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Las diagrammes suivants iltustrant la mithode. 2 3 5 6 MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART -ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No 2 1.0 I.I 1^^ 12 8 1^ IIIIIM 1^ 140 1.25 1.4 1.6 ^ APPLIED ItVHBE Ine ^^ '653 East Man- Street r.a Rochester. New rork 1*609 OSA ^S (716) 482 - 0300 - Phone ^= (716j 288 - 5989 - F3« I I ! K'U l"l I h i\ \ K ^ A \ \ . I / . 1 ; , (I V\.\l.Ki-.i< i»:^.r i;j.jj iM-lvftllftl !,\ 1-,;.^ 1 ; .- -A ; h ELEMENTARY MYCOLOGY { SLY WO. x'stn live res .* J r 1 ELEMENTARY MYCOLOGY \ I I \\ \1 >| I S ()\ MUSHROOMS I on HI (.IWI KS l(H,l III! K Willi \ ( H\l< 1 MV Ml \Ns 111 WIlK H ASY'iSI <\S; SMIIY I. A III! K M 1 nil Ml slIHiM IMS im V ( SHI I' ) I Al . iiy i; H IK TORnsi,); VVm Tyrrmi, &i r.n, LiMiriD l tie .-i^niticarKe of the v.drd "Toad.stool" I raii find no li^!.'. 1 havf come to the conclusion after much research that tl.e only rclial)L' autiiorily must he the "load" liimsclf. — 2 — danj-Tcrons to pick up chance acquaintances or not to he sure. There is no "Royal Road." a well-known writer poetically put iu "One must know their mush- rooms like the woodsman knows his trees or the fisherman those species of fish that come to his nets." I suppose few woodsmen know all the trees and few fishermen all the fish, hut they know the kinds they are lookin.i^' for. The same way with the Mushroom Hunter, and if he knows even half a dozen of our common varieties, he can ^'o out almost any day. from early spring till it freezes up and gather all he can eat and have plenty more to give his friends— so ahundant are they to he found, if one knows when and where to look for them. Mushrooms, like fruit and flowerr, and trees, are of many kinds. These kinds are called Genera. A certain fruit is called an apple, another a plum and plum and apple are their Generic names. A certain Mushroom is called a Hypoloma. another a Coprinus. and Hypoloma and Coprinus in the same way are Generic names. Just as there are many varieties of apples and many varieties of plums differing from one another in taste, edihle qualities and appearance, so are there varieties of Hypoloma; and Coprini, some hetter than others. Yet one should never mistake an apple for a plum any more than one should mis- take a Hypoloma for a Coprinus. for the difference is just as marked. One might, however, have more difficulty in distinguishing the variety of apple or variety of plum and in the same way with the Hypoloma' and Coprini. Some varieties of Hy- polomaie and some varieties of apples are hetter than others, hut generally speaking aU apples are edihle and all Hypoloma? are edihle. — 3 — Some fruits arc poisonous ar(i so arc some mush- rooms. Some fruits not poisonous in themselves will not aj,'ree with some people. Some people cannot eat strawberries. Some, mushrooms in the same way. Some i)eople too lik'e one kind, some another and prefer their favourite mushroom just as they do their favourite fruit or flower. Most mushrooms arc easily dij^ested and a^ree well with most peoi)le and some, like the (V)rpinus, are c.xeeedinKly so, very tender, nutritious and have been fed to invalids when they could digest no other food. The only safe rule is to go slowly and eat only those varieties with which one has become thoroughly familiar. One's list can be added to almost indefinitely and a beginner can vcy soon learn to distinguish a sufficient number of common edible varieties to enjoy a "Mushroom Feast" at any time, most months in the year. Our woods