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ROPERTY OF LIBRARY
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DEPARTS
Ihle-.m^i'-fctwA^
AL 32 261TO-ISM-659
ilTURE, OTTAWA
^ PLEASE RETURN
AKABIAN ART
or
PAMING AN!) TRAINING
WILD &
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■.\.\ L '{.-.I -no-
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PATRICK ()*CONNOR.
Vttterlnaiy Burgeon, Dunda*.
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* O'fi V TED FOR THE PUBLISHER.
63b.l02S6
.OlS 1857-
/SS*'7 *"'■ ****** ^"° ^°* PK1»T1NG OFFICK, DUNDAS.
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SWW»M1^,^I|M«.. I 1^.^ .^„^. ^.^jj^^g^, ^ . . .^,_
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.he Office of iuiRe^SttS^';^]^::^^, cLfai™ "^ '^''"^~""' !
'-'><^^»M»mm•^0mlf^n-'ii.Jii;^,^li^^,
INTRODUCTION.
)e year NOH, in
The first domestication of the hnr<jo r^n« ^e ^u ments of man in the animal kinlT' ^^ the greatest achieve.
the ass, and the camel, rsteadrth/fl.i a ""f'^ ^'''^^''' ^^^ °^' noble animal was the as? brourrH fnf I- ^".- ^^^^*°' ^''''^' This man's limited and inac/;atekfnlS *" '"^f/^.^'°"' °^^i"g. Perliaps, to quent inability to contr^lwL^^^^^ ^'^ ^^'^^e-
of hi. superio'rity over all oSr admals "'""' " ^"''""^' ^^^^«««« •Man, in all his inventions and diseoverips haa .!«,,.* • mmenoed with some simple prinoioirr/' ''.„ Sf '"T"'»ft
commenced with some ffe^k^'^-^^^l^^^f^
fc Tti^ZZfll'^TZT'l'v.'^!:^ flr.t hi.ethSt wo
clouds with his kite N„T fi.T ?™''''° » 'i'-™i"g i' from the
from mind to^'^f^^wifhTrap' d ,' ^ rpltTm7'Th*™«" propellmg power that drives the »h..l J .i'^ • °' '^''^ S'cat
and nlonlhs^he ooean w inuJ^tTare L Jas S'^"? T' T '"'^' mg from a tea-kettle AnH so 'V*'*™^'^^' ^^/ V^st discovered escap-
toSh, po.e« „f'«eam,loame CZ t manTl "°°'"' 4 monts and investigation revealed them " °°'^ " "P'""
tho'^':«tr;zf„Tr?or::,Trr z"" r""- -»' ^-
warding him with his labor nnr> ! V^ ^ur thousand years, ever re- to his skill a^d mnner of usb^^^ %^'' 'T^^J' *" Proportion
him by brute fon-P nn/J ^ .1^ ' ^"^ being to those who govern gained^f?of th: cu W^^^^ Zt^ ^' \^« ^.auty and delight to K
often dangerous servant wLfst tnT^^^X ^ ^'f ^"^' ^'°'°^^' «"d pride of his lifp Inl "i ' '°, ^® ^r*''^' '^hose horse is the
Ld him to be quite a ImJ.T''- ^^ ^J'^' '«^ ^^ '^^'^dness. we treated from a^ foal gf^^^m aTa^.r^''' "T'' ''' "^^^^ ^« « master not known in anv rS^Pr f' *"' and attachment for his
dren, the mare aid W foJl t^ kvT*'^' ^^' ^^•"^^ ^^^ his chil. the colt anTthe mar^s ntl' » ^^J '^"if"" '^S^'^^^' ^'^d although upon, no accident ever occurs th.^ £'"°''' ^°'' *^« ^^^''^''^'^ *« ^Su
his master, that he will leave his companions at his master's oaII ever glad to obey his voice. And wLn the Arab S frorn his horse, and ,s unable to rise again, he will stand by him and neith for assistance; and .f he lays down to sleep, as /ktigue someSs conipels h,m to do m the midst of the desert, his faithful steed^fu watch over him. and neigh to arouse him if man or beast approaches The Arabs frequently teach their horses secret signs or signals which they make use of on urgent occasions to call forth their mmos exertions. These are more efficient than the barbarous modrof urging them on with spur and whip, a forcible illustration of which will be found in the following anecdote.
..^^^i''^'?^ "^^^"^ '^^^^^' possessed a mare of great celebrity. Has- sad Pacha then Governor of Damascus, wished to buy the animal.
ft^^nfr^'T J ""^^^ ' u T°\' ^^l ""°'* "^^^^1 oflfers; which Jaba steadily refused. The Pacha then had recourse to threats, but with
rrl'i f/'t-''''ip .^^i'°l^^',°°" ^«^"^' "^ Bedouin of another tribe, presented himself to the Pacha, and asked what he would give the man who should make him master of Jabal's mare ? " I will fill his horse's nose bag with gold," replied Has.ad. The result of this in- terview having gone abroad ; Jabal became more watchful than ever and always secured his mare at night with an iron chain, one end of Which was fastened to her hind fetlock, whilst the other, after pas- sing through the tent cloth, was attached to a picket driven in the ground under Uie felt that served himself and wife for a bed. But one midnight, Gafar crept silently into the tent, and succeeded in loosening the chain. Just before starting off with his prize he caught up Jabal's lance, and poking him with the butt end. cried out : i am Grafar ! I have stolen your noble mare, and will give you notice m time » Plus warning was in accordance with the customs ot tiie Deoert ; for to rob a hostile tribe is considered an honorable exploit, and the man who accomplishes it is dedrous of all the ^lorv that may flow from the . ecd. Poor Jabal, when he heard the wordZ rushed out oi the tent and gave the alarm, then mountino- hig brother's mare, accompanied by some of his tribe, he pursued Uie robber for four hours. Ihe brother's mare was of the same stock as Jabal's but was not equal to her; nevertheless, ho outstripped tho.se of all the other pursuers, and was even on the point of overtaking the robber, when Jabal shouted to him : "Pinch her right ear and p-ive her a touch of the heel." Gafar did so, and away went the Lve like li^^htmng. speedily rcndenno- further pursuit hopeless. The ^znchtnihe ear and the touch with the heel were the secret sio-ns bv which Jabal had been used to uroc his mare to her utmost speed -- Jabal s tompanions, were amazed and indi-nant at his strancre coh- duc _ ' O ihcufather of a jackass!" they cried, M thou hast'helped the thief to rob thee of thy jewel." But he silenced their lipbraid- ings by saying : " I would rather lose her than sully her repittation. Would you have me suffer it to be said among the tribes that another mare had proved fleeter than mine ? I have at least this comfort ieit me, that I can say she never met with her match." . Different countries bave their different modes of horsemanship,
8
^"5 ?"?S^^* "" °^ ^^^^ ^'^ ^"' practice was carried on in but a rude and indifferent way, being hardly a stepping stone to the comfort and deight gamed from the use of the horse at the present day. The poUshed Greeks, as well as the ruder nations of Northern Africa for along while rode without either saddle or bridle, guiding their horses with the voice or the hand, or with a light switch with which thev touched the animal on the side of the face to make him turn in the opposite direction. They urged him forward by a touch of the heel, and stopped hina by catching him by the muzzle. Bridles and bits were at length introduced, but many centuries elapsed before any- thing that could be called a saddle was used. Instead of these cloths single or padded, and skins of wild beasts, often richly adorned, were placed beneath the rider, but always without stirrups • and it IS given as an extraordinary fact that the Romans, even in the times when luxury was carried to excess amongst them, never desired so simple an expedient for assisting the horseman to mount, to lessen HIS latigue and aid bim in sitting more securely in his saddle An- cient Eculptors prove that the horseman of almost every country were accustomed to mount their horses from the right side of the animal, that they might the better grasp the mane, which hangs on that side a practice universally changed in modern times. The ancients gene' rally leaped on their horse's backs, though they sometimes carried a spear, with a loop or projection about two feet from the bottom, ^hich served them as a step. In Greece and Eome, the local mae- islracy were bound to see that blocks for mounting (what the Scotch call Impm-on stanes) were placed along the road at convenient dis- lances. The great, however, thought it more dignified to mount their horses by stepping on the bent backs of their servants or slaves, ZtT'^^ ? '^'"''^'^ ^""^ command fuch costly help, used to carry a light ladder about with them. The first distinct notice that we have ot the ii.«o of the sadd e occurs in the edict of the Emperor Theo- dosu,s, A D. SC50 fum which we ako learn that it was usual for those who hired posi-hor.sep, to provide then- own saddle, and that the saddle .hculd not weigh more than sixty pounds, a cumbrous contr nance more hko the howdahs placed on the bncks of elephants than the light and elegant saddle of modern linies. Side-.addles for Jadics are an mvenfion of comparatively recent date. The first seen m England was mrde for Anre of Bchcniia, wife of Eicha.d the II, and was piobably more like a pi'lirn than the side^saddle of the nre- sent day. A p.il.on is a soit of a very low backed arm chair, and was lastencd en ihe horse's cvoup, behind the sr.ddlc, on which a man rc^e who had all the cnrc of mr.n.£irg the hcrsc, while the tnl '1 T"" '"I P'^^-^'^S- l^oreelf by grasping a belt which he
£?. But , he Mexicans manage these things wiih more gal-
lant ytlum the ancients did. The "^pisanna," or country lady, we aie told ,s often seen mounted befoie her «' cavalera," who take the more natural position of being seated behind his fair one, suprortinff
w i? *^^T'".^ ^'" -^ TT"^ ^^^^ ^•«^^*' (^ ^'^^y appropriate sup- port if the bent position of the arm does not cause an occasional con-
traction of the rausclos.) Thnsft fwn «/^»•*• ■ aldered as the first steps taken bv thi uT ^ "^^^ J"«"7 ^e con- •nd elegant mode of /di„gTt"ho%?e:enttV^^ ''"^ '"P'°^^^
4 d^re? tCllTe^-nVj^S^^^^^
astride. Horses were in generaluse fo^l ?'".^''*' *°^ '^de
thing like a protection for ?he hoof was thS "? T ^'^"'^ ^''^' duced, at first, as a mutter J thought of, and it was intro-
first f^ot defense. itTsaTd Uil^h''' "^ ' "'""^ ^''"P'* ^''"l^- The the same principle ^ thrwoVrttariK" '" ^^' '^^^^^ ^*« <>" made of feather and tied To theCrse'e foot T ' '°'' °/ " ^*"^»'' strings. And finally elates nfr^^Z i ^^ °^^*°^ ^^ straps or
feet ty the same^mple^means ""''^ ^"'^"^'^ *° ^^^ Worse's
tba^renThould: t'taT alioLf T^^^" r^'«' ^'^^ - -fleet plates of metal underToXes' hoi h ^fr^^^'^''''' on fastening
and strings, wia.out'us'rr%tting't ^hetrtrvT^ ^' f "^ improvement as nails, we have anothpfrLo i kT 7 ^^ ''""P'® ^^ the slow steps by which horslmanlin i, '''u^l^ demonstration of In the foregoing reraarksT Z.^. v^' reached its present state, several facts from I ylTnMe 11^^^ 'ft!' &^ '^^'^ ^^ extracting this short comment on the ri e i„rn.o ^ ^°'j\Springfield. With ita commencement upTo theTese"? ST •, ^^''^^'^'^^^hip, from the principles of a new thpn?J nf . • ' -^-l^/" P'^"^®*^ *« S^ye you result of many experiments a?d°lCn' T'^ ^°''^^' ^^'"^ ^^ ^^e the different m'ethJds rht:e'iLhirnof iruTe!''"''^ ^"' *"^^ °^
tljr be con- • improved
prevalent, and rode efore any. (vas intro- ale. The e, was on f a sandal, straps or le horse's
we reflect fastening of straps imple an tration of mt state, xtracting [. With lip, from give you h is the i trial of
THE TIIEEE FUNDAMENTAL PllINCIPLES
OF MY THEORY
Pounded on the leading characteristics of the
Horse.
