.'um. -Viii. K.it. '-^im' , w ii, .J'.», tgrotiv. General color fuscous gray. Ilviul concolorons, collar with a dusky (•entral line; thorax •oneolorous. I'rimaries evenly colored, the trans- verse lines b'.iuikish, Dasal line distinct, single. T. a. line distinct, upright, very slightly arigulate; median shatle line distinct, broad, very irregular. T. p, line single, narrow, crenulaie, its course as a w; >de veiy nearly parallel to the outer margin. tS. t. line consisting of a naiiow, dark ishade line followed by some p;de scales relieving ai^l (U^tiniug the .same; an interrupted, very narrow terminal line. 8ec ondaries and abdomen i>ale smoky fus(!ous. Claviform wanting, o)'ili- uary spots !)arely trace.ible, concolorou.s, reniform inwardly marked by UF-mall black dot. lUme.itii pah;, powdery tuscoiis, with an outer line a!itl diseal .sp«)t on all wings. Ej.,tands :>5 '; I.IO inches. l*\ni'j"AT. — Sierra Nevaila, California. Tliissiinpl\ maiked form is allied iu ajjpearance to irist'' ^n ovfuseti, I'Ui with the <'har acters of tht^ juesent gi'or.p so far as i.^ c.;m be njade out from the bi..gle female i.>etore uui. The single transv,.i*se liies are distiuctive iu this series. :; £» i 176 UULLKTIN 'M, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. <: B It* rim .■,, f .tK(;,l' I... I •' Carueades friabilis Grt. 187."). (jtrt., (Jiin. Eiit., vii, Irt' , pi. i, f. .'», Ayrotin. Even (lull fu!S(!ou.s to ii.sh {^niy, the iiiiirkiiig.s usually indefinite "but on tiie whole exactly like messoria. Seuoudaiies juul underside also like mcssoria. Expands 31-.33'""' ; 1.25-1..30 inclies. LIaijitat. — Nt'w York, Maine, Canada, (Jalifornia. Very closely allied to mcssoria, l)ut darker, ash i^ivny, more evi, Aijiotin. Even dull fus<',ous gray, the lines blackish, more or less emsith. IJeneath whitish, powdery, a very distin(;t broad dusky common line and discal lunule. llead and thoriix concolorous. Exiiands LJ9-;W"""; 1.15-1.30 inches. Habitat. — California. Distinguished by the rather small size anil the very oven color. Carneades orbicularis Kmitli. 1887. Siiimi, Pnic. U. S. Niit. Miis., x, 4(iO, Aijrotis. Lut«M»us gray: transverse lines distinctly gemiiiitte, dark fuscous. Ordinary spots delined, paler. IJasal line delined, euuked by black jMiiuts beneath median M-iii. T. a. line upright, slightly ilentle-ulate ; tiio included space maikod with &ray. T. '). line even, very imrrowly I. REVISION OF SI'ECIES OF THE GENUS AGR0TI3. 177 liiite "but ) altso like ro evenly rcel.v evi- ip of the iblaiice i;s ititicatioii of spetri- lalifoniiii, ^eu, bow lus colirr Thew.-M ssaiiiuuiic ^listinctly evident, eius, the e, broad. S. t. liiM' Jrhiciilar less in ndetiuite whitish, 1 lunule. lor. fuscous. )y black tic-uhite ; unTuwIy crenulate, its course parallel with, and unusually close to outer niar- j;in, making the median space very broad. S. t. line narrow, some- what i)!iler, its course sinuate; a terminal row of black dots. The median sluide is not well marked and is central to the median space. Claviform concohu'ous, not distinctly outlined. Orbicular round, pale j^ray. Keniform moderate, kidney-shaped, annulate with gray, centered witli grouml color. Secondaries |»ale yellowish fuscous. Beneath white- ish, powdered, a darker discal lunule. Head and thorax concolorous. Expands .'>2"""; 1.2."» inches. Habitat. — Nevada. A well-marked species, with rather narrow wings ; it is easily d's- tinjiuisiied by the widely seitarated median lines and pale orbicular. A single 5 is in Mr. Tepper's collection. Carneades micronyx Grt. 1H7S. Grt., Bull. Geol. Surv., iv, 171, Agrotis. Primaries fuscous, with a whitish gray cast; transverse lines geminate, indistinct. T. a. line upright, very slightly waved. T. p. line faintly lunu- lare, about parallel witli outer margin. S. t. line concolorou.s, narrow, sinuate, shaded each side with darker fuscous. Claviform wanting. Orbicular huge, round, gray. Keniform concolorous, iiicoiiipletely out- lined. The median shade darkeas the cell between stigmata and runs ) latlier close to t. p. line beneatii median vein. iSecundaries darlv fus- cous. Beneath i>ale fuscous, with common, even, subdviitate line and (li.scal marks. Collar with a distinct black ansverse line. Exjtands ;50"""; l.'JO inches. IlAiJiTAT. — California. This spt'cies is very di.stinct; the body i.s heavy, the primaries com- paratively siiort, obtuse. The obsolescent maculation, the dark ground color, and larg«'. round gray ()il)i<'ular make a combination at once rec- ognizalde. WitJiall, its resemiilauce to mensoria is striking. Carneades intrita Morr. It«?4. Morr., rroc. Ho.st. Soe. Nat. Hint., xvii, KU, .Ujrotk. Irfffi. (lit.. Can. Ktit., vii, IS '; At ■M 178 iJULLirriN :;«, lniikd statics national mu.seum. both powdery, with iiicoiiipli'te common lino iiinl faintly markiMl disca! luiiule. Head and thorax dark ; liaso of patayiie at sides fenuginou.s Exj)and.s :il-3;i"""; l.L'o-l.lU) inches. IlAiUTAT. — Vanconver; (Jalifornia, Arizona. A short win<,fed si)ecie8, readily recognizable by the peculiar rusty and black color and the very even i)alo t. [). line. 1^4 0 .Mi.; f.i* , «.. . ( .Kl , I -is-: Group TKSSELLATA. Front full, tuberculate or roughened ; anterior tibiie sjiinose ; antenna- of male serrate and bristled} thorax indistinctly or not at all tufted, rarely with a distinct anterior crest, (lenitalia of the same type as in the other groups of the genus. The distinguishing feature of the present groui) is found in the ornamentation, and princii)al!y in the usually large, often pale, ordinary spots, ami the black or other dark stained cell reliev- ing them. Negatively there is no distiuct median shade, and there are no obvious dentations crossing or indenting tiie s. t. line. In the more tyi)ical forms the primaries are perhaps a little broader and more trigo- nate thau in the tyi)ical forms of the other groups; but this does uot hold true of all the species. As a whole the group is fairly well separable from the others of the genus, but some of the species show variations which may create doubt. Care is therefore necessary in i)lacing single specimens of some lorms, and the general ilescriptions of oruameutal aud color characters must not be too literally construed. \Vhereverpossible,a(|uestioiuibleform should be compared with spei;i- niens of tiie group types, and the relationship is then usually evident and the chances of error are reduced to a minimum. Of the species referred hcn-ifcnialdi is at once separable by the broad, even, blue gray transverse lines. It is a large wide-winged form and very disliucc. It seems also very rare. A snndl group of si)ecies of mountain or high northern habitat is readily recognizable by luteous or gray color of primaries, hairy vesti- ture, and simple transverse lines. These species have a distinctive hab- itus, and are also well distinguished infer se. Opipara is ash gray with dark median spa(;e. The cell, claviform, basal dash, and transverse line on collar are black. This is the species mistaken by Moeschler and Staudinger lor a variety oi' i.sl(tndica. Trisdcula has the basal dasii aud the black line on collar, but the trans- verse maculation is obsolete a'.'d only the dark cell is pioniinent. Munis, of which suhlatis is a synonym, lacks the black basal dash and transverse line of collar. The median lines, howevei', are distinct, the outer portion of median s[)ace is darker, and the ordinary spots are large, distinct, concolorous. DisHona is closely allied, but less strongly marked ; an obvious distin- guishing feature is found in the woolly clothing of breast. lu munis it is white, in the present form black. M. REVISION OF SPECIES OE THE GENUS AGKOTIS. 179 ked (lisL'ii! !irugin()u.s rusty aiul ; iiuteiiiiii' all tutted, tyi)e as iu le i)resent allylarj,'e, ;;ell reliev- tliere aro I tho more lore tiij;o- s does not ers of the ate doubt, ine forms, iters nuist v'ith speei- ly evident bo broad, form and habitat is liry vesti- jtive hab- laviforni, le si)ecies C(t. the trans- nt. dash and tinct, the are large, usdistin- I VI u His it , x\.ll the other species of the group have distinctly geminate transverse lines. One series lacks all trace of a basal black dasii, which in the other series is always distinct. The ty[)ical forms lack this basal dasii. Of this first series euroides is a narrow-winged form, bluish white in color, with the largo ordinary spots prominently relieved by the black cell. The other species vary from carneous gray to fuscous brown or black- ish, all possible shades being represented. The secondaries are dusky in both sexes of the following seven species : Alticola is easily distinguished from all its allies by lacking all tnico of a claviform. The species varies greatly in ground color, but is usually some shade of yellowish red. The maculation is very often scarcely traceable, and in such specimens the group characters are not notable aiul point rather to pitychrous than to tessellata. With a good series at hand the reference here is easy. Rufula and hmlftava are closely allied species which may eventusiUy be merged into geographical forms of the same. In both the orbicnlivr is incomplete superiorly and the basal space is paler. Rufula is tlie paler, yellowish red in color, median space darker, contrasting somewhat with the basal and s. t. spaces. Basiflaea is altogether a darker, more powdery form. The basal space is not much paler, ami the mtidiau and s. t. 8i)aces are coucolorous. The former is from New Mexico, the latter from British Columbia and Sierra ^Nevada. JSutis is red brown iu color, the ordinary spots powdered with yellow, the cell usually not much darker between theui. The lines are not re- lieved. Eeiia is a carneous gray species, sometimes more reddish, without any distinct contrasts. The transverse lines are usually more or less obso- lete, the ordinary spots rarely completely outlined, the si)ace between them not much darker. Altogether a very inconspicuous though dis- tinct species. Insiynata, uiuler which term I include dcclarata, aampcstris, decolor, and verticali/i, has the color smooth, even ; the transverse lines some- times very distinct; ordinary spots large, narrowly lunulate with yel- low. Campesttis is that form in which the color is uniform, dark, the transverse lines distinct. Decolor has the lines partly obsolete, the brown colors relieved iu basal and s. t. spaces by luteous, sometimes contrasting quite strongly. Vertically is more like decolor, l)ut replaces the lighter shades by carneous gray, deepening to browiiisli in the darkened regions. The latter is a local form, found in Montana and Colorado, and is quite constant. TesHcllata is distinguished by rougher vestiture, the color not smooth and even, but coarse, powdery ; the transverse lines are not so lileanly cut, nor the ordinary spots so well defined. The latter are powdered with gray. lill )!l III 180 miLKETlN' :!H, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Alhipciini.s is like insif/nata in evenness of color and general appear- ance, and has been contused Avith it. It is, however, smaller, and the secondaries are white in the male, dusky in the ftimale. lSi>ectup» '"'tl which there may be ditliciulty in recoj^nizinpf. Bamlis, nolitarin, and itontra differ from all the preceding by longer wings with the apices of i)rimaries more evident. Busalis is a pale red brown, with the basal space gray j the ordinary spots are large and pale in color. Solifaria is of much the same color, but the basal space is not pale, and the ordinary spots are small and yellow ; the triinsvcrse lines gray. The remaining species have an evident black dash at base of prima- ries. Ochro(f((ster varies from yellow to bright red brown ; the transverse lines obsolete; the primaries are long and narrow, subequal, and thus distinct from the