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WEBSTER, NY 14580

(716) 872-4503

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Cable Address, "DRUMBROUGH. WINNIPEQ

Monies invested in undoubted securities to yield
from 6.^ Vo to 8 7,,.

Collections made in all parts of Canada and the

North- Western States.

A.C3-E1TTS FOI^
DUNDEE MORTGAGE A TRUST INVESTMEliT CO.
DUNDEE INVESTMENT CO.
CANADIAN ft AMERICAN M 3RTGAGE CO.
NORTHERN ASSURANCE.

Messrs. PANMURE GORDC N St CO., Threadnccdlo Street, LONDON. E.C.
Messrs. A. BILBROUGH & CO., Lloyds, LONDON.

LANDS FOR SALE.

We have a large Ii.«t of improved ami unimproved lands for sale in the
neit;hbourliood of ^Vinnippg, at prices and on terma which should commend thorn to
tlie intending settlor, Tliere are now virtually no lands open for home-iteading within
1.50 miles to the west of Winnipeg; and suttlers on these western lands have an
additional freight of at least 6 centis. per bushel (about 2'- per quarter) on their
wheat, for which the only outlet is by way of Winnipeg, For this reas.in alone it is
evident that lands adjoining Winnipeg at present low prices, with immediate title, are
really much chcapor than western homestead lands, which require '6 years' residence,
and the performance of certain specified improvements, before title can bo got to thera.

With a special view to the convenience of Emigrants we have introduced our
<<

of purcha.xe. By this means, with a small payment down, the ^alance of the purchase
price of a farm can be spread over a period o! ten years, or in the event of the purchaser
making improvements, the whole price may be spread over that period. Emigrunt^t
have thus an opportunity of securing farms in the best location in Manitoba, where
land is mO't valuable for farming purpo.«es, and where it is certain to increase very
much in value at no distant date, while at the same time they are not hampered
by the necessity of exhausting all their means in the purchase of the land.

We ask you—

1.— To consider thoroughly tho adTantage of buying lands near Winnipeg.
2. — To examino lands beforo purchasing.

3.— To call upon us on your arrival at Winnipeg, and wo will afford you
faoiliticj for examining the lands wo havo for Sale.

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Lands Waiting for the Settler to go in iuul Occupy tluni.

Fertile Homesteads Free to All in the Canadian Nortli-West.

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This pMiiiplili't will fill! it)ti> tlif huivl of maiiv p' r><niis in thr I'liit'-cl Kin;^-

(loiii who liavf ) II from yt-iu' to yi'.ir m.ikin.,' ;i \\ix\>\ juil Init parti.illy .snoc'o>.s-

ful strn.,''^'!'' til -''cui'i' II I'ari' liviii'^ I'm' tlii'iiiM.'l\i'> aipl I'atiiilifN'. lli.^h rents fur
iiasi'hiill laivl, uli'a\y inort'^'a^'i' p-'i'i'liatiri-, aii<l lia'l ^'•a^')Ils i'lir a^riiiiluir'' Iia\i'
coinliin'''! t<» piivrnt tlio iiiakiiu' of pi'ovisioii for the time when oM ji;,'!- ^hall
(.Inuv niL,'h or win n tli-atli shall rrmovc the hfaij of the housuholil aii<I tluow the
h'lplfss wif.- an I hilirs iinon tli-- cliarity of the coM, unsympatlirt ic woild. iJo
tlit'\' inti'ii<l to '^n ploijilin^' on this way, with lail >cnnt,v coinrorl-- in tin.' present
in'i an uniiwitini; outlook for the fuiurc ^ Many wowl'I unihjulitcilly extricate
themselves from their unfoitunat" position, aiiil placi^ tieinselves in n position
of iri'lepcn'lence, ilid the oppoi-tunity otl'er. It is to .-.how them the way to
aecoaiplish such a dcsiralile end that this jjamphlet ha^ heen ooinpilrd. In the
dominion of ( 'ana-hi, under the proteftion of the liritish ll.i;;', are to h'' found
opportunitl-s for any m;ui to hett'T his rondition. In Maiiilol;;i and tin- \orth-
Wcstern Territories of Canada thi-re are ovei- eii^hty million^ of tie' linist wheat
raisin:^ hiti'l u[i i:i the faci' of the glolx', and theso lands are to he hail liy any
lunn for the asking.

FHEE LANDS.

There you can ohtain free, witlioui eost, n homestead of one hundnd and
sixty aer>s of tie- most, firtile land known, it is a vast prairie of ricli, dee[i,
dark lo.'im upon whi'di tlie yield of i;rain is marvedlou--. Ki'ee home^teuds are
there ottered to e\erv man who will <ro in and settle. There are no forest.? to
cut down, but the clear, open prairie await> ihe plow to turn the .sod and reveal
the rich and productive earth. You can secure a free homestead of KJO acres
and a jire-emption I'ight of IGO acres more, which you can laiy at the (!.i\erii-
inent\ low prices at once o. at any tinu within threi- yi.'.ar-. after makiii:^' appli
cation. Your sons, if the\- are ei'diteen \'ears of a''e oi- over, can eaeh -secure a
like atiiount of l.md. The s,,|r eondition attaelied to tlii-- lil'eral oiler is thai the
settler >hall resile upon and culti\ate his land for tin- short ))eriod of three
years. At the end of three year- the settler cm take a ,M('ond liomeilead upon
the same conditions. This i.san <jtrer which i-. not made hy any olhci' counlry in
the world.

A (iKKA'r oiM'oin r.MTV,

'i'hose wlio ai'i' now doiiiL' haul u[i hill \soik in the old countr\, harely .*icrftji-
iiv^ tog,'thi'r siitlliient, for a mea'.,fie e.\istene'\ have hci'e alloided to lliein n
chanci.' to 1m ewine the pM---,.s-.ors in fee -imple i)f :\ l.aru'e ti'aet of the ],r^t ai^'i'i-
cultur.ii land known, ;nii| plaee theni-:el\. s and famili''; in an Indi/pendenf
position. TlioM>andi lia\e already i^^one to that territory fiom all .';eclions of
the 1 t.ited Kin^'di.'ii, and lia\e made h;i|ipy homes for thirii>el\is. They ow n
tie' l.ind on \. I.ieli fiiey li\e and e\' ly year with the letuin- i'^ow) the hountifu!
crops whii-li it \ield.s ilie\- are addini'- to the .stock uiion th -ir farms. J5ut a few

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I'luthin.;". To-.lay tlirv ar. inilfp-mlriit. Then' is iiu reason why vmi slitiiM
not tlo the saiiic. W h\ tluMi nut ln'i'ak up your oM asst)ciati(jn for a tiiiii' aivl in
tliat new la.ihl sci'k tlio u;rrat U'lvaiitaiM's whidi yuu can invrr luipi' in olilain at
hoiiif ' Thou-aii'ls dl' sotth'T- hon>f> and liarus alroaily ilt>t tlie va-^t plain-,
liui thfi-r are inillion^ of acres which arc still awaitinij the immigrant to go in
aiiil make liis clioice.

A KAl'II) l'Ui)(iUi:sS.

v^ The progros of Manitoiui during thf hist four yt-ars has been unpara'deled
iirihe history of the world. Take tlie capital of tlu; }'ro\ ince, Winnipeg, for
instance. It was nothiiej; but a trailinLf post of the Hudson's ]5av Co. in ISijf),
ten years later it was the liead-ipuirters of a French Canadian and lialf-breed
colony, an<l in IS^O the tmvii had about 0,000 jn'oiile within it.^ Ixjiinds. The
lands around it and farther west were known to be rich, and emigrants fr(;m
the eastern Canailian Provinces and Europe began to arrive in large numl)i.'rs.
Since then th<'y have gone tlu'ough Winnipeg to the west at the rate of about
80,000 a year, and Winnipeg itself ha.s grown from the small hamh't to a tine
city of oO.OOO inhabitants, wdiich ha.s succes>fully passed through that ilhirss of
the infancy of most prosperous American towns,— -" the boom." The ^L•lrlplis of
Lome, in referring to this .subject in a recent article in the London (!ra[>hic,
neatly put the case thus: "Thi.s is the first gri'at effort of a speculative nature,
and. the patient, who is imagined to be particularly well, is then overcome by a
high fever, anil has a laborious, ditRcult and disagreeable convalescence, after
wliich all trouble is over. In other words, prices of all pr>n)erty rise to an
altogether artificial height, and then comes a collapse, depression, hard .--wearing,
and ultimate recovery. Winnipej^^'s convalescence is likely to la-^t throu'h the
first half of this decade, and by the year ISOO she will jirolialily lia\e at least
aO,000 or 00,000 people on the banks of her larger Tiber, and see horsi.lf almost
over-ta.sked to perform the duties of a metropolis for the great numbers of her
Provincial clients." Brandon, Portage la Piiiirie, Minnedosa ainl Morris are among
other towns which havt,' sprung up by magic furnishing home markets for the
thousands of settlers wdio have gone into that country and settled, wdiile farther
west, Kegina, Moose Jaw, .Medicine liat and Calgary are llouri>hing tov,-ns, which
are steadily growing in population and prosperity. The line of the Canadi.ui Pacific
Railway stretches across this vast territory, over one thousand niihs west of
Winnipeg to the Rocky ^bjuntains, containing million.s of <icres of t)ie finest
farniin'T ami cattle-i'aisiiiLr land in the world. The ncreaiie nnder whe.at in the
Province of ^LlIlitoba in 18^.3 was 2G0,S42 acres. The average yield b.i-.'d on
the returns of threshers was 21. MO bushels per acre, wnich made a total yield of
.".DbG,:!-!') Ijushels. This sra.son the acreage has licen inereaseil eigliti en [u.-r cent.
lieing 309, 2Sl acres. A.ssuniing the average yield to Ije only 20 bu-hcN which
is two bush- Is below the avei-age estimated by correspondents, the total ylild
would amount to G,20."»,(j20 bushels; deducting from this amount sufiieieiit for
Consumption airl set'ding purjioses, consumption being estimatfil at .-'IK bu.-lu-ls
pi.'r capita and two bushels per acre for seeding, the balance for exportation is
found tn III' 4,74G,0.")S bushds, an amount falling short of tin.' total yield of ISSo
by only 91-0,21'7 bushels. A large area was also undt-r culti\ation inoits, barley
aid root crops, and lai'ge yields were the ri'sult. During tin' jia-^t sl';',soii as in
previous years the supply of farm laboi'ers was not sutlicitiit to h.iiidh' thr
ahundaiit harve->t. In the early part (jf the season it wa.s e.\i)eetcd that there
would lir a lirge diMiiaml for farm labon'rs in the older localities during hayitig
and harv. .ting a.iid in .v.-veral insbaiie.'- tnitil late on in the fa^!. Fi'oin reports

' I

ri'Cei\"eil a ij^ri'at snai-citv li.'i- pifNjiilnl, laliui^r^ li"!!!',: r'i|nirr.i in i'v-tv fiimry
with till.' fXfijif i'lii of We il-Miiriii', iii'autit'iil I'laiii^. < 'ai'illnii jwi'l Murris, In
t'acl) of the rriii,iiiiiii;_;- (.•ciunt i' >, trnm nn.^ to ten town^liips \vaiil>il lali'H' r^, airl ot'
these tou'iishiiis srvrial I'fijuii'ril frmn one to six a l>iitioiia! nii.'ii to >,'TVv tlie
wants ot' thi'in. 'I'lii' l)i-[)tiLy Miiiist'i- of A'^i'iciiltuie in his hast (;ro[i liulhrin
says: Whih/ the ^^a'oatrr nuiiitM'i* of cDri'i'siiianh'nt^ simply said that the supply
1)1", labor was ''not eipuil to the (hmanil " or that it was ".scarce" ati'l " viry
scarce," uhoiit oru- thii'd rrpoiti'd a si'aicity aiul it is safe to say that .^e\i!ral
hundred farm lahonu's could ha\f found eniploviu'iit at -rood wa^res durini: liav-
iiig and har\"estin^'.

A COMPARISON.

It is an unfortunate fact tliat much misapprehension exists rcLjardinu' tie-
homestead and colonization and the i-aihvay policies of the (lovernment (if
C.'anada and yetit is not sliaiiLfe, when we consider the falsehoods which h.'ue
been concocted re^ardinir those laws and the climati; and soil of thi' Canadian
North-West by railway companies who have lands in the United States of which
they wish to dis[)Ose. These companies and their immiLjration a^'ents in tlie
United Kingdom and Europe have not hesitated to misrepresimt in the mo>t
unblushing manner everything connected with the Canadian North-West, con-
scious that the facts would show that their countrv as a lujuie for th'- emigrant
is not t(^ be compared in any resjiect with that under the protection of the Urit-
ish tlag in Manitoba and the Canailian North-West Territories. On no one
point has there been more misre])resentation than with respect to the land regul-
ations. Vet those of the llniti'il States are not to be compareil with the Can-
adian laws in regard to liberality. Look at the following comparison : — •

CANADA.

The hi-ad of a family or any nmlrt porson not Ici;^ th:\n 18 ycir.-i of a_'e ia entitled to a liome.steail entry.

Such entry may bi' for any ((U uitity not ■xc'i'.lin;- I'.-l ii'i-i'iiii any lands o[ion t!nM-efor, the cvcn-nuuibered
Bsction? on ahou' ei,i:;hty n\i;lions of tlio inosi foi'tih- himls buin-r I're > for scloi'tion.

Until Iho 1st .f mil iry, l^'^'i, tfui .•^oitlor will have the ri^'ht of pn'-eni prion of an aijoininur ir ft of tha sam«
extent as hi-) honn'sti Mil. wnii'h he can iturdiaso at the end of three ye \rs at (.ioverntnent priee.s.

He obtains a patent at tin- ciiil of thri'O years' resideine ond eultivation.

He niiy have a seeond homestead entry.

He may oomuiute by purchase after one year's residenee.

THE UNITED ST.\TE.S.

Any male person not Ie~s than 'Jl years is entitled to a hoaiestead entry.

Such entry may he for any (printity not exeeedint:ei.;hty aeres in the llrst or fi-.V) clas^, or one hundred
and sixty acres in the .^eeond or si. J.) cla.s.s o: lands open therefor.

The hoiiiestea'l si'tticr has not the rijht of jjre-i'inption.

He obtains a p.itoiit at the i-i\ i ot live years' residetieo and •■lUtivation.

He e;. nnot liave a second homeste.id entry.

He may eommnte by purchase afrr.r one year's rcsidenee, hut it is ro'otntnendeJ that this privilo^o bo
moditled and restricteil.

Thus it will he seen that in Canada your son can make his homestead entry
//()•("''!/'''/ /'.v ^^'/b/•': he could in the States, and have his deed /!'■'.' j/f'(.i'.<t /^ootici:
This is [iractically a saving of five j'ears in a man's lifetime. In Canada a
second homestead is granted — in the States, rione. In Canadti a pre-emption is
attached to the hoiiHste.id, but not so in the United States; and so on a co;n-
parison of the land laws of the two countrie.s will show the (.n)vernmeut of
Canaiia to hr much more liberal and fair to tin; settler.

Then take the ])roducti\'eness of the soil. As we have remarked before, no
land produci.'s so much wheat to the acre as that in the Canadian Xorth-West,
and in .S[)ealcing of the Xorth-West we inelulc the prosperous Proxince of
Manitoba, eontiiining the richest lands of the Ib.'d lliver Valley. The average
yield per acre of wheat and other crops in the Xoi-th-West i^ shewn by an
otlicial publication recently issued to be as follows: —

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No^rTrlvK!^!- >fivsK'OTA. \Vi?C(.N-?iN- row*.

Whom 28 17 13 10

Oat.n nS ',]7 . . 2S

Barhy :]S 25 20 22

PufcatOfS ,'?0f) ,

Carrots ;>00 / ^' '^ - Th« fnitel St.itos uiftkr 11, 1 pr^-

^ . _ .t'Mi-iiiii to cDiniM'te with llip ('anriiilan

Onions 2o0 I NurtliUcat ill luot cruiw

Turnips SOO )

The compnn\ti\f returns, haseil on otnciiil statistics, throw tln^ lioastC'l rr-.ults
of fannini,' in tlu- T'nitod States alto^L'thcr into the shade. 'J'he land is .so rich
tliat ftrtilizers will not he re(|nired for many veai-s, .so tlie fni'iner enjoys a
practical savinj,' of a corbain annual outlay I'einiired in the older Pro\ inci's. In
the Province of Manitoha, the old Scotch sctth-rs who went out with hoi'd
Selkirk, and their descondanis, have' raised wlieat i>u the same land for forty
years, witho\it interruption, without the aid of in;inure or any other fertilizer,
and the yield per acre to-day is as gieat as when tlie Jirst crop was harvested.
Where is the country in any other part of the wcjrld that can produce such a
record ? These are facts which can he reailily continued by the testimony of
these wdio have resided in the country for tliat leni'th of time.

f'

THI OPINIONS OF VISITORS.

Diwinsf tlie present year many prominent men wlio have lieard of the wonder-
ful resources of tins greiit land, liave visited it to see for themselves, and tlieir
testimony contirms in the strongest possible manner all that lias lieretofore been
written or said reganling it. Not tlie least important visit was that of nearly
two hundred members of the IJritish Association, comprising eminent scientists
whose opinions are entitled to great weight. While they were in Winnipeg a
public meeting was held in the opera house, whe-n Sir Pwiehard Temple di'livvred
a lengthy address, giving tlu- impressions formed by the I^riti^h As>oeiat ion dur-
ing t]\e trip acr(i.«s the \ast ])rairies to the Pocky Mountains, over one thousand
miles west of Winnipeg. 'I'he chair was occupied by Hon. John Noivjuay, the
Premier of the Province of Manitolia, who intri)dueed the speaker of the e\ep.ing
t') the large audieiiee. Sir Riehani spoke as follows: —

Ladies and (leiitleiiien :---l am, and I am sure the chairman is also, sorry to
have kept you waiting for si'Vt ral minutes, but you must rem-:'mber that in the
present state of the roarls it is not always possiiile to be up to time. Now,
friends and fellow-countrymen, J will give you ni}' J-Ji'^dish inijirosions of youi-
bt'autiful country. I projiose to give \'ou a cate'^^i^rieal, but plain and practical
account of it. Von liave, during thi' last few days, heard its prai>i's sung in
i'ranililo(iuent terms, and I will not >ai- thi\' were not cori'eet as you \s ill tind
no extiression which will iro beyiMid tin; trutli as to the ti-reatness of this cimntry.
(Cheers) Perchanei' yon ha\'f had an id'a of tli;it ali-eady in your mind, but
perha|is yrai would like to I'-urn why and ^\ Iwrrfoi-e it is so grand. 1 iiop.' you
will not be fri'diti'iii'd at mv list of suliii'cts. a.s t}ie\' ai'e.most imiiortaut. Tl;;>
main head-- are as follows: 1st, th

e.xeiM'-ion : ::no, the laiiu Known a> "lie'
Lone Laml " and now kno>\ II a.s "th" land of promisi-;" .'Ird, the' seruriy : -Ith
the minora! resources; .Ith, th'' prairie; t;tli, the se>il : 7th, agrieidture: Sfh,
labor ; '.•th, the farm> ; lOth, thi- laml ; m'Xt, tlh' climati', ti'i'es, towns, com i muni -
catitMi by larnl Hiid water, the' tarifl', the ei)nd!tion of the pi-op!.', cmigraf ion, ;;ii,l
the fee'ling in Lnglai:d regarding the North-W»;st of Can.ada. Now, my f^ieIel.^,
1 would ha\e you reinendicr that this rxciir-ion of the Piriti-h .\ssneiation v.as
one of th<' largest, if not tie' loiiLTest. i.'Vi'j- undi'itakt'ii, and in that respret it was
suitable to the grt at Laid in u hich it wa.s made. 'Idie e'\(;ur.>ion v/as eompo-'cd

■)

I .■

of viw huii'lrt-.l LCfHiIfiU'ii of inDi't' ihuii onllii'iiy t'iiuiMti''ii, unl rvi.v' ili>i,t rln-y
have i^diio cms'. I will s.iy \'.li;it I wouM n^b ■^uy in ili>-ii- pi', ■■•ncf, I'l it th'^y ni-
thorouL^lily ;i"i'i.iiijili-;!ic(l. I«',ii-Mt'i|, x/imLitic iu''ii. I'ln^y w (.L in >-' f lioroii^flily
tlirou^li th'.' i-x.^niNion jiii'l -tii'li-'il cvcrythitiif in tin- iiio^t 'loiiijih.'ti' ui.iimi'r, iLii'l
goiitlt'iiii'ii, iuiiMii,^' tlii'Ui ari' ni.uiy who carry wcii^fht at lioui'', aii'l aIio^.- upin.
ions arr. lislciii''! to thi'oii_'hoU! I'ln;^'lanil, aii'l so vou ran j'ii^'-. in'-n of

\Vitini[f^, wlii'tli.'i' it will \\<>i 1"' a '^'r^at aiil to h vo tlii-^ rlnu
roturniiiL,' to Mn^'lainl - ui'^n wlm liaM- faith in th • Noil!i-\\'c
''ivc tliL'iu a svicniilic rravm fur it. I know tlu/ir nicat of voiir c .untrv wil

1 "f \\irni'--"S

>I ili-l ;il<!" to

FAVDUAiw.!: i.v riii: k\ iki:.\[i;.

