0 ^f^^. V^J', v. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TAROET (MT-3) ^ 5^ <' .4^ A^V %^- « 1 1.0 11.25 lit u Itt 12b I2j0 1.8 LI 11.6 150mm ->?' /> /APPLIED INA^GE . Ine 1653 Ea«t Mam StrMt ^ nochMltr. NY 14009 USA — Ption«: 718/4820300 Fax: 718/208-5888 e IMS. Ahum knag*, mc. M mghti RmwvwI ^ ♦'^, ^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^v ^(p^ ^ ^ <;- CIHM Microfiche Series (■Monographs) ICMH Coliection de microfiches (monographies) Canadian Instituta for Historical Mieroraproduetiona / institut Canadian da microraprodtictions Matoriquaa Tha ImniHM hai tntm^tad to okttin tlw kwt wiftMl OTI^V ■VWMW *V* VinfiWI^ FVnWW VI Will ^m^Y ^VMWI 0Colottr«tf eovort/ CowwfUifft ^ ooMltMr n Ce««r( CoHvtmtrt □ Covari fMtotti Mid/er lamiMM/ CoMvaniKt rastMirto at/oM paMteiilte n 0 0 n CoMT titto miMinfl/ L« titrt tft eo«i«artur« Coleurad map*/ CmIm ftofraphiquM an aeulaur Coloufad ink (i.a. otitar ttian Wua or Waah)/ Encra da eoytavr (i.a. autra qua Waua eu noira) Colowrad platai and/or iiluftratiom/ nanehat at/oai. taehatta* eu piqufat HShowthroufh/ Traniparanaa □ Quality of print variat/ Qualiti iniqala da I'impratiion □ Continuous pafination/ Paflination continua □ Includas indaxlas)/ Comprand un (das) indax Titia on haadar takan from:/ La titra da I'an-tlta proviant: j I TitIa paqa of issua/ Pafla da titra da la livraison Caption of issua/ Titra da depart da la livraison Masthaad/ Giniriqua (piriodiquas) da la livraison 10X D 14X 18X 22X 26X XX J J i 12X 1CX 20X 24X 28X 32 X J Tlw eopv fMfiMd hf hat bMn r«produc«d thanks to ttia gawfoalty of; National Library of CaiMda L'axamplaira film« fut raproduit griea A la e4n4ro«lt« da: BIbllothiqua nationala du Canada Tha imaflaa appaaring hora ara tha baat qualltv poaalbia eonsidarins tha condition and iagibilitv of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha filming contract spacifications. Original copiaa in printad papar oovort ara flimad baginning with tha front oovar and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illustratad Impras- sk>n. or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar original capias ara flimad baginning on tha first paga with a printad or illustratad impras- sion. and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illustratad imprasston. Tha last racordad frama on aach microficha shall contain tha symbol -^- (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha symbol ▼ (moaning "END"), whichavar applias. Maps, platas. charts, ate. may ba flimad at diffarant reduction ratios. Thosa too larga to ba antiraly includad in ona axposura ara flimad baginning In tha uppar iaft hand cornar, laft to right and top to bottom, as many framas as raquirad. Tha following diagrams illustrata tha mathod: Laa imagas suivsntas ont «t« raproduitas avac la plus grand soin. compta tanu da ia condition at da la nattat* da i'axamplaira film*, at an conformity avac las conditions du contrat da filmaga. Laa axamplairas originsux dont la couvartura an paplar ast Imprim4a sont film«s an comman^nt par la pramiar plat at an tarmlnant soit par la darniAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'imprassion ou d'lllustrstlon. soit par la sacond plat, salon la cas. Tous las autras axampiairaa originaux sont fiimis on commandant par ia praml4ra paga qui comports una amprainta d'imprassion ou d'illustrstion at an tarmlnant par la darni4ra paga qui comporto una talla amprainta. Un das symbolas suivants apparattra sur la darni*ra imaga da chaqua microfiche, salon lo cas: la symbola — »• signifia "A 8UIVRE". la symbols Y signifia "FIN". Las cartas, planchas, tabiaaux. ate. pauvont itra fiimte * das taux da rMuction diff«rsnts. Lorsqua la document ast trop grand pour itra raproduit an un saul ciich*. II ast film* i partir da I'angia sup«riaur gaucha, da gaucha * droita, at da haut an bas, an prsnant la nombra d'imagas nicassaira. Las diagrammas suivants illustrant ia mithoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ra& CANADIAN I(An(»^BURE(A[J OFBK^^DING MOtiCTRjaAI/ illiorougii&cd Crap» sen PmHithHl h THE CANADIAN NATIONAL BUREAU OF BREEDING. LIMITED MONTREAL DEVOTED TO KING HORSE AND HIS COURT IN CANADA 1 1 1 « Content! in thit Number iLUNTRArioN— "Valjkan" a MONARCHH AND ThOROI UIIBRKDM g Fat HoRtiKii ^ Thk Ri -reau and War ^ Size in Thoroi uhbredh 21 25 20 92 Ilustration— " Athel" THOROrtiHBREO Bu^OD THE HksT Bt'REAi Work The Story of Oiseai- 32 National Bireau Stallions jjq Riles and Rf.gilations 3,^ edited bv JOHN F. RYAN THE CANADIAN NATIONAL BUREAU OF ' ^^ %' > BREEDING. UMITED Hm4 OffiM . . QUEUrS HOTIL ■UILOINO i. ^) ^ MONTUAL ■OAKD OP DIIUtCTOKS M,\j«.« <;, \V. Sr^fiiKKH, M.IMV, Moiiirrul. Ck^rmmm, Ghnknal Sim J(«iin Iri-mii, |im|H>«ior ItimtmI o» Hi*- Porct-K, \V«r iMHiH-. I.xikIhii, KiiKt'ttitl I W, \V. Ill BHARli, S«>i-rflMry of AKrii-ullurv, Iri-tUriiion. N.B. i (.\iu«kkl Aniimkad, ^tirlk-i' i Ai.i.kn HtntWKtt, V?u.'Ihv; Hon-. Ci.iKrt>Rii Si* rox, Oiihw.ii Sknuor Kiiw\iii>s l)«. U. K. WnwrKB, A. /.. I'AiMm. OiirtwuiSKixATUR Kohkrt Bkith, l«OH 111.1 IIV ill." ; I.IKIT.-Ci'l.. ROHOII'IIK Fom.Kf. M.l»., Andrkw S»u:\RKR, M r.u.. D. Rav»h)KI., J. T. R. Lai rkm>kai . John P. Kvaw, I . L. llkR\>:v, t OM>!iiiii. J. J R11.KV. Monlr.Hl; H. W. C»h>k, MoirUbuiK, A. K. nVMKNT. II. J. |». tMH»|l, ToroillO i HxRON IIK la RlK IM tAM, Sif. Kost' ilii l.rn-, Mitiiiioh:ii M. J. DHnikn, Kcnlrew, Oiii. i CicoRtiK C'AHMi rilKM>, W iiiiiipi-^ i II, C. I.\\ViH»N. StvrolH'y BtmnI of TrHilf, Ki-Kiiiii, Sa*k. i i>.»u»RNK Hhown-, Culnary, AllwrtM j Major S. llAMKI'i. N'illKtUIWI, U.C. E««C«tiv« CoRMrftlM Rtt|HM.I>IIK KcKtiKT, M.I'. .\. K. DVMKNT l>. K\V.Ml>MI .X.SDRKW SliKARKR J. F. RvAN rniiNiiivr — D. Kavwomi, S.vroiary and GoiutrI M«ii«K«r, J. K. RvAM Pr»viacl«l S«cr«tar{M M>VA SCOTIA .NKAURINSWU K - W. W \}l KULV . . . . ONTARIO .... MANITOBA - SASKATCIIKWAN . AI.HKRTA . HUITISII COI.l MBIA Frank J. Robinnon, HalirMn lliBHARii, Frpilrrii-loii, N.B. A1.LKN BiMWELL, Quebec H. J. r. CiKtD, Torotilo ClORCK C'ARRt THKRM, Winnipeg II. C. Lawm>n, Retina OsHORNB Brown, C«l|rMry Major S. Harrih, Vmicouvlt R«prM«nUtiTM in Ik* United SUtoa Jons UoiiEN, New York T. K. LvM H, Hamilton, F'ort Erie and WinUsor Solk-iturs — Elliott & David, Montreal Montreal, June 1st, UUl National Bureau Stallion "Valjean** WIbbw af •luM>»Uaakly Oaatval Gaaada Tmlv »aa ant prUa Ottawa Wlatcv Fair. By Otors* KauUr by talvatar (keldar of tke wwld'a raaavd far a aaia) dam Mlaay by MUlathiaa. Daaatad by ■. C. HlMrath. Placed with P. Olark, Hall. P.Q. tN* ar. i.«w«iK-a num. limit«i« raiMTMa, ihmitiiial Thr CANu>i.«k Natim^m Hiaiu >.» Hrkmh^.^ I mi til*. The Canadian National Bureau of Breeding, Monaroht and Thoroughbreds A akuH kMliwaml bUsm ky «k« UltM •# ■!■■ Mmr— wkick skavs tlwt fMSi «k« tlM« vf ■!■« J*ka, BasUak klasa m4 ««mm •ItfMl ik» lBn whidi that tonnlry rrprrscnt'*, one hasi to go Itrhiiid thr Knglisli Stml n.M-k, ilsrif oxer two hundred years old and there you find the monarch* of centuries ago fostering the progrtutorH of the thoroughbred of to-day. And It IS worthy of note that the best kings of Eng- land from King John to King George V, hel|)ed the in- dustry, while the few sovereigns who did not aid in the work are those who in part at least failed to cndfar themselves to the English |)eopie. The close student of the horse and his admirers, at the present time, will not fail to see the reasfin for this, for a man in whatever walk of life he may hf, who loves ;• good horse, invari- ably has a character which causes his neighbors to like hira and who taken all in all is of the kind which makes for the brotherhrxjd of man. King John was a firm believer in the benefits to be derived from the introduction of Eastern blood into the industry of England. He, in fact, founded a stud at Eltham and the almost everlasting effects of the introduction of such blood is proven by the fart thnt .it TNk C«ll.