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^ /APPLIED INA^GE Inc

— ^ Rochesler, Utm York 14609 j^jA

'.^S '■'16) *82 - OJOO - P'^o'^e

aas (""lei .^aa - 59B9 - fax

PREPARING FARM HORSES FOR

BV

&& \ft).

E. S. Au( iiiuAi.i., RA., U.S.A., Do

minion

'iiMf II ushandviLaJt

1' oft-rcpl
nut 'iiilv

K

it.v hut also

Too much stross (•aiinot l)o laid uixm tli
Iirnductioii of crops on every ('aiiadiau lann is
tlic iKitriwtic dut.v of every Canadian fanner

On,, of the most i.nportant requisites of increased production m*re en.plovnu.nt
. cheap and suftcn.„t -notne power. The hor.e hein^ the principal motive poue ,
.ie farm must m c ,nse.,nence perf.,rm mor<. work than ever l,..fore, and his pren.ra
f.on therefor,, at tins s,.ason is a most im,.,rtant suhjVt ' '

n,.rses can 1.^ mMlnfain,.d proritahly on th,. farm only if pro,l„,.inK' ..h.ap motiv,.
power or pro,]„,.,n- nLM-ketaM,. foals. Th,. ,.h,.a,,n..ss of hor'
Mirod l.v the work ,1o,h. In proportion to mon,.y inv,.st,,l an,l f,...d ..onsum^d

As a prodn..,.r of pow,^r th,. horse ,.oiMp,.t,.s with
should l)e rat,.d a,.,.,,rdinyly. As with th.. ,.nfrine
of ,.li,.ap p.wer production are snt}i<.ient wci.'ht
^v,.rk easily an.l, wlu.u n,...,.ssarv. ,.arrv a f;,ir ov,.r,oa,j tor „ s,„,.t .; ,|„„,if,. „f

to

laliour must b,. mi>a-

nec,.ssar,v, carr.v a tair
constru..tion ,-nsurin- ,lnrahility and a capacity to cmsum,
penerat,. all the p,.W(>r that is possible,. As also with tli,
of th,^ liorse for work will ensure the jtroduf.ti

farm ,.nf.'ines of all kinds, an,l
so with th,. hors,., thi. main reipiisites
aii,l str,.n-tli to pi'rform th,> rcfrular

v,'rload for a short ti ,

sutli,.i,.nt fn,.l (f,.,.,!)
iMiu-ine, th(. thori>Uf,'li tittinp
n of mor,> power at ]<.ss ,.ost.

I DEVELOPMENT OF HORSE-POWER.

. The power develop..,! by a hors,. of th.. rijrht ty,,.. is „,,.!.. up entir.^^- .,f ,1,.

cl the b,)<l,Y Th,. storage .,f en..r-y m th,. horse in this wav is tber,.for,. ■ulvis-d-l,. ■

.. rf.o n th eway of hors..-power from a poun.l .,f oats is 4l>.-, u.nts .,f pow..r, and fr..m

S ins n.. nvadable power, sin,-,, the , n..rjry ..„Mtain..d is l,.ss than the •,
1 1_ 1,. h,>rse to dip:,-st it. It ia clear, thor,.for,% that the
„^.m1 and it must b.. in a n^adily availabl,. form

For th.^ av,.ra^v ]..-,00-po„nd b„rsc at hanl st..a.ly w.,rk a ration of JO p,.unds .nts

^ S/: v:tv r 7''t "•""■' ^'•""* "'"^^ -^ ""^^■"■•- -•■-'> - ■.'"..*" ;i

^n. u a liors,. IS capabl,> of p.irformiiifr.

iiiDunt us.'d by
ie oners:^' must be ...mtain,..! in the

DOMINION EXPERIMENTAL FARMS.

J. H. GRISDALE, B.Agr.,

Director.

E. S. ARCHIBALD, B.A., B.S.A.,

Dominion Animal Husbandman.

1T10<!,.,

SPECIAL CIRCULAR No. 5.

2

The lioavy horse produeos the must jinwcr for feed (•onsunied when drawing a
loud at tlie rate of two and oiie-lialf mik:! per hour.