remaining members of the series. Two color divisions are indicated in the balance of the species; the tirst of various shfides of brown, the costa usually paler ; the second ash or darker gray, with somewhat longer primaries, apices more dis- tinctly marked. Jcnsis is dull fuscous brown, the costal region gray ; ordinary spots also gray, distinct; orbicular oblique, oblong, open superiorly. Furtivns is veiy like the preceding, but the orbicular is V-shaped, and there is a series of distinct sagittate spots preceding the s. t. line. Wcslermani is allied, but is more sordiircr(fcns {rcrsipellis) is more nearly iillicd to ti\sscU(itii,\m[ is veiy easily distiiiguisliable by the white marked subcostal and iiiedimi veins and the white powdered annuli of the ordinary spots. Kedimicula is very distinct by its {generally dark color, very hirijc and evenly pale f?ray ordniary sjtots, basal apace gray above the l)laitk dash, and short, stnnipy primaries. Atrifem is a somewhat Inteous form, tlie transverse lines indisliiict, ordinary spots (joncoloroiis, cell incompletely dark. Tcssellnidcs and sllens are the asli-<;ray species. The former is darker, the transverse lines are more inideiit, and the vestitnre is (M)arser, The latter is pale, the transverse lines are obsolete, and the vestitnre is smooth, even. SYXOl'SIS OK SI-KCIKS. TransvorHe lino.s distinct, broad, palf I'KUNai.di. Triins^'orHfi liiiiJH iliHtinct, Hiii<;li', black; priiiiarmH iliill aMlii-n j^ray. Br.sal danh pro.scnt, collar black liiiod. Median spaco darker; ordinary spots and transverse lines sliarply delined, llnicoloroiiH, piile Inteous; transverse lines obsolete; ordinary spots indetinite, TiaSTICUI.A. asal dash and line of collar wanting. Woolly elotliinj; of breast i)ale :\irxis. Woolly clotbinfi of breast black DtssoXA. Transverse lines f^eminato variably distinct. Basal dash of primaries wantinji. (Jolor bright, bluish white, winj^s parallel, rather lonj; ki'isoidms. C(dors, reddish to brown, to blackish, wings trigonate, apices not, evia1<>. SOUTAKIA. Color liitcons brown: ordinary spotn lar,ier; eosta less arelitxl ; winjjs narrower inkki.ix. Costal region and ordinary spots clay yullow, not eontraslii)}; ; prinnirieH more ••vi'ii, siib-parallel isi.ANniCA. Costa eoneolorons: Htibeostal and median voiiiH wliit4! ; .irdinary spots ringed and pondi-red witli wliite itiVKltiiKNS. Costal ball' of basal spare, and tbe lar;;e ordinary spots blnisli ^ray ; prinniries stninjiy iti:»iMiri'i.A. Dnllliiteoiis: transverse lines obsolete; ordinary spots rather small atkikkka. Primaries Ion-;, tri^onate. apiees prodneed ; colors f'ray. Park ;ii.4y, powdery: ordinary Hpots paler; transverse tnacnlation distinct, TKSSKLI.OIHES. Pale, wliitisb; ordinary spots concolorrtiiN; transverflo niaonlation indistinct, sji,i;n8. Carueades fernaldi Morr. 1-75. Morr, Proe. Ae. Nat. Sei. Phil., HT:., J'J'.t, .t;irolh. IH--,'. (Jrl., III. Ks.iay. T,:l. pi. i, f. It, AijrotiH. Ftiscoiis ))r<)\vu, wuhIumI with lilac ;rray ; tfansverse lines vory tlis- tinrt, ovtMJ, f;t'miii;it«', tin* iiicliiilcd .space },'ray ; the l»a.sal spac*' most tUMisoly iM)\V(l('n'(l witli ^ray scales. T. a. line very ohlicpie oiitwanlly, its coiifse very sli^rhtly siiinat*' ; t. p. line nearly parallel to outer mar- {Tin; the inferior portioti of nuMlian space very narrow. S. t. liiu't lilac jjray, irregular; inwardly determinate, outwardly shadinj; into a ^'ray siilVnsion of the fertninal Hpaee. Clavitorm stmill, oiitlinod. Ordi- nary spots lar};e, detined, powdered with jjrii.v ; cell before and between tbe spots black. Secondari<>s dusky, ;i marked discal and terminal ])aleliiie. Meiieath ad and thora.x lilac \f,\'\iy. Kxpands .'{7""" : \Xi inches. IIaimiai' — Maim'. A very handsotiie species and so well tnarked that there can bo no mistaking; it. I have se(>n only the typo in Mrs. Ferinihrs collection. M. RKVISION OV SI'KCIKS OF THK tJKNIS AKKOTIS. is:j ...IIASAI.IS, inoH pall), HOI.ITAKIA. il; "nliriiiiv NOK'IIIA iNvorso lines IIKOCiAHIRR |I0II Nlipi'lj. ItAIIOKNSIM. Iti'fon' H. t. . KUItTIVIs. , •-.MrRHMAM. inlly !iiij»(« ; :i.iHC<>iiii{.s. Kifiy ; Hiz<» ..iNKi;i.i.\. mri<>N iiiorit ISI.ANPKA. XltH rill^rcil • IVI.miKNS. ; priiiiaricN :»iMiri'i.A. ATKIKKItA. intincf, I'.LI.OIDR.S. Itstinrt, s|i.r.Na. very (lis- M'v most twanlly, tov mar uw lilac ) 11 ^M'ay Onli- l)ctwi»eii orminal iiio and II ho no rHon. Carneades opipara Morr. l^Tt. Morr.. I'ror. IScmt. Snc. N. 11.. xvii, Kj.'), Agrotii. HT.'i. Morr.. I'Myrlu', I. I'i, tiiiotiH. l-7.'». (Jrt., I'.sycJM', I, 77 -iKlninliia. I'<7.'i. Morr., I'syclu', i, ."."», iiii. n|>. . (IihI.. inldnilicii. 1^.-.'.. Sinitli,.Si.n. Km. Zcii., xi.vi, •,'•»:». .hjroUit: liihradon iisis Stj;r. 1— '1. St;,'r.. Si.-lt. Kilt. Zfit., XI. II. 110, Aiirolin. IHSt. .Moi'Hclil., St.lt. Kilt. Zfjt., XI. IV. 117, Ai/rotin. ls«J."i. ,>ii{r|y and vaiialdy siitlii.scd with hlark ; a costal {iat(!li in s. t. space dusky. Transvcr.sc lines distinct, single; t. a. line npi-i};lit, very little waved ; t. p. line tinely creniilate, aluMit ]iarallel to the onter margin; s. t. line even, pre, usually siiiidl ; round. Cell tilled with hlack. Secondaries dusky ; a darker di.scal and termi- nal shade line and di.scal liiiiide. iieneatli pale, with a distinct, hroad, powdery, transverse line, and a distiiurt di.scal liinule on each winj;. Head and thorax concoloroiis ; collar with a broad blaitk shade. Kxpands :V2-M ' ; l.'jr>-l.r»l> inches. Haimt.xt.— New Hampshire, Mount Washnifjtoii, Lalirador. Mr. (i rote was coinM'l in reCcrrinn o/>j/m>7j ami ittlmnlii'a Moeschl. (wrc Slj/r.) as synonyinouH. The «'rior is .Moj'.schler's, in failing: to reco;;- ni/.e the distinction between the Conns, and Mr. (Irote's lor so posilixely condemninj; Mr. Nbnrisoirs species on msiiHicient jironnds. Mr. Morri- .sou was also correct in descriliin;; his specimen as distinct. The Lab- rador specimen bclbre me is smaller, rather shoiter wiii;;cd, than the Mount Washin;<['oii Hpeciinens, but not othcrwi.sc distinct. I'ntbrtn- nately all are temales, and I can not find in literature any de.s(>riptioii of a male. It is barely possible, therelbre, that the species does not belong; tu this o^roiip. Canieades tiisticula Morr 1H7.1. Morr., Pro.-. Ac. Nnt. Sci., Phil., 1875, 4!«>, .{qroti: Pale, somewhat luteiuis jxray, the transverse lines ob.solcti>; s. t. line indicated by a row of t'nscoiis spots. A basal black dash. Ordi- nary spots (Mim-oloroiis, lar^e, incomph'tcly outlined ; a triaii};iilar black Hpot befoie orbicular j a i[iiadiate \nvU'\\ between the HpulH. 1H4 BULLETIN .18, ITXITKD STATK8 XATI«»naI- MI'SEl'M. r * I* SerofMlaricw fiale, outwunlly diinky. Kenuath |Kik*: di.scal liinul(>s ky. rather iiidetinitt*. lleud and thorax concoion>iu> ; collar with a black liaud. ExinuHUGT"" : IJ> inches. Habitat. — Maiiu*. KajMly e shade line parallel with and ch^e to t. p. line; cell very distinctly hiack. relieving; the lar^e «MHra>lor(Mii( ordinary s|K)ts. Transverse lines ilistinct, single; t. a. line a|>ri;;ht and nearly straight to vein 1, then widely Iteiit out- wanlly to inner margin: t. p. line evenly creiiiilate. parallel to outer margin. i>. t. line tolerably even, preceded l>y a distinct dark shade. ('lavifomi oatliiiess the nuMliaii s|>ai-c. Itenifortn with a more or less evident dusky internal line. Onlinary simttn Meldoin completely outlined. Secomlaries yellowis!i fus«>oa>. B*'Oeath pale: a very distinct broad common line and liniatu diM^I .«|iot. Head aii«i tlionix concolorous. KxiaiMl.t .11-37" ": l.:i'>-\.'A) inches. II ABi I AT. — Colonulo, Nevada. Tlii-t j.|ier of describing the antenna :ls simple. They are lery di'itinetly wrrat** — brush like, as Mr. (irote terms this struct- ure. Ther« IS no doubt of the specific identity of the two form.s. Caiiieades dissona Mo«>mIiI. l-0». Mcvaviii.. \Vi«-ii Km. Moiiatsi'lir., n , :>'>:>, |>l. '.». f. i, A^rolu !»♦•:.. Swiik. Em. .%iiM'r . i, 14. .Iiirotin. I-KJ ■•Hniib. Si.-tl. Kilt, /.••il., \l.vi. "J-J:?. .1i/»(>/m. rmrm Park lf0i'. t'*rk.. I'KH. lioBl. S«ic. Nat. ilinl.. \l. IIH. Pale ajth gray with a lilac tint. Tniiis\erse lines not very distinctly marked: t. a. upright, tolerably even; t. p. very tinely creiiulate, par- al <-l d| rtj l»l a t: RKVISIo.N OF SIM:(UI:.S of the OKNUS ACiROTIS. 185 ' allel with outer iiiurgiii ; h. t. line pv(mi, tiiiirked with a ]irtH;e8e to t. p. line. Chiviforin indistinct, rather lon<; and narrow. Ordinary spots moder- ate, concolomus ; reniforni wilii «larlv, sometimes buff, central shade. Secondaries dusky fuscous. Pteneath pah', powdery; a distinct discal lnnuh>. Head and thorax concoh)rous. Expands .U""" ; l..'iO inches. Ha uitat. — Labrador. I liave seen rt. lW7t. r.rt.. rnu-. Ai-. Nat. S.i. riiil., IS7I. *.>(!•,», Aijroiit. livrpura Morr. 1S74. M«nr., Tror. IJiwf. Soc Nut. Hist., x\ ii, Kil, AgritH*. niuish white, about the tint of New York ('ity milk. liasal space sonu' what powdered with black, a dusky shade throii<;li terminal space, and cell before an«l between ordinary spots, black. Transv»'rse lines };eminate ; t. a. upri};lit, outwardly curved between veins ; t. p. lunulate, somewhat less oblii|ue than outer inar;owdery; dis<* of ]U'imarics smoky; a distinct lunate discal spot on secondaries. Head and thorax concolorous; collar with a broad bhutk line. Kxpan«ls 37-10 "■; l..V-l.(» inches. Haiutat. — ( 'alifornia, Washington. A very distin«'t spj'cies; the primaries are rather narrow. The pale color, large ortliuiiry spots, ami ItlacU cell, will easily separate this trom all allied forms. Caiiieades alticola Smith. IH'.td. Smilli, Trails. Am. Kill. Soc. wii, .M, .|//r«/ij». General color a mixture of red and rlay yellow, varying to a definite bright red-brown or tieep brick re«l. Collar with a dusky central line, • >t apparent in dark specini«>ns. Primaries always with a darker siiude betbre the s. t. line, and usually the terminal space also is darker. In fully marked specimeiit the maculation is as follows: lia.sal line geminate, indistinct, included space paler than ground C(dtir; t. a. line 186 nuLLiyny n»<, unitkh states national mitski-m. !■: t*1 I JB.t 1 ••^ 1 •' r • (^ . I* . jjorniiiate, «li};litly ohliiiuc, stroiifjly outcrurviMl hctwpjMi veins, inclmlcd sp;u'«» j)iil«'r; t. p. line vtM'j* evoii, panilli'.l with oiittT inarfjin, Koiiiiiiine, iiiiuM' liiiti ('n>nulat(% lint', iiicliKlcd space palo, outer lino va;;iu', nt't«Mi wanting; from this ]Miiiit the s. t. space usually begins to ilaiken to the l>ale s. t. line, whicli is very irrej,'ular, sinuate, outwardly curved over veins .'{ and i, and a<;ain over veins (5 and 8, intervening,' inward anj^le quite sharp. (Mavif'orni wanting;; orhicular round, or a tritle oblique, palerinjred, with (Mtncolorous, or somewhat paler center ; n'nit'orm hnj;*', kidney-shaped, pale rin;;ed, inconqtletely outlined inferiorly, wiiere it is somewhat dark filled, outwanlly pale marked; the <'ell between the ordinary spots is usually darker, sometimes bla(;k, and in siu'.h case in pale specimens a eu is dark brownred, with all save the s. t. line lost, the preceding shade very slightly marked, ordinary spots coiKMtlorous, the pale deiining line very narrow. Secondaries in the ^ soiled whitish, with a narrow dusky outer border; in the 9 Tuscous. lii-neath powdery, urimaries n»ore reddish, secondaries whitish, no outer transverse line, >>M'condaries without distinct discal spot. Expands ;{1-;'..V"'" ; 1.2."i-1.40 inches. IT AIUTAT. — Sierra Nevada, California. A largo series of this interesting species is before me, showing what I hope is the entire range of variation of the species which is a ditbcidt one to pla<-e in a table by reason of its variability. It is very close to what I jiave determined at satis Harvey, but dilVers in having no clavi- form, in lacking the gray powderings of i)rimaries, in wanting the black defining lines to the median space coiu-ohu-ous and the orbicular always complete. Singh^ specimens of the speci«'s, with partly obsolete macu. lati(Ui, may be dilVn-ult to locate properly. Types are with Messrs. lOdwards and Neutnoegen, and in the U. S. National Museum colle(^ti(Ui. wil V»' ()U| iia| (M wil ,.1.1 I.I iinl Carneades niftila Siiiitli. 