^.B TtVrT'"' *"■' *" '™^ of hi^ nature '^'^' h^^J^f Ir^^^^ ^^ °^°' '"^ compliance with the laws of his nature
knowledge of man according to the dictates of his will, and he rJilh?
Ton hL inv oJ^'u^ t^" ^^Pfrlence by the abuses practiced K «n^' /• °°f .,Y?" chooses to be so cruel, can mount the noble
wUh'rore Zr\Z S,^^ 'r'- Tit ''^^'''' ''' '^ >« ^^'^ ^^^ - « wiiu more spirited, tall dead with the rldor If ho h^A ♦!,„
to reason, would he not vault and pi^h Llrrider, at Tr thanSr him to run him to death ? Or wo'uld he condes end to carrv at^ll the vam imposter, who, with but equal intellect, was tybg'L^^^^^^^^^
6
. on his equal rights and equally independent spirit 1 But happily for us, he has no consciousness of imposition, no thought of disobedience except by impulse caused bv the violation of the law of his nature consequently, when disobedient it is the fault of man.
Then, we can but come to the conclusion, that if a horse is not taken m a way at varience with the '.aws of his nature, he will do anything that he fully comprehends, without making any o flf^r of resistance. ° •'
Seoond. The fact of the hors- being unconscious of the amount pt his strength, can be proven to the satisfaction of any one For instance, such remarks as these are common, and perhaps familiar to your recollection. One person says to another, " If that wild horse there was conscious of the amount of his strength, his owner would have no business .with him in that vehicle ; such light reins and harness, too ; if he knew he could snap them asunder in a minute and be as free as the air we breathe ;" and, " that horse yonder that 18 pawing and fretting to follow the company that is fast
IT^'^A r\u J't}^^'' ^'' "''■""Sth he would not remain lonir festened to that hitching post so much against his will, by a strao fliat would no more resist his powerful weight and strength, than a, cotton thread would bmd a strong man." Yet these facts made common by every day occurrence, are not thought of as anything wonderful. Like the ignorant man who looks at the different phases of the moon, you look at these things as he looks at her different changes, without troubling your mind with the question, " Why are these things so ?" What would be the condition of the world if all our minds lay dormant ? If men did not think, reason and act, our undisturbed, slumbering intellects would not excel the imbecility of the brute ; we would Rve in chaos, hardly aware of our existence. And yet with all our activity of mind, we daily pass by unobserved tha,. which would be wonderful if philosophised and reasoned upon and with the same inconsistency wonder at that which a little con- sideration, reason and philosophy would be but a simple affair.
iHiRD. He will allow any object, however frightful in appear- ance, to come around, over or on him, that does not inflict pain.
We know from a natural course of reasoning, that there has never been an effect without a cause, and we infer from this, that there can be no action, either in animate or inanimate matter, without there hrst being some cause to produce it. And from this self-evident fact we know that there is some cause for every impulse or movement of either mind or matter, and that this law governs every action or movement of the animal kingdom. Then, according to this theory there must be some cause before fear can exist ; and. if fear exists trom the effect of imagination, and not from the infliction of real pain. It can be removed by complying with those laws of nature by which the horse examines an object, and determines upon its inno- cence or harm. ^
A log or stump by the road-side may be. in the imagination of the horse, some great beast about to pounce upon him ; but after you take him up to it and let him stand by it a little while, and touch
I i
it with bia uoso, and go through his process of exaiMumtion, he will not care any thing mure about it. And the same principle and pro< cess will have the same ctfec* • th any other object, however fright- ful in appearance, in which there is no harm. Talce a boy that ban been frightened by a false-face or any other object that he could not comprehend at once ; but let him take that face or object in his hands and examine it, and he will not care anything more about it. This is a demonstration of the same principle.
With this introduction to the principles of my theory, I shall next attempt to teach you how to put it into practice, and whatever in- structions may follow, you can rely on as having been proven practical bv my own experiments. And knowing from experience just what obstacles I have met with in handling bad horses, I shall try to an- ticipate them for you, and assist you in surmounting them, by com- mencing with the first steps taken with the colt, and accompanying you through the whole task of breaking.
Bow to Succeed in Q«tting the Colt from Pasture.
Oo to the pasture and walk around the whole herd quietly, and at siish a distance as not to cause them to scare and run. Then ap- proach them very slowly, and if they stick up their heads and seem to )e frightened, hold on until they become quiet, so as not to make thnu run before you are close enough to drive them in the direction yoi want to go. And when you begin to drive, do not flourish your arns or hollow, but gently follow them off, leaving the direction free for them that you wish them to take. Thus taking advantage of ther ignorance, you wi!l be able to get them in the pound as easily as tie hunter drives the quails into his net. For, if they have always run into the pasture uncared for, (as many horses do in prairie couitries and on large plantations,) there is no reason why they shoUd not be as wild as the sportsman's birds, and require the same geUie treatment, if you want to get them without trouble ; for the bote in his natural state is as wild as any of the undomesticated an- imis, though more easily tamed than most of them.
How to Stable a Colt without Trouble.
te next step will be, to get the horse into a stable or shed. This shald be done as quietly as possible, so as not to excite any suspi- citfl in the horse of any danger befalling him. The best way to do the, is to lead a gentle horse into the stable first and hitch him, then qietly walk around the colt and let him go in of his own accord.— It B almost impossible to get men, who have never practiced on this priciple, to go slow and considerate enough about it. They do not mur that in handling a wild horse, above all other things, is that
9
is ^^ceZ^^^^^ and .ate Li. think it
thus make two hours W of a ten Minutes ioh ''^ f.^'^ ^'^«' ««<» all your own fault, and entirely unne^essarv • ^ '''•'' ""'^"''^ ^* less vou run after him, and that would w t ^^T^" °°* '"^ ""»• you inew that you could outrun hi^ ^^ ^^'^ P^^'^^' ""^eas
Btop of his own Lcord alraU B^LZiT ^^^ ^'? *° ^^* h'«» unless you attempt to force h n, inf. '^^ "*'' ^^^ *« ^^eak away,
the wa^ at once, and iahtttfretul I'nT''- ^^ ^^ ^°^« ^^^^ ««« take to drive him, but give llittll W V "' ^''•'^^ *°' ^^ "»' «nJer. m around him. bo nS rX yt '"r "buTft '^ f" "^ ^^^^'"^ «de J for you might as well rise a ckb ThU ^"^ ^"^"^ ^* ^^^^^ wd anatomy, and does not know but ft ^^^,^<^'-«elias neverstud. jnd fly at him. If l, at?empL to ?urn if. T" "S^T^^" t^emselreir do not run; and if he aTt! VZ '■ "^^^^ ^^^""'^ ^^^> but
fame ^^^et manuerX^u i^tiC'^^^^ him again in tie
itJrthim; and you can soon iiiil 1 ^^at you are not going to go into the stabfelr morTroom Vndt'' fT.^ ^'^ ^^^' ^e ^il! soon as he is in. remov^TL „?^; u *° ^^' ^"^^^^er from you. As ^Hl be his first Vo-rofonn?' ^"^ ^^'^ ^^"^' «^e door iWs Huch a place, no?\ow fo get 3^/^ Vh^t"^ '°" *° ^^^^ qnietly as possible, see that the sh^d ; ^,^^\ ^^^ "lay fake it » chickens, or anyth nrr that Inn W is entirely free from doe*,
ea« of corn, and "e^ZZ^t ^Z^^l"" ' '^''' ^''' ^^"^ « ^'
«ntu he has examined hS aSent and t''\°' '^^^'^ '^'^«'*«' his confinement. apartment, and has become reconciled *>•
■/•i«
Time to Reflect.
p4e' S t'^Z^'Z^^^^^^^?- -s of corn. isk. reflect on the best mfde of operaSns '" Z"^'^ f^\'^' ^'^^*' ^"' *<> « highly important that youThou^ T.'J ' " ^^^ ^^rsebi^akinj, it. And you should know before you atten.!??T'^ ^^ l""^' «ysiem.^, you are going (o do, and ho/vou atr^^n; 1° f ^.'^'"S, just wHfcr are experienced in the artTf ^^^^ ^n^V° ^"^ '^- -^"d. ^-^ J»«i able to tell within a ew m nl ^^,'"''1^^'.'' ^^^ °"gl^t ^o^" you to halter the colt, TndTarn him to S '' *^"^ '' ^'^'^ '^^
Ob
The Kind of Halter.
of the r ght size fo fit his head ea ilv «id ^^"', **" '^ ^' ^^°"'d^'
h«Kl will not be too tight or?oo Lw nI"''''^! '° that the n^j,
~ -^^'<— -» ««°er any circumstances ivh^eyer:':^h;^'^;
waste of
caused more horses to hurt or kill themselves, than would pay for twice the cost of all the leather halters that have ever been needed for the purpose of haltering colts. It is almost impossible to break a colt that is very wild with a rope halter, without having him pull, rear, and throw himself, and thus endanger his life ; and I will tell you why. It is just as natural for a horse to try to get his head out of anything that hurts it, or feels unpleasant, as it would be for you to try to get your hand out of a fire. The cords of the rope ere hard and cutting ; this makes him raise his head and draw on it, and as soon as he pulls, the slip noose (the way rope halters are always made) tightens, and pinches his nose, and then he will struggle for life, until, perchance, he throws himself; and who would have his horse throw himsalf, and run the risk of breaking his neck, rather than pay the price of a leather halter. But this is not the worst.-r. A horse that has once pulled on his halter, can never be as well broke as one that has never pulled at all.
