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WHAT IS THE RESULT

THE ELECTIONS?

FULLY ANSWERED.

?- . a:

?^^.:K^ IP

*i^

FROM THE DAILY ADVERTISER

^;^^

MONTREAL I 1834.

v^Ci iud'AO OCT" iiaqia.(H'a(T'afv|i BIBLiOTHEQUE [^ \

" ■ !; '■

M, I'abbe VERRtAU s)

,« •^•' '^7/ '!

JOHN ARTHUR ROEBUCK, ESQ., M. P.

RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED BY

THE EDITORS OF THE

DAILY ADVERTISER.

Montreal, December 8, 1834.

ADVERTISEMENT.

Since the following pagos first appeared we have been enabled to make some few cor- rections, two of which it is necessary to notice. Not having received the Rutuni for Bonaventure at the time the first article appeared, we assumed that the old Meinbore, or Members of the same principles, would be returned. This, however, has since turned out to be incorrect, Mr. Hamilton having declined the contest, and two Reformers having been elected. We had also done Mr. B. Bowman the injustice to class him as an Anti-Reformer ; having since been set right, we have to apologize to that gentle- man. The remaining alterations are merely in the sub-classificationa at pages 11 and 13, and do not materially affect the general argument.

■

"i^^&Si^^lliawk^^

WHAT IS THE REHUI.T

THE ELECTIOIVS? Slc.

LOWER CANADA.

What \h tlic result of llic General RloctiDii '. This is a question which the people of Knjr- Innd arc (iccustoniod to ask when an Elec- tion laiH turned on Hoine important principle of Legislation. May not wo who are fond of iniitatin(r ilie Mother Country — fond ofn\a!;. Ui'^ it appear that in all thinijs our Constitu- tion i.s a mimic of that of Great Uritain — ask ourselves a similar ([ucation. What is the re- sult of the (loncral Election ! The fiuostion iM at this moment of peculiar iiuportaneo, and we shall endeavour to answer it with preci- sion.

We mu.si begin with some preliminary ob- servations.

The Canadian Constitution is said to be a copy of that of Great Britain. Tfit be a copy, those who made it did not understand their original. Copy or no copy, however, the supposed parallel has led to some important results. Not an epithet has been applied to that of Great Britoin which has not been caught up with avidity, and, right or wrong, attached blindly to our inimitable copy. In the Mother Country, foi- instance, it has long been the delight of those who profit, and those who hope to profit by abuse, to hold up that anomalous and ever changeful entity to which we are alludmg, as something which it is dangerous to attempt even to improve. Acting on this approved principle, we have a set of parrot-like imitators in this Colony, who deem it becoming to what they nickname " British feeling," to apply to the supposed copy all those eulogistic epithets which have for their object to bespeak popular venera- tion for that which the experience of the last few years 1ms deiiionstrated to be a perfect failure.

That for which the Whig Constitution of 1G88 — "the glorious Constitution" — has been most admired, has recently been di.scovcred

to be a (huig of tiic iinaginalioii. l''or up- wanls of a centin-y it wus held treasonable to doubt "the admirable working of the ma- chine'— 'the |)erfe(;t independence of its se- parate parts' — 'the beautiful harmony whicii pervaded the whole' — 'the ii's niedicalrix whicli kept it in order' — ' the admirable balance'— ' the check which each one of its elements exercised upon the rest," — and many other attributes which the in;»c.i"it/ of those who were in the plot devised, ^ii lenly, however, the machine stopped, and tlu; beautiful theory of glorious (,'onstitutioii — of iuimitalile (Juo- stitiition fell to the ground.

The writers v/ho, backed by Parliaincntaiy orations,ari3tocratical Quarterly Review s.rikI I'itt-club speeches, have principally contribut- ed to keep the delusion alive, are SirW.BL.vcK- sroNK, and the advocate I)e Iioi.mk. Sir W. Black-stonk's enlogium, for such it is, of our Constitution's prototype, is to be found in the 2d section of the introduction, at about the fiftieth page of the Hvo Editions of his Com- mentaries, lie first states that tho political writers of antiquity do not recogni/.o more than three regular forms of govenmjont, and continues : —

The first, when the sovoroijjn power is lodged in an iiggregatB aacombiy, consisting of all tlio free members of a community, which is called a domocrucy ; tho second, when it is lodged in a council, compotiod oV select mombors, and then it is stylod an aristocracy ; the last, when it is entrusted in the hands o( a single person, and then it takes tho name of a monarchy. All other species of government, they sny, are cither corrupiions of, or reducible to, theso thrco.

He then states that in Democracies is to bo found public virtue, but not that degree of wisdom and strength which a perfect govern- ment should possess. " They are frequently foolish in their contrivance and weak in their execution." — Aristocracies on the other hand possess the required quantum of wisdom ;

but tlion •■ tliurc m lens of lionoNty tlian in a ll«>|iiililic, anil l(!HH of Btronirtli limn iii u Moiiiirdiy." LiiHtly, iti tlic Mtrcnjfili-i.'iKlDwi'il Moiuircliy "tlicru in iuiiniiK.Mit diiiiijcr oI'IiIh (tlic (iriiicc'H) i-mpliiyiii;,' llml Hlrni^rlli Id ini- prDviilfiit (llmt JH not wiHc) or opjireasivo (timl iH nut lionortt) pur|)0HCH.*

All "Aiiiii'iit" irt tlicii culled up to Hli()\r, that tlio union of tlio hcvituI powcrn wii» in tlio opinion of llio Hnid AncinntJ " a viwionary wliiin, iiiul oiu! lliat if ufl'octod could never bo lustin;^ or liocure."

Our luillior, however, only quoted this opin- ion forlhf purpose, iih he conceived, ofbeat- iiijj it to ft iniiinmy — uf utterly den»olishiin{ it, for he thus continues : —

But, linppily fo' •> j" this island, tlin nritifih cnnstitiition liuu Inn^ . iiainoii, iirnl I trunt will lon|{ continun, ii Htiindinif oxooplion to the truth ol'tliiH ohuHorviition. For, iih with us tlin oxo. cutivo power ofllioliiWH Ih hulijiicl in a iiii(f|n pcrHon, they have all tliu advnntacos of Nlreii;;lh tiiul (lispatcli, that am to ho fmind in tliu nioNt nbHohilu niunnrchy : and as tho logisliituro of llio liing(ioin is riilruHlod to thruodiatinrt pownri cntiroly iiiilppondont of each ollinr ; first, tlin kinir; secoiidiy, tlio lords spiriluul aiid tuinporal, which is an uristocratical ansoinbIy ol pcrHonN soloolod for tliuir pii-ty, llioir birth, thnirwiHdoin, thoir valour, or their property ; and thirdly, llm lIouBO of CIoniiiioiiM, Irecly ehoHoii hy li.e pcnpio from union}; theiiisolvus, whii'h makes il a idnd of dnnioorary ; a.s thiu api;rnj;ulo luxly, nctiialiul by difl'oront sprinjrf., and attontivo to (liU'Drtwit interests, uJinposoa tho Uritish parliament, and has the Biiprcmu dispoHal of cv,;i^ ,; -r^ ; there can no inconvcnienco bo alleniplcd by either of tho throe branches, but will bo withstood by ono of tho other two ; oaoli brunch heiiij; ai mod with n nrgativn power, fulficient to rcpol any iiiiio. vation which it shall think incxpodiont or dun. gorous.