«l>l,«ll NAflUHAI. HlBKU IIV |t«»KIMMn. l.ltllTRII. Kllhuni unci \MMiily liirrr imi yrt lir «miV,Mrn n( iIim work i>f KiiiK j<»liM ^ Ami rvrii in iIm** tl»y% ilir work wm% ho r.ity mw Awwilitiit* wrrr iiol a% |»lnilifiil .ih 4I |»rrv>iil, liitt w.ir* wrrr M»«>fr I'otiiiiioii .iiid llirii .i«» now, w»r ilrMroyrd many \ti>rme% I- iirlitrriiiorr mi lho«f ilay* iIip Ik'M rhurger* wrrr Mallionit .mil wlirti idiiliiml or <|r»lroycii llir iniury wrf% grr^it iiidifd lo ilir lircYtling iiitluMry. During tlw VV.ir» of tlir Ki>m>h, KiikI.uk Hi' foliownl iIik up hy rrrM.ibh^liing llir Kllli.iui Sluil .mil .ilv. founilril new MufU .It ILiniplon Courl and WiiiiUor. Mu Mi|ier- inlrndrnt wan gi\rii the iiili- "KcriH-r i.l llii> Harttary llorM**,' and he must have lirrn a krrn »tudrni of brwd- ing, tor tw vnt all llir way lo Italy .mil limuglil li.iik Knglinli liortCH wiiii'li liad lirrn lapliirrd 111 (In- war«k, lo iri»>» ♦.villi iir«% onc^ Iron llw I^ihI. I h • M.irf|ui-% of Maiiln.i had oin parliMil.irly K<<>d "lallioii whirh hr »ol'l to Knglaiid fi>r Ihr weight of llw lio,- r in Mlvcr. yu.Tii Kli/.al>rlli was our mI t|i ' hh.s' f.iiiirlory lh.it (Itii e inonardis v. '11 hel|>?d the horsr industry \.er.' ,\U>> King-, and (^hieeiis vNii.i clid other gre.it work for I'^ngland, while those who neglected the breeding 'arms, were inclined to be care- less in I ther ways. Th* hUtcry mt tk« w«rU U tk« atoir •* tk« Wlldlac ap 4ad yvlUas «*wb •{ laitttvtlaaa •»« Miti»as. Tk« tk»r*«BkfcM4 k*vM lu» alwaja kMa •» tka wimkt sia* af T». l'««UM«« XAfMlllM ItlBHtl ■•» HaHIIIHNil. I.IWIfRII. •Ma vlMMl tMil*«. ■• to • pfl«tfM« •« Ik* WIMm* m4 •• Ma. ' •^^ During ihr mgii of King jiimp% I. raring ^»r^me Ihr grrutrvl of »|H*rt« ni l.ngl.tiiil .mti to iIm, .l^y h I* rrgrfrtirii js ilir only niirfllihlr IrM ..( Ilir l)H»ri»i4gh- bred li..rM«. Utr lilimi iiiHiiir ,.f liir wninmg |x>«l being Its JtcM rr(iMiiiurtiii it v».is iluring t'lr rrign of Juiiie, I i(i.il MiitiK liiH..tii .1 iMi»< I iM^,i„i,„n ,„ .StoiKiiiil .iimI It wi,, .,1^, ,|„„„j{ ifH. 1,1,. „f ilMsnionarih ihiH tlir Nhirkh.iiii Ar.iln.iii w.ih itii|H>rlrit During llir rriKii ..I ( li.irlr^ | llir Diikr of Hii. king- ham hroiighl HI llir Hrl.iisl.y I iirk. wIm .illrrw.ird* turi»r. i| x,rr .,im| \Uv iiithiolry v>a% biNMn- ing wlirn thr w.i'<* vvlmli t .niir IhI ,rr llir ( oninioimciltb niiul- Krr.it inriMils .iiiil .iIhk >l wrrrknl thr fA'lioIr Mruc- lurr llir thoursi m.n.^ .iimi iI,,- Ik^sI hLiIIioiis wrre niicrifitril, l.r tlini ,. i now, thr thorr.iighbrrd nr\rr faltrrr.1 m thr fur oi il.inKrr TImI unHiiu liiti]; l>h.od wu<» (-' >niiiiriiniig i,> tj-||. When thr r.-%tor.itioii w.i, lirought .iIkum, ( harlei II nt.irtrtl III to rrhahilitatr tlir h<>r«ir-l»rreiling indus- try. I licrr wrrr vmir >;. ml ^i.illion . jcft, ho Iw sent nien U> Arabia .i|iosHil.lr niraiis, and it was during their rrign that the Byrrlry Turk was ini|M.rtrd. Ihis horse was owned by Captain Byerlry and was usrd by him as a charger in t»K- Irish rampaign. He afterwards Jieianie one <.f the most faiious horsTH in thr whoir world. Ouerii Amic w.is fro-ii first to ji^t a r.K inj? monarch and a short time aflrr shr was rrownr I, the Darlev Arabian liecaiiir fa.i..,. . II, \v.., Ibr second of the thre? pillars of thr KiikIisIi .Stud Hook, thr first l)eing the Bycrlcy Turk. DiirniK ijwvn Anne's rrign, t»A'enty- |7| _^ Thi Canadian National Buibau or Brkkding, Limitko. three stallions in all were brought from the East to England and on her command the breeding of good horses was commenced on scientific principles. She not only sent men to the East, but she searched Europe for Eastern sires. It was during her reign that the third great horse of history was secured. This was the world- famous Godolphin Arabian, bought in Paris in 1728. When this horse died m 1753. men came for hundreds of miles to attend his funeral and a chronicler of the time says that a favorite cat sat discs msolately on the horse's grave. King George 1 did not become very much interested in the horse breeding industry, but the Duke of Cum- berland, a son of his successor was the founder of the famous Ascot race course He also established studs at Cumberland and on the Isle of Dogs where it is said Eclipse was foaled. This brings us up to the establishment of the English Stud Book in which authentic record has been kept of thoroughbreds since the eighteenth century. And why all this trouble and perseverance, since so remote a time? Because even in those early days a thoroughbred was conceded to be the most valuable horse in the world. And why this value? Because he is the only horse which improves all breeds. RaslBter jaur bvrea« feala. Tke Nktlowil B«r««« wUl Mmd you appUestlea blaxlw. 181 The Canadian National Bureau or Breeding. Limited. "f i Fflt Hortei TUa aM* artiaU ••»•■ fna ike p«a of Bsrea d« U B«« te Oaa, af »U. Bom d« La«, lUaitobs, m*A MVBds • tIaUy act* of woralac to Ooaadlom tmrmmra rad broodon. **• ■•»•« i» o«o of tko boot bToodlac osporta la tbo world, •Bd wu oa tbo rroaob Ooaoral «ta> for SS yoan. Thovo !• OTor m ooatary of ooaUy oxyoriaioat, by oao of tbo world's aoRt prosroaolro aattoao boblad wbat bo rotr. For about three years, the Canadian National Bureau of Breeding has given to the task of transforming the horse in Canada, a zeal and a devotion which the coun- try will recognize before long and which history will mention m its annals as a great development of pros- perity. ^ Totally absorbed by questions of interior organiza- tion, the Government of this immense country could not 8pare-the time to consider the work of similar organiza- tions from which old and centralized countries have drawn great benefit. But now, it looks to me that the time has come, when Canada has to direct this new work, relying on prin- ciples of political economy and of modern science. The interest of the Government has already been shown in creating modern and model farms; but if we look into details and especially study horse breeding, we must agree that very much has to be done. Let us hope that the Breeding Bureau's initiative will mark a new era. A careful study of this new branch of production shows that the transformation is imperative and that our common aim will be attained, if we give to the breeding industry a similar impulse as that given by old countries. Is it not elementary that younger nations should bcM-row from the older, what a long, hard and costly study has taught ? Many residents of our new provinces have emigrated from different countries with very few notions on HoTor pat a tboroa«bbrod otallloa la a otaadla* RtolL 19J TiiK Canadian National Hikkai- of IIrk Kill Mi. tlMITKU. agriculture and breeding, and «,iic is aslonislicd liy the false ideas which have taken rr )t with these farmers; ideas contrary to modern knowledge and opposed to their own interests. Would it not l)e practii il and wise to destroy these ideas before they take dec])CT root. Wrong Opinions Having decided to treat the <|ucstion ot breeding, I must consider and exfioso the opinions which I have heard around me. I will strive after that to show their antagonism with science ;ind cx|)erience. In closing this report I will give a sliort story of what has been done elsewhere. How easily will I conclude then, that the movement created by the Breeding Bureau is worthy of official encouragement, and that by helping its efforts the Government will greatly help the farmer and the breeder, that is to say will add to this country's pros- perity. H I talk of a team of horses to a farmer, his first question is. "What is the weight ?" U one intends to register a horse in a show or ex- hibition his first care is to fatten his exhibit. And more, I have heard that the fat horse is tiie only one in favor at the fairs, especially Agricultural College fairs. These are nt»w ideas to me, having always pre- ferred for saddling and