•i/iri ■
Remarks on the Horse.
^ But before we attempt to do anything more with the colt, I will give you some of the characteristics of his nature, that you may better understand his motions. Every one that has ever paid any attention to the horse, has noticed his natural inclination to smeU everything which to him looks -ew and frightful. This is their strange mode of examining everything. And, when they are frightened ct. anything, though they look at it sharply, they seem to tjave no confidence in this optical examination alone, but must touch it with the nose before they are entirely satisfied ; and, as soon as this is done, all is right.
Experiments with the Robe.
If you want to satisfy yourself of this characteristic of the horse, and learn someting of the importance concerning the peculiarities of his nature, etc., turn him into the barn-yard, or a large stable will do, and then gather up something that you know will frighten him : a red blanket, buffalo robe, or something of that kind. Hold it up so that he can see it, he will stick up his head and snort. Then throw it down somewhere in the center of the lot or barn, and walk oflF to one side. Watch his motions, and study his nature. If he is frightened at the object, he will not rest until he has touched it with his nose. You will see him soon begin to walk around the robe and snort, all the time getting a little closer, as if drawn up by some magic .spell, until he finally gets \sithin reach of it. He will then very cautiousiy stretch out his neck as far as he can reach, merely touching it with his nose, as though he thought it was readv to flv at him. But ^ter he has repeatedthese touches a few times,'' for th« fifst (though he has been looking at it all the. time) he seems to have
10
Si? TS**'-'"" ""--^XK b, the ,ea. of feli^, mmutes you can see that ieZlJ. 2, ''"" " '?; '^"<' '» a few
about hi„. again, aa he t^ S^Iowl' wT' 1 *'"^™« "M ^
Should run in that htlkwdlv^T" ^"'f ^ ^^^^ it. and, if he -ch at .., .iU he note^^^S.:^,^^^ ^^ 'o
Suppositions on the Sense of Smelling
P^^f^^nol\:t^l^^^^^^ f- of the horse's
for the purpose of smelling the^! obfecte B„ Vl^- *^^*^« ^o«« «« much or more for the pjpoae of fielin;. fn] fw l'^" *^*' ^^ " ^s
hlT'u' "'"^^'«' ^«« it is somet mes falleSVL'* ^' '""'^^^ "«« o^ hands ; because it is the onlv or^an bv „)!■ 'i? f ''^ ^^^'^ of our anything with much susceptlwiT ^ "^ ^' '^'^ *o"«h or feel
I believe that he invariably makes use nf H / tearing, smelling, and feeling in all I" *^® ^"ur senses, seeing.
Bense of feeling!;, perSLr^'j^^t^^^^^i'l^tions. of which ?h^'
m the experirlent Vith L robe^his?°?.ri*- ^""^ ^ ^^^'^^^ ^^a" touch with his nose, was as much for i},5 "^ approach and final th^ag else, his sens'e of smel^^blL so keen'T! °1 ^^^'•"^' «« ^^Y' necessary for him to touch his nose ar^Jn^r' "l? '^ ^o"^^ ^o* be the proper scent ; for it is said tV.4 o f ' anything in order to set tance of a mile. And if the sc:^ ofThr'V'"'" ' ^^^ ^^^ dt necessary. he could get several rods off R f T^' *" *^^' ^a« rience that if a horse seerand smells a robt' ''^^'^n ^^^'^ «-Pe- him, he is very much friahtenprl /nil ?^®.^ ^^^^^ distance from touches or feL it wiVfi L"^^^^^^^^^ feehng is the controlling sense in thi^ case! '' ^ ^°''""^ P^^^f that
Prevailing Opinion of Horsemen.
ofsn;:ll^^^^Snt^^^^^^^
_ _., ,„ ^„, .^,^ ,^^^^^ someUmes'usingtle ii^ZlTofTJi:^
of feeling, idy to play 1 take hold d in a few t about hia
fc anything nose to it. J wild look «^ill. prob- ! away, as all proba- 'on before and, if he id him so
I horse's I does so t it is as es use of 1 of our ^ or feel
seeing, lich the nk that id final as any- not be
to ^et he dis- it was
expe- 3 from Uil he if that
sense well
iiiuir
leg,
11
which they dry, grind into powder and blow into his nostrils. Some- times using the oil of rhodium, organum, etc., that are noted for their strong smell. And sometimes they scent the hands with the sweat from under their arm, or blow their breath into his nostnls, etc etc. All of which, as far as the scent goes, have r ; effect whatever in gentling the horse, or conveying any idea to his mmd ; though the works that accompany these efforts— handhng him, touching him about the nose and head, and patting him, as they direct you should, after administering the articles, may have a very great effect, which they mistake to be the effect of the ingredients used. And Faucher, in his work entitled, " The Arabian art of taming Horses," page 17, tells us how to accustom a horse to a robe, by administering certain articles to his nose ; and goes on to say, that these articles must first be applied to the horse's nose before you attempt to break him, in order to operate successfully.
Now, reader, can you, or any one else give one single reason how scent can oonvey any idea to the horse's mind of what we want bim to do ? If not, then of course strong scents of any kind are ot no account in taming the unbroken horse. For everything that we got him to do of his own accord, without force, must be accomplished by some means of conveying our ideas to his mind. I say to my horw «'ffo 'long !" and he goes ; " ho ! " and he stops ; because these two words, of which he has learned the meaning by the tap of the whip, and the pull of the rein that first accompanied them, convey the two ideas to his mind of go and stop. , , , .
Faucher, or no one else, can ever learn the horse a single thing by the means of a scent alone. j j n
How long do you suppose a horse would have to stand and smeU of a bottle of oil before he would learn to bend his knee and make a bow at your bidding," "go yonder and bring your hat, or, "come here and lay down?" Thus you see the absurdity of trying to break or tame the horse by the means of receipts for articles to smell of, or medicine to give him, of any kind whatever.
The only science that has ever existed in the world, relative to tne breaking of horses, that has been of any account, is that true method which takes them in their native state, and improves their intelligence.
Powel's System of Approaching the Colt
But, before we go further, I will give you Willis J. Powel's system of approaching a wild colt, as given by him in a work published m Europe, about the year 1814. on the " Art of taming wild Horses. He says, "A horse is gentled by my secret, in from two to sixteen hours " The time I have most commonly employed has been from four to six hours." He goes on to say : " Cause your horse to be put
in a smaii yarn, siuulu, ur luum. x. .n .. - -•: — "V v; "u P
to be large in order to give him some exercise with the halter belore you lead him out. If the horse belong to that class which appears
'» « quarter or haK„t°^ '?""<" '■""^ <o dota^a'^'f •''^ '»™'
'Without any otLr • f ^^'^e, always hr.)^ ^ ^® possible anri the sweat under m! °^ °^^'a"> inffredienL i r ^ ^"* '» it-" He
t'on that theVl e nf ' ^"S^^^dients ; b't vC '"'"r^^ ''« «« short J «iese iDo-redLrf! ./"° "«« whatever Ti'^"* ^"^"^ *his exnW
Without S"'^*5-f -noceroV tItat^'"'"^ ^^^-^ ^^ this secret. U tha^ "^ ^«" remainod «i» - ' ^^^ome « faith
a few moments in this.n S-^'^'^^''^ ^^inZu^J "" ^°" «dvancl sW and impercen^M "'^'^'on. and then adril''^"'^*^ Remain «top Without ?ran| f C"'^ • ^«^^e 'ot^;?y^a,n in the sam^ horse to stir nior« i ^ "^ Position. It io J^ ' " *"e horse stirs are ezceptiins H ^^'^'^ °°«« a^er you b'in?^ "^'common for S fou get n^e^^nouth Tor^/.^-p" his e? s Xal??^^' ^et there thus near to him° rf ise 1'?^ ^"^ ^'^ the forehead wT ^^"' "°«J come in contact wSfS?^^' ^^^^ hy deo-reeo v^ i. ^'^" ^O" are possible. If thl r *^^* part just aboH ' ^°"'" ^»°d, and Jet it rapidity thele%t:2o^'"^^'''(^s mty' 1',^)^'^^ «« ^^^'^ « "P towards his ears It ^^^' "P°° the foreLrj '^ ^^^^^^ ^^'h great
he repeated wilh rnom ? ^" ^°'*^^««d all ovfr I '''""' "'P'^''^
hghter stroker n T ^°''°« over aj] hi^f i ^^^^^t the strokes
part withTquV f.?rv '^^« «^ his head un^n'^'""'^' descending by
i-^J^ing you?handrSfin^'^° ^"«^^ ^^ '^ Jamr," ^"^^^^'^a^
horse's ears, comino- dnl ^""^ P'^^ around the In ^'^^^^ 'banner,
--^- ,^^£- -: o1 &:^i?"vJ^ t ™§
'0 «.« back of .he hor'r T^'"''}'' '"«"'» to ,l,e ,;,,„ . lew return immediZlt', ^ "^ """^ Hic hori Jl^ "' "'"' "'m „ „.-,u _ .■"ed.ately t„ the forehead „, ZlJeJ" '!">',«''„„«.
1
7 'nto the stable, 'Jy run from yoi "««* walk about ^«f ver he turna 'Short time, say ^^ much longer
t your left hand e/es upon the fiorse does not s possible, and pour Jeft hand, "t m it." Ug 'eople, such as ret, and many I in so short a I this expJana- aith placed in ecome 'faith ibt concerinjtf you advance net. fiemaia ' in the same horse stirs, won for the '' yet there ™ you, until >en you are '» and Jet it s lightly as mlh great ■fie farther le rapidity he strokes ending by indJe that t naanner rt of the lich may
arcl the
[^serving
)rse Will
he Jets
id then ervous- Patfing ilready er on
13
erery time this happens. The head, ears, neck, and body being thus gentled, proceed from the back to the root of the tail.
