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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. y errata Id to nt ne pelure, i9on d 2 3 32X t 1 t 4 5 6 I JOURNAL O F TRANSACTIONS and EVENTS, DURING A RESIDENCE OF NEARLY SIXTEEN YEARS O N T H £ COAST OF LABRADOR; CONTAINING MANY INTERESTING PARTICULARS. ^ B O T H O F T H E COUNTRY AND ITS INHABITANTS, NOT HITHERTO KNOWN. i^'^ ILLUSTRATED WITH PROPER CHARTS. By GEORGE CARTWRIGHT, Efq. IN THREE VOLUMES. VOL. II. NEWARK: PRINTED AND SOLD BY. ALLIN AND RIDCE ; SOLD ALSO BY G. G. J, AND J. ROBINSON, IN PATERNOSTER-ROW, AlIO J, STOCKDALE, PICCADILLY, LONDON. 179a. ' . 1^ re C3S t/.:i limiai GLOSSARY. AuNTSARY. A bird of the wading genus, refemblifig a redOiank. Angle of a Beaverhouse. The entrance; it is always under water. Bah Ed Apples. The fruit of a plant fo called, from the fimilarity of taAe to that of the pulp of a roailcd apple. Barrens. Elevated lands, which will not produce timber. Barkicaoos. That ice which is formed upon the (hore above low-water mark. Beaver-CUTTINCS. a furrier's term for thofe trees or fticks which have been cut down by beavers. It is alfo ufed for the flumps which are left. Block up a Boat. To place blocks, or logs of wood under her keel. Bobber. A fmall piece of wood, which is made fad by a piece of line (called the bobbei-line) to that corner of a (hoal-net next to the land, which, by floating upon the water, fliews where the net is. Bridge of a Deathfall. A piece of board placed within a deathfall ; one end of which is hung to a fmall flake by a piece of twine, and the other end is fupported in an horizontal pofition by a peg (called a tongue.) When an animal treads on it. the peg is drawn out, which feu the cat-kilier at liberty, and that falls upon the back of the creature and kills it. Bridge of a Trap. A plate of iron in the centre of a trap for the animal to tread on, which then falling down, fets the jaws at liberty. Bulk of Fish. A quantity of fifli falted one upon another. Bull. A fmall fea bird. I believe it is called the ice bird. Be >K' A pu'ce of board which it pointed at one end and broad at the other. When a furboard is not broad enough to fpread a (kin properly, the bulk is introduced on the Leily fide to flretch it completely. Callibocus. a mixture of fpruce-beer and rum. Vol. II. a Caplin. IV C. n s s R V. Cai'iim. a filh "Salmo Arclicus" Pennant. Cat-hoi SE. A luit of bouglis crefled over u ti.ip, to defend it from fnow. Chinsinmj. Filllni; wiili inofs, tlic vacancies between the ftuds of hoiifcs, to keep out the wind and froH. CousTAC.E. A covered platform, wliich is built, projeaiiig over the water, to fplit and fait codfifh in. Craft. A linicrmjii's tcr.n, fignifying the whole of the implements the}' ufe ; fuch as nets, hooks, lines, &c. Crew of Beavers. The two old beavers, and all their young ones which have not yet begun to breed. If there are more breeding pairs than one in the fame houfc, it is faid, to be inhabited by a double or treble crcvs*. Cross-fox. A fox which is bred between a fllver and a yellow. Cuffs. Mittens to wear upon the hands. They referable thofe made ufe of by hedgers in England. Death FALL. A trap made of logs. They are chiefly ufed to catch martens, but they will kill any beall, by creating them in proportion to his fize and ftrength. DiLLROOM. The well in a boat. Do AT EH. An old, common leal. EuDV Flaw. Where the current of wind is interrupted by a hill or any other body, fliort pufls will often ftrike in a contrary dire6lion; thole arc called Eddy Flaws. Faggots OF fisFi. Small parcels of codfifli, from a dozen to a fcore, laid one upon another, with their backs upwards to be defended from wet, during rain or the night. Fall IN a River. A fmall cataraft. Fish upon the Gangbo.vrds. An cxprefTion ufed by filhermen to denote, a boat being completely laden with fifh ; to Ihew which, they bring in two or three upon the Gangboards. Flakes. Sets of beams, which are fupported on ports and fhores, and covered with boughs. They are ufed to dry fi(h upon. They are of two forts, viz : Broad-flakes and Hand-flakes. Fleet of Nets. A number of nets, which are faftened to each other, in fuch manner as to form a pound, or pounds. A fleet of fahnon-nets, com- moniy fpeaking, is but three. But there is no determined number for a fleet of Stopper-nets for feals. Flight-time. The periodical migration of ducks. Frostburn. A deep and ferious penetration of froft on any animal fubftance. The effeft of fevere froft on animal fubftance* being equal with that of fire, is the reafon of that term. FuRBOARDs. Boards to fpread furs upon. Ganging G L () S S A R V. Gully. H A R !•• HOUNO. Ganging Hooks AND Lr. ADS. To i'xs. litii; iwinc in a paiticular mannci to (il'.i-liooks, and fiiiall ilrap ol line to Icails, iliai tliey may be riM \y lor iminciliate ufc. GlGG£R OR JiGGKR. A pair of Ligc hooks fixed hack to back with Tonic loail run upon the (hanks, in the fhapc of a (Kli. Tlic Gi^;i;cr hcing let down to the bottom, is plajcd hy (liaip jctks, and fncli fiili arc hooked bv it, as arc enticed by the refeinbiancc of the lead to a real filh. A Barrel with only one head in it, and a toiiplc of large holes bored under the chime hoops of the other end, to introduce a Hung to cariy it upon. They arc ufed thieHy lo carry (alt in. An old feal of that kind called by Pennant, "Blatkback." Haul a Net. Such nets as are eonflantly moored in the water are hauled by going out to them in a boat, laying hold of one end, and hauling the boat along by the head-rope to the other end, taking the fifh out into the boat; the tncfhes being made large enough for the (i(h to entangle them- felves in them. A feine is hauled, by (liooting it, by degrees, out of a boat into the water, and hauling it on (hore again by the two ends. A water-fowl rather larger than a teal. Thcfc birds migrate to the north in large (locks in tlic fpring, and as they fly, make a conti- nual noife, than which notliing can more refcmble the cry of a pack of beagles when in chafe. When, and how they icturn to the fouili a^ain 1 am unacquainted. A little hill. The low ice with which the whole face ol the ocean is covered cvcsv winter, and until late in the fumincr. The young of the fmallell kind of (cal ; the old ones arc called Dou- ble Jars. To cure fifh or meat in the open air -tii'iout fait. Killers ok a Deatufall, are three, viz. i irj Ground-killer; which lies upon the ground, acrofs the front of i.ie Deathfall. The Cat-killer; one end of which turns upon a nail wiiich is driven into a (Irong (lake, and the other is fuppoiied high up by a line whidi pafRs over a crutch on the top of a (lake and then come-^ down to another at the bottom, under which one end of the tongue is fiiccd, while the other fupports the bridge; which being prelfed by the an:ni;;l, dilcngagfs the point of the tongue, that fets the cat-killer at liberty and it falls down upon the ground-killer ; confcqucntly falls down upon the back, of any animal, which may be (landing acrofs the latter. And the Main-killer; one end of which refts upon the ground and tlie other upon J HUMMOC. Jam Ice. Jar. Jerk. II Vi GLOSSARY. upon t}ie elerateil end of the Cat'killer, and falls with it; ferving t« kee|i the latter down. KiLLlCK. A wooden aticlior, made by nailing a pair of cUws acroft each other, and fixing three rods to each claw ; within which a large Done is pla- ced to give it weight, and the ends of all the rods are tied together above the {lone, to fecure it in its place. KtNC-ll AIRS. The long, gloITy hairs in the (kin of a beaft, which cover the thick cnat of iur. Kyack. The Efquiraau name for the canoe which is made ufe of by that nation. Lady. A water-fowl of the duck genus, and the hen of the lord. Lance. A fmall (i(h. The Sand-eel. Lan uwash. That part of the (bore wliich is within the reach of the water in heavy gales of wind. Layi NG-ROOM. Boughs fpread upon the ground to dry hfh upon. They are feU dom made ufe of, except on the firft eflablilhing a cod-(i(hery, befoie there has been time to ere£l flakes. Ledge. Sunken rocks, and flioaly places in the fea, where the codfifli refort. LooscuvsE. A fea dilh. It is a compofition of minced, failed beef, fea bifcuii broken fmall, together with potatoes and onions, pepper, &c. re- fcmbling a thick foup. Longer 6. Poles, which, by being nailed top to but, are made ufe of for floors, inflead of boards. Lolly. Soft ice, or congealed fnow floating in the water when it firft begins to freeze. Loon. A large lowl of the diving genus. Lor D. A water-fowl of ilie teal kind. Mew. a keeper's term, for deer calling their horns. Mink. A fmall amphibious animal of the otter fpecies. NiTCH or RiN us. Ten in number, or as many large *»nes, as a man can conveni- ently carry under his arm. Each rind mull be fix feet long, and as wide as the circumference of the tree on which it grew. Northwester. A hood to cover the head and flioulders in fevere weather. It is intended chiefly to defend the cheeks and neck. Pack of Casks. A cafk whicii is taken to pieces, firft marking the (laves, bun- dled up together and fecured by four hoops. Pan of Ice. A piece of flat ice of no determined fize, but not very large; the large ones are called (beets of ice. Pelt. The fl^in of an animal with the fat adhering to it. That term is made ufe GLOSSARY. vn life of, for the (kins of fcals, and fii< h oilier animiils, ihc fat of which lies between the flinand the fle(h. A (cal &.c. is faid to be Pkliko. when the (kin and fat are taken off together. Pun ir I'KR;.. The fin-like feet of feals, and other aiuiihibioiu animals. Pil.1. (JF Fjsit. A large quantity of dry filh, built up inthelorinof a round hayftark. When they arc lufHcicntly cured upon the llakcJ, they are made up into a pile, in order to prcferve iheni from wet ; to get a gentle heat, and to make room for others. Pin OVERS. Bits of flannel, which arc tacked to one fide of the Northweftcr, and pinncil to the otlicr ; one covering ilic nofe, and the other, the chin. Pl.\nter. a man who keeps fervants of his own, and carries on burinefs for him- fclf: but who, by not having a vcnel, buy.s his necclfary fnppliei from, and fells the produce of liis concerns to a merchant in the country. Pooler, A falmon which has lain a long tiinc in a river, but has not yet fpawncd. Post. A flout piece of timber, flanding perpendicularly under a beam. A flat ion from whence a fifhery is carried on. Pkyok-pole. a long pole, which is faflened to that end of a fhoal-nct that is iarthell from the land, by a piece of rat-line ; which, not being long enough to reach to the furface of the water, caufes the top of the pole to appear, when the water is covered with ice or lolly. Ptarmigan. A bird of the groufe kind ; it generally weighs about a pound, but feldom more. Punt. A fmall boat. Raftering of Ice. Ice is faid to rafter, when, by being flopped in its palfage, one piece is forced under another, until the upperinod ones rife to a great height. Rand of Fat. A fealer's term for a large piece of fat, jufl as it happens to be cut off the animal. Rapid, in a River. Where there is a fudden declivity of the bed of a liver, the dream runs quicker; fuch places are called Rapids. Rattle, in a River. Where there is a fuccefTion of falls in a river (which are frequently to be met with in mountainous countries) the falling water makes a great noife ; fuch a place is called a Rattle, RenderincOil. a fealer's term for melting fat into oil. Rinding. The a£lion of taking the bark from trees. In this part of the world, one length only, of fix feet, is taken ofTthe lower part of the trunk of a tree. The chief ufe of rinds is, to cover the roofs of houfes and piles of fifh. Rode. A fmall tow-line, of four inchesand an half ;made ufc of by Ihallops, by way of a cable. Vol. II. b Round Mil G I. () S S A R Y. KOUND Seal. A fcal whicli has not yet been eii'ier (kinned or pelted. RuBDi.NCHLACK. A place by the waier-fide, wiiich otters have frequently made life of to rub themfelves on after filhing. RtJMMACi.. A liiriici's term lor fcarthmg a country; particularly for beaver>houfef, when nothing elfe is mentioned. Saiidle ok a Him. The low part between two elevations on a chain of hilU. SADULtu ACK. Tlie Urged fpecies of gull. "Blackbatk." Pcanaiii. ScuLPiN. A filh of ilic gurnet genus. Sewk.i.. a device to turn deer; particularly applied to the feathered line. Shellbiro. a water-fowl. I believe it is aWcd Aoner in England. Shares. Menarcfaid to workon thc7^<*r« when they have a proportion of what ihey kill or make, in lieu of wages; their employer fuinilhing craft. Sn I V. An inftrumcnt of wood, to take rinds off the trees. Shoal-nf.t. a net to catch feals in. It is generally forty fathoms long and two deep. The foot of it is brought to, on a (hallop's old rode, and the head, on two fifhing-lines; with corks between. It is fet in any depth of water, not exceeding fifteen fathoms nor Icfs than three, and moored by a couple of killicks, faftened by eight or ten fathoms of rope to the ends of the foot-rope, which by its weight keeps the foot of the net clofc to the bottom of tlie water, and the corks make it fland perpen- dicular. As the feals dive along near the bottom to flfh, they ftrike into the net and are entangled; for the net is placed, with one end towards the (hoie, and tlu- other right off. The Pryor-pole at the outer clew (corner) and the bobber at the imicr one, fhcw where the net is. The fealers lay hold of either, and by their means bring the head of the net to the boat ; they then haul their boat along to the other end, and take the feals out as they go. SiloALS OF .Seals, or Fish. A number of feals or filh being in company, are called ajkual. I prcfume the term arofe, from the breaking of the water among them, appearing like the rippling of (hoaly ground. Shoot in a River. A place where the ftream, being confined by rocks which appear above water, is Ihot through the aperture with great force. Shore. A llout poll placed on the fide of a beam in a reclined pofition, to prevent its giving way on that fide. Shoremen. The people who are employed on Oiore, to head, fplit, and fait the co.ifilh. SuoR£ UFA Boat. When a boat is placed upon the blocks, and fci upright, feveial fhores are placed on each fide ; to prevent its falling either to one (idc or tiic other. SlLVER-fOX.. ! I GLOSSARY. IX SiLVER-rox. A black-fox, with white long-hairs dirpcrfcJ on the back of it. SlLVER-THAW. When it rains ami freezes at the fame time. Slink. A rjlmnn which has (pawned, and li^s not yet recovered ilfelf by retuininjj intu the (ea ; till which time, it never will. Slii'. a fiure lor catching deer, bears, ur other large animals. They are made uf various materials, accordingly as a man is provided. Slot. The foot-mark ol deer. SrRiNO Fisil. A falmon which is in perfcil fcafon. Spruce-came. A bird of the groufc gmus. Sp c DC E L. A fmall bucket fixed to the end of a pule, to throw the water out of a boat, which has no pump. Spurshores. Very long (botes, to fupport the wall-plate of the roof of a cod (lage. Squid. The ink(i(h. Swing a net. A net is faid to be at yrciA^, when one end only of it is made faft. Steady in a River. A part where tlie bed widens, inclining to a pond, and there is no perceptible (Iream. Stint. The dam made by lieavers acrofs a ftream, to raife the water to a height convenient for their purpofe. Writh. The contents of the magazine formed by beavers, for their fupport in the winter. Stock of Timber. A piece of timber, intended to be fawcd. Stopper- net. A large net for catching fcais, which is mado to fit tlie place in which it is fixed ; the foot lies upon the ground, and ilic head floats on the furface of the water, by means of buoys. Tiic farther end is made faft to an ifland (where there is one) or to the head-rope of a long net which is moored parallel to the (horc, and the near end is raifed or lowered at pleafure, liy means of capflaiis. Several of thefe nets being placed at certain diilanccs from each other, form fo many pounds, Stouter. Very ilrong (hores, which are placed round the head of a (lage or wharf, to prevent them from being damaged by Ihips or boats. Stranger. A water- fowl of the duck kind. Tail a Trap. To fix it properly for catching an animal. Thwart up .\ Boat. To move a boat out ol tlie reach of the tide, by the af&dance of leavers or bodily Arength, when (he is laid broadfide to the fhore. Tickle. A palfa^e between the continent and an ifland, or between two iflands, when it is of no great width. TiNKfcR. A fea fowl. *' Razorbill." — Pennant. Tilt. A fmall hut. Tilt- I X GLOSSARY. TiLT-BACK. A Back-tilt is a (hed made of boughs, refembling the fcftion of a roof ; the back part is placed towards the wind, and a fire is generally made in the front. Tom-cod. Young codfifli. Tongue of a Deathfall. A peg. which is tied to the end of the line which fupports the Cat-killer; mc but end of which is placed under a fork or notch in a flake, and the point is inferted in a hole in the end of the bridge. Tongue of a Trap, A fmall bar of iron, which is placed on one fide of the bed of {. trap, and turns upon a pin : it palfes over one of the ja'/s, and the end of it is fixed under the heel of the bridge, which it fupports until that is prefled upon ; when, being fet at liberty, the jaws fly up. Turn of Timber. So much as a man can carry on his flioulders. Water-horse. Newly waflied codfifli, which are laid upon each other to drain before they are fpread to dry. Whabby. a water-fowl of the diving genus. Whigwham. An Indian tent of a conical form. Whitecoat. a young feal, before it has call its firft coat, which is white and furry. Whitefish. a fiOi of the Porpoifc kind. Whitings. Trees which have been barked, and left (landing. Whittled-sticks. Sticks from which beavers have eaten the bark. Wrappers. Loofe flevee-pieces to button round the wrifts, to defend them froto the froft. Youngster. Anovitiate; a perfon in the firft year, or early part of his fervitude one who has his bufinefs to learn. i fa J Ily i ch rk i of :d i id ts 1 9. ' * JOURNAL OF TRANSACTIONS and EVENTS ON THE COAST OF LABRADOR. THE THIRD VOYAGE. SOON after my arrival in to\vn, I entered into a partnerfhip witli captain Robert Scott, late commander of the Speaker Eafl Indiaman, and Mr. John Scott, his younger brother, who had been his fourth mate on board the faid fhip. They were jointly to have one half of the trade, n d I the other. My velTcl and flock were to be received at a valuation of two thoufand pounds, and they were to furnifli an equal fum in cafli. We appointed Mr. Robert Hunter, merchant in London, our faflor, and ordered him to purchafc another vefTcl for us, and provide fuch goods as I judged we fhould want. Vol. n. B On >773- December, rn 2 Dcicuibrr. 1 liurljaj' 30. '771. Jaiiu.iiy. Thurl(J,iy 10. THE THIRD VOYAGE. On the lliiruclli of December I fet olF for the country to vifit my relations, retmncd to town a'^ain on the teiuh oi' January, and \\'c figncdour articles of parlnerlhip a i'cw days aderwards. March Mr. Hunter having purchafed an Aniericnn-built fliip for us, ahnoRncw, oi two hundred and thirty tons burihen; we named licr the Earl oF Dartmouth, gave the command ot licr to Mr. liiuiiday 10, John Dykes, filled her for fea, and on the tentii of March the fail- ed for Cadiz, to take m a freight of wines lor Mr. Adam Lym- burner of O'li-^cc. 'i'here Ihe was lo procure bread, flour, planks, boards, hogflicad and tierce packs, hoops, and luch other articles as were cheaper, in general, at that place than in Endand, and cariv them to Charles Haibour for the ufe of the comixmy. Mr. John Scott failed in her in quality of iupercargo. Captain Monday having niin;)ehaved hiinlelf grcady, in fe- veral inllanccs, during the courleof my last voyage, idifcharg- cd him, and j^'ve the command of the Lady TyrconiT.l to Mr. 'i'homas Vt iilu.e. That vellcl having taken on board ail fuch things as had been provided in London, failed on the iwenty- WeJrcf. ?3. diird of March for Plymoulli: Avhere flie was to receive leveral other goods. Captain Scott embarked; as did alfb Mr. James Pitkcihlcy, whom wc had hired to Icrve us in the double capa- city of furgcon and clerk, in the place of Mr. Williams. I was to go by land to Poole and Bridport, and meet the vefici at Plymouth. Th ifday 24. April. V e 1 e' -3. llind N. f. J'Jh I kft London tlie next day, and airived at Plymouth on the fccond of April, where I found the vellijl fafc moored. Having P.iippcd o.Tall our goods, and hired a joiner, two men, and a couple of worn n 'crva:its, we fa, led at fix in the morn- ing of [he :hirtcenth for WuierforJ or CorA; as the wind might be it fuit. 'i he THE THIRD VOYAGE. a >774- April, » ,'\ The wind being lair and a fine gale, we ran down the Chan- nel at the rate of leven knots. At three in the afternoon, cap- tain \'cnture, being employed in the cabin in preparing fonic tackle for trout on his arrival in Labrador, did not pay pro- per attention to the courfe of the \elfcl ; in confequence of which fhe ran upon that well-known rock called Rundleflone, which lies about four miles fouthward of the Land's-end. She inllant- ly {lopped, and wc immediately faw many fplinters from her bottom, lloatingon the furface ol the water. In a few minutes fhe went on again, and ^ve tried the pumps continually, but flie made no water; this furprifed us greatly, for the (liock was a fcvere one. It blew frefh all niglit, and the tide out of the Iiifh and Brillol Chaimels, having fct us farther to leeward than we had fuppofcd it would; the next moining we found ourliLd\'es Thurfday 14 far to leeward of Waterford, and therefore bore up for Cork, where wc anchored at eiglit in the evening near the village of Cove. We applied to Mr. Jafpcr Lucas, a merchant in Cork, to whom we had a letter of credit, for fuch pro\i(ions and other nccellaries as we were in want of; and we engaged a number of young men to go out with., and ferve us in Labrador for tiic fpace of two fummers and a 'winter ; among Avhom were nine coopers and Ibme fiiheruicn. As I could not be perfuaded that the vciRl had received no Tuefday 2G. damage from the rock, I at length prevailed upon captain Scott to have iier bottom examined; and on the twenty-fixlli we laid her on fliore ibr that purj)o{e. We then found that fourteen feet of her keel was torn entirely off, clofiL' to her bottom ; and two planks on her (larboard bulge, three fie 1 lorg, ihiveredto fplinters; which fliewed that (he had (hack upon the cro^vn of one rock, and againll the fide of another. At high-water (he ^^ '^'^"'^^' ^7* B 2 Avas <*^>1 1771- April. THE THIRD voyagf:. was heeled to the other fide, and when the tide returned, flic filled up to her deeks, and laid her whole cargo under water. Thurfday 28. Q^^ jjj^ tu'cntvcigluli wc bcgan to unload the veflel. The goods were obliged to be Cent up to Cork, and Ilored under the care of a ciillom-houfe officer. Such as were not Ipoiled, were dried; and the reft were condemned. We then had a regular furvey on the velFcl, when it was difcovercd, that eight of her floor timbers on one lide, and fix on the other were fnappcd fliort oil". In confequence of which, and the other damages together, fhc was condemned as unht to proceed on her voyage. Saturday 30. On the thirtieth, wc purchaftd a new brig, built at Cork, but the infjde work was not quite finilhed; the burthen was one hundred and thirty tons, and name, Succefs. The Lady Tyrconnel being thrown upon the hands of her under-writers, it Avas necediiry that captain Venture fhould re- main to take care of her. We therefore appointed i\ir. John Lafoyle, late mate of the above veflcl, and formerly boat! wain of the Speaker, to be mafter of the Succefs ; but did not pro- vide any mate under him, as captain Scott undertook, in fact, to command the veffel. We begin to relhip the goods on die Thuriclay 5. fifth of May, and having completv;d every thing by the twelfth, Thuriday 12. ^y'c clcarcd out of the cullom-houle, and in the afternoon warp- ed down the river as low as Marlhwall End. Saturday 14. The tide fcrving in the morning of the fourteenth, we work- ed down to Cove, where the blundering pilot ran the brio- u- ground upon the fpit; flie floated off again with the flood, and received no damage. In .it THE THIRD VOYAGE. In working down the river, the people obferved a country- man going to Cork to fell milk, which he carried in a couple of churns flung, one on each fide of his horfe. We being then very- near the fliorc, fome of them began to banter him, which put him out of temper, and he retorted with fome warmth. At that in- llant the velTcl was put in flays; when the fhivering of the fails, and the noife which the crew made in bracing them about, fo af- frighted the horfe that he threw his rider and galloped off; fpill- ing the milk all the way he went. A loud laugh immediately broke out from the whole crew, accompanied by many taunt- ing fpeeches, which, together with the bruife he had- received, and the lofs of his milk, fo exafperated poor Paddy, that he in- ftantly flripped into buff, advanced to the edge of the water, and flourilhed his fills about in a menacing manner: thus he vented his anger, both by words and gellures, till we were too far off to hear his voice. «774- May. W- We embarked all our fervants the next day: and likewife Sunday » 5. provided a couple of pregnant fows, which we \vere afTured would not pig in Icfs than fix weeks; but one of them actually brought forth in the boat, as (he was going on board. As I had not paid for them, I obliged the feller to exchange her, iincc fhe did not prove according to contract. On the fixteenth we got under weigh with the latter part of Monday 16. the afternoon's tide, and worked out fide of the fpit, where we lay till day-light the next morning, when wc wt-nt to fea with a frefh breeze, and at fun-fet were abreall of Cape Clear. Tuefday 1 7. IVind N. E.fn{h. We had the pleafure to find our new vcfTcl fail well; and no- thing remarkable occurred till the thirty-firll. There being then a great head fwell, occafioned by preceding flrong gales at well; at one in the aftemooa we had the misfortune to carry away our Tucfday i3» «/"74' June. ThuifJ.iy 2. Saturd; '>• 4. THE THIRD VOYAGE. our main-mad, cifrht (cct abo^'c tliedcck; the fall of which car- ried away alfb the boom, larboard cat-head, bumpkin and rail in the waill; to,g;fthcr with both top-mads, and the main-top gallant mad. Had this misfortune happened on any of the lall feven days, we fluMiid have been didreded to the utmod ; as the ^vcather Avas lo tcmpeduous, and there was fbmuch ila all that time, that we lliould have been obliged to have cut the whole away, without having a fpar on board, except one top, and one top-gallant mad. Unfortunately, two good feamen were aloft at the time, both of whom were fiived, but very much bruifed ; parcicularly one of them. By ten at night we had got all the wreck on board, and found neither yards nor fails da- maged. We laid the ved'cl to under the fore-fail, and the reft went to deep, while Piikethley and I kept the watch all night. As there was but little wind (he rolled, gunwale to, inceffantly; and I often thought fhe would have turned bottom up ; for die is well built for that work, and is the mod uneafy \effel in a fea that I ever failed in. She is alfoof true Hibernian fabric, ha\'inga pine bottom, and oak upper ^vorks. By fix o'clock in the evening of the fecond of June, we had got up jury-mads, fuch as they were, and then made fail again. The next day ^ve had a longitudinal obfcrvation of the fun and moon, by which wc found ourfclvcs lobe 35° 34' Wed from Greenwich. By an obfcrvation of the fun and moon, we found our lon- gitude to be 36° 24' wed froin London. We faw a gannet; a biid whicli is fcldom fecn out of foundings: and many failors affirm that it never is, but they are midaken. This day we had another misfortune: we brought two fows big with pig from Ireland, under an affu ranee that they ^vould not pig ia lefs than fix weeks, but one of them brought forth to-day. Be- ing ''1. m ^'^i § ■i THE THIRD VOYAGE. I'ng the annivcrfary of the Kin-^'s birth-day, captain Scott and myfelf" drank an extra bottle to Jiis Majclly's health, and gave our people fomc rum, that they might do the fame. »77'!. Juno. This day we faw the firfl: pcni^uiii and fcveral bulls. Lon- ^^f'^'v »"• gitude per account corrected from the hill ohfcrvation /|(S° 42'. We have had hard gales with a great fea for this week pall, which made the vellcl labour prodigiouliy. We faw a large ifland of ice; a fure proof tliat we ^vcre at ^"'^'^'y '-• no very great dillance from the land. Latitude 51° 43^ North. Longitude 52° 35'. Well. By a meridian obfcrvation to-day we found the latitude to ^•""'')' »3' be 51° 3S' North, and by an obfervation of the I'un and moon .s. ly.'/re/j,. al^ tctur oclork this aftirnoon, our longitude was 5^° 3' Well, by wh. ell Ca,je Charles bears Nor: h Well by North, dillance fi'venty nuK s. 11" rhe.efoie, the obfervation is correct, and the wind lipids, we lliall have figlit of Belle llle at four o'clock to-nlorro^v• moniiig; and in o.vier to afccrtain the truth of the obfervation, v.-e iieend North Well by North. N. B. Boih the bcari:;g and courfe arc, by compafs, variation 2; poiiits. Well. ,- Having continued to fleer the fame courfe, and fail at the fmie r., fw 1 1. rate ever lincc yetlerday aft< rnooi), at f »iir o' clock this ni(jrn- ^ '^ ''' '*"' hig we faw ihe illand of Bcl!( llJc bearing Weil Xorth Weil, dillance liw Ka,L;ucs. At live \\q law the land o!' Drifiy Mountaiiis, Ca-eChaiir, and t^ape St Lcvv'is; and, continuing our courfe ^»■e ran -Iir dv n.toC^.arls llaibciir. where we anch 'red at oieo'e!—'. i;. iliea'^r ;)n, by which we found the o.>l( mil, ..I 'n\i , it' lour or flvv ni.lcs; an exdiuf, v ry luihcic.u ior e . ciy ^.ai^;ri^. At three 1 went up to ihc Lod;;c in J>y''- 8 THE THIRD VOYAGE. I U y. ■ . ; ■ i : t t ! I '774. June. Vednef. 15. s. n\ nodtraU, Thurfday 16. variable. liltle. TrlHay 17. S. IV. moderate. in a (kifF, and found all my people well, excepting one man who had loll his toes by the lioll in May lad; and had the mor- tilication to hear, that there was a general failure of feals laft Italbn. I landed all the fliore-men at the Narrows, to raft down timber for building. After brcakfaft I went down in a punt with two boys; and overtaking the Ikiff with a raft of timber, we took her in tow to Flat Point, then made the bed of our way on board. At four in the afternoon captain Scott and myfelf, wiili four 1 inds went oir in. a fmall Ikilf for Port Marnham, and arrived there at ten. We found the buildings almofl completed, and the people waiting for the racks to fet up the pound. V\ e looked into Fox Harbour, and fliot two ducks, and gathered a few eggs by the way. Clear, hot weather. In the morning I went up to the head of the tide; there were no fpi ing fifli yet, but plenty of Ihnks in the river. Af cr brcakfaft 1 walked upon the hills to reconnoitre the couatry, and to look for a deer. At noon the batteau arrived iiom the Colleroon with the racks. Weather, cloudy and moift. Early in the morning we attempted to go home in the bat- teau, but were obliged to return. I then fat fbmc time on the eaRern point to flioot ducks, and killed three. At nme o'clock we fet off in the punt and got on board the brig at two in the afternoon. I fpent the remainder of the day in looking after the people on fhore. with fome neceflaries. Cloudy weather. The long-boat went to Port Marnham Uf ^i !l At i 13 m s «774' June. Satuiilay to, moderate. frejk. THE THIRD VOYAGE. At four tliis morning captain Scott and I went in the yawl with two hands to the mouth of Indian Tickle to filh for cod; we killed half a quintal, and returned home at one in the after- noon. At three we went with four hands to the Lodge. Soon after our arrival there, two canoes of Nefcaupick Indians came. They made me a prefent of a beaver, and a marten (kin; for which I gave them in return, fome rum and gunpowder. The falmoniers fixed the pound to-day, and flopped half of the river. They alfo began a new houfe for themfelvcs. Clear, hot weather. We had twelve fpring-fifh in the pound this morning, and I Sunday 19. killed a Ihnk with my rod. In the evening we returned on ^•"'•^'2^- board. * ' "« ' Clear weather. The fliorcmen were employed this morning in warping the velTel into the cove; they afterwards turned thofe fcal-nets which were fprcad upon the ground, then flowed moll of them on a fcaffold. I fent a boat out a filhing, and they killed near a quintal. The long-boat returned from Port Marnham with the batteau: they reported, that Bettres killed a tierce of fifh yeflcrday with one net, and had flopped the river. The bat- teau went back with empty calks nnd other things. We planted fome potatoes on Otter Ifland. The Nefcaupick Indians came down, and I introduced them to the Efquimaux who remained here lad winter; no others being yet arrived, A fmallbrigof Hooper's arrived in Cape Harbour lall night, as did a flialloway of Coghlan's, at this place; and this morning, the furgeon of York Fort, who had been in her to Alexis River, came on board our veffel. From him we learned, that the Nautilus Sloop of War, captain William Parker, had arrived at Chateau. The fhalloway afterwards failed for Chateau, and I fent by her fome Vol. II. C Ictteis Monday 29 S. W. to THE THIRD VOYAGE. I -^ — > letters which I brought from England. In the evening the pco- June. pie returned from Charles River. Clear and hot all day here ; but there was a thick fog at the Cape. lii !1 TuefJay «t. Wind W. 6y .V. If, Having fent the Indians away, captain Scott accompanied me in the long-boat with five hands, for the CoUeroon; and arrived there in the evening. We found all things ready, plenty of fifli in the river, and a new fhalloway nearly fmilhed. We car- ried the crew four new nets. u m Wednef. 24. 5. tV hy W. iMk. ThtirfJay 23, £ by^- kari. Fr'dav 94. 5 h W hard mndjquatly. The people were employed in calking the fhalloway, and in fitting her rigging. I went in my kyack up the river to look, at the favvpits, and afterwards to Juniper Point. Evident marks of deer and geefe were to be feen there, and it appeared to be a good place for hay. We had lixty fiih to day. Weather clear and hot. The people were employed as yellerday. I ^vent to the Alexander in my kyack, where I examined the falmon-pound, and tailed a large trap for deer in the marih which is at ihc mouth of it. Rainy weather. At low water in the afternoon, a young hind crofltd the fhoals from Juniper point, for the north well point of the Alex- ander. I waylaycd her there, but, on winding me, Ihe turned back: 1 fired both my rifles at her, but was at too great a d;f- tance. At high water, the fhalloway was launched and na'ticd the Otter. Two hundred and fixty-five fifh were taken io- day: they come in much faller than ufual. The firll f^nr^ filh appeared here on the third of this mouth. Showery, dirty weather. We ii J II THE THIRD VOYAGE. It We fet up the Otter's mads and hung her rudder. Early in the morning captain Scott went up the river in fearch of a mad for the brig, but could not find one. I went in n'v kyack to Bettres Illand, where I killed a pair of old geefe witi^ my rifle, and caught their five young ones alive, which were but a few days old. At noon captain Scott came to me in the long boat, with two hands; having left the other three to rig and bring down the Otter, and we then went homewards. A mile above Twelve o'clock Harbour we met the batteau going up with caflcs, hoops, and other things. The wind fliifting with the flood obliged us to put into Glafs Cove, where we fliayed till feven in the evening and then went on, but were under the ne- ceflity of rowing, ourfelves, all night; both our men being fo intoxicaied with fome rum which they had contrived to Heal from us, that they were fcarcely able to fit upon the thwarts. A clear, fine day. At three o' clock this morning we arrived in Stage Cove, at which time I turned the people out and fet them to work. The carpenter had begun our new dwelling-houfc. I went to bed at five, and got up again at eight. After dinner the long-boat and fcaling-flciff^were loaden with fait; and I failed with them to Charles River, where we arrived at eleven at night. Some clay was put into the flcifF, and both boats were immediately fent back with a large raft of wood. Clear, hot weather. I went down to the falmon-houfe, which is now below Indian Cove, and found the fifli were very badly fplit, and not proper- ly falted. I made them repack it, and inRruded them how to fplit it properly. I had the nets alfo taken up, and put out afrefh in angles; the head-man, I find, knows nothing of his bufinefs, for he had fet them flraight acrofs the river. Rainy weather. C2 lem- «774- June. Saturday 25. mnd N.W. /r.Jk. E.frtjh: little. SutKlay 26. W, modtrate. Monday 27, W. variablt, fqually. 12 . ^^-n Jimc. Tuefday ?9. wind S 11'. moderatt. Wfdncf. ?9, W. hv V. fqually. ThiirWay 30. W. hy .V. modciule. Irid y t. 5. Saturday 2, So^tlay 3. >r /V. if. Monday 4« THE THIRD VOYAGE. I employed tnyfelfull the morning in fixing the nets. The fifh came in fo abundantly, that the coopers could not fet up cafks fall enough. I went down at noon in a punt to Stage Cove, and fent her back with packs, and the long-boat with fait. Fine weather. t - I went in a punt with the Indians round Little Caribou, and Duck Ifland, and killed five ducks; but getting wet, I was much indifpofcd afterwards; having, for fhis month pall, been very bad of the rheumatifin. The long-boat was fent up Charles Ri- ver with more fait atid another cooper. The Ihore-men were employed on the dvvelling-houle and a ftore-houle. Rainy weather. , The long-boat and fkilTwerc fent up Charles River with emp- ty cafks, and the latter returned loaden with clay. The Ihorc- mcn were employed as ye"erday. A clear day. ' ; . • . A wharf was begun. The baitfkifFcame from Port Marnham for calks, and was lent back with as many as Ihe could itow. The people ^vere employed on the wharf and houlcs. At night the Otter came down from tiie Colleroon, with the batteau in tow, both loaden with boards and tmiber, and they brought half a black-bear, which Wiis caught in the trap that I tailed for a deer. After unloading the Otter and batteau, we left off work. Clear day. Some of the people were employed on the buildings, and al- tering the Otter's fa' Is; the reft finilhcd the wharf, . Clear day. The / ■S!lf »»1 '■•■* il THE THIRD VOYAGE. 13 The rum was drawn oH iiiui rin;ill cafks, and flowed in the r- ncw houlc. 1' w t oi the i(x>f being now linilhcd, wc began 10 cover fomc of it with pitched paper. Weather the fame as /cllerday. In the morning I failed in the Otter for the Collcroon, with \Vr.i,rf. 6. more mts, empty cafks, and other articles. At one o'clock we 5- ^-^v./rrji,. anchoiid on the north lidc of flcttres Ilhnd, where I met ihe head man, and landed the goods. Tiie filliing has failed for the two laft days. Clear, pleafant weather. Early in the morning tlie f^tlmoniers came down with two TJnrfjjy;. p»int loads of fine fand. At ten o'clock we got under weigh, '^" ''^ and fbon after ran upon a fhoal, which lies halfway between the two iflaiids. On making a ligiial to the falinoniers, a punt came to out alfiflancc, and carried out an anchor. I then feiit her to Point Pleafant lor water: at the f.unc time I l.uided on the fouth fhorc, where I met a young hind coming up wind, and hredat her at the diRancc of a hundred and feventy yards, but without doing any execution. I returned on board at two in the afiernoon, when we floated off the fhoal, and made fail. I named this, Hayes Shoal; from John Hayes, the boati'mallcr. At five o'clock wc came to an anchor at Port Marnhairi, and found but few fifh going. I went up tlie Trent in my kyack, and obfervcd great errors in their method of filhin^. At night wc had fifty fifli. A clear hot day. Going with all hands up the river, I had the pound fakcn FriJ.v s. up, and carried into the brook, above tlie fait water pond, «-i V'^'A where it was put down again. Wc killed icw filh in a pool above, and obfcrved that many Iiad piuTed the licls. Eigliiy- liVC • I 14 »774. Saturday g. Wind S. /f. Aard gaits. THE THIRD VOYAGE. five fifli were taken to-day : they begin to come in again. Foggy morning, and rained hard the rcil of the day. We had a hundred and feventy fifh in the nets, and twenty- feven in die pound. In the afternoon, I took a ihort walk to the eaflward. In the evening, captain Scott arrived in Mr. Hooper's Ihallovvay : he had been out to Tea, in queft of the Earl of Dartmouth, which was feen off tficmouili of the found yef- terday. Early in the morning I failed in the Otter, in company with Hooper's flialloway, for Charles Harbour. I arrived there at halfpafl nine o'clock; whfui I landed the faiid, victualled the Otter, and fent her to Indian T ickle, to look out for the fhip. The people here were employed on the buildings. Monday 11. Six hands Went up White-bear Sound to ci.t wood, but re- N. N. fv. turned at night without finding any fit for our purpofe. The men brought out the flaves and fluds from the fealer's winter houfe to the water fide. Sunday 1 0. N. ir. Tiiefday 12. 5. E. frtjk. Hooper's flialloway having fprung her fore-mafl, when fhe was out with captain Scott, I fent the boat-builder to make her a new one. Six hands went up Charles River, to cut wood; and the reft of the people were at work on the houfes. We finiflied papering the fouth weft end of the dwelling-houfe. One man began a new garden, near the houfe. At night a punt arrived from the lodge with the tools, and brought a report that few filh were going; {o that I am afraid the falmon feafon is nearly over. A clear day. Wednef. 13. Moft of thc peopIc werc employed in making doors, and in ^'mk^' ^^y*"S ^^ fl^^"^ ^^ ^h^ fhoremen's houfe. At nine this morning the 1 .^M ..m. THE THIRD VOYAGE. the flio i^pci-j ! ii the offing, and we faw th-' O'ter ftindlnqf out to her. L'a;>t;iin Scott went to meet her i« the yawl/ a:ii Lato>le in the lorg-boat. He returned in the alternooii a:Kl informed inc ihat he lUw the fhip to leeward of the haibour, and ih^i Otter in com lany with her. We fuppofe fhe has bore away for Chateau, as it uKnvs very iiard. 1 fent the punt back with heading and Haves. Be;trcs came from Port Manihaia for Haves. I killed a fea-pigton with my rillc. Rainy, foggy weather. Captain Scott returned early in the morning, having lofl fight of the (hip in the fog )ellerday. At eleven o'clock the fhal- loway appeared, followed by the fhip; and at one the latter came to an anchor in her birth, and mo oreJ there. She had been fevcnteen days frjrn Q lebcc. The baitlkiff went up White -bear Sound, to bring fliv boirJs and Haves from thence. One of the men returned by land, and iiubrmed me of a deer being at the head of the f«)und. 1 went there immediately, but it was gone; I k-lled a pigeon with my rille. In the afternoon we landeJ pa-t of the Earl of DartmKiih's cargo; and in the evening I fent the Ott( r to Port Marnham with liives, hoops, and oih:v tilings. All the laoremen were employed on the dwelling-hour.*, and the bricklayer began the kitchen chimney. A clear d ly. 7'he fhoremen were at work on the houfe, and tlic feamcn were latiding ::>a'jks ai id hoo ;)s. Our whole ilock of fheep, con- iillmgonly of thrv-e, which the fhip brought from Ouehec, ran awav ; an.i notw tfiila;iduig dihgoat iijarch was made lor them, thev coul'J m)t be louud. Fog and raiii. ^5 July. Tliiirrlay l 4. H'lnd K IV. S. W. S. mcderau. Tnihy »S> S. Itlttt. The flioremca wore cmil y/zl on bol.i Iioufes, and we land- S3n,r,iiv t6. ed '^ i 16 »774- July, Sunday 1 7. WindS.tylV. Monday t8. s. ir. Tiicfday ig. n: s. IV. JreJ},. Wednef. 20. A' W. modcratt. F. S. E. moderate. THE THIRD VOYAGE. ed part of the fhip's cargo. Rained all day. I fcnt fevcral hands after the fheep; they found them, not far from Punt Pond, and brought them back. The Otter returned from Port Marnham, and brought three quintals of fifli, which her crew caught near Hay Point. The fore part of this day it rained; the latter part was dull, but fair. The people were employed on the dwelling-houfe, and in landing part of the Earl of Dartmouth's cargo. The Otter's cuddies were calked. At noon Mr. John Scott and I went up to the lodge, and found that they had caugiit about ninety tier- ces of falmon, and the fifli were coming m again: they killed above three tierces to-day. We carried up with us fome tierce- packs and hoops. At night, Mr. Scott returned with the boat. A fair day. At eleven o'clock, I returned by myfclf in the old punt, and found at Siage Cove his Majefly's fchooner, Sandwich; tender to the Nautilus Hoop, and commanded by Lieutenant Brown of that fliip. Jofcph Friend (the head-man^ and another hand came down from the Colleroon for hoops and tierces; and in- formed us, that he had killed but very few fiih fmce I was there. Clear, fine weather. Some of the people were employed on the houfe, and others in landing goods. Captain Scott with ten hands, failed in the Otter for Alexis River, in fearch of a maft for the brig, and alio to get fome rinds. I fent three men out a fiihing, and they returned with five quintals. After brcakfall Lieutenant Brown and »YW^. THE THIRD VOYAGE. and I took a walk over the hills on the fouth fide of the found in quefl of deer, but faw none. In the evening the Sandwich failed for the weftward. At night the batteau went to the Lodge with fait and other things. Jofeph Friend and his peo- ple returned home. Clear weather. The people were employed on the buildings. After break- fafl Mr. J. Scott and I went to Great Caribou and fixed on a fpot for building a cod-ftage next fpring ; we faw great plenty of caplin among the rocks in Ragged Harbour. The Indians brought home the traps which I lent them, and they had a duck in one of them. We walhed out fome filh. A fine day. At day-light the batteau returned, and went to Port Mam- ham with fait. The people were employed on the buildings, and in fpreading fifh. At night the batteau returned, and brought a piece of a white-bear, which Friend, together with Noble and Pinfon's people, had killed in Mary Harbour. The men reported that Bettres killed about three tierces a day. Foggy and dull. The people were employed as yeftcrday. We had the twine and lines put upon a fcafibld, landed fome goods out of both vefiTels, and fent two hands out a fifliing, who killed one quintal. Hazy and hot. After breakfafl I took two hands in a punt, with a flat in tow, and went to Atkinfon Brook. We got the flat into the pond, and went to the head of it ; we tailed a large trap for a deer on the neck between the pond and Cutter Harbour, caught a young goofe alive, and faw three broods. The two coopers came down Vol. II. D from «7 »774. Thurfday 81^ Wind S. S. £.' liuU. f"Jh. Friday 2b, S. W./rtJk. Saturday £31 S. tilde. Sundav 2^, S.W. ■•m» iS »774. THE THIRD VOYAGE. from the Lodge for hoops, and returned at night with feven bundles. A black-bear having been about their houfe for fome nights part, they took a large trap to endeavour to catch him. Dull weather all day, and the middle part of it was rainy. Monday 25. Wind S. E, itltle. The long-boat went to the Lodge with cafks and hoops, and returned at night with part of the bear which the falmoniers had Ihot lafl night. In the afternoon three hands went a filhing in the batteau, and killed two quintals. Foggy all day, and rained in the evening. Tuefday 26. S. little. Wedner. 27. £. little. Early in the morning I went to the Lodge in a long-boat, to cut fome beams for the ftore-houfe, and fent the boat back again with nine; but-remained there myfelf. FiQi fail again. Rainy weather. I was very bad to-day of the fciatica. A foggy and clofe day. Thurfday 28. All thc ttcts wcrc taken up, and we killed twenty fifh to-day. s./rejk. J ^^^g ^jj great pain all lad night and this day. In the afternoon I walked up to Profpecl Hill, where I faw the frefh flotof deer. Cloudy weather. Friday 29. E.S. E./reJIi. Siiurday 30. S.S IV, Kcderate. We had fixteen fi.Ti in the pound. Rainy, foggy \vcather. We had fixty fifli in the pound this morning. After break- fafl; I went down in a flat with two of the falmoniers, to the mouth of Punt Pond. After fhewing one of them a deer- path by the pond fide, and ordering him to tail the large trap in it, I walked to Stage Cove, where I found captain Scott re- turned with a fore-maft, which he had cut in Alexis River, and fome iijii en me 1. nd ad in to in «9 >774. Sunday 31 1 mnd S. E. THE THIRD VOYAGE. fome fpars from St. Lewis's Bay. We had converted the old fore-maft into a main-mafl;. The batteau was out a fifliing to- day, and killed about fevcn quintals; at night I fent her to Port Marnham with tierces. Clear, pleafant \veather. A fkifF and fix hands went to the Cape to try for baits, but they could not meet with any. Two others looked at the trap which was tailed on Sunday lafl:, and tailed another by Cutter Harbour. They got nothing, but faw much frefh Hot; feveral deer having lately gone clofe paft the trap, but did not touch it. The batteau returned from Port Marnham in the evening, and reported that fifh were failing. Captain Scott went to the Lodge in one long-boat, and I fent the other up "W^hite-bear Sound for the duds of the fealers win- ter-houfe, and ordered the batteau a fifhing; fhe killed three quintals. Hooper's fliallop came to borrow ten hogOieads of fait. Clear here ; foggy on the coaft. The batteau went to fea, but had not much fuccefs. The Tuefday a, people were employed on both houfes, and in making laying- ^'jujk^' rooms. Mr. Williams being difcharged from our fcrvice, early in Wednef. 3. the morning I fent a long-boat to the Lodge for him and his ^' wife; fhe returned with them in good time. The people were employed on the houfes, and m. fpreading filh. A fine day. After breakfafl; the Otter failed for Chateau with Mr. and Mrs. Thurfday ^, WiUiams. I went with William, and Jack (the Indian boy) to ^' D 3 vifit Aiigtift, Monday i, S. fTtJh, hard% '•>,%■ 00 ^'11 i I: «774. Augufl. Friday 5. S. Utile. Saturday 6, S.E. S.W, Sunday 7, S. 5. W, Monday 8, S. W. Unit. Jujk THE THIRD VOYAGE. vilit the deertrap : we faw an old (lag by Atkinfon Pond, and I miffed fire at him. We tailed two traps for otters in the pond, and faw a deal of frcHi flot on the Neck, between it and Cutter Harbour. I killed a fpruce-game with my rifle, and faw the firfl; curlews. We lay in Mary Harbour. Early in the morning we returned home, and on our way I killed two brace of grey plover. A fine day. I went in a yawl with four hands to Port Marnham, and re- turned at night. Part of the fahnon were packed, and a few fifli were going yet. We killed two terns, and picked Uji eight young gulls. The Otter returned from Chateau. A boat camo down from the Lodge for hoops. The falmoniers returned home. Early in the morning cap- tain Dykes and three hands went to look at the traps, and brought a fpruce-game. A boat of Hooper's brought one of his men to our furgeon; the man had been wounded in his right hand by the burlling of a gun. The Otter went out a fifliing, and killed five quintals. A fine morning, but it grew dark and blew frelh afterwards. Tuefdayg. The fhip's crcw brought the materials of the houfe in the ^' ^' Sound, to the back of the iflhmus. A fine day. Wednef. le. a. w. I went to the Lodge in the morning, and returned in the evening with the firft gathering of green peafe there. Two hands came from Port Marnham for hoops. The Otter killed three quintals of fifli. A hot morning, with a heavy thunder flprnj in the evening. I failed iiiii ■' 21 , "^ 1 »774- AiiguR. TliiirlH ly 1 1« s. s. nr. J 'A Fr.ci y i?-. falm. W. hard. THE THIRD VOYAGE. I failed this morning in the Otter, with captain Dykes and five hands, for AL-xis River, to bring home the rinds and rind- ers. In the evening, we anchored near Langman's Illand. We towed and worked as high as Ncvile Ifland, wliere we came to during the ebb. I then landed in the cove, and walked acrofs the Neck to Gilbert's River, and killed a brace of fprncc- game. We weighed at low water, but not being able to work higher up, foon came to an anchor again. I then landed and walked upon Nevile Ifland, but faw no figns of any thing. We worked, towed, and warped into Grove Ifland Tickle, Saturday 13 and there came to during the ebb. Taking the yawl, I examin- '''" ■^'^^' ed an inlet oppofite the well end of Nevile Ifland, a nd found two fmall brooks which emptied themfelves into it. On my return I found a punt of Coghlan's on board. There were alfo two canoes of Nefcaupick Indians; the fame people who were at the Lodge this fummer. They prefcnttd me with a fliouLler of venilbn and a beaver; and I gave them fome pow- der, balls, and rum in return. With the a fli (lance of the punt, we towed about half way from thence to Gilben's Narrows ; where we came to for the night. A fme day. bretzets and ca/ms a!ttrnately» We weighed at day-light and got as high as the middle of the reach above the Narrows, where our people coming on board, we moved higher in the evening. By the way I went olf in the yawl, and examined the brook which comes in on the fouth lide below the Narrows; it is a pretty llreain, and mull receive fome few falmoii. In the morning we worked up to the tall of the fands, and there moored; alfo I fent both boats up the. river, and they return- Sunday 14, variahU, Monday 15, W. fnjh. m 23 >771- Augull. rilE THIRD VOYAGE. returned in the afternoon with feme rinds and (locks. At niglit the biiit fkilluent baek again. A line day. Tuefiu i6. Early in tlie morning I went on fliorc to watch for deer, but /r.y-o^. faw none. At noon the fkilt" returned with tlie remainder of the rinds and Hocks : as foon as we had flowed them we weigh- ed and worked down near the Narrows. 5./,r/. Wninef. t;. Weighing at day-hght, we made the bed of our way down the river. I occafionally went oHin the yawl to reconnoitre the tai-tt. fhores, but made no difcoveries of note. I killed a pair of black- 5. ir. ducks in a falt-water pond, which lies at the head of an inlet a- g ^ jj, breafl of Langman Illand. We got out of the river in the even- /rc/fi- ing, when the wind fliortening and blowing frefh, we found the fhalloway had too much top weight to carry fail; we bore away for Granby Ifland, and came to an anchor in Harbour Haines, where I fhot a doater through as he was lying on a rock. He lay for dead fome time, but afterwards tumbled off and llruck into deep water. The bait-fkiff parted company, and made a harbour in Denbigh Ifland, We weighed at day -light and put to fea. We brought to for an hour near Double Illands, where the people caught a few fifh, whilll I landed and picked up twenty young gulls, and fhot a tinker. We afterwards caught a few more fifh, during a calm, in St. Lewis's Bay ; at the fame time I landed on the Gull llland there, and got feven young gulls and a pigeon. We arrived in Stage Cove, and unloaded the boat immedij^tely. Friday 19. The battcau went to the Lodge for falmon. In the evening tv.s.w.frejh. I failed for the Colleroon, in the Otter, with a hundred and fifty gullies of fait ; and anchored at night at the north weft end of Hutton Ifland. Weigh- ThurfJay 18. K. It', tilth. ! in 23 '774' AujjulJ. Saiurdjv 20. M'ind W. A. i\r. THE THIRD VOYAGE. Weighing at day-light we worked up the bay, and anchored to (lop tide oppofite to Atkinfon Ifland. 1 then landed on the fouth (hore, and walked to Point Pleafant, where I killed a brace of fpruce-game with my rifle. The boat worked up, took me on board there, and foon after wc ran upon a rock near Bet- tres Illand. The fliock Itarted a timber, and flaved a plank in the dillroom: we floated off with the tide, and anchored on the north fide of the ifland. A clear day. We weighed at day-light, and worked to Black Point, where Sunday 21. we anchored to flop tide, and two of the falmonicrs came on J^li.Z;,, board. We weighed again with the flood, and worked over the flats to the falmon-poll, where we laid the boat on Ihorc. ;r. Having unloaded the flialloway, we took fome falmon on Monf'-'y 22. board. I went to the Alexander to look at the trap, and fliot a ^* '^" racoon with my rifle. Four hands went up the river to cut flviflf-timbcr and fbme Xneaiay 23. flocks ; and I got mo'l of the falmon on board, with the afliflance i-'irMu. of the reft of the crew. ''"'''• We got on board the reft of the falmon, except one long-boat WcdMer.24. load; alfo all the craft, together ^vith fome fkiff-timbcr and variaiir. flocks, and then the boat fell down the river. She grounded on the flats, and lay there till the evening's tide, when flic got off and fell down to Black Point. At day-light I went down with all hands and failed home- Thi.rrdiy n,j, wards; at night we anchored in Twelve-o'clock Harbour. ^•'''• iutk. We failed at day-light. At Duck Iflands I left the Otter to proceed home, and went in a punt with four hands to Mary Harbour; Friday ab. 24 >774. Augiill. Saturday 27. 1 Tuefday 30. Sepiember. Saturday 3. THE THIRD VOYAGE. Harbour; from whence I fent two of the people by land, to vifit the traps in Cutter Harbour, and took them in again there. From thence ^ve went to Guy's Cove, where I landed and walk< ed over Lyon Head to Skiff's Harbour, where the punt took me in. Finding the Otter on fhore at Split Point, I went on board and was informed that the misfortune had happened through the ftupidily of captain Dykes; who would run clofe to the Point, nolwithUanding I told him as we were going, that it was very flioal for fome dillance off fhore. Leaving her lying in a very ugly manner, I went home to Stage Cove. I killed in the courfe of this day, twenty-three curlews and a black-duck. The Otter got off and arrived in the night. This proved a very fine day. I (hipped the falmon, amounting to fixty-eight tierces, on board the brig, which had already received during my abfence, ninety-feven from the Lodge; the produce of that fifhery. The Otter failed for Port Marnham in the evening. Our new houfe being now habitable, we took polfeflion of it to-day. It is feventy feet by twenty-five, and contains a kitchen twenty-four feet fquare, a dining-room twenty-four by fixtten, fix bed-rooms and a fmall pafTage, being only a ground floor ; which I preferred, for fear of fire. The Otter returned with the crew, fome craft, and one hun^. dred tierces of falmon: the latter was fhipped on board the brig. The Otter failed under the command of captain Dykes, with a cooper's crew, confifling of two coopers, and two young men, for Alexis River, where they are to make hoops during the winter. From thence (he is to proceed to Sandwich Bay with Jl % THE THIRD VOYAGE. with Jofeph Friend, a youngfler, and an apprentice, where r— *-^- they are to remain during the winter, to kill furs; and in the September. fpring, to prepare lor a lalnion-fifhery. ■^ Sunday 4, IVinet In the morning the Succcfs got under weigh; in doing which fhe tailed on fhore on the eaflern point of the cove, but got off in a ihort time, and f.uKd for Chateau, to increafe her freight with codfilh from Noble and Pinion. Captain Scott and I failed in the veflel; we arrived in Temple Bay at four o' clock in the evening, when I went on board the Nautilus Sloop of War, and continued with captain Parker during my ilay at Chateau. Cap- tain Scott remained on board our \'efrcl, and went to market in her. Nothing material occurred till this day, when I failed at one ^Vcdnef. 14. o'clock in the afternoon for Charles Harbour in the Sandwich ^' '^" '*"''''' tender, which captain Parker politely font with me: we arrived at half after four, and had plenty of wind, with dull weather. In the morning, Mr. Parker (the captain's brother) ^vcnt with ThnrOiay 15, me to vifit the traps: we found both the fmall ones flruck up, "' ^' "^' and the others fo clogged with dirt, that they could not llrike up, although deer had been o\'cr three of them. I killed a groufe and a curlew with my rille; and we got back at eight o'clock at night, not a httle hungry. At day-light the Sandwich failed for Newfoundland. It rained all day. FricJny 1 6, s. m I went round the Caribous to look for a couple of flray geefe, Saiuiday 17. and found them in Raft Tickle. 1 brought iht m honK>, and killed a black-duck, an eider-duck, two widgeons, and a grt y plover. An exceeding fine day, but rather too warm. Vol. II. E Z^xXj N. W. S. littl: iO 'I'lli: 'I'lIlRD \'OYAGE. Ii: nil lil < — ^ — » Early in ilic mornln,!^ I font iiw Imiitls to look at the traps, Sij.u iiiiur. but there was nolhini; in them. A Nelcaupick finnily, a Ikill s.iii.i.iy tR. of Hooper's, and one ol Co£;hlan's came her<\ Momiay \<). Mofl of the people were chinik to da v. I purchaled Jome ^' furs from the Indians. i t\% ':|l I ii ' \f> Tucfilay 20, 5. E. All our vifitors went awa)- It rained all day. Awanrf. 21. The lonj^-boat went to Hooper's room to borrow fomc dried '^■''* fifli, and (he brought one thouf'and Jive huntlrcd and forty, which we are to return next fummcr. Thiirf(ia)'2a. I weut upoH thc hills a lliootin.Q^, but fuw nothing. I tailed s. 5. ir. ^ fj-j^p j'^j. .^j^ Qjj(.,. -^y jviidtjie I'ond; and \\'illiam taded another at the head of Crofs Pond. I'r'.clay 23, H', modcatr, A'.E. Satiirdny 24. IV. A. II'. Sunday 25. S. IV. Monday 26, IV. I took a walk o\'cr die hills ;ind killed four brace of groufc. A fine day, but there were hard fcjualls from dark till midnight. William looked at the traps, and brought a groufe. At four tliis afternoon the Otter returned, liaving landed the people ac- cording to orders, and taken polT'cJlion of the rivers in Sand- wich Bay. It fnowed, with frofl, before day -light; hut the weather proved fine afterwards. We began to melt thc feals' fat. A fine day. Some hands were employed in landing the fait out of the fhip, while the red of the people were engaged about the oil and the buildings. Delightful weather. We ■'51 ;l THE THIRD VOYAGE. We finiflicd landing the fait, and fonio hands were employed •^ alxHit tlic oil. \Vc launched a new lcalin;;-fkiir which was s<-|..c„,i'.cr. bui I here. Tweegock (my Indian Have {^irl; ran away. 7i'o,uh^.' I'lnc weather. I Cent two men to Niger Sound after the girl, and her mother w'fJncr.aB. and aunt went to the Lodgx- on the iimie errand. In the after- noon (he returned ol herlelf; ha\ ing gone oIT in a pet, and concealed herfelf among the bufhes on the hill. The people were em[)l()ycd as before. Fine weather. The people at work on the iealei's lioufc, and on one for ThMr%i:9, Ik-ttres. s'^'- I'oggy, Avith rain all day. It rained hard all day, wliich flopped all out-doors ^s'ork. /"/* riiJjy 30. A'. If. hard. In the morning I font two hands to look at the traps by At- sSfrday'i* kinlbn Pond; one of the Imall ones was cariied away by a ^'- "iod^rate, bear: they killed a pair of ladies and an auntfary. Atone o'clock this afternoon, I married William Bettres to Catharine Gourd (one of the niaiil-fervants whom we brought from Ply- mouth; the other returned witli captain Scott.) The remain- der of the day Avas fpcnt by all the fervants in great feflivity. Dark ^veather. I was fettling the people's accounts and writing letters. Sunday I employed myfclf as yeflerday, and prepared for the de- Mondays. parturc of the (hip. f.. At eleven o'clock the Earl of Dartmouth failed for St. John's Tucfdav 4. and England, and took our difeharged fer\ants. At the fame ^.w./rtji-:, time the hounds gave chace to the Quebec flieep, and drove E -i. iwo 2S '77'!. October. THE THIRD VOYAGE, two of ihcm into the water, one of which was drowned; other wc got again, but it died immediately. die Wfiinfr. 5. I went in a flviir to Wolf Cove, afierwards walked to Guv's 11 1:1/ . ' tJ.N.w./rr/h. Cove, and returned m the evening, \vith a pair of black-ducks. Thur%6. A planter's fliallop came here from Cha'cau; we engaged ^' the mailer and three of his men to ferve us the winter, for their provifions, bulkins, and cull's. In the evening 1 li.nt hiin to Chateau with a letter to Mr. I'uifon. "*<% t.iV Friday 7. ,A'. J'reJIi, Sjiiirilav 8, W. .?. IV. frejh. fqua'.ly. Sund: y 9« Monday 10, K -v /r. Jrong. I fcrved out provifions for the winter, to the fealing, and boat-builder's ciew. Some fliowers of rain in fqualls. At nine this morr.ing I failed in the Otter for St. Lewis's Bay, to carry the boat-builder and his crew to their wintt.'r quarters. I called on fome hands, whom we had lent u]) a lew days ago, to cut firewood, and found that they had got a large pile ready. At night we anchored a little below Ad;niIoa Ifland. I killed an eider-duck. Being obliged to wait for the flood, I went in the punt tOr Gaze Point, where 1 found one of our large traps tailed; a deer had been over it, but it would not ftrike up, through the carelclliic Is of tiic man who tuilctl it. We weiglied at low water, and at two in the adernoon arrived at the houfe in wiiich John Balkem formerly lived, and I fixed the crew there: we landed the provifions and other things lufore night. I killed a feal with Ihot, but he funk jull as one of the people laid his hand upon Inm. All hanils \vere employed in loading the flialloway with Ttocks and firewood, I killed a grouR: with my ride. It froze hard in the night. In m 29 Octolx r. 1 iii-lduy 1 I. IVnid V H\ moiltrale. THE THIRD VOYAGE. In the morning T went in the punt to the falmon.pod for kil- licks, and to Juniper Point for fome hay, which was cut there; but found u rotten. The reft of the people were load- ing the boat as yefterday. I killed a fpruce-game with my rille, and two water-fowls with my fliot gun. A warm, pleafant day. Having filled up the boat with whitings, pryor-polos and ^^'^'''"'^- ^'• killick-rods, at high water we failed home, where we arrived a quarter pall ten at night, having had very dirty weather. ,v. ^'. .V. /■:. Jlivng. In the morning the planter's fiiallop arrived with a load of ximrf.iay 1,3. firewood out of St. Lewis's Bay, for which place flie I'ailed laft ^- f'^"'- Tuefday: we unloaded both boats, and in the evening the fhallop failed for Chateau, and the Ihalloway went for more wood, but not being able to work out of the harbour, fhe came to an anclior again. At day-light the Otter failed for the wooders, and returned with a load at ten at night. The carpenter, two coopers, and two fealcrs were at work on houfcs for the livc-ftock. Fricl.iy i,{, J. frfft. We unloaded the Otter, and at night fhe weighed, in order Samniny 15. to return for more wood, but got aground ; we warped her off, ^- ^'''^'• and then I ordered her to wait for day-light. yvf^. ' In the morning the Otter got under weigh ncrain, but not s.m.i.v ,6. being fuflicientlv ballalled, v/as obliged to come to again at tiie ^'^ -'-'•/"./'»" head t)f t!ie harbour. Mr. Scott and tiie furgeon v;eut up to the lodge in a Ikilf, and returned at niglit. The Otter failed this morning for St. Lewis's Bay. Tlie rcil Monri.v 17, of the people v.erc employed about the live-llock houfcs, and ^- "'- A'. £■, on ''W-m.iv no , — -^ — 1 Orldlicr. Il'iiid S. E. E. mcdtrate. Tucfday iJ 5. ir. modtruU. 11 IE THIRD VOYAGE. on a poicli before our door. In tlie afternoon a llviff came do^vn with one of tlie ^voodcrs, who had cut his foot with a hatchet, and flic returned at night. I fent one of the youngllcrs to Crols Pond for the otlertrap, but he did not return. The fhal- lop returned from Chateau at eight at night. The fliallop went up St. Lewis's Bay for wood. The people here were employed as ycllcrday. The man wlioni I fent yef- terday for the trap, found liis \vay back at noon ; he hud loH himlelf, although the di (lance is not more than two miles, and no wood fo high as his head all the way. I gave him a levcre beating, to caufe him to take more care in future than run the rilk of lofmg his life tlitough (lupidity and carelellnc fs. At the fame time I inflrufted him in unerring rules how to find his way home, fliould he ever be bewildered hereafter. The Otter returned at midnight. A fine day. Wciiicf. 19. Having unloaded the Otter in the morning, I font her back ^' j^.' m the afternoon. At noon the Ihallop returned, and we un- loaded her alio. The coopers were employed in buildmg a Ihop for themfelves. Thurfday 20. A'. A. IV. Friday 21. 5. //'. The fealers were employed about their own bufinefs, and the coopers as yeflerday. In the morning I took William with me and walked round Curlew Hill ; where I killed three groufe, and he, one. In the afternoon a boat of Hooper's came here, and brought us letters and a flie goat from Twillingate. In the afternoon avc fent a fkifl" to Seal Ifland, with letters to be forwarded to Chateau, and from thence to England. The fealers put out a flioal-net at the head of White-Bear Sound. In :i ! THE THIRD VOYAGE. 31 In the morning the otter returned with a load of wood, and I fent her back as foon as it was dchvered. After dii Scott, Pilkethly, and I rowed round White-Bear Sound. I tail- ^'\T"J,'!:^' ed a trap for an otter and hauled the net, which had a fmall white lilh m it. 1774. inner Mr. o.iober. IVind (V. A fkirr came up from Seal I/land, and returned in the cven- mg. A Itormy day with fome fnow. The fealers hauled the net in the found, and put out another in Raft Tickle. Mr. Scott and the furgcon went a fhooting, and killed a groufe. We houLd all the poultry and fwine. At eight this morning the Otter returned with a load of wood and ail the woodcrs. Dull weather, with fome rain and fnow. We unloaded the Otter. I was very bad of the rheumatifm all lafl night and this day; I am much affliclcd with it, but moft in my hip. We faw a Ihaliop pafs by, going to the northward. Some provifions were put on board the fhallop for tlie Lodo-e, as I intend to fend part of the fbaling crc\v there, after the fca- fon is over. It rained mofl of the day. TVe put the red of the provifions into the fiiallop, and fcnt her to the lodge. It fnowcd in the night. Sunday ^t, A\ 6". IV. Monday 24. A'. A'. W. Tuefday 25, JV N IV. Ittlle s. ir. by s. frejk. Wcdnef. 26, S. W. A'. lutU. Thurfday 27, 5. W. IV. Friday 28. IV. Saturday 29. IV. S. i. /ianl. Suiiday 30, AfkifF i m 32 »774- 0£tober. Monday 3 1 . mnd N. IV: November. Tiiefday t, N. IV. £. S: Wcdncf. 2, THE THIRD VOYAGE. A fkifF came from Seal Ifland, with a wounded man to our furgeon. Mr. Scott and I took a walk upon the hills with our guns, and killed a gnjufe each. The fealers took up the net which was in the found. The coopers brought the fpare flaves from the winter houre. At night the Ihallop returned. Sharp frofl. The fealers removed the net which was in Raft Tickle, trimmed a fkiff, and did other neceflary work. We thwarted up the batteau for the winter, and laid the fhallop on fliore. A fine frofly day. The fealer's trimmed a large punt, and laid up all the flats and fmall boats for the winter; they alfo cut fome killick-claws at the head of the found. Froze all day. Four hands brought the traps from Atkinfon Pond, hauled up the flat which is there, cut fome killick-claws, and pulled rods. The carpenter and four hands carried the fealing-cap- flans to the head of the found. Frolly weather. Saturday 5. xhc Carpenter and two hands were fixing the capftans at the head of the found to-day. In the afternoon the boat-builder brought down a new foaling-lkiff". At night fome of the people went to Seal Ifland and carried Noble and Pinfon's man home. An exceeding fine day. Thurfday g. Friday 4. Suiidav 6. iV. N. IV. Early in the morning a flcifl'of Coghlan's called here, from Spear Harbour. In the afternoon the Otter failed for St. Lew- is's THE THIRD VOYAGE. is's Bay for more firewood, and eight hands went to Seal Ifland to help the crew there, to thwart their Ihallop up. The carpen- ter and two hands fixing the capflans. 33 »774. N'ovember, The workmen ftill engrigcd in the fame bufinefs. In the af- M'^nday 7, ternoon the boat-builder and hi* people fet out homewards. ''•'*'^^'' We faw the Otter out at fea; but what bufmefs flie had there we could not imagine. The carpenter having fixed the capflans at the head of the Tueida> s, found, to day, was afterwards cutting planks into vat-lengths. *^' ^'' '^' The fealers were employed 'till the evening about their crafty and then thwarted up the planter's fhallop. This morning, the Otter came in from fea, and ran up St. Wdner.9. Lewis's Bay. We fuppofe, fhe had been driven out by the ** ^' ^\'inds, and the bad management of the boatfmafter. £. I went with the fealers, and put out two nets under Lyon Thu-ttiy 10, Head. They afterwards put out four more under the fouth '*'• .Ihore of White-Bear Sound. A boat from Seal Ifland came ^* here, and flayed all night. The morning was clear and fine, but afterwards it rained very hard. The fealers put out thirteen nets. A remarkable fine day for the time of the year. I walked round Curlew Hill this morning, but faw nothing. The carpenter and four hands were fixing capflans to heave the Otter up with. In the evening, the fealers hauled fome of their nets under the foutli fliore but had nothing in them. At eight o'clock this evening, the Indian houfe took fire, and in a Vol. n. F fliort Friday ii, S. W. ir. N. w. Saturday is, S. S. IV. s. II 'if'" i I i< ^i i; 'I ; '''' ' ll,., I 34 November. Sunday 13, H'i.id N. IV. iNIcn''ay 14. S. 5. r. Tuefday 15. S. S. £. 5. liflli. Wednef. 1 6. K A'. E. N. E. frtjh. Thurfday 17, S. s. v.. S. Friday 18. S. E. kittle. Saturday 19. S.E.(oS.lV. THE THIRD VOYAGE. fliort time the whole roof was confumed; biithy the afTiftance of all hands, the llames \vere exlinguilhed. Sharp IVofh all night. The carpeiiter and fomeafTiflants were repairing the Indian lioufe. The lealers brought one net on fhore, and cut it from the rope, it being twilled. At noon I went in a fkift' and haul- ed the nets under the Lyon Head, and had a lazarus in one of them. From thence we rowed round Eyre Illand, and killed three pigeons and a lady. fine, pkafant day. The carpenter finiOied the Indian houfe and the capflans. The fealers hauled their nets, and prepared fome more of their craft. Plcafant weather* I fent a fkiff out a fifliing, but they caught nothing. A fkifF came up from Seal Illand and returned at night. I fet my thermometer out to-day for the winter. The fealers fitting their craft. Dark weather with fmall fnow. Ther. S** 27" — 8'' 23^° The fealers fitting their craft. Hard gales, with foggy, moi ft; weather. Ther. S*" 25° — 8'' 28"' The fealers put out nineteen nets, and hauled thofe which, were out before; but they found nothing in them. Thick, wet fog all day. Ther. S^ 28"— S*- 28° No boats out to-day. Hard gales, with fnow in the morning, rain at noon, and fair at night. Ther, S** 25"— S"* 27** At '•-Ill , 'a :-':\ .v;.; THE THIRD VOYAGE. At one this afternoon the Otter appeared in the found ; and I fent John Hayes with a boat's crew to aflifl her up; having worked till dark, they bore up for Seal Ifland. The boat I fent, together with that which accompanied her, returned in the evening with all the hands except four. From them we learned that fhe worked fo badly, and made fo much leeway, that fhe was driven out to fca on the fevt nth inftant, as far as Belle Ifle; and that flie reached into the mouth of Niger Sound that evening, where flie got on fliore upon Round Ifland; but re- ceived fo much damage as to prove very leaky. Cloudy weather. Then 8'' 24"— 8'' 11" Early in the morning the fealers hauled their nets in White Bear Sound, but found nothing in them. John Hayes re- turned and informed us that the Otter would not work to windward, and that he had left her moored in Seal Tickle. I faw twenty geefe to-day, which is near a month later than ufual. A clear day. Then P 6° below 0—8'' 2" ^5 At three o' clock this morning I fent two nciffs to Seal Ifland, to bring up the Otter; they returned at nine with a report that there was too much wind below to move hen At fun-fet we fent four *flciffs, and they returned with the velfel at fix o'clock. The people were employed the reft of the day in putting out eight more nets, bringing one on fliore to clean it, and in roping new ones. A clear day, with fliarp froft. Then 8*^ 2° — 8'^ 4° At day-light all hands unloaded the Otter, and afterwards unrigged her, took out her marts, and hauled her oiF. We hauled fome nets, brought two on fliore, being tw.fl;jd, and F 2 had * A {ki{[\ crew is four men. »774. November. Sunday 20, S.ff. to A'. IV. modtratt. Monday 91. A', m moderate, N. N. jr. fnjh. Tuefiay ti, W. N. IV. Jrtjk. N.W. moderatt. calm. W'ednef. 2J, A', by E. N. E. 3S Movember. Thurfday 24. .V. frrjlu friday tj. Saturday 26. calm. S. Ei/refii Sunday 27. S.E. S: ?Jonday 28. IV. tittle. Tuefday 29. Wi mcdtratt. THE THIRD VOYAGE. had a couple of bedlamcrs. The cove is now frozen up. Ther. S*- 6°— 8"^ <)" We put out one fhoal-nct and hauled fome of thofe which are on the north lide of the found, but had nothing in them. At noon we laid the Otter on fhore, ready for heaving up. The cove, and alfo the head of the found, are full of lolly. I killed three ducks. Cloudy weather. Ther. 8'' 13 "—8'' 20 •* The fealers put out feven fhoal-nets, and four Hoppers, and they hauled mofl of thofe which were out before, but had nothing in them. We pulled down part of the wharf. The cove and head of the found remain as yeflerday. Cloudy, with a little fnow. Ther. S*- 17"— S*" 19"* We put out eight more fhoal-nets, and took one up, in which was a bedlamer. I went with the carpenter to the head of the found, where we repaired and altered two of the capflans, and put out a fbxtrap. I killed a raven with my rifle at above one hundred yards diflance. The cove and found clear of lolly. Cloudy weather. Ther. ^^ 15"— •8'' 24° A fkifF came up from Seal Ifland; they have no feals yet. Hard gales, with fog and rain. Ther. 8'' 28" — b*" 29" The fealers put out three f toppers and two fhoal-nets ; they brought one fhoal-net on fhore, and had five ieals. The wea- ther being fo remarkably mild, caufes the feals to keep back. Fog and rain the fore part of the day ; the latter, cloudy. Ther. S^^ 26"— 8'' 21° I went in a fkifF to Caribou Harbour, faw a fox on Great Caribou, THE THIRD VOYAGE. 37 Caribou, and killed a duck. A fkifT-load of wood was brought • — ^ — ^ r 1 r 1 '774. out OI the lOUnd. November. Clear weather. Ther. 8'' 12°— 8'' ISC'* IS Two (hoals of feals were feen to-day for the firfl time. We Wednef. 30. put out two more flioal-nets, and removed thofe which were „ ^^f- . under Lyon Head, to the fouth point of White-Bear Sound. We have now all our nets out, amounting to feven floppers, and lixty-two Ihoal-nets. A fkiff came here to-day from Hooper's pod; they informed us that their crew confifts of nine hands; they have ihirty-two nets, yet had killed but two feals the twen- ty-fourth inftant. Foggy and cloudy all day. Ther. S"* 25° — 8'' 32° December, Had buoys put on the two long Hoppers, and fent a fkiff out Thurfday 1. a fifhing, but no cod was to be met with. Two fkiff-loads of "'""• wood were brought home. I went to one of the Duck Iflands s. in St. Lewis's Bay, and killed three ducks and a bull. Ther. 8'' 32"— 8'' 37° A quantity of mofs was gathered to chinfe the houfes with. Frefh gales. Ther. 8'' 28—8'' 25" We had two rangers, and got home a fkilf-load of wood. Ther. 8^ i5»— 8'' 17° Friday 2, s. s. w. IV. Saturday 3, W.frtjh. n. Not being able to heave the Otter up, we got her afloat this morning, and towed her to Shallop Cove. After breakfaft I went with feveral men, and dogs, to look for a fox on Duck Ifland, but could not find one. A fkiff came up from Seal Ifland. The crew there had a harp this morning. Clear morning, cloudy afterwards. Ther. 8'' 14°— 8'' 24* All Sunday 4, N. IV. S. IV. little. ;■;,'■( 38 '77'1- Dcicni' cr. \tc)n(la\ ;, K V. w. hard, Tuf fUay C. A'. IV. Kodtratf. W'cdnrf. 7. TJjurfday 8. ir. N. IV. N.W. Friday 9. K. IV. hard. THE THIRD VOYAGE. All hands were employed in thwarting up the Otter; thai done, we fciittcd and blocked her up for the winter. Cloudy day. Ther. S'' 15°— S'' 15° ' We had a bedlamer. A fkiff from Seal Ifland came here to-day. They had another harp this morning. Clear day. Ther. 8'' 4°— 8'' 5" ' A fkiff-load of firewood was brought out of the found. Hard gales, and cloudy weather. Ther. S*" 20 — 8'' 10" We got home two fkifF-loads of firing. Hard gales, and clear. Ther. 8'' 1° — S** 10* ,.. We took up a fhoal-net from the head of the found; that place being now almoll frozen up. Twelve hands were cutting firewood. Clear weather. Ther. S*" o"— 8'' lo-* m Saturday lo, Four HcifF-loads of wood were brought home. We had the mJdem- ^^^ ^^^P to-day. Two black-whales appeared in the harbour. The head of the found and the cove are full of lolly. One of the fmall ftoppers was carried away by the ice, and we brought it on (hore. Clear weather, fmart froft. Ther. 8'' 5° below o. — 8'» 7** _ , We had another harp. Sunday 1 1 . r • i s. E. The fore part of this day was dull, and the latter, foggy with s. hard. rain. Ther. 8*' 18°— S'' 22* Monday 12, S. fV. w. s. w. hard' A fquarephripper was caught in a net to-day, but got away as one of the people was clearing him out. Four groufe came before the door, two of which were killed. Clear day. Ther. S^ 29°— S"" 7'' We that here that tting the our. leof Light /vith ivay We THE THIRD VOYAGE. We had a bedlamcr. After bi caLrafl I went out in a fkifF with fome traps, and put one on Little Caribou, one on Duck Jfland, and eighteen on Great Caribou, but did not tail them. In our way home ^vc called at Seal I Hand, where the crew had killed ten feals. Lolly beginning to make. Clear day. Ther. 8'' 5" below o — S^ 7" below o. 89 «77'l- Drcciiiber. i iiclddv 131 IV. S. IV. modtratt. calm. ;r. iitt!t. This morning our whole poll was frozen over, occafioned by "^vdnci. 14. lafl; night's calm, and a fmart froft. We removed eleven nets out of the harbour, into the tickle, and to the lower part of the found on the fouth fide. At night moll of the ice was driven out, and we had a bedlamer. Three feals were frea to day. I went to Middle Pond where I Ikated a little, and fliot a brace of groufe. Ther.. 8'' 15° below o — 8'' 3° below o. The north fhore of the found, from the Indian houfe down- Thnrfdny 15. Avard, is choaked up with lolly. We had one harp, and I Ihot '''• "^^ '*'' a white gull, with a fcarlet beak and legs, which is the firll I have iecn of the kind. Rained hard. Ther. Sf* 14°— S'» 19° We had a ranger to-day. A boat of Hooper's came up with one of his men to our furgeon; the man had loft his left thumb, and had his hand much (battered by the burlling of a gun, as he was (hooting at fome ducks this morning. One of our peo- ple killed feven ducks. Ther. S^ 25°— 8" 22^^ Moft of the nets were hauled, but we got notliin:^. I fent Jack to cut a hole through the ice in Middle Pond, and 10 angle for trout; he caught a brace. Dark weather. Ther. 8'» 18"— S'' 5" below o. As Friday iG. S. 5. JV. W. N. IK hard. Sii w'^y I ; N.j!ron 13°— 8'' iS'' \Veaner.21. Early this morning the .fealers brought the remaining four jirmg.' fhoal-nets on fhore, which were in the harbour, as we had en- tirely given over all hopes of feals; but at eleven o'clock they appeared ■ 1 •.-.-'t THE THIRD VOYAGE. 41 appeared in large flioals. All hands were immediately employed « — ^ > about the nets: uc put out ci^ht flioal-ncts, and one Ilopper. December. Moll of thofe which were out were cither afloat, driven, or full of weeds; we boated fevcral of them, and brought fome on fliore to clean. My nofe was IVofl-burnt; and at night, by feme accident or other, my thermometer was broken. A dull day. Thcr. 8'' 8° below p— 8'' 7° below o. All the water was covered with lolly this morning, as far as ^''"^jj^ "* we could fee, with fome few feals appearing among it; but they ly. luuu were gone by night. Mofl of the nets were either afloat or driven: we had twenty-live feals, and brought fcvcn nets on Ihore. At night the fo' nd was frozen. We got feventeen nets on fliorc, and had ten feals in them. The carpenter began to lay the dining-room floor. In the even- ing I was feized with a mofl violent fit of the fciatica, and much afHifted from my loins downward. Clear weather. Friday 2,9, w. N. ly. lutlc. ir We brought four nets and one feal on fliore. Four men came down on foot from St. Lewis's Bay. The carpenter fi- nifhed the floor. I was inexpreffibly bad all lafl night and this day. At night all hands wr; c drunk and fighting, accord- ing to annual cuflom. A clear day. I was fomewhat better to-day. A dull day, and it fnoweU at night. Saturday c^, tatm. Sunday 25, talm. E. biltte. The people fpent the grcatefl; part of this day in fhooting at Mondny 26. a mark, for a filvcr tgbacco-pipe of mine; they were to fire ^-i'"''- Vol. II. G fifty -m ! : I i ; iM 42 JDcLciiiLer. TuefJay 57. Wind N.N. E. Wrdiicf. jS. A', ly. tilltt. Tluirfil.iy 2g. rrid.iv 30. S. E. Saturiljy 31. S.5. /r. J.i'iiian-. Sund.iv t, s. ir. THE THIRD VOYAGE. fifty fliots for a fhillins each, with a fingle ball, at the diflance of a hundred yards; out of thirty-tiirce Iliots which were fired to-day, only one ball was put into the tar*^et; therefore but little venifon can be expeded from fuch bad markfmen. Hard gales and coniinual fnow, which prevented any work. The tickle and found being clear, we got feventeen flioal- ncts and one Hopper on fliore, and had I'cvcn leals in thcni; fevcral of our nets were carried away by the ice, but we do not yet know how many. Hard frolt. The tickle and found are full of lolly. The nets which were on fliorc vvTre put upon (hears; afterwards, the people hnifliel fhooting for the pipe, which was won by the carpenter: two balls only were put into (he target. I fent two hands round t!ie traps; they took up die hx which were on the fouth fulcof iho found and carried them to the head of it, in order to tail thrux acrofs the peninfula to Niger Sound. One of our men lcdlJv.d both his fixH very mucli. A great run of foxes. Hard froll, and clear weather. Hard galjs, with much fnow, and fine ^^'eather. The tickle and bolli founds are clear of ic'.\ Strong gales, Iliarp froil, and clear ^^x■aLlur. We got eight fli ) il-net'^ 0:1 flDcto-liv, tuI hi I ''m r-ik in t!icm. One man viliuxl the traps. A brae* tjl" Iom ^ cro.KJ the harbour. A man of Hoop* r"> catuc up to li'c iiicir wouad- cc' man, a'ld infornu-d us that tluy had killed oulv uae Iniridr. d and (oriv id i i.c ^^1 , r.v- 43 '775- January. Monday 2, IV./ri/h. Tuefday 3, N. IV. moderate. THE THIRD VOYAGE. Wc got a fkifF-load of wood from the head of the found, and brought away the flopper-nets from thence. A clear, frofly day. I fcnt two fkiffs to Great Caribou; one to be left there, the other to bring the people back, and fetch the traps from thence; they returned with fifteen. A Ikilf of Hooper's, and one of Noble and Pinfon's came here, from the crews we learned that Noble and Pinfon's people had killed one hundred and feventy feals; and that all their nets were in a fliattered condition. We cut one net out of the ice to-day. Clear, frolly day. The [leople carried fome of their things up to the Lodge, and Wfejh. I walked among the bullies by the Indian houfe, to look foi a rabbit which frequents that place but could not find it. The fnow was very deep and foft, which fatigued me greatly. One of our goats kidded this evening. Cloudy weather. Hard . M 45 4 * ;! }775' Friday 13. Saturday 14, mnd K W. moderati. THE THIRD VOYAGE. Hard gales, with fmall fnow, hail, and rain. After breakfaft I went to Eyre Ifland. The furriers went round their traps, and one of them met with great plenty of ducks in Ragged Bay, where he killed fix, but got only one of them. John Hayes came down from the Lodge, and brought two martens. A clear day, with fmart froft. At night it froze much harder than at any time this winter. The roof of our houfe kept continually cracking, as loud as the report of a fmall piftol; which \s always the cafe with boarded roofs when the frofl is fevere at night, and the fires are out. Four hands went to Seal Ifland with a fled, and brought up twelve feals' carcafes. Hayes returned t'lis morning, and John Ryan with him; the latter came back from Seal Ifland, to which place he went yellerday without leave. The furriers brought home one trap from Great Caribou. A clear, fcvcre, frolly day. The furriers went round their traps, and brought home a Monday i6. groufe. Si:nday i". A^. N. IV. Dull, mild weather, with fmall fnow. 5. IV. N. Macray came from the Lodge to make a complaint againfl T.efday .7. John Hayes the head-man, which I found to be frivolous; and '^-^Z'- accordingly I font him back. I went to Wolf Cove and Atkin- fon Brook. The head man of Seal Ifland came here; he return d from Chateau yefterday, and informed us that all the fealing-cro'vvs along the coall had loft great nuinbors of nets, and killed but very few feals. lUie furriers had a yellow fjx.' Strong gales with fmall fnow, which kept us all at home. I went to Eyre Ifland but faw nothing. Clear, fliarp weather. I walked W'ediuf. xt. s. Thuifili'.y if^, S.J¥.f, ■■;/•!, 45 THE THIRD VOYAGE. Lipuiirv. 1 I (lilV i'O. JViv/l X. IV. nude rate. Satifd.iy 2 1, A.ir./rrji. Sundav 22. I ^\•alkcd round Curlew Hill to tunnel groufe; but could nor find any birds. I caught an cimine in the llorc-room. Wcatlicr as ycftcrday. Mr. Scott Avcnt to the Lodge, and returned at night. Six men came down from thence; one of whom returned. Wcallier as ycllcrday. The people returned to the Lodge. ' ' Hard gales and fmall fnow. , > Monday 23. I wcnt round the Caribous with one of the furriers; had a t»ria6/e. yellow fox, and fliot 3 groufc. .■ Tiicfday 2.}. 5. IK moderate. Wodner. P5. S. ir. tittle. I went out a tunneling, and faw fome birds, but they ^vould not drive. One of the furriers faw a wolf, and caught a y\'lov\r fox, which weighed feventcen pounds. The other killed a groule, which weighed twenty-eight ounces. A dull day, \viLh fmall fnow. One of the furriers, meeting ^vith the tracks of two wolves on Little Caribou, returned immediately ; on which Mr. Scott and I wc nt after them, but they were gone. We loll the terrier and fuppofcd fhe had got into a trap. A very rrild day. I \\'ent upon Eyre Kland, ^vhere I faw the tracks of a wolf and feveral foxes, and killed fcven phtharmagans. In the even- ing Noble and i'infon's head-man brought the terrier home; flic had flrolled o\ cr to his houfe. Five of Coghlan and Hoop- er's people ranic iicre, three of whom went up to the Lodge. A cloudy, mild day. Tridav 27. I carried t^■,'0 traps to Portland Tickle, and tailed them for fox- K. IV. lutk. es. I'xom the top of PorLlund illand i dii(:overed live deer upon the Thnrfday 26. A'. ^■. IV. 11:. 'derate. '■:^M THE THIRD VOYAGE. 47 the ice in Caribou Harbour. Taking ihem for wolves, as they ■ivcre at a great diflance, atid icaring ihcy would attack one of me lurricrs who was gone upon Crc al Caribou I made lialle to li.'. ethim. On his iuloniiiiig nic what thty weje, 1 lift him, \-. .;h the greyhound u;jon their Hot, and went af ertliem to ihe tall tnc\ of ilie ifap.d; f om whence i found they l;al turned acrofs Ragged B-iy lo thr ioLi;h-\'ard. but cvt nin,!:; anproachni^r, I gave ihtm up. Ilie fnow bfing w t a. id bad io w;lh^. u, oii, I was fo CGini'kttly tirtd with njy tiay's work, aui ut lait I was obliged to re II every fifty yaids; and had ;>ut juil; :r n li enough to reach the houfc, two iiours afici daik. v;ne «.l our f\.ak rs wcntoff with Coa:hlan'6 men on a Viht LoSp.ar iiUiLjur. Dull, foft weather. About fen o'clock this morning five deer came down tlie harbour from Entc rj-Tiie 'IickK:; Piikethky a: id I went after them, but running out upon the ice, he caufed thrm to turn back. One of Xoble and Pinfon's men brought us throe groulij and a pair of duc'^s. Dull, fro.'ly wea:her, with fm^Jl fnow. '775- January. SifiiSvS. E. moderate. Two mc!i of Sladc's from Bad Bav, and one of Hooner's, SuWag. 1 ^ ^ IV. came ncie. Small liiow in the morning, afterwards it blew hard with a.£. much drift. The furr'crs cleared their traps. Tlie Poole m-^n went away. Kcblc and Pinfm's head-maa calLd her-, a:id acqu i.nted me tliat Coghlan's crews had not killed above fjvojity lealseach; yri th.'v pretended th y h id kill.d four handled. '1 li;s niora- iiig we had the moiuiicat on to fiud our iow^ dead; Ihe was f ized with a pnniatuie labour. Cloudy, liiarp fioll, with drift. I went M •..'! 3°. A.yw//, he ,j8 THE THIRD VOYAGE. ' ■ "775- Jiiniiary. 'J rtlday 3 1 . ir.idA'. ir. /•'. modeitil' . Fil'iuary, V'cdnrf. 1. Thurfday : W. little. I'iiday 0. A', frefk. /.ar.i. Saturday 4. A'. A'. E. frrjii. hard gala. I ', i;'i I went over Little Caribou, fliifted fome of the traps, and fa^v' the tracks of two wolves. A man belonging to captain Darby came here to-day ; and informed me that one of his mallei's crews had killed {q.\q.\\ hundred feals; the other t\M3, thirty each; and all had fuffered greatly in their craft. A clear day, ^vith fevcre froll. The furriers looked at fome of their traps, and tailed a large one on Little Caribou for a wolf. Darby's man going away, I fent a letter by him to his mailer. Dull morning, fnow at noon, clear at night. Lad night and to-day a very great fwell tumbled in from fea, and broke up the whole of White-Bear Sound, Charles Har- bour Tickles, and St. Lewis's Bay, farther than we could fee from the top of Eyre llland; alfo, all without Litde Caribou. I fent the furriers to tail a firing of traps acrofs Eyre llland, and they afterwards vilited thofe on Little Caribou. I went there likewife, and fliifted fome of tlie traps. Wc got a IkiflF- load of wood from the head of the found. Clear and very mild. One of the furriers went to Salt Cove with a large trap, the other vifited thofe on Eyre Ifland, and I walked round the mid- dle ones on Little Caribou. There was a great run of foxes, but they would not touch the baits. A dull day, with fhow in the evening. The ice is broken up for a confiderablc \vay within Raft Tickle, and alfo two hundred yards above Otter Ifland; but a bridcrc remains to it from the north weft end of the latter. The furriers put out two more traps on Eyre Ifland, and vi- fited fome of the reft. The planter came down from the Lodge. Dark I' li! 1^ m ■'V :fi ■;'■* THE THIRD VOYAGE. Dark weather with thaw all day ; and it drifted hard, with fliarp froll all night. 49 >775- February. Enterprife Tickle is broken up to Skiff's Harbour. A deal Sund..y 5. r drift ice drove through between the Caribous. »,^"''j <^ til, nuid, bnow, drill, and Iharp froft. / ft:T breakfafl I walked to the top of Cape Dumpling, from whence 1 law one of our nets in the Tickle, and had it taken up: we found five feals in it, one of which was intirely eaten by the lice, but the ochers were frefli llruck in ; and two of them were lazaruies. We crept for one of the others, but could not find it. The furriers went round their traps, and one of them favv a white-bear on Great Caribou. John Hayes came down from the Lodge, and the planter returned thither. Going in a punt with the furriers to Seal Ifland, I brought nine carcaffes from thence, and we tried to filh, but could not catch any. Monday 6. A^. IV. nodcratu Tuefday 7, calm. S.W.frtJh: tut!' Taking four hands with me, I went in a fkiff to Charles Ifland; Wdncf. 8. where we met with many ducks and killed three: we. alfo faw ^•f"f'* feme lazarufes and fea pigeons, and tried forlifh,but could catch none. On our return we met with furh a prodigious quantity of congealed fnoAv driving out of the bay, that it was with the utmolt difficulty we could regain the fliore : and upon coming to the mouth of Indian Tickle, we found it fo thick, that, had it not been for the afliilance of Hooper's people, who live on the ifland, we could not have got througli. We returned home at dark, and found our man come back from Spear Harbour: he informed us, that St. Lewis's Bay was broken up as far as Pigeon lilands. Much fnow till noon, but clear afterwards. Vol. II. H The ■(>; 60 I'l'briiary. 1 liiiild.iv •)• li;;,l S. s. ii: W. />y/4. hard, I'riciiy lo, A'. IV. Jujh. S.itiirdny 1 1 . £. mcdtrate. Sunday t2. S. mcdtratt. Moniliy 13. A'. U'. A'. £. s. ir. lui.'t. THE THIRD VOYAGE. The runicrs looked at fome trajjs. White-Bear Sound was fii!l of lolly all the forenoon, but it cleared with the Uiifting of the wind, ^ Snow and drift all day. The furriers went round their traps and one of them brouglit a fox's loot from Wolf Cove. He removed the large traps, and baited them lljr foxes. White-Rear Sound, and Charles Harbour are fro/en over with thin iee. Clear, Iharp, frolly weather with drift. I fent two hands to the Lodge, and another along with Jaek a Ihooting upon Lyon Head. I went upon Curlew Hill, Iroiu whence I faw a deer crofs Wolf Cove and go upon Lyon Head, but could not follow it for \vant of rackets; I therefore came home, and fent the furriers, who retinncd at night with a groufe, but did not fee the deer: the other two men killed three groufe. Four hands came down IVom the Lodge, and one from Hooper's. A clear 1 1 oily da)-. Ihe people returned to the Lodge. The lower part of Charles Sound is flill clear, the rell fiozcn fall. A cloudy day. I went with one of the furriers lo Little Caribou, where we frelli tailed the trajis, and rubbed them with cod-blubber. We iiad a while fox, and killed a groule. '1 he other furrier walked round his traps on Eyre Uland, and carried out two moiT; from thence he went to Lyon Head, where he killed three groufe, and faw plenty of fox tracking-;. Dull, wlUi faow all the morning, aiid clear afterwards. \-M i^^ i. 1 ■!• ; I TufHiv 14. It bLw and drifted very hard all day. The ^f H ; THE THIRD VOYAGE. Noble and Pinfon's •77.1- The furriers went round their traps, liead-man and another peribn called here in their way to Mary Feijr'a'y. Wedncl. 15, Wind W. frtjh. Harbour, a deer fhootinq;; and I fent one of our people along U'illi them. The new ice bore to-day. Some drift, levere froft, and a clear Iky. The furriers went round their traps. A dull morning, with fnow and drift afterwards. One of the furriers went round his traps. A drifting morning, with very fcverc froft, and a clear {ky all day. Thurfddy 16. N./nJh. Friday 1 7, IV.freJh. moderaUi I took the Indian boy with me and went round Lyon Head, *'"' 7 ' * ■; ^ / W. moderate. where I killed a ptarmigan, and faw a filver fox. The furri- ers went round their traps. I'wo of Noble and Co.'s people came here. Severe Irolt, and a clear fky. The deer hunters returned widiout fuccefs. Another o Sunday ig. Noble and Co.'s people and one of the furriers went off for Drifty Mountains. The other furrier went upon Curlew Hill and killed eleven groufe. Two hands came from the Lodge. Severe froll and clear weather all day; it drifted in the evening. frcft. The people went back to the Lodge. The furrier returned Monday 20. with three ducks. A cloudy day, and milder than of late. s. w, frcfu One of the furriers went to Great Caribou, where he faw a TicfJ^v 21. brace of foxes, and the frefli flot of fome deer. I went to ^- '"'''"'''"' Little Caribou, and found fix of the traps robbed. Dull weather, with a gentle tha\v. II 2 ' The mi il m fiL! THE THIRD VOYAGE. The furriers vifited their traps, and found fome of them rob- bed. I went round Little Caribou, and afterwards meafured the Little Tickle, and marked out a fealing-pound upon the ice; in order to afccrtain the dinicnlions of the nets. A clear, mild day, but it froze fevcrely at night. The furriers went round their traps and had a crofs-fox. It fnowed and drifted all the morning, and there was a clear flcy afterwards, with fevcre froft. The furriers went round their traps, and one of them killed a duck. I went over the barrens to the vvcllward, and, at the head of Niger Sound, obfervcd that a herd of near fifty deer had palled lately towards Drifty Mountains. Jack, who was with with me, killed a brace of groufe. Noble and Co.'s head-man, with one of * Mr. Lymburner's people, came here to-day. Clear, with (harp froll. Saturday 95. Twclve mcn Came down from the Lodge for provifions, and ^Jifl. returned at noon. Soon after there came on a hard gale of wind with much fnow, and it drifted exceedingly. One of our goats died lail night. 53 r— "^-^ » »775' Fcbtuaty. Wednsf. ui. IVind S. W. Jrejh. TKiirfday 23. N.J}r»»g. medtrtttt. Friday 84. W. s. m frtjh. hard. Simdaf 26. 5. W. frtjh, Monday zj» S.W. nndtrattt Tuefday s3. 5. mtdiruttt A cloudy day, with fome drift. The furriers went round Great Caribou in quefl of ducks, but got none. I walked round Little Caribou; two of the traps were flruck up, and fome others robbed. A dull day. The furriers went to White-Fox Ifland; one of them returned with a duck, and the other went to Hooper's poll. I walked xound Little Caribou. A clear day. At • Mr. Lymburner is a merchant at Quebec, who keeps fealing-pofts. -fii THE THIRD VOYAGE. At eleven o'clock, taking Edward Croke and Jack with me, together with our provi lions, upon a Nefcaupick (led drawn by two dogs, we fet off for Young's Droke, where we arrived at four in the afternoon : by the way we left a large trap on the fouth fide of Niger Sound, to be tailed for deer hereafter. We faw the flot of a herd of deer, and the tracks of many foxes and groufc; and killed a porcupine, which we found in pof- feflion of the houfe, if it is worthy to be called one; for it has neither fides nor roof: however, we made a good fire on the hearth, and lay in puppy's parlour. A clear, mild day, but it fnowed hard all night. We attempted to go out, but were foon obliged to return ; the fnow being very deep and light. It fnowed hard till noon, and then cleared up. Jack and I made an attempt to go over Drifty Mountains, but when we gained the top of them, we could not (land the wind, drift, and froH. Croke went to Camp Illands, where he faw a great many ducks, but killed none of them. Returning, he killed two brace of groufc, and law two wolves going from Ta- ble Point upon the ice, and crofs Niger Sound ; he followed them a long way, but could not overtake them ; they were on the flot of a deer, and went leifurely along. Hazy, and fharp froll. 53 March. Wednef. I. {find S. Moderati, Thtirfday i tatm. frejh. Friday 3. S. IV.freJh.. At Croke went round Ptarmigan Hill. I followed at noon, and Saturday 4. killed a groufe. ^' '''''' A clear day, but it drifted exceedingly, with fcvcrc froft. At nine this morning we fet out for home, and arrived at one Saturday 5. in the afternoon. We looked into the old fealing-houfe on s.mcda-au. Round Ifland, and obferved that it had been much frequented by ff. 11? 51 Mauh. Mnndiiy 6« .s. re. A', luird, TiiiTiIjy 7. THE THIRD VOYAGE. by {oxcs, iluic bciM<5 fomc oil-gullies left there; tve tailed two I'lnail traps in it. It \vas very good walking on the ice with rack- ets, but exceedingly loll upon the land. Clear, with Iharp frofl. It fnowed till noon and then cleared up, but it drifted hard all day. Hard gales, with fnow anddiiftall day; but both ccafcd at night. S. IV. E. ir. tiltle. Wdiief. 8. I font the furriers to Young's Drokc for a few days. A fox was dirco\'ered this morning feeding on a feal's carcafs, which I had laid on Otter Illand: Mr. Scott went round and drove him up the iiaibour; I Hipped the greyhound and he killed him after a very fine lun of a mile. He could not have run fo long be- fore the dog, had he not had five hundred yards law; he proved of the bad crols kind. I afterwards ^vent round fomc of the traps, and had a yellow fox on Eyre Illand. I obferved that much ice in the mouth of St. Lewis's Bay was broken up; ulfo a great deal between the Caribous. A clear day. Thurfday 9. In tlic aftcmoon three Nefcaupick Indians came here with a "'"'• few furs to fell. N. E. frfjh. It fiiowcd all lad night, and till noon to-day, then cleared up and drifted. Lli Fr'day to. A'. A'. E. modtratt. This morning another fox was feeding on the feal's carcafs on Otter Ifiand, and I went round with the dog, but he Hole away. ^Ve purchafed tlic Indians' furs, which proved a very inconfi- derablc quantity. The furriers returned this evening; they had killed nothing, and a ^ox had gone off with one of the traps, THE THIRD VOYAGE. traps, which they fuppoCed, he liacl carried into tlic water. Cloudy weather w ith gentle thaw. 55 '775- Marih. 1 he Indians went away this morning. One man came from Satt.Kiay u. the lodge. s.iy.jir.„g. A cloudy day, with fliarp froft and much drift. The man who came from ihc lod^e y.