1-1^7. Smilli, Pido. I', S. Nat. Miis., \. H'.t, .tijiolis. Somewhat yellowish red brown: median space darker, red brown. Cell, exi-ept ordinary spots, still .(e, ukfii to tli«' • wan! aiij;l(' iHc! ol)|j(||H>, iforiii liii;;<', wlioni it is «'t\W('ll tlH' iii^li case in U: from that H' direction Im'ii tlu« 1. 1». SdllH'tillU'S ly rotnaiiiH, 11^ shade is space may •o\or. The soh'sceiice. Ml all sav<> , onliiiiiry tiHlarics in 9 Tuscons. Ii, in> outer ivinj; what a (linicult [•y (!los«' to 'i no clavi- the Mack ion trans- ' alliiil, it ar always ote niacii. the U. S. 1 hrown. ansverso It ward ly cMi-ved between veins. T. j). line finely and evenly «'rennlate, parallel with the outer niar;;in. From this line, which is like the basal space, very pale yellowish red brown, the color bei-omes evenly darker to the (inter niarjiin, nowl-ere, however, as dark as the median space. iS. t. line narrow, pale, intorrnpted, sinuate. A row of terminal dark lunnles. (Mavitbrni moderate, incompletely outlined, pale. Ordinary spots palo with whitish annuli, moderate in si/e; the orbicular sultoval, not com- pletely eloseil snpj'riorly. IIea(ined, evenly darker median space. Sinct' the spe«Mes was d«'st!ribed I hiive seen a few specimens which indicat*^ a deforce of variability in the contrast between the median and basal s|>aces. One specimen is almost uniformly pale red, but the dusky <'.ell still remained to mark its allies. Carneades basiflava Smith. If^DO. Smllli, Trans. Am. Kiit. Soc. xvii, .VJ, .Itjrntix. Deep, dull luteous br'>wn, with black powderin^s. varyinjj to fpiito deep blackish brown. Collar concolorous, or sometiini's head and collar paler with a ferru;,nnous tin;;e, and with a variably t'vident dark trans- verse line, less distinct in the pale ( -^ ) specimen, black in the r mar;,'in. A f:iint, diffuse, and indelinite median shade forms the d;irk sliadinj; be- tween the ordinary spots. T. j). lim^ evenly and not stronj^ly curved over lenifoiin, very slijrhtly incurved below ; the line is geminate, the inner lack of the distinct contrast between the median space and the basal and s. t. spaces. The orbicular is as in ru/uUij but the under side is mu<;h darker, with the maculatiou not marked. Two specimens, <^ and 9 ,are before nu', differing very decidedly in appear- ance. The male is ))aler, the maculatiou more distinct, and the pallor of the basiil spawn, powdered with gray; transverse lines geminate T. a. outwardly obliipie, curved between v«'ins T. p. Iniudate, outwardly curved over cell, inwanlly beneath S. t. line sinuate, prece«led by a dusky shade or dark spots; tenniiuil space a little darker. (Maviform outlined, <'oncolorous. Ordinary spots large, ctuicolorous; black ringed, and marked with a few yelh»w scales. Secondaries fuscous. Beneath fuscouN, powdeiy, with distinct discal spot and obsolete common line. Head and thorax (Mincolorous; collar with a black line. Kxpands L'S-.TJ""; 1.1L»-1.'J.S inches. IIAHITAT. — California, Nevada, Montana. A small species, rather illy defined. The res(>mblance to the tyjucal forms of the group is obvious, but the cell is not s«> u labeled HatiH and from Mr. Tej)per's colletition one so dt^tertnined by Mr. Grote. Several other speiily com- n labfled Ir. Grote. irely like 's hands, lopted. Carneadea reiia •Sinitii. WM. Smith, Traiia. Am. Kiit. Soc, xvii, r>:t, .IgnitiH. (leneral color varies from a very pale carneoiis gray to a distinct red- dish gray, the change being rather one of intensity than (;(»lor. Head and thorax imiiiaculate, palpi dark at sides. Primaries with the macu- lation not strongly contrasting, transverse lines sometimes obsolete; in fully marked specimens basal line distintrt, geminate, black. T. a. line very slightly tuitcnrved, irregular, geminate ; outer line blackish, broad, distinct; inner line faint and more even. T. p. line geminate; outer line punctitbrin, inner line narrow, crenulated, its course rather even, and not stn)ii,;ly ontcurved over reniform. S. t. line pale, narrow, very slightly irregular, relieved by a distin(;t dark, rather narrow pre- ceding shade. A narrow interrupted dark terminal line. This macu- lation may be wanting in ]iart or entirely. One specimen lacks all but the merest trace (»f the t. p. line; usually the s. t. line remains distinct. Claviform small, incompletely outlined, in pale specimens entirely want- ing. Orbicular large, round, slightly irregular, narrowly pale ringetl, a black spot tilling the space between orbi<;ular and t. a. line and an- other dusky shade tilling the interval to the reniform; the color of the included sjiace is very slightly paler than ground color; reniform larg«', upright, kidney shaped, narrowly outlined in ])ale, with a leaden gray tilling, becoming blackish inferiorly. These ordinary spots are (constant in the series examined though the distiiuttness varies, as d<)es also the color of the tilling between them. Secondaries soiled white to pale fuscous, the ditfereiice not sexual. lieneath, primaries fuscroiis, ]iow- dery, pale atcosta, with an outer transverse line visible only at costa and a large «liscal spot; secondaries much paler, powdery, with a dis- tinct outer shade line and large discal spot. Expands .'U-33"""; 1. 2.5-1.32 inches. Habitat. — Sierra Nevada, California. The series before me, by the kindness of Mr. Edwanls, s1h)ws quite a long range of variation within comparatively narrow limits. There is little or no change in ground color nor in the relative position or course of the lines or spots, while the whole transverse maculation may be al- most completely gone and only the ordinary spots remain. In structure it fully agrees with tesnellata and insi!in(tUi,iiiul with the latter of these species i- is most nearly allied, being closest to tlu^ form described as vefticalis by Mr. (Jrote. It tlitlt^'s essentially from this, however, in the shape of the ordinary spots, and especially in not having any contrast whatever between median and s. t. space — a marked feature in all the imignata forms. Judging from the number of sitecimens sent by Mr. McGlashan the species is not uncommon. Two specimens referable to this species in Mr. Neumoegen's collec- tion, marked California, without indication of special locality, have the ground color a liiteous brown or reddish, with a faint gray shade lyo IJILLKTI.V ;(8, I'MTKI) HTATKS NATIONAL Mi;.SKUM. over Sill, ami tliu cell lietwetMi tin; onlinury h|h>(h iiimv (ILstiiictly (IiisUn. Otherwise the insM^iiliitioii in practicully identical, and I t-uu nut think thitt \vc bave here a distinct species. 1 III, 0,-»» ■ ft: I »' I' u i Cariieades iiisigiiata Wlk. i<>«;. Wlk., i;. n. Mum., Lfp. iit-t , x, :{:!ii, j«/»«/m. lfV(l>. IJiillii, TiiiiiM. Km. Sim., Loinl., irt-^lt, :{7i», Jijiolm. iltflunila Wlk. Mm. Wlk.,('. It. .MiiH., Lop. ilot. Siippl., xxxii, iJii.?, .Mmiunira. Ifl^-.'. «;it., III. KsNiiy, 1:1, .l>jioli». 18^:{. (art., i'roc. Am. I'liil. Soc, x.\i, l.'rti, .tijiulm. IM.'."!. Siiiiiiil. t';iii. Kill., XVII, :W, .lijroliH. !*■<"<. Mull.. Trans. Kiit. Soc L«m|., l-n'.t, :t7l> pf. m^ii. Iiiliii ' (ill. 1H.V.'. (ill., .Sp. (It'll. Nott., I, •jyw, AijroUx. Idd'J. Uiill.T. Trillin. Kilt. «<.»;., Koinl., H-'.l, :m» pr. 8yii. (Ucolor Morr. 1-71. Mt.iT., I'mi:. null. .S.IC. Ni»«. lIJHl., xvii, ll!',', AijiofiH. IH"."). M'irr., (^iiii. Kill., vii. "Jl-I, Aiirotin. 1-77. Morr., HiiH. Hull., iii.'Jl-,', Aijiotix. vampfHtr'tH (irt. 1875. (Jrt., Can. Kiit., vii, l!-^, pi. I, f. (i, Aijiotii, .I-I7.".. (irt., I'roc. Ac. Nal. Sci. IMiil., \r*7:>, W.l, Ayiotin. l-*?;'!. Miirr., Can. Knt., vii, *il4 _ (taolor. lH7ri. (irt., Can. Kiil., \ 11, •.'•27 — dtnilor. 1«77. (in., Kiill. (icol. ,>>iir\., iii. IIH, Ayrolh. (■-"S. (irt., Hull, (lci)l. Siirv, i\ , I7i'i, AyroliH. iH'j'J. HiUUt, Trims. Knt. Soc, Lunduii, IW-H, :!7li pr. syu. var. VKitTiCAi.is (irt. l-WO. (irt., Hull. Itklii. Knt. Soc, iii, Silt, Ai/iotia. 18ri'>. Smith., Can. Knt., xvii, (i -^ (leiluratu. Ground color from carneous grjiy to deep blackish or brijiht rust red brown; terininsd space always, median spiict^ nstiiilly a shade or two diirker than other parts ofwin^'; cell between ordinary spots and to t. p. line black or blackish brown ; lines geminate, variably distinct, and varying in course, especially t. a. line. S. t. line vjiriably distinct, pale, sometimes only marked by the limit of the diirk terminal spiice. Clavit'orm distinct, outlined, Viiriiible in si/.e iind sliiipe. Ordiuitry spots very large, concolorous, outlined in black, iinnidate with yellow stjales. S(;condaries dusky to dark fuscous. Beneath powdery, variable in shiide, a nu)re or less incomplete common line itiid disual liinuie. E.xpiinds 3l-.'{4"""; l.liri-L.'i.j inches. llAniTAT. — Nova iScotia, Canada, northern United States east of Kooky iMountains. A very decidedly inconstant sjiecies. Thirty (.'r more specimens ure before me, and except for the variety vcrtiralis no two are alike. It is dillicult to describe such a species as this, which varies so in color, and even in maculation. The wings are comparatively rather short, broad, trigonate, the apices rectiingidar. The ordinary spots are al- ways very large aud distinct, contrasting against the dark tilling of ^:UM. KKVISIUN OF .SI'KCIF.S OF TIIK GKNl'S AGUoTlS. IDl irictl.v lie at all eoni'usrd are t<'HHiUears in the high Western plateaus. Canieades lewisi Cit. Irt7:i. (irt., IJiill". Mull., i, i:J7, pi. I, f. Id, I'lfimerlnpodd. '' <5 Jieddish i»nr|de brown, not unlike Aijintis jtlertit or IcHntstujmn in general color, but moieroliust, and without the paie longitudinal shades oil primaries. Transver.se lines obliterate; niedian lines dark, narrow, ' faint ; t. p. line sublunulate, projected opposit^is the cell, running evenly to iiitermil margin. Unlinary spots large, concolorou.s, with a narrow, pale, powdery etlging separated by the black, welldetiiied shade wiiich tills up the cell and is slightly a]iparent before the orbicular. Median shade apparent below the orbictdar ami appro.vimate to the t. p. line. Subterminal line, pale. Terminal space duller, paler, le.ss red tliantlie rest of th»i wing; no terminal line, fringes coniM)lorou.s. Hind wings pale, testaceous fu.sctins, silky, without marks above or below. Head ami thorax reddish; feet pale dotted; abdomen a little darker than sec- ondaries. Costal edge of primaries with anteapical pale dots, visible on tin', red-stained costal etlge beneath. The forewings beneath are like secondaries without marks." lOxpands 'M """; \.'M imthes. llAiUTAT.— Colorado. (C^oll. T. L, Mead.) In the de.S(!riptii»n of the genus I'U'itnertnpoda Mr. (Jroto well dclines the characters t»f the ^('««r//«^r group. There is thus no doubt of the position of the speiries which 1 am strongly inclined to believe a mere variety of iessellata. I have specimens agreeing perfectly with the de- scription as to color, but all have the t. a. line perfe(;tl.> distinct, and none are immacalate beneath. On the.se two points apparently re.sts the claim of this in.sect to rank as a species. It must be provokingly closi^ to some of the reddish forms of tesscUataj but may be entirely distinct. 102 IJI'LLKTIN :tH, rNITKI) STATF.S NATIONAL MISEUM. Cariieadea tedsellata lIurrJH. 5*" I •» I »' IHI.'i. IliiiTiN. Iiipl. III!*. Mii.H.H., .Iijriiliii. lH4'itl. lliirriN, liij. IiiN. Flint ctl., Iiri, .lijntliii. 1^77. (in., r.iill. <;I.Sm\ , III, 11", liiroliH. I*":!. Siiiiiiil., Fruit Iii^m-cih, :',-i~, I'. :»Ui, .I, (Jan. Kilt., VI, II", |tr. HVii. 187^^. Liiitii., Flit, font., IV, !