Iloro then is Indgnd tho soveroifrnty of t!io Ttrilish constitution ; and lodged as bonoficially as is possible for society. For in no other shapo could wo bo HO certain ot finding tho three {Treat qualities of goveriiiiient so well and so happily united. If tho siiprumo power wore lodged in any ono of tho three branches separately, wo must be expouod lo the inconvoniencos of either ubsoliilo nioiiarcUy, iiristocracy, or democracy ; and so want two of the three principal ingredi. ents of good polity, either virtue, wi«Jom, or power. If it wcro lodged in any two of tho

brnnulio* ; fur iuMtanco, in tlio kin|{ iinti liouta ol lordM ; our Iiwn nii|{ht bn provitlently made, and well u.xeented, liut they mi|{ht nut ahvuyn havo the good iif the people in Virvv : ;l'loilg'd in thu king and "ommonH, wo Hboiild want that eir- ciiiiiNpeetion and iiieiliatiiry eaulinn, whieli tliu wlNdoiii of till) puers is to iitliird : if the mipreiiio riglllH of legiNJaliire were liidniid in the two lioiiNeN only, and the king had no negative upon their procuediiigs, they might be tempted In en- croaeli upon the royal prerog itivis or pirhaps to iiIioIihIi tho I'iiigly ollice, mid thereby weaken (if not totally doHlroy) tho Ntrenglh of the exn. eiitive power. Hut tlie (uiiiHtitiitional govern, iiiont ni Ibis island is lai admirably tempered and eoiiipoiinded, that nothing can endanger ur hurt it, but (leHtroyiiig the eipiilibrium of power be. twceii ono braiieli of I lie IcgiKlatiiro aiiu the rest. For if ever it HJioiild liap|ieu that the inilepen- (Ikuco of any one uf tho three should be lost, or tlint it slionld bncoine Hubservi'inl to Ibo viow» of either of tho other two, I hern would soon bo ■ n end of our constitution. Thii logislaturn would be elianged from Ihit, which (upon tho (luppnsition nf an original c<j|itract, either actu- al or iiiiplieil) is preNiiiiiod to havo been origin ally set up by the geni.'ral coufent and fiinda. mental act of tho society : and siieli a change, however eU'ected, is according lo Mr. Loi^ke (who perhaps carries his theory too far) at oncn an entire disaiolulion id the baud:: of govern- inent ; and the puo|de are hereby rediieed to a stale of anarchy, with liberty to constitute thoiii. stives a new legislative power.

And all this it wiw trenaoii to doubt, till tho o!(l L'oiistitution of glorious mcunory atopped, niiil was replaced by the new Constitution of lri:t-2.

Home twenty years after BiiACKSTO.Ni: wrote or lectured, IJk Loi.mr discovered new beauties ; but Di: I.oi-nn wrote under a delu.sion. Ho nssiinied, that the poo])le of Groat lirit'iiii actually elected their reprcsen- tatives. He who will take the paiiLs to turn to this Hiithor'.-i work, and read the elevcntii chapter of th;'. second lioo!;, will soon sec; why he has not fjfiven a failiiful jiicturo of the British Constitution.

Accoi(lin<f to I)k JiOi.Mn, the system of chocks wliicli the Constitution allorded was perfecl. Any attempted usurpiition of power by any one of the three separate elements which made up the iniinimhle whole, was isn-

* Notr. — This singular doelrinc of the nttribulcs of each branch of the Constitution is mi^t with admirable humour, in Mr. Benlhani's Frngmcnl on Ourcriimcnl, in vvliich the author doiuun- Btrates the alisurdity of the doctrine, by reducing il into tho inathematical form.

Hy lllackstonc's definition, tho Uritish (■'overnmcnt = Monarchy + Aristocracy -j- Dcino- cracy, Monarchy being Government of one, Democracy being the (Government of all, and Arislo. cracy the Govermnent of soino numl)er between ono and all. Now then Monarsby has strength — wisdom — hoiinsly ; Aristocracy has wisdom — strength — honesty ; Democracy has honesty — hircngtii — wisdom. But the Hritish Government is Monarchy -{- Aristocracy -|- Dnrnocracj', Mierelbrc the British Government has strength -f- wisdom -|- honosty, in other words, is all-wisc, dl-powerful, nil. honest. But all. powerful + &Il-wiso + all. honest = all-perfect.

Therefore the British Government is all. perfect q. e. n.

*,• ScnoMi-M. After the same manner it may bo proved, and on the paine data, to be all.wnak, ;).ll. foolish, and all. knavish.

sas??*''"'''— ~

mediately fullowud by an union of iho other two ai^ninHt tho iiMiir|iatioii. The pcopln and tho Arint<»crn'y mo Mupijoiied to bii in p(>r|ii'i- tial union n;^.iniHt thn uiiduo oxtr-ntion nl'thi! pnini^fiiiivf ot'thi- Crown. Tlic Kin>,' und tho AriMtocriiuy, in lil<o inaniior, aro continuiilly buHied in ciieckinnf popuhir cncroachuDMitH ; but tho n)oiu(!nt tho AriHlocracy HhovH ayniptoniti of luurjJHiion and (^ruHpin^', btrai^fhtwuy tho Monarch loavon tliuirHidu and joiiiH tlio poiipio against llicin.

TlioBO who li(dd tliia liioory to bo true, do not toll us how tho united lvin<,' anil lliirona gottin.without tho 'virtue' which Hi.aoknTone tulla UM bclouRH aloiK! to tho pooph; ; or how tho Kiu},' and tho people niann^ro ninttora when deprived of tho ' windoni' which is tho attribute of an AriMtocrney. Htreni,nh and virtue united do not nmko up wi.Hdom certainly ; neither do wiwdom and Htrenfth make u|) or render HuportliiouH ' virtue' However, the theory wan attractive ; we were « fjreat nation, wo beat ull Europe sinjfle- handed, und wo grew rich; ho nobody doubt- ed that the BriiiKJiConslitution waa a fjlorioua Constitution, was an ininutablo CoiiMtitutioii, that it was in liict any thiufj that any body or everybody said it was — uidess indec 1 any body Baid harm of it, which was treaHon.

In the midst of all this hoodwinking, hy means of ' ^'lorious' epithets, one or two philo- sophers did venture to step forward, and doubt the validity of tiio theory ; but then " tho envy of surroundin;^ nutioiis" was [joint- ed at, and the philosophers were silenced, and iIk; study of their works confined to a few, who were as ' visionary' or ' discontented' OS themselves. These philo' ophcrs said, thot the boasted balance of the thro'! I'owers could not exist ; that, inasnuich as it would be tho interest, so also would it bo tho practise of two out of the throe, to unite and show among

them tho profits of j^ovornin^ill. Perclianco ton, said one of them, the united two mijjhl admit tho tliii ; hrancii to a chare of the pro- fits ofinisrule, on tho f)otiiii( of a junior part- ner, and thus tho throe united would riot iti extravajfanco. Such an union in fact wai< the UritJHh ('onstitution. It was a parinor- ship of King, Ijords, and ('nmmoiiH, united by n common interest, namely, that of Kotiing as jjmt a proportion of tho Hubatunco of the people, as the said people would uubuMt to have abstracted from them.