-Ilcrd ly rcurncd, and ''" 7 I'* •' A. hartl. two Others came down. Sharp f'oll with drift all day. • The two men rctuir.cd to the lod^*' i fcn(. one of the \\\v- Monj^y v^, riers lor ihe trap on Round Illand, ll\e other lo Eye /Hand, ^■^•'^ '^'•"'• and I walked round Little Ca: .bou. Some drift, and fevere IVod. The furrier returned, and brougiit notliing '>ut the trap. t 'ly 14, It drifted hard all day, except iur a ihoit v.a\r:, at noon. &.:y.nard. One oftlie furr'ers went lo the he.id of ilie harbo'T, and WmLvr. 5. tailed the lar:^e traps '. jr d^er. 'Ihc ruler ■,ifit(d I'.is tiaps oa •■"■'-*'>• 11 111 '■■xirratt. Eyre Illandand Lyon IIc:id Juck and i toox a id.i-v wuik to the wt Ilwurd, hu: law nothing. 'I hive of G)ghiciri's people came here lorn AUxis Riv'cr. A claudy day, with Iree lliav and a Ihowcj if rain^ winch is the fit il this year. The furriers went round their Ivaps, and had a raven. Timrriayie. Cloudy, .viih hail and ii'.vei diaw; afterwards it thawed freely. ^' "" ^"-^^'' Seven hands came from the lodge, and brought a new fal- frHiv.y. mon-net, ^vhieh they had made, and a marten. 'Jhis bein.^ yv- St. Patrick's day, the people celebrated it m the ufual way, b/ getting very drunk and fighting. A dull ''Il \l • li in:! ifhi i! ■ I ,1 u : i\ m m I - :1 ti 'Ml « :'i!l '.J] fiwii'iiiuri, Id r.S «775 THE THIRD VOYAGE. A dull fbrcnoon; it thawed in the afternoon, hailed in the Mtrch. evenii)g. and rained hard at night. Saturday t8. It rained till ten o'clock, but the reft of the day proved clou- 5. iy.%ji. ^y and thawed freely. Sunday 19. It raincd a little before day-light, but there was a moderate jf-g firoft afterwards with (bme Irna'il liiow during the grcaicit part J\'. /nfi. of the day. Monday 20. I fcnt onc of the furriers to the traps by Niger Sound ; the ^'jnk^' ^^ other to fetch his traps from Lyon H« ad, and la.l ihcni on the South fide of Eyre Hland; and I went round Lifilc Cari- bou. One of thofe traps was carried away, but by what I could not tell; no" could I find it again. A man came down from the lodge, to help to faw the ftocks. Our oilier fhe- goat died this morning. Hazy and cloudy, with Iharp froft and much drift. Tuefda^ 2 1 . The furriers went round their traps but got nothing ; although K E. plenty of foxes had been about them. I went to Great Caribou. Clear weather. Wednef. 22. Coghlan's people ivent home. A^ E. hard. Sharp frofi, with much drift and fmall fnow. Thurfday 23. Onc of thc furricrs went to Hooper's poll to look for ducks. ^pong' Sharp, frofty, dark weather. rriday24. Four mcn came from the lodge, and returned again. The ^' furrier returned without any thing. A dark day with fmall fnow, and fome drift in the evening i the iroit abated. The Ihe The THE THIRD VOYAGE. The drift ice came in again. Mr. Scott and our furgeon ^v'ill not venture their nofes i'ar from the fne, to endeavour to kill any thing: but they are very ghid to partake of what is killed by others. It hailed, fnowed, and rained to-day. Ml-. Scott and I went to Grcar-Canbou to fee if there were any foals come in upon the drift ice, but ■^nt found none. We faw a fox, but he was too I'ar olf to lay the dog on him. Gcnlle frolt and cloudy morning ; it fnowed afterwards. A great deal of fnow has gone oIT tiieie two days pafl. It rained in the morning, and was dull afterwards. 57 ^17 -i' Mar. Ii. SnturtLiy 25. IViiid .V. £; S.E. S. ir.fijii.y. Ji:lif Siin(!,iv -O, S. K. Monday 27. S. Jlrong. E. little. I mcafurcd the tickles again, intendii g to have a pound, with Tucfj.iy 28, nets, there next iiL.afi)n. In tiie exening, four of Coghlaii's pco- \\c caine here from Port Charlotte. A cloudy morning, and clear after with thaw. Strontj fiales with rain and foa:. *o h I went to the lodge on a fled, and returned in the afternoon. Six men came IVom thence 'jr provifLons. I fent the furriers to Port Mariiham a deer f!.30tiiig. Hooper's man went home fo-day : his hand being i . i Tiir \\'a^' of healiii". Sharp frod and fomc ' ow. jack and I went roui the ti'ipf mi Eyre Ifland and Little Caribou. Great part o he fouth . le of St. Lewis's Bay is quite clear of ice. Gentle froil with freq; nt f.iower'^, gi h-\o\v. WrJncr, 1\k, which drifted. Vol. IL X Frid.T- ,31. 5. ll'.fir^jng. April. Su; ipI.iv I, A'. L. Jinng At 58 ^ ^ J '77.5- April. Suiuiay i. Wind N. E.Jirong. I ^'M THE THIRD VOYAGE. At fix o'clock this morning, I fet ofF for Port Marnham on a decr-fhootinsj i)aity, takinj^ Indian Jack, with our provifi- ons and neccfTarics, upon my Efciuimau ilcd, drawn by a cou- ple of blood-hounds and a Newfoundland dog: I was accom- panied there by two of Coghlan's people, who were returning home to Spear Harbour. On arri\ing at Port Marnham, and feeing no lign of our people, I went to Fox Harbour, and found their baggage in Noble and Pinfon's old failing houfe, which is nearly in the lame condition as that in Young's Droke. We lay there, making a bed of boughs upon the floor, and flept before the lire like a couple of dogs ; but I had the luxury of a good boat-cloak to ^vrap myfclf in. The furriers did not return at night as I cxpefted : nor could I perceive that they had killed any thing. Cloudy, mild weather. 1 ^ r Monday 3. E. Mn. 'lard gak:. Early in the morning, I ordered the Indian boy home, with the fled and dogs ; but the bad weather which loon came on, cauled him to rettirn. I went up Porcupine Hill and traverfed about there till the \veathcr drove me back aa:ain. I killed an old porcupine big with young, ready to bring forth. I do not know how many thefe creatures have at a birth ; but imagine they are not \'cry prolific: for if they were, they \vould dc- ftroy all the trees in the country, as they feed on nothing but rinds the whole winter, and by io doing kill a prodigious number of trees of all forts ; though they prefer the filvcr-lir to all others. In fpring, they arc very fond of the leaves of the larch, and in the autumn, they eat a bad fpecies of mulh- rooms, which grow here in tolerable plenty. This, creature is a good deal like the beaver, in lize and fliape ; the only diffe- rence is in the tail and feet. They both fit up, and make ufe of their fore feet to feed themfelves with. The porcupine rea- dily climbs trees, for which purpofe he is furaiihed with very long mi % 111 THE TIIirvD VOYAGE. long claws ; and, in winter, when he mounts into a tree, I be- hcvc he docs not come down til he has eaten the bark from the bottom to the top. He generally makes his courfc through a wooil, in a llraight diredion ; feldom niilTmg a tree, unlefs fuch as are old. He loves the young ones bed, and devours fo much, eating only the inner part of the rind, that I have frequently known one porcupine ruin near a hundred trees in a winter. A man who is acquainted with the nature of thefe animals, will feldom mils finding them when the fnow is on the ground, if he can but hit upon the rinding of that winter ; by making a circuit round the barked trees, he will ibon come up- on his track, unlefs a very deep fhow Ihould chance to fall af- ter his lall aCcent. Having once difcovered that, he will not be long, ere he find the animal. The belly of a porcupine is covcrr d ^v'iih courfe fur, but all the reft of him, with fharp prickles; the longeft and ftrongeft of which are on his rump and tail. It is a received opinion, that a porcupine can dart his quills at plcafure into a dillant object ; but, I venture to affirm that this /pccies cannot (whatever any other may do) for I have taken nmch pains to afccrtain the fa6l. On the ap- proach of danger, he retreats into a hole, if poffible; but where he cannot find one, he fcizes upon the befl fhelter that offers, finks his nofe between his fore legs, and defends himfelf by a Iharp ftrokc of his tail, or a fudden jerk of his back. As the quills are bearded at their points, and not deeply rooted in the Ikin, they Hick firml/ into whatever they perictrate. Great care IhovU be taken to ex? raft them immediately; other- wife, by the muirular motion oftli.> animal into which they are ftruck, enforced by the beard-j of the quills, they foon woik thcmfelves quite t.':rouoh the part ; but I nrvcr perceived the punflure to b<' attended with worle f^mptoms, than thai of a chirurigicdl iiulramjnt. 59 »77.5. April. I ^ Tl us 'II I I lifii i''l i ! ;i :r jji \\m 6b »775- April. Tiicfday 4 IVM E. Wc.li-.iT. 5. A'. THK THIRD VOYAGE. This porcupine chanced to be upon tlie grounl; and my greyhound, which ahvavs attends me ;!nd never .adleenone before, no fooner let eyes on him, than he llrue' at him wi;h the liime rcfolution that he would have done at a ' *x. I thou;.',' it he ^\•ould inllantly have jronc mad. His tor)"ue. r' .• -wliole inlide of his mouth, his nofe and lace were (luck a ull ol quails, as it was pollible for them to be ; infomuch, f .this mouth was gagged wide open, and he was in fuch a^^ .ly, that he would have bit me, when I attempted to giv;- him r'.lief, could he have clofed his mouth. Upon returning to the houfe, I made Jack hold him down, and then, with the allillancc of a pair of bullet-moulds, in about three hours time, I extracled moll of them. Some were broken too Ihort to take hold of, and I drew out feveral by their points, which had penetrated quite through the roof his moulh and the cartilage of his nofe. The morning was dull till nine o' clock, at which time it began to fnow, drift, and blow very iiard indeed; attended with cutting iroll, which made me entertain great fears for the boy; well knowing, that his rcfolution and obedience were fuch, that he would rather perlevere on his journey, if poflible, than run the rilk of difplealing me by turning back; in which cale he would inevitably have been loft, as the diflance from this place is at leall fourteen miles, and every inch of it is over bleak ice: at the fame time it w;is im[)onible (or him to fee more than ten yards before him. We fmged the porcupine, and made a good foup of it. It blew, fnowed, and drifted exceedingly hard, with fliarp frofl all day. Early in the morning I went over the hills to Petty Harbour, from whence I faw our two furriers returning. As I was llrik- ■'■t THE THIRD VOYAGE. 6i ing acrol's the country to meet them, I came on the frefh flot of feme deer, and had not followed far before my greyhound had April, them in the wind, and led mc to the top of tlie hill, Avhere I met with a brace of old Hags, and killed one at the dillance of a hundred and twenty yards. Leaving him there, I returned back to the houfc, where I found our people, and fent them with the fled and dogs for the deer, but they returned at night without finding him. The furriers reported, that on Sunday laft they met with the footing of a wolf which had had one of Coghlan's traps on his foot for a month pufl:, and that they fol- lowed him fo lur into the country they could not return at night ; but fortunately met with the houfe of one of Coghlan's fealing-crews, where the bad weather had detained them ever fince. I killed a brace of fpruce-game with my rifle. Early in the morning I went with the people for the deer, 'i '^uff'^ay 6' and fcnt one of them and Jack home with him on the lied. £ Jj^raic. Dull till ten o'clock, it then began to fnow and drift very hard. /"'""s- FriJ.iy 7. S. F. frr/h Crokc walked round Porcupine Hill, and I wiy.ii to the foulh cafh point of the harbour; the water bcinij open, I faw many winter-ducks ; alfo one (lock of king-duck>, wiiichare the lirit I have heard of this year. Squally, with much Ihow and drill. Croke and I ^vent to the fouth call point (jf the }u:i boar, and ^""^''^y §• made a deathfall lur a fox. We law many ilo^ks oi ducks, and ^r one faddleback, and had a fine courfe after a fox, but loil him. f^- "'• Cloudy weather, and the fuow very wet and lotLcn. mcdirau, I fent Croke to the head of Deer Ilaibour, at which place he Si""%9- faw the frefli Hot of three deer, and the tracks of two wob/cs • ■''"''^' following them. I went all over Porcupine Hill, and in the -f'^l^' coi.u"fe 62 4 -> >775- April, THE THIRD \'OYAGE. courfe of the day killed a porcupine and a groufe. At night Michael Bryan returned with the (led, and informed me, tiiat he and Jack loft thcmfelvcs on Thuriday, when it blew liard with fiiow and drift, but they got into Mary Harbour that night, and arrived at Stage Cove on Friday. It drifted till noon and was cloudy and clear by turns after- wards. I !f -it 1^ II Hi it Tuefday u. £, nodtrate. Monday lo. Crokc, Inow-bliiid. Bryan brought the deer's feet and If J s. mcdaate. pauHch for tlic dogs. I wcnt to Petty Harbour Bay, where I faw a vaft number of ducks, and killed three groufe and a fpruce-game with my rifle ; taking two of the former in a line with each other, I cut both their heads off, at fifiy yards diftancc. Hazy weather. At feven o'clock I fet off homewards, on my Nefcaupick fled by myfelf, leaving the people to remain theie for the reft of the week. I found it very bad hauling for the dogs, the fnow being wet; but having four in it, I was able tp ride moft of the way. I went into Cutter Harbour, and crofted from thence into Atkinfon Pond, which I continued all the way to Salt Cove. The hauling was very good on Charles Harbour, and I got home at four in the afternoon. Clear warm weather with free thaw till three o'clock; it then began to freeze fliarply. Jack vifited the traps, au J brought a crofs-fox and a duck. Sharp froll, a:id ckar all day. Thurfday 13. Jack Went to the traps but got nothing. I took a cruifc over vl^daatt. Lyon Head and Eyre llland, and, after a good courfe, killed a yellow loK. with a grc-yhound. In the evening two Nefcaupick Indians Wcdncf. 12, A', moderate, IV. frejh. lllil| lllilii>! * . ? THE THIRD VOYAGE. Indians brought us a Hed-load of venifon. York Fort came here to-day. Sharp froft, and hazy. 63 Two men from Snow, hail, and drift all day; it froze but little in the morn- ing, thawed at noon, and froze again at night. This morning the garrifon people went away. I fent the In- dian boy with my fmall fled to Fox Harbour, to bring my lug- gage and order the furriers home. The mountaineers accom- panied him ; their families being in that neighbourhood. Six hands came down from the Lodge for provifions, and flayed all night. Weather much the fame as yefterday. The ice being driven four or fiv'^e miles off fliore, three flocks of king-ducks were fecn flying to the northward. Mofl; of our people went to Great Caribou, launched the flciff which lay there, and went out in queft; of ducks, but got none. Another of them caught a cock groufe with a fnare, tied to the end of a flick, which he put over his head. His neck was beginning to change colour, as they always do at this time of the year. Jack and the furriers returned at night, A clear day, with fliarp froft. The furriers looked at their traps, and one of them moved his from Eyre Ifland to Wolf, and Salt Cove, and had part of a Avhitc fox ; the reft had been eat by another fox. The other furrier moved fome of his traps to Great Caribou. Variable weather. Two of our people being taken ill at the Lodge, the furgeon went up to them in the evening. The fun was very hot, and the weather mild. I began «775. April. Friday 1 4, IVindN.E. S. hard. Saturday 15* S.W. N. E. moderate. Sunday 16k IV, moderattt Monday 57, S. W. moderate^ pong. Tuefday 18,' variable, tittle. (.4 tiil: third \'Oyage. ( — -^ — , 177,';- April. M'l'diR'f. 11). iri„d ;V. A S. Viril'rt.L, h,iul. Thiirfday so. IV. S. IV. , rr'day si. Salnrday p.: j\'. A'. ;r. nxderalt. A'. W. /»;/■. Sundaj' 23. A'. Jlron^. Monday 24. A'. A'.. E. N. E. E. moderate. Tuefday 2j. 1 began to bring a new falmon net to the rope. Dull (ill noon, and then it began to fnow, hail and raui,. at- tended witli IWvcr thaw. I finifhcd the lalmon net. A clear day with gentle froll. I went upon Curlew-Hill and killed a groufe with my rifle. Croke went round his traps, but got nothing. Foggy and mild. At fix o'clock I went out in a fkiff with four hands and tried Camp and Round I Hands for foxes, but could not find any. "We faw a few flocks of ducks, but they kept too far off. I brought home the hatchet helves which had been cut at Birchy Cafcade lafl winter. Some f well came in to day, which car- ried a good deal of ice out of the found. No ice to be fLcn at fea, except fome loofe drift fluff. A clear day. Charles Sound broke up as high as die lo'sver point of While- bear Sound on one fide, and to Little Caribou on tlic other. Croke liad a yellow fox. Cloudy, mild weather. Mr. Scott and the carpenter began co flop the leaks of the flore-houfe roof, with paper and boiled tar ; battening it on. Clear till noon, and dull afterwards. Mr. Scott and the carpcn'er at work on tlie flore-houH', which they flxiillied in the evening. The drift ice came in again. A dull day. ii Wedncf. a6. £. Jlrong, Some drift all day with fnow at times. It 65 «775- April. Tlmrfday 27« M'lnrf A'. E. f.. moders'ti THE THIRD VOYAGE. In the afternoon, I went out in a IkifF, with four hands, a duck-lhooting, and killed two, but got neither of them ; they fell among the drift ice, which is rlofe in to the fliore. We faw feveral fquarephrippers ; and a good many ducks were fly- ing to the northward. A clear day. At fun rife, I went in a IkifF to the Ibuth-eaft point of Great i fiJ^y aS. Caribou, and killed eighteen ducks; feventeen of them were ^)j^* king-ducks, the other an eider. id^'rat''. ^ duck-fhooting in the evening, and killed four, and a pair of fliellbirds; and had a marten in one of my traps on Otter Point. Foggy and cold. Sunday 1 4. S. W.JrtJh. littlt. TuefiLiy jG. A', moderate. At one o' clock I law fevcn deer on the ice going to the north- ward; five of them went upon Lyon Head, and took the water on the other fide : all himds went after them but could not get a fhot. Foggy and cold. Wednef. 1 7 . N. frejh. After breakfaft I went upon the barrens to watch for deer, but faw none. A herd of fix or more had crofled the head of the found early this morning, and gone northwards. Cloudy weather. I went 'm ■1019k «775« May. Thiirfday «8, S.£. modtraU, Friday ig, IV.fnJh. THE THIRD VOYAGE. 69 I went out at fix this morning and flayed till noon watching for deer, but did not meet with any fuccefs. One of our peo- ple killed a goofe. Cloudy weather. After breakfaft I went out again to watch, but llill nothing to be feen. Some of the feal-nets were fprcad on the ground. There is very little fnow left on the barrens now, but no appear- ance of the ice breaking up in the harbour. A clear day, with frofl at night. There was new ice this morning, three quarters of an inch ^"jJJ'J^y^* thick. I killed a pair of ducks from Otter Point. In the even- 'f„}h. ing a IkiflF came up from Seal Ifland, and brought me a letter from Mr. Darby, which came from Chateau in the fhallop that was juft returned from thence. We were informed by one of our people who returned from the lodge to-day, that the ice in the river was broken up as low as Barred Ifland. Dull weather, and hard frofl. I went out in a fkiff this morning to Battle Harbour and the adjacent Iflands, and killed thirty ducks and a pair of ladies. Clear weather. Sunday 27. N. E. frtjh. I went At nine o' clock I fet off in a fkiff for Chateau; but when I got to the cape there was fo much wind that wc could not pafs it. We flopped feme time at Hooper's pofl, where I knocked do^vn fix ducks, but got only one of them, and returned home at four in the afternoon. Some more feal-ncts were fpread on the ground. A clear day. We fpread fome more nets. At two o' clock this afternoon the ice in White-Bear Sound drove out in an entire fheet. A fkiff Monday 22 cam» S./mart. Tuefday 23. 5. W. modtratc. 70 iV «775' May. Wednef. a.{, irind S. (V, S. E. littlt. niE THIRD VOYAGE. (kiflp of Hooper's came up this afternoon, and brought the trap which a fox had carried out of the houfe on Round llland; they found it upon the ice, near the edge of the water. The frofl. was fo fharp lad night, that both founds v/ere co- vered with ice. At feven in the morning, I fct off in a IkitF, with four hands and Indian Jack, taking my kyack in tow, and intended going to Chateau to kill ducks; being very (hort of provifions. When wc drew near to Fouhveather Droke, I dii- covered five deer feeding clofe to the Ihore ; I landed, took my fhot gun and a rifle, crept up and killed an old hind with the former, and her calf with the latter. I then fent one man up the high hills, and went with the reft towards Lower 7'able. We foon found feven more deer at kcd, in a marlh by the large pond. After ftationing the people at the different pafTes along the valley which falls into Harbour Pleafure, I ciept up and killed another old hind, the reft then took the pafs which is next to the harbour, where the man who was llatioi;cd therf, killed a third, and wounded three more. He that went upon the high ground, hearing the report of the guiis, made for a pafs, which I had dircfted him to keep a ftrift eye on, and there met with four of them, and killed a male deer of two years old ; he had juft before feen four others, but could not get a fliot at them. Cne of thofe which was wounded, bled very freely; but, as we could not follow them without ftaying the night, and had already as much venifon as the boat could carry, I determined to return home; and fortunately wc had not a breadi of wind till wc got into Cape Harbour; had it come fooncr, we muft have thrown a deer or two over board, for the fl-Liff was laden down to the gunwale. IIo\/evcr we got fafe home with our very acceptable cargo about eleven o'clock at night, and on our return I added three fat ducks to it. The talf was not more than a hundred yards from me, but the "'^ fecond *?# 7« THE THIRD VOYAGE. fccond hind was above two hundred. Though fhe was fhot r—^ » through the heart, Ihe raw at ieaft fixty yards before (he drop- May.' ped. This proved a very fine day. I had the deer broke up, and the five carcafes with their '^^''f^^^ ^^' heads weighed five hundred and forty-five pounds. The hinds frljk. were all with calf, and two of them would have dropped theirs in about a week. The male deer had mewed one horn, but the others had not; hinds feldom mew till late in June. Dark, moift weather. We put moil of the venifon in pickle, and flowed tl t. ty-two feal-nets on the fcaffold. Hazy, dull weather, with a little rain in the afternoon, and fnow at night. Three hands came down from the Lodge; who reported that the river was clear to Flat Point, and broke in pans to Salt Point. They returned in the afternoon with twenty -eight pounds of venifon and fix ducks. It rained in the morning, was dull at noon, and fair the lat- ter part of the day . The ice in the harbour began to break off in pans. A fkiff of Coghlan's came here which had been at Chateau. Foggy' at the cape, but clear at this place. A fkiiT with fome of Hooper and Coghlan's people came lierc. Rain. We got fome more nets on the fcaffold. The ice parted from the fhore, from ihc moulh of the river Lo Enterprife Tickle, and a great deal went off. Rainy Friday 9.6. S. Jrtjk, Saturday 27, S. N. N. E. £. Utile. Sunday 28. S. pong. Monday 29, £. S. E. little. Tupfday 30, A', hard, moderate. llilji ml ! |l m n »775' May, Wednef. 31. WindN. W. S. N. E. little June. Thurfday I. S. S. E. Jr.Jh. Friday 2, variable, /rejh. Saturday 3, 5. E. Jrejli THE THIRD VOYAGE. Rainy morning, fair the reft of the day, and fharp frofl at night. A (kifF of Noble and Pinfon's called here in their way to St. Lewis's Bay, where they are going a rinding. A bridge of ice ftill remains acrofs the harbour, from the foot of Curlew Hill to Eyre Ifland. I Ihot a duck. A clear fine day. Atone this afternoon the bridge of ice, which remained acrofs the harbour gave way. The fhalloway having been trimmed a few days ago, I immediately fent up all hands, who launched and brought her to this place. A fhallop of Noble and Co. s called here in their way to Mary Harbour. It fnowed faft early this morning, was f'»ggy and moift from eight till two, and rained hard afterwards. Noble and Co.'s Ihallop failed for Mary Harbour. We got up the Otter's mafls, rigged her, and put three puncheons and forty-fix hogfheads of fait, befide other things on board, but we found her very leaky. The people came from the Lodge this afternoon, and I fent two of them back to remain there during the Summer. Warm, clear weather. Six hands went up the river for a raft of ilage-timber. The /eft of the people were employed in completing the Otter's loading. Patrick Fleming and three of his hands came down from St. Lewis's Bay; and informed me that the ice broke up yeftcrday. I immediately fitted out a falmon crew of four hands, and two coopers for the Colleroon, and fent a rind- ing crew of five hands, along with them up St. Lewis's Bay. Cloudy weather. At m THE THIRD VOYAGE. 78 )ift ';* :h\. At eight o'clock this morning I failed in the Otter, with five of our people and Indian Jack, for Alexis River and Sandwich Bay. At two we were abrcall of Port Charlotte; and the wind taking us a head, we worked to windward up Alexis River, as high as a fmall cove in Denbigh Ifland, oppofite to Sugar Illand, where we anchored at ten at night. I had been out in the fkiff, and fhot a goofe. The boat proved fo leaky, that the fpudgel * was fcarce ever out of hand. A fine clear day. Weighing at day-light, we towed and worked till eleven o'clock, and finding we gained nothing, came to an anchor again off the eaft head of Ship Harbour. I went off im- mediately in the punt with two hands up the river, landed at midnight oppofite to Grove Ifland, and lay down to fleep. Lafl night fcven hundred fpudgels of water, was thrown out of the boat in three hours. A fine clear day. r— ^^ 1 June. Sui^dav 4. mv'd S./r^Jh. Monday y, calm, w. N. ir. little, At At half pad three this morning, we rowed into Grove Tickle, where we found a boat's crew of Coghlan's, rinding; from them we learnt where our coopers lived, and arrived at their houfe at five o'clock. I found they had made five hundred and fifty bundles of hoops, and had caught twelve martens and one fox. The Mountaineer Indians, with whom we are ac- quainted, being on Nevile Ifland, I went there and got the fltins of ten martens, four foxes, four beavers, and three otters of them, in part of their debt to us. At noon, bringing the whole crew with me, I fet off for the Shalloway, and got on board her at four o'clock, and then fent one cooper and a ^^^- II* L youngfler * A fpudgel is a fmall fort of bucket, fixed to the end of a Haff; and is ufcd to baii boats with, when they have not a pump fixed in them. Tucfday C. W. S. IV. frrjh. S. n\ fitfn. 74 June. THE THIRD VOYAGE. youngfter back immediately in a flat, and failed for Sandwich Bay. At night we anclioied in Fifliing-fliips Harbour. One of the people faw frefh flot of deer, on the eaftern-moft iiland. A fine clear day. t |i''|i Wedncf. 7. Wind s. w. little. f„Jh. variable. At one o'clock this morning wq weighed, and, in towing out of the harbour through the eaflern- tickle, ftruck on a rock ; but, as we had very little wind, and fniooth water, the boat received no damage. At four in the afternoon we were abreaft of Stoney Ifland; we ran round the fouth end of it, and came to an anchor at the fouth-well corner, in a very wild place ; but I did not know ^vhere to find a better fituation, as we were un- acquainted with the place ; and the wind having taken us ahead, prevented our weathering the Ifland. The main body of jam ice being not more than four miles off, rendered it very dan- gerous to keep the fea ; nor could we proceed much higher, as the upper parts of the bay were not yet free from ice. As foon as the boat was moored, I went off in the flciff to look for eggs, and fearch for a fafer place, but was difappointed in my expectation. However it was feme confolation to us, that John Hayes, the boatfmaftcr, killed four ducks, a goofe, a black- diver and a lord. As we had but little wind, for fome time before we came in, I went o^F in the fl-iifloccafionally and tried for fifh, but found the water fo deep, that I often could not find the bottom with a whole line, within a few yards of the fliorc ; which 'vve found very high all the way fro.n f ifliing- fliips Haibour. '1 he weather was delightfully fine all day. ■^''^rl'.'^'.^ At four this morning we weiq-hed and went to fea. I went A. A. iV, "^ '~ i''-'i'- off in the fliilF, with four hands, to take a view of the iflands S, A'. £. moderate. calm. THE THIRD VOYAGE. on the outfide of Stoney Ifland ; the krgcfl of which forms a very fine harbour for fmall vtnels, between it and Stoney Illand. It runs N. E. and S. W. has a fair, narrow entrance at each end, but widens in the nnddle by a cove in the fmall Uland, on which we found a hind and calf. I fliot the hind, and then lying down clofe to her, caught the calf by a leg as it came to fuck. Obferving the drift ic: to draw nearer in Ihore, and it being calm, I went out to the Ihalloway and towed her into this harbour. I then fent two men to take a cruife o\'er Stoney liland, and gave them but one gun. I foon perceived one of them throwing (loncs at an old hind, which Hood her ground in a defenfive pollurc. The novelty of the fight fur- prifedme greatly, as I could not account Ibr it; I immediately went over with the dogs, and we foon caught the calf alive and drove the hind into the water, where the reilof the people pur- fued with the Ikilf and killed her. I then learned, that as foon as they had got to the top of the firll hill, they difcovered thefe deer, feeding on the oilier lide of it, and that one of them returned toinform me, whilll the other attempted to get a (hot. The deer perceiving him, ran round the hill and coming clofe pall the other man, he broke the under jaw of the calf with a (lone; upon which it lay down: and the affection of the dam was fo great, that fhe would not quit it, although he hit her fe- veral times with fuch force, that I could hear the found of the ftones. The calf was not more than two or three days old, and judging it impoflible to keep it alive, we killed it; but it proved very indifferent meat. At eight o'clock at night, the wind (hifting fuddenly and blowing a hard gale, the boat went round her anchor, fouled it, and drove. We let go the other, and brought her up jud as Ihe was going afhore; after which we moored her fafe. A great number of feals were feen, beatino- back to the northward. We had the pleafure to find that the boat made much lefs water. A fine day. L 2 At 75 1775- June. taliKi IV. s. ir. moderate. m N. hard' 76 »775- June. Friday g, mild H.Jlrong. noitrate. Saturday 10. W. byS,. N. A'. ;r. ■^uderatt. liuU, s. s. w little ralm. Sunday 1 1 , S, S. IV. littlt: S.E. •VH]L THIRD VOYAGt. At noon 1 lent two men a (hooting on Stoney Ifland, and they returned at five o'clock with a ptarmigan, and reported that no ice was in fii^ht to the northward; but, that to the fouthward it was jammed in upon the ihore. We got fome wood and water on board and at night unmoored. From the great plenty of vcnifon which we got here, I named this, Vcnijon Harbour ; and the linall illand \vbich makes it, Venifun IJland. The boat leaks fo little now that we can keep her free with cafe. It fnowcd hard all the morning, and the day was dull. At three this morning \vc weighed and went to fea. At fix, the wind Ihifting we worked in among the Seal Klands, and came to anchor in a narroTv tickle, open to the S. S. W. As I difliked that place I immediately went off in the IkitF, to find a paflage' through the G.^ I Hands, (which arc very numerous,) and a good harbour. I found both, and obferved, that the coaft was clear for about four miles ofl- fliore ; but, that all beyond that was one continued jam ol ice. 1 landed on feveral iflands and got thirty two eggs and Ihot hx ducks. At four o'clock a breeze fprang up and we got under fail, but it foon after failed and we came to a;|ain, in an excellent Pll'quimau harbour. A fine day. This morning at five o'clock we got under fail, and, as there was not much wind, I lent four hands, and Jack in my kyack, to vifit the final) illands which lay a head of us. As the fealbn is very backward, eggs are fcarce yet; therefore they met with only one hundred and thirty-live. The people having feen a hare, 1 went on ihore and killed her; fiie proved of the white fort and had five young ones in her; which is one more than I ever obferved, or heard oi before. This fort, in my opinion, ought rather to be called the mountain, than the polar hare; as I hav.e feen them on the heathy mountains in Ireland and Scot- land, THE THIRD VOYAGE. n »775. Juue. Wind N. N. E. N. £. Itttlt, calm. N. littk. land, ^vherethey are common: and I have been told, that they are to be found upon Chiviot Hills; but I could never learn that the common hare ever frequented thofe lofty fituations. At fix at night we anchored in a cove, in a fmall bay at the eaft end of the Ifle of Ponds, pretty well defended from the eafterly winds by fome iflands, called the Difmal Iflands, and land- locked from every other. Jack took a cruife in my kyack, and foon returned with information, that there were a brace of flags on a point which proje6ts into the middle of the bay. I went after them in the kyack, followed by the fkilf, which made fo much noife, that they went off before I could land. In the night, a large pan of ice drove foul of us, and pinned us in the cove. A fine, clear, warm day. The ice prefling hard upon us, we vercdclofer in fhore, and Monday 12^. put one third of the cargo out on the ice; but having fixteen ^J*'"*"^* inches of water to fpare at low water, we took the cafks in again. The ice ftill forcing us further in, at eleven at night the boat grounded and lay along very much ; yet, by the help of hard, the fore haulyurd made fafl; to a rock, we got her over to the other lide, where Ihe was fupportcd by a pan of ice and fat al« moll oil an even keel upon flat rocks. Hard fnow and fliarp frofl all day and night. At noon, the boat grounded again, and the cafks of fait prcfTcd [o hard againfl her fides as to force tlicm open. She fjjrung her main thwart, and drew both that and the partner tlivvart off from the gunwhale on the Ilarboard fide ; when the mafl, which was very heavy, heeling to the other, I cxpefted flie would have fallen abroad. We immediately fixed the main haulyards to a rock ; and by fo doing, fupported the mafl and gave her great cafe. As foon as fhe was afloat, we landed four hogflieads TueWay 13, N. hard galesi 78 rilE THIRD VOYAGE. \_ June. hogllicaclsori)roacl, Oiic cmply hogfliaid, and a griiidlioiu.'; and put fourteen liogllKads of fait upon a pan of ice. We then bored holes throu.;h her hdes with an anger, drew them in, ajid laflied them round the main mad wiih radnie, and by pafHng i': through the thwarts, \vc fecured them at the fame time. At high water the ice prelled exceedingly hard upon us. It fro/.e, fnowed, and drifted very nmch all day. We picked up Ibnie drift-wood, with \\hich we made a lire by the fide of a rock; but, even with this accommodation, we were flarved, and much difpirited in our fituation: for we expected to lofe the boat; our fkiff would not carry moje than hve ; and wc were full fixty miles from the nearcil inhabited i-lace within our knowledge. Wcdnef. t!4, mvd A'. iara gaits. At feven this morn'n'T, (In- larboaid bowfafl parted, and the cleat of the lirge rojti uas ctriKd a'.vay. The large ice with- out us, being iuj\x hiukv-ii ja piv,v,v.s, prtiTed harder than ever. At eleven, i];c Look the ground in a very ugl) manner, hanging between a rock on one fide and a pan of ice on the other; and it was out of our power to relieve her, as the ice was about leven feet thick. Weather much the fame as before. 'L ■)■ Tliurrday J 5, A^ Jlrong. moderate. Itttle, Jrejh. Jkart. At noon I took a walk on the ifland, killed a groufe with my rifle, and had a good courfi^ after a hare. At half flood I return- ed, when, the boat being afloat and the wind confiderably aba- ted, with incredible labour and difficulty, and not without much danger, we warped the veflcl through the ice, got under fail and worked farther off. She got fuch a fqueeze lafl; night, as to prove fo leaky this morning, that we could hardly keep her a float. I fent the fkiflF in for the fmall anchor, but, not be- ing able to get at it, they cut the road and left it. By midnight we had got almofl i\\ on board again, except the fait ; it then began to blow fmart agam, and we weighed and ran round the point into fiatteau Harbour. At IlilN- THE THIRD VOYAGE. 79 At one this morning, we anchored in Batteau Harbour, and at fix, oblcrving the niain jam coming fad upon us, even againll a tVcfli of wind, I fent the fkifF on fhore to bring off what ever they could get, acrofs the neck ; and before Ihe re- turned we were obhged to weigh and put to fea, and had but jult time to pafs, between a point and the ice. The fkiff joined us foon after and brought my kyack, but left the reft of the things and a bloodhound behind. They reported, that the whole co\'e, which I named Devil's Cove, was full of drift ice; and that the flat pans among which we had lain, were driven on fliore by the former ; confequ" atly, had we not got out juft as we did, the boat muft have been crufhed to pieces. At ten o'clock we anchored in Porcupine Harbour, and foon after fliiftcd our birth to the mouth of the north brook, where we moored ^vilh a fliorc fall ; having now but one anchor. I had a falmon-nct put out, and fliot a goofe. This brook has lately been much frequented by deer and black bears. The boat very leaky. Some fnow to-day, and the weather remarkably cold. «77S. June. Friday i6. IVindN.K.E. /mart: The boat leaked lefs water than yefterday by one half. Saturday 17. It rained all day, and fnowedin the evening, with very cold ^■ ^ N. N. E.^ hard. ^vcather. 1 put out an ottertrap, hauled the net and had a large fea ^""^^^ '^* trout in it. A black bear had chewed the inner mooring of y^r ^ the net all to pieces; I took it up in the evening and hung a P^»r.- 'odiilh in a fniall tree for the bear. A rainy morning, a dull day, and clear evening-. (dm. At day-light I fent one of the people on fliore to watch the Monday 10.. bear : at five he called on me, and faid, that thiec large bears ^' ^'"''* were on the weft fide of the brook. I went on (hore immediate- /"Jt- \y anU faw two but they croffed the brook, and I could not get near h: fit 111 i f n ■li • i ii "'I- I'll. »775- June. Tuefday 20. A'. E. Jvrjh. V. W. frtjh. Wednef. 3i« tt. E. K. frtjh. If. N. IV liuU, HiurfJay as. M £. frtJh. e. Jr'JIit FriJay 23. N.R. S. S. E. THE THIRD VOYAGE. near them. I waded throu;^;h the \vater up to my middle, and was near being carried down by the rapidity of the current : and the water was fo cold that my blood was almofl ilag- natcd. In the evenmg 1 talk d a gun for llicni. Much ice ^rove into the mouth of the harbour. There was a thick fog all daj , and a fliarp frofl; at night. At noon I went to the weflern brook : it appeared very frnall for a (almon fifliery. It can ca;:ly be Hopped as a few nets will do, and thofe not deep. I tailed a trap at the mouth of the brook for an otter. II; fo li.»,«' the ire v/.i'; F: a. a a hill on the Ifle of Ponds he coul * . • t!'..U Ilocky Bay was entirely full, and that it extended fio . liattcau Harbour to the Seal Iflands fouthwards. He went to Battcau Harbour, got nine of the hogfheads of fait on fhorc, and brought away the empty hogs- head, the trefshoops and grindRonc, but could not find the bloodhound. No water tobefccn in the ofllng. I fent the fkiff out again, and the people killed two whabbies which had fome frelh caplin in them. Two hands made a bear-houfc at the mouth of the wellern brook, and tailed a gun in it. I went to the mouth of the north brook to watch geefe, and killed a pair. One man walked into the country to the N. W. and retln-ned in the evening with a porcupine. We put the falmon net out again. Foggy in the morning, and cloudy afterwards. I walked over the hills on the S. E. fide of the harbour. The ice is flill clofe into the fhore both ways, but no great breadth ; and to the northward of Indian Ifland it feemed clear. I re- turned _.^< ,, ■»***« «a ■ -'.a-'sui- -.jittivr:. I , ,,.., //// /V X.V V/ /',/,/ a A. .'*^:>^^''*' A, ^'V«' .^-/^ 1. OIRS BRITN ( ' /I.,. ' r/^l^ ^ ||HI M w 1: '\. il Ht<:<«; Jl ^1 ;^:^l ■ ■'/'• calm. T^ ill !i - I* # ^ 1 *775' J"iy- Thurfday 27, calm N. E: Friday 28. £. frefi. Saturday 29. Sunday 30. fr'Jh infiurries. Monday 31, variable, tittle. Augiift. Tuclday 1. calm. S. m frejh. N. N. E. Squally; calm. THE THIRD VOYAGE. Having landed fome of the goods, I had al! the nets taken up, becaufe they were badly fet, and put out a new one Clear till feven, and then rain. ,i , We put out two more nets, made live buoys for them, caught one tierce and a half of filh, unloaded the Otter, and calked and payed the larboard fide of her. A cloudy day. We put out two more nets, cut fluff for building a fifliermen's houfe, killed one hundred and fixty filh, corked one net, and made three buoys. Cloudy till noon, and then hard rain came on. We put out two more net', took up two, and * boated two. We fet up the frame of the lilhc-imcji's houfe, packed five tierces of fifh, (a punchcot; contains two tierces and a half; a hogfhead, one and a quarter) and caught two hundred and three filh; alfo, had a fp " of ground d ig, fowe J fome radilh and tur- nip feeds, and fet fome cabbage-plants which I brought from Charles Harbour. We ftarted feveral tierces of fait, fludded part of the houfe, killed one hundred and thirty filh, put out another net, and boated three. A very hot day, with hard rain in the evening. We fludded part of the houfe, put out two more nets, mended fome others in tlie water, and killed one hundred and fifty-eight filh. Thefe ten nets, each of which are forty fathoms long, are faflened to the end of each other, and extend quite acrofs the river; and they are fet in acute angles, by moorings both above and * To boat a net, is, to lake it into a boat and put it out immediately in the fame place. ill THE THIRD VOYAGE. and below, that the ftream may take the lefs effeft on them. I faw a hind and calf go up the oppofite fide of the river. A clear hot day, and in the evening we had a heavy thunder ftorm; but it was not of long continuance: the night was fair. 95 »775- Augull. Wednef. a. ttini (aim. Four hands were at work on the houfe till five in the even- ing, when they were driven off by rain; they afterwards picked oakum. We caught one hundred and fixty-feven filh, and packed four tierces. At noon I went up the river, landed on the eaft fide, about half a mile above Friend's Point, and w^dk- jv. /r'A ed to the top of a fmall hill, from whence I had a good view of the furrounding country. I obferved a very fine lake, about three miles long, and one broad, lying on the fouth river, a mile higher up. By the fide of the eaft river, there were fome large marflics ; and moft of the adjacent country is covered with good birch, fit for making hoops and flaves: the whole had a beautiful appearance ; and particularly fo at this time of the year, when birches have a richer, and more lively appear- ance than fpruces or firs. Nor are the hills either fo high or fo llecp as in moft parts of this country, and they are divided by a variety of little brooks and rills, which adds to the beauty of the profpeft. A foggy morning; it was clear during the middle of the day, and rained hard in the evening. Four hands were ftudding the houle, and the others were Thurfdays. mending fome of the nets in the water. They ulfo corked a new one, and killed tv/o hundred and forty filh. Foggy andmoift till one o'clock, fair and clear afterwards. £-modtrate. cairn. N. A'. E. Having finiflied the ftudding of the houfe, we covered it in, and partitioned off a room for fait; packed fix tierces, killed two hundred and twenty-five falmon, and a trout ; lUch a one as Friday 4. 96 THE THIRD VOYAGE. ^775- Auguft, Wind N. N. IV. /'■!/'• Saturday 54 IV, N. IV. N.E. N.fujh. Sunday 6, N.W.freJh. ialm. Monday 7. N. frffi. as neither 1 nor any of our people had ever leen before; it was of a lead colour; the flefh was very pale, the Ikin was like that of a tench, and it had no Icales, but marked as if it had plenty of very fmall ones; the belly was white, and it had two rows of fmall red fpots, juft perceptible, do^vn each of its fides: the Indian boy called it a "fait- water-trout," and faid, the rivers to the northward had plenty of them. In the evening I killed a loon in the water, at a hundred yards diftance, with my rifle. I faw the fir ft baked apples. A fine day. We longered part of the falt-room, got eighty rinds, packed five tierces of filh, and killed one hundred and twenty. I had the trout boiled; the flefli proved white when dreffed, but was flabby and tough, and not well flavored. In the forenoon cap- tain Dykes and I went into the woods in fearch of ftocks and rinds; we found plenty of both, and great abundance of raof- chetos, which bit us intolerably. Cloudy all day, and rained in the afternoon. We killed ninety -feven fifh, and got thirty nitches of rinds. In the forenoon I went down the river in my kyack, landed on the north fhore, about half a mile below, and rummaged the woods there ; I found fome fmall fpots of ftocks, and a good many rinds ; alfo, two of Jofeph Friend's traps, and faw the frefh track of a black-bear; which I followed to the narrows, but could not get fight of him. A cloudy day, with a clear evening and night. We killed a hundred and twelve fifli, and got thirty-two nitches of rinds. After breakfaft, captain Dykes and I went in my canoe to the head of Hinchingbrook Bay ; we proceeded a mile farther up to a fmall brook, intending to get into a large pond. THE THIRD VOYAGE. 97 pond, which I had obferved from the top of the hill on the feventh ult. about two miles in the country, and fuppofed that it emptied itfelf by that brook; but we now found that it lies upon the fouth river. We met with two fmall ponds on that brook, with an old beaverhoufe in each. The canoe was (battered in fucha manner, that we had great difficulty in get- ting her home, and were conftantly in fear of her finking under us. I had farther the misfortune to lofe a pint filver tumbler out of my pocket. We found fo me large ftocks, a large trap which Jofeph Friend had left, and my pocket-telefcope, which I loft the fixth of laft month. We faw both frefh and old tracks of wolves on the north (hore of the bay. On our return, we were informed, that a hind and calf had crofled the river, below the falmon-poft, and that Jack purfued them in my kyack, but could not overtake them. A cloudy, mild day. We caught a hundred and thirty-two fiOi, and got twenty- two nitches of rinds. A clear, warm day. We got fixteen nitches of rinds, covered in part of the dwel- ling-houfe, caught fixty-three fifti, and packed three tierces. After breakfaft I went in my kyack, up the South River, into the lake; by the fide of which were feveral fmall, fandy beach- es, and jdl of them were much tracked with black-bears. On one, I faw fome flot of deer, and on another, the track of a wolf; the reft of the fliore was covered with alders, and wil- lows. Moft of the land near the waterfide is low, and the whole country around feems likely to produce beavers, provided there were a number of fmall ponds fit for them to ere£l their houfesin. I obferved, that the lake is much fubjeft to floods, owing to the narrownefs of the river at the bottom of Vol. II. O it >775- Auguft. Wind N. /rtjh. calK. Tuefday 8. W', moderale. Wednef. 9. talm. N.N.W. frcfi. S.fmart. calm. 9^ THE THIRD VOYAGE. r" »775. Augult. Tlmrfday lo. calm. N. frejfi. calm. Friday 1 1. calm. W. frefn. calm. it. I fliould have gone quite round it, but found too much wind. I returned at night. A very fine day. . . . > . .= ••. , > . We got fixteen nitches of rinds, killed forty-nine fifli, and packed ten tierces. After breakfad I took two large traps in my kyack, and went into the lake, where I tailed them on dif- ferent beeches, for black-bears. In going up a ftioot in the river, was very near being upfet ; and (hould certainly have been drowned, if I had. A black-bear was feen oppofite to the falmon-pofl; to-day. At night we hauled the Otter off into the llream, and moored her. Clear hot weather. We got twenty nitches of rinds, packed two tierces of good fifli and three out of the bulk, (a great quantity of fifh being faked in that manner for want of calks) we filled four punch- eons and a hogfhcad out of the bulk, and killed Jtbrty-eight fifh. Weather as yellerday. Saturday j2. Wc cut a hundrcd ftuds for my dwelling-houfe, filled one puncheon and three hoglheads out of the bulk, killed forty- 5. w. frfjh. eight fifli, covered in the remainder of the fifherman's houle, and put the dry nets into it. I cut the ends of my left thumb and fore finger, very much, with a cooper's adze. Exceflively hot all day. Sunday 13. calm. S. W.frtjh, We repacked the rinds which were below Rafberry Point, took up five nets, killed twenty-feven fiih, and packed four- teen tierces. Early in the morning I went in my kyack, and vifited the traps, one of them had taken a bear by the nofe, but he had cfcaped, and the other had been robbed by a marten. Weather as yellerday. We THE THIRD VOYAGE. 99 «775- Aiigaft. Monday 14. fVind calm, variablt. Utrit, capn. Wc cut a hundred fluds, caught eighteen fifh, filled four hogfhcads out of the bulk, took up three nets and put a new one out. (We have now but two out, which arc placed angu- larly on the fouth fhore.) In the morning captain Dykes went up to the tra)>Li ; one of them had been ftruck up and turned over by abeuj, and the other had been robbed by a marten. He frefh tailed and baited them both and at night went a fe- cond time, when he found the nearefl; carried into the wood by a bear, which had gotten out again; owing to the traps ha- ving no teeth. Cloudy weather with fmall (howers of rain during the day, and much rain during the night. AVc cut a hundred ftuds, repacked the rinds which are op- pofite to the falmon-poft, killed feven fifh, packed five tierces and filled a puncheon and three hogfheads out of the bulk. Early in the morning I went down the river and watched till noon for a bear, which had been there for three nights pafl near the ftuds ; and after dinner I went in my kyack into the lake, removed the farthermoft trap to the other, and lat watch- ing them all night. Clear hot weather. At fix this morning I returned without having feen any thing. Wedacf. 16. In the courfe of this day we felled a fufficiency of timber for my intended houfe; packed fix tierces, filled a puncheon, and three hogfheads out of the bulk, and killed fix fifh. In the evening captain Dykes went up to the traps ; one of them, he faid, was carried away into the woods by a bear, and he could not find it. A cloudy day. Tucfciay ig, (aim. N. fr^Jh. calm,. W. fnjh. calm. We packed twenty tierces, filled four hogfhcads and half a ThufJiy 17. puncheon out of the bulk, and killed thirteen fiih. In the O 2 forenoon too THE THIRD VOYAGE. ill ii ! yl •775- AtijjuD. ; ilm. iriJay iH. IV. S. W. mcJerate. Saturday 19. tf.S, W. nudtraU, Snniiay co. forenoon I wcni up the river in my kyack, and took two men, the greyhound and a Newfoundland dog in the punt, to hunt for tlic bear. We got the punt into the lake without much dif- ficulty, and found a yearling dog-bear fad by both hind legs, in tliat trap which captain Dykes faw lad night; the other was not moved, but Dykes was near being caught in it himlelf. After bailing the bear for fomc time, to enter the dogs, I (hot it through the head and brought it, and both the traps down with us. On our return wa Ikinned the bear, which proved in good condition for the time of the year. A clear day. The head and carcafs of the bear weighed fixty-two pounds, and we had fome of him roafted for dinner. We filled three hoglheads, alfo a puncheon and a half out of the bulk, which were all that remained, and killed eleven filh. In the evening ; I had fome provifions and other things put on board the Otter. It rained all day. We began at day-light to put every thing which was intend- ed to go from this place on board the Otter; we then weighed and wrrped down to Hoop-pole Cove, where the rinds and wood lay, and got all the former, with one long-boat load of the latter on board: alfo, I had the new fkiff repaired, calked, pay'd and brought up. A cloudy day, with rain in the afternoon. At day-light, hauled the Otter along fide the fhore, got out a pair of Ikids, and at noon completed her lading ; when finding her very leaky, we put a long-boat full of wood out again : but not being able to get at the leak, we reladed the wood, and at two o'clock, taking the new IkifF alfo, we failed for Cartwright Harbour. A little below the narrows I fent the Otter for- wards 101 «775' Auguftt THE THIRD VOYAGE. wards, and went in the fkiflF, with captain Dykes and two hands, io explore the weft fide of the bay. We rowed along Ihore to a fmall peninfula in Cooper's Cove, where we made a fire and lay by it. By the way we faw plenty of hoop-poles, and fe- veral good rubbing places. A fine day, but rained in the night. At five in the morning we fet ofi' again, and foon came to Monday 21. the mouth of a large river, which I named Eagle River, from Ji„, feeing feveral of thofe birds by the fide of it. The mouth be- ing very (hallow, I fent the fkiflF to the point on the north fide, and went up in my kyack to the head of the tide ; which I found broad, rapid, and difcharging a deal of water; the fides were bounded by high, rocky hills, well covered with wood, appearing to be much frequented by falmon and bears, but dif- ficult to filh; nor did I fee a proper place for buildings to be crefted upon. Returning to the IkifF, we rowed round a (harp point, which I named Separation Point, into another large river, to which I gave the name of White-Bear River; the mouth of which is full of fand banks. At four in the afternoon we got to the head of the tide, where a fmaller ftream falls in; and a little higher, there is a moft beautiful cataraft, the perpendicu- lar fall of which is about fourteen feet, with a deep pool under- neath. It was fo full of falmon, that a ball could not have been fired into the water without ftriking fome of them. The fliores were ilrewed with the remains of thoufands of falmon which had been killed by the white-bears, many of them quite frelh ; and fcores of falmon were continually in the air, leaping at the fall ; but none of them could rife half the height. The country all round is full of bear-paths, leading to the fall. We watched there till dark, but faw no beall of any kind. Return- ing to the mouth of the fmall river, we made a fire under a high, fandy hill, and lay there. The day was fine, but it rained moft part of the night. At iittk. 102 THE THIRD VOYAGE. >775- AuguD. Tuefday 22. ir. fujh. Jirong, moderate. At day-light the greyhound awoke us by barking; we jump- ed up and ibund it was at a biack-bcar, wiiicii was at the iuot of the bank. He immediately ran oft', when one olour people going about fifty yards from the relling place, came clofe upon a large wolf, and was glad to make a fpcedy and I'afe retreat. Captain Dykes and I inftantly went after him, and faw the beall not far from the fame fpol: when I fent a ball at him, and laid it clofe to his heels. We then walked to the cata- ratt, but faw nothing. Returning to the boat, we put our things in and were juft going oft", when I perceived a wolf coming up on the other fide of the river, and expcded he would have come within fliot ; but he turned oft" on winding the fmoke. About a mile below, we faw a large ftag crolling the river, and I purfued him in my kyack ; but he winded me, and galloped off" into the woods. At the mouth of the river, we landed and walked round a flat, fandy point ; cover- ed with tall bad wood, to the mouth of a fmall brook, whicli comes down a \'allcy from the northward, clofe under the foot of Mealy Mountains and on the weft fide of them ; ihc bed of this brook is a fine, white quickfand. Near the mouth of tlie brook we faw a pair of doves, and I killed one with my rifle ; it was much like a turtle dove and fed on the berries of the Empetrum Nigrum. I never heard of fuch a bird in the coun- try before, and I believe they are very fcarce. Returning to the boat, we failed for Cartwright Harbour, and had much wind and fea in crofting the bay, which is twelve, or thirteen miles broad in that part. I found the Otter arrived and un- loaden. It rained till fix this morning, but the reft of the day was fair. Wednef, 23. A'.£. We ballafted the flialloway, pitched my tent, made a tilt for the people, dug a fpot of ground and planted fome cabbages in it. In the morning, one of the people walked aloag fliore to the H)S >773. Aiiguft. ffind S. (aim. THE THIRD VOYAGE. the head of the harbour, and there faw five deer feeding ; he returned and informed me, but they were gone before I could get to the place. I found fome good deer paths, and obferved, that the white-bears frequently walked along the fliore. At eight in the evening, the Otter failed for Charles Harbour. A very fine day. At eight o'clock this morning, recolleding that I had not ThurfJiy 24. much to do here at prefent, and that it would be more conve- nient for me to go to Charles Harbour now than hereafter, I put a few clothes into the fkiff, took all hands and rowed after the Otter ; knowing (he could not be far off, as there had been but very little wind ever fince (he failed. In an hour I boarded her, abreaft of Goofe Cove, and then fent the Ikiffback. We worked to windward all day, and at fevcn in the evening anchored in Blackguard Bay, near Slink Point. Dark cloudy weather. S. /rffi, S. by E. yhart, . At two o'clock this morning, came on a gale of wind with rain; at half pall four, it being then light and the fea running fo high as to endanger our foundering, we attempted to haul up, but could not purchafe the anchor; we theu cut it away, ran through Wellern Tickle into Iflhmus Bay, and got to fea through the fouth-eafl paflage. We had a very dangerous and great lea from Green Illand to Cape North, and alfo otf Indian Illand ; and as captain Dykes obftinately perfifled in keeping too much to the fouthward, we could but jufl clear it. At eleven o'clock we came to an anchor off the fouth-eafl; end of the Ifle of Ponds to hoifl; in the longboat, having towed her at the rate of nine miles and a half, an hour, the whole time. As foon as Ihe was in, we hauled up again; and in fo doing, fell upon an inland-rock, which lies near that place, but got off immediate- ly and came to fail. From thence, to the north-well end of Sandy Friday 2^ A'. F. hard. exc-JJivt harii ncdcrali li f ;i ™ I 104 «775- Augufl. Wind littU. Saturday s6. IV. N. W. /r*Jk. tiariabU, iitlU. THE THIRD VOYAGE. Sandy Kland ; wc had a great fca, and the boat went tin ough it at fuch a rate, that flie did not leave a dry thread cither in her fails, or on our backs. Having paflfed that, we had fmooth water; and, ten minutes before two, came to an anchor ip Efquimau Harbour, where wc moored with u tow-line to each fhore. A cloudy day, with frequent heavy fqualls, but the night proved fine. A quarter before five, having hoiiled the boat in, we hauled up and made fail ; at half pall four in the afternoon, being abreafl of Alexis River, and the wind taking us ahead, wc bore up and ran for it, in order to take in the remainder of our hoops ; and at eight o'clock we anchored on the Ibuth-fide of Cartwright Ifland. A clear day. At four this morning we cam> to fail. We faw a hind fwim- ming from the fmallell Nevile Ifland to the fouth Ihore ; I pur- fued her in my kyack, and was within two lengths of turn- ing her, when Ihe landed and ran into the woods. A little higher, I landed and walked over the neareft ridge of hills ; but finding only thick birch woods, which were very bad to walk in and the flies ready to devour me, I made for Beaver Brook ; and turned from thence along fhore to the cooper's houfe, where the Otter had already arrived. We took in what hoops were left, cut a load of fire- wood, and brought it on board in the long boat. A cloudy day. Monda 28 ^ ^^"' ^^ people ott fliorc early in the morning, who w. brought on board two loads of firing; and at eight o'clock we *• ^' made fail for Charles Harbour, where we arrived at night. I found Sunday 27. S.W.freJh. tV.fre/h. lOJ •77.5. mi>/i v.- N. IV. tnodtratc, iiefJjy 2ff, IF. frejht THE THIRD VOYAGE. found here, our brig Lady Tyrroni^cl, David Kinloch madcr, which arrived from Quebec yeflcrday. Cloudy day. Wc landed the bread, Iloui, and llavcs from liic brig, and T then hauled her olf from the wharf. We laid the ihip on Ihore by the flern to examine her rudder irons, and found them bet- ter than we expefted: at night we got her off, and into her birth again. I killed three curlews. A clear day. This morning I failed for Chateau, in a fhallop of Hooper's, Wcdncf. 30. and arrived there at one in the afternoon, I then went on board ^■ the Martin Hoop of war, commanded by captain William Par- s.w.frtjhi ker, where I remained. A cold day. Strong gales all day. Tliurfdiiy 3 1 , S. Captain Parker's brother went a Ihooting, on the low grounds p^'^" 7' between the fort and St. Peter's Bay, and killed a Haggard. day E, modtrate. I went to Lance Cove, and from thence to Henly Harbour, Saturday 2. in order to return home ; but the inllant wc got under fail, the ^odl^au wind fhifted and I returned on board the Man of War. e. n. £. frrjh. Early in the morning I went to Henly Harbour, and failed Simdny ,3. homewards, where 1 arrived at four in the afternoon. A ^' ' fifherman from White Bay was brought to our furgeon, having received a wound in his left hand by the burfling of a gun. £. S. F: made rate.' This and the two preceding days ^verc employed in (liip- Wcdncf 6. ping provifions, houfliold furniture, and other necelTaries on '^' ^* Vol. n. P board il! I loS '775- Stpiciiiber. Thurfday 7. IV. S. IV. fujh. S. IV. l-riday 8. S. E. moderate. variable, li'ttie. Saturday 9, A^. N. «'. moderate. /mart, frejli. N. N. E. S. S. £. S.E.iiwdcraic. THE THIRD VOYAGE. board the Lady Tyrconnel, lor Cartwright Harbour and Sand- wicli Bay. Strong gales Avitli rain. I embarked at nine this morning, taking Mrs. Selby and all the Indians with me, and immediately failed for Cartwright Harbour. We got to fea through Enterprife Tickle, and were off Hawk Iflandat night. A clear day. At day break we were abrcafl; of Spotted liland, and at noon paffed the wolf; when meeting with light variable winds, we did not gain any ground for the remainder of the twenty-four hours. We paffed Icveral large iflar.ds of ice in the courfe of the day. At nine in the evening we hove to for the night. The fore part of this day was clear, but the latter foggy. At four in the morning we made fail, and flood into Sandy- Bay ; at fix we had a heavy fquall : and as the wind continued to blow fmart afterwards, I conduced the vellel into Sandhill Cove, where we came to anchor at nine o'clock, in four fathoms of water. No fooner was the velfel brought up, than we perceived that we had narrowly efcaped lofing her, by accidentally mif- fing a flioal, which lies north of the cove, and on which the fca then broke in a tremendous manner. In the afternoon I fent the mate out to found ; he had one fathom and a half clofe to Goofe Point, from whence it deepened gradually to fix lathoms, and tlien Ihoaled to two and a half, clofe to the Ihoal, on the other fide it deepened gradually to feven fathoms be- tween the (hoal and Blufl' Point. At high water the mate found two fathoms on the crown of it. (Tides flow here, about fix fcc-t.) We faw great numbers of gcefc in this place. Lieu- tenant THE THIRD VOYAGE. tenant Lane has laid this place down in his furvey, as a fmall, flioal cove; but it is a very fine river, the mouth of which is greatly incommoded with fand-banks; the fure confequencc of a river running through a fandy country. Weighing at day -light, we ran out of the cove, between Goofe Point and the fhoal, and at two in the afternoon, being off the north-eaft end of Long Ifland, I went off in a flciff to take up the fhalloway's anchor ; but before I got to it a fog came on, when I returned and reached the veffel off the mouth of Hare Harbour. We foon after flruck upon an unknown Ihoal, which lies abreaft of the north Hare Ifland, but got off imme- diately, without receiving any damage; I named it the Tyrcon- nel Jhoal. At half pafl feven we anchored in Cartwright Tickle, abreaft of the landing-place, for there was too thick a fog to go any farther. Our people came off and informed me that the houfe was ftudded and covered in. A dark day, with thick fog in the evening, and it rained moft part of the night. At one this morning it began to blow hard ; at five the gale was heavy, and in half an hour after, our cable parted: we were then near driving on (liore upon Weftern Point, which is flioal, and rocky ; but we got her before die wind, ran up the harbour, and let go the other anchor between a fmall woody ifland, and Earl Ifland, where we brought up in four fathoms and a half of water, over a bottom of tough black mud, and there rode out the gale. The water was perfcdly fmooth, but the wind blew fo exceffively hard, that the veffel was frequently laid almoft on her beam ends, the tide making her ride atliAvart the wind, and the fpoondrift flew entirely over her. We got up the fpare anchor, and bent the remains of the parted cable to it. It fnowed and hailed all day, was fevcrely cold, and we were P 2 in 107 «77S- September; Sunday tO. Wind S. £. Uttlt. E. little. Monday 1 1, K. E. hard. txtfjivt !:nrd. X. /i.irj. A'. II'. lianU f, I '»: Cl I f'it 11 1 >775- Sentpmbcr, Tucfilny 1 : fi:a'l. J'-'fl' io8 THE THIRD VOYAGE. in conllant appiehenlion of parting our cable and loHng the vcITel, at Icalh if not ourfclvcs alfo. At fcvcn o" clock ^s'c \vci!>!ied the anchor, and we found it had lain in \c;ry tough mud with many large flones in it ; for the cable hung on them as it came in, and was rubbed in fe- Acral places, nor was the anchor canted, notwithllanding the vi- , olcnce of the gale. Wc then fet the foreftay-fail and ran into the bight on the fbuth fide of my houfe, there came to an an- clior in nine fathoms good, clear, ground, which is an excellent place for a Iliip to ride in. I went on fliore and was informed, that the tide yeflerday, flowed two feet higher than ufual ; that it rofe two inches high in the houfe; and that the violence of tlie wind was ^o great, as to turn the bottom up of a fealing- fliiff, which lay on Rocky Point. I never experienced fo hard a gale before. The reft of the day was employed in landing fome of the goods. Cloudy weather, but it mended as the day advanced. The people were landing goods all day. In the morning I killed a goofe near the houfe; after breakfafl; I went upon Sig- nal Hill, where I fhot a curlew; and on my return, killed a large porcupine. Cloudy, cold weather. Tliurfday 14. The pcoplc wcrc employed the four laft days in landing fuch goods as were intended for this place, and did not carry the laft of them on ihore until this day ; for the Ihoalnefs of the water, made that operation very tedious. I employed myfelf in writing letters to England, and in other neceflary bufinefs. We alfo fpread the dried fifli, which was brought for our winter provifions, and worked on the houfe at fuch times as HinK. tide did not fervc to land goods. At Wednef. 13, A'. IV. fnjh. £. iiltle. THE THIRD VOYAGE. . . At noon to day, taking captain Kinloch and four hands in the yawl, I crofled the flats and examined the large cove which lies underthe north fliore ; I found it to be very flioal, with a bottom of fine fand ; a fmall brook empties into it, one bird iiland lies in the middle and another farther out. In pafling Diver Ifland, we faw abundance of geefe and black-divers. The weather was clear and warm for the laft four days, but cloudy to-day. We got up the anchor which we parted from in the tickle, and fpread the fifli, fome of the people were employed on the houfe. After breakfaft, I walked round the fhore to Salt Mea- dow, where I fat watching geefe till the evening. I killed a porcupine, (hot a doater through, wounded a goofe, and faw a fnipe ; which is the fecond that I have feen in the country. Great plenty of geefe and black-ducks were about the meadow, and there was fome flot of deer upon it. A rainy day. The provifions were (lowed in the floreroom. I landed all my family, and we lay on fhore ibr the hrfl time. A clear day. 109 >775- September. Tiiefday 19, Wind W. N. IV. frcjh. link. W'ednef. 20. S. S. E. frejh. We unmoored ready for going to Paradife, and in the even- Thurfdiy 2 mg I went up the harbour in the yawl, and Ibunded two of "' ^''■^'' the tickles. A clear day. After breakfaft I went to the Salt Meadow, where I killed a lady, but faw no geefe. The brig's crew cut wood to flow the falmon. Captain Kinloch went upon Earl Ifland, and fudden- ly came clofe upon a brace of deer, but taking them for white- bears, he ran away from them ; he alfo faw great numbers of geefe Friday 22, W. hy K. Si:'. no «775. September. Saturday 23. Wind S. E. little, S. little. Sunday 24. N.W. noderate. Monday 25. IV , moderate. E. little. S. E, little. THE THIRD VOYAGE. geefe on the north fide of the Illand. All my family were very bad with colds, and I bled Tweegock. Early in the morning the brig got under weigh, and I failed in her for Paradife, but was obliged to anchor again at the up- per part of the harbour, as the wind failed and the tide was Ipent. Kinloch then went in the yawl and founded the fouth- crnmofl paflagc. We weighed at day-light and worked through the narrows, but, the wind heading us and tlic ebb coming down before we got to proper anchorage, we were obliged to return. Captain Kinloch then founded ihe paflTages, which are three difl'erent ones, caufed by a couple of fmall iflands lying between Earl Ifland and the continent, and I was landed upon Earl llland, on which I walked acrofs, to the north and weft ihores. I fired a ball, without effe6l, at a filver fox; and faw much frefh flot of deer, and many geefe. The weft end of the paffagc, between that and Diver llland, I obferved was very narrow, with a moft rapid tide running through it ; occafioned by a reef of rocks, which extend a confiderable diftance from both the iflands. After brcakfaft I croffed the broadeft part of Earl Ifland, where 1 faw much frefh flot of deer, and fome good paths. At half paft four, the brig got under weigh and entered the north tickle, where I boarded her : the wind dying away and head- ing us at the fame time, the tide fet us on fliore upon Earl Ifland. A flciff, with a couple of hands from Paradife, fortunate- ly arriving at that inftant, enabled us to get out a kedge anchor, and we got off immediately without receiving any damage. Without the affiftance of the fkiff, this accident might have had ferious confequences ; for the tide ran too rapidly fur us to car- ry THE THIRD VOYAGE. Ill »77S- September. Wind S. E. littlu ry out an anchor in the brigs yawl alone, and both wind and tide fet dead on the fliore, which is covered with detached, pointed rocks, a foot or two high. We afterwards got fafe through the narrows, and anchored off the north point of Mud- dy Bay. f ' . At day-light we got under fail and endeavoured to get into Tuefday 26. Sandwich Bay, but were obliged to put back into Muddy-Bay, where we anchored in eleven fathoms of water, over a bottom of black mud. I fent the yawl for the kedge anchor, and went myfelf. with the fkiff and kyack, into Dykes River; I pad- dled in the latter to the head of the tide, where the flream falls over large rocks for a good di (lance, and empties a fufficiency of water, to receive falmon. A clear \vurm day. At day-light we got under fail, but were obliged to return Wednef, 27. again. After breakfall, I went home and found all my family '^- ^- f"Jh' very poorly : at night I returned on board. A clear morning, with fog and rain afterwards. At noon we got under weigh again, but were forced, once 1 more to return ; I then landed and walked round the pond at the head of the bay, where I killed a pair of teal, and found a good deer-path. In the evening I went home and flayed all night. A dull day. riiurfJay ?.8. variable. link. At daylight I returned on board, when we immediately weighed and got into Sandwich Bay. At half pad one, we came to anchor in Hoop-pole-Cove, when Kinloch and I went in the yawl, and founded the river up to the falmon port. We found a badfhoiil below Rafpbcrry Point, but a deep, through narrow channel Friday 29, A'. £. nwdeiat(. 112 >775' September. Ifind huh. SaiurJay 30. A', fy. little. pong. Oclober. Sunday l> w. s. w. I THE THIRD VOYAGE. channel, on each lide of it. I found all the falmon packed ; which produced one hundred and thirty nine tierces of good filh; alfo, nineteen hogfheads and fourteen tierces of what were failed in bulk, which are of an inferior quality. Fourteen of Jofeph Friend's traps were found lately, in a cat-path on the north fide of the river. This morning \ve got the brig up to the fahnon-polt, moored her with the kedge anchor and landed all the victual-fifli. > A fair day. ,,_ ..j ,, , , . ,, ._ We landed all the fait and part of the provifions. At noon taking Jack with me, I \vent up the Eall River in a flviff, land- ed at the head of the tide, and walked by the Jide of it to the foot of the fecond pond; we then afcended a high hill on the fouth fide, from whence we had an extenfive view of the country. We faw a lake lying on the river, to the callward of that hill, and feveral fmall ptx/is to the northward. On our return, we obferved a falmon \w tlje locond pond, and found a goofeberry bufh on the bank of it, winch is the firfl: I have either feen or heard of in the country. From the top of Rodg- hill, I obferved two other good flreams fall into the river, be- fore it empties into the tide way, and feveral large marfhes by the fides of them. The country is very promifing for deer and beavers, and the whole that we went over to day, is fo clear of woods and rocks, that I could have galloped a horfe all the way from the boat, except the firft two hundred yards. In one place there were feveral acres of ground with long grafs growing on it fit for tillage : I tried the foil, and found" it a light fand, with a good mixture of black mould, and of a great depth. We killed a porcupine and a fpruce- game, "" ' " ;'■■ w ... '-.;;•-, :>.;i-;' A clear day. ' • * ?' - )^X . THE THIRD VOYAGE. We landed the remainder of the prnvifions, and took on board fome falmon. Hard rain all day. We fliipped oIT forty-eight tierces ot falmon. Small rain, fleet, and fog till noon, and it fnowed afterwards. J»3 >775- Otlober. Monday 2, mnd W. S. W: Jlrotig. Tuefday 3, calm. Tlicre was much [now on the ground and trees this morn- We got fome firewood on board, and at noon took on mg. Wcdnef. 4, W. S. W.' Jlrong andfqually* board forty -eight tierces. I went to Friend's Point, and there met with another cat-path, with twenty-fix traps in it ; there is now but one \vanting of the whole number which Jofeph Friend brought with him, A cloudy day, Avith fome fmart fhowers of rain. W^e took on board, forty-five tierces, and nineteen hog- Thurfdays, fheads of falmon, which were the whole ; alfo, thirty-one '*'• *"• ^' , _ , ' moderatt. empty hoglheads. A clear day, with fliarp frofh. W^e filled fome of the water cafks, got the traps out of the Friday 6. path, took the people's cheRs on board, and prepared to fall fro^^Z'd down the river. I killed three ladies. fi""")- A cloudy day. Being wind-bound we got fome firewood on board. A clear day. Saturday 7, N.Jrcig, In the ralorning captain Kinloch and I founded the fhoal s.mday 8. again, took marks for avoiding it, and at two in the afternoon, "'• ^'"''• we weighed and towed down to Hoop-pole Cove. Clear day and fharp froft. Vol. II. Q It 114 »775- October. Monday 9. JVindN.E. Tuefday to. JV. N. W. fujli. Jlrtng. little. Wedncf. 1 1. calm: N.E. moderate. Thurfday 12. S. E. THE THIRD VOYAGE. It fnowed fall; till two in the afternoon, but at night it was almofl: gone, and then came on froft. At nine this morning we got under fail and worked into Sandwich Bay, from thence arrived fafe in Muddy Bay, where we came to an anchor at four o'clock. I immediately tailed a trap for a fox and a flip for a deer by the pond fide. A fair day, but it fnowed at night. At nine o'clock, captain Kinloch and I went off in the yawl for my houfe, and took the new fkifF in tow, laden with caflcs. On our arrival there, we were informed that three deer had taken the water in front of the door, about an hour before, and fwum down the Tickle into Huntingdon Harbour, where they Hill remained. Leaving the fkifF we purfued, and foon got fight of them, lying to in the middle of the harbour. They made towards us until we got very near; they then made off, and caufed a long and fevere chafe, but at length I killed them all. They proved a flaggard, a knobler, and an old hind: the quarters and humbles of the whole, weighed four hundred and ninety-fix pounds. It is incredible how fafl they fwim, and how long they can hold it; although the boat rows very well, yet we had hard work to come up with the flag- gard. I alfo fhot a duck, and faw a prodigious number of geefe. A fine day. At nine this morning I went in the fkiff on board the brig, got under weigh, and brought her through Middle Tickle; at noon flie anchored in her birth, and we immediately landed what was for this place. Moid weather. The THE THIRD VOYAGE. The brig was ready to fail for Charles Harbour, but lay wind-bound. Thick fog till two this afternoon, and much rain afterwards. I put fome traps out for foxes, on the back-fliore. Rain and fog all day. The wind made a very high tide, al- though the neeps are now in. Put out fome more traps in Laar Cove. It rained hard all day. i«5 1775. Ohobcr, Friday 13. ffi'nrf calm. N. E, Jirong, Saturday 14. N. S\ E. /lard. Sunday 15, A^. N, E. /marl. N. hy W. Moderatt, At day-light I went off in the fkiff to Ibund the Tyrconnel Monday t6 Shoal, but it broke fo high that I could not venture near it : be- tween it and the North Hare Ifland is a good channel. The brig came down at noon, when I gave the captain directions for avoiding the fhoal, and then went to Huntingdon Ifland, where I landed and took a fliort walk. I killed a pair of ducks, Ihot a yellow fox with my rifle, faw many geefe and got home at dark. Some fnow with very cold weather all day. Tuefday 17, E. A'. E. moderate. The people were at work on the kitchen chimney. I took a walk upon Signal Hill, from whence I fa^v a prodigious num- ber of geefe, and afterwards killed one from my door. Jack went in my kyack up the harbour, where he tailed a trap for an otter, and killed a goofe, but loft it. After breakfafl; I took Jack and his mother with me in a fkifl^ Wedncf. i8. and made the circuit of Earl Ifland. I killed a duck, five divers and two fpruce game, and returned home after dark. Frequent fhowers of fmall fnow. Drains were dug about the houfe. Jack went in my kyack Timrfjay i«, up the harbour, tailed two traps for otters, brought a raven out £. iut/<. Q 2 of II ; 1 ii6 I'r'dny ;o. tVind variabli- Saturclay 21. H. W. little. Sunday 22. W. S IV moderate. MdikKiv 23. W.frrJI,. ■.erate. THE THIRD VOYAGE. of that which he tailed before, and killed a pigeon. Some fnow, licet, and rain to day. y\ftt'i- l>ic;;tklall I look Jack with mc in the fkifF, and went to Salt Meado^v, wiiere we tailed thirteen traps for geefe and one Ibr dc cr. As wc were returning, we obfervcd two deer walking along fliorc downwards. I landed and followed, till I got w itliin ihot, and fired twice at the largell, but miffed it both times. They then ran round the harbour to my houli:^, where fome of the people met and fired at them, which cauicd ihcni to take the water. Four hands purfued then in a Ikiff, which fortunately arrived from Paradife at that inllant, and killed them both. They proved a broket and a knobler, and weighed three hundred pounds. Some fliowers of rain fell to day. This day I had a haunch of venifon roafted for the people, and gave them as much porter as they would drink, (having promifed the falmonicrs a treat;) and intend to do the fame every year that they kill a good voyage. A fine mild day. I \vas fcrving out flops to the people, fettling their accounts, and hiring them afrefli. Some fpruce-game came clofe to the houfe, and Jack Ihot one of them. At noon I fent the two coopers, and two fealers up to Para- dife, keeping three men. Jack, and the women here. Jack vifit- cd his traps, tailed four more and brought a marten. I went to the large trap by Laar Cove, found it llruck up by a porcu- pine, and had a yellow fox in one under Signal Hill. At night, a marten came into a tree clofe by my houfe, and I fhot it. I named this houfe Caribou Caflle. Dark weather till one o'clock, clear afterwards. We \rr im «775. Otlober. Tiicfday 24. Wind w. N. ir. hltlt. THE THIRD VOYAGE. We calked and pay'd the fkifF. After breakfart Jack and I went down along Ihore, tailed two traps for foxes, and fhifted one of thelotliers for martens. We alfo walked fome diftance up Laar Brook in fearch of the pond, but did not find it; yet I am fure there is one, as I faw fome old beaver-cuttings, and an otter-path by the fide of the brook. Jack killed a Ipruce- game. Hazy, warm weather. At day-light, taking the three men and Jack with me in the Wcdncf. 05. fkiJf, I went off for Blackguard Bay to look for a fealing-pofl, ^'' ''"''' and take up the Otter's anchor; we got the latter, but could not meet with a fcaling poll to my mind. We lay in the weft- ern-arm of Blackguard Bay, near the brook, and pafled a plea- fant nigh t by the fide of a good fire. Dull, mild weather all day. At day -light we fet off for home, but fo great a fwell tum- bled into the bay, we had great difficulty to row out of it ; and it was with the utmoft labour we reached Goofe Cove by night. There we hauled up the boat and made a fire, by which we pafFcd a very uncomfortable night. We faw a great many ducks going to the fouthward, and Jack killed a fpruce- game. The fore part of the day was dull ; it afterwards fnowed hard, and io continued all night. A great quantity of geefe were in Goofe Cove this morning. At eight o'clock we fet off for home, but with difficulty got to the fmall point under Black Head, where we hauled up the Ikiff, made a fire, and ftayed an hour ; we then fet out on foot, but the gale foon after moderating, I fent the people back for the fkiff; and walked forwards by myfelf. I tailed two traps for Tlmrfday 26. N. E. fifji. hard. florviy. Friday 27, A'. Jirong, fneri fj tt S[ 1 I ' 1 ( 118 «775- Oitobcr. Saturday 28. IVirid A', ir. Jlrong und Jiiually, moderate. THE THIRD VOYAGE. for otters under Black Head, (hifted a fox-trap, and had a ycl- lovv-fox in one of ihole which I tailed the twenty-fourth indant. The fkilf took mc in beyond Laar Cove, and we jfot home at three in the afternoon. A dark, cold day. Jack went and examined his traps, in one of which he had an otter, and another was gone; which I luppolc has been carried away by a fox. I took four traps on my back, and tailed three of them for martens along the Iliore of this harbour, and the other for a fox in a path on the north (ide of the Great Marfh; I then vifited all thole which are round Black Head and Laar Cove, tailed two fmall ones which I left the other day, for foxes, and the large one for deer or bears, on the fouth fide of Great Alarfh. I returned home by the back (liorc, and looked at the traps there, but had nolhinjfin lh( m. My grey- hound tree'd a marten, and 1 fliut him ihiough the head with my rifle. Some fliowers of fmall fnow in the afternoon, but it was clear afterwards Jack went in my kyack up the liarbour, and brought home the trap and flip from Muddy Bay ; and alfo, a marten, a rabbit, and a duck out of his own traps. I went to Laar Cove and fixed chains to the four which I carried out yefter- day. We began to make a fod wall round my houfe; threw the vidual fifli out to the fun, and flowed fourteen quintals of it in the kitchen. A clear, mild day. Monday 30. Early in the morning Jack went in my kyack, and tailed a J^d rat couple of traps for foxes, on the north fide of Earl Ifland, where he law frefli flot of three deer. He afterwards went round his traps Sunday 29, calm. JN'. f . //W/r. I iiM THE THIRD VOYAGE. traps on the foutli fide of the harbour; one of which was car- ried aw^y by a goole, and lie had a yellow fox and a large walk in twe. others. I went round my walk; and one of the traps which were tailed for otters was Aruck up, and I had a porcupine in anotlier. Several large flocks of ducks flew clofe part Brocket Point. Finding myfelf much weakened by wearing flannel fliirts, I this day put on a linen onei and intend wearing no others in future. A clear, mild day. I went with Jack to Earl Ifland ; we flufted one of his traps there, ami faw the frefli Hot of a deer. Had linen fliccts put upon my bed indead of flannel ones. A clear, mild day. I frefli flowed fome goods in the ftore-room, and had a win- dow made for it. This morning the ground was covered four inches with fnow, and it fnowed very hard all day, \vith thawing weather. The window was fixed in the fl;ore-room, the fod wall was fijiifhed, and I had a hundred and five pieces of venifon hung up in the kitchen to fmokc. Snowed very hard all day and froze a little in the afternoon. I went round my traps, in ^vhich were a good filver-fox and a marten, and fhot a fpruce-game ; I tailed another trap for foxes, and a flip for a deer. Jack vifited his traps on the fouth fliore; he brought a marten and half a goofe ; the refl:, and the whole of another had been eaten out of the traps by foxes. At three this afternoon the Otter arrived from Charles Harbour, from whence fhe failed the twenty-fecond of laft month, with thirteen hands to complete the crews here. They informed me, that the gale of wind, which happened here on the 119 '77.'3. OciobtT. /f. S. M'. Tuerday 3 1 . fujh. €aim. November. WcUncf I. A'. E. hard. Thurfday a. N. hard. Friday 3. N. N. £.■ modera't 120 «775. November, 11 ' ! 1 rii Saturday 4. IVind A'. E. ncdtrate. Suntlay 5. THE THIRD VOYAGK. the eleventh of September, reached that place on the twelfth, and did infinite niiicliief both on tbis coall, and all round Nc^vfoundland. Our (hip tlie Earl of Dartmouth was driven on Ihore and greatly damaged, but was got off and repaired; our two fliallops were driven on Ihorc; one nlmofl beat to pieces, and the other much damaged; the planter's boat was wrecked; lour out of live of Noble and Pinf()n's vellels were driven on fliore and bulged; leveral of tbtir boats \vero wrecked in Lance Co\ e ; feven others were driven over to Newfoundhxnd and there loll, together with twenty-eight out of t\\'enty-ninc men; Thomas's brig was wrecked ; Coghlan's Hoop driven on fhore i vaft quantities of fifh fpoiled ; and every flage and wharf on the coall were walhed down, ours among ihe rcll ; and that nothing which was afloat, except the Man of War, one of Noble and Pinfon's vefitls, and this ihalloway, had ridden it out. The Otter was near being loll kill niglit ; flie ran into Berry Ifland Tickle in the dark, and at low ^\•ater, grounded and beat a good deal, but fortunately the bottom was fmooth fand, and flie received no injury. Dark frofly weather. I was fitting out the crews for the winter. Jack went to his traps on Earl Ifland, and brought home a rabbit and a fpruce- game. A dull frofly day. I finiflicd fitting out the bay crews to day, and fent diem ofl' for Paradife in the Otter. Jack brought home his geefe traps, and faid that a white-bear had gone to the eadward lall night : as I judged he would go over the decrtrap, I took the boy and went to fee ; he had gone under two flijis, and fet his foot upon the jaws of the trap and (Iruck it up, but was not caught : we followed him as far as the lafl; fox trap; one of which \vas flruck up. A dull day with thaw. Jack THE THIRD VOYAGE. 121 Jack vifitcd his traps on Earl Ifland; two of which were llruck up by a wolvering. The fcalers were mending their nets and cutting killick-claws. Small rain all day. The fcalers were mending their nets. At noon I went in a fkilF with the Indians, and brought home the two ottertraps which were under Black Head; and in one of which was a good crors-fox. The t\vo I'arthcll foxtraps were robbed, and one of them was llruck up. I fct a fox-hook, baited with a fmall bird, and tailed another large trap. Cloudy, mild weather. The fcalers were mending their nets, and cutting killick- claws. Jack went round feme of my traps; he brought a crofs-fox, and the bait was gone olF the hook. Drizzly weather. '775- November. Mondiiy 6. N. £; moderate, Tucfdjy 7, £. moderate. N.F.. frejh. The fcalers were employed as yeftcrday. I felefled a net, Timrrdiyg, to ha\'e under my own management, and mended it. ^ ^- ^' Hard rain all day. The fealcis worked on their craft. Jack ^valked round my F,iaav lo. traps, but got nothing. The Indian women began to cover my kyack with new Ikins. Moid weather. One of the fcalers and Jack went to the woody ifland to ^*"""^'')' "• fhoot ducks; they were obliged to land on the fouth (liore of the harbour, and walk back, not being able to row againfl the wind: they faw fome geefe but no ducks, and brought an ot- tcrout of one of the traps. I went round my walk, frefli ^- ^ • baited all my traps and Ihifted fome. By the weather which ^""'"' Vol. II. R h;,s 1 'i 11 I, « iiiii 122 '775- November, THE THIRD VOYAGE. has prevailed for fome time part, I am afraid that we (hall have another bad feahng fcafon. Hard rain and lleet all day. Tucfday 14. There has been a continued gale of wind with rain for thefe '^"^ three lafl: days, which prevented our ftirring from home. The jirong. fealers were putting their craft in order, and the women finifh- ed my kyack. Wednef. 15. A'. £. /re/A I vifited my traps, fhifted two, and fet a hook for foxes. Jack went round his which were on Earl Ifland, and brought a yel- low-fox and an otter. The fealers were netting all day, and in the evening I fent them for the fkiff, which they brought home. Several geefe, and a harp were fcen to-diy. Small fiiow and rain. Jack vifited his traps on the fouth fliore, and had the foot of a marten. 1 fent the fealers in the new fkiff to Paradife, to fee what was the rcafon that the Otter did not return. We per- ceived that all the venifon was tainted by the heat of the kitch- en ; it \vas wallied and brufhed and then put into frefh pickle. The fun appeared for a fhort time this morning, for the firfl time thefe fixtecn days pad ; in the afternoon it rained hard, with fog. - " SniirJay 18. Ycllcrday it fnowed and rained continually, with much wind ; but the \veathcr was Hill worfe to-day. Ay-irOay 16. ;V. A'.£. Sunclay 19. calm. E. by X. otcderate, ra/nu Taking the wooder with me, I went round my traps and baited three more for foxes ; alfo fhifted the two large ones, and had a marten and a mink. Jack vifited his traps on Earl Ifland, where an otter had got out of one ; he fhot a duck and two pigeons. About ten in the morning the iky cleared for ' about THE THIRD VOYAGE. about half an hour, but we had thick fnow for the reft of the t twenty-four hours. 183 1775' November. Monday 20, fVtnd N. l.modtratt Tuefday 2i, N. by W. pong. Jack went to Earl Ifland, where he changed an ottertrap. It fnowed fa ft all day. At fix this evening, John Hayes and three of his crew return- ed in the ikiff, and informed me that the Otter had been de- tained by the wind and weather till this morning ; but that ihe was then in the mouth of Muddy Bay ; alfo, that Thomas Davis (one of his crew) was drowned one night, in obftinately attempting to fwim on board the Otter, when ftie was lying at Paradife. It fnowed all day, with open weather ; and at night froze moderately. The fealers removed their craft from Brocket Point for fear Wednef. 22, it ftiould be flooded ; as the fpring tides rife higher now than ^' *•*' ^' ha.d. uiual. Much fnow, drift, and froft all day. The fealers went off at day -light to bring down the Otter, Thurfday 23. and returned with her at noon ; I fhould have fent them off direflly to their winter quarters, but they were all drunk. I went round my back-fhore traps ; in one of which was part of a raven, (the reft had been eaten by a fox) and a raven's claw in another ; all the others were frozen. The fun fhone for half an hour this morning, being the third time this month, but we had fnow m the afternoon. The weather ftill continuing bad without any appearance of changing, and the feafon being far advanced, I determined to keep the fealing crew here, as it is almoft impoflible for them to go to the place I intended fixing them at, and be prepared R 2 for N. N. W. fr'Jh. Jlrong, Fridiy 9.^, hard. I una if i iilNil 1 % SK 1 i '^H HbhI li r. 1 ' HIIhiII 1' 124 Saturday 25, IHrid A'. //;;/(/ airs and calms. Siimlay 26. j\. moderate. Monday 27. N. S. W. TLcfday 28. N. by W. WcJncf. 29. THE THIRD VOYAGE. for the feals in proper time. I do not expeft they can kill any number at this place, as it is by no means proper for the bu- finefs; but to move them from this place now, would be at- tended with fcrious confcquences. We got part of the Otter's lading on fhore. Gentle froft, with fome fnow. We landed the rcfh of the Otter's lading, and laid her on fliore for winter. The fealcrs began to build their houfe. I walked round my traps and found feveral of them robbed by martens, and there were but few foxes ftirring. Jack went to Earl Ifland, and fhot a groufe. Foggy with fmall fnow and thaw. The fealcrs were at work on their houfe. Fair with broken clouds: this is the only tolerable day we have had fmcc this month came in. The fealcrs \\'orkcd on their houfe till the evening, wiien with the afliJlaace of all hands I thwarted and blocked up the Otter. Jack ^\•ent up the Iiarbour and brought a duck. I vifited my traps, m which were a m:irten and a raven. There was a good run of martens laft niglit. A cloudy, fiolly day, with fome fnow. The fealcrs worked on their houfe, and mended their nets ; at night they jout out mine off Bracket Point. Jack went a fhooting into the woods, but killed nothing. I vilited fome of my traps, and found three of them robbed by martens. The wooder dug up the two large ones, which were covered three feet thick with drifted fnow. The fun appeared foraetimcs, and it froze fharply. The fealcrs covered in their houfe, and took poflvflion of it THE THIRD VOYAGE. it this evening. They fhifted the net which they put out ycllcrday, and corked fome others. Jack walked to his traps on the foutli fhore, and I vilited tliree of mine, but neither of us got any thing. A clear fky, with fharp frofl. 125 >775- November, IVind N. by W. frcjh. little. This morning, the harbour was frozen over with thin ice, Thurfdayao. but at noon moll of it was driven off. The fealers put out "''"• three nt(s; two in the tickle, and one below. Jack went to Earl Ilumd ; from ^vhence he brought a trap and a brace of groufc. Two harps and a bedlaraer were fcen. It fnowed mod of the day, but did not freeze. moderalc. The fcalcrs put out four nets, and had a harp in that at Brocket Point. Jack went to the ^voody iiland, where he faw a brace of white bears, but could not get a fliot at them. He brought liomc the ottcrtrap and killed a groufe. The fealers iliorcd up the fhalloway, repaired the fkiffs, hauled their nets, and had a ranger. Jack and I went round my traps, \wc frelh baited, and poured fomc fcal oil about them; there had been a very great run of foxes lad night, but they would not touch the bait which was faltcd fulmon. We alio tailed the t\vo large ones in the ilip-places, brought the Hips home, and faw the track of a white-bear. Jack Ihot a o-roufe. - , Frody weather. December. Friday t. Wind N. little. Jrfjh. Jlrong. Saturday 2, .V. frrjh. N. IV. modi' rale. IV. littU. This morning tlic harbour was full of ice and lolly, and one of the nets fad in it. The fealers hauled mod of the red, but got nothing. Jack vifited his traps on the fouth fhore, and I examined mine, but neither of us had any thing. He fa\v the frelh track of a white-bear. The morning was clear, and after- noon Sunday 3. 5. W. fnjh. S. S. IV, modercte. 126 li i «775- December. THE THIRD VOYAGE. noon dull ; but upon the whole, this %vas the fineft day we have had fince the lafl: of Odober. Sharp froft. Monday 4. mnd S. The fealers put out two nets, fhifted fome of thofe which were out before, and had a jar. Jack brought home the rell s.E.moderau. of his traps from Earl Ifland, and killed a duck. I was attack- ff. E.frtjh. ed this morning with a fevere lit of the gravel. Foggy, cloudy, mild weather till the evening, when it began to freeze fharply. Tuefday 5. W. hard. Wednef.6. 5. W. frtjh. moderate. little. calm. Thurfday 7, Friday 8, 5. S. IV. little. The fealers put out two more nets, and worked on their craft. I had a very bad night, but was better to-day. Sharp froft, with drift. The fealers hauled their nets, and had a lazarus. Jack and I carried out five traps and tailed them on Signal Hill; I then went round my walk. Great numbers of foxes had cruifed about laft night; they ftruck up three traps ; which is the firft time I have been certain of their touching the baits. Dull weather with a little fnow; Iharp froft in the morning, very niild afterwards, and it froze gently again in the evening. The fealers worked on their craft. Jack and I vifited our traps ; I had a good filver-fox, and he a brace of crofs-foxes. The deertraps being much drifted over, they were dug up and tailed afrefh. Cloudy, dark weather, with gentle froft. The fealers hauled their nets, made fome killicks, and had a bedlamer. The mildnefs of the weather ftill keeps the feals back. I do not exped them till hard weather fets in ; and, as the feafon is fo far advanced, it will freeze fo feverely, that they THE THIRD VOYAGE. they cannot make any flay with us; and our nets will all be frozen over. Jack went round his traps and killed a fpruce- game ; he faw four harps, three bedlamers, and the track of a white-bear. I vifited my harps and had a yellow-fox. Dull, mild weather. The fealcrs hauled the nets and had a bedlamcr. I fent the wooder round my traps, but there was nothing in them. I went along with Jack round his walk; we carried out fix more traps, which we tailed for foxes, and faw a prodigious deal of tracking. A clear day with increafing froft. The fealers cut out the net at Brocket Point, and had two bedlamers in it; the Hill part of the harbour having been frozen ever fince the third in(lai?t. Jack and I took a walk to the top of the high hill on the fouth fide of Great Marfh, from whence we faw two pools which lie upon the Laar. We went up the weft fide of the hill, Avhich rifes gradually and is well clothed with wood; but, as we found the walking very bad, by reafon of the great depth and .lightncfs of the fnow, I determined to defccnd on the eaft fide, being much deeper, and where but few trees grow: we got on very well for a little way, but coming to the top of a precipice, we found ourfelves to be in a very unpleafant fituation; for we could not get far, either to the right or the left, nor was it pofllible to mount the hill again, on account of its fteepnefs and the depth of the fnow. V/e were therefore reduced to the alter- /' native, cither of remaining where we were to perifli with cold, or of dropping over the precipice, which was at leaft twenty feet high, at the rifk of breaking our bones on the fragments of rocks beneath, unlcfs they were fufficiently covered with fnow to break our fall. On fearching my pockets, I found a fathom 127 >775- December; Saturday 9; S. IV. N.W. N. moderate* Sunday 10. S. littU. J 28 THE THIRD VOYAGE. >775- December. IVind S. liilU, a fathom of cod-line, one end of which I tied to a fmall birch tree, which grew clofc to the top, ealiid my^cU"do^vn over the edge, and then dropped as fuft as on a fcadicr-bcd ; and Jack followed in the fame manner : our guns, rackets, and hatchets, having been previoully thrown do\vn. We loon alter came into Laar Cove, and returned home along the back-ihore, on which we found a yellow-fox and a niarlcn in t^vo of my traps. A clear day, with fliarp frofl. Monday II. Thc fcalcrs hauled their nets, but gotnothin-;: tlicy faw u s. w. little, large white-bear in Laar Cove and fcnt me word, but before I'got there he was gone : I had a yellow-fox ; three more had got out of other traps which are old and bad ; one was llruck up and three were robbed. I tailed /bur more, fliified thc fpring-hook, and brought the cod-hook home. Jack vifitcd his traps; he killed a fpruce-gamc, and brought a leg of a s.E.hard. filver-fox; the reft; had been eaten by two wolves. Sharp froll;. TuefJay 12. W. S. IV. hard. S. W. hard. W'edntf. 13. A'. fr775- December. Sunday 17. mndS. IV. medtrate. 8. Monday iV. S. IK iiltle. If. M E. iilUc. Tuefday 19. tv. s. w. tittle. Wedncf. 20. S. littlt. N. E. littU. Thurfday 2 1 S. W. moderate Friday 22. K N. IK frejh. THE THIRD VOYAGE. No water to be feen, except round the fmall iflands above, in a fmall part of Cartwright Tickle, and moft part of Sand- wich Tickle. A clear day with fevere froft. The fealers tried for fome of their nets, but could not find any. Jack and I vifited our traps; I fhifted four of mine, but had nothing; he brought in two crofs foxes. I burnt one of my fingers with tailing a trap. A clear day, with fevere froft. * , ' The fealers tried for their nets, but found only one. Jack and I went round our traps ; I had a marten and a raven. Dull day, fevere froft, with a little fnow. The fealers tried for their nets, but found none. We ex- amined the traps and found a filver-fox^and a yellow one; two of mine were robbed and ftruck up, and I had an excellent courfe after a fine filver-fox; but the ice being fmooth, the dog could not keep his feet at the turns, which were a dozen at leaft. A clear day with fmall froft. We had a capital filver-fox, a good crofs- fox, and a marten in the traps, and ftiot a fpruce-game. Many foxes had been \\\ my walk, and feveral of my traps were robbed. I gave t^ut twenty-one traps to the fealers. I have now thirty-one in xwf walk, and Jack has nineteen in his. Jack and I vifited our traps; he fhot a brace of fpruce-game. Two of the fealers went to Muddy Bay with eight traps, which they tailed there; and they faw great plenty of tracks of white-bears and foxes. Two others were cutting cat-paths from the fouth fide of the harbour. It THE THIRD VOYAGE. It fnowcd all day, and in the evening it drifted alfo; mode- r >3i •775. December. Saturday s|, mud N. iy B. IV. s. w. rate froll. On vifiting our traps we obferved that mofl of them were drifted over fo much, that they could not ftrike up. Two feal- ers carried out fome traps and tailed them below Black Head. Thefe people I fhall didinguifh by the name of the eaflern fur- riers, and the others by that of the weftern. John Hayes (the head man) took charge of the dcathfall path, and built fome deathfalls in it. One of my traps is fo buried in drift, that i am not likely to fee it again before May. A clear day, with fevere froft, which froze up our well, and obliged us to melt fhow for water. Jack and I looked at our traps and each of us brought in a Sunday 24. yellow-fox. The fealers, according to cuftom, began to ulher in Chriftmas, by getting fhamefully drunk. w.uttui Severe frofl, with a clear fky. Jack and I went round our traps ; he killed four fpruce- game, and I (hot one. All the fealers drunk again. Snowed till two o'clock, drifted hard afterwards -, but froze very little. • Monday S5. €alm. s. s. w. Huh. N.E. I gave up three of my traps to the eaflern furriers. Jack Tuefday 26. went into the woods a (hooting, and killed a fpruce-game. ^•^- ^• It fnowed and drifted hard all day. s.e. hard. At noon. Jack and I went round our traps ; nothing had been Wednef. 