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Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film6s d des taux de rdduction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clichd, il est filmd d partir de I'angle supdrieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'imagei ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent ia m6thode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ■ ^..1^.,._-.' \i M-f, ■'■•(•••■.■'■; 'f .' • „ . :^ ,*■ THE RAY SOCIETY. INSTITUTED MDCCCXLIV. 3V(w volume is issued to the SnbHcribers to the Ray Society /or the Year 18(17 LONDON: .M1)C'C'L'1,.\VU. -^fc* wttt'iinrir^ni N/ )>w ■:<**! THE MISCELLANEOUS BOTANICAL WOEKS or ROBERT BROWN, ESQ., D.C.L., F.R.S., FOKEIQN ASSOCIATE OF THE ACADEMY OV SCIENCES 07 THE INSTITITTB OF FBANCE, ETC., ETC., ETC. VOL. 11. CONTAINING III. SYSTEMATIC MEMOIRS. AND IV. CONTRIBUTIONS TO SYSTEMATIC WORKS. NATIONAL MUSEUM OF CANADA LONDON : # PUBLISHED FOR THE RAY SOCIETY BV ROBERT HARDAVICKE, 192, .PICCADILLY. MUCCCLXVIl. I JU.i'i.. PRINTKU BK J. K. AULARD, BAtTHOI.OXEW CLOSE. TEEEACE TO THE SECOND VOLUME. (HY TIIK KDITOH.) The present volume contains, as announced in tlie Preface to the first, the Systematic Memoirs and Miscel- laneous Descriptions of Plants ; and to these have been added a nnmber of short contribntions to different publi- cations, togetiier with notices of the assistance acknow- ledged to have been afforded by the Author to various writers, wherever the nature of the assistance is distinctly pointed out. In Pritzel's ' Thesaurus liiteraturae Botanicse,' p. 35, at the end of the enunieration of Mr. Brown's works, it is stated, " Robertus Brown dedit praeterea descriptiones ultimi (an etiani tt tii?) Fasciculi Plantarum Cryptogami- caruni Dicksonianarum, necnon eas tertii voluminis Plant. Coromand. Roxburghii, et curavit Editionem alteram Ilorti Kewensis a classe XII ad XXIV " To all the works here mentioned there is no doubt that Mr. Brown contributed valuable assistance, but of different kinds and in different degrees. The fourth fasciculus of Dickson's ' Plantae Cryp- togamicae/ but not, 1 believe, the third, was largely indebted to him J but it would be difficult, if not impossible, to de- termine what portions of the text were actually furnished by him. To the publication of the third volume of Rox- burgh's ' Coromandel Plants ' he gave a general superin- 'f VI PRFKACr,. tendencc, but in (lenling vvitli the text confined himself to slight verbal corrections. One generic name, that of CMyno- cardia, was substituted by him for the barbarous name, C/iau/iiioo(/r'(y adopted by Roxburgh, and this alteration has met with general iicqniescence. On the portion of the second edition of the ' llortus Kewensia' printed after the death of Dryander, in 1810, lit? bestowed the same attention which had been devoted by Dryander to the earlier portion, and by Solander to the tirst edition, adding largely to the elucidation of certain Families and Genera. These contributions will be found extracted in the present volume. In the list of Mr. Brown's works given by Pritzel there occur two: "No. 13f)5t, Of three species of the natural order Orchideae, Loud. 1817, 4, 8 pp. 2 tab. col.;" and No. 1366t, Select Orchideae, ib. 4, 2 pp." both extracted from ' The Journal of Science and the Arts,' which do not properly belong to Mr. Brown, but formed part of a series o^ papers on Cape Orchideae, by Mr. Bellenden Ker. These, of course, have not been admitted into the present edition. < I have oidy, in addition, to return my best thanks to my friends, Mr. Carruthers, and the Rev. W. W. New- bould, for much valuable assistance in reading and com- paring the proof-sheets ; and to Mr. Carruthers, in parti- cular, for the preparation of the elaborate Index of Names of Plants appended to the present volume. JOHN J. BENNETT. NoTEHBEn 30th, I8fi7. CONTENTS. PAKT TTI. SYSTE>f ATIC MEMOIRS. v\nit On the Natural Order ol Plants called Proteaceaj . . 3 — 192 On the AsclepiadeiB, a Natural Order of Plants srpurated from the Apocinese ofjussieu ..... 193—247 On Wooiisia, a New Genus of Ferns .... 249—255 Observations on the Natural Family of Plants called Compositse . 257 — 318 Characters and Descriptions of Three New Species of Plants, found in China by Clarke Abel, Esq 319—328 Characters and Description of Lyellia, a New Genus of Mosses, with Observations on the Section of the Order to which it belongs; and some Remarks on Lcplostomum and Buxbaumia . . 329 — 351 Remarks on the Structure and Affinities of Cephalotus . 353 — 359 Characters and Description of Lininanthes, a New Genus of Plants allied toFloerkea ....... 301—304 PART IV. CONTRIBUTIONS TO SYSTEMATIC WORKS. Genera et Species Flaiitarum Cruciferarum, necnon Generis Cit^onif, qu«r in Horto Kewensi coluntur ..... 367 — 415 Genera et Species qusedam Flantarum Leguminosarum, quse in Horto Kewensi coluntur ...... 417 — 447 Genera et Species quaedam Plantarum Myrtacearum, quae in Horto Kewensi coluntur ...... 449 — 467 mmfimm VIII rONTKNTS. TAOR Genera ct Spec' ;a r|Uffi(lam Planfanim ronipositarum, qiio! in Ilorto Kt'wcnsi coliinlur ...... ••SO -470 Gcncia ct Spi-ciiii Plauttinini OrcliiiUuiiiini, (|uu; in Horto Kewensi colimtur ....... 471—499 Genera et Species Plantaruiii e variis Faniilii.s, quee in Horto Kewensi coluntur ....... 501-510 Extracts from Dr. llicliardsoii's iiotanical Appendix to the " Narrative of a Journey to llie Polar Sta, by Captain Franklin ;" with Addenda 511-527 Namts of and Notes on Indian Plants; extracted from Dr. Wallicli's "Numerical List" ...... 529-538 Notes and Obscivalions on Indian Plants; extracted from Dr. Wallicli's " Plaiitu3 Asiaticwj llariores" ..... 539— 5.j0 Extracts from " Plantic Javanicaj llariores" . . . 557—660 Contribul ions to the "Botanical Magazine" . . . 6(57 — C79 Contributions to the " Botanical Register" . . . 681 -6D9 Nanaes, &c., of Plants contributed to various publications, between 1818 and 1820; and Names quoted from 11. Brown's Herbarium in Mr. Bentham's " Flora Australieubis" . . . 701—71 1 Short Contributions to various Works, and occasional Notices, Botanical and Geological ...... 713—727 Index of Subjects to Vol. 11 Index of Names of Plants to both Volumes 729—735 737-7CO U PAOR 1 Ilorto . 151) -470 Kewensi . 171—490 Kewensi . 501-510 atlvo of cuda 511-527 ^iillich'a 529-538 allicli's 539—556 557-666 607— C79 681-6'J9 1 1818 uin in 701—711 taiiical 713-727 729-735 PART 111. SYSTIiAIATlC MKMOIIiS. ^ ON THE NATURAL ORDER OF PLANTS CALLEB PROTEACEiE. BT ROBERT BROWN, Lib. L.S. (Rkad Jan. 17tu, 1809.) [Extracted from the ' Tranmcf-o..s'ofthc Unneaa Society oj London, Vol. X, pj). 15— 22QA LONDON. 1810. .- '-— twyto»-iaw ^■^' *>- f»t ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JUSSIEU, The Linnean system of botany, though confessedly [is artificial, has not only contributed more than all others to facilitate the knowledge of species, but, by constantly directing the attention to those essential parts of the flower on which it is founded, has made us acquainted with more of their important modifications than we probably should have known, had it not been generally adopted, and has thus laid a more solid foundation for the establishment of a natural arrangement, the superior importance of which no one has been more fully impressed with than Linnaeus himself. There are still, however, certain circumstances respecting the stamina and pistilla, which appear to me to have been much 'ess attended to than they deserve, both by Linnajus and succeeding botanists. What I chiefly allude to is the state of these organs before the expansion of the flower. The utihty of ascertaining the internal condition of the ovarium before foecundation will hardly be called in ques- tion, row that the immortal works of Gsertner and Jussieu have demonstrated the necessity of minutely studying the fruits of plants in attempting to arrange them according to the sum of their affinities, as in many cases the true nature of the ripe fruit, especially with respect to the piacentation of the seeds, can only be determined by this means. Its importance is indeed expressly inculcated by many botanists, who, ho7."*ver, have frequently neglected it in practice : m nor do I find any one who has steadily kent it in view, except Aubert Du Petit-Thouars in his excellent work on .%»► 6 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. the plants of Madagascar and the Isles of France and Bourbon, The bursting of the antherae has, it is true, been gene- rally observed, and many of its most unusual modes have been introduced into the characters of genera ; but the ex- amination of these organs, at a still earlier period, has been unive»*oally neglected ; and hence the very imperfect know- ledge which, even now, is possessed of their real nature in two of the most remarkable families of plants, the Orchidese and Asclepiadeae. Examples of the great advantage of observing the antherae in this early stage will hereafter be given in my general re- marks on the order which is the proper subject of this essay. But I trust I shall be pardoned for here introducing some account of their structure in Asclepiadeae, as it will enable me not only to bring forward the most striking proof of the importance of this consideration with which I am acquainted, but also, as I apprehend, to decide a question which has long occupied, and continues to divide, the most celebrated botanists. The point in dispute is whether this order, comprehend- ing Asclepias, Cynanchum, Pergularia, Stapelia, and several genera, at present confounded with these, ought to be re- ferred to Pentandria or Gynandria, and, if to the latter, whether the antherae are to be considered as five or ten ; all of which opinions have had advocates of the greatest name in the science. According to Linnaeus, Jussieu, and Richard, they belong to Pentandria. Linnaeus has assigned no reason for his opinion, which, however, it appears he retained after he became acquainted with the observations of Jacquin and Rottboell ; but it is 17] probable he was induced to adopt it more from the con- sideration of the close analogy these plants have with the manifestly pentandrous Apocineae, than from regarding them as strictly referable to this class ; for, in his natural generic characters of Asclepias and Pergularia, he very clearly de- scribes both these genera as gynandrous. Jussieu has entered more fully into the subject, but seems ON THE PROTEACE.B OP JUSSIEU. also to have been chiefly guided by this analogy and the observations of others; as he concludes by expressing his doubts, respecting both the origin and use of the parts. Richf'i'd, whose description of these organs I find in Persoon'- iynopsis, lias indeed corao nearer to the solu- tion of the question ; his account, however, of the origin of the lateral processes hereafter mentioned, proves that this description was not altogether formed on actual observa- tion. Jacquin, the first botanist that submitted these plants to minute examination, and whosi? figures well illustrate most points of their structure, has adopted a very different opinion, referring tht^m to Gynandria, in which he is fol- lowed by Koelreuter, Rottboell, and Cavanilies, all of whom likewise agree with him in considering them as decandrous ; while Dr. Smith, in his late valuable Introduction to Botany, who conceives that "no plants can be more truly gynandrous," regards them as having only five antherfc. And lastly Desfontaines supposes the five glands of the stigma to be the true antherae, considering the attached masses of pollen as mere appendages to these. All the authors who thus refer them to Gynandria seem quite confident in the justness of their views ; and yet the inspection of a single flower bud overturns, as it appears to me, with irresistible evidence, the conclusion they had formed from premises apparently so satisfactory. My attention, while in New Holland, having been much engaged by the plants of this family, the species in that m continent being both numerous and with difficulty reducible to established genera : I there observed the following facts concerning them, all of which I have, since my return to England, confirmed by the examination of different species of the same tribe. The observations of Jacquin on this subject being gene- rally known, it must be unnecessary to enter into a minute description of those organs which are well exhibited by his figures in every respect, except as to the origin of the sup- posed antherae. If a flower bud of any plant of this family, while scarcely ■ 8 ON THE PROTEACE^ OP JU8SIEU. half the size it attains immediately before expansion, be carefully examined, it will be found that the poUeniferous sacs, as they are termed by Jacquin and his followers, in which they suppose the antherae to be merely immersed, are really the organs by which the fcecundating matter is secreted : for at this period they are perfectly closed, and consequently all communication cut off between the stigma and their contents now consisting of a turbid fluid or pulpy mass/ If the stigma be at the same time observed, the gland-like bodies which originate in its grooved angles are already visible ; but, instead of having the cartilaginous or horny texture which they at length acquire, are as yet semi- fluid, and of hardly a determinate form. Near the base of each side of these grooves a more superficial depression is observable, which, though in some cases extremely short, is in others of considerable length, and generally forms a right angle with the corresponding groove. In these de- pressions, the processes by which, at a more advanced stage, the contents of the antherae are connected with the stigma, are immersed, and at this period they are found to be semi- fluid. By degrees the glands, as well as their lateral pro- cesses, acquire a firmer consistence, and the inferior or outer extremity of each of the processes, being extended beyond 19] its depression or furrow, on the bursting of the opposite cell of the corresponding anthera, firmly attaches itself to its contents, now become a regular mass of a waxy con- sistence. If the accuracy of this statement be admitted, it will probably be allowed that the Asdepiadece cannot be re- garded as gynandrous, '^specially in the sense in which they are so considered by botanists ; but lest it should not be thought completely satisfactory, it may be added, that in a still earlier stage of the flower bud I have found the foecundating matter already secreted in the cells of the antherae, while the glands of the stigma, as well as their processes, were absolutely invisible. As to the question of their being pentandrous or decan- drous, every analogy must lead us to refer them to the former class ; nor, indeed, have they, when not considered 'f ON THE PROTEACEv*i C»P JUSSTEU. 0 ion, be [liferoiis ivers, in mersed, latter is led, and I stigma )r pulpy ^ed, the igles are inous or et semi- ! base of Bssion is y short, forms a tiese de- )d stage, I stigma, be semi- ral pro- or outer beyond pposite litself to ,xy con- it will be re- which uld not pd, that md the of the lis their decan- to the sidered as gynandrous, been ever supposed to belong to De- can dria. An ceconomy, in many respects similar to that now described, obtains also in OrchideaB ; in which, however, the processes connecting the antherae with the stigma, where they exist, are in many cases derived from the masses of pollen themselves ; but in others they as certainly originate from the stigma, or its glandular appendage. The result of my examination of these two iiiteresting orders of plants I hope hereafter to submit to the Society ; and I now proceed to the proper subject of the present paper. The natural order of Protege, or, as it is less excep- tionably called, PROTEACEiE, was first established in the Genera Plantarum of the celebrated Jussieu; and the description there prefixed to it will, with a few alterations, still apply to the order, now that it has received so many additions, not only in species, but in very distinct genera, several of which were first published by Dr. Smith, in [so the 4th vol. of the Society's Transactions, and others are in the present paper submitted to the consideration of botanists. The general description and definition of the order will be most advantageously placed at the head of its systema- tic arrangement ; before entering upon which, I shaK offer some remarks on its geographical distribution, and likewise on such modifications of structure in the different organs as appear to be of the greatest importance in indicating or characterising genera. The geography of plants being as yet in its infancy, the smallest addition to our knowledge of a subject which promises to become of considerable importance, will pro- bably be received with indulgence j and in this persuasion I venture to make the following observations on the order before us. In the first place, it is remarkable that the Proteace^e are almost entirely confined to the southern hemisphere. This observation originated with Mr. Dry- ander, and the few exceptions hitherto known to it, occur considerably within the tropic. The fact is the more JO ON THE PROTEACEyl': OP JUSSIEU. I ' I i deserving of notice, as their diffusion is very extensive in the southern hemisphere, not merely in latitude and longi- tude, but also in elevation ; for they are not only found to exist in all the great southern continents, but seem to be generally, though very unerjually, spread over their different regions : they have been observed also in the larger islands of New Zealand and New Caledonia ; but hitherto neither in any of the lesser ones, nor in Madagascar. As in America, they have been found in Terra del Fuego, in Chili, Peru, and even Guiana, it is reasonable to conclude that the intermediate regions are not entirely destitute of them. But with respect to this continent, it may be observed, that the number of species seems to be compara- tively small, their organization but little varied ; and further, that they have a much greater affinity with those 21] of New Holland than of Africa. Of the botany of South Africa, scarce anything is known, except that of the Cape of Good Hope, where this family occurs in the greatest abundance and variety; but even from the single fact of a genuine species of Protea having been found in Abyssinia by Bruce, it may be presumed, that m some degree they are also spread over this continent. With the shores, at least, of New Holland, under which I include Van Diemen's Island, we are now somewhat better acquainted, and in every known part of these, Proteacese have been met with. But it appears that, both in Africa and New Holland, the great mass of the order exists about the latitude of the Cape of Good Hope ; in which parallel it forms a striking feature in the vegetation of both continents. What I am about to advance respecting the probable distribution of this family in New Holland, must be very cautiously received ; as it is in fact chiefly deduced from the remarks I have myself made in Captain Plinders's Voyage, and subsequently during my short stay in the settlements of New South Wales and Van Diemen's Island, aided by what was long ago ascertained by Sir Joseph jianks, and by a very transitory inspection of an herbarium collected on the west coast, chiefly in the neighbourhood ON THE PROTEACE.U OF JUS8IEU. 11 of Shark's Bay, by the botanists attached to the expedition of Captain Baud in. From knowledge so acquired I am inclined to hazard the following observations. The mass of the order, though extending through the whole of the parallel already mentioned, is by no means equal in every part of it ; but on the south-west coast forms a more decided feature in the vegetation of the [23 couutry, and contains a far greater number of species than on the east : — and in that part of the south coast, which was first examined by Captain Flinders, it seems to be more scanty than at either of the extremes. On the west coast also, the species upon the whole are more similar to those of Africa than on the cast, where they bear a somewhat greater resemblance to the American portion of the order. From the parallel of the mass, the order diminishes in both directions ; but the diminution towards the north is probably more rapid on the east than on the west coast. Within the tropic, on the east coast, no genera have hitherto been observed, which are not also found beyond it ; unless that section of Grcvillea, which 1 have called Cydoptera, be considered as a ^cnus. Whereas at the southern limit of the order several genera make their appearance, which do not occur in its chief j)arallel. The most numerous genera are also the most widely diffused. Thus Grevillea, Hakca, Banksia, and Persoonia, extensive in species in the order in which they arc here mentioned, are spread nearly in the same proportion ; and they are likewise the only genera that have as yet been observed within the tropic. Of such of the remaining genera, as consist of several species, some, as Isopogon, Petrophila, Conospermum, and Lambertia, are found in every part of the principal parallel, but hardly exist beyond it. Others, as Josephia^ and Syna- phea, equally limited to this parallel, have been observed only towards its western extremity ; while Emholhrium ' Subsequently in this paper altered to Druandra. Confer Proilr. Fl. Nov. Holl. 1, p. 39r,.— EjiiT. 12 ON THE PROTEACEiT: OP JU88IKU. k (comprchendinp; for the present under this nnmc all tho umny-seeded plants of the order), ^ which is chiefly found on the east coast, and makes very little progress towards the west, advances to the utmost limit of south latitude, and there ascends to the summits of the highest mountains. 23] Genera consisting of one or very few species, and which exhibit generally the most remarkablj deviations from the usual structure of the order, are the most local, and are found either in the principal parallel, or in the highest latitude. The range of species in the whole of the order seems to be very limited ; and the few cases which may be con- sidered as exceptions to this, occur in the most ex- tensive genera, and in such of their species as are most strictly natives of the shores. Thus Banksia itiUgri folia, which grows more within the influence o^ "le sea than any plant of the order, is probably also the most widely ex- tended, at least in one direction, being found within the tropic, and in as high a latitude as 40°. It is remarkable, however, that with so considerable a range in latitude, its extension in longitude is comparatively small : and it is still more worthy of notice, that no species of this family has been found common to the eastern and vestern shores of New Holland. The celebrated traveller Humboldt is the first who has expressly pointed out a remarkable difference in the distri- bution of the species of plants. He observes that, while the greater number grow irre- gularly scattered and mixed with each other, there are some which form considerable masses, or even extensive tracts, to the nearly absolute exclusion of other species. Of plants growing thus in society, the greater number occur in the temperate zones ; and of these, the most decided instances will readily present themselves to every botanist. I venture to add, that such as exist within the tropic, are found, either at considerable heights or on the sea-shores. To this class very few of the Proteacese can be said to ' In the systematic part of the present Memoir, the Anstralian species of Embothrium are separated under the generic names of Kniffhtia, Lomatia, and K>k'uocarj)us. — Euir. I ON TlIK rilOTKACK.E OF JU8S1EU. 18 belong. Protea argentva of Linnccus is tho most striking example among the African species ; and my friend Mr. m Ferdinand Bauer has observed a similar tendency in Protca mellifera. Among the New Holland species, Bankda spcciosa is the sole instance, and even that only in certain circumstances, of this manner of growth. The favourite station of Proteacejr is in dry stony exposed places, especially near the shores, where they occur also, thougli more rarely, in loose sand. Scarcely any of them require shelter, and none a good soil. A few are found in wet bogs, or even m shallow pools of fresh water ; and one, the Embothrium ferruf/ineum of Cavanilles, grows, according to him, in salt marshes. Respecting the height to which plants of this order ascend, a few facts arc already known. The authors of the Flora Peruviana mention, in general terms, several species as being alpine ; and Humboldt, in his valuable Chart of Jilquinoctial Botany, has given the mean height of Em- bothrium eman/inatum about 9300 feet, assigning it a range of only 300 feet. On the summits of the mountains i'l Van Diemen's Island, in about 43° south latitude, at the comjjuted height of about 4000 feet, I have found species of Embothrium, as well as other genera hitherto observed in no other situation Embothrium, however, as it is the most southern genus of any extent, so it is also, as might have been presumed, the most alpine of the family. l\vo genera only of this order are foiuid in more than one continent : Rhopala, the most northern genus, which, though chiefly occurring in America, is to be met with also in Cochin-China and in the Malay Archipelago ; and Efn- bothrimUy the most southern genus of any extent, is common to New Holland and America. From this account of the geographical distribution of iro the Proteacese, I proceed to make some general remarks on the structure and modifications of their different parts. The order, which consists of shrubs of the most rigid nature, or of trees of moderate size, contains also one herbaceous plant, my Symphimwma pahnlosum, which, how- : I M 1 I i 1 i ON TIIK PROTEACEif: OF JU88IEU. ever, excej)t in this respect and in the union of the tops of its filaments, does not remarkably differ from the usual structure of the family. The ])ul)cscenee, which is very general in the order, con- sists either of n short and in many cases nearly impalpable tomentum, or of soft hairs which are either spreading, close pressed, or somewhat cri8j)ed, generally sim|)le, but in some genera fixed by the middle, and in a very few cases glandular. The existence or absence of pubescence in the adult leaves cannot always be depended upon in distinguishing species ; but the short tomentum, especially of their under surface, is of greater consequence than the spreading hairs. In the bractesB more reliance may be placed on it, and in the different parts of the flower I have never hesitated to employ it in my specific characters. In the calyx I have even derived the greatest advantage in some difficult genera, especially Serruria, from attending to its differences in direction. Mr. Salisbury has introduced the pubescence of fruit into several of his generic characters, and in some I think with evident advantage, but in such only as where from its abundance and length it performs a function of manifest importance in assisting dissemination : hence I conceive it may be safely admitted into the characters of Protea and Isopofjon ; but I can perceive no advantage whatever in employing it in those of Serruria and Spatalla. For this reason too it ought not to be used in the capsular or drupaceous genera, in which indeed experience prove., it to 261 be of no further moment than in distinguishing species. Dr. Smith has given it as his opinion, that from the dis- position of leaves in New Holland plants no conclusion can safely be drawn as to their genera. This remark how- ever appears to me only applicable to certain families, or rather genera ; for in many tribes the plants of that country are altogether as constant in their leaves as in any other part of the world. In proof of this, it may be sufficient to mention the order Rubiaceae ; and there are many others in which I find nothing at all remarkable in this respect. ¥t ON THE PROTKACK.l-; (U' JU88IKL, 15 As to Protcacctc, it must be acknowledged that in linnknia both vcrticilliitcd and scattered leaves occur; but the leaves constantly in threes in Lamhcrlht seems to nic a circuiu- stancc of even greater ini|)ortaiice than tlio number of flowers in the invoUicium ; and the opposite leaves of Xt/lomeluin distinguish it at onco both from Ithopala and Hakea. Although the form and divisions of leaves in the order arc variable in iio connnon degree, yet there are certain genera, both among those of Africa and New Holland, which the leaves even in these respects assist in indiciting. Thus, in that genus to which I have applied the name of Proten (the Erodendrum of Mr. Salisbury), and I believe also in my Leucadendroti, there is no instance of a divided or toothed leaf; thus also the leaves of Spntalla are fili- form andundividod,and those oiSerruria filiform and almost always pimiatitid. Their dichotomous divisions in Simsia and Franklandia are still more characteristic; and their division and remarkable reticulation readily distinguish Symiphea from Conospermum. The inflorescence in Proteaceae, whatever use botanists may think proi)er to make of it in their generic characters, is of undoubted importance in determining genera, and [27 even in the primary division of the order it appears to be of nearly equal consequence with the fruit itself; for, in dividing the order into two sections from the structure of the ovarium, it will be found that while all the single-seeded genera have each flower subtended by a proper bractea, or more rarely are without one, those with two or more seeds have, with very few exceptions, the flowers of their spikes or clusters disposed in pairs, each pair being furnished with only one bractea common to both flowers : it may also be observed that all the American and two thirds of the New Holland species have this mode of inflorescence, while only one instance of it occurs in Africa. The single envelope of the stamina and pistillum in Pro- teaceae I have, with Jussieu, denominated calyx, chiefly because the stamina, of equal number with its laciniee, are constantly opposite to them, and from the close analogy IG ON THE PROTRACE^ OV JU8SIEU. subsisting- between this family and that of Thymeleae, in which I believe the greater number of botanists will allow that this envelope is really colyx : and as this latter argument may be considered as the stronger, I shall endea- vour to establish the identity of this organ in these two families. In several of the Thymeleae, especially in Pimelea, the lower part of the tube of the calyx is, as it were, jointed with the upper ; after the falling off of which, it remains surrounding the fruit : this is also the case in several genera of Proteaceae, as in Adenanthoa of Labillar- diere, in Isopogon, in Grevillea Chrysodendron, and still more remarkably in FranUandia, in which the persistent tube becomes indurated and even nearly woody, a change surely not likely to take place in a genuine corolla. Bui though I have thus adoptied the language of Jussieu, I am decidedly of opinion that, in all families having a single 28] envelope, it will be still better to call it perianthium or perigonium, which latter term was proposed by Ehrhart, and is adopted by Decandolle. A circumstance meriting the attention of the theoretical botanist, respecting the calyx in this order, is its invariable division into four leaves or segments ; for the single excep- tion noted by Linnaeus in his description of the male flowers of Brahejum, he himself seems afterwards to have flistrusted, from the manner in which he has introduced it into the amended generic character given in the Mantissa; and I may add, that in nearly 400 species of the ordei-, which I have examined, I have not met with a single exception to this rule. With this uncommon constancy in point of immber, it is lemarkable that there is, in the whole order, a strong ten- dency to irregularity in form, the various kinds of which are of great importance in characterising genera. Before the expansion of the calyx the margins of its seg- ments are applied to each other; and from the unequal degrees of cohesion in many "ases subsisting among them after expansion, several kinds of irregularity arise. I am not sure that any term has been contrived for this manner of aestivation, exce[)t it be the astivafio valvata of Linnaeus ; i*«^. ON THE PROTEACE/E OF JUSSIEU. 17 I hut as he has not defined it, and as his commentator Rcuss has given the very different aestivation of grasses as an ex- ample, I have, in introducing this circumstance into the general description of the order, specified it at length. From the colour of the calyx, many genera of Proteaceae are indicated with tolerable certainty. Thus Sj/naj)hea is distinguished from Conospermum by its yellow flowers ; and no instance of yellow flowers has been met with in the numerous genera Serruria and SpatoUa, nor any of purple in Leucadendron. In some genera, however, as in Banlcsia^ [29 and Isopogon, it is evidently of very little importance. The fleshy or scale-like bodies, which surround the ovarium in the greater number of plants of this family, are in many cases so manifestly secreting organs, that it is surprising Mr. Salisbury should hesitate in considering them as nectaria, and denominate them colli ; a term which excludes the idea of secretion. But whatever their functions may be, great assistance may certainly be derived from their various modifications, in distinguishing genera. Their importance however in this respect, like that of all other parts, not only in this, but, as I apprehend, in every natural family, is very unequal, and in some cases seems to be entirely lost. Thus, in the genus Leucadendron as it is here constituted, they are wanting in several species, and in some I am inclined to think exist only in the males. In most of the regular-flowered genera they are four in number, and alternate with the leaves or lacinise of the calyx. In these genera they are also generally in the form of succulent scales, distinct, or more rarely cohering at their base, and in a very few instances adhering to the calyx ; but iii Persoonia they are nearly round and fleshy, and in Bellendena, Symphionema, Simsia, Agaatachya, Pe- trophila, and Isopogon, they are entirely wanting. In the irregular-flowered genera with two or many seeds their number is less than four, in most cases only one exists, in a few others three, and in some none. Varieties in the structure or apparent origin of the STAMINA, afford, as might be expected, important generic characters. Their usual insertion in the order is in the 8 1 ; 1 1 ■ I '■ i I ■ . M k|! 18 ON THE PROTKACEiE OF JUSSIEU. concave tops of the laciniae of the calyx ; all considerable deviations from which may safely be employed in charac- 30] terising genera. In this way B/wpah, Xylomelum, and Lambertia are readily distinguished from Embothrium, Grevilleay and Hakca ; and thus also Persoonia and Bra- hejmn remarkably differ from Guevina ; while Bellendena differs from all others in having its stamina distinct from the calyx, affording however an indication of the real origin of these organs in the whole family. The deviations from the usual structure of anthers in this order are not many ; but some of them are of so sin- gular a nature as to constitute the essential characters of the genera in which they take place. These genera arc Simsia^ Conospermum, and Synaphea, ail of which are most truly syngenesious ; for not only do their antherae firmly cohere together, but the corresponding lobes of these being, when considered separately, entirely open, are so applied to each other as to form but one cell, without a trace of any in- termediate membrane. In Simsia the four antherse are perfect, each consisting, as in the rest of the order, of two lobes, and therefore the whole before bursting constitute four cells. Whereas in Conosperwum and Synaphea one filament is entirely barren, the two lateral ones have each a single-lobed anthera, and the fourth alone is perfect : hence before bursting the whole form only two cells. This remarkable structure, which can only be ascer- tained before the opening of the calyx, necessarily escaped Dr. Smith in describing his Conospermum, for I conclude he had only the expanded flower before him, and the appearance of the antherse in this state after their separa- tion justifies him in referring the genus to Tetrandria : but according to the view now given of its structure, it can have no other pretension to a place in this class than its belonging to Proteacese ; and the order Syngenesia Mono- gamia being abolished, it must be referred to Triandria. The only remaining anomaly in these parts occurs in 81] Franklandia, and consists in the anthera, or rather that portion of the filament on which it is fixed, adhering to the calyx through its whole length. ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. 19 lNther^e in 3 of so sin- Lcters of the are Sivisia, most truly 'iKily cohere »eing, when lied to each ! of any in- ntherse are •der, of two ; constitute naphea one have each a ect: hence be ascer- ly escaped '. conclude and the leir separa- ndria: but ure, it can iss than its esia Mono- iandria. occurs in rather that idhering to The figure of the pollei'I has been attended to by a few theoretical, but by hardly any practical botanists ; yet I am inclined to think, not only from its consideration in this family, but in many others, that it may be consulted with advantage in fixing our notions of the limits of genera : and though its minuteness may perhaps always exclude it from a place in generic characters, yet it well deserves, to use the words of Linnaeus when speaking of habit, to be "occulte consulendus." Its usual figure in the order is triangular with secreting angles, a beautiful contrivance for insuring impregnation in a tribe, in which, from the very scanty, or in many cases apparent want of secretion by the stigma, it must other- wise have been very uncertain ; for by this form and secre- tion, as well as by the singular oeconomy of the calyx, it remains so long in contact with the stigma, as probably to compensate for the somewhat defective structure of that organ. From this figure the principal deviation is in the exten- sive genera Banksia and Josephia, in all of which it is elliptical or oblong, and either straight or bent into a semi- lunar form ; and in Franklandia and Aulax, where it is spherical. The only remaining exception with which I am acquainted is the original Emhothrium of Forster, his E. coccineum, in which, as in Banksia, it is oblong ; a circum- stance that, together with the more important character of a regular club-shaped stigma, and some other differences, has determined me to separate it from all the other species of Embothrium, except E, lanceolatum of Flora Peruviana, whose pollen however remains to be examined. The external modifications of the ovarium must be very cautiously used in the generic characters of this family ; pz even its being sessile or pedicellated is not always of suffi- cient importance, though I think Mr. Salisbury has done well in introducing it into his characters of Serruria and Spatalla, in both which genera I had overlooked it before the publication of his Essay. Its internal structure, which ought always to be ascer- tained, will be found of the greatest importance in most ( { ( lil; 20 ON THK I'KOTEACEiK OF JUSSIEU. cases, but fails in Pcrsoonia, the species of which differ in having one or two seeds : it would seem however, in this case, that an irregularity in a point of such importance could not take place unaccompanied with other anomalies in the same organ, and accordingly such are found to exist in this genus, and will be mentioned when treating of the fruit. Besides number, the insertion of the ovula is also to be attended to; for though this may generally be presumed from the situation of the radicula in the ripe seed, yet to this criterion there are several exceptions, even in the present order : thus, while the radicula constantly points downward in the whole of the order, the insertion of the ovulum is in many cases at the top or side of the cell of the ovarium. My observations on this subject are as yet incomplete ; but, from those that I have made, I am in- clined to think such differences will be connected with genera, or rather perhaps with par^^icular kinds of fruit. Thus I conjecture, in Leucospermiim, Mimetes, Nivenia, and Spatalla, the insertion to be uniformly lateral. The STYLE, though not subject to much variety in this family, will be found in a few cases to furnish generic cha- racters. Thus in Protea, strictly so called, the persistent subulate style forms an important part of its character: and the persistency of the whole of the style in the greater number of species of Grevillea will probably be used by 83] future botanists in distinguishing them from that re- markable section of the genus, which I have at present united with them and called Cydopterce. Its length also, when compared with that of the calyx, seems in some cases to be of importance, as in distinguishing Adenanthos from Spatalla ; but in general this circumstance can hardly be had recourse to except in specific characters. The form of the stigma is in many cases of considerable importance in characterising genera, a fact which could not escape the penetration of Dr. Smith when estabhshing his new genera of this order : thus its conical papilla in his Concilium (the Hakea of Schrader) will in many, though certainly not in all cases,,distinguishitfrom Grevillea: but iiii. ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JUSSIKU. 21 h differ in er, in this mportance anomalies id to exist ting of the also to be presumed eed, yet to en in the ntl}'^ points ion of the the cell of are as yet 3, I am in- ected with s of fruit. Hvenia, and iety in this eneric cha- persistent character : the greater le used by n that re- at present ength also, some cases inthos from hardly be 15« its form in both these genera will readily serve to separate them from Xyhmdum and Bh(ypala ; and thus also Spalalla remarkably differs from Adcnanthos. Upon the whole, however, it seems that its obliquity is of greater import- ance than its form ; for this, when existing in any great degree, is generally accompanied with a corresponding irre- gularity in the calyx : but as this irregularity is produced for the purpose of bringing all the antherse into contact with the stigma, so its obliquity in the dioiceous genera Leucadcndron aud AuIclv is not attended with so great a degree of irregularity, which would here serve no end, im- pregnation depending on the pollen of different individuals, to insure which the surface of the stigma in these genera is rough wit]\ papula? ; a circumstance that, together with its form, readily distinguishes them from all others of the order. In Sj/naphca, the stigma or summit of the style inoscu- lates with the divisions of the barren filament, which in some species appear beyond it in horn-like processes, but in others are entirely lost in its substance. I am accpiainted with nothing like this in the whole vegetable kingdom ; and such a sitigularity alone, when occurring in several P4 species, would have determined me to separate these plants from Conospcrmum : but being also accompanied by other remarkable differences, both of structure and appearance, no genus, I apprehend, can be better founded than this. That the opinion of Christian Knaut and Vaillant re- specting the non-existence of naked seeds is correct when anatomically considered, there can be no doubt ; but the practical utility of deviating in this subject from the common language of botanists may still be questioned : and accord- ingly Gaertner, who was fully aware of the truth of their position, has nevertheless continued to describe the seeds of many plants as naked. I confess however I am inclined to adopt the opposite decision of the French botanists, at the head of whom is Richard, who has also proposed terms for distinguishing the various species hitherto confounded under the name of naked seeds. The fruit of the mono- spermous genera of Proteacese might probably be with i :i 'I r 22 ON THE PROTEACEiE 01' JUSSIEU. advantage referred to that which he has termed Akenium ; but as 1 am unwilling in the present paper to adopt any term not more generally sanctioned and understood than this, I shall content myself with calHng those nuces, which are either not at all or but slightly compressed and not bor- dered ; and apply the term samara to such as are either very much compressed, or with a less remarkable com- pression are surrounded or terminated by a membranaceous border: that I regard these distinctions however as in some cases of very little importance, may be inferred from this, that my genus Leucadendron includes both these kinds of fruit. The first observation I have to offer on the fruits of Proteace£E is, that there is no really bivalvular capsule in the order ; a truth which was not perceived by Ga3rtner in 35] describing his Bajiksia dacfi/loides (the Concilium dac- tyloides of Dr. Smith), and which has equally escaped Cavanilles and Labillardiere in their characters of Hakea. Dr. Smith has more cautiously omitted this consideration in his character of that genus, and Professor Schrader has accurately described the suture as only existing on one side : such fruits then are as truly folliculi as those of Grevillea, Bhopala, or Emhothrium ; and that the existence of a distinct placenta is by no means necessary to con- stitute this kind of fruit, is proved even by some genera of Apocineae, to which family this term was first applied. A circumstance occurs in some species of Fersoonia to which I have met with nothing similar in any other plant : the ovarium in this genus, whether it contain one or two ovula, has never more than one cell ; but in several of the two-seeded species a cellular substance is after foecundation interposed between the ovula ; and this gradually indurat- ing acquires in the ripe fruit the same consistence as the putamen itself, from whose substance it cannot be^distin- guished ; and thus a fruit originally of one cell becomes bilocular : the cells however are not parallel, as in all those cases where they exist in the unimpregnated ovarium, but diverge more or less upwards. In all the seeds of this order there is a very manifest ON THE PROTEACEyB OF JUSSIEU. 23 Akenium ; t any term tian this, I which are d not bor- are either :able com- jranaceous jver as in jrred from ;hese kinds e fruits of capsule in jrasrtner in hiura dac- ly escaped of llakea. nsideration hrader has iig on one 3 those of e existence ry to con- 3 genera of plied. ersoonia to her plant : )ne or two eral of the ecundation y indurat- nce as the be^-distin- 1 becomes n all those arium, but ^ manifest I i A t'HALAZA, which, whatever may be the point of insertion of the seed, is always situated at its upper extremity ; and I have not been able to observe any fasciculus of vessels connecting it with the umbilicus in cases where this latter is placed in a different i)art of the seed. I am not aware of any function being ascribed to the CHALAZA of seeds, except the nutrition of their proper membrane : but it appears to me too remarkable a part to be destined for this purpose only ; and some observations I have made induce me to suppose that it is the organ p« secreting the liquor amnios, 'I'his opinion I was first led to form by observing in some species of Persoonia, in which the inspissated remains of this fluid are visible in the ripe fruit, that it evidently originated in the chalaza and con- tinued to adhere to it : nothing has hitherto occurred to invalidate this opinion, which is here however hazarded merely as a conjecture, requiring for its confirmation more numerous and decisive facts than I can at present adduce. That the albumen of seeds is merely that condensed portion of the liquor amnios which remains unabsorbed by the embryo, seems to me very satisfactorily established ; and as this fluid is in the early stage never wanting, all seeds may in one sense be said to have albumen : but while in some tribes this unabsorbed part in the ripe seed many times exceeds the size of the embryo, so there are others in which not a vestige of it remains ; and such has hitherto been supposed to be the case with Proteaceae : nor are the few exceptions with which I am at present acquainted of so decisive a nature as to invalidate this cha- racter of the order ; for they occur only in some species of Persoonia, where the semi-fluid remains of this substance are observable between the cotyledons ; and in Bellendena, in which it continues to form a thin fleshy coat on the inner surface of the proper membrane of the seed. From such instances, however, we may expect to find plants with a more copious albumen, which nevertheless it may be necessary from the whole of their organisation to refer to this family. The RADicuLA pointing towards the base of the fruit in 94 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JU8SIEU. jt all Proteacese is a circumstance of the greatest importance in distinguishing the order from the most nearly related tribes ; and its constancy is more remarkable, as it is not accompanied by the usual position or even uniformity in the situation of the external umbilicus. 87] If Gaertner had not described the plumula of Protea argentca, I should not have hesitated to assert that it was inconspicuous in the whole order. The number of cotyledons when more than two is a circumstance of little importance. In Fersoonia, the only genus of the order in which a plurality of cotyledons has been observed, I am not even certain that their number is constant in those species in which this anomaly occurs. In the following part of this essay it may be observed, that the genera into which 1 have subdivided the great African family Protea, are in most cases similar to those already proposed by Mr. Salisbury in the Paradisus Lon- dinensis : from that essay however they are certainly not derived, but before its publication were formed and sub- mitted to the judgment of Mr. Dryander, at whose sugges- tion they are now offered to the Society. That the results of an examination conducted by two observers wholly inde- pendent of each other, are so similar, will probably be con- sidered as some proof of their correctness. As Mr. Salisbury's generic names have the unquestion- able right of priority of publication, I have in most cases adopted them, though I wish some of them had been ditferently constructed. But as I cannot accede to his application of the Linnean names Protea waC Leucaden- dron, I shall here, that I may not disturb the following arrangement, assign my reasons for differing from him in this respect ; and as in so doing I am obhged to trace the progress of Linnseus's knowledge of the family, I persuade myself that this will in some degree compensate for the otherwise unwarrantable length of the discussion. The name Protea, which originated with Linmeus, first occurs in the folio edition of his Systema Naturae pub- 38] lished in 1735 ; no generic characters are there given. ON THE PllOTEACEiE OF JUS8IEU. 25 but from the references to Boerhaave's figures it is evident that the genus is to be understood in the same extensive sense which he at length gave it in tlie second Mantissa. Jn 1737 appeared the Genera Plantaruni, and in it for the tirst time the natural generic character of Protea : as in this work he only cites Lepidocarjjodendron and Hypophyl- locarjjodendron of Boerhaave, it follows that here the genus is more limited, though its character is not peculiarly ap- plicable to either of Boerhaave's genera referred to ; and the description of antherae and gernien is not reconcilable to any plant whatever of the family. In the same year Hortus Cliffortianus was published, in which he resumes his first opinion of Protea, reducing to it all Boerhaave's genera, but referring to the character given in his own Genera Plantarum. It does not appear on what ground this change of opinion was formed ; for in Chfford's gardeil, according to Viridarium Cliflortianum, there had only been two species, Protea argentea and saligna^ neither of which had fiowered, and the former was already lost ; while in his Herbarium, now in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks, the specimens of all the three species given in the body of the work are without fructification, and of Protea racemosa added in the appendix there is no specimen what- ever. If Linnaeus is to be considered in a great degree the author of the Prodromus Florae Leydensis, pubhshed by A. Van Royen in 1740, as has been asserted by some of his pupils, and may be inferred from a passage in his Diary published by Dr. Maton, it must be noticed as his next work in the order of time ; lor from the same Diary it appears that he could only have been employed in its composition in 1738. In this work the genus Protea is given in the same extensive sense as in Hortus Cliffor- tianus, and no fewer than twenty-one species are charac- terised, of which however only two were in the Leyden [sa garden, the rest being described from specimens in Van Koyen's Herbarium. In 1738 he also published his Classes Plantarum, in which, notwithstanding he appears to have composed it 86 OW THE FilOTEACJiiE OF JUSSIEL ! I [( * II .fi. il while engaged in the arrangement of Van Royen's collec- tion, another fluctuation of opinion occurs, Proka being limited aa in the first edition of the Genera Plantarum, and to Leucadendros, which here for the first time occurs, he refers the Conocarpodendron of Boerhaave. In 1740 he published the second edition of Systema Natura?, where the names Protea and Lcucadendron are both given ; but the references to Boerhaave are reversed, Protea being confined to his Conocarpodendron, and Lcu- cadendron comprehending his other two genera. In this sense they also appear in the second edition of the Genera Plantarum published in 1742, in which the character of Lcucadendron is first given, some of whose species he nmst, from the annexed asterisk, have seen recent : his description of corolla and pistillnm is only applicable to Lepidocarpodendron. In 1745 Linnaeus received the Herbarium of Hermann, from which he composed his 1^'lora Zeylanica : the fourth volume of this collection containing a mixture of Ceylon and African plants, the latter are not noticed in this work ; but from an inspection of the Herbarium itself, now in the Banksian collection, it appears that he had added generic names to most of them : of Proteaj only three species exist in the volume, of which Protea conocarpa is one : of this there are on the same page two specimens, whose heads of flowers are separately pasted ; under one of these specimens he has written Lcucadendron, and under the second Pro- tea; to a specimen of Protea Serraria on a difierent 40] page he has given the name of Santolina. These facts are mentioned to prove, that at this period his knowledge of the family must have been chiefly derived from Boerhaave's figures, and perhaps from specimens which he had casually seen. In 1748 the sixth edition of Systema Naturae appeared, where the essential characters of Protea and Lcucadendron first occur, both of them evidently derived from the natural characters previously given. In 1753 the Species Plantarum, the most accurate of all his works, was given to the world j both genera are found i*iriiiiiiiiOii ON THE PKUTEACEiE OF JU88IEU. 27 ill it, their species characterised, and trivial names for the first time applied to them-, c," Protca there are only two species, P. argcntea and fmc' mmmm^ 32 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. obligingly permitted me to examine these, and even to dissect such as were new. For the like privilege I am indebted to the friendship of Mr. Aiton of Kew, who £,.nt me his whole collection, peculiarly vahiable as containing many of the original specimens of Mr. Masson : and lastly, I have to acknowledge the great assistance I have derived from the extensive collection presented to this Society by my friend Dr. Roxburgh, who during his short residence at the Cape appears to have paid particular attention to this tribe of plants, and who, besides the many new species discovered by him, has given a greater value to his Her- barium by numerous observations on the sexes, the size, and places of growth, which I have everywhere inserted on his authority. PROTEACEiE. DIAGNOSIS. Cal^a? tetraphyllus v. quadrifidus, sestivatione valvata. Corolla nulla. Stamina quatuor, (altero nunc sterili,) laciniis calycis opposita. Ovarium unicum, liberum. Stylus simplex. Stigma subindivisum. Semen (pericarpii varii) exalburainosum. Embryo dicotyledoneus, raro polycotylcdoneus,) rectus. Eadicula infera. 47] DESCRIFTIO. Frutices v. Arbores vix excelsae ; rarissime Herbse. Rami in plerisque annotino-umbellati. Folia sparsa, nunc verticillata v. opposita, persistentia, exstipulata, indivisa v. varie dentata, seu incisa profunditisve laciniata, rarissime vere composita. Inflorescentia subspicata, modo laxius, in racemum v. corymbum fioribus saepe geminatis, nunc densius congesta ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JU8SIEU. 33 in capitulinn, vel aggregata supra receptaculum planius- culum, involucTO persistenti, saepiiis imbricato, subtensum : in quibusdam quasi abortione, uniflorum, indicante invo- lucro calyculiai tunc aeraulante, Bractea dum Acres geminati singulis paribus communes ; in capitatis persis- tentes, saepiusque auctae et induratae, raro connatae ; in aggregatis nanae, plerumque deciduae, qnandoque nuUae. Flores in plerisque hermaphroditi perfecti, nunc organo- rum vitio diclines. Cali/x tetraphyllus, foliolis distinctis v. saepius pliis minus arct6 coha?rentibus tubulosus ; limbo quadrifido, aequali, laciniis subspathulatis ; nunc irregulari sive ex earum cohaesione rariusve inaequalitate : coloratus, sub- coriaceus, avenius, extus saepe pubescens, intiis glaber raridsve barba utplurimiira partiali instructus, valvatim aperiens, ante expansionem marginibus subtruncatis mutuo cohaerentibus : deciduus v. marcescens, dum tubulosus saepitis a basi tandem quadrifida abscedens, quandoque basi integra diutius persistente. Corolla nulla. Stamina quatuor, (altero nunc sterili,) foliolis calycis opposita, iisdemque saepissime inserta, in plerisque juxta apicem, quandoque prope medium v. basin ; raro hypogyna ; calycem nunquara superantia. Filamenta brevissima v. mediocria, rarissirae partira [« cohaerentia. Anthera adnatae, biloculares, lineares, loculis per axin longitudinaliter dehiscentibus ; raro bipartitae lobis re- spondentibus vicinarum connatis loculumque unicuni tandem bivalvem efforraantibus, altero lobo in quibusdam deficiente. Pollen triangulare, angulis subsecernentibus, quandoque ellipticum v. lunatum, rarb sphaericum. Squamula Glandulave hypogynce v. quatuor foliolis caly- cis alternantes, distinctae seu connatae ; v. pauciores et intiis secundae, interdum nullae, rarissime staminuliformes. Ovarium unicum, liberum, saepe pedicellatum, pedicello rarissime articulate, raono-di-poly-spermum quandoque bilocularj : ovulis ppice, basi v. latere ovarii affixis. 34 ON THE PROTEACEJ: OF JUSSIEU. Stylus simplex, terminalis. Stigma in plerisque in di visum, modo emarginatum rariilsve bifidum ; saepe obliquum, figura varium, plerumque glabrum, quandoque papulosum, hispidulum v. tomen> tosum. Pericardium, Nux, Samara v. Drupa monosperma raro disperma, vel Folliculua coriaceus seu ligneus, di-poly- spermus basi, marginibusve suturae seminifer ; raro bilocu- laris, dissepimento libero parallelo bipartibili ! Semen sessile, ventricosum, v. saepiils compressum, in foUi- culatis saepe alatum ; exalbuminosum, apice ChalazavQUo^k insignitura, Bhaphi nulla. Embryo dicotyledoneus, raro polycotyledoneus, rectus, alb us. Radicula infera, hrevis. Plmmda vix conspicua. ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JUSSIEU. 35 9 'S ^ SPi ■* 1(5 H O CO o o 6o O) O rt CO ^ i q o -<) O ►J 0 S s « •— ~ O |i « «" -S I- .5 Jl 'S, o «o o H fi4 00 o 2 o ■* t^ o PM ►^ P4 CO O ^1 B o o a a "s a u a .S " ^ **- a 5 S .-SS * g e. o ■-" •S> g is .2 S '-3 .« I ^- I (U ■ • ^l^ S -o a b •- i: Cm 2 6C « g >^ Si CO CO U S M S »i .2 »<; 2 § It CO X 0^ > i JO i 1 s o s ^ s 5 •3 ^ o es Hi) a >■ 3 .5 > .2 J s "3 -I a .2 a _3 to o s i 05 .a -a a v a .?■ -3 a a cs" CO O "^ rS "0 §:§ s CO to 3 J3 U '2 S "■ M o s ■Q S j-gj:s . rS "SP a s as c « « § If^ =3 is S ^ c. "2 * CO -a -a -S s 2" i.^ 2 a . "" cr ^ 'j^ ^ I" i; 8q eo rt g '"^ a '5 •^»; 'J^'*' TS J« ^ S 3 _•> ■ "^ js -^ s -= " •5 c 3 iS -« " a «s 60 ** a s 2 a -3 OS 11^ a o« LIBRARY CF CANADA 36 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. 1,1 ; ! 8 I H CO 8 00 eo > a E 3 O .1 5S o CO o a 's at a o 3^ S3 e o CO I w an u O ea S c .1 i I- C C o u a g, « il. ■Kg §•- ^ U CO a o Is o » .5 u m .s o. E S g in >^ o I I. 4^ oa. ON THE PROTKACEiE OF JUSSIEU. 37 in oo 00 t^ to t^ M » a 2 -2 8 Ph u ■< H o o oQ pq c4 C ^ § S o g § ^ fco « ^ -I S3 fa a e S) "o o. d as s S -> in >» I a 9 u .a o 1 u S a. 9 09 .a I ^■4 • Cq E o « ■» I S « -SO E 9 s ta 0) « o ca o S s a C v • ■a 9 9 •T3 2 3=^ OJ „ a a n 9 u 9 I g .a cO >> .a •^J **■* T* » * 9 2 o n Q. a o go a. hi v -a a u O 1. AULAX. CM a a .2 o .s S 3 i" 11 j« a ;, a 5 M S *> fcr o s O en S •^5 8 *-* S Is > Ber^. Cap. 33. /Slr?/?*i. P«ma articttlalum, arliculo inferiore ani/ulalo, f/luliro, nuperiore tomentono, "^MX lenliculuri-conipreum, iittiiH marginihuaque comona, YoWa JUif'rmia iiiiiiviKa. *l. P. tcn'fi/olia, foliis terctibus exsulcis, squamis strobili enervibus,stigmatis articnio snperiore stnposo triple lonpjiore. fioj Had. In Nova) Holiandai ortl australi, Lewin's Land, (ubi V. V.) *2 V . Jill folia, foliis tcretibus exsulcis, squamis strobili nervosis orbicnilatis, stigmatis articulo snperiore barbato vix duplo longiore. IIab. In Novaj Ilollandiic oru australi, Lewin's Land ; in coUibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *3. P. acicularis, foliis filiformibus supra obsolete sul- catis, squamis strobili nervosis ovatis. Hab. In Novae llollandiau oru australi, Lewin's Land ; in canipis collibusque sterilibus. (ubi v. v.) ft stigma inarticitlutuni, hispidiiiKCitlum. >iux ieH/iculari-comprensa, in tun mar- (/inibunque comomi. iiiroh\h\s ■'<(/i/ami3 (fixliiicli>i. FoViSk fili/ormia bipin- natifida. *4. P. rigida, foliis triternatis : laciniis divaricatis, caly- cibus barbatis : laminarum apiculis glabris. Hab. In Novae Ilollandiae ora australi, Lewin's Land ; in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) 5. P. pulchella, foliis trifido-bipinnatis : laciniis erectis, calycibus sericeis : laminarum apicibus tomentosis. Protea pulchella. Schrad. Sert. Hanov. li.p. 15.* t. 7. Wilkl. Sp. PL \,p. 507. Cavan. Anal. 1, p. 237.* Ic. 6, p. 33, t. 550. Sims, Bot. May. 790. Protea fucifolia. Salisb. Prod. 48. ON THK PROTEACEifi OF JU88IEL'. 57 I'rotca (lichotonm. Cavan. Anal. 1, p. 239.* Ic. 0, /;. 34,* /. 551. Hah. In Novoo Ilollnndim era orientali, prope Port Juckson ; in arcnoais inter saxa. (ubi. v. v.) *0. P./r/«//y2V//'rt, foliiatrifido-bipinnatis: laciniis erectis [7o fastigiatis teretiusculis nmticis, calycibus glabris, strobilis terniinnlibua sessilibus : squamis lanatis. IIab. In Nova; HoUandiae ora anstrali, Lewin's Land ; in ericctis aridis elcvatioribus. (ubi. v. v.) *7. P. pednncu/ata, foliis tripinnatifidis : laciniis canali- culatis divaricato-patuiis, calycibus glabriusculis, strobilis I)cdunculatis : squamis glabris. Hab. In Novaj HoUandiae ora orientali, prope Port Jackson ; in niontibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) •ftt Strobilus squamU connatii. SAmnrsi ^oliacea, dilatata. Stigma inarti- culatum, hiKpidiuHCulum, Toha plana, bipiiinalifida. *8. ^. divenifolia, foliis bi-tripinnatifidis planis: laciniis mucrouatis, calycibus barbatis, strobilis axillaribus pedun- culntis : squauiis lanatis coba^rentibus. Had. In Novae HoUandiae ora australi, Lewin's Land ; in collibus saxiosis. (ubi v. v.) •j-f-ff StrohWus s(jita)iii.s dinlinciii. fi&m&Ta pluHitmcula. Foli& plana, lernatim divisa. *9. P. squamata, foliis trifidis : lobis lineari-lanceolatis ; lateralibus saepiiis bi-trifidis, strobilis axillaribus sessilibus: squamis apice scariosis glabris. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora australi, Lewin's Land ; in ericetis collibusque aridis. (ubi v. v.) *10. P. trifida, foliis trifidis : lobis spathulato-lanceolatis saepissime indivisis, strobilis axUlaribus sessilibus : squamis apice sericeis. Hab. In Nova) HoUandiae ora australi, Lewin's Land ; m in collibus apricis sterilibus. (ubi v. v.) M ON THE PROTEACEiK OF JUbSlEU. 4. ISOPOGON. Atyli species. SalisL. Par ad. Gen Char. Cah/.v quadrifidus, tubo gracili, diutius per- sistente. Sfi/lus totus dociduus. Stiyma fusifornie, v. cylindraceum. Squama nullge hypogynae. Nux sessilis, ventricosa, undiqiu; comosa. Habitus. Friitices rigidi. YoXm glabra, plana v. Jili- formia, divisa v. mtegerrima . Capitula terminalia, raro axillaria. Floribus modb densissme imbricatia strobilo globoso ; modo fastigintis reccptaculo communi planiusculo subinvolucrato, paleis deciduis congestis. Genus distinctuni, praecedeuti proxiinuin, postliac forsan in duo dividendura, ratione inflorescentijc secundum (junm species infra dis- tributae sunt, in tiuas phalanges habitu paruni diversas. Etym. laoq et troyov, ob nuces undiquc a^ciualiter bar- batas ; qua nota a Petrophild facile distinguendus. t ^ixohWws glohosus ; nquamis detumsime iiniricads, tafdiiis deciduis. *1. I. terefifolius, foliis bi- v. triternatis filiforniibus cxsulcis, ramulis tomeiitosis, calycis tubo sericeo : laminis longltudiiialiter barbatis. Hab. In Novae liollandise ora australi, Lewin's Land ; in ericetis collibusque saxosis. (ubi v. v.) 2. I. anethifoliua, foliis pinnatifidis bipinnatifidisque fili- forinibus supra sulcatis : laciniis erectiusculis, rarais glabris, calycis tubo pubescente : laminis infra glabris apicc barbato. 72] Protea anetbifolia. Salisb. Prod. 48. Protea acufera. Cavan. Anal. I, p. 2'6Q.* Ic. Q,p. 33, t. 549. Hab. In Nova) HoUandiae ora orientali, prope Port Jackson; in ericetis. (ubi v. v.) *3. I. formosus, foliis bipinnatitidis suotritcrnatis fili- '■■T^^ltK'^'^ ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. 59 formibus supra canaliculatis : laciniis divaricatis, ramulis tonientosis, calycibus glabris : laminis apice pilosiusculis. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora australi, Lewin's Land ; in collibus saxiosis. (ubi v. v.) 4. I. a7iemonifoliu8, foliis trifido-pinnatifidis bipinnatifi- disve : laciniis linearibus planis patenti-erectis subtus lijcvi- bus, strobili squamis stuposis. Protea anemonifolia. Salisb. Prod. 48. Sivis, Bot. Mag. 697. And. Repos. 332. Protea tridactylites. Cavan. Anal. 1, p. 235.* Ic. 6, p. 33,* L 548. Hab. In Nova? HoUandiae ora oriontali, prope Port Jackson ; in ericetis saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *5. I. ceratophyllus, foliis trifido-bipinnatifidis : laciniis linearibus planis divaricato-patulis utrinque striatis mucro- natis ; floralibus basi dilatatis, strobili squamis glabratis. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae orCi australi, prope Port Phillip; in campis et collibus. (ubi v. v.) *6. I. trilohm, foliis cuneatis planis trilobis: basiattenu- atis petiolatis ; lobis integerrirais, ramulis tomentosis. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ortl australi, Lewin's Land; l73 in ericetis siccis. (ubi v. v.) *7. I. lonyifolius, foliis lineari-lingulatis : supcrioribus integerrimis ; inferioribus passim trifidis, calycibus sericeis, stigmate glabro. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora australi, Lewin's Land ; in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) ff Receptucitlum commune planum v. convexiusculum, paleis deciduis, *8. I. cuncatus, foliis oblongo-cuneatis obtusissimis, in- volwri bracteis tomentosis, calycibus glabris, stigmate fusiforrai. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora australi, Lewin's Land. D A. Menzies. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) «■■ Hi 00 ON THE PROTEACEj; OF JUSSIET7. *9. 1. attcnuatw^, foliis elongato-oblongis mucronulatis basi attenuatis, ranis bracteisque involucrantibus glabris, capitulis solitariis, calycis laiiiinis apice barbatis, stigiuate cylindraceo. Hab. In Nova) Jlollandise ora australi, Lewin's Land ; in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *10. I. polycephalm, foliis lineari-oblongis mucronulatis, ramulis tonientosis, capitulis subaggregatis : bracteis omni- bus lanatis, stigmate cylindraceo. Hab. In Novae Hollandisc ora australi, Lewin's Land ; in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *11. I. buxif alius, foliis ovatis sessilibus acutis: apicibus 7« recurvis, caulibus proliferis, capitulis solitariis foliis ob- vallatis ; bracteis subulatis, stigmate fusiformi. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora australi, Lewin's Land; in ericetis elevatioribus subhumidis. (ubi v. v.) *12. I. axillaris, foliis cuneato-lingulatis nmcronulatis, capitul's axillaribus paiicifoliis ; bracteis involucrantibus ovatis imbricatis, calycis laminis longitudinaliter barbatis, stigmate fusiformi. Hab. In Novae Hollandiac ora australi, Lewin's Land ; in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) 5. PROTEA. Linn. Gen. PL ed. i. Class. Plant. Leucadendron. Linn. Gen. PI. ed. ii, v, et vi. Protea* sp. Linn. St/st. Veg. xiii. Thanb. Diss. Jms. Gen. Erodendrum. Salisb. Parad. Grn. Char. Calyx bipartibilis, inaequalis, labii latioris laminis starainiferis coliaerentibus. Styliis subulatus. Stigma angustius, cylindraceum. Ntiw undique barbata, stylo per- sistenti caudata. Receptaculum commune, paleis abbrevia- tis persistentibus. Involucrum irabricatura, persistens. Habitus. Frutices modo proceriorcs et qaandJbque arho- ON THE PROTEACE.E OF JUSSIEU. 61 rescentes, modo subacaides. Folia integerrima. Capitnla terminalia, rariusve later alia : Receptaciilo planiusculo, nunc convexo, sapissime glabra, palcis quandoque comiateis alveolato : Involucro magno, colorato, turhinato v. hcmi- spharico : Calycis labio latiore sape 2 — S-arLslalo. f Capiiula terminalia. [75 1. P. Cgnaroides, foliis subrotundis petiolatis, invoiucris sericeis ; bracteis interioribus acutis imberbibus, stylo infra medium pubescenti. Scolymocephalos Africana lato rotundo glabro folio, cono maximo sericeo candido. Herm. Cat. Mt. Baj. Hist. 3, Dcndr. p. 9. Cinaroides frutex folio subrotundo rigido e Monte Tabulari. Petiv. Mns. 374. Lepidocarpodendron ; folio subrotundo, rigido, in pedun- culo longo, crasso ; flore maximo, purpureo. Boerh. Lugd, Bat. 2, JO. 184,* c. tab. bona. Scolymocephalos africamis folio lato rotundo. Weinm. Phyt. 4, JO. 287, /. 892. Leucadendron foliis subrotundis patentissimis petiolatis, foliolis calycinis carinatis. Wachen. Ultraj. 204. Leucadendron cinaroides a. Linn. Sp. PL ed. i, p. 92, ed. \\,p. 135, Berg. Act. Stockh. 17G6, p. 319. Protea cynaroides. Linn. Mant.p. 190.* Sgst. Veg. xiii, p. 118. Thunb. Diss.n. 59.* (exclus. syn. Lepidocarpoden- dron, &c. Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 199, c. tab.) Thunb. Prod. 28. Lam. Illusl. Gen. 1, jo. 234, n. 1209. Willd.Sp. PL 1, p. 534. And. Bepos. 288. bona. Poiret, Encuc. Botan. b,p. 639. Sims, Bot. Mag. 770. Hab, In Africa Australi, ad latera raontium prope Pro- mont. B. Spei. (v. v. in Hort. var.) *2. P. latifolia^ foliis late-ovatis semicordatis sessilibus, iavoluoosericeo-tomentoso; bracteis interioribus angustatis ipice dilatato barbato, calyce tomentoso : aristis liirsutis longitudine laminarura, stylo pubescenti. Hab. In Africa Australi. Gid. Boxbitrgh M. D. in r76 62 ON THE PROTEACEyE OF JU8SIEU. arenosis Zwartberg. D. Mven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert. et Lambert.) Desc. Frutex 6 — 8 pedes altus. Rami tenuissime toraentosi. Folia obtusissima, callo nullo prominulo, mar- ginata, venosa, 3 — 4 uncias loiiga, 2 — 3 uncias lata, adulta glabra marginibus quandoque lanatis. Involucrum folia superiora superaiis, turbinatum, piigno majus : Bradeis obtusis, ciliatis ; exterioribus late ovatis j mediis oblongis ; intimis elongatis, ungue lineari, lamina oblonga. Calyx fere triuncialis, sericeo-tomentosus, labio latiore triaristato, aristis hirsutis, villis patulis, terminalibus praesertim pur- pureis. Stylus angulato-compressus, pube brevi adpressa subsericeus, apice glabro, curvato. Stigma subulatum, apice obtusiusculo. *3. P. covipacta, foliis oblongo- ovatis cordatis marginatis: callo apicis prominulo, involucro sericeo-tomentoso ciliato imberbi, calycis aristis longitudine laminarum, stylo glabro apice curvato, stigmatis apice conico-incrassato. Hab. In Africa) Australis montosis, Hout Hoek. D. Maason. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) 4. P. longijlora^ foliis ovato-oblongis sessilibus basi sub- cordatis simplicibusve, ramis tomentosis, involucro sericeo ; bracteis intimis elongatis sericeo-ciliatis, calycis aristis brevissimis, stylo glabro involucro longiore. Conocarpodendron j folio subrotiiiido, crasso, rigido, valde nervosoj cono longo, variegato, ex rubro et flavo; flore aiireo. Bocrh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 199, c. tab. bona respectu capituli, foliis vix convenientibus et potiiis ad P. compactam V. latifoliam pertinentibus : strobilo nucibus et flosculo ad calcem tabulae jamjam ad Leucadendron rettisum relatis. 771 Scolymocephalus foliis subrotundis glabris. Weinvt. Phyt. 4, p. 294, tab. 902, b. a Boerh. icone mutuata omisso tamen strobilo. Leucadendron, foliis subsessilibua cofdato-ovatis imbri- catis glabris. Wachcnd. Ultraj. 204. charactere ab icone Boerh. desumpto. -y^ ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JU88IEU. 63 Protea longiflora. Lam. Illust. Gen. \,p. 234, n. 1211, Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, jy. 640.* Protea lacticolor. Salisb. Parad. 27. Protea ochroleuca. Smith, Exot. Bot. 2, p. 43, A 81. Hab. In Africae Australis niontibus, prope Prom. B. Spei. (v. V. in Hort. Reg. Kew.) *5. P. coccinea, foliis obovatis obtusissimis sessilibus venosis raraisque glabris, involucri bracteis interioribus spathulatis apice barbatis, stylo glabro, calycis aristis fcro longitudine laminarum : margine pilosis ; apice imberbibiis. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus, prope Promont. B. Spei, Devil's Head : solo fertiliori, D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex 4 — 5 pedes altus. Ravii crassitie digiti. Folia Isevia, glauca, per lentem punctis minutissimis de- pressiusculis conspersa; dum 4 uncias longa, 2 — 3 uncias lata ; superiora basi quandbque semicordata ; summa capitu- luni a3quantia. Involucrum sessile, solitarium, turbinatuni, 4 — 5-unciale, bracteis extus demum glabriusculis ; interio- rum barba marginali, copiosa, longa, persistenti. Calyx inclusus, 2^ uncias longus; Unguibushivsxxii^; Laminis dorso glabris, margine pilosis; Aristis vix longitudine laminarum. Stylus compressus. Stigma subulatum ; inde exsulcum a stylo absque raanifesta curvatura continuum. 6. P. speciosa, foliis obovato-oblongis basi angustatis [78 ramisque glabris, involucri bracteis omnibus sericeis : inte- rioribus apice subdilatatis mediisque barbatis, stylo pube- scenti, aristis calycis apice lanatis. Scolymocephalus Africana foliis longis glabris, cono seri- ceo ; squamis rubiginea villosa crista ornatis. Herm. Cat. ML Baj. Hist 3, Dendr.p. 9. Lepidocarpodendron ; folio oblongq, viridi, limbo rubro ornato ; squamarum apice, et margine, lanuginosis. Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 185. c. tab. Scolymocephalus foliis longis, seu Tulipifer latifolius. Weinm. Phyt. 4,j». 288, t. 893, a. bona. 64 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIKU. Scolymocephalus Africanus foliis angustis villosis. Weinm. Phyt. 4, p. '2Sd, t. 894? Bruckm. Epist. Itin. 2, p. 8, t. 3, capituluni, Leucadeiidron speciosum. Linn. Mant.p. 36.*excl. syn. Clnsii. Protea speciosa. Linn. Mant. p. 191. Protea Lepidocarpodendron /3. Linn. Syst. Veg. xiii,jo. 118. Protea barbata. Lam. Illust. Gen. I, p. 236, n. 1228. Protea speciosa latifolia. Jnd. Repos. 110, fortfe hue pertinet raonente D. Bellenden Ker ; at pessima figura. Protea speciosa. Sims, Bot. Magaz. 1183. Hab. In Africa) Aiistralis montibus, prope Prom. B. Spei. (v. V. in Monte Tabulari.) *7. P. macrophylla, foliis elongato-oblongis marginatis venosis glabris basi subattenuatis, involucri bracteis omni- bus tomentosis ; intimis lingulatis imberbibus, calycis aristis hirsutis, stylo exsulco infra medium pubescente : apice curvato. 79] Hab. In Africa Australi, ad latera Montium Attaquas Kloof. B. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex validus, 8 — 10 pedes altus. {Niven.) Rami glabri apice tomento brevissimo quasi rore canescenti obducti. Folia basi pariim attenuata torta ; superiora longi- ora, involucrum longfe superantia, spithamea, ultra poUiceni lata. Involucrum bracteis omnibus obtusis incanis ; extimis ovatis ; mediis oblongis ; intimis apice baud dilatato. Calyx involucro parum longior ; unguibus laminisque to- mento albo villisque concoloribus patulis : Aristis longitu- dine laminarum, tomento albo villisque longis, patulis, nigro-purpureis, terminalibus subcrispatis. 8. P. formosa, foliis angusto-oblongis venosis obliquis : basi simplici; marginibus ramisque tomentosis, involucri bacteis ciliatis ; intimis lingulatis imberbibus, calycibus aristisque tomentosis, stylo glabro apice curvato, stigmate apice incrassato. Protea coronata. And. Repos. 469. . '' ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JU88IEU. 66 Erodendrum formosum. Salisb. Parad. 76. Hab. In Africa Australi. D. Maason. (v. s. in Ilorb. 1). Aiton, e Ilort. Reg. Kew.) Ob8. Affinitate proxima P. compacta, foliis praesertini di versa. ;is oram- 9. P. melaleuca, foliis lineari-lingulatis marginatis ciliatis, ramis pilosiusculis, involucris elongato-turbinatis : bracteis albociliatis ; exterioribus squarrosis ; interioribus coiniivcn- tibus spathulatis dorso nigro-tomentosis. Lepidocarpodendron ; folio saligno, viridi ; nervo et niar- gine flavo ; cono longo, superiore parte maxima clauso. [S" Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 189,* c. tafi.? Scolymocephaliis sen Lepidocarpodendron frutice conifcro. Weinm. Phjt. 4, p. 291, /. 898? diversa tamen bracteis intimis viridibus forte e descriptione in Cod. Witscn. pictis. Protea coronata. Lam. Illust. Gen. 1, p. 236, n. 1227? exclus. syn. priore Boerhaavii. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, p. 645 ? desc. conveniente. Protea speciosa nigra. And. Repos. 103. Protea Lepidocarpon. Ker in Bot. Mag. 674. Hab. In Africa Australi, prope Prom. B. Spei. Obs. Species, ex figuris recentioribus hue citatis, ncc non e pulcherrima inedita D. Franc. Bauer, qufc onincs inter se exacts conveniunt, distincta videtur, at quoniam specimina his respondentia nondum vidi, hand sine hesita- tione a sequente separavi. 10. P. Lepidocarpon, foliis lineari-lingulatis marginatis scabriusculis nitentibus ramisque glabris, involucri bracteis interioribus spathulatis doi-so marginibusque nigro-barbatis, calycis aristis intiis pennatis, stylo pubescenti. Scolyniocephalus Africana, foliis longis glabris, cono variegato resinifero. Herm. Cat. Mt. Scolymocephalus Africana, cono variegato resinifero. Baj. Hist. 3, Bendr. p. 9. Lepidocarpodendron ; foliis angustis, longioribus, salig- nis ; calycis squamis elegantissim^ ex flavo fusco albo nigro 5 66 ON THE PllOTEACEiE OF JU8SIEU. variegatis ; florum pliiraulis atro-purpureis. Boerh, Lu(/d. Bat 2,/;. 188, c. tab. Scolyraocephalus Africana, foliis longis, cono variegato. Weinm. Pfii/t. 4,j0. 289, t. 895. 81] Protea foliis lanceolatis integcrrimis glabris calycinis siiperne villosia. Roj/. Luyd. Bat. 186. Leucadeiidron Lepidocarpodendron. a. Linn. 8p. PI. ed. \,p. 91, ed. \\,p. 134. Bcrff. Act. Stockh. 1766, ;;. 322. Protea Lepidocarpodendron. Linn. Mant, 190,* desc. opt. nullo tamen specimine in Herb. Protea Lepidocarpodendron a. Linn. Syst. Ve<;.\\\\.p.\\Q. Protea speciosa. Thunb. Diss. n. 53,* Prod. 27. Willd. Sp. PL I, p. 531. Protea cristata, Latn. lUust. Gen. 1, p. 235, n. 1226. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5,/>. 644, exclus. syn. Roy. Linn, et Andr. Protea gi-andiflora var. foliis undulatis. And. Repos. 301 ? Hab. In Africse Australis montibus, prope Prom. B. Spei. (v. V. in Monte Tabul.) *11. P. neriifolia, foliis lineari-lingulatis laevibus opacis margine subsimplicibus basi extus ramisque tomentosis, involucri bracteis interioribus apice parum latioribus dorso argenteo-sericeo margine nigro-barbato, calycis aristis lami- nas siiperantibus intus pennatis, stylo pubescenti. Cardui generis elegantissimi cujusdam caput. Clus. Exot. 38.*/^. XV. Hab. In Africa Australi, ad radices montium prope Prom. B. Spei. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Obs. I. Quam maxim6 affinis P. Lepidocarpo, at dis- tincta vidctur. Obs. II. Synonymon Clusii hue retuli ob descriptionem optim5 convenientem. 12. V.pulchella, foliis lineari-lingulatis marginatis niten- 83] tibus scabriusculis, ramis pariim tomentosis, involucri bracteis interioribus apice lanceolato-dilatato sericeo mar- ginibus nigro-barbatis, calycis aristis vix longitudine lami- narum, stylo pubescenti. ON THE PttOTEACEiE OF JUS81EU. 67 Protea pulchella. And. Repos. 270, bona quoad capitu- lum, sed folia opaca margine ciliata. Protea speciosa, var. foliis glabris. And. Ropos. '2>11, optima respectii capituli et foliorum nitore quae autein margiiie concolori diversa. Protea pulchella var. speciosa. And. Repos. 442, difFert figura bractearum interioiTim aristisque calycis lamina longioribus. Had. In Africae Australis montibus, prope Stellenbosch. Gul, Roxburgh, M. D. (v. s. in Herb. Banks, et Soc. Linn.) 13. v. patens, foliis angusto-oblongis subundulatis raar- ginatis basi subattenuatis, ramisque villosis procumbentibus, involucro hemisphaerico : bracteis sericeis ; interiorum barba nigro-purpurea, stylo infra pubescenti, calycis aristis longi- tudine laminarum. Protea speciosa patens. And. Repos. 543. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus saxosis, prope Wilde River. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutcx procumbens. {Niven.) Rami tomentosi et villis patulis brevibus incani. Folia secunda, frequentia, obtusiuscula, venosa, 4 — 5 uncias longa, 7 — 9 lineas lata. Involucrum sessile, niagnitudine pugni minoris : Bracteis obtusis, albo-sericeis, concaviusculis, interioribus nee dila- tatis nee angustatis mediisque barba nigro-purpurea instruc- tis. C(ar/^c2? sesquiuncialis albo-lanatus, aristis apice purpureis. Stylus basi conipressa tomentosa supra subulatus et infra [S3 medium pube rara, supra glaber, apice curvato. Stigma acutiusculum. *14. P. incompta,io\m lingulato-oblongis : summis ram- isque hirsutis, involucri bracteis interioribus apice orbiculato- dilatato margine barbato, calycis lanati aristis longitudine laminarum, stylo glabro apice simpliqi. Protea foliis lanceolatis integerrimis glabris calycem suc- cingentibus hirsutis. Rog. Lugd. Bat. 186? exclus. syn. Boerh. t 189. Hab. In Africa Australi. Oldenhurgh : prope Wynberg. 68 ON THE PROTKACEf: OF JU8SIEU. S Gul. Roxburgh, M. D. (v. s, sub eodem nomine in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Fmtex erectua. liami hirsutissiini villis longis patulis. Folia freqiientia, modice patentia, 4 uncias longa, 1 unciam lata, venoaa, basi obtiisa, marginibns simplicibus ; callo apicis aciito, recurvo; iiiferiora glabra; summa angus- tiora, capitulum pniilo 8iij)crantia. Involucrum turbinatura, 4 uncias longum, l)racteis tonientosis ; exterioribus mediis- que oblongis, imberbibus ; intcrioribus barbu marginali, alba. Calyx lana alba, im])lexu. 15. P. longifolia, foliis elongato-lincaribus basi attenuata, involucri turbinati bracteis glabris acutis imberbibus, calycis aristis lannna lougioribus, stylo pubescenti ap'ce curvato. Lepidocarpodendron , foliis angustis, longis, salignis nervo rubro ; florum pluuiis violaceo-purpurois. Boerh. Ltfffd. Bat. 2,/?. 18(5.* c. tab. Protea longifolia nigra. Intl. Ucpos. 132. Protea longifolia var. cono turbinuto. And. Rppos. 144. Protea longifolia fcrruginoso-purpurea. And. llepos. 1 33. 84] Protea Lepidocarpodendron. Herb. Linn. Hab. In Africa Aiistrali, prope Prom. B. Spei. Olden- buryh. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) 16. P. mellifera, foliis lanceolato-lingulatis basi attenua- tis, involucro turbiiiato : bracteis glabriusculis imberbibus viscidis, aristis calycis albo-lanatis longitudine laminarum, stylo glabro : apice simplici. Scolvmocephalus Africana, foliis longis acutioribus hirsu- tis, cono racllifero. Ilerm. Cat. Mt. Conifera Alypi folio seminibus pennatis, pluribus in medio coni conglomeratis, et non inter squamas aliorum conorum more nascent ibus ! Sloane in Philos. Trans. 17, jo. 666,* c. tab. Scolymocephalus Africana, foliis angustis villosis, cono mellifero. Raj. Hist. 3. Dendr. 2). 9 ?^ Lepidocarpodendron ; foliis angustis, brevioribus, salignis; calycis squaniis elegantissime ex roseo aureo albo atro- * The point of interrogation is added in M.S. by Mr Brown in his own separate copy, — Edit. ON THE FROTRACE.* OK JIJ881BU. 60 ru])ro variegatis ; floriiin pluinis albis. Boerh. I^nyd. But. 2, p. 187, c. tab. Scolymoceplialus sen Lepidocurpodendron folio saligno. Weinm. Bhyt. \,p. 281). A 890. Proteii cuulc rmiltifloro calycibus oblongis foliis lanceo- latis intcgerriiuis. Boy. Luyd. Bat. 185. Li iicadeiulron rcpciis n. Litni. Sp. PL fd. \,p. 91, ed. ii, p. 135. Leucadcndron repcns. Bery. Act. Stockh. 1706,//. 322. Protea repeiis. Linn. Mant. 189,* Sy,st. Vcy. \\\\, p. 118. Protea mellifera. Thunb. Diss. n. 37.* Prod. 20. Lam. Illust. Gen. I, p. 230, n. 122: . Salisb. Prod 49. jriM >Sp. PI. I, p. 522. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, p. 046. Curt. May. 346. Wend, llorl. llcrrenh. 13. Hab. In Africae Australis coUibiis et cainpis, prope Prom. B. Spci, gregatim quandofpie crescciis. (v. v. j)ropc (ss Constantiam.) 17. P. yrandijlora, foliis oblongis sessilibus raniisque glabris, involucro hemisphserico iniberbi nudiusculo, calyce tomentoso ; unguibus dorso glabiiasculis ; aristis brevissi- niis, stylo glabro. Scolymoccphalus foliis oblongis glabris crassioribus lati- oribus. ILerm. Cat. Mt. Lepidocarpodendron ; folio saligno lato ; caule purpura- scente. Buerh. Luyd. Bat. 2, p. 183,* c. tab. Scolymocephalos foliis oblongis. JFcinm. Phyt. 4, p. 28, t. 891. Protea foliis lanccolatis integerrimis flore patente glabro stylis longissimis. Boy. Luyd. Bat. 180. Protea cinaroides /3. Linn. Sp. PI. ed. i, p. 92, ed. ii, p. 136. Protea grandifiora. Thunb. Diss. n. 51.* Prod. 27. WiM Sp. PL I, p. 530. Lam. Illust. Gen. I, p. 234, n. 1210? Poiret, Encyc. Botan. b,p. 640? /3. Protea marginata. Lam. Illust. Gen. I, p. 235, n. 1225. Hab. In Africae Australis collibus et montibuSj frequens. (v. V. in Monte Tabulari.) Obs. Variat involucro penitiis glabro bracteisque exteri- 70 ON THE I'KOTEACK^ OF JUSSIEU. i oribiia nlbo-tonicntosis. Fol'ifi (luandoque liiicnri-oblonga ct tunc nb icone P. ahi/sKinica- htiiul distingui'iula, 18. P. Ahmainkn, foliis Ijinceoliito-lingiilatis obtusius- culis basi siibaiigustatH, involucro licmispliauico : bracteis obtusis iiuberbibiis, calycu tomentoso; aristis brcvissimis, rcccptaculo villoso? caule arborcscenti. Gagiiccii. Bruce. Abpa. 6, p. 52, c. tab. duab. H'l] Protca abyssiuica. JKilld. Sp. PI. \, p. 522. Had. In Abyssinia, Lanmbnon. Bruce I. c. 10. P. Scolptim, foliis lincari-lanceolatis aciitis siibnm- croiiatis basi attenuatis, invobicro hcniisj)liaerico ; bracteis glabris ol)tusis, calycil)us muticis, receptaculo villoso, caule rainoso multifloro. Thymclaja capitata rapunculoidcs a^thiopica saligneis foliis perianthio niagno conformi squamoso. Pluk. Mant. 181, t. 440,/ 1, mala. Scolyuiocephalus fruticis ^Ethiopici coniferi Brcynii foliis ; capite majore sqiiamato. Raj. Hist. 3. Dendr.p. 10. Lepidocarpodendron ; acaulon ; rain is nunierosis e terra excrescens, calyce floris imniaturo extiis ex rubro et flavo variegato intiis flavo. Boerh. Lut/d. Bat. 2, p. 192, c. tab. Scolyniocephalus foliis angustis longis. Weinm. Phyt. 4. p, 288, /. 893,/. b. Leucadendron Scolymoccphalum. Linn. Sp. PI. ed. i, p. 92, ed. ii, jo. 135. Bery. Act. Stockh. 17C6,jO. 323. Protea Scolymus. Thunb. Biss. n. 36.* Prod. 2G. Lavi. Must. Gen. 1, p. 236, ;/. 1231. Willd. Sp. PI. \,p. 522. Poirei, Encyc. Botan. b,p. 647. And. Repoa. 409. Wend. Sert. Ilanov. f. 20. Sims, Bot. Mag. 698. Protea angustifolia. Salis. Prod. 49. Hab. In Africae Australis ericetis elevatioribus, prope Prom. B. Spei. (v. v. in Hort. Angl.) 20. P. mucronifolia, foliis lanceolato-linearibus mucro- natis pungentibus basi obtusa, bracteis involucri lanceolatis mucronatis glabris, caule erecto multifioro. \A ON THE PROTEACEi* Of JU98IEU. n Protea mucroni folia. Stilisb. Parad. 24. Sims, Bot. cw Matf. 9:J3. And. Rrpos. 500. Proten odorntissium. Masaon, in Unb. Mt. Had. In Africa Australi. Mnxson. In nrenosis propo Berg River. Nivcn. (v. v. in Ilort. Ilibbert.) 21. P. nana, foliis subnlntis mucronatis, involucris nn- tantihus henuspha^ricis ; bracteis glal)ri8 obtusis. Thymelaja a;tliiopica abictiforniis floribus pliocniceis. Pluk. Mant. 180. Leucadendron nannm. Berg. Act. Stockh. 17C0, p. 325.* Barg. Cap. 22,* exclus. syn. Petiv. ad feminam Aulacis pinifoliaj jam citato. Protea rosacea. JAnn. Mant. p. 189,* Sgst. Fog. \\\\,p. 118. Protea nana. T/umb. Diss. n. 29.* Prod. 26. Ihrt. Keto. 3,jo. 484. mild. Sp. PI. \,p. 519. Protea rosacea. Lam. lllust. Gen. \, p. 238, «. 1251. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, p. 653. Smith, Exot. Bot. \,p. 85, t. 44. Protea acuifolia. Salisb. Parad. 2. Had. In Africa) Australis montosis ; prope Roode Zant Cascade, (v. s. in Herb. Linn, a Bergio.) Obs. Nomen Cel. Bergii utpotc primum, nee ineptum ct a Thunbergio, Dryandro et Willdenovio receptum, proetuli. *22. P. pendula, foliis lineari-lanceolatis mueronulatis : terminalibus ramorum floriferorum recurvorum reclinatis, bracteis involucri obtusis demtira glabriusculis. Hab. In Africa Australi. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Frutex ercctus. Rami teretes, glabri ; ultimi tenuissime tomentosi : floriferi supra medium recurvi. Folia sparsa, passim subopposita, frequentia, modice c-s patentia ; extra medium parum latiora, obtusa, mucronulo patenti, marginibus subrecurvis, glauca, compacta, adulta glaberriraa, sesquiunciam longa. Involucra pendula, soli- taria, hemisphaerica, magnitudine pruni : Bracteis arete imbricatis, imberbibus, exuta pube tenuissirna sericea de- mum glabriusculis ; interioribus sensim longioribus. Calyces ' 72 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. inoliisi, submutici, laminis barbatis. Sit/lus glaber, vix iin- cialis, apicc simplici. 23. P. /ef/r/,v, foliis lineari-lanceolatis planis : basi at- tenuatis ; marpjine scabriusculis, ramis dccnmbcntibus, in- volucro heinisj)hirrico sericeo obtuso, calycis (uncialis) uiiguibus glabriusculis : aristis lanatis lamina dimidio- lirevioribus. Erodendrum tenax. Snlisb, Parnd. 70. Hab. In Africae Australis depressis, Lange Kloof. D. Nivof. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) ])esc. Frutex diffusus. Bami glabri v. hirsuti. Folia 4 — 0 uncias longa, 4 — G lineas lata, acuta, uninervia, venia obsoletis, minute punctulata, scabriuscula ; ramoruni sub- secunda. Invohicrmu bracteis concavis, tcnuissimc ciliatis, exterioribus ovatis j interioribus oblongis. Cali/x unguibus supra pilosiusculis ; laminis dorso nudiusculis /S'/y/a* gla- ber, apicc simplici. 24. P. canaliculata, foliis linearibus aveniis Irevibiis: supra concaviusculis ; ramisque glabris decumbentibus, involucro obtuso : bracteis interioribus subsericeis, calycis unguibus glabris : aristis pr .icillatis laminae dimidio brevioribus. Protea canaliculata. Atid. llepos. 437. Hab. In Africae Australis depressis arenosis, Lange Kloof. B. Niven. (v. s. in Hei'b. Lambert.) SO) Desc. Frutex subdecumbens. {Niven.) Folia frequcn- tia, 4—8 uncias longa, vix duas lineas lata, acuta. Involu- crum magnitudine pruni, Bracteis concavis ; exterioribus glabratis ; interioribus brcvissimo ciliatis. Cali/x uncialis, unguibus laminisque glabris : Aristis albo-barbatis. Stylus glaber apice simplici. 25. P. acatdis, caulibus abbreviatis, ramis depressis, foliis obovato-oblongis margir/atis venosis basi attcnuatis, involucris hemisphairicis inclinatis ; bracteis obtusis glabris, calycibus muticis. Scolyraocephalus Africana foliis oblongis glabris humilis et procumbens. Ilerm. Cat. 19. ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUS8IEU. 78 Scolymocephalus Africaniis Lauri folio humilis et procum- hens. Bnj. JJisf. 3. Dcndr. p. 9. Lepidocar])odendron ; acaulon ; foliis paiicis, latis, nervo ct ranrginibus rubris ornatis ; friictu parvo. Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2,j». 191,* c. lab. Scolymocephalus s. Lepidocarpodendron acaulon. Weinm. Phyt. 4. p. 291, t. 898, b. bona. Protea caule unifloro foliis lanceolatis. Bog. Lugd. Bat. 186. Leucadendron acaulon. Wachend. Ullraj. 204. Linn. Sp. PI. ed. I, p. 92, ed. ii,p. 135.* Sg^st. Nat. xii, t. \,p. 110, omissa in Mant. ct Syst. Veg. xiii. Protea acaulis. T/iu/td. Ifiss. n. 49.* Prod 27. Willd. Sp. PL 1; p. 529. Protea rana. Lain. lUusf. Gen. 1, p. 233, n. 1208. Poiret, Epcgc. Botan. o,p. 639. Protea glaucophylla. Salinb. Parad. 11. Hab. In Afrirfc Australis collibus, prope Promont. B. Spei. (v. V. juxta Simais Bay.) *26. P. elongata, caulibus nanis, foliis elongato-lanceo- [»o latis (pcdalibus) planis marginatis venosis l,Tcvibiis ; basi valdc attcnuata lineari, involucro heniispliairico inclinato; bractcis glabris obtusis, calycilnis brcvissinie aristatis. Hab. In Africa) Australis huniidis clevatioribus. Roode Zant Cascade. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Obs. Nimis affinis P. acauli. *27. P. angustata, caulibus nanis, foliis lanceolato-lineari- bus planis ruarginatis venosis laevibus, involucro heniisphjc- rico inclinato : bracteis glabris obtusis, calycibus muticis : unguibus extus glabris inarginc lanatis. Hab. In Africae Australis moutosis solo fertiliori j Hout Hoek. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Obs. An species distincta a P. acaule ? *28. P. revohituy caulibus nanis, foliis canaliculato-semi- teretibus laevibus, involucro hemispha3rico inclinato : bractcis 7t ON THB PROTEACEiE OF JUS8IEU. glabris obtusis, calycibus muticis : unguibus cxtus glabris marginc lanatis. Hab. In Africa3 Australis montibus aridis. D. Niven. (v. s. in Horb. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutcx humilis, l)asi divisus. Rami adscendentes, glabri, vix longitudine foliorum. Folia 6 — 9 iincias longa, acuta, inipunctata, niarginibus recurvis, simplicibus, cana- liculata, infra medium teretiuscula parumque atteniiata. Involucriim brevissime pedunculatum magnitudine pruni rainoris. Calycis laminae sericea?. Stylus glaber, apice simplici. *29. P. tenuifolia, caulibus nanis, foliis canaliculato- 91] scmiteretibus scabris, involucro hemisphajrico : bracteis toraentosis, calycis unguibus laminisquc liirsutis : aristis brevissimis. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus sterilibus. B. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Folia numerosa, punctis elevatis utrinque scabra, marginibus revolutis canaliculata, basi planiuscula, spitha- mea v. dodrantalia. Involucriim erectura, sessile, magnitu- dine ponii minoris, tomento ferrugineo tardiiis deciduo. Calyx sesquiuncialis laminarum villis brevioribus, aristis (mucronibus potiiis) duabus lamina quadruple brevioribus. Stylus glaber, apice simplici. *30. P. lavis, caulibus nanis decurabentibus, foliis elon- gato-linearibus la3vibus aveniis marginibus recurvis, involu- cro hemispha;rico : bracteis obtusis subsericeis, calycibus subuncialibus muticis. Hab. In Africa Australi. D.Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Caulis brevissinius, decumbens {Masson.) glaber. Folia secunda, glauca, spithamea, acuta, marginibus la3vi- bus non incrassatis, basi attenuata plana. Involucriim ses- sile, erectum, magnitudine pomi minoris ; Bracteis primum subsericeis, demum glabriusculis, marginibus brevissime ciliatis. Calyx unguibus extiis glabriusculis, margine lanatis ; Laminis villosis. *31. P. scabra, caulibus nanis, foliis elongato-linearibus :iatit,ij^«y^ -^■'■'-- ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. 75 scabris obsolete venosis margine subrccurvis, involucro turbinato-hemisphserico : bracteis obtusis tomentosis, un- guibus calycis hirsutis : aristis lamina dimidio brevioribus. Had. In Africa Australi, prope Promont. B. Spei. Gul. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Cmdis semisepultus, divisus, ramis adscendenti- [92 bus, folio brevioribus. Folia conferta, erecta, spithamea, vix pedalia, 3 — 4 lineas lata, apice acuto sphacelato, uninervia, obsolete venosa, utrinque tuberculis pustuliformibus scabra, aliisque minutissimis conspersa, basi attenuata petiolifornii la3vi. Involucrum sessile, erectum, magnitudine pomi minoris ; Bracteis tomento ferrugineo demuni subdeciduo. Coli/v vix semuncialis ; laminis hirsutis ; aristis villis flcxuosis cinereis ferrugineisve. Obs. In Ilerbario D. Ilibbert plantam vidi Foliis planis elongato-lanceolatis ; Involucris turbinatis ; Calycibus albo- lanatis aristarum lana longiore niagisque implexa ; Stylo biunciali, vix arcuato : an distincta species ? « 32. P. repensy caulibus nanis, foliis elongato-linearibus scabriusculis margine revolutis, involucro turbinato : bracteis obtusis tomentosis : interioribus margine lanatis, calycibus biuncialibus ; unguibus hirsutis ; aristis lamina brevioribus, stylo apice simplici. Lepidocarpodendron ; foliis longissimis, angustissiniis, fructum elegantissime ex rubro flavo et albo variegatum instar corona; succingentibus ; ri.aice repente. Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 190,* c. tad. Scolymocepiialus s. Lepidocarpodendron foliis longissimis. Weinm. Phyt. 4, p. 290, t, 897, a. Protea caule unifloro calyce oblongo fohis linearibus longissimis. Boy. Lugd. Bat. 185. Leucadendron, foliis longissimis obtuse trigonis longitu- dine florem superantibus. Wachend. XJltraj. 204. Leucadendron repens /3. Linn. Sp. PL ed. i, p. 92, ed. ii, jo. 135. Protea repens. Thunb. Diss. n. 38.* Prod. 26. La7n, cos lllust. I, p. 236, n. 1230. Willd. Sp. PL I, p. 523. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. b,p. 646. ?i!>*wi!p»^lippipp^ 76 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JU8SIEU. Hab. In Africae Australis cam pis arenosis prope Prom. B. Spei. (v. s. in Hjrb. Banks.) Obs. Varietas ? foliis vix punctatis, sesquipedalibus. *33. P. lorea, caulibus nanis, foliis teretibua elongatis laevibus, involucro turbinato sub-pedunculato : bracteis acutiiisculis sericeis, calycis unguibus extiis glabris : aristis lamina brevioribus, stylo apice curvato. Hab. In Africa Australi, prope Promont. B. Spei. D. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Caulis brevissiraus, semisepultus. Folia nume- rosa, pedalia, crassitie fili ligaterii. Involucruni pedunculo brevi squamis arete imbricatis tecto : Bracteis exterioribus ovatis acutiusculis, interioribus oblongo-linearibus. Cali/x Unguibus Laminisque extus Aristis undique lana brevi densa alba crispata. Stylus glaber. 34. P. turhiniflora, caulibus nanis, foliis elongato-lanceo- latis marginatis subundulatis Isevibus, involucro subturbi- nato : bracteis tomentosis obtusis, calycis aristis longitudine laminarum : lana apicis longiore crispa. Erodendrum turbiniflorum. Salisb. Farad. 108. Protea caespitosa. And. Bepos. 526. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus; in humidis solo fertiliori. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Caides caespitosi, abbreviati, divisi, erecti. Folia uninervia, venosa, juniora villosa, adulta glabra, nitida, minutissirae punctata, acutissima, basi valde attenuata 9« petioliformi, spithamea, vix pedalia, unciam circiter lata ; extiraa ramorum nana, biuncialia, basi vix attenuata mem- branacea, subscariosa. Invohicrum sessile, vix biunciale : Bracteis subincanis, ciliatis, interioribus apice lanatis. Calyx unguibus laminisque lanatis : Aristis curvatis, albo- lanatis, lana terminali fulva. Stylus glaber, apice levissime curvato. *35. P. Scolopendriuniy caulibus nanis, foliis elongato- lanceolatis marginatis lawibus, involucro turbinato : bracteis ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JtJSSIEU. It lanceolatis acuminfttis apice tomentosis, aristis calycis lamina dimidio brevioribus. Had. In Africa Australi, Wintershoek. L. Joh. Box- hurgh (v. s. in Herb. Lambert.) Desc, CauUs foliis aliquoties brevier. Folia pedalia, sesquiunciam vix duas uncias lata, costa subtus eminente, venis raraosis rainutissime punctata, basi valdo attenuata. Involucra subsessillia, solitaria v. bina, quandoque tres uncias longa : Bracteia interioribus apice tomento persis- tente cinereis. Cali/x lanatus. Stylus glaber, infra medium dilatatus. Ovarii barba alba. tt Flores laterales, 36. P. cordata, rioribus lateralibus, foliis cordatis subro- tundis nervosis, bracteis involucri glabris. Protea cordata. Thunb. Diss. n. 60,* tab. 5, bona. Prod. 28. Lam. Illmt. Gen. I, p. 233, n. 1207. Willd. Sp. PL I, p. 534. Poire f, Encyc. Botan. 5, 'p. 639. And. Bepos. 289. Protea cordifolia. Sims, Bot. Mag. 649. Hab. In Africa? Australis niontibus, Hottentots Holland et prop(> Eluvium Zonder End. Thunb. 1. c. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) 37. P. amplexicauHs, floribus lateralibus, foliis cordatis [95 ovatis araplexicaulibus divaricatis apice recurvis, bracteis involucri pubescentibus. Erodendrum amplexicaule. Salisb. Parad. 07. Protea repens. And. Bepos. 453. Hab. In Africa Australi. D. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) 38. P. humilis, floribus lateralibus, foliis linearibus acutis, (biuncialibus,) receptaculo conico : paleis acutis. Protea humiflora. And. Bepos. 632. Hab. In Africa Australi. D. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Caulis nanus. Bami glabri. Folia plana, fere 78 N THE PROTEACEiB OP JUSSIEU. 3 uncias longa. Involucra hemisphaerica, bracteis obtusis, interioribus apice pube adpressa ferruginea. *39. P. acerosa, floribus lateralibus, foliis subulatis, re- ceptaculo convexiusculo : paleis obtusis. IIab. In Africa Australi. D. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. CauUs brevis. Bami erecti, glabri. Folia laevia. Involucra raraea, subaggregata, breviter pedunculata ; Brac- teis obtusis, interioribus pube diutiiis persistenti subsericeis. Calyx muticus, apice barbato. ReceptacuK paleae connata3. Squamulcs hypogyncB subulatae. Obs. Varietas ? Foliis longioribus (sesquiuncialibus) se- niiteretibus in Herbario et Hort. D. Hibbert vidi, qua3 secundum B. Nivcn 3 — 4 pedes alt a in montosis solo f'ertiliori prope Zonder End lecta. Haec Protea virgata. And. Bepos. ^oll . 6. LEUCOSPERMUM. Lkucadendrum. Salisb. Parad. Protea^ sect. 3. Litin. Mant. CoNOCAiiPODENDRA (spuria 190 et 19S). boerh, Lugd. 9«] Char. Gen. Calyx irregularis, labiatus, unguibus tri- Inis (raro omnibus) coliaerentibus, laminis staminiferis dis- tinctis. Stylus filiformis, deciduus. Stigma incrassatum, glabrum (nunc in[i3quilateralc) . Nux ventricosa, sessilis, la^vis. Capitulum indefinite multiflorum : Involucro poly- pliyllo imbricnto. Haiutus. Fruticcs sape humiles, quandoqite arbor escentes, plcrique fomnnfosi v. hirsuti. Folia integra v. apice calloso- dcntata. Capitula tcrmiiialia ; Floribus jlavis, modo imbri- catis bracteis distinguentibus persistenfibus induratis ; modo fastigiafis rcceptaculu planiusculo, paleis angustis, non mu- tatis, subdeciduis. ON THE PROTEACE^ OF .lUSSlEU. 79 f Capitulum amentaceum ; Bracteu propriis persistentibus subinduratis. 1, L. Hneare, stylo calycera hirsutum siiperante, stigraate hinc gibboso, involucro tomentoso, foliis linearibus integris ; callo apicis subbarbato, ramis glabris. Protea linearis. Thunb. Diss. n. 35,* tab. 4, pcdunciilo insolitc elongato stylisque apice niniis arcuatis. Thunb. Prod. 26. Lam. lllust. Gen. \,p. 237, n. 1241. Willd. Sp. PI. \, p. 521. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. b, p. 050. Hab. In Africa) Australis arcnosis, Paarl, Drakenstein, StuUcnbosch. (v. s. in Herb. Banks. Lambert. Soc. Linn.) Obs. Folia sicpius canaliculata marginibus inflexis, nun- quani reflexis, callo apicis villis albis diu tecto ; duni plana obsolete striata marginibus scabriiisculis ; rarissime 2 — 3- dentata. *2. L. attenuatmi stylo calycem hirsutum superante, stigmate suba-quilaterali, foliis cuneato-liuearibus triden- tatis aveniis basi attenuiitu, involucris ramisque tomentosis. 1L\H. In Africa' Australis arenosis clcvatioribus inter saxa ; Zwellcndam. 1). Nlven. (v. s. in Herb. Banks, w Lambert. Hibbert.) Dksc. Fruftw erectus, tripcdalis. Rami stricti, crassitie penna) anscrinac, incani. Folia glaberrinia, lu3via, basi uninervi vix torta, crassa, rar<\ 5-dentata, sesquiuiicialia, biuncialia. Capifula solitaria v. gemina, breviter peduncu- lata, obovata, magnitudine pruni niajoris. Bractece involucri ovata), acuminata;, arete imbricata) ; pedunculi patula). Stylus calyce unam quartam longior. Stixjma conico-ovatura. Obs. JIujus Varictas ? iusignis. loliis latioribus, apice profunde tridentatis, dentibus latcralibus sa>pissime bi- in- termedio tri-dentatis. Ranudis prater tomentum incanum villis patulis brevibus. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) 3. L. Tottum, stylo calycem hirsutum \ superante, stig- mate hhic gibboso, foliis lineari-oblongis sub-integris veno- sis basi obtusfi, bracteis involucri glabris eiliatis. Protea Totta. Linn. Mant. 191,* fide spec, in illius Herb. m 80 ON THE PROTEACEiG OP JU88IEU. Thunh. Diss. n. 54* Prod. 27. Lam. Illlust. Gen. \,p. 235, n. 1224. Willd. Sp. PI. I, p. 532. Poiret, Encyo. Botan. 5, p. 644. Hab. In Africae Australis montosis ; Roode Zant Cas- cade, (v. 8. in Herb. Linn. Banks., &c.) Obs. Frutex subdecnmbens (secund. D. Niven). Rami 88Dpi(i8 hirsuti, quandoque glabri. Folia interdum 2 — 3- dentata, venis obsoletis. Calyces bracteis triple longiorcs. Stigma indivisum. *4. L. medium, stylo calycem hirsntum fere bis snperante, stiginute hiiio gibboso, foliis lineari-oblongis integris pas- simnue 2 — 3-dL'iitntiH : ciiIIIh arutis ; basi obtiisa, bracteis invomcri tenuissime piibesceiitibus eiliiitis, capitiilis cernuis. 98] Protea formosa. And. llepos. 1 7 ? (pia.' differf tanien, Foliis longioribiis, Calycibiis unilabiatis ungiiibus orijiiiljus longitudinalitercolia^rcntiluis, Uractein iiivoliicri sphaeelaliSi Stigraate ovato-oblongo vix gibboso. Had. Ill Africa) Australis montibiis. (v. s. in Herb. Sue. Linn.) Ob8. Species inter L. Tottum et ellipticum media, illo foliis, hoc floribus fere exacte conveniens. 5. L. ellipticum, stylo calycem hirsutum fere bis snperante, stigmate conico-ovato hinc gibboso, foliis oblongis 3 — 4- dentatis ; basi obtusis ; biuncialibus : bracteis involucri tenuissime pubescentibus ciliatis, capitulis erectis. Protea elliptica. Thunb. Diss. n. 15.* Prod. 26. JFilld. Sp. PL \,p. 512. Protea vestita. Lam. lllust. Gen. l,p. 239, n. 1259 ? Protea conocarpa A. Poiref, Encijc. Botan. 5,jy. 657? Hab. In Africa? Australis inontibus. (v. s.) Obs. Calli apicis folioruin obtusiusculi. *6. L. nutans, stylo calycem supra sericeum bis snpe- rante, stigmate oblique turbinate ! involucri bracteis tomen- tosis incanis, capitulis nutantibus, foliis ovatis oblongisve 3 — 5-dentatis; basi obtusis. o. Foliis subovatis cordatis vix sesquiancialibus. I ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIRU. 81 ft. Foliis lineari-oblongis basi simplicibus, 2 — 3 iincins longis. Hab. In Africac Australis montibus. Masson. (v. s. a. in Herb. Banks., j3. in Herb. Lambert.) Obs. Distincta stigniate ol)liquo, apice depreaao, axi lon- gitudinali elevata. Variat raniis tomentosis et hirsutis. 7. L. Conocnrptnn, stylo calyceni villosissitnum super- roj ante, stignuite suba'ciiiihiterali oblongo-conico, t'oliis ovali- biis 3 — 9-clentatis, rauii.s bracteisque hirsutissiinis. Scolynioccphalus iifricanus hitil'olius laniigiiiosus folJM in suininitate crenatis. llenn. Cdt. 20. Leuea'lentho siinilis AlVicnna aruur argentea folio siimnio crenaturis floiida. Phikn. Phyl. I. 200, /. 2, folium, sod nux vix luijus generis. , i/eijcadendron, africana arbor argentea summo fob'o crenato. /'////// /i/iii. 212. Conophoros capitis IJonaR Spei, folio in summo dentato. Raj. Ilttil. 3, /lint. 240. htio. Mas. 172, fide spec, in Uerl). Petiv. ''' Conoearpocfendron , folio crasso, nervoso, lanuglnoso, supr^ crenato, ibique limbo rubro; flore aureo; C(mo facilL' deciduo. Bocrh. Liff/d. Hal. 2, /a 196, c. I ah. l)ona. Scolymoceplialus afiicanus folio crasso nervoso. IFehini. Phyt. 4, p. 292, /. 899,/ 6. Protea foliis oblongo-ovatis apice quinqu(;dentato-callosis. Jioy. Lu(/d. Bat. 184. Leucadendron foliis ovatis obversis oblongis, margine calloso fimbriatis ad apicem crenatis. iFarlwnd. Ultra] . 203. Leucadendron Conocarpodendron. Linn. Sp. PI. ed. i, p. 93 ; ed. ii, p. 136. Spf. Nat. xii, t. 2,p.l\ 0. Bejy. Jet. Stoekh. 1766, p. 321. Omiss. in Linn. Mant. et Syst. Veg. xiii. Protea conoearpa. Thunh. Diss. n. 14,* desc. partim a L. grandifloro desumpta. T/iunlj. Prod. 25. TFilld. Sp. PL I, p. 512. lam. lllnst. Gen. \, p. 239, ;;. 1260, tab. 53,/. 3, mala, prajcipue floribus separatis. Poiret, Encyc. Botau. b,p. 656. 82 ON THE I'ROTEACEiE OP JU9SIEU. V Had. In Africac Ausfrnlis compis et collibus sterilihus, prope Promont. B. Spei. (v. v. ad littora Siraon'8 Bay.) 100] 8. L. grandiflorum^ stylo calycem villosissirnura su- perante, stigmate ajquilaterali oblongo-cylindniceo, foliis oblongo-Itinceolutis tridentatia ititegrisque, raiiiis hirsutis* simis, bracteis involucri glabris ciliatis. Leucadendron grandiflorum. Salisb. Parad. 116. Hab. In African Australis niontosis. (v. s. in Herb. Banks, sub nomine Proteai villosiusculae.) 9. L. puberum, stylo calycem hirsutum superantc, stig- mate sequilaterali ovato, foliis lanceolatis ellipticisve integria uncia brevioribus piibescentibua, rauiis hirsutis, bracteis involucri incano-villosis ellipticis longe acurainatis. Protea pubera. Linn. Mant. 192,* fide spec, in illius Herb., exclusis synonymis. Thunb. Diss. n. 56. Prod. 27. Lam. Illust. Gen. \,p. 234, n. 1216. Willd Sp. PI. 1, p. 533, excl. syn. Bergii. Poiref, Encyc, Botan. 5,j». 642. Hab. In Africae Australis sumniis niontibus ; Hottentot's Holland, (v. s. in Herb. Banks., Lambert.) Obs. Variat foliis angusto-lanceolatis. *10. L. buxifolium, stylo calycem hirsutum superante, stigmate aequilaterali ovato, foliis ovalibus obtusis integris unguiculuribus pubescentibus, ramis hirsutis, bracteis in- volucri orbiculato-ovatis breviter acuminatis glabriusculis ciliatis. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Obs. Proximum priori et forte cum eo a Thunbergio confusum. *1 1 . h.patuium, stylo calycem tomentoso-villosum super- 101] ante, stigmate aequilaterali ovato, foliis spathulato- linearibus integris : adultis glabris, ramis divaricatis to- mentosis, capitulis pedunculatis. Hab. In Africa Australi. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) .-«4J' -«r-^,- ■• ON THE PllOTEACE^ OV JU88ICU. 88 Desc. Fniiex humilis, ramosissimus. Folia conferta, uiicia breviora, basi angustata, callo a|)iri8 acutiusciilo, surama toiiiontosa. (JapUuln tnaguitudine avellana) ; pedunculo tomentoso, bractcis lanceoliitis ; Jirnclea in- volucrantes ovatic, aciuniuataj, tomentosa', iiican:jc. Calt/x tubulosus, bilabiatiis, tomentosus, villisciiiu brevibus patulis supra frequentioribus. Slj//m 9 liaeas loiigua. Stiytun breve. Obs. V lido affiiiis L. pubcro. *12. Ti. spafhit/ulum, stylo calycem villoso-tomentosuni superante, stigmate {L'quilaterali, foliis spatliulatis basi liiieari : adultis glabris nncialibus, rainis hirsutis patulis, capitulis pedunculatis, bructeis tomentosis acuminatis. Hab. In Africa Australi. D. Nioen. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Frute3 Willd. Sp. PL 1, p. 614. Poirct, Encyc. Botan. 5, p. 656. a. foliis linearibus canaliculatis aveniis, ramis brac- teisque tomentosis, calycis laminis barbatis. )3. foliis lineari-cuneatis planis subvenosis 3 — 5-dentatis, rarais hirsutis, bracteis calycisque laminis tomentosis. Protea candicans. And. Repos. 294. y. foliis linearibus planis, ramis hirsutis, bracteis gla- briusculis ciliatis. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus, prope Promont. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) A A < ^^ y. ^ 1.0 I.I ■^1^ IM 1^ ill 2.2 6" 1^ IIIIIM 1.8 L25 IIIIII.4 IIIIII.6 <^ /a ^m O / 7 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STRFET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 672-4503 84 ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JUSSIEU. B. Spei. (V. s. in Herb. Banks., Lambert., et See. Linn.) Obs. Plantse pro varietatibus supra habitse forte species distinctae. 14. L. Hijpopliyllum^ stylo longitudine calycis, caule procumbente, foliis linearibus tridentatis, bracteis orbi- culato-ovatis tomentosis tubo calycis dimidio brevioribus. Thymelaea capitata Rapunculoides Merii crassioribus foliis summo apice tridentatis aithiopica coniform! calyce squamato. Pltikn. Mant. 181, t. 440,/ 3. Conophoros capeusis folio angusto summo dentato Petiv. Mus. 900, fide spec, in illius Herbar. Scolymocephalos foliis angustis in summitate tridentatis. Maj. Hist. 8, Dendr.p. 9. Conocarpodendron ; folio rigido, angusto, apice triden- tato rubro ; flore aureo. Boerh. Liigd. Bat. 2, p. 198.* c. tab. Scolymocephalus seu Conocarpodendron folio angusto. Weinm. Phyt. 4, p. 294, t. 902,/ a. Protea foliis lanceolato-linearibus apice tridentato- callosis. Linn. Hort. Cliff. 29. Her)*. Cliff, absque fructificatione. 10.3] Protea foliis lanceolatis linearibus apice tridentato callosis capitulis aphyllis. Roy. Lugd. Bat. 184. Wach- end. Ultraj. 202. Leucadendron Hypophyllocarpodendron. Linn. Sp. PL ed. i, p. 93; ed, ii, p. 136. Berg. Act. Stockh. 1766, p. 321.* Berg. Cap. 16.* Protea Hypophyllocarpodendron. Linn. Mant. 191.* desc. opt. Protea Hypophylla. T/mnb. Diss. n. 16.* Prod, 26. Lam. Illust. Gen. \, p. ^39, n. 1256. Willd. Sp. PL 1, p. 513. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. b,p. 655. Hab. In Africae Australis sabulosis depressis prope Prom. B. Spei. (v. v. in coUibus juxta Simon's Bay.) Obs. Variat foliis glabris, pubescentibus et incano- tomentosis, 3 — 5-dentatis passimqiie integris, planis canaliculatisve, ramis nudiusculis, villosis v. tomentosis; ON THE PROTEACE.fl OF JUSSIEU. 85 Capitulis subsessilibus pedunculatisqiie ; Bracteis late ovatis, acutis orbiculatisve. ft Receptaculum planiusculum ; Bracteis propriis angustis deciduis. *15. L. molle, foliis ellipticis acutis 2 — 3-dentatis integrisve subsericeo-pubescentibus mollibus, bracteis exterioribus glacriusculis, stignate ovato. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. (v. s.) Ob£). Proxiraum L. crinito, diversum figura foliorura et forte caule procumbenti. 16. L. crinitum, foliis obovato-oblongis obtusis 3 — 5- dentatis integrisve ; basi angustatis ; pubescentibus deraum glabris scabriuscidis, bracteis omnibus villosis. Protea crinita. TUnb. Bus. n. 13?* Prod. 25. WiM Sp. PL I, p. 511 ? Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, p. 657. Hab. In Africa Australi. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) 17. L. olefsfolium, foliis ovali-oblongis sublanceo- [io4 latisve tridentatis et integris : adultis glabris, bracteis omnibus villosis, stigmate oblongo. Leucadendron oleaefolium. Bery. Act. Stockh. 1766, p. 320.* Berff. Cap. 15.* Protea criniflora. Linn. Suppl. 117.* Hab. In Africa Australi. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Obs. Duplex varietas, altera foliis ovali-oblongis obtusis ; bracteis exterioribus glabriusculis apice barbatis : altera foliis lineari-oblongis acutiusculis bracteis omnibus villosis. Arabae a Z. crinito diversae foliis basi hand angustata. 1 8. L. diffusum, foliis cuneato-linearibus integris 2 — 3- dentatisve basi angustatis : adultis glabris, ramis pro- cumbentibus, bracteis toraentosis lanceolatis acuminatis calyce dimidio brevioribus. Protea heterophylla. Thunb. Biss. n. 19*? Prod. 26? Willd Sp,Pl. \,p. 515. Hab. In Africa Australi. Gul. Roxburgh^ M.B. (v. s. in Herb. Banks, et Soc. Linn.) 86 ON THE PROTEACE-iE OF JU88IKU. 1)e8C. Friifex prostratus? Rmni longi, glabri v. hirsuti, qimndoque adscendentes. Folia uncialia, plana v. margi- nibus leviter iiiflexis concaviuscula, obsolete venosa, in rarais prostratis secunda. Capitula solitaria, breviter pedunculata, turbinata, magnitudine avellanae; Bractece involucri incaiise, calyce hirsuto dimidio breviores. Pistil- lam calyce sesquilongius. Stigma clavatum stylo capillari parum crassius. Obs. Species affinis L. patulo. 1051 7. MIMETES. Salisb. Farad. Hypophyllocarpouendron. Luyd. Protege Sp. 9 — 10. Linn. Mant. Bocrh. Char. Gen. Calyx quadripartitus, sequalis, laciniis dis- tinctis. Stylus tiliformis, deciduus. Stigma cylindraceiim, gracile. Nitx ventricosa, sessilis, laevis. Receptaculum commune planum, paleis angustis, deciduis. Involucrum indefinite polyphyllum, irabricatum. Habitus. Fruticea. Folia integra v. calloso-dentata. Capitula axillaria, in quibusdam folio superiori cucullato amplexa! quandoque terminalia. Involucra membranaceay raro coriacea, nunc dimidiata ! Pistilla calyce post expan- sioncm Jlaccido longiora. Stigma sapissime acutum. * t Capitula axillaria. 1. M. hirta, involucris aequilateralibus coloratis acurai- natis semi-exsertis 8 — 10-floris, stigmate subulate, laminis calycis plumosis, foliis acutis integerrimis. Scolymocephalus Africanas argenteus foliis Dorycnii Plateau. Herman. Cat. Mt. Conophoros capensis foliis pilosis apice mgricante. Fetiv. Mus. 62, fid. spec, in illius Herb. Lepidocarpodendron ; foliis sericeis, brevibus, confer- tissirae natis j fructu gracili, longo. Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 194, c. tab. ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. 87 Scolymocephalus africanus argenteus foliis Dorycnii. Treinm. Phyt. 4,jo. 292, /. 899, bona. Leucadeiidron hirtura. Amcen. Acad. 6, p. 83.* Sp. PI. ed.\\,p. 136. Protea hirta. Li?m. Afant. p. 188.* (Herb. Linn.) aoe Thuvh. Diss. n. 55,* exclus. syn. Boerh. Lugd. 2, p. 205. Thunb. Prod. 27. Lam. Illmt. Gen. 1, p. 234, n. 1213. Willd. Sp.Pl. l,j». 532. Poirety Encyc. Botan. h,p. 641. Hab. In AfricsG Australis campis collibusque, in locis humidis. (v. v. in collibus huraidis prope Simon's Bay.) *2. M.cipitidata,'m\o\\XQrv& aequilateralibus coloratis acutis semi-exsertis pubescentibus 8 — 10-floris, stigraate apice conico-incrassato ! laminis calycis plumosis, foliis acutis in- tegerrimis. Hab. In Africa Aiistrali. Gul. Roxburyh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Frutex erectus. Rami pubescentes. Folia ellip- tico-lanceolata, vix uncialia, pubescentia, baud sericea, ciliata, floralia parum latiora; Involucra foliis paiilb lon- giora ; Bracfeis ellipticis, acutis, rubris, tenuissime pubes- centibus. Calyces involucre vix longiores. Sfyli calycibus fere duplo longiores apice pardin incrassato tetragono sub- fusiformi. Stigma stylo nodulo articuliformi connexuni, cylindraceum, sulcatum, apice duplo crassiore conico- capitato. *3. M. paucijlora, involucris suba^quilateralibus coloratis acutis villosiusculis subquadrifloris, calycibus pistilla aequantibus ! laminis nudiusculis, stigraate cylindraceo, foliis obtusis integerrimis sericeis. Hab. In Africa Australi. Gtd. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Lambert.) Desc. Frutex erectus. Rami villo^i, vestiti. Folia im- bricata, frequentia, ovalia, plana, uncialia, venis alte im- mersis adversus lucem tantummodo obviis. Involucra [n>7 cylindracea, foliis sesquilongiora. Bracteis membranaceis, rubris, extimis obtusis ter brevioribus. Calyx involucro fere unara quartan) longior; Vnguibm hirsutis; Laminis 88 ON TIIE IMlOTKACEiE Or JUSSIEU. glabriusculis, pube brevi adpressa. Stylus calycein vix superans, extra medium aiigulatus. Sti/pna cylindra- ceum, sub-emarginatum, crassitie styli, quo cum nodulo connexum. 4. M. cucullata, iuvolucris inaequilateralibus subdimi- diaiis acuminatis glabriusculis, foliis lineari-oblongis triden- tatis glabris : floralibus infra dilatatis marginibus recurvis, stigmate subulato acutissimo. Scolyniocephalus africana, foliis angustis brevioribus, tribus in summitate denticulis, capitulis foliosis interceptis. Ilerm. Afr. 20. Leucadendros africana s. Scolymocephalus angustiori folio apicibus tridentatis. Plukn. Aim. 212, t. 304,/, o, bona. Hypophyllocarpodendron foliis inferioribus apice trifido rubro superioribus penitus rubris glabris. Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 206, c. tab. Scolymocephalus seu Hypophyllocarpodendron foliis tribus in summitate. Weinm. Phyt. 4, jo. 297, t. 905. Protea foliis lanceolatis obtusis foliis involventibus apice tridentato-callosis. Boy. Lngd. Bat. 184, Leucadendron foliis cuneiformibus apice tridentato-cal- losis suramis ultra florem protensis. Wachend. Ultraj. 203. Leucadendron cucullatum. Linn. Sp. PI. ed, i,jo. 93; ed. \\.p. 13G. Bery. Act. Stockh. 1766, jo. 320.* Bery. Cap. 14.* Protea cucuUata. Linn. Mant. 189.* TImnh. Bias. n. 17.* Prod. 26. Lam. Blust. Gen. \, p. 239, n. 1258. Willd. Sp. PL \,p. 514. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, jy. 656.