I'-very now and tlnui nn Hloction came round, and the people wore fcasteil and llattered into tho idea, tlmt they really had an iinjiortant .-<liaro in tho buHiness of fjo- verninent, and so they submitted to be taxed with the nio.^t admirable non chulance, eon- v'liced, as they wore regularly told in Kleo- tion spoeehea, that they could not bo taxed but by their own consent, given through their Ilepresentative.s. The power cf the pi'oiile, however, was a mere phantom. Fifty-one cities and bonnighs returned 10"-i Members to the Ilolise of Commons, by means of somc- tiiing under l,niK> l''lertorrf ! or averaging be- tween 1- aii'l IM ("onstituents to encli .Mem- ber. Now, every one kiKJWH that corruption must ever bo in proportion to tho smallneas of a constituency, and it is not surprising that those who profited by cornii)iion, should re- sist every attempt to enlarge tho constituen- cies, by traiif-ferringthe franchise from a bor- ough with three or four votes, to a city with ir)0,000 inhabitants ; in other words, by giv- ing increased jiower to the people.

By means of those small eonstituencioH, technically called Rotten Bor(nighs,the British Aristocracy actually appointed — we will not call it returned — a majority of the House of Commons.* Is it wonderful that the houdcs of Lords and Commons 'harmonized]' Not at

* STATE OP THE HOLSE OF COMMONS, 181G.

87 Toors of England and Wales returnod Mombors 218

Ql do Scothind do "■■■. 31

36 do Iroland do 51

— 144 Teers thus returnod 300

90 Coninionors of England and Wales returned 137

11 do Scotland do 14

19 do Iruluiid do 20

— 123 Commoners thus returned 171

2G7 individuuls thus returned 471

Indopnndont Members 187

G58 Before the Irish Union, in 1800, tho C;ominoiis numbered l^tHS Members, 310 of whioh worn rrlnniod by patronr:, and 248 were independent. At the I'liion, 100 Members wore introduced as

all, thoy cMiiil not but ' pull toguthor' most admirably. They were, in fact, a couple of political Siamese Twiiw, intimately link- ed together by means of corruption — by Means of a common interest in robbing the people ; and it was only when the two branches became clamourous about a share of the spoil, that the p ople had the least chance of get- ting a particle of their rights. If the Com- mons showed any leaning towards the peo- ple the King was instructed to dissolve them, and then came a general Election with itt dinners and its speeches, and its flattery and cajolery of the people; and as the influ- ence of the Aristocracy was omnipotent, the result was a more obedient House of Com- mons ; and the parts of the Constitution ' har- monized' quite as beautiiully as before the temporary and trilling interruption.

From what has been said it must be clear, lliat the boasted harmony of the Britisii Con- etitutior. was the consequence of the people baving only a nominal voice in the govern- ment. The Lords and Commons in fact had very seldom any tiling to fall out about, and when they had, the Lords invariably beat the Commons.

But the King, where is he all this wiiilo ! Has he no voice in the busuiess of the Legisla- ture J Yes, said the Constitution. But the Constitution did not say true — the Lords ^^^ou]d not let him have a voice.

Having by means of rotten boroughs secur- ed the Lower House, they next told the King that after the people, by their Representa- tives, had determined on a particular mea- sure, aud the said measure had been pro- nounced wise and good by tlio Lords spirit- ual and temporal, it was as much its his Crown was worth to say nay ; in the mean- time the Monarch was kept most abundantly supplied with every object the mind can pos- sibly desire. No wonder His Majesty a- grsed with his ^ithful Lords and Commons, that the Briiish Constitution worked well, its 'harmony' was in fact most perfect.

For a long time, e* ary thinj tended to keep up thedslut'on. The bri'liant achievements of the Army and Navy — a syecoasion of abun- dant harvests— a demand For our manufactures

on the Continent, all kept the people busy. No one had any time to complain of the ex- penditure of government, and if any one did, ho was a disaffected, a disguised jacobin, an en- vier of Britain's greatness. Presently, how- ever, came the peace, and with it, the day of reckoning ; then the people did begm to look into their affairt.. in other words, they com- menced Ui'ir poliucal education.

AiiiDiig other i ^sults of this examination of the nation's affairs, the philosophers whom we ha n alrcuiy named, again stepped for- ward. This time they were listened to.

Every year they and their disciples, and tiieir writings, received more attention ; and ten years of peace had not passed over, be- fore their doctrines had influenced every peri- odical— every newspaper in the country. T)ie rcsidt was an increasing demand for rofonn, till at last THE BILL was brought forward, and after various narrow escapes carried. True.the Lords swore they never would pass it, but the Ministers resigned, and the people looked threateningly; whereupon, the Lords got frightened and passed it in a hurry without discussion. Those who wish to see a de- tailed history of the Bill, and itsfiuiil paasago by liie Lords, are roforrod to a roacnl most admirable vvoTk called England and Amrricci.

Now, the reason why we have referred par- ticularly to Tn« BILL is, because it introduced into the British Constitution, a likeness to the Canadian Constitution which never be- fore existed between them. But it is only a partial likeness still, for we have our irres- ponsible Executive.

Under the now British Constitution of 1832, the people have acquired new powers. Tiie small constituencies are nearly all des- troyed, and ill their places the larger cities and towns send Members. Close corpora- tions no longer usurp the elective functions- Batli, with its r)(),0(K) inhabitants, had former- ly twenty-nine Elector?, the Mayor and Cor- poration ; now it has some thousands ; and a more intelligent and incorrupt Constituency, exists not in the Britisii Eiupirc.

The effect of all tliis has been to de- stroy the unanimity of liie two Houses ; and we frequently see the Lords rejecting those

■(/

Representatives for Irclnnd. And by the statornont given above, 471 out of 658 Members, were then at the will of 2ti7 individunls, leaving with un increased House but 187 Independent Mem. bcrs. Thus indeed corruption tiad increased apuce. More need not be said to prove Ibe corrupt state of our boasted Constitution previously to the passing of the Reform Bill, and though it has {ilaced power in the people's hands, a inensiiro not less oxtvuis.ivc will bo refjuired in a ver}' tew

venrs. to make llio Cor

13 lonily a pnpula- \.v.:mMv-

incasuroa wliicii the Coinnions bring forward ill obedience to llie cry of the nation. Tlio parallel between Canada and England is thus rendered more perfect. The intsrests of the two branclios of the LegiHJuturn iiro not iden- tical ; what one proposes the other rejects ; and the people seeing the impossibility of harmony between elements ho opi)ositoly con- stituted— convinced that the philosophical writers to whom we have alluded were right, begin to ask for a peaceful change in the constitution of the second branch.

The experience of the Mother Country in a non-liannoni/.ing Constitution, is only of a couple of years standing. Tiio origin of the ex|)erience of Canada in a similar feature, ia almost co-eval with the Constitution. Of late years, however, as the Assoinbly has bc- cnme more aware of its peculiar posture, the difficulties have increased ; the Assembly has felt the necessity of grasping firmly its rights, or ratiier those of the rooplo ; and as the Up- per branch, backed or rather controlled by the Executive, will not give way, the result has been a complete stoppage — a perfect fail- urn of the (,'onstitution.

That a similar stoppage of the HrUish Con- stitution must iiievitaiily take place, is our firm conviction. The Coiiimon.s are pledged to bring forward a set of measure?, to which tiio Lord.s in their present frame of mind will not consent. There is nothing to alleviate these difficulties ; the subjects dn not admit of compromise ; and supposing the continued op- position of the Lords, it would not surprise us were a Contention to bo demanded to con- laderthc necessity oi" amending titc Consti- tution.

