IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) / ^ % ^;^ ^ gUKHKf AND NOHTII-EAHT •rHRIUT(»RV. au.l cluy, ..noi. upwunlH ,,<• f|(ty ll-ot l.it'li. Miicl. of the vhy ^li.,w^ • liHliiict ovidciKo of Miatidfutioii, nn.l tl,,. ,|i»l\-ivrit I.wIh hit ht'oii lii^lilv *-niiii|il(H| mill fulilctl. Ik-lwcoii Ihc-c l.ank.H. t|,o rivor. varying' from oiii> to two liiimln-l yiu-dn ill biva.ltli. (lows with a -.wilt an.l ov«ii cunriH, and \h joined hv a numhcr of Biiiall MtmniiN on oithoi-Hido. tho chief one hoin^' lh« Nw|K-o IfiviT, which flowH from the eastward and joiim tho main Htrcam at tlio lica,di. About thirty mile* up tho river and north wanis, the eouiitrv has been tiavei-Hod by lh'(|iiciit and extensive fiivs. which have lott' very little of the ori^'iiiiil forest, the region boiii/,'. ti-r lb.- must part, covered I with Heeond-.i,'rowth timber of aspeniK)plar. white biirh. Imnksian pino, and spruce, none of whi.li has atlaiiicl a lar^'e si/e. The lirM fall is forinod by lw(. ebutes, each boiri^' about fifty feet lii^di, with a wliirlpool Iwtwoen tlioni, into which a lar^o number of K)j;s have, from time t.. lime, been carriwl, and before escapin^r from its infliionee, haviii^r been so broken and bruised as to be until for commercial pur- poses, remain pilcHl up on t!io shore. AlM)ve this tiill the river runs N. .•{((' W., and continues in this direction for fen milcH. with n sluKWish current. Tho hills (ui either side rise to elevations from 8(H) to 1,(100 foot above its level, being tor the most jiart bare or covererth-ia«l, lli*> rivoi-, (or a r|ii |nil^<^, lnvukH ill a siraijrlit line thioiiu'li tho lial.nMloiilr UWU, which loini iihnoNi vtM-tii'iil walln on either xiiK', rixiiitf I'lom two to tour huny iho river IMt miU-s from the wea. Thin hike in vury irregular in »ha|ie, beiiijj lull o|' iloep biiy«. and Uki- has at) area of over KlO «i(|uare miles. The Heisiamiles IJiver llows """"" through il on the east side, the flistaneo lietwe<'h inlet and outlet heiii^t nitie miles. Hovorai other Hmallur riverH ami numerous lir(X)kH aUo empty into the lake. The shores of tho lake ai»' primipally low, hut in places are roeky. anil rise in elevations of one to two liunilre .L.t- wns again divided, Mr. Hignell, with two canoes and four 'men, going -^'f- '''«"'■"■ hy the Ik'tHJaniites Kiver to Lake Mamnian, hy way of Lake Manoiuinis. while I. with five canoes and eight men, procioder ninotoon iniloH, eourne nortli, tl.riiUKl. Movoral KHiall lakon an.l l.ru..kH to av..i.l a lonK Lend in the river full of iai»i.l8 an.l iniprai-lihlo Ibr cunoo travel. The rivor wan aKnin reacho.1 alH>nt one mile helow Loko Manoimn an.l .•..nlinuinu' "p it wo onloriHl that lake Ootobor :{r v\r.. nmHMi.loil (1,0 liil.iitary from tlio woMt nix milon to a Hinall liiko vvlii.l,, hoin^r (1,1111.1 purtly no/,..n ..v«r, we woro c.nniu.ll.Ml i., .li,,.,,,,' Iinuo our n,i,o« voyiiKi' ..n Orlul,,..- J.lnl. A pi-nnannnl camp wan Wi,,u.r ,■.,„„. Ih.-n Joi-mwl, aii.l Mr. l%n('ll Joiruxl iis on NovoiiiIkt »tli, ho liavinj,' Leon Moppo.1 by ico on tho l'oHl...iika, alx.ut filiwn milon from Lakr OniKin^iiii. AHor making toLogKiin- »'or (ho tmiiKport of pmviHions an I oiiKK Mii.l UH iioiio of our party know (ho roiilo to Lako MiHtaHMini, awaiting' tho arrival of a mii.K", wo lolt Iho oamj. Novoinhor 27th, an.l mrivo.! at tho IIoi«ht of Laii^l Dooomhor Oth. Tho roiito travoM..! follows the I'larioh, which (lowM throiii^ii a ohaiti of largo lakes lyin^ botwoon raiiKOH of low hills Mrotohini,' from north to south. Thosr hills havo an avora^'o ,.|ovati<)n of not inoio than (itty loot ahovo tho watoi-Iovol Tholan.lnoar tho lakes, which oovor tlio ^roator part of tho surtiico of (ho ooiuitry, is of a swampy oharactor, cla.l with a thick growth of small black spruce and larch, >m\ is wholly unfit tor purposes of agri- culture. The (iistanee fiom tho lake eamp to tho JIei;rht of J.an.l is about forty miles, course noiirly west. Tho lakes are well Htoeked with fish, (iamo is not abundant. Fow .lucks wore seen on account of tho absence of proper feodin^r-Kioun.ls, ami no traces of mo-mo or •■aribou wore met with. U.'i crossinK the lIoi^Mit of Lan.l, we doscen.lod about 300 foot in twelve miles (o Lake Tomiscamie, a lomr lake runniny imrth and Uk. south, varyin^r from one to three miles in width and very deep, ^n '''"'"'"'"°'''' outpost fr..m the Mistassini ostablishmont was f..rmorl\ localo.l heio l.y the Hudson Bay (Jompany, but was abandoned som'e years back, as tho In.lians formerly trading hero have either died" or become accustomo.l to take their furs to Lake St. John for sale. Following the Tomiscamie J{ivor rt.)winjL,' out of tho lake, which i.«ke empties through Lake Mistassinis (Little Mistassini) into the great ■^"'""'''"'' lake, for a distance of six miles, wo passed through a very crooked lake about four miles long, and then ontinuo.l d.)wn the rivcu- six niile-s, where we followed a portage route two miles long, and thus reiiched tho north-east end of Luko Mistassinis on I)ocombor"i:{th. The general ourse from Lake Tomiscamie to this point is west-north-west. The river continues almost parallel to the lake, an.l empties into it on tho east side about thirty miles from its north end, running out again on tho opposite side some distance farther north. Lake Mistassinis, or Little Mistassini, is about fifty miles from north- east to south-west, lying parallel to the great lake, and is from one to eight miles wide, six miles being near the average breadth. We passed down the east side to near the south-west end, whore we uke Mi.tas.inl crossed, and following a portage route through two small lakes about 4 to I) •v'UKBEr ANI» NORTH-EAST TKHRtTORY. i'nxv milos long in nil, thus reu.-I.ed L.iko Mistasnini at a point uIkiuI thirty nuios to tho north-oa.st ..f the II„<1ho„ Bay post. By passin.r doNV-n tho oast nhoro wo an-ivc.l at tho j.ost on Deeon.ber 2;{,..i, thus hmsh.ng a Imi- and difficult tramp on snowshoos, Imvin- walked fur t le last ten days of tho journey on ve.-y short rations, with tho thormonietor ranging to forty degrees below zero. Shortly after our arrival I made arrangements with Mr. Miller, tho gentleman in charge of tho post, by whi.