They came with lii,;h antiri|i,ition>, ainl thos.- anticipations havi.' \>i:(:n more tlian
fulfilloil. Tht'y an- i[niti' Ntrui'k with a<lmiration after all thry have -^otm ano
all they have h. 'aril, and I am sati^tifil that oviilenci^ w,ll lie sutrident to you,
well-wishers of Manitnli.i, in tlir hi/hest ilci^roe. And though my hrutlu'r
oxcuvsionists weri' aitoni-licil at what they had seen, yet they ha'l not sc^jn all.
They had vi>itrd the south section only, liut [ h.id h(\Tr I that tlie n^rthti'n por-
tion i.s .still irraniier and ricliri'. S'j vou mav realize what a "•rrat co'uitrv it is,
when sucli a iioly ar(i struck with admiration whfii they have only seen half of
it. What Would have hrcu their admiratii)n when they had si.'cu the i,doriou>
»vhole — the land in its integrity ' Yet I have heard of it on authentic evidence
which is strengthi'iird liy what I Inve seen. The next point which I desire , to
discuss is the remarkalile contract hetween the country lat'dy known as " the
lone land" and now re^ariled as the " land of [)r'imist'. ' It is .^nly a few year>
since what are now the haimts of civili>^;ition were th.' runs and wailowin--
places of herd- of liu!lalo<. Kememlier that the area of this country is vast.
They have an idi-.i in Kn^dand that this country is capable of coutainiu':^ on^-
hundred millions of An^lo S.i.xons. I don"t know where they t:j.Jt thesi; li;,,an'e^.
hut th n- aiv v.-rv pos-ihl,' li ■• n-es in the not verv rem.)te future. If we cop.-
sider the cultivable area of the Nortli-West, includiii;,' .MuiitoiKi. we will tind
by computation that it is hardly less than one million -<i[uare miles, or at the
least thi'ee i[uarC';rs of a millitin, and that Vieing the ease, if the' population b-
100 to the s lU'U'e mile — which is not a hi'di ratio bv anv menus — still that will
give you lOO lalilious on a million srpaare miles or even if there b.,- only three
quartei's of a million s'pi.are miles, you will still arrive at a total
nearly reaching 100,000,000. Well, gentlemen, this vast area can be
fairly com[»ai'el with the neighboring States. In fact, the area of
the Cana li.ui North-We.-t is e pial to the American Stat.'s of Dakota,
Iowa, Montana and Washington, v/hich are reganle.] among th<; most fertile
parts of th.i' Cnion. Those territories ari; regarde'l as constitutinj,- a land of
promise and yet you hive an opiiil area in the North-West (jf Cinada. I thn--
.arrive, la lies and gentlemen, at my next heading and 1 will try and gi\'e you
some idea of the v;ist!K'- - of th'.' area an 1 the probable increase of [) )[)ulation.
I will s IV a w )rd all MIL ill" scenery. On t!ie prairie we observe its va-tness.
There is b 'auty in mere imm 'U-ity. It is a wonl:rful sight to sec the sun ri/.e'
and set on the \ ery horl/ on of as it were a sea of prairie vegetation. The ap-
proi^h to t!ie m luntiins from the pr.iiri-^ is the m ist remarkable in the world.
I do:i't want to give you an e'-ca ;g..!Mt" I id 'a of tli/ir gr, in leur, or you will pr.i-
b,ibl\- think tli 'V are the tine-,t in t!i.> [V.-Itisli em[)ire, IJut that empire is wide-
' , an I tlrM'ij ar^.' s 'Vs/ral 1 irg/r mount iin> than the I! lekies with-
X .'Vert'i .'I'ts tlieir ap[p 'UM'.ie' fi- en t!ie pr.iirie-; i-, truly remark-

s[ii'e id

in 1

.s b

IppliU

I J 11

1.

aole. Tnev ri-> ' a-; m LS-. '-i of rock ri^^'il out of the j^Mirie. .aii I »iire mostly
cjvere I with suo.v. Til.; ext'iiLof t!i '-e sii iw cl i 1 r.>;k-; is r'lnirkible. Why,
ai wj appro ij'.ie I fr j:n t'l ■ pr.ilrie, w J s iw I')) miles of contlnuou- snow clad

r

\

tii

6

fuck, constitutlu;^' ;i iii.i^iiiti''rnt -i.:lit Thoro i-; only iMio paiullol t(i it in tlio

I

n

:Kl

wuiiil thr .•i[>[)riiiH'ii III till- ( iiu<.;-'i- ii'iin till' >ti'iijii-. hi IviKsin — but that is
not so titnj, a> tli> niouiil.,iu> rl-v tl.;ro ran''(,' hv ran'^o iVuiu the level. P)Ut here
vou all s.'e llieiii at once, aii'l it i- not -o rouiarkaljlo a >i,L;ht in tlie Caucasus ti-^
in the Koekies, whore the >iio\v el;; 1 ro'ks rise at onoe out of the prairie, eovcroil
with snow to the ba.se. I iiiu-t U'jt attempt with .so many economic topics
Itefore me to lea'l y(»u iniii tlie ^^e.-u.-ry ut" those mountains. For the present 1
must contlne my.>eli" tn the remark that the etl'ect of this seetiery upon the miuil'
of tho.so who livti in that rei^ion is \ ery impressive. I h(>lieve the contemplaliiai
of this nuiirniticentscenerv, ma'qiifiC'iit in extent at leiist, has an elevatinLCeti'ect on
the Ani^lo-SaXon race ; it enlar_;'s the ideas, it hriichtens the ima'nnaticni anil it
elevates the sentiments. In the .^hort addresses received on the way there wa.^
a loftiness of expression almost amotuiting to grandilof|Uence to wliich I liave
hardly been accustomed in tlie a'.Mresses which .1 have received in other
pji'tioi'.s of the r>ritish Kmjiire. The-e Wonders were descrihed to me as natural
Wonders — wonders of n;iture. To our British eyes, to our patrii»tic minds, the
greatest of all womlers was this spectacle of Anglo-Saxon, British-Canadian
enterprise sjireadin^; itself over the .surface of this vast country and writing; its
marks in letters of ilame upon the book of natur •. I mnv come to the fourth
headin<r of niv list — that relating t'.> the mineral resources of the countrv. Some
of these resources we did not see, especially the iron ore, of which we saw speci-
mens at tlie Historical exhiliition in Wiimipeg. We have seen something and
heard much regarding the coal res<.)ur':'es of the west. We believe tl e are coal
mines within a short distance of tlie line of the Canadian Pacitic Railway and
we understand that thoe are

SOME FURIHKU COAL RESOURCES

within a very moderate distance and some quite on the line — or within a hundred
yards — of what may l)e callc'l superior lignite which wlien mixed with anthra-
cite and bituminous coal, burns very well. I have every reason to hope that
when these coal mines shall be worked and these great seams opened that you
will V)C indepenilent of Pittsburg aii'l the United States, with respect to coal.
I neofl only say that this is a great advantage to the people of this country.
Further, we heard from some of the enterprising members of our party who
penetrated into tiie mountains that there are considerable resources of great
value. I must now say a few woriI>, in the fifth place with regard to the prairie.
Now, gentlemen, tlu; prairie is fa-t becoming a thing of the past. In that
respect it is following the example of the herds of butlaloes an'l the poor Indians
who are receding bef<.)re the faie of the white man. When leaving Winnipeg
we saw some [H'aii-ie land that is in the hands of speculators who are reserving
them for future use. (Lau'_diter.) After passing this limit we saw no praii-ie at
all for several hundi-eds of miles uM'il we cro.ssed the Saskatchev/an. What 1
mean is that we never pas-^id a mih- on the prairie plain without seeing a hotne-
stead or field oi- the murks of human Inbitatiun. We saw signs of culture from
the specnhUofs' lands near W'innip •:: uri to within a few miles of the Saskatche-
wan Ri\er. It was only when we cro-s.-d the river that we saw the real plains.
Even then it was only piairie in a moditied sense. Instead of the homestead
and the culti\ated tiidds we saw capit'-il nmches beginning to extend through the
whole of tlie area from the Saska.f!ie'.v;u; to the foot of the Rocky !^^ountain.s,
wtiich is in the hands of cattle rais-rs. Here again v/e saw signs of Anglo-S.ixon
progress in the sli.ipe of he'i'ds of ca'-tle. The vegetation of the prairie, so far as
we' Were ab>' to see it in the intervals more or less of cultivuteil l.uid, is not
remarkable, but still is rich. Some 'f the more enthusiastic i»f the party said it
was the richest wild vegetation the'.' h^'.d ever .seen, but I think this was due to

-.1

r

t'',''ir fiit'm >;.i'<!ii, Iirciu-f tli'- \'i','.'tiitii)ii in the >r,i.'j)[h's rif IIm --.i.L !.-> '^uii >; as ricli,
if ikU ri(Mi'i'. Si ill tin- tloia of thi- country is sui'h ;is to pfotiii-o ;in ;ihnn'Iant
return t'lu- .•i-'rirultur.il l;il)i)r. I'iVtTvw luTf, or aliiiDst evurywhi r,-, wo ••;r.'- ricli soil.
Most of us rxpi'ctril to fiii'l tr.ii.ks of uriil wastu, or if wi; .suw rich s/il it wouM
ii'! liiri^i'ly inti'rs[).'rst.''l with s|if«f'iiii.Ti.s of ^^a'iivol arul rock, aii'l the soil not
-,uit il'lo for cultixution. This \'h-;i provoil entirely fals>", for I (h^el.T • without
ova" 'eration or r''^"rvat ion, that tluv^U'^h the whole countrv. frijin Wiunit)','
to the lloeky ^^)untalMs, tliere is hanlly a foot of :;ro!iiel which
dill not seem to >)0 capal,.]" to in; turneil to human use. Tlie extent
of this country is about l,00i> mihvs, jwnl I say that we pa^scl throu;^li one

UNBROKEN AIIKA OF USEABLE LAN'D,

viz., ft^rtile laml, ca]iable of hf-im^' turned to the use or advantacje of any person.
Then as re^'ards th^' pasture, mo>t of us who saw it are of tht- opinion th.at it
is splendid pasture and tlioroULdily suited for cattle — our only wonder was that
we did not see sheep as well. The j^iass was not lon;^ hut it was ricli. thick and
nutritious. The hay also in many parts was long and proinisrd a rich reward
to the huv cutter. The cattle Lfenerallv seemed quite healthv, of verv i^ood
l.u'eeds, many comin^^ from the nfi_dilioriiiL.; States of America and apparently
hred fi-om the best of Knu'lish sto(;k. Sometimes complaints ar-' hearil in
Enudand concerning Canadian and American cattle <h.'alers coming o\"er to our,
country to purchasi' cattle as they take away some of our be^t animals. We
ni'ed not regri't this fact because they only get them by paying a high price for
them. The sale of these cattle is good for the cattle deah-rs in Lnghniil as well
as beneficial to you in this C(juntrv. One thing vou shouhl trv and i)ri.'Vent and
that is the spread of the cattle- disease. It has broken out in various parts of the
(Jiiited StatL's, and we have been painfully remind(>d of this fact in the old world,
[n Canada the rlisease has not yet broken out, but the peopU- should take due
precaution in order to prevent its importation. I sjieak feelingly upon tin-
suhject Viecause among us in I^ugland we have failed to prevent the iruportation
(jf the disea>e and the losses causeil to British farmers from this cans-- have been
simply incale'ulablc. Now for heaven's sake profit by our examp]>' ami learn
from our nii>F(irtun''-^ and losses, and ju'cserve yourselves from a similar ealamity.
I have enquired a goo(l .leal as to eu'^ilage, as this food for animals was beeomin;,'
so fashionable in the United States and was beinrr introduced into Eu'jland, but
I was told liy farmers that no such food was necessary, becati>" the supply
furni.shv 1 by nature was so veiy abundaiit. The next p()int I wish to take u\>
is that o. the crops— two kinds, cereals and roots. Cereals are grown on many
farms exclusively ; some of the greatest farms are wheat farms entirely, ne\-e;--
theless in many instances we saw specimens or exhibits of the other pro.jucts of
the farui. The C. P. R. has .set an excellent example by liaving many model
farms of this kind along the line of the Canadian l^icitic just to show what the
country is capable of proibicing, In inspecting this we found nothiiu^ to equal
the t''i';:;antic calibages and monster cauliflowers shown at the exhibition here, yet
\ve saw some good turnips, gixjd potatoes, good be'ct roots, etc.

We hear'l in England that tln-re would be great difbiculty in growing wheat
in this sretion of th'' North-West owing to the altitude of the country, viz.
that your country is too high above the sea for the pri:)per production of wheat.
This Is a falsehood and I can prose it l)y what I have seen. Wheat is p)roduced
Well 2,000 feit aljON'e the sv-a in that part of the country. At <.''algary it is
produced 0,000 feet above and at raninori,' it is evtui more than o.'OO. Conse-
(jUi'ntly there is nothing in tln' altitude of the country to pr-vent wheat behig

;S

OUOWS MN AN IMMKN^i: Sr\|,r.

We onijiiircil III" ihi* fiuiai'i^ lY^ai'i'iiii^ many lliiiij,^ wc lia\c tn Jo n.t Iimiho •
nfiiiii 'v, riitati(.'ii nt" ci(iji>. }>■ riM.iii'.il luanuriiiL; iunl \v. ■riling, luit wi- wrro inilii,'-
nantl ," tiiM tliii wliili." i\\<'^r tiriii_;s mifht l)o vci-v iii.'cosarv in ICn 'laii'l th''\'
were n«il ic'i|uiiril licr,-, Tln'V -^,ii i tlu-y cnuM nut takf tin- iMi'i' to >o\v cai'; ci''i[i
on the laml this ycav anil a ilitliTiiit vvo\> tlii' ni'\t, liiil tin' sann,' I'lMjis
weri! gnnvn I'm' many sucnssivr yrai's on tin' sami' lanil without iiijuiy. Maii-
urin;,', thoy salil, was ;ioi ni'ci>->.iry in thi-' vlri;-ln soil ; tlh;i\' is snch ru'lini'^^ ')'■'
the fioil, the suli-.v)!! aii'l thr >oll luMUMth, that croi)^ grow without manui'ing.
As to weoils, it Wiis sahl thci-i' wa> none of con-^'/ijUfUcc. Ploughing also, wo
inquireil ahout, ami saiil wc h.i'l to plough very (lee|» in the old coiuitry, hul we
were told that nothing of tin' kind is ni'edt.'d here, but wv have only to scratch
the soil and th^re is an ahundant harvest. And, gentlemen, thiTf is a great deal
of trutli in that, as, tlie faet is. \-ou have a virLrin soil. You have here eutereil
upon an abundant inheritance. V(ju liave entered upon wdial may l"' callfd the
geological period. Thousands of years look down upon your lieautiful land. The
result is that MVtmy of tlu^ old world neces.sities, such as deep jiloughing, mani'.r-
ing, weeding and rotation of crops, can for a time be ilispensed with lure. The
next thing i sliall mention —I hope you will not be alarnii'd at thi' luuiibei' of
mv subjects, but 1 have ahtadv irot tlirou^di ei'dit — is that of labor. Labor, of
course, i.s a great ditllculty in tli'.- interior of the North-West, but it has had. this
effect on the farmeis, that it has compelled them to exercise their wits and em-
ploy labor-saving machinery and implements. These im|ilements are among the
most remarkable thing.-, to be .seen in the land. Every kind of

imidenient and machini:ry are to be seen at work, with all their
rough soundiuLT names — the scutflers, tlie harrowers, tlie reajjcrs, the

I 111

niower.s, the threshers, and the like — there tliey are all at work,
and I must say it is a most gratifying spectacle. I saw them at work in the
fields, outside tlie stores for sale, and in the factories being I'epaired. Truly the
ingenuitv <jf tin' farmers h.^re is >,ueh as to make old countr\'n.en tii'st laugli
and then grow envi(jus. In Knglan 1 after reaping the grain the tarmers have
to stack it and then thresh it. but, gentlemen, the North-West fai'iner doi.'s notli-
ing of the kind, lie brings hi> thre-her to bear on the shea\'es which h;i,ve
been already arranged to hand by the liarvester. He then threshes tlvj wdieat
or stores it in temporary wooden structures. He there allows the wdieat to
harden until the snow falls, auil then draws it in his sleilgo over the hardened
snow to the grain ele\-ator at tin; edge of tlie railway. Then the railway car-
riages come underneath luvl the grain is shut into the cars and cai'ried otF for
exportation. I think, gi'ntlem''ii, if you thoroughly understand the rapidity of
this, you w ill see that tin re is a great advance in the new over the old W()rld.
'Cheers.) The conseipieiic' <.'f all this labor saving machinery is tliat the
averagt ai'i'a under eulti\ation p^'i- head is extra larg(.'. As you go througli the
country and see the great Held- you naturally say there must be a great popula-
tion, but such, as you are aware', i- not the case. The a\'e)'age eulti\'alion ot
acres per le'ad is se\-rr,al times Lireater than in the old WoiM. This is evident
from the fact that e\ er\' man lias many acres at lii.s command oumg to improved
inachiner\-. Mv next sui.iiect relates to

THK lAl:.Ms.

1 am aware that some are N'ery great and mijstl}' devoteil to wlieat, the un-
broken tiehU e.'stending o\ er miles and miles of space. Yet we saw some' sma,ller
farm-, in wdiat !■-, I bdie\e, re'(d<'i;ied amMiig the richest })arls of the North-West
— thrjse ai'ound l'oita''-e-la Trairii.-. They are eondueted by men who own tlieiii
ami work theiii theiuseh es. We also ob-,erved the t.armdiouses — that they are

i .

I 'lb'

'4

9

■11 liUilt, Wrll !UV,.\. ,111.1, I :i!ll t'lll.

Ari'l n- I ■ r:,tt:

wii hunt, wi'ii ;ui'.m|. ,111. 1, I ;i!ii t.iM.'.v.l! \v,iriii ■'! iM \siiirji-. .xriM a- I. . r;)tt;i_'o-j
-Wij usknl t'lir tir 111 ; liiit iii^lly _\i.u c|.) iioi hiivc ii. • 1 ot' .lu'iii, a> t!i 'I'l; ai'i- .su
t'l'SV riu'ii ill ^Mi'li a lii\\ (• iiid'uinii ;i , t. ( i.M[Miri' tln'i;; \i>.\ !iav.' lait T ' lalnii-rr-^,
iiut. y.Mir a^rii'iilt uri->t - aii'wlial iii;i_\ l^'all ii'M-^mt |.ri>j,rlct. )!■■>. Arnmil t!i»-
|i(Mi>i's We saw i'\ iilciicr ot' iiiai'kt't „Mrili'iiiii_'— u iiirli is a .'^oml -i'^ii We
i.li>t'r\cil that tii.'ir :-; a '_,'". nl sU|i[>Iy ot" t"ii.'l,\vliii-c,i~, wi- im.r^Mii.Ml tliat xiicli wa-^
not the case, as tlir praii'ics aw ri"j;.ii'. !• .1 a> >iiiij.]y ciiinii'i-'"! n\ ._fi-.i>- aii.i \r,'i'-
t;ili'iii ; 111 it scat, t.' I'd I i)\ rf it afi' in. my -mall ^critli. 'i'lif -nil will a'-u maki' fX-
(•.•lli'iit liricks, aii'l, w liat is of L,M"iat aK a:ita,fi' to the fariii.r^, tlirP'' aiv --rnall
ii icstoui' si'attfi'i'l i)\rr the plain, IVom \sliir]i limi' for nia>.(niv ran l-' .ilitiin''.!,
' Ajiplan^i'. I 1 iiow coinr to till' laii'l thr a['[iortionir.i'nl aii'l ilivi ;..n.)f tlif
l.inil. I will not Ooiid'al tin- f.u't tint t!i.' liuil sprfulation lia^ lii.,'n vnf.iNoiaMr
lo you in ihi- oM fountry. W'^' li'ai'.l >onn>tIiin^4 of It Kn^laii'l, liiit more
in Montreal, liut my im|.ri'--'ion i- tli.it t'l.' -tory is .^'n-ntlv rxa'^^^.^i.Tat.'.l. It is
true that with yoiir lar^i' laii'l ar.;! the < lo\-..i'niiirnt aii'l voii, as \\ i<c jfoplr.
siiouM pi'ox iilc foi- thr future ati'l not ht the whole lau'l 'j;>'l into the han.ls of
corporations. In Kni^'laiul the So(.'iali>t-i ami C'(Mumuni>ts arc niakini^ much
talk about lar^n- tracts of land h-inj; in the hands of pri\ate iudiviilu.ils. Well
now, they will sav, (^'anada is a xouier eountrv with u futiu'e hefoic it and it
sliould !>revi'nt anvthiii'^ like that h'l". While the State should he -.'nerous in
;;ivin;^ laiul to tho>e who will u^" it aiel cultivate it:, yul it should kce[') some in
its own hands until it can see wdiat may hajipi.-n in the ;^'eiier,itions to eome. In
that respect the duty of Canada seems to he fairly peiformed in the past.,
fCheer.';,) Why, L,a'ntlemen, some rein.iiks have heen made a.j;ainst the land con-
cession to the U. P. R., hut you inuit r.;mei:iher that without -.uch a concession
the road couM i.oi ha\e h(;en coiistructe.!— i*'. was absolutely necessary to irive
the land in order that the pi'.)jcct mi'^dit h<: cairicl out. Then you will tind that
the whole land alonLj the line has not been m.'i'le over to the company, but only
alternate blocks, the ( !o\"eriimeiit i'(;-:'r\'iiii: each other section. Then remarks
have l.ieen made as to the disposal of a larye poriiun out of the C P. II. grant,
but you will iiii'l that it is but

A SM.U,L PIlorORTION OF THC WHOLE,

so that the railway has retained much in its own hands, and behind these con-
cessions there is a vast umor.nt at the di^posid of tlie State to hold as it may
foresee the wants of coniiiij; ;;en. 'rations. (Cheers.) So I v.dll fetd l.iound to say
in Enirland, as I have .said here, that no essential harm has been ilone bv
speculation or land concessions, and as re'.,Mrds any justice lurking under the
remarks of the Socialists in Kncjian.l, tliat no immediate dan!.,rer i.s to be appre-
hended in Canada. T say this in justice to tlie wise policy (jf the Cio\ei-nment
under which you are now liviiej;. (Cheers., One of the objections ur-cl in tlie
old country au'-iin^t this country is tl; ;t of the winter. The summers are well
known. People in Kn^iand are afiai'l of the supposdl leni,fth, dre.irine-s and
wretchediies.-i of the wiiite)-. N(jw I belie\-e fiMm our en(|uii'y t!i;it this descri[i-
tion of dreary an.l w i-i,'telie,l winter i^ .mly in th;it [i ii'tion oi the country which
lit.'.s uu'lerne'ath tie' Ibicky Mc.unt.ains nn.! whii-h un.l.T th.e intlut-nce of the
Chinook wiiels is Mimewliat lik.' the ICiej-li'-h winters, but ap.art from thiit as far
as 1 could learn the winters in th<' re-t ..f the countiy are i-ather biij^dit an.l
cheei'iii'j;. Ycju ha\ e .,'■.10 1 honest -^n.^vbiii^ which h.-U'.leii (.ai the- ground, with
briLrht weatlier an.l .'< blue ^ky o\'.'rlie;i 1. Tin.' snow is so hard 'n.'.l that it
makes (irst-cla-s communicition. Tie' p.ople sl.'iu'h .•ibiiuf jmi.! walk ;d.()ut and
on the wdiole ha\e a N^ery (.'hei'rful time. In fact many of th.' .'M resid.'ius told
me that the winter wa-- the tiiie-t .M',;-'jti here. (('.reat clie. 'rs.) 1 think this
very Imp.jrtant that if my de^cripti.jii of you.r winter is at all correct - and from

i.)