27. near mine, but one of them was fo much drifted over, that '^- ^^-J^rong, I could not find it. I tailed a fpring fnare for a fox. Jack had a crofs-fox and a yellow one in the fame trap, but either a wolf, or a wolvering had eaten the crofs-fox. mcdtratt. It fnowed, and drifted till noon ; fevere froft all day. S 2 All 132 THE THIRD VOYAGE. ( — ' > «77,5' December. Tliiirfdav zS, IVinit N.fmart, frejh. Friday 29. N. frtjk. Saturday 30. A', by W. twdtratt. All hands went round the traps : one of Jack's was carried away, but by what he could not tell ; Hayes had a wolvering ; the weRern furticrs faw the Hot of five deer, near Muddy Bay ; Jack gave up feven of his traps to the furriers. It drifted till the evening : a clear day with fevere froft. Jack, the weflern furriers, and I, viflted our traps, but very few foxes had been near them. 1 found one of mine, which had been drifted over lately. A cloudy day, with fome drift and fevere froft, ^ < All hands went round the traps ; I Ihifted feveral of mine, but had nothing ; Jack brought in a marten, the eallern fur- riers, a good filver-fox; and the wefternones, the leg of another; the reft of him had been eaten by a wolf, which carried the trap half a mile. A very fine, pleafant day : it was clear, with (harp froft, but not too fevere. Sunday 3 1 . .«. 5. 5, W. tittlt. 1776. January. Monday 1, variable. iitt/t. K iy E. Jujh. Jack and I went round our traps ; he had a yellow-fox, and Ihot a fpruce-game. Fine weather as yeftcrday. Theice was cut about the (hallow >y to day, to prevent it from lifting her. All hands went round our traps, and as I was re- turning along the back Ihore, four wolves came up the ice, round Black Head, and pointed for me, but afterwards turned into Laar Cove, in which I had ten traps ; I went through the woods into the pafs to Great Mar(h, and there (hould have had a good chance for one of them, if the fnow had not fallen off the trees, into the pan of my gun: they todk no notice of any of the traps, but went into the woods to the fouthward. The new year fet in with a very fine day. ; ! Two 1776. Jiinii.iry. uefiiuy 3> Wind calm. THE THIRD VOYAGE. 133 Two hands fawing a ftock for foxboards, and two others were at work on the ice about thd fhalloway. The caflern i'urricrs went round their walk. The wolves returned the fame way they went, two of them got into traps in my walk, and the other two into fome in that of the furriers; but three of them broke the traps and got out, and the other went clear off with his. Jack and one of the wellern furriers vifited their traps; the latter brought a good filver-fox, a yellow one, and a foot of another; he had four more traps robbed: no foxes s.w.frtjh. going any where elfe. I walked acrofs Earl Kland, and from thence down the north fhore to the north-weft point, then crolfcd the barrens back to the bight within the woody illand home again, but faw ver) little feetingof any kind. I obferved, that all Sandwich Bay was firm, but there was ftill fome open water in the tickles. An exceeding fine day; the fun was fo hot, that it aftually made water upon a rock, at nine o'clock this morning, by melt- ing the fnow. All hands went round our traps. I obferved, that one of the Wednef. 3. wolves which efcaped from a trap yefterday, h;id bled a good ^' ^^ *^' deal and had been followed by a frefh one. Another had got- ten into a trap in the eaft walk, and carried it off into the woods; in following him, the furriers found that which car- ried off ihe traps yefterday : it was a young, white bitch, which another wolf had killed, and eaten part of her loins, then buried her in the fnow. Cloudy, mild weather, with a little .now. I fent John Hayes and one of tlx ^veftern furriers to recon- noitre the country about Cape North, and the reft of us went round our traps. The eaftern furriers followed the wolf ^ •^'■^\ '*^ ' wnich Thurfday 4, S. W. nodtrale. 134 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. January. Friday 5. IVindS.W. moderate. Saturday 6. calm. S. S. t. little. Sunday 7. N. E. Monday 8. £. N. E. moderate. which carried off the trap yeilerday, and met with it ncai' Goofe Cove; it proved a grizzled bitch, weighed forty-nine pounds, flood twenty-feven inches high, and, from her noie-end to her rump, meafured three feet fev^n inches; Another wolf followed my track of yefterday, to fcven of my traps, one of which he ft ruck up, but would not meddle with the reft: I carried out;^ trap which a wolf broke on Tuefday, and tailed it, and two others in a triangle, on purpofeifor wolves, baiting with the fhoulder of a wolf. The wcftcrn furrier had a yellow- fox. I had a loin of wolf, and part of a loin of white-bear roaft- cd for my dinner; the former was the fweeteft, but the latter, by much the tendereft of the two. -. A dear, fevere day. ..,.•■•>' v -r. (n».jv ■' ' .. '; ■ '<\ ,' • All hands went round the traps; I had a ydlow-fox in one, and a marten had robbed another: no fign of any thing elfe. Weather as yefterday. • -A Early this morning, the two men whom I fent to the cape land, returned with information that they had feen a great deal of frefti flot of deer, and many tracks of white-bears. They had walked all night, forefeeing bad weather. The re ft of us vifitedour traps, and Jack killed a brace of fpruce-game. A dark morning with fog on the hill tops, and it fuowed all the reft of the day. \ . '• Hard gales with much fnow, drift, and fevere froft. » < - - All hands vifited their traps ; Hayes had a marten, one of Jack's traps was gone, and the weftern furriers had a raven eaten out of one of their trapr, by a wolf; they faw the tracks of three. j,^ , ,. , ,, Thick, moift fnow ; mild day» Sent THE THIRD VOYAGE. »35 The wooder went to my traps, and the reft of the people vifit- cd ihcir own. Jack (hot a brace of fpruce-game. The weftern furriers did not return at night. ,y,„^ The morning was tolerable, but it fnowcd, and drifted vei/ *" ^^.^'^^ 1776. 1 uelday 9, hard afterwards. ■>(> -i!it ih ■>> !'W Jack vifited his traps and had a marten. The weftern furri- Wednef. lo. ers returned about two o'clock this afternoon ; the weather *'^T'' was fo bad yefterday, they could not get back. It fnowed, and drifted a good deal in the morning ; afterwards it cleared up, drifted but little, and froze moderately. The eaftern furriers, Jack^ and I went our rounds ; the for- mer had a crofs-fox, and a yellow one had been eaten by a wolf, out of one of the three traps, which I tailed on the fourth in- ftant ; he had alfo eaten the fhoulder of the wolf, but left the fox's head, which I placed in the middle for a bait. Hayes and the reft of his crew were employed in bringing the feal-nets from where they lay, and coiling them on the heads of fome empty hoglheads before my door. There have been fo much fnow and drift of late, that wc cannot keep our traps clear. Severe froft, with drift, and much fnow. TJiurfday 11, A'. IV. fnjk. All hands went round the traps ; a yellow-fox was caught by the nofe laft night, in the one, out of which the fox was eaten yefterday. The wolf came again, and was caught in one of the others, which held him till I came and fliot him through the head. On examination, I found him to be a very llout, old, grizzled dog, with one fore-foot cut to the bone and feftered; being one of thofe that broke out and efcapedon the fecond inftant. I had alfo a good crofs-fox in another. Great plenty of foxes ftirring every where, and fome wolves had been about Muddy Bay laft night. A clear Friday \?., S. liitl'e. S. W. Uttlt. 136 1776. Jauuary. Saturday 13. Wind N. W. Jlrong. Sunday 14. W.Jlrong. Monday 15. IV.Jmart. THE THIRD VOYAGE. A clear morning with fevere iVoft, it fnowed from noon, and then the froft abated. •* • ^- ^ ..;-^ :: l J >; j, -' ; One of the eaftern furriers, Jack, and I vifited our traps; Jack had two yellow-foxes. The weltcrn furriers went out, but the feverity of the weather drove them home again. All the animals which we have caught fince the new year commenced, have been quite lean : what we had before, were very fat. The froft was fo fevere to day, that, although Jack brought his fox home alive, he was froze quite hard, from his nofe end to his eyes, and his tongue was much froft-burnt. 1 his has been the fevereft day we have yet had. Stopping to frclli tail a trap was at the rifk of fingers and toes: for the inilant a bare hand came in contad with a cold trap, it was burnt almofl equal to what it would have been by a red hot one; and it was impoHi- ble to keep our eyes open, without continually rubbing them, for the lalhes froze together the inftant they touched each other. Such fevere weather totally deftroys til Icent; for I have obferved foxes pafs clofe to leeward of a good bait, and not wind it; for, if they had, I fhould have known by the al- teration of their ftep. There is alfo another difadvantage from the feverity of the weather; the fnow becomes as light and fine as meal, and drifts with every puff of wind, fo firmly over the traps, that they cannot ftrike up. A clear day, with drift. Clear in the morning, and fnowed in the afternoon, with fe- vere froft, and much drift. ' All hands went round the traps, which were found drifted up; I had a raven's beak in one, and a marten had been caught in the fpring-fnare, but carried it off by cutting the line. My feet were on the point of freezing the whole time I was out, although THE THIRD VOYAGE. »37 ; — ^— 177b. January. although they were well defended by flannel and Indian boots: the little finger of my left hand was burnt from end to end, by touching a trap as I was tailing it; but I foon took the froft out by the immediate application of fnow. This accident brought a couplet of Hudibras to my recolleftion: he fays, "And many dangers Ihall environ, .v. : • jl "The man who meddles with co.d iron;" which fo tickled my fancy, that I could not help repeating it all the reft of the day. ' M • . • ■^- - \. ■■■'■--;■ '- I never faw fo great a run of foxes as there was in my walk laft night; but it was impoftible for a trap to ftrike up. Nor did I ever in all my life experience fo fevere a froft as to-day, ■w\xu 1 made me regret the want of a thermometer. The fky V . .. r, and the fnow drifted fmartly. We again vifited the traps, and the eaftern furriers had a Tuefday i6. yellow-fox. - ' -^ • i"' /'j..«x"'V:' -':'='"' ''■'■' ■ "• ■' - ^ ifinds.iv. ^ ' ... moderate. A clear day, but dull m the evening; it froze hard in the morning, but as the day advanced the froft decreafed. On vifiting our traps we found one was broken in Muddy Bay by a wolf. The eaftern furriers had a yellow-fox; very few going laft night. I tailed another fnare where the one was cut away the fifteenth inftant. All the tickles are froze up with the late fevere weather, except a few fmall holes in the ftrcngth of the ti-ies. A clear fine day. • '^ 1 1 )«)>> > Hard gales with much fnow and drift; it froze moderately. All hands went round our traps; I ftiifted five of mine, and Jack had a marten; they were all drifted up. A clear day, much drift and fliarp froft. Vol. II. T We Wednef. 17, N. AT. £: little. Thurfday i3. N.E. Friday 19. jr. /mart. iss THE THIRPjVOYAGJj:, Januij-y. Saturday 20. Wind W. frtjh. Sunday 21. W. moderale. N.W. N. little. W^ e^fatpined the traps a^ ufUal, aqd Jack went for a fpring fpare, which J tailed on Earl Ii]and the fecpad inftapt ; ^lut a marten being caught in the fnare ha4 carried i^ off alfo. The tickles are opened again by the fpring tides. Much drift and fevere froft in the morning, more moderate afterwards, and a fine evening. , .... ,,, , A clear, pleafant day, with fevere froft. I n^^e pTep^ra- tiohs for a cruife on a party of pleafure. „,, , . > . Monday 22. ^j- }ja]f p^fl; fevcn this morning, taking four men with n^e, and our proy ifions on two Nefcaupick fleds, one ^rawn by t\vQ Newfoundland dogs,, the other' by two of th^e men by turns, I fet off for Ifthmiis Bay, and arrived there at half paft thr^e o'clock. We went to t^e Ijeft inn in the place, which was a fpot of ftrong wood, under a hill on the weft fide, and there made a gooc^ fire, by which we l^y. By the way, we met with two crofs-foxes in a couple of my traps, and faw a filver-fbx by the South Hare Ifland, and alfo fome old tracks of wolves. Clear, m^ld weather all day, and till midnig^u. .; f i.i .; Tuefday 23. N. E. hard. At one o'clock this morning, it began to b^ow, fnow, and drift exceedingly hard, infomuch that we coi^ld not go out of tlie wood. '■•!'■: tii .;:> Wednef. 24, N.W. pong. modtrate. taim. At five this morning the gale and drift abated, but it con- tinued to fnow till ten o'clcck ; we then went out, crofted the bay and walked upon the cape land, but faw neither deer nor frefli flot; from which I conclude that they are gone upon the outer iflands. From the top of Mount Marten I could not fee any water at fea, although I could plainly difcern Wolf Ifland, which is thirteen leagues ofi^. We returned to our quar- ters at three in the afternoon, when it began to fnow agam, ,»M :, . '• ' '" : •- .1^ • ■ and «39 N. N. W, THE THIRD VOYAGE. and held it all night. Wc obfervcd, that a fox had been very near the fire; and, although the dogs were tied up there, he had the impudence tbignaie a hole in a bag and carry off a piece of pork. It continued to fnow till half pad ten this morning, when '"''"jjj'^'^* it cleared up and we fet off homewards. The fox came again ««/«. laft night, and we havmg fecured our provifions, he revenged himfelf by cutting the harnefs from the fled, and carrying it off; together with a racket, which diftreffed us not a lit- tle, however we repaired the lofs in the beft manner we could. The day was fevere, the wind in our faces, and the fnow foft, which made it laborious walking. Finding the peo- ple could not keep pace with me, I puflied forward by myfelf, and felt very ftout until I palled Black Head; but then, the fnow growing lighter and deeper, (by being flieltered from drift) I funk up to my knees even in Indian rackets, and foon was tired fb completely, that it was with the utmofl; difficulty I got home; and even when within gun-fliot of my own houfe, I was almoff ready to lie down and give it up. I got home at half pall five in the evening, and fent four men to meet the others, who did not get in till eight o'clock, and were as much tired as myfelf; had I not fent them alliftancc, they mofl likely would have periflied. The diflance from hence to Ifthmus Bay, I judge to be fifteen miles. A good filver-fox was brought out of one of my traps on Monday, and Jack had a white one on Wednefday. A clear day, with low drift, and fevere froll. Hayes and Jack vifited their traps, and each of them had I't^i f\ a marten. ,, , . Some fnow and drift, with fharp weather. All hands went round bur traps; the weflern furriers had Saturday 27. T 2 one 240 1776. Janiiaiy. JV. N. m Mule. hard. Sunday £8. Kfujh. Monday 39, N. V, W. frejh. Tuefday 30. N. W. Wcdnef. gi. W. Utilii February. Th'jrfday I. calm. IV.littU. THE THIRD VOYAGE. one carried away, and four of mine were flruck up; there were a good many foxes going. Dark, mild weather till one o'clock, and then fnowed« drifted and froze very hard for the reft of the twenty-four hours.^ Dull, fevere weather. Notwithftanding the weather is fo ex- tremely fevere, yet the cold feels healthy and pleafant; much more fo than the winters of Europe; nor does it ever caufe a perfon to (hake. ■. . ...,>.., . ., .- . All hands went round the traps; the eaftern furriers had a grizzled wolf, the weftern ones found the trap which they loft on Saturday, with the toe of a fox in it. A clear day, with (harp froft, but very warm and pleafant in the fun, and under the wind. [ ,, , ; . , .v ' r • . • ' u We vifited our traps again to-day, and the weftern furriers had a wolvering: feveral foxes had been going about the traps, but I cannot keep them in order by reafon of the fnow drifting fo much. Hazy weather, with much drift, and fharp froft. Upon examining our refpeftive walks, I had a crofs-fox, and Jack (hot a fpruce-game. The eaftern furriers took four traps out of Hayes's cat-path down towards Goofe Cove. Clear the fore part of this day, and the latter part hazy, with fevere froft the whole of it. - , , ,, .// The bufinefs of this day was as follows: the eaftern furriers had a crofs-fox and carried out two more traps from the cat-path. Alfo, Jack (hot a fpruce-game. A prodigious number of foxes had been every where. The glare of the fnow was offenfive to my eyes to-day, for the firft time. Clear, and very warm till the evening, when it became dull and fnowcd. All THE THIRD VOYAGE. All hands vifited their traps; Jack had a good filver-fox; a great run laft night again, but they are very fliy at the traps. Clear, till noon, cloudy the reft of the day, and a little fnow in the evening. 141 1776. February: Friday 8. IVind calm.' W.frtjh. tatm. Saturday 3. W.Jlrong.' The eaftern furriers, Jack and I, vifited our traps but got nothing; one of the weftern men attempted to go his round but the feverity of the weather obliged him to turn back. I s.w.hard, returned by the back-fhore and had great difficulty to ftem the wind; and in croffing Signal Hill, my whole forehead was much burnt, but on the application of fnow, it went off again. A clear Iky; it drifted very hard, and froze feverely. Sunday 4« N. N. W. Jlrong. Monday g. 5. W. N. IV. littlt. taint. Much drift in the morning, but it abated afterwards, and the froll was fevere all day. All hands went round the traps. A great many foxes were going every were laft night, but they were very fhy ; they dug at feveral of my traps. I killed a fpruce-game with ball, and mifled a groufe. Cloudy till noon, and clear afterwards, with intenfe froft all day. All hands went their rounds; the eaftern furriers had a wolf^ and one of them burnt his ear. A great number of foxes were going in my walk, but they were all very ftiy. At night William Mather (the head cooper) came down from Paradife to defire two men might be fent there, to affift the crews ; he fet off this morning about half paft nine o'clock. A clear fky, with intenfe froft. The furriers vifited their traps, but got nothing; I ftayed wcdnef. 7. al home to difpatch the cooper. Continual fnow, and the froft abated. The Tuefday 6, «. liitle. calm. N. W. little. N. W. modcratct 'H 142 1776. February. Thurfday 8. fVind N. by E. moderate THE THIRD VOYAGE. The cooper, with one furrier from each walk, let out for Paradife. There are now only Martin Kidney, Patrick Hayes, Jack, and myfelf left with traps; for I took off John Hayes from the cat-path on the firll inflant, and abandoned it, as it did not anfwer. We all took our refpeftive walks, and I had a yellow fox. ^ Dark, mild weather with a httle (how. ■ ■ .- 'i^ Friday 9, N. fr,Jh. many Jack and I went our rounds : there were not going laft night, or their tracks were drifted up. A good deal of fnow and drift, with moderate froft. foxes Saturday to. J* N, moderate. faint: Sunday ii» N. E. hard. Early in the morning I was attacked with a violent com- plaint in my bowels, and continued fo all day, but in the even- ing I was better. Jack went round my traps and his own, but got nothing : Martin Kidney had a marten ; and a wolvering had carried one of his traps a long way into the woods, and at laft had eaten himfelf out. Clear, with fharp froft. I was very indifferent all this day and did not get up till four in the evening ; but after eating a comfortable mefs of wolf broth, with a little of the boiled meat, I became fomewhat better. ^ It fnowed and drifted hard all day. ' ^' Monday 12. j^^^j^^ ^^^ j ^^jjj- j-Qund our traps, but got nothing ; they were all drifted up, and one of mine is buried fo deep, that I mderate. ^^^^ ^^^^^^ f^^^ • j j^ ^^^ middle of Mav. A clear day, with fharp froft, and much drift in the morning. Tuefday 13. All hands vifited their traps; the weftern furrier had a yel- *' low-fox, and, Jack and I had a marten each. He afterwards went r THE THIRD VOYAGE. went to Diver Ifland, where he faw the tracks of many foxes, one of a white-bear and two of wolves ; and in Sandwich Tickle, he faw feveral winter feals. The eaftern furrier and another man went to Huntingdon Ifland, but faw nothing. A clear day, with fevere frofl:. All hands went their rounds : Jack had a fine filver-fox, I had a crofs-fox, and P. Hayes a yellow one. Jack brought home two traps and carried them to Diver Ifland, where he tailed them for foxes. A clear day, with hard frofl;. Early this morning I fent Martin and J. Hayes on a cruife to Thurfday 15. White-bear River ; another man went to Martin's traps, and the ^' ^"^' refl; of us vifited our own. P. Hayes had a yellow-fox. Jack s. iv. jujhi carried another trap to Diver Ifland, and I Ihifted feveral of s.fujii. mine. A clear, fevere day. M3 •776. February. Wind W. modtrale. Wednef. 14. IV. littU. N.W.freJhi P. Hayes, Jack, and I ^vent round our traps; Jack brought home three of his from the fouth fide of the harbour, and had a good crofs-fox on Diver Ifland. In tlic evening, a wolf came before my door, I laid the greyhound on him, and followed him with my gun in hopes the dog would bay him, but the wolf made a running fight, and the dog durit not clofe with him. Very mild weather all day ; dull and lowering till the even- ing, it then fnowed fafl; in fmall flakes. Jack, P. Hayes, and I went round our traps ; the former carried the three which he brought home yeflerday to Diver Ifland. As I was returning home, I difcovered a wolf at one of Hayes's traps in Great Marlh^ I watched him with my glafs, - .. ' and Friday 16", calm. s. ir. N. IV. N. M- IK link. Saturday \y, W, Jlroii!', 144 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. February. fVind Jr,Jh. W.JrtJk: N. W. pong. Sunday 18. W. by N. hard. Monday 19. W. N. W. Jtrong Tuefday 20. frtjk. and law him go a great number of times round it, trying to rob it from every fide, but without accomplifhing his purpofe; he then went to another, which he tried in the fame nianneri but not fo long, and afterwards turning into Laar Cove, took my footing, and robbed fix of my traps in fucceflion, by dig- ging at the backs of them. I waylaycd him at the fcventh, and waited for him as long as the feverity of the frofl would permit me, and (hould have killed him, could I have remain- ed there a little longer; but being almoil frozen ftiff, I walked gently towards him, and when he perceived me, he went off into the woods. I lofl another trap in the drift. A clear day, with very iharp froil and much drift both morn- ing and evening. After breakfad, I took Jack with me and went round my traps, in expedation of finding the wolf in one of them, but was difappointcd. It froze and drifted fo very hard, that we had great dif- ficulty in getting home again. The weather was fo bad to-day, that we durft not venture our nofes out of the houfe, for fear they (hould not find their way in again. p. Hayes, Jack, and I went to our traps; the former faw a wolf in Great Marlh, and two others were all round, and even walked over my houfe laft night; one of them vifited fome of my traps, robbed the fpring fnare, and cut the line it was tied by. Three were about Jack's traps on Diver Ifland: in fhort, they are now fo very plentiful, that their tracks arc to be met with every where. This afternoon, the two men, whom I fent out on Thurfday laft, returned without killing any thing: they faw a ftout white-bear on Sandwich Bay the day H5 THE THIRD VOYAGE. day they left this place, and purfued him to Red Ifland, and ( — ^ » then went to the boat-builder's houfe at Paradife. The next ri"^'. day they went down the bay, and lay on the north fide of Cooper's Cove; and on Saturday they got to White-bear River, where they faw much flot of deer. All Sunday and Monday they were confined to their fire- fide by bad wcathci, or lliey think they fhould have flood a good chance for fome A'cnifon. This morning, they left White-bear River, their pro- vifions being expended. They faw the frefli tracks of wolves every where. A clear day and fevere frofl; with fome drift. All hands vifited their traps; fome wolves had been round Wednef. ct, them all, and P. Hayes had an old grizzled one. At three o'clock in the afternoon, as I was (landing at the door, I ob- ferved a wolf going down the tickle, by the fide of the water which is not frozen, and flop at the lower end. Taking my gun and dog I went towards him ; but he never took the leaft notice of the dog, until he got ^vithin a few yards of him, and then went off in a gentle canter, making a running fight: the dog foon left him and went to the water fide; at the fame time I faw Jack creep down and fire a fhot, which I fuppofed was at a feal. When I returned home, the boy foon after came in and informed me, that the wolf had chafed a deer into the water, and that it was flill there. I went with him im- mediately, and fhot it through the head : it proved an old, dry hind, was with calf and very fat ; the head and carcafs weighed one hundred and fifty-five pounds. Dull, mild weather with much drift. Wind. IV. S. IV. Jlrong, Jack and I went round our traps, and he brought home three, which were all that remained on the fbuth fide of the Thnrfdjy 23. harbour. Thank God, I had fome venifon for dinner to-day; ^'•^- "'• Vol. II. U having hard. i/jja 1776. February, Friday flj, IVind II'. S. IV. frrjh. (V. N. W. Unit. Saturday fi4« N.W. mn/rrUle, Jkrmy. THE THIRD VOYAGE. having Icarcc taflcd any thing for thefe ten weeks pad, except white-bear, wolves, and foxes. I have lo great a diflike to failed meat, that I would rather eat any animal whatfoever that is frclh, than the bell beef or pork that is falted. A clear day ; fcvcre froll with much drift. All hands vifitcd their traps. A great many foxes and wolves had been in Huntingdon Harbour, and about Diver liland; all the traps at the latter place were robbed, and many of the others; but they were fo much drifted over that they could not ftrike up. Jack carried out and tailed thofe which he brought home yefterday. Severe froll and clear till noon, dull and mild afterwards. I went with Jack round Diver Ifland: a wolf had vifited fe- veral of his traps, and had been caught in the lad, but had got out again. At the weft end of the illand we met with the frefli Hot of a deer, which I followed to the top of the wefternmoll hill, where I obferved a wolf had attacked a deer ; and, from obferving fome ravens, I believe he had killed it in the woods on the north fide; but the weather then coming on fo exceed- ingly bad, I made the bell of my way home, and was met by four men who were in queft of me. After fome difficulty in finding the road we arrived fafe. I obferved that numbers of foxes and martens traverfe the woods on that ifland, in queft of fpruce-game and rabbits; which, from their tracks, mufl be very plentiful. P. Hayes looked at my traps and his own, and brought a rabbit out of one of mine. Martin went to Muddy Bay, and faw the frelh ilot of a deer at the narrows. Jack was froft-burnt on one of his wrifts, but the application of fnow foon took it off. A clear morning, but afterwards dull, and at one o'clock it began to blow and drift exceflively hard. A fevere froft all day. Jack THE THIRD VOYAGE. Jack faw fevcial bcdlamcrs in Cartwright Tickle, A clear day, with fcvere froft. M7 W.tittk. a. Unit. •776. Februvy. Sunday 35, All hands vifitcd their traps : fomc foxes and a wolf had been Monday is. at feveral of mine, and the latter robbed fix. I Ihifted three '*''*'"''•• fmall, and one of the large ones. The weftern furrier brought the wolvering which ate himfclf out of a trap on t'le tenth inflant. He alfo went upon the fouth vel pa.»: of Ea:l in.ind in quell of deer, hut fa\v none, nor i^ry freTa Ho!:; noi coulct he perceive that they ever made any flop tin re, but .^ .ol^id in a line between Mealy Mountains and the higfx Iimd of Dykes River. Plenty of wolves had been about Diver Jfiiind, and below Black Head. Clear, with fevere frofl until the afternoon, cloudy mid i»ild afterwards. All hands went round their traps. Wolves vifit thevn ever/ Tu'^fJay »7. night, but are (hy ; when the 3 can rob them from beiii tid, ihey do; if not, they leave them. I cauglit a groufe ahve in my hands, on Signal Hill, as it was flecping with its head undei its wing, and tethered it behind one of my traps, md ta?.ed the other large one for a wolf. Cloudy, mild, thawing weather; tlie fno^v wet and a little rotten. This is the iirft thaw which we have h id fince the twenty-fifth of November. s. f. nadi'attt P. Hayes, Jack, and I went to our traps; the larn^f:r had a yellow-fox; feveral had been in hi:- wuik, and ^ome wolves round all. A marten had carried off the grnufe which I tethered yeflerday, and I faw three iroi „ on Signal Hill. At fix in the evening all Smith's crew came down to make a complaint againll him. Cloudy till two in the afternoon, then it began to fiiow hard, which continued for the remainder of the day : gentle frofl. U 2 All Wedncf. (aim. 28, A'. E. hard. 14^ 1776- Febmarj'. Thurfday 29. IVind S. E. modirate. THE THIRD VOYAGE. All hands, except myfelf, went to their traps, and Martin had a lead-coloured fox. Early in the morning I fent Jack in quell of the groufe which I faw yefterday, and he foon returned with them all. I flayed at home to hear the complaints of the builders' crew, and to write to him on the fubjeft. Cloudy, mild, thawing weather all day ; but in the evening it began to fnow and freeze. Jack went to one of his traps on Earl Ifiand and brought a N. hard, rabbit : on examining it, I find the white coat is an additional one which it got in autumn, and will lofe it again in fpringi it is compofed of long, coarfe, king-hairs : the fummer fur-coat remaining underneath, and retaining its colour. Clear, fharp, frofly weather, with much drift all day. March. Friday t. Saturday 2. N. W. modtralt. Sunday 3. N. N- IV. little, pong. littlt. Monday 4. W, modtralt. At fun-rife I fent the Paradife people away. All hands went round their traps, but moll of them were drifted up, feveral robbed, and one of mine was ftruck up by a wolf: many foxes had been in Muddy Bay, and plenty of wolves in the other walks. Jack faw the flot of a large herd of deer, which had gone down Sandwich Tickle, and feveral wolves after them. A clear day, with JGharp froll. Martin and P. Hayes walked this morning to the back of Earl Ifland in quefl of deer, where they faw much frefh flot, and the tracks of many wolves ; the latter went afterwards to his traps and brought a crofs-fox. Jack looked at fome of his own traps, and my two large ones ; he faw fome more frefli flot of deer in Diver Tickle. Dull, fliarp, frofly weather all day; it drifted hard the mid- dle part of it, and was clear at night. All hands went round their traps : Jack found the carcafs of a feal buried in the Ihow on Diver Ifland, Wolves and foxes having ^49 1776. March. IVtnd w. s. ir. Jlrong. moderate, THE THIRD VOYAGE. having frequented the place a good deal, he tailed a couple of traps near it. Martin returned over part of Earl Ifland, in hopes of meeting with deer, but faw none: many foxes had been in Muddy Bay. I had the fnow thrown off my houfe; it being drifted over very high. Clear till noon, then grew hazy, and drifted till the evening. Severe froft all day. I went round my traps ; a wolf had been in one of them, and Tucfday 5. after carrying it to fome diftancc into the woods, in which he ^- "'• '""''^• was much hampered: he had gnawed down feveral young trees as thick as my ancle; and got out, with the lofs of one of his toes. Severe froft, with much drift all day. I fent four hands off early this morning, to Huntingdon, and Wednef. 6. Bald Ifland in queft of deer. Jack and I wczit round our traps ; ^' ''"''• I had a marten, and tailed two traps in my walk, which P. Hayes brought yefterday out of his. ^- ^- /"f'' Dull, with Iharp froft till noon, which then abated, and it began to fnow; at three o'clock it changed to fmall hail; and at five cleared up, and proved a mild evening. Jack went round his traps, and I examined half of mine; Thurfd.y;. when, meeting the deer hunters, and the walking bt'ng ex- J;J; ceedingly bad, I returned with them. They met witii the frefh flot of fix deer yefterday^ foon after they got upon Huntington Ifland, and followed them to the eaftward, until the weather forced them to take fhelter in the woods. This morning the fnow was fo rotten, they could not walk on the Ifland; therefore, they made the beft of their way home. There was fo free a tha\/ laft night, that the roof of my houfe leaked, and much fiiow was gone olf the ground by day- break. The moderate. 150 1776. March. Friday 8. lfindS.1V. N. W. N. N. IV. JrtJIi. Saturday 9. AT. W. hale. frfjii. Sunday 10. W. frejlii N. W.fnjh. Monday 1 !• 5. W. frtjh. modtMte; THE THIRD VOYAGE. The weather continued mild till ten this morning, when we had a fmart Ihower of hail, after which it froze (harply. All hands went to their traps; Martin ftruck his up, and brought two of them home; P. Hayes, brought three of his, and I had a filvcr-fox. I fct the peopic to fell and hew killick claws. Sharp frofl, a clear forenoon, but hazy afterwards. P. Hayes, Jack, and I went round our traps; the former brought in two of his, and left them in my walk : three wolves had been round Jack's walk, one had looked at a trap of mine, but did not like it. Small fnow and gentle frofl till noon ; it drifted hard, with clear, fharp, frofly weather afterwards. After breakfaft, I took a walk to the fouth fide of the har- bour with John Hayes, to look for timber to build a flore- houfe : we found almoft as much as would do, but it is drag- gling ; there is none good, (except for wharf-building,} near the water fide in this harbour. A clear, fe\'cre day. Early this morning. I fcnt Martin and another man to Bald Ifland in queft of deer ; they returned in the evening without having feen any thing but the tracks of two large white-bears, which had gone from thence to Huntingdon Ifland, and fome old flot of deer which had gone there alfo from Groufe Ifland. Jack and I went to our traps ; a wolf had vifited feveral of mine, but robbed none; I faw a brace of groufe on Signal Hill, and in the evening I fent Jack after thcni, but they were gone. /V/. // A clear, fevcrc day. i^-K P. Hay cs. re THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1^2 1776. March. Tuefday 12. mnd W. N. IV. moderate. P. Hayes, Jack, and I vilited our traps ; a wolf had robbed one of mine and looked at fome others. I alfo went to Laar Pond, and from thence to the top of a high hill, which lies between it and Goofe Cove, from whence I had a good view of the country round about. It is very mountainous, with but few ponds or marfhes, and covered with bad wood, which is chiefly fmall, old, flunted, black- fpruce. I obferved a chain of ponds, or marflies run from the fouth fide of Goofe Cove, acrofs to Table Bay ; a fmall part of which, I could fee. The Gannct Ulands on one fide, and Wolf Iflands on the other were plainly to be difccrned, but there was no water in fight. From the Gannet Iflands inwards, the ice was new made, and clear of fnow; without, was the main jam, perfeftly firm. To the northward, the coafl: is low, with many fmall iflands; from which I judge it would be dangerous to navigate from hence to fea that way. On the hill there was much tracking of groufe, and fome of fpruce-game in the woods; alfo, figns of porcupines, but I could find none. I was plcafingly en- tertained with the melodious fingingof the crofs-beaked linnets; they remain all winter with us, and feed on the feeds of black I'prucc. What made their mufic more agreeable, was the no- velty ; this being the firll time that I have heard the note of any bird this year, except the jay, which chants its fliort, coarfe tune every mild day through the ^vhole winter. Clear till three o'clock, but grew dull afterwards, and there was much lefs froft; than yeflierday. P. Hayes, Jack, and I went round our traps; tlie former had Wednef. ij. a fpring of one of his fingle-Ipring traps broken by a wolf, ^- ^- ^• and another wolf had eaten a filver-fox out of mine : it is very remarkable, that, that trap has caught five filver foxes this winter, and nothing elfe. I tailed three more traps in my walk, and fliot a groufe. Much hard. frejh. 152 1776. March. Thurfday I4i mnd jr. s. ir. Jrcvg. /"/•' Friday 15. iV. N. E: flrong. J HE IIIIRD VOYAGE. Much drift with Ihow this morning early; clear, with fharp froft the reft of the day. P. Hayes and I vifited our traps; he brought in the re- mainder of his, and left them in my walk. In the afternoon, two men came from Paradifc Avith letters from the headman there. As I was going to bed to night I perceived myfelf to be attacked with the fcurvy. I have long had fomc trifling complaints, to which I have paid no attention ; but why I fliould now have the fcurvy I cannot imagine, as I have tailed very little falted flefh, or filh for thefc twelve months paft ; have, drank great plenty of good fpruce-beer, but no drams of any kind, nor have I been the leaft heated with liquor: I have ufed a great deal of exercife ; having walked out every day that a man dare fliew his nofe to the weather, unlefs de- tained by indifpofition, or bufinefs; neither of which has often happened, and I was always out from three to fix hours; fometimes more. Much drift in the morning, cloudy the reft of the day ; mo- derate froft. Early this morning I fent the Bay-men off. Jack and I went round our traps; my old plague the wolf had ftruck up one, and robbed two more : I believe this fcoundrel is one of thofe which got out of fome of the traps before, as he follows me every night, and is fo cunning that he will not go fair upon them ; but if he docs not take care of himfelf, I will be the death of him yet. I tailed two more traps in my walk. Drift and fnow with Iharp froft. Saturday 16. Jack and I went our rounds; he had two martens, and IV. liitu, {omz of my traps had been robbed by foxes, of which there variahu. had bccn a good run. I tailed another, which make thirty- iHtu. four fmall, and two large ones. Severe »53 1776. March. Sunday 17, Wind W. S. IV. tnodtrate. little. THE THIRD VOYAGE. Severe froft in the morning, lefs, the reft of the day; clear, with hot fun, and very warm out of the wind. ' This being St. Patrick's day, the people as ufual, got beaftly drunk. I fent Jack round my walk, and he brought the fore- half of a good crofs-fox; the curfed wolf had eaten the reft. I walked to the water-fide in the tickle, where I faw two bed- s.modtrttet lamers and fhot at them both, but milled. A cloudy day with gentle froft. Jack and I went our roiinds, and he had a yellow-fox: the ^"^ Wolf had been in my walk and robbed fuch traps as he could get at the back of. I faw a brace of groufe on Signal Hill. Small fnow and mild till two this afternoon ; much fnow and it drifted hard, with fliarp froft afterwards. Jack and I vifited our traps ; I fliot a groufe and tailed two guns for the wolf, which had not been in my walk laft night, nor were there many foxes ftirring. The fealers began to fell tim- ber for, a ftore-houfe, on the fouth fide of the harbour. This was a very fine day, although it froze Iharp; the fiin has now got fo much power, that it gets the better of the froft, when the fky is clear and there is not much wind ; which was the cafe to-day. Jack and I went round our traps ; I ftiot an American bull- finch, which is as large as an Englifti thrufli. They come here in fpring to breed, and leave us at the latter end of fummer; this bird was full of partridge-berries. Dark, mild weather with a little fnow. Tuefdjr la.- N.N.E. little. Wednef. 20, 5. frtlh. Jack vifited his traps; and I examined the half of mine. Thurfdayai. Tweegock was taken very ill to day with a continual vomiting. '^- ^- ^• Dark, thawing weather with fome fnow. Vol. H. X I went k 154 THE THIRD VOYAGE. I went round my traps; a wolvering had robbed one of the large ones, which was fo frozen that it would not ftrike up, and I had a marten in a fmall one: I brought home one of the guns which had got wet. Tweegoc is flill very bad, nor has any thing which I have given her, been of the leaft fer- vice. Dull with fmall fnow till t\vo o'clock; moderate froft with fome drift afterwards, w , .1 ,:'j>- . Saturday 23. N. N. W. ■mcderate. N, moderate. Sunday 24, E. hard. Jack and I went round our traps; he had a crofs-fox, and I had a wolvering in the fame trap which was robbed yefterday; a marten had been in another but had efcaped. I brought home the other gun. The girl is no better. This was a very fine day; clear with moderate froft. ' ' The girl is quite well to-day, and went about her work as This was quite the reverfe of yefterday, for it froze fliarply with much fnow and drift. ;,, : ;. j, Jl ,,; ^i; tij,.! :;->„ Monday 25. S. W. frejli. Jack and I vifited our traps ; I had a crofs-fox, and faw the tracks of feveral others. The wolf returned laft night, and robbed two ; one of which he ftruck up, and trod fairly on the other, (a large one) but it was too much drifted to ftrike up. I faw fome fmall land birds ; they are row returning daily. A great deal of fnow fell fincc yefterday morning; it drifted this morning, thawed in the middle of the day, and froze moderately afterwards; the fky was cloudy with breaks at intervals, at which time the fun {hone very hot. .• biitt .. Tuefday 26. J fg^t four men to Huntingdon Ifland to try for deer. Jack little. and I went round our traps; one of mine was ftruck up by a V'caim.'' marten, and fome others robbed by it. Jack went to Loon Point, THE THIRD VOYAGE. Point, where he faw many marks of otters, and abundance of winter feals in the tickle. Clear in the morning, dull the middle of the day, and fnow afterwards. ^55 1776. March. ■ •ft In the evening one of the deer-hunters returned, havmg Wednef. a;, galled his heel; he faid that they had found a dead feal near s.'^rfng, Huntingdon Ifland, with two foxes feeding on it, and that ^ ^^ ^, they had feen the flot of only one deer. Jirons. Much drift, fevere froft, with fleet at times. Jack and I went round our traps; I had a marten's foot, faw Thurfday 18. the tracks of feveral others, and had the dead feal brought to hu'u. ' Laar Cove. At two o'clock the rcfl; of the fliooting party re- turned and brought three ptarmigans ; they faw no figns of deer, but faid that foxes are in great plenty on that ifland, and that they faw feveral. Yeflerday there was a line of water along ftiore about a mile broad ; but to-day the drift-ice was clofe in again. The eldefl; Indian woman, who is far gone with child by one of my people, appears to be affli6led with the fcurvy. Clear in the morning, fevere frofl; all day, and dull after- wards. It fnowed, drifted, and froze hard all day, but cleared up Friday 29. in the evening. N.nr./refi: Jack and I went round our traps, and I had a marten, which Saturday 39, was fo hard frozen to the trap, that I could not difengage it till it was brought home to thaw. Several foxes and ravens had been about the feal in Laar Cove : I took up three traps, and tailed them round it. A clear day with fevere froft, and hot fun. • ' • ; N.N. E. little. X2 Jack "sS I 1776. March. Sunday 3 1 . Wind. S. fV. kard, A]wiU Monday r. N.N.W. fnjh. modtrattt Tuefday a. W.frtjh. talm. Werfnef. 3 , W.fujh. W. S. W. Jrejk. THE THIRD VOYAGE. Jack looked at the traps which are about the feal ; feveral foxes and a couple of wolves had been at them, but none were caught; the traps being drifted up. A dark day, with fevere froft and much drift. Wc vifited our traps; I removed the feal into the woods, and tailed one large trap and fix fmall ones round it: alfo removed the other large trap, and a fmall one which was by it a little far- ther into the woods, as they were too much expofed to drift. Clear, I'evere froft, with fome drift : This has been by much the fevereft winter I have yet experienced on this coaft; but whether it be owing to my living a degree and a half farther north than formerly, or to the feverity of the feafon I cannot yet tell. It ceafed drifting at night. . , • . I fent one of the fealers and Jack to White-bear River, to try for deer, and to reconnoitre the country thereabouts. I went round my traps, and had a crofs.fox in one, another was robbed by a marten, and I fhifted two. Two men digging the fnow away from my houfe; it being even with the eaves at both ends, and much higher at the fides Clear, Iharp, frofty, pleafant weather all day, but the froft abated at night. At three o'clock this morning Nooquaftiock, the eldeft India woman, was taken in labour : my (kill in thefe matters, was now fairly put to the teft, for flie had both a crofs birth and twins, but at two in the afternoon, I delivered Iier of a brace of daughters. I then vifited my traps, and had a marten; another had been at the feal, but the traps were fo loaded with wet fnow, they could not ftrike up. Several foxes, and fome wolves had looked at many of them, but they would not med- dle with any. Clear, THE THIRD VOYAGE. «57 Clear, (harp froft in the morning, and it thawed freely during r— ^^^-^ tlie reft of the day. 1776. April i Thick fnow, with gentle froft till noon ; a filver thaw and Thurfday 4. fog for the reft of the day. '*'/J/* I had four hogftieads of flops brought into the dining«rooni, j.^^^ the ftore-room being leaky. n. n. eI Small fnow, fharp froft, and much drift all day. *'"'' This morning the porch was drifted full up to the roof, for eight feet in length within the door ; infomuch, that we could not get out of the houfe, until a couple of the fealers came and dug it away from the outfide, while my wooder and the women cleared it from within; the wooder was obliged to make his exit up the chimney to call for alliftance. The filver thaw which we had on Thurfday, has made fuch very bad walking, that I am afraid the deer-hunters will be in great diftrefs for want of provifions, unlefs they killed fomething on Wednefday; for they are twenty miles off, and I fuppofe have expended what they took with them. The weather was much worfe than yefterday till four in the afternoon, when it cleared up, and became fine. I went round fome of my traps, and found fix of them rob- bed by foxes, and five out of the fevcn about the feal, ftruck up ; a marten was in one, and a jay had been eaten out of another; the other three, I fancy had been ftiiick up by jays. At three o'clock the deer-hunters returned and brought a marten, which they had fliot as it was feeding upon their pro- vifions. They did not get into the river till Wednefday, and the weather has been fo bad fince, that they could not ftir from their fire except for a fliort time on Thurfday morning; they thea Saturday 6, N. L Jltrmy, Sunday 7. N./reJI:. |r,H A|iiil, IVioJ 1,111,. A', wmln*!,. A .V. j>:. 11 IK rillRl) Vi)VA(;i.. llicn walked into du" \v(mm1s, wIumi* tlicy loiuid plenty ol' c.\- trllcMl llwarils r.tiyie Ri\'ei'. It w.is cxee* lUt led as innt h as i nt glals. .nul evt ry tree h.id alliinied a moll hiilliant Inllre, IVoni the died of the (ilver thaw. Six ol' my traps were drilled o\cr lu um to be ulelels lor the prelent. Cleat, with Iharp IVoll all day; a little drill in the forenoon. Jack and I vilited onr traps; a yellow-fox left a lej; in one of mine: I followed him hv his ir;uk, a long time in the woods, and once came lo near, that the dog windeth in Jack's walk aiul mine. Dull, lliurp weather. Jack anil I went oiii iinmds; I had a crofs-fox and fevcral other traps were lobbed. bnl nothing had been in his walk. At !KX"»n live deer came wn the harbour and erollcd Great Marlh and I.aar Cove, for Huntingdon Ulaiul: they crolled my track while I was looking at mv traps at the bottom of the cove, and palled within Ihot. but I did not fee them. Dark, thawing weather all il.iy ; in the e\ening the cloud5> CON broke, aiul ii began to IVee.e gently. jack and I n iiited our traps; I had a marten, fliot a fprucc- game. and obferved the tracks of two wolves upon the Hot of the deer which palled velleiilav. Jack had a yeilow-fox, and ten oi his other traps weif iT>bbcd. Dull, ihawmg Aveathcr, \vith Ihow in the evening. j , THE THIRD VOYAGE. J59 Jack ami I went routul our traps; his dog caught a while- roat, but he let it go again. Clear, hot, thawing wiather. Jack went part of iho way to his trajis, :in(l returned on account ol' the bad weather. I went to the tickle and tried lor liflj, but could not cateli any. Siieers were let up for the nets, and the fnow thrown oIK tluin. Martin went to Bald Kland; lie returned at dark with li\ Ipruce-game and inform, ed mc that the ice was Hill fall on the Ihore, with hnall pools betvv( en the jam and the firm ice. In the afternoon I per- ceived a bilch while-bear, and a cub of lall year coming dovvn the harl)Our on the ice; we all got our guns and vvaited until they came within half a mile of the lioufe, when they winded it and turned oil for Earl Illand: I then Hipped the greyhound, and we all gav«* chale. As loon as the dog got near them, the old beat lurn' il .il)out and attacked him with the greatell fury; flie made leverul lliokes at him Avilh her fore-paws, but by his agility Iieavoideil i lie blows. He then quitted the bitch and purfued the cub. which he caught near the illand and pulled it down, but was obliged to defill on the approach of the enraged dam. As he would not fallen on her behind, both of them gained the illand at the time we got up within fifty yards of them, when two ol" the peo[)le hred, and I fnapped my rillc fevcral lime ;, bui without clfeet, as the main-fpring I afterwards found was bioke. Two of the people followed them for fomc dillance into the woods, but, as they had not tlieir rackets and the fnow was very rotten, they could not overtake them. Cloudy, thawing weather all day, with a mild fhower of rain from tei\ to two in the afternoon; which is the firll we have had fincc the fi\tecnth of November lall. A|iril. 'llliitlil.iy I I. vaii(i/)te, Triday IJ. S. £. frr/l. Jack. ' I 1 60 1776. April. Saturday 13. IfittdS.S.E. Sunday 14. tariablt. little. Monday 15. variable. Utile, THE THIRD VOYAGE. Jack brought all his traps home ; I vifited thofe of mine which are upon Signal Hill, and faw a groufe there. Dark, thawing weather all day; foggy at noon, and rain in the evening. The nets being thawed, I had them hung upon (heers. Jack accompanied me to the top of Signal Hill in the afternoon, and we fat there till the evening. A prodigious deal of fnow is gone off within thefc laft three days. Dull, with fmall rain till two o'clock: broken clouds with fun, and very pleafant afterwards. Jack and I went round my traps, in which we found a filver fox and a marten, and I (hot a fpruce-game. I gave up twenty of them to him, confining my walk to the hill. It froze a lit- tle laft night, which made the walking very good till ten this morning. Clear, with a frofty air. Jack and I went round our traps ; he Ihot a fpruce-game, and brought the feal and fix traps to the hill, where I tailed them for foxes. Hazy, with fog both morning and evening; a flight froft all day. Jack and I vifitcd our traps, and faw five groufe upon the hill. In the evening we perceived a good fox crofling the har- bour for Earl Ifland ; we endeavoured to waylay him with the greyhound, but were too late. Dull and foggy, with gentle froll till two o'clock, a little rain with thaw afterwards. Thurfday 18. I fowed fomc muflard, crefTes, and onions in a tub, and hung 5. E. frrjh. -J yp j^ ^i^g kitchen. It rained all day, but cleared in the evening. I fent Tuefday i6. calm. E. S.F. little. Wednef. 17. E. S. E. Utile.' THE THIRD VOYAGE. i6t 1776. April. Friday ig. IVind If. mcdcatt. S. W. moderate. I fent four men to Dykes River with fome provifions, and they returned in the evening. Jack and I went round our traps; he fhot a groufe on the hill, where wc faw five, and in the evening he went there again and killed another; they arc beginning to change colour now. Several faddlebacks and a pair of eagles were feen to day; and from the top of the hill I could perceive that the ice was broken up on the outfide of Sandy Point. By the faddlebacks coming up here, I am cer- tain that the ice is gone oif the coaft, fo far as to leave a clear pafTage all along fhore. A clear day, with gentle froft. We went our rounds as ufual, and upon Great Marfh Jack Samrday 20. faw a wolf ilruggling in one of his fmall, double-fpring traps but jufl as he got up to him, one of the I'prings came olf and he got away. The boy then fhot him through the flank with a ball, and purfued him a long way into the woods; but not be- ing able to come up with him, he turned up to the top of the hill which I was upon the t\velfth ult. from \vlicnce he could fee that the ice was driven fome dillance off the coafl, and was broken up as high as the wed end of the north Hare Ifland. He brought home a porcupine and a fprucc-game. At day-light I fent all the fcalcrs to Dykes River, to cut timber for building falmon-houfcs there, but four of them returned m the even- ing. The tickles are daily breaking up llowly; the fnow goes off fail; and, as we have not had fo much as ufual this lad ^vin- ter, I expe6l it will all be gone early. Plenty of faddlebacks come up here, and there are now many flocks of fiio\vbirds. Hazy, cloudy, mild weather all day : there \\ as a ihort, fmart fquall, with licet at one in the afternoon. Early this morning Jack went after the wolf, and met with s.nd.y ?i. him, not far from the place ^vhcrc he (luittcd his track vcller- ^'- '""'■ ^■ VOL. II. Y day; S. E. tutu. N. fmar liltle. 1 l62 1770. April. THE THIRD VOYAGE. day : but could not get a (hot, although his dog kept clofe to him for a long way, continually fnapping at him; yet he could not make him Hand at bay. The boy returned at feven in the evening, excefTively fatigued, and brought a yellow-fox. At ten this morning as I was Handing on the point in the tickle, I obferved four deer, going from the north-weft point ofHunting- don Ifland, for Sandwich Tickle. I endeavoured to waylay them at the weft end of Diver Ifland, but in attempting to make a fliort cut acrofs Earl Uland, I was fo hampered by the fnow, which was both deep and rotten, that I was almoft fpent with fatigue; and before I got upon Diver Tickle they were upon the ice in Sandwich Bay, and had pafled over the very fpot at which I was aiming. I returned upon the ice all the way, and found exceedingly good walking; the fnow being all gone, and no water upon it. I fcnt the men back to Dykes River this morning. Cloudy, mild weather. "• Monday c:, A', 1-itU. I went round my traps, and fat watching on the top of the hill for fome time, but faw nothing. The drift ice came in 'V £ J--Jh. again. Foggy, v^ith a little fleet in the morning early ; the middle of the day v/as cloud)', and it was clear in t!ie afternoon, with fliarp froll all day. Tuefday 23. E. frrjh. Jack and I vifited our traps; he had a yellow-fox, the leg of which I took olf the eighth iuftant. Foggy, dark, fr<)fl.y weather; fome fmall hail in the morning and it liiowcd laft afterwards. a» Wednef. 24. Hard gales with fnow, drift, and fliarp froft. all day; nrv .-dc- ff- rate in Uie evening. S Smart THE THIRD VOYAGE. Smart drift with fome fmall fnow at intervals, and (harp froft all day; in the evening it cleared up and ceafed drifting. Jack and I went round our traps ; he had a filver fox and a wolvering. He alfo went on the top of Black head, where he faw much tracking of foxes. It was a fine day, although the froft continued till the even- ing, ^v'hen a thaw came on. One man came from Dykes River for provifions, and re- turned in the evening. It fnowed fall all day, although the weather was mild. Jack and I went round our traps ; I (hot a groufe, he caught a yellow-lbx ; and in the evening, he caught a fculping in the watering- hole. The drift ice is gone off again, and the fmooth ice broken up as far as Egg Rock : a hole opened to-day at the weft end of this tickle. Clear, frofty weather all day ; it fnowed and drifted after dark. 1% 1776. April, Thurfday 25. IVindN.frt/k Friday 26, tv. E. S. litllt. Saturday s«% S.E. E.JreJh. Sunday 28. N.frt/h.- N.W.frf},; calm. Jack and I vifited our traps ; he carried out another, and Monday 29. tailed it for an otter below Black Head. variahu. iiltte. Hazy till four, and it fnowed the remainder of the day. E.fiejk. I examined my traps, but got nothing. At noon, a pair TuefJayso, of geefc came into the tickle, and at two o'clock a brace of a'- £■ /"/• wolves came over from the fouth fide of the liarbour, directly towards the houfe ; I waited to receive them at the door, but they cither winded or faw the fmoke, and turned down the harbour before they came within fhot. I immediately lan to the (op of Signal Hill, c.\'pe6ting they ivould get into fome of the traps, but they made a flreight courfe to Huntingdon liland. Y 2 I fcnt i6i 1776. April, iVind littlt. May. Wednef. i , K frejh. calm. Thurfday 2. S. liilU. W. W. N. W. ftrcng. THE THIRD VOYAGE. I fent Jack to try for ducks, and he faw plenty going to the northward, but killed none. Obferving a hind coming to- wards him as he was croITing the ice to Huntingdon Uland, he lay flat down, and flie palled clofe by him ; but he did not fire, on a fuppofition, that fhot would not kill her ; but he was miftaken: double Briflol fhot will kill deer at any time of the year, at twenty yards diftance, or more, if they give a fair broad fide ; now they are uncommonly thin. He fol- lowed her upon the ifland, and would have had a good fhot there, had not his dog mifbehaved. John Hayes and his crew returned in the afternoon, having finifhed their work. Hayes went to Paradife the twenty-firfl inflant, and faw the tracks of near a hundred white-bears which had lately crofTed the bay, between South-eafl Arm and the head of the bay. A cloudy, cold day; foggy, with rain in the evening. Two men were digging the fnow away from the fouth fide of my houfe, as I intend making a garden there. Fog, and filver thaw till three in the af'^^rnoon, the remain- der of the day was rainy. Jack vifited both my traps and his own. The remainder of the fnow was dug from the garden ground, fome of the hoops flowed in t!ie porch, the nets were examined on the fheers, the vat-fluff let up to dry, and the Iiogihead packs carried out to Brocket Point. Obferving that all the Reds 1 fbwed in a box on the eigliteenth ult. were dead by giving them two much heat, I fov/ed fome radifhes and inudard afrelh. One of the people fhot a marten. A currant bufii is in bud. Much of the tickle broke up to-day, and feveral gecfe flew by. Foggy, moill, and very mild till three o'clock, b",t a fharp froft after. Jack THE THIRD VOYAGE. 163 Jack and I vifited our traps. At fix o'clock this morning, I took my Ilation on the top of Signal Hill to watch for deer, which, at this time of the year, are generally travelling to the northward. At ten I difcovered tAvo hinds and a calf come round Black Head upon the ice, and make towards Great Marfli. I got within eighty yards of them and fired at one, but being greatly out of wind I miffed it. Erom thence they went out upon Cartwright Harbour and I followed ; Jack head- ed them and turned them back, I then Hipped the greyhound and we had a very fine courfe. The dog gained fall on them fo long as he had bare, rough ice to run upon, but he loll ground \vhen he landed, the fnow being both deep and rot- ten upon the ground. However, he purfued them acrofs the marfii and part of Huntingdon Harbour, but there gave them up, and they went to Huntingdon Ifland. I meafured the length of their flroke at fi-.ll fpeed and found it to be fixteen feet on an average. I fcnt two men downwards to fee how the ice ^vas, and two more to Dykes River for the things which they left there ; the latter two returned in the afternoon, and the former in the evening. They went upon north Hare Ifland, from whence they could not difcein any ice m the offing, and they faw fome ducks flying to the northward. I had a fkifF calked and payed, A clear, mild day. JV. S. IK fujl,. talm, Part of the garden ground ^vas dug, fome more hoops flow- ed in the porch, two fcaliuls which were on the back fhorc, were hung up to dry, and the fiiow was dug away from the fkiff which lies there. I flationed one man on Signal Hill to watch for deer, and another on the fouth fide of the harbour to repeat his fignal, but none appeared. Foggy with fnow early in the morning, but afterwards it rained a little j cloudy and cold all day. Jack Sunday 4, A'. littU, i66 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. May. Sunday 5, mnd variable. little. S. frejh. Monday 6. E.Jlrong. N. E. hard. Tucfday 7. A. N. E: Jlrong. moderate. calm. Wednef. 8. W./rcJk. Jack and 1 looked at our traps, and fat watching for deer for fome time, but faw none. John Hayes and his crew launch- ed a fkiif into the water, and got her to Black Head. Clear and hazy till eleven o'clock, and dull till three, after- wards it rained. The Otter was (hored up afreHi. It fnowed all day, and drifted hard in the evening, with fliarp froft. Jack went round my traps and his own. Some firewood was cut, and buoy-poles prepared to lay on ^he Tyrconnel Shoal. A great deal of the tickle is broken up lince yeflerday morning. Cloudy, with drift the fore-part of this day, clear in the evening. At three o'clock this morning I took John Hayes, his crew. Jack, the greyhound, and two Newfoundland dogs wirh me, intending to launch the fkiff into the water, and go a. duck {hooting. As they were hauling her along, I went forward to Pumbly Point, from whence I difcovered a white-bear lying on the ice near Huntingdon Ifland; we left the Ikiff, and all hands went towards him, but fmding the ice extremely weak in the middle of the channel we Hopped. I then lent one man round to drive him towards us: in. the mean time the bear went into a pool of water which was open near the ifland, and the man got on the other fide and fired at him-, but as he did not come out lb loon as I expected, I fent the refl of the people back for the Ikiff', intending to launch it into the water to him. He foon after got upon the ice, and came clofe up to me. I could have fent a ball through him; but I as wiflicd to have fome fport lirR, I flipped the greyhound at him, but he would not THE THIRD VOYAGE. 167 not clofe with him till the Newfoundland dogs came up; we then had a line battle, and they Hopped him until I got clofe up. As I was laying down one gun, that I might fire at him with the other, I obferved the ice which I was upon, to be To very weak, that it bent under me ; and I was at the fame time furrounded with fniall holes, through which the wa- ter boiled up, by the motion of the ice, caufed by my weight. As I knew ihe water there was twenty-five fathoms deep, with a llrong tide, my attention was diverted, from attempting to take a^vay the life of a bear, to the fafcty of my own ; and while I was extricating myfelf from the danger which threatened me, the bear bit all the dogs niofl: feverely, and made good his re- treat into the open water, which was at fome diflance lower down. Soon after he got upon the ice again, and made to- wards the brook in Goolc Cove, when we all gave chale a fecond time, and fome of the people came up with him at the mouth of the brook, but he got into the woods, and they could not follow him for want of their rackets. While this was doing, Hayes made me a fignal, and I loon perceived eleven deer upon the ice, near Punibly Point, coining downwards; I way- layed them at a point of one of the largell illands, but fhould not have had a Ihot, had they not, when they came abreall of me, fccn the people returning from tlie chafe of the bear. An old Hag then turned towards me and came within a hundred and twenty yards, when I lired and killed Iiini dead: the rert, which were hinds and calves, then puQied forvv'urd for Hare Illand I'ickle. vVe then broke the deer up, and made a very hearty meal on his humbles, which occafioncd my naming the illand, FiUbcUy. After which we hauled up the Ikiif on Pumbly Point, and returned home with the ^'cnifon. In Goofe Cove we faw the tracks of feveral white-bears, and the Hot of many deer; the latter had lately frequented FiUbelly vi.iy much. As I came back I found the ice very weak, between Black Head and the J 776. May, i68 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. the tickle, and fome of the people, in following my track, broke throuj^h, with one foot at a time, in feveral places. One of the Newfoundland dogs was bit through the flioulder by the bear, and near being killed. On my retpr.i home, I found three men from ParadifiL", ^vho were come to work here, provi- fions being fcarcc at that place. It froze Iharp till noon, and thawed freely afterwards. The day was clear, and the fun hot. ' Thurfday 9. fVind IV. N. W. moderate: N.N. E. little. Triday lo S. W. N. W. N. N. E. s. ly. moderate. frejh. At fun-rife this morning I fcnt all hands to launcli the fkifF into the water and go a fhooting towards Cape North. As foon as I arofe, I faw a wolf trotting up the fouth iide of the harbour. After breakfalt I went to my traps, and from the hill obferved another wolf come round Black Head ; I waylay- ed him in his road to Great Marfh, but he either winded or faw me and turned into Laar Co\'e. I had fome venifon hung out to jerk. Cloudy, with fome rain and fleet, but clear in the evening, with fharp frolt. After breakfafl: I fent the Indian women to Sional Ilill to pick partridge-berries and watch for deer. I then placed my- felf upon the ice, in the middle of the harbour, and at four o'clock they made me a fignal : foon after, kven deer came full gallop out of Great Marfli, but keeping near the north fhore, they palfed me at three hundred and fifty yards diflance. I then fired two guns without effect, and they ran up the harbour. They feldom travel fo late in the day, but, as the frofl did not go off till the afternoon, they durll not venture on the ice before the furface of it was thawed, for the wolves can kill them with the greateft eafe upon (lippery ice. Clear with fliarp frofl till one o'clock ; hazy with thaw after- wards, and it fnowcd fall at night. After THE THIRD VOYAGE. 169 After breakfaft, I went over Great Marfli, looked at Jack's traps there, and fhifted a large one : afterwards I fat till three o'clock watching for deer, and then returned by my traps, one of which I (truck up, for fear it fliould be carried into the water. In the evening a hind and calf came out of Salt Meadows and went up the harbour. At the fame time the people returned home, ha\ing killed nothing but a porcupine. They left the fkiff in a cove oppofite the fouth end of North Hare Ifland, and reported, that no ice was to be fecn in the offing. Jack looked at fome of his traps in his way home, and had two martens. Clear, raw weather. I kept one man on the hill all day to \»atch for deer, another on High Point to take the fignal from him, and Jack to watch at Laar Cove to get behind them. In fetting one of his traps he was caught by the hand, and the teeth went quite through. Some fnow and drift till nine o'clock, but clear afterwards; hard froft all day. 1776. May, SaturcLiy tl. IVind X. fV./refi; N. M E. frefh- Sunday 11. A^. A'. E. pong. /mart, moderate. littlt. I kept one hand on the hill all day, who faw two deer or Monday 13. wolves going to the nortliward, but could not diftinguifh which, n. w. frejh. Jack went round his traps; he fliot a fpruce-game, and had part of the foot of a wolf, which had carried one of his traps about two miles into the woods. All the firewood was brought over from Earl Illand ; there were four fkiff loads of it. I fow- ed fome muftard, crelles, and parfley in the dining-room, be- hind the (love. Two men were watching deer mod part of the day, and the refl were bringing the wood up from the water-fide; after Av'hich, they threw down the banks of fnow which \vere on the fouth fide and welt end of my houfc. Vol. II. Z In Tuefday 14. S. little. freJh. calm'. 170 Wedrer. 15. WW s. ff. Litlt. S. E. fujh. Thurfday 1 6. TV. N. E. moderate. Jqually. Jrtjk. Friday 17. W. Jiror,^. W, N. W. wwderalt. Saturday 18. W, moderate. N. N. E. noderate. THE THIRD VOYAGE. In the morning there was much fnow, imall drifting Ihow in the middle of the day, but the evening was clear, with (harp froft throughout tlie day. Two men and Jack were watching deer all day. Fifteen feal-nets were flowed in the ftorc-rjoin, fome more hoo])s put into the porch, the fur was hung out to air, and the remain- der of the pelts were (kinned out. The bridge of ice at the upper part of the harbour gave way to day, which makes clear water from the eafl end of the tickle to fome diftance above the narrows. A clear day, with fliarp froft. One man watched the deer as ufual ; the reft of the people were employed in cutting the ice round the (halloway, and in junking up the fire-wood. Some hounds and a loon ap- peared to-day for the firft time. A little fnow in the morning, fome fleet and rain in the after- noon, and at night it rained freely; thawed I'll day. Stormy weather with drifting fnow till the afternoon, it then grew more moderate; ceafed fnowing, but continued cloudy and dull the reft of the day, with fliarp froft. A watch was kept for the deer. Jack went round his traps, and ftruck them all up, except the two large ones, and brought in a wolvcring. I had part of the garden manured and dug over again. I then fowed fome radiflbes, turnips, carrots, onions, crefles, and fennel. Three more feal-nets were put into the ftore-room, the remainder of the hoops were ftowed away, fome empty caflcs were removed to Brocket Point, and one man drew fome of thofe oars, which were made at Ranger Lodge. • A couple of men went to Earl Ifland to take a view of t776. May. Windi N.N. Si medtratt. Sunday 19. N. V. fir, Jlrong N. fV. Jlrong^ S. W. modtratei Monday to* W. little. THE THIRD VOYAGE. 171 of Saudwich Bay, wliich tliey found to be frozen yet, and no r— ^ appearance of its breaking up. Many eider-ducks, divers, fhags, and other water-fowl came up to-day. There are now only narrow bridges of ice which prevent Sandwich, Diver, and Cartwright Tickle from communicating with the fca. A clear Iky, hot fun, and fharp frofl; all day. Jack removed the feal's carcafs to the place where I caught the wolf, and tailed fix traps round it. In the afternoon fome of the people went in a fkiff to the head of the harbour ; they faw plenty of gcefc and black-ducks there, and killed one of the latter. Sharp frofl all day, mild in the evening. At four o'clock this morning, I took all hands with me, and launched the (kiff which was here, over the ice into the water; I then took the other fkiff alfo, and proceeded to Blackguard Bay, there I detatched one of them into Hlhmus Bay, to make a fire and prepare for the night, and went in the other towards Cape North. We tried fome illands for eggs, but found none, and oblerved that there were hares upon the large illands. There were no ducks flying to-d.iy, and but few in the bay; wc killed four, as many groufe, two gulls, and a pigeon. The main jam flrctches away from within the outermoll Gannet, to the extremity of Black Iflands. We lay on the weft fide of Iflhmus Bay, at the fame place which I was at in January lafl. A very fine day ; clear, with a frolly air. Obferving that fix deer had croffed the neck of land yefler- Tuefday ai. day which we weie upon, I fent two hands towards Table it*. Bay, two more upon the Cape-land, five in one of the fkiffs a duck-(booting, and kept one with me on the hill above our tilt to watch for deer. Thofe Avho went on the peninfula, met Z 2 a hind E. little. S. E. littlt; IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^/ A // ^ ^A A 4^ ^ ^ 1.0 I2A 1.1 u< lU 122 £ U£ 12.0 u IL25 III 1.4 IE I 1.6 6" HiotQgraphic Sdences Corporation 23 WiST MAIN STtEiT WIBSTIi.N.Y. 14SM (716)S72-4S03 ^. ■ss <^ ;\ ■^ 1/2 THE THIRD VOYAGE. . a hind on the ice coming towards me, but they turned her to May.* the ifthraus. The other party faw eight deer crofs the ice from Ledge Ifland to one of thole which form North Harbour; thefe two parties killed a porcupine and three groufe ; the duck-fliooters killed a pair of ducks, and we killed another por- cupine near the tilt. Hazy weather. Wednef. 22. j^ ([^^ night it began to blow and fnow very hard, which '"^ ■ ' continued all the day, infomuch, that we could not flir out ; if.£. in the evening the gale abated, and it ceafed fnowing; a dull night. Thurfday 23 IV. S.E. S. little. S.W. IV. S. W. /rejh. Friday 94. K. E. pong. wuderott. At four this morning we fet off homewards. I landed on the weft end of Great Ifland, and obferved it to be a very convenient place for a fifliing-room : from thence we crofled over to Vcnifon Head, where two of the people landed and met with three deer, one of which they wounded, and drove into the water, where we killed it; it was a young hind. That place appears to be very much frequented by deer at this time of the year. We perceived the jam to come in fliore faft, and we are fure it muft be clofe in to the fouthward of us, as there are no ducks flying. On our return we found a bridge of ice acrofs Huntingdon Harbour, but it was not above a hun- dred yards broad: we attempted to launch one of the fkiffs over it, but flie broke in, and one of the men was near being drowned; we therefore left both flciffs under Black Head and walked home. Jack killed a brace of groufe and a black-duck. It thawed freely, and the fun flione fplendidly for the great- eft part of the day. Another part of the garden was dug. Jack went to his traps, but got nothing. Diver Tickle opened into Huntingdon Harbour. Fog, rain, and fnow tilL four o'clock> dear afterwards. Huntingdon THE THIRD VOYAGE. m Huntingdon Harbour being broken up this morning, I fent eight hands to condud the fkitfs up, but it loon after blew fo hard that they could bring only one. After dinner four hands cut wood on Earl Ifland, and four others went to llic head of the harbour to fee if Sandwich Bay was open, but they found it Hill frozen up. They killed a black-duck, an eider-duck, and a (hell-bird. A clear, frofly day. Four hands brought up the other fkiff, and hauled her up at High Point. At low water I took the other IkifF with four hands, and founded round the point on which my houfe ftands. I then went round the two fmall iflands, at tlic head of the harbour, where I killed a duck and a fliellbird, and faw agreat many geefe. The fore and latter parts of tliis day were dull; and it Inowed at noon. 1776. May. Saiiiniay ^5, IVinJ A", lit tit. pong. littU. SiinJjy idt, variaiU. liliU and tjLiu, A fkiff-load of wood was brought from Earl liland, and fome manure laid on the garden. At eleven o'clock a brace of hinds pafled the houfe on the ice going upwards (the flill part of the harbour being yet frozen up) I took a IkilF, with four hands and Jack, and rowed up abrcall of the fmalleft ifland, where we landed and placed ourfolves at tlie edge of the wood by the Ihore fide: we let the firfl hind pafs, but I fired at the other and killed it dead ; and with my fccond gun I fliot the firfl; as it returned, through the Ihouldcr, but it reached the woods, and we could not follow it for want of rackets, for there is flill much fnow left there. As foon as we returned home, and the people had got their rackets, 1 fent them back af- ter the wounded deer ; at the fame time Jack went to his traps, and returned at fun-fet with a good crofs-fox. I killed a black- duck near the houfe. Fog all day, fiiow in the morning, and finall rain afterwards. At.. Monday 27, N. V. £. mcdtrate.' /"A tilde: »71 THE THIRD VOYAGE. M'eJnrr. 29. S. E. S. little. Thuifday 30. £. moderate. At fix this morning the people returned from following the wounded hind; two of them went upon the (lot, and the other two walked round fhore for the head of Muddy Bay, where they arrived alitllc too latc; Ihc had Hopped in the woods, but upon hearing her purfuers, went gcndy on, and crofTcd the head of the bay in fight of thofe men wiio went there; they followed her to the fide of Dykes River, where fhe paffed, and fired a long fliot at her without eflech They faw the flot of I'everal more thereabout, all keeping the Cime courfe. Tiic quarters of the hind weighed a hundred and twenty-four pounds; flic was very poor, and widiina few[daysof calving; llie meafured twelve hands: in my opinion the flags fland lix inches higher, and are fo flrong, that I flrmly believe, tlicy are able to carry a man; but deer will not endure a weight on their backs. It fnowed hard in the forenoon, and rained finartly ailcrwards. Early this morning both flviflis went out to look for the feal- nets which we loftlafl fall, and they found part of one. After breakfaft Jack and one man altered the laige traps; two dug the garden; the taylor altered the boy s clothes; and I took the reft out with me in a fliiiT up the harbour. Sandwich Bay is ftill frozen over, but the ice is very weak. We killed two geefe, two loons, a duck, and a fliellbird, and returned home in the evening. Fog and moifl weather. At nine o'clock I \vent ofl" in a flciff with four hands, to lay the buoys upon the Tyrconnel Shoal, but we could not find it. We landed on Egg Rock and Sadler's Ifland, on which we ga- thered eleven gull eggs, two geefe eggs, and one duck egg; and tailed a trap in the goofe nefl. Four hands went to Diver Ifland, where they killed four ducks, and got two eggs out of an eagle's neft. Foggy with fmall rain. At THE THIRD VOYAGE. At fix o'clock John Hayes and four hands went in a (kiff in fcarchof the ihoal; they found it and laid four buoys upon it in three fathoms of water: he fays, it is not more than one acre, and had but one fathom on the crown. He brought a pair of ducks. Jack went to his ottertraps, one of which had an ot'cr in it, and the other was carried down near the water, where it was jammed between two rocks, and the otter had efcaped. He fi.ot a pigeon, and tailed another trap. Three men finifhed digging the garden, and fowed fome radidies, onions, carrots, fpinach, and crelles. I Ihot a black duck. Foggy, with fmall rain till five o'clock; it then proved clear and warm for a little while, after which it grew cloudy. ^75 1776. May. Friday 3«. variable. Utile. N. IV. little. June. The two bed fkifFs were ca'ked and payed, the polls of the Saturday t. garden fence fet up, a Ikiif loid of lirewood was cut and variable. brought home, the Icals fnt was chopped, the new falmon-nets were examined, and oilier worli \vas clone. Jack went to his traps in Laar Cove and Ihot three gulls. I lowed a quart oi early Charlton-peafe. llttlt. A clear day, with gentle fro A fie r break fa II Jack went in my kyack to lojk for eg^s. After dinner I went in a IkiiF with four hands to found the flats, and loc^ at fome of the iriaiids there. We found but little water between Earl, Huntingdon, and Middle Illand. We land- ed on Sv/allow Illand and killed two geefe and a duck, and gathered four gcefe eggs, one duck egg, and one gull egg: we obfcrved, that the Efquimaux had encamped on it. There will be great plenty of eggs on that ifland in alhort time. We land- ed alfo on Shagg Illand, where we found many nefls fcraped out, but no eggs. From thence v/c went to Loon Point, where we faw two old Nefcaupick ^vhigwhams, and oblerved that place Sunday 2» N. little. calm. 176 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. June. mnJ. N. E. iiitle. Monday 3, N. Huh. Tuefday 3. W. Utile. E. littU, place to be much frequented by gcefc and black ducks ; and there is a good rubbingplace upon it. We waited there two hours for Hack water to crofs the tickle, and during that time, one hundred and four loons flew over it. In croffing the tickle, we were feveral times in danger of the fkitt' being crufh- ed between large pieces of ice, which ran with great rapidity contrary ways, by reafon of the velocity of the tide, and the flrong eddies occafioned thereby. We returned through Di- ver Tickle. I fowed fome French beans, Indian corn, barley, oats, and fome wheat of Quebec growth. A cloudy mild day. At ten o'clock Jack returned, and brought fix ducks, three (hellbirds, a gull, and fome old nails, which he got out of the wreck of an Indian fliallop, that he had burnt. Four new falmon-nets were brought to on rope, and corked ; alfo fome oars were finiflied. I fowed more early Charlton and fome Quebec peas. The radilhes which were fowed on the eigh- teenth ult. are appearing. Dull, cold weather till near evening, the clouds tlicn broke and it grew milder. At five this morning taking all hands and two fkiffs, I went to the call ward and fearched- all the illands on each fide of that paflage. Great numbers of nclls were fcraped out on FillbcUy ; and Burnt Ifland was covered with partridge berries. On North Hare liland I faw the frefli flotof adecr, which had landed at the weft end and walked along the middle, and from the top of the higheft hill I difcovered it lying down upon the faddle of the South Ifland. I crcfled over, font my Ikifl^ to call the other, and placed one on each fide, then crept up and killed it with my rifle. It proved a hind, which I believe was juft going to calve. I afterwards drove both the iflands with THE THIRD VOYAGE. with five men, but faw nothing more. John Hayes and his en w, (hot three bottlc-nofcd divers, and a duck ; gathered fcvcnty eggs, and found the remains of a goofe in the trap which I tailed on the thirtieth ult. One of the people in my boat killed a duck, and found an egg. We returned home at night, when I gave the people venifon for fupper, and fome rum to drink his Majefty's health. The dill part of the har- bour opened all along the north (liore. It was clear and hot till noon, but cloudy and cold after- wards. 177 June, Early in the morning, I fent five hands in a fkifF to Laar Cove to look for the nets, vvhicli we loft there lall fall; they found the l(X)t-ropcs of two, with the killicks and moorings; but the lennet was all rotted olF: they alio brought up the net which lay in the fnow on that Ihore. The oil was melted out ; it provt d only twenty gallons. Four men were employed in clearing aAvay the ice from the Otter. 1 our others went to Muddy Bay for the traps, and brought all but one, which being on the other fide of Dykes River, and the tide out, they could not get at it. Jack went to his traps up the harbour and Ihot a goole. All the feeds arc dead which I fowed in the box and placed in the houfe, but thole which were fown in the natural ground, on the eighteenth ult, are all up, and look very healthy. I had fonic fennel, wheat, rye, barky and oats Ibwn in diflerent fpofs about Muddy Bay and Dykes River. All the harbour is clear of ice to-day. Fine warm weather. Wodnef. 5, U'lnd E. Iiiti*. Jack flruck up all his traps in Laar Cove, and brought the Timrfiny 6. two large ones home. All hands were at work in calking and paying the Ihalloway. Cloudy, cold w calher all day, and rainy in the evening. Vol. II. A a Five i7« THE THIRD VOYAGE. Five hands \v(mc at work on the fhalloway, and the rcfl were gaihcritij;; kdlick IIoik's, cutting loiij^crs, and rinding birch. Jack wcnl out u ( g}»iM;j;. The women and 1 threw the dry lilh out to the lun, aiil then llowcd it in the llore- ro> un. Clear and warm till two o'clock; cold and cloudy aftcr- P^'S' wards. s.iiur.ijy». Four hands at work on the llialloway, they finifhcd calking A-. A-. frfjh. the ilarhoard htle and payed the leams. A (kill' went out in the morning ibr killick Hones, and afterwards, thole people were cmployi d in the (lore-room, which we re-llowed entirely. Jack returned in the artcrnoon wiili two ducks, and eight eggs. Dull, cold weather all day, and it Inowcd and rained a little in the evening. Sumliiy 0« K. K E. mfii'frate. At eight o'clock this morning, I went out a egging with all hands. John Hayes went tlown the eallern pallage, in one IkilF, and brought ten ducks, a tern, a gull, and a hundred and ihirty-lix eggs; and lour liands and Jack went along widi me in another fkitf, over (lie Flats, and vilited Come of the illands there: we brought in a beaver, a goofe, a boiilenofed diver, five ducks, (bur llrangers, and three hundred and (eventien cgi^s. We (bund the beaver upon oni* of the duck illands, but what he was doing there, I cannot guels; at lirll I thought that he had been fucking eggs, but upon opening his paunch, I could lind no (igns of them. We landed on Sandy Head, and difcovered a very fine, large river, which looks likely to produce plenty of lalmon, and to which I gave my own name; the bed of it is fandy, which has made large (hoals olF the mouth of it, through which there is no channel, and at low water fpringtides, they have not one foot of water upon, them. A.duU day, widi fog. aloft. John THE THIRD VOYAGE. 179 John Hayes and his crew wont to Dykes River to get down '"j^ fonic ol ihc timber and clear a place for a falinon-houle. Jack June Went roniul his traps; one of which was llruck up by a wolf, and another by an otter; he brought fix eggs. Dark, lowering weather. Miiiiilay lO> N. E.frtjh, At three this morninc; Hayes and his crew went to Paradifc TucfJay n. ' A/ JT ■ in a lialing-lkiir, to brnig (he new Ikilfs, and to order Smith and his crew down here. Jack was idling the wood at the back of my hoiife. Dull, ioggy weather all day; rained a little in the evening. Strong gales all day ; dark, cold weather the fore part, and ^^'<•'^"c^■. i» drizzling rain with fog, the latter. N. N. .V. T.. Jlrong, In the evening fomc of the people came down from Paradife, Th.irfa.iy 13. and brought three of the new Ikilfs; both the crews there had been living on bread and \\ater for a fortnight pad. Smith brought his own and Mathers fur down with him: the whole of what we have killed this lall winter and fpring, amounts to ten deer, one white-bear, fix wolves, fevcn wolverings, eighty- three foxes, eighty-fix martens, fcven otters, two minks, one beaver and one Hying fquirrel. Sandwich Bay broke up on the fevcnih inllant; but no boats could pafs unti! .! is day, by reafon of drift ice. Tlie people whom I fent fiom hence, were obliged to leave their boat near Duck Ifland, and walk up. Rainy weather. Smith and another man were at work on the Otter, the refl; were clearing away the wood near my houfe. At noon the other new IkilF came down with the rell of the people; they lay in Cooper's Cove lall night, as it blew too hard for them to come on. Dull, moill weather, ^vith rain at times. A a 2 Six Friday 14. A'. E. frtjki i8o THE THIRD A'OYACE. Six men at work on ilic Otter, four clearing a^vay, and four cju;j;in'»; tiu y lluyitl out all ni^ht. I uint m a Ikilf with the Indians to the woody illand, at llu- luad of t'lo harbour, which I lluiU hcncefurth call SluUbird IJluud, and killed li.v ducks, two pijjfcons, and a llullhird; and ^'.ai hi red twenty- lix eggs. Jack liad an otter and an eagle in his traps, and a duck had been eaten out of anotiicr. A clear day, with IVoIly air. Sunday 16. E. S. E. After breakfafl I went in a Ikiff with two of the people to Swallow and Middle Illands; we killed nine eider-ducks, one black-diick, and a gull, and gathered live hundied aiul lix eggs. Five hands went after dinner to Beaver and Speckled 111 inds; they killed nine ducks, antl gathered hve hundred eggs; and the Ikilf which I lent out yellerday, returned this morning with twelve ducks, a lord, and leven hundred aiul twenty-lix eggs. Sonic dry lilli were thrown out to the fun. The main s.w.iutit. jam is Hill clofe in to the back of Huntingdon Illand, and a good deal of ice is dri\en in upon the t lals. A clear warm day. Monday 17. K. S. E. J,fjh. Tticfday 18, N. N. E. S. IV. W, liult. Smith at \vork on the flialloway. A flag-ftafF was fet up upon the point belbie the door, and the tilh ilowcd away. I'og and rain all da}'. The Oltcr was finiflicd and launclied to-day. Four men were rinding, but they got only thirty-hx. At noon I went in a fl;ilF with the women to S\vallow Illand, where I fliot three ducks and gathered ninety-fix eggs. I ferved out fome pto- vifions for the lalmonicrs at Paradife. Jack vifited his traj^S; he killed three ducks and two fhellbirds, and found the trap which he loll in the winter. He faw fome Ipring falmon. A clear, warm day. At Tin: THIRD voyage. At four (his nioruinj; I T'lU Iwo Inii'ls oil" for ParnrliTr (o mend ill..' nets; alio lour nioiv to bniig tlic Ikill" back, and two in a:jo:lii r (kill" to li'l^j up \viili ilu- ]Mo\ilio!»s a^ lai' a> tlic Itul n«;-ikiir, which they k li lu ar Duck llluiul llio ckviiith iii- ilant. 'J he la!Ur men filurutcl in ilu- cvcrjinj;. W c got up th'j Otk'i's mall. rigg( d and ahih)ll loacK-d lu r. In the even- ing Jack went in the kyaek aiui liroug'u home both his otter- traps from IIuntingck);i Illaiiii; he li,:d an o:Uv in one, and anoihc r had cicajx d (uit (>! die (» lit r trap. I'o^" and lain ull the aliernoon; cloudy and cold afterwards. Ka'lv I'l s morning I fent four hands in a fkilf to Dvkes Ri- vcr f)r t'le ^i ind iloue and Un kettle, whieh were lelt there s.n.i^i 181 , ^ — , 177". .1 \\ iiliicl, 19, II ind S. E. A'. ^'. E. Tluitfil.iv 20. W \u".\ i]\<'. I eoi'L- w( re eutiiug wood; and wuh the rell I ec )m- pkicd the lading of div> Otter by n;ne o'clock ; then weighed "'''«• and towed up the harbour; but the ti.le turiiing before we got tliiough tlie narrou'K, we wervoLLged t») eoii:c to an anchor below the illanda, where the Ik. if .returni d to us. At three o '( !eck a br.'c/c f )rini ii g Ut^, we r.ui t!uou(!h, ai i"' nd at X. E. nmc were Icralt. oil till mou'.h of \\ Inte-bear Uiw r, when we came to an anchor iipo I the lli(.d> until we foiuid th'J channel, by li)imding in tlie II. ill"; we i!:ei! f:,ot und( r fill and lan iduue Dove I'cjint, _.\f: whi re we ca:ue to again, and mo(Med at ten o'clock. Sooii after tlic peoj)le wheui I lent to I'aradiie ycllerday cm-.e on board and brought me a letter fruDi Mailicr, in winch he informed uic tb li he had laielv found 0!k^ of the guns and a {cw odier things, bi U).!giiig to Jofc'ph Frirud and his crew, not far from the pl'.iCv where the old punt ! iv when I arri\ed h;re la'l year. A clear, warm day, but the nights arc ItiU frolly, nor have we had above three or ibur nuld or.es vet. At dav-break wc found ouvfelvQS fo near Dove Sands, tliat Fii.Lyai, tlic anchor which wc moored vviib, appeared out of llie ■water. " • At. \l l82 THE THIRD VOYAGK. 1776. June. H'mJ £. titilf. K r..frtjh. httlt tnd calms. At four o'clock 1 went oli' in one fkifl' to found the nortli Ihorc of the river, and fcnt Snnih in the oiht-r, to lound the luuth lide: having ufcTrtaintd thir cliauncl by nine o'clock, wc weighed and ran up above the bar, VAherc we anchored, 1 im- mediately ordered li\ hands on Ihore to cut timber lor building. and was going up to the falmon-leap myfelf, in the other Ikill', when we perceived an old Hag coming down on the luuih lule of the river: I lleppctl into my kayck, g(jt behind him and drove him into the water; where we dialed him with three boats, but by the mirnianagement of tlu; people he got aw.iy. I was once within four yards of him, and mull have killed him, but both my guns had got wet. I afterwards went up to the falmon-leap, which I found to be the moll magnificent and beautiful cafcade I ever faw; the river hcw^r full of water. I law fome frefh flot of deer near it, but the bears have not been there yet; I tried the fifli with fly, but could not ilirone. We returned in the afternoon, and in the evening 1 winged a goofe, but did not get it. I obR;rved currants in blollbm, although they are not yet in leaf near my houfe. Clear, hot weather. Saturday as. In the courfc of this day we cut much of timber, [ct up the nr.iutu. frame of the dwclling-houfc, and fludded part of it. Hazy and hot. Sunday 23. S. little. /rejh. As I was flepping into a Ikiff to go to the falmon-pofl this morning, a Haggard was jull going to crofs the river from the foulh fide, but our noifc caultfd him to turn down along fliore. I then got into my kyack, funk the wind of him, landed and got a bad Ihot, but milfed him. After breakfafl I fent a fkiff for the kyack, but the tide had carried it away. One of the peo))le went a little way up Springs Valley, and there faw a brocket. Four hands went up the river to dig a fpot for a gar- den, THE THIRD VOYAGE. 183 den; and I went wiilj four more in iinothcr fkifFup the fouth- r call river. \Vc loimd it lull of" wutcr. and U) llrong a currt-nt, lliai we couKl h.irdly riivv a^ainll it. The Ihcires on each liile look, very iH-autdul, and le«m as it they had lornierly been laid out by art, but ne)j;l<( ted lor lljme years pall. We found two fpots of level, clear, rich j^round which lay regularly in lands as it tliey had bien piou^jhed tortmily; they were cover- ed with violets, and appeared to be liven or eight acres each. I kilkd a goole, ajicl law lorne old beaver cuttings. In the evening, I lent ten hands to bring up the Otter, and they got her about halt' way, when it I'cll calm, and ihey came to an anchor a,:.;.iin. Hot, luliry weather. This morning I n)anned four fliims, and fent off two fkiffs crews a rindi.ig: they lou id but lew, and got only thirty ni'chcs. Jack tonnd my kyack rwar Dove Point, and bronght it up. I walkid down the louih Ihore to Spring Brook, where I found a good deer-paih, and tailed a Hip in it. Afterwards I went to tlie to;* of IJiich) Ridge, from whence I had a good view of the country ; I lat watching lime for kvcn hours, and difcovered a brace of dier feeding in Springs Valley: I got a Ihot at the largell and killed him; he proved an old {\i\r, but tiie other was a young bcall. 1 alio faw another old Hag crofs the river from the north tide, land at High Point, and walk along fhore downwards. Every part of the country is lo much ufed by deer and bears, that there is no going ten yards any way without leeing ligns of tlu in. On my return to the Salmon Poll, I fent four hands for the deer. Clear and hot all day ; nun at night. June. S.E. ta'in. Mondjy 24« miidtraCe, mcdtrati. hard. Eight hands were rinding; they got but fifty nitchcs. Five Tuefdny 25, men were fetting up the frame of the falmon-huufe, but were foon. i84 THE THIRD VOYAGE. «77''- June. 1. S.E. ea/m> W'e.lmf, 26, n. s. IV. mcdtrate. Jlrong. foon obliged to dcfill for want of nails; as I chofe to rcferve a few for the houfc on Easrle River We got tlic Ihalliivvay up to-day, unload(d her, and then moored her olf in the ilivam. Alter breakfait jack vveni; up the ri ■ .r to low the garden thv re, and 1 lowed fomc fennel-feed in hve ditferent places here; after which, we went to look at the deer Hip, and I tailed another in a path leading to luigk* River, which had been very much ufed. We walkc i up and down every aldiM- bed in Spring Valley, and in one of them we law a .'lout ilapf. but he difcovercd us firlt and inibuitly made off, without ^iv: g- us the chance of a Ihot. Wc alio fav»^ a mu'ten f edini> o;i die paunch of the deer, which I kilkd \ e't. ; f ' v. A braci* of foxes cruiling along the Ihoie of the river, I Hipped the greyhound at tlum; but they ran into the wf.iods. It rained m the morning, and was cloudy and cold the rell of the day, with froll at night. Early this morning, I took feven men and Jack in h--o IkifTs and went off for Eagle Rivtr: by the wav, Jack and i landed on the Ihore near Spiing's Brook, took up tlit- decr-ilips, and walked along ihore to Separation Point. In rowing np Eagle River, we found lo llrong a Itreani, that we had great dif- ficulty to lb in it. y\bout four in the afternoon, wc landed on tilt- north fide, pitched our tent, and got our dinners; after wli.ch, I went up to die full rapid, Ibunded the river, and fixed upon the fpot fov the fulmon poll. Sharp fioll at day-break, a cloudy morning and rain after- wards. Thitrf'nv ?7, jr. V. tv. Jlrong. In the courfe of this day we cleared a fpot of ground to erecl the buildings upon, and let up the- frame of the dwellinp- Iioufc. I tried the Hlh to-day with lly, aud killed two falmon fmelts, but could not raife any thing elfe, although great num- beis THE THIRD VOYAGE. 185 bers of flinks were continually leaping. From the quantity of water which this river difcharges, and from the number of flinks, it mufl; be an excellent one for fifli. In the evening I walked through the woods to the top of the hill which is above us, but faw no trees fit for any other purpofe than ftage and houfe-building, and they are admirable for thofe ufes. Cloudy till noon, clear after. At fix this morning I fet oiF homewards in a fkifF with two hands, and ordered the reft of the people back to White-bear River. I landed on the north (hore of Sandwich Bay, under Mealy Mountains, and walked a mile or two: I faw feveral large trees near the edge of the wood, but they were all very knotty. There was a good bear-path along the (hore, which was much ufed by geefe. From the boat I could fee a great many fpots of large trees in the woods, fome diftance in. I killed a gozzard, gathered a few eggs on Diver Illand, and got home at feven in the evening. Cloudy, cold weather. 1776. June. mtdtrattt Friday sS. N.W. N. E./rtfi. Early this morning I viftualled the two men, whom I brought Satunky 29. down yefterday, for a fortnight, and fent them to Dykes Ri- modtmt. ver to get down the timber, and take off fome rinds. Fog and rain all day. At five this morning I took all my family and went in a fkifF to Dykes River, where we breakfafted. The people there had got fome of the timber down, and this morning they faw a white-bear but could not get a (hot at h.m. I fixed on a iituation for the houfcs, then returned home and ordered the men to follow me, for fome moorings ; by the way I killed a duck and a tern. The people arrived foon after mc; alfo a flciff with four hands came from White-bear River; they had met Vol. II. Bb with Sunday 30, varialU Vide and calmt. i86 THE THIRD VOYAGE. Monday I. ff'ind M £. N.N. E. E. mederate. Tuefday «. Wedncf. 3. tariaile. Utile tfti calmi. Thiirfday 4. N.E.freJh. with but few rinds vet; and had feen a white-bear and a deer fincc 1 left them. I gave them every thing they wanted, and fent both boats back. After dinner Jack went to Laar Cove to fee if any thing had been there lately ; he faw the Hot of feveral deer, and the tracks of a white-bear, a black-bear, and a wolf : he had a duck in a trap, and gathered lixteen eggs. Cloudy in the morning, clear afterwards. At eight this morning I took my family with me on a party of pleafure to Fillbelly Illand, where we ftayed the day, and returned in the evening. We killed fixteen ducks and a por- cupine, and gathered a few eggS; we might have got a great number, but very few are good now. In our way home I tailed two large traps in the path leading from Laar Cove acrofs Great Marfli, and faw the tracks of feveral black-bears on the landwalh. Hazy, warm weather. At nine this morning I went with my family to Dykes River, and returned in the evening; tried the filh with tly, but could not flir one, although I faw a great many fpnng-lilh. Cloudy, cold weather. About noon hearing an uncommon noife on the fouth fide of the harbour, I \vent over in my kyack, and found it was a bitch doater with her whelp. Great quantities of falmon came in from fea to-day. Our voyage is abfolutely ruined, by a veflel not arriving with the neceflary fupplies. Rain and clofe weather all day. At noon the otter appeared in the nirroxvs; and, mifllng ftays there, went on ihorc on the ealt point, and lay thorv ill eight THE THIRD VOYAGE. eight at night. She got down here about midnight, and re- ceived no damage. Rained till evening, then cleared up, and froze fharply all night. At four this morning, I began to (hip off craft for Paradife, and vi£lualled the people for three weeks. At five o'clock they got under weigh, and worked through the Narrows. I fent Jack to Dykes River for a large trap which had been tailed there for a bear. He put out an otter-trap above the Narrows. At three in the afternoon, the two men returned from Dykes River, not being able to find any rinds ; I fent them to Paradife in the flialloway, alfo ordered the coopers to White-bear River, and the hands who are rinding there now, to Paradife, on the return of the Otter. Smith now brought three hands exclufive of the crew. He faw a brace of ftags on Sunday lafl. Warm weather till five o'clock; afterwards it grew cold. At noon, taking all my family, and a tent in one of the new fkiffs, which I have appropriated to my own ufe and called the Roebuck, I fct out on acruifeof pleafure to the eallward, in hopes of meeting our velfel. I tailed a large trap for bears on the fhore under Black Head, then went to Wreck Ifland, ^vhere we Ihot fix ducks, gathered fixty-one eggs, and dined; after which they landed me on Huntingdon Ifland, and pro- ceeded to Egg Rock, where they killed fix ducks and two pigeons, and gathered two hundred and fifty eggs : This is the fourth time that this rock has been robbed this year, and we have taken in all, about a thoufand eggs off it, although it is not above a hundred and fifty yards lo;ig, and fifteen broad. 1 walked acrofs the marfhes to the head of Egg Harbour, and found two good deer-paths leading into it, but they had not B b 2 been 187 1776. July. Friday 5, W. S. If. modtrate. calm. Jrtjt. Saturday 6. S. W. moderate and littlt. I S3 THE THIRD VOYAGE. been much urd this year. The boat met me there, and we piuh. J the tent on the weft fide; great numbers of j^eefc and ffr,„j ducks were there on our arrival; and we faw plenty of capUn £. mixt^'rate. evcry where, as we came down. Cloudy, warm weather all day. July. and ItttU. SiHHfay 7. S. E./rtJh. mnUralt. In the afternoon, Jack and I took a walk up the valley near to the middle of the illand; we found many marihes and fmall ponds, which feemed to be much frequented by geefe in the moulting feafon. We alfo faw feveral good deer- paths, but they had not been much uled lately. Jack (hot a buUiiiich. Rain and fog till three o'clock; very foggy afterwards with raw weather. Monday 8. N.E. Uttlt. Tuefday 9. If. N. E. At noon, I went out in the fkifF with Jack and two of the women, in queft of provifions : we landed on Egg Rock and Fillbelly; we killed five ducks, two pigeons, and nine cod- fi(h, and gathered fourteen eggs ; we faw plenty of cod and caplin, and a brood of young ducks. The geefe arc begin- ning to moult. It rained till noon, and was foggy all day with raw weather. At ten o'clock, the weather ftill continuing bad, I left the tent and all our baggage, and fet off homewards We looked at the large traps in our way, and baited that under Black Head; one of the fmall traps was ftruck up. We got home at two o'clock, and pulled fome radilhes for the firft time. The garden comes on but flowly; partly owing to the badnefs of the ground, which is fine (harp gravel, and panly to the cold- ne(s of the weather. Plently of cod and caplm were in the tickle this evening. Thick, wet fog. Before THE THIRD VOYAGE. 189 Before break faft Jack (hifted one of the large traps, after- wards he and 1 went in the Rot buck to look at the two otter- traps in the narrows; one of which had an otter in it, and the other was (truck up. In the narrows we faw plenty of cod and caplin; we anchored among them, and caught ninety-four of the former in a very (hort time, and could foon have loaded the Ikitt if we had had good baits; what we ufed, were the caplm we cut out of the cod, which were fo tender, that they would fca'^cely hang on. the hooks. I fliot a duck. .In the even- ing 1 dug another fpot of ground, fowed fome raddifti feed, made a new mall for the Roebuck, and prepared for another cruife. A fine warm day. ' 1 — * 1776. Wediicf. 10, S. W. little. N.LfrtJk: S.E, frtjh. After breakfafl I went to the water-fide and caught a few cap- Thurfday u, lin with a landing-net. At noon Jack and I went in the Ikiff *•'«"''• a few yards off Ihore, and in an hour's time we caught a hun- dred and ten cod, although he lofl both his h(X)ks foon after he bt gan. I then iroulcd for them from the {hore, in the fame manner as for pike, and caught them as fall as I could throw in. In the evening Jack caught a bufhel of caplin with the landing-net. I never in my life faw them in fuch plenty, nor fo larg(?. Ham and fog till noon, then fair till feven o'clock; fome fmall fhowers afterwards. s. E. modtrattt N. W. tUtlu At eight this morning I fet out on another cruife, and got to the tf nt at noon. At two o'clock Jack and two of the women wt-nt a filhing, but they caught only eight cod. I went upon the ifland in qued of deer, and found fieveral good paths; alHj a number of marfhes with fmall ponds in them, and two large ponds. 1 obferved that this is an excellent illand for drer ; and am of opinion that there are feveral upon it now. The Ihape of the iilaxid is triangular, the fides of which, are about Friday 12, E. frtjh. tgp 1776. ffind Jlrong. Saturday 13. 