Turn wc now to the case of (.'anada. — Tiie last ScHsion found tlie ditTerencijs between the Assembly and the Council at their height. A previous Assembly had voted a VAvA Li.st according to a rule which they had laid down for themselves, but it was such a Civil List as the other branches of the ] legislature would not consent to. The business of legisla.ion iiccordingly had virtually stopped, and every body asked, ' what is to be done !' At tliis |!incture, tlio Assembly came forward with the Ninety-two Resolutions, and framing l'v;titions thereon, approached the Tiircn'j iind the Imperial Legislature, with the sugges- tion of a remedy ; namely, that the people be permitted to elect the Legislative Council.

Wc need not refer particularly to the pro- ceedings in the IId'isc off.'ommons. or to th'>s(^

of the Canada Committee, any further than lo etnto that an impression lias gone abroad that the measures of the Colonial Otlico will in Boino way or otiier bo influenced by the result of the Cenoral Election. It had been insinuated that tiio people of the country would not sanction the proceedings of the Assembly ; this insinuation had, perhaps, been whispered to Mr. Hick ; at all events it seem- ed to be admittcil at all hands, that the po- pular leaders wore on their trial, and that the elections were to turn on the ilcctivc prin- ciple— the pervading principle of the Rr- i. lutions.

Having thus explained tiio principle on which the General Election has turned, we are in a better position to ansu'er tlie qiios- tiou v.itli which we started : — What i.-'the re- sult of the General Election .'

To perform this task witli precision, we have prepared from the laist cousiis a table wliicli will exhibit the constituency of the two Pailiamonts. Of this we siiail speak jiresently, our business is lin-it with the Mem- bers.

It will be seen that tv.enty-seven persons voted against, or were known to be opjiosed to the iS'iriely-tv.o Resolutiona ; of these tweiity-.-Joven per.-ions, sevouteeii did not again present tliem.selves to the elector.-? at the iiustings, — the.-ie arc :\Iossrs. !■'. A. (iii'-siiol'il'.IciSKrs. O. U'-iLliflcl*

I [.. I. Caldwell* A. t'livillioi* P. II. [Cnowlton C (Ji)oiiluio A. Andi^rson I'. Wrisrhl* i S. liak.T I

E. ruck'

T. Diival'

T. A. Yoiinp;*

'1', Davis.*

C. K CiiHgral:i'

,1. \Vnrt.<dii'-

,1. l!,i'loau\»'

J. [1. 11 iinillou*

To thirt list we iniglit also add the name of D. iMo.NDELirr, who was elected to the last Parliament, but v.'hose seat wan subserpiently declared vacant, in consequence of his ac- ceptance of a place under the Crown.

Ot those seventeen, thirteen, or those m;irlc- cd with astar, havebcen replaced by Members favorable to the elective principle, the re- maining four have been replaced by .Member.) of the same political principles as their jn-e- decessors. The places of Messrs. P. 11. Knowi-ton, C. Goonuun, .'\. ANnKunoN, and S. Hakku have been filled by .\nti-Re- forrnors, decidedly opposed to the Ninety- two Resolutions.

The rejection or retiienL^ni of old AI.;:n- h'Ts, however, even if they be replaced by iiu-n of the sani" prmeiidoF, is a decided

Messrs. K. Iloyle R. Taylor T. Lomay

gam to the popultir cause. Tlicy come into tlio House witliout any private animosities and antipatliins. Between Mr. II. TAvi.on, for instance, and tlio leading Members, no intercourse could possibly take place; with tiic new Members, however, nothing lias oc- curred to intorf'.Te with the common courte- sies of lil^, so I hat they will frequently vote with t'm Liberal si(h?, where the question does not turn on what tlioy conceive to be a great Constitutional principle.

Of the ti;n old Members opposed to tlio Resolutions, who presented themselves, six have been rejected, and replaced by five men favorable to the elective princi|)le, and ONE, — iiamt'ly, Mr. R. Taylor, — opposed thereto ; the names of the rejected members are

Messrs. .Tolm Noilson* Andrew Stuart F. Languedoc

The remaining four liave been re-elected, namely :

JIcssis. J. Power IMessrs. R.Wood

J. Le Boutcllicr | I). A. C. Gugy.

And these, reader, arc the only Anti-Rk- soLUTiONisTS out of the whole 28 who have been able to secure a scat in the Assciid)ly, and with Mr. Guov the contest was very close.

We would further remark that not one sin- gle town or county, which returned a Mem- ber or Members in favor of the elective prin- ciple, has departed from that princijjle by sending to the present Parliament a Member opposed thereto. The result of the Election, then, as far as the Constitution of the Assem- bly is concerned, is that the minority of 27, or including Mr. Mondklet, of 28 Members who were opposed to the Resolutions, has been reduced to nine, so that the Assembly will consist of : —

Members in favour of the Elective principle, 7!) Opposed to ditto 9

88 The triumph of opinion as indicated by the population represented, is even still greater. The effect of the guiding principle of the Elections will be exhibited by the following totals from the Table : —

Fuurleenlh Parliament

Fifteenth Parliatm-nt

I'upiilution repri'seiUcd by lie-

NoluliuniKts

By Anti-Uosoliitioiiists . .

373,38 U 138,5351

483,639

28,278

Population nrxording to Cen- sus in 1831

511,917

It is generally admitted that the inhabi- tants of the cities possess a degree of intelli- gence superior to that possessed by the in- habitants of the country. Tiiis is, we be- lieve, correct ; especially as regards political knowledge. How has this intelligence oper- ated .' in causing the rejection of every Can- didate who declared himself opposed to " tho principle."

It now only remains for us to notice an attempt which has been made by the rejected Candidates and their friends at Que- bec, to generate' and foster an impression that the principle of the Elections has been the rejection of every person of British ori- gin.

" It was" — said Mr. A. Stuakt at a meet- ing of his supporters — '♦ it was a great na- tional effort of the Canadians, to deprive the Englisli portion of society of their moderate share of the representation."

One of the Resolutions moved at the same meeting, states " that the system n<^w open- ly avowed by the dominant and coercive party, would exclude not only the trifli.ig minority which the British have hitherto had in the House of Assembly of Lower Canada, but altogether prevent their voice from being heard within its walls." Again Mr. Stuart says in anotherspeecii, or another part of the same sjjeech "the object of th.it (the Liberal) party being to exclude persons of British origin," &.c. We need not quote any further, though nearly every speech spoken, and article written of late at Quebec, has reiterated tho same doctrine.

That it is incorrect, we shall presently show. Of the Members rejected, a large pro- portion are men of Canadian birth ; witness the CuviLLiERs, the Mondelets, the Ques- NELS, the DuvALs, the Casorains, the Ba- DEAUX, and so forth. These men were re- jected or were deterred from coming forward because they were opposed to the guiding

* Mr. John NeiUon after losing the County of Quebec was put up for Bellechasse, but he did lot get a vote.

nth lent

Fifteenth Parliament

'I83,f.39

a8,a78

511,917

the inhabi- rcc of intelli- c(l by tiie in- is, wc be- ards political iigcnce opar- f every Can- osej to " the

IS to notice lado by the ends at Que- 1 impression )ns has been f British ori-

iT at a rneet- a great na-

0 deprive the eir moderate

1 at the same n nf^w open- tnd coercive

the trifli.ig hitherto had vver Canada, e from being Air. Stuart 3r part of the f that (tlie '■ persons of ot quote any ech spoken, l^uebec, has

II presently , a large pro- th ; witness !, the QuEs- Ns, the Ba- len were re- ling forward the guiding

lot get a vole.