" 1 his must be managed with dexterity, as a horse is never to be depended on that is skittish about the tail. Let your hand fall lightly and rapidly on that part next to the body a minute or two, and then you will begin to give it a slight pull upward every quarter of a minute. At the same time you continue this handling of him, augment the force of the strokes, as well as the raising of the tail, until you can raise it and handle it with the greatest ease, which commonly happens in a quarter of an hour in most horses ; in others almost immediately, and in some much longer. It now remains to ha die all his legs. From the tail come back again to the head, handle it well, as Hkewise the ears, breast, neck, etc., speaking now and then to the horse. Begin by degrees to descend to the legs, always ascending and descending, gaining ground every time you desend until Jyou get to his feet.
" Talk to the horse in Tiatin, Greek, French, English, or Spanish, or in any other language you please ; but let him hear the sound of your voice, which at the beginning of the operation is not quite so necessaiy, but which I have always done in making him lift up his feet. Hold up your foot — ' Live la pied '— * Alza el pie ' — ' Aron ton poda,* etc., at the same time lift his foot with your hand. He soon becomes familiar with the sounds, and will hold up his foot at com- mand. Then proceed to the hind feet and go on in the same manner, and in a short time the horse will let you lift them and even take them up in your arms.
" All this operation is no magnetism, no galvanism ; it is merely taking away the fear a horse generally has of a man, and familiar- izing the animal with his master; as the horse doubtless experiences a certain pleasure from this handling, he will soon become gentle under it, and show a very marked attachment to his keeper."
Remarks on Fowel's Treatment how to Govern Horses
of any kind.
These instructions are very good, but not quite sufficient for horses of all kinds, and for haltering and leading the colt; but I have inserted it here, because it gives some of the true philosophy of ap- proaching the horse and of establishing confidence between man and horse. He speaks only of the kind that fear man.
To those who understand the philosophy of horsemanship, these are the easiest trained ; for when we have a horse that is wild and lively, we can train him to our will in a very short time ; for they are generally quick to learn, and alwav? ready to obey. But therei is another kind that are of a stubb': : , or vicious disposition, and, although they are not wild, and do not require taming, in the sense it is generally understood, they are just as ignoranii as a wild horsej
/#'"""?
li
'ow, and obev nn!i ^ ^*^® ^'Ja fear us fnr£: obedience
beforf^Z. ^' ^^^ we must have fli« f icn ^ °"'* '"otto is fear oexore we can expect the lattpr o»I •. • ^ fulfillment of thp fito/! *
make a sharn rln ^ '^.^ fi^^^^^ si^t ^0^ «n ^^ . ^^ t'ugly applied, acS; S S'^'' ^{ tandledtS d'exTertVf ^^ P^ enliven the spir,W JJ ^ ^ '^"'P' ^^^'^e word wilj fc ^ "'^^^^^ Tvith flio 7„ u . ^"7 horse. With n,; " ,-' . '^ '^^ sufficient to
yourself "; attract hi ?f ""^^^^^^ a^one, so L tn h^ ^"" '" ^ stable
three-quarters nf o»\ "°' ^ant for mv<5Pif J , "™® *o "se
runnini abouMl fi^ ^^^^ *° ^^ndJe any kiK ' ^?'' ^'^"^ ^^'^ or
l^im slowly T^'nfhih '"'" "^ ^^« ^'^ settle^d n o?I V'"^' "^ ^^^ » side, holdin^-T e tj ,n''"'V''''^*''^"^"->'' ^o '^ Ih Va '"• ' 'C^^^^'-^^^ ;vith yourh^nd nrotTtin:'^''r^^'^' ^^"^^''^ Jc'ft b^T^f it^^,^"^ towards his hppri , §* ^^ ^O" approach hJm !^^ ^^^^o^'
hand J L"? '""■«'^ bygivinir thpm n " '"'™ Preached (he - - • " h-J. ca,«, hi„ ^ before direct, "al'aj:
auch ; and in orde* that they should be n perfect obedience r our motto is fear f of the firstTo
losophy of creatine? Will every kind o?
'fa]] kinds, and to '^ us, ^vhen we so ^hale-bone buffSv ' to cut keen and enty, and right]y 'il be sufficient to
^ your Tight hand, 'e aione. It is a
' one in a stable
ave nothing but
soon see him in
' tlie time to use
>re than half or
t, and have hJm
Id advise a new
ich of a hurry.
:ular about the
inence in hand-
lod afc first, till
o"rs. But, as
Jore, learn the
"luch quicker
'7, when you
Jock at you a
^y> approach
Sing by your
I' the elbow,
not too much
te either for-
'' 'f he does
i''glit or left
ou get very
'ecouds. If your hand,
'Cause it js the horse. I
hand just 1
, and with I
cached the M
is from the 1
soon as he ;i
'd, always
IS
using a very light, soft hand, merely touching the horse, always rubbing the way the hair lays, so that your hand will pass along as smoothly as possible. As you stand by his side you may find it more convenient to rub his neck or the side of his head, which will answer the same purpose, as rubbing his forehead. Favor every inclination of the horse to smell or touch you with his nose. Always follow each touch or communication of this kind with most tender and affectionate caresses, accompanied with a kind look, and pleasant word of some sort, such as : Ho 1 my little boy, ho ! my little boy, pretty boy, nice lady ! or something of that kind, constantly repeat- ing the same words, with the same kind, steady tone of voice ; for the horse soon learns to read the expression of the face and voice, and will know as well when fear, love, or anger prevails, as you know your own feelings ; two of which, /car and anger, a good horse- man should never feel.
How to Proceed if your Horse is of a Stubborn
Disposition.
If your horse, instead of being wild, seems to be of a stubborn or mulish disposition, if he lays back his ears as you approach him, or turns his heels to kick you, he has not that regard or fear of man that he should have, to enable you to handle him quickly and easily ; and it might be well to give him a few sharp cuts with the whip, about the legs, pretty close to the body. It will crack keen as it plies around his legs, and the crack of the whip will affect him as much as the stroke ; besides one sharp cut about his legs will affect him more than two or three over his back, the tkin on the inner part of his leo-s or about his flank being thinner, more tender than on his back.'' But do not whip him much, just enough to scare him, it is not because wc want to hurt the horse that we whip him, we only do it to scare that bad disposition out of him. But whatever you do, do quickly, sharply, and with a good deal of fire, but always without anger. If you are going to scare him at all you must do it at once. Nevt-i go into a pitcli battle with your horse, and whip him until ho is mad and ^vill figlit you ; you had better not touch him at all, for you will (stablish, instead of i'ear aud regard, feelinas of resent- ment, hatred and ill-will. It will do him no good but an injury, to strike a blow, unless you can scare him ; but if you succeed in scaring him, you can whip him without making him mad; for fear and anger never exist together in the horse, and as scon as one ia visible, you will find that the other has disappeared. As soon as you have frightened him so that he will stand up straight and pay some attention to you, approach him again, and caress him a good deal more than ■'^ou whipT^ed Liin-. then you will excite (he two con« trolling passions"' of his nature, love ani fear, and then he will fear and love you too, and as soon he learns what to do will quickly obey,
16
How to Halter and Lead the Colt.
that you have gentled bimlcL-'^' ^"^.^'^ ^^e same side proaching closd/to hi«, yiu'can 2 'n rff-^^'^'d about your ap! the whip a part of your krm «n^ ^ J^ ^ ^"" quicker by making butt end of ''it. rubbT/ h m hiT^fc-f^^f f '^^ -"h thf a ttle closer, shortening the whfn h f P?^^«" the time getting until you finally get cJose^nou A ^. '"^'"^ '* "P '» your^hand^ .3 mclined to hold Ins head fro| you ZIT' ""T^! '"^ ^'^^' If he around his neck, drop your Xp^an/dii' '"^ °^ '^'^ ^^^''«'- «trap his neck give, and you can pujn;;, hl^.T ""^'^ ^''"*'>^ '' ^^ ^iH let that pan of the halter, which buclli. *° ^*'"- ^^^" *^''e hold of pass the long side or tCf ,^ f ^- , °''^^ ^'^^ top of his head nmf
neck graspi^ng t'on U.:^!? osil side^^th'^^ ^^^ ^"°^i^' -'de'r his the hrst strap loose-the laZr wil h^ T<^ •^°"' ''^^^ ^^"^' ^^^"^4 you Low.r the halter a little Tu enn.f;'''°* '^ '^"^'^ '"^ head tl par which goes around it, then .S if. ° '^ S'* ^'^ "^^^"^ '"'^ that buck e. and you will ha;e UaU r ^1 1 T^^^'i' '"'^ ^''''"^ '^' ^^p a CO t you should stand on ho tf " •?' ^''* ^''"^ y°" l^alteV his shoulder, only taking hold of that . f ' /'*f "^ ^«" ^^^^ to around h,s neck, then with you- h«n/ 'i °^ "^" halter that goes hold hisheadtoyou.andraispfLru' ^^°"'^ ^'^ ^^ck you can dodge by putting yo;' hand abnnf »?'''' "° ^' ^i^'^^"' '^«king him long rope or st?ap readv «n^ ^" "°'^- ^ou should have^
attach this to it. so^atyo^' 1 ,?>,'°'" ^' ^^^ 1^«^« the haUer on without letting go of the s??. '^''^ ^^'^ ^^e length of the staWe halter, for if /ou^^nly lt%tterthT t^h^^?'"^' "^ ?"" - ^^e halter, and give him fope wh^n he run, T^ °^ v:^"'" h*°d on the pull, or throw himself, yet you wHl be VnS^ ^T' ^" ^'^' never o-ear. doing more toward genUing^him than If i ^."" ^" '^e time, and him right up. and htld him^o";e spo IT. ""'^ f ^ P°^«^ '« ^""b any thing about his strength and if I. ' /T''!^' ^^ does not know him pull, he will never know tlat jf/ "^"^ ' ^° ^^^^ ^^ing to maki begin to control him witSThe tau' T ^l ' ^'^ '"•^"'«« 7^^ 'an tween yourself and the ho se bv tv ^'" 'V''*^" *he distance be-
.trt: 'T^' ^' ^"J allow VoVtohW*^^
Strap, and step up to him withourflv?nrK t"^ ^^ ^ ^^'^^^^ly short
him some idea about leading fiuU^df?-' ^7 '^'^ ^^g'^ to give attempt to pull him after you but n! ^^''' ^° ^°* go beforelnd quickly to one side. He has «nf^ ^^'"P^ence by pulling him verv and will soon yield to a steadv "! ^^.'^'^'^ either side ?f Ms nec7 soon as you ha^ve pulled hf^'jsillttl^f '' *^« ^^^'^^ ' ^«d a^ and caress him, and then null f; ° *° °°^ ''^«' ^^ep up to him until you can pull him arold t e^rvT""' .-'P'^^^^^ '^is operation *^ble with bi^, which you can do in^ f'""^'^''' ^"'^ ^"'^ ^^out the
4
fVu
at.
