%

^'THE FAUNA OF BRITISH INDIA,

INCLUDING

CEYLON AND BURMA.

tv bushed under the avthoiutv of the secretary of
State for India in Council.

EDITED BY A. E. SHIPLEY, Sc.D.Caiitab., HON. D.Sc. Princeton, F.E.S.
T ASSISTED BY GUY A. K. MAKSHALL, HON. D.Sc. (Oxon.), F.Z.S.

a^,.J,Ml, W.:l,

COLEOPTERA

LAMELLICORNIA
PART II.

(RUTELIN.'E, DESM0NYCINJ2, and EUCHIRIN.^)
G. J. AREOAV

^ OCT 15 i9'7 vj

LONDON:

TAYLOR AND FRAN'CIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.

CALCUTTA :

THACKEK, SPIXK, & CO.

BOMBAY :

THACKEK & CO., LIMITED.

M<n/, lijir.

OCT 2 1 1987

i-/8RARlES

PRINTED BY TAYr.OR AND FRANCIS,
KED LION COUKT, FLKliT STKEET.

CONTENTS.

PllKFACE . V

Systkmatic Indkx ix

Introduction 1

Sti'uctiu'e 3

Colour and Pattern ] 2

Sexual Diiuorplusui lo

Habits and Metauiorplioses 21

Distribution and Classification 24

Table of Subfamiliks of Pleurostict JiAMKM.uoRxs . . . f>

linttliiKe 1

Desmoitycince 359

]i,uchirince 362

Table of Divimonjs of Sij;fam. Kltki.ix.e 26

Pelto)totini 27

Farastasiini 30

Anuntalini 52

u'idoryhinijptilni .... 273

Adurctini 276

Appkndix 377

Alphabetical Ixdkx 381

Explanation of Plates.

PUEFACK

Although issued in the miust of tlie oveat Enrojionn
strugg-le, the chief part of the work represented by this
vohiine was accomplished in more peaceful days when
labourers in the various fields of science still worked
throughout Europe in friendly co-operation and the war
existed only in the programmes of German political am-
bition. Thanks to such co-operation I have had the great
advantage of being able to examine the tyj)es of most of the
]n-eviously-known Indian species figuring here. As before,
the names of those of which a tj^pe or co-type has been
examined are marked with an asterisk.

Many of these types are in the British Museum, but for
the loan of the rest I am indebted to the willing help of the
many friends who, at my request, have submitted them for
ray examination with invariable coui'tesy and kindness. I
wish to |)lace on record my grateful thanks to M. Pieire
Lesne, who has enabled me to examine the numerous types
of Blanchard and Fairmaire in the Paris Museum; M. Rene
Oberthiir, who has sent me the types of Bates in his own
collection ; M. Severin, for those of Candcze in the Brussels
Museum; Dr. Frey-Gessner, of the Geneva Museum, for
the loan of several types of Burmeister contained in that
collection ; Professor Poulton, for lending me those of
Hope, Newman and Westwood in the Oxford Museum ;
Mr. F. H. Gravely for those of Brenske in the Indian
Museum, Calcutta : the late Dr. L. Gauo-lbauer, for the

VI PliEFACB.

Redtenbaclier typos in the Vienna Museum ; T)r. 0. Tasclien-
berg, for several ot" Burnieister's tvpes in tlie Halle Museum ;
Herr Schenkiino;, for those of Kraatz in tlie Berlin Ento-
mological Museum ; Caj)tain Moser, for types of Brenske in
his possession ; and Dr. Oliaus, for some of those described
bv hiniself.

Amongst those who have contril)uted other valuable
materials for the work I must especially mention Dr. R.
Gestro, Director of the Genoa Civic Museum, whose equally
valuable assistance with niy previous volume I accidentally
omitted to acknowledge, and wlio not only contributed the
most important collection of Huti^lin^ which has yet been
•made in Burma (that of the late Leonardo Fea), but also
su{)[)lied the coloured figure reprodncetl in the frontispiece
of the unique ty|)e of 1 f'u-avlorephalus fe(t\ Gestro.

Mr. F. H. Gravely, of the Indian Museum, Mr. T. Bain-
brigge Fletcher^ of the Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa,
Mr. E. E. Green, late Government Entomologist in Ceylon,
and his successors, the late Mr. Rutherford and Mr. G. M.
Henry, Mr. C. F. C. Beeson, of the Forest Research Institute,
Dehra Dun, Mr. E. A. D'Abreu, of the Nagpur (\^ntial
Museum. Mr. E. Ballard, Government Entomologist for
Madras, have all assisted by sending collections belonging
to their various institutions and increased by their personal
exertions. Mr. H. E. Andrewes' large and important collec-
tion has again been of the greatest value ; and the following
gentlemen have all aided by collecting for me in different
parts of India : the late Mr. W. K. Webb, Mr. H. Stevens,
Capt. A. K. Wld-Downing, Mr. C. F. S. Baker and Mr. F.
M. Mackwood.

More than to any other single individual I am indebted
to Dr. Adam Bijving, of the United States National Museum,
for the exceptional kindness with which he copied for me in
America both letterpress and illustrations of an important
memoir published in Germany shortly before the outbreak
of war, which would othei'wise have been inaccessible to

PltKIACE. ^r-

me n may perhaps be M'ell to mention here that, owincr
to the complete severance of communication between Greal
Britain and tlie enemy countries since the beginnino- of
hostilities, I have no knowledoe of any literature which may
I'ave appeared in the latter countries during the past two
years and a half.

In conclusion, I must acknowledge my obligation to
l->r. Gr. A. K. Marshall for the punctilious care which he
has devoted to the preparation of my manuscript for the
press and the detection of errors and discrepancies, to
Mr. Horace Knight for the great pains he has bestowed
upon securmg the accuracy, as well as the artistic finish
of the Illustrations, and, lastly, to my wife for relieving me'
ot much of the more mechanical part of my work.

G. J. ARROW.

March, 1917.

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

PiXLi

Order LAM ELLICOIINIA
Fam. 1. ScARAB.EiD^ . .
Subfain. 1. Rutelince ....
Div. 1. Peltonotiiii. ...

1. Peltoiiotus, linrm.

1. ruorio, Burni

'2. nasutus, Arrinv . .
3. pruiiio.sus, Arroir

1,'iv. 2. Parastasiini ..

i. Peperonota, Wcstiv. . .

1. harriiif^toiii, IVes/tr.

2. cristata, Arrow . .

2. Dicauloceplialus, Gcsfj-,

1 . fe?e, Gesfro

3. I'arastasia, Westw. . .

1 . rafopicta, Wfftfir.

2. birmnna, Arrow . .

3. basalis, Qmd

4. cingala, Arrow. . . .
b. aiidanianica, 0/ian.s

6. Cdiifluens, Westir.

7. heterocera, Oluins

8. biniaculata, Giier.

9. iudica, Ohaus ....

10. .sulcipeiinis, Ge>^frn

11. alternnta, Arrow . .

12. luteola ( Wcsfw.) . .

13. uchracea ( M'aierJi.)

4. Fnilistorferia, Kolbv . .

1 . dnhertyi, Oluriitt

2. birnianica, Arroii

5. Didrepanephorus, If'o

Mason

1. bifalcifer, JVood-Mdf

d-

28
29
29

30

32
33
34
34
35
35
37
38
39
39
40
41
41
42
43
43
45
45
46
47
48
49

50
51

Div. 3. Anomnliiii 52

1. Tropiorrbyiichup. Blanch. . 54

Pno-e

1. orientis (.Yew//;.) 54

2. podagricu.s {Burnt. ) . . . . 54
, Dactylopopilba, Arrow . . 56

1. virescens (Hope) 56

2. blaiicljardi [Ohaus] .... 57

3. opacicollis (Kraatz) . . 58
, Popillia, Serv 58

1. iiasuta, Ncwin 62

] a. kanareiisi,*, Armw . . 377

2. oyauea, Hope. (>2

3. I'elix, Arrow (>.'>

4. marginicoUis, Hope. . . . 64

5. bii'iuaiiica, Arrow .... i'l^i

6. bxnistriafa, Arrow .... 6(>

7. aiidanianica, Krauts . . 60

8. pule lira, Arroyo 67

9. dirticilis, Neicm ()8

10. pmicticollis, Kraalz. ... 69

11. testacei])ennis, Kraatz . 69

12. Hitida. Hope 70

13. Uevicollis, Kraut:: .... 71

14. clypealis, Ohaus 71

15. flavof;)i<ciata, Kraatz . . 72

16. patkaina, Arrow 73

17. ciipricollis, Hope 7'\

18. niacclellandi, Hope .... 74

19. nnttrotti, Kraatz 75

20. patricia, Arrow 75

21. subqiiadrata, Kraufz . . 76

22. gem 111 a, Nen-m 77

23. aiiiabilis, Arroir 77

24. impre.s.'sipyga, Oha/.s . . 78

25. c-rt^niiea. Boh 79

26. feip, K)-aa(z 80

27. ])iilehripes, Arrow .... 80

28. liifida, Keivni 81

29. clildrioii, JS'ewm 82

30. hvxh, Burnt 83

31. clara, Arrow 83

32. exiniia. Arrow 84

33. adaiiins, Xvirni 84

SYSTEMATIC IXDEX.