¥

10

tliMt l'i»r tills roasuii JihjiK; if t'ur- ikj otlu'i- tlu'V linv..-
l;'()0(I to you Jiiiil tlii.iii-' I\"i-'s, .•iml tlius inakiu'.,' tlifir

!i I

t

:)

Vinir kitti! np|il;iM-(^ I i.';illiri- it i< rliat I -ay ti.at it i> \r\\- iiuju.rt; lit tlial t!;i.^
furl shi)\iM he iiiUiK- kiinwn at Iioin', lur tlu' iin[pri>-.iiin tlu.t lai^ ;iiiil (Ir.ars
wintiTs prevail llierc is iloiiij,- ;,'fcaL liann to the e:''i>i' nf .■mi^iMtioii, As i

regai-d^ the suinruer everyhuily says it is too dry. If tliat i^ the case the
tlrou^dit may be iiuti;:jate(l hy jilant in-- a lot of ti'ei's. The' ex|ier:i'iiee of evciN
cntmtry in thi- world, in every (jnai't. r in the ;,'lohi', wh.n tri.es nrc .:,NVept away
there ilroui^'ht follows, und whin tn es ai'e planted thfi'e rains ar.' vuueh-afi'd in
due season — the early Hn<l latt'^r rain< in tlu'ir proper time. This nniv.'is;d
exporienee would he suti^faetorv to vou here. If farmers and -il tiers take
preeautions \n plmtui'.^' trrrs in ijreAes or pateh»'s ulouij; a streteh of aveiiU'.'s
they will have the t.'arly und latt.i- r;dns in duo .season. I must point out to you
that if Jirborioulture is properly eai-rd for tlie trees will Ljrow. I'oplar iui'l
maple trees nre most suitahh; for the j)rairie country. In thi> we>trrn land lie'
the snow and frost is of i^reat aid to the farmer. We ha\e in Hn.L,dind to >ow
in the autumn ami the farmers liave to look after our crops to a Linat extont
all throu;^di tlie winter. Vour farmrrs lu're have no .^ueh ilillicahy a-< this. All
the Howin^^f is done here in the sprini; ; you liave no autuiini f<ii- this and here
you have the ad\antagt' of us. The snow in the winter hn> ]'r.naied your
^'round and then the frost —the timely frost— has pulverized il and iiidired it
suitalile for tlie plow. All these thiiiirs are cjreat advanta<:es sueh as our
brethren at home seldom fiijoy. The last two or three winters we lune liad
little frost and the conse([Uence is

ONE GUE.VT I'lLVElUZlNU .\(JE.\CV H.VS BEEN LOST,

an agency wddch you never fail to enjoy. I now come to notiee the towns. We
saw various towns anil lost no opportiuiity of inspijcting tliem, sueh us Portage
la IVairie, Brandon, (.^u'Apiielle, Medielne' Hat, Moose Jaw and Calgary, and I
must also include lo'gina and BroU'lview, and I am bound to congratulate you
heartily on the condition of the.>e rising places. It is wondei'ful the manner in
which tlioy have sprung U[), and are s]iringing u[) now. We oliserved that the
streets are well laid out, the houses clean, tidy and picturesijuely situated — villas
springing up in the neighborhood surrounded with gardens and trees. Wr
observed schools and churches and banks and other institutions. We saw also
shop.s full of all the little paraphernalia of civili/ation, and the stocks f)f ogi'i
cultural nuichinery I have ali'eady ilescribed. Altogethei', the condition of the.>e
places is most satisfactory, and everywhere we saw evidences of what may be
called culture. And here let me take the opportunity of congratulating you on
the exhibition at Winnipeg. (Cheers), it was especially pirating, as culture i.^
a thiuii most likely to prove wantiii'f in a vouni;- counti'v. The way in which
the exhibition was gotten njt, the careful styh,' in whieh the exhibils were
arraiiiied, I may ,sny the s'-iiMititie mannei' in whieh thl.■^• were plaeeil i, \erv
creditable to the connnunity and is cultui'e in the true sense of tie wurd. In-
deed, I tliiidc the Association are to b.' congratulati/d that it was for them thi.-
exhibition was got up, an.
been instriunental in doini^

visit memora1)le. I nui'^t say a woi-d ;d)out connuunication li\ land aii'l water.
It woulil be like gilding tine gold if I were to .say a word of pi'ai-e iili.»nr the
Canadian Pacitic Ivailway. Outside of Canada, railway uninagiMii. nt i.> imI
ree-arded as (;ne of the stroii''- points of A'our counti'\', and a-^ \et I aui n^'l able
to con"-ratulate you on it---voin' railwa.\' system has be..n nudied ^o iMpidl',- that
you have not been able to attain tie.' {lerfeclion of inana::'einent sueli a- ev|.-,L.; ju
parts of the United Stati:'s and in Ihigl.ind, lait the v". P. K. app'.'.'r^ i i b ■ an ex-
ception. Beyond t'v\o or Ihi-i.i.' aeeident^ of an una\ oiil.dije eharaei >_ r [ ;ini able
to give the management of the C P. P. the ]iighe-.t praise. But I aiu an.^ious to

•t

■> 1

( ,'.

I 'i

11

prt-ii oil yotir o.iii-,'ii].iMtii>t\ that the < ', I*. II. is hut th > h".;iniiiri;' ut' a vn-t rail-
way systt'iii. It is t!n,' iiiaiii aitiTV tVoiii which may I'un \'.ii»-. iiif) i'.II 'lir'-c-
LiDiH. It ii, I may s.iy, the hurk hum; of tlio hr)ily pnhii';, fr'vjn whi'h th\! arm.-«,
tho logs aii'l t'lis a IT to (mhi.'. As I havo cxplaintMl hct'or-j

TIIF. ('. I'. K. lUNS TliriOUGH A UI'ii COUNTP.Y,

hut it is not thi' ric'hfst -there is a tupT diu' to tht; rv^rth an 1 tn thit r>.,'i'ni

nil hav.' u''-''i..'

>r 0 >urs'? ; the

I !iavc hoar'l

hraiK'lies must i^n. It is sai^l hy many that tli»! C. P. II.
rurthe'r iioi'th, hut I hejieve th(jso in charge havo a-lopte''! t!i' '.'.!■
main line shonld go str/iight as an arrow from ocean to o".an.
many remarks hy farmor.s that railways are wantcl to the -oirh t > e..Mn'et with
lIiDse pushing this way from the Uniteil States. Tlu se are matters of :,'p.-at and
pressing importance. A.s to water c<jmmunicatiun, I am well aware that
l'ana<lian hoatmen, (u-lchrated in prose and poetry, arc [■a^-'iug away lefure the
advance of the iron horse, Ijut I observe that steainhoats are plying on the
Assinihoine and Saskatcliewan and even to Edmonton. All tliis is .-ati -factory,
ihouiih I am comi)ell"d to sav that river conuuuiiication will not stand before
the railway but wdare there are railways it is necessary to have water compe-
tition which will have a beneficial tiMideiicy to ke'ep down rriilsvay ch ir^'es for
freight. But, gentlemen, wliat is still more important for you, iiien of Canada,
is tlu; tnily grand project of tin; Hudson's Bay navigation. (Continued clieer.s.)
1 am aware a committee of experts is now sitting on the proj- cc and coiisiih-ring,
wliether it is practicable. If it is declared practicable, well and goo'l but if not
then I will never al'andon the hope that it will be found so by a future gene-
ration. (Cheers.) 1 believe it must be practicable, as the se.i jms I'een
navigated for generations by the Ifudson's Bay Company's vessels, and what is
possibh> for them must be for the finely equipped steamers of the present day.
What are the objections urged to the scheme ? That the harbors in tlie bay are
open only a few months in the year. But I believe the Ilud-ou's Bay Company's
ships came almost when ihey pleased, and should not the steaiiu-rs 1 But if not,
1 do not si-e why tie' routi' is nut practicable. I have seen in the old C(nmtry a
line which was open only three or four month.s in the year and dhl an emjrmous
business. So that even if for only three or four months yuu have open navi-
"•ation in the bav and ocean-Lroimi vessels come from Liverpool to Port Nelson,
that circumstanc will make a world of ilifFerence to the North-\\est and
iitroduce' a new factor into your political life. (Cheers.) It will make a new
c:)Unti-\' of you, placing Wiiuupeg almost in direct communication with thi'
laarkets of Liverpool, and it will have an immense effect on tliat great northern
district which I regret I have not had time to visit. But I will .-"tate what I
have heard coneernini>- it, anil what I believe are the convictions of those more
competent to judge.

And now I will refer to the ijuestion of emigration to the North-West,
which is of two kinds — that of cattle ranchers and farmers. I think the
rancliers are getting a mo>t excellent class (;f immigrants the best possible, viz..
sons of gentlemen who find every profession at home over-stocked,
who cannot succeed at tin} bar, who do not feel like entering the
church, who find all the counting-houses and banking estalilishments filled
with clerks — they are beginning to think they will better tlieir lot by taking to

(■\TTLE K.V.VCIli:s

liere. This is ipiiie rlu-ht. I woul 1 far sooner see my son on the horse's back
■Iriving about cattle than to <ee him .sitting in a lawyer's othce, in a danip room
in London in the month of November. Here he will earn his bre.ad and save a
litth' iiiouev to make him a land owner and an independent man, bi-fore he is

^

18

\]

v.it'i

tliirtv \ ''ar-i iif atr. (Jna) rln.ro I lw'\f in i!.' ai',|ti;i!'i! in • v.it'i -.Vi r.il
youiii,' in-'M wild air \V''ll I'lluouiiil ii\\<\ w.'ll Lrd aii.| wli - iiowu. ik uwav in tlf
niriclirs, jirc li.'ulihy uii-1 imIiihI an. I .si'r\ tiling; an l•^li,'I!^!llll,ln <.'i^]i{ [<>'],.■ au'l
altliMin^h tlu'y aro jilwiiys in tlir sii Mil', iir\ i'iiIhK'^s t!,i \- Imm ! -t n 'ii • ut" tli.ir
i^ood l'Ji!^'lisli inaniU'i> (Ui<l none (,f tln'ii- nci^iiial ciilttin'. I t''iun'i n vrra! iii'ii.
wlio arc in hii^h slanilin:^ ut liom,', I'mnin-tt-il with randii - in ilii- r..;,nir\' aip!
have cajtital in\f^tci| in tlimi. I am anjuuint'"! with St i\.'!y Ili!l, wii.> has jv
>*[)h'n'li'l ratth' r.ini'he ncir ( 'ah.jaiy : he is an fminfiu nn inh' r "f thf Kn:4ri>li
har aiwl a nioinlur nf rarli.nin'nt ulso, anil .iUo^ci hiT mu. i,f tin; ni"-; rl>ini; iii'n
in tht' profcs-ddn. Ni'Vi'ithrlt'ss hi- has in\c'^ti'il hi-, money in a I'ani'Iian iiittr-
prisc. I ramo onL in the saino ship as Mr. Inih-rw ici<,a *) C aiil al> . a ni.-inhiT
of I'arliainfnt 'I'hf hitter ha; setth'il his son nn a capital ranchiMir'ar I-'mi l
McLcod, ami tliat y<Mnii,' l'ji'4li>hm,in is tluin;^ I'Xcelh'ntly W'-l!. As r-^'afd^
farmers and lahnreis I don't (li,s.^fiii>,. tliatl appieln iid tliaf ther-' will lie ditll-
cnlty hocau.o wtj want all the I'arnieis we have j^oi, ami want farm I horers t^i,
and cannot spare them. Arti/ans are of .-i kin«l you don't w.mt her-' ; tli>'V ari
more suitahlt^ for your friends in Ontario. There aie nianv pii-^ons nf varied
professions who can't }^et on at home, havini,' falh-n into niisforlunes and -nti'rr
in^ from the depression of trade, would he willini,' to I'ndj^qMte luMe, althou;^'h
they have had no special trainiii;^' in a^'riculture.and tleiefoi-i 1 wmild vi nturet"
sUL,'LCest that you would <io well to ustahlish technical s'ho. i!s for a,'riou!;ure aii'!
e.specially here, where men comiiiL; out from Kn;^land could un l''i.,'o a prai.'fical
training and be instructed before proceeding on the farms in the interior of the
country. At all events a.s regards the prospects for emigrants 1 iii ly give a fav-
orable reply, because the British peo[ple ar..' beginning to thinic iliat (.'an^ida is
the country uf great pronuse. Jiitherto the Tnited States liave had [lerhaps a
large share in emigration, especially since the development of iIi.' X^it li-\Vestern
States, but ni')W public attenti(jn is much more turned to these NorLh-\\'estern
Provinces of yours with an ever increasing stream of imMiigr.d in. Whethi.'r
suitable for agi'iculturt! or not I do not know, but there will l"j iniiiiber.s of them
cominir. Canaila was little known in Kiudand a few rears aijo but to-dav it i^
more widely knov.Ti. Nb'ution the name of Canada in Ijiglan 1 and t'le people
prick up theii' ears When I first visited Canada, 1 was, on my return home,
asked by English audience.s to give an account of what I had sueu {u Quebec and
Ontario. I reserved my report on the North-West lnjcause I ili'.l not then s,ji.' it
but 1 am perfectly surt; the moment I i'i;turn home reiiuisltioirs will be made t.)
me to address

LAROK liODIK.S OF HUITlSl! I.l KCT('»RS

of Worcestershire and Birmingham regai'ding wliat I liiv(.' seen. You cai\ judge
by wdiat I have said this e\e'ning as to what I .shall say there. (Cheers. ' Know-
ing you are an audience of e.xperts I luue al.>sttined fioin Usinj tine liui^^u ige.
I liave moderated niy cx[u-es,ions and restrained my enthusiasm. It isdillieult in
fact to praise people before theii- fa'i'. and 1 am vnid-r that di-a Ivantage this
evening. I shall not b,' under such di.sadvant ig' w In ii I recio-s tlie Atlantic.
Then 1 can praise you to my heart's content behijid your baek^. Tiieu I will
givi! full Vent to the enthusi;i.sm and glory in my lent, whi^li I thought not
judicious to do this evening. Then I can, in hif.ilutin exni-e-^ilons,

dwell on the boundle-.s pi-airie and the grand Ho ki-.-' (Cheers.)

Then I shall be able to attem[»t to give- e.'vpre.>-;:(jn to rhe gl.^i'ios of
the lan<l of promise, aod tln'ii urj;. luy bllovv^ couiitiy;iien, isji ■('inHy frieiids iuid
neighbors v,h»j cannot get on at, home, to (ly their luck out I.-t-'. I hoj/e as I

u-sni:

in.;

.■rf. irn;;'.M

have h.H<l through }'our kindni -s a); '.pjioilunity of ri'h'

thib fc\euing tu peiforui It with more \ivacity uiid energy thaii this e veiling. I

i

I

I ■!

< !

i \

18

.nlmll bo nMi- lo v'isfn sinccr"' ri port r.-;,'nnlin^' iht* fiiMin- which \\t^ hcfdr') you
mill f(i nK i- '• u ith nil crni. -tin--, my Kiiiiiti} iiit'ii nt h"iiit' to ifxko part if» iht;
ilfVi'lnjdiii'iit (if thi, ;^Mi'at ('(/imtry. Aiul imw I (i|'prijiirh lo a cr>n^i'l»;rntii'n of
thi> fi't'liii;^ t'litcrtiiiiii il towa.i'U you at hoiuf, SoinilitiH-s ii ^jiji-iirs to !>•; thy
opiniotj union.* Can ulians that you uri' iliHpiirH;,'ril. I am not ftwure of it, nwl I
ii^sun.' yon :h."\t th.lM^'h the frlfiuls of Cium'hi there aio not w.'U uf^'juaijit'il with
you --your (h'Nclopnicnt is so j^Tcat aii'l rupi'l aii'l tho oM ninji, uU erroii'OUs — I
am not ovi'U sure that flir ('.'UiU'Uain of tin' tMut wouM hf al>!" to puss a ^itiifao-
t'Tv examination in the jjcOg'raphy of thf Saskatchewan, the r-aoe an'l th';
Mai'ken/.ii.' (li-<ti'icts hut thouLjh your frieiiils at home have uti imp'-rfect knjw-
\i.-'\^<- of the country, tliey have a ;,'raml idea of it. In fact, the most po-^tic
i'leas liave arisen concerning' thiiij^s with whicli nn-n were not aC'iuuint'.'l. Thoy
knnw, in a vn;,'ue way, that (.'anada is t,Mvat and i^'rand, and how that is, in u\y
phh'^'iuatic, nri)-;alt' anil colorlrss way 1 will he ahle ti> explain to thfiii. But I

am sure no description 1 can j,mv(,' them will exceeil the conc'-ptions thi'y hi',
ahva Iv formed. They ima'Mnc you, in an indistinct wav, to t)e fjreat, and in
return for kindness and hospitality I havt« received here I shall i,'ive tli'Ui more
particular information. If my report ho favorable— an<l you can judi,'e from niv
reiiiiirk.s what it will he — it will ^'hidden the hearts of your countrymen at
home. (Cheers). It will make their eyes ^'listen for you, fellow countrymen
and felhr.v Canadian .Mibjects, as they feel the great '>st int»'rest in onv colonial —
I will n(;t .say depeiideni-ies hut dominions forming part of the great empire, in
which everywhere we ai-e all eipml and enjoying all the privileges of the mother-
land. Whatever y(jur prosperity may be they will rejoice exceedingly. They
will rejoice with \o\i when vou rejoice; they will wi.'.'p with vou when vou hav.'
occasion to wee|>. In fact, they feel a patriotic, friendly, and indeed, brotherly
sentiment toward you in c(jmmon with all the colonies of the British Empire.
(Loud anil prolonged cheei-ing).

MR C. C. FRANCE,

ntiother member of tlie Association, .said he had the opportunity of being a
witness of Sir Richard's .statement concerning the words and .sentiments whicli
a!\!mat>.d the As.sociatiori regarding this country. There wos not a membor of
the as'^ociation who came to this great country but returned v 'th his eyes opened
very Considerably. It became a matter of consideraVde importance what was to
lie the future of this country — whether the depression which had existid ovtr
Ens'li^h aLrriculture for six or soveii years was attributalile to the climate or
the disastrous seasons, or whether in the capabilities of this land was to be
found a coming influx of wheat and crttle such as has been recently arri\ing on
the shores of England. He was convinced it was, and that this would be a
great food-producing country.

DR. CHE.\DLr,

said when he vi;ite 1 tlie Canadian North-West before, it had exercised such a
fascinati(jTi, that he had greatl)' wished to come again. Tliat visit and hope of
the fiiture had licen j)ostponod from year to year but at last the dream had been
realized and he had lieeu able to visit these shores once more. He referred to
the little kuowledure in Enghuid of this country twenty years ago. It wa.><
re '•arded as a cold desolate region, i'ound by frost and iidiospitable, whii-h grew
nothiii" except the fur-beariiiLr animals and if the people of Canada only knew
these facts they would value even more tiian ever the present visit of the
British Association, as it would poui' on the old country a tlood of evidence of a
most convincing charact^'r, giving tin- real facts of tin- case. He referred to tlie
remarkable yield of wheat in .Manitolni, and touched on the unequalled pa.sturage

• !

►i

11

for ciittli' uloti'' till- Sii-«l\nti'Ii< v .Hi

W (

!l ,1. th' il.-j»i'i(s i.f iM.il till- iti^^'l loll t Hi"

country. This ^'|•l^lt coimtiv, tak<'ii iis a wliulf, lu; >\\<\, «,■. ms to possisn
resources of all kituls nf its own. Tlin only tliiiiL,' Wiiulcl on Iii-s pc'vious visit
wn.s an oiitl-t for tin* |iro.liicts ok' tlu- conntiy aii<l tint, was now ail'oriloil hy tli.'
AuiTUV of tif (lovornni'iit iiii'l tlif Canii'lian I'aritic Ilnilway. ( >no jioint li^
wouM liko t ) imII att-'ntiou to was this, that thf ni-inhurs of th" Assoi'iutioii
Wfif ^oaii;^' away v ith n t'al>f impn^^ion of thi* country, as thiy ha^l soiti it only
aloti;;- thi-' liiif of thu Canailian I'ai-itlc K.iilway, lui'l hail not li'hcl"! atiotln i
Ji.strict whii'h 'UfV.rs ;^'n'atly fioin it — he nii'unt the Valley i»f the .Siskatcihewan,
with its vii'ws ainl va!i.'s, hikes, stivams ainl woo^Is, with its i^reat I'orests to the
north, t'xten.liii;; to the ivn/.vu re;i(ion.s of the Airtic riroK'. lie Ml
tliat the I'anailian Ciovi-rninent uml the people of the North-West were
actinef likt^ the .school-hoy with tht; cake — lie kept the plums to the
last. So ("aiiii'la was keeping; the plum to the cikI, hut he was j^hi'l
that a railway was projcct<ii throuj,'h the fertile helt. .Vnotln'r point
to whieli he desiriMl to call attiMition was that in the Huckies thoy had seen a
district ahoundiii;,' in the iiioit spleivliil scenery, Imfc though they had st;en all
the ;^'l()ries of that ;^'ri'at mass they knew little of the be;iuties LMjutaiiied in tie
recesses uf the Mountains. There is a splendid reeruitiii!,; ;;rouiid which will
rival Switzerland, and he hoped on his next and third visit tu Canada to lind
tlie citi/ens of Winnipeg' and those from all parts of Canada spu'inlin:,' in the
recesses of the mountains a time of leisure and dissipatiiiij with ph^asure some
of the wealtli whicii he had no doubt would ci:)me with rapidity. A notable
chanfje since Ids previous vi.sit was the ditl'erence in tin' commissariat for whih'
then there e\try exertion was rei[uired to obtain sutlioient to maintain life, now
the great .struLj;,de was to avoid takintj tof) much. The farther they went from
the centres of civilization the (greater were the luxuries with which they were
surrounded. In rej,Mrd to the manner in which the C. P. K. and the people of
Canada hail treated the Association, he would say that it was hospitable, gener-
ous and liberal beyond expectation. This ureat excursion to the Rockies was
beyond anythinLj before tlaaight of , he tlioULjht all had enjoyed it and would
carry back to iOn^land th'- ph-asantt-'st recollections, while they wouldbe ever
ready to welcome to England those Canadians whom they had met.

PROF. SHELDON

he
lot

had
for

said that this was his fourth visit to Canada an'i
enjoyed it more than any other. It had fallen to his
several years past to address the public through pamplilets in regard to
the resources of Canada, and he could .sav that manv had come from the old
countiy on account of his writings, no less than 00 from Buxton, in Derbyshire,
beinw induced to come to Canada on that account. He felt that liowe\'er many
may come, if they are industrious and frugal, they wouM have done a good thing
in leavini' over-cr.iwded Mn^land and casting tlieir lot in this great country. He
congratulated the Coverniiieiit and the Syndicate on the pluck and enterpri.se
they had displayed in building this great line, and they thus enjoyed tlie credit
of having constructed tlu? longest railway in tlie world, extending from the
Atlantic to the racitic. This land would be of no use for agricultural pur[)Ose.s
but for tliis great road. Touching on the agi-icultural prospect-; of our North
West, Prof. Sheldon said lie had bi'en deli'^htdl with the views of beautiful rolling
land in the foot hills of the Rocky .Mountains, covered with a ht.-rbiage wliicli
excelled any he had seen in any other part of the world. This grass is well
adapted for ranching purposes, and the laml als(j is r<jlliiig and hilly so that it
atlbrds a natural shelter for cattle in the winter. Yet he found that it was not
advisable to tru-st altogether to providence but to provide some artificial

111

it>< !