principle of the late contest. If origin and langimgo were ever considered by the Cana- dians, why was Mr. John Neilson so many years one of the cherished favorites of the people .' Why was ho received with open linns, and even with ombracea where his person was unknown on the bare mention of his then honoured name ? Pcrliap.j you will unswcr that tliid same animosity to men of British origin has only just come over the people. Let us olso anawcrthis theory by a fow questions. If the principle of the recent election were that of exclusive, why was a native Scotchman chosen for the East Ward ? Does any one in his senses imagine that any appeal to national prejudice could dislodge Jame.s Leslie from the hearts of the Cana- dians, or unseat him from the Assembly'] Again, why did the Canadian Electors soli- cit the son of an Englishman to present him- self for the West Ward, and why did those electors give him almost their unanimous voles ? Need wo say more to prove that with the great mass of the population of Lower Canada, origin and language ars as nought coin|)arcd with a great principle of Government. One case more, and we have done. At Yamaska, an Irishman presented himself for the sutfrages of the electors; the former Member was a Canadian. Uae was made of this to excite the supposed nation- al prejudice. How did it succeed ! the reply of the Canadian electors was characteristic of tlieir extraordinary steadiness to princi- ple : " better," said they — " bettor a good Irisiiman than a bad Canadian."

In fact the present Parliament in its gene- ral division into parsons of Canadian or'i^in and persoris of vther origin exhibits no change to warrant the outcry that has been raised about exclusion, as the following statement will show : —

MtII PaRLIAMRNT. IdtII rAULIAMKXT.

Ciiiin'ri/ or Origin. (.'niv.iilmu . . . Anioricuii . . . Kiiglish . . . Si;ot('li . . . Irish .... (Jcrman or Dutch .lersoy .... Swiss ....

Numbers. CI 11

!\uiitlHrs.

(VJ 9 4 3 3 4 1 1 — 2')

Iff

The census does not give the aivision of the population as to origin, but it gives a division as to religion, namely, 403,472 Catholics, and 108,445 of other denominations ; so that as- f«iiiiiing a small addition to the Inst figure for

persons of the Catholic religion, of other than Canadian origin, wo shall have Canadiiina compared with others in the proportion of three to one. This is a much larger allowance than is usually made) by those who accuse the Canadians of exclusive feelings, yet it shows that those of origin otiier than Cana- dian, were, and are actually over repn.'.sonted. The nuinbcrd should b(! (j(i to 2'1, v.'heroas the numbers are G;) to 2'). Another fact is tliat the Ciuntie.s inhabited by a majo- rity of French Canadians frequently return a Member of English origin, whilst the Coun- ties inhabited ehielly by persons of other origin have not even dreamed of a French Canadian representative. The change con- sists of the rejection of two of American, and two of Scotch origin, and the election of two of English origin, and two Canadians in their places. The f- ts are too strong to admit of dispute.

Due if the attempt to show that the Cana- dians have been guilty of exciting national prejudices by an appeal to national distinc- tions, be thus defeated, are there no persons on whom the imputation can be iixed 1 Let us encpiire.

A person named Coll.vk, or Cullar, is reported to have said at an election meet- ing at Quebec : —

" Iln would cidl upon tiio sons of old Enp. land, the descDndunts of thoso proud nobles ami ycoincn who signed the grunt cliaitorl forward to tiio poll ! 'Tis the vna of your country calls you. Childroii of the ini.st and the mountain, sous of the land of field and Hood, and tho freo kiit and w.ivino- pluiiic — .Seolclitnnn 1 forward ! 'Tis a. Sti;.viit calls. Lust, tlionfjli not least, Lads of Old Erin! To the Poll! Onward in tho cause of the Rose and llio Siianirock."

Wc must apologize to our readers for quoting such bombastic trash, but we must observe that it was listened to with marks of approbation. Need we now ask what pa.'ly would I'oment national distinctions.

Neilson's Gazelle admits that the Stuart party had " excited to national distinctions," but adds, " is there no palliation for such conduct !" and what is the palliation ofl'ored? why that the Canadians had done the same. Now this ' palliation' we have already de- stroyed ; the naked fact, therefore, remains, that the Conservative party at Quebec have fomented national prejudices without lallia- tion.' To place this beyond a doubt, we shall give one more quotation — namely, part of one of '.he Resolutions passed at one o'' the Stuaht meetings at Quebec ; —

Resolved, — Tint liiis Meeting, confident in

thnjiislico of Uio cause Uicy support, onil Hatis- fiud that pnblii: upiiiiuii '\a in ilx f.ivor, call upon ovury oluctor wlto Liuauls Hi ilish Bloui!, &.c.

Tlio unanimity and steadiness of ti. ])co- ple of Canada towards tluMi- principle?, is au- I'llicr fentiiro wliicli sliouKl not be omitted.

The House is composed of 88 Jlembcrt", returned by two Cities, of two ^Vards cacli, two Boroughs, and forty Counties, makini,' 'W place?. 'I'o exliibit the feature we have alluded to, wo have prepared the followinjr statement, v.liicli wo believe will be found correct : —

rn'.'i;<:. MKMnrii!-'.

T'n:iniino\iR ri'liinis, wltlimit

conleHt, ill favor of Iho clec-

tivo principlu 23 42

Ditto ajjain-.t ditto 0 0

ContcstH on local grouiidsi,

whoro the Candiilatos wore

all Uoformcrs; namely,!/ As.

somplion, Siiuuimiy, lii-

inouski, and Dorchester.... -l 8

Dillo, ttiiorc llio DnndidatoH

wof" all Anli.Roforniers ;

iianiul}', 'Missinquoi and

Shcfford Q 4*

Cuntcsls on tlio principle,

whoro it was succobbIuI ;

nanioly, Ciiauco, Buauhar-

rioiH, licllnchaFRU, tL'Acadie,

Ottawa, Quebec, (County,)

liouvillo, Stanstoad, Two

Af oinit!iins,Kast Wiird Mon-

trcnl, West Ward .Montreal,

Upper Tqwn of Cjiieboc,

Lower Town of (Quebec,

Three Uivers, forrl 15 39

Ditto where the principle was

unsuccessful ; namely, Slier-

lirooki', Megantic, tV Gnspe 3 5*

4f. 88

Those marked tliiis * being the only Anti-Reformers

in ihe House. t A oonlcsl iiidi'cd, 1ml ih,-' Anti-Reformer, Neilson,

got no vote.