Popillia {cont'K). Paoe

34. discalis, Walker 85

3o. pio])inqna,, Arroio .... 87

36. coiupluuiita, Newm. . . 87

37. scliizoiivcha, Arrow . . 88

38. sulcata," 7?^vft 89

39. siiiilaiia, Arrow 89

40. pilosa, Arrow 90

41. nnniita, Hope 91

42. pilicollis, Kraiitz 91

4. Callistopopillia, Ohum 92

1. iri.s (Cmid.) 93

2. lurida, Arrow 93

5. Maci()po]iillin, Cliaiis .... 94
1. aiTowi, Ohaus 94

6. Trichiinoinala, Arrow .... 95

1. timbriata (NfiWiii.) ... 95

7. S|)ilnpopillia, Kraatz .... 96

1. se.\,iiiitlata [lutirm.) . . 97

8. Anoplaiiomala, Arrow .... 98

1. olobiilot^a ( Sharp) 98

2. cavneolii {A rrow I .... 99

9. Micrauoraala, Arroio .... 100

1. indica, Arroio 101

2. cinj.;alen8is, Arroin .... 101

3. birmaiiica, Arrow .... 102
10. Miiuela, Kirhij 102

1. niacleayaiia ( 77//o/vs) .. 105

2. passerinii, Hope 105

3. veriiicata ( Fairm.) .... 106

4. pectoralis, Blanch 107

5. splendens [flyU.) 107

6. schneideri, Ohaus .... 108

7. sericea, Ohaus 109

8. pyriformi.s, ^Irr^^w .... 109

9. horsfieldi, Hope 110

10. leei, Sivefl Ill

11. fnlgidhittatn, Blanch. .111

12. ohausi, Arroio 112

13. vittaticollis, Bvrw 113

14. SLibsericea, Arrow .... 113

15. soror, Arrow 114

16. termiualis, Arrow .... 115

17. princeps, Hope 115

18. Ifevig-ata, Arrow 116

19. viridipes, Arrow 116

20. heteroc}\ro\m», Blanch. . 117

21. atkinsoni, Arrow 118

22. rugicaiida, Arroio .... 119

23. amabili-s, Arroio 119

24. glabra, Hope 120

25. dehaaui (Hope) 120

26. iiiarginalis, Arrow .... 121

27. muiidis>inia, iralk 122

28. xaiitliorrbina, Hope. . . . 122

29. auielia, Arrow 123

11

30

31

31

32
A
1,
2,
3,
4,
5.
6,
7.
8.
9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

h.

24.
25.
26.
27.
2S.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.

Paae

inscri])ta (Nonfr.) .... 124

. bicolor, Hope 125

a. pusilla, Arroio 378

. cyaiiipes. Barm 125

noiuala, Sam 126

. hiiKhi {Heller) 131

. hellerl ( Ohaw) 132

. teiiella (Blanch.) 133

. polymorplia (Arrtrir) . . 134

. robusta (0//«;«) 135

. dorsalis, Fabr 136

. xraus versa (Barm.) .... 142
, beiigaleiisis, Blcmch. . . 143

. olivieri, Sharp 144

, illiLsa, Arrow 144

, elata, Fabr 1 45

. superfliia. Arrow. .... 145

polita, Blanch 146

. biliinala, Fairm 147

, ancboralis, Lansh 148

, iiigrnvaria, Arroio .... 149

clerica, Arrow 1 50

rugosa, Arrow 150

singularis. Arrow .... 151

varicolor (Gijll.) 152

nificapilla, Burm 153

tincticeps. Arrow .... 154
nilgirensis, ^r?-o?r .... 155

discors ( Karsch) 155

variivestis. Arrow .... 156

bilobata, Arroiv 156

lissilabris. Arrow .... 157
ang'iiliceps. Arrow .... 158

tris lis, Arrow 1 58

iiiadrasiea, An-ow .... 159

pelhicida. Arrow 159

blanchardi. Arrow .... 160

.seniiusta, Arrow 160

infantilis, Arrow 161

mollis, Arroio 162

couforiuis, Walk 1 62

walkeri, Arroio 163

gravida, Arrow 16.3

communis, Burm 164

andamanica, Arroio . . 16.5

latipes, Arrow 165

biharensis, ^;vo?r .... 166
stenoptera. Arrow .... 167

antiqua, Gi/ll 107

erosa, Arroio 168

vivid a, Arrow 169

procrastinator, Arrow. . 170
luridicolli.s, Arrow .... 170

aegTota, Arroio 171

prtenitens, Arrow .... 171

SYST e:m a TTC I V DE x.

51. stenodera, ^4r/v)?r .... 172
-''yJ. iiiacropliyllii ( iriVc/.) .. \7'-'>
ryja. yesti<2i\tor,Arrou- .... .'J"!)

53. t'liops, Arroiv 17.3

54. pro])iiiqua, Arroiv .... 174

55. aiitliracina, Arroiv .... 175
50. i\\\\i\\\wU\., Arrow .... 17()

57. disoalis, Wa/k 1 7(i

as. dilat.ifa. Arrow 1 77

59. i'^uk-oVns, IJ/a/ick 178

no. dov>i{)]nctR, Arrojr .... 17S

01. falLicicsa, Arrow ]7i-)

02. iiiai'iiiiiipennis, Arrow . 180
(i."). viridilatera, Arrow .... 181

04. birniana (Heller) 181

05. liaiiiifera ( Waik.) .... ISi'

00. nms, Arrow 183

()7. poniona, Arroiv 184

()S. dalbergifie, Arroir .... 184
0!). aiirdi-a, Arrow 185

70. fiacta ( Walk.) 185

71. puella, Arroiv 180

72. fenigma, Arrow 187

73. leporalis, Arrow 187

74. decipien.=i, Arroiv 188

75. sili^iuria, Arroiv 18?

70. Iseta, Arrow 18!)

77. ang-a.'<ia, Arrow 100

78. aiii'eoflava, Arroir .... 190

79. te.starea, Hope 191

80. varieoata, Hope 192

81. coniiiia, A^rrow. . 193

H-2. c-iliatipe.s Arroiv 19.")

8.'5. \oiv/M-i^Tpsi, Arroir 194

84. pallido.spila (^r;7>?r) .. 195

85. Cinderella, Arroiv .... B)!)
8(5. eliinen.''is (Redt ) 190

87. U\\\i\e\\\\-\ii ililinicli.) . . 197

88. si;aiiaticolli,s, A'o;//)'. .. 19S

89. jjalerucina, Arrow .... 199

90. li^iiea, Arrow 202

91. bi'Ufliouiorjiha, Arrow . 203

92. triviigata, i<VaV>» 204

93. seini;iui'ea, Arrow .... 205

94. coiiiiectens, Arrow .... 205

95. diversipeniiis, Arrow . . 200
90. tiiictipeniii.'^, Arrow. . . . 207

97. agili.^i, Arroiv 207

98. niystica, Arrow 208

99. be'Ua. Arrow 208

100. Havofasciata, ^mnt; .. 209

101. ^■A\'w<in\Y\!i, Arroiv ... . 210

102. flavo])icta, Arrow .... 21 1

103. Havonotata, yly?v>?/- . . . 212

104. liiieatopcnnis, llUincli. . 212

Page
105. flavovaiia, ^4/';vv?y .... 213
loo. corvina, Arrow 214

107. se;i!i;enea, Arrow .... 214

108. protea, Arrow 215

109. decorata, A7r.sc/( 210

1 10. coujii^-a (Arroiv) .... 210

111. iim)i)\mvAiiti\., L'linn. .. 217

112. auripeiiiiis, Arroiv .... 218

1 l.">. .slianica, Arrow 218

114. pielipe'^, Arrow 219

1 15. caiitori (Hope) 220

110. laniventri.^, v4/vo«'. . . . 221

117. den.«a, Arrow 221

118. angulicoUis, Arrow .. 222

119. iguiceps, Arroiv 222

120. seniinitens, yl;vo?f .... 228

121. pa])iiria, ^/•ro?r 224

122. xaiithoptera, ij^rtwM. . . 224

123. dawnen.sis, ^4/v«?<' . . . . 225

124. obtu.sicolli.'^, ^r/-o7(' .. 225

125. chrjsochloia, Arrow. . 226
120. de.siccata, Arrow .... 220
127. nialabariensis, /jYrt»c7/. . 227
128 chloroiipta, Arrow. . . . 227

129. perplexa (7/rtw) 228

130. irdistiiicta, ^r/v)w . , . . 229

131. chloropu.syl/vwr 229

132. pes'uen.sis, Arroiv .... 230

133. chl(n'ocai"])a, ^4/-iv'w .. 230
1.34. monochroa, Bate-i .... 231
1.").5. chloro.souia, Arrow . . 231
13(5. di mid lata (//oy^^") .... 232

137. dii.s.suniieri. Blinich. , . 233

138. cliL.roplivlla, ^n-o?t' . . 238

139. cupvipe.s'( Hope) 234

140. grand is (Hope) 234

141. rliodomela, ^4;-/vy?t?. . . . 235

142. oiiloior-lielys. Arrow . . 230

143. iiifiv. ntri.'s', i?«//' 230

144. nierula, Arroiv 237

145. trochaiitei'ica, ^4;-r(<;t'. . 238
140. validipe«. Arrow .... 2.39

147. rose;ti {Non'r.) 241

148. aurouiteiis (Hope) .... 242

149. pf ervirophora (0/io?«) . 243

150. stoliczlut! (67(0;;/;) .... 243

151. xantlioiiota, ^4rr«?r .. 244

152. ampliilissa, Arroiv. . . . 245

153. chrvsoclu'oiua, Arroiv. 246

154. xainhcchmin 1, Arrow. 246

155. tuiuidicauda (Arrow).. 247
150. princ^eps (Krnafz) .... 248

157. chloroinela, Arrow . . 249

158. geniinula. Arrow .... 249
15it. jiga.'Ua. Arrow 250

SYSTEMATIC IN'UE.V.