15

shultor. Witli n'n'.iril to tin.' ijreat plains, he thought he cuiiM per-

for riii-^iiiL^ wln.'at

iUl'

ptTlrips, Corn, whil.'

till- tir.st prill iplr-; for

siK-Oijssful iiu'i-iculluri'. He was [)art iciilai-ly struck with tli'- iiiimL'iis<^ I'.vll Farm,

o.'ive much laiiij tit

it WIS specially ailapt'sl for turnips. Here wert

iLji'iculti
aii'l fi'It that it w;i> cuu.lucti'il oti souu'l, coiiuue'rcial priii('i[)li's, hut at the sam
tinit; Major Dell Ii.kI maiK; a strikiu:;' remark which he fe-lt liouuil to r''[)eat.
.Major Bell ha'l saiil that, allowinij ^ ['I'r ct.'Ut. on the ca[iital iiivcsf-'l, h..' wouM
he able to (,leli\ir wlu'at at I-i\'er[iool at twenty shillin^-s a ipi.irt.T, or les> than
half the present price. If this was ilotie hy the Bell farm it couM h.' doiu; b\'
iji'liviilual setllei'--, anil if it wei'r true, he feareil to think of the efl'i'Ct -^ui/h a fact
would havt,' on the lMi:.;lish farmt>rs, who wouM then he more hopehv-ly out of
the r.'K-e than >'ver. The North-West wants population, whih/ in Kn.;! ind th.;".-
have too much of it. The fecundity <>f the l^n;^lish [leople is pro\erhiaI and th ■
result is that there many are sutleriii'^ from over-crowdiii'f. The development
of a'j;rienltin't' is, the lirst thiny the peoj le of Canada must turn to, anil in order
to do that they want to have over from England people who understand agricul-
turi- and will carry on this work of development. There are many f;irhi-;r-
stauvlin.'' up like rotten walls trvinj to make hoth ends meet, ami th.-'s.,- lie felr
wo'i'.d lualxi- much if they gave up their farms in Engdand and, breaking u[:
their associations for a time, come here where, as he had heard it said, each man
could eat in peace under his own vine and tig-tree. He believeil that not only
would the Canadian North-West be tlie food producing centre for Canada but
parth' for England also, but that the people should go largely into cattle ranch-
ing— and h.e would state that the best land for that purpose was not coiiriued to'
tlie farther west but the whole prairie was titterl tuider proi)er means for caith-
ranching. Whether Canada remained in its present political condition united to
l*lngland, or becanu' separate' (cries of "never"), or became atnie-xed to some other
cuantry (cries of "no," "no,") — whatever might be the political futin-e of Canada,
he was sure its a'a-icultural and conunt'rcial future contained elements of ver\-
niagniticent achievements. (Cheers).

PROF. FRASER

spoke of the immense capacities and capabilities of this country, anil said that
when they returned to the old country they would ever bear in niin'l th''
pleasure of their visit to the Rocky ^b^untains and would scan the papers with
an ea^er eye to see if there is anything relating to Calgary, Moose Jaw, Mediciu'
Hat or any of those rapidly growing western towns — the names of wliich would
never f.vde- from their memory. Ihi said the party had come here almost a--
strangers, but they had established a bond of interest which cmild never dh'
On their return to England they would correct any erroneous impressions which
had been made of this country. He thaid<ed Prof. Macoun for th'.^ kindness he
ha<l e.\tended to the party and b.e would never forget him. He would als,'
remember the kindness of his colleagues who were connected with him. In
triivellin;" across this great westv-rn land it struck the party as one of promist.
ai^.l oiie'of greatness; the fultillnu'iit of it many would never li\e to see.
British ener'n', British inlluence and British blood would make it a land flowing
with milk and liou' y.

Prof. M(;Adam, Prof. Whitaker and others made lirief addresses, all t-rstifying
to the gi-eat capabilities of the Canadian North-West, and the advantages it
iiflered tM intending emigi-ants. Prof. McAdam said that wdnai he returned to
En-hind he wouUttell the people there wdiat this country was like for raiding
graiii, and had no hesitation in saying that many of the Scotch farm.u-s would
leave their farms tht;re and come to Manitoba.

f

}

IG

SIR iiriTou i..\N(ir,\ IV,

\

H

tlie Miiiislor of PwMii' Works i;!' (Ill' l)i)miiiiiiii I'T ( 'ilia'!:!. in:i'!.' a \i.sit to tln'
Nortli-W'fst. tiiis yen-. In a ])ti!ilii.' ;i.'l>hv.s.>, iil'trr makiu'^ an cxti-ndnl triji
throuL,^) Maiiitoh.!. lie s r.il : I lia\'' m'. u this I^ovincr, t'> spfak ol" which woul'l
be to t'-'ll whit all kii^w. Hii' I can .sa}- th.al it is a hcautifiil I'lMviiu'c au'l ha->
a great I'utm-c h'i'iu-,' it.; that it ha> a nii>>t. fertile soil aii'l its pru ictive quali-
ties are iiicahailahle ; th.it thfi-i" is iM,>ni t'er thousan'K ot' setllers; that it is beiiiL,'
peopled l>y a select set of men from the othiT countries of the' "vorM ; tliat you
don't intend to divi.le, and that yoii wish tic progress of the pfovincc but in
connexion wit'i the re^t of the Dominion. ((.'he>'r,s.) Up to now the provinces
have been separated by the L,'feat lak'vs, ainl you iiave not l)een given the coni-
niunication tiiai your activity and cnerL^y /e-iiuire. I'tou't lose patience as in
eii^ht or ten immths lujre you will have conuuunication over the line north of
Lake Superior. There' is no reason why you shoald nut then \isit us mor"
frequently.

Capt. Scott—Some people do alreaily. (Lau.jhtor.)

Sir He'ctor Lan^^t-vin — Ves, because the people eh'Ct them and send them, but
anyway I want tii'' people to eouh' and see us frequently. We ar<' well dis[)(^sed
toward you. We ha\e no iirejudiees towards the people of Manitoba. We wish
to treat them a^ we d'-ir,' to lie treated ourselves. But let me i,'o back to tin-
immense prairies which are fast disappearing liefore the cultivation of the
settlers. There ^■ou see wdiere fifteen nvjuths a^'O th-'re was notlrn'' Vmt the
bare prairie to-day a town fif from 700 to 1,000 peojile— towns of respectable
size, thriving towns sueii as wouhl be an honor to any part (.)f the Dominion and
inhabited by men of jiluek who intend that they shall l)e prosperous cities.
Wiiuiipeg had In'tter look out for these rivals, for there is great enterprise in the
west. They look at Winnipeg as their model and hope soon to equal it in pro-
portions and then ]ni.>li ahead oi it.

Capt. Scott — We ^\■ill go with them.

Sir Hector Langevin — That will be a desirable emulation. These towns
will succeed. I ha\ e my mind's i-ye upon them but I will not name them as that
might be invidi(;us, but 1 will say that they are' beautifully situat'.^d, their prospects
are n^ood and 1 have no doubt they will secure a larire share of trade and <;o on and
prosper. 1 have also seen the counii'v, I lia\e seen the peojilc, I havi' seen tiu'
farmers, I ha\ e seen the llelds, 1 ha\e seen the produce, I have seen the grain on
the fields. Gentlemen, 1 have simmi the country, and it is a fertile aii'l healthy
one. The soil is so good that 1 ha\(! yet to tiu'l an acre of bad land in all my
travels. (Cheers.) There were stoides of tiie existene'e of a great wilderness:
because thev had oi,ij on the (^ther sid'.- it was thought thi-i''.' should be one here.
But it d<je's not exist, instead, of a sterile and l)ari'eu land 1 found a good and
fertile country, and in tlie modid farms established by tlie C. V. 11. to show thr
richness o'f the .soil, I s:i\\ m\>elf crops that ^verc standing and i'ro[>s that were
cut, and wh.'it did 1 lind ' 't'hat on the ex[)erinu iit;d farms thei'i' was the mo-t
beautiful wheat, tie- brst oats pos.-,ible, and most promi-ir.g cabbage-, and \-ege
tables. I sawsoiii" of the b-st farms in tie.' North-W'.'st at Calgary. J saw a
delegation of neai tlie!'' fi'oin (^Ja'dirc — iin'ii of e duration, pr;retlc d farmers--
asceitainiu" how thi' land was, and b.d'ore they Irft liny mad^ oOO iiitiiis for
settl'.Ts wdii) will be broii-ht fioin t\i>- Ivistfrn 'I"ownsliip>. Xo betlri' cNi.l.'nci;
than that .should 111' iii'cdid to pi'ovt.' that the land is good, as they cannot be
de'Cei\fd, l^riii <■ iir.eaiod farm. r^. 'i'herid'oi-i.', let us ti'i'at th';-'' stoiirs about the

writing ii.'ing a d''S'-rt as fal

I

lave visiteil I.U'g'' mU'I small
'one to the liiviutiful J'idl farm where' I saw o.oOO a"iv> in wIeMt

.ii'ins, 1 havr
I .oi'i) in oats

an'

i oOi.) ill tlax, and L was told thr I'i'sult this year wcmM be 1 -J.'),') •.)'.> bu-

iieis ul

'(!

'i'

I'm

nrj-innin:,'.

17

wheat ami 80,000 biislids of nnt<. Aii'l, L,^>'iit.li;ii.'M, tli;it is only the 1
You can jivlgr .soin>'\vhat of tli^' ri'stilt win u I t..'!l you tli'it tii- aniouiit of land
culth'at'Ml is iMjUal to a haiiil roui- t'tet \vh\v. all arouinl tin; t;artli. N'.xt year
there will h,- )-_*niM) or lo.ODO a"i-i's uii'lrr croi) aii.l tln^y will cojitiiui" to incp.'a-,c
until a total of "i."), (,)()() jicrt's is la-ou^-lit unilri- culti\ation. 'J'li.,- cart- of such a farm
is great, with tolt'[)honi's to all .sections i^nviiiLf unlt'rs to tin- farmers, anil while I
was tlierc I .saw 4i! self-bimlers at work, five or si.x; lar^e eu'^'ines anil I <lon't
know how niai\y reapers. 'I'lils farm is a cre'lit to any country and it .show3
what lahor and care can do. If they can produci.' such ero]H, lun.'ly our man can
do the same on a smaller sealc. I also vi>iti,'il the Syki's farm, the SitDn farm,
and tliat of ^^r. Claude Ilainilton, who lias a licld of wh^'at exteuilirvj; a mile
each way. After .s))eakin;^r jibout the .soil let me say a few words about the men.
I have fouiid them the ir^ost intelli;fent, earnest atid ambitious men I have met in
any country — ambitious to make tliLs a jj;reat and prosperous couiitry. I have
seen them-and sj>)ken to them, for I wanted to know, not only what .scenery, .soil
and produce you had, but what the mi^i hatl to say, whether they Wt-re pleased
or whether there were any that grumbled — au'l grumblinc,' is tliu birthright of
every British subject. I have seen tliese men and asked them what their griev-
ances are. The men in the towns ? No. They were satistie'l v/ith the present,
that it was good. The farmers? I asked what they thought, and they all but
two said they were satisfied with their position in the country — that they
believed they would have a large crop and bountiful harvest. These men said
they found the land policy of the Government was most liberal, and they were

right.

HON. ALEX. MACKENZIE,

who was Premier of Canada from 1873 to 1873 and wlio is now a member of
the House of Commons, made his first visit to Manitoba and the Territories
during the past summer. On his return lie addressed a public meeting in
Winnipeg, saying among other tilings: —

" I think a o-ivat deal of the countrv. I have read accounts of tlio voyages
of early fathers and works of Sir Alexander Mackenzie and other writers, and
have come to the conclusion that we have in the North-West Territory, and in
this Province, too, the finest part of the great continent which we inhabit. I
have visited the coal mines of the Saskatclnnvan, and have been enabled to see
some of the mineral wealtli this country contained. The amount of this wealth
is perfectly inc<,)mprehensible to anyone. The coal fields were hundreds of miles
in extent, auil at one place passed through a seam of coal forty feet in thickness.
The question of soil, I have no doubt wdiatever, is .^olved. The question of the
climate is one that requires some attention, also that of the quantity of tl e rain
fall. In many countries besides tliisthe want of rain is a ditReultv and irri-a-
tion has to be resorted to. If the amount of rain that has fallen about \\'iniii[K'g
duriiv' the last two or three weeks were distritiuted fairlv the wants of other
places would be to a certain extent supplied. If other places are not so ,acatly
blessed as this I hope that something will be done to am-diorate the condition of
those districts where the rain fall is small, and I have no doubt that it can be
done. I have no doubt eitlu'i' of the pi'obability of removing another diilieulty,
the preseni^i^ of alkali, by eulti\ation. My friends and myself have visited the
experimti *al farms in order to satisfy ours"l\-es as to the ri'sults of the cultiva-
tion >)f this one \--\ir, and the results seem to ww to bi" satisfactory ; from all the
inform.itiou I ci)uld gatluT thi-re could be no douI)t that the whole country, less
a small pi'i-ciiita^'i', could lie cultivated with satisfactory risults. 1 liad heard
before leaving home that in tic neighbourhood of the gri.'at ranches of the west
there was no wdieat gi'owing; that with trilling exceptions the land was

f i

I ,,

18

'H

r I

thnroUL;lily iiiisiiitfil to aifiicullnr.il purposes; liut when wu roachcil Calirary wl-
ascortaiiu'd fnun ufulai' iliiuonstnitioii thut thu tiucst criips in thv^ Xijrtli-\\'ost
were grown Lli.^rr. I s;ns oats in wliicli T was aVile to l.il-^ iiiy->ijll\ and barley,
wlicat aii'l I'O'tts of enormous pri>poitions. All the grain S'.xMiieil of a most
satisfaetory (les(;ri})tion."

A FALSEHOOD DISI'KOVED.

A special train uC a novel eharauter, eoniposod of fourtoon cars and locomo-
tive, lett the Winnipeg yard on Friday, I'lih October, IS::^^, bound for the West.
It contained teams, men and outfit necessary for the establishing of experimental
farms along the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway west of ^Ioose Jaw.
Readers will recollect the late clforts of many prominent men and newspapers
to belittle tlu^ territory along the line between Moose Jaw and Cal'Mrv, even
going so tar as to assert t iiat this large tract was made up of desert and alkali
lands, entirely MutU. for eultivation, as the following quotation will show :

"Tho Coniiiaiiy liavc Iven pprinillcd to iHvorl. tli'iir inriia line so far tc the south tlmt/07' huri'ired.^ of
v\.Ve^it riiiii tlin^u'ih hiixl •i-hir!, {-s ii ii 'if i'<)r .'f'fl':in -nf When thoy .ulied f.ir s'lrh an alteration of ihV
rontract in thoir l';i\iir, tnr-\ shnuM Imve iiirn warneil ttitt they wowlil -.tJl h» i oinpvUod to tixke the cliif;'
P'\rt (if tho land iiib^iily ali>n ,- thi' line ot Uailway. They ktimv whut the la'iii< thoy \vi->hoil to travi-rs^ iire
like. Thtir (I ■'icrdl rlitirii-tcr li(t-: lurn kiiotcii /■>!• a (lU'irtcr of a rcntur;/. Th'-;/ Ciins'ifiitc the noith'rn
portion of ayrcnt .iincricdJ (hicrt, u-lr'rii ispnjrctcd like the apex of a cone in'j Canadian territory "

To prove how utterly at variance with the facts such assertions as these were
the C. P. R. Company eonceive'd the itlea of establishing farms at various points
to test the agricultural capabilities of this district. The Directors did not
undertake this woi'k with the view of satisfying themselves us to the fertility
of these lands, and the correctness of locating the line where it has been con-
structed, but tludr desire was, by absolute proof, to show to the many thousands
of tourists, cajiitalists and .settlei-s who would travel over the section of the line
between Winnip'"j: and the Pvockv Mountains that tlieir assertions as to the
value of this lauil were well foun<led, for while ad\erse opinions were heM and
any doubts remained, it v/ould bi.' dithcult to get farmers to try an experiment in
whicli th{.'re was the slightest chance of failui'e.

As the season was far advanced, it was necessar\ tn a^Iopt a plan for cover-
infT the iTi-cfxtest extent of territorv in th.c shortest time, that adopted was as
follows: Tho o"at ion for the farm decided on, the thirt} teams were unloaded
in the niorninu and put to work under the dii>'.-tioii of oU'.- of the Coinp.anyV
tield ins[v'Ctor.s, and continued to break thi'oughour the d;iy. The Compauy'.s
land eomniissioner, ;iftt-r seeiuL'; t\\(' day's work fairly st;\rteil, took the locmo-
tive and liis car, auil went in advance until In.' fouiiil ;i sui.alle place for tb'-

ne>
mo

L'xt day's o[)eratio!u^ returning to the fir>t point in the evening to load up au
lOve the entire outlit duiing the nigiit to tln^ next lor.atiou chosen.

The farms wi're e.>tal»lished at the following stations; l.Secretrai; 2, Rus..
Lako ; :}, Swift, Cur)-ent ; K (dull Lak(! ; .3, Maple ( 'r^ek ; »">, Forro : 7, Dunmcu-e ;
8, Stair ; fthes^- two being the nearest .stations ea>t and w.-^t of M;dieiii(,> Ifat ''.t
the crossing of the Sask.-itehewan River) D.Tilley au'l KV Gleiehen, the- lasi, lu-ing
within view of the Rocky Mountains. Tli'' breaking throughout wa ; fomul to
be easy, the soil in e\ ery case good and in mo>t inst;i)iC'-s excellent, ranking witli
the choicest lauds in the ( 'omjiany's more easte'rn bi-it ; wherever the ratiuLr of
the soil i-; lowei',-d, ae.i.i-iling to the Company's st.andard, owing to its being of
a lighter grail<\ the itd'criority will be eomjieiisated for by the certainty of the
grain maturing more rapiilly.

The des.^riptiiai-; of the various f.irms and the .-alings, as per the Company's
uniform cla<Nitieation, of tho sections at tin; ten farms aecir'ling to their num-
bers, are as follows . It I'i'ing undi.-istood that under the Company's system of
examination, uU lands rated at U are excellent b;r general farming purpose.^,

,11

I

111

19

« *

Imt may covor .■^I'Ncval .K'-criiilioi) ,, nunilKT 1 mxly b''in^^.su[)';riur, to obluu wliich
liiltt-T iM^inj; till' >nil mu-t b.' of ilie very higlie.^L known ([uulity in every respect
lUid ])rartically iiu'xliau-^tilili'.

Sici'Ltdn — Sections .'vt niiil I5.")/J'o\vn.sliip 17, RaiiL(c 4, west of the .Trd Princi|.a]
Meridian. Gruuml was broken at Secretan Station, 4 }■:} miles we-jt of Winni-
peg, at a point tw.nty miles beyond the last settler's liouse, within sight of tlie
line, on Monday, October ir)th, ISS.'). Tiiis farm is established oa the summit of
the Missouri C'oteau, at an elevation of 22>S4 feet above the sea level. Elevt-n
;ind a lialf acres were broken at this point. Classification of soil : clay loam,
five to ti'n inches ilrcp, sub-soil sandy clay, rates H.

Ru-ih Lah'. — Section 14, Tijwnship 17, Range 11, west of the 13rd Principal
Meridian. 4S9 miles west of Winnipeg. Elevation 2.'U0 feet above the sea
level. Thirteen acres of ground were broken at this point, situated on a slightly
rising iiiece of ground north of the track, a little west of the station. Soil-
sandy loam, five to eight inches deep ; sub-soil — sandy clay, gravelly on ridges,
rates li.

In this locality there is a large quantity of good agricultural land, with a
favorable slope and drainage. Rush La'"- is a larire sheet of water and in tlie

along

tl

le

autumn swarms with ducks, geese, swans and pelican. The rushes
western shore, from which the lake derives its name, ati'ord excellent cover fur
shooting, and this lake is becoming a celebrated sporting ground. Large
quantities of hay were put up at the western end of the lake, dur'ng the
construction of the prairie section of the Canadian Pacitic Railway.

Sioift Current. — 510 miles west of Winnipeg. 2430 feet above the level of
the sea. 20 acres broken. Situate on Section 11), Township L5, Range 13 west
of the 3rd Principal Meriilian, south of the track and east of the river, on the
tirst bench of the valley proper. This is a representative section of a vast
tract of land, stretching from tlie Saskatchewan River on the north to the spurs
of the Cypress prills on the south. Soil varies from clay loam to sandy loam
ten to fifteen inches deep with clay and sandy clay sub-soil. Swift Current
Creek is a rapid, clear stream, rising in the Cypress Hills, and flowing into the
Saskatchewan River, and as it has a considerable volume of water during the
entire year, would afford excellent water power at many points along its
course.

Gull Lake — 510 miles west of Winnipeg— Section 23, Township, 13, Range
19, west of the 3rd Principal Meridian; 2.5G'J feet above the sea level. Thirty
acres broken. This farm occupies a commanding position to the south of the
track and surrounding the station. Soil, a sandy loam, eight to eighteen inches
deep, with sandy ;iud sandy clay sul)-soil. Rates H to 2. Near this farm are
many small lakes and Gull Lake, from which the station takes its name ; these
like all the waters of the North-West Territorv, abound in wild fowl. Much
of the land south of this point, towards the Cypress Hills, is of very good
quality, the soil being richer and heavier than that of the farm.

Maple Creek — 507 miles west of Winnipeg; 2500 feet above sea level. Sec-
tion 15, Township 11, Range 25 west of 3rd Principal Meridian. Eighteen acres
broken in a very line position to the north of the track, on the nearest available
point to the station and in full view of the town. The track here runs through
a flat wdiich some describe as an " alkali bottom." Li order to test it for agricul-
tural purposes, a piece of the bottom in a<ldition to the main farm on tlie
sloping upland was broken. Several miles to the south of ^Faple Creek, in the
direction of Cypress Hills, were found patches of land broken during the j^ast
summei", and tht; soil on the tops of the hi^di hills was equally as gi)od as that
in the iinmediat(^ neighborhood of the station. It is of a somewhat lighter
nature thati in Manitoba, but settlers may ount on a better climate, and, with

i

20

proper fanning,', more certii'm oiops. Soil — saiuly Inam, .six to tv/i.-lve inch^'.s
deep. Siilisoil--sanily clfiy. lialvs 11. Maple Ci-eek i.s oik- of the ni<>t pronii-'-
iii;4 of the many risui:;- towns on the C. P. 11., and to the .south, ea^t and west
there is a hir^e area of country admirahly suit'Ml fi;r scttleiuijut. Tlic h;nd is of
excellent ([uality and is traversed liy many small streams of pure-?* \v;iter which
rise in the Cvprcss llills, El>ewlii're water oi isnnil (lualitv is ea■^ilv ohtained \'\
uigj;niL;. Lar^e (piantitios of excellent prairie hay ari- amiually cut, anil in the
Cypre.^s Hills to the south tle're is aliinidance of timhcr for fer.cin:,', Iniildini;
Ioljs and lumbi'i-. Two sawmills on the Hills are turning out large quantities
of pine huubei', .shingles and lath of tine (juality. Stock wini-r out, an'l thrive
well on the nutritiotis grasses of the foot liills, and many tliousaivl head will this
sca.soii be shipped at this p(jint from the ranclics of Northern Montana. There is
alrcii'ly a eon.^iderahle numlier of settler.s in the lor'ality, and negotiations' are
pending for the settlement of twn large colonies in the coming spring.

Foiiws — 61.3 miles west of Winnipeg; Situate on Section 31, Townsliip 12,
Range ilS west of 'SvA Principal Meridian. 2407 feet above sea level. 2S acres
broken. Soil — light, sanely loam, live to twelve inches deep, with sand and
sandy clay .sub.soil. Rates l.l to 2. Forres farm being only eighteen miles west
of Maple Creek, bears almost the same redation to the Cypress Hills as that place,
and the remarks made' with regard to >oil, v.ater, hay and timber supply in that
locality are equally applicable to this place. There are as yet uo settlers in the
immediate vicinity.