Not to detain our readers longer, wo shall submit to their attention the followinjy Tabic, which will fully illustrate the result of tho (leneral Election : —

TABLE showing theromposiliov nfl.'ic Fimrteentk itn,l Fiftcinlh rarliaments of Imver Canada, uilh the Nnmhcr <if 'McmlHra in eaihfnamraUr or oppoaid In llic prupojiil In mnh Ihr Cniiiicil iliiiive ; In^ilhi-r vjilh Ihe Pnjnilt!- lion u/iaili Cnimtij, Ci'i/, or flormiah niirr::cnlcil, .in o.i to c.rhililt Ihr effect nf the frnidiv^ j'rincijilr of the la.it Kkclion, and to serve a.i nn fmlex of (he state ofpuliU:; npinion.

f)l,'.Hi2 '!!i:i87l

!l2-2.'>

Tntnl

		Mkm-i			Mk.m 1
PoPUL.M'ION'.	fiKKS.	Xnmcs of Mnnbir. of the Uth Parliam-nt.	Same of Count i/, ('ill,; or lior- oiiuh.	Xami.i of Mcmhrs of Ihe Vilh Parliament.	iiraa.	Poi'ur,	■VTION.
Apnins' an Klectiw	For nil F.lcitici	1	S^	5^	^.	For an Flectivt	Ag'ni'tan Elective
Council.	Council.	1				1.	1	Council.	Council.
	11,900	A. C, Ta.scliertnu	Heauco	A. C. I'lischereaii	1	11,900
			1	I'. F.. Tnr,fhere:m		P. K. Tnschercau	h
	10,857		1 1	.1. Dewiu (\ ylrchambni!]!	Heauliarnoia	J. Dev.itt ('. Arclmnibaut			16,857
	13,.')29		1 1	\. Hoi.'iBonnniilt A.N. jMorin	lii'llnchasse	.\. I'oisMonnnult A. N. .'Morin			13,529
	S0,23J		1 1	J. Ucligny A. M()ns.senu	licrihior	■'. l)i:li»,'ny A. Mou.s.sean			20,225
	4,1jU		1	l'3. 'riiil)audeau*	lionn venture	!•-. Tliihnudeau			8,309
■1,1.') 11		I		J. H. IllWlillo;i		J. Dt4)lois
		1		;•'. A. (Jiicr.nd	C'hanibly	h. 31. Viger			15,483
7,71 U	7,7415		1	L. .M. Viijer		1.. I.aeosto
	G,99I		1 1	!'. A Uorlou O. Triidel	Champlain	P. A. Dorion O. 'i'nidel			6,991
.'),y73	.',07.1	1	1	//. J. ( •ahhrU .I.BoiiiTard	Dortlip.stor	.1. I'oullhrd .1. Hcaudoin			11,010
	3,506		1	l"".. Tcvimy	Drummond	K. Tooiny			3,566
.'),003		1 1		Win- Power J. I.e BouteUiir	Caspe	llwi. Power T. I.e lioutellier		1 1		5,020
	7,278i		1	A. Oionno	Kamoura>:ka	A. Dionno			14,557
7,-278i		1		C. K. Casgrniii		A. (". Marquis
ii.iiy		1		F. lAingucdoc It. Ifoyie	[/Acadie	C. II. O. Ooto			11,419
		1			>I. Iliitcbkisji
	0,.}G1		1 1	V. ('oiirtea'j .1. ^J. Uorlion	LacliL'snaye	F. ('oiirtean 1. 51. Roclion	3		9,461
9,248 i	9,249 i	1	1	.1. Ciiviliiir I. .M. Raymond	l-aprnirio	J. JI Raymond .1. i\. Cardinal			18,497
	12,767		1 1	\. DescliaiiiP-s K. K. Rodier	f/A.ssoniption	i;. v.. Rmlier .1. H. Meilleur			12,767
	13,518		1 1	1. C. I.etoiirnean I. 1!. Torl'n	l/lslet	J. (" letournenu T. H. I'ortin			13,518
	6,943		1 1	I.. Melhol 1. 15. Noel	I.xilbiniere	I..Mptliot I. H. Noel			6,948
2,28.T		1		.1. Ander.'on	Mejrantic	/. (f. Cluvhom K. Hedard		1		2,283
	3,743		1	K. Hrdard	Moiinnorenci	1		3,743
8,801				v. n,ih-r	^^^^.^{."qiioi	'.'. Kniphl		1		8,801
		I		R. 'I'lt/Uir 1	1	Mw. Inhcr		1

^ cnrriril o%rr

•) r.n».7i6 I irt,(ifi7

CONTlM.VnON UK Till': TABLE.

88 Anti-Uelbrmers

>tmer, Noilson,

or, wc shall •wiiigf Tabic, •csult of tlis

il/i t/ir Ntimh r III l/iePojnila. }>lc (if the last

Ol'L'I.AITOV.

rnn lAg'tuirin frlim} Ekriire mril. Council.

i)00 S57 329 125

183 91 IG GO

57 19 !1

)7 7 3 8

.%020

2,283 8,801

61,902 8,238 ♦•

4,786 3,958 ♦'

9,0571

5.087 7,104

5,153

4,718 G,21f)

21,193 1,063

1.^3,871

8,238 ♦*

4,319

12,350 3,958 ♦♦ 10,001

9,0.'>7i 8,385

1 38,535 i

5,1.53 15,306

13,796 16,623

20,905

13,111

12,319

4,718 6,246

14,805

7,064 3,113

373,3811 128 60

J. Viilois

ynr<ml\

L. HourdnKeH

J. J{. l»roul.\

A. f Jo(lbi)iit

J, K. CitHnult

/'. Wriulu

T. Davis

U.S. lluot

K. X. Lariu!

J. A'( //.«,«

Fj. T. Uesseier

J. Dorioii

C. C. J)c Hliiuiy

L. llcrtriuid

A. Kiviird

7', Ijiikiij

I'. Cnrra'ii

A. Simon

X. To.ssior

I'. If. Kiwullon

S<itliilil WiiihI

C, I'. If. (Idotllilic

li. A. ('. Oil fill

!•:. i>hH "

M. Cliilti

. R. Bhinchard T.. I'ouliii V. Guillet i'. Bureau .1 O. Tiiigeou I.. 11. I.ntoiiluiiic W. H. Scott J. J. CJiroiinrd P. T. Mussoii C. I,arocf|ue P. Ainiot J. T. Drolot J. liaiUuiu:

LGde Tonnaiicour J I.cslio O. Bcrllidel L. J.^ Papineau, ) Spiuhir, 5

V'acantIT A. Stuart J. F. J. Ihmd T. A. Yoiiii/^ (i. Vanlol.-ion I{. J. Kimbci- J. Defosses* /. Wurlelf

Totalii brougbi lbr\\nrc Monlrciil Co.

321

Nicolet

Orleans

Ottawa

Port iNcuf

Quebec

llichellou

Kiinouaki

Kouvillu

Saguenay

Shcll'orJ

Sherbrooko

Staiistead

St. Ilyacinlho

St, Maurice

Terrebonne

Two Mountains

V'audrcuil

Verclieres

V'amaska

Montreal, ) East Waril. S

Wist ^Var(l

Quebec ) Upjii r Town ^ Loin r Town

I Three Rivers

William Henry

[.. .1. Piiiijiionu IC. S. Clinrrior ,li liourdngeN ■:. W. Proulx ]A. Godliout

J. II. ('MBault !.I. niackbum !|{. Uowniiui I U.S. lluot ,!•'. X. I.arui' 'l.. T. HeMsciir |.l. lilniiclii't I.I. Doriiiii !('.(;. I)<t Hloiiry

I,. Hcrtrand !.r. 15. Taeho ;1'. C'arcau I P. M. Hardy |

lA. Simon jX. ToKKier !N. UV«W \A. ^\elU 1.7. Mimri:

ft. A. (txiL'll

:M. Chibr J. C;raniii.s '\,. R. Blan.'liard T. BoulUillier IV, Guillet I P. Bureau L Fl. F.afonlaino !S. Boue iVV- II. Scott ;J. .1. (iirouard '('. Laroriiiie <;. O. I'errault P. Amiot

|j. T. Drolet I

'I.GdeTonnancour J E. B. O'Callaghaii ; .1. r.eslio )

'J.Roy 1

: F,. J. Papineau

|R. Nelson

,A. Bertlielot

]K. ("aron (J. Vanfelson FF. Dubord R. J. ICimbcr

ii;. Barnard .1. I'ukel

1' II 1 l! 1 1 li II

5 199,716 16,176

, 12,504

4,»49 ' 4,736 ; 12,350

7,916

15,(W6

' 10,061

I 18,115

I 8,385

I II

Ij i 10,306

, 15,.366

' 13,796

■ 16,623

i 20,'J()r.