traction the hors- in working condition, that is to s;iy, strong, full of energy and of solid health. I wonder what valor fat can give to the horse and esjiecially to a stallion. My conviction is that fat is a very bad quality for a horse, otherwise a defect that we must destroy immediately. Let us admit as i)rovcii that fat is always well re- warded in horse shows or exhibitions; that horses prepar- ed for exhibitions are judged according to their fatness and we will understand why farmers and breeders fre- quently weigh their horses; why the only exercise is walking at a very slow pace for fear of losing fat and why a special system of feeding which aids fatness is cherished .' F—A the eolt mnd tk* hone will take eare of kimself. [10] TiiK Cax.mman Vatii.xai. Bihkm- <»k IUkkdimi. Lim TK.n. Ihesc practices are uncxplainable, when every dax shows that a horse so fattened, loses all its weight at the first strain of agricultural work, and that a well fed and trained horse will reduce him to submission in a few hours. What is harder to admit is that stallions are so pre- pared for the service season. t Qualities Required What are the qualities of a traction horse? A solid bony skeleton, foriiiefl by tonical feeding and rationaj work. What constitutes the strength of a horse.' Solid muscles, energetically contracting themselves to work upon the levers and hard tendons to work in accord with the muscles and transmit the action. A muscle to con- tract itself strongly, needs very resistant fibres and not those composed of flabby flesh. Furthermore, biology shows that a powerful siinguineous afflux and a well developed nervous system also add s^jmething to this energy. If besides this rich blood, these muscles, that bony frame, these |)owerful nerves, the horse possess a strong breast, it will be a hard worker. I will certainly be answered that a draught horse will be aided by weight, because on leaning on its collar, the effort of drawing is greatly lessened and there is no doubt about this, but this weight that the horse uses to so much advantage in displacing its centre of gravity, must not be given by fat. This dull matter is tiring to bear, disturbing to all the organs and disapi)car5 at the first working effort. There we find the monstrous error. The hors^e must be healthy and the useful draught weight must reside m the straight producing elements and not in those which disturb all its physiologic funrtinns The u-rfnl weight resides in the bones, the hard muscles am. rde blood. A horse fattened in the wrong way for ex- hibitions, becomes a s'ny frame in that kmg of i,«cx) jiounds. and never- thcless he was a blue ribbon s,jcc.inen ? Ihe illustrious dead owed all his glory to his fattened tissues. Fat and Breeding Now what about a fattened stallion's service ? What value d<«s the stallion draw from fat ^ When will this disastrous condition disappear? Here is a fine stallion; it has the weight and fat. To thoroughly understand the injurious system of fattening a stalfi.Hi one must first study briefly the principal fuiutions of eliminatKin and that fat burning: work is absolutely necessary to maintain equilibrium in all organic action Ihe health, the strength, the reproductive energy, and all other qualities derived from atavism and here- dity need constant work Without this, the secretions and all other poisonous products will not be eliminated. Urea and uric acid will poison the bl(X)d; perspiration will not eliminate the toxic matters. Breathing is in- active and unreproducing to the blood. All its flesh may be called "fat," all the cells are then adipose. Ihe germ, the omentum and the intestines' tissues; the protoplasma, this composite of albumenoid matters and seat of all nut-tive exchanges; of phenomenons that mark birth a: >lution has its action embarrassed, finally, in ta.. .iing a horse, one only has a stable animal with a panting breath, and curiously all the credit given to him must be accounted for by his fat and his weight. A stallion extremely fat can give nothing else than its feebleness to its products, if it has any. I say if it has any, because in order to impreg- nate the ovary the spermatozoid must be active and vital; qualities that are only to be found in ;i h-nrsc full of rich blood and gifted by a powerful nervous system The Big Breeds . But I really think that this case is alrendy jud^jed, and I will say now a few words about the big breeds con- sidering as admitted that all their prodnrts h-ue been Lost MotioB aflieta some mm Md all Haekaeys. [12] _ The Canadian National Buhial- or Bkkki.is.;. Limited. • t logiailly and energetically cared f„r. cntrary to those which have been tattened h.i.cc tlir l.rsi d.,y ,.f thcr l.irth. 1 will set forth as a principle, that enco.iraK'fmeiit guen to a general and exclusive brcedme <.f Ik.u v h<.rses would Ix? equivalent to sowing ern.r in ..ur coun- try and comproniise forever the rational system of tlio liorsc hrceding industry. the Clydesdales and the l>erchcrons. Ihcuisc w.- hnd Z"i '»"'^'<=-*«'K»" specimens amongst the former and m?„. f [• '"■*' ""'^ «^*^^ ^•"' *^'*^ ^"^'^y l.es fo.Tnd in the middle-weight ha I -bred; this quick and alert horse, excellent at the plough, fast on the road and economical to feed. I will say so.i.ething about this horse later on. And one must understand that all larmers cannot own Percherons and Clydesdales To attain this goal they would have to be possessors of mares and these do not exist on the home market and arc very costly to import So we mustn't hope to breed the above mentioned horses with our native mares, because the neavy races are very poor improvers. To breed them intensively with our mares would result in creating an unsalable specimen; in killing all hope of organizing a Canadian horse market; in chasing the ex- porter from our shores and in eliminating from our national programme that of helping to solve the Can- adian or English remount problems. In acting so wrongly the breeders' and the farmers' hopes would be destroyed. The latter would suflfer the most because he has to rely on mixed farming, otherwise to create a mixed and »well fed herd just as productive as wheat, to attain that independence which crowns a laborious life. Mixed Herds Now, in this herd, a farmer must have a few s;ilable *'''?. uu^'^P^'^^^'^" ^"*^ ^h'^ '■esult cannot be gained with the big races only, not in this country and nowhere Any mmn who iias «p m yovac fo»l bjr ike head shovld be pUe«d la th« stoeka UmmU. [13] TirK Canaiman Xatiunal Bukbau of Brkedino, Uiuitbd. else. I understand that a fc*v fanners breed heavy races at a costly price after assuring themselves of a mar- V ! I "'*'** "^ ""•■ "K"^"l«"«-''l fx)pulati.)n ought to breed the mares with th.iroughbrcds to ( rcate improved halfbreds. capable of any kind of work. Our horse-family must be made of halfbreds result- ing from tlie improvement of the existing races. There IS tlie truth, and that is what every progressive country has been striving to attain for a century. This transformation will give us quicker and stronger draught horses, amongst whom by a careful selection aided by ratKmal feeding and work, we will easily find later on those improvers that will make of Canada the horse market of the world. .u 'r''«,^'"*;;oduction into Canada t.f the English thoroughbred followed pretty soon by that of the half- bred will attain this result. This country will owe to the Canadian Bureau of Breeding and to the (Jovern- mer sup,)orting it, the transformation of our breeding industry and the creation of a new outlet to this coun- try s production. The Thoroughbred Gross What are t\^ principal results of the thoroughbred introduction? Western Canada and the old provinces likewise, have possessed, so far, a horse-family without any breeds. We see a composite of all races, because the poorly blooded mares, emaciated by hard winters and bad fodder have been crossed indiscriminately with all kinds of stallions just as poorly bred as themselves, though in some cases, provided with pedigrees that attest their richly endowed genealogy. A study of what has been done for centuries in other countries for breeding improvement shows that all degenerate races have been regenerated by the English thoroughbred created in the eighteenth century. We all know that it is the only regenerator, or at least that none can stand the comparison with it Races like curs are lackmg in everything, and the English thorough- bred IS the only one to infuse the following qualities • Don't iM afraid of maliclit In th* atablos. Dirt and darkaoas aro twin foals. 