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^l^i^HHH

1.

LIST OF THE FISHES OF NOVA SCOTIA.

(Corrected to date, 1879.)
By J. Matthew Jones.
The following list comprises all the Fishes recorded to date as
occurnng m our waters. A few other fluviatile species doubtless
exist m the more remote lakes and streams of the interior, and
we may look forward to the occasional occurrence of additional
boreal marine forms on our northern fishing banks, bix)usht
there under the influence of the cold arctic current which bear«
annually Its burden of icebergs from Davis' Strait; while the
number of southern marine forms may also be augmented at in-
tervals, by errant examples, thrown off during their northerly
course, along the heated waters of the Gulf Stream

In the preparation of this list the author has received the
generous assistance of his much esteemed friend. Prof. G Brown
GOODE, of the Smithsonian Institution, Assistant U. States Fish
Commission, who has kindly furnished a list of hitherto un-
known species, procured from our fishing banks by the Commis-
sion during the past three years, and revised in part the nomen-

1.

3.

Fam. <]}ASTER0STEID^,

Gasterosteus aculeatus, L. Two-spined Stickleback.
Common.

Fam. PERCID^.
Perca fluviatilis, 4 Perch. Perca flavescena, Stor.

Lomn^on m most lakes and streams
Roccus LiNEATus {Schn) Gill Striped Bass. Lahrax

Uneatiis, Gunth. Common.
Morone AMERICANA (GthcL) Gill. White Perch. Lahrax

i-itfua, Gunth. Comimon.

• .il

\^

G.
7.

H.

9.
10.

11.

12;

13.

]4.

15.

* Fam. TRIGLIDiE.

Sebastes marinus (L.) LiUh'u; S. Forwegicus. Gunth.
Common ; taken on the banks while fishing for cod

CoTTUS scoRPius, L. Sculpin. Very connnon.

C. ocTODECiM-spixosus, uMUc/,. Not common.

Centridermichthys uncinatus, lieinh. Fishin^r banks
off the coast (U. S. F. 0.) "

Triglops pingeiji, Relnh. Fishing banks off the coast

(U. S. F. C.)
AspiDOPHORoiDES MoNoPTEUYGius, Block, Stovev. Ob-
tained from fish stomachs.

Fam. SCOMBRIDyE.

ScoMDER scoMBRUS. L. Mackerel. Scomber acomhev
Gunth. As on othoi- coasts this fish is more abund-
ant some seasons than others; attributable no doubt
to the ample food supply, or scarcity, as th. case
may be. It generally consists of the minute fry of
other fishes ; but when that particular food fails,
they appear to resort to the minute Crustacea. Dr.'
Gilpin carefully describes this species in Trans. N. S.
Inst. Nat. Science, vol. I., Pt. 4 p 11

Orc^-nus thynnus (Z.) Gooile. 'Albicore. Tkynmi.
thynnus, Gunth. Common in the bays and harbours
during the months of July and August

0. ALATUNGA, (Z.) GUI. Thipmus alalonga, Gunth. Ac-
cording to Messrs. Goodo & Bean's admirable List of
Fishes of Massachusetts Bay, (1879) a specimen was
obtained by Capt. William Thompson, of the schooner
" Magic " of Gloucester, in the Summer of 1878, on
Banquereau, at a depth of 300 fathoms.

Sarda pelamys (Z.) Gunth, Cm. Bonito. Pelamys aarda,
Not common. A young example captured at the
mouth of Halifax Harbour is now in the Museum
collection.

Echeneis ? Suck-fish. A specimen in the Hall-

fax Museum not yet determined.

O

IG.
17,

18,
19.
20.

<il

21,

22,
23.

24.
25.

2G,

«•

:l

IG. PORONOTUS TRiACANTHUS {Peclc.) GUI Stronuiteus tria-
eanthus, Gunth. Common.

17. Lampris LUNA, Riss. Very lare. A specimen was taken
at Sable Island some years ago, a rough sketch of
which, with the colours well depicted", was made by
one of the men belonging to the establishment there,
and given to Dr. Bernard Gilpin, in whose portfolio I
saw it and carefully examined it. Although the
sketch was rude in tlie extreme, the peculiar form
and brilliant colours left no doubt as to the fish.
The man had never seen one before.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.
23.

24.
25.

26. L,

Fam. CARANGIDiE.