and even our city boulevards and lawns teem with edible kinds and varieties from "Spring to Frost." An increasing number of mushroom lovers or Mycologists, as they are called, are finding this out ;ind interest in mushrooms is growing rapidly, due in large measure to the excellent books and works on mushrooms which have ai)peared in recent years. It is a fascinating and profitable .;tudy and I hope the little chart I have prepared will be useful to beginners as a han species sought for. Some kinds are all wholesome and good, such as — 4 — the Coprinus (or Inky Mushroom! th'- Morrhcll-is (nr Morels) Lyeopenlales (or PutTl.alls) and so on In other Genera, some varieties are excellent some unwholesome or even poisonous, some harm- less hut unpleasant and so on. "A little kno\vled;,'e is a dangerous thinj,'" is -i good maxim to apply to eatin« mushrooms, .an.l especially to he avoi.led are the popular so-called Rules hy which one can tell a Mushnjom." They are all mislearling and dangerous, and some are silly. Some of the most poisonous varieties p,,l readily. "Blackening a silver spoon" onlv means that the mushroom is in a more or less advanced state of decay. "Having pink gills" is also dangerous as there are some mushrooms with pink j,dlls amongst the bntoIom;e, which are poisonous, and so on. The only safe rule is to he ejitirely familiar with the name and edible qualities of each individual mushroom you propose to eat. See also that it is not decayed or infested by worms. ■' The proper thing to do for those who merely wish, from time to time, to gather a few mushrooms to eat, IS to learn to recognize a dozen or even half a dozen of our edible commoner varieties. This is as simple and easy a thing to do as learning to recognize daisies, buttercups, dandelions or any of our common flowers. Then, one can go out almost at any time and gather all one wants to eat, and at the same time pa.ss as a "Mushroom Expert" amongst most of their friends. In most cases you will then find that vou are not satified with what you know hut will continue to add more and more varieties to your list, as there is a considerable underlying interest in most people — 5 — in mushrooms, both because they like them to cat, and l)ccause of the spice of adventure they feel in J,^1lherinJ,' them. In this way the '"Mushroom Fan" comes into existence. There is one thinj^ in particular that I think the novice muslirootn j^atherer should l)e \varne'' A niiiuitas arc almost rcrtain death. (See the Chart under Amanita.'* Of the Minor poisons little need be said. They simply make a person very sick, but no j^rave symp- toms from any constitutional effect occur. Al- though intensely disajjreeable such poisoning term- inates in recovery and may not be regarded as dangerous unless the poison be taken in enormous quantities or by one in poor health. These undesirable effects are soon remedied by taking an emetic then one or two "' moderate doses" (no snake poison expert work required) of whiskey and sweet oil; or vinegar may be substituted for the whiskey. The Minor poisons demonstrate the first feelings of discomfort within four or five hours from the time of eating. The Major poisons do not cause any discomfort until eight to twelve hours have elapsed. '''he jihysician called to treat a case of mush- room poisoning need not wait to query after the variety eaten; he need not wish to see a sample. If from eight to twelve hotirs have elapsed: he mav be assured that Amanitine is present and should adminster Atropine hypodermatically at once. — 8 — Nor do the authorities seem to ajiree on the actual cause of death. althouj,'h exhaustive experiments have been made on animals and so on. A case is quoted where a man's life was saved by the injection hypodermatically of a liter < 1 quart i of normal Saline solution, after two full doses of Atropine had been ^iven: as well as other treatment. described in the above ([uoted which is full; chapter. From the time of eating until death occurs takes from two to three days. A kind friend told me that "he saw my little ^ame was to frighten people away and have the mush- rooms for myself." Far be it. there are tons of them annually going to waste. One man may know Init one variety which he calls a "Mushroom"— all others are "toadstools" to him. Another half a dozen varieties —another a hundred, even hundreds. Mcllvainc claims he describes "one thousand." I have not counted them, but judging from the size of his book I should say it was altogether likely. As the only way the edible (jualities of a new variety can be determined is by eating them he must have had a wonderful constitution or else mushrooms as a poison must be very much over- rated. He says, when he has a new variety to test he begins by chewing up a very small morsel (unless, of course, it is an Amanita), to see if the taste is pleasant or otherwise, not swallowing any of it or the .salivii. The next day if no unpleiisant effects *McIlvainc has devoted a whole chapter to the subiect. (Page XI and 621). — 9 — arc produccfl he swallows a small hit. the next day a larj^er one then tries it cooked, anfl tries it raw. Thm makes a meal of it. Then gives a party and asks his fircnds and then if nothing' unpleasant happens he writes it down edible. I have two objects in view in these notes: First, to ])rotcct ij^jnorant or innocent pco[)le whom some other kind friend has told them "How to tell a Mushroom, " from very serious consequences. Yes, death. Secondly, to show how easily this protection is acquired and open the door to much that is of interest anrl profit in one's rambles through the woods. / l/iink it may fairly he staled that all deaths from Mushrooms have been traeed to the Amanita. So the first thing is to beabletorecoi.'^nizeit when youseeit. It is common enough and there is no trouble, as a rule, to find specimens in any walk one might take of an hour or so in the woods. Furthermore, it is very easily recognized and once seen is not liable to be forgotten. When you see a beautiful, white, attractive- looking Mushroom growing in the woods or around the edges of woods or in open places where woods have been, the chances are you are looking at the Amanita Phalloides of " Deaths Cup Mushroom." A comparison with the accompanying drawing will indicate it at once, just as a jiicture of a rose would enable you to identify one. The botanical features of the Amanita are clearly defined. 1. It has white or lemon-white gills. 2. It has a ring or veil attached to and hanging clown the stem just below the gills. 3. It has a Volva or Cup-like receptical just in the ground at the base of the stem. — 10 — — 11 — Lots of O'liMc nuishrootns have white ;.;ills. Lots mori- liavi' the veil hut none hut the Amanita have all three. Hf)tanieally speaking; it is the (Jueen of Mushroonis. the most hij^'hly (ievelf)i)ele. Why not Mush.room Himtin^;-' There is no close season, and the K^me is plentifxd enough. 