£e the halter in
the same side about your ap. :ker by making gentJy with the he time getting ' in your hand, >n him. If he he halter strap t'7 ; he will let 311 take hold of
his head, and 5kle, under his t hand, letting Id his head to nose into that Tasten the top ne you halter well back to Iter that goes leck you can i making him lould have a he halter on, of the stable Q pull on the hand on the 1 never <rear, be time, and 'wer to snub 3s not know ng to make ites you can (istance be- your hand, rably short gin to give
before and ■ him very { his neck, f ; and as
up to him
operation
about the ! will soon rew times- t knowing rou have
17
handled him so gently, that he ia not afraid of you, and you always caress him when he comes up to you, and he likes that, and would just as leave follow you as not. And after he has had a few lessons of that kind, if you turn him out in a lot he will come up to you every opportunity he gets. You should lead him about in the stable some time before you take him out, opening the door, so that he can see out, leading bim up to it and back again, and past it. See that there is nothing on the outside to make him jump, when you ta,ke him out, and as you go out with him, try to make him go very slowly, catching hold of the halter close to the jaw, with your left hand, while the right is resting on the top of the neck, holding to his mane. Aftp: you are out with him a little while, you can lead him about as you please. Don't let any second person come up to you when you first take him out ; a stranger taking hold of the halter would frighten him, and make him run. There should not even be any one standing near him to attract his attention, or scare him. If you are alone, and manage him right, it will not require any more force to lead or hold him than it would to manage a broke horse.
Bow to lead a Colt by fhe side of a broken Horse.
If you should want to lead your colt by the side of another horse, as is often the case, I would advise you to take your horse into the stable, attach a second strap to the colt's halter, and lead your horse up alongside of him. Then get on the broke horse and take one strap around his breast, under his martingale, (if he has any on,) holding it in your left hand. This will prevent the colt from getting back too far ; besides, you will have more power to hold him, with the strap pulling against the horse's breast. The other strap take up in your right hand to prevent him from running ahead ; then turn him about a few times in the stable, and if the door is wide enough, ride out with him in that position ; if not, take the broke horse out first, and stand hia breast up against the door, then lead the colt to the same spot, and take the straps as before directed, one on each side of his neck, then let some one start the colt out, and as he comes out, turn your horse to the left, and you will have them all right. This is the best way to lead a colt ; you can manage any kind of a colt in thi3 way, without any trouble ; for, if he tries_ to run ahead, or pull back, the two straps will bring the horses facmg each other, so that you can easily follow up his movements without 'doing much holding, and as soon as he stops running backward you are right with him, and all ready to go ahead. And if he gets stubborn and does not want to go, you can remove all his stubborn- ness by riding your horse against his neck, thus compelling him to turn to the right, and as soon as you have turned him about a few times, he will be willing to go along. The next thing, after you are through leading him, will be to take him into a stable, and hitch him in such a way as not to have him pull on the halter, as they are
iiY:i.
18
often troublesome to i?et ,'„*«« , ^,
How to lead a Colt into fi,« ct ,
^ ''-»« SSS.*Su"?„^'5,-|^«oh um Without
and on the oppose s?de wijf /"PP!"=' ^^ being iretty weH bait' hi^A ® 'mpossib e for him tnr^Y, , ° '^® center of the stnll
I
i<2^
'w times, I will give
oh him without
» first, and get the 'efuses to go, step right hand; then r left hand, at the t arm so that you i; bring him up . reaching as far pretty weil back, ' keep him close 1 your left hand ^ed colts into the worked at them 'walk him in at in every direc- PuHing at him. !ad in the right an ten minutes, ould make him was not afraid It him to know lurt, andsome- and those who iness, when a
bly wide stall, i by a bar, or that, after the ht, backward
of the stall, partition be- in the center In a state of ' light strap, ^'J'ng. But him the use litch him to id give him minutes at
halter.
ifl
I
The kind of Bit, aiid liow to accuatom a Horae to it.
«,S '^w'?^'^ ""u * ^^""S®' ''"°°*^' «°»ffle bit, so as not to hurt his mouth with a bar to each side, to prevent the bit from pu lin.J
your bndle, and put it on your colt without any reins to it, and let
mUeTsidTo'/h 'k!^' 'i'^^f, r '^'^' ''"^^ t"»«' -^'^ h« b come a little used to the bit, and will bear it without trying to L-et it out of
h.s mou h. It would be well, if convenient, to^ epea° ^his severa
^hZu i^',""'''^ V?S'« ''"'" to 't' '"Without any martingale. You faX^it "o « r u ^ ^'^'■ '"' y^""- •'^^t. or a bridle made after the fashion of a halter, with a strap to it. so that you can hold or lead ^m about without pulling on the bit much. He is now ready for
How to Saddle a Colt,
wildlXp^.U^rT' ^^° ^'^^ *'"' theory, can put a saddle on the widest colt that every grew, without any help, and without scaring hrm. The first thing will be to tie each stirrup strap into a loos! knot to make them short, and prevent the stirrups from flyin<r about and hitting him Then double up the skirts and take the^s^dSle under your right arm. so as not to frighten him with it as you an- proach. When you get to him, rub him gently a few times with your hand, and then raise the saddle very slowly until he can see it and smell, and feel it with his nose. Then let the skirts loose aid rub It very gently against his neck the way the hair lays, letting him hear the rat le of the skirts as he feels them against hfm ; eSirL^ getting a little farther backward, and finally sli? it over his shouS on his back. Shake It a little with your handf and in less thai fiv" minutes you can rattle it about over his back as much as you please!
tentio^n tl ""^ '^'''' '' °" '°'^'^' ^''^'^"' ^'^ payinjmuch at:
As soon as you have accustomed him to the saddle, fasten the
hi Ll« .r^'- S i°'^ ^''V^ *^''- ^t °^«" f'-'ghtens a colt when he feels the girth binding him, and making the saddle fit tight oa
r/f. 'f: Vf .°« '?°- ''^ ^""» ^P *^' g'^'^ ^«ry gently, and not draw t too tight at first, just enough to hold the saddle on. Move him a little, and then girth it as tight as you choose, and he will not mind it. You should see that the pad of your saddle is all righc before you ffl T'^^^'u- 'ft th«^? '« "othing to make it hurt him, or feel un- pleasant to his back. It should not have any loose straps on She
him ir^U w '\^? '^"".' f ■'^ '''''' ''^••^- ^fter you ha?e saddled Z^ li J T^: *^^^? '"'''°'' "^ y^""" ''S^^ l^and to tap him up with, Ll T.^i' „l^°J!^ ^1.S« «^^b|« - >- ti--> with yo'ur riglft arm ^.^. vjj. ouuvx:^, tuumg nola 01 the reins on each side of his neck with your right and left hands. Thus marchinc. him about m the stable until you learn him the use pf the bridle, and can
20
Jou can learn him more in two linT.i ?• ^endangering your head
than you could in two weeks in tt. '"' '" * ^tableVthia kind
out in an open place. If you fSfn '"'"'" °" ^"^ ^t breaking cohs
«eed not run an^ risk, or hCe ^ll^^'l '?""?. ^^ treatment, you'
of a horse. Yoi tak; him a sten TIV"" "^'"^ ^^' worst'klnd
mutual confidence and trust hltZ * *"°^' """1 you ^et un a
learn him to lead and stanH tulV ^^^^^'^ ^nd horsf K
saddle, and the use o? the^^l Sn" if tJT^"^' .^^rwith' he
W^ -thout scaring him) an°d' ^t^^^^^: h^ra^;:?, ^^ ^^^
How to Mount the Colt.
•nywhere about him. ^'°«^' •°'* " "ot afraid to see you
one fooror eighC !Ses ^ Shtl^'ll' ^f- V"^^" ^^^^^J^' about him, about where you want to !f! i 1 ^"^ '^' '' down by the side of 'aising yourself very geS ho «L «'^"''""' ^''" ' «t«P 4 on this very closely, and if you we're ^f ' '"''"^ "^^"g« o^ PosiS would be /ery apt toCare J ^^ but Vv^ '"^'^'^^^ °" *^« ^ ^
near ;h«' ^'" '^^ ^°"' ^'^^^onT^T. frLt'eT/ ^'"''^"^^ ^^^^^^'V near the same as when you are on hfs blft ' '" ^ P°*'^^<^n ^erjr As soon as he will bear ili;« -n,;7i "'^''^^'^' "^
«e^t to you. and put you 1 ft f^tYntn t'"^^ "°^^« ^^^ ««rrup strap over zt holding ySur Lee gainS h ^0^1'"'*'^' '"^ ^^^^d squar? to touch him under the shoulder wkh f^ ?' "*"? ^°"'* ^^^ o^^ so as your right hand on the front of M,! ,t *°^ ""^ ^o^r boot. Place of you. Takfng holS of a .'o't on 'o?t' '"' °" ^^^ opposite S they hang loosely over his ne^^k with vo„. ? ,f f^^^^^d the reins as bear your weight on the stir^n'./ "'^^ ^'^^^ ' then gradually torse feels your whole WeLTl^'^^^" Cl'" ^ight hand .:,tii the times each time raising youfse f a 1 tU. iff' V ''P''' *^'« ''^^'^ he mil allow you to raise rnm 1 ^, • ^'^^^ ^'om the h:.,'. „ >/
in the saddle.^ ''''' ^°"^ ^'^ °^«r his croop, and place yourself
First,7 ^'^^'^^'- ch^Se^ t '^^'^^ ^ ^'ock to mount from.
Wse that has never Ln CTed \TVV' ^''S^'''' ^ Joung to him, and stand by his side wi honf ■ " ^"°^ ^^^ ^o walk uf have D-pnfln-i I. . , :, *'"^ without scarino- «t. x,X,. i,.. " "H
I
f
f
agentJ«pu]l ofUi* a little every time
colt in 8ome tight >ft should be hiSh ;ering your head! able of this kind, of breaking colts, of treatment, you ng the worst kind >til you get up a f d horse. Jifrst ^int him with the ?mains, is to get m as well as any
lie, and all over, raid to see you
all block, about Q by the side of step up on this, nge of position 5n the block, it rseJf gradually position very
e stirrup strap i stand square toe out, so as boot. Place opposite side I the reins as hen gradually ^nd uv'.itil the this several
ilace )'ourself
' mount from, ten a young to walk up Jecause you ■ J ^ii juuaas fhtened^and
I
21
upon the same principle hfi would frighten at your new position if yoa had the power to hold yourseU'over his back without touching mm. Then the first great advantage of the block ifl to gradually gentle him to that new position in which he will see you when you ride him.