-h I obtained quarters in his House, and there set up the in.arumentsand took regular meteorological otuwa. "^V'"^; li'"' ''t-\eral disagieom.ints with Mr. JJignell regarding tho n|.eration8 of the party, I determined to return to Ottawa! and bavin- arranged with Mr. Miller to continue the meteorological obsorvati.,ns durmg my absence, I left on the 2n^e.l from it by a short portage 1'> lAikv Ashouapmuuciiouan, .April irnh. Here, having replenished our stock of j)rovisionB, we continued uj) the Nikaubau Jliver, thi'ough Lake Nikaubau and several smaller lakes, following the route laid down on liiehardson's map, and reached the Height of Land. (Jiossing this, wo soon I'cached l.akoOl.atig(.man. and, having passed along its eastern shore four miles, we pass»'d overland to Lake Chibou- gamoo, arriving there on the 20th of April. Tj, to this time the,,^, weather, being cold and clear, was very favorable for travelling, but *^ "^' we were now overtaken by a period of mild weather, which made the snow so soft and heavy as to render trampin,' ith loads almost im|.o.s- siblo. In addition to this wo were short of p. jsions, and on the l'4th [decided to send (bur men ahead without loads, with instructions to reach the Hudson Bay post on Mistassini and send buck provisions irom there. Tlie^e men travelled ovo." sixty miles in forty hours, without tlxxl, and thus reached the post. From here two Indians were sent back with provisions to relieve us, and arrived at our camp, on the cast side of Lake Chebougamoo, April 28th. Ccmtinuing our jcmrnov from this point, we roachel the post next day. On arriving at Mistassini I found Mr. ]}igncll encamped there, with .Arrival ut about half his party, the remainder being engaged bringing in ,ho *^'"'""'"''- canoes left on the I'eribonka at the close of navigation. During my absence Mr. Hignell had returned to Lake Onistagan, and continued his survey from that point to the entiance of the Temiscamie JJivcr into Lake Mistassinis. Mr. Eignells party and my men were unable to move until Mav 28th, owing to the breaking up of the ice and the opening of naviga- tion. Mr. Hignell, with bis party, then descended to Lake St. John, while I sent six men, with three canoes, to Lake Ashoua].mouchouan, to bring in the provisions drawn and stored there during the winter. After a very rough and dangerous trip, owing to tho si)ring freshets in tho rivers, the mon returned on the 27th of .luiie. Mr. Macoun and myself were employed during their absence in keeping meteorological observations, determining the latitude of the post, and in collecting specimens of, and making notes on, the natural history of tho vicinity. Having engaged two Indians as guides, we left tho post June 30th, and, ])aBsing up the lake, I'oached the end of Mr. McOuafs survey on the west side, three miles beyond the discharge of the lake, on July 3rd. i 12 n QUKBEC AND NORTH-EAST TERRITORY, Having dotomined the latitude of this point, wo continued the sur- vey to the north end, and thence back down the east side, connecting again with McOuafs survey at the "Eig Narrows." The distances wore measured with a Rochon micromoter, the angles with a transit theodolite, and frequent observations for latitude wore made with the wextant as a check on the scaling. Having completed the survey of the lake, we returned to tho Jlud- e.,n IJay post July 22nd. Being short of provisions, in consequence of one-half of our supply of pork having been stolen by Indians from tho camp at Lake Ashouapmouchouan, I now determined to send my men back to Lake St. John. Mr. Macoun and myself remained at tho post until the arrival of tho Hudson Bay ('ompany's canoes from Rupert House, and had made arrangements to descend the Kupert Itivor with them on tholr return trip to James Bay. This delayed us till the 22nd of August Pt^re Charles Albancl. L.\KE MiSTASSINI. The first person who has loft any written account of his explorations of Lake Mistassini was Fdvo Charles Albancl, a Jesuit missionary who crossed it, in 1672, on his way from Lake St. John to Hudson Bay which he reached by descending tho Rupert River. The following account of his exploration is taken from the " Rela- tions des Jesuits dans la Nouvelle France," vol. iii, pp. 49-50, entitled "Voyage do la Mer du Nord par terre, et la d(5couvorte do la Baio do Hudson. Mission de Saint Frantois-Xavier, on 1611 et 1672 Pere Chas. Albanel :"— " Lo 18 (Juno) nous ontrasmes dans le grand Lac des Mistassirmins qu'on tient esti-o si grando qu'il faut vingt jours do beau temps pour en faire le tour. Co Lac tire son nom des rochers dont il est remplj-, qui sont d'une prodigieuso grossour ; il y a quantity de tres belles iles du gibier, et dupoissons do toute espece, les orignaux, los ours, los caribous, le pore-epic, et les castors y sont en abondance. Nous avions d^ja fait six lioiies au travors des iles qui Tentrecoupont, quand .1 aperyeu commo uno dminonce de terre d'aussi loin que la voue so pout estendre; jo demand uy a nos gens si c'estoit vers cot ondroit qu'ils nous ialloit allor ? ' Tais-toy,' mo dit nostre guide, ' no le regarde point, si tu ne veux perir.' " Les sauvagcs de toutes cos contrdes s'imaginont quo quiconque vout traverser ce lac so doit soigneusemont gardor de la curiosity do regardor cette route, et principalemont lo lieu ou Ton doit aborder son eeul aspect, disont-ils cause I'agitation des oaux, ot forme dostompestes qui font transir de frayeur les plus assurer." V i low.] r,AXE MISTAS.SIM. 13 u -Miclmux. The above i« nil that Wro Alhanel haH written concerning the lal was i By tJu« r.vor a canoe route f,.,es to a Hu.lBon J% polt «! ^ V j ooon, s.tuutcKl on a branch of the East Main U or to fi .^ This^rea.nf..,s rapid-, durin, the ^^y^LOC^i^^oZ^T:;^ ho other rners running into the lake, which. tai Mcnn Icmiiornturo liiRhcnt ii'iniicrniiiro . . i in I/iwcft fciiirKTiiluro ;"i _R« M'liilhl.vniiiK,. L" Mpiui in|i.ximiimtfiiipenitiiro!'i -(rt 1 .V».nl».r„^',"rr,,in;; ' ' *' * "'»■•'' »< « Niiinl)er(if iliivn' «i>n_ .A j^- • ^■( April. May. j Juno. I July. !au^„. 01 !M ffi.3 -111 Ha irto -18.0 i; ■■■ ■", 'i".i" ruin Number ..(fair (lay, •••, ,':; Re»ul.H„t .lirec.io,, of ■wi.id.iiN.lv'E. N.S6»E.'x.7Y»K.'n.20°E. 13 1!» 7.') 30 6 IfiO 146 4 H Ki 42 3 M I 08 77 530 at 3 24 .1 17 2 12 53.1 71) :« 49 «4 7 3' ""'^' lar«o h.kf.s ":;;;;,:: '^zzrzt:': ■""":"■ "'"■■■ '"- -'■ ™-^; r . ..cp^^:^ r„r:,t ^^"r "t' °'vt'- '"'^•■'■"■■'' »""""«'■ ''^» blo».l. Tim' he ■ "in J 7 °" ""' "'■° """ "'■ '"" « '"■""" "»».■ ...;.i 0.1,0,. ,„,,vi,j,, .„a ...ticio: of :i„t,;t; "" ""•""""•'" "■■"■ co.d„c,. .he cL,.eh .r^ „t Sr^Sel^^""'' ""' °' *' '°^'»"" 18 I. •iUKHEO AND N0RTII-EA8T TEKRITORV. General DEMCRiPTroN ok thk Kupkrt Bivkb. 'As the journey from Lako MiHtassini to Huport House wan hurried, and con8e<|Ucntly laigo ureas of country wore passed over in a short Hpace of time, I will, in the following, give extracts from my daily journal en route: — August 22i.d.