Paratractus pisquetus (Cav. & Val.) Gill. Caranx
chrysos, Gunth. Not uncommon.

Arqyriosus vomer (L.) Guv. & Val. N.ot common. Speci-
mens are occasionally taken, in^ shore waAers.

PoMATOMUS saltatrix (Z.) GUI. Hue-fish. Temnodon
saltator, Gunth. Inserted on the authority of Dr.
Bernard Gilpin, who has seen specimens taken on this
coast.

Fam. XIPHIIDiE.

XiPHiAS GLADius, L. Sword-fish. Occasionally taken in
the bays and harbours.

Fam. DISCOBOLI.

Cyclopterus lumpus, L. Lump-fish. Very conmnon.

C. SPINOSUS, Fahr. Very rare. Trawled off Halifax Har-
bour by the " Speedwell." Expedition, August, 1877.
(U. S. F. C.)

LiPARis VULGARIS, Flem. Common.

L. MoNTAGur, Dom Rare. Taken off Halifax Harbour
by the "Speedwell" Expedition, Aug., 1877. (U.S.F.C.)
RANULA, Goodie &, Bean. Very rare. One specimen
only has been obtained by the " Speedwell " Expedi-
tion off Chebucto Head, Halifax Harbor, at a depth
of 52 fathoias. {W. S. F. G.)

27.

28,
29.
30.

SI.

S2.

33.

34.

.'3

-:>.

•SG.

sr.

•"38.

•39. iE.

nm. PEDICULATI.
LoPHius PiscATORius. X. Devil-fish. Common.
Fam. BLENNID^.

AnarrhicjHAS lupus L Cat fiok r>

lEPT0CLINUSACULEATUS(i2ein;0 ^i// <?/.-.A

Fttx.^^ '^'"^ ''^^^'^ off tlie coast TU S F P^

EUMESOGRAMMUS SUBBIFURCATUS (-^^0 J.V ^|/ ' S ; •

«tt&^.>rca;t^«. Stor. Taken off H«'f. w" /''^''
tbe-Speedwe." ExpedJ^cC F C f "'^"^ '^

Smithsonian Ir.tit«tiorCGo'rr r'- ''^
Fishes of Mass. Bay ""^^ ^^^^^ & Bean's List of

MUR^KOIDES GUNNELLUS (Z.) G^.^^ & ^.^^ ^^^^ .

shore waters. Describe,! W. ^i !? ^^'^'^^^^nin
^ Inst. Nat. Sc. volTp'l '^ 50^ "•^'^''' ^^^^^ ^- «'
Crvptacanthode^ maoulatus. ^0^: Wrymouth O

s^onally taken. Th. variety C. inornTslm I

uncommon. *' Uli— is not

ZOARCES ANGUiLLARis (Peck.) Storer. Common.
Fam. ATHEiEmiDvE.

ChiROSTOMA NOIATUM r^iM ■) /?,77 A*l • - 7 .

;Girnth: '^ ^therimchthys notata,

Fam. FISTULARIID^
Fistularia tabaccaria, X. Occasion^] «n •

1.1. xsi,.., ,viiieh«kad bejj^ taken at Portu-

#

T

44.
4.5.
4G.
47.

48.

49.
50.

51.

X S. F. C.)
ks off the

aculeatua,
F. C.)

Pholia
arbour by

'tcBU8 uni-
led by Mr.
;i to the
IS List of

mnion in

ns. N. S.

• Occa-

— is not

notata,

.taken
^ specir

ionally
a fine
lI fila-
Porfcu-

#

T

40.

41.

42.

43. L

44.
45.
40.
47.

48.

49.
50.

51.

guese Cove, Halifax Harbour. A small specimen is
in the Halifax Museum. There can be hardly a
doubt as to the distinctness of these two species.

Fam. LABRIDiE.
Tautogolabrus adspersus (Walb.) Gill. Sea Perch.
Ctenolabrus burgall, Gunth. Very common during
the summer months in harbours and bays. The
variety uninotatm, having a black spot at the base
of the two anterior soft dorsals rays, mentioned by
Gunther, Cat. Fishes, vol. iv., p. 90, is found in com-
pany with it.

Fam. LYCODID^,

Lycodes vahlii, Reinh. Fishing banks off the coast
(U. S. F. C.)