•,»•.', iir.Hvii. nii/rii iiiik', |{il*-y. If<(>l». Kili-y. IhI U.'|tt. Ins. Mu., "7, lyra/ix. itlniiniri>iirtii (irt. lf^7. (Jrt., Itull. (miiI. Snrv., ill, ll", .l.r/ri»/M. Ash j^ray to dark n*«l lnowii, inoralc with bha'k, the veMtitiire roii;;ii, H<|iiaiiiino.s«'. Tiaiisvcr.'^c lilies iiH ill insujnatn liiit less ilistiiict and tiiicr. 8. t. liiu^ usually distinct, yi-I lowish, sinuat*', ol'tt'ii prcccdfd l»y a darker shade, the terminal space ilarker. Clavilorin taint ly marked. Ordinary spots nsnall.x well si/.etl, jiowdered with jrray 4>r yellow ; or- liiiridar often small, round ; renit'orm powdery, often obseiired liy a dusky slnule. Secondaries tiiscons, paler toward liaise, lieneath, as in inHuj- nttt(t. Kxpands ;{l,'-."5."*"""; l.L'."-!. to inches. Hauhat — Canada and I'nited Slatt's. Compared with inHi(/ii^t niid tiller. I't'dnl hy a tl.v iiiarktMl. yellow ; or- I l>yHe. Speci- f liutgers ('ollego, (■one(!tion of Ily. Kdwunls, ami collection of U. 8. Niitionul .MiiHeum. This form may be rather closely related to Mr. (Jrote'H atriyilisj which 1 «lo not know. Carneades alblpeniiis Urt. l-*"*. (Jrt.. HiiH'. Itiill.. III. IIS .iijioliH. Kr*. (Jrt., Itiill. «Mt>l. Sniv., \ i, JT.'i, .iijiotiH, l-":t. (in., I'roL-. Am. Phil. Sr. .syii. Fuscou.s to deep blackish brown ; the freneral appeanuu^e very lik(» .sonn- forms (*t insi;)n erse lines miudi more faintly marked and liner; t. p. line usually oi>solete ; ordinary sp(»t.s size and form as in insiijudfif, but (roneolo; >iis with darke.-t por- tiiui of win;; (except cell). Secondaries S \,..ite, 9 fn-' -uiLS. Tlii.s Iatt<>r cl ' (cr is distinctive of the species. Kxpands ;{1"''; l.l.'"i inches. liAlllTAT. — lOast of Kocky Mountains, Camuia. This is a very pretty ami distinct little specries, which is easily rocoff- ni/able by the smooth even troloriii;; and «liisky, lar;,'c sized ordinary 8|M>ts. The white .secondaries of the mah' as com|iai'ed with the dusky color of the female easily .si'jiarate the specues from all the allied forum Carneades spectanda .Smitli. 1890. Sinitli, Tnuis. Am. Mill. Soc., xvii, .M, .tgrotit. (leneral color a rather biijjht luteoiis ^ray with a glaiicus tint over all. Head somewliat darker, with a consitlerable admixture of blairk .scales. Inferior part of (;ollar also dusky, limited by a distinct trans- verse black line above which are white .sirales. The pata;;ia5 arc al.so Homewhat darker and mai-;fined with blaiik .scales. Primaries very smooth in j,'ciicral color, the tcniiiiial s|(ace. and costal portion of s. t. spaje ilarkcr, mm-e powdery, cell tilled with black about tin* pah' (M"* : an incomplete, imperfectly marked common line. Head and thorax concoloroii;;. Expands ;}l-;5;{""" ; l.LM-L.'U) inches. Hahitat. — Colorado, northwest IJriti.'ih Columbia. There is no dilliculty in recoj,'nizinu' this species once it is referred to this jiroup, but it mij.cht with almost e<|U.il justice have been referred to iiii'SNorid and associated with (nhiruUirix. The black shading; on C4'll is indetinite: the nudian shade more or le.ss ev: without doinjf violence to the arraii};«Muent. In truth lliis is one of tho.se unfortiinato forms that lit mnvhere ami has no decided Hiaracteristics. It is one of those species that there is a temptatitui to utterly destroy to get rid of it. A 9 specimen from IJritish Columbia, received since the above was written, has the median shade less marked, the darkenin^M)!' the (U'll be- tween the spots .listinct, and a black siMit iN-fore the orbicular. The reference to this groiii* is therefore fully justilied. Carneades basalls<:rt. 1S70. Oil., X. Aiii'T. Knt.. i, '■'>>*. .I'jnih: Tale, rather rusty r»'d brown, ba.sal space yellowish pfray, terminal space darker brown. T. a. Hue indicate*! ou costa and below miildlo, « Iv marked, of ail outi'i ki:visi()N OF .srKciKS of tiif oknus agkotis. 195 )(M!I(».S IS at < of the tcs- xiUipciinis, in, or ovcii cm hie this Had the vc hi'i'ii so lose of the my experi- [!« darker, el.v curved . over cell, -'Uticnhite, lit median 'late, nor- (ioiidaries ("omplete, L'fened to I'ft'i'ied to oil (tII is peeiiiieii. Diit (hiiiig fortnuato is oiio of o yet ri«l )ove was eunctiform, snbobsolete. S. t. line distinct, pale, irre<,'ular. Ordinary spots large, pale, well deliiuMl ; orbicular open superiorly. Claviforin faintly indi- cated, small. Secondaries pale, outwardly fuscous. Ueiieath pale, pow- dery toward apices and alon<; costal inar<;in ; an iiidetinite coniiiion line and an obsoletely marked discal lunule. Head and thorax ferruginous. Kxpands ."57- U>"" ; 1.5-1.(1 inches. 1 1 A HIT AT. — Colorado. Very distinct by the re. Smitli, Stftt. Kilt. Zril., XLVi, '2-iA, .tiirotis. IJiisty, .somewhat yellowish red; powdered with black scales; most distinctly in the median space. Transverse lines pale, gray, even, not well defmeil. S. t. line also gray but little sinuate. Terminal space powdered with black. Claviform obsolete. Ordinary sjiots distinct, moderate, yellowish. Orbicular round, reiiiform normal. Cell between tli»'si»ots but little darker. Secondaries black isli. Ik'iieatlHleep smoky gray, powtiery ; discal lunules evident. Head pale, thorax carneous gray. Expands ;}3""" ; 1.32 inches. Hauitat. — Lal)rador. A single speciiueii from Mr. Moeschler, ticketed"! var. mnflun.'^ Typical conjliiu does not occur in America so far as I have been able to discover. The present species is certainl,\ not vonjlua and agrees with no other form known to me. It has the wing form and .somewhat similar cohu- oflxtsalis, from which it diilcis in smaller size, neatly de- (iiicd, uter margin, the inner line linely crenulated, outer line reduced 196 miLLKTIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. rr- l"W' on, •'t I, I A*. .J , .«:;■, » ■ ■ I* J to a row of small veuular dots which aro sometimes wanting ; sometimes tile entire line is scarcely traceable. iS. t. line irregnlar, concolorous, marked only by the dusky terminal space and by a vagne preceding shade ; a series of small terminal lunules. (JIaviform indetinitely out- lined, coucolorous. Orbicular oval, of good size, black ringed, gray isowdered. Heniform large, kidney shaped, narrowly black ringed, cou- colorous or slightly paler, somewhat leaden tilled iuferiorly. The spots are always distinct, but somewhat variable in point of definition, some- times incompletely outlined. The space between the spots is darker, but never black or prominent. One specimen shows a black spot pre- ceding the orbicular, and another has the entire maculation obscured, the ground color paler tiian normal. Secondaries smoky fuscous, the veins ecimen8 in his collection. Carneades ocbrogaster Gn. ia'>2. Gn., Sp. Gfii., Noct., I, 3i>7, Soctua. 18.%. Wlk., C. n. MuH.. Lop., Il.t. X, 408, Ovhrophitra. 1880. Git., Hull. (m'oI. Siirv., vi, 50. 'irt., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. I'liil. In?;'), VS.\, .Igrotk. yiilariH Grt. 1875. Grt., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci., Pliil. IST.'i, i2\, Ayrotis. 9 titrris (Jrt. 187.^). Grt., ("iin. Ent., vii, 220, Ayrotin. 1880. Grt., null. Gool. .Surv., vi, .182, =ifH7fln«. From bright clay yellow sufl'u.sed with reddish to distinct red brown. In |)ale specimens median space more brown or reddish ; terminal space darker fuscous; costa somewhat paler. A (!, Agrolia. Ground ries of sagittate blackish K|N>ts precetling the narrow, pale, and slightly irregular s. t. line; ter- minal .«pac-e darker than ground color. In a brown s|»ecinieii with well marked L p. line the s. t. is decidedly paler than the nieeStgr. 1^«7. .«tgr., Stett. Ent. Zi'it., lrt.%7, 303, Agrotis. Smoky fuscous brown; the costa broadly gray. All the lines obso- lete. A Ijosal black line; cell bliickish ; claviform marked. Ordinary sftots concolorous griiy powderc«l. Orbicular round, o{H?n above; reu- ifonn not distinctly outlined. Secoudaries fuscous: a dusky lunule evident. Beneath dusky, powdery; a distinct dark discal lunule. Ileail and thorax concolorous; collar interiorly gray, marked with a black line. Expands 32™" ; 1.30 inches. IIabitat. — Labrador, (Ireenljind. Allie«l to idakfteH*ii(y but at once distinct, not only by the obvious diflffrenccs in m.u'ulati«)n, but also by the shape of primaries, which iu this s|iecies have the costa very strongly convex, whereas iu the former ng; at all ill marked le, without geminate, irvcd in fe- ll (letiiied; S. t. s|>a(;e jc hiackisli . line; ter- with well ■space, and arked. A ► like clav- y variably a ordinary )I)en supe- iy cuttinj^ imes with eecimen undur examiuatioo I believe came from Moeschler by the courtesy of Mr. Cramer. I have never seen another anything like it. Carneades obeliscoides On. iaV2. fJn., Sp. (Jon. Xoct., ii, 2<.t:{, AgroltH. IHV}. Wlk., C. I{. Mns. L.^p. Hut., X, XM, .i;irotix. 187H. Oraef., Bull. IJklii. Ent. Hoc, i, 'J=zuhi'li>i. (jit., Cau. Eut., VII, 102, pr. hju. lr!7"<. Graof., Hull. Hklu. Eut. Sue, i, '.^—obeU»ca. Ked brown, or dark«'r; nietlian space deeper brown; cell blai;k ; costa to t. p. line white or pale gray. Transverse lines distinct, geminate; t. u. not crossing costa, oblique, curved between veins; t. j), oblique, sinuate, slightly crenulnte. S. t. line i)ale, interrupteecimens, and '"rge discolorous reniform. Canieades infeliz Smith. 1890. Smitli, Trans. Am. Eut. Soc, xvii, r>7, Agrotis. General color red-brown, varying in shade. Head and collar infe- riorly either gray or yellow, with a ferruginous admixture, contrasting; a black transverse line across the middle of the collar limits the pale space superiorly, and above this line the collar is concolorous with thorax. Thoracic disk in the specimen even, concolorous; in another the entire color is darker, the tuftings are gray tipperni larg:e, h marked, -'(•ondaries s paler. hcJisvoidcH rc.icellens le lack of V its very line, and me direc- II}; differ- National I'm black, osta and s. T. a. I 1, ont- ind mar- con traat )rdinary Ceneath ' powdery, an external common line and discal spot. Thorax and head concolorous; collar with a dark line. Expands 31)"" " ; 1.55 inches. llABiTAT. — Iceland, Labrador. Closely allied to obeliHcoides, the typi(!al niacnlation entirely present. It differs from that species in tlie comparatively hnijjer, narrower pri- maries, the non-contrastiii}; ordinary spots, and in the position of the t. p. line, which in obelincoidcs is very close to the reniform, Imt in islamlica is far beyond it, half way to the outer mar|;;in. This wiilens the median and narrows s. t. space in this species. The description is introthiced here only because the species has so lonj; been catalojrued in our lists and has been entirely mistaken. 1 do not think it has ever been fouml in North America, but very likely will be found in Alaska or in the Hudson Bay territory. The locality (Lab- rador) given by Staudiger is based upon opipara Morr., which is not this species at all. Carneades colata Grt. 1^81. Grt., Can. Ent., xiii, 1:51, Aijrolix. " 9 Like vcrsipellis, but a little larger and without the white lines on the veins. Entirely dark, piu ply brown ; thorax and head reddish brown. Stigmata a little hoary ; orbicular large, open; reniform wide; claviform indicated. Lines very faint; an indistinct, paler shade fol- lowing the t. p. line; t!ie terminal space also indistinctly paler. Hind wings concolorous dark fuscous. Mount Hood, one fresh female s[>eci- men. Can not be confounded with any other species from the color and its affinity with vert ,'t7/j«." No specimen to which this description could be fitted has been found as yet. The characters given would seem to indicate a species clo.se to teasellata, but the open orbicular forbi M' l»t Jir 1 I 0* 202 IllILLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. a black, Noinetiinus dittusu, basal patch. Traimverse lines essentially as in obelm-oidi's, but the median space is somewhat more narrowed inferiorly. 