I 13,111

1 12,319

9,496

i 12,492

j 14,805

I 28,257

3,113 1,063

16,087

5,087 7,104

9.483,639 | 28,278

* Absent on leave when the division took place, but known to be favourable to the Eleotive principle.

+ Absent on leave, but known to \ie unfavourable thereto.

t Seat vacant by dismissal ; the late Member (D. Mondolet) known to be unfavourable to the Elective principle.

If Seat vacant by death ; the late 31eniber (Dr. Tracy) Lnown to be favourable thereto.

** Counties having represented Cities and Boroughs therein. F'rom such Counties the population of the said Cities and Boroughs is deducted, being placed opposite and di ' ' Members.

Ividcd according to the voters of the City

■> ! 16,087

.' , ■ IPPER

■ Having exhibited the result, of the Elections of Lower Canada, it is highly desirable that we should perform a similar task with respect to the Elections of the sister Province. We must observe, however, that our means of com- parison are not aa satisfactory as in this Prov- ince. We have no accurate record of the votes of the last Parliament ; we can only state in general terms that it was a Tory House of a very ultra character. This fact was referred to by Mr. Stanley, in his Bpeech in the House of Commons on the l-'ith of April last, and the "beautiful har-

CANADA. .

niony" of the Constitution of Upper Canada was held to be almost equal to that of the Constitution of the Mother Country.

In reply to Mr. Roebuck the late Secre- tary for the Colonics is reported to have said, " there is between the Governor and the Legislative 'Council, and the House of As- sembly ,iot one single point of difference ; that perfect cordiality and uniform harmony prevails between the three branches of the Constitution established in that Province, notwithstanding the sedulous efforts that have been made to disturb them,"

»•

.^1

II.

A^'aiii, " the pei>|)li) o( Ujipcr ('niiadii, aa well hy their KeprcBeiitatives, us by their IiCjfiHlalive ('oiincii, hiivi; exprrsscd their cn- lire (111(1 unqiiiililied (t|>prohHtioii of the Con- Btitution under which tliry live, and their full conviction of liio benefits which they en- joy under it."

I']vury body who knows Upper Canada is well aware that that ' harniniiy' was brought about by the very means whicli we have just pointed out, as ])ervading the Legislature of the Mother Country, though applied in a different way. Corruption had found its way, in various shapes, among the Electors, and the result was, that the late House Miarmonizcd' with the Governor and Council. We must do tlic people of Upper Canada, however, the Justice to say, that the Mem- bers, when candidates, professed to be im- bued with principles which we are at a loss to discover in liieir subsequent votes, so that the great body of electors were cajoled, and the House was not what they intended it to be. Be this as it may, no sooner had it gone forth, that the Secretary for the Colonies had declared that the most perfect cordial- ity existed between the three branches of the Legislature of Upper Canada ; than the people speaking through the Liberal press said, "we will elect a Liberal House." At this jimcture another great pivot for the Elections to turn upon was introduced by the publication of Mr. Hume's celebrated letter in the Advocate newspaper. It was at once denounced by the Tory press as revolution- ary. This was considered as a capital elec- tion hit. A bug-bear was raised up, which the dominant party calculated would frighten the people from voting for the friends of Mr. M'Kenzie ; and some true Reformers, calcu- lating upon the number of timid politicians, and politicians wanting only a good excuse to change, to be met with in every country, began to think that the publication of the letter liad been injudicious. Mr. M'Kenzie, hoivever, persevered ; the true character of the letter was pointing out as denouncing bad government only, and not good govern- ment ; and a list was put forward in the Advocate of men who were Reformers in M'Kenzie's sense of the word. In short, the Reformers said—" by Mr. Hume's letter will we be tried."

On the other hand,and as an antidote to this list,the ultra Tory party put forward their list, whigh they called the While-List, and there seemed to be a general understanding that these lists should become the test of the

Htrenglh uf thi; two extreme partiea. What wat« ilic result .' the people bclected twenty- three persons out of M'Ivknzie's list, and nineteen out of the while-list ; of tiieao nine- teen, however, two arc Rct'ormers — namely, H. Norton, and Dr. DuNr oMiiii;, which re- duces the Tories from the white-list to seven- teen.

Of course, in all elections, local considera- tions will carry the day ; accordingly, we find twenty-one Members elected who are not in either list, and who may therefore be considered as neutrals, as fiir as the main trial of strength is concerned. With regard to Mr. JStanley's foolish statement, how- ever, they will not be neutral, twelve of them being good Reformers, eight only " staunch Tories," as they delight to call themselves.

In point of population, tiie Reformern have gained even a more signal victory, as the most populous countica have been almost unanimous in their return of Reformers. Unfortunately, wo have no detailed state- ment of the population since 1832: but tlie returns of that year will serve to estab- lish a proportion, which is all we require. Some \'ii\w defects may be apparent in taking the population of the towns from that of the counties, and in allowing for the part of Lin- coln not yet represented ; however,the errors cannot be great ; and we have endeavoured to give the Conservative side the benefit of all allowances — the Reform interest can well afford it.

Our table will serve to exhibit the matter in detail, still it may bo well to recapitulate : —

llEFOnMERS.

jVanicil by M'Krnzii - • Not named by Brivenzic

Anti-Reformers.

Named in the Whiie-list, deducting II. Norton and Duncombo - - -

Other known Tories - -

No return

23 ■ 12 —35

17 8

—25 1

Population. 121,218 52,C80 17G.898

60,158» 19,934i 80,093

256,991

The election of Speaker is another ques- tion by which the real state of parties will be tested, and the general chaj-acter of the Hou.sc further exhibited. Mr. M'Lean is un- derstood to be the ultra-Tory Candidate, and Mr. BiDWELL the popular Candidate.

A classification has been put forward by the British Whig newspaper, which would give people in England a very erroneous concep- tion of the state of parties in Upper Canada. Of the first forty-eight Members returned, thirty-six were called Whigs, and twelve

]

lies. Wliat cted twonly- F.'i liist, uiul )ftlioae iiiiie- iTs — namely, HE, wliicli ro- list to eeven-

nl considora-

or(liiit,'ly, wc

ted who aro

tlicreroro be

as the main

With regard

cnicnt, how-

vcIvG oftheiii

ily "staunch

tliomselvca.

Reformers

victory, as

been almost

Reformers.

stalled state-

e 1832: but

rve to cstab-

I we require, ent in taking

II that of the e part of Lin- i'er,the errors

endeavoured he benefit of ircst can well

the matter in capitulate : —

JPULATION.

121,218 52,G80 170.898

60,158t 19,934i 80,093

256,991 >nother ques- urties will be ,cter of the >Lean is un- indidate, and date.

irward by the b would give ious concep- >per Canada, srs returned, and twelve

Tones. Now, the absurdity of clasbiiig the or O'Co.iNKtr. inij^ht as wi.-il be cttlicd Mayor of Toronto with Oiilk Gowan, a ^ViligH ! As fur os Coloniul jioliticsj arc con- violent Orangeman, must be obviouH('iiiMi;^h ; ccrned, the terms Wlii;,' and Tory liavo very there could scarcely occur n question where- nearly the same signilicutiori. on they would vote on the same side. IIumk

TABLE of the Ncwh/.p.lirtvd PnrliamrnI of V/ipir Cunndn, fhaurin/; the rnpulnliim rrprrsmled hy Uiformert and Aiili-liejhrmi'ni; alto the I'vpulnlwn reprinLnlcd bij Mm chouii out of M' KnaW s lii l\,rm Imi\ nnd out i<J the Tory \V kite /.«<.