160. oculicoUis, Arroir .

161. regina [Neivin.) . . .
16:?. madiiva3 {Arroiv) .
163. rugilatera {Arrow)
1G4. degenerata {Arrow)
16;"). stvigata {Cast.) . . .
16<). arniata {Arrow) . . .

167. vittilatera, Arrow .

168. varia {Xewm.) . . .

169. racheliie, Arrow . . .

170. nigroscripta, Arrow

171. ebena {Bnrm.) . . .

172. isolata, Arrow . . .

173. pyroscelis {Ho2w) .

174. festiva, Arroiv . . .

175. erythropteva {Krnatz

176. pusilla, Arroyo ....

177. parva, Arrow

178. doliertyi. ^nvnr. . . .

179. moorei {Kraatz) . . . .

180. flavipes, Arroir . . . .

181. lateralis, Hope ....
12. Itliinyptia, JBurm. .....

1. indica, Burn)

2. iiigrifrons, Kraatz . .

3. suturalis, Kraatz . .

4. meiidionalis. Ari-oir
•'>. lasvieep.-i, Arroir . . . .

Div. 4. Adorrhinyptii ui

1. AdoiThinyptia, ^4rrow ..

1. niticoUis (Kraatz) . .

2. diirsalis (liarm.) . .

3. fusca, Arrow

Div. 5. Adoretiui

1. Prodoretus, Brensle ....

1. bombayanus, Ohnxs

2. nialabarieusis, Ohaus

2. Oxyadoretu.«, Arrow. . . .

1. nasutus, Arroiv ....

2. Isetus, Arroic

S. Scliizadoretiis, Arroir . .

1. rutV.sceiis, Arrow . .
4. Phai'adoretus, Reitt

1. coniptiis [Mhietr.)
'). Pachyrrhinadoretiis, Ohaus

1. rugi]ieiiuis, Ohaus

2. frontatus {Bunn.)
<». Heteropbtbalmus, Blanch

1. ocularis, Blanch. .
7. Trigonostonium, Burnt.

1. ursus, Arrow

■8, Rbamphadoretus, Ohaus

Pape
2r)l
2.12
2.-)2
2.-)3
254
255
255
256
257
258
259
259
260
261
261
262
263
264
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
270
271

273

273

274
274

275

276

279
279

280
281

282
282
283
283,
284
284
285
286
287
288
288
289
289
290

Pai>e

1. sorex, Ohaifx 291

2. suillus, Arrow 291

9. Scapliorrhiiiadoretus, Ohaus 292

1. bimaciilatus, Ohaus . . 292

10. Lissadoretus, Arrow 293

1. pallidas, Arrow 293

1 1. Pseudadoretus, Sent 294

1. dilutellus, S'em 295

1 2. Adoretiis, Cast, 295

1. coronatus, Burin 302

2. seriesetosus, Arrow . . 303

3. lobiceps, Arrow 303

4. excisus, Ohaus 304

5. niinutus, Brenshe .... 305

6. limbatus, Blanch 305

7. enuiueus, Arrow .... 306

8. leo, Arrow 307

9. duplicatiis, Arrow .... 308

10. mavis, Arrow 309

11. bombiiiator, i?wH(. .. 309

12. bicaudatus, ^;vo?r. . . . 310

13. compressus ( Weher) . . 311

14. vitticauda. Arrow .... 312

15. areatus, Ohaus 312

16. birnianus, ^4?'r"7(? .... 313

17. laciistris, Amur 314

18. flaviis, Arroir 315

19. boops, Tiled 316

20. i'raterciilus, Arroio

21. gemmifer, ^-Irro^r ..

22. costopilosiis, Ohiiu.i

23. serratipes, Arroiv . .

24. testaceus (Ho/ie) . .

25. nasalis. Arrow ....

26. lemniscus, Arrow . .

27. celogaster, Arroiv . .

28. corpalentii*, Arrow

29. tener, Arrow

30. reiiardi, Brenske . .

31. epi])leiiralis, Arroio

32. ariel, Arroiv

33. viftorife, Arrow. . . .

34. viilpecnlus, Arroiv

35. pleiiralis, Ohaus. . . .

36. biniarginatus, Ohaus

37. simplex. Sharp ....

38. siiigbalcnsis, Ohaus

39. nepbriticus (Oh-ius)

40. affinis, Arrow

41. debilis. Arrow ....

42. inciirvatus, Ohaus . .

43. nitidu.s, Arrow ....

44. palleiis, Blanch

45. litbobius, Ohaus. . . .

46. ladakanus, Ohuus . .

316
317
318
319
320
320
321
322
323
323
324
325
326
326
327
328
328
329
330
330
331
332
332
333
334
335
33u

SYSiKMATIC IXDKX.

Page

47

stoliczLas, 0/iaus .

. .. 330

48

kiinareusis, Arrow .

.. 337

49.

nigoaii.s, Arruic . . ,

. .. 337

50.

ovalis, Blanch. . . .

. . 338

51.

sorex, Arrow .....

. . 339

62.

ci'ibratus, White. . .

.. 339

53.

lasius, Ohatis

. . 310

54.

posticalis, Arrotv .

.. 340

65.

liucifer, Ohans . . .

.. 341

5G.

audrewesi, Oliaus .

.. 342

67.

lilebejiis, Arrow. . .

.. 342

58.

duvauceli, BlancJi. .

.. 343

69.

liorticola, Arrow . .

.. 344

00.

])uiijabensis, Arroio

.. 344

01.

in us, Arrow

. . 346

02.

distiiigueiKliis, Arro

'.'. 345

o;5.

erythi-oceplialus(i'Wir.) 346

64.

bicolor, L'renxke. . . .

.. 347

06.

docamis, Ohaua ....

.. 347

66.

suturalis, Arrow . .

.. 348

07.

la.-<iopygus, Biirni. . .

.. 349

08.

versutus, Harold . .

.. 350

09.

latirostris, Ohaus . .

.. 352

Page

70. in fans, Arrow 3o2

71. feminalis, .4r/-titt' .... 353

72. bengaleusis, Brenskc . . 353

73. pusilhis. Arrow 364

74. i'usciceps, Arrow .... 355
76. caligiuosus, Biinit 355

76. bracbypygu.s, iy^o-wi. . . 356

77. progredieus, Oltaus . . 367

78. silonicus {(Jhai/s) .... 367

79. gvnmotopiis (0/(««.v). . 358

80. nietneri [Ohuus] .... 359

Siibfam. 2. Desnwni/chui- .... 369

1. Desmonyx, Arrotv 360

1. huuieralis, Arrow .... 361

Subfam. 3. Eachiruur' , . . 362

1. Propomacni.?, Newni 367

1. parryi [Grai/) 369

2. inacieayi {Hopf) .... 373

3. gestroi"(P(;H///.) y74

4. henrici {Boui//.] 375

INTRODUCTlOxN.

Family SCARABCEIDJE.

Subfamily RUTELINiE.

The name EuTELiDiE was first used by Macleay in 1819 (' Horae
Ell torn ologicae ') for the characteristic American genera {Rutela,
Pelidnota, etc.) of the group as now understood, but Maeleav did
not recognize as closely related to these the Oriental forms here
dealt with, which he considered as belonging to the Mblolonthid^.
The first recognition of the actual limits and componeuts of the
group is to be found in Eurmeister's ' Handbuch der Entomologie,'
vol. iv, pt. 1 (1844). In this work, the most important treatise
of which the Lamellicoru beetles have ever been the subject, this
great entomologist elaborated a complete classification of the group,
under the name of Phyllophaga metallica, which is in all essentials
the classification in use at the present time'. Lacordaire, in
vol. iii of his ' Genera des Coleopteres,' made a few minor im-
provements and in particular introduced a more convenient
nomenclature, and the system of classification as then formulated
has not since been superseded or modified in any important
respect. In recent years Dr. Ohaus has published a revision of
the Adobbtini and of various other subdivisions of the Rutelin^,
in which the number of known species has been largely increased,
but his attention has been devoted less to the Oriental members
than to those of certain other regions. The writer of the present
volume has published, in the ' Annals and Magazine of Natural
History,' various short papers designed to bring up to date the
enumeration of the species known from Ceylon, Burma, and other
parts of the Indian Empire.