8. t. line distinct, pale, sinuate, and 8li;;htly dentate. Ordinary spots moderate, defined, annulate, and powdered with white. Orbicular ovate, oblique; renit'orm upright, rather narrow, kindey- shaped. Clavitbrm evident, distinctly outlined, variable in size. Secondaries fuscous, lieneath powdery, variable in color ; a more or less distinct common line and discal spot. Head an, Agroi'is. 1879. Strk., Hi-pt. Chief Eny., 187d-'7l), v, It^Gl, Ayrot>n. Reddish to dark fuscous brown, washed with bluish gray ; median and terminal space darkest. Costal portion of basal space paler gray; basal black dash ditfuse. T. a, line obsolctely marked below median vein; outwardly oblicpie geminate. T. p. line indistinctly marked, eveidy sinuate. S. t. line pale subobsolete, sinuate, most generally marked only by the ditterence in shade between s. t. and terminal spaces. Claviform marked. Ordinary spots very large, even bluish gray ; well defined. Secondaries fuscous, paler toward base. Beneath variable in shade, powdery, a distinct discal lunule on each wing. Head and thorax concolorous ; collar inferiorly gray, followed by a distinct limiting black line. . Expands 30-33""" ; 1.20-1.30 inches. Habitat. — Northern States east of Rocky Mountains ; Canada. A rather small form with short, broad primaries, and very large evenly gray ordinary spots. The gray so largely predominates that it gives the impression of a much more even coloring than actually exists. The difference of color in basal space is a distinctive feature. The in- sect is not rare and y»^t is not very abundantly represented in collec- tions. Mr. Strecker records it from Colorado in September, Mr. Hill says July 30 in the Adirondacks. UM. REVISION OP SPECIES OP THE GENUS AGEOTIS. 203 esseiitially a narrowed Lv deiUiitf. witU white. JW, kiiiduy. e ill size. a more or X coiicolor- udes, with- vitli white T evidently union, and Southern my extent lUion Mian ineof this . Waliier ; median ler {rray; median marked, generally terminal n bluish Beneath ch wiug. ived by a Ida. try large » that it y exists. The in- J collec- Mr. Hill Carneades atrifera Grt. 1878. Grt., null. Gool. Siirv., iv. 17:?, .lyrolh. 18«(). Grt., Bull. Gcol. Snrv., vi, 'JWt, .tyroliH. Grayish fuscous, the narrow terminal space somewhat darker. A black shade at l)a8c; cell black. T. a. line geminate obliiiue, curved between veins. T. j». line obsolete or very faint. S. t. line unusually close to margin, faint. Veins somewhat marked with darker fuscous. 'Maviform faintly outlineil, rather large. Ordinary spots moderate, concolorous, or slightly jialer; orbicular oval not quite <;losed supe- riorly. Secoiularies pearly gray, outwardly darker. lieneath pale, powdery; a distinct discal lunule. llead and thorax concolorous; collar with a distinct black line. Exi)ands 31-34"""; 1.25-1.35 inches. IlAiiiTAT. — Sierra Nevada, California; Maine. A very distinct form, readily recognized by even fuscous color, rather obsolete transverse lines and distinct ordinary spots. It conllicts with none other in this group. The geographical (iistribution is worthy of note, and indicates that the species will be found in iSritish Columbia. Carneades tesselloides Grt. 1880. Grt., Hull. Gcol. Surv., vi, M), Jgrotis. Fuscous, washed with various shades of gray ; terminal space usu.ally V darker; costal region paler gray. Transverse lines geminate, not dis- tinctly marked course much as usual. S. t. line distinct pale, sinuate. Biisal dark dash (litfuse, somewhat indistinct; cell variably darker. Claviform outlined, not distinct. Ordinary spots large, gray; orbicu- lar ovate, often not quite complete superiorly. Secon«laries whitish to fuscous. Beneath, pale powdery, llead and throax concolorous ; col- lar with a black line. Expands 31-38'""' ; 1.25-1.50 inches. Habitat.— California, Arizona, Montana. A near ally of sUens, but much darker and more definitely marked, yet the maculation aside from its depth or definition is ideiiticral, and I regard the ilistinctness of the species as not free from donl>t, the more so as this 8i)ecies is exceedingly variable in size, ground color, and dis- tinctness of maculation. Carneades silens Grt. * 1875. Grt., Can. Eiit., vii, (57, Ayrotia. Whitish over pale fuscous; costal region and ordinary spots gray. Transverse lines geminate barely traceable. S. t. line obsolete. Ter- minal space slightly darker ; veins faintly dark lined. A distinct black basal streak; cell blackish. Claviform faintly marked. Ordinary spots moderate, defined ; orbicular oval, not quite closed above. Sec- ondaries white. r>eneath wJiite, powdery. Collar with a black line; head and thorax concolorous. 204 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ExpaiuU 38""" ; 1.5 iiiclies. Habitat.— Calilornia, Nevada, Arizona. Easily rtM!0}jiiizable by tlie palo color and lack of transverse macula- tion. It conflicts with no other species of the jjroup except ])erhapH texfuUoidcH, and it ui.ay eventually claim that spe. 18H0. GrotP, Bull. Gcol. Siirv., vi, Mi, Aijrotis. Front smooth, vestiture hairy, an teinne of ^ bipectinate. Pale ash- gray, i)owdered with blackish. Transverse lines consisting of a series of blackish, vcnular spots. S. t. line faintly marked by a slight ditfer- ence in tint between s. t. and terminal space. A dusky terminal line. Orbicular a small blackish spot, lieuiform narrow, dusky, upright. Secomlaries outwardly dusky. Expands 31"""; 1.25 inches. Habitat. — Florida. To the kindness of Mr. Thaxter, I owe an opportunity of examining the type. It is in miserably poor condition, and it is impossibly to say certainly where it belongs in the series. The middle legs alone remain ; a stump about 1""" long of the left antenna' is all that remains of those organs ; and last and most provoking there is a $ body pasted on what UM. REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE 0ENU8 AGKOTIS. 205 rse macula- pt iiurbapH iety. Tbero laced in tliiw L'ut one, but .s. )ni). Fore- iiceons; at 0 lines are prominent •8 dentate, with whit- lee a little Jiiid winog ncent cen- le." are two or I in apply- )rnia— this Pale ash- f a series 1,'iit ditl'er- iiinal line, upright. xamiuing )ly to say remain ; ■» of those on what . was obviously a i . The species is thoroughly aberrant for an Agrotis, but there is not enough of it remaining to dispute the generic reference. It seems to suggest my teppcri to some extent and may tiiul a place near it when goml fortune turns up other specimens. Agrotis littoralis Pack. IHfiS. PiMk., I'roc. IliiHt, Hoc. Nat. HiMt., xi, :M5, .Itjroliit. S of a uniform glossy, pale, luteous, tawny brown ; antenna' well ])ectinated ; palpi very large and stout, with long cilia beneath : third joint long, porrect, cylintlrical, acute. Front coiu;olorous with thorax and abdomen being of a pale brown. Fore wings siiumth, on thf basal third of the wing a black, irregularly, qua«lridentate line, the teeth between the nervures ]»()inting outwards between the median, s. m., and internal nervures, but directed inwards on the median space, then curv- ing outwards on the costa nearly to the middle of the inner discal circle, which is large ami formed by a simple, brown, unshaded ring. The outer reniform spot is large and shaded on the inner half, especially on the lower end at the origin of the mesial nervures. IJeyond is a simple line, broadly curved opposite the reniform, from the outer third of the costa to the inner third of the hind margin. Beyond is a]iarallel line of dark streaks of uniform length, and beyond is a submarginal line, diffusely shaded inwards and forming a diffuse, triangular, dusky spot on the costa, below which is an angular sinus; on the submedian fohl it is bent inwards. A marginal dark line, scarcely interrupted at the nervures. Fringe long, concolorous with the rest of the wing. Hind wings a little more dusky than the anterior pair; pale on the costa, edge dark, fringe pale, tawny, concolorous with the costa. Thorax darker than the body. Beneath dusky, with a diffuse, . line S-whaped, in tht , Idle with four acute ptunts. Ordinary spots somewhat paler than ground color ; claviform wanting. In one i specimen there is between the spots a bent black transverse line, strongest at hind margin, almost attaining anterior margin. At outer third is a paler, indelinite transverse shade which, as in inlandiva, has no sagittate marks, or has them but faintly indicated. lietween this and the outer margin is a darker shade which does not attain the anterior margin. In tiie paler basal space a rudi- mentary transverse line is visible, strongly margined outwardly with white. Fringes ash gray, mixed, with a darker line at base. Beneath, dirty whitisli gray, at the anterior margin with darker atoms. Cell rather darker. Secondaries uniforndy gray ; friisges white, at the base yellowish. Beneath dirty white at outer margin darker, at anterior margin with darker atoms. An indetiuite diseal spot. Habitat.— Greeidand. This species is a[>parently close to munis Cnt, (=:sub!nti,s Grt.), and indeed it is somewhat ditiicult to mark exactly what the ditterences between the two can be. Still I have hesitated to make them syno- nyms without seeing specimens more rearly agreeing with the too de- tailed description. Agrotis uanalis Grt! 1881. Grt., Ciin. Ent., xiii, 131, Agrotis. " 9 . The smallest species known to me. All the tibia? spinose; eyes naked} body untufted. A slender sjiecies which may be compared to opaca. The fore wings are blackish with the lines lost. The stigmata are concolorous, diflicult to make out. The orbicular is elongate, the / IIM. RKVISION Of SI'KCIKS OK TIIK OKNI'S AOUOTIS. 207 )t. Median \ivv bruwii ; j,'riiy,lorous fus- cous grisetms, with the veins soiled and a faint dis(Nil mark. Beneath griseous, the primaries a little brownish. The costai preupical dots visible beneath and to be made out on the upper surface. Abdomen like himl wings. Head brownish; tegnla- blackish; disc of thorax paler. Expanse L'« ; Nevada.'' Nothing to whi(di this descri[)tion will tit is known to mo. Agrotis viralis (Jrt. IK-^. Grt., I?iill. (mm>1. Siiiv., VI, -.'tJO, .hjrotis. '' i . Antenna) ciliate beneath. Kore tibia; unarmed, unless acci- dentally the spini-s are broken olf, which sometimes occurs. Tale faded yellow fuscous, collar with a faint line. The lines obsolete. A blackish dash at base; another below it on interinil margin ; a dash across the submedian spa(;e, and the cell before an with hajn in the check-list; but th«'. structure of anteiime will hardly sutler it to remain there. Yet wc are unable at present to assijrn a cert«»in position to it. It seems in some respect, /. c, the sin^de lim-s, allied to the vnrnca group ; but very ditferent from any s{>ecies known to me. Sonu'where I have seen a specimen Yiamed /».s7(// by Mr. Grote, and this was very like vathvrnm (Jrt. I d.o not lind that I made any ijoto of it, however. Agrotis tenuicula Morr. l-'TJ. Morr., Vnw. I'.o.st. Sixj. N. If., xvn. li::j. " Habitus and markings of Atjr. ronthia Tr., from which it differs in the uniform gray color of the posterior wings, the presence of two dis- tinct (iuneiform markings before the subterminal line and below the costa, and in the size of the subterminal space which is much wMdor than in conjlna.''^ Expanse 3;5""". II A HIT AT. — New York. Thechancesar*' that this is a foruntf prn-onflua Grt., but 1 am not pre- pared to mal:e the relerence delinitely. 