1141 Tub Cakawan National Buiiau or Biiboino. Limitbd. 'i t k elegance, strength, energy and quicknes». courage and early maturity. But somebody w.ll add that I forget the weight 1 admit this conditionally, that i» that fat must he excluded though weight is easily given to a great number of products by mares rx^sMssing well develoiHjd ,«lv,c girdles, by exercise and rational feed- ng I may add that the choice stallions now offered by the Canadian Bureau of Breeding mated with our mares, can produce all the remounts necessary for Britain and Canada; I i^ht draught horses which will sell well if well advertised and draft horses of a sufficient weight to suit the farmer in his agricultural needs. This should satisfy all the farmers without stopping those who think to the contrary, from buying Clydes- dales and Percherons-and installing big fwd bins. The national horse will be created by the halfbred when our native horses will have received the necessary Superiority of the Blood To understand the blood's superiority, one must learn that It nourishes all the cells, that the strength of the horse is in a direct ratio to the power of muscular con- traction and that nervous and sanguineous affluxes are the great factors of this same strength. We must know that strength is handed down by heredity and atavism and that exercise and feedini? can easily develop it. A rich pedigree usually guarantees the value of the sire because no race can be compared to the thoroughbred who has been submitted to the hardest tests during many centuries and whose stallions are chosen amongst the best of the race tracks after a long training which has eliminated all the paupers, ♦k ° u' I*'"'""s ^^^ totally ignorant of all these facts, though these principles are considered as unquestionable abroad and have induced nearly all the world's pro- gressive countries to use the thoroughbred as an im- prover of races, a creator of families and as a sure pre- servative against their return to degeneracy ■oat* m«a taUd • flma kox ateU for m kon* aad tliam «• «p tk« poor aalatal .• tli«t k« M«aet walk aMud. [16] _ Tilt Camauian Xatiomal Buiibau or Brhoino, Umitrb. H«avy Br««d InproY«d Even ttw ficavy races have their uiu.rovrr mil their m".T.h IM'"*" p";^ '•"""• ""^ •» '" "' «'•*- AnKl..N«r- man that the Pcrcherori owes hi» life. These are the rea».,n» which have opened tlic dot,r c,f all ountric* to Ik- English th.>r..«ghbred We see h.,„ crossed on the Oriental racrs ,„ Ruhsu,. The brcedn of Austria have been improved by liw presence and thai country actually t'^ffhi!! V n """"'T^"*''' "^ 3.4CX) thoroughbred and ha fbred stallions. Germany called hitn to her aid ha^f a century ago, and even t.nday the Government of the Kaiser buys stallions at cxhorbitant prices. There they live in breeding depots, a great national asset. The Work in Franoe France possesses many thoroughbred crossed raoet. as the heavy draught horses tliemselvrs can boast of thj* relation to the English horse. I-acking in experience, the French breeders of the astcentury went a little too fast and were some- times unsuccessful, because, experience and tact are Mjsential to this new science. But now everything i» well arranged and a director of a stallion dcpi in '^1 W'U tell you to a certainty what will bTthe product of the mare brought to be mated. en.,;!"*"^'^*^ ***"'T K'^" elegance, character, energy and demeanor; the mare transmits the volum^ and the system of nutrition and locomotion, but many other considerations which I cannot explain in so short folSKST*^ *" * *^* ^''***^'' **" ^^ question of trans- An annual grant of $2,500,000 helps the French ttaras to proceed with its magnificent work. To this amount must be added the breetfers' and remounts depots' premiums which double the above mentioned amount I he direction of the French Haras puts annually 6o<> thoroughbred and 2.200 half-bred stallions into service- to t]je mares. These horses are divided in small groups m the different provinces during- the service ^asoh I hey are chosen according to the quality of the mares, and are stabi- after the season in special establishments, and well care i ior by a learned staff directed by officers. t i 4 Tiiit Cahaiham Natiowal Buriav or Brrkuino, Uhitio. 'f r 4 graduated from special tch.K)!*. /. few rich breeders have their own ttaltiont which have to be apim.VTd by the French Hara^ Hie French Breeding Indu.try yearly distK>w« of 6.000 horse*. Ihe harf-brrd* are more numerous than the th.)roughbre(N, because m«)%t of the mares are half bred* Eriergy and form having l»en given since many geiwr.itMms it is now easy t.. have gwKl draft horses for all services in using tlie halfbred as a sire. In a few years this necessity will urge the new coun- tries to follow tlie old ..lies. Hut let us ,iudy the prc- lent situation without pressing this subject any further. Ihe British army bought 10,000 horses abro;»d in i88o- ?^??? '«/?',•.*'*"'*.•" "^ ''''•**''^ '»* neighbf>rs for 51.787- Wouldnt It lje prof>cr for the Knglisli cohmies to supply this imperial market? This duty is all the easier to fulfil as it will add to this country s prosperity. We all know that our Mounted Police recruits its re- mounts with difficulty, and that if called to defend its boundary line, the Dominion of Canada would need 33.000 horses and that Great Britain, would need J(X),ooo at the first ca I of arms. These are, I believe, sufficient motires to make the farmers understand the advantages of ratwnal breeding ; to incite them to put these ideas of cross-breeding with poor races and to give up the prac- tice o\{attening stallions and of giving premiums to fat- K 1 .J elaborated articles in the farming papers and booklets distributed in the agricultural colleges would do much to educate the breeder on the right principles of th« KK "f'^"5 has been the first to improve the thoroughbred and the halfbred. and the time has come When this large colony should follow the mother. Our prosperity is closely connected with this practical system of improvement. The Canadian National Bureau of Breeding, this great institution of which 1 am proud to be a Governor, must be considered as the star which will lead Canada to this promised land. Many of its •talhons are already in service and the Government's support will aid. I hope, to develop this great and patrio- tic undertaking, and to show to the Canadian breeder. What a treasure he possesses in an English thoroughbred BARON DE LA RUE DU CAN. Ex-Superior Oificer of the French Cavalry. [17] l!!^,C^!^'AJ» Xatiowal Bt;««Ai. or Bii«m.i«u. Limitbd. Th« Bur«flu and War «1 ^\r? *^**'*y» •"^ »*»•» W«r coyld be .bolrah- InL «L ,»o /" no roan nor no nation ha% brought forth any perfect wbtt.tutc for the force aritu„Kr„t 1 thLt we may state w.th co„v,ct.o„ that «>on?r 7 ate^ tie« will be inore wars and that mmc of these may mvofJe Empire. Natural world expansion will cause some k md of clash some time, and as England controU 7 .TrJl* o?tf Li2r« '^ ^''•^",^ ^'""'^ TImh'is leavmg ou of the quettion, wars of commerce or jealousy or hate It does not include anything but the obS oitc^,^ 2:ien« P'^"*^*'""' »»f« K^^rdcd by life sav^n^ ^::^ S:i ilrse^st^ir: •; iz ns^i^e'd^'it*';? ^-^ ^"'^ '' '-^ -"^po-t If no war clouds were ever going to gath-r cavalrv or artillery horses would not be required Th^ cavJ rv men could walk on church and on holiday panndes and the^guns could be made of cardboard an/ea^^ly c^rrSd But for real war, horses are needed and thev must ^:? ^* "fta'n kind with certain qualitie" Thev are needed m amazingly large numbers? for a modern wir IS an horse graveyard, as was pro^;en not b^ aeo ?n d?dtfrerr;'~" *''^*' ^^'"P^^" ^^ 3o!;:S5,rrsS wh J^'r '!?'