The B/UTELiN^ form a branch of the huge Family Soaeab^id^,
not separated by any profound difference either in structure or
habits from the Dynastin.e on the one hand and from the Melo-
liONTHiN^ on the other. With the Dynastin.e in particular there
is the closest relationship, certain genera standing practically on
the border-line. The most important features for the separation
of liuTELiN^ from Dtnastin^ are the mobile and unsym metrical
claws, the larger one of which upon some (but rarely all) of
the legs is usually cleft at the tip, and the well-developed and
■externally-visible labrum. In the Dynastin^ the claws are

B

2 KUTELIN^,

symmetrical, scarcely capable of movement and not cleft, except
upon the front feet of certain males. The labrum of the DxNASTiNiE
is reduced to a thin membrane in the roof of the mouth and
is not visible without removal of the jaws. The forms which
connect the two subfamilies are natives of Australia and Tropical
America, which areas, directly connected iu early Tertiary times,
may probably be regarded as representing the place of origin of
both groups.

In his great work on the classification of the Coleoptera
(' Genera des Coleoptores '), Lacordaire gave as the only rigorously
distinctive character of the RuTELiNiE " les trois dernieres paires
de stigmates abdominaux divergeant fortement en dehors," in
contradistinction to the Melolouthinje in which those spiracles
are " divei'geant faiblement de dedans en dehors.'' This antithesis,
first enunciated by Erichson in his ' Naturgescliichte der lusecten
Deutschlands,' has since been repeated by various eminent author-
ities without ex])lanatiou, although (Sharp, iu the Cambridge
Natural History, has altered the formula to " abdominal spiracles
placed almost in a line " (Melolonthin^) and " abdominal spi-
racles placed in two lines " (Eutelin^). In both forms the
exact meaning of the phrases is difficult to grasp, even when actual
specimens are compared. The meaning I believe to be, as I have
expressed it in my previous volume, that in the ETTTEJiiNjE the
posterior spiracles of the two sides are placed in two strongly
diverging lines, while in the Melolois^thin^ they form scarcely
diverging lines. Attempts to apply this generalisation have
proved unsuccessful, and I have been obhged to abandon it as of
no real value. Many differences occur in the position and relative
sizes of the spiracles, but these do not indicate any natural line
of cleavage, as supposed by Erichson and his successors. For
many genera the formulce given above are correct, but they are
certainly not of general application. In the Euteline genus
Lagocliile, for instance, the spiracles are almost in a straight line,
while in Hoplia the line formed by them bends out\Aards as
strongly as in any Ruteline I have examined. It is doubtful
whether Lacordaire's criterion has ever served for the actual
resolution of any doubtful case, and probably the great authority
rightly attached to his name is the chief reason for the long-
continued repetition of a useless formula.

The structure of the claws is really sufficient to distinguish the
ButeliNjE, not only from the Dynastin^ but from all other
related groups. In the typical Melolonthin^ the claws are all
alike, quite symmetrical on each foot, and not separately, if at all,
movable. In rare instances (e. g. Cyplionoxia) there is asymmetry,
but not inequality in length, in those of the male and in a few
cases (e.g. Plectris) there is a slight inequality in each pair of
claws, but (unlike any Ruteline) the shorter claw is cleft like
the longer. The Hopliin^ have sometimes, like the Kutelinje,
very mobile and dissimilar claws, one claw in some cases having
disappeared altogether from the hinder pairs of legs, but here
again both, if any, are cleft. This group, however, is so distinct

INTRODUCTION. S

and easily defined that it oflPers no real difficulty. In the chiws
of the RuTELiN^, the outer one upon the fore feet and the inner
one upon the reiiiainiug feet (or, in other words, the posterior claws
of all the feet, if the latter are imagined as held at right angles to
the axis of the body) are always smaller than the rest and always
quite simple in form, while the longer one may he cleft at the
tip, lobed beneath, or distorted in shape.

The existence of isolated and aberi-ant forms always renders
difficult the effort to find differential characters of universal appli-
cation to large aggregates of species, and where the real affinities
of such forms are uncertain it is better to separate them than to
force them arbitrarily into the great groups. Propomacrus (or
Eucliirus) and Desmonyx are peculiar Indian genera, having
relationships more or less indefinite with the Rutelin^, but
not according with any of the four great groups of Pleurostict
Lamellicornia as given in the Table on p. 23 of my previous
volume. I have treated each of these as belonging to a separate
subfamily.

The following amplified Table will show the relationship of the
RuteliNjE to the other subfamilies of Pleurosticts occuri'ing in
the Indian region.

Labrum membranous, not visible externally.
Mandibles not visible externally ; front coxae

vertical Cetoniin^.

Mandibles visible externally ; front coxse trans-
verse Dynastin^.

Labrum thick, more or less exposed.

Labrum (and maxillae) degenerate, scarcely chiti-

nous Desmonychin^.

liabrum well-developed.

6th ventral segment not retractile.

Claws unequal, separately movable, the

shorter one always undivided Rutelin^.

Claws equal (or if unequal, both cleft)
and not separately movable.
External lamelloe of the anteunal club

enclosing the middle one Euchirin^.

External lamella3 of the antennal club not

enclosing the middle one Melolonthin^.

6th ventral segment retractile Hopliin^.

Structure.

None of the Eutelin^e approach the size of the largest
DvNASTiNJE and Cetoniin^, few of them exceeding an inch in
length, and the external skeleton is generally less hard than in
these neighbouring subfamilies, from which results a rather
greater inconstancy of form. The remarkable outgrowths of
head and thorax seen in many of the Dynastin^ and a few
Cetoniin^ are not found in the present group, except in the
very singular Indian form Peperonota, the male of which has a
curious prolongation backwards of the thorax. But in several
genera nearly related to that there is an enormous enlargement

B 2

4

BUTELIN^.

of the mandibles in the males — like that so characteristic of the
Stag-beetles. The organs of the mouth do not differ essentially
from those of the DYNASTiNiE, but the labrum is more developed
and is sometimes produced in a vertical direction to meet the
labium. This process has advanced to such a degree in the genus
Adoretus that the mouth is completely divided and the ends of the

I'ig. 1. — Mimela macleayana and enlarged details: — h., head; c, clypeus ;
•pro., prothorax ; pr»., pronotuin ; pst., prosternum ; rriBt.^ mesosternum ;
m-p., mesothoracic epimeron ; mtep., metathoracic episternum ; s., scu-
tellum ; c.cox., coxal cavity; ah., abdominal segment; pg., pygidiura ;
e., elytron, sut., elytral suture; f. I., {ore, log; m.L, middle leg; h.l.,
hind leg ; cox., coxa ; tr., trochanter ; fern., femur ; tib., tibia ; tar., tarsus ;
ant., antennae; sc, scape; c^., club; m., mandible; mx., maxilla; mp.,
maxillary palpus; ^r., labrum; Z., labium; me., mentum ; Ip., labial palpus.

mandibles are unable to meet and instead work one against each
side of the process, the sides of which are sharply toothed or
ridged. Except in the Parastasiini, to which belong the species
just referred to with enlarged mandibles in the male, and the
allied Eutelini in America, the mandibles in the resting position

INTEODUCTION.

are not visible from above, beiug covered by the cljpeus, and are
shorr, stout, and simple in form. The maxill® are strong biting
organs furnished with a number of sharp teeth or cutting blades.
The labium is soHd and strongly chitinised. The clypeus is
generally well-developed, with founded and upturned edge, but
in a few cases it is produced into a narrow snout, as in Tropior-
rhynchus, liJimnpUa and Adorrhimjptia. The eyes are often rat her
large, and m many of the Adoretini and some species oi Anomala
(probably nocturnal in their habits) thev are very large indeed,
especially in the males. The antennae consist of 10, or in a great
many cases of 9 joints, with a club of invariably three joints of
equal size.

The head, prothorax, and hind-body are very closely fitted
together, the first deeply sunk into the second, and the base of
the pronotum generally having either an emargination corre-
sponding to the front of the scutellum (e. g. PopilUa) or a shght
lobe by which the latter is more or less overlapped. In the
Oriental Rutelin^ the scutellum is never of very large size, as in
some American genera.

Legs.—ThQ legs are formed as in the Dynastin^. The front
coxae are very prominent and contiguous, but the prosternum may
be elevated behind them, and in the genus Mimela the process so
formed is bent forward at a right angle, hiding the junction and
appearing as though interposed between them. The middle coxas
are usually also in contact, but in some species of various genera
(Anomala, Mimela, Pamstasia, etc.) the mesosternum is produced
between them, sometimes forming a long pointed process. Although
the difference m the configuration of the lower surface of the body
according as such a process is present or absent appears consider-
able, the form of the mesosternum seems to have little real
significance from the point of view of classification, being found
in all degrees of development in species closely related, while a
process of practically identical form may appear independently in
widely separated genera, as it appears also in the Cetoniin.e and

MELOLOXTHIIS^iE.

The feuiora undergo no important changes of form. Occasion-
ally the hind femur of the male bears a tooth at its posterior
edge, but this occurs only in one Indian species known to me
viz. Anomala armata. Sometimes also the hind trochanters are
produced in the form of spines {Tropiorrhynchus podagrims and
Anomala trochanterica). In certain American genera belonging
to different groups of Eutelin.i^ {Macraspis, Gemates) the femora
bear well-developed organs for producing sound by rubbing ao-ainst
the sides of the body, but nothing of the kind has been found in
any Oriental representative, or indeed in any part of the world
except Tropical America.