1 have no iilea who could have furnished the type of the species and have never seen any specimens BO named. Mamestra insula Wlk. 185(5. Wlk., ('. M. Mils., Ltp. Il.f., i\, rn. Mamrbiciilari "Female. — Dark ferruginous brown. Abdomen brownish cinereous. Fore wii;£js wif i bhiek marks at the base and ah)ng tlie costa, and with transverse undulating bhiek double lines, which are partly bordered with testaceous; an exterior incomplete transvvirso undulatiug testa- ceous line; reniform spot and orbicular spot large, partly testaceous, the latter somewhat oval, flind wings cinere' with brown borders and j>alo cinereous ciliiu. Length of the body 7 lines ; of the wings 16 lines. *'<«. Orilla, West Canada. Froni Ar. Bush's collection." It is impossible to tipply this ilescription. Mr. Cirote, whose reference of tiie species to Af/rotis has been followe.5 gives no suggestion as to the species it most resembles or where its allies are to be fouud. Agrotia patula Wlk. l-^r>r.. Wlk., (.". IJ. Mum,, L.j». Hot., x, [i'-l'J. " Mas. — Ob.scurecervina; palpi fusel ; anteniiie nignr!, mediocriter poc- tinata* ; abdoiiieii pallidum; ahe anticie lifiiris l>asalibus, striga diseali, strigis exterioribus, fascia iMKiompleta, ma(;uhi siilniuadrata, biiinlis(|uo margiiialibusnigris, orbiculari et renilbraii iiidistinctis; postica', einereic, niarginefuscescente ciliia albidis. " Male. — Dull fawn color. Palpi brown. Antenna- black, moderately pectinated. Abdomen paler than the tiiorax. Fon' wings with black marks at the base, with a slight black streak in the di.->k, with an in- coiiii»lete black band, with exterior l)lack streaks, and witii black mar- ginal lunules ; a black, subcpiadrate siiot between theorbiculai and ren- iformspotswhi(;hareindistini!t, Hind wingscinereous, brownish toward the border; cilia) wiiitisli. Lengtii of the body (Hines ; of the wings 14 lines. "a. United States. Presented by F. DouMeday, Fsq." I>;{- I J I*" .Hi Agrotis radix Wlk. IKV,. Wlk., C. 15. Mus., L.-i.. Met., x, SM. "P'tMriijiiuiH) riiscji; thorax iiigro fasciatas ; abdomen einerciuu, la- U'rilms ti'iriifjinc'is; ala' aiiticai liueis iioiiuiillis tiansvcrsis uiKlulatis pallidioribus at obsciirioribus, liiiea subinar{;iiiaH aii<;iilo!so albida, striga basali luiuilisiiue luargiiiabbus nijjiis orbiciilari et renilbrini ob- souritdo niarfjinatis, liac iiiaxii'sa, ilia siibovata; postlciu cinerea', iiiai- {iiiiilms obsciirioiibus. Mas. — Aiitjninr ciliata; ; abdoineu valvulis ai>icalibiis niagiiis liiteo pilosis, " Noctua radix Barnstoii i\I8S. " Feniijfiiioiis brown. Thorax with a black band. Abdomen cin- ereous terrii};:inoiis alonj^ each side. Fore winj^s with several nndnhit- in-"' paler and darker Unes, the submarffinal line an^^nlose and whitish ; a black basal streak and black marjj^inal hinnles; orbicular and reni- Ibrm spots with darker borders, the former irrej;ular!y oval, about half the size of the latter, which is very hirge. llind wings cinereous with darker borders. ^^ Male. — Antenna^ ciliated. Abdomen with largo ai>ical valves, whose hairs are somewhat luteous. Length of the body, 0 lines; of the wings, KJ lines, *• . "Mas. — Fusca; antenna; simplicis au^ t'ix ciliata>; abdomen cin- ereiim ; a^e antica; striga i(la, L'liifoiini oh- nereii', inar- tMi valvulis •doiiiei! cin- nil uiidulat- 11(1 wliitisli ; V and iciii- , about half t'leous with <;al valves, 0 lines ; oi' resented by loMien ciii- bicidari et iiacula dis- Abdonieu ', base and I>()t ; spots I brownish les ; of the lonieti eiii- s(iiu', exto- i; orbicu- " Female. — Hoary. Thorax witii ferruginous and brown band. Ab- domen and hind winjjs cinereous. Fore winj^s mostly ferruginous; the usual transverse lines hoary and blackish, and very distinct; the exterior cue curved, the submarginal one undulating; a short discal deep black streak extending to the reniform spot and interrupted by the orbicular one; the latter is irregularly oval, and not much smaller than the reniform, which is hardly excavated. Length of the body, 7 lines; of the wings, 14 lines. "«. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay. Presented by Dr. Barnston." Graphiphora illapsa Wlk. 18r.7. Wlk., C. 1$. MiiH., Loj.. lU't., xi, 711. " Foem. — Subferrugineo-cine ea; palpi nigro fusci, api(!0 pallidi; thorax autice nigro fasciatus; abdomen cinereum ; abe antica; nigro conspersu', lituris costalib'is lineisque valde incompletis nigris, orbicu- lari obsoleta, reniformi e lituris nigris, fasciis duabus latus ferrugineis lineaque intermedia albida exterioribus; i>osticic cinereie, ferrugiueo uiarginata\ " Female. — Cinerous, with a slight ferruginous tinge. Palpi l)la(!ki.sli brown, with pale tips. Thorax with a black band in front. Abdomen cinereous. Fore wings minutely speckled with black, with black costal nuirks, aiul witli very incomplete black transverse lines ; orbicular spt)t obsolete; reniform indicated by some black marks; a broad exterior ferruginous band, partly divided by a whitish line from the pale ferru- ginous marginal band. Hind wings ossibIy a form nearly allied to elimata G:i. Agrotis ordinata Wlk. 1H65. Wlk., C. n. MiiH., Lop. lift., xx.Mi, C.'.ll. " Foem. — Cinerea, nigro consper.sa, palpi jiorrecti, articulo 3" bro- vissiino; anteinia) subsetulosa' ; tibia- basi fascMculata", ahe antica^ linois !icalis, la abbreviata, .'{a dentata, 4a den- ticulata,spatio marginati fusitescente lineamsubmarginalem angulosam includente, orbicular! et reniformi niagnis nigro marginatis; posticiu pallide cinerea', puncito discali venis s{)atio(|ue marginali ob.scurioribus. ^^ Female. — Cinereous, black sueckled. Palpi porrect, extending a little beyond the luuid, second Joint clothed with rather long hairs; third Joint conical, very minute. Antenna^ very minutely .sotulo.so. AbdoMUMi paler, extending a little beyond the hind wings. Femora fringed on the inner side; tibi.u and tarsi spinose, the former with a li il 3» 212 BILLKTIX -.iX, IXITEU STATUS NATIONAL MISKIM. I •• Ft. I*" ,•4 'I J»t ^•1 .* tuft of bairs alwve at the l):is»». Fore wiiiij.s with four transverse black lint-s: the lirst aiul sefuiul lines tlouliN-, tirst nearthe base, abbreviated hiiKlvanl; second at half the distance between tlie first and the orbic- ular ruark; third dentate, somewhat ditl'use, between the orbicular mark and the reuiforin mark; fourth denticulate, beyond the reniform mark: i>ubinarginal line /A^i-z.-.i'^, of the ground hue, but distin^fuished by the brownish shade which it traverses. Marginal line black, fes tooned : orbicular and reniform mark.s large, with black lM)rders, which are iiilerrnpteo darker; fringe white. Lentil of the l>Mly, S lines ; of the wings, 18 lines. ** We*t Canada. lu the llev. Mr. Uethune's collection." This dt-jicription apiilies very fairly well to s«)nie pale forms of mcs- soria. and the p.,»ecie.s must be close to the latter from the characters gi%'eiu Agrotis vetusta Wlk. l-tZi. W]k., C. It. Mils., Lep. Hit., xxxii, f,lH. "Mas. — Fusc«'s«-ente cinere;> ; palpi ol»li(pn' aM-endentes, articulo 3" longi-^xmico : antenna; robnsta', setulosa' ; ala- antica* nigro conspersa', »tri<^ }>a.sali liturisijue paucis nigris, orbiculari annuliforuii, linea sub- margiriali eiuerea angu!(jsa, pu Metis inarginalirm.s uigris; iKistica- pal- li«Ie cint-rt-a-. fu>cescente marginata'. "Malt/. — Drownisli cinereous. l'ali)i «)biiipiely ascending, not rising so hijzh as the vertex; second joint clothed with .short closely applied ha:r»: thinl joint elongate-ivjuical, acute, very minute. Antenna' stout, verk' minutely setulose. Abdomen eiiiereous, extending somewhat be- yond the hiiiii. Agrotis reticeiia Wlk. •l l-»r.. \V]k.. V. 15. Mas., J.i-i.. H.'t., xxxii, IkI.'. '•Poem. — Fasce.seente cinerea, nigro cons[)ersa, palpi onlique ascen- denti>s. articalo 3o ininiino; antenna' subsetulosa- : ala* aiitica' lineis tribu.H nijrris duplicatis; la, iinleterminata ; 2a, deiitata ; 3a, denticu- lata; »patia marginali nigricautu lineam subinargiualeui ungulosam LM. REVISION OP SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGROTIS 213 verse black »bl(ieviafebliqiie, tlie ier toward nge white. ns of mcs- cbaracters articulo 3" •oiisjiersa', linea sub- 'stica' pal- not rising ly applied Ilia' stout, f'wliat be- inly black tenninate r border; »riii mark lal poiuts exterior ■(Finda G. to be re- fUscesceiite ciiiereani iiiclucbMite; orbiculari et rcuif'oriui nij?ro nuirgi- natis; posticic ciueicie, apud margiueiii obscuriores, puucto discali veuisque nigricautibus. "Female. — lirowiiish cinereous, minutely black speckled, I'alpi ob- liquely ascending, not rising near so high as the vertex; se(!ond joint wit)i short hairs; third, extremely small. Antenna' very minutely setulose. Abdomen cinereous, extending a little beyond the hind wings. Fore wings with three transverse double black lines , first near the basCj very incomi)lete ; second, dentate on the inner side of the or- bicular mark ; third, denticulate beyond the reniform mark. Subnmr- ginal line zigzag, of the ground hue, but disringuished by the blackish shade which it traverses; marginal line composed of black lunules; or- bicular and reniform marks blackish bordered, the former oblique and oblong, the latter of tlui usual form. Iliud wings cinereous, darker toward the exterior border; discal i)oint and veins bbu-kish; fringe whitisii. Length of the body, 7 lines; of tlu! wings, 18 lines. " West Canada. In the llev.^r. Uethune's colle<;tion." Of the other names in the lists A. nivcirenosa Crrt. is an llddnin; A. planalh Grt. is a Ttiniocampid, exact genus not made out from the specimen; A. pi/ropltUoidcs Ilarv. is not referable to the Af/rofifis, but has not yet received any place ; Pachnohia aUiskiV Grt. is an AtfrotijiliHa and belongs near Anarta rather tiian Afp-otis. Mr. Morrison's names are all accounted for, and his species, with two exceptions only, identi- tied. I believe I have all of Guen(''e'ssi)ecies properly r-laced. and only the Walkerian species are in doul»t. Of these I have given transcripts of all referred to A;/ri>tiii. They may belong almost anywhere else, and on the contrary there is every reason to believe that some of his spe(;ies of ^[amcst^•a are really referable to this groui) of genera. It will require careful comparison by sojue one with a thorough knowledge of ourown fauna to identify these species satisfactorily. Mr. Strecker, in his Lop. IJhop. et Met., 7!), records Af/rotisporphnrcn nbn. from Labrador, a determination which I deem extremely question- able. Staudinger gives central and Itorea^ not arctic, Eurojie in the distribution, which doe^ I'ot m ord well with a Lalirador habitat. I have therefore omitted .J. .eferenet' to the s|)ecies elsewhere, but call attention to the matter here for what it is worth. le ascen- i'iv lineis denticu- igulosam c. n, I " (■1 ,•* APPENDIX. Since the manuscript of this revision was handed in, only a few niontlis ago, a number of species difl'ering from all previously 7"""; 1.25-1.50 inches. Habitat. — Colorado, Nebraska, Arizona. 215 216 BULLETIN S8, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM tP4!l •Hit ^'^.Jl I •'■■ - « 1 I*" |*i< : .Jil Four Rpeciinciis, three males and one female, all from the collection U. S. National ^luseum, are before me. Three of these are from Mr. Bruce, collected, one arallel with t. p. line to inner niargin. A series of dark terminal lunules. Claviforiu short, distinct, black margined, the mar- gin diffuse inwardly and i)artly filling the spot. Orbicular large, some- what irregular, outlined in black, wiliiin which is a white annulus, incomplete at the inner costal angle ; center paler fuscous. Reniform large, kidney shaped, black margined, and within this a white annulus; center concolorous with a narrow whitish central line. The cell is darker around the ordinary siK)ts,and a dark blotch i)recede8 the apical pale patch. Secondaries smoky fuscous, ])aler basally. Deneath, i)ri- maries dark, smoky, secondaries grayish powdery ; both wings withau outer line and discal lunule; terminal space rather paler, powdery. Expands 39""", 1.5.5 inches. Habitat. — Colorado. ( . JM REVISION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGUOTIS. 