* 108] Hab. In AfricsB Australis uliginosis prope Prom. 3. Spei. (v. V. juxta Simon's Bay et Constantiam.) Obs. Frutex 2 — 3 pedes altus. Folia vix sesquiuncialia, subavenia ; floralia supra glabriuscula. Stigma infra apicem non incrassatum. Varietas fohis uncia brevioribus sub- liuearibus. 5. M. Hartogii, involucris inaequilateralibus subdimi- diatis : bracteis acuminatis pubescentibus : interioribus ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JU8SIEL'. 89 tomentosis incanis, foliis liueari-oblongis tridentatis : adul- tis glabris inarginibiis niveo-lanatis ; floralium apice angus- tato supra sericeo, stigmate extra medium fusiformi : acu- mine setaceo. Hypophyllocarpodendron ; foliis lanuginosis. in apice trifido rubro quasi florescens. Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 205, c, tab. Scolymocephalus seu Ilypophyllocarpodendron foliis lanuginosis. Weinm. Phyt. 4, p. 297, t. 906, a. Protea cucullata /3. Lam. Illust. Gen. \,p. 239, n. 1258. II AB. In Africae Australis collibus, prope Prom. B. Spei. (v. V. in montibus juxta False Bay.) Desc. Arbuscula orgyalis. Rami patentes, tomentosi. Folia frequentia, imbricata, plana, biuncialia et ultra, 8 lineas lata, subvenosa, utrinque tenuissirafe pubescentia, pube demum decidua, lana marginis persistenti ; floralia dimidio inferiore dilatato, oblongo, marginibus reflexis cu- cullato, capitulum proxime inferius ampiexante ; superiore breviore, lineari, supra sericeo, marginibus planis. Calyx sesquiuncialis, plumoso-barbatus. Stylus calycem superans, sulcato-angulatus. Stigma sulcato-quadrangulum sulcis stria pariim elevata. Receptaculum paleis subulatis, lanatis. *0. M. Hibbertii, involucris inaequilateralibus subdinii- diatis : bracteis obtusis : exterioribus glabris, foliis ciw argenteis oblongo-ellipticis tridentatis integerrimisve. Had. In Africa; Australis alpinis humidis, prope Bar- biers Kraal. B. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert., Banks., Lambert.) Desc. Frutex 5 — 6 pedes altus. Rami tomentosi, cinerei. Folia imbricata, sessilia, plana, obsolete venosa, dum duas \mcias longa, vix 8 lineas lata. Involucra foliis breviora, tur- binato-ovata, 7 — 8-flora. Bracteis late ovatis, exterioribus ciliatis, interioribus sericeis. Calyx villosissimus. Stylus calyce longior. Stigma filiforme, striatum, acutiusculum. *7. M. Massoni, involucris aequilateralibus calyce dimidio brevioribus : bracteis subrotundis obtusis coriaceis foliisque argenteis ovatis integris. i, 90 ON THE PROTEACKili OF JUS8IEU. ITab. In Africae Australis niontibua prope Fraiiche Iloek. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Bank..) Desc. Frutex erectus. Rami sericei. Folia irabricata, frequentia, plana, holosericea, obsoleto venosa, biuncialia, sesquiunciaiu lata, callo apicis nudiusculo. Involucra vix seuiuncialia, globose ovata, circiter octo-flora j Bracteia fructiferis induratis. Calyx villis longis sub-adpressis in- canus. Stylus calyce longior. Stiyma filiforme, acutuni, striatum, vix crassitie styli. Beceptaculum villosum, angus- tum, epaleatuin. W Capitula terminalia. Mimetes spuria. S. M. thpiielaoides, caule erecto, foliis ovalibus obtusis pubescentibus semuncia brevioribus, capitulis subaggregatis, stylis infra medium pubescentibus. Leucadendron th^mielaeoides. Bert/. Act. Stockh. 1766, p. 324.* Ber(;. Cap. 19.* no] Had. In Africa Australi, prope Proinont. B. Spei. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Frutex ramosissiraus. Rami stricti, vestiti. Folia imbricata, vix unguicularia, subavenia, inferiora glabra. Capitula sessilia, globosa, niagnitudine vix cerasi nigri. Bractece involucri lanceolato-ellipticse. Palece undique dense lanatge. Calyx sericeo-lanatus. Stylus calyce longior. Stigma acutiusculum. 9. M. myrtifolia, caule erecto, foliis lineari-oblongis obliquis integris v. 2 — 3-dentatis uncia brevioribus, stylo glabro, capitulis subsolitariis. a. foliis tomentosis, passim 2 — 3-dentatis, bracteis acu- niinatis. |3. foliis glabriusculis, summis capitulo parum longioribus, bracteis obtusiusculis. Protea myrtifolia. Thunb. Diss. n. 50*? Prod. 27. JFilld. Sp. Fl. I, p. 530. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. b,p. 641. Hab. In Africa Australi. (v. s. in Herb. Banks, et Soc. Linn.) Desc. a. Frutex parvus. Rami brunnei, adiilii glabri, jmiiores villosi. Folia aveuia, tenuissime pubescentia v. ••« ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JU8SIEU. !)1 glabra. Capitula turbinata, sessilia, solitaria v. pauca ag- gregata, piso vix duplo iimjora, miiltiflora. Bractece invo- lucri pubescentes, ciliatae ; exteriorcs ovato-lanceolata), acu- mine brevi ; interiores oblongo-ellij)ticae, obtiisiusculae. Calyx tetraphyllus, ])lumoso-villosu8. Pistillum calyce Ion- gins. Stigma ciassitie styli. Squamulce hypogynae subulatae, persistentes. Nnx ellipticu, vix compressa, tenuissinie pubescens, basi styli terminata : cortex merabranaceus, tenuis, albus, separabilis apice rugoso, putamen crustaceuni, nigro-fuscum. Nucleus integunicnto simplici, tenuissimo. Chnloza apicis lata, venis radiantibus. Beceptaculum pla- num, villosum, epaleatnm. 10. M. divaricata, caule procumbente, foliis ovalibus [i" obtusis pubescentibus, stylo glabro. a. bracteis oblongo-linearibus obtusis semifoliaceis, lanii- nis calycis sericeis. Scolymocephalos africanus argenteus, foliis brevioribus, myrtiformibus, capitulis rarioribus. Herm. Jfi\ 20. Leucadendron divaiicaturn. Berg. Act. Stockh. 1766, jM. 324.* Berg. Cap. p. 19.* Protea divaricata. Lin?i. Mant. 194.* Thunh. Diss. n. 57.* Prod. 27. Lam. Blust. Gen. 1, p. 235, n. 1221. PoireU Bncyc. Botan. 5,/y. 643. Willd. Sp. PI. \,p. 533. /3, bracteis lanceolatis acutiusculis snbscaric. is. Hab. In Africae Australis campis et coUibus, ubique prope Promont. B. Spei. (v. v. ad latera montium, juxta Simon's Bay.) Obs. Calyx tetraphyllus. Receptaculum epaleatnm. 11. M. purpurea, caule procumbenti, ramis adscendenti- bus, foliis lineari-subiilatis canaliculatis, laminis calycis glabris. Protea foliis linearibus simplicissimis ramis determinatis floribus terminatricibus. Bog. Ludg. Bat. 186. Leucadendron proteoides. Linn. Sp. PI. ed. i, p. 91.* (fid. spec, tunc in Herb.) ed. ii, p. 134.* Berg. Act. Stockh. 1766,jo. 326.* Berg. Cap. 24.* Protea purpurea. Litin. Mant. 195.* Thunb. Diss. ' I 92 ON THE PROTfciACKili; Ol' .lUSSIKU n. 26* Prod. 26. Lam. Wmt. Gen. \,p. 239, n. 1252. WiJld. Sjj. PI. \,p. 518. Poiref, Encyc. Botan. b,p. 654. Uab. Ill Africa) Australis collibus, propc Proraont. B. Spei ; frequens. (v. v. ad latera montiiun, prope Simon's 13ay.) Obs. I. Receptnculum epaleatum. Ods. II. Variat Caulo ercctiiisculo ; Foliis undique versis 112] et secundis ; Bracteis acuininc siibulato, longo, brevis- simo, vel nullo. 8. SERRURIA. Salwb. Parad. Serraria. Burin. Afr. Adans. Fam. Gen. Char. Ccdt/x quadrifidus, subaeqiialis, unguibus distinctis. Stiff ma verticale, glabrum. SquamultB quatiior hypogynse. Nux brevissime pedicellata, ventricosa. Capitu- lum indefinito miiltiflorum \ paleis persistentibus, imbricatis. Habitus. Frutices. Folia Jiliformia, trifido-pinnatijida, rarb indivisa. Capitula terminalia v. r summis aiis, simplicia, nunc composita partialibus congestis v. pedunculo commmii diviso corymbosa. Involucruna imbricatum, membranaceum^ floribus sapissime brevius, in paucis longiua, quandoque nul- lum, riores semper aessiles, purpurei. Fistillum longitudine calgcis. Stigma davatum, rariusve cylindraceum. Nux ovalis, tenuiter pubescenSy modo barbata, aliquando glabriuscida. Obs. Secundum CI. Salisburium, " Flores interdum pe- dicellati," quod nunquam observare licuit. t Capitula simplicia ; Pedunculi itidicisi v. nuUi. *1. S. glaberrima, capitulis axillaribus pedunculatis, bracteis laminisque calycis glabris, foliis indivisis passim- que trifidis, caule procumbente. Had. In Africae Australis umbrosis montium. Masson. Kleine Hoot. Hoek. Gul. Roxburgh, M.B. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn, et Banks.) Desc. Frutecc prostratus, glaber. Rami filiformes, sub- ON TFIK PROTLACEiB OF JUSSIKU. 93 flexuosi. Folia altenia, remotiuscula, rnmis pnrum graci- liora, 2 — 3 nncias longa. Capifula, erecta, sub-octoflora, peduncnlo bracteato pan'iin breviora. Jiradea propria) sub- rotuiida), mucronata', cuciillatac, glabrae, scariosae. Calt/x [u» strictus, ungiiibus villosiusculis. *3. S. cygnea, capitulis axillaribus terminalibusque pcdunculatis, bracteis glabris subciliatis, calycibiis curvatis sericeis, foliis bipinnatis, caule procumbciite. a. Capitula floribus viginti pkiribusvc : bracteis invohi- crantibus nullis. ^. Capitula floribus viginti paucioribus : bracteis invohi- crantibus nonnullis, lanceolato-ovatis. Hab. In Africa Australi prope Winterhoek et alil)i. Gul. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn., /3 in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Frutex procumbens, ramosus, glnbnusculus. Folia sesquiunciam longa, quandoque biuncialia, superiora interdum breviora. PeduncuH capitulo longiores, bracteis distantibus, saepiiis curvati. Capitula globosa, magnitudine cerasi; Bracteis propriis lat6 ovatis, acuuiinatis. Calgx unguibus sigmoideo-curvatis ; Laminis nutantibus. Stylus paritcr arcuatus. Stigma pendulnni. *3. S. acrocarpa, capitulis axillaribus pedunculatis, bracteis tomentosis, calycibus curvatis sericeis, nucibus basi pubesceuti styli mucronatis, foliis bipinnatifidis, caule erecto. Hab. In Africa Australi, Brant-fly plain. Gtd. Rox- hurghy M.D. (' . s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex bipedalis et ultra. Ramuli pubescentes. Folia biuncialia, adulta glabra. PeduncuH capitulo longiores, saepe curvati, bracteis glabris distantibus, apice tenuissinie pubescentes. Cajpitulum magnitudine cerasi: Bracteis propriis ovato-subrotundis, breviter acuminatis, involucrantibus paucis similibus. Stylus basi incrassata aw apice arcuato. Stigma pendulum. Nux barhata pilis strictis patiilis. M ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. I I *4. S. elevnta, capitulis axillaribus pedunculo brevio- ribus, bracteis cuneato-orbiculatis tomeiitosis, calycibua breviter barbatis curvatis, nucibus siibiiiuticis, foliis bipin- natis iincia longioribus, caule erecto. Had. In Atrico) Australis arenosis. Masson. Picket Berg. Gid. Roxhuryh, Ml), (v. s. in Herb. Banks., ct Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex orgyalis. Rami tonicntosi, cinerei. Folia frequentia, pilosiuscula, viridia, inferiora glabra, scsquiun- cialia, callis obtusinsculis. Pedunculi folia saepissinio superantes, qiiandoque 3-unciale8, tomentosi, cinerei, bracteis alternis, lanceolatis, patentibus. Cnpitulum mag- nitudinc cerasi, floribus vigiuti pluribus, senmncia brevio- ribus. Bractea ornnes . extiis sericeo-tomentosa;. Nux subnnitica, nmcronulo vix manifesto, barbata. Obs. Descriptio c planta Massoni : Roxbiirgiana paiilo diversa, Calycibus quandoque sericeis ; bracteis mucrone longiore ; peduncuUs brevioribna, paucioribus ; foliis vq- cent' '^'•' bus niagis hirsutis : forte species distincta. *5. S. Aitoni, capitulis axillaribus subterminalibus pedunculo brevioribus, bracteis cuneato-subrotundia mu- cronatis glabriusculis, calycibus plumosis, nucibus mucro- natis, foliis tripartitobipinnatis sericeis uncia brevioribus, caule erecto. Hab. In Africa Australi. D. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. D. Aiton.) Desc. Rami stricti, pedales, tomentosi, vestiti. Folia erecta, frequentia, 8 — 10 liaeas longa, subargentea toraento iiBi arete adpresso, profunde trifida, laciniis bipinnatifidia, intermedia parura longiore magisque divisa, lacinulis inttis sulco tenui, apiculis subrecurvis, callo obtusiusculo. Pedunculi e sumrais alis et terminales, corymbosi, unciales et ultra, tomento brevissimo cinerei, bracteis alternis e basi erecta lanceolata subulatis, recurvis. Capitula globosa, magnitudine fere juglandis, floribus viginti pluribus. BracteeB exteriores acumine longiore, interiores latiores, oranes glabriuscnlae, subciliatae. Calyx 7 — 8 lineas longns, unguibus laniinisque plumoso-barbatis. Stiyma clavatum, ON THE PROVEACEiB OP JU88IEU. 98 oblongiim. Nux villia strictia sericeis barbatn, bi\si atyli inucronatn. Squamula hypogynae quahior, aubulata), per- sistentes. *0. S. simpUcifolin, capitulia terminalibus pcdiinculiitis, bracteia villoaia, calycibus barbatis, foliis indivisis rai'iusvu trifidia, caiile erecto. Hab. In Africac Auatralia arcnoaia "• Roode Zant Caa- cade. Gul. Boxhurgh, M.D. (v, a. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Uesc. Fruticulus pedalia, seaquipedalia, simplex v. aub- ramoaua, glaber, apiceni versua tenuisaime pnbescens. Folia uncinlia aeaqiiiuncialia, canalicnlata, pleraque indivisa, aliqua paasim trifida, juniora hirauta ; radicalia elongata, craaaiora, canali latiore. PeduncuH solitarii, capitnlo longiorea, incano-toraentoai ; bracteia glabriusculia, lanceo- latia, diatantibas. Capitulum magnitudine cert .i, floribua circiter vigi:iti. Bractcce aubrotundae, breviter acuminata:, tomentosae, aubincanae. Calyx denae plumosua, niveua. Stigma subcylindraceum. *7. S. , . ON THE PROTEACEJE OP JU8SIEU. 97 Protoa foliis linearibus ramosis. Boij. Lut/d. Bat. 186. Wachend. Ultraj. 202. Leiicadendrou cyanoides. Linn. Sp. PL ed. i, p. 93 ; ed. ii, p. 137. Bevff. Act. Stockh. 17C6, j». 326. Berti 8. ghmeratd habet; sed capitulis semper solitariis distincta. *20. S. ciliata, capitulis terminalibus pedunculo longiori- bus, bracteis subulatis glabris margine hirsutis dimidio capituli longioribus, calycibus sericeis, foliis subbipinnatis ramisque glabris, caiile erecto. Hab. In Africa) Australis depressis arenosis prope Phys- sers-Hoek. Gul. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. F'utex ramosissimus. Rami rubicundi, ultinii tenuissime pubescentes. Folia vix uncialia, modice paten- tia, biternata v. subbipinnatinda ; superiora capitulum vix sequantia. Pedimculi solitarii v. ssepe aggregati, bracteis subulatis squarrosi. Capitula turbinato-obovata, ceraso nigro minora. Bractea extus glabriusculse, punctis elevatis scabri- usculae. Calvx arcuatus. Stigma cylindraceo-clavatum. *21. S. congesta, capitulis terminalibus sessilibus, bracteis subulatis margine hirsutissimis dimidio capituli longioribus, calycibus barbatis, foliis subbiternatis semuncialibus, ramis pilosiusculis, caule erecto. Hab. In Africse Australis arenosis, inter Roode Zant et TJrbera Cap. Gul. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex ramosissimus. Rami sparsi, adulti glabri, 102 ON THE PROTEACKiE OF JUSSIEU. Folia erecta, qiinndoque pinnatifida, laciniis indivisis. Capi- tula turbinata, vix niagnitudine cerasi nigri, ssepius aggre- gata. BractecB extiis punctis elevatis, crebris, junioribus piliferis, CaJi/x dense barbatus, villis patulis, parallelis. Stigma cylindraceo-clavatuni . 121] *22. S. mtida, capitulis terminalibus pedunculo squar- roso duple longioribns, bracteis capitulo parum brevioribus : exterioribus subulatis glabris ; interioribiis villosissirais sericeis, calycis lumiiiis plurnoso-barbatis : interiori ungui- biisque nudiusciilis, foliis uncia longioribus, Protea cyaiioides. Thimh. Diss. n. 3* ? Prod. 25 ? JFilhl. Sp.Pl. \,p. 507? Hab. In Africas Australis montibus. Hottentots-Hol- land-Kloof. Gfd. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex glaberrimus, raniis rubicundis. Folia pinnatifida et subbipinnatifida, fere sesquiuncialia. Capitula solitaria, globosa, magnitudine avellanse. Calyx strictus, miguibus perangi»3tis, pilosiusculis; lamina interiori apice barba brevi rara, reliqiiis longitudinaliter barbatis, villis terminalibus dimidio laminae longioribus. Stigma cylin- draceum. *23. S. squarrosa, capitulis terminalibus axillaribusque, pedunculis ramuliformibus squarrosis, bracteis dimidium capituli supcrantibus : exterioribus linearibus glabris ; in- terioribus lineari-lanceolatis pilosis, calycis laminis penicil- latim barbatis : interiori unguibusque nudiusculis, .. jliis subbiuncialibus. Hab. In Africa Australi. Gul. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Lambert.) Desc. Frutex erectus, glaberrimus, raraosissimus, ramu- lis rubicundis. Folia bipinnatifida, patentia. PeduncuH capitulis pariim longiores ; bracteis numerosis, divaricatis, inferioribus teretiusculis, foliaceis, superioribus longioribus, linearibus, confertissimis. Bractea interiores capituli pilis sparsis, patulis, hirsutae. Stigma cylindraceum. ON THE PFOTWACEiE OF JU8S1EU. 103 24. S. phylicoides, capitulis terminalibus axillari- [i-is ))usque, pedunculis ramuliformibus squarrosis, bracteis dimidium capituli superantibus : extimis lineari-subulacis ; interioribus lanceolatis ; utrisqne glabris, calycis laminis penicillato-barbatis ; interiori nudiuscula ; unguibus glabris, foliis sesquiiincialibiis. Leucaden droll phylicoides. Ben/. Act. Slockh. 170G, p. 328.* Berg. Cap. 29,* desc. opt. Protea sphserocephala. Linn. Mnnt. 188.* {Herb. Linn.) exclus. syn. Bergii. Protea abrotani folia. And. Repos. t. 507. Hab. In Africa Australi. (v. s. in Herb. Linn, et Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutev erectus, glaberriraus, ramulis rubicundis. Folia bipinnatifida, passimqiie pinnatifida, modice patentin, quandoque biuncialia. Fedunculi (si placeas ramuli flori- feri) axillares et terminales, subcoryrabosi, capitulis longi- ores, bracteis foliaceis, subulatis, indivisis, squarrosi. Capi- tula magnitudine avellanae. Bractece extimse punctis elevatis, interiores Iseves, marginibus nudis rariiisve ciliatis. Calyx strictus, unguibus glaberrimis, laminis exterioribus niveo-barbatis, villis terminalibuii longitudine antherarura ; interiori glabriuscula. Stigma cylindraceuiu. *25. S. (jornnla, bracteis capitulo terminali subsessili pnriim brevioribus : exterioribus lanceolatis tomentosis ciliatis ; interioribus minoribus villosis, calycis laminis omnibus plumoso-barbatis, foliis bipinnatifidis. Hab. In Africse Australis raontibus prope Franclie Hoek. Gul. Roxburffhy M.J), (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn, et D. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex 3 — 4 pedes altus. {Nivcn.) Bami ultirai tomento tenuissimo cinerascentes. Folia sesquiuncialia, modice patentia, glabra, laciniis acutissimis. Fedunculi [12g capitulo breviores, quandoque brevissimi ; bracteis sub- ulatis, tomentosis, divaricatis, squarrosi. Capitula magni- tudine avellanae majoris. Bractece raembranaceae. Calyx strictus, unguibus nudiusculis. Stigma cyiindraceum. 101 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. 26. S.Jlorida, bracteis capitulo pedunculato longioribus : exteiioribus glabris oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis ; interi- oribus inclusis lineari-lanceolatis ciliatis, foliis pinnatifidis bipinnatifidisve. Protea florida. Thunh. Diss. n. 2,* tab. 1, bona. Lam. Must. Gen. \,p. 240, n. 1271. WiM Sp. Fl. \,p. 506. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, />. 002. Hab. In Africa? Australis montibus prope Franche Hoek. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) tt Cajnlula composita ; parlialibus cont/eslis. i : n i *27. S. decumbens, caule prostrate foliisque glabris tri- tidis : laciuiis indivisis, capitulis partialibus subquadrifloris. Protea decumbens. Thunb. Diss. n. 1,* tab. 1. Prod. 25. Wilkl. Sp. PI. I, p. 500. Lam. lllust. Gen, I, p. 239, n. 1201. Poiref, Encyc. Botan. 5, jw. 057. Protea procurabens. Linn. Siippl. 110.* Hab. In Africte Australis lateribus saxosis montium, prope Proraont. B. Spei. (v. v. jiixta Simon's Bay.) Desc. Erutex prostratus, glaber, basi divisus. Bami elongati, rubicundi, parum flexuosi, ssepe annotino-arti- culati. Folia alterna, erecta, secunda, biuncialia, infra medium trifida, laciniis subsequalibus. Pedunculi termi- nales et saepe e summis alis, adscendentes, graciles ; brac- teis nonnullis, par vis, glabris. Capitulum commune sub- 127] conicum, magnitudine fere juglandis, e quatuor ad sex partialibus irabricatis, breviter pedunculatis, 3 — 4-floris, quandoque abortione simplex. Bractea capitulorum par- tialium orbiculato-ovatae, acumine brevi, subsericeae, pas- simque glabriusculae. Calyw levissime arcuatus, subsericeus, villis arete adpressis. Stigma cylindraceum. 28. S. adscendens, caule procumbente foliisque glabris pinnatifidis bipinnatifidisque, pedunculis partialibus incano- tomentosis, calycibus curvatis. Protea ascendens. Lam. Blast. Gen. 1, j». 239, n. 1262. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, p. 058*? ON THE PROTEACE^ OF JUS8IEU. 105 Hab. In AfiicaB Australis montibus. Kleine-Hoot- Hoek. Gul. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frtitex glaber. Band rubicundi, quandoque ad- scendentes. Folia ssepius bipinnatifida, passim pinnatifida, sesquiuncialia, biuncialia. Pedunculi comnmnes terniinales et interdum e summis alis, capituli dimidio breviores. Capitulum obtuse conicum, niagnitudine fere juglandis, conipositum partialibus quinque ad septeni, imbricatis, breviter peduneulatis, 6- -7-floris. Bractece ovato-lanceo- latse, acuraine patulo, glabra), basi tonientosa subincana. Calyx villis adpressis, argenteis sericeus. SHis latioribus quani longis : mucrone brevissimo obtuso erecto, foliis bi-tripinnatitidis digitalibus. Hab. In Africa Australi. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb, [iw D. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex erectus, simplex? Folia 3— 4-uncialia, laciniis teretiusculis, callo apicis obtuso. Pedunculus terminalis, scapiformis, saepe infra racemuui 8 — 10 uncias aequans, bracteis paucissimis. Bacemus scapo plerumque brevior, 8 — 10-florus. Pedunculi partiales, capitulo longiores, basi dilatata, cum processu scuteiliformi racheos articulati. Capitula magnitudine avellanae, globosa. Calyx 110 ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JUSSIEU. serauncialis. Nux undique pubescens, pedicello brevissimo, glabro, rugose. I'.'! 9. NIVENIA. Paranomus. Salisb. Parad. Char. Gen. Cal^x quadrifidus, gequalis, totiis decidiius. Stigma clavatum, verticale. Nu^c ventricosa, nitens, sessilis, basi Integra. Involucrum simplici serie tetraphyllum, quadrifloram, fructiferiun induratum ; Receptaculo piano epaleato. Habitus. Frnctices. Folia sparsa, inferiora bipin- natijida Jiliformia ; superior a, in quibusdam, indivisa, plana. Involucra in spicam rarimve capitulum terminale di^esta, sessilia, bracted unicd subtensa. Flores purpurascentes. This genus is published by Mr. Salisbury: his primary generic character does not indeed at all differ from that which he has given to Mimetes ; in his account of Inflor- escence, however, it is evident he understood the genus nearly as I have here proposed it : I should therefore have adopted his name had it appeared to me tenable ; but I am disposed to believe that he will, on reconsidering the subject, see the propriety of relinquishing it; for the irregularity or unusual structure, which (if I understand him) he says exists "tot partibus diversis," only takes 134] place in the leaves of a small number of species ; on the other hand, the flowers of all are perfectly regular, and that too in opposition to some of tha most nearly related genera, while the great uniformity and regularity of inflor- escence forms an essential part of its character. I have therefore named it in honour of Mr. James Niven, an intelligent observer and indefatigable collector, to whom botanists are indebted for the discovery of many new species, especially in the two extensive South-African families of Erica and Proteaceae. ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUS81EU. Ill t Folia superiora inJivisa, laliora. 1. N. Sceptrum, foliis obovatis lanceolatisve planiusculis margine simplicibus, calyce sericeo yillis adpressis. Protea Sceptrum Gvistavianum. Spnrm. in Act. Stockh. 1717, p. 55, t. 1, bona. Li/ui. Suppl. 116. {Herb. Linn.) Protea Sceptrum. Thimb. Diss. n. 12.* Prod. 25. Willd. Sp. PI. I, p. 511. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, p. 062. Protea alopecuroides. Lam. Ulust. Gen. 1, p. 240, n. 1272. Hab. In Africae Australis summis montibus Hottentots- Holland, (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Ors. Involucri fructiferi foliola aucta, indurata. *2. N. marginata., foliis latioribiis qiiam longis cucullatis marginatis, calyce sericeo villis adpressis, involucri foliolis acutis apice glabriusculis. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. Gul. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Fridex. Rami umbellati, stricti, glabri, mbicundi. Folia subrotunda, pariim latiora quam longa, diametro 8 — 10-lineari, glauca, margine cartilagineo, latiasculo, semi-pellucido (infima nondum visa). Spica subsessilis, sesquiuncialis. BractecB subulatae, concavae, glabri- [iss usculae. Stylus glaber. Stigma clava oblonga. 3. N. spathulata, foliis latioribiis quam longis cucullatis marginatis, involucri foliolis obtusis, calyce barbate, stylo glabro, stigraate clavato-oblongo. Protea spathulata. Thunb. Diss. n. 58,* t. 5. Prod. 28. Lam. Illust. Gen. \,p. 235, n. 1218. Willd. Sp. PL I, p. 533. Poiret, Fnnyc. Botan. 5, p. 642. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus, Platte-Kloof. D. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Obs. Folia infima 2 — 3-pinnatifida, filiformia, cana- liculata. 112 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. 1/ \i Vi *4. N . parvi/olia, foMis latioribus quam longis cucullatis, calycibus barbatis, stylo lanato, stigraate conico-capitato. Protea Sceptrum. Zam. Illmt. Gen. 1, p. 241, n. 1273? Protea Gustaviana. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, p. CG3 ? exclus. syn. Sparra. et Linnei. Protea spathulata. Thimh. Diss. tab. 5, quoad figuram. Hab. In Africse Australis montibus. D. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks., Soc. Linn., Hibbert.) Desc. Frutew ramosissimus. Rami umbellati, patentes ; ramuli tenuissirae pubescentes. Folia inferiora bipin- natifida, filiforraia, canaliculata ; reliqua orbiculato-rhorabea, frequentia, glaberrima, diametro vix unguiculari, margine cartilagineo, angusto, crenulato. PetioH adpressi, foliis breviores. SpiccB terminales, solitariae, v. aggregatse, ses- quiunciales — biunciales, dum solitariae sessiles, dum aggre- gatae saepe pedunculatae. Involucrum foliolis subrotundis, fructiferis auctis, induratis. Stylus angulatus, dimidio inferiore longiore, lanato. Stigma magnum, apice siyli duplo crassius, rugosiusculum . 136] tt Folia omnia bipinnatifida. 5. N. Sjoicata, pedunculis subumbellatis dimidio spirae cylindraceae longioribus, bracteis subtendentibus peduncu- lique ovatis, involucris inferioribus distinctis, stylis ad duas tertias villosissiniis, foliis glabris, ramis tomentosis. Leucadendron spicatura. Bery. Act. Stockh. 1766, p. 327.* Bery. Cap. 25.* Protea spicata. Linn. Mant. 187.* {Herb. Linn.) Thtmb. Diss. n. 11.* Prod. 25. Willd. Sp. PI. 1, p. 511. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. Hottentots- Holland-Kloof, (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Frutex erectus, ramis tenuissime tomentosis, villis praeterea nulliii^ Folia subtriternata, biuncialia, canali- culata, callis obtusis. Pedunculi terminales, quandoqiie solitarii, saepius 3 — 5 umbellati, tomento villisque brevibus patulis incani ; bracteis alternis, numerosis, adpressis ; ses- ON THE PROTEACE^ OP JUSSIEU. 113 quiunciales — ^biunciales. Spica sesquiunciales, usque 2\ iincias aequantes. Involucra superiora conferta, inferiora distincta ; bracteis subtendentibus ovatis, acumine brevis- simo; folioUs ovatis, acvitis, frjctiferis auctis, induratis. Calyx basi villosus, ungues toraentosi, larainis breviter bar- batis. Stylus ipsa basi et tertia parte superiore glabris. Stigma clavato-ovale. Nux ovata, cortice albo nitente tenuissirao; denudata fusca, basi parurn incrassata, stylo diu terrainata. 6. N. crithmifolia, pedunculis umbellatis spicas conico- cylindraceas subaequantibus, bracteis subtendentibus ovatis acuminatis, involucris alternis : foliolis obtusis, stylis ad medium villosis, foliis divaricatis glabris. Protea Lagopus. And. Bepos. 243. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. D. Niven. [is? (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Obs. Nirais affinis P. spicato, et forte hand distincta species : differt tamen foliis divaricatis; lacinulis latioribus, sursum paulo dilatatis; bracteis pedunculi paucioribus parilmque angustioribus ; spicis pedunculo vix longioribus ; involucris magis distinctis, foliolis obtusioribus tomento arete adpresso ; styli dimidio superiore glabro. 7. N. media, spicis cylindraceis pedunculo quater longi- oribus, bracteis subtendentibus capitulorum lanceolato- subulatis, involucris inferioribus subdistinctis : foliolis ovatis acutis apice imberbibus, stylo infra medium pubescenti, foliis glabris, ramis tomentosis. Protea spicata. And. Bepos. 234 ? Hab. In Africae Australis montibus, frequens. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex 6 — 8 pedes altus {Niven). Bami um- bellati, stricti, tomento tenuissimo cinerascentes. Folia erecta, sesquiuncialia ; inferiora biternata et subtriternata ; superiora trifida, laciniis lateralibus subsin^)licibus. Pe- dunculi terminales, soUtarii, vix unciales, villosi, bracteis lanceolatis, sparsis, erectis, tomentosis. Spica 3 — 5 uncias longae, involucris dif?tinctis, tamen approximatis, foliolis 8 lU ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. Ml hJ acutissimis, tomento arete adpresso. Calyx tubo to- mentoso, involucre fere ter longiore ; laminis villis brevi- bus, sericeis, subdecurabentibus, barbatis. 8tylm vix ultra unam tertiam a basi pubescens. Stigma gracile, clavatum, 8. N. Lagopus, snicis subsessilibus cylindraceis, capitulis imbricatis : bracteis subtendentibus lanceolato-subulatis : 138] involucri subrotunais apice acuto barbato, stylo infra medium pubescente, foliis adultis glabris : junioribus ra- mulisque pilosis. Protea Lagopus. Thunb. Diss. n. 10.* Willd. Sp. PL I, p. 510. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. Gul. Roxbury/t, M.D. (V. s.) Desc. Frutex erectus. Bami umbellati. Folia vix sesquiuncialia, modice patentia, biternata. Spica solitariae, densae, 2 — 4 unciales, pedunculo quandoque semunciali, saepe brevissimo v. nuUo. Bractea subtendentes apice barbatae. Calyx unguibus tomentosis, laminis barbatis, villis longis, numerosis, patulis. Stylus vix ad medium pubescens, Stigma ovali-clavatum. *9. N. mollissima, spicis peduncuios vix aequantibus, foliis sericeis triternatis (uncialibus), calycis unguibus tomentosis : laminis barbatis. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. B. Joh. Roxburgh. (v. s. in Herb. Banks., Lambert., Soc. Linn.) De'^c. Frutex erectus, tomentosus, incanus. Bami ra- mulique tomento arete adpresso. Folia mollissima, pro- funde trifida, laeinulis fastigiatis. Pedunculi terminales, subsolitarii, foliis breviores. Spic€B subovatae, capitulis inferioribus distinctis, bracteis ovatis acutis, involucri similibus, utrisque tomentosis, imberbibus. Calycis ungues involucre fere ter longiores. Stylus infra medium pu- bescens. Stigjna gracile. Nux ovata, cuticula alba ni- tente tenuissime pubescente, basi incrassata styli diu coronata; involucri foliolis coriaceo-induratis, parumque auctis, demiim patulis cincta. ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JU8SIEU. 115 *10. N. capitata^ capitulo communi globoso subsessili, unguibus laminisque calycis barbotis, foliis semunciali- [iso bus : ramulomin inferioribus glabris. Hab. In Africse Austraiis raontosi8, near Brant-iiy's Hill. Gul. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Banks., Lam- bert., Soc. Linn.) Desc. Fruteas erectus, tripedalis et ultra. Rami um- bellati, ultimi tomentosi. Folia biternata, canaliculata, superiora ramulorum sericea. Capitula comraunia vix magnitudine cerasi nigri, pauciflora, quandoque aggregata breviterque pedunculata. Involucrum foliolis lanceolato- ovatis, acutis. Stylus medio pubescens, iitroque fine glaber. Stigma ovali-clavatum. 10. SOROCEPHALUS. Spatallse sp. Salisb. Par ad. Char. Gen. Calya) quadrifidus, sequalis, totus deciduus. Stigma verticale, clavatum. Nuos ventricosa, brevissime pedicellata v. basi emarginata. Involucrum subsimplici serie 8 — 6-phyllura, definite pauciflorura v. uniflorum : fructiferum non mutatum. Receptaculum epaleatum. Habitus. Frutices. Ratnis virgatis. Folia sparsa, Jili- formia v. plana, indivisa, infima rariits bipinnatifida . In- volucra subsesailia, unibracteata, in spicam capituliformem basi nunc bracteis imbricatis subtensam, congesta. Flores purpurascentea. Etym. ffwpoc cumulus, et /ce^aX*? caput; ob capitula congesta. Obs. Genus complectens phalanges duas facie et struc- ture parum diversas, quarum prima habitu et inflorescentia Spatalla proxima, diversa tamen stigmate verticali, calyce- que semper regulari : secunda e speciebus inter se con- venientibus capitulo communi involucrato, sed discre- pantibus numero floruni foliolorumque involucri partialis, nee non foliis in quibusdam filiformibus, in aliis planis, et in unica dimorphis instar Niveniae : fructus in hujus [iw 116 ON THE PROTEACE^ OF JUSSIEU. sectionis duabus speciebus tantummodo observatus, in altera (foliis filiformibus) brevissime pedicellatus, basi obsolete emarginata, tenuissime pubescens ; in altera (foliis planis) glaberrimus, sessilis, basi augustata, profunde emarginata. f SpicsL nudiuscula. Involucra 1 — ^-Jlora. "Nux brevissime pedicellaia, 6asi integrd. EoUajili/orniia, indivisa. *1. S. setaceus, involucris iinifloris, foliis setaceis in- curvis (uncialibus) ramulisque hirsutis. Hab. In Africa Australi. Gnl. Moxhurgh, M:D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex erectus. Rami virgati, stricti, umbellati. Folia frequentia, vix sesquiuncialia, mucrone setaceo, spha- celato: inferiora rainiis incurva. Capitulum teraiinale, sessile, ovatum, magnitudine cerasi nigri. Calyx ungiiibus laxius toraentosis; laminis barbatis. Stigma conico- ovatum. : i *2. S. salsoloides, involucris unifloris, foliis triquetro- flliformibus incurvis (semiincialibus) glabris. Hab. In Africa Australi. GuL Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex erectus, ramosissimus. Rami glabri, ramuli tenuissime pubescentes. Folia frequentia, semi- teretia, supra sulcata, mucrone acuto subconcolori. Capi- tulum terminale, sessile, ovatum, vix magnitudine cerasi nigri, bracteolis paucis, brevissimis, lanceato-linearibus, subtensum. Calyx barbatus, villis brevibus. Stigma erectum v. parura inclinans. *3. S. imberbis, involucris trifloris, laminis calycis acuminibusque bractearum glabris. 141] Hab. In Africa Australi. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex erectus, ramosissimus. Ramuli pubes- centes. Folia glabra, uncialia, modice patentia, parum incurva, supra sulcata, acute mucronata. Capitulum ON THE PROTEACEvE OP JUSSIEU. 117 terminale, breviter peduuculatum, subglobosum, magni- tudine cerasi nigri. BractecB lanceolatae, ciliatae, acumine subulate, glabro. Calycia ungues barbati. Stylus strictus. Stigma ovato-clavatum j aequale. *4. S. spatalloides, involucris trifloris subpedicellatis, calycis laminis barbatis. Hab. In Africa Australi; prope Franche-hoek. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. See. Linn., et D. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutew erectus. Rami umbeliati, tenuissime pubescentes. Folia uiodice patentia, pariim incurva, vix uncialia, juniora pilosa. Capitula solitaria v. 2 — 3 aggre- gata, breviter pedunculata, ovata v. oblonga, magnitudine avellanae. Bracteoi lanceolata3, acuta?, pubescentes, apice quaudoque giabriusculo. Calycis laminse longius barbatae. Stylus apice saepiiis iucurvo, modo rectiusculo. Stigma styli hamati parum insequalej rectiusculi sequilaterale, ovatum. ff Spica subinvolucrata. Involucra 4 — %-flora. Nux basi emarginaid, *5. S. tenuifolia, foliis filiformibus (serauncia brevioribus), capitulis paucifloris, calycis laminis plunioso-barbatis : in- teriori nudiuscula. Hab. In Africa? Australis montosis ; in humidis prope Breede River. B. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex 3 — 4 pedes altus {Niven), facie Spatalla proliferee. Rami glabri, rubicundi, vestiti ; rarauli villosi- usculi. Folia imbricata, scabriuscula, mucrone acuto; [143 juniora hirsuta. Capitulum. commune terminale, sessile, magnitudine pisi, e partialibus 2 — 4 compositum. In- volucra partialia subimbricata, foliolis lanceolatis, barbatis, apice giabriusculo. Calyx profunde quadrifidus, aequalis. Stylus strictus. Stigma aequilaterale, erectum, ovatum. 6. S. lanatus, foliis triquetro-filiformibus (semuncia longioribus) supra sulcatis, capitulis multifloris, calycis laminis omnibus plumoso-barbatis. Protea lanata. Thunb. Diss. n. 30,* t 3. Prod. 26. 118 ON THE PROTEACE^ OF JU88IEU. Willd. Sp. PI. 1, p. 519. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, p. 653. Hab. In Africae Australis montosis. Swartland. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Frulex erectus. Rami subumbellati, stricti, vestiti, tenuissim^ pubescentes. Folia inibricata, 6 — 8 lineas longa. Capitulum terminale, solitarium, sessile, globosum, magnitudine avellanse majoris : partialia den- sissime congesta, 5 — 8-flora: Involucria 6 — 7-phyllis, foliolis augusto-lanceolatis, barbatis. Cali/x profundi 4-fidus, aequalis. Stylus strictns. Stigma ovatum, sequi- laterale, stylo fere dupld crassius. Nux brevissime pedi- cellata basique leviter emarginata, tenuissime pubescens, cortice tenui, mgosiusculo, fusco. Obs. Variat foliis subtus triquetris teretibusque, sca- briusculis et Isevibus. r/; 7. S. imbricatus, foliis lanceolatis subtus scabris, un- guibus calycis glanduloso-pilosis, stigmate clavato. Protea imbricata. Thunb. Diss. w. 45, ^. 5. Prod. 27. Zinn. Suppl. 116.* Lam. Illust. Gen. l,p. 235, n. 1222. Willd. Sp. PI. I, p. 527. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. b,jj. 643. j^nd. Bepos. 527. 143] Hab. In Africje Australis montibus. (v. s. in Herb, var. et v. in Hort. D. Hibbert.) Desc. Fi'utex erectus. Bami elongati, stricti. Folia imbricata, subtiis convexiuscula venoso- striata, supra con- caviuscula Isevia, unguicularia, mucrone incurvo. Capi- tulum. terminale, sessile, subovatum, solitarium, v. e. 2 — 3 aggregatis compositum. Involucrum commune polyphyl- lum, imbricatum, capitulo brevius; foliolis lanceolatis, niembranaceis, coloratis, scabriusculis. Involucra partialia ssepiiis quadriflora, tetraphylla ; foliolis lanceolatis, hirsutis. Caiyw tubo gracili, laminis barbatis. Ovarium barbatum. Stylus strictus. Stigma elliptico-clavatum, hinc gibbosius- culum. Nim glaberrima, nitens, fusca, oblonga, basi angustata concolori emarginata. *8. S. diver sifolius, foliis spathulato-lanceolatis subtus ON THE PROTF,AC£/E OF JUSSIEU. 119 Isevibus : infimis bipinnatifidis, unguibus laminisque calycia barbatis, stigmate cylindraoeo. Hab. In Africse Australis raontibus saxosis, prope Goud Rivier. D. Niven. (v. 8. in Herb. Banks., Lambert., et Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex erectus, glaber, bipedalis usque orgyalis, indivisus, v. bifidus, strictus, crassitie pennae olorinse, supra pubescens. Folia infima trifido-bipinnatifida, canaliculata, biuncialia; reliqua inibricata, obtusiuscula, parura concava, vix semunciftlia. Capitulum terminale, solitariuni, sessile, ovatum, obtusum, raagnitudine pruni rainoris. 11. SPATALLA. Saliab. Farad. Char. Gen. Calyw quadrifidus, lacinia interiore (in plerisque) majore, totus deciduus. Stigma obliquura, dila- tatum. Nux ventricosa, brevissime pedicellata. Invohi- crum simplici serie 2 — 4-phyllum, uniflorum v. definite nu paucifloruni. Beceptaculum epaleatura. Habitus. Frutices. Folia sparsa, jiliformia, indivisa. Involucra terminaHa^ spicata v. racemosa, tmibracteaia, fructifera haudmutata. Flores purpurascentes. Anthera lacinia majoria calyd% proportionatiiii major, et in quihus- dam unica/ertilis. t Involucra uniflora. Stigma eoncavum, cocMeariformt. Calyx inaqutUit. *1. S. mollis, involucro diphyllo : foliolis integerrimis, foliis strictis ramulisque villosis. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. B. Joh. Roxburgh. (v. s. in Herb. Lambert.) Desc. Frutex erectus, ramosissimus. Mami rubicundi, ramuli graciles, erecti. Folia erecto-patentia, 7 — 8 lineas longa, callo acutissimo, villis modice patentibus sericea. 8pica sessilis, erecta, solitaria, oblongo-cylindracea, densa, racemosa, vix uncialis. Bractea foliacese, pedicellis duplb 120 ON THE PROTEACKiB OF JU88IEU. longiores. Involucrum foliolia ovatis, villosis, exteriore latiore. Califx dense barbatus, lamina laciniae majoris villis marginalibus inflexis. Squamula hypogyna quatuor, line- ares, persistentcs. *2. S. pedunculata, involucro diphyllo: foliolo latiore tridentato, spicfi inibricata, pedunculo foliis longiore tri- quetris incurvis basi attenuatis, bracteis sericeis involucro brevioribus. Hab. In Africae Auatralis montibus. Kleine-Hoot- Hoek. Gul. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex erectus, raniosissimus, foliis ramisque adultis glabris, junioribus sericeis. Folia freqiientia, fere uncialia,basi attenuata,erecta, supra patentia,falcato-incurva, 115] callo apicis obtusiusculo. Pedunculi sesquiunciales, solitarii, sericei ; bracteis alternis, subulatis. Spica cylin- dracea, pedunculo vix longior ; pedicellis, involucris, caly- cibusque sericeis. *3. S. nivea, involucro diphyllo: foliolo latiore triden- tato, spica imbricata, pedunculo foliis rectiusculis acutissimis breviore, bracteis foliaceis villosiusculis involucra aequan- tibus. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. D. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex erectus, ramosissimus, ramis foliisque adultis glabris, novellis sericeis. Folia uncialia, leviter in- curva, V. rectiuscula, basi pariim attenuata. Pedunculi solitarii, subsericei, bracteis alternis subulatis. Spica ses- quiuncialis, pedunculo duplo longior. Involucri foliolum exterius profunde tridentatum, dente intermedio angustiore. Caltfcis laminae villis brevibus, patulis, niveis barbatse. *4. S. ramulosa, involucro diphyllo: foliolo latiore tri- fido, spica subsessili imbricata, bracteis superioribus longi- tudine pedicellorum, foliis acute mucronatis. Protea foliis setaceis, floribus racemosis. Hort. Cliff. 496? Leucadendrou racemosum. Linn. Sp. PI ed. i,j». 91? ON THE PROTEACE^ OP JU88IEU. 121 ed. '\\,p. 194? Bert/. Act. Stockh. 1766, j». 325.* Per^. Cap. p. 23.* Protea racemosa. Thunh. Diss. n. 21*? Prod. 26? Hab. In Africa) Australis montibus. Roode Zant Kloof, (v. 8. in Herb. Banks., Soc. Linn.) I)e8C. Frutex erectus, ramosissimus ; ramis virgatis fili- formibus, foliisque adultis giabris, novellis sericeis. Folia frequentia, modice patcntia, partimque incurva, basi atte- nuate, vix uncialia, supra canaliculata, subttia convexa, callo acuto mucronifornii. 8pica terminalis, breviter pedun- [!«» culata, cylindracea, uncialis, sesquiuncialis, densa, subrace- mosa, floribus omnibus imbricatis, ramulo uno alterove sericeo brevi, ssepissira^ stipata. Bradece omnes pedicellos pariter tonientosos aequantes. Involucrum lacinia media labii majoris angustiore, CaJyx breviter denseque barbatns, villis marginalibus, laminae majoris arete inflexis. Stigma cochleariforme, papilla centrali. *5. S. laxa, involucro diphyllo : foliolo latiore trifido, racemo subpedunculato laxiusculo, bracteis superioribus pedicello brevioribus. Hab. In Africse Australis montibus. Kleine-Hoot- Hoek. Gid. Roxburgh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Banks., Lambert., Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex erectus, 4 — 6 pedalis, {Niven) ramosus. Bami graciles, virgati, rubicundi, ramuU subsericei. Folia patenti-erecta, leviter incurva, v. rectiuscula, basi attenuata, callo apicis acutiusculo, v. obtusiusculo, uncialia, inferiora glabra, superiora sericea. Bacemi breviter pedunculati, solitarii, erecti, sesquiunciales, ramulo brevi quandoque stipati. Bractece tomentosae, pedicellis fructiferis breviores ; inferiores floriferorura subaequantes. Involucra vix longi- tudine pedicellorum, sericea, fructifera labio majore tripar- tito, lacinia intermedia angnstissima. Nux ovata, sub- sessilis, sericea, involucro persistenti duplo longior stylo curvato diii coronata, basi barbata pilis strictis. *6. S. bracteata, involucro diphyllo : foliolo latiore pro- funde trifido, spica pedunculata imbricata, bracteis teretibus ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JISSIBU. involuc ra pedicellata supcrantibus, foliis incurvis (uncialibus) glabriiiHculis. U7] Protea racemosa. Linn. Mant. 187? {Herb. Linn.) Hab. In Africa) Auatralis montibus. Franclie lloek. (v. 8. in Herb. Banks., Lambert., Soc. Linn.) Db8(\ Frutecc erectus, 6 — 7 pedalis, {Niven) ramo- sissimus, ramulis ultimis sericeis. Folia e basi attenuatu, adpressb, supra patentia, et falcato- v. sigmoideo-curvata, callo obtusiusculo, adulta glabra, recentiora sericea, (|uando' que sesquiuncialia. Pedunctdi terminales, solitarii, spicti sesquiunciali breviores. Pedicelli imbricati, inferiores involucra flcquantes, superiores iisdem parura breviores. Involucra sericea, labio majore saepe tripartite. Calyw unguibus tomento adpresso ; laminis barbatis villis modicu patentibus, imarginalibus baud inflexis. *7. S. sericea, involucre diphyllo: foliolo latiore tri- partito, spica sessili iinbricata : bracteis involucra sub- sessilia sequantibus, foliis semuncialibus ramulisque sericeis. Had. In Africa) Australia nvontibus. Gul. Roxhuryh, M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutcv erectus, ramosissiraus. Rami ramulique virgati, stricti, hi sericei, illi glabri. Folia frequentia, ira- bricata, patenti-erecta, rectiuscula v. leviter incurva, supra obsoletissime sulcata. Spica aolitarije, vix unciales. In- volucra labio majore laciniis subulatis, media augustiore. Calyx unguibus tomentosis, laminis barbatis. 8. S. proliff'ra, involucro tetraphyllo : foliolis apice sphacelatis, spica conico-capitata : floribus subsessilibus. Protea proUfera. T/iunb. Diss. n. 27,* tab, 4. Frod. 26. Linn. Suppl. 118. Lam. lllust. Gen. 1, p. 238, n. 1233. Willd. Sp. PI. 1. jo. 618. PoireU Encyc. Botan. 5,jo. 654. M8j Hab. In Africse Australis montibus. Hottentots- Holland : Roode Zant. (v. s. in Herb. Banks., Lambert., Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex erectus, sesquipedalis, bipedalis, ramo- sissimus. Mami ramulique umbellati, hi subsenpei, illi ON THE PROTBACEiC OF JU88IEU. 198 rubicundi glabriusculi. Folia itnbricata, conforta, vix un- guicularia, ramulorum recentiorum sericea. Spica sessilis. liractea foliaceaj. Involucri foliola subulata, demtini glabriuscula. Calyx densisainie barbatus, villis brevibus sericeis ; lamind, interiori duplu tnajori, villis marginalibiis arctu inflexis. Stigma planiusculum, papilla centrali. Squamula hypogyna quatuor, lineari-subulatec. *9. ^.pyramidalia, involucro tetraphyllo : foiiolis acumi- natis pedicellos subeequantibus, spica erecta solitarid sessili oblongo-pyramidali foliis semuncinlibus duplu longiore. IIab. In Africa) Australis montibus, prope Zwelletidam. Gul. Boxhurgh^ M.B. (v. s. in Herb. Lambert, et Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex erectus, ramosissimus, ramis ramiilisque umbellatis, pubescentibus. Folia confertissima, modice patentia, stricta v. parum incurva, villosiuscula, callo acuto, inucroniformi. /S^«ca densa, subuncialis. Bracteaio\\n,cGdd, involucra a}quantes. Jnvolucra pubescentia, foiiolis e latiore basi subulatis, apice patulis, exteriori pariira an- gustiore. Calyx lamina interiori parum niajori, villis marginalibus simplicibus. Stigma concavura, papilla centrali. Squamula hypogyna lineari-subulatse. Jtecej^ta' culum barbatum. *10. S.joo/j/5^a(?Ayfl, involucro tetraphyllo: foiiolis apice patulis, spicis nutantibus aggregatis pedunculatis, foliis uncialibus curvatis. Hab. In Africae Australis montibus. Gul. Roxburgh, [i« M.D. (v. s. in Herb. Lambert, et Soc. Linn.) Desc. Frutex erectus, ramosissimus. Rami ramulique urabellati, rubicundi, ultimi pubescentes. Folia conferta, patula, subsigmoideo-curvata, villosa, mucrone acutissimo, novella sericea. Spica 4 — 6, reflexae, sesquiunciales, brevi- ter pedunculatae, ramulis umbellatis longioribus stipatae. Bractea pedicellis ter longiores. Involucra foiiolis sub- aequalibus, concavis, lanceolato-subulatis, acuminatis. Calyx suboequalis. Stigma planiuscidum, papilla centrali. Nux brevissime pedicellata, tenuissime pubesceus. t 124 ON THE PROTEACEiB OF JUSSIEU. tt Inrolucra 3 — ii-flora. Stigma convexiuseulum. Calyx subaqualis. 11. S. incurva, spicis raceraosis subpedunculatis, bracteis involucro tomentoso (sub-4-floro) brevioribus, foliis inciirvis, calycibus inaequalibus. a. Spica3 sfepe aggregatae. Bracteae pedicellos sub- aequantes. Folia fere uncialia, inferiora ramulorum glabra. Protea inciirva, Thunh. Diss. n. 22,* tab. 3, bona. fFilld. Sp. PL \,p. 516. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, j». 652. /3. Spicae solitarise. Bractea? pedicellos superantes. Folia semuncialia, fere omnia ramulorum sericea. Hab. In Africa) Australis arenosis humidis subumbrosis ; Roode Zant Cascade, (v. s. a. in Herb. Banks., Lambert., Soc. Linn. ; ^. in Herb. Hibbert.) Obs. I. Calyx inajqualis. Stigma planiusculum, papilla centrali. Obs. II. /3. Forsan distincta species : Foliis confertissimis, pedicellis involucro fere dimidio brevioribus. 160] *12. S.propinqiia, spica subpedunculata, bracteis sub- nlatis foliaceis involucra subsessilia tomentosa subbiflora aequantibus, foliis semuncialibus strictis ramulisque villosis, calycibus subaequalibus. Hab. In Africa Australi. A. Auge. (v. s. ia Herb. Banks.) Obs. Spica biuncialis. Pedicelli brevissimi. Nux pedicello manifesto, glabro, tenuissime pubescens. ]3. S. caudata, spica sessili, bracteis involucrisque ovato- lanceolatis glabriusculis ciliatis, foliis glabris acutis. Protea caudata. Thunh. Bisd. sec. ic. tab. 2. Hab. In Africa Australi; prope Palmetta River. Z>. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Desc. Frutew erectus, ramosissimus ; ramis umbellatis glabriusculis. Folia vix semuncialia, supra canaliculata, acuta, stricta. Spica saepe aggregatae, cylindracese, densae, uncialcs, quandoque biunciales. Involucra subsessilia, ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JU8SIEU. 125 ssepiiis triflora. Calyx subaequalis, barbatus. Stigma convexura. Nux tenuissime pubescens. 14. S. TJmnhergii^ spica sessili, bracteis involucrisque ovato-lanceolatis villosis, foliis calyce longioribus acutis canaliculatis ramisque pilosis. Protea caudata. Thunh. Diss. n. 23,* secund. descript. Hab. In Africae Australis montosis. D. Niven. (v. s. in Herb. Hibbert.) Desc. Frutex erectus, raraosissimus. Folia vix sera- iincialia, conferta, imbricata, stricta v. parilm incurvti. Spica cylindracea, densa, uncialis, sesquiuncialis. In- volucra brevissime pedicellata, bracteis parum longiora, villis persistentibus. Calgx subaequalis, laminis brevissime [ibi barbatis, subsericeis. Stigma convex um. Nux tenuissime pubescens, pedicello brevissimo, crasso, glabro. *15. S. brevifolia, foliis calyce brevioribu-? obtusiusculis subsericeis triquetris, spicis densis, bracteis involucrisque pubescentibus. Hab. In Africae Australis montosis. D. Masson. (v. s. in Herb. Banks, et D. Alton.) Desc. Frutex erectus, ramis umbellatis, virgatis, pu- bescentibus. Folia subtriquetra, supra canaliculata, patenti- erecta, villosiuscula, subtrilinearia. Spica solitaria, sessilis, uncialis, sesquiuncialis, rachi pedicellis bracteisque pubes- centibus. BractecB e basi membranacea, lanceolata, sub- ulatap. Involucra brevissime pedicellata, 2 — 3 -flora. Calgx sequalis. Stigma convexum, papilla elevatiore. Squamula hgpoggna quatuor subulatae. 12. ADENANTHOS. Labill Nov. Holl. I, p. 28. Char. Gen. Calgx quadrifidus, infrii circumscissus. Sqtiamula quatuor hypogynae, basi persistenti calycis adnatae. wmmmmm 126 ON THE PROTEACEiB OF JUSSIEU. Pistillum calyce longius. Stigma verticale. Nux ventri- cosa. Involucruni uniflorura, imbricatum, 4 — 8-phyiium. Habitus. Frutices. Folia sparsa, in diversis varia. Flores axillares, solitarii, rubioundi ; rarb ierminales, sub- aggregati, lutescentes. 1. A. obovata, foliis obovatis integerrimis glabris. Adenanthos obovata. Labillard. Nov. Holl. 1, p. 29,* tab. 37. Hab. In collibus saxosis orae australis Novae HoUandise ; Lewins Land, (ubi v. v.) iss] 2. A. cuneata^ foliis cuneatis sericels apice dentato- crenato. Adenanthos cuneata. Labillard. Nov. Holl. I_^'j. 28,* tab. 36. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : prope littora. (ubi v. v.) 3. A. sericea, foliis filiformibus biternatis sericeis, floribus axillaribus solitariis, stylo glabro. Adenanthos sericea. Labillard. Nov. Holl. 1, p. 29,* tab. 38. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in arenosis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) 4. A. terminalis, fohis filiformibus trifidis : laciiuis lateralibus bifidis intermedia indivisa, floribus terminabl>ui solitariis ternisve, stylo villoso. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi. Flinders' Land : in depressis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) 13. SIMSIA. Char. Gen. Cdya; tetraphyllus, regularis, laminis re- flexis. Stamina exserta. Antherce tandem liberae, primo cohaerentes, lobis proximis vicinarura loculura constituenti- bus. Stigma dilatatum, concavum. Nux obconica. ON THE PROtEACEiE OF JU&SIEU. 127 Habitus. Frutices humiles, glahri. Folia alterna, Jili- formia, dichotoma, petioH hasi dilatatd. Capitula glohosa, parvay terminalia, racemosa, v. panic:. lata, involucro brevi V. nullp. Flosculi^au^, glahri, unibracieati. I have named this genus in honour of Dr. John Sims, the respectable editor of the ' Botanical Magazine/ *1. S. tenuifolia, capitulis nudis, paniculae ramis sub- unifloris bracteolatis. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora australi : Lewins ass Land ; ad latera saxosa collium. (ubi v. v.) *2. S. anethifolia, capitulis involucratis bracteolis imbri- catis, paniculae ramis multifloris : ramulis capitula sub- aequantibus. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi : Lewins Land ; in arenosis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) 14. CONOSPERMUM. Smith, Linn. Trans, vol. 4. Exot. Bot. p. 198, t, 215. Gcert, Carp. 3, Char. Gen. Calyx tubulosus, ringens, lacinia suprema basi fomicata. Anthera tres, inclusae, laterales dimidiatae, superior biloba: primo cohaerentes, lobis proximis vicina- rum loculum constituentibus. Stigma liberiun. Nuw ob- conica, papposa. Habitus. Frutices. Folia sparsa, integerrima, plana, rariusve filiformia. Spicae axillarea v. terminates, composites, sensim florentes, hinc corymbosce. Flores solitarii, sessiles, unibracteati, albi v. carulescentes ; Calyce deciduo ; Bractea cucullatd pel sistenti. Obs. Jussieu and Ventenat have referred this genus to the natural order Thjineleae ; but that it is a genuine Pro- teacea, as Dr. Smith has considered it, is proved by the erect embryo, the terminal style, and the aestivation of the Calyx J and is rendered evident by its affinity to Simsia, 128 ON THE PROTEACE^ OF JUSSIEU. ) . which, with the more usual appearance of this order, agrees with Conospermutn in the structure of its Antherge. f Calycis lacinice acuta, tubo vix longiores, Couosperma vera. 1. C. ellipticum, foliis ovali-oblongis obtusis mucronu- latis aveniis, pedunculis axillaribus. 164] Conospennum ellipticum. Smith in Bees, Cyclop. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora orientali, prope Port Jackson ; in ericetis aridis. (ubi v. v.) 2. C. taxifolium,i^\\^ lanceolato-linearibus aciitis raucro- natis tenuissime pubescentibus verticalibus, basi tortis, pedunculis axillaribus. Conospermum taxifolium. Smith in Bees, Cyclop. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora orientali, prope Port Jackson ; in ericetis. (ubi v. v.) 3. C. ericifolium, foliis subulato-filiformibus iinbricatis, spicis axillaribus pedunculo brevioribus. Conospermum ericifolium. Smith in Bees, Cyclop. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora orientali, prope Port Jackson ; in ericetis. (ubi v. v.) 4. C. lonyifolium, foliis oblongis linearibusve planis venosis, pedunculisque elongatis scapiformibus, corymbis decompositis, calycis limbo extiis pubescenti tubum vix sequante. Conospermum longifolium. Smith, Exot. Bot. 2, p. 45, t. 82. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora orientali, prope Port Jackson j in ericetis collibusque saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *5. C. tenuifolium, foliis lineari-filiforraibus subcanali- culatis aveniis, pedunculisque elongatis scapiformibus, corymbis subsimplicibus, calycis limbo extiis pubescenti tubo longiore. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora orientali, prope Port Jackson ; in collibus arenosis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) I: 1 ON THE PROTEACE/E OP JUSSIEU. 129 *6. C. caruleum, foliis oblongis lanceolatisve planis venosis, pedunculisque elongatis scapiformibus, corymbis [ibs compositis, calycis limbo glaberrimo tubo longiore. Hab. In Nova? HoUandise ora australi : Lewins Land, (ubi V. V.) ft Calycis lacinia caudata. Ciiilurus. *7. C. teretifolium, foliis teretibus pedunculisque elon- gatis, corymbis compositis. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in coUibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *8. C. caj)itatum, foliis linearibus elongatis tortilibus, capitulis sessilibus e spiculis paucifloris congestis. Hab. In Novse Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in collibus apricis graminosis. (ubi v. v.) f f t Incerta tribus, *9. C. disHchum, foliis filiformibus subdistichis curvatis, spicis axillaribus indivisis. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in ericetis. (ubi v. v. flor. delaps.) 15. SYNAPHEA. Char. Gen. Calyx tubulosus, ringens, lacinia suprema latiore. Anthera tres, inclusae, laterales dimidiatae, inferior biloba : prirao cohaerentes, lobis proximis vicinaruni locu- lum constituentibus ! Stigma filamento superiori sterili connatum ! Niix obovata. Habitus. Frutices humiles. Folia sparsa, plana, pul- cherrime reticulata, circumscriptione cuneiformia, lobata, inferiora ejmdemfruticis sapius indivim : pelioli basi dila- tatd semiva^inanti. Spicae axillares v. terminales, shi" ina plices V. ramoHcB. Flores alterni, solitarii, sessiles, uni- wip*

nfvi"^wi>*mii).niippir -nwppw^ u 130 ON THE PROTEACEiB OF JUSSIEU. bradeati, Ca\yx ^avus, deciduus, quadripartibilis. Bractea cucullata, joersistena. Etym. CTvva^ij connectio, ob peculiarem cohaerentiam stigmatis v. apicis styli cum filamento sterili. *1. S. favosa, foliis oblongo-cuneiformibus indivisis tri- lobisque : lobis integris, petiolis spicisque glabris, sti^mate bicorni. Hab. In Novae Hollandise ora australi ; Lewins Land : in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) 2. S. dilatata, foliis apice dilatatis trilobis: lobis inciso- dentatis, petiolis spicisque villosis, stigmate bicorni. Conospermum reticulatum. Smith in Bees, Cyclop. Hab. In Novae Hollandise ora australi; Lewins Land: in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *3. S. petiolaris, foliis rameis petiolos subsequantibus tripartitis : lobis divisis planis ; infimis trilobis integrisque, spicis elongatis ramosis, stigmate acuto. Poly podium spinulosum. Burm.Ind.p. 233, t. ^l,f. 1, vel ad banc v. ad plantam congenerem pertinere videtur. Hab. In Novae Hollandise ora australi; Lewins Land : in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *4. S. polymorpha, foliis rameis brevissime petiolatis tripartitis canaliculatis : lobis subdivisis ; infimis indivisis trilobisque, spicis simplicibus pedunculo longioribus, stig- mate acuto. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) [i I 187] 16. FRANKLANDIA. Char. Gen. Calyx hypocrateriformis, limbo quadri- partito, piano, deciduo, tubo persistenti. Anthera inclusae, calyci adnatse ! Squama hypogynae, in vaginam connatae. Nffw fusiforrais, pedicellata, apice dilatato papposo. ON THE PROTEACEJ: of JUSSIEU. 181 Habitus. Frutex glaher. Folia alterna, filiformia^ dichotoma. Spicae accillares, indivisa, jloribus alternisy unibracteatis, sordide flavis. Pollen spharicum. Cotyle- dones brevissima ! This genus is named in honour of Sir Thomas Frankland, Baronet, to whom English botany is much indebted, and whose valuable observations and excellent figures of sub- marine plants it is hoped he may be induced to communi- cate to the public. *Fr AN K L A NDI A /?/C2/b/m. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in ericetis humidis. (ubi v. v.) 17. SYMPHIONEMA. Char. Gen. Calyx regularis, tetraphyllus, basi cohaerens, medio staminifer. Filamentn apice cohaerentia ! Anthera distinctae. Glandulce nullae hypogynae. Ovarium di- Sliffma subtruncatum. Nux monosperma, spermum. cylindracea. Habitus. glandulosis Suffrutices v. Herbae glabrae, pilisve raris Folia tripartita, lobis divisis ; inferiora op- posita ! Spicas terminates et e smnmis alis, simplices. Flores alterni, sessiles, nnibracteati. Calyx ^avus, deciduus. Bracteae cucullafa, persistentes. *1. S. pahdosum, laciniis foliorum subulatis semi- ass teretibus, rachibus bracteisque glaberrimis. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in ericetis paludosis. (ubi v. v.) < *2. S. montamm, laciniis foliorum planis linearibus uninervibus, rachibus bracteisque pubescentibus pilis glandulosis brevissimis. Hab. In Novae HoUandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in rupibus humidis. (ubi v. v.) 132 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. 18. AGASTACIIYS. Char. Gen. Calyx reguhiris, tetraphyllus, l)nsi cohserens, medio staminifer. Filamenta distincta. Glandtila iiullae hypogynae. Ovarium sessile, nionospermum, trigonum. Stigma iinilaterale. Habitus. Fnitex glaherrimus. Folia sparm, inteperrhna, plana. Spica3 nnmeroscB, tcrminales fit e summis alis, sim- plices. FJores alterni^ sessites, vnihracteati. Calyx Jta- vescens, deciduus. Pistilluni staminibus breviiis. Bracteae cncullatae , persistentes. Etym. o-yaffTo^uc spicis abiuidans. *Agastachys odorata. Hab. In InsulfB Diemen plngis anstralioribtis ; prope Adventure Bay : ubi primuni a D. Nelson detecta, nuperiiis lecta a D. G. Caley. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) 19. CENARRHENES. Lahill. Nov. IMl. \,p. 36, t. 50. Char. Gen. Calyx tetraphyllus, regularis, foliolis supra angustatis, deciduus. Stamina basi calycis inserta. Glandula 169] quatuor hypogynae, staminiformes. Ovarium sessile, monospermum. Stigma simplex. Brupa baccata. Habitus. Arbor glabra. Folia alterna ; plana, den- tato-serrata, nitida. Spicae axillares, simplices. Flores alterni, sessiles, unibracteaii. Obs. Labillardiere considers this genus as most nearly related to Lauri. Jussieu, however, has (in Annates du Museum, V. 6, p. 224) stated sufficient reasons for ex- cluding it from that order, but has not attempted to de- termine its affinity. I have ventured to place it in Pro- teaceae, from the structure of its fruit, stamina and calyx, and the only circumstance in which it differs from them, consists in its having (according to Labillardiere) four barren ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JUSSIEU. 133 stamina ; but even these occupy the place of the glands or scales usually found in the order, and the resemblance they bear to stamina in this genus, may assist in explaining their nature in all : nor does their being in most cases secreting organs render this view of their origin improba- ble ; for the function of secretion, which, as it is far from universal, must be considered as only of secondary im- portance in assisting impregnation, is more frequently accomplished by the modification of some of the usual parts of the flower than by the production of an additional organ. Cenarrhenes nitida. LahilL Nov. IIoll. 1, p. 36,* /. 50. Had. In Insula^ Diemen plagis australioribus. La- hillardiere. (v. s. cum fructu sed floribus delapsis in Herb. D. Lambert.) 20. PERSOONIA. Smith in Linn. Tram iv. GcbH. Carp. 3, p. 218, t. 220. Pentadactylon. Gart. I. c, p. 219, t. 220. Linkia. Cav. Ic. 4. Char. Gen. Calyx tetraphyllus, regularis, foliolis medio staminiferis, supra recurvis, deciduus. Stamina exserta. Glandules quatuor hypogynae. Ovarium pedicellatum, [leo 1-loculare, 1 — 2-sperraum. Stigma obtusum. Brupa baccata ; Nuce 1 — 2-loculari ! Habitus. Frutices v. Arbuscula3, cortice in quibusdam scarioso-lamelloso. Folia sparsa, integerrima, scepius plana. Pedunculi axillares, solitarii, ebracteati, v. racemosi, uni- bracteati. Flores flavi. Pedicellus ovarii in quibusdam articulatus ! Cotyledones sapius plures ! *1. P. teretifolia, foliis filiformibus exsulcis, pedunculis unifloris solitariis, antheris acuminatis, stylis ovario brevi- oribus, Hab. In Novae HoUandise ora australi ; Lewins Land : in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) 134 ON THE PROTEACEJ: OF JU881EU. *2. P. microcarpa, foliis filiformibus canaliculatis, pe- dunculis solitariis geminis ternisve, antheris muticis, stylis ovario aliquoties longioribus, stigmate cernuo. Hab. In Nova3 HollandiaB era australi j Lewins Land : in ericetis paludosis. (ubi v. v.) *3. P. pinifolia, foliis filiformibus laxis, spica foliata elongatu pyramidali: foliis floralibus abbreviatis, ovario monospernio. Hab. In Novse Hollandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in ericetis et ad ripas rivulorum. (ubi v. v.) 4. P. juniperina, foliis subulatia strictis pungentibus, pedunculis axillaribus sparsis spicisve foliatis abbreviatis, ovariis dispermis glabris. Persoonia juniperina. Labill. Nov. lloll. 1, p. 33,* tab. 45, ^ Hab. In Insula Diemen : et Novae Hollandiae ora australi, prope Port Phillip : in ericetis aridis lateribusque coUium. (ubi v. v.) 161] 5. P. hirsuta, foliis linearibus hirsutis scabris margine recurvis, pedunculis axillaribus, ovariis raonospermis sericeis. Persoonia hirsuta. Pers. Syn. I, p. 118. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in ericetis humidis. (ubi v. v.) *6. P. mollis, foliis longo-lanceolatis villosis subttis mollissimis, calycibua barbatis, ovariis dispermis glabris. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : ad ripas arenosas fluviorura. (ubi v. v.) 7. P. linearis, foliis angusto-linearibus elongatis glabris, pedunculis erectis calycibusque pubescentibus, pedicello ovarii inarticulato, caule arborescenti : cortice laevi. Persoonia linearis. A?id. Mepos. 77. Vent. Malmais. 32. Sims, Bot. Mag. 760. Pers. Syn. I, p. 118. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in campis et collibus. (ubi v. v.) ON THE PKOTEAC£iE OF JU8SIEU. 135 *8. p. lucida, foliis lanceolato-linearibus elongatis glabris, pedunculis erectis calycibusque pubescentibus, pedicello ovarii inarticulato, caiile arborescenti : cortice scarioso- lamelloso. Hab. In Novae HoUandiaj ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in montosis ad ripas fluviorum. D. Per. Bauer. (V. s.) *9. P. virgata, foliis linearibus oblongo-lincaribusve sparsis verticalibus glaberrimis margine laevibus, pedunculis erectis calycibusque glabris, caule arborescenti : cortice Isevi. Hab. In Novae nollandia3 ora orientali; prope Sandy Cape : in arenosis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) *10. P. ^e^'j/b/m, foliis lanceolato-linearibus mucronatis [isa confertis basi tortis utrinque laevibus punctis crystallinis micantibus; niarginibus scabris, calycibus glabris, caule fruticoso. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : ad latera saxosa coUium. (ubi v. v.) *11. P. scabra, foliis lineari-lanceolatis mucronatis utrinque scabris punctis crystallinis aliisque minutissimis opacis conspersis, calycibus pubescentibus. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *12. P. spathulata, foliis lanceolato-spathulatis mu- cronatis concaviusculis utrinque scaberrimis punctis crys- tallinis. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *13. P. mitanSy foliis linearibus laevibus, pedunculis axillaribus recurvis calycibusque glabris. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in sylvis solo arenoso, ad radices montium. (ubi v. v.) NATIONAL MUSEUM v\ ' 22. GUEVINA. Molin. Chit. 198. Jms. Gen. 424. Quadria. Gen. Flor. Peruv. et Chil. 16, tab. 33. Gcert. Carp. 3,jo. 220, tab. 220. Char. Gen. C^/^.i? tetraphyllus, irregularis, foliolis tribus revolutis, quarto erecto. Anthene apicibus concavis calycis immersjE. Glandula duae hypogynae, antica;. Ovarium dispermum. Stigma obliquum. Brupa putaraine osseo, monospermo. Habitus. Arbor. Folia alter na, pinnata. Racemi axil- lares^ foribus geminis, pedicellatis, paribus unibracteatis. Calyx tomentosuSf deciduus. Drupa parum carnosa, nucleo amygdalino. 196] Guevina Avellana. Molin. Chil. 198.* Nebu subrotundo fraxini folio. Feuill. S, p. 46, t. 33. ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JUSSIEU. 139 Quadria heterophylla. Flor. Perm, et Chil. 1, p. 63, /. m,f. b. Had. In sylvis et ad radices raontiuin Chileusiuru. (v. s. in Herb.. Banks, a Dombey.) wmm 23. BELLENDENA. Char. Gen. Cali/x tetraphylliis, regularis, patens. Sta- viina hypo ryna. Glamlula: nullae hypogynae. Ovarium disperniuni. Stigma simplex. Samara ? aptera, 1 — 2- sperma. Habitus. Frutex glaherrimus. Folia sparsa^ plana, apice trijida. Spica racemosa, terminalis ; Jloribus sparsis, raro geminatis. Calyx ulbns cito deciduus. Ovarium cum pcdicello 8U0 ariiculatum. Samara colorata margine altero sulcata. This genus is named in honour of John Bel lend en Ker, Esq., whose botanical merits are established by an excellent Essay on J'JnsatcB, publislied in the ' Annals of Botany,' and by his elaborate disquisitions on the Genera of that and other monocotyledonous families, in the latter volumes of the * Botanical Mngazine.' Bellendena montana. Hab. In Insula Diemen V. V.) in summis montibus. (ubi 24. ANADENIA. Char. Gen. Calyx tetraphyllus, apicibus concavis sta- miniferis. Antherce immersae. Glanduldd nullas hypogynae. Ovarium dispermum. Stigma conicum. Folliculus unilo- cularis, abortione monospermus. Semen apterum. Habitus. Frutices. {Grevilleis ajfines:) pube dum adsit medio affixd. Folia pinnatifida v. lobata, circumscriptione cuneiformia. Spicae terminales, v. latera/es, jloribus [lo? geminatis, paribus unibracteaiis, summis quandoque praco- cioribus ! 7 ' I i"iP»' wmm 140 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. Etym. o priv. et a8»)v glandula. *1. k. pulcJiella, foliis pinnatifidis pilosiusculis : lobis cuneiformibus apics trifidis v. inciso-pinnatifidis, foUiculis viscidis. Hab. In Novae Hollandiac era australi ; Lewins Land : in coUibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *2. A. trifida, foliis cimeifonuibus triplinervibus aveniis trifidis (unguicularibus) subtiis argenteis : lobis integer- rimis lateralibusve 2 — 3-deiitatis. II AB. In Novae lloUandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in sylvis solo arenoso. (ubi v. v.) Obs. Forte generis distincti, ob calycem irregularem, stigma paullo diversum, et foUiculum ligneuni bipartibilem. *3. A. ilicifoUa, foliis cuneiformibus (uncialibus) venosis subtus argenteis basi attenuatis extra medium pinnatifido- incisis. Hab. In Novae Ilollandiae ora australi ; Flinders' Land : in arenosis prope littora. (ubi v. v. floribus inexpansis absque fructu.) r. 25. GREVILLEA. Char. Gen. Cali/cV irregularis foliolis laciniisve f ecundis, apicibus cavis staminiferis. Anthera immersae. Uandula unica liypogyna, dimidiata. Ovarium dispermum. Stiffma obliquum, depressum (raro subverticale, conicum). Folli- culus unilocularis, dispermus, lociilo centrali. Semina marginata v. apice brevissimc alata. Habitus. Frutices raro Arbores, jowde dum adait medio ajfixd. Folia alterna, indivisa v . pinyiatijida. Spicae modJb elovgata racemosa, modo abbreviate corymbose v. fasciculi- 168] formes, involucro nullo, pedicellis geminatis, raro pluri- bus fasciculisve unibracteatis. Calyces sapissime rubicundi, nunc flavi ; in quibusdam oblique inserti. Folliculi vel coriacei, ovati, stylo toto coronati ; seminibus ovalibus angus- ■ ^^Aji.^^H.j.'mXh^isi^J ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUS8IEU. 141 tissime marginatis et apice brevissime alatis : vel lignei, mbrotundiy pseudo-bivalves bast tantum styli mucronati ; seminibus undique alatis. This extensive genus, of which a few of the least remarkable species have been already published as Ern- bothriums by Dr. Smith, Cavanilles, and others, I have dedicated to the Right Honourable Charles Francis Greville, one of the Vice-Presidents of the Royal Society ; a gentleman eminently distinguished for his acquirements in natural history, and to whom the botanists of this country are indebted for the introduction and successful cultivation of many rare and interesting plants. Grevillea is probably the most extensive genus of Pro- teacese in New Holland, and admits of division into several very natural sections, most of which are readily distin- guishable by more than one character, existing either in the parts of fructification or in habit; notwithstanding which, I have not ventured to separate them into distinct genera, as I probably should have done, had I been ac- quainted with fewer species ; but have given to each section a proper name, a practice that may perhaps be advan- tageously adopted in all large genera where they are thus capable of natural subdivision. It must be unnecessary to add that proper names can in this manner be given only where the sections are perfectly natural, and not in those cases where genera have been subdivided from single characters, and those too of but little importance, as in Thunberg's division of Protea, from the form and division of the leaves ; to which may be opposed the masterly [lea subdivision of the same genus previously given by Linnaeus in the Mantissa, whose sections, though apparently depend- ing on single characters, are evidently formed from a con- templation of the whole structure, as far as it was then understood ; and it is remarkable that, with the exception of the first species, with whose real structure he was neces- sarily unacquainted, the rest are arranged, and even divided into sections, in most cases corresponding with the genera proposed in the present essay. ; 1 142 ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JUSSIEU. U •f" FoUiculi coriacei, siylo toto sligmateque depresso coronati. Semina ovalia, angustissime marffinala, apiceque irevissime alata. A. LYSSOSTYLIS. Folia omnia integerrima {in plerisque marginibus refractis v. replicatis pseuflo-3- nervia). 1 lores /asciculad v. in racemo abbreviato. Stylus glaber. Folli- culus ecostatus. 1. G.punicea, foliis elliptico-oblongis basi subattenuatis marginibus refractis, ramulis floriferis raceraoque abbreviato recurvis, pistillis uncialibus, barba interiore calycis oblonga dimidiura inferiorem unguium aequante. Enibothrium sericeum /3. Smithy New Holl. 27, t. 9, /•5>^- Hab. In Nova3 HollandiEe era orientali ; prope Port Jackson : in ericetis subhumidis. (ubi v. v.) *2. G. dubia, foliis ellipticis marginibus refractis, ram is raraulisque tomentosis, floriferis racemoque abbreviato re- curvis, pistillis uncia brevioribus. Hab. In Novaj Hollandise ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in saxosis subhumidis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) Obs. Nimis affinis prsecedenti. 170] 3. G. sericea, foliis ellipticis oblongisve obtusis mucro- natis marginibus refractis, ramulis floriferis erectis, racemis abbreviatis recurvis, pistillis semuncialibus, barba interiori calycis dirnidio inferiore unguium breviore. Embothrium sericeum. Smith, New Holl. 25, t. 9,/. 1, 2, 3, 4. Willd. Sp. PL I, p. 539. And. Bepos. 100. Sims, in Bot. Mag. 862. Embothriimi cytisoides. Cav. Ic. 4, p. 60, t. 386,/. 2. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali ; prope Port Jackson : in saxosis prope littora marina et ad rivulorum ripas. (ubi v. v.) 4. G. linearis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis acutis mucronatis marginibus refractis, racemis abbreviatis erect iusculis, stylis apice glaberrimis. ^ ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JU8SIEU. 143 Embothrium linearifolium. Cavan. Ic. 4, p. 59, /. 386, /.I. Embothrium lineare. And. Bepos. 272. Embothrium sericeiim y. Smith, Neiv IIoll. 27, /. 9,/. 6. Hab. In Movae Hollandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in saxosis praesertim prope littora. (ubi v. v.) *5. G. stricta, fohis lanceolato-linearibus acutis raucro- natis marginibus refractis costaque denticulato-scabris, stylis apice sericeis. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : ad ripas saxosas fluviorura. (ubi v. v.) *6. G. riparia, foliis elongato-linearibus marginibus re- fractis costaque laevibus, stylis apice glaberrirais, pistillis quadrilinearibus : pedicello ovarium superante, barba inte- riori calycis densa. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali ; prope Port [ui Jackson: ad ripas fluviorum. (ubi v. v.) *7. G. parviflora, foliis subulato-linearibus marginibus refractis costaque laevibus, ramulis glabriusculis, calycibus ferrugineis barba interiori obsoleta, pistillis bilinearibus : pedicello ovarium vix aequante. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : in fruticetis a litto.e remotis. (ubi v. v.) *8. G.juniperina, foliis subulatis fasciculatis divaricatis marginibus refractis, ramulis villosis teretiusculis, pistillis semuncialibus pedunculo partiali quadruple longioribus. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali; prope Port Jackson: in ericetis rarius. D. G. Caley, &^ A. Gordon. (v. s.) *9. G. australis, foliis lanceolato-subulatis uncia brevi- oribus margine subrecurvis, supra pube decidaa conspersis subtiis sericeis, ramis ramulisque tomentosis ceretibus. Hab. In Insulae Diemen plagis australioribus : ad fluviorum ripas. (v. v. absque flor. v. fruct.) 1 mHiw tK^mmnM m 144 ON THE PROTEACE^ OF JUSSIEU. :l *10. G. tenuifolia, foliis subulatis margine revolutis unoiti brevioribus, fasciculis sessilibus, pistillis bilinearibus. IIab. In Insula Diemen ; prope Port Dalrymple : ad ripas saxosas fluvioriim. (ubi v. v.) *11. G. pauciflora, foliis lineari-oblongis ^Janiusculis obtusis mucronulatis supra Isevibus subtus subsericeis : in- ferioribus glabriusculis, fasciculis 2-4-fioris erectis, calycibus nudiuscrilis pistiJlum subsequantibus. Hab. Jn Novae Ilollandia) ora australi ; Flinders' ars Land: in depressis apricis prope litt .a. (ubi v. v.) *12. G. aspera, foliis lineari-oblongis obtusis mucronu- latis supra punctato-asperis subtus argenteis, racemis ab- breviatis recurvis, styli. 25, /. 535. ON THE PROTEACE^ OF JU8SIEU. 157 Conchium dacty Icicles. Vent. Malm. t. 110. Smitliy Linn. Trans. d,p. 123. Conchium nervosum. Garf. Carp. 3, /;. 217, t. 219. [in? /3. Folia lineari-lanceolata, venis obsoletis. Hab. In Novse HoUandiac ora orientali; prope Port Jackson : a. in saxosis prope littora. (5. ad ripas fliivio- rura in regione montana. (ubi v. v.) 33. H. elliptica, foliis integerrimis quinquenervibus reticulato-venosis cllipticis ovalibusve muticis, pediccllis calycibusque glabris, capsulis ecjilcaratis acutis gibbosis : cortice nitido. Conchium elhpticum. Smith, Linn. Trans, d, p. 123. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) 34. H. clavata, foliis integerrimis lingnlatis cartilagineo- carnosis mucronatis enervibus, floribus racemosis glabris, capsulis bicalcaratis. Hakea clavata. Labill. Nov. IIoll, \,p. 31,* t. 41. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in collibus saxosis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) ♦35. H. arborescens, foliis integerrimis lingulatis lineari- busve obsolete nervosis muticis, involucris nullis ! umbellis pedunculatis, pedicellis calycibusque tomentosis, capsulis ccalcaratis. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora septentrionali ; Carpen- taria : in apricis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) Obs. Species unica tropica et gemmis floralibus nudis. Vj 27. LAMBERTIA. Smith, Linn. Trans. 4, p. 214. Cavan. Ic. (S,p. 31. Char. Gen. Calyx tubulosus, quadrifidus, laciniis spi- raliter revolutis. Stamina laciniis inserta. Squamula ciss hypogynae 4, distinctac v. in vaginulam connatae. Ovarium '•l>,«PlMi,ii atf ^lm Floras coccinei, glaberrimi. 1. E. coccineum^ foliis ovali-oblongis obtusis miicronu- latis : paginis discoloribus, raniulis squamatis. Embothrium coccineura. Forst. Gen. p. 10, A S, litt. g. — tn. Linn. Stippl. 128. Forst. Com. Soc. llcg. Goett. I), p. 24. Lam. Fhicyc. Botan. 2, p. 351.* lllust. Gen. 1, p. 244, n. 1284, /. 55,/. 2. JFilld. Sp. PL \,p. 537. IIab. In America Australi ad littora frcti Magellanici, et in Terra del Fuego. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Obs. Pollen ellipticum, levissime arcuatum, extremitate utraque pellucentiore ; fovilla majusculfl, globosil. 2. E. lanceolatum, foliis lanceolato-linearibus, ramis esquamatis.t Embothrium lanceolatum. Flor. Peruv. et Chil. 1, p. 62, t. 96. Hab. In Chili collibus et montibus altis, inter Concep- tionis urbem et Arauci arcem. Flor. Peruv. I. c. 33. OREOCALLIS. Enibothrii species. Flor. Peruv. et Chil. CuAR. Gen. Calyx irregularis, hinc longitudinalitei* 166 ON THE PROTEACEyE OF JUSSIEU. !)(■■ I fissus, inde quadridentatus. Stamina apicibus concavis calycis immersa. Glandula nulla hypogyna. Ovarium pe- diccllatmn, polyspermum. Stigma obliquum, orbiciilato- dilatatuni, concaviusculum, /b///cK/«* cylindraceus. Semina apice alata. Involucrum (racemi) nullum. Habitus. Frutex speciosus. Folia sparsa, integra, paginis discoloribus. Racenms thyrsoideus, termi/ialis, paribus ji^dicellorum unibracteatis. Flores coccinei, yla- berrimi. Etym. O/ooc mons, et koXoq formosus. 197] Oreocallis grandifiora.^ Embothrium grandiflorum. Lam. Encyc. Botan. 2, p. 354.* lllust. Gen. 1, p. 244, n. 1283. Willd Sp. PL \,p. 538. Embothrium emarginatum. Flor. Peruv. et Chil.p. 62, t. 95. Hab. In Peruvian montibus ; in collibus frigidis Pro- vinciae Tarmae. Flor. Peruv. I. c. f 34. TELOPEA. Embothrii species. Smith, Salisb. Char. Gen, Calyw irregularis, hinc longitudinaliter fissus, inde quadrifidus. Stamina apicibus concavis calycis immersa. Glandula hypogyna unica, subannularis. Ova- rium polyspermum, pedicellatum. Stylus persistens. Stigma obliquum, clavatum, convexum. Folliculus uni- locularis, cylindraccus. Semina apice alata, ala hinc im- marginata inde vasculosa nervo oblique recurrenti. Invo- lucrum (racemi v. corymbi) imbricatum, deciduum. Habitus. Frutices ramis determinatis. Folia sparsa, dentata v. intcgra. Racemi terminates, corynibosi, paribus pedicellorum unibracteatis. Flores coccinei. Etym. T»jXw7roc qui e longinquo cernitur, quod de his fruticibus, floribus coccineis speciosis, valet. In this genus, as well as in Lomatia, and perhaps in all those with an indefinite number of seeds, an extremely ON THE PROTEACE^ OF JUSSIEU. 167 tliin black-browp crust is interposed between the lipe seeds, exactly correspondinf^ with them in size and form, and which is p)obably the remains of a fluid matter that had separated them in the unripe state. The most important characters distinguishing this genus from Lomatia, seem to be the single semiannular or nearly circular gland, the cohering calyx, and the vascular wing of the seed ; for the Involucrum, which at first seems to [los atiord so excellent a distinction, considerably loses its im- portance in Tehp3a truncata, in which it almost always includes the rudiments of branches, as in Hakea. In natural affinity Telopea approaches much more nearly to Oreocallis, which difters principally in having no gland at the base of the footstalk of its ovarium, and in the want of an Involucrum : the wing of the seed seems (from the figure in the Flora Peruviana) to be in like manner vascular. Embothrium itself, which is also very i:ear akin to Telopea, is distinguishable by its vertical stigma, oval pollen, and naked eorymbi. 1 . T. speciosissifiia, foliis cuneato-oblongis inciso-dentatis venosis cum ramulis involucrisque glaberrimis. Embothrium speciosissimum. Smith, New IIolL 19, t. 7. Sims, Bot. May. 112S. Embothrium speciosum. Salisb. Farad. 111. Embothrium spathuhitum. Cav. Ic. 4, p. 60, t. 388. GcBrf. Carp. 3,jo. 214, /. 218. Hab. In Novfc Ilollandiae ora orientali ; prope Port Jackson : locis saxosis, prirsertim subumbrosis. (ubi v. v.) 2. T. truncata, foliis lanceolato-oblongis integerrimis passimque paucidentatis subtus ramulisque pubescentulis, involucris extus tomentosis. Embothrium truncatum. Lahill. Nov. Roll. 1, p. 32, /. 44. Obs. Alam seminis in hac apice semper rotundatam in prsDcedenti saepius truncatam observavimus. Hab. In Insula; Diemen montibus australioribus. (ubi V. v.) . . I ^ 168 ON THE PROTEACE^ Ol JUSSIEU. 199] 35. LOMATIA. Embothrii species. Smith, Cavan. Char. Gen. Cali/a: irregularis, foliolis distiiictis secundis. Stamina apicibus concavis calycis immeisa. Glandulce hypogynae tres, secundae. Ovarium pedicellatam, poly- spermum. Stylus persistens. Stigma obliquura, dilatatum, subrotundum, planiusculum. Folliculiis ovali-oblongus. Semina apice alata ; ala marginata disco evascnloso. Habitus. Frutices. Folia alterna, in plerisque divisa, V. dentata, rarius integerrima, quandoque in eodem frutice varia. Racemi terminates, interdum axillareSy elongati, taxi, nunc abbreviati, corymbosi, paribus pedicellorum uni- bractedtis. Flores ochroleuci. Involucrum nullum. Seminis nucleus farina sulphured conspersus. Etym. \wm, margo, ob seminum alam marginatam. 1. L. *//«i/b//«, foliis bipinnatifidis glaberrimis : pinnulis cuneato-linearibus lanceolatisve incisis acutis mucronatis reticulato-venosis, racemis glaberrimis elongatis divisis Smith, New Holl 23, t. 8. simplicibusve. Embothrium silaifolium. Willd Sp. PL \,p. 537. Embothrium herbaceum. Cav. Ic. 4, jo. 60, t. 388. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora orientali ; prope Port Jackson : in campis et ericetis. (ubi v. v.) 2. L. tinctoria, foliis pinnatifidis bipinnatifidisve (rar6 indivisis) glabris : pinnulis linearibus distichis iminervibus subaveniis obtusiusculis mucronulatis, racemis elongatis glabris indivisis. Embothrium tinctorium. Labill Nov. Holl. I, p. 31, tab. 42 et 43. Hab. In Insulae Diemen campis et coUibus. (ubi v. v.) 200] 3. L. ferruginea, foliis bipinnatifidis tomentosis ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUS81EU. 169 pinuulis ovatis lanceolatisve, racemo terminali foliis bre- viore. Embothriura ferrugineum. Cavan. Ic. 4, p. 50,* /. 385. Hab. In Americse Australia " San Carlos de Chiloe in solo aqua marina quandoque inundato." Cavan. I. c. *4. L. polymorpha, foliis lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis V. dentatis pinnatifidisve subtiis cum ramulis pedicellisque toraentosis, racemis terminalibus corymbosls, calycibus pi- losiusculis, pistillis glaberrimis. a. cinerea. Folia lineari-lanceolata integerrima, margi- nibus recurvis, subtus cinereo-tomentosa ; foUiculi se- munciales. /3. rufa. Folia lanceolata v. lineari-lanceolata, incisa V. pinnatifida, passim integerrima, subtiis ferrugineo- tomentosa ; folliculi subunciales. Embothrii tinctorii var. Lahill. Nov. HolL I. c. Hab. In Insulae Diemen montibus australioribus. (ubi V. V.) *5. L. ilicifolia, foliis oblongo-ovatis acutis spinuloso- dentatis reticulatis petiolisque glaberrimis, racemis termi- nalibus elongatis. Hab. In Novae Hollandise or^ anstrali; prope Port Phillip : in campis sterilibus lateribusque montiuni; (ubi V. V. flor. delaps.) *6. L. longifolia, foliis lineari-lanceolatis elongatis glabris remote serratis, racemis axillaribus, pedunculis calycibus- que pilosiusculis, pistillis glaberrimis. Embothrium myricoides. Gcert. Carp. 3, p. 215, ^.218? Hab. In Nova) Hollandise ora orientali; prope Port Jackson: ad ripas saxosas fluviorum et rivulonim. (ubi V. V.) 7. L. dentata^ foliis ovalibus serrato-dentatis petio- [201 lisque glaberrimis, racemis lateralibus abbreviatis, calycibus pilosis, ovario tomcntoso.f r " 170 ON THE PROTEACEvE OF JUS8IEU. Erabothriura dentatum. Flor. Peruv. et Chil. 1, p. 62, t. 94 a. Hab. In neraoribus et sylvis regni Chilcnsis. Flur. Peruv. I. c. 8. L. ohliqua, foliis ovatis serratis glabris, racerais axil- laribus, pedicellis calycibiisque pilosis, stigmate decidiio. Erabothriura obliquura. Flor. Peruv. et Chil. I, p. 63, /. 97. Erabothriura hirsutura. Za)n. Encyc. Botan. 2, p. 355. Illust. Gen. I, p. 245, n. 1286. Hab. In Conceptionis Chili et Puchacay provinciarnm montibus. Mor. Peruv. I. c. Obs. Ala serainis hujus et prajcedentis examinanda. 36. STENOCARPUS. Embothrii species. Forst. Gen. Char. Gen. Caly.v irregularis, foliolis distinctis, secundis. Stamina apicibus concavis foliolorura immersa. Glandula hypogyna unica, semiannularis. Ovarium pedicellatuni, polyspermum. Stylus deciduus. Stiyma obliquura, orbi- culato-dilatatum, planiusculum. JPb//«W«5 linearis. Semina basi alata ! Habitus. Yxw\aq.q.% ylahcrrimi. Folia «//en/«, inteyerrima. Umbella3 axillares, v. terminates, pedunculatce. Elores ochroleuci, Etym. ot^voq angustus, et /capiroc fructus, 1. S. Forsteri, foliis oblongis obtusis enervibus; Erabothriura umbellatura. Forst. Gen. 16, t. 8,/. a. — f. Forst. Aust. n. 60. Linn. Siippl. 228. Lam. Encyc. Botan. 2, p. 352. Illust. Gen. 1, p. 245, n. 1285, t. 55, / 1. Willd. Sp. PL I, p. 538. 202] Hab. In Nova Caledonia. /. B. c* G. Fnrster. (v. s. sine fructu in Herb. Banks, ct Laml.;'rt,) ^mmrnrn^ ON THE PROTEACEii: OP JUSSIEU. in *2. S. sali//nif8, foliis elongnto-lanceolatis basi trinervibus. Had. In Novae llollandijc oni orientali; prope Port Jackson: ad ripas saxosas fluviorum et rivulonim. (ubi V. V.) 37. BANKSIA. Linn,fil. Sifppl. Char. Gen. Cal^x quadripartitus (raro quadrifidus). Stamina apicibus concavis laciniarum immersa. Squamulce hypogynae quatuor. Ovarium biloculare, loculis mono- spermis. Folliculus bilocularis, ligneus : Dissepimento libero, bifido. Amentum flosculoruni paribus tribracteatis ! Habitus. Frutices v. Arbores, viv excelscB. Rami uvi- hellati. Folia sparsa, raw verticillata, Integra, serraia, v. pinnatifdo-incisa, in codem stirpe quandoque varia ; inplantd juvenili v. mutilatd sape serrata^ v. incisa, dum in adultd et illiBsd integerrima. Amenta solitariay terminalia v. e di- chotomiis, raro lateralia, bracteolis nonnuUis, brevibus, an- gustis subtensa, cglindracea, in quibmdam abbreviata. Bmctesd ^oscidonwi persistei^fes, majorea solitaricB ; minores gcminata, coUaterales, interiores. Amenti fruct'iferi rachiH ufplurimum incrassata, et cum foUiculorum basibus conferru- minata. Ssraina nigra, apice cuneato-alaia, tiucleo in lacuna respondetite dissepimenti lignei semiimmerso. *1. Vi. pulchella, foliis acerosis integerrirais muticis (un- guicularibus), calycis unguibus lanatis : laminis glabris, stigmate depresso-capitato. Hab. In Nova3 Hollandiac ora australi ; Lewins Land ; [sus in ericetis aridis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) *2. B. s'phi ') i h^ 174 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JU8SIEU. nulatis integris v. paucidentatis (uncialibus) subtus re- ticulato-venosis, bracteis amenti apice tomentosis obtusis, calycis laniinis carina glabra, caule difFuso, ramulis ultimis tomentosis. Hab. In Novae Ilollandiae ora australi ; Flinders' Land : inter frutices, in sterilibus elevatioribus. (ubi v. v.) *12. B. australis, foliis linearibus truncatis mucronulatia margine recurvia integris subtus rcticulato-venosis, ramulis 20C] ultimis tomentosis, bracteis amenti obtusis suba^qualibus apice tomentosis, calycis laminis carina obsoletifiHimA, sericea, caule arboroo. Hah. In luHula Diemcn, ubique in campis et prope littora, necnon in ora australi Nova.' Ilollaudia) prope Port Phillip, (ubi V. V.) *13. B. insularifi, foliis lincari- v. cuneato-oblongis sub- rotundatis cum mucronulo sparsis verticillatisve subtiis reticulato-venosis, bracteis amenti obtusis extrorsiim to- mentosis, folliculis compressis apice glabris. Hab. In Insulis IVeti Bass, et in Insulfi Diemcn, prope littora. (ubi v. v.) 14. B. integrifoUa, foliis verticillatis oblongo-lanceolatis integris mucronulatis : subtiis venulis reticulantibus con- spicuis, folliculis tomentosis, caule arboreo. a. Arbor parva v. mediocris. Folia oblanceolata, sa3pius acuta, basi attenuata. Bracteae geminatue obtusa), solitariis acutis dimidio minores. Banksia integrifolia. Lwn. Sujipl. 127. Lam. Enci/c. Botan. \,p. 369. Illust. Gen. \,p. 242, n. 1275. Willd. Sp. PL I, p. 535. Cavern. Anal, de Hist. Nat. 1, p. 229. /c. 6.^. 30, /«^. 546. Banksia spicata. G. plumosa, foliis elojigato-linearibiis pinnatifidis : lobis isosr?lo-triangularibus mucronulatis margine subre- curvis subtus niveis, involucri foliolis interioribus pluinoso- aristatis, receptaculo epaleato. Hab. In N^vge Hollandise ora australi ; Lewins Land : in lateribus saxosis colliura. (ubi v. v.) *8. D. obtmi, foliis linearibus pinnatifidis caule decum- benti tomentoso longioribus : lobis triangularibus obtusis subtus niveis margine incrassato-recurvis, involucri bracteis exterioribus ovatis : interioribus lineari-oblongis. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in apricis prope littora. (ubi v, v.) 9. D. niveuy foliis linearibus pinnatifidis caulem glabrum subaequantibus: lobis scaleno-triangularibus acutis mucronu- latis subtils niveis margine recurvis, involucri bracteis lineari-lanceolatis glabris ciliatis, calyce quadrifido, unguibus laminisque hirsutia. a. Folia lobis adscendentibus, mucronatis, subtus venosis. Stigma stylo parum crassius. Banksia nivea. LahilL Voy. 1, jo. 413, t. 24. Nov. Roll 2, p. 118. /3. Folia lobis divaricatis, uninervibus, subaveniis. Stigma stylo vix crassius. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in saxosis prope littora. (ubi v. v.) *10. D. longifolia, foliis linearibus pinnatifidis longis- pis simis acutis subtus cinereo-tomentosis : bas' attenuata inte- gerrima ; lobis triangularibus adscendentibus decurrentibus margine recurvis, involucri bracteis elongato-linearibus margine barbatis extus glabris, calycis unguibus basi lanatis supra pubescentibus : laminis pilosiusculis, caule tomentoso. 182 ON THE PROTEACEiE OF JUSSIEU. fi it M Hab. In Novae HoUandise ora australi ; Lewins Land : in collibus saxosis. (ubi v. v.) *ll. D. tenuifolia, foliis elongato-linearibus pinnatifidis subtruncatis subtus niveis: basi attenuata integerrima petioliformi ; lobis triangula]'ibus decurrentibus divaricatis margine recurvis, involucri bracteis tomentosis: exterioribus ovato-lanceolatis, calycis unguibus basi lanatis supra cau- leque glabris. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land : in ericetis. (ubi v. v.) *12. T>. pteridifoUa, foliis pinnatifidis caule tomentoso longioribus : lobis linearibus acutis mucronatis margine revolutis basi dilatatis, involucri bracteis tomentosis ovatis. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi; Lewins Land: ad latera saxosa collium. (ubi v. v.) *13. D. blechnifolia, foliis pinnatifidis caule tomentoso longioribus : lobis linearibus obtusis mucronulatis trinervi- bus margine recurvis basi siraplici. Hab. In Novae Hollandiae ora australi ; Lewins Land ; prope King George's Sound. D. Archibald Menziea. (v. s. absque fructificatione.) Ob8. Ad hoc genus retuli, ob summam affinitatem cum Bryandrd pterid^olid, cujus vix varietas. I I £5 216] To RENDER this cssay as complete as I am able, I pro- ceed to notice such plants, as either belong or have been referred to Proteaceae, but from my imperfect acquaintance with which, or from the unsatisfactory accounts hitherto given of them, could not with certainty be referred to any of the genera described, or, if referable to any of them, I could not with confidence propose as distinct species ; and shall conclude with the addition of a few synonyms to the species described, from Ray's Historia Plantarum, which ON THE PROTEACEiB OF JdSSIEU. 183 had escaped me when the paper was first read to the Society. Leucadendron Unifolium, foiiis lineari-spathiilatis aversis basi attenuatis raniisque glabris, capitulo ransculo sessili foiiis circumvallantibus longiore, calycis tubo barbato: laminis stylisque imberbibus. Protea linifolia. Jacq. Hort. Schcenb. \, p. \\, t. 2Q. Obs. There can be no doubt of the genus of this plant, or of the individual figured by Jacquin being a male. From the same figure, by which alone I am acquainted with it, it seems to be very nearly related to Leucadendron tortum, from which it ditFers in having the male heads sessile, and in the laminae of the calyx being quite smooth. Leu CADENDRONy>!<5ce/?or«»z, foiiis lineari-lanceolatis glabris junioribus rectis basi attenuatis, capitulo femineo foiiis cir- cumvallantibus breviore, calycis laminis plumoso-barbatis : tubo pilosiusculo. Protea fusciflora. Jacq. Hort. Schcenb. l,p. 11, t. 27. This also is known to me only from Jacquin's figure, [217 from which it is unquestionably a Leucadendron, and a female plant ; it can hardly however be supposed the female of the preceding species ; and though I have constructed a specific character for it, I think it is not improbably a variety of Leucadendron angustatum. Leucadendron. Protea linearis. Houtt. Nat. Hist. par. 2, vol. 4, /?. 116, t. 19,/. 2, ed. Germ. vol. S,p. 84, t. 19. This is undoubtedly a Leucadendron, and probably a female plant ; but from the figure alone its species cannot be determined. Leucadendron. Protea stellaris. Sims, Bot. Mag. 881. Seems to be a male plant, and appE.rently different from anything I have seen. From the form of the leaves and the length of those surrounding the capitulum, I am ■I 184 ON THE PROTEACEJ; OF JUSSIEU. inclined to consider it as the male oUiicc[\\ms Prof ea/u^ci' Jlora already noticed. Leucadendron. Conocarpodendron ; folio tenuissimo, angustissimo, sa- ligno ; cono caljculato. Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 203, c. tab. This is probably a male plant, notwithstanding the figure of a ripe cone is given at the bottom of the plate ; the separate fruits of some of Boerhaave's figures belonging decidedly to very difterent species. It may be the male of Leucadendron adscendens. 1% '1 Leucadendron ? Protea odorata. Thunh. Prod. Append. 187. 218] There is no means of determining the genus of this plant, but it is rather more probably a Leucadendron than belonging to any other. Leucadendron ? ? Conocarpodendron; acaulon; folio rigido, nervoso, ob- longo, latiori ; cono fusco ; seraine oblongo, in medio quasi excavato. Boerh. Lugd. Bat. 2, p. 201, c. tad. I know not what to make of this. If the strobilus and nuces at the bottom of the plate really belong to it, it must be referred to Leucadendron, and will stand near L. retusum or h.plumosum; but there are some circumstances both in the figure and description which render this very doubtful. Thunberg refers it to his Protea strobilina, but the descrip- tions by no means agree. Leucadendron ? Scolymocephalus Oleae folio. Sherard, in Raj. Hist. 3, Bendr.p. 10. This, according to Boerhaave, is his Conocarpodendron, &c. 2, p. 197, c. tab. which I have considered as the female of Leucadendron squarrosum. Leucadendron ? ? Protea glabra. Thunb. Diss. n. 52. ON THE PROTEACE.E OP JUS8IEU. 185 From the very short and unsatisfactory description ot' Thunberg, the genus of this plant cannot be determined, or even with much probability guessed at. IsOPOGON. Protea divaricata. And. Repos. 4G5. Can this be a variety of Isopogon anemonifolius ? The yellow flowers satisfy nie that it is not a species of [219 Serriiria, and prevent me at the same time from referring it to Isopogon anethifolius, whose leaves are not unlike, but whose flowers are of a very different colour. Protea. Protea venosa. La7n. Illust. Gen. I, p. 234, n. 1212. Poiret, Enoyc. Botan. b,p. 640. Said by Poiret to resemble in most respects Protea longifora ; it must therefore be a genuine Protea. Protea. Scolyraodendros Africcnus ex Monte Tabulari. Pluk. Mant 168, t. 442,/. 4. This is manifestly a Protea, which it appears Plukenet had seen only in the possession of Woodward. The head, especially in the form of the bracteae, bears a great resem- blance to that oi Protea cynaroides ; but the lei es are so very different, that, unless we suppose they were drawn from memory and disproportionately reduced, it cannot be referred to this species. It is probably however one of the more common kinds, and I know not what else to suppose it may be, except Protea grandijlora. The fp-ure itself has never, so far as I know, been noticed by any author. Leucospermum. Scolymocephalus Africanua, foliis in summitate profundiiis crenatis, intercreniis majoribus, florum staminulis longis re- curvis. Raj. Hist. 3, Detidr. p. 10. ' This is probably a Leucospermum, and perhaps L. eUipticum. ' , • : • ^ . • 186 ON THE PROTEACKA; OF JUSSIliU. I I 920] MiMETES ? Protea dichotoma. Lam. Illust. Gen. \,p. 235, n. 1219. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. 5, /?. 643. Probably a spurious Mi metes. Serruria Berffii, capitulis simplicibus solitariis subpe- dunculatis, bracteis cuneiforinibus truncatis cum acumine villosis : inferioribus glabris, calycibus curvatis sericeis, stigmate turbinato-capitato, ramulis foliisque glabris. Leucadendron sphserocephalum. Bery. Cap. 26.* This I have no hesitation in referring to Serruria; and from the description of the accurate Bergius I am disposed to think it distinct from any that I am acquainted with. It seems most nearly related to Serruria acrocarpa, differ- ing chiefly in the smoothness of its branches, and in having terminal heads. Serruria. Protea sphaerocephala. Houtt. Nat. Hist. par. 2, vol. 4, p. 99, t. 19,/ 1, ed. Germ. vol. S, p. 72, t. 19. Unquestionably a Serruria, and probably referable either to S. hirauta or pedunculat a. Serruria. Protea villosa. Thunh. Prod. Append. 186. A Serruria whose characters cannot be made out from the specific difference given by Thunberg. Serruria. Protea triternata. And. Pepos. 337. This may be intended for S. congeata, but I cannot with confidence refer to it as such. SERRURIiE. S31] Protea abrotanifolia minor. And. Repos. 536. Protea abrotanifolia hirta. And. Repos. 522. Protea abrotanifolia odorata. And. Repos. 545. These are manifestly Serruriae, but I do not venture to refer them to any of the species I have described ; nor are i ON THE PROTEACEiE OP JUS8IEU. 187 there sufficient materials from which they may be charac- terized as distinct species. NiVENIA. Protea concava. Lam. Illust. Gen. 1, p. 234, n. 1217. Poiret, Encyc. Botan. b,p. 642. A species of Nivenia, and perhaps one of those described. NiVENiA? Protea candicans. Thunh. Prod. Append. 186. Probably a Nivenia, and perhaps not different from N. moUissima: it may however be a species of Serruria, in which case it is probably S. candicans. Yrotea prostrata. Thunh. Prod. 27. I know not to what genus this may belong ; but from the species near which Thunberg has placed it, it may be supposed to be either a Protea or a Leucadendron .- if the latter, it is probably not very different from L. retusum. Hakea. Conchium di'upaceum. Gart. Carp. 23, j». 217, t. 219. I cannot refer this fruit to any of the species I have de- scribed. Embothrium chaparro. Humb. j^quin. Bot. Of this I know nothing but the name, which occurs in Humboldt's Chart of -^Equinoctial Botany, and is placed there at the height of about 1600 feet. Embothrivm strobilinum. Lahill. Nov. Holl. 2, rasa p. 116, t. 265. The seeds of this remarkable plant, which I am acquainted with only from Labillardiere's figure and description, being unknown, and the internal structure of its ovarium not having been examined, its genus cannot be determined. Its regular and deeply divided calyx, the four glands at the base of the ovarium, and its vertical equilateral stigma, point out its near affinity to Knightia, from which it differs 188 ON THE PROTEACK.f: OF JL'SSIKU. in the style being deciduous, and perhaps also in the num- ber and form of its seeds. If these are but two in number, it wouUl be still more nearly related to Orites j but some- thing in its whole appearance, and especially its uncom- monly large bracteae, indicates its being a distinct genus. According to Labillardiere, it is a native both of New Caledonia and the south-west coast of New Holland : but as I am acquainted with no plant of the order, which has 80 wide a range as this, and as it may be presumed the 8i)ecimens from New Holland were very imperfect, other- wise so remarkable a plant would surely have found a place in the body of his work, I may be permitted to question ths accuracy of the statement. I confess however that I know no plant of Lewins Land with which this could be confounded. Row ALA pimiata. Lam. Illmt. Gen. 1, p. 243, n. 1282. Poire t, Encyc. Botan. 6, p. 317. Budrje, PL Guian. 25, /. 38. There v u" be little doubt of this plant constituting a dis- tinct genus; but its fruit being entirely unknown, it is better to place it among those which require a further ex- amination. It was referred to Rhopala at a time when that genus was not at all understood. In its compound 223] leaves, its irregular calyx, and even in some degree in the glands subtending the ovarium, it seems to approach more nearly to Gevuina ; and I am therefore inclined to think its fruit will be found to be a drupa, and not a folli- culus as that of Rhopala. The whole plant however is so remarkable, that I here add c description taken from an excellent specimen, in Mr. Lambert's Herbarium, collected by the unfortunate Martin in Guiana, where it seems to have been first found by Richard. Fruteos? v. Arbor. Bamuli teretes, tomento minuto cinerascentes. Polia alterna, abrupte pinnata, 3-4-juga. Foliola opposita, petiolata, late ovata, obtusa quandoque acutiuscula, integerrima, glaberrima, super nitida, subter fere opaca, venulis anastomozantibus parum emersis reticu- lata : dura 3^ uncias longa 2 uncias lata. Petioli partiales i ON THE I'llOTBAUE^ OP JUSSIKU. 189 semunciales, seniiterctes, curu rnolii teretiiiHculi\ iirticulftti. t^pica ternuiiulis, pedunculatu, erecta, folio hrevior, pcdnn- culo lonfTJor, rucetiiosa : Podunvulo rachique teretil)us, piibo brevissima ciiuMeo-fcrrugiiicis (in sioco). Pedici'lli gnnii- nati, teretes, calyce Ijreviores. Cali/,v tetrapliylliis. Foliola anteexpansioncMu in tiil)umciirvatuni cyliiulraccurn clansuni utriiKjue atnpliatuni cohaucutia, niox u\ l)asin diatincta, dccidua, linearia, cxtus pnbe tcnuissiiiia arcto apprcssii (in sicco) cinereo-feirugiuea ; intus {glabra : Uiu/uibm liucaribus, hasi dilatatis: Laininis ovatis, aciitis, concavis. Stamina 4. Filamenta brevissima, basi lamiiiaruni iniposita. Antherarum lobi (connective) a(hiati, distincti, basi pariun divergentes, longitudinaliter dehiscentcs. Pollen Havuin. Ovarium. breve pedicellatuin, parvum, uniloculare, dispernium, ovulis collateralibus : Pedicello basi cincto Squama latA, glabrft, adnata, (in siccol corrugata, postice subdeficientc, intersticia angustissiina. Sfi/lna cylindraceus, crassiuscuhjs, glaber, longitudino unguinm calycis. Stigma obliquum, convexuni, stylo crassius, papilla centrali. Obs. Singularis, Foliis vere coinpositis, petioleliis cnm C22 rachi articulatis; et Squama hypogynfi pedicello ovarii adnata, nee ipso receptaculo connexa. Oritina acicularis. Append. Plor. Nov. IIolL ined. This is a perfectly smooth erect shrub ; with alternate cylindrical leaves, furrowed on the upper surface and termi- nated by a pungent mucro. I observed it only on the summit of the Table Mountain, at the southern extremity of Van Dienlen's Island. The perfect flowers I have not seen, but have examined the ovarium so soon after fcecunda- tion, that I have no doubt of its containing originally only two ovula ; and as its base is surrounded by four glands, the calyx is probably regular. Hence its near affinity to Orites, with which it also agrees in inflorescence and appa- rently in stigma. The fruit is a smooth compressed coria- ceous follicule, containing two seeds, which are winged at both ends; on which account I have not absolutely referred it to Orites, but, until its flowers are discovered, have given it a temporary name, indicating its affinity to that genus. ■PwnappMW* I MlWppPII^rWW" 190 ON THK PROTEACE^ OF JU8SIKU. .4 h Banksia musculiformis. Gart. Sem. 1, p. 221. Lam. Illust Gen. \,p. 242, n. 1280. Fructus musculiformis. Rumph. Amh. 2, jo. 184, ^. 60. Gaertner has taken up this plant entirely from Rurapf's figure, and referred it to Banksia on account of its fruit containing according to that author two winged seeds. But from Rumpf's description, it appears that the whole plant is lactescent; hence it probably does not belong to this family, but rather to Apocineae, as Burmannus has already conjectured. Cylindria. Lour. Cochin, ed. Willd. l,j». 86. 225] Both Willdenow and Ventenat have considered tliis genus as belonging to Proteaceae, with whose structure indeed ths description of Loureiro in most respects well agrees. Mr. Konig, however, (Ann. of Bot. 1, p. 392,) assures us, on the authority of original specimens, that it is scarcely different from Olea, though Loureiro has character- ized it as having four bilocular antherse, included in the concave apices of the segments of the corolla; two circum- stances altogether incompatible with Oleinse, and which render it not improbable that the specimen sent to Sir Joseph Banks by the author was very different from that which he described. Leucospermum Conocarpum. Scolymocephalus AfricanuSy latifolius, lanuginosus, foliis in summit>\te crenatis, com& sericea. Baj. Hist. 3, Dend. p. 9. MiMETES Hartogii. Scolymocephalus Africanus lanuginosus humilis, foliis in summo tridentatis, flore dilute purpureo, carinula albulS, Oldenlandii. Raj. Hist. 3, Dend. p. 10, fide characteris et descriptionis. MiMETES cucidlatus. {Raj. Hist. 3, Dend. p. 10, n. 10.) ON THE PROTEACEiS OF JUS8IEU. 191 MiMETES hirtus. Scolymocephalos Jfricanus, foliis brevioribus acuminatis, floribus rubentibus, summis surculis foliis intermistis. Raj. Hist. 3, Bend. p. 10. Besides the Proteacese described or noticed in this \.m paper, I am acquainted with several very beautiful species, chiefly of Grevillea and Persoonia, discovered in New Hol- land by Mr. George CaJey, a most assiduous and accurate botanist, who, under the patronage of Sir Joseph Banks, has for upwards of eight years been engaged in examining the plants of New South Wales, and whose numerous dis- coveries will, it is hoped, be soon given to the public, either by himself, or in such a manner as to obtain for him that reputation among botanists to vvluch he is well entitled. ■-•W^W^I II I IIBW^"W 3 »0 S I -*^ (A a na a -2 3 a 2 . o ca O T3 -I rf 3 -y a JS S 3 . 5 *3 « 9 a 3^ _3 "3 u in 3 ea a 3 cr lb m 3 .O 3 Eh C4 -a a a 8 0 n a 1 8 H a I** eo W«W'J«lPI^'«i,'w,ii»!iHI'.l V' I 204 ON THE ASCLEPIAIJKili. m ASCLEPIADEyE. Coniortarum genera, Linn. Apocinearum genera, Juss. Apocynarum genera, Adans. Calyx quinquedivisus, persistens. Corolla monopetala, hypogyna, quinqueloba, regularis, aestivatione imbricata, rarissime valvata, decidua. Stamina 5, epipetala, laciniis limbi alternantia. Fila- menta sa3pius connata. Antherce biloculares, septisve semi- completis nunc subquadriloculares. Pollen ad dehiscen- tiam antherarum coalescens in massas numero loculorum, rariiisve per paria confluentes. et geminatim, v. qiiaternatini, V. solitarie processubus quinque stigraatis affixas. Ovaria 2. Stffli 2, arct6 approximati, ssepe brevissimi. Stigma ambobup commune, dilatatum, pentagonum, angulis corpusculiferis. FoLLicuLi 2 ; altero nunc abortiente. Placenta sutura3 intus applicata, demum libera. Semina numerosa, imbricata, pendula, ad umbilicum 20] sagpissime comosa. Albumen tenue. Embryo dicotyle- doneus, rectus. Cotyledones foliaceae. Radicula supera. Plwnula inconspicua. FruticeSf rariusve Herbce, utplurimum lactescentes et volubiles. Folia integra, opposita, quandoque alterna v. verticillata, ciliis interpetiolaribus loco stipularum saepius instructa. Flores subumbellati, fasciculati, v. raceraosi, interpetiolares. ON THE ASCLEPIADKiE. 205 I. AsCLEPIADEiE VER^. [21 Mas8(B PoHinis 10, la3ves, per paria, (diversis antheris pertinentia), affixae stigmatis corpiisculis, sulco longitudinali, bipartibilibus. Filamenta oonnata, extus ssepius appendi- culata. CEROPEGIA. [Ceropegiae pleraeque, Linn. Char. Corolla tubo e basi ventricosa cylindraceo ; limbi laciniis ligularibus. Columna fructijicationis inclusa . Corona staminea duplex, exterior abbreviata, 5loba : interior 5phylla, foliolis ligularibus, indivisis, lobis exte- rioris oppositis. Antherce apice simplices. Massce pollinis erectae, basi affixae, marginibus sirn- plicibus. Stigma muticum. Folliculi cylindracei, Iseves. Semina comosa. Habitus. Ilerba glabrae, volubiles. Radice tuberosa. Umbcllcs iiiterpetiolares, nunc pauciflorae. Patria. India Orientalis. Obs, To this genus belong C. Candelabrum, Linn. ; C. bijlora, Linn, j C. tuberosa, bulbosa, juncea, acuminata, of Roxbuigh, and two undescribed species. HUERNIA. [Stapeliae species, Linn. Juss. Masson. [22 Char. Corolla campanulata, limbo decemfido, laciniis accessoriis nanis, dentiforraibus. Columna fructijicationis inclusa . Corona staminea duplex ; exterior quinquefida, laciniis bitidis : interior 5phylla, foliolis e basi gibbosa subulatis, indivisis, laciniis exterioris alternantibus. Antherce apice simplices. Massce pollinis erectae, basi affixae, altero margine carti- lagineo-pellucido. I 206 ON THE ASCLEPIADEiE. Stigma muticum. Folliculi subcylindracei, laeves. Semina coniosa. Habitus Stapelise. Patria. Africa Australis. Obs. The whole of the third section of Stapelia in Will- denow's edition of the " Species Plantariim," probably belongs to this genus ; but I have only had an opportunity of examining S. campanulata, venusta, and guttata, from which the character is formed. I have named the genus in memory of Justus Huernius, one of the earliest collectors of Cape plants, and from whose drawings the first account of Stapelia w^as taken. M] PIARANTHUS. [Stapelise sp. Maaaon. Char. Corolla campanulata, 5fida, carnosa. Columna fructificationis inclusa. Corona staminea simplex, 5phylla, foliolis dorso dentatis. Antherce apice simplices. Masses pollinis erectae, basi affixse, altero margine carti- lagineo-pellucido. Stigma muticum. Folliculi Habttus Stapelise. Patria. Africa Australis. Obs. The want of the external corona renders it neces- sary to separate from Stapelia and Huernia, this genus ; of which the only two certain species are Stapelia punctata and pulla of Masson; of both these 1 have examined spe- cimens collected by Masson, and preserved in spirits, in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks. STAPELIA. [Stapelise plures, Linn, et Mass. Char. Corolla rotata, 5fida, carnosa. Columna fructificationis exserta. • Corona staminea duplex, utraque in variis varia ; interior quandoque obsoleta. Anthera apice simplices. mm ON THE ASCLEPlADEiE. 207 Mnssa poUinifs basi afRxae, altero inargine cartilagineo- pellucido. Stigma muticum. Folliculi subcylindracei, laeves. Semina comosa. Habitus. Planta carnosae, aphyllae angulatae, saepe [2* tuberculatae. Mores, utplurimum speciosi, odore nauseoso, stercorario. Patria. Africa Australis, praesertim in planitiis desertis, argillaceis, Karroo nuncupatis. Obs. The essential character of this extensive and sin- gular genus, consists, according to Linnaeus and all subse- quent botanists, in the double corona. But I have already shewn, that certain plants that have been referred to it, and which entirely accord in habit, have a corona of a single series ; and it will hereafter appear, that other, and very diiFerent genera, agree with Stapelia in this part of its structure. The genus, even as it is here limited, is capable of further subdivision ; and I have little doubt, that when the species become better known, such a subdivision will be found expedient, and probably from characters like the following, by which, in the mean time, it may be disposed into very natural sections. /. Corona exterior bp/iylla,folioKs indivisis. Stapeha hirsuta, Linn, sororia, Mass. vetula, Mass. arabigua, Mass. asterias, Mass. glandulifera, Mass. stellaris, Jacq. ined. II. Corona exterior ^partita, laciniis bifidis. Stapelia revoluta, Mass. pedunculata, Mass. verru- [2s cosa, Mass. mixta, Mass. variegata, Linn, lepida, Jacq. ined. V. III. Corona exterior \phyUa, indivisa vel ciliato-multijida. Stapelia articulata, Hort. Kew. et Mass. geminata, Mass., aliaeque ineditae, in Museo Banksiano, spir. vin. asservatac. ■'T-'-w'vwiv'w^wr'HCTjiipiin ^ ! i 208 ON THE ASCLKPlADRiE. CARALLUMA. Char. Corolla rotata, profundi' 5fida. Columna fructificationis exserta. Corona staminea simplici serie 1 Ophylla ; foliolis quinque antheris oppositis indivisis ; reliquis bipartitis, subulatis. Anther a apice simplices. Massa pollinia erf^ctse, basi affixae, marginibus simpli- cibus. Stigma muticum. Folliculi graciles, Iseves. Semina comosa. Habitus fere Stapeliae. Patria. India Orientalis. Obs. This genus is the Stapelia adscendens of Roxburgh, the Car'allum of the TeHngas. MICROSTEMMA. Char. Corolla rotata, 5fida. Colmnna fructijicationis exserta. Corona staminea monophylla, carnosa, 5loba, lobis cum antheris alternantibus. 26] Anther (B apice sirapUces. Massa pollinis medio lateri insertae, stigmati incum- bentes. Stigma muticum. Folliculi graciles, Iseves. Semina comosa. Habitus, Herba glabra, erecta. Radios tuberosa. Caulis infra simplex, foliis minutis ; supra ramosus, foliis oppositis linearibus. Umbellce laterales et terminales, sub- sessiles. Corollce nigro-purpureae intiis barbatae. Patria. Nova Hollandia tropica. HOYA. Char. Corolla rotata, 5fida. Corona staminea 5phylla, foliolis depressis, carnosis, angulo interiore producto in dentem antherae incumbentem. JMMl^MllBi ON THR ASCLKPIADEyE. S09 Anther (P. membrana terminatee. Masses poUinis basi affixae, conniventea, compresssB. Stigma depressum, papilla obtusii. FoUiculi laeves. Semna cotnosa. Habitus. Caulis sufFruticosuSj volubilis, v. decumbeiis. Folia opposita, carnosn, v. meinbranacea. Umbella inter- petiolares, multiflorae. Patria. India Orientalis, China, et Nova Hollandia tropica. Obs. I have named this genus in honour of Mr. TnOiMAS Hoy, whose merits as an intelligent and successful [27 cultivator have been long known to the botanists of this country. I have added specific characters of the only two species with which I am acquainted; but Hoi/a carnosa probably includes several species, which can only be deter- mined from living specimens : it is also to be considered as the type of the genus, Hoi/a viridijlora differing in some degree in the stnicture of its corona, and considerably in habit. ^3 I 1. H. carnosa, foliis ovali-oblongis carnosis, corollis barbatis, coronae foliolis subtus sulcatis ! Asclepias carnosa, Linn. stippJ. 1 70. Mttrr. sgst. veff. ed. 14, jo. 260. Willd. sp.pl. I, p. 1264. Fers. sgn. l,p. 275. Sitns in hot, magaz. t. 788. Smith, exot. hot. '%, p. 21, t. 70. Stapelia Chinensis, Lour. Cochin. \,p. 205, fide specim, ab auctore missi in Herb. Banks. Hab. In Asiae tropicae variis regionibus, etiam in Nova Hollandia (ubi et in hort. Angl. v. v.) 2. H. viridijlora, foliis ovatis acuminatis membranaceis coroUisque glabris, corona3 foliolis exsulcis. Asclepias volubilis, Linn, suppl. 170*. Willd. sp. pi. 1, p. 1269. Fers. sgn. \,p. 276. Watta-haka-codi, Rheed. Mai ah. Si, p. 25, t. 15. Hab. Inter frutices in nemorosis Zeylonae, /. G. Kcenig, in Herb. Banks, (ubi v. s.) 14 210 ON THE A8CLEPIADEJ!. 2«] TYLOPHORA. Char. Corolla rotata, 5partita. Corona ataminea 5phylla, foliolis depressis, carnosis, singulo interiori simplici edentulo, AnthercB membrana terrninatae. Massce pollinis erectae, basi affixae, marginibas simplicibus. Stigma muticum. Folliculi Igeves. Semina comosa. Habitus. Herha v. sttffrutices volubiles. Folia opposita, membranacea, plana. Umbella interpetiolares. Flores utpluriinum parvi. Patria. Nova Hollandia, praesertim intra tropicuni, sed usque ad grad. 33. lat. aust. India Orientalis, et Africa aequinoctialis. Octo species nobis cognitae, quarum nullae adliucdum editae sunt. MARSDENIA. Char. Corolla urceolata, 5fida, nunc subrotata. Corona staminea 5phylla, foliolis conipressis, indivisis, intus edentulis. Antherce membrana terrninatae. Massce pollinis erectae, basi aflfixae. Folliculi laeves. Semina comosa. Habitus. Suffrutices saepius volubiles. Folia opposita, latiuscula, plana. Cyuia, nunc Thyrsi, interpetiolares. Stigma saepius muticum, quandoque rostratum, rostro indiviso vel bifido. 29] Patria. India Orientalis et Nova Hollandia; rarius in America Meridionali, et Syria. Obs. This genus differs from Pergularia, chiefly in the want of the inner laciniae of the corona : it is therefore an arbitrary separation, and made principally to obtain clearer characters for both. The two species, with an elongated stigma, are perhaps not truly of this genus, but if separated from it, must form each a distinct genus. It is named in honour of William Marsden, Esq., ON THE ASCLKPIADEiE. 211 F.R.S., late Secretary to the Admiralty, and author of a very judicious and learned " History of Sumatra," in which, though it is evident that he has not made botany his par- ticular study, he has had the merit of turning the attention of botanists to several valuable plants, among others, to the Camphor-Tree of Sumatra, and to a species of this genus, Maradenia tinctoria, said to afford the best indigo in that island. t Stigma muHcum. Marsdeniee verse. 1. M. veluHnef, caule volubili, foliis cordatis latfe ovatis acuminatis tomentosis raolhbus, cymis umbelliformibus, fauce nuda. Hab. In Nova Hollandia, intra tropicum, (ubi v. v.) 2. M. tinctoria, caule volubili, foliis cordatis ovato- [3o oblongis acuminatis glabriusculis basi antice glandulosis, thyrsis lateralibus, fauce barbata. Tarram akkar. Mars. Sffmat. 