Tlie front tibia is armed at its outer edge with one, two, or
three teeth, but there are never more than three, although' in
some species of Adoretus the upper part is finely serrated above
the teeth or even between them. The single articulated spine

6 KTJTELIN^.

near the base of the front tarsus, normally pi'esent in all Lamelli-
cornia, is lost in AnopJanomala. The middle and hind tibia? are
fringed externally at the end with short rigid spines, in addition
to the two larger terminal spines at the inner edge of each. There
are also almost always two rows of spines crossing obliquely the
outer face of each of the four posterior tibiae. The structure of
the legs in fact is very constant, although their actual contour
varies very considerably. The hind tibiae, for instance, may be
very slender and taper at each end, or they may be extremely
short and triangular with their widest part at the extremity, but,
although for distinguishing the species it is important to observe
carefully the exact shape of these members, every gradation is
found in the same genus and some diii'erence is frequent in the
two sexes of the same species.

The tarsi are slender and loosely articulated, except in the
Paiiastastini, in which they are closely articulated and compara-
tively short. No reduction occurs in the number (hve) of joints
as in the Cetoniin^ and other subfamilies. The posterior edge
of each joint is drawn out beneath into short processes, usnally
two in number, and these alternate with very stout articulated
but immovable spines, which are evidently important aids to pro-
gression. In the Pakastasitni these accessory structures seem
of less importance and the basal joints are not produced beneath,
but the penultimate joint is drawn out into a single strong process.
u addition to the locomotory spines referred to there are other
more slender spines and hairs, and in particular a pair at the end
of the penultimate joint and two pairs at the end of the claw
joint which are very long and delicate, the latter radiating out-
wards as a kind of circlet around the base of the claws, and as
long as, or even longer than, the claws themselves (see Atwrnala
ciliutipes). These delicate organs ai'e no doubt the terminals of
sensory nerves and provide the highly chitinous extremities with
the sense of touch. This is presumably also the function of the
pulvillus (or onychium ), the finger-like structure which arises
between and a little in front of the claws and bears at its
extremity a pair of fine hairs, sometimes diverging strongly
and sometimes in close apposition, so that they look like a single
hair.

In the EuTELiN^ the claws assume a greater variety and
importance for systematic purposes than ni any other group,
except perhaps the Melolonthin^ and Hopliin^. The two
claws are always of unequal length, freely movable and capable
of being folded close against the foot, a faculty which, at least in
the four posterior legs, is not attained in any allied group. This
is an adaptation for an existence amongst foliage and perhaps of
special use in clinging to the edges of leaves. In those Lainelli-
cornia, like the CoprinvE and GeotrupinjE, which crawl upon the
ground, the claws are always simple, svmmetrical and immovable,
and this is also the case in those which are found upon trees and
flowers, but not upon foliage, as in the Lucanid.4), Passalid.i:,

INTRODUCTION.

and CETONiiN'iE. The present subfamily and the MelolonthiNjE
and HoPLiiN^ are the pre-eminently leat'-feediug gronps of
Lainellicornia, and in these, although in different ways, we find a
special tendency to depart from the primitive simple form of
claw-strncture. In the Melolonthin^ and Hopliinje an even
more highly modified structure may be observed, but the great
n)obility found in the Ruteline claw does not occur there and,
Avirh a few exceptions, the claws of all the feet are alike. In the
present group those of the first, second, and third pairs of legs

Fig. 2. — Tarsal claws: — a, claws of Propomacriis (Euchirina) ; b, hind claws
oi Anomala dorsalis ; c, front claws of Auomala dorsalis, male; d, ditto,
female ; e, front claws of Adoretvs suttiralis, female ; f, hind claws of
Adorefus suttiralis, male ; g, middle claws of A. sicturalis, male.

may all show some difference and are rarely all alike, the hind-
most pair, and sometimes the two hinder pairs, commonly having
a simpler form of claw than the others, that is, the larger one of
the two claws is less often cleft at the tip. The outer claw of
the four posterior feet, and the inner one of the front feet, are
always longer than the others, and it is the longer claw alone
which tends to bifurcation. The meaning of the varied forms
and combinations in which this bifurcation is found is less obvious

8 EUTELINvE.

than that of the mobility and prehensih'ty of the claws, but a»
the points of the claws act as grappling hooks, no doubt extra
security is gained by two points of contact instead of one, while
the extreme fineness and delicacy of the Ruteline claws, which
would be speedily injured by use upon the hard ground or the
trunks of trees, is quite suited to the soft surface of green leaves.
\n one group of EuteliNjE — the Parastasiini — in which every-
hing points to a mode of life in marked conti-ast to that of the
rest, and which are certainly not foliage-feeders, the claws are
much more robust and blunt.

It is not surprising to find the prehensile character of the claws
especially developed in the males of many of the species. As a
rule this applies only to the front claws, the larger of which is
very often dilated and abruptly bent inwards. Sometimes the
enlarged claw meets in the folded position a special projection
from the lower surface of the penultimate joint, and this pro-
jection may be deeply and regularly scored to increase its gripping
power, while the whole tarsus is then generally shortened and
thickened, obviously indicating great muscularity (fig. 6), The
inner surface of all the thickened joints may be regularly and
microscopically scored (e. g. in species of Popillia) like the face
of a file. In some cases the longer middle claw is modified in the
same sex, and the longer hind claw as well as the others may be
entire in one sex and bifurcated in the other. It is a remarkable
fact that this bifurcation indicates the male in certain genera
and the female in others. Thus, in some Anomalini, while the
females have the longer front and middle claws cleft, the males
have all entire, or (as in Poinllia) all but the front ones. In
certain Pabastasiini, on the contrary, the simpler form of claw
indicates the female, that sex, in Parastasia conftiens and allied
species, having all the claws simple, while the longer one of the
four posterior feet is cleft in the males.

Elytra. — The elytra in one large section of the subfamily
(Anomalini) have a peculiar narrow membranous fringe, devoid of
pigment and quite different in texture from the remaining surface,
around the external margin. The pattern of impressed lines and
punctures upon the elytra presents considerable variety in this
group, and observation of its exact character is important for
the discrimination of the almost endless series of exceedingly
similnr species, often highly inconstant in coloration, which
largely compose such genera as Anomala and Popillia. For the
clearly comprehensible description of this feature it is essential
to adopt a consistent method of enumeration and nomenclature,
and the method adopted and the considerations on which it is
based are explained here. Widely different as the configuration
of the surface of the elytra appear? in different species, careful
comparison enables us to trace its development in all cases back to
a primitive condition which was probably common to the ancestors
of most, if not all, beetles.

In the soft undeveloped elytra of the pupa, in which the

IISTllODUCTIOX. &

ancient unmodified wings partly persist, six elevated ribs or
nervures containinc; the main tivichese and other vessels are
plainly visible, one running along each margin of the wing and
four between and parallel to them. In many species of AdoretuSy
Aiwmala, etc., as well as in the Dynastin^ and other groups, a
practically identical condition is seen in the mature state, the six
ribs being divided by the humei-al callus or shoulder prominence
into an inner and outer series of three, and separated by broader
intervals which generally diminish from the inner to the outer
margin (fig. 3, a). The two innermost and broadest of these
intervals are dorsal, the third is continuous with the shoulder
prominence, and the two outermost intervals are lateral and more
or less perpendicular. These lateral costae and intervals are
generally crowded together and show few distinct differential
characters, and it is sufficient to examine those which lie between
the sutural or inner edge and the shoulder, i. e. those here called
the dorsal spaces. The six elevated ribs, called the primary

vAirn^

Fig. 3. — Right elytron, to show types of sculpture : a, primitive condition ;
/;, intermediate condition ; c, advanced condition ; d, humeral callus.

costae, are counted from the inner edge of the elytron, the first
being also luiovvn as the sutural costa and the third as the intra-
humeral. The primary costae are generally emphasised by a line
of punctures bordering them on each side, sometimes united
into a continuous groove, and the punctures or grooves often
remain when the costae have disappeared as elevations above the-
general level. The appearance of a line of punctures, more or
less regular and complete, along the middle of each of the
intervals (or at least of the inner ones) separating the primary
costae, forms the next and most common stage in the Eutelin^e
(fig. 3, b). These secondary lines are often so far developed as
to be practically indistinguishable from those which outline
the primary costae, so that seven similar and equidistant lines
appear between suture and shoulder instead of five unequally
spaced ones (fig. 3, c). Earely, as in some species of Farasiasia,
the lines vanish almost completely, leaving the surface smooth,,
but the lines which indicate the primary costae are more persistent

EUTELIN^.

than the secondary and later-developed intermediate ones, which
often break up, so that they may become partly duplicated or may
he scattered irregularly over the interprimary spaces, as in most
species of Adoretus.

Tlie spaces lying between the lines or grooves are called the
elytral intervals, and they, like the lines, are counted consecutively
from the suture outwards. The second interval from the suture
(frequently very broad and sometimes more or less completely
■divided along the middle) is called the subsutural one. In order
that parts not really corresponding may not be confused by being
siu)ilarly numbered, it is important to distinguish between the
priuiary and interprimary spaces. This can always be done by
remembering that the humeral callus (or shoulder-prominence)
is always just beyond the third primary costa, and that when
there are more than five intervals between it and the suture
{i. e. dorsal intervals) the 2nd and 3rd are derived from the
subdivision of the 2nd, and the 5th and 6th from that of the
4th primary intervals.