1 * I I THE PROPAGATION OF MUSHROOMS I am sometimes asked, How does one <;row Mush- rooms? I must confess I have never tried it myself. The wild ones are j^oorl enouj^'h for me. anrl sui)i)ly me with all that I can eat. In fact. I like some varieties of the wild ones better than the cultivated. There is a curious thinj; about Mushrf)oms. 'I'hcre ap{)ears tf) be only one (lenus. the A<;aricus. prac- tically, that can be reliably grown "in captivity," so to si)eak. The Coprinus, for example, common as they are around our city boulevards and lawns cannot, so far as I know, be j^rown artificially. Many p>eople think the Coprinus away ahead of any cultivated mushroom. There is no doul)t that it is much more delicate, tender and di},'estible. Experts api)ear to have tried all means to <;row it and other wild Cicnera artificially, but without success. Hamilton (libson in his Ixjok describes several attemjits to grow wild mushrooms. He tells how on a certain lawn year after yea; a cro]) of Coprinus Comatus, the Shaggy-mane Mushrf)om. came up. He tried every way he knew tcj transplant them to his own l;>wn. and yet after years of waiting he got no results. — 17 — It has hcen su},'},'eslc(l that in order to fertilize the spores, so that they will produce the spawn, they have to pass throuj^'h the digestive tracts of some particular insect or animal. As an evidence f)f this the Agaricus Arvensis. or Horse Mushroom, is only found where horses have been. Mcllvaine disputes this theory, althou^'h he says that noticing; the Russolae were k'd u])(m by a small black beetle he ])lantcd in suitable places, not tlu' Rr.ssuhc itself, but the beetle that was feedinj,' on it, and in several instances succeeded in raising the Russuhe. However this may be. he says he found it certain that beetles cannot be raised by ])lanting Russuhe. As mushrcjoms live on dead or^'anic matter and not on inorj^'anic, I think it more likely to be a ques- tion of the ri :,t kind of sustinence than anythinj^'. Hut returning to our (juestion as to how one ^rows mushrooms. I may say so far as I can j^ather it is. like j^'rowin^ roses successfully, another science in itself. Mcllvaine has a special supi)le- ment.'iry chai)tcr on it and it svems pretty compli- cated. He ':, ys "Anyone having' control of a cellar can raise a f-.r crop of expectations and may raise a croj) of i;u.s!-.rooms by either iiccident or ex- perience. They are ;it all times the most contrary of jj;r(nvths and rc(,uire the nicest manaj^ement and much ])atience." His advice is "start in a small way. and do not expend more money on it than you can alTord to lose." Of course, the way nuishrooms j^'row. is bv the germination of the si)ores. which sjjread out into till- Myieliutii. which in turn throws up the mush- room. Hut little is known how these sjiores re- ]»roiiiu'c ilic!iv:cl\-cs. Tlic niicrosco]ie fails lo eoni- pKLCiv jicPn ir.'.Ti i lir inv^-'ciN. A wiioii' iin'.sj'rooni is but ;i iii;iss o! cells the sjiore is but o;u' of ijieni. ~ 18 — But so minute is the Kcrm anfl so hidden its methods that science appears, as yet, to have failed to solve them. Recently, however, I hear that Professor Fer- guson hrus been makinj; some interesting experiments, not along the lines of the germination of the spores, Vjut l)y spreading the Mycelium by planting a portion of the inside tissue of the young mushroom itself ii. its button stage, as I understa' 1 it, and with a certain success. So prolific is fungus growth of all sorts that the very dust which appears so mysteriously on any- thing left undisturber it. it is lialile lo die aiv! not spread at all. Tlu' ti'ini)t.Taturc of the \>vnd standard work and authority). "The Mushroom Book." by Xina