■* "***^''l "^"""^ *he American Civil War when they disappeared at the rate of 760 per day. They cr^d"7h;tl ' ^""^'^^ y^''^ *«^ -h^" '^ French crossed the Neimen with 127,000 horses and returned in SIX months with rfioo left. rciurnea in ••t Uektd. ■!.«.•« 1. tk« best ud e>l, .,.t«m. 118] Tm« CaNAI.IAM NaTM>NAL H. .tu or BKRKIMN«t. I.IMItRI). 1 .4 rhcy arc iiiorr ncrdcd m war now lli.iii lliry r\rr were in llie hi»l«»ry of the w.»rlc| l^-forr ( .,,„,,ar« Oct I >, burg with Mukden and ixXr t»>e differriHr in tlie length of the line of battle I Hunk you will find that at Mukden it wak 140 inile» long. lamou% military attache* have »tated that had Jaiian iM.MCH»ed .oni- petent ravalry. laie would have had thrre fewer battles to fi|;ht in that war. r he motiility .^f tlie Ku the day tluit Kuiisia Iw.ught the fauHMiH Knif' ^ thoroughbred »tallion-Galtee More. I hat wa* a / tinic ago, but It wa* not tlie first effort of that um y to producr a cavalry type. Her Army men had (imiuirk ponies to *tart with. Tliey were alert little things l»iit they did not have the size nor the weight. They were crossed with lieavy lK>rseH. linglwh Clyde*. French Perclieron*. Belgian t to s|)eak of a Cossiick and hi* kit. In. tlie meantime Russia discovered that fiance and Ciermany were Retting almost miraruU.us results from the use of thoroughbred blood, and she foll.>wed in the footstcj)* of these nations, (.altee More and other Eng- lish thoroughbreds were purchased and crossed with the mares obtained by the heavy cross on the Cossiick ponies. The result was a fine cavalry and artillery tyfie and the Russian cavalry to-day compares favorably with that of any nation in the world. The liorse condition in the Canadian west to-day is somewhat similar to what it was in Russia When thoroughbred blood was introduced. Light mares, some of them cow-|)onies, have been crossed with Clydes and Pcrcherons. The Bureau thoroughbreds are being mated with the resultant stock and the offspring will be an army horse similar to the Russian. I will not take up your time with any description of the great cavalry Bureaus of France or Germany It — *"_*!"* *^ **^^^ *^^* *^* remount problem in those TU« U tk« tUi* mt tk« j%mw to tlMVMskly *Mmt»9t y««r atoUea. (19| bird bl«Kl mlo l)>r r.MimKm M.^k ..n«J by tlui al.Jr. Thr lho,.H,gh»>rr.l •.», ha^ „,4.lc Au,ln.i.||ung.,ry the Anil ,|«.akmg ..f Aiittri.. rrralU iImI ihr B-kt VV..r hat a ,.ur.ry,„g rff«l on t\w \u,t^.Urmhun .,ul..,try of »wn fl..g h.i.l o buy tlM-ti. wbcrrvrr ,!«• .o,,|,| ..iid .ol- Irtlrd ,ouH.iniU iti Au»lr...|lungarv in ., roupir of yrarn Ami al.hough Austria Im.I ,„«. of ,1,^ wtiIih grralr" Burrau*. with 4.cmk) Mrr^ iIk- Iktm-n .lir v.lel lo I nirl.inH ^rr the wor»l ,n the rounlry. IJh. .l«.a,,cM kiml .>f animal* wprr |Mirrha,K.H for a nong and v.lcl to Knglan.l at tlir lughcM price. Many of tln-ni iK-vn livcl to lan.l m Africa Hm- majority of tho« whuh did arrive were *Kk .»r u^Imh And tin* wa» in Knglnnd's time «.f slress; in hrr dire h«Hir of need In Vienna at tlw orenent time Mands \\yr lordly palac* fef a mi hcmaire, who wa^ a fwor Imrw dealer iH'fore he inulrrJ.Kjt to »ui)p|y England with ravalry ImrM-H during thr South African War TWi waa tk« !»••««•■« ••Mr4«i ■■■!•■« kr «»Ml«a »*w«r.. L«« «• M* «kat klatorjr 4m. m« N»Mt ItMlff. of S.^I^JI""';^'^'* ^"'^r*^ Halda.H.. MngliHl, Secretary of S ate for War say* that he needs isj.cxx) horse* ffj mobiluation. ,n add.tH.n to those alrc.Vcly in "igir sll John French in his re|>ort now before Parliament, states that Canada i» jj.ooo horses short of war footing The National Bureau c!aim« that with protjcr aid il can solv-e the remount problem. But we realize the ^'S^rlfl of the work. To nuike up the Ji.ooo horses required for Canada would take ?oo sires at least three years, or loo wrcs nine years, but this is not very long m the history nf a nation. The Canadian Bureau has gone ahead faster than any similar organization in the world. The French remount system is 103 years old; Germany has been at It 44 years and now has an annual crop of 25.000 foals. Kussia has worked arduously for thirty-three years. All these countries have sfwnt millions of dollars The rW«M« kM«« fllM. ■MM mmi fftslt fr»m tk* krat ud tk« (»1 I I Tim Canamian SAuimAu BvnwkV or HatKiMiii., l.iMiiki*, l«»l«l roM of the CanadMn Rurr«M to tblr dtt fo' ..IM- Mrr Owr llN.roufhhrrclH have hmlcii rvrrylhing u. Aiiwnr.i \Vr h.nc k.nkI hor»r% rvrii if thry »MV« oKiK" rt» ik>iuitM.iu. anil •., ^.k^I hur^- i% ihr Kifi of Allah.' Our aim 1% to crcair a l)|ir of hnrv in Ihi^ r.»iinlr> which ran do all *.rl% of |ica.t.fiil work ami I*- rrady f.»f war whrn ihr IniiMr %«>iinfk Wr l.a*r Irrn workiiii haril and MirndinK • > for ihrrc yr«r» Wr have only mt pro,«.rly ^larlrd J o„r rxiirnM-H will ontiniir imlil a^l iIk. Mrr» haxr Iwn phi.crl Wr haxr alrradv pii.„,,rd "V"^ ^'''^r*'"*^*'"''' hl.KHl Mil., the n.ld l,|.M,i|rd sl'-k of Canada than any indiitdual or roriioration %imx I .macUi win formed. Thi% country i« n,m IradiiiK thr AiiKlo-Saxon ra.r in an effort to |)r«Kfuf>ropriation of »?5o.cxx)caHh mid $100,000 [--r year for the d.MrihiifMn of lit) siren. Rut the Canadian Burran is iromir to kirn in front. ** ' Sis« in Thoroughbreds Tk*M mw MM« mn la 0»aa«« vk* %Uuh tkat • «k«M«ckkM4 ■IM M«« W • wli«»»«r I. mrfw im U mt mmw •M. Tkla U • mlatalM. m • wall «■*■•« Ma^Mt ■!*• •# ■m4 k«M «•«• alMMt p«vfM( Mmilta. Tka ff*ll«wlB« •rtUU. ky Mr. O'WM ■•t1«v. bIvm mm* ▼•hiaU* lafsraa. «!•■ la tkia MSM4. I I Richard F. Carman, the New York horseman, who arrived in Canada from Louisville, tlic other day with the Br.«m»tick colt Meridian, ^vinner of the Kentucky Uerby. has with him a horse which, ultimately, he will present to the Canadian Bureau of Breeding. Magazine, a son of Mazagan and Early Rose is this stallion's name and he is well known in various parts ol the United States and Canada as a runner of uncommon speed and high class. The fastest horse, perhaps, that Mazagan ever sent to the races, he was one of the smartest -.year- olds of his time and he trained into a Derby winning 3-year-old. ' • 121) The Canadian National Buriau or Brekding, Limited. When at his best several years back, Magazine could gallop three quarters of a mile in I.IJ or thereabouts, finish out a mile in 1.38, and a mile and a furlong in 1. 