78. Hab. In insula Sumatra, (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) 3. M. viridifiora, caule volubili, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis glabriusculis basi obtusa, tubo intus villosiusculo. Hab. In Nova Hollandia, intra tropicum, (ubi v. v.) 4. M. clausa, caule volubili, foliis lanceolatis utrinque acutis glabris : supra parum rugosis, fauce dense barbati. Hab. In Jamaica. Swartz. (in Herb. Banks, ubi v. s.) 5. M. suaveolena, caule suberecto, foliis ovali-lanceolatis glabris aveniis, tubo ventricoso, fauce barbata. Hab. In Nova Hollandia, extra tropicum, (ubi v, v.) 6. M. cineraacens, caule erecto, foliis ovatis obtusiusculis venosis pube rara conspersis, petiolis semuncialibus, coroUis subrotatis. Hab. In Nova Hollandia, intra tropicum, (ubi v. v.) n "'W mmrfi ij( u« I vfiivnnmpfmrnm"^^ w ' 212 ON THE ASCIiEPIADEifl. 81] tf Stiff ma roHtratum. 7. M. erecia^ caule erecto, foliis cordfttis ovntis acutis, cymis umbelliformibus, limbi laciniis imberbibiis tubo 4-5ies longioribiis. Cynanchum erectum, TAnn. 8. M. rosfrata, caule volubili, foliis ovatis subcordatis aciiminatis glabris, umbellis multifloris, limbo barbato. Hab. In Nova Hollaiidia extra tropicum, (ubi v. v.) PERGULARIA. [Pergulariae species, Linn. !'.■■ Char. Corolla hypocrateriformis, tubo urceolato. Corona staminea 5phylla, foliolis compressis apice indi- visis, intus lacinula auctis. Anther ce membrana terminatse. Massce pollhiis erectse, basi affixse. Stigma rnuticura. Folliculi ventricosi, laeves. Semitia comosa. Habitus. Planta volubiles. Folia latiuscula, mem- braiiacea. Ci/mce interpetiolares. Flores flavescentes, odo- ratissimi. Patria ignota: in China et India Orientali ob flores suaveolentes culta. Obs. Of this genus the only certain species are Pergula- ria odoratissima, Roxb. et Smith, and P. minor, And. Repos. 160. Pergularia purpurea, Fahl. and Japonica, Thunb. may belong to it. P. edulis of Thunberg, prod. cap. is pro- 32] bably very different. When Linnaeus established this genus in his Mantissa, he certainly meant his character to apply to Pergularia glabra^ of which he had a specimen in his herbarium, and which is the Flos Pergulanus of Rumphius; but unfortunately this plant does not belong to the order of Asclepiadeae, but to that section of Apo- cineae of which I shall hereafter treat. The character of Linnaeus was no doubt chiefly taken from a plant of ! MMMMM ippl ON THE ASCLEPIADE^. 218 P. odoratissinia, that had flowered in the Upsal Garden, and which he confounded with the Asclepias cordata of Fors- knel, an error lonj^ since pointed out by Dr. Smith in his very accurate and satisfactory account of Pergularia odora- tissinia. DISCHIDIA. Char. Corolla urceoiata, Sfida. Corona daminea opliylla, foliolis bitidis, laciniis subulatis, patcntibus, apice recurvis. Anther(B membrana terniinatae. Massa pollinis erectie, basi aftixaj. St'upna uiuticuni. Folliculi laeves. Semina comosa. Habitus. Herba in arboribus parasitica, dependens, perennis, lactescens, farina alba tota conspersa. Caulis ad genicula radicans. Folia opposita, subrotunda, crassa, car- nosa. Flores parvi, suburabellati. Patria. India Orientalis, pra.'sertim Insulas Moluc- [33 canae, necnon Nova HoUandia, ubi prope Endeavour River detexit lllust. Banks. GYjMNEMA. » Char. Coz-o/Zw suburceolata 5fida. /'l/«6r saepe coronata, squamulis denticuUsve 5, sinubus insertis. Corona staminea nulla. Anthers membrana terminata3. Ma see poUinis erectse, basi affixae. Fc'^icidi graciles, laeves. Semina comosa. Habitus. Suffrutices saepius volubiles. Folia opposita, membranacea, plana. Umbellce interpetiolares, cymosae. Patria. India Orientalis, Nova HoUandia tropica, et Africa aequinoctialis. , Obs. Of this genus I have examined four species. Two of these are unpublished plants; the third is Asclepias lactifera Linn., of which there is no specimen in the M <. ''i 214 ON THE ASCLEPIADEiE. Linnean Herbarium : it therefore rests entirely upon Her- mann's specimens, which, though collected 140 years ngo, were by maceration in water so lar recovered, as to enable me with certainty to determine its genus. The fourth is Periploca sylvestris, IVilid. sp.pl. I, p. 1252. 34] LEPTADENIA. Char. Corolla subrotata, tudo brevi, fauce coronata, squarais 5 sinubus impositis ; limbo barbato, aestivatione valvata. Corona staminea nulla. Anther ce Uberae, apice simplices. Massce pollinis erectse, basi affixae, apice coarctato pellu- cido ! Stigma muticuni. Folliculi Habitus. Herba ? perennes? volubiles, tomento impal- pabili, pulvereo, cinerascentes. Folia plana, opposita. Umbella interpetiolares, quandoque cymosae. Corpmcula stigmatis minuta. Patria. India Orientalis, Africa sequinoctialis et septen- trionalis. Obs. Of this genus I have examined three species in the Banksian Herbarium, none of which are as yet described, though one of them was collected by Forskael ; it is un- named, however, and does not correspond with any of his descriptions. |;)| L SARCOLOBUS. Char. Corolla subrotata, 5fida. Fauce nuda. Corona staminea nulla. Anther (B membrana terminatae. 86] Massa pollinis erectae, basi aflixae. Stigma muticum. Folliculi ventricosi, carnosi. Semina marginata ! iBKiM"Sl^tiriiiitl!wl«»ii^^£.^'S;i5fti6U^»i<»^ I I'lir^-'TT iTi*iiiM*iiC£*^ ON THE ASCLEPIADK^. 21C Habitus. Frutcw volubilis, glaber. Folia opposita, latius- cula. Uinbella interpetiolares, niultifloraj. Patria. Java; in Prince's Island, prope Bataviam, dc- texit lllmt. Banks. GONOLOBUS. \Jlichard ? in Mich. Fl. Bur. Ann'r. Cynanchi species, JAnn. Jacq. Char. Corolla siibrotata, 5partita. Corona staminea scutelliformis, lobata. Anthera transversini dehiscentes, niembrana terniinatiij. Masses pollinis extreniitati exteriori respectu loculi aftixae stigmate tectae. Stigma planiusculo-depressimi. Folliculi ventricosi, subcostati. Semina comosa. Habitus. Suffrutices volubiles. Folia opposita, latius- cula. Umhdlce interpetiolares. Patria. America, praesertim intra tropicos. Obs. Cynanchum maritimura Linn, suberosum TAnn. crispiflorum Hort. Kew. belong to this genus ; and I sup- pose also C. planiflorum, grandiflorum, rostratuni, nigrum, racemosura, Carolinense, obliquum, hirtuui, prostratum, and undulatum of Willdenow's Spec. Flant. : these, how- m ever, I have not determined, and the whole genus requires to be re-examined. r MATELEA. [Aubl. Gujan. tab. 109, llostea. Willd.sp.pl. \,p. 1274. Char. Corolla rotata, 5partita. Corona staminea scutelliformis, lobata. AnthcrcB transversim dehiscentes, membrana terminatae. Masses pollinis extremitate exteriore respectu loculi affixae, stigmate tectae. Stigma planiusculo-depressum. Folliculi ventricosi, costati. Semina calva. {Aubl.) I 21H ON THK AHCLKIMADEiB. Habitus. Frutex ercctiis. Folia opposita, basi supra bigliindiilosn. Floras ruconioHi, liiteralea. Patria. Anjericn meridioiuilis. ASCLEPIAS. [Asclcpindis sp. Linn, Char. Corolla 5partita, reflexu. Corona summo tiibo filameiitoriun imposita, 5phylla, foliolis cucuUatis, e fundo exserentibua processum aversum corniformem. Anther ..i..-;«.^. ~^:-:'fjr.=xi^ -*i;-^Trf'---'ta8iC-^->'" ON TIIK ASCLKPIADKif!. 217 If AH1TU8. FruticcH V. suffrutices erecti. Folia oppo- [s* situ, imirginc sajpe revolut«3. Umballa interpctiolares. Patria. Africiv Australis. Ob8. .tsclcpim arborescciiH, fruticosn and setom^ are the three certain species of this genus ; but A. crispa has pro- bably the same structure. The flowers I liave examined, but have not soon the fruit. ./. ptibcscena ought probably to be altogether omitted ; for, according to tlie description and specimen in Linnjeus's I lerbarium, it is //. arborcncem, while according to tlu; reference to Plukenet, it is A. crispa. This observation I have copied from Mr. Dryander's notes. XYSMALOBIUM. [Asclepiadis sp. Linn. Char. Corolla 5fida, patens. Corona staminca summo tubo filamentorum imposita, simplici serie decempartita, laciniis 5 antheris oppositis carnosis, subrotundis, intus simpiicibus ; 5 reliquis nanis. Anthera raembrana terminatae. MasacB pollinis compressce, apice affixae, pendulae, pro- cessubus connectentibus latiusculis. 8H(jma muticum. Folliculi ventricosi, ramentacei. Semina comosa. Habitus. Frutices erecti. Folia opposita. Urn- (»« bella interpetiolares. Flores majusculi, limbo nunc bar- bate. Patria. Africa Australis. Obs. This genus at present consists of only two species, Asclepias undulata and grandijlora. CALOTROPIS. [Asclepiadis sp. Linn. Char. Corolla sub-campanulata, tubo angulato, angulis intus saccatis, limbo 5partito. Corona atatuinea ophylla, foliolis carinseformibus, tubo filamentorum longitudiualiter adnatis, basi recurva. 218 ON THE ASCLEPIADEiE. h V ! ' AntliercB membrana terminatse. Masso! pollinis compressae, apice attenuate affixae, peii- dulae. Stigma muticum. Folliculi ventricosi, laeves. Semina comosa. Habitus. Frutices erecti, glabri. Folia opposita, lata. Vmhellce interpetiolares. Flores speciosi. Patria. India Orientalis, et Persia. p Species. Asclepias gigantea et procera.] KANAHIA. Char. Corolla campanulata, limbo 5partito. Colmnna semi-inclusa. Corona staminea apice tnbi filamentoriim imposita, 5phyl]a, foliolis e basi incrassata subulatis, indivisis. Anther (B membrana terminatae. 40] Masses pollinis ventricosae, apice affixae, pendulae. Stigma muticum. Folliculi graciles, striati. Semina comosa? Habitus. Frutex? erectus. Folia opposita, plana. Pedunculi interpetiolares, apice fasciculatim multiflori, pe- dicellis imbricatis, basi unibracteatis. Patria. Arabia, ^[et Abyssinia.] Obs. Asclepias laniflora, Forsk. JEgypt. Arab. p. 51, Kanahh of the Arabs, is the only species of the genus. I have examined the flowers of an original specimen. The account of the fruit is taken from Forskael's description, and Vahl's figure. If 4 7 OXYSTELMA. Char. Corolla rotata, patens. Columna exserta. Corona staminea 5phylla, foliolis acutis, indivisis. AnthercB membrana terminatae. 1 Added in MS. by the author. ON THE ASCLEPIADE^. 219 Masses pollinis compressse, apice attenuate affixae, pen- dulse. Stigma muticum. Folliculi laeves. Semina comosa. Habitus. Suffrutices volubiles, glabri. Folia opposita. Macemi v. umhellce interpetiolares. Patria. India Orientialis et Nova Hollandia ? Obs. Periplocaesculenta, Z2V«;z. /S'wjOjo/. Boxh. Corom. [« 1, p. 13, t. 11, is the type of the genus, and perhaps the only genuine species ; for a New Holland plant which I have at present joined with it, differs considerably both in the form of its corolla and that of its corona. OXYPETALUM. Char. Corolla tubo brevi ventricoso; limbo 5partito, laciniis supra ligulatis. Corona staminea 5phylla, foliolis subrotundis siraplicibus, carnosis. Atitherce membrana terminatae. MassiE pollinis lineares, pendulae, affixa; curvaturae pro- cessuum, dein adscendentium. Stigma acumine elongato bipartite. Folliculi Habitus. Frutex volubilis. Folia opposita, cordata. Umhellce subcorymbosae, interpetiolares. Flores suaveo- lentes. Patria. America Meridionalis. Obs. The genus consists of a single species, which was discovered in 1768, near Rio de Janeiro, by Sir Joseph Banks. DIPLOLEPIS. Char. Corolla tubo brevi, urceolato, limbo 5partito. Corona staminea 5phylla, foUolis obtusis squamula na interiori auctis. mmmm vi -- • 1 320 ON THE ASCLEPIADEiE. i AnthercB membrana terminatae. Mas8a poUinis ventricosse, jiixta apicem affixse, pendulae. Stigma rostro elongate iridiviso. FoUiciili Habitus. \^Frutea) decnmbens, glaber. Folia oblonga, mucronulata, coriacea. Ci/nite congestae, extraalares et ter- rainales.] Patria. America Australis. Obs. Only one certain species is known, which was dis- covered by my friend Mr. Archibald Menzies, in Chili, near Valparaizo. Asclepias vomitoria of Kcenig's MSS., of which I have examined specimens in the Banksian Herbarium, agrees with this genus in many respects, especially in the form and insertion of its masses of pollen, but differs coi ^a- derably in appearance, and in having a blunt stigma. Nl n. HOLOSTEMMA. Char. Corolla subrotata, 5Hda. Corona imo tubo stamineo inserta, simplex, annularis, integra. AnthercB membrana termiuata?. Massce pollinis pendula?, comj)ressa), a})ice attenuate affixa). Stigma muticum. FoUiculi ventricosi, laeves. Semina comosa. Habitus. Fnitex volubilis, glaber. Folia opposita, lata. Umbello! interpetiolares, subsessiles. Flores speciosi. 43] Patria. India Orientalis. Obs. This is Ada-Kodien, Rhecd. Mai 9, p. 9, t. 7, in which the leaves are represented alternate, an error that is corrected in the description, which is excellent, and well accords with a specimen in the Banksian Herbarium col- lected by Dr. Patrick Russell. ' Added in MS. by the author. MM ■rif«iffTrjiTtn"i/i« H O > ^2 .a a o _g s a o <» < lb E^ w be ju o >.-s •^■^ g SI" en « & a -^^ 3"g a CO a u g o O 8 cm o a, a a Oh §3 o a. US cd a o* OJ o i-i S"a a to 3 A o .a "in a 2 & a a> o _5 "a. _o CO 1^ "a Jg =»« a^ a 3 "o O 3y „ o O CO ed "-2 &> « « us « eg U V B V O 3 a:^ au «2^ JS •2-S «> g* SOI '^i^ O) eS U M V .2 « a Pm 04 s '-"^ ON THE APOCINEy*;. 233 . J3 2 _2 ■-1 2 o JO— • ♦» O » n « ST .2 s-S ::? o. »»] APOCINE^. Sect. I. SEMINA COMOSA. A. Coma ad extremitatem umbilicalem {superiorem) seminis. ECHITES. [Broton. Echitides pleraeq. Jacq, Echitidis species, Linn. Char. Corolla hypocrateriformis, fauce tuboque esqua- matis. Laciniis limbi 5partiti inaequilateris. Stamina inclusa. Antherce sagittatae, medio stigrnati cohserentes, lobis posticis polline vacuis. Ovaria 2. Stylus 1, filiformis. Squama 5 hypogynae. Folliculi graciles. Habitus. Fruticea volubiles. Folia opposita, ciliis inter- petiolaribus glandulosis. Fedunculi interpetiolares, muiti- flori. Fiores utplurimum speciosi, albi, lutei et purpurei. Patria. America Meridionalis. Obs. Of Echites I have only examined E. umbellata, the original species when the species was established by Brow a «o] in his " History of Jamaica ;" biflora, circinalis, and Dominffensis : but, from the descriptions and figures of authors, especially of Jacquin, Swartz, and the authors of the " Flora Peruviana," I without hesitation refer to it the following species: E. suberecta Jacq. repens Jacq. agglutinata Jacq. asperuginis Swartz, torulosa Jacq. acu- minata Ft. Peruv. laxa Fl. Peruv. hirsuta Fl. Peruv. E. quinquangularis, Jacq. and annularis, Linn. Suppl. are probably not genuine species, on account of the prominent ON THK APOCINEiE. 235 ring of the faux, and E. glandiilosa Fl. Peruv. which ac- cording to the figure has a crown of 5 entire lacinise and the segments of the corolla equal-sided, must be excluded from this genus. E. siphilitica, the specimen of which in the Linnean Herbarium I have seen but not sufficiently examined, is somewhat doubtful. E. floribunda, coryrabosa and spicata are removed to another genus. The two re- markable species of South Africa, E. bispinosa and succu- lenta, require further examination ; for their peculiar habit indicates their being a distinct genus from Echites, which it would be desirable to limit to the species of tropical America : hence it will be necessary to re-examine certain plants of India that in many respects agree with this genus, eFpecially Tsjeria-pupal-valli of Rheed, Mai. 7, p. 103, /. 55, which appears to differ from Echites chiefly in having a calyx longer than the tube of the corolla, in the scales sur- rounding the ovarium being united, (which, however, is [6i also the case in E. Domingensis,) and in the greater quan- tity and density of the albumen, which is between fleshy and cartilaginous. The authors of the " Flora Peruviana " have reformed the character of Echites, but the scales which they describe between the calyx and corolla will certainly not n>aterially assist in distinguishing this genus from those most nearly related to it ; and I have observed a nearly similar struc- ture in most of the genera of this family, as well as of Asclepiadese : these scales, however, truly belong to the calyx, and are either five or ten in number, or more rarely consist of an uninterrupted series of cilise, not unlike those which so frequently occur within the footstalks of the leaves. My observations are not sufficiently numerous to enable me to determine whether their modifications might not gene- rally assist in characterizing genera, and I have, therefore, very seldom had recourse to them. i ICHNOCARPUS. Char. Corolla hypocrateriformis,lirabi laciniis dimidiatis, fauce tuboque esquamatis. LIBRARY NATIONAL MlJ^rzUM r^ « 236 ON THE APOUINEiE. II Stamina inclusa. Anthera sagittatae, a stigmate libersB. Ovaria2. /S/'y//* 1, filiformis. /S?e^»/a ovatum, acumi- natum. 82] Filamenta 5, hypogyna, staminibus altemantia. Folliculi graciles. Habitus. Frutex oppositifolius. Panicula terminalis, brachiata. Flores parvi. Patria. India Orientalis et Zeylona. Obs, This is the Apocynum frutescens Linn.y of which I have exalnined the original specimen in Hermann's herba- rium. The Quirivelia Zeylanica of Lamarck and Poiret, in Encycl. method, botan. vol. 6, p. 42, considered by them as Liimaeus's plant, must, from the description, be widely different, and probably does not belong to the same natural family. HOLARRHENA. Char. Corolla hypocrateriformis, laciniis sequilateris, fauce tuboque esquamatis. Stamina inclusa, imo tubo inserta. Aniherce n stigmate liberaB, lanceolatae, integrae, longitudinaliter poUiniferae. Ovaria 2. Stylus brevissimus. Stigma cylindraceum. Squama nuUae hypogynae. Folliculi graciles. Habitus. Frutices erecti, glabri. Folia membranacea. Cyma terminales et laterales. Patria. India Orientalis et Zeylona. Obs. This genus consists of two species ; one of which is 68] Carissa mitis, VaM, symb. 3, jd. 44 : a specimen of this, so named by Koenig, I have examined in the Banksian Col- lection. ISONEMA. Char. Corolla hypocrateriformis; fauce tuboque esqua- matis; limbo 5partito. ON THE APOCINE^. 237 Stamina exserta. Filamenta Fauci inserta, apice siraplicia. Anihera sagittatae, medio stigmati cohaerentes. Ovaria 2. Stylus 1, filiformis. Stigma incrassatum, obtusum. Squama nullae hypogynae. Folliculi Habitus. Frutex erectus? oppositifolius, pilosus. Pa- nicula terminalis, brachiata, floribus corymbosis. Calycia foliola basi intus squama duplici. Coroliae (semuncialis) tubus cylindraceus, intus medio barbatus. Patria. Africa iEquinoctialis. {H. SmeathnaUy in Herb. Banks.) VALLARIS. [Burnt. Ind. 51. Pergulariae sp. Linn. Char. Corolla liypocrateriformis ; fauce tuboque esqua- matis, limbo 5fido obtuso. Stamina exserta. Filamenta fauci inserta, brevissima, apice extus gibbere carnoso. Antherce sagittatae, medio stigmati cohaerentes. Ovarium ^biloculare. Stylus filiformis. Stigma conico- ovatum. Squama 5, hypogynae, basi connatae, apicibus ciliatis. re* Folliculi Habitus. Frutex volubilis, oppositifolius. Pedunculi interpetiolares, dichotomi. Flores corymbosi, suaveolentes. Patria. India Orientalis. Obs. This is the Flos Pergulanus of Rumphius, which Linnaeus considered as the first species of his genus Pergu- laria : it does not, however, belong to the same order with the plant that afforded his generic character, and to which the name has been since generally applied. PARSONSIA. [Echitidis sp. Jacq. et Swartz. Char. Corolla infundibuliforinis, fauce tuboque esqua- matis, limbo 5partito, recurvo, laciniis aequilateris. 238 ON THE APOCINEiE. / Stamina exserta. Filamenta medio v. juxta basin tubi inserta, filiformia. Anthera sagittatse, medio stigmati cohaerentes, lobis posticis polline destitutis. Ovaria 2, v. 1, biloculare. Stylus 1. Stigma dilatatum. SquamcB 5, hypogynae, distinctae, v. connatae. Folliculi 2, distincti, v. cohaerentes. Habitus. Frutices volubiles. Folia opposita. Flores 66] cymosi, v. racemosi, racemis saepe compositis, terminales V, interpetiolares, parvi, colore in variis vario. Patkia. America Meridionalis et Australasia. Obs. The American species of this genus, viz. Echites corymbosa Jacq. floribunda Siv. and sp'- "ta Jacq. differ considerably from the rest, which are natives of New Hol- land and New Z3aland. Among these, the only published species is Periploca capsularij. For at. prod. n. 126. When the fruit of all has been examined, they will probably be divided in the following manner : t Americana;. Ovariis diiobus. FoUiculis distinctis. tt Austral asienses. O vario biloculari. FoUiculis longi- tudinaliter cohaerentibus. . '/ The genus is named in memory of Dr. James Parsons, the author of a Dissertation on the Analogy between the Pro- pagation of Animals and that of Vegetables, and of an unfinished work, entitled, " The Microscopical Theatre of Seeds." The Parsonsia of Brown, which Linnaeus reduced to Lythrum, is a species of Cuphea. J r 661 LYONSIA. Char. Corolla infundibuliformis, fauce tuboque esqua- matis, limbo 5partito, recurvo, laciniis aequilateris: aestiva- tione valvata. Stamina exserta. Filamenta medio tubo inserta, fili- formia. Anthera sagittatse, medio stigmati cohaerentes, lobis posticis polline vacuis. Ovarium biloculare. Sli/lm 1, filiformis, apice dilatato. Stigma subconicum. ON THK APOCINK^. 239 ' Squama 5, hypogynae, connatae. Capsida cyMndracea, bilocularis, valvis folliculiformibus, dissepimento parallelo libero utrinque seminifero. Habitus. i^/*M^^<2? volubilis. 2^o/i« opposita. Cymaievmi' nales, trichotomse. Flores inter minores, limbo barbato. Patrta. Nova HoUandia. '■ Obs. This genus is perhaps too nearly related to the New Holland portion of Parsonsia, from which it differs chiefly in its fruit being capsular. It is nanicd in memory of Israel Lyons, author of " Fasciculus Plantarum circa Cantabrigiam nascentium," and from whom Sir Joseph Banks received his earliest instructions in botany. APOCYNUM. [Apocyni sp. Linn, et Jusa. [«7 Char. Corolla campanulata. I'ubm denticulis 5, acutis, inclusis, laciniis limbi oppositis. Faux nuda. Stamina inclusa. Anthera sagittatae, medio stigmati cohaBrentes, lobis posticis polUne vacuis. Ovaria 2. Styli subnuUi. Stigma dilatatum, apice conico. Squama 5, hypogynae. Folliculi graciles, distincti. Habitus. Herhce perennes, er .ctae. Folia opposita, membranacea. Flores cymosi. Patria. America Borealis, 3t Eu;opa AustraUs. Obs. The Linnean genus Apocynum at present contains many plants widely difierent from the species of which it originally consisted. Most of the spurious species I have already referred to different genera, and I here add specific characters of all the genuine species with which I am acquainted. 1. A. androaamifolium, foliis ovatis glabris, cymis termi- nahbus lateralibusque, tubo coroUae calycem Ms superante. Apocynum androssemifolium, Linn. 240 ON THE APOCINE^. n I; I 68] 2. A. cannahinum, foliis lanceolatis u^rinque acutis glabris, cymis paniculatis, calyce tubum corolU3 aequante. Apocynum cannabinum, Linn. 3. A. hypericifolium, foliis oblongis glabris brevissirne petiolatis mucronatis : basi obtusa subcordata, cymis folio brevioribus, calyce tubiim corollse aequante. Apocynum hypericifolium, Hort. Kew. 4. A. pubeacens, foliis ovato-oblongis mucronatis ; basi obtusis ; utrinque cymLque breviore pubescentibus, calyce coroUam subsequante. Hab. In Virginia. Mitchell, in Herb. Banks, (ubi V. s.) 5. A. SibiricmUy foliis ovato-oblongis mucronatis gla- bris; basi obtusa, cymis terminalibus pedunculatis pul- vereo-pubescentibus, tubo coroUae calycem superante. Hab. In salsis desertorum Astrachanensium. P. 8. Pallas, M.I)., in Herb. Banks, (ubi v. s.) 6. A. Venet>'i, foliis oblongo-ellipticis glabris mucro- natis ; basi SL nuata, cymis paniculatis lateralibus ter- minalibusque, oai/ce tubum corollse aequante. Apocynum venetum, Linn. \1 1? I 6»] CRYPTOLEPIS. Char. Corolla infundibuliformis. Tubus squamulis 5, obtusis, inclusis, laciniis limbi alternantibus. Faux nuda. Stamina inclusa, imo tubo inserta. Anthera sagittatse. Ovaria 2. Styli 0. Stigma dilatatum, apiculo conico. Squamula 5, hypogynae. Folliculi . V . Habitus. Frutex volubilis. Folia opposita, paginis dis- coloribus, inferiore venosa. Corymhi interpetiolares sub- sessiles brevissimi. Patria. India Orientalis. {Franciscus Buchanan, M.B., in Herb. Banks.) ON THE APOCINI',^.. 241 (ubi PRESTONIA. Char. Corolla hypocrateriforniis. Fauoc coronata tubulo aiinulari indiviso 8quamisc^t 5, interioribus laciniis limbi alternantibus. Anther a serai-exsertae, sagittatae, medio stigniati cohsR- rentes, lobis poslicis polline vacnis. Ovaria 2. St^/lus 1, filiformis, apice dilatato. Stiff mn turbinatum apiculo angustiore. Urceolus hyT^o^mxs, 1-phyllus. FoUiculi Habitus. Frutex volubilis, toraentosus. Folia oppo- sita, toraentosa. Corymbi congest! interpetiolares. Calyx pn foliaceus, laciniis basi intus squamulu instruotis. Patria. America Meridionalis. P. tomentosa. Hab. In sepibus prope Rio de Janeiro, in Brasilia, de- texit Josephm Banks, Baronctfus. Obs. This genus is named in memory of Dr. Charlf.s Preston, the correspondent of Ray, and styled by him, " eruditissiraus vir, et curiosissimus stirpium observator." Many of his observations, chiefly on the more minute plants, occur in Ray's "Methodus emendatp.' Blair also mentions him as an ingenious and expert botanist. ID., BALFOURIA. Char. Corolla infundibuliformis. Faux coronata tu- bulo crenulato. Limbi laciniae recta?, aequilateres. Stamina semi-exserta, fauci 'nserta. Anther cb sagittatae, medio stigmati cohaerentes, muc onatae. Ovarium biloculare. Stylus 1, filifonms, apice dilatato. Stigma angulatum. Squamulce 10, basi calycis extra corolla m insertae : hy- pogynae nuUae. FoUiculi Habitus. Arbor inter minores. Folia opposita, lanceo- 16 242 ON THE APOCINEiB. VI] lato-linearia, falcata, denticulis interpctiolaribus. triiidse, laterales ct terminalcs. Patria. Nova Hollandia tropica. Cyi.KB Obs. I have named this genus in memory of Sir Andrew Balfour; the founder of the Edinburgh Botanic Garden and Museum, of whose merits in natural history, especially in botany, an interesting account is given by his friend Sir Robert Sibbald, in a small volume, entitled, "Memoria Balfouriana." NERIUM. [Nerii sp. Linn, et Jiiss. Char. Corolla hypocrateriformis. Faux coronata fo- liolis lacero-multifidis. l.imbi laciniis tortis, inaequalateris, ecaudatis. Stamina. Filamenta medio tubo inserta. Anthera sagittatae aristatae, medio stigmati cohserentes. Ovaria 2. Stylus 1, filiformis, apice dilatato. Stigma obtusum. Squama nullse hypogynae .... denticuli in basi calycis, extra coroUam. Folliculi cylindracei. Habitus. Frutices erecti. Folia terna, elongata, coria- cea, venis numerosis, parallelis. Patria. India Orientalis. 72] Obs. The only true species of Nerium are, N. Ole- ander, odorumy and probably salicinum, Forsk. Nerium Zeylanicum and antidysentericum, form a very distinct genus, which I have named Wrightia. N. coro- narium is probably a Taberncemontana, and N. divaricatuni, from an examination of the specimen in Hermann's Her- barium, on which this species entirely rests, I believe to be the same plant. Nerium obesum, Forsk., seems to be sui generis : it cannot, at least, be a Nerium. \ ^^ ON TIIK APOCINF.if;. 213 STROPITANTHUS, Decandolle. [Echitidis sp. LimK Char. Corolla infundibuliformis. Faux coronata squa- mulis decern, indivisis. Limbi lacinia) caudata). Stamina medio tubo inserta. Anthera sagittata;, aris- tatae, v. mucronatae. Ovaria 2. Stylus 1, filiforniia, apice dilatato. Slit/mn subcylindraceum. Squama 5, hypogynaj. Polliculi Habitcs. Frutices sarmentosi. Folia oppositn. Patria. Africa ^quinoctialis, et India Orientalis. B. Coma ad extremitatem umbilico obversam {iv/criorem) rrs spminis. WRIGHTIA. [Nerii sp. Linn. Char. Corolla hypocrateriformia. Faux coronata squa- mis decern, divisis. Stamina exserta. Filamenta fauci inserta. Anthertc sagittatse, medio atigmati cohaerentes. Ovaria 2, cohaerentia. Stylus 1, filiformis, apice dila- tato. Stigma angustius. Squamce 5-10, basi calycis extra corollam inserta?. Folliculi distincti, v. cohaerentes, placentis adnatis. Habitus. Frutices erecti, arboresve minores. Folia op- posita. Cbr^OTi2 subterminales. Flares ^\n. Albumen 0. Embryo cotyledonibus longitudinaliter involutis, albus, aqu^ calidd immersus roseiis evadit ! Patria. India Orientalis, Zeylona, Archipelago Malaica, et Nova HoUandia tropica. Obs. Gaertner has given an excellent account of the fruit of this genus, in his description of Nerium Zeylani- cum, and he no doubt supposed, that the fruit of Nerium Oleander was essentially the same. It is, however, very remarkably different. And no genus is more distinct in habit, or more beautifuUv characterized than this, which I ■"^V"T' 24.t ON THE APOCINK;*. have dedicated to my much respected friend, William 74] Wright, M.D,, F.R.S.L. & E., whose ardour in the pur- suit of botanical knowledge, even while engaged in exten- sive medical practice, in the island of Jamaica, has long entitled him to this mark of distinction. 1. W. antidyspnterica, foliis obovato-oblongis breviter acuminatis glabris, corymbis subterminalibus, tubo corollae calyce 6ies longiore, folliculis distinctis. Nerium foliis ovatis acuminatis petiolatis, Linn. Flor. Zeyl. 107, fide speciminis in herbario Ilernianni. Nerinm antidysentericum, Linn. sp. pi. ed. 2,j». 306. Hab. In Zeylona. Hermann^ et /. G. Kcsnig, in Herb. Banks. Obs. Codaga pala, Rheed, vial. \,p. 85, t. 47, vix hujus loci, praesertim ob diversam figuram foliorum, et coronse defectum ; ideoque forsan Holarrhenae species. 2. W. Zeylanica, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis subacuminatis glabris, corymbis terminalibus, tubo corollae calyce 4-5ie8 Jongiore, folliculis distinctis. Nerium Zeylonicum, Linn. Amcen. Acad. 4, p. 309*. Hab. In Zeylona. Exemplar visum ex Herbario fuit T>. Van Royen, nunc in Museo Banksiano. Obs. Pra3cedenti nirais affinis, diversa praesertim figura foliorum, quae etiam paulo minora sunt. 3. W. tinctoria, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis ovatisque acu- 75] rainatis glabris, ramis corymbisque divaricatis, corollae tubo calyce duplo longiore, folliculis distinctis. Hab. In India Orientali. /. G. Koeniy, M.D., et Gul. Moichurgh^ M.D., in Herb. Banks, (ubi v. s.) 4. W.pubescens, foliis elliptico-oblongis acuminatis calyci- busque pubescentibus, corymbis erectis, tubo corollae calyce parum longiore, folliculis cohaerentibus. Has. In Novae Hollandiae ora septentrionali Arnhems Land, et in insula Timor prope Coepang, (ubi v. v.) ON TUB APOClNEiV;. 245 C. Semina pellata, ciliala, utriusque extremitatia ciliis elongatis comosa. ALSTOXIA. [Echitidis sp. Linn. Chak. Corolla hypocrateriformis, fuuce tuboque esqua- niatis. Stamina inclusa. Antherce lanceolatse, longitudinaliter polliniferae, a stigmate libera.*. Ovaria 2. Stylus 1, filiforniis, apice dilatato. Stigma subconicuni. Squamulce nullsB hypogynsD, nee calycinse. Follicifli teretes. Habitus. Arbores saepe proceroc, lactescentes. Folia verticillata vel opposita, costata, glabra. Cpna terminales, paniculatac. Flores sacpius albi. FolHculi plerumque longissimi. Patria. India Orientalis, Archipelago Malaica, et [7« Insulsc Societatis. Obs. Had Linnaeus examined the fruit of this genus, or even attended to tiie figure given of it in the " Hortus Malabaricus" (of which work, it is proper to observe, he had not a copy), it is probable he would have distinguished it from Echites, to which it has so little affinity. As it is, I am happy in having it in my power to commemorate the merits of Dr. Alston, the predecessor of Dr. Hope, by so distinct and splendid a genus. The Alstonia of the Younger Linnaeus, is, according to L'Heritier, a species of Symplocos. 1. A. scholaris, foliis verticillatis 5-7 obovato-oblongis obtusis costatis venaque margini approximata cinctis, cymis breviter pedunculatis, limbo corollas parum barbatis, folliculis longissimis. Pala, Bheed. mat. \,p. 81, t. 45, optima. 246 ON THE APOCINEit;. Lignum scholare, Bumph. amb. 2, p. 246, t. 82, quoad descriptionem, sed iigura potius sequentis. Echites scholaris, Linn. mant. 53. Hab. In India Orientali et in Insulis Moluccanis. (v. s in Herb. Banks.) 2. A. spectabilis, foliis quatcrnis elliptico-oblongis sub- 771 acuminatis costatis : margine simplicibus, cymis pedun- culaiia folio brevioribus, corolla limbo barbato, folliculis longip ■iimis. Hab. In Insula Timor prope Coepang, cum floribus fructibiisque Aprili 1803 observavi. Obs. Praecedenti quam maxime affinis, sed revera dis- tincta, »:3C male ab icone cit. Rumphii repraesentata ; de- scriptio autem A. scholari melius convenit. 3. A. venenata, foliis quaternis oblongo-lancsolatis acuminatis basi attenuatis, cymis dichotomis, corollae tubo sursum ampliato ; limbo imberbi acuto, folliculis utrinque attenuatis folium vix gequantibus. Hab. In India Orientali, Gul. Roxhurgh, MB. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) 4. A. costata, foliis oppositis elliptico-oblongis acuminatis costatis, cymis effusis, limbi laciniis imberbibus lanceolatis tubo longioribus, folliculis longissimis. Echites costata, For st. prod. n. 123. Hab. In Insulis Otaheite et Ulaietea, inter juga montium (insularibus Attahe nuncupata). Joaephm Banks, Ba- roneitus. (v. s. in Herb. Banks.) Obs. Kametti-valli, Bheed. mal. 9, p. 23, t. 14, which is given in Willdenow's sp. pi. l,p. 1240, as a synonyme of this plant, differs in the shortness of the folliculi, and in 78] having winged and naked seeds. Rheede also describes his plant as being a climber. The seeds of the Otaheite plant, which forms * moderate-sized tree, are distinctly ON THE APOClNEiE. 247 ciliated ; but I am not certain that the ciliae are so remark- ably elongated at each extremity, aa in the other species ; and it may, therefore, be a connecting hnk between this section of Apocineae, in which I have placed it, and the nearly related genera Plumeria, Cameraria, and Vinca. mwrnw^^B't^^^^^^m^ I ox WOODSIA, A NEW GENUS OF FERNS. Br ROBERT BROWN, Esq., F.R.S., Lib. Linn. Soc. (Read Novembeb 7tu, 1812.) [Ejctracledft'om ' The Tmmactiom of the Litmean Societu of London ' Fo/. X/./y 170— 174.^ ^ 1 i ON WOODSIA, [170 A NEW GENUS OF FERNS. There is perhaps no tribe of cryptogamous plants which since the time of Linnaeus has received greater additions to its number of species, or more considerable improvements in its systematic arrangement, than the Filices; and certainly no botanist has so essentially con- tributed to these improvements as the President of this Society ; whose ingenious Essay on Dorsiferous Ferns may justly be considered as the groundwork of the more com- plete dissertations of Professors Swartz and Bernhardi, which have appeared since its publication.^ Linnaeus, in his latest work, the 18th edition of the Sya- tema Vegetabiliumy enumerates scarcely more than 200 Ferns, which he referred to twelve genera: while the Species Plantarum of the late Professor \\illdenow contains upwards of a thousand plants of the same order, arranged under forty-three genera. It is however remarkable, that of this vast number of species nearly one half belong to four of the Linnean genera, namely, Polypodium, Acrosti- chum, Asplenium, and Pteris, all of which were first pro- posed by Ray in his Methodiis Plantarum Emendata^ pub- lished in 1703; without names, indeed, but with cha-cni racters nearly similar to those of Linnaeus. It appears, therefore, that the arrangement of Ferns at present universally followed is not wholly new : and that it has not attained such a degree of perfection as to super- * An. 1793, in Mm. de V Academic Royale des Sciences de Turin, vol. v, p. 401. 253 ON WOODSIA. sede all changes in nomenclature, may be inferred from the genus Polypodium alone, though reduced nearly one half by its present character, still including 157 species, or upwards of a seventh part of the whole order. The expediency of subdividing Polypodium, as well as some of the other genera mentioned, especially Jcrostichum, is indeed obvious, not merely on account of their great extent, but also from the striking differences in habit ex- isting among the species referred to each. I have, some time ago,^ had an opportunity of remarking, that the plants referred to Polypodium, P. ilvense and hyperhoreum, form a distinct genus, from the peculiar structure of their involuprum, even the existence of which had escaped preceding observers. This genus I have named in honour of my friend Mr. Joseph Woods, whose merits as an accurate and skilful English botanist are well known to many of the members of this Society : and the object of the present communica- tion is to illustrate it by some additional observations on its structure, and by a very perfect drawing, for which I am indebted to the friendship of Mr. Francis Bauer. The character distinguishing Woodsia from all other genera of Ferns hitherto established, consists in its invo- lucrum being inserted under the group of capsules, or, as it is technically called, the sorus, which it completely sur- rounds at the base ; while it is in every stage open at the 172] top, having its margin divided into a number of capillary segments, which from their length and incurvation en- tirely conceal the young capsules, and in a great measure the full-grown. That so singular a structure should have been hitherto unnoticed, even though both species of the genus have been described and figured since the publication of Dr. Smith's memoir, is not perhaps to be wondered at: for the membranaceous base of the involucrum is completely concealed by the capsules, and the marginal hairs, which alone are visible, exactly resembling the pubescence of the frond, have been universally confounded with it. > Pyodr. Fl. Nov. Uoll. i, p. 158, Obs. IV. • #~~M>^. -•>•«.. .'■*»•• ON WOODSIA. 253 The difficulty, too, of separating the membrane entire from the frond, to which, by the pressure of the capsules, it is closely applied, is so considerable, that, since the pub- lication of my remark already quoted, its existence has been doubted by a botanist, whose opinion, especially in whatever regards this order of plants, is of peculiar weight, and in opposition to which I should not retain full con- fidence in my own observations, though frequently repeated, were they not so distinctly confirmed by Mr. Bauer's ex- cellent drawing. I first observed the involucrum six years ago in living plants of Woodsia hyperhorea, and have since repeatedly ascertained its existence in dried specimens of the same species, and of Woodsia ilvensia. These two plants are indeed so nearly related, that I find myself unable to con- struct for them clear specific characters ; and therefore, in proposing them here as distinct species, I am, from want of sufficient materials to determine the question, rather fol- lowing the prevailing opinion than my own. To the characters and synonyms which follow, I have not thought it necessary to add descriptions of the two supposed species, these having been given by several of the authors referred to, and in every respect correctly, except what regards the involucrum. WOODSFA. [ITS Sori dorsales, subrotundi. Involucrum calyciforme apertum margine crinitum : in- cludens Capsulaa pedicellatas : receptaculo communi elevato nuUo. Filiculae, frondibus coispitosis^ pinnatim divisis ; pills simplicibus squamulisqne angustis instructs. 1 . ilvensis. W. frondibus bipinuatifidis, pinnis oblongis, pinnulis confluentibus multifloris : inferioribus subrepandis ; infimis subaequalibus. Polypodium ilvense, Swartz, Si/nop. Ml. 39. Willden. Sp. PI. 5,j». 198. Schkuhr, Crypt. 16, t. 19. 254 ON W00D8IA. Acrostichum ilvense. lAnn. Sp. PL ed. 2, p. 1528. Nephrodium lanosuin. Michaux, Amer. 2, j». 198. Habitat in rupibus Europse et Americse borealis. {v. v.) 2. hyperhorea. W. frondibus pinnatis, pinnis triangu- laribus oblongisve inciso-pinnatifidis : lobis integerrimis paucifloris : antico baseos productiore. Tab. 38 (XI). Polypodium hyperboreum. Swartz, Synop. Fil, 39. Willden. Sp. PL b,p. 197. Fny. Bot. 2023. Polypodium arvonicum. Smithy Fl. Brit. S,p. 1115.* Polypodium ilvense. Witheriny, Arrany. ed. 3, t. 3, p. 774. Acrostichum hyperboreum. Liljeblad in Act. Stock- holm. 1793, p. 201. t. 8*. Acrostichum alpinum. BoHon, Ml. Brit. 76, t. 42. Ceterach alpinum. Lamarck et Becandolle^ Fl. Fran. 2, p. 567. Habitat m Europse alpibus (v. v.) v.. ON WOODSIA. 255 EXPLANATION OF TAB. 38 (XI). [174 FtO. 1. A native specimen of Woodaia hi/perborea, natural size. 2. The stipes and lower part of the frond of the same plant, magnified 3 times in diameter. 3. A pinna of the same plant, magnified 10 diam. 4. A pinna from another specimen, in which the clusters of capsules (sori) are more numerous and confluent, 10 diam. B. A single cluster of capsules within their involucrum, the membranaceous base of which they entirely conceal, magnified 50 diam. (2500 times in superficies). C. The involucrum spread open, with only one cap- sule left in it, magnified 50 diam. 7. An unripe capsule. 8, 9. Side and back views of a ripe capsule. 10, 11. Capsule opening and entirely burst, shedding its seeds. 12. A seed magnified 200 diam. 13. A frond of a cultivated plant of the same species, natural size. magnified 50 diam. J p OBSERVATIONS OS THE NATURAL FAMILY OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITE. ROBERT BROWN, F.R.S., COBBBSFONDINQ MEHBBR OF THE BOYAL INSTITUTE OF FRANCE, AND O? THE liOYAL ACADEMIES OF HCIBNCES OF BEBLIN AND U0NIOH ; MEMBER OF THE WEBNERIAN 800IET7 OF EDINBUBOH, LIBB. LINN. SOC. (Ebad Feb, 6th and 20th, 1816.) \_Extractedfro7n ' The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London,^ Vol. XII, pp. 76—142.] LONDON. 1817. If mmn f I w^'mmmmmmmmmm 'f :j»vr if OBSEBVATIONS OK COMPOSITyE. The class Syngencsia of the Linnean artificial system, [7« as at present limited, constitutes a family strictly natural, and by far the most extensive in the vegetable kingdom. It is also, with the exception of Grasses only, the most generally diffused, and is almost equally remarkable with that order, for the great apparent uniformity in the struc- ture of its essential parts of fructification. This class of plants, for which 1 retain the established name CojiPOSiTiE, in preference to any of those recently proposed, has lately become the subject of a minute and accurate examination by Mons. Henri Cassini ; two of whose Memoirs on the Style and Stamina of the class, already published in the Journal de Physique,^ are in my opinion models for botanical investigation. A few years before the publication of M. Cassini's Memoirs on Composita; I was induced to examine a consi- derable part of this extensive family, chiefly with a view to the more accurate determination of the New Holland plants belonging to it. My principal object in the present paper is to communi- cate such general observations, the results of this investi- gation, as either have not yet been published by M. Cassini, or respecting which I consider myself to have anticipated that author in my General Remarks on the Botany of New 1 Of 1813 and 1814. WT 260 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY i . i 771 Holland, appended to Captain Flinders's Voyage to Terra Australis. 'J'o these observations I shall add some remarks on certain genera of Compositae, which occur repeatedly under different names in late systematic works, and whose structure and limits appear to be imperfectly un- derstood. My ^rst observation relates to the peculiar disposition of the nerves or vessels of the corolla of this family of plants. In the essay already mentioned, which appeared early in the summer of 1814, I have noticed this peculiarity in the following terms •} "The whole of Compositae agree in two remarkable points of structure of their corolla ; which, taken together at least, materially assist in determining the limits of the class. The first of these is its valvular aestivation ; this, however, it has in common with several other families. The second I believe to be peculiar to the class, and hitherto unnoticed. It consists in the disposition of its fasciculi of vessels or nerves ; these, which at their origin are generally equal in number to the divisions of the corolla, instead of being placed opposite to these divisions, ar'l passing through their axes, as in other plants, alternate with them ; each of the vessels at the top of the tube dividing into two equal branches, running parallel to and near the margins of the corresponding laciniae, within whose apices they unite. These, as they exist in the whole class and are in great part of it the only vessels observable, may be called primary. In several genera, however, other vessels occur, alternating with the primary, and occupying the axes of the laciniae : in some cases these secondary vessels being most distinctly visible in the laciniae, and becoming gradually fainter as they descend the tube, might be regarded as recurrent; originating from the united apices of the primary 78] branches; but in other cases, where they are equally distinct at the base of the tube, this supposition can hardly be admitted. A monopetalous corolla, not splitting at the [' rol.i,p.'60.] OP PLANTS CALLED COMPOSIT.E. 261 base, is necessarily connected with this structure, which seems also peculiarly well adapted to the dense inflo- rescence of Compositae ; the vessels of the corolla and stamina being imited and so disposed as to be least liable to suffer by pressure. " At the date of this publication I certainly had no know- ledge of any similar observations having been previously made : but I now see in M. Cuvier's account of the pro- ceedings of the Institute of France for 1815, that M. Cassini is considered to have anticipated me on this subject, and as he says in "terraes non equivoques." What these terms are, appears by a letter I have received from M. Cassini himself, in which he states his claim to rest on the following passage : "Chaque fleur hermaphrodite ou male contient cinq etamines, correspondant aux cinq nervures de la CoroUe et par consequent alternes avec ses lobes." This passage occurs in a Memoir on the Stamina of Compositae, which was read to the Institute of France in July 1813, and first appeared with the substance of that Memoir in the Journal de Physique, said to be for April 1814; but the actual date of the publication of which I have reason to believe was somewhat later, and very nearly corresponding with that at which M. de Jussieu was in possession of a copy of my essay containing the observations already quoted, I conclude it is not supposed I could have been acquainted with the passage in the original memoir, unless the report usually made on memoirs read to the Institute should have been printed, and should have actually noticed this passage, or the discovery it is now said to contain. But independently of the near equality of dates, I cannot consider my observations as either wholly or even in any [79 considerable degree anticipated by the passage in ques- tion. My observations notice not only the disposition of the five vessels in the tube of the corolla, but their rami- fication in the laciniae, by no means a necessary conse- quence of that disposition ; they notice also the existence, in several genera of Compositae, of five vessels alternating "i mvmi •■"•T'lir^Bniiwiim 262 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY I with those, and which I considered secondary in this order, tliough they occupy the place of the primary vessels in other families : and it is this inverted disposition, indicated in the greater part of the class by the primary being the only vessels existing, which I have considered as of material importance in determining the limits of Composita?, though by no means as affording an essential practical character for the whole class. In the passage quoted from M. Cassini (the only one I can find relative to the subject in the memoir in which it occurs), the existence of five nerves or vessels in the tube of the corolla, alternating with its lacinise, is stated, but their division and disposition in the laciniae are not noticed; it is at the same time to be inferred from the terms of the passage, that no other vessels exist in the tube of the corolla : and it is equally evident that, so far from announcing this disposition of vessels as a discovery, or peculiar to the order, the author rather considers it either as a fact already known, or as the usual structure. That M. Cassini was not then aware of the importance of the fact which he had imperfectly stated, appears likewise from his having, many months after his memoir was read, and at a time when he says he had finished his analysis of the corolla, proposed a name for the class, taken from a sup- posed peculiarity in the structure of the filament, a name which he is now inclined to abandon for one derived from the disposition of vessels in the corolla. 80] Since my attention has l)ecn again turned to the sub- ject, I have endeavoured to collect all that has been observed on the nerves or vessels of the corolla of Compositae, a brief account of which may be not altogether without interest. The earliest notice I have been able to find is contained in a passage (in page 170) of Grew's Anatomy of Plants, where, in speaking of syngenesious flosculi, he says, " they are frequently ridged, or as it were hem'd like the edge of a band.'"' And his figure of a magnified floret of th(^ common Marigold, in tab. 61, gives a tolerable idea of the marginal vessels of its ]acinia3. Grew however takes no # OP PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITiE. 263 notice of the trunks from which these branches arise, either in his text or plates. Van Berkhey, in his Dissertation on Compositae, pub- lished at Leyden in 1760, though he makes no mention of the nerves of the corolla in his text, yet in all the magnified figures he has given both of ligulate and tubular florets, correctly represents the trunks of the primary vessels, with- out, however, noticing their ramification in the laciniae. I am anticipated therefore by this author's figures exactly in the same degree as by the passage contained in M. Cassini's second memoir. The accurate Schmidel, in the few Compositae which occur in his Icones, has correctly represented the trunks of the primary vessels, but has equally omitted their rami- fications. In the Analysis Florum of Batsch, a work published in 1790, the object of which was to give an idea of the struc- ture of the natural families of plants, by a minute de- scription and magnified figures of one or more species selected from each. Coreopsis fripteris occurs ; and although the vessels of its tubular floret are very indistinctly figured, yet both their trunks and branches are correctly de- scribed. The same author however, who in 1802 pub- lished an ingenious work on the natural families of m plants,^ takes no notice of the vessels of the corolla in the character of Compositae which he has there proposed. In the figures of syngenesious plants given by Schkuhr,^ wherever the ligulae of Cichoracece are magnified, the trunks of the nerves are correctly represented ending in the sinuses ; unless in one plate containing Lactuca virosa and Sofic/iHs sibiricm, in both of which the vessels are made to pass through the axes of the teeth ; but in no case are the marginal branches noticed. It is singular that this gene- rally accui'ate author, in the many magnified figures he has given of tubular florets, has only in two cases represented the trunks of their vessels, namely in Echinops Ritro, where they are correctly placed, and in Silphium trifoUatum. ' Tabula- affinitatutn recni vcgetabilis. * III Bolanbrlics Hniidbucli 264 OlJSEllVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY L^ where, though only five vessels are visible, they are erro- neously made to pass through the axes of the lacinioe. The only remaining author that notices these vessels is M. Mirbel, who in the second part of his valuable Eleniens de Physiolvigie Vegetale et de Botanique, published in 1815, introduces into his character of Corapositae the fact of the laciniae of the corolla being furnished with marginal nerves. This observation, if not original, the author may have adopted either from my essay already quoted, of which he was in possession soon after its publication, or from M. Cassini's third memoir, which was read to the Institute of France six months after that essay appeared : but he could not have derived it from the passage in that author's second memoir, on which he rests his claim ; no notice being there taken of the disposition of vessels in the laciniae. In M. Cassini's memoir expressly on the Corolla of Compositse, which was read to the Institute of France in December 1814, and of which an abstract, by the author 82] himself, is given in a late number of the Nouveau Bul- letin des Sciences, the disposition of vessels in the corolla is expressed in the following terms : " Chacun des cinq petales dont se compose la coroUe est muni de deux nervures tres simples qui le bordent d'un bout a I'autre des deux cotes, et confluent par consequent au sommet." On this statement I have several remarks to oiFer. And first, I object to its hypothetical language. Whatever opinion may be formed of the theory here adopted by the author, namely, that every monopetalous corolla is in reality composed of several confluent petals ; a theory first proposed by Linnaeus himself in his Prolepsis Plantarum, and ably supported on different grounds by Mons. Decan- dolle in his excellent Theorie Elementaire de la Botanique ; I can see no advantage in adopting its language in stating a fact of this kind, especially if proposed as a practical character. For my own part, I consider this opinion as correct in the sense in which it was held by Linnaeus, witbo^it how- E ! i I OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITiE. 265 ever, connecting with it the ingenious hypothesis of M. Decandolle, naujely, that petals are only modified stamina. It remains to be seen on what ground M. Cassini has adopted this theory, as proposed by M. Decandolle, for Compositae, the only family which seems to present a very important objection to it, in having its principal, and in the greater part of the order its only, vessels occupying the lines of junction of the supposed united petals. To adapt this disposition of vessels to the theory, M. Cassini is obliged to subdivide their apparently simple trunks; a division, however, which may be regarded as entirely hypothetical. From the observations I have made on the subject, I have no doubt that these trunks are equally simple with the secondary nerves when present, or with tlie ])rimary in other families. I find them to con- sist of tv o kinds of vessels, the spiral and ligneous. Of the spiral vessels there are generally several in the cord : in Ilelianthua multijtoriis, however, I have not been able [83 to find more than one, cither in the trunk of the nerve above the insertion of btamina, or in the branches of the laciniae. It will be of some interest to verify this fact (which I by no means give with absolute confidence), both on account of the apparently formidable objection it pre- sents to the theory in question, and also that, in following it up by an examination of the point of division, a clearer idea may be obtained of the ramification of spirftl vessels than has hitherto been given. My second objection to M. Cassini's account is, that he describes the nerves as marginal through their whole length. I have formerly, in the passage already quoted, stated them to be parallel and approximated to the margins of the lacinia3. Perhaps in no instance can the branches be considered as strictly marginal ; in many cases they are manifestly distinct from the margins, and in the genus Hymenopapyus are further removed from them than from the axis of the lacinias. In //. scabiosaua there is also an evident inequality of the two branches in each lacinia, the stronger extending nearly to the apex, while the weaker either entirely disappears before it reaches tlie stronger, or 266 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL ¥ ilLY ! I II unites with it considerably below its termination. In //. tenuifolius this irregularity is still greater ; one branch being not unfrequently altogether wanting, and even the re- maining branch considerably weakened : where this happens a secondary vessel is always produced, though very few flosculi are furnished with five complete middle nerves. To the fact stated by M. Cassini that the lateral nerves are always simple, I have met 'with only one apparent exception, in an unpublished species of Madia, where they are connected by a few branches with the secondary or M4] middle nerve, which in this plant is more strongly marked than the primary, and from which indeed these coimecting branches probably originate. It must, I think, be admitted by M. Cassini, that in many genera of Compositae five vessels passing through the axes of the segments exist, even ten others are occa- sionally found, as in Helianfhm, though these can hardly be traced below the insertion of stamina. But as it has been already shown that the lateral or primary vessels are not strictly marginal through their whole length, and as one instance has been produced in which their branches, if not themselves subdivided, are at least connected by ramifica- tions of the middle nerves,} it follows that a monopeta- lous corolla having in its tube fifteen nerves with distinct origins, three of which arc contiuued through each of its segments, and unite together at the apex, would upon the Avhole better correspond with the detiuition M. Cassini has given of the Corolla of Compositae, than the actual dispo- sition of vessels in that order. Now such a structure exists in the whole of Goodenovia3,^ a family of plants very ' M. Cassini himself (in a note to his third memoir published in the Journal de Physique for February 1816, p. 129) has given another instance of the rami- fication of nerves in Ivafrutescens. ^ I have formerly observed (in Prodr. Flor. Nov.Holl. p. 580, and in General Remarks on tlie Botany of Terra Australis [vol. i,p. 'V,i]) that Euthales and Felleia, genera belonging to Goodenovifp, exhibit the remarkable and nearly peculiar character of a corolla having the lower part of t he tube coiieriiig with the ovurium, while the calyx is entirely distinct. 1 have at tlic same time remarked that, even in tiiose genera of the same n;\tun\l family in whicii the calyx is coiierent, the tube of the corolla may be supposed to be coutinutd down to the base of the ovarium ; and that tiiis becomes even evident in such si)ecies as have the ^3_ OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSIT/E. 267 nearly related to CompositaB. It exists also in Ernodea, m in which the lateral nerves, though they give out externally a few branches, observe the same course, and terminate in the^same manner in the lacinifc as those of CompositaB. A similar disposition is observable in certain genera of Solanaceae, as Datura and Ccsfrum, though in these the lateral nerves are more ramified, and their trunks generally less distinct in the laciniae. It appears therefore that, in adopting M. Cassini's theoretical expression for the vas- cular structure of the corolla of Compositae, one pecu- [«« liarity actually existing is lost.^ adhering part dilated into nectariferous processes ; or in those where, the seg- ments of tiie calyx not being closely approximated, the coloured corolla is visible in the interstices. In some species of Goodenia, particularly G. decurrens and bellidifolia, I find it practicable to separate not only the adhering calyx, but also the tube of the corolla from the ovarium. In tiie tube thus se|)arated it anpears that the lateral nerves, which preserve their parallelism to the midale nerve nearly to the base of the segment, become more evidently divergent below the point of adhesion, and in such a degree that the corresponding branches of the neighbouring segments unite with each other considerably above the middle of the tube, forming aconunou trunk, which is continued to thebat^o of the ovarium; the five trunks thus formed uniting internally with timsc from which the ('laments originate, and externally with the axes of the opposite seg- ments of the calyx. The middle nerves of the segments of the corolla are in like manner continued below the point of cohesion to the real base of the tube. The analogy of this disposition of vessels in the corolla of Goodcnoviie to that of {^om|)o»itK) is obvious. To assimilate entirely the two structures, it is only necessary to suppose a deeper division of the five primary vessels of Com- positse, and a continuation of the tube of the corolla below its apparent base to that of the ovarium. That this is its real origin, is rendered not improbable both from the analogous structure now described in the family of GoodenocicP, »nd from the manifestly hypogynous corolla of Bntnonia ; a genus in many respects still more nearly related to Compositiv, though dilFering in the dispo- sition of the vessels of its corolla. The more direct proof of this origin, derived from an examination of the sur- face itself, can hardly, perhaps, be expccled where the parts are generally so small, and where, as I conceive, the surface of the pericarpium in many cases depends less on that of the cohering envelopes, than on the proper figure of the ovarium itself, as seunis to be likewise the case in Umbellatffi. There are however a few cases in which this opinion respecting the origin of corolla in Composita; may derive some additional support from the appear- ance of the surface of the ovarium, as in Mar^haUia and Hymenopappm, in both of which genera, but particularly in the former, it is marked wiih leu longitudinal stria;, of which the five stronger are continued into tiie five nerves of the corolla, the remaining five ending abruptly at the apex of tiie ovarium. ' A still stronger objection to M. Cassini's deliiiitiou is, that while its appli- cation to Composit* is only hypothetical, it very nearly oorresponds witli the 2G8 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY The principal peculiarity, however, consists in the corolla of a syngenesious plant, when reduced to its smallest number of nerves, having these nerves alternating with its segments in the tube. I am acquainted with no instaijce of this order of reduction in the nerves of any other mono- petalous corolla, but I observe an apparent tendency to it in Portlandia and Catcsbaa. In the tube of the corolla of both these genera there are ten nerves, of which the five that alternate with the segments are manifestly stronger, and seem to furnish the greater part of the vascular system of the upper part of the tube and of the segments ; the intermediate nerves being there somewhat like recurrent branches. I shall conclude this subject by observing, that although the existence of nerves alternating with the segments of a nionopetalous corolla, dividing below the sinus and uniting their branches at the apex of the segment, be rare, this dis- position is comparatively frequent in a monophyllous calyx, especially where its aestivation is valvular. Labiatae fur- nish the most striking examples of this structure. I am not however acquainted with any instance of a calyx having five nerves only, and those alternating with its segments. The cestivation or condition of the corolla before expan- sion is the subject of my second reinark on Compositae. I H7] have, in the observations formerly quoted, stated this to be valvular, that is, having the margins of the segments applied to each other and dehiscing like the valves of a capsule. As I have remarked in the same place that this aestivation exists in several other families, it is rather sur- prising that M. Cassini, in the abstract of his third memoir given in the Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences for last Oc- tober, should seem to consider this character as peculiar to M actual disposition of vessels in cerlain poljpetalous genera. Thus in Pitto- sporum revolutum, each of the petals has three nerves with distinct origins. Of these the two lateral, evidently within the margins, less so, however, than in Hymenopappus, are quite simple in the ungues, and ramify more or less in the lamina;, near the top of whicli they unite with each other and with the middle nerve. or PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITiE. 269 Compositaj.^ It appears also that he is not aware of any exception to it in the dass. I have however, in a different part of the same essay, noticed one exception existing in Chuquirufja, and I have since found another in Corymbium. In "both these genera the aistivation is indupUcate, that is, the margins of the segments are doubled in, so that in the unexpanded state none of them are visible. I have in the passage referred to observed that the valvular and indii- [»« plicate modes of ajstivation easily pass into each other, merely by an addition or abstraction of the elevated mar- gins of the laciniae : instances of their abstraction, and of the consequent conversion of the in(luj)licate into the val- vular mode, occur in several Goodenoviai, and in some ConvolvuIaccfiD aiul Solanaccu; ; wliilc Chuqitiraya and Co- rymhinm are examples of their addition in an order where tJK'V are ge/icrally wanting. My /////// f<'f/iark is entirely borrowed from Schkuhr,' who wtfttes that i/i aW ('ivltarfwca or i/igidHlu' the pollen is ' Since tliis paper wao tiw\, M. (Jassiiii has pul/lished his mem(nt (\n the Journal de Physique for February )H)0), in which he states the same oc^tiva- tion to exist in certain other families, namely, Campariularett, J/obcliaceo', and Rubiacesc. This observation, if Bfiftlied to the whole of i\\vm far/iilifs, as ;• evidently the author's iutention, is correct only with respect to (jiniip&itujucvte, from which I have separated Stylidese as a distinct order, partly, as i have stated, on account of its imbricate (estivation. In a considerable part of the Lobeliaceee of Jussieu, which includes my Goodunoviie, the astivation is not valvular but induplicate : and though in Kubiaceo; the valvular mode is very general, there are many remarkable exceptions to it, as Qardenia, hora, J'avellti, Coffea, and several other genera, where it is unilaterally ar'd obliquely imbricate, as in most of the Apocineae, with which Linnteus united them under the name of Contortae, derived from this very circumstance. On this subject I may bo allowed further to remark, that M. Cassini, who in the memoir now cited has repeatedly asserted bis claim to the priority of the observation on the disposi- tion of vessels in the corolla, has in treating of its aestivation omitted to notice what had been already published respecting it in my essay above quoted, where I conclude he must have seen my observation, as he refers to the sentence con- taining it. The aestivation of corolla in Composita; is also noticed in the ob- servations on Brunonia, contained in my Prodromus Florae Novae HoUandiie, which I suppose he has not seen : I may therefore, for the general importance of aestivation of calyx and corolla in affording characters both for Orders and Genera, refer him to almost every page of the same work, and to its preface, for an observation on the degree of attention that had been previously paid to this point of structure, which will enable him to correct in some measure his own remark on the subject. ^ fiotauisches Haiidbuch 3, p. 8. 270 OHSRRVATI0N8 ON THE NATURAL FAMILY angular, and that in Corymhifcroi and Carduacea, or in all tubular florets, it is spherical or oval. All the figures which this author has given of pollen in Cichoraceoe represent it as a regular icosahedron, except that of Geropogon glahrum, which is a dodecahedron. I believe neither of these forms of pollen Ims been observed in any other family of plants. k fourth remark on Compositae I do not offer with abso- lute confidence, as it is opposed to the statement of M. Cassini, on whose general accuracy I have great reliance. It relates to the disposition of the branches of the style or stigmata, which according to M. Cussini are lateral, or right and left with relation to the axis of the common receptacle; whereas, I consider them as anterior and pos- terior, though in many cases by a slight degree of twisting in the style they acquire what M. Cassini regards as their original position. This may seem a point of very little consequence to establish. Independent however of the necessity of minute accuracy in every case, it appears to me to have some con- nexion with my fifth remark, which relates to the internal «8] structure of the Ovarium of Compositte. I am not aware of anything having been yet said on this subject further than that it contains a single erect ovulum, inserted at the base of the cavity. In addition to this, I observe in the greater part of Compositae, whose ovarium I have examined, two very slender filiform cords, which, originating from oppo- site points of the base of the ovulum, or of its short foot- stalk, run up, and are more or less connected with, the lateral parietes of the ovarium, until they unite at the top of its cavity, immediately under the style ; between which and the ovulum a connexion is thus formed. In many cases, as in Liatris spicata and Tussilngo odorata, these cords are easily separable from the ovarium, and have such a degree of tenacity that they may be extracted from it entire, along with the ovulum. In other cases they more firmly cohere with the sides of the cavity : and in those plants in which I have been unable to see them distinctly, or PLANTS r,\l,l,KI) COMl'OSrryU. 271 I concluile tliey ure not absolutely vvantiug, but thut their (•x)iuiexion with the umietes is still more iiitimate. These cords may be supposed to consist cither solely of the vessels through which the ovulurn is fcecuiulated, or to contain also the remains or indications of a system of nourishing vessels, or chorda? pistillares, the position of which points out the true nature of the ovarium in this class, or the relation it has to the apj)arently less simple ovarium of other families. I am inclined to adopt the latter supposition. In order, however, to be understood on this subject, it is necessary to premise that ^ consider the pistillum or female organ of all pha>noguuious plants to be formed on the same plan, of which a polyspermous leguraen or foUiculus whose seeds are disposed in a double series may be taken as the type. A circular series of these pistilla, disposed round an imaginary a\is, and whose number corresponds with that of the parts of the calyx [«» or corolla, enters into my notion of a flower complete in all « its parts. But from this type and number of })istilla many devia- tions take place, arising either from the abstraction of part of the complete series of organs, from their confluence, or from both these causes united ; with consequent abortions and obliterations of parts in almost every degree. Ac- cording to this hypothesis, the ovarium of a syngenesious plant is composed of two confluent ovaria ; a structure which is in some degree indicated externally by the division of the style, and internally by the two cords which I con- sider as occupying the place of two parietal placentae, each of these being made up of two confluent chordulae, be- longing to different parts of the compound organ. I am well aware how very paradoxical such an hypothesis must seem, especially when applied to a structure apparently so simple as that of the ovarium of Compositse ; and I there- fore regret that I am not yet fully prepared to bring for- ward in its support a series of facts already in my pos- session, consisting of deviations from the usual structure of organs, and particularly of instances of stamina changed into pistilla. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) ^ /- fA 1.0 I.I ■ 50 ""^^ 2.5 2.2 "2.0 1.3 1.25 1.4 1.6 1 ^ 6" ^ i>> \ "<^ %b '^ mmm nn 272 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY I- tin In the mean time it may give some plausibility to the hypothesis to remark, that there are families of plants strictly natural in which a series of degradations exist, if I may so speak, from the assumed perfect pistillum, to a structure as simple as that of Compusitse. Thus in Proteacea we have the type of the perfect pis- tillum in the many-seeded folliculus of Embothrium; the first degree of imperfection in that of Grevillea, where only one ovulum of each series remains ; a further reduction in the indehiscent monospermous fruit of Leucospermum, in which the insertion of the ovulum is lateral ; and the sim- 91] plest form in Protea itself, where the single ovulum is inserted at the base of the cavity. Proteaceae, however, exhibit a series of obliterations in the parts of a single pis- tillum only. An illustration more in point, though some- what less perfect as a series, may be taken from Goodenovice, an order of plants very nearly related to the class of which we are treating. In the greater part of Goodenovice. the ovarium is bilocular, each cell having an indefinite number of seeds ; in the greater number of Sccevolce, each cell is reduced to a single ovulum ; while in some species of ihe same genus, and in all the species of Bampiera, the ovi- rium, though retaining its external characters, is reduc3d to a single monospermous cell, with an erect ovulum, as in Compositae. The natural order Crucifera exhibits also obliterations, more obviously analogous to those assumed as taking place in syngenesious plants; namely from a bilocular ovarium with two polyspermous parietal placenta3, which is the usual structure of the order, to that of Isatifi, where a single ovulum is pendulous from the apex of the unilocular ovarium. And lastly in the genus Bocconia, in the original species of which {B.frutescens) the insertion of the single erect ovulum has the same relation to its parietal placentae, as that of Compositae has to its filiform cords, a second species {B. nordata) exists in which these placentae are polyspermous. My sixth observation on Compositae regards the order in which the florets expand. To understand the relation this order has to ti.at of other families, it may be necessary first OF PLANTS CALLEU COMPOSIT.f;. 273 to make a few remarks on the more usual modes of inflo- rescence. It is well known that in an absolutely simple spike the expansion of the flowers is ascendent; that is, begins nc the base of the spike and proceeds regularly upwards. To this order very few real exceptions occur, several of the apparent deviations being connected with some degree of composition in the spike. It is also known that in a compound spike, while the [92 expansion of each partial spike is ascendent, that of the spikes, with relation to each otlier, is descendent ; the ter- minal spike expanding first, and the others in a regular succession downwards. This order, indeed, admits of a greater number of exceptions than that of the simple spike ; several of them apparently depending on the den- sity or imperfect composition of the spike ; and the more usual deviation consisting in the expansion beginning below the apex, and proceeding in opposite directions from the point of commencement ; the upper portion following the order of the simple, the lower that of the compound spike.^ The simple racemus and corymbus are obviously very slight modifications of the spike, and in their expansion obey the same law. A syngenesious compound flower, or capUulum as it may be termed, is merely a spike with a shortened and generally depressed axis. In cases where this capitulum is unquestionably simple, the expansion of its flowers is uniformly from circumference to centre, or in the order of the simple spike. Where the capitula are disposed in a corymbus, which is their usual mode of combination, the order of the compound spike is observed ; their expansion with relation to each other being from centre to circum- ference. In their denser aggregations, whether forming a ' The most remarkable exception to the order of the compound spike exists in the compound umbel of UmbelliferEe, of which the outer umbellulse expand somewhat earlier than the central ; and as this order of expansion seems to extend through the whole natural family, Astrantia, in which the terminaiing umbel expands much earlier than those of the lateral branches, cannot be con- sidered as having a compound umbel. 18 ■?**> 274 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY compound spike or head, the same order of expansion obtains, and it continues though the florets in each com- mon calyx or invohicrum should be lessened in number, or even reduced to unity, as in EcJiinops and Rolandra. »3] The absolute constancy in the order of expansion of the simple capitulum from circumference to centre, and the more or less complete inversion of this order in the compound capitulum, appear to afford tests of the real structun3 in certain cases where the degree of composition, and consequently the pro;>er names of some of the parts, might otherwise be doubtful. To illustrate this I select two genera, Lagasca and Caesulia. In Lagasca the capitulum, both from its form and the appearance of its involucrum, might at first sight be con- sidered as simple : on examination, however, it is found to differ from all simple capitula, in each floret being fur- nished with a tubular envelope, exactly resembling a five- toothed perianthium, but which does not in any state cohere with the included ovarium. Cavanilles, ^y whom the genus was established, regarded this envelope as a genuine perianthium, and erroneously described its tube as cohering with the ovarium ; an error which is copied in Persoon's Synopsis Plantarum, where the genus is consequently placed in Polygamia sequalis. Jacquin, who has published Lagasca under the name of Noccaa mollis^ also describes the envelope of each flower as a proper perianthium, although aware of its tube being distinct from the ovarium. Subsequent writers have, indeed, more correctly referred the genus to Polygamia segregata; but the terms involucellum and calyculus, which they apply to the envelope in question, appear to me objectionable, for a reason that will presently be given. Three suppositions may be formed respecting the nature of this envelope, namely, either that it is an involucrum reduced, as in E.hinops, to a single flower; secondly, that it is a proper perianthium, which in appearance it very ' Frasm. Bot. p. 58, tab. 85. I-'" '■$i "^' OF PLANTS CATJiED COMPORlTiE. 275 V"; r. M much resembles ; or thirdly, that it is more analogous to ro* the outer calyx of Scahiosa, which M. Cassini seems to consider different in its nature from both these parts. But the order of expansion in Lat/asca, which is, though with some degree of irregularity, from centre to circum- ference, or that of the compound capitulum, seems to decide the question respecting the envelope of each flower, and to establish its identity with involucrum : nor does this involucrum diffci- materially from that of Ec/iinops, except in the reduced numbe. and confluence of its component parts. The real structure of CcBsulia is perhaps less obvious. This genus, which waj t^rst published by Dr. Roxburgh,^ is referred by him to Polygamia segregata ; the tubidar envelope or involucrum of each floret being described as distinct from the included ovarium. Koenig, on the other hand, by whom the genus was dis- covered, and whose account of it is given in the same work, describes the partial involucrum of Roxburgh as the sur- face of the ovarium itself ; its segments being, according to him, a pappus of two leaves. And lastly, Willdenow, regarding this involucrum as merely palese of the recep- tacle, refers the genus to Polygamia aequalis ; in which order it is continued, both in Persoon's Synopsis, and in the second edition of Mr. Aiton's Hortus Kewensis. This last view of the structure seems the most erroneous of any, and was probably adopted by Willdenow, in con- sequence of his having added to the genus a second species not really belonging to it, and which I shall have occasion to notice in another part of my subject. An examination of the parts of fructification in different stages reconciles the opposite statements of Koenig and los Roxburgh ; for I find that at the time of flowering the envelope of each floret is, as Roxburgh has figured it, dis- tinct from the ovarium, with which, however, in u more advanced stage its tube becomes firmly united ; a fact that sufficiently accounts for Kceuig's description. ' In Coroni. Plants, i, p. 64, t. 93. iMHiliiiiiiiiilili "I'mnwfMHm ,j J41 iiiiijuw i«»"i WiiT'"'^'Tl9»»(»J.|W,i'P^!.m^.4-.M IT 276 OHSEllVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY There is here, therefore, a nearer a])proacli to a true perianthium than in the involucriun of Lagasca ; but the expansion of the flowers being, as in tliat genus, from centre to circumference of the capituium, I consider the envelope of Cccsulia as unquestionably an involucrum, and the genus consequently belonging to Polygamia scgrcgata. I may here remark, that the name Polygamia segre- gata, invented by Linnaeus for those genera of Compositse with densely aggregate capitula, is calculated to give an erroneous idea of the nature of the structure ; the opposite term Polygamia congregata being, according to the view now taken, obviously more proper for those genera, at least, whose involucra contain several flowers. It is not unlikely, indeed, that Linnaeus himself was aware of the true nature of the inflorescence of these genera ; but the term Poly- gamia congregata would not have suited the artificial arrangement which he adopted in his subdivisions of the class, nor his including in it the order Monogamia ; for with this order the single-flowered genera of Polygamia segregata must then have been confounded. It is a curious circumstance, that the order of expansion in Compositae does not depend on the number of flowers actually existing, but on the effort, if I may so term it, made to produce them, manifested by the presence of an involucrum or common calyx, which is in some cases reduced to a single flower. The fact at the same time con- tributes to prove, that the whole natural class is formed on %] that plan of dense aggregation of flowers, for which I have already attempted to show that certain parts of the structure of a syngenesious floret are peculiarly well adapted. 'J'he circumstance, however, is not confined to Compo- sitae, but exists in an equally remarkable degree in Gra- tninecB. I have formerly^ considered the gluma, or what Linnaeus has termed calyx, in this family of plants, as an involucrum. In those genera where this gluma or involucrum con- ' \_Vol. i. p. 55.] « -V Ol' PLANTS CALLED COMPOSIT.E. 277 tains several flowers their expansion is generally ascendent, or in the order of the simple spike. In a spike formed by these many-flowered gluniae, as that of Triticum and Lolium, the expansion of the partial spikes, with relation to each other, is desccndent, or in the order of the compound spike ; in most cases, however, with that deviation, which 1 have already noticed, of the expansion commencing below the apex and proceeding in opposite directions. But as tlic same descendent expansion takes place in a spike formed of single-flowered glnmao, it may be inferred that the genuine type or most perfect form of a grass is to have several flowers in its gluma or involucrum : a view not only consistent with the fact of a great majority of the order having actually this disposition j but also with that peculiarity in the vascular structure of the inner valve of the perianthiiim ; which, whether it be considered as indi- cating that this part is fonned of two confluent valves, an opinion I have elsewhere^ advanced, or merely as a trans- position of vessels in a simple valve, analogous to that in the syngenesious floret, is evidently adapted to the many- flowered spicula, though equally existing in that with a single flower. The resemblance between the outer calyx of Bipsaceoi and the single-flowered involucrum of Compositae is so striking, that it cannot appear very paradoxical to con- w sider them as both of the same nature. In Dipsacese, however, tliere is no instance of the outer calyx containing more than one flower, and the evidence afforded by inflorescence on this subject is not altogether satisfactory. In Dipsacus it has been long noticed that expansion begins about the middle of the spike, and proceeds in opposite directions from the point of commencement : this order is evidently more analogous to that of the compound than of the simple spike ; there being several instances of spikes manifestly compound, where the same inversion of the upper part exists. ' III General Keniarks on the Botany of New Holland [vol. i, p. 551. ] 278 OHSEIIVATIOMS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY But a fact, which I do not find any where observed, respecting the inflorescence of certain species of Scabiosa, particularly succisa and atropurpurea, is not so easily reconcilable with the compound spike : in these, and I have reason to think in many other species of the genus, the expansion begins simultaneously at the base and middle of the capitulum, proceeding regularly upwards from both points. Were this the case in all Scabiosae, the com- pound nature of the spike in Dipsaceae, although by no means proved, might be considered not improbable: there are, however, several species of the genus in which the order of expansion is altogether that of the simple spike. Connected with the subject of inflorescence, I may remark that priority of development, whether among simi- lar parts in the same flower or the different flowers of the same spike, is generally accompanied with greater per- fection of these parts or flowers, and apparently with greater power of resisting the ordinary causes of abortion or obUteration. I have formerly^ observed respecting several natural families of plants, in which the stamina are in a deter- 08] rainate number, but a number subject to reduction, that this reduction, where the flower is of a regular form, takes place in the same order in each natural family. Thus in Juiicea, which are generally hexandrous, the triandrous species have their stamina constantly placed opposite to the three outer leaves of the perianthium, while in Restiaceae, Asphodeleae, and 1 believe in a great part of the regular- flowered Liliacese, in certain species of which a similar reduction occurs, the stamina in the triandrous species are placed opposite to the inner leaves or segments of the perianthium. But in both cases the greater perfection of those stamina that exist in genera or species reduced to the smallest number, is indicated, where there is no reduction, by the earlier bursting of their antherae ; so that from this circumstance the order of reduction or abortion of stamina • In Prodr. Flor. Nov. Holl. vol. i, and Appendix to Flinders's Voyage to Terra Australis [vol. i, p. 521. "■5^ OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOS'TA:. 279 ui any natural family may with some confidence be pre- dicted by an examination of those genera where the number is complete. Wherever the separation of sexes takes place, it may be assumed that the female flower is the more perfect pro- duction. And if this be admitted, where both sexes exist in the same simple spike the female should be found at its base, or where expansion commences, which is almost unifonnly the case. For the same reason, in the trifid or trichotomous inflorescence, the female should be placed in the centre, which is also generally the fact.^ This connexion between pra^cocity and perfection of deve- lopment is even more constant than the order of expansion in certain forms of inflorescence ; as it is found to extend to several of the exceptions to this order. Thus in the apparently simple spike of Poterium, where the order of expansion is descendent, the female flowers occupy the upper part of the spike; and this relation also [«> exists in the more compound inflorescence of Bicinus, Siphonia, and Celtu^ in which the order of expansion is equally inverted. It may seem rather paradoxical to select Euphorbia as an example of the same relation ; this genus being considered by Linnseus, and the greater part of the botanists who have adopted his system, as having a dodecandrous hermaphro- dite flower. We have already, however, I believe, sufficient evidence that this supposed hermaphrodite flower is in reality formed of several monandrous male flowers surround- ing a single female.^ ' To this order the most remarkable exception occurs in Begonia, in w^'icli the male flowers are central, and expand long before the lateralfemale flowers. 2 To the arguments I have adduced (in my Remarks on the Botany of New Holland [vol. t, p. 28]) in support of this opinion, I am now enabled to add the more direct proof derived from certain species of Euphorbia itself, in which the female flower is furni&hed with u manifest calyx. I liave formerly observed, that in a few cases the footstalk of the ovarium is dilated and obscurely lobed at top ; but in the species now referred to it terminates in three distinct and equal lobes of considerable length, and which being regularly opposite to the cells of the capsule may be compared to the three outer foliola of the perian- thiuin of Phyllanthus, between which and the cells of the capsule the same rela- tion exists. This calyx is most remarkable in an undescribed species of Euphorbia from the coast of Patagonia, in the Herbarium of Sir Joseph Banks; but it is observable, though less distinct, in E. punicea and several other species. \h 280 OUSKRVATIONS ON TlIK NATURAL FAMILY In conformity with this view of its composition, and with tho relation above attempted to be established, tiu; deve- lopment of the pistillum precedes that of the stamina in ninny species of the gcnns. It is more dilKcult to determine whether this order of expansion and relative position of sexes in Euphorbia be in conformity with the general rnle, or an exception to it. For its fasciculus of flowers may be considered as analogous either to the simple spike, and consequently having an inverted order of expansion, as in Allium desceiidens, and certain species of Grevillca and Anadcnia : or it may be assimilated to the compound spike, as in several species of the genus the male flowers appear to be separated into 100] fasciculi ; and according to this view the order of expan- sion is direct the central female flower being the repre- sentative of the terminal partial spike. There is even a third species of inflorescence with which the fasciculus of Euphorbia may be compared, namely, that consisting of one or more verticilli with a single flower in the centre. In this, which may be considered a modi- fication of the spike or umbel, the usual order of expansion seems to be from centre to circumference. Its simplest form occurs in an unpublished New Holland genus of the same natural family with Euphorbia, in which a single verticillus of male flowers surrounds the central female flower. Lambertia may be considered as another instance of the same mode, and as far as can be determined, in a case where the flowers are hermaphrodite and their ex- pansion nearly synchronous, following the same order. In all the known species of this genus the leaves are verticil- late, and uniformly in threes : in L. formosa and inermis the involucrum constantly contains seven flowers, while in L. vnijlora it is reduced to one flower. The seven flowers of the two former species I consider as made up of two verticilli, in number of flowers corresponding with that of the leaves, and of a single central or terminal flower; to which terminal flower L. unifiora appears to be reduced. From this order of reduction it may be assumed as more probable that species of Lambertia should be found with K\ OF PLANTS CALLKD COMPOSITiE. 281 ten or four flowers in the involucrum than with nine, six, or tliree. But greater permanence being, as has been already remarked, generally connected with greater per- fection, it becomes also probable that, if any species of this genus shoidd be discovered with androgynous capitula, the female flower will occupy the centre as in the genus of Euphorbiacea3 above referred to. It is worthy of remark, and may indeed appear in some degree at variance with the foregoing observations, that [loi although in an assemblage of flowers priority of expansion generally indicates a greater degree of perfection, and con- sequently a more ready convertibility of the hermaphrodite into the female flower ; yet in a hermaphrodite flower the development of stamina usually precedes that of pistilla. The most remarkable exceptions to this order of develop- ment which I at present remember, occur in several species of Planiago, where the stigmata are fidly deve- loped, and often even withered, before the bursting of the anthcrae. I now proceed to make some remarks on certain genera of Compositse which either occur under different names in late systematic works, or whose structure and limits seem to be imperfectly understood. SOLIVA was established in the Prodromus Florae Peruvianas et Clii- lensis, and is adopted by Persoon in his Synopsis Plan- tarum. To this genus Hippia minuta of the Linnean Herba- rium unquestionably belongs, and it is perhaps not speci- fically distinct from Soliva pedicellata. But on comparing the structure of this plant with the figures and descrip- tions, given by Mons. de Jussieu (in the fourth volume of the Annates du Museum,) of the different species of his Gymnostyles, it appears to me evident that the whole of 282 0USEUVAT10N8 ON THE NATLllAL FAMILY I this genua is referable to Saliva, whose principal characters would consist in the want of corolla or perhaps its accretion with the persistent style in the female florets ; in the peri- cnrpia being more or less winged, and presenting their disk instead of their margins to the centre of the capitulum. 103] Sir James Smith has already pointed out the error M. do Jussieu has been led into in referring Hippin minula Linn, to his Gymno8tyle8 nusturtlifolia, a plant much more nearly related to Hippia stolonifera of Brotero ; which, from repeated examination, I can with confidence refer to the same genus. Gymnostylen anthemifolia is stated by M. de Jussieu to be u native of New South Wales : but as I have observed it only in cultivated ground in the neighbourhood of Sydney, and as it has certainly been found in South America, of which four other species of the genus are un- questionably natives, it has probably been imported into New South Wales, perhaps from Brazil; nor is it alto- gether iinprobable tb"*^^ Hippia stolonifera of Brotero may have been introduced into Portugal from the same quarter. Grindelia, described by Willdenow in the Transactions of the Natural History Society of Berlin for 1807, and subsequently in his Enumeratio Plantarum Horti Berolinensis, flowered in Kew Gardens for the first time in 1815, when I had an opportunity of examining it, and of determining its very near affinity with Donia, a genus proposed in the second edition of Hortus Kewensis, and adopted by Mr. Pursh in his Flora of North America: the principal distinction betv:een these two genera consisting in a difference in the number of radii of the pappus, which in Grindelia is described by Willdenow as of two rays, and according to my observations has more frequently one only. But as even in Bonia the number of rays, though indefinite, is variable, and the structure of the pappus is very nearly similar in both genera, which in all other respects agree, it MtMHi Of I'LANTS CALLED COMPOSlTiE. 283 limy be perhaps expedient to unite them under the name of drindelia, which was first in order of publication. IV raiDAX [in was first established by Linnaius, in Hortus Cliffortianus, from a specimen found at Vera Cruz by Houston, and sent to Clifford by Miller. As Linnajus had no specimen in his own collection, that in Clifford's Herbarium, now in the ])ossession of Sir Joseph Banks, is the only authority for tiic genus; and on examining this specimen I find the pappus to be not setaceous, as Linnajus has described it, but distinctly plumose. There is, therefore, no difference whatever between IViduu: and Balbisia of Willdenow ; and on comparing Tridax procumbens with Balbisia elonyaia, I cannot satisfy myself that they are even specifically dis- tinct. Angianthus. Angianthm tomentosus of Wendland's Collectio Plan- tarum, (vol. ii, p. 3:2, tab. 48,) published in 1809, is evi- dently the same plant as my Cassinia aurea, described in the fifth volume of the second edition of Hortus Kewensis, which did not appear till 1813. Wendland neither men- tions the native country of his AngianthuSy nor from whence he received it. He must, no doubt, however, have obtained it from Kew Garden, where it was introduced and flowered from seeds which I collected in 1802, in the island of St. Francis, on the South coast of New Holland. Meyera. This genus, described by Schreber in his edition of the Genera Plantanim, is not adopted by Willdenow. Swartz, however, in his Flora Indise Occidentalis, has referred to it, and I have no doubt correctly, Eclipta sessilis of his Pro- droraus. On comparing this species of Meyera with a plant in Sir Joseph Banks's Herbarium, collected in Peru 284 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY 104] by Dombey, and which exactly agrees with Sohreya of the Flora Peruviana, it appears evident that this genus is redu- cible to Meyera. Enhydra of Loureiro's Flora Cochinchi- nensis, though described somewhat diffenmtly, and referred to Polygamia segregata, I have little doubt, belongs to the same genus ; as does unquestionably Ilinystha of Rox- burgh's unpublished Flora Indica, where it is also referred to Polygamia segregata. This plant, which I have exa- mined, is scarcely distinct from a species of Meyera that grows in New South Wales. Cryphiospermum of Mons. de Beauvois's interesting Flore d'Oware et Benin, although reduced by him to Cichoraceae, I have but little hesitation in referring also to Meyera. And lastly, Casidia radicans of Willdenow, likewise a native of sequincctial Africa, is perhaps not specifically dif- ferent from Cryphiospermum repens of Mons. de Beauvois. V ' Melam^^odium was established by Linnaeus, in the first edition of Genera Planiarum and in Hortus Clififortianus, from a specimen found by Houston near Vera Cruz, and communicated by Miller to ClifTord, in whose Herbarium, now forming part of the collection of Sir Joseph Banks, it still exists. It does not appear that this plant has been found by any other botanist than Houston; and according to the cha- racter given by Linnaeus of Melampodium, it must be con- sidered the only species of the genus. In the second edition of Species Plantarum he added to it, but with a doubt, Melampodium australe, a plant adopted from Lcefling, according to whose description the pappus and surface of the seed are widely different from those of the original species. Swartz has referred to the genus a third species, M. humile, entirely distinct in these respects from both the former ; and more recently a fourth species, M. longifolium, with seeds differently modified from all the others, has been annexed to it. i<)5] But if these four plants, so extremely different from each other in pappus and form of the pericarpium, really OP PLANTS CALLED COiMPOSITiE. 285 belong to the same genus, as their habit seems strongly to indicate, there can be no reason to separate from them Alcina of Cavanilles, erroneously considered by Willdenow as a species of Wedelia: and iJi/sodium of Richard, pub- lished in Persoon's Synopsis, though differing from all the others in the form of its pericarpium and in that of its receptacle, must also be reduced to this genus. If, how- ever, the part described by Linnaeus as pappus in Melam- podium americanum be really such, and if the pericarpium. itself vary so widely both in form and surface, it would be inconsistent with the principles of division generally adopted in Corapositae, to unite all these plants into one genus, notwithstanding their great resemblance in habit as well as in the other parts of fructification; and it would be at least in vain to look for any combining character in this part of their structure. A careful examination of the female flowers, especially in an early stage, removes this difficulty, by proving that the supposed external coat of the ovarium, with its various inequalities of surface, some of which have been described as pappus, is in reality an involute bractea or foliolum of the involucrum, like that of Micropus, completely inclosing the ovarium, but from which in several species of the genus it is entirely, and in others in great part, distinct. Craspedia first appears in Forster's Prodromus Plorulse Insularura Australiura, where an essential generic character is given, but no description of the species. The genus is adopted and the character received without remark by Willdenow in his edition of Species Plantarum, and by Persoon in his Synopsis. Among George Forster's drawings of subjects of natural history made in Cook's second voyage, and [loe now in the library of Sir Joseph Banks, there is a figure of this plant, from which it appears that he originally referred it to Stahelina ; a proof that he had not at that time very carefully examined it. It is not improbable therefore that he afterwards proposed it as a distinct genus, belonging to .il 31 ■ I 1 '/ !■ In I I i ! i ^ 286 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY Polyganiia segregata, from finding that this had been already done by Solander, whose name {Cartodiwn), how- ever, he did not think it necessary to adopt, and with whose generic character he probably was not acquainted. In his own he very erroneously states that there is no par- tial involucrum, and hence perhaps M. Labillardiere entirely overlooked Craspedia when he established his Bichea from a nearly related species of the same genus. That such is the case I have long since briefly noticed,^ and have ascer- tained by a comparison of the specimen of Craspedia unifiora in George Forster's Herbarium with Bichea glauca of Labillardiere, and other species of the same genus which I have observed in New Holland. M. Labillardiere's character of Bichea is essentially cor- rect. It is well to remark, however, that his general invo- lucrum is formed of the bractean subtending and in equal number with the outer partial capitula; and that the general receptacle has no other palese than the analogous bracteae of the inner capitula. It is the more necessary to take this view of the structure, as I have found in New Holland a nearly related genus ( Calocephalus), which differs from Craspedia and Bichea in the want of these bracteee, as well as in the partial receptacles being witiiout paleae, and in the rays of the pappus being plumose only in the upper part. I have also another genus of this tribe {Leu- cophyta) from the same country, differing from Calo- cephalus in having a general involucrum consisting of a few short bracteae, in the squamae of its partial involucra being 107] concave and bearded at top, and in the rays of its pappus being plumose through their whole length, as in Craspedia, from which it is distinguished by the want of paleae on the partial receptacles, and very remarkably in habit. I have selected the foregoing genera as having been either published nnder different names, or, as it appears to me, unnecessaril subdivided. In this extensive class it ' la Prodr. Flor. Nov. HoU. p. 555. OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITE. 287 would not be difficult to point out a much greater number consisting of species improperly united. One very remark- able case of this kind is the genus Galea, to which, as I intend to enter fully into the history and affinities of its species, I shall confine myself. This genus was established by Linnaeus in the sixth edition of his Genera Plantarum, where the natural cha- racter is given : but the following essential character, which is still retained, appears for the first time in the twelfth edition of Systema Naturse, in the third section of Polygamia sequalis : ''Beceptaculum paleaceum, Pappiis pilosus, Cali/x im- bricatus." The species originally referred to Galea, in the second edition of Species Plantarum, are C. jamaicensis, opposi- tifolia, and Amellus, described from specimens in Browne's Jamaica Herbarium, which he had received a few years before, and incorporated with his own. These three plants Linnaeus had originally referred to Santolina} for which it seems to iiie rather less difficult to account than for his afterwards uniting them together to form his genus Galea; two of them, according to his descriptions,'^ though in reality one only, being without pappus, and in other respects corresponding with the generic character of Santolina; and the third, which Browne had [los doubtfully referred to the same genus, though furnished with pappus, agreeing with the others in having opposite leaves. But the difference in habit between all these plants and the original species of Santolina is so great, that it pro- bably afterwards determined Linnceus to remove them from that genus ; and although he found a sufficient generic character in the pappus of Galea jamaicensis only, he united with it the two other species, for a reason perhaps similar In Anin-nit. Acad. vol. v, p. 404. " Loc. cit. 288 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY ■ ! f] to what I have supposed led him to separate all the three from Sa7itolina. It is remarkable, however, that not one of these three original species of Calea corresponds with his character of the genus ; and that they in reality belong to three very distinct genera, on principles which, I conceive, Linnaeus himself would have admitted. The^r*^ species, Calea jamaicensis, is the only one that even seems to agree with the generic character, in having pappus which at first sight (to the naked eye at least) might appear simply capillary, but which on a closer examination proves to be of a very different and nearly pecuhar structure. Of this species I have seen only one authentic specimen, received from Browne by Ehret, and now in Sir Joseph Banks's Herbarium. The specimen in question, though incomplete, evidently belongs to the same species with " Conyza fruticosa cisti odore, floribus pal- lide purpureis, summitatibus ramulorum insidentibus," of Sloane,^ of which I have examined the original very perfect specimens in his Herbarium, preserved in the British Museum,'' and am satisfied that its pappus is of the same structure as that of Calea cordifolia of Swartz, who has well described it, but who has at the same time given a different 109] account of that of C. jamaicensis.^ These two plants are the only published species of this genus, for which the name of Calea should be retained, and which may be distin- guished by the following characters : 1/ Galea. Galeae species Linnai. Involucrum^ imbricatum. Receptaculum paleaceum. Flos- culi tubulosi, uniformes, hermaphroditi. Anthers basi muticae. Stigmata acuta. Pappus paleaceus : radiis uninerviis, pmnatifido-striatis. 1 Hist. Jam. i, p. 257, tab. 151, fig. 3. 2 Herb. vci. v, fol. 14 and 15. ' In Flor. Ind. Occid. vol. hi, p. 1328. * Calyx communis Linnai. \^ \ OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITE. 289 Frutices (AmericaB sequinoctialis,) pubescentes, acabri. Folia opposittty indivisa. Capitulai cori/mbosa, v. terminalia, V. axillaria. Involucri mbovati foliola nervosa^ ohtusa. Palese receptaculi convexi distindce, figura et textura fere involucri. CoroUse lutto-purpurece (Swartz), gla 3, la- ciniis dinerviis. Achenium suhcylindraceum v. obsolete anffulatum, glabram v. piibescens^ callo baseos subobliquo. Pappus persistens albus, nitens ; radiis simplici serie subulatis, indivisis, siiperne denficidatis. Obs. In Sir Joseph Banks's Herbarium there are two plants very nearly related to Galea, differing from it merely in having a radius of ligular female florets. If this difference be considered sufficient to constitute a genus, it may be named Caleacte. The first of these plants {C. urticifoUa), with nearly ovate-acute crenated leaves, found by Houston near Vera Cruz, is Solidago urticcefolia of Miller, by whom it appears to have been cultivated. The second, with deeply lobed or pinnatifid leaves (C. pinnatijida), was lately sent from Brazil by Mr. Sellow. The second Linnean species. Galea oppositifolia, has very little affinity to the first. In attending merely to the technical character of Santolina^ it might be referred to that genus; but it differs so widely, both in other points of cno structure and in habit, that there can be no question of the propriety of separating it, which may be done by the following character, and under the name of ISOCARPHA. Receptaculum conicum : paleis distinctis, conformibus : extimis involucrum constituentibus. Flosculi tubulosi, uniformes, hermaphroditi. Antherce basi muticae. Stig- mata appendice elongato, hispidulo, acuto. Achenium prisraaticura : pappo nullo. Herbee (Americse aequinoctialis). Folia opposita {vel ' Corolla communis, Linn. 19 w %\ 290 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY ' r-*' alternd) indivisa. Capitula ovata, terminalia, terna (vel solitaria). Paleee lanceolate. Corollse alhidce. Antherae hasi truncatce. Obs. I have so constructed the generic character of Isocarpha as to include Spilanthus atriplicifolim of Linnaeus, which, however, differs very remarkably from Galea oppositifolia in having alternate leaves and soli- tary capitula, as well as in the texture and form of its paleae. The pappus, consisting of three or four very minute aristae, described by Swartz^ in Galea oppositifolia, I have not been able to observe in any of the specimens that I have examined. The third species, Galea Amellus, is probably the same plant as Bidens scandens, which Linnaeus described in Hortus Cliffortianus, but, having no specimen in his own collection, appears to have forgotten. The original speci- men in Clifford's Herbarium, now in the possession of Sir Joseph Banks, evidently belongs to the same species, and perhaps to the same individual, with a specimen in Miller's collection, which Mr. Dryander compared, and considered to agree with Galea Amellus of the Linnean Herbarium. The true synonym, therefore, of Galea Amellus is " Bidens 111] suflfruticosus vimineus, fcliis oblongo-ovatis oppositis, flo- ribus comosis" of Browne -^ while Linnaeus has quoted and even derived his specific name from the same author's " Amellus ramosus, foliis remotis terminalibus, fulcris longis divaricatis "^ which, instead of belonging to Bidens scandens, I believe, for the following reasons, to be Bidens nivea. 1st, The figure in Burmann's Thesaurus Zeylani- cus,^ quoted by Browne for his plant, though belonging to Lavenia erecta, is at the same time a good representation of Bidens nivea, and very unlike Bidens scandens. 2dly, Browne's description in most respects very well agrees with > In Obs. Bot. p. 302. ' Browne, Jam. 317. » L c. * Eupatoriophaiacrum scroplmlariffi aquaticse foliis oppositis, Burm. Thesaur. Zeyl p. 95, t. 42. OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITE. 291 the former species, but certainly not with Bidens scandens. And 3dly, I infer that Bidens nivea was actually in Browne's Herbarium, from finding it in the Flora Ja- maicensis published in the 5th volume of Aracenitates Academicae, and formed chiefly from that Herbarium ; though a very erroneous reference for this species is there made to Browne's first Santolina, which, from the descrip- tion, cannot possibly belong to Bidens nivea, but is probably Ferbesina gigantea. M. Decandolle has lately established a new genus, Salmea, consisting of Bidens scandens^ Bidens Jiirsuta, and a third species which I have not examined. These plants are very properly separated from Bidens by this excellent botanist, and well distinguished both from that genus and from Melananthera. It is rather remarkable, however, that he has not thought it necessary to compare Salmea with i^pilanthus, from which, according to his description, it differs only in its imbricate involucrum. But as in Sjn- lanthus the foliola of the involucrum are not exactly equal, and are disposed at least in a double series, I have intro- duced some additional distinctions into the following cha- [112 racter of Salmea. Decandolle in Cat. Horf. Monspel. p. 140. Involucrum imbricatum. Beceptaculum conicum, paleis persistentibus. Flosculi tubulosi, uniformes, hermaphroditi (5-fidi). Antherce sagittatse. Achenium verticaliter com- pressum, bi-aristatum ; aristis persistentibus (apteris v. alatis), Frutices (Americse aequinoctialis) scepius decumbentes. Folia opposita, indivisa. Inflorescentia terminalis, suh- paniculata, vel corymbosa. Corollse albidce. Paleae recepta- culi post lapsum pericarpiorum persistentes. Obs. Of this genus I have examined specimens of three species in Sir Joseph Banks's Herbarium, differing from each other in several very remarkable characters. T 'I I : t : li 292 OBSERVATIONS ON TIIK NATURAL FAMILY 1. Salmen acandena, (Decand. I. c.) in which the aristae are equal and without any uiembranaceous border : stig- mata remarkably dilated, tongue-shaped, obtuse, not hispid, obscurely papulose, and ai)parently without any terminal appendix : style dilated at the base into a hemispherical bulb which is truncated underneath. 2. Salmea hirsuia, (Decand. 1. c.) whose aristae are un- equal ; the inner, which is the larger, being furnished with an evident ala ; the outer having a narrow margin only : stigmata sharp and spreading : style dilated into an ovate bulb which has an attenuated base. 3. Salmea? curviflora (nob.) differs from both the pre- ceding in the tube of its corolla being remarkably bent outwards. In place of the inner arista there is a broad obtuse wing, of which the inner margin is straight and thickened, the outer continued down nearly to the base of 113] the pericarpium : the outer arista is winged : and besides these, one or two minute processes are generally observable. Stigmata revolute.^ ' In tlie remarkable character of its re-curved florets, as •'vtW as in some otlier respects, this species of Salmea agrees with Spilanilius u'ooreus of George Forsler (in Coninientat. Gottiiig. ix, p. 66), of which he originally formed his genus Loxmannia ; from a very erroneous view of its structure, however, having described the Nectarium or glandala epigyna as a "germen superum ;" the real, though imperfect, germen wilh its two aiistte as a " periantliiuni bidcntatum," and consequently referring the genus to Polygamia segregata. When he afterwards corrected these errors, and reduced Laxmannia to Spi- lanthus, he did not discover that he had only the imperfect iiermaphrodite or male plant before him. That Spilanthus arboreus is really dioecious, I have ascertained from the exa- mination of numerous specimens collected by Sir Joseph Banks iu the Island of St. Helena, where it forms a small tree called by the inhabitants White-wood. It is Bidens arborea and perhaps also Spilanthus tetrandrus of Dr. Roxburgh's List of Plants appended to General Beatson's Tracts on St. Helena ; the former being probably the female, the latter a starved variety of the male plant. In re-establishing Spilanthus arboreus as a genus, sufficiently distinct from Bidens, Spilanthus, and Salmea, it will not, I conclude, be considered expedient to recur to Eorster's name Laxmannia, which as far as relates to this plant is connected only with a series of blunders, was abandoned by the author himself, aud has since been applied to another genus already generally adopted. It may be distinguished by the following character, and named Petrobium. Involucrum polyphyllum subduplici serie : exteriore breviore, foliolis pau- cioribus. Receptaculum paleaceum, planiusculum. Flosculi dioici, tubulosi. i£3£ "•1 OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSlT.li. 293 In the 12th edition of Systenia Naturae, Linnaeus added to his genus Calea a fourth species, namely Caleu sco- paria ; for what reason it would be difficnlt to discover, as it does not resemble, either in its fructification or habit, [lu any of the three genera of which, as has been shown, Calea was originally composed. This fourth species, which he had at first referred to Chrysocoma} is now known to be dia3cious; — Browne, by whom it was first described and figured, and one of wliose specimens T have examined, Linnnens, and even Swartz when he piu>lished his Obser- vationes Botanica?, being acquainted with the male plant only ; which, however, all of them considered hermaphro- dite : nor is there any reason to doubt that Gaertner's genus Sergilus is also the male of this species ; although he has ventured to describe the colour of the embryo, de- ceived, probably, by the size of the imperfect ovarium, and the colour of its inner surface. Professor Swartz has since given a more satisfactory account of Calea scoparia, and has referred it to Baccharis ,^ to which genus as Richard^ and Jussicu* have proposed to limit it, namely to the dioecious species of America, it unquestionably belongs. This limitation of Bacc/iaris it may, upon the whole, be expedient to adopt j by doing so, however, a name of Dioscorides is applied to a genus of plants found only in the new continent; while, notwith- standing the contrary opinion is expressed by M. de Jussieu,^ sufficient distinctions exist between those species 4-fidi : Masculi: Antheris exsertis ; Stigmatibus acutis hispidulis: Feminei : Staminibus sterilibus; Stigmatibus acutis 'recurvis. Achejiium v. parallelo- compressum v. aiigulatum; angulis (2-3) aristatis: arislis persistentibus, antrorsum denticuiatis. Arbor (Insulee S'« Helena;). Folia onposila, indivisa. Panioila terminalis, hracMaia. Involucruin oblongum. Palese receptacuii squamis involucri sub' similes. CoroUulse ochroleucte, tubo arcuato-rectirvo {ut capitulum prima intuitu radiatitm videatur). Mas. Antheris nigricantibus, busi emarginads, appendice apicis Ijrevissimo, acuta; locuUs vestigia septi loiigiiiidiiialis instructis. Fern. Staminibus sterilibus distit/ctis, antheris sagiltatis cassis. » Anioen. Acad, v, p. 404, et Syst,. Nat. ed. 10, vol. ii, p. 1206. « Fior. Ind. Occident, iii, p. 1339. ^ Mich. Flor. Bor.-amer. ii, p. 125. * Annal. du Mus. d'Hist. Natur. vii, p. 385. * 1. c. 294 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY of Baccharia from which the Linnenii character was taken, and Conyza when reduced to its original species, C, sqttar- rosa and hifrons, and a few others since added to the genus : for these differ from Inula chiefly in the extreme shortness of their ligulae. As no satisfactory character has hitherto been given of Baccharis, that will serve to distinguish it, as now limited, from the dioecious Gnaphalia, I propose the following. 115] Baccharis. I l( n 'I {Richard) in Michaux Amer. ii, />. 125. Jussicu in Annal. du Mus. d'Hist. Nat. vii, p. 385. Mohna Ruiz et Pavon Prodr. Ph)\ Peruv. 111. Baccharidis species Linn. Involucriim imbricatum. Receptaculum nudum. Flos- ciili tubulosi, dioici. Masculi : antheris exsertis, basi mu- ticis ; stigmatihus appendice acuto hispidulo ; pappo sub- penicillato. Feminei filiformes ; pappo capillar!. Frutices (AmericaB JEquinoctialis et temperatse). Folia alterna, raro opposita, in quibiisdam minuia vel nulla, ramin tunc foliaceo-alatis. Inflorescentia terminalis rariusve late- ralis, corymhosa, nunc fasciculata. Involucri subovati v. ohlongi squama semiscariosa, marginc simplici. Mas pappo cinereo. Fern, limbo mimito 2-Sdentato, staminibus ste- rilibus nullis .- pappo elongato? Willdenow, in his edition of Species Plantarum, has retained the four Linnean species of Calea, and added to ' I have observed another dioecious genus with naked receptacle, capillary pappus, and a habit nearly similar to that of Baccharis, of which Baccharis nerei/olia Linn, is the only published species. It may be named BRACIIYLiBNA. Involucrum imbricatum, squamis coriaceis. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi dioici. Masculi : antheris exsertis, basi bisetis. Feminei angustiores, limbo 5-fido; filamenlis sterilibus: stigmatibus linguiformibus imberbibus. Pappus utriusque sexus pilosus scaber. ArbuscuIsB vel Frutices (Africse australis) subtomentosi. Folia aUerna inte- gemma vel dentata. Inflorescentia terminalis, subracemosa. Involucra sub- ovcta, brevia : squamis ovatis, textura uniformi. OK PLANTS CALLED COMPOSlTit:. 295 tliem an equal number, not one of which belongs to any of the genera formed bj the original species, but to four others equally distinct. Tiic Jiriit of these additional species, taking them in the order in which Willdenow has arranged them., is Galea aspera, which he adopted from Jaecjuin ; by whom it is well descr'bed and figured, though erronecusl}? referred to Cafea. This, and not (as M. Richard has supposed) the nis nearly related species of North America, is what Linnaeus originally intended by his Bulciin fiivca, as aj)pears by the specimen in his Herbarium ; by his original reference to Vailiant's " Ceratocephalus foliis cordatis s. trianguiaribus flore albo,"^ described from a specimen in Surian's Herba- rium ; an'' by his afterwards adding as varieties of his spe- cies the two plants from Carolina figured in Hortus Elthamensis. Calea aspera is abundantly distinct from Bidens, and has very little affinity with any of the original species of Calea, and least of all with C. jau/aicensis, from which the character was taken. Since its appearance in Willdenow's work, however, it has been continued in this genus, in most of the recent catalogues of Gardens, as those of Des- fontaines, DecaudoUe, and the second edition of Mr. Alton's Hortus Kewensis ; and Lamarck in his Illustrationef? Generum has copied Jacquin's figure of it, apparently as the principal example of the genus Calea. It is certainly now too late to reci . to the name of Amcllits, under which Browne, as I have already attempted to prove, first proposed this plant as a distinct genus ; Linnaeus having soon after given that generic name to two very different plants, to one of which it is still applied ; and the real plant, of Browne having till now been mistaken, owing in part to his having entirely overlooked the pappus which is deciduous. Bidens nivea, however, as long ago as 1784 was described by Von Rohr, and published by him in 1792 in the second Act. Paris. 