~Mr. Macoun and myself loft the Hudson Bay post at Mistassini at 4 p.jn., in a large canoe, with ten men paddling, and camped for the night at the "Big Narrows," eighteen miles from the post. August 23rd.~Started at daybreak, and crossed the lake to the west Hide ; proceeded up the shore to the Portage Bay, distant ten miles Kuj,ert Kiver. t»"oni the outlet of the river. Here, passing over a low, rocky ridge, by a portage two hundred yards long, wo entered the Eupert River! and descended it a distance of ten miles, in a course of N. 16° W., to a short portage, crossing a long point, made to avoid heavy rapids in tho river. Camped on the portage. The outlet of Lake Mistassini is about one hundred yards wide. Immediately below this the river spreads out, and forms numerous channels between the islands with which it is covered. The river is so covered, and has a breadth varying from one-quarter to two miles, as far as the last portage. The surrounding country is almost flat', with low, rounded hills, never exceeding fifty feet elevation above the level of the river. The timber is principally black spruce and white birch, with poplar, tamarac and banksian pine ; all of small size, never having a diameter exceeding six inches, three feet from the ground. Timber burnt near the portages. August 24th.— Continued down the river, now narrowing to a breadth varying from one hundred yards to one mile, having a swift current with several small rapids which are passed by portages ia ascending the river. The river continues full of small rocky islands. Distance travelled to-day thirty miles in a general northerly course. The ■country passed is not so flat as yesterday, some hills rising from seventy-five to one hundred feet above the river. The prevailing timber is black spruce, birch.^banksian pine and tamarac, all of small size. The greater part of the south-west side has been burnt, and is covered with a second-growth of white birch. The north-east shore is unbm-nt, and black spruce predominates. Heavy gale from the^west, with showers of lain, all day, making it very cold and disagreeable to travel. 25th — Continued down the river eleven miles to Lake Miskittenow, through the east end of which the river flows. i + ■LOW.] HI'I'EIIT KrVEK. 1!) I. iH hurriod, in II short my daily ay poHt ut dling, and from th« 0 the west ten mileH :ky ridge, art River, 16° W., t •"".•!< and call.lMisIdt.onow Mountain' "" -"-l"^-'ous land- distance, forty-.soven miles; direction N fiOMV T^^ «fty feet in elevation. Mu 11^ b„ ^1^." "'' "" 'i"'^'"' ""'^ vious days. The timber was v ry sm 1 no ^1 "' " h" ''^"'? ^" J-''^" in diameter, throe foot fromfl! I' 1 exceeding six inches Wack 8pruce Afew Il.i ? ^"■'""'^' ''"'^ '•^"^'^^^^ principally of bank dLi:;^he a^rol '^''^"^-'^^-^^ -- -en on the lo'w ^ver Bive:p7sS:r?hrgV?::;Ses caur"^ f y - ^^^ ^-- Te-say-kow, Cooper's Id Gui, 'in ' T^^''^'*"'^'^ ' Ka-we-wat-in-ou, L.k.. rapids in the river Tofal d ll. ^ ' ^''''^'' ^'''' '"''''^^ ^'"al Country flatter han ,^s te da^rd^ T "1'"'' '"•"'*'-' ^- ^^ ' and tamarac, with iXblrfh V?"' Vr'^'^^'^'^^''»«^^«P'-<'« «nd swampy or bare rock • ^«* "^"^^^ b"™t Innd. Soil poor I 21) n yiKHKC ANI> NOIITII-KAST TIRRITonV. 2'M.h. — CiintiniUKl down tlio Marten Kivor, panwini; five Hmall chuton by porlugoH, tlio af,'grfgut<' fttll in Hovonloon milos lioinj; one hundroil and ten fi'ut. „ . Iltiv tho Marten orilcrs the UiiiuTt Hivei-. I'a.-Hin.r down tliu Ho-cnicr 1 • 1 1 1 I Umnii Rivii. Rupert, wluch liore lias an aveiaj^o broadtli id" oiiedialf mile, tho Niteldcnon l)ran<'Ii wan j»a>si'd, two ami a-lialf niilcH below, Hy tliiw rivor the canoe.s bound Cor (be Hudson Hay post at Nitebi- coon, on the Eunt Main Rivor, leave tbe IJupert, and rwieb tbat river through a HyHtem of lakes similar to tbat parsed on the Marten. Continuing down tiio itujicrt, with a swift current, tor six miles, a fall and rapid of twenty feot is passed by a |)ortage ont'dialf ndle long; thonc'o the river runn with a wwiff current tiirco miles, to the entrance UkcXemlscowof LaUo Xemiskow. Passing down Ibc lake eight miles, wo camped on a small island, where the Hudson liay Company have stored a sup- ply' of ]»rovisiona for tho Indians wintering in tho vicinity. The country passed through to-day was much lower than yosforday, being nearly Hat ; the timber much the same, with morn second-growth birch and poplar of suuill size. Lake XennsUow is silted up by the detiitus brought down l)y tho rivor for a distance of two milos beyond where wo camped, and is characterized by low islands and sand-banks, clad with willow-bush and reeds, through which a channel, half a milo wide, rune, 3()th, — Proceeded down the lake to an oncam]>mont of Indians from Kuport JloHso, who were engage'-«- '«««; .1.0.,. ,hreo..,uar.crs of u mile o tho third chute of tifty foot, passed by a portage of half-a-milo nd down heavy rapi.ls to the last portage, over rapi.ls with a fall of thirty toot in quarter .>f a milo. •"" oi The country was highoi- today and the soil bottor. Tho timber was .nuch larger. Balsam-poplar was Hrst soon .inco ioaving msta Un also balsani-spruco, with tho oxeoption of a few troos on ,ho Ma ton t , nver mentioned above. White spruce, having a diamotor of tw"n y " at Tho l-ours." Very little of tho timber is burnt. The eon n try Bcoms to be descending in a series of low torraoos, similar t.. th..seso n on to shores of the St. Lawronoo Bivor ; each fall on tho Rupert b n^ <>aused by tho passage of tho rivor over an escarpment ^ Soptombor2nd.-For seven miles tho rivor flows with a moderate SlXh ''^^ '" "^'*" "P''' ^''--1"'^'-t«- of a milo long, to tie Shokash portage, one and a-quartor miles long, passing a rapid am o uto of seventy-fivo feet. Beyond this, the modoratf current con tinues for ton miles, ^vhon another chute of twenty foot is passed by the Cat portage, one-quarter mile long, The nvor then agahflows I '^9 «/l BBKC ANI* NORTII-KA8T f illHi TORy. MAN /'^om wenty to forty foot higlf lonsdy woo.|.,.l wi,|. lar^a lH.phu- u,.| M.ito ......Ko ; bolow IhiH, .h« ...un.ry bcvan... very lla, „n.l Hw«mpy,oov.re. with .n,.,, ,„.,.k Hpn,... ta.nunu. »„.! ho....'..,,..:, poplai. f.onoial coiir.o(iavdliMl.lunr.«tluMlay \ 70" W Hn ok.H I rap,.| l,avn,K u lull ..f twen.y-fivo Coot, an.l puHHo.l l.y a H .• a^o o ..no nulo. Hdon, ,|.o rivo,. .„„. wi.I. a nunlo «,o curr „ .. ..„ .n.los w,KM. „.o last ,.api.