51. He is not ready for assignment to a Canadian farm just yet because Mr. Carman expects to win a race or so with him. But he will be turned over to Mr. Ryan before the snow flies and he is sure to prove one of the Bureau's most valuable thoroughbred properties. This famous flyer is not a big horse in the sense the term "big horse" is generally understood. He does not tower more than seventeen hands into the air as does Mrs. Lillian A. Livingston's Titanic St. Simon horse Stanhope II, who with the gallant Bowling Brook, Ham- burg's conqueror and another giant, stands at the farm at Cobourg, Ontario; but he is a descendant through Mazagan and Martagon of the famous English stallion Bend Or, sire of Ormonde and Ornus, grandsire of Orme, Ormondale, Olambala and Oiseau, great grand- sire of Flying Fox, great great grandsire of Adam and great great great grandsire of Zeus, winner of many races this year and through Early Rose, his dam, he is a representative of the stout American family which pro- duced the sturdy McMeekin,, one of the best handicap horses of his time. Johiison N. Camden, head of the Kentucky Racing Commission, imported Mazagan and bred Magazine at Hartland stud, one of the most popular nurseries in the Blue Grass district of Kentucky. Magazine like Oiseau is just the kind of stallion for the service to which the Canadian Breeding Bureau will put him. Standing 15 hands, 3 inches, a golden bay in color he weighs 1,125 pounds and is short coupled heavily made and clean limbed. There was never a thoroughbred with stouter legs or healthier feet. Magazine attracts attention wherever he appears under colors, because of his unusual bone development, his fine, in- telligent head and his easy graceful carriage. And he is as sensible and docile as he looks Magazine will fall to the Canadian Bureau to help to improve the breed of horses on this side of the border because the legislature in New York all but destroyed thoroughbred values in the United States by its ruinous anti racing measures of igo8 and 1910. The Cawadiaw Xatiowal Buhiau or Biiedino, Limitio. Experience has demonstrated beyond dispute that stallions of his physical type breed big. The close coupled, big bodied horse an inch or so under 16 hands at the withers, when he has the conformation of which Magazine boasts, gets foals of size and bone. Ben Brush and his distinguished son Broomstick are horses of the Magazine type. So was Ornus and so IS Ethelbert. So also is Prince of Melbourne, a son of Bramble (Ben Brush's daddy) who is now domiciled at Henry T. Oxnard's Blue Ridge Stud. Broomstick is the only first-class horse sprung from the loins of Ben Brush, who has not truly heroic propor- tions. Von Tromp, one of the renowned Bramble stallions IS very nearly i; hands high, E)elhi (sire of Lahore, a winner in Canada last fall), stands upwards of 16 hands. Ethelbert, »he eminent American 3-year-old of 1899 and winner of the Brighton Cup of 1900, in the running of which race he established the American record of 3.49 1-5 for two miles and a quarter, is not as big as Magazine, yet he sired Dalmatian and Fitzherbert, both 16. 1 horses of heroic frame. Dalmain, a 2-year-old son of Ethelbert in Samuel C. Heldrath's stable this year, is 15.3^, and he will be a i6.2 hand horse before he attains to the age of five years. Broomstick, Ben Brush's one great horse of low stature, has a 16.2 colt in Meridian, who is big all over, and Brush Broom, another of his sons, is taller still. Brush Broom, now a steeplechaser, is racing through the field for Richard T. Wilson, the enterprising president of the Saratogo Association, this year, and it is highly likely that he will make the cleverest 4-year-old timber topper of his time. Whisk Broom, Broomstick's clever- est representative in Great Britain, is 16 hands tall already and he is still growing at 4 years old. Prince of Melbourne, conqueror of Ildrim (Love Tie's sire), in the Lawrence Realization of 1900, was dropped by a mare (Maid of Balgowan) who never attained a greater height than 15.1. Judge Semmes, one of the handsomest of his offspring, stood 16 3 and the veteran Any mai wko interferea with tb« Biir«>an tnnm of his eovntiy. [2H] work ia The Canadian National Burbau of Brkbdimo, Limitbd. horseman William Lakeland is schooling him for steeple- chasing at Sheep&head Bay. Rut whether the thoroughbred stallion be of a tall, raw boned rangy tyjw or low of stature close coupled and rotund, his get will want the highly desired attri- butes of si/.c, bone development and finish when brought to scales or show ring unless t''oy get plenty of flesh and bone producing food while they are growing. The prac- tice of the American farmer, whether he lives North or Stnith of the line that divides the United States and Can- ada, of turning weanlings and yearlings out on grass with their dams and leaving them to rustle for them- selves is all wrong. Young horses must be given grain food and plenty of it. They must be »watched carefully lest their digestive organs get out of whack. Every ten dollars expended on the thoroughbred or half bred wean- ling or yearling in care and attention adds $100 or more to his price when he is brought to the market at 2 or 3 years, whether he is destined for racing or military pur- poses. Read the Natioiaal Bnrean mlee aad be mre to follvw them. 124] The Canadian National Bureau of Breeding, Limited. National BurMu Stallion ''Athel'* By latp Atkallms bjr Starllms dam Betrlbntiom bjr Befon*. Doaktad by Mr. Tbomaa F. Clyde of Marylamd. PI»e«d with J. F. Morrow, 0»1«- mot, P.Q. Atbol la tba alra of Tba Lady of Marela, wlaaer of the Quebeo Klsc'a Plate la. 19 ID. 125] The Canadian National Bureau of Brebding. Limited. Thoroughbred Blood the Best Tka f*U*wlas aU* arasU •■ tli« ▼•!»• of tkomgk- knd Mood is from tk* pom of Jokm Bodoa, of Mow Tovk, wko U rocardod m omo of tko kost oxporta la Amorioo oa ■aok aiatton. Progress has been the watchword of tlic farmer throughout this country (The United States) for the past dozen years. Sometimes it has been through irrigation, which could be taken advantage of by only a compara- tively few thousands of persons; sometimes, through conservation, which would perpetuate streams and forests. But until within the past few years the farmer paid practically no attention whatever to what was, and what is, one of the most valuable assets that the farm has, and that is the horse. He is one of the few farm products which perpetuates. Natural products do their work, but theirs is the work of a season or at the most of a year. That of the horse continues for a generation. He is the communication between the farmer and his market ; or. at least, between the farm and the railroads, and not merely a convenience but a necessity. True it is that, while his horse is a necessity to the farmer, it is also one of his crops, and then comes the question of what quality -f horse is the better for the purpose of farm work. Two requirements the farmer exacts. The first necessarily will be that the horse shall be one of general utility, and the next is that it will be profitable as a product of his farm, with reference to his salable quality. Thoroughbred Strain Counts On both these matters of qualification there can be no question as to the value of the infusion of thorough- bred blood. It as-r-iilates readily, and enriches all other bloods. More than that— and this point is one of importance to the breeder, whether he be a man of (261 The Canadian National Bureau or Brskdino, Limitbo. ordinary means or one wl)o has a pretentious establish- ment—the thoroughbred is prc-€minently a horse of early maturity. He is a quicker asset to his owner, whether the owner needs him for services on the farm or in the city, or merely for the sales market This is not advocacy of the thoroughbred as a work horse himself, but a statement of the value of his blood in building up a high class of utility horse. There can be no dispute as to his being the basic blood— blood that has come down untarnished through the centuries. Indeed, for more than two hundred years, he was the pampered one of his race. He was not permitted to mix with his cousin of commerce But nearly a century ago France, Germany and Russia, then, as now, essentially war pK>wcr3— felt the need not only of a superior cavalry horse, but also the absolute necessity of encouraging the breeding in their own countries of this type, for with war on, the horse is contraband. Then it was that attention was first directed to the thoroughbred, who up to this time had been the plaything of kings and nobles. He was drafted for breeding purposes, and farmers were encouraged inlo breeding to him, with the result that to-day we find in these countries not merely exceedingly well-mounted cavalry but the finest, hardiest, most valuable general horse in the world. He has bone and utility, has sureness of foot, is extraordinarily intelligent and has speed at any gait. Senrtoeable in Every Branch If bred for army purposes, he is equally serviceable for cavalry or for artillery. H he is in cavalry, his instincts aid him. If he is on artillery, his natural gait, the gallop, sustains him. The gun horse is, of necessity, a horse that gallops, and the gallop is the natural gait of the thoroughbred. Bu< not all of the thoroughbreds bred on the farm may be bought for army horses The Canadian Army to-day lacks many thousands of horses, not only for remounts, but also for ordinary service. They would Dom't be Afraid to breed « pare bred Clyde to a thorovffhbred sire. AU tUa "Tleleat erou" talk la a Joke. 127) T»i» Cawadiaw .National Bmixi or BaKEniNo, Limited. rather buy at hunw than elsewhere. I)ut tht-rc is no source ot supply ill present. France, which unquestionably has one of the finest cavalry services in tlic world, cut l.