L. Verrillii, Goode & Bean. Fishing banks off the coast,
(U. S. F. C.)
PAxiLLUS, Goode & Bean. A single specimen obtained
between La Have and Sable Island Banks, recorded
in Messrs. Goode and Bean's List of N. E. Am. Fishes
(1879) p. 9.

Fam. GADIDiE.
Gadus MORRHUA, X. Cod. . v comuion.
G. TOMCODUS, 3Iit6h. Frost-fish. Very common.
G. ^GLEFJNUS, L. Haddock. Very common.
G. POLLACHius, L. Pollack, Very common. Large schools

come into Halifax Harbour about the latter end of

June or beginning of July, to feed upon the fry of

the common hake.
Merlucius bilinearis (Mitch.) GUI. Whiting. Merluc-

cms vulgaris, Gunth. Not common.
Phycis chuss (Walh.) Gill.
P. tenuis {Mitch) De Kay. Hake. Phycia americanus,

Gunth. Very common.
P. REGIUS (Walk) Jord. & Glib. Phycis regalis, Gunth.

Sir John Richardson gives Halifax as a locality for
yjthis species. Faun. Bor. Am.

.i2.
53.

54.
55.

50.

57.

58.

59.
GO.

CI.

G2.

G3.

Very coimnon
Arctic Floun-

HALoroiH'Hvuus VIOLA. GoocU k Bean. Fishing bank.s off

the coast (U. S. F. C.)
Onos (RniNONKMii.s) ciMuuius (L) Goode & Bern. Mo-

tdla chnbrla, Gunth. Fishing banks off the coast

(U. S. F. (J.)

Brosmius BiiosME (Mull.) W/ute. Cusk. Common.
Ammodytes amehicanus, De Kay. SanJ Eel. Common ;

bmying in the .sand at ebb of tide, and going in

schools at liigh water.

Fam. PLEURONECTIDiE.

HiPPOGLOSSUS VULGARIS, Flcm. Halibut,
on the fishing banks off the coast.

HiPPOGLOSSOIDES PLATE,SS()IDES (Fab):) Gill.

der. Hipjwglossoulea tlmandoides, Gunth. Not un-
common. Of two specimens forwarder! by the Rev.
J. Ambrose from St. Margaret's Bay. the largest
measured twenty-two inches in length.

PSEUDOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS (Walh!) GUI. Floun.ler.

Platessa plana, Stor. Yary common in shore waters.
Described by the author, Trans. N. S. Inst. Nat. Sc
Vol. I, Pt. L, p. 51.

LiMANDA FERRUGixVEA (Stovev.) Goode & Bean. Pleuro-
nectesferritgineus, Gunth.

Platysomatichthys hippoglossoides (Walk) Goode &
Bean. Turbot. If ipjwylossus gwenlandicm, Gnnth.
Occasional specimens are brought in from the northern
fishing banks, but it is more common off Newfound-
land. It is a very oily fish M-hen cooked.

Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (L.) Gill. Pleuronectes
cynoglossus, Gunth. La Have fishing bank (U.S.F.C.)
Fam. SILURIDiE.

Amiurus catus (L.) Gill. Not common. This fish is very
tenacious of life, for a specimen survived being carried
wrapped up in paper in a pocket for two hours.
Fam. SALMONIDiE.

Salmo salar, L. Salmon. More abundant ^ome years

04.

G-.

CG.

G7.

G8.

09,

^

70

ng banks off

Bean. Mo-
)ff tlic coast

imon.

Conunon ;
id going in

ry conunon

rctic Floun-
h. Not un-
•y the Rev.
the largest

Flounder,
lore waters.
St. Nat. Sc,

11. Pleiivo-

Goode &
'cu8, Gunth.
he northern
Newfouncl-

Heurovcctes

i (U.S.F.C.)

fish is very
iing carried
hours.

lome years

G4.