Secondly, by the process of leaning your weight In the stirrups, and on your hand, you can gradual^ accustom him to your weight, so as not to frighten him by having him feel it all at once. And in the third place the block elevates you so that you will not have to make a spring in order to get on to the horse's back, but from il yoa can gradually raise yourself into the saddle. When you take these pre' cautions, there is no horse so wild but what you can mount nim without making him jump. I have tried it on the worst horses that eoivi be found, and have never failed in any case. When mounting, your horse should always stand without being held. A horse is never v»ell broke when he has to be held with a tight rein white mounting ; and a colt is never so safe to mount, as when you see (that assurance of confidence, and absence of fear, which causes him to stand without holding.
Bow to Ride the Qqlt,
When you want him to start do not touch him on the side witk your heel or do anything to frighten him to make him jump. But apeak to him kindly, and if he does not start, pull him a little to the left until he starts, and then let him walk off slowly with the reini loose. Walk him around in the stable a few times until lie gets used to the bit, and you can turn him about in every direction and stop bin as you please. It would be well to get on and off a good muiy times until he gets perfectly used to it before you take him out of the stable.
Alter you have trained him in this way, which should not take you more than one or two hours, you can ride him anywhere you choose without ever having him jump or make any effort to throw you.
When you first take him out of the stable be very gentle with him, «s he will feel a little more at liberty to jump or run, and be a little easier frightened than he was while in the stable. But after hand- ling him so much in the stable he will be pretty well broke, and you will be able to manage him without trouble or danger.
When you first mount him take a little the shortest hold on the left rein, so that if any thing frightens him you can prevent him jumping by pulling his head around to you. This operation of pulhn^ a horse's head around against his side wiH prevent any horse from jumping ahead, rearing up, or gunning away. If he is stub- bom and will not go, you 6&n make him move by pulling his head Iffound to oii|B bide, when whijj^piiiw would ht^ve no effect. And tiufning him around a few times wul make him dizzy, anil then by
proper way to Bit a Colt '' '■ ^-'"' '"^'^fn
^^Ahor.eshou,VrweirJ^'\ down. J
the bitting iarness 11^ I ^''^^"stonied to the h.7 i! J ^ot over ft. liis head up to tS. • *''\''' ^^^ ^^st bit him i ^(°^^ ^o" P«t on or lowj Le liJ «./°!°* ''^^^^ i« natua-al v l^J°" «ho"Jd ^^fy rein
draw the bittin^alTfH^ ^^''«'^ *° loosen theTt ^^5'^ '^"^ give «tiJ] raise his "Id to jon^^'^?^ ^^^^3^ *'«>« Tou put^t"^ *^^"7°" ««« &?» his head and nelk ^fif" '*' -^^ '^''^ ifvou i'.^^ '^^ ^«i eiy^him a nice and IJ" r^f P°''"°n Jon want h>- * gradually bin. n,ad, or causii^hist "^ 1^''^' ^i'bout hSrdnl° P'"'^ '^' «"d , . if you put the bitt,W r"*'' *°.S^«t «ore. ''"'^^^"fi^ ^""' 'naking l^w head enouffh to n? ^''y ^'g^t the first tin,« t, Pa^. sweat, and t^° °°f^" '*' ^ut wiJJ bear L^®',^® cannot raise falJiDff bacWo J "^T ^''nself. J^w hnf V* ^" «be time and
I
a Me touch with
"/Redirection in 7 ;o change the
colt much better ' ttuch less time.
^la head around
Well accustomed es his head too nm,
''ar at first as to f e he is a littJe ^e him bnd to
■■r-' ■ ■ ■■■■_ '' ■/Oil
'■ MUaimin
u.hh, r. .,, ^ ,
thing they do, to mate him to i-un a half •'Jts that they yo^ng horse ^d down. I jot over it. e you put on uM only rein that be high 'ad, and that 'w wiJ] give len you can and he will i gradually ^'7 it, and '™, making
annot raise ' time, and hilled by dr^wn up, orses that bitting on ■ /;■/
»aa any
J
23
upward, and merely touching his body, then slip a loop ovei^his knee, and up until it comes above the pasture joint to keep it up, being careful to draw the loop together between the hoof and pasture joint with o .iccond strap of some kind, to prevent the loop from slipping down and coming oflF. This will leave the borse standing on three legs ; you can now handle him as you wish, for it is utterly impossible for him to kick in this position. There is something in this operation of taking up one foot that conquers a horse quicker and better than anything else you can do to him. There is no process m the world equal to it to break a kicking horse, for several reasons. First, there is a principle of this kind in the nature of the horse ; that by conquering one member, you conquer, to a great extent, the whole horse.
You have perhaps sean men operate upon this principle by sewing a horse's ears together to prevent him from kicking. I once saw a plan given in a newspaper to make a bad horse stand to be shod^ which was to fasten down one ear. There were no reasons given why you should do so ; but I tried it several times, and thought it had a good effect — though I would not recommend its use, especially stitching his ears together. The only benefit arising frona this process is, that by disarranging his ears we draw his attention to them, and he is not so apt to" resist the shoeing. By tying up one foot we operate on the same principle to a much better effect. When you first fasten up a horse's foot he will sometimes get very mad, and strike with his knee, and try every possible way to get it down ; but he cannpfi do that, and will give it up.
This will conquer him better than anything you could do, and without any possible danger of hurting himself or you either, for you can tie up his foot and sit down and look at him until he gives up. When you find that he is conquered, go to him, let down his foot, rub his leg with your hand, caress him and let him rest a little, then put it up again. Repeat this a few times, always putting up the same foot, and he will soon learn to travel on three legs so that you can drive him some distance. As soon as ho gets a little used to this way of travelling, put on your harness and hitch him to a sulky. If he is the worst kicking horse that over raised a foot, you need not be fearful of his doing any damage while he has one foot up, for he cannot kick, neither can he run fast enough to do any harm. And if he is the wildest horse that ever had harness on, and has run away every time he has been hitched, you can now hitch him in a sulky aud drive him as you please. And if he wants to run you can let him have the lines, and the whip too, with perfect safety, for he cannot go but a slow gait on three legs, and will soon be tired and willing to stop ; only hold him enough to guide him in the right direction, and. he will soon be tired and willing to stop at the word. Thus you will effectually cure him at once of any further notion of running off. Kicking horses have always been the dread of every body ; you always hear men say, when they speak about a bad horse, " I don't care what he does, so he don't kick." This new method is an effectual cure for this worst of all habits. There
f.i.i I
24
K°^.lo';^h'h7 ^tu/uZV'''^^ ^''^^ l^or^e and fore* ^od effect towards breait/him for'^' . ^^'^'t ^are any cause they are afraid of >^hlt il hi •^!u'"'°^ ^^^^ horses kick bo- agamst it and it hurts them/lv t«^'nV^''",' ^°^ ^^^^ they kick jrill hurt them still more and i^L!^ '''^ ^''^'^ '^^ harder, and tht
PW. wagon, or anyThit^e^n'Jt", ^"'^ '^^^ '° ^ rattling sulk, frightened at first hut. eise ,n its worst shaoe Thp^r^ V'
n«w process a bad ttth?. ''i, °"' ""^ f^Uier trouble B, .P^
On Balking.
^e£iS??>»ti:^' :tr« te S'o^" '-
n«* ,*"/ /rom some mismanae-emonf ^^^u ^^ '° harness it is
g A-ss Mir %»"&-. ^^ ft
?•"!''"'.» {""P. "Woh will not J^v! the ln.Tl'''° '""•'' '• '^M
*»' *=,«•" Jorse has made Ittr ir^ f ?"< "S""' i« ""S lb.I if '"'' ""■" both badly balked l„7' '' "S""^" back, and aiem knows what is the mailer nrl," . ° '^'^"^i Ihal neither of
rv:rti''""T""^ """'^^"go 4rrtif'a'„H''V';f''- ^*'"«'
anver, till something is broken nr i,T-ri.P' ^^^ hollowing of tha treatment. But whft a mistake tL^ ■' '^'°"S^ ^^'^^ his fou.se of
«gainst the collar to move a ]nJ 1 T' ^' ^^^^ » steady pressurA Wi^h a steady, determ nel pirle i^f" '""'^^^ ^^P^^* hirto "c?
S^-^^^J^^r-ri^^o^SIl?^^^^^^^
»«o,. .«„,e to balk another time7 You ^w^vs?'^''' '""^^ "^«m
xou always see horses that have
25
fhor^ieand forc« don't hare any t horses kick bo- when they kick harder, and this he scrape much em to hare any
rattling sulky, ^tiey may be jrt themselves, hem, and then
then let down ubie. By this ' go gentle in
;i^>v ,f
brought into harness it is |»on, ©r from illingneas to [•oing horaes i^ers do not e horse in a ord he will e him such nd stop the t any cessa- he will find ' back, and ' neither of
Next will Iff of the I course of ipping his 1 him that 'w how to he should wants to 'sion, but
pressure im to act ng him. pull true ke tham lat have
btiei balked a few times, turn their heads and look back, aa soon as they are a little frustrated . This is because they have been wbipwd and are afraid of what is behind them. This U an myariablerule witl^ balked horses, just as much as it is for them to look around at their sides when they have the bots; in either case they are deserving of the same sympathy and the same kind, rational treatment.
Whencyour horse balks, or is a little excited, if be wants to stajrt quickly, or looks around and don't want to go, there is something wrong, and he needs kind treatment immediately. Caress him kindly, and if he don't understand at once what you want him to do, he will not be so much excited as to jump and break things, and do everything wrong through fear. As long as you are calm, and can keep down the excitement of the horse, there are ten chances to haV^ him understand you, where there would not be one under harsh treatment, and then the little ;iar« up would not cariy with it any unfavorable recollections, and he would soon forget all about it, and learn to pull true. Almost every wrong act the horse commit* is ftom mismanagement, fear or excitement ; one harsh word will so excite a nervous horse as to increase his pulse ten beats m a minute.