|. ,.no mile long. witl. u-n foot Tall. , IcllS'. "'"■'' '"" '""' "'"' ""'""■' """"' """ '""" '^«'<'^. ^v."* Rup.r, Ho..,,. Rxi'crt IIouhc Ih Hit.mted at tho mouth ol tho riv.r, whi.-h emptio- into Huport "uy, an oxfuiMo,, of .fames Mav At fhiH point tho rivor has a wi.lth of upwards of nno mil., and ,lis- .»t otirwa '""' '""■ ''"'""•*^'' •"'""' ^" ^''"' "♦■'•'" Ottawa Uivcr Tho country hotwe.n Pium-Pud.lin^^ Ifapid nn.l the mouth of the .■ivcr iH very flat and swampy, oovered wi(h o,dv u fair growth of tnnbor. I ho sod is cidorty a heavy elay, and i« generally too wet and cold tor agricultural purposoH. At Rupert ir««8e, garden vegetables are eultivatcd with fair sueeess ; ha.ley is also grown, but .eido.n ripens, owing to (he shortness of the. onson and trosfs during the m.mn.er. At Rupert Iloune our seasons ^tlZV ^^"'•'\7"^ <-nm,>loted, aud wo hastened to return to Ottawa. We wore not able to lotivo, however, until the nth, when wc oros^ed tho foot of James Hay to Moose Factory, a distance of one hundred and twenty miles, ,n a largo canoe, with six men. Tho water of the bay is very shallow; so n>ueh so, that when the tide is out, nothing but mud flai un^r^Jur ''i"^'"^ ^^' '"■^''^ ^^'"d^-Moo.e Factory was not reachnd un _1 he 14th. Havmg here changed our canoe for a smaller oa. with three men, we started up the Moose River ne.xt day, and re. ».,.,i Dog Lake at tho Height of Land, on tho 29th. Here takin^ the Canadian PaciHc Railway, we arrive.1 in Ottawa October 2nd. (teolooical Notes. an^fW • '''^"""^ ''*'!^" comparatively small area« of Huronian and CamL lar, ■, ound -n the vicinity of Lake Mistassini, tho Lau- rentiangneiM., -d osK^.ated rocks occupy the whole country from this expedite..., v- ,,heso rock., tho red gneiss, composed of led i *i , r \ f. a P c] M r( i^.J '.Kur.OOK'AI, OHnk. V4TI0N«. 23 t. I t , orthodttH.. «,.c.v .,ua.-u an.l l.laok n.i..., ,.r,.'»i»snn.i Im tho lollovvi,,^ p„«„, „ ,i„t«ilo.l HUtomont nf (ho .■...■ks „.ot with ;:n::i':C':;t:"'" "'-" ' "■■ "- ■ '•■ '■■ ''■•'■■ «"«"'"' T).. rock. Hio HrHt noon ..n fhu «..tHia,ni(„s, .cvon iniloH fr„m its he Luurontmr. .•«„«., arc cnton.,!. Bo.w.on .his ,,oi,.l an.l tho .ouh, Th.. Hnt hundml feo. of th. oxpoHuro is .l„..k-rc-<'y «neiss, co,npo.sed of li.ht^grev orthoelase, black mica and a small quantity of quart.. Dip s. .;o° il Then, two miles to courHe-grainod red gneiss, some of which exhibits no ..gns of bedding, and renembles the granit'e. The leng I o th exposure is about two hundre-l yards. Two miles beyond is fi," grain^ed^grey and red gneiss, the former predominating. Dip x\. (Ji.^ No outcrops now ocour on the river for twenty-one miles, when the follomng hne exposure was s^on. The section, in ascending orde, i! r«'o S 'J^? ''1l The next exposure occurs on the river at the end of the ten-mile ortage, and consists of bull and red gneisses. These butf rocks a"-e o2rT7r'"T '' '" '•"'' ''''' ^"'^-^P-- b-"^ e'firsT f?,i'"' "^' "'' '■''"■ ''''^'•'"^' ^'^'^ ''''^^' ""^' «%-«!g'>l "Hies from l>o f, St fall, occurs an outcrop of pink crystalline limestone, coarselv g..muar n. structure, and containing crystals of nuca and spi.ene ' A short (hstanco beyond is a .lark grey stratified dioritic rock com posed ch.eHy of quart, hornblende ami triclinic feld.np u and n" t" ot a bluibh-grey plageoclase. j "<■>*>» No exposures now occur on the river for thirteen miles, to where the H.x mdes to Luke Pipmuakin. The first rock here seen was a bluish t . gvoy mass.ve plageoclase feldspar, containing large cr>stals of tie '" same mmend. This is tbUowed by a dark bhdsh-bLk fl^u Lc^ V tl' Lornblendc. Half a n>ile beyond, a gneiss, made up of pi ge ! se quartz and mica, occurs, and is followed by coarse-grainecl tu'k P^eoclase rock, weathering grey, and containi^, grains^of mag:!:;it One mile from Lake Pipmuakin wa.s seen a dark grey triclinic feld «pur rock, weathering to a light yellow. Dip S. 7o4:. <70° At Vlt point a conspicuous fault occurs on the south side of the river tie h.11 IS l^ken through its centre, and the east side has subsid^ 'r^ The above rocks are probably part of the area of plageoclase rock faced by Mr. F. Adams to the north and east of Lake St. John Thev co^muea out three miles along the north-west shore of Lake Pi;' muak.n, where they give place to a coarse-grained red gneiss, and just h jond a dark grey orthoclase gneiss. The contact bet;een ' he i^irdtu;::^."" ''- -''-'-- ^-'- - - -^^^^ One mile beyond the last exposure is a light grey quartzite contain- ing considerable quan, .aes of black mica, with'a strike of ^Tw Ihiss followed ua two miles by dark grey fine-grained gneiss com- JS.iO L. <75 . At the entrance of the north-west bay was seen red and grey gneiss, changing in colour with the different^prono t ons of quarz hornblende and orthoclase. .Similar e.xposures'occC on the ^mall islands m the bay and at the mouth of the Pipmuakin River 26 D QUEBEC AND NORTH-EAST TEKRFTORY. I'robablo Huronian Oonglomerali'. jMii'a Many boulders of a conglomerate were seen strewn along the shore- ot the lake, having a matrix of cryntalline limestone, holding gneiss pebbles. No rock exposui-es were observed along the Piprauakin Kivor, although near the point where the portage route leaves it for the Manoiian Eiver, loose angular blocks of a white crystalline lime- stone are scattered over the surface, and evidently not much travelled On the third and fourth lakes of th' Manouan i)ortago, the ordinary red and grey gneisses, composed of quartz, hornblende and orthoclase were seen, having a dip S. 60° W. <'70°. The next exposure occurs on the Manouan Eiver, a shoi-t distance- above the point where we entered it. The rock here seen was a dark green hornblendic gneiss, holding considerable quantities of magnetic iron. Dip S. 60° E. <70°. Exposures of similar gneiss occur along the river as far as the portage to Luke Manouan. In these the darker- varieties, containing largo proportions of hornblende, predominate, and the greater number show signs of magnetite present. On the fifth lake of the Lake Manouan portage route, a greyish- gi-een crystalline limestone, containing large crystals of mica and hornblende, was found interstratified with the red gneiss. Some of the- mica crystals found on the surface were six by four inches in diameter, and quite Ht for purposes of commerce. The limestones were seen a* intervals along the route for a distance of three miles. Beyond this no exposures occur until Lake Manouan is reached. On the north side of the lake, three exposures of dark grey horn- blendic