Abdomen. — The abdomen consists beneath of six visible seg-
ments, the first almost covered by the coxae and only slightly
exposed in the middle and at the sides. The first five segments
are capable of little or no separate movement, but between the
5th and 6th there is a wide flexible membrane, allowing free
play to the terminal segment. This segment may be large or
very small. In the female it is genei"ally fairly large and its
posterior edge coincides with that of the last dorsal segment
(pygidium). The latter is usually large and completely exposed,
and a part of the preceding segment (propygidium) is often
exposed also.

(Tenitalia. — In distinguishing the often closely similar species
here dealt with I have made considerable use of the genitalia of
the males, which in these insects can be removed and mounted
with little difficulty. The abdomen can with care be detached
in the dry state by pressure exerted beneath the elytra and can be
re-attached after the removal of its contents, a process which will
incidentally have the effect of reducing the risk of the destruction
of the specimen from subsequent chemical changes. The higlily^
chitinous sedeagus, when separated, should be fixed to a card strip
in such a way that it can be easily seen from every side. For
diagnostic purposes the rigid external sheath alone is usually
regarded, and the outline figures accompanying this work represent
that part only. Within the tubular sheath is the eversible sac, with
its generally complicated armature of spines, which may be found
extruded to a greater or less extent. Being a soft structure this
has no fixed outline and must be carefully left out of account
when comparisons are made. The highly chitinised sheath may
consist of a single tubular piece terminating in a kind of spout
of varying form, as in the genus Adoretus and certain groups of
Anoniala, the orifice being on the dorsal side in the former and
the ventral side in the latter, but generally terminates in a pair of

INTRODUCTION. ll

lobes, called the paramera, on the dorsal side and a median lol)e
ventrally, wliich is often strongl}' bifurcated. It is this terminal
part which, in the present subfamily, assumes an extraordinary
variety of forms, and in species closely allied usually exhibits
differences of shape so well-marked as to afiord more definite and
certain evidence of distinctness than any part of the external
anatomy. Strange and almost fantastic forms are sometimes
found, reminiscent of the external outgrowths of many male
Lamellicornia, but without the extreme variability so cliai'ac-
teristic of those outgrowths. The sedeagus indeed seems to
combine a tendency to more rapid and considerable changes
under certain conditions with less variability under other con-
ditions than other parts of the body. When a species forms a
compact colony of restricted range, although in colour and other
external features it may show great variability, the form of the
aedeagus appears to be very constant ; but in wide-ranging
insects the ae leagus is sometimes found to exhibit in different
localities differences of form which, when the extremes are com-
pared, are strikingly unlike. Such a case is re])resented in
Fachiirrhinadoretus (Plate V, figs. 4-10), in which a remarkable
transition in the shape of the organ is traced as we advance from
north to south. Another instance is shown in Plate IV, figs. 30-32
representing Adoretus costopiJosus, another wide-ranging insect.
Eig. 32 is from a typical example from the Andaman Islands,
fig. 31 from one taken in the Chittagong Hills, and fig. 30 from the
United Provinces. Such variation, according to mj^ observation,
is always geographical and not found in individuals from the same
place. It must be supposed that this divergence in members of
the same community would constitute an obstacle to interbreeding
nnd so become immediately checked. We may also assume that
the isolation of outlying colonies of such wide-ranging species by
t!ie elimination, from any cause, of the species in a connecting
district would result in their complete separation from the rest
and so give rise to independent species, which would not neces-
sarily show any external distinctive features. These organs are
therefore of great importance and, while the occurrence of con-
siderable variability must not be overlooked, it may be stated as
a general rule that specimens with the same form of sedeagus,
although otherwise dissimilar, are conspecific, and that specimens
from the same locality with a different form of sedeagus, although
they may be otherwise similar, are specifically different. The
external characters separating the species in many groups of the
genus Anomala, for instance, are so minute that, unless con-
siderable series are compared with extreme care, their significance
can scarcely be appreciated; but when such series ai-e not available
the examination of the a3deagi will often reveal marked differences
which unmistakably indicate that more than one species is
present. The value of the sedeagus for the purpose of classi-
fication consists, not in any essential difference in its degree of
constancy as compared with otiier features, but in the fact that

12 RUTELIN.E.

the changes it undergoes are larger in amount, relatively to it»
size, and therefore more measurable, than those of any part of the
external anatomy, subject as the latter is to the restraining effect
of environment.

Colour and Pattern.

The EuxELiN^, while they include many species, in India and
elsewhere, which for beauty and brilliance of colouring can scarcely
be excelled, are less generally characterised by bright combination*
of colour than the CetoniinvE. Regarded as a whole their colours
are simple and, in their natural environment, inconspicuous.
Certain large groups, like the Adoretini and an important part
of the great genus Anomala, which are nocturnal in their habits^
are of dull brown or yellowish shades, and many of the remainder,,
which in all probability frequent and feed upon foliage by day,
are of various shades of green in harmony with their surroundings.
The chief exceptions to this are found in the Parastasiini, which
from morphological evidence already mentioned, may be safely
pronounced to be neither nocturnal nor foliage-frequenting.
Amongst these are Indian species of bright red hue (Farasiasia
sulcipennis), sharply contrasted scarlet and black (P. alternata),
and jet-black with strikingly conspicuous orange markings {P.
rufopicta, P. basalis, etc.). The conclusion seems irresistible that
these insects, unlike most other Rutelin^, aim at conspicuous-
ness and not at concealment. I believe it will be found that the
members of this group are generally unpalatable, while the rest
are for the most part relished by birds and insectivorous animals.
Probably certain species of Anomalini with sharply contrasted
colours are also unpalatable. A number of Indian species, like
Mimela fidjulivittata, M. leei, and M. horsjiekli, Anomala auronitens^
and A. j'terygophorus, and Callistopopillia. irn, are striped with
fiery-red and golden bands upon a brilliant green background,
and others, like Macropopillia an^owi, Anomala princeps, A.jluvo-
picta and many more, show sharp contrasts of orange and black
or green.

Among the nocturnal Adoretini, while the colouring is almost
uniformly dingy, a number of species have a more or lesg com-
plicated pattern produced by tlie manner of distribution of the
fine setfe with which the surface is clothed. This is a very
interesting phenomenon, the meaning of which is quite unknown.

When writing, in the previous volume, of colour and pattern
in the CETONiiN^iE, I referred to the wide limits of variation in
those features and their unreliability for the discrimination of
the species, l^his is perhaps even more true of the Kutelin.t:,
as is seen in such extraordinarily variable insects as Anomala
polymorpha and A. transversa, Popillia discalis, and many other.-;
but another fact of equal importance emerges rather strikingly
from the study of the present subfamily, namely, the great
significance of types of coloration as indications of the natur;il

INTRODUCTIOX. ^3

affinities of the species. While great dissimilarity in coloration
ot different individuals is consistent with their speci6c identity
in a wider sense the colour may be found to have a very great
degree of constancy and to form the most distinctire and
important feature ot large groups of species. Various natural
groups will be indicated in this volume which, varyinc^ rvreatlv
in structural features, are recognisable by a definite system of
■coloration common to all their members

The colouring of the lower surface 'is of greater significance
from this standpoint than that of the upper surface, behig much
more free from individual variation. The colouring of the upper
surface vanes to such an extent in many species that some speci-
mens appear light with dark markings and others dark with light
markings, but in practically every case a glance at the lower
surlace is enough for the relegation of an insect to its proper
category-hght or dark. For instance, Anomala varicohr and
A. ruflcapiUa are normally light-coloured species with some dark
dorsal ;.reas, but specimens of both occur in which the dark colour
predominates, while in another variable species, Anomala ruqosa
the female IS predominantly hght above and the male predomi-
nantly dark ; but in all these the lower surface, in the dark and
hght specimens alike, will be found to be pale-coloured. Anomala
transversa again may be entirely black, black with a pale trans-
verse band upon the elytra, or almost whollv pale above ; but
here also the lower surface, which is invariably black, reveals at
once that the dark phase is the original and the light the acquired
condition. ° '■

In this great genus A^iomaJa, which is so huge and various as
to aftord abundant materials in itself alone for the study of very
many entomological problems, certain groups have been separated
as distinct genera on account of the shape of the mesosternum,
which difi-ers to a very striking extent, but which seems to havJ
in reality much less importance than has been generally attached

. -ft' , u / '" l" ^"'°."P ""^ ""^"'^^y ^^l^^^ed Malayan species,
typified hy Anomala citrina, Lansb., all of them having the same
peculiar pale greenish-lemon tint, but all differing in the degree
of development of the mesosternum, which may have a strong
pointed process or none at all, showing that as a group-character
this structural feature is of less importance than the colour

The most cursory survey of the genus will reveal amongst its
very heterogeneous elements two conspicuous types— (1) long and
rather parallel-sided species of pale colour, and (2) short-bodied
oval species, generally of some shade of rich green. After long-
contmued efforts to deHne these groups by means of structural
characters I found myself obliged to reject all the latter as
insufficiently stable and to recognise that the type of coloration
really forms the most deep-seated and natural distinctive feature
ihe presence or absence of any degree of metallic lustre is a very
important indication of the affinities of a species. Anomala mar-
c/impenms is a pale, elongate insect, which seems at first sight to

14 kuteliNyI.

have all the features of the pale-coloured group Urst mentioned
above, and indeed has the closest resemblance to some of its
members. Close attention shows it to have a very slight metaUic
lustre, and a still more minute examination reveals two other
rather recondite characters, namely, the toothing of the front tibiae
and the middle claws of the female, by which its true affinities
are shown to be quite different from its apparent ones.