When we remember that we are dealing with dumb brutes, and reflect how difficult it must be for them to understand our naotions, mgns and language, we should never get out of patience with them bSjause they don't understand us, or wonder at their doing things wrong. With all our intellect, if we were placed in the horses situation, it would be difficult for us to stand the drivmg of some foreigner, of foreign ways and foreign language. We should always wcoUect that our ways and language are just as foreign and unknown to the horse as any language in the world is to us, and should try to practice what we could understand, were we thehorse, endeavoring by some simple means to work on his understanding rather than on the different parts of his body. All balked horses can be started tnw and steady in a few minutes time ; they are all wijhng to puU as soon as they know how, and I never yet found a balked horse that I could not teach him to start his load in fifteen, and often less thfUl
three mintues time. „ , , . ji •<• i *
Almost any team, when first balked, will start kmdly, if you let them stand five or ten minutes, as though there was nothing wrong, and then speak to them with a steady voice, and turn them a little to the right or left, so as to get them both in motion before they feel the pinch of the load. Butif you want to start a teain that you are not driving yourself, that has been balked, fooled, and whipped for some time, go to them and hang the lines on their hames, or fasten them to th? wagon, so that they will be perfectly loose ; make the driver and spectators (if there is any) stand off some distance to one side, so as not to attract the attention of the horses ; unloose theur checkreins, so that they can get their heads down, if they choose ; let them stand a few minutes in this condition, unUl you can see that *hs.^ ar« ft littl« comnosed. While they are standing you should be about their heads, gentling them ; it wiU make them a iiiiie more kind, and the spectators will think that you are doing something that
26
have but nnn k ii , °'*' **and before th^m T i '^^^d yon
Take h ^^ ^""^ " ^""^ *" ^"-'^
'SdiJir?«h^t%a":.e7^^^^^^ -'^ tale *e
soon as he wUI be„ il- "■ ''''°"'''l««>uthi7oarin„ r ^,? °"" P"'
— r. „ Wiijp over
I
'*• When yon »8you seldom Jint of him as his nose come 3 will go slow- 'gnt, wUhout I Jet them go ; 'en turn them e them under 1 to the right, 'you please. oalky horse, QouJders will feet in your eight comes ave his foot, horse from
set apart a Jtte .steady and straps, a them up, ogethej for d go up to ^bout him,
you can. inever you
n; have it b shorten essary he lem. Do 'SeJy, and ps of his 3 they go r a large lake any
27
them. ^As soon as he is familiar with the harness and line, take him out and put him by the sidfe of a gentle horse, and go through the sanae process that you did with the balking horse. Always use a bridle without blinds when you are breaking a horse to harness.
How to hitch a Horse in a Sulky.
Lead him to and around it; let him look at it, touch it with his nose, and stand by it till he does not care for it ; then pull the shafts a little to the left, and stand by your horse in front of the oflf wheel. Let some one stand on the right side of the horse, and hold him by the bit, while ^ou stand on the left side, facing the sulky. This will keep him straight. Run your left hand back and let it rest on U^ hip, and lay hold of the shafts with your right, bringing them up very: gently to the Ifeft hand, which still i-emains stationary. Do ;xot let any thiiig but your arm touch his Vafcli, and as soon as you have the shafts square over him, let the person on' the opposite side take hold of one of them and lower them very gently on the shaft bearers. Be very slow and deliberate about hitching ; the longer time you take the better, as a general thing. When you have the shafts placed, shake them slightly, so that he will feel them against each side. As soon as he will bear them without scaring, fasten your braces, etc., and start him along very slowly. Let one man lead the horse, to keep him gently, while the other gradually works back with the lines till he can get behind and drive him. After you hstve driven him in this way a short distance, you can get into the sulky, and all will go right. It is very important to have /our horse go gentle, when you first hitch him. After you have walked him awhile, there is not half so much danger of his scaring. Men do very wrong to jump up behind a horse to drive him as soon as they have him hitched. There are too many things for him to comprehend all at once. The shafts, the hues, the harness, and the rattling of the sulky, all tend to scare him and he mv.st be made familiar with them by degrees. If your horse is very wild, I would advise you to p^t up one foot the first time you drive him.
lie the ith the an put • ■ As
draw II bear
colts, > over
, How to make a Horse lie down.
Everything that we want to learn the horse must be commenced in some way to give him an idea of what you want him to do, and then be repeated till he learns it perfectly. To make a horse lie down, bend his left fore leg, and slip a loop over it, bo that he cannot get it down. Then put a circingle around his body, and fasten one end of a long strap around the other fore leg, just above the hoof. Place the other end under the circingle, so as to keen the stran in the right haad; stand on the left side of the horse, grasp the Wt'in t«w
I
^«fd. but with a steaH. *' V*'°«* t>s side with / ''''^"' *°d *"«» ^'« lie down As*^ ®^"?^ P^««ure, Zt ^ «V°!*' shoulder, not quered, a J^utj^^^" .^ Je lies dow'n Se wiflt oo*"^ f^'^''*^^ J^« *?d straighten out his £' ^'™ t ^^^^ P^^ase tI i^ t*'^^ °°'»-
J»ewmiie dowTh^ff?y'f'^^'^ksnyouily^^^!'^{^''' one lesson!
40J!Wi from tie m«?J ^^J^ °^ ^^ ^<K>t, wd in? r^^^^?'*** % '^'hl ;;;; ^^ ' ^ * ""^'^ motion of the irtiik ■ * * ^«^ dftys hS wiU liJ
Tum
*"' *• ~^ • H«« fellow y.„.
,„ h- . — ^ «wuow yon.
length If the stable ZlV^ ^'P' ^'"» « 'ong *? * r 'l?f "™« *>«i«of voice as v«:,7 ^J"F ^"^ on the ne?k -i*^'- ^®»<* *»i«n the fertead of bov }/? ^*"^ ^'"»' «omh a wko .J.' i ^'°« « a steady «%lf»fly with L ^•'"' ''^^^s®- Erery S **' "*® *»" n-me
Wftl.out?/Mn/h^ n « ' ri ^"^ «*» ^^Him fS? *^ ^'^J^
the stabr^Aer voa { °' *^'^*3^ ^is Te win fo1?«^ *^« '«o«on stable, take hbi oit^nfn ^^""^ #'^^ ^im two orThil ^'^ ^^^ *b°«t can take himStrthTr ^'"'?^°'««<J trai^hlS^-anf^ ^'"r^ '^ the ^^ afteryo^^ ^'^^ ^-^ -^ -ake him ^cJl^^ To'/S^J^te" I^d"
oil 'ji.: '•oo
Sow to make a Bone mi^^A ^ .
wwe stand withont holding.
^ you have hin, «..ii ... . ^^
•TV. -'•^-'^'^witftont holding
' °" " ""« » «=«« «^"ii the whip ani
»ve to come on that he cannot »Mon, and turn f shoulder, not ten minutes he >rm,Ieteljr con- off the straps, face and neck egs, and after ^a'n. After Repeat th© * one lesson,
n lour lesson* as he is we$ •e leff with a y'' he will Ii«
29
?il«"v ^^"^ 'V^® '""® *P^* ^''o°» "»^J^i«h 1»« started. If he stands,
rnn L J!f *' ^^i®' ^''^. f °"**°"« S^^'^'^S ^'^^ '« t^" ^^X "^til I^o^,^ K^ •''°''°*^ ^'"^ '''*^°"' "'^'^'"ff h'*" '"ore. Keep walking FnU^i f' ^^<!'«?8ingyour pace, and only touch him occasionally. Jtnlarge your circle as you walk around, and if he then moves, give
5?.?r^^' *'''** ^'^^ *^/ ^^'P ""'i P^t l^i^ I'ack to his place. If f^J!?v ' ^"^ • ° ^'-1? frequently and caress him. and then walk around him again. Do not keep him in one position too long at a cme, out make him come to you occasionally and follow you round Ltl v^- J^^]' stand him in another place, and proceed as Detore. You should not tram your horse more than half an hour at
-^M.:.- J^iMM«^IES
"J^
wneetoget '«m a Htflei same time ad him the a a steady ' Ws name iouch him and then ' to escape 5u around 'Urn from Q turn hii« "^ lessons e motion ou about »s in the Bnce you ere, and
> in the idualjv lipaai
.cia lol •:•
-•",
lb If
...rr
. • ( ; J
O'-fi-r
n \
tl.:i 0'
01'
'^HE HORSEMAN'
S GUIDE
AXTD
I^^KRIER.
4"'"^' Wn'^^Ccr'lt™^' ^«*°' cures of di.aa. . W'tt unparalleled success T i ^ P^Wised tliem for m.nt '
Cure for Colic.
Cure for the Bots.
PinTtf roCes." '^r'lS' »f, 'j-i milk, fjus, from the oo. , o„
Tor Distemper.
„ „„c^ ygjjj^ j^^ powder. ^^' '""* ^™™
I
' ^'^d -^'iO uov
JIBE
diseases to lany years B folio wino' in despai^
Q whisky ; oaove him 6 a piece 'o a pint and then
■her, one permint, veil and
w,) one mouth ;
about > until
horse ' from
aqtftd
j'if;'
Lung rover.
Keep him well covered wifh M i . ^ T''*' ^°' " ^^^^d chill him. blister him around he eh It wi'th m"' T'^/^^ ^'' ^T.*^'^ ^^^^ weU him ao cold water. unle:sTh'e7e iS s^ri^^l S t^'^ "^^ '° «-
Rheumatic Liniment.
. weak back ^''"- ^' '^ good for spinal diseases «nd
.„ '^ Cuts and Wouad»lotAilii,idg.o;i'4fT^'^^^ '
■ .One pint of alcohol, half ounce of gum o#^mv«t" Wf "^'^ aloes, wash once a day. ^i" w myrrfc, half. oWMje
Sprains and Swellings. ,■'''
Take one and a half ounfces of hartshorn, one ounce canmhor ^wo
For Glanders.
_ Take oFbumt buck's horn a table spoonful, every three dav.. f .
Saddle or Collar Liniment.
One ounce of spirits of turpentine, half ounce of oil of snike half ounce essence wormwood, half ounce castile soap, half oTnce irum camphor, half ounce sulphuric ether, half pint alcohol, and wash
freely.
Liniment to Set the Stifle Joint on a Horse.
Qi,?if®-?"°t"^'^°^ "P^""®' ^"-^^ ounce origanum, half ounce oil amber
Eye Water.
J have, tried the following and found it an efficient remedy. I have tr ed u on dj). own eyes and those of others. Take bolus muna one
ounce, whiter' vitro! nnA ou««o „i,.~ i,..if uu "|«"»^one
voir. ™.„t i.'i 1 '". — "•*"<'V( ciuui nati uuiice, w'-" oue pint cieaif
Jain waters ' '* "^^^ ^'^°'^ "''^^S' ^^ ^°° «'^<>°^' ^"^^^'^ "^^^h
■?♦
82
Liniment for WindgaUs, Strains and Growth of Lumps
on Man or Horse.