More hor^i w, heavier horses, liorses hetter prepared for work and fed for work will
iro tar toward inereasiiiff and eiieapeninf; jirodnetioii ]h'T aen or ])er ton nf crop. With
the sliortafre of farm help at tlie (ireseiit time, more and hetter imrses will enahle
fewer men, wlien u.-iiifj larfr.r and iietter farm implements, to maintain or even
inel'easu [iroduetion at a deereasiil eost.

FEEDING IN PREPARATION FOR HARD WORK.

Rest and fat are aiwa.vs tiie ^'reatot enemies of thr hors ■. Teedinfr in pr(-para-
ti"n for heav.v sunnner work after an idle winter re'inirc- eare and skill. Horses fat-
t ned durinf.' thi' winter aii' in poorer iMndition fir l;:iid smnnur wi>rk than liorscs
lent on a |jni)d maintenanei' ration. Tlie snft hurse witiistands iu'avy laiiour ami llii'
I'eat of .sununer very poorly.

Tla' preparation of all horses for sununer work should eonuiien<-e at onee. Horses
" iiii'li are .v.t ( -1 a maintenanec ration r.f roufih feeds siioidd now receive a medium
:.'raiu ration and hi'tter (juality routrliatre ( preferalil.v timotli.v) in inereasiiifr (juantities
until up to a full wm-kinfi ration at the eonnneneement of the hard si)rinjr work. liy
the middle of March the horsi- should he on regular li;^iit work or at least rcfrnlar
exercise and a frrain ration of fr.^in T) to 12 i)'iu:ids daily, divided into three feeds.
\t tile coinmencement of the heavy s|)rinfr work he should receive from 1 lo 1| i)o\imls
I f trraiu jicr ll"t jiounds nf live weif'hf. I'or example, a l.."O0-p',und horse sluudd at
tli.it t;m<' receive from l-"' t > 10 pounds of ,'rrain and l'> jhiunds of hay dail.v. The hest
method of feedinu: is as follows: —

."> a.m. 0 iiuunds jrraiii mi.xture, ."> jiounds ha.y.
1:.! a.m. 0 ])ouiids ^T.iin mi.xture, •"i pounds hay.
• ') p.m. 4 iiounds irrain mi.xture, "> jionnds hay.

When the horses are idle f"r a day or so onl.v, reduce the frrain one-half.

licf-Mdarity in feedinsf and uniformity of feeds, hoth as to quantity and quality,
are essential. Civain ini\rures. sncii ;s oats ."> jiarts, hian 1 part: or oats 3 parts and
harley 1 part will he found satisfactory.

One or more feeds of warm inaslies per week are essential to prepare or maintain
a workinjr horse. A bran mi-'i re- l-einii tlie Saturday niuhf irrain is excellent. This
inifrht he replaced h.v li-iilicl hirh-y or otlier trraius mixe<l witii hrau, and fed warm.
If desired, saltiM'tre may he added as a hlooil tonic, and molasst-s as an extra la.xative
and ajmetizer.

Salt in the rook firm shoidd he in the horse mamrer at all times.

WATERING THE HORSES.

Water should always he jriven freely provideil it is jrivi n fnipiently. E.xperience
h:is jiroveti that horses slmuld he at liliTty t > drink hotli liefore and after feediuir, liut
the larpor suppl.v should he jirevious i< feeditip.

4

w
ii

ti
o

III
m
i!

til

<ln

CHANGES IN FEEDS.

All ehanpes in feed and work must he made irradually. Tf not, there is daiifrer
of eolle, lymphanji-itis, and similar deranp>ments. (iradual ehantrcs not only liuild U]
th( muscles and »>nerjry of the hm-si' hut Rradunlly streiifrthen the diirestion in iirepara-
tion for the heavy strain on these orpnns during the heav.v work.

CLIPPING AND GHOOMING.