5. £. /rejh. Jirong. Sunday 14. S. fV. littU. Monday 15, F. little and calm. THE THIRD VOYAGE. about feven miles long; the north-eaft fide is very mountainous, the reft is low, and there is plenty of wood upon it. Cloudy till three o'clock; afterwards foggy, with fmall rain till the evei^g, and much rain all night. At two o'clock Jack went out a fifhing in the kyack, but as he returned at four without any, and we had nothmg to eat but bread, I fent him and the women in the Ikitf, to Wreck Ifland, and they returned in the evening, with thirty-eight cod. The weather the fame as yefterday. At three this morning we began to prepare for removing, and got away by fix. In Hare Ifland Tickle we faw prodi- gious quantities of cod and caplin; and in Eagle Cove the lat- ter were fo thick, that I dipped them up in a landing-net, filling it every time. Here we were caught in a very heavy fhower of rain, and immediately landed and pitched the tent on the north fide. The tracks of three white-bears were frefli on the Ihore there, and on the fouth fide were many bay-foals upon the rocks ; I killed one with my rifle, but could not find it. I tailed a trap in a path near the tent, and found an eagle's neft in a tree, with young ones juft hatched; our people took three eggs out of this neft the eleventh of May, which was the reafon of the birds being fo late. There were fe veral hard fqualls of wind and rain in the courfe of this day, with fair weather in the intervals. At three this morning we began to pack up, and moved off at fix. I found the feal which I fiiot yefterday ; it proved to be a bitch doater. We rowed round Venifon Head into Black- guard Bay; I landed on the weft fide, and walked round the Head of it, where the fltifftook me in again, and we began to fifli; both cod and caplin being as thick as they could fwim. Our THE THIRD VOYAGE. Our attention was foon diverted from that work, by the ap- pcaiancc of an old flag on Shnk Point, which was looking at- tentively at us: Ilepping into my kyack I pufhed for the faddle by White Cove, over which I judged he would pafs. I met: him there jull as I landed, got a Ihot, at a hundred and forty yards, and dropped him on the fpot. We broke him up im- mediately, and had the pltafure to find him in fine condition for this timo of the year. We ihen landed our baggage in White One, pitched oiir tent, and made a moft luxurious meal on bro.lod vcnifon; which, although excellent of itfelf, now was rehflicd better than ufual ; lince wc had been hving on watery cod-filh, eggs, and fitting-ducks for fome days part. This cove is an incomparable place for hauling a cod-feinc, and it is now as full of cod-fiih as it can well contain. This was a fine day upon the whole, yet we had a few fmall lliowers of rain. r »9i At noon I went into Ifllimus Bay, landed on Great Ifland, T.icfday i6. and examined the place where I intend building a fifhing-room. "'J-'J/^atf' At the head of the bay wc found a mountaineer whigwham of lafl year (1 believe it was captain Jack's) and on the eafl fide there were two old ones. We walked acrofs the iflhmus to North Harbour; it is about a mile acrofs, and raoflly a wet mai Ih. We returned at dark, and brought with us five eggs, a d»ick, and a cod-fifh. " , Very ii'ggy with rain both morning and evening, andcloudy from one to fix in the afternoon. , , In the afternoon Jack went a fifliing in the kyack, but did Weiief. 17,. noi m( '"t With mwch fiicccfs^ , . ^' '^"'' Raiii and fog all day. v, ::U • it U) ■(.'•.' A great. 192 1776. 1 hurlday 1 8. VfindE.JrtJh. friduy 19. A', hardt modtralt. S. Kate. Saturtliy ?.0. E. ,95 At eleven this morning we attempted to fall down the river, « — ^ — » but got aground as we were weighing the anchor. In the after- juiy. noon I difcovered a very large white-bear coming up the river, ' ^^'^ * * upon the middle ground: captain Scott and I waylay ed him, ^- "'• f't/'- but he winded the flialloway, landed on the fouth fide, and ran into the woods. At four o'clock we got under weigh, and fell down to Nine-fathom Hole, ^vhere we anchored for the night. We killed one hundred and fixty-four fifti to-day. Cloudy day. . " - , . We weighed at day-light and got fafe out of the river. Cap- Monday 2*1. tain Scott and I, with two hands went in a (kiff through Coop- er's Iflands; where we found a good channel, and a harbour fit for any veflel. At four o'clock we anchored at Paradife. The crew here have got about two hundred and fourteen tierces on fhore, and the fifhing is grown very flack. We landed a cooper, whom we brought from White-bear River, and a few things which we brought for this place, A cloudy day. Early in the morning the Otter's crew began to ballafl her, Tuefday 30. and at ten o'clock we weighed and to^ved do^vn the river; weg ot '*'• ^'"''• into Sandwich Bay at twelve, and worked downwards the a'. e. fnjh remainder of the day and all night. Cloudy weather, with fome fhowers of rain. variaii'f. lililf an J (alms. and tittle alternately. We continued working down the bay till four this morning, Wcdnef.31. at which time we anchored in Muddy Bay, it being then flood '"'"'^^'• tide, captain Scott and I came home in the fkiff. Wc then were informed, that at five o'clock on Saturday morning, a fliallop was feen at an anchor at the back of the eafl point of Earl Illand ; and that fhe foon after got under weigh and ran up Diver Tickle; which made us fuppofe, fhe was come in fearch C c 2 of frf/H and little by turns. J II tcfi I770. Thiiriiiv t. tV. \ IV. tatm. Friday «. vauublt. /qtially Willi rnliyi htlwetn. THE THIRD VOYAGE. of falmoii-rivns. The Otter came down in the night. - ••' Wcalhcr as ytlkrday. .^ ':, ' "' ■ , .' A '■. til.' i \- - I \ , ■ > 1 At diiy-hght wc began to load tlic Otter witli fait, nets, Ac. and at tin o'clock I laik:d iti her lor Eagle River, in fiarch of the liiallop. At two we anchored in the mouth of While-tK ar Kiver and moored ; 1 then wi*nt in the Ikitf up Eagle River, but found no boat there. On our return we law a lai jfc black-bear in the cove on the Ibuth Ihorc, a little Ihort of the nver mouih; as he was going pretty fall horn us, and it was evi ning, 1 did not iuUow him, but made halle back tothc (halloway, wiighcd the anchors, and ran above Dove Point, where we came to again, and moored for the night. I tailed a large trap, for the bears, on Separation Point. "' >'- '^ ^ •'' ' At fix this morning 1 went in the (kill' up to the falmon-pofl, where I found no Ipring-lilh going but plenty of poolers; I judge ihat they have now got fifty-iix tiircesof lalinonon Ihore. Alter brcaklall I ^\•ent up to the lalmon-lcap, to lee if it ucre practicable to haul the pools below it, and I found that it was io; and alfo that there was an infinite number of filh in btJih of tlu-m. I filhed a little with a ily, but could raife only trout. We had above four tierces out of the n'^ts to-dav. In tlie evt n- in*; I n turned on board in order to fail, and bRinglit a cooper witli me. but the vind being unU^tled and Ibiactimcs quite calm, v.'c kept fad. I fent the Ikilf for the trap which tlicy brought, and alfo a live porcupine. While they weie gone we law a ^volf on the north-ihore. Variable weather all day; hard fqualls in the night. " Sa(nT''av J & :■■■. Wc weighed at day-light, but were foon obliged to anchor again: at clc ven o'clock we failed the fecond time, and at three /'!/». anchored oif the mouth of Dykes River, where I went on inore and 'J'lIF THIRD VOYAGE. and ri)()ke to capt.iin Sf^ oif, who w.i^ (ilhi'i * tlur,', w'rli the matfi of ihc (now. I'licy hiul '""'*• year came npon the point wliere lus tent was pitchrd, and "ot into his !'>.li 10 liarch lor lill), fiv blood of winch lluy wnided; till* bitch ilien walked f)n f()r Muddy Bav, but the cubs loitered behind He «;ot between theni and her, and (ired at one of ihem, bein«i; afraid to attack their dam; his imprudence was near bein776. Augnlt, S. W. frej,: UltU, tain. THE THIRD VOYAGE. with two hands canv down trom Paradife; I went home with thcin, gave tlictn what they wanted, and returned on board at four o'clock; the fkifF being come back, wc got under weigh and worked up to Loiigllrctch, where we anchored for the night. A clear hot day. At dav-hght I fenf the Paradife people off, and at the fame time got under weigh. At ten o'clock, being near the north Ihoreof S:indwich bay, a Ikiff with two hands came on board; tin y had been to Caribou Callle yellerday, with a while-bear, and u large pike; iluy had killed two white-bears lately, one of which was fo large, that one of its fore paws weighed four- teen pounJs, and the ci oafs of him over-filled a melailes punch on of a hundred and twenty gallons. Soon afier, we came 10 an anchor at the fiKJt of Mealy Mountains, for want of wind. I then went off in the White-Bear fkitl; landed at the mouth of Dove iin)uk, and walked to the point; there 1 faw tht frelli tracks of feveral black-bears, wolves, and foxes. I then took boat again, landed at High i*oint. tailed the large trap in the deer-paih leading to Spring's Valley, and walked frum thence o;)pofjte to the fahnon-poft, where the fkiff met me, and took me over at four o'clock. I found about eighty- eijilit tierces of filh on fhoie. A very hot day. At day-li:;ht I fent the fkiflp down to meet the (lialloway and ^ buoy the iii a!s ; Ihe came up in the evening, and moored op- polite the faliiion-poll. We packed twenty tierces of filh to d.iv. Hot till fwo o'clock, it then rained hard for an hour, and was ^^S^'o) * wiih finall ruin, afterwards. S. »'. /,rf. s. ir. tittu. N. E: frtfti ^rn^'M 200 THE THIRD VOYAGE. J 776. Alljrilll. W'ciiiii'r. 14. H'wd S. n'. lUtle. calm. Tli'irfcky 15. Friii.iy 16. frrjk. Saturday 17. IV. Jlrong. Wc unloaded the Otter; and in the afternoon I took all hands, except the cooper, up to the (aimon-leap: we lilhed in the llream below the rattle, and alfo in the lower pool, and killed feventy-eight filh. As this work is very fatiguing and Avet, and the (lies bite moll intolerably, I took a tierce ol' porter for the people, whicii they made rather too IVee with; and the con it*- quence was, that the ta) lor was near being drowned. We left the net at fwing, in the lowiT [)ool. A clear hot day. All hands were at work up the river the whole day : wc fiflied the two upper jiools, and killed three hundred and three lifli. A hazy, hot day. To-day we fiflied in the hole by the fide of the upper pool, and after finding out ihe proper way, we did our bul;..cls with great cafe. We killed three hundred and fi\ty-li.y;ii- fifli. I I'uppofe we have no\v a hundred and ten tierces of filh on lliore at this place. How many are flill kfi in llie diff; rent jiooLs be- low thf" catarad, no man can tell; but in my opinion, there arc above three hundred tierces. Weather as yellerday. The falnioniers went up the river, and found a hundred and fix lilli in the nets, and brought the Ipai'c or.c s down. '1 he Otters crew ballalU d her, and in the evening il.e fill tlown to the moudi of the fmall brook. 'I'wo hands bioughi: llie deer- trap. Cloudy, with a little rain. Sumlny hy i8. The Otter's crew put the rinds on board, then took her down ii.j''A jjj \ine-l".iLhoin Hole. 'I'he falnioniers cleared, and brought moderate. Uowii thc Hcts froHi uboNC, aud had a hundred and three fifh. 201 Auguft. IVmd calm. N. E. moderate. ealm. THE THIRD VOYAGE. We have kll'^d.in the whole, fince Monday morning laft, one thoLirand two hundred and thirty two filh. In the evening I went on board and failed immediately, but came to an anchor again at the mouth ot the river, as it then fell calm. It rained all day. We failed at day-light, and at fix o'clock came to an anchor *^o"^»y '9' . N. W. above (artu right Narrows, to wait for the ebb ; I then fent the y>.j^* people to lock at the traps and flips by Muddy Bay Pond, and to tail the other large trap there : no dt er had been yet. At one o'clock we weighed again and proceeded homewards, where we arrived at four, and got fome of the rinds on Ihore. Jack {hot four curlews to-day ; they are the firll that have been kill- ed this year. Cod and caplin are fliU plentiful. A fine day. We landed the remainder of the rinds, and loaded the Otter Tuefday «o. with fait. In the afternoon I went with my family to Pinchgut "'"• Point, and flayed their till the evening ; we faw plenty ofgeefe and black-ducks. A hot day. The Otter failed for Paradife this morning, and after break- Wedncf. ?,i. fall, captain Scott and I went in a fkilf with four hands round Diver Illand, and then vifited two of the duck iflands on the Flats; from thence we went home by the way of Pinchgut Point. We founded Diver and Sandwich Tickles, and had not lefs than three fathoms in the former, and eleven in the latter. We killed four ducks and feveral other birds, and picked up fome young gulls and pigeons. A clear, hot day. N. E. Utile. After breakfaft I croITcd the harbour to look for fhallop tim- Timrfiay ««. Vol. II. D d ber. 202 THE TftiRD Voyage. 1776. A'igiift. fVind S. B. titUt. FiiJav 23. E. Jrcjh. Satiirdiiy 24. A'. F.. mode I alt. talm. Monilay «6, A. V. £. Jlreng, TurWiv 27. moderati. ber but found only a few. In the evening Jack went upon Signal Hill, and killed ten curlews. A clear, warm day. Jack killed feven curlews upon Signal Hill this morning, and I Ihot feven more before the door. A cloudy day, with rain in the evening. After breakfafl: Jack went to Laar Cove, where he killed si brace of curlews and a grey plover. I walked upon the Hill, and killed a brace of curlews there, and a dozen more before the door. Foggy weather. After breakfafl; Jack went to Muddy Bay Pond, where he found one of the traps flruck up; another h;id been walked over feveral times by deer andb(;ars, but would not Itrike up; the third could not be fouad. One of the flips was thrown down; and groat numbers of deer and black-bears had been round the pond lafl week. The kyack pniving very leaky, he was obliged to leave her and walk back ; he caught five young black-ducks alive. I fhot three curlews and a black-duck at the door. Thick fog all day; rained hard all night. I killed a brace of curlews at the door this morning, and in the afternoon walked upon the hill, but killed nothmg there. Dark day, but a clear evening. The Otter returned this morning, and brought down timber for a Ilore-houfe. At noon Jack and the woman went in the ikilF to Muddy Bay, and brought home the kyack A dull morning and clear afternoon ; a cold day. The THE THIRD VOYAGE. The Otter being unloaded, fhe failed for White-bear River for falmon. At five this morning captain Maxwell and I, with two of his hands and Jack, went in the Roebuck to Bald Illand, where we faw a brace of hinds; one of which I killed, and fhot the other through: this was the fatteft deer I have yet feen; Ihe had not had a calf this year, and was old; the other was a young deer. We lay under a fail on the beach, in the cove on the well fide of the ifiand. There were great num- bers of geefe in the cove when we firfl went into it, and I obferved that they frequent it much. We faw the flot of an old ftag, and a hind and calf. Clear till noon, and cloudy afterwards; the day was warm, and the night fine. At five o'clock we fet off homewards, and in a cove in Hun- tingdon Ifland, met with fome old geefe in moult, which could not fly, and fome well-grown young ones; Maxwell Ihot two, I three, and caught two young ones alive; we got home by ten o'clock. The quarters of the deer weighed a hundred and fixty-eight pounds. A clear, hot day. After breakfaft Jack and his mother looked at the traps and flips; one of the former was fl.ruck up by a calf; the fprings being fo weak, that they either ftrike too flow, or not at all: He alfo killed three young ducks. A little fmall rain at times. I killed five curlews at the door; very few have appeared fince the twenty-fixth inftant until this day, when they were tolerably plentiful. A clear, hot day ; a little thunder at a diftance in the after- noon, and fome fmall rain in the evening. D d 2 This 203 1776. Augiill. Wedncf. 28. Wind variable. Hull, Thurfday 2g, W. little uiiA calmt. Friday 30. variable.' little with calms. Saturday 31, calm. S04 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. Sep smb.': r. biiiiHav t, H^ind V. E. tUtlf with culms. MoprJlV 2, £. iMlt. Tupffliy 3. i. Jliong. Wdncf. 4. AC A' W. frtjh. talm. Thiirfday 5. H.N.E. This morning the Otter appeared at an anchor, at the upper part of the harbour; (he got under weigh with falling water, and worked and towed down to the Inow. She brought fifty- nine tierces of fahnon, and a hind and calf, which the people killed in the water yeflerday, at the mouth of White-bear River. I killed a dozen of curlews at the door, and Jack Ihot a brace. Foggy till ten o'clock, and dull afterwards. We fliipped the falmon on board the Two Sifters, and at nine this morning the Otter failed for Paradife. At two o'clock a (kifF with four hands came down from Paradife, I gave them what they wanted and fent them back. I killed a brace of curlews at ihe door. Foggy, dull weaiher all day, and fmall rain at night. Jack killed a curlew this morning, of a very large fize; I have ften fome ftw of them before, but never till now compared any of them with the others; this is darker on the back, has a white belly, and weighed rifteen ounces ^the common !i>rt but nine and a half) and the wings extended are longer by five inches. I killed five curlews at the door. Fosf and fmall rain. After breakfaft I took Jack and his mother in the Roebuck, and went to Muddy Bay Pond; we found one of the traps flruck up, but could not tell by what, and brought h(jme a load of drift-wood for firing. I killed eight curlews at the door. Dull and fhowery. I concluded a bargain with captain Scott to-day, for the ihare of the flock in trade of his brother aud himielf belong^- THE THIRD VOYAGE. 205 ing t'-i O'lr pnrtnerihip, which being nearly expired, they did 1 ^ ^ not choolc to renew: I gave him bills for the amount, being Sepicmber. one ihoufdnd two hundred pounds. After dinner captain Scott aiid I took a walk upon Signal Hill; he killed a curlew and two grey pli)ver, and I fliot fourieea curlews and a plover. Ji.:k killed a curlew and a plover. 1 hiek, dry fog till ten in the forenoon, clear afterwards. Early this morning the Otter returned with one of the fal- HiDihtr^ on board, together with a hundred and twenty tierces ot" liilmor. ; the fifh were (hipped on board the Two Sifters. "1 wo men were altering and repairing the fervants' dwelling- houfe. Jack killed a brace of curlews on the hill. Dark, moiil weather. Six men were at work on the houfe, which they linifhcd by night. Captain Scott and 1 took a walk to Black Head. I found the trap which I loft in the winter, with the remains of a mar- ten in It, and faw lt;veral tracks of black-bears. At dark the h(. ad-man of VVhite^bcar River came down to inform me, that he met with two mountaineer families yellerday, whom he towed down to the foot of Mealy Mountains, where they land- ed; it blowing too freih lor them to come any farther. A dull day. Early this morning I fent Smith, with three hands in a (kiff, to fee if there was any timber in Goofe Cove fit for boat-build- ing, but he found none. He brought a young porcupine alive, and obferv(d, that many deer had ufed that place lately. At noon I fent the \V hite-bear River boat back, with a prefent of a bottle of brandy for the Mountaineers, jack and another boy went to Muddy Bay, but they returned empty handed. A clear day, and cloudy evening. The. Friday 6, N. -V. £. fre/k. Saiiirday j, N. Jrejh, Sandav t. vanablt. littlt. £06 THE TIHRD VOYAGE. '77^ Septrmbrr. Morula)' 9. n'ind E. Utile, A, H'.Jlrong, Tiiefday 10, variable. Vuh, Wediief. II. W. tnodtrattt Thurfday i«. K. S. IV. Jrejh. w. N. ir. little. The Otter failed for Paradife at day -break, and I kept two hands here to build a flore-houfe. Rained in the morning; cloudy afterwards. Two men began the new flore-houfc. After breakfaft cap- tain Scott and I walked upon die hiU; he killed three curlews, and I lliot five; eacli of us killed one of the large Ibrt, which have the fame note as thole in England and other parts of Eu- rope, but the fniall kind have a different one, more like that of grey plover. A clear, fine day. After breakfaft captain Scott and I walked upon the hill, where I killed a curlew and three plover. At noon he Moun- taineers came here in two canoes; there were two men and their wives, a boy about fixtcen years old (a fon of captain Jack's) and two fmall children. They gave me four beaver- ikins, and afterwards ftole them again and fold them to me. They continued to drink brandy, of which they were very greedy, until they were quite drunk, but were not near fo troublefome as captain Jack and his family. All this morning was fpent in purchafing furs from the In- dians; they had not much, but they fold thcni cheaper than the others had done. They Ihewed me their method of (hooting deer; although they were very drunk, yet they made fevera good Ihots, which convinced me of their expertnefs. When a Mountaineer gets up to a herd of deer, he puts three or four balls into his mouth; the inftant he has fired, he throws fome loofe powder down his piece, drops a wet ball out of his mouth upon it and preiles it down with his ramrod, but puts in no wadding, either upon the powder or the ball; by which means he THE THIRD VOYAGE. he gets more fhots than if he loaded in the common way. As they ufe no meafure tor their powder, but throw it iu by hand, they generally over-charge; a fpring-flafk, with a ball made up in a cartridge would be a much better way, but thofe fldlks come too high for the Indian market; therefore they are turnilhed with the cow-horn, fuch as are provided ibr Ihip's uie. toy 1770 Scjxembcr. Friday ij, IVind IV.JrtJli, After dinner they went off for their tents, which were in Diver Tickle, well fatishod with the reception they met with, and proinifed to return again. Rained till two o'clock, then cleared up. Early in the morning I went up the harbour in the fkifF, •with my Indians, landed at the nanovvs, and walked a httie way along the fhore i>f iiarl llland, where I killed a black-duck. At the fame time I lent Jack to Muddy Bay, where he found one of the traps (buc!v up again. We returned to dinner, and in the evening I went upon liie lull, and killed a curlew; they are now departing lall. At eleven o'clock lafl night the Otter came down with a SaMirf?ayi4; hundred a. id tweniy-one tierces of falinon; this morning we fliipped It on board the fnow, and afterwards balUlled the boat. All thv- crew came down in the Ihalloway, except one c >oper and anoiher hand who went off in a Ikitf for W'hite- b ur Rivtr. One man nailing killick-claws, the reft were at work, part of this day on the ftorv>houfe. Rained till three o'clock then cleared up. At nine o'clock this morning the Otter failed for White-bear Sunday 15. River. After breakfall captain Scott and I walked upon the ^' ^'^'■^"■^' hill where I killed a brace of curlews. In the evening the . . Mountaineers. 208 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. Mountaineers relumed and gave me fome venifon; they killed Septtmber. a hind yefterday. A clear day. Monday 16, Wind N.E.frtJh. Tuefday 17. Wednef. 18. A'. W. pong. tttoderate. Thurrday 19, A', iiltie. E. N. E. fujh. Four hands were at work on the flore-houfe, and a cooper was trimming the falmon on board the ihow. / At noon the Mountaineers went away, and I lent them the youngell Efqui- mau boy, who is about five years old. A clear day. The people were employed as yefterday. It blew a very hard gale ihefe twenty-four hours, with broken clouds, and we had a very high tide. The people were employed as ufual. After breakfaft I walked round Laar Cove, ^vherc I law a prodigious number of geefe ; I killed three, and caught a whabby alive. At noon the Otter returned with the crew on board, together with eighty-one tierces of falmon ; we fhipped the lilh on board the fnow, which makes in the whole three hundred and eighty-one tierces ; two hundred and forty-one from P.;radifc, and a hundred and forty from White-bear River. 7 lie former place would have produced more alone, could I have placed the crew there in proper time. Very few cutlevvs to be feen now. A fine day. . ' j't .:•! .- ■ . . ';< . '. .: Three men were at work on the flore-houfe; five repairing the Otter's rigging; two coopers trimming the falmon; one ditto and two men at work in the ftore-room ; and the reft were employed varioufly. Jack and Scannel went to the traps and flips by Muddy Bay Pond ; they brouj^ht them all home, together with a good fat hind, which was in one of the flips. Clear till three o'clock; cloudy afterwards. ? * ' ' ' I viduallcd THE THIRD VOYAGE. I viclualled the Otter for a fortnight, and fent her to Paradifc for rinds, longers, and firewood. The reft of the day was employed in fettling the people's accompts, and preparing for my departure for Charles Harbour. Cloudy weather. 1776. Sepieniber; Frid,\y 20; A'. W. Jifjh. I finiflied the people's accompts, packed up my baggage, Saturday 21. and lliipped off the furs. ' ^--f"^- A cloudy day. Having concluded all my bufinofs on (hore, captain Scott Sunday au. and I embarked on board the Two Sifters. At noon we got '*'•/''£/*• under weigh, and worked out of tlie harbour : at dark we were abreall of Black Illands, and Ibund a great fwell at lea. A clear day. At noon we were abrcaft of Sandy Ifland, and about ten Mond leagues off fliorc; at two o'clock we tacked, and ftood in, and at eight ftood off again. A clear, warm day. lay 23. w. s. yv. ' moderate. We were working along Hiore all day, and at ten at night Tuefday t^. were abrcaft of Cape St. Francis. . Clear till three o'clock ; then cloudy, ^vith a little rain. »'. s. (V. moderate. At ten this morning we f.iw ili;:^ land, but did not know wednef. ^3, wlicre we were, as the weather was foggy ; we Iiippofcd that «/«. we were near Point Spear : at three o'clock we made the land again, and found it lobe the Caribous; we tlicii ran round the South fide of them, and came to an ancht r in Charles Harbour, at half after four. I had the difa[)pointmcnt to hear, that our three falmon-polls here had got but a hundred and fifty tierces of fifli. I alio learned, that few other people had killed more in proportion, and that the cod-lilhcry had failed Vol. II. E e greatly frjh. 210 THE THIRD VOYAGE. i77(). Scptemher. N. Aurd. greatly all round Newfoundland, but had been very fuc- ccfsful u^x>ii this coad. Noble and Pinion's ichooner came in here tliis evening from the northward, and remained the night. Thick fog till four o'clock ; dull afterwards. TiiMrffiiy i6. We fpread the dry fifli, (hipped fifty-one tierces of falmon mcJnut. on board the Fox lor Temple Bay (captain Scott having Ibid Mr. Noble two hundred tierces) and did various other work. A clear day. After breakfafl I went off in the Fox for Temple Bay ; we towed out to fea, where we met with contrary wind, and Trlday 27, N. E. link. tttlm. s. tv. littu. put back again. Clear till evening ; then dull, with fome rain. Saliirday u8. A'. F.. Jlrong. Suml.iv 29. Montlav 30 I failed again at eight o'clock this morning, but foon wiflied myfcU back again: for on quitting the harbour, 1 found a flrong gale witli a great lea, which caufed the fhallop to be in. danger of foundering. We therefore edged in with the fhore, and fortunately got fafe into Cow-houfe Tickle, where we moored. Salmon is very heavy, and the boat was not only full, but had one tier of calks over the beams alfo, which made her very deep, and roll dangeroully. Rain and fnow all day. At five o'clock this morning wc came to fail, and at noon anchored in Temple Bay, where I found his Majcrty's fchooner. Sandwich. I landed the falmon, went to Mr. Pinion's houfe, and flayed there the night. A cloudy day. Strong gales, with rain all day. The THE THIRD VOYAGE. Sll .776. Ociulxr. 'I'liclcliy I. The Siindwich failed for Conch. Here I experienced a r rcmarkab.c iiillancc of Mr. Piniiin's gratitude, which was as follows. li\ the lofs of a vt'Il'd from Ireland, laden with pro- vilions, riiilon and his people, who were upwards of three hundn-d in number, were upon the point of llar\ iiig for want ; but Mr. Jt)hn Scott, at Pinfon's n quell, lent him from our flores, twenty-two hoglheads of bread, lixteen tierces of flour, a puncheon of molallis, Ibme barrels of pork, and a hundred tierce-packs ; which gave him time to lend to Quebec for a frelh lupply. My Ihip not being yet arrived, I was now in want of a few articles myfelf to lend to Sandwich Bay, to complete the winter-crews, which I intended keeping there ; when, incredible to relate, he abfolutely refufed to allifl me with only one hogfhcad of bread, one tierce of flour, one barrel of pork, and one tierce of molalles ; nor ^vould he fell them to me, but at an exorbitant price : however, I was com- pelled to comply with his demands, or run the rifk of my people falling fhort, and confequently llarving for want. Cloudy, with a few fmall fhowers. At eight o'clock I failed for Charles Harbour, but after WeJnef. a, havmg pafTed Table Point, was obliged to put back into jy^; Condon Tickle, and remain there all night. Strong fqualls all day ; moderate in the evening. At three this morning we got under fall, at funrife opened Thurfday 3. Charles Harbour, and at eleven got up to the wharf. I fhipped Jg'jtZ'u, ofF fome provilions, &c. on board the Fox, for Cartwright ^ Harbour. A clear day. ^'"^t- ] I V I {hipped off the remainder of the goods and provifions for Sandwich Bay, and at eleven o'clock the Fox lailed, under the command of John Hayes, whom I brought round for that purpofe. I hired Mr. John Bruce, mate of the Two Sifters, E e 2 to Friday 4, S. frtjh. 212 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776, October. IVind moderate. Saturday 5, .V. A'. IV. Jirons. N. F. Jreng. Siiiulav 6. A', r. E. S eople came down, h;iviug made three rafts ol wood; one ofwiiich they towed down, and moored it near flat Point. They faw four deer a few days ago. A clear day with ffiarp frolh hard. 1% We landed a few goods Lo-day. Dark .s V h:. moderate. 214 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. Odobcr. Monday i-l. Wind W. N. W. Jlrong. S. /nj!i. s. n: mcdcratt. Dark weather: it froze (harply lafl night, but thawed all day, and in the evenins; it rained a httlc. I turned the people out at one tliis niorninp^, and had the fkifls hauled up, as it hlew very liard. We landed lome more goods, had Teveral tliin*Ts done about the room, and fcnt four hands up the river to eut pryer-poles, ki Hick-claws, c^c. and to fetch the rafts down. A mild day. Tucfday 15. W. S. IV. tiu^deratt. Weduff. 16. K.ir.frefh. Thiirfilay 17. varmhlt, moderatt. Several of the empty tierces \vcre (lowed away, and the refl were carried down to the ftage door, ready to be put in as foon as all the fait is landed. We filled up the feal oil, and landed feme more goods. Cloudy, open weather. We trimmed and finilhcd the cod-oil, and landed goods. Af- ter breakfall I took a walk with Mr. Daubeny (my head clerk) to the top of Curlew Hill, where we faw fome groufe, and he killed a brace. We packed up fome goods for Sandwich Bay. A clear day. We landed fome more goods, packed fome for Sandwich Bay, and repacked the furs. At night the Fox returned from Sandwich Bay, and brought fome of the difcharged fervants; llie failed in company with the Otter. A clear day. FriJiy 18. tain. variabU, frejh. Wc landed the remainder of the goods from the (hip. At noon the Otter arrixed from Sandwich Bay, and brought the reft of the difcliarged lervants; together with Nooqualhock whom Daniel Scully, (the lather of her twins) had en- gaged to many, and to condud them home to Ireland. They informed THE THIRD VOYAGE. informed me that there had been much fnow before they came away. Clear in the morning, rained afterwards i fleet and fnow at night. 215 1776. October. Wind /rejh. Early in the morning we cleared the Otter, and fhipped the Saturday jg. oil and furs ; and at two o'clock the failed, under the command ^" ^' of Mr. Bruce, for Temple Bay, having captain Scott on board. The captain intends to remain there till he fails for England. At three o'clock the people came down from the lodge, and brought five hundred killick-rods, fifty pryer-poles, and a bun- dle of white-rods. In the evening, we ballafled the Squirrel. Moift, thick weather. N. N. w. frejh. Sunday s*. w, s, w. The Fox was laid on fhore to (lop her leaks. After breakfaft, I went to Great Caribou to look for a place to lay the Ihallops on fliorc lor the winter ; I fixed on the white beach, at the bottom of Port Patrick. When I got home, I found Noble and Pinfon's head-man of Seal Uland, jult come from Temple Bay, to inform mc, that their velKl for padengcrs would fail on Sunday next. A clear morning, but cloudy after. I feiit the Squirrel to the lodge (or wood ; I alfo fent four Monday 21. hands to reniiin there to cut more wood. At four o'clock the „ . Otter reiurned from Chateau, and at the fame time the Squirrel came down with a raft. A clear day. I took an inventory of the old flock in trade. Haid rain all day. Tuefday 22. 5. IV. littlt. At day-light I fent the Otter to bring the materials of the Wednef. R3. houle at Poi i. i'mrick, and the Squinel failed up the river for ^' ^^''f"J^- thc 2l6 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. Otlobcr. the other rafts. At the fame time, the Countefs of Effingham failed for Quebec. The Squirrel returned at noon with one raft, and went back in the evening and brought the other : at night the otter returned with the materials of the houfe. A clear day. Thurfday 24. JVind S. S. E. frejh. Friday 25. S. S. IV. f'-'Jh. Saturday s6. variaile, little. Sunday S7. S.frcjf,. I loaded the Fox for Sandwich Bay, and fettled the people's accompts. Cloudy weather. At four o'clock this morning Mr. Daiibcny and three hands failed in the Fox for Sandwich Bay. We got all the rafts on fhore, and unloaded the Otter. I finilhed the people's accompts, and clofed the book. Thick fog over head, \vith fome fmall fliowcrs of rain. At eleven o'clock this morning I failed in the Otter, with all the difcharged fcrvants, for Temple Bay, and arrived there at fix in the evening. A clear day. We landed all our baggage. A fhallop of Coghlan's arrived at Henly Harbour from Newfoundland. Some fmall rain. Monday 28. Early in the morning tlie Otter failed homewards, but put w. little, back in the evening. I took a walk to the wellward, where I s. E frejh, ^^^^ plenty of groufe, and killed four brace. Small fnow till one o'clock, much afterwards. Tucfday 29. This morning the ground was covered with fnow. At eight "'• /v. o'clock the Otter failed for Charles Harbour. Sharp frolt, and clear ^veather. I fhippcd THE THIRD VOYAGE. I (hipped my baggage on board a fmall brig called the Ann, commanded by William Pinfon, (Mr. Pinfon's fon) and in the e\ ening I embarked, as did captain Scott, Mr. Pinfon, and all his Englilh fei vants, who were difcharged. Cloudy, frolly weather. iif 1776 November. Tui'fday j, IVinii W. Jlrong. At half pad two o'clock this afternoon we got under weigh, Thurfday 7. and failed for Dartmouth; at fix o'clock we judged ourfelves ^jj^j to be abixall of Belle Ifle, but could not fee it, and at fcven we palfcd dole 10 a very large illand of ice. Dull, hazy weather. Carried away our main-top-mafl; this morning. Sunday lo. In the courfe of thcfc t\venty-four hours we ran two hundred Tuefday 19; and twenty-one miles. ^•^^• This day alfo we ran one hundred and ninety-four miles, in wdnef. 10. twentv-four hours; which, together, make ten degrees and a huif of longitude, in forty -eight hours. W N. IV. Jlrong. 1 his morning we had foundings in feventy-five fathoms : at tT\ o o'clock, the fame : at eight, (ixty-three ; and at midnight, fifty -five ; at which time Mr. Piafon fuppofed we were abreafl of the land's end. Friday 2 2. W. hard. At half an hour after two o'clock this morning, (it then blowing a hard gale of wind, with a grcui fca, and very thick wrather) we faw Scilly light, right ahead, by which wc knew we were among the rocks lying to the wclhvard of it. 'ihe helm was immcdiatrly put aport, and the vellel, which was at that time going feven miles an hour, flew up into the wind Vol. 1L F f with Saturday 23, IV. -2l8 THE THIRD VOYAGE. 1776. Nwember. Sunday 24. //. N. E. M with her liead to the fouthward. While the people were bra- cing the head yards about, I efpied a breaker, not far to leeward, and a little aliead withal ; we immediately vered to the other tack, and in lb doing, (he went within half her length of the rock; we got the fails trimmed as quick a$ poffiblc, then lay up north by weft, and ran near five knots an hour. At a quarter after three we difcovered four high rocks, clofe under our lee, and had much difficulty to clear them ; indeed we all gave ourfclves up for loft, and had we ftruck againll the rocks, not a foul could have been faved ; however, we were now out of all danger, for we faw no more after thofe ; but for fear of the worft, we kept on our courfe till day-light ; and during the whole time, the lee end of the windlafs was fcarce even out of the water, as it blew very hard, and we carried the top fails to it. At day-light we bore away, and pafled between Scilly and England, at noon we doubled the land's end, at half paft two were abreaft of the Lizzard, at lix we made the Eddiftone, and at ten we heaved to, off the Start; it then blowing moll defpcrately, attended with much rain. At day-light we made fail, and plied to windward all day ; in the morning we ^vere about fix leagues fouth eafterly off the Start, but our fails and rigging were fo much ffiattered by the late blowing weather, that we gained but little before dark. Cloudy weather. Monday 85. At day-light we found ourfelves between the Start and the ^- '*'• Berry, and no great diftance off fhore ; and at nine o'clock \ve came to an anchor in Dartmouth Range. Captain Scott, Pinfon, THE THIRD VOYAGE. Pinfon, and I went on (hore in the pilot boat ; and at ten we landed fafe at Dartmouth. 319 1776. ovembcr. I did not leave Dartmouth until the fecond of December; and as I made feveral iloppages by the way, it was the even« ing of the tenth inft. before I arrived in London; where I conclude this voyage. THE END OF THE THIiU) VOYAGE. F f 2 THE 7 (Ji-IH: ail :f ''••■} .(1 UV •noui J U v/ 1 t i:i !0 iv ..!|n. f*' ">*»;.i if:r>.>i:i''^ !jt .'i; U /tU-'; i; ;i ).:'it >ntt I 'UJ i It I > ' ■ I i " ■ 1 ••!' .? t I'm hit; 'O'. l''l .'.Ml! n )A*or fjiiiuii ain ij fck -,.« --. ■ t 9 1 . • THE FOURTH VOYAGE. LAST year my brother John unfortunately put my bu- finefs into the hands of alderman Wooldridge, who facrificed my intereft to his own, by Ihipping a quantity of rum and porter on board the Countefs of Effingham, for Que- bec; in order that he might receive the freight, which amounted to two hundred pounds. From this circumflance fhe was not only detained in England above a month later than Ihe would otherwife have been, which made her late arrival in Labrador of dangerous confequencc, as well as a great lofs to me ; but fhe was afterwards obliged to proceed to Quebec. She, how- ever, had the good fortune to arrive there, and to return to England; but as fhe came back empty, her expcnces amounted to more money than the freight. She had moreover received fome damage, which obliged me to put a new keel into her, and give her feme other repairs that cofl me a confiderable fum. In the mean time I provided fuch goods as could be procured in London, lliipped them on board, and then ordered the fliip to April. 222 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. «~J"*^ — » to Lymmington to take in fomc fait, and to wait for my arrival, ^priJ. Having finilhcd all my bftilinefs hi London, 1 went to Portf- mouth on a vifit to Mr. Jofeph Gilbert, one of the mailers attendant in the Dockyard there, who obligingly forwarded me to Lymmington in his hoy, where I found the Countefs of Eflingham already arrived; I fhipped a hundred tons of fait on board together with fome other goods. Tuefday 29. We got Under weigh at ten o'clock this morning, but having the tide againll us, it was two in the afternoon before we paifed the Needles; when we proceeded down the Channel for Wa- terford, with a moderate breeze at fouth by eaft. Meeting with variable winds, and thofe chiefly from the weftward, our palTage to Ireland was not very expeditious ; nor was the wea- ther fo pleafant as might have been expe£led at this time of the year; for we had much fog and rain. Our fuccefs in hfliing was not to be boafled of, for we caught only a few gurnets, although lines were kept out all the way. May. Sunday 4. We got fight of Dungarvon Hills at noon to-day, and an- chored at PafiTage, in the harbour of Waterfbrd, at eight o'clock at night. We found lying here the Pegafus Sloop of War, captain Gore; and the Wafp Sloop, captain Bligh; alfo a number of vclTcls which were bound to Newfoundland, under convoy of the Pegafus. The lieutenant of the above Ihip boarded mine foon after (he paflbd Duncannon Fort, and although it was then tide of ebb and the wind was very fcant, he obliged her to lie to, until fhe was very near being on (hore upon the rocks. After a great deal of improper behaviour, he prefled Roco Gafper, an Italian; notwithflanding he had a prote6lion. I was at that time on fliore^ and on receiving information of the above THE FOURTH VOYAGE. qhovc particulars, I waited on captain Gore; but very forry ^m I to fay, that I neither obtained the man's difcharge, nor met with tliat degree pf pohtenefs which it was natural for mc to expecl. 323 »77r. May. I went to Waterford the next morning, where I purchafed Mondays. provifions, and hired upwards of thirty lifhermen for the ufe of my concerns in Labrador. Thcfe tranfa6lions found me with full employment till the evening of the ninth; by which time the provifions were on board, mofl of the fcrvants were embarked, and I put my (hip under convoy of the Pegafus. At day-light this morning captain Gore made the fignal for Saturday 19. failing, when the merchantmen got under weigh with all poili- ble expedition. The Pegafus did the fame in the afternoon, but before Ihe palfed the fort, the wind veered about, when fhc came to an anchor, and returned to her former birth with the flood tide. The greateft part of the licet then anchored; fome returned to Paffagc ; but others had by that time got to fea and did not come back. The fignal for failing was made at day -light this morning, Sunday n. but I was not quite ready to obey it. The Pegafus was under weigh at five o'clock, and my Ihip followed at ten. We were out of the harbour at eleven ; at which time the fleet were barely to be defcried from the foreyard; but as we purl'ued with all the fail that could be fet, Ave came dole up with the convoy at eight at night. Nothing worthy of remark occurred until this day, unlefs that captain Gore, having a fleet of fliips under his care, and a report prevailing of privateers being near the Irifli coaft negleded his duty; for he neither took the leafl; pains to keep his SunJav ,iS «?4 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. h.'s i\ret togellior, nor attempted to colled them when dif- perfcd ; he neither carried fail in proportion to the hcaviell failers, nor did he ever examine lUch fhips as appeared in fight : although fcverul vcirels adually ran through his tket, he never fpoke to one, nor even (hewed his colours, in anlwcr to theirs. By fuch condud, he foonloll the fourth part of his fleet; and as he perlilled in keeping on the Ibirboard tack, with the wind at fouth well, in the latitude of 4(3° 4b' north, at noon, I ordered the fignal to be made for fpeaking wjth him ; but notwithflanding we were no more than a mile from him, and on his lee quarter, he took no notice of it. At two o'clock I caufed the fignal to be hauled down, the colours to be hoi lied, the vcflel to be put about, and leit him. We had very tempefluous weather all night, and met feveral vefTt'ls, which alarmed us greatly, fearing left any of them fhould prove American Privateers. Wednff. s8. On the twenty-eighth we faw a pair of gannets, which made the failors fufped that we were in foundings ; but we could not find any ground with a hundred fathoms of line. June. Muiiday 9. Saturday 14. Captain Kinlocli took an obfcrvation of the fun and moon this evening ; by which it appeared, that we were in the longitude of 45° 00' wefl; the dead reckoning gave 44" 48'\ By an amplitude we found the variation to be 30" weft. At five o'clock this evening, there being then a thick fog, a large ifland of ice appeared under our lee ; we tacked to avoid it, and flood off: foon after feveral large pieces appeared to windward. At eight we founded, and flruck a rocky bottom with a few fmall black Hones, under a hundred and feventy fathoms of water. We THE FOURTH VOYAGE. We had a conliimcd thick fog till ciglu at night, wlion it r cleared away for a Ihort time, and gave vis light of fcveral illunds oi ice. The fog being very thick all this day, we made Ihort trips oir and on, tiiat we might keep clear of ice; and we faw ic- vcral large iflands of it. It being toleiably clear this morning, we bore away for the land at four o'clock : and that we might prove the truth ot the longitudinal obfcrvation, we ihaped a courfe for Wolf Rock. It is I'carcely more than ten feet above the level of the wa- ter, or ten yards in diameter, and lies two miles and a half north by call from Wolf L'and, which is three miles long and high land. At one o'clock, having run fourteen leagues, we had fight of Wolf Ifland, diflant eight miles; and at four we were abfolutely obliged to bear away a few fathoms, or we fhould have flruck upon the rock, but we palled clofe to lee- ward, between it and the ifland. The wind fliortening upon us as we flood into Table Bay, we could not weather Cove Ifland; a thick fog coming on at the fame time, we flood off again, and palfed an anxious and difagreeable night under fail, among rocky iflands and iflands of ice. Early in the morning we flood in again with a light breeze of wind, although the fog ftill continued very tliick, and plied to windward, between Black Iflands and ihe Wolf, until three in the afternoon. The fog then clearing away, and finding fo ftrong a current fetting to the fouth\\ ud that wc could not work to windward of Black Iflan4s or Cape North, I deter- mined to run into South Harbour, in Table Bay. On dra^ving Vol, II, G g^ near 225 >777- June. Sunday 15. fVinJ from E. /• M £. A> E. pong. Monday (6. A^. E. hv E. fujh. N. N E. modtra(f> A'. 6y E. Tuefday 17. N. little. I s 6 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. »777- VVcdnrf. .8. It iiid E. JnJIi. near North Point, 1 had the yawl hoifled out, and went off to the linall illand, which hes a mile and a half fbuth by ealt from thence, in order to ihoot ducks and gather eggs. An old white bear and her cub, had already taken poU'edion of it for the latter purpofe ; and on my arrival within a hundred yards of the fliorc, the old lady appeared difpofed to difpute my landing : but I foon fettled that point, by fending a ball through her heart, and then landed and killed her cub alfo. Notwithrtanding both bears were (hot through the centre of their hearts, the bitch ran three hundred yard«, and the cub at leafl a hundred before they dropped. As a great furf broke upon the fhore, it was with difficulty that one man and I landed; and we were not able to do any thing more with the bears, than merely to paunch them. I Ihot feven ducks, while my man gathered above two hundred eggs -, we then re-embarked and followed the fliip, which wc overtook at nine o'clock : prefenlly after, fhe was obliged to let go an anchor off the eafl end of Ledge Illand ; brcaufe, fo thick a fog coming on, together with night, that we durll not attempt to proceed into a harbour, which none of us IkkI even yet feen ; an original chart of Lane's, being all that wc had to go by. We weighed at day-light this morning, and prefently came to an anchor in South Harbour, where wc moored alfb. At ten o'clock I fent the long boat with the mate and ten men for the bears, and they returned with them in the evening: they alio brought a pair of ducks and four large bafkets full of eggs; but very few of them were good. On examining the paunches of the bears, they found them well filled with eggs. I had often heretofore obferved, that all the nells upon an ifland had been robbed, and the down pulled out ; but 1 did not know till now, how thofe things had happened. Ledge THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Ledge Ifland is rather better than two miles long, and more than half a mile broad in the widcfl part. In the centre is a fugar-loal hill, which Hopes to the \\'ater edge on each fide, but does not extend to the ends; that to the weft is flat and marlhy. After brcakfaft I landed near the fouth end, and walked half way up the hill, from whence I perceived a hind feeding upor. one of the marflies near where I went on Ihore ; but her nofe then giving her intelligence of me, Ihc immediately took Ilulter among the bufhes, with which all the rell of the iiland is cover- ed. I tried for her a fhort time in vain, and alfo killed a pair of geefc and a brace of groufe. I then went over to a fmall bare ifland, near the fouth weft coiner, and there fhot five ducks, and gathered a parcel of eggs ; after whicli I returned on board. In the afternoon, I had ten men landed at the eall end, wah orders to divide and drive the ifland, taking my ftation at a central part of the marfhes wellwaid ; but the people being ill ftrangers to that kind of bufinefs, did not perform their work well; the confequence was, that I faw nothing, although feve- ral foxes, and four or five deer appeared to be upon it ; tor 1 faw the marks of their feet in feveral places. There was a thick fog till noon, and then it grew fomewhat clearer. I had the old bear falted : a hind quarter of her weighed ninety pounds, and although ilie was very lean, yet her fat filled half a pork-barrel. Plenty of the young bear was drelled for dinner, which, together with fitting ducks and half-hatched eggs, proved a great treat to us, who hud been fb long confined to fait provifion ; how much foever fuch food may be defpiiv d by thofe, who never lived far from a butcher. There was a thick dry log in the morning, and a wet one all the reft of the day. 227 '777- June. Tli"i fjjy ig. .•;■ ',/ /■..,, .V. JllOKg, Jnjh, Gg2 Wc 228 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. We got under ^\'eigh at feven this morning, and were plying to windward till five in the afternoon ; when we doubled Cape North, and law upon it, feven hinds and a very fmallcalf. In half an hour after, we palTed Long Ifland, where we met the ebb ; which retarded our progrefs greatly : it was midnight when we entered Cartwright Harbour, and a thick fog came on at the fame time. Siturdav 21. £. A'. E. little. Sunday 2 2. At one o'clock this morning the wind died away, when the tide was near fctting the vefFel upon Flagftaff Point -, which obli- ged us to let drop an anchor fuddenly. I then went on fhore, and had the pleafure to hear, that all my people had enjoyed good health fince I left them ; but I had the mortification to be informed, that they had got very few furs, and fcarcely more feals than fupplied them with oil lufficient for their own con- fumptron. Mr. Daubeny and all the men were gone to White- Bear River to get rinds. At fix o'clock the fhip was moved into lier proper birth, and there moored. In the courfe of the day, we finilhed what remained to be done at a new wharf, which had been built this fpring oppofite the ftore-houfe ; we then landed fome provifions out of the (hip, and re-packed all the rinds which had already been brought home. There was a thick fog till fix this morning, and the reft of the day was hazy, with a frofty air ; at night it froze fharply.* At eleven o'clock Mr. Daubeny and all the people returned in. the Fox fhallop, laden with rinds ; and brought two fpring fal- mon, a goofe, and nine ducks : they found plenty of rinds, and faw two black-bears, and four deer. The rinds were landed immediately, * When ihe wind is in the N. E. quarter in the Summer time, itgenerally pro'luces froll; becaufe it blows from Greenland, and pafl'es over much noaiiug ice. But the N. W. winds are (he fevereft in the Winter ; becaufe, they come from the Icy Sea aud pafs over notuing but ice and fnow> THE FOURTH VOYAGE. immediately, and the Fox was then laden with fait, and failed for White-Bear River, with a falmon-crew. We alio lauded fome goods out of the fhip. ' -' ' Thick fog in the morning, clear the reft of the day, with a frofty air; it froze Iliarp at night. I fent off a falmon-crew to Paradife in two fkifFs. We were landing goods all day; and the yawl f being lad»jn with fait pro- vifions, a hogfhead of p^aPj, and a fack. of oatmeal) was upfet at the wharf-head through mere careleflnefs : we got them all up again, but the two laft articles were fpoiled. In the after- noon I took a walk to Laar Cove, and there met with a black- bear and three fmall cubs; I fired a fhot at a confiderable diftance as (he was running, but milled her. While I was aL; it, a large white-bear crofiTed the tickle and landed before n ' > .} ; but on feeing the women he turned back, and got clci;" iix. Foggy in the morninc^, but clear for die reft of the day, with warm, mild weather. We were landing goods all 'Jay. At eleven o'clock the Fox returned, and at four fhe failed with the Ihoro-men for Eagle Cove, to carry the Itage-ftuttfrom thence to Great Illarid. Hav- ing.brought fome goofeberry and currant plants from England, I tranfplanted them into natural ground; and made two fmall hot-beds for cucumbers, with frelh rinds, inftead of litter. Sonic rain in the morning, and cloudy afterwards. '' - • aag »777- June. Monday 23. mud S. E. modtrattt moderatt. Tuefday 24.' i. fV. /mart. AVc landed fome more goods, but could not do much; as wdnef. 25. the weather proved very bad. Hard rain all day. ^' ^•P'"'S' We landed the remainder of the goods which were for this Thurfday s6. place. A Iklmon-net was put out at the wharf head, and we ^- '^' ''«'*• killed 230 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1777. June. Wind calm. FriJay 27. talin. A'.E. jTcJh. Saturday 28. N. N. E. Jirong. N. Jujh. Sunday ag, N. W. moderate. fr'Jf'. Monday 30, calm. N. little. S. IV' little killed five fpring, and fix llink falmon in it. In the afternoon, I took a walk to Laar Cove, where I law four geele, antl fixtetn black ducks. A clear, warm day. . This morning the lliip unmoored, and prepared to fail for Charles Harbour. At. nine o'clock, Mrs. Selby and 1 lit olf la the Ihip's yawl, rowed by the two Indian women, lor W liit. - bear River; at Ive o'clock we arrived at Lictlc Brook, and pitched a tent there, afterwards we went to the lalmon-polt, where I found, they had got about fix tierces of filii on Ihore. I Ihot a pair of geefe. A fine day. . In the evening, I croflTed the river and walked round Spring's Valley, but faw no frefh fign oi any thing. Thick fog until three o'clock, when it rained hard for an hour, and was cloudy afterwards. Early in the morning, we went up to the falmon-pufl, a. id afterwards to the catarad : we attempted to go up ilic iujill river but could not, for want of water. Sahnon are licarcj yet. A clear day. /d half after five this morning, we fct off for Paradife, and arrived there at three in the afternoon; when we found iilh very plentiful. By the way I obfervcd, that Saddle lilaad forms an excellent harbour for velfcls of any fize ; and I faw a back bear, in one of the fmall bights in Cooper's Cove. Juft as we arrived at Paradife, a very heavy ilorm of thunder, lightening and rain, came on ; but it was clear and hot, the reit of the day. ■ > . m; i Obferving THE FOURTH VOYAGE. » ' Obferving that all the nets were fet wrong, I had them taken up and put out a frefli. Great plenty of filh were going all this day. One of the nets having driven, it was boated and put out afrelli. Few fpring filh, but plenty of llinks going to day. Fog and fmall rain all day. «3i »777- Tiiefday 1. S. IV. jTtJh: Wednef. 2, £. Utle. I jud-^ed that there were forty-fix tierces of fifh on (hore, Thurfdayg. at (ix o'clock this morning, when I fet off" homewards. It began ^' ^•f"J''' to blow fu hard, before we got to Longflretch, that I was ap- prchenfivc the boat would have filled, the fea was fo boiflerous: however, we arrived fafe at two, and found the Otter at the wharf head; fhe arrived from Charles Harbour yefterday morn- ing. 1 he boaifmailer (Richard Smith) was on board, but the rell of the crew, and the Indian boy whom I had left at home, were gone in a fkiff'up White-bear River, in queftof me. She was laden with flops, provifions, fait, and cafk-packs. By letters from my agent I learnt that the lall fealing-fcafon had proved Pi>''s- very indifferent ; he having got but five tuns of oil. Smith in- formed me, that an American privateer was cruifing oflp Belle Ifle; that one of Noble and Pinion's veflels had arrived in Tem- ple Bay ; but that Mr. William Pinfon was not. (I fuppofe therefore, that he mull: be taken, as he failed from Waterford the day before me) He aifo informed me, that the lafl was the mildeft winter eve r known upon this coafl or that of Newfound- land ; as the froll had extended very little to the fouthward of hard. Quirjaon. At Conch there was no ice in the harbour at any time during the winter. In the afternoon, Smith and I rolled fomeofthe goods into the llorehoufe, and we afterwards re- packed fome of the rinds ; they being much heated. I pulled the firft radiflies this evening. A clear day. We ,11 I ' I 232 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. >777- Friday 4. IVind S. IV. Jlrcvg. hard/quail. Utile. We repacked fome more of the rinds, tranfplantcd fome cab- bages, and fovved fome radifh-feed. The fkiff returned in the afternoon, having followed me quite round the bay. In White- Bear River, they met with a Hag crofTmg the water and wounded him. They faid, that fifli were Hack there, but ver}' plentiful at Paradife this morning. We frefh flowed the ftorehoufc this afternoon, ready for receiving more goods. A heavy thunder fquall at one o'clock, and fine wcallitr both before and afterwards. Saturday 5. E. little. Sunday 6. E. N. E. hard. Monday 7. N. E. N. W. little. Tuefday 8. A^. E. N.W. W> moderate. Wednef. 9, S. IV. moderate. N.E. moderate. In the courfe of this day, we finifhed unlading the Otter, and put feveral cafks of fait and fome hoops on board her, for the falmon fiflieries. Dull weather with fome rain; and it rained hard mofl part of the night. The loading of the Otter being completed, at ten o'clock fhc failed for Paradife and White-Rear River. I tnm {planted fome cabbages. Fog and rain all day. After breakfafl:, I went over to Salt Meadow, with one of the women and Jack in a IkifF; we took the yawl in tow and loaded her with firewood. In the afternoon, three piles of rinds were re-packed. Some fmall rain. We re-packed the remainder of the rinds, dried the herring- nets, falmon-nets, and feal-nets ; alfo the fhips' and boats' fails, and flowed them all in the florehoufe. Jack killed a duck. Cloudy, with mild weather. We tranfplanted fome more cabbages. At four o'clock in the afternoon, the Fox fliallop came up from the flage, and I had fome rinds and provifions put on board her. The THE FOURTH VOYAGE. The ijiprnin^ ^as clear ?ind hot; it was foggy and cool after- W9r4$> ^ad rained hard at funfet. ,, 233 1777. July. £. little. At tep this morning the Fpx failed for the ftage. At two Thuriaay 10. o'clock the Otter returned, and informed me, that falmon were fcarce. I put the reijnainder of the rinds on board, and alfo fome other thi,ngs for the fta^e. At four the Bej^ver fh^llop arrived, and infqrmed me, that on the thirtieth ult. fhe failed frqnj Ch«^rles riarbour, in company with the Stag and Squirrel fhallops and Lj^nce baitlki|i^; all of which arrived fdfe this morning at the fliage. The Stag and Beaver are two new fhallpps, thirty tons' burthen 'each, built at Trinity laft winter; and were brought from thence JDy two boats-crews, which I fcnt paffengers from Waterford, on board one of Mr. Lefter's velfels. Thefe boats were laden with fait, and fome other things. Frpm the boats-mafter I was informed, that the Ame- ricans |i^d t^ken his Majefty's frigate Fox and feveral bankers upon the banks of Newfoundland ; that my fhip was not arrived at Charles Harbour when they left that place, and moreover that they did not fee her on tlieir paflage here. Dull, foggy weather. At feven this morning, having filled the Beaver up with ei^ipty calks and hoops, I fent her off for White-bear River and Paradife. At eleven o'clock I failed in the Otter for Great liland; at two, anchoring to flop tide off Fillbtlly, I went in the flciff to the entrance of Goofc Cove, and brought on board the Ikiff which lay there. I afterwards went to the point of Hare ilflji.nd Fickle, where I landed, and waUced to the top of the hill, in fearch of the top of my fpy-glafs, whicli I left laft year, but could not find it. I returned on board at dark, when the wind being foul, we remained faft for the night. I killed three gulls, an eider-duck, a diver, and a llink falmon. Clear, cold weather all day, with thick fog on the coult. Vol. H. H h We Friday ii. N. ncdtrate. After breakfafl: I flopped the leaks in the roof of the ftore- juiy! houfe, then forted out fome things for the falmon-pods, and ^ Hr^" ^°' ^" *^^ afternoon fent them up by captain Kinloch, in his yawl. Jack looked at the traps, and informed me, that a hind had been over one, but miffed the bridge ; that a great many deer had been about this place lately, and that an old flag had been caught in the large trap under Btack-Head, and had broken oiie of the fprings. Some more cabbages were tranfplanted in the gardeti ; they grow well, but the turn'ps run into tops, by being fowed too thick, and not thinned in time. It rained much all the morning, but was clear afterwards. fVind (aim. E. Ititli. Thurfday 31. IF. S. W. frtik, firtng. Au{uft. Friday t. N./Ttjh. cilm. Saturday ! moderate. E. moderatt. little. 1 had all the turnips pulled up, and the ground manured and dug for cabbages. After breakfaft I went to Laar Cove, where I flayed watching .mtil half flood, but faw nothing. A clear, warm day. », Captain Kinloch returned at one o'clock this morning, and brought a very large porcupine, which he fhot, miflaking it for a bear. He informed me, that very few fifh were going at Paradife, and none in White-bear River ; but tliet they flill caught fome poolers there, under the leap, in a fwing net. All hands were at work in the flore-houfe. ' s. j r * It rained till noon, and clear afterwards. This morning we finiflied flowing the eafl end of the flore- houfe ; I then put a few things on board the Otter, and ordered her to the flage. At noon I fet off myfelf in the Roebuck, with all my family, except Jack. I intended going round Hunt- ingdon Ifland, but, on rounding the north point, we found too much fea ; we therefore turned back, and were rowing all night. There was plenty of caplin in the two northemmoft coves. A clear day, and fine night. '--■ At 241 1777' Auguft. Sunday 3. mnds.m Jmart, pong. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. At midnight it began to blow very fmart, and became fo dark, that we were near being driven out to fea; as I miftook the higheft part of Long Uland, for Berry Hill; and was making for it, when we \vere hailed by captain Kinloch, who was at an anchor in the mouth of Blackguard Bay. At one this morn- ing we got to the ftage, and found the fhoremen there fplitting fifh ; having about four hundred quintals on fliore. I was in- formed that both fifli and baits had been fo plentiful for this week pafl, tliat the people had not been in bed all that time, and were almofl dead with fatigue. The men did not come out of the (lage till feven o'clock this morning; they thenfpread the water-horfe and green fifli, before they went to bed. A clear hot day. At day-break I fent the baitflcifF out, and flie returned at Monday 4. two in the afternoon, loaded with caplin, after having baited all ^' ^' ^^'■^' the boats. The Otter was laid on fliorc, and her larboard fide was calked. We made thofe fifli into pile, which were fpread on Friday; wafhed out forty quintals, and fpread the filh which were carried out yederday. At half pafl; five this' evening the boats came in with thirty-five quintals : they could not fl;ay longer by reafon of a fhift of the wind; and they would have loaded in that time, but they had no baits till noon. At noon I walked up to Lookout Hill and killed a curlew thi re; Mr. Daubeny killed one on Saturday. The Sciuinel, in going out of the harbour through Little Tickle this evening, ran upon the rock at the north end of it, but loon got oIF again without damage. A clear hot dav. little. Jujh. At eleven o'clock we hauled a fkiff-load of caplin by the fide of the flage. I went out with them immediately, and met the Hautboy coming in with filh upon the gangboards. After bait- ing the boats, I rowed to Green Illand, and from thence into Vol. IL I i F^allcrn riicfday 5. ¥.. J^,Ja. 242 »777- Auguft . We^ef, 6. Wind S. W. /rtjh. Thurfday 7. W. N. W. frtjhr K, E.firong. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Eatlern Arm, landed there, and walked to the top of the hill on the fouth lide, where I faw a flock of curlews, and plenty of deer's Hot. At five all the boats came in, and brought be- tween eighty and ninety qnintals of fine large fifh ; the Hautboy made a fecond trip, and returned half loaded. Fourteen quin- tals of fifli were wafhed, the water-horfe was carried out, and the green fifh were fpread. The flioremen were fplittmg all night. A clear, hot day ; fine weather for the fifliery. We waflied forty quintals of fifh as foon as the people came out of the flage, which was not till nine this morning, got fome into pile, and fpread more. At two in the afternoon the Hautboy came in with ten quintals, and the reft returned at fix with good cargoes: we had in all, above feventy quintals; the people were fplitting all night. I fent captain Kinloch off for the falmon-pofts, to order all the fpare hands from thence; the fhoremen being completely fatigued with incelfant labour. As one of them came from the ftage this morning, he turned down to the water-fide to wafh himfelf, and no fooner had he ftooped down for that purpofe, than he fell faft aflecp, and pitched head foremoft in; fortunately he could fwim, or he might have been drowned. Clear, hot weather. Early in the morning I went in the baitfkiff to White Cove, but got no baits there-, afterwards we hauled plenty by the ftage. I faw two brace of leverets on Slink Point, and killed a brace of them. The Hautboy did not go to fea till eleven o'clock this morning, and returned empty, as it began to blow ftrong when fhe got upon the ledge. The other boats brought in forty-five quintals. We wafhed and fpread fifh. Clear, hot weather. There . — ^ THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 243 There was great plenty of fifh and baits to-day. All the fhoremen are completely fatigued ard weary for want of reft. We wafhed and fpread filh. The Gniirrel loft her rudder and tiller in getting under weigh this evening, which obliged her to come to again. The planter returned from the northward this afternoon : he had been into Ivucktoke Bay, and upon a fmall ifland, near the entrance, he faw fome old Efquimau {hallops thwarted up. I killed two brace of curlews. Captain Kinloch returned at fun-rife, and brought Mr. Col- lingham and three hands from White-bear River. At fix o'clock a fkifF, with three hands, arrived from Paradife. At ten we hauled plenty of baits by the ftage, and I went out with them immediately to the boats ; after which I returned home, taking Mr. Collingham, the mate of the fhip, and the e. luue. women with me. By the way we landed on Fillbelly, where we obferved there had been fome deer lately. ; A clear morning, but it rained hard in the afternoon. 1777. Auguft. Friday 8. Wind variaiU. Jlrong. frejk. Saturday 9. S.W' little. I had fome bread examined, and found part of it damaged. Sunday t». We tranfplanted fome cabbages, and found the cucumber ^•^* plants dead for want of air and water. It rained all day. hard. More bread, and alfo fome flops were examined, a pair of black-ducks. Hard rain all day. Jack killed Monday tl. A'. £. heavy. "■' At five this morning I fet off for the fluge ; and in my way thither, I landed on Fillbelly and Berry Ifland, but faw nothing on either. I arrived at the ftage at five in the afternoon, and was informed that no boat could go out ycfterday, on account of the gale of wind ; which made fo great a fea, that it waflied over the Pigeon-Rocks. There was good fifliing to-day till two I i 2 o'clock. Tuefday t2, N. IV, ItttU. N.F., Utttti «44 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. ^777- Augufl. o'clock, but none were to be caught afterwards: the boats brought in fifty quintals of fmall fifh. The planter failed for the fouthward this morning. Clear till eight in the morning ; but there was a thin fog aftei-wards. Wednpf. 13. Wind N. E. liltU. Thurfday 14. S.JV. moderate. Friday 15. W. mtderatt. Jmart. moderate. At five this morning I went to Slink Point, where I killed a hare with my greyhound, and fhot fix groufe and four cur- lews; and I killed two more curlews upon this ifland after- wards. The baitfkiff was out all day, but caught no baits ; the caplin having been all driven off the coad by the late gale of wind. The boats brought in fifty quintals of fifli. We fpread a great deal to-day, and landed fifty hogfheads of fait out of the (hip. A very fine day. Between five and eight o'clock this morning I fhot forty curlews upon this iPand ; and I killed fix more not far from home in the courfe of the day. No baits to be had ; and the boats got only ten quintals of filh. The Otter was ballafted, and we put all the empty tierces into her. Some fifli were wafh- ed; but we fpread none. Dull till ten o'clock ; it then rained for the reft of the day-, and cleared up in the evening. The baitfkiff was out all day, and got only a few lance ; but in the evening we took a fmall number of caplin, near the ftage. The boats brought in above forty quintals of fifli, which they caught with faked caplin ; the fifhermen reported, that there was plenty of fifh on the ledges. Early in the morning I fent the Otter, with Kinloch, to the falmon-pofts. We fpread all the green fifh, made a large pile, and wafhed a confiderable bulk. I killed three curlews. A fine day. This THE FOURTH VOYAGE. This morning wq hauled a few caplin near the ftage, and I carried them out to the boats; they had pretty good fuccefs in catching large fifh. I then crofTed over to Venifon Head, where I landed and walked to the top of Berry Hill, which 1 obferved to be covered with partridge-berries, and faw plenty of geefe and black-ducks from thence. I killed two of the latter, four terns, and a lady. We Ipread yefterday's water-horfe, walhed out more filh, and piled what were dry. A clear, fin2 day. After breakfaft Mr. Daubeny and I went in a fkiff with four hands to the head of Curlew Harbour, where we landed and walked over the hills to Black Ifland Tickle, from thence to Cape North, then back to the boat along the north fhore. We faw a deal of old flot of deer, fome new, a few geefe, and plenty of black-ducks. We killed three of the latter, five eider-ducks, a brace of ptarmigans, a brace of curlews, a grey plover, and a lady. The water-horfe was fprcad. Some fhowers at noon, but the reft of the dav was fair. 245 1777. Augull. Saturday t6. Wind W.fnjh. Sunday 17. N. W.J'mart. N. E. /mart: S. mcdtraU, Monday 18. N.W. frcjli. The baitfkiff was out all day, but got only a few fmall lance. About fixty quintals of fifli were walhed. In the evening I killed two brace of groufe and a leveret, on the ifland. The Squirrel having damaged her rudder-irons yefterday, did not N.E./quaiiy go to fea this morning, and the other boats did not return this evcnmg. A dull morning, clear day, and flnowcry evening. In the morning I went off in the baitfkiff to the northward. We landed on the gull-rock on the north-eaft fide of Hunting- don Ifland, where we got fome young pigeons, and fliot a fe^v terns; we fearched the fliore of Huntingdon Ifland, but found no baits; at dark we landed on Bald Ifland, and lay there by a fire. A fine day. At Tuefday ig. S. E.frefu 246 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. >777 Auguft. Wednef. no. N.W.freJh. liltlt. N. fquatly. Thurfday 21, lalvi. s. w. moderate. At day-light I walked acrofs the ifland to look for deer, but found there were none upon it; nor had there been any this fummer. At fix o'clock we went off and fearched the back part of that, and feveral other iflands, which lie to the eaflward of it, but found no baits. We met witli an excellent harbour for veffels between two of them. From thence we went to Groufe Ifland, where I landed and took a walk, while the flcifi' tried for baits : I found that ifland was generally much fre- quented by deer; but, none on it now. At noon the flciff^ re- turned without any baits, when wc made fail for Sadler's Ifland, where we got fome young gulls and pigeons. We returned to the fl;age at fun-fet. The boats brought in only five quintals of fifli lafl; night; but this evening they had forty-two quintals, and would have killed many more if they had been furniflied with baits. A dull day, and rainy afternoon. Early this morning Mr. Daubeny and I went in a fLifF with four hands to Tinker, and outer Sifter Ifland; wc fliot forty- eight old tinkers, and picked up' feventy-fix young ones and gulls together. The boats brought in fcventeen quintals of large fifli. While we were away, two old flags took the wa- ter from the eaft fliore and fwam towards this ifland; two others were going to follow, but the people made fo much noife, that they all turned back. Wc had a deal of fifli fprcud, and I killed four curlews. A fine day, with fome rain at night. I'riilay 22. A', moderate. N. E. tyhidiiale. I fent two boats to the Gannct Iflands to try for fifli, but they did not return at night; and thofe who fiflied on the ufual ground killed only feven fifli. We had more fifli waflied out, fpread a great deal, and got fome into pile. I killed four curlews on the ifland in the morning, and at eleven o'clock I went in a fl^ifl', Avitli the two Indian women, into Curlew Har- bour; THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 247 »777- Aiiguft, mnd E. S.E. Saturday 23. p-ong. modtralt bour ; we landed on the fouth fide, and walked to the top of a hill, where we met with a brocket, which I killed, and returned home at dark with the venifon. A very fine day. We had fome fifh wafhed, the water-horfe carried out, and a deal of filh put into pile. This morning the Otter returned with the cooper on board, and brought a hundred and ten tierces of falmon, befides fome few other things. The Fox came in at one in the afternoon, with three quintals of fifli, which were caught at the Gannets yefterday. The people faid, that the tide ran very rapidly there, and that thofe iflands were covered with geefe. The reft of the boats came in at three o'clock, without any filh. In the evening I fent the bait-fkiff oft' for Caribou Caftle, but flie returned at nine o'clock, not being able to proceed. A cloudy day, with fome ftiowers in the evening. At five this morning the baitfkifi^ failed for Caribou Caftle. The Fox and Squirrel were laid on fliore to clean their bot- toms, and we got the latter off again in the evening. The water-horfe was fpread. A clear day, with a fmall jfhower in the evening. The other boats went to fea this morning, and at noon the Fox came off' the ground, and followed them ; they brought in three quintals of fifti. We wallied fixty quintals of fifli in the morning, and at noon, fpread thofe which were on the flakes. Thebaitlkiff returned mthe evening without any baits. Heavy rain till noon, when it cleared up, and the reft of the day proved fair. We fpread the water-horfe, heaved three piles of fifh, and Tuefday aS. waftied forty quintals. Two. of the boats came m at dark, with about Sunday 24, fV. M IK frrfli. tiltlt. Monday 05, N. fr'Jh. littU, m B Im ^■S>i ill ^H'' Wk\ ||9'' M' y| flSMii m ^^M' wE w. 7itodtraU4 248 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. •777- W'cdiicf. 27. mnd frijh. iittU. Tliurfday sS, JV. pong. moderate. little. Friday 29, 5. IV. little. about half a quintal of fifh. Curlews have grown very fcarce within thefe few days part, and great numbers of geefe have ap- peared lately, as they arc getting the ufe of their wings very fall now. A cloudy day. The Fox and Squirrel went to try for fifh about Black Illand, and to the fbuthward. After brcakfall, 1 went in a fkiff with two hands, to the head of this bay to look at a pond, and fee if it were pra6licable to get a fkiff into it, to haul for trouts; 1 found it was, but that it would be attended with difficulty. I after- wards walked to the top of Table Hill, from whence I had an extenfive view. I tailed a trap for geefe on each of the Duck Iflands, and fhot two geefe and fix curlews : the Beaver and Hautboy returned to-day, with feven quintals of very large fifh; which they caught yeflerday, drifting between the Gannets and Tinker Ifland. A cloudy, fine day. The Beaver and Hautboy went out this morning to the N. E. end of Long Ifland, but foon returned without any fiih, and the Squirrel came in with only fix, and Ihe had loll her grapnel: I fent her out again. The flioremen were employed in building in the morning ; afterwards, part of them in wafliing fifh; and the reft, with Mr. Daubeny and me, went to White Cove in order to drain the pond there, but found it would be too difficult. Rained in the morning, fair afterwards. After brcakfaft I went in a punt with a couple of boys, to the caft fide of the harbour, where I landed and walked to the top of Mount Martin, upon which I fat watching all day. I faw the Fox come into the harbour, and a fhallop in Table Bay coming to the northward, which I took to be the Squirrel. In the THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 249 tlie evening I killed a pair of black ducks. The water-horfc r ^^*^^ , The Fox was laid on fhore ; was fprcad, and a pile heaved. fhe being leaky. The Beaver and Hautboy failed to the northward. Auguft. We turned up ycflerday's water-horfe, and in the evening' Saturday 30, made it up into large faggots. We heaved a pile, piled fome green fifh, and waflied out two bulks. At four this morning the Otter failed for Caribou. In the evening we got the Fox off. The other three boats came in, all from the northward ; the Beaver had three quintals of filh, but the other two none. They faw a fliallop going to the northward, and fuppofed her to belong to the planter, who was here in the beginning of this month, and is the fame which I faw yeflerday in Table Bay. The Otter returned at eight, not being able to proceed. A clear, hot day, with a little rain in the evening. Wind N.W. Jlnmg. medtraUi £. N. E. little. At fix o'clock the Otter failed again. At feven all the fhal- lops and the baitlkiff went olf for the fouthward, in queft of fifh and baits ; taking fplitters and fait with them. At ten I went off in the Roebuck, with the women and one man, for home, and arrived there at five in the afternoon. We unloaded the Otter immediately, and reladed her with empty tierces and hoops for Paradife. In the garden I found pcafc fit to pull ; and the cu- cumbers were fet. Small rain and fog in the morning ; clear afterwards. At five this morning Mr. Collingham went in a fkiff, with two hands, to Dyke's River, to fetch fome oars. At (even the Otter failed for Paradife. We pulled the firft peafe. In the even- ing I went over to Earl Ifland, and tailed two traps for otters. Clear and exceedingly hot all day; cloudy with fmall rain in the evening. Vol. II. K k In Sunday 31. S.frejh. moderate, calm. E. frejhi W. frejh. September. Monday 1. W. freJh. ealm. N. N. E. N.E. freJh. •i 250 raE FOURTH VOYAGE. Ill the niorniiig Jack and I went to the traps under Black Head and in Laar Qwe ; a beaver had been in the one by the •777- SrptciiilK'r. lucidly a. brook. In tlie cveninff lack vi filed thofe on Earl IHand, and A. ,V. E. brought a rabbit out ol' one of them. Cloudy, dull weuiht r, with a lew fmall fliowers. Wediirf. 3. W, modtratt. Tliiirfihy 4. mtdtratt. After brcakfall, taking Jack with mc, I went in the Roebuck to Cartwright River; we pitched our tent at the mouth of Alder Brook, and rummaged it for beavers, but could not find the houfe which niy people faw there this fpring. On our way we tailed a couple of traps for otters, in a cove at the north end of Huntingdon Illand. A clear, warm day. Early in the morning we went up the brocjk again, and took a long, fatiguing walk to the top of a high hill, from whence wc could command an exlenlivc view of the country. We obfervcd, that it was chiclly marllies with fmall ponds in them, and very little wood, except by the fides of the river and brooks; there the foil is a good, rich fand, and produces plenty of very large limber, and abundance of as good rafpberries, both red and white, as ever I ate in my life. There are alio large beds of aldor and willow, which mull caufe a great refurt ut groiifc in the winter. To the northward of the river mouth wc "oiiM perceive a large bay, the whole Ihore of which is a fine li.iidy beach, except the northern extremity, which is terminated by a rocky, hilly, barren headland, with a fmall iilaiul lying off the point. Between the bay and the river, the land is llui and low, confilling almoll entirely of wet marlhes. We found four dams and a hovel as we went up the brook; and on our return. Jack coming down the other fide, found the houfe, fituated at the extremity of a very narrow point, which we did not go round before. I killed three large, horn owls and a black-duck. A clear, hot day. In 251 September. Friday 5. Wind K N. E. pong. nodtrate. Saliirday 6. A^. £. Utile, THE FOURTH VOYAGE. In the afternoon wc went up the brook again, made a breach in three of ilic bcaver-d.ims, and tailed traps in two of them; and wc faw the fceting of three beavers, in fomc mud at the mouth of the brook. Much fhow and rain till noon, but fair afterwards. Jack looked at the traps this morning, and as nothing had been near them, he brought them away. After which, we moved to Sandy Point, where we pitched our tent again. Wc obfcrved, lliat a wolf and Ibme foxes had been along fliore tliere lall night; we tailed one trap for a fox, and another for a goofe. We had a couple of o\vls for dinner, which proved fat and white, but very tough. fog and rain all day. A crofs-fox was in one of the traps this morning, and great Sunday;. numbers of gccfc were about the point all day; I killed four •J'''"'s- an J a black-duck. '"'"^''''"• Dark, cold, wet weather till noon, when it became fair. We went homewards at fevcn lliis morninj^, and looked at Mo^fiay 8. M pong. N. E. pong. the traps by the way ; an otter \\as in one of thofe upon Hunt- ingdon Ifland, the other was flruck up, and a rabbit was in one on P'arl Ifland. Pinchqut Point being much ufed by geefe, I tailed two traps for them. Dark, cold weather. Itblcw hard, with rain all day ; the wind abated and it clear- Tucfjay 9. ed np in the evening. At noon Jack and I rowed roLuul tlic harbour, and having traps WeiJnef. 10. with us, \\'e put out live lor otters, and five for geefe. A rabbit '"""'*''• was in one of thofc on Earl Illand, wc Iliot a black-duck, and f>'M'- K k 2 faw 'i./ja IHK lOURTH VOYAGE. "777. Sfpifiiili^r. Windcilm. faw a deal of ficlh Hot of old Hags on Salt Meadow. la the attcrnooii the Otter came down, and brouj^lit forty licrccs of falmon, Ibnic f'j'uis, and dcnnagc; I put lomc provdions into her lor llic llagc. A dear day. ^ttt and tariaile. Thirfj-iy II. At fix this morning Mr. CoUingham went down to the ftagc in the Otter. At Icven I went in a Ikifi' with two hands to the traps on Huntingdon liland ; we had two yellow-foxes and a goofe, and I Ihot two otters on a rubbingplacc. I tailed eight traps more for gcefe, took up the two which I put out on Mon- day, and tailed them for otters; alfo, fixed two Hips for deer, and brought home twoottertraps which were under Black Head. On my return home, I found the baitlkiff with two hands, come up from the llage; they brought a haunch of venifon, fome birds, and a letter from Mr. Daubcny, informing me, that the bouts were returned from the fouthward with very few fifh. Clear till three o'clock, and cloudy afterwards. Friday la, S, metit' ute. Early in the morning Jack vifited the traps in Laar Cove^ and brought in a marten. At fun-rife the biiitlkifF returned. Aftei breakfall I went in a IkifF with two hands, round the traps in the harbour; we had a couple of rabbits in thofe on the lower rubbingplacc on Earl Ifland, tailed another for otters, and four for gecfe. Dark, clofc weather, with rain. Saturday 13. .<^ -. The remainder of the bread was packed in cafks. down the old (love, and put up the new one. Dull, moiil weather. I took Sund!iv-i4. At eight o'clock this morning I fent the cooper and Jack to ^- Huntingdon Ifland ; they returned in the evening with an otter and ^53 "7;7- September* H'nuf N. N. IV. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. and a tcni. At leu o'clock a white-bear appeared upon the giuliy point, under the high hill on Earl Uland; 1 watched him lor an hour, expecting he would come over here, but he then tuinrd along Ihore upwards, and as there was no boat here, 1 tcjok a man along with me, and walked round the harbour to the narrows, hoping he would crofs the re, but was difappomted. On our return, we killed live Ipruce-game and a porcupine; the former my man knocked down with lloins. At eight o'clock at night Mr. Daubeny came from the llage in the Fox, and informed me that he had ordered three boats to dilcontinuc their hlhing, and had lent one of them a cruiling for timber to build houles with. Cloudy and moill in the morning, clear and warm afterwards. I Hiipped oITprovifions and other things for Charles Harbour, M..mi.iy 15. on board the Fox. Two men w^ere drawing the outlide of my '^•f"J'- houfc widi clay. Jack vilited his traps in Laar Cove, and had the kg of a yellow-fox. A clear day. S.F.. S. tiule. The people were cinpK>yed as yeflerday. Cloudy weather. Tuefday 16^ At eight o'clock this morning Mr. Daubeny failed for the wedncf. tj, ilasre in the I'ox. Two men were drawinii '"V houfe in the '*'• mornmg, and hay-making afttrwards. In the evenmg I went over to Salt Meadow and looked at the gecfe traps, but found nothing in them. A clear, \varm, pleafant day. Two men were making up the hay in Laar Cove. I fent ThurGiav t8. Jack up Laar Brook to look for beavers; he faw no ligns of "'-/'^'A any, but found a good rubbingplace by the pond, and fhot four. !1, lis 4 € 254 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1777. ^^"^ fpruce-game. I went up my path and built two death- Scptcmber. falls. mcdlrate. Clear, plcafant \veathcr all day. Friday 15, W.fnjh. AT; K. modtrate. Saturday 20, S. IV. littlt. Two men were drawing the walls of the lioufe. I fcnt Jack and the cooper to the traps on Huntingdon Ifland ; tliey had a goofe in one, another was carried into the water by an otter which had got out, a third was loll, and they brought away one of the Oipsj Tome deer had been through them. I went to the deathfall-path, but got nothing. A fine day, but at night it grew dull, threatening rain. After breakfafl I went in a fkiflf with my family, to vifit the traps round the harbour, and had a pair of geefe in them. We landed at the mouth of the fecond brook on Earl Illand, from whence I walked over the barrens and marChcs to the fouth-weft corner, and from thence along fliore back. I knocked off the heads of a brace of I'pruce-game at one fhot, and of a pair of ducks at another, with my rifle. Mr. Bruce arrived this evening- in the baitfkifT, and informed me, that he returned froi;', Charles Harbour yelterday, in tlie Stag (hallop; and that they Iiad got but fifty tierces of falmon, and ninety quintals of cod at that place. At midnight I fent the baitfkitf back v/ith t^vo hands. Thick, dry fog till ten this morning, and excellively hot afterwards. Sunday 21. calm, E. litlU. N. frfjh. little. At ten this morning I fet off with Mr. Bruce and four hands in my fkiff, for the Itagc; we went round the north end of Huntingdon Illand to look for the lofl: trap, whicli wc found with a crofs-fox in it, almoll fpoilt by the lea lice, Wc landed one man there to walk acrofs the illand and meet the boat on her return, and got to the ilage at fun-fet, when I lent the fiviii' back. A clear, hot day. j^ jj^. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. *55 0 A pile of fidi was heaved, fome fait landed, and fome goods {hipped off tor Charles Harbour. I was writing letters to EiJt^land ail day. Clear, cold weather. c. '777- September. Monddy 22. Wind N.JrtJk. S. S. E. mrderate. Jnjk. At nine this morninir Mr. Bruce failed for Charles Harbour Tuefday 23. in the Stag. The remainder of the fait was landed. After 'utue,' baakfall 1 took a walk upon the ifland, and killed a brace of n. groufe. Clear, warm weather. At nine I his morning Mr. Daubeny and I went in a fkifF to Wednef. 24. Gready Harbour, and ordered the Beaver to follow. We landed on the largefl of the Black Illands, which makes one hde of the harbour, and walked to the eaflern end of it; we faw the flot of a few deer which had been there this fummer, but none frelh. This harbour is very liife from all winds, and there is no danger in going in, but what may be feen in the day-time. The caflcrn entrance is i\\^: w iuell and det^pelt; it is well fitu- atcd for a coi-fiQury; and Gready lllmd is very convenient to build rooms upon. The iluiUop not being able to beat up^ we met her as we returned, and fent lier back. Clear, warm weather. At ten this morning Mr. Daubeny and I failed in the Beaver, t^ r, '' J » 1 Iiurklav 2,(;, in fearch of a fealing-po(l. At night we anchored in Privy Harbour. On both the illands which make this harbour, we faw figns of white-bears; and I killed five ladies and a duck. This harbour lies nearly Eall and Well; the weilern entiance is clear and good, but the other is narrow and very llioal; it widens in the middle, is perfedly falc- from all winds, and an excellent place to conceal vcllcls from an enemy. A cloudy day, with a little rain in the evening. I moderalt. '1,1 i M: At 2^^ THE FOURTH VOYAGE. >777- September. Friday 26. IVMS. If. moderate. frtjii. little. At day-light wc got to lea through the eadern tickle, and went into Sutton Bay, where we came to an anchor in eight fathoms of \vater, over a fine hottom of white fand, two mileri from the nortli, and three from the wefl fliore. We then landed on the north iide, which is a pcninfula, lo\v at the illiimus, and rifing to a modeiate fized hill towards the extremity : it fepa- rates this bay., from one on the north fide, which is very (boa! and has a prodigious fiu'f breaking at a great dillance from the fliore. We found the water in Sutton Bay to fiioal gradually all the way in, to the pcninfula; there the fliore is rocky, with fomc furf breaking upon it, which at times nrnfl be very great. It is rather too flioal for fealing, yet I mufl; try it, fince there is no better thereabouts: it is well defended from all winds, except thofe between eafl and fouth-eafl;, but I think it a much better place to catch foxes at; a few martens and otters may likewife be picked up there, and great plenty of firewood grows on the fpot, where a winter crew fliould take up their refidence. We foimd a path acrofs the iilhmus nnich ufed, and faw the frefh tracks of fevcral foxes, wolves and black- bears upon the beach. The fhore from Sandy Point; to this ifthmus, extends about feven miles or more in length, runs almoft in a ilraight line, and has a beach of line, vvhite fand the whole way : and from the north fide of the iilhmus, a li- milar fhore runs in the fame direciioii, as far as we could fee. Off the point of the pcninfula lies a fmall, rocky illand, Vv^ith a narrow palfage between them. The fouth fide of this bay is formed by feveral ifiands lying at fomc dillance from the con tincnt, one of which makes a fafe anchoring place for fliips of any fi/c, between it and the fandy beach: and the whole bay feems extremely fit to ufe both a trail and a drudge in, but with what luccefs, experience mufl; prove. On oar return to Ihc fliallop, I ordered her to proceed for the north end of Huntingdon THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 257 Huntingdon Ifland. Daubeny and two hands accomparied me < — '^— •> in the fkifF to Sandy Point, where we took in two traps which September. had been left there in the fpring. The fhallop not being able to get to the place appointed, we proceeded to Caribou Caflle, where we arrived at dark. Dull morning, but clear afterwards. At day -light I fent Mr. Daubeny out in the fkifF to meet the Satunfay »7, fhallop, and he returned with her at eleven o'clock; when fhe ffr.modfrate. proceeded to Paradile, to bring down the falmon. In the evening Jack went to Laar Cove, where he killed a pair or black-ducks. Dull till nine o'clock, then came on a fquall of rain; clear after. Obferving many geefe at the point of Earl Ifland this after- SunJay 28. noon, I fent a man over there, and he returned at night with N.jircng. nine and a rabbit. Sharp frofl all day, with fome fliowers of fleet. Early this morning, more geefe being on the point I fent Monday 29. the fame man over again, and he foon returned with two of ^^^^ '^• them, and four fpruce-game. Mr. Daubeny went off for the flage in a fkifF. Jack vifitcd the deathfalls and traps in Laar moderate Cove, but got nothing. Clear, fharp frofl all day ; a cloudy, mild evening. After breakfaft I went in a fkifF with two hands round the Tuefday 30. harbour, took up all the traps, and fhot two ftrangers. A cooper, a brazier, and a taylor were at work on their refpeft- ive bufinefl^es, and two men were drawing the walls of my houfe. In the evening Jack went to Laar Cove, and brought home a goofe and two black-ducks. Vol. II. L 1 Sharp A^. IV: modfrafg and liUUt 258 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. »777- Odober. Sharp frofl in the morning, cold the reft of the day ; clear and cloudy alternately. Weiief. I. Wind N.frejk. At day-light the Otter and Beaver came down from Para- dife; the former loaded with timber for building, and the latter had fifty-nine tierces of falmon, which are the lall. I put fome provifions into her, and at eight o'clock they both failed for N.E.fre/h. the ftage. Some of the people being out of their time, they all got drunk. In the afternoon Jack went to Laar Cove and brought in a filver-fox, a black-duck, and a gull. It ihoTved in the morning, and was cloudy and cold the reft of the day. In the evening I fixed a Farenheit's thermometer out for the winter, and at eight o'clock at night the mercury ftood at 3 Thurflay z. Friday 3, variable. Satur(!av 4, variable. All the people were drunk again ; which always is the cafe for fome days at the expiration of their year's fervitude. Jack vifited the traps in Laar Cove without fuccefs. In the evening I went over to Earl Ifland, and returned at dark. Cloudy, cold weather. Ther. j^ 35°— 2'' 40°— S'' 38" All hands were at work to-day. After breakfaft I went in a fkiff with Jack and another hand, and brought home the traps ani flip from Huntingdon Ifland. Jack fliot a fliellbird, and had a very fine filver-fox in an ottertrap. I went upon the ta- ble hill and fat ^vatching there for four hours, but faw nothing. At nine this evening the Otter and Hautboy came up from Great Ifland with eleven hands. A clear, plcafant day. Ther. 7*' 28° — 1'' 55° — 8'' 38°. At nine this morning the Hautboy with three hands failed for White-bear Ri\'er. The reft of the people were cutting firewood — 12" THE FOURTH VOYAGE. firewood and drawing my houfe till two o'clock, \vhcn rain obliged them to defifl. Clear in the forenoon, and rained afterwards. Ther. y^ 38° — i2''42i°— 8''4o°. The Otter was laid on fhore this morning's tide, that we might flop her leaks. We found the fpring in her keel, and one feam on her llarboard bulge to be very bad. Jack went to Laar Cove and brought a goofe and a hawk : he faw the flot of fe- veral deer on Great Marfh, which had been chafed by wolves. Mod of the people were drunk again. Thick, moirt, mild weather. Ther. y^ 40° — 12'' 44° — S*" 43°. Very little work was done to-day, the people not being quite Monday 6. fober. At high-water this morning the Otter was hauled off ''■ ^' ■^"""''' and moored. In the eveninjj Jack went round his traps, in which were an owl and a jay ; he faw more frefh flot of deer in the marfh. Moifl, lowring weather. Ther. 7'' 43° — 12'' 48''— 8'' 45°. 2.59 r— -^ i »777. Oaobcr. Wind E. frcjh. Sunday 5. N. E. frtjh. little and calm. modtratt. Tiiefday 7. calm. A'. E, Jlron/r, We heaved down the Otter at the wharf, and had the leak m her flarboard fide calked. Two men were drawing the flore- houfe, and the reft cutting firewood for a fhort time only; being driven off by the weather. Jack went round the traps, and tailed two flips on the bank of Great Marfh. I vifited fome of them, and faw frefh flot of deer in a fmall marfh by the back fliore. ■ Clofe, foggy weather till noon ; afterwards it both rained and fnowed. Ther. ;'> 42°— i'' 38°. The people were at work all this day. Jack went round his ^^'c'^"'"*^- ^^ traps, and brought home a porcupine; he law the frefh flot of ha,d. a deer upon Signal Hill. L 1 2 Cloudy ,' I zSo. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. '777 Cloudy weather, with fmall hail at times. Ther. 7'' 38° — Odober. l'' 37° 6^34°' Thurfday g. N. N. (V. N. moderaU, pong. tfoicrate. Friday lo. S. 8 E. moderate. hard. Saturday 1 1 W. Jiormy, All the people were at work. Jack tailed a flip in a marlh on the fouth lideof the harbour; and I vifited the traps, in which was a filver-fox, and (hot a fpruce-game with my rifle. All the flops were put out to air. Clear, frofty weather. Ther. 7'' 28° — 4*' 35° — S"* 33° N. B. My thermometer I believe is not true; the mercury feems to fl;and about three degrees higher than it ought to do. The people were at work till noon, when they were driven off' by the weather. After breakfaft I went out in a fkiff^, but was foon obliged to return. I knocked down three eider-ducks, but got only one of them. Hazy weather till noon, it rained the refl: of the day, and clear- ed up at night. Ther. 7'' 34"— 2'' 39°— 8'^ 40°. It blew fo heavy a gale of wind all laft night, that this morn- ing I found twelve feet of the ridge of the flore-houfc, and eight feet of the wall-plate of the ftore-room uncovered: and as the gale continued all this day, I had them botched up only for the prefent. At four in the afternoon the Hautboy returned from White-bear River, and brought the cooperp, fome empty cafks, Ibme hoops and two beavers. In crofling Sandwich Bay, the lea ran fo high, that it tore out the ftem of the flciif by the neglecl of the crew , and flie was loft:. They came to an anchor a little above the wharf, but as it was impoflible to fend a flcilf on board, I made them a fignal to run the boat on fliore; which they did, without doing any damage. The fea ran over the wharf, from end to end, and the tide was as high as at any of the fpnng tides. Ther. f 28°— 21^ 32'— S'' 33°. Jack. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Jack went round his traps ; he liad a crofs-fox, and fhot a goofc. In the evening, wc got tlie Hautboy off. Cloudy weather. Ther j^ 36°— 12'' 39°— 81^ 32°. At fevcn this morning, I fent tlie Hautboy off for the flage with three hands ; foon after, finding that four of the other people were run away, I took a Ikiff' with four hands, and went myfelf alfo. I arrived there at two in the afternoon, and found that Mr. Bruce had returned from Charles Harbour ; that the Squirrel had been forced from her anchors on Saturday laft, driven on fhore upon the eafl fide of the harbour and was bulged ; and that the Stag's punt had broke adrift and was loll. In the evening, the runaways appeared on Slink Point and made a fignal for a boat ; but I would not fuffer one to go for them. Dark lowering weather all day, and it fnowed hard all night. In the night, a fkiff broke adrift from the flern of the fhip and drove away. Mr. Collingham fnot three groufe, and I one by the houfe. The fea walTied into the Itagc, and carried away many of the pofls and ihurcs. Drifting fnow ail day. 261 ( ^ — . '777- Oftober. Sunday 12. Wind. W. N. IV.' J"f'. Monday 13, W. S. IV. /marl. littlii calm. Tuefday 14, A'. E. N. Jlormy, tv~ ! ^i III It blew a very heavy gale of wind all this day, with froft and Wednef. 15. Ihow. The lea broke into the Itage, from end to end, walhed fome of the fide-boards, polls, and fhores down, ai>d I thought it would have earned it awav entirely. The Hautboy, riding at the flage head, parted her road and drove on Ihore near the falt-houfe ; we q,ot her off la the evening, and moved her to the fandy beach, where ffie was laid on Ihore ; Ihe had taken ' ~ry little damage, except the lofs of her rudder. Moft of the iQiips water-calks, and her new forcyard, were walhed off the beach ; all of which were driven away. The N.IV. N. N. fV. heavy gait:. 262 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1777- October. Thurfday 16. M'ifid N. ft'. A'. Jlormy, Friday 17. N. W. hard gale %. The gale continued all this clay with froll and cloudy weather. The fea broke into tlic flage, and the fpiay flew quite over it and fome of the piles of dry fifli. The fliip's long boat filled lafl night, as fhe rode aflern. In the eveniniT, Mr. Daubcny got a fkiflp into the water and went on board the fliip and fhallop, to fee what Hate they were in. I fliot a hare and a brace of groulc upon this illand. The gale continued all this day likewife, with cloudy, frolly weather ; but it did not blow quite {o Itrong as yellerday. Saturday 18. Having fprcadthe water-horfe, we opened thepiles; wegot the Charles Harbour fifh out of the llage and then unroofed it for the winter. I lent the ihip's long-boat and a IkifF acrofs the harbour, to pick up what they could find ; they got the fhip's fore-yard and ^vater-caflcs, with fome other things, but both the flkifF and punt were wrecked. In the afternoon, I had the Squirrel blocked up for the winter. The flioal in the mouth of Black- guard Bay, broke very high to day ; yet there is five fathoms of water upon it. A clear, mild day, and both the wind and fea abalcd fall. A^. W.pong. fmart. frejh. Sunday 19. N, moderate. A'. "'. UUie. .?. W. little. This morning we got the Beaver and Hautboy to the flage head, and fhipped off fome vi6lualling fifh, the rinds, and the winter hands. At half paft nine, I fet off' in the Hautboy for home, accompanied by Mr. Collingham and feven hands, and brought the fkiff along with me ; leaving the Beaver to follow, which fhe did at noon. At three o'clock, being no farther from Venifon Head than the gull-rock, I went forward in the fkiff and got home at nine o'clock, when I found, that the runaways had returned on Thurfday, almoil; dead with hunger, fatigue and cold ; having had nothing but kelps to eat all that time, no houfe Ottobcr. Wind 5. W. lullc. Monday 20, A'. IV. mocleral.; THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 263 houfc to take fhcltcr in, nor could the weather have been worfe at ihis lealun. 