One ounce oil spike, half ounce origanum, half ounce amber, •C[ua fortis and sal amoniac one drachm, spirits of salts one dracHw* oil of sassafras half ounco, hartshorn half ounce. Bathe once or twice a day.
Horse Powder.
This powder will cure more diseases than any other medicine known ; such as Distemper, Fersey, Hidebound, Colds, and all lin-
5ering diseases which may arise from impurity j{ the blood or lungs, 'ake one pound comfrey root, half pound 'antimony, half pound aulphur, three ounces of saltpetre, half pound laurel berries, half pound juniper berries, half pound angetice seed, half pound rosin, three ounces alum, half pound coppeias, half pound master wort, half pound gun powder. Mix all to a powder and give in the most eases, one table spoonful in mash feed once a day till cured. Keep the horse dry, and keep him from the cold water six hours after using it.
For Cnts or Wonnda on Horse or Man.
Take fishworms mashed up with old bacon oil, and tie on th« wound, which is the surest and safest cure.
Oil for Collars.
This oil will also cure bruises, sores, swellings, strains or galls; Take fishworms and put them in a crock or other vessel twenty-four hours, till they become clean ; then put them in a bottle and throw plenty of salt upon them, place them near a stove and they will turn
to oil ; rub the parts affected freely. I have cured knee-sprung horses
with this oil frequently.
Sore and Scummed Eyes on Horses.
Take fresh butter or rabbit's fat, honey, and the white of three
eggs, well stirred up with salt and black pepper ground to a fine pow-
.der; mix it well and apply to the eye with a feather. Also rub above
the eye (in the hollow,) with the salve. Wash freely with cold
spring water.
For a Bruised Eye.
Take rabbit's fat, and use as above directed. Bathe freely with fresh spring water. I haye cured many bloodshot eyes TritK ^his simple remedy. - cijo
>f Lnm|Mi
ice amber, ne drachin, le OQce iff
r medicine md all lin- d or lungs, balf pound trries, half Dund rosin, ister wort, Q the most ed. Keep ours after
ie on the
or gallsi renty-four ind throw
■will turn mg horses
of three fine pow- ub aboTe ivith cold
88 Poll-Evil or FiBtiila.
UrtLr^pJ^ffi^^n?''^ ^'" one ounce, gum euphorbium three drachms, Urtor emetic one ounce, rosin three ounces ; mix and pulverize and
for uZ^ w T ""''^ " ^f. P^""'^ °^ '^'^' ^^^^'^'^^ ev^ry th ee days W^K I'^' ' ^'T^ *^^ P*"« ^ff^^'^'i ^''^ 'a^'l every four days Wash with soap and water Lfore using the salve. In poU-evH if
rr£ J'"T»/^'f ^°^"' S'"^^' P"' "' ^^^^ ^^ ^^«l^ «^r as will lay ^n-ti • u "^''I® " recommended in outside callous, such as Bparin, nngbone, curbs, windgalls, etc., etc.
For the Fersey.
Take one quart of sassafras root bark, one quart burdock root spice wood broke fine, one pint rattle weed root. Boil in one and a half gallons of water ; scald bran ; when cool give it to ?he horse once a day for three or four days. Then bleed h!m in the neck and give him the horse powder as directed. In extreme cases I lul
reml'the'L'ir %i^^"^^^°^' ^° -tract'^rLTu k and
To make the Hair Orow on Man or Beast.
Take milk of sulphur half drachm, sugar of lead half drachm rose water half gill, mix and bathe well twice a day for ten days
Cholera or Diarrhoea Tincture.
One ounce of laudanum, one ounce of spirits of camphor, one
Zn^f T'% "^ ^'*''V ^f • °*^°^^ ^««^°«^ °^ pepperminrtwenTy drops of chloroform ; put all m a bottle, shake well, and take half teaspoonful m cold water once every six, twelve and twentyfour hours, according to the nature of the case.
Cure for the Heaves.
Give thirty grains of tartar emetic every week until- cured.
2ely Vith (vith this
THE SECRET
Of. .
SUBDUING WILD HORSES
iiro
OTHER WILD ANIMALS.
Th. p^ocea. of ^a»in|4^ve^^WUa Ho«., which w«
horny substance irrowintr on Hip tJ^ff /, ^ ^"^'^'^ ^ ""^a" the
a horL legs, beLTl;^Co tSrd\? : Vlete'"LP'''?.?f substance and nulvenVp if • rM,f « ii """y*^ 7' oetore. Dry thu
ti into his no2n 7 in a ferminZ, f^"'n '"'^ ^"'" " ^"'" ^^^ blow to follow you, or permit vrnTf^W?, •'' r °P^'**^' ^^^ «««se him Thus, witrper?ect^ea™ ^aU iiTd inH^ •''*' ^''-S^^', "P°° ^^« ^'^^k. *nd harmleis. ' ^ ^'''^ *"^ '^'"^"^ *°««»al become gentla
Process of cansing a Horse to lay down.
ally prevent him from putting ^hat foot to the^round L^^^ Tht
fasten astran amnnd the o— —:*- '-- ' ' ■ ^."""** agam, ihen
-^ na me o^i,v=xi,u icg, ana onng it orer his shoulder^
"«*»
ISES
', is infal- te animal him that m. The but thd
Ch WM
obtained lean the £ part of Dry thi» ind blow lUse him lis back, e gentlo
und the ing the g being effectu- Then oulder^
81
CD the left side, bo that you can catch hold of it ; then push these gently, and when he goes to fall, pull the strap, which will brlni? him on his knees.
Now commence patting him under the belly ; by continuing your gentle strokes upon the belly, you will, in a few mintttes, bring hitti W his knees behind. Continue the process, and he will lie entirely down, and submit himself wholly to your treatment. By thus pro- ceeding gently, you may handle his feet and legs in any way you
However wild and fractious a horse may be naturally, after prac- ticing this process a few times, you will find him perfectly gentle and submissive, and even disposed to follow you anywhere, and unwilling to leave you on any occasion.
Unless the horse be wild, the first treatment will bo all sufficient ; but should he be too fractious to be approached in a manner neces- sary to perform the first named operation, you must contrive to get the powder into his nostrils, this you will find eflFectual, and you may then train your horse to harness or anvthing else with the utmost ease.
^ In breaking horses for harness, after giving the powders, put the Jarness on gently, without startling him, and pat him gently, then fasten the chain to a log, which he will draw for an indefinite length of time. When you find him sufliciently gentle, place him to a wagon or other vehioJe.
NoTK.— -Be extremely careful in catching a horse, not to affright him. After he is caught, and the powders given, rub him gently on the head, neck, back and legs, and on each side of the eyes, the way the hair lies, but be very careful not to whip, for a young horse is equally passionate with yourself, and this pernicious practice has ruined many fine and valuable horses. When you are riding a colt (o r even an old horse,) do not whip him if he scares, but draw the bridle so that his eye may rest upon the object which has affrighted him/ and pat him upon the neck as you approkch it; by this means you will pacify him, and render him less liable to start in future.
Means of Learning a Horse to Pace.
Buckle a four pound weight around the ankles of his hind legs, (lead is preferable) ride your horse briskly with those weights upon his ankles, at the same time, twitching each rein of the bridle alter- nately, by this means you will immediatt;ly throw him into a pace. After you have trained him in this way to some extent, change your leaded weights for something lighter; leather padding, or something equal to it, will answer the purpose ; let him wear these light weights until he is perfectly trained. This process will make a smooth and easy pacer of any horse.
Horsemanship.
The rider should.
in the first T^lace. let thi not afraid of Lim. Before mounting e, horse, take the rein intothe
5R«v'TT viiKi: u-S &3
Z6
lenhand, draw it tightly, put the left foot; in the stirrup, and raiM quick y. When you are seated, press your J^nees to the saddl*, let your leg, from the knee, stand out ; turn your toe in and heel out ; Bit upright in your saddle, throw your weight forward— one third of It m the stirrups— and hold your rein tight. Should your horse scare, you are braced in your saddle, anJ he cannot throw you.
Indication of a Horse's Disposition.
A long thin neck indicates a good disposition, contrariwise, if it be short and thick. A broad forehead, high between the ears, indicates a reij vicious disposition.
Cures, &c.
Oure for the Founder. ^Let one and half gallons of blood from the neck T«in, make frequent applications of hot water to his forelegs' after which, bathe them in wet cloths, then give one quart of linsled oil. The horse will be ready for service the n«xt day.
Botta.—Mix one pint honey with one quart sweet milk, give as ft drench one hour after, dissolve one ounce pulverized coptras in » ?ffect°uar "'^ ^'J^ewise, then give one quart of linseed oil. Cure
(7oZic.~ After bleeding copiously in the mouth, take a half pound of raw cotton, wrap it around a coal of fire in such a wav as to exclude the air ; when it begins to smoke, hold it under the horse's nose until he becomes easy. Cure certain in ten minutes
Dt»temper.--T&ke one and a half gallons blood from the neck vein. Ihen give a dose of sassafras oil; one and a half ounces is sufficient Cure spe«dy and certain.
i^wjw^a.— When it makes its appearance, rowel both sides of the shoulder ; if it should break, take one ounce virdigris, one ounce on rosm, one ounce copperas, pulverize and mix together. Use it aft a salve.
Receipt for Bone Spavin or Ring-Bone.
Take a tablespoonful of corrosive sublimate; quicksilver about the size of a bean ; three or four drops of muriatic acid ; iodine about the size of a pea, and lard enough to form a paste ; grind the iodine and sublimate fine as flour, and put altogether in a cup, mix wdl then shear the hair all off the size you want ; wash clean^'wRh soap- suds rub dry then apply the medicine. Let it stay on five days;
i A Ti *'^' 5'"^' ^^^' ^' °ff' ^'^ it o^er with a little more lard, and add some fresh medicine. When the lump comes out, wash It clean m.soap-suds, then apply a poultice of cow-dung, leave it on twelve-hours, then applv healing medicine. ^
and raiM add]«, let heel out ; e ihird of }ur horse j^ou.
e, if it be indicates
from the forelegs; >f linseed
s;ive as a eras in a il. Curo
If pound ^ay as to e horse's
eck vein, uf&cient.
3s of the le ounce Use it as
sr about Qe about le iodine lix well, th soap- e days ; le more it, wash ve it on
4