Clipping' tho hor.se in tlu- .pH,,^ wl„.„ slichlintr ,•„,„..„.■,<•,.« will sav.. ,„u..|, ,11..
.•,.nt„rt to t!u. Imrs.. and ,uwh f.v.l, an,| nm.v al-„ pivvrnt uv.rlu.atin^^ w„h ,v.ult „',t
.ra Is .•Ml..', vu: horouf.!, f.r„„nnM^- .Inrin:.' tl,,. hravy w..,-kinf< .....sou will s„v.. f,...,l
and will laci-cuoc tliu liualtli, viiroiir, nud p.,wi.'r cf tlic liorsf.

HARNESS AND SHOULDERS.

Many i,..rs,>s. .^,,,.,.ia]iv yu,,,;. l,„rs,.s a>v t.-.,ul.l,.d with >,„■,• should..,-, in <p,-in.'
I III' pi-cparati..;! ,,f hariio. and !;.<■ tiitj,,;.- ,.( .h..nld,.i-s wi"

1 J ,1 , .. , ,, . - .wn I'l I V iiii ( II i> n< nihil'

( ...an tl... h.na.s>. ht ;1„. .-..llar ,,rop..,.ly, ,,nd pay parti-nla,- aft,.nti„n to .-l.-anin.'
.■olar pa.ls aM.l ,,,,u,uh:ar t ..n, .n,.,-,!. A ..a-vfui .laily wa-hi..^ , f .|,„„U.,.s and
w.th.n-- w,tl, ,. Id w::r,.,. .„•, l„.,t,.r, ...Id .alt wat,.,-, will ,.l,.an>,. a::.l , .n.da.n tl„> .kin
,n pr,,,arat,o,, lor th,. s,.v,.n. .-..l „f wann w..atl,..r. T... „,„,,;,„ ,,„.„,.i ,„. ,.,.„.

CARING FOR THE TEETH.

Ow.nfr to s mrp ,-orn,.,N an.l nn..v..nn,.ss of tl,.. .n.da,-.. ,nany l,.,rs..s fail t.. prop,.,.lv

.nast„.at,. an.l .„..st th,.,,- f 1. U:..r a ,. 1 v,.t,.,-i..,anan ,„■ othor ...xp, ,.i,.n,.,.!n ',,.', '^

man ...v„n„,.. tl„. ,„,,,„,. ..a,...f„lly an.l til,. ,n- ■• lloat - ,!„. t.vth into nonnal ..on-liti,.,,
i.v S.I do,uf,'-, niin-h turil an.l lioi-sc i.ner^ry will 1,,. saved.

CARING FOR FEET.

lip
1

Mu-h valuable i.ne and h.,rs.> labour is lost annually by ..an.lessn.^ss in attondinf
'. the rininmiK and shoeing- .,1 tli.. r,...t ..f the hors... Wh. n th.. I,.,rs.. remains unsh.i

tln..,u.ho,,t th..,.ntire.v,.ar. .-aro n.us tak..,, to k,...p the wvarin^r surfa-.s Miiooth and

M.'ii. Wn.-n sli.u.n,.;- is n..,..-sary. parfii-nlar att,.ntion must he pai.l t,. the fr...,ii,.n.v

r!v.-fn..ss ,,t trininiini.- an.l -h....in.4-. I,npn.,ier ...-ire of th.. f,...t is ]■„ l^

.lonsihl.. t ,r niu..h tins.,un.lii,.ss aii.l ,dso f,,r nni.-h Mrture to the hors.., witl^tli..
.Miltuif? loss ot power.

PARASITES.

L.xternal an.l ,nt.>rnal i.arasit.s, s,i..li as li..,. an.l worms, inav ,^ause the loss „f o-
t ;.(l p.-r ..ent ot t,.:.,l and liors,.-pow,.r. Ui.l th,. anin.als ami ;tal,h.s of these p.-st'
A tew ..heap window ami ,loor s..r..eus will ,1,, ,nu..|i t., frnv e.mdort to th.. hors,.' n.'.t
•^^|y u. the keepinj, out of tlies hut also in the pr..vidi.i^ of ^ood stable ventilation
.iiiniiir tlie summer months.

Published by direction of Hon MARTIN BURRELL, Mir :.ter of Agric^^i^tta^Oru!