217 i collection 0 from Mr. > tiie Htuall- ks of t. p. G,50() feet," the dusky s also a S , 1 to the t. p. men, with- Mr. George 11 izoiia. se\i(lently Denver S , ire shortly ily whitish me. cous gray, k'ioua tuft- ii'd with a by black- a blackish lie black, ite ; outer he orbicu- ot, resiim- y slightly hich only r margin, ical spot, no, inter- A very reniform, i of dark the mar- ge, soiue- annnlus, leniform uinulns; e cell is le apical ath, pri- I with an lowdery. " 4 '■>■ A single perfect male from Mr. J. Angelman's collection, collected by Mr. Bruce. The species is a very distinct one, structurally allied to geniculata, than which it is much larger, but with much the same general appearance. It is a broad-winged species, resembling in that character badinodes. The front is bulging, but perfectly smooth. Tlie antennal pectinations are very short, unlike those of (jcnirulata, and shorter than in any other of the species referred to Agrotis as restricte. barely indicated by venular dots opposite the cell. S. t. line (Muicolorous, marked by the dusky terminal space and by a series ot preceding, black, sagittate spots. This dark terminal space is interrupted on each vein, all of which send a ray of the ground color to the outer margin, giving the wings ij. char- acteristic radiate appearance which is nni(pie. A llack basal dash to which is atta with a dusky fuscous margin. Primaries with the transverse maculation completely obsolete, the s. t. line only being even, indicated by a series of distinct or even prominent black sagittate spots or dashes, varying greatly iu distinctness in the specimens before me. The claviform is ■ail I! Bn«||, {■pr : HI I, • ": ", liB^ all '•■I I** !•' .aiii 218 BULLETIN :<8, UNITKD 8TATKS NATIONAL MHSEIIM. distinct, black HiumI, makinff a loiifif narrow loop from base almost to the middle of the wing. The orbicular is reduced to a dusky or blackish in- definite elonjsite streak. The reniform is replaced by a blackish lunule at the end of the cell, around which is a variably dift'use and indefmed shading. The veins are black nuirked, and with narrow accompanying whitish shades, which are most jn-ominent on veins three, four, six, and seven, A whitish subcostal shading and a ])aler niore yellowish shade from the end of the claviform to near the anal angle. Secondaries whitish fuscous, darker in the female. Beneath whitish, primaries with disk dusky, both wings with a discal lunule. Expands 37-31)""', 1.50-1.55 inches. Habitat. — Colorado. Four specimens, S and 9 , are before mc, all of them collected by Mr. l>ruce — one ot them from Mr. Angel man, the others from the col- lection IJ. S. National IVIuseum. All are very much alike, ditlering only in the relative brightness of the maculal ion. The geinis rorosagrotis is proposed for a series of spe(!ies of which viuncnula is type, agreeing with Carucudes dit. in structure save as to the S genitalia, the clasper in Carnendes being lengthily bifurcate, while in the new genus it is always a single curved corneous more or less hook-like process. The present species is allied to orthujonUi and dollii in the shortly i>ectinated antennae, having the wing form of the latter si)ecies. The strigato niaculation and the narrow loop like clavi- form easily distinguish it from all its allies. The body is very robust, and the thoracic vestiture thick, giving the species a very plump ap- pearance. Carneades neomexicana sp. nov. Ground color of head, thorax, and ])rimariesa somewhat ycllowisU brick-red. Head inferiorly whitish. Collar inferiorly bright pale gray and tipped with the same color. Patagiie marked discally with bright blue-gray, the thoracic tuftings, which are evident, marked by the same shade. Costal region of primaries bluish-gray, this shade sometimes extending also along internal margin, along the apical venules, and al- ways along the nu'dian vein, braixihiiig on veins four and five and in- denting the terminal space. Basal line indicated below median vein, geminate, paler, delining lines blackish. T. a. line distinct only below costal region, '^-der, outer deiiuing line black, inner concolorous. T. p. line pale, geminate, the defining lines scarcely darker, usually indistinct below veins three and four, and sometimes the line is obsolete below the cell. S. t. line concolorous, marked by the dark terminal space and a dusky preceding shade, indented usually about half way across the terminal space on veins three and four. A series of fine terminal dots. Claviform sir^all, black margined. Orbicular oblong, obliijue, usually open to costa, black winged, then with a whitish annulus, center of palest shade of groundcolor. Reniformupright, moderate in size, normal in form, with a very narrow black and slightly paler annulus, centre uni- / dil M. KEVISIO.N OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AGKOTIS. 219 lost to the lackish in- isli luuule indeflneil mpanying r, six, uiul ish shade icondaries primaries i 37-31)""", lected by II the col- differiug of which save as to bifurcate, s more or jonia and in of the ikechivi- y robust, lunn) ap- ellowish ►ale gray h bright he same motimes and al- and in- an vein, y below T. p. distinct 13 beh)W ace and OSS the al dots, usually nter of normal tre uui- s. ^ / form of a pale shade of ground color. All around ami between the ordinary spots darker. A paler shade through submedian interspace, not reaching the anal angle. Secondaries of the male white, veins dusky, powdered ; female dusky, paler bassally, veins still darker. Be- neath white, i)owdery, disc of primaries, and in 9 of secondaries also, darker. Kxpamls 30-33""' ; 1.20-1.30 inches. IlAHiTAT.— New Mexico. Several specimens collected by Mr. Meeske are in the collections of I\ressrs. llulst and Neumcegen. The species is a close ally of quadri- denta Grt., and I should not be greatly' surprised if it eventually proved a local variety of that species. The most striking character is the pe- culiarly bright reddish yellow ground color, contrasted by the blue- gray costal region and thoraa(te. Clavilorin \vantin;,^ Orbicular lar;fc, coiicolorons, inconipictcly i iiij^cd by a powdery black line. IJetii- forrn moderate in size, blackish powdery without distinct defiuiu}; line. ►Secondaries shadin^j from soiled whitish at base to blackish at outer niarf^iu; veins smoky, """ ; L.'iO inches. Habitat.— Colorado. A sin<,de niah; specimen in jjood (!ondition from collection U. S. Na- tional Museum, taken by 3lr. Itruce, The species is quite peculiar by the dark transverst^ line of front, whi(;li is not fouiul in an^' of its allies. It is close to pcihilis in type of macniation iiut exclusive of the j;roiind color, the luck of the distinct orbicular and the dusky secondaries are (piite suilicient to distinguish it. The tarsi are not annulate. Caineades pcdalis sp. nov. General <'olor of head, thorax, and primaries a fine reddish yellow, or to|)az. Head and thorax immaculate. Piimaiies, l»asal line geiiu- nate, sli;ihtly paler, llu^ outer deliniii;;' line interrupted, Itlackish, pow- dery; t. a. line geminate, paler, very ev«'n and iilinost upright; i: ••■ked on costa by two black spots, from the inner of whicu extends a black powderin<( relieving: the h T. j). line fi'eminate, ]»aler, marked cos- tally by black spots, from the • ,. <" which extends a curved black line reduced to a powderinu' below thecuMi; tlie iniu^ line is delined only by the pale incliuled shade and is creiiidate ; tin; jjeneral course is very even below the costal outcurve. Through the center of the wing is a rather broad, black, sli;jfhtly ir'c^Mdar median shade line, which is the most prominent feature of the wi;i',' i.iaculation. IJeyond the t. p. line the s. t. si)ace becomes powdeiy, darkeninj; to black outwardly, and relieving the concolorous s. 1. 1 sie, which is rather irregular and very distinct, except near anal angle, where the black shade is pow- dery. A row of narrow terminal lunules. ( >rbicular small, round, pale ringed, with concolorous center, lleniform nu)derate in size, normal in form, with an indistinct pale outline lilled with black powderings. Claviform wanting. .Se(!ondaries pure white. Beneath white, primaries with a slight reddish sull'iision, the dark reniforiu re[)roduced; second- aries immaculate. Tarsi annulate with black. Exi)ands 34"'"' ; l..'W> inches. Eaiutat.— Colorado. A single male specimen only of this very pretty and distinctly marked species is before me, from the U. S. Museum collection, taken by Mr. Bruce. 1' belongs to the messoria group of the genus, but is unique in . • f e c KUM. ►liicki.'sli pre- msverse line ,^ Orbicular c line. Itetii- lefiiiin<; line, ;i.sli at outer crieatli whit- idiscal spot; in U. S. Na- ine of front, is in type of the distinct distin<;ui.sh lish yellow, il line jreini- elvish, pow- it; II M-ked ids a l>Ia(!k narked cos- rved black is defined il course is >f the wing e, which is d the t. p. )utwardly, j;ular and de is pow- ound, i)ale normal in nvderings. primaries ; second- ly marked an by Mr, unique in KKVI.SION OF SI'KCII'.S OF THE OKNIIS AGHOTFa. 221 ( every respect. The ringed tarsi ally it to anituIiinH, with which, how- ever. It has litt le else in common. Carueades xylinifoimis sj). nov. Ground <'olor of head, thorax and primaries som«'what bluish ash- gray. Collar with rdi.siinct black transverse line. Patagiu' decilaced, and is readily re(!ognizal)le. Carueades coiijuiicta sp. iiov. Ground color an even ashy fuscous. Head and thorax immaculate. Primaries with transverse lines geminate, the included space some- what paler than ground color. Basal line evident, the defining lines equally distinct and black, even. T. a. line with an even outcurve, somewhat drawn in on the veins; outer line broad, distinct, blackish ; 222 BULLETIN o«, UNITKD STATKS NATIONAL MUSEUM. gltntm\\ ff 1 »^ I'll I ,elow the cell by a ditt'use blackish powder- ing parallel with the t. i>. line. Claviform wanting. Orbicular mod- erate in size, round, black ringerimaries powdery, with an outer line and discal s|)ot, most evi dent in the female; secondaries in the male immaculate, in the female with a distinct discal spot. Expands 30""", 1.15 inches. Habitat — Las Vegas, New Mexico. A somewhat rubbed male, anil a gomi female in Mr. JTenmd'gen's collection, taken by Mr. Meeske in 1889. Tliis species is perhaps nearest to brunncipera, but . no v. Rather pale lutv'o-fnscous in ground color of head, thiuax and prima- ries. Head and thorax with black scales intermixed, forming a rather indefinite margin to piitagiie. Primaries wUh basal and s. t. spaces ])aler tlian median and terminal spaces. All the transverse lines gem- inate. IJasal line well marked, the defining lines equally distinct, black, included spaco concolorous. T. a. line distinct, inner defin- ing line scarcely less marked than the outer, which is black. Its course is outwardly oblique, outwardly curved in the interspaces. T. p. line outcurved over cell, then nearly parallel w:th outer margin : inner line distinct, lunulate rather than crenulate, outer line even, darker fuscous than ground color. S. t. line defined only by the ditter- ence in shade between s. t. and terminal spaces, and marked by a few irregularly placed black points ; irregular in course, (piite strongly in- dented oil veins 3 and 1, without however resembling in other ways the quadridentatii series. A series of black somewhat lunate terminal spots. Fringes witli a pale line at bii.se. Median shade line rather in- distinct, upright, touching inner margin of reniform and reaching the hind margin at the same point with i. p. line. Claviform concolorous, distinctly outlined in bliU'k. Orbicular rather small, somewhat irregu- lar, black ringe*le;i:iU>N Smith. R ; liral'ilis Grt. r?. t i • •( stigma Morr. 11. i( I, rlia i.^rt.* var. I' iiiris Grt.