L. Marshall. "Our Edible Fun^'i." by Hamilton (libson. If tlie iiej^inner wishes to pursue the study further I would recommend the ijurchase of Captain Mdlvaine's work. I hope the Chart that I have prepared will help him find what he is seeking' in it. -21 — ADDENDA I feel almost tempted to say in view of the amount ot "Mushroom" food K^'n^ ^" waste and in these days of food conservation that I don't care what mushrooms or toadstools you may find that you have a mind to try i)rovided just one thinj^ -that you uill learn cniiufili about the Amanita to Iran- tlum iilonc. Xow the records show that often the j)erson who j^ets killed hy eating mush- rooms is one who knows only the conmion field mushroom, the one with the pink i^Wh. as it is >;en- errdly described by this i)ers(in; and the reason fo«- this is as follows: In its button staj^es the Amanita Ph;illoides the very worst of the Amanitas, resembles very clf)sely the Field Mushroom. This person not having taken the trouble to actpiaint himself with the Amanitas is easily deceived and the harm is done. I wonder, further, if .any authentic case is on record of a death from mushroom poisoninj; of a person who is fully at-cpiainted with this mushroom and has exercised reasonal)le care. I have a lil)rary of standard works on mushrooms all of which I have read carefully and can find none such rej)orted, and yet how many of us have been taujj;ht the Amanita -very few. Xow suppose a ])erswri after having;; only read these notes were to j,'o it blind, always excepting' the Amanitas, what would be the probable result ? In the first i)lace, he would soon fmd, if he were fond of mushrooms, what he had missed in the way of delectalile feasts. Just as many people think the flavour of wild strawberries is better than the cul- tivated, so will it be found with many varieties of wild mushrooms. In the second place, he would find out that no reliance whatever could be placed on the appearance of the mushroom or toadstool as a guide to their — 22 — edililc (jualilies. and like ajjplcs f)ften the worst lookiti'^ had the best flavour and the finest ajjpearinj^ ones, |)erhai)S, an unpleasant flavour or no flavour at all. In the third ])l;K'e. he would find ditTerenc-es cjf opinion to arise between himself and others as to whieh variety were the best, just a^ain as in apples; his wife. perhai)S, liking the Cojjrinus Mieaeeus best, while he would swear by the Hypoltjnia as unt(nuhed in flavour and delieacy. In tlu' fourth iilacw he nii^ht if he did not ])ro- ceed with reasonable caution in testing wholesale (|uantities of unknown soeeies. make himself sick with disasterous eonse()uenees to his feast, or j^'ivc himself an attack of indi^'estion by eatinjj indigest- ible varieties, many of whieh and even amongst our best, such as the Morels, need a full hours' stewing before they are fit to eat. In the fifth place, he would jirobably find himself no worse otT in health at the end of it all. And, in the sixth place, he would l)e astonished to find out how much free and delectable food was allowed to 0 cents a pound are anythinjj more than a luxury and a delicacy for the rich. Hut wc speak of the tons of wild mushrooms of all kinds }^'oin},' to waste, for the w.