>ose from the making of the thor.,ughbred a mere idler, and sent him for duty to Brittany and the Marne and Tou- louse and Versailles, until to-day it has. through the dissemination of thoroughbred blood, not only the best cavalry service in the world, but the finest general tyi)e of service horse. Frano* L««dt the Way England, the first Western home of the thoroughbred cared little, in the early seventies, for her cavalry france. on the contrary, in those days, with a view to the conquering of Europe, encouraged the development of the horse. France wanted a caval- ry horse. If it didn't fit. or wasn't needed for a cavalry horse, it would be a horse of bone of action of stamina and longevity, and all over the length and the breadth of the land it placed the thoroughbred 1 he government cared naught for the cost. And the cavalry of France and the horses of France on the farms nave become proverbial for their utility. Germany was the first of the European powers to tollow France, though at more than a measurable dis- tance. France, when it found that Germany might bid against her for the great thoroughbreds of the world, set to work and distributed the thoroughbred among her farmers at a nominal price. She established a record of the mares that were served by her thoroughbreds, sp that when remounts were needed she could have them with perfect record of their paternity. The honk, which IS known as the record of the demi-sang. is as perfect as are the Stud Books of the English Jockey Club. Others Fell in Line With England, up to this time, the thoroughbred had been largely an idol. He was used for racing purposes only. !< ranee first saw in him a liorso of general utility and then came Germany that paid $100,000 for Ard ^atrick, arid Russia that gave $125,000 for Galtee More Austria followed, and then came the Argentine with its [28) _ The CaKAOIAN NaTIOKAI. BiTIIEAU O. bRRKDINli. LlMITID. $150,000 each ftMT Diamond Jubilee. Jardy and Cyllrne aly and Spam and Japan and Turkey and Hra,.,l p;,^ tribute to the thoroughbred and m the aggregate hey K ""*"" $3.ooo.cxx> ,n the purchase 7' UK.rough Not all of this was for the purchase of the llK,rouKli- bred as a war or as a cavalry horse. It was to introduce jrnt. if It did not he would be the horse of utility. War ^'"dom came, but when it did it was the horse with thoroughbred blood in him that was accepted. Russia was one of the last of the powers to start im- proving the s.«j and the breed of iTs cavalry horis. t J^l?*^ *^T fenerations the Russians adhered to the old type of tTie Cossack pony. Then, warned by ^i*'!5^u^'"? **°"' ^y *" ^ European )owers. they realized that their type of cavalry horsTwas insuffiaen^ P V u ^ ^L"*^ breeding their small mares to the Fercheron. but the produce could not stand the work of arduous cavalry maneuvers and their feet and legs gave out. ihen the Government sent an expert to England avdeJi'r; """' ^-^'if^' ^*^'^*^ »-^y SufToirand Clydesdales. sires These were sent back to Russia and produced a crop of sturdy looking horses, standing about 1 5 hands. But these were not good cavalry horsef I hey lacked energy and they also lacked "pace." Hit Upon Solution .u '^fif*'",^^^* Russians tried to solve the problem, and this time they hit upon the correct plan-buying English thoroughbred sires. From that time until the prlsent there has never been any doubt as to the efficiency of the Russian cavalry horse. So great was the success of the plan that before many years no price was too high for Russia to pay for a good thoroughbred sire, and when the Derby winner Galtee More was offered for sale Russia paid $125,000 for him. Unly recently Lord Coventry, the master of the royal buckhounds, sounded a note of warning to England ** • ■»•»• ?«»▼•• to b« • poor meth«r u— the »llk of m eow Mid tko rotarms to yo« wlU bo sroAtor thaa fvom • Milk doalor or m ohoeao faotoiy. m TiiK Canaiiian Natiomai. Bubkau ur Brkkuimu, LiMiTru. He »aid: "If you want to \ie »u(ics»ful in hrrrding you must breed tr> young aniriiaj». My own idea \s I hat if we with to increase the numlwr of useful horses in the country we must proceed on the line* that the royal com. mission has followed for si> many years and provide a larger number of thoroughbred stallions than has hitherto been poMible considering the limited sum >vhich Ins been placed at their dis[x>sal. "But they set out in tlie right way in supplying thoroughbred stallions for the use of farnicrs at .1 low fee. I would increase the grant very largely and pro- vide more thoroughbred stallions, which should rereive a certificate of soundnes:>. and I would plai-<« tlxise stallions where they could Ik* mated with farm marrs. "I do not mean mares which would produce a high- class hunter, but those which would produce useful animals suitable for army pHr|M>;ei, and in ccmnertion with this subject I havr always reconnueiidcd farmers to breed from their light active cart niiiren if the >iervices of a good thoroughbred sire couUl Ik- secured. "I have seen the l)est results from breeding in this way, for many excellent Inmtcrs have been got by thoroughbred horses out of cart mares iind I have known these sold fc)r large sums of money. And curiously in many cases they have sliown a >»rrat iimount of (juality which we could not have cx|)cttcd" And this is from a man who has twice, in consecutive years, won the Grand National Steeplechase, th? blue ribbon of cross-country sport and the suprene test of a cross-country thoroughbred. B«t It la sot of tk« theFomchbrcd m tk« pi>aB«mlter of raMkevMs wltk wklck tk« tmrmm !• lmt«r«st«4. Tk« tkare«ckbr«d, to tk« twmw, U UMtml m tk« proB«attav of MnndBcas, kcrele kleed, staaila*, p«rf«et asalaiUatloB •ad nmrlj atatMrity. Valuable in Many Ways There does not seem to be any manner of doubt that there soon must come to be a practical realization of the value of the thoroughbred in America, and a con- sequent profitable market. The Department of Agricul- ture m Washington has joined hands with the War Depart ?nt in asking Congress for aid in sending |30) TlIK C.\N,MIIAN \AriilN.\l. Itl HK\I <>» HkKKOINI^ UiUITBU. thruughout the country the l>est ty|)eH of the thorciugh- hrerl to lie muted with farmers' mares at a rioniinai fee The Anmtal InduMry Mtirc.iii of the I)e|Kirtiuent of Agriculture has recommciidrd a grant of $}<;o,(xx) for the purchase of these Htullionn and $100,000 a year to Hend out and maintain these sires. It IS proposed that, as a heginning, ten sires should be sent to Maine and New Hampshire; fifty to Virginia, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee. Indiana and Ohio; fifteen to Missouri and Texas, and twenty-five t«> Mon- tana, Washington, Oregon and California. The te\yott which accompanies the recomniendatKm rails attention to the fact that, although there are more than jo,ooo,cx)0 horses of all kinds in this country, our cavalry needs cannot be tilled with the correct ty|)e, notwithstanding that the prices offered would make the breeding profitable. Encounii«d in Europe "European countries," says this report, "long ago found it was not only advisable, but necessary, to supervise the breeding of army horses, and cvory Eu- ropean country, with the exception of England, has for years been encouraging the breeding of tjic proj)cr ty|)e of remount. England, one of the most important horse countries in the world, has for many reasons only recently been forced to take this step. It is interesting to note that practically the sune conditions .