1720, p. 327. 396 OU8EIIVAT10N8 ON THE NATURAL FAMILY volume of tho Transactions of the Niitmiil History Society of Copenhagen, as a distinct genus, nndcr the name of Melanthera: and in 1803 by Richard, in Micluiux's Flora Boreali-Amoricana, where it is called Mi'lannntlu'ra., and 117] where the two species inchided by Linnaeus in his Bidem niven are for the first time distinguished : and lastly this genus, as named and determined in the work of Micliaux, is adopted by Persoon in his Synopsis. But as both Von Rohr and Richard have given only the natural character of the genus, and the essential character proposed by Persoon is not altogether satisfactory, I have added the following, and adopted the more generally re- ceived name of Mklananthera. i ♦^1 {Richard) in Michaux Amer. ii, p. 106. Melanthera Vou Rohr in Kiobenh. Naturhist. Sehkab. bind, ii, hefte 1, p. 213. Amellus Browne Jam. 317. Bidentis species Linn. CalesE species Jacquin. Involucrum duplici serie polyphyllum, subocquale. Re- ceptaculiim paleaceum, convexum, paleis foliaceis. Flosculi tubulosi, unifonnes, hermaphroditi. Achenium turbinatuni angulatura vertice depresso. Pappus e setis (2 — 18) sca- bris, distinctis, deciduis. Herbse (Americas sequinoctialis et iQm^exQi?Qi) puboscentes, scabrcB. Folia opposita, indivisa v. sublobata. Capitula terminalia, pcdmiculis uniflorist elongatis, tcrnatis, (jemi- nisve. Involucrum foliacemn. Receptaculi heniisph^rici paleoe foliolis involucri subsimiles. Corollge aibida. An- therae nigricantes, appendicibus apicis albidis, basi miitictB ; paulo post expansionem corolla exsertae, dein {contractione jllamentorum) fattcc inclusce. Stigmata appendice acuta hispidulo, post retractionem tubi antherarmi exserta ; demum subinclusa} ' In the extensive collection of plants made by my lamented friend Dr. Smith, on the banks of the Congo, I have observed a Syngenesious genus, which, though belonging to Polygamia superflua and having yellow flowers, is in other respects so nearly related to Melamnthera, that had it been found with **» or PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITE. 21)7 Ohs. In Von Rohr's natural diameter of Mdnnthera tlie Nectnrium, or gliuuliilar body slicathing the base of the style, is introduced, which is the earliest notice 1 ihh have yet found of this organ in Conjpositie, except in Jktsch's Analysis Vloruni, published in 1700, where it is ^ both described and figured in Corcopsin triplcriti. The merit, however, of establishing its nearly universal exist- ence in the hermaphrodite florets of this extensive class belongs to M. Cassini. Both Von Rohr and Richard in their characters of Mela- nanthera have described the anthene as shorter than the corolla, which is indeed the case in a particular state of the flower ; immediately after its expansion, however, they project considerably, and again become inclosed in the more advanced stage. This fact has been noticed by Jac- quin,' who considers the final inclosure of the antiierac to be owing to the elongation of the corolla. But the actual increase in length of the corolla is very slight, and by no means sufficient to account for the ajipearance ; the real cause of which is a considerable, and 1 believe a gradual, contraction of the filaments. This economy is not untre- (picnt in Composita), especially in the tribe oi J lelianthece, ini) to which Melananthera belongs. In M. Cassini's Memoir on the Stamina of Composita) the retraction of antherac is not expressly noticed. This ripe seeds only, it would certainly Imve been referred to it. The foUowi ig characters, liowever, prove it to be sufficiently distinct. It may be named LlPOTKICHE. Invohtcrum duplici serie imbricatum, subeequale. Reeeptacvlitm convexum, paleis foiiaceis, distinctis. Capittilum radiatuni. Liffulce (simplici serie) lemineffi. Flosculi hermaphroditi, sligmalibus appendice acuto hispidulo. Achenia subuniformia, turbinata ; Pappo setaceo, caduco. Herba; (Africa) lequinoctialis) Folia opponila, indivisa. Pcdunculi terminales, (erni. Involucra brevia, foliacea. PalcBC receptacuii carinatre, nertoxrv, uculcc CorolluIfB flacce. Ligulae elongate, ^-dentatm. Antiierse nigricantes, sub- inclusa, bad muiicfe. Achenium obtuse tetragonum. Pappus, in disco verticis depressi, brevis, e seiulis simplici serie, numerosis (8 — 10), disiinciis, deniiculatis, caducis vel deciduis. Melanantheras proxime accedit : affinis quoque Eclipta: Linn. Wedelias Jacq. et Diomedeee Cassini (in Journ. de Pliys. tome Ixxxii, p. 145), sed ab his omnibus satis distincta videtur. ' Collect, ii, p. 291, Tc. Rar. iii, t. 583. 298 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY i '^ ( appearance, however, can hardly have escaped so accurate an observer; and his opinion respecting its cause may perhaps be inferred from an observation he has made on the stamina of the tribe in which it is most remarkable, iiarT-ely Helianthea ; whose filaments below the joint, he says, wither very soon after foecundation.^ To this wither- ing, which he does not mention as occurring in any other tribe, the phaenomenon in question may be supposed to be ascribed. But it appears to me, that the contraction or collapse of the filaments, from their previous state of extension, is a vital action, and not the effect of withering or decay, which, however, speedily follows it. For the contraction may in great part be prevented by the separation of the floret, when the filaments are in the state of extension : and in many genera of Composita) the antherse are never retracted, but continue to project till they fall off with the corolla. This contraction is also analogous to the more evident motion or irritability of the filaments long ago noticed by Borelli and Alexander Camerarius^ in CinaroceplialcB ; and more fully described in the same tribe by Dal Covolo f whose observations are confirmed and extended to other subdivisions of Compositse by Koelreuter.* A similar con- 120] traction and irritability of the style has been lately described by Mr. Ker in certain species of Arctotis.^ The second species added to the genus by Willdenow is Calea lobata, which Linnaeus, from the general appearance, I conclude, rather than from actual examination of the plant in Clifford's Herbarium, had referred to Conyza; and having no specimen in his own Herbarium, the twofold error of supposing it to belong to Polygamia superfiua, and to have a naked receptacle, remained uncorrected in all his subsequent works. ' Journal de Physique, toire Ixxviii, p. 278. ' Ephemerid. Acad. Nat. Curios, cent, ix et x, p. 194. ' Discorso della Irritabilita d' alcuni Fiori. Firenze, 1764!. ' Von Einigen das Geschlccht der Pianzen betreffenden versuchen. 3. fortsetz. p. 125. * Botanical Register, i, 34. OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITE. 299 Its real structure was first pointed out by Professor Swartz, who consequently referred it to Galea, with the character of which it exactly agrees. This alteration is adopted in the first edition of Hortus Kewensis, where the generic character of Galea is modified, to admit those species that are without pappus ; and by Gaertner, who limits the genus to G. lohata and C. jamaicensis, as the only species that correspond with the Linnean character. But as G. jamaicensis, the original species of Galea, has been shown to have a pappus of a very different kind, it becomes necessary to give a new name to Galea lohata ; and some additions being also wanting to its generic cha- racter, I propose the following, and the name of Nelroljina. Calea Gart. Involucrum imbricatum, foliaceura. Beceptaculmn palea- ceum, planiusculum. Flosculi tubulosi, uniformes, lierma- phroditi. Anther (b inclusae, basi muticse (emarginatae). Stigmata acuta, recurva. Pappus capillaris, denticulatus, persistens. Frutex (Araericae sequinoctialis) erectm. Folia alterna, indivisa, et lohata. Corymbus terminalis, compositus. In- volucri suhovati foliola ohtusa, nervosa. Paleae recepta- t^si culi involucro snbsimiles. Corollula3^«yte.^ ' There are two other genera in many respects agreeing with the character here given of Neurolana, which it is necessary to point out. The first is Car- phephorm of M. Cassini (in Bulletin des Sciences, 1816, p. 198), sufSciently distinct in having the stigmata of Eupatorium or Liatris with the habit of the latter, from some species of which it differs only in its receptacle having paleae. The Sdcond, not yet described, may be named PlPTOCARPHA. Involucrum imbricatiuin, turbinatum, scariosum. Receptaculum : paleis di- tinctis. Flosculi tubulosi, uniformes, limbo revoluto. Anthercc exsertae, basi bisetee. Stigmata filiformia, acuta, hispidula. Pappus pilosus. Frutex (Brasiliensis) ramosissimus, decumhens? Folia alierna, intcfferrima, subtm incana. Involucra axillaria et terminalia, /asciculata, glabrata, squamis xessilibus obtusiusculis enerviis, textura uniformi. Palcue receptaculi squamis 300 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY The third species, Calea pinifolia, is adopted from Forster's Plorulae Insularum Australium Prodromus. The specimen of this plant in George Forster's Herba- rium (now forming part of the extensive collection of Mr. Lambert) is very imperfect ; it evidently, however, belongs to the same species with a more complete specimen received, without a name, from Forster by Sir Joseph Banks, in whose Herbarium I have examined it, and ascer- tained that it has a naked receptacle. It therefore cannot be a species of Calea, which I have no doubt Forster con- sidered it merely from a certain degree of resemblance to his Calea leptophylla. From the structure of its stigmata, antherae, and involucrum, Calea pimfoUa belongs, indeed, to a very different tribe, and might even be referred to Gnaphalium as it at present stands. But this extensive and ill-defined genus evidently requires reformation ; and 122] if the necessity for its subdivision be admitted, it will also, I believe, be found most expedient to apply the name Gnaphalium to that section to which G. lateo-album, syl- vaiimm, and uli(/ir.osum belong, and which is characterised by its naked receptacle, its involucrum connivent at top and of equal height with the truncated capitulum, which consists of numerous filiform female florets in the circum- ference, with a smaller number of hermaphrodite florets in the disk, both of them ripening seeds and having a sessile capillary deciduous pappus. To Gnaphalium so limited Calea pinifolia, a shrub with nearly acerose leaves, and in which all or most of the flos- culi are hermaphrodite and the radii of the persistent pappus somewhat thickened upwards, cannot be referred. It seems, however, to approach more nearly to Anten- naria, a genus separated from Gnaphalium by Gsertner, but which, as he has proposed it, consists of three tribes of intiminimolucn mhsimUes,et unacum iisdem (kcidua. CorolMvc glal/i-a. antlierarum integerrima^. Pappus albus, radiis simpUci lerie. Obs. I Lave not seen perfect seeds; and as even in the unripe fall off along witii the inner squamee of the iuvolucrum, and the anthertt , ject in a remarkable degree, it is possible tiie plant here described may be only the male of a dioecious species : it certainly, however, belongs to a genus not before published. OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITE. 301 plants sufficiently dissimilar in habit and structure to justify a further subdivision ; and, what is remarkable, none of them entirely agreeing with his generic character, The first tribe consists of herbaceous pUmts, natives of Europe and North America, having the male ind female flosculi in distinct involucra and on different individuals. To this genus the name Antennauia^ may remain, though ' Antennaria. Antennarioe species. Gcertner. Gnaphalii species. Linn. Jussiett. Invohcrim imbricatuni, scariosum, coloratum. Reeeptaculum cpaleatum, scrobiculatum. Flosculi dioici. Masculi : antheris basi bisetis : stigmalibus truncatis : Pappo vel penicillato v. apice incrassato. Feminei filiformes, limbo parvo : stamitmm rudimentis uuUis : Pappo capillari. Herbse pereanes, tomentosce, incana;. Folia plana, adulta Scppe super gla- hriuscula ; mclicalia in plerisque latiora. Inflorescentia cori/mbosa raro soli- laria. luvolucri turbinati vel quandoque heniispharici squamce e basi calycina sttperne coloratce {albce v. purpurascentes). Corullulse Jlavf.e. Antherse semi- exsertce. Pappus marium niveus, opacus. Obs. Gnaphalium margaritaceum, which I have referred to this genus, was first described by Clusius ; from wiiose account it appears to have been intro- duced into the Englisii gardens from America towards the end of the sixteenth century. It has ever since been very generally cultivated, as an ornamental plant, both in this country and on the continent of Europe; and has a place in several of the Europeau Floras, as well as in those of North America. It is surprising, therefore, that hitlierto the male plant only should have been observed, uni- formly, however, considered as hermaphrodite, except by M. Cassiui, wlio in his first memoir on Si/nantherce (in Journal de Physique, tome Ixxvi, p. 200) sus- pects it to be male, from the imperfect appearance of the ovarium. Tliat this species of Gnaphalium is really dioecious, I learned several years ago from an inspection of a specimen of the female plant in the Herbarium of Sir Joseph Bank.*, who found it on the banks of the Ilymney in Glamorgan- shire, where the plant was first observed by Lhwyd. I have since received several specimens of both sexes from Mr. Bicheno, to whom I had mentioned this fact, and who obligingly undertook to observe the different states of the plant in the same place, where it seems to be really indigenous. I have never been able to discover any female florets in the circumference of the capitulum of the male plant ; but in the centre of the female capitulum I have always found two or three imperfect male florets, whose antherse, although cohering and of the usual form, appear to be destitute of pollen. The separation of sexes in a still more common plant of this class, namely, Serralula tindoria, has been equally overlooked. All the authors who have noticed this species, which is included in almost every European Flora, as well as in more than one recent Monograph of the genus, have considered it as hermaphrodite, while it really belongs to Poly- gamia diacia, or has its perfect sexual organs on different plants. The herma- phrodite plant, apparently perfect, but which I believe very seldom ripens seed, is well figured by Schkuhr (in Botanisches Handbuch, tab. 234) ; and the female, whose stigmata are remarkably developed and undulated, while the 302 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY J 123] descriptive of the pappus of the male flower only. Its species are Gnaphalium dioicum Linn., alpinum L., car- paticum Wahlenberg, plantagineum L., and margarita- ceum L. The second tribe, consisting of Gnaphalium Leontopodium 124] and Leontopodioides, which may be called Leonto- podium, is in affinity intermediate between Antennaria and Gnaphalium as here limited, but has sufficient characters to distinguish it from both. The third tribe has been found only in South Africa, and consists of shrubs with small rigid heath-like leaves, of which the margins are incurved, the upper surface tomento^e, and the under convex and nearly smooth ; but by a remarkable twisting they are in most of the species resupinate; a character which seems to have been over- looked in all the described species ; namely, Gnaphalium muricatum, mncronatum, and seriphioides. In this tribe, or genus, which may be named Metalasia, the involucrum is generally cylindrical, and in most of the species has a short radius formed by the spreading coloured laminae of the inner scales; the flosculi are few in number, and all hermaphrodite ; and the radii of the pappus, which fall off separately, are either thickened or more strongly toothed at top. Galea pinifolia does not even belong to this genus, though it has a nearly similar habit ; but the margins of its leaves are revolute, and their tomentum chiefly on the under surface. In these respects, as well as in the prin- cipal characters of fructification, it agrees with several shrubs, chiefly of Nev Holland and Van Diemen's Island ; among which are Eiipatorium ferrugineuniy Eupatorium rosniarinifolimn, and Chrysocoma cinerea of M. Labillar- diere. Part of these have the inner squamae of the invo- lucrum simple, as seems to be the case in Galea pinifolia ; antherae are evidently imperfect, and which generally produces ripe seeds, is represented in English Botany (tab. 38), in Flora Danica (281), and probably also in Svensk Botanik (170). For my knowledge of this fact respecting Ser- ratula tinctoriu I am indebted to the Rev. Robert Bree of Camberwell, who pointed out to me both its states, which he was then disposed to consider as distinct species. OP PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITE. 303 while in others, as the two species referred to Eupatorium by M. Labillardiere, they form a sliort radius. Ihese 1 am indined to consider merely sections of one and the same genus, which may be distinguished by the following character, and named OZOTHAMNUS, [125 \ Involucriwi imbricatum, scariosum, coloratum. Recep- taculum epaleatum, glabrum. Flotsculi (pauciores quam 20) tubulosi, vel omnes hermaphroditi, vel paucissimi feminei angustiores in ambitu. Anthera (inclusae), basi bisetae. Stigmata apice obtuso subtruncato hispidulo. Pappus sessilis, pilosus, nunc penicillatus, persistens. Frutiees (Novae Hollandise et Novae Zelandiae, vix Africae australis,) graveolentes, tomentosi. Folia sparsa, integerrima, marginibus sapiiis recurvis. Inflorescentia termmalis, corymhosa v. congesta. Involucra alba v. cinerea : squamis intimia nunc conformibus et conniventibus ; nunc laminis patulis niveis radium brevem obtusum effor- mantibus. Corollulae lutece. Pappus albus. The fourth species added to Calea by Willdenow is Calea leptophylla of Forster, whose specimens I have exa- mined in Mr. Lambert's Herbarium. Amongst Forster's drawings, formerly referred to, there is a coloured figure of this plant, by which it appears that he originally considered it to belong to Gnaphalium. From this genus he after- wards removed it, probably on finding it referred to Calea in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks, by whom it was dis- covered in New Zealand in a more perfect, at least in a more luxuriant state. This plant, though agreeing with Calea in every part of the Linnean essential character, diflPers remarkably from it in other points of nearly equal importance, as well as in habit ; and along with Calea aculeata of M. Labillardiere, and several other species also natives of New Holland and Van Diemen's Island, constitutes a genus very nearly . "_-Ljf;-_'iii^ 304 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY related to Ozothamnus, from which it is to be distinguished chiefly by the palese of its receptacle. 126] I propose to name this genus in honour of M. Henri Cassini, whose well-conducted investigation of Compositae has already thrown much light on the structure and economy of the more important parts of fructification of this difficult class : and especially of those organs from which the distinguishing characters of Cassinia are here derived. I shall add the characters of the species of this genus, which, like Ozothamnus, admits of subdivision into two sections; and I have appended to it Calea spectabilis of Labillardiere, a plant corresponding with it in character, but diflering very much in habit from all the other species. Cassinia. Galeae sp. Labillardiere. Involucrum imbricatum, scariosum, pauciflorum. Re- ceptaculum : paleis distinctis, squamis intimis involucri subsimilibus. FloscuU tubulosi, vei omnes hermaphroditi vel paucissimi feminei angustiores in ambitu. Anthera: (inclusse) basi bisette. Stigmata apice obtuso subtruncato hispidulo. Pappus pilosus v. penicillatus, persistens. Frutices. Folia sparsa, scepius angustata, marginibus recurvis. Inflorescentia terminalis, corymbosa rariusve paniculata. Involucra alba nunc cinerea raro aurea ; squamis intimis scepius apice conniventibus, nunc patulis et radium brevem obtusum efformantibus. t Involucrum radiatum {squamis intimis apice patulis). 1. C. leptophylla, foliis hneari-hngulatis subter ramu- lisque incanis, corymbis terminalibus, involucris turbinatis. Calea leptophylla. Forst. Prodr. n. 2S7. Willd. Sp. PL iii, p. 1796. Persoon, Sgn. '\\, p. 406. Poiret, Encgcl. Suppl. ii, j». 28. 127] Loc. Nat. Novse Zelandiae campi arenosi prope OP PLANTS ('A1,Iiii»i.:iii.iii|iiii>pmuij^iiir:^>mi'«>ppi9^t^t^ippj'W':MW^ 312 OUSKUVATIONS ON TllK NATURAL KAMIIA' 1 sluill conclude tliis subject, by proposing a lew querios res|)ccting the indusiuni of Brunonia and GoodenovicB. la this remarkable covering of stigma in these families merely a process of the apex of the style ? or is it a ])art of distinct origin, though intimately cohering with the pis- tillum ? On the latter suppositifm, may it not be "on- sidered as analogous to the glandular disk surrounding or 135] crowning the ovarium in many other families ? And, in adoj)ting the hypothesis I have formerly advanced ^ res- pecting the nat jrc of this disk in certain families, — namely, tliat it is composed of a series of modified stamina, — has not the part in question a considerable resemblance in appa- rent origin and division to the stamina of the nearly-rjiated family Sfi/lidea- ? To render this supi)osili()n somewhat less paradoxical, let the coniparistHi be nuulc especially between the indusium of Bnutouid and the inqjerfect anthertc in the female flowers of Forslvru. Lastlv, connected with this view, it becomes of inq)ortance to ascertain whether the stamina in SfijlUkce are opj)osite to the segments of calyx or of corolla. The latter disj)osition would be in favour of the hypothesis. This, however, is a point which will not be very easily de- termined, the stamina being lateral. In the mean time, the existence and division of the corona faucis in Sfi/lidittm reniler it not altogether improbable that iiiey are opposite to the segments of the corolla. Since the preceding paper was submitted to the Society, M. Cassini has published' the substance of a Memoir, which he read to the Academy of Sciences of Paris in August last, on a new family of plants named by him J^oopiDi m:, and consisting of CaJyccra, Boopis, and Aci- varpfia. I have also, through the liberality of Messrs. de Jussieu, Desroutaiues, and Ikron Delessert, had the oppor- tunity of examining s[)ecimens of Acicurpha irihidoidcs in ' Ijimi. Soc. Transact. \. p. 15'J. [J/z/c, /;. 133.] - lUilloliu dca iSciciictvs ISKI, |i. KiO. Ol' I'liANTS CAliliKl) COMPOSI'IM:. ai3 flower and fVuit, of both species of Iho/m in flower, and detached flowers and periearpia of Calyccra, In all of these I have fonnd the ovulnni pcndnlons ; and in Acicarpha and Calyccra an inverted enil)ryo occupying the axis of a flesliy albnnien. My conjectures, therefore, on their struc- l'sa tun; and rehition to Acicarpha fipatfinlata of the preceding piiper, are completely verified by this examination, as well as by the observations of M. Cassini, who with his usual acuteness has detected the principal characters distinguish- ing Boopidecn from Compositan and Dipsaccce, between which he has also placed them. As JM. Cassini's Memoir, though read subsequently to mine, is already published, the name Calyccrca, which I have projwsed for this family, is superseded by that which he has given it. But as his account of the order is by no means complete, several characters of considerable, though not primary, im- portance being entirely omitted, I may be allowed to add to A\y paper some rennu'ks on the more essential points of resemblance and ditterence between it and the two families to which it is most nearly related. The principal characters distinguishing Boopidca from the whole; of ComposifcP are the pendulous ovulum and the albumen inclosing the embryo, of which the radicle points to the apex of the pericarpium. It appears to me necessary to state all these characters, and nearly in the terms in which they are here given : for, Lst, A i)endulous ovulum most fre(piently, indeed, is not, however, invariably con- nected with radicula sttpcra, though that direction of radicle might here, as well as in Compositsc, with coiifldcncc have been inferred from the vascular structure of the ovulum.' 2dly, Where the insertion of the ovulum is, as in this family, evidently below the upper extremity, the radicle ' Some of the indications in many cases affoidval l)y tlic strncture of the un- impregnated ovuhitn, of tho position r.nd direction of (he parts of the future embryo, have hitherto been overlooked : tiie subject, however, for its ehieida- tion requires details inconi))atible with tho limits of the present communication. I have in another place (Flindere's Voyage to Terra Australis, ii. p. (iOl [«o/. i, /I. 77J) tiirown out a siiiiilarhinl, which has piobably attracted no atlcu- tion, and must reserve the ex|)lanution of botli for a separate essay. 314 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY Ifi 137] which points to this extremity cannot in strict propriety be described as directed towards the umbiUcus. M. Cassini has not noticed the direction of the radicle ; either from supposing it constantly connected with that of the ovulum, or, which is more probable, from not having ascertained it. These distinctive characters may be considered as fully sufficient to authorise the separation of Boopidea from Compositse ; yet the same differences exist between certain genera referred and really belonging to Rubiacece and the principal part of that order. There are, however, three other characters unnoticed by M. Cassini, which distinguish the flowers of Boopidece from tlie hermaphrodite flowers of the whole of Conipositse ; namely, the accretion of the base of the style with the tube of the corolla ; the fibscuce of the epigynous disk or nec- tariuiu ; and the longitudinal subdivision of each cell of the anthera by a '* receptaculum pollinis," as in most other families, and of which, indeed, there seems to be the rudi- ment in the syngenesious genus Petrobium, described in the preceding paper. In the partial cohesion of the antherae, in which they re- semble Jasione, they certainly difter from all known Com- positae : but as in certain Compositse the antherae are very slightly connected or entirely distinct ; — this, though a re- markable circumstance, can hardly be employed as a dis- tinguishing character. The principal characters in which Boopidea differ from the greater part, though not from the whole of Compositae, are the corolla being continuous, or not jointed, with the ovarium j the antherae having no membranaceous appendix at top J and the undivided stigma. Boopidece differ from Bipsacea in the vascular structure and valvular aestivation of corolla ; in the aestivation, inser- 138] tion, and connexion of antherae ; in the absence of the partial involucrum ; and in having alternate leaves. In adopthig M. DecandoUe's description of Bipmccce} they would differ also in the important character of " ova- ' i'lor. iM-aiic. o'"c K'A. vol. iv. p. "221. OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITiii. 315 in liuiM inferum." This distinction, however, is neither uni- versal, nor I believe absolute in any case. M. Auguste Saint Hilaire in his excellent Memoir on Frimdacece} while he admits the correctness of M. Tecan- dolle s account with respect to great part of Bip^acea, has at the same time well observed, that in several species of Scabiosa the ovarium is entirely united with the tube of the calyx. But neither of these authors has remarked the curious, and I believe peculiar, circumstance, of the base of the style cohering with the narrow apex of the tube of the calyx, even in those species of the order in which the dilated part of the tube is entirely distinct from the ovarium. This kind of partial cohesion between pistillum and calyx is directly opposite to what usually takes place, namely, the base of tlio ovarium being coherent, whilst its upper part is distinct. It equally, however, determines the apparent origin or insertion of corolla and stamina, producing the unexpected combination of " flos superus " with " ovarium liberum." In the vascular structure of the corolla BoopidecB may be considered as essentially agreeing with Composita, in many of whose genera the middle nerves of the tube and seg- ments are equally manifest. In stating the character derived from this source in either of these orders, it is not sufficient to describe thv^ nerves of the laciniae oidy as M. Mirbel has done in his character of Conipositse,^ and M. Cassiui in that of Boopidea3 : but it is also necessary to give their [139 disposition in the tube or undivided part of the limb ; there being instances in both families where the lateral nerves of die segments do not unite at top ; and, as has been formerly remarked, several examples in other families of a nearly similar disposition in the segments, accompanied by a different disposition in the tube. To the examples of this kind formerly given, Globularia cordifolia may be added, in the segments of whose lower lip there are three simple nerves, of which the lateral do not unite at top, and con- J^ Mum. du Mus. d'llist. Natur. ii. p. 17. - Elemcns do I'liysiol. Vegci. ct dc liotaii. ii, p. 8b5. 316 OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURAL FAMILY I :l tinue distinct nearly to tlie base of the tube, where they converge and appear to unite with the middle nerve. In Acicarpha and Boopis the filaments appear to me jointed as in Corapositse ; a character I have not been able to observe in the very few flowers which I have examined of Calycera. In Acicarpha the florets of the circumference are herma- phrodite and apparently com})lete, the antherae containing pollen and the ovaria producing seed ; while those of the disk are male with an incomplete pistillum. . Such an arrangement has not hitherto been observed in Compositse, in wliich, wherever the central florets are male with an imperfect ])istillum, those of the circumference are female with or without the rudiments of stamina. The regularity in the order of expansion of flowers from the base to the top of the caj)itulum in Acicarpha tribti- loides and spathulata, and the irregularity, apjU'oaching to the inverted order, which I have found to exist in both species of Boopis, seem to prove the capitulum to be simple in the former genus and compound in the latter, notwithstanding the great resemblance between their invo- lucra. The exact nature of its composition, however, in Boopis can only be satisfactorily determined in recent s[)e- cimens. 140] This irregular expansion in Boopis, which renders even the generic name improper, and at present the want of satisfactory characters to distinguish it from Cali/ccra, are objections to the Jiame M. Cassini has chosen for this family ; while that of Calycerea, which I have proposed, derived from the genus first described, and applicable to all the genera of the order, appears to me unexceptionable : especially as there seems no reason to doubt that the part which I have considered as calyx in Boopidecs is really such ; its divisions being generally in equal number, and alternating with those of the corolla. It may be observed that a like alternation of the divisions of the pappus with the segments of the corolla obtains in those genera of Com- positse where both ))arts are in equal number. But in some cases, where the division of pap[)us is still further OF PLANTS CALLED COMPOSITE. 817 reduced, the same alternation does not exist, especially in those genera having vertically compressed pericarpia and two aristiE, as Spikmthus and Salmea. The absence of " discus epigynus" in Boopidece is a necessary consequence of the accretion of the base of the style with the tube of the corolla. It seems to me, how- ever, that a modification of the same organ may be traced in the five thickened areolae observable within and near the base of the tube formed by the fihunents in Acicarpha spa- thulata ; and nnich more distinctly in the same situation in Boopis bahamilifolia, where they have the a])pearance of five adnate fleshy bodies alternating with the filaments. This apparent decomposition of the glandular disk in Boopidece, compared with its state in Compositae, as well as its transposition and the alternation of its parts with the stamina, seem to give some additional support to the con- jecture I have formerly hazarded in the paper on Profeacea;, published in the Society's Transactions (vol. x, p. 1590; namely, that in several families — for the hypothesis is not meant to be extended to all — this part, even in its [iti simplest state, may be considered as formed of a series of modified stamina : Or, merely to state the facts from which the conjecture originates, that there are certain families in some of whose genera this organ exists in its simplest form, that of an undivided fleshy ring ; while in other genera of the same families it consists of several distinct bodies alter- nating with the stamina, and in some cases putting on the appearance of barren filaments. This hypothesis is chiefly applicable to families in which the number of stamina is equal to the divisions of one floral envelope only, the nectarium being supposed to be formed of the second series : but it receives its principal support from Scitamine^,^ where the glandular bodies belong actually to the same series with the perfect stamen. I am aware at the same time of several objections to its generalisation. Thus, the nectarium or glandular disk exists in families Avhere, though the stamina are definite, ' [Ante, p. 133.] . ' See Fliiidcrs's Voyage to Terra Austialis, ii. p. 57t [vol. i, /). 4-9]. mam^^v^mf^M Ljm*ii- A^JA* . Mi 318 PLANTS C'AIJiED COMPOSIT.f;. I I they are equal in number to the divisions of calyx and corolla united; and moreover, in such families where it consists of distinct parts, these parts are placed where an addition to the number of stamina is least likely to take place, as in Crassulaceee. Here, however, as in many other cases, the divisions of the disk are opposite to the ovaria ; they may therefore be supposed more intimately con- nected with the pistilla than with the stamina ; an opinion which is I believe held, though not yet published, by the ingenious M. Decandolle with respect to Banunmdacece. In support of this opinion it may be noticed that in Paonia Moutan, where the disk or urceolus is in the state of the greatest development, when a multiplication of the pistilla takes place, which in the double-flowered varieties of this U2] species it not unfrequently does by the addition of one or more inner series, the rudiments of an analogous disk are produced along with each of the additional series. Yet, in opposition to this view, I have in a single instance found one of the divisions of the urceolus in Paonia Moutan changed into an anthera ; and the divisions of the ap- parently analogous organ in Aquilegia, which in their usual state resemble barren filaments, have sometimes been observed with perfect antherae.^ ' Schkuhr Ha dbuch, tab. 146. # f 1 CHARACTERS AND DESCRIPTIONS 07 THREE NEW SPECIES OF PLANTS, FOUND IN CHINA BY CLARKE ABEL, Esq.; SELKCTED FROM A SMALL COLLKCTION OF SPECIMENS, THE ONLY PART OP UTS HERBARIUM THAT ESCAPED THE WHECK OF THE AliCESTE. BY RORKRT BROWN, RR.S. [Extracted from the ^Narrative of a Journey in tlie interior of China^ hy Clabke Abel, EsQ.,/)p. 374—379.] LONDON. 1818. I I' ■h . t n ;; CHARACTERS AND DESCRIPTIONS [874 Ot THREE NEW SPECIES OF PLANTS, HAMAMELIS. Linn. Syst. Linn. Tetrandria Digynia. Char. Gen. Petala 4, elongata, sestivatione valvato- involuta ! Capsula semiinfera, bilocularis. Semina soli- taria. OrD. Nat. HAMAMELlDEiE, Br. Char. Gen. Petala elongata, aestivatione valvato-invo- luta ! Obs. Hamamelidese notis praesertim sequentibus distin- guuntur. Flos semisuperus, completus, tetrapetalus. Sta- mina antherifera quatuor, petalis alternantia ; Antheris basi insertis, bilocularibus, loculo singulo dehiscent! valvuhi imica medio seniiseptifera, et vel altera sutura incompleta f)ersistenti, vel utraque solubili decidua. Ovarium bilocu- are, loculis monospermis, ovulis pendulis (v. appensis). Sti/li duo. Fructus serniinferus, capsularis. Embryo longi- tudine fere albuminis : radicula supera. Huic ordini, cui referenda Hamaraelis, Linn.f Dicoryphe, Auh. Du Petit-Thouars, et Dahlia, Thunb., forsan adji- cienda, in distincta tamen sectione, Fothergilla, Linn., 21 HMkPH«tw<«MpMiak-i<*«»H ( * ( 1 t m I 322 CHARACTURS AND DESCRIPTIONS OP pericarpio, semine? necnon habitu similis; petalonim defectu, staminibus numerosis et dehiscentia autheraruiii diversa. HaniamelidesR hinc affines Bruniaceia, (ordo cui pertinent Brunia, Staavia, Linconia, Thamnea et Erasina,) ab iisdem distinguuntur antheranim insertione et dehiscentia, ovarii loculis monospermis, capsulae dehiscentia, floribus quadri- fidis et habitii; inde accedunt Corno, Marlese, Roxb. (quae Stylidium, Lour., fide exempl. ab ipso auctore,) gene- ribusque affinibus, et quodammodo Araliaceis, diversae structura antherarum, fructu capsular! aliisque nods. 876] Hamamelis Chinensis. l\ib} Hamamelia foliis integerrimis. Soland. Mss. in Biblioth. Banks. Arbiiscula sinensis cisti minoris folio rigidiore, flores can- dicantes in 5 vel 6 lacinias longas angustas ad umbihcum usque divisos binatira plerumque ferens, fructu ovato parvo bivalvi villoso glandis ad instar calyculato. Cunningham in Pluk. Amalih. 32*, tab. 368, fig. 2, fide speciminura in Herb. Pluk. Log. Nat. China prope Nan-king, B. Abel ; Insula Gheusan, Cunningham. Descriptio. Frutex decumbens, ramosissimus, rarais ra- inulisque teretibus, ultirais cinerascentibus, furfuraceis pube steliari brevi. Folia alterna, breve petiolata, integerrima, subovata, aeutiuscula vel obtusa, basi ingequali, uninervia, supra avenia, subtus venis anastomozantibus reticulata, utrinque pube steliari brevi, subtus copiosiore, cinerea, 8-10 lineas longa. Stipula? caducae. Capitula 3-5- flora, pedunculata, ramulos breves terminantiav. axillaria. Calyx pube steliari cinereus, furt'uraceus ; limbo supero, qua^i- fido, laciniis ovatis, planis, trinerviis, extus pubescentibus, iutus glabris, aestivatione imbricatis, deciduis. Petala 4, aequalia, laciniis calycis alternantia, elongata, calycem ali- quoties, ter quaterve, superantia, mernbranacea, glabra, ft^^'V<^*'CT<^^^''»ra«awjtflii'^ifi.'.)i'jjj.<(.wCin mffrii Jaitfa i iwmrtJtCuM a, ^- THREE NEW SPECIES OF PLANTS. 323 in. plana, lincaria, obtnsa, integerrima passimque eraarginata, triiiervia, iiervis ad basin nsque distinctis, inferne simpli- cissiniis, supcrnfe divisis, medio raniosiorc ; aestivatione e basi valvtita, supra seorsiin spirnliter invohita. Stamina antlierifera qiiatnor, epigyna, aecpialia, calycis laciniis oppo- sita, brevia, aestivatione conniventia. Filamenta brevis- sima, glabra, crassiuscula. Anthera stantes, ovato-quad- ratae, glabrae, acuniine subulato adscendente, ipsa anthera diniidio breviore ; bilocnlares, loculis lateralibus, medio longitudinaliter sulco, septiun partiale indicante, inscuiptis, valvula unicu medio semiseptiferS,, decidua. SquamuUe (stamina sterilia,) quatuor, glabrae, abbreviatae, latiorcs quam longae, emarginatae v. semibifidae, staminibus alter- nantes. Ovarium inferum, breve turbinatum, disco epi- gyno nuUo, biloculare, loculis monospermis, ovulis pendulis (appensis). Styli duo, brevissimi, distantes. Stigmata simplicia. Capsula semiinfera, corticata, dicocca, coccis semibivalvibus, contrariis segmentis corticis bivalvis. Obs. Hamamelis Chinensis a Virginica differt valvulis antherae deciduis pauloque liabitu ; an itaque (sub nomine Loropetali) in proprium genus separanda? fr Tabulae Explicatio. ■:m Ramus florifer et Hamulus fructifer, uterque niagnitu- dine naturali. Ad alterum latus tabulae Flores magnitudine aucti. <; 1. Flos hinc apertus et vi expansus. 2. Anthera ante dehiscentiam : 3. Eadem post dehis- centiam, valvulis jam delapsis. 4. Pars floris cum ovario longitudinaliter secto ; ostendens stylos duos et loculos monospermos. 5. Ovulura, cicatrice urabilicali juxta apicem. 6. Capsula, magnitudine naturali. 7. Pubes stellata, aucta. iin"*'»i "'■yufc-'V ■'■<■ — - '■— 824 CHARACTEK8 AND DESCRIPTIONS OP ABELIA.' Syst. Linn. Didynamia Angiospernua, post Linneeam. Char. Gen. Pericarpium iiiferum, (abortione) mono- spernium, indehiscens, calyce foliaceo coronatum. Involu- crum 2-raultiflorum, 0-polypliyllurn. OiiD. Nat. CAPRiFOLiACEif;, Sect. I. Juss. Gen. 211. (Lonicerese Br.) inter Linnaeum et Symphoricarpum. Char. Gen. Calyx foliaceus. Corolla subinfundilnili- formia, 5-loba. Slamina 4, didynama. Ovarium 3-locn- lare -. locqlis duobua polyspernjis, abortientibus ! tertio monospermo fertili. Pericarpium monospermuin, inde- hiscens, calycis limbo foliaceo coronatum. Involucrum bi-multiflorum, foliolis sex pluribusve. Frutices decuvibentes vel debiles, glabri. Folia opposite petiolata, dentato-crenata. Pedunculi modo axillarea, tricho tomi vel trijidi ; modo terminales indivisi. Patria China et Japonia. Obs. Linncece proximuin genus, quacum convenit sta- minibus didynamis et structura ovarii ! diversum fructu hinc uninervi inde quinquenervi, coronato calycis limbo foliaceo persistente, necnon inflorescentia et habitu. 877] Symphoricarpus habitu paulo magis accedens Abelice, ab eadem facile distingnitur, inflorescentia, floribus pen- tandris, ovarii quadrilocularis loculis duobus monospermis, fertilibus ; duobus reliquis polyspermis sterilibus ! Triosteum fructu calyce foliaceo coronato Abelia simile, abunde diversum est ovarii trilocularis loculis omnibus monospermis fertilibus, floribus pentandris et inflorescentia. < This account of the genus Abelia is extracted from a manuscript disserta- tion on the natural order to which it belongs. 1*^1 lit THREE NEW 8PKCIE3 OP PLANTS. 325 Abelia Chinensis. Tah.^ Abelia iiivolucris bifloris, pedunculis trichotomis, stamini- bus exsertis. Luc. Nat. Chinae provincia Kiang-si; prope laciim Po- Yang. D. Abel. Descriptio. Frutex AQCwmhen^. i?flww/e virgati, cine- rnscentes, pube tenuissima, per lentem soliim obvia. Folia opposita, petiolatn, exstipulatc, vix uncialia, ovata, acutius- ciila, pinna, crenato-serrata, uninervia, venis anastomozan- tibus, inimersis, paginis subdiscoloribus, superiore pube ram brevissima simplici conspersa, niarginibus per lentem ciliatis pilis acutis. Pedunculi e summis alis et terminales, approximati, thyrsi speciem etfonnnntes, trichotonii, quan- doque tantum trifidi, divisuris bibracteolatis. Involucrum biflorum, hexaphylluui, subacquale, persistens, abbreviatum ovariis sessilibus aliquoties brevius. Ci 'i/x superus, limbo quinquepartito, sequnli, laciniis spathulato-oblongis, planis, patentibus, uninerviis, venosis. Corolla infundibuliformis, calyce duplo longior: tubo quinquenervi, nervis quatuor approximatis, quinto distanti : fauce imberbi : limbo quin- quefido, patenti, laciniis ovatis, obtusis, subaequalibus. Stamina quatuor (absque rudimento quinti) : Filamenta dimidio int'eriore tubo coroUae adnata, ejusdem nervis quatuor approximatis primo intuitu subopposita, sed revera alterna ; superiore libera, filiformia, pilosiuscula, parum inaequalia, apicibus exsertis : Antliera incumbentes, oblongolineares, loculis appositis, absque manifesto connectivo, medio longi- tudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium inferum, lineari-ob- loMgum, modice compressum, tenuissime pubescens, hinc uninerve (fig. 2), inde quinquenerve (fig. 1), in.coUum breve apice angustatum, basi acuta parum attenuata; trilo- culare (fig. 1 et 3) (collo e divisione chordae pistillaris fenes- trato), loculis duobus (interioribus ?) polyspermis, ovulis simplici serie insertis, supremo erecto ! reliquis pendulis, omnibus constanter abortientibus ; loculo tertio in latere ' [See note at vol. i, p. 187.] wv^a 826 CHARACTERS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF uninervi (extei iore ?) ovarii, monospermo, ovnlo ovato, re- liquis oliquoties majore, a raargine inferiore fenestrse chordae pistillaris pendulo, vasculoso fasciculo dorsali ! 878] Stylus filiformis, glaber, longitudine starninum. Stigma depresso - capitatura, indivisum, imberbe. Pericardium figura ovarii, eoque vix duplo inajus, calycis limbo, pro- portionatim aucto, coronatum, monospernium, lociilis duobus abortientibus ad alterura latus pressis (fig. 4), in- dchiscens, coriaceum, exsuccura. Semen (fig. 4 et 5) sub- cylindraceura, cavitatem ovarii fere replens, prope apicem insertum funiculo brevi. Integumentum duplex : exterim membranaceum, laxiusculum ; interius tenuissimum, albu- mini arete adherens. Albumen (fig. 6) figura et magni- tudine seminis, dense carnosum, album. Enibryo (fig. 6 et 7) axilis, rectus, albus, albumine aliquoties (fere quad- ruplo) brevior : Cotyledones breves : Radicula supera. Ohs. The genus Abelia is named in honour of its dis- coverer, Clarke ABEii, Esq., who accompanied the late Embassy to China, as Chief Medical Officer in the suite of Lord Amherst. Nearly the whole of the extensive collec- tions formed in China by this zealous naturalist were, un- fortunately for science, lost in the wreck of the Alceste ; the only part saved being a small selection of specimens of plants which he had presented, while in China, to Sir George Staunton, by whom they were most liberally returned to him on his arrival in England. *p'.^ EURYA. Thunh. Jap. p. 11. SxsT. Linn. Polygamia Dioecia. Char. Gen. Hermaph. Calyx 5-part. Corolla mono- petala, 5-partita. Stamina 12 — 15. Ovarium superum, 3-loc. Stylus 1. Stigraata 2 — 3. Mas. Cal. Cor. et Stam. ut in Hermaph. Pisiillum 0. TIIUHK NKW 8PEC1B8 OP PLANTS. 827 Fem. Cal. Cor. Hermaph. Stamina 0. Ovar. 3-loc. StyfKS 1. Stigmata 3, revoluta. Bacca polyspernia. Ord. Nat. TERNSTROMiACEiE. Mirbel, Nouv. Bullet. a, p. 381. Be Candolle, Prop. Med. dea Plantes, p. 203. Char. Gen. Flores Polygami-Dioici. Calgo! 5-part. Pefala 5, iinguibu8 connatis. Stamina 12 — 15, simplici serie. Ot;«n«;« 3-loc. poly spermum. Stylus \. Stigmata^. Bacca trilociilaris, polysperma. Semina reticulata. Obs. Proximum genus Fresiera, distinctum florihns polygamis et petalis basi connatis. EuRYA Chinensis. Tab} lS7» ^«rj/<2 foliis cuneatO'Ovalibus obovatisque, ramulis ultimis pubescentibus. Loc. Nat. Chinse provinciae Kiang-si et Quang-tong; in campis et collibus. Desc. Frutex bipedalis, raraosissimus, erectus, rarais teretiusculis, patentibus, novellis pube simplici, eopiosa, subappressa. Folia alterna, petiolata, exstipulata, coiiacea, sempervirentia, cuneato-ovalia passimque obovatocuneata, serrata, novella subtus pilis raris conspersa, vix uncialia, siccata subtus praesert'm flavicantia. Flores parvi, axillares, 3 — 5, fasciculati, breve pedur^culati, pc iunculis apice bibracteolaiis. Calyx foliolis ovatis, obtusiusculis, duobus exterioribus oppositis minoribus, sestivatione imbricatis. Corolla monopetala, subcampanulata, alba, calyce sesqui- longior, e petalis quinque, unguibus arete connatis, laminis obovatia apice patulis, formata. Stamina circiter 12 — 15, hypogyna, simplici serie inserta, basi corollae leviter co- hserentia. Filamenta, filiformia, glabra, antheris parum longiora. Antherce juxta basin leviter emarginatam insertaB, lineares, mucronatae, biloculares, loculis absque manifesto connective appositis, medio longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium, sessile, disco nullo cinctum, ovatum, glabrum, ' [See note at vol. i, p. 187.1 p^Mimnpi«m^>Bi«iiin*B 328 THREE NEW SPECIES OP PLANTS. triloculare, locuiis pol' >permis. St;i/lu8 unicus, subulatus, glaber. Stigmata tria, tiliformia, obtusiuscula, stylo breviora. Masculi Jiores absque pistillo. In /«?»«';2m nulla rudimenta staininum. Obs. Quam maxime affinis Euryse Japonicae Thunh. Jap. 1 91 quae ramulis ultiniis glaberrimis foliisque ellipticis acutis distincta. > I CHARACTERS AND DESCRIPTION ov LYELLIA, A NEW GENUS OF MOSSES, WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE SECTION OF THE ORDER TO WHICH IT BELONGS; AND SOME REMARKS ON LEPTOSTOMUM AND BUXBAUMIA. BY ROBERT BROWN, Esq., F.R.S., Libr. L.S. (Eead April 6th, 1819.) {Extracted from ' The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London^' Vol. XII, pp. 560—583.] mmmim ^^mKi^mi^mmmmimmmmmtmmm'ft i; V %*: CHARACTERS AND DESCRIPTION [Sffil Of LYELLIA, tfec. In the tenth volume of the Society's Transactions, I have given a description of Dawaonia} a genus of Mosses having entirely the habit of Polytrichmn, but whose peristomium, instead of consisting of a single row of short teeth connected by a horizontal nienibrane, is composed of an indefinite number of capillary cilia. These cilia, originating both from the inner surface of the capsule, immediately within the orifice, and from the columella itself, form a loose pencil, of which the hairs are sufficiently distinct to allow of a gradual discharge of the seeds. The correctness of this account of Daiosonia^ especially as to the origin of the peristomium^, and tuo nature of the supposed columella', has been questioned by some of those authors, who have since adopted the genus. From a careful re-examination, however, I find no reason to alter in any respect the generic character formerly given ; and to the description of the species I have only to add, that the upper surface of the leaves is furnished with parallel lamellae, like those of Polytrichum ; and that the inner membrane of the capsule is, in the early stage at least, [sei connected by numerous plicae with those elevations of the ' [Vol. I, p. 348.] 2 Bridel Meth. Nov. Muscor. p. 205. ^ De la Pylaie in Juunial de Botauique appliq. iii. p. 134. I ■( " 332 ON LYEIiLIA, LEPTOSTOMUM, surface of the columella, which are noticed in my description, and well expressed in Mr. Bauer's excellent figure. My principal object, in the present paper, is to establish another genus of the same family, equally related to Poly- trichum in habit, which resembles Lawsonia in the remark- able form of its capsule, but whose peristomium is of so peculiar a structure as to require its separation from both these, and readily to distinguish it from all other genera of Mosses. This new genus I shall name Lyellia, in honour of Mr. Charles Lyell, an acci^rate English Botanist, who has par- ticularly studied, and made several important discove "ies in, the natural order to which it belongs. Mr. Hooker has already intimated his intention of estab- lishing a Lyellia in the same order, to consist of three species of Leucodon that have a mitriform calyptra ; ^ but he has readily agreed to transfer the name of our friend from a genus, respecting which there is still some uncertainty, to one so unquestionable as that here proposed ; and as I have not a drawing prepared to accompany the present com- munication, I trust he will give the necessary illustration of this interesting genus, in an early number of his excellent Muaci Exotici. LYELLIA. Stoma edentulum,clausam epiphraymate (crasso depresso), cujus discus circularis a limbo (latiori) persistenti secedens, cum columella remanenti inclusa cohseret. Capsula hinc plana inde convexa. Calyptra cucullata (apice pilosa). 568] Mrncus (Nepalensis) habitu Polytrichi ; capsula fyurd et structurd intefiori Dawsoniae similis; peristomio ah utroque genere diversissimus. ' Musci Exolici, vol. i. 17. AND BUXBAUMIA. 333 Lyeltja crispa. Descriptio. Muscua caespitosus. Caulis erectus, simplicissimus, 3-4-uncialis, ipsa basi tomento radicali cinereo copioso tenuissinio tectus, dein, ad ]; circiter longitudinis, basibus emarcidis folioruin squa- niatus, supra dense foliatus. Folia imdique versa, e basil)us dilatatis subciineatis seniivaginantibus membranaceis pallidis inibricatis, subu- lata, canaliculata, nigro-viridia, opaca ; marginibus ab apice ad I longitudinis et ipso apice carinse serratis ; disco intus longitudinaliter lamellis numerosis, parallelo-approximatis, tenuissimis, e nervo ipsaque superficie ortis ; limbo elamel- lato minutissime areolato; niadora patula leviterque in- trorsum falcata, siccitate contorta. Masculi Flores non visi. Fructificatio Feminea terminalis, solitaria. F«^mM/a cylindracea, villis implexis instructa, apice trun- cato simplici. Seta sesquiuncialis — biuncialis, erecta, teres, laevis, cas- tanea, demum cava. Calyptra (nonnullse delapsse solum a nobis visae) cucul- lata, hinc alte fissa inde truncata, laevis, api.^e pilis brevibus simplicibus hispidula. Capsula erectiuscula, circumscript'.one )vata, fusca, vix maniteste areolata, hinc plana et ala perangustacincta, inde convexiusrnla, coUo brevissimo cyiindraceo. Apophysis nulla nisi basin castaneo-fiisca et undique instructa punctis parvis sparsis num' rosis, pustulifarmibus, verticaliter ellip- ticis, margine paulo incrassatis. disco angusto, porura re- [ses ferente sed laminam tantum exteriorem perforante. Operculum (unicum tantum visum quod calyptra delapsS, inclusum) e basi depresso-conica desinens in rostrum longi- tudine circiter ipsius baseos, intus auctum processu cyiin- draceo, centro baseos inserto, et proculdubio disco circulari terminali coluraellae applicito. Peristomium horizontale, nee obliquum, clausuni quasi operculo interiori sen epiphragmate crasso, opaco, edentulo, ■■WlfP^ 834 ON LYELLIA, LEPTOSTOMUM, planiusculo, persistente ; limbo latiusculo crassiore castareo ; disco pallido leviter depresso ; ipso centro circidari plaro, crassinsoiilo, fiisco, a disco pallido mox separante, arete ciiiu columella cohaerenti, eaqiie demuiu abbreviata intia cavita- tem retracto. Membmna interior (s. Theca vera) approxirnata exteriori, quacutn processubus nuuierosis vasculiformibus connexa, ore coarctato, spougioso-meiubraiiaceo, coUutn breve coju- mellae arete amplexante, superfieie interiore alte corrugata. Columella incapsulamatura niajuscula, subovalis,iacunosa, rugis elevatis applicitis et forsan ccnnexis plicis responden- tibus niembranae interioris. Semina minutissiiua, in ciimulo viridia, separatim hyalina, laevia. Lyellia crispa was lately discovered in Nepaiil (probably in the vicinity of Kathmandu,) by tlie botanical collectors sent from the Compan)f's garden at Calcutta, by Dr. Nathaniel Wallich, the worthy successor of Dr. Roxburgli in that establishment. The specimens here described weie received from Dr. Wallich by Sir Joseph Banl"5 ; and I have also seen others sent at the same time t( Lambert, part of which he very liberally communicatv^J. 664] The whole number of capsules examined does not exceed twenty-five ; but as all of these were ripe and of uniform appearance and structure, they will probably be considered sufficient for the establishment of the genus. To complete the description of Lyellia, male flowers, which, however, probably resemble those of Polytiichum and Dawsonia, are still wanting ; and although there is no reason to doubt that the calyptra and operculum, both of which I have ventured to describe from fallen specimens, really belong to this species, yet it would be more satisfac- tory to find them while still attached to the capsule ; for in this state only the form of the operculum and its probable, central connection with the orbicular disk of the peristomiura can be absolutely determined. It will be necessary also to examine a greater number of specimens, and perhaps in AVD BUXDAUMIA. 335 different states, to ascertain absolutely the oeconomy of this moss in the dispersion of its seeds. It is evident, however, if the description already given be correct, that as far as dispersion takes place, by the mouth of the capsule, it can only be effected by a contraction or shortening of the colu- mella, and a corresponding retraction within the cavity of the capsule, of the central portion of the peristomium which adheres to it ; and in this state several of the specimens were actually found. But it is also manifest, both from the great size of the columella, and its numerous points of connection with the inner membrane, that in this way the whole of the seeds cannot be discharged. It is possible therefore, that in cer- tain circumstances at least, their dispersion may be assisted by the minute pores existing at the base of the capsule. These pores, in the specimens examined, were found to penetrate the outer membrane, or even its external layer only, and being situated below the origin of the seminal bag, their first effect will probably be to accelerate the decay of the internal spongy texture of the base of the csei capsule. But by thus removing support from the cdu- mella and inner membrane, they may contribute to the greater shortening of the former, and consequently in increasing the dispersion by the mouth of the capsule ; or, from the same cause, the inner membrane being at !ength ruptured, the seeds may be in part discharged by the pores themselves. It seems then not improbable, from what we at present know of the structure of Lyellia^ that for the dispersion of the seeds in this genus there are two distinct contrivances, both of which, however, in the only species yet known, are apparently imperfect. But hence it is jerhaps allowable to conjecture, that either other species of fyellia, or a nearly- related genus may exist, in which while the mouth of the capsule remains absolutely shut, the pores of the base may be sufficiently enlarged for the complete performance of this important function. Pores exactly resembling those of Lyellia crispa have not hitherto been found in any other moss. I have observed, ■} ■' Ic- U, V ?0i ^/•U \^. USEUM Of ■_ 9 836 ON LYELLIA, LEPT08T0MUM, If however, in several specimens of Polytrichum alpinum still more minute pustules, not very different in appearance, and similarly situated on the base of the capsule. In establishing this new genus of Mosses, it is of import- ance to determine its more intimate affinities in the family to which it belongs. Its place is unquestionably between JPolyh'ichum and Dawsonia ; and it will I believe be admit- ted, that these three genera, in the natural method, cannot be separated ; though they will necessarily form or be re- ferable to distinct sections of an artificial system founded chiefly on modifications of the peristomium. In attempting to discover characters by which this group of PoLYTRiCHOiDEiE may be distinguished from other Mosses, it is in the first place necessary to determine the whole structure of Polytrichum ; for this genus, though one 866] of the most common of the order, and, from the great size of the capsules in many of its species, most readily admitting of accurate observation, has never yet been thoroughly examined. One of the most striking characters of Polytrichum is the dense texture and consequent opacity of the leaves ; in which it agrees with the other two genera of the section. This character, however, is not altogether confined to Foly- tricho'idea, and is wanting in Polytrichum undulatum and anyustatum. But the lamellae of the upper surface of the leaves probably exist, though in very different degrees, in all the species of Polytrichum ; are equally observable in Lyellia and Dawsonia ; and I am not aware thett they have been found in any other genera of the order. These lamellae, which are represented in several of the species figured in English Botany, by Wahlenberg in P, Icemyatum} and since noticed by Messrs. Hooker and Taylor ^ as existing in nearly the whole of the genus, do not belong to the nerve only, as the authors of Muscoloyia Britannica seem to suppose, but in several species cover the greater part of the surface of the upper or spreading por- tion of the leaf; the sheathing base being either entirely ' Flora Lappon. tab. 22. ' Muscol. Brit. p. 24. ANO BUXIiArMIA. 337 destitute of them, or having them much less developed ftud strictly confined to the nerve. Tn the form and position of the male flowers there is probably an absolute uniformity in the whole of this group : but the only peculiarities consist in the perigonial leaf or bractea being formed chiefly of the sheathing part of the stem-leaf ; and in the new shoot proceeding from the centre of the star-like cluster. In P. undulatum, however, the former character is by no means obvious, and the latter is not perhaps constant ; and both are only presumed to exist in Lyellia. The double calyptra of Polytrichum, long considered as the essential character of the genus, equally exists in cbot Dawsonia. But this outer or spurious calyptra, formed of densely matted hairs originating from the vaginula and the apex of the inner cucullate calyptra, is wanting in several species of Poli/trichum, in some of which, and in Lyellia, the true calyptra is furnished with a few hairs only, either scattered over the whole of its surface, or confined to its apex; while in others, as in Polytrichum imdulatum^ it is nearly, and in P. magellanicum and Icemgatum, entirely smooth. Respecting the teeth of the peristomium of Poli/trichum, I have very little to add, except that in P. magcllrmicum they appear to be eighty in number, which is a higher multiple of sixteen than has hitherto been noticed in this genus, and the greatest number that has yet been found in a single series in the order. On the nature of the transverse membrane or tympanum of Polytricimm, I have formerly made some remarks in treating of Dawsonia, and have there considered it as the remains of the pulpy continuation of the columella, originally occupying the cavity of the operculum. But its uniform texture, as well as its exactly circular form and equal margin remain to be accounted for ; unless this regularity may be supposed to depend on the circular, and apparently cor- responding, aperture of the inner membrane. Most authors have described the tympanum of Poly- trichum as jiinutely perforated. These pores I have never 22 83H ON l.YKI.LIA, LEPTOSTOMUM, 1 \:i I W !♦ been able to detect ; but I observe in many cases an appearance which may perhaps account for the belief in their existence, namely a minute reticulation on the outer surface of the membrane, apparently owing to the cor- responding areola) of the inner surface of the operculum, with which it was originally in contact. JPolytrichum is remarkable for the various forms of its capsule. Those species, indeed, in which it is quadrangular have been considered as a distinct genus by Mons. de MB] Beauvois. But unless this difference of external form should be found connected with others, either in the habit or in the internal structure, which I believe is not the case, it seems hardly sufHcient to justify the subdivision of so natural a genus. The symmetrical quadrangular capsule, admitting of a /regular cylindrical inner membrane, is a character of inferior importance to the plano-convex or dimidiate capsule, which almost necessarily implies, and in Dawaonia and Lyellia at least is found to be connected with, a corresponding irregularity in the figure of the cavity; and hence I have introduced this remarkable form into the characters of both these genera. On the structure of the inner membrane of the capsule in Tolytrichum the only observation that I have met with occurs in English Botany^ where, in the account of Poly- trichum aubrotundum (plate 1624 it is stated that Mr. James D. Sowerby has discovered, in this species as well as mPolytrichum undulaium, area\ membranaceous peristomium within the teeth, which, according to Sir James Smith, " gives quite a new idea of the generic character." This inner peristomium, if it may be so termed, which is well represented in the figure referred to, and consists of a horizontal projection of the inner membrane immediately below its apex, will, I believe, be found to exist in all the species of the genus, and in some cases reduces the aperture of the inner capsule to half the size of the outer at the origin of the teeth. It is always, however, quite entire, and, according to my observations, is formed of a doubling of the I AND BIXHAUMIA. 339 inner membrane, with a loose cellular or rather spongy substance interposed between the lamellae. Besides this transverse annular projection there are in the inner membrane of all the species of Polytrichum that I have examined, P. undulatum alone excepted, four longitudinal [»«» equidistant processes, extending from the aperture to the base of the capsule ; and in many species projecting so far into its cavity as to come in contact either with the salient angles or sides of the columella, and consequently to sub- divide it into a determinate number of cells. The analogy of these longitudinal processes with the more numerous and irregular plica; in Dawsonia and Lyellia is obvious ; and I have not myself met with similar processes of the inner membrane in any other genus of mosses. They do not, however, afford an absolutely distinguishing character of this group, as they seem to be altogether wanting in Polytrichum undulattim ; and Hedwig, it must be admitted, has represented an apparently analogous structure in Gym- nosiomim pyriforme} The quadrangular or four-winged columellaof Po/^/nc//«w commune is well figured and described by the accurate Schmidel*" ; and I have found an equally regular form of this body in most of the species of Polytrichum that I have examined ; though in many it is less evidently winged than in P. commune and the species nearly related to it. Mons. de Beauvois seems to consider the alae of the columella as themselves forming complete septa, and also that in this state they exist only in such species as have quadrangular capsules ; for to these he limits his genus Polytrichum, distinguished by him from Pogonatum by its multilocular fruit. The cavity, however, is completely sub- divided in several of the species with cylindrical capsules, as in P. urnigerum, and in a new species very nearly related to it {P. microstomum, nob.) lately received from Dr.Wallich: and the alae of the columella, as far as I have observed, never form complete septa, at least in the ripe fruit ; though im ^ Fundam. Hist. Nat. Muscor. Frond, pars ii. tab. S, /}. » Icones pi. p. 236. tab. 59, fig. 15. 44«^«^-i^ 'JAMii* ^ "f^wmigmr^ 340 ON LVKT.lilA, LKPTOSrOMlM, f VI ! I ii in those species . having quadrangular capsules they nearly reach the parietes opposite to the external angles, towards which they are directed. As the columella of Polytrichum. retains its regular form in the ripe capsule, its real structure may even then be in a great measure determined. In this stage I find its wings, or coLipressed sides, to consist of a double membrane with an intermediate spongy substance, in which ♦be'^e is no appearance of granules ; and the internal denser substance f»f the axis is equally free from granular matter. But as there is no indication of lateral rupture, the sides in several species remaining perfectly smooth, nor of any central cavity, this structure affords a powerful argument in refutation of those hypotheses which assume the existence of two kinds of granules in the capsules of mosses ; the one produced in the cavity f^^^iiied by the internal membrane, the other in the substance or supposed cavity of the columella itself; the latter being considered as seeds in one of the hypotheses,' and in the other as pollen .'^ This argument, however, is not here ad'inced to disprove the existence of two kinds of granules in the capsules of mosses, but merely against their production in the distinct cavities assigned to them in the hypotheses referred to. In the greater number of Polytricha as well as in Ly cilia and Dawsonia the seeds are extremely minute ; a fact with which the increased surface for their production is probably connected : for in P. undulatiim, where the seeds are larger than in most other species of the genus, this increased surface does not exist : and in P. lavigalum, where they are of still greater size, the plicae of the inner membrane are probably also wanting. 6711 Although there is but little resemblance in the structure of the peristomium among the different genera of Poly- trichoidets, they may still be said essentially to agree in the function of this part: for in all of them the complete separation of the seeds is ensured by the smallness of the apei-tures for their discharge. It may be remarked, that the Palisot B«a"7ois, Jlthcog. p. 5. K.eitli, Physiol. Bot. ii. p. 346. AND BUXBAUMIA. 341 necessity for this complet( dispersion in Mosses seems to be inversely as the size of the seeds. For in those geneni of the order in which tlie capsule either bursts irregularly or has a naked uionth, the seeds are in general larger than in those with a single, and still more manifestly than in thosu with a double, peristomiuni. And in conformity with this alsOj in Pohjtrichnm undidalum and Icevif/atum the tympanum is sooner ruptured or removed than in the other species of the genus. The result of this comparison of Foli/trichum with LycUiu and Dawsonia, although it conhrms the propriety of their approximation, does not afford any clearly distinguishing mark for the very natural section of the order which these three genera form. In the mean time, however, it may be circumscribed, though not with absolute precision, by a com- bination of the more general characters which have been now enumerated. LEPTOSTOMUM. In defining this genus, which was first proposed in my former jMiper on Mosses\ I relied chiefly on the uiulividcd annular projection of the inner membrane of the capsule. I was induced to employ this modification of the peristomitnu as a character, tiiough certainly far from beiug obviouSj in finding it to exist in several mosses of tlic southeru hemi- sphere, having a similar and })eeuliar habit : and which, had it been neglected, 1 nmst have referred to Gt/iimoHtomintt, with the greater numb( r of whose species they have hardly anything in common. Mr. Hooker, iiowever, han since found, as he states, [.tj tiie same structure in several other uiosses, generally con- sidered as having a naked p(irixtomium, particularly in Gi/m/ioatomiim microsfoiiiuuf, Oriffif/tio/iifm, and faacicii/an' ; and as these species have but little res(uublance to each other, and still less affinity to IjCpioHtomuin, he has reduced this genus also to Gymnoslomum. If the statement referred to be correct, Jjcph-slomum, 342 ON LYELMA, LEPTOSTOMUM. though it may be a natural genus, must be given up, until other marks shall be found by which it may be distinguished. I have not had specimens sufficiently perfect to enable me to judge of the structure of all the species of Gymnostomum mentioned by Mr. Hooker. In one of them, however, Gym- nostomum microstomum, the peristomium is certainly very different from that of Leptostomum. In this species I find, on removing the operculum, that the mouth of the capsule is not only completely covered by a horizontal membrane, but that this covering is derived from the outer membrane of the capsule, and consequently differs in origin as well as in form from the peristomium which it has been said to resemble. Its central portion, however, being extremely thin is soon ruptured and deciduous, and in this state only it has been seen by the authors of the Mmcologia Britannica. Gymnostomum microstommn therefore may itself be con- sidered as a distinct genus, to which the name of Hymenos- tomun^ may be given ; and it is worthy of remark, that in its technical character it approaches most nearly to Lyellia^ though no two mosses differ more widely in almost every other respect. 573] From the account given of Gymnostomum Griffiitlii- amim it appears that this species also has in the early stage a membrane completely covering the mouth of the capsule. But this membrane probably differs in origin, at least, from that of Hymenostomum, as \t seems to do both in form and dehiscence from the peristomium of Leptostomum. Of Gymnostomum fascicutare I have examined only im- perfect specimens, I cannot therefore speak with confidence of its structure. The annular process, however, mentioned by Mr. Hooker is more likely to be the remains of a com- plete horizontal covering, and probably originating from the inner membrane, than to resemble the peristomium either of ' H.TMENO.S'rOMtM. Fl. Fern, terminulis. Stoma edentulum, clausuin epiphragmale (e membrana cvtcriore orto), disco tenuissimo (a columella libero) niox rupto et evanido ; Imho persistent! hori- zontal i indiviso. Calyplra dimidiata, Itevis. Fl, A/as. termiualis, gemniifonniti, AND BUXBAUMIA. 343 Hymenmtommn or Leptoatomum. A membrane of this kind is certainly present in some species of Gymnoatomum, and perhaps may be found in all those that really belong to that genus. It exists also in Weissia Templetoni, which so closely resembles Gymnostomum fasciculare as to be with difficulty distinguished from it, unless by the inspection of the peristomium ; and, in addition to the erect annular peristomium from which the character of the genus is taken, I have observed a similar membrane in Leptoatomum itself. It seems even to be not an uncommon process or termination of the inner membrane, though it has been remarked only '» some of its more obvious and persistent modifications. Inus the spongy membrane figured and described in the two published species of Calt/mperea, seems to be an analogous structure,^ as is also the circular disk terminating the columella in several species oiSplachnum ; [574 and perhaps even the tympanum of Polytrichum may be of similar origin. But these characters of Leptoatomum and Hymenoatomum, though they do not appear to have been yet observed in any other mosses, may still perhaps be considered too minute for generic distinctions : and it must be admitted that were nothing to be obtained but the subdivision of an extensive natural genus it could not be necessary to have recourse to them. The divisions in question, however, are certainly not of that kind. The weakest part indeed of Hedwig's system is its bringing together all tli '^e mosses that have a naked peri- stomium, and even incluu _ig the greater part of them m the genus Gymnostoiuum , while many of the species so associated are in real affinity much nearer to several other genera of the order having a ample or even a double peristomium. ' The circular spongy membrane covcriiiEr die moath of Uie capsule certainly does not, form an essential part of the character of Ctmfmpures; lor, in the only species that I have examined, it is either endruv WHitiiis, or firmiv adheres to the inner surface of the operculum, aione wuh whictu also, a cons derable por- tion of the columella separates. NorhtiB Svartx. ''hu establiabed the genus (in SpreHff. Schrad. und Lin,,. J.ihrb. der Gammgh. vol. i, p. 1) even noticed thit membrane in his descripiutn. 844 ON LYELLIA, LEPTOSTOMUM, Thus Gymnostomum micro8to?num, the Hpnenostomum of the present paper, has less the habit of the genus in which it is placed than of JFeissia, to some of whose species, especially W. affinin and trichodea, it seenas to approach even in the structure of its peristoraium. Several species of that section of Gymnostotnum, to which perhaps the genus should be limited, especially G.fascicu- lare, Bonplandii, and Rottleri, can hardly be distinguished from Weissia Templetoni} 676] Gymnostotnum or Anictan^ium pulvinatum agrees in every other part of its structure with Grimmia. Gymnostovium lappoiiicum, notwithstanding the difference of calyptra, may be considered as related to Grimmia Daviesii, and consequently to Orthotrichum, which G. Baviesir' resembles in its teeth being approximated in pairs. Gymnostomnm viridissimum has exactly the habit and calyptra of Zygodon. Gymnostomum pennatum {SchldoHlega of Mohr,) in one remarkable character may be compared with Fissidena.^ ' Weissia Templeloni, alonp; with a nearly related species found in New Holland, Fnnaria minor of Deiiie (Flor. Myypt^, and perhaps also IVeisiia radians, may form a prmus distnct from Weissia, and nearly related to Funaria, differing chiefly in tlie irregiil«r bursing and evanescence of the inner peristo- niium, which in Funaria is regularly aivided and generally persistent, though in some cases perhaps equally deciduous. In a variety of Weissia Templeloni, or a very nearly related species, cnllected in 1800 in tlie county of Donegal, I have observed the outer peristoniium to be not unfrequently wanting, even before the separation of the operculum ; a fact which, if hereafter confirmed, would establish its affinity to Gymnostomum J'asciculare. • Griffithia Daviesii nob. •' As Schkuhr (in Krypt. Getoarh. ii, p. 31, t. 12) has ascertained that the operculum of Gymnostomum pennstum separates entire, the genus Schistostega must l)e again reduced to Gymnostomum, until other distinguishing characters are discovered Its resemblance to Fissvlens consists in the somewhat similar disposition of leaves. in Fissidens, as limited by Bridcl, {.Uuscol. Nov. p. 180) the leaves arc uni- versally described as prrsfnting their margin instead of their disk to '/.he stem, and as having a doubling of the lower half of their inner or upper margin, ex- tending as far as the nerve. On this view Bridel (iu /. cit.) has formed a separate section of the order, consisting of Fissidens and Octodirerns ; and hence also M. de la Pylaie has changed the name of Fissidens to Shifuphyllum. {Journal de Botan. Appliq. iv, p. 133.) It seems to me a much simpler explanation of the apparent anomaly to consider the supposed doubling or division of the leaf as its true disk, and AND BUXBAUMIA. 345 in Anictangium aquaticum is evidently related to Cincli- dotua or Trichostomum. Gymnostomum julaceum and Hedwigia secunda of Hooker resemble certain species of Pterggynandrum, Neckera and Leskea. An unpublished moss {Glgphocarpa capmsia) with a naked peristomium, which I observed on the Table Moun- tain of the Cape of Good Hope has the spherical C576 striated capsule as well as the inflorescence and ramification of JBartramia: and with this genus also Anictangium Hmnholdtii agrees in its capsule, though its habit is that of Leakea or Hypnum. Brepanophylliim of Richard {Dicranum ? falcifolium of Hooker.) in form and disposition of leaves is related to Fisaidena and Neckera. Calymperea approaches to Orthotrichum, or rather, per- haps, to Schlotheimia or Macromitrium. Lyellia, which belongs to the same division of the arti- ficial system, is evidently allied to Daiosonia and Poly- trichum. And lastly, Leptostomum, the genus more particularly under consideration, appears to me most nearly related to Bryum ; with which indeed its affinity would be completely established, were Hedwig's account of the peristomium of Bryum macrocarpum proved to be correct. To the observations now made on the various affinities of mosses which agree in having a naked peristomium, it may be added, that the genera with a simple peristomium do not form a strictly natural series, several of them being much more nearly related to those in which the peristo- mium is doul)le than to each other. But if the correctness of these statements be admitted, it follows that, in many cases to obtain natural genera in this order either additional sources of distinction must be the deviation from the usual structure as consequently consisting in the greater ''nmpression of the leaf, and in the addition of a dorsal and terminal wing. In support of this view it may be observed, that in the lower leaves of the stem both the additional wings are greatly reduced in size, and in some cases entirely wanting, as they universally arc in the perigonial leaves, which have likewise the more ordinary form, being moderately concave and not even navicular. 346 ON LYELLIA, LEFTOSTOMUM, sought for, or those at present in use more minutely inves- tigated. Of additional characters, which in some cases may be employed with advantage, I shall merely advert to the membranes of the capsule being distinct or contiguous, and to that more intimate imion where there seems to be a single membrane only; to the modifications of internal structure of the inner membrane ; the differences in form and duration of the columella, or even its being entirely wanting in the ripe capsule ; the presence or absence of »77] the annulus; and the insertion, form and relative position of the male flowers, which, though always con- sidered of importance by Hedwig, many of the most dis- tinguished muscologists of the present day entirely exclude from the characters of their genera. With respect to the principal source of generic distinc- tions, the Peristomium, in addition to the circumstances generally attended to, namely, the origin, number, direction, form, and actual division of the teeth, it may be of some importance to ascertain their aestivation, which, though very generally, is not always valvular : and especially to mark the existence or want of the longitudinal stria or semi-pellucid lines ; for these, if they do not prove the compound nature, at least clearly indicate a tendency to division in the teeth where they are found ; division being always in the course of the striae, and in no instance taking place unless where they are present. But in considering them, which I am inclined to do, as proving composition or confluence of the teeth, it would appear that there is a much greater uniformity in the struc- ture of the simple or outer ])eristomium, at least, than is generally admitted; and that the prevailing number of teeth in this series is thirty-two ; though by a coalescence, more or less complete, they are frequently reduced to six- teen, in some cases to eight, and in a few even to four. According to this view, a single longitudinal line in the axis of a tooth indicates the confluence of two teeth ; three equidistant lines, one being central, the coalescence of four ; and seven lines similarly disposed that of eight. AND BUXBAUMIA. 347 Nearly the whole of these moditications exist in that natural subdivision of the order, which may be named Splachnece, consisting of Splachnum, Systylium, Tayloria {Hookeriaoi Schwaegrichen), Splachnum squarrosum of Hooker, and Weissia splachnoides. 678] The number of teeth in Splachnece is thirty-two, which, however, are never entirely distinct and at the same time equidistant, but approximated or united in various degrees in the different genera and species of the section. Thus in Tayloria and Systylium the thirty-two teeth are distinct and disposed in sixteen pairs. In Splachnum rubriim and luteum there are apparently only eight pairs, each tooth, however, having a pellucid and obscurely-perforated axis. In almost all the other genuine species of Splachnum there is the same disposition as in S. rubrum and luteum ; but the pellucid axis of each tooth is less distinct and imperforated. In Splachnum angustatum, and I believe also in a second species nearly related to it, the arrangement is somewhat different \ for the sixteen apparent teeth are approximated, and at the base even united in fours, the pellucid axis of each tooth being still less obvious. Hence these species in their peristomium very nearly approach to Tetraphis, to which they would be absolutely referable were the union complete. In Splachnum squarrosum the apparent number of teeth is eight, without any actual subdivision. But as each tooth has three equidistant pellucid lines, of which the lateral are nearly as distinct as the central, there can be no doubt that the composition is the same here as in the rest of the section.^ ' In a late number of Musci Exoiici, (No. 17, tab. 136,) Splachnum squar- rosum is transferred to Odoblephariim, and, on the authority of M. de Beauvois, is stated to be Octoblepharum serratum of Bridel. Mr. Hooker, however, con- tinues to refer it to this genus, on the supposition of its agreeing with the original species in the form of its calyptra : observing that if this should prove not to be the case, it ought to be separated, under the generic name Orthodon, formerly given to it by its discoverer M. Bory de St. Vincent. The calyptra of O. albidum is represented as distinctly cucullate, both by Swartz (in Obs. Bo(. tab. xi, fig. 1) and M. de Beauvois (in Flore d'Otoare, i, tab. 81). I have also observed it of the same form in specimens from Madagascar. There seems, therefore, no reason to doubt that these two 348 ON l.YEIiLlA, LEPTOSTOMUM, 579] By these lines also S. squarromm is readily distin- guished from Odoblepharum, in which the apparent number of teeth is the same : for in Odoblepharum each tooth has only a single pellucid line ; and hence its affinity to certain species at present referable to Weisaia, with a nearly similar habit and sixteen distinct teeth, whose axis is not perceptibly pellucid. Weissia spladinoides differs from the other Splachnea in having sixteen equidistant teeth ; but as these teeth, accord- ing to the indication of the pellucid axis, are double, the arrangement may be compared with that of Tayloria and Systylium^ in which the separation into thirty-two is com- plete, and the sixteen pairs equidistant. It agrees, however, also in this respect with Grimmia and with several species of Weissia : but in other important characters, as well as in habit, it is evidently related to Splachnum, and offers perhaps one of the best examples of the importance of the male flowers in distinguishing natural genera. Even Tetraphis pelludda may be cited in proof of the same prevailing number in the peristomium ; each of its four teeth, when highly magnified, appearing to have seven longitudinal strise, which, according to this test, would make the real number thirty-two ; a structure contributing to fix the place of Tetraphis in the natural scries between Splach- num and Orthoiridium. 580] Better evidence on the same subject is afforded by Trichostomim, Didymodon, and Leucodon,m all of which the thirty-two teeth are distinct, though approximated in pairs ; by the sixteen bifid teeth of Dicranum and Fissidetis ; and by the like number of teeth with a perforated axis in Tre- matodon, Weissia nuday Bidymodon latifoliiim, and several species of Grimmia. mosses differ materially even in this part of their structure ; and as other differences, of at least equal importance, also exist, both in the peristomium and male flowers, Odoblepharum sei-ratum, whose habit is nearly that of Splach- num, may be distinguished both from that genus and from Octoblepharum by tlio following characters. Orthodon. Fl. Fern, terminalis. Peristomium simplex, octodciilatuin, dente singulo striis iribus longitudiuali- bus instructo (idcoque c quatuor coalitis composito). Culifptra mitriformis ('A-lida, pilosa). Fl. Mas, Icrminalis, discoidcus. AND BUXHAUMIA. 349 In all the genera having ii (loul>le peristominni 1 believe the pelhicid axis more or less manifestly exists ; but in these genera there is a great uniformity in the apparent number of teeth in the outer peristomium ; there being no instance of actual division in this series beyond sixteen, or of a further approximation, unless in Orthotrichmn, in several of whose species the approximation or even union of the double teeth by pairs takes place, while in a few others the sixteen teeth are slightly divided at the apex, and in the whole genus the pellucid axis is remarkably distinct. The only exceptions to tlie actual division into thirty-two, or the structure indicating that number, in the simple peri- stomium of Mosses, occur on the one hand in certain species of Weissia, perhaps in Encalypta and in Octohlepharum, in all of which, I believe, there is a reduction to sixteen -, and on the other in Polytrichum^ where the number is frequently increased, varying in the different species, and chiefly by multiples of sixteen, from thirty-two to eighty. In this genus also, whatever the number may be, the teeth never have a semipellucid, but rather an opake or thickened axis, and no tendency to union or even approximation is observ- able. The constant equidistance of the teeth of Poly- trichum seems to be connected with its peculiar mode of dis- semination ; for as this takes place through the interstices of the teeth, and as complete separation of the seeds seems necessary on account of their extreme minuteness, a reduc- tion in number and consequent increase of size of these apertures would probably, in some degree, prevent dis- [bsi persion, while the unequal distances of the teeth might either produce a deviation from the regular figure, or an early rupture, of the tympanum, which forms an essential part in this economy. BUXBAUMIA. In my former paper^ I have proposed to preserve the genus Buxbaumia, as established by Schmidel ; and in construct- ' [Fo/. J, p. 351.] li 35U ON LWAA.W, LKPTOSTOMUM, ing a character to comprelieud both species, 1 entirely re- jected the outer peristomium of Hedwig ; and having also adopted his opinion respecting the middle peristomium of B. aphylla^ which he has termed corona, and considered as analogous to the annulus in many other mosses, it became unnecessary to advert to this part in defining the genus. Mr. Hooker has since published an excellent analysis of both species, and has followed Ehrhart and Mohr in regard- ing them as forming distinct genera. This determination 1 have now no hesitation in adopting ; for, whatever the nature of Hedwig's corona may be, it affords at least an obvious character, and is connected with other differences of sufficient importance to justify the sepa- ration ; though the two genera must always remain in the same natural section of the order. The observations that follow belong, therefore, solely to Buxbaumia aphjlla. My first remark on this plant rein* s to its peristomium, on the nature of which, as conipa.id with that of other mosses, at least two different opm ons may be formed. According to one of these, the outer peristomium of Hooker may with Hedwig be considered analogous to the fimbria or annulus existing in many other mosses ; and the 8821 principal objection to this view would perhaps be obviated by rejecting the outer peristomium of Hedwig, as I have formerly proposed, and which Mr. Hooker has since done ; as there would then be nothing either in the origin or texture of this part essentially at variance with the supposition ; the principal remaining difference being its greater length ; for the cilia of the peristomium of Buxbaumia may be com- pared with the striae or divisions existing in the annulus, which seem to be equally determinate in number, and in some cases also disposed in a double series. On the second supposition, the peristomium of Bux- haumia originating entirely from the outer membrane, may, though consisting of several and even of dissimilar series, be regarded as analogous to that portion of the pencil of Bawsonia which arises from the same part of the capsule. This analogy is suggested by Mr. Hooker, and is confirmed AND Ul \li.\l!MIA. 351 by a circumstnncc tlint he does not seem to have noticed, namely, that his outer peristoiiiinm, the corona of Hedvvig, consists of a double series of cilia. The number of cilia in each series exceeds sixteen, but hardly amounts to thirty- two ; it prol)ably, however, corresponds with that of the plicae in the membranaceous peristomium. We have here then a passn^e from a number still perhaps definite, though disposed in a tri|)ic series, to the mdefinite number peculiar to, and so striking in, Daiosoiiia. My second observation relates to the inner membrane of the capsule, of which I find the mouth to be quite entire and open, though before the separation of the operculum it is closed by the terminating process of the columella. Hence Bnxhaumia has some resemblance to Polytrichum, find a still greater to Li/ellia, in this part of its structure. BUiXbaumia aphylla is the only moss considered as being entirely destitute of leaves ; and though it has been oftener and more fully described than any other plant of the [bss order, from the monographs of Liuna^.us and Schmidel to the excellent illustration recently published by Mi'. Hooker, there is no difference of opinion on this point. T have lately ascertained, however, that Buxhuumia aphylla is always furnished with perfect leaves, which more nearly resemble, both in texture and division, those of a Jungerrnannia than of any species of moss pro[)erly so called ; and consequently are widely different from those of Polytricho'idece, to which this genus is in several respects related. The leaves in the barren plant, where I first observed, them, are lanceolate and but slightly divided. Those at the base of the female perichsetium are even broader than the former, but more deeply cut, both laterally and at top, into several capillary segments; while the leaves which proceed from the surface of the perichsetium are still more deeply divided, and their segments so much elongated that the minute foliaceous base has been universally overlooked, and the perichsetium consequently described as covered with hairs. ni REMARKS ON Tua STRUCTURE AND AFFINITIES OF CEPHALOTUS. UT ROBERT BROWN, Esq., F.R.S., &c. T Extracted from the 'London and Edinburgh PhiloaophioalMagazine,* Vol. I, pp. 314—317.] LONDON. 1832. 88 It' t mmmmmmmmm ON THL: STUUCTITRK AND AFFINITIES 3U or CEPHALOTUS. In the Botanical appendix of r'aptain Flinders's Voyage to Terra Australis/ a figure and description of Cephalotm foUicularis are given, in some respects more complete than those of M. Labillardi^re, by whom this remarkable plant, a native of the south-west coast of New Holland, was first published. Both accounts, however, are equally imperfect with regard to the fruit ; and my principal object in the present communication is to supply that deficiency. My earliest knowledge of the ripe fruit of Cephalotus was obtained from a single specimen, sent in 1815 by M.Pis Leschenault, who had found the plant in February 1803 near the shores of King George's Sound, where I had gathered it in a less advanced state in the beginning of January 1802. I have, however, more recently, received numerous speci- mens with ripe seeds from Mr. William Baxter, who col- lected them also at King George's Sound in 1829. Cephalotus was introduced in 1823 from the same place by Capt. King, into His Majesty's Botanic Garden at Kew, where it flowered repeatedly, and ripened seeds from which several plants have been raised. A figure of one of these with expanded flowers, but still without fruit, has lately been published by Dr. Hooker in the Botanical Magazine ; and a plant brought also from King George's Sound in 1829 by Mr. William Baxter is now in flower in Mr. Knight's nursery. The following account of the ripe fruit will serve as a 356 ON THE STRUCTURE AND > it supplement to the description of the plant which I have given in the work referred to. Akenia membranacea, insecta parva alis conniventibus quodammodo referentia, perianthio parum aucto staniini- busque persistentibus cincta, iisque sesquilongiora, fere distincta, ipsa basi, ubi receptaculo communi inserta, post separationeni intiis aperta ibique e niembrana simplici crassiuscula imuerbi nitente forinata ; supra clausa et e duplici membraiiu conflata ; harum exterior dense barbata, pilis longis, strictis, acutis, deflexis, stylo persistenti brevi arete reflexo rostrata : membrana seu lamella interior tenuis, intils quandoque dehiscens. Semen unicum (rarissime duo), basi cavitatis membranse interioris insertura, oblongo-ovale, teres, funiculo umbilicali brevi juxta basin affixum. Integumentum duplex: Testa membranacea laxiuscula, raphe tenui laterali et apice chalaza parva insignita : Membrana interior tenuis separabilis. Albu- men semini conforme, album, carnosum, subfriabile, e materia oleosa cum granulis minutis mixta constans. Embryo parvus, in basi axeos albuminis, teretiusculus, albus, rectus, albumine 4 — 5ies brevior. Cotyledones breves, plano-convexse. Badicula teres, basin serainis attingens. Reckptaculum commune fructus : tuberculum centrale, parvum, brevissimum, subcylindraceum, cujus lateribus bases apertse akeniorum adnatae sunt, apice convexiusculo barbato. From this description, especially of the embryo, it is evident that Cephalotus must be removed from Rosaceae, to which it had been referred by M. Labillardiere ; and also, though not with much confidence, in the account which I published in 1814. M. de Jussieu, indeed, in 1818, 816] proposed to exclude it from Rosaceae and append it to Crassulaceae ; and the structure of the seed, as well as of the folliculi or akenia, and even their insertion on the minute central receptacle or axis, may seem to confirm the correct- ness of this approximation. Cephalotus, however, still appears to me sufficiently remote from every natural order at present established, to entitle it AFFINITIES OF CEPHALOTUS. 357 (like Philydrum^ and Brunonia'^), now that its structure is completely known, to rank as a distinct family which may be called CEPHALOTE.f:, and which may be placed between Crassulacese and Francoaceee ; differing from both in being apetalous, in the valvate aestivation of the perianth ium, and in many characters of inferior importance : from Cras- sulaceae also in its minute embryo and more copious albumen : and from Francoaceaj in the absence of barren stamina and in the pistilla being monospermous and appa- rently distinct. The most striking peculiarity of Cephalotus consists in the conversion of a portion of its radical leaves into Ascidia or pitchers. But as ascidia in all cases are manifestly formed from or belong to leaves, and as the various parts of the flower in Pha3nogamous plants are now generally regarded as modifications of the same organs, the question is naturally suggested, how far the form and arrangement of the parts of fructification agree in those plants whose leaves are capable of producing ascidia or pitchers. The four principal, and indeed the only genera in which pitchers occur, are Ne- penthes, Cephalotus, Sarracenia, and Dischidia, and the few other somewhat analogous cases, consisting of the conversion of bracteae or floral leaves into open cuculli, are found in Marcgravia and two other genera of the same natural family. The only thing common to all these plants is, that they are Dicotyledonous. It may also be remarked, that in those genera in which the Ascidia have an operculum, namely Nepenthes, Cepha- lotus, and Sarracenia, they exist in every known species of each genus, and the structure of these genera is so peculiar that they form three distinct natural families ; while in Dischidia, whose pitchers are formed without opercula, these organs are neither found in every species of the genus, nor in any other genus of the extensive natural order to which it belongs. The striking resemblance in most points of the Ascidia of ' riinders's Vojage, vol. ii, p. 578 [vol. i, p. 53]. " Transact. Linn. Soc. vol. xii, p. 132 [ante, p. 310]. r Miin mOTI 358 ON THR STRTJUTURK AND I'l Cephalotus to those of Nepenthes, leads to a comparison in the first place of these two genera. But although both are apetalous, and in the parts of the flower deviate from the quinary or prevailing numter in Dicotyledones, yet they 8"] differ in so many other important characters that they cannot be considered as nearly related. The place of Nepenthes in the natural series I have long since^, in my account of Rafflesia, suggested to be near Aristolochiae or Asarinae, without, however, intending to include it in that family. This approximation was adopted by M. Ad. Brongniart, who, however, went further, having absolutely referred Nepenthes to Cytineae. The union of plants so utterly unlike in appearance and oeconomy, and so different, it may be added, in many of their most important characters, seems to have been generally regarded as somewhat paradoxical j and accord- ingly Professor Link, in 1829, has established Nepenthes as a section or tribe of Aristolochiae, and Dr. Bartling and Mr. Lindley, in 1830, have considered it as forming a distinct natural family. To the numerous and obvious distinctions between Cy- tinese and Nepenthes may be added the no less important differences in their internal structure. For while Cytineae, like most, perhaps all, other plants parasitical on roots, are destitute of spiral vessels. Nepenthes exhibits these vessels in the greatest degree of development and abundance, and also produces them in parts in which they are hardly to be met with in any other dicotyledonous plant. Thus, in addition to the dense circle or stratum of spiral vessels existing in the stem between the outer parenchyma and the wood, they are foimd also singly or scattered in the pith, in the loose parenchyma situated between the wood and the bark, if it may be so called, even in the fibres of the root, and everywhere in the substance of the leaves, the pitchers, calyx and capsules. And between these solitary or scattered spiral vessels, which are often of considerable ' Transact. Linn. Soc. vol. xiii, p. 219 [vol. i, p. 386]. AFFINITIES OF CEPHAL0TU8. 359 length, and those forming the stratum or circle externally bounding the wood and existing in the veins of the leaves, no essential difference in structure will I believe be found. In these points there is little resemblance between Nepenthes and Cephalotus, in the internal structure of which last there is nothing unusual. Between the parts of fructification of Nepenthes or Cephalotus and Sarracenia, there is still less analogy, and it is obviously unnecessary to compare in this respect any of these genera with Dischidia. September ?5lh, 1832. ^■^ t ' CHARACTERS AND DESCRIPTION OF LIMNANTHES, A NEW GENUS OF PLANTS ATXIED TO FLOERKEA. BY ROBERT BROWN, Esq., V.P.L.S. (Read at the Likwean Societt, Juke 18th, 1833.) LONDON. 1833. mmmmmmmmm i\ I rilARACTERS AND DESCRTPTTON OF LIMNANTHES. A PAPER wtiH read, entitled " Characters nii(| Oesfriptioii of Limnunllicfi, H /jew genus of [)l(int« allied to Pluerkea," by Bobert Brown, \^m\., VP.Ii S. For speeirnens of the {)la/it (lesrribed the writfr \n indebted to the Horticultural 8o^"iety, and to Mr. David 0//iiglaa, F.L.S., by whom it was rece/jfly discovered in ('alifornia. Mr. Brown was led more particularly to exa/nine Liin- natithea, from its resemblance to F/oerkea of Wilidcnow, a genus which he had many years since investigated without being able to determine its place in the natural system. Examination proved these two plants to be so nearly akin, that they might perhaps be included in the same genus. They are here, however, separated, and the two genera are considered as forming a family distinct from all those at present known. The place of this new family (Limnanthej;) is not absolutely determined ; but it is suggested that in two remarkable points of its structure, namely, the presence of glands subtending the alternate filaments, and the existence of a gynobase, it more nearly approaches to Hypogynous families than to Perigynous, with which it has hitherto been associated. The. following are the characters of the Natural Order, and of the two Genera forming it. 864 CHARACTERS AND DESCRIPTION OF LIMNANTHES. LiMNANTHEiB. Ho8 completus, regularis. Calyx 3 — 5-partitiis, aestiva- tionevalvata.persistens. PeialaS — 5,marcescentia. Stamina 6 — 10, insertione ambigufi, (hypo-perigyna), marcescentia. Filamenta distincta, 3 — 5 sepalis opposita basi extus glan- dule munita. Ovaria 2 — 5, sepalis opposita, cum stylo com- muni 2 — 5-fido mediante gynobasi connexa, monosperma ; ovulo erecto, nucleo inverso. Achenia subcarnosa. Semen exalbuminosum. Embryo rectus ; radicula infcra. Herbae (Americae septentrionalis, paludosae) ylaberrimiB, alterni/olia, exstipulata, foliia divisis, pedunculia unifloris^ ebracteatisy apice dilatato basin turbinatam calycia aimulante. Limnanthes. Calyx 5-partitus. Fetala 5, calyce longiora, aestivatione contorts,. Stamina 10. Ovaria 5. Herba (Limnanthes Douglasii, Americae occidentali- borealis) foliis bipinnatijidis, pinnis suboppositia seymentis alternis. Floerkea. WiM Calyx 3-partitu8. Petala 3, calyce breviora. Stamina 6. Ovaria 2 (raro 3). Herba (Americae orientali-borealis) foliis pinnatifidis, seymentis indivisis. PART IV. CONTRIBUTIONS TO SYSTEMATIC WORKS. CT-«wife.A---'-'':>-"«^'-—-' ■ ^.z-'- >-ivr-'i'c::;^«-:.-::i*v---*^r.Tf^r^r:;r;^^;:^'*''^=^*^' "' IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I l^ ]2.8 ^ m " hA lilllP. m 1.8 1 1.25 1.4 1.6 = ^ ^ < 6" ► V] <^ /2 e^. % ^iS > ?> 7: '^ > /A '^i Photographic Sdences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. MS80 (716) 872-4503 •NJ \ Wo, \\ iV ^ ^ ■HH* GENERA ET SPECIES PLANTARUM CRUCIPEKARUM, NECNON GENERIS CLEOME, QUJB IN HORTO KEWENSI COLUNTUR. \ Extracted fram ' Hortus Kewensis,^ 2nd Edition, Vol. IV, pp. 71—130.] LONDON. 1812. 9B I TETEADYNAMIA. [Tl SILICULOSA. CAKILE. G(srtn. sem. 2, jy. 291. Silicula biariiculata, articulis monospermis : superioris semine erecto sessili; inferioris (quandoque abortientis) pendulo. 1. C. maritima, articulis ancipitibus : superiore sagittate, foliis pinnatifidis subdentatis carnosis. Cakile maritima. Willden. sp.pl. S, p. 416. Bunias Cakile. Un^. dot. 281. JVaL of Britain. © . 2. C. perennis, articulo superiore ovali ancipiti stylo longiore, foliis laciniato-pinnatifidis dentatis acutis. Myagrum perenne. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 406. Jacqu. austr. 5, j». 7, t. 414. Nat. of Germany. 1/ . 3. C. rugosa, articulo superiore subgloboso rugoso stylo breviore, foliis obtusis dentatis ; radicalibus sublyratis. Myagrum rugosum, Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 406. Rapistrum rugosum. Allion. pedem. I, p. 257, t. 78. Nat. of the South of Europe. © . CRAMBE. Gen.pl. 1071. m Silicula articulo superiore subgloboso, semine inverso 24 ' ^ f r 370 CHUCIFEll^ HOllTl KEWKNSIS. fimiculo basi lociili inserto ; articulo inferiore aborticnte pedicelliformi. 1. C. maritima, filamentis longioribus bifurcis, silicula mutica, foliis subiotundis sinuatis undulatis dentatis glaucis cauleqiie glabris. Crambe maritima. Willden. sp. pL 3, jo. 418. Engl, bot 924. Nat. of Britain. % . 2. C. pinnatijida, filamentis longioribus bifurcis, silicula mutica, foliis pinnatifidis : lobis oblongis dentatis cauleque glabris. Crambe orientalis. Jacqu. ic. 1, t. 128. Crambe suecica. Mill. diet. Nat. of Siberia. 1/ . 3. C. orientalis, filamentis longioribus bifurcis, silicula mutica, foliis sinuato-pinnatifidis dentatis scabris, caule glabro. Crambe orientalis. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 418. Nat. of the Levant. 1/ . 4. C. tatarica, filamentis longioribus bifurcis, silicula mutica, foliis radicalibus decompositis : pinnulis dentato- incisis ; adultis cauleque glabriusculis. 73] Crambe tatarica. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 418. Jacqu. ic. 1, t. 129. Nat. of Hungary and Siberia. % . 5. C. hispanica, filamentis longioribus bifurcis, silicula nmtica, foliis pinnato-lyratis scabris : foliolo terminali reni- fornii obtuso. Crambe hispanica. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 419. Schhuhr handh. 2, p. 292, t. 1 89. Nat. of Spain. O . 6. C./ruficosa,fihmenth longioribus bifurcis, silicula stylo mucronata, foliis lyrato-pinnatifidis dentatis canis, caule fruticoso. _,, ■^'xm^'i CRUCIFKlliE HORTI KEVVENSI8. 371 Crambe fruticosa. Willdeti. sp.pl. 3, p. 420. Nat. of Madeira. Mr. Fr. Maason. h . 7. C. strigosa, filamentis simplicibus, silicula stylo mii- cronata, foliis ovatis dentatis basi inaequalibus subauriculatis cauleque fruticoso hispidis. Crambe strigosa. Wlllden. sp. pi. 3, p. 420. Myagrimi arboresceiis. Jacqu. ic. 1, t. 120. Nat. of the Canary Islands. Mr. Fr. Maason. ^i . 8. Cjiliformis, filamentis simplicibus, silicula mutica a pedicello longiore solubili, foliis lyratis pilosis. Crambe filiformis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 419. Jacqu. ic. 3, t. 504. Nat. of Patagonia. 1/ . vi\ MYAGRUM. Tournef. inst. 211. Silicula monosperma evalvis absque suturarum vestigio (quandoque loculis spuriis lateralibus). Semen pendulum. 1. M.. perfoliatum, siliculis obcordatis : loculis duobus spuriis, foliis araplexicaulibus. Myagrum perfoliatum. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 407. Schkuhr handb. %p. 210, /. 178. Nat. of France and Switzerland. O . EUCLIDIUM. Silicula ventricosa bilocularis, suturis manifestis valvarum non dehiscentiuni, loculis 1-spermis. Cotyledones planae. 1. E. syriacum, siliculis scabris: stylo subulato persistenti, foliis lanceolatis petiolatis. Bunias syriaca. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 413. Anastatica syriaca. Jacq^i. austr. \yp. 7, AG. Nat. of Austria and the Levant. © . 372 CHUCIFEllJi IIORTI KEWENSIS. RAPISTRUM. Gartn. sem. 2,jo. 285. Silicula bilocularis non dehiscens nee suturarumvestigio. Cotyledones planse. Calyx patens. L. R. ag>/ptiacum,^\)i\Q,vX\'& angulatis verrucoso-rauricatis, loliis riincinatis. Biinias aegyptiaca. Willdtn. sp. pi. 3, p. 414. Jacqu. horl. vindoh. 2, p. 68, t. 145. 75] JVat. of Egypt and Greece. © . 2. R. paniculatmn, siliculis orbiculatis rugosiusculis, foliis lanceolatis subdentatis sagittatis amplexicaulibus. Myagruin paniculatum. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 409. Fl. dan. 304. Nat. of Europe, o . BUNIAS. Gen. pi. 1070. Silicula nucamentacea evalvis. Cotyledones spirales lineares. Germen biloculare, loculis 1-2 spermis. 1. B. Erucayo, siliculis tetragonis 4-locularibus : an- gulis subdentatis. Bunias Erucago. Willden. sp.pl. S, p. 411. Jacqu. austr. 4, p. 21, t. 340. Nat. of Austria and the South of France. © . 2. B. orientalis, siliculis ovatis gibbis subverrucosis, 1-2-locularibus. Bunias orientalis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 412. Houtt. nat. hist. 9, tab. 60,/. 2. Nat. of the Levant. 1/ . " 7ej CORONOPUS. Gartn. sem. 2, p. 293. Smith Jl. brit. 2, p, 690. "W CRUCIFER/f; HORTI KKWKNST«. 37.1 Silicula didyiim cvalvis tiptera, lociilis 1-spermis. Co- tyledoties incnmbentes, lineares. 1. C. Muellii, siliculis intcgris cristato-muricntis. Coronopus Ruellii. Smith Jl. hrit. 2, p. 090. Engl. hot. IGGO. Cochlearia Coronopus. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 450. Nat. of Britain. ©. 2. C. dldynm, siliculis emarginatis didymis rugosis, foliis pinnatifidis : laciniis lineari-lanceolatis indivisis in- cisisve. Coronopus didyraa. Smith fl. brit. 2, jO. 691. Lepidiuni didymum. Willden. sp. pi. 'd, p. ^Z^. Enyl. hot. 248. Nat. of England. © . BISCUTELLA. Gen.pl. 1084. Silicula didyma, segmentis evalvibus foliaceo-compressis monospermis. Radicula descendens ! Cotyledones accum- bentes inversae. 1. B. auricuJata, calycibus bisaccatis, siliculae segmentis in stylum coeuntibus. Biscutella auriculata. Willden. sp. pi- 3, p. 472. Schkuhr handh. 2, jo. 237, t. 182. Nat. of France and Italy. © . 2. B. apula^ siliculis scabris, foliis cuneato-lanceolatis serrato-dentatis hirsutis. Biscutella apula. Willden. sp.pl. 3, jy. 473. londraba alyssoides apula spicata. Column, ecphr. 1, [77 p. 283, t. 285,/. 1. Nat. of Italy. © . 3. B. cor onopi folia, siliculis glabris laevibus, foliis pinna- tifido-dentatis hirtis. 1 1 ,1 MWI V^PVHt^V^VDI^ ; 374 CRUCIFKR.f: HORTI KEWENSIS. Biscutelln coronopifolia. Linn. manf. 255. Decand. in annates du museum, 18, /;. 300, A 14. Nat. of Spain and Italy. © . 4. B. Icevigatay siliculis glabris, foliis lanceolatis serrato- deii talis. Biscutella liEvigata. Willden. sp. pi. ^, p.^1^. Jacqu. austr. 4>,p. 20, t. 339. Nat. of Austria and Italy. 1/ . 5. B. sempervirens, siliculis scabriusculis, foliis dcntatis tomentosis nioUibus. Biscutella sempervirens. Willdcn. sp.pl. S,p. 475. Nat. of Spain. 1/ . PELTARIA. Gen.pL 1083. Silicula orbiculata evalvis plana. Gcrmen 2-3-spermum. Filamenta edentula. Cotyledones accumbentes. 1. P. alliacea, foliis amplexicaulibus oblongis indivisis. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 471. Jacqu. austr. 2, p. 14, /. 123. 78] Nat. of Austria. 7/ . CLYPEOLA. Gen. pi. 1082. Silicula evalvis subrotunda plana. Germen monosper- mum. Filamenta dentata. 1. C. lontJdaspi, foliis integerrimis tomentosis, calycibus persistentibus, siliculis pubescentibus. Clypeola lonthlaspi. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 471. Ca- vanill. ic. I, p. 22, t. 34,/. 2. Nat. of France and Italy. © . (•|UJOIFF,K;F, IIORTI KKWKN8I8. n/Q ISATTS. Gon.pl 1072. Silicula nnilocularis moiiospernin : vnlvia iinviculnribiis tardius deliiscciitilms. Tlhmouta edciitula, distiiirtft. 1. I. finctoria, siliculis obovato-ohlongis glaln'is, foliis caulinis sagittatis glabris. Isatis tiiictoria. Willdcn. sp. pi. ',i,p. 420. J'j//j/l. hot. 97. Svensk hot. 35. Nat. of England. $ . 2. I. alpppica, siliculis lineari-oblongis ])ul)oscentibiis ciliatis. Isatis lusitanica. Linn, sp, pi. 936. Isatis aleppica. Scop, insnb. 2, p. 31, /. 16. Isatis orientalis. JFillden. enum. 663. Nat. of the Levant. © . SUCCOWIA. Moench method. 265. [70 Silicula subglobosa stylo siibulato cuspidata, valvis heniisphsericis echinatis : loculis nionosperniis. Coti/h'- dones conduplicatae. 1 . SuccowiA balearica. Bunias balearica. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 415. hort. vindob. 2, p. 68, /. 144. Nat. of Minorca, © . Jncqu. i VELLA. Gen.pl. 1073. Silicula ventricosa; stylo foliaceo ovate. Cotyledoncs conduplicatse. Calyx clausus. 1. V. annua, foliis pinnatifidis, siliculis pendulis. Will- den. sp.pl. 3,jo. 422. E7iyl. bot. 1442. Nat. of England. © . H -w«|f»«"»«»T' ^ iHiiiif i,aiii ^ipi ^.|«|iii^ip|||im 370 CaUCIPKRyE IIORTI KKWKNSIS. 2. V. Pucuiio-Cf/fisuff, foliis iiitegri? ohovatis ciliatis, siliculis erectis. Willden. .sp. pi. 3, jw. 422. Cnvanill. ic. \,p. 32, /. 42. Nai. of Spain. »? . ANASTATICA. Gen. pi. 1074. Silicula vcntricosa ; valvulis juxta apicem auricula aiictis. Cotyhdones planac. 1. Anastatica hicrochunflca. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 423. Jacq/(. /fori, vindoh. 1, p. 23, t. 58. iVfir/. of the Levant. X . *)] .^THIONEMA. Silicula vaivis navicularibus alatis (quandoque non de- hiscentibus). Filavienta lonyiora vel connata vel juxta apif^em denticulata. Calyx insertione ina^qualis. 1. M. saxatile, filamentis longioribus distinctis, foliis oblongis basi attenuatis. Thlaspi saxatile. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 444. Jacqu. austr. 3, jo. 21, t. 236. Schkuhr handh. 2, p. 223, t. 180. Nat. of the South of Europe. © . 2. M. monospermmn^ siliculis evalvibus monosperniis, foliis ovalibus obovatisve. Nat. of Spain. $ . THLASPI. Gen.pl. 1078. Silicula compressa emarginata, vaivis navicularibus (saepius alatis), polysperma. Filamenta edentula distincta. Calyx insertione aequalis, patens. I. T. arvense^ siliculis orbiculatis: ala dilatata longitu- dinali, seminibus concentrice striatis, foliis oblongis sagit- tatis dentatis glabris. CIMJriFKR.T; UORTI Kr.U'KNSlS. %n Tlilns|)i nrvcuse. Willdi'ii. .sp. pL '>\, p. 4 1:2. Curtis loud. J'jit/I. hot. 1(150. FL dan. 7y.'3. HvntHk hut. xUl. Nat. of liritain. ©. 2. T. allinccinii, siliciilis siihrotundis voiitricosis : nlfi nngustata dcorsim ohsoletii, t'oliis ()l)longis obtiisis acute m sa r\ i . Lepidium glastifolium perenne. Moris. /list. 2, p. S12, s. 3, t. 21,/. 3. Nat. of Germany, c? . 5. C. saxatilis, siliculis lentiformibus laevibus, foliis radicalibus oblongis dentatis pilosis. Myagrum saxatile. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 409. Jacqu. austr. 2, p. 17, t. 128. Nat. of Austria and Switzerland. % . 6. C. Armoracia, siliculis oblongis ; stigmate dilatato subsessili, foliis radicalibus oblongis crenatis ; caulinis elon- gato-lanceolatis dentatis incisisve. Cochlearia Armoracia. Willden. sp. pi. p. 461, EngL hot. 2223. Schkuhr handh. 2, p. 229, ^.181. Nat. of England. 1/ . SUBULARIA. Gen.pl. 1075. Silicula ovalis - mutica poly sperm a : valvis ventricosis. Cotyledones incumbentes lineares bicrures. 1. SuBULARiA aquatica. Subularia aquatica. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p, 423. EngL hot. 732. Nat. of liritain. © . \\\ DRABA. Gen.pl 1076. Silicula Integra ovalis: valvis planis v. con\. xiusculis; loculis polyspermis. Semina immarginata : cotyledonibus accumbentibus. Filamenta edentula. 1. D. verna, scapis nudis, petalis bipartitis, foliis lanceo- latis subincisis hirtis. Smithjl.brit. 2,p. Qll . Engl. hot. 586. Curtis lond. Fl dan. 983. Nat. of Britain. 0 . 2. D. rupestris, scapis nudis monophyllisve ; petalis ■ .-"•=^~i-^-;'M"''^-'-?r-'-'-i^/v" -'•"■■■- •-■."■^J5E?J=V-—-^^ »>•«-»" '■) «■■.'»■. CllUClPERyE HORTI KEWEN8IS. 88n indivisis, siliculis lanreolatis pubescentibus, foliis planis lanceolatis pilosis. Draba hirta. Smith fl. hrit. 2, p. 677 (excluso synonymo Liiinaei et Florae danica)). Enyl. bot. 1338. Nat. of Scotland. 1/ . 3. D. incana, foliis caulinis numerosis incaiiis subdentatis, siliculis oblongis glabris contortis. Uraba incana. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 430. Enyl. bot. 388. Nat. of Britain. S • c»2 4. D. muralis, caule ramoso, foliis ovatis amplexicaulibus dentatis, siliculis patentibus glabris. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 429. Eni/l. bot. 912. Scop, insubr.fasc. 2, t. 15. Nat. of England. 0 . 5. D. nenioi'alis yC,m[G ramoso, foliis ovatis amplexicaulibus dentatis, siliculis patentibus pubescentibus. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 429. Nat. of Europe. © . 6. D. aizoides, scapis nudJs glabris, foliis lanceolato- linearibus rigidis carinatis ciliatis, staminibus petala aequan- tibus, stylo longitudine dimidii germinis. Draba aizoides. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 424 (exclusis synonymis Milleri et Curtisii). Ent^l. bot. 1271. Nat. of Wales. % . 7. D. ciliaris, scapis nudis glabris, foliis elongato- linearibus ciliatis, staminibus calycem vix aequantibus. Draba ciliaris. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 425. Draba aizoides. Curtis magaz. 170. Alyssum alpinura hirsutum luteuni. Mill. ic. I, p. 14, t. 20,/. 2. Nat. of Switzerland. 1/ . 26 I 't :'i 886 vn cruciferj: horti kevvensis. PETllOCALLIS. Silicula Integra ovalis : valvis planiusculis ; locuiis di- spermis. Semiria iminarginata : funiculis umbilicalibus dis- sepiniento adnatis ! Filamenta edentula. 1 . Pethocallis pyrenaica. Draba pyrenaica. IFillden. sp. jjI. 3, p. 428. Botan. magaz. 713. Nat. of Austria and the Pyrenees. 1/ . CAMELINA. Crantzaustr.l,p.lS. Silicula subovata polysperma : valvis ventricosis. Coty- ledones incumbentes. Filamenta edentula. 1 . C. sativa, siliculis obovatis marginatis, stigmate sim- plici, foliis lanceolatis sagittatis. Myagriini sativum. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 408. Fl. dan. 1038. Alyssura sativum. Engl. hot. 1254. Nat. of Britain. 0 . 2. C. austriaca, siliculis subrotundis immarginatis, stig- mate capitate, foliis oblongis sagittatis dentatis glabris. Alyssura austriacum. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 408. Jacq. austr. 2, p. 7, t. 111. Nat. of Austria. © . ALYSSUM. Lamarck iilustr. tab. 559. Silicula subrotunda : valvis omnino vel limbo planiusculis; locuiis 1 — 4-sperrais. Semina marginata. Cotyledones 94] accumbentes. CRUClFEK-iE HORTI KEWENSI8. 387 * Herhavea. 1. A. calycinum, siliculis emarginatis pubescentibus, calycibus persistentibus, filamentis edentulis : brevioribus stipatis pari setarum. Alyssum calycinum. Willden. sp. pi. '6, p. 464. Alyssum cainpestre. Schki'hr handb. 2, p. 284, t. 181. Nat. of Austria and France. © . 2. A. catHpeatre, siliculis emarginatis pubescentibus stylo 4-plo longioribus, calycibus deciduis, tilamentis omnibus appendiculatis, foliis pedunculisque pube stellata sparsa. Alyssum campestre. Willden. sp. pi. 3, jo. 457. Nat. of France. © . 3. A. montanum, siliculis emarginatis incanis stylo paruni longioribus, calycibus deciduis, filamentis omnibus appen- diculatis, foliis ramisque incanis. Alyssum montanum. TFillden. sp. pi. 3, j». 466. Curtis magaz. 419. Nat. of Germany and Switzerland. X . ** Fru/icosa. 4. A. saocatile, siliculis emarginatis glabris, filamentis longioribus simplicibus, foliis oblongis lanceolatisve repandis tomentosis. Alyssum saxatile. Willden. sp.pl. S, p. 460. Curtis C95 magaz. 159. Nat. of the Island of Candia. h . 5. A. alpestre, siliculis integris, filamentis omnibus ap- pendiculatis, foliis obovatis spathulatisque incanis, caulibus adscendentibus suff'ruticosis. Alyssum alpestre. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 461. Jacqu. collect. 4, p. 227, t. 4,/. 1. Allien, pedem. I, p. 241, t. 18,/. 2. Nat. of Italy, fj . i ! 888 CRUCIFBRiE HORTI KEWENSIS. i! 6. A. spinosum, siliculis integris glabris, filamcntis cden- tulis, ramis floriferis persistentibus spinescentibus, foliis spnthulatis incanis ; pube stellar! miniitissima. Alyssum spinosum. Willden. sp. pi. S, p. 459. Thlaspi spinosum hispanicum. Barrel, ic. 808. Nat. of the Soutli of Europe. ^ . 7. A. maritimum, siliculis integris glabris : loculls inono- sperinis, filanientis edentulis, foliis liueari-lanceoh'tis acutis subincanis ; pilis bipartitis adpressis. Alyssum maritimum. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 459. Ein/l. hot. 1729. Alyssum halimifolium. Zinn.fip.pl.d07. Curtis ma^az. 101. Alyssum minimum. Zinn. sp. pi. 908. Nat. of England. \ . 