-int of a little knowlc,'e, for rich and ])Oor alike, and free for the j^'atherin^. When someone speaks of their food values- ask them to what particular kind of mushroom they are speakinj,'. If they say they are speaking' j^enerally, rei)ly that the (luestion is too vaj^ue, that the dif- ferent k'nds of mushrooms vary like the ditTerent kinds ct other vegetal>les or plants. The food contents of beets dilTer from those of carrots and carrots from tomatoes or cabbaj^e and so on, but that speak'nsj as _s;enera!!y as it is possible, the best authorities ])lace their food value at twice that of fresh ve^^etables, weij^ht for weight. - 24 — It it is a question of llu-ir 'li>ic'Slil)ilily, ask whether mushrooms have ever (Hsa;,'ree;enerously to table luxuries. (Some said to be intoxicatint' and sedative in the Paneolus Cicnus.)- Xexl note the structure of the mushroom bv noting the folloving characteristics; 1. The \'olva - or c-up (if any) at the base of the stem takmg care to distmguish between it and a mere bidb. 2. The Annulus— or ring fif any) around the stem. V 'llif Laiiull.f or y,\\h, till- form .'itid llu' way they arc attadicl to the stfin or oilu-ruisi', 4. rin- Strni its stnictiirc an 11 nil ■ \'iil\ a \'i>Ti 'I he Cur must he liM.Uii.1 ti>r iu>-l unJcr the urcunJ at the Imm- I if the --tim It IS I hi- princi|>al i.lam;i.r siynal amormst iinishn>'>ms anvl must hi I anfulK ihsi inuuish- t\l triifJi a tmrc hulK.us sttm 1 )l \(i| 1 iI'MI SI M chuni ^ I M 0 Stntihmt; S Miial- in« > Ul § (.".,11s tApaniliiii; t r' im stem 1? 1 i"a\irm 'Cli atv! y I up CiKNF.KA Amunilu I'arinUs ,.| \,,k.i ,,f,j.n ,,„ t ■p.| lap si.mf \uri.us n..| A m> isi (■« .i\h- T'l'in p<.iv nin« hasc Kin trairj t.. n. I hire .tn- si.mf 27 varitiics Smt- an- sure •liaih. nini- hinhK ilanKir.'Us c r suspiin.us nine are Kiven as eilihle I his ( unus sh( uUI K- iJeniiluJ as s.«,n as [s.,ssihle anj left se\erel\ al..ne I . ,r- tunaielv. it isea^ils ret..«nireil hs lhc( up. the \eil. aiul the (HrsisieniK *hiie iniAet- turniny ilarl- I i,r vel!..\kish uhile Kills |( IS the nii.st perfettl\ ile\el..(xJ <.| al! the t.enera it ( .iIU\1 I unm iK.taniiallv speakinK). as a utame al the ihart will sh> iw I he A F'halli iilis \ariet\ .r 'Deaths' < up IS the must p<.isi.nous ami unl.T- tunaielv. very tumm.m in our mikhIs lis mere presente m a hasketlul (.( k,«,iJ mushn-.nis \iil| tc.ntaminaic the rest farr\in« it in ilamp han.ls has heen l>n. .Mn t.. mal-e people i|| A p,,-^^ ,hi. sire il a ilime h.is been knoNin in lause ilealh \khen eaten (iH.kinK il"es n. i alter its dannenais qualities It its huticn stjme [Hf..re ilevelMpmeni, it has Ken mistaken hr KiHH.1 mushr.H.ms with f.iial results A Musearia is another very p«iis..n. ajs \ariel\ eonimon in our uihuIs. si.ialieil from the fait that it makes a H"yash oft with the ram as m the cas yery .,lten. ..I the A PhalLnJes f':ar Alexis, m Russia, iml Count ilc \eiihi. in \V.i>» nKion, are saiJ to haye liicil tnrouuh eatmK this mushn-im and one of Neros pleasantries is ^aiJ to h.iye Ken the myinu of feasts at wlmh the \ I'halloiJes vias ser\eJ I here IS Ilo Mun of ta-te <,r smell hv which this l.enus tan he known, they arc K.ih ralatahle anil aqr.eahle. hut some yarielH-s contain a tasiijc's Jiailli \ei»e- tahle alkaloiil n.t ilc.iro\eil by ciH.kin« >knrsc than the yenom ,,t a rait Icsnal- e surely a lerrihle (kc. lurkinK in our \hk«.1s. S,me yarieties, mtahlv the A I'halloiJes ■;•, , '■' •-■■ • ■lire:; a -r.vcr s|N,on I he only tesf is the recoynit i, .n of t..eir botanical features aK>\e Jeserif^eil I labiiat— W(K«.ls, eJues of wkkIs. ami open places where w.inis ha\e once been. — 29 — asc. WHITE SPORED SERIES Continued \\ ittviut Aiinulus AmunitopHiN ! set there is ni> trace ■ I a \ nK ;) ;it t he I'asc I'l the stem as distim-'uished frnni a mere hulh(.us stem i he alsence I'f \ I l\a cJisi irii;uish( s it ( ri ni Amanita 