gneiss were seen, having a dip N. 10° E. <60°. At the first lake on the portage route from Lake Manouan to the Peribonka Eiver, an outcrop of red fine-grained gneiss occurs. Dip S. 30° W. <40°. Nothing further was seen until the inlet of Lake Onistagan, on the- Peribonka Eiver, was reached, the rock here being dark grey horn- blende-gneiss. Fifteen miles farther up the river is coarse-^-ained red and grey gneiss, containing a largo proportion of quartz. Strike- N. 30° W. At each of the small rapids beyond this point, light grey gneiss, composed chiefly of quartz and hornblende, with .small quantities of orthoclase, was seen. From the Peribonka Eiver to Lake Mistassini, but few exposures were observed, as the country at the time we ti-avorsed it was covered with snow, which probably hid some of the few outcrops occurring. The last exposure of gneiss was seen at the Crookeil Lake, on the- Temiscamie Eiver, beyond the Height of Land ; the next exposure being Cambrian limestone, on Lake Mistassinis, so that the junction of the two formations lies between these points. To the westward, on the Ashouapmouchouan and Mistassini Eivers, similar Larontian rocks extend all the way from Lake St. John to the . i low.] i (lEOI.OGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 27 I> W^ 'L^T'' ""*! ^'"^ ''"'"''^^ ''^ ^'^^ Reports of the Cxcological Xoc'i.T " ''''"'' '" '''''"'■ ""'"'-'''^ ■'-' ^^^^•'"^' tionTti'"''' "^'"''^'[^"""^ '^ '""y bo concluded tl.at, with the oxcen- tion of the comparative y small areas of Qumbro-Silurian rocks in tie neighborhood of Lake St. John, and perhaps similar small ar as a other pomts not yet explored, all the rocks between the Gulf of S Lawrence and the Height of Land are of Laurentian age. And the. e rocks probably extend far beyond to the shores of fludson St aits occupy,ngthe greater part of the Labrador peninsula, with but ibw u-eas of newer rock overlying. On the west side of Luke MistL n7 ndZ:i?T"" "' ^"""' ^"'"^'"■^°" ''^'^l"-'^' orthoclasc, mi a and liornb lende, appear with a general strike of N. 30° E. The snuoe between Crooked Lake and this side being overlaid by the faLb i n hmestones which extend to the western shore of the lake. On the ^ZZr^ZT ''!''/°''*^-««-«'-'^'"«l '•'^^1 ^-neiss predominates over ,he nner-grained varieties. tan'te below^riaV ^'^ •''"'"' '"' ''''^''' ""'"''''' ^^^ ''-• ^-- ^'i- hrnKI. 7' ^'"'''^'' ^^"taining larger quantities of dark green lunning S. 10 W., penetrates the red gneiss and holds gneissio fi-v ments near the plane of junction ^ gneissic ti.ig- Ho'^fso filllrn" ''',"T' ^l^^ «^P«-'-^« '"•« fewer; the last is at the House Rapid one mile above Rupert House and consists of the com- mon red gneiss. Strike W. 10° S. K'xient of r.iiiirentian rock.". Triipdyke. HURONIAN. thn^r^'i,*'^/"?' ''™''''' '^ '^' ^P'^^^''^ ^"J ^J^lo'-'tic slates of the Shickshock .Mountains and the Jv^stern Townships is seen fir a^K>u forty miles southwest of the southern extremity'ofLXMi:^ n the r Jo . r ^r ^'"^ ^""^ '^''''''^"-^ by 3L-. Richardson L In exT, cf" '"^ ""'"''' '"• ''''■"' ''•'^'" ^^'-'^ ^^'^ following K..HaH.„. IS an extract : — » report. a"on^ 1^1 ewt; TT' ^^e country along the line examined, to a'ld no^.^f ^"'';^°7''^^"";t«he, including Lake Chi bogomou an.i the lakes and Cafstl Te hT'fT"^^"'^" ^'"^'-^'^ ''^'^"^^ '>'^"-^ south-u j:f outi t f T :. w . '^ """^ '"'^'^ "^ '''b^"^ two miles beyond the whirl ./'''"^'''^''"^"'•'>' ^•^"'- '"''^^ i" « straight ifne from ated tH """', '"I '^'''''''' °" ^^'^-^ Abatagomaw. ' As ..heady stated, the rocks of this series are met with almost immed ate y 4 28 D (iUEBEO AND NORTH-EAST TERRITORY. succeeding the Laurontian, near the north end of Lake Abatagomaw. Beyond tliis, they arc well seen in a narrow bay running for several miles in a direction nearly cast, whei'c they occur both on the shore of the bay and on islanda. The rocks hei-o are green chloritic slates. In some places they contain crystals of hornblende, and are occasion- ally interstratified with dolomitic beds, weathering brown. The dip along this stretch is from N. 31° W. to N. 3° E. <44° to C,S°. On file tirst portage beyond this bay there are considerable exposures of tiattoncd spheroidal or reniform masses, from a few inches to upwards of a foot in diametoi-. They are made up of an indurated greenish and |)urplish argillaceous rock, wliich is jaspery in its texture. "When sections of these spheroids have been exposed to the weather, they present a concentric arrangement of various shades of color, becoming lighter towards the centre. The strike of these rocks is N. GV E. and S. 61° W. To the end of the second portage, the rock is a greenish chloritic slate, becoming, in places, epidotic and dioritic, the latter variety assuming a reniform structure, and holding, between the .■ Dncentric layers a soft dark greenish mineral, resembling serpentine. The next exposure is a little beyond the entrance of LakeChibogomou, and is the only one met with for about four miles, on the main west shore, or on the islands immediately to the eastward. It is a quartzose feldspathio rock, with tilms of a greenish chloritic mineral. The feldspar is yellowish and the quartz greenish in hue. On an island about seven miles from the entrance to the lake, the rock is very similar, except that the chloritic mineral above mentioned occurs only in spots. Between the last two exposures, but somewhat to the eastward of them, there are two islands, composed of a yellowish micaceous granite. For the next four miles, as far as observed, on the north-cast side of the lake and the islands adjacent, the rocks are a light grey and yellowish felsito, with quartz and minute scales of mica or talc. In some places these are associated with a green dioritic rock, in small bands, of from one to four feet wide, the strike of which is S. 33= E. and N. 33=" W. If this banding is due to bedding, which is doubtful, it is the only indication of lines of stratification observed thus far on the lake. " The next point at which the rock is seen on the same side is just Magnetic iron, before reaching Paint Mountain. Here it is a green chloritic rock, weathering to greyish green, and holding considerable quantities of magnetic iron ore disseminated in grains and ci-ystals. Still closer to Copper. ^''""*' Mountain, on the shore, the rocks are green chloritic slate, with no well-defined bedding. Here the yellow sulphuret of coppei', which is described farther on, occurs. These rocks are also more or less charged with fine-grained iron pyrites, for a distance of about low.] QEOLOOICAL OBSKKVATIONS. 