Dunmore — Gol miles west of Winnipeg. 240G feet above sea level.
Situate on Section 7, Township 12, Range 1 west of 4th Principal Meridian. o5
acres broken. The land appears ligliter than the other farms, being sandy loam
four to eight inches deep, with sandy subsinl. Rates 2. Dunmore farm is about
10 miles east of the South Sa'-katchewan River, wdiero it is crossed by the main
line of tl)e Canadian Pacilic Railway. The South Saskatchewan is a
magnifi(^eut stream, and is traversed by steamers from Medicine Hat to
the Gait Coal Mines, a point over 100 miles west of the railroad cross-
ing. This River is navigable to its junction with tlie North Branch,
where the main stream is formed. The North Branch has for
aiany yeai's bi.'en navigated as far as Edmonton near the foot of the Rocky
Mountains. With slight improvemejits th(^se streams will make water com-
munications of incalculable value in the future development of this country.
Thi.s place is easily supplied with lundjer frou. the Cypress Hills and much of
the intervening country is of very superior quality for agriculturid and grazing
purposes. Bi'l'ore passing to the western Ijanks of the Saskatchewan a word
with reijard to the Cvi'ros Hills countr\-. A lar je area of tle-ie hills themselves
and al>o of tlie Foot Hills, where not timbered, is adnurably a'lapteo to grazing
and dairy farming. Cattle have wintered out here foi- many years and a herd
of several hundred head owned by Major Shurtlille of the North-West Mounted
Police came through the last winter in excellent condition. Tlv country is ad-
nuraljly a'lapted to .sheep raising, ])eing almost entirely free fn).n tiie .spear or
porcupine gras.s, the danger from wdiich has been .so much spoken of. It is
more than probable that a large extent of this country will be 'mmediately used
for sheep raiding, which industiy will, as .settlement advances, give place to
mixed farnung.

Stuir — GG8 miles west of Winiupog. 24:]!) feet above the >ea le^•el. Situate
on Si'ction 11), Town-hip lo, Ibinge G west of the 4th Prineijuil Meridian.
Eighteen acres broken. Soil, clay loam, six to ten inches d.ep ; sub-soil, clay.
Rates U. A large (puuitity of similar land is to be found in th.e .surroun<ling
country. This faiin is situated to the nortli of the station, eight miles v,est f rom
the crossing of the Saskatchewan River. From this station a spur line runs

li

M

21

,s>)ut1nvnril'^ to tlic cunl mine; of tlii> Saskatrhowan (''I'll Comp.'inv, a" •">•!: i mi!'.-
ntiil a half distant. This cninpany's mino is locu-l on a ra\in-j r'. . ■■ in tht;
Saskatc'lit'v.'an llivcr. Tin: scam hciiiif workel is ai^out two Imn'iro I I • -t oj!i>\v
(he i)raiii<' K'\»-! ami ahoiit Unt fia't thick. Thi' cual is brouijht to [ r..ii'ie levei
}iV ii double track indincil railway, worked by a .stationary L'ni;in". Tiio coal i.s
of the fiinn known as li^^fnit", of ;^-oo(l (|uality, and tli-; ([uantitv i-, ra-a'''tically
incs;haustiblo as the .siMin may be traccil in its (iut(.TO[i|)in_''s for s-iv-ral miles
,il')n;^ the river. Then' are numerous locations v.h'Te tin; settler nj.iV mine foj'
himself by simply dril'tiiii,' into the banks.

TUU'ii — 71'i miles we->t of \Vinni[)e;4 ; 2470 fei-t above sea love!, i^ituate on
Section 19, Township 17, Fiance 12 west of 4th Prinei[jal Meridian. .'^ >i!. .■^andy
loam, medium H^jht, six to eii^ht inches deep; clay subsoil. Ibitu'S 1^ .^lueh of
the .soil had been removed by prairie lires and other causes, h/avin^' p iv-h-.'S of
exposed subsoil, showin<f traces of alkali, which, ti^^'cther with soiivj v.^'-; brush
iind cactus, gives the laud an arid appearance. This farm is situ-u-jd c! :-:•.• to the
station, south of the track, and is somewhat low lying, presenting \\\'.\rv an un-
promising apfMi'arance. It is not liy any means a fair specimen of t.'c"; lands in
this locality, but was chosen lather with a view of testing land of i..\< cl i~s. To
the north of the station is a lake ami marsh of considerable ex:.:,-:, -.'.liieh in
sca.son swarm with myriails of duck, geeso, .swan and other wild fjwl.

Glclchcn — 7^') miles West of Winninef: ; 2061 fcjt abo\-(: .sea level. Situate
on south-west quarter of Section 13, Township 22, llange 23, west of -r:'; Princi-
pal Meridian. The farm lies north of the station. Its soil is a ric'.i >! .:k loam,
eiirht to fourteen inches deep, v.dth a clav and sanilv clav subsoil, nr.-r.^ No. 1.
Tiie farm contains furtj'-two acres. It is .situated at the end of the Slxt'i Divi-
sion of the railway west of AVinnipeg, where there is a round-house ai^.l work
shops, together v.dth offices and buildings usual to a divisional rer:..iij.!s. The
land is a fair specimen of the district which s*Tetclies many miles in --v' ry direc-
tion. To the south of the railway track is the reserve of the Blacki . : '.rice of
Indians, on the banks of the Bow River, which lias its rise at the s'im:;.;c of the
Rocky Mountains, whore its valley affords a pass renowned for its loau'v and
grandeur. On the reserve are two Indi;in villager, ctMuprising abnr. 2.''>J0 in-
habitants, who, as the large game is rapidly disapp:>aring with trie pre-juco of
civilization, are betaking themselves to agricultural pursuits, under the 'iireotion
of farm instructons appointed by the Government.

The <rrasse.s of this locality are admirably suited to stock raisin:: -n 1 'lairv
farming, the farm being situated on the eastern portion of the tar I'a-... . i _ra.dng
districts which stretch westward to the Rockies, whose snow-capped pc.'.ks are
distinctly visible through the clear atmosphere — some l')0 miles distant.

About tifteen miles to the east lies the celebrated coal seam that o::ps -nit on
tl'.c banks of the Bow River, near the Blackfoot crossing, and tr-ii Is n-riherly
along the Crowfoot Creek. This seam was traced last winter for several miies
bv mcai\s of boriivs carried on by the Canadian Pacitic Railway Qon\^-x\w. The
seam wherever tested .showed a good quality of coal ten feet in tnie.<:i: -s. It
was found at depths \'arying from 0.') to 11.5 feet below the surface. A -;;aft is
now being sunk by the C'ompany, with a view to its early developui..nt.

F.\UM Oi'LIlATlDNS DURING 1SS4.

It was not b. .ended to attempt the raiding of crops on the far.ns during the
season of 1S:S4. The itlea was to cultivate and prepare tl\e grouad th.v.Nv.ijldy, in
accordance with the best known practice of breaking and iiacksetting. so as to
have a seed-bed ready for the spring of ISS.I Those in charge of the w...rk were,
however, after seeing the land once tunned \\\\ >o impressed with t;\e belief
that a fair yield covdd be obtained, oven olF the sod, that it was decided to make

22

tlio attempt : con'^iilcriip^ it iHlvi>:ilil', in view of tin' reifrvatfil stai 'inont^ that
this section of (.■(.iintry wa . iiiilit fm- .si^ticiucnt, to run the ii>k of imp rfect cul-
tivjition ratliiT h'avi.' the luipui'tant (picstiou unsolvid for aiijtlu'r mmsou. A
special train tlien for.' left \\'iniii[n^^' (Mi 'rinirsijay, 27tli il'iy of Mardi, takinL,'
boarding cars, nirii, toaiin. iuiplcnu'ntN ami .S(r(l grain to comnunce tlio sj)ring
operations. At Winnipi';^- tliciT was still much snow on the ground, hut on going
westward the weather h' rame milder and snow disapjirared, so that when J)un-
niore was readied, on the 'JlHli, the snow was cntir<dy gene, the ground dry and
the frost out to a d«^ptli of sin-t;ral inclics. The ti-ain ariivnl at Cdcichen, the most
westerly of the farm^, on the IJOth, and iilou'diini' anil seeding eonimonced on
March lilst, with ground dry and weathi'i- mihl and beautiful overhead.

At each farm a small })lat was left to be planted with roots ami garden vege-
tables. Having regard to the date at which the bi-eakiuLT was done it need
hardly be said to those at all conversant with prairie farming, that the sod had
no chance to rot, and the land, when spring seeding was commenc\d, was pr.ie-
tically in the same condition as when loft i' the fall, so that a proper seed-bt d
could not be prepared, and, as a eouserpienee, much of the seed grain lay on the
surface to be dried up by the sun or carried olT by bii-ds and gophers. The
reader will bear in mind that the dates of breakincj refer to the ^ ear 188.'), and
those of seeding and harvesting to 1SS4

SECRET.AN.

The land in this farm was broken on the 15th October, and sown on Gth of
April ; the ground on that date being backset and the seed sown with a broad-
cast see<ler and harrowed in. During the afternoon rain and .sleet fell, and the
land containing a considerable amount of clay, the seeding was poorly done. A
few hills of potatoes were planted and some turnij)s sown on the 12lh of June.
The roots gave promist; of a fair 3"ield, but as there was no one left in cliarge, tliey
were (gathered by travellers bef(.)re j-eachiu;' nuitui'it\. The grain was cut on the
1st September.

Wheat yielded 22 bus. per acre.
Oats M 44g^f- II II II

Barley n 17^ n n n
Peas II 10 II 11 II

Note — The yield of peas on the several farms is no index to the value of the
crop in this countiy. The vines, though remarkably well podded, and the grain
of fine quality, were very thin on the ground owing to the impossibility of
covering the seed with the unrotted sod.

RUSH LAKE.

The land was broken on the ICth of October and .sown on the 1-ith of April,
The crop was harvested on the 1st of September.

Wheat }ielded 22k bushels per acre.
Oats
Barley
Peas

A few potatoes were planted on the 11th of Jiuie which did well notwith-
standing that they rec«ived no further attention.

SWIFT CUUI{1:N"T.

The land was brokeii en tlie 28th of October and grain was sown on the
12th and IGth of April, 'i'his farm was not fenecl till about the middle of June,
and the crop was considerah.ly damaged by the In<lian ponies and caltJe gra/Jng
on it. Oats wei-e cut on the loth of August and wheat on the 21st.

11

54A

n

II

II

18

II

II

II

12

M

II

H

\'M

2:i

1,1

WlicHt yioM(j(l i;U luisli.'l.-i jic'r aOro. Woi^'lit .per bush. GU lbs.
Oiits 11 ',]0 II II It

Teas ti 10^ ,

No barl((y sown.

GULL LAKE.

Laii'l broken oii thr'idth of OiLobc-r. Sowiiii^' [wns done on tlv' lltli anil
•2bi\i of April anil 1st of .May, and luirvcstin;^' (»ii iMli of Au;^M!-r and 7tli of
ScjitenibtT.

Wheat yielded 24 bu hols yn'V aero. Wciffht per bush. GO lbs.

.).)

41 lb>.
51 ]b.s.

Oats

Barley n 2'.)\l

PeavS .1 ICi I! II 11

Roots and garden vegetables did very well.

MAPLE CUEEK.

The land wu3 broken on thr ISth of October and the .seed .sown on the 10th
of April. Oats and barley were cut on the i)th of August and wheat on tlu;
10th of the same month.

Wheat yielded 22;} bushel.s per acre. Weight per bush. Gl| lb

Oats

11

49A

Barley

11

30]

Peaa

II

IH

II
II

,. 3Gi lbs.
51 lbs.

FORRES.

The land was broken on the 27th of October, auil the seed
sown on the 8th and 19th uf April, and harvested on tlie 11th mid 20th of
August. Wheat which was .-own on the 8th of April wa.s cut on the lltli of
August, taking only four months and three days to mature.

Wheat yielded 30^ bushels per acre. Weight per bushel 62A lbs.
Oats II 50 I. II It 41 lbs.

27 li

1 2

155

)0 lbs

Barley u
Peas II

Gardening was not commenced till the 27th of May, yet all garden veget-
ables, including corn, matured and yielded well.

DUNMORE.

The land was broken here on the 24th of October and sown on the 4th and
5th of April. Barley was harvested on the 23rd of July, oats on tlie Gth of
August and wheat on the 7th of August. Barley re(piiring three months and
sixteen days to mature, oats four months and one day and wheat four months
and two davs. Cutting was entirely iinisheil (m this farm on August Sth, which
shows how early the crops can be gathered in this section.

Gardening was not commenced till the 23rd of May, yet all vegetables,
cludin;,' corn, fullv matured.

Wheat yielded 20 bushels per acre. Weight per bushel, Go lbs.

Oats 11 38 }1 II 11 I. 40i Ib.s.

Barley i- 32,V m m m 50 lbs.

Peas II

ui-

m

STAIR.

Land was broken on the ISth of October and sown on the 3rd and 20th of
April. Bill ley was cut on the 25th of July, wheat and oats on the Uth of

August.

I '

I

24

Wheat yioMed l!i\ busli.-ls por acre. Wi-i^^'lit por IihIkI, C,-2\ lbs,

M

M

It

!•)

II

• t

12

II

rl

not \v('ij,hi.(l

II

52^ lbs.

II

Gt lbs.

Out-;
Burlcv
Peas '

GarJeuing was not coinuiciicod horo till the 2I.st of .M;iy.

TILLKY.

As befori' ri'iuarki.'il, •^i-c;\l results couM nut bo expeetcil from this bunl,
thoiiL,'h cultivatlun will nieiLlly impiMve it. This fann was biMjkfii un the 2nih
of OctolKf and suw n on th'' 2ii:l ul' April, when wvy wet. Barley w;i.s cut on
the Ibth of August, ami wluat and oats on the "J'jth of the same nionlh.
Wheat yielded 12 bushels per acre. Wei^^ht per bushel, oO lbs.
Oats n '^I^lf II II M not weighed

Barley .. 14 n u n 48 lb.i.

Peas M 10 II

Gardening commenced on the 19th of May.

OLEICHEN.

Land was broken on the 22ud of October and sown on the olst of Maieh and
22nd of April. Wheat and oats were cut on the 25th of August and the balance
of wheat on the 9th of Septendjer. This ilnished the harvesting on the experi-
mental farms.

Wheat yielded 28^ bu.shels per acre. Weight per bushel, 01- lbs.
Oats II 56;^ 11 M M 43^ lbs.

Peas II 13 ti

No barley sown.

AVERAGE FROM ALL THE FARMS.

Wheat, 2U bushels; Oats, 41] ; Barley, 23] ; Peas, 12L

The above yields wore asctiiained by accurately chainiuLr the ground and
weighing the grain, this woik being done by a qualified Donunioii Land Sur-
veyor, and the results, both favorable and otherwise, liave been fully given.

At each farm aliout one acre of spring wheat and oats were sown and har-
roweil in in the f;dl when breaking was done. Much of this grain germinated
durinir tlie nnld weather of Movemljer and December, at which time it showed
green above the ground, and as a consequence it was nearly all killed during the
winter, and the ground had to ho resowu in spring. Some small pieces of
wheat which were not entirely killed out were left, and, though the straw
showed a rank growth with h^ads of grain much larger tlian that sown in spring,
the crop ripened very unt>venly and nnich later. Fall sowing of spring wdieat,
which has pri^ved suceo'-sful in Manitoba, is not likely to h^ a success in the
western country, iis the winter is much more mild and open, and the grain liable
to germinate and It; killed. l'"all wheat has not, ns far as we are aware, been
tried, and there .-eems no rea-nn why it should not pro\o sueeessfuh

The results obtained, considei'in'j,' the manner in wdiich liie land was treated,
pro\'eil much more satisf'ictory than was anticipated, and shuw —

1st— That for grain gnjwing, the land in this section of country is capable of
giving as large a v.di'^at yiidd jier acre as the heavier lands of Manitoba. (See
Manitoba Ci-op Reports of ISS.".)

2nd — Tliat a fair ciop can be obtained the first year of settlement on
breaking.

3rd — That foi" iiOA see'ding with sjiriiig gi-ain on the western plains, a satis-
factory ri'sult cannot be looked I'l.ir with any degree of certainty.

i

'I I

S5

ik

rt

•I

4t]i- Thai (''iTa!., v<>n[<^ (iriil j^anK'ii ('iMiliu'i' cui li" siicct'-sfully rii!-,i:.l ut fin
elevation of ;;()()i) i'r.i atxAi' tlic s. ,i Icvd.

')th— TliHt soL'iliiiu; (.'an li': iloiii! sMllii'k'iitly early '■> alluw of ull llio CfO[j
bein;,' luirvcsttjil lut'oic the lir.sL of Srj)ttjiiilj,r.

— o-

DOMINION LANDS REGULATIONS.

The foHo\vill^' Ri •-•illations with ivspi.-ct to the <Hsposal of Dominion Lands in
Manitoba and Norlh-W't ^t arr now in foroo : —

1. The snrvcvod laniU in Manitolia and the Noi'th-W-vst Tcriitoriij.s .■ihall, for
the purposes of these Ri'milatioii.s, be elassitied as follows:

Class A. — li-.nds within twonty-fonr miles of tin.' main line or any branch
line of the Canadian Pacific liailway, on either >^id.' theri'of.

Class B. — Lands within Lwidvu miles, on either side, of any projected lino of
railway (other than the Canadian Pacitic Railway^, approved by Ordor-in-Coun-
cil published in the Cawohi Guz'tte.

Class C. — Lands south of the main line of the Canadi-an Pacific Railway not
included in Class A or B.

Class D. — Lands other than those in classes A. B aui.l C.

HOMESTEADS Oil FREE GRANT LAND.S.

2. The evcn-nunibored sections in all the forc;ToinLr classes are to be held
exclusively for homesteads and pre-emptions.

(a.) Except in class D, wliere they may bo afl'ected by colonization agreements.

(6. Except where it may be necessary out of them to provide wood lots for
settlers.

(c.) Except in cases where the Minister of the Interior, under provisions of
the Dominion Lands Acts, may <lcem it expedient to withdraw certain lauds, and
sell them at public auction or otherwise deal with them as the Governor-in-Couu-
cil may dirfct.

3. The odd-nund^jreu sections in Class A arc reserved for the Canadian Pac-
ific Railway Comijanv.

k 1 V

4. The odd-nund)ered sections in Classes B and C shall be for sale at 32.50
per acre, payable at the time of sale.

(a.) Except where hey have been or may be dealt with otherwise ly the
Governordn-Council.

5. The odd-numbered sections in Class D shall be for sale at S2 per acre, pay-
able at the time of sale.

(a.) Except where they have been or maybe dealt with otherw ise by the
Governor-in-Couneil.

(b.) Exeep)t lands afTrcied by coloni>^ation aqrerments, as hereinafter jn'ovided.

6. Persons wdio, suljsffjut.'nt to survey, but liefore the issue of the (>rder-in-
Council of !)th Octolier, ISTO, exeludini;' odd-numbi.'red s.>etions from hiMuostcad
entrv, took possession of land in o Id-iuunbered sections by resiclin^- y:n\ luul enl-
tivatin;' the same, shall, if cojitinuin:^^ so to occupy theuu, be permitted to obtain
homestead and pre-emption entries as if they were on even-numbered sections.

PRE-EMPTIONS.

7. The prices for |ire-(.niptiiin lots >hall b;> a.s follows:

P'or lands in Class, -s A, I! and C, .'^2..'0 prr acre.
For lands in Class D, &2.i)0 per acre.
Payments shall be m;ide in one sum at the end of three years from tlie date
of entr\', or at such earlier date as the settler may, under the provisions of the

1

20

Doiiiinlon l,ini-ls Ad-, nhijiiii ,•> ji.itiii' I'l'r tli«- liiiinr-(,;i(l i.j wliicli auch pre-
t'liiptioi) li>t lii'l(in_;s.

TIMItn; I Ml' si.TTr.KIN.

14. 'J"ht' Minister i>f till' hit' riur in.i) diri cl tlic i-cs. rv ntinn nf ;iiiy d,],] or
evon-minil'i Tfil MotiMii li;i\ ii.^' liiiil-^r ii[pnii il, to proNi.lc wom.I f^r iKjiin'stofi'l.
■settlors on s.'t'tions witli'^ut ii . ainl ••.irh -ndi N.'ttlrr m.-iy. w li''i'.' iK.- uppMi'ttjuity
fur SM Wiling' exists. pui^'huM' ii svooil !ot, not "■.\ci;t'iliiiM- twiiitv ;'.iTi'>, at llic jm i<'0
of S.') pn- aiTi' in ni-li

lr>. The Ministrr of tlic liil'ilor may ;^i'.n:t, ini'lr tli'' pri\ivii.n, of t'l''
Dominion f,;ui'ls Art, ilci m.-.>.s to cut tiiiilirj- nu I. iri- witliiii suiacV''! lown^hi '^.
T'iO laniis covrrcil liy .suih liccu^s ui''' lirrrliy \s"iilHir;i\vn fiiini lioiui.-.U'!ul ar.'l
pre-emption {•Miry ami for siilc.

PASTUK.Uir; l-ANUS.

IC. Under tlio uuUnn-it) of the Ad II Victoria, Chap. It). h.'ases of tracts for
grazin;^ purposes may be f,n-antoil on the followin:^' coinlition^ :

(u.) Such leases are to \n) for a perioil of not, exceilin^' twenty -one years, and
no single lease .shnll cover u gi-eater area tluin 100,000 acres.

(b.) In .surveyed territory, the lainl einhraced liy the lease shall he de.scrihod
in townships and sections. In unsurveyed territory, the party to wlmMi a lease
may be prondsed shall, before the issue of the le.^so, cause a survey of the tract
to be made, at his own expense, by a l)(niiiniou Land Stirveyor, under instruc-
tions from the Surveyor-General ; and the plan and 11 M notes of such survey
.shall be dopositeil on record in the Department of the Interior.

(c.) The lessee shall pay an annual rental at the rate of 810 for every 1,000
acres embraced by his lease, and sliall, within three years from the grantiui; of
the lease, place on tlie intct one head of cattle for every ten acres of land
enibraci'd by the lease, and shall during its tirni maintain cattle thereon in at
least that pro[iortion.

(c/.) After placing the prescribed number of cattle upon the tract leased, the
lessee may purchase land within his household f(jr a home farm and corral,
paying therefor ?'2.00 per acre in cash.

(e.) Failure to fulfil any of the conditions of hi.« lease shall subject the lessee
to forfeiture thereof.

17. When two or more parties apply for a grazing lease (jf the same land
tenders shall be invited, and tlie lea>e shall be grantdl to tlie party otlering the
highest premium therefoi- in addition to the rental. The said premium to be
paid before the issue of the lease.

OENKUAL I'ROVISIONS.

18. Payuients for land may lie in cash, scrip or Police or Military Bounty
Warrants.

19. These regulations shall not apply to lands valuable for town plots, or to
coal or other mineral lamls, oi' to stone or marble (piarries, or to hunls having
water power th.ereon ; or to sections II and ii) in each To\vn<liip, which are
School land.s, or Section.s H and '2>j, which belong to the Huilsou's Bay Company.