GO.

m

than others. Describetl by Dr. Gilpin, Trans. N. S.
Inst. Nat. Sc, Vol. I., Pt. 4, p> 7G.
S. CANADENSIS, Hamilton Smith. Sea Trout. Very com-
mon at the mouths of rivers, May to August. Dr.
Gilpin has described the species, Trans. N. S. Inst.
Nat. Sc, Vol. I., Pt. 4, p. 84.
S. GLOVERii, Gir. This fish under the name of '' Grayling "
is I nown in most rivers and lakes. It is probably
from its light colour that it obtained the name, for
it does not belong to the genus Thymallus. Describ-
ed by Dr. Gilpin, Trans. N. S. Inst. Nat. Sc, Vol. I.,
Pt. 4,p. 8G.
Cristivomer namaycush {Penn) Gill & Jordan. Lake;
Trout. Salmo mimaycuah, Gunth. Common in the
farger lakes where it is known to the countrymen as
the " pickerel." It is well described by Dr. Gilpin
in Trans. N. S. Inst. Nat. Sc, Vol. L, Pt. 4, p. 88.
Satlvelmus fontinalis (Mitch.) Gill & Jordan. Brook
Trout. Salmo fontinalis, Gnnth. Very common in
all lakes and streams. Described by Dr. Gilpin,
Trans. N. S. Inst. Nat. Sc, Vol. I., Pt. 4, p. 81.
OsMERUS MORDAX, Mitck Smelt. Oamei-us viridescens,
Gunth. Very abundant in January and February,
when they are- taken tlia-ougb hoies. in the ice in great
quantities.
Mallotus villosus, Cuv. & Val. Capelin. Occurs as far
south as Halifax only occasionally, when the tempera-
ture of the shore waters is lower than usual. Its
proper habitat is further north, on the coasts of New-
foundland and Labi-ador. Described by the author,
Trans. N. S. Inst. Nat. Sc, Vol. I., Pt. 2, p. 5.

Fam. SCOMBRESOCID^.

70. ScoMBRESOX SAURUS, Flem. Bill Fish. Not uncommon
during the .summer niontlis. A specimen preserved
in the Halifax Museum jumped out of the water
into a fishing-boat. The fishermen say it couies with

G7.

G8.

09.

72. FUNDULUS

73.
74.

75.

6

moirow that it is seen on tlm coast of fflnp « *
m schules during the month of 11 st ^" '''''°"

at Sable Island in 8 j'^iUhe ''"'""" "" ^'•^"
tenainei ^ P'"'"' ^*« »ot do-

Fani. CYPRINODONTID^
Fam. CYPRINID^

Fam. CLUPEID.E.
Clupea Habexous, Z. Herring. More nlenfifnl «

Gilpin, Trans. N. •« Inst. Nat. Sc Vol I Vt^ ! m^

Fam. MURJSNID^
Nemichthys SCOLOPACEU.S. Rick. Ne.ucktkys scolopacea
Svv.p^ ^''^'''^ ^^""^^ ^ff <^h« coast. (U S F C

- banks off the coast (U.SFC) """

Anquilla VULGARIS, Z. Eel. Very common.

Fam. SYNGNATHID^

7A
80.
81.

S2.

83.

84.

85.

8C.

>

87.

88.

89.

90.
91.

«a.

84.

85.

8G. MoLA

87.

88.

89.

mon in

90.

91.

Hippocampus antiquorum, Leach. Occasionally taken dur-
ing tho aummor months ; a Gulf-stream migiant no
doubt.

■ Fam. SCLERODERMI.

Balistes CAPRISCU8, Qm. A specimen taken at St. Mar-
garet's Bay, is in tho Halifax Museum.

Stephanolepis 8ETIFER, Bean. Monocanthua aetifer.
Ounth. Occasional specimens are taken in shore
waters. The Rev. John Ambrose kindly foi-warded
one to the author about twelve years ago which was
secured at St. Margaret's Bay. It is described in
Trans. N. S. Inst. Nat. Sc, Vol. I., Pt. 1, p. 53.

Fam. OYMNODOl^ES.
ROTUNDA, Cuv. Sun-fish. Ch'thagoriacua mola,
Gunth. Rare. A specimen five feet six inches in
length taken in Halifax Harbour, October, 1873.
Described by Dr. Gilpin, Trans. N. S. Inst. Nat. Sc,
Vol. III., p. 343.

Fam. AOIPENSERID^.
AciPENSER STURio, L. Sturgeon. Occasionally taken.

Fam. LAMNID^.

Alopias vulpes (Z.) Bon. Alopecias vvlpea, Gunth.
Thresher. Occasionally taken in fishing nets, to their
great detriment. A fine specimen in the collection
of King's College, Windsor, N. S.

Cetorhinus maximus (L.) Blainv. Basking Shark. Sel-
ache maacima, Gunth. From descriptions given by
different observers we have no doubt as to the occur-
rence of this species on the coast.

Fam. SPINACID^.