96] FARSETIA. Silicula ovali.oblonga polysperma sessilis, valvia planis v. convexiusculis (non inflatis). Cotyledones accumbentes. Semina inarginata vel Filamenta quaedam denticulata. * JSemina marginata. Valva planes. 1. F. Cheiranthoides, caulibus fruticosis erectis, foliis linearibus incanis, calycibus clausia. Cheiranthus Farsetia. Willden. sp. pi. ^, p. ^'^Q. Bes- font, atlant. 2, p. 89, t. IGO. Nat. of the Levant. \ . 2. F. limarioides, caulibus suffruticosis adscendentibus, foliis spathulatis petiolatis siliculisque tomentosis incanis. Alyssum lunarioides. Willden. sp.pl. S,p. 461. Lunaria fruticosa perennis incana Leucoii foliis. Tournef. it. I, p. 242, cum tab. Nat. of the Archipelago. % . CRUCIFKft^ noilTI KKWKNSIS. 889 foliis 3. F. clypeata, caulihns lierbaceis erectis, foliis oblongis repnndis. Alyssum clypeaturr,. WiJhkn. sp. pi. 3, p. 408. Alyasuin Dioacoridis. Dod. pempt. 89. Nat. of the South of Europe. O . ** VahiB convexiuscula. Filamcnta breviora denticulata. 4. F. mutabilis, siliculis glabris compressis, seminibus nmrginntis. Alyssum mutabile. Venten. ceh. 85. w Nat. of the Levant. % . B. F. incana, siliculis pubescentibus subventricosis, semi- nibus immarginatis. Alyssum incanura. Willden. sp.pl. S,p. 463. Thlaspi incanura mp.chliniense. Clue. hist. 2, p. 132. Nat. of the North of Europe. S • * * Calj/x basi bisaccatus. Valva convexiusculcB. 6. F. deltoidea, caulibus diflfusis, foliis pilosis. Alyssum deltoideum. Willden. sp.pl. 3, j». 470. Curtis magaz. 126. Nat. of the Levant. 1/ . VESICARIA. T^amarck illustr. tab. 559. Silicula inflata, subglobosa, polysperma. Cotyledones accumbentes. 1. V. utriculata, calycibus bisaccatis, filamentis omnibus edentulis, foliis integerrimis glabriusculis. Alyssum utriculatum. Willden. sp. pi. ^, p. ^IQ. Curtis magaz. 130. Waldst. et Kitaib. hung. 2, p. 215, /. 196. Nat. of the Levant and Hungary. 1/ . 2. V, sinuata, foliis incanis subdentatis, siliculis mem- [98 branaceis glabris stylo cuspidatis. I ! 890 CUUCIFER^ llORTI KEWENSI9. Alyssura sinuntnm. WUldon. sp. pi. 3, p. 4(}8. Eruca peregrina. Clus. hist. 2, p. 134. Naf. of Spain. LUNARIA. Gen. pi. 1085. Silicula elliptica pedicellata polysperma : valvis planis. Seniina marginata. Cotyledonea accumbentes. 1 . L. rediviva, siliculis oblongis utrinque acutis, pedicello germinis stamina breviora superante, dentibus foliorum mucronatis. Lunaria rediviva. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 476. Lnnaria graeca perennis. Besl. eyat. vern. 7,/. 2. Nat. of Austria and Hungary. % . 2. L. annua., siliculis ovalibua utrinque obtusis, stamini- bus brevioribus pedicellum germinis superantibus, dentibus foliorum submuticis. Lunaria annua. Willden. sp. pi. 3, jy. 477. /. Miller illustr. Nat. of Germany. 0 . RICOTIA. Gen.pl. 1086. Silicula oblonga sessilis : valvis planis ; septo obliterate unilocularis. Cotyledones accumbentes obcordatse. 1. RicoTiA (Byyptiaca. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 477. 99] Lunaria foliis supradecompositis: foiiolistrifidis.siliquis oblongis pendulis. Mill. ic. 2, p. 113, t. 169. Nat. of Egypt. 0 . CiPER.f, HORTI KKWKN8I8. 391 • STfJQUOSA. HELIOPIIILA. Gen.pl. 1092. Siliqiia integrn v. monilit'ormis. Cotyledonea inciimbentcs ciirvata? (2-3-cnirus) liiieares. FUamvnta hreviora Ixisi extus (lentata dmn siliqim Integra. 1. H. incnua, j)ui)esccns, foliis spathulatis integemiiiis, siliquis teretiusculis piihcscentibus erectis, caule fruticoso. Heliophila incana. WUlden. sp. pi. 3, p. 527, cxcliiso synonyino Bunuaiini. Nat. of the Ca[)c (jf Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. ^i . 2. W. filiforiiiis, glabra, foliis angusto-linearibus elongatis integerrimis, siliquis terctibus subulatis pendiilis. Pleliophila filiforinis. WUlden. sp.pl. S,p. 529. IVaL of the Cape of Good Hope. © . 3. H. plafj/siliq/ea, glabra, foliis carnosis semiterctibus integerrimis, siliquis piaiio-compressis pendulis, caule suf- fruticoso. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. h ■ 4. W. pilosa, hirsuta: pilis patulis, foliis planis nunc nw li..en.ribus integerrimis nunc divisis subcuneiformibus, sili- quis teretiusculis glabris integerrimis, Heliophila pilosa. Lamarck encycl. 3, p. 90. a intpgrifolia. Heliophila integrifolia. WUlden. sp.pl. 3, /;. 527. Heliophila. Burmann, in nov. act. vpsal, I, p. 91, /. 7. /3 incisa. Heliophila arabioides. Botan. magaz. 496. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. O . 5. H. amplexicaulis, glabra, foliis lineari-lanceolatis am- plexicaulibus integerrimis suboppositis, siliquis monihformi- bus. Ill 392 CRUCIFERiE IIORTI KEWENSIS. ill \ (■ Heliophila amplexicaulis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 528. Nat. of the Ca[)e of Good Hope. 0 . 6. H. fcenicidacea, pilosiuscula, foliis pinnatis bipinnatis- que filiformibus, siliquis linearibus, caule erecto angulnto. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. © . 7. H. pinnata, glabra, foliis pinnatis filiformibus, siliquis toroso-rnoniliformibus pendulis. Hdiophila pinnata. Venten. malmais. 113, exclusis synonymis. Heliophila pendula. Willden. sp.pL S,p. 529. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. © . 'i 1 III It ill 101] CARDAMINE. Ge?i,pl. 1088. Dentaria. Gen.pl. 1087. Siliqua linearis marginibus truncatis : valvis plaiiis enervibus (elasticc ssepius dissilientibus), dissepimento an- gustioribus. 1. C. enneaphylla, caule simplicissimo apice triphyllo, foliis ternatis : foliolis lanceolatis inciso-serratis, staminibus corollam subsequantibus. Dentaria enneaphylla. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 478. Jacqu. aiistr 4, p. 9, t. 316. Nat. of Austria and Italy. S • 2. C. pentaphylla, caule simplicissimo apice triphyllo, foliis quinato-digitatis : foliolis elliptico-lanceolatis inciso-serratis, corolla staminibus duplo longiore. Dentaria pentaphylla. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 480. Dentaria pentaphyllos foliis mollibus. Garid. prov. 152, /. 29. Nat. of Switzerland and the South of France, ll . 3. C. pinnata, caule simplicissimo apice triphyllo, foliis pinnatis : foliolis (5 — 7) elongato-lanceolatis inciso-serratis. t \ CRUCIFER* HORTI KEWENSIS. 393 Dentaria pinnata. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 480. Dentaria heptaphyllos. Garid. prov. 152, /. 28. Nat. of Switzerland and the South of France. "2/ . 4. C. bulbifera, canle siniplicissimo, foliis inferiorihns pinnatis ; superioribus simplicibus. Dentaria bulbifera. Willden. sp. pi. 3, /;. 479. Eng. [102 hot. 309. Select specim. 7. Nat. of England. 1/ . 5. C. asari/olia, foliis simplicibus reniformibus. Cardamine asarifolia. Willden. sp. pi. 3, 482. Nasturtium montanum asari folio. Herm. parad. 203, cum tab. Nat. of Italy. "2/ . 6. C. trifolia, foliis ternatis : foliolis rhombeo-subro- tundis denticulatis, caule subnudo simplici. Cardamine trifolia. Willd. sp. pi. 3, p. 483. Botan. magaz. 452. Nat. of Lapland, Austria and Switzerland. % . 7. C. qfricana, foliis ternatis acuminatis, caule ramosis- simo. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 483. Nasturtium africanum, foliis ternis, facie Christopho- rianse. He'^m. parad. 202, cum. tab. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. X . 8. C. chelidonia, foliis pinnatis : foliolis quinis crenato- incisis : lateralibus ternatis auriculatisve, genuine piloso. Cardamine chelidonia. Willd. sp.pl. S,p. 484. Waldst. et Kitaib. 2,jo. 149, ^.140. Nat. of Italy. 2/ . 9. C. grceca, foliis pinnatis : foliolis ovatis lobatis ;[io3 obtusis. Cardamine graeca. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 484. Sio minimo Prosperi Alpini affinis, siliqnis latis. Boccon. sic. 84, t. 44,/. 2. Nat. of the South of Europe. O . 1 I! > I IV ' I 394 CRUCIFKKiE HORTI KEWENSIS. 10. C. amara, foliis pinnatis : foliolis radicalibiis siib- rotundis ; caulinis dentato-niigiilatis, stylo ohliquo, stigmate acutiiisculo, caule basi radicante. Cardamine amara. WiUden. sp. pi. 3, jO. 488. Curtis lond. ETigl hot. 1000. Nat. of Britain. % . 11. C. latifolia, foliis pinnatis glabris : foliolis (5 — 7) radicalibiis subrotundis ; caulinis ovatis dentato-angulatis, stigraate capitato. Cardamine latifolia. WiUden. sp.pl. S,p. 487. Nasturtium pyrenaicum aquaticum latifolium purpu- rascente flore. Herm. paradis. 203, cum tab. Nat. of Spain. . 12, t. 323. Nat. of Germany and Italy. © . 4, S. orientate ^ foliis runcinatis tomentosis, caule laevi. Willden. sp.pl. 'd,p. 504. Nat. of the Levant. © . 5. S. pannonicum, foliis inferioribus runcinatis dentatis ; :^^'j.'-'j .-IJjaSi^^J.i CRUCIFKR-H IIOUTI KKWKNSI8. 401 superioribus piniiatis : piniiis liiic'nrii)us iutegcmmis, siliquia rectangule patentihus. Illlldai, sp.pl. 3, />. 50:2. Sisymbrium paniionicum. Javqu. ic. 1, t. 123. Nat. of Ilimgary. O . 0. S. austriftcuiji, foliis iiiferioribus Ivrato-sinuatis acute dentatis cauleque glabro, siliquis adscendeutibus. Sisymbrium austiiacum. Jacqu. austr. 3,^j. 35, t. 262. Nat. of Austria. ©. 7. S. sinapoides, foliis glabris : radicalibus runcinatis ; caulinis piunatifidis, siliquis striatis erectis pilosiusculis pedunculo Inxo duplo longioribus. Sinapis pyrenaica. Ullldcn. sp. pi. 3, p. 556. Jacqu. 'hort. vindob. S,p. 50, f. 97. Nat. of the Pyrenees. S • ^^'^ 8. S. altissimum, foliis runcinatis flaccidis : foliolis sub- linearibus integerrimis, pedunculis laxis. IFillden. sp. pi. 3,;;. 601. Erysimum monspessulnnum ; sinapios folio. Walth. hori. 135, /. 22. Nat. of Siberia. © . 9. S. aspemm, siliquis scabris, foliis pinnatifidis glabris: laciniis linearibus subdentatis. Sisymbrium asperum. IFillden. sp. pi. S, p. 499. Sinapi monspessulanum, siliqua aspera hirsuta. Bauh. hist. %p. 858. Nat. of the South of Fiance. 0 . 10. S. 5«/?z/rMw/, siliquis axillaribus subsessilibus solitariis, foliis sinuato-pinnatifidis, caule retrorsum pnbescente. Sisymbrium supinum. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 494. Eruca supina alba, siliqua singulari e foliorum alis erum- pente. Isnard in act. paris. 1724, />. 205, t. 18. Nat. of the South of Europe. 0 . 11. ^. polyceralium, siliquis axillaribus aggregatis subu- latis subsessilibus, foliis runcinatosinuatis dentatis acutis. 26 f-t nj 1 402 CRUCIPERj; IIORTI KKV'KNSIS. lit] Sisymbrium polyceratium. Willden. ap. pi. 3, p. 494. Jacqu. hort. vindob. 1, p. 34, /. 79. Nat. of France and Italy. © . 12. S. tanncetifoliuitf, foliis pimiatis : foliolis lanceolatia incisis : extimis conflucntibiis, pctalis oalyce majoribiis. Sisymbrium tanacetifolium. iFillden. sp. pi. S, p. 492. Eruca tiinaceti foliis. Zanoti. hist. 103, t. 72. Nat. of Italy. 1/ . 13. S. Sophia, foliis decomposito-pinnatis : pinnulis linearibus : terminali longiore, petalis calyce minoribus. Sisymbrium Sophia. IFillden. sp. pi. 3, p. 500. Un^l. dot, 963. Sve?ish' hot. 203. Nat. of Britain. 0 . 14. S. millefolium, foliis supradecompositis tomentosis incanis, petalis calyce majoribus. Sisymbrium millefolium. IFillden. sp. pi. 3, p. 500.. Sinapis millefolia. Jacqu. ic. 1, t. 127. Nat. of the Canary Islands. Mr. Fr. Masson. ^ . 15. S. strictissimum, foliis lanceolatis petiolatis dentatis pubescentibus, siliquis linearibus. 115] Sisymbrium strictissimum. JFillden. sp. pi. 3, j). 50G. Jacqu. austr. 2, p. 56, t. 194. Nat. of Switzerland and Italy. 1/ . ERYSIMUM. Gen.pl. 1090. Siliqua tetragona. Semina imraarginata. Cotyledones incumbentes. Stigma capitatum, nunc eraarginatum lobulis patentibus. Calyce clausus. 1. E. cheiranthoides, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis nunc paucidentatis : pilis stellato-tripartitis, siliquis ercctiusculis : pedunculis patulis ; stigmate indiviso subsessili. CRUCIPKRTE IIORTI KF.WENSIS. 408 Eryaimuni cheirantlioides. tnildan. up. pi. U, /;. 311. En^l. hot. 942. Nat. of Britniii. 0. 2. E. rcpmiduiif, foliis Inuccolntis repando-doiitatis : ))ilis bipartitis, siliquis patulis torulosis ; sti}^inatc cniarginnto. lilrysimuui repaiuliiiii. WiUdvn.sp. pi Z, p. 510. Javqu. austr. \, p. 10, t. 22. Nat. of Spain and Austria. 0 . 3. E. diffusum, foliis lanceolato-linearibus integerriniis v. paucidentatis ; pilis bipartitis, unguibus calycc longioribus; laminis obovato-oblongis, siliquis erectiusciilis elongatis ; stignmte bilobo ; stylo brevissinio. Cheiranthus alpinus. Linn. mant. 93. Jncqu. austr. 1, ;;. 48, t. 75. Erysimum difFusum. Willden. sp. ph 3,/;. 512. nifl Nat, of the South of Europe. X . 4. E. anffusfifolium, foliis lineari-lanceolatis integris, siliquis erectia brevissimc pedunculatis stylo duplo longi- oribus. Erysimum an gust i folium, inilden. sp. pi. 3, /;. 513. IFaldst. et Kitaib. hum/. I, p. 101, /. 98. Nat. of Hungary. O . 5. E. sessiliJlo7'uiii, foliis linearibus integerrimis, siliquis sessilibus stylo paulo longioribus. Cheiranthus quadrangulus. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 525. rHerif. stirp. 1,^;. 91, /. 44. Nat. of Siberia. % . 6. E. lanceolatitvi, foliis lanceolatis : inferioribus dentatis, unguibus calyce longioribus ; laminis orbiculato-obovatis, stigmate sessili. Cheiranthus erysimoides. Willden. sp. pi. 3, /;. 514. Jacqu. austr. \,p. 48, t. 74. Nat. of the South of Europe. S • 7. E. lielveticum, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis: pilis I I 404 CRUriKKIiyK IIORTI KKWKN8IS pleriscjuc bipartitis, siliquis rrectiusculis ; Htignmte pedi- cellato (Miiarginnto. Chcirauthus liclveticiis. Hllldcn. Bi}.pl' 3, jo. 515. Jacqu. horf. vwdob. 3, p. 9, /. 9. 117] Nut. of Switzerland, c? . 8. E. odorntum, foliis lanceolntis dcntatia: pube tripartita, laiuinis orbiculato-obovatis, siliquis crectis, stigmate i)ilobo. Erysimum odoratum. Willikn. ajj. pi. S,jj. 512. Erysimum liieracifolium. Jacqu. austr. \,p. 47, t. 73. Nat. of Austria. ©. 9. E. Alliaria, foliis cordatis petiolatis dentato-incisis. Erysimum Aliiaria. Wi/lden. sp. pi. 3, p. 510, Curtis land. Enyl hot, 790. FL dan. 935. Svemk hot. 208. Nat. of Britain. 1/ . glabri s; 10. E. orientalc, foliis cordatis amplexicaulibus radicalibus soabris integerrimis. Brassica orientalis. Willden. ap. pi. 3, /;. 545. E»(/l. hot. 1804. Nat. of England. © . I \1 NOTOCERAS. Siliqua valvis apice cornigeris. Cotyledones accumbentes. Stigma capitatum. Calyx erectiusculus basi aequalis. 1. N. ca.tariensis, siliquis tetragonis bicornibus. Erysimum bicorne. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 514. 118] Nat. of the Canary Islands. Mr. Fr. Masson. O . CHEIRANTHUS. Gen.pl. 1091. Siliqua compressa v. anceps. Cotyledones accumbentes. Calyx clausus, foliolis oppositis basi saccatis. Stigma stylo insidens, bilobum, lobis patentibus v. capitatum. (JRUClFKRf: llORTl KKWENMlS. 405 1. C. C/iciri, foliis Iniiceolntis iritegerritnis : pube ((luiu ii(lHit) ))i|)iirtitii npprcssti, siliquU liiicariljus; stigruatis lobis recurvis. Cliciraiitbns cbeiri. U'illden. up. pi. 3, /;. 510. n. florc siniplici. ^. flore pleiio. NaL of the South of Europe, c? . 1/ . 2. C. mutahilis, fohis lanceohitia argurc serratis cancsccn- tibus : pubc stdlnri, sin(|ui8 liiicaiibus, caulc fruticoao. Cheirant.hus mutabihs. IJllh/m. sp. pi. 3, p. 517. Curlift ina(/az. 195. Chcirantlius lougifolins. Vanfcn. mdlinah. 83. Kat. of Madeira. Mr. Francis Masson. \ . 3. C. icnmfolins, foliis fiHforrai-liuearibus iutegerrinns incanis : pube bipartita adpressa, caule fruticoso. Cheirauthus teuuifolius. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 517. Nat. of Madeira. Mr. Francis Jl/a-'^son. h . MATlIlOLxV. rii9 Siliqua (teres vel eompressa) coronata Sli//mat<; couui- venti bilobo, lobis vel dorso iucrassatis cotyledon ibus tunc incumbentibus ; vel basi cuspide stipatis. Calyx clausus. Filainenta lonjjiora dilatata. * Stiffmatis lobis dorso iucrassatis, subsimplicibusve. 1. M. incana, foliis lanceolatis integerriuiis, siliquis cyliu- dricis eglandulosis. Cheirauthus iueanus. Willden. sp, pi. '6, p. 520. £V/y/. bot. 1935. a. Leucojutu iucauuui uiajus. Bauh. pin. 200. /3. Cheirauthus coccineus, foliis lanceolatis undatis, caule erecto indiviso. J/z7/. diet. y. Cheirauthus albus., foliis lanceolatis integerriuiis ol)- tusis incanis, rauiis floriferis axillaribus, caule suffruticoso. Mill. did. 406 CRUCIFERiE HORTI KEWENSIS. ■ c , n S. Cheiranthus annuus. fFillden. sp.pl. 'd, p. 620. e. ChGivaiithus ^/abrtf 8, foliis lanceolatis acutis petiolatis viridibus, caule sufFruticoso. Mill. did. Nat. of England. % . 2. M. fenestralis, foliis confertis obovatis tomentosis, caule indiviso. Cheiranthus fenestralis. Willden. sjj. pi. 3, p. 520. Jacqu. hort. vindoh. 2, p. 84, t. 179. JVat. <$ . 120] 3. M. ainuafa, foliis tomentosis : inferioribus sinu- atis, siliquis compressis niuricatis. Cheiranthus siiiuatus. JFillden. sp. pL 3, p. 524. Eiiffl. hot. 462. Nat. of England. S • 4. M. odoratissima, foliis tomentosis lyrato-sinuatis, siliquis compressis tomentosis lajvibus. Cheiranthus odoratissimus. Wllldcn. sp. ^d. 3, p. 524. Nat. of the North of Persia. ^ . 5. M. tristis, foliis linearibus integerrimis subsinuatisve, floribus sessilibus. Cheiranthus tristis. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 522. Botan. magaz. 729. Nat. of the South of Europe, ^i . ** Siliquis tricuspidatis. 6. M. tricuspidata, foliis sinuatis, siliquae cuspidibus acutis subaequalibus. Cheiranthus tricuspidatus. IVillden. sp. pi. 3, p. 523. Schkuhr handb. 2, p. 250, t. 184. Nat. of Barbary. O . 131] 7. M. j)arviflora, foliis lanceolatis repando-dentatis, siliquis sessilibus : cus|)idil)us latcralibus acutis medio obtuse longioribus. ""SW'^'PII pp^ CRUCIFER^ HORTI KEWENSIS. 407 Cheiranthus parviflorus. Willden. »p. pi. S,p. 519. JVat. of Morocco. © . MALCOMIA. Siliqua teres, bivalvis. Stigma acutum. Coti/ledones incumbentes planae. Calyx clausus. 1. M. maritima, foliis obovatis lanceolatisve integerrimis V. obsolete dentatis: pube adpressa 2 — 4-partita, siliquis pedunculatis, calycibus deciduis. Cheiranthus raaritiraus. Willden, sp. pi. 3, p. 518. Curtis magaz. 166. Nat. of the South of Europe. © . 2. M. africana, foliis lanceolatis dentatis : pube stelhri laxa, siliquis sessilibus, calyce persistenti. Hesperis africana. Willden. sp.pl. S,p. 532. Leucojura gallicum, folio halimi. Bocc. sic. 77, /. 42, /•I- Nat. of Africa. © . 3. M. littorea, foliis lanceolatis integris vel dentatis sili- quisque tomentosis incanis. Cheiranthus littoreus. Willden. sp.pl. 3,/;. 521. Leucojuni maritimum minus. Clus. hist. I, p. 298. Nat. of the South of Europe. © . HESPERIS. Gen.pl. 1093. [122 Siliqua 4-gona v. anceps. Stigma subsessile, lobis con- niventibus. Cotyledones incumbentes, planae. Calyx clausus. 1. H. tristis, pctalorum laminis oblongis obliquis, siliquis divaricatis ancipitibus margine incrassatis. Hesperis tristis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 530. Botan. magaz. 730. Nat. of Austria and Hungary. $ . 408 CRUClFEKiE HORTl KEWKNSIS. 2. H, matronalis, petaloruiii laminis obovatis, siliquis erectis torosis margiiie simplicibus. Hesperis matronalis. Willden. sp. pL S,p. 531. Hesperis iiiodora. Willden. sp. 2jI. S, p. 531. En^l. hot. 731. a. flore simplici. flore pleno albo. /3. flore pleno purpureo. Nat. of England. 7/ . EKUOARIA. Garin. sem. *l,p. 298. Siliqi/a biarticulata : articulo inferiore bivalvi poly- spermo ; sn})eriore evalvi oligospermo. Cotj/ledones planse (rectse v. curvatse). 1. Erucaria ali'pplca. Erucaria aleppica. Venten. eels. 04. Cordylocarpns lasvigatus. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 563. i23]Bnnias myagroides. Willden. sp.pl. '6, p. 414. A^af. of the Levant. O . BRASSICA. Gen.pl. 109(5. Siliqua bivalvis (rostro sterili v. monospermo). Cotyle- dones conduplicatse. Calt/x clausus. 1. B. Napus, radice caulescente fusiformi, foliis la-'- ;^'is : superioribus cordato-lanceolatis amplexicaulibus ; ini- v' ri- bus lyratis dentatis. Willden. sp.pl. S, p. 547. jt// . dot. 2146. Nat. of Britain. S . 2. B. JRapa, radice caulescente orbiculari depressa car- nosa, foliis radicalibus lyratis scabris ; caulinis integerriniis laevibus. Willden. sp.pl. S, p. 548. £nyl. dot. 2176. i\W. of England, c? . 3. B. oleracea, radice caulescente tereti carnosa, foliis ....^.Msmmm^m^if^^ CRUCIFER^ llORTl KEWENSIS. 409 omnibus globris glaiicis repandis lobatisve. Willden. sp. pL 3,^;. 548. En(^l. hot. 037. Select, sjjecim. 4, 5. a. cap/ fa fa. Biassica capitata alba. Bauh. pin. 111. /3 rubra. Brassica capitata nibr". Baii/i. pin. \\\. y. mhauda. Brassica alba crispa. Bauh. pin. \W. k sabellica. Brassica fimbriata. Bauh. pin. WX. £. hofryfis. Brassica cauliflora. Bauh. pin. \\\. t' Brassica italica broccoli dicta. Mill. diet. r). Napobrassica. Brassica radice napiformi. Toiirn. \.ni zVm/. 219. Naf. of the English sea-coasts. S ■ 4. B. chifiensis, foliis ovalibus subintegerrimis ; floralibus aniplexicaulibiis hmceolatis, calycibus ungiie petaloriun loiigioribus. Iflllden. .sp. pi. 3, /». 550. Mil. of China. 0 . 5. B. Erucastrum, foliis runcinatis, caule hispido, sili- quis laevibus. Ulllden. sp.pl. S,p. 551. BuUiard herb, de la France, 331. Nat. of the South of Europe. © . 6. B. Eruca^ foliis lyratis, caule liirsuto, siliquis glabris : I'ostro compresso articulato. Brassica Eruca. Willden. sp.pl. "6, p. 551. BuUiard herb, de la France, 313. Schkuhr handb. \L,p. 253, t. 180. Nat. of Switzerland and Austria. © . 7. B. monensis, foliis pinnatifidis, caule nudiusculo glabro, siliquis la3vibus : rostro monospernio. Brassica monensis. Iluds. anr/l. 291. Sisymbrium monense. fVillden. sp. jjI. 3, p. 490. Enr/l. bot. 962. Nat. Of Britain. © . 8. B. clongafa, foliis petiolatis : inferioribus sinuato- [i-'5 pinnatifidis hispidis ; superioribus glabris dentatis, siliquis torulosis tetragonis cuspidatis. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 552. 410 CRUCIPER-a; HORTI KEWENSIS. I Brassica elongata. Wakkt. et Kitaib. hum/. 1, p. 26, t. 28. Nat. of Hungary, c? • 9. B. campestris, radice cauleque tenui, tbliis cordatis acaniinatis aniplexicaulibus : inferioribus lyratis dentatis subhispidis. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 546. Mi^l. bot. 2234. Nat. of England. 0 . 10. B. alpina, foliis caulinis cordato-sagittatis aniplexi- caulibus ; radicalibus ovatis, petalis erectis. Willden. sp. pi. '6, p. 547. Villars dauph. S,p. 330, t. 36. Nat. of Germany and Switzerland. 1/ . n i^ SINAPIS. Gen.pl. 1097. Siliqua bivalvis (nunc biarticulata artioulo superiore evalvi). Cotyledonea conduplicatae. Calyx patens. 1. S. arvensis, siliquis multangulis toroso-turgidis rostro ancipiti longioribus. Willden, sp. pi. 3, p. 554. Curtis lond. Engl. bot. 1748. Nat. of Britain. 0. 2. S. orientalis, siliquis retrorsum hispidis apice subte- tragonis corapressis. Willden. sp.pl. 'd, p. 554. Schkuhr handb. I, p. 264, t. 186. 126] Nat. of the Levant. 0 . 3. S. alba, siliquis hispidis : rostro obliquo longissimo ensiformi. Willden sp.pl. 3, p. bbb. Curtis lond. Engl, hot. 1677. Nat. of Britain. 0. 4. S. Allioni, siliquis ovato-oblongis patulis, foliis pin- natifidis laciniis incisis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 557. Jacgu. hort. vindob. 2, p. 79, t. 168. Raphanus crucoides. Linn, suppl. 299. Nat. 0 . mm CRUCIFERiE HOUTI KEWENSI8. 411 5. S. chinensis, silujuis la3vibiis siibarticulatis patulis, foliis lyrato-runcinatis subhirsutis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 557. Sinapis siliquis glabris subarticiilatis, &c. Arduin. spec. \,p. 23, t. 10. Nat. of China. O . 6. S. juncea, ramis fasciculatis, foliis summis lanceolatis integerrimis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 557. Jacqu. hort. vindob. 2, p. 80, ^.171. Nat. of China. © . 7. S. IcBvigata, siliquis laevibus patulis, foliis lyratis glabris : summis lanceolatis, caule laevi. Willden. sp. pi. 3,/?. 559. [127 Nat. of Spain and Portugal. $ . 8. S. nigra, siliquis adpressis glabris tetragonis : stylo subulato. Sinapis nigra. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 555. Engl. bot. 969. Svensk bot. 83. Nat. of Britain. © . 9. S. pubescens, siliquis pubescentibus erectis : rostro compresso, foliis lyratis villosis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 550. Sinapis hirsuta caulibus frntescentibus, &c. Arduin. spec. I, p. 21, t. 9. Nat. of Sicily. 1/ . 10. S. erucoides, siliquis laevibus aoqualibus, foliis lyratis oblongis glabris, caule glabro. Willden. sp. pi. 2, p. 557- Jacqu. hort. vindob. 2, p. 80, t. 170. Nat. of the South of Europe. ©. 11. S. frutescens, siliquis linearibus laevibus, foliis in- ferioribus oblongis dentatis ; superioribus lanceolatis integris, caule glabro frutescente. Willden. sp.pl. 3, p. 559. Nat. of Madeira. Mr. Fr. Masson. ^ . 12. S. tenuifolia, siliquis linearibus glabris brevissime uaa 412 CRUCIPEB^ HORTI KEWENSIS. rostratis erectis ; pednnculis patnlis, foliis Imiceolatis acutis- simis pinnntifidis bipinnatifidisve, canle glabro. Sisymbrium tenuifolium. inUden. sp. pi. 3, p. 493. Engl. hot. 525. Brassica muralis. Curtis lond. Nat. of England. 1/ . 13. S. muralu, siliqnis linearibus glabris brevissime rostratis erectiusculis ; pednnculis patulis, foliis sinuatis glabris, caule patulo piloso. Sisymbrium murale. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 496. M/gl. dot. 1090. Nat. of England. ©. 14. S. incana, siliquis biarticulatis adpressis, foliis sca- bris : inferioribus lyratis ; summis lanceolatis. Sinapis incana. JFillden.sp.pl. S, p. bbS. Jacqu. hort. vindob. )l,p. 79, t. 169. Myagrum hispanicum. Willden. sp. pi. "6, p. 407. Nat. of France, Spain, and Portugal. ^ . 15. S. hispanica, siliquis biarticulatis erectis, foliis bipinnatifidis : laciniis linearibus. Sinapis hispanica. Willden. sp.pl. S,p. 558. Nat. of Spain. © . Ii' 129] RAPHANUS. Gen.pl. 1098. Siliqiia evalvis. Cotyledones conduplicata3. Calyx clausus. 1. R. sativus, foliis lyratis, siliquis teretibus torosis bilo- cularibus. Willden. sp. pi. 3, />. 560. a. Raphanus minor oblongus. Bauh. piii. 96. /3. Raphanus n^ajor orbicularis vel rotundus. Bauh. pin. 96. -y. Raphanus niger. Bauh. pin. 96. Nat. O . 2. R. Baphanistrum, foliis simpliciter lyratis, siliquis unilocularibus articulatis striatis. CRUCIFElliE IIORTI KEWENSIS. 413 Raphanus Raphanistruru. Hlllden. ap. pi. 3, p. 5C0. Curtis lond. Engl. hot. 856. Nat. of Britain. © . 3. R. [maritimus,] foliis interriipte lyratis, siliquis uni- lociilaribus articulatis striatis. Raphanus niaritimus. Engl. hot. 1643. Nat. of Britain. % . CHORISPERMUM. Siliqua evalvis bilocularis, in segmenla nionosperma clausa discedens. Co/y^^owc'.? plana;, accumbentes. Stigma simplex. 1. C. tencllum, siliquis foliisque glabris ; superioribus lanceolatis dentatis ; infimis pinnatifidis. Raphanus tenellus. frillden.fip.pl.S,p.bQ\. Pallas mo it. 3, JO. 741, /. L./ 3. Nat. of Siberia. 0 . CLEOME. O'en.pl. 1099. CalgiV 4-pliylliis. Petala 4. Stam. 4 — 40. Siliqua unilocularis, bivalvis, polysperma. Scmina exalbuminosa. 1. C. Chelidonii, \^o\yimAYu.: filamentis apice latioribus, foliis 5 — 9-natis : foliolis utrinque scabris pilis adpressis, racerais terminalibus. Cleorae Chelidonii. Will den. sp.pl. 3, p. ^67. Nat. of the East Indies. 0. 2. C. viscosa, staminibus 15 — 20, foliis quinatis terna- tisque, siliquis oblique striatis, seininibus striis transversis elevatis. Cleome viscosa. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 566. Sinapistrum zeylanicum triphyllum et pentaphylluni viscosum flore flavo. Martyn dec. 25. Nat. of Ceylon. © . Hi ■W| 414 CLEOMES IIORTI KEWEN8I8. i I 3. C. pentap/i^ila, floribus gyiiandris : staniinibus medio stipitis insertis, foliis quinatis passim floralibiisqne ternatis, caule inerrai. Cleome pentaphylla. Willden. sp.pl. 3,^. 564. Jiacqu. hort. vindob. I, p. 9, t. 24. Nat. of both Indies. 0 . 131] 4. C. gigantea, inermis hexandra : staminibiis juxta basin stipitis longissinii insertis, foliis 7 — U-natis hirsutis, racemo ebracteato. Cleome gigantea. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 567. Jacqii. obs. 4, p. 1, t. 76. Cleome viridiflora. Sc/treb. nov. act. ac. nat. cur. 4, p. 136, /. 3. Nat. of South America, h . 5. C. 5^e;«o««, aculeata hexandra : staminib us juxta basin stipitis gerraine aliquoties longioris insertis, foliis 7 — 5- natisque acuminatis, bracteis racemi simplicibus cordatis. Cleome spinosa. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 568 (excluso synonymo Milleri). Cleome Erucago. Mill. diet. Nat. of the West Indies. 0 . 6. C. Houstoni, aculeata glanduloso-pubescens hexandra : staminibus basi stipitis germine brevioris insertis, foliis quinatis ternatisque ; floralibus simplicibus, siliquis breviter pedicellatis, stigmate dilatato. Sinapistrum indicum spinosum, flore carneo folio triiido vel quinquefido. Marty n dec. 45. Nat. of the West Indies. 0 . 132] 7. C. t7/o/«ce«, hexandra, calyce petaUsque inaequalibus, foliis ternatis lanceolato-linearibus ; floralibus omnibus simplicibus, siliquis teretiusculis, seminibus glabriusculis. Cleome violacea. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 569. Sc/du/ir handb. 2, p. 292, t. 189, b. Nat. of Portugal. 0. '' 8. C. Ornithopodioides, hexandra, foliis ternatis oblongo- CLEOMES HORTI KEWENSIS. 415 lanceolatis obtusis ; floralibus plerisque simplicibus, siliquis pendulis sessilibus torulosis, seminibiis glabris. Cleome ornithopodioides. Willdcn. sp. pL 8, p. 508. Sinapistrum orientale triphyllum, ornithopodii siliquis. Bill. elth. 359, t. 206,/. 345. Nat. of the Levant. O . 9. C. arabica^ hexandra, foliis ternatis lineari-lanceolatis, siliquis pendulis, seminibus hirsutissimis. Cleome arabica. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 509. Linn. fil. fascic. t. 8. Siliquaria glandulosa. Forak. descr. 78, ic. t. 16, b. Nat. of Arabia. 0 . 10. C. monophylla, hexandra, foliis simplicibus lanceolatis pubeseentibus : basi obtusa. Cleome monophylla. Willden. ap. pi. S,p. 571- Sinapistrum zeylanicum viscosum, folio solitario flore flavo siliqua tenui. Burm. zeyl. 217, t. 100,/. 2. Nat. of the East Indies, o . [isa 1 1 . C. procumbens, hexandra glaberrima, folii ^ simplicibus lanceolatis, caule diffuso. Cleome procumbens. TFillden.sp.pl. Z, p.hll. Jacqii. avier. 189, t. 120. Nat. of the West Indies. H . GENKIU ET Sl'ECIKS QU/EDAM PLANTARUM LEGUMINOSARUM, QtT.K IN HORTO KEWENSI COLUNTUR. [Extracted from 'Hortus Kewensis; 2nd Edition, Vol UlfP- 1—22 ' Vol. IV, pp. 266-338 ; and Vol. V, pp. 460—468.] LONDON. 1811-1812-1813. 27 % DECANDRIA. [iii.l MONOQYNTA. EDWARDSIA. Salisb. in linn. 80c, transact. 9, p. 298. Brown mss. Cat. r)-dentatu9. Cor. papilionaooa. Le^umen tetra- pteruin, polyspcrmuni. 1. Yi. grand}jlora, folioUs (13 — 19) Innccolato-oblongis. Edwardsia granditlora. Salisb. in Htm. soc. transact. 9, p. 299. Sophora tetraptera. IFillden. sj). pi. 2, p. 499. Cnrtis magaz. 1G7. Nat. of New Zealand. The Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B. h • 2. E. microphjlla, foliolis (25 — 41) obovatis. Edwardsia microphylla. Salisb. in linn. soc. transact. 9, p. 299. Sophora microphylla. Willden. sp. pi. 2, p. 499. Jacqu. hort. schoenbr. S, p. 10, t. 2C9. Nat. of New Zealand. The Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B. ^ . SOPHORA. Gen. pi. 694. Brown mss. [iii. i2 Cat. 5-dentatu8. Cor. papilionacea. Legumen monili- forrae, apterum, polysperraum. ^ i! 420 LEGUMINOSiE QU^DAM HORTI KBWENSIS. 1. S. tomentcsa, arborea, foliolis subrotundis ovalibusve obtusissimis utrinque calycibusque tomentosis, racemo ter- minali elongate. Brown mss. Sophora tomentosa. Willden. sp.pl. 2, j». 500. Sophora occidentalis. Willden, sp. pi. ^2,p. ^QQ. Treio ehret. 27, t. 59. Nat. of both Indies. ^ . 2. S. japonica, arborea, foliolis oblongo-ovatis acutis leguminibusque glabris. Brown mss. Sophora japonica. JFillden. sp.pl. 2, p. 500. Andrews's reposit. 585. Nat. of Japan and China, h . 3. S. alopecuroides, herbacea, foliolis oblongis : adultis subtiis scriceis. Brown mss. Sophora alopecuroides. Willden. sp. pi. 2, jw. 499. Pallas astragal. 117, /. 87. Nat. of the Levant. 1/ . 4. S. Jlavescens, herbacea, foliolis ovato-oblongis glabri- usculis. Brown mss. Sophora flavescens. Willden. sp. pi. 2, p. 499. Nat of Siberia. If. . m.3] ORMOSIA. Jackson in linn. soc. transact. 10, p. 360. Brown mss. Cal. 5-fidus, bilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea. Stigmata 2, approximata, obtusa : altero iinilaterali 1 Legumen com- pressum, iignosum, 1 — 3-spernium. 1. O. dasycarpa, foliolis (9 — 11) acuminatis utrinque glabris, leguininibus tomentosis. Brown mss. Ormosia dasycarpa. Jackson in linn. soc. transact. 10, p. 362, t. 26. Sophora monosperma. Willden. sp.pl. 2, p. 501. Nat. of the West Indies. ^ . LEGUMINOSiE QUiEDAM HORTI KEWKNSIS. 421 ANAGYRTS. Gen.pl. Gdo. Col. 5- dent, bilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea, carina dipetala alls longior vexillum superantibus. Legnmcn compressum, polyspermum. 1. k.foetida, WiUdru.sp. pl.9>, 507. Clus.hist. l,j». 93. Nat. of Spain and Italy, h . THERMOPSIS. Brown nm. Cal. oblongus, semi-5-fidus, bilabiatus, postice convexus, basi attenuata. Cor. papilionacea, petalis longitudine suhse- qualibus : veccillnm lateribus reflexis ; carina obtusa. Sta- mina persistentia. Legmnen compressum, lineare, poly- spermum. 1. T. lanccolata, foliolis oblongo-lanceolatis, stipulis laiiceolatis petiolo duplo longioribus, pedicellis verti- cillatis. Brown mss. Podalyria lupinoides. fnildan. sp.pl. ''Z,p. 504. [>>i * Sophora lupinoides. Pallas astragal. 119, /. 89. Nat. of Siberia. 1/ . VIRGILIA. Lamarck illustr. t. 320. Pers. synops. 1, p. 453. Broicn mss. Cal. 5-fidus. Cor. papilionacea, petalis longitudine subae- qualibus : vexillum lateribus non reflexis. Stigma imberbe. Lcgumcn compressum, oblongum, polyspermum. 1. V. aurea, staminibus persistentibus, germinibus to- mentosis, foliolis ovalibus obtusis umticis. Brown mss. Podalyria aurea. Willden.s^. pi. 2,/;. 502. Robinia subdecandra. L'Herit.stirp. nov. \,p. 157, t. 75. Nat. of Abyssinia. ^ . 422 LEGUMINOS^ QU^DAM HORTI KBWENSIS. P. 2. V. intrusa, staminibus persistentibus, germinibus glabiis, calycis basi intrusa, foliolis ovalibus obtiisis iiiu- cronulatis. Brown mss. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. ^ . 3. V. capcnsis, staminibus deciduis basi lanatis, ger- minibus tomentosis, carina acuminata, foliolis lanceolatis. Brown mss. Podalyria capensis. Willden. sp.pl. 2, p. 501. An- drews s reposit. 347. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. ^ . Ui. 6] CYCLOPIA. Venten. dec. yen. nov. p. 8. Brown mss. Ibettsonia. Sims in hotan. mayaz. 1259. Cal. 5-fidus, ina^qualis, basi intrusa. Cor. papilionacea : vexillum rugis longitudinalibus ! alai plica transversa ! Stamina A^f^x^wxy.. aS'^w^ hincbarbatum. Legumen coxii- pressum, polyspermum. 1. C. gcnistoides, foliolis subulatis laciniisque calycis muticis, bracteis oblongo-ovatis pedunculo brevioribus, ramulis glabris. Broion mss. Ibettsonia genistoides. Botan. magaz. 1259. Gompholobium maculatum. Andrews s reposit. 427. Podalyria genistoides. Willden. sp.pl. 2, p. 502. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. »? . BAPTISIA. '} I Venten. dec. gen. nov. p. 9. Brown mss. Podalyria. Mic/iaifx anier. l,p. 2QS. Podalyrise sp. Lamarck illustr. t. 327,/ 1. TFillden. sp.pl. 2, p. 501. Cal. scmi-4 — 5-fidus, bilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea, petalis longitudine subiequalibus : vexillum luteribus reflexis. Stamitia decidua. Legumen ventricosum, pedicellatum, polyspermum. LEQUMINOSiE QU^DAM HORTI KEWENSIS. 423 1. B. perfoliata^ foliis perfoliatis integerrimis subro- tundis. Brown mss. Rafnia perfoliata. IFillden. sp. pi. 3, p. 949. CrotalariaPerfoliatse folio. Bill.elth. 122, t. 102,/ 122. Nat. of Carolina. 1/ . [•" « 2. B. australis, foliis ternatis petiolatis : foliolis cuneato- lanceolatis, stipulis petiolo longioribus lanceolatis. Broion MS8. Podalyria australis. Jn/lde/i. sp.pl. 2, p. oO'S. Vcnteii. Cek. 50. Sophora australis. Botan. mayaz. 509. Sophora cccrulea. Trew pi. rar. 0, t. 14. Nat. of Carolina. 1/ . 3. B. tincioria, foliis ternatis petiolatis : foliolis subro- tundo-obovatis, stipulis setaceis obsoletis. Brown mss. Podalyria tin ctoria. Jn/lcleu. f>p. pi. 2,p. bOS. Botan. ina(/az. 1099. Nat. of North America. 1/ . 4. B. alba, foliis ternatis petiolatis : foliolis elliptico- oblongis, stipulis deciduis subulatis petiolo brevioribus, germinibus glabris. Broicn was. Podalyria alba. Willden. sp. /»/. 2, j). 503. Botan. mac/as. 1177. Nat. of North America. % . PODALYRIA. Salisb. parad. 7. Broicn mss. Podalyriae sp. Lamarck illusfr. t. 327,/. 3, 4. Cal. 5-fidus, inaequalis, basi intrusa. Car. papilionacea, vewillo majore. Stamina persistentia, basi connata. ['•' 7 Legumen ventricosum, polyspermum. 1. P. myrtillifolia, foliis oblongo-obovatis utrinque caly- cibusque sericeis, pedunculis unifloris folia subajquantibus. Brown mss. 424 LKGUMINOSiE QU^DAM HORTI KEWliNSIS. Podalyria myrtillifolia. Willden. »p. pi. 2, p. 505. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. ^ . 2. P. aericea, foliis oblongo-obovatis utrinque calyceque sericeis pedunculo unifloro aliquoties longioribus. Brown mas. Sophora sericea. Andrews s reposit. 440. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope, Mr. David Nelson. ^ . 3. P. bijlora, foliis ovalibns utrinque sericeis pedunculo bifloro brevioribus, calycibus tomentosis scabris. Broion mss. Podalyria bifloria. Willden. sp.pl. 2, p. 505. Botan. magaz. 753. Podalyria argentea. Salisb. parad. 7. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. ^ . 4. P. calyptrata, foliis ovalibus obovatisque pubescen- tibus : subtus reticulatis ; adultis non sericeis, peduncuhs unifloris folia subajquantibus, calycibus villosis : limbo sca- rioso reflexo. Brown mss. Podalyria calyptrata. Willden. sp.pl. 2, p. 504. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. ^ . iii-s] 5. P. hirsuta, foliis villosis petiolatis : superioribus ovatis ; inferioribus subrotundis, peduuculis unifloris, caly- cibus villosis : laciniis longitudine alarum. Brown mss, Podalyria hirsuta. Willden. sp.pl. 2, p. 505. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. h ■ 0. P. cordatUy foliis cordatis subrotundis subsessilibus villosissimis, pedunculis oifloris, calycis villosi laciniis bre- vioribus alis. Broion mss. Sophora cordata. Thunb. prod. 79 ? Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. h . -<«kUM^«Mli^ ■miMMliiiMI I ■ LEGUMINOSiE QUiEDAM IIORTI KEVVENSIS. 425 CHORIZEMA. Lahillard. voy. 1, /?, 405. Brown viss. Cal. semi-5-fidus, bilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea, carina ventricosa alls brevior. Stf/liis brevis, iinciiiatus. Stigma obliquum,' obtusum. Legumen ventricosura, polyspermum. 1. C. ilicifolia, foliis pinnatifido-dentatis spinosis oblongo- lanceolatis ; acumine integro dentibiis longiore, bracteis ad apicem pedicelli. Brown mss. Chorizema ilicifolia. Lahillard. voy. 1, p. 405, t. 21, nov. holl. 2, p. 120. Chorozema ilicifolium. Smith in linn. sac. transact. 9, p. 251. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. ^ . 2. C. nana, foliis sinuato-dentatis spinosis oblongis obtusis, bracteis infra apicem pedicelli. Brown mss. Chorizema nana. Sims in botan. mayaz. 1032. Pultenaea nana. Andrews s reposit. 434. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland, cuio Bobert Brown, f? . 3. C. rhombea, foliis integerrimis p.anis mucronatis : inferioribus rhombeo-orbiculatis ; sununis elliptico-lanceo- latis, pednnculis paucifloris. Brown mss. Nni. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Bobert Brotcn. ^ . PODOLOBIUM. Brown mss. Cal. 5-fidus, bilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea, carina com- pressa longitudine alarum subaequantiura Vfjxillmn explana- turn. Germen simplici serie 4-8permum. Stylus ad- 426 LEGUMINOSiE (^UiEDAM HOllTI KKWEN8IS. scendens. Stigma simplex. Legumen pedicellaturn, lineari- oblongum, modice ventricosura, intus laeve. 1 . P. trilob'Hum, foliis oppositis spiooso-dentatis trilobis : basi transversa; lobis lateralibus teriuinali dentato mul- toties brevioribus, germiiie sericeo. Broion mss. Chorozeiiia trilobatuin. Smith in linn -soc. triuisact. 1), p. 253. Pultena3a ilicifolia. Andrews s reposit. 320. Nat. of New Soutli Wales. Mr. David Burton. \ . W OXYLOHIcM. Andrews s reposit. 492. Brown mss. Cat. prot'unde S-iidus, subbilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea, carina compressa loi»gitudine alarum coquantiura vexillum explanatum. Stylus adsceiidens. Stigma simplex. Le- gumen polyspermum, ventricosum, ovatum, acutum. iii.io] 1. O. arborescens, foliis lineari-lanceolatis, bracteis apicis pedicelli persistentibus, corymbis confertis, legumi- iiibus calyce vix longioribus. Nat. of Van Diemen's Island. Robert Brown. ^ . 2. O. ellipticum, foiiis ovali-oblongis, bracteis infra apicem pedicelli cadiicis, corymbis confertis, leguminibus calyce duplo longioribus. Brown mss. Gompholobium ellipticum. Labillard. nov. holl. I, p. 107, t. 135. Calistachys elliptica. Venten. malmais. 115, b. Smith in linn. soc. transact. d,p. 2GG. Nat. of Van Diemen's Island. Mr. David Nelson. ^ . 3. O. cordi/olium, foliis ovatis cordatis pilosiusculis, umbellis terminalibus sessilibus. Brown viss. Oxylobium cordifolium. Andrews s reposit. 492. Nat. of New South Wales. The Right Hon. Sir Joseph BatikSi Bart. K.B. ^ . LKUUMINOSiE QUiEDAM HORTI KF.WENSIS. i27 BRACIIYSEMA. Brown mss. Cal. 5-fidus, parum inaeqiialis, tiibo ventricoso. Cor. papilionacea, vcvillum brevius carina conipressa alas scquante. Germen pedicello basi vagiiiula cincto. Stilus liliformis, elongatus. Lcyumen polyspcrimim, ventricosuni. 1. B. latifolium, foliis ovatis planis, vexillo oblongo- obovato. Brown mss. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. f? . U"" GOMPHOLOBIUM. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 4,y;. 220. Cal. 5-partitus, subanqualis. Cor. papilioiMicea, vexillo explanato. Btiyma simplex. Legiimen polyspcrmum, sub- sphsericum, obtusissimum (glabruiii). 1. C. latifolium, foliis ternatis : foliolis lincaribus ob- longo-linearibus'"' (unciulibus et ultra), caule erecto, carina fimbriata, calyce fructus rotiexo. Brown mss. Gorapholobium latifoliu a. Smith in linn.- soc. transact. \),p. 249. Gompholobium fimbria rum. Smit/i exot. hot. 1,/?. 113, /. 58. Gompholobium psoraliacfolium. Salisb. parad. 6. /\«A of New South Wales. Qo\o\\id\ William Faterson. ^. 2. G. marginatum, foliis ternatis : foliolis obovatis mar- ginatis pknis, stipulis petiolum ajquantibus, corolla longi- tudine calycis. Brown mss. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Broton. ^ . 3. G. polpnorphum, foliis tei atis quinatisve: foliolis linearibus margine recurvis : apicc qnandoque dilatato, caule procumbente v. volubili. Brown mss. 428 LEOUMINOSiG qU^DAM HORTI KEWENSIS. 1 V Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. "j . iii. 12] 4. G. tomentoaum, foliis pinnatis : foliolis subulato- linearibus mucronatis supra scabris, pedunculis subsoli- tariis, calycibus hirsutis leguniine brevioribus, carina sericeo-ciliata. Brown mss. Gompholobium tomentosuni. LahilL nov. hall. 1, p. 106, t. 134. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. ^ . 5. G. venusttm, foliis pinnatis multijugis : foliolis subu- latis venosis raargine revolutis calycibusque glabris, corymbo pedunculato multifloro, corollis purpureis. Brown mss. Kat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Brown, h . BURTONIA. Brown mss. Cat. profunHc 5-fidus. Cor. papilionacea, decluua, petalis longitudine subsequalibus. Germen disperraum. Stylw bulatus, basi dilatata. Stigma obtusum, im- berbe .^gurnen subrotundura, modice ventricosum. Stro- phiola seminis nulla. 1. B. scabra^ foliis teriiatis, calycibus glabris, stylo extra medium imberbi. Brown mss. Gompholobium scabrum. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 9, p. 250. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Archibald MenzieSy Esq. \ . JACKSONIA. Broken mss. Cal. 5-partitus, subaequalis. Cor. papilionacea, sta- niinaque decidua. Germen dispermuui. Stglus subulato- iii.13] tiliformis. Stigma simplex. Legumen modice ventri- cosum, ovatum V. oblongum, valvis intus pubescentibus. Strophiola seminis nulla. *-*^^ LEGUMINOS.« QUiBDAM HORTI KEWEN8(8. '429 1. J. acoparia, arboresceus inerniis, ramulis angulaiis, racemis terminalibus. Brown mss. Nat. of New South Wales. Robert Broicn. fj . 2. J. apinosa, fruticosa, raraulis spinescentibiis di-tricho- tomis patulis angulatis, bracteis apicis pedicelli appressis brevissimis. Brown visa. Gompholobium spinosum. Lahill. tiov. holl. \, p. 107, /. 136. Nat. of ti;e South-west coast of New Holland. ^ . VIMINARIA. Smith in annals of hot. I, p. 507. Brown mss. Cat. 5-dentatus, angulatus. Cor. papilionacea. Stj/lus capillaris, (/ermine dispermo aliquoties longior. Stigma simplex. Legumen evalve, ovatum. Slrophiola seminis nulla. 1, V. denudata, S?nith ewot. hot. t. 27. Linn, aoc transact. 9,jo. 261. Daviesia denudata. Venten. choice t. 6. Sophora juncea. Schrad. sert. hanov. t. 3. Nat. of New Holland and Van Diemen's Island. ^ . SPHiEROLOBIUM. Smith in annals of bot. I, p. 509. Brown mss. Cal. 5-fidus, bilabi«tus. Cor. papilionacea. Stilus [»■. u apice hinc membranL ductus, inde imberbis. Stigma ter- rainale. Legumen sphecricum. 1. S. vimineum, calycis tubo labiis paulo breviore, stylo incluso a basi arcuato, corolhs flavis. Brown mss. Sphserolobium vimineum. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 9, p. 261. Botan. magaz. 969. i U'/ 430 I.K(iUMIN08;f: (iUiEDAM HORTI KEWEN8I8. SphBprolobiiiin iniiuis. LahiUard. nov. hoU. \,jj. 108, /. 138. Nat. of New Holland and Van Diemen's Island, fj . 2. S. jnediffm, calycis tubo labiis diniidio breviore, co- i*ollis rubris. Brown mss. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. ^ . AOTUS. Smit/t in annals of hot. 1, p. 504. Brown in.9s. Cat. r).fidus, bilabiatus. Cor. papilionarea. Stamina decidua. Germen dispermnm. Sty/ns filiformis. Lcfln- men bivalve. S^rophiola seminis nulla. 1. A. villosa, calycibus sericeis villis appressis, legumino pedicellato, seminibus punctato-rugosis, foliis supra sca- bris. Brown, mss. Aotus Aillosa. Smit/i in linn. snc. transact. 9, p. 249. Botan. mazag. 949. Aotus ferruginea. LahiUard. nov. hoIL \,p. 104, t. 132. Pultensea ericoides. Venten. malmais. 35. Nat. of New Holland and Van Diemen's Island. The Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B. h ■ iii.i5] DILLWYNIA. Smith in annals of hot. 1, p. 310. Brown mss. Cat. 5-fidus, bilabiatus, basi attenuata. Cor. papilionacea, petalis staminibusquc deciduis, medio tubo calycis in- sertis : vexilU lamina duplo et ultra latior quam longa, divaricato-biloba. Germen dispermnm. Stylus uncinatus. Stigma capitatum. Legumen ventricosum. Semina stro- phiolata. L I). Jloribnnda, floribus axillaribiis geminis, foliis subulatis mucronatis. Brown ??iss. LEtJUMINOS.H QUiflDAM HORTI KKVVKNSIS. 131 Dillwynia floribunda. Smifh drot hot. t. 20. Linfi. nor. tr unmet. 9, /;. 20 2. Nat. of New South Wales. >? . 2. D. eririfn/la, coryml)is terminulibiis sessilibus, foliis (4-lin.) subulatia punctato-scal)ris divaricatis subtortis : nmcrone pungeiiti, ramulis pubescentibus. liromi wss. Dillwynia erioifolia. Smit/i e.xot. hot. t. 25. JAnn. sor. transact. 9, /;. 202. Pultensea retorta. irentJl. Iiort. IwrrenhiiH. 2, p. 13, /. 9. Nat. of New South Wales. ^ . 3. D. glaberrima, coryinbis terminalibns pedunculatis, foliis filiformibus erectis Isevibus : iimcronc innocuo i'ecur\ o. Brown mss. Dillwynia glaberrima. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 9, p. 263. Botan. magaz. 944. Nat. of New South Wales. The Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K. B. »? . I^TTAXIA. Brown nm. [iil. 16 Cal. bilabiatus. Cor. papilioiiacea, vexilH lamina paulo latior quam longa. Germen dispcniiiiin. Sfi/lus- iincinatus. Stigma capitatum. Legumen niodice ventricosuni. Semina strophiolata. Folia opposita. 1. E. myrtifolia, foliis lanceolatis lanceolato-obovatisve, pedunculis axillaribus geminis, alarum appendicibus brevis- simis. Brown mss. Dillwynia mvrtifolia. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 9, p. 203. Dillwynia obovata. LahUlard. nov. holl. 1, ;;. 110, t. 140. Botan. magaz. 1274. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. i? . 432 LK(JUMIN()8.« (iUyflDAM IIORTI KKWEN8IH. SCLEROTIIAMNUS. Brown t,m. Cal. 5-fidus, bilabiatus, bnsi bibracteatus. Cor. papi- lionacea : carina longitudine alarum. Germen disperniuin, pedicellatum. Sfylus adscendens, filiformis. Stigma sim- plex. Legumen ventricosum. 1. S. niicrophgUus, Brown mas. Nat. of the South coast of New Holland. Brown. ^ . Robert V'> GASTROLOBIUM. Brown vm. Cal. 5-fidus, bilabiatus, cbracteatus. Cor. papilionacea, petalis longitudine subaequalibus. Germen dispermum, pedicellatum. Stglua subulatus, adscendens. Stigma sim- plex. Legumen ventricosum. Semina strophiolata. 1. G. bilobum, foliis (uncialibus) subtus subsericeis re- tusis : lobulis rotundatis mucronulo longioribus, leguminis iii 17] pedicello tubum calycis aequante. Brown mss. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. ^ . EUCHILUS. Brown mm. Cal. profunde 6-fidus, bilabiatus, labio superiore maximo; basi bibracteatus. Cor. papilionacea, carina longitudine alarum. Germen dispermum, pedicellatum. Stylus subu- latus, adscendens. Stigma simplex. Legumen compressum. Strophiola seminis lobis posticis integris. 1. E. obcordattts, Brown mss. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. ^ . LKOUMINOS/E (^U^EUAM HURTI KKWKNHIS. i;j;j PULTEN/EA. Smith in annah of hot. I, p. 502. Brown mss. Cal. 5-fidua, labiis proportionatis, l)il)racteatus (hractciH stt'pius ipso tiibo insidciitibus). Cor. papilionacca. Gcr- men sessile, dispenmuu. Stilus subnlatus, adscciidc'is. Stigma simplex. Strophiola seniiiiis lobis posticis incisia. 1. P. daphnoides, capitulis terminalibus, foliis obovato- oblongis planis glaberriinis Iscvibus (uncialibus) tripio loiigioribus quam lat's : mucrone pimgcnti. Broion mnn. Pultenaea daphnoides. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 9, /;. 247. JFillden. sp. pi. 2, p. 507. Andrews s reposit. 98. Wendl. hort. herrenhus. 3, p. 7, /. 17. Nat. of New South Wales. The Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K. B. h 2. P. obcordata, capitulis terminalibus, foliis cuneato- [i" is obcordatis retusis planis glaben'imis laevibus (semunciali- bus) vix duplo longioribus quam latis : mucrone pungenti. Brown mss. Pulteneea obcordata. Andrews's reposit. 574. Nat. of Van Diemen's Island. Robert Brown. h. 3. P. scabra, capitulis terminalibus paucifloris, foliis cuneiformibus truncatis setaceo-mucronatis margine recur- vis : supra scabris ; subtus villosis, stipulis setaceis recurvis. Brown mss. Nat. of New South Wales. Robert Brown, h . 4. P. retusa, capitulis terminahbus, foliis linearibus retusis muticis planis glabris, bracteis calyce paulo longio- ribus. Brown mss. Pultenaea retusa. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 9, /y. 247. Nat. of New South Wales, h - 5. P. linophylla, bracteis capitulo 6 — S-floro brcvioribus foliis linearibus (semuncialibus) raucronulo marginibusquc 28 m^mmmmmmmm mfrnfffrnmrnm 431 LBGUMINOSiS QUiEDAM HORTI KEWBNSIS. recurvis : subtus sericeis, stipulis petiolo brevioribus. Brown mss. Pultenaea linophylla. Smii/i in linn. soc. transact. 9, p. 247. Schrad. sert. hannov. 3, p. 28, *'. 18. Willden. sp. pi. 2, p. 505. Hi. 19] Nat. of New South Wales. The Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K. B. h . 6. P. stipularis, capitulis multifloris : bracteis calyces subaequantibus, foliis planis linearibus acutis : junioribus ciliatis, stipulis bifidis planis imbricatis. Broion mss. Pultenaea stipularis. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 9, p. 245. Stnith nov. hull. \, p. 35, t. 12. Botan. magaz. 435. Willden. sp. pi. 2, p. 50(5. Nat. of New South Wales. y, . 7. P. vestita, floribus axillaribus, foliis lineari-lanceolatis mucronatis glabris : marginibus inflexis, stipulis imbricatis ciliatis, calycibus brr^teisque aristatis. Brown mss. Nat. of the South coast of New Holland. Bobert Brown. 1?. 8. P. villosa, racemis foliatis, foliis lineari-oblongis : supra concaviusculis ; subtus et calycibus ramulisque pilosis. Brown mss. Pultenaea villosa. JFillden. sp. jjl. 2, p. 507. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 9, p. 248. Botan. magaz. 967. Nat. of New South Wales. Tj . 9. P. jlcjcUis, glaberrima, floribus axillaribus, foliis ob- longo-linearibus mucroiiatis planis. Brown mss. Pultenaea flexilia. Smith in linn. soc. transact. 9, p. 248. iii.20] Nat. of New South Wales. Colonel William Paterson. ipiil wmim LEGUHINOSiG QU^EDAftl HORTI KEWENSIS. 435 DAVIESIA. Smith in linn, soc. transact. 4, p. 222. Brown msa. Col. angulatus, ebracteatus. Cor. papilionacea, carina vexillo brevior. Germen pcdicellatum, disperinum. Stylus strictus. Stigma simplex. Legnmen compressum, angu- latum, clastice dehiscens. Strop/uola semiiiis postice In- tegra. 1. D. ulicina, ramis spinescentibus glabris patulis, foliis Iniiceolatis linearibnsve margine lacvibiis : mucrone spinoso, pediinculis axillaribus imiitioris : bracteis (8) inibricatis. Brown mss. Daviesia ulicina. Smith in linn. soc. transact. d,p. 25G. Daviesia ulicifolia. Andrews's reposit. 304. Nat. of New South Wales, h . 2. D. mimosoides, ramis inermibus, foliis elongato-lanceo- latis : mucrone brevissimo innocuo, corymbis axillaribus geminis solitariisve : bracteis adpressis, calycis labio supe- riore retuso. Brown mss. Daviesia corymbosa. Andrews^s rcposit, 52G. (cxcluso synonyrao.) Ned. of New South Wales. Robert Brown. ^ . 8. D. lalifolia, ramis inermibus, foliis ellipticis ovaU- busve venosis basi subattenuatis, racemis axillaribus multi- floris. Brown mss. iV«/. of Van Diemen's Island. Robert Brown. ^? . Cui 21 MIR13EL1A. Smit/f, in unnuts of hot. I, p. 541. Broivn mss. Cal. 5-fidu.s, bilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea. Lcgtimen biloculare, sutura utra? . 14. A. marninatn, foliis clongato-lnnccolatis subfalcotis innrginatis uiiinerviis : ninrginc antico paruni exciKO uni- glaiululoso, cnpitulis raccraosis 8ul)-4-flori8. Brown mas. Nat. of tlie South-west const of New Holland, lioherl Brown. »? . » <«8] 17. A. decipien8, foliis triangulnribus pnssimque tra- pezoidcis: nngiilo cxtcriorc spinoso; intcriore glanduli- icro, stipulis setaceis caducis, rnmulis glabris, copitulia solitariis 7 — 10-floris. Brown inss. Mimosa decipiens. Kiinit/ in annals of hot. 1, p. 3G0, /. 8. Adinntnm triincatiim. Linn. syst. veg. ed. 13, />. 790. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland, Archi- bald Menzies, Esq. »j . 18. A. hiflora, foliis triangularibus : angulo exterioro spinoso; interiorc glandulifcro, stipulis setaceo-spiuosia j)crsistentibus, ramulis pubescentibus, capitulis bifloris. Brown mss. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. »? . 19. A. arviata, foliis dimidiato-oblongis glabris raucro- nulatis uninerviis : nervo parallele approxiniato niargini V.464] interiori subtmncato, stipulis spinosis, capitulis glo- bosis solitariis, ramis hirsutis. Brown mss. Nat. of the South coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. >:. 20. A. alata, caule bifariam alato, foliis decurrentibus uninerviis spinula terminatis : margine interiore dente unico glandnlifero, stipulis spinosis, capitulis pedunculatis sub- solitariis. Brown mss. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. ^ . 22. A. pulc/iella, foliis conjiigato-pinnatis : glandula LECIUMINOS.E (^U/fiDAM ilORTI KKWRN8I8. U7 pcdicellnta inter pinnns 5 — 7-jiign9, stipiilis spinosia folia 8uba3quantibii9, capitulis solitariis, ramis flcxuosis. Broum visa. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. »: . 23. A. (?i7««/«, inermis pilosa, foliis bipinnatis: par- [v ■ws tialibus bijugis : propriis 2 — .'J-jugis, stipulis subsctaccis caducis, capitulis solitariis. Brown mss. Nat. of the South-west coast of New Holland. Robert Broxon. ^ . 24. A, mgricans, inermis glabra, foliis bipinnatis : par- tialibus bijugis : snperioris propriis 5 — 7-jugis ; inferioris 2 — 3-jugis, stipulis subulato-setaccis, capitulis solitariis. Brovm ima. Mimosa nigricans. Labillard. nov. holt. 2,j). 88, /. 238. Nat. of the South-west coast of New llollaiul. h . 33. A. pubescens, inermis, foliis bipinnatis : partialibus suboctojugis ; propriis subquindecimjugis, racemis axillari- bus solitariis : capitulis globosis pedicellatis, raniis hirsutis, petiolis eglandulosis. Mimosa pubescens. Fcnten. malmais. 21. Botan. wagaz. 12C3. Nat. of New South Wales. [v ws I iwnasaap ^^m^^^mmm f'" ' ' >v . t-, ■■■ . . r," •ipp GENERA ET SPECIES QU.EDAM PLANTARUM MYRTACEARUM, qm IN HORTO KEWENSI COLUNTUR. [Extracted from ' Ilortus Kewcnsix' 2nd Edition , Vol. IV, pp. 410—419.] LONDON. 1812. 29 MiB POLYADELPHIA ICOSANDRIA. lilC MELALEUCA. {Smith in linn. soc. transact. 3, jO. 273.) Brown mss. Stamimim. phalanges 5, petalis oppositac, elongatae : An- thercB incumbentes. Caps. 3-loc. polysperma, connata et inclusa calycis tubo incrassato basi adnato (ramo). Folia alterna. 1. M. Leucadendron, foliis elongato-lanc ;olatis acumi- iiatis falcatis aversis 3 — 5-nervibus, ramulis floriferis pen- dulis spicisque glaberriiuis. Brown 7nss. Melaleuca Leucadendron. Wilhlen. sp. pi. S,p. 1428. Arbor alba Caju Puti. Rumph. amh. 2, p. 72, t. IG. Nat. of the East Indies. ^^ . 2. M. viridiflora, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis aequilateris 5-nervibus, ramulis et rachi spicae calycisque tubj pubes- centibus, phalangium unguibus calycis latiniis brevioribus obsoletisve. Brown mss. Melaleuca viridiflora. Willden. sp.pl. S,p. 1429. Metrosideros quinquenervia. Cavanill. ic. 4, p. 19, t. 333. Nat. of New South Wales. John White, M.D. ^ . 3. M.paludosa, foliis lineari-lanceolatis elongatis aequila- teris strictis 3-nervibus : nervis lateralibus margini sea- [*u bro approximatis, rachi spicae cylindricae calycisque tubo sericeis, phalangium unguibus brevissimis. Brown mss. 452 MYRTACi'Mi QU.flUAM HORTl KEWENSlS. Nat. of the South-west Coast of New Holland. Hubert Brown. ^i . 4. M. fflobifcra, foliis obloiigis 5-nei'vibiis ajqiiiluteris basi attenuatis, capitulis sphaericis, capsulis connatis. Broicri diss. Nat. of the South Coast of Nev liollaiiil. Robert Broun. ^ . 5. M. diosmifoliay foliis ovalibus oblongisve obsolete uni- nervibus petiolatis planis confertis ramulisque glaberrimis, spicis oblongis glabris, phalangibus 3 — 5-aiidris. Brown mss. Melaleuca diosniajfolia, Andrews's reposit. 470. Nat. of the South-west Coast of New Holland. Archi- bald Menzies, Esq. ^ . f). M, sli/pheloides, foliis ovatis acuuiinatis nuicronato- pungentibus striato-multinervibus sessilibus glabris, spicis pubescentibus, calycis laciniis acutis nervosis. Brown mss. Melaleuca sty pheloides. WiUdcn. sp.pl. 3, p. 1430. Nat. of New South Wales, Mr. David Burton. ^ . 7. M. ffenistifoUa, foliis lineari-lanceolatis obsolete 1 — 3- ♦12] nervibus, spi(;is laxis foliatis glabris, phalangibus poly- andris : unguibus petala subaequantibus. Brown mss. Melaleuca genistifolia. WUlden. sp. pi. 3, /;. 1431, Smith cxot. bot. 1, />. 107, t. 55. Nat. of New South Wales. Mr. David Burton. \ . 8. ]\I. striata, folii's lanceolato-linearibus acutis punctatis obsolete striatis rigidis subsessilibus, spicis ovalibus ob- longisve, calycis tubo lanato, phalangibus sul)decandris : unguibus petala bis superantibus. Brown mss. Melaleuca striata. Labillard. nov. holt. '^,p. 20, t. 105. Nat. of the South Coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. \ . 9. M. thpioides, foliis lanccolatis (paj.yip. oblongis) tri- MYRTACr..F. QUiflDAM HORTI KK.VVKNSI8. 458 nervibiis petiolatis ranmliaque glaberriniis, capitulis globosis ovalibusve, calycis laciniis acutis triiiervibus, phalangibus subdecandris : iiiiguibiis petalis brevioribiis. Brown visa. Melaleuca tliymoides. Lahillard. nov. /toll. 2, p. 27, f. 167. Nat. of the South-west Coast of New Holland. Bobert Brown. ^ . 10. M. sqiiaviea, foliis ovatis lanceolatis acuminatis tri- nervibus : novellis ramulisque villosis, capitulis globosis pubesnentibus, phalangibus 5 — 0-andris : nnguibu3 brevis- simis. Brown ?ns-'^. Malaleuca squarnea. Lahi'lard. nov. hoU. 2, p. 28, t. 168. Nat. of Van DienuMi's Island. •: . i^s 11. M. nodosa , foliis subuhito-linearibus mucronatis rigidis uiiinervibus planis, capitulis globosis, calycis laciniis membranaceis glabris, phalangibus 8 — 6-andris : unguibus petalis brevioribus. Brown mss. Malaleuca nodosa. V'iUden. sp. pi. 3, p. 1431. Smith exot. hot. 1, p. 67, t. 35. Venten. malmais. 112. Nat. of New South Walos. The Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bnrf. K.ll Tj . 12. M. sricifolia, foliis lineari-subulatis enervibus rauticis patentibus subrecurvisque, spicis ovalibus glabris, phalangi- bus 8 — 1 0-andris : unguibus petala vix aequantibus. Brown tnss. Malaleuca ericifolia. Willdon. xp. pi. 3, p. 1430. Smith exot. hot. I, p. 65, /. 34. Nat. of New South Wales. John White, M.D. >: . 18. M. armillaris, foliis lineari-subulatis mucronatis apice recurvis, spicis cylindricis glaberrimis, phalangibus polyandris : unguibus petala superantibus. Brown ms-t. Melaleuca armillaris . Wilden . sp. pi. S, p.l4M. Melaleuca ericsefolia. Andrews s reposit. 175. Fenten. mahnais. 76. \ 454 MYRTACE.f: QUiEDAM HO il KKWENSIS. I Nat. of New South Wales. The Right lion. Sir Josep/i Banks, Bart. K.B. »? . 14. M. nncinata, foliis angulato filiformibus miicronatis [«* erectis : apice uncinate recurvo, ramulis virgatis, capitulis ovalibus : rachi lanata, phalangibus 5 — 6-andris : unguibus petala superantibus. Broxcn mss. Nat. of the South Coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. ^ . 15. M. scabra, foliis teretiusculis nmcronulatis scabris confertis, capitulis globosis, phalangibus 4 — 0-andris : un- guibus petala subaequantibus. Brown mas. Nat. of the South Coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. ^ . 16. W. pulchella, foliis sparsis suboppositisque ovalibus obtusis obsolete 3-nervibus floribusque subsolitariis glabris, phalangibus polyandris intus basin usque ramosis. Brown niss. Nat. of the South Coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. ^ . Folia opposita v. vcrticillata. 17. M. tkymifolia, foliis oppositis lanceolatis enervibus, spicis paucifloris, phalangibus polyandris : unguibus intus medium usque ramosis. Broivn msfi. Melaleuca thymifolia. Willden. sp.pl. 3, p. 1432. Smith eccot. bof. \,p. 69, t. 36. Melaleuca gnidisefolia. Venten. malmais. 7. Melaleuca coronata. Andrews b reposit. 278. 4i5]iVfl/. of New South Wales. The Right Hon, Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B. ^ . 18. M. decussata, foliis oppositis decussatis ovali-lanceo- latis trinervibus, spicis ovalibus glaberrimis, phalangibus polyandris : unguibus brevissimis. Brown mss. MYRTACKiB QUiBDAM HORTI KKWRNSIH. 450 Nat. of the Soiith Coast of New Hollnnd. Robmi Brown. »?. 19. M. fulgens, foliis oppositis lanceolato-linearibns acutis uninervibus, spicis ovalibus gluberrimis, phalangibus multifidis : unguibus longitudine petalorum. Brown mss. Nat. of the South Coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. ^ . 20. M. Hnariifolia, foliis oppositis lanceolato-linearibns acutis trinervibus, spicis oblongis glabris, plialangibns poly- andris longitudinaliter pinnatis. Brown mss. Melaleuca hnariifolia. Willdcn. sp. pi. 3, p. 1 182. Smith exot. hot. \,p. 109, /. 56. Not. of New Soutli Wales. Colonel William Pnforsnn. 21. M. hypericifolia^ foliis opj)ositis elhptico-oblongis 3-nervibus : nervis lateralibus obsoletis margini recurvo approximatis, spicis glaberriniis, phalangibus polyandris : unguibus dongatis ; hlaniontis radiantibus. [*'« Melaleuca hypericifolia. Willdcn. sjj. pi. 3, p. 1433. Andrews's repast t. 200. Ventcn. eels. 10. Nat. of New South Wales. Admiral Phillip. \ . 22. M. squarrosa, foliis oppositis ovatis acutis 5— 7-ner- vibus petiolatis, s])icis oblongis ovalibusque : bracteis folia- ceis, calycis laciniis ener\ ibus obtusis, phalangium unguibus brevissiniis. Melaleuca squarrosa. Willden. sp. pi. p. 430. Lahillard. nov. holl. 2, p. 28, /. iC9. Melaleuca myrtifolia. Venten. malmais. 47. Nat. of New South Wales and Van Diemen's Island. Mr. David Nelson. »? . 23. M. caJycina, foliis oppositis ovato-lanceolatis 3 — 5- nervibus subsessilibus, gloraerulis paucifloris, calycis laci- niis acutis enervibus, phalangibus polyandris : unguibus petalo brevioribus. Brovm mss. 456 MYRTACEit: QUiBDAM HORTI KKWEN8I8. I Nat. of the South-west Const of New Holland. Bobert Brown. >: . 24. M. densa, foliis ternis obovatis trinervibua glabris, spicis oblongis ovalibusve. Brown mss. Nat. of the South-west Coast of New Holland. Robert Brown. »? . 4173 TRISTAN I A. Brown m. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) I 1.0 a^lM 112.5 I.I I4£ Sir 1^ 1.8 1.25 |||.4 1.6 ^ 6" ^ ^4 '5; "-^J" >!S^ Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. )4S80 (716) S72-4J03 6^ COMPOSITE. IXODIA. Brown mss. [iv. 6i: JRecept. paleaceum. Pappifs nulliis. CaL inibricatus, sqiiamis interioribus radiantibiis coloratis. 1. IxoDiA Achillceoidefs. Brown diss. Nat. of the South Coast of New Holland. Brown. ^ . liobert i DONIA. Brown mss. [T. S3 Becept. nudum. Pappus setaceus, caducus. Cali/x imbricatus, hemisphaericus. 1. D. glatinosa, foliis ovato-oblongis serratis calycibusque viscidis. Brown mss. Doronicura glutinosum. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 2115. Aster glutinosus. Cavanill. ic. 2, p. 52, t. 168. NaL of Mexico, h . PODOLEPIS. {Labiil. nov. holl. 2, p. 56.) Brown mss. Recept. nudum. Pappus pilosus. Calyx inibricatus scariosus heraisphsericus : squamis unguiculatis. 1. P. rugata, squamis calycis rugosis obtusis, caule sim- plici. Brown mss. Podolepis rugata. Labiil. nov. holl. 2, j». 57, t. 208. Nat, of the South-west Coast of New Holland. 11 . 0 r • 462 COMPOSITiE QUiEDAM HORTI KEWENSIS. 2. P. acuminata, squamis calycis aequatis ovatis acumi- natis, caule subsiraplici. Brown mas. Scalia Jaceoides. Sims in Botan. magaz. 956. Nat. of New South Wales. Robert Broton. % . V. 137] CULLUMIA. Broivn mstt. Becept. favosum. Semina glabra. Pappus nuUus. Cat. monophyllus : foliolis imb^icatis tectus, 1. C. ciliarisy loliis ovatis glabris imbricatis bifariam ciliato-spinosis : spina terminali reflexa. Brown mss. Berckheya ciliaris. Willden. sp. pi. 3, /;. 2273. Carlina foliis imbricatis oblongis reticulatis et in aculeum aduncura desinentibus. Burm. afr. 151, t. 54,/. 1, Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. ^ . 2. C. setosa, foliis ovato-lanceolatis glabris recurvatis ciliato-spinosis. Brown mss. Berckheya p^tosa. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 2273. (ex- clus. syn. Commelini.) Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. ^ ▼ 138] 3. C. squarrosa, foliis subulatis recurvatis patulisve spinuloso-ciliatis subtus sulcatis : adultis ramisque glabri- usculis. Brown mss. Berckheya squarrosa. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 2272. Rohria squarrosa. Thunh. in act. soc. nat. scrut. hafn. ^fpart. \,pag. 100, t. 5. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. \ . BERCKHEYA. {Gen. pi. 1329.) Brown mss. Becept. favosum. Semina villosa. Pappus paleaceus (nunc setoso-pale.iceus ciliatus). Cal. monophyllus: foliolis imbricatis tectus. 1. B. cynaroides, foliis caulinis alternis amplexicaulibus spinuloso-ciliatis; radicalibus elongatis integris inermibus COMPOSITE QU^DAM HORTI KEWENSI8. 463 subtus tomentosis, calycis foliolis ovatis integerrimis. Brown VIS8. Berckhej^a cyiiaroides. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 2275. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. 2/ . 2. B. obovata, foliis alt:^rnis cuneato-lanceolatis spinoso- dentatis utrinque glabris, foliolis calycis dentato-spinosis. Brown mss. Berckheya obovata. WiUd"H. sp. jjI. S,p. 2269. Basteria aculeata. Houtt. nat. hist. 6, p. ] 58, t. 34,/. 2. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. ^ . 3. B. incana, foliis alteniis ovatis spinoso-dentatis subtus caulibusque incanis, calycis foliolis dentato-spinosis cv. isb subtus tomentosis. Brown mss. Berckheya incana. JFiUden.sp.pl. S, p. 2269. Gorteria asteroides. Jacqu. ic. 3, t. 591. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. ^ . 4. B. cernua, foliis alternis lanceclatis aniplexicaulibus spinoso-dentatis ciliatis utrinque glabris, floribus cernuis, })appo setoso-ciiiato. Brown mss. Gorteria cernua. Willden. sp.pl. 3, p. 2268. Gorteria araneosa. Meerb. ic. 1, ^. 40. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. J • ( \M DIDELTA. [Gen.pl. 1351.) Brown mss. Recept. favosum includens semina. Pappus multipartitus setoso-paleaceus dentatus. Cal. monophyllus : tectus folio- lis : exterioribus niaximis. 1. D. carnosum, foliis alternis. Didelta carnosa. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 2262. Didelta tetragoniaefolia. L'Herit. stirp. nov. 55, t. 28. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. ^ . 2. D. spinosum, foliis oppositis. 461 COMPOSlTif: CiUiKDAM HORTI KEWEN8I8. Didelta spinosa, Willden. up. pi. 3, p. 2262. WencU. obs. 33, t. 4,/ 32. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. h . It t! V.140] GORTElllA. {Gen.pl.Vd'Z^.) Brown mss. Becept. scrobiculatmn. Bappus : margo ciliatus. Cal. rnonophyllus -. foliolis iinbricatis tectus ; fructus induratus connivens deciduus. 1 . Go RTEiii A pcnoHuta. Gorteria pei'soimta. Wi/lden. sp.pl. S,p. 2'2Qb. Jacqu. collect. 4>,p. 224, A 21,/. 1. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. © , GAZANIA. {Gicrtn. sem. 2, p. 451.) Brown 7nss. Becept. epaleatum (iukUiiii ; v. alveolatum geriiiiiiibus exsertis.) Setnina villosissiuia. Bappus piloso-paleaceus. Cal. monophylhis : tubo foliohs imbricatis tecto v. nudo. 1. G. ripens, foUis spathulato-lanceolatis mdivisis passim pinnatifidis subtus tomentosis, scapo uiiifloro calcycibusque glabris, caule decumbente. Brown wss. Gorteria rigens. inUden. sp. pi. 3, p. 2267. Curtis magaz. 90. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. h . 2. G. Bacouia, foliis pinnatifidis supra pilosis subtus tomentosis : laciniis ovali-lanceolatis, scapo unifloro, caule decumbente. Brown mss.^ Gazania Pavonia. Andrews s reposit. 523. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. James Niven. ^ . 3. G. subulata, caule folioso decumbente unifloro, foliis subulato-linearibus margine revolutis subtus tomentosis. [v. u\ Brown rnss. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. h . yr^-ii COMPOSITE QUiEDAM HORTI KKWENSIS. 465 CRYPTCSTEMMA. Brown wss. JRecepf. favosum. Pappus paleaceus lana implexa seminis tectus. Cal. imbricatus. 1. C. calendulaceum, ligulis indivisis, foliis pinnatifidis dentatis subtus tomentosis. Brown mss. Arctotis calendulacea. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 2347. Jacqu. hort. schcenbr. 2, p. 16, t. 157. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. O . 2. C. hypochondriacumy ligulis (3-5-) partitis, foliis lyratis tomentosis. Brown mss. Arctotis hypochondriaca. Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 2348. NiaL of the Cape of Good Hope. © . 3. C. runcinatum, ligulis (3-5-) partitis, foliis runciuatis dentatis subtus tomentosis. Brown mss. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. O . ARCTOTHECA. {Wendl. hort. herrenhus. b.) Brown mss. Becept. favosum. Pappus nullus. Cal. imbricatus. 1. Arctotheca r r /'I I. j I 468 COMPOSITiB (iUiEDAM HORTl KEWEN8IS. 0. A. plantayinca, foliis Innceolato-ovatis nervosis denti- culatis ainplexicmilihus. Willdcn. sp. pi. 3, p. 2350. Nat. of the C.npe of Good Hope. % . ▼ 171] 7. A. argontca, foliis Innceolato-lincaribus integerrimis tomentosis. IFillden. np.pl. S, p. 2351. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope Mr. Fr. Masson. S • 8. A. rosea, cauie procumbente, foliis spathulato-lanceo- latis repando-dentatis incaiiis, pappo diiplici. JVillden. sp. pi. S,p. 2351. Arctotis rosea. Jacqu. hort. schoenbr. 2, p. 18, t. 162. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. 1/ . 9. A. dvcumjcns, caule procumbente, foliis oblongo- lanceolatis inaiqualiter deiitatis caiicsceiitibus : subtus to- mentosis trinerviis, calycinis squamis exterioribus adpressis. Willdrn. sp.pl. 3,jO. 2351. Arctotis decunibens, Jacqu. hort. schoenbr. 3, p. 68, t. 381. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. % . 10. A. angustifolia, caule ranioso adscendente, foliis tomentosis spathulato-lanceolatis subdentatis trinerviis pu- bescentibus, calycinis squamis exterioribus reflexis. Willdcn. sp.pl.S,p.2Sb2. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. ^2 . 11. k.Jiaccida, caule ramoso herbaceo adscendente, foliis spathulato-lanceolatis integerrimis trinerviis pubescentibus, calycinis squamis omnibus reflexis. Willden. sp. jjI. 3, p. 2352. V. 172] Arctotis flaccida. Jacqu. hort. schoenbr. 2, p. 19, t. 163. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. © . 12. A decurrenSy caule fruticoso, foliis liirtis oblongis indivisis subdentatis. Willden. sp.pl. S,p. 2353. Arctotis decurrens. Jacqu. hort. sc/icenbr. 2, p. 20, t. 165. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. ^ . COMPOSnVE QU^DAM IIOKTI KKWENHIS. 409 13. A. rcpfans, coulc hcrbnceo adscciuleiite, foliis liirtis snbtus iiicanis : inferioribus lyrato-dentutis ; aiiperioribus lanceolatis deiitatis. Willden. */;. pi. 3, p. 2354. Arctotis reptans. Jacqit. hort. nvhanbr. 3, ;;. 09, /. 382. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Mafison. % . 14. A. auricuJata, caide friiticoso nivco-tomeiitos'o, foliis lyrntis amplexicaulibus tomeutosis dentatis : lol)o tenuinali rhombco. Willden. up. pi. 3, p. 2354. Arctotis auriculata. Jacqu. hort. schcenbr. 2. p. 22, /. IGO. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. ^ . 15. A. fastuosa, caule erecto herbaceo, foliis hirtis ob- longis dentatis, calyciiiis squaniis exterioribus reflexis ciliatia. Willden. sp.pl. 3,jy. 2354. Arctotis fastuosa. Jacqu. hort. schcenbr. 'i, p. 21, /. lOG. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. {•>■ n.s cJ. 10, A. spinulosa, caide erecto herbaceo, foliis cano-hirtis viscosis obloMgis amplexicaulil)us mucronato-dentatis, caly- ciiiis squamis exterioribus patulis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 2355. Arctotis spiimlosa. Jacqu. hort. schcenbr. 2, />. 2 1, /. 107. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masson. ^ . 17. A. aspera, caule erecto fruticoso, foliis pinnatifidis scabris subtus tomeutosis niargine revolutis : laciniis lanceo- latis obtusis mucronato-dentatis. Willdcp. sp. pi. 3, />. 2356. a. Anemonospermos afiican.., foliis cardui benedicti, florum radiis intus sulphureis. Commel. hort. 2, p. 43, t. 22. /3. Anemonospermos afra, folio Jacoba^ae tenuiter laciniato, flore auraiitio pulcherrimo, Boerh. luydh. 1, p. 100, cum tab. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. ^ . l( 470 ('UM1'UH1I.,V il[}/VA)AM HOllTI KEWKN81S. » im ERIOCEPIIALUS. (O'e/i. pi. 13 14.) Brown ima. Reccpt. pnleaccuin Pappm nullus. Cal. duplex : in- terior l-phylius ; exterior 5-phyllii8. 1. Yj. frutcsccns, foliis sericeis, floribus corymbosis. Eriocephalus af'ricanus. Willden. sp. jjI. 3, p. 2384. Botan. magaz. 833. Nat, of the Cape of Good Hope. ^ . 2. E. racfinosus, foliis sericeis, floribus rncemosis. Eriocephalus racemosus, Willden. sp. pi. S,p. 2385. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. >? . V. 18i] CASSINIA. Broion mss. Cl7/^cp^'""'^~"' u i 476 ORCHIDE^ HORTI KEWENSIS. HERMINIUM. Brown ms8. Cor. subpatens. Lahellum ecalcaratum. Glandulae nmssarura pollinis nudae distinctoe. 1. H. Monorchis, foliis radicalibus lanceolatis binis. Bromi tms. Ophrys Monorchis. Willden. sp. pi. 4, j». 61. Un^l. hot 71. 192] Nat. of England. % HABENARIA. Brown prodr. 312. Cor. ringens. Lahellum basi subtus calcaratiim. Glan- didcB pollinis nudse distinctse (loculis pedicellomra adnatis V. solutis distinctis). 1. H. nigra, cornu abbreviato didymo, labello ovato acu- minato, spica densa ovata, foliis linearibus. Brown niss. Orchis nigra. Willden. sp.pl. 4, /». 35. Satyrium nigrum. Fl. dan. 998. Nat. of the Alps of Switzerland, Austria, and Lapland, X . 2. H. viridis, cornu abbreviato didymo, labello lineari tridentato : lateralibus acutis ; medio brevissimo, bracteis flore sesquilongioribus. Brown tuss. Orchis viridis. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 33. Satyrium viride. Bngl. hot. 94. Nat. of Britain. 1/ . 3. H. hracteata, cornu abbreviato didymo, labello lineari retuso-tridentfito : lateralibus obtusis ; medio obsolete, bracteis flore duplo longioribus. Brown mss. Orchis bracteata. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 34. Orchis bractealis. Salisb. paradis. 110. Nat. of North America. 1/ . ORCHIDE^E HORTI KKVVENSIS. 477 4. H. albida, cornu obtuso genuine triple breviore, [los labello tripartite : laciniis acutis : media inajore. Brown mas. Orchis albida. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 38. Satyrium albidura. En(/l. hot. 505. Nat. of Britain. % . 5. H. hyperhorea, cornu cylindrico germine breviore, labello integerrinio lineari-oblongo. Brown mss. Orchis hyperborea. JFillden. sp. pi. 4:, p. 37. Nat. of Iceland and Labrador, ii . 6. H. bi/olia, cornu filiformi germine duplo longiore, labello lineari integerrinio, foliis radicalibus binis oblongis basi attenuatis. Broivn mss. Orchis bifolia. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 10. Curtis lond. Engl. hot. 22. Nat. of Britain. 1/ . 7. H. herbiola, cornu filiformi germine breviore, labello oblongo obtuso basi utrinque dentato ; palato unidentato, bracteis flore longioribus. Brown mss. Nat. of North America. 1/ . 8. H. Jimbriata, cornu filiformi germine longiore, labello tripartite laciniis cuneiformibus fimbriatis. Brown mss. Orchis fimbriata. Willden. sp. pi. 4. p. 39. Nat. of Canada and Newfoundland. % . 9. H. cristata, cornu filiformi germine breviore, labello [lot lanceolate pinnatim-fimbriato, petalis interioribus dentato- incisis. Brown mss. Orchis cristata. Willden. sp.pl. 4, p. 9. Nat. of North America. 1/ . 10. H. ciliaris, cornu filiformi germine longiore, labello lanceolate pinnatim-fimbriato, petalis interioribus fimbriato- incisis. Brown tnss. Orchis ciliaris. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 8. Andreios's rcposit. 42. Nat. of North America. % . I 478 ORCHIDEiG HORTI KEWENSIS. BARTHOLINA. Brown mss. Cor. ringens : petalis intevioribus inferne labello connatis. Labellum basi subtus calcaratum. Pedicelli poUinis elon- gati : loculis adnatis ; glandulis distinctis lobulo exteriore semitectis. 1. 'QkiBiinoiA^h pectinata. Brown mss. Orchis pectinata. Willden. sp.pl. 4>,p. 11. Orchis burmanniana. Swartz in Web. et Mohr archiv. I, p. 55, 2f. 3. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. 1/ . SERAPIAS. {Swartz in act. Stockholm. 1800, j». 223.) Brown mss. Cor. ringens. Labellum ecalcaratum. Colmnna cuspi- data. Pedicelli pollinis inseiti glandula unica cucuUo inclusa. 195] 1. S. Lingua, labello tripartite : laciniis lateralibus obtusis erectis conniventibus ; media oblonga lanceolata acutiuscula glabriuscula dependente. Wilcden. sp. pi. 4, p. 70. Orchis montana italica, flore ferrugineo, lingua oblonga. Moris, hist. 3, p. 495, s. 12, t. 14, /. 21. Nat. of the South of Europe. 1/ . 2. S. cordifjera, labello tripartite : laciniis lateralibus obtusis erectis conniventibus ; media ovata acuminata disco pilosa dependente. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 71. Andrews s reposit. 475. Nat, of Spain, Italy, and the Levant, ll. <■<»•■" <**— ORCHlDEiE IIORTI KRWKNSIS. 479 OPHRYS. Brown prodr. 313. Cor. subpatens. Labellum ecalcaratura. Glandula pol- linia cucullis distinctis inclusae. 1 . O. apifera, labello trifido : lobo medio majore semitri- fido : lacinia media longiore subulata deflexa. Broion mss. Ophrys apifera. Willden. sp.pl.4i,p. QQ. Curtis, lond. Engl. hot. 383. Nat. of England. % . 2. O. aranifera, labello trilobo: lateralibus abbreviatis obtusis ; medio retuso. Brown mss. Ophrys aranifera. jnilden. sp. pi. 4, p. 6G. Fngl. dot. e5. Nat. of England. 7/ . 3. O. musciferci, labello trifido: lobo medio majore [isc bilobo, anthera obtusa. Brown mss. Ophrys muscifera. Smit/i Jl, brit, 3, p. 937. Engl, hot. 64. Ophrys myodes. Willden. sp.pl. 4, p. 64. Andrews's reposit. 471. Nat. of England. % . SATYRIUM. {Swartz in act. Stockholm. 1800, p. 214.) Brown mss. Cor. ringens: petala 5 antica hasi connata. Lahelhm posticum, fornicatum, basi bicalcaratiim v. bisaccatum. An- thera resupinata. Stigma bilabiatiim. 1. S. cucullatum, foliis radicalibus binis cordato-subro- tnndis concavis ; caulinis remotis cucullatis subretusis, flori- bus cernuis. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 54. Orchis bicornis. Jndretvs's reposit. *6l 6. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. 7/ . iJBMi 480 ORCHIDEiG IIORTI KEWENSIS. 2, S. carneum, foliis radicalibus binis cordato-subrotundis; caulinis vaginseformibus approximatis, spica compacta, petalis extus carinatis. Orchis carnea. [ITort. Kew.] Edit, prior. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Fr. Masaon. li . DISA. Swartz in act. Stockholm. 1800,^;. 208. Cor. ringens : galea basi unicalcarata v. saccata petala interiora columnae accreta. Lahellum ecalcaratum. 197] 1. D. cornuta, galea obtusa; calcare coiiico deflexo, petalis iiiterioribus bidentatis, labello obvato velutino piano, spica laxa. Willden. sp. pi. 4<,p. 45. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. 1/ . 2. D. spathulata, galea erecta acuta, labello petiolato apice dilatato trifido, caule paucifloro, foliis linearibus. Willden. sp. pi. ^, p. 52. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. % . PTERYGODIUM. {Swartz in act. Stockholm. 1800, p. 217.) Brown mss. Cor. subringens : petala exteriora antica horizontalia concava. Lahellum columiise adnatura, bilabiatura. An- thercB loculis distantibus. Stigma adnatum. 1 . P. volucris, caule triphyllo, labello triangulari sagittato. Willden. sjj. pi. ^, p. 57. Nat. of the Cape of Good Hope. %. - H. ^M^//er« stigmati parallela persistens. Massa pollinis V. fariuaceae v. e corpusculis angulatis ; apicibus stigmati afiixse. I t ORCHIDE^- HORTI KKWRNSIS. 181 v. GOODYERA. Brown i/m. Cor. ringens : petalis exterioribus anticis labello inferne gibboso superne indiviso suppositis. Columna libera. Pollen angulatum. 1 . G. repens, foliis radicalibus ovatis, labello pctalisque [i»» lanceolatis. Brown mss. Neottia repens. Willden. sp. pi. ^,p.lb. Satyrium repens. Ettffl. hot. 289. Nat. of Scotland. 1/ . 1. G. pubescens, foliis radicalibus ovatis, labello ovato acuminato, petalis ovatis. Brown mss. Neottia pubescens. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 70. Nat. of North America. 1/ . NEOTTIA. {Swariz in act. Stockholm. 1800,;?. 224.) Brown prodr. 319. Cor. ringens : petalis exterioribus anticis labello imberbi suppositis ; interioribus conniventibus. Columna aptera. Pollen farinaceum. 1. N. «j»mo5«, labello lanceolato indiviso, scapo bracteato, bracteis flore longioribus, foliis oblongis margine apicem versus undulatis. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 72. Andrews's reposit. 3. Botan. mag. 1374. Nat. of the West Indies. 1/ . 2. N. orchioides, foliis radicalibus lato-lanceolatis, spica erecta labello basi cum petalis saccato ; lamina acuminata. Willden. sp. pi. 4), p. 75. Botan. may. 1036. Nat. of Jamaica. 7/ . 3. N. pictn, foliis radicalibus oblongo-lanceolatis, scapoLi»9 31 182 OHCHIDRifi HORTI KKWRNSIfl. hracteato, petal is anticis decurrentibus labello semiinfero ecalcarato suppositis. Neottia acaulis. Smith exot. hoi. 2, p. 91, f. 105. (vari- etas exscapn.) Nat. of Trinidad. Mr. Aleitander Anderson. % . 4. N. elata, labello obovato enmrginato, scapo vaginato, bracteis flore brevioribus, foliis ovatis petiolatia niargine plania. Willden. sp. pi. 4,jo. 72. Redoiiie liliac. 164. Neottia minor. Andretoas reposit. 376. Nat. of Guiana and the West Indies. % . 6. N. cernua, foliis lanceolatis trinerviis, caiile vaginato, flioribus recurvato-cernuis, labello oblongo integerrinio acuto. lFiUden.sp.pl. 4, p. 75. Nat. of North America. 1/ . 6. N. spiralis, foHis radicalibus oblongis subpetiolatis, spica tortili floribns secundis, labio ovato. Willden. sp. pi. 4,j». 73. Orhrys spiralis. Curtis lovd. Engl. hot. 541. Zht. of Britain. ?/ . PONTHIEVA. Brown mss. Cor. irregularis. Labellum posticura, cum petalis interi- oribiis cokunnae insertum. Pollen farinaceum. 200] 1. V. glandulosa, labello unguiculato aciiminato, petalis interioribus dimidiato-ovatis. Neottia glandulosa. Sims in botan. magaz. 842. Nat. of the West Indies. Mr. Alexander Anderson. % ■ DIURIS. {Smth. in linn. soc. transact. 4<, p. 222.) Brown prodr. 315. Cor. irregularis : petala 2 exteriora antica linearia labellc trifido supposita ; interiora unguiculata patula. Columna ; lobis lateralibus petaloideis. Pollen farinaceum. ORCHIDEA HORTI KKWENSI8. 488 1. D. aurea, labelli lacinia intermedin basi intus bicarinata Interalibus duplo longiore, petalis integerrimis : interioribiw ellipticis ocutis, foliis linearibus canaliculatis scapo breviori- bus. Brown prodr. 315. Diuris aurea. Smith eocot. hot. 1, /?. 15, /. 9 Nat. of New South Wales. % . THELYMITRA. Brown prodr. tiU. Cor. regularis. Lahellnm sessile petalis subconforme. Columna cucullata: lobis lateralibus penicillatis nudisve. Pollen farinacenm. 1. T. iwioidea, corolla patenti, cucuUi laciniis lateralibus penicillatis ; intermedia trifida : lobulis lateralibus apice erosis medio breviore bifido dorso cristato. Brown prodr. 314. Thelymitra ixioides. Willden.sp.pl. 4, p. 79. Smith mi exot. hot. 1, p. 55, t. 29. (absque maculis saturatioribus corollae.) Nat. of New South Wales. % . LISTERA. Brown mss. Cor. irregularis. Labellum bilobum. Columna aptera. Anthera basi inserta. Pollen farinacenm. 1. L. ovata, caule bifolio, foliis ovatis oppo o/. ra bus, floril)U8 erectis, lahello ncuto lineis elevntis uiidn- latia, germinihus p;lnbris. Willdcn. sp. pi. 4, p. 80. Serapias nil)ra. JtJiu/l. hoi. 437. Nat, of Britain. H . [«« POGONIA. Brown mns. Pogonioc spccioa. June. gen. 05. Laholhtm sessile, cucullatum, intus cristatum. Pctala 5 distincta cglaiululo.sa. Pollen furinaceiim. 1. P. divnricata, radice 8u})palmata, scapi folio brac- teaque lineari-oblongis, pctalis exterioribus lanceolate- lincaribus. Arethusa divaricatn. Willden. sp.pl. 4, p. 31. Lamarck illustr. t. 729,/. 3. Nat. of North America. 7/ . CALADENIA. JJrown proc/r. ^'2:\. Lahcllum subunguiculatum, disco giandulis seriatis. Pe^ tala extus glandulosa : posticuni planiusculiini ; quatuor antica pinna labello supposita. Pollen furinacciun. 1. C. alba, petalis acutiusculis, columna labelloque ex- vittatis, giandulis labelli biseriatis superioribus arcuatis capitulo concolori ; lobo medio longitudinaliter finibriato disco eglanduloso. Brown prodr. 323. Nat. of New South V/ales. Robert Brown. % . GLOSSODIA. Brown prodr. 325. Appendix inter labellum eglandulosum et columnara. Petala 5 patula aequalia. Pollen farinaceum. 1. G. major, appendice semibifida: lobis patentibus [204 acutis. Brown prodr. 326. Nat. oi New South Wales. Robert Brown. % . iitti wm 486 OAQHID^M UOKTI KKWKNSIS. PTEROSTYLIS. Brown prodr. 326. Labellum unguiculatum : lamina basi appendiculata v. gibbosa. Cor. ringens petalis anticis inferne connatis et ungui labelli accretis. Columna supeme alata. Pollen farinaceura. 1. P. ohtma, caule folioso unifloro lamina obtusa apice* baud angustata, appendice penicillata. Brown prodr. 327. Nat, of New South Wales. Robert Brown. % . CALEYA. (Caleana.) Brown prodr. 329. Labellum unguiculatum posticum: lamina peltata cava, foramiue exteriore. Pollen farinaceum 1. C. major, folio lanceolato-lineari piano, scapo medio unibracteato, lamina labelli l%vi : utraque extremitate an- gustata semiovata. Brown prod. 329. Nat. of New South Wales. Robert Brown. % • CALOPOGON. Broion mss. Labellum posticum, unguiculatum: lamina barbata. Petala 5 distincta. Columna libera. Pollen angulatum. 1. CaIjOtoqojh pulcAellus. Brown mss. 206] Cymbidium pulchellum. Willdeti. sp.pl. 4, p. 10b. Limodorum tuberosum. Curtis magaz. 116. Nat. of North America. 1/ . ARETHUSA. Brown mss. Aiethusae species, Swdirtz in act. Stockholm. 1800, p. 230. Labellum inferne cum columna conaatum; superne cu- cuUatum ; intus cristatum. Petala 5 basi connata. Pollen angulatum. OKCHID£i£ UORTI KEWENSIS. 487 apice* 327. 1. Arethusa bulbosa. Arethusa bulbosa. Willden. ep. pi. 4, p. 80. Helleborine mariana monanthos, flore longo purpura- scente liliaceo. Fluk. vnant. 100, t. 348,/. 7. Nat. of North America. X ■ • IV. Anthera terminalis mobilis decidua. Massa pollinis deiiium cereaceae. BLETIA. {Ruiz et Pavonprodr.Wd.) Brown mss. Labellum sessile, cucullatum ; nunc basi calcaratum. Petala 5 distincta. Columna libera. Massa pollinis, 8 v. 4 bilobae. 1. B. Tankervillice, labello calcarato indiviso: cornu abbreviato, foliis radicalibus ovato-lanceolatis. Brown mss. Limodorum Tankervilliae. [HorL Kew.] Edit, prior. 3, p. 302, t. 12. Willden. sp.pl. 4,jo. 122. Andrew^s reposit. Bedoute liliac. 43. Schneevoogt ic. 5. Nat of China. 1/ . 2. B. verecunda, labello ecalcarato : costis disci c^oe ramosis ; lobo medio latiore quam longo ; lateralibus superne angustioribus, scapo subramoso. Brown mss. Cymbidium verecundum. Willden. sp.pl. 4, jo. 105. Limodorum altiim. Botan. magaz. 930. Nat. of the West Indies. % . 3. B.Jlorida, labello ecalcarato : costis disci siniplicibus ; lobo medio subcuneiformi ; lateraUbus apice latiohbus, scapo subramoso. Brown mss. Cymbidium floridum. Salisb. prodr. 9. Limodorum purpureum. Redoute liliac. 83. Nat. of the West Indies. 1/ . 4. B. hyacinthina, labello ecalcarato imberbi, uiassis pollinis quatuor bilobis, caule folioso, floribus racemosis. Brown mss. 488 ORCHlDEiE HORTI K£WENSIS. C}^mbidiiun hyacinthinum. Smith exot. tot. 1, p. 117, t. 60. Botan. magaz. 1492. Nat. of China. Mr. William Ker. %. , 5. B. capitata, labello ecalcarato : prope basin intus callo adnato, caule folioso, floribus capitatis. Brown mas. Nat. of the West Indies. % . 307] GEODORUM. [Jackson in Andrews s reposit. 626.) Brown mss. Lahellum cucullato-ventricosum (nunc basi calcaratum,) sessile, cum columna non articulatum. Petala conformia subsecunda. MasscB pollinis 2, postice lobulo auctae. 1. G. purpureum, scapo foliis longiore, racemo pendulo : floribus alternis, labello ovato acuto picto. Brown mss. Malaxis nutans. Willden. sp.pl. 4, p. 93. Limodorum nutans. Bowb. corom. 1, p. 33, t. 40. Nat. of the East Indies. William Boxhurgh, M.D. 1/ . 2. G. citrinum^ scapo foliis breviore, spica pendula : floribus congestis, labello basi subcalcarato j apice obtuse integerrimo. Brown mss. Geodorum citrinum. Andrews's reposit. 626. Nat. of the East Indies. William Bowburgh, M.D. % . 3. G. dilatatum, scapo foliis breviore, spica pendula : floribus congestis, labello subcalcarato; apice dilatato cre- nulato. Broivn mss. Limodorum recurvum. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 124. Boxb. corom. \,p. 33, t. 39. Nat. of the East Indies. William Boxburgh, M.D. % . 2os] CALYPSO. (Salisb.paradis.Sd.) Broummss. LabeUvm ventricosuui prope apicem subtus calcaratum. ORCH:DEiE UORTT KBWEN8IS. 489 Petda adscendentia secunda. Columna petaloideo-dilatata. Masses pollhm 4. ] . C. americana, labello basi angustato subuiiguiculato : calcare semil)ifido laminam superante dentibus acuis, pe- dunculo germine longiore. Calypso borealis. Salisb. paradis. 89. (exclusis, ni fallor, synonymis.) Nat. of North America. % . MALAXIS. {Sivartz in act. Stockholm. 1800,j». 233.) Brown mss. Lahellmn explanatum indivisum sessile (saepius posticiim). Petala 5 angustiora, patula v. deflexa. Massa pollinis 4 parallelse, apicibus stigmati affixae. 1. M. paludosa, foliis subquaternis apice scabris, scapo pentagono, labello concavo acuto. Willden. sp.pl. 4, p. 91. i%/. 6ot. 72. Nat. of England. H . 2. M. Loeselii, foliis binis ovato-lanceolatis, scapo trigono, labello apice ovato recurvato. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 93. Ophrys Loeselii. En^l. hot. 47. Nat. of England. 1/ . 3. M. lilifolia, foliis binis ovato-lanceolatis, sca[)o tri- quetro, petalis interioribus reflexis discoloribus, labello concavo obovato apice acuto. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 92. [209 Ophrys lilifolia. Andrews s reposit. G5. Nat. of North America % . !i CORALLORRHIZA. {Hall. hist. 2, p. 1^9.) Brown niss. Labellum basi productum : calcare adnato v. libero. Columna libera. Mm^fice pollinis 4 obliquae (ncc parallelae). mmmtmmmmm 490 ORCHlDEiE UORTI KEWENSIS. 1. C, innata, calcare abbreviate omnino adnato. Cymbidium Corallorhizon. IFillden. sp. pi. 4,j». 109. Ophrys corallorhiza. En^l. hot. 1547. Nat. of Scotland. % . ISOCHILUS. Brown rtm. Lahellmn petalis distinctis conn'-entibiis subcoiiforme. MasscB pollinis 4, parallelae. 1. I. linearis, spica terininali, foliis distichis linearibus obtusis emarginatis, caule sirnplici. Cymbidium lineare. Willden. sp. pi. ^,p. 97. Epidendrum lineare. Jacqu. amer. 221, t. 131,/. 1. Nat. of the West Indies. % . 2. I. proli/er, floribus axillaribus, foliis distichis lanceo- lato-oblongis, caule prolifero ; bulbis axillaribus diphyllis. 310] Cymbidium proliferum. Willdefi. sp. pi. 4, jw. 95. Nat. of the West Indies. % . ORNITHIDIUM. {Salisb. in hort. soc. transact. \,p. 293, absque charactere.) Brown mss. Lahellmn sessile cucullatum cum basicolumnaeconnatum. Petala couniventia. Masses pollinis 4, obliquae, postice sulcatse. 1. Ornithididm coccineum. Ornithidium coccineum. Salisb. in hort. soc. transact. 1, p. 293. Cymbidium coccineum. JFillden.sp.pl. Ai, p. ^^. Botan. magaz. 1437. Nat. of the West Indies. 1/ . ill OHCHiUEifi: HOKTI KliWENSIS. 491 STELIS. {Swartz in Schrader's Journal 1799, 2 band, p. 239.) BrovM mss. Lahellum petalis interioribus nanis s ibfornicatis conforme. Petala 3 exteriora basiconnata. Massa poUinis 2. 1. S. ophiofflossoidea, oaule unifolio, folio oblongo-lanceo- lato racemum subsequante, fioribus trigonis. Willden, sp. pi 4,j». 138. Epidendmoi ophioglossoides. Jacqu. amer. 325, t. 133, /. 2. Nat. of the West Indies. 7/ . 2. S. micrantha, caule unifolio elongato, folio lato-lan- ceolato racenio breviore, floribus hexagonis. Wilidcji. [211 sp.pl. 4, p. 139. Stelis uiicrantha. Smith ewot. hot. 2, j». 31, t. 75. Nat. of Jamaica. % . ' ;r PLEUROTHALLIS. Brown mss. Labellum articulatim connexum cum basi simplici v. bre- vissime producta columnae. Petala 2 antica exteriorum inferne connata. Massa pollinis 2, exsulcse. 1. P. ruscifolia, caule elongato unifolio, folio ovato-lanceo- lato, floribus in sinu folii aggregatis. Brown mss. Dendrobium ruscifolium. Willden. sp.pl. 4, p. 135. Epidendrum ruscifolium. Jacqu. amer. 226, t. 133,/. 3. Nat. of the West Indies. 7/ . OCrOMERIA. Brown mss. Labellum articulatum cum processu unguiformi, cujus lateribus petala antica adnata. Massce poUinis 8. 1 . O. graminifoliat caule elongato unifolio, folio lanceolate, pedunculis geminatis unifloris, radice repente. •.^J^MMiMlM memmam 'ft •■A 4m ORCHIDK^ HORTI KRWKNSI8. Dendrobhim grarninifolium. JFtllden. sp. pi. 4, p. 135. Hellcborine grnniinea repens biflora. Plum. ic. 176,/. 1. Nat. of the West Indies. 1/ . 2I2J AE RIDES. {SioaHz in Sc/irndcrs journal 1799, 2 hand, p. 233.) Brown mss. LabeUum (lalcaratiim v. saccatum, insertuiii apice pro- cessus iiiiguiformis, cujus lateribus petala antica exteriorum adnata. Massa poIUnis 2 postice biloba), processu cominuni stigniatis medio aHixtc. 1. A. odoratum, calcarc adscendente conico-snbulato, labelli lobo medio lateralibus breviore, foliis retusis. Aerides odoratum. Willden. sp. pi. 4,/'. 131. Nat. of China. 1/ . DENDROBIUM. {Swartz in nov. act. upsal. 6, p. 82.) Brown mss. LabeUum ecalcaratiim, articulatura cum apice processus unguiforniis, cujus lateribus petala antica adnata, calcar aeinulantia. Massce poUinis 4, parallelae. 1. D. spcciosum, caulibus erectis apice 2-3-phyliis, foHis ovali-oblongis racemo terminali multifloro brevioribus, petalis angusto-oblongis, labello infra divisuramcariniaunica; lobo interraedio ecarinato dilatato. Brown prodr. 332. Dendrobium speciosum. Smith exot. hot. I, p. 17, t. 10. Nat. of New South Wales. 1/ . 2. D. linguiforme, caulibus repentibus, foliis ovalibus obtusis depressis carnosis racemo aliquoties brevioribus, 213] petalis elongato-linearibus acutis, labelli lobo medio undulato tricarinato. Brown prodr. Z'^'^. Dendrobium linguiforme. Smith exot. hot. 1, j». 19, /. 11. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 138. iVfl/. of New South Wales. 1/ . ...:.. f^: ORCUIDfTlJ HORTI KEWKN8I8. 493 '.135. J,/ J. >y. 3. D. Barrinfftoni(Sy foliis aubternis oblongis iiervosis biilbo innatis, scapo subunifloro vaginato. Willdcn. sp. pi. 4, ;/. 132. Epidendrum Barriugtonia). Smith ic. pict. 25. Nat. of the West Indies. % . CYMBIDIUM. Brown ma-t. Cyrnbidii species. Swart z in nov. act. upsa/. G, p. 70. Lahellum ecalcaratum concavum, ciiin basi (simplici nee producta) columna3 articulatum. Fetala patentiti distincta. Massa pollinis 2, postice bilobae. * Cymbidia vera. 1. C. atoifolium, foliis radicalibus lato-linearibus canali- culatis carnosis apice retusis, scapis niultifloris pendiiiis. Cynibidium aloifolimn. Willden. sp. j)l. 4, />. 101. Epidendrum aloifolium. Curtis mayaz. 387. Redoute liliac. 144. Nat. of the East Indies. % . 2. C ensi/otitwf, foliis radicalibus ensiforniibus nervosis, sca|)0 tereti paucifloro, labello ovato sub-recurvato niaculato. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 110. Epidendrum ensifolium. Smit/i spicil. 22, t. 24, czu Andrews s reposit. 344. Epidendrum sinense. Bedoute liliac. 113. Nat. of China and Japan. % . 3. C. sinense, foliis radicalibus ensiforniibus nervosis, scapo paucifloro, floribus secundis, petalis striatis : tribus exterioribus reflexis, labello oblongo obtuso reflexo. Will- den. sp. pl.^, p. 111. ^ Epidendrum sinense. Andreioss reposit. 216. Botan. magaz. 888. Nat. of China. "V • 4. G. pramorsim, caulescens, foliis remotiusculis distichis 494 ORCHIDEiE HORTI KEWENSI8. lato-linearibus canaliculatis apice prsemorsis, spicis oppositi- foliis. WiUden. sp. pi. 4, p. 103. Epidendrum praeraorsum. Booob. corom. \,p. 34, t. 43. Nat. of the East Indies. William Roxburgh^ M.D. % . ** Cymbidiiim spurium. 5. C. tripterum, acaule, foliis bulbo innatis radicalibua vaginatis, scapis multifloris, geiTnine trialato. Willden. sp. pi. 4,jo. 94. Epidendrum tripterum. Smith ic.pict. 14. Nat. of Jamaica. 11 . 915] BRASSIA. Brown mss. Labellum explanatum indivisum. Petala patula distincta. Colmnna aptera. Massa pollinis 2, postice bilobse; medio affixae processu communi stigmatis. 1. Brassia maculata. Brown nms. Nat. of Jamaica. 1/ . ONCIDIUM. {Swarf z in act Stockholm. 1800, p. 239.) Brown mss. I Labellum. explanatum lobatum basi tuberculatum. Petala patentia (2 antica nunc connata). Columna alata. Massa pollinis 2, postice bilobae ; medio affixae processu communi stigmatis. 1. O. altissimuniy petalis lanceolatis labello longioribus : anticis distinctis, scapo paniculato. Oncidium altissimum. Willden. sp. pi. 4, jo. 1 1 2. Epidendrum altissimum. Jacqu. amer. 229, t 141. Nat. of the West Indies. "V . * 2. O. carthagenense, petalis obovatis unguiculatis labello parum brevioribus anticis distinctis scapo paniculato. ORCHlDEiE HORTl KEWEN8I8. , 495 Oncidium carthagenense. Willden. sp. pi. 4, j». 112. Epidendmni undulatum. Botan. magaz. 777. Nat. of the West Indies. % . 3. O. bifotium, petalis obovatis undulatis : anticis con- caw natis, labello petalis longiore : lobo medio dilatato-reni- formi semibifido, scapo racemoso, bulbis diphyllis. Oncidium bifolinm. Sims in Botan. magaz. 1491. Nat. of South America. % . 4. O. triquetrum, petahs acutis : anticis connatis, labelli lobo medio subrotundo indiviso, scapo racemoso, fohis triquetris. Cymbidium triquetrum. Willden, sp. pi. 4, p. 104. Nat. of Jamaica. % . « ; !i CYRTOPODIUM. Brown nm. Labellum ungue geniculato; lamina 3-partita. Petala 5 distincta. Massa pollinis 2 postice bilobae. 1. Cyrtopodium Andersonii. Brown mss. Cymbidium Andersonii. Lambert in Andreioas reposit. G51. Nat. of the West Indies. Mr. Alex. Anderson. % . BRASSAVOLA. Brown mss. Labellum ungue simplici ; lamina indivisa. tincta patula. Massa pollinis 8 (vel plures!). Petala dis- 1. B. cucullata, caule nnifloro, lamina labelli ciliata. Cymbidium cuculiatum. Willden. sp.pl. 4, p. 100. Epidendrum cuculiatum. Botan. magaz. 543. Nat. of the West Indies. 7/ . [217 ■irjirwirtwi 496 ORCHIDK^G HORTI KRWKN8IS. BROUGHTONIA. Brown mss. Columna libera v, basi tantiim connata /ai6'//o unguiculato (nunc inferne prodiicto in tubulum ovario adnatum). Masses pollinis 4 parallelae, septis conipletis persistentibus distinctse, basi filo granulate elastico auctee. 1. B. sanffuinea, foliis gerainis oblongis bulbo innatis, scapo diviso. Brown mss. l)endrobium sanguineum. Willden. sp. pi. 4,j». 132. Viscuni radice bulbosa minus, delphinii flore rubro specioso. Sloan, jam. \,p. 250, t. 121,/. 2. Nat. of Jamaica. 1/ . ti EPIDENDRUM. {Swartz in nov. net. wpsal. G, p. 66.) Brown ntss. Columna cum ungue labelli longitudinaliter connata in tubum (quandoque decurrentem ovarium). Masses pollinis 4 parallelae, septis completis persistentibus distinctae, basi filo granulato elastico auctae. 1. E. cochleatum, foliis geminis oblongis bulbo innatis, scapo elongato, lamina labelli cordaJ;a obtusa. Willden. sp, pi. 4,/?. 114. Andrews's reposit. 13. Botan.magaz. 572. Nat. of the West Indies. % . 2. E. fragrans, folio lanceolato bulbo innato, scapo [izie abbreviato multifloro, lamina labelli cordata acuminata. Epidendrum fragrans. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 114. An- drews s reposit. 645. Epidendrum cochleatum. Ci/rtis magaz. Ib2. Nat, of Jamaica. 11 . 3. E. secundum, caule simplici, foliis oblongis emarginatis, pedunculo terminali longissinio, spica laxa secunda, columna longitudine petalorum. Willden. sp.pl. 4, p. 119. OHCUlDE.£ HUKTl KEWKN8IS. 497 Epidendrmn secundum. Jacq. amcr. 224, /. 137. Nat. of the West Indies. )/ . 4. E. fmcatum, caule simplici, foliis oblongis acumina- tisve, pedunculo terminali elongate, spica globosa, columna petalis breviore. Willden. sp. pi. 4, p. 120. Smit/i spicil. 2 ] , t. 23. Nat. of the West Indies. % . 5. E. eloHffatum, caule simplici, foliis oblongis, pedunculo terminali elongato, spica laxa, lamina labelli dentato-ciliato. Willden. 8p.pl. 4, p. 120. Botan. magaz. 611. Nat. of the West Indies. 7/ . 0. E. uiiibeUatuiti , caule simplici, foliis oblongis subemar- ginatis, floribus in sinu folii terminalis confertis, lamina [aw labelli triloba : lobo intermedio emarginato. Willden, sp. pi. 4, p. 117. Nat. of Jamaica. % . 7. E. nutans, caule simplici, foliis ovato-lanceolatis am- plexicaulibus, floribus suspicatis nutantibus, lamina labelli triloba: lobo intermedio tridentato. Willden. sp.pl. 4, p. 117. Nat. of Jamaica. Arthur Broughton, M.D. % . 8. E. conopseum, caule simplici, floribus spicatis erectis, lamina labelli triloba : medio retuso, petalis interioribus angustioribus, foliis lanceolatis. Nat. of Florida. Mr. William Bartram. % . 9. E. ciliare, caule simplici, foliis binis oblongis aveniis, lamina labelli tripartita : lacinia intermedia lineari. Will- den. sp.pl. 4, p. 119. Botan. magaz. 463. Redoute liliac. 82. Nat. of the West Indies. % . VANILLA {Swartz in nov. act. upsal. 6, p. 66.) Brown mss. Cor. cum germine articulata decidua 1 Labelluin infeme 32 I 408 URCUIDKiE HOKTI KUWKN818. MO] columna connatuni. Masttee polUnis granuloste. Cnv- aula carnosa. Semina globosn aptera. 1. V. aromaticay foliis ovato-oblongis nervosis, petnlis un iulatis, labello acuto, capsulis cylindraceis longissimis. Vanilla aromatica. Willden. sp. pi. 4, /?. 121. Vanilla flore viridi et albo, fructu nigricante. Plum. ic. 183, /. LS8. Nat, of South America. >? . 2. V. planifoUa, foliis oblongo-laiiceohitis phinis obsolete striatis, labello retuso. Vanilla planifolia. Andrews s reposU. 538. Myrobronia fragrans. Salwb. paradis. 82. Nat. of the West Indies. 1/ . !i DIANUEIA. CYPRIPEDIUM. {Sicartz in act. Stockholm. 1800, p. 250.) Brown mss. Labellum ventricosum, inflatum (nunc saccatuni). Co- lumna postice terminata lobo petaloideo (stamine sterili), antheras distinguente. Petala 2 antica saepius connata. 1. C. Calceolus, caule folioso, lobo columnae elliptico obtuso, labello petalis breviore compresso. Willden. sp. pi. 4, jo. 142. £n^l. dot. 1. 17 dan. 999. Redoute liliac. 19. Nat. of England. % • 221] 2. C parviflorum, caule folioso, lobo columnae trian- gulari acuto, labello petalis breviore compresso. Willden. sp.pl. 4, jo. 143. .Cypripedium parviflorum. Botan. magaz. 911. Nat. of North America. 1/ . . 3. C: pubescens, caule folioso, lobo styli triangulari-ob- ORCUIDEiB HORTI KEWEN8I8. 49U longo-obtuso, labello pctalis breviore compresso. Willden. 8/j. pi. 4, p. 143. Cypripedium pubescens. Willden. hort. bcrolin. 13. Cypripediuin flavescens, RedouU liliac. 20. Nat. of North America. % . 4. C. spectabile, caule folioao, lobo styli cUiptico cordato obtuao, labello petalis obtusis loiigiore antice fisso. jnil- den. 8p. pi. 4, p. 143. Cypripedium album. Curlis mayaz. 210. Schuemogt ic. 2. Nat. of North America. 1/ . 5. C. humile, scapo aphyllo unifloro, foliis radicalibus geminis oblongis obtusis, lobo columnae subrotundo- rhombeo acuminato deflexo, labello petalis lanceolatis lon- giore antice fisso. Willden. ap. pi. 4, p. 144. Cypripedium acaule. Curtis magaz. 192. Nat. of North America. 7/ . 0. C. arietinum, corollis pentapetalis, labello saccato- [222 calcarato, caule folioso. Nat. of North America. % . li GENERA ET SPECIES PLANTAllUM E VARUS FAMILIIS, qvM IN HORTO KEWENSI COLUNTUR. [Extracted from 'Hortus KewensUy Ind Edition, Fol. Ill, IV, Sf F.] LONDON. 1811—1813. PLANTS VATMiE HORTI KEWENSIS. ANISOMELES. Brown prodr. 503. [iii S64 Col. 5-fidiis. Cor. labium superius abbreviatum, inte- grum ; inferius trifidum : lacinia media biloba. Stam. ex- serta, approximata : Anthcrm breviorum biloculares, lobis parallelis ; longiorum dimidiatse v. dissimiles. 1. A. ovata, foliis ovatis subcordatis crenatis, verticillis multifloris, bracteis linearibus, calcycibus pilosis : glandulis inconspicuis. Nepeta indica. Linn. sp. pi. 799 (exclusis synonymis). Willden. sp. pi. 3, j». 57. Ballota disticha. \Hort. Kew.l Edit. j)rior. 2, p. 304. lAnn. mant. 83 ? Marrubium odoratissimum betonicse folio. Burm. zeyl. 153, t. nj. 1. Nat. of the East Indies. O , PYCNANTHEMUM. Michaux amer. 2,p. 1. \Mi.m Brachystemum, Michaux amer. 2, p. 5. Cal. 5-fidus. Cor. labium inferius lacinia media longiore Stam. distantia : antherarum loculis parallelis. Involucrum capituli multibracteatum. 1. P. i?icanum, staminibus exsertis, foliis oblongo-ovatis acutis subserratis tomentosis, capitulis compositis : latera- libus pedunculatis. Pycnanthemum incanum. Michaitx amer. 2, p. 7. Clinopodium incanum. Willden. sp.pl. "6, p. [132]. % 1*1 111 ii I ■»..,:. 504 PLANTiE VARIiE HORTI KEWENSIS. Clinopodiiim raenthse folio incanum et odoratum. Dill. elt1i:m,t 74,/. 85. Nat. of North America. 1/ . iii.377] 2. P. aristatum, staminibus exsertis, foliis lanceo- latis, capitulis sessilibus, bracteis aristatis. Pycnanthemum aristatuin. Michaux amer. 2, p. 8, t 33. Nepeta virginica. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 56. Nat. of North America. % . 3. P. virginicim, staminibus inclusis, foliis lanceolatis linearibusve integerrimis, capitulis subcorymbosis. Brachystemum virginicum. Michaux amer. 2, p. 6. Thymus virginicus. Willden. sp.pl. 3, jo. 145. Satureja virginiana, floribus in summitate. Herm. parad. 218, cum tab. Nat. of North America. 1/ . CAPRARIA. Gen.pl. 1030. iv. «] 1. C. hijlora, glabra, foliis alternis lanceolatis ser- ratis, floribus geminis, calycis laciniis subulatis, corollae fauce imberbi. Capraria biflora, Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 323. Jacqu. amer. 182, t. 115. Nat. of South America. ^ . 2. C. ciineata, pilosa, foliis alternis rhombeo-cunei- formibus inciso-serratis, floribus geminis, calycis laciniis linearibus : pilis capitatis, corollae fauce imberbi. Erinus frutescens. Mill. diet. ed. 8. Nat. of South America. ^ . iv. 62] STEMODIA. Gen.pl. 1043. Cal. 5 -part. Cor. bilabiata. Anther ce lobis distantibus. Caps, bilocularis. 1. S. parviflora, procumbens ramosissima pubescens, foliis ternatis petiolatis ovatis crenatis. r PLANTiB VARI^, HORTI KEWENSIS. 505 Erinus verticillatiis. Mill, diet. ed. S, Nat. of South America. ^ . MAZUS. Lovr. cochinch. 385. Brown prodr. 439. [ivss Cat. 5-fid. campanulatus. Cor. ringens : labio superiore semibilobo; inferiore 3-fido, basi bigibboso. Caps, biloc. bivalvis : valvis integris, medio septiferis. 1. M. rugosus, racemolaxo caulem paiicifoliura superante, calycibus pubesceiitibus : fructiferis auctis. Mazus rugosus. Lour, cochinch. 385. Lindernia japonica. Willden. sp. pi. 3,/?. 320. Nat. of China and Japan. © . CROSS ANDRA. Salish.paradis.Vl. Brown prodr. [ivs* 475, in obs. Cal. 5-part. insequalis. Cor. unilabiata. Stam. inclusa: ^w^^em unilocularibus. (7flj»s. biloc. bivalvis: dissepimento contrario. Seniina retinaculis subtensa. 1. Cross ANDRA undulcefolia. Salisb. paradis. 12. Ruellia infundibuliformis. Andrews's reposit. 542. Justicia infundibuliformis. Willden. sp. pi. I,j0. 99. Nat. of the East Indies. ^ . APHELANDRA. Brown prodr. ^Iby'm oh^. civ.ss Cal. 5-part. inaequalis. Cor. bilabiata. Anthera uni- loculares ! Ca2)s. biloc. bivalvis : dissepimento contrario. Semina retinaculis subtensa. 1. A. cristata, foliis ellipticis oblongisve acuminatis, spicis tetragonis, bracteis ovatis integerrimis, coroUis glabris. Justicia cristata. Jacqu. hort. schcenbr. 3, p. 38, t. 320. Justicia pulcherrima. Willden. sp. jd. 1, />. 86. Justicia tetragona. Willden. sp. pi. 1, j». 85. '^ % i\ \ ■,sf 506 PliANTiE VARI^ HORTI KEWEN8I8. Justicia arborea. Mill. diet. ed. 8. Ruellia cristata. Andrews' sreposit. 506. Nat. of the West Indies. ^ . BLECHUM. Brown prodr.^1 ^,\nohs. Blechi species. Jussieu in annates du mus. 9, p. 269. Cal. 5-part. aequalis. Cor. infundibuliformis. Caps. subbilocularis, bivalvis : dissepimenti contrarii segraentis demum liberis. Semina plura, retinaculis subtensa. 1. B. Brownei^ foliis ovato-ellipticis subdentatis, spicis tetragonis, bracteis ovatis pubescentibus. Blechum Brownei. Jussieu in annates du mus. 9, p. 270. Ruellia Blechum. TFillden. sp. pi. S,p. 362. Trunella elatior, flore albo. Sloan, jam. 1, p. 173, /. 109,/ 1. Nat. of the West Indies. 1/ . iv. 61] BONTIA. Brown prodr. 517, in obs. Cal. 5-part. Cor. ringens : labio superiore eraarginato ; inferiore trifido. Stigma bilobum. Brupa putamine bilo- culari : loculis bipartitis 4-sperrais. 1. BoNTiA daphnoides. TFillden. sp. pi. S,p. 394. Bontia laureolae facie. Bill. elth. 57, t. 49,/. 57. Nat. of the West Indies. ^ . : ;■ iv. 62] VOLKAMERIA. Gen.pl. 1050. Cal. 5-fidus. Cor. tubo cylindrico; lirabo 5-part. laciniis aequalibus subsecundis. /Sy^w/. exserta adscendentia. Bacca dipyrena : ossiculis bilocularibus. 1. VoLKAMERiA aculcata. Volkameria aculeata. Willden. sp.pl. 3, jo. 383. PLANTjE VARI^ HORTI KEWEN8IS. 507 Clerodendrum fruticosum spinosum, foliis inferioribus confertis, superioribus oppositis; pedunculis tripartitis trifloris alaribus. Brown jam. 262, t. 20,/. 2. Nat. of the West Indies, f? . Obs. Genus vix distinctum a Clerodendro. CLERODENDRUM. Brown prodr. 510. Cal. 5-fid.(nunc 5-dent.) Cor. tubo cylindrico; limbo [iv.es 5-partito patenti laciniis subaequalibus. Sfam. juxta faucem inserta, exserta, adscendentia : antherarum loculis paral- lelis. Bacca pyrenis 4 nionospermis. 1. Qj. fragrana, tomentosum, foliis subcordatis dentatis basi glandulosis, corymbis terminalibus densis hemi- sphaericis. Venten. malmais. 70 (floribus simplicibus.) Volkmannia japonica. Jacqu. hort. schoenbr. 3, p. 48, /. 338 (floribus plenis). Nat. of Japan and China. ^ . 2. C. viscosum, tomentosum, foliis cordatis dentatis, corymbo terminali paniculato, calycibus viscosis laxis dimidio tubi corollae longioribus. Clerodendrum viscosum. Venten. malmais. 25. Peragu. Rheed. mal. 2,/?. 41, t. 25. Nat. of the East Indies. William Roxburgh, M.D. h . 3. C. squamatum, foliis cordatis denticulatis subtus squamatis, panicula terminali divaricata, pedunculis caly- cibusque coloratis glabris, staminibus corolla tota longi- oribus. Clerodendrum squamatum. Willden. 8p.pl.^,p. 385. Volkameria Kaempferi. Willden, sp. pi. 3, p. 385. Volkameria Ksempferiana. Jacqu. ic. 3, t. 500. Nat. of China and Japan, h . 4. C. paniculatumy foliis cordatis quinquelobis sub- denticulatis glabris; summis saepius indivisis, panicula iv. 64] brachiata, corollse tubo calycem multoties superante. f.» \ I»l 508 PLANTiE VARIyE HORTI KKWENSIS. Clerodendrum paniculatnm. Willdcn. sp.pl. S,p. 388. Clerodendmin pyramidale. Jndreics's reposit. 628. Nat. of Java and Pulo Pinang. »r . 5. C. tomenfosum, foliis ellipticis acutis integris, calyci- busqiie tomentosis : fructiferis auctis incrassatis coloratis, coryjiibis congestis. Brown prodr. 510. Andreima re- posit. 007. Volkameria tomentosa. Venten. malmais. 84 ? Nat. of New South Wales. ^ . 6. C. ligustrinum, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis integerrimis, petiolis pedunculis calycibusque (5-fidis) hirsutis, corymbis axillaribns, corollse tubo limbiim vix aequante. Volkameria ligustrina. Trillden.sp.pl.3,p.SSS. Jacqu. collect, suppl. 117,/. 5,/ 1. Nat. of the Island of Mauritius. >: . 7. C. heterophyllmn, foliis lanceolatis lineari-lanceolatisve integerrimis glaberrimis, corymbis axillaribus terminalibus- que, calycibus 5-dentatis pedunculisque glabris, corollae tubo limbum vix aequante. Volkameria heterophylla. Poiret in encycl. botan, 8, p. 687. Volkameria angustifolia. Andreioss reposit. 554. Nat. of the Island of Mauritius. ^ . W.65] 8. C. inerme, foliis ovatis ovalibusve integerrimis calycibusque (6-dentatis) glabris, corymbis axillaribus, corollse tubo hmbum aliquoties superante. Browfi prodr. 514. Volkameria inermis. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 383. Jacqu. collect, suppl. 117, t. 4,/. 1. Nat. of the East Indies. ^ . 9. C. Sip/ionant/ms, foliis verticillatis elongato-lanceolatis integris glabris, corymbis axillaribus paucifloris, corollis longissimis. Siphonanthus indica. JFillden. sp.pl. \,p. 006. I'LANTA; VAUIJi H(UITI KEWENSIS. 50U Siphonaiitlius anj^ustitblm. Willden. xp. pi. V, p. (iOG. Ovieda initis. IFilldcu. up. pi. '6, p. 3^:2. Buna, ind. 130, /. 43,/ 1. Nat. of the East Indies. WiUiuiii Roxburoh, M.D, h . JVIELHANLV. Ford-. dcHcr. 04. [iv. 146 Cal. duplex : exterior 3-piiyllus (nunc caduciis). Cor. 5-petaIa. Filamenta 5 alterna sterilia. Capsula 5-locul. polysperma : dissepimentis coiitrariis. 1. M. Erytkroxijlon, calyce exteriore cadiico; iuteriorc intiis sericeo petalis dimidio breviore, foliis cordatis creiiato- repandis : subtus reticulatis toinentosis. Pentapetes Erythroxylon. [IIorL Kew.] Fait, prior 2, p. 438. Dombeya Erytiiroxylou. Willden. sp. pi. 3, p. 725. Bolmi. Matjaz. 1000. Nat. of the Island of St. Helena, i? . 2. M. Melanoxylon, calyce exteriore caduro ; interiore intus glabro petalis parum breviore, foliis cordatis integer- riniis utrinque tonieiitosis Isevibus. Alcca arbor populnea fronde tota argentea quinque- capsularis, sen Ebeniis viridis. Pluk. mant. 0, /. 333, /". 5. Nat. of the Island of St. Helena, h . > ; .(' ABROMA. Gen.jil. 1217. [iv WO Cat. 5-part. Petala 5 unguibus dilatatis saccatis. Sfa- minum urceolus 10-tidus: laciniis 3-antlieriferis ; 5 alternis petaloideis. Styli 5. Caps. 3-loc. 5-alata, polysperma. 1. A. augusta, rarais tomentosis Isevibus, foliis adnltis subtus pube simplicissima, capsulee alis apice truncatis : angulo exteriore acutiusculo. Abroma augusta. Willden. sp. pi. 3, jo. 1424. Abronia AVheleri. Willden. sp. pi. S, p. 1425. Abroma fastuosum. Jacqti. hort. vindob. S, p. 3, A 1. Nat. of the East Indies. ^ . 610 PLANTiE VAllIiE HORTI KEWENSIS. 2. A. fastuosa, rnmis muricatis, foliis adultis subtus pube simplici et stellari, capsulae alis apice subtruncatis : angulo exterioie elongato-acuminato. Brown mas. Abroma fastuosiiin. Salisb. paradis. 102. Nat. of New South Wales and the Moluccas. ^ . V. 6^9] TRICHOMANES. Gen.pl, 1635. Sorus marginalis receptaculo columnar! saepius setiformi insertus. Indusimn urceolato-campanulatum monophylluni erectum scrum includens. / 1. T. brevisetum, frondibus 2 — 4-pinnatifidis glabris: pinnulis unifloris : laciniis linearibus margine integerrimis, involucris turbinato-oblongis apteris : apice simplici indiviso, columella subinclusa, stipite alata. Brown mss. Hymenophyllum alatum. Willden. sp. pi. 5, p. 526. Enffl. hot. 1417. Nat. of Britain. % . EXTRACTS FUOM DR. RICILVRDSON'S BOTANICAL APPENDIX TO TllK t' "NARRATIVE OF A JOURNEY TO THE SHORES OF THE POLAR SEA. Mii iiy CAPTAIN FRANKLIN." AND ADDENDA MX ROBERT BROWN, F.R.S. [Pp. 729—768.] LONDON. 1823. PLANTH FKUM TllK A P P E N D [ X TO CAPTATN FRANKLIN'S NARUATTVK. ['* In drawing up the list, imperfect as it is, I have received ,., rnuch assistance from able botanists. 'W' Mr. Brown I am under the greatest obligations, not only for the liberal use of the Herbarium and Library, which, so happily for sci- ence, have been placed in his possession ; but also for the friendly manner in which he aided my researches, and con- descended to solve the doubts so frequently presenting themselves to one Uttle versant in these pursuits. In addi- tion to this general assistance, he kindly superintended the botanical drawings, and has enriched ray catalogue with the lists of the Cyperoideae (including the Carices), the Gramineae, Junci, and Filices, and, with the accounts of the genera Eutoca, Heuchera, and Cryptogramma." — Dr. Richardson.] 12. Eleocharis palustris, Boetn. et Sc/t. Syst. ii, [2 p. 151. Scirpus palustris, Willd. i, p. 291. Pursh, i, p. 54. (W.)^ 13. Scirpus c(espitosus, Willd. '\,p. 292. (VV.B.)'' 14. S. LACUSTRis, ^«7/ifiKimm''fimmm ""■""■"■■"■■•iManinpiii NAMES OF AND NOTES ON INDIAN PLANTS, BY ROBERT BROWN, Esq., D.C.L.,F.R.S., V.P.L.S., &c. [^Extracted from 'A Numerical List of Dried Specimens of Plants in the East India Company's Museum, collected under the superin- tendence of Dr. JVallich.'] LONDON. 1828—1849. 84 '"^•mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmim mmmmm NAME8 OF AND NOTES ON INDIAN PLANTS. No. 184. 280. 287. 293. 815. 819. 820. 821. 826. 829. 832. 833. 830. 838. 840. 842. 844. 840. 847. 848. For Pn inopferis substitute Matonia pecHnata, Brown (correction at p. 23). Polypodiuiii Horsfic'ldu, R. Brown MSS. Polypod'mui IFallirhii, R. Brown MSS. Duae species sub nomine Polt/podium propinquum, Wall. ; quar. altera Polopod. melanopus Brown MSS. (correction at p. S3). Ahelia trijtora, Brown. Knoxia teres, Br. MSS. Knoxia mollis, Brown. Knoxia brachi/cnrpa. Brown. Spermacoce lonyicaidis. Brown. Spermacoce ramosissima. Brown. Sperm.a''oce lasiocarpa. Brown. Sp. stricta, Roxb. et Heynd vix Linn, (ex R. Br.). Speniiaccce teth -o. Brown. Sperw. ocymoides^ Heyne laud Buiui. (MSS. Br.). Spermacoce tubularis. Brown. Sp. hirta, Heyne baud Linnaei (MSS. Brownii). HedyoHs polycarpa, Br. Hedyotis voluhilis. Brown. H. scandens, Wall. apud Roxb. (MSS. Br.). HedyoHs cep/ialophora, Brown. Hedyotis conyesin, Br. f3 Imigif^ia, Br. Hedyotis W'-r Hedyotis v ^rii,i, Br. Hcd. ? glaarn^ Br. rephtim, Ir. 533 NAMES OF AND NOTES No. 849. 852. 853. 854. 864. 865. 867. 868. 869. 870. 873. 874. 875. 876. 879. 881. 884. 885. 886. 6195. 1915 2170 2702 3538 3651 3652 3719 3764 3765 > In a Hedyotis costaia, Br. Hedyotis approwiinata, Br. Hed. atylosa, Br. Hedyotis articularis, Br. Hedyotis? arguta, Brown. Hedyotis? elonyata, Br. Hed. Heynii, Br. Oldenlandia herbacea, Heyiie et Roxb. hand Linn. (Brown). Hed. Burmanniatia, Br. Oldenlandia bijlora, Roxb. baud Linn. (Brown). Hedyotis extensa. Brown. Hedyotis linarifolia, Brown. Hedyot. alsinifolia, Brown. Hedyot. brachypoda, Br. Hed. racemosa. Lam. H. alata, Roxb. niininie Koenigii (MSS. Brown). Hed. tubular is, Brown. Hedyotis biflora, Br. (hand Lam.) Oldenlandia, Linn. Hed. scapiyera, Brown. Hed. puberula. Brown. Hedyot. cymom.. Brown. Hedyot. yJabel.a^ Brown . Hedyotis stipulata. Brown. Bamia Abelmoschus, Brown. Hemiottitis hastata, Brown in Herb. Banks. Helicia robmta, Brown. Rhopalse, No. 1038 — 1041, sunt species Helicice fide illustr. Brown in suppl. prinio Prodr. Nov. Hoil. p. 32. Selena macrocarpa, Wail. Ftychocarya, illustr. R. Brown (gen. nov.). . Deutzia ufaviinea, Brown. , Deutzia corymbosa, Brown. Marlea beyoni/olia, Roxb. Sfylidium, Lour, ex illustr. R. Brown. , Sporobolus coromandeliauus, Br. Sporobolus dinnder, Br.^ note on Sporobolus at the foot of p. 132 of his " List," Dr. Wallich ON INDIAN PLANTS. 533 .No. 3796. 3807. 3815. 4095. 4098. 4099. 4361. 4950. 4951. 5225. 5432. 6049. 6098. 6104. 6112. 6119. 6134. 6135. 6141. 6146. 6147. 6149. 6150. 6151. 6153. 6154. 6157. 6165. 6168. 6171. 6176. Hierochloa lax a, Br. MichrocJdoa elonffcda, Br. Eleusine brevifolia, Br. Sonerila arguta. Brown. Sonerila tenera. Brown. Sonerila grandiflor a, Brown. Canscora diffusa, Brown. Stauntonia latifolia, Brown. Stanntonia angusiifolia, Brown. Podostemon Wallichii, Brown. Crotalaria Trifoliastrum,Yih.M.2iAr. Haec et species sequentes (N. 5432 — 5437)adC^/*/o/o^K»«,Brown ; genus certe distinctum pertinent. Podocarpm Horsjieldii, Brown. Nauclea Wallichiana, Brown. Uncaria elliptica, Brown. Uncaria ovaia, Brown. losora propinqiia, Brown. Ixora grandifolia, Br. Lxora lucida, Brown. Iccora opaca, Br. lxora diversifolia, Brown. lxora oblonga, Brown. lxora concinna, Brown. laora densa, Brown. lxora coriacea, Brown. lxora elliptica, Brown. lxora nigricans, Br. Jxora ? arguta, Br. lxora macrophylla, Brown. Pavetta ? lucens, Br. Pavetta naucUflora, Br. Pavetta polgantha, Br. saT8 : " Mr. Brown liaving undertaken the elaboration of the grasses, the specific names which are wanting will be supplied hereafter by that gentleman, who has had the goodness in the mean time to furnish this provisional list of the family." [As this intention was never carried out, those names only are quoted here which have Mr. Brown's authority specially attached to them. — Edit.] wmw 584 NAMES OP AND NOTES No. 6179. Favetta mollis, Br. 0181. Favetta canescens, Br. 6182. Pavetta webene/olia, Br. 6225. Myrioneura (R. Brown) nutans, Wall. 6228. Ophiorrhiza bracteolata, Brown. 