* R. emarginata Grt. R. carissima Harv. R. binomiiialis Smith." €XC<'rii»tignm tGvt. R. observabilis Grt.* R. f.icala Grt.* R. distracta Smith.* R, discoidalis Grt. li, iifeudlata Smith.* ;," V nifnsu. Smith.* .xsertUtigma \ Grt. R. costata Grt. Genus AnKLPiiAGROTis Smith. A. stellaris Grt. A. innotabilis Grt. waahingtonuniic Grt. 23645— Bull. 38 15 s. prasina Fabr.* herhida Hbu. apposita Grt.* vornilis Grt. iulimutis Grt. Genus Platagrotis Smith. speciosa Hbu.* perquirila Morr. baileyaiia Grt. mixta Wlk. var. arctict't Zett. pressa Grt.' trabalis Grt.* siucera H. Scli. imperila Hbn.* comparata Moeschl. aaxujena Morr. Genus Eueuetagkotis Smith. sigmoidos Gu.* perattenta Grt.* attenta Grt.* Genus Ahagkotis Smith. erratica Smith.* Genus Skmiophoka Steph. elimata On.* badicollis Grt. dUunida Morr. jaiinaliB Grt. catherina Grt.* manifvstolabfx Morr. Gi'uns PACiisoniA Gn. monochroniatea Morr. manifesta Morr. ferruginoides Smith.* salicarum Wlk.* orillinna Grt. vlariformiH Morr. okakensls Pack, carnoa Thunb.* ab. cinerea Stgr. m '•Hi t 226 BILLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. rf^g Mi I** 1*1 Ill, IW II P. woeke: Moeecbl.* aerofmlama Morr. G<'nas Setagrotis Smith. 8. pLKgifrons Smith. B. roDsroa Smith. Genus Agrotis Tr. A. badinode« Grt.* A. violari* G. &. R. A. aorokrtita .Smith.* A. YffoXou Bott.* ««/«M S. V. , ttiiftrm Harr. i4«>»M Cram. A. ecfiicnlata G. & T!.* A. ibsenicalata Smi . . A. qcarta Grt. A. hoUii Grt. hiUtrit IJ Grt. G«niu Feridroma Hbn. P. orcnlta Linn.* P. pnr-fixa Morr. P. aistrieta Morr.* P. ^randipenoiti Grt. P. iaacia Hbn.* ta Smith. P. simpiaria Morr.* P. digna Morr.* mifr«tUt, same of secondaries, i. w.— inner margin of primaries ; i. w.'.same of secondaries. A. «.— hind angle of primaries. d. «.- discal spot on secondaries, r. /.—exterior lino on secondaries. apex—a,]wx of secondaries. *. w.— submediau, or internal vein, aw.— anal angle of secondaries. The fringes are omitted in the figure. Platk, II. 1 Harpe and clasi)er of li. charditii/i. '- " " li- bruiineicoUiH mid niji2)ectu». 3 " '< ILcupida. 3a Head of /.'. ciipida, showing the palpal form usual in the genus. 4 Harpe and clasper, ess.Mitially alike iu aipidmima vitafrom, mriuta, placida. o llar;)e and clasper of Ji. alternata. Ci " " li. belfragei. 6« " " R. formalia. ' " '* li. hinomiiialk. « " " li. dMracta. 229 ki j isif » wj iu[ 1 8 4 <( <( (< << II 230 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Harpe aud clasper of li. crenulata and confuaa. " " J.2»'tiHina. A. vernilia, P. ti2)ecio8a. P. preaaa aud P. fuaca, P. imperiia. E. sigmoidea. E.j)erattenta. A. erratica. S. elimata. S. catherina. P. aalicarum. P. carnea. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 IG 17 18 It) SO 21 II II (( (I (ji»aiii t •■'»«« I, Platk III, 22 Harpe aud clasper of P. wockei. 23 " " 5. congrua. 24 Agrotis hadinodea, harpe and clasper; a, body structure from above; 6, venation ; c, auteuua of male ; d, fore tibia. 25 Agrotia t/j)8iIon, harpe and clasper; a, body structure from above; 6, same from side; c, antenna of i N. normaniana. 34 II II N. hicarnea. 35 II II N. c-iiignim. 35tt Palpus of X. cnig rum. 37 Harpe and clasper of y. rubifera. 38 II II N. ohlata. 39 II 0. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 38, PL. Ill ) I 2U3, U I" Hi H !|T Mi III. rfll Sexual and other Characters of Agrotids. rni '■ ^^ H* I, fl U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 38, PL. rV ,. Sexual and other Characters of Aqrotids, •SI* »ii, ". f •' 'ill. iJ Hi It* i„ l«c;|i,j IW 'HI U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 38 PL. V '• Sexual and other Characters of Agrotids. gs^ ^ lSI:ai, I i]srr)EX '^ I Generic natnea begiu with capitals, Hpec italics in all casea. Pago. Abagrotia 9, 49 abuorniia 10,104 group 104 acclivia 10,105,10(5 group, characters 104 syuopsis of species.. 105 Acknowledgments 7 Acronyrta 44 Adelphagrotis 9, 38 synopsis of species.. 39 SBneipennis 115,121 oiqualis I;i5 agrestis 99,101 Agrotia auct., described 5 limited , 9,61 synopsis of species 61 alabamii; 72 alask.-e, not an agrotid 54,313 .'.Ibalia 108 albicosta 105, lo7 albipennia 180, 193 alternjtta 16,20,23 alticola 179,185 Amathea 19,78,81 ambrosioides 64 Ammaconia 51 Anicla 72 aunexa 109,114,115,122 annulipea 164,174 apicalis 105, 107 Aplecia 41,44,63 appoaita 39,41 arcticavar. ppociosa 44 aatricta 66, 69 atomaria I4(j, 154 atrifera 181,203 atrifrons 90,1)5 atristriga 145,150 utropurpurea 192 ies with lower-case letters. Synot/yms in Page. attenta 47,49 augur 92 auriilenta n. 8p 215 auxiliaris 10, 99, 100 badicoUis 51 badiuodis 61,62 baileyana . 44 baja 75,78 baldtiifis 169,170 basalis tf'0, 194 basidava 179,187 beata rar. Inliricans 90,96 belfragei n. sp 20 bicarnea 75,81 biclavis 145, 151 bicollaris 144, 148 blfasciata 163,168 biuiarginalis 16,26 binonunalia 29,34 bochua 148 boUii 65 bostoniensis 162,165 brevipennia 136, 140 brocha 144,148 brnuneicollis 15, 18 bnmueigora 164, 172 briinueipennis rar. ciipida 19,21 Cionis , 163,166 can.'pestria 179, 190 caii.s.Hinia 29,33 ciJ" c'a 54,57 .irneades 11,131,132 catenula 123,125 nutheriua 9,50,52 Cirnatis „. 19,23 chardiny i 9, 14 group characters 13 Cheraotis 89 choris 146, 158 Chorizagrotis 10,98 233 I;, III • 1, 234 INDEX. rr" fJBt:» ff"»»l|| I MR m II! I US' aim Ikl HJ|!i It* »Wlll Page. Chorizagrotis, synopHia of species. . 99 cicatricoHa 136, 138 cinerea t)(ir. carnea 54,58 citiercocolIiH 98 cinereomaculata 196 circniiulata 115,116 citricolor 11, 146,155 clandestina 10,90,94 group 74,90 synopsis of spe- cies 91 clariformi8 54,56 Clemens 91,93 chanthoides 10,108 group 107,108 clodiana 118,120 c-nigruni 76,82 cochrani 169 cogitans 145,149 collaris 77,89 colattt 201 comosa 163,168 couchis 82 conjlua 84 coufusa 30,37 congrua 59,60 conjuucta w. 8/> 221 costata 30,38 crenulata 30,37 cupida 16,19 group 15 synopsis of species... 17 cupidissima 16, 23, 24 dii'daluB n. »p 217 dahlii 85 dapsilis 204 declariita 179,190 decolor 179,190 Diarsia 57 differena 64 digua 72,73 dilucida 51,52 discoidalis 29,30,36 tlissoua 87.178,184 distracta n. sp 30, 36 divergons 181,201 docllia 143 «loli8 146,157 doUii 124,129 drewseni 206 ducens 124 elimata 50,51 emarginata 29,33 erieosia 54 Page. erratica 9,49,50 esurialis.... 80 Eucoptocneniis 132 Euerctagrotis 9, 47 euroides 179,185 Euroia 39,41,44,45,68,69 evanidalis 114 Exarnia 63 excellena 143 exiiertistiguia 29,30 group 28 synopsis of species 30 extranea 163, 167 facula 29,30.35 fauna 163,171 Feltia 10,109 feniseca 163,167 fennica 77,88 fernaldi 178,182 ferruginoides n. ap 54, 56 flnis 145,153 fishii 207 flavicoUis 143 flavideus 135,137,142 flexilia 101 fommlis 29,31 friabilis 1«)4.176 fumalis 145, 151 furtivus 180,197 fusca 124,127 fuscigera 164,176 gagates 146,155 geniculata 61,64 Generic synopsis 12 Geographical distribution of species 11 gilvipennia 14 gladiaria 115,117 grandipennis 67,69 grandia 92 Graphij)hora 19,48,51,78,79, 81,82,85,92,96 gravis 115,118 gularia 196 biesitans 209 Hapalia 72 haruspica 91,92 havilui 90,95 herelis 110,113 liero 205 hilaria 56 hilUana 76, 86 hollemaui 145,150 INDEX. 235 Page. y, 49,50 80 132 9,47 179,185 ', 41, 44, 45, «Jd, 69 114 63 143 29,30 28 pais of cies 30 163,167 29,30,35 163,171 10,109 163,167 77,88 178,182 54,56 145,153 207 143 -.135,137,142 101 29,31 164,176 145,151 180,197 124,127 164,176 146,155 61,64 12 i of 11 14 115,117 67,69 92 48,51,78,79, -«2, 85, 92, 96 115,118 196 209 72 91,92 90,95 .-..110,113 205 56 76,86 ■ ...145,150 •r Page. hortulana H^, H^ hospitalis 76,83 Uydrwcia 56 idahoensis 180, 197 idoma 63 illapsa 211 immixta 102 impacta 64 iDiperita 43,47 lucallida 164, 172 incallida 117 incivis 10,71,72 group 71 syuopsis of species. .. 72 inconcinna 99, 102 inelegans 16,27 inermii 70 iufecta 72 infelix 72,145,180.199 infimatis 39,42 infracta 146,160 ingeniculata w. sp 216 iDDotabilis 38, 40 iuaertans 136,139 iusignata 179,190 insula 208 insularis 29,31,32 intecla 64 intrita 174,177 introfereus 99,100 intrusa 192 invenusta 97 ialandica 180,200 islandica 183 jacuiiftra 110,112 janualis 51, 52 juucta 207 lahradorenais 183 lacunosa i 133, 134 latula 16,24,25 lageua 108 lowisi 191 lineifroiis Ji. ap 21') littoralis 205 longidens n. s}) 217 lubricaus 90,91,96 luteola 14(i, 160 lutulenta 164, 173 lycarum 169 maizi 192 uialelida 109,114,115,122 Mamestra 94 manifesta 54, 55 margaritosa var. saucia 70 Page. Matuta 52 iiiedialis 163, 1()6 Megaaema 82 mercenaria 101 messoria 103,169 group 11, 132-162 synopsis of species. 164 micronyx 104, 177 millori ,. 124, I'M mimallunis 124, 127 luinimalis 16,19 mirabilis 16,28 niisturata 146,156 mixta 44 raeerens ...11, 146, 156 mollis 210 monocbroniatea 54, 55 morriaoniana 115, 117 munis 178,184 muruinula 11, 123, 125 mardocki 164,174 muacoaa 163, 166 Mythimna 125 nanalis 206 neomexicana n. ap 2!8 nigricana 192 nigripennis 193 nigrovittata 73 niveilinea 135,136,139 niveivenosa, is an IJudena 213 Noctua 10,74 normaniana 10,75,79 group 74 syiicpois of spe. cies 7? nostra 180,195 obeliaca 199 obeliscoides 180,199 obesula 123,126 oblata 76,86 oblougistigma 137, 140 observabilis 29, 34 obtuaa , 79 occulta 66,68 ochrogaster 180, 196 Ochropleitra 89, 190 Ogygia 47 okakensis 53, 54, 57 olivalls 135,137,141 Olivia 110,111 opaca 106 opacifrons 90,91,97 opipara 178, 183 orbicularis 164,176 I ( 236 INDEX. C9> ;P rr" rm •HI, liKiaii r V am t « Jill l»< Villi iBt^aiiii rago- orfiis 16, -24, -25 onliiiatii 'ill orilliaiia 54, 5<> ortlioijoiiiii 124, 1'ii) Oititiiii 70 I'jiclmohia O.SH Ny iiopNia of .specit^s r>r) jmll idicollis DO, 1)1 , 98 l)allii>i'iiiii.s IHO, lit4 I)iiH(<>riilis 145, 152 patiila 201» j)i'ctiiiieoiiiis ii. ap 110, 114 ptMlalis II. xp 220 ]iclliu:i<)lita 145, 151 pcrpiira 1H5 perqiiirita 44 pernoiiata 159 pertnrhata n.sp 222 pliylloi)li(>ra Tfi, 85 piHcipelliH 90,95 pitycLious 14(i, 159 group ll,i:{2, 144 Hyiiop.si.sofspt'cios 147 placida 1(5,21 plai/iata 81 plajii-rera i:!5, IHO, 141 planali.s, uot an agrotid 211? planifroiiH 9,59 Platagrotia 9,4:5 syiiopsiH of wpi'cis 44 pl'icta 77,89 ritoneciopoda 191 pleuritica 134, 170 pluralis 124,131 Volia 44 Porosagrotis 11, 123 synopsis of species . . . 124 porpliyrea 213 prncox. 72 prarfixa fifi, G8 prasiua 39,41 prcHsa 43, 45 procli vis 105 pyrophiloides 213 quadrideutata 13ti, 139 Pago. i|iiadrideutata group 11,132, 135 (jiiadrideiitata group, synopsis of Hpceii's 1,17 (juarta (J5 (luiiKjuelinea 104, 175 radix * oio iiiva 77,87 rnva 184 nt vidrt 212 10,103 8,13 137,142 124,128 77,87 Ifi3,171 70,85 07,71 15,17,18 127 179,180 .--.53,54,50 120 179,188 •10,04,07,70 00 iios... 07 140,157 54,58 ■ 9,01 154 115,118,120 9,50 127 ....140,101 9,59 199 7 91,93 • ...9,47,48 ....181,203 72,73 43,46 ...180,195 ....99,101 94 .... 133 ...9,44,44 ...180,193 apisaa 109, 170 spouwa 145,149 Htolliiris 9,38,39 atigmoaa 114,115,121 strifrilis 204 aubgotbicii 10, 109, n i group no synopsis of species 111 auhlatia 174, 184 auffuaa 03 Synopsis of geneia and gronps 12 toleboa 11. ap 219 ieUfera 03 tonnescens v. aj) 72,73 tenuicnla ., 2O8 teppori 90, yij terroalis 98,99,103 tessoUata 17;), 19a group , 11, 13>, 178 synopsis of species 181 tesselloiiles :. 181,203 tetrica 147,101 texaua 146, 154 trabalis 43,45 treatii 81 irianguhnn 79 80 tricoaa 112,113 trif asciata 103, 107 Triphana 14 15 tristicula 178,183 '»•«'»■" 190 turria 1% Pago. umbrata 77, (-7 iinica nir. saucia 07, 70 unicolor <)\ unimacida y^ vancouvereusis 115, 118, 119 va2)alaria 115,118 variata 10 2-' varix k; 22 relata ly 21 velleriponnis 145, 153 venerabilis 11,109,110,115,117 group 114 synopsis of species 110 veinilis 39,42 rcraii)inis ^01 vcrticalin 179, lyo ret unfa 125 vetust a 212 violaris (Ji,(;2 viralis 207 vittifroiis 1(5 20 ^'ocalis 90,91,97 volubilis iir, l'>i ivuahhiyloiiienaia 40 westerniani I80, lyjj wilHonii i;{3 group 132,133 ^^■ockei ,, 54,58 wortlilugtoni 128 xyliniforinis n. sp 221 yP«ilou 01,03 ' i