21) I. ^l^ !:r"' '"T''"'r' '°'"^' ^«'"^ Mountain, which rises above the lake, m a nhort distance back, to a height of 250 feet ;v;;..ont. of the .oe,. ^^^^^^y'..:^^^:;:^^;^^^ eldsp^v.. and quart., g.^en chlorite, serpentine, and epidoto w i mo hers, the p.eces are from a few ounces to one iu.nd -ed po'und . weight Large expanses of conglomerate are likewise enticrco,.. pose.l of rounded f-agments of Laurentian gneiss of gre ., d , " ""''^■• 0 ons, the latter predominating. Other ex,'sures show a c ' ,on erato made up of angular and rounded fragments fron. a o u nt t o a ton we.ght, in a mati^ix of tine material of the ^ame ki d TI / con^omenues are succeeded ,y serpentines and loZ.a:L, ^2 make their appearance immcdiatelv to the we.t of tim fi,..t loading from the lake. About 200 \-ards west of t. o ^^ '''," a cone-shaped hill, which rises over the wat s o^ tl o nf '"'T'' one hundred and sixt,t.et, is entirely clX;" tr :r t" i-ock IS traced, on one side, to the porf.je nnd nn fV . supposed to formpartof Juggler's mZ 1 whtl ." "' '' '^ k; , „ 1 • , 'et.'^' •'' Jiountain, which is about 400 feof high, and IS about two miles distant, bearing S. 41° W On n ! highest part of the cone referred to there is a bl.t -i , r \ about one foot thick, interstrati«ed Ji^ J^^e "' ^ hZ' while examining these rocks, had a portion o/the limestone S for examination under the microscone which ,.«,-„„! i resembling that of some coral. ''Z\:^Z:':^J: r^S colored opaque, and contain much disseminated ma^ne e iron vtlu by analysis considerable portions of chrome and tra cl f .i^ekeV stte rarir TT ''' P""^*^^"' '""^ ^'^'^ ^ blackish-b ue ha [ On ihe va i" "'f "^^"""/^ ''^ ^"'•'" ^"'"'"^ «^ ^^"^ish fe dapa On the various portages and small iakos passed over from h . point to Lake Wakinitche, the only rock seen is cllor r^ t The same remark applies also to the lake itself from ifs 1 h end, along the south-east side, to within siVS o I o^tirtTht aie seen ihise resemble the two varieties already described On IZTtrn 1 / ' ''™'"^ "" *'*'''" escarpment, extending for about four miles; and, on the same side, near the outlet, Wakinftchl 30 I. QUEBEC AND NORTH-BAST TERRITORY. little Percli River. Mountain, which is entirely composed of them, rises about 350 to 400 foot high, for the most part bare and rocky, and extending along the margin of the lake for nearly three miles. Tiie fragments in the con- glomerates in the last localities are chiefly of Laurentian rockh, and the enclosed masses are often many tons in weight. In some parts, without close examination, the conglomerate might be mistaken for Laurentian gneiss. In many parts of this hill considerable exposures of red shale arc mot with, as well as grey and chocolate-brown sand- stones made up of fine grains of reddish feldspar and white quartz. Although lines of deposition were observable in these sandstones, 1 could trace no regular lino of strike or dip." On the Little Perch Eiver, which flows into Chabestachuan Bay, and three miles fiom its mouth, Mr. McOuat met with some small exposures of a reddish feldspathic rock, apparently of a brocciated character, with calcareous scams, and showing a considerable amount of a dull green steatitic mineral. This rock occupies, as nearly as possible, the position in which one might expect to meet with Mr. Richardson's group, and may represent some of the conglomerates of that grouj). Nothing was seen at all like the chloritic slates of Lakes Wakinichi and Chibogomon. The above band is not over one mile wide, coming in between the Laurentian gneiss and the Cambrian limestone. Farther to the eastward, on the Temiscamie Eiver, I failed to find any trace of these rocks, and am of the opinion that the belt does not extend that far to the eastward. The following is the description of the economic minerals found in these rocks, as given Ly Mr. Eichardson : — Copper. " Copper.— CoTp^or pyrites has already been mentioned as occurring in the neighborhood of Paint Mountain, on Lake Abatagoraaw. At a point a little to the south-west of the mountain, on the lake shore, this ore is met with in specks, together with stains of the green carbonate, but no well-defined bed or vein was observed. The rock a green, slightly calcareous, chloritic slate. These indications of copper are seen for nearly half-a-milo north-easterly along the lake shore, to another point, where a bed or vein, two feet thick, containing copper- pyrites, is seen in chloritic rock for about twenty feet. Its strike is N. 31° E., and S. 31° E., the underlie not being determinable. The portion of the vein exposed would probably yield four or five per cent, of copper throughout, while parts of it might produce ten or twelve per cent. For about three-quarters of a mile farther along the shore, specks of the yellow sulphuret and the green carbonate of copper are met with wherever the rock appears. At the end of this distance, and just under Paint Mountain, the rock is largely charged with J ••] GEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 31 D Hno-^r,.aino(l iron-pyntc8 and spockn of yellow suipluu-ot, in a yellowish quai-tzose gangue. Here the iron-pyi-ites conHtituto. an much as fifteen or twenty per cent, of the rock, while along the whole of the distance above described, about one and a-juartcr miles, it is never absent, though occurring in small .luantitios. At the last mentioned place IS the depression before described. As before stated, it is filled with drift, and no rock is seen in it ; but from the quantities of iron and copper-pyrites met with in the rock on both sides of it, it is (,uite possible that under the drift a valuable deposit of copper ore may exist "7ran.-Abouthalf-a-mile south-west of the tirst mentioned copper r •ore, and near the lake shore, there is a deposit of magnetic iron ore in ■chlorite slate; its breadth is fifty feet, and it is seen on its strike which IS S 65° W., and N. 65° E., about 200 paces. The ore occur^ in crystalline lumps and grains throughout the rock. The whole fifty feet would probably yield an average of from fifteen to twenty per cent, of iron. ""uiy mrt^otp^Tn^r^'f ?'''"u'^^'''"' observed was in the north-east oei.re •pa t of Paint Mountain, where a small deposit was met with about halfway up the mountain, which probably derives its name from the presence of this ochre or paint." Cambrian. The limestones found on Lakes Mistassini and Mistassinis, owing to the absence of any fossil remains, have been referred to this horizon on account of their hthological resemblance to Cambrian rocks of the east side of James Bay. bovonT.r- '''if'™ y^" ^"T "' '^'' '''' ""^■^«' "'^'i «'^^«»^ but little , beyond their shore line. The south-west boundary is at the end of """''• Abatigoush Bay, where they succeed the Iluronian rocks seen on Lake Wakimehe, the contact of the formations being concealed by drift with and V """"'""^ '™u.' ""' °'^* ^""^ '^'' ^^'^^•^^^"^^ '» ^«^t"«^ with, and ly ng unconformably on, the Laurentian gneiss, on Poni- ^huan Bay, at the place where the bay narrows. The boundary then folbws along the north-west shore of the lake to the north-eas^ end, t I *.'""