Squalus acanthias, L. Dog-fish. Acanthias vulgaris,
Gunth. Common on the fishing grounds.

Centroscyllium Fabriqii {Rein) Mull. & Henle. Fishing-
banks off the CO

(U.

'.)

10

»1 '''^''^'^^:^"l^<^^^.^. Boca,e fe «„rffo. Abundant
on tho fishing banks off tlio coast (U. S F C 1

n o on y specimen of this varo nbithcrn form the
authoi WMiad the opportunity of examining, Zs
taken off Halifax Harbour in Febn.ar)-, 1803 ami
-«or<led the. following ,lose,vti„„ ,_B„' ly fusiW '

^ tt. 4 in.; at posterior extreme of first dorsal 1 ft
1 ) in. ; from posterior extreme of second dorsal 8 Un •
at caudal base. G in. Skin covx.-ed with osseous'

^luall mucous pores, .^tending back 11 inches from
snout, over which lay the transparent jell'like fl" d
they usually emit. Head; breadth over'^.yes 1 ft
■5 m Eyes, diameter 2 in,, bearing no pupiflaVap
pondages, and distant from point o^f snout H 7 Z
fvom ten^poral orifices, 3| in. Temporal orifices

ant f,om point of sno^t 1 ft. 3 in. ; extent U in •
- Ith I in. Bronchial apertures, five in numbe , the'
posterior opening situate at the base of pectorals, and
distan from frontal extreme 2 ft. 4 in., is 4 in Ion
and SI uate 14 in. from the eyes. Nostrils situat
beneath and distant from snout point. G in • extent
3 in. Mouth : vertical cranp HJ L r • .' ? '

19 in Tf . ."^^^ S&P^, ^ m. ; horizontal gape,

^2 in Back: carinated from anterior base of tifs
dorsal to an extent,of 1 ft. 4 in. forwards. Pectora
commence immediately behind posterior ^-111 S
ape. ure; width at base. 9 in. ; extent 1 ft 4 ^^
Ventrals commence 3 ft. G in. from posterior base of
pectorals; width at base. Gin.; ext'ent, 8 L Fir
dorsal conimences 4 ft. 7 in. from snout point • wi U
at base, 11 m. ; extent how "ntr-fn- '-. .'''' ™^^
X ,0 • . f ■ . " ""tt.ioi uase toextremi-

ty, 18 m. , from posterior base to ^immit, 5^ in. ;

1

m

04.
95.

9G.

97

«

Jl

11

Abundant
F. C.)

Lnd Shark.
I fonn thu
ining, wa^

1803, and
' fusiform,
>ut to can-
st part, a

aperture,
Jisal 1 ft.
i«al 8i in.;
h osseous

series of
Jhes from
•like fluid
yes, 1 ft.
llary ap-
1 in., and
orifices,

and dis-
>t l.| in. ;
nber, the
•rals, and

in. long
: situate
; extent,
^1 gape,

of first
'ectorals
I'anchial
ft. 4 in.
base of
. First
; width
xtremi-

51 in. ;

m

f.

94.
95.

9G.

97.

loose, flapper-like extreme of fin extends 7 in. beyond
the posterior base, and lies close upon the back.
Second dorsal commences 2 ft. 2 in. from posterior
base of first dorsal ; height at posterior base, 4 in. ;
length, 14 in. ; width at base, 7 in. ; loose flapper-
like extreme extends G^ in. beyond the posterior
base, and lies close upon the back, as the first
Caudal commences 12 in. from posterior base of
second dorsal ; extreme span, 2 ft. 7 in. ; upper
lobe, extent, 28 in. ; lower lobe, 1G\ in. Lower lobe
commences 3 in. in advance of upper ; carinated at
base • '^arinal ridge, two inches from lower surface,
and . .r inches from the upper surface.

Fam. RAIIDiE,

Rata radiata, Don.

R. GRANULATA, Gill. M. S. This new species is given in

Messrs. Goode & Bean's List of N. E. American

Fishes (1879) as occurring on LaHave fishing-bank.
R. L.EVIS, Mitch. Barn-door skate. Dr. Gilpin informs us

that this species occurs on the west coast , Bay of

Fundy.

Fam. PETR0MYZ0NTID.1?.
Petromyzon marinus, L. Lamprey. Not uncommon ;
generally found as ■& parasite on the gadoids.

«

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