AMENDKI) LAND RF.iiULATIO.NS.

On the 2[)th of November last, an Order-in-C'ouncil was passed on a report
of lion. D. L. M.'icjiher.son, Mi)iister of the interior, rescimling the Order-in-
Council of July 5th 1SS2, and authorizing hini "to open f(jr nomestead and pre-
emption entries the e\eii numb.jri'il .'Sections remaining vesteu in the Crown in
the ten-iti>:y Ii.jtwdn tlie Southern limit of the Canadian Pacilie leiilway Belt
and the Interjialiou il I'oundar}-, from and after the' 1st day of Ja.nuary, ISS-i."

tl

27

0, 1

; .1

; I'

■^1

f ,

Si'ttlfi's ;\vf tliii'i rni''- now fr<'i' ti) li()im-.t(.';i'l vwl jtn.'-i'mjtt on tho luirU
rel'i'tTfil to.

Mii.r liKi.T i;r..i;iivi: tnns v*<k iii.Mi>.Tr;\r),

on till' 2!>th Ni)Vriiil..r la .t. ill! ( »r'lrf-in ( 'nimril wii . |i;i .,i il w itli ri't'i'Tunoi; to
what is known us tln' "Mil"' ll'lt l!''^>'r\<'," Iprin'^' tli'; fVrn-nuuil'ciA'il tJc'lions
nt-'xt to nn<l iiloni,' Imih .-.idi . i>\' tli<' ("unuilian I'aiiiic Ituilwuy anil its l»ratichfH.
wliii'li arc witlpii.iwn I'lum lif)iiMsli';i.l and j)ri.'-i'iii[ fimi .•ii(.iir> iin the I Ith <lav
of Marc'li, ISN-J.

Till' I'ullowin;; .Mriiii.i'aiiiliini of tlic MinUtrr nl' th'' fnt'Tior, sanctionp'lliv
Or(.lcr-in-C\)Unril, contain'^ tin' Ilnli.'S ami Ki-gulation^ w iili r.'Ffrnu.'f to .st'ttK;-
mont in the Mile licit : —

DKPAKTMr.NT OK THK InTKRIOR. 1

(Jttawa, JMli Noreiubor, liM. i
Memoranil II M

The undfirsi[,'no(l hni ttir linnor to mfiorf to I'oiirn'il tli;ii, Itui-nnii h in thi; StatiofiH on thfs Ciiniidiiin
I'Hcitlr U.uhv.ij l)fl\M I'M till' I'liy i)f ' .'iiitiii.i'k,' hihI tin- Itd.'kv Mniiut iiiM, li.ivo \ic>n\ InrMt,.,], ,in.l in \ ifw
of tin' iiiiiiiirt.iivu of Ih" cirly Ji'ttlcnnn ami rulhviiliini ul wh.if i^ l.rio.siiiH tin- ".Milf Ilelt Ko ;•:•..•. "
bcin^c tlie ei. ci\-niimhi'rr(.l Si'OMoii.i m \' lo iiiid uloiii^ hiili suli i of ilii' t'ani.li.iii I'm' lii; Kniiwiiy iirtil iiu
brrtnc'liPH wliK'U wiTc \v itlnlnvA ii frntii lio.iu'-iiiMil iiiiil incfiMiiiioii rutin i on t! I' U'li ill)- of M.mih l.-i.', ho
is of opinion thiit thr -.wm: •hmiM !).■ ri'-oiuMn il ai far \mmI m i iIh- llh I'l uulpal MiTi'liiHi.

The nnik'ni','iiiMl ri'iimiiKiiil '. till iiMini', tlmi 111.' l)c auili )i'i/,''il to (iji.'n ii.r hiii'i.M'e id and pre-emption
entriei. from ftiiil att'T tl\'' Nt d.iy ol ,1'itiu iry, l»-t. i-o inni'li ot IIi.<phii "Mi.o H>;lt Ki'sc! Vf," fpt; tu» rmt o;
the nil I'l iiii'iii il Mi'riil ail, ami loiiiaiiiiii j ves cd in (In- < 'rnuii, a < )i is nwt Ijr.'n si'l iiput fur town bCfs
and riM'TVL'A made in cm iR'c. ioii \Mili town sitiM, railu',i> .-.laticjin, Moiiritiil I'oli.'i- 1'cj.irj, lulniiis; ami otlior
special purpini'^. uiid in may ii.jt, ai in tiii! o|iinioii ot iln; .Miiiisii-r ol ilii; Iit'Tiur. bi* rc'tuired for any of
the piirpu-ii.'j above mi'iiiiotii'il or otlnrwiup ri'^irvrd by him. lai iliu follou in^ con iitinin ;

1. Kv.ry s.'ction '■h ill bi! licM to Ij^' sab \\\ idi'il iiit i two bmii -iti'a.U atul two prvcmiitiiiiH. nnd any honi''-
Stcailer 3ball hi* niti'l j I tool.tiiii liomi.'itrad riiiry <ir biiriif~!''ad and ia'c-cnipthrn cntriit-s by making' iipiili-
ca.ion ni'i'or limj lo thu "Dominion Lands Ai t, 1-<1." iinn idcvl tliat in >.vcry case in wtiiidj houifntcad
and pre-ctnption entries are obtained, tlu same shall bo for either thu east or the weit half ot ilie
Section,

2. The homiMtead entry shall be subject to the foUowintf condition-i in respect to cultivation and crop-
pin^:, t*<at li to say : —

(a) Tliiit the homesteader ahall wiMiin the first ys-ar after tin; dato of his bomeiteiid entry, break and
prepare for cron ID ncr.'s of his li mi>-itivid ijuarier S''it: m ;

(61 \nd sliul! within the mUi- ccduiK; year, crop ihe jail 10 acres, and lirealv and prepare for crop 1.5 acres
additional, — makiir^' .'.> acres ,

c\ And. wiiliin tiie third year aft^r the date of his homeste'td entry, he sh.ill crop the said 'J.'> acrei and
break and jjicnare for crop !.'> acr s additional .so tluit within ihrco ye.irs of tin- date of hnriiestcal
entry ho shiU n ivo not less tliaii -■» -errs rr.ippcd. and l.i a ri'i additimial rroki'n and prcp.ircd forcr.ip.

3. That so soon as any liomcstc.idiir .sh''ill have s t'islled tlie .M^ni-^t.T oi' the Iu'ei'ior fli it he i .is fu!ii;;i'l
the forei^oins I'onditions in ri'-<pc't to cultivation and croppinij .ind lias in all other re-piT's compile d wr.h
tile provisions oi' the "'Dumini'm i/iiids Act, l'>.>:)." in rcspjct of lunii Mt'Vids. and hooieiti'a Is iind pre-
emptions, be sliall be cntit.rd to receive iv paient for his homeitead, or for his hoinesteail and pre einption,
as the case may tie.

4. That a jmti'nt shall not iasiio tn any homesteader before he sliill hive s.i'isiloil tli.- Minister of the
Interior that t.i- has 'I'laa 'iV/c fuliillrl tlie en uiitioni in respect to culliva'ion and croppiie; pre-"' ribed by
section '2 of ttiis meiiior uidiim. ,iiid ha- in all o:her riMpects complied wi h the pro\ i.-ions of luo " Douuaic:i
Lands Act. !>'«)." in respci t to homnste.ids and homeste.ids and pre-cm;>tions.

5. If any liomcstcader tail ocuili\ati. and c'rop his homcstc.id in the manner prescribed bv section 2 of
this nicmor.mduni. or f.iil t 1 comiily with the provisions of the "Dominion I..inds .\''f. bsi,'' in respect to
home Ue.i-ls and h imcs'ea I i and preemptions, his ri;,'ht to the land shall bo forfeited, and the entry or
entries shall be cuncclled.

Rcspectfullv submitted,

D. L. AIacphkh.so.v, Minister of the Interior.

COAL LANDS.

The followinji districts have liocn .set apart and the land.s therein withdrawn
from ordinaay .sale and from sottlciueiit, and declared to be Coal I)istricLs, the
same to be known as those of the SonriH Rirrr, the Bow I\i>;;r, the /)V//y Rh;:r,
and the Saskatchewan Rlvrr, tlie said districts for the present to be couipo.sed u.s
follows : —

I. — SOUKIS RIVKU COAL DISTRICT.

Townships 1 and south halves of 2. Ranges .'> and tJ, West of 2nd Meridian.

1 9 3

1, 2. 3,

1. % 3, 4.

1. 2, 3, 4, 5,

2. 3. 4, 5.

3, 4, 5,

4.5,

5.

7,8,

9, 10.

11,

12. 13.

14.

lo,

10.

17.

II
I)
II
II
II
tl
II
II

II
II
II
II
II
II

M

28

,11

)

I

II.— nnw lilVliU <().\l. Ol.^TltJi.'T.

Town.ships IM, -JO, '2\, ||an;;iM IS. ID, Wr ,L nf kl, M,.|i,liaii.
20. L'l.'J'i, M 1>0. 21.

III. - IIKM.V UIVF.U C(»AI. Divrr.irr,
TowiiNliiiis 11, 12, l:\, llan^os 21,22. 2.1, wo.st .)f kli iiierMiiiu.

IV.— SASKATnir.W.W UIVKII ri»AI. IUVrUKT.

To^vnslliJ)^ 11, 12, |:{, Kan^vs 2, :!, 4. .j, 0. 7, «, D, 10, wc^t of Hh m-iiliau.
M !4, 1 .', if), I. .'{, .'), 4, a. .. ,, I, ,,

2n(l. Till- luml witliin tlio suid r,i,\\ districts will li.- survey '.'d us simn as pos-
sil'l'', and tliiTt.Mftor will lie p «ri(» lically otiVrcd fur sal^'hy t^Midi-r <>r puMie
auctiiMi, at an upset prici; ; tho s.uiif, to^Tilicr with tho ti>niis and C'nditions of
the sale, to lie ti.\cd trom tinio to time by tho Minister of the Intiiior.

3rd. Witli rcsjject to le;ises wluidi liuvo already bet-n ^'ranted, e.ich Icssoo who
has fullillt'd the eonditions thereof, may, within two year.-; from the date of tho
Order in Council uuthori/iiig his lease, convert tlie leaselmld into freehold, by
paying in cash the upset price placed by the Minister of the Interior on the land's
in the coal district wherein the said leasehoM is situated; iuit the lens" shuU be
nulll and void in all eases where the conditions have not buen fullilled by the
lessee, especially the conditions ccmtaiui'd in clause 5 of tho said regulations,
which is as follows : " That failure to commence active operations within one
year nnd to work the mine within two years of the commencement oi' the tei'm
of the lease, or to pay the ground rent or royalty, shall subject the lessee to for-
feiture of the lease and rcsumplion of tho land by the Crown.

4th. In cases where the Minister of the Interior satislies himself that com-
panies, or persons, have expended consider.ible sums of money in exjtloring for
coal within the limit of any district for which tliey may have applied undder the
regulations of the 17th Deceud)er, ISM], the said lands may be sold to such com-
panies or persons nt the up>t:t price fixed for lands in tho coal district in which
such tract may be situated.

oth. The boundaries beneath the surface of coal miniufr locations sliall be the
vertical planes or lines in winch their surface boundaries lie.

6th. Tlie rights of Ii.vssei'S, and of persons in favor of whom Orders in Cmin-
cil authorizing lease's liave been passetl, .shall not be aflected by these Regulations,
except in so far as they may be consistent therewith.

CANADIAN rACiriC I.ANII niX.TI.ATIO.N'S.

From the fact of the Canadian Pacific Railway Cijmpany owning 25,000,000
acres of land in the Canadian Xoi'th-West, that is, speaking geiici'ally, the odil-
nuudjered sections in the regions where they own lands, it is de-»irable to give in
this place, the regulations and [)riees under whii-h tlun' sell them.

All applications for Paeitle Railway lands .should lie made to Mr. C Driuk-
watt.'r, Secretary of the C<Hr.pany in Montreal, or to Mr. J. LI. McTavish, the
Company's Land Connnissioii"T, \\'iniiip"g, Man.

Tho folhjwing is an otheial stat'im'i.d ])ublished by the Company :

The completion of the Canadian Pacilic R.iilway to the summit of the luieky
Mountains, 'JiiO miles westward from v/innipeg, and the rapi.l |,rogri.'-s .nad'' in
the (.lovei-nment surve-ys dui-ing the j)ast season, enable the Company to oiler
for sab' some of the tine.st agricultural lands in Manitoba anil the XorthWest.
The lands within the- railway belt, extending 21 nnles from each side of the
main lino, will be disj»osed of at prices ranging from

l"

iki

29

S2..')0 (10s. STi;i;l.l.\(,; 1-

Aci'i;

fi

upwni'ils; with conditinus rfi|uiiiii'_,^ cu'tis'iition. rilrr dt' I;n:]^ uir'iont roii
ditiuus of ciiUivatiiui can b,; i)lilain I'l-um the Laii-l ( ^)IllIlli■^^iMIl.•l•. W'Ihmi cmiIiI-
vo^'- n or si'ttli'iiii'iit forms part of thv (.•(;!i-iiil».'ralinn, a ri'l.att; for cu'Livation will
be ^' wi' 1, as lii'ii'inaft.'r (It-crili'.-il. Thi\-:c Rrjulatloii.i are nuhiiltuted for and

cam

I J =>c

li-ifhcrto in fori

TERMS OF PAYMENT.

If paiil for in full at tli > time of purclia-.e, '.x dc'vl of conveyan^'o of the land
■will bo given ; l>ut the purchaser may pay one-sixth in ca>h, an 1 tli>> balance in
five annual instalnu.'uts with int'^rest at six per cent, [lor annum, pay^ible in
advance. Payments may be made in Land Grant Bonds, which will be acceptrd
at ten per cent, premium on their par value and accrut.d interest, Theso bijn'ls
can be obtained on application at tlie B.mk of Montreal, Abjntroal, or at any of
its agencies in Canada or the United States.

REBATE.

A rebate of from Si. 25 to S150 (.5.3. to 14s. sterlin:j) per acie, accordin:^ to
the price paid for tlic land, will bo allowed on the acreage actually cropped, on
the followiuLT conditions :

1. The purchaser will not be entitled to rebate unless at time of purch.ase lie
enters into an undertaking to cultivate the hind

2. One-half of the land contiactod to be brought under cuhivation within
four years from (Lite of contract. In case.s wliere purchasers do not reside con-
tinuously on the land, at least one-eighth of the whole quantity purchased shall
be cultivated (hiring each of the four years.

8. Where a purchaser fails ti carry out fully the conditions as to cultivation
within the time named, he will be required to pay the full purehiiso price on all
the land conti acted for. But if fro'.n causes beyond his control, pr jved to the
satisfaction of the conqiany, the settler so fails, lie may be allowed the rebate on
the land actually cultivate 1 (luring the four rears, on pavment of the balani^e
due, including the full purchase price of the remainder of the laud contracted for.

Hudson's bay company's l.\xds.

Section Xo. S and three cjuarters of section No. 26 in the greater number of
Townships are Hudson's Bay Companj-'s Lands, and all settlers mast be careful
not to enter upon them unless they have acquiri^l them from the Comp.-my. Trie
prices vary according to locality. Mr. C. J. Brydges is the Lanil C'Mn;ni<s!u:icr
of the Coaq)any. His otlicial residence is at Winnipeg, Manitoba, and a[>plica-
tions may be made to him.

Under agreement with the Crown th.e Hudson Bay C()m{)any are entitle'! to
one-twentieth of the lands in the " Fei tile belt," estimated at about seveu uiil-
lions of acres.

Note- In every flftli Township the IIu'isot\'3 Raj- Cup.ipar.y liu.s tlie vhotc cf Section 2G.

DOMINION LANDS LAW.

(Eitruct from lioininion Landu Art, iinrtirulirhj inUrc.'i'inij to >ii\r s:'tl-rx >

iiOMKsrKAD uuans.

27. Any iiitjioi). ni.iloor foMinlr, who !■< tli'^ vhIl' 1ii>,\i1 of ,i family, or nny mat- who h,\4 ntt liuoil the a,-o nf
eijrhlc'U yi_\u'.-i. n)i.ill, on ni-il.i iX ,i|j|i!ir,i! inn in thu (.1:111 A in tin' -i ii ilnl' to tlii< A»'t. I>r I'ti 11 cl to oht 11 i
hoiiu"-ti' 1(1 ' ntry for any (luaiililj' of Liml nut i'\r.T,lri.: 0110 ipi irlcr si- .lion, .uid (a' in.; of tin- cliisj of lan.l
opi'n nil. lor tli'' luo' i-ioo-; of ihn Art. to 1ioiiic--;'m 1 oalry

2 SikU P'T-i III ^!Kl 1 mU > in I oiiiii'.tioa \\ i;li sii' !i !.ouii.m!'' "' f 11 try. he cntiM.' t ti th" privilc'i' of o'l' lin-
Inif at til" lann' l i.f , Iml in't at 11 1 ilri- .1 !'••. a ;p '• caii.lio:! iMilry for an aMjuuimj uiio ' n;i;. ! 'iii.iraa- '^' ;a':i
or part of u nuancr section of lauii of the .said cUu-i ;

occupy .v.\.\ I'uUiN ,it« tl'.c l.rii! I'lri'ii-l 'ir. ,;
-1 in or piTiin-i wlniin ;■!. Vit, .its^l !.■ I.vi', ; :■
titio Id tin 1,111.1 .-.hall r.'iii li.i i.i lip' ( ; . , i '
be ii.lllli' to ho tlkrll ill ovrrulinli lii-lnl- ■ 1 ,■
4. riii> iiri\ ill' ,•■• o' h' 11 111 -I r 111 I'l 1 ,.: ■
no po^^l1u sIkiH 1) • iMlitli'ii to -,11' li ■■n: • ..
ihon- i.-( a .sti)ni.' or m irlilr nu.irry. or .

30

■:'■ . lii'.l per oiiiplion, if .iiiv, ilmll entitle ttio ii'i ipi. nt to t I'.^i',

i '. 1 !")-•''.■. i-ion oi' till" s nil'- 1 1) tip' ' iiurlu^ioii 1)1 ivny 1)1 li( r p'-;-
.. iint I in lu'lions tor liv .p:i- ; ciiiniiiuii'il i.n ihi> s liil Lui'l ; the

• .* ir i--.iii- of till' p itriii ihriiior, and tlir -.liil 1 mil -ill. ill not

-■■;■■ o' !.,i!i'nt.

.ip'i ■■. I'lilrj shiU only app!;. to •,urvi'>i^l a^riniUnr.il l.mi!-;

oil '. .il:i.il)!i' for in tinili.'r. or for hay lai.il. or for laii'! on w liii-li

:':: :• laini'nil liaviiu' ..•ommi'i.i.il val'ir, uhiToin iIktc is an>
Wilt I' r pow I'r wloi'li may >;ctvi' to il;-i\ .' ip '.i'. ry. or for la ml ulii. li ti\ nvi .on of it-; po ill ion, .-mi-li :n luMn.:
the shori' of r.n inipoii -nit li irlior. Iiriil-r' -; ■• ■? 'M-ial Hiti-. or tieiii'-r I'i'iu'r iin art mil or prospootive railwiij
tennin'n m- st.-ui i:i. It wiM !),■ in i tii' p;;',:; i'l- ■•••.■.: to wiilihoM from ^in li I'liiry.

as. WtiiMioviT tlu' survry .11 any r.. v. • -Mn •:.!■( Iir.'ii tin, illy I'onliriiiril Ami siirli town-ihip oponcil for
honn'.^ti-ail (Milry. any per.-on wlio l,a-4 ' ).,■/''/• '•■!: Icil ami niailr- iinpvo\ riu.'aH licfovc Mirh ci.nliini'il sur-
vey on hinil in sifh towii.sliip, .sluill !i i\ o ,i p:.,." ri.-ht to obtain IiohumIim.I iMi! ry for III'' Luiil ,10 .-eltlcil on,
proviilt'il suoli ri 'lit bn oxi'ri'isoil wiM.in lii:- ■ :.' iitln .-'fter tlte laml is opi n for t-rtli. nicnt ; and proviibj.l
that sui-h lanil h,is not bo.'ti ro-ir-rved or tli • r, •;.' to ho in- ilivid iMilr\- is not e.^i.-plnl niidor th" )M\n i.-sion-* o;
this Act No hoiiii'-t.Mii iMitr>- sh ,11 lit,' .;; .n;. 1 lo ;uiy oiiier piM' • )n in ro'^pi'''" of -mrli l,ind nn:i'. tliri.',- nioritlo-
after notii'r in w i-i'.in;-; ^shall h i\ c h. > n i;;v..'n bj the Lin-.il Ai^'eni. to .i'.ich iiuiui file selller that suoh land i^
opon for s ntli'tiiiMil

29. To ohtiiin homestead entry it ?o:i'l b,^ ni"'e--'ary for the per<oii ap.plyin.; tbi-rrfor to appeir and
inaV.e allidii\ it lu'lore the Loc il A'.'ent a. ■ ':il n.-to I'onu li, C. D, or K, in tlu' .schedule ot tlu,s Aet, a.i tl.>' ei'
euni'^tanees of the ea-e remiire, I'pon nhn,- ,- .• Ii tttlulavit with Mir- I.oeal Auront, iind on \< ivnient to Mm of
an o'Uce fe'' of ten dollars such jicr-on .-li.ill re, vlxe a ri'c i]il from th'- (.ocil ,\!-i'nt aeronlitu- to the form 1"
in the sehi'duli- of this Act ; and such receipt ^':<, ili bo a ei'rti,l.ate of eatry, ,ind bball be ailt'iority lo tlic per-
son obtainin;^ it to i;o in!o iio-se-ision o; ti.i ; .id ibs.ribed In ii

2. If a person obtainin:; homi'stc.ij I'lit-y ,';ei!ii^^ for and obt,iins at the same time a pre-emption entry,
he shall pay to the Loc.il A -,'cnt ,1 farther o;;i.... :,i,, ,,( irn dollars, and sh,ill receive therefor from hlin a
receipt in like form, and h i\iii-,' like fii'e ■; r,j 'i,,!: rc-i s-ribed for bomcstc,id entry :

3. Provided, th,it in the e.i-iu oi intc;i'liii_' itirni^-rants or other pcr.-ons propositi-.' to settle toirether. the
Minister of the Interior or the L ind l'.o,ird, on ri";uj-|'ion sij-ncil by them, may authori/'c any person tlii^y
may name to obtain hom<Uie,iil and ipre-.'iii,cio:i entries I'or them, before their arrival in the territory in
which the laiid they de->ire toocenpy i, -iiii ,;,■ ;

1 The iicrs.in so authorized -.hall, to ob'.iin s'leh cnliies, make a ji plication in the form G in the schedule
to this Act. on behalf of c ich of tho-.' whom he repi'e icnts, and shall make aili.lavit betore the hocii ,A :;enf
according to I'orm 11. ^. K, or K in the >e!ie iule of this Act. as the elrcum t.uice ^ rci]uirc. and p.iy for e i''h
homestead and for eai li pre-e nption entry, the uliee fee ot ten doll irs ber.'inbei'.jre prescribed l"or sii'h en'ry.