1 was alfo informed, that the platform of the wharf was carried away by the late gales, which cau fed the tide to rife io much higher than ufual, that it flowed over the greatell pan of my little garden, and deftroyed many fine cau- liflowers and cabbages ; it walhed a foot high, againfl: the front of the florchoulc. Clear, mild weather. Both boats arriving in the night, I fent the fealers off for Sut- ton Bay, to build their winter-houfe; and by the refl; I had the roof of the florc-houfe properly repaired, and the Otter ballafted. In the mean time, I iisrved out io the coopers part of their winter provifions. Clear, mild weather. Ther. 4'' 39" — 9'' 31" Obfcrvation. On Monday lail, when I went away from this place, it blew a Imart gale, but as loon as we got to Black Head, which is Icaic. ly lv. o miles from hence, we had very little wind ; before the evening, it liccame a dead calm, which continued until midnight, when the gale came on. at Great Ifland: here, the wclterly wind continued to blow with the fame force, until four in the afternoon; it then fliiftecl to north-cad, and immediately blew exceedingly hard, attended Avith much fnow. The dillance from this place to Great Ifland, is aboat fifteen miLs; the true bearings, Eall and Wefl. I fhipped off more provifions for the coopers, on board the TucCiay st. Otter. Two hands were mending nets, two drawing the florc- ^' "'-J^'J' houfe, two cutting firewood, and the reft were occupied va- rioufly. Jack went rcund his traps and fliot a goofe. At eleven at night Mr, Collingham returned in the Beaver, having landed [)art of the Icaling-crew, their rinds, &c. A clear, fioily day. llicr. 7'' 28°— 4'' 3i°— 8'' -8°. Having ti^ ,'* i 'il'' lii''' ■ ■■™ ' In i 264 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. '77/- Ottober. Wcdncf. 22. IVind N. K. mcderate. Tliurfilay 23. S. fV. moderate. Friday 24. A^. little. Saturday 25. Having fitted out the coopers, I fcnt them ofl' sit one in the afternoon in the Oiler and Haiiihoy lor Paradifc. I then began to fit out the boat-l>uilders' crew, and fcnt Jack to look at the traps, with orders to go forward to Goofc Cove and remain there a few days, to fhoot geefe. A clear, dehglitful day, with p;en'.lp froQ. Ther. 7'' 29° — I fhippcd ofl" provi (ions for the builders' crew on board the Beaver. After dinner I went round the traps but got nothing. At eleven o'clock at night, Mr. Daubeny came up in a Ikift'; and at twelve, Captain Kinloch and Mr. Bruce arrived in the Stag, and informed me, that the fliip's cargo was all on board. A clear, pleafant day. Ther. 7' " .lo°-8" 34' Sunday 26; 5. IV. moderate. I was writing letters, and fettling the people's accompts all day. At noon, Jack returned, and brought only a groufe and a mur. Cloudy, fine weather, with gentle fr oil. Ther. 7'' 25° — i'" I fhipped oflFprovifions and other goods for Chaiks Harbour, wrote letters, and fettled the fervants' accounts. In the even- ing a man of Wrixon's arrived here from the head of Table Bay, and complaining of the tooth ache, 1 drew him a tooth. Ther. f 29°—!'' 36°— 8'> 33°. I employed myfelf as yeflerday. This morning a large flag was feen at the head of the harbour ; one of the people went after him, but could not get a fliot. Jack went to Earl Ifland and killed a brace of fprucc-game. Cloudy, mild weather. Ther. y^ 36° — i'' 40° — 8'' 34' I was 26s «777- Oaober. Monday 27, Wind N. nr. freJS. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. I was engaged as before. At eight this morning, the Otter returned from Paradife. At ten o'clock a fkifF went off for the ilage; Jack, and Wrixon's man went on board to be landed, and left on Huntingdon Idand until her return. At brcakfall this morning, I cut the forefinger of my left hand, juft below the firfl; joint, and divided the tendon, which I expe6l will never unite again. A net was put out for bay feals. Cloudy, mild weather, with a liLiie rain in the morning. Ther. yh 40°— i'' 40°-- 8"' 27". This morning I fmilhed all my writing bufincfs and fitted Tuefday 28. out the Charles Harbour crew. At noon, Daubeny, Kinloch, ^• Bruce, and thofe fervants who are not to remain here during the winter, failed for the flagc in the Stag, from this place, Daubeny had orders to proceed to Charles Harbour with a fealing crew and all the difcharged fervants ; and to endeavour to get the lat- ter a pafl'age home. Kinloch is to fail in the fliip, with the firft fair wind for Leghorn, and Bruce goes pafTenger with him. I then went round the trap and dcathfails, and found the yellow fox caught, whole leg Jack brought in on the fifteenth ult. frtjh. modtratt/ A foggy day. Ther. y^ 22° — 1'' 30° — 8'' 25°. After breakfafl, I went out in a fkiff and hauled the feal-net, t\\^n. landed and vifited the traps ; mofl of which had been rob- bed by jays. I fhot two and a groufc, and my greyhound kil- fcd a fquirrel. The boat-builder's crew was fitted out, and at eight this evening, they failed in the Beaver for Cartwright River. Itttle. Wednef. 29 5. W. N.frejh. N. E. little. S. E. little. A fl-iarp, clear day. Ther. f' 25 •1'' 30°- -8'' 27' At ten o'clock this morning I went out in a fkiff, and obferv^- xhurfday 30. ing that Jack had made a fignal for a boat, I took him in : lie Vol. II. Mm had ^•^*'- ''"''• \\ i I Hi ■> IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 1.1 I^IM 125 lu Itt |22 us m u lAO Iss |!^|U|j. ■ < 6" ► Hiotographic Sciences Corporation 23 WIST MAIN STRHT WEBSTER, N.Y. 14SS0 (716)872-4503 266 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. '7-7- Ociuuer. Wind E. Friday 31. AT, N. E. hard. /mart. November. Saiiirday 1. \N. hard, N W. moderatt. N. N. I. Sunday 2. N.W. moderatt. W. had fcen a brace of deer, but had killed only a brace of fpruce- game and a ptarmigan. We proceeded to one of the duck illands, and Ibund a trap which had been loft ; then rowed into Egg Harbour, and picked up the traps which Jack took with him on Monday : and on our return, brought away the three large traps which were on the fouth fhore. We met four of my late fervants, who had hired themfelves again, coming up in a IkifF; they brought a letter from Mr. Daubeny, dated ycflerday, informing me that he ftiould fail in the night ; and that the fliip then lay at fingle anchor, ready for fea. Cloudy weather, with (harp froft; in the morning, but milder afterwards, and it fnowed a little in the evening. Ther. 7'' 21° -12'' 28° — S"* 27= II .liv. iif . ,lL)f' iiUH i ^^'t^ '.si m '^,'^) :.i. I (hipped off fome provifions and craft for the fealers, on board the Otter. At noon, Wrixon, a planter who deals with Mr. Coghlan, came here, to give me fome inftrudions concerning the art of tailing traps, and he (hot an otter by the way. It fnowed all the forenoon, dull afterwards, with gentle froft. Ther. -f 33° —12'' 28° —8'' 27°. ' .' ,^- r-u :i s- In the courfe of this day, I finilhed (itting out the fealers. The two boys went round the harbour in a (kiflp, to pick up drift-wood. At noon Wrixon and I went round my traps and frelh tailed them. ):so7?.:»nj ; 'if .» r -u It fnowed hard with drift till noon, afterwardis it was clear, with ftiarp froft. Ther. S^ 21° — 12'' 16" — 8'' 16° f' At day-light I fent Mr. Collingham and a crew in the Otter, to land the fealers provi(ions and craft in Sutton Bay. At eight o'clock the Beaver returned with the builder and his crew. Cart- wright River being frozen up, they could not get into it; at five in the evening they failed for Paradife, to winter there. I had the THE FOURTH VOYAGE. the feal-net taken up, and fome ballafl put upon the wharf. Wrixon fet off homewards. A clear, fine, ttiarp day. Thcr. 8'' i6° — 12'' 25 — S^ 19°. 267 »777. November, S. S. £. I went round my traps and faw a few groufe, but no fign of Monday 3. fur. The ftore-houfe was frefli flowed. A good deal of fnow ^-/"J^- fell laft night. A dark day. Ther. S"" 24° — 2^ 29° — S^ 24°. I calked and payed a fkiff ; and mended and altered feveral Tuefday 4. traps to-day. s.tv./uue. Dull in the morning, fnowed at noon, and rained at night. Ther. S*" 29" — 2^ 37° — 8'' 40". After brcakfaft I went in a flviff with the women up the har- Wednef. 5. bour, and tailed five traps for otters in the manner which Wrixon taught me; and I obferved, that the rubbingplaces had been ^"''• much ufed lately. All the fnow is gone off the ground. /rrji. Morning dull, noon clear, rained in the evening, Ther. S^ ^0°— 1 2'' 43— 8'" 38°. fv. s. w, moderate. At eight o'clock the Otter returned from the fealing-poft, and Thurfday 6. proceeded immediately for Paradife to winter there; but the tide turning before fhe got through the narrows, fiie anchored above the iflands. I vifited my traps, and had a filver-fox and a large, lead-coloured falcon in them. Clear, mild weather. Ther. 8'' 31° — z"" 35" — 8''3i°. ■'*, I.'"' > i> ■ . '., t::.^\ l-r. ^C Friday 7. S. fr. iitlle. I altered and repaired fome more traps, and did fome other work about the houfe. The Otter failed in the night. Fog and filver thaw till noon ; it rained afterwards. Ther. •^A""* M m 2 1 vifited d«8 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. »777' I vifited my trap& and had a filver-fox. Jack went to his. November, and Ihot a groufc Satiinlay 8. S. W. kard. A liule fleet in the morning. Ther. 7'' 30"— ^lo** 33**-— S"* 27®. Sunday 9. HT. N. ff . Hard gales with fliarp froft all day. Ther. S*" 22" — 1 2** 27** — S'' 25°. Monday to. I Went round the ottertraps but had nothing ; then walked K. w. fTijh. upQn £arl Ifland, and tailed a large trap for a deer, A clear, frofty day. Ther. 7'' 21* — 10'' 25** — S*" 21*, Tuefday 1 1. This moHiing, mofl: of the ftill part of the harbour was frozen 5 f . liuit. over, but the greateft part of it was clear again by night. I jtnmg. went round my traps, killed a groufe on the hill and faw two others. - Dull, mild weather. Ther. %^ ^v> — 4*' 32** — S** 36". vvednef. ts. J^ck chopped out a large trap, which had been tailed in a 5. w, kari. wet place and was frozen in. I cut the feal-net off from the foot-rope (it not being fufficiently ftretched) and caught a gull w. hard, in the garden. Cloudy weather ; mild in the morning, but fliarp afterwards; clear at night. Ther. 8''33*' — 12'' 29"— 8'' 32°. Thurfday 13. I ftrctchcd the foot-rope of the feal-net, and brought it to s.jrtjk. again. I am afraid we fhall have another bad feahng feafon, uttu. becaufe the weather continues fo mild. Fog and rain in the morning, and fome fnow in the afternoon. Ther. 8»« 37«»— 12*' 33° — 9''30'». Jrtflt, Fr'-'sv 14. W.Jmrt. I went round my traps, and fhot three groufe. Clear weather. Ther. S"" 24« —1'' 26° —9'' 22" Took THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Took a walk with my gun round Signal Hill, and through the woods on the fouth fide of it to the harbour, and killed a groufe. Clear, (harp day. Then 8'' 2i" — io''r7'* — i** I9" — io'» 13°. 269 Nuvember. Saturday 15, Wind W. fnjh. After breakfaft, I went in the fkifF with the two lx>ys, to Hun- Sunday 16. tingdon liland. In Egg Harbour we faw fome geefe and a fox; I landed on the eaft fide of it, and fent the boat to wait for my return at the weft fide ; I walked from thence to the eailward,into the valley which runs down to the next cove, then turned up it to the uppermoft pond, and round to the boat. I faw fome old Hot of deer on the fnow ; alfo the tracks of fe veral rabbits, a few foxes, and fome fpruce-game. The boys killed three fpruce- game and a groufe. We made a fire in the woods and lay by it. A clear, fliarp day. Ther. 8'' 7° — i'' 19° — S'' 5°. At eight o'clock this morning we fet off homewards, and ar- rived at eleven. In the evening I put out the feal-net off Brocket Point, and was informed, that the beer froze in the kitchen yefterday. Clear, Iharp day. Ther. 8'' 6°— 1 2'' 1 1"— S"* 9*>. I burnt out the fkiff, as (he had much ice in her, and fre(h (lowed, and took an account of the medicines. Clear and fliarp weather. Ther. 8** 6° — i"* 1 1° — ^ j: Monday 17. fr'A- Tucfday t8, /mart, /"A moderate Going in the (kiff with the two boys round the«ottertraps, ^v^dnef. i(>. I brought all away but one. I landed upon Earl Ifland at the narrows, and walked upon the barrens there, but faw no frefli flot of deer. The ftill part of this harbour, Muddy Bay, Dykes River, and from thence to Longftretch ; as well as all along the fouth end of Earl Ifiand, are now fall with ice : and much loofc ice 27© THE FOURTH VOYAGE. < — '"^ — > ice is driving with the tide through the harbour. I killed two November, cidcr-ducks. Clear, fharp weather. Ther. S'' o° — i2''ii° — 8''ii°. Thurfdayao. This moming all thofc parts of the harbour, where the tide does not run flrong, were fall ; and the reft was covered with large fheets of thin ice : as alfo the Flatts, and Huntingdon Harbour ; but moft of it drove olF with the ebb. I vifited my traps, but faw no fign of fur in my walk. Jack carric d out three more traps to his walks ; he fhot a fpruce-game, faw the tracks of a brace of foxes, and obfcrved tiiat a martin had efca- ped from a trap. Wind cairn. S.W. moderate. ralm. Clear, fliarp weather. Ther. S"" 2° — 2^ 1 1" — 10'' 5°. Friday 2t, S. IV. Saturday 2i, s. s. w. little. calm. S. little. A.E./irJli. Sunday 23. I walked out to the feal-net, but found the ice not ftrong enough for me to attempt cutting it out. I then took a turn round Signal Hill, but faw nothing. A Iharp, cloudy day. Ther. S^ o"—!^ 1 1°— S** 21 °. Jack vifited his traps, and put out more. He fhot a fpruce- game and a horned owl, and faw the frefh Hot of deer near Salt Meadow ; fome had gone each way. I walked round Signal Hill and killed a groufe. A goofe appeared, notwithftanding the latenefs of the feafon. A Httle fmall fnow fell this afternoon, the weather was dull and mild, and a great deal of ice broke up and drove out of the harbour. -Ther. 8'' 32° — 10'' 33° — 8*^29". The two boys went to the deertrap on Earl Illand, and killed a brace of groufe. A great deal of ice drove into the harbour with the wind, and almoft choked it up. Mild, dull weather, with fmall fnow. Ther. 30° all day. I cut THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 271 We cut the fcal-netoutof the ice, and brouafht it home. Taking < Jack with mc round (ome of my traps, I tailed four others for Novani.cr. foxes, and two large ones for deer or bears. Laar Cove was ' ,^ ^""^ " lull of lolly, from the point of the entrance into this harbour ^'- ""x'' rau. to Black Hiad; the (buth lide of this tickle and the fouth fide ol the harbour are now quite firm. Cloudy, mild weather, with a little fnow. Ther. 8'' 300 — 2h 28" Sh 24°. Launching the IkifF to Flagflaff Point, I got her into the water, and went to the eall end of Earl Illand, where I faw a filver- fox, fbme groufe, and much trackings of foxes. 1 tailed two traps in a path there, then returned and hauled the boat up at the eaftcrn point of the tickle. I had an opportunity of fhoot- ini; at a goofe to-day, although it is very late in the year for tho'i; birds to be fecn. Jack killed a groufe. , Cloudy, mild weather. Ther. S** 16" — 8''P. M. 24°. A t ten this morning, taking the two boys with me in the Ikili, I fet out on a cruile. We went as far as the Hare Iflands, where, finding a jam of ice between them and the main land, I landed upon the latter, font the boat back to Punibly Point, and walked round the Ihore to that place. On my way I lliot a fprucc-game, and taik d a trap near Goofe Cove Brook for a rabl it, as I had no inducement to tail for any thing elfe. We hauled up the fkiff at Punibly Point, made a fire in the woods, and paficd the night by it. Weather as yellciday. Ther. 8'' 26" -S' P.M. 30^ Tiief 28". Early this morning I went in the fliiff to Earl Ifland. Send- ing her to the farthefl: brook, I landed in the firfl; cove on the fouth fide, and walked up the valley to the marfli ; then turned THE FOURTH VOYAGE. turned wcftward along the ifland, looked at the dcertrap, fet- tled it afrefh, and went to the top of the burnt hill over the north-weft point, where I fat watching for fome time. After which, merely by accident and contrary to my intention, I croflTcd upon the trap in my way back to the boat, and by this wandering, prevented the poor Indian boy (Jack) from loofing his leg, at Icafl:, nay perhaps I favcd his life; for, feeing me upon the hill, he intended to come to me, but in (Icpping over the trap, his foot Hipped, and ftaggering back, he was caught by one leg above the calf; confequently he mufl have remained a pri- Ibner there all night, as we ihould have had no conjefture of his accident, until it had been too late to look for him ; and by the morning, all below the jaws of the trap would have been frozen in fuch manner, that his leg mull have been amputated. Fortunately, the fprings of the trap being weak, the teeth did not enter ; nor was his leg worfe for the accident. When I came up to him, he fmiled in my face and humouroufly faid, " Here is a young fool of a deer caught at lad." We faw the flot of fome deer, and much trackings of foxes and rabbits. On our return to the boat, we made a fire and lay by it. Clear, fliarpifh weather. Thcr. S^ 16° — i'' i(y°— 8'' 23". 273 «777- November. mnd s. S.IV. tittle. calm- IS 111 At day-light I fent the boys to tail another large trap for deer, in a path under the large weflcrn hill, and on tfi.ir return, I took up the ottertrap and tailed it for a fox ; then v. .^nt to the eaflern point of the ifland, found one of the traps there robbed of its covering-cloth, Ihifted the other into a path and returned home. Dull, mild weather, with fmall, moid fnow. December. Monday i. N. liitlt. freji. After breakfafl I went in the fkiff with the boys to the traps on Diver Ifland. One of mine was llruck up, a fine lilver-fox was in another, and a good crofs-fox in a third. I faw another fox, and fhould have had cither a Ihot at, or courfed him if he Vol. II. N n had TucfJay «. S. little. 274 Wnlnrf. 3. A. 'I . J„Jh. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. ha d not accidentally changed his route. I tailed two more traps on Earl Uland, and baited them; asalfoIdidoneonDiverlfland. I oblcrved, that there were great numbers of foxes on boin. Very mild, foggy weather with a httle fmall fnow at times. Thcr. 8^- si'—i'- 31 °— 8'- 32°. Jack and I vifited our traps in the home walks ; no fign of furs about mine, but many foxes had been near his; they had been upon four traps which would not (Irike up, and Jack had tlic- leg of a lilvcr fox in another ; he brought four home out of ins cat-path. Clear, fliarp weather. Ther. 8'' 20° — 3'' 26" — S*" 20°. Tiiurfday 4. At fix this moming I fent the two boys to look at the trap on Pumbly Point, and to tail it and four others, which they took with them, in the woods, between that place and Laar Pond. S( vcral foxes had been upon that trap, but it was drifted over. 1 he y retunR-d at night with a fmall hawk. I went my fliort walk, but nothinj; had been in it. Cl( ar, iharp wcaiher all day, with fmall fnow at night. Thcr. ^ 22'—/ 25°— S'' 24'. variable. /rejh. Some holes in the (lorc-houfe were chinfed. I began a ^ , ^ groufe-nct. and worked upon it moll part of the day. formy. A clcar day, (harp froll and much drift. Ther. 8** i^° — 2h yO—Sh 2". Fritlay 5. Jmart. SaMirclay 6, W S. W. frtjk. Jack and I went round our home walks. A wolf had gone over one of my large traps, but had fet his foot on the jaw only ; he went over one of Jack's alfo, but it was too much loaded with drift: no fign of any thing elfe. Every place was frozen fall this morning, except in the llrength of the tide in the tickles. Ther. 8*^ 7" below o — -^ 2" below 0—9'' 2" below o. The THE FOURTH VOYAGE. The boys went to the top of Signal Hill, to fee in what (late the ice was; and they reported, that it was faft every where, except in Ibme (mall fpots in the tickles. They met with a brace of groufe, and killed one. The well being now frozen up, we began to ufc fnow-water for all purpofes. A clear day. Ther. S^ 7° below o.— i'' 2°— S"* 7*. Jack and I attempted to crofs the ice to Earl I find, but finding it weak, we turned back, and went round our home walks; no fign of furs in either. I brought one of my traps home, and killed a groufe. Small fnow all day, and it drifted at night. Ther. S** 12* — jh 12°— S*- i4». It blew a gale of wind, attended with drifting fnow all day. Ther. 8'' 16°— 2'' 14°— S^ 15°. This morning Jack and I crolTcd the ice to Earl Ifland above the tickle. I then fent him to vifit the deertraps, and that which was tailed for a fox; but he could not find the latter, and the former were quite drifted over. He cleared and fet- tled them afrclli, and faw the frefh Hot of fome deer, which had been feeding yellcrday about the ponds. On his return he obferved, that three deer were jull gone towards the fouth part of the ifland acrofs his track. I went to my traps at the eafl; end of the illand; the firll I could not find, but fliifted the other there, and baited them all with old Chcfliirc chcefe and honey. Juft as I had finiflied the lafl;, a crofs-fox came out of the woods to wind;\'ard, and turned downwards; as foon as he winded fome bits of the chcefe which I had thrown at a diilance, he flopped as if to confidcr whether he fliould venture to cat them or not, at lafl advancing with the greatell care, and trying the fnow with his feet as he went along, he crept up and took them ; growing more bold, he then trotted up and N n 2 fct 275 »777. Dcceniber* Sunday 7. Wind S. Jujk. Monday 8. £. littlt. N. N. E. frejh. Tuefday 9. Wciliief. 10. A'. W'.frejh. s;^ THE FOURTH VOYAGE. '777. December. IVfnd ft*t one fcM)t fjiiily within the trap, but not touching the bridge, he was not caught. At the fame time, either winding or feel- ing the trap, or perhaps winding my footllep on a rock clofe by, he gave a fudden fpring, and ran off at full fpeed. I lay all the time Hat upon the ice at the water's edge, and on ob- ibrving him go off I fired at him, but havmg only fmall Ihor, and being full (ixty yards off, he was not much the worfe inr it. lie croffcd the ice to Diver Ifland, and if my greyhound had not turned home this morning, on account of the Iharpnefs of the froft, he would had an excellent courfe. I reiunied home acrofs the lower part of the tickle, where 1 found the ice firm and good. A clear day, and very fharp in the wind. Thcr. S*" 2*— ah 7»— s*" 7' ThurWay n. a. ly. frtfii. iiitit. fr.Jk, Jack and I went round our traps at the call end of Earl Ifland, and alfo on Diver Ifland. One of his was gone, nor could vve find it; both of mine had tlie canvafs pulled off, and a lox had gone on one of them, but being too much loaded wiih drift it could not ftrike up. I do not approve of Wrixon's way of covering foxtraps with canvafs, for on Imelling it they pull it off; I will therefore praftife it no longer. There were but few foxes on Diver Illand, but a great run on the north fide of Earl Ifland. Clear, pleafaut weather. Ther. 8'' lo" — ^ 19° — 8'' 20°. FrMiy It. n.w. modttale. Jack went to the cat-traps, but they were fo covered with fnow, that they could not ftnke up; plenty of martens had been about them, and one trap being broken he brought it home. I went upon Earl Ifland to look for the deer, but faw no frefli fign of them; nor could I find the trap which I tailed for a fox on the firfl of this month. I fixed a ipring-fnare fur a fox, on the point under the call hill. CLar day. Ther. d^ lo'— a"* lo"— 8«» 6*. Jack THE fOURTH VOYAGE. Jack and I went our home walks; lie had a marten, but there wirir no fi'^ns of foxes. A cU ar, i.kaliint day. Thcr. 8'> i" below 0—2'' 14°— 9*" 24". Jack fhowed the other boy (Terence Bryan) the traps which arc upon the illands; as I intend taking the former with me to Suiton Bay to-morrow, if the weather prove line. Hazy day, fnowed at night. 1 her. 8'' 20° — 2'' 29'— g*" 34'*. 277 . — ^ . • 777- Dci c iiiticr. Sa'Mrdiy 1, W « 25° — z^ 20'' — 9'> 15°. moderaltt s. Jack vifited my traps on Diver Ifland, and his own in his Wcdm-r, 17, home walk; he killed a brace of groufe, but faw no iigns of foxes. I went round my home traps; a fox or two had been at fome of them, but they were all lb much drifted over, that not one would Ilrike up. rleafdiit day. Ther. 8'' .3"— 2'' i 3"— 9'' 7". This morning I intended to fct off for Sutton Bay, but find- Timrfday i8» ing my lled-dog lame, I defered my journey and went to "^'"* Piiicfigut Point and Alder Head. I took a trap from Signal llill and tailed it at the former place, where 1 faw plenty of trackings of both foxes and groufe. I fent Jack to look at the fi^. /,„;,. cat-traps, and from thence to the eallern end of Huntingdon Ifland, with leave to (lay a few days, if he thought proper. A bright, fine day. Thcr. B"^ 1" below o — 1 2'' 5° below o — I went: ajB THE FOURTH VOYAGE. >777- December. Friday 19, tVind variable: little. Saturday 30« ff . S. W. Sunday 21: Si little. IV.freJh. N. N. W. Monday 2^."* S. S. W. frejh. Tuefday 23. Wediicf. 24. W. /mart. I went round my home walk, but faw no fign of any thing; I dug for, and found a trap which was drifted over on Tuefday laft. Jack returned at dark and ])rought a marten. He faw fome Hot of deer not very old, a prodigious deal of fox track- ings, one fox, and feveral otfrs ; two of which he fliot, but got neither of them. Dull till noon, and fnowed afterwards, with mild weather. Ther. 8'' 10° — 2^ 19° — S'' 30°. I was netting all day, and finiflicd my groufe-net at night. Dull, mild weather with fnow. Thrr. B*" 20° — 2^ 1^" — S*" 10°. It is impoflible to have a good fealing feafon, with fuch mild weather. • 1.1 I fent the boys off for the fealing-pofl, with a letter to the head-man, and a fled to bring the traps home, and alfo fome carcaflTes for the dogs. After breakfafl I walked round part of the harbour. Hazy, fharp weather. Ther. 8'' 4"— 2"^ io°— 8'' S". I went round my home traps and fculcd them afrefh, but faw no fign of furs. " '' '•' '' Hazy, fharp weather. Ther. 8'' 2° below o — 2*^ g° — S^ 11". Moderate breezes and dull, mild weather till near noon ; flrono- gales and fharp weather, with fnow and drift afterwards. Th°er. S^ 31°— ii*" 19°— 8*^ 8°. f^'M /^ ''• ' •<.;(;■*. At fun-fet this evening the head-man, three of his crew, and one of the boys returned from Sutton Bay : they informed me, that they had not feen one feal all the ftafon; but that foxes, martens, white-bears, ducks and groufe had been in tolerable plenty about them. They brought the Ikins of five martens, and 279 >777' December. moderate. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. and three foxes; alfo fevcn groufe. At eight o'clock, Jack and the other fcaler arrived ; they parted from the reft by the way, and went to look at the beaver-houfe in Cartwright River, where they killed a Sfrou e and favv but little appearance of any thing, except thofe birds. A clear, fcvere day. Ther. 8'' 16° below o — 2^ 6° below o^ — S*" 12° below o. Jack looked at the trap on Pinchgut Point, and tailed one on Alder Hi id. Dull, llxarp weather all day. Ther. S** 4° below o — 1 1^ 8°— S^ 10°. It blew hard with drifting fnowall day, but moderated and cleared at night. Ther. S^ 13° — 2^ 13° — S*" 3° below o. I font all the ftalers home this morning, but the cooper being intoxicated, I did not tliii.!; it prudent that he Ihould accompany them. Jack went to Earl, and Diver Ifland, and brought all file tra[)S from the latter phice, as no foxes frequent thofe illands now. I went round my homj walk, in which I killed three ptarmijTans and a groule ; and faw the track of one fox, but he had not gone near any traps. I fet two fnarts for rabbits in my diathfall-path. Clear, iharp weather. Ther. S^ i° below o — i/ l\ M. 10" below o. The cooper went home this morning. In the afternoon, I Sunday 28. took a walk round Signal Hill. ^•"'• A clear, Iharp day. Ther. y^ 16" below o — 12^ 5° below o—- 8'' 16" below o. Jack tailed two traps, and laid fome poifon-balls upon Hun- Monday 29. tiii^doa Ifland ; he vifited his cat- traps likewifc, and returned '"''"' at Tuefday 25, calm. IV. little. N.tV. Friday 26, A'. E. N.IV. Saturday 27, W. N. Ii\ modtraU, 28o THE FOURTH VOYAGE. £. moderate. /mart. ■ hard. at night without any thing. He faw the tracks of fome foxes on the ifland, and of wolves which had crofTcd the ice towards Signal Hill. I carried out a trap, tailed it on the fouth fide of Earl Ifland and afterwards walked acrofs the barrens, but; faw nothing. Two of Wrixon's people came here this afternoon, with a letter from him. They informed me, that feals were very plentiful in Table Bay on Tuefday lad; that they faw many deer upon Ledge Ifland on the fame day; that foxes were very fcarce with them, and alfo about Sandhill Cove : for which reafon, Wrixon's furrier was come away from thence. Clear till one this afternoon, but it fnowed hard the remain- der of the day ; very fharp in the uioiiiiiig, but mild in the evening. Ther. S*" 21° below o — 2'' 5° — S** 14° ., Tuefday 30. W. Wednef. 31. W. Jlrovg. mcderate. 1778. January. Thurfday 1. W.frejh. ft:;: It blew hard with drift and fharp froR all day. Terence Bryan's face was burnt with the frofl. Ther. 8'' 14" — 2'' P. M. i« below o.,,. _, ^^. . ..t- _,.,, J,. , . ..J. .. ,. I went Vj the flore-houfe this afternoon, and fourul the roof at the eafl end of it, ripped off by the wind ; and a good deal of fnow drifted in ; returning home, my nofe was burnt with the frofl, as was alfo the face of one of VV" rixon's men who went with me ; but the immediate application of fnow prevented any bad effedls. I began another groufe-net. The wind ^vas fo fharp, both yefterday and to-day, that it was fcarce pofiible to face it. — ,, :---■ ?^'^f I 4f-?N-,r:tmm« '?■*;:-::• r..:^^. A clear day. Ther. S*' 14" below o — i'' 10" below o — 8^12", below o. • V , V After breakfafl, Wrixon's people went ofFhomeward. I went round my home walk and fettled my traps afrefh, but faw no figns of any furs. At three o'clock this afternoon, the boat- builder. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. builder, and three other men came here from Paradife, and brought a letter from Mr. CoUingham, with a couple of rabbits and three brace of groufe ; he informed me, that both the wooders and coopers were going on very well with their winter work, but that he had no profpeftof killing many furs ; having as yet caught only three martens. Thcfc people left home yefterday morning, and laft night they lay in the woods, abreaft of Duck Ifland. Clear, fcvcrc weather. Ther. 8'' 14° below o — 2'' 12° below o — 8'' 14" below o. I went to the florc-houfe and fervcd out fome things to the people, and on my return, my nofe was burnt again. Clear, fevcrc weather. Ther. 8'' 18° below o — 2'' 9" below o — 8'' 14° below o. At eleven o'clock this morning I fcnt the bay-men off home- ward. Jack went round Iiis home walk, in which he faw a filver-fox and the frelh tracks of fevcral others ; all his traps were robbed, but none would flrike up, being greatly loaded with drift : he took up two, and carried them to the narrows. I vifited my two traps on Signal Hill, and the one at the eafl point of Earl Ifland, which I brought home. No figns of any furs, except that of one wolf, which had gone up the tickle into the harbour, fome days ago. I killed a ptarmigan. Some fmall fnow in the morning and evening, the refl: of the day was clear, and the weather milder than ufual. Ther. S^ 4° below o — 12'' 2° — 9'' 4°. Little wind, with fnow in the morning, but hard gales, with fnow and drift during the reft of the day ; mild weather. Ther. 8h 9" 8^" P. M. 13". Vol. II. Oo This 281 1778. January. Friday 2. S. S. fV. frtjh. Saturday 3. 5. S. W. little. Sunday 4. E. N. £. N. I 282 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. I77«. January. Muiiday 5. ll'trtd A'. /mart. uedtrate. This morning, two thirds of my houfe was fo entirely drifted over, as to appear like a hill; and nobody would fuppofe it to be any other, were it not for the top of tlie chimney. At eleven o'clock, two of ihc fealers arrived with a letter from the head- man, informing nic, that on the day which they kft this place, they got no farther than a few miles beyond Sandy Point ; and that the next day, Jofeph i'oole going on about two miles ahead of the red, fell through the ice and was drowned. Patrick Woods, one of thofe who came to-day, broke in alio ; but being near the fhore and within his depth, fortunately got out again, and by immediately drying himfelt before a good fire which they made in the woods, took no harm. The cooper joined them foon after, and they got fafe home. Thefe people left Sutton Bay yellerday, and picked up a gun and forae other things, which Jofeph Poole had laid down upon the ice juft be- fore he broke through. The weather foon after coming on very bad, they were forced to take (belter in Cartwnght River, where they lay by a fire until this morning : they brought fcven groufe. Some drift all day with fharp weather. Ther. 8'' 4° — i'' 3"^. Tuefday 6. fV. S. IV. .fr(/h. Jack went to his cat-path, and examined the poifon-balls ; he found a marten and took up all the traps ; two of which, and one that he carried out, he tailed for foxes : one parcel of the balls were gone, but he could not find the fox. I went my home walk, in which fome foxes had been lail night and robbed feven of the traps, for they were all drifted up. I removed one. At day-light, I fent off one of the fealers and T. Bryan to Sutton Bay with a letter, ordering all t!ie crew away. Clear, fevere weather. Ther. 8^ 16" below o o — a** 14° below o. 3'' 7" below Jack THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Jack vifited mofl, of the traps in his home walk, and found them robbed by foxes. I went up the north fide of the harbour to Middle Brook, but could not find the trap which I tailed on the 2gth ultimo, the mark being blown down, and I faw the frefli track of one fox, which had come over from the fouth fide. I then crofTed the harbour below the iflands, looked for Jack's traps by the narrows, but could not find either of them, and tailed one which I carried out, abreaft of the lower end of the fmall ifland, where there were frefh trackings of fome foxes. Clear, fevere weather. Ther. S*" 10° below o— i'' 30 — ii*' 22" below o. 283 1778. January. W'cdnef. 7, IV. liltle. Jack went to the two traps at the north end of Huntingdon Thurfday 8. Ifland, where he faw plenty of fox-trackings, and, upon the ''' ^-Ay*- ice, he obfcrved the flot of a brace of old ftags, which had been hard run by a couple of wolves. He followed them for about two miles, when he croffcd the frefli flot of a hind, which he purfued to the top of a fmall hill on Huntingdon Ifland, from whence he faw her upon tlie ice at a great diftance off, going towards Hare lilands. The evening then coming on, he re- turned. I went round my home walk, and had a very good crofs-fox in Great Marfli ; where I faw the tracks of fome others, and Ihot a brace of ptarmigans. Clear all day, but dull, with fmall fnow at night. Ther. 8'' 14" below o — 2^ 8° — 8'' 14°. Some fnow was thro^vn out of the ftore-houfe. Dull, mild weather, with a little [now at times until the even- ing, when it grew clear, and froze fliai ply. Although fudden, and great changes of the weather mofl; commonly caufe fick- nefs in England, yet I never found they liad the fame tiYctl in this country, notwithflanding thole which we experience here, O o 2 are Friday 9. N. W. little. S. IV. 284 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. January. SatiiHav 10. IVmd N. moderate. A. IV. calm. jire fomuch greater; as may be obferved in many parts of this work. Ther. S'' 16° — 2*" 23° — S*" 4°. Jack brought home the trap which was on the north fide of Earl Ifland, and tailed it among mine on the back-fhore. A filver-fox had been eaten out of it. I went to my trap near the narrows and looked for Jack's, but could not find them. I faw the tracks of a fox, and a marten only. The fnow being very light, made it cxccflively bad to walk on. A cloudy morning, clear day, and foggy evening; the wea- ther, mild and plcalant. Ther. S** 10° — 2'' 4° below o — S'' 9'* below o. Snii(?av 1 1 ■ A'. E. Utile. S E.frejh. Monday 12. W. A' IV. fre/h. N.PV. frejh. It fnowed in the morning, drifted in the middle of the day, and was clear at night. 1 her. S** 3° — 2'' 12° — 8'' 2° below o. Jack vifited his traps below Black Head, and tailed, on Fill- belly and Berry Ifland, thofe which he left at his cat-path end. He had orders to go towards Great Ifland in quell of deer, taking three days proviiions with him. I went round my home walk, and frelh tailed all my traps, one of which was flruck up. It was very indifferent walking, but the fnow is in excellent order for traps. No figns of fur. Clear, feve re weather. Ther. S*" 20° below o — la"" i° below o — S*' II" below o. Tuerday 13. .S. W. freJh. I went round my home walk, and faw the tracks of a brace of foxes, but found the walking exceflively bad. At feven «his evening all the fealers came here, and brought with them fe\ - teen white game (groufe and ptarmigans) but the cooper hav ; lately fcalded his leg, was not able to come along w.th thcni A clear day, fliarp in the morning, and mild after, 1 her. 8"* 1 7° below 0—2'' 3° — S*" 8° below o. One THE FOURTH VOYAGE. One of the fealers and the boys cut firewood (having now added Patrick Woods to my family / and the other fealer mended fhoes. I went to Pinchgut Point, from thence to Wreck Ifland, and then home by Black Head -, I faw the tracks of foxes at the two lafl places, and alfo on the back-fhore; and had a cruf'.-fox on Signal Hill. Cloudy, mild weather, too hot for walking, and it fnowed 285 at niijht. Then 8'' 3" below o — 2^ 14° — ^^ 20°. IV V IV. moderate. N IV. Jlrong, At day-light I fent the two fealers off for Paradife, to join Thurfday 15. the crew ot wooders there. I went round my home walk and faw the track of only one fox, but he had not gone near a trap. At noon it began to blow and drift fo hard, that I found Ibme difficulty in getting home again. I Ihot a brace of groufe. Jack returned in the afternoon without any thing. He lay m Goofe Cove on Monday night; in Eagle Cove on Tuelday night; and at the flage lart night; from whence he came early this morning. On Venilon Head, he faw much flot of deer, and the tracks of both wolves and f<)xcs. When he got near to the ftage, three wohes came from thence upon the ice, and feemed difpofed to attack him. As I never knew the boy given to lying, I cannot doubt his (lory; which, lor its curiofity, I will r-lite. The three wolves feparated and furrouiided.him; the two fmalleft clapped down 0:1 their bellies, and the largell, , which he faid was a very flout old dog, then ran full cry at him. He all this time endeavoured to imitate the appearance and motion of a deer as well as he could, by holding his gun behind his back, with the rauz/le over his head lor a horn, and lloopiniT and walking with his hitchet for a fore-leg. This fcheme would have fucceeded, had not the old wolf, befort- he got near enough, took tiie wind of him; when, finding his lyiftukc, he ran oiF and howled in a different tone of voice, which ; 286 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. January. Wind which the others perfcdly underftood ; for they jumped up, wheeled round and joined him, and then all went off to;Tether. One of them has, perhaps, been in one of Wrixon's traps lately; for it was lame, and Jack faw blood in the fhoremen's houfe, where they had taken up their quarters for fome time; and they had fed upon the bhibber which had been left in the cafks. He tailed one trap on this fide of his cat-paih, one on Fillbelly, and one on Berry Ifland; three groufe were all he killed lince he went out, and thofe he eat. Cloudy till noon, and drifted hard afterwards. Ther. 8'' 5" —2'' 19" — S'' 2° below o. Friday i6. Having netted all day, I finiflied my work at niglit. ^fTfjk. ' Clear, fharp weather, with fome drift at times. Ther. 8*' g" below o — 2^ 7" below o — S*" 10° below o. Saturday 17. One of the wooders having a great toe frozen to-day, I caufed him to keep his foot in cold water until it was perfedly thawed; which was effected in eight hours. The frofl; was thru fo ef- feftually taken out, that I am not in the leafl apprchcnfiye ol'- any bad confequence; but had his toe been thawed by a warm application, it would have mortified as far as the frofl had pe- netrated: I have feen many inflances of the effefts of both methods, but never knew them to vary from what I have here related. Some drift, with fevere, burning weather. Ther. 8'' 25" be- low o — 2^ 15" below o — 10^ 20 below o. Sunday i8. K E. moderalt, hard. We had a moderate breeze, with dull, ffiarp weather, and a little fmall fnow at intervals, during this day ; but it blew a hard gale of wind, with mucli drift all night. Ther. 8'' 16° be- low o — 2^ 5° below o — %^ 3". The «778. January. Monday 19. mid N.E.h.t'd. N. ». modtratt. TuefJay "o, /♦'. mode rat f.' N.frtjhi W, mederate. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 287 The dining-rcK3m windows were completely drifted up th's inorning, but I had the (now dug away. It drifted hard till noon, and was dull afterwards, with fharp weather. Ther. 81' o°~ih i°— S*' 8° below o. I fcnt Jack round the wefl walk ; one of the traps was fo much drdtcd over, that he could not find it. I walked the tail round, in which a fox had robbed the firll trap on the hill, and two in the mar 111. ( Icar \vcaLher with extreme fevere frod. We could not keep our eye-lalhes from freezing together, without frequently rub- bing thtni. Th«-r. 8'' .''-3° below o — i** 15° below o — g*" 23* below o. At fix this evening, the cooper arrived from Sutton Bay ; his we^'nef. 21. k\4 being now well : he left that place at eleven this morning. ^- A'/«- Clear all day, fharp in the morning and mild afterwards. ' '*'' Ther. S^ 22° below 0—2'' 16" — 8'' 15°. Jack vifited his traps on Huntingdon Ifland, and under Black' '^^'"^'^^y "• Head ; they were all robbed, and foxes had been upon four, s./mam but none would flrike up, being hard drifted over. I went round my eaRern walk, but no fur had been there fince Tuef- day. 1 fent the cooper off this morning for Paradife, to join the refl; of the coopers there. Dull, and mild all day, a little fnow at night. Ther. 8'' 15* 2*^21° S'' 20°. <• I went upon Signal Hill, looked at the two traps there, and ^'"^^y ^3- fat wa ching for fome time, but faw nothing. The liore-houfe ^^/"""''• was cleared of the fnow which had drifted into it. ^• Dull, thawing weather, with fome fnow. Ther. 8'' 330 — 5. «-. I went I 1 1 288 THE FOURIII VOYAGE. .77B. January. SalurHav 24. IVind S'. If. /mart. }V. moderate. W. N. »'. Sunday 25> N. Monday 26. N.E. modtratc. JS'. hard. Tuefday 27. A", hard. W. S. fV. Jrong. I went round my caflern walk, and fVcIh tailed all my traps; a fox had robbed one of them lad night : I killed a groufe. Clear, with (bmc dnit in ihc morning, and ha/y afterwards ; fharp weather, 'i'her. 8'' ii" below o — 2'' 2" — 8'' ,1". It blew very hard, attended with fnow and drift all day, with mildilh weather. Tlier. 8'' 9"— i'' 12" — H'' 9", At eleven o'clock this morning, taking Jack and Terence Bryan with me, I fet out on a party of pleafure. Our provifions and other necelTaries were drawn on a frnall fled by the two boys, and a bloodhound dog. At fun-fet we got to a valley of tall fir- wood, on the eafl fide of the north-caft point of Hunting- don Ifland, where we made a good fire and lay by it. On our way, I killed a groufe with my rifle and law another; but no fign of any thing elfe. A fweU tumbled in from the fea, which caufed the ice by the Ihore, to heave. The day was dull and fliaip, and at dark, it began to blow, fnow, and drift exceedingly hard, which continued all night. Ther. 8'- 5° below 0—2'^ 8°— 8^- 16". Not being able to flir out all this day, by reafon of the bad weather ftill continuing, we made a back tilt of boughs, which we finiflied by noon, and then felt ourlclves very comfortable; but the wind foon after fliifting into the front of it, and at the fame time freezing very hard, we could not keep ourfehes warm at the leafl dillance from the fcorching heat of the fire. Ther. 8'' 2° below' c — 2'' 6" below o — 8^ 1 2° below o. Wcdncf. 28. At eight o'clock, I lent Jack to tail a trap at the north-eaR: s. fv./mart. point, and then to go over to Bald Ifland. At the fame time, taking Terry with me, I wrent to Groufe Ifland, where we met with feme groufe, and the boy went after them, but they were fo • 778. January, littte. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 289 fo wild, he could not get a fliot. We faw fome old flot of deer, and the tracks of a white-bear and cub, Ibme wolves, foxes, hares, and groufe. Jack faw nothing but the Hot of one deer, and tiic tracks of a few wolves, foxes, and groufe. Ilaz)', Iharp weather all day, a little fnow foon after dark, and the \\[\ of the night was clear, and pretty mild. Ther. bi' 7" btlow 0—2'' i2°— 8'' 1.^". This morning, finding the fccond loe of each of my feet galled Tliur% 29. \\ith Lhc Uringsofmy rackets and very fore, I fent the boys 5. ;f. to try the high liills at the eafl endof tliis illand, whilfl I fet off li))- home, where I arrived at one o'clock, very lame. A clear mild day, almofl like fumnier. Ther. 8^ 10° — !'■ 19°— 8'' 7°. At fun-fet this evening the boys returned, having had no fuc- F"''"/ 3o« cefs yeRerday, nor feen any lign of deer. In their way home, jnan'. they had a yellow-fox in the trap on Alder Head. Drifted till noon, and was Qiarp all day. Ther. S*" 7° below o — 1 '•30 below o — S'' 5°. moderatt. modtratt. Jack vilited his traps in the Harbour, but got nothing. I went round my eallern walk and had a lilver-fox. Clear, till one o'clock, drifted afterwards, with Iharp weather. Ihcr. 8'' 8° below 0—1'^ 8°— 8'^ 3° below o. On examination I found, that the fox which I brought home yefterday, is the fame which Jack had a leg of on the third of December lafl;. Dull, Iharp weather till one o'clock, it fnowed afterwards. Ther. 8'' 18° below 0—2*' s^—S^ 15°. Saturday 31 JV. IV. February. Sunday 1; N. N. W. little. W.frtjh. S. £. hard. Vol. II. Pp Hard 290 ^-^ I--8. !■< In i.iry . MtmHiiy I. Wind S If. hard. TucfJjy 3. W, moitrott. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Hard ^aks with much drift, and frequent (howers of fnow, alllall night and this day. Ther. S^ ii*. — !•» .0°. — «'' 4°. Jack went to his callcrn walk ; he faw all his traps there, ex- cept thofc on I'lllbclly and Berry liland; they were all out of order, and mod of them had been robbed by tbxes. I vifitcd my eaflern walk, and fettled my traps afrclh, but faw no figns of fur. A clear day, but it fnowcd at night. Ther. y^ 3° below Wednef. 4. The wooders brought in a rabbit, which they caught in a trap in their path. There is now much more fnow on the ground N. IV. /mart, than I ever faw in any preceding winter, and lefs water open in the tickl s, at both ends of this harbour, than there was in either of the two lall. All kinds of furs are not only very fcarce, but the frequent falls of fnow, and almofl continual drifting weather makes it very difficult to catch them, even when they do come to the traps ; becaufe it is fcarcely poffible to keep them in proper order : befides, the fprings of moll of them aie much too weak ; for they either will not ftrike up at all. or do it fo flowly, that the animal has time to fpring off and efcape. Clear, fharp weather. 1 her. -j^ 5° below o — i'' 5° below o — H, g^ 15° below o. s. w. Jujh. Thi.rfday 6. At feveu this morning, Tweegock fell in labour, and at eight I delivered her of a daughter; of whom, fhe declared James Gready , one of my bratsmafter's, to be the father. Jack vifited his eallern traps, all of which he faw, except the one upon Alder Head; many had been robbed by foxes, and that on Berry Illand by a brace of wolves. He alfo went u^^ on North Ha'-e Ifldiid, wheie he faw the tracks of fome foxes and hares, but no figns THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 291 figns of deer. I went icHind my w(^ ft walk ; one trap had been < — -^^ — robbed by a woh'^ring. February. Clear, fevcrc weatti/ r, Tlicr. j^ 21° below o — 3'" 4" below o— g*" 23" below o. I took a walk round Sign;tl Hill, where I killed a groufc, and faw the tracks of another which had flown towards the eaftcnd of Earl Uland; I followed it, and faw the tracks in two different places, but it was gone. The woodcrs caught another rabbit, it weighed when whole, three pounds five ounces; but when fkinned and paunched, only two pounds. Dull, with a litile fnow till one o'clock, clear afterwards, with fome drift. Ther. 7'' 17° below o. — 1'' 6° — S** 7° below o. I went round my weflern walk and fliiftcd all my traps; two of which I carried to the ead point of the narrows. The race of Muddy Bay is open, and there is water alfo on both fides of the two iflands below the narrows, with a narrow bridge of ice at each end of them, and a few fmall holes between the fouth-wefl end of the largcft, and the narrows; all the rell of the harbour is firm as the land. Friday 6. S. »'. UtKf. N. W. frtjh. A'. Saturday 7. S.W./rtJh. N.E. Clear, (liarp weather with low drift, jh 30 — gh 1 o below o. Ther. 7'' icf below o — The wooders had one rabbit this morning, and another in Sunday 8. the evenmg. „„^,,;„. Cloudy weather. Ther. 7'' 3" below o — la"* 19° — 8'' 3° be- N.N.t;. low o. The wooders brought in another rabbit this morning, and I Monday 9. fent one of them to viiit Jack's eallern traps; fome foxes had n^-s.pr. been about them laft night. I went round my eaft walk; a ^f«/?. P p 2 brace 2.92 1778. February. tl'ind /V. E. calm. N. Itltle. THE FOUR7II VOYAGE. brace of loxcs had iK'cn in it lull nij^ht, oiie of which trod cxiuSly on a traj), hut it wouhl not (hike up. Some gioufe had been upon SisTnal Hill, but were gone again. Clear, pleaCant veathcr. Ther. 7'' 15" below o — i'' 14° — y'' 50 below o. Tiiefday lO, 5. /r. frcj],. AVcdnpf, 1 1 . Tliiirfdny t ^. A'. L mcdtTdte, I vifitcd mv well; ^valk, but faw no fign of any thing. Clear, pleafant weather. Ther. 7'' 8" below o — 2'' 18" — 9'' 14". At nine this morning, taking Patrick Woods and Terence Bryan with me, I let out on another cruife, having our pro- vilions and baggage drawn upon a fled, by the two boys and the bloodhound dog. I took the greyhound alfo. We lookc d at Jack's tnaps by the way, and in the evening got to the houfc in Eagle Cove, where we lay. We Ihould have had a more comfortable night in the woods; as this houfe is no more than the Ikeleton of one; for there arc neiihcr fides nor roof to it, but only a few fluds, the rafters, and a very lew rinds oxer one end. A clear, tnild day. Ther, 7" .9°- -8'- P. M. I r° Early this morning we -eft Eagle Cove, and at noon got to Great liland, where wc found all the houfcs quite hill of fnow; but by night the boys had cleared out the fmall one, and made a fire in it. In the mean lime, I took a walk about the illand, ■where I faw the old Hot of a few deer, and many tracks of wolves, foxes, and hares. On going into my dwelling-houle, (which was began upon at the latter part of lall fummer, and yet is not a third part finiflied) I found it inhabited by a llout hare, which bolted out, and ran over to Slink Point with the greyhound after her; but the fnow bcmg light, and her feet better 293 I'lIE FOURTH VOYAGE. better ada;)htl for running on it than his, the longer he ran, i ^ — the lariher lie was behind. On our way here I tailed a trap iii.ru.ry. for a lo.\, uiiJrr Ikrry Mill on Venil'on Head. "'"i A dull day, and it (howed all night, with mild weather. Thcr. f 1 1 "■ -12'' 12" — 8'' 7" below o. Having a blifler under the ball o( each great too, occafioned F'uiay '3: by the IrKtion ol' tny rackets, I took but a Ihort walk upon the ^■■/"y*- illand this evening, and killed a brace ol ptarmigans, which were ail I faw. It fnowed this morning, but foon after turned to rain, which continued all day. Tiier. f ^6" — 1'' 42° — S^ 4H'>. We bro!ve open the flore-iioufe, and cleared it of fnow un- s.unnW m. til we could get at the provilions. I took a walk to the north- s. E./rrji. call end of the illand, and there law a lilver-fox ; I alfo met vviih a brace of hares, one of which I killed, and in the evening faw a wolf near tiie Rage. Mild, moid weadier. Ther. 7'' 11"— i'- 37°—;:'' 45°- Terence went to Venifon Head, and brought the trap, but s,,,,^^^ ,.^ met with nothing. Soon ailer his return, I obferved two iv. moderate . wolves coming upon his track, but getting fight of me as I was endeavouring to creep behind a rock which he liad palfed, they turned to one fide, crolfed Slink Toint, and made over for the Cape land. Patrick went to the outer illands, wheie he fhot at a hare, but milfed it. A clear, mild day. Ther. 7'- ^-j^"— 8'' P. M. ;jG'\ MiMiilay 1 6, Patrick went towards Cape North, and returned in the evening, having feen only a filver-fox, the tracks of leveral wolves and foxes; and alio of two men; Avho I fuppofe, mult have been a couple of VVrixon's peojilc; as they live not more than. 294 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. February. lV:nd Jnjh. Tucfday 17. N. heavy gales. Wednef. i8. N. IV. moderate. Thurfilay 19. A^. UhU. N. E. E. than five or fix miles from hence. I intended going over to the Cape land alfo, but oblerving bad weather coming on, I took a turn round the illand ; and was near breaking my neck by a fall over a drift-bank, about nine feet high, occafioned, by the duUncfs of the weather, which prevented me from feeing it. , Dull till two o'clock, hiow and drift afterwards. 4i°__8h p. M. 20°. Thei Exceflive hard gales, with ib mucli fnow and drift, that we could not llir out ; and it was with the utmoll difficulty, that the boys could Hand at the wood-pile lor a few minutes only at a time, to cut firewood. The houfe being full of holes all round, fo much wind and drift came in, tliat we were almoll perilhed with cold, and conflantly covered with fnow; althougli we fat as dofe to the fire as poffible. At night, the boys and dog lay before the fire, and I, in a deer-fkin bag, in a cabbin at the other end, and never did I fuffer fo much, from cold. Ther. 71^ 9°— 12'' 19°— 8"^ 12°. The boys were all the morning clcariig the fiiow out of the houfe ; after which, I font them to tail a couple of traps on Slink Point, where they met with fome groule and killed fix brace. They faw a wolf upon Klhmus Bay and Hipped the greyhound at him ; but having more than half a mile law, the dog could not come up with him. I faw a crofs-fox go from Venifbn Head, over Slink Point, for the Cape land. Clear, froity weather. Ther. 7'' 10° — S'' P. M. 4'' below o. Early this morning we all went over to the Cape land. I fent Terry towards the Cape, and took Patrick with me, to the top of Mount Martin ; there we met with a yellow-fox, which the dog killed after a very fine courfe. We afterwads faw a filvcr-fox, and Terry another. I obfervcd, that foxes mull be very 295 IVind S.E. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. very numerous here-abouts, as their trackings were plentiful ; but I could fee the flot of deer only at one place, and that was very old, nor were there many of them: yet this peninfula muft be a good place for them in general at all times of the year ; as it is, exa6lly that fort of ground which they like. Clear, pleafant weather; warm in the fun but froze fharp out of it. Ther. j^ 10° — i*" 1" below o — S*" 15" below o. Strong f:;ales with fnow, drift, and fevere froft, which caufed Friday 20. us to fuIFor exceedingly, during thefe twenty-four hours. ' ' Tlicr. y^ 12° below o — 8'' P.M. 14" below o. I had the flore-houfe made up again, and our houfe. covered Saturday n. well with fnow. Terry flruck up the traps, met with fome f^^rt. groufc and killed a brace. It drifted in the fore part of this day, but cleared after. Ther. j^ 7" below o — 8 P. M. 8° below o. moderate. Sunday 22, A'. IV. littlu At nine this morning we let out for home ; I v/ulkcd on be- fore, but when I got to the well end of North Hare Ifland, finding mylclf very lame, 1 waited lor the lied and rode upon it from tlience to Black Head, from v/hence I walked the re- mainder of die way, and arrived at half after four in the after- noon. 1 found Mr, CoUingham here, who came from Paradife ycllerday. He brought one nmn (Thomas Tem[)lcton) with him, who had burnt both his great toes by the way, and thawed them by the fire; by which, part of each are mortilied, and he has loll the end of one, as high up as the top of the nail. Clear, pleafant weather with fmart froll, Ther. 7'' 20" below o — jh 4" below o — 8'' 6°. Strong gales, with fnow and drift until one this afternoon; Monday 23, the wind then abated, and it rained for the remainder of the day. Th&i.f 15"— i''35°. E. -3' 3^"- A tox 2^6 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. Fcbruaty. Tiiefday 24, JVi„dS. E. S. S. E. ncderatt. Wediicf. 25. A'. W.f,tjli. K. Thurfday 26. A', moderait. £. E. moderate. A fox crofTcd tlie harbour; I laid tlic dog on liini, but Ik: had too mucli hiw. It raiucd in the morning, and fno\\cd at night, Thcr. 7'' 3:;" 3''i5°~«'\ir. ^ . " On my giving Twccgock a ruiall ilap for fome flutiifli and dirty tricks, llie fnatchcd up a penknife, which cliai;(\d to lio on a tabic near her, and would certainly have llabLcd herfeli' to the heart, il' the point of i! had rot been Roppcd by a rib: I immediately took it from licr, when Ihe took her tnvii kniic out of her pocket and made a iecond attempt with that, but without elfeft likewife. She made t:vo fmall punchu'es under her left breafi, but of no conrcquenrc. I tr.en took good care to pacify her clfeelually, before I let her go out of my light. Dull, mild \veather. 'J'her. 7'' 32" — i'' 36" — 9^' 26\ At nine this morning Mr. CoUingham fet off for Paradifc, and I fent Woods with him, as Templeton was not wcW enough to walk out of doors. Jack vilited all his traps except the two farthelt, and found every one robbed by foxes; t'.cre had been a great run lad nip,ht. lie faw the Hot of ii:i old flag, which had come out of Sandwich Bay and gone upon Hunt- ingdon Illand a few days ago, and killed iix ptarmigans. I went round my eafl walk, aiid found the two traps on the hill had been robbed lafl night; and likewife the five in Great Marfli, a few nights a"0. The two in the fmall marfh were fo much covered with fnow, that I could not find them, and all the rell were frozen itito the ice, from the water which the late thaws had made. 1 faw the track of a cat by the Laar, and fliifted the farUicil trap to that place. It was very indifferent walking to-day, owing to a thin (hell upon the fnow, which frequently broke under me. Cloudy weather. Tlier. 7'' 8'^-— 2'' 150—8'' 11°. I went J778. February. Friday 27. ii'irtd s. rr. Ill' .-'rate and liitle by luras> THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 297 I went round my weflern walk, frelh tailed the traps, fliot a ptarmigan, and faw the frefti track of one marten. Patrick Woods returned this afternoon, from the brook near Duck Ifland; where Mr. CoUingham and he lay lafl; night. I execu- ted a frefli will to-day, and had it witnefled by Patrick Woods, Thomas Templeton, and Terence Bryan; the two latter, not being able to write, made their marks. It was extremely bad walking every vvhere; the fhell on the furfaceof tlie fnow con- tinu:illy breaking, by having either deep, foft fnow, or water under it. Mild weather; dull in the morning, fnowed in the middle of the day, and rained at night. Ther. 7'' 21° — 12'' 37" — 8'' 394°. I went round my eaftern walk; a fox had robbed the three- trap hill in Great Marlli, and trod on them all ; but none would flrike up. Tolerable walking on the ice, and not bad in the woods. Cloudy day, fnowed at night. Ther. 7'' 7° — 12'' 14° — g^ g°. I began to give the fcrvants three meals a day. A very bright, pleafant day. Saturday 28. tK N. W. fnjk. E. N. March. Sunday 1. calm. W. liitle. N. E. Monday 2. A' N. E. moderate. Terry vifited Jack's traps, and fredi tailed mod of them. I went my weflern walk, and found the fccond trap by the brook, in the fouth-cafl: corner of Salt Meadow, carried away by a wolf. I followed him through the woods towards Muddy Bay for about a mile and a half, when bad weather coming on, and obferving that I had no chance of overtaking him, as the fno^v was very hard and fo deep as to cover all the young wood, and a. e. hard. leave nothing to entangle the trap to (lop him, I turned home, and had great difficulty to find my way; for it then blew, fnowed, and drifted fo hard, that I could not fee five yards before me. Vol.. II. Qq Dull 298 IHE FOURTH VOYAGE. '778. March. ThurfJ.iy 3. H'ind S. W. W'cdiicf 4. 5. W. liitle. Dull till three o'clock; fnow and drift afterwards. 2° below o — 4'' 26" — g^ 5° below o. . ' i Ther. ■1 \- Strong gales, with drift all day. Ther. j^ 20° — 1 1'' 3 1 ' — S'' N. N. E. H . J.nurt. I font Jack and Terry after the wolf, but they returned at niglit after having been to Dykes River; the late ftiow and drift having totally obliterated all marks of him. I vifited my eailcrn walk: a fox had been on the trap by the Laar, but it would aot ilrike up. A clear morning, but it foon grew dull, and continued fo till three o'clock, whc n it came on to fnow in large tlakes. Iher. ^h go — 12^16" — 9'M4°. , .. A deal of fnow having drifted into the ftore-houfe on Tuef- day laft and lodged behind the door, it was with great diffi- cuity that I could force my way into it; and at the back of the houfe the fnow is fome fcQt higher than the ridge. At noon nine ptarmigans came over from Earl lUand, and Jack killed them all and a groule likewife. tkur wcuLhcr, with drift. Ther. 7'' 8°— 12'' 14°— 8'' 5°. jv;^3,, 6. I went to one of my traps in the weft walk, but faw no fign K. IV. /mart, of any thing. Clear, fliarp weather, with drift. Ther. y^ 2° — 2'' 8° — 10'' 1° below o. , Saturday;. I ftnt Jack to liis traps, but he went no farther than Alder Head, by reafon of the fcverity of the weather; he killed thir- teen fpruce-game. I went my eaftern walk; a fox had been near thofe traps by Laar Brook, but took no notice of them. I brought one out of Great Marfli, and tailed it in the wood on the THE FOURTH VOYAGE. the north fide of the harbour, for rabbits ; it being too bad for any thing clfe. Clear, Iharp -weather. Ther. 7'' 9" below o — i'' 4" — S^ 4° be- low o. Jack and Patrick went to Diver Ifland, where they met with great numbers of groufe, but fo wild, that they killed only one; they found a place much frequented by otters. Terry walked upon Earl Ifland, and killed five fpruce-game. Icruifed round Signal Hill for fome time, but faw nothing. A bright, pleafant day ; warm in the fun, but very fevere out of it. Ther. y^ 24" below o — 12'' ic^'belovv' o — 8'' 10° below o. 299 1778. March. Sunday 8. S. W. little. N. N. E. moderate. N.IV. Yeflerday my family was again increafcd, by Uie addition of 'Monday 9. five young pigs; but the fow overlaid three, the boar worried ^■^'- '^• one, and the other died to-day. I vifited my rabbit-trap, but nothing had been near it. Sharp, drifting weather. Ther. j^ 10' below o — 12''8°— 3'' 3 ° below o. Jack tailed two traps for otters on Diver Illand, (one of which Tuefday 10. he took out of my ea(l walk) and he brought home fix groufe. s. w./rejn 1 walked round the harbour, and frefli tailed the fpring-fnare, which was ftruck up, rcmo\'cd the two traps which were at the narrows, into the woods by the brook at the weft end of the meadow, and vifited the cat-trap at the other brook ; it had been robbed by a marten. Cloudy weather; fharp in the morning, but mild afterwards. Ther. 7'' 16° below o — 12'- 20" — S'' 18". moderate. t. ma rt , Jack went his eafteni walk; a crofs-fox had been eaten out Wednof. i of one of his traps, by fome others. 1 walked my cuftern ^- "'•./ round, and found the two traps which had been drifted over O q 2 while imi ' 'A 30O THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. Thiirfday 12. calm. S. 'f. nodirate. £. modtrate. Fiicljv' 13, S. S. E. mod ■n.tt. S. S. IV. Safnrdav t.}. A. b I. while I was at the flage ; I removed them to a hillock on Great Marfh and tailed five fiiares for rabbits, in the woods on the north fide of the harbour. A little drift, with clear, fiiarp weather. Thcr. 7'' 10° — 12'' 18°— S*" 2° below o. Jack went to his foxtraps on Alder Head, and ottertraps on Diver Ifiand, but nothing had been near them. He afterwards croITed the idand to Sandwich Tickle, where he faw abundance of harps, and two wliitecoats. I vifited my cat-traps, and then went up the fouth-eafl brook to the firll pond, which I walked round in fearch of beavers, but found only fomc very old cut- tings. From the top of a fmall hill at the head of that pond, I could fee another not far off, which is larger than the firft, but it appeared too (hallow for beavers. The whole country round looks Ukely for martens ; and I faw feveral tracks of them by the fide of the brook. Clear till one o'clock, but then itovercall, and at five began to fnow. Ther. 6'' 1^° belo\y o — 12'' 15" — S^ 4". Jack vifited his eaflern traps, two of which were robbed and would not llrike up. I went my eallern round, but faw no fign of furs. Cloudy, dull, mild weather. Thcr. 6'' 10° — 12^ 27° — 8'' 16°. I vifited my cat-traps, two of which had been robbed fronj bt-huid. I removed them all to the fide of the fouth-call biook, ibr farthefl; one being fet about half way up to the pond. in in thence I crollcd through the woods, eailward, to fome fmall hills with barren tops, and then returned home acrols the fonth-ead; marfli ; looking at the rabbit-trap and fnares by the way. Squally with fnow and drift till noon, clear afterwards. Ther. 6^ 17° — iz** 16"— 10'' 4^' below o.. Small THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 301 Small fuow till two o'clock, it then ceafed and began to drift, which held till the evening. Ther. 6^ 4" below o — 12'' i6°— S'' 60. 1778. March SiiihIi' 15. / /■It''. S.frefh. This morning Tcmpleton and Woods vere feized with a Momiay 16. Cholera Morbus and were very bnd all day. I ordered them ^v. fifteen drops of Laudanum each, wiiich they immediately hardgaut. threw up, I then gave them plenty of groufe water ; after that, a decoction of toalled oatmeal, and at night, fifteen drops of Laudanum in an ounce of fpiritous Cinnamon-water, by which time they were much better. Snowed and drifted all day. Ther. 6'> 11° —12'' 14° — Jack went to his otter-traps, but nothing had been near them. He afterwards walked to Alder Head, where he had the leg of a yellow-fox. He full) veil his track into the woods and faw him feveral times, but could notgeta Ihot, nor would the animal quit the woods -, he brought in a rabbit. Terry went upon the noi th-weft fide of Earl Ifland and faw a lilvcr-fox. I walked round all my traps and found a yellow-fox in one upon Signal Hill, but tliofe near Laur Brook were all robbed. I had a marten in one by the fouth-eall brook, but the red were too much loaded with fnow to ftrike up. The people who were taken ill yeflerday, were much better ; at night I gave them a dofe of Rheubarb in a olafs of Mountain Wine. Clear to ten o'clock, but afterwards dull till five in the after- noon, \v'hen it began to fnow, Ther. 6'' o" — 12^ 'j.o" — o'' io<>. fuefday 17. E.frtjh, N. K. moJeratt. The fore part of this d;iy was dark and fo<.^gy ; in the middle, Weinci. i9. we had fmall fiiow, and during the latter part tin. r^: uas much «,"%'"»' '/iW'r. 1 wecgock s o fnow aiul drift. Ther. G^ 1 2"- •'.'' 2/"- -8'- 14-. li ilQ! t; si. I S If 1 © 302 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. A', hard gales. g Tweegock's young child was bit by the buck rabbit through March. the firll joint of one of her hngcrs, in fuch a manner, that the Timriday 19. end of it hung by the Ikin only, I therefore cut it ofFwith a pair of fcilTars. The dining-room windows were fo completely blocked up by the drift of lall night, as not to admit the Icail light: and, as the gale continued all this day, I would not have them cleared ; we were therefore obligtd to burn candles. Ther. 7^ 15° — 2'' 14°— 8'' 14". The weather this morning was rather better than yeflerday, but it foon grew much worlc. The kitchen windows were fix times cleared, and at lall we were obliged to give up that point. I burnt candles all day in the dining-room. Ther. 7'' 11" — 2'' 14° — 8'' 19". My young patient's finger looked well, but this evening the child appeared to be dying -, Ihc was not in good health when born, and has been on the decline ever fince ; her illnefs is a thrufh, which now has ftruck in. The weather much the fame all this day ; no I'iht in the houfebut from candles; and every time any perfon went out of the door, they \verc obliged to dig their ^^'ay ; the whole houfc is entirely drifted over. Ther. 7'' 16° — 2'' 24". FriJay 20. N. N. IV. Saturday 21< hard gales. SiiiiJay 22. The gale being over, the fnow was thrown from the door, fufficicntlv to get out of" the houfe, and the windows were E.fmart. J & K.E. cleared. I t(jok a walk upon Signal Hill and killed a groufe. Cloudy with thaw. Ther. 7'' 31'^ — i^ 47" — S'' 36°. Monday 23. Dark weather with fnow and drift in the morning. Ther, A', Jlrong. 511 26° l'^ 2 2" 8'' 20' Jack THE FOURTH VOYAGE. J^ Jack went to his foxtraps, and I vilited my cat- walk, but < — " — neither oi us got any thing ; one oFmine had been robbed in m-=*1i, the night, but they were all covered a foot high with fuow. A '"eUay 34. filver-fox croired the liarbour this afternoon. It was good walking upon the ice, but bad in the woods. Ther. 6^ 26°— i'' 30^—8'' 23°. iV. N. E. fffjh. Jack vifited his ottcrinips, but as none had come to that place \\> being flooded; for the fnow is fix f*.:et deep at the former j)hice, atid about eight ieet, clofe to the houfe, and drifted firm together. Dark, raw weather. Ther. 6'' 32° — 1'' 3S/ — (j^ 32°. /"/'• Strong gales with a little fmall drifting fnow. Ther. 6'' 27' .ih28i°— 8'> 22°. Friday 27. K.S.E. At one o'clock this morning ^it being then low \\'ater) Twee- Saturday =8. gock's young child died, and after breakfall I caufcd it to be iewed up in a piece of canvafs, and dropped into \.\w. water in "^ * the tickle; as it would have been a very tedious and dilTicuit job (I ,1., II' ii f I 3«1 HIE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. March. tt'ind /Mr. Sumlay 29. A', mvjerate. Monday 30. N.E.liitlt. N. job to dig a grave. Jack went to his traps on Diver, and Earl Ifland.and I, to my caflcrn walk, but neither of us got any thing; a cat had robbed a couple of mine, and a brace of wolves, two of liis. 1 found three of thofe which had been lately drilled over. I difcovered, that, through Jack's carelelV- nefs, the rum puncheon had leaked out at kail forty gallons; and I am much afraid, there \vill not be enough to lull me un- til I receive a frelh fiipply; it was as good Jamaica as any man would wifli to have. Dark, frolly weather. Thcr. 6^ 22" — i'' 31° — 9'' 26". Jack and Terry examined the country to the fouthward-, where they foimd two marfhes, four ponds, and (bmc pretty good timber : but the latter is too far from the water fide to be of ufe. They law no figns of beavers, but met with the tracks of a few martens, and killed two porcupines. I tcok Patrick with me, and went up the foufh-eaft brook to liie firll: pond; then turned north-weft, and came back througli the woods. I had a cat in a trap by the brook, killed a 1 mcupine, and faw the tracks of a lynx and another cat. I h'. ard fomc crofsbeak-Unncts fing, for the firll time this year. Dull, mild weather. Tlier. 7'' 23" — i'' 34° — 8*- 27". Jack went to his eafl walk, where a wolf had been about fome of his traps, but was fhy; he brought one of them home. I vifited my eaflern traps, one of which was flruck up, and three robbed. I faw a bulfinch for the firll time this year. The trench was completed to-day. In the e\ ening John Wrix- on and one of his people came here. There was fome fmall fhow in the morning, and the day was cloudy afterwards, with mild weather. Thcr. 6'' 27" — i2''47°— 8*^ 28°. Templeton's THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Tnn|>loton*s toes being now pretty well, I fent liim off for Paradik' this morning; at tlic fame time I ordered Terry and Tatrjck to attend him with a lied, if he (hould not be able to wnlik, \\'ri.\on and his man fct off alfo for Table Bay ; the fomict returned foon after, to inform me, that there was a fox in orre of my traps ; it proved a crofs, was a litde trace-galled, and fmelt llrong. Jack went to his north-wefl traps, and killed five fpruce-game. I had a very fine marten by tiie fouth-eafl; brook. A fine, warm day. Ther. 6'' 24° — i** 47 — S*' 32°. I vifited my eadern traps, and made a death fall for foxes, Wednef.'i. upon the ice in Laar Brook. Cloudy weather, with lleet. Ther. 5'' 24° — 1'' 45° — 8*" 34". S05 1778. March. Tuefday 31 • lalm. AT. M H. little. S. S. F. S.littlf. fr,Jh. little. I vifited my cat-traps. A wolf went up the brook jufl be- fore mc, and had looked at them all; he llruck up the lad, but was not caught. Dull weather, with fonie fnow at times, till noon; afterwards it fiiowed and drifted hard. Ther. 6'' 2" — 10'' 34". Thiirfclay a, N. /mart. hard. It blew, fnowed, and drifted hard all this day, which nearly filled the drain up again; in the evening the wind abated, and the Iky cleared. Ther. 6'' 23°— 3'' 27°— 8'' 14°. Jack vifited his eaflern traps, two of which were robbed; he brought eight groufe, and made baits of another. I walked my eallern round, and obfcrved, that the two traps on the hill had been robbed lafl; night; and the two in the marfh had been robbed the night before; one of which \fas flruck up. A cloudy morning, and clear day. Ther. 5^ 1° — 2'' 34° — 9'' 20°. Friday 3. A^. hard. Saturday 4. W. frtjh. calm. Vol. II. Rr At r«o6 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. M.irch. ^,M,ti.l) 5. liiria'otr audlntlt. Mondiy 6. A'. /■. moderate. fnjh. At ten this morning Patrick returned with the fled; he hiy Idll niglit by the brook in Eall Arm, where he left Terry; as I iiuciui going there to-morrow, and (laying a few days. I walked to I-aar Brook. In the evening, Jack vifitcd his traps to tlie north- weft, one of which had been robbed by a fox. The firll fnow-birds appeared to-day. CUar, fine weather, with a fliarp frofly air. Ther. 5'' 14° — 2'' 30" — 8'> 19°. At eight this morning, I fet off for Eafl Arm, taking Patrick and Jack with me, wlio, together with the bloodhound dog, drew our provifions and baggage on a fled. At the fouth point of Earl Illand, Jack built a deathfall for foxes, and then follow- ed. Terry met us about half way, who having broke the helve of his hatchet, was going home for another. At two in the afternoon we got to the brook, when I pitched a tent upon the fnow, and then fcnt Patrick home again with the dog. Terry had killed a porcupine, and we Taw the track of a black-bear in a fmall cove near Longllretch ; I think his cave, cannot be far off. A dull day with a little fnow in the afternoon. Ther i°— 8'' P.M. 210. 5^ Tucfd.n' IV.freJh. w. /mart. Terry returned this morning. I went to the top of the hio-h hill with a bare crown, which is on the fouth fide of this brook, from ^v'hence I commanded a mod extenfive view in every direction, except from fbuth-wed, to wed north-wed. I obferv- ed a valley, full of marches and ponds, to extend from Dykes River to Paradife Ead River ; and another, with a dring of ponds in it, which run from the middle of the former valley, to Table Bay Brook. I am of opinion, that a icw beavers may be found in fomeof thofe ponds; that they mud be good places for 307 1778. April. N. ff, hard. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. for otters; and that the marfhcs are exceedingly well fituatcd for intercepting deer at the paifing times. I obferved a range of very high, barren mountains towards the head of White-bear River, a long way in the country, which I never faw before. But wliat [)kafed me moll, was, to difcover plenty of good rinds, in the woods not far from the water-fide, as I fhall want a great number this fpring. I found a porcupine on tiic top of a tall fir-tree, and after taking the trouble to climb up and cut off the; head of the tree with my knife (as he climbed higher than it would bear my weight) 1 loft my labour ; for, before I could get down and overtake him, he fhuflled into his hole, which was under a large rock not far diflant, and efcaped. Clear and fine in the morning, then it grew hazy ; at lafl it fnowed, drifted, and froze hard. Thcr. 5'' 12° — 8'' I*. M. 17°. The boys went into the woods a porcupine hunting; but foon Wcdncf. 8. returned without finding any other thing, than more rinds. It fnowed, blew and drifted hard all day. Thcr. 7'' 20°. I fent the boys in qucfl of the porcupine \vhich I faw on TlunOiay 9. Thurfday, which they not only found and killed, but they drcllixl and cat it too, without faying a word to me; who lay all tiie time in my dcer-fl<.in bag in the tent, where I continued from the night ol" lall Tuefday, until after it was dark this evening ; nearly pcrilhing with cold the whole time. The weather continued the 'ame all day, but at dark the gale ''""'• abated, tlie Iky cleared, and the night proved lercnc. Thcr. 11'- 5^ At eight this morning we fc^t out homewards. It then froze 1 ,i,i,iy 10. fo fex'crely, that I was oblifred to walk above a mile without my •' '^ . •' S: little. rackets, to prevent my toes from burning ; but by the time we got half \vay home, the weather was grown very hot, and it was R r 2 moll 3o8 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. raofl intolerably fo^ after we got into the harbour, infomuch, that we were obliged to lay down on the fnow to eool ourlelves. The boys brought a fled load of baggage, and we tailed three traps for foxes by the way. I judge, the difl;ance from my houfe,, to be ahouX twelve miles. A clear day. Then 5'' 1° below o — 2^ 56" — 8'' 19°. At fix this morning, I fent Patrick and Terry, with the dog and fled, for the tent and the remainder of the things; and they returned with them at eight at night. Jack vifited his eafternr. traps and faw the track of a Urge white-bear, which had gone pad Black Head yefterday. I went round all my traps ; a mar- ten had robbed one in the fouth-eaft brook, and a fox one on the Laar. A little drift in the morning, hot afterwards. Ther. 5'' 2 1 "'— 4'' 57*'-9' 43°. Sunday 12. After brcakfafl;, I took a walk upon Signal Hill, and fat there till two o'clock ; I obferved, that a great deal of fnow was gone off fince yefterday morning; and go it muft, if this weather hold. Jack built a deathfali for foxes by the fide of Laar, Brook, where he found one of the traps ftruck up. A clear, hot day. Ther. 6^ 38°— 2^ 64°— S*' 34°. mnd S. little. Saturday 1 1 . S^U'.freJh. moderate. all round httle. Monday 13. S. S. fV. ■mderate* Jack ftruck up his traps on Earl, Diver, and tlie north end. of Huntingdon liland. He afterwards went upon the Table Hill on the latter, from whence he could not fee any water at fea; except, a narrow vein along the outfides of the outermoft iflands. I vifited my cat-traps and brought the two farthermoft down nearer to the firft ; as the brook is likely to open foon. I had the fnow thrown off the ftore, and the fouth fide of my dwelling-houfe ; the former is very leaky, and many of the Hoods have got wet. A clear THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 3^9 A clear morning, hazy about noon, and rain at night. Ther. 5^ 33" -a'' 59* "— S^ 3 1 '. 1778. April . m»d hi tie and calm. Wediief. 15. S. ll\ moderate. The boys and I were employed moll part of the day, in look- Tucfday 14. ing over the goods in the ftore-houfe, removing the calks, and clearing the fnow out from between them -, and I had the plea- fure to difcover, that the goods had taken no damage worth fpeaking off. Cloudy morning, clear and very hot afterwards ; the fnow goes off the ground failer than I ever faw it before. Ther. 5'43°— ^'59^°— 9'' 32°. At four this morning I fent Patrick to the fealing-poft, to ex- amine the condition of the provifions and craft ; and to fecure them from taking damage by the thawing weather. At the fame time Jack went and llruckup the traps which I tailed on the tenth inftant, and returned at five in the evening, with a filver-fox and feven ptarmigans. He informed me, that the ice in the narrows of this harbour is grown fo weak, that it is dangerous to crofs. I went round my eafl walk, and found thofe traps wh! ;h had been drifted over in the marih ; I llruck up that which is by the fide of the harbour, but faw no figns of fur. A little froft ; a hazy, mild day, and it rained freely in the evening. Ther. 4'' 30° — 2'' 63" — 8'' 38". Jack llruck up his eaftern traps ; he brought home feven TimrfJay 16 groule and fhot at a yellow-lbx. I took a walk upon Signal Hill, and fat there for fome time but faw nothing. The fnow is fo much gone off, that the hills on the fouth fide of the har- bour may now be feen out of the windows ; and part of the fouth, and weft point is bare. Clear till noon, hazy after. Ther. 4'' 35** — 12'' 57° — S^ 40®. The N.E. moderate !il H 310 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. April. Friday 17. Wind variable, moderate. The two boys were hauling home firewood in the morning, and digging away the fnow from before the door all the rell of the day. The iirfl gull appeared ; it was one of thofe which attend the ducks. This circumflancc makes me think, that the ice has parted from the fhorc, to the fouthward of this place. Jack fliot a groufe at the door. > " . .'. ' Ther. 4'' 35" — 12'' 60" — g'' 35„. :•' •.— •• v -• - Saturday 18. A', £. gentle. Sunday 19. £. A'. £. little. fr'A S.E. S.S.E. Monday 20. S. IV, moderate. The boys vS'^ere clearing the Ihow away from the well end of the houfe till break fa ft- time, when they were driven off by the weather. Fog and rain all day. Ther. 4'" 36° — 2'' 40° — 9'' 37". Jack and Terry took a walk upon Signal Hill, and killed a groufe. At three this afternoon Patrick returned from Sutton Bay, and faid, diat neither the provifions nor craft iiad taken any damage; that the ice was ftill faft at fea; that live fmall companies of deer had lately crofted from tiie fout!i\. aid and gone upon the peninfula; that he met with feventeen i;ja herd, about four miles from thence, but could not get a fliot at them; that he faw one wolf on his hrft going ihiiiier, another foon after, and fcvcral had been lately about the houfe. He came over Bald Ifland to-day, and faw much frefti fiot of deer there ; he found the ice knee deep in ^vater, all the way from Sandy Point to this place, and the fnow upon the land was fo very rotten, as to make it cxticmely bad walking. Foggy till noon, broken clouds after. 1'iicr. 4'' 36" 5 r>0 ^^38- The boys were cutting firewood till breitklall, and digging the fnow from befoie the door afterwards. One of the drains was opened to procure \vatcr for the ufe of the houfe ; having had no other than what was made from fnow, melted on the fire. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 311 fire, ever fince the feventh of December, traps and flruck them up. Cloudy. Ther. 1 went to my cat- 1778. April. Tucfday 2 1 . W, moderate. N.E. N.fnjhi N.W.Jlrongt 4'36°— 1'52°— 9''4i''. Early in the morning Jack ftruck up all my traps, except the two which are on the hill, and brought a marten out of one of thofe by Laar Brook. I walked to the top of the hill and fat there two hours, but faw nothing. The boys were employed as yeflerday. This afternoon two men came down from Paradife, to remain here ; they left that place yeflerday. I faw five faddlebacks in the tickle this afternoon. Clear till nine this morning, then dull till five in the evening, when it began to fnow fall; and at eight it drifted. Ther. 4h35o_j2''48°— S'' 350. All hands were felling firewood till breakfaft; afterwards Wednef. 22. four of them were throwing the fnow out of the garden, where '^- ^•/''•J''- it is fix feet deep yet, and the cooper was trimming buckets, kegs, &c. Dark, foggy weather, with fliowers of fmall fnow. Ther. . 4H35'''—i2'^43»_8'>33°. Jack looked for my lofl: traps on Earl Kland, but could not Thurfdiy 23. find them ; he brought the fpring-fhare. The reft of the peo- '^- moderate. pie were felling and hauling home feme firewood till breakfaft, then they made and mended rackets, and made other prepa- rations for a march to-morrow. A clear morning, cloudy afterwards. Ther. 4'' 27° — 1 2'' 44° -8\34i°. The people were felling and hauling home wood till brCv-ik- F'itiay ^a: faft, after which they threw the remainder of the fnow out of ■^•^•^''-^'• the garden. After dinner I vifitcd my two traps, one of which A^. E. S.E. 312 Saturday 25. IVindS. E. liitU. E, moderate, N.E. little. IV. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. which was carried from the top of the hill, down upon the ice, fome diftance from the Ihorr, where I found the two fore legs of a yellow- fox in it, and the fox dead a few yards off; he was quite out of feafon. I have yet got a buck and a doc left, of the rabbits which I brought from England ; and as the latter has ran looCe about the houle all winter, and kindled in a box in the dining-room, I have had opportunities of making fome obfervations on hei and her young ones. She went twenty-nine days with young; the young ones not only came into the world blind, but their ears were alfo fhut, nor could they move them until the tenth day; on the eleventh they began to fee, on the twelfth their eyes were quite open, and on the thirteenth they could cock up their ears. Ths doe did not continue in the box from the time fhe kindled her firfl young one, until fhe got quit of the laft, but often can: e out at intervals ; nor did fhe ever flay with them after, longer than a minute or two at a time, to give them fuck, always covering them well up with far, which flie pulled from olf her beHy and fides with her mouLii. They have a very fingular way of chev/ing their cud, if it may be fo called, for they receive their own dung into their mouths and eat it. The doe, both before and during her firfl preg- nancy, preferred fpruce-beer to every other liquor, but after- wards, fhe grqwfjnd of human urine, and liked it bed warm. Foggy, dark vv«;ather, with fome fmall fnow. Ther. 4*' 35° — 12'' 46" — 9'' 39°. All hands were getting firewood till dinner, afterwards they were employee' in various things about the houfe. I went to Earl Ifland, and looked for my loft traps, but could not find either of thenr.. It was good walking, and there was not much water on the ice. Some THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Some fog over head, a little rain, and afterwards fleet. Ther. r 3>3 ^ 33° — i^ 66° — S"" 36°. The tickles began to open to-day. Cloudy, warm weather all day. Ther. 8*^ 421°. 4' 39° — I 2** 62° — 1778. April, Sunday i.9t Wind all '■ouni litlU. The people cut fome wattles for the garden fence, until they Monday 27. were driven out of the woods by the weather ; when they put ' ""' """' them up, and picked oakum for the reft of the day. I fowed fome muftard and crefles in the garden. Thick fog all day, it fnowed in the morning, and we had N. fmall rain after. Ther. 4'' 39° ■2*' 43' -8^37°. The people were cutting wattles, and putting them up until the afternoon, when they felled firewood. I took a walk upon the hill, and I'at there fome time, but faw only feveral gulls. I obferved that the tickles break up very flowly, even in the ftrength of the tide ; a fure fign of the great thicknefs of the ice; and as there is fo much water on it every where, the nights being very mild, it is almoft impoflible to crofs it. Tuefday 2ta 5. IV. lutlt. W. N. W. N.- N.E. Cloudy mild weather. Ther. 4'' 37° — i** 60° ■9' 37°- N. E. modtrate. The garden fence was completed, a door made and hung, Wednef. 29. the upper beds dug, and fome radifh, onion, cabbage, and cauliflower feeds fown to-day. A filver-fox came upon the flioals near the houfe ; I courfed him, but the fnow was too rotten for the dog to run. I obferved the roots of wild rye to be vegetating in the ground. Thick fog J it fnowed till noon, and rained after. Ther. 4'' 3r 70 — J2'> 40' — ^ 37°. All hands were felling pofts and fliores for the platform of Thurfday 30. Vol. II. S f the ^• II i I I II Hi WW 3^4 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. t — V-n ^ g the wharf. I fowed a few grains of Siberian wheat, oats, and April. barley. Thick fog, with mild weather. Ther. 4'' 37° — ii*" 56* — 8'' 40". May. Fiiday i. N.E.littU. At fix this morning three deer came acrofs Great Marlh, and went up the harbour upon the ice, but I did not fee ihem in time to attempt getting a (hot. At nine I went upon Signal Hill, and immediately difcovered feven others come round Black Head, and make for the marfh. I waylayed them there, and at the fame time meeting with Jack, we ftationed ourfelves properly to receive them. I'hree old hinds foon made their appearance, and I killed one with a ihot from my double bar- rel; Jack ftruck another, and with my fecond barrel I tumbled the third acrofs that which I had killed before. The reft turned back and ran out upon the ice, where they flopped to try if they could difcover what had frightened them, until I crept through the intervening bulhes, and killed the oldeft hind with my rifle, at a hundred and thirty yards diftance. Although the other four then faw me plainly, yet they ran only a hundred yards further before they flopped again, until I reloaded and fired a fourth time; but at too great a diftance to have much chance : after which they turned into Laar Cove, crofled Great Marfli to the harbour, and purfued the flot of the former three. 3. little. I fent Jack for the reft of the people and two fleds, on which we carried the deer home, and I broke them up imme- diately. They were all with calf, and in very good condition for th's time of the year; the twelve quarters weighed three hundred and eighty-one pounds. Cloudy, warm weather. Ther. 4** $7° —2'' 60" — 9'' 44" . Jack THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 3«5 1778. Jack went upon Black Head, to fee how the ice was below; r he informed me, that it appeared to be weak, but was not MaC"* broken up, higher than it was in February ; but that the drift ^*'^, J °* ice was gone off. The reft of the people were felling pofts and '*'• w*/"^""'' (hores till dinner-time. At ten o'clock I went upon the hill, from whence I faw nine deer upon the ice in the harbour, go- ing upwards, but knowing it would be impoflible to get a (hot, 1 did not attempt it; I loft a fine chance by not going fooner. I faw a p;iir of black-ducks. Cloudy till three in the afternoon, and foggy with fome fmall rain afterwards. Then 4'' 40" — 2'' 46" — 9'' 38°. Sunday 3. A'. E. moderate. At four o'clock this morning I fent the cooper and Jack off for tlie ftage, and at fix the other three hands ^v'ent off for the fealing-poft; but the latter returned at ten, after going about halfway acrofs the Flatts, alledging for a reafon, that there was too much water upon the ice, which was grown too rotten for them to proceed. But this pretence had no weight with me, for the whole truth of the matter, was, that they were really afraid to venture upon the ice; nor do I wonder that they fhould be fo, as none of them had ever wintered in this coun- try before; therefore they are not good judges of the condition of icG at this time of the year. I went upon the hill to fee them crofs, where I remained until they returned back, and from thence I could plainly fee, that the ice was perfe6lly good all the way, which is about fix miles. The great tickle is not broken up more than a quarter of a mile. I faw a groufe on the hill. Dark, and cold weather. Ther. 4'' 33" — 1'' 39° — S*" 32*. . • At four this morning I fent the people off again for Sutton Monday 4. Bay! At eight I went upon the hill, at which time they were - croffmg the channel of the Flatts; and at half paft nine they S f 2 turned 3i6 .778. May. Tuefday 5. tfinJ N.E. moderate. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. turned round Sandy Point out of my fight. I killed a groufc on the hill and fat watching till eleven, then returned home, crofTcd the harbour and watched there till two, but faw nothing. The water is gone oft' the ice very much within thefe two days part. Clear, with froily air. Ther. 4'' 33°— 12'' 38°--8'' j^". After breakfaft I went upon the hill and watched till eleven o'clock, but no deer appearing, made me conje6lurc, that the frelh water on the top of the ice, being now frozen, it was too llippery for them to walk upon, as they would eafily be- come a prey to the wolves ; befides, the fnow is now fo hard in the woods, that it is very good travelling acrofs the country, and all the marfhes being clear of fnow, they can get food as they travel along. I am the more confirmed in this opinion, as I never knew them crofs the ice at this time of the year, until the fun had thawed the furface fufficiently to enable them to keep their feet. The bridge of ice at the eaft end of the fmall ifland at the head of this harbour, broke up lad night. Clear, frofly weather. Ther. 7'' 32° — 12}* 34-i — 8'' 300. Wedncf. 6. ^ ^^^g^ ^^^k of cidcr-ducks came into the tickle to-day, but ca/m. I could not get at them; which makes nic conclude, that the A'. E. gentle. |^^ j^ -^ ^g^-j^^ A perfed clear fky, with hot fun. Ther. 6'' 32° — i"' 50" — »'34'. Ihiirfday 7. W little. At nine this morning I took my flation on the hill, and foon difcovered eleven deer on the ice, coming from Huntingdon Ifland. I way layed them in the fouth-weft corner of Laar Cove, where I killed an old hind with my double barrel, and fliould have had another, if the fecond barrel had not burnt priming only ; they then turned back and ran a litde way, when I fired afhot THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 3»7 a Iliot with my rifle at a conliderable diilancc, but milTed ; which fcnt them back, round Black Head. I then broke up the deer and hung his quarters upon a tree. Whilll I was at work, I obferved five other deer going round Black Head alfo, and, when I got home was informed, that they came down the harbour, clofc by my houfo. This hind, which had dropped her horns, was giving fuck and was not with calf again; circum- f lances which I never obferved in any hind which I ever killed at this time of the year, for ihey feldom mew till the middle of June. A good deal of the tickle broke up to-day. The weather being hot, it was good walking for the deer upon the ice, but bad in the woods; therefore, I think my former conjedures were right. There was a large halo round the fun to-day, and another round the moon at night ; thcfe appearances are gene- rally foon followed by a hard gale of wind, yet, it is not always the cafe. Ther. f 39" ■ii' 60" — Sh 35' At five this morning I took the women, with the dog and fled, and fent the venifon home by them; ihc quarters weighed one hundred and feventeen pounds. I remained on the hill till noon, but faw nothing : A deal of ice broke up to-day, and I obferved a large hole was opened, between Sandwich Tickle and Swallow Illand, and another under the eafl head of Earl Ifland. I obferved the lir(l natural vegetation to-day. In the afternoon, eight geefe fettled in the tickle. Clear, hot weather. Ther. 4"^ 32" — 1'' 54" — cf- ^^G", After breakfafl I went upon the hill and (laid there a couple of hours. Sandwich Tickle was opened almoll to Swallow liland, and it foon after gave way above Diver Ifland, higher than I could fee. Diver Tickle liad a large hole m it, and there is another near Indian lllaad. The ice every where m the 1778. May, Wind E. /iiilc. Friday 8. A'. i;'iif and moderate hj turns. Saturday g. E.frejh. N. E. medcrutt. 1: i • :i K ;;,<;;|V .3i8 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. r-^^ — > flie /Ircngtli of the tide looks very ^veak, but tlio rcfl is flill Aijy. ftrong. I faw the firfl faridpipcrs. I felt a gootl deal of pain from the rheumatifin. Clear all day, but at fun-fct, a wet fog came in from fca. Then 4'' ■jo«— 2''5.i°— (/jf. Sunday 10. A wet fog in the morning, but clear afterwards with a hdt K.lutif. fun and cold air, occalioned by a fog on the coall. '1 her. .^^ inJUiUU. 30"— 12*" 46°— 9'' ;j5°. ■' :.-):. 7.-:- * ■ ■ ? . . Monday ii. I calked and payed the Roebuck. A great deal of the ice in fmln the harbour broke up to-day ; there is now only a narrow bridge acrofs it, a little below the illands. Cloudy weather, and very cold in the wind. Ther. 4'' 28" — Tucfdiy ta. J launched the Roebuck this afternoon, and went over to Earl Ifland to look for one of my lofl traps, but the fnow is llill too deep to find it; I brought however one of Jack's from tiience. Diver Tickle is open quite tlirough, and communicates with Sandwich Tickle at the upper end but not at the lower. Alex- ander and hemlock appear; alfo the oats and barley which I fowed on the thirtieth ult. A cloudy day. Ther. 4'' 39° — 1'' 52" — 9'' 42'. s, E. wtderalt. E. frejh. n, E. W'cdiicf. 13. At noon I went upon the hill to take a view of the ice, and obferved, that Cartwright River was open lower than Sandy Point ; Sanawich Tickle was broken up as far as below Swallow Ifland ; that the bridge acrofs this harbour was gone, and that all the ice in Huntingdon harbour and on the Flatts was very bad. On opening the ground, I obferved that the kelp which I laid on the garden laft year, had now bred an infinite number of thofe fmall worms, which I faw among the caplin-fpawn on the THE rOURTII VOYAGE. ■•^iQ the nineteenth of July 1776; and that they had totally devour- ed all the feeds which I fovved on the twenty-ninth of lall month : I therefore lowed thole beds afrefh to-day, alfo a few others ; likewifc fome cucumber feeds, under glades. I law Ibme fhellbirds. Cloudy and cold all day, and foggy in the evening. Ther. i77». May. 4'' 42° »2\55°— 9"35"- I went upon the hill this morning, but could not perceive Xhiirfday 14. much ice gone fmce yellcrday, Indian falad is now fpringing "i"Ji^- up. A cold and cloudy morning, but the rcfl of the day was clear and warm. Ther. 4'' 34" — 12'' 57" — 9'' t3"« s. In the morning ^ walked to the top of the hill, and obfcrvcd that much ice had L oken up fince yellerday. Between Diver Tickle and this, there being only a narroTv bridge, it gave way with the flood tide: and at the fame time fo much ice drove into the harbour, that I think Huntingdon Tickle muH be ripped up for a long way down. I could fee that the main jam was clofe in with the fhore; therefore, as the people cannot get from Sutton Bay to the llage, I am afraid the cooper and Jack will be badly off for provifions, unlefs they have killed fome venifon. Gee/e are now in tolerable plenty. A clear, hot day. Ther. 4'' 43° — 2'' 6iy' — 9'' 46". I went upon the hill this morning, and found that a commu- nication is open with Sandwich Tickle to the eallward, and only a bridge of weak ice betwec a this place and Black Head. At leven this evening the cooper and Jack returned from the llage, and reported, that the ofFi;tg to the northward was clear; that lilhmus, and Blackguard Bav were dill frozen up, and that iherc was ice from the wQft <:nd of rillbelly to Hare Iflands ; but VriJay tj. S. W. Ititlti N. E. tur table. Silurdav 16. all round Hull. N.frejk. 320 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Sunday 17. Wind S.W.freJIt. w. N.W. K. N. E. littU. Monday t8, S. W. frejii. but I expecl that all tliofe places will break up to-night. I Ihot a blaek-duck. Exceflivdy hot till noon, fomc rain after. Then 4'' 420 — 12'' 70{°— 9I' 41°. Jack went to Laar Cove forfome hay; he reported, that the ice below, was nuicii the fame as yellerday. In the evening the ftill part of the harbour began to clear. Small clouds all day, and dull in the evening. Ther. 4^ 40 — ih62° — 9'" 44°. At fix this morning, taking the cooper and Jack with me, I went up the harbour in the Roebuck, to look for the loft traps, but found only one of them. I fent Jack to llrike up the deer- traps, but he could get at only one, the oilier being yet covered with much fnow. In the mean time the cooper and I fat watching for geefe, but we could not get a fliot as very few were ftirring; but we faw a great many black-ducks. Two fwallows appeared to-day, which is very early for them, and I obferved a ftem of grafs Ihewing its feed, although not yet two inches out of the ground. Ther. 4'' 42° — I z** 68° —9'' 52°. This morning all the ice was driven out of the harbour, ex> cept fome fcattered Huff near the iliorc, and what lies above low water mark. Radifhes, onions, crefles, and cucumbers appear in the garden : I had the fouth fence repaired, and the reft of the ground dug. Jack went to Laar Cove for fome hay; he killed a fhellbird and a black-duck, and I killed another : they are in great plenty now, but very fhy. Small rain till two in the aff.ernoon, but fqually afterwards. K Squally. Ther. 4'' 44°— 1 2" 54"— 9^39". tain. frtjh. Tucfday 1 9. S.W. moderate. The THE FOURTH VOYAGE. The cooper and Jack felled pofts and (hores till breakfaft ; and killick-claws afterwards. I took a walk to Laar Cove, and obferved, that the Flatts were clear of ice, except from the high duck ifland to Huntingdon Ifland. Cloudy, cold weather all day, but clear and mild in the evening. Thcr. 4*" 36° — 12'' 48° — 9*' 37°- 321 May. W'ednef. zo. mnd TV. M »r. .firoag. ur. E. S. E. modtrCLtf, At eight this morning, taking the cooper and Jack with me, xhurfday 21. I fet off for Paradife in the Roebuck. We had a dangerous N.E.fman. paflage in crofling Sandwich Bay, as it blew ftrong; and there was io much fea that I expe6led every minute the fkifF would have filled; but at one o'clock v:^ got into the narrows of Hinch- ingbrook Bay, where we found Mr. Collingham, with all hands repairing the Beaver; (he not being blocked up lad fall, was ftaved by the lifting of the ice. The Otter alfo, being left in the water all the winter, and too near the fhore, was ftaved and funk to the water edge. I found the new boats, viz. two Ihal- lops, one baitfkiff, and three fmall, four-oared fkiffs, were finifhed ready for calking, and every other thing in tolerable forward- nefs; fo that upon the whole, I do not think I have any reafon to be diffatisfied with their winter's work. A clear day, and very warm out of the wind. Ther. 4h 34* -9hP.M.39°. At live this morning I fet off homeward, in the Roebuck with four hands, to fetch fome nails, and carried Mr. Collingham's furs with me; the whole of which was only eight martens and an otter. We met with a large pan of ice in Sandwich Bay, which had driven out of Eaft Arm, and had fome difficulty to pafs it. I took up the foxtraps which were left in April, and tailed two of them for otters, upon the rubbingplace by the narrows of Cartwright Harbour, and got home at two in the afternoon. Vol. II. T t Hazy Friday 22; N. E, frejh. 6'. E./nnrt, ill 322 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. May. Saturitay 23, mud S. W. Hull. all round. N. W.fmart. Hazy till lour in the afternoon, when it rained. Ther. 4h 44.* — 12»' 590— 9'' 47°. At fix this morning I fet off again for Paradife, and flopped on the fmall ifland a fhort time to fhoot ducks, where I killed one. 1 found an excellent rubbingplacc, under the cliff between Dykes River and Longllretch, on which was a fingle-fpring trap, with the foot of an otter in it, which I fuppofe mufl have been tailed there by Jofeph Friend, when he firft came here. I difcovered fome more good rubbingplaces between Longflretch and Eaft Arm; alfo fome excellent fandy beaches, fit to haul up fkiffs upon, if caught by blowing weather. We got into Hinchingbrook Narrows at five in the afternoon, and found the Beaver finifhed; (he was immediately got afloat, and re- moved up to Paradife. Jack killed a black-duck, with hard egg. A cloudy morninf^, clear day, and in the afternoon we had a fmart thunder-fhower. Ther. 4'' 43" — 12'' 61° — g^' 43°. 9'' 32' Sunday 24, N. N. IV. frejh. N. £. little. Monday 25. N, E.frcjh. little. Small rain and fleet in the morning, with rain and fog the rcfl of the day. Ther. 4h,^_^o_jh^.^o, -9'^ 37°. Smith and his alhllants wert^ at work on the new boats; the rcfl of the people \vcre picking oakum. I had tiiiny-two empty tierces brought from the falmon-houlc, to buoy the Otter up with ; at high water in the evening we hauled her clofe in fliore, and at midnight flowed the empty tierces in her. Mr. Collingham had an otter and a marten in his traps to-day. Hard rain and fleet in the morning, then fmaU rain with fog, till four in the afternoon, and cloudy for the remainder of the day. Ther. 4'' 36° — 2'' 21" — 9'' 35°. At THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 323 N.E. fqmtlyt At high water we hauled the Otter clofe to the bank, and at 1 — '^: — 1 low water fhe was dry. We then found that her rudder and May. Ilern-pofl: were fliivered to pieces, her garboards out, and feveral Tucfday 26. of her other planks were (laved : but after Smith took out her ,jr,„^ Ilern-poll, he pronounced her to be repairable, as he could not perceive that any of her other timbers were damaged. At fuch times as he could not work on her, he was employed on the new boats. Some hands were loading the Ik'aver with Huge timbers. A dull morning, and rainy dav. Thcr. 4*" 38° — 1*^40'' — At day -break I had the Otter blocked up very high, and, on Wednef. 