'See \..tc _'! Armillariu — \ larmless — eclihlc i aste ■.iisanrecable tc most per- ■■' lis in main \aiielies, » hicti it Joes Hot li'-c in C'u.kin^ Neither Annulus ur \'()l\ a .Stem Hssh\ Ciitocype - M a n y K'xkI — -Sonie sai-ieiies iinvk h()lc■^hahly all tl (• sixtv varieties are eJihIe. ttii^stK tther liter ith. Calls in fiirm i)f shallow fdljs anil ilei-urrenl like luruij veins with (ihtust elites CanthurclluK - .S(xi. Ks I e w hut L Ik lice ( )ne sptiies (inU. ('.. Aurantiaeus. at all under sus- picion Mell- \ ainc sa\ s he has never liunil it harmliil C alls simple ( ap (irm anj dry. DistinKuisheJ I rum all other Cienera hv nut heins putrescent, but hv Jrvinu jp «. Ith lack ol moisture, rc- \ ivuiK anJ assutiiini; the oritiina! form \Mth the ,iJ- vent of rain w inter use. l)r\s vkell (or Gills simple I'lant leathery Muranmiux — \1an\ edible species; two rep|'xircd series. Smiie of the hest eelibie I injs are within tins (lenus \ few ;ire unpleasant raw. none |"K. N'aucoria ("lulcra Plutci.lus Tuharia ' CortinariuH — \,,| I ti.nl( unJcd ttitti am . n tu r i.n aticunt , ,| the chviit-y Mil stn-ichiil fn.ni vii,„ ,,, pil<.-Us--livt Ml lit- l-iir-.i,' ihi- riai-hiixim \..n, I (.1!!. Strophari.i pii'son. •u- Xnnulu- I'M- Mill. ;|M.„1,J MvpoloMKl I" 111. I! mil .1 pill u^ I \,.i na ^PCCIIlU'tl-. ■ Tl. ^■iii t\..ilktii WM \.!i:il -.i'. -, .ilTl. I.!- t ■ ''. Ix-l S% lUl -iini, . AllMulu- IM citnvpnu u^ \\ .1111 irii' liiiN li\(. F'ilo.sai-e IViinip. .rmnt I 'il li . qu.ilii u - un- 1 1- r.i .\\ n < iilK Ji. I)i-i-nnia <,v:,U .inj ui imp. 'It, mi (iills a J ['silocyhi- ,S,rr,c i;.«,J. ''■'"i-' ^ 'MU p, I. r. Psalhia .'-in.ili anj un- Hiip, iti.ini ;]i -. BLACK-SPORED SERIES < 'ilN Jflii(i'i"^'.i'nt. in' ' llii I \^hu h uill -tain tlu (ltl«rtv |-',,(.l Oiprinuti . -t 1,4 , „ui.lu.. m M. \.irK!u- ..rr ixcill.nl :invl nuK h (III thc-ir \ .irii't H s I l.il-il:it \ir-. i.,.irni,,n .,11 i hr. UL-h tl , -Nnitrir,,,, l.iunsiinj K ,i,!i\ ,irJ- ,.P.I mh ur.iunJ ucncr.ilK (-.r.^win,; ,„ t|„M.rv iin.l p.ppirm up ;iki hr. .v^nus iIm, ,ii:fi if,, lfH\ will n..t U.p I,,,,-; ,md ^f„ i,lj |-,- <',iii-n a- '....n as p,,vsil-|, I lu Jiluiufscruc I-. n^.t .lijc P. i!tc.i\ rut i.i Itu riixriifin ..| thi-^)v,ris -i<>K^.cnt ..nJ v.TN .V I Ji^U .,„Jl..,r,„l.s. i-urrciit (.ill- ;i.,i tut rciu < .ip sfriatt w'th P.uuh rifxl. f '.ip tl. .| lli-h\. pKath.\rilla Sill. ill anj uium P'TI.llM I.Jll^li- l':it)a<rpi.llnv .Si IT I ■■(...lal ivc \1 .mani .i'"..nKv IK. [ cni-.ta utxkr i he n inn- |.ip„ ,., H''l>'>al p.,..„rf. mcavl... - s -nctinic^ „i ^....J. In ..rJc, „. h. .,u„c .urc . ,f „. and all ,,th., lKp,,l,,mav pav n, , 3:> I' Irti! I .n t. 'Ill- <. .1. .ui ..f t\ 'I'll. Illl 1 H. (!tu ti in iIk iI H.I. I t.ip '>'' wn ( . il u-i.l. ■I . .Ill hun. I i-t n ■! \v 11 •I Ml, o.i prirui- .in |.,urKl m (un, (. with lit I It p.itiii il I'.. 1 - . .1 It 'I' If' lI„K.. tl ll.lii\ 111 ||, It (III Il Mil l!.iiit;mi;v|.,\vn I iMU-hi..in .1- ih " -I m.iiui ir.,,,1 \»(,ii.h I ■! IHciinin- Kit ,,|Jir tli \t thi 'II I ini'pli l-r II n\ mi Mill ■111 I ■'■•r. whith ;ill- ch muc- till \v II .inj 1 1 V' .11 m.i\ I' 'Mil.; t(, !l:4. -IlM, life 1 1 .1 ■'PI'" iuliiui.1'1 '■ ^I'l i mil iiv I ( 'i-"..'(r .i'kI \ii\ .", '"'•, IJ'i'iK have- nitl- Wit ihc mlU ihdnm I., il J„.'l 11- i.ip- ..liiti -phi miLsctiionv I'l'i^i^ uimIm. J..M.T.,M..-.nc,.rcfulK n. P.l'l K i-i'iuiriu Ir. in tin- i-.l m- ft I hi >; i^.ivi,. .vKkIv ',•':' ■',:■:'""• '>Y'"'""' «'"^'i-"- \..ri < I ■mi J m...,t CM i'.-irinl ii.ns , ,| (.(.Ilrtlt 'A I J 1 .kIi ( ■I'lpti .11 ..| iIh J, (I, \t ' Il