It is thus evident that, greatly as the coloration of these
insects is liable to vary, this variation has definite limits, and in
order that we may not be bewildered by it, it is important to
ascertain as far as possible the principles by which it is governed.

As horticulturists find that within a certain range of colours
variations ai*e easily produced, whilst others are practically incom-
patible, it is no doubt the case with insects that colour-variation,
although sometimes appearing almost unrestrained, is actually
limited to shades which are distinguished by a minimum of
chemical difference, minute chemical changes suificient to produce
these occurring at a sensitive period in the development, possibly
under the influence of environmental conditions. A certain range
of metallic colours, of which brilliant greens are the predominant
tints, seem the most liable to variation of this kind, and typical
instances are Anomala fidviventris and A. jiolymorpha^ of which,
although very brilliant, it is quite impossible to say what is the
normal colouring.

Differences of pattern belong to another category, and are
dependent on the quantity of pigmented surface, and therefore
upon the amount of pigment produced. Pigmentation appears to
begin at certain fixed points and to extend in particular directions,
forming patterns which are generally very simple and are often
found to recur independently in quite unrelated groups — some-
times forming the basis of mimetic resemblances, in which the
shape of the mimic and not the coloration is the more recently
acquired character.

A reduction in the amount of pigment produced may result in
the simplification of the pattern by reversion to a more primitive
one, or its complication by the failure of small pigment-masses to
unite into large ones.

Greuerally speaking, pigmentation is slight when the chitinous
integument is thin and increases with the strengthening of the
latter; soft-bodied insects being very frequently yellowish in
colour, while the highest degree of chitinisation is as frequently
accompanied by black or very dark colouring. Snnilarly the
darkest-coloured parts of an individual insect are commonly found
to coincide with the hardest parts of the external skeleton. Thus
in an insect's wing the colouring-matter is generally distributed
very thinly through the membrane, but concentrated in the veins.
In "the body we commonly find a similar concentration at the
extremity of leg- and anteunal joints, in the jaws, spines, and
other highly chitiuised parts, the thickened bosses or calli pro-
duced near the shoulders and apices of the elytra, and on the

IXTHODUCTION.

15

vertex of the head in many beetles. There is darker pigment
also at the edges of plates, especially wlieretwo edges have united,
forming a highly chitinised suture, and this often remains as a
dark line wlien all other trace of the suture has vanished. In-
crease of the amount of pigment produced results in the dilatation
of these colour-patches and their fusion in a variety of ways.

Sexual Dimorphism.

Tlie present subfamily is not, like the Dy^tastin^, the Coprin^,
and the Lucanid^e, a group in which dimorphic forms are pre-
dominant. Highly developed armatures, such as are familiar in
those groups, are here found in a very few cases only ; but,,
although not in its most exaggerated forms, Sexual Dimorphism
can be studied with special advantage in the Eutelin^e, for
there is perhaps no group of similar size in which it manifests
itself in a greater variety of phases. This applies in a special
degree to the Oriental representatives.

Fig. 4. — Extremity of tlie body of : a, Anomala (ventral side), female ; b, ditto,,
male : c, Adoretus (lateral view), male ; d, ditto, female.

In larger genera like Anomala and Adoretus, in whicli the species
are .very numerous and difficult to distinguish, it often happens
that the two sexes of the same insect, although not differentiated
by any obviously sexual features, like the horns or mandibles in
the other groups just mentioned, resen)ble each other less than
they do specimens of the same sex of closely allied species, and it
is therefore of great importance to know with certainty the sex
of the example it is desired to identify. The sex-nuirks in the
subfamily are very many and various, and some, like division of
the claws, may indicate the male in one case and the female in

16 EUTELIN^.

another. But there are certain indications by vvliich the sex may
be accurately determined in abiiost every ease without difficulty.
Thus throughout the Adoebxini it will be found that the female
has the abdomen more or less convex beneath and the pygidium
very short and little exposed (fig. 4,d), while in the male the
abdomen is arched or hollowed a little from the base to the
extremity, and the pygidium is comparatively long, protuberant,
and exposed (fig. 4, c).

In the Anomalini the shape of the last ventral segment pro-
vides a constant distinction. In the female it is triangular or
semicircular, that is, its widest part is in the middle (fig. 4, a).
In the male tliis is never the case, the segment being short, its
hinder edge more or less excised and the excision filled in with
a smooth shining membrane (fig. 4, b). The male may also be
recognised by the dilatation in some degree, sometimes very great,
of the inner claw of the front foot.

In the PA.RASTASIIISI, although Sexual Dimorpliism is more pre-
valent than in any other group of Rutelin^e and assumes a greater
variety of forms, there is no single and invariable distinguishing
feature by which the sex of a specimen can be easily recognised,
•but a careful examination of the abdomen will reveal in the
majority of cases a certain characteristic difference of form. In
females the hinder part is more protuberant and pointed in shape,
while in the males it is more or less shortened, and the last dorsal
segment (pygidium) is more vertical in position. Another fre-
quently-found difference is in the shortening and thickening
of the front tarsi of the males, generally accompanied by a dilata-
tion of the inner claw, as in the Anomalini.

In the General Introduction to the Lamellicornia of India, 1
have expressed my opinion tliat the most striking examples of
Sexual Dimorphism are to be regarded as due to a hypertrophy
of parts of the anatomy of the male which have ceased to have
any functional importance. Although a few remarkable examples
of this class are found in the Eutelin^, they are quite excep-
tional, but there are two other classes which appear here in
considerable variety, although not well represented in the groups
previously dealt with.

The first of these classes concerns the sensory organs, which,
as in insects of most orders, are subject to specially high develop-
ment in the male. Particularly in cases where the female is
wingless or inactive, the antennse of the male may assume very
much enlarged or elaborated forms. Amongst the Pleurostict
Lamellicornia wingless females are practically confined to the
MelolonthiNjE, and it is in that subfamily alone that the club of
the antennae of the male is subject to any multiplication of the
number of joints composing it. In all othei's that number is
invariably three in both sexes, and any sexual modification is con-
fined to an increase in their size. Even this is almost unknown
in the CetoniiNjE, in which the two sexes appear to be equally
active. The same applies to the Dykastin^ as a whole, except

IXTKOniTCTTON". 17

in a group of Australian genera (Cor>jnopJu/lh'.s, etc.), the females
of which are sluggish and rarely found, and the males have the
antennal club so greatly enlarged as to form their most conspicuous
feature.

In the RuTELiN.E some degree of elongation of the club is
almost general in tlie male, but the greatest development is found
in cei't;ii!\ species of Anomala {A. macro/'hi/Ila, communis, and
alhed forms). In these it is generally found that the female is
rare, or at least more rarely captured tlian the male, the reason
being, not necessarily that the actual numbers of the sexes are
very disproportionate, but more probably that the females are
sluggish in their habits and expose themselves less to the risk of

Fig. 5. — Adorefns vermtns : a, male ; b, female.

capture than the males. The enlargement of the sensory surface
of the antennae of the latter probably implies a corresponding
delicacy of the sense of smell, and, like the enlargement of the
eyes, which often accompanies it, has become necessary in conse-
quence of the need for seeking out the females in their retreat.
The enlargement of the eyes is always accompanied by a reduction
in the size of the clypeus, and this form of sexual disparity
occurs in both Anomala and Adoretus, becoming most accentuated
in the Adoretus group. It seems to be peculiar to species of
nocturnal habits, and is found in some degree in nearly all the
Adoiieti>'i, producing in many species, like the very common
Adoretus versutus (fig. 5), a marked dissimilarity between the two
sexes. Perhaps the extreme development is found in Ileteroph-
thalmns ocularis, a rare insect occurring in Southern India.

Tlie second group of sexual characters is formed of those
directly concerned in the reproductive functions, most of them
consisting of modifications of the claws and feet of the males,
which apparently increase their grasping power. A feature
already mentioned, viz., an enlargement of the inner claw of the
front foot, often accompanied by more or less thickening of the
front tarsus and shorter and sharper teeth upon the front tibia,
is found in the great majority of the Rutelin.i:. In most of the
AxoMALiNi the front inner claw is broadened into a flat plate,
often abruptly bent near its base, and capable of being folded

c

IS

EUTELiy,!'.

back close aci^ainst the joint bearing it, which has a corresponding
excavation of its inner face, so that a locking apparatus results.
A further development occurs in genera like Peperonota and
J)idrepavejiJLorus(iig. G), in which the tip of the enlarged claw when
foldtr'd back meets a prolongation of the penultimate joint having
the frrm of a broad ])late, the surface of which bears closely-set
parallel ridges beautifully adapted to prevent the slipping of the
object grasped in the vice. The shortening and thickening of the
legs is evidently a means of obtaining increased muscular power
and the dilated claw no doubt provides inside a larger surface
for muscle attachment. The modification sometimes affects the
middle as well as the front claw, and in Pojnllia cuprkollis,
P. morginicoUis and a few allied species, the two anterior pairs of
legs are altogether much stouter than those of the female, which,
howe\er, has very powerful hind legs, with tarsi shorter and
thicker than those of the male.