^^^«°t^°"«« ^^ the same course to a low range of hills which lies about ten miles beyond the end of the lake Sweeping eastwa-d along the base of these hills, the rocks extend 32 11 yUEBKC ANI' NORTH-EAST TERRITORY. These rocks have a strike parallel, approximately, to the length of the lakes, the dij) being to the south, and changing to eastward at the Striki. southern end of the lake, with an angle varying from 4° tf) 10°. The ' 'lower heds resting unoonformabiy on the gneiss, at the western side of Lake Mistassini, are made up of a dark bluish-grey limestone, holding concretionary masses of dark blue chert, with thin bands of black argillaceous shale. Above this arc thin beds of light blue tine-grained dolomitic limestone, weathering yellow, interbcdded with thin layers of a greyish, coarse, gritty limestone, containing largo quantities of sand. Next, a ten-feet lied of massive light blue, pure limestone, ve-y compact and hard. This rock is traversed by dee]) vertical cracks, probably due to the action of frost. Overlying this bod are thinner ones of the same character, intermingled with beds of coarse, grey, silicious limestone, iuU of grit. The top layer is a limestone conglomerate, made up of limestone pebbles embedded in a sandy matrix. Tiie thickness of the whole series does not exceed one hundred feet. Although closely examined, none of the above beds gave any evi- dence of fossil remains, the supposed fossils found by Mr. Richardson having, on closer examination, pi'oved to be only mineral concretions. SiPERFiciAL Deposits. Owing to the absence of any considerable elevations near the sea coast, and to the shallow valleys cut by the rivers, but little information was obtained relating to the ilrift deposits. Where good rock exposures occurred, they were generally formed by having the usual covering of vegetable matter burnt away ; and the heat occasioned by this, along with subse(iuent rains, has been sufficient to obliterate any traces of glacial striation. Thus the direc- tion of the drift can only be arrived at by a study of the travelled boulders. In the vicinity of I;ake Mistassini, no rounded boulders of limestone were met with in directions to the east and north-west of the lake, and the probability is that the drift there was from north- east to south-west. On the Peribonka Kivcr, boulders of green chloritic and epidotic rocks were seen. These are supposed not to have com© from the rocks of Lake Wakiniche, but from a similar patch of Huron- ian rocks, which, I am told, occurs near the head-waters of the Outard and Maniquagan Elvers, to the north-east of the place where th© boulders were seen. No exposures of boulder-clay were seen, although the snrface of the whole country is thickly covered with rounded, travelled boulders, both great and small, showing the action of ice. tow] OEOIiOOIOAIi OBSERVATIONS. 33 d Ah before mentioned, on the BetHian.ites River, ,il intervaln ulonir Its 8l,ore«, as far m tho firnt fall, l.cls of blue clay wor.- seen overlaid by sand. In places the exposures ..f these showed a thickness „C thirty feet of clay, and the beds were greatly crumpled and foMe.l The surrounding country hero is too l.m to atlord good illustrations ol terraces and none were seen. Beyond the rirst fall, and as far as Luke MistasHini, the banks of the rivers and lakes passed are low, and no good cuttings in the drift were seen. Three miles to the north of the Hudson Bay post on Lake Mistassini IS a sand-bank tbrty feet high, without signs of stratification, ami con- taining quantities of course gravel. Similar exposures were also seen near the Big Narrows. On the Rupert River, nothing but sand was seen until the Oatmeal Fall was passe.1. Below this, the river banks are cut out of u blue clay, showing stratiHcation and overlaid by sand. These clays often show in exposures a thickness of thirty feet, and are very free from boulders. APPENDIX I. LIST OF EIHDS COLLKCTHD AT LAKK MISTASSINI, BY JAS. M. MACOUN, 1885. irylodchia mustelina, Haird. Roliin. Common. BrccdH. May 8tli. Ifijlod'lda Unalashlcac, var. Futlasi, R'uiiiw. Ilormit Thrush. Not rare. Breeds. May 23nl. Iteijubis mlmdula, Liclit. Euby-crowned Kinglet. Common. Breeds, May 11th. Parus atricapillus, L. Chickadee. During winter, Anortliura (Tmjlodytes) hi/emalis, Coues. "Winter Wren. During wiiitei'. Jlelmintlto/ifuhja percijrina. Buird. Tenne.-*soo \Vari)ler. Not rare. Breeds, .lune 13th BenJroecaaestii-a,Jim-i\. Yeilosy-bird. Common. Breeds. May HOtli. Dendroeca maculosa, Baird. .Magnolia Warlilcr. Xot i-aro. IJiOeds. May i>jth. Dendroeca striata, Baird. Black-Poll Warbler. Not rai-e. Breeds. .lUMO loth. Siurusn(iTius,Cimv>i. Water Thrush. Breeds here. C^ommon. May lUth. Wihonia pnsilia Jip., Green. Black-capped Yellow Warbler. Not rare. Breeds. May 3(»th. Tachycineta hicolor, Cabaii. White-bellied Swallow. Common, Breeds. May lOih. Ampelis cedorum, Baird. Cedai- Bird. Eare. Breeds. Pinicola (mucleaf or, Yk'W]. Pine Grosbeak. During winter. Luxia lewoptera, dm. White-winged Cross-bill. During winter. (Kgiothus linaria, Caban. Common Eed-poU. During winter. Plectrophanes nivalis, Meyer. Snow Bunting. Leave about May 10th. Melospiza fasniata, Scott. Song Sparrow. Common. Breeds. May 2;ird. Jiinco hyemalis, Sd. Black Snow-bird. All j'ear, and breeds. Spizella montana, Eidgw. Tree Sparrow. Common. Breeds. May 15th. Zonotrichia albicollis, Bon. White-throated Sparrow. Common. Breeds. May 20th. Zonotrichia leucophrys. Swains, W. Common. Breeds. May 20th. Molothrus ater. Gray. Cow-bird. Common. Breeds, May 14th. Scolecophaijus ferrugiueus, Sw. Eusty Grackle. Breeds. Common. May 141 h. low,] r.rsT OK iiiRDs. 