27. fome of her forward planks being ripped off, it was difcovered m. w.fnjh'. that her flera and fome other timbers were flarted, but thofe things were fuppofed to have been done, when fhe was driven : •! fhore in the year 1774. Tl e Beaver's loading being com- 1 .^d this morning, (he failed for the ftage at eight o'clock. ^ .V, hands were employed till noon, in getting a new Rcrn-pofl out of ihe woods. Smith and his crew were at work on the Otter, and one of the Ikilis; accordingly as the tides ferved. After dinner I went with my crew in the Roebuck, up Hinch- ingbrook Bay, where I fiiot a !',oofe and two leals, but got only one of the latter. I examined the birch there, and found plenty of it to be fit for cooper's work, and we gathered fome killick- llones. A good deal of fnow fell lafl night and this morning; it was dull and cold afterwards. Ther. 4'^ 32^' — 1'' 40° — r^i" 32°. A'. E. Ihtle. This mo/ning Smith put the new fLern-pofl into the Otter. The Roebuck was frclli calked ; and at ten o'clock, I letolf in her with my crew for White-bear Ri\er. I landed on the wiziX fliore of Sandwich Bay, and ^valked to the top of the lull which makes the fouth head of Coopers Cove. All that part of the T t 2 country Thmfday 28, calm. 3^4 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. May. ffitut K E. /mtrt. Friday 29. N. N. E. Jiong. Saturday 30. country is covered with thick woods, with a few fmall marfhes here and there. There is a good deal of birch fit for cooper's work, between Red liland and the brook which is to the fouth- ward of it; and there is fome on the fouth fide of Coopers Cove. Upon the fmall iflands there, I got two gull's eggs, but few ducks are come yet. At one o'clock it blowing too frefh to row againft the wind, we went to the brook, but the tide being low, we could not get the fkiflPinto it till fix at night; in the mean time, I landed and walked up. I obferved it had lately been much ufed by bh ck-bears, deer, geefe, and ducks. I killed a goofe and a fhellbird, and Jack, another fliellbird and a porcupine. There is a very fine bear-path round the cove. I fowed fome cucumber feeds by the brook, and at night we pitched a tent and lay in it. Hazy till noon, and clear after. Ther. 4'' 39" — i"* 53® — 9^ 44". In the morning I killed a fliellbird ; and the tide ferving at nine o'clock, ^v•e rowed out of the brook and proceeded as far as a fmall cove, near the north head of Coopers Cove, in which there is a fandy beach, and fome good trees, chiefly firs, very convenient for loading a fliallop. The wind blew fo fl;rong that we could not go farther ; whereupon we pitched the tent and made a good fire in the woods, then walked into another fmall cove, weftward of that, which is both deeper and broader, where a fliip may ride in perfe£l fafety ; and it has a good beach alfo. There we found an eagle's nefl; in a tree, and by the fide of a clifl^, were fome nefts of martins, and one of a horn-owl. Dull till five o'clock, afterwards rain and fnow. Ther. 4"* 40»— 1'' 53°— 9^ 37°. In the afternoon I fent the cooper out a fliooting to the north- ward, and Jack to the fouth ward ; the latter killed the owl, the nefl. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. nefl; of which we found yefterday; andfaw the frefti flotof a ftag, and the track of a black-bear. It fnowed hard till nine this morning, then was dull till fix in the evening, after which it cleared up. Ther. 4'' 37** — 12*' 4io_gh 3^0. At four this morning wc went into the next cove, and got the young owls ; there were three of iheiu, but one was killed by falling on the ground ; by the fide of tJie neft, lay half of an old rabbit. At five we fet o(f for White-bear River, and at three in the afternoon got up to the falmon-poll, where I found every thing in good condition. Plenty of wolves had been about the place during the winter, and fome of them had broke into the filhermen's houfe, and dcflroyed fome dried filh. We found the river as low as in the fummer, and I put out a net but caught no fifli. Soon after we arrived, a wolf went up along the oppofite (hore, and we faw feveral geefe and other water- fowls. I killed a goofc and a porcupine ; and fowed fome cu- cumber feeds in the garden. A clear, cold day. Ther. 4*" 37° — 12'' 61° — 9^ 60°. £arly this morning we took up the net and hung it upon tlie fcaifold to dry ; there was a pike of fix pounds and a half in it. I went to the beaver-houfe, out of which the two beavers were caught laft fall, and tailed a trap near it. In a fmalLpond, which has been made by the beavers a little above, we found an old houfe. The Hint was the lon^efl and completefl; I ever faw ; it extended acrofs a fmall ^'aIe, through which ran a narrow rill of water, by which means a pond, of about an acre, was formed ; this is often the pradice of thofe induflrious animals. But when they are found in fuch a place, it is a very eafy matter to kill the whole family (or crew, as the furriers term them) for, by cutting a large breach in the Hint, all the water 325 1778. May. A'. Jroiig, moderate. Sunday 31, W. iittle. fujh. lUtk, June. Mor.dav coh>;. :M \m±)\ 326 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. June. Tuefday 2. mild ir. s. IV. fnjh. WeJnef. 3. W.JrrJh. N. /mart. water is foon drained off, and they cannot make their efcape. We faw a brace of deer on an ifland in the river, but could not get a {hot. After we returned, 1 examined another cafk of nets, put back the one which I took out ycilerday, and headed the calk up again; then had part of the garden dug. Hazy and cloudy weather. Thcr. 6'' 45" — 9*" 63" — 3'' 62°. Some more of the garden was dug, and we fowed fome rad- ifhes, onions, turnips, mulhird aud crcfies. After breakfall I crolTed the river and walked down to Spring Brook, where I examined all the vallies, but faw only a very little frefli flot of deer. From thence I turned through the birch v/oods, which abound in excellent hoop-poles, up to the very top of the ridge of hills oppofite to the falmon-pofl. I then went to a large pond which lies under the fouth end of that ridge, and empties into Eagle River ; on the north fide of which, I found three large bcaver-houfes, with a ftrong crew of beavers belonging to one of them: for, in the wood, lay as many trunks of flout birch trees as would load tjie biggeft lighter on the river Thames; and in the pond, v/ere as many logs and ftuks, frclli cut, as would load two or three large {l:!i;c waggons. I got back at four in the afternoon, and fent Jack for the trap which I tailed yclterday; it had a toe of an old beaver in it. Cloudy all day. Thcr. &' S7° — ^-^ ^3" — 9^ ^h 61 A little before fun-rife this morning we Hi w a black-bear, up- on the ifland oppofite to the fulmon-pofl, which it immediately quitted and went into the woods. A\. four o'clock we fet out homewards with a fine breeze o'' wir.d, which held until we ran halfway ; it then fiiifted, and obliged us to row to Loon Point; from thence wc crolTed Sandwich Tickle fa thing which I am not fond of doing, as there is a race of tide and it is full of whirlpools) went down Diver Tickle and landed on Gull Rock, THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 327 1778; June. E'.frejh: Rock, where we killed a pair of eider-ducks, and gathered five of their eggs, and three gull eggs. We took up two traps which Jack had left on it, and looked for the one which he loil in December lad; but although we found fome places in the woods where the fox iiad been entangled, yet we could not find the trap. We alfo ^^ %'!f„jh: looked for, and found one of thofe which I loft on Earl Ifland. Arrivino^ at home at four in the afternoon j I was informed, that the Beaver Ihallop not being able to get down to the ftage, as the m;iiii jam of ice was come in fliore again, had landed her cargo on the wharf here, and returned to Paradife for another loud: alfo, that the three men whom I fent to Sutton Bay, had returned and gone up to Paradife. Every thing which I fowed in the garden is come up, but they have all been much retarded in their growth by the late cold winds, which produced frofty nights, and killed the cucumbers. In the evening I took the women for my boats crew, and went up the harbour to the ottcrtiaps, one ol wli.ch was Itrix'k up. More ducks than ufual wcic about the iflands. A cloudy day. '1 her. 4'' 02^ — 9'' P. M. 62". £. s. £. A clear hot day. Tlier. 4'' (rj"- .1 ill hr,^ ,^ - -"■ s. w. moderate. At fevcn this morning I fct olTin the PvOcbuck upon acruifc, Timrfday 4. taking the cooper and Jack with mc; we landed on Beaver, and Sprckkd iiland, on which we fliot fix ducks and gathered two hundred and thirty-two eggs ; from thence wc went up Cartw right River, where, finding that the beavers were flill in t)iC lumt; houCc, I tailed five traps for the in, W'e pitched our tent at the mouth of the brook. !« At lour this morning 1 font Jack (o look at the traps, and as foon as he returned, we Itruck the tent and went down the river to Sandy Point, Avhcrc w^e. noi){jcd until the tide was high enough tQciofsthe fands. Wc then endeavoured to go to the woody ill and Fiitliy .7. N.lV.frcJh. liLM 326 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. June. Saturday 6. fymd SIV. modtraU. e. N. ifland in Sutton Bay ; but the wind blowing too frelh, we turned back and pitched our tent on Sandy Point. I killed a porcu- pine and three ftrangers, but got only one of the latter. Cloudy warm weather. Ther. 4'' 54° — 12'' 6g'. At half pad two this morning, we rowed up the river and took up the traps; nothing had been on them: but we faw ihe frelh feeting of beavers, on the fands below the flint. We then re- turned to Sandy Point, ftruck the tent and went homeward. We landed on Speckled, Beaver, and High Ifland, on which we fhot three ducks and gathered two hundred and fixty eggs. We got home at five in the afternoon; when I was informed, that the Beaver had pafled by for the flnge, with another load of wood, on Thurfday lafl;. I planted fbme wild currants in the garden. Cloudy weather. •fu? '^iit'-r tt'*K'tJI Ji/ii., *:k Ther. 4'' 54° — 12'' 700 — g'' 60' Sunday 7. IV. s. w. £. /mart. Monday 8. £. moderate. The garden does not come on fo well as it ought, as the wea- ther of late has been too dry ; and either exceflivcly hot, or very cold. Short topped radiflies and early I'ugar-loal cabbages are the forwardeR, of any thing, and lettuces grow prciiy well. Clear till one o'clock, foggy afterwards. Ther. ,^ 520 — I2h53°_9h43°. I had a fkiff load of wood felled and brought home. After dinner, I took the women and went round the harbour in the fkiff; I found my other lofl trap, and killed a pair of eider-ducks and a pair of fliellbirds on the woody ifland, but could find no eggs. A deer has lately been upon it and flopped fome days, but I believe it is gone. ^ It rained till noon, and was foggy afterwards. Ther. 4'' 43^ I had THE FOURTH VOYAGE. I had fome drains dug between my houfe and the flore. At ten o'clock, Mr. Daubeny and fix hands arrived in the Stag and Fox. He informed me that they had not been fuccefstul in caiching feals, and that no furs had been caught on this coaft lad winter; that he had killed only a hundred and thirty feals ; that no veflels had yet arrived from England, nor any boats from Newfoundland. He left Charles Harbour on Saturday morning, and arrived at the flage lafl night. The Stag was unloaded, and fome wood put on board her. ^^9 1778. June. Tuefday g. Wind S. moderate. A clear, hot day. Then 4'' 45" — i** 62' ■9'' 57' variable. Utile. , moderate. Early this morning we completed the loading of the Stag, and wednef. 10. fhe failed for the ftage. Jack went to Laar Cove for fome of the traps ; he brought home three, and killed a Ihellbird ; I Ihot an eider-duck. A clear, hot day, with a little rain at night. Ther. 4'' 52<» — ah Gg^—g^ 63°. After breakfafl; I went in the fkiff, with all my family, round Thurfday n, the well fhore of Huntingdon I Hand ; we picked up all the j. /,•«/,. traps there, except one which was not to be found, gathered fixly eggs, and killed a duck upon Wreck Ifland. I took a walk on Huntingdon Illand, and obferved, that there were many deer paths, but none of them had been ufed this fpririg. In the evening, the Stag and Fox came up from the llage. Dull with a little rain in the morning; clear afterwards. Ther. At dav -break I fent four hands to Sutton Bay in a fkiff, to look for the Beaver, fearing fome accident had happened to her ; as flie was to go from the flage to that place, to fetch home the fealing-crat't. At fcvcn o'clock, Mr, Daubeny failed in the Stag tor Paradife, to fix the falmon crews and bring down a Vo L. n, U u load 5. E, frejhi Friday 12. S. W. littUi S. S. E. moderate. \ 'Hi "53^ 330 June. Saturday 13. Wind IV. S. W. Sunday 14. Smart. W. N. W.Jlrong. tittle. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. load of wood for the flage. ' I took a walk on Signal Hill, but faw nothing there; and in the evening, killed a (hellbird at the door. Cucumbers appear under the glafles. Very hot weather. Ther. 4'' 57" — 2^ 73° — g^ 64*. After breakfaft the women and I bailed out and moored the Fox. At eleven the Otter came down from Paradife with a load of (lage-wood, and after deliverin;^ me u letter, failed for Great Ifland. I cut fomc mullard and crcires, cuifj pulled a couple of radifhes, which are the firfl: produce of ihe garden that have come to table this year. I killed an eider-duck. At ten o'clock at night, the fkifF re turned from Sutton Bay, and the people informed me, that the Beaver had been delayed by the furf, in getting the things on board; but that (he took in the lad to-day, and had failed out of the bay for this place. Thefe peo- ple brought fix ducks, a diver, and two hundred and feventy- five eggs. I learned from them, that when the Beaver laft got to the ftage, William Phippard and his crew were there, in their way from Ivucktoke Bay to Black-bear Bay; and that they had killed but very few furs lad winter. A line day. Ther. 6^ 62° —i^ 68'— 9'" 56'*. The Fox was loaded with wood, and in the afternoon ftie failed for Great Illand. At four this afternoon, Mr. Daubeny arrived in the Stag, with five hands, and a load of wood. He informed me, that as he went up, he met four hands in a Ikiff, at thefe narrows, who had been rinding in Eaft Arm, and had taken off all that they could find, amounting to two hundred nitches; that he took them up to Paradife with him, and had fettled the crews for that place, and White-bear River. He alfo informed me, that the Beaver's crew, in their way back to Pa- radife on the thirty-firft of lafl; month, had killed the deer which I faw the figns of on the woody ifland, above this place. He brought 3.3 » Ml nd.iy 15, H'lnd ,V. ly. E.liltit, THE FOURTH VOYAGE. brought the remainder of Collingham's fur (an otter and a mar- ten) and three Ihnk falmon, but no fpring fifh are yet come in. A cloudy, cold day. Then 6^ 52* — 1'' 63° — 9** 51". At four this morning Mr. Daubeny failed in the Stag for the (lage, and at eight the Beaver returned from Sutton Bay, with all the things from the fealing-pofl there. I had her unloaded by five in thr afternoon, and fhe then failed for Paradife ; they brought me a couple of young horn-owls, and alfo a broken grapnel which they found upon a fmall ifland, where it had been left by fomc of the Efquimaux. A clear day. Ther. 4'' 48°— 2'' 68°. At four this morning I found the Stag at an anchor in the harbour; where fhe arrived laft night at twelve, in her way to Eafl Arm, to fetch the rinds from thence; and at fix (he failed. I went at the fame time in the Roebuck to the back fhore, and brought home one large trap and two fmall ones; I met the Otter going up to Paradife. After brcakfall I went with all my family into Dykes River, where I tailed five traps for otters, and a large one for a bear ; no fpring falmon there yet. 1 killed three ducks, and gathered ten eggs on the woody ifland; one of the traps by the narrows was carried away, but by what I could not tell, unlefs it were by a wolf. Ther. 4'' 50° —9'' P. M. 62°. At fix this morning I went again with all my family to Wcdnef. 17. Dykes River. Jack and I landed on the fouth fliore near the '^'•/'sA- mouth of it, and walked downwards in quefl; of rinds, but found very it\ff. I walked up the fide of the brook which comes down the hill, to a fmall pond, but faw no figns of beavers there. An otter-path comes down by the fide of it, U u 2 and Tuifday 16. talm. KEJittU. I /r(J-. i I .1.12 JIIE FOURTH VOYAGE. mnJ S. E. modvate. Thiirfday i8. W,Jir«ng, N. AT tr. Friday 19. M Jreng. N. N. IV. liltU. and there is a good riibbiniJjpKicc near the mouth, witli Toms few rinds and inthHerent timber trees, lome Ihallop timbers may be eiit there, and along lliore. We met a Ikillwith two hands, from White-bear River, going to my hoid'e ibr mcK)rings; I ordered them to jjroeeed to the llage, but on my return, found them at Caribou; being (lopped by the fliifting of the wind. Jack killed a porcu|)ine, and faw the frefh tracks of feveral black-bears and wolves on the Ihore beyond the brook which I went up. We got a tolerable plate of radifhes. Cloudy day. Thcr. 4'' 62° —8'' P. M. 50.° I'he White-bear River people fct out for the flage before day- light this morning. At five o'clock the Stag came to an anchor here, with the rinds on board; Ihe took in fomc boards and a few other things, and at eleven failed for the llage. After breakfall I lent Jack into the country to the fouthward on a cruife. At one in the afternoon the Otter palled by, with wood from Paradife for the flage; and as (he had no (ki(Fa(lern, I am afraid it is lod: a heavy fquall (Iruck her when going through this tickle, and fhe was nearly upfet. At half pall three the Beaver paded by for the dage, with wood, fcudding under her fore-fail. I tranfplanted fome lettuces. Hard fqualls, with hail. Ther. 4'' 520 — 12*' 60" — S** 50". I tranfplanted fome more lettuces, and fome early fugar-loaf cabbages to-day ; covering the ground between the plants with fea weed. At nine at night Jack returned, and faid that he faw a young beaver in Dykes River, but could not find the houfe; that he met with much Hot of deer, and found a trap which had been lod lad year. Squally, with fome (howers of rain. Ther. 5'' 47" — 1 2'' 52*— - 9^ 4.9°. I put 3J3 1778. Junr. Sjliirday an, tt'tnd fy. moderalt. N. X. E. fnjh. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. I put out u falmon-nct this morning olF High Point; had a fpriiig li(h irnnudiati'Iy, and limr more Toon alu'r. At cloven o'clock I vvcni \\\ the Rijcbuck to look at the otterliaps, in which I had three otters, and a foiirlh trap was (Iruck up. 1 (hot an cider-duck and a tern, and obfervcd, that a white-bear and a deer had been upon the point of Dykes River lincc I was there lall. On my return in tiie evening I met the Stag and Otter, and (poke with the people oF both ; the former was going 1 rinding to White-bear River; the latter to Pjuadife, for another load of wood. I received a lettijr irom the head-n»<'j;i, ;i£ Para- tlil'e, dated the eighteenth inftant, iniojrniiig *'ne, that t:,e fifh t anie in there on the fifteenth, but were not yet ptcntiful. I had ten fi>ring filh and a flink in the nei ?.. ni|j;lH. A clouily day. Thcr. ^ 47" — 10'' ?, M. /15" . Notwithilanding this ia the loIlt. Tixr. z^" ^[f — •''67"— 9V57°. F. S.l' At four this morning, perceiving the Ot/r»- al anchor in ','ie TucVayaa. harbour, I ordered her round uito the tickle, out in gett-ng ■s- "'•>«/•/. under weigh, (he drove on Ihoro n 'i.tlc bey,jnd the ftore- houfe. I went on board immediately m the ikiiF aid carried out an anchor, but we were oh^iged to ligln.M her before flic could be got off into deep w.-^ter ; : fterwards (he took part of her loading in agaiii^ ^nd completed it with beams from this place. '\ \ ' ( y \ ! el .ill? 334 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. June. Wednef. 24. fVind S. W.frtjh. JV. E. little. Thurfday 35. A^. A'. E. fnjh. place. She then got under weigh again, and foon after mif- fing flays, we let go the anchor; but not having room enough to bring up, fhe drove on (hore within the wharf, where we made her faft, then carried out an anchor and got her under fail. Thefe delays made it three in the afternoon before flic got out, and as there were only three hands on board, 1 fent Jack to affifl; them. I received a letter by her from Paradife, informing me, that filh were now in great plenty, and that they had about forty tierces on lliore. I killed fifteen fifh to-day, and took up the net for ^vant of more fait. Cloudy all day, hazy at night. Then ,'^ 57° — 12'' 691° — I employed myfelf all this day in mending nets. Hazy till noon, and foggy the refl of the day, with thunder, lightening, and hard rain at night. Ther. 5'' 62" — i"* 68° — q^ 57'. At eight o'clock this morning the Beaver (lopped here in her way to White-bear River, and landed four tierces of fait and four empty hogfheads. I put fome provi lions and other things on board her, and flie failed at eleven. At nine this morning, the Stag paffed by with rinds, and delivered me a letter from Mr. Collingham, informing me, that falmon firfl appeared on the eighteenth inflant ; but were fo fcarce wi*h him, that he had killed but ten tierces. In the forenoon I mended a falmon net, and at five o'clock I went off in the Roebuck with the women, for Dykes River, where I had an otter in one trap, and two others were in the water. 1 brought all the traps awav from thence, and faw two otters on the illand rock at the mouth of the river; one of which I fhot at, but did not kill him. I faw fome frefh flot of deer on the meadow by the fide of the river, and THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 335 -lo'' 44'*. •778. June. and got home at ten at night. The garden came on amazingly with lafl night's rain, and this morning I tranfplanted fome more lettuces. Wet fog in the morning, clear and cold afterwards. Ther. ^h 43**— 1 2*' 47" — lo'' 42°. I put out a falmon-net this morning, and in the whole day Friday 26. killed but fix fifh, a very unpromiling circumllance. In the ^^.^^ evening, I (hot an eider-duck. m e. The day clear and cold, the evening foggy. Ther. 6"* 43'' — vudtratt. I killed fix falmon and a flounder. Obferving that the mice had done much mifchief in the garden, I put down a trap for them and caught one while I was fixing it. A hot day. Ther. S** 61° — 12'' 70° — g^ 63*. Saturday 27. calm. E. S. E. S. E. S by W. I could not clear the falmon-net to-dav, as it blew ftrong and Sunday 28. rained all day, with cold weather, Ther. 5'* 43° — 12'' 45° — J^-M'''- 9' 41°. I tranfplanted tvventy-feven dozen of cabbages, hauled the Monday 29. net once, had nine fifh and mended another net. A clear day, Ther. 6^ 43° — 12'' 49° — ^9'' 43°. After breaflfaft, I went in the fkiff with the women, to the traps in the harbour, one of which had a robin-red-breaft in it. We landed on the woody ifland and there gathered fixteen eggs, I alfo fhot fix ducks, and my dog caught one. The Beaver was at an anchor above the narrows; at high water fhe got under fail, and worked down. I received a letter by her in- forming me, that more fait, cafks and men were wanted at Pa- radifc ; that they had killed about four thoufand fifli in the lall eight days, and had above two hundred tierces of filh on Ihore; Tiiefday 30, calm. N. E. frijh. moderate. July. Wednef. t. N. frejh. calm, N. little. Thurfday 2, N. Jrtjh. N.E. Friday g, calm, variable andfrejh. talm. THE FOURTH VOYAGE, fliore; I fent her oa to the ftage immediately. I had fixteen fifli in my net to-day, and it was very much torn by them and others, which had gotten out. I loomed a fet of new oars foi the Roebuck. ; . A frofty morning and clear day, with cold air. Thcr. ^ 42' At noon the Fox came up from the llage, when I put fomi'. empty cafks on board her, and at two o'clock the failed for Pa radife. Had but one fifli to-day. ' ' , Cloudy till three, and rain afterwards. Thcr. &" /J5" — ^ P.M. 46". At three this morning, perceiving the Stag at anchor in the harbour, I launched the fkifF and went on board her. She had fait in her for Paradife, and Mr. Daubeny, who was on board •, informed me that he arrived about ten laft night, anrj that the Beaver was coming, in her way to White-bear River. She was filled up with empty cafks, and at nine, leaving Mi . Daubeny to go to White-bear River in the Beaver, I fa:!; d in her for Paradife. I arrived there at half pafl one, whc n I found the Fox loading with wood, and at five flie failed for the (lagc. Salmon are ftill very plentiful; by this evening they had killeci in the whole, fix thoufand three hundred and fixteen, in thir- teen days. The empty cafks and part of the fait were landed. Wet fog all day. Ther. 3'' 45° — 1 2'' 47" — 9'' 42°. In the courfe of this day we fhiftcd fome of the nets, killc I three hundred and foi ty-one fifli, landed the reft of the fait, and the Stag fell down the river, to load with flage timber. A large white-bear was feen this morning at the mouth of Eall River ; I went there afterwards and faw the tracks of him, and alfo of fome black bears. Ther. 4'' 44'— 12'^ 59° —•9'' 4^% At THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 337 At four this morning the Beaver arrived from White-bear River, and brought four new nets; fhe palfed Caribou Caflle in the night of the firll inftant. We had one hundred and twenty- five filh in the nets this morning, ar d they were linking in very fail when I came away. Having completed the loading of the Stag, at noon I failed in her for White-bear River. We faw a large black-bear on the well fhorc of Sandwich Bay, but I would not go after him. We were working to windward in the bay all night. Cloudy, moifl, cold weather. At three o'clock this morning we anchored and moored under the north fliore, about two miles from the mouth of White-bear River, when I took a couple of hands with me in the fkifF, and rowed up to the falmon-pofl. I found above fifty tierces of filh on fhore, but the filhln^ was very flack; they having killed but twenty-fix yellerday. In Eagle River, where they had put out fome nets, they found the filh tolerably plentiful; they brought one hundred and twenty-fix from thence yeflerday, and faw a large black-bear, at which they threw Hones, for want of a gun. I took in t^venty-five hogthead packs, and ordered Mr. Collingham to fetch his nets from Eagle River, and then to go with two hands and join the crew at Paradifc. At eight this morning I fet out for the boat, at the fame time Mr. Collingham went off for Eagle River, and when we had got Ibme dillance off, we difcovered a large black-bear going down the north fliore. I landed behind and followed him, but when I was almoll within fl:iot, he winded Mr. Collingham, who had got into the woods a head of him, and ran into the woods. The \v'ind blowing frelh and the flood coming in, my two men could not row out of the river, therefore we landed on Dove Point, from whence 1 took a walk along fhore to Dove Brook, ^vent fome Vol. II. X X diflance 1778. July. Saturday j|. Wind N. W. tittle. Sunday 5, ,/)./•. u 338 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. IVind little. caim. Monday 6, N. If. nodcrnte. N. E. frejh. raodtrate. Tucfclay 7. E. S. E. moderate. E. S. E. calm. diftance up it, and returned back to the fkifF through the woods. I faw the tracks oi feveral black-bears on the fhore, and found a path of thofe animals by the fide of the brook, which had been much ufed. I killed a pair of geefe that had fix young ones, and faw the track of a large white-bear and fome frefh beaver-cut- tings ; from which, I am certain there is a beaver lioufe not far off. At five in the evening we rowed out of the river, and im- mediately perceived another black-bearcoming along Ihore from Dove Brook. I landed and waited for him near the point, but was again difappointed, as he accidentally went into the woods, paffed behind me, came out again clofe to the fkifF, and then returned back the fame way. I fpoke to Mr. Collingham on his return, who had got a hundred and forty fifh. We got on board the Stag at dark, and remained at anchor for the night. A clear day. Ther. 4'' 41°— 1'' 59°— 9'' 44°. We came to fail at three this morning, and at eight anchored at Caribou. I was informed that fifh had been very plentiful thefe two days part, and we killed twenty-five and a feal to-day. At five in the evening, Mr. Daubeny failed in the Stag for the flage. Some more cabbages were tranfplantcd. Foggy and cold all day. Ther. 4'' 44° — 12'' 50° —9'' 42°. At ten this morning the Beaver paffed by for the flage. The boatsmailer informed me there was good fifliing again at Para- dife, and that their fiilt was almofl: expended ; I boarded him in the tickle and took Jack out ; putting in his room, a man who was left here out of the Stag. We had thirty-one fiOi out of the net to-day; took it up and put out another: we alfo repacked a pucheon of fifh, which was leaky. Foggy till noon, clear afterwards. Ther. 4*^ 44"--i'' (if— 9^41°. I mended THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 339 I mended the net which we took up yellcrday, killed fifteen filli and took a walk upon Signal Hill. At nine at night, Mr. Collingham with four hands, came down in a (kifffrom Paradife, to inform me that they had neither fait nor cafks left ; and that fifh were in fuch plenty, that they had near live hundred for this morning's haul, but not fait enough for half of them. I fcnt him to the llage immediately. A clear, warm day. Ther. 5'' 50° — 1'' 69° — y'' 62°. At day-break a fkiff came here from the flage to inform me, that a velTel ot mine was arrived from England. I immediately went down there, and found her to be the Reconciliation, John Kettle mailer ; a new brigantine which had been taken from the Americans, and purchafed for me this fpring. She is about eighty tons burthen; is laden with provifions and Ilores; fhe brought out fome new fervants from England and Ireland. By my letters I find, that the Countefs of Effingham is ordered to load with fait at Lifbon, to which place Ihe carried a cargo of corn on freight for Leghorn, and to come from thence here. In going down, I killed an eider-duck, and met the Beaver going to Paradife with fait. In the afternoon I fent the Fox there alfo,with hoops and fome other things. The fore part of this day was clear, but the latter cloudy. Ther. 3h 54°. Tlii'rfdiiy 9. moderaU, S.' S. S. E. fujh. We began to cover in the ne\v (lage, which is a hundred and fifty feet long, and thirty feet broad, and by night we had fi- nilhed above half of it. I lent the Stag to fca, \vith three hands, to try for fifh, and flie returned at night with three quin- tals, which were caught at the Sillers. Two hands were at work in repairing the Squirrel. The Otler was laid on fliore. Hazy in the forenoon, foggy and cold afterwards. X X 2 Two Frid Jv 10; 5. £. fyfft. E. frtjl; 'I 34 « THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. Saturday 1 1 . IKndS. E. moderate. Jmart, Suiiilay 11!. S, mcdi^'utt. S. S. E. Jrep. Monday 13. .V. N. E. hard. N. Tucfilay 14. S. W. little. N.frrJ,. N. IV. Two hands were at work on the Squirrel ; and by the evening they finilhed all that they could do at her: the reft were em- ployed on the ftage. The Stag brought in feven quintals of fifh this evening, which were killed with jiggers. We got the Otter afloat. I walked to the north-cafl end of the ifland, where I difcovered a rubbingplace, and killed an eider-duck. A foggy, cold day. At eleven this morning I took captain Kettle and four of his hands with me in the Otter, and failed for Caribou Caftle; \vhere we arrived at two in the afternoon. I found the falmon were flack ; and that there were about nine tierces on fliore. I put the cod fcine and fome few other things on board the Otter. A fair morning, but rainy afternoon. The Otter drove this morning, and did not bring up until flic was almofl; on Ihore. Hard gales, with heavy rain, and cold weather all day. Jack and one of the failors went in the Roebuck for the traps. Having taken up the falmon-net, I Ihipped oflF what baggage and lioufehold furniture I thought neceflfary, and failed for Great Illund, at two in the afternoon, with all my family and live Ilock, except the pigs, and arrived there at midnight. One of the new boats got down from Paradife jufl before us, and the other arrived about half an hour after. The people informed mc, that the falmon had been flack for a few days pafl^, and that there were upwards of three hundred and fe- venty tierces on fhore. On my arrival at the ftage, I was in- formed, that Ibme caplin and large lance had been hauled to-day, but no codfifh caught; the latter having been driven into deep water by yefterday's gale of wind. A cloudy THE FOURTH VOYAGE. A cloudy day, and much lightening from the fouthward at night. 341 1778. IV. variabUt fnjh. rariahlf andtittU. We unloaded all the boats, and landed fome goods out of Wednef. 15. the brig. Smith was at work on the Squirrel. T^he Stag "'""' brought in three quintals of hfh. In the afternoon Jack came down with moll of the traps, and brought a hind, which he killed to-day on the hills near Berry Ifland; he faw much frefh Hot on Earl Ifland. Some IqiKiUs of hail, and a little thunder, with cloudy, cold weather. Then i** P. M. ee'' — 9''45°« We landed fome more goods out of the brig, and got up the Tiwrfday 16. inner fet of beams of the Itage. Smith finiflied the Squirrel, ^' ^••^"■^'*- and then began upon a fmith's fliop. I pitched a tent for fome of my baggage, fet up a clofe Itove in the temporary houfe, which was built this fpring, and did feveral other necelTary things. The Stag bit);'. lj!iI in eight quintals of fifli, from the Black Iflands. A clear, warm day. Ther. 4'' 45° — 12'' 59° — 9'' 46°. We landed fome more goods. The fliorcmen were at work as yederday. I'he Beaver returned from Paradifc and in- formed me that fifh were flack; but as the tubs were better filled than they had been lafl; year, there would be more tierces of fifli than were expected. We began to conftruft a fl;one fire- place in the little kitchen. Some Imall lance were hauled both in the morning and evening. The Stag brought in three quin- tals of fifli, and her crc^v• complained much of the want of baits. A clear day, and immoderately hot. Ther. 4'' 45" — 2'' 82* Friday 17,-, W. little. /"f'S link.' At: IJ .142 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. Saturday 18. Wind W. S. IV. /mart, Jqmllyi Suntlay 19. t^. E. little. £, frejh. tatm. Monday so. E, hard. Tuefday 2 1 , £. frejii. moderate. .Wednef, 22, K. IV. little; At nine this morning I fet off in a fkifF with four hands, for Caribou Caflle; leaving orders for captain Kettle to follow in the Otter, M'ith three of his men and Jack. I fhot an eider-duck by the way, and got home at iey/en in the evening. I then put into the fkilf what things were wanted below, and fent her back immediately. A clear hot day, but a rainy evening and night. The Otter coming up at ten this morning; I put fome empty tierces on board her, and failed immediately for White-bear River, where I arrived at four in the afternoon ; but found no fifli going, and only feventy tierces on fliore. Jack tailed a large trap for a bear in the cove by Dove Point. A fair day, with fome rain in the evening. After breakfaft I went up to the cataraft, but faw nofifh there. The Otter was filled with empty tierces. It rained hard all day and night. We took up the bear-trap, and in the evening towed down to Nine-fathom Hole. Cloudy weather, with fome fmall rain. At four o'clock this morning, we weighed anchor, towed out of the river, and anchored again a little below the mouth of it, where we moored. Leaving one man on board the (hallo way, to take care of her, I got into the yawl with captain Kettle, Jack, and the other two failors; and rowed up Eagle River to bring fome of the falmon-craft from thence. On entering the river, we obferved a wolvering going along the fouth fhore of it, which is the firfl; I ever law alive, unlefs in a trap. When we got to the firlt rapid, which is as high as a boat THE FOURTH VOYAGE. a boat can go, we faw a brace of white-bears in the river above ; and a black one, walking along the north fhore. I landed on the fouth fide with my double barrel and rifle; ordering captain Kettle to land Jack on the oppofite Ihorc; then to follow me ^vith one of his men, and leave the other to take care of the boat and keep her cifloat. 1 had not gone far, before I obfer^ed a very lari>;c black-bear walking upwards, on the other fide of the river ; which foon took the water and fwam acrofs, but landed at Ibme diflance above mc, and went into the woods. About half a mile higher, I came to a very flrong fhoot of water, occafioned by the river being pent in between two high points; from thence I law feveral white-bears fifhing in the llream above. I waited for them, and in a fhort time, a bitch with a fmall cub fwam down clofe to the other fhore, and landed a little below. The biich immediately went into the woods, but the cub fat down upon a rock, when I lent a ball through it, at the diflance of a hundred and twenty yards at the lead, and knocked it over; but getting up again it crawled into the woods, where I heard it crying mournfully, and concluded that it could not long furvive. The report of my gun brouglil: Ibmc others down, and it was no fooner re-loaded, than another flie bear, with a cub of eighteen months old came Iwimming dole under me. I Ihot the bitch through the head and killed her dead. The cub perceiving this and getting fight of me, a? I was Raiiding clofe to the edge of the bank, which was near eight feet above ilie level of the water, made at me with great ferocity ; but jull as the creature was about to revenge the death of his dam, I fainted him with a load of large fliot in his right eye, which not only knocked that out, butalfo made him clofe the other; during which time, he turned round feveral times, pawed his face, and roared moll hideoufly. He 343 1778. 344 1778. July. THE FOURTH VOYAGil. He no fooner was able to keep his left eye open, than he made at me again, quite mad with rage and pain ; but when he came to the foot of tiie balik, I gave him a fccond falutc with the other barrel, and blinded him moll completely ; his whole head, was then entirely covered with blood. The fccond (hot made him aft in the fame manner as the fird, until he Ilruck the ground with his feet, when he landed a httJe below me, and blundered into the woods ; knocking his head againll every rock and tree that he met with. . I now perceived that two others had jufl; landed about Uxty yards above me, and were fiercely looking round them. As both my guns were difcharged, the ram-rod of my rifle broken by loading in too great hafle the lafl time, and as I had left my (hot, and ball-bag belonging to the other in the boat, I freely confefs, that I felt myfelf in a very unplcafant lituation. But as no time was to be loll, I darted into the woods and inftantly loaded my double-barrel with powder only ; that I might finge their whifkers at lead, if I were attacked; for the rifle balls were too large. Having loaded my rifle alfo with as much expedition as a broken rod would permit, I returned to my former poll. The bears having advanced a few yards, were at tho edge of the woods, and the old one was looking fternly at me. The danger of firing at her I knew was great, as flie was feconded by a cub of eighteen months ; but I could not refill the temp- tation. She prefenting a fair broad fide to me, I fortunately fent my ball through her heart, and dropped her ; but getting up again, (he ran fome yards into the woods ; where I foon found her dead, without her cub. The captain, his man, and Jack coming up, I was informed that Jack could not get a fhot at the black-bear; but had ihot one of thofe white ones which firft pafTed me ; that the beafl had "1^ THE FOURTH VOYAGE. had landed on this fide of the river, antl had gone upon a fmall barren hill, Ibme httle didancc within the woods, atiii ilicre died ; that they were going after her, but thought it beR to come immediately to my afliflance, \vhen they heard me fire fo often. Leaving them to (kin this bear, I advanced higher up the river, until I came oppofite to a beautiful cataract, and to the end of a fmall woody illand which lies near the fouth Ihorc. There I fat down upon fome bare rocks, to contemplate the fcene before me, and to obferve the manoeuvres of the bears ; numbers of which were then in fight. Thecataract is formed by the river being confined between two elevated points, with a fiat rock extending acrufs the bed of it; the perpendicular fall of which is eight feet ; from whence there was a gradual defcent for about forty yards, Avith feve- ral rude cubical rocks (landing upon it. Thcfe made a mofl: complete and magnificent cafcadc; far (iipcrior to the bcfl ar- tificial one I ever faw. Immediately beneath v/as a deep pool ; and the river widened in a circular form, into a ipacious bafou of three hundred yards diameter, which, taking a fhort turn below, refembled a circular pond. The water being low, there was a ("pace of fome yards between it and the \voods: fome parts were compofed of fragments of rocks ; others, of gravel, fand, or flat rocks, with bulhes of alder growing in their in- terlliccs. The whole was furrounded by fmall, detached hills, covered witli Ipruces and firs, interfperfed with larches, birch, andafpin, forming a moft ple-ifing landlcape; a drawing of which I greatly regretted that I was not able to take. In the lower part of the pool were feveral ifland-rocks, from one to two yards over; with fairnoa innumerable, continually leaping into the air> which had attracted a great concourfe of Vol. U. Y y bears. .^45 1778. « I'M ! M I i,l! 11 'i ■; .A I I f I ' ■ 1.' ! 34^ THE FOURTH VOYAGE. //// ) bears. Some of ilicm were ill vin<3; after tlic filli: and I often ol)(er\e(l tluiii to get upon a rock, from wlicnce they would take a high icai), fall head foreiuoll into the water, dive to the bottom, and come up again at fevcniy or eighty yards dillunce. Odicis again were walking along Ihore ; fome were going into the wooiU, and others coming out. I hail not lilt there long, ere my attention was diverted, from the variety of objeiTis, which at hrll profented ihemfelvcs, to an enor- mous, old, dog bear, which came out of fbme alder-buflies on my right and was walkmg llowly towards me, with his eyes fixed on the ground, and his nofe not far from it ; at the fame time he j)rcfented a fair forehead to me : I turned my fclf round to front him, drew up my feet to elc\ate my knees, on which I relied my elbows, and in that polition fullered him to come within fi\ c yards of me before I drew die trigger; when I placed my ball in the centre of his fcull, and killed him dead : but as the fliore was a flat, reclining rock, he rolled round un- til lie fell into the river; from the edge of which, he dropped at leall four yards. On cafling my eyes around, I perceived another beafl of equal li/c, railed half out of the water. He no fooncr dif- covered me, than he made towards me as fafl as he could fwim. As 1 was not then prepared to receive him, I ran into the woods to make ready my unerring rifle. Whilfl I was em- ployed in that operation, he dived and brought up a falmon ; which he repeatedly toflcd up a yard or two in the air, and, letting it fall into the water, would dive and bring it up again. In this manner he diverled himfelf for fbme time, falling llowly down with the Urcam until he was fhut out from my fight, by fome bulbes, which grew a little lower down. Being now ready, I advanced to the attack, and prefently perceived him, flanding in the water with his fore paws upon a rock, devouring the falmon. ,.«'•• m W^h^ *^ ./../m //// /'/ V.V.V// /W if>,< •a. ^ >•»'• m- c > V-iV^S I ■fi\ i! "S •■? g^,uj)i!J<»> ; "';,; I, OITUS Bl.ANC, /« 7 •/■< •.'•//■<■ . 'liil 'f '"Inl 1 iii: r ■*►; lalmon. I c him, and find rcpall, by fei above his lef knocked hin death for foi on my fide c I found he t could go far. their work, : to (kin the c Never in much as on fined fport t in the box \> be fides a co double barn this mornini which had ( with the ba am certain, brace more two whitc-b many more making an that here, Having and fearins have my re ** '...,- I bears imm ...^*t^-«....: , - ■ nothing to THE FOURTH VOYAGE. lalmon. I crept through the buihes until I came oppofite to him, and finding myfelf then within fifty yards, I interrupted his repail, by fending a ball through his head; it entered a little above his left eye, went out at the root of his right ear, and knocked him over; he then appeared to be in the agonies of death for fome time ; but at lall recovered fufficiently to land on my fide of the river, and to ilagger into the woods; "where I found he bled fo copious a llream, tliat it was impofllble he could go fur. Captain Kettle and his ailillants had now finifhed their work, and joined me a fecond time ; and as I wilhed them to Ikin the other bear, I fent them to him for that purpole. Never in my life did I regret the want of ammunition fo much as on this day; as I was by the failure intcirupted in the fined fport that man ever had. I ufually carried fourteen balls in the box which is in the butt of my rifle, exclufive of the load; befides a couple of bags, tied to my bandoleer, for the ufe of my double barrel ; one containing fix balls, and the other fiiot. But this morning, I had inadvertently negLcled to replenifh the box, which had only feven balls in it, and had Icil my bandoleer with the bags in the boat, as I mentioned before; otherwife I am certain, that I could with great eale have killed four or five brace more. They were in fuch plenty, that I counted thirty two white-bears, and three black ones : but there were certainly many more, as they generally retire into the woods to Ileep after making an hearty meal ; and they could not be long in doing that here, for the river was quite full of lalmon. Having now only two balls left befide that in my rill(% and fearing I might be tempted to fire them, and alterwards have my retreat difputed, or be attacked by one or more enraged bears immediately after I iiad lired a (liot, when I fiiould have nothing to defend myfelf with but the powder only, which was Y y 2 in '77«. f: 348 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. in my Cher gun, I thought it was moil prudent to return to the boat and get a frelh fupply of ammunition. When I got down, I not only found niyfelf very much fatigued, but the day was far fpent, and we had as much other work to do, as the re- mainder of it was competent to. The Sballoway likewife was left in fo expofed a (ituation, that Ihe might eafily be driven from her anchors, if it came on to blow ilrong; I therefore altered my mtention, and waited the return of the other three people. It was not long before they came down ; for they were not able to fkin the bear. Although his body was afloat m water, which was about four feet deep, and nothing but his head refted upon a flat rock, yet they could not lift even that up. It was with the utmofl exertion of their united fl;rength, that they could heave him off' the rock with the aflifl:ance oi leavers ; nor could they cant him on his back, after he was wholly afloat, in order to fkin him in the water ; much lefs were they able to drag him on fhore. We judged him to be as much as twelve hundred weight ; nor could he well be lefs than that, as he flood fix feet high, and his carcafs was as big as that of the largcfl ox I ever faw. Finding themfelves foiled in every other attempt, at length they tied fome dry wind-falls to him and launched him into the flream, in hopes that we might pick him up with the boat ; but the trees came down without the bear, which made us conclude, that he had grounded fomewhcre above. Thus ended in difappointment, the noblefl day's fport I ever faw: for we got only one fkin, although we had killed fix bears, and noL one morfel of flefh ; AV'hicli at this time ^vould have been particularly acceptable, as we iiad eaten nothing of fourteen hours. The black-bear which I faw crofs the river, appeared to fwim very heavily ; and I do not believe that they can dive and catch filh in deep water, but content themfelves with walk- t si. //,\s/\v MAi^rmirs I HI '/////,h'////I Syi'X\' (111 ( i/(^i/r/i o/u/N/dJ ' ('.) -/HUii 'Ihj/K^Nii/' I'/iuhuiY '/ lii/uri'//,' , (W/iJ/u'i-f<'/ir ,h\> 1 ; () I U S P O T . A 1 1 M : f " '"""^ "" '' '''^"'"'"^ ' ^'./()' ///. j/. il ./>.- THE FOURTH VOYAGE. ing along the fliores, where the water is not out of their depth, . ^ to pick up the offals which are left by the white ones and otters ; J"' • or fuch as die of their wounds and drive on Ihore; but they will catch fifh in fliallow flreams, and rake up clams and odicr fhellfilh. When they hrll come out of their caves in the fpring, for want of better food, I have obferved that they eat dead grafs; they alfo feed on ants and other infecls which they get out of rotten windfalls; thefe they tear to pieces for that pur- pofe, but when Empetrum Nigrum is ripe, they feed almoft wholly on the berries; which not only make them fat, but alfo give their flefh a very good flavour. As they have no chance with a white-bear, they always avoid the unequal com- bat; and I do believe they will attack no animal that is able to make a ftout refinance: c en the porcupine, I am inclined to think, they do not molell, for I never law or heard of one, which had any of the quills of that creature in him. Being now all affcmbled, we picked up the killicks and buoys, which we (lowed in the falmon-houfe along with fuch other things as I intended Ihould remain there during the winter. We then took the nets and moorings into the yawl, and rowed on board tlie Otter, whicli we reached at ten o'clock at night, as tired and ravenous as a pack of foxlioimds after a haid dav. The weather was cold and cloudy till noon, after wliicli die Iky cleared, and it grew^ very liot. At three this morning wc ^veighcd and failed i\)V Paradifc. T.i.MrJay v. At eight it fell calm, and we came to an anchor, v.' hen, I went off in the yawl with two hands to look at a finall brook, which empties itfelf on the fouth fide of Eall Arm. It appeared likely to have fome beave rs on it ; there was a good rubbing- place near the mouth, where ibme excellent fpais grew. On my return to the Otter, which was then under fail, I found Mr. CoUingham on board; he was going in a fkiff \vith three hand'j. 349 N. fV. /i.'t.'t. calm. A'. A'. F, liuU. ! "I m w :s 3r)0 . — ^ — , 177S. irinu X. r.. E. l-'rid.iy o\. vn rinl'lr aihl lillle. Saturday 25. S.IV. Utile. Simd.iy 26, variable . Utile. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. hands, tc» join tlic people at the flagc, as the fahnon-fifhcry was quite o\'cr. At fix in the evening we came to an anchor off the f'oiilli point of Drunken Cove; from wlience I went to Paradilc in tlic yawl. Molt of the nets were taken up; there were hut very low fiQi to be caught, and thofc were only poolers. Filly tierces were packed, they had found boih the feals \vhich I fliot when lalt here, and they had lately killed a black-bear \vith a tailed gun; but he \vas fpoilt before they knew it. A clear hot day. At three this nK)rning we got under ^\'eigh and endeavoured to tow up the river ; but the current runinng too Ibong, I landed the crew, and they tracked the Ihalloway up to Paradife by fix o'clock. Tlie boat was immediately unloaded, and fome traps, with a few odd trifles, were put on board from the _win- ter-houfe. After this I \vent up the river in the yawl to look for a loading of wood : but finding very little felled, I fixed on a place for that purpofi?, and tailed a trap foia bear. The fal- moniers were packing fifh, and the coopers trimming tierces. A bright, hot da)\ The falmonicrs and coopers were employed as yellerday. Captain Kettle and his crew felled fome rafters and longers, Ihc weather was the fame as yellerday. The captain and his crew felled fome more rafters, brought all down, and flowed them on board the Otter. A white-bear was feen this afternoon on Rafpberry Point ; I went after him but he was gone. In the evening I faw a black-bear going towards the trap ; and upon fl^llowing him, found that he had taken the bait, without flriking up the trap. Dull in the morning, but clear and hot all the reft of the day; in the evening we had a thunder fhoAver. At THE I'OURTH VOYAGE. 35^ At tliicc tills morning I went down with llic Otlcr to Drunken Cove, and took in all the woud which was lIiltc. I then came back and put on board all the beams and longers which lay be- low the wintcr-houfe, toiA up the traip and brought in lome cordage and other things from the ruluKjn-poll. Hot AN'Cathcr. Having got on board a few beams from above the falmon-pod, at nine o'clock we failed for Caribou Callle ; where we arrived at four in the afternoon. I brouirht down alfo a Ikiff, with a couple of hands, to whom I gave two barrels of pork ; and fent them back at five in the evening. We then took on board fome beams, longers, and blubber-calks; alfo the three hogs, with fonie other things; and at midniffht I'ailed for the llage. Clear and hot till two o'clock, cloudy afterwards. , — -^ — . .778. Mond.iy 27. S. \V.J'"Jh. TiK'l'd.iy ?.8. .S'. w. niviieiuti'. X. ir. lilUe. A'. A-. F.. model I' le. We arrived at theflasje at four this mornit;"'; at wbicli time Wedrcf. 2<). the (horcmen were jull coming out of it. I found three hun- dred and twenty quintals of filh on Ihoie, one fmall pile w.'.s made, and five boats were at fea; but no bails were to be had. mcd-^-^ic. At noon Mr. Daubeny went away in the baiilksff fov Table Bay, in quell of baits. We unloaded part of tlie timber out of the Otter. The boats came m between {\vc and lix this e\ening, with fortv quintals of fifli. Clear till the afternoon, wlici: it grew dull and rained. Having landed mod of the timber out of the Otter. I had llie Tinrrdiv 30, inner end of the llage covered. At nine o'clock I went off in a (kiffwith four hands to Tern Illand, where I fpread fume old falmon-nets on the rocks, (hot twenty-t\\'0 terns, an eider-duck, r. and a fea-parrot ; ill of yhich I gave to the boats for baits ; they were then filhing off Long Illand. After that, I went to the ^' ^' head of Curlew Harbour, and there killed a young hind, wliicii had •^"'' y,,. , A,. Frul.iy ,1 1 . A'. A', ii: tiwiieiuti:. S. S. F. frrjl,. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Iiiul loR. \\cx ciilf and was in tolerable order. I got back at night, and found the boats had returned with Torty-one quintals of hfh. A liazv dav, with a little rain in the evening. I had the deer Ikinned this moniing, and lent the two fore quarters out to the boat> u \ baits. At ten o'clock, Mr. Daubcnv returned without any thing. I Iv. had been to Sandliill Cove, and had i'een tl:c crew there; from whom, he brought me a letter from my brother John. He was informed by thofe people, that on the eighteenth of May lafl, a flat having been carelefsly left upon the ice, near their winter-houfe, it was carried away when the ice broke up; and that John Wrixon witli one of his people got upon a pan of ice with an intent to follow it, but, that they had not been heard of fince. He alfo was told that William Phippard and his crew, -who wintered in Ivucktokc Bay, had killed but very few furs themlclves; but they had bought a good deal from fcvcn families of Mountaineer Indians, ^vhich they met with there ; and that they could have got much more, had they been provided with fome goods and fpirituous liquors. At Sandhill Cove, the crew faid they had cau'^ht a hundred and twenty tierces of falmon ; but from the number of faltingcafks which they had full, 1 eflimate them at fevent)'- tierces only. I lint the baitfkilf's crew to Tern Ifland, wliere they got feventten terns out of the nets, and fliot eight more ; all of which they gave; to the boats, and the latter brought in twenty -one quintals of rdh. The crews faid, that they faw cap- lin, about Green Illand. 'i'hc fliorcnien carried out the watcr- horfe, and made more flakes. The Otter was cleared. The Marten did not go to fea till noon; having broke one of her rudder irons ycReiday. A clear day. The THE FOURTH VOYAGE. The baitlkifr went out this morning in queft of the caplln, but could not meet with them. The fhoremen wafhed out two bulks of fifh, and did other neceflTary work. The boats brought in but twelve quintals of fifh this evening. 1 he Caplin baitfkiU' being now fitted for fifhing, I had her got afloat. Dull till noon, fome rain afterwards. Dull till noon, continual rain afterwards. I fent the Caplin to fea this morning along with the fliallops. Martin Kidney, who is baitmaller, and a fplittcr, unfortunately trod upon an old hoop, on which lay a drawing knife, that he had been working with, and thereby had the tendon of his heel divided. I was immediately called, and upon examining the wound, could plainly difcern the articulation of the ancle joint. By my directions, Mr. Daubeny performed the future as defcribed by Dr. Turner, in his Treatifc on Surgery. At noon I went out in the Lance baitfkifl", and landed on Round Ifland, where I killed a leveret, an eider-duck and two gulls. I faw a brace of old hares, and obfervcd the ifland to be well flocked with them. In the mean time I fent the boat to Tern Ifland, where they found near forty terns in the nets, and divi- ded them among the boats. They then rowed round Green Ifland to look for caplin, but could not find any. We fprcad the watcr-horfe and all the green fifli. The boats brought in twenty three quintals of fifh : fome few had frcfli caplin in them ; which I fuppofe, were fome fcattcrcd ones A cloudy morning, but the refl of the day was clear and hot. We had upwards of forty terns out of the nets. The boats brought in thirty quintals of filh. We fpread all the fifh which wanted it. A very fine day. Vol. II. Z z I fent 353 Sunday a. fV, mod'rale. S. Monday 3, /('. li!tl(. />-'A A'. M /r. frtjli. A'. W. Tiiprday 4, lariahU, litlU. i I', ill l\' 'ilia IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^^. 1.0 1^ 1.1 ^ ^ ■2.2 ^ us. 12.0 IL25 imu i 1.6 VI 71 y / Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WIST MAIN STRKT WEBSTIR.N.Y. U5S0 (716) 872-4503 <■< ^^ ^' ^ o \ ^_ ^' ^^ 4 o^ 354 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. Auguft. Wcdnef. 5. IVind S. W. tittU. 1. ThurfJay 6. 5. S. E. litllt, Jrtjh. Friday 7. N.E. Jroag. yrifi. Saturday 8« light airs, variable. SHiiday 9. 5. moicrali, 8.1V. I fent the Otter to Caribou and Paradife. We had feventy terns out of the nets. Mr. Daubeny and I went round Black- guard Bay in a fkifF, with two hands, in quell ot baits, but found none : we faw a flock of curlews, being the firft this year. The boats brought in twenty quintals of fifh and reported., that they faw plenty of caplin in deep water; but as the leafon is fo far advanced, I fear they were midaken, and that we Ihall have none this year. We fpread a deal of fifli to-day. A clear, hot day. The boats brought in twenty quintals of fifli and reportet^ that they faw great numbers of birds ftriking at baits, near the Cape. A hazy, hot day, and at night it rained very hard. The feine was hauled to day by the ilage, and took fome fmall lance. The (horemen made a bridge up the hill between tlie ilage and the flakes. The boats brought in but one quintal of fifli to-day ; owing, I hope, to the bad weather : but I f* ar the want of baits has made them quit thefe ledges ; as they have never been in great plenty, nor are they well fed this year. One flock of curlews appeared. Fog and fmall rain all day. I fent the Caplin with five hands to the fouthward; in quefl; of baits. After dinner I went to Slink Point, and tried it for hares, but found none. The boats brought in thirteen quintals . of fifli. A fair day, but it rained in the evening. The Caplin returned at ten o'clock at night, with twenty buckets of good lance, which they hauled in Sandhill Cove. At midnight the Otter returned from Paradife. Rained all day. Wc Atlgufla Monday to, WindN.E. N.E, THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 355 We hauled the feine twice to-day by the ftage, and took four buckets of good lance ; I then fent the Caphn to Sandhill Q)ve. Three boats returned with twenty-three quintals of fiOi ; the other two ilaid out. A few fmall flocks of curlews were feen to-day. Dull, heavy weather. After breakfaft I took two boys with me in the Roebuck, ^'S''',**/ and went round Ilthmus Bay to look for feme clay, but could not find any. We faw fome geefe which had got into feather again ; alfo killed a black, and an eider-duck. In the evening the Beaver, Wolvering and Marten brought in thirty-feven quintals of fifh ; the other two boats remained on the ledge. At night a fkiff from Paradife, with three coopers from thence, and the two trom White-bear River, came here and reported that, yefterday, between a hundred and fifty, and two hun- dred Indians went up White-bear River in a great number of canoes; which had fo terrified the coopers there, that they im^ mediately fled to Paradife; from whence they came this morn- E.ff. e. ing. I much doubt the truth of this report. Cloudy in the morning, but afterwards the day proved a charming one for fifh: and we fpread above two hundred quintals, which wanted much to be expofed to the fun. At five this morning I fent the Para ' fe coopers off for that, Weinen ta place ; and they were to land captain Kettle and his boy at Ca- ribou in their way. At the fame time I fent Mr. Collingham, with the other two, to White-bear River, and fet off myfelf for that place alfo, in the Roebuck, with four hands. At ten at night we got up to the falmon-pofl:, where we found all fafe, and no appearance of any Indians having been near the houfe. I fliot an eider-duck. A clear, warm day. Zz 2 At TV. fV. modtralt. •^\v, '1 ' H r •« '. ■m ,;i !■ \> 35^ THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. ■Augiid. Thurlilay 13. Wind N IK liUlt. E. fujh. little. I'rid.iy I 4. A', ty E. Aard, Sauirday i-j. Jr. modcrale. t. S. S. E. fr'JI'- At one this morning Mr. Collingham arrived, and at eight I went down the river to examine fome fandy beaches; but find- ing no fign of Indians, I returned to the houfe, and then fet out for the Itage again. The coopers ftill perfifting in their ftory, I brought one of them down the river with me, and examined Dove, and Separation Point; but finding no other foot-marks there, than thofe of wolves and black-bears, I fent him back by land, and proceeded on my way, until I came to the deeped cove under Mealy Mountains ; there, the wind coming a head and blowing afrefh, I went in, hauled up the (kiff, pitched my tent and remained all night. I faw fome frefli flot of deer, and the tracks of wolves and bears on the fhore, and found Ibme good rinds in the woods. A cloudy day, and it rained all night. At fix this morning we launched the fkifF and rowed along Ihore about three miles, then fet the forefail and ran acrofs the bay to the fouthward of Earl Ifland, and got to Caribou at three in the afiernoon. It rained till fun-rife, then was foggy till noon, and it rained hard again for the remainder of the twenty-four hours. At eight this morning I went off for the ftage, and took cap- tain Kettle and his boy along with me. I walked round to Laar Cove, and killed four young black-ducks by the way. The (hiff met me there, and took in the traps which had been left at that place. From thence we went to the eallern part of Huntingdon Ifland, where I landed and walked part of the way up the high, barren hills, and met with a good deer-path; but feeing no very frelh flot I returned to the boat, and crofled to Venifon Head. I landed there, took a couple of boys with me, and walked acrofs to Blackguard Bay, as the flciff was too deep to venture round that headland with all of us on board; there THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 357 fhera being a good deal of fwcll. I faw abundance of frefli Hot on the head, took the boat again on the call lidc, and got fafc to the flage at dark. ; where I found all well, but very little fifh caught during my abfence. The Caplin was gone to Sandhill Cove again. ., A fine day. .778. Augiid, I broke the neck of an eider-duck with my rifle, at a hundred Sunday iS. yards diftance. ^ "''"f J N. IV. /mart. It was clear during the middle of the day, but the reft of it ;V. was Ihowery. ^* ^- ^• mcderalt. Part of the fhoremen were employed in making a beach near the ftage, and the reft were at work on a new houfe for them- felves. After breakfaft, I took Jack, with another boy and went to Round Iftand. I killed a hare and a groufe ; and Jack, a hare. We tailed a trap for otters at the eaft end of Great Ifland. At noon the Caplin returned after delivering to each of the boats, five buckets of good lance ; they did not come in at night, having caught no filh. The Caplin went back to Sandhill Cove immediately. Foggy morning, clear day, and cloudy with fliowers in the evening. Monday 1 7. A', ir. little. S. E. E. IV. N. li'. \m: !1 ! '.[. The fhoremen were employed as yeftcrday : one fide of their new houfe was blown down laft night, but ^vc fct it up again and fecured it. The boats did not come in tliis evening. Cur- lews are fo fcarce this year, that very few have been leen, and not one killed yet. Rainy ;:,nd cold in the morning, but fair all the reft of the day. . After Tucfilay 18, N.W.fnfi. mod(raUf ■ I i H\ ' t'i. 358 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Auguft. Wcdnef. tg. Wind After breakfaft I took Jack and David in the Roebuck, looked at the trap, and then he went into South Eaft Cove ; there wc landed and walked up the valley, at the Jicad of which we di- vided ; Jack going towards the head of Curlew Harbour, and I to the right. Jack met with a (laggard and a young deer, and killed the former ; I killed a brocket. After breaking up my deer, and difpofing of the venifon out of the reach of wolves or foxes. Jack came to tne; I then fent him back with the other boy to break up his deer, and returned to the boat myfelf, which I reached at nine at night ; when, having nothing to eat nor any thing to make a fire with, I lay down to fleep. We each of us killed a curlew and faw a good many more, but they were very (hy. A cloudy and very cold day. Thurfday 20. A little after one this morning, the boys came back ; at two, it began to rain, thunder and lighten very dreadfully, which continued till pad eight. We went home at four, and then I fent eight men in two fkiffs along with the boys, to fetch home the venifon; who returned with it at nine. Jack faw another deer and three foxes, but had not his gun. At fix this morning, the Stag came in with the fifh of all the boats, amounting to nine quintals only ; the boatfmafter informed me, that he faw a vefTel working in here yefterday, and gave her chafe until the wind and fea obliged him to defift ; foon after which, he faw her (land out to fea again. At noon, Mr. Daubeny failed in the Stag in qucft of the above vclFel; which we fuppofemuft be the Conntefs of Effingham. At the fame time, I faw a boat (land- ing to the northward, at a great diftance from the (hore. This boat proved to be the Beaver ; fhe came in at fun-fet, when the boatfmafler informed me, thai he had been in chafe of the vefTel, but could not Ipcak with her. I had a (lagftaff fet up. Very 5. E frrjh. s.w. IV. W. fqutlly. K. E. tvLerutt. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 359 Very hot from eight in the morning till five in the evening, but cooler afterwards. Frid.iy ai. H'ini N. hard ^alet At eight this morning the vcfTcl was difcovcred about four or five miles to windward of Blackguard Bay : fhe could have come into the harbour very eafily ; but hauling her wind, fhe weatheted the Gannets, and ftood out to fea again ; which makes me not know what to think, although jby my glafs I could plainly defcry her to be a (hip and am certain Ihe is mine. I immediately ran to the top of the highefl hill, and fet fire to fome buQies there, but Ihe took no notice of it. I then returned and fent captain Kettle, with four hands in the Otter, out after her. In the evening I faw him bear away round Black Iflands; it then blowing very hard with a high fea. I weighed the vcni- fon; the quarters of Jack's deer were one hundred and forty- five pounds; thofe of mine, one hundred and nineteen pounds. Exceedingly cold and dark weather. I went feveral times upon the hill to-day, to look out for the Sawriiay 22. fhip and boats; but could fee none of them until pafl three in j^t ^^,,^,, the afternoon: then I difcovered the Ihip coming in from fea, and the Wolvering from Black Iflands ; whereupon I fent a fkiff out to meet the fhallop, and order her to fpeak with the fliip. At dnflc the latter came fafc to an anchor in the harbour, and proved to be the G)untefs of Effingham, David Kinloch mailer, laden with fait from Lifbon ; which place ihe left on the fourth of July. She brought the firfl intelligence of hofli- lities being commenced by Great Britain againd France, by the taking of a forty gun fhip and two frigates. Kinloch made Cape St. Francis on the fourteenth inflant ; and had met with very bad weather ever fince. The Beaver; Wolvering, and Squirrel came in this evening, and brought twelve quintals of nodtfatei- fifh; /rc/». f 3(So >v 1778. AlllTUll, Suntlay 23. li'ixd N. IK mcdtrate. N. N.E. E. N.E. N. W. Monday 24. N. E. fre/Ii. mederaif. Tuefdciy 25, 5. Utt!:. N. hard. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. fifh ; they informed mc, that they faw the Marten beating up between Black. Illands and the Cape land. A cloudy morning; but as the day advanced, the (ky cleared. Early this morning I fent the Wolvcring on a cruife to the foutlnvard, after the mifling boats. The ftiip moored in her birth. I gave all hands two pounds of venifon each for dinner. Jack took a walk to the other end of this ifland, where he faw a filver-fox, and fliot fix curlews. After dinner I went with all my family to Slink Point, where we picked a bowl full of baked apples ; I alfo fliot two groufc, and Jack five. In the evening, the Martin came in ; fhe had ridden the gale out, under North Head. At ten at night the Otter returned ; fhe had torn her fails very much in the gale on Friday lafl, and had taken flielter between the two Black Iflands ; where captain Kettle informs me, there is a good harbour for fhips. The wolvering met with her there, gave her fome provifions, and then worked into Gready Harbour. A cloudy day. The falt-houfe was cleared, in order to unload the brig. I took a walk to the far end of this illand, where I faw feveral curlews, and killed one. It was dull till three o'clock, but clear after, and very cold all day. At day -light this morning, Mr. CoUingham came from White- bear River in a fkiff, with the two coopers, having packed all the falmon; which produced, fixty-two tierces. A bulk of fifti was wafhed out ; and all thofc which were dry, were put into pile. After breakfad I went in the Roebuck, with two boys, to Round Ifland ; wliere I killed a brace of hares, a brace of groufe, and 36 1 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. and a curlew. In the afternoon, all the boats came in, and brought twelve quintals of fifti ; many of them were very large. The baitfkifF brought no baits ; in the evening they hauled in White Cove, but got nothing. Mr. Daubeny came lad from Indian Ifland ; which place he has marked for a fealing-pod for me: he there found abundance of curlews and killed forty-two ; he likewife met with great plenty of good fifli about that liland. Cloudy till noon, clear afterwards. This morning the Stag and Squirrel were laid on fiiore ; the Wedm-r. 26. reft of the fhallops, together with the baitlkiff, were viftuallcd '*'""' for a fortnight, and fent to the foulhward in quell of fifli. At three in the afternoon, a fliip was dilcovered to the callward of the Sifters, ftanding in for this place; I fent Mr. Daubeny off" to her, in a fkiff with four hands, and foon after perceived, that ftie had my baitfkiff" in tow. A cloudy day. littit. fujh. S. IV. n.odtratt. S. S. I(\ At one o'clock this morning, I was alarmed by a loud rapping T! irfjay 27 at my door, which when I had opened, a body of armed men ruftied in; they informed me that they belonged to die Minerva privateer, of BoUon in New-England, commanded by John Grimes; mounting twenty nine-^ »rndcrs, and manned with a hundred and ftxty men; and, ^l^t I was their prifoner. They then demanded all my keys, took polfeftion of both my veftels; alfo the Otter, then full of goods which flie was going to land from the brig, and of all my Itores, which were on fliore. About nine, the Minerva worked into Blackguard Eay, and came to an anchor there. I then went on board her, and was received with civility by captain Grnnes ; who told me that, fome days ago, he had entered Temple Bay and taken three veflels from Noble and Pinion, which he had filled with fifh, and ftores from the fliore and fent off" for Bofton. He faid Vol. II. 3 A that I I 3C2 rriday c8, tV:>id N. iUdt. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. that many of the fifhcrmcn had entered witlihim; among whom, were two men who had lately lived witii nic, and wlio had iiifonncd him where I lived. From thence he went to Charles Harbour, where he had taken one wflcl from Mr. Sladc, another from Mr. Seydcs, and had plundered my poffcf- lions there and at Ranger Lodge ; at the former place another man who lived with mc lull year, and one of my iahnoniers at the latter, had entered with liim. I requeued the releaicment of Mr. Dmibcny , who ^vas kept prifoner on board, but he would not orant it. He fcnt an officer and a party of men in my baitlkififto Caribou Caillc, to plunder there alfo. The fkilF was piloted by tliat villain Dominick Kinnien, who went out ■haitniaflcr of her for the firft time but yefterday; and who, together wiih his whole crew of fix men, had entered with the pnvaicci s people the inftant they got on board. In the courfe of the (lay, tlicy {hipped what ^va8 in the Otter on board the Countcfs of Eflingham, and in the evenirjg fent her oflP for Bolton. In going out of tlic harbour, they ran her on Ihore off the low point on the eafl fide, but foon got her off again, and went to lea through the north-eafl paflagc. In the night I flip- ped a Ikilf out of the harbour with four hands, to inform the boats, and order them to go into North Harbour, in Table i?ny. A fine, clear day. The Minerva came into the harbour this morning, where flic moored, and filled her empty water-caflis. The Otter and Stag were fent to Caribou, to bring down what was there ; and they fliipped ofi' fome of my dry fifii, and mod of the goods which were here. By this time, many of my people had en- tered on board the privateer, and fome of them had informed tlie captain of the four men going away in the flciff lafl; night ; which enraged him and his people fo much, that I found it prudentj THE FOURTH VOYAGE. prudent, to fend Indian Jack by land, with orders for the boats to come in here. A cloudy day. 3^3 J ' 1778. AiiguR. 21/. littlr and In the courfe of this day, the remaining part of the dry lllh, Satuday and mofl of the goods which were here, were (hipped olf on board the Reconciliation. In the afternoon, the three fhallops which were out a fifhing, came into the harbour, the people were let on Ihorc, and the fails were ujibent : but the Indian boy, was kept on board. In the afternoon, the furgcon of the privateer drove the two Indian women on board, and the child, Phillis, was foon lent after them. In the night, the Otter and the Stag returned from Caribou, with all my property from that place. At fupper, having heard that they intended to fend to Paradife and White-bear River for what was there, I dropped a hint, of expe6ting a frigate here immediately ; and it had the defired effe6h * Early this morning, I found the enemy in a great buftle. Si.mJ.y 30. They took on board the privateer, all the goods which had been ■^' «<"'"■«"• brought down from Caribou, except a chcfl: of baggage, which Grimes returned ; but many things were pillaged out of it. He then gave me a linall quantity of provilions, returned my boats and moll ol" their fails, and by noon, the lliip together with my brig went to lea through W'cllern 'I'icklcN and ftccred away north-call by eail; palling to the wcllward of the Gannct Iflands. May the devil go with them ! The Minerva's guns iornicrly belonged to one of hismajelly's frigates, which was call away near Bollon ; I think the Syren. The firfl lieutenant s name is Carlton ; the third, Cufliin ; the mafler's, Ogilvie ; lieutenant of the marines, Larey ; and the 3 A 2 furgeon's, ■M'. 3^1 •778. THK FOURTH VOYAGE. furgeoii's, riliot. Curlton and Flliot arc two of as great villains as any iinhrin'»c(l; tin- otliirr three behaved exceeding well, par- ticularly Mr. Ogilvic, of wliofc civilities I Ihall ever retain a inoU gtateliil rcnicmbrai'.cc. I Ihould be particularly happy to have it in my power tu reward properly the infamous behaviour of (Carlton and Klliot; and the villainy of Thomas Adams, lately a mate in the lerviec of Noble and I'infon ; alfo of Michael Bryan, Luke Ryan, Dennis Ryan, and Dominick Kinnicn, lately my fcrvants, who were by far the mo(k a6livc in didrelfing me. They were tlic perfons who gave information where I lived, ]iiloted the fliip to this place, and difcovcred to the enemy the j)laces where great part of my property lay. Grimes is a lying rafcal ; for, he voluntarily made me many promifes, and after- wards broke them all. Many of my people entered, and went away in the privateer ; and mod of the remainder would have done (o likewife, under the apprehenfion of being left here deftitute of the means either of fubfiding, or getting off the ifland : but I thought it my duty to my king and country, even in my then dillreflcd fituation, to prevent the defertion. Grimes turned two rafcals on fliore again, and I immediately gave them a moft fevcre beating with a flout flick. The refl of this day was fpent in landing the provifions which Grimes had returned, and in picking up the few things which were left fcattered up and down ; and I had the pleafure to find, that they had forgot a puncheon of olive oil, and my three live fwine. As foon as they were gone, I took up my gun, walked out upon the ifland and fhot a curlew. A very fine day. Alifl THE FOURTH VOYAGE. A liji of my people who rutcrcd on bocrti the priualccr vo- luntarily, and alfo of thofc xo/io wtre impreffcd ; d^flini^uijliitig thr flatiom m which they were employed, at the tivie they quitted my fervice : Entered at Charles Harbour, John Downing, falmonier. Entered at Great fjland, 'John Kettle, mafler of the Re- David Kennedy, youngfler ; conciliation. William Raylie, ditto; William Johnilon, mate of the James Clcary, ditto ; Reconciliation. Edward Fling, ditto. Thomas Cahill, boatfmafler. John Scanncl, apprentice. Dominick Kinnien, baitmafter. James Hoben, failor ; Nicholas Power, midfhipman; James Simon, ditto; Richard Whelan, ditto ; John Conake, ditto; Darby Sullivan, ditto. Thomas (a boyj ditto; Jof. Flemming, forefhectman ; Angel Bennet, ditto; Murtough Kelly, ditto ; John Sheehy, ditto. John Dalton, fplitter. Michael Downey, header ; Michael Rielly, ditto. Patrick Carrol, cooper. Patrick Bryan, youngfler ; Cornelius Keef, ditto ; Thomas Denn, ditto ; Thomas Dawfon, ditto ; Patrick Sheehy, ditto ; Martin Cornelius, do. ) Dutch- I. P. Edzard, ditto. ) men. Jack, a boy about i / years old ; Cuttook, a woman about 26' ; Twcegock, a woman about 18; Phillis, a girl 34, daughter to Tweegock. The lall four areEfquimaux, and my houfehold fervants; who were carried away, to be made Haves of. Total 36. The * On being informed by the officers of the privateer, that Kettle had enteied with them, as a prize-roafter, I expollulated with him ; and endeavoured to perfuadc him, to .3^. ;! I K\ ,s65 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. «77». AvigiiP. The crew of the Minerva was compofed of a variety of nations ; but the major part of them, were Enghfh and Irifli ; and the officers fold mc, that they had not above ten native Americans amongd them. Grimes is the fon of a fuperannuated boatfwain at Poitfmouth ; * Ogilvic, a Scotchman, and formerly a mate of an Eall Inuiaman ; t Larcy, an Irifliman ; § Elliot, was born in the Tower of London ; % Carlton and || Cufhen, v/ere the only native Americans I faw ; the latter, is defcended from an opulent family of that name at Boflon, w.'io were prin- cipal owners of the fiiip, and he was much of a gentlemen in his behaviour : the other, was formerly a Marble-head filher- man, and as great a villain as any this day unhung. Jufl; before they failed, as I was begging a few nails of Mr. Grimes, Carlton, who Avas walking the quarterdeck, flopped fhort and faid to me, " G-d d — n you, fir, if I commanded this fliip, I would " not lea\'^e you a ng to your a — e by G-d ; I would carry off •• all I could ; and what I could not, 1 would burn ; then, if •* you to continue firm on the fide of his king and country; upon which he pretended, that he was only taking the advantage of going as pafTenger to Bofton, in order to get to England from ihcncc. The next year, lie went to England and complained, that on his arrival at Bofton, he was confined a prifoner, until he was exchanged ; and he compelled mc to pay him, ail the wages which were due to him at the time he entered on board the privateer. I was afterwards informed, that all the reft of the traitors (who entered from me and the other merchants on the coaft, in expcflation of fharing the plunder) were ferved in the fame manner. Grimes artfully held out a (hare of the booty, to inveigle the fiQiermen to enter with him, in order that he might replace thofe men whom he had fent away in the different prizes; othcrwife he would not liave had men enow left, to navigate his own fhip : but on his arrival at Bofton, he threw them a!! into prifon. to cheat them of their (hare of the prize-money. The villains were ferved right, and Grimes afled in charatfcr, * The failing niafter. + Lieutenant of marines. . •" ^ Surgeon. *y Firft lieutenant. • , il Third lieutenant. .. . , ,' THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 3^7 " you, and thofe who remain with you, could not eat thofe " rocks ( pointing to the Ihore j you might ftarve and be '♦ d d." 1778. Aug.ift. We waflied out the remainder of the fifh that was left in the ftage. Two of the men who Avent away in the fkiff ap- peared upon Shnk Point this forenoon. I feiit a boat for them, and after dinner, had them landed on tlie fouth-eafl fide of the harbour, with orders to return to North Harbour, where the other two were, to haul the (kiff up there, and then all to come home ; and they accordingly returned in the evening. I then muftered my people, and found, that the remaining number, including the man at Ranger Lodge, and the crew at Paradife, amounted in the whole to thirty-fevcn. And, upon the bcfl calculation we were able to make, we judged, that I cannot be lefs than fourteen thoufand pounds worfefor this vifit; which I have great reafon to fear, will prove my ruin. Had not this hap- pened, we had calculated upon fifteen hundred pounds profit on the year's work. As the goods which the Americans took from me, were fuch as they were greatly dillrcired for at Bofion, they valued their capture at fcvcnty thoufand pounds. I fhot a brace of curlews to-day, and ihc flciff's-ciew brought a porcupine. A cloudy day. .1 made preparations for fending two Ihallops to Newfound- land ; we laid one of them on fhoie to clean her bottom, and got her off again in the evening. Mr. Ccllinghani went to Cari- bou, to fee what was left there, x Ihot one curlew. It rained all day. Monday 31 Wind N. E. frrjk. K. Sej)temlcr. Tiicfciay 1. I wrote 368 THE FOURTH VOYAGE, 1778. September. Wcdnef. £. IVindS. fV. moderate. Tliurrday 3, '^•/mart. Friday 4. A'. E. Jlrong. I wrote fevcral letters. Mr. CoUingham returned at noon and faid, that nothing was left at Caribou befides my bed, a few bad pcafe, fome kegs of four oaimeal and the old feal-nets ; they even took the dial-plate, off the poll in the garden. A dull day. At two this afternoon, Mr. Daubeny failed in the Stag with four hands for Charles Harbour; from whence he is to go on to Newfoundland, to purchafe fome provifions and a few other neceffaries. At the fame time captain Kinloch failed in the Wolvering for St. John's, in Newfoundland, with the failors ; where he is to fell the boat and endeavour to procure a veffel, to carry the fiilmon and the remainder of the codfiih to market. It rained till noon, and was cloudy afterwards. Mr. CoUingham failed in the Otter with four hands to Caribou, While-bear River and Paradife. A (kiff went to the ifthmus, to fetch away \vhat things were left in the (kiff in North Har- bou-^ and to remove her to a better place ; (he returned at eleven at night. I took a walk to the north-eaft end of the ifland, where I tailed a trap for the fox, which had been feen fome time ago, and killed a curlew. Some fliowers of rain. Saturday 5. Sunday 6. tariadlf and vtoderatti We had a heavy gale of wind with continual rain all this day, which prevented any work from being done. The green fi(h being in a (late of taking damage, we fpread it all ; alfo, the half-cured (idi which the Americans had thrown out of pile ; the latter we piled again, and made up the former into faggots. After breakfad, I took Smith with me and croffed the harbour in a (kiff to the fouth-eaff (hore, where we picked up THE FOURTH VOYAGE. up an oar, fome planks, and other things which had driven away in the late confufion, and Smith killed a brace of groufe, a brace of curlews, and a grey plover. Cloudy day. My new houfe which was building, was pulled down; and the materials carried into the ftage, to be ready to be fent up the harbour, where I intend to build a houfe for myfelf to live in this winter; becaufe I am fure we fliall be i'o Ihort of provifions, that if we have not good fucccfs with our traps and guns, we muft all inevitably periQi for want of food, before a veflel can poflibly arrive next fummer ; and there is no chance of killing much about Caribou. Cloudy, with fog, and fome rain. We fpread the green fifli, and heaved a fmall pile. After breakfafl; I carried another trap to the farther end of the ifland, and tailed it by a pond there for the fox ; but when I came to that one, which I put out on Friday lafl, I found him in it. He proved a very fine filver-fox, and is the only one we know of upon this illand. 1 then tailed that trap for a goofe, and fliot two ravens. After dinner I took Martin with me, who is now pretty well recovered from his wound, and went in the Roebuck to look at the place, where I intend buiUling my winlcr-houfe; we law fome gcefe, and found two good fox-paths. Foggy in the morning, but clear ai'terwurds. We fpread the green fifli, put it into pile lliis evening, and heaved one pile. After brcakfall, I took three traps up to the higheft part of this ifland and tailed them for hares. At noon, we faw a fhallop coming in here from the fouthward. Fearing a privateer's crew might be in her, I armed all my people with guns, flicks or ftones, and^ placed them in ambufli behind one Vol. II. 3 B of 369 17787^ September. Monday 7. S. £. frtlh. Tucfdav 8, S. S. £'. S. 5. \V. 370 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. September. Thurrday 10. mnd S. f'-'J* jpriday 1 1 , S. S. E. mlderati. Saturday 12. W.frejh. ff. Sunday 13. N.£. Monday 14, .V. N. IV. frtjil. of the window-leaves of the (lage ; but it proved to be WiUiam Phippard, who is going with four hands to winter in Ivucktoke Bay. He informed me that the privateer had plundered the merchants, in Temple Bay and Charles Harbour, very feverely; by his account, more fo than they did me. A very fine day. Early this morning, Phippard failed for Ivucktoke. I had the bulkheads of the Marten knocked down, and loaded her with timber, for my winter-houfe. After breakfaft, I took two hands in the Roebuck and went to Long liland, where I killed three leverets, three gulls, and a lord; In the mean time the two men were fifliing, but caught nothing. I looked at the traps on this ifland and had a goofe in one of them. A cloudy, warm day. I fent the Marten up the harbour, where fhe unloaded and. "eturned at night. A foggy, rainy day. After breakfaft, I took two hands with me in the Roebuck, and went round Blackguard, and Ifthmus Bay ; by the fides of which I tailed fix traps for foxes, and (hot two black-ducks, a gozzard, and a fpruce-game. I fent moft of the bricks up the harbour. Clear in the morning, and cloudy afterwards. Smart gales, with a great fea, and fome rain. Three piles of filh were heaved. I went round the bay with a couple of hands in the Roebuck; looked at three of the traps which I put out on Saturday ; put out eight more for foxes, and one for deer. I had a good filver-fox in one trap, and an otter THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 371 in another. I fhot an eider-duck, a lady, and a fpruce-game. <^~7^*^ — A very fine day. September. Tuefday 15. IVind K W. motUralt, Two piles of fifh were heaved. I went round Blackguard Bay and this ifland, to vifit my traps. I put out two more for foxes, and three others were ftruck up. I had a good filver-fox. There was a (harp froft this morning, but the day proved very fine. Some fiQi was heaved this morning, but the weather foon "W''«^"«f' »5. obliged us to make it up again. I went round my traps in the harbour, and had a rabbit and a fpruce-game in them. I ^- ^ put out four large ones for deer, and two fmall ones for foxes ; alfo, killed a porcupine. Clear till noon, foggy and moifl; after. A pile of fifh was heaved, and the Marten was loaded with Thurf'Javi;. IV. N, IV beams, planks, and boards. After breakfaft, I went round mderatt'. Blackguard Bay, and obferved, that many foxes had been along fliore, but had avoided the traps. I put out four more, and killed three black-ducks. Clear and mild all day. The Marten failed up the harbour, where flie was unloaded and then returned. 1 went to the head of South-eafl Arm, where Terry and I landed, and walked to the hills beyond the head of Curlew Harbour; we met with a brace of hinds and their calves; but being too anxious to kill a brace, I got none : for refufing to take a good Ihot when I might have had one, I was afterwards content to take a bad one and miffed. In returning to the boat, I met with them again twice, and fired each time, but I was too far off, and it was too dark to expect to do any execution. Clear and hot all day, cloudy evening. 3 B 2 The Friday i3 S, E. mod- &. W. Martin and Terry went round the traps in Blackguard, and Iftnius Bay ; they had a crofs-Ibx, and (hot two ladies. I Ihot two lords by the old (lagc, but got only one of them. A loggy day. This morning the cooper and falter came from the new houfc and heaved one of tlic piles of lilh. At nine o'clock, I went to tlie otterlrap in this harbour, and from thence to South-call Arm, where I landed. I then lent Martin to the top of Mount Martin to watcli the middle path, and Terry was ordered to the traps by Curlew Harbour. I went myfelf to the Gravel Hills, where I remained on tlie watch until three o'clock ; when, jud as I arofc to return, I difcovcred an old flag, on the fouth lide of the great pond, which leemed to be didurbed ; and, I believe had ;vindcd Terry (who was returning about that time from the farthed deertrap, and came that way) for he tolled up his head and trotted off to the eallward. I made what halle I could, to waylay him upon the hill which he made for : but when I got there, he \vas above half a mile beyond me, nearly down wind. He prefendy Hopped, fnuITcd, looked much alarmed, and re- turned full gallop, having winded Terry's feeling, by the large trap, as I fuppofe. I then laid flat down on the ground ; he came within fevcnty yards of me, and then flopped to look about him. As he Hood abreafl of me, I waited until he turned to move ofl", and then firing, I Ihot him in at his right flank, the ball coming out before his left flioulder ; upon wliich he in- flantly turned about and made full at me ; but when he got about half way, doun he dropped. He appeared to be an old bead of the dwarf kind, had forty points on his head, and was in excellent order ; but iiis neck was rather fwelled, and his bread finelt flrong. I paunched him and turned .him on his belly, then hanging my handkerchief upon a dick clofe by him, both for a fignul to And him, and alfo to keep ofl- the wolves and THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 377 and foxes. I returned to the boat, where I found the other two hands ; Terry with a yellow-fox, and Martin, with fexcn groufc. I faw two curlews to-day (which is very laic in the year for thofe birds) and killed a lady. A clear, fine, mild day. At day-light I fcnt a IkiflP with fix hands for the deer ; they returned with him at two o'clock, and informed me that another deer had been in the farthefl trap, but had got out. Not one of my large traps are worth (ixpence ; the fprings, of one are too weak, and all the refl; have no flrength in any part. The quar- ters of this deer weighed two hundred and fourteen pounds ; he cut two inches and a half in fat on his haunches, one inch and a half on his ribs, and had above a floneof fuet in him; yet he was not fo tall as the lall by live inches. This afternoon, four Nefcaupick, or Mountaineer Indians came here in two canoes, and were the lame Avhom I had fccn at Caribou two years ago. They had no furs with them, and went back at fun- fet ; promifing, that they would return in a day or two, and bring all the reft of their tribe, whom they had left at Caribou. A very fine, mild day. 1 fent the Martin with a load of timber to the winter-houfe. After breakfaft, I went round mofl of my traps in Blackguard Bay, put out another for foxes, and fhot a hare, 'ihrce Indians appearing upon Berry Hill, I went and brought them over to my houfe. Ihcfe were the chief, w hole name is Pere Barecack ; his wife, Cowcoliih; and their daughter, Catherine Ooquioo ; a girl about lixteen ycai s of age : they did me the honour to Hay all night ; got drunk, and were A'ery troublefome. I pur- chafed one ranger, and five beaver fkins of them, being all they brought. A fine day. Vol. II. 3 C It 1778. Oauber. Sunday 4. S, E. frejk. \Iotnlay r^ S.f.'fJI:. 378 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. It blew and rained fo hard all this day, as to prevent my fend- ing the Indians away ; but, as I gave them very little wine, they •77». OHobeii Tf/nrfs. were more agreeable companions than yeftcrday. Wednef. 7. A'. fV. N. M. A'. E. r.. N. E. ThurMay 8. N.E./mart. N.E. Jrtng. Friday 9. N. E. hard. N. N. E. fujk. Sainnliy 10. S. S. \V. 'Tiod'.ratt, V. S. t. Hard gales with fome llect, fmall rain, and cold, foggy wea- ther ; a heavy fca broke on the fhore every where, and the tid«" made high. A fct of beams of the old ftage were walhed down; the Squirrel was thrown athwart the ftern oftheCaplin, as they lay on the fandy beach, and both of them were half buried, in fand. After breakfaft I fent Martin and Terry to vifit the traps in the harbour, and they faw all, except the three eafternmoft ones,. An old (lag had been in the large trap, and. had broken it all to pieces ; two of the fbxtraps were llruck up^nd carried out of their places. A foggy, moift day. I had the (horemens' new houfe pulled down; in order to* approj)riale ihc timber to aflTifl in building mine. Moill fog, with fome fmall rain till three o'clock, fair and cloudy afterwards. I fent the Indians m the Roebuck to Venifon Head; from whence they were to walk to their canoe, which they had left in Hare Harbour; and then to return to their comrades, whom Pere promifed to bring back with him, without any intention, I btlicve, of performing his promife. At eleven, I went up Soutli-eail Cove, and from thence Terry and I walked to the traps ; one of thofe by the ponds was carried away by an otter, and a deer had gotten out of the neareft large one. At night, the houfe builders returned in the Marten. Cloudy till noon, foggy and wet afterwards. Hard THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 379 Hard gales, with a cold frolly air and a little fleet. Winter begins now to appear; the Mealy Mountains have put on their m'w liveries, and every downfal whitens the heads of the higli hills. The deer are beating out to to the barren headlands on the fea coad; the cider, and king-ducks are hallening to the fouthward ; and groiife are chattering in great flocks upon the hills : I am afraid it will overtake mc, before I am ready for it. Mr. Daubeny not being yet returned, with a fupply of provifions and clothing, makes mc very uneafy. Under thcic diftreffes and inquietudes, would any man believe, that my people have been ready to mutiny, becaufe I would give them no falted pork along with their two pounds of fat venifon each day for dinner? yet it is a fa£l : nor could I quiet them until I peremptorily declared, that I could not pollibly fufFer any falted meat to be expended, whilil any frefh re- mained in the houfe-, and that, if they were not content, I would give them, what I verily believed they much deferved, a liearty drubbing. i7-'H. {\,ubcr. SunJiv 1 1. iV. I kept all hands at home to-day about the fidi ; we repacked two piles into one. I took a walk to the high hill and killed a brace of groufe there. At nine at night Mr. CoUingliam re- turned from Paradifc with fome hoop-poles, planks, falmon- nets, and all the people from thence. He could not get back to White-bear River to fetch the boy, whom he had left to help Tero to build his houfe, as the wind was contrary. At Longftrctch he found all the Indians, who intended going to Paradifc. They had eight canoes, and were about forty in number ; from them he purchafcd forty-eight beaver, eleven otter, and three black-bear fkins. It froze hard lad night, and this was a clear, frofly day. Monday ti, N. N. W. fviitri. N. IV. /mart. modtratt. l^ C 2 W^ 38o THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 3- 1778. Ottolicr. Tiiclilay 1 IVind n'. s. It moderate S. IV. Wf.lncf. 1 1, ir. s. IV. Vli'drr.lf. thuilday 15, s. \v. vicdcrate. X. by E, Friday 16. £. lutlc. \Vc heaved one j)ile of fifli, and landed the nets ; and having filled the Otter up with timber and boards for the new houfe, I font her there witli eight hands; who were to remain and work upon it. Terry and another hand found the loll trap with an otter in it. The beaver was brought to the ftage head, and niofl of her ballall out out. Clear in the moriiing, and cloudy afterwards. I fet the people to work at day-light, to difcharge the reft of the Beaver's ballaft, after which they loaded her with fait. Af- ter breakfall I landed on Slink Point, from whence I walked to my new houfe, then vifited the two traps on the neck, and the fix in Blackguard Bay; one of them had a fpruce-game in it, and another ^vas /huck up by a fox. Cloudy, mild weather. At day-light I fent Martin Kidney with five hands in the Beaver, to Paradife and White-bear River ; having furnifhed him with fome goods to trade with the Indians. After break- faft, taking Terry and a cooper with me, I went round my traps in the harbour, and had a good Ulver-fox, two yellow ones, an otter, a porcupine, and a goofe. I tailed a flip for a deer in the fouth corner, brought home two of the large traps, and the fprings of the broken one from the ifthmus, and all the fox- traps ^vhich were on the fouth-eaft fhore ; except one, which had been carried away by fome animal. I faw a yellow-fox and fliot fix groufe. A cloudy morning; foggy with fome rain afterwards. At eleven this morning I fent Terry and another hand to look at the traps in Curlew Harbour, and they returned at feven in the evening with a yellow-fox; they faid, that the other foxtrap was THE FOURTH VOYAGE. S8i was gone, the firfldcertrap flruck. up,and the fecond was broken to pieces by deer; that they had tailed the two which we brought home yeflcrday, in the place where the latter was. At three in the afternoon, it blo\ving very hard, the Marten parted one of herrodes; and, her other anchor coming home, fhe failed clofe in fhorc, by the rocks between the ftagc and the falt-houfe. We could give her no aflillance until the fkiff returned, when I fent Mr. CoUingham out with another anchor and rode, which he dropped to the (buthward, then got on board and warped her off, juil as (he was ready to flrike. As the tide had fallen, fiie would not only have been flaved, but, had the wind veered the lead to the fouthward, which it foon after did, (he would have beat the flage down. Foggy with fome rain. 1778. October. JVind .?. £. hard. S. S. E. frcjh. At noon, being accompanied by Mr. CoUingham and two hands, we went off and frefli moored the Marten, weighed her eaftern anchor and dropped it to the northward. It blew fo hard this evening, that the houfe-builders could not return. Fair till ten, and fnow all the remainder of the day. Hard gales with froft and fnow all day. people returned from the new houfe. In the evening the Saturday 17. W.frtjh. N. W. htavy. N. iV. IV. Sunday i8. All hands were employed in digging out and launching the ^^""'''^y'O. Squirrel. ^^;1J Moderate froft. I fent the people back to the new houfe this morning. Frofty day. Tuefdnv 20. N. IK /limit. After break faft, Mr. Colhngham and two hands afTiiled me \Vcdner.2.. in taking the Marten and Squirrel Ihallops over to the fouth- ^- "'"^rc/.. call zS'i 1778. Oflober. ThiirfJay 22. IVind f.. Jlrong. Triday 23 N.E. Jlrong. N.E, hard. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. cafl fide of this harbour, in order to lay them on fiiore for the winter. After we had moored them there, we went round the traps. I killed an eider-duck, found one of the loft traps with the bones of a goofe in it, took up the ottertrap (all the ponds being now frozen) and met with a brace of good ftags on the irthmus; at one of which I (hot as it was running, but miffed him. A mild day. I lent Mr. CoUingham with three hands, to take the (hallopK to the place where they are to be laid on Ihore, but the wind being too fcant, they were prevented from accomplifhing their purpofe. He brought a large quantity of mofs in the fkiff, and got back with difficulty. Rained all day. Early this morning I took Mr. CoUingham and two hands with me, to lay the Ihallops on fhore ; we weighed on« anchor of each, but were obliged to cut away the others. We got the Marten on the ground, and anchored the Squirrel abreaft of the fame place; by which time it blew fo exceedingly hard, that we could not return home. We had no provifions, nor were there any good woods near the place, to afford fhelter from the wea- ther : however, as we could do no better, I ordered the fkifF to be hauled well up, and the people to make a good fire in the belt place they could find. I then went to a point of land hard by, and fat there till the evening; by which time I had killed twelve tat eider-ducks, but got only fix of them. Each of us had a duck for his dinner : we made a very good Ihift without either bread or fait, and pafTed the night much better than we expected ; for, although it rained hard all day, the fky cleared at night, and it froze moderately. i'his 1778. O£lobcr. Saturday 24, fVind N. frtjh. moderate. little. Sunday 25, Monday 26. A', modtratt. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 383 This morning, after eating the other two ducks, we laid the Squirrel on fliore and Ihifted the Marten a little way. We then went to my new houfe, which I found was finilhed, except part of the chimney, fome iniide work, and chinfing ; but the people gathered a fufficient quantity of mofs to-day for that purpofe. I had a rabbit in one of the traps. In the evening all hands re- turned to the ifland and brought the Otter back. A clear, fine day. Strong gales with fome Ihow ; Iharp froft at night. Early this morning I fent eleven hands to the (hallops, who thwarted them up for the winter. At eight at night, the Beaver returned from the bay, having the boy on board ; and brought a large beaver from Tero, who thinks he (hall make but a bad winter's voyage ; being too backward in his work. She alfo brought all the provifions and goods from Caribou ; but Martin did not meet with any Indians, as they were gone up the river, after deftroying two or three tierces of lalmon. Cloudy day. Smith repaired a fkiff; one crew of hands ballulled the Otter; Tuefday 27, and another took the Beaver to my new houfe and unloaded her. A frofly day, with fome fmall fhowers of fnow and hail. We heaved a pile of fifh and made it up again. I fettled the Wedncf. 2«. people's accounts, (hipped what hands I wanted for the winter, ^' ■^"■^' and finilhed all my letters. Cloudy, frofly weaiher. At three o'clock this morning I fent off all my difcharged Ti«.rfdav29. fervants in the Otter ; there were thirteen of them. We re- ^'' ^'"^" packed . M N. I. Jntart. 3«1 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. sir. packed the largefl; pile of fifh, upon the place where it is to fland all winter. After breakfaft I went up South-eaft Cove in the Roebuck by myfclf: and from thence, walked to the traps about the head of Curlew Harbour. 1 had a yellow-fox in one and flruck all the rell up. I then took a long walk over all thofe hills which extend from Cape North to North Head ; I faw a brace of yellow- foxes, and fent a ball within an inch of one of them, at the diftancc of a hundred and ten yards. I found no frcfli fign of deer. In the evening a fkifl' with four hands came for me, and brought my (kiff back. A clear, mild day. 1 riJay 30. Wc rc-packcd the fecond pile of fifh upon the large one, and li'.fmart. \y^^ ^11 thc cullings carried into the ftage ; we hauled up, and K IV. wafhed out the fkiffs, coUeded the traps, &c. ^'' Squally, mild weather, with fome rain. Saturday 3 1 . IV. little.' S. /quail)' Ndvrmbcr. Sur„!ay i . l\\ fxmrt. Having re-packcd the remainder of the fifh upon the large pile, we made it up for the winter; we fuppofe there is more than three hundred quintals. The feal-fkins were carried into the flage. After breakfaft I landed on Slink Point, and from thence walked round my traps in Blackguard Bay ; \ had a gull in one, ftruck up the two firft, and frefli tailed the reft. I faw the flot of four or five deer, which had gone towards my new houfe. From the laft trap, I turned up the ridge of hills which are abo\c it, and from thence, taking a fmall circuit, came into the fouth weft co\c of this harbour: I faw two ponds likely for beavers; alfo, fhot t\s'o brace ofgroufe and an eider- duck. Mild all day ; fqually ^v'ith fuow in the evening. At nine this morning I fent four hands to chince the lower part of the ftorc-room, and to put the goods which* were landed out THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 38: . ^ — , November, N. IV. J:n^rt. IV, mcitrau. Out of llie Beaver, into it ; and at eleven, being accompanied by Mr. CoUingham and another hand, we followed them. From thence I walked to my traps and flips in the harbour, and had a crofs-fox in one, and a yellow one in anodier; and a third was carried away, the deertrap was only half flruck up (the froft being intenfe) one of the Hips was down, and an old, fat, dry hind was in the other. This is one of the deer which I [lotted ycfterday ; for I could here and there perceive the flot to-day. At night we all returned to the ifland, and brought the Beaver back. Cloudy, with Hiarp frofl;. Having loaded the Beaver with provifions and goods, in the Monday 2. evening I fent her to the new houfe. Two men went in the ^" """^"■'"'• Roebuck for the deer, and tailed a trap by the paunch. A clear, frofly day. This morning Mr. Collindiam and I with two hands went to Tucf.inv -. the new houfe ; we papered part of the roof, unloaded the Beaver, and returned with her in the evening. Clear, mild weather. About one o'clock this morning, Mr. Daubcny, and the four hands whom he took with him, returned in a fliallop belonging Mr. Sevdes and Co. He had borrowed tliis vellel to bring the provifions, &c, which he had purchafcd in Newfoundland; having had the misfortune to be cafl: away at Uie mouth of Inglis Harbour, and to loofe the Stag in his return to this place ; but he faved all the provifions and the rigging of the boat. He met the Otter in Batteau Harbour, and would have pcrfuadcd the people to turn back, in order that thefe men might go away alfo, as I did not want dicin ; but he could not prevail on thcni to do fo, as the winter was fo far advanced. This is an aJdi- Vol. II. 3 D tional S. .S. F.. /it tic. V.'cdr.cf. 4, S. S. II'. Pilijll' i' :,86 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. No\ ember. Thurfday 5. S. S. W. moderate. IV. N. m K N. W. tional diflrcis to mc ; for I now have but nine barrels of pork for fourteen people, when I ought to have as much more ; as I don't expecl any vcflel before the middle of July ; fo that we are now in great danger of being (larved for want of food, be- fore we can get a frcfli fupply. After breakfafl I fent Mr. Collingham and four hands to put fuch things into the houfe, as would take damage from wet. A dull morning, fnow at noon, and rain at night. At day-light I fent the fhallop to the new houfe and unloaded her. We laid the Beaver on Ihore for the winter, papered the end of the houfe over the flore-room, and Mr. Gallingham went round the traps in the harbour ; he brought a yellow-fox, and another trap was loft. Cloudy. Friday 6. S. W. little. After breakfaft I went with all hands to thwart and block up the Beaver for the winter. While things were preparing, Mr. Daubeny payed the paper on the houfe with hot pitch and tar, and I vifited my traps in Blackguard Bay; one of which had a yellow-fox in it, and two others were ftruck up. We fprung the Marten's fore-maft, in attempting to prize up the Beaver, and could not do it after all. She is a very heavy boat, and her own mafts are too flight. With infinite difficulty and A'. E.jirong. toil, I got back to the ifland at duflc, with five hands in the Roebuck, but the reft in another fkiff could not do it. It blew a hard gale of wind this afternoon, with fuch thick fnow, that we could not fee fifty yards: I believe we were above an hour and a half in rowing acrofs from Slink Point to Great Ifland, which is not above four hundred yards, and being wet with the fpray and fnow, I was very cold. A dull forenoon. i. N. E. hard. At THE FOURTH VOYAGE. At nine this morning I fcnt five hands to help the reft to get up the Beaver ; and in the evening Daubeny and CoUingham returned with four, and informed me, that laft night they loft; themfelves, and rowed for a long time after it was dark ; at laft they made the land on the other fide of the harbour, but did not know where they were ; that they hauled their ikiff up there, and walked round the (hore to the new houfe, where they all arrived fafe at midnight, except the boy, who tired by the way, and whom they were forced to leave behind, among fome buflies ; that he got to the houfe this morning, fpeechlefs and almoft dead, but was in a fair way of recovery. They did a little work to-day at the houfe, but none at the boat, as fome of the people were employed in bringing the fkiff back. Sleet, rain, and thick weather. 387 1778. November, Saturdav 7. tVind N.E. frfjh. I fent MeflTrs. Daubeny and Q)llingham with four hands to the new houfe, which they were to work upon until the tide ferved to thwart up the Beaver ; but tliey did not return at niglit. A very great fea broke upon the Pigeon rocks all day. Thick, mild weather, with fmall rain. Sunday 8. A'. A'. E. moderatti I built a deathfall for wolves, near the cook-room. Great numbers of ducks flew paft in their way to the fouthward. Rain in the morning, foggy afterwards. Hard gales all day, with fleet till noon, and fmall rain after- wards. Mor.i^av o, E. A'. £. pong. Tiicfday IS. A. I. pang. At eight this morning Mr. Daubeny and five hands came here Wedncf, n, and informed me, that he had blocked the Beaver up. After ^- v. Ei breakfaft I returned with him and four men, aud walked round my traps in the harbour, but got nothing. The ponds 3 D 2 are 388 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. November. , — • are almofl; thawed again. All hands returned to the ifland at Dull, mild weather. Thiirfdiiy i . H'/„J . .778. Nov..'nilicr. Siiiirfav I''). If'nii S. S.^ K. S.S. U' mcderat: Hard gales, with rain all day. The Caplin parted her Imall rode, and loll the anchor. At day-liglit I fcnt Mr. Collingham with four hands in the Caplin, lor a load of baggage and Haves ; with which he returned in the evening. I ^vent round my traps in Blackj^uard Bay ; in one, I had a capital lilver-fox, approaching nearly to a black;* in another there was a good crofs-fo.v, and I (hot another crofs- fox with my riflle, and tailed the thiee traps which I Ibuck up fome time ago. Mr. Daubeny papered part of the roof of the houie. Cloudy, mild weather. Early this morning I fent Mr. Collingham to the ifland, with four hands in the Caplin, for another load of baggage and Haves, and he returned with them in the evening ; at which time he faw a white-bear in South-weft Cove. I went round my traps in the harbour, and had a crofs-fbx, fliot live groufe, Ihifted one foxtrap and tailed it to bait, and Ihifted one Ihp. A deer had (leppcd within the large trap, but had not touched the bridge -, two others had got out of t\vo flips, and the other three were blown down by the wind. Several deer had gone out to the peninfula lince Saturday. There was a Iharp, \^'hite Iroft. this morning, but the day proved cloudy and mild. This morning Gready and his crew returned, and informed me ^v.Jixf. .8. that they had linifhed their tilt, and brought the Ikiff back from »'• s- "'. Korth Harbour ; and, that as they came round North Point, they • la February 1780, (his fox was fuld by auftion in London, for forty guineas; and had he not been (lightly rubbed on one liip by being two nights in the trap, he would have fetched fixty ; being eftccmcd the beft that had been imported of fevcn years, Tuefday 17, 5, little. s. -9. ir. moiUra'.t, 390 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. ' — ^ — > 1778. November. Tliurfdav 19, IVind W. Jr.Jh; b'riti,.)r EO. S. W.. lutle. they faw a Iicrd of about fifty deer, but there was too much fca for them to land. The coopers began their wintcr-houfe ; which I directed to be built at the head of South-weft Cove, about half a mile from mine. I tailed two flips at the fouth- eall end of the deer-path which croflcs this neck of land. I fent Mr. CoUingham and four hands to the ifland this morn- ing, for the reft of the baggage and ftaves; but there was fo much fea, that they \verc obliged to return empty. The reft of the peo- ple were at work about their houfe. I went round Blackguard Bay, and had a very fine crofs-fox. Sharp froft. At day-light this morning, all hands took Mr. Seydcs' boat into Blackguard Bay, and there laid her on fliore, in order to be thwarted up for the winter. They then went to the ifland and brought the rinds for covering the people's winter-houfe, and alfo the remainder of the baggage and ftaves. I went round moft of my traps and flips in the harbour; two of the former were ft ruck up by foxes, and the large one by a deer. From the hill where the latter was placed, I difcovercd eight deer at feed. After tailing three more flips which I then had on my back, and vifiting the two under Table Hill (in one of which I found a yearling male deer quite warm, and which I fuppofed to belong to thole I had juft feen) I went after them; but before I could get to them they had moved off", about a mile farther into the country; but my greyhound winding them, led mc up to their retreat ; and, after doging them for near three hours, I at laft worked up and killed a young hind, which I broke up; then went back, broke up the other, and returned home. A clear frofty day. At J9» Ko^nnber, Saturday a i . IVind IV. IhUf. S. E./niart, Sunday 32. AT. a; N. l{r. Mondav .:3« A'. ;r. fnjh. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. At day-light I had the (hallop hauled clofcr in flioi. and then fent a couple of hands to the hind ; they returned at iiight with the two hind quarters and a yellow-fo.\, which they found in one of the traps. At low water I went with the rell of the people, thwarted the (hallop up fufRciently, and then blocked her up for the winter. A dull morning, and it fnowed hard afterwards. Smart gales, with fqualls of fnow in the morning, and a Irefli breeze, with cloudy weather afterwards ; fharp fioft. I fent four hands to the ifland to remain there for fome days, to fit the fealing-craft which is for this place; and, Mr. CoUingham to pick up, and (low away the few things which are left there; he returned at night. I went round my traps in Blackguard Bay, and there faw the tracks of three white-bears, which had come through the woods from Table Bay, had llruck up a fox- t«»p, and gone upon Venifon Head. A clear, Iharp day. I vifited my traps and flips in the harbour; fliifted three of the former, took up one flip and had an old, dry, fat hind in another. I broke her up, and hung her on fome trees. Daubeny and CoUingham went through the woods and tailed a trap to bait in Narrow Marfli; then went to the hind which I killed on Friday, and brought home the two fore-quarters : they faw the frelh track of a large white-bear, and the flot of a fingle deer. The head of this harbour, and all Hill places are now covered with firm ice, and there is a Httle fnow on the ground. A clear, ftiarp day. Meflrs. Daubeny and CoUingham with three hands and my felf, Wcdncf. 33. brought home all the fmall deer, and three quarters of the old f^- ^^- '"''''• hind. Tucfday 24. IV. modtralt. I m 39a THE FOURTH \'OYAGE. 'n;iilJ..y v- »'. titiU. frtjh. .<«.' Friday i'. W. iuiU. AT. Jlrcng, vtcderatt. liiijcl. I taiKil thivc traps lor Ibxrs wiili ilic pauncli of the laitcr. At ni'^ht the pcoj)lc returned trotn the illaiul. Ha/)', iliaip weailicr. \\V loacU'd the Ciiplin witli fealiiifij-rrart, provifloMs, &c. and at no(jn, Mi*. Daubeiiy and four hands went oIK loi" the tik in Curlew Harboiu-, to remain lor the lealin<5 fealbn. Two hands bcl(>i\'Ting to this erew went to Great Illand to trim ihcir Ikihs, I went round my traps in Blackguard Bay ; one of wiiich a fox had got out of, after hauling it fonie dillanee. From the Wi'il iiiie of the bay, I difeovered three deer upon the fouth point oi Venifon Head and waited an hour for tliem, expecting they would come my way ; but goins; to the point, I found tlu y had gone back round Berry Hill and turned into the country. I then went upon the hill, and loon difeovered a herd of t\vTnty landing on the well fide of the head from the ice in Hare Harbour. I gave them the meeting near the foot of the hill, and there milled fire at a fat, old, dry hind; when they gallopeil olf upon tlie lloL ol the others. 'J'he whole of Wnifon Head was covered with the Hot of deer quite frefli, and I alfo law the tracks of fome white-bears, one of which was a very large beall. I'he north-weit lide of Slink Point, and the fouth, „\\\(\ Ibuth-cad fhores of this harbour, are jammed \vi:h lolly. Hazy weather, but not fo Iharp asyelterday. I lent a man for the remains of the lafl. deer, but he returned at night without finding the place. Mr, Collingham went to the foulh-wcll marilies and tailed two flips. I went to Venifon Head but met with nothing. In the evening the two hands returned from the illand. Dull in the morning, fnow at noon, and clear at night, with moderate froft. At THE FOURTH VOYAGE. At day-light the fcalcrs went to the ifland and found fcvcral of their nets damaged by mice ; they mended two and put them out. Mr. CoUingham went to the fouth-wcft inarlhcs and put out another ilip: from thence he turned to the fouth-call, and brought home the head and Ikin of the deer wJiiVh 1 Iliot; he killed a brace of fprucc-game and a groufe. Taking a man with me to bring homo the remains of the lall deer, I \'ifitcrt mod of my traps in the harbour; had a filver-fox in one, and one of thofe by the deer-path was carried olf, but I could not tell by what, nor which way the beafl had gone. In the even- ing I killed three groufe upon Slink Point. A clear, fharp day. At day-light the fealers hauled their nets and had a bcdlamcr, they then brought four nets to this place and mended them, and in the evening carried them to the point. Mod part of this harbour is now fad, and Blackguard Bay was full of lolly this morning, but it cleared a\vay in the evening. A dull day, (harp frofl in the morning, and mild afterwards, with a little fnow at night. The lolly being jammed into the tickles, and upon the north- welt fide of Slink Point, there was no getting, eitlier to the ifland or to the nets. I vilitcd my traps in Blackguard Bay, (hifted many and baited all (tlic path work being now over) I afterwards took a turn upon Vcnifon Head, and law many groufe there. Severe froll, with drift till noon. Blackguard Bay being clear of lolly this morning, I had a fkiff launched acrol's the low neck of land, and fent the leal- crs to the iiland for the reft of the nets, but the lolly returned and kept them prifoners there. All hope of feals is now over. Vol. II. 3 E I vifited 393 «77«. November Salurdjy iH* .V. »'. 'rt;^.. W. httU, S. modrr,Uf. MonJ.iy 3e, N.ir.Jlrong. Di-coTiibrr. 'I'licl'd.iy 1 . S. littL. S. (t\ If. ^'. If. 394 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. r-^: — ^ I vifited my traps in the harbour, and had a raven; I ftiifted December. ^^^^ ^^^ Waited all. Dull till eleven, fmall fnow during the reft of the day, with fevcre froft. Wednef. 2. s. s. jr. modeiati. Thiirfdjy 3. A'. A'. W. J'-'J''- Friday 4. A', W.fmart. modftate. mai t. A'. ;r. ■m:d''r.itf. Sunday 6. littlt. This morning the fealers returned; the bay and tickles being clear. After breakfaft they went back for fome killicks, &c. hauled their nets, and brought a harp. Snowed all day, and the froft abated. The fealers, not being able to get a boat into the water, mended four nets. Sharp froft ; a dark day, with Ibme fnow at times. The whole ocean is now covered with lolly as far as we can fee. The fealers covered in their new houfe. Mr. CoUingham and I frefh tailed my traps by the bay fide, and then went upon Venifon Head, where I killed three groufe, and he, a duck and fix groufe. , A clear, feverc day. • . At eleven o'clock I took Mr. CoUingham with me round my traps in the harbour, and had a crofs-fox ; which is the firft that has been caught with bait. From the fartheft flips, we crofled the barrens, beyond the eaft end of Mount Martin, to the fcaling-pofl near Curlew Harbour, which we reached at fun-fct. 1 hey had feen no appearance of winter-feals there until this morning, when they had three bedlamers in their nets, and faw a harp. A clear, fliarp day. . It is now impoflible that we ftiould have any feals this.year, for there is no water to be feen, except fome few Imall Ipots ; and the THE FOURTH VOYAGE. the lolly appears to be foldered into firm ice. At eleven o'clock, crofling the narrow neck of land, I took the ice at the head of South-eaft Cove and kept it all the way home, which I reached in an hour and a half. Obferving the ice to be driven clear of the two nets at Slink Point, I caufed the Roebuck to be launch- ed down upon the firm ice in the harbour, in order to have them taken up, but before the people could do fo, the drift ice came in again. Hazy, fharpifli weather. The nets being clear this morning, I had them taken up, an'd both thofe and the reft carried to the flagc and hung acrofs the beams. So ended a voyage, which I was in hopes would have made me fome fmall amends for the heavy loffes I lately expe- rienced. Snowed all day, with mild weather. Smart gales, with fmall fnow, fome drift and fharp frofl. The floor of the dining-room was calked. 39; .778. Decenibi-. calm. Monday 7. S. frrjh. X. L. Tuefday 8, At noon, a fingle deer crofled the hai-bour on the ice, and Wednef. 9. went upon the peninfula; it was foon after followed by four * ^-■^''^'■'' others, which the greyhound chafed as far as the barrens. I took a man with me and followed the firfl to the call fide of the High Barrens, when, obferving the others had there joined it and that they were all gone off for the farthermofl hills, I turned back, and found Mr. Daubeny and Mr. Collingham returned from the fealing-pofl;. They informed me, that they had not had a .ikifi" in the water fince I left them, by reafon of the ice being clofe into the fhore ; and that all the nets were under it. Dark, thawing weather, with fome fleet in the evening. Mr. Daubeny went with me round my traps in Blackguard ThMuUy 10. Bay ; he killed feven groufe, and on our return we found a ^-/''-f'- 3 E 2 raven E. 119^ 1778. December, Friday ii. F.. Hate. Saturday 12. fiuU and variabU, Sunday 13. N.fTfJh. iittle. nday 1 4. S. E. Jlrong. N, mtitrate.'i THE FOURTH VOYAGE. raven in one of the traps. Mr. Collingham went to his flips, and traps in the foutli-weft marches, but got nothing. Dull mild weather. I went round my traps in the harbour ; Ihifted four, frelh fettled and baited the reft, and had a crofs-fox and a yellow-one. I gave up the traps and flips in Blackguard Bay to Mr. Col- lingham, who went there to-day, and carried all the former to Venifon Head, one of which had a raven in it. The walking was very bad to-day, by reafon of the fnow on the ice having much water in it, caufed by the fpring tides and mildnefs of the ^vcather. Dark^ mild weather. After breakfaft I fent three men with a fled to bring ahogf* head of fait from the fl:age, but the ice being ripped near the ihore, they could not land. At the fame time, Daubeny and Collingham fet off for Curlew Harbour to cut the nets out of the ice, and I took a walk on Slink Point, where I faw much trackings of foxes and one of a wolf. I tailed two traps therej and other two on the hills above my houfe. Heavy, dark, and very mild weather. I'he people's winter-houfe being now finiflied, 1 this day re- moved three of them from hence into it. It is now very good walking on the ice without rackets, and every where in deep. fnow with them. A clear, fliarp day. At noon, Meflrs. Daubeny and CoUingham came back with- out being able to get any of the nets, and in the evening, the three coopers returned ; alfo, Daubeny brought a crofs-fox from one of his traps. It Ihowed and drifted all day, but was clear at night. This •JliE FOURTH VOYAGE. This morning James G ready came from Curlew Harbour and informed mc, that the ice was moved oiF from the fhore ; I im- mediately fent three men back with him to take up the nets. I vifited my traps in the harbour, one of which was {Iruck up and two robbed : a yellow-fox crofled me on the ice, and if the greyhound had been with me, he mull have killed him. A clear, fevere morning; after which it grew milder, over- caft, began to fnow in the evening, and fnowed and drifted hard all night. 397 1778. December, Tuefday 15, Wind W. N. IV. /mart, IV, moderati. s. ir. s. L/V. £./rr/a. h»Tdi I vifited my traps on Slink Point and removed two of them. Wednef. 16. Mr. Daubeny went to his, and had a very fine filver-fox. A mild morning, but Iharp afterwards; it drifted till ten o'clock, but the reft of the day was clear. /rtjh. Thurfday 17. 5. W. littlti Daubeny, CoUingham, and I vifited our traps, but got nothing. G>llingham faw a large white-bear on Blackguard Bay, and followed him to fome diftance, but could not overtake him. I went over the top of Mount Martin, and from thence crofled the barrens to the fartheft flips, and then returned home. I faw the oL' flot of one deer and fome freffli trackings of foxes, A clear, (harp day. I fent three hands to the ifland for fome bricks and hoops. Three hands came from Curlew Harbour, without being able to get any of the nets ; the ice being in again. Some fmall fnow fell in the morning, and it fnowed and drifted hard for the reft of the day. Had one of the pigs killed this morning, which weighed two Saturday 19. hundred and ten pounds. I vifited my traps on Slink Point N.jinng,. where I had a crofs-fox in one, and another was carried away. Snowed and drifted till noon, and drifted hard afterwards ; moderate froft. Mr. Friday 18. S. R, vudtratt: hard, ■ 398 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1778. December. Sunrl.iy 2o. A'. A', f . frejh. N. iulle. xariohlt ,:,}d linU, /\'. W. TiicfJay I"}., H, E. /mart. Wdiicf, 23. Thurfdav 94, A', i.fmart. Friday 85. A'. £■. Mr. Collingham went to the fouth-weft marlhes, but could not find the trap which he had there, it being carried away ; he killed three groufc. Mr. Daubcny and I took a walk to Great Ifland, where he tailed a trap and killed a groufe. I killed a hare and five groufe; and afterwards, found the trap which yeflerday I thought had been carried away. Sharp fioft all day. ■ ^ • - ' ' Mr. Collingham vifited his traps on Venifon Head, and, on his return, faw the tracks of two white-bears which had crofTed his feeting upon the bay. I looked at tny traps on the hills above the houfe, and killed three ptarmigans. Gieady came here in the evening for hands to cut out the nets ; the ice now being firm. Severe frofl this morning, and (harp all day ; it was dull till two o'clock, and fnowed afterwards. ■ I r ■ r r f ■. Another pig Avas killed, which weighed twt) hundred and eighteen pounds. ' '■ -^ -f^ 4^'' '. i^^/^ 'o '^oi -xij ir-vt? n. v. Snowed and drifted all day. ' ' ■• '••- ^' • > •' ' '■■'' Heavy gales with fnow, drift and moderate froft all day. Mr. Daubeny vifited two of his traps and had the leg of a white-gull, which had been eaten out by a fox. I went to two of mine and fhot a brace of ptarmigans, This being Chriftmas Eve, I gave the people fome brandy as ufual, and they all got very drunk, in conformity to annual euftom; which, I prefumc, was firfl; imported into Newfoundland from Ireland, and brought hither from thence. ^-'^ ' ^ - ■? i^-^---- -^'i -» '■! -' -^ ' •■-• Severe froft with fome drift. - •'^■^'' - ■'! '•'" "^ '• '• '■'^^'■ Strong gales, with much fnow, drift and fevere froft, I vifited THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 399 I vifited my traps on Slink Point; one of which being drifted over, I could not find. I (hot a hare and a groufe. Severe froft, with fome drift. ...*. . , ■ ... I fent Gready to his fealing-poft to look after traps there. Daubeny, CoUingham, and I took a walk on Slink Point, and caught five groufe with a net. Cloudy, fevere weather. Gready returned to-day withacrofs-fox. Snowed and drifted all day, but the froft was fomewhat abated. I fent Gready and five hands to his fealing-poft, to cut out the nets. Daubeny, Collingham, and I vifited our traps. Daubeny brought a raven out of one of mine on Slink Point: CoUing- ham killed three groufe and loft three traps ; a wolf was gone off in one, a fox in another, and a crofs-fox was caught in the third; but another wolf had carried the trap to fome diftance, where it was buried by the late drifts, and had eaten the fox. I had a yellow-fox and faw a filver one. >'/'• Sharp froll; drifted till noon, clear afterwards. December. Saturday 26. fVind N. frtjh. Sund.iy 1" . A'. H'. modtratt: Monday 28. N. E, hard. Tiiefclay 29, A'. W.Jmarc. Mr. Daubeny went to Great Ifland, where he put out t\vo ■^'^'"'''■'''"- ;^^' traps, and killed four groufe. I went with Mr. Collingham to mod-rJu, look for his loft traps, but could not find any of them ; he fhot two groufe. I alfo vifited my traps on the hills above the houfe, and found that which had been drifted over. Gready fent two hands here for a whip-faw; they brought a ycllow-lbx with them. Hazy, mild weather. I i:;l!'i Daubeny, . 4po 1778. Deceiiil>cr. Thurfday 31. IVind h'./titart. 1779: January. Friday 1. b.W.frfJh. S.JI'ong. moderate. Halt. Saturday 2. W. moderatt. A'. W.fr^fl. Sunday 3. S. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Daubeny, Collingham, and I went upon Slink Point with the groufe-net, and caught three; I Ihot three more, and Colling- ham one. In the evening three hands returned from Curlew Harbour, without having done any good there. Dull in the morning, it fnowed and drifted fmartly the reft of the day, and was clear at night. Two hands returned back to the fealing-poft. Daubeny, CoUingham and I vifited our traps : another of his was carried off by a wolf, one of mine by a fox, and I had a yellow-fox in another. Dull till eleven o'clock, then fnowed and drifted hard till two; afterwards, the weather was dull and mild. Mr. Collingham went to Venifon Head and (hot three groufe, but could not find the wolf which had carried off his trap yefterday. I took a man with me and found the trap which I loft yefterday, with a filver-fox in it. I (hifted fix, faw a deal of trackings, and the flot of fome deer. Two coopers returned from Curlew Harbour, but they had not yet found any of the nets. Clear, ftiarp weather till three o'clock; fome low drift and fevere froft afterwards. Hard gales, with much fnow and drift all day; moderate froft. Monday 4. I fent one hand to the fealing-poft, and brought home thofe A^. w. Lrd. traps which I had at the back of the houfe. Clear, fevere weather, with much drift. Tuefday ,5. W.fmart. Mr. Daubeny went to his traps on Great Ifland, and Mr. Collingham to Venifon Head; but neither of them got any thing. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. thing. I vifited mine on Slink Point, where I Ihot a hare and feventeen groufe. In the evening two men returnf \ from the fealing-pofl:, but had not found any of tjie nets. Intenfe froft this morning, and fevere afterwards, with a clear fky all day. 40i r- — ^^— » «779' January. IVind S. W. modcralt. Wedncf. 6. W. /mart: N.W. A'. Mr. Daubeny went to his traps which are on the fouth-eafl; fide of the harbour, and did not return at night. I gave up to Mr. CoUingham, the two traps which I had on Slink Point, and he carried them to Venifon Head, where he fhot a hare, and faw the frelh trackings of a wolf, but none of foxes. I carried out three traps and tailed them upon the barrens on the fouth-ead fide of the harbour, then vifited the reft. Foxes had been about fome of them ; I faw a filver and a crofs, alfo a ff- e. pong, vaft deal of trackings, and brought home my two fouthern- moft traps. Mild* dull weather, till three o'clock, then it began to fnow and drift hard. At three this afternoon, Mr. Daubeny and the two men who '^'"""'^'y 7* were at the fealing-poft, returned to this place ; being driven from thence, by the inclemency of the weather. They had nothing to burn ; both the wood pile and the tilt being buried in drift. Snow, drift, and fevere froft. niodtrale. Daubeny and CoUingham vifited their traps, and both of them had their faces flightly burnt with the froft. I car- ried out the two traps which I brought home on Wednef- day, and tailed them on the north fide of Mount Martin ; then croffcd that hill, vifited thofe which I put out laft, and killed three groufe. Very few figns of foxes to-day. Gready Vol. II. 3 F and Friday 8, N.frtjk. m\ I'l, ill! 402 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. ' — ~^^ — ' and Martin (who now walks as well as ever) went to the fealing- .jaimary, pofl; fo look at thc traps, and to try the Cape-land for deer. The Iky was clear all day, but the frofl; was fo intolerably fevere, that I thouglit I mull have been frozen folid, notwith- flanding I walked as fad as poflible ; and I never found the fnow in better order for ihat purpofe ; having no occalion to ufe my rackets. • aat.irdjv 9. Mr. Daubeny vilited fome of his traps, but got nothing. I n!%Jl ^v-ent to mine at the head of the harbour, brought one home, and killed a groufc. Few foxes ftirring. Weather the lame as yefterday, • - o^i ■ ■ ' • ^ •— Sunday 10. S. IV. moderate. S.E. Monday 11. S.frcjh. Tuefday 12. S. W. Wedncf. 13. S.E. uwdtratt. At noon I took a walk along Slink Point, and from thence crofled the harbour, and went over Mount Martin, and the high barrens. a The weather was much the fame as yefterday, although not quite fo fevere. .. ,- ... ,, tj. Mr. Daubeny and I went a fhooting upon Slink Point, where he killed twelve, and I eight groufe. He afterwards vifited his traps on Great Ifland, but got nothing. Snow and drift in the moining, dull and mild afterwards. Strong gales, with clear, fharp weather, and much drift all dav. Mr. CoUingham vifited his traps, but nothing had been near them ; he Ihot a brace of groufe. I carried out the trap which I brought home on Saturday, took up one of thofe which were in my eaft walk, and tailed them towards the farther end of , it. Many foxes had traverfcd the barrens laft night, and \\ four THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 403 four of my traps were luhbed , hut they were too much drifted over, to llrike up. The third and Jalb pi.sj was killed ; it weighed two hundred and fixtecn [)uundd. A clear morning, and h? j.y afternoon. Daubeny and ColUngham went a fhooting upon Slink Poiui and killed thirteen groufe. I vifited my traps at the head of the harbour, and dug out the large one. .Gready brou^jlu a yellow-tox. Dull, mild weather, with fmall fnow all day. Mr. Daubeny went to Round Ifland, on which he put out two traps, and killed five groufe. Mr. CoUingham vifited his traps and killed ten groufe. I went round my eafl walk and killed four groufe. No foxes ftirring any where, except in my walk; and even they, did not go near any of the traps ; for the weather is fo fevere, that they cannot wind the bait at any diflance, nor oftentimes, even when they go clofe pafl; it. A clear, fevere day. '779' January; jL. r-: .xraltt Friday 15. N. A'. IK modtrate. Daubeny and CoUingham went a (hooting upon Slink Point Saturday 16. and Great Ifland, and killed five groufe. I walked over the ^,f^;,, high South Barrens, where I killed five groufe and faw much trackings of foxes. Weather the fame as yefterday. In the evening, Martin returned with a yellow-fox, and in- forme 1 me, that yefterday he faw eleven deer upon Round Ifland, from whence they went upon the neck of land on which the fealing-tilt is fituated. Clear, fevere weather, with drift. 3F2 Mr. Sunday 17. N, /mart. , i I i I i- ■ iS iOii I'HE FOURTH VOYAGE. I — \ — » Mr. Collingham and I tried Slink Point and found a hare jamiary, there, but did not kill her. * m.lf ' ' A clear Iky, with intenfe frofl: and much drift. IV. ,v. fr, Jmart, Tucfday J 9. Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps on the iflands and (hot a groule. N. IV. fr,jh. ^j. Collingham brought all his traps home, there having been no figns of foxes on Venifon Head for fomc timepafl; he killed four groufe, I went to North Harbour, and from thence to the top of the hill to the north-eafl of it, from whence I had a commanding view every way. The place feemed to have been .ncdrrutt. much frequented both by foxes and hares. I had a yellow-fox in one of my traps at the head of the harbour, and removed them all from thence to the low South Barrens. A clear, fevere day. W'ldiuf. au, rain. Mr. Collingham carried all his traps to North Harbour. Mr. Daubeny looked at two of his, and then went with me round my call walk. Three of my traps were robbed and one of .f. E, hard, them ftruck up. Dull, fevere weather all day, but rather milder, with fnow and drift at night. TJiurfday 2 1 , S. S. E. I reded very indifferently laft night, and was mtich indifpo- fed all this day; occafioned by drinking too much new fpruce- beer yeftcrday, and the fatigue of the two laft days ; having walked full fourteen miles each, without rackets ; which caufed me to (ink into the fnow three or four inches in general ; frequently down to my knees, and fometimes to my middle. Notwithflanding all this, and the walking as faft as poffible, fome fpruce-beer, which I carried in an elaftic bottle in my upper waiflcoat-pocket clofe to my ribs, froze fo, as to loofe all fluidity. Exceffive THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 405 Exceflive hard gales, with much fnow and drift all day. The <■ ^ ^ froft greatly abated. januai^r. At two this afternoon I difcovered a flag and a hind going ^"^^, "' up the harbour towards the ifthmus, and endeavoured to way- '*'■ M'^t' lay them, but could not do it. Sharp froft, with dark, foggy, drifting weather. This morning, Mr. Collingham killed three brace of groufe Saturday 23. on Slink Point. At noon I carried another trap into my fouth %'^ug!'' walk, and frefli tailed the reft. It drifted fmartly and froze fo feverely, that it was as much as I could do, to keep my blood in circulation. Sunday 2]. N. IV. /mart. Mr. Daubeny went to the head of South-eaft Cove, to look for one of his traps which a fox had carried off laft week, but could not find it ; he killed ten groufe. Collingham went to North Harbour, but got nothing. I took a walk to Great liland, and on my return, killed four groufe on Slink Point. Clear, fevere weather with much drift. Daubeny and Collingham went to the illands ; fome foxes Monday 25, had been at the traps there, but they Avcre all drifted up. I ^' »""'"•'»"• vifitcd all mine; eight of which were robbed, and all drifted up. /Tfjh. I faw a filver-fox. Severe froft all day. moderate. Moderate breezes in the morning with thick fnow; but it foon began to blow a heavy gale, which caufed much drift alfo. In the evening it ceafed to fnow, but as the wind and drift con- tinued, it Ipoilt all our labour of yefterday. Hard. Tuefday 26, N. E. modtrate, N. ll'illj U1 4o6 •770. Jamuiry. W'cdncl. L>7. irhd A'. ;/■. 'JhiiifJav n8. S, iilttt. S. E. IV-fnfi. FriJiy 29. N. M'.fmart. Saturday 30, A'. A', ir. N. If. Sunday 31. «'. little, fmart. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Hard gaks in the morning with much drift; afterwards the Avind was fonicM liat wore moderate ; fliarp frofl. Mr. Datibcny went to the iflands, wlierc he had a crofs-fox, and ihot a liarc and a groufe. Mr. Collingham went to North Harboui, and iiad a fine filvcr, and an excellent crofs-fox ; thcfe are the two fird animals that he has caught, but he has lofl five traps. I vifitcd all my traps (being a walk of fourteen miles) eight of them were robbed, and I fhot {c\cr\ groufe; one of which ^vas carried oflf by a large fpecklcd owl, while I was reloading my gun within fifteen yards of it. Gready had the leg of a crofs-fox, and there was a great run every where. This was an exceedingly fine day, although it froze moft bit- terly ; but at night, it fnowed and drifted again. Mr. Daubeny went to Long Ifland, and alfo to look for his lofl trap; he tracked the fox for a long way, but could not find him. Mr. Collingham went a fhooting to Venifbn Head, and faNv a good many groufe there, but killed none. Severe, drifting weather all day. Datibeny and Collingham went to North Harbour, but no furs had been there. I went round my eafl: walk (a circuit of ten miles) fix of the traps were robbed, but the foxes had not gone on them : I fhifted two, and brought two others home. ii fox came lafl; night about the houfe, and I tailed a trap for him t'lis evening. A clear, fcvereday. Gready came here to-day, and brought a good crofs-fox. Moderate (roll all day : dull in the morning, fome fnow and drift afterwards. Mr. THE FOURIH \'C)VAGE. Mr. Daubcny vifiicd his traps on the iflands, and from ihcncc dolled the ice to Vcnilbn Head, but favv nodiinjr. Mr. Col« lin{.';liatn went to North Harbour and killed a brace of fpruce- gainc. I walked round my fouthcrn traps, tocjk up two and tailed them by the odier tvs'o; after which I beat Slink Point, and killed lour groule. 'I'he coopers went to Great Illand lor ibnie old heading. A clear, levere day, with fome drift about noon. Mr. Daubcny looked for his loll trap, but could not find it. Mr. Colhngham killed three gioulc on Slink Point. I vifitcd my eallern traps, but nothing had been at them. I carried out the two which I brought home en Saturday, and tailed them by the firll and third Rations, and Ihifted the two farthcrmofl ones, tai.'ng them together i lb diat all my traps are now in pairs. Dark weather, with a little fnow, and very mild. Daubeny and Collingham went up the brook m Blackguard Bay to hunt porcupines, but found tlie Ihow fo very light in the woods, that they foon returned without finding any. I fet out for the iilands a fliooting, but, not liking the weadier, I loon ri;turned. Martin came here this afternoon, and brought a hare which he fhot on Green Illand. Dark, Iharp weather, with fome low drift. I vifitcd my fouthern traps, and found both Rations robbed. From ihenco I intended going to the top of Table Hill, but on coming to the foot of it, IcroITedthc track of a wolvering with one of Mr. Colli ngham's traps on his foot. Leaving my fled and dog there. 1 followed, and came up to him on the weft fide of the hall; and on my return, tailed the trap in a marfh by the fhoal ponds; obferving that the foxes had followed 40; rrbriLiiy. MkiiiI.iv >. (I'ltiil N. IV. moderate, frfjh, metier aif. ruffclay 2. S. nictleralf. /"A S. S. E, Wfdncf. 3. K.freJ!,. Thiirfday <{. ff. modcra',;. iVi 4o8 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1779. February, tfind iittle. followed his bleeding track. As this beaft went through the thick of tlic woods, under the north fide of the hill, where the fnow was fo deep and light, that it was with the greateil difti culty I could follow him even in Indian rackets, I was quite puz- zled to kno\v how he had contrived to prevent the trap from catching hold of the branches of the trees, or finking in the fnow ; but, on coming up with him, I difcovered how he had managed : for, after making an attempt to fly at me, he took the trap in his mouth and ran upon three legs. I now do not wonder at the flories which I have heard of their carrying a trap fo far. Thefe creatures are furprifingly ftrong in propor- tion to their fize : this weighed only twenty-fix pounds, and the trap eight, yet, including all the turns he had taken, he had carried it fix miles. CoUingham had another trap (Iruck up, a third robbed, and fliot a fpruce-game. Great numbers of foxes had been in North Harbour and on the ifthmus. The two men came here from the ifland to-day, for a couple of falmon-nets to mend. Clear till three o'clock, dull afterwards ; fevere froft. Friday 5. IV. moderate. S. M £. Saturday 6. Clear in the morning, but it foon overcaft, and fnowed all the remainder of the day. It froze feverely till ten this morning. but then grew milder. Much wind, fnow, and drift all day, with lefs froft than we have had for fome time part. At night the fky cleared, but the wind, and confequently the drift, continued. Sunday 7. N. IV. hard, frejh. nodtrate\ We finiflied the laft of our cabbages to-day. The method of preferving them in this country is, to cut them as foon as the froft fets in, pick oflFall the decayed leaves, dry them in the air, and then flow them in a calk. It THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 409 It drifted hard in the morning, but the wind abated as the day advanced, and by night it was almofl: calm. Sharp froft. Fcbma^. I was exceedingly afflifted with the tooth-ache, occafioncd by Monday 8. a gum-boil : which gave me fo much pain, that I could not eat a-,^!"!, my dinner. ''"^' Severe froft, a clear fky, and much drift all day. ^'^''"^• I had fo bad a night, that I did not fleep till day-light this morning ; the pain then began to abate, and at noon I had very little left. It has been fuch very bad weather ever fince Thurf- day laft, that nobody has been able to look at a trap ; therefore if any furs are in them, they will be loft ; or the animals eaten out by others. From the abundance of frefli flot, which has generally been feen hereabouts, by vifitors to thefe parts during the three preceding winters, I was induced to believe, that the peninfula of Cape North was never without deer. But I am now convinced, that they refort thither in the greateft numbers from the time the rut lirft begins to affccl them (which is early in Oflobcr) until the ice is firm to Uie eaftward of it, which is generally by the middle of January. At this time they go oif to the outcr- moft iflands, in order to be more out of the way of the wolves ; and thofe iflands lie fo fur from hence, that we cannot go to them and back again in a day, nor do they afford rneltcr topafs the night in. being deftitute of wood. The deer which frequent that ground in the depth of the winter, remain chiefly about North Point and the fat thsrmoll hills ; and thofe parts being full ele\en miles from hence, are too far to be vifited during thefc fliort days. Belidcs, fhould it come on to blow ftrong from the northern, or Avellern quarters when we are there, it would be utterly impoflible, either to get back or fave our Vol II. 3 G lives. Tuofday g. N.W. kard. 410 February. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. lives. And indeed the chance of fafety would be equally in- fecure, were the wind to come from any other quarter, as at fuch times it is impolTible to fee our way. In about another month, I cxpecl they will begin to draw in a little more to the continent, but I do not think they are fo plentiful on this part of the coafl as they were in former winters; becaufe, I never knew wolves to be fo fcarce as of late. Not a fmglc track of a white-bear has been feen for a long time pafl, which makes me think that thofe creatures keep out upon the outer edge of the ice during the winter; for, there they may meet with feals. When they come on Ihore, I prefume it is chiefly on the outer iflands ; yet I have fometimes known them go far into the country, in the winter: but how they can procure food there, is to me unknown ; for I cannot believe they can catch any other land animal than the porcupine, and of them but few ; they muft alfo pay feverely for a Icanty meal, from the pain occafioned by the quills which nature has pro- vided for its defence. As to fifli, they certainly can catch but few, and thofe only fmall ones, in fuch parts of rivers and brook's, as the flrcngth or particular fets of their currents, or warm I'prings may keep open. I (hould have imagined, that they would refort greatly to thofe parts of the tickles going into Sandwich Bay, which are open all winter, becaufe great numbers of winter feals ^harps, and their young, called bed- lamers) condanlly remain there; yet we never faw the track of one in the depth of winter. Thefe animals are prodigious travellers, and mufl; certainly be able to go a long time without food. When they can get nothing clfe, they will feed on the long ftalks of the fea weed from which kelp is made ; fo will feals likewife, for I have feen both of them do it. Great num- bers of them, 1 believe, are deflroyed every fpring, by being carried upon the ice too far from land to be able to regain it, although THE FOURTH VOYAGE. although they will fwim to a very great diftance. I have heard of their being met with, onloofe pans of ice, fifty leagues from the land, by fhips which have been coming upon the coafl. They bring forth their young about March, and drop them upon the ice, where they he for fome days before they are able to follow their dams, which leave them there while they go in quefl; of prey ; and when they are firft able to travel, frequently carry them on their backs. They mofl commonly have but one at a time ; fometimes, however, they have two, and I have heard of their havir g three, They breed but once in two years, and their cubs follow them all that time; but how long they fuckle them, or how long they go with young I do not know. When their cubs arc very imall, it is dangerous to meet them, as they have then been often known to attack a man without the lead provocation; but at other times, they always make off : yet, fhould you fue at one at any time of the year, and (hoot it through a part which is not immediately mortal, you muft ex- pe6l to be inflantly attacked with the greatell fury. As they are amazingly ftrongand excellent boxers, your danger will be imminent, unlefs you have a double-barrelled gun loaded with fhot to blind them, or a dog, which will keep continually feizing them behind (this all dogs will do, after they have run at two or three) tlie bear will then lit down on his buttocks and fpin round like a top, endeavouring to get hold of the dog. This is the time, when you may approach and kill him dead at orit; ITuU. if you are but cool ; but if the dog is not well ufed to the Ibort. he will attack him forward ; in which cafe he is fure to be either killed, lamed, or cowed immediately, and tht b'^'ar will then attack you. A clear day with fcA^re froft ; much drift all morning, but it dccieafed widi the dav. 3G 2 Mr. 411 '779- February, H'ind Jrong. moa'fra/t. Hi i.'itU. 412 '779- February, M'(fliief. lo. Wind calm. S. E.fr.JI,. hard. Thurfday 1 1 , J. 5. E. hard. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Mr, Daubeny brought home all his traps to-day ; he killed a groufe and found a dead tern : Mr. Collingham and I vifited ours, and tailed them afrefh ; but our labour was loft : foralthough the morning was as fine as it could be, the fky overcaft at two o'clock, and it foon after began to blow, fnow, and drift as hard as ever. Severe froft all day. Heavy gales, with fnow, drift, and fevere froft. The badnefs of the weather drove Gready and Martin from the illand, be- caufe they could not keep their fire in. As they were coming along the ice, they obferved three tinkers fly paft them, and prefently, one of them fell as fuddenly as if it had been fhot. On picking it up, they found the eyes of it were frozen as hard as beads. Llolh niyfelf and others have often found fome of thefe birds, terns, and bulls dead upon the ice,orland,at a great diftance from water; yet I could never tell how they came there ; the myftery is now unra\'elled. During the whole of the winter feafon, fmall holes, like ponds, are kept open on one fide or other of moft of the outer iflands (by the fet of the wind) to which thefe birds refort lor food. Upon the fliifting of the wind, the ice fills up thofc holes, and the birds are then forced to betake themfelves to flight to feek others : and, as it often comes on to fnow and drift excefllively hard at thofe times, with fevere froft, they are moft completely loft. Sometimes they fly into the country ; at other times, along Ihore : and in fhort any way, as chance direfts them, until their eyes are frozen in their heads; and, being quite overcome by the fe verity of the weather, they drop dead ; as was the cafe with this bird, to-day, Mr. •77)- Fi'bruary. Friday i a . Wind N. W. itiiic. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 413 Mr. Daubeny carried his traps to the South Bairens and tailed them there. Mr. Collingham vifited his own, and thofe in my fouth walk; all of which were drifted up. He found a dead tinker, and alfo faw the (lot of fome deer, upon the ice near this houfe, which had come from the illhmus in the late drifting weather. I ordered G ready and Martin to remain at the cooper's houfe, to carry them the hoop-poles from hence, and cut firewood for the fummer; as the weather will not per- ;r. n. jv. mit them to do any good on the ifland. I took a walk upon the hill above the houfe, but was not able to go farther, by reafon of a very painful boil, which has made its appearance under my left arm. Severe froft, yet an extremely fine day. There was but httle wind, with dull weather this morning ; s.mrJay ij but the reft of thefe twenty-four hours, was as bad as poffible. ^'- ^• The weather as yeflerday. Mr. Daubeny vifited Iiis traps but got nothing. Mr. Col- hngham killed fix groufe on Slink Point. I walked for an hour, upon the hill above the houfe, without feeing any thing. At three this afternoon, the upper part of the kitchen chimney (which, for want of bricks, I was obliged to finifli with wattles clayed over) took fire; which quickly found its way to the boarded partition between it and the dining-room, and burnt with fuch fury, that the whole houfe, the provifions, and all that were in it muft foon have been confumcd, had we not for- tunately been all at home. The great pot chanced to be on the fire, in which was fpruce, boiling for beer : this liquor, together with fnow, we applied fo fuccefsfully within doors, and alfo from without^ through a hole made in the roof, that \\'e Sunday i .]. A'. A'. A'.; Monday ij. A', /mart. N. IV.fn.T 414 I'ebruary, Tiipfday l6. N. IV. hard. Wrdiief, 17, W.fvfjh. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. # we foon extinguiQied the flames ; and thereby faved our lives from the moll terrible of all deaths ; the want of food. Severe weather, with low drift. Kt)ti:rale» Hi til. Tlmrfdjy 18. S. E, N.E, FriJdy 19. 11^. moderate. m The chimney was repaired with fome clay, which I had referved, in cafe of need. It drifted very hard all day. Daubeny, CoUingham, and I vifited our traps. Collingham had a yellow-fox, and we all croflcd the flot of a brace of old flags, which came from the upper part of Table Bay, acrofs the South Barrens, and directed their courfe towards Cape North. I alfb faw the Hot of five deer which had crofled the High Barrens towards the Cape, fome few days ago. A fine, bright day; lliarp while the wind continued, but mild afterwards. The fun has now got fo much power, that, when the fky is clear and there is not much wind, the weather is fufficiendy warm, between ten in the morning and three in the afternoon. Hard gales, with much fnow and drift all day. Mr. Daubeny removed moft of his traps to the other fide of Table Bay. Mr. Collingham carried the traps which Gready had, to Venifon Head, and fliot lour groufe, I fat watching upon the hill above the hoiife, and at noon difcovered three deer crofling, from \'cniron Head for Weflern I'ickle.. I gave them the meeting at the end of Slink Point, but, unfortunately for me, they kept too far over to the other fide; which obliged nie to take my (hot at a hundred and eighty-live yards, and the ball grounded a yard fliort ; they then went up South-eaflCovc towards the Cape : they were two old hinds and a calf. A bright THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 4^5 A bright, fine day, and the fun was fo hot that it melted the fnow on the fouth fides of the hills, notvvithflanu'ng a Iharp icbruary. frofl ; which is the firfl: time it has done fo this year. Gready and Martin went upon the peninfula a deer Hiooting; Saturday 20. they faw a herd of about twenty on North Point, which went out upon the fmall duck-iiland, on which I killed the two white- bears in June 1778; and there they left them, as the day was too far fpent to go farther. Mr. Collingham vilited his traps in North Harbour, and faw a yellow- fox. I went upon Slink Point, and watched there fix hours without feeing any thing. Small fnow in the morning; dull and hazy afterwards, with mild weather all day. mr.d N. N. ir. moderate. A', tittif. The fky was clear and the fun flione hot all day, yet the wea- ther was very indifferent during the fore part of it, by rcafon of a fmart gale of wind, v hich caufed a good deal of drift, and made it pretty fharp ; but the wind abating at eleven o'clock, the reft of the day became mild and exceedingly pleafant. I had all the fnow fwept out of the flore-room, and the goods there frefh flowed; alfo, the fnow and ice chopped off the roof of the houfe above the dining and bed-rooms. Mr. Collingham vi- fitcd his traps on Venifon Head; one of which was carried a little diftance by a wolf, in company ^vith two others, which had got out. He faw a good deal of decr-flot, and fhot two brace of groufe. I went round my caflcrn traps; and fliiftcd four of them. Returning over Mount Martin, I difcovcrcd from thence fcven deer upon the ice; going troni the fmall ifland, mentioned the twentieth inftant, to North Point. Though the di (lance is full nine miles, yet I could difcern them with my naked eye, and with my pocket glafs plainly dillinguiih the hiiids from the X:alves ; and alfo, could fee their horns. It drifted till eleven, but was hazy and mild afterwards. Sironq: Suiitlay 21 A'. Moiki.^y '2. ./. tncdcruli littir. ' 'I ■ M 4i6 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. . — * — , february, Tuclday 23, Wednef. 24. JVind N, m$derate, /mart. Strong gales, with much fnovv ; which drifted but little, for the weather ^vas fo mild as almoft to thaw. • Daubcny, CoUingham, and I, tried Slink Point to-day, but found nothing. They then went to the ifland to get fome olive oil, but found the falt-houfe fo full of drift, they could not get in. One of the coopers began to fet up calks. The morning was dull, there was fome fmall fnow about noon, and afterwards it fnowed and drifted hard. • ^ . , I'lmrfjay S5. Hard galcs, with much fnow and drift all day. A', hard. Trlday 26, K. IV. A frefh breeze and clear weather, with a little low drift till feven this morning; hard gales, with dark, drifting weather afterwards. Saturday 27, A. /mart. moderate. N. M ir. little. Daubcny and CoUingham went to the traps in Table Bay ; two of wliich were ftruck up, and they faw a deal of trackings of foxes. I walked along Slink Point, and from thence over Great Ifland, Round Ifland, and two other iflands. I killed a groufe,and faw a brace of hares. It was very fliarp, with fome drift, till eleven; at which time it grew mild and plcafant ; yet my eye-brows were never free from ice, and the pinover of my chin, ^^'as frozen an inch thick. Sunday 28. Vcry duU weather, with a little fnow till near noon, and r^o'dH'au. cloudy afterwards ; the morning and evening were fliarp, but March. Monday •• t\. moderates frong. Tiiefday 2, A^ A'. W. /Ironir. Jnfu the middle of the day was mild. • m ", . -i v^; ' •,<■ We began to ]ia\-c three meals a day. Continual fnow with inild weather till noon ; but it fnowed and drifted hard afterwards After dinner I took a walk upon Slink Point ; where I met ' with a brace of groufe, and killed them. ' ■ A clear THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 417 A clear day with ftiarp froft -, it drifted hard in the morning, but abated as the day wore away, and in the evening the wea- ther was fine. ( ^ 1 «77!)' Mirch. ll'ind modi rale, iitlie. At fix o'clock this morning, Daubeny, Collingham, G ready, WcJncf.^ Martin, and I, fet out in quell of deer. By eight, we reached the hill Avhich is over the head of the valley leading into Cur- lew Harbour, and is about three miles fhort of the extremity of North Point. From thence, I difco\ cred three deer at feed at the head of the valley, which is as bad a place as poffible for getting a fliot at them. I therefore made a difpofition for fur- rounding them, but they got fight of Mr. Collingham, went off, and took a turn quite round us ; when one of the dogs got loofe and chafed them towards Cape North. Seeing bad wea- ther coming on, we turned back, and before we got quite home, found we had but jufl, faved our diftance : for it then blew, fnowed, and drifted very hard. The morning was clear 5 but it foon after became dull and froze fliarp all day. Hard gales, with much drift and fliarp frofl: all day ; thick Thurr.iay4. weather, with fome fnow till three o'clock, clear afterwards. ^- ^- ^• Daubeny went to Table Bay, but got nothing. Collingham had two crofs-foxes in North Harbour, and a third trap was carried away and lofl. He fliot a groufe. I went a fhooting, to Venifon Head and Slink Point, and killed two brace of groufe on each. Very fharp froft, with a good deal of drift. S. E. liuU. frejk. pong. hard. Friday 5. K.fmart. littk. A clear, fharp day with much drift. Saturday 6. I went round my eaft walk and had a crofs-fox : I Ihifted Sunday 7. two traps, fliot a brace of hares, and broke a leg of a third. N.jirong. The weather was much the fame as yefterday. Vol. II. 3 H At '779' March, A', moderate. 418 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. At eight this morning, taking Greatly and Martin with me, I went out a deer fliooting. I put my gown, grear-coat, and hatchet upon my Ncfcaupick lied, which was drawn by the two men, a bloodhound, and a Newfoundland dog. Wc got to North Point at noon, and there faw a flout white-wolf, and an immenfe quantity of deer-flot of all forts ; which fhewed that they frequented that place very much : and we obfcrved likewifc, that a large herd had been feeding there only jufl be- liti/e. fore. Having laid the trap down in order to tail it, the dogs winded the flot of the deer, and immediately fet off with the fled and the other things upon it. By good luck, the gown and coat fell olF, and we found them ; but what became of the fled and hatchet is yet unknown. I obferved the wolf to keep cruif^ ing round, and watching us, but although I made feveral at- tempts, I could not g(*t a Ihot at him. In a fhort time after, I fa^v a fingle deer coming down wind towards me, and Ihould have had a fhot at her, had Ihe not chanced to get fight of me, as I was creeping to a proper place to wait for her. She then tinned acrofs the deep cove and joined the herd which was feeding on the other fide of it, and they all moved up wind to the higher hills. I fent the two men after them, and they both fired ; Martin fhot his through, but it did not quit the herd : then all of them turned back, went out upon the ice, and direded their courfe for Halfway Ifland; to which place it was impofTible to follow them, by reafon of the diflance, and there being no wood upon it. I counted fixteen ; three or four of which were flout flags, and the refl: were hinds and calves. We then returned home upon ice, by way of North Harbour, and got back at fix in the evening pretty weU tired ; having walked above twenty-five miles. As the dogs did not return, I fuppofe they ft'ick the fled fall and then lay down by it, Daubeny and CoUingham vifited their traps but got nothing. A very pleafant, fine, mild day. Early THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Early this morning I fent Martin and Gready to try for the wounded deer, and to look for the dogs. They returned at fun-fet, and faid, that at North Point, they faw the track, of a wolf, in full chafe of a flag, which ran towards Ledge Ifland; that they could not find the wounded deer, but had obfcrvcd the track of a wolf upon the flot of it; that they met with both the dogs not far from North Point, but could not find the fled; and that they had followed the flot of a herd of deer from North Point to the neck of land near the fealing-pofl, from whence they faw them take the ice and make off for Cape North. Daubeny and CoUingham went to North Harbour, and brought home a crofs-fox and a porcupine. I watched for an hour on Slink Point; then went to Great Ifland, but faw nothing. Sharp frofl, with a clear flcy till the evening, it then over- call. 4»9 •779- March. Tuefday 9. N. fupi. It has blown a heavy gale of wind from the north-eafl, ever Friday n. fince Tuefday night lad, with thick fnow, much drift, and ^' ^' fevere frofl: ; infomuch, that no objeft \vas vifible at more than ten or twelve yards diflance, during any part of thefe three laft days. Daubeny went with CoUingham to his traps on Venifon Head, Saturday 13. and to fome which he had fliifted to Hare Harbour. I walked as far as Great Ifland, and fhot a raven. A little fnow fell in the morning, and during the refl; of the day there was ftiarp froft, fome low drift, and a dark, heavy fky. Daubeny and CoUingham went to the illands, where they Sunday 14. fliot a hare, and faw the flot of three large herds of deer, which ^/r^T" were lately gone to the northward. They informed me, that 3 H 2 the 420 >779- March. Monday 15, Hind N, moderate. 8, S.E. N.E. Tuefday l6, tittnodcratt. Wednef. 17, N. THE I OURTH VOYAGE. the roof of the ftage head was broken down, by the v/eight of fnow which hud lodged upon it. Notwithllanding the late heavy gale of wind, the ice beyond the iflands is as firm and motionlcfs as ever; which is a con- vincing proof of its extending to a very great di fiance out to fca. My opinion of that matter is, that there is not one drop of water at fca, on the north-eafl point of the compafs from hence. N. B. The variation here is 27° Weft. A dark, mild day. Daubcny went to Table Bay, and might have had a good fliot at a wolf, if his gun had been ready. Collingham went to North Harbour and killed three groufe. I went round my eaftcrn walk, and killed four groule. Great plenty of foxes had been going every where, but the traps were all drifted up, and they kill fuch plenty of grafs mice, that they arc not very eager for dead baits. This evening we drank the lall; drop of rum. It froze fharply all day, yet the fky being pretty clear, the weather was quite warm ; and I faw fome water on a rock, made by the melting of the fnow, for the firft time this year. Daubeny and Collingham went to the iflands, and I to Slink Point, but none of us faw any thing. A moifl, thin fog all day, and a little fnow at night. I had refcrved a fmall quantity of brandy for the people to celebrate St. Patrick's day with, and now let them have it for that purpofe. Sharp froll, with hard gales, continual fnow and much drift. Daubeny, rilE roURTII \OYAGK. 421 Daubcny and CoUingluiin mcafurcd Ibinc dillanccs lo-day, and found thcin in fluiute miles, as follows: viz. rrom this houfe to the extreme end of Slink Point, one mile ; to the Itage, one mile and half a quaiter; and to the north-ead end of Great Ifland, three miles. CoUingham Ihot a groufe. Much drift and fliarp froll all day, with frequent fliowers of fnovv. Daubeny, CoUingbr.m. and I, took a \ ;lk to the cooper's houfe and faw a yellow-fc;:. vjreadr and Martin began to cut firewood for the fumme; s ufe- A clear fky, with hard froft, ai\d much drift all day. Mr. Daubeny went tc 1 able Bay, vvhero he had a raven's leg in one trap, a fox had go' oiu of p.noLhcr, and thn • ?fhers had been robbed by a wolf. ColKngham went Co ''.aic Har- bour, where a fox had get out of onr: c>r his ia|..;. .' -vet my eadern round; three traps were ilruc:.. up, l^vo robbed, inu a white-fox 'A as in anolhcu 1 ulfo villtcd my fouuieia tiaps. and brought two of them hor^e, but couh. not find the other two ; ihcy hemg drifted owv. On ilie lop c'! Mounf: Ma7ur. I faw the flot of about twenty d-rv, which had (;i<")irjd it fincc I was there lafl, and were gone iioid)v\ards. Sever;.', bright weather, Mr. Daubeny v/ent (c) the iiland^ and Mr. CoUingham to his traps in North Harbour- a fox had i^ot out of one of them. I took a walk to a frndl ill 'n.l v^yoni the fealing-tilt, and there met with th-' fre)b feeling of fonie deer: funk the wind to the ealhvard of Gaivci Hills, then turned towards the eafl end of Mount M-rtai, and faw fix of them feeding by the fide of it; bv't they, having difeovered me firft, went off full gallop to- wards N^'-th Point, where I did not choofe to follow them. I alfo (liw places on which a large herd or two had been feeding tliis morning. Severe '7 7'). Marih. Tl.mfcLv 18. IfinJ N.Jiranjf, FrlJ.iy ii), hard. SatiirJ.iy 20. mcdenite. Suiu'i.iv ^ I. ,"■'. W.J'mar', .V. JlrCK^, V 422 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. \ — «779- Ma ah. Wind N. N. E. Iieaxy. Monday zv.. N. hard. hWV.frcJlx. Tu<-fday 23. A', frfjh. Wednef. 24. A'. IV. /mart. A', ittoderatt. Severe IVoIl,- and clear till noon, then it grew hazy ; at two o'clock it began to drift fmartly, and at four it fuddenly began to blow, fnow, and drift extremely hard; fortunately I had reached home about ten minutes before, or mod probably, I fhould have been loft, as it was with difficulty I could walk againfl; the wind and drift. Mr. Collingham killed a groufe on Slink Point. Drifted hard till noon, but abated afterwards ; fevere froft all day, but milder in the evening. Daubeny and Collingham went to their traps ; the latter had a white-fox, and fhot a groufe. I took Martin with me, put three dogs in my fled, carried out one of the traps which I brought home on Saturday, and tailed it in my eaft walk. In a marfli on the fouth fide of Mount Martin, we difcovered eigh- teen deer at feed. I watched and dogged them for above four hours ; at laft I was upon the point of getting a good fliot, when one of them hearing me, gave the alarm, and away they went the fame route as thofe on Sunday laft ; I fired two random ihots, and then returned home, vifiting but two traps. Some fog and low drift in the morning, but clear afterwards, with (harp froft all day. Daubeny went to the iflands, but faw nothing, Collingham walked to Hare Harbour and brought a yellow-fox. I vifited moft of my traps ; and had a filver-fox in one; and one of the deer which we faw yefterday had been in another. On my re- turn I difcovered, from the north-eaft fide of Mount Martin, a herd of deer going along the boitom towards the fealing-tilt ; I followed, and dogged then until they got almoft to the end of the point, where I got clofe up to them, but by that time my right eye was fo much affefcled by the glare of the fun on the fnow, that I miffed ; although I was not twenty yards off, and three THE FOURTH VOYAGE. three or four of them were clofe together. They then ran off, but flopped again, at a hundred and lixty yards, to take a look at me, when I fired a fecond fhot and flruck a brocket through the upper part of both haunches, which made him quit the herd, and the reft went oflF for North Point. I fired another fhot at the wounded deer, but miffed him ; he then went out upon the ice and lay down. Finding it would be difficult to kill him without afliftance, I went two miles back for my dogs and fled, which I had left tied to a bufh on firft feeing the deer. I rode back upon the fled, with the greyhound in a leafh, and driving up within a hundred yards, flipped the dog, and he prefently put the deer up to bay. The bloodhound and Newfoundlander, which were in the fled, ran vehemently at the deer, which made a defperate pufh at the latter, hit him on the head, knocked him over, and certainly would have killed him, had his horns been bigger. When I perceived what was to happen, I thought it necelfa! y to roll off; otherwife, I Ihould have come in for my fiiare ; the dogs foon had him down, and I took the opportunity of diipatching him immediately; after which I paunched him, tlien went home and fent three men with a large fled, who returned with him at night. I had the fnow thrown off the roof of the flagc. and the large trap ftruck up. A very bright day, which proved bad for our eyes ; fevere froft till two o'clock, but milder afterwards. At eight this morning, Mr. Daubeny fet off for Sandhill Cove; taking one man with him, and his baggage on my fled, which was drawn by two dogs. I broke up tlie deer ; it weighed only feventy pounds. Mr. Collingham'seyes were yefterday fo much affefted by the glare, that he could not go out. A bright, fine day, and it thawed freely in the fun. 423 »779- March. TlnirfiLiy ^5, S, E. JiiJIu Extremely. 424 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. «779- March. Friday 26. A. N.E. Saturday 27. A'. IV. SmiJay -'!', K.E.frfj%. fiiurt. Monday 29. N.E. Extremelv boiflerous gales, with fnow and drift till nine o'clock, then it hailed till noon, when it became foggy, with a filver thaw, and the wind began to abate ; in the evening it fnowed, and the wind died away. Mr. Collingham killed a groufc near the houfe, and I fat watching for a fhort time, but faw only one groufe, and had plenty of bad weather ; for it blew a hard gale all day, with licet, fog, and gentle thaw. At noon Mr. Daubeny returned, and one of Mr. Coghlan's people with him. From this man I learned, that their crew, confiding of three hands, had killed but eleven foxes and one deer : and that the other crew of three hands at Black- bear Bay, had killed but three foxes. Mr. Daubeny brought with him a medal, which William Phippard picked up laft year aiiiong the Indian baggage, which they found on the ifland in Ivucktoke Bay, where they faw fo many dead Efquimaux. As I well remember this medal (for it belonged to a brother of mine who gave it to one of the Indians whom I had in England) I am now no longer in doubt refpecting their perfons, or the caufe of their death. I am certain, that they rnufl; be the fame I was acquainted with ; that Caubvick mud have retained the infection in her hair which fhe kept in a trunk ; and that thcjfmall-pox broke out amongfl them m the winter, and fwept them all off. He alfo brought eleven beaver-fkins, which he purchafed from one of the people. A dull morning, clear day, and it fnowed and drifted in the evening. Hard gales, with continual fnow and drift all day, but it did not freeze. A fevere March. Tuefday 30. Wedncf. 31. Wind variable andlitUe. April. Thurfday 1 variahlf. ti!tl<: THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 425 A fcvcre, fharp day ; much worfe than yeilerday. Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps in Table Bay ; he had two toes of a wolvering, 01 e trap was carried away, and another ftruck up. He found a trap, which he fuppofed had been loft by Wrixon laft year. Mr. CoUingham went to Hare Harbour, where he had a white-fox ; a fox had alfo got out of another trap. I vifiied my traps, moft of which were robbed ; I had a raven, and faw a filver-fox. Many foxes and fome wolves ftirring; one of the latter came lalb night about this houle, and carried off the carcafs of a fox. A fine day. Mr. Daubeny took two traps, which he brought homey cfter- day, and tailed them on the neck by South-eaft Cove. Mr. CoUingham went to North Harbour, but got nothing. I beat Slink Point and killed fix ptarmigans. Mild, with fome fnow. Mr. Coghlan's man went home this morning. I fcnt two men t'r'Jay to dig out the Caplin, which was buried in drift, and to cover the two fkiffs near Curlew Harbour with boughs ; they did the latter, but could not find the former. Mr. Daubeny went to the boats, and from dience to tlie iflands. Mr. CoUingham vifited his traps in Hare Harbour, and killed a groufe. I went round my traps, and on the top of Mount Martin met with a white-fox, which afforded me an excellent courfe ; the fox had not near the fpeed of the greyhound, but beat him in the turns, which were very numerous ; and, the ground being bare and flony, the dog broke his claws in fuch a manner as quite lamed him. Great numbers of foxes had cruifed every where lafl night: and many looked at the traps, but none would touch the baits. Dark, mild weather, with a fprinkling of fnow at times. Vol II. 3 I Two •I . 426 THE rOURTII VvOYAGE. 1779, April. Saturday 3, H'lnd all -'und I'ghl at IS, Sunday 4. S. IV. IV. s. ir. Two men digging for the Caplin all day, but could not find her. They faw a whac wolf. Mr. Daubeny went to T.ible Bay, Mr. Collingham to North Harbour, and I to Mount- Martin, but we got nothing although there was a great run oi foxes lad night alio, for they would not take bait. Mild all day; a dull morning, but clear in the afternoon. It thawed all day. Strong gales, with dark weather, and frequent fhowers of fmall hail until the afternoon; the clouds then broke. Monday 5. W. ncdcrate. Tucfday 6. link and variable. MVJncf. 7. 5, frejh Three hands were digging for the Caplin, which they found in the evening. Daubeny and Collingham went to Great Ifland and the lealing-poll, and killed a groufe. I fat watching for fome time on Slink Point : and had the pleafure to fee a flreak of water in the offing, extending fome leagues along fhoie to the northward. A cloudy, mild day. Mr. Daubeny went with me round my traps; I had a filver- fox, and be Ihot three ptarmigans. Mr. Collingham had a white- fox in Hare Harbour. Three men were throwing the fnow off the Caplin. Clear and cloudy by turns ; very mild. At four this morning Mr. Collingham took Gready with him, and fet off for White-bear River, to fee whether old Tero was dead or alive. Mr. Daubeny went to Table Bay; he had a filver-fox, brought all his traps from thence and put them out on Slink Point. 1 took a walk into the country at the back of Blackguard Bay, where I found two fmall ponds, and a good deer-path ; I faw feveral trackings of wolverings, alfo killed a fpruce-game with my rifle. Two men clearing the Caplin. A foggy morning, and dull afterwards. Two THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 427 Two men were clearing the Caplin till nine this morning, when t — -f^ — they finifhed; and found her gunwales broken by the weight April, of fnow. Mr. Daubeny vifited CoUingham's traps in North ThurfdayS, Harbour, and brought a yellow-fox. I fat watching for fome s/'e, time on Slink Point, but faw nothing. '""'"''"" Some fleet in the morning, foggy and dull the refl of the day. Friday 9. Jrep.. The feal pelts were fkinned out, but mofl of the fkins were froll-burnt, by lying all winter in a cafk, without fnow between it and thcxn. iMr. Daubeny went round his own traps, and thofe of LoUiijghim in Hare Harbour, and killed a brace of ptarmigans. I vifited the mofl of my traps and fliifted three of them. At fix o'clock this afternoon Mr. CoUingham returned : he got to Tcio's houlc on Wednefday evening, and found him and his companion, (my Newfoundland dog) both well. He went with Tero round his traps yeflerday, and left him this morning at four o'clock; the diflance is thirty-five miles. He informed me that Tero had killed twenty-t^vo martens, eleven foxes, eight wolves, four beavers, and tlirec wolvcrings. One of the wolves had gone off with a trap, and he accidentally met with him ten days after : he was alive, but fo far from his houfe, that he left him. Tero told CoUingham, that foon after the laft boat left him, feveral IntliaiiS Hopped a few days on Se- paration Point; that they flaked the beaver-houfc whicli I found in the fummer, hung the two traps which he had in it upon a tree, and had flolen the chains oR' them. Martens were begin- ning to run again. The liioA\' is noAv gro\vn very rotten. A foggy morning, and a cloudy day, with fome fun. A very indifferent day this; moill fnow fell in tlic morning, San.r.iay to. and dry, drifting fnow, during the icfl of the day, which was ■^I'^lZle very dark, ^.jWig, I,: 1 1 ill in 3 I 2 Strong 428 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. »77<)- April. Siiiulav 1 1. Wind N. N. IV. Monday 1 2 Strong gales, with low drift till noon, but clear afterwards, with a fliarp frofl; all day. Sharp froll all day with hard gales, and much fnow and drift A^ E. till three o'clock ; it diifud only afterwards. Tuefday 13. S./rfj7i. ax m /mart. WeJnci. 14. A', /ir.rd. Thiirfday 15. Frm A'. IV. heck to S. Ktdtrate. fnjh. I fent two men to dig the Inow from about my houfe on Great Ifland ; a wolf had jufl been upon it, and they faw him not far oir. Mr. Daubeny went to his traps, and had a crofs-fox, a white one, and a raven ; he did but juft go in time, for he faw the wolf upon Slink Point, which would foon have cleared his traps for him. Mr. Collingham went to Hare Harbour; he had two white-foxes, and killed a porcupine and five groufc, I vifited my traps ; one of which was ftruck up. From Burnt Knap I turned to the left, crofled Curlew Harbour, went upon a hill, near Mad Cove, and from thence returned home by the ftage ; I fiiw a yellow-fox. Dark, (haip weather, and it drifted in the afternoon. I made a beaver-net to-day of feal-twine. In the afternoon, Mr. Daubeny vifited fome of his traps near home; two of which were ftruck up. Sharp froft and much drift all day ; it fnowed till noon, but the fky was clear afterwards. Three men were digging a trench in the fnow round my dwelling- houfe on the ifland ; yefterday's drift having filled up that which had been dug lately, and it has alfo entirely buried the Caplin again, deeper than ftie was before. Mr. Daubeny made faft a log of wood to each of his traps, to prevent the wolves from carrying them away. Mr. Collingham went to North Harbour, where he had a crofs-fox, and killed five groufe. I vifited my traps ; foxes had been upon two, but they and THE FOURTH VOYAGE. A great run of foxes in 429 and mofl; of the reft were drifted up all the walks. It is very remarkable, that among the fnii; fifty-eight foxes which we killed this feafon, there were no more than four bitches : and out of five lince, only one dog. Sharp froft all day ; pleafant weather till four o'clock ; it then began to blow, drift, and turn dark. Three men were throwing the fnow out of the falt-houfe. Mr. Daubeny went to his traps and the ifland, but got nothing. Mr. CoUingham had a crofs-fox in Hare Harbour. I fat watching on the iop of the hill above the houfe for fome time : from whence I faw a long narrow vein of water in the ofting, which extended a confiderable diftance each way, farther than the eye could command. Dull, with a httle fnow in the morning, clear afterwards ; it thawed in the middle of the day, but froze fliarply afterwards. Three men were at work in the falt-lioufe. Mr. Daubeny went to the South-weft Marihes, and killed a fpruce-game, then to his traps, and the illand. I vilited my traps, every one of which were frozen on the ground, and there was no fign of foxes. At nine this morning, two of Mr. Coghlan's men came here from Sandhill Cove, and brought a crofs-fox out of one of Mr. Collingham's traps in North Harbour. They wanted fomc medicines for their head man, who, is in a bad ftate of health ; alfo informed me, that they had killed but live foxes fmcc one of them was laft here ; and that the outer part of Table Bay was broken up, and there was a great run of the fea upon Ledge Ifland. In the afternoon, Mr. CoUingham went to North Har- bour, where he found all his traps robbed : and he informed me, that there was water to be feen at Cove Ifland. Hard froft, and a clear fl^y all day. Laft >779 April. IVind hard. Tridiiy 16. W.jTfJh. N. S3t\ir(lay 17. IV. /mart. -.aim. I ;H 4;]« THE FOURTH VOYAGE. r~^ April. Siiiidiiv iTi. Wind N. h lt\ Jmart. Monday 19. A'. ;r, Jhcrg. TiicGby lo. Laft night a wolf carried off the carcafs of a fox which lay ' on the ice near this houfe. Mr. Daubeny went to his traps on the point, cxpeding to find him in one of them, but inflead of that he had a white-fox. ' A dark, fharp day ; Iqually at night, with a httlc fnow. Coghlan's men went home this morning. Daubeny and Col- hngham went a porcupine-hunting to the well ward, but found none; they faw Ibme old bea\er-cuttings by a pond, and re- turned home by CoUingham's traps on V'cniibn Head ; one of which was carried away by a fox, that they followed a confi- derable dillance by the track, but could not find him. After dinner I went out with CoUingham, and being fortunate enough to fmd the track again, we at lall came up with the fox, upon the ice in the mouth of Blackguard Bay, it was a fmall white one. He had dragged the trap near two miles in the ftreight line, but if all the turns had been meafured, the diflance would have been almoll doubled. Severe froll all day, and dark till five o'clock, when we had a hard fquall of Avind, alter which it became a fine evening. Two men were clearing the fnow out of the falt-houfe, which they finilhed in the evening. At day-light I fcnt Martin out a decr-fliooting, and at ten o'clock he retvuned with the heart of a hind, which he had killed in the valley on the fouth fide of Mount Martin. He went back with two other men, and a couple of dogs in a large fled, and brought her home. I went along with them, took the calf out of her, and dragged it after mc round my traps ; one of which hud a white-fox in it, and another was carried a little diflance olf, by another fox, which had gotten out. I killed a groufe with my rifle. Both Daubeny and CoUingham vifited dieir traps, the latter thofe in North Harbour, but got nothing. At eleven o'clock three of Mr. -loV Apiil. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. Mr. Coglilans men came here from Sandhill Cove, one of them was the head-man of that place, and anothc r, the headman of Black-bear Bay. The latter informed me, that his crew had killed but tour deer and fifteen foxes, eleven of which were while ones, and that deer were now very plentiful about that place. The deer which Martin killed to-day, I judge to be four years old; fhc was dry lafl fummcr, but jjjw with calf ; is in good condition for this time of the year, and weighs one hundred and twenty-fix pounds. Seven more were with her. A mild day; cloudy till five o'clock, and clear afterwards. At day -break Mrs. Selby was taken in labour, and at ten o'clock I delivered her of a daughter. At feven Mr. Coghlan's men fet off for Sandhill Cove. Daubeny and Collingham went round the traps of the latter, on Venifon Head, and brought in a white-fox. 1 hrce men were throwing the fnow out of the cook-room. Sharp frolt, and clear all day. Two men were at work in the cook-room. Mr. Daubeny went Thurf.iav aa. Wcdncf. 21, IVInd N. IV. Jr,Jk. Jirong, little. with me round my traps ; three of them were carried off by foxes, none of which we could find. He fliot a hare, and we faw another; alfo a brace of white-foxes near a breeding earth, which is under the cliff on the north-eafl fide of Mount Mar- tin, on which there is a falcon's neft. The offing breaks up but flowly ; the ice has parted from Cape North, by the outer Siller, to the inner Gamiet, and nearly in a north-well line from thence. A clear, hot fun, which melted the fnow fafl. Mr. Collingham vifited his traps in North Harbour, where he had a crofs-fox and a white one, and fiiot five groufc; he faw M'. Jlicng, frijlu thl!(. S. K. ij I ^^1 11 I 432 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. «779- April. IVivd Jfrong. faw tlie fVclli llol of a herd of deer, which had come off the South Barrens and gone for Ledge Ifland. Mr. Daubeny took a man and tlic dog with him, and went to hunt for my loll traps but could not find any of them ; tor the fnow now meU.s fo faft, that all marks arc fbon diffolved. After dinner he vifi ted his own, and killed a groufc. A faddleback appeared to-day, which is a furc fign, that the ice has parted from the ihore to the fbuthward. A hot dav. Saturd.iy 24, K. N. E. Jmart, littU, Sunday 25. S. linle. fujh. Jv.art, Two men were at work upon the ifland part of the day. Daubeny and Collingham vifited their traps, and the former fliot a groufe. Martin took the dogs to try for my lofl; traps, and found one with a good crofs-fox in it ; he alfo faw the flot of eight deer, which had gone towards the north-eafl end of Great Ifland ; of eleven, which had gone on the top of Mount Martin ; and of a fingle one, which had gone through Weftern Tickle for Venifon Head. The coopers finiflied the tierces to-day. Hard froft and a dull day, with fome fnow. After breakfaft: I took a walk* to the top of the higheft hill on Great Ifland, and obferved that the offing was not broken up much more than it was on Thurfday lafl. At noon, two deer came from Venifon Head through Weftern Tickle ; one of which bled a little, and they feemed to have been diflurbed. I followed them up South-eaft Cove to the firft; pond, but as they did not ftop to feed, I turned over Mount Martin homeward, and there met with a crofs-fox in one of my traps ; it was ex- ceedingly trace-galled, and the colour quite faded. I obferved that the herd of deer, which crofled the Mount yefterday to the northward, had re-pafled it in the evening. I ftruck up my two fouthernmoft traps. A fliarp froft all day. Two IHE FOURTH VOYAGE. J' wo men cleared the fnow out of the Beaver and Mr. Scyde's boat. Mr. Collingham went to North Harbour ; he had a ra- ven in one of his traps, and brought them all into this harbour. He faw the Hot of eleven deer, which had gone towards the South Barrens this morning, and on his return met three others gomg the fume way, at which he would have had a (hot, if his dog had not got loofc and driven them back. I fent Martin to look for my lofl: traps again, but he could not find them ; hi^ Itruck up ali the reft, except one, and met witli three deer near Gravel Hills, one of which, being a flag, he wounded, but did not get him. In following him, he faw twenty-two more coming acrofs Table Bay from Ledge Ifland, but as it was late in the evening and a long way from hence, he did not wait for them. Another deer was feen to go through Wcflcrn Tickle up South -eaft Cove. A cloudy day, with but little froft. Two men were bringing the firewood out upon the ice, in order to make a raft of it. I fent Martin aiicr his wounded deer, and he got within twelve yards of him, but his gim having got wet, milled fuc, and he could not get near him again. He met with nine others on the High Barrens, and killed a fhiggard. At [even o'clock, eleven deer came upon the ice from the High Barrens and pointed towards this houfc; but cither winding the fmoke, or feeing Ibme of the people, two turned back, and the reft trotted downwards, and went throudi "Wcllern Tickle for \''eni(on llcnd. Danbeny, Collingham, and I en- deavoured to waylay them, but they were too nimble for us. I obferved that a brace had gone through there yeflerday to the fouth-caft, and fix to the nordi-wefl. Daubeny and I fat all the reft of the day on Slink Point, but faw no more. Collingham went to Hare Harbour, where he had a laven in one trap, a fox had carried off another, and he brought all the reft nearer Vol. II. Q K home. 433 >77'J« April. Monday aft. S. I,y E. Jrtlh. little. Tuc(J.iy i;*. N. W. littk. N. Utile. A-. £. 5. /r.v«. 434 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. »779. April. Wednef. 28. Wind A. little. K.E. S. E. S. frtjh. Prong. Tliiirrdav :'n. s. s. w. !iro,iji. /•'/'. Friday 30, S. .T. little. Mjy. Saturday 1 . S. W. Jrejh. home. Wc got water to-day off the ice, for the ufe of the Jioufc; having niched fnow for various ufes ever fince the firft week in December lafl. Hazy in the morning, bright and mild afterwards. At five this morning I fent five hands for the deer, and they returned with him at ten; his quarters weighed one hundred and t\venty pounds, and he had mewed a day or two ago. Mr. Duubcny went to Mount Martin and killed a brace of groulc. Mr. Collingham took three dogs, and found his loft trap with a white-fox in it, and killed a brace of groufe. I watched all day upon Slink Point, but biW nothing. A fliarp frofl laft night; it was clear and warm to-day till near noon, but afterwards cloudy and cold. Mr. Daubcny vifited his traps, and had a good crofs-fox. I lilt \v'atching till two o'clock, and faw a crofs-fox on Black- guard Bay. A heavy day, tliicatening rain. I fat watching for fix hours to-day, but faw nothing. There is but little fnow left on the harbour now, and the ice thaws fafi. Bright, and extremely hot till noon, hazy afterwards; and, at eight o'clock this evening, we had a very fmall fhower of rain ; the firll fince tlic fifteenth of November laft, which is twcnty-tiirce weeks and five days. Daubeny vifited his traps, and killed two brace of groufe. Collingham went to his in this harbour, but got nothing. The leaks over the dining and bed-rooms were covered with a frefti coat of paper, pitch, and tar. In the afternoon a pair of geefe flew over the houfc, and at the fame time I difcovered a brace THE FOURTH VOYAGE. a brace of old dry hinds upon the ice, coming for the fuddle near the houfe ; I placed myfelf there to receive them, but winding the cooper's houfe, they turned down along fhoie, croflctl a little below the Beaver, and went a^vay for Venifon Head. Mr. Daubcny followed them to the top of Berry Hill, from whence he faw them take the ice in Hare Harbour. Blackguard Bay is now half leg deep in water, but there is very little I'now or water on the ice in the iiarbour. This morning was clear, but the re II of the day cloudy and very mild. At noon I walked to the top of the hill above the houfe, and foon difco\'ered a brace of deer crofTnig Blackguard Bay from Round Ifland, for Venifon Head. I followed and found them at feed there, but the mofs being quite dry, and there being but very little wind, they heard me and went oflF into the country; they were both young male deer. Four black- ducks were fcen to day. Clear and hot. Daubeny vifited his traps, and killed three groufe. Col- lingham went to Venifon Head, where he had a white-fox ; alfo killed one groufe. I fat on Slink Point all the morning, but faw nothing. A gentle froft-, clear in the morning, and broken clouds af- terwards. Three men dug the Caplin out again. Mr. Daubeny went upon Mount Martin, and from thence to the fcaling-tilt, but faw nothing there ; he killed four brace of groufe on Slink Point in his way home. Cold, with broken clouds. 3K2 Three 435 M.IV. Sun Jay 2, tf'ind N. E. litt/f. Monday 3. S. W. liti/u n: K Tuelilay 4. A. llttU. li 43^ THE FOURTH VOYAGE. «779- May. Wcdncf. 5. IVindE.N.E. /mart. Thurfday 6, E, Jlormy. Friilay 7. E. N. £. Saturday 8. A^. yV. E. Jloimy. littU. frtjl,. Jl.rwy. SiinJay 9. tariavU. Three men went to tlie ifland, and hung fome feal and fal- mon-nets upon (hears to dry. Snowed all day. Mr. Collingham had a white-fox in a trap in the harbour, a wolf had got out of another, and he killed four groufe. It fnowed all day ; thawed in the morning ; afterwards it froze and drifted. This proved an exceeding bad day ; for it blew a gale of wind, attended with fnow, drift, and fharp froft. A great deal of fnow has fallen within thefe three days part, and my houfe has leaked in every part. Mr. Daubeny vilited his traps and killed five groufe. Mr. Collingham went to Venifon Head, where he had a yellow-fox; alfo killed a groufe. Thick fog all day with thaw; it rained in the evening. After brcakfafl; I took a walk to the end of Slink Point, in expectation of feeing the ice broken up by the late gales of wind; but I could not obferve that it was more fo now than before ; which convinces me, that there mull be avail body of drift-ice dill upon the coall, extendmg to a great di (lance from land; otherwife a (well mud have rolled in, lUfficient to have ripped it up in every place which is not land-locked. I killed a groufe with a ball, out of my double-barrelled gun ; obferved that Indian fallad made its appearance ; and that the mountain fal- low was in bud. Thefe are the firft inftances of vegetation I have taken notice of this fpring. A cloudy morning, and hazy the red of the day; with mild weather, which carried off a great deal of the late fnow. Mn THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 437 Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps and went to the iiland, where he fct the people to llud the dwelling-houlc on tlie outfidc; alfo he killed a groufe. CoUinghum killrd five groufe on Slink i'oint. I fat watching on the hill over Wellern lickle ior feven hours, but faw nothing. Broken clouds till five o'clock, clear afterwards, with a gentle (roll all day. This morning the ice was broken up from Cape North along (hore as far as the entrance of Curlew Harbour, and from thence to the back of Green Ifland, both fides of Long Ifland, and the back of Round Ifland : from that place to the outfidc of Leveret Ifland, and then to the eaft-end of Huntingdon Ifland, pro- ceeding along the back of it, and the other iflands to the north- ward, farther than I could fee. After break! ; ft I went upon the hill above the houfe, and immediately diicovered a hind and calf upon the ice near the head of the harbour. They laid down there, and Daubeny and Collingham went after them; but the deer got fight of them at a conflderable diftance, came down this way and pointed liril for one pafs and then for an- other, fcveral times. I headed them twice, but they difappointed me at laft, and were crofling the neck by the Beaver when Mar- tin meeting them there, they took the ice again, trotted down along fliore, paifed through Weftern I'ickle, and went to Veni- fon Head. Collingham vifitod his traps in thiii harbour and had a white-fox. A cloudy, cold day, and it rained a goofl deal in the night. This morning, the ice in Blackguard Bay was broke up in a line from the extreme part of Slink Point, to the point under Berry Hill ; but not clofe to the fliore, on either fide. The wiiole of the north-weft fide of Great Ifland is clear ; feveral flocks of ducks were feen to fly paft Venifon Head to-day. . I had. TucfJay 111 S. ItttU. Wcdiicf. IC 5. S. E. fnjh. 1779- Mav. Tluirfday 13. Fr'day 1 j. A', by F. modciati. 438 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. had the Roebuck turned up to dry ready for trimming, and Tome more Ituds carried down to the ifland. Mr. Daubeny killed four groufe on Shnk Point. The bloodhound dog being h'lme aiul unfit for Icrvice, he was killed to-day, as there was not much probability of his recovery. Cloudy, foggy, moift, raw weather. Three men lludding the houfe on the ifland. Blackguard Bay filled full of drift ice. I faw fome dogberry-bu flies in bud. The Aveather much the fame as yefterday, with the addition of fleet in the morning, and fmall rain in the evening. Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps this morning, and had the fmallefl; white-fox I ever faw ; it weighed only fix pounds and three quarters, although it was very fat, which is a pound and a quarter lefs than the hares here. He afterwards went to the ifland and had the Loufe finiflied. Mr. GDllingham went to his traps on Venifon Head, where he had a yellow-fox, and fl-^ot two white ones, which he found under fome rocks. I took a walk to the coopers' houfe, and then along fliore, but faw nothing. I got an egg out of a butcher-bird's ncfl:, which is in the top of a fpruce-tree clofe to my houfe. Thefe birds build their nefts exacily in the fame manner as houfe-fparrows do, when they build in a tree ; and their eggs are as like as poflible to the eggs of thole birds. The weather was much the fame again to-day, only that we had no fleet, but a httle rain fell in the morning. Saturday 15. After brcakfall I crollid the harbour, and went round my callcrn trap- walk in quell of deer, but faw no fign of any. I llruck up all the traps v/hich Martin left tailed. No water to be fcen from the top of Mount Martin, excepting to the northward of the Gannet Iflands, and that part of the fea is iijll of THE FOURTH VOYAGK. of drift-ice. A great fwell came into Blackguard Bay and Wellern Tickle this afternoon, which ripped up the ice as far as it reached. '139 »779' May, This morning all Blackguard Bay was broken up, except the fhoaly parts and White Cove; but the ice was kept in by the wind. Mr. Daubeny went to South-eaft. Cove to look for the two traps which he loft in the winter; he found one of them with a white-fox alive in it; that trap having been buried ur.dcr the drift till lately. Clear till noon, fmall clouds a fter. The Roebuck was repaired and trimmed. Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps and had a bitch crofs-fox which had lately pupped; fhe had but fevcn teats, three on the right, and four on her left fide, which appears to me fomcwhat extraordinary ; fhe had likewife entirely loll her fur. After breakflifl I walked to the end of Slink Point, and brought a fox out of one of Mr. Daubeny 's traps, of a very Angular kind and colour; it muft be either a faded blue, or a crofs, between a blue and- a white; and its fur was much clofer and longer than common, and inclined to curl. Mr. Collingham went to Narrow Marfli, to look for the trap which he lolt there in tlie beginning of the winter; he found the pLice, but the trap was gone. lie brouglit two white-foxes out of his harbour traps. Grcady killed a goofe this morning. The lun was out all day, but it was cohl ia the wind, .nd froze Iharply at night. After breakfaft I took a walk to die South-weft Maiflics, to view a deer-path which Mr. Collingham tc" I me of. I found it a very good one, and obferved, that a pound for taking deer alive might be crcfled on it, with very little trouble anc^ expence. Daubeny Sun.Iav 1 6, N. ItttU, Monday i7t liitU and variable. T.i,'rii,,v 1 8; >s'. ,s'. r. lutk, Jnpu ' " i'i 4i W. Jhuiiiy. frcftl. Hide. calm. I carried three deer-flips to Narrow Marfli, and tailed them in the path there. In the afternoon, obferving a great number of ducks in the weft corner of Blackguard Bay, I had the Roebuck launched round on the ice to that place : but there being then no wind, they were fo fhy that I could kill only one. There were feveral hounds and gulls, with fome pigeons and black-divers among them. It fro^e flia'-ply all day ; fnowed fall till ten o'clock, and was clear after. Tliurfdav 20, N. by E. J mart. Unit. Friday i: 1 ; A'. E. lh:!e. Mr. Collingham went to Venifon Mead, and faw a white-fox get out of one of his traps. One of the Ikiflfs at the fealing-pofl: was trimmed. Mr. Daubcny killed a brace of ptarmigans. I fliot the hen butcher-bird and had her nefl taken, which had fix eggs more in ii ; the cock bird I fliot a few days ago; and as I am now in pollcifion of then-, both, I mean to flun" the fkins. It fnowed fafl till nine this morning, and was clear aiterwards. I fciit all hands dov/n 'o lliv: illanci, to open and :iir the pile of liili ; but finding it in perfccl good order, they luaved a few (juintals only of the crown : the coopers and my tvvo wooders tlicn returned. I brought home a white-fox out of one of Dau- bcny's THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 441 beny's traps, which, with the eleven Tero had when Collingham left him, make a hundred in the whole. I never knew the foxes to be in fuch bad condition as they were in this lad win- ter ; for fomc of them were not in full feafon above a month ; and they were all much poorer than ufucil, which I attribute to feeding fo much on mice : nor did I ever lofe fo many traps in a feafon before ; thirteen have been carried off' by foxes, two by wolves; and two large, and two fmall ones broken by deer. A clear day with (harp froll. Early in the morning, Mr. Collingham went round the flips, by Narrow Marfli, and his traps in the harbour. He had a brace of white-foxes, and fliot a diver. Mr. Daubeny and four hands went to the fcaling-poll to try for the nets, but found only one which was rotten. As they went, he broke through the ice with one foot, and one of the people did the fame as they came back; for it is now very thin and tender. I took a fhort walk and brought home two of my flips which had been out all the win- ter ; but both of them were gnawed afunder by vermin. Blackguard Bay is clear of ice ; buUhe offing is full again. A thin haze aloft, \vith a hot fun and very mild air. Mr. Daubeny flruck up his traps which were at the head of Blackguard Bay, as did Mr. Collingham diofe of his which were on Venifon Head; he found two of thofe which he lofl in the winter, and killed a brace of groufc. Blackguard Bay is full of ice, as is alfo the offing to the north-eall of Long Illand, but clear to the north- well of it. A very hot day, with thin haze. >779- Miy. S, vttderatt. Saturday 22, W. N. W. moderate. little. Sunday 23. little and variable. Seven hands were carrying and making a raft of the firewood Monday si, upon the ice, which is now grown fo bad, that they could not ^- ^-pong. work after half flood, or they would have finifl:ied it to night. Vol. II. 3 L My 442 '779- Mty. Tiicfday 25, .'/. m\.'irate. W'tinifl. iO, y.fnjh. lUllt. Tin: rOURTII VOYAGE. My two woodcrs were employed all llic forenoon in building a u'harf of Rone before the houlb, to land goods on. After dinner I fent them with Mr. Collingham to launch the Roebuck, which had been left upon the ice on the nineteenth, and to bring her to a flifer place ; he killed a pair of black-ducks and a fliellbird. Snow all day, with lliarp froll. The people finifhed the raft this morning, and then let down Mr. Seydcs' boat in order to trim her. Mr. Collingham had a white-fox in one of his traps in the harbour; he flruck them all up and brought two flips from the iilhmus, which had been out all \vinter. Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps on Slink Point, and ihot a groufe. Sharp froll all day; foggy in the morning, and clear after- wards. One of my fervants having informed me on Thurfday lafl, that a criminal connexion had been carried on between Mrs. Sclby and Mr. Daubeny, and as he had difcovered me this morning in an attempt to get ocular demonllration of it, I tried the alfair publicly. The fad being clearly proved by two witnelTefs, and by very llrong corroborating circumllances re- lated by feven others, together with her own confeilion, I de- clared as formal a divorce between us as ever was pronounced m Doctors Connnons. Upon reading the depofitions to Daubeny, and alking him what he had to lay in his defence, he pofitively denied the whole ; accuCcd her of being in a combination with the other people again 11 him, offered to take his moft folemn oatli to the truth of his affertions, and repeatedly prelfe £. 'lorm\; Monday 31, Jirvng, June. Tuefd.iy 1. mcderaU, THE FOURTH VOYAGE. I breakfafled early and immediately after went out a fhoot- ing in the Roebuck with four hands; I killed five eider-ducks and a goofc, and one of the people killed a hare. We landed on Sadler's Ihand, in hopes of finding feme eggs, but the back-> wardnefs of the fpring has prevented the gulls from laying yet: we gathered many large rnufcles on a rock in North-eall Tickle. A foggy, raw day. Six hands went to the ifland this morning to dig a chcd out. of the imith's fhop, where i*^ has been all the winter buried in the fnow. By working down the flue they got it out, and found one fide of the roof of the fhop broken down by the weight of fnow. They alio walked to the other end of the ifland, brought the Ikifl' which lay there to this place, and killed a pair of ducks. Mrs. Sclby's child being very ill to-day, I baptized it by the name of Maria. Dark till two o'clock, and the reft of the day proved as bad weather as it ufually is in the month of January in England. I fent four hands to the ifland for bread-boxes, oars, and fomc other things, and had a fortnight's provifions weighed out for eight men. Notwithftanding Daubeny offered to take his oath that he was perfectly innocent of all which he had been accufed of, yet, this day, he confefled to me, that he was guilty of the crime laid to his charge. Dull, foggy, raw, and cold rill fix o'clock ; it then rained hard for an hour, after which tiie fky cleared. At nine o'clock this inorning I fent Daubeny in a flciff'with four hands to Wliite-bcar River, a rinding. I had a punt trimmed, and at fix in the evening, fent four other men after him. I took an account of the provifions which are left, and found that, owing to the fucceis of our traps, flips, and guns, together with '^ood oeconomy, I have now enough left to laft until THE FOURTH VOYAGE. until the end of September. I was under tlic greatefl apprc- ' henfion all winter, of falling Ihort of provilions before any vcIFel could arrive with a fupply. From the deUys of wait- ing for, and failing with convoy, I did not fuppofe the arrival could be earlier than the middle of July ; and, if the vefTel fhoukl chance to be taken, I fliould be obliged to (end a boat to St. John's, in Newfoundland. I therefore would not fhflfer a mor- fel of faked meat to be expended at fuch times as there \vas any thing frelh in the houle: and it was no fmall additional uneafmefs to me, that my people were, three or four times, on the point of mutiny, becaufe I would not give them faked pork, which they threatened to take by force : but 1 prevented their doing fo, by alTurin!^ them, that I would fhoot the firft, and every man, who fhould make an attempt of the kind. Unfortunately, the foxes went out of feafon much fooncr than ufual, and by the month of March, they fmellcd fo rank, that I could not infifl; on their eating them. I then hit upon an ex- pedient which was of lingular help to mc ; for on catching the iirft white-fox, I fkinned him wiili groat cu c aiatl ate him my- fclf, telling my people, that a white-fox was fiiperior to a hare. This fet them a longing -, and then, by way of an indulgence, I gave them all we caught afterwards ; but the htl was, they were no better than thofe of other colours ; they however fatisfied the cravings of the appetite, and kept us fiom famifli- iT»g. Before they went ofl'this morning, I had the fatisfuction to receive their voluntary thanks lor not giving way to their unreafonable demands; they being now convinced, that wc mull all inevitably have perifhed if I had. All Blackguard Bay is now clear of ice, except White Cove, and that is full yet. Foggy rill nine o'clock, cloudy anJ raw afterwards ; and m the evening, it thundered to the weflward. There : 415 >v_. «779- June. •''ll '11 ■ ■■ . i If •;:; I il 4lG I'HE FOURTH VOYAGE. r— ^- 1-7')- )iilir. M'ellnff. 'J Win,! alt. A'. £. /.(//•■, Friday 4. f. frtpu little. Tlicrc is Hill a bridge of ice in this harbour irom Great Klancl to ilic oppolitc fhore, and anothei* from Shnk Point to the loot of Mount Martin. All to the (buthward is fad. in the middle, y<-'t entirely thawed by the fun round thelhore; and the whole is li) weak, that it can livirdly hold together two days longer. I fat fbme time uv the water-fide above the houfc, and killed an eider-duck and three gulls, but having no dog, except the greyhound, I got only one of the latter: in the evening Mr. C'oUinghain went olf on a pan of ice, and got the duck and another gull. Foggy, raw weather all day. Mr. Collingliam killed a pair of fhellbirds, and I one. On Slink Point I Ibund the head of a well-grown, yellow fox-cub, which had been eaten there by an eagle ; but fioni whence it was brought, I cannot imagine. I'he bridge of ice wliicli was below the ftage, gave way this evening. Weather, the lame as yeflerday, and it rained hard all night. After breakfafl I took Mr. Collingham and the wooders with me, and went to the ifland. We found the head of the flage raifed up about five inches, many of the pods, fhores, and floutcrs gone, and the ice in a folid bed under it, about four feet thick, which hung entirely by the timber: as foon as the tide had fallen a little, it would be likely to carry the whole away, if any lea came into the harbour. We chopped part of it away, and in fo doing, Mr. Collingham chopped himfeJf into the water, got a mofl complete ducking, and lofb his hatchet. We fpanned fome of the ports and fhores, did fome other bufi- ncfs, fhot a goofe, and returned home at feven in the evening. This is a remarkable backward ipiing, and the weather of late has been much colder and worfe than common at this time of 417 . — ^ — . '77')- June. Siiiiril.iy J, lVi„d f., nwdiiiitf. /"A S. E. THE FOUIITII VOYAGE. of tlic year. To-day it laiiial hard till iiino in i!ie morning, and the red of it was very cold, with thick fog. This morning Mr. Collingham crolTcd tlie neck, with iiis qun, and killed a duck. After breakliill I look him and one man wiih mc and went to the ilhmd, where ihey chopped away all the ice, as far in as above low water mark, where it lay aground. In the mean time, I cleared a hnall Ipot of ground from bufhes, and lowed it with radilhes and onions; and lowed another bit, (which hitherto had grown nothing but heath) with radilhes alone. I alio fowed above a pound of \vhitc clover-feed in diflcrent places round the buildings. At three in the afternoon I landed on Slink Point and returned home, but they remained on the ifland ; having taken their bedding for that purpofc. I killed an cider-duck. In the afternoon, all the ice on this (idc of the harbour, and mod of liiat on the other, gave way, and I expeft the red will be gone in the morning. Clear from one to eight o'clock; very foggy the red of the day. A large halo round the fun this evening; which is a lign of bad ^veathcr. Mr. Colhngham brought a couple of quintals of fifhoutof SnrJ.iy 6. the pile this morning, and then returned. " "'''* At day-light it froze very Iharply, and there was a thick fog; ^- 1"- /"""■'' the red of the day was very dark : from three in the after- j^^^^,^ noon it rained hard, and continued all night; exceedingly cold weather. At noon all the remainder of the ice gave '*vay, and drove Mor.diy 7. over to this hde. ^ Hard rain, and very bad weather all day. This . i ^ .<^^^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 1.1 L;|2£ 125 |jo "^~ IWB ■ii liiii |22 L° 12.0 lit lU lit 11.25 giu ik 1.6 .^ cy /. Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WIST MAIN STMiT WCBSTH.N.Y. UStO (71«) •72-4503 4l8 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. »779« June. Tucfiliy 8. ir„id A'. E. heavy gaits. W'ldnef. 9. A'. I. nii'dtrute. Thurfday 10. N.Jloimy. f.fjh. Jlormy. Friday it. N. Jlcrmy. This was a terrible, bad day. The ground is greatly flooded, and I fear the rivers will overflow. If any (hips are on this coaft now, God help them! unlcfs they are piratical privateers, coming to plunder innocent people again ; for fuch, I recom- mend to their friend the D — 1. This morning, all the ice, both in this harbour and White Cove, was gone. One of my people having a large boil on his belly, and fome more appearing, I applied a poultice to each of them, took feventeen ounces of blood from him, and gave Him a dofe of jallap. A thick, wet fog all day. After dinner I went to the people's houfe, where I took the fliallop's fails out of the bark, and fpread them to dry. I then went to Mr. Seydes' boat, which I found left in a (hameful fituation ; being liable to be carried away by a high tide : I made fafl; the end of a rope to her, which was all I could do. I hid away three traps, alfb killed a pair of eider-ducks; the feafon is fo backward, that they were not yet with egg. This morning was very fogg)'^ with fmall rain ; at ten o'clock it fnowed, and the remainder was mifl.y, dark, and cold ; very fui table for December in England. At noon I walked to Mr, Seydes* boat, and hid away another trap. I got a fliot at about forty eider-ducks, pretty well doubled up, and killed three ; alfo crippled five or fix more, but got only one : for both the weather and water were fo cold, that my greyhound, who has learnt from the Newfoundland dogs to fetch birds out of the water, would go in but once ; they were a very fine fiiot for a large gun, but my double-bar- rel has fo fmall a bore, that it carries only fifty-two grains of B. B. ftiot. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 449 fhot. Upon examining the down of thcfe ducks, which is fo valuable, warm, elaftic, and light, I found that it grows out of the body in the manner of a feather ; whofe whole length, both of quill and (haft, is extremely fine, and docs not exceed one tenth of an inch in length. On this grows a bunch of feathery fubllanccs, reiembling the harle on the fides of a peacock's tail- fcathci-, which are from eight tenths of an inch to an inch and two tenths in length. I counted the number of harks on two of thcfe ftems, and found one to have ninety-fix, the other fifty- two; but not having a microfcope, I could not tell if cither of them was entire or not. Weather as yellerday, till feven in the eveiung, the flcy then cleared, and we were blefled with the fmiles of the enlivening fun once more. I walked to the point this morning, and haled Mr. CoUingham ^^' for the boat ; we then went to the raft of wood and the two (hallops which are on the other fide of the harbour, where we obferved two white-bears had lately been. We landed on both the harbour iflands, and found one gull's ncft with three eggs, but the ducks had only fcraped out their nefls yet. At noon, Mr. Daubeny returned with both flvilFs and all the people, ex- cept two, whom he left to take care of the rinds: they had taken off three hundred and forty nitches, but many of them were fpoiled by the backwardnefs of the feafon. He brought Tero down with him, who had killed but fix martens, two foxes, one beaver, and one otter, fince Mr. CoUingham left him. In their way home, they picked up a hundred and thirty-two eggs ; fome few of which were duck's, all the reft gull's. Mr. Seydcs' boat was thwarted down in order to get her afloat, but the tide did not make high enough. I hid away three of Collingham's traps. The main jam is driven within the Gannets again. • 779. June. Wind N. fmait. urd.u Vol IL 3M The 45^ THE FOURTH VOYAGE. ( — ^-^ June. Sunday 13. mnd N. N. E. fujh. S. E. tittle. Monday 14. calm. S. E. little. mcdetate. Tunfday 15. yV. W.fmart. W. little. I'., moderate, S. S. E. littlt' Wed IK f. t6. calm. S. S. E. made rale. The boat was thwarted down lower, and in the evening fhe floated off; flie was then brought round into the harbour, and moored abreafl of this houfe. I went to Narrow Marfli and took up the deer-flips. A fliarp froft all day ; it not only fnowed, but abfolutely drifted till nine this morning, but the remainder of the day proved better than any which we have had of a long time. The Martin was trimmed to-day, and in the evening we got her afloat. I went in queft of the two anchors which were left in the water lafl fall, but could find only one of them, which we took up. As we rowed along fliore, I obferved a white-fox go under a flat rock, from which I pulled him out with a fifti- hook tied to the end of a flick -, bound his legs, tied up his mouth, intending to keep him alive ; but by binding it up too clofe, and the fun fliining very hot upon him, he foon fefl into con- vulfions and died. It froze fo very hard this morning, there being a dead calm, that the whole harbour was caught over with fuch ftrong ice, that it cut a new IkiflPalmofl: through her bows, as flie was rowed acrofs to the fliallops; the refl of the day proved perfeftly clear, and exceflively hot. The ftage was repaired, fome of the things brought from Curlew Harbour, and Mr. Seydes' fliallop rigged, ballafted, and fitted for fca. This was quite a fummer day, but, in the evening, there was a large halo round the fun. The raft of firewood was towed down to the ifland and landed ; and I had fome young trees reared up in front of this houfe, to hide it from ftrangers. I hid away two hogflieads of furs in the woods, and vifited the two harbour iflands; on one of which we THE FOURTH VOYAGE. >ve found a ranger dead, and on tlic other got ten duck eggs. I killed an eider-duck, Mr. CoUingham, a goofe, and we got a number of fine mufcles, upon a rock oppofite to this houfe. We alfo hid away three more traps. A fine day, but it rained in the evening. 451 «779. June. Windfftjh. moderatt. At four this morning I fent off Mr. Scydcs* boat, under the Ti"""'''**^ •". care of James Gready, afiiftcd by two other men, to be re- turned to him in Charles Harbour. I (hipped off fome pro- vifions, and the peoples' chells, &c. on board the Marten, and in the afternoon fent her to the (lagc to be rigged. A cloudy morning and evening, but clear and hot in the intermediate time. This morning I countermanded all the powers which I had Friday 18. formerly given to Mr. Jofeph Daubeny, as he refufed to deliver up the original ones ; and at two in the afternoon I fent liim, Mr. CoUingham, and all the reft of the people, except one boy, in the Marten for White-bear River ; where they are to take in the rinds and the two men \vhich were k ft there, and proceed to Paradife to prepare for the falmon-fifliery. This afternoon William Phippard and his crew arrived from Ivucktoke Bay, on their way to Sandhill Cove. He informed me, that they had killed but twenty-fix beavers, twenty-two martens, fix whitC'fbxes, and three wolverings; that he had feen but two families of Mountaineer Indians, from whom he had gotten twelve martens and an otter. I got eight beaver-fkins and three wolverings from him, in balance of a debt, which his late part- ner John Wrixon had contraded. He had been three weeks from his winter-houfe. He alfo told me, that they met with white-geefe, and another fort of fpruce-gamc, much larger than the common ones, the cock having a long tail ; that they were a fcarce bird, and fo very tame, they would almoft fuffer 3 M 2 themfelves tm 452 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. '779- June. thcmfelves to be taken off the trees by hand. Thefe, I prefume, are the fwans, and pleafants, faid by Mr. Ellis, to be found in Hudfon's Bay. He faw the ruins of three French fettlements, and found feveral bcaver-houfts ; but the place was fo much frequented by Indians, that the crews of beavers were all bro- ken ones. One of the Indians drew him a chart of that bay, upon birch rind ; it is very large, and contains feveral rivers, iflands and fmallcrbays. In going down to the llagc this after- noon, I was flruck by a cold wind in my loins, that brought on a mod fevere lumbago, which at night, was alfo attended by an excruciating fciatica in my left hip, and tormented me dread- fully all night. Saturday 19. E. A'. /•. moderate. S.E. E. Sunday 20. A'. A'. £. Jiormy Monday Si S. S. E. frejh. /mart. frtjh. . Early this morning Phippard failed for Sandhill Cove, but, by the >vind being contrary, he was not out of the harbour at two in the afternoon. I was very bad all this day, but better in the evening. Dull, moi/l, raw weather : fome rain in the day, and much in the night. 1 had a tolerable night, and was rather better to-day. In the afternoon, I went in the Roebuck with the boy, to the harbour illands, and gathered fixty duck eggs on the fmallell, and fliot a ranger on the rock near the other. I carried out five traps and hid them in water, as I have done all the reft. Morning and evening Ibggy with rain, the reft of the day fair. 1 had but an indifferent night and was very bad all this day ; in the evening I took eiyht ounces of blood from myfelf, and was rather better immediately after. A fair day with thin haze aloft till the afternoon, it then grew thick and fome fmall fleet fell ; exceedingly cold weather. I was THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 453 S. S. E. frcfh. I was rather worfe again lafl; night, but much better to-day, and worfe in the evening. Alter breakiall I took the boy with junc. me to the new fkifTupon Shnk Point in order to cover her with Tudii.iy 22. boughs ; but I found her almoll prcflTed flat by the weight of s. moderate. fhow which lay upon her all winter, I therefore did nothing to her. I fat for a fhort time at the point, and killed a pair of eider-ducks. On going to bed, I took fome calomel, guaiacum and camphire. This was a fine day, though the air was cooler than it ought to have been at this time of the year. I had an extremely bad night, and have been in very great ^^'«^Jnf f- ^3- pain all this day. I took a walk to the top of the hill, to recon- noitre the offing, but faw nothing moveable there, except a few illands of ice which were not very large; I fhot a duck. Going to bed, I took calomel, &c. as before. A fine, mild day till four o'clock, cold after. /"A A^. A', ir. fmart. S. E. Jnjiu I had a pretty good night, and this morning I took a dofe of Thurf.iay ?4. jalap, winch oncr.iLcJ pretty well, and I was much eaficr all '^"''"* day than at any time liiicc the attack. At night I put a bliller of three inches diameter under my knee on the outlide of my leg, and took twenty-fi\e drops of laudanum in f(jme beer. A foggy, moid day ; fome I'mall fliowers of rain in the aftcr- nocjn, and in tiic evening it fet in to rain hard, wliich continued all night. fcrr>y. I hud a very good night, but the bliflcr not rifing, fprinkled the plailler with frelh cantharides, and in the evening '.lie whole flcin came off in one piece ; my pains were no better all day, and at night I took calomel &c. as before. Hard rain, with fog all day. . iJiadi I'liiij)' 3, .J, i,\ THE lOURTII VOYAGE. TrriT^ ^ ''''^ "" extraordinary good night, and have been niudi June. cafici to-day than at any time hitherto. This morning I took "7i'Z t^venty.fi ve grains of jalap, which worked finartly, and, at night, «■/'!/♦• checked it with twenty drops of laudanum. ti.>dfrMt. A thick log, with continual rain. SutiJay 27. I i,ad a good night, and Tdt little other pain to-day than iljal of theblider; and even that was nothing, when lying down. Rain in the morning, and thick fog the reft of the day. Monday f 8. A'. F.. tittle. modtratt. liitU. Tuefday £9. A'. 6y £. Jrijh. After Ijrcakfufl I went to the harbour illands for eggs, and got feventy-Iix on the fmall one, but only one on the other. I took up four of my traps from the callern (hore and hid them ; then went to Great Illand, and found the little garden fpots in good condition, confidering the weather. I landed on the pigeon rocks, and got fome alexander, and a couple of pigeon's eggs on the middlemoll. I was mucli the fame to-day as ulual, but the pain of the blillcr was not quite fo bad. Thick fog till noon, which then lifted and promifed to clear, but in the evening it became as thick as ever, I went to Great Ifland and remained there mod part of the day, to have various jobs done. I fhot a loon, took a duck's neft, by the pond near the flagftafF and found a robin's neft. Thcfe birds are fome what bigger than a thrufh, are like that bird in fhape, but of a more beautiful plumage. They build the fame fort of neft, but their note is hke the blackbird's; theii eggs alfo, of which they /(.-Idom lay more than three, are very like thofe of the blackbird's. I had an indifferent night, and was exceedingly bad all day ; going out makes me worfe, but I cannot keep at home. Foggy till noon, then clear till the evening, when it grew dull. I had I" 4 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 455 '779. June. I had a tolerable night, but was very bad again all day. At night I got into a tub, and had warm water poured over my 'oins and lame thigh ; but neglecling to warm the room, I was '^'^'^"f- 3°' obliged to leave ofF before the operation was properly perform- ^- A'A- cd. I weighed fomc eggs to-day, and found thofe of the fad- dleback gull to be four ounces fifteen pennyweights ; eider- ducks, from three ounces fix pennyweights to four ounces; and pigeons, two ounces five pennyweights : I alfo weighed fome eider down, and found, that thirty-fcvcn of the little tufts weighed one grain. Thick fog, with moifl, raw weather. lit Ir- /'■^A 1 had but an indifferent night, yet was much better all day. xi.urfiV". At night I had a large tub filled with warm water, and fat in it m a^ i- near half an hour; then went to bed and had an additional blanket laid on, which made me jierfpire moderately. Foggy, moifl, raw weather. I had a pretty good night, was better to-day than at any time yet, and my blilltr is now healed. After brcakfall the boy and I went out a fifhing in the Rcjebuck, and tried at two places, both wiili jigger and bait, but caught nothing. Vs'c got fix eggs on the fmail ifland at the weft • ornerof RouikI Uland, and found that It inakis a fnug, fmai. i'arbour for Ihullops, and has been ufed by the Ef'quimaux for that purj o!'e. Wc tried Round Jlland, but faw only the tracks of a fox or two. We landed alfo on White-fox Ifiand, wlieie wc found great plenty of eggs, but got only twenty-two good ones. A whitr-bcur had lately been there, and plundered the ducks. From the top of White-fox Ifland, I obferved a jam of ice to extend from the illands to the northward of this place, within the Gannets and cloic to the outfide of Black Iflands, which bounded my view to the fbuthward; the nearefl part of it was about four miles north north-call from Long Ifland. /^ dull , Fr.day 2, i'/i THK lOURIH ^'OYAGE. Satiirtl.iy 3. li'iud S. E.Jh.my. Sulid.iy ,\, A'. E. Utllr, frrji. Utile. Monday ,,. A'. E.J} rung, Tucfiljy 6. A'. Jlr^iiij , modtrale. tiltlt. A «1:tll, ( loudy day, with log on llic tops of the hills ; moilt, and law weather. I had a <][rK)d night, and was cafy all this day. Veiv Itiiix , rainy, fogiry, cold weather all day. My complaints w»re nnuli the fame as yeflerday. Thfi boy and I launched th(; IkilF, brought her round into the har- bour, and went to the illands. Ua the fmall one we got live eggs, and on tiie large one, twenty-two ; moll of which were pigeons ; and we found many nells newly fcraped oiu. Fog, with fmall rain all day, except for a few hours in the middle of it, when the fun appeared. Bad weather all day. After breakfall I walked round the (horc as far as the hill on which the largell trap was tailed lall fall ; from thence, to the Hips under Table Hill, then to thole which were in the wood, to the wellvvard; two of which (having been gnawed by wolves, or foxes) I left, but brought die other three home. From thence, I went upon high South Barrens, wheeled round the fmall barren hill, and returned over the lower barrens to the fhore again. Obferving that fome black-bears had lately been fevcral times about the cooper's houle, I ordered the boy to take a falmon out of the watering hole, and carry it to that place ; but, upon examination, I found that the bears had been about this houfe alfo lad niglit, and had helped themfelves to the whole, which was almoll three large fdh : wherefore, I immediately built a bear-houfe, and tailed a gun in it. I then went to White Cove, to fee if they had crolfed at that place, and obfcrved the track of a lafl year's cub. From the hill on the laddie, on my return, I difcovered an old flie«bear with two cubs of laft year, in the cove THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 457 culm. S. E. frcjh. cove by the coopers' houfe ; I accordingly wctit ihiough the r— ^ — woods to meet them, but they heard mc and went off. I (hot j^iy. a black-duck, which was in full moult, and left the wings for the bears. A cold air all day, it rained till eight this morning, and was cloudv and fair, with Ibme fun afterwards. I went upon the hill above the houfe to take a view of the Wdncf. 7. ice, and obliLTvcd, that it was witliin the callern point of Hunt- ingdon liland, and clofc to the outer part of Round, and Green Ulands, and alfo to Cape North. In tiic afternoon I took the boy with me to the coopers' houfe ; built another bear-houfc there, and tailed a gun in it : I found th;it they had been there again fmcc I difturbed them lail night, and had taken the duck's wings. I'he mofchetos bit today for the full time. \ now feel to be perfectly recovered from my late complaints. A clear morning, a cloudy day, and at night, a fmart fliower of rain. Early in the morning I font Llicboy to look at the guns, but i no bears had been near thcni. After brcakfall I took him with me to the illand for fome oil and fait: then crofled the harbour and went to the clilfon the north-cill li 6 . 36 7» Total, 1000 H> 750 Total, Total 4161 Total, 9026 12396 463 The fifti were about fifteen pounds weight each, upon an average, and filled three hundred and ninety tierces of forty- two gallons. Had I not been vifited by the privateer laft year, I (hould have kept my nets out during the whole of the fcafon; and, from the length of time that I afterwards found the fal- mon continued to run up the river, am confident I fliould have killed upwards of thirty-two thou fand fidi; which would have produced a thoufand tierces. I ordered Mr. Daubeny and the three lliorcmcn down to the flage, and to take all the fpare rinds in the Marten. I took Mr. Collingham with me in the Beaver, and at fevcn o'clock we came to fail. Being near Duck Uland, I landed oppolitc to it, and walked along Ihore to the mouth of the I'mall brook, which empties itfelf into the fouth fide of Eaftern Arm in Sand- wich Bay, and the fhallop came to an anchor off it. The people then landed, and cut three good fpars and fome rafters. Good paths of bears and foxes run along this Ihore, and it is much. ^779' July. m. Wediief. SI. If'ind A". £. /'cfi. E, mikkrjtc,- i6i THE FOURTH VOYAGE. '779- July. h'iiid ,'ill!e. TIr.irfd.iy "' ViOL.valt, little. Friday 23. calm and liglil am. variable all day. S. E. Utile. S.iiiinliy '■'■\- .\. little. much ufed by geefe at certain times. I picked up above (ix fcore of excellent quills, which had dropped from their wings in the late moulting feafon, at which time they are in their prime; tiicfe quills are fold in London for two (hillings a fcore. At night, the Marten came to an anchor about two miles Ihort of us. A dull, cold day. At day. light I fcnt the hands from both boats to haul out the fpars and rafters, and tow them along fide, when we took in the former, but cad the latter adrift. They faw a black-bear by the fide of the brdok. At nine o'clock, both boats got under weigh and worked down the bay ; in the afitrnoon we anchored off the lower part of the north fhore and hauled a good fpar out of the woods, for the Marten to take on board; we then failed again, and at ten at night, anchored in Crofs Road. A foggy, cold day. We got under weigh at four o'clock this morning, and towed downwards ; we foon after faw a bitch-wolf, with four Imall cubs at her heels, running along the fhore between Muddy Bay and the narrows. I landed a head of them with my double-bar- rel and rifle, and fiiould have given a pretty good account of them, had they not turned into the woods. In Laar Cove we faw a black-bear ^\'ith one fmall cub ; off Venifon Head we caught fcvcn codlifli; and at ten at night, arrived at the llage. A clear day. At iluTC this nioiiiing, \ve got the fliallop to tlic ftage head, and unloaded her, and at eight I went home. At the fame time, the Marten arrived and was immediately unloaded. A Ikili hid been out three times fince I went away, to try for filh THE FOURTH VOYAGE. lifh, but met with none until yeflerday. when fhe brought in about a quintal caught with jiggers, and found tolerable plenty. This morning the Ihip's two boats came up here, when I loaded them with houfehold furniture, &c. and at noon, re- moved with my family to Great Ifland for the fummcr. This morning a hind and calf fwam o\'cr from Venifon Head, and landed clofe to my houfe on Great I Hand; but, upon feeing the people, they immediately took the water again and made off. Four hands purfued them in a fkifF, killed the hind, and caught tiie calf alive : they bound its legs, and kept it fo till my arrival, when I had a crib made for it at the end of my houfe. It appeared not to be very timorous nor wild, but feemed much diftrefled for want of its dam and her milk, for it ate white mofs, and other things out of my hand, and fucked the ends of my handkerchief moft eagerly ; fuffering me to ftroke it all the time. It was very quiet whenever I was with it, but grunted incelTantly, and tried to get out when it was left alone. A cloudy day. The roof of the falt-houfe was frelh covered with new rinds. Some goods were landed out of the fhip. Gready fitted the Marten for fea. We made three or four hauls for baits, by the ftage, but took only a very few lance, and fix caplin. 1 fent two boats to my winter4ioufe for fome more furniture. A cloudy, cold day. f* 4^5 r- ■'" '"> 1779. J-iy- Sunday 25. N. E. linU. James Gready and his crew went to fea in the Marten ; they returned at night with only one quintal and a half. The m^te of the (hip an^ his crew, were employed in fitting the Squiri;^ for fca. I lent the Lance baitfkiflf to White Cove and the iflands to the north-eaftj but Ihe could not find any baits. At noon, two 3 O men s. s. A mgdiraiu Monday 26. S. tv. modtrale, N, moderates little. Tuefday 2J S. S. E. moderate. \ i « 466 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. '779- July. Windfrtjh. men from Sandliill Cove came here to pay their debts; they crofTed the illhmus from North Harbour. They brought a few beavers' prides to fell, and informed me, that they had killed two hundred and forty tierces of falmon at that place, and fixty at Black-bear Bay ; and (hould have killed much more at the former, if they had had fait to cure them with. Wednef. s8. I. fujl,. N. IV. Jrcig. 'JTiurfd.iy .>()■ W. ■hrmv. I'Viday 30. iV, £. /n/i. moderate. little. Saturday 31. S.E. moderate. I lent the Marten and Lance to the fouthward for baits, and the Squirrel a filhing ; (he returned in the evening with five quintals. Captain Kinloch was making a foremaft for the Bea- ^•cr. A Ikiff load of clay was brought from the head of Black- guard Bay. I'hc Sandhill Cove people returned home. A fogg}', moid day, and it rained hard all night. t ; 'ihe Squirrel could not go out to-day, nor could much work be done on fliore, as it blew very hard, with continual fog and rain, and the weather was very cold. Kinloch having got up the Beaver's new mall, rigged her, completed her ballaft, and put fome hoops into her. I ordered the men to build a new chimney, for my litde kitchen, with clay and hay on laths, but they could not finifh it for want of a fufficiency of materials. The Squirrel brought in twelve quintals of filh and found them plentiful. Yefterday I led the deer-calf out in a halter, when it fed very greedily, but made fome few attempts for its liberty. This day it followed me loofe, in the fame manner as if I had been its dam. A foggy morning; the reft of the day clear and mild. I Jent the Beaver to the coopers' houfe for empty tierces, and (he took in ninety. A large jam of ice appeared to the northward of this place. In the evening both boats came in ; the THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 467 the Squirrel had three quintals of fifh, but the Marten only one and a half. She left the baitlkiff at Sandhill Cove this morning, but (he had got no baits, nor did the Marten meet with any filh in Table Bay. The people faw a hind and calf on the largeil; Black Ifland to-day, as they came pad it. A cloudy day. At ten this morning the Lance returned without any other baits than thirty-three young gulls and three old ducks, which they got upon the Sifters. At noon we hauled ten buckets of good lance by the ftage. At the fame time captain Kinloch failed in the Beaver for Paradife. In the afternoon John Mac Carthy having behaved very ill, and, as I was going to give him a ftroke with a ftick, he raifed a hatchet at me, and took an oath upon a book (which I believe was a prayer-book} that he would cleave me or any other man down, who (hould offer to go near him. He made feveral efforts to chop at me, and fome of my fervants, who attempted to take him, and then ran off to the other end of the ifland. At night he went into the cook-room, where one of the people took the hatchet from him, but he abfconded again. Rainy morning; clear and very hot after. The boats brought in twenty-fix quintals of fmall fifh. The flioremen covered in the ftage head, frelh hung the window- leaves, and did other work. No baits to be had. Mac Carthy fpoke to one of the people to-day; he afked provifions of him, but refufed to deliver himfelf up: Daubeny, Coliingham, and I watched him till midnight, but he did not come to the houies. . , ^ A cloudy day, with fmall Ihowers. . «779- July. mud frejk. vartaHf. Augufl. Sunday 1 . calm, S. t. noderatc. Monday s. N.W. noderatt* 3O8 Early 468 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. ^779' Atigull. Tuefilay 3. Ifind tittli and variablt. fC. moierate. Wetlnrf. /rejk. iittte and variable. Early this morning fotnc curlews appeared, and Mr. CoUing- ham fhot one of them. We opened the pile of old filh and re- packed Ibmeof it; a good deal feemed to be damaged, by the damp of the fods, fince it was opened lall. In the evening I fent the baitfkiff to put two old falmon-ncts upon Tinker Ifland, and bring home thofc which had been left there lad fummer : they were full of birds ; fome frcfli and many rotten. The boats brought in but one quintal of fifli to-day. Mac Carthy was feen by the baitfkifF's crew at the other end of the ifland, and Daubeny, Collingham, and I watched till midnight for him, but he did not appear. A very fine day, with a few drops of rain at times. At four this morning, it was difcovered, that Mac Carthy had taken the fealing-flciif from the flage head, and got oflF the ifland. As I imagined lie would go to my winter-houfe and break it opcu for provi lions, I fent Mr. G^llingham there ; who brought away ^vhat were left open, and tailed the large trap at the door : but learning afterwards that he had ftolen pro- vilions out of the Marten, I fuppofe he went for Sandhill Cove ; but do not think he would ealily reach that place, as it is a great di (lance round by the (bore to it. At ten o'clock, captain Kinlocli returned from Paradife, and informed mtf that, on Monday lufl, it blew fo hard in Sandwich Bay, as to oblige him to cut away the fhip's yawl, which he had in tow; in con- fequence of whicli, he had loft her. Tero, he told me, had kill- ed another black-bear andalfo a white one with his tailed gun, fince I came from thence ; Kinloch and all the people faw the latter go up to the gun and fhoot herfelf. We re-packed a gredt part of the old fifli, which was good, and fpread the reft. With • my glafs, I difcovered the fealing-flcifF, lying upon the fouth-eaft ftiore, and fent for her. The boats brought in only four quintals of THJi FOURTH VOYAGE. of Hfh to-day ; occaHoned by the ice hanging upon this part of tlie coail fo long, that the water is chilled lb much, that fewr fiQi will come into it. A large jam is now clofc without Long Ifland. A very fine day, with fome fmall fhowers in the evening. I fent captain Kinloch and two of his failors to my winter- houfe, to take off the roof and lower it. He returned in the evening and brought Mac Carthy with him ; who came to him at the houle, and delivered himfelf up. In my opinion, he went there to rob it ; not expelling to find any perfon at it. He faid that he intended going to Sandhill Cove, but having crofTed Table Bay Brook, and not knowing how far the cove was off, he tied his provifions (which were wrapped up in a dirty fhirt) to a tree, and then went forward to try if he could difcover the place, but without fucccls. On his return, finding his pro- vifions were gone, he fuppofed they had been carried oflf by a bear ; but I am of opinion, he was miftaken and could not find the place again. I fent the Lance to Tinker Illand, to clear the nets and put out two more ; they had fixty tinkers, and gave them to the boats. Wc re-packed the remainder of the old fifh, which we found not near fo bad as was expelled. The boats brought in twelve quintals of good fiQi. The ice is drawn off to the eaftward, but there is much fcattered ftuIF to the north-eaft. Both morning and evening were cloudy and cold ; the reft of the day was clear and hot. 4G9 Thurrday 5. mud calm. modeiiUe, Early in the morning I fent the Lance to Titikcr Illand, and Friday (>. ftie brought a hundred and forty-two tinkers. We heaved part of the filh that was re-^acked laft; but were obliged to faggot it upon the flakes immediately, on account of rain coming on. The boats brought in twenty-four quintals of fifh. In the 47° HIE FOURTH VOYAGE. Atigiil}, S. L. Ut!t. Sifiirday 7. A', ladtt Sunday 8. A^. N. W. JloTmy. N. N. E. moderate. littU. Monday 9. cdm. S, £• msderatt> tittle. the aficrnoon I gave* Mac Carthy twenty-feven lafhcs with a fmall dog-whip on his bare back, and intended to liavc made up the number tliirtv-ninc; but as he then f.iinted, I Hopped and rclcafrd him ; when lie thanked me on his knct-s for my le- nity, and acknowledged, that henotoiily delerved the punjlh- ment, but expected that I (hould have Hogged him marly to death. And as I had the pleafurc to oblerve, that all my ptoplc exprefled themfelves well pleafed with what I had done, I therefore hope to have no moreocCafion, to be reduced to the painful ncccffity of inflifting corporal puniftiment as an ex- ample to the reft. " : A (harp froft this morning, a cloudy day, and moift evening. We heaved fuch of the old fifh as were damp, and after- wards piled them on the top of the reft. A bulk of fifti was waflied out. The boats brought in thirty-one quintals. The fore part of this day hazy; the latter cloudy, with a fmart ftiower in the evening. In the evening, hauling the feine by the ftage, we took near two buckets of caplin and a few lance. Rain, fog, and cold, bad weather till four o'clock ; mild and clear afterwards. . . In the morning wc hauled the feine by the ftage, but got nothing. After breakfaft I fent Mr. Daubeny in the Lance to Tinker Ifland ; but there was too much fea for him to land. By the way he landed me on Long Ifland^ and took me ofl^ on his return. In the mean time I killed three large leverets and an old faddleback, and found three young ones; they all threw up frclh caplin, and I faw a pigeon bring one up, but they muft be only fome fcattered ones, as we could find none. In the afternoon I fent the (kifFto White Cove; where they hauled twelve THE FOURTH VOYAGE. ^J7i twelve buckets of pin-lancc (young ones. j The boats h: in only four quintals of filh. A frofty, foggy morning, and a hot fine day. u lit . —. ^ —• •. A'ljj'ill. We got fomc more clay for the kitchen chimney, and had a ''*"<^<^'y '"• little of it done. Mr. Daubeny went in the Lance to Tinker w.fr,ji:. llland, and brought a hundred and fixty-two tinkers out of the nets. I faw abundance of lance by the (lage. tIic boats brought in only three quintals and a half; fifh being very icarce. I faw but one flock of curlews to-day ; I believe there are not many this feafon, on account of the fcarcity of berries. A clear, hot day till two o'clock ; it then overcafl and thun- dered, and at five o'clock came on to rain. frrf:. moderate, little, E. N. E. modtratt. Jrong, I fent the boats to Cape North, in hopes that fifh were more Wcdncf. u. plentiful there; but they had no better fuccefs than yeflerday. ^-f"-/^- I went in a fkiff to the head of Blackguard Bay to get Ibme more clay, and, while the people were digging it, walked round Berry Hill, where I faw a few curlews, and killed one. I hid away one trap. A very fine day, yet the air was cold. £. little. S./rfJh. I took a walk this morning to the north point o£ this ifland, where I killed four curlews and three grey plover; alfo faw the track of a fox. A bulk of fifh was wafhcd out. In the even- ing we took thirty buckets of good lance by the flage. The boats brought in ten quintals of large fifh from Green Ifland. A very hot day. The baitfkifr went to Tinker Ifland, and brought a hundred birds. At noon I difcovered from Flagflaflf Hill, a black-bear on Ven.'fon Head: being accompanied by two men, I took three dogs and went over in a fltiff; we had a good courfe after him; Thurftlay 1 2, S. moderate > frejk. mtdtra'.e. little. Friday 13. IV, moderate, frejh. 472 1 IIK FOURTH VOYAGE. Aiigiil). //'. niojrtai' litiU. Saiiird.iy i). From S. round lo S. S. E. Uuk, hini lo the top of" Berry Hill, where the dogs caught, and woukl lixjn have killed him, but one of the people (hot him through the head. He was only acuboflud year; his quarters weighed but twenty-five pounds. The boats had tolerable filhing to-day at (ircen Illand ; they having killed fixtcen quintals. A fine, grey day. I took a walk round the illand with the dogs, but faw nothing: I was alio attended by my young deer, which is now pcrftilly tame, and I fliall here make fome remarks on thofe animals. Notwithllanding rein-deer are naturally very wild and timorous, yet no creature is fo foon, or io eflfeftually tamed if taken young ; but what they may be when caught afterwards I can- not tell. They not only grow very bold, but alfo fhcw great; afFeftion for fuch men and dogs as they take a hking to, and have a great fpite againfl thofe who affront them. This deer of mine has had its full liberty ever fince the fourth day after it was caught (except a few nights confinement in the crib, left the dogs Ihould kill it when we were all afleep) but lince that, it has conflantly lain out. It is not in the lead alarmed at any noife, not even at the report of a gun fired clofc to it ; but it is much terrified, if any dog runs after, or even near it, and any running of the people inftantly affrights it ; but the moment all is quiet, it is fo too. It will often go up to a dog and fmell to him : it is well acquainted with all mine, and will lie down by the fire amongfl them. I believe they fcarce ever fleep, for as much as I have watched this, I never could obferve, that it was ever alleep, or kept its eyes clofed for more than two feconds at a time ; and if I moved ever fo little, it would flart up. When I have lain down on the bed, at a time when it was lying on the floor, it would dart up every five or fix minutes, and come to fee that I was not gone ; and having licked my face, or THE FOURTH VOYAGE. i71 01 fucked Jiiy neck handkcrcliicl'a liiilc, it \voulcl quietly lie down aguitr Wlicn at any time it loll me, it would run about, grnntin^ luiucwljatlikc a hog, and never rell until it hud ioimd mc, whru it would run up to tne in lull Ijieed. Sometimes I iia\ c diverted my fill, with Hooping and rmining, both aft( r and from it, which pleafcd it much ; and it would do the fame, and frilk about in the lame manner, as I ha\e leeii the wild calves one among anotiicr : and I have likewife obferved, that whenever it is irightencd, it creels its hngle, which at all other tinie.> hangs down. It is a millaken notion that Uiey will not cat grafs, or fcarccly any thing but white mols ; for they will eat every kind of vegetable which this country naturally produces ; alcxander, and fome few other things excepted : nor have I yet been able to difcover that any bead in this country would cat alcxander, except black-bears, which arc very fond of it. Rein-deer do not feem to relifli grafs much, yet I have Icen mine eat a little, and it generally pn Rrrcd the coarli^il kinds. I have oitcn obferved, that in ihe latter end oi April, and in the month of May, die wild ones cat little eli'e belidcs dry grals and wild rye, which then appear througli ihe ihow. They allecl great variety in their food, while tlungs are in a growing Hate ; preferring the youngeil and moll juicy. This caufes them to vary their food every month ; and alfb feveral times in the fame day, accordingly as it is moid oi dry ; rejecting now Avhat an hour ago they preferred to every thing elfe. The leaves of the dogberry bufli when young, and a tender plant which grows by hill lides on moid ground, refembling crofs lettuce, as alfo a fucculent, aquatic plant which grows in ponds, all thefe they devour moll greedily. There is a fmall pond near this houfe which is full of the latter, and this deer of mine has eaten it clofe down to the water. I think I have feen the fame kind of plant in the Highlands of Scodand, and s what they ufe there in their beer, indead of hops. They alfo de- VOL II. 3 P light 474 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. «779' Ai'guft. light to cat the young leaves of mofl; forts of trees and Ihrubs whicli have not a rcfinous juice; particularly the willow: but 1 have known them eat the outer flioots of the black fpruce in the winter time, though but fparingly. I mod wonder that they are not fond of vetches, which grow in great abundance here. I have often tracked the wild ones through large beds of them, without obfcrving that they cropped any ; yet I have fccn mine eat a few fomctimes. This will eat a little of the crumb of foft bread, but will fcarcely touch the crufl, or bifcuit ; but that may be owing to the tendernels of its teeth. I'udding and boiled potatoes it is very fond of, but will not cat the latter raw; it will alfo eat boiled fait meat. They arc very fure footed ; for they will run along fiiore, over (harp, rough rocks, or fmooth, round, loofe ftones, without ever Humbling or (lipping; but on fmooth ice they can with diffi- culty Hand. They are beautifully made, are as flraight limbed, and have nearly the fame fhape as f he horle, only not fo good a neck. They \valk, trot, and gallop in the fame manner, and no old hiiutcr will take cither a flying, or flanding leap with more grace or judgment tlian my young deer will now. They have great llrength and are remarkably aftive; which renders them very uleful in a fled. They go very wide behind, are fearlcfs of their road, and will fwim with mod extraordi- nary fwifincfs, and to a prodigious dillance: I am certain they will fwim more than five miles in an hour, and I verily believe, fix. The flags have a deal more courage than the hinds, and thofe hinds which have calves, have lefs than the dry ones. When they hear a noife, or if they fee a man ftand- ing perft(!rtly flill, their curiofity will often tempt them to make out the objcrt ; a curiofity which I have known prove fatal to them : for they will frequendy gallop, or trot down within fixty or a hundred yards, and there ftand and gaze for the fpace of a minute or two. When they are fatisfied, they run off, THE FOURTH VOYAGE. i75 off, and generally fink the wind to be informed of a purfuit. < — ^^—, In the winter they mofl commonly go foveral miles before they Au<»ii. refl. If purfued by a do;^, they hulband their fpeed and wind furprilingly ; for the^' will fuflcr their purfucr to come by degrees within a few yards of them, but no nearer if they can prevent it; they will then continue to run at his rate until he is tired; and as foon as he (lops, they will do fo too, and turn about and look at him; after which they will go Icifurely on, but often Hop to look back. If they are upon ice, where there is much fnow, they will not quit it for the barren hills. When purfued in the fummer time, they always make for the nearell water, in which no land animal has the lead chance witli them. If their enemy comes up with them, they defend themfelvcs with their horns and hind feet; and are fo (Irong and a6livc, that a fair ftroke with either, generally proves fatal to wolf or dog, if the deer be an old one. I have often cat of various kinds of venifon, and in different countries; but I think none equal to that of the rein-deer when in proper feafon. From the obfervations which mine has given me opportunities to make, I am fully of opinion, that there are many parts of England where they would live and thrive well, but I do not think they would exift in fuch parks as produce nothing but fine grafs. The boats brought in twenty-three quintals of fifh from Green Ifland. Very foggy in the morning, the reft of the day was dull and clofe. Sunday i,/;. Moft of the people were fliamefully intoxicated to-day. I «wv. A.f. take as much care as poITible to prevent thefe things, but they will happen fometimes. Hard rain, and ftrong fqualls. ii'ifli'i h littlf. 3 P 2 Wc 47(5 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. — ^ — t We fprcad the water-horl'e and green fifli, and in the evening Auguft. piled the latter. At fu:i-ii t we hauled the Teine by the Itage, Monday 16. but took only a few luiice and fmall tom-cods. Captain Kin- loch rctiiined from my A\'inter-houfe having finifhed it. The boats brought in about twelve quintals of fifh. A great many iflands of ice in light, bui moll of them are fmall ones, 1"he ground was white o\er with froll this morning, and the day proved clear and hot. Wind modrrate, i/rerzfi and light airs till toiind. Tuefcljy ote. s. ir. Wedncf. 18. W./mart. N.Jlrong. Jlcrmy. moderate. Thurfday ly. S. IV. moderate. Friday 20. S. W. Ill tie. At two this morning, I had all the fymptoms of an approach- ing fevere Cholera Morbus ; I therefore got up and took ten grains of ipecacuanha, and at four returned to bed again much eafier ; but, although I prevented that violent and dangerous diforder, I was not free from fome grudgings of it all day» I fent the fkiflP to Tinker Ifland, and they brought a hundred and lifty-two tinkers. I went in her to the rubbingplace near the eafl: end of the iiland, tailed a trap there, and returned over the hills. The boats brought in but fix quintals of fiih. Dull, clofe, mild weather. I fent Mr. Collingham ^vith five hands to cover my winter- houfe with rinds ; but he had not quite a fufficiency for the whole of it. The boats brought in but three quintals of fifh. Cloudv, a.id dark till four in the afternoon; clear after, and very cold all day. We wafliedout two bulks of filh. The boats brought in fix quintals. I fhot a curlew. A fine, clear, mild day. ' ' At one this morning, 1 was greatly alarmed by one of my peo- ple knocking at my door, and telling me, that I was taken again ^ THE I'OURTH VOYAGE. •177 a^ain for that a ftout (hip was at ;ui anchor in Blackguard '^iv, and her bo:it was gone to take poUei'Iion oFmy fhip. On o ...i- int^ thv=^ door, I Taw her riding abreallof my houfe. I inu.: !;- ately ran out, without Hocking or Ihoc, to hide fomc guns; it tid- ing the man to do the fame by my plate. On returning to the houfe for more, I found an officer in poflTeffion of it; but he foon relieved me from my fears by informing me, that the fhip was his majefty's floop of war. Marten, commanded by Thomas Durell, Efq. at the fame time he delivered me a letter from his captain, and another from John Becher of London Efq. He then returned on board, and I lo bed again ; but the alarm had put my fpirits into fuch an agitation, that I could not clofe my eyes. At fix o'clock I went on board the Marten to pay my refpcfls to captain Durell ; foon after, fhe got under weigh, and captain Kinloch piloted her into the harbour ; where fhe moored. I fhipped two hogfheads of furs on board the Marten, to be carried to St. John's for fear of accidents here, and fpent the day on board with the captain. I fent a man out a deer (hooting, upon the Cape land, but he faw none. The mailer of the Marten and captain Kinloch founded the north-eaft and eall pa(rages out of this harbour. The boats brought in ten quintals of (i(h. A cloudy day, with a little rain in the forenoon. A- IVind W. S. IV. frfjlu moderate. liith. N. little. Early this morning Mr. Daubeny, with fomc of my people and others belonging to the man of war, went with two boats to the largefl Black Ifland, to try for the hind and calf, but they 'W'ere gone. They faw fome hares and foxes, but the weather proving bad, they killed nothing. Captain Durell was fo obliging as to give me the alTidance of fome of his people, who put a new mainmad and boom into the Beaver, and did fome work on the Countcfs of Effingham ; alfo the captain and his purfer dined, and fpent mod of the day with me. The boats came in at night. Sail; E JW/h. 478 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. *779- Sunday 2 Wind S. £, moderate. night without a fifh ; and it was a double mortification to me, to rcfleft, that much about this time laft year, when I was vifited by that accurfed privateer, I had venifon, curlews, and other good things in tiie greateft plenty; but, that now, when friends were come, I had not one morl'el of any thing but falted pro- vifions to fet before them: the weather like wife was too bad to get any thing. A thick, wet fog all day. I fent the baitikifl' to Tinker Illand, but they could not land. I received three chefts of fmall arms, containing eighty (lands, and five kegs of ball cartridges, containing one thoufand each, from captain Durell, by order of His Excellency the Governor of Newfoundland. I dined and fpent moil part of the day on board, and afterwards wrote fome letters for Eng- land and Newfoundland. A thick, wet fog till one o'clock, but clear afterwards. Monday S3. S. W. Hull. N. E. moderate. frrjk. f^ormy. Tuefday 24. A'. Jlrong. Jiormy, Early in the morning I fent Mr. CoUingham and Martin to try if they could get fome geefe. At eight o'clock the Marten failed for the fouthward ; the (hooters returning foon after with a pair of geefe, 1 fent them after the ftiip, with one for captain Durell, and the other for the gun-room mefs. The boats brought in fcarcely two quintals of fi(h. A cloudy morning; the reft of the day was foggy, with rain; and it blew hard all night, attended with thunder, lightening, and heavy rain. The Beaver went up the harbour for the remainder of the tierces, and (he returned with them in the afternoon. The boats returned before noon with lefs than one quintal, there being a great fea and fcarcely any fi(h upon the ground. Thick fog, with continual rain till four o'clock, cloudy afterwards. There THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 47p There being but little profpe6l of killing more fifh this year, and having more already than the (hip can carry, I determined to try no longer, but to fend the fhip to Paradife with all ex- pedition, in order to fecure her from the enemy; alfo, to land the remainder of her fait there, and (hip on board as much falmon as flie will hold, together with what codHfh there is at this place. I immediately landed what fait I wanted to to keep at this place, put two chells of fmall arms, containing twenty-five ilands each, twenty loofe fiands, and three kegs of ammunition on board the fhip, together with the crews of both the boats, ordering a ftrift watch to be kept, during the night. I took a walk to the other end of the ifland, where I fhot three ravens, faw a yellow-fox, and brought the deer home, in order to fend her up the bay in the fhip. This has been the coldefl, and worft fummer I ever yet knew, which I fuppofe are the reafons that both codfifh and baits have been fo very fcarce. Foggy and rainy till noon, cloudy after : a fharp frofl in the morning, and very cold throughout the day. «779- AtiguU. Wednef. 2,5. N, JlroH,i. viodt>a:t. littie. Having fliipped off part of my private baggage, and fome houfehold furniture; I fent fome things to my winter-houfe, and had the Squirrel carried above the harbour iflands; unrigged, and there moored out of fight. I took a fliort walk on the ifland and fliot a raven. In the evening, a fkiflp with four hands came here from Paradife; they wanted fome tierces, hoops, Sec. At night I embarked with all the fpare hands, and ordered four, together with the Paradife people, into the Mar- ten, to take in at Caribou Caftle every thing they could find there ; and then to proceed to Paradife. Cloudy weather, with fmall rain. Thurfday 26. S. S. E. nodiratt. frrjh. little. We unmoored and heaved fhorter, but the wind did not per- mit us to move; the Marten failed, but put back. In i!ie afternooa Friday 27. .V. Jrijh, 48o THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1779. Augiill. moderate, little. afternoon captain Kinloch and I went on fliore on the Cape land with our guns ; wlicre we faw feme gcefe, but killed nothing. In the mean time, the people picked up fome dry firewood, and gathered fome mofs for the deer. Small rain in the fore part of this day, but the latter was clear. Saturday 28. n\ h S. moderate, A. W.fr.Jh. /mart. Suiul.iy sg. N.fihirt. moderau. calm. moderate. frejh. Monday 30. A', hard, moderate. At nine this morning we got under weigli, and attempted to work through Wcllern Tickle, but the wind headijig us, we bore up and got to fea through the eallern palfage : after making fome trips, without gaining an inch, we put back and went into Curlew Harbour, ^vhere we anchored at four in the altcrnoon, I then landed on the north-ealt fide, and took a Iliort walk, but faw nothing. A fine day, with a few Ihort, fmart, flurries of wind. Not being able to move from hence, 1 took the mate and four hands with me, and rowed up the harbour. Wc faw an old, bitch black-bear with a very fmall cub, going up wind on the fouth-well ihore ; I landed behind them, got a fliot at the old one, and llruck her through : they then ran up the hill. I laid down my gun, purfued and caught the cub in my hands. The dam no fooner heard it cry, than (he (lopped, roared, and threatened me with an attack ; but the mate fired and killed her. I fent the cub on board, intending to keep it alive ; but my people being much afraid that it would worry them, fquccz- ed it fo hard, as to force the meat undige /led through it, and it died foon after. We then walked to North Point, and faw many curlews, but they were (b wild, that I killed but three. Clear till noon ; hazy and cloudy after. The bears were (kinned and weighed ; the old one was but feventy-two pounds, and the cub only eight ; they liud nothing but alexander in them. Foggy, THE FOURTH VOYAGE. ^offgy* rainy weather all day ; it cleared up in the evening and proved a fine night. At eleven o'clock this morning we came to fail, and by one o'clock had worked out and got to fea. At half after eight, we came to an anchor between Black Head and Wreck Ifland, in ten fathoms of water. A clear morning, dull day, and rainy evening. It blew too hard for us to move before five in the evening ; we then began to heave, but our anchor came home, and we let go the other, to prevent our being on fliore on Wreck Ifland. A little after fevcn, the flood being made fl:rong, we heaved up both anchors, ran half a mile higher, and there came to again in the mid-channel, it being too late to go farther. A clear morning, a hazy day, and dirty evening and night. 481 »779' Augufl. Tuefday 3 1 . W. frejh. modercie, calm, I S. liltle. moderate. September. Wednef. i. IV. ^'. IV. Jlrong. W. S. S. IV. moderate. N. IV. Jlormy. Thurfday a 4 N. IV. to IV. freJh. little. E. calm. S. W. tittle. At eight this morning we began to heave, were under fail by nine, and at one o'clock had worked into the mouth of Diver Tickle, when it fell calm, and being high water alfo, we came to an anchor in four fathoms. At five we got under weigh again, and ran half through the Tickle, when a Ihift of wind forced us to return, and we anchored in the roadftcad off the caft point of Earl Ifland, in fcven fathoms (the fouth hill of ^'' ^•^""'- South Hare Ifland) jufl; open with Black Head and the iflands which make Privy Harbour, over Pinchgut Point. A dull morning, clear day, and dark, rainy evening and night. We came to fail at nine this morning, ran through Cartwright Harbour, were abreaft of Longllretch at twelve, and at fix in the evening, came to an anchor in Hinchingbrook Bay (having the Gull Rock and falmon-hojfe in one) in fourteen fathoms of Vol II. 3 Q water Friday 3. N. E, moderate. S. E. Utile. 1779- September, THE FOURTH VOYAGE. water and on excellent holding ground. This is a very good place for a fliip to anchor in, whether (he be bound up or down:. it is well defended from all winds, there is no current nor tide, and plenty of room to get under weigh. Soon after Tero came on board and informed me that the Marten got up on Monday night. A clear day, and cloudy evening. At ieven we came to fail and ran into the mouth of the river, where we anchored, and, with the affiftance of all hands from Paradife, warped the (hip up abreaft of that place by eight at night ; when fhe was moored, and I had fentries polled both on board and afhore. A clear morning, a foggy day, and rainy evening. This morning we warped the fhip near the wharf-head. I ferved out arms and ammunition to all hands, and promifed the following rewards : To the man who firft difcovered an enemy by day, five guineas ; to him who firfl; difcovered an enemy by night, ten guineas; and to every man who did his beft to preferve both the Ihip and the goods on fhore, provided we prevented them from being taken or deftroyed if attacked, ten guineas. They all promifed to ftand by me, and the reft of the day was fpent in Ihooting at marks with ball. A large feal (I believe, a hood) fwam by the (hip, and I fhot it through the head with my rifle ; but it funk before a boat could get to it. Cloudy, cold, moid weather. Monday 6. The ballaft of the Marten was landed, and her falls unbent. A". E. jirong . xjie (hip's water-cafks, the dry goods, and empty tierces were landed alfo. At noon I took two hands wiih me and went up the Eaft River, where I landed and vsulkcd aboui four miles into Satiirilav ,\. Wind w. s. w. fr'A iV. F..i!(j',-,v\. Sunday r,. N, E. fr/h. jlormy. madirate. IHE FOURTH VOVAGK. 483 into the country, which I found very beautiful, but not pro- mi ling for many furs, .nor any other purpol'c than- killing deer, in a firing of marlhes on the eafl fulc; and that only in the pafling times. I faw fome old cuttings of beavers, but do not think thole animals are in great plenty ; and I oblerved, that very good gardens might be made in many places, but they were too far up to be of much ufe. I found a pair of clam, or horfe mufcle fhells, which are the firfl I ha\'c feen in this country. A cloudy morning, but clear and warm after. We landed the faked provifions, and got all ready to deliver the fait. At eleven o'clock I fet off in a fkilf with four hands for Great Ifland ; got to Caribou at fix in the evening, and ar- rived at the flage at eleven at night. Small rain till ten o'clock, and dull afterwards, ThC'Beaver was brought down from the head of the har- bour. At noon I difcovered a black-bear feeding on Venifon Head ; taking Mr. CoUingham, Martin, and four dogs with mc, we landed under Berry Hill, and Ihot him through. I then laid the dogs on and baited him for fome time; they all behaved very well, particularly the greyhound, which always kept be- hind : but the three Newfoundland dogs feizing forward, he lamed them all, and one of them fo defperately, that I am afraid he will fcarcely ever be good for any thing again. Obferving that the other two were in great danger alfo, I fcized the bear by the back of the neck, introduced my knife behind his Ihoulder to his heart, and killed him. This method I learnt from his majefty's Jagurs, in the foreil of Linfburg, in Hanover, when I was killing wild boars with them, at the conclufion of ihe German war. When a boar is flabbed in that manner, he 3 Q 2 inftantly 1779, SepK-nibor. Tiiefday j-, w. s. w. little, moderate. W. little. calm. Wtdnef. 8. N. N. W. fuih. N.frrJI:, A', E. viodcratt. 484 I — " — . >779. Scptcn\bcr. Thurfday 9. IVind S. l.littU. S. S. E. frong. Friday to. W. frfjh. N. hard. moderate, N. IV. little. W. moderate , Saturday 1 1 , W. fr.Jh. tmderati. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. inftantly drops dead, but this bear did not; on the contrary, he fought the dogs moll I'urioully until all his blood was fpilt, and the exertions which he made, forced it up my fleeve as high as my elbow. He weighed fixty-three pounds, was getting fat, and I judge him to be about three or four years old. Clear morning, but cloudy afterwards. James Gready and his crew calked the cuddies of the Beaver, examined her rigging and prepared her for fea. In the evening three men came here from Table Bay. I killed a grey plover ; thofe in this country are of the fame kind which I have feen in the breeding feafon, in the Highlands of Scotland ; t'l-^y are fmall, and black under the throat and on the belly (Tuch as I have feen in the winter in England) are larger and have no black feathers about them. Thick fog in the morning, the reft of the day was cloudy, in. the evening it began to rain, and continued moft of the night. At nine this morning, taking James Gre iHly and three other good hands with me, I failed in the Beaver for Charles Har- bour. A very heavy fquall of wind and rain took us at noon, when we were abreaft of Halfway Ifland, and continued an hour. At half paft one we got through Indian Tickle, and came to an anchor among the Seal Iflands at half after eight at night. Cloudy, variable weather all day, and a fine night, VVe came to fail this morning at half paft five ; and at two in the afternoon, anchored in St. Francis Harbour; we failed from thence at four, and arrived in Spear Harbour at eight. I found lying here, the Cygnet floop of war, commanded by cap- tain THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 4% tain Diury, and the William merchant briga iiic. I .cnt on board the Cygnet, to pay my refpedls to < »ptain l>rury, Srpmnbc.. at which time I gave him a hind quarter of the bear. """' A Iharp froll in the morning, a clear day and cloudy evening. •779- ht!!f. Sunday li. N. W.Jlormj, Miinday i J. N.frfjh. This morning a boat from Temple Bay arrived with advice that a fchooner privateer from Bofton was in Quirpon, and intended for White Bay. I went on fhore at Mr. Cogh- lan's room, where 1 was informed that both fi(h and baits had been in great plenty all the fummcr, and I law a great quantity of fplit fifh on his flages, which were rotten for want of fait. I dined and fpent the evening with captain Drury. A fqually, rainy day. At noon I failed for Port Marnham, and arrived there at feven in the evening ; the remainder of the night was fpcnt in taking on board fome empty calks and other things I found re- maining there. As John Bafkem had taken pollellion of this place, cut up feveral of my caflcs, and done mc other injuries, I had determined to turn him, his family, and goods out of my houfes and to feize his fifh for fatisfaftion: but he not being at home, and obferving that neither his wife nor children had a fhoe to their feet, and were in the utmofl poverty and dillrcf's, my refentment was turned into pity, and I accordingly made him a prefent, by a written deed of gift, of my houfes and all my interell in that place and Deer Harbour, which is an appendage to it, and alfo of what falmon-racks and cribs I had at Charles Harbour. A hazy day ; fqually in the evening. We failed at four thismorning, and at fix anchored in Charles Tucfd^iy i.i. Harbour, where 1 found all my houfes fhut up, and nothing '^'- " • Z'^?/'- mifling of what had been left this fpring. I made but a Ihort it ay 4«C 'HIE FOURTH VOYAGE. •77'J' Srptciiitiri . li'inrf ttihii. NVcdtirf, tj. W.JuJh. noierati. E. calm. N.Jlomy, flay thcic. and iljcn crofTed the harbour to Mr. Scydcs' room; Irani tficiice to Mr. Thomas' at Cape Charles, and then failed for Cliatcaii : at ten at night wc anchored in Henly Harbour. We law a boat come acrofs the Strcights in the evening and go into Seal I'icklc. At eight this morning I failed for Temple Bay, where I ar- rived at ten, and being informed, that, on Saturday la ft, a boat's crew belonging to that place had feen a (lout fhip come within Belle Ille and proceed along fhore to the northward, ac- companied by a Imall fchooner and a fhallop, I concluded it was another privateer going to pay rac a fecond vifit. I therefore failed immediately for Spear Harbour to inform cap- tain Drury ; but the wind failing in the evening, we put into Cape Charles Harbour. A cloudy day, and flormy night, with much rain. J hu.i.i.v lb. At eight this morning we came to fail, and worked to wind- ^'• /"/''. ward all day, but could not gain an inch ; we therefore anchored at night in Charles Harbour. I (hot a pigeon and a falcon. A clear, cold day, but fine night. KriH.iy 1 7; W, moderate. /iHl>, We failed from Charles Harbour at four this morning, and at noon arrived in Spear Harbour; when I waited on captain Dru- ry, informed him of what I had heard, requefted he would go immediately to Illhmus Bay in fearch of the faid fhip, and offered my ferviccs as pilot : he immediately unmoored, but afterwards faid, that he could not do it unlefs he was certain Ihe was there. He defired Mr. Coghlan's agent would imme- diately fend a boat to fee: one was accordingly prepared, and failed in the evening ; but not being able to work round Point Spear, put back again. George March, Mr. Thomas' agent, arrived foon after me, with information, that the fchooner privateer THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 4«7 privateer had failed from Quirpon for White Bay, in quell of two vcllcls belonging to Mr. Tory. A boat laden with falmoii, which failed from this j)lace on Saturday, returned yellerday ; having been taken by the above privateer, and dii'charged without taking any thing out of her, except one tow-line, for which they returned a worfe. I fent my boat back for St. Lew- is's Bay, and remained on board tlic Cygnet ; to be ready to pilot her to the northward. I was then informed that captain Drury and his officers turned up their nofes at my black-bear, and would not eat any of it; but, on being prefented fince with a piece of an old, bitch white-bear, which he was told was venifon, he had invited all his officers to partake of it, and they eat mod heartily ; praifmg it for the bell venifon they had ever tailed. Black-bear at this time of the year is fwect, good eating; but the white ones have a rank, feal-oily tallcatall times, yet, fuch was the force of prejudice ! A cloudy day. '77')- The boat for Illhmus Bay made fome attempts to get to fca, sumhy i8. but could not ; as there was but very little wind, and a great '|''W^ fwell rolled into the harbour. a'. e. A cloudy, cold day. Itll/e, We had dirty, flormy weather from the north-ea(l for thefe M^,njay »©. two days pad, which caufcd a great fea to tumble into the mouth n. £; of the harbour. Lieutenant Nunn of the Cygnet and I took a walk, about Tucfday 21. half way to Pitty 'Amh ur, a Ihooiing; wc faw the track of noi^rutt'. a large black-bear, but killed nothing. This mornin'T the boat for IRhmus Bay failed, as did alfo Wcief. 22. two boats for St. J Mas in Newfjuadlund. A cloudy day. '''''/if* Ai'lCY 483 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. '779- September. I'hurfday 23. Wind N.E./rf/h. Friday 24, S. W. moderate. Saturdjy 25. s. n: little. After breakfafl:, captain Druiy and a party of us went a pleafuring ; we walked acrofs the narrow ifthmus, which fepa- rates this from Sophia Harbour, and there took a boat and rowed to the mouth of a fmall brook, were we landed, Lieu- tenant Nunn and I then walked over the hills to the weftward ; and near the head of Charlotte Harbour, we faw a brace of old flags and a young one ; but they moved off before we could get near them, The country all thereabout is very good for deer ; there are fome good paths, and we faw plenty of frefli flot. The captain and his party fiflied for trout in a fmall pond, and killed a good difh of them. ■ " " A hazy, cloudy, cold day, with fog on the tops of the hills at times, ■ • - " -■ ■".' ' ' t . ■.■.. After breakfafl;, captain Drury an a party of us went again to Sophia Harbour, when the Lieutenant and I after landing the refl: where they were yefterday, went on to the head of Charlotte Harbour ; we landed there and walked to the place where we faw the deer yefterday, but had not the luck to meet with any. We obferved that the paths had been much ufed lately both ways. We all got back at night, and found my boat returned, laden with falt-caflcs and boards. ' A very hot day, one of the fineft we have had this year. On a promife from Mr. Forfythe, (Mr. Coghlan's agent) that he would lend me fome provifions and other things which I wanted, if I would lend him fome fait, as he had none to pack their falmon with, I now landed and lent him eleven hogfheads. At noon two boats belonging to Mr. Sbde, pafled by for the northward, and from them we Icanit, that the fchoon- er p; i\'ateer, mentioned before, had burnt both Mr. Tory's veJK '^ in White Bay, and had failed from thence to the fouth- warci. At five in the evening, I failed for Iflhraus Bay, and was THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 489 was at fea all night, with very little wind and a confufed fwell. A cloudy, mild day. * wr ./-■»• '779- September. •■3 . O -/ At day-break we were off the middle of Hawke Ifland, and at eleven o'clock, came to anchor among the Seal Iflands to fix a new main-peak block, the other having flipped out of the llrap. While that was doing, I landed on a fmall ifland clofe by, to try for a crofs-fox, which my people had feen there in the fpring, but could not find him. At twelve we failed again, but tlie wind taking us ahead foon after we got through thofe iflands, we bore up and ran into Punchbowl Harbour ; where we an- chored at five in the afternoon. I immediately rowed rounc^ the harbour and found it to be a very good one for fmall veflels ; but there is only a fmall part of it deep enough for them to an- chor in; the refl; being flioaly, mud-banks. Morning and evening very foggy, the refl; of the day cloudy, with fun at intervals. iind;iy 26. Il'inr/S.S.H'. Cttl'. IV. mtdcrate. E. N. E. little. K, E. frcjii. littU. calm. We could not move till eight this morning for want of wind, and then we failed in a fog fo thick, that it was with the utmoft difficulty we found our way through the narrow channels, which are made by the different iflands lying in our way to Iglo Harbour in the Ifle of Ponds, where we aiichored at ten o'clock, after being twice near running on fliorc. On examining this harbour, I found it to be very fafe for boats ; but velfels of fmall burden only can make ufe of it ; and they muft moor head and ftern, for there is fcarcely room to fwing : but as all winds muft blow right through, they may do that with fafely, for it runs ftraight, fouth by weft and north by eaft by compafs, and the hills are high on each fide. At the upper end is a flat marfli, and it is not far acrofs to Devil's Cove. On the fouth fide are the ruins of two Efquimau winter-houfes; where we faw the Vol. II. 3 R fcuUs Monday 27, 5. moderate. S. S. E. 4.90 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. «779. September, Wind .firong. Tucflday 28. 5> mcdtralt. •ittU. iV, nsdtrate. fnJ^- Wedripf. 29. v. W.frejh. ikodirak. Thurfrfay 30. hltlt nnd variabtt. N^E, Jmait, Tculls of fome deer and bears which they had killed. It muft be a very good place for a couple of hands to winter in, to kill deer, white-bears, wolves, foxes, and ducks; and they may kill a few feals at the mouth of it; but there is no firewood within feveral leagues. I killed two ducks, a lady, and a pigeon. The fog did not clear away till four in the afternoon, when we failed for Indian Tickle, and anchored there a quar- ter before fix ; at which time the fog returned as thick as ever. A fo^y, moift day, and a very dark night. - •« ', ^* At half after four this morning we came to fail in a very thick fog; at eight it lifted, when, we found ourfelves betweea CoUingham, and Halfway Ifland; at nine the Iky cleared ; at twelve we doubled Cape North, and at five in the evening we came to an anchor off the ftage head; when I had the pleafure to hear, that no veflel had been feen from hence. Mr. Coghlan's boat arrived laft night, and, at one this morning Ihe failed tor Paradile. 'f .., Thick fog till near nine this morning ; clear afterwards. I fent Martin and another man to fit up the houfe for them- felves, which the crew lived in laft winter, where they are to re- fide in the next. I went myfelf to look at my winter-houfe, liked the alterations which had been made, and found fome very flourilhing turnips growing, where I had carelefsly flung fome feed in the fpring. I landed a few things out of the Beaver, and at two o'clock fent Mr. CoUingham in her to Paradife. A clear, fine day, but cloudy in the evening, After breakfaft I went to Green Ifland j where I faw a white- fox, and killed a pair of lords; in the mean time the flciff tried for fifli, but caught none. I obferved that a white-bear had been fifliing at the eaft point of it fometime in the fummer, and had THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 491 had killed fcvcral codfiih, the Ikelcloiis of which he left there. The fmith's Ihop was pulled down. A dull, moi ft day. * A After breakfaft I took one man with me in a Ikiff, and landed Martin and another hand at niy' winter-houfe. I then went to the head of the harbour, left the fkiff there, and walked back to my houfe, where I took boat again for Great Ifland. I tailed a couple of flips where I caught the two hinds laft fall ; one where I caught the brocket, two in the wood to the weftward of it, and one at the path-end between the two winter-houfes; but could not obferve, that the paths had as yet been much ufed. I alfo tailed a trap for an otter by the pond on the ifthmus, one for a fox in a path by the flioaly ponds, found a white-fox in a trap which Mr. Collingham put out, and (hot a black-duck but did not get it. I had the fides of the ftage, over the two outer beams, pulled down, and the fplitting-table and outer falt-trough taken up. A clear morning, and a cloudy, frofty day. ' Part of the ftage head was uncovered. Mr. Daubeny went round his traps ; he had a filver-fox, and Ihot a fpruce-game. At four in the afternoon Mr. Coghlan's fliallop returned and brought me a letter, advifing me, that the Ihip would lail from thence in a few days, and that Mrs. Selby's child died on the fixtcenth of laft month. This morning the Mealy Mountains were covered ^vith frelh fnow. It fro?.e fliarply all day, we had fome hail about noon, and in the evening it fnowcd hard until the ground was covered about two inches thick. ' ' After taking a walk to the other end of this ifland, I de- livered to Mr. Coghlan's people forty- three hogflieads of fait, 3 R 2 wanting September. Oflober. Friday t . IVind ff. W. /mart. Satiirdiiy a. N. h: fujiu E. N. E. moderate. S. Sunday 3, .V. 492 '779- Oftobcr. Momlay 4. 7ncderaU. N. E. moderate, Jlormy. Tuefday 5. N. W. frtjh. nwderate. w. iitllf. VVcdnef. 6. A'; W. ncderale. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. wanting nine gallons, : I wrote fome letters, and gave them to the boatfmafter, to carry to Spear Harbour. This moining it froze fharply, and the ground was covered with Ihow ; the day proved cloudy ; the fun (hining at inter- vals, and the eVening was mild ; at which time all the fnow was gone, Except in a few fmall fpots. u; '• ' i» i« \ {?; ft .' :Lv>ii >■> u^io'.'' '^ 'iiir tHt At two o'clock this afternoon, Mr. Coghlan's boat failed for Sandhill Cove. The weather proved fo bad to-day, that I could get no work done:, it fnowed in the morning in large flakes, afterwards turned to fleet with mild weather, and in the evening and moft part of the night, it blew an exceflive hard g^le of wind.. , . I crofled the harbouj:,in a flciff^, viflted all my flips and traps, except two of the former, and killed a fpruce-game. When at the far end of my walk, I was taken fo ill, that it was with difficulty I got back. The flciff carried fome rinds to Martin's winter-houfe ; which he, with the aflifl.ance of three men, covered in by night. Mr. Daubeny went round his traps ; one of which was gone,, and he could not find it. At night, Mr. Collingham returned in the Beaver, and brought Tero's furs and traps from White-bear River ; he rode out the gale laft night in Crois Road, which is an excellent place. A fliarp frofl; all day, and cloudy with fun at intervals. *". I had the remainder of the ftage head uncovered. Mr. Colling- ham went in the Beaver to my winter-houfe for fuch provifions and other things as were to go to Paradife ; he returned in the evening, and brought a filver-fox out of one of his traps ; Mar- tin and the other man returned with him, A cloudy, mild day, which melted much of the fnow. This THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 493 This morning, the Beaver took in the rinds, and at eleven o'clock, Mr. Collingham failed in her for Paradife, but the wind dying away he put back. I lent Martin to remain at his winter- houfe, and two other men to Hay fome days with him» Mr. Daubeny went over with them to vifit his traps : he found that which was loft, with a yellew-fox in it, had a crofs-fox in an- other, and returned in the Ikiffby himfelf. A fine, mild day ; all the fnow is gone, in this afternoon. A great fea rolled »779. Oaober. Tluirfday 7. Wind iV. A'. »', mtdcrute. N, K. littlf. calm, E. N. E. littU. The Caplin was put into water, towed to the place where the iriday 8. Beaver lay laft winter, and there laid on (hore. Mr. Daubeny ZlHrJtei vilited my flips and traps ; he faw all but one of each, but nothing was in them. . Clear, fine, mild weather. After breakfafl I went with all hands, and thwarted the Cap- Saturday 9. lin upon the bank for the winter; launched the new fkiff which lay under the high hill, and hauled her up aflern of the Caplin ; then went to my winter-houfe and hauled the Lance into the woods. At two o'clock Mr. Collingham failed for Paradife. In the evening Martin^ and his crew returned and informed mc, that they had cut timber enough to make a deer-pound. The old feal-nets were put into the Itore-houfe. A cloudy, mild day, with much fun. /:. A'. F.. v:Jil:ratr, . At ten o'clock, Mr. Daubeny and I went up South-eafl Cove, in a flcifF with two hands, and walked from thence to the place where I had the fartheft deertrap laft year. When we got upon the top o f that hill, vve faw a Ihallop coming acrofs Table Bay, from Indian Tickle for Cape North ; and on our return, the Countefs of Effingham worked into Blackguard Bay. A\ e tailed a trap for an otter in the path where I had two lall }< ur, and Siiinl.iv 10, A', mod' It:'', 194 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. •779- October. Monday 1 1, ffind S, moderate. ir. S. IV. and faw the frcfh flot of fome good deer. We got home at five o'clock, and at fix, the fhip anchored in Blackguard Bay. The fliallop arrived at the (lage head, when I found that (he belonged to five men who li\'ed with one of Mr. Tory's planters in White Bay, who, having failed through the depredations committed there by the American privateer, had given her to thefe people for the wages which were due to them, and they were come here to oftbr their fervices to me, and had brought along with them John Long (who lately lived with Mr. Seydes) and nine other men whom he had hired for me. The White Bay people informed me, that the aforefaid privateer was refilled by the fervantsof Mr. Tory, and that a (harpaftion enfucd, in which the privateer had half her men killed and wounded, and was beat off, but that fhe afterwards went to the place where Tory's two veflcls lay, and burnt them, becaufe fhe could not carry them away. She then failed to Cape Freehels, where (he lay at anchor fome days, and funk feveral filhing boats. From thence flie went back to Twillingate; near which place, by the affiftance of one of Mr. Slades' people, (he found and took a veOel of his, which was laden with dry fifh. They alfo told me, that a vef- fel of Noble and Pinfon's had arrived at Temple Bay from St John's, and had brought an order for the Cygnet to return to that place immediately. A cloudy, mild day. Early this morning the Ihip got under weigh and worked into the harbour, where fhe came to an anchor in her birth and moored. I hired all the people who came round here in the fhallop. Had the Squirrel brought down the harbour in order to ihip off the dry filh on board the fhip. All hands got very drunk, as is cufloinary at thefe times. A fine day. , . The THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 495 The fhip got ready to receive fifli. 1 made an audion of a few fmall things, and they fold mofl: amaz'->gly high. No work could be done to-day, becaufe the people were all drunk. A delightful day. At nine this morning I fent all the new hands off for Para- dife, and one of my old fervants along with them for a pilot. A dark, rainy, foggy, mild day. I had the Roebuck, and the provifions which were in her, brought from the other end of the ifland, Ihe had been left there, that I might fend advice to Paradife,in cafe of being taken again. After breakfaft I fent Mr. Daubeny and five hands ia her to my winter-houfe, to take an account of the things which were there, and to flow them properly for the winter ; he did fo, and returned in the evening. Much fuch a day as yefterday, but very cold, with fome fnow. f— " — I Odober. TucfJay t?. Wind W. N. IV. moderate, Hull. Wednef. 13, E./riJh. Thiirfday 14. A'. E.Jlrong. I fhipped off a hundred and thirty quintals of the old fifh. After breakfaft I went in the Roebuck to the head of the har- bour by myfelf, left her there and vifited all my flips and traps. A ftout ftag or two had been near thofe flips where the two hinds were caught laft year, and I had an otter and a yellow- fox in my traps. I took a fpruce-game out of one of Colling- ham's, and beheaded a brace more with my rifle. I faw fe- veral large flocks of ducks flying to the fouthward. This was a very fine day throughout. At feven this morning, Mr. Collingham and all the old hands came down from Paradife; having packed the laft of the falmon. The whole of this year's fifli amounted to three hundred and ninety tierces. I ftiipped off two hundred and ten quintals of dry Friday 15. N.fnjh. modcrati, caln. Saturday ifi; IV. K. IV. moderattt littli. 49^ ^779- OciobiT. W, litlie. SiHclay 17, S, nm!r>ate. S. S. E. frrjk. Monday t8. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. dry fifh ; the old turned out two hundred and eighty-feven quintals of merchantable lifli. In the evening Mr. Daubeny went round his traps; he had a crofs-fox, and (hot a fpruce- game ; a black-bear had been in his walk (ince he was there laft. This proved a good, hard, cloudy day. I went in a fk iff with five hands to Curlew Harbour, and while the perplc were bringing down the large traps, took a walk to^vards Cape North ; I killed a hare and a pair of ducks, and found an excellent otter-path leading acrofs the neck to Mad Cove, but faw very little fign of deer, A cloudy, foggy, raw day. ' Taking Martin and two hands with me this morning, I went to his winter-houfe in a fkiff, and from thence walked along the dcathfall path which he had lately cut from thence to Nar- row Marfh ; at the well end of which, I fet them to work to ere6l a pound of my own invention, for catching any number of deer alive.* I flayed with them until they had finiflied the entrance, which was the only difficult part, then marking out the fize, left them to complete it, and returned through the marfhes • I am certain, that the above deer-pound would have anfwered my expeflation, and caught great numbers oJ deer, had it been properly executed ; for, I have fince been informed, that, foon alicr I failed, a brace of deer went in and could not get out again, although they had been confined fome days before the people met with them; but on taking fright at them, they ran with fuch force againft one of the rails, as to break it and make tlieir efcapc. This, could not have happened h?'' il.. fence been ftrong enough; but fcrvanis in this country never do their work unlefs they are conflantly overlooked; the rafcals were too lazy to repair it, and therefore it never caught a fingle deer. Although thofe two men killed ten deer with their guns and flips in the courfe of (he winter, be(i hard. Two men from Table Bay Brook (where a fmall crew are to live this winter) camo to Slink Point this evening, and haled for a boat. They informed me, that their falmon at Sandhill Cove was not yet packed, nor had they fait to do it with, or were they likely to get any. They had killed twelve foxes, three otters, and three martens. They came here to aflc me if I would buy fome old traps which belonged to one of them. In the afternoon Martin and the people who were with him returned and informed me that they had finiihed the deer- pound. I fettled fome of the people's accompts. Moderate froft, with fmall fnow, and dark weather. s«iurjay 23. Mr. Coghlan's people returned home, and I fent three hands tv./rfjh. ^ifjj tliem to fetch the traps. I had the Squirrel towed up the a. w. harbour, * Indeed it would have been moft extraordinary if any had; for I have fmcc learnt, that Mr. Forfyihe liad impoled upon mc, in faying, thai he had great abundance of provifions up Alexis River, and would furnilh me with what I wanted ; for he had none there nor any where elfc. Soon after 1 lett Spear fiarbour, he was obliged to borrow provifions out of the Cygnet, for the fubfiilance of the people whom he then had with him, or tliey would have Ilarved. By luch villainous deceit he got my fait from me, which was all he intended, and my dilLefs is the greater, fince I have hired more people than lothcrwifc (liould have done, depending upon his promife; but he does ;iot care if ihey all pcrilh for want. o rm FOURTH VOYAGE. 499 »779' OHober. harbour, and laid on fliorc at the fame place where fhe lay lail winter. I fettled fome more of the people's accompts; alio (hot a raven. ^ 5"/ JV, IV. /marl. A frolly morning, and cloudy day, with hard rain the latter part of it. Sunday 14. fV. modtrate. After breakfafl; I took all hands and thwarted up the Squir- rel. I finiflied all the accompts and gave the balance bills. C >)ghlan's people, with thofe' I fent with them, returned and biDUght the traps, which were fo old and bad that they were of httj' worth, but I purchafed them. A very mild, fine day. I fliipped off all my own baggage, alfo the chefls and bed- Monday 95. ding belonging to my difcharged fervants; who, together with Mr. Daubcny, Mrs. Selby, and I, embarked in the evening- There being little or no wind, we could not move to-day. At noon I landed on the eafl: fliore, and walked to the top of Mount Martin, from thence to Burnt Knap, and then to the oitertrap, which I put out on the firft inflant, and brought it home with me. A fine, mild day, with a little fnow at noon. At half pad fevcn this morning we began to heave up the anchor, but it was fo firmly fixed in the ground, which is tough black clay, that it was with the utmofl difficulty, and not with- out the affiftancc of all the men from the fhore, we could weigh it : we broke a couple of purchafing bars in the operation. At nine we got to fca through the eaflern paflage, with a ftrong gale at north- well ; there being a high fea running, and the fhip extremely d. ep, and too much by the head, flie plunged into it in fuch manner, that it made quite a free paflage over her. We 3 S 2 then Tiicfday 26, little and variable. Wedncf. 27. 500 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. '779' Oftob«r. Friday 83. November. ThsuSity 5. then bore away between Cape North and the Black Iflands ; and keeping between them and the fmall, low duck iflands, got clear off all the land by half pad ten. At eleven we were abreafl; of Wolf Ifland, and at the clofe of the evening, we were the length of Roundhill Ifland; from whence we took our departure. We had very Gnooth water from Cape North until we paffed the Wolf, when, having no longer any flielter, the fea ran very high ; but the fhip made much better weather than could be expefted. The gale kept gradually increafing until the next evening, by which time it became a very heavy one, and con- tinued fo for twenty-four hours, which carried us into the lati- tude of Funk Ifland, and as we judged^ about fourteen leagues to the eaflward of it.. All that time it froze fo feverely, that every thing was folid ice, as high up the rigging as the fpray of the fea reached : but now both wind and frofl; abated, and* we had afterwards mild, foggy weather, with light baffling winds, until the fourth of November, when we had a frefli breeze at foulh-weft, with which we got fafe to an anchor in the harbour of St. John's, in Newfoundland, where I went to get convoy. I found lying here admiral Edwards, the governor of Newfound- land, in. the Romney man of war of fixty guns ; the Surprife and Lycorne frigates ; the Marten and Cygnet floops ; and the Wildcat and Courier armed veffels ; befides a great number of me.-chantmen. I immediately waited on the admiral, who in- formed me, that if the wind permitted, he fliould fail in the morning for England; accompanied by the Surprife, Lycorne, and Martenj and fliould take under his convoy all fuch veffels as were bound to England or Ireland. I dined on board the Romney with captain Mercier of the marines, and in the evening I went on fliore to tranfatl my bufinefs there, but could do nothing, every body being in hurry and confufion. The next morning, the admiral made the fignal to prepare for failing, but ihe. wind not ferving, he could not ftir. I landed all my dif- charged THE FOURTH VOYAGE. .noi :> charged fervants, and got on board provifions and water for < — '^ — > the Ihip. At four o'clock the following morning (the fixth) the Novemiar. admiral made the fignal to unmoor, and at ten, another fignal FfiJ^y ^' was given to weigh ; when the Surprife, Marten, and feveral ' merchantmen got out of the harbour with all fpced. At eleven the admiral went out; we got up our anchor at two in the after- noon, and the Lycorne frigate did the fame immediately after. "When we got out to fea, the admiral and the body of the Ilect were fo far ahead, that we could not diflinguifh his fnip, nor any of the men of war, except the Lycorne ; which by that time was two miles off, and going faft from us. We were about two leagues off at iun-fet ; many veflels were then but jufl got out, and we obferved feveral others getting under weigh; the mouth of the harbour being open to us. That harbour being very narrow, a fleet of eighty-four fail of merchant fliips, muft neceflarily take a long time to get out ; or they would fall on board of each other,and I faw feveral do fo. We expeded that the admiral would heave to for the remainder of the night, when he had got to a proper diftancc from the land ; yet although we carried fail the whole night, and every day and night after, with very llrong and heavy gales (in which we fplit the head of our rudder; drained the fliip fo, that flie leaked very much, which fhe had never done before; fplit fotne of her fails to piecesj and were men; of the time nearly under water, by car- rying to fuch*extrcmity) we faw nothing more of the admiral or the fleet, until the morning of the twelfth; when we difcover- ed them about four leagues off^ upon our weather bow. At eight o'clock, we faw fome guns fired by a fliip, which we fup- pofed to be ihe admiral, but could not tell the meaning of thera. We continued to carry every fail which could (land, and threw out a fignal lor feeing a flrange veflel.but no notice was taken of it; not did the admiral fliorten fail in the evening to colle61 his fleet, although other veflels, as well as mine, were far afk-rn, aiii. ThurfJay ic^.. 502 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. November. Friday 29, Saturday 30, and one large (hip a great way to leeward. That night, and the following day proving foggy, we never faw him or the fl^tt afterwards. We had every day from leaving St. John's feen feveral unfortunate veffels, who like ourfelves, had been left behind ; and we continued to do the fame, for above half the voyage after. We Hill carried fail to the very utmoft extre- mity for many days after, and then, giving up all hopes of joining the ileet, we carried only as much as prudence war- ranted. For fear of being taken, I directed that the fhip Ihould be kept in the latitude of the Shannon ; intending to land there myfelf; becaufe, had I been taken, the people whom I left behind would probably have been ftarved to death next year, for want of a fupply of provifions. We had a very blowing paffage, with many contrary winds, and much dark weather. On the evening of the twenty-ninth, by an obfervation of the moon and a fixed flar, taken by captain Kinloch the night be- fore, we found ourfelves flill thirteen leagues to the weftward of the Blafques, although we ought to have been half way up the Shannon, according to the dead reckoning. It then blow- ing very hard at north-weft by north, we ftood under our courfes to the fouthward; but feeing no land, at eight the next morning, by which time we knew we were to the fouthward of the Blafques, we bore away right along fhore till noon; when being in the latitude of 5 1 ° 22' north, I ordered a courfe to be fhaped dired for Cape Clear, which, if the longitudinal obfervation was right, and the wind held, would carry us abreaft of the ifland called Dorfes, by four in the afternoon, and the length of Cape Clear by midnight. The obfervation proved fo very exad, that we actually made the former on our larboard beam at a quarter before four, and at midnight we were clofe in with the latter. This is the third time that I have feen thofe obfervations taken, and each time they afcer- tained the longitude to the greateft nicety ; full as much {o^ as THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 503 as the meridian obfervation of the fun docs that of the latitude. It immediately after became calm, and fo continued till day- light, when we had a fair fight of the land, at about three leagues dillance. A light breeze then came from the fouthward and brought on thick fog, whe*^ we Hood along fhore to the eaftward, fometimes feeing the land, at others not. The wind increafed by degrees until it reduced us to clofe reefed topfails; the fog was then become very thick, and we began to think ourfelves in danger of being loft ; as we were not far from the {hor?. the wind being dead on it, and a gale of wind, with a long dark night at hand. Loft we muft have been, beyond all doubt, had not a pilot boat, lying off the Old Head of Kinfale, got fight of, and boarded us at two o'clock in the afternoon; we then were within a mile of that land yet could not fee it. We immediately put up the helm, fquared the yards, and at four, came fafe to an anchor in the excellent harbour of Kinfale; by which time it blew a defpcratc gale of wind, uith fo thick a fog, that we could not fee acrofs the harbour, and both continu- ed for three days. The next morning I went on Iliore, and took up my quarters at a houfc called the Bowling-green, and had the pleafure to find general Moucher and fevcral of my old friends of the Regiment of Buffs; I dined at the mefs of the latter. The following day I dined with the general; on Sunday the fifth of December I went to church, where I returned God thanks for my fafe arrival, and the merciful deliverance I had lately received from his hands. I heard a moll excelLMit fermon on Patience; after which I dined wiili Mr. Othvvcl], who is at the head of the CuOoms here. On \\'edncfday I went to Cork to get fome money from Mr. Jalper Lucas, mer- chant at that place, and to fettle a credit for my Iliip with him. I returned the next day; and late the following niglit embarked on board the George Privateer of Brillol, commanded by cap- tain John Major, a gendeman like young man, who very politely 1779. November. Sunday 21, Moml.i TuL'lday 30, De suiiddv \\'< (Inef. S. Thurlilay (), Friday 10, . 5Q4 THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 1779. December. Saturday n. Monday 13, politely offered me a paflage for myfelf and Mrs. Selby, to Briftol. He had returned from a fix months cruife, in which he had taken only one Spanifh fhip, bound from Cadiz to the Havanah. Early the next morning we failed with a fair wind at fouth-weft, and pleafant weather; but the wind kept creeping -forward until we were forced to haul the bowlines ; and as we did not make a fufficient allowance for the indraught of the tide into St. George's channel ; at two the next iporning, we difcovered the light of the Smalls on our weather bow. The Gonfequence was, that for the remainder of that day, and all the next night, we were toffed about by a hard gale of wind in St. George's channel ; but, inftead of repining at our fate, we had great caufe to rejoice ; for had we got iuto Briflol (Channel that night, we muft have been call away on the Welch Coafl:. At day-break the following morning, we faw land ahead and to lee- ward, which we fuppofed was Barfey Ifland, and the land ad- joining ; and that confequently we were imbayed on the Welch Coaft, and fhould be loft ; but on drawing nearer to it, we were agreeably furprifed to difcover that it was Tufcar and part of Ireland : we had ftill a fmart, clofe-reefed gale with which we tacked, and at one o'clock got fight of St. David's Head. At three in the afternoon, having weathered the Smalls, we bore away up Briftol Channel with a ftrong gale, which by that time had got to north-weft. At ten we heaved to, and faw Lundy the next morning at four. We were abreaft of Ilford Coomb at nine, when a Pilot boarded us, and at the fame time we were chafed by two prefs boats from thence, which the people kept off by firing fliot at them. At four in the afternoon we anchored at Polfet, and I had very foon after the pleafure to fet my foot on Old England once more, by landing at a place called Lamplighters Hall, where I fpent the night. 1 fent a man vvcdnef. 15. j^ Briftol this morning for a Permit from the Cuftom-houfe, for landing my baggage ; but the forms of oflicc requiring more ceremony Tiicfday 14. ">; i THE FOURTH VOYAGi:. 505 »779- December. ceremony and delay, than were either neceflary in my cafe, or convenient to myfelf, I fet out for Briftol in a chaife in the evenino-. My baggage arrived at the Cullom-houfe the next morning, and each legal fee being paid, as well as fome, which, xhurfday i6. perhaps, were not fo, it was delivered to me again ; and at noon I fet off in a chaife towards London. I lay that night at Devifes, and the next day, at nine in the evening, I arrive^ in Town. In a (hort time after I went into the country to my father's ; I fet Mrs. Selby down at her brother's houfe, by the way, and mide her an annual allowance for life ; having ftriaiy kept the refolution which I made on the twentieth of May lall, and the declaration made on the twenty-Iixth. Friday 17, END OF THE FOURTH VOYAGE, AND SECOND VOLUME.