6, I'ersons oecupyiiiLr bind o\ nod by tbe:n may ob'ain homestead enir> for «ny coniicuous land open to
the sanvj ; but the \\iejlc extei:t of bind, in'.~;':d-.:v-c ih.it previously owned and occupied, must not t'.xeeed one
quarter ,section.

6 A person ajiplyin:? for such en'.ry for conli^'Uous land niiisl. when m,akin,; the entry prescrib'^d for
homestead entry, also ile-i 'ribe therein t lie tr.i':'. lie owns and lives up.m ; and hi> r''^ideiioe upon and ei.'.tiva-
ion of the whole >li ill tiiere.if'er be of the kind an 1 for ttie term reipiired for tiie provisions of this AC '.e
the case of ordinary liomesti'ad entry, hoi'ore h'.' slialllje entillcil to pitent for the p,irt ,-o entered for : Pro-
vided that ><uch resideii.'c .md eulfv ition m.'iy be up m and of either the land (irii,'i!i,illy o^'oupied by him. or
that for wliii;h home~te,id entry lia^ been obt, lined, or both

30. In case a di-ipute ari-.i.M tie; we'll p.r- i.s ekilmiii,' the rr.,'lif to hoiie'stcad entry for the same liiiil.
the I,oc,il .W'-m. oraiii jicv^on thereto au'boii.i'-d by the .Minister of ;be 1 iiieri.ir. sli,i.l m.ike invcM i_',.ti 'ii
and obt lin evidem'c re-;ieeiiii_' the f.iets. and bi-i repo t there ii. to relher with I he e vide nee taken, .si uiil \r'
rel'e.Tcd to the Minister of the Interior I'or li-' i-irciurto the Itomiaion binds Ho.ird, {.'oinndssioner of Iiivii
iiiion I,ands. or such person as may be app,jin:ed by (iovernorin-(.'oiincil to consider and decide in ca-^c-s oi
s'.ich disputes.

2 I'rovided, th-.t wh ui t\vo or more p.-r-ins ha\c settled unon and ?eek to ob;.uii i;.imesteTd riitiy f,ir
tUfi same land, t 'e one who scHI'mI lir^t the-.-e m sh i ] liu enl it 'cd to •-ueb enlry if the land be of the e! i-^s op-^n
t'j honi' ste.id entry, and if it be iiot in tie' opinion of the .Mini.^ierof the Interior oiheruisc inexpedient, in
the public interest, to enterlain a ay ii[ipIi'\r.M.j theref 'V :

3. I'rovided further, tli.it where eo'ilca. lin.: par: ies have made valuabl,' improvements on the land in
di-pute. the Minis'er oi the Iiitorior. if tlie appbiatioii lo a''ipiiri' the l.tnd by hoine-;''Md en*ry is on ■ r.iinal
liy liiiii. ma V order a division thereof in su-h in.inn"r as shall presr-rve t ) cieh of them as fir as or ;icible
bis iniproveiiienfs ; ainl the Mini- ler ni.ay. ,it bis di-icrotion dirett that v.b.at ibe 1 ml so .v'lotjec. to iM.b I'f
them m.iv bedeilcient of a ipiarler s/'iio.-i . 'i.i'i be nutiie up from uno.-eupied Kind jid Join iii;,'. if there be ati;.
«u:hof til.' elissopetl t.) ilonie-^li'ad ei'.'i-..-

31. Any person who h,is o'.t lim-l i i. -;■■,. 1 entry sh.iU b- allowed a jn'riod of .-i\- months from its u >te

within wliieli to perfect tb" entry liv takin-;. in ins o-vn p Tson, po-sj,sion of the l.iml and b.-.-inn;n.r contin-
uous re selcneo thereon ,in.l eulti\ ilion tbrr oi ; ,i:,.l if the eii'rr be lot perfcii .1 wiiliin ' li it .leriod. it -h.ill
be N Old, and I lie I a -id -.hall beop.'ii to entry by ano:!ii;r pc!'.-. in. or to other liispo -ilion. umb.'r this Act by the
Minister of the Iiit-'rior ;

2 Provi.le.l tli.ii any person whri has not oblained entry on or after the lirst of S.^pictnhcr in any ye.ir,
,ind ^vliese term f ir per:ee-in,' the .- nil.' c-,p!-s b 'fore tin; lir-til,iyof Juno following, sb, ill be allOAe.l ati
exteusioti of tir.ie to tlie la'icr d.ile u iiii-n " ,.i h to p.'rfect his i-niry ;

3. Frov i.b-.l fiir'h.'r, tb it in the . i , • o'' im u: rr.mts from elswh.'re lb in the Xortb .\meriean Contini'iit,
the fiovernor-in-f.'ouned may cxieiel tl.c tirii'; ;.)r tUu pjrie.'tiie; of entr.'. to twelve montlis from the date

32. I'l case a eert.rin numb.-r .if leimcs'i- ; 1 -efb-rs cmbrac|ii_,- not b's; than t'.' eiity f.'inilies, wi'b a vie-,v
to ^;re iter eonvenienee in the e -I ibiNlim./iP. oi' - .,..ols and eburehes. .m.i to llie .;.• linne-nt of s lekil a 1 v.ui-
ta'^'os of lik'^ ell ir,i'i -r, a si i . b ■ ,i''.e.\ .1 ; . ■ • .■ '. -.-.tiier in a liaml.'" or \ i la.,'r, I'o' .Minist.'r of tlie In^eri'U-
miiy, in bis di -■■! el ion. \ ary or ill ip -a -^.I'ti t:i'- i'.r.',-.iiri;t requirement s e s to rciidenee, but not as to the
cull i'v, It ion of eachsep irati- .p; i r;.-:--- ■! i .n ■: a' ..i . .1 .i > ,i hom.- stead,

3.'J. .\t the t!,\iiir.ilion oi line j ■■ i : , ;■.■ . u • b..- dil e of hi t perl'e.'l in: Ins bonii'^t' i.l entry, " rer.e..tin.:
entry " me ms 'join^j i 111') a.-lu i! p >-s.'--a n b;, • ; ,i .,- up Ins re -.id. ■nee on t!i ■ b .av-. e i.l, ib.- - ■ttUr, or in .■.!--.■•
of li's deafli, his le -al rep e^'aniii'. •■ .. i.ooa p- .\ ,!./ to the .satisf.'e'ion of tic I,o.\il A'-rent. tb it he. or tjcy.
or some of them h.ive re.i.bd .'p on ,i-.d .• i!'; .Me i th.- 1 uid daring the sii.l term -f tlir-.-e y.'.ir-. -;b,sn b'
entiileil lo a p.P.-nt for lb.! I .ml. pr.iv i.b'.t s |. 1. p;-., if . , ,ic.'epti-il by the I 'oiiim: --;i oner of D .aiiniun l..r .h. :■
the 1, 1' .1 Ho ar.I : I'rovi.b; I ai .o. tb i' i lie ., .-. at tlc-refor shall n .t i-sne to .my per -on not tliL'u a subject o.
Mer Man si V b\ birth or n-iMir :li '..ili 111 :

2. Provided. I hat in the, e.i^.'o! ,i ■,,■1 1 le- ■.\ e. niav have oblaim d home -t.', id enti v for Ian 1 oc 'upi- I liy hi: :
previous to s irv.-v ile-r.' 1 '. in m ma r her. •,'. .r.- m 'Uli ) ae.l. rcsi.l.-m'C upon .nel < ab i\ alein of tic bunl
for the thi y.eii'a n. ,\ : pi-.-, e 1 in,: t im ,i:.nii. r. in lor p .lent, sbill, f.ir I he purp i.-,.' of lb" 1 • ue of tl.e p .'ent

held .'qui\ ,ileiil to I 111' pri

.■ ■,-o:i,.; aiib-clau e. if su.'b rc-i lenc' aiel <-illti\ atiiti be other

wise in eonformi'v ivilh tie' i.r.i\ I io , s .1, ■!.: - .V ■

3 .-Xny per s. HI pr.c in;.; Ilml !..- hi-, r. eb 1 mtbelanil for wdii h heb.is hom -'-i.' id entry PtI v, .-Iv.- iiiOtiMis
p.-e\i.)iM fr IIP 111" .1 ii" of I.i . p'Ti. •■lie .' '1 - .-a.r tb'i.-f.ir ,ind lli,i' le b is broii ,-bi un.l ■.■ .aili i a'eci ,i: b- ■ -t
lliirtv nei-ea tb.-i ..f. Ill ly b.'l.iii' Ib.M \pir,i'ion o' li.e t n.-e ye.i-s ib lim..d in siib-.d.iu-- one of tlm claU.:e,
obtaia u p,it'ua by p,i\ii'.,.j tie' tb,-, ernmei.t iji.'.e at the time for the I, nel.

31

i' in till- v.' \r.r.y -.f
iiiuun I.iuni.H or til.-

'illeil, or llff:

otniii;: mUi'l'

1 to

4. Proof of ^UiMi rr--i'li>or.- unil ciiliiv.-uion sti.iU h.- tii'i'!'' liy :iMI.|'i\ it.' Ii. 'mP"! f'^io
,'lniiii.i"t. nnfl nn-rohuriit'jil hy I lie tc.-itiinony on oulli of tuo (li-iiii'.T<w:(.(l \\ itiu' .i-s rt- '!•
l!ir i;inil aH'ii-'tfil t)y tlioir e\ iilcnri', and luci'iitfil an -JMllliiunt by the I'oiunii^'-i'ini'r of lim
Land Hoivd

5. Ami if. in connection wltli ttii> hornf^tr.id cntrv, tli'- sct'lpr tn , Iwr. lof iri; nb'
obtain-*, .'i pro-iMiijition I'ntry in ai-cnril.uK'c w illi tbe i)ro\ i-iions of ihi-i .\i i, |,i. ,h ill, on b'--
a p.i'i'nt for hi-i honic-if.'ad, bu iil.so rntitlcd to ii )i,itont for tin- Lind inc-luib-il in -.mi li privinniJlion '-i.try, ou
]iii> incnt of thi> prii-i; tixud in ai-(-oribiiicf witb tlie iirovi.-<ions of tlii-i Ai-I by tho ( ioV"rnor-in-(Joiinr-il ; bi;t
su^h iire-cuiption ri.,'!if, if not i-\'cr<-i-ii'd and imyiufiit iiiadi- witliin six to'inihs .ifti'r fli'* settler shall h-iv.;
hi'Toineonlitli'd to i-l.iiin ii piiti-nt iiivbT bis bnnu-sliad f-nfry, sliall bi' iMircitiil, .-ind sH'h prtM;mption stlail
not tticPi-Tifti-'r be o|i.-n to liMnicsicad entry wikhout tll<> eon-eni of tlu' Minister of the I.-rc rior.

n». In cas" it IS pr')V(.'d to tbe salisf.-iction 111 the Minist :r of the Inn-.ior tbil ii levli'r lui-i not rei;dod
upTn and eultivatnl bis lioin''sl";id. cxecpt as herein pi-ovidcd for. at le.ist nix loontl; < in any on'! voar. 'hi-
riirtit t') the land .sliall ho fiirfeit- d, atiil the entrv therefor (-aneellrd; iind Hie.telllcr 4o f,Jr'^l:in;; bis cr.try
sh.ill not bo eligible to obtain another entry exeept in .special eases in the di>eretion uf the Min.s'er uf '.i;e
Interior :

Provided, that in <'asi' of illness, vouched for by ^uftlcient e\ idenee. or in cn^o^ of ^nlIni^rant^ reiuirin-if
to return to their native l.u.d to hritiL; out their fainihes to tb.eir homivsteads, or in otl.er special c.ist-s, tT*
Mini.iter of the Interior iii.ay, in his discretiiin, ^rant an exten'-iion of time. durinLC wbic), a settler mav be
absent from his homestead without prejudice to his right therein ; but the time so i,'rante;i shall not count a-i
residence

3.5. A homestead, the entry of which has been eancelled may. attlie discretion of the Minister, bo held
for sale of the. land with the improvement.s, if any,— or of the imi'rovement.s only in ci.nnection with homr-
•Stead entry hereof,— to another per.son

36. Any asfiii,'ntnent or trausfi-r of iMinestcad or pre-emption rii:;ht or any part thereof, ami any a-Tee-
ment to a-j3i..cn or transfer any hoiue^te, id or pre-emption riiret or any p.irt thereof after patent, which shall
have been obtained, made or enti^reil iiito before the i.s-.ue of iiatent. sliall be null and void ; and thu person
so ns.-iu'uins or tr.insfeniior or ni.ilsin-.,' an .-i^'reement to ussien or transfer, shall forfeit his homesiead an I
pre-emption riKht. atid s;hall not tie permitted to make ano'her homestead entry: I'rovided , that a pers.):i
whose homesteail or homestead and i>re-pmplion mav have been re ommended fnr patMil by the local A:,'en:
and who has received from such Au'cnI. .i certiticate to that etleet in the f.irm .M, in the schedule of this Ac,
countersigned by the Commi.s.-ionrr of IJoiuinion Lands, may legally disposcof and convey, us.sign or transfer
hi.s rii,'ht and title therein.

37. Anytierson who has obtained a homestead patcntafter three years' residcace. or a certificate cov.n-
tersii'iiod by the Commissioner of Dominion Lands, as in the next precedin.; clause mentioned with the ad-
ditional statement that there has been three years' residence, may obtain another homestead and pre-ep-H"
tion entry

SECURITIES FOR .\nVANCE3 TO SETTtER.S.

I'!
I?'

38. If any person or persons thereunto authorized hy the Minister of th.-" Interior place immii?rants fts
settlers on homestead linds in Mantoba or the N'orth-W'cst Territories, free of expense to the GoTcmrv'n'
the fJovernor-in-l.'ouiicil may or'ler that tin' expenses, or any part thereof, incurred by su'.h person or [rjrs ).i,-.
for the passai^o money or subsistence it. brinLcinLT out i)n immigr.int, or for aid in ere-tini; buildings on h.s
homestead, or in providiiu- horses, cattle, farm implem"nts, or seed grain for him, may, if so a-grced upon by

and in such c^se the chiiai fur exper-.'^e
bo sati.slied befuro

the parties, be made a charge upon the homestcadOf such immigrant

incurred 5n behalf of such immigrant, as aliove, together with interest thereon, must

patent or certilh-ate I'or patent shall i-sue for the land : Provided as follow.s :—

in) That the sum or sums charged for thi> p'^ssa.:e money and subsistence of such inuuigrant shall notb.-
in excels of the actual cost of tlu; s.^ue. as proved to the satisfrtction of the .Minister of the Iiucriur ;

fb) That an acknowledgement hy such immis,Tant of the debt so incurred shall have been tiled in the
ofllce of the Local Ai.-ent ;

to That in no case shall the charge against such homestead for princip.-il ni jneyd advanced CKceed in
amount the sum of l"n e liuiulrcl dollars :

i'h Th.it ni5 greater rate of intercut than six per cent per annum snail he charged on the debt so incurred
by such imniigruni :

2. If an immigrant to whoui an advai\cc has been initlft, as in this clause provided, .md hy whom or fur
whom a homestc.id entry, or h"iiu.-stead and pte-euiption entries, has been obtained, I'.irfeits surh entry or
ent-ies under the provisions of this Act, the Minister of th.e Interior ni.'.y, in his disorcrion, treat the per;..n
by whom s;ieh advance w,.s made. ,1 J if re were the person who had oiitaiM d .such .'n;r\ ur entries, or id«
lege! repre.eiitati\e, and as if. up to the time of h.s being so treated, no f.i:fei;nre of the entry h.-.d t.'.kc:-.
pli ,' : r.nd if. under like' circimisiances, the immigrant, by or for whom a homciie ul etitry or linmes:^..,.
au'l pre-eiiiiition i-ntrics has been obtaiin.d, has reipiired a right to rci-eive a p.itent for the latul forming tt.e
sii; ,ieet of sjch entry or entrie i .ifier tiiree ye irs' residence, and docs nut apply for the i-sue of the .same, the
pc'-on or persons by whnm the .-idvant e w;is mride may obt iri .such patent or certiticate oi the p.itent in the
name of the pevs-in'socnti:leci to obtain th._- same, or of his legal represcutativos, and thereupon tiie advani e
m.ide s'li Ul be a statutory mortgage on such honicstcad.

DISCOXTINC.\NCK OF PRE-EMPTIONS.

.19. The privilege of pre-emption, in connection with a homestead entrj'. shall be diicontinued from ard
after the first day of January. A, I). IS-.J.

• ORAZIXO LANDS.

40. The Govenior-in-rouncil may. from time to time, crant li ii.sc3 of tinoccnpie I Dominion Lands for
grazing purposes to any per.^on or persons for sueh term of veirs. and at such rent in e leli i-asc, .is m.iy he
ileemed exii"dient : and i've:y sir-b lease .sh.iU contain a coniiitinu by which the Uc.v-.un.ir-in-fdu:'. -il nia\
authorize the Minis:erof the Inrei-inr. at anv time during thetermof the lease, to gi\c the K-sste lotice c'
eancell-Uion thereof, aiul at the end of two yc.irs from the service of .such notice, su.-h lease .shall ceasa and
determine.

HAY LANDS

41. .\ settler in tlie vicinity of unoccupied luiy lands n\ay obtain a lease, for an area thereof not exceovl
ing a ((uarter .section, or l'oi-i> acres, for such terms and at .such rent as the Ministerof I'.ic Interior tciv d-cm
expedient ; but such le.i vj sh.iU not op 'r.ite to •.ircvent. :it anv time during us term, the s.ile or settlciiient i>''
the land. In the case of ei:lier. the lessee shall be p.iid by the i)urch,iser or the settler for fencing, or or'-.er
improN ements made, such sum as tlie Local Agent may llx and the lessee shall be allowed to reiuove any hu;.
he may have cut .

MINl.SO AND MININtl LANim

I i

42. Lands containing coal or other minerals, w-heMier iti surveyed or nnsurvevM territory, shall nor
he subject to the provisions of this ,\ct respecting s lie or homestead entry, but ^liall he disposed of in sa.-h
m inn ■:■ .md nn -^ueh trriii^ iiel eoni I it ions as may, from time to time, bo ilxed by the lio\ etnur-in-i.'ouiicil h.v
regiilutions lobe made in that behalf.

1

32

•13. It i-.^! " -'ly (!■ iLiro I tint 110 Kf III! friuu tlio C'lnw II (if la:.iU in fr.'oli'il 1 or t'..r any K-^.i c-itatoi li.ii
oiior.iidl 01- \\ I'l '), r.'.'e .is a com r;. :.iii.-e (if the ;-,'i,ild or silviT iiuiic-i llivrciii, iiulu-.s tlir .-.ainc arc I'XiU'idsly
ciiiiviM i'<l in s'i>''i ^'riUit,

41. Ani ui-iiniTcr of iiiinir.i's v.jiin r^imoNoil or iiiisiii-U'.wd l.ai'i]-^, or h\< .'i>-is'in •■nul n.^'oriatcM,
who luul ai'i' iivl for ;i,;i-aiil ci ■ u.-li 1 uiili h '.or. tin' iias,iii^ of thi' Ai.'L lorly-tiiinl N'ictuiia, (.'liaiilur IWL'Uty.
six.sluili be liflii 10 luivu t!iu -mil.' ri,-:liti a- if tlial Ai'L liai.l not liocii p.i.i.->eil.

Tl.MBKl; AND ■ll.\II!i;il l.ANDrf.

WOOD KOr. Sl.lTLIIM.

45. Wlic-CA-t it i^ exp ili'Vi' fh i' fho tiin'i^r in t nvii-i!ii|H thro'.vn open for si'ttl'inut, shoiilil bo so
dispo'icil of ns to b-nc:;! ti c .:v\":'.'--~\ (■■•-■iillL' nunili'T of xMtiori i' i ■! llicroiorc i-nain^-ii in follows ; —

1. 'I'hc Mm s'.e;' of the Intui mi- may (liri'cl ih.it in tlio hu i'j\ isioii of towii^lii;., uiiicli c .ns'.it partly of
prairij au I i'.ut',> of tiiiiLicr latvl, ih'.- timi.c;- iauils sluill Lie ilivic.ci! into wood lol.i of not h.-.^tliaii in, anil
D'tnio'c tliaii -J'l H'Ti's c i"h, \n :ia .'li in i;i;u'i' aj t j alt'ord, as far ai (um .tic.ibii', one sji-li woo. 1 lot on every
quarter so. :ion i'r..ii;o lai-in :

2 I'rovi i( J, lliat if ii miifti-rrP tioii bn founil to contain timber lund not rxcccilin.; twenty-tivc acres,
such limfiOi Ian l s,'i ill oc a;. purl n ml to such qu ir:' r--iootioa ami s all not be (li\ i'lo'. into ucio.l lo'si.

3. IJUt of tiuy \v. o 1 i.j'ii .'i' t ail .rl nndur sub c'au-o one of ihi-< cl.iii.i .•,riie i/i -al A'-,'cnl .-!i il', on appli-
cation, ninnTtion A. wool lot to c.i'-li s.-it 1 r on a iMaio-te iil ciuart j;' .-i "ctum n it liivini,' .n it nnre thin ten
acres o' \\o i.l'arnl ; und .■H.b womI lot sh ill 1 e pi il foi by th' appin/nt at tlie prii-e fi-r wood lots liACi! at
the time by tli'^ Mil)i.<teroi the Interior, and sli.iU be entereil in tiie boolii of too i.or.il \gent, and be wivon
by him in his retiitr.*. ;-.^ aup-.-rt linin:,' t.j .snrh Imme-it.-.i'l i|U'irtcr secti.in ; and on ihe ho'ni' s'eail ehiiinant
fultiilm^- all tlie r .111 r •:iuMiH of l.'ii-i Act in 111 it I) 'b ill, Ij'it not otii-ru'i-,,'. a p itent sha'l i.ssiio to him for
such wood lot ; Crokidf 1 ;i'«ay.<, that any person to whom a smuhI lor «as apportioned, in ■ onnection with
homcjte 111 nnicrth.; orovisionsof s ib-e!;'.usi! live of ••l.iu e forlv-s x of ' T/ic iJiiniaion f.i'ili .( ■' nT h.::,"
havin,< duly lultiilr I 'he ciii.ililii.in.'j of such homes end ^;rant sh:dl receive a p.itont tor such wood h)t as a
free k'r.int .'i.s pr >■ idcd 111 t lie sad su!)-ijl lU';'''. iio'u ith-taiuii;u' ihere oil of the s lid suli eiaiise. by tlie Act
tliirty si'vcnth Victoria, cli.iptcr iiinc'c n ; I'.'ovided fu'.ilici.ttiat tic c.incelhiiion o; iiom '.stead entry rh ill
carry with il tti;can cl! I'lou of ilej entry or tlie w lod lot liich may have been a>ipjrtioned ihereio, and
also th • forf- i' ore ot t uc ten chas • money of su'.-h woo.l hi :

i. Pr)vd;l ill • hoM-T of a ho;n"s'e id Citry, wlio. pre. io'isly to the isiuc of the patrut, sha'l sell any
of th.o riru'ie.'on c tier hii hoin.'-.te.ul or pre-em ti ui qii irtor-ss ;tion. or on the ai purlenant wood lot, to
eaw-mi'.i propnelors or to any • the ilnn si-rtlcis f o • t.cir oi\n privat'i u o. without Inaiiis; previously
obtain' il i er • i sion so to d ■ fr.cn th.< Minister of t'le hit'; li )v, -h ih. be i^uilty of a tre-ip.'iss, a id in.iy be
pro-e u'e 1 thor'.'f'ir.j ')e."ore, a ,IuTricc of the ''e ico. and ir.) ):i con v etion 'hereof, sh i 1 be su''je't to a lino
not exc ed ii-c on" huii lied do'iiirs, or to iui',irisTnni'> t lo. a tcr.ii not ex'ce.l ii^ six mmths, ort'i b;ith hne
and imprisoiimm' at 'iie dii -retio'i of I'm; Conn; a'l 1 furt icr. such per on sli.iU i.)r.'i'i' his liomcstcad and
pr -emptii n ri.^'lits an 1 the tiinb'r s) sold shall Lie subject to seizure and conlUciiion in the manuor pro-
vided b'.- clause si.\t;. to ir of this A I.

eettlers" ciF^c a, inilulin^' tlieir cattle in use, will bj passs J free throu^'h the CuUoiu House.