County or ''' -vn.

IVICMDEKS.

I'opuLATi'^:: r':!rBi!:BKNTEU iiY Uefokmkrs.

fill Mm ill

III! nun I Mr. MK.

lie form List

Cornwall

Mrockvillo

Kingston

Toronto

Hamilton

Niagara

Prcscott

Russell Ulengury

Stormont

Dundas

Orenvillo

Leeds

Corleton

Lanark

Frontcnac

Lennox and Addington'

Hastings

Prince Edward

Northumberland

Durham

York, (4 Ridings)

Simcoo Halton Wentworth Lincoln, (4 Ridings)

Haldjmand Oxford

Middlesex

Norfolk

Kent

Essex

Huron

M'Leant

D. Joncs.t

C. Hogermnn.t

J. E. Small.*

Mr. M'Niib.t

(!. Rirliardson.

Waters.*

M'Donnldt

T. M'Kay.t

Chisholni

M'Donell.t

Bruco.*

\. iM'Donell.*

Shavor.**

Cook.**

IL Norton.**

W. B. Wells*

Jamicson.t

(Jowan.t

Lcwis.t

i^IoUock.*

Morris.

Taylor.*

Shibley.**

Strange

Bidwell.**

Perry.**

Yoger.*

SanT-on.t

Roh/n.**

Wilson.*

Gilchrist*

M'Donell.t

Bolton.t

Brown. t

Mackenzie.** "1

Gibson.** 1

M'Intosh.** j

Morrison.** J

W. Robinson. t

S. Lount.**

Hopkins.**

Durand.*

Smith.**

Rymal.**

M'Micking** "j

2d no Return i

Wolverton.** f

Rykert. J

W. H. »Ierritlt

Alway.**

Duncombe.t

Parke.**

Moore.**

Walsh.

D. Duncomb.*

Cornwall.**

M'Crac.

Hnby.**

Caldwell.*

Dunlop.t

5,505

5,265 1

3,022 5,090

/Ji/ Mm not i/i -W'/i.'s

List.

3,103 10,733

5,3951

31,158

1,9934

9,009

8,006

11,203

3,2351 15,236

2,2511 3,062

124,218

2,088

6,265

5,090

5,289i 4,5284

2,765

5,395J

6,15U

Total.

9,009

3,042

3,062

52,680

POPUI.ATIDN UkI'RF.SF.NTED BY ANTI-ltKroilMKllS.

Ill/ Mm in

the Whili:

List.

5,505

2,082

5,2654

6,265

3,922

10,180

5,2894 4,5284 3,1034 10,753 2,765 10,791 6,1514

31,158

1,9934 18,018 8,006

11203

3,2354 l,'i,286 3,042 2,2514 0,124

868'9il

1,047 H 4,196

1,200

2,082 1,129

5,2654

Hi/ .Vm nut iilhi:\Vliiti

List.

14,119

5,2894

2,765

6,1514 8 716

1,9934

1,760 3,2354

1.200

60,1584

1,106

4,.5284 3,1034

5,603

3,042 2,2514

19,9314

Total.

1,047

4,190

1,200 1,106 2,a"t3 1,129

5,2654

14,119

5,289 » 4,5284 3,1034

2,765

6,1514 8,713

1,9934

5,603 1,769

3,235*

3,012 2,2514

1,300

80,093

•* From M'Kenzie's Reform List. ,

* Reformers, but not in M'Kunzie's List, ■f Tories from the White List.

Toriw not in the White List- "o mark.

^ The popuhtion cf BrockvilU is included in that of the County of Leeds, all the Members being Anti- Rtf»rin«n.

li '

!'■ a, — Last year lliu (.'oiiBcrvalives udvo- <:alud a union oCllio Provinct'8, suppoaing if it could bo brotijilit about, that tl e Fruncli Onnndians.or tlio pnpular inlluencc in tiiis Pro- \ incc could ilir'ri'by be destroyed. Of courHU the injustice of the propoaition, cominjj as it <lid from the minority of this community, ne- ver caiiBod tiioni to hesitate. They had an object to attain, the meauH, therefore, with- out regard to th« kind, were deemed jimlifi- able.

At the time the proposition was nude, wc pointed out the fallacy, which consisted in the astiumption that language, and not prin- ciple, would determiiie the formation of poli- tical jjartioi?. Uiii even for argument sake, Bupjiosiug that language would, upon such an event being brought about by forcible means, for we know of no other the Tories would deign to use, still would they bo in the mino- rity yet awhile ; for the united number speak- ing the English language in both Provinces, does not etjual the number speaking tlio I'Vencli language in this Province.

Assuming, however, as we feel wo may with justice to the Liberals of Upper Canada, that principle, not language, would determine their conduct then, as steadily as it does now, the following extract from the above ta- bles will show the result of such an iniqui- tous measure : —

raoviNCEs.

\F()r the eiintinp islate of lliinps m the two Canadaa.

In Upper Cniinda, In Lower Canada,

Totok ....

For change of pre- sent ayntfm, with m'curily for the fu- ture.

1)0,1 12* a3,278

202,20.'-)* 483,630

095,814

134,390

* One-fifih is added to the number in the table to make up the present population.

Supposing the Colonial Office were inclined to attempt carrying into effect the threat which that most petulant — most rash — most conceited — and most tyrannical of Colonial Ministers, Edward Geoffry Stanley, made use of in the House of Commons, in replying

to Mr. UuEBick'M speech on liiu Mtalo of iho Cdnadu«, wo know well what Would be tlio consiMiuence — resistance even unto revolu- tion. But supposing that such a thought did exist in tiic mind of Mr. Rkk, it must have arisen from erroneous ideas, which the result of the Elections cannot fail to dispel. The attempt would be more than the value of liis place ; and now that the case of the Tories is l)roved ho hopeless, we doubt if they or their friend Mr. I'athick Stuart, M. P., will mention the plan again.

If the Tories could cahnly look around them, they would quickly perceive tlmt their darling object, the destruction of the French inlluence as they call it, but popular influ- ence as wc call it, and as it is in fact, cannot under any circumstances within their control be brought about. Let them look to the Soutiiern of the (Jnited Sates, where other than the English language is spoken, where tho speakers of such languages bear no such proportion to the Anglo-Americans as the im- mense body of the French Canadians here do to t'le English, and say if the legitimate in- fluence, without regard to its nature, could have been destroyed, had there been the in- clination, without the most tyrannical pro- ceedings, of which, fortunately, the several constitutions do not admit. Again, let them look at home, and say if the speakers of the native language of Scotland — if the speakers of the native language of Ireland — if the speakers of the native language of Wales could, were it desired by the English, be dis- regarded and treated as nought in Great Bri- tain. Even in Wales, small as that commu- nity is, in comparison with that of England, wc were told by a Member of Parliament for one of its Counties, that he did not suppose the English language would be generally un- derstood and used in a century from the pre- sent time ! How then can thfe Tories hope to attain their fond purpose — the annihilation of the French language, and the subjugation of the will of the many to their dictum.

:*-.'.:i..'^