6232. Ophiorrhiza discolor. Brown. 6239. Spermadictyon suaveolens, Br. 6890. AUmania nodiflora, Brown {Chamissoa nodiflora, Mart.) 6891. AUmania albida, Br. {Chamissoa, Mart.) 6892. AUmania esculenta, Br. 6950. Axyris Moor crof liana, Brown. 7129. Marlea barbata. Brown. 7130. Pisonia morindifolia, Brown. 7131. Cyrtandra ? lanuginosa. Brow n . 7246. Balanophora dioica. Brown. 7369. Eulophia virens, R. Br. 7414. Bucklandia populnea. Brown MSS. (Famil. lla- mamelidearmn, ex R. B.) 7415. Bragantia Wallichii, Brown MSS. (Fani. Aristo- lochiear. ex R. B.) 7417. Indeterminatus frutex, decumbens, fol. altern. simplicibus serratis, racemis anientaceis dicli- nibns (?)baccis monostylis. R. Brown. 7418. Tertninalia F (R. B.) 7419. Myrtacea (R. B.) 7421. Arbor indeterm. fol. alternis coriaceis glabris elongatis acuminatis integerrimis exstipulatis (R.B.) 7422. Arborea indeterminata macrophylla, inflorescentia axillari (R. Br.) 7423. Frutex indeterminatus alternifol. pilosus (R. B.) 7424. Frutex ramis virgatis, fol. alternis integerrimis oblongis nitidis laevibus stipulatis acumine brevi obtuso (R. B.) 7425. Urticea Trophidi accedens (R. B.) 7426. Uvariee facie frutex oppositifolius (R. B.) 7427. Grewia?{R.K) ON INDIAN PLANTS. 535 No. 7428. Uvaria facie frutex sed stipulatus ; folia alterua (R. B.) 7431. Frutex indeterminatus alternifolius, axillis non- nullis foliolis cornigatis inflorescentiara refe- rentibus (R. B.) 7432. Samydea (R. B.) 7433. Indeterra. arborea fol. altern. simplicibus integer- rimis impunctatis exstipulatis (R. B.) 7434. Indeterm. arborescens fol. alternis, integerrimis, magnis, pellucido-punctatis (R. B.) 7435. Impatientia habitu herba foliis immerse lineolatis (R. B.) 7436. Oleince quodamraodo habitu frutex vel arbor (R. B.) 7437. Indet. arborescens fol. simplicibus alteruis stipu- latis impunctatis (R. B.) 7438. Indeterra. arborescens fol. simpl. alternis exstip. impunctatis {R. B.) 7439. Indeterm. frutex fol. altern. simpl. exstipulatis impunctatis pilosis (R. B.) 7440. Chenopodiacearum facie (R. B.) 7441. Indeterm. arborea fol. alternis simpl. longe petiolatis (R. B.) 7442. Indeterm. arborescens fol. altern. simpl. punc- tatis (R. B.) 7443. Chailletiacearum quodammodo facie arbor fol. simpl. altern. integerr. impunctatis pulchre reti- ciUatis, cymis axillaribus (R. B.) 7444. Indet. arboresc. fol. simpl. subsessil. alternis argute dentatis, stipulis lateralibus spica axillari (R. B.) 7445. Ammanniee facie planta fol. oppos. simpl. inte- gerrimis (R. B.) 7446. Indet. arbor, fol. altern. simpl. elongato-petiolat., petiolo apice incrassato-tereti, stipulis subulatis, glomerulis axillaribus (R. B.) 7447. Indet. frutex fol. simpl. altern. subtus argenteis stipulatis, ramis tomentosis (R. B.) mim^rm 686 NAMF-8 OP AND NOTES No. 7448. Celastrinea ? Arborea fol. alt. sim|)licib., stipulis niinutia? flor. axillarib. subumbellat (R. B.) 7449. Myrainearum familise arborea fol. simpl. subop- pos. racemis laxis (R. B.) 7450. Myrsinea ? Arborea priori similis (R. B.) 7451. Indeterm. arborea fol. simpl. altern. exstipulat. laurinis, fol. axillar. subcyraos. parvis, duplici ordine trifidis, subvalvatis (R. B.) 7452. Indet. arborea, fol. altern. simpl. dentato-serratis impunctatis, gemmulis amentiformibus supra axillaribus (R. B.) 7453. Samydearum facie arbor, sed fol. impunctatis, stipulis falcatis deciduis (R. B.) 7454. Elatines facie plantula (R. B.) 7456. Indeterm. arborea, fol. simpl. alternis obovatis integerrimis coriaceis (R. B.) 7457. Indet. arborea fol. simpl. alternis (R. B.) 7458. Samydea ob fol. punctata, punctis passim line- aribus (R. B.) 7459. Indeterm. arborea fol. pinnatis denticulatis, den- tibus setigeris (R. B.) 7460. Indet. arborea fol. simpl. altern. coriac. in- tegerrimis exstipulatis, geramis axillaribus to- mentosis (R. B.) 7461. 3/aia.^(R.B.) 7462. Indet. arborescens resinifera, fol. oppositis simpl. integerr. oblongis acuminatis pellucido-punctatis, glomerulis axillaribus (R. B.) 7463. Indet. planta submersa litorea, conf. Acorum maritimum, Konig, MS. in Herb. Banks. (R. B.) 7464. Cansjera v. Opilice facie frutex altemifol. apicis axillaribus (R. B.) 7465. Diplavthera^ Du Petit Thouars ? Affinis Caulinia ovali (R. B.) 7466. Indeterm. frutex dichotomus, fol. simpl. altern., corymb, terminalib. laxiusculis (R. B.) 7467. Rosacearum? frutex icosandrus digynus (R. B.) 7468. Indeterm, fnitex decumb. fol. altern. sim- ON INDIAN PLANTS. 537 No. f)licib. remote dentatis, spicis terminal, dichot. ongiss. laxis (R. B.) 7469. Aurantiaceus frutex ramis aculeatis foliis ternatia (R. B.) 7470. Indet. frutex fol. altern. simpl. subpunctatis, petiolo ganglionoso, fructu pisiformi axillari fasciculato, loculis moraospermis (R, B.) 7471. Samydearum habitu frutex fol. altern. simpl. sti- pulis deciduis, gloraerulis axill. deciduis (R. B.) 7472. Aurantiaceus frutex inermis fol. tematis in- florescentiA terminali floribus parvis 4-5-fidis iso- stemonibus (R. B.) 7473. FMonymus (R. B.) 7474. Viburnum (R. B.) 7475. Indeterm. frutex, fol. altern. simpl. cymis late- ralibus (R. B.) 7476. Indet. arborea fol. altern. simpl. serratis fructu libero piperis forma et magnit. monostylo baccato oligospermo (R. B.) 7477. Indeterm. frutex fol. altern. simpl. dentat. fructu subracemoso 1 -stylo calyce persist. sufFulto (R.B.) 7480. Indet. frutex altemifol. fol. simpl. acuminat. inte- gerr. exstipulatis, spicis axillaribus (R. B.) 7491. Garcinioides fmtex (R. B.) 7495. Cyrtandracearum familise (R. B.) 7496. Chrysobalaneus frutex fol. alternis, racemis axil- laribus, florib. icosandris, flor. lanatis (R. B.) 7497. Sapindacea? arborescens macrophylla fol. altern. pinnat. foliol. oblong, acuminat. spitharaam longis, petiolis partialibus basi incrassatis, racemis abbreviatis, filamentis 5 lanatis (R. B.) 7498. Hippocraticea (R. Br.) 7499. Brucea ? Arbor fol. altern. pinnat. nunc ternatis, foliol. lanceol. acuminatis marginatis, flor.cymosis, ligno amaro (R. B.) 7501. VrticecB habitu, arborescens (R. B.) 7502. Rhamnaceus? frutex decumbens (R.B.) 538 NAMES OF AND NOTES ON INDIAN PLANTS. No. 7503. E/ceoilcndri facie arbor (R. B.) 7505. Indeterm. frutcx dccumbens, fol. oppositis sub- sessil. basi inaequali, stipulis interpetiolarib. nmentis pisiforraibus axillar. sessil. an mere foliaceis ? (R. B.) 7500. Indeterm. frutex fol. altern. simpl. lanceol. obtnse acuminatis pellucido-punctatis, petiolis teretibus epidermidc decidua rugosa, frnctu setnibivalvi monospcrmo (R. B.) 7508. Indeterm. arboresc. fol. altern. simplicib. pe- tiolis apice incrnssatis.pednnc.brevibus axillaribus multifloris (R. B.) 7509. Indet. frutex fol. altern. simpl. impunctatis exsti- pulatis (R. B.) 7510. Olacinea? fruticosa, fol. altern. simplicib. auguste lanceolat. (R. B.) 7511. Indeterm. fruticosa fol. iltern. simplicibus sti- pulis foliaceis inciso-i. batis lateral, oppos. dis- tinctis (R. B.) 7512. Indeterm. arborca fol. altern. subrotundis subtus tomento incanis, flor. glomeratis, perianthiis aesti- vatione valvatis (R. B.) NOTES AND ORSKRVATIONS OM INDIAN PLANTS. BY ROBERT BROWN, Esq., D.C.L., F.R.S., V P.L.S., &c. [^Extractedfrom ' Planto' Asiaticii' Rar lores' bif Nathaniel Wallich. M. and Ph. D., Vols. land III] LONDON. 1830—1832. Af dil 0) tei cu lot cet B^ cr< te; ne fo A te Ui NOTES AND OBSEKVATlONIi Wf INDIAN PLANTS. Abulia. Brown apud Abel, in Itin. Chin. Append, n i» B. p. 370. Calyx foliaceus 5- vel 2-partitus. Corolla subinfun- dibuliformis, 5-ioba. Stamina 4, didyma vel subiequalia. Ovarium 3-loculare ; loculis 2 polyspermis, abortientibns ! tertio l-spermo, fertili. Pericarpium l-spermuni, exsuc- cum, indehiscens, calycis limbo foliaceo aucto coronatum. Brotvn MS8. Classis Linnaeana, Bidynamia Anffiosperina. — Brown loc. cit. Ordo naturalis, CaprifoliaceeB vera, Brown ; Caprifolia- cearum sectio 1. Juss. Gen. p. 211, Linnaa prox. — Brown. Habitus : Frutices. Folia opposita, petiolata, dentato- crenata vel integerrima. Inflorescentia varia. — Brovm. Abelia triflora. (Brown MSS.) Tab. 15. Floribus coryrabi congeati ternatis : lateralibus 3-brac- teatis; calycibus 5-partitis; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, acumi- natis integerrimis. — Brown. This new species of Abelia has in its inflorescence [i* nearly the same relation to Abelia Chinensis, that Capri- folium has to Xylosteiim; the central flower present in A. triflora and in Caprifolium being abstracted in Xylos- teum and in A. Chinemia. In a third species {Abelia uniflora) sent from China by Mr. John Reeves, and for a 542 NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. specimen of which I am indebted to the Horticultural Society, another modification of inflorescence occurs. The peduncles in this species have but one flower, which is considered as one of the lateral flowers, the ovarium being subtended by three bracts, placed exactly as in those of the corresponding flower of Ahelia triflora. Of the Natural Order Capnfoliacece, the only certain genera appear to me to be, — CaprifoHum, Xylosteum, Sym- phoricarpus, Linncea, Ahelia, Diervilla (to which belongs Weigelia of Thunberg, who described the epigynous gland as the ovarium which he overlooked) Triostemn, and Ley- sesteria of Dr. Wallich. I am not acquainted, however, with any other character distinguishing them from the genera, which have hitherto been associated with them, except the very minute one of the raphe, or adnate portion of the funiculus umbilicalis being on the outer instead of the inner side of the ovulum. — Brotcn MSS. 16] Matonia. (Brown MSS.) SoRi dorsales, rotundi, e puncto confluentiae venularum plurium orti. Indusium orbiculatuni, peltatum. Capmlce sessiles, in serie simplici circa receptaculum disposi^ae. — Brown, Ordo Naturalis, Filices, tribus Polypodiacea. — Brown. Habitus : Filix pulcherrima, Isevis, fronde subbipinnata. l^innse plures hinc superiores, pauciores inde secundse, omnes pinnatifidae, lobis integerrimis, singulis basi, nunc utroque latere, nunc inferiore tantiim monosoris, raro bisoris. — Brown I. c. Matonia pectinata. Brown MSS. ! Indusium depresso-sphaeroideum, capsulas oninino in- cludens, hemisphaerio superiore crassiusculo, inferiore tenu- issimo, membranaceo, capsulis arete applicito, et mox sub- evanido. Receptaculum parvum, paulo elevatum. Cap- suLiE annulo oblique vcrticali incompleto cinctae. Semina angulata. — Brown MSS. NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. 543 The beautiful raniificatioii of the veins, and their union, from which the sorus originates in Maionia, is not alto- gether peculiar to it. Among the genera of Polypodiacca having an indusium, one remarkable example occurs in a genus as yet undescribed [llj/poderris), v hich with an indusium not materially different from that of ^rootlsia, has exactly the habit of Aspid'um trifoliatum ; while of those genera of Folypodiacece which are without an indu- sium, the same kind of vascularity is found in an extensive and \^£^ natura. section of Poh/podium, to which Polypo- dium phymatodes and the greater number of those species soris saccatis belong. — Brown. COMETES. (Burm. Flor. Ind. p. 39). [17 Calyx 5-partitus. Petala nulla. Stamina iiuo calyci inserta, fere hypogyna, antherifera 5, infra cum totidem sterilibu membranaceis in uiceolum connata. Anther^k 2-loculares. Ovarium 1-spermum, ovulo adscendcnte funiculo e basi cavitatis orto. Stylus 1. Stigmata 3. Pericarpium : Utriculus calyce persistente inclusus, ap- pendicibus setaceo-ramosis, post anthesin auctis et expansis involucratis. Semen adscendens, chalazu laterali. Aluu- MEN unilaterale. Embryo periphericus rectus ; radiclla infera. — Brown MSS. Ordo Naturalis : Cum Ptcrantho Forsk. parvulun? tribum efFormat, hinc lUecebreis pro\imum, inde ad Amarnnthaceas veras per DesmochcBtmn, Biyeram, et Saltiain Nob. hodie (quae Achyranthus papposa Forsk.) minus arete tauien accedens. — Broion . Habitus: Herbae (annuae?) ramosse oppositifolia^ Folia integerrima, stipulis scariosis, subsetaceis, vel late- ralibus liberis, vel basi cum petiolo connatis. Pedunculi e superioribus alis alterni, apice 3-flori. Bracte^e ternationis singulae 6, quarum 2 oppositae communes ; reliquae 4 per paria floribus lateralibus, intra communes pedicello brevis- simo insidentibus, pertinentes, subulata; : singulae appen- dice (ramo mutato) axillari, setaceo-diviso, raumlis sub anthesi fasciculatim approximatis, florcsccntia peracta auctis 541 NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN I'LANTS. et patulis, subdivisionibus singulis bracteola subulata sub- tensis. — Brown, Co METES su RATTEN SIS. Bui'in. Tab. 17. FoLiis cuneato-obovatis, ellipticisve ; ramulis laevibus ; stipulis petiolaribus ; friictus involucri ramulis fasciculatis, iinis deflexis. — Brown MSS. I'he genus Cometes, proposed by the younger Bur- maimus (in Flora Indica, p. 39), was adopted in Mantissa prima by Linnaeus, whose generic character agrees in most respects with the short description of Burraannus, from which it was no doubt chiefly formed : as, however, it differs in some points, he protiably had seen and slightly examined the original specimen, which Burmannus may have taken with him to Upsal, as it is known he carried there for Linnaeus's determination many of his rarer unpublished plants. But Linnaeus, in describing the fruit 18] of Cometes to be a " capsula tricocca," must have pre- sumed on the aflinity which he erroneously supposed the genus to have to Dalechampia. Burmannus's specimen of Cometes surattensis I have seen in his Herbarium, now in the possession of Baron Deles- sert. It corresponds tolerably with the figure in Flora Indica, which, notwithstanding some differences, was pro- bably made from it. When engaged in drawing up the catalogue of Mr. Salt's Abyssinian plants, it occurred to me that the genus which I have in that catalogue named Salfia, was at least nearly related to Cometes ; but I had at that time no means of verifying my conjecture. I afterwards, however, re- (juested M. DecandoUe to examine the specimen in M. Delessert's Herbarium, and the result of that examination is given in a note attached to the specimen, written by M. Delessert in 181C, in which it is stated, on M. DecandoUe's authority, to be a species of his genus Desmochceta, or Pupalia of Jussieu. In September of the same year I examined the specimen, and left attached to it the followiiiK ""*^> which refers to NAMR8 AND OBSRaVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. 545 M. DecandoUe's opinion, as well as to the Abyssinian genus, which I had published: — " Non Desmochaetae sed Saltiae species, vid. Catal. PL Abyssin. in Itin. D. Salt. Cometis noraen rcstituenduni." — R. B. M. Guilleniin, in the Bicfionnnire Clnssique d' Histoire Naturelle, torn. 4, p. 350, states tliat M. De Jussieu, who examined, or at least saw, the specimen in M. Delessert's Herbarium, recognised it to belong to AmnranfJiacea>, and that M. Decandolle regarded it as a species of Dcsmochafn. M. Giiilleinin himself, in adopting M. DecandoUe's opinion proposes to apply to that genus the older name Cometes ; and he adds that in a manuscript note in Burinannus's specimen I have proposed to do the same thing. But from that note, which 1 have already given verbatim, it appears that my proposing to restore the name Cometes referred to Saltia, and not to Desmochceta, to which it was evident to me Cometes did not belong. In the Linnean Herbarium the specimen named Cometes y I believe in the writing of the younger Linnaeus, proves to be a plant l)elonging to Convolvulncea, and it is probably a species of Convolvulus or Tpom(P.a. Burmannus (in Flora Indica) has given the specific name of SnrattenMs to his Cometes, and that name Linnaeus has adopted in his first Mantissa. In the twelfth edition of the S'j^stema Natures (vol. ii, p. 127), published in the same year, but subsequently to the Mantissa, he clianged the specific name to alterniflora, no doubt derived from the account of the inflorescence given both by Burmannus and himself. It is, however, not a very apt name for a plant whose flowers are always in threes, though the common peduncles are generally alternate. 1 have tlierefore recurred to the original name. Sir James Smith, in a (pencil) note on the specimen in the Linnean Herbarium, tliougii aware that the specimen is not really Cometes, supposes the specific name last given by Linnaeus to have been suggested by it. This might have been the fact had that name been aUernifolia, which, when he wrote the note, I have no doubt he believed it to be ; but the actual nagie alternijlora could not well be 35 1 \l 546 NAMES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. suggested by this plant, which has its flowers in a capitnhim. — Brovm'ft MSS. CoMETES ABYssiNicA. (Brown MSS.) Tab. 18. FoLiis lineari-lanceolatis, mucronatis, pnngentibus ; sti- pulis liberis; raraulis pulvereo-pubescentibus, scabris; fructus involucri ramulis pinnatis, patnlis. — Brown MSS. Saltia ab^ssinica, Brown apud Salt, in Itin. Abyssin. Append. B. p. 376. 39] AbELMOSCHUS. Calyx 5-dentatus, spathaceus, deciduns, cinctus involucro {calyce exteriore) 5 — 10-partito. Stigmata 5. Capsula 5-locularis, valvis medio septiferis, polysperma. Semi n a calva. — Brown MSS. 41] SPHiEROPTERIS. Involucra dorsalia, e medio venulae orto, pedicellata, sphaerica, clausa, verticahter dehiscentia, bivalvia. Cap- sule pedicellatse, receptaculo conmnini convexo insi- dentes. — Brown MSS. Habitus Aspidii, caudice nullo, frondibus decompositis, venulis subtiis glandulosis, stipite rachique paleaceis. — Genus nimis forsan affine Diacalpi, Blurae Enum. Plant. Javan. p. 241 (fide speciminis Javanici a Domino Hors- field anno 1818 comraunicati), quae similis habitu, venulis glandulosis, medio soriferis, involucro sphaerico, clauso, reticulato, areolis subrotundis, parietibus moniliformibus, nodulosisve ; diversa involucro sessili, laceratim dehiscente, capsulife vix pedicellatis, et receptaculo obsoletiori insiden- tibus. Hoc ultimo charactere et reticulatione involucri a Cyatheis nonnullis (involucro e medio venae orto) praesertim distinguenda ; arctiore tamen affinitate nixa cum Woodsia, mediante specie mexicanft {W. mexicana Nob.) quae, ni fallor, Physematium molle^ Kaulf. in Regensb. Bot. Zeit. 1829, 1 Band, p. 341, cui eel. auetor attribuit involunaii NAMES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. 517 "circumcirca clausuni" quod verb in nostra planta apice (livisum est, lobis subriliatis, nrcto conniventibns. — Broimi MSS. Apostasia. B/innr Bijdrnf/. p. 423. [7i Periantiiium limbo scxpartito, regulari. Stamina an- therifera 2, quorum Filamenta foliolis lateralibus interi- orum perianthii opposita, infra connata ciini basi Stvm supra cylindracei, et vel nudi, vcl hinc Filamento tertio castrato, altius adnato, foliolo antico exteriorum opposito, nppendiculati. Anther;e bilocularcs, longitudinaliter de- hiscentes. Pollen e grnnulis sini})licibus, solutls Stigma obtusum, obsolete bi-trilobum. Capsula trilocularis, poly- sperma. Semina ovata, testa iiucleo conformi. — Broivn MSS. This very remarkable genus, founded on Apostcma odo- rnta, was first published in 182") by Dr. Blumc in the work referred to; but in 1821 a nearly related species was discovered in the valley of Noakote in Nipal, V)y the plant collectors of Dr. Wallich, who, in his manuscripts, which I have had the advantage of consulting, named it Mesodac- tylis dejlexa, and at the same time had the drawing made which is here given. I have followed these two distinguished botanists in regarding Jpostcma as belonging to, or at least as most nearly related to, Orcliidca. It exhibits, however, very few of those characters generally considered essential to that family of plants. In its anthera?, pollen, style, and stigma (all which parts are so remarkably modified in Orchidete), Apostasia does not materially differ, either in form, structure, or economy from the more regular-flowered families of Monocolylc- dones ; and in its trilocular ovarium it is distinguished from all other genera of the order to which it is here ap{)enddd. On the other hand, it agrees with Orchidea in the struc- ture, as far as I am able to ascertain, of its minute seeds, in the reduced number of stamina, and probably, with some genera of the family, in the order of their reduction ; 548 NAMES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLAI in the filaments being at base connate with the lower part of the style, and in a great degree in habit. In endea- vouring to estimate the importance of the several points of resemblance and difference here enumerated, with a view to decide on the degree of relationsliip Apostasia bears to Orchidea, it is necessary to consider the relative position of the parts of the flower in that order, and also in Scita- minecB, the family most nearly allied to it. The relation of stamina to the parts of the floral enve- lope in Apostasia is in the first place to be determined. The two antheriferous filaments, which I have more par- ticularly examined in the unexpanded flowers of Apostasia nuda, appear to be opposite to the two lateral segments of the inner series of the perianthiura ; and tiie sterile filament in Apostasia Wallichii, and, no doubt, also in A. odorata, is opposite to the anterior segment of its outer series. Several years since, I advanced the opinion, "That in a complete flower, whose parts are definite, the number of stamina, and also of pistilla, is equal to that of the calyx and corolla united in Dycotyledones, and of both series of the perianthium in Monocotyledones!'^ It may be further observed that, in cases of reduction of pistilla, it is generally found that the remaining carpella, when more than one, but inferior in number to that of one series of the floral envelope, correspond in position with parts of both series, and, with very few exceptions, whether distinct or confluent, are all equally developed. Stamina, on the other hand, in cases of equal reduction, generally belong to one of the series only, or, if corresponding with parts of both series, are usually in different states of development, as they are here described to be in two species of Apoff/asia. This appearance of part of the inner series of stamina has not hitherto been expressly remarked in Orchidecs. It is not improbable, however, that the same relation to perianthium exists in the lateral antheriferous stamina of ' In lS2fi, hi Appendix' to ' Deiiham and Clapper/on'n Trnveh,'' p. 237 {rol. i, p. 203). NAMES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. 54i9 Cypripedium^ as well as in the sterile petaloid processes similarly situated in the other genera, as in Diuria. And the third stamen of the inner series, still more altered in form, may be considered as present in certain New Holland genera, especially Glossodia, where this supposed stamen is placed within the labellum, but entirely distinct from it; in Epiblcma, Pterostylis, and Chiloglottis, in which an analogous appendage similarly situated coheres in various degrees with that division of the perianthium ; and perhaps it may be considered as indicated in all cases where the labellum is furnished with a process, however minute, arising from its axis. If the view here taken of the position of the lateral filaments in Cypripedium and Diuris be adopted, it may be remarked that indications or rudiments of the two stamina necessary to complete the order in Orchidea, of those, namely, corresponding with the lateral segments of the outer series of the perianthium, have not yet been observed in the regular structure of any plant of the order. They have, however, been occasionally met with in mon- strous flowers of Hahcnaria bifoliay in more than one spike of which I have found the greater number of flowers triaudrous. the three antheroc being equidistant, and placed exactly opposite to the three divisions of the outer series of the perianthium, the inner series of which remains in its ordinary state. M. Achille Richard" has given an account of an [76 analogous monstrosity in Orchis htifoHa. In this case of a triandrous Orchis, M. Richard having adopted the opinion, which I believe I was the first to advance,^ of the origin or natnre of the auriculae of the anthera of many genera of Orchidea, (ionsiders the additional antherae as formed by the perfect development of these auriculae. This view, however, cannot be taken of the monstrosity of Habenaria bifolia, in which not only the auriculae of the anterior or ordinary stamen are distinctly present, but two ' 'Prod. Fl. Nov. Holl.,' i, p. 309. - ' Mein. de la Soc. d'Hist. Nat. de Paris,' i, p. 202. 3 ' Prod. Fl. Nov. Holl.; i, pp. 309 ^ 311. ia««ni ' <|: 550 NAMES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. other siniilivr processos, one on the anterior side of each of the nilditionnl nnthenu, nlso exist; a fact which throws con- siderable (loiil)t on the correctness of the view here referred to of the natm'e of tliesc processes in Orv/iidea, unless the same hypotliesis could likewise he extended to all cases of trifid lilaments, as those of Allium and Deutzin, to which the auricula) in Orchidea may be said to be analogous. In Scitamiiiea, the family most nearly akin to Orchidcfc, the complete number of stamina may be considered very generally present. Only one, however, is antheriferous ; and this perfect stamen, instead of corresponding, as in Orchidi'd', with the anterior segment of the outer series of the perianthinm, is placed within the posterior segment of the inner scries, the two remaining barren stamina of the same series being the epigynous glands or filaments exist- ing in all the genera of this order except Cusliis ;' while the outer series of stamina, very differently modified, form the hmermost or supplementary series of the perianthiura. This view of the origin of that series was many years ago comnumicated to me in conversation by the celebrated Correa de Serra ; but was first, I believe, published in 18:26 by Professor Lcstiboudois, in a memoir^ in which the correctness of the opinion held, namely, that ScitaminetB and Cmineoi possess rudiments or modifications of six stamina, is remarkably contrasted with the erroneous views taken, or rather ado})ted, of the greater part of the structures adduced in sup{)ort of it. A more accurate account of the relative position of parts was given in 1828 by my ingenious friend Professor Von Martins. In contirnuition of the opinion, I may remark that the cells of the ovarium, whose relation to the floral envelope appears to be very uniform in Munocotyledones^^ are in Scitaniiiwce op])ositc to the supposed petaliform stamina, and to the divisions of the outermost series of perianthiuni. I have formerly pointed out the difference in ' ' Prod. Fl. Noo. lloU.; i, p. 305. '^ ' Memoire xur la Canna itidica el sur les familleis des Balisierx et da lia- iianiers.' ■' Appendu to ^Denhain and Clupperlimx TraoeU,' p. 243 (vol. i, /;. 300). NAMES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. 551 position of the antheriferous stamen in Scitaminea and that of Catinea or MaranfecB, and have remarked that this diflPerence is in some degree analogous to that existing between Ci/pripedium and the other genera of Orchidece} Afiostasia in its trilocular ovarium differs from all the genera of Orchidea ; but an analogous difference occurs in SdtamineiB, in which Globba is distinguished from every other genus in having its ovarium unilocular, with three parietal placenta). And in both these families it may be j)roved that the constituent parts of the compound ovarium, whether unilocular or trilocular, agree in position or in their relation to the divisions of the perianthium. liastly, J/joslasia, in the economy of im|)regnation, or the state of the pollen, and the manner ol its application to the stigma, probably differs essentially from all Oichidca, except perhHj;s ('j/inl/ii'diim and possibly Fanilla. But a similar difference, a/id in a degree still more striking, exists between /Ijiamiinte, as i li»ve formerly p/'/posed to limit that order, and ylHcli'/iiadcfe, wliirh can only be regarded as a subdivision of tl/e same natural class. — Brown M8S. Apostasia Wallicuii, Brown MSS. Antherarum lobis posticis inajqualibus, tilamento tcrtio castrato. — Broivn MSS. Apostasia odorata, Blume, Bijdr., p. 423. [70 Antherarum lobis posticis aequalibus, filamento tertio castrato. — Broivn MSS. Apostasia nuda, Brown MSS. Antherarum lobis posticis aequalibus, filamento tertio nuUo. — Brown MSS. 1 ( Gen. Remarh oh Bot. of Tena Ami.' p. i'i {vol. i, p. 49). 562 NAMES AND OBttKKVATlUNS ON INDIAN PLANTS. iii. m Hdmboldtia. i Calyx bibracteatus, tubo turbinate, limbo quadripartito, lacinia poatica (e (lual)U8 conflatA,) })inervi. Petala 5 vel (suppiessione inferiorum) 3. Stamina 5, omnia anthe- rifera, distil icta, fauci calycis inserta, ejusdemqiie laciniis ()j)posita. Ovanuiu pluriovulatum, stipite tubo calycis hinc adiiato. Stylus subulatus. Stigma capitatum. Leguraen (oblongum, coiupressum, Fa/ii). — liroivu MSS. FrnticL'S (vix arbores) inermes. Folia abruptc pinnata, subtus glandulis nonnullis adpressis instructa. StipulfE tbliacea), persisU'iites, peltatim adnata?, infra insertionem producta} in lobum transversim dilatatum, subtiis foliorum instar glandulosum, (in sicco saltem) saepiiis rcduplicatum stipulamque accessoriam exteriorem ajmulantem. llacemi axillares, pediccllis bractea, pneter duos calycinos, unica caduca subtensis. Calycis limbus, aestivatione imbricata, deciduus, tubum persistentem superans. Filamenta aesti- vatione induplicata. Antherae versatiles. — Brown. 18] //. launfolia, Vahl j pentapetala, foliis 3 — 5 jugis ; sti- pularuni lobo postico hinc productiore, acuto; ramulorum internodiis tuperioribus incrassato-iistulosis. — Broio/t. ii 46] Ratzeburgia pulcherrima, Kunth. Ratzcbur«/ia, Kunth, Revis. Gramin., p. 487.— Spicaarti- c ilata, rachi flexuosa. Locustse in singulo articulo 3. Dua3 sessiles, per gluuias superiores parallelo-contiguae, biflorae. Glumae valvula inferior cartilaginea, dorso depresso nervoso scrobiculato, apice tnembranaceo bilobo; superior char- tacea planiuscula laevis. Flosculi hyalini mutici ; superior hermaphroditus univalvis enervis. Squamulae hypogynae 3, quarum duae exteriores subcollaterales dilatato-cuneatae retusae bidentatae ; tertia interior triloba (pro palea superiore habita a Dom. Kunth). Stamhia 3. Ovarium imberbe. Styli ad basin distincti, interjecto umbone. Stigmata coarctalo-plumosa. Flosculus inferior neuter univalvis ob- NAMES AND OHSKRVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. 553 soletu binervis marginibus inflexis. Locuata tertia pedi< c'ollo libero insidens, neutra, iinivalvis. — Brown MSS. Gramen perpulchiMiin, liumile, stoloniferuin, glahriu3- culuni. Cultni adscendentes, moiiostachvi. Folia brevia, rigid iiiscula, plana, nunc conduplicata, obtuaa, marginata, vagina, coinpressa, ligulA, iniberbi, indivisa. — Rrown. Obs. Ratzehiirffin may be readily distinguished from all the other genera of l^aniccce, a8 [ have defined that extensive tribe, in having at each joint of its rachis three locustae, of which two are sessile, fertile, and witliout arista;, while the third, which is merely rudimentary, consisting of a single valve, is supported on a pedicel entirely distinct from the rachis. In most of these characters, indeed, it agrees with Mnenitliea of Kunth {Rotthollia perforata of Roxburgh), which differs, however, in having the pedicel ot its third still more imperfect locusta, connate at both extremities with the rachis, and thus contributing to form the per- forated joints so remarkable in this genus. Tn Mnesithea M. Kunth considers the upper valve of the glume as belonging to a third univalvular neuter flosculus — an opinion which seems to be founded solely on its memoranaceous texture, and which, if adopted, would exclude this genus from PanicecB, as I have defined them, a definition which M. Kunth certainly does not adopt, as he has included in his tribe of Rottbolliacea several genera belonging to Poacea, namely, Leplurus, Oropetinm, Psiiurus, and Nardus. According to the view here taken of the structure of the two genera, Mnesithea would have nearly the same relation to Ratzeburffia in its more important characters that Rott- bollia has to hchamum Rottbollioides, ' Prodr. Flor. Nov. Holl.,' which I have in that work suggested might form a distinct genus. This genus has very recently been adopted by M. Brongniart, and named Ccelornchis, with a character, however, which, as far as regards the structure of the pedi- celled locusta, is so limited as to exclude both hchamum Rottbollioides, whose pedicelled locusta contains an her- maphrodite and a neuter flower, and RottboUia Ccelorac/m of Forster, in which that locusta contains two male flowers I V i| (i IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) m W/ A te M! 1.0 !!■- IM I u 1.25 ■^ i^ 1 2.2 !!: lis 1110 11= U III 1.6 V] <^ ^j^ ^^'.^ V / "■em *^ ^^ '/ /A Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN SINEET WEBSTER, N.Y. U'dSO (716) 873-4503 Ifi 6^ 554 NAMES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. This last degree of development of the pedicelled locusta extends to other species, and such species differ from Mani- suris merely in the form of the outer valve of the gluma of the sessile locusta. Two other views, different from that here adopted, of the structure of Batzeburgia, have been taken ; the first by M. Kunth, who considers, and perhaps more correctly, the third squamula as the upper valve of the hermaphrodite flower. According to the second view, which is obviously suggested by the figure, the locusta would be regarded as containing one flower only. — Brown. 66] AiKiNiA Brunonis, Wall. FoLiis petiolatis, pedunculis solitariis pluribusve seriatis. — Brown. Habitat in rupibus subumbrosis prope Ccepang in insula Timor; lecta fiorida et fructifera initio Aprilis anno 1803. — Brown. R,ADix annua, fibrosa, brevissima. Caulis teres, succu- lentus, tenuissime pubesjcns pilis brevibus acutis ; 2 — 4 pollicaris, saepius paruri ramosus, nunc simplicissimus. Folia petiolata, 3ordata, subovata, obtusa, repando-dentata, dentibus brevissimis, subsesquiuncialia, inferiora alterna, terminaha quandoque subopposita ; omnia super viridia, pilis brevibus acutis sparsis scabriuscula ; subter Isete viridia, glabra, pube brevissima nervum venasque primarias pin- natas tantum occupante. Petioli inferiores folia subae- quantes, pilosiusculi, semiteretes. SpiccB unilaterales, cir- cinatse, racemosae, demum corymbosae, pedunculatae, rachi hinc (antice) pedicellis confertis ebracteatis, florescentia peracta sensim elongatis ; inde (postice) foliolio sessili, subrotundo, cucuUato {Commelincp ad instar) involucrata. Fediincidi laterales solitarii, et lerminales 2 — 4 collate- rales, seriati inter folia duo subopposita, petiolata. Calyx liber, monyphyllus, tubulosus, pilosiusculus, viridis, se- miquinquefidus, dentibus aequalibus, erectis, acutis, per- sistens, post anthesin parum auctus limboque patentc NAMES AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. 555 subcampanulatus. Corolla magnitudine et tigura fere Ei'ini ; tubus calyce paullo longior, albus ; faux imber- bis, angusta; limbus quin^uefidus, bilabiatus, patens, coeruleus, immaculatus, loois obtusis, crenulatis, labio superiore bifido ; inferiore tripartito, laciniis subaequalibus sestivatione superius equitaute. Stamina 4, epipetala, tube inclusa. Fil amenta oiuiiia simplicia (ex icone Bauer- icna bifida), 2superiora sub sinubus iiitcrlabialibus inserta, conniventia, tubi lateri superiori approxiiuata, antherifera. Anthers apici obliquo filamenti basi adnatae, pallide flava?, iraberbes, apicibus luutuo colioerentibus.. bivalves, septo vix corapleto, contrario; pollen hyalinum, subglo- bosum, Igeve, exsulcum. Filamenta 2 inferiora absque antheris e lata basi subulata, apice parum dilatato, sub- ovato, acuto, piano. Ovarium sessile, ovatum, glaberri- mum, squamis hypogynis 2 oppositis, crassiusculis, trun- catis, indivisis subtensum, uniloculare. Placenta 2 subrotundae, indivisse, compressae, solutae, polysperma), utrinque ovuliferae, e pedicellis parietalibus adnatis an- gnstis ortura ducentes. Stylus filiformis, hyalinus, glaber, situ staminum iisque paullo longior. Stigma peltatuiu, convexum, papulosuin, indivisum. Capsula tiibo calycis aucti limbo patente arcti cincta, obovata, apice exserto, stylo emarcido tenninata, unilocularis, transversim dehiscens, marginibus laceris, operculo crassiuscule membranaceo, dimidio inferiore tenuissiine lacero. Placentae subrotuiidse compressae, liberae, utrinque seminiferse, e pedicellis ad- natis filiformibus ortae. Semina minuta, ovali-oblonga, castanea, striis spiralibus pulchre insignita, basi suboblique inserta funicido elongato, semen ipsum superante, capil- lari, hyalino, per lentein pluries augenteiu quasi e tubulo unico vel duplici annulari formato. Testa cvasso-inem- branacea, opaca, striis elevatis spiralibus hinc inde trans- versim connexis. Membrana interna crasso-membranacea, tenax, albicans, areolis subquadratis tenuissimis. Albu- men vix ullum. Embryo dicotyledoneus rectus, ortho- tropus, albus. Cotyledones semiovatae, obtusae, vixlongi- tudinae radiculcs inferse. — Broton. GratioJa i.nvolucrafn, Roxb. * Flor. Tnd.' [Kd. Wall.], vol. i, ■■. m 566 NAM£S AND OBSERVATIONS ON INDIAN PLANTS. p. 138, certainly belongs to this genus, and is perhaps not specifically difierent from the plant here described. But a second species, discovered in Java by Dr. Horsfield, in 1815, may be readily distinguished by the following cha- racter:— AiKiNiA {Horsfieldii) folio unico sessili, caulem simplicissimum terminante, pedunculo solitario pluribusve seriatis. — Brown. I dl^.^. ITTJTS^^gWT.rp ; ^-i! V. [EXTRACTS FROM] i PLANTS JAVANICiE RARIORES, DESCRIPT.E ICONIBUSQUE ILLUSTRATiE. QUAS IN INSULA JAVA. ANNIS 1802—1818, LEGIT ET INVESTIGAVIT THOMAS HORSFIELD, M.D. ; E aiccis DESCRIPTIONES ET CHARACTERES PLURIMARUM ELABORAVIT JOANNES J. BENNETT; lUl OBSERVATIONES STRUCTURAM ET AFFINITATES PKESERTIM RESPICIENTES PASSIM ADJECIT ROBERTUS BROWN LONDINI. 1838—1862. 1 n PLANTiE JAVANIC/E RAlilORES. In the postscript to the ' Planta3 Javanicae' Dr. Horsfield states — " On my arrival in England my zoological col- lections required my first attention, both with a view to their preservation and to their exhibition in the Honorable Company's Museum. It was therefore no less advan- tageous to myself than important to science, that Robert Brown, Esq., with a ready and disinterested zeal, undertook the examination and arrangement of my Herbarium. After much time and labour, every specimen of an extensive series of duplicates was examined, all the species of each genus were brought together, the entire Herbarium was distributed into famihes according to the natural method, and the basis of an accurate catalogue was formed. By this operation the number of species composing the Her- barium, which had previously been vaguely estimated, was determined to be 2196. " While engaged in this arrangement Mr. Brown noted in each family those subjects which appeared to possess the greatest interest, either on account of their novelty, or of their peculiarity of structure ; and from the subjects thus noted he finally made a selection, which it was pro- posed to publish under the title of ' Planta Javanica Rariores.' " It was at the same time determined that a series of figures for the illustration of all the subjects to be described in the work should be prepared. Although a considerable number of drawings had been made in Java by native l\ m 560 PLANTifl JAVANICiE RARIORES. artists, these were found useful only in the representation of the general character and habit of the subjects. Mr. Brown therefore undertook the task of preparing such dis- sections as were necessary for the iUustration of the generic characters, or other interesting points of structure, and of generally superintending the execution of the drawings ; to this portion of the work Mr, Brown cheerfully devoted particular care and attention, and his exf)erience in analysis of vegetable structure will be duly appreciated by Botanists. " After the completion of the drawings and of the illus- trative details, the subjects were put into the hands of the engraver, and Mr. Brown connnenced the preparation of the text. In the prosecution of this task his public engage- ments, and other important scientific inquiries accumu- lating in a degree beyond what was expected when he commenced the work, it was agreed between Mr. Brown and myself that the original plan should be modified, and that the assistance of a coadjutor should be ob- tained. " On this point I have the satisfaction to state that .T.J. Bennett, Esq., Mr. Brown's assistant in the Botanical Department of the British Museum, was found willing to prepare for the press such articles as were left unfinished by Mr. Brown, and likewise to co-operate generally in the preparation of the work. Mr. Brown has, agreeably to his original intention, contributed his remarks on the affinity and structure of the subjects described; he has also afforded many valuable suggestions in the progress of the work, and the whole has received his examination and revisal. " I embrace with pleasure and satisfaction the oppor- tunity now afibrded me of publicly expressing my great obligations to Mr. Brown. The examination and arrange- ment of my Herbarium, the laborious duties connected with the superintendence of the figures contained in this work, the preparation of the illustrative details, and the time devoted to the description of the subjects, are by no means the only marks of frieniisliip which \ have received plants: JAVANICiE KARIORES. 561 from that distinguished Botanist; who ever since his arrival in England has afforded to me his advice and assist- ance in my researches connected with Natural History, and on many other important occasions." [The Extracts which follow are li'jjited to Mr. Brown's direct contributions, but his invaluable suggestions enrich almost every page of the work. — Edit.] i« 38 OM n PLANTiE JAYANICiE RARIORES. POLYPODIUM (DIPTERIS) HORSFIELDII. Tab. 1} Char. Subgen. (Dipteris) Sori subrotundi, sparsi (v. transversim subseriati), inter (frondis palmatae) venas priniarias dichotomas earumqiie divisiones, venulis di- varicatissimis anastomosaiitibus iiisidentcs. Indiisiuni (verum) nullum. Caudex rcpens teres. Frondes elont/ato-stipitalce binatee; partiales dmidiatoi palmcdo-lohatce. Venulae secundarice tertiaria et ultima divaricatissimeB, crebre anastomosantes^ pemdtimcB latere sorifercs, ultimee apice vioo dilatato libera, Indusium spurium vel {in D. Horsfieldii) pili sorum cingentes et capsulis intermixti ; vel {iti D. Wallichii) materia pulposo-gummosa capmlas immaturas obtegens. PoLYPODiUM (Dipteris) Horsfieldii^ frondis binatsG palmatae subtus glaucae lobis serratis, soris pilosis. Dipteris conjugata. Reinw. in Ryllog. PL Nov. Soc. Bot. Ratisb., torn. ii,jo. 3. Poly podium Dipteris. Blame Enum. PI. Jav., p. 135. Descr. Filix 2 — 3-pedalis, vel elongatione stipitis usque orgyalis. Caudex repens crassitie pennae olorinae fibrillas copiosas nigricantes subramosas dimittens squaraisque rigidis strigosis atris subulatis setaceo-acuminatis tectus, solidus, constans ligno quasi duplici, utroque e cellulis 2] elongatis impunctatis utrinque acutis composito,cum strato interposito tubum completum constituente, e vasis scalari- * The Plates of " Plantse JavauicGe Rariores," not being at present acces- sible, will not be given among the Illustrations. They are entirely systematic, and the reader is referred for them to the original work. — Edit. rsi I I'LANIVK JAVANICiE RAIUORE8. 563 forinibiis in luiniimin tiaiisversiiu iiiteiTupte striatum vix (lefinitu) latitiidinis t'ucile, ut in plcrisque Filicilms Lyco- podineisque, soliibilibus. Stipites clon<^atK) frondem ipsaiii saepius siiperantcs crassitie peiiujc anatiiia), adultae glabra; laeves pallid^ castaneic teretiusculu) anticu canaliculatac ; vasis scalaril'orniibus tubum feru coinpletum anticu dcfi- cicnteni efForniantibus. Frondes ad basin usque bipartita) potiusve binata; ; partiales dimidiata; pahnato-lobata;, lobis incisis indivisisque acuniinatis scrratis ; novella; utrinque tectae vellcre ferrugineo-castanco e pilis articulatis laxis constante ; adulta; glal)rata; pilis nonnullis secundum latera venarum primarium aliisque soros cingcntibus relictis. Vena3 primaria; dicliotouja; valida?, subtcr prominentes teretes, super vix cmcrsae, divisionibus ultimis sa;pe infra apicem acimiinatum lobi conniventibus et unitis. Venulao secundariae et tertiaria; divaricatissima; creberrim^ anasto- mosantes areolas subquadratns sed amorphas efformantes, ultimae libera; apice vix dilatato. Epidermidis areolae minutoe parietibus paulo flexuosis. Stomata in pagina tantum inferiore. Sori parvi subrotundi passim e con- fluentia duorum amorplii, latcribus venularura tertiarium saepiusque ubi plures confluunt insidentes, novelli pilis articulatis copiosis seinitecti, adulti pilis brevioribus capsulis interstinctis. Capsuloe breve pediccllatae annulo verticali incompleto lateribus areolatis. Spora laevia subovalia inae- quilatera margine altero convexo altero rectiusculo. Obs. ]. — Dr. Horsfield, who discovered this remarkable species in 1814, has the following observations respect- ing it. " I have four localities for this Fern. The most western is the mountain Karang, situated south of Bantam ; next the mountain Cede, south of Batavia; proceeding west- ward, Ptarangaii ; and finally Mount Prahu ; the latter lies south-west of Samarang. It is remarkable that I neve/ noticed it in my numerous excursions through the easterri provinces ; and I have concluded that it is not at all, or at least that it is very rarely, found eastward of the longitude of Samarang, which lies near the middle of the island, as far 664 PI.ANIVE JAVANICiT: HAllIORF.S. as regards its extent from west to enst. From its striking physiognomy it could not, F iliink, hnvc escaped my notice. " Tt grows in clusters with fronds of ditlerent height, tiie tallest often eqnolling five or six feet. " Its range is above thot at which rice can be cnltivoted in Java, which is about 5000 feet above the level of the ocean. It springs from the black vegetable tnould, which very generally covers the mountains of Java." Ods. II. — Before entering on the subject of the ofKnities of Poly podium {Diptcris) Ilorsfieldiif there are some parts of its structiire deserving of notice. In the first place, the existence of the complete circle of vosa scalariformia separating the ligneous or fibrous vessels of the caudex into an outer ond inner portion, though not peculiar to Diptcris, seems to be of rare occurrence among Ferns. It exists, however, in the caudex of Platyzoma (though not in that of Gleichenia) ; and I have observed it also in some (probably it will be found in all) species of Anemia. I have described Pohjpodium {Dipferifi) Horsfieldii as having hairs surrounding the sorus, and mixed with the capsules, while in the nearly related species Polypod. {Dipteris) JFallichii, the capsules, even when fully formed, are imbedded in a gum-like pulpy substance, the remains of which njay always be found, even after the spora are dis- charged. In the dried specimens examined this pulpy substance had no appearance of organization ; in the living plant, however, it will probably be found to be minutely cellular, as I have observed in the nascent sori of several species of Pjly podium, in which the production of this cel- lular pulp precedes the formation of the capsules, and is generally evanescent soon after they become visible. The peculiarity in Polypod. (Dipteris) Wnllichii probably, there- fore, consists merely in the longer duration of this substance, in which perhaps the capsules of the greater number of Polypodia are formed. 8] Obs. III. — The Fern here described, and the nearly related species Polypodium {Dipteris) Wallichii, foi'm a very PLANT.F, JAVANIC.E RARIORRH. 565 distinct section or sul)«i;(Mnis of Polypodinni, to which they must be referred, while the characters of that genus consist merely in its round sori, and absence of true indnsiurn. lint in adding two species, having so singular a habit, to n genus already too extensive, and including so many ditierent forms, it must be evident that the present soiircbs of generic distinction in this Natural Family are very insuffi- cient for its satisfactory analysis. The number of Ferns at present known, including un- published species existing in collections, may be stated at upwards of 1800. The Family has been subdivided into five primary groups. These grou|)8 arc strictly natural ; they are not, however, of equal value as to the importance of their characters, and they are extremely imecpial in extent; the great mass belonging to that called Polypo- diaceae, which has been divided into upwards of fifty gtnera, and contains about 1000 species. Of this number nearly one half, or 800, belong to five genera, namely, Polypodium Aspidium, Nephrodium, Aspleniura, and Pteris, as they are at present constituted, Polypodium alone consisting of about 300 species. The extent of Polypo- dium, therefore, renders its subdivision into natural sections or subgenera absolutely necessary. For such subdivision, not in Polypodium only, but in other extensive genera of Ferns the most obvious, as well as the most advantageo'.is source of character seems to be the modifications of vascular structure, or the various rami- fications of the bundles of vessels, or veins of the frond, com- bined with the relation of the sori to their trunks or branches. On this subject many important observations have been made, and subdivisions founded on them proposed by several writers, especially MM. Bory, Gaudichaud, Kaul- fuss. Ad. Brongniart, and Blume. I may add, that I have at a still earlier period' introduced the ramification and relation of sori to veins into the definitions of several genera, in which these characters had not been before em- ployed, and have more recently ,'^ in treating of Matonia, pointed out a natural and extensive group in Polypodium, ' ['P/-/>rf. n. Nov. Holl.,' \,p. 156-8.] [Ante, pp. 542-3.] MtaMM 566 PLANTiE .TAVANIGi« llARIORES. as being readily distinguishable by the sorus originating at the point of confluence of several veins. With respect to Dipteris, the section to which our plant belongs, there is no difficulty in distinguishing it from all other groups of Poly podium, and particularly from that now alluded to, if the dichotomous ramification of the primary veins be admitted into its definition. And as that ramification may be said to be necessarily connected with the peculiar division of the frond, this section, so con- stituted appears to rest on characters at least as important as those of several groups at present generically distin- guished from Polypodiuni,as Cyclophorus, Pleopeltis, Adeno- pliorus, and even Grammitis, Selliguea, and Meniscium. If, however, the dichotomous primary veins are left out of consideration, no sufficient character remains to distin- guish Dipteris from that section of Polypodium, including P. quercifolium, diversifolinm, and several other species, and which M. Bory has established, chiefly from the pre- sence of dissimilar sterile fronds, as a subgenus under the name of Urynaria. Bnt the existence of these sterile fronds being neglected, Drynaria cannot be separated from that more extensive section comprehending P. phymatodes, lycopodioides, &c., and to which (including Drynaria) I have referred in my observations on Matonia, in Dr. Wallich's PlantfB Jsiatica Rariores} These three subdivisions of Polypodium agree in having their sori placed on the point of confluence, or perhaps sometimes of divarication, of several branches of the anas- tomosing veins ; and Dipteris being distinguished by its dichotomous primary veins, the remaining two sections may form one subgenus, for which the name proposed by M. Bory may be adopted. In many species of Drynaria so constituted, the prin- cipal vein of the sorus is manifestly that in which the ten- dency to produce capsules is generally the greatest in the natural order ; namely, the lowest branch of the upper or inner side of the primary vein, or that branch which in the appendix to Captain Plinders's Voyage^ is considered as [Ante, p. 543.] [To/, i, p. 60.] PLANTiE JAVANICiE RARIORES. 507 having a relation to two different trunks ; in other species, in those particularly where the sori are most, numerous, and not confined to that branch, it is often difficult to deter- mine the most important vein of the sorus ; and in Dip- teris it is hardly practicable. From Drynaria, and from those species of it especially in which the principal vein of the sorus is distinctly marked, ct the transition is easy to Polypodinm aureum, decumanum, and a few other species having anastomosing veins, and in which the sori are placed on the apices of two, or more rnrely three, connivent ultimate ramuli, included in an area formed by the anastomosing secondary veins. But these species, from the identity of habit, may be included in, or app^iuded to, a more extensive group, whose anastomosing veins forpi arciB or meshes, in each of which only one sorus exists, and that terminating a single included branch. This section, which may be named Phlebodium, and whose species have either pinnate, deeply pinnatifid, or more rarely simple fronds, appears to me strictly natural, though it includes several species having the spurious in- dnsium of Pleopeltis, and at least one with an oval or even oblong sorus. Next to Phlebodium in affinity, as well as in the ar- rangement of the sori, may be placed a group, most of whose species have simple fronds, and all of which are natives of America. In this group, which may be distin- guished by the subgeneric name Cyrtophlebium, the primary parallel veins are connected by transverse arched branches, from the convex upper side of which generally three (and never more than three) upright parallel simple veins arise, terminating within the area included between the proximate transverse arched branches : of these simple tertiary rannili the two lateral arc soriferous, generally below the apex, the middle branch being always sterile. In one species at least this branch reaches, and is united with, the arched secondary vein al)0ve it; and in a few others it is entirely wanting. This arrangement in Cyrto- phlebium produces two scries of sori between each primary vein, except in the lowest area, or that next the '1 i 568 PLANTiE JAVANICE RARTORES. midrib, in which there is one only, and that terminating the single vein exactly as in Phlebodiura, into which this group passes by species having the habit of Cyrtophlebium, but with fronds so narrow, that they are reduced to the lowest areolae, and consequently agree in character with Phlebodiura. An arrangement of veins and of sori analogous to Cyrto- phlebium exists in the real species of Cyclophorus or Niphobolus, none of which are natives of America : in all these the secondary veins are straight and parallel, instead of being arched ; they are also given off at an angle more or less acute from the primary parallel veins, which they connect ; aud the tertiary or ultimate branches originating only on the upper side of each secondary vein are parallel with each other, more than three in number, and all of them bearing terminating sori. An extensive and strictly natural group may be next noticed, though it cannot be considered nearly akin either to any of the preceding sections or to the principal part of that which follows. This group or subgenus, the Lastrea of M. Bory, whose fronds are either bipinnatifid or simply pinnate, is chiefly intratropical. Its character consists in the secondary veins of the pinnate, and the only veins of the segments of the bipinnatifid fronds being perfectly simple and parallel, with one known exception reaching the margin of the segment, or in the pinnate species uniting with the corresponding vein, and each bearing a lateral sorus, generally about the middle, in some cases near the base, and in a few others proceeding from the base itself. The closest affinity of Lastrea is not to any group of Polypodium, but to that section of Gymnogramma, the division of whose fronds, and the disposition of veins, are exactly similar, and in which the sori form very short lines of like origin. As the only distinction therefore consists in a difference, generally very slight, in the form of the sorus, it appears to me (and Dr. Blume has made a similar remark) that these two tribes cannot be generically sepa- rated, especially as species belonging to both agree in t tl ■.- ■iVr^'r';,'^^ ^ '.' ■"»^.' PLANTiE JAVANICiE RARIORES. 569 having pilose capsules ; and it is at least certain that the section of Gymnogramma referred to should be removed from that genus, and if still distinguished as a genus or subgenus, might receive the name of Pleurogramma. This section is also manifestly related to Meniscium, which, though readily distinguished by its technical cha- racter, may be considered as a subgenus of Polypodium, nearly approaching in vascular structure to the pinnate species of Lastrea, but differing in the sori terminating the corresponding veins at their point of junction, and by their confluence forming a semilunar line. It is deserving of remark, that in some, and especially the original species of Meniscium in that part of the frond where the power of producing capsules is the weakest, the sorus is transferred from the point of union of veins to the upright branch arising from that point, and from semilunar becomes round or sublinear. Lastrea may even be considered as approaching in [s affinity rather more nearly to that section of Nephrodium, which M. Gaudichaud has separated under the generic name of Polystichum, than to any subdivision of Polypodium j an approximation which appears to be confirmed by more thaji one fern, entirely agreeing in habit, in undivided veins and lateral fructification with this group of Nephro- dium, but having a short linear sorus, with an Indusium of corresponding forn;, inserted by its longitudinal axis in the middle of the sorus. To this group the name of MESOcHLiENA may be given ; and though in general appearance it is abundantly different from Didymochlaena, it can only be distinguished from that genus, according to my view of the structure of its indusium, by its simple veins and lateral sori. The most extensive but least natural section of Poly- podium is that in which none of the veins anastomose, the sorus standing either on the apex, generally more or less dilated, of the branch, or distinctly below the apex, which is then scarcely or not at all dilated ; the vein when simple, or its upper scri J*- -'^us division when branched, terminating within the margin of the frond or pinna. I i 1) »*f] 570 PLANTiE JAVANICiE RARI0EE8. Polypodium vulgare is one of the best examples of this section, which, however, comprehends species with undi- vided, pinnatifid, pinnate, bipinnate, snd even decompound fronds, and these as various in texture as in division. Many species are found within the tropics ; but the section includes all the European Polypodia and most of those found in tho higher latitudes of the southern hemi- sphere. As this section includes many of the earliest described species of Polypodium, it would require, if retained entire, no subgeneric name. But in a complete analysis of the genus it ought to be divided. The strictly natural sub- divisions, however, can hardly be characterised from modifications of vascular structure alone ; and I have not yei been able to detect sufficient differences, either in the capsules or seeds, by which they may be distinguished. That subgeneric or sectional characters may in several instances be obtained or assisted from the seeds of this Natural Order is not improbable, and in one case, namely Ceratopteris (or Teleozoma), including Parkeria in that genus, even the generic character appears chiefly to reside in the seeds, which in their unusual size and peculiar marking or striation entirely agree in all the species of the genus, while in the original species the annulus is nearly complete ; and in Parkeria, differing from the rest of the genus in no other point whatever, the ring is reduced to a few faint striae. Tab. I. ¥ig. 1. A frond of Polypodium (Dipteris) Horsfieldii, of the natural size. Fig. 2. A portion of the under surface magnified, showing the arrangement of the veins and sori. Fig. 3. Another portion of the same, from which a sorus has been removed to show its insertion. Fig. 4. A sorus, more highly magnified. Fig. 5. A cap- sule before bursting. Fig. 6. A capsule after bursting. Fig. 7. Sporules. PLANTiE JAVANIC^ RARI0RE8. 571 ATAXIA HORSFIELDII. [« Tab. III. Ataxia, Br. in Chlor. Melv. p. 35. Kunth, Agroat. Synopt.,p. 39. Char. Gen. Gluma locustam trifloram subaequans, Flosculus inferior raasculus bivalvis j intermedins uiiivalvis neuter : iiterque dorso aristatus ; terminalis hermaphro- ditus diandrus. Gramen tarn habitii quam structurd inter Anthoxantlmm et Hierochloain medium, pariterque odoratmi. Gluma incequivalvis. Flosculi a basi brevissimd persistenti racheos conjunctim solubiles. Valvula superior hermaphroditi flos- culi uninervis ; staminibus asoibus vaJvularum oppositis. Obs. Ataxia along with HierocJdoe and Anthoxanthum form a very natural and well characterised section, which belongs rather to the tribe Avenacece than to Phalaridece ; and these three genera are in reality so nearly related that they may perhaps be more properly considered as sections of one and the same genus; or at least HierocJdoe and Ataxia might be united. It is deserving of notice that in all of them the upper valve of the hermaphrodite flosculus has a single nerve occupying its axis, and that one of the two stamina is placed opposite to this nerve. The co- existence of these two characters, both of which are remark- able deviations from the usual arrangement in Gramineae, seems to invalidate the hypothesis respecting the com- position of the inner valve of the flower in this family.^ It might, however, be assumed that the median nerve in these genera is formed of two confluent cords, a view to a certain extent supported by the somewhat analogous struc- ture in the corolla of Compositae. It might also be assumed ' General Remarks, &c. in Flinders's Voyage, vol. ii, App. p. 5S0 {^vol. i, p. 55]. I If mmmm mm 672 PLANT/E JAVANICiB RAR10KES. i n 111 that the stamen belongs to the inner or complementary series, which is rarely developed in triandrous genera. One remarkable apparent exception to the usual order of development of stamina occurs indeed in a genus of grasses found in Abyssinia by Dr. Riippell, to whom I am indebted for the specimens I have examined. In this genus the locusta contains apparently a single flower, of which the gluraa consists of two minute obtuse nerveless valves ; the perianthium is formed of two valves nearly equal in size, form, texture, and nerves, which are three in number, the middle nerve of each valve ending in a seta ; the stamina are three in number, but instead of being inserted as I have described those of triandrous grasses generally to be, they are placed within the upper or inner valve, the middle stamen being opposite to the median nerve ; the embryo also is placed on the side of the inner valve : hypogynous squamulse are entirely wanting. If the flower here described be really simple, it would pre&ent a still more formidable objection than Ataxia to the composition of the inner valve of the perianthium. But the arrange- ment of stamina, and direction of scutellum or embryo, suggest another hypothesis with respect to the Abyssinian genus; namely, that the flower is not simple, but made 9] up of two flowers reduced to their outer valves. This latter view I am disposed to adopt, not only on consider- ing the usual order of suppression of the parts of the floral envelope in grasses ; but from the same degree of reduction actually existing in several Panicea, to which primary division of GraminecB the Abyssinian genus would according to this view belong. It may be added that the genus referred to very remarkabl;^ agrees, both in habit and structure, with an unpublished genus discovered by Ehrenberg, likewise in Abyssinia {Podopo^on, Ehrenb. MSS.), and which unquestionably belongs to this primary division of the order. I 1 mmmmmmm PLANTiB JAVANIC.E RARI0RK8. 573 SCLERACHNE PUNCTATA. 116 Tab. IV. ScLERACHNE. Char. Gen. 8pic.t£sS:/ ■ 588 PLANT/E JAVANIC^E RARIORES. I noi In describing the genus Aikinia {Epithema of Dr. Blume) I regarded Ct/rtandracea, or Cyrtandrea, for the reasons now assigned, as a tribe merely of Gesneriacea, 111] distinguishable from that portion of the order with hypogenous corolla, or Besleriea, by characters cither of little importance or which required confirmation. For although, in addition to the characters referred to, Ci/r- tandrecB diiFer very remarkably in geographical distribution from the rest of the family, yet this difference is not entirely without exception, as I have already noticed in my account of Loxotis. But whether these groups be considered as distinct families, or as tribes only, it will probably be admitted that in a natural classification Cyrtandrea must stand next to Besleriea ; while on the other hand they appear to be very nearly related to Bignoniacece, with which they are connected through Incarvillea, particularly with that sec- tion of it which in Dr. Royle's Illustrations I have de- scribed as a sub-genus, and named Amphicome. This sub- thetical expression of the facts was not applicable even to all the families he has cited in support of it. And I concluded that as a general rule the point most to be depended on in proving the importance of aloumeu in systematic botany was its relative quantity, especially when accompanied with a low degree of development of embryo ; for where the albumen forms the great mass of the seed in any known portion of a natural family, it may in most cases, though not always, be safely inferred, not only to be present, but to exist in like proportion in the whole of that family. This rule, however, I regarded as merely empirical, founded on extensive experience, but not necessarily con- nected either with uniformity or even apparent importance of function ; for while in some families in which its proportion to the whole body of the seed is the greatest, it constitutes the early nourishment of the embryo, in others, where it exists in equal quantity, it is either not at all or but slightly acted upon in germination. I stated also that there were cases in which this character was of reduced importance, existing only in certain tribes of one and the same great natural family, as in Rubiacea ; nor are there wanting instances in which it is only of generic value.' And, lastly, I noticed that in several families, in which the constancy of the character was very general, exceptions occurred, dependent on the apparent necessity for an unusual development and increased energy in the embryo, connected either with the unfavorable circum- stances in which it was destined to vegetate, as in plants growing in or exposed to the action of salt-water; or where great resistance, arising from the structure of the pericarpium, or even from the texture of the proper integu- ments of the seed itself, was to be overcome in germination. » 'Linn. Soc. Trans.,' vol. x. p. 36 [vol, i. p. 23], et 'Prodr, Flor. Nov. lloll,,' vol. i. patsim. 1 TLANTiE JAVANICiE RAR10RE8. 58U genus Professor Lindley has lately considered generically distinct from Incarvillea. But except those differences in the seeds and calyx, which I have regarded, and still con- sider, as only of sectional value, I find no other characters whatever in the flower or fruit to justify the separation ; for in both species of Amphicome, as in the original Incar- villea, the ovarium as well as the capsule is certainly bilo- cular, and not unilocular, as it is described in the species figured in the 'Botanical Register' (for 1838, t. 19), and the two subgenera entirely agree in the peculiar structure of the anthera, the spur of each of whose loculi originates not on the back, but front of the cell, in the line of de- hiscence, which it limits. The following characters of Gesneriacea, and of the ["^ three tribes of which, according to my view, it consists, may serve to distinguish the family from the nearly related orders, and the tribes readily from each other. Gesneriace^, Richard et de Jussieu. Calyx 5-divisus, aequalis (rar6 parum insequalis). Corolla nionopetala, irregularis, limbo 5-lobo, aestivatione imbricata. Stamina antherifera 2 v. 4, cum v. absque quinti postici rudiraento. Ovarium (liberum v. adnatum) uniloculare (nunc approximatione placentarum quasi biloculare) j basi disco lobato v. indiviso cinctum ; placentis 2 parietalibus latera- libus (ssepiiis bilamellosis) polyspermis ; ovulis anatropis. Pericarpium capsulare v. baccatum. Semina parva (raphe nulla), albuminosa v. exalbuminosa ; albumine carnoso, molli, copioso v. parco. Embryo rectus, axilis, orthotropus, dimidium albuminis dum adsit aequans v. superans. Herbse v. Suffrutices foliis simpUcibus, indivisis, exsti- pidatis, oppositis, verticillaiis alternisve, sapius serratis crenatisve nunc inteyerrimis, in plerisque pube simplici, acuta V, capitata. Inflorescentia varia. Gesnerie^. Calyx cum ovario plus minus connatus. Pericarpium capsulare. Semina albumine copioso. vV J 590 PLANTiE JAVANICyE llAttlOllES. Beslerieji. Calyx liber. Pcricarjnnm baccntiini v. capsiilarc. Scmina tilbuminosa. Cyrtandreje. Calyx \\hQV. Pcricarpium capsulare v. baccatum. Semina exalbumiiiosa v. albumine parco. Obs. The following remarks relate to the modifications of the different parts of fructification in Cyrtandrece and their relative importance in characterising genera. The Calyx admits of every degree of depth of division. Its segments are generally acute, always so when divided to the base ; and wherever acute the aestivation appears to be valvular. In several cases where the calyx is tubular, particularly in the greater part of true Didymocarpus, and in one of the sections of jEschynanthus, the segments are rounded, and the eestivation necessarily overlapping. The tubular calyx, when accompanying an elongated capsule, is generally thrown off or separates tranverscly at the base, except in the few cases in which the capsule is pedicellated. The deeply divided calyx of the genera with elongated capsules is persistent j as it also is, whether deeply divided or tubular, in all those with short capsules and in the 113] baccate genera. None of these modifications appear to be of generic value, though some of them form the principal characters of very natural sections of genera. The tahc of the Corolla varies greatly in length, but its various proportions, either with respect to the limb or calyx, are seldom of generic importance; a difference of this kind, however, forms the only distinguishing character between Bcea and Streptocarptis. The limb varies con- siderably in form, direction, and proportion of lips j but the most important modification occurs in Glossatithus and Loxotis, in both of which the lateral lobes of the lower lip are obsolete ; or, in the former genus, perhaps, altogether PLANTiE JAVANICiE RAn,I0RE8. 601 wanting. This modification is necessarily nccompanicd by a different estivation, wliich in all the otlicr genera is quincnncial, the lateral lobes of the Ic ^cr lip overlapping the nppcr, which covers the middle lobe of the lower. The spur of the tube is found only in one of the two species of Stauranthera. The number of antheriferous Stamina, or the difference between the diandrous and didynamous plants of the tribe, is not always of much value ; for in Bidymocnrpm there are several didynamous species which certainly do not form a natural section. Stamina indma and exscrta generally mark distinct genera, but yet not in all cases. The differ- ence between parallelism and divarication of the lobes of nntherac is always, I believe, of generic importance. The various degrees of confluence of the divaricate lobes, and the apparently peculiar dehiscence in some of its modifica- tions, seem not to be of equal value. The Stigma exhibits various remarkable differences, some of which are considerable, though not always of equal, value in the definition of genera. The most im- portant of these, and which hitherto has been overlooked, is the abortion, or great reduction in size, of the upper lip, while the lower is proportionally dilated, and, in some cases, deeply divided. Thus in Chirita, in which the stigma is described as bilamellar, both lamellae belong to the lower lip. And in many species of Bidymocarpus the apparent obhquity of stigma arises from the abortion of the upper lip, and the lamellar expansion of the lower, which, however, is never divided as in Chirita. In several genera the lips are equal, and either lamellar or so short as to be hardly distinguishable ; in other cases there is no trace of division. These different modifications, in most cases, mark the limits of genera. As some of the most important characters of the tribe reside in the structure of Ovarium and Pericarpium, so the principal natural divisions arc founded on modifications of the same organ. The ovarium may be in all cases de- scribed as properly unilocular : though, from the approxi- mation and slight cohesion of the parallel portions of the 592 PLANTiE JAVANIC^K RARI0RE8. inflected parts, or, ns they arc commonly called, plncentfc, it not unfrequently a])pcars to he bilocular. But this cohesion only occurs when the production of ovula is con- fined to the upper or inner surface of the carpel, which is the case in the greater part of the genera with elongated capsules ; for where both surfaces are ovuliferous, as in the baccate and most of the genera with included capsules, no such cohesion can take place. The general direction of the margins of the placenta of each component part of ovarium and pericarpium may at first appear a deviation from the ordinary structure, the general rule being that the margins only unite to form a complete cell, whereas the completion of the cell in that manner is incompatible with the direction of these margins, which in each carpel are turned from, not towards each other. This difference, however, is more apparent than real, and the structure in Cyriandrece may be justly compared with that of such genera of other families as have the placenta of a multi- locular, or that of the single distinct, carpel projecting considerably into the cavity. The great elongation of pericarpium in many of the genera having capsular fruit, is the more remarkable in Cyriandrece, as there is no instance of similar elongation, or any approach to it, in either of the two other tribes of GesneriacecB. In this elongation of capsule, however, they approach to Biynoniacece, where it is both more general and exists in a still.greater degree. In most of the Cyriandrece with elongated capsules, the valves, though membranaceous, are perfectly straight, but in a few others they are spirally twisted, though nearly of the same texture. The spiral torsion of the valves certainly does not depend on the length of the capsule merely, the greatest length being found conjoined with straight valves, as in jEschynanihus ; nor is it the consequence of drying, for the twisting in all cases commences long before the ripening of the fruit. The mechanism explaining these iH] differences is, however, in general obvious. In the twisted valve the endocarp consists of a stratum of vertically elongated fibres, with an extremely thin or hardly manifest PLANTJ: JAVANICiE RARI0RE8. 503 inner membrane, while in the valve of the straight capsule the vertically elongated stratum has a manifest inner cover- ing, consisting of transversely elongated cells, which no doubt counteract the tendency to torsion of the longitudinal fibres. But the transversely elongated cells arc found in the inflected or i)lacentiferous portion of the elongated capsule, both in the twisted and straight-fruited genera ; and their function here seems to be to determine the invo- lution or revolution of the ovuliferous margin, wln^h in these fruits is probably necessary for the protection ct the seeds even after dehiscence. The more remarkable differences in placentation are almost always important : thus, in many genera the ovula are produced on the inner surface of the margin only ; in others both surfaces are equally productive : and in some, the production, instead of being confined to the marginal region, extends over the whole of the inflected and included portion of the carpel. The SEEDS are generally pendulous, but in a few genera, as Ejpithema and Loxocarpus, erect ; and in some others they vary in pericarpial direction, according to their dif- ferent heights in the same placenta. They are always minute, generally oval, oblong, or nearly cylindrical, and inserted at or very near one extremity; m most cases sessile, or nearly so, but in a few furnished with a very long and extremely slender funiculus. Although the ovulum is anatropous, there is no apparent raphe in the ripe seed. The capillary appendages existing in some cases at both extremities of the seed vary consider- ably in number and form in that genus where they are most remarkable, namely JUschynanthm, in which, as well as in Agdmyla^ and probably in Trcymsdorffia, they are mere appendages, performing no other function ; but in Lymnotm the upper hair in the pendulous seed is in reality its funiculus or attenuated base. The integument of the ripe seed is, in most cases, appa- rently simple ; but in a few, especially ji^schynanthus, the inner membrane is easily separable from the testa. Before the complete ripening of the seed, the semifluid 88 I I 694 PLANTS JAVANICiE RARIOIIES. remains of Albumen are generally obvious ; and even in the ripe seed, in several cases, slight traces of it arc visible : in llhabdothamnus it is more abundant, and of firmer con- sistence. 1^ t CYRTANDREARUM SYNOPSIS GENERUM. A. Pericarpium Capsulare. t Capsula elongatse. Semina utrinque appendiculata. a. AnthercB exsertse, inappendiculatae, loculis linearibus parnllelis. Semina pendula, extremitate superiore nuclei (nee appendicis) affixa. iEscHYNANTnus. Stamina antherifera 4. Stigma indi- visum, dilatatum. Tromsdorffia. Stamina antherifera 4. Stigma bila- mellatum. Agalmyla. Stamina antherifera 3. Stiovia bilamul- latum. |3. Anthera (2) inclusac, dorso appendiculatse. Semina pendula extremitate setse superioris affixa. Lysionotus. ft Capsula elongatse. Semina inappendiculata, sessilia. Anther (B inclusse, locuHs divergentibus. Chirita. Stamina antherifera 3. Stigma labio supe- riore obsolete ; inferiore bilamellato. Capsula valvis strictis (nee spiritali,;er tortis). DiDYMOCARPUs. Stamina antherifera 2 — 4. Stipna indivisuni (saepe ex abortione labii superioris obliquum). Capsida valvis strictis. Streptocarpus. Stamina antherifera 2. Capsula valvis spiraliter tortis. Corolla tubus calyce duplo multoti^sve longior. PLANTS JAVANIC* RARIORES. 695 BiEA. Stamina antherifera 2. Capsula valvis spiraliter cus tortis. Corolla tubus calycem vix aequans. ttt Capsula calyce longiores, hinc longitudinalit^r dehis- centes. Semina erecta, funiculis elongatis. LOXOCARPUS. tttt Capstda subovatse, calyce inclusae : placentis utrinque seminiferis. Epithema. Capsula circumscissa. Stamina duo supe- riora antherifera ! Stauranthera. Capsula circumscissa. Stamina anthe- rifera 4. Calyce 5-fidus, sinubus plicatis ! LoxoNiA. Stamina antherifera 4, exserta. Capsula bi- valvis. Calyx 5-partitus. Glossanthus. Stamina antherifera 4, inclusa. Calt/x 5-fidus, tubo 5-gono. Capsula bivalvis. LoxoTis. /S'/«;;/2;/a aiitherifera 3, inclusa. CW/^a? 5-fidus, tubo angulato. Capsula bivalvis. MoNOPHYLLiEA. Stamina antherifera 4. Calyx 5-parti- tus, aistivatione imbricata. Capsula ruptilis? Platystemma. Stamina antherifera 4, exserta. Calyx 5-fidus, aestivatione valvata. Corolla t\ibo brevissimo, limbo paten ti. Capsula ? Rhabdothamnus. /S'/«;«?V/« antherifera 4. ro/o//«tubo campanulato. Stigma bilobum. Capsula 4-valvis. Semina albuminosa ! B. Pericarpium Baccatum. Fieldia. Stamina antherifera 4, antherarum loculis parallelis. Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla tubulosa. Stiyma bilobum. Bacca exsucca. Rhynchothecum. Stamina antherifera 4, antheris bivalvibus, valvula interiore minore. Calyx 5-partitus. Centronia. Stamina antherifera 4, antheris basi cal* caratis. Calyx spathaceus. Bacca siliquseformis. 596 PLANTS JAVANIC^ RARIOR£S. Cyrtandra. Stamina antherifera 2, inclusa, antherarum loculis parallelis. Calyx 5-fidus. Whitia. Stamina antherifera 2, semiexserta, antherarum loculis hand parallelis. Calyx 5-partitu8. V<{ iEscHYNANTHUS, Jack in Linn. Trans. 14, p. 42. , Char. Gen. Calyx 5-divisus (tubulosiis v. partitas). Corolla bilabiata. Stamina antherifera 4, antherarum loculis parallelis. Stigma indivisum, dilatatum, sub-in- fundibuliforme. Capsula elongata, valvis strictis. Semina pendula, apice nuclei affixa, utrinque pilifera, pilo inferiore unico ; superiore unico, duplici pluribusve. Suffrutices in arborum cortioc . uJUcantes ; foliis qppositis aqualibus, integerriinis, coriaceis venis obsoletis. t Calyx tubulosus, ore 5-lobo obtuso. Semina utrinque raonotricha, pilo superiore basi dilatatd. 1. u^chynant/ius volubilis, Jack, 1. c. t. 2, f. 3. 2. jEschynanthm radicans, Jack, 1. c. p. 43. 3. J^chynanthus parvifolia, calyce pilosiusculo sub-cam- panulato, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis glabris. Loc. Banca, 1813. Dr. Horsfield. tt Calyx tubulosus 5-dentatu8 acutus f^emina . . . 4. jEschynanthus fulyens, Wall. List, • > 797. ttt Calyx 5-fi{lus acutus. Semina extrem.tate superiore ditricha. 5. yEschytianthus parasitica. Wall. List, No. 796. 6. jEsckynanthus ratnosissima, Wall. List, No. 799, and PI. Asiat. Rar., 1, p. 55, t. 71. 7. JEschynanthus Grifflthii, calyce 5-partito glabro: laciniis lanceolatis, filamentis hirsutis, foliis lanceolatis. Zoc. Tavoy? D.Griffith. PLANTJ; JAVANICj; RARIORES. 597 tttt Calyx 5-partitus v. alte 5-fidus, acutus. Semina [ii« iitrinque monotricha, pilo superiore basi simplici. 8. JEschynanthua Honfieldii^ glabra, calyce 5-partito : laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, seminum pilis subulatis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis sub-acuminatis. Loc. Java, an. 1814. Dr. Horsfield. 9. JEBcliynantliM hracteata^ Wall. List, No. 794. 10. jTkehynanthm acuminata, Wall. List, No. G397. ttttt Calyx abbreviatus, cyathiformis, dentatus. Semina utrinque monotricha, pilo superiore basi dilatata. 11. JEschynanthis Wallichii. iEschynanthus radicans, JFall. List, No. 798, non Jack. Loc. Singapore. tttttt Calyx .... Semina extreraitate superiore comosii, pilis indefinite numerosis. 12. JEschynanihis lonyicauUs, Wall. List, No. 888. Tromsdorffia. Tromsdorffiae Sp. Blime, Bijdr., p. 762. Char. Gen. Calyx 5-fidus, acutus. Corolla tubulosa, bilabiata. Stamina antherifera 4 ; anthcris exsertis, loculis parallelis. Stigma bilamellatum (labiis sequalibus). Cap- sula . . . Semina ... Herba radicatis ; foliis alternis dentatis. Tromsdorffia? elont/ata, Blume, Bijdr., p. 763. Agalmyla. Agalmylse Sp., Blume, Bijdr., p. 766. Char. Gen. Calyx 5-partitus, acutus. Corolla tubulosa, bilabiata. Stamina antherifera 2 ; antheris exsertis, loculis parallelis. /S?2^wa bilamellatum (labiis aequalibus). Capsula mr .1 1. liwiiiwpppnpifPiippn 598 rLANT.E JAVANlCyE RARI0RE8. h elongata, valvis strictis. Semina pendula, apice nuclei afflxa, iitrinque monotricha. Herba radicans ; foliis alter nis dentatis. A(/almyla staminca, Blume, Bijdr., p. 767. Lysionotus, Do7i, Prodr. Fl. Nepahy p. 124. Char. Gen. Calyx 6-partitus, acutus. Corolla bilabiata, fauce bicallosa. Stamina antherifera 2, inclusa. Anthera dorso appendiculatae, imberbes. Stigma indivisum. Cai^- sula elongata, valvis strictis. Semina utrinque in pilum producta, apice piii superioris affixa. Herba; foliis siibverticillatis, serratis. Inflorescentia rymosa. Zysiotioti/s serratus, Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal., p. 124. L. ternifolia, Wall. PL A-siat. Bar,, 2, p. 20, 1. 118. Chirita, Buchan. Hamilt. in Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal., p. 89. Char. Gen. Calyx 5-fidus, sestivatione valvata. Corolla tubulosa, bilabiata. Stamina duo antherifera; anthera (sa^pius barbatse) loculis divergentibus. Stiyma: labio superiore abortiente v. nano ; inferiore bilamellato. Cap- sula elongata, valvis strictis. Semina inappendiculata, pendula. Herba3 v. Suffrutices ; foliis oppositis sapius incequa- libus, altero in quibusdam nano v. abortiente ; pedunculis axillaribifs. 1. Chirita urticifolia, foliis inaequalibus ovatis acutis serratis elongato-petiolatis, pedunculis subsolitariis medio bibracteatis, calycis laciniis subulatis, antheris im- berbibus ! Chirita urticifolia, Buchanan Hamilton MSS. in Don, Nepal. 90. Chirita grandiflora, JVall. PI, Asiat. Bar., 1, p. 43, t. 50 TLANT.E JAVANICiE RARIORES. 599 2. Chiritajlava, Wall. List, n. 801. {Calosacme.) [ii7 Chirita pumila, Do7i, Nepal, p. 90. 3. Chirita acuminata, Wall. List, n. 802. {Calosacme.) Incarvillea oblongifolia, Roxb. Lid., vol. 3, p. 113. 4. Chirita dimidiata, Wall. List, n. 803. {Calosacme) 5. Chirita hifolia, Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal., p. 90, Royle, Illustr., p. 294, t. 70, f. 2. 6. Chirita maorophylla, Wall. List, No. 805 {Calosacme) j & PI. Asiat. Rar., 1, p. 56, t. 72. 7. Chirita Ilorsjieldii, foliis ovato-oblongis acutis ser- ratis scabris inaequalibus, bracteis orbiculatis calycibusque coloratis, stigmatis lamellis latioribus quani longis. Didymocarpus barbata. Jack, in Linn. Soc. Trans., 14, p. 38? Tromsdorffia speciosa, Blume, Bijdrayen, p. 762 ? ? Loc. Java, an. 1814. Dr. Horsfield. 8. Chirita scaberrima, foliis ovatis acutis crenatis sca- berrimis, stigmatis labellis longioribus quam latis. Loc. Java orientalis. Dr. Horsfield. 9. Chirita caridea, annua, foliis ovatis acutiusculis obso- lete dentatis subaequalibus loevibus, pedunculis apice di- phyllis : foliolis rcniformibus basi liinc (saspiiis) connatis, pedicellis ebracteatis subseriatis. Loc. Java, an. 1 814. Dr. Horsfield. 10. Chirita hamosa, foliis oppositis subaequalibus oblongis subovatisve, pedunculo coramuni cum petiolo connato; pedicellis seriatis bifidis simplicibusve. Didymocarpus? hamosa. Wall. List, n. 788. Loc. Trogla in Martabania. D. Wallich. Didymocarpus, Wall, in Malay. Misc. 1, No. 5, p. 1. Char. Gen. Calyx 5-divisus (v. tubulosus 5-fidas, 5-partitus). Corolla tubulosa, bilabiata. Stamina antlie- .«*, 600 PLANTiE JAVANICiE RARIORES. rifera 2 (raro 4) inclusa; antheris iraberbibus, loculis divergentibus. Stigma indivisum (saepe, ex abortione labii superioris, obliquum). Capaula valvis strictis. Seniina inappendiculata, sessilia. Herbee pubeacentea, cauleacentea vel acaulea ; foliia aer- ratia crenatiave petiolatiat caulinia oppoaitiaf vertidllatia alternme ; infloreacentia auhcymoaa. CLAVIS SPECIERUM. A. DiANDRJE. t Calyaa infundibuliformis, coloratus, tubo lobos super- ante, in plerisque basi transversim secedens. a. C«/ycw lobi rotundati. /S'%»?a obliquum (unilabiatum). Bractese perfoliatse, coloratse. 1. Caulescentes. Didymocarpua aromatica, villoaa, ohlonga, acuminata^ punduana. 2. Acaules. i Bidymocarpua macrophylla, pedicellata. |3. Calycia lobi acuti (glanduloso-pilosi). Bidymocarpua aubalternana, obtuaa. tt Calyx 5-partitus acutus persistens. a. Placentae latitudine valvularum, marginibus ovuliferis longitudinaliter revolutis. 1. Caulescentes. Bidymocarpua crinita, aerrata, racemoaa, corniculata, cordata, corchorifolia, reptana. 2. Acaules. Bidymocarpua miaaionia, Zeylanica. 118] /3. Capsula hinc dehiscens, inde diu cohserens. Pla- centae valvis angustiores. Bidymocarpua Bottleriana. ' 1 PLANTiE JAVANlCiE RAUIORES. 601 B. DlDYNAM^. a. Caulescentes. Did^mocarpm frutescens, elongata. i3. Acaulis. Didymocarjiua lanuginosa. Specierum Diagnoses. A. Diandrge. Calyce tubuloso infundibuliformi. a. Calycis lobi rotundati. 1. Bidymocarpus aromatica, foliis ovatis obovatisve inciso-crenatis, caule apice foliato petiolisque pube ap- pressa. Didymocarpus aromatica, Wall. PL Asiat. Mar. 2, p. 34, t. 141, exclus. fig. 4 — 7, ad Didymocarpum macro- phyllam pertinentibus. Didymocarpus primulifolia, Don, Nepal., p., 123. Log. Nepal. 2. Didymocarpus villosa, foliis obovatis inciso-crenatis adultis subsericeis, caule apice foliato petiolisque villi s patulis hirsutissirao. Didymocarpus villosa, Don, Nepal., p. 123. Zoo. Nepal. 3. Didymocarpus ohlonga, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis inciso- serratis adultis cauleque apice foliato glabriusculis. Didymocarpus oblonga, Wall, in litt. 1819, et Plant. Asiat. Bar. vol. 2, p. 34, tab. 140. Don, Nepal., p. 123. Didymocarpus verticillata. Wall. List, No. 783. Loc. Nepal. 4. Didymocarpus Punduana, foliis ternis caulem glabrius- culum terminantibus oblongis integris, pcdunculis pediccl- lisque pube glandulosa conspersis. Didymocarpus Punduana, Wall. List, No. 777. Loc. Montes Sylhet. '>-;■* A G09 PLANTS JAVANICvB RARI0RE8. II t ■ 5. Bidymocarpus acuminata, foliis caulem terminantibus approximatis late ovatis acuminatis duplicato-crenatis, pedi- cello capsula3 calycem persistentem superante. Loc. Chura-Poongi. Wallich. 6. Bidymocarpus pedicellatciy acaulis, ovariis glandulosia, capsulae pedicello calycem persistentem superante, stylo brevissimo. Didymocarpus macrophylla, BoyUt lllustr. p. 294, t. 70, f. 1. Loc. Karaoon. Royle, 7. Bidymocarpus macrophylla, acaulis, ovariis glandulis sessilibus conspersis, capsulae pedicello brevissimo. Didymocarpus macrophylla, TFall. List, No. 784. Bon, Nepal, p. 122. Didymocarpus plicata, Bon, Nepal, p. 122. Loc. Nepal. Wallich. /3. Calycis lobi acuti. 8. Bidymocarpiia subalternans, caulescens, foliis oppositis suboppositisve obtusis elongato-petiolatis. Didymocarpus subalternans. Wall. List, No. 782. Didymocarpus aromatica, Bon, Nepal, p. 123. Loc. Nepal. Wallich. 9. Bidymocarpus obtusa, scapis subradicalibus bifoliatis, foliis radicalibus elongato-petiolatis cordato-ovatis crenatis obtusis. Didymocarpus obtusa, Wall. List, No. 786. Didymocarpus aromatica, i?o», Nepal, p. 122. Loc. Nepal. Wallich. B. Diandrse. Calyce 5-partito acuto. Capsula utrinque simul dehiscens. 10. Bidymocarpus crinita, Jack, in Linn. Trans., 14, p. 33, t. 2, f. 2. Xoc. Java, an. 1814. Horsfield. Penang. JacJc, Wallich. cl c| PLANTiE JAVANIC.F, RARIORES. 003 11. Didi/mocarpus serrata, foliis oppositis sequalibus [no clliptico-lanceolatis serrulatis acutissimis : basi acuta aequali, cyinis bifidis, corollas tiibo limbum qiiadruplo superante. Loc. Sumatra? Horsfield. 12. Didymocarpm racemosa, Jack, 1. c, p. 34. 13. D. corniculata, Jack, 1. c, p. 36. 14. D. Gordata, Jack, Wall. List, No. 781. 15. D. corcJiorifoUa, Wall. List, No. 792. 16. D. reptam, Jack, 1. c. p. 35. 17. Bidymocarpus uiissioms, cai\\e brevissimo, pedunciilis axillaribus scapiformibus, foliis cordato-ovatis. Didyinocarpus ? missionis, Wali. List, No. 639. 18. JDidpnocarpus Zeylanica, sub-acaulis, scapis pauci- floris, foliis orbiculato-ovatis alte cordatis dentatis petiolo longioribus, calycis laciniis linearibus acutis. Loc. Zeylona. C. Diandra. Calyce 5-parHto acuto. Capsula hinc dehiscens inde tiiii cohaerens. 19. Bidymocarpiis Bottleriana, Wall. List, No. 778. D. Didynamae. 20. Bidymocarpus frutescens, Jack, in Linn. Soc. Trans., vol. xiv, p. 39. Wall. List, No. 780. Loc. Penang. 21. Didymocarpm elonyata, Jack, in Linn. Soc. Trans., vol. xiv, p. 37. Loc. Sumatra. Jack, Horsfield. 22. Bidymocarpus lanuginosa. Wall. List, No. 791. 601 FLANT.f: JAVANICiE RARI0RE8. Streptocarpus, Lindl. Bot. Regkl. 1173. Char. Gen. Calyie 5-partitus. Corolla bilabiata : tubo calycem duplo multotiesve superante. Stamina anthcrifera 2, inclusa : antheranira loculis divergentibus. Stigvia bilo- bum : labiis aequalibus brevissimis. Cajjsula elongata valvis (dextrorsiim) spiralibus. Semina inappendiculata. Herba3 pubeacentes vel caulescenteStfoliia oppositis sub- aqualibua, injlorescentid cymosd ; vel caule brevissimo, folio altero nano, pedunculia seriatis. t Caule abbreviate; foliis oppositis, altero nano; pedun- culis seriatis axillaribus. 1. Streptocarpus Rexii. Lindl. in Bot. Regist., t. 1173. Didymocarpus Rexii, Hooker in Bot. Mag., t. 3005. Loc. Africa australis. t+ Caulescentes, foliis oppositis subsequalibus petiolatis. Inflorescentia axillaris subcymosa. 2. Streptocarpus Helsingbergii, foliis ovatis crenatis pe- tiole quadruple longioribus, cymis paucifloris, corollse tubo calycem 4 — S-ies superante. Loc. Madagascar. Helsingberg Sf Bojer. 3. Streptocarpus Bojeri, foliis ovatis acutis grosse et sub- duplicato-crenatis petiolo quadruple longioribus, corollae tube calyce duplo longiore. Loc. Madagascar. Helsingberg 8{ Bojer. 4. Streptocarpus Thonipsonii, foliis subovatis evalibusque crenato-serratis petiolo paulo longioribus, coroUse tubo calyce duplo longiore. Loc, Madagascar. D. I. V. Thompson. 5. Streptocarpus paniculata^ foliis ovatis acutis crenato- serratis breve petiolatis, cymis elongato-pedunculatis pani- culatis. Loc. Madagascar. »J*^ f ,'V s -W'^ PLANTiE JAVANICiE RARIOR£S. 005 BiEA, Commerson, in Lam. Enc. Mcth. I, p. 401, ei iti ciao Juss. Gen. Plant., p. 121. Char. Gen. Cali/x 5-partitus. Corolla bilabiata tubo calycem vix requante. Stamina antherifera 2, antherarum loculis divergentibus. Stigma obtusum (subbilobura). Capsula elongata, valvis (dextrorstim) spiralibus. Semina inappendiculata. Herbse subacaules, foliia confertis; v. caule8ce?ites, foliis oppoaitis. 1. Baa Commersonii, caule abbreviate, foliis ovalibus cllipticisve obsolete crenato-serratis petiolatis pube apprcssA, subsericeis, pedunculis scapiformibus uni-paucitlorisvc : pedicellis calycibusqiie pube appressa eglandulosu. Bsea Magellanica, Lam. Enc. Meth. i, p. 401. Loc. "Isles Praslin," Commerson. 2. Baa hygrometrica, acaulis, foliis ovatis obovatisve crenatis utrinque lanatis basi cuneatis subsessilibus, scapis folio longioribus apice divisis, pedicellis calycibusqiie pube glandulosa patula. Dorcoceras hygronietrica, Bunge, in Mem. Acad. Imper. Sc. Petersb. Div. Sav. torn. ii. p. 128. Loc. China Borealis. Bunge. 3. Baa? Wallichii, acaulis, foliis obovatis crenatis crassis, scapis apice 2 — 4-floris. Didyraocarpus helicteroides, Wall. List. No. 789. Loc. ToongDong. Wallich. 06s. riores nondum visi, ideoque dubii generis. Capsula Streptocarpi et Baa. 4. Baa? multiflora, caule sufFruticoso, foliis oppositis petiolatis oblongis ovalibusve crenatis, paniculis axillaribus pedunculatis lanatis. Didymocarpus ? nuiltiflora, Wall. List, No. 793. Loc. Sylhet in montibus Pundiiah. Obs* Flores inexpansi soliim a nobis visi: tubo brevi A. 606 pLANTiij javanict; hariores. coroUao ni fallov cum Baca convenit sed habitus divcr- sissimus. Loxocaupuu. Char. Gen. Calj/i' 5-partitu3. Corolla tubo brevi. Stamina antherifera duo, antherarum loculis divergentibus. Stigma indivisum. Capsula calyce (paulo) longior, hinc dehiscens, placentis angustissirais. Scmina erecta, funiculis capillaribus elongatis. Herbn annua, incana ; foliia omnibus radicatibus jjetiotatis. Scapi apice subcori/mbosi, Lowocarpua incana. Loxonia? alata. Wall. List, No, 809. Loc. Penang. Epithema, Blume, Bijdrag.p. 737. Aikinin, Br. in WalLl iat. Bar. 3, j». 05, /. 288. Char. Gen. CV//yTiE JAVANIC^ RARIORES. hi MONOPHYLL^A. Char. Gen. Cal^^a^ 5-partitus, laciniis ovatisj sestiva- tione imbricata. Corolla bilabiata : labio superiore bilobo j inferiore trilobo. Stamina antherifera 4, antherarum loculis divergentibus. Ovarium disco dimidiato basi instructum. Stigma indivisum? Capsula calyce tecta, ruptilis? semi- bilocularis. Herba glabra. Folium tmicum caulem simplicissimum terminana, sessile, costatum, iategrum; racemi cort/mbosi, subseriati, ex ipsa basifolii. Monophf/llaa Horsfieldii. Log. Sumatra. Dr, Horsjield. Platystemma, JFall, PI. Asiat., 2, p. 42, t. 151. Char. Gen. Calga} dXih 5-fidusj aestivatione valvata. Corolla tubo brevissimo, limbo bihbiato patenti : labio superiore bilobo ; inferiore trifido. Stamina antherifera 4, cxserta, antherarum loculis divergentibus. Ovarium disco annulari basi cinctum, placentis ntrinque ovuliferis. Stigma indivisum. Capsula . . . .'' Herba pubescens; caule simplicissimo terminato folio unico inciso-crenato, quandoque cum altero nano stipuli/ormi ; racemo terminali nnico paucifloro. Rhabdothamnus, Cunningh.inAnn. Nat. Hist., 1, p. 460. Char. Gen. Calyx alte 5-fidus. Corolla tubo campa- nulato, 'Jimbo bilabiato. Stamina antherifera 4, exserta, antheris in coronulam cohaerentibus, loculis divaricatis. Stigma . . . Capsula demum 4-valvis, placentis utrinque seminiferis. Semina albuminosa. Frutex ramosissimus oppositifolius. Bhabdothamnus Solandri, Cunningh., 1. c. Loc. Nova Zelaudia. 1769, /. Banks 8f Solander, 1826, Cunningham. iiiiOwi— mi' 1 im PLANTiE JAVANICiB RARI0RE8. 600 133] FiELDiA, Cunningh. in Field's Mem. N. 8. Wales, p. 363. Char. Gen. Cali/x 5-partitus. Corolla tubulosa. Stamina antherifera 4, antherarum loculis parallelis. Stigma bilobum. Bacca subexsucoa. Suffrutex oppositifoliva. Fieldia australis, Cunninyh. I. c. p. 364, mm. tab. Rhtnchothecum, Blume Bijdr., p. 775. Corysanthera, Wall. List, No. 6411. Char. Gen. Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla bilabiata, tubo brevi. Stamina antherifera 4, inclusa ; anthera, loculis confluentibus, bivalves, valvula interiore minore. Bacca calyce cincta. SuflFrutices oppositi/olii, fasciculia paniculisve axillaribus. Centronia, Blume Bijdr., p. 776. Char. Gen. Calyx spathaceus, hinc fissus. Corolla infundibuliformis, limbo bilabiato patenti. Stamina an- therifera 4 inclusa; antheroe uniloculares, dorso ad basin calcaratae, lioerae. Stigma capitatura. Bacca siliquae- formis ; placentae carnosa3, lobis revolutis seminiferis. Herba carnoaa in radicibus arborum parasitica aphylla ; scapis squamatis. Obs. Character ex D. Blume qui ad banc familiam retulit plantam jTJyinetice forsan affiniorera. Centronia mirabilis, Blume, Bijdr., p. 777. Cyrtandra, Forst. Gen., t. 3. Getonia, Baiih ct Soland. MSS. Char. Gen. Calyx 5-fidus. Corolla infundibuliformis, bilabiata. Stamina antherifera 4, 2, inclusa, antherarum 39 Ff' (^Bi»*li.i.>«w.ft*p,»iij^wu>'{^*: 610 PLANTiE JAVANIC^ RARIORES. 1l loculis parallelis. Stigma bilobum. Bacca placentis revo- lutis undique seminiferis. Whitia, Biume, Bijdr., p. 774. Chae. Gen. Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla infundibuli- formis, bilabiata. Stamina antherifera 2 semiexserta, an- therarnin loculis baud parallelis. Stigma infundibuliforme. Bacca siliquseforinis. Frutices {Javanica) radiculites ; foliis qppositis integer- rimia incequalibm incequilateris ; inflorescentid a^Hlari fasci- culatd. 05s. Character a D. Bluine. II i PLANTi£ JAVANICiE RABI0AI8. 611 PTBROCYMBIUM JAVANICUM. cut Tab. XLV. Char. Gen. Flores polygarno-monoici (fere herma- phroditi). Calyos 5-fidus, paters. Anthera (10) simplici serie; loculis omnibus parallelis. Ovaria disperraa. Stiff- mata filiformia, recurvata. Pericarpia: Folliculi foliacei, naviculares, longe ante maturitatem aperientes. Semen unicum, albuminosum. Emhryonu Badicula hilo proxinia. Arbor, foliis lobatis indivisiave ; paniculis subterminalibus. Obs. Genus Sterculiacearum Scaphio proximum et for- san nimis affine. Scap/tiumverb differt: Antheria (15 — 20) congestis ; a^tflia arct6 cohserentibus ; atipnatibua coalitis, unicum lobato-capitatura efformantibus. Descb. — Arbor sylvestris, 50 — 60-pedalis; trunco modice crasso, cortice laevi, rufescenti-fusco ; coma patenti {D. Horsfield). Folia alterna, 5 — 3-loba, passim indivisa, cir- cumscriptione late ovata, basi cordata 5-nervia, lobis ellip- ticis breve acuminatis, sinubus obtusis ; diun indivisa, paulo altitis cordata, 3 — 5-nervia, brevissime acuminata: omnium adulta super glabra praeter nervos venasque pri- marias tenuissime pubescentes, pube simplici : subter pube simili magis copiosa, prsesertim in nervis venisque fere omnibus et insuper, rariore tamen et tenuiore, per totam paginam : novella utrinque pube stellari copios^ tecta. Petioli teretiusculi, undique pubescentes, antice sulco tenui exarati, basi apiceque pululum incrassati, quandoque folia subeequantes, ssepiiis dimidio et ultra breviores. Stipulae laterales, subulatse, caduca?. Panicula subterrainalis, e racemis alternis approximatis subcorymbosis. Pedicelli extra medium articulati, ipso articulo constricto, inter dilatationes duas manifestas. Bracteae omnes deciduae v. caducse. Calyx monophyllus, ad medium quinquefidus, aequalis, turbinato-canpanulatus, coriaceus, glaber, laciniis ,»»..«)iwiiijpiai^i}psi|.^p^ If: I. "I 612 PLANTiE JAVANIC^ RARIORES. '( Ir. \ toraento minutissimo cinereo marginatis, iiniuerse nervosus venisqiie anastoraosantibus, late semilanceolatis ; sestivatione valvata, alabastro 5-gono, turbinato ; tubo intus basi cor- pusculis scobiformibiis miniitis densissirae tecto. Corolla nulla. Flores hermaphroditi vel polygamo-monoici. Her- maphroditO' Masciili : Columna genitaliuni (gynostemium) e basi parum dilaiata cylindracea ; diinidio inferiore bre- viore, pube tenuissima simplici patenti ; siipei'iore glabro, apice parum dilatato (starainibus occultato) in urceoUim decern- v. octo-dentatum antheriferum. Antherae 10 v. 8 220] simplici serie dispositae, incumbentes, supra medium affixue; loculis appositis, contiguis, linearibus, longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Pollen laeve, subovale. Pistilla omnibus punctis fer^ ut in Femineis. Herma^hrodito-Fenmiei : Columna quandoque brevissima. Antherae ut in masculis numero et dispositions polline forsan effoeto. Ovaria 5 (rarb 6) ipso apice columnae insidentia, sessilia, arcto approxiraata, distincta tamen, dorsi apice gibboso, ita ut stylus quasi lateralis evadit, disperma ; ovulis coUateralibus erectis anatropis. Styli 5 — 6, arete approximati, leviter coliaerentes, breves. Stigmata filiformia, recurvata, intus longitudinaliter papulosa. Pericarpia 5 — 6, aliqua saepe abortientia, foUicularia, singula stipiti filiformi pubescenti insidentia; stipite communi 3-angulato, vix longitudine calycis diil persistentis baud mutati. Folliculi cito post foecundationem et longe ante semiiiis maturitatem aperientes, foliacei, reticulato-venosi, naviculares ; dimidio inferiore duplo profundiore ibique carina in lobulum obtusum pro- ducta, superiore planiusculo. Semen unicum maturescens, cxsertnm, basin folliculi occupans, erectum, basi insertuiu, sphaericum, laeve, tenuissime pubescens prbe simplici. Inte- guraentum triplex j extimum crustaceo-membranaceum, latere interiore, respectu axeos communis folliculorum, linea parum elevata ab hilo ad apicem ducta raphera indi- cante insignitum, superficie interiore praeter rapliem venis per alterum latus recurrentibus ad basin tendentibus, ramo crassiore raphi opposito; inter hocce integumentum (v. epidermidem testae) et medium substantia adest parca subfloccosa : medium (endospermiuni) nucaraentaceum, PLANT.E JAVANICiE RARIORES. 613 apice extiis areola circulari (clialaza) insignituin : iniimum (integumentum interius) membranaceum. Albumen micleo conforme, bipartibile, amypjdaliniira, albiiui. Embryo erectus, fere longitiuliue seminis, albus. Cotyledones lati- tudine albumiuis idque bipartientes, foliaceje: Radicula hilo proxima, brevis, subovata. Pteroci/mbiiwi javanicnm, according to Dr. Ilorsfield, grows scattered among other trees in the luxuriant forests which, at a small elevation above the sea, cover many of the [)lains in the central and eastern districts of Java. The native name is W'uiinc/ or Kemoonoony. Tab. XLV. Fig. 1. A branch bearing leaves. Fig. 2. A portion of the panicle, bearing ripe fruits. Fig. 3. An unexpanded flower. Fig. 4. The same, slightly magnified, opened longitudinally, the sexual organs being at that period sessile and the anthers closed. Fig. 5. An anther seen in front. Fig. 6. The same, seen from behind. Fig. 7. The column thickened at top, which in Fig. 8 is seen divided into ten teeth. Fig. 9. One of the pistilla, cut longitudi- nally to show the two erect collateral ovula. Fig. 10. The half of an expanded flower, in which the colunm is elon- gated. Fig. 11. The base of a carpel, with its single seed. Fig. 13. The seed, deprived of its outer integument. Fig. 13. The same, after the removal of the inne integu- ment. Figs. 14 and 15. The embryo, with its bipartite albumen. Sterculiace^, to which Pterocgvibitim evidently belongs, was first proposed as a distinct natural family by Ventenat in 1804;^ his only character separating it from MaloaccfS being the presence of albumen surrounding the embryo, and from Tiliacece its monadelphous stamina. In 1814,^ in suggesting the formation of Natural Classes cf plants and proposing Malvacas as one of these classes, I referred Sterculiaceol. i. p. 11]. !' I :i:^^^ 614 PLANTiE JAVANICJ! RARIORES. I ■'! j! \ > more limited than Ventcnnt appears to have done; con- sidering it as sufficiently distinct from Buitneriacece, to great part of which, however, Ventenat's two principal characters of Sterculiccea equally belong. 221] In endeavouring to establish the characters and affini- tiesoi Fferocpubium, it became necessary to examine those of the established genera most nearly related to it, and as this examination has led me to adopt considerable alterations in arrangement, and enabled me to make some additions to the number of species, I shall here give the characters of the genera and species of that tribe to which the name of Sicrculiea has been applied by DeCandolle and Endlichcr, prefacing that a.>.uant with a history of the tribe, and espe- cially of the genus Sterculia, from its formation to the present time. In the botanical history of Sterculia, it is not necessary to go farther back than 1747, when Linnaeus first published his character of the genus,^ founded on the specimens and unpublished figures of Hermannus, whose Ceylon herbarium, of which the Museum Zeylanicum is a catalogue, had been sent from Copenhagen for his inspection. The result of a careful examination of this herbarium was the publication in 1748 of the 'Flora Zeylanica.' Hermann's herbarium (purchased by Sir Joseph Banks and now in tha British Museum) contained flowering specimens of Sterculia foetida and Balan(/ha8, and the fruits of both species were figured by Hermann himself in the volume of drawings which accompanied the herbarium. From these materials, confirmed no doubt by the figures of the fruits in 'Hortus Malabaricus' and 'Herbarium Amboinense,' the Linnean genus was entirely established. The character given, however, is strictly applicable to Sterculia foetida only ; and Linnaeus was probably induced to refer Balanghas to the same genus, either from not having distinctly seen the remarkable form of the flower in that species, or, which is more likely, disregarding that difference, was determined by the exact resemblance in its * *Nova Genera Plantarum, respondente Dassow' p. 13. PLANTiB JAVANICiB HARIORES. 615 fruit to that of S.fcetida, both being figured in the volume of drawings ah'cady referred to. These were the only materials he appears ever to have examined, and his own herbarium contained absolutely nothing except a single leaf of S. foetida : the generic character consequently remains unchanged in all his subsequent works. In 'Flora Zeylanica,' Linnaeus correctly includes Sterculia in his Class Monoecia, notices the imperfect stamina in the female flower, and only overlooks the minute rudiments of ovara in the male flower. He referred the genus to his Natural Ov&QxTricocciP (very nearly correspond- ing with the Euphorbiacea of Jussieu), as appears first in ' Philosophia Botanica/ published in 1751, and afterwards in the sixth edition of his 'Genera Plantarum' in 17G4. In this determination of its affinity he was followed by Bernard de Jussieu in 1759, by Adanson in 1763 ; and in a manuscript list of the arrangement of plants adopted in 1779 in the Paris Garden, I find Sterculia still placed in the same family. The generic character of Sterculia, as given by Linnaeus, who does not notice, and had no oppor- tunity of ascertaining the structure of the seed, might with very slight alteration stand for that of the whole tribe, xleritiera alone excepted. In the order of time, the next work in which the same genus is described, though under a different name, is Aublet's • History of the Plants of French Guiana,'^ which appeared in 177-^. He describes his genus Ivira^ which all subsequent botanists have referred to Sterculia, as having hermaphrodite flowers, with ten stamina, and the capsules or follicles surrounded at the base with rigid filiform pro- cesses, formed as he states by the enlargement of the hairs which according to him exist in the flowering state. But from an examination of the specimens in his own herba- rium (purchased by Sir Joseph Banks and now in the British Museum), as well as from others collected in the same country by the late celebrated Professor Richard, it appears that the '^ ^^wers are unisexual ; that the hairs of the 'i\ p. 695, t. 379. "^■J'»«' lt i ' . eifl PLANTJ5 JAVANICiE RARIORES. urceolua antherarun? which Aublet describes, and which, as he states, by their enlargement form the mass of rigid processes surrounding the ripe fruit, have no existence; and that this singular appendage to the fruit is an acci- dental structure or monstrosity, probably of rare occiu*- rence, of which I have found a single specimen among the loose fruits of his herbarium. In 1775 also was published the 'Flora -^gyptiaco- Arabica* of Forskael, who describes a supposed new genus, Culhamia} wiiich is no doubt a species of Sterculia, cer- tainly, however, not phdanifoUa as Vahl affirms, but 822] perhaps either S. tomentosa of the * Flora Senegambiae,* or the nearly related species abi/ssinica. Culhamia is de- scribed as having hermaphrodite flowers, and it is stated that the style, which is originally concealed by the stamina, only becomes visible after the expansion of ,the flower, so that here we have the same account of structure aud gradual development of pistillum which was afterwards given by Cavanilles and adopted by de Jussieu. In 1786, in the first volume of the 'Acta Acad. Patavin,''^ ?,l«rsili proposed a new genus related to Sterculia, and formed of St. platanifolia of the * Supplementura Plantarum* of the younger Linngeus. In 1788 Cavanilles published his fifth dissertation on Monadelphous plants, in which Sterculia^ appears with its characters considerably modified, Ivira of Aublet being included in it, and some additional species described. He refers the genus to Monadelphia, states the flowers to be hermaphrodite, and accounts for their unisexual appearance by assuming the gradual and more tardy development of the female organ ; he also describes the stigma as either bifid or with five rays, the supposed existence of the bifid stigma being founded on an error in the drawing of 8. platanifolia by Mile. Basseporte, from which his engraving is copied. In 1789 the immortal work of A. L. de Jussieu ap- peared. Sterculia is there* for the first time correctly p. 96. « p. 106. » p. 284. * p. 278. ■-Ss^aii^si^t' PLANTJE JAVANICB RARIORES. 617 referred to the Natural Order Mahacea as then under- stood : the generic characters, however, are stated to be taken from Aublet and Cavanilles. The erroneous assertion of the latter that the flowers are hermaphrodite, and his account of the gradual development of pistillum are adopted, and finally Jussieu expresses a doubt whether the embryo is corrugated, which he describes it to be in all the other genera of the same section of Malvacees, and which he considers as one of the principal characters of that Natural Order. In Schreber's edition of the ' Genera Plantarum'^ of Linnaeus, published the same year, Stcrculia is referred to Dodecandria^ and the few changes made in the character are apparently taken from Cavanilles, and among these is the stiff ma bifidim. In 1789 also Dryander, in the first edition of 'Hortus Kewensis,* established, partly from the manuscripts of J. G. Koenig, the genus Heritiera,^ which he justly places next to Sferculia, and refers both to Mo7ioecia MonadeJphia . Neither in Willdenow's edition of the * Species Planta- rum' of Linnaeus, nor in Persoon's * Synopsis' is any important alteration made in the character of the genus, which, following Schreber, is referred by Willdenow tc Dodecandria, and by Persoon to Monadelphia. In 1804 Ventenat, in his 'Jardin de la Malmaison,'^ gives a considerably altered, and in most respects improved character of Sterculia, of which with some other genera of Malvacea, and the first section of Jussieu's Tiliacea, he pr^^oses to form a new Natural Order, Sterculiacea, his principal distinguishing character of which has been alreptly mentioned. He refers the genus to Monadelphia Bodec^ndria of the Linnean system for no very sufficient reason, namely the existence of the rudiments of the other sex in both the male and female flowers. He is the first to notice the albumen hipartihile and radicula emhryonis umbi- lico opposita or contraria, both of which he introduces into > p. 324. ' Vol. iii. p. 546. • Vol. ii. fol. 91. 618 PLANTiB JAVANICiE RARI0RE8. 1/ ' the character of the genus. Brsiilcs these improvements in the account of the genus, ho has given the tlistinguishing characters of several new species. In 1805 M. PaUsot de Beauvois, in his 'Flore d'Oware et de Benin,'^ in describing his Slerculia acuminata, in- troduces several alterations into his character of the genus, most of which belong only to the species he has there described, and some of which may be considered of generic importance, especially the remarkable structure of anthera;. In 180G Salisbury proposes a new genus, Southwellia, formed of all such species of Stercidia as have the seg- ments of the calyx connivent with cohering apices ; this being the only character distinguishing it from the rest of the genus. In the same year Poiret, in the article StercuUa of the Botanical Dictionary of the 'Encyclopedic Methodique,'^ iJ23] considers the flowers as hermaphrodite, and adopts the explanation given by Forskael, Cavanilles and de Jussieu. In his generic character there is no improvement ; but he suggests the probable expediency of afterwards dividing the genus, when the structure of the various plants referred to it is better known. In 1819 Sir James (then Dr.) Smith, in Rees's 'Cyclo- pedia,' in his account of Stercidia, takes no notice of the structure of seed, and is inclined to agree with Schreber and Willdenow in referring it to Bodecandria. If the genus should be hereafter subdivided, he seems more dis- posed to trust to differences in the styles and stigmata than to those very remarkable modifications of fruit, with some of which he was acquainted, believing them not to be sup- ported by other characters, and in proof of this instancing St. platanifolia and colorata, so similar in fruit, and so unlike each other in the form of the flower. In 1824 DeCandolle, in the first volume of his 'Prodro- mus,' forms a tribe which he calls Stercidiea, consisting of Sferculia and Heritiera, referring it to Buttneriacea. The » Vol. i. p. 40. » Vol. vii. p. 428. ai*'aii PLANTiB JAVANlCiE RAHI0RE8. Old most remarkable circumstance in his character of SfercuHea, is his describing the embryo as erect, which, if 1 rightly interpret his meaning, although applicable to a few species, is directly contrary to the more usual structure. Sterculia as a genus ho distinguishes from Hcritiera by the existence of albumen, which, however, is not universally present, and dehiscence of the follicles ; the direction of embryo is not noticed in his characters of either of these two genera. In 1827 M. Auguste de St. Ililniro, in the * Plantes Usuelles des Brasiliens,' gives, appended to his account of a supposed new species of Sterculia, an improved character of the genus, though in this character he describes the albu- men as a coat of the seed; the "embryon antitrope' is considered as common to the whole genus. In the remarks that follow he supports Linnacus's account of his classifi- cation of the genus, in opposition to the observations of iTussieu which he refers to, but which he does not seem to be aware were adopted from Cavanilles, and perhaps also from Forskael, with whom a similar account originated. In the same year he published a Livraison of his * Flora Brasilia) Meridionalis,' in which work, as in the 'Plantes Usuelles,' owing to the state of his health, he was assisted by MM. Adrien de Jussieu and Cambessedes. In the * Flora Brasiliae ' ^ an enlarged, and in many respects improved character is given of Sterculia, of which the principal dif- ference from that in the ' Plantes Usuelles ' is, his admit- ting the existence of albumen divided into two equal seg- ments, which, he correctly states, frequently cohere with the corresponding cotyledons, the first distinct notice I believe of that remarkable economy: he states also, that where the seeds are ascendent, the radicle of the embryo points to the hilum, and where they are transverse, in the diametrically opposite direction. His character, therefore, of the genus is so framed as to include every species of Sterculia of DeCandolle, as far as the author was acquainted with their structure. It will hereafter appear, however, that neither is the existence of albumen universal, nor is ■ ' Vol. i. p. 277.. 620 PLANTiE JAVANICiE RARI0RE8. 1 \ :! i i'' . 1 the direction of the embryo dcpcndont on tlint of the seed, even in tlie cnrpella of all the species then published. In 1831, in the 'Flore do Sem'!, but to the whole of the Natural Class Malvacea:, to which that order belongs; aud it becomes still more remarkable in 622 PLANTiG JAVANICiG RARI0RE8. < regard to the state of the unimpregnated ovuUim, which T have some reason to beUeve is not orthotropous as might be expected, and as it has been described, but apparently anatropous, and that perhaps in the whole tribe. As, however, my observations on this subject are entirely made from the macerated ovaria of dried specimens, the state- ment here made must be received as requiring confirmation from the exauiination of living plants, and of a greater number of species.^ From this ordinary direction of embryo in the tribe, the deviations are of two kinds : the first, and no doubt the more important, is that in which the radicle is placed at a point close to the umbilicus, which is the most general structm*e in Phcenogamous plants j but as it never points directly within the umbilicus, either in this or any other family, I have modified the expression generally employed in such cases. The second deviation is where the umbilicus is placed on or near th: middle of the ripe seed with the radicle pointing to its lower extremity; in other words, where ihe embryo is parallel to the umbilicus. But this position of umbilicus of the ripe seed does not necessarily imply an exactly similar insertion in the unimpregnated ovulum ; and in this tribe I am inclined to believe that in many cases the foramen of the ovulum is so close to the 925] umbilicus as to appear anatropous, and that it ulti- mately becomes more distant from the unequal growth of the opposite extremities of the seed. The exceptions to the ordinary structure in Sterculieee which appear to be next in importance are the modifications in texture, and especially in the period of dehiscence of the seed-vessel or carpel, or even its nondehiscence, for in this respect the tribe admits of the two extremes. In the first, where the carpel opens long before the ripening of the seed, its texture is always foliaceous, and the embryo may ' The species of Slerculia with orthotropous embryo in which I liave found this unexpected position of foramen in the unimpregnated ovulum, are/aiida, guttata, carthaginensis, noliilis, and angnsti/olia ; and in the ripe seeds of traga- eantha, urens, villosa, and quadrijida, an indication of a lateral foramen near the base is still visible, but which in /cetida I have not been able to detect. PLANTiE JAVANICiB RARIORES. 