OFFICERS OF 'THK DOMINION OF CANADA IX GREAT BRITAIN.

LONDON'. .. -SlK CH.\Ki.r.s Tt,"i':'i:K, K.C.M.G., &c., High Commiisi 'lor for the Dominion, 10, \'ic

toria Clnml'Cis, L'.in'lon, S. \N'.

Mh. ]. Coi.Mr.f, >se."rct.iry tif tr.c High Commissioner's Office.
LIVERPOOL. Mr. Ji-.i!N Dvia:, lo, Water Street.
GL.\SGO'.V. . ..Ml'. "Tiiom.\i G:'..-\!I.\mi;, 4'J, Enoch .Square.
HF.LFAST .. .Mtt. Cii.\Ri.!:5 Fov, 'JO, \■lo^ori.^ I'i.-.ce.

DUBLIN Mr. TH'Im \'j Co.s.noi.i.v, Nurtiiumberl.-iiul House.

BKIbToL Mr. J. \V. Down, Bath Bridge.

AGENTS OF THE CANADIAN GOVEllN.MENT IN CANADA.

QU EDLC. . ..Mr.. L. .Si -vIK iKi', Point Levis, nuebec.

TOR')NTO.. ..Mir. j. .\. 1 >..:inai.i: .' i.\. S'r.irhaii .V\en'..c, Toronto, Ontaiio.

OTT.\\\'.\.. . . Mi;. ^V. L Wlll.,, \Vci::!i;.;lo,i Street, Ottawa, Ont.nriu.

.MON'l'l-ir.VL. . Mr- I- .1. I'M IV, ]'. inaM.niure Street, .Moiitrcal, Province of Quebec. ^

KI.N't '.S I'lii-N .Mr. J;. ^^.\("l•l^.:,^||^. W'iliiim Street, King-tun, Ontario.

H.\MILTtjN . . ^L.. LuiN ■smiiii, (Jr.. it Wc-tcin Rail\v;iy St.-iti.jn, Hamilton, Ontario.

LONDO.N Mu. A. ('•. .-sMVlll, Lcvlo;!, lj;:t..riu.

HALII-.\X Ml'- I-- <-'i.\v. Hahi.ix, .Nova Scotia.

ST. luHN Mr. S. (j \i ii-.r.i:, St. J.jIoi, Ncv l!;u;i-wick.

WI.NN Il'iiC . . .Mt;. W, C. P>. (iR.Mi.vMi ami .Mr. II. J. M:\.-\s, German .V.ssistant, \Viniii;)eg, Manitoba.
EMl-iRl^ON . ...Mr. T. E. 'It- if, I'.ailway Station, I'iii'.er-on, Mar.itoh.i.

BR-\ND*N ...\Ir. Tiiii> Pi;", nit, an ! '-Li. L I-ii;"i;ii.A.N:', (icrman Assistatit, Rramloti, Manttciba.
f)L".\PPL!.I.l. Ml. A. |. ]:.-.ii!ii;, ■Pr.;,', <ju-.\pi,elle,

p(.)KP Aurii! i-t. :.;;; j. .\i. \\< g.-m.rn.

The-.c V ill aff'it'i tl.? fc'.hit .-I'l'. ie. Tiicy sIi'nM I'c im'.tic lintel}- ;\|i;.lic.l to on arriv.il, .MI citn-
iilain's -hoa' 1 1 •; ..-l ;i'-^>.''! t ■ th.ni TI • y will .'!-i farni,!! ii^firin.iti.in a, to i.m !s ic'-.'a Tt - 'ttknicnt in
ih -ir rcMjjili.e I'l'/. in:ei ;'.ici Di-lrii i-., I''.iim< for Sale, ilomiiid f.ir em;)! lyment, rates of u.i.'-,, lu.itc.. of
tra-.'l, di ■ '^re-, cx-cimc- ■/( ■.- i!i\e).i;i c ; a:i.l \sill receive aifl forward letleis aiiil remittances for
Settlers, '.tc.

I<»

i' I

WINNIPEG.

■jfrTIE Citj of Winnipoj,', tlic rajiit.il of M:iiiitoba, is situateil :it the conflnoiice of
^''l^. the Red and Assiiiilioiiie liivcrs, in lalitiuJe TjO" North, 97^ Wost, on the site
v-^ oftheoUl Iluilson's I5;iy Company's lieatl([uarters in the Nnrlh-West, formerly
known as Fort Harry, and nearly nrulway between the Atlantic and Pacific Ocimiis.

The Red River has its rise in Eastern Minnesota, not far from the source of the
Mississippi River, and empties its waters into Lake Winnipeg. It i.-> navigable
for upwards of 300 miles of its course. The Assiniboine being navigable for about the
same distance.

Winnipeg- was granted a charter of incorporation as a city in 1873. Its popula-
tion in

1870 was 300

1880 8,000

1885 25,000

The assessed value of real and personal properly was in

1875 82,635,805

1880 4,000,000

1885 19,735,000

The following figures, in reference to the city's trade, are taken from the last
Annual Report of the Winnipeg Board of Trade :

Wholesale Mercantile Houses ... ... ... 75

Retail ... ... ... .. ... ... 408

Mauufacturino- ... ... ... ... ... 167

Miscellaneous

262

!■'

Trading institutions'of every kind.
Business done in 1881 :
Mercantile ...
Mauufiictnring
Miscellaneous

Total

... 912

$20,029,693

2,550,000

500,000

$23,079,698

Value of imports $2,239,611

There are branchas of eight Chartered Banks, and one Local Bank, and fourteen
Loan Companies, doing business in the city.

Within a radius of thirty miles of Winnipeg there are upwards of one million acres
of land of the very best dc-cription, well wooili'd and watered, uncultivated. These
lands were locked-up fruiii settlement fur many vears as " Half-breed Reserves " pend-
ing the allotment of ^ciip. The latter has nearly altigether pasted into the hands of
Land CVmipauics and non-fiiriiiing residents of the City, and can now be purchased at
prices ranging fr^m 82 U> <.10 per acre. Land of the very best quality can at the
present time be purchase'! within from three to ten miles of this rapidly growing city
for $5 to $1>7 per acre - and partly upon credit.

The advantages of locating near a Metropolitan market and distributing centre
are many and obvious, and should be carefully considered by intending settlers before
deciding to locate at points further West.

Much has been said of tiie invigorating climate of the North-West. The summer
is warmer than in Lastcrn Canada, and a lower temperature is experienced in winter,
but the dry, cri>p atmosjiheri , the total absence of fogs and moist winds, vender the
climate one of unrivalled silubiity — I'.u- preferable to tbe moist erratic weatlicr of the
East. The snowfall is light, being barely sulTicienl I'ur sleighing.

One can Mccoinpli>li more here in seven months of unfroz«^n earth than in ten
months of a softer, a mure enerv.iting cliuie.

18

m

I'djuilathui ill till' CaiKuIiau Xortli-West ;is in

A livii'f stiiJy (if flio ^Fiip (f tlio Worl^l will do inurli to ijisjiel soin'' ilhisory
iiliM-; sorn','timl^s 1;, MI, 1 Willi Vfspi'ct tn \Viniiij''>,' ln'ln^ '■ tno far Nditli," We iul; in
tlio oOth paiallrl n\' N,,rtli latitn !e~Su\itli of tin" Vincyar'l.- nf tlu« Iljiine and of
stumy I'raiira ; in fhi" -anio lalitudr as Di'-'iipr in Fran 'c, Maycnce and Finnkfnrt-on
Main, in (J.Tniany ; fni) mile-; J?miii1i ,.f Mi>ci)W, with its sixteen Inindrpil tlio,.^and
inlmliit ants ; Jiio niilos South (.f ( ;la>;,'ow, Scotland; and 100 miles S(,nth of the
most S(,ntlii'rly point of tliat '-iii-.^t CuW] of tin' Ocean- tirst [>le of the Sea," Ireland,
whose fertile l>ogs snp| ort an intcre-tin.i; popi lation of over four millions of people

In Hassia wheat is cultivated as fir ^orth as St Puterhburgh — nearly I,2oO
miles North of Winiiipe^'.

When we consider tlie vast extent of this magnificent country, its fertility of
soil and mildness cif eliniato, there .lie- not apj'car to he any riMS(,n why. iii the near
future, there should not he a^ den^' a
Northern and Central Knro[ie on the >a!ne parallels of latitude.

One of the most eminent of Ainerien's statesmen, the late Ilon'hie W. ILSi-ward,
Secretary of State, said, in a spee-li delivered ut St. Paul, Minnesota, in ISCO ;.. .

" I find myself now f(;r the tir.-t time upon the hiL,'hlaiKls in the centre of the
Continent of North Amerie.i, eipii'list.mt fi'ora the Waters of Hudson's I'ay and the
Gulf of Mexico — from th- Allaniic ( k'eaii to the ocean in which the .sun set.s. * • •
Here is the place— the central place where the agriculture of the richest region of
North America must pour out its trihut-'s to the whole of the world * * * Power
i.s not permanently to reside in the East. The [lower that shall communicate and
ex|>re.s.s the will of men on this Continent is to he located in the Wost,

" In our day. -tiidying what niiu'ht. have seemed to others trifli.ig and visionary, I
had cast alout for the future atul ultimate scat of the power of the .Vorth American
people. I liatj looked at Quebec, at New Orleans, and San Francisco ; and it had been
the result of my conjecture that the s^at of [lower for North America would yet he
found in the valley of Mexico. But I liave corrected that view. I now believe that
the ultimate la-t >eat of Government on this great continent will he found somewhere
within a circle or radius not far from the spot on which I stand.'*

Winnipeg is, aiul will undonhtedly continue to be, [jreemiiiently i/ic- City of the
North-Wcst. It is steadily marching on to certain and >table prosperity. Evidences
of this prosjierity are witnessed in its inagnili>ent I'ublic buildings, in the numerous
handsome and sul)~tantial I u^ine-s blocks and elegant private dwellings throughout the
city. Main Street, winding its way through tho centre of the city, is justly regarded
as the finest street in the Dominion .f Canada. It is 182 feet in width, and is con-
tinuously lined with hnsinois houses for one ard a quarter miles of its length.

But it is not alone in the magnitude of her building and trade o[ieraticns that
Winnipeg gives evidence of future growth and importance. Her wide and compre-
hensive Uailnxid connections, pa'csent and prospective, constitute a foundation for future
greatness which no temporary adversitv can subvert. Her Railways are stretching
out to almost every point of tie' C' u'jass. 'riie Canadian Pacific Fiailway extending
East to the Atlantic and West to tin- Pacific (.)cean connecting with a Steamship F-ine
to China and dapan. The Winnip-'i,' and Hudson's Hay F^ailway (under contract for
construction) running North .'■. di-tance of GoO miles to the waters of FFudson's Bay,
placing Winnipeg nearer to Livcrp'o! than Montreal or New York. 'J'his is unques-
tionably destined in the near future t'l be the channel through which the Pacific trade
vrill flow to Euro[ie. Tiie route fi-.m China a. d Japan via the Hudson's Bay being
1,120 miles shorter than via M<mtn'(i! and "2, HO shorter tluiti via New York.

Th^re are over .'")O0 mile-, of llrandi Uailways r.idiating from Winni['Cg to the
South-West and Norlli-W'est, an 1 this mileage is being yearly ndde*! t , whilst a
comiectio i with the American railway sy~teni to the South of us cannot lont,^er be
delayed. In the words of the I'reniier of Cantida :— '' We cannot check Manitoba ! ''
Nothing can check its onward niardi ; nothing should u\ will be permitted to stem or
iinj)ede the current of it- pro<[)erity.

As the Capital of the prcnier Province of the Nortli-West ; as the c nmiercial,
linancial, and distributing cent'- of the \:.,-t expanse of country stretching West to the
Pacific Slo[ e, Winnipeg, at this .-tage of its exi.stcncc, offers to the capitalist, the
business man, the artizan, the a^ricultmalist, inducements and opportunities une(iuallcd
by any city or town on this Continent.

u

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H

THE LEADING GROCI'.KY HALL

CUMMINGS & CO.,

WHOLESALE & RETAIL DEALERS IN
VVINES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS,

CLEMENTS' BLOCK, 41)8, ALAIN ST.,

WINNIPEG.

SPECIAL ATTENTION TO LIQUOR PERMITS.

n?o 02P0iEt'!ir^3?ja:iEsr^.

GLIB HO.¥SI HOTIL,

REABURN, MANITOBA.

MOGRIDGE & KEELING,

PROPRlEIOliS.

Situated on the shores of Long Lake, alongside C.lMv Station,
and within 30 miles of Winnipeg.

AMPLE ACGOMMODATIOIJ,
GUNS, BOATS, &c., always on hand.

Tliis district is justly celebrated for the quantity and variety of
Game abonnding here, and cannot be surpassed in ]\Linitoba or
N.W.T. as a Shooting centre.

15

WOODSTOCK HOUSE

Right Opposite tlio C.P.E. Station.

»

Meals and Lodn-jnos, 25 Cents each.

Board by the Week, $4.50.

IkW£.% H}SMMIHS50i^T,

PROPRIETOR.

BOYD & CO.,

j

IG fc 18, Portage Avenue, Winnipeg

(Ol'l'OSITK Ql'EEN-S EuTEI.)

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^

FINE GUNS, FISHING TACKLE, SKATES, &c.

t

Eley Bros.' Wads, Shells and Animiinltion ; Currls v.t Harvey's
Diamond-Grain Powdci-; Newcastle Cliilled Shut. Puck and Plover
Culls', dun Cases and C'uver.s : Cartrid"-e iiuxcs, I'elts and l)aus ;
Gun Implements, etc.

Guns Rc-Stocked and Repaired, &c.

16

,!'

-

R. J. WHITLA k CO

^W H O I^ E3 S A. r. E

I ■

3M GOO-BS IMPORTEES.

Coriuu* of MeDermott & xVlbcrt Streets,

"WIHDiTIPEG-.

j5^e) hill, m^hm^'i^

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t£f

W. E, SAHFORD & CO,

\msi\k Clolljitrs,

Whitla's Block, All^ert Street,

MaNUFaCTOI{V

HAMll/i'ON, OXT.

17

>s

»,

v\r7)

J"0H:."N- C-An^i^BET^L, Froprietor.

45, 47 (!v 49, PORTAGE AVENUE,

Hacks, Landaus, Bretts, Victoria & Pony Phaetons, and all Styles
Carriages and Light Buggies Manufactured.

Carts, Backboards. Platform and other Spring- Wagons,

Sleighs, Cutteia, &c.

Carriao-es Sliipptd t.. all parts of tla- Country. All Work Warranted.

ANGUS GRANT, Managkk.

p. O. Box ;33G.

ANYONE DESIROUS OF

Good-Pitting Spring or Summer Suit,

Will find it profitable to visit

..: H. SANDISOiN,

THE ENGLISH TAILOR,

I . ,'■■■■■

WINNIPEG.

P^ixccllciit assortiiu'iit of Kii^-llsh (k Scotch Tweeds, Ii-isli Soi-"-e> &c.
' ' FIRST-CLASS FIT. MODERATE CHARGES.

18

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ST015AIIT SONS & CO.,

or

DOMKSTK! & F<JKEICiX

1-1 Y GOODS

E=*OIE^^-^.C3-S ja.^V^jESl">jlOS3,

I.,. ^

"WINNIPEG.

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WILLIAM WELLP)AX1),

WHOLESALE & RETAIL

BOOT & SHOE lAMFACTTIREE

WINNIPEG.

A lar.re a?.soitiu.'nt of LADIICS' and GENTLIOMEX'S Boots aiv\ Sliocs,
in Lnte.'^t i^tvK's and Lowesl Prices, always on liaiid to cliuosc lioni.

SPECIAL advaiita^i'S ullcivd to Couiitrv Custom.

SUUVEYOl{Sand Coiitrartoi> would do well to examine WELLT.AND'S
Lar<''0 iStock and Lo\n' I'rici's li.ioii' iiurclinsin;:;- dscwliere.

All descriptions of RUBBER GOODS and LEGGINGS in Stock.
Orders promptly attended to. Particular attention given to Repairs.

i WILLIAM WELLBAND.

19

Srid'sh, Aniericai

sr.u.vi-R i- CO

PAMCY GOOBs

^•^'A..L^VA,<.s. TO^•s. HEADS, ^-,

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HODGSON, SUMNER & CO

WINNIPEG.

AN'S HOTEL

WINNIPEG.

J. Vl^HELAN, P

^f^prictor.

20

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To intending Settlers in Manitoba and the North West we
onld respectfully tender a word of advice. Do not brite an
rticle of I nmiture with you, iK3 it can be bought from iw a? cheap ss
; the old country, and saves you the anxiety of its being lost or

tock is now vert larcre. consistinff of >^-'i^^^^^iy:'f^^'<'^^\^'^

rokeD«

' " Our stock is now very large, consisting

BDROOM and PARLOUR BUITXS. all Stylet and Prices, OHAJR%
f , TABLES, BEDSTEADS, MATTRESSES, PILLOWS, ' *U^J

BUREAUS, WASHSTAKDS, StDEBOARDS, CUPBOARDS, >^;^
' LOUNGES, EAST "SHAIRS, SOFAS, eta, eto. iK* ^Nr jy

V When in Winnipeg do not forffet *o call on us and see our
ook. We cannot be undergold. "-. '^i ^^' ^ vi::H '> ■' if ^^ ' •

Remember the Address-

■V'i-:*''.'':.'

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. SCOTT & LESLIE, ^ ^<

276, MAIN STREET WINNIPEG.

» — . '

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rcliibald, HoWell, floughX Campbell,

BARRISTERS, SOLICITORS, <Sc.,

OFFICES :

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411, MAIN STEEET, WINNIPEG,

MANITOBA.

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BXBER ARCHIBALD,
T. STANLEY HOUGH,

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H. M. HOWELL, Q.C,

ISAAC CAMPBELL.

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THE BASIS OF ALT. SECURITY. ^

J FOR JVIANITOBAI

'The Prairie Province of Canada. The Land of Golden Grain.

f^"^.^

'^Hi^ -mM %v^. ■ By WM. R. GRUNDY. %^*4^ ?*f ^-

6ait«b1« for Wheat raiding or Mixed Farming, in the famoas Bad Birer Valley, or on the
table lands beyond. Ae on the Stock Market, so in the Beal Estate Market, where one man
wanta to buy another wantd to eell. ^ Why settle in the far West when yon can bay a Farm
•t a low price and on eaey terms, with or without improrements, in toe Ticinity of towns.
tAnnij mffurding ■ ready mHrket, Bailrood faoilities and the advantage of Schools and
Oharones. Time and money arc both saved by thiii plan, as surely as a farmer can better
afford to bay a wagon than to build one.

Winnipeg, the Cipital o? Masltooa. The great Commercial Centre A Metropolis of the N.West

BUSINESS PRO PEETIES.— Building lots in the best looations, for the erection of
Stores or Dwellings, and which will pay a large interest on the inrestmcnt. Money advanced
tut building purposes. Houses for sale on the instalment plan.

Now is the time to buy property. Cheaper than ever before offered. No safer or more

Eofitable investment can be found anywhere. Timber Grants, Coal and other raluable
ineral locations for sale. Fire and Life Insurance effected. , , , ^ti j '

:■ :if.:i :.

i^T a* . aa . o- «; X7 :Nr o 3r,

358, MAIN STREET (Five Doora from the Bank of Monta-eal)
WINNIPT^G, MANITOBA.

n^ nUlMt Ln/«rmatt*B afforded to b. t-Uers. Over Fonr years' ezperleneo la the BosUi
^ f .la tbis City.

■ ' im- COME BY THE =' ALL CANADIAN ROUTE." -•»

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.EEDWOOD BEEWEEY.

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Mali m

PREMIUM LAGER,

EQUAL TO ANY IMPORTED. ^

p^- y FINE STOCK - '

AND EXTRA PORTER,

BOTTLED AND IN WOOD.

attention.

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MANITOBA PROPERTIES

AT LOW PRlCaS A5D OK EAST TBilMS.

,X A ?^Hy shouIdttRose wh6 ihlenS iettline: in ' i
Y y -./Manitoba go- sq far west whdn they 4^ %|
^ I- can obtain LANDS EQUALj:.Y
GOOD ancl CHEAP Within'a radliu^cf fn)m r, ^^
6 to 75 MILES from WINNIPEG? ;'F^nher |* f
v^ est the prices of Supplies of all kinds must J^i i' j
always be higher, while the prices of CAT FLE, ^^^
GRAIN and PRODUCE will be Jower, by!

THK AMOUNT OF •. FEEIGH| AT LEAST, .. thall at -J

i^^Winnipeg, where keen' competitionf Exists. ' |' .■

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^vf^For further partlculars^apply to V\ ' ^'

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CARRUTHERS & BROCK, it 1

tlBAii Estate, LoAir & Ijn^ukancb Agents,

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NORTH-WESTERN

RAILWAY COMPANY
Offer Special Inducements

TO

iOTUAL SEnURS, ,

COCSC3C008SSOCC0800C88880S8880SCS8CC088888tt8

Four Methods of Puroliaging the Lands of the Companj:
in Well Settled Distn'ots Near the Railway. |

The Price of the Land being detennined by Location and the Quality of '
the Soil, and based on the Reports^of Land Examiners.

N©. 1. — Cash payment in full, less discount.

JJO. 2 — Purchase one sixth cash, balance five annual
infttalments.

No. 3. — Rebate conditions, one sixth cash, balance five
annual instalments.

No. 4.— (v^pecial Terras.) With the object of promoting
close settlement along the line of railway, and enabling the
settler to make improvements by allowing him the uae of the
money during the fiist two years that would otherwise be
payable to the Cor.ipany, and tims putting him in the position
of being able to iiiake his payments out of profits from crops,
stock, <&c.

880SS08008SOS888Sa08800SgOS8SCCCCSOSCttSCSSS8
For any farther Information apply to ;r^^^.. ;. ^%a.

i ' "A. F. EDEN, Land Commissioner, '
-^'"622, Main Street, WINNIPEG.

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