-on front England that confront this country at the present time. and almost identical steps are contemplated in the Anglo- Saxon countries to accomplish the same results— suit- able army horses in sufficient number. "The horses of our mounted branch arc severely criticized by representatives of foreign armies, while from our own officers come reports of poor animals and poor performances." It is precisely with the hor«e as it is with all other animals. A return to the basir blnofl that h is becti un- contaminated must result in the enrichment of that which has gone to it. When kept pure. ac <>( excellent merit, but he boatti of a» «tout a |>e(li(;ree, accurtliii|; tu llic ino»t authentic American aiul lCn|{li'ih siamlarcU, a;* any x- nard's itiuc Ridge Farm in Kaiti|uirr County, X'irginia. was a sun of Bend Or, progenitor i>f the %taltion line to which Ormonde, Ormc, !• lying Fox, Gulden Garter, f)raculum, (ioldbnch, Orby antiCrolden Maxim belong, out of Aahgrove, u daughter of the celebrated Hermit. Ht» dam, Kitty Gun, waH a daughter uf Virgil, the %m of Hindoo, grandsire of Hanover, great grandsire of Hamburg, Halma, Buck MaMie, Ben Holladay, Hand* spring, Yankee and Compute, and great-great-grandaire of R. T. Wilson's, promising three'Veur-old Naushon, who bids fair to make the most brilliant distance run- ning 3-ycar-old of the current racing season. Band Or and GI«neo« Uiiic«d In England,* scientific breeders consider the hKxxl of Bend Or when transmitted through the male line the best obtainable. Its potency, indeed, wa» illUHtrated on the Wood- bine course as recently as Saturday the 20th of May, when Zeus, son of Adam, son of Flying Fox, son of Orme, son of the immortal Ormonde, won the Wood- stock plate. And conversely American breeders con- sider blood of the line of imp. Glencoe, Vandal, Virgil, Hindoo and Hanover, however a horse may come by it, beyond compare. Richard Crocker's Orby, winner of the Epsom Derby of 1907, was thrown by Rhoda B., a daughter of Hanover, as also was Rhodora, Orby's half- sister, winner of the Thousand Guineas of 1908. Some Rektivct of Not«t Another Virgil mare. Blue and White, produced Mr. Wilson's rugged Campaigner, Otambala, winner last year of the Suburban, Commonwealth. Brighton, Saratoga and ChamplaJn Handicaps, and who in the running of the Com- monwealth at Sheepshead Bay defeated King James and equalled Broomstick's American record of 3.02 4-5 for one (88) — Il' *i^'*'*'' ^MUmAt. Hi BMi' or llBM ihf rir.i .r .i ' •'^■''"•fn*' m ihr aiiiiimni»r 11104 ( >iavi.U.m C....„fy. TrnnrH.eo hv I II. u.iriur. nm trout; hi io Ww \' .,1, .. ^ •'■ cIcM.Ikv 10 drvdr a ul ^"11'";';,' ^^'V •'^•"^ ""• *«* Melton's Grcfltcit Son for iu,„ a, ,„v d?„a„ .. „„d hi c'-,;;';".."^ ."." r"'^ IJMI Tn« VAH^mAMji^fu.HM, Hi .lui nr ll.•,«M„„^ Umtt* "•i»ublif 41 .^uriitoKA. 4rui in thm tjc rv« a' ' i # of t ir-.c almost inrimiiiar Alw.,. »Mi«.k«r tkat tko r..^ .li„,| •••« pall t*B*tk«r. Wli«B tk* W*. laadlaa hars* «««tr7 WM tk« w*nt U tk. woria. It will kraadlas tdk« !• to JWj The Canal.an .Vatk.nai. Bireau op Bi,F.F.D.Nr.. Limited. National BureHu Stallions •■d ..peri...... Tkl. will MUdif, th« wrk. 1. VAWJAir. Chestnut .union foaled m 1906. Sire Oeorge Ke..ler by Salvador dam Mlsaey. by MIdlotlan. Station- •d with P. Clark. Hull. p.Q. foaled in 1900. Sire Bu.hy Park, by Hampton dam Mia, Lurgan. by Lurgan Stationed with A. Champagne M P at North Battleford, Saak. '"P'Sw. m.k.. 3. '•O^^WAT. Bay .talllon foaled In 1904. Sire Bassetlaw. by St. Simon dam Syrlenne. by Sir Modred. Placed with Joseph Mitchell. IrTlne. AlberU. 4. mrATOR OIAY. Bay atalllon foaled In 1904. Sire Oold- Pil'pl '"u^^hJk^ "'" *''"■'"'*• ''^ ^"P"t«d Woodlands Placed with Thomas McNutt. M.R, at Saltcoats. Sask 6. FO»T HUHTO. Bay stallion foaled In 1901. Sire Potomac. by St. BImUe dam Rock Rose, by Imported Laureate. Placed with Dr. H. S. McPartrldge. Halifax. N.S. e. ORAOUIUK. Chestnut aUlllon foaled In 1904. Sire Im- ported Sorcerer, by Ormonde dam Hanoverlne. by Han- over Ptaced with Baron de la Hue du Can, Ste. Rose du Lac. Manitoba. 7. BOasifOUirT. Brown stallion foaled in 1904. Sire Ht ags by Spendthrift dam Lady Rosemary, by St i aige' Placed with M. J. O'Brien. Renfrew. Ont. 8. ATKBL. Brown sUlllon foaled in 1900. Sire Imported Athel- ing. by Sterling dam Retribution, by Reform. Placed with J. F. Morrow. Calumet, Quo. ». liBA HOBSBH. Chestnut stallion foaled In 1896. Sire Nel- ■on.by King Cole dam Moonga. by Ooldsborough. Placed with Rudolphe Porget, M.P.. Ste. Irenee, Que. Blue Book by Handsome substituted. m -~-l"--S/"'t?2!:'' -'^■^"...VAL n.RF... OF B.EIDING. LIMITED. 10. OmiOH. B.y .,*u.ua i ...i.d In 1901. Sire Imported Order by Bend Or dam Plumage, by Goldfinch, by Ormonde.' Placed with Scott Shaw. Hartland. N.B. U. 'AVUM Brown .talllon foaled In 1905. sire Imported Brldgewater. by Hampton dam the Oho.t. by nying Dutchman. Placed with A. H. Stewart. Bathur.t. N B. 1«. ■AMOTt H. HAWIl. Bay gtallion foaled In 1902. Sire Sir Walter by .Midlothian dam LIndula. by Linden. Placed with A. C. Galbralth. x.nton. Alta. 13. NASHWAAX. Bay stallion foaled In 1908. Sire Imp St Dory, by St. Simon dam Tlllle VInce. by Pordham Plac- ed with J. A. Watt. Claresholm Agricultural Society. Clareaholm. Alta. "^'bi/. 14. OAMOWAT. Bay stallion foaled In 1908. Sire Peep-Q-Day by Ayerahire dam Doreen. by Uncas. Placed with Supt. P. C. H. Prlmroae. R. N. W. M. P. MacLeod. aZ 16. BAIRD. Chestnut gUlllon foaled In 1897. by Huron by Iro- quois dam Lime Tree, by War Dance. Placed with Nor- man Jacques. Northern Star Ranch. Ingleton Alta mi Till Cawadiaw Natiowal Bureau or Biicding, Limitko. Rulei and Regulctiont 1. Every italUon placed by the Canadian National Bureau of Breedini, must be homed in a looie box stall in a warm. dry. well lighted and comfortable stable. 2. Bureau stallions may be given sufficient exercise to keep them in condition, either in harness or under saddle, but on no account are they to be worked or raced. 3. The Bureau retains property rights in all its stallions. 4. Every man with whom a Bureau stallion Is placed must agree to keep accurate account of 11 foals and of all mares served, in a Service Book supplied by the Bureau for such purpose. 5. The service fee shall be ten dollars to Insure. Three dollars of this fee must be returned to the Bureau. 6. It Is understood that the Bureau may take back or trans- fer at any time any stallion, which the Bureau decides la not being properly cared for. 7. In the event of any stallion becoming sick or meeting with an accident, the Head Office must be notified at once. 8. Unless in case of neglect or careleaaneas, a man keeping a Bureau stallion will not be held responsible for the Injury or loss of the horse. 9. The Bureau will look after and arrange all Insurance policies on Bureau stallions. 10. The number of mares allowed to be served depends on the age of the horse and definite deUila concerning this are sent out with each stallion. 11. All stallions will be changed around every four or five years, so as to prevent the get of a sUlllon coming back to him. 12. The Bureau has a French Canadian SecreUry, so that Quebec farmers can send in all letters in French if they so wish. 13. For the present, at least, not more than one stallion will be placed in any one county. JOHN F. RYAN, General Manager. m