3ft i> Corvusroraynr..,inm-orus,li,xvtv. iJuvon. One nnecimon May :U)tl. P^r^ore.. Canadensis, lUn. ^Vlu.k.y .U.U. All >'.,•. uJZ i»i ootiH. June liiKi, a.n/..7..;.v'e;„« Huircl. Ni«h, Hawk. Xot raro. Broods. May2M,h ^^ry/. «,W JJoio. King-H.hor. Common. IWis. May Uth P>cus }Me.scens, Linn. Downy \V,.o,|.,K...kor. Dunn^ winter. ' ^Lrto^tH. ''''''^"■^^'''^'^' ^''-'''-^- ^'-" "■"• .W« /•„„«,.,,, Kieh&Hw. Day-owl. Ban-. DnrinK winter. !n!ytnT' ""■■ '^'"'■'"'''^•''^'*' *'■"''""• •''•^'-I'-vk. No, ..onnnun. r./„,./.., (;al,an. Somi-palmatod J{ing-ne<.ked Plover (.)iiu spiicimen. May2!1th Totanns^,^noleuc.s, Yieili. '(Jreater Vellow-logH. A .ingle pair. 'I^^tanu.sflanj>es,Vi.in. Yellow-legs. A ,sin.l.. pair. August 10,1, ^^'''Ti^'cT''' '"'■■ '"'''"' '^"""- ^'^"'^ """"• ^ ^'"^•«''l'«*'i'"e„. ^e;-«/./« Ca/'ver. Common. Zedl' ^'^^June 3'?'"' ^'""' ^'«^'^-^'"-«'^*«'' ^'iver. Not common. Breeds. NoTE.-In the above list, the date following each sj.ecies refe.s to the day upon wh.ch it was fir.st shot, unless otherwise specified. APPENDIX ir. LiHt of plantH collected at Liiko MiHtUHsini, Rupert Rivi'- ami Rupert Hoiwe, by Jos. M. Mftcoun, 1885. Tho HrKt column in the following li«t contuinw thoHo HpocleM found »t Lake MistasMni, Iho soeoii'l, the Hpociuw growing along the Rupert River and not noted at Misla^Hini, and the third, the species growing ivt Rupert House and not seen either at MistasMini or along the Rupert. Noi. RANUScutAea*. 1 Anemone parvitiora, Michx 2 " dichotoma, Linn 3 |Tlialictrum dioicum, L 4 iRanunculus abortivus, L 5 " Cyrabalaria, Pureh 0 " Pennsylvanicus.L.... 7 " recurvatua, Poir 8 Caltha palustris, L 9 Coptis trifolia, Saliwb • • • • 10 lActsea spicata L. var. rubra, Ait. . • I NVMI'HiEACEiK. 11 Ni4>har advena, Ait Sakkaceniace^.. 12 ,Sarracenia purpurea, L FvMARIACKiK. 13 iCorydalis glauca, I'ursh CRUClFERiE. 14 i Nasturtium palustre, D. C 15 Cardamine hirsuta, L . • • 16 I " _ pratensis, L 17 18 Capsella Bursa-pastoris, Moench Thlaspi arvense, L 19 20 VlOLACE^ Viola eucuUata, Ait Viola canina L. var. sylvestris, Reg. Miatiu- Uuperl Dini. Klvur. tlupert IIouM. !• and Rupert tcieH found tit ; the Rupcit [•ios giuwin^j ; the Rupert. Uu|ierl Ulvur. Kupert llounc. low.] I.MT OK PL A NTH. 37 O No. 21 22 23 24 25 2« 21 2H 29 30 I.MUlm- Hiipert lliiimrt «lnl. j ItKcr, llniK*. Carvoi-hylimcmc. Hilcim iiiHtillom, L " Artnnriii, L '.,'..,,,• Areimriii Miilmnxii, Hook ..'.'.'. « 8U>llaria niofliu, Hiiiitli ',[[■ Iwiri'niis Bikrel. VHP. al|i»'8tri», (.irav » " liiitnifiisn, Rottb '. « " loiinijmM, (i.ililie Cerastiuiii arvensi', I. ] . . . ' 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4(1 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 61 62 63 64 Ohr.\niacea Gernniiini ('RrnliiiiHiiiiiii, L RllAMNACK.ll. RliiiiiimiH aliiifoliuH, L'Her LKIII'MINON^i Vidia ( nucu, L " Anierii-anu, Mnlil BuHAcas. 56 56 57 68 59 60 IVunus Pcnnsylvaiiicu, L Spirica saliiiColiu, L [ Geuiii nia(roi)hylliini, Willd " rivaiis I ;;;;' " strictum, Ait .""'.' Krugaria Vir>riiiianu, Ehrh '. I'otentilla Norve^'i(!a, L ... " aiguta, I'lirsli " Anserina, L ".'.,. " I'nitirosa, L '. . " tridentatn, Ait " palustris, Scop ," , " Pennsylvanica, L '.'.', Rubiis ChamiEmoruH, L " triflorus, Ricli " arcticus, L ..!.... " " var. granrliflorus, Ledeb..... !..!.. ' strigosua, Michx « Rosa Sayii, Wat .\ « Pyrus Americana, DC Amelanchier Ciinadensis, T. &. G., var. oblougifolVa, ■I. ert Rupert 'iii. RivLT. }Iou.4 !)5 m 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 100 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 j 117 i 118 119 120 121 122 |Soli(lagii iilittinosa, Nutt , " inacrophylla, Piirsli .".".'.;;' I Aster Liiidleyanus, T. 6c U t '■ puniceus, L i " salioifolius, Ait I " »inl>ellatus, Mill, var. villosus. '.".'.'.. ... I " nemorali.s, Ait lErigeron liyssopifolius, Michx ......'...'.'!!'.."!; I " Canadensis, L I " Philadelphicus. L '..■.■ " i Antennana phmtaginifolia, Hook ... lAnaplialis inargaritacea, Bentli. c- ,"VJ«" Ixirwilis, Saliflb .... •ms r o™''""'"izi iiiiiata, K. Br ■W) ^>'P'''I^Hluiiiii)iibem>iis, Willd, acatile, Ait . j luiDAtK.f; 2in Iris vorsicolor, L ! Lii.ncu.f:. I'll Tofipj.lia -Infinosa, Will,! r>i^ o. ". Pali'stris, Hiuls -\2 '^"'"I'topiis roseus, Mii'jix -'1;) Clintonia boreaii.^ Kaf . ..... -'1<> Maiaiitlieiuum bifoliuin. DC...... JUNtWCBJJ. -'17 LiT/ula sj)adicoa, D. C -}u, '^' ■"!'"' ;*''""•?'• V'"- var. insigiiis; Fries ! ! 1 ! " ' ! ! ! ! ' ' "...r .. .?"'*'''^P^'«' \ ">•• I'oarctatiis, Gr ■->' lilitoriius, L ._ ■}t}r> 224 225 226 227 228 229 ho 231 tcdiiiis, Willd ARAOE.E. Calla paliistris, L Tyi'HACK^ Sparganimn simplex, Hudson, var. Hnitans, Gr Naiaback^e. Naias Hexilis, Rostk Zannichellia })aliistris, L Potamogeton f^ramineus, L. var. graminifbl'ius .' '. '. '. '. ' " var. lieterophyllus, Schrel).. }iectiiiatU8, L ' l)erfoliatus, L ..." ' pusillus, L * rufesceiis, Schrad Alismacele. 232 Triglochin uiaritimuin, L (■YI'KHACBiE. off l^'iypus validns, Valil .^36 j Jiriophorum alpimmi, L . . . -SO) " .vaginatuui, L JMiatiis- 1 !iiiii. jUupert Hiver. Riiin'it 1 . ' » * ' # * * » * « * # * * * « {illicit il(ii|>ert Kiver. Illuu.'e. MSI OK I>I,ANT8. No. i':!7 :'40 1'41 242 243 244 245 24fi 247 24.S 249 260 251 252 253 254 j 255 25(i 267 I 258 I 25.'(W|)i.riua, Alichx. iwlytiiclioidnis, -Altilil ■scoparia, 8clik toictiii.'scula, Good . . utriciilata, Sclik .... va}.'i!iata. Taiiscli... (iHAMINK*. 202 203 2(J4 2«)r) 2«i 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 Becknianiiia eniciffonnis, Host ianicumdicliotomtiui, L 281 282 283 284 285 E(JUISETACBiE. Equisetum arvense, L " palustre, L " scirjwides, Michx . Mistiia- iiirii. FlLICES. Polvpodium viikare, L Pellsea gracilis, Hook . . ■ .Hten"*" f "''■".'•''^H'*' '■'"■• "••istulatus, Monro,' L." 'I Hierocliloa boiealis, H. & S ' i Stijm Kicliardsonii, Link ! * Oryzopsis asperifoiia, Miclix "..'..' | Plileuni pratense, L - * Agrostis scabra, Willd ..." | * .J)eyeiixia('anadensis,Beanr j " neglocta, Kth iltescliaiuiwia atrojinrpurea, Wahl I " (wspitosa, Beaiir .... I, flexuosa, L Poa pratensis, L iGlyceria Canadensis, Trin. . !..*."." " nervata, Trin , [Bromus ciliatus, L | * I Agropyrum teneruuj, \'asev .....' Hordeninjubatiim, L '.... * 43 D Ruport : Rupert Kiver. i House. m ■ iiniMimiWin 1 , I I : 44d QUEBEC AND NORTH-EAST TERRITORY. No. 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 29« 297 298 2i»9 300 301 302 303 304 306 Ptoris ciquilina, L AHplenium viride, Hudson " Filix-foemina, Bernh Phegoptoris Dryopteris, PW' — " calcarea, K. Br Aspidium spinulosum var. dilatatuni, Gr Onoclea sensibiiis, L Cystopteris frat;ili.s, Bernh " monttina, Bernh Woodsia Uvensis, R. Br glabella, R. 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