623 be either transverse, that is, having its radicle distant from the umbilicus, or approximated to it. The want of Albumen in this tribe is also a character of considerable value, but its absence is not quite so frequent as has been supposed, there being some room for doubt where its union with the cotyledons is most intimate. The deviations from ordinary arrangement of the ^«///er<® may be considered as next in value to those already enume- rated ; of these modifications, that of the greatest importance is where the antherse are disposed in a simple series and equidistant ; this occurs I believe only when tbey are ten in number, or in the very rare case where they are reduced to five ; the mere number, where they are not equidistant nor closely approximated, seems to be of much less im- portance. The degrees of development of stamina in the female flower can never be employed in the formation of genera : in several, perhaps in many cases, the antherae contain pollen, but, on comparing it with that of the male flower, I am disposed to believe it to be imperfect or effete. It would seem at first sight, that, in the numerous cases where the style is deflected, the stigmata are so closely approxi- mated to the antherae, that impregnation by their pollen is at least probable ; but by this deflection of style the stig- mata are equally exposed to the influence of the antherae of the male flowers, which are generally lateral, while the female is terminal, the exposure ])eing nearly equal, whether the inflorescence is pendulous or erect. The modifications of calyx in SfercuUea, especially in the depth of division and direction of its segments, have hardly more than specific or sectional value; and even those processes which occur in several species, either in the segments or tube, seem to be of no greater importance. The most remarkable anomaly of all is the induplicafe *;stivation found in a single species belonging to New Hol- land and in Sterculia villosa of Roxburgh. This mode of aestivation readily passes into the valvular in tiie corolla of several families, and is therefore of no great weight. It is singular that so great a difference as that between I TBBm "■■iMmvp 624) PLANTS JAVANICE RAHIORES. simple and compound leaves should in this tribe be uncon- nected with other cha-acters, and the very few plants in which compound leaves occur diiler widely from each other in the form of their flowers or direction of their segments. I II' II Sterculie^. Desc. Tribus. — Flores diclines, monoici, Masculi cum rudimento, saepius minuto et antheris occultato, pistilli : raro stigmatibus ovulisque fere ut in femineis. Femiuei antheris manifestis sgepe donatis polline sed semper effoetr> Calyx monophyllus, 5-fidus, nunc 5-partitus, raro 4- v. 0-fidus, sequalis, coloratus j aestivatione valvata rarissime induplicata; deciduu^, quandoque r^frcescens. Corolla nulla. Gi/nostemium, columna genitalia sustinens, calyce brevius v. longius raro abbreviatum fere nullum, in cujus apice Antlierce subsessiles quindecim, nunc decern, quan- doque viginti (raro quinque) urceolum abbreviatum cyathi- formem rarissim^ tubulosum terminantes, in capituluni inordinatim oongestae, v. in fasciculos quinque cum ovariis alternantes polyadelphse (nunc dum decern v. quinque, sa^pius in serie simplici dispositae) ; biloculares, loculis dis- tinctis, parallelis (raro divaricatis). Pollen simplex, laeve, sphaeroideum. Ovaria 5, raro 4 v. G (rarissime 10 — 12), leviter cohaerentia, polysperma (nunc tetra- v. disperma, raro monospemia). Ovida angulo intenio ovarii, duin inde- 820] finita duplici raro quadruplici serie, inserta. 8tyli tot quot ovaria, coaliti v. arete approximati, et tunc saepe arete deflexi (nunc ad basin fere distincti, quandoque nulli). SHijmata in unicum subcapitatuni quiuquelobum coluurentia, V. distincta subcylindracea indivisa. Feticarpia : Folliculi coriacei v. lignci (raro subraembranacei) haud ante maturi- iatem seminum dehiscentes (in nonnullis in quibus ovula deiinita (2 v. 4) cito post faecundationem aperientes, foliacei) (raro clausi, nucamentacei). Semina aptera rarissime apice alata), unibilico sajpc omnino nudo, qiiundoque strophiola parva, rarissime si unquam? arillo carnoso incompleto? aucto. Inte^iimeutum triplex (in exalbuminosis simplex: '.;W^-i" V-^**- PLANTJl JAVANIC^ RARIORES. 699 ola 10? ;x : dum triplex extimum, quasi testae lamina exterior, tenue, crustaceum, superficie interiore ssepiiis vasculosa, inter hoc et medium substantia laxe cellulosa vel stnposa v. pulvarea saepe obvia; medium, quasi testae lamina interna, cartilagineo- nucamentaceum, evasculosum semper ; intimum membrana- ceum, quandoque evanidum. Albumen amygdalino-camo- sum, album, bipartibile! segmenta saepius cotyledonibus cohaerentia, in quibusdam cum iisdem conferruminata, et textura v. colore pauUo diverse tantum indicata quan- doque nullum. Embryo dicotyledoneus, albus, longitudine albuminis, antitropus (nunc orthotropus v. transversus). Cotyledones in albuminosis latitudine albuminis et saepids foliaceae (in exalbuminosis semper carnosae). Radicida v. hilo contraria et centrifiiga (v. approximata et centripeta, V. transversa et infera). Plumula parva sed manifesta. — Arbores intra tropica sapius provenie?ites, et tamen omnes foliis deciduis. Folia alterna, petiolata^ simplicia, indivisa V. lobata, raro digitato-composita,foUolis cum petiolo arti- culafis : omnia ^pube scepiissime steliald, in quibusdam nulla, presertim in pagind superior e, v. in adaltis decidud. Petiolus teretiusculus, basi ei apice paullo incrassatis. Stipulae laterales, di!^finct(S, plerumque subulatee et caduca. Inflo- rescentia scepius pauiculata v. raceiuosa^ pendula, quandoque fasciculis axillaribus v. ramcis erect is : bracteolis caducis pedicellis medio v. juxta apicem articulatis. Char. Ordinarius Tribus. Flores polygamo-monoici, C'«///itf 5-fidus, cestivatione vjilvata. Coro//« nulla. Genitalia stipitem tenninantia. Jn///< ve 15, cougestae v. polyadelphae, biloculares ; loculis parallelis. Ovaria 5, pluriovulata. Styli cohacreutes. Stigma cli\isuin v. lobatiim. Folliculi ligaeo-coriacei, polyspcnui. Embryo rectus, longitudine albuminis bipartihilis. Cotyledones albumini cohoerentes. Uadicula hilo contraria. Char5iC'['krks iNivKRSALKS. Floreg unisexuales. Calyas coioratus, Ji ((ualls, ,i>stivatione valvata raro ejusdeni niodi- ii I >iu imluplicata. Corolla 0. Stmnina hypogyna. An- rct biloculares. l^ricarpia distincta. 40 ^j 626 PLANTS JAVANJCiG RARIOR£S. w Sterculia. Sterculiae pars auctorumfere omnium. Char. Gen. Calyx 5-fidus (raro 4-fidus). Anther a v. inordinatim congestae v. polyadelphae. Ovaria pluriovulata. /Syy? cohaerentes (in unicum saepiiis arete deflexum). Sti^- inata in unicum 5-lobum coalita quandoque distincta. FoUiculi lignei v. coriacei. Semina albuminosa ; albuniine bipartibili cum cotyledonibus plus minus arete cohgerenti. Mmhryonis radicula hilo contraria. — Arbores intra trqpicoa Asia {et insularum adjacentium) Africa et America prove- nientes. Folia indivisa, v. lobata, v. in paticis digitatim 227] coniposita. Inflorescentia v. panicidata v. racemosa, in pleriaqiie nutans ; floribus terminalihus sapiUs pracocioribus etfemineis, et in his stylus arete defiexus. « * Folia composita, digitata: foliolis cum petiolo arti- culatis et separatim solubilibus. a. Calgcis lacinia patula. Sterculia (foetida) foliolis 7 — 5 elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis petiolatis vix quadruple longioribus quam latis utrinque glabris. S. foetida, Linn., DeCand. Loc. Nat. India orientalis, Insulaeque Moluccanse. Obs. Varietatem in ora septeiitrionali Novae Hollandiae, anno 1802, legi cujus vence primariae subflexuosae et magis deliquescentes. S. {polypltylla) foliolis 9 — 11 lineari-lanceolatis elon- gatis sessilibus sexies longioribus quam latis utrinque glabris. Loc. Nat. E Sumatra, ad fretura Sunda, folium unieum reportavit D. G. Staunton (v. s.). Obs. Figura Clompani majoris, Bumph. Amb. iii, t. 107, sat bene respondet, arboremque juvenilem biorgyalem, foliis PLANTJB JAVANICJS RARIORES. G27 omnibus sumatrano similibus, in Hort. Reg. Paris, cultam anno 1843 vidi. S. [mexicana) foliolis 7 cuneftto-oblongis basi attcnuatis petiolatis glaberrimis, floribus (raasculis) paniculatis, calyci- bu8 intus barbatis. Loc. Nat. Mexico ad Chiapas D. Linden v. s. in Herbb. Hort. Paris, et D. Delessert. Obs. Ferainei flores et pericarpia desiderantur ideoque genus incertum. * )3. Calycis lacinia conniventes, apicibus diu coha- rentibus. S. {versicolor) foliolis oblongo-ellipticis acuminatis subtus tomentosis. S. versicolor, Wall., PL asiat. rar. i, p. 48, tab. 59. Loc. Nat. Ind. or. ad ripas Irrawaddi D, Wallich. Obs. Fructus ignotus. ** Folia simplicia, aliqua v. omnia lobata. Calycis lacinia patentes. S. {urens) foliis 3 — 5-lobis subtus tomentosis velutinis, paniciilis compositis erectis, calycis laciniis basi lingula deflexa, floribus decandris, urceolo antheraruni cylindraceo, stylo erecto. S. urens, Bq^b. Corom. pi. i, p. 25, t. 24. Loc. Nat. India orientalis, Roxburgh. S. {villosa) foliis 5 — 7-lobis acuminatis subtus tomentosis velutinis, paniculis compositis pendulis, calycis a3stivatione induplicata ! stylo deflexo. S. villosa, Eoxb. Fl. ind. iii, p. 153. Loc. Nat. Ind. or., Roxburgh. S. {abyssinica) foliis 3 — 5-lobis adultis super glabris subter pubescentibus, racemis (femineis) sub-simi)licibus nutantibus, calycibus glabriusculis : laciniis intus extra ■■Mi 628 PLANTiE JAVANICiE RARI0RE8. medium villosis, columna genitalium glaberrimo calyce breviore, stylo recurvo, foUiculis polyspermis intus setos's. S. abyssinica, B. B. in Salt, Trav. app.^ p. Ixiv. Loc. Nat. Abyssinia, D. Salt. 228] S. {tomentosa) foliis cordatis plerisque trilobis adultis utrinque tomentosis velutinis, floribus racemosis pen- dulis, calycibus extds tomentosis, stipiti genitalium piloso. S. tomentosa, Guillem. Perrottet et Richard, Flor. 8ene- gamh.y i, p. 81, tab, 16. Loc. Nat. Africa sequinoctialis. Ohs. S. abyssinica nimis affinis. S. {Triphaca) foliis reniformibus acutis indivisis obsolete trilobisve adultis sup^r glaberrimis subter glabriusculis, ovariis 2 — 3, stylo recurvo, stigmate lobnto-capitato. Triphaca africana, Lour. Cochin., 577 (et DeCand. Prodr.) fid. fragm. ab ipso Loureiro in Herb. Mus. Paris. Loc. Nat. Africa orientali-australis contra Mozambique, Loureiro. S. [cartliaginensii) foliis 3 — 5-lobis obtusis acutiusculisve cordatis adultis super glabratis subnitentibus subter velu- tino-tomentosis cinereia venulis immersis, calycibus extus furfuraceo-tomentosis intiis glabris, stylo recurvo. S. carthaginensis, Cav. Diss, vi, p. 353. S. Helicteres, Pers. Syn. ii, p. 240. DeCand. Prodr. i, p. 483. S. Chicka, Aug. St. Hil. PI. usuell. des Brasil., tab. 46, etFl. Brasil. merid., i, p. 278, fid. exempl. abipso Auct. in Herb. Mus. Paris. Helicteres apetala, Jacq. Amer., p. 238, ubi desc. opt. cum ic. fior. in tab. 181, fig. 97, fide floris unici feminei in Herbario ipsius Jacquin in Museo Britannico asservato. Obs. Ab hac vix differt Chichcea acerifolia, Presl, Reliq. Haenck. ii, p. 141, quamvis ad plantam suam stylum erectum attribuit ; et hujus loci forsan St. punctata, DeCand. Prodr. i, p. 483, vix obstante foliorum lobis acu- minatis figurae ineditae. PLANTiE JAVANICiE RARI0RE8. 629 S. {striata) foliis 3 — 5-lobis acutiusciilis obtusisve cordatis adultis sup^r glabris non nitentibus subter pubesceritibus rugosis venulis emersis, calycibus extiis pilosis. S. striata, Au^. St. Ililaire et Naudin, in Annal. des sc. nat., ser. 2, torn, xviii, bot. p. 213. Loc. Nat. Brasilia, v. Martius (in cujus herb. S. chicka) et D. Gardner. *** Folia simpticia, omnia indiviaa. o. Calyx b-partifus, patem ; laciniis medio inths linynld {aquamuld ahhrimafd) auctis. Antherce decern^ sedsub- congestce {nee aquidistantes) . S. (Ivira) foliis ovato-oblongis aciitis basi obtusa (nee cordata) adultis super glabris subter petiolisque to- mentosis. Ivira pruriens, Aubi. Guian., p. 695, t. 279. Cha- racter ab ipso exemplari Aubletii in Herb. Banks. Mus. Brit. S. Ivira, Sw. Prodr. p. 98, Flor. Ind. -Occident, ii, p. 1160. Obs. Character specific, et descr. Swartzii praescrtini e desciiptione Aubletii deprompta est, sed partim a sequenti. S. {caribced) foliis ovato-oblongis acutis basi obtusa, adultis super petiolisque glaberrimis subter glabriusculis. Loc. Nat. In Insulis Caribaeis legit De Ponthicu. S. {propinqua) foliis oblongo-ovatis acutis basi cordata [229 subter tomentosis. Zoc. Nat. A Surinam misit D. Hostmann. Obs. A S. Ivira foliis basi cordata praesertiin (!t vix aliter differt. S. {/rondosa) foliis ad apiceni ramuli confertis oblongis obtusissimis basi obtusiuscula laevibus adultis super glaber- rimis nitidis subter glabris venulis alte immersis, raceniis axillaribus pedunculatis divisis. 680 FLANTiE JAVANIC^ RARI0RE8. Sterculia frondosa, Richard in Act. soc. hist. nat. paris., p. 111. Loc. Nat. Guiana Gallica, D. Richard. S. {Surinamemis) foliis ad apicem rami confertis oblongis obtusissimis basi obtusiuscula adultis utrinque pubes- centibus venulia subter pariim cmersis, racerais axillaribus pedunciilatis divisis. Loc. Nat. A Surinam misit D. Hostmann, v. s. in Herb. D. Hooker. S. {rugosa) foliis oblongis obtusissimis venis venulisque subter prominentibus rugosis. Loc. Nat. In Demerara detexit A. Anderson, Horti Bo- tanici Ins. Sti. Vincentii tunc praefectus. *** /3. Calyx patens, laciniis absque linguld. S. {guttata) foliis oblongo-ovatis acutis acuminatisve basi obtusa subcordata adultis subter tomentosis, racemis axillaribus indivisis, floribus subternis subsessilibus, calyci- bus extiis furfuraceo- tomentosis intiis villosis. Sterculia guttata, Roxb. Ft. ind. iii, p. 148. a. folia oblongo-ovata acuta. /3. folia obovata acuminata, racemis folio multoties brevioribus. Loc. Nat. Ind. Or., D. Roxburgh. S. {Madagascariensis) foliis oblongis alte cordatis ob- tusis adultis utrinque glaberrimis, racemis compositis, pedunculis calycibusque extus pube stellari cinereis. Loc. Nat. Madagascar, B. Richard de Bourbon in Herb. Mm. Paris. S. {Roxburghii) foliis ovalibus oblongisve acuminatis basi obtusa utrinque glabris, racemis axillaribus folio brevioribus, calycibus profunde 5-fidis: laciniis lanceatis imberbibus. Sterculia Roxburghii, Wall. List, n. 1124!. Sterculia lanceaefolia, Roxb. Fl. ind. iii, p. 150. Loc. Nat. Ind. Or., Sillet, Br. Wallich. PLANTS JAVANIC^ RARI0RE8. 681 S. (Janceolafa) foliis eiliptico-lanccolatis acutis basi acutiusculd adultis utrinque glabris, paniculis axillaribus folio brevioribus, calycibus quinquepartitis patulis iniberbi- bus glabriusculis. Sterculia lanceolata, Cav. Diss. \, p. 287, t. 143, f. 1. Lindl. in Bot. resist., 1256. Log. Nat. China. S. {parvifolid) foliis lanceolatis utrinque glabcrrimis acutis subacuminatisve basi acuta, racemis axillaribus sim- plicibus folio brevioribus. Sterculia parvifolia, JFall. List, n. 1123. cmo Loc. Nat. Ins. Penang, Dr. Wallich. S. {Javanica) foliis obovatis acuniine brcvissiino basi obtusa subcordata subt^r tomentosis, paniculis cernuis, calycibus patulis utrinque tomentosis. Sterculia cordata, Blume Bijdr., p. 8C ? Loc. Nat. Java, Dr. Horsficld. S. {macrophylla) foliis alto cordatis obtusis indivisis subtor tomentosis, paniculis lateralibus cernuis, calycibus 5-fidis paten^ibus. Sterculia macrophylla, Vent. Malm, ii, n. 91 in adnot. De Cand. Prodr. i, p. 483. Loc. Nat. Java, Dr. Horsjidd. S. {comosa) foliis ovatis cordatis acurainatis subter tomentosis, paniculis decompositis, calycibus patentibus. Sterculia comosa, Wall. PI. asiat. rar. ii, p. 25, 1. 127. Loc. Nat. Amboina, in Hart. Calc. cult., Wallich. S. {Jongifolid) foliis oblongis acutiusculis glabris, racemis subsimplicibus, pedicellis subgeminis folio brevioribus, calycis laciniis patentibus intus barbatis tubura extus glabriusculum subaequantibus. Sterculia longifolia, Vent. Malm, ii, n. 91 in adnot. fid. specim. in Herb. Vent. Ohs. Cfr. Sterculiam lanceolatam, Blume, Bijdr. quoad 632 PLANTiE JAVANlCiE RARI0RE8. folia ct inflorescentiam similem scd calycis laciniis conni- ventibus et apice connexis diveraam. Loc. Nat. Java, Dr. Hontfwld. S. (lavis) foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminc lineari obtuso basi acutiiisculis utrinqiie glabris, raceniis subsimplicibus folio brevioribus, cnlyce extds glabro : laciniis patentibus tubo duplo longioribiis e latii basi lincaribiis intiis barbatis, Stcrculia la^vis, Wall. List, n. 1138. Stercvdia coccinea, Jack in Mai. miscel. i, non Roxburgh. Loc. Nat. Pulo Pinang. S. {Spangleri) foliis lanceolato-oWongis acutis subacumi- natisve utrinqiie glabris, raccinis subconipositis, calycibus extus glabris: laciniis patentibus e latiore basi subulatis iiitus barbiitis tubo duplo longioribus. Oha. Proxiraa Stercidia lavi et longifolia ; ab ilia ff^''orum latiorum et basi obtiisioruni acumine breviore et at) apice folii sensim angustato nee subito constrict© et lineari ; ab hac pra;se'rtim calycis laciniis tubo duplo longi- oribus diversa. Loc. Nat. Java, D. Spangler in Herb. D. Hooker. S. {coccinea) foliis lanceolatis subacuminatifi basi obtusius- cula adultis utrinque glabris, paniculis axillaribus cernuis, calyce extus glabro : laciniis o lata basi filiformibus barbatis tubo abbreviato 4 — 5-plo longioribus. 231) /3. folia cuneato-lanceolata, racemi subsiniplices folio breviores. Sterculia coccinea, lloccb. Fl. ind. iii, p. 151. Wall. List, n.ll22. Loc. Nat. a. Sillet, Bovb., Wall. /3. Assam, B. Griffith. Obs. Ad banc sectionem forsan referendse Helicteres undiilata et paniculata, Lour. Cochin., p. 531 : et ad eandem primo intuitu pertinere videtur Sterculia punduana, Wall. List, n. 2701, quse autem Reevesise species est, R. Wallichii, nob. e) dj PLANTiE JAVANK.B RARIORES. 038 *** y. Calycia laciniee connivente8 apicibua diu cohcerentibua. S. {nobilia) foliis ovnli-oblongis breve ncmninatis basi obtusil iitrinque glubris, paniculis pendulis calycibusquo ext^L pube ram cons|)crsis, stigiimtibus subrotundis stylo deflexo multoties brcvioribus. Sterculia monosperiiia, Vent. Malm, ii, n. 91. Sterculia Balanghas, Moxb. Fl. ind. iii, p. 144, non Linnai. Southwellia nobilis, Salisb. Parrtd. lond., t. GJ), exclus. synn. Linna^i, Cavanilles et Ilort. Ma \h. Loc. Nat. China; in Ilort. Bot. Calc. et Europajis culta. S. {Balariffhaa) foliis oblongo-ovalibus obtiisiiisciilis v. acumine brevissinio obtuso basi obtusfi (nee cordatA,) adultis super glabris subter pubescentibus, paniculis calycibusque extus tomentosis : laciniis intus dense barbatis, folliculis polyspermis extfia tomentosis intus glabris. Sterculia, Linn. Flor. zeyl.t n. SbO,fde speciminum Herb. Ilermanni^ vol. ii, fol. 42. Sterculia Balanghas, Linn. Sp. pi. ed. 1, p. 1007. Cavalam, Hort. malab. i, p. 89, t. 49. Loc. Nat. Zeylona et Peninsula India) Oriental is. Obs. Hujus varietas ut videtur foliis acutis aeutiusculisve nee unquam constricte acuminatis, petioUs adultis pubes- centibus, ex Herb. D. Wight, et probabiliter illins S. Ba- langhas, Illustr., tab. 31). S. {anguatifolin) foliis oblcngo-lanceolatis attenuato- acuminatis basi obtusu adultis super glabriusculis subter copiose pubescentibus, j)aniculis nutantibus folia supcran- tibus, calycibus extus tomentosis : laciniis intiis modice barbatis tubo longioribus, stigmatibus distinctis recurvis stylum aequantibus. Sterculia angustifolia, Boxb. Fl. ind. iii, p. 148. Wall. List,n. 1133. Loc, Nat. Nepalia. 684 PLANTiB JAVANK;^, RARI0RK8. S. {mollis) foliis elliptico-oblongis ncutis acnminatisve bnsi obtus/l adultis super \mhe rai-ft acabriuscuiia subtrr vclutino-toincntnsis, paniculis Inxis nutantibiis ramulis pcdicellisqiic capillaribus pilis patulis, cnlycibiis cxtus tomentosis: laciniis intus barbatis longitudino tubi hcmisphscrici, stigrnatibus distinctis styliun a3(iuantibu8, folliculis polysperinis exths vclutinis intus pilosiusculis. Sterculia niollia, ZTa//. Linf, n. li^i, Jld.sp. Herd. Wal- lichiani in Museo Soc. Linn, Lond. Loc. Nat. Martabania, Br. Wallich. S. {ruhiginosa) foliis ciineato-oblongis acutis v. constricto acuminatis basi obtusil adultis supur glabris subtcr pubcs- centibus venoso-rugosis, stipulis longitudine petiolorum, 832] paniculis folia vix juquantibus, calycibus cxttis tomen- tosis: laciniis inttis dense barbatis tubum turbinatuiu superantibus. Sterculia rubiginosa, Vent. Malm, ii, fol. 91 in adnot. fde specim. in Herb. B. deJussieu et B. Smith a Thouin. Sterculia angustifolia. Jack in Mai. miscell., vol. i. Sterculia Jackiana, Wall. List, n. 1134, sec. speciminain Herb. Wallich. Musei Soc. Linn, e quibus character specif, desuniptus. Loc. Nat. Java, Ventenat. Pulo Pinang et Singapore, Jack et JFallich. S. {cimcata) foliis cuneato-obovatis ellipticisve acutiusculis basi obtusA adultis super glabris subter pubescentibus, petiolis stipulas subulatas vix aequantihus, racemis termi- nalibus subsimplicibus, calycis laciniis intiis strigoso-bar- batis tubo cyathifornii longioribus. Loc. Nat. Insula? Philippinae, B. II. Cuming. S. {ferruginea) foliis oblongo-lanceolatis attenuato- acuminatis basi obtusiuscula adultis super glabris subter pubescentibus venoso-rugosis, ramulis petiolis calycibusquc extiis ferrugineo-toraentosis, racemis subcompositis, calycis laciniis tubo duplb longioribus, stigrnatibus recurvis stylo arete deflexo dimidio brcvioribus. Loc. Nat. Ins. Philippinae, D. If. Cuming. ! PLANTifi JAVANICiC RARIORES. 685 S. {stipularis) foiiis cuncato-oblongis ncnminatis mem- brnnnceis basi cordntA, ndultis supTir glabriuaculis subter petioIis(jue undi(iue tonientcxsis, stipulis pctiolos n>qiian- tibiis, raceinis compositis elongutis pcndulis furfuraceo- pubescentibus, calycia laciniis intu8 atrigoao-barbatis tubo turbinato paullo longioribus. Loc. Nat. Insula) Philippinoc, D. //. Cmiing. S. {ohlongatd) foiiis oblongis acutiusculis basi obtusissimil adultis super glaberriiuis subter glubriusculis, panieulil foiiis (spithameis — pe(lu!ibus)breviore,calycis laciniis tubuni urceolatum gltibriusculuni vix jequuntibus subulatis pul)cs- ccntibus demiim solutis. Loc. Nat. Insula) Pliilippiua), B. If. Cuming. S. {grandifolid) foiiis cuneato-oblongis basi (apiccque?) obtusis adultis glabris, racemis simplicibus petiolo clongato brevioribus, caiycis laciniis linearibus utrinque tomentosis : tubo brevissimo. Loc. Nat. Java, Spangler in Herb. D. Hooker. S. {cuspidata) foiiis oblongo-ovatis acuminc lineari basi obtusis utrinque glaberrimis, racemis simplicibus, calycibus extus glabris : laciniis subulatis intus pilosiusculis tubum turbinatum aequautibus. Loc. Nat. Sumatra, D. Raffles. S. {insularis) foiiis ovali-oblongia acutis basi obtusA, utrinque glabris, floribus paniciilatis, calycis tubo tur- binato glabro lacinias intus barbatas demuni distinctas ct patentes aequante. Loc. Nat. Insula Moluccana Honimoa, Ch. Smith. i S. {parviflora) foiiis oblongo-ovatis acuminatis basi transversa subcordata adullis subter tenuissinie pube- scentibus, floribus 5-fidis paniculatis tomento adpresso, [23s calycis tubo urceolato laciniis adpressd tomentosis longiore. Qk A (i ^'i\ r'«H 636 PLANTvE JAVANIC^ RARI0RE8. 1^ Sterculia parviflora, Roxb. FL ind. iii, p. 147. Wall. List, n. 1121. Loc. Nat. Sillet, Roxb. et Wallich. S. {quadrijida) foliis ovatis cordatis acutis obtusiusculisvc adultis utrinque glabris, floribus subpaniculatis plerisque 4-fidis,calycibusextus laciniisque tubum urceolatum aiquan- tibus intus tomentosis. a. folia obtusiuscula, tomentum panicula? et calycis baud adpressum. /3. folia acuta, tomentura paniculae et calycis extiis subadpressum. Loc. Nat. Nova Hollandia ; a. in ora orientali, /3. in ora septentrionali, ann. 1803 legi. S. (urceolata) foliis ovatis ellipticisve acutis basi obtusa adultis glabriusculis, floribus paniculatis, calyce tomentoso : laciniis tubura ovatum subsequantibus intiis ba)'batis pilis strictis. Sterculia urceolata, Smf/i in Rees's Cyclop. : fid. exempl. in Herb. Smith, in Mus. Soc. Linnean. An hujus loci S. Can- dollei. Wall. PI. asiat. rar. i, p. 4, quae Sterculia populifolia a, DeCand. Prodr. i, p. 483 ? Loc. Nat. Honin^ja, Ins. Moluc, Ch. Smith. S. (ceramica) foliis ovatis subcordatis acutiusculis adultis utrinque paniculisque glabris, calycibus glaberrimis ala- bastro obtuso. Loc. Nat. Insula Moluccana Ceram, C7/. Smith. Obs. An laciniae calycis apice conuexae ? S. {TragacanthcB) foliis ovatis acutis basi obtussi adultis super pubo rara conspersis subtcr tomentosis, calycis laciniis tubum turbinatum ajquantibus. Sterculia Tragacanthae, Lindl. in Bot. resist., 1353. Loc. Nat. Africa iEquinoctialis prope Sierra Leone. S. {obovata) foliis obovatis acumine brevissimo basi obtusa adultis super glabriusculis subter pubescentibus, folliculis tomentosis. PLANTiB JAVANICiB RARI0RE3. 637 Loc. Nat. Africa iEquinoctialis ad flumcn Congo, Christian Smith. Tetradia. Char. Gen. CaJi/x 4-pai't. (nunc 3-part.). Antherce 8, simplici serie, loculis omnibus parallelis. Ovaria 4, ovulis numerosis. 8ti(/mafa recurva. Arbor {Javanica) foliis i?idivis'iH, racemin axillaribus brcvibus tnotioicls, fluribus hcrmaphroditO'femincm coUimna nulla, aliquoticfi mnjoribus masculo cui columna manifeda yracilis et rudimenta minuta pistilli. Obs. Pericarpia et Semina ignota statio generis ? incerta: proj)c Bnichyciiiton posui ob ovula basi parum obli(jua foramen hilo proximum indicante. Tetradium, Lour, cochin., p. 91, fide cxemplaiis ab auctorc ad D. Banks niissi Fagara} species est. Tktradia Uorsfeldii. Loc. Nat. Java, Dr. Ilorsfield. Brachychiton. CM4 Sterciilise subgenera sequentia. Brachychiton, Poecilo- dermis et Trichosiphon, Endl. Gen., p. 994. Char. Gen. Calyx 5-fidus. Antherce congestae. Styli cohajrentes. Stigmata distincta, v. in unicum peltatum coalita. FollicuU coriaceo-lignei, polyspermi. Semina albu- minosa, pube stellari tecta, mutuo et fundo folliculi cohai- rentia. Embryonis radicula liilo proxima ! — Arbores (Novae Hollandia)) J'oliis lobatis indivisisve. * Calycis (Bstivatio indt/plicata {tubus sqxnmis numerosis injlexis). Sterculiai subgenus Brachychiton, Endl. Brachychiton {ramijlorum) foliis cordatis circumscrip- tione subrotundis tiilobis obtusis utrinquc foliicuHsquc extiis toraentosis. 688 PLANTJE JAVANICJJ lAaiORES. ! [ Loc. Nat. In ora septentrionali Novse HollandiaB ann. 1802—3 legi. ** Calycis astivatio valvata. Br. {incanum) foliis alto 5-Iobis tomentosis subter incanis : lobis acuminatis, folliculis extus tomentosis. Obs. ^Estivatio ignota, an indnplicata ? Loc. Nat. In ora septentrionali Novae Hollandise ann. 1819 legit b. A. Cunningham. Br. iplatanoides) foliis alte 5 -lobis acutis glabris, racemis subsimplicibus, calyce infimdibuliforrai, stigmate peltato, folliculis extiis glabris. Trichosiphon, Endl. Gen., p. 994. Loc. Nat. In ora orientali, intra tropicura, Novae Hol- landiae ann. 1802 legi. Br. {populneum) foliis ovatis acuminatis indivisis trilo- bisve basi acuta v. obtusa glaberrimis, racemis axillaribus subsimplicibus, calycibus campanulatis, folliculis elongato- stipitatis. Poecilodermis, Endl. Gen., p. 994. Loc. Nat. In ora orientali, extra tropicum, Novae Hol- landiae ann. 1803 — 4 legi. Br. {divei'sifolium) foliis ovatis elongato- acuminatis basi obtusfi v. cordatii glaberrimis (quandoque oblongis linearibusve), folliculis extus glabriusculis abbreviato- stipitatis. Loc. ?. Ovarin iiiiio- vulata ! Pericarpia folliciilitbrmia, ligiica, claiisa, doiso alata. Semen exalbiiiniiiosiim. Iladicula hilo proxiina. — Arbores (Asiatica)) lilforcce; foliis itidwixis .suhlus Icpidut'is .sqtiamidis inci-si-s ; iloribus axillanhuH mbijaiucidatu. Heritiera liUov(d(s, toliis elliptico-oblongis ovatisvf obtusiusculis. Heritiera littoralis, l)ri/ander in Ail. Keio. ed 1, vol. iii, p. 5 l(). II. foiues, Bac/iannu in S^m. Ava. Willd, isy/. iv, p, 97:2. DeCand. prodr. i, p. 4^1. II. luinor, Lcmi. did. iii, p 2.:29. DeCand. prodr. i, ]). 484. Loc.JSat. Littora liid 0\\ Insiil. jMoluce. IMh1i()() .l;i\;e etNov.HolI. H. allenuala, t'oliis laiiceolati> acuiiiiniitis. Heritiera atteiuiata, \P';labra, onmin nntlieriftirn. Anl/wrce obloiigCB, obtiisoB, paiilo siiprn basin cniar^inatam inscrtae ; conncctivo angusto; loculis panillclis loiigitiuliimliU r deliis- centibus. Pollen siibglobos»ini, hispidubun. Ovarium ovatum, scsmIc, pubc stcllata copiosA, 4-l()culare ; loculis diapcrinis ; ovulis erectis, collaturaUbus, cimcato-obovatis. Sliguata 3—4 (quandoqiic 5), iiulivisa, sciuiterctia, papil- losa. Pericarpium evalve, pergainenoo-crustarcuni, subgio- bosiim, calyce aiicto patulo, tilaincutis eniarcidis, ct diu aw] petalis eloiigatis sed calyce lu-cvioribus cinctiim, ruptile, monospcnuuiu. Scmcti subsphan'oidciun, glabriim, irrc- gularitcr siilcis nonniiUis longitiidiiialibus lobaium; uiubilico undo (nee strophiulato) prope basin lateris intcrioris. Dr. Wallicb, with whom the name Acfinophora fragrans originates, and with whose specimens the jAant hero described and figured entirely agrees, lias given no other account than that it was introduced into tlie Calcutta Botanic Garden in 18:25, from the Isle of France. There is, however, no sufficient reason to believe that Actinophnra is indigenous either in that island or in iiourbon or in Madagascar, whereas it is certaiidy a native of Java, Dr. 1 1 orsfield having found it in several districts, chiefly in tne medial and eastern ])arts of the island, in teak forests in a rich soil, or in low ridijrcs extendimj; to the sea-shore. He adds that the wood, which is very hard and durable, is used for various domestic and mechanical purposes, and that it is so ponderous as to be occasionally employed for anchors of small native praoes and canoes. Its Javanese name is WdUi-kookoon. With respect to the affinities of Acfinophora, it certainly does not belong to Buttneriacea as I originally defined it, but this may equally be said of several genera at present included in that order, and which like Acfinophora are more obviously referable to TUiacca ; at the same time, as I observed in proposing the separation of Buttneriacecu, these two families gratlually pass into each other. From all the genera of IViacca at present described, PLANT/K JAVANlCifi KARIORKS. U17 ArtinopUora is readily distiiij^uisfiuhlo ; its more rt* mnrkablc characters being the enlarged subfbHaccous spreading calyx, acronjpanying the crustaeeous (ivalvuhir uionosper- 1110U8 pericurpiuni. Tab. XLVI. Fig. 1. A l)mi,ch of Adinoiihora frcu/ram^ of the natural size. /'>//, 2. A Hower just before expansion, with the calyx removed. /''/// li. A stamen, majj^niHed. Fi(j. t. The ovarium, cut .^len longitudinally, crowned with tlie stigmata. Fig. 5. An ovule. Fig. G. Tlu; fruit, with tlu! enlarged persistent ealyx, j)fitnls and stamina. Fig. 7. The enlarged ealy\ s^ i from without. Fig. S. The fruit, separated and slightly enlarged. Fig, S). The same, cut open and with (lie seed removed. Fig. 10. The seed. Fig. 11. The convoluted cotyledons. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 !l»^ I I.I 11.25 45 SO 2.5 2.0 1.8 U ill 1.6 ^ ^ ^v'%*' 7: ^ Sk. /A ^^"^'^Z ^ Hiotographic Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (714) 372-4303 '< 650 I'LANTiE JAVANlCiE llAHIORES. lODES OVALIS, Bl ^«^j Tab. XLVIII. loDES, Blume, Bijdr. p. 29. Char. Gen. Flores unisexualcs (dioici), 5-fidi. Pcri- anthiuvt, duplex : utriinique calycinum ; iuterius 5-purti- tuiii, inajus, iicorivatioue valvata. Masc. islamina 5, tubo abbrcviato pcriaiithii (corolla^?) inserta, cjusdetn laciuiis alterimiitia iisquu brcviora. Anlheroi stantcs.* Eem. Ova- Hum uniloculare, biovulatum ; ovulis ab apice cavitatis pendulis. Stiyma sessile, depresso-capitatiun, iimbilicatum. Drtipa exsucca, stiginate apiculata. Semen iinicum : Albumen scmini conforiiie ; Embn/o dimidio albuiiiiue loii- gior ; liadicula supera. Yn\iG^ volubilis, cirrhis auiillaribiis scandens ; foliis ojyj»o- fiitis, integerrimis, petiolatis, eoostipulatis ; 'AsK^\\s> parvis, panieiJatis, axillaribm. loDES ovalis, Blume, Bijdr. p. 30 (1825); Hasskl. llort. Bogor. p. 172, ii. 798. Loc. Nat. In plagis orieiitalibus pmiiiiin 1800 et postea in variis locis detexit D. Ilorsjield. Javauis Jungetan et Ja(jal'Kedang. Descr. Frutex (cpiandoque snbarborescens, B. HorsfieH) pubescens, scaudens, cii'iliis axillaribns indivisis nunc oppo- sitifloris. Folia opposita, petiolata, exstipulata, coriacea, penninervia, rcticulato-venosa, ovata, acuta, basi obtusa, 4 — 5-uncialia, ultra 2 pollices lata; petioli semunciales, tcretiusculi. Paniculae axillares, composita;, coryuibosae. Flores parvi, pubescentes (odorati B. Horsjield). Masc. Stamina 5, perianthio interiori (corolla potius) aliquoties breviora, ejusdem laciniis alternantia ; filamentis brevis- simis ; antheris basifixis, loculis approximatis paralklis longitudinaliter dehiscentibiis. Rudimentum pistilli. Fcm. PLANT/E JAVANIC/E RARIORES. 651 I'loribus paulo post anthesin solum visis, et tunc etiamquc fructu inaturo pcrianthio unico tantum persistenti uec aucto nee indurato. Drupa exsucca, rugosa, niagnitudiiie pisi majoris. Semen unicum raaturescens ; albumen car- nosura, album, magnitudine seminis ; Embryo respectu pevicarpii inversus; Cotyledonibus subrotundis, planis, foliaceis ; Radicula recta, brevissima, supera. Obs. I. Botanists arc not agreed as to the light in [2i which the two florul envelopes of Sarcosfi(/ma and lodes arc to be viewed. Both Klein, in describing the plant from which Sarcosf if/ma was formed, and Blume, in his character of lodes, have tcr'ned the outer envelope calyx and the inner corolla; while Drs. Wight and Arnott, by whom the genus Sarcosti(/ma was established, have considered the outer envelope an involucrum and the inner calyx. In sup- port of this opinion the persistence and even induration of the inner envelope in Sarcostiflma would no doubt be adduced ; but they were also, it may be supposed, deter- mined by referring their genus to Ilernandiacea, there being in llernandia an undoubted involucrum, but that involucrum containing several flowers. On the other hand, the alternation of division of the two envelopes, and their close approximation in both these genera, are characters of at least equal importance ; to which may be added the many analogous points of structure between these genera and Cardiopteris, in which it will hardly be disputed that both calyx and corolla are present. Obs. II. As to the affinities of Sarcofilit/ma and lodes, the former genus was referred by Wight and Arnott to Iler- nandiacea, a family proposed by Blume in his ' Bijdragen,' p. 550, and adopted by Endlicher, consisting of //t';v/«;/f//« and Tnocarpm, two genera which do not appear to me very nearly related to each other, and from both of which Sar- costigma is readily distiiiguished by many important cha- racters. In the following year Professor Arnott, in de- scribing Nanslatuin of Dr. Buchanan Hamilton, proposed to place it next in Jirtinity to Phgtocrenc of Wallich ((Jj/uo- I V ^ 652 PLANTS JAVANICiE RAttlORES. cephalum of Blume), and to form of these two genera tlic ne\y family of Phyiocrenece. It is remarkable that he did not also include in this family Sarcoatiffma, which so ob- viously belongs to it : this has been recently done by M. Planchon, who also justly proposes to add lodes, appended by Blume to Menispermea, as well as Miquelia or Jenkinaia, which he regards as distinct genera, but which I think ought to be united. He also includes Pyrenacaniha, pro- perly united with Adelanthm of Endlicher ; but this genus I exclude, admitting, however, its near relationship. Of Phytocrene^ so constituted I subjoin the distin- guishing characters of the family, as well as the differential characters of the genera belonging to it. Phytocrene^, Arnott, in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. xvi, p. 314 (1834). Flores diclines (dioici), inconspicui. Perianthium duplex {Calyou et Corolla) utrumque 4 — 5-fidum, calycinum ; in- terius majus, sestivatione valvata, intra exterius in quibus- dam pedicellatura. Masc. Stamina 4 — 5, laciniis perianthii interioris alternantia; filamenta nunc hypogyna et ipsa basi coalita, nunc tubo perianthii inserta ; Anthera : loculis longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Rudimentum pidilli. Fem. Ovarium liberura, uniloculare, biovulatum ; ovulis ab apice cavitatis suspensis. Stiyma sessile, indivisum v. bifidum. Drupa monosperma. Albumen semini conforme; Embryo magnitudine fere albuminis, cotyledonibus foliaceis. Frutices volubiles v. scandentes ; foliis alternis rard oppo- sitis, inteyerrimis v. lobatis, exstipulatis. Phytocrene, Wallich, PL Asiat. rar. vol. iii, p. 11, t. 216. Flores utriusque sexus 4-fidi, capitati. Stamina hypo- gyna. Antherce versatiles. Stiyma bilobum, obtusum. Folia indivisa v. lolata. PLANT.!?; JAVANIC/E RARIORKS, C53 Sarcostigma, Wiffht and Arnott, in Edinh. New Phil. Journ. xiv, p. 299. Flores spicati, 5-ficli (raro 4-fidi). Stamina tubo peri- anthii inserta, ejusdera laciniis longiora. Antheraa versa- tiles. Stigma depresso-capitatum. Drupa pulpoaa. Frutices voliibiles ; foliis alternis integerrimis. loDES, Mump. TMS Florcs 5-fidi, paniculati. Stamina tubo perianthii longioris inserta, ejusdeni laciniis breviora. Anthera stantes. Stigma depresso-capitatum. Driiva exsucca. Prutex cirrhis aooillaribus scandens ; foliis qppositis, integerrimis. Nansiatum, Buchanan Hamilton, in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. xvi, p. 314. Flares 5-fidi, spicati. Stigmata duo, acuta, recurva* Pericarpium Suffrutex volubilis ; foliis alternis, indivisis. MiQUELiA, Meisn. Gen. 152. Jenkinsia, Griffith, in Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist, iv, p. 231, 1. 12. Flores 5-fidi. Masc. Perianthium interius intra ex- terius pedicellatum. Fem. Perianthium interius intra exterius sessile. Stamina sub ovarii rudiraento inserta. Stigma depresso-capitatum, umbilicatum. Drupa exsucca. Sufifrutices vohbiles ; foliis alternis, integerrimis. Phytocreneis affine genus, Pyrenacantha, Hooker, Bot. Misc. ii, p. 107, Tabb. Suppl. 9, 10. Pyrenacantha Adelantho congener, a Phytocreneis di- versura : Perianthio simplici ; Stigmate radiatim multifido : fJi;_V'S3v-iwWS'' ■ ■ 654 PLANTiE JAVANICiE RARIORES. quadrat Slaminibus cum calycis segnicntis alternantibus i (Bstivatione valvata ; Pericarpio indehiscente. Tab. XLVIII. Flff. 1. A flowering male branch of lodes ovalis. Fig. 2. The outer perianthium. Ft//. 3. The deeply divided inner perianthium or corolla. Fig. 4. An anthera burst longitudinally, with insertion at base. Fig. 5. Rudiment of ovarium in male flower. Fig. G. Ovarium after flowering, subtended by one only of the periantliia. J^ig. 7. The same laid open, to show the munber and insertion of ovula. Fig. 8. A ripe drupe, natiu'al size. Fig. 9. The seed. Fig. 10. The seed cut open lengthways, to show the relative proportion of albumen and embryo. Fig. 11. The embryo inverted in respect to pericarpium. ^'i PLANTS JAVANIC.E IIARIOIIES. G55 CARDIOPTERTS LOBATA, JFall. Lid, n. 8033. c^^o Tar. XLIX. Cardiopteuis, IFallicfi. Char. Gen. F/o/rs- licrmapliroditiP (v. monoici). Cali/v 6-partitus, ajstivutionc imbricata, persistens. Corolla uioiio- petala, rotata, limbo ocquali 5-liilo, icstivatioiic imbricata, decidua. Stamina 5, tiibo coroUcO sub simibus limbi inserta, AnthercB longitudiiialiter deliiscentcs. Ovarium liberum, unilocularc, biovulatiim ; ovulis pcndulis. SHc/mata duo : altero (vcro) post anthesin aucto, emarginato, tardo deciduo: altero (effoeto) capitato, pedicellato, persistenti. Samara comprcssa, alata, monosperma. Albumen semini conforme. Embryo minutissimus, in a})ice (respectu peri- carpii) albuminis. PlantsR annua v. bictines, volubiles, glabrce, lade albo scatcntes (fid. D. D. Bin me et Ilasskarl) ; Foliis alternis, petiolatis, exstijndatis, v. lobatin v. integerrimis, cordatis, venosis; Cym'\s furcafis v. dichofomis v. paniculatis; floribus parvis, secmidis, ebracloalia. Cardiopteris /o/^«/rt(Wall. List, n. S033), foliis angulato- lobatis, cymis furcatis v. semcl dichotomis. Cardiopteris javanica, Blume, Rumphia, vol. iii, p. 206, tab. 177. Peripterygium ([uinquelobmn, Hassk, llort. Bogor. p. 235. Au Dioscorea sativa? Kccnig, MSS. in Mus. Brit. vol. iii. p. 81 ; exclus. syn. Biimph. Ainb. torn. v. p. 482, ad Cardiopteridem moluccanam, Blame, Humph, vol. iii. p. 207 pertinente. Loc. Nat. In plagis orientalibus et medianis Java3 ; in planitiis baud mnltuni elevatis supra mare uiiiio IbOO "."—-;-— —«i:.>je.-.i»- •*- 656 PI.ANT.K JAVAN1C;E RARI0RE8. primurn detcxit I). Horsfich/ Javanis orientalibus Parianom, medianis Kanjnr Kmoang vcl Rindengan np- pellata. Descr. — Planta annua? volubilis, glaberrima, practer rachcs spicarum tenuissimc piibesccntcs pube acuta simplici. Rami ramulique flcxiles, striati, inanes. Folia alterna, remota, elongate- j)ctioIatn, exstipulata, flaccide membra- nacea, angulato-lobata, alto cordata ; lobo medio acuminate cum mucronulo brevi ; reliquis obtusis, muticis ; diametro 2 — 3-pollicari ; basi nervis 5 — 7 lobis respondentibus, immerse reticulato-venosis. Cyma? axillares, pedunculatae, semel v. bis furcatae. Flores unilatcralcs, ebracteati, brevissime pedicellati, pavvi, caput aciculae mediocris vix superentes. Calyx 5-partitus, ajqualis, membranaceus, textura subcorollina, aestivatione imbricata ; sepalis ovatis, obtusiusculis, marginibus tenuissime ciliatis, subcnerviis, axi paiiim opaciore. Corolla monopetala, calycem vix superans, subrotata, virescenti-alba, glaberrima ; tubo per- brevi, limbo 5-partito aequali ; laciniis obovatis, obtusis, concaviusculis, obsolete immerse venosis, aestivatione imbri- catis. Stamina 5, epipetala, aequalia, corolla breviora, ejus- dera sinubus inserta. Filamenta brcvia, filiformia, glabra. Antherae pro ratione flosculi majusculae, didymas, utrinque profundi emarginatae; connectivo membranaceo angusfo; loculis appositis, longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Discus bypogynus nullus. Ovarium uniloculare, biovulatum ; ovulis collateralibus, ab apice cavitatis pendulis, altero saepe rainore effoeto. Stigmata duo : alteram (imperfectum) sub anthesi magis conspicuum, stylo manifesto insidens, capitatum, laeve nee papillosum ; alteram (perfectum) sub anthesi vix obvium, postea sensim valdfe auctura, demiira emarginatum, superficie interiore imperfectum spectante papillosum. Samara obcordata, nitida, vix uncialis, ipsa basi angustata calyce persistenti vix aucto conniventi sub- tensa ; ala marginata utrinque ipso nucleo subcylindraceo ter quaterve latiore pergamenea ; stigmate vero plurimum aucto emarginato, tarde deciduo, stigmate effoeto, capitato, pedicellato, persistenti, baud rautato, subemarcido, coronata. I'l.ANT/K JAVANIL'.f: RAUIORKS. G57 Semen unicuni, tcsttl? cutu snniniw cavitute cohfcrena v.t oniniiio repleiis, striatum, subcylindraceum ; intcgmiientum l)ra3tereu iinicum, membraimcciim, alhiimini arete adhaerens. Albumen seminiconforme, aqueo-pallidum, dense carnosum. Embryo in opice (respectu pericarpii) albuminis, niinutissi- inus ; radicula brevis, supera ; cotyledon adluicdum indi- visus, subglobosus, obtusissinms. Obs. There are some points both in the botanical history and in the structure of the genus Cardiopieris which deserve to be specially noticed. It is j)robable that a short time before the publication of the lOth edition of his 'Systenia Natura-/ in 1751), Linnscns had particularly exa- mined the figures of the ' llcrbarium Aniboinense,' for in that edition almost the only figures quoted of the different species of Dioscorea are those of that work, and under Dioscorea sativa he refers to 0/us sanfjuin'is, vol. v, p. 482, tab. 180, which is an undoubted and a tolerably good representation of Cardiopteris nioluccana of Bhune ; and in proof of Linnaeus having no doubt as to the correctness of his reference, he has in his own copy of the work written Dioscorea sativa under the figure quoted. This synonym is adopted by AVilldenow in bis edition of ' Species Flanta- rum.* J. G. Koenig, in vol. iii, p. 81 of his manuscripts, formerly in Sir Joseph IJanks's Library, now in the Banksian or Botanical Dej)artment of the British Museum, quotes the same figure of Rumphius (with a doubt, however, as to the correctness of Linnccus's reference to Dioscorea) for a plant which is no doubt Cardiopieris lobata, from his description in many respects very good, and with regard to stigma more nearly correct than some recent accounts. Koenig considers his plant to be monoicous, as does Hasskarl {siipr. cit.) : I also entertained the same opinion, having never found flowers with completely developed pistillum in which the corolla and consequently staniina were present. This, however, might depend on the advanced state of the flower whose corolla had fallen soon after expansion. Dr. Blume, therefore, is perhaps more cor- rect in considering the flowers as hermaphrodite, and I am 42 '-\ . ■.i.*,r-^» 658 PLANTit; Ji\VANIC;« KAKIORKS. inclined to adopt his view. His statements respecting the structure of the jjIstiUum arc more liable to objection : he describes the ovulum as orthotropous, having the micropyle at its lower extremity, and the en bryo consequently exist- ing at the same point of the seed ; my own observations, winch may indeetl require to be verified, placing the em- 84«] bryo at the upper extremity, or close to the insertion of the seed, the ovulum being consequently anatroi)ous. The external structure of the y)istillum is very singular. In an early stage of the flower, immediately before or even at the time of expansion, there are apparently two stigmata : of these the more obvious is capitate, undivided, fleshy, but not papillose, and is supported on a distinct style ; the second is quite sessile, much shorter in this stage than the capitate branch, and having its upper or inner surface dis- tinctly stigmatic or papillose. In the next stage, the latter, which I regard as the efiicient stigma, gradually enlarges, becoming longer than the capitate organ, which in my opinion is an imperfect stigma; and as in this stage the ovarium though enlarged has not perceptibly increased in diameter, this capitate stigma has the appearance of being lateral. The perfect stigma, which continues to lengthen, its upper surface becoming more evidently hispid or papil- lose, not unfrequently remains crowning the samara even when ripe ; but frequently also it is then deciduous, while the imperfect capitate stigma, which has undergone no change either in size or surface, more generally remains after the real stigma has fallen. In one of the flowers of a specimen preserved in spirits by Dr. Wallich, and in which the corolla was wanting, and a slight enlargement of ovarium had taken place, I found only one ovulum, the lower extremity of which seemed in some degree to support Dr. Blume's account of the position of micropyle. In a second flower of the same specimen only one apparently perfect ovulum existed, but the funiculus or remains of a second was visible ; in the perfect ovulum a more transparent point, which might possibly be micropyle, was lateral ; and in a third flower, long after fcecundation, the samara being distinctly formed though not of its full PLANT K JAVANlC-t; RARIORKS. or,'.) size, 1 was able to observe only one oviilimi, siiapoiided from a funiculus wliich was continued on one side iulo a raphe ending at tlie lower and wider extremity of the ovuhnn. These appearances leave the question of the ori- ginal position of luicropyle undetermined. Dr. liluuie considers the capitate ')ody as the true stigma, and I have some reason to believe that this is also the o|)inion of an excellent and more n^cent observer. I have little doubt, however, that the emarginate or biden- tate branch is the organ performing the function. In con- nection with and in support ol this opinion, 1 regard the ovarium or pericarpium of Cardioptcrin as composed of two carpella, the line of junction being in theaxis of thesauuu'a. This I infer from the relative position of the supposed per- fect and imperfect stigmata, the former presenting its papillose surfacti to ilie latter, and both being in the plane of the wings of the samara ; and these wings, as well as I can judge, being anterior and posterior with '.elation to the axis of the unilateral spike. With respect to the affinities of Curdioj)/eris,\)\\ Wallich, with whom the genus originated, and who first hazarded a conjecture on the subject, was disposed to refer it to Sapindacea ; Hasskarl (1. supra cit.) has placed it among Euphorbiacece ; and Blume, who considers it as forming a separate family [Cardiopteridea), has placed this family in proximity with Verbenacece and Boraginea. None of these approximations appear to me satisfactory, and although 1 am aware of several important objections to the view, I am inclined to consider Cardiopteris as an isolated genus or family to be placed at no great distance from Phytocrcnea, chiefly through lodes, under which genus I have given some account of that family. Tab. XLIX. Fi^. 1. A branch of Cardiopteris lobata, in flower and fruit, natural size. Fig. 2. An expanded flower, slightly magnified, which shows the relative pro- portion of calyx, corolla, and stamina, and the external appearance of pistillum, of which the capitate stigma has nearly attained its full size, while the true stigma is as yet i 1 660 I'LANIVE JAVAMCit; RARIOUKS. barely visible. Fig. 3. A corolla laid open, to show that it is luonopetalous, that the stamina are inserted below the sinuses, and that its segtuents are slightly ciliated, some- what more magnified than figure 2. Fiy. 4. The corolla removed, to show more distinctly the external structure of pistilluni. Fiy. 5. A stamen. Fig. G. The calyx surround- ing the somewhat enlarged pistillum, on which, from the elongation of the true emarginate stigma, the capitate or spurious stigma has become apparently lateral. Fig. 7. A ripe seed-vessel, natural size, with its short pedicle covered by the withered calyx, and crowned by the two stigmata, of which the true or emarginate has greatly increased in size, especially length, while the capitate, not at all enlarged, is barely visible, Fig. 8. A seed slightly magnified. Fig. 9. The embryo separate, magnified more than fig. 8, and so placed as to indicate that it must have been situated at the upper extremity of the seed. PliANTiE JAVANIC/E RARIOllES. 661 BENNETTIA JAVANICA. . ruo Tab. L. Bknnettia. . Char. Gen. Flores unisexuales (dioici), regnlares, 5-tidi (minimi). Cali/x 5-partitu8. Pctala 5 concava, aestiva- tione marginibus inflexis mntuo applicitis valvata. Masc. Stamina 10, petalis sfc^ius cucullatis inclusa, Antherae loculis longitudinaliter dehiboentibus. Fern. Ovarium iinilo- culare, biovulatum, ovulis pendulis. Stigmata 3 — 4, fili- formia, imo alterove quandoque bipartite. Drupa Intior quam longa, monosperma. Semen figura drupse. Albumen tuagnitudine semiiiis. Embryo transversus, rectus, longi- tudine fere albuminis ; radicula alteri margini approximata, recta, cotyledonibus foliaceis. Arbusculse ; foliis siinplicihus, allernis, integerrimis, stipulis lateralibus, stepiih caducis. Spicae ramu/os gracilcs terminanteti, soUtaria, longissima, pendulce. BENNETTiA^'/^yffW2c«, masculi floris petalis alto cucullatis glabris : alabastro ultra medium 5-fido depresso lobis re- tusis, antheris rudimentoque pistilli imberbibus, drupis paulo tantum latioribus quam longis, foliis utrinque ramu- lisque glabris. Loc. Nat. In plagis Javae orientalibus, ubi primum de- texit anno 1800 D. Horsjield ; et anno 1814 regionibus medianis InsuUe obsenavit. Javnnis orientalibus Klimo Koncher ; medianis Jirikan appellata. Descr. Arbuscula glabra, ramosissima, ramulis virgatis. Folia alterna, integerrima, stipulata, breve petiolata, im- punctata, oblonga, super glabra, subter secundum nervum et venas saltern primarias tenuissmie pubescentia. Stipulce laterales, angusto-subulatse, petiolo paulo breviores, caducse. Spica terminalis, solitaria, longissima (usque pedalis), in- divisa, nutans ; mascula e fasciculis 4 — S-floris approxi- 662 PLANTiE JAVANIC^ RAKiORES. iiiato-alternis, sessilibus, pedicellis unitloris basi unibrac- teatis superne ebracteatis ; feminea floribus solitariis. Flores masculi parvi, caput aciculi mediocris subaequantes. 250] Cali/x 5-partitu8, sequalis, patens, laciniis planis acutius- culis pubescentibus, pube brevissima simplici acuta. Petala 5, cum laciniis calycis alternantia, patentia, alt^ cucullata, obovata, glabra, apice cuculli retuso, calyce plus duplo longiora, brevissime unguiculata, axi laminae intfts incras- sata prorainula, sestivatione marginibus inflexis rautuo appli- citis valvata, alabastro depresso 5-lobo. Stamina decern distincta. Filamenta brevissima, latiuscula, sepalis et petalis opposita. Antherce biloculares, loculis connectivo lato distinctis longitudinaliter dehiscentibus ; omnes cucul- lis petalorum semi-inclusae, ita ut duae petalo singulo oppo- sitae esse videantur (exterior interiorque), sed dum ex- terior ad filamentum petalo opposituni pertinet, interior e loculis respondentibus filamentorum duorum petalis alternantium formata est. Pollen simplex, sphaeroideum. Budimentum pistilli subovatum, apice depresso indiviso. Feminei flores paulo post fecundationem solum visi ; petalis concavis baud cucullatis. Ovarium spL'eroideum, 4 — 5-sul- cum, pubescens, basi calyce parvo subtensum, stigmate triplici vel duplici singulo bifido v. laciniato coronatum, uniloculare, biovulatum, ovulis apici cavitatis affixis, col- lateralibus, latioribus quam longis, transversim oblongis, utroque angulo acutiusculo. Brupa paulo nee duplo longior quam lata, lenuissime pubescens, pulpa parca; putamine intus venoso, basi excavato, depressione lata longitudine totius baseos in cujus centro calyx persistens baud auctuy. Semen unicum, apici cavitatis aifixum, trans- versim ovale : integumento ( testa ? ) simplici. Albumen semini conforme, carnosum. Embryo transversus, longi- tudine fere albuminis. Cofyledones t'oliaceae, quoad apicem cavitatis accumbentes, ovales. Radicula recta cotyledoni- bus mul'oties brevior, margini alteri approximata. Obs. Bennettia is dedicated to the principal author of the present work, John Joseph Bennett, Esq., my friend and colleague in the British Museum. PLANTiE JAVANIC^ RARIORES. 063 The generic characters of Bennettia are clear and im- portant, but the affinities of the genus, or its place in a natural arrangement, though determinable, are not equally obvious. Many important points of agreement will readily present themselves between Euphorhiacem and Bennettia^ but the general resemblance it bears to Antidesmea is still more striking. In their simple entire alternate leaves with lateral deciduous stipules and in their inconspicuous uni- sexual flowers they entirely agree, very nearly also in in- florescence, in the structure of ovarium, in their monosper- mous drupaceous pericarpium, and lastly, in the presence and texture of albumen, and in the degree of development of embryo. The principal distinctions would therefore be reduced to the existence of petals in Bennettia, to its stamina being equal in number to the divisions or parts of both floral envelopes, to a remarkable and obvious difler- ence in the structure and aestivation of anthera?, and to the singular character of its transverse embryo. The pre- sence of petals may even be regarded as of more than ordi- nary importance, their usual form in the male flower being necessarily connected with the aestivation of stamina. According to this view, therefore, Bennettia may be said to bear the same relation to Antidesma (for Antidesmece contains at present no other well-established genus) that the polypetalous bear to the apetaljus genera of Euphor- biacea. But according to a principle which I proposed for adoption in 1810, Bennettia ought not only to deter- mine the place, but also give the name {Bennettiacece) to the fami]j. The principle referred to is stated in the 'Prodromus Florae Novae-Holiandiae,' p. 351, in a note relative to Combrctacece (an order then first proposed and characterised), in the following terms: — "Hunc ordinem inter polypetalos posui, non solum propter petal orum in pluribus existentiam, sed quia vera natura partium affini- tatesque ordinum, ex contemplatione generum in quibus structura magis evoluta quam ex iis in quibus aliqua pars suppressa, tutius erui queant." \<\ 1?'4, in conformity with the same principle, 1 placed among polypetalae Euphor- biaceae, a family to which the same reasoning is still more 664 PLANTiE JAVANIC^ RARIORES. strikingly applicable. It is not iny intention, however, to propose any change in this respect, for in both cases the names must be considered as established. 261] The affinity between Euphorbiacea and Aniidesmea is rendered more obvious by the addition to the latter of Bennettia. But the structure of ovarium and the mono- spermous drupaceous pericar[)ium rertdily distinguish them. lodes and Sarcostiffma also agree with Bennettia in several important points, particularly in their unisexual minute flowers, ovarium with two pendulous ovula, mono- spermous drupa, and in most respects in the structure of seed. They differ in habit, being twining or scandent shrubs without stipules, in their raonopetalous persistent inner perianthium or corolla, in aestivation and reduced number of stamina, in structure of antherae, and in the embryo being inverted, not transverse. Obs. II. Several species of Bennettia have been dis- covered in India. One of these, first observed by the late Dr. Jack, at Singapore, was referred by him, though doubt- fully, to Limonia. Dr. Blume, who had observed a plant of the same genus in Java, for which he adopted the generic name here proposed, having liberally communicated specimens and drawings of this plant, it proves to be iden- tical with Bennettia javanica ; and lastly, Dr. Wallich has, in the concluding distribution of his great Indian Herba- rium, noticed several plants of the same genus, to which he has also given the name Bennettia. These plants so closely resemble Bennettia javanica and each other, that they are chiefly distinguishable by minute, but, as I believe, con- stant differences in their male flowers, and in the form of their fruits. Of these supposed species the differential characters are here subjoined. Bennettia Wallichii, masculi floris petalis concavis vix cucuUatis glabris, antheris rudimentoque pistilli imberbibus, drupis transvM'sim oblongis duplo latioribus quam longis varicosis, ramnUs foliisque utrinque glaberrirais. Doc. Nat. India Or. Tavoy. Wall. Lid, 8585 E. PLANTifi JAVANIC/E RARIORES. 665 B. phlebocarptty driipis late cordatis sinii clauso reticulatn- venosis paulo latioribus quam longis, foliis oblongis suba- ciiminatis utrinque glabris. Loc. Nat. Singapore. Wall. List, 8^-5 D. B. Finlaysoni, masc. petalis modice cuciillatis glabris apice deflexo acuto : axi inttis elevata, antheris imberbibus, riidimento pistilli apice barbato, foliis oblongis aciiminatis basi inaequilaterali subtiis nervo venis primariis ramulisque pubescentibus, spicis masc. foliis longioribus. Loc. Nat. Pulo-Penang, b. Finlayson. Wall. List,SoS6 B. B. affinis, masc, petalis cucuUatis glabris : axi intus ele- vata, antheris imberbibus, rudimento pistilli apice barbato, stipulis ramulis venisque primariis subtiis pubescentibus, spicis folia lanceolato-oblonga acuminata subsessilia vix superantibus. Loc. Nat. Pulo-Penang, b. Finlayson. Wall.List, 8585 B. B. pedicellata, masc. petalis modice concavis obtusis : axi intus parum elevatti, antheris filamentisque barbatis. Obs. Sequenti nimis forsan affinis. Loc. Nat. Pulo-Penang. Wall. List, 8585 C. B. Jackiana, masc. petalis orbiculato-ovatis concavius- culis : axi intus baud elevata, antlieris barbatis. Loc. Nat. Pulo-Penang b. Jack, qui ad Limoniam dubi- tanter retulit. Wall. List, 8585 A. Tab. L. Fiff. 1. A flowering branch of the male \.m plant of Bennettia javanica, natural size. Fiff. 2. An ex- panded male flower, shghtly magnified. Fi^. 3. A male flower before expansion. Fiff. 4. A petal of the same flower, somewhat magnified. Fi^. 5. Back view of one of the longer stamina, but in which the loculi are too divergent. Fiff. 6. A front view of one of the shorter stamina. Fi^. 7. A male flower, the petals and stamina removed, to show the calyx and rudiment of pistillura. Fifjf. 8. A drupe, slightly reduced. Fi^/. 9. The same, 66(i PLANTiE JAVAMCJS RARIORES. longitudinally divided, which shows the single seed. Mg. 10. A seed, longitudinally divided to show its insertion, with the direction of the embryo and the relative propor- tion of its radicle and cotyledons. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THK BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 1811—1826. CI 2 pi g n fl P 1 CONTRIBUTIONS TO TUB BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. Zieria SmitJiii, Bot. Repos,, No. 006. Zieria lanceolata, Brown in Herb. Banks. Bot. Mag. 1395 (1811). BiUwynia parvifolia, Brown in Herb. Banks. Bot. Mag. 1527 (1813). GOMEZA RECUKVA. Labellum ecalcaratiun, indivisum, bicristatum, sessile, cum basi columnae apterae liberae continuum. Petala 2 antica exteriorum connata, labello supposita. Massa pollinis 2, hinc sulco obliquo bilobae, apice connexse pro- cessu comnmni stigmatis. Brown MSS. Gomeza recurva, Brown MSS. We are indebted to our friend, Robert Brown, Esq., for generic character and name, given to it in honour of Ber- nardinus Antonius Gomez, Physician to the Portuguese fleet, and author of Botanico- Medical Observations on the plants of Brazil, a very respectable work, written in the Latin and Portuguese languages. Bot. Mag. 1748 (1815). 670 CONTRIBUTIONS TO TIIK BOTANICAI- MA(iAZINF., CyRTOPODIUM WOODFORDII. Petala 5, distincta, secunda. Labelluni trilobum.. cum processu unguifonni baseos coluinnae optera) subarticu- latum. Masaa pollinis 2, postice bilobae. Brown MSS. Cyrtopodium Woodfordii, labello ventricoso : lobis laminw lateralibus interraedio verrucoso callis cristate brevio- ribus. Cyrtopodium Andersofiii, labello angusto unguiculato : lobis laQiinse lateralibus divaricatis intermedio excavato longioribus. Bat. May, 1814 (1816). Anisomeles malabarica, tomentosa, subglandulosa, caule iiicano, foliis lanceolatis subtiis riigosis, verticillis multifloris, calycibus lanatis dentibus subulatis tubuni sequantibus. Brown MSS. Bot. May. 2071 (1819). Pultenaa tcnuifolia, capitulis terminalibus subbifloris, fructibus lateralibus, foliis subulato-linearibus muticis supra concavis subtus convexis raraulisque pilosis. Broivn MSS. Native of the south coast of New Holland, and probably of Van Diemen's Island. It was observed on several parts of the former by Mr. Brown, to whom we are indebted for enabling us to settle the species, and to distinguish it from the vestita of the " Hortus Kewensis," under which name we received it. Bot. May. 2086 (1819). Pultenaa biloba, capitulis terminalibus paucifloris, foliis cuneiformibus apice dilatato-bilobis supra tuberculato-sca- bies subtus sericeis ; mucrone brevi marginibusque recurvis. Brown MSS. We are indebted to our friend Mr. Robert Brown for CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL MAOAZINU. 671 his assistance in determining the species, by whom it was first discovered in New South Wales. Bot. Mag. 2091 (1819). Chloranthus monostachys. monandria monogynia. * t^ores Apdall. Anthera lateri ovarii insidens (indivisa, bilocularis ; vel triloba, 4-Iocularis). Ovarinm. nionosperniun, ovulo pen- dulo. Stigma capitatum. Drujja. — Brown. Chloranthus monostachys^ aniheris incurvis trilobis indi- visisve, spicis solitoriis, floribus alternis. Br. By the advice of Mr. Brown we have placed Chloranthus in the first class of the Linnean system, although, he observes, that only one known species is really and at the same time constantly monandrous {C. monander, Br.) ; for in inconspicuus and elatior {Br.) the three-lobed, four- celled anther, hitherto regarded as an antherifcrous petal, is according to him composed of three confluent anthers, of which the middle one only is pp^^ect or two-celled, corre- sppnding with the anther of monander, the lateral being dimidiate or one-celled ; and in monostachys both simple and compound anthers are found on the same spike. Bot. Mag. 2190 (1820). V 'ly RULINGIA PANN08A. Pentandria PENTAGYNIA. (Inter Maherniam et Commersoniam.) Petala 5, e cucullata basi ligulata. Stamina sterilia 5, I 072 (JOSTilllUITIONS TO TIIK »(jT.\NIOAI. MA(JA/INK. iiulivisa {Nectarium, Linn.). Ovarium 5-lociilai'e : lociulis* dispermis. Capaula : septis duplicatis (lerniuni 5-parti- bilis. Brown. liulingia pannoaa, cnpsulis cchinatis c.xsertia, foliis dcii- tato-serratis acutis planis supra scabris subti^s tonien- tosis : inferioribus ovatis subcordatis pa8sim(]uc lobatis ; superioribus oblongo-lanccolatis. Br. proilr. fl. nov.-hoU. 2 incdit. Our friend Mr. Brown, to whom we are indebted for the above generic and specific characters, places this genus in the Natural system in Ids order of Bnttnoriacca, whicli lie has defined in the appendix to ' Fiinders's Voyage,' vol. ii, p. 540.' It is nearly related to CommensOHxa, from which it differs in the number of sterile filaments, or divisions of the necta- rium, in the cells of the ovarium being two-seeded, and in the capsule. Named in memory of John Philip Ruling, author of an essay on the ' Natural Orders/ in which he has pub- lished the ideas of Professor Biittner upon this subject. A greenhouse shrub, native of Port Jackson, in New Holland, where Mr. Brown discovered several other species of the same genus. Bot. Mag. 2191 (1820). SyMPHORIA llACEMOSA. Pkntandria monogynia. Germen 4-loculare: loculis 2 polyspermis, sterilibus; 2 monospermis, fertilibus. Bacca coronata. Cor. tubu- losa, brevis, 5-fida, subaequalis. Cal. 5-dentatus. Brown. Lonicerae sp. Linn. Symphoria racemosa^ race mo interrupto subterminali, corolla intus barbata. Germen ovate, with two or three small bracts applied close to the base. Mr. Brown has observed that it is four- ' \AHle vol. i, p. 11.] CONTRIBUTIONS TO THK BOTANICAL MAOA/INK. 078 celled, 2 of the cells bearing each severnl ovuln, but which are always abortive ; the other two having each a single seed, which alone come to maturity. An lumlogoua cir- cumstance takes place, he observes, in the fruit of Linncea, and of Abelia, two nearly related genera belonging to the same family, the Caprifoliftcca, in both which the gcrmen is three-celled, two of the cells having several imperfect ovula, and the other a single ovulum, which alone comes to maturity. Vide ' Characters and Ocscriptions of Three New Species of Plants, found in China by Clarke Abel, Esq. «y Robert Brown, F.R.S.' [/Infc, p. 324.] Bof. Afar/. 2211 (1822). Dilltoynia cincrmccns, coryrabis terminalibus sessilibus, foliis filiforraibus crcctis ; mucrone innocuo brevissimo sub-recurvo, ramulis calycibusque sericeis. Brown MSS. Mr. Brown possesses many species of this genus, which he divides into two sections ; in one of which {Xcropctalum, Br.) these parts are marcescent. It is to the latter section that the present plant belongs. The three species recorded in the * Hortus Kewensis* all belong to the first; and from this division the above generic character seems to have been more especially framed. Bot. Mail. 2247 (1822). Jacaranda ovalifolia. CaL 5-dentatus. Cor. fauce campanulata: limbo bila- biato. Mlavientum quintuni sterile, longius, barbatum. Caps, ovata, bilocularis, bivalvis: dissepimento contrario, valvis pleniusculis adnato. Semina alata. — Arbores. Folia opposita, abrupte rariusve impari-pitmata, pinnis impari- pinnatis. Flores panicidati, violacei. Calyx sapiits cyaihi- formis nunc breve canipanulatus vel subcylindricus dentibus obsoletis. Corollae astivatio imbricafa, labio superior e brc- 43 ? 67'i CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. H: '.'I 4'lt ! it li, M p\ viore bilobo equitante inferins, cujm lobus medius major indivisus, lateralibus fectus. Stamina antherifera inclusa : Antheras sivpius dimidiatee, cum rudimento nano lobi alte- riiis ; nunc co)npIeta, loculis cequalibm divaricatis apice solum connexis. Brown MSS. Jacaranda ovalifolia, antheris dimidiatis, coroUis extus sericeis, foliolis pubescentibus ; lateralibus ovalibup cum mucrone ; terminali lanceolato. Brown MSS. Jacaranda ovalifolia is very nearly related both to /. acutifoiia and /. obtusifolia of Humboldt and Bonpland [Plant. jEquinoCt. tabs. 17 and 1 8), between which it may be placed. J. acutifoiia differs from it chiefly in all the leaf- lets being lanceolate, and in having a smaller number of pinnae. /. obtusifolia is still more distinct in its leaflets entirely wanting the mucro, which is both obvious and constant in our plant, and in having a smooth corolla. /. Bahamensis, Nob. (/. caroliniana, Persoon ; Bignonia caru- /e^, Linn.), of which there is in the Banksian Herbarium a single imperfect specimen that may be supposed to be authentic, and T. rhombifclia, of Meyer [Flor. Essequeb., 213), which is probably not different from the plant found by the late Dr. Anderson, of St. Vincent, on the banks of the Essequebo, and cultivated in some of the gardens, imder his name of Bignonia filicifolia, are easily distin- guisiied from the three species already mentioned, by their rhomboidal leaflets, and from each other by differences in the surface of corolla, which is silky in /. Bahamensis and smooth in /. rhombifolia. J. procera, Nob. [Bignonia Copaia, Aublet, B. procera, Wiild.), is sufficiently different from all the others in the much greater size of its leaflets, which are frequently up- wards of an inch in length ; in the rachis of the pinnae not being winged ; and in the cylindrical calyx, of which the teeth are extremely minute. In five of the above-mentioned species, I have ascer- tained that the antherae are dimidiate, with a hardly visible rudiment of a second lobe ; a structure which M. Meyer (1. c.) has expressed by " Antherae simplices," and intro- 5; 1* : r* CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 675 duced into his character of the genus. ' But in an unde- scribed species lately found in Brazil (/. toiiientosa, Nob.) they are perfect, consisting of two equal divaricate lobes, as in the greater part of the natural order. This species diiFers, indeed, from the rest of the genus in its leaves, having constantly a terminal pinna. It agrees with them, however, in all the other characters of the flower, and entirely in the structure of its fruit ; it can therefore be regarded as forming only a section of a strictly natural and well defined genus, still depending on characters not materially different frorii those proposed for it by M. de Jnssieu ; the only doubtful species being the Jacaranda 2, of Piso, from which the generic name was adopted. Broim. Bot. Mag. 2327 (1822). Brachystelma tuberosa. Asclepiadea. Corolla campanulata; sinubus angulatis. Cohimna inclusa. Corona 1-phylla, 5-fida : lobis antheris oppositis, dorso simplicibus. AnlhercB absque inembrana apiculari. Massm pollinis erectse, basi insertae. Brown MSS. Brachystelma tuberosa. Brown MSS. Stapelia tuberosa, Mecrb. ic. t. 54, f. 1, Monente D. Alton. Mr. Brown, in his valuable treatise on the "Natural Orders of Asclejnaclea and j4j)0cinea," pubhshed in the first volume of the ' Transactions of the Wernerian Society,' has divided the genus Stapelia, but our present plant will not unite with any of the genera there established ; we are therefore highly indebted to the friendship of this learned botanist, "for enabling us to establish the genus of this very rare plant. Meerburg's figure, above quoted, which was pointed out to Mr. Brown by Mr. Alton, represents the flower much r 676 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. larger than in our specimen, with the segments elongated to a very narrow point. Bot. Mag. 2343 (1822). Arthropodium cirratum, racemo diviso, bracteis foliaceis, pedicellis fasciculatis, petalis interioribus integerriniis, tila- mentorum dimidio barbato basi biappendiculato, foliis lanceolato-ensiformibus. Broion MSS. Anthericmn cirratum, foliis lanceolatis planiusculis, scapo paniculato, filamentis bicirratis. Forsfer Prodr. Fl. Austr., p. 24. Willd. sp. pi. 2, p. 140. Anthericum latifolium, Banks and Sol. MS8. Another species of Arthropodium, the paniculatam, will be found at No. 1421 of this work ; from which our present plant differs in the much greater width of the leaves and revolute bractes ; greater size of its w^hite flowers ; and both from that and every known species in the greater length of the spur-like processes at the base of the bearded part of the filaments, of which Mr. Brown could only trace mere rudiments in any of the other species ; in the entire margins of the inner petals ; and in the thicker root, approaching to tuberous. Bot. Mag. 2350 (1822). Ammobium alatum. Syngenesia Polygamia ^Equalis. Sect. Discoidei. Beceptaculum paleis distinctis. Pappus, margo dentatus. Antherce basi bisetae. Involucrum imbricatum, coloratura, radians. — Herba erecta, tomentosa. Folia integerrima : radicalia lanceolata, basi attenuata, caulina minora, decur- rentia. Cauhs alatus, ramis unijloris. Involucra hemi- spharica, laminis aliis, intims patulis radium abbreviatum CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 677 efformantibus. CoroUulaB u/iiformes,Jlava. Stigmata frun- cato-dilatata. Somma, aucipitia. Keceptaculuiii convexum. Brown . Ammohium alatum. Brown MSS. An undescribcd genus belonging to the same tribe with GnaphalituUy discovered by Robert Brown, Est]., in 1804, growing plentifully, near the shores of Port Himter (or the Coal River), in New South Wales, and named by him froiu its growing in sand. Bol. Marj. 2459 (18;i4). EnTKL/EA ARB011ESv.:KNS. POLYANDUIA MONOGVMA. Cal. 4 — 5-phyllus, Petala 4. Stamina indefinita, uni- formia, antheris subrotundis, incunibentibus. Stigma den- ticulatuni. Capmla sphoeroidea, echinata, sex locularis, semi-sexvalvis, polysperraa. — Arbor [jjarva, li(/no lavissimo spongiosOy Solander) puhe stellari {in pagina superiore folii adulti parciore et subsimjjlici) tomentosa. Folia cor- data, angulata, diiplicato-crenafa, o-nervia, stipulis per~ sistentibus, parvi>^, foliaceis. Unibellae simpIiceSf terminales, pedunculala, involucro polyphyllo, brevi, pedicellis ebrac' tcatis. Flores aibi, raro 'ii-fidi ; calyce deciduo, folioUs aristatis, gemma (alabastro) qnadricorni ; petalis /«6reV*^/s, apicc sub- laceris, staniinibus corolla brevioribus, subtoriilosis, omnibus antheriferis ; stylo angnlato, stigmate iimbilicato, margine denticulate. Capsularum setae longce, rigida. opjaca, pubcs- centes, spintda pellucida acuta recta terminatce. Semina in singula loculo biseriata,parva, obovata; albumine carnoso, setnini con/or mi ; embryone recto, albo, longitudine fere albuminis ; cotyledonibusjy/a;^/s, cordatis. Ord. Nat. Inter Tiliaceas, proximum genus Sparmannid., quacum habitu, inflorcscentia, antheris, stigmate, capsula- 678 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. rum figura, earumque setis spinula pellucida terminatis convenit; diversum filamentis omnibus antheriferis (unde noraen) vix manifeste torulosis, capsulis basi indivisis nee longitudinaliter dehiscentibus, loculis polyspermis, nee oligospermis (secundum Thunberg in Sparmannia dispermis, cujus tamen ovarii loculi certe polyspermi sunt) calycis foliolis aristatis nee muticis. R. Brown MSS. Entelaea arboreseens, H. Brown MSS. Bot. May. 2480 (1824). Stylidium adnatmn, foliis cuneato linearibus, spiea sub- coniposita ; partialibus })aucifloris, labello inappendiculato, eapsulis angusto-linearibus : loculo postico angustissimo vacuo aclhaorente. B. Broivn MSS. Stylidium adnatura, Br. Brodr. Fl. Nov.-HolL, p. 572. )3 sjnca pedvnculata, caulibus partialibus indivisis, Br. " It is possible that the plant here figured," Mr. Brown observes, " may belong to a species different from S. adna- tmn, whose spike is generally sessile, and more subdi- vided ; I am inclined, however, to unite them, and to add, as a third variety, S. propinquum, which was taken up from imperfect materials. In the section of the genus to which 8. adnatmn belongs, the best specific differences are found in modifications of the structure of the capsule, and by these alone the species at present known may be readily determined. Thus, in 8. breviscapum the cells and valves of the capsule are in form and contents perfectly equal, as in the other sections of the genus. In fasciculatum the cells are dissimilar in form, but of nearly equal size, and both fertile. In falcatuni the posterior cell, still more different in form, is also considerably reduced in width and entirely without ovula ; nor is it, as I have stated in the specific character, fertile. Lastly, in adnatmn, of which I am now disposed to consider propinqmim a variety, the posterior cell is not only entirely destitute of ovula, but is reduced to a capillary tube, which continues to adhere to the fertile cell. From this series of species, in which the upper or posterior cell is gradually obliterated, we are led CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 679 to the true explanation of the structure of Lysipoma. This genus, belonging to Loheliacece, is described by M. Kunth as having a single parietal placenta ; it may, however, be regarded as having a septum so closely pressed to the upper side of the capsule as to have no manifest cavity, and con- sequently produces ovula on the one side only." Brown MSS. Bot. Mag. 2598 (1825). BtBckia camphorata, Brown MSS. Bot. Mag. 2G94 (182(5). ( ; ^mmmmmmm ippiap •» ' ■ » 'W'' wwmnwiBSWnwwt*; ( ! '•W-'-' CONTRIBUTIONS TO TllK BOTANICAL REGISTER. 1810—182(3. A»; i. .. ><♦ f CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL REGISTER. Cryptarrhena. Petala 5, distiucta, patentia. Labdlam ccalcaratiim : lamina dilatata explaiiata. Columua libera, aptcia. Anlkera apice cucullato columnae inclusa, porrecto- ascendeiis. Massa pollinis (\\x^\\\o\\ Brouni MSS. Cryptarrhena lunata, Brown MSS. Bot. Bey. 153 (1816). Vestia. On Mr. Brown's suggestion, we have placed the genus in the Order Solanece. It comes very close to Lycium. Bot. Beg. 299 (1818.) Callistemon rigidum, foliis linearibus (lanceolato-lineari- busve) planis acutissimis mucronatis laevibus, ovariis pubescentibus, capsulis distinctis. Broton MSS. Bot. Beg. 393 (1819). Calytrix. Cal. superus, tubo cylindraceo, limbo 5- partito, laciniis aristatis persistentibus. Pet. 5, decidua. Stam. omnia (ssepius indefinita raro decem) antherifera, decidua. Ovarium uniloculare, dispermum. Pericarpium (^c//e^oj»m)monospermum, indehiscens, exsuccum. Frutices {Nova Hollandice) ericoidei. Folia parva, scepius angulata, sparsa^ imbricata, glanduloso-pundata, in plerisque petiolata et stipulis i aetaceis liberie minutis deciduis instructa. Flores 084 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL RElilSTEIl. {albi vii; purpurei) axillarea, nolifarii, Inbracteali, bracteis membranaceis, carinatia, pcmatentibus, basiconnatia. Brown MSS. C. fjlabra, icosuiidra ; foliis petiolatis stipulatia adultis bmcteisque glabris. Brown MSS. The generic character now offered is from the pen of Mr. Brown, and lias been framed with the accustomed skill and foresight of that learned naturalist with a view to the cluster of confining genera from the same regions, which will be found near it in the concludhig volume of his ' Pro- dromusof the Flora of New Holland.' Achenium implying an indehiscent originally one-seeded seed-vessel, while that of the present genus, though eventually one-seeded, having been found by Mr. Brown to originate in a germen with two ovula, one of which proves constantly abortive, he has thought it advisable to suggest Achenopsis as a more precise denomination for this sort of seed-vessel. Glabra is the first of the genus that has presented itself in our European gardens, and is native within the colony of Port Jackson, where it was found by Mr. Brown, whose herbarium contains hkewise four more of its congeners, of which that gentleman has favoured us with the following account : — Three, our plant being one, were observed by him in the colony above mentioned, as well as in Van Diemen's Island, and agree in having a petioled stipuled foliage and icosandrous flowers ; a fourth he discovered on the south-west coast of New Holland, this had likewise a petioled stipuled foliage, but the flowers were decandrous ; the fifth he observed on the north coast of the same conti- nent (in the Bay of Carpentaria), in that the flowers were icosandrous as in the three first-mentioned species, but it differed from all the others in having a foliage without either petioles or stipules. Through these modifications the genus will be found to unite with its confining co-ordi- nates at different points. Bof. Beg. 393 (1819). Melaleuca incana, foliis ternis lineari-lanceolatis utrinque ramulisque incano-pubescentibus, spicis ovalibus oblongisve. Broion MSS. Bof. Beg. 410 (1819). CONTRIBUTIONS TO TIIK, HOTANK AL RKOISTKR. G85 'ro- Artabotrys. Cal. tripartitus. Pctnla sex. Stamina hypogynn. Ovaria distincta, (lispcrmn. Baccce dispermcc (nbortionc quandoquc monospernitt!). Semina colhiternliii erecta exarilhita albuniinc rimoso. — Frutices clecumbevtes. Folia alterna, integerr'ima, cxslipnhtn. I'cduncuU extra- alares, suboppositifolii pancijtori, j)edicelli8 (1 — 2) laterali- bu8, apice uncinati. Brown MSS. Ob8. Charactcribua supra, datis proxime accedit Kad- surao, cujus baccce dhperma seminibits coUateralibits pariter distiiictcB receptaculo carnoso inside/ites fide iconis et de- scriptionia Kcempferi (Araacn. Exot. 470) ; sed Kadsura vix Annonacca ob summam affinitatem cum Uvaria hete- roclita, Roxb. Flor. Ind. Ined. cin albumen indivisum nee processubus membrancB interioris rimosum auctoritate dc- scriptionis operis citati. Brown MSS. A. odoratisaimna, petalorum laminis planis lanceolatis, foliis oblongis acumiiiatis. Brown MSS. Uvaria odoratissima. Boxburgli, Flor. Ind. Ined. Unona uncinata, Bnnal Anonacecs, 105, t. 12 et BeCand. Syst. Nat. 1, 490. Unona hamata. Dunal Anonace'es,\Ql . BeCand. Nat. 1, 491. Uvaria esculenta. Bottler in Nov. Act. Sac. Nat. berol. 4, 201. Uvaria imcata. Loureiro cochin. 349. Anon a uncinata. Lamarck, encyc. 2, 127. Anona hexapetala. Li^in. Suppl. 270. Ilort. Kew. 2, 253. Ed. 2, 3, 335. Willd sp.pl. 2, 126G. The present plant, after various shiftings from one inap- propriate group to another, according to the wavering views of different botanists, is now placed in a new genus constituted for its reception by Mr. Brown, to whom the generic name has been suggested by the curious grapple or tendril belonging to the peduncle, by which the growing fruit is conveniently suspended on the nearest support, during its advance to maturity, and the slender flexile branch relieved from the disproportionate burden, which would be otherwise laid on the ground. The synonymy is also a valuable contribution from 12a, Sysl. Cur. w \ I 686 CONTRIBUTIONS TO TIIK BOTANICAI, REGISTER, Mr. Hrown, nnd presents a critical view oi the scientific history of the 8[)ccies. We understand that three species of Artabotrys, besides the present, are already known, one of which with curiously small flowers has been recently discovered by Dr. Ilorsfield during his residence in Java, and is in the rich Her- barium that gentleman has brought to this country. Iht. Reff. 423 (1820). MoDECCA. F/ores diclines (dioici v. monoici). Cal. 5-fidus. Petaht 5, calyci inserta. Squama {Nectariitm, Linn.), numero definita) (5 — 1 0) raro nulla). Mas. Stamina 5 ; ant/tera stantes. Fem. Caps, (pedicellata) unilocularis 3-valvis polysperma. llerbai {India Orientalis, Nova I[oI/a7idicB, ct Africa yEquinodinlis) scandentea cirrhis axilJaribm simplicibua vel e divisuris pedimculorum. Folia lohata V. indivisa hasi el subtus sapiiis glandulosa. Pedun- culi amllara^ apice divisi dichotomiis cirrhiferis. Brown MSS. Bot. Reg. 433 (1820). Cryptostegia. Cor. iufundibuliformis : tubus squamis 5, inclusis (bipartitis mibulatis) laciniis limbi alternantibus. Stamina inclusa, imo tubo inserta ; jilamentis distinctis ; antheria basi stigmate cohserentibus. Glandula 5, spathu- latai, angulorum stigmatis pollen granulosura (simplex) colligentes. Ovaria 2. Sf(/H 2. Stigma (commune) pen- tagonum. FolliciH Semina comosa. — Frntex vohibilis, glaber. Folia opposita. Pedunculi terminales, '^-fidi. Flores speciosi. Corolla astivatione contorta. FoUi- culi nngulati, divaricatissimi. Brown MSS. Cryptostegia grandiflora. Brown MSS. Cryptostegia is founded upon a single species, native of the Peninsula of India, where it was first observed by Dr. Roxburgh, and strangely mismatched by him with the species of the genus Nerium, belonging to the Apocynea ; while our plant belongs to the third section of Mr. Brown's Asclepiadea, distinguished from the other sections by granular solitary pollen-masses and filaments which are CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL RKGI8TF.R. 087 distinct in whole or in part. Cn/ptoftfegin is, however, conceived by Mr. Brown to be the link hy which the two orders connect througli his genus Cri/ptolcpis, also n native of India and a climber. The name was suggested to Mr. Brown by the circum- stance of the enclosure of the five-scaled crown within the tube of the corolla, and its not being exposed to view, as in other bordering genera. Bot.Rvy. 435 (1820). BuRciiEiiLiA. Capiiuliim involucratum. Cor. clavato- infundibuliforinis : limbo 5-fido abbreviato fauceque im- berbi ; a^stivatione nnituo imbricatA, contorta. Stamina supra medium tubi inserta ; nnlhoris subscssilibus inclusis. SH(/))ia clavatum. Bacca calyee alte 5-fido coronata, bilo- cularis, polysperma. Brown MSS. Frutex ramosissimw pubescent, ranudis comprrssis. Folia opposite'. Stipulae iniopetiolnres, e dilafatd basi subidatae, indivisee, caducce. Capitulum terminate, extra invobicrum monophyllmn pluridentatum oMreviatum, pari unico foliorum minor urn stipulis proporiionatim. latioribus sitbtensum . Ovaria supra receptaculum conveamm vi/losum bracteolisquc non- null is minutissimis conspersum sessilia, distincta. Calyx : limbo foliaceo aquali, tubmn aliquoties superante. Corolla coccinea, extus pilis apprcssis, intus fj!abra prater barbam annularem juxta basim tubi. Anthers lineares. Discus epigynus carnosus, indivisns, imberbis. Stigma exsertum. titrinque sulco exaratum. Bacca turbinato-ylobosay bilocularis septo completo. Placenta adnata. Semina angulata. Em- bryo axilis, dimidio alhuminis cartilayinei lonyior. Brown MSS. BurchelUa capensis. Brown MSS. By its original observer the species had been ranked under the head of Lonicera, but was afterwards referred to its true station in Rubiaceee; though that learned botanist, in adopting an erroneous description, representing the seeds of the berry as solitary, has placed the plant in a wrong section of the order, Mr. Brown having proved it not to be consistentlv reducible to any established il geni •nMBV^appp y,f i 688 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL REGISTER. formed a new one from it, and with that liberality and vigi- lance which he extends to every interest of science, availed himself of the appropriate occasion of honouring the merits of Mr. Burchell, the zealous and enterprising investi- gator of the regions to which our plant belongs. Bot.neg.^m (1820). Calotis. ^ec*?^/. epaleaceum. ^e/^^;««a coronata paleis duabus oppositis aristisque 1-3 glochidatis. Involucrum subaequale, simplici vel duphci serie polvphyllum. Broum MSS. HerbaB ramosa, pilosiuscula. Folia aiterne. Involucra ramos terminantia, solitaria, planimcula, foliacea. Ligulse fmninece numerosce, imhricatce, ccerulecs, post anthesin spi- raliter revoluta, et dm persistentes. Fhsculi masculi quin- qiiefidi, flavi, antheris bad muticis. Achsenia (semina, Linn.) verticaliter compressa cuneata. Fapipns persistens, c paleis lateralibus, dilatatis latioribus quam longis^ auricidi- forwibi's ; et aristis longioribm sapiua duabus {anticd et posticd), extra medium vel apice solum aculeolis reversis. Receptaculum scrobiculatum vel subalveolatum convexum. Brown MSS. Calotis cuneifolia, foliis cuneatis apice inciso-dentatis. Brown MSS. The character of Calotis was formed, but not published about fifteen years ago, from C. dentex, a species first observed by Mr. Brown himself in New Holland, where it is not uncommon in the neighbourhood of Port Jackson. The present has been since found, during an expedition into the interior of the above country, growing on the banks of the River Lachlan in 1817, by Mr. Allan Cunningham, who is commended by Mr. Brown as " an indefatigable collector and acute observer." Bot. Reg. 504 (1820). Vanda. Labellum calcaratum, cum basi simplici (brevi- usve producta) columna apterae continuum, trifidum, lobo medio carnoso. Petala patentia distincta. Massm poflinis 2, oblique bilobtr. Brown MSS. ■■« mm CONTKIHUTIONS TO THK BOTANICAF. RKOISTRH. 689 Obs. Aerides paiiiciilatiim (Bo/. Rcy. v. 3,/. '2-2X))f/Piirris pristini species impar nimis hide {monente D. Brown) aple sntis associnri potest. ParasiticcE amhce. Vaiula lioxburgldi, ovariis contortis, petalis oblongo- ovatis undatis, foliis oblique trideiitatis. Brown MS>S. The generic character now given has been formed by Mr. Brown so as to inchide Aekides pankidatain., pub- lished provisionally by that generic name in our third volume (fob 220) ; but now it will be seen that the sj)ecies is not a very close congener of the one before us. The Cymbideum tessellatim of Roxburgh is not included in the preseut genus. Mr. Brown had some scruple in not rauging the group under ANoiiiECUM of M. Du Petit-Thouars (of which a spe- cies is given in ' Voy. de liory de St. Vincent,' I. '559, tab. 19), not being able, from want of sntticient detail in the description of the structure of the parts of that genus, to decide satisfactorily whether he ought to do so or not ; and has at last been determined principally by the tQt)el in Anoh^ecum being undivided, and probably membranous, while in V/-nda it is three-lobed and fleshy, lie expects that several species of Swartz's genus Limodorum will be found to rank imder the present. Bot. Reg. 506 (1820). I m Griffinia parviflora. Semina secundum ofjservationes Doiu. Brown, obovata, ventricosa, nitentia, oeliroteuca ; m\\h\\\Q\\^ basilaris ; apex chalaza fusca, inslgnitus ; raphe tenuis, immersa ; integ^i- mentum duplex, exterius membranaceum, nitens, per lentem pulchre areolatum, ventre longitudinaliter incrassatum, prce- sertim in regione umbilici; membrana propria tenuissima, nlbumini adherens, separabilis tamen, evasctdosa, basi cha- laz€B inserta cfsterum libera ; albumen semini conforme, dense carnosum ; embryo avUis, longitudine dimidii albu- minis, cylindraceus ; radicula umbilico approximata, apice exserto. Brown MSS. 44 \l> i. t 690 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL REGISTER. We are to thank Mr. Brown for the description of the seed of this genus, the nature of which had been misun- derstood until the present subject was submitted to the test of his accurate and skillful investigation. £ot. Beg, 511 (1821). HedycUnm elatum, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis glabris, spiels laxis ; fasciculis ternis subtrifloris, laciniis interioribns limbi cuneato-linearibus, labelli lamina l3ifida. Brown MSS. Caulis b — 10-pedalis. Folia inferiora oblongo-lanceolatUy omnia acumine subulato-Jiliformi citius marcescenti. Spica 6-uncialis, fasciculis distindis sapissime ternis, patentibus, trifloris. Ovarium (germen) villosum. Perianthium exte- rius (calyx) spathaceum, scariosum^ pubescens : interius (corolla) tubo cylindraceo ochroleuco, Umbo exterior' ipar- tito laciniis angusto-linearibus acutis, interiore laciniis later alibus cuneato-linearibus, apice parmn dilatato obliquo : labellum ungue brevi lato-lineari : lamina circumscriptione ovatd, lobis diviidiato-ovatis obtusiusculis. Filamentum labello longius. Antherae linearis basi bifida lobis pol- liniferis. Stigma cyathiforme indivisum ciliatum. Nec- taria (stamina steriUa) 2, brevissittia, teretiuscula, approwi- mata. Brown MSS. An unrecorded species, determined and described by Mr. Brown from native samples in the Banksian Museum, of which that gentleman is now, fortunately for science, in the well-earned possession. The samples formed part of the collection of Nepaulese plants transmitted by Dr. Wallich the able superintendent of the Calcutta Botanic Garden, b} whom, as was plain from the inscribed notice, they had been taken for speciosum, accurately described by himself in the ' Flora Indica' of Roxburgh ; but on examination by Mr. Brown, proved to be essentially distinct from that species. Bot Beg. 526 (1821). Anthemis apiifolia, foliis glaberrimis pinnatifidis : lobis cuneatis trifidis incisisve, floribus solitariis, involucri foliolis linearibus apice scariosis. Brown MSS. Involucrum (calyx) hdemisphcericum^ foliolis subaquali- the Mr. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL REGISTER. 691 bus, appressis, linearibus, apice brevi scarioso viv dila- tato. Pappus: margo membranaceus brevissimus indi- visus. Receptaculnm cotwexiusculum, pcltnceum, paleis linearibus acutis. Brown MSS. With our present imperfect knowledge of this plant, it is perhaps necessary to refer it to Anthemis, though in real affinity it will probably be found to approach more nearly to Chrysanthemum Indicum, of which the supposed double-flowered varieties are in like manner generally fur- nished with palea. As that plant, however, in its single state has always a naked receptacle, and some of its double-flowered varieties are constantly, while others are occasionally without palea, in the second edition of the * Hortus Kewensis,' it was continued in Chrysanthemum ; an arrangement which it would not perhaps be necessary to alter, were it even proved that two species have been con- founded under the name of Chrysanthemum Indicum, both of them belonging decidedly to the same natural genus, and to this genus I am inclined to think Anthemis apii- folia, when completely known, may be referred. As to the narrow margo crowning the seed, on account of which our plant has been considered a Pyrethrum, it does not appear to me to constitute a sufficient generic character, and it equaUy exists in Chrysanthemum Indicum, particularly in the single-flowered specimen of the Linnean Herbarium. Brown MSS. For the above account we are indebted to the unwearied liberality of Mr. Brown, who has taken this opportunity to account for his retaining Chrysanthemum Indicum in that genus in the second edition of the ' Hortus Kewensis,' and for not following some of his predecessors in referring the species to Anthemis. Bof. Beg. 527 (1821). i ii Astelma. Beceptaculum nudum {nee paleatum nee favosum). Pappus plumosus, sessilis ; radiis ba^i connafis. Involucrum icalyw) imbricatum, squamis scariosis : intimis conniventibus. Brown MSS. Astelma eximium. Brown MSS. ^^^^mtmmmmt mmmm 692 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL REGISTER. AsTELMA is now first detached from Gnaphalium by the above able hand ; and founded upon the present species characterised as a genus by a naked receptacle of the flower. (neither chaffy nor honeycombed) ; a sessile feathered seed- crown, the radii of which are connected at the base; an imbricated calyx composed of scariose leaflets, the inner- most of which are convergent, and whose florets are all both stamen-bearing and pistil-bearing. It is the nearest genus to Elichrysum, from the genuine species of which, according to Mr. Brown, it only differs by the rayless calyx. Bot. Beg. 532 (1821). Bendrobium cucullatum, caulibus pendulis, fohis bifariis lanceolatis acuminatis, pedunculis oppositifoliis subbifloris, labello indiviso circumscriptione ovato basi cucullato. Brown MSS. It is said to be in several collections, and to have been generally conceived to be Dendrobium Pierardi of the unedited part of Roxburgh's * Flora Indica' ; and which, according to Mr. Brown, to whom, as in so many instances, we are indebted for all we have to say on the subject, it is possible it may really be ; but finding by both figure and description the flowering stems of that species represented as leafless, the lamina of the labellum of an obovate form, and leaves as eraarginate, while in the present plant the flowering stems are in full leaf, its labellum of an ovate outline, and the leaves taper-pointed, he has deemed it safer to regard the present sample as belonging to a distinct species. Bot Beg. 548 (1821). LissocHiLUS. ilf«55<:e joo//z«25 2, obliqu^ bilobse. Label- liim basi saccatum : lamina sessili indivisa convexa, postic^ excisa et cum basi columnse apterae edentulae connata. Broion MSS. L. speciosus, petalis interioribus divaricatis duplo majo- ribus exterioribus reflexis, labello alte cordato. Brown MSS Herba ^-pedalis et. ultra. Folia radicalia ensiformia *^: ' <'•■ CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL REGISTER. 693 acutissima cra^.siiiscula rigidida mridia nee glauea, margini' bus earindque Icevihus : basibiis dilafatis inerassatis in but- bum emersmn connafis, scapo aliquoties breviora. Scapus vaginatus teres viridis solidus, fasciculis vasorum sparsis. Vaginse distantes strictce foliacea, in foliola lanceolata, appressa, acuta longitudine vise ipsius vagiricB productce. Spica racemosa simplicissima erecta laxa sesquipedalis. Bractesd /oliacea lanceolata, patulce scepiusve divaricate, im- merse nervosa, marginibus Iambus, injima in scapum paulb decurrentes ovarium cum jpedicello suo superantes, reliqua sessiles, superiores ovario breviores. Flores speciosi, e torsione j^^dicelli baseosque ovarii vere resupinati, labello antico. Perianthii foliola 3 exteriora utrinque viridia caly- cina, distincta arete refiexa ovata acufiuscula immerse ner~ vosa, postico piano, lateralia paulb latiora lavissime con* cava ; interiorum lateralia petaloidea, Jlava, immaculata, divaricaiissima, oblongo-ovata, obtusiuscula. Umbo parum reflexo, disco June convexiusculo ; nervosa nervis lateralibus alternatim simplicibus bifidisque, ipsa bast alba. Labellum lateralibus interiorum vix brevius, basi subfns calcarato- saccatum cornu brevissimo compresso albo : lamina sessilis, circumscriptione ovato-oblonga, Jlava basi albicante venis purpureis, apice subretuso, basi alte cordata lobis posticis rotundatis dimidio inferiore liberis superiore cum basi columna coharentibus suturis manifestis, lateribus subpa- ' allelo-reflexis plicatis plicis paulb tantiim elevatis obtusis sulcis intersticialibus nngustis: disco convexo axi gibbo- siusculo. Columna proportionata semiteres e basi alba pallide virens, aptera apice edenfulo postice rotundato. Anthera terminalis mobilis decidua, in expanso /lore apicem antice declivem columna operiens, didyma, dorso incrassato dilute viridi apice retuso, bilocularis locidis approximatis septulo pariiali incomplcto contrario in latere exteriore instructis. Massse poUinis in singulo locido singula, in gemma florali juniori minutissime granulosa, in expanso Hore cereacea ovata, post impragnaiionem in ajnce obliquo columna [clinandrio) inversa, postice {respectu anthera antice) instructa lobulo tninore operiente majoris cavitatem illitam materia viscidd elasticd Jlavescenfi processus cuj'us C»»)»i^>Hii'»rc »'n *tii*i\]\ r. wi>f iia' , :': 694 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL REGISTER. massa inserta lin^ulis communi brevi lato-lineari mem- hranacece alhce e glanduld subrotundd apicis stiffmatia orta. Stigraa anticum cavum subrotundum viride secernens. Brown MSS. The plant here described is the only certain species of Lissochilus ; Cymbidium giganteum, ifcwever, according to Thunberg's description, may also belong to the same genus. This genus, in affinity, come^i nearest to those plants of South Africa at present referred to Limodorum and Cgni' bidium, namely, Limodorum barbatum, triate, longicorney and perhaps also Mans of Thunberg (not, however, Satyrium hians, Linn, which seems to be a Bisa), Cymbidium pedi- cellatum and aculeatum. These, along with several Indian species, also referred by Swartz and Willdenow to Limo- dorum, especially L. virens, narinatum and perhaps epiden- droides, form a genus (Eulophus) related on the one hand to Dipodium (vide Prodr. Flor. Nov. HolL, p. 300), and essentially agreeing with Lissochilus in the structure of Anthera, but sufficiently different from it in its trilobed crested labellum, which is neither cordate nor connected at base with the column. In both these characters Lisso- chilus equally differs from Angreecum of M. Du Petit- Thouars, which has also an elongated spur, and a con- siderably different habit. Among the plants at present referred to Limodorum, another very distinct genus may be noticed, consisting of Limodorum veratrifolium, and judging from Kaempfer's figure, L. striatum also. This genus (Calanthe) agrees with Bletia in having eight pollen-masses, but differs from it in the claw of the labellum being connected with the column. It is not unlikely that this may be the Cyanorchis of M. Du Petit-Thouars, who will probably hereafter pub- lish it under a different name. Brown MSS. Bot. Beg. 573 [578 by mistake in orig.] (1821). ■l~-5--Vit!.lTlBl," CONTRIBUTIONS TO rU£ BOTANICAL REGISTER. 695 Ophiopogon spicatua. Liriope spicata, Loureiro cochin. 200 {monente B. Brown ah autopaid edocto eccemplaris archetypi in Herb. Parisiano asservati). In O. spicato {monente D. Brown) semen (saepe 2 — 3), nudum haccatum de ovule mox post factum conceptum auctu preBcociori ccetera Ulidente exque germinia vertice crunipente excretum : basi cum exuto (/ermine coharena. In 0. spicatua, Mr. Brown has found the fruit to be of the same kind he has ascribed to Peliosanthes Teta, in the twelfth volume of the 'Linnean Transactions' \vol. 1, p. 362]. Bat. Beg. 593 (1822). Macradenia. Labdlum sessile, cucullato-concavum in- divisum acuminatum. Corolla petala distincta patula. Colmnna libera, lobis apicis conniventibus. Masace pollinia 2, exsulcae. Brown MSS. Macradenia lutescenSy Brown MSS. Cor. sordide lutea, intiis purpureo-fusco marmorata. Labellum corolla brevius, ecalcaratum, album, intiis purpiireo interrupte lineatum, obovatum, appendice Uneari acuta reflexd. Columna longi- tudine fere labelli, semitereSy supra sensim latior lobis late- ralibua apicis in cucuUum antheram amplexantem conniven- tibus. Anthera e basi paulo gibbonoic intiisque biloculare producta in acumeii lato-lineare concavum ipsa basi aliquo- ties longius processum subulatum stigmatis, glandulam, ejusque appendicem, involvens. Massae poUinis cuneiformes, modice compresses, post migrationem apicibus auis acutis affixa disco lipids dilatati appendicia elongates proscollce. Brown MSS. An undescribed species, now first introduced by Mr. Griffin, who received the plant, represented in the annexed plate, from Trinidad. It flowered last December in the hothouse at South Lambeth, and was communicated to Mr. Brown, who has made it the foundation of the present I 01)0 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANlCAli HKOISTER. gcims, to he placed next toONCU>iUM, from which it differs by a convolutcly concave undivided taper-pointed label, a corolla with the petals all distinct, a cohimn with" the two top-lobes converging convolutely (not extended), and by two furrowless or unindented pollen-masses {furrowed or indented in Oncidium). Bot. lley. 612 (1822). Ceropkgia. Asclepiadea. Cor. tubulosa basi ventii- cosa, limbi laciniis ligularibus conniventibus : eestivatione valvata. Coluinna fructificatiotiis inclusa. Corona stamitiea lO-fida; laoiniae 5 antheris distinctis oppositse longiores cum 5 reliquis (indivisis bifidisve) alternantes. Masses pollinis erectae. Herbae r/labra, sapins volubiles, radice tiihcrosd. Unibella) interpctiolares, nunc pauciflorce. Brown MSS. C. africana, pedunculis 2 — 8-floris, foliis ovato-Ianceo- latis carnosis, limbo coroUse barbato, coronae laciniis lon- gioribus aversis falcato-recurvis : brevioribus indivisis. Broivn MSS. Radix : tuber pro ratiotie herbce 3 — ^•imcialis magnmn. Caulis simplex, scepias volubilis. Folia acuta, planiuscula, avenia, breve petiolata, divaricata, apicibus siibrecurvis, semuncialia. Spica rara e pedunculis alternis brevibus 2 — ^-.floris, pedicellis brevibus minute bracteolatis. Flores erecti, inferiore prcecociore. Cal. h-partitus, laciniis lineari- subulatis modice patentibus, basi ventricom tubi corolla fere ter brevioribus. Corolla : tubus e basi obovato-t/lobosd obso- lete pentayond viridi cylindraceus, fauce infundibuliformi striatd ; limbi lacinice lineares iiifiis marf/inihusque pilis coloratis patulis acutis barbatce, erectm apicibus conniventi- bus Iceviterque cohcerentibus : liirbus inexpansus prismatico- jjcntagonus fauce pentagond angulis extantibus cum laciniis limbi alternantibus. Columna fructificationis basi ventricosd tubi inclusa. Corona apici tubi staminei brevis inserta monophylla decemloba : lobi quinque cum staminibus alter- nantes abbreviati indivisi obtusi basi saccati : quinque re- liqui quasi interiores antheris oppositi aliquoties longiores margine interiori truncato-canaliculafo exieriori in aciem • _ CONTUIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL REtilSTEM. C)97 altenuaio. Aiitlierae distinctce ovata loculis lateralihus loiif/itudinaliter dehiscentihns appendice apicis carnosd brevi acuta stifpnate incumbente. Massae pollinis minatcp mpra buHiti ajlicvce subglobosa. Stigma vmticum. Brown MSS. A very curious unrecorded species, now first introduced from the Cape of Good Hope. The masterly description is by Mr. Brown, who has so far modified the character of the genus with respect to that defined by himself in his illustration of the Natural Order, in the ' Memoirs of the VVernerian Natural History Society,'^ as to fit it for the reception of the species before us ; which he considers too naturally allied to the East Indian group he had originally allotted toCEROPEGiA to be separated. Bot. Ueg. C2() (1822). ScHizoPETALON. Ccilyx clausus. Petala pinnatifida ! Siliqua torosa, seminibus uniseriatis. Cotyledones quatuor ! separatim contortuplicatse ! Herba annua alternifolia,pube tenui-ramosa. Folia sinuato-pinnatijida, Racemus/o/mceo- bracteatiis. Calyx pubescens, foliolis albo-mar/jinatis, lateralibut, altitis descendentibus. Petala alba, unguibus calycem paulo super- antibiiSy laminis circumscriptione ovatis, pinnatijidis, laci- niis linearibus siccitate {et forsan cestivatione) involutis. Stamina 6, Jilamentis subceqiialibus, edentulis, antheria uni- formibus, sagittatO'linearibus, infrorsis. Glandulse liypogynce quatuor lineares, ercdce, petalis suboppositcB, geniinatim basibus d'datatis conjlucntibus filamcnta lateralia stipanies. Stylus brevissimus. Stigmata papulosa, connato-approwi- mata, in stylum decurrentia, basibus solutis, unicum quasi extinctoriiforme efforniantibus. Siliqua sessilis, bilociilaris, angusto-linearis, pubc ramosd brevi conspersa, valvis venosis. Semina sphcsrico-lenticuhria. Embryo viridis Radicula albicans, arcuata, semine paulb longior. Cotyledones ver- iicillatdB, aquales, elongata, angustatte, scmiteretes, sepa- ratim subspiralitcr involute. In ordine Cruciferarum genus nulli cognito atfine, et ' [Sec ante, p. 205.] Ill I nTUIJIpii N 698 CONTRIBUTIONS TO TB£ BOTANICAL RBOISTER. equidem ob numerum, figuram et vernationem cotyledo- num, petala pinnatifida, stignmtis structuram et stamina subsequalia tribus distinctae initium elformare videtur. Brown MSS. For the elaborate character which we have given above, we are entirely indebted to Mr. Brown, who alone, in this country, was capable of defining the limits, and of fully appreciating the peculiarities of this truly singular plant. Bot. Beg, 752 (1823). Carmichaelia. Ctt/^cZ" cyathiformis 5-dentatus. Ovarium polyspermum. Legumen oligospermum (1 — 3-8p.), replo post lapsum valvularum persistente ! Frutex ramosisaivius, sub statu Jlorescentia scepius aphyllus. Caiilis ramique primarii teretes, teneriores v. nlano-com- pressi, v. ancipites, stipulis minutis alteruatim dentati. Folia e dentibus ramorum fruticis junioris, ternata v.pinnata (foliolis 3 — 7 obcordatis). Racemi simplicissimi e denti- culis ramorum : pedicelli basi bractea 'tibbreviata, apice bints minutissimis. Ylores parvi. Calyc'is dentes subcequales, brevissimi. Petala longitudine subcsqiialia. Vexillum lamina latiore quam longiore, basi absque callis auriculisve. Carina obtusa. Filaraenta 1 — ^-jid. Anthera; uniformeSy subo- vales. Ovarium lineare, 5 — Q-spermum. Stylus subulatus, adscendens. Stigma obtusuvi, itnberbe. Semina subreni- formia, sinu clauso umbilico nudo. Brown MSS. C. australis, Brown MSS, Lotus arboreus, Forst. Prodr., No. 2, 278. For the above character of this very remarkable genus we are indebted to the kindness of Mr. Brown, who, fortunately for science, is in possession of perfectly ripe fruit. The term replum, which is employed in Mr. Brown's generic character to designate the persistent circumscrip- tion of the legume, was used by Vitruvius for the frame of a door, and we believe has been already applied to the purposes of botanical description in the sense in which it is used here, which is certainly unexceptionable. The garden plant has been compared by Mr. Brown with the specimens from Cook's ' Voyage,' in his own collec- ii CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BOTANICAL REGISTER. 699 tion, and with an authentic specimen from George Forster's * Herbarium,' as well as by ourselves, with others from some part of New Zealand ; and no difference has been detected between them. In explanation of the name applied to this plant, we make the following extract from Mr. Brown's communica- tion upon the subject : " I have named the genus in honour of my friend, Captain Dugald Carmichael, F.L.S., a very accurate bota- nist, whose interesting account of the Island of Tristan d'Acunha is published in the 12th volume of the 'Linnean Society's Transactions,* and to whom I am indebted for ex- tensive collections, and many excellent descriptions of the plants of the Island of Mauritius and of the Cape of Good Hope." Bot. Beg. 912 (1825). Choriaema HencJmanni, foliis acicularibus pungentibus solitariis v. ternatim fasciculatis, calycibus villosis. C. Henchmanni, B. Brown, ined. This plant, which recedes very much in habit from the species of Chorizema, previously published, has been named by Mr. Brown in honour of Francis Henchman, Esq., a very successful importer of New Holland plants, for whom the present subject was collected by Mr. William Baxter. Bot. Beg. 98G (182G). I< 't NAMES, &c., OF PLANTS CONTBIBrTKD TO VARIOUS PUBTJCATTONS BETWEEN 1818 AND 1826; AND NAMES QUOTED FBOM R. BROWN'S "HERBARIUM" IN MR. BENTHAM'S ' FLORA AUSTRALIENSIS/ Vols. I— III, 1863—6. mmmmmm NAMES, &c., OF PLANTS CONTEIBTTIED TO VARIOUS PUBLICATIONS BETWEEN 1818 AND 1826. I. Names and Descriptions of Plants contributed to De Candolle's 'Systema Naturale Regni Vegetabilis,' Paris, 1818—1821. RANUNCULACEiE. Clematis stenopetala, R. Brown, vol. I, p. 147. — aristata, R. Brown, ibid. Ranunculus inundatus, R. Brown, 1, jo. 269. — collinus, R. Brown, l,j». 271. — PmniliOy R. Brown, ihid. — plebeius, R. Brown, i,p. 288. — sessilifiorus, R. Brown, ],j». 302. DlLLENIACE^. Pachynema, R. Brown, l,jo. 411. — complanatum, R, Brown, \,pp. 411, 412. Hemistemma dealbatum, R, Brown, \, p. 413. — Banksii, E. Brown, l,jo. 414. — angustifoliuniy R. Brown, ibid. Pleurandra bracteata, R. Brown, 1, j». 415. — nitida, R. Brown, \, p. 416. — sericea, R. Brown, ibid. — cinerea, R. Brown, l,/». 417. -^ furfuracea, R. Brown, ibid. — parvijlora, R. Brown, \,p. 418. mm 704 NAMES, KTC, or PLANTS Pleuruiidra scabra, R. Brown, \, p. 418. — riparia, R. Brown, 1,/;. 419. — peduncidata, R. Brown, ibid. — acerosa, R. Brown, \,p. 42.3. — stricta, R. Brown, ibid. Candollea peduncidata, R. Brown, 1,/;. 424. — fascicidafa^ R. Brown, ibid. Hibbertia dentata, R. Brown, \, p. 420. — salir/na, R. Brown, !,/». 437. — vir^ata, R. Brown, l,jo. 428. — fasciculata, R. Brown, ibid. — linearis, R. Brown, ibid. — diffma, R. Brown, \,p. 429. — monogyna, R. Brown, f(5/. 430. — serpyllifolia, R. Brown. /i^/V. — oblom/ata, R. Brown, 1, 431. — cidi folia, R. Brown, ibid. — tomentosa, R. Brown, \,p. 432. — h'pidota, R. Brown, ^^/a?. Wormia alata, R. Brown, l,/>. 434. Magnoliace^. Tasmannia, R. Brown, 1, p. 445. Tasmannia aromatica, R. Brown, /^/. 75. [H. alata, A. Bich^ IV. Names of species of Conifera^ contributed to Mirbel's " Essai sur la Distribution Geographique des Coni- feres," in ' Mcmoires du Museum d'llistoire Na- turelle,' vol IS, pp. 74—76, Paris, 1825. CaUHris sp., R. Br., p. 74. — ylaiica, R. Br., ibid. — verrucosa, R. Br., ibid. — calcarata, R. Br., ibid. — robiista, R. Br., ibid. — Ventenatii, R. Br., ibid. — propinqua, R. Br., ibid. — tubercuiata, R. Br., ibid. — auntralis, R. Br., ibid. Podocarpus Nayeia, R. Br.,/?. 75. — cupressina, R. Br., ibid. — polystachya^ R. Br., ibid. — ensifolia, R. Br., ibid. CONTRIBUTED TO VARIOUS PUBLICATIONS. 707 Podocarpus data, R. hr., p. 75. — spinulosa, R. Br., ibid. — spicata, R. Br., ibid. — thuyoides, R. Br., ibid. — alpina, R. Br., ibid. — latifolia, R. Br., ibid. — falcaia, R. Bi*., ibid. — Antillaruni, R. Br.,/>. 70. V. Names of species of Conifera, contributed to Richard's ' Commentatio Botauica de Coniferis ct Cycadeis,' Stutgardiae, 1820. Callilris rhomboidea, Brown, /». 47. — fruticosa, R. Brown MS., /?. 49. Cunninghamia (Brown, in litt. non Willd), pp. 80 and 150. VI. Names referred to by various authors : Diplachne Baueri^ R. Brown, ir Oesfontaines' " Supple- ment au Memoirc sur le genre Cluwialaucium," in ' Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle,' torn, v, j». 272, Paris, 1819. Lissochiltis speciosus, Br= MSS. " The name of this fine genus has been communicated to us by Mr. Brown, from his unpublished manuscripts." Lindley, * Collectanea Botanica,' sub tab. 31 ; London. 1821. Harrisonia, Brown. " Nomen generi impositum, quo specimina ejus in Iler- bario Mus. Paris, inscribuntur," Adrien dc Jussieu, in Memoire sur le groupe des Rutacees, in 'Memoires HP"pr'p«p»i«^ 708 NAMES, ETC., OF PLANTS du Museum d'Histoire Naturelie/ vol. xii, p. 517 (1825). Cryjotandra pyramidalis, R. Brown MSS., .n *Ad. Brong- niart, * Memoire sur la Faraille des Rhamnees,' in Ann. Sci. Nat, Ser. 1, 10, jo. 373 (Paris, 1827). Pycnospora, Brown MSS., Wight and Arn. ' Prodr. Fl. Pen. Ind. Orient.' 1, jo. 197 (Lond. 1834). Pycnoapora hedysaroides. Brown, ibid. Triphelia brunoides, R. Brown MSS.. in Hiigel, * Ennme- ratioPlantarum Novae Hollandiae,Austro-Occidentalis,' p. 48 (Vindob. 1837). Poli/osma Cunninghamii, R. Br. MSS., in ' Plantse Javanica^. Rariores,>. 196 (1840). VI. Names of Plants quoted from Robert Brown's Her- barium in Bentham's 'Flora Australiensis/ vols. 1 — 6, London, ibG3 — 6. DlLLENIACE^. Ilihberlia stricta, R. Br. i, /?. 27. — vetulina, R. Br., 30. — echiifolia, R.Br., 81. — scabrUf R. Br., ibid, MENISPERMEiE. Adelioides decunibeus, R. Br., 59. CAPPARIDEiE. Capparis lucida, R. Br., 90. PoLYGALEiE. Comesperma aphyllum, R. Br., 143. — lanceolatum, R. Br., 148. CONTRIBUTED TO VARIOUS TUBLICATIONS. 709 Malvace^. Sida micropetala, R.Br., 201, Hibiscus thespesioides, R. Br., 220. Sterculiace^e. Lasiopetalum rufum, R. Br., 2C3. TiLIACE/E. Triumfetta glaucescens, R.Br., 273. — denticulata, R. ]ir., 274. Corchorus Pumilio, R. Br., 277. LlNE^. Erythroxylon ellipticum, R. Br., 284. RUTACEiE. Zieria canescens, R. Br., 305. — involucrata, R. Br., 30G. — furfur acea, R. Br., Hid. Boronia afjinis, R. Br., 311. — albifora, R. Br., cl7. Crowea dentata, R. Br., 330. Eriostemon parvifolius, R. Br., 335. Leguminos^. Brachysema miiflorum, R. Br., ii, p. 12. Spharolobium yrandiflorumt R.Br., 60. Daviesia concinna, R. Br., 75. — terefifoUa, R. Br., 82. Pultenaa viscosa, R.Br., 127. — ri^ida, R. Br., 130. — «eero«a, R. Br., 131. — hispidula, R. Br., 133. 710 NAMES, ETC., OF PLANTS Galega reticulata, R. Br., 205. — crocca, R. Br., ibid. — oblongata, R. Br., ibid. — porrecta, R. Br., 20C. — aatraffaloidcs, R. Br., 208. — juncea, R. Br., ibid. HaLORAGE/E Ifaloraffis panicidata, R.Br., ii,^. 481. — puailla, R. Br., ibid. — lanceolata, R. Br., 482. — stricta, R. Br., ibid. CoMBRETACEiE. Terminalia volucris, R. Br., 498. , Myrtace^. Calytlirix decn^dra, R. Br., iii,p. 48. — k 2, R. Br., 52. Backea Arb..^^..va, R. Br., 79. — Pyff^^^(^> R. Br., 86. Melaleuca lanceolata, R. Br., 143. — cylindrica, R. Br., 146. Eucalyptus hypericifolia, R. Br., 203. — Baccteri, R. Br., 207. — grandifolia, R. Br., 250. — perfoliata, R. Br., 253. LYTHRARIEiE. Entelia ammannioides, R. Br,, 296. Ammannia trijlora, R. Br., 297. LoRANTHACEiE. Loranthus ungustifolius, R.Br., 390. (ONTRIBUTKI) TO VARIOUS PUBLICATIONS. 711 RuBIACEyE. Gardenia siiffruticom, R. Br., \\\,jj. 410. — fucata, R. Br., 410. Txora trijlora, R. Br.. 410. Canihimn attcnuatum, R. Br , 421. Opercular ia volubilis, R. Br., 485. Spermacoce brachijslfuia, R. Br., 439. — membranacea, R.Br., 441. — purpureo-caru/ea, R. Ww, 442, — miffruticosa, R.Br., 443. COMPOSIT/E. Jsfer argutus, R. Br., 488. Calotis pterosperma, R. Br., 505. Blumea dilfusa, R. Br., 525. Pluchea dentecv, R. Br., 52U. I SHORT CONTRIBUTIONS TO VARIOUS WORKS, AMI OCCASIONAL NOTICES, BOTANICAL AND GEOLOGICAL. • • » *«v. W,-1» SHORT CONTRIBUTIONS TO VARIOUS WORKS. " In the preparation of the following notices, I have derived most essential assistance in almost every article, from the information of Mr. Robert Brown ; without that aid the account would have wanted those elucidations and explanations which his profound knowledge and research alone could supply, and which has given interest to some of the subjects far beyond what I anticipated or hoped for, before I obtained his promise of co-operation." J. Sauine, " Account of the Edible Fruits of Sierra Leone," in the 'Transactions of the Horticultural Society,' vol. v, p. 441, London, 1824. ANisopHYLLiEA, BrowH MSS., ibid., p. 440. Ficus Brmsii, Brown MSS., ibid., p. 448. Carpodinus, Brown MSS., ibid., p. 455. " The specimens [of IIoi/ci] which I have had the oppor- tunity of examining, afford evidence of the existence of three hitherto undescribed species. The first is a native of the more northern part of New South Wales, with leaves varying from elliptic to obovate ; this is in the Herbarium of Mr. Robert Brown, and is named by him Hoya australis, it having been referred by him in his ' Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae,' vol. i, p. 460, with a doubt, to //. carnosa. The second is also in the same collection, and comes from the Nicobar Islands ; it has beautiful globose mmmmmfmmm 716 SHORT CONTRIBUTIONS TO VARIOUS WORKS, umbels of flowers, which are very numerous in each umbel, and ovate-lanceolate leaves : Mr. Brown has named this J/o?/a nicoharica" Traill, Accounts and Descriptions of several plants belonging to the genus Hoya, &c., in the ' Transactions of the Horticultural Society/ vol, vii, London, 1830. Mayna, Haddi. " Ihre stellung im Natiirlichen System betretFend, reiht sich unsere Pflanze unstreitig zuniiclist an die Flacour- tianea und Biwinea>. Wir haben sie vorlaufig mit Erage- zeichen zu ersterer Farailie in die Niilic von Ilydnocarj^us gestellt, Diiissen aber dabci einer miindlichen Jljusserung R. Brown's gedenken, gemtiss welcher sie mit Ilydnocarpus und Gynocardiuy Roxb., eine eigene Familie bilden diirftc, deren Aufstcllung unsor unsterblicher meister hoffentlich spiiter selbst iibernehmcn wird. Zuccarini in Fasciculus Secundas Plantarum Minus Cognitarum, in Abhandlungen der Koniglich Bayerisch.:: Akademie, band ii, p. 3G8 (1837). Prof. Fuckland acknowledges assistance from Mr. Brown, in determining the nuture of the fossils, for which he states that, at Mr. Brown's suggestion, he had established a new family with the designation CycadoidecB. Transactions of Geological Society of London, 2nd series, vol. ii, p. 395. {BtadJuneQth,\^)lS.) In a note following the Preface to Dr. Buckland's ' Bridge water Treatise,' 2 vols., 8vo, 1836, the author says — "The scientific reader will feel that much additional value has been added to the present work — from the botanical part having been submitted to Mr. Robert Brown." It is probable that most of the observations on the struc- ture of Cycadecc and Cycadeous fossils, both in this work and in Prof. Buckland's Paper in the * Geological Transac- tions,' were contributed by Mr. Brown ; but the following arc the only pa ^iculars for which ho is specifically quoted : BOTANICAL AND GEOLOGICAL. 717 Cycadites. — M. Ad. Brongniart has referred these two fossil species to a new genus, by the name of Mantellia nidi' formis and Mantellia cylindrica. In my paper just quoted, I applied to them the provisional name of Cycadoidea met/alo- phylla and Cycadoidca microphylla ; but Mr. Brown is of opinion that luitil sufficient reasons are assigned for sepa- rating them from tlie genus Cycas or Zamia, the provisional name of Cycadites is more appropriate, as expressing the present state of our knowledge upon tliis subject. Buck- land's Bridyewater Treatise, vol. i, p. 496, note (1836). In the vascular bundles within the fossil petioles, Mr. Brown has recognised the presence of spiral, or scalariform vessels {Vasa scalarifunitia), such as are found in the petioles of recent Cycadea ; he has also detected similar vessels in the laminated circle within the trunk of the fossil buds next to be described. The existence of vessels with discs peculiar to recent CycadecB and Conifera, such as have been descril)ed in speaking of fossil Conifera, has not yet been ascertained. Ibid., p. 499, note. Podocarya. This fossil was found by the late Mr. Page, of Bishport, near Bristol, in the lower regions of the Inferior Oolite formation on the cast of Charmouth, Dorset, and is now in the Oxford Museum. The size of this fruit is that of a large orange ; its surface is occupied by a stellated cover- ing or Kpicaq>iiirn composed of hexagonal tubercles, forming the summit of cells, which occupy the entire circumference of the fruit Within each cell )s contained a single seed, resembling a small grain of rice, more or less compressed, and usually hexagonal. Where th<; Kpicarpium is removed, the points of the seeds arc seen, thickly studded over the surface of the fruit. The bases of the ceils arc separated from the receptacle, by a congeries of footstalks formed of a dense mass of fibres, resembling the fibres beneath tiie base of 718 SHORT CONTRIBUTIONS TO VARIOUS WORKS, the seeds of the modern Pandanus. As ths position of the seeds upon footstalks, composed of long rigid hbres, at a distance from the receptacle, is a character that exists in no other family than the PandnnecB, we are hereby enabled to connect our fossil fruit with this remarkable tribe of plants, as a new genus, Podocarija. T owe the suggestion of this name, and much of my information on this subject, to the kindness of my friend, Mr. Robert Brown. The large spherical fruit of Pandanaa, hanging on its parent tree, is represented at pi. Ixxxiv, fig. 1 . Fig. 1 ) is the summit of one of the many drupes into which this fruit is usually divided. Each cell, when not barren, contains a single, oblong, slender seed ; the cells in each dmpe vary from two to fourteen in number, and many of them are abortive. The seeds within each drupe of Pandanxs are enclosed in a hard nut. These nuts are wanting in Podo- carya, whose seeds are smaller than those of Pandanca, and not collected into drupes, but dispersed uniformly in single cells over the entire circumference of the fruit. The collection of the seeds into drupes, surrounded by a hard nut, in the fruit of Pandanus, forms the essential difference between this genus and our new genus Podocari/a. In the fruit of Pandanus the sununit of each cell is covered with a hard cup or tubercle, irregularly hexagonal ; and crowned at its a{)ex with the remains of a withered stigma. We have a similar covering of hexagonal tuber- cles over the cells of Podocarya. The remains of a stigma appear also in the centre of those hexagons above the apex of each seed. Buckland's BruUiowatcr Treatise, vol. i pp. 501, 505 (1830). In the titie-page to the edition of Dr. Buckland's ' Bridge- water Treatise,' published in 1858, after the death both of the author and of Mr. Brown, Mr. Brown's name is placed as having made additions to it That Mr. Ikown suggested to Dr. Buckland numv of the remarks contained in the botanical portion of his Treatise, as well as of those con- tained in his previous papers on the Cycadoidea, in the BOTANICAL AND GEOLOGICAL. 719 ' Geological Society's Transactions/ there can be no doubt ; but the only "additions" indicated in the notes to this, the third edition, appear to be the following : Mr. Robert Brown has ascertained, by examination of a tmnk of Cycadites microphyllus, from Portland, the ex- istence of scalariform vessels without discs, in the mature trunk ; a point in which, he informs me, these fossils agree with the American portion of the order Ci/cadecs, though, in other respects, they bear a greater resemblance to the African and Australian species. Mr. Brown observes further, <'':it the order Cijcadece presents but one genus in America, lamely, the Zamin, on which this genus was originally founded, and to which it has been recently re- stricted ; and that the coincidence in the structure of the scalariform vessels in the trunk of this Zamia of the New \Vorld, with that of the fossil Cycaditcs of Europe, is very remarkable. Buckland's Bridyeioater Treatise, new edition, 1858, vc'. i, pp. 461, 402. Mr. Robert Brown has noticed in the cellular tissue of a silicified trunk of Cycadifes, portions of chalcedony bear- ing the form of extrava.sated gum witliin the trunks of recent Cycadea. He has also recognised spiral vessels in tlic laminated woody circle of a mature trunk of fossil Cycadifes, and also in the laminated circle within a silici- fied bud of the same, near its origin. Ibid., vol. ii, p. 102. Mr. [now Sir R. I. Murchison, in a paper on the " Fossils found at ningen," says — " Mr. R. Brown lias discovered that among these plants, one is almost indistinguishable in the leaf from tlio /leer villosum, a species of maple brought from Nepaul by Dr. Wallich." Geol Trans.. 2mrser., vol. iii, p. 287 (1835). Mr. Horner, in a note to his pa))er " On the Geology of the Environs of Bonn," snys — " I visited the lignite deposit at Friesdorf, in September, 1835, in cimipany with Mr. Robert Brown, when he col- lected several specimens of the vegetable remains. He in- 720 SHORT CONTRIBUTIONS TO VARIOUS WORKS, forms me that all the wood he found is coniferous. Trans., 2hd ser., vol. iv, p. 474 (1836). Geol. Mr. Charles Stokes in his " Notice respecting a piece of Recent Wood partly petrified by Carbonate of Lime" {Trans. Geol. Soc. of London, 2nd series, vol. v, p. 207, 1 840), acknowledges assistance obtained from Mr. Brown, and in a "Further Notice" appended to this paper (1. c, p. 213) he says — " Since I communicated to the Geological Society the preceding notice on the partly petrified wood from the ancient Roman aqueduct of Eilsen, in the principality of Lippe Buckeberg, Mr. Robert Brown has shown to me a specimen from the same piece of wood, which was presented to him at Tharand, in the month of October last, by M. Cotta of that place, who discovered the wood in the aque- duct, and remarked its peculiar condition. Mr. Brown has pointed out to me, in the longitudinal section, that the petrified portions, in his specimen, are about two inches in length, and in the middle part, nearly a quarter of an inch in diameter, and terminate in a point at each end. The petrified portions are, in these instances, completely enclosed within and surrounded !)y the unchanged wood. See pi. xvi, fig. 3." " Mr. Brown has observed another remarkable circum- stance in the condition of these petrified portions. The change of the longitudinal fibres appears to be complete, but the medullary rays, of which the ends are seen in this section arc still in their ligneous state, as shown in the mag- nified engraving, pi. xvi, fig. 4." Pr. Fitton, in his paper " On the Strata below the Chalk," says — " From the evidence afforded by thin transparent slices, both of the transverse and longitudinal sections which have been examined under the microscope by Mr. Brown, the fossil trunks of Portland are found to possess the characters uniformly Ixlonging to coniferous wood ; but it must be ol)servcd that these characters arc not absolutely confined BOTANICAL AND GEOLOGICAL. 721 to Coniferse." GeoL Trans., 3nd series, vol. iv, p. 222 (1886). " A point which Mr. Brown considers as well deserving of remark is, that the only remains of vegetables hitherto found in these strata, under the circumstances above de- scribed, belong to two nearly related families, Coniferai and Cycadeae, which have lately been regarded as forming a distinct class, characterised not only by greater simplicity of the parts of fructification, but also by some peculiarities of the internal structure, and thence have been considered as intermediate between Phaenogamous and Cryptogamous or Acotyledonous plants." Ibid. p. 223. " A cone has recently been found on the shore of the Isle of Portland, not improbably derived from one of the beds of clay, or 'Dirt,' subordinate to the lower part of the Portland strata, the structure of which, according to Mr. Brown, approaches in some respects to that of Araucaria. I am indebted to the kindness of the Rev. David Williams, of Cross, near Bleadon, in Somersetshire, to whom it bjlongs, for an opportunity of submitting this beautiful spe- cimen to the examination of Mr. Brown, who will, I hope, describe its structure in the 'Transactions of the Linnean Society.* " Ibid. p. 349. Mr. [now Prof.] Morris, in his appendix to Mr. Prest- wich's memoir "On the Geology of Coalbrook Dale," under the description of pi. xxxviii, says — " Stigmaria ficoides. In the 'Fossil Plora,* t. 31 — 36, are figures and descriptions of Stic/maria ficoides, and at t. 156 is shown the structure of the same; and although we cannot add much new information to that previously given by Prof. Lindley, it has been thought advisable to have another section represented, with a view of showing what has hitherto not been well illustrated in the published figures of its structure. The internal cylinder in the spe- cimen (fig. 3) is eccentric, and consists of wedge-like por- tions of vascular tissue, the rounded origin of which, inter- nally, is well defined ; these wedges are generally of equal or nearly equal size, but they occasionally become confluent 46 722 SHORT CONTRIBUTIONS TO VARIOUS WORKS, I by the joining of two or more of them together. The form of the space necessarily left, or interstices between the sec- tions where these are distinct, varies a little ; in some cases being of nearly equal breadth throughout, and in others becoming narrower outwards, and appearing to terminate or contract about the middle of the vascular tissue, beyond which they again frequently widen outwards : these spaces often contain portions of oblique and smaller vascular cords, apparently arising at different depths in the vascular cylinder; the origin and connection of which with the cylinder is shown in the oblique section, where a single series of vessels is seen passing from it, surrounded by tissue of smaller diameter. PI. xxxviii, fig. 3 a." "In no specimen yet examined has the course of the oblique cords been absolutely ascertained, but there can scarcely be any doubt, as suggested by Mr. Brown (to whom we are also indebted for the above observations), that those vessels after arising from the cylinder passed to the tubercles of the surface, through the thick cellular tissue which once probably occupied the larger space in the original plant. The discovery of these smaller oblique vessels is an interesting feature in the anatomy of Stig- maria ; and they have also been pointed out by Mr. Brown as existing in Anabathra, and one of these is actually figured by Mr. Witham, in his work, ('On the Internal Structure of Fossil Vegetablfes,' 2nd edit., t. 8, f. 12), but considered by him (p. 41) as a section of a medullary ray. The analogous vessels existing in Lepidodendron Harcourtii, as figured by Mr. Witham (' Trans, of the Nat. Hist. Soc. of Newcastle, 1832'), appear to arise from the outer part of the vascular cylinder. A somewhat similar arrangement is also found in that division of Lycopodiacea, consisting of Psilotum and Tmesipteria : in those genera the vascular cylinder, from which the oblique cords proceed, includes a central pith ( Brongniart, * Hist, des V^get. Foss.,' torn, ii, pp. 44, 45). " Fig. 3 b. Shows that the vessels are much smaller at the internal rounded portions of the wedges. "Fig. 3 c. Exhibits the oblique cords, consisting of BOTANICAL AND GEOLOGICAL. 723 smalor vessels surrounding vessels of a larger diameter nearly equal to those forming the vertical tissue. "Fig. 'da. Is an oblique section, which exhibits the connection of these vascular cords with the vertical tissue." 2Van8. Geol. Soc, 2nd ser. vol. v (1840). Petrophiloides. " Upon showing the fossil cones to Dr. R. Brown, he very kindly pointed out to me the affinity existing between them and the genera Petrophila and Leucadendron, and particularly with one species of the former genus — Petro- phila diversifolia — described in his ' Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae,' page 365." Dr. Bowerbank's ' History of the Fossil Fruits and Cones of the London Clay* page 43 (1840). ", of Mr. [now Sir] C. Lyell, in a paper 'On the Boulder Formation and Freshwater Deposits of Eastern Norfolk/ says — " Among the vegetable fossils the most common and best preserved are the seed-vessels of an aquatic plant which Mr. R. Brown refers to Ceratophyllum demersum, English Botany, 947." — London and Edin. Phil. May., vol. 16, p. 355 (1840). Lieut. Newbould savs that Mr. R. Brown determined the specimens of fossil wood brought by him from Egypt " to be dicotyledonous, and not coniferous." — Geol. Proc. iii, p. 787. {Bead Jan. 29, 1842.) Dr. Mantell, in a paper * On Fruits from the Cre- taceous Rocks,' says, under CarpolHhes Smithiee — "I am indebted to Dr. Robert Brown for the careful examination of this fossil, and he informed me that he knew of no fruit to which it bore any near affinity, but 724 SHORT CONTRIBUTIONS TO VARIOUS WORKS, suggested that the originnl was probably a succulent com- pound berry, the seeds appearing to have been imbedded iu a pulpy substance, like the fruit of a mulberry, which is a spurious compound berry, formed by a partial union of the enlarged and fleshy calyces, each enclosing a dry membranous pericarp. — Quart. Journ. GeoL Soc, vol. ii, p. 54 (184G). The President exhibited portions of trunks of Winter's- bark trees from the Straits of Magellan, cut down in 1826 by Capt. P. p. King, R.N., offering inscriptions made through the bark by a midshipman who accompanied the Spanish expedition under Captain Cordoba in 1786, and by one of the companions of Captain Bougainville in 1767 ; the annual rings in the former case distinctly corresponding with the interval between 1786 and 1826. He also made some observations on the structure of the woody vessels of the genus. — Proc. Linn. Soc, ii, p. 95 (June 18, 1850). The President exhibited specimens of stems of Kingia australis, R. Br., and Xanthorrlioea arborea, R. Br., together with drawings of the former illustrative of its structure, especially of the siliceous covering of the vascular fasciculi of the persistent bases of the leaves ; and in both genera, the means by which the stems are protected from the scorch- ing fires of the natives. — Proc. Linn. Soc, ii, p. 113 — 4 (Feb. 4, 1851). The President exhibited specimens of the three known species of Babesia {B. Jrnoldi, R. Patma, and B. Cum- ingiiy particularly with the view of showing that they are all three dioecious. — Proc. Linn. Soc, ii, p. 128 (April 15, 1851). ft The President exhibited numerous specimens of recent and fossil Cycadea. Among these was a fine specimen of a new species {Cycadites Saxbyanus, R. Br.) found in the Isle of Wight by Mr. Saxby, of Bonchurch. The President remarked, that all the specimens of Cycadites hitherto found BOTANlCAli AND (JEOLOGICAL. 725 in tlie Isle of Wight agreed in having an eUiptical outline, unaccompanied with any incquahty in the woody ellipsis, and also in having a bud in the axilla of each leaf; in these respects dittering from the Cycad'ites of the Isle of Portland, and from all the recent species of Cycadece- with which we are acquainted, which have a circular outline and only scattered buds. — Froc.Linn. Soc, ii, p. 130 (May 6,1851). Inuarvillka. Having, in examining the Himalayan species of Incar- villea, observed some appearances not mentioned in, or at variance with, the descriptions of that genus by Jussieu and Lamarck, I was induced to ask the opinion of the highest authority on the subject, and Mr. Brown has been good enough to favour me with his opinion that the Hima- layan species are too closely allied to be separated into a genus distinct from the Chinese Tncnrvillea, but are yet sufficiently distinguished to constitute a sub-genus. He has been good enough to enrich my work with the cha- racter of this, and an amendment of the genus Incarvillea. Incauvillea. Juss. Gen. 138. " Calyx 5-dentatus, nunc 10-dentatus, [dentibus] alternis (accessoriis) membranaceis. Corolla fauce ventricosa ; limbo 5-lobo inaequali. Stamina antherifera quatuor, didynama, inclusa. Antherce lobis distinctis apice convergentibus, singulis infra apicem processu subulato munitis ! Stigma bilamellosum. Capsula siliquseformis, bilocularis, bivalvis ; septo contrario libero intra marginera seminifero. Semina suspensa (v. membranaceo-marginata v. comosa), radicula supera. "Herbae alternifoliae foliis pinnatis bipinnatifidisve; racemi terminalis longi pedicellis tribracteatis. Rudimentum fila- ment! quinti (primum hi Amphicome detectum aD. Royle). Genus Bignoniaceis adjiciendum, in sectione tamen propria ob habitura et semina pendula^ radicula supera (v. Prodr. m 726 SHORT CONTHIBUTIONS TO VARIOUS WORKS, Flor. Nov.-IIoll. 1, p. 471) locandum et in duo subgetiuni divideiidum. Horum alterum Incarvillea J«**. Chinensc, distinguitur, foliis bipinnutitidis ; calyce, pricter iiormalcs, dentibus 5 accessoriis sinuuin loco mcinbranaceis etuargi- natis ; seuiinibus obovatis margine lato inembranaceo indi- viso cinctis. "Alterum, AiMPiiicoME (Cyrtaiidraceis (juodaiuiiiodo accedens) ex Indise septentrionalis niontibus : foliis piniiatis foliolis iucisis ; calyce 5-dentato sinubus simplicibus ; seini- iiibus fere subulatis utrinque acutis, basi et apice iiiembrana capiilaceo-lacera comosis-" Illustrations of the Botany of the Himalayan Mountainf<, by J. Forbes Royle, M.D. Pp. 295, 29G. London, 1831). Hedychium. Sect. D. Brac/i>'fhilum, Brown MSS. Lahellum naiiuni, retusum, sessile. IStiyma bilabiatuni, labio inferiore triplo longiore. //. {Brachychilum) Horsfeldii, Brown MSS. ; glabrun), foliis lanceolatis acuniinatis, spica luxiuscula, bracteis ovatis 2 — 3-floris, tubo gracili, limbi interioris laciniis late- ralibus ovalibus obtusiusculis exteriores lanceolatas acutas latitudine triplo excedentibus. P atria, Mons Prahn Javse, Horsfield in Herb Banks. I am indebted to my illustrious friend, Mr. Brown^ for the following details of the inflorescence of this most sin- gular plant, which I have copied from the original manu- script, lent to me on purpose, and which was written in 1815, when Dr. Horsfield sent the specimen from Java to the late Sir Joseph Banks. " Planta elegans, glabra, rhizomatosa, juxta specimen uni- cum in lierbario citato circiter bipedalis. Folia punctis lineolisque longitudinal ibus creberrimis notata. Calyx gleuduloso-punctatus, tubo tertia parte brevior, ore hinc fisso inde acervulo pubescentiae. " Limbi exterioris lacinice angusti-lauceolatae, concavius- BOTANICAL AM) GEOLOGICAL. 727 ciilse, acuttie, tiibo hrevlores, post cxpansionein reflcxae ; tertiu acumine l)rcvi sul)ulato ; interioria Incinite lateralm ovules, obtusiusculoE, loiigitudiuc limbi extcrioris, ejusdem laciniis diiplo et ultra latiorcs, punctis minutis glandulosis creberriniis i itructi^, imipcrse vonosse. Labellum niinu- tum, vix octavaiii partem longitudinis lateraliura ciiietiens, latins quam louguin, retusum, punctatum. Filatnentum intra laciniam acuniinatani liiubi exterioris insertum, cum basi labelli oppositi quasi continuum, breve, lineare, concaviusculum. Anthera lato-linearis, apice nuda, basi semibifida. Stigma bilabiatuin, liispidum, labiis ciliatis, inferiore triplo longiore subovato." Wallicli, "Attempt to define the Species ol Hedgchium," in ' Kew Journal of Botany' vol. v, p. 370-7 (1853). Al A( Al A A A A A INDEX OF SUBJECTS •n V O L 1 1. Abfl, Clarke, characters and descrip- tions of three new species of plants found in China by, 319—328; notice of his collection, 326 Acicarpha, observations on the genus, with description of a new species, 807 — 309 ; proposed as the type of a new family, 309; further uoser- vations on, 312—318 Actinophora, affinities of the genus, 640 Albumen, its origin, 23; occasional existence in Proteaceo;, ibid. ; and in Cyrtandracese, 687 ; its import- ance, 587 note; in Stcrculiacese, 623 Allium dcscendens, exceptional order of expansion of the flowers of, 280 Anadenia, exceptional order of expan- sion of the flowers of certain species of, 280 Angianthus, synonymy of the genus, 283 Antherse, their examination at an early period universally neglected, 6 ; great advantage ot this exami- nation, ibid. ; their structure in Orchideae and Asclcpiaden;, ibid. ; views of Linnaeus, Jussieu, and Richard on this subject in Ascle- piadeae, ibid.; views of Jacauin, Koelreuter, Rottboell, Cavanilles, 8mith, and Desfontaines, 7 ; views of the author, 7, 8 ; and in Or- chideae, 9 ; development of in Ascle- piadeae, 197, 198; arrangement of m Sterculiaceae, 623 Antennaria, bi&tory and characters of the genus, 300—302 Apocineae, difficulty of circumscribing the order, 195 ; subdivision of it, ibid. ; characters and descriptions of the genera, and species of the section of the order "seminibus comosis," 232—247 Ascidia of Cephulotus and otiier pitcher-plants, observations on the, 357 Asclepiadeac, views of various authors as to the structure of the Antherte in, 6 — 8 ; exanunation of, 8 ; me- moir on the order, 193, &c. ; cha- racters and descriptions of the order, genera, and species, 200—231 ; ob- servations on the flower in its earlier stages, 196—198 Asphodeleae, order of reduction of stamina in, 278 Baccharis, history and characters of the genus, 293-4 Banks, Sir Joseph, his invaluable herbarium and library, 31, 199; important results of his voyage, 163 Begonia, order of expansion of flowers, and position of female flowers in, 279 tiote fiennettia, observations on the struc- ture and affinities of the genus, 663, 664 ; characters of the species of, 665 Bentham's Flora Australiensis, names of plant!) quoted in, from Mr. Brown's herbarium, 708—711 Bocronia, reductions of pistillum in, 272 Boopidese, proposed as a family, by M. I • f 1 730 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Cassiui, 312 ; observations on, 312 — 318 ; position of ovuiurn and radicle in, 313; other distinctive characters of the family, 314, &c. ' Botanical Magazine,' contributions to, 667, &c. ' Botanical liegister/ contributions to, 681, &c. Bowerbauk, Dr., notice of a fossil cone referred to Petrophila, in his ' History of tht Fossil Fruits of the London Clay,' 723 Brunonia, its relations to Goodenovise and Composittc, 267 note ; observa- tions on its affinities, 310, 311 ; nervures of its corolla, 310 ; struc- ture of its ovarium, 311 ; structure of the indusium of its stigma, 312 Buckland, contributions to liis papers on Cycadites, and to liis 'Bridg- water Treatise,' 716— 719 Buitneriacese, gradually pass into Tiliaccee, 616 Buxbaumia, observations on the genus, 349—351 Buxbaumia aphylla, nature of its peris- tomium, 350, 351; inuer|memDraue of its capsule, 351 ; furnished with perfect leaves, ibid Ciesulia, nature of capitulumof, 275-6 Galea, history, synonymy, and sub- division of the genus, 287 — 307 Calycerese, proposed as a new family, 309 ; further observations on, 312 — 318 : the name superseded by that of Boopideae, 313 . Galytrix, observations on the genus and on the species composing it, 684 Galyx and adheiiug tube of corolla, separability of, in some species of Goodenia, 267 note CampanulaceaB, SBstivatiou of corolla in, 269 note Capitulum of compositse, order of expansion of florets in tiie, 273-7 Caprifoliaceae, limitation of the family, with observations ou tiie genera composing it, 324; further obser- vations on the genera, 673 Cardiopteris, observations on the structure and affinities of the genus, 657— C59 Cassiuia, characters of the genus, with a synopsis of the species, 304 — 306 Catesbaea, arrangement of the nerves of the corolla in, 268 Ceitis, order of expansion of flowers, and position of female flowers in, 279 Cephalotea;, establishment of the family, 357 Cephalolus, remarks ou the structure and affinities of, 353 — 359 ; account of the ripe fruit of, 356; entitled to rank as a distinct family, 357 ; nature of its ascidia, ibid. Cestrum, arrangement of nerves in the corolla of, 267 Chalaza, manifest in the seeds of all FroteaccK, 22, 23 ; its nature and function, 23 China, characters and descriptions of three new species of plants found in, 319—328 Cleome, species quse in horto Keweusi coluutur, 413 — 415 Conipositi£, observations on the na- tural family of plants called, 267 — 318 : object of the memoir, 259 ; arrangement of nerves in the corolla of, 260—268 ; claim of M. Cassini to priority in re- f;ard to iV . arrangement, 261 ; re- uted, 261-2; observations of Grew, Van Berk hey, Schmidel, Batsoh, Schkuhr, Mirbel, and Cassini, 262 — 264; remarks on M. Cassiui's btutement, 264 — 267 ; nerves in the corolla of Goodenovice, 266 ; in Ernodea, Datura and Cestrum, 267 ; estivation of the corolla, 268-9 ; exceptions to in Chuquiraga and Corymbium, 269 ; form of pollen, 269-70 ; disposition of the stigmata, 270 ; structure of ovarium, 270-72 ; inflorescence and order of expansion of the florets, 272—281 ; on what dependent, 276 : genera et species quasdam quse in horto Kewensi coluutur, 459 — 470 Craspedia, history and synonymy of the genus, 285 Cruciferae, type of pistillum, and of obliterations in, 272 ; genera et species cruciferarum quae in horto Kewensi coluntur, 367 — 413 Cycadites, observations on the struc- INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 731 ture of, 716-7iU; Saxbyauus, account of, 72t CjrtaudracesB, observations on, and monograph of the order, 58 1 — 610 ; history of the order, 581 — 58u ; affinity of, 380—588; relation of stigmata and placentsp in, 380 Cyrtaudrea), modifications of the dif- ferent parts of fructification in, 590- 59i Datu.a, arrangement of nerves in tiie corolla of, 207 Dawsonia, nature pnd origin of its pcristoinium and coluniell?., 331-2 DecandoUe's ' SystemaVegetabilium,' names, &c., of plants contributed by Mr. Brown to, 703 ; ' Prodro- mus,' iiani( 8, &c., of plants, contri- buted to, 705 Dipsaceae, inflorescence of, and order of expansion of flowers in, 277-8 ; position of ovarium in, 311-5 Dryander, advice and assistance de- rived from him, 31 Dryandra, observations on the genus, 179 Echinops, nature of capitulum, '27-i-5 Embryo, direction of, iu the Stercu- liacese, 621-2 Ernodea, arrangement of nerves iu the corolla of, 267 Euphorbia, its inflorescence, 279 and note, 280 ; relative position of sexes iu, 280 Ferns, number of species known to Linnajus, 251; to VVilldenow, ibid. ; known in, 183S, 565 ; vasa sculu- riformia, their arrangen\ent in, 504 ; ramification of veins, and relation of veins to sori in, 665 — 570; seeds of, useful in distinguishing genera, 270 Eitton, Dr., notice of fossil Coniferaj and Cycadeae in his paper • On the Strata below the Chalk,' 720-1 Franklin, extracts from the botanical appendix to his 'Narrative of a Journey to the Short s of the Polar Sea," and addenda, 511—527 Fruit of ProteaccK, its nature, 21, '22 ; its varieties in the order, 22 Globularia cordifulia, ai'raugcmeut of the nerves of the corolla in 315-0 Goodenia, separability of calyx and of adhering tul)c of the corolla iu some species of, 267 Goodenovia*, arrangement of nerves iu the corolla of, 260 ; its analogy to that of Compositce, 267 noie ; aesti- vation of corolla in, 269 note: type of pistillum and reductions of, 272 ; structure of the indusium of its stigma, 312 Gramincae, nature of inflorescence of, 276-7 ; order of expansion of flowers in, 277 ; compohitiou of inner valve of the flower in, 571-2 Grevillca, exceptional order of expan- sion of the flowers in certain species of, 280 Grindelia, iiistory, characters, and ex- tent of the genus, 282-3 Gymnostomum, structure of various species referred to the genus, 343 — 5 ; great diversity in these species, ibid. Iledychiuni, account of a new sub- genus and species of, 725-6 llernaudiaceee, observations on the family, 651 Iloriier, Mr. Leonard, note on ccni- ferous wood iu his paper on the ' Geology of Bonn,' 719 Uorsficid, extracts from his ' Plantae Juvanico: llariores,' 557, &c. liortus Kewensis, extracts from the second edition of, 367 — 510 Humboldt, his observations on a re- markable difference in the distribu- tion of the species of plants, 12 Ilymenostomum, establishment of the genus, 342 Incarvillea, observations on the genus, 725 Indian plants, names of and notes on, extracted from Ur. Wallieh's ' List,' 529 — 538 ; notes and observations on, extracted from Dr. Wallieh's ' Plantuj AsiaticiB llariorcs,' 539 — 556 Inflorescence, types of, and order of expansion of flowers, 272 — 281 ; in Compositae, ibid. ; in Umbelli- ferae, 273 note; in Gramineae, 276-7; ■!•• % 732 INDKX OF SUBJECTS. in Dipsaccoc, 277-8 j in B opidese, 316 lodes, affinities of the genus, 651-2 Jacaranda, observations on tbe genus and on its species, 670-1 Junceae, order of reduction of sta- mina in, 278 ICiugia Australis, notice of the struc- ture of its stem, 721 Lagasca, nature of capitulum of, 374-5 Lambertia, inflorescence of, and order of reduction of tbe flowers of, 280-1 Leguminosse, genera et species quae- dam quae in uorto Kewensi coiuntur, 417—447 Leo.ilopodium, establisbment of the genus, 302 Leptostomum, observations on the genus, 341 — 349 ; reasons for re- taining it, 342-3 Leucadendrou, reasons for differing from Salisbury on the application of the Linnean name, 29 — 31; history of the genus, ibid ; obser- vations on tbe separation of sexes in, 40-1 Liliaceae, order of reduction of stamina in, 178 Limnanthus, characters and descrip- tion of, 361-364 Limnantheee, establishment of the family, 363 ; characters, 364 Linnean System of Botany, advau- tsges derived from the, 5 Lobeliacete, aistivatiou of corolla in, 269 note Lyellia, characters and description of, a new genus of mosses, &c., 329 — 356 ; characters of the genus, 33:2 — 334 ; structure of its columella, and mode of dispersion of its seeds, 335 ; use of the pores at the base of its capsule, ibid. ; its position in the family, 336 Mantell, Dr., note on Carpolitbes Smithia;, in his paper on 'Fruits from the Cretaceous Rocks,' 723 Melampodium, history and synonymy of the genus, 284-5 Metalasia, establishment of the genus, 302 Meyera, history and synonymy of tiie genus, 283-4 Mirbel, names of species of Coniferm contributed to his ' Essai,' 706 Morris, Prof., notice of Sligmaria, in his paper ' On the Geoh)gy of Coal- brook Dale,' 721 -723 Mosses, necessity of additional sources of distinction hi the genera of, 345 ; nature of some of these sources, 346 Murchisou, Sir R. I., note on a fossil leaf, in his paper on (Eaingen fossils, 719 Myrtacea;, genera et species quuedam quic in liorto Kewensi coiuntur, 449—487 Nepenthes, its place in the natural series, 358 : distinctions between Cytinete and, ibid.; its spiral ves- sels, ibid. Newbould, Lieut., notice of fossil wood from Egypt, in his paper on the subject, 723 Nivenia, reasons for changing Salis- bury's generic name, 110 Orchidese, structure of anthera in, 6, 9 ; genera et species quae in horto Kewensi coiuntur, 471 — 499 Ovarium, utility of ascertaining its internal condition before foecunda- tion, 5 ; steadily kept in view by A. du Petit-Thouars, ibid. ; its im- portance in Proteacea;, 19, 20 ; its structure in Compositm, 270 Ovula, importance of their insertion as well as number, 20; insertion, direction, and relation to ovarium, 313 Ozothamnus, characters of and obser- vations on the genus, 303 — 304 Peristomium of mosses, observations on the, 346 — 349 ; of Buxbaumia, 350-1 Petit-Thouars, Aubert du, almost the only botanist who has steadily kept ill view the internal condition of the ovarium before foecundation, 5 Petropliila, observations on the sexes ill the genus, 55, 56 Pbytocreueae, characters of the family Pis INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 733 and of the genera composing it, 052-3 Pistillum of all Flifenogamous plants considered as I'ormed on the same plan, of which a polyspermous legu- men or folliculus, whose seeds arc disposed in a double series, may be taken as the type, 270 ; a circular series of these pistilladisposed round an imaginary axis, and whose num- ber corresponds with that of the parts of the calyx or corolla, enters into the autiior's notion of a flower complete in its parts, ibid. ; devia- tions from this type and number, how accounted for, ibid. ; the type and its reduction in the family of Proteaceai, 272 ; in Goodenovias, ibid. ; in Crucifera', ibid. ; order of development of stamina and pistilla, 281 Pittosporum revolutum, arrangement of nerves of the corolla in, 2C8 note Plantse Javaniese llariores, extracts from, 557, &c. Plantago, an exception to the ordinary rule of development of stamina and pistilla, 281 Podocarya, a fossil fruit referrible to Pandanese, observations on, 717-8 Pollen, importance of its figure in fixing our notions of the limits of genera, 19 ; form of, in Compositoe, 269-70 Polypodium, expediency of subdividing the genus, 253 ; divisions proposed, 565—570 Polytrichoidese, distinguishing charac- ters of the group, 336 — 3tl ; struc- ture of peristomium in, 340 Polytrichum, characters of the genus, 336; structure of the lamellae in, ibid. ; form and jiosition of male flowers in, 337 ; double calyptra of, ibid.; teeth of peristomium in, ibid. ; transverse membrane of tym- panum in, ibid. ; various forms of capsule in, 338 ; inner membrane of capsule in, ibid. ; inner peristo- mium of, 339 ; columella of, 339-10 : seeds of, 340. Portlandia, arrangement of the nerves of the corolla in, 2C8 Poterium, order of exjiansion of flowers and position of female flowers in its spike, 279 Protea, reasons for difffiring from Salis- bury in the application of the Lin- nean name, 24 — 29 ; history of the genus, 25 — 29 ProteacesB, on the natural oider of, 3 ; remarks on its geographical distri- bution, 9 ; almost entirely confined to the southern hemisphere, 9 ; occurs in the greatest abundance and variety in Southern Africa and New Holland, 10; its distribution in New Holland, 10 — 12; stations and elevations at which its species are found, 13 ; pubescence of, 14 ; disposition of, 14, 15 ; form and division of leaves, 15 ; inflorescence of, ibid.; calyx of, why so consi- dered, 15, 10; identity of calyx with the organ so called in Thy- meleiEjlO; bettercalled pcrianthium, or perigonium, ibid.; invariably divided into four leaves or segments, ibid. ; {estivation of, 10, 17 ; its colour useful in indicating genera, 17 ; scales surrounding the ovarium, their use, importance, and number, ibid. ; varieties in structure, or apparent origin of stamina, 17, 18 ; deviations from the usual structure of antherte in, IS ; figure of the pollen in, 19 ; its importance in fixing the limits of genera, ibid. ; internal structure of the ovarium of the greatest importance, 19, 20; number and insertion of ovula, 20 ; position of radicle, ibid. ; form of style, ibid. ; form and direction of stigma, 20, 21; nature of fruit, 21, 22 ; its varieties in the order, 22 ; chalaza always manifest, 22, 23 ; its nature and functions, 23 ; albumen, its origin, 23 ; occasional existence ia Proteacese, ibid. ; radi- cula always points towards the base of the fruit, 23, 24 ; plumula incon- spicuous in the whole order, 24; cotyledons, when more than two of little importance, 24; genera I'ormed before the publication of Salisbury's arrangement of the family, 24; reasons for difl'ering from Salisbury in the application of the Linneaa II 73 1 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. names Prot.ca and Leucadendron, 24 — 31 : characters and descrip- tions of the order, its genera and species, 32 — 192; type of tlie pistillum, and its reductions in, 272 Badicala, its direction in Proteacete uniformly pointing towards the base of the fruit, 20, 23, 24 ; relation of its direction to ovulum and to ovary, 313-4 Rafflesia, all the three known species shown to be dicecious, 724 Hestiacece, order of reduction of sta- mina in, 278 Richard, Achille, names of species of Hydrocotyle, contributed to his • Monographic,* 706 Richard, Louis Claude, names of species of Coniferte, contributed to his ' Commentatio,' 707 Richardson, Dr., extracts from his botanical appendix to the narrative of a journey to the shores of the Polar Sea, by Captain Franklin, and addenda, 511— -527 Rojrle, Dr., observations on Incar- villea, from his 'Botany of the HimaJayan Mountains,' 725 Rubiacese, difficulty of circumscribing the order, 195 ; sestivation of corolla in, 269 note Sabine, Joseph, contributions to his •Account of the Edible Fruits of Sierra Leone,' 715 Sarcostigma, affinities of the genus, 651-2 Scabiosa, inflorescence of certain spe- cies of, 278 ; order of expansion of flowers in, ibid. Seeds, non-existence of naked, 21 ; dispersion of, in Polytrichoidese, how secured, 335, 340-1 Sexes, in the separation of, in flowers, the female the more perfect, 279 ; and the earliest developed, ibid.; exceptions to, 279, 280 Solander, Dr., his description of Knightia given as a specimen of the accuracy with which he described specimens of natural history, 163 Soliva, history, claracters, and extent of tlie genus, 282 Spike, order of expansion of flowers in a simple and in a compound, 273 Spiral vessels of Nepenthes, 358-9 Stamina and pistilia, importance of attending to their state before the expansion of the flower, 5 : order of reduction of stamina in various families, 278 ; order of development of stamina and pistilia, 281 ; origin of glandular disk in various families from inperfect stamina, 317-8; ob- jections to this view, ibid. Sterculiacea;, history of the family, 613 — 621; observations on the relative importance of the difl'er- ent organs in the formation of genera in, 621—024; direction of embryo in, 621 : monograph of, 611 —644 Stigma, in Proteaceaj, its form and direction, 20, 21 ; in Asclepiadese, its development, 190 — 198 ; dispo- sition of stigmata in Compositse, 270 ; nature of the indusium in Brunonia and Goodenoviae, 312 Stokes, Mr. Charles, notice on partly petrified wood, in his paper on the subject, 720 Style, its utility in the generic cha- racters of Proteacese, 20 ; cohe- rence of its base with the apex of the tube of the calyx in Boopi- dese, 315 Stylidece, position of stamina in, 312 Tiliacesc, gradually pass into Butt- tieriaceee, 646 Traill, contributions to his 'Account of the ^enus Hoya,' 715-6 Tridax, history of the genus, 283 UmbellifersB, surface of the pericar- pium in, 267 nole; order of^ expan- sion of flowers in, 273 no(g Vestia referred to Solanetc, 683 Wallich, D.„ rtiKr-ir.t of a new sub- gep'ii and spwie", of Hedychium, INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 735 from his monograph of the genus, 725-6 Winter's bark, notice of trunks of, containing inscriptions, and of tint structure of their woody vessels, 724 Woodsia, a new genus of ferns, obser- vations on, 249 — 255 ; singularity of structure of its involucrum, 253-3; characters of the genus and its spe- cies, 253-4 Xanthorrhcea arborea, notice of the structure of its stem, 724 Zuccarini, notice of the genus Mayna and its aflBnities, in his 'PlantsB minus Cognitse,' 71fi I J A TT*">. 7; NATI ^ T ,' T O ^^UM .f:T? n ^?.?^l^:> \ n 111 I lis ' f) i^i Ah Ab Ab Al Ac INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS TO BOTH VOLUMES. Abelia, i, 44S ; ii, 324, 541, 673 Cliinensis, ii, 325, 541 triflora, ii, 531, 541 uniflora, ii, 542 Abeltnosclius, ii, 546 Abroma, i, 11 ; ii, 509 augusta, ii, 509 fastuosa, ii, 509, 510 Wheleri, ii, 509 Abrus precatorius, i. 111, 165, 168 Acacia, i, 23, 62, 64, 110, 339 ; ii, 445 acicularis, ii, 445 alata, ii, 446 armata, ii, 416 biflora, ii, 446 ciliata, ii, 447 lieoipieus, ii, 446 fasciculata, i, 95 laeta, i, 95 margiuata, ii, 446 melanoxylon, ii, 445 nigricans, ii, 447 uilotica, i, 288 pubcscens, ii, 447 i)ulcliella, ii, 446 JophoriB, ii, 445 sulcata, ii, 445 Acaciee, i, 311 Acanthaceffi, i, 1 34, 380 Acantlius tetragonus, i, 94 Acer villosum, li, 719 Aceras, ii, 475 anthropophora, ii, 475 Achenopsis, ii, 684 Achyranthus papposa, ii, 543 Acicarpha, ii, 309, 312 lanata, ii, 309 spatiiulata, ii, 307 tribuloides, ii, 309, 312 Acioa, i, 115 Acoruin maritimum, ii, 536 Acrostichum, ii, 250 alcicorue, i, 147, 165 alpinum, ii, 254 aureum, i, 147, 165, 169 calomelanoa, i, 473 liyperboreum, ii, 254 ilvense, ii, 254 Stemaria, i, 147, 1 65 vcUeum, i, 303 Actinopiiora, ii, 645 fragrans, ii, 645 Actiaotus, i, 29 Aduiisonia, i, 153 digitata, i, 288 Adelanthus, ii, 652 Adelioides decumbens, ii, 708 Adcnutitbera, i, 22 Adeuanthos, ii, 16, 20, 21, 36, 125 cuneatn, ii, 125 obovata, ii, 125 sericea, ii, 125 tcrmiualis, ii, 125 Adenophorus, ii, 566 Adiantuni, i, 146 Africanum, i, 148 note capillus-veneiis, i, 148 note tenerum, i, 148 note truucatum, i, 83 ; ii, 446 vEgiceras, i, 150 note, 364, 3S() iKgopricon, i, 127 TErides, ii, 492 odoratum, ii, 492 paniculatum, ii, 689 iEschynantlius, ii, 585, 590, 694, 590 acuminata, ii, 597 bracteata, li, 597 fulgens, ii, 506 GiiflBthii, ii,596 Horsfieldii, ii, 597 iEschynanthus longicaulis, ii, 507 47 738 INDEX OP NAMES OF PLANTS. I: h vEscliynanthus parasitica, ii, 500 parvifolia, ii, 696 radicans, ii, 696, 597 ramosissitna, ii, 696 Tolubilis, ii, 396 Wallichii, ii, 597 iHschynomene, ii, 444 Americana, ii, 444 atpera, ii, 444 bispinosa, ii, 444 hispida, ii, 444 indica, ii, 445 sensitiva, ii, 444 /Etiieilema, i, IIH iVitliionema, i, 271 ; ii, 376 mouoapermum, ii, 376 saxatilo, ii, H70 Agalniyla, ii, 593, 504, 597 staminea, ii, 598 Agnricus aineus, i, 70 campestris, i, 70 muscarius, i, 70 Agnstachys, ii, 17, 37, 132 odoratn, ii, 132 Agathis, i, 47, 458, 461 Agaty, ii, 443 Ageratum conyzoidcs, i, 165, 167 Agoul, i, 295 Agrostis, i, 221 algida, i, 177 laxiflora, ii, 514 paradoxa, i, 177, 222 virginica, i, 683 164, 166 Aikinia, ii, 581, 606 Brunonis, ii, 554 Horsfieldii, ii, 556 Aira, i, 232 aquatica, ii, 514 spicata, i, 231 siibspicata, i, 231 ; ii, 514 Akee, i, 161 Alchornea, i, 127, 164 Alcina, ii, 285 Aifonzia oleifera, i, 141 Alhagi Maurorutn, i, 295 Alisma Piantago, i, 68 AUamanda, i, 532 Allium, ii, 550 descendens, ii, 250 Allmania aibida, ii, 534 esculenta, ii, 534 nodiflora, ii, 534 Aloe, i, 64 Alopecurus, i, 55 alpinus, i, 67, 177, 219; ii, 514 Alopecurus antarcticus, i, 219 aristulatus, ii, 514 ovatus, i, 219 pratensia, i, 219 Alsinc rubella, i, 199 stricta, i, 201 Alsodcia, i, 123 AlsoditKC, i, 123 Alstonia, ii, 233, 245 costata, ii, 246 sclioiaris, ii, 245 spcctabilis, ii, 246 venenata, ii, 246 AlysHiim, i, 266, 267 no/r, 271 ; ii, 386 alpcstre, ii, 387 Bustriacum, ii, 386 calycinum, i, 267 note; ii, 387 campcatre, i, 267 mie ; ii, 3H7 cly pent urn, ii, 389 dcltoideum, ii, 389 dcnsiflorum, i, 267 iio/e Dioscoridia, ii, 389 fulvescena, i, 267 note halimifolium, ii, 388 hirsutum, i, 267 noie incanum, ii, 389 lunarioides, ii, 388 maritimum, i, 266 ; ii, 388 micropetalum, i, 267 note minimum, i, 2i37 tiole ; ii, 388 montanum, ii, 387 mutabile, ii, 389 rostratum, i, 267 note sativum, ii, 386 saxalile, ii, 387 sinuatum, ii, 390 spinosum, ii, 388 strictum, i, 267 note strigosum, i, 267 no(e umbellatum, i, 267 »ote utriculatum, ii, 389 Alyssinese, i, 263 Alyxia, i, 37 Amaranthacese, i, 36 ; ii, 543, 545 Amaryllidese, i, 51 Amaryllis, i, 364 Ambora, i, 25 Ambun Ambun, i, 393 Ambrosia, i, 31 Amellus, ii, 295, 296 Ammaunia, ii, 535 triflora, ii, 710 Ammobium, ii, 676 alatum, ii, 677 INDEX OF NAMES OP PLANTS. 73a Amomnm grannm Faradisi, i, 1S5 Ampclopsis, i, 151 Amphicome, ii, 688, 725 AmygdiUcic, i, 115 Amyridesp, i, 112 Amyris Gileadensis, i, 'Jl Katuf, i, 94 Aniibatlira, ii, 722 AnacardooB, i, 112 Anacardium, i, i'i, 112 Anadenia, ii, 37, 130, 280 illicifolia, ii, 140 pulcliella, ii, MO triOda, ii, 140 Anngallis, i, 297 cscrulea, i, 297 Anagyris, ii, 421 'f(Etida, i, 25; ii, 131 Aiiiibser, i, 37, 132 Anaslutif'fl, ii, 370 l;;erocliiiijiioa. ii, 37r) Syriatfl, ii, :^71 Annliusa afniiis, i, 94 Aiicislforiirpws, i, 139 /luie Andromeda tetfMgonn. i, 177, 2J3 Aiidropogou, i, 55, 5/, 14^ acicularis, i, 302 Angianthus, ii, 283 tomentosus, ii, 283 Angophora, i, 311 Angrsecum, ii, 089, 094 Auictaiigium aquaticum, ii, 335 ciiiatum, i, 69 Humboldtii, ii, 335 pulvinalum, ii, 344 Anisomeles, i, 380 ; ii, 503 malabarica, ii, 670 ovata, ii, 503 Anisophyllsea, ii, 715 Anodoutium, i, 348 Anona, i, 16-4 Asiatica, i, 105 liexapetala, ii, 085 niicrocarpa, i, 102 no/e mucosa, i, 105 muricata, i, 105 myristica, i, 162 nofe obt.usiflora, i, 105 Senegalensis, i, 105, 153, 155 uncinata, ii, 685 Anonacese, i, 37, 74, 105, 382; ii, 685 Anopterus, ii, 523 Anteunaria, ii, 301 alpina, i, 212 Antliemis apiifolis, ii, 600 odorata, ii, 466 Anthcnantia, i, 57 Anthericura, i, 50 cirratum, ii, 676 iatirolium, ii, 676 Antherylium, i, 120 Aiilhistiria, i, 57 australis, i, 43, 308, 309 Antliobolus, i, 42 Anthoccros punctatus, i, 69 Anthoclcista, i, 133, 153 Antiiospcrmum, i, 131 Antlioxantlium, i, 231 ; ii, 571 Aiitinris, i, 78 inacroplijlla, i, 78 toxicaria, i, 79 /)nti(iapiine, i, 413 i/o/e Aniidosma, i, 155 ; ii, 003 Aiitidfsmc.'c, ii, 063 Antirrhinum majus, i, 479 Arilonia, ii, 577 Aotiis, ii, 430 fi'tfu^nta, ii, 430 villosa, ii, 430 Aplianes arvensis. i, 68 Aphelandra, ii, 505 cristalfl, ;i, 605 Aphyteia, i, 38H, mi, 396, 401, 461 Ilydnora, i, 416 nnilUccps, i, 429 Aplodon, i, 210, 247 Apocinea;, i, 36, 37, 131, 133, 151, 295,469; ii, 6, 22, 195,551 Apocinum, ii, 233, 239 androssemifoiium, ii, 239 cannabinuni, ii, 240 cordatum, ii, 229 friilesceus, ii, 236 hastatum, ii, 227 liypcricifolium, ii, 240 lauccolatum, ii, 229 lineare, ii, 228 luinutum, ii, 227 pubescens, ii, 240 Sibiricum, ii, 240 triflorum, ii, 228 Venetum, ii, 240 Apodantlieee, i, 429 Apodanthes, i, 424, 430 Berterii, i, 430 Blanchetii, i, 130 Calliandra, i, 431 Caseariae, i, 430 Apostasia, i, 503, 500 ; ii, 517 If ^JbH 740 INDEX OF NAMES OF PUANTS, III Apostasia nnda, ii, 548, 551 odorata, ii, 547, 551 Wallichii, ii, 548, 551 Appcndicula, ii, 575 Aquilaria, i, 120 Aquilarintc, i, 120 Aquilcgia, ii, 31S Aquilicia, i, 151 Arabia, i, 195, 271 ; ii, H95 alpina, ii, 395 arenosa, ii, 396 bellidirolia, ii, 395 cosrulea, ii, 395 Canadensis, i, 268 ; ii, 397 ciliata, ii, 396 falcata, ii, 397 liirsuta, ii, 397 Lispida, ii, 396 nudicaulis, i, 197 nutans, ii, 395 pendula, i, 268 ; ii, 397 putniia, ii, 395 stricta, ii, 396 tliaiiana, ii, 396 turrita, i, 268 ; ii, 397 verna, ii, 395 Arachis, i, 34 hypoga;a, i, 154, 159 Araliacese, ii, 322 Aralia;, i, 29 Araucaria, i, 456 excelsa, i, 48, 64; ii, 721 Arbor radulifera, i, 72 Arctotheca, ii, 465 rcpens, ii, 465 Arctotis, ii, 298, 467 acaulis, ii, 467 angustifolia, ii, 468 argentea, ii, 468 aspcra, ii, 469 auriculata, ii, 469 calendulacea, ii, 465 crithmoides, ii, 466 decumbens, ii, 468 decurrens, ii, 468 dentata, ii, 466 fastuosa, ii, 469 flaccida, ii, 468 glaucopliylla, ii, 407 grandiflora, ii, 407 bypocliondriaca, ii, 465 paleacea, ii, 466 paradoxa, ii, 466 plautaginea, ii, 46S repens, ii, 405 Arctotis reptans, ii, 469 rosea, ii, 468 scariosa, ii, 466 Bpinulosa, ii, 469 trkolor, ii, 467 undulata, ii, 467 Ardisia, i, 160 note Areca, i, 61 Arenaria marina, i, 66, 08, 310 quadrivalvis, i, 199 Rossii, i, 200 Arethusa, i, 607, 638 ; ii, 486 bulbosa, ii, 487 divaricata, ii, 485 Aristida ramosa, i, 93 Aristolochia, i, 384; ii, 358, Mi cordiflora, i, 385 grandiflora, i, 385 Arnica angustirolia, i, 210 fulgens, i, 211 montana, i, 210 plantaginca, i, 211 Aroideee, i, 169, 298, 365, 381, 383 Arrbenatlierum, i, 232 Artabotrys, ii, 685 odoratissinius, ii, 685 Artbrociiloa, i, 232 Arthropodium eirratum, ii, 676 paniculatum, ii, 676 Artooarpete, i, 138 Arundo, i, 58 Canadensis, ii, 614 Phragmites, i, 43, 58, 68, 301 stricta, ii, 514 Asarinas, i, 384, 385, 392, 396, 401 ; ii, 358 Asclepiadea;, i, 36, 37, 133, 134, 295, 466, 487, 513, 516, 545, 549 ; ii, 6, 195, 551 Asclepias, ii, 6, 216 amoena, i, 524; ii, 216 aphylla, ii, 226 arborescens, ii, 217 carnosa, ii, 209 citrifolia, ii, 216 cordata, ii, 326 crispa, ii, 217 curassavica, i, 519, 534; ii, 216 Davurica, ii, 223 decumbens, ii, 216 elevata, ii, 216 fruticosa, ii, 217 gigantea, ii, 218 grandiflora, ii, 217 mcarnata, ii, 216 I INDEX or NAMES OK IM.ANTS. ni AisclcpiaH lacitfcra, ii, i\'.\ limiflora, i, IM ; ii, 21s liitaria, ii, 210 Mexicann, ii, 210 nigra, ii, 224 nivca, ii, 210 parviflora, ii, 210 phj^tolaccoidcs, i, 528, 535, 519 procera, ii, 218 pubescens, ii, 217 pulchra, ii, 210 purpurasccns, i, 521, 531, 535; ii, 210, 528 rubra, ii, 210 scandens, ii, 220 actosa, ii, 217 Sibirica, ii, 224 stipitacca, ii, 22() Syriaca, ii, 190, 210 luberosa, i , 210 undiilata, u, 217 viiriegata, ii, 21() vurticillata, ii, 210 viininalis, ii, 220 Vincctoxicum, ii, 22 1 volubilis, ii, 209 vomitoria, ii, 220 AspaniL'fre, i, 50 Asperulcic, i, 30 Asphodeleffi, i, 50, 52, 298, 133 ; ii, 278 Aspidium, ii, 51() fragile, ii, 518 fragrans, ii, 518 trilbliatuDi, ii, 543 Asplcnium, i, 59, 140 ; ii, 250 Filix-focmina, i, 00 Astelia, i, 50, 04 Asteima, ii, 091 exitnium, ii, 091 Astcphanus, ii, 228 Aster ar{»utus, ii, 711 glutiuosus, ii, Kil Astcranthos, i, 387 uolc, 3S8 /luie Astragalus alpiinisi, i, 209 Aslruiilia, ii, 273 Astrantiius, i, 120 Ataxia, i, 231 ; ii, 571 Uorsfieldii, ii, 571 Atherosperinea', i, 25, 61 Atiiyrium fragile, ii, 518 Atlas tree, ii, 30 Atriplex Halimus, i, 00, 08 Attil, i, 288 Attyab, i, 112 note Atylus, ii, 55, 58 Aubrictia, i, 971 Aulax, ii, 19, 21, 3:), 39, 11 pinifolia, ii, 3',>, 11 umbollata, ii, 39, 40 AuruiitiaccK, ii, 537 Avciin, i, 231 aruiidiimcca, i, 301 Foralculii, i, 301 striata, ii, 514 Avenaccuj, ii, 571 Averrhoa, i, 113 Carai bola, i. III Aviccnnia, i, 40, 304 Axyris MoorcruUiuiiii ii, 531 AzoUa, i, 87 piunata, i, 87 llaccliaris, ii. 293, 294 ncreifolia, ii, 294 tio/r scoparia, ii, 300 \im, ii, r/)0, 595, 005 Conimemonii, ii, 005 liygrometrica, ii, 005 multidura, ii, 005 WuUicliii, ii, C05 litcckia, i, 19 arbuscuia, ii, 710 cainphoruta, ii, G79 pvi^meea, ii, 710 Hicoboirys, i, 151 Mo(e, 293 lialunoyiitora, i, 380, 391 dioica, i, 392 nole; ii, 534 fiingosa, i, 392 ttole Balauopliorea!, i, 412 Balanites, i, 44 iEgyptiaca, i, 287 Balbisia, ii, 283 clongata, ii, 283 Balfouria, ii, 233, 211 Bullota distieba, ii, 503 Bumbusa, i, 50 Baniia Abelmoschus, ii, 532 Banana, i, 150 Banisteria, i, 104 Leona, i, 105 Iknksia, i, 110, 308, 310. 150, 455; ii, 11, 15,17, 19,38 aemula, ii, 177 asplcnifolia, ii, 170 atteuuata, ii, 170 australis, ii, 174 cocci aea, ii, 175 collina, ii, 172 com|mr, ii, 175 coucbifera, ii, 177 I t iMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET {MT-3) !.0 i.l 1.25 i;^ 12.8 2A IM 1.8 U IIIIII.6 ^ ^. ^ ^^- 9, 253 Dysodiuni, ii, 285 Ebenacea*, i, 109 Ecliincps, ii, 274 llitro, ii, 263 Echitcs, ii, 232-4 acuminata, ii, 234 agr;lutinata, ii, 234 aiiiiularis, ii, 234 aspeiugiuis, ii, 234 billora, ii, 234 bispinosa, ii, 235 circinulis, ii, 234 coryrnbosa, ii, 235, 238 costata, ii, 243 Domiiigensis, ii, 234 floribunda, ii, 235, 23S glandulosa, ii, 235 nirsuta, ii, 234 laxa, ii, 234 quinquangularis, ii, 234 rtpens, ii, 234 sciioiaris, ii, 246 siphilitica, ii, 235 spicata, ii, 235, 238 subcrecta, ii, 234 succulenta, ii, 235 torulosa, ii, 234 umbellata, ii, 234 Eclipta, ii, 297 note sessilis, ii, 283 Edwardsin, ii, 419 grandiflora, ii, 419 niicropliylla, ii, 419 Eliretia abyssinica, i, 94 obovata, i, 94 Ehriiarta, i, 56 ElseagneiE, i, 65, 82 Eiseis, i, 104 guinecnsis, i, 110, 153, 154, 161 Eloeodendrum, i, 107; ii, 538 Elate sylvestris, i, 142 Elatine, ii, 536 Hydropiper, i, 65 Eleocliaris capitata, i, 144, 164 pnlubtris, ii, 513 Eleusine brevifolia, ii, 533 indica, i, 105 E? stolon iter, i, 93 Eliclirysum, ii, 692 Ellisia, ii, 519 Elymus canadensis, ii, 515 mollis, ii, 515 48 754 INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. Emba, i, 140 note Embelia, i, 150 note Embothriurn, ii, 11, 13, 18, 19, 22, 3S, 271 buxilblium, ii, 146 chaparro, ii, 187 coccineum, ii, 165 cytisoides, ii, 142 dentatum, ii, 170 emargidatum, ii, 13, 166 ferrugineum, ii, 13, 169 genianthum, ii, 146 grandliloruin, ii, 166 Eerbaceum, ii, 168 liirsutum, ii, 170 lanceolatum, ii, 165 lineare, ii, 143 linearifolium, ii, 143 monospermum, ii, 162 myricoides, ii, 169 obliquum, ii, 170 pinnatum, ii, 162 saligimtn, ii, 155 sericeuni, ii, 142 ; /3, ii, 142 ; y, ii, 143 silaifolium, ii, 168 spathulatum, ii, 167 speciosum, ii, 167 speciosissimum, ii, 167 strobilinum, ii, 187 tinctorium, ii, 168, 169 truncatum, ii, 137 umbellatum, ii, 170 Enipetrum nigrum, i, 178 Empleurum, i, 16 Encalypta, ii, 349 vulgaris, i, 69 Endocarpum hepaticura, i, 69 Enhydra, ii, 284 Ensete, i, 157 Entelsea, ii, 677 arborescens, ii, 678 Entelia ammauuioides, ii, 710 Epacrideaj. i, 36, 38, 62, 63, 64, 308, 339, 380 Ephedra, i, 40,453,455, 457 Epiblema, ii, 549 Epidendrum, i, 49, 515 ; ii, 496 aloifolium, ii, 493 altissinium, ii, 474 autuniiialc, i, 50 Barriiigtouiie, ii, 493 ciliare, ii, 497 coclileatum, ii, 496 conopseum, i, 49 ; ii, 497 Epidendrum cucullatam, ii, 495 elongafum, ii, 497 enaifolium, ii, 493 fragrans, ii, 496 fuscatum, ii, 497 humiie, i, 49 note lineare, ii, 490 nutans, ii, 497 ophioglossoides, ii, 491 prsecox, i, 49 note preBmorsum, ii, 494 ruscifolium, ii, 491 secundum, ii, 496 sinense, ii, 493 tripterum, ii, 493 umbellatum, ii, 497 undulatum, ii, 495 Epimedium, i, 124 note Epipactis, i, 492, 542 cordata, ii, 483 ensifolia, ii, 484 latifolia, ii, 484 « ovata, ii, 483 pallens, ii, 484 palustris, i, 528 ; ii, 484 rubra, ii, 484 Epistephium, i, 501 Epithema, ii, 581, 586, 595, 606 EquisetacesB, i, 65 Equisetum, i, 469 arvense, ii, 517 palustre, ii, 518 scirpoides, ii, 518 sylvaticum, ii, 518 umbrosum, ii, 518 variegatum, ii, 518 virgatum, i, 474 note EragrostJE ciliaris, i, 165 Erasma, ii, 322 Eremocliaris, i, 322 Eremodeudron Cunninghami, i, 332 Eremopbila, i, 332, 339 alternifolia, i, 332 arborescens, i, 332 Cunninghamii, i, 332 Mitchelli, i, 333 oppositifob'a, i, 332 Sturtii, i, 333 Ericese, i, 12, 65 Ericiuoc, i, 213,381 Erigcron, i, 329 Erinus frutescens, ii, 504 verticillatus, ii, 505 Eriocaulon, i, 53 Eriocephalus, ii, 470 INDEX OP NAMES OF PL/NTS. 755 Eriocephalus africanus, ii, 470 frutescens, ii, 470 racemosus, ii, 470 Eriophorura angustifolium, i, 218 : ii, 614 capitatum, i, 218 gracile, i, 218 poljstach^on, i, 177, 218 strictuDi, ii, 514 tenellum, ii, 514 vaginatum, ii, 514 Eriostemon, i, 17 parvifolius, ii, 709 Eriostylis, ii, 145 Ernodea, ii, 267 E.cdendrum, ii, 15, 29, 60 amplexicaule, ii, 77 foi'mosum, ii, 65 tenax, ii, 72 turbiniflorum, ii, 76 Erodium, i, 288 Eruca peregrina, ii, 390 Erucaria, ii, 408 aleppica, ii, 408 Erysimum, ii, 402 AUiaria, ii, 404 angustifolium, ii, 405 Barbarea, ii, 398 bicorne, ii, 404 cheiranthoides, ii, 402 diffusum, ii, 403 helveticum, ii, 403 bieracifolium, ii, 404 lauceolatum, ii, 403 odoratum, ii, 404 officinale, ii, 400 orientale, ii, 404 prajcox, ii, 398 rcpandum, ii, 403 sessiliflorum, ii, 403 Erytbraea compar, i, 94 Erythrina tomentosa, i, 95 Erytliroplileum, i, 111, 290 Erytliropsis, ii, 639 Erythrospcrmum, i, 121 Erythroxylon, i, 106 ellipticum, ii, 709 Escallonese, 'i, 523 Escallonia, ii; 523 Ethulia coiiyzoides, i, 162 Eucalyptus, i, 18, 62,64,74,75,311 .339 Baxtcri, ii, 710 calophylla, i, 311 ciiiata, i, 240 globulus, i. 18. 75 Eucalyptus grandifolia, ii, 710 bypericilblia, ii, 710 peifoliata, ii, 710 Euchilus, ii, 432 obcordatus, li, 432 Euclidium, ii, 371 syriacum, ii, 371 Euderaa, i, 254 Eudesmia, i, 74 telragona, i, 75 Eugenia, i, 364 Eulopbia virens, ii, 534 Eulophus, ii, 694 Euodia, i, 16 Euonymus, i, 448, 537 Eupatorium, ii, 299 note ferrugineum, ii, 302 rosmariuifolium, ii, 302 Eupjiorbia, i, 28, 62, 128; ii, 279 propinqua, i, 95 punioca, ii, 279 note Eupborbiacese, i, 27, 28, 104. 127,283, 559;ii,587«o/(?, 615,659, 663 Eupomatia, i, 73, 382 laurina, i, 73 Eurya, ii, 326 Cbinenais, ii, 327 Japonica, ii, 328 Euryale, i, 451 Euryspermum, ii, 30, 40 grandiflorum, ii, 47 salicifolium, ii, 49 Eustegia, ii, 226 Eustrepbus, i, 50 Eutaxia, ii, 431 myrtifolia, ii, 431 E'l'iialeS; i, 33 ; ii, 266 notg Eutoca, ii, 519 Franklinii, ii, 520 parviliora, ii, 519 Menziesii, ii, 519, 522 Eutroma, i, 193 Edwardsii, i, 193, 254 Evernia prunastri, i, 69 Exocarpus, i, 42, 137, 308, 310 cupressiforn)is, i, 43, 308, 310 Fagara, i, 16, 37, 1:53 Eagoniaarabica, i, 285 arniata, i, 94 cretica, i, 285 Mysorensis, i, 286 Oudneyi, i, 285 Farsetia, i, 262. 264, 265. 269 note} ii, 38 s mm 756 INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. Farsetia iEgyptiaca, i, 269 no/e cheiraiitlioides, ii, b88 clypeata, ii, 389 deltoidea, ii, 389 incana, li, 389 luuarioides, ii, 388 niutabilis, ii, 389 stylosa, i, 269 note Festuca brevifolia, i, 225, 256 Halleri, i, 225 ovina, i, 225 ; ii, 515 vivipara, i, 225 Fibigia, i, 271 Ficus, i, 137 Brassii, ii, 715 religiosa, i, 137 Fieldia, li, 609 australis, ii, 609 Filices, i, 59, 62, 104, 146 Fimbristylis, i, 143, 300 Firmiana, ii, 639 colorata, ii, 640 platanifolia, ii, 639 Fissidens exilis, i, 69 ; ii, 344, 348 Fissilia, i, 136 disparilis i, 136 Flabellaria pinuata, i, 106 Flacourtianeaj, ii, 716 Flageilaria, i, £•'? indica, i, UZ, 166, 169 Flindersia, i, 71 australis, i, 71 Floerkea, ii, 333 Forstera, i, 34; ii, 312 Fothergilla, ii, 321 Francoaceee, ii, 357 Franklandia, i, 79 ; ii, 15, 16, 18, 19, 37; ii, 130 fucifolia, i, 80 ; ii, 131 Fresiera, ii, 327 Frostia, i, 430 Fructus musculiformis, ii, 190 Fuchsia, i, 21 Fucus articulatus, i, 70 corneus, i, 70 obtusus, i, 70 palmatus, i, 70 pinuatifidus, i, 70 plicatus, i, 70 rubens, i, 70 sinuosus, i, 70 Fuirena, i, 53 umbeliata, i, 144, 164, 169 Fumariacete, i, 65, 272 Funaria liygrometrica, i, 69, :U6 Funaria minor, ii, 334 Fungi, i, 2^3 Fusanus, i, 42 alteruifolia, i, 93 Gajrtnera, i, 37, 132 Gaguedi, i, 163 note Galega astragaloides, ii, 709 crocca, li, 710 juncea, ii, 709 oblongata, ii, 709 porrecta, ii, 709 reticulata, ii, 710 Galipea, i, 16 Galium, i, 295 Gangi, i, 155 Garcinioides, ii, 537 Gardenia, i, 131, 269 nole fucata, ii, 711 suflfruticosa, ii, 711 Gastrolobium, ii, 432 bilobum, ii, 432 Gazania, ii, 464 Pavonia, ii, 464 rigens, ii, 464 subulata, ii, 464 Geissorrliiza abjssinica, i, 93, 163 Geniostoma, i, 37, 132 Gentianese, i, 36, 37, 133, 295 Geodorum, ii, 488 citrinum, ii, 488 dilatatuni, ii, 488 purpureum, ii, 488 Geraniace«, i, 114, 288 Geranium compar, i, 95 Geropogon glabrum, ii, 270 Gesneriacese, ii, 586, 589 Gesneriese, ii, 589 Getouia, ii, 609 Geum, i, 206 congesta, i, 206 dilatata, i, 206 glaciale, i, 206 humilis, i, 206 montaaum, i, 206 Peckii, i, 206 radiatum, i, 206 reptans, i, 200 tnflorum, i, 206 urbanum, i, 65 Gisekia, i, 139 pharuaceoides, i, 165, 172 Gieiclienia, i, 59 Hermanui, i, 146, 164 Giinus loloides, i, 162, 165, 166 INDEX OP NAMES OF PLANTS. 757 Globba, ii, 551 Globularia cordifolia, ii, 315 Globularise, i, G5 Gloriosa simplex, i, 170 superba, i, 165, 1G9, 170 Glossanthus, ii, 577, 590, 595, 607 graudifolia, ii, 607 Malabarica, ii, 607 Mexicaua, ii, 581, 607 Notoniana, ii, 607 Zeylanica, ii, 607 Glossodia, ii, 485, 549 major, ii, 485 Glyceria, i, 56, 226 fluitans, i, 68 Glycine bimaculata, ii, 440 coccinea, ii, 440 rubicunda, ii, 440 subterranea, i, 155, 160 Glycyrrhiza, i, 323 Giypliocarpa capensis, ii, 335 Gnaplialium, ii, 294, 300 alpinum, i, 212 ; ii, 302 carpaticum, ii, 302 dioicum, ii, 302 Leontopodioides, ii, 302 Leoutopodium, ii, 302 luteo-album, ii, 300 margaritaceum, ii, 301 note, 302 mucronatum, ii, 302 muricatum, ii, 302 plantagineum, ii, 302 seriphioides, ii, 302 sylvaticuni, ii, 300 uliginosum, ii, 301 Gnaplialoidese, i, 30 Gnetum, i, 453, 455 Gomeza, ii, 669 recurva, ii, 669 Gompliocarpos, ii, 216 arborescens, ii, 217 crispus, ii, 217 fruticosns, i, 542; ii, 217 setobus, ii, 217 Gompholobium, ii, 427 ellipticum, ii, 426 fimbriatum, ii, 427 latifoliuni, ii, 427 mauulatum, ii, 422 marginatum, ii, 427 polymorph'im, ii, 427 psoralifleio!'"-" '• 427 scabrum, li, 428 spinosum, ii, 429 tomentosum, ii, 423 Gompholobium venustum, ii 428 Gonocarpus, i, 22 Gonolobus, ii, 215 Carolinensis, ii, 215 crispiflorus, ii, 215 grandiflorus, ii, 215 liirtus, ii, 215 raaritimus, ii, 215 niger, ii, 215 oblic[uus, ii, 215 planiflorus, ii, 215 prostratiis, ii, 215 raccmosus, ii, 215 rostratus, ii. 215 suberosus, ii, 215 undulatus, ii, 215 Goodcnia, ii, 267 note bellidilblia, ii, 267 note cycloptera, i, 331 decurrens, li, 267 note Goodenovia;, i, 31, 63, 81, 308; ii, 266, 271, 272, 310 Goodenovia littoralis, i, 34, 04 Goodia, ii, 439 lotifolia, ii, 439 pubescens, ii, 439 Goody era, ii, 481 pubescens, ii, 481 repens, ii, 481 Gorteria, ii, 464 araneosa, ii, 463 asteroides, ii, 463 cernua, ii, 463 personafa, ii, 464 rigens, ii, 464 Gossypium, i, 317 Gouania, i, 26 Gramineue, i, 54, 63, 85, 104, 145, 169, 182 note, 219, 298, 300, 468,559; ii, 276, h%7 note Grammitis, ii, 525, 566 Ceterach, i, 303 leptophylla, ii, 526 Grangea maderaspatana, i, 162, 165, 167 Grangeria, i, 115 Gratiola involucrata, ii, 555 Grevillea, i, 41, 339; ii, 11, 18, 20, 22, 37, 140, 271, 280 acuminata, ii, 145 arenaria, ii, ]4i aspera, ii, 144 aspleniifoiia, ii, 147 australis, ii, 143 Banksii, ii, 147 ^Mm¥t:^^xta^ ^;tr!=sfc»tfcrj= 758 INDEX OP NAMES OP PLANTS. I ! Grevillea Baweri, ii, 145 buxifolia, ii, 146 ceratophylla, ii, 148 Clirysodendron, ii, 16, 147 cinerea, ii, 145 concinna, ii, 144 Dryandri, ii, 147 dubia, ii, 142 gibbosa, ii. 149 Goodii, ii, 146 heliospernia, ii, 148 juncea, i, 335 luniperina, ii, 143 linearis, ii, 142 lineata, i, 335 longistyla, i, 335 lorea, i, 335 ; ii, 149 mimosoides, ii, 148 MitcUellii, i, 335 montana, ii, 144< muci'ouulata, ii, 145 neglecta, i, 335 occidentalia, ii, 115 parviflora, ii, 143 pauciflora, ii, 144 phylicoides, ii, 146 polystachya, ii, 148 pungens, ii, 147 puuicea, ii, 142 refracta, ii, 148 riparia, ii, 143 sericea, ii, 142 spliacelata, ii, 146 striata, i, 335 ; ii, 148 stricta, ii, 143 Sturtii, i, 334 ' teuuifolia, ii, 144 venusta, ii, 146 Grewia, i, 108 ; ii, 534 GrilBtliia Daviesii, ii, 334 parviflora, ii, 689 Griramia, ii, 338, 344 apocarpa, i, 69 Daviesii, ii, 344 pulvinata, i, 69 Griiidelia, ii, 282 GrossulaiinesB, i, 65 Ground nuts, i, 154 Guevina, ii, 18, 36, 138 Avellana, ii, 138 Guiera, i. 20 Guilandiua, i, 294 Bonduc, i. 111, 165,168 Bonducella, i, ^.65, 171 GuttiferjB, i, 149 Gwillioiia, ii, 705 Gymnadenia, ii, 475 conopsea, ii, 475 Gymnanthera, ii, 231 Gymnema, ii, 213 lactifera, ii, 213 sylvestris, ii, 214 Gymnocarpus decandrum, i, 297 Gymnogouia, i, 275 Gymnogramma, ii, 568 Gymuostomum, ii, 341, 354 Bonplandii, ii, 344 fasciculare, ii, 341, 344 Griffithianum, ii, 341 julaceum, ii, 345 lapponicum, ii, 344 microstotnum, ii, 341, 344 obtusifolium, i, 240, 253 pennatum, ii, 344 pulvinatum, ii, 344 pyriforme, i, 69 ; ii, 339 Rottleri, ii, 344 viridissimum, ii, 344 Gymnostyles, ii, 281 antbemilblia, ii, 282 iiasturtiifolia, ii, 282 Gynandropsis, i, 273, 275 GynDcardia, ii, 716 Gynocephaluni, ii, 651 Gyratse, ii, 525 Gyr'nops, i, 126 Gyromium proboscidcum, i, 250 Gyrophora erosa, i, 178, 250 heteroidea ji, i, 69 hirsuta, i, 178,250 polyphylla, i, 69 proDOScidea, i, 69 Habenaria, ii, 476 albida, ii, 477 bifolia, i, 491, 500; ii, 477, 549 bracteata, ii, 476 ciliaris, ii, 477 cristata, ii, 477 fimbriata, ii, 477 herbiola, ii, 477 hyperborea, ii, 477 nigra, ii, 476 viridis, i, 540«o/e; ii, 476 Hakea, i, 310, 339; ii, 11, 15, 18, 22, 37, 187 acicularis, ii, 152 amplexicaulis, ii, 155 I I .^Vn V. Pi INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. 769 Hakea arborescens, ii, 157 atfenuata, ii, 154 ceratopliylla, ii, 155 cinerea, ii, l^fi clavata, ii, 15/ cycloptera, ii, 153 dactyloides, ii, 156 elliptica, ii, 157 epiglottis, ii, 150 flexilia, ii, 151 florida, ii, 154 gibbosa, ii, 152 glabra, ii, 150 iiicifolia, ii, 154 leucoptera, ii, 151 linearis, ii, 154 lissosperma, ii, 151 lorea, i, 335 marginata, ii, 156 microcarpa, ii, ] 53 nitida, ii, 154 nodosa, ii, 151 obliqna, ii, 151 oleifolia, ii, 155 prostrata, ii, 155 pubescens, ii, 152 pugioniformis, ii, 150 pjriformis, ii, 159 rugosa, ii, 150 ruscifolia, ii, 156 saligna, ii, 155 sericea, ii, 152 suaveolens, ii, 153 sulcata, ii, 151 trifurcata, ii, 153 undulata, ii, 155 varia, ii, 153 vittata, ii, 153 Halorageae, i, 21, 63 Haloragis, i, 21, 22 lanceolata, ii, 710 panioulata, ii, 710 pusilla, ii, 710 stricta, ii, 710 Hamamelidese, i, 381 ; ii, 321, 334 Hamamelis, ii, 321 Chinensis, ii, 322 Vir^inica, ii, 323 Harrisonia, ii, 707 Hedwigia secunda, ii, 335 Uedycmum elatum, ii, 690 Hor3fieldii, ii, 725 speciosum, ii, 690 Hedyotis, i, 131, 295 alata, ii, 532 Hedyotis alsinifolia, ii, 532 approximata, ii, 532 H.? arguta, ii, 532 articularis, ii, 532 biflora, ii, 532 Burnianniana, ii, 532 ceplialophora, ii, 531 congesta, ii, 531 costata, ii, 532 cymosa, ii, 532 H. ? elongata, ii, 532 brachypoaa, ii, 532 extensa, ii, 532 H. P glabra, ii, 531, 532 Heynii, ii, 532 linarifolia, ii, 532 H. ? macrocephala, ii, 531 polycarpa, ii, 531 puberula, ii, 532 racemosa, ii, 532 scaiidens, ii, 531 scapigera, ii, 532 stipulata, ii, 532 stylosa, ii, 532 tubularis, ii, 532 vestita, ii, 531 volubilis, ii, 531 Hedysarum adscendens, i, 165 pictum, i, 165 triflorum, i, 111, 105 vaginale, i, 165 IlelianthesB, i, 128 ; ii, 297 Helianthemum, i, 453 note Heliantbus, ii, 206 multiflorus, ii, 265 Helicia, ii, 532 cochinchinensis, ii, 161 robusta, ii, 532 Ilelicterese, ii, 620 Helicteres apetala, ii, 62 S panioulata, ii, 633- undulata, ii, 632 Ileliopliila, ii, 391 amplexicaulis, ii, 391 arabioides, ii, 391 filiformis, ii, 391 foeniculacea, ii, 392 incana, ii, 391 integrifolia, ii, 391 pendula, ii, 392 pilosa, ii, 391 pinnaia, ii, 392 platisiliqua, ii, 391 Heliotropium cinereun), i, 94 H. P dubium, i, 94 mm r.rr..:rx::s:aim irtHi 760 INDEX OP NAMES OP PLANTS. 'fii Ileliotropium ellipticum, i, 9i grac'ile, i, 91 indicum, i, 165 Helosis guianensis, i, 124 Helvclla mcmbranacea, i, 253 Hemarthria, i, 58 Hemerocallideee, i, 513 Hemidesmus, ii, 230 Hemigeiiia, i, 39 Hemionitis liastata, ii.. 532 Hemistemma, i, 12 angustifolium, ii, 703 Banksii, ii, 703 dealbatum, ii, 703 Hepatica;, i, 66, 249 Heritiera, ii, 615, 643 attenuata, ii, 643 ron\c3, ii, 643 littoralis, ii, 643 minor, ii, 643 Hermannia, i, 63 Hermaiiniacesp, i, 109 Herminium, ii, 476 Monorchia, ii, 476 Hermodactylum, i, 300 Hernaadia, ii, 651 Hernandiaceae, ii, 651 Hesperideae, i, 72, 149 Hesperis africana, ii, 407 iiiodora, ii, 408 matronalis, ii, 408 nitons, i, 272 ; ii, 407 ratnosissima, i, 272 tristis, ii, 407 verna, ii, 396 Heuchera, ii, 522 Ricliardsonii, ii, 523 Hexameria, ii, 575 disticha, ii, 575 Hibbertia, i, 12 cistifolia, ii, 704 dentata, ii, 704 diffusa, ii, 704 ecbiifolia, ii, 708 fasciculata, ii, 704 lepidota, ii, 704 linearis, ii, 704 monogyna, ii, 704 oblongata, ii, 704 peduuculata, ii, 704 saligna, ii, 704 scabra, ii, 708 serpyllifolia, ii, 704 stricta, ii, 708 tomentosa, ii, 704 Hibbertia vctulina, ii, 708 virgata, ii, 704 volubilis, i, 449 Hibiscus, i, 109 eriantlius, i, 95 parvifolius, i, 95 surattensis, i, 165 thespesioides, ii, 709 tiliaceus, i, 165, 171 Hierochloe, i, 231 ; ii, 571 alpina, i, 178, 232 fragrans, ii, 514 laxa, ii, 533 pauciflora, i, 232 Hildegardia, ii, 639 populifolia, ii, 639 Hingstha, ii, 284 Hippia minuta, ii, 281 stolonifera, ii, 282 Hippocratea, i, 107 Hippocraticea?, ii, 537 Hipj)ocraticeffi, i, 27, 107 Hippuris, i, 21, 22 lliraea piunata, i, 106 Ilirculus propinquus, i, 202 Ilirtella, i, 115 Ilolarrhena, ii, 232, 236, 244 IIolcus, i, 57, 233 acicularis, i, 302 alpinus, i, 178, 232 ; ii, 514 Gryllus, i, 66, 68 saccharatus, i, 160 sorghum, i, 160 Holostemma, ii, 220 Homalinee, i, 120, 384, 386 Homalium, i, 120 Hookeria, ii, 337 lucens, i, 69 Hordeum jubatum, ii, 515 Hoslundia, i, 13*^ "lostea, ii, 215 Hovea, i, 25 ; ii, 439 linearis, ii, 440 longifolia, ii, 440 Hovenia, i, 26 Hoya, ii, 200, 208, 716 austral is, ii, 715 carnosa, i, 527, 529 ; ii, 209, 715 Nicobarlca, ii, 716 viridiflora, ii, 209 Hudsonia, i, 453 note Hueinia, ii, 200, 205 campanulata, ii, 206 guttata, ii, 206 nv.. INDKX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. 761 Huernia venusta, ii, 20G Humboltltia, ii, 552 laurifolia; ii, 552 Hutchinsia, i, 26.'} ; ii, 37S alpina, i, 2G;{ ; ii, ;i78 petrfca, i, 263 ; ii, 378 rotundifolia, ii, 378 Hybanthus, i, 122 Hydnocarpus, ii, 716 Hyduora, i, 401, 427, 558 africana, i, 402, 412, 416, 427 americana, i, 428 triceps, i, 412, 428 Hydnorese, i, 427 Hydrocotyle alata, ii, 706 asiatica, i, 105 flaccida, ii, 706 heteromeria, ii, 706 liirta, ii, 705 intertcxta, ii, 700 muscosa, ii, 706 peduncularis, ii, 706 plebeia, ii, 706 pulcliella, ii, 706 pusilla, ii, 706 tripartita, ii, 706 vulgaris, i, 68 Hydrolea, i, 185 Hydrolea;, i, 135 Hydropeltideee, i, 556 Hydropeltis, i, 74, 451 Hydropliyllese, ii, 519 Hydrophyllum, ii, 519 lineare, ii, 519 Hymenanthera, i, 125 angustifolia, ii, 705 dentata, ii, 705 Hymenopappus, ii, 265, 267 note, 268 note scabiosseus, ii, 265 tenuifolius, ii, 266 Hymenophyllum, i, 146 ; ii, 342 alatum, ii, 510 tunbridgense, i, 68 Hypjelyptum argenteum, i, 144, 1 64 Hypselytrum, i, 144 Hyphaene, i, 141 coriacea, i, 141 Hypnum, ii, 345 aduncum, i, 178, 235 cordifolium, i, 234 nitens, i, 234 recognitum, i, 68 rufesceus, i, 235 velutinum, i, 346 nyjioderris, ii, 513 Hypoclyptum, i, 54 Hypoestes, i, J 34 I'orskalii, i, 93 Ilypopliyllocarpodendron, ii, 25, 86 Hypoxidea;, i, 51 Hypoxis, i, 5 1 fascicularis, i, 298 HypUs,i, 135, 164 obtusilolia, i, 165, 167 Iberis, i, 265 ; ii, 379 amara, ii, 380 ciliata, ii, 379 gibraltarica, ii, 379 liiiifolia, ii, 380 iiudicaulis, ii, 378 piniiata, ii, 380 rotundifolia, ii, 378 saxatilis, ii, 379 scmi)erfloreus, ii, 379 sempervirens, ii, 379 umbeliata, ii, 379 violacea, ii, 380 Ibettsouia, ii, 422 genistoides, ii. 422 Ichnocarpus, ii, 232, 235 Ilex Japonica, i, ] 24 note Illecebrea;, i, 138 ; ii, 543 lUicium, ii, 704 Impatiens, ii, 535 tenella, i, 94 Imperata aurundinacea, i, 68 cy^lindrica, i, 165 Inearvillea, ii, 725 oblongilblia, ii, 599 parasitica, ii, 585 Indigofera, i, 295 albicans, i, 95 diffusa, i, 95 lateritia, i, 165 Incumba, i, 155 Inga biglobosa, i, 288 Senegalensis, i, 289 Inocarpus, ii, 651 Inula, ii, 294 lodes, ii, 650 ovalis, ii, 650 lonidium, i, 122 note aquatica, i, 296 Clappertoni, i, 296 pentapliylla, i, 164 pes-caprse, i, 164 Ipomoea, i, 135, 296 ; ii, 545 Ipomopsis, i, 532 ii ■1 ;-!imm[gf „ „^il 762 INDEX OF NAME8 OF PLANTS. Irideaj, i, 54, 56, U, 502, 513, 559 Iris, i, 298, 559 Isachne, i, 57 Isatis, i, 270 note; ii, 271, 375 aleppica, ii, 375 lusilanica, ii, 375 orientalis, ii, 375 tinctoria, ii, 375 Ischsemum, i, 57 rottbollioides, ii, 553 Isocarpha, ii, 289 Isociiiius, ii, 190 linearis, ii, 490 prolifer, ii, 490 Isolepis iluitans, i, 68 setacea, i, 68 Isonema, ii, 232, 236 Isopogon, i, 310; ii, 11, 14, 16, 17» 35, 58, 185 anemonifolius, ii, 59, 185 anethifolius, ii, 58, 185 attenuatus, ii, 60 axillaris, ii, GO buxifolius, ii, 60 ceratophyllus, ii, 59 cuneatus, ii, 59 formosus, ii, 58 longifolius, i, 59 polyccphal'is, ii, 60 teretifolius, ii, 58 trilobus, ii, 59 Iva frutescens, ii, 266 note Ivira, ii, 615, 616 prurieus, ii, 629 Ixodia, ii, 461 aciiillsBoides, ii, 461 Ixora, ii, 269 fiote ?,arguta, ii, 533 concinna, ii, 533 coriacea, ii, 533 densa, ii, 533 diversifolia, ii, 533 elliptica, ii, 533 grandifolia, ii, 533 lucida, ii, 533 macropbylla, ii, 533 nigricans, ii, 533 oblonga, ii, 533 opaca, ii, 533 propinqua, ii, 533 triflora, ii, 711 Jacaranda, ii, 673 acutifolia, ii, 674 baliamensis, ii, 674 Jacaranda caroliniana, ii, 674 obtusifolia, ii, 674 ovalifolia, ii, 674 procera, ii, 674 rhoinbifolia, ii, 674 tomentosa, ii, 675 Jacksonia, ii, 428 scoparia, ii, 429 spinosa, ii, 429 Jacquinia, i, 151 note Jamaica nutmeg, i, 161 Jambolifera, i, 16 Jasminum abyssinicum, i, 93 lineare, i, 330, 339 micrantlmm, i, 331 Mitchellii, i, 330 Jasione, ii, 314 Jatropha Manihot, i, 154 Jeffersonia, i, 124 note Jcnkinsia, ii, 652, 653 Josephia, ii, 11, 19 Juncese, i, 52, 53, 216, 299 note, 436 ; ii, 278 Juncus, i, 298 affinis, ii, 515 arcuatus, i, 217 bicornis, ii, 515 biglumis, i, 216 campestris, i, 217 ; ii, 515 castaneus, ii, 515 ecbinatus, ii, 515 effusus, i, 68 filiformis, ii, 515 glaucus, ii, 515 maritimus, i, 68 melanocarpus, ii, 515 tenuis, ii, 515 triglumis, ii, 515 Jungermannia, i, 178 ; ii, 351 bicornis, i, 249 bidentata, i, 69 byssacea, i, 69 complanata, i, 69 furcata, i, 69 minuta, i, 249 pinguis, i, 69 tamarisci, i, 69 tomentella, i, 69 ventricosa, i, 249 Jussisea arborea, ii, 505 bivalvis, i, 93 cristata, ii, 505 cynancbifolia, i, 93 erecta, i, 165, 167, 171 Forskalii, i, 93 ^"^■*v^. INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. 763 Jussiiea infiindibuliformis, ii, 505 pulcherrima, ii, 505 tctragona, ii, 505 Kadsura, ii, 085 Kallstroemia, i, 318 Kanaiiia, ii, 21S laniflora, i, 94; ii, 218 Kangaroo grass, i, 308 Kantuffa, i, 94 Kasiieia, i, 303 Kennedia, ' 25 ; ii, 410 coccii.-a, ii, 440 mouophylla, ii, 440 prostrata, ii, 440 rubicuuda, ii, 440 speciosa, i, 321 Kcrnera, i, 271 Kiugia, i, 433, 430 australis, i, 308, 430; ii, 724 Kino gum, i, 290 Kiugia azurea, ii, 007 Knigbtia, ii, 12, 38, 103 Kiioxia mollis, ii, 531 teres, ii, 531 Kobresia scirpina, ii, 515 Koniga, i, 200 note, 271 libyca, i, 20S maritima, i, 208 Kouka, i, 288 Krameria, i, 14 Krubut, i, 372, 393 Kyllinga, i, 54, 144 Labiata;, i, 38, 135, 297, 380 Labioliea, i, 328 Lada Tchilli, i, 158 Lactuca virosa, ii, 203 Lagasca, ii, 274 Laguncularia, i, 20 Lambertia, ii, 11, 15, 18, 38, 157, 2S0 echinata, ii, 158 formosa, ii, 158, 2S0 inerniis, ii, 158, 280 teretifolia, ii, 150 uniflora, ii, 158, 280 Langsdorfia, i, 412 Lantpna, i, 130 poljcepbala, i, 94 Lappago, i, 57, 379 note Lardizabalese, i, 555 Lasianthera, i, 151 Lasiopetalum, i, 11, 12 rufum, ii, 708 Lastrsea, ii, 568 Lauradia, i, 124 Laiirelin, i, 20, CI- Lauriiia;, i, 25, 149, 380 Laurus, i, 150 Lavandula, i, 297 mullifida, i, 297 Lavenia erecta, i, 105, 167 ;ii, 290 Laxmannia, ii, 292 note Lecanora atra, i, 09 bruunca, fi nebuiosa, i, 69 elef^ans, i, 250 decipiens, i, 09 /3 dendritica, i, 09 fusco-atra, i, 09 f;elida, i, 09 cntigcra, i, 09 lc[)idosa, i, 69 microphylia, i, 09 parella, i, 09 subl'usca, i, 09 sulphurea, i, 09 ventosa, i. 09 Lecliea, i, 453 note Lecidea confluens, i, 09 geographica, i, 09 lurida, i, 09 luteola, i, 69 parasema, i, 09 Leca, i, 151 sambucina, i, 105, 109 Leersia ciliata, i, 240 Legnotis, i, 119, 104 LeguminosH!, i, 22, 02, 104, 110, 113, 108, 288, 291, 307, 603 Leichardtia, i, 329 australis, i, 329 Lemua, i, 448 minor, i, 08 trisulca, i, 08 Leontice, i, 124 note altaica, i, 302 Leontopetalum, i, 302 thalictroides, i, 301 Leontodon lividus, i, 210 nana, i, 178 palustre, i, 210 Taraxacum, i, 178, 210 Leontopodium, ii, 302 Lepeyrodia, i, 145 Lepidium, ii, 380 alpinum, ii, 378 bidentatum, ii, 382 bonariense, ii, 381 campestre, ii, 382 Cardamines, ii, 381 m 761 INDKX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. If Lcpidium didymum, ii, 373 divariculum, ii, 381 Draba, ii, 3S1 framinil'uliuin, ii, 381 ' bcris, ii, 381, 383 latifoliuin, ii, 380 lyratum, ii, 380 oieraccuin, ii, 382 perfoliatum, ii, 382 petreeum, ii, 378 piscidium, ii, 382 procumbens, i, 271 rotundirolium, ii, 378 ruderale, ii, 381 salivum, ii, 382 spinosum, ii, 382 subulatum, ii, 382 virginicutn, ii, 383 Lepidocarpodcndron, ii, 25, 20, 29 Lepidodendron Ilarcourtii, ii, 12i Lepidospcrma, i, 53 Lepraria botryoides, i, 70 flava, i, 70 incana, i, 70 Leptadenia, i, 214 Leptomeria, i, 42 Leptosperinum, i, 19, 311 note Leptostomum, i, 352; ii, 341, 345 erectum, i, 352 ^racile, i, 353 incliuans, i, 352 Menziesii, i, 353 Lepturus, i, 55 ; ii, 553 Lepyrodia, i, 54 Leskea, ii, 335 complanata, i, 68 mfescens, i, 235 Lessertia, ii, 442 annua, ii, 442 diffusa, ii, 443 pereunans, ii, 443 Leucadendron, ii, 15, 17, 21, 22, 24, 29, 35, 40, 41, GO, 183, 184, 723 abietinani, ii, 52 acaulon, ii, 73 adscendens, ii, 49, 51, 1S4 semulum, ii, 52 angustatum, ii, 43, 183 argenteum, ii, 41 buxifblium, ii, 44 cancellatum, ii, 40 cartilagineum, ii, 54 cinaroides, a, ii, 61 cinereum, ii, 46 Leucadendron comosum, ii, 52 coiiciiiiium, ii, 50 concolor, ii, 17 Conocarpodcndron, ii, 81 corynibosuni, ii, 46 crassil'oliuin, ii, 54 cucitllatum, ii, 88 cyanoides, ii, 97 decorum, ii, 46 dccurrcns, ii, 48 divaricatuni, ii, 91 clongatum, ii, 109 ericitolium, ii, 54 floridum, ii, 51 fusciflorum, ii, 183 S'ubruni, ii, 48, 50 lobularia, ii. 53 gloincratum, ii, 28, 106 fjrandiflorum, ii, 47, 82 lirtuni, ii, 87 Ilypopliyllocarpodendron, ii, SI iinbricatum, ii, 44 Lepidocarpodendron, ii, 66, 08 Levisanus, ii, 45 linifolium, ii, 183 nauum, ii, 71 olcscfolium, ii, 25 ovale, ii, 48 pbylicoides, ii, i03 pinifolium, ii, 28, 39 platyspermum, ii, 51 plumosum, ii, 42, 184 proteoides, ii, 27, 91 pubescens, ii, 53 racemosum, ii, 120 repens, ii, 69 ; /3, ii, 75 retusum, ii, 43, 62, 184, 187 salignum, ii, 50 scabrum, ii, 53 Scolymocepbalum, ii, 70 sericeum, li, 53 Serruria, a, ii, 108; /3, ii, 106 sessile, ii, 43 spatbulatum, ii, 43 speciosum, ii, 28, 64 sphseroceplialum, ii, 186 spicatum, ii, 112 squarrosum, ii, 47, 184 slrictum, ii, 48 thymelffioides, ii, 90 tortum, ii, 45, 183 uliginosum, ii, 51 venosum, ii, 48 virgatum, ii, 49, 50 Leucadendros, ii, 26, 30, 31 I; INDKX OF NAMES OF I'LANTS. 765 LniCiidciKlros africnnn, ii, 80 LoiicaiLMulrnin, ii, 78 licucits nlliiiis, i, '.)!• quiiuiuedcnluta, i, 91 Leucodoii, ii, 'M'i Leucoltciia, i, 29 Leiico))liyta, ii, 280 Lcucosin, 1, 1J5 Lcucospermum, ii, 20, 35, 78, 186,271 attcnuatuin, ii, 70 huxifolium, ii, 82 Conocnrpum, ii, 81, I'JO criiiituni, ii, 85 diffusum, ii, 85 ellipticuni, ii, SO, 185 ({raiidiflorimi, ii, 81, 82 Ilypopiivlliiin, ii, 84 linearc, ii, 79 medium, ii, 80 molle, ii, 85 milans, ii, 80 olccefolium, ii, 85 pniuhini, ii, 82, 80 puberum, ii, 82, 83 spatlmlatum, ii, 83 tonientosum, ii, 83 Tottum, ii, 79 Lcveniiooiiia, i, 34 Leycesteria, ii, 542 Liatris, ii, 299 noie spicata, ii, 270 Licania, i, 115 Lichen aphtbosus, i, 251 cucuUatus, i, 251 elegans, i, 250 inlandicus, i, 251 lanati' '.251 nivalis, i, 250 normoricus, i, 251 ocliroleucus, i, 251 odontellus. i, 251 pasclialis, i, 252 ramulosus, i, 252 vermicularis, i, 252 Lichenoste, i, 06, 250 Liliacete, i, 299, 439, 449, 450, 513 ; ii, 278 Lime, i, 154, 150 Limuantiiea3, ii, 303 Limnantlius, ii, 303 Douglassii, ii, 304 Limodorum, ii, 089 allum, ii, 487 barbatum, ii, 094 , Limodorum caiinatuni, ii, 094 i rpidcndroi cd, ii, 09 !• , liianH, ii, *'t'.)l ; loiigicoriic, ii, 094 j nutans, ii, 1S8 puipurcuni, ii, 4S7 fliiatuin, ii, 094 I Taiikervilliu', ii, 487 ' tristc, ii, 094 tuberosum, ii, 480 vcratrifolium, ii, 091 V irons, ii, 094 Limonia, ii, 004 Linaria gracilis, i, 94 liastata, i, 94 propinqua, i, 94 Linconia, ii, 322 Liudernia japonica, ii, 505 Linkia, ii, 133 Isevis. ii, 130 Linnnen, i;, 324, 541, 073 Linsciiot'.Miia, i, 315 Lipocarpha, i, 144 argoiitca, i, 104, 109 Lipotriclir, ii, 297 fiote Lippia, i, 130 Liriope spicata, ii, 095 Lissochilus, ii, C92, 094 speciosus, ii, 092, 707 Listera, ii, 483 cordata, ii, 483 ovata, ii,483 Lithospermum ? ambiguum, i, 94 Lobelia, i, 32 Lobeliacese, i, 292; ii, 269 tio/e, 310, r)7C Lobularia, i, 200 Loganeae, i, 37 Logauia, i, 37, 132 Loiium, i, 55 ; ii, 277 perenue, i, 408 noie, 530 note Lomaria, ii, 525 Lomalia, i, 41, 64; ii, 38, 108 denlata, ii, 169 ferrugiuea, ii, 108 ilicifolia, ii, 169 longifolia, ii, 109 obliqua, ii, 170 polymorplia, ii, 109 silail'olia, ii, 108 tinctoriii, ii, 1(58 Lomentacea', i, 23 Lonicera, ii, 687 LoniceresB, ii,324 I ,*,-, 766 INDEX OP NAMES OP PLANTS. Loranllinccno, i, 113 note, 501 Loraiillii'tc, i, 2SS LoranlliUH, i, sJI, l:iO, |:{7, 288 ttiiKUHlifolliis, ii, 710 cnl^riiiuii, i, !)!' concL'slus, i, 'Jl iloribundus, i, 30S lactus, i, 91 Loropctalum, ii, 323 Lotus arborcus, ii, 098 Loxidium, ii, 412 Loxocarpus, ii, 595, 000 incnna, ii, 000 Loxonia, ii, 5S0, 582, 595 acuminata, ii, 582 discolor, ii, 582 liirsufa, ii, 58 !• Loxopliylluni, ii, 585 Loxolis, ii, 577, 590, 595 intermedia, ii, 577 obliq^un, ii, 577 Lunaria, li, 390 annua, ii, 390 lib^ca, i, 202. 205 parviflorn, i, 202 redivivn, ii, 390 Luzula campestiis, i, 08, 217; ii, 515 hyperborea, i, 210 melanocarpa, ii, 515 pilosa, i, 217 Luzuriaga, i, 50 Lyciinis, i, 285 apetaia, i, 177, 198 triflora, i, 178 Lycoperdon pratense, i, 253 Lycopodiaceie, ii, 722 LycopcdincBB, i, 117 Lycopodium alpiuun), ii, 518 annotinum, ii, 518 coninianatum, ii, 518 dendroidcum, ii, 518 Selago, i, 178 ; ii, 518 Lycopus europaius, i, 05 Lyeiha, ii, 331, 3i5,3ol ciispa, ii, 333 Lygodium, i, 140 Lyousia, ii, 232, 238 Ly&ionotus, ii, 585, 593, 594, 598 serratus, ii, 598 ternifolia, ii, 598 Lysipoma, ii, 079 Lyssostylis, ii, 142 Lythrum. ii. 238 liylhrum Salicario, i, 08 Maba, i, 110; ii, 530 Alaeleaya cordatn, i, 270 note Mucradenia, ii, 095 lutrscens, ii, 095 Macromitrium, ii, 335 Macropodium, ii, 397 mvale, ii, 397 Madia, ii, 200 Mtcrua, i, 280«o/(j angolensis, i, 281 noie rigida, i, 280 sencgaiensis, i, 280 unidora, i, 281 note Ma!sa, i, 151 note AlagHolia, ii, 705 Maguoliaccffi, i, 12, 149 Maliernia, i, 03 Maize, i, 155, 100 Malaclira radiafa, i, 109, 105 !Malaguelta I'cppcr, i, 155 Malaxidcic, ii, 575 Malaxis, ii, 489 lilil'olia, ii, 480 Loesclii, ii, 489 nutans, ii, 488 paludosa, ii, 489 Malcomia, i, 272 ; ii, 407 littorea, ii, 407 Maleslierbia, i, 387 uc'e MalpigiiiaccH?, i, 105 Malvacero, i, 11, 20, 104, 109, 108, 288 ; ii, 013 Mammillaria, i, 549 Mangii'era, i, 112 Mangrove, i, 303 Manioj, i, 155, 100 Manisuris, ii, 554 Manteilia cylindriea, ii, 717 nidiforinis, ii, 717 Marantere, i, 49, 380; ii, 551 Marciiantia bemisphtcrica, i, 09 polymorpba, i, 09, 249 Maregravia, li, 357 Marigold, ii, 202 Marlea, ii, 322 barbata, ii, 534 begonilolia, ii, 532 Marsdenia, ii, 210 cinaresceus, ii, 211 clausa, ii, 211 erecta, ii, 212 rostrata, ii. 212 IM INDEX OF NAMKS OF PLANTS. 767 Murddcniu suavcolens, ii, 211 tiiicloriu, ii, 211 vclutiuii, ii, 211 viridilliira, ii, 211 Mai-blinliia, ii, 2l)7 note Mnrsilen r|iiadrit'oliu, i, 08 Matcica, ii, 215 Mathiolo, i, 272, 310 ; ii, 105 elliptica, i, 91 fcnestralis, ii, -lOO iiicann, ii, 105 odoratissimn, ii, 400 parviflora, ii, 400 sinuatn, ii, 400 tricuspidata, ii, 400 tristis, ii, 400 Matonia, ii, 542, 505 pectinuta, ii, 531, 542 Mazus, ii, 505 rugosus, ii, 505 Mcioncctes, i, 21 Meisarrhena tomcntosn, i, 93 Melaleuca, i, 19, 311 ; ii, 451 armillaris, ii, 453 Cajeputi, i, 19 calyciiia, ii, 455 coronata, ii, 454 cylindrica, ii, 710 decussata, ii, 454 densa, ii, 45(5 diosmii'olia, ii, 452 ericifolia, ii, 453 fulgens, ii, 455 geiiistit'olia, ii, 452 globil'era, ii, 452 gnidimfolia, ii, 454 Iiypcricirolia, ii, 455 incana, ii, 084 laiiceolata, ii, 710 laurina, ii, 450 Leueadendron, i, 19 ; ii, 451 linariiroliii, ii, 455 niyrtifolia, ii, 455 ucreifolia, ii, 450 nodosa, ii, 453 paludosa, ii, 451 pulcbella, ii, 454 salicifulia, ii, 450 scabra, ii, 454 squamea, ii, 453 squarrosa, ii, 455 striata, ii, 452 Btyphelioides, ii, 452 thymifolia, ii, 454 thy mo ides, ii, 452 Melaleuca uaiciiinta, ii, 431 viridillora, ii, 451 Mclanipodiuiii, ii, 2SI< ainericauutn, ii, 285 austrulc, ii, 2Slt iiumilo, ii, 2S4 longifoliuni, ii, 284 Mclananthera, ii, 291, 290 aspora, ii, 300, 307 Melantliacere, i, 29S, 299 note Mclatilliera, ii, 290 Mclnnthium punclatum, i, 298 Melastomacete, i, 110 Melastoma dccumbens, i, 110 octandra, i, 117 Melhania, ii, 509 Dcniiamii, i, 28*? Erytliroxylon, ii, 509 Mclaiioxvloii, ii, 509 Mciiaccip, i, 72, 123, 124, 149 Mclica, i, 50 Mclicocca, i, 108 Melicopc, i, Ki Alelocaclus, i, 549 Memecyloii, i, 118 Mcniocus, i, 205, 20S Meniscium, ii, 5(i(), 509 MeiiispermeoB, i, 379 ; ii, 052 Menoiivillea, i, 2()4 Mcrendcra, i, 298 Meriaiia, i, 118 Mertcnsia, i, 138 dichotoma, i, 140 note, 104 Mesembryanthemum, i, 04, 556 oequilatcrale, i, 43, 309 cordifoiluni, i, 55(5 crystaliinum, i, 550 nodiflorum, i, 550 papulosum, i, 550 Mesocli'a;na, ii, 5(59 Mcsodactylis deflexa, ii, 547 Mcsfotes, i, 125 Mclalasia, ii, 302 Mctviplcxis, ii, 22i Mctasteliiia, ii, 227, 229 Metrosideros, i, 19 quinqueiievvia, ii, 451 Mcycra, ii, 283 Micadaiiia, i, 295 Micraiidia, ii, 044 ternata, iij 044 Micranthus, i, 134 note Microcbloa elongata, ii, 533 Microcorys, i, 39 Microloma, ii. 227. 229 768 INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. Microlotna lineare, ii, 22S sajyittatum, ii, 228 Micropiis, ii, 285 Microstemiim, ii, 200, 208 Microtea, i, 139, 139 tioie Mikania clienopodifolia, i, 12S Millet, i, IGO Miltus, i, 139 note Mimetes, ii, 20, 30, 86, 186 capitulata, ii, 87 cucuUata, ii, 88, 190 divaricata, ii, 91 Harlogii, ii, 88, 190 Hibberlii, ii, 89 liirta, ii, 86, 191 Massoni, ii, 89 myrtitblia, ii, 90 pauciflora, ii, 87 purpurea, ii, 91 thymelaeoides, ii, 90 Minosa, i, 294 aspera, i, 110 caiicscens, i, 110 decipiens, ii, 446 Habbas, i, 288 nigricans, ii, 447 puDesceus, ii, 447 Sophorse, ii, 446 Sstellafa, i, 23 taxifolia, i, 290 note Mimose8B, i, 22, 110, 283 Miquelia, ii, 652, 653 cserulea, ii, 607 Mirbelia, ii, 435 dilatata, ii, 436 reticulata, ii, 435 Misodendron, i, 413 note Mitella grandiflora, ii, 522 Mitrasacme, i, 37 Mnesithea, ii, 553 Muium rostratum, i, 235 turgidum, i, 178, 235 Modecca, i, 150, 387 note ; ii, 686 australis, ii, 705 Molina, ii, 294 Molucella iiitegrifolia, i, 94 repanda, i, 94 scariosa, i, 94 MoiiPcline, i, 57 Moiiimia, i, 25 Moniniiptc, i, 25 Moukey Pepper, i, 161 Monuieria, i, 16 Mouniua, i, 14 Mouocaryum, i. 300 Mouodora Myrisfica, i, 162 note Monoj^ainia, ii, 276 Monoplnllea, ii, 595, 60S Horsfieltiii, ii, 60S Moquilea, i, 115 Mora:a, i, 559 Morinda, i, 131 Moringa, i, 294 Moringeoe, i, 294 Mosses, i, 469 Murucuia, i, 386 Musa, i, 156, 157 note sapientum, i, 154, 156 superba, i, 157 note Musanga, i, 138, 153 Musci, i, 66 Myagrum, ii, 371 arborescens, ii, 371 hispauicum, ii, 412 paniculatum, ii, 372 perenne, ii, 369 perfoliatum, ii, 371 rugosu.-i, ii, 369 sativum, ii, 386 saxatile, ii, 384 Myoporinse, i, 339 Myoporum, i, 40, 63 Myrianthus, i, 138 !Myrioneura nutans, ii, 534 Myriophyllum, i, 21, 22 Myristica, i, 381 Myrobroma fragrans, ii, 498 Mjrospernium, i, 127 note Myroxyloii, i, 127 note Myrsiiie, i, 150 note Myrsinese, i, 149, 293 ; ii, 536 Myrtacea, ii, 534 Myrtaceaj, i, 18, 20, 63, 75, US, 307, 311 Mystropetalon, i, 414 note Myzodendron, i, 413 note brachystacliyum, i, 413 note punctulatum, i, 413 note quadriflorum, i, 413 note Nama, i, 135 Nandina, i, 124 note NausiaLitn, ii, 651, 653 Napimoga, i, 120 Napoleona, i, 387, 388 note Nardus, ii, 553 Nasturtium, ii, 399 ampliibium, i, 68 ; ii, 399 officinale, ii, 399 N N N N N INDFA OF NAMES OF PLANTS. rm Nasturtium pyrenaicum, ii, 399 sagittatum, ii, 400 sylvestre, ii, 399 terrestre, ii, 399 Natter Wurtz, i, 211 Nauclea, i, 131 Wailichiana, ii, L'33 Neckera, ii, 335 lieteromaila, i, 09 pennata, i, 09 Neli Tali, ii, 445 Nelsonia, i, 134 Nemopliila, ii, 519 Neotteee, i, 53S Neottia, ii, 481 acanlis, ii, 4S1 cernua, ii, 482 data, ii, 481 glandulosa, ii, 482 miner, ii, 482 orchioides, ii, 481 picta, i, 501 ; ii, 481 pubescens, ii, 481 repens, ii, 481 speciosa, ii, 481 spiralis, ii, 482 Nepenthes, i, 77, 380, 449; ii, 357 Nepeta azurea, i, 94 indica, ii, 503 virginica, ii, 504 Nephioilium, i' 01, 140; ii, 509 fragrans, ii, 518 rufldulum, ii, 518 Neriiim, ii, 233, 242, 080 antidysentericum, ii, 243, 244 coronarium, ii, 242 divaricatum, ii, 242 obesum, ii, 2i2 odorum, ii, 242 Oleander, ii, 242, 243 saliciuum, ii, 242 Zeylanicum, ii, 242, 243, 244 Nety, i, 289 Neuracline, i, 58 alopecuroides, i, 337 Mitchelliana, i, 337 paradoxa, i, 330 Neurada prostrata, i, 288 Neurocarpaia, i, 131 lanceolata, i, 94 Neuroleena, ii, 299 Nicandra, i, 133 Nicotiana, i, 158 Austraiasiir, i, 15S u,ndulata, i, 158 Niphobolus, ii, 568 Nisa, i, 120 Nitta, i, 289 Nivenia, ii, 20, 30, 110, 187 capitata, ii, 115 crithmifolia, ii, 113 Lagopus, ii, 114 marginata, ii. 111 media, ii, 113 moUissima, ii, 114, 187 parvifolia, ii, 112 sceptrum, ii. 111 spathulata, ii. 111 spicata, ii, 112 Notoceras, ii, 404 canariensis, ii, 404 mollis, ii, 274 Nupliar, i, 379 «o/ Candelabrum, i, 153 Paniceee, i, 57, 145, 300 ; ii, 553, 572 Panicum, i, 55, 57, 146 crus-galli, i, 68, 165 ovale, i, 93 turgidum, 1, 303 Papaver nudicaule, i, 178, 190, 379 note radicatum, i, 190 PapaveracejT, i, 190, 272, 559 Papaw, i, 154, 155, 156, 158 Papilionaceae, i, 23, 2i, 209, 295, 339 Pappophorum, i, 55 Paranomus, ii, 110 Parinarium, i, 115 Parkeria, ii, 570 Parkia, i, 289 africana, i, 290 note Parmelia caperata, i, 69 conspersa, i, 69 olivacea, i, 69 parietiua, i, 69 physodes, i, 69 plumbea, i, 69 stellaris, i, 69 Parnassia, i, 559 Paronychia sedifolia, i, 94 Paropsia, i, 121, 387 note Parrya, i, 195, 268, 271, 272 note arctica, i, 196 macrocarpa, i, 197 Parsonsia, ii, 232, 237, 238 Paspalum, i, 55, 57 Passalia, i, 123 Passiflorese, i, 121, 149, 280, 282, 384, 386, 392 Passura, i, 123 Patrisia, i, 125 PauUinia, i, 164 japonica, i, 107 pinnata, i, 107, 165, 172 Pavetta, ii, 269 note canescens, ii, 534 coDgesta, i, 93 P lucens, ii, 533 mollis, ii, 534 nauchleiflora, ii, 533 polyantha, ii, 533 reflexa, i, 93 Pavetta weberipfolia, ii, 534 Pavonia, i, 25, 04 Pedicularis arctica, i, 213, 253 hirsuta, i, 178 Langsdorfii, i, 253 sudetica, i, 214, 253 Peganum, i, 16 Pelargonium, i, 64 abyssinicurh, i, 95, 163 Peliosanthes Teta, i, 302 ; ii, 695 Peltaria, ii, 374 alliacea, ii, 374 Peltidea aphthosa, i, 251 canina, i, 09 Penaja, i, 04 Pennisetum dichotomum, i, 302 glaucum, i, 08 villosum, i, 93 Pentadactylon, ii, 133 Pentadynamis, i, 325 incana, i, 325 Peutaloba sessilis, i, 123 Pentapetes Erythroxylon, ii, 509 Pentatropis cynanchoides, i, 9 !• Peperomia, i, 150 Pergularia, ii, 6, 210, 212, 237 edulis, ii, 212 glabra, ii, 212 Japonica, ii, 212 minor, ii, 212 odoratissima, ii, 212 purpurea, ii, 212 Periploca, i, 134; ii, 19S, 231 august ifolia, ii, 231 capsularis, ii, 238 emetica, ii, 230 esculeuta, i, 105; ii, 219 gra;ca, ii, 231 indica, ii, 230 laevigata, ii, 231 Secanione, ii, 230 sylvestris, ii, 214 tunicata, ii, 222 Periploce«e, i, 4()9 ; ii, 230 Peripterygium quinquelobum, ii, (').")5 Perotis latifolia, i, 165 Persoonia, i, 116, 339; ii, 11, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 24, 37, 133 articulata, ii, 137 elliptica, ii, 137 falcata, ii, 136 flexifolia, ii, 135 furruginea, ii, 136 framinea, ii, 137 irsuta, ii, 134 772 INDEX OF NAMES OP PLANTS. Persoonia juniperina, ii, 134 lanceolata, ii, 136 latifolia, ii, 136 * laurina, ii, 136 linearis, ii, 134 longifolia, ii, 137 lucida, ii, 135 microcarpa, ii, 134 mollis, ii, 134 nutans, ii, 135 pinifolia, ii, 134 prostrata, ii, 136 salicina, ii, 136 scabra, ii, 135 spathulata, ii, 135 teretifolia, ii, 133 virgata, ii, 135 Petalonia, i, 118 Petalostemma chenopodii, i, 94 Petalostylis, i, 328 labicheoides, i, 328 Petiveria, i, 139 Petrobium, ii, 292 note, 314 Petrocallis, i, 268 ; ii, 386 pyrenaica, ii, 386 Pelrophila, i, 310; ii, 11, 17, 35, 55, 723 acicularis, ii, 56 diversifolia, ii, 57, 723 filifolia, ii, 56, 57 pedunculata, ii, 57 pulchella, ii, 56 rigida, ii, 56 squamata, ii, 57 teretifolia, ii, 56 trifida, ii, 57 Feziza scutellata, i, 70 Phaca astragalina, i, 209 Phacelia, ii, 519 parviflora, ii, 520 Phala;nopsis, ii, 576 amaoilis, ii, 576 Phalaridse, ii, 571 Phascum, i, 247 alternifolium, i, 348 bryoides, i, 247 curvicollum, i, 248 flexuosum, i, 248 muticum, i, 69 Phaseolus, i, 154 Phaylopsis, i, 13 Phebalium, i, 17 Phelvpsea sanguinea, i, 429 Philydrum, i, 48, 53; ii, 357 lanuginosum, i, 53 Philydrum pygmieum, i, 53 Fbippsia, i, 219 algida, i, 220 Phlebodium, ii, 5o7 Phleum alpinum, i, 67 Phragmites, i, 58 Pliyhca, i, 26 Phyllanthus, ii, 279 note Phyilocladus, i, 460 Physcia islandica, i, 251 Physematium moile, ii, 546 Pliysiphora, i, 123 Phytocrene, ii, 651, 652 Phytccrenese, ii, 652 Phytolacca, i, 139 abyssinica, i, 139 Phytolacceic, i, 138 Piaranthus, ii, 200, 206 pulla, ii, 206 punctata, ii, 206 Picris hieracioides, i, 68 Pileanthus, i, 76 Pilocarpus, i, 16 Pilostyles, i, 414 «o'.i, 424, 430 Berterii, i, 430 Blanchetii, i, 430 Calliandrse, i, 431 Pimelea, ii, 16 Pine apples, i, 154, 155 Pinus, i, 47, 455 Piper ^thiopicum, i, 105, 101 caudatum, i, 150 Cubeba, i, 150 Piperacese, i, 138, 149, 452 Piptocarpha, ii, 299 note Pisonia morindifolia, ii, 534 Pistia Stratiotes, i, 164, 166, 169, 298 Pittosporese, i, 13, 63 Pittosporum, i, 13 revolutum, ii, 268 note Plagiloba, i, 272 Plagiopoda, ii, 146 Planta Aphyteja, i, 416 Plautago, ii, 281 Plantain, i, 154, 156 Platylobium, i, 25 ; ii, 436 furmosuni, ii, 436 lanceolatum, ii, 438 microphyllum, ii, 438 ovatum, ii, 438 parviflorum, ii, 437 Scolopendrium, ii, 437 triangulare, ii, 437 Platypetalum, i, 192, 193 dubium, i, 193, 253 INDEX OK NAMES OF PLANIVS. 773 Platypetalum purpurascens, i,192, 35J^ Platystemma, li, 595, 608 Platyzo:na, i, 59 Pleopeltis, ii, 500, 567 Pleuraudra, i, 12 acerosa, ii, 704 bracteata, ii, 708 cinerea, ii, 703 furfuracea, ii, 70;> nitida, ii, 703 parviflora, ii, 703 pedunculata, ii, 701 riparia, ii, 704 scabra, ii, 704 sericea, ii, 703 stricta, ii, 704 Pleurogramina, ii, 569 Pieuropogon, i, 220 Sabinii, i, 226, 256 Pleurothallis, i, 515 ; ii, 491 ruscifolia, ii, 491 Pluchea Bentex, ii, 711 Piumbagineae, i, 297 Plumbago eglandulosa, i, 94 Plumeria, ii, 247 Poa, i, 221 abbreviata, i, 223, 255 alpina, ii, 515 angustata, i, 223, 255 arctica, i, 224 ciliaris, i, 105 crocata, ii, 515 flexuosa, i, 225 laxa, i, 177, 224, 225 Poacese, i, 58, 145, 228, 300 ; ii, 553 Podaiyria, ii, 422, 423 alba, ii, 423 argentea, ii, 424 aurea, ii, 421 australis, ii, 423 biflora, ii, 424 bracteata, i. Ill calyptrata, ii, 424 capensis, ii, 422 cordata, ii, 424 fenistoides, ii, 422 irsuta, ii, 424 lupinoides, ii, 421 myrtillifolia, ii, 423 sericea, ii, 424 tinctoria, ii, 423 Podocarpus, i, 44, 47, 455, 460 alpina, ii, 707 autillarum, ii, 707 asplenifolia, i, 47 Podocarpus cupressiaa, ii, 701) elata, ii, 707 ensifolia, ii, 706 falcata, ii, 707 Horsfieldii, ii, 533 latilolia, ii, 707 Nageia, ii, 706 polystachya, ii, 706 spicata, ii, 707 spinulosa, ii, 707 ttiuyoides, ii, 707 Podocarya, ii, 717 Podocoma, i, 329 acuminata, ii, 462 cuneifolia, i, 329 Podolepis, ii, 461 rugata, ii, 461 Podolobium, ii, 425 trilobatum, ii, 425 Podophyllum, i, ] 24 note Podopogon, ii, 572 Podostemon Wallicbii, ii, 533 Podostigma, i, 520 Pcecilodermis, ii, 037, 638 Pogonia, ii, 485 divaricata, ii, 485 Pohlia, i, 236 arctica, i, 230 bryoides, i, 236 purpurascens, i, 237 Poiretia linearis, ii, 440 Polanisia, i, 273 Polemoniaceaj, i, 135 Polemonideee, i, 65 Polenionium dubium, ii, 520 Polygala abyssinica, i, 95 linearis, i, 95 Polygalcae, i, 13, 16, 63, 125, 282, 291, 380 Polygamia congregata, ii, 270 segregata, ii, 276 Polygonese, i, 138, 214 Polygonum sinuatum, i, 94 viviparum, i, 214 Polyosma Cunninghaniii, ii, 708 Polypodiacese, ii, 525 Polypodium, i, 100 ; ii, 205 arvonicum, ii, 254 aureum, ii, 507 decumanum, ii, 507 Dipteris, ii, 562 diversifolium, ii, 566 Dryopteris, ii, 518 Horsfieldii, ii, 531, 5()2 hyperboreum, ii, 252 -1 wi^m 174, INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. [1 I'l Polypodium ilvense, ii, in'i lycopodioides, ii, 5Gfi melauopus, ii, 531 piiymatodes, ii, 54.'}, 5GG propiiiquum, ii, 5!{l quercifolium, ii, 5G0 spinuiosum, i, 8.'i vulj:;are, ii, 518, 570 Wallicliii, ii, 531, 5G2 Polystichum, ii, 5C9 Polytoca, ii, 574 bracteata, ii, 574 Polytriclioidese, ii, 33G, 351 Polytrichum, i, 348 ; ii, 331, 345, 349, 351 alpinum, i, 234 ; ii, 33G auG^ustatum, ii, 338 brevifoliutn, i, 233 commune, i, 233 ; ii, 339 hyperboreum, i, 233 junipeiinum, i, 178 Icevigatum, i, 234 ; ii, 337, 340 magellanicum, ii, 337 microstomum, ii, 339 piliferum, i, 233 propiiiquum, i, 233 septentrioiiale, i, 234 suorotundum, ii, 338 undulatum, ii, 336, 338, 340 urnigerum, ii, 339 Pomaderris, i, 2G Pomax, i, oG, 132 Pombalia, i, 122 . Pontliieva, ii, 482 glandulosa, ii, 482 Portlandia, ii, 268 Portulaca oleracea, i, 68 Potalia, i, 133 Potamogeton crispum, i, G8 gramineum, i, G6, 68 uataus, i, 68 perfoliatum, i, G8 Potentilla anseriua, i, 68 Brauiiiana, i, 178 frigida, i, 178,209 groenlandica, i, 178, 209 liirsuta, i, 209 Jamesoniana, i, 209 macranllia, i, 209 iiivea, i, 208 pulciiella, i, 178, 208 sericca, i, 178, 208 Vahliana, i, 209 verna, i, 209 ' . Poterium, ii, 279 Poupartia, i, 112 Prestonia tomentosa, ii, 241 Piimulacea*, i, 151 note, 293; ii, 315, 581, 586 Priouopieris, ii, 531 Proserpinaca, i, 21 Prosopis, i, 22 Prostantlicra, i, 39 Protea, ii, 10, 14, 15, 20, 24, 26, 29, 35, 40, GO, 185, 272 abrotanifolia, ii, 103, 186 abyssinica, i, 163 ; ii, 70 acaulis, ii, 28, 72 acerosa, ii, 78 acufera, ii, 58 acuifolia, ii, 71 adscendens, ii, 104 alba, ii, 4G alopeceuroides, ii, 111 amplexicaulis, ii, 77 anemonifolia, ii, 59 anetliifolia, ii, 58 angustata, ii, 73 angustifolia, ii, 70 arcuat.a, ii, 47 ; /3, ii, 47 argentea, ii, 12, 24, 25, 27, 30, 31, 42; ftii, 50 argcntiflora, ii, 108 aulacea, ii, 40 barbata, ii, 64 bracteata, ii, 40 bruniades, ii, 46 csespitosa, ii, 76 canalicaiata, ii, 72 cancellata, ii, 28, 30 candicans, ii, 83, 187 caudata, ii, 124, 125 Cliamelsea, ii, 48 cinerea, ii, 45, 46 coccinea, ii, 63 comosa, ii, 52. compacta, ii, 62 concava, ii, 187 coiiica, ii, 49 conifera, ii, 27, 28, 49 ; A, ii, 49 ; a, ii, 50 conocarpa, ii, 26, 28, 30, 31, 81 ; A, ii, 80 cordata, ii, 77 cordifolia, ii, 11 coronata, ii, 64, 65 corymbosa, ii, 4(» criniflora, ii, 85 crinita, ii, 85 cristatn, ii, 66 Mi^^t tAt^mm^^i^''!*'^:^^ INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. 775 Protea cucullata, ii, 88 ; fi, ii, 89 cyaiioides, ii, 1)7, 102 cynaroidcs, ii, Ol, 185 decumbens, ii, 100, 10-4 dichotoma, ii, 50, ISO divaricata, ii, 91, 1S5 elliptica, ii, 80 eloncata, ii, 73 floriaa, ii, 10-4 formosa, ii, 04, 80 fucifolia, ii, 50,183, 184 fusca, ii, 27, 45 glabra, ii, 184 glaucopiiylla, ii, 73 globosa, li, 47 giobularia, ii, 53 glomerata, ii, 28, 98, 101, 100, 109 grandiflora, ii, GO, 09, 185 Gustaviana, ii, 112 lieteropliylla, ii, 85 iiirta, ii, 30, 87 huniiflora, ii, 77 liumilis, ii, 77 liypophylia, ii, 31, 84 Hypophyliocarpodendron, ii, 84 imbricata, ii, 44, 118 incompta, ii, 07 incurva, ii, 52, 124 • lacticolor, ii, 03 luivis, ii, 74 Lugopus, ii, 113, 1 14 Janata, ii, 117 latitblia, ii, 01, 02 Laureola, ii, 47 Lepidocarpodeudroii, ii, 28 ; /3, ii, 04, GO licpidocarpon, ii, 05 Levisanus, ii, 28, 44, 45 linearis, ii, 79, 183 linifolia, ii, 183 longiilora, ii, 02, 08, 1S5 lorca, ii, 70 niacropiiylla, ii, 04 nielaleuca, ii, 05 ineliifera, ii, 13, 08 niucronitblia, ii, 70 myrtifolia, ii, 90 nana, ii, 71, 73 nectarina, ii, 158 neriifolia, ii, 00 obliqua, ii, 42 ; /3, ii, 17 ; «, ii, 47 ochrolcuca, ii, iV6 odorata, ii, 184 Protea odoratiasiina, ii, 7 1 pallcns, ii, 28, 48, 49 parviflora, ii, 28, 40 patens, ii, 07 patula, ii, 100 pediincuiata, ii, 98 pendula, ii, 71 pliylicoides, ii, 99, 100 pinifolia, ii, 39 pinnata, ii, 90 plumosa, ii, 42 procumbens, ii, 104 prolifera, ii, 122 prostrata, ii, 187 pubera, ii, 82 pulcliella, ii, 50, GO purpurea, ii, 27,91 racemosa, ii, 25, 121, 122 repens, ii, 75, 77 revoluta, ii, 73 rosacea, ii, 71 saligna,ii,25, 27,28,50, 51 scabra, ii, 74 Sceptrum, ii. Ill, 112 Scolopendrium, ii, 70 Scolymus, ii, 70 sericea, ii, 53 Serraria, ii, 20, 108 spatliulata, ii. 111, 1 12 speciosa, ii, 28, 03, GO, 07 speciosa nigra, ii, 05 sphtcrocepliala, ii, 97, 103, 180; A, ii, 98 spicata, ii, 112, 113 strobilina, ii, 28, 47, 184 tenax; ii, 72 tenuifolia, ii, 74 tcretifolia, ii, 52 thyrsoides, ii, 109 tomentosa, ii, 83 torta, ii, 45 totta, ii, 28, 79 tridact.ylites, ii, 59 tritcrnata, ii, 108, 180 turbiniflora, ii, 70 vestita, ii, 80 viilosa, ii,100, ISO villosiuscula, ii, 82 virgata, ii, 78 Proteacese, i, 21, 30, 40, 03, 80, 81, 307, 310, 339, 449, 501 ; ii, 5, 271, 317 Protete, ii, 9 Prcstonia, ii, 233, 241 Primulaceue, i, 297 ^mmm 776 INDEX OP NAMES OF PLANTS. Prunella vulgaris, 1, 68 Psilotum, ii, 722 Psilurus, ii, 553 Psoralea, i, 322 Psycliotria, i, 131 Ptelidium, i, 107 Pteranthus, ii, 5J<3 Pteria, i, 140 ; ii, 250 crispa^ ii, 525 esculenta, i, 309 gracilis, ii, 518 tiialictroides, ii, 52G Pterocarpus, i, 106, 111, 290 Ecastopliyllum, i, 111, 165, 172 eriiiacea, i, 290 lunatus, i. Ill, 165, 172 senegalensis, i, 200 Pterocymbium, ii, 611, 6 11 javanicum, ii, Oil Pterogonium declinatum, i, 354 Pterolobiuni lacerans, i, 94 Pterostylis, ii, 486, 549 obtusa, ii, 486 Pterygodium, ii, 480 Volucris, ii, 480 Pterygota, ii, 620, 638 alata, ii, 639 Pterygynandrum, ii, 345 Ptilotus latifolius, i, 336 Ptychocarpa, ii, 144 PtycLocarya, ii, 532 Ptychostomum pulcliellutn, i, 237 Pulicaria aromatica, i, 95 involucrata, i, 95 viscida, i, 95 Pultensea, ii, 433 acerosa, ii, 709 biloba, ii, 070 daphnoides, ii, 433 ericoides, ii, 430 flexilis, ii, 434 hispidula, ii, 709 illicifolia, ii, 425 linopliylla, ii, 43)} nana, ii, 425 obcordata, ii, 433 retorta, ii, 431 retiisa, ii, 433 rigida, ii, 709 rubi£efolia, ii, 430 scabra, ii, 433 stipularis, ii, 434 tenuifolia, ii, 670 vcstita, ii, 434, 670 villosa, ii, 434 Pultenaea viacosa, ii, 709 ' Pumpkins, i, 154 Pupalia, ii, 544 Pycnanthcmum, ii, 503 aristatum, ii, 504 incanutn, ii, 503 virginicuin, ii, 504 Pycnospora, ii, 708 hedysaroides, ii, 708 Pyrenacantha, ii, 052, 053 Pyrelhrum, ii, 691 Pyrola rotundifolla, i, 177 Quadria, ii, 138 heterophylla, ii, 139 Quinchamalium, i, 137 Quirivelia Zeylanica, ii, 236 Kacomitrium lanuginosuni, i, 238 Kaffleaia, i, 374, 558 ; ii, 358 Arnoldi, i, 374, 401, 415, 424; ii, 724 Cumingii, 405 no(e, 425 ; ii, 724 Horsfieldii, i, 390 note, 425 Manillaua, i, 405 fio/e, 425 Patma, i, 402, 424 ; ii, 724 Titan, i, 415 Rafllesise, i, 424 Rafflesiaceo;, i, 423 Rafnia perfoliata, ii, 423 retusa, ii, 439 llamalina i'asti^iata, i, 70 fraxinea, i, 70 liauunculacea!, i, 05, 188, 318 Ranunculus afiinis, i, 189, 253 auricomus, i, 189, 253 collinus, ii, 703 Irigidus, i, 188 glacialis, i, 1/8 hyperboreus, i, 189 inundatus, ii, 703 Laxmanni, i, 188 nivalis, i, 188, 253 plebeius, ii, 703 Pumilio, ii, 703 pygniaius, i, 188 Sabinii, i, 189, 253 sessiliflorus, ii, 703 t>mit,hii, i, 188 sulphureus, i, 178, 188 Willdenovii, i, 188 Rapliauus, ii, 412 erucoides, ii, 410 niarilimus, ii, 412 Raphanislrum, ii, 413 '^■^ijr.:''m-r INDEX 01' NAMES OF PLANTS. 777 Raphanus sativus, ii, 412 tenellus, ii, 413 Kaphia vinifera, i, 142, 153, 154 Rapinia berbacea, i, 171 note liapiistruin, ii, 372 BBgjptiacuin, ii, 372 paniculatum, ii, 372 rugosum, ii, 319 Ilatzburgia, ii, 552 pulchella, ii, 652 Kavenala, i, 157 noie Red Snow, i, 178 Red Water Tree, i, 153 Reevesia Wallicbii, ii, 032 Reiniaria, i, 67 Renanthera coccinea, i, 548 Reseda, i, 363 odorata, i, 284 peduiiculata, i, 94 propiuqua, i, 281 sufiruticulosa, i, 281 undata, i, 281 ResedaceCB, i, 65, 272, 273, 281 Restiacese, i, 62, 53, 54, 03, 339 ; ii, 27S Rhabdotliamnus, ii, 594, 595, 608 Solandri, ii, G08 Rhamnacca? ii, 537 Rhamnete, i, 12, 13, 20, 27, 1 14, 120 Rhamnus, i, 20 inebriaiis, i, 94 Rhaphis, i, 302 Rlieum, i, 214 digynum, i, 215 Rhexia, i, 116 Rhinantliaceae, i, 14 Riiinaiitbetc, ii, 580 Rbincoglossum obliquuin, ii, 577 Rhizopbora, i, 20, 119, 304, 381 setil'ormis, i, 70 Rbizopborece, i, 20, 119 Rhodolaena, i, 108 Rhodoracere, i, 109 Rbopala, ii, 13. 15, 18, 21, 22, 38, 160, 532 cocbinchineusis, ii, 101 dentata, ii, 162 diversifoiia, ii, 102 media, ii, 101 moiuccana, ii, 101 montana, ii, 100 uitida, ii, 101 peruviana, ii, 162 serrata, ii, 102 sessilifulia, ii, 103 Rbus, i, 112 Rhyncbotbecum, ii, 009 , \ ', Riania, i, 123 Ribes, ii, 522 Riccia fluitans, i, 09 glauca, i, 09 natans, i, 09 Rice, i, 101 Ricbea, ii, 280 glauca, ii, 280 Richceia, i, 119 Ricinus, ii, 279 Ricotia, i, 204 j ii, 390 aigyptiaca, ii, 390 Riuorea, i, 123 Ritcliica, i, 279 Rivina, i, 139, 104 octandra, i, 139 note Robergia, i, 112 Robinia subdecandra, ii, 421 Roccella, i, 252 fuciformis, i, 09, 105 Robria, i, 120 Rolandra, ii, 274 jlondeletia febril'uga, i, 131 Ropala nitida, ii, 161 liamelicefolia, ii, 103 Roridula, i, 94 paradoxa, i, 94 parviflora, i, 94 Rosa abyssinica, i, 94 Rosacea, ii, 530 Rosacea}, i, 05, 77, 109, 115, IJO, 288, 291 ; ii, 350 Rottbolliaccffi, ii, 553 Rotlbollia Cceloraciiis, ii, 553 perforata, ii, 553 lloupaia, ii, 100 montana, ii, 101 piunata, ii, 188 sessilifolia, ii, 103 Rourea, i, 112 Rubiacea;, i, 30, 37, 104, 130, 295 ; ii, 14, 195, 209 note, 314, 588 fioie, 087 Rubus compar, i, 94 Ruellia balsaniea, i, 135 Blecbum, ii, 500 cristata, ii, 506 infundibuliformis, ii, 505 uliginosa, i, 135 liuizia, i, 25 Rulingia, ii, 671, 072 Rumcx, i, 214 digynus, i, 177, 215 778 INDEX OK NAMES OF PLANTS. Rupala inontana, ii, 101 Ruta, i, 1(» Rutacea, i, "iSS Ryania, i, 121, 387 note Saccharum, i, 57, 1 10 Sadoo, i, !) 1 Safu, i, 112, 151., 100 Sagonea palustris, i, 135 Sacus Palma-phius, i, 142 Salacia, i, 107 Salicariee, i, 120 Salisburia, i, 400 Salix arctica, i, 178, 215 curviflora, ii, 292 hirsuta, ii, 21)2 oleifolia, i, 379 note scanderm, ii, 2'J2 Salmoa, ii, 291, 317 Salomonia, i, 14 Saltia, ii, 543, 544, 5 15 abyssiiiica, i, 94 ; ii, 540 Salvia abyssiiiica, i, 93 Salvia;, i, 380 Saniolus, i, 05, 151 note, 293, 397 ebracteatus, i, 297 Valerandi, i, OS, 297 Samydea;, i, 122, 120 ; ii, 535, 530, 537 Santalaceo!, i, 20, 41, 44, 130, 413 note, 501 Santalum, i, 42 Saiitolina, ii, 26, 287, 291 Sapindacea;, i, 107 ; ii, 537, 659 Sapindus, i, 107 Sapotese, i, 295 Sapria, i, 420 Himalayana, i, 420 Sarcocephalus, i, 153, 155 Sarcolobus, ii, 214 Sarcophyte, i, 389 Sarcostemnia, ii, 220 Sarcostigma, ii, 648, 051 Horsfieldii, ii, 048 Sarmienta, ii, 586 Sarracenia, ii, 357 Satureja ovata, i, 94 punctata, i, 94 Satyrium, i, 504 ; ii, 479 albidum, ii, 477 carneum, ii, 480 cucullatum, ii, 479 bians, ii, 694 bircinum, ii, 474 uigrum, ii, 476 Satyrium pustulatum, i, 497 repens, ii, 481 viridis, ii, 470 Saururiis, i, 452 Savignya, i, 205 note, 27 1 iljgyptiaca, i, 202 Saxifraga, i, 201 bulbifera, i, 205 C'vspilosa, i, 177, 205, 254 cornua, i, 177, 205 flagcllaris, i, 177, 202 foliolosa, i, 205 Uirculus, i, 177, 202 • iiyperborea, i, 204 longiscapa, i, 205 Livalis, 1, 204 oppositifolia, i, 177, 201 petiolaris, i, 177, 204 propinqua, i, 1 71, 202 rivularis, i, 177, 20 1 setigcra, i, 177, 202 stellaris, i, 205 tricuspidata, i, 177, 203 uniflora, i, 204, 254 veiiosa, i, 204 Saxifrageaj, i, 20, 05, 182 note, 201 ; ii, 522 Scabiosa, ii, 275, 278, 315 atropurpurea, ii, 278 succisa, ii, 278 Scffivola, i, 34 depauperata, i, 331 Sealia jaceoides, ii, 402 Scapbium, ii, Oil Scbistostega pennata, ii, 344 Scbivereckia, i, 265 Scbizopetalon, ii, 097 Scblotbeiinla, ii, 335 Scbccnus nemorum, i, 54 Scbwenckia, i, 104 amcricana, i, 105, 107 Scitamineoe, i, 49, 53, 59, 380, \:yl. 501 ; ii, 317, 548, 550 Scirpus, i, 300 cffispitosus, ii, 513 lacustris, 1, 08; ii, 513 maritimus, i, 68 ; ii, 513 iTiucronatus, i, 68 palustris, ii, 513 sylvaticus, ii, 514 triqueter, i, 08 Scleracbne, ii, 573 punctata, ii, 573 Selena macrocarpa, ii, 532 Sclerotliamnus, ii, 432 INDEX OF NAMES OV PLANTS. 779 ScleroUiamnus niicrophyllus, ii, ■i'ii Scolopendrium, i, (10 Scolyinocephalus, ii, HO, 19 Scoparia dulcis, i, Ifli, 107 ScoUia, i, 25 ; ii, 4;{S dciittttfi, ii, VM Scrophuluriiui', i, 183, 213, 290, 532 ; ii, 5S5 Secamoiie, ii, 229 Securidaca, i, 14, 291 Sectzenia afiicana, i, 286 Seguieria, i, 139 Seliiguea, ii, 500 Semecarpus, i, 43, 112 Sempervivum tectorum, i, 379 /lo/e Senna obovata, i, 294 Senra, i, 317 Seusitivffi, i, 114 St-rapias, ii, 478 cordiirera, ii, 478 ensifolia, ii, 484 fjrandiflora, ii, 484 atifolia, ii, 484 Lingua, ii, 478 palustris, ii, 484 rubra, ii, 485 Sergilus, ii, 293 Serpicula, i, 21 Serraria, ii, 92 Serratula tinctoria, ii, 301 noie Serruria, ii, 14, 15, 17, 19, 30, 92, 180 acrocarpa, ii, 92, 180 adscenaens, ii, 104 ffiinula, ii, 103 Aitoni, ii, 94 arenaria, ii, 90 Bergii, ii, 180 Burmanni, ii, 107 candicans, ii, 107, 187 ciliata, ii, 101 compar, ii, 107 congesta, ii, 101, 180 critlimifolia, ii, 109 cyanoides, ii, 90 cygnea, ii, 92 decipiens, ii, 100, 107 decumbens, ii, 104 diffusa, ii, 95 elevata, ii, 94 elongata, ii, 109 flagellaris, ii, 105 florida, ii, 104 foeniculacea, ii, 101 furcellata, ii, 97 Serruria giabcrrinia, ii, 92 f'lmerata, ii, 100 liirsuta, ii, 99, 180 nitidn, ii, 102 Niveni, ii, 100 pedunculata, ii, 98, 180 phylicoidcs, ii, 103 Kinnata, ii, 95 Loxburgbii, ii, 107 rubrioaulis, ii, 105 scariosa, ii, 97 scopariu, ii, 98 simplicilblia, ii, 95 squarrosa, ii, 102 Stilbe, ii, 99 tritcrnata, ii, 103 viliosa, ii, 100 SesameiB, i, 295 Sesamum pterospermum, i, 94, 295 Sesban, ii, 443 St'sbania, ii, 443 acuieata, ii, 443 segyptiaca, ii, 443 grandiflora, ii, 443 Slica Tree, i, 295 Shrubby llolcus, i, 154, 100 Sida, i, 109 acuminata, i, 95 gracilis, i, 95 juncea, i, 105 niicropetala, ii, 709 pannosa, i, 95 periplo''ifolia, i, 105, 171 Sideroxytum, i, 296 Sieversia, i, 20(5 bumilis, i, 253 Rossii, i, 207, 253 Silene, i, 285 acaulis, i, 177 Siliquaria arabica, i, 275 giandulo8a, i, 94; ii, 415 Silpbium trifoliatum, ii, 203 Simsia, i, 41 ; ii, 15, 17, 18, 37, 120 anethifolia, ii, 127 tenuitblia, ii, 127 Sinapis, ii, 410 alba, ii, 410 Allionii, ii, 410 arvensis, ii, 410 chinensis, ii, 411 erucoides, ii, 411 frutescens, ii, 411 bispanica, ii, 412 incana, ii, 412 juncea, ii, 411 I >' m .1 780 INHKX OV NAMES OF PLANTS. Biuapis Iccrigatn, ii, 11 1 millefolia, ii, 402 muralis, ii, 412 ni;];ra, ii, Ml oricntalis, ii, 410 pubcsccns, ii, II i pyronaica, ii, 401 tenuifolia, ii, 411 Siphonanthiis an^ustiroiiii, ii, 501) indica, ii, 509 Siphonia, ii, '270 Sisymbrium, ii, 400 altissimum, ii, 401 ampliibium, ii, 300 arenosum, ii, 30(» asperum, ii, 401 austriiicum, ii, 401 ColuinnEC, ii, 400 Irio, ii, 400 Loeselii, ii, 398 millefolium, ii, 402 molle, ii, 400 moiiense, ii, 409 muraie, ii, 412 Nasturtium, i, 279 ; ii, 390 oflRcinalc, ii, 401 orientale, ii, 400 palustre, ii, 399 pannonicum, ii, 401 polyceratiuiii, ii, 401 pyrcnaicum, ii, 399 sagittatum, ii, 400 sinapoides, ii, 401 Sophia, ii, 402 supinum, ii, 401 strictissimum, ii, 402 sylvestrc, ii, 399 tanacetifolium, ii, 402 tenuifolium, ii, 412 terrestre, ii, 399 Skitophyllum, ii, 334 Smcathmannia, i, 121, 150, 38G laevigata, i, 387 media, i, 387 pubescens, i, 387 Smitliia, ii, 444 sensitiva, ii, 444 Sobreya, ii, 284 Sodada decidua, i, 279 Solanacese, ii, 267 Solanum, i, 381 cinereum, i, 94 uncinatuni, i, 94 Solidago urticsefolia, ii, 280 Soliva, ii, 281 Boliva pcdiccllata, ii, 28 1 Sonchus oleraccus, i, OH sibiricus, ii, 203 Soncrila areata, ii, 533 granditlora, ii, 533 tcncra, ii, 533 Sophora, ii, 41!) alopecuroidcs, ii, 120 australis, ii, 423 ctrrulra, ii, 423 cordata, ii, 42 !■ flavcscens, ii, 420 japonica, ii, 420 juncca, ii, 429 lupiiioidcs, ii, 421 micropliylla, ii, 410 monosperma, ii, 420 occideiitalis, ii, 420 scricca, ii, 424 telraptern, ii, 410 tomentosa, ii, 420 Sorindcia, i, 112 Soroceplialus, ii, 30, 1 15 diversifolius, ii, lis imberbis, ii, 110 imbricatus, ii, 118 lanatus, ii, 117 salsoloides, ii, 110 setaceus, ii, 110 spatalioides, ii, 117 tenuifolia, ii, 117 South well ia, ii, 018 Sparmamiia, i, 108 Spatalla, ii, 14, 15, 17, 19, 20, 21, 30, 115, 119 bracteata, ii, 121 brevifolia, ii, 125 caudata, ii, 124 iucurva, ii, 124 laxa, ii, 121 mollis, ii, 119 nivea, ii, 120 pedunculata, ii, 120 polystaciiya, ii, 123 prolifera, ii, 117, 122 propinqua, ii, 124 pyramidalis, ii, 123 ramulosa, ii, 120 sericea, ii, 122 Thunbergii, ii, 125 Spermacoce, i, 131, 295 brachystema, ii, 711 lasiocarpa, ii, 531 longicaulis, ii, 531 mcmbranacea, ii, 711 J*\ ^w INDKX OF NAMK8 OP IM-ANT8. 781 Spcrmacoco purpureo-casruleo, ii, 711 raniosisninia, ii, 531 ittricta, ii, 5!U BufTruticosa, ii, 71 1 teiicra, ii, S.'H ttibultiris, ii, C31 Spcniiadictyon suuvcolens, ii, SSI SphiKria optiioglossoides, i, 70 Sphn.>rolobiiiin, ii, 420 grand iflorutn, ii, 70<.) medium, ii, 430 minus, ii, 430 vimineura, ii, 429 Sphairophoror compressum, i, 70 coralloidcs, i, 70 Sphrcropteris, ii, 540 Splin^nuin capillifolium, i, 09 S|»lii'Uocica zeylauica, i, 102, 165, 107, 170 Spbenojjyne, ii, 405 abrotanifoiiu, ii, 400 anthemoides, ii, 405 crillimiiblia, ii, 400 deutata, ii, 460 odorata, ii, 406 scariosa, ii, 406 Spilanthus, ii, 291, 317 arboreus, ii, 292 note atriplicifolius, ii, 290 tetrandrus, ii, 292 note Splacbncro, ii, 337 Splaclinum, i, 240; ii, 343, 347 angustatum, i, 243 ; ii, 337 arclicum, i, 243, 244, 253 exsertum, i, 245 Erselichiaaum, i, 241 longicollum, i, 241 luteum, ii, 337 magellauicum, i, 242 mmoides, i, 244, 240, 253 octoblepharum, i, 242 paradoxum, i, 245, 240 propinquum, i, 243, 244 rubrum, ii, 337 . squamosum, ii, 337 tenue, i, 241 vasculosum, i, 243 Wormskioldii, i, 241, 243, 256 Sporobolus coromandeliuuus, ii, 532 diander, ii, 532 Staavia, ii, 327 Stachjtarphcta cinerca, i, 93 indica, i, 130 Stack housia, i, 27, 03 Stsehelina, ii, 285 Slapelia. i, 64; ii. 0, 200, 206. 076 adnccndens, ii, 20S . ambigua, ii, 207 articulata, ii, 207 Astcrius, ii, 207 canipunulatn, ii, 200 cliincnsis, ii, 209 gcminata, ii, 207 giandulifera, ii, 207 guttata, ii, 206 liirsuta, ii, 207 Icpida, ii, 207 mixta, ii, 207 pcdunculata, ii, 207 pulla, ii, 206 punctata, ii, 206 rcvoluta, ii, 207 sororin, ii, 207 steliaris, ii, 207 tuberosa, ii, 075 varicgata, ii, 207 venusta, ii, 206 verrucosa, ii, 207 vctula, ii, 207 Statice Armcria, i, 297 Taxuuthema, i, 297 Stauiitouia, i, 37-> note un^^ustifolia, ii, 533 latifolia, ii, 533 Stauranthcra, ii, 582, 591, 595, 006 ccalcarata, ii, 007 gran di folia, ii, 607 Stelis, i, 515; ii, 491 niicrantha, ii, 491 ophioglossoides, ii, 491 Stellaria Edwardsii, i, 199, 254 nitida, i, 199, 254 Stellatffi, i, 30, 130 Stemodia, ii, 504 parviflora, ii, 504 Stenocarpua, i, 4J ; ii, 12, 38, 170 Forsteri, ii, 170 salignus, ii, 171 Sfenocbilus, i, 333, 339 curvipes, i, 334 f^laber, i, 334 ongifolius, i, 334 maculatus, i, 334 ochroleucus, i, 334 pubiflorus, i, 334 salicinuB, i, 334 Stenopetalum, i, 192 ; ii, 705 lineare, ii, 705 Sterculia, ii, 614, 626 i ■■I 782 INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. StercuHaabyssinica, i, 94 ; ii, 616, 627 acuminata, i, 153 ; ii, 618, (Mi alata, ii, 620, 639 angustifolia, ii, 622 note, 633 Balanghas, ii, 614,683 Gaudollei, ii, 636 caribeea, ii, 629 cartl»a>»inca8i9, ii, 622 note, 628 ceramica, li, 636 Chicka, ii, 628 coccinea, ii, 632 colorata, i, 363; ii, 618, 640 , comosa, ii, 631 cordata, ii, 631 cordifolia, ii, 620, 642 cuneata, ii, 634 cuspidata, ii, 635 ferruginea, ii, 634 foetida, ii, 614, 620, 622 noifi, 626 frondosa, ii, 629 fulgens, ii, 640 grandiflora, ii, 642 grandifolia, ii, 635 futtata, ii, 630 [elicteres, ii, 628 heteropbylla, ii, 641 insularis, ii, 635 Ivira, ii, 629 Jackiana, ii, 634 Javanica, ii, 631 Iffivis, ii, 632 lancesefolia, ii, 630 lauceolata, ii, 631 longifolia, ii, 631 macrocarpa, ii, 642 macropbylla, ii, 631 madagascariensis, ii, 630 inexicana, ii, 627 mollis, ii, 634 monoaperma, ii, 633 nitida li, 642 nobilis, ii, 622 nol/>, 633 oblongata, ii, 635 oblongifolia, ii, (542 (ibovata, ii, 636 'parviflora, ii, 635 parvifolia, ii, 631 platanifolia, i, 363 ; ii,'616, 639 polyphylla, ii, 626 populifolia, ii, 636, 639 propinqua, ii, 629 punctata, ii, 628 Funduana, ii, 632 pyriformis, ii, 640 quadriiida, ii, 622 note, 636 Sterculia Roxburghii, ii, 630 rubiginosa, ii, 634 rugosa, ii, 630 scaphii^era, ii, 640 Scaphium, ii, 640 Spanderi, ii, 632 stipufaris, ii, 635 striata, 629 surinamensis, ii, 630 tomentosa, ii, 616, 628, 640, 613 Tragacantlia;, ii, 622 note, 636 Triphaca, ii, 628 urceolata, ii, 036 urens, ii, 622 note, 627 versicolor, 627 verticillata, ii, 642 villosa, ii, 622 note, 623, 627 Wailichii, ii, 640 Sterculiaceffi, i, 11, 384, 388; ii. Oil Sterculicse, ii, 014, 620, 624 Stereocaulon pascliale, i, 70, 252 Stereoxylon, ii, 523 Sticta crocata, i, 69 pulmonacea, i, 69 scrobiculata, i, 09 Stigmaria Icoides, ii, 721 Stipa, i, 50 canadensis, ii, 514 juncca, ii, 514 StrelitziR, i, 157 note Streptocarpus, ii, 590, 594, 004 Bojeri, ii, OOi'' Helsingbergii, ii, 604 Kaniculata, ii, 004 ioxii, ii, 004 Thompsonii, ii, 60* Stroemia farinosa, i, 94, 276 longifolia, i, 94 rotundifolia, i, 94 Strophanthus, ii, 233, 243 Struchium americanum, i, 165 Sturtia, i, 317 gossypioides, i, 317 StylidcEE, i, 34, 03, i'39 ; ii, 269 note 312 Stylidiuni, i, 34 ; ii, 322, 532 adnatum, ii, 678 breviscapum, ii, 678 falcatum, ii, 678 fascicalatum, ii, 678 propinc[uum, ii, 678 Stypandra, i, 50 Styphelire, i, 38 Suag, i, 279 Subularia, i, 192, 254 ; ii, 384 Si S INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. rm (m p28, 640, 013 fioie, 636 fi23, 627 388; ii, 6ir 524 70, 252 i, 604 r, 165 i, 269 noie 32 84 Subularia aquatioa, ii, 384 Succowia, ii, 375 balearica, ii, 375 Sugar-cane, i, 154, 156 Sutlierlandia, ii, 442 frutescens, ii, 442 Symphionema, ii, 17, 37, 131 montanum, ii, 131 paludosum, ii, 13, 131 Sjmphoria, ii, 672 racemosa, ii, 672 Symphoricarpus, ii, 324, 542 Symplocese, i, 388 noie Symplocos, ii, 245 Synaphea, i, 41, 82, 381 ; ii, 11, 15, 17, 18, ?1, 37, 129 dilatata, i, 82 ; ii, 130 favosa, ii, 130 petioiaris, ii, 130 polymorplia, ii, 130 ruralis, i, 239 Syntricliia mucronifolia, i, 239 Systylium, i, 241, 247 ; ii, 337 Swainsona, ii, 441 coronillifolia, ii, 442 grandiflora, i, 323 ; ii, 441 Greyana, i, ?23, 324 Plaxa, i, 324 Swartzia capillacea, i, 238 Taberneemontana, ii, 242 TamariiiL, i, 154, 156 Tamariiidus indica, i, 154 Tamariscinea;. i, 288 Tamarix gallica, i, 285 Tapura,i, 126 guianeusis, i, 126 Targionia hypophylia, i, 69 Tasmannia, i, 64, 559 ; ii, 704 aromatica, ii, 704 dipetala, ii, 704 insipida, ii, 704 Taxantliemum attenuatum, i, 94 Taxus, i, 43, 137 Tayioria, ii, 337 Tchilli, i, 158 Teesdalia, ii, 378 nudicauiib, ii, 378 Teichostemma fruticosum, i, 95 Telanthera, i, 104 Teleozoma, ii, 526, 570 Teilima, ii, 522 Telopia, ii, 38, 106 spcciosissima, ii, 107 truncata, ii, 167 Templetonia, ii, 439 retusa, ii, 439 Terebintacese, i, 291 Terminalia, i, 20?; ii, 534 cycloptera, i, 94 volucris, ii, 710 Testudiuaria, i, 408 Tctracera, i, 12 Tetradia, ii, 637 Horsfieldii, ii, 637 ' Tetrameles, i, 285 Tetrapliis, ii, 337 pellucida, ii, 348 -^ Tetratlieca, i, 15, 381 Tetrathecacea*, i, 15 Thamuea, ii, 322 Thelira, i, 115 Tlielotrema lepadinutn, i, 69 Tbel^mitra, ii, 483 ixioides, ii, 483 Thcoplirasta, i, 151 note Thermopsis, ii, 421 lanceolata, ii, 421 Thesium, i, 137 Tiilaspi, i, 263, 271 ; ii, 376 alliaceum, ii, 377 alpestri , ii, 377 arveusc, ii, 370 Bursa-paftoris, ii, 377 .ampestre, ii, 382 ceratocarpon, ii, 377 montanum, ii, 377 perfoliatum, ii, 377 saxatile, ii, 376 Tlilaspidium, ii, 379 Tiioa, i, 453 Thompsonia, i, 387 note Tiionningia sanguinea, i, 414 note Tliottea, i, 384 grandiflora, i, 384 note Thunoergia angulata, i, 94 Thymeiese, i, 82,127; ii, 16, 31 Thymus virginicus, ii, 504 Thyrsine, i, 429 Ticorea, i, 10 Tiliacea;, i, 11, 108, 109 ; ii, 613, 046 Tiliandsia usneoides, i, 413 note Timmia cucuilata, i, 235 rncgapolitana, i, 235 Troesipteri3, ii, 722 Tobacco, i, 155, 156 Toluifera, i, 127 note Tomex glabra, i, 93 Tonina, i, 53 Toresia, i, 231 t 784 INDEX OF ITAMES OF PLANTS. Tortula mucronifolia, i; 239 ruralis, i, 239 Tradescantia, i, 532 vircinica, i, 513, 530 note Tremandra, i, 15 ; ii, 705 diffusa, ii, 705 stelligera, ii, 705 Tremandrese, i, 15, 03 Treinatodon, ii, 348 Tremella cruenJa, i, 178 Tribulopis, i, 319 angustifolia, i, 319 pentandra, i, 319 Solandri, i, 319 Tribulus Histrix, i, 318 occidentalis, i, 318 terrestris, i, 285 Trichodium, i, 55 algidum, i, 220 laxiflorum, ii, 514 Tricliomanes, i, 146: ii, 510 brevisetum, ii, 510 Trichosiphon, ii, 637, 638 Trichosporee, ii, 585 Trichosporum, ii, 585 Trichostomum, ii, 335, 348 canescens, i, 69 capillaceuni, i, 238 lanuginosum, i, 178, 237 Tricoccae, ii, 615 Tridax, ii, 283 procumbens, ii, 2S3 Triosteum, ii, 324, 542 Triplmca africana, ii, 628 Triplielia brunoides, ii, 708 Tripsacum, ii, 574 Triraphis molle, i, 302 pumilio, i, 302 pungeus, i, 302 Trisetum, i, 230 airoides, i, 231; ii, 514 subspicatum, i, 231; ii, 514 Tristania, i, 19 ; ii, 456 conferta, ii, 456 lamina, ii, 456 nereifolia, ii, 456 Tristemnia hirtum, i, 118 incompletum, i, 116 Triticum, ii, 277 Triumfetta deiiticulata, ii, 709 glaucescens, ii, 709 Tropseolum maius, i, 379 note, 557 Tronisdorffia, ii, 593, 594, 597 elongata, ii, 597 speciosa, ii, 599 Tubercularia vulgaris, i, 70 Turritis, ii, 397 alpina, ii, 396 arvensis, ii, 398 cserulea, ii, 395 ciliata, ii, b96 glabra, ii, 398 nirsuta, ii, 397 Loeseiii, ii, 398 Tussilago corymbosa, i, 211, 253 frigida, i, 212, 253 odorata, ii, 270 Tylophora, ii, 210 Typha angustifolia, i, 66, 165 Ulva crispa, i, 178 Lactuca, i, 70 plumosa, i, 70 Umbelliferffi, i, 29 Umfar, i, 93 Uncaria elliptica, ii, 533 ovata, ii, 533 Uniola latifolia, i, 226 Unona ^thiopica, i, 105, 161 aromatica, i, 105 hamata, ii, 685 uncinata, ii, 685 TJpas Antiar, i, 79 Urania, i, 157 note Urceola, i, 133 Urena, i, 559 Americana, i, 109, 165, 171 glabra, i, 95 mollis, i, 95 reticulata, i, 105, 171 Urticea, ii, 534, 537 Urlicea;, i, 79, 137 I'suea, i, 178 Irida, i, 70 iielnxantha, i, 252 oc ,:oleuca, i, 251 sj jacelata, i, 252 Usteria, i, 37, 132 Utricularia, i, 65 Uvaria, ii, 534, 535 esculenta, ii, 085 lieteroclita, ii, 685 odoratissima, ii, 685 uncata, ii, 685 Vahea, i, 133 Vahlia, ii, 522 Valerianeaj, i, 65 Vallaris, ii, 232, 237 Valisneria spiralifi, i, 68 V V 1 wmmm '*^m^\\ fW-H INDKX OF NAMKS OP PLANTS. 785 Vanda, ii, 688 Roxburghii, ii, 689 VandeiE, ii, 576 Vandellia, i, 164 Vanilla, ii, 497,551 aromatica, ii, 498 planifolia, ii, 498 Vella, ii, 375 annua, ii, 375 Pseudo-Cytisus, ii, 370 Vellese, i, 253 Velleia, i, 33 ; ii, 266 nofd Velvet Tamarind, i, 161 Ventenatia, i, 108 Ventilago, i, 26 Verbena oflBcinalis, i, 68 triphylla, i, 136 Verbenacese, i, 38, 40, 135 ; ii, 659 Verbesiua gigantea, ii, 291 Vernoniacese, i, 128 Verrucaria nitida, i, 69 Vesicaria, ii, 389 sinuata, ii, 389 utriculata, ii, 389 Vestia, ii, 683 Viburnum, ii, 537 Vicia galegifolia, ii, 442 Vigna, i, 325 Villa, i, 219, 221 Viminaria, ii, 429 deuudata, ii, 429 Vinca, ii, 247 Vincetoxicum nigrum, i, 529 Viniferse, i, 15 L Viola, i, 122, 532 tricolor, i, 469 note Violese, i, 122 Virgilia, ii, 421 aurea, ii, 421 capeusis, ii, 422 intrusa, ii, 422 Viscum, i, 21, 120, 137, 381 album, i, 4()0 Visnia, i, 164 Vitellaria paradoxa, i, 296 Vitex, i, 136 Vitis, i, 151, 288. 390 Vitmanuia, i, 106 Voacanga, i, 133 Voanda, i, 159 Voandzeia, i, 155 Voandzou, i, 155 Voitia, i, 247 hyperborea, i, 248, 256 nivalis, i, 249 I Voitia vogesiana, i, 248 ! Volkamena, ii, 506 aculeata, ii, 506 : angustifolia, ii, 508 I heterophylla, ii, 508 ' japonica, ii, 507 ! Kaompferi, ii, 507 Kffimpleriaua, ii, 507 ligustrina, ii, 508 tomentosa, ii, 508 inermis, ii, 508 Waltheria americana, i, 165, 171 indica, i, 165, 161 Wanzey, i, 94 Wedelia, ii, 285, 297 nofe Weigelia, ii, 541 Weinmanuia, i, 20 Weissia, ii, 348, 349 afl&nis, ii, 344 controversa, i, 69 nuda, ii, 348 radians, ii, 344 splachnoides, i, 241 ; ii, 347 Templetoni, ii, 343, 344 trichodes, ii, 34 1 Westringia, i, 39, 380 Whitia, ii, 596, 610 Wintera, i, 64 ; ii, 704 WinteranciJC, i, 413 note Winterese, ii, 704 Winter's bark, ii, 724 Woodsia, ii, 253, 543, 540 glabella, ii, 518 hyperborea, ii, 253 ilvensis, ii, 253, 518 mexicana, ii, 54() Wormia, i, 12 alata, ii, 704 Wrightia, ii, 233,242,243 antidysenterica, ii, 244 pubescens, ii, 244 tinctoria, ii, 244 Zeylanica, ii, 244 VVulfenia intermedia, ii, 577 Notouiana, ii, 607 obliqua, ii, 577 Xauthium, i, 31 Xanthorrhoea, i, 50, 308, 435 arborca, ii, 724 Xeropetalum, ii, 673 Xerotes, i, 52, 436 Ximenia, i, 155 americana, i, 551 50 Ii '•'I'l'Mfeifei' f j . IW^Ipp^HWWl— «^|^1MaMI«^l^P^^"*li«M««l i«^iM ■•■#,. 786 INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS. .# Xylomelum, ii, 15, IS, 21, 38 ; ii, 159 pyriforme, ii, 159 ■ ^- Xylophylla, i, 43 longifolia, i, 43 f *; '.i^ ■>* Xylosteum, ii, 541 '' " ', Xyris, i, 53 , „ - Xysmalobium, ii, 217 grandiflorum, ii, 217 undulatuni, ii, 517 Yam, i, 154, 160 Zaffo, i, 160 noie Zatnia, i, 458, 506 note; ii, 717 spiralis, i, 308, 310 Zanthoxylon, i, 16 Zapania, i, 136 nodiflora, i, 66, 68 ^- r ■ r Zea, i, 506 note Mays, i, 154, 469 note Zieria, 17 *^ canescens, ii^ 709 furfuracea, ii, 709 involacrata, ii, 709 lanceolata, ii, 669 Smithii, ii, 669 Zizauia aquatica, i, 469 note Ziziphus, 1, 26 Zostera marina, i, 68 Zygodon, ii, 344 ZygopljyllesB, i, 144, 285 Zygophyllum album, i, 285 ^ coccineum, i, 287 Fabago, i, 287 lanatum, i, 286 simplex, i, 285 [ V i if;.- '■'•m raiNTKD BT, J. I. ABLAKU, BABTUOLOMRW CLOSE. A •ij» ■■'»■ ,.;«. MS 4i ' 2_ "' *!•