Fig. 6. — Front tarsus of Didre'jMDcjihorus hifalcifir, male.

The enlargement in the male of the inner daw^ results, in genera
in which that claw is ordinarily cleft, in the inequality of the two
divisions and a tendency to the dwindling or even the complete
disappearance of the outer branch. In many species of Anomala
and Adoretus only a minute vestige of it is traceable in this sex,
and in various others, the females of which have a cleft claw
upon each of the four anterior feet, the males have either all
simple or those of the front feet ordy cleft. The latter condition
is that most prevalent in the genus PojnJJia. It may therefore
be stated as a general rule that, wlien the two sexes differ in this
respect, the claws of the female are more divided than those of
the male. But it is a remarkable fact that in the Parastasiikt,
the many structural pecuhai-ities of which denote habits quite
different from those of the rest of the subfamily, this rule is
reversed. Sexual differences here also are numerous, and the
claws exhibit a varietj^ of different combinations ; but it is in the
females that we here find all the claws undivided, while the males
often have the longer one deeply cleft. To increase the contrast,
the front claws, which in the other groups are the most generally
divided, are here most often undivided, while the hindmost,

ixTRODrcTioy. J 9

wliich are always simple in the Anomalini and Adoketini, are
liere usually cleft iu the male or in ooth stxes. Tn a curious new
genus ot" AooiucTiNi described later {Lissadorelus) the rule is also
reversed, and the female has all the claws simple, while the male
has the longer front and middle ones divided. The peculiar
build of the female in this case seems to suggest an adaptation to
some special and non-arboreal mode of life.

In one small group of Malayan species of Parasias'ia the middle
feet of tlie male are specially modified, instead of the front ones,
the outer claw of each bearing a broad flat lobe.

1 have mentioned that a sexual difl'erence in the form of the
front tibia is common, but the hind tibia is almost equally liable
lo dili'er. That of the female is commonly shorter and broader
than that of the male and dilated at the end. T'robablv this
modiiication of shape enables the female better to perform the
digging operations involved in the deposition of her eggs.

h\ a few species of Anomala, a curious difference in the spurs
at the. end of the hind tibia3 manifests itself. The longer one
of the two spurs, in the males of A. pteryfjoplionis, A.stollczl-o'.
A. anthracina and A. propinqua, is lengthened, strongly curved,
and blunt or knobbed at the end, while in the females both spurs
are straight and acute. A. propinqua and A. anthracina are only
remotely related to the other two species mentioned, so that this
appears to be an instance of an almost identical modification
arising independentlv.

Of similar significance tt) the uiodiiied feet of the males are
certain features characterising the females of manv species, i'or
instance, a structure found in the females of many Di;nastin.e
{Ci/c/ocej>h((Ia, etc.) recurs iu various genera of Kutelix.e (Felto-
tiofus, Fruhfttorferid^ certain species of Anomala, etc.). This is an
abru[)t thickening or expansion of the outer margins of the elytra
at a point usually just behind the middle. In Faraatasia snlci-
pennis (figs. 11 & 12) and various allied species, the elytra, which
ill the male are peculiarly smooth and glossy, bear in the other
sex very deep furrows, which, combined with other differences
of colour and shape, give the two sexes a totally different as[)ect
Jn AnomaJa rugosa (Hgs. 39 & 40) the elytra of the female are
very finely sculptuivd in such a way as to be quite dull in
appearance, while iu the male they are shining, and in A.Jiavo-
notaia there is a similar, allhough smaller, difference. JJis-
])irities of a rather similar kind are not uncommoidv fV)un([
in the pygidiuin and ])ropygidium. Tlius in Farastasia rnfo-
plcta (Plate I, fig. 4) the propygidium of the male has a silky
lustre, but in the feuiale it has a highly peculiar dense grami-
lation which produces a kind of sooty surface. In an allied sjjecies.
F. basalis, the propygidium is the same in both, but the pygidium
is covered with hair in the female and bare in the male. An
exactly similar difference is found in Anomahi dimidiala nnd other
species of Anomala, although the relationship between the genera
Famstasia and Anomala is remote. In other cases a sli^lit dif-
ference in the sculpturing of the pygidium distinguishes the sexes.

c2

20 RUTELIN.E.

A surprising distinction is tlie occurrence of a longer niesosternal
process in tlie female than in the male. I first called attention to
this in the Malayan I'arastasia mirahilis (an announcement which
was received with some scepticism), but a second instance is
pointed out here in F. sulcipeimis. Wliether these curious and
varied differences have any functional significance or not, observa-
tion may perhaps eventually determine. None can be suggested
in the present state of our knowledge, either for those just
mentioned, or for the modifications of the male anatomy which
follow.

In several genera a slight dilatation of the clypeus is found in
that sex, the front margin being straighter, more strongly reflexed,
and more angidar at the sides than in the fenuile, which has it
sim])!}' I'ounded. This is found in the Australian genus Anoplo-
rpiu^has, the xlmerican Fhalanr/o(/onia, and in several unconnected
groups of Anomala (e. g., A. dorsalis, A. ienella, A. lateralis, etc.).
Aaomala armata, although one of a group of exceedingly
similar species, and whose female can only with difficulty be dis-
tinguished from that of A. strigata, is unique in having in the
male a strong backward-pointing process to the hind femur, but
a similar effect is produced in the same sex of A. troclumterica and
Tropiorrliynchus pocUujricus by the sharp projecting trochanters.

A much more striking disparity than any of these characterises
the very reu)arkable I'eperonota harrinr/toni (figs. 8 & 9), the male
of which has the pronotum prolonged backwards into a strange
tail-like appendage. To accommodate this the scutellum and the
adjoining part of the elytra are considerably depressed. Closely
allied to this is Dicaulocepthalus feci' (Plate I, fig. 1), in which the
mandibles of the male (the female is still unknown) have enor-
mous outwardly-turned prolongations. Bicb-epcniej^horus bifalcifer
(Plate 1, fig. 5 & 6) is still more extraordinary, its mandibles being
pi-oduced forwards and curved upwards like a pair of elephant's
tusks. In the males of Fruhstor-feria (text-figs. 14 & 15) the
mandibles ai'e calliper-shaped. In none of these armatures, how-
ever, does any offensive or defensive purpose seem really probable,
for the actual gripping-power is in inverse ratio to the degree of
elongation of the mandibles, which become exceedingly delicate
and brittle, while there appears to be no increase of musculature.
Yet anotlier male feature, to which I know of no parallel in
Lamellicorn beetles, is worthy of mention. It is found in
Adoretiis celogasier, in which that sex exhibits a rounded boss or
tubercle at the middle of each ventral segment.

Diffei'ences of coloration between the two sexes are not very
numerous, but there are sufficient to provide a pitfall for in-
cautious systematists who may be content to rely only upon a
featui'e so superficial as pattern in the determination of species.
Amongst those not very numerous species that have a definite
pattern, I have found several cases in which the patterns of the
male and female are strikingly different. This becomes more
perplexing from the fact that, with the exception of a very few

IXTRODrCTION, 1>1

really competent writers like Buriiiei.ster, it has been the usual
custom to describe species from one sex only, generally without
the describer liimself luiowino; which.

One of the instances just referred to is Aaomala Inlunala, Tairn).
(figs. 36 & 37) aniline which indicates the very distinctive pattern
of an insect bearing two pale crescent-shaped marks upon a dark
background. But the describer was not aware that he was deahng
with the male only, which sex appears to be less abundant than
the other. I have seen only thi-ee or four specimens of it, but
more than a dozen females, and the latter are pale-coloured insects
with a dark crescent, and, of course, present an appearance in
very marked contrast to the male. A similar difference occurs
in A. nigrovaria.

In Anomala fulviveutfis, an insect most perplexingly variable
in its colouring, the males are nearly always of a deep metallic
green on the upper surface, often with a yellow margin to the
pronotum ; while the females may be yellow, their elytra may be
striped with green or entirely green, and the pronotum usually
bears two green spots, which may coalesce ; but I have not yet
seen any female quite as dark-coloured as the lightest males.
A. cJiinensis is a closely-related, but much more constant, species ;
and here, while the female has the head and pronotum red and
the elytra only dark green, the male has the forehead and middle
of the pronotum, as well as the elytra, green.

In A. coiijur/a the pattern is the same in both sexes, but the
decorated areas are of a much lighter colour in the female than in
the male.

These examples illustrate the general rule that when a differ-
ence of coloration occurs between the two sexes the male is the
darker coloured form. In the Parastasia group, however, this
rule is reversed, and we find the darker coloration an invariable
indication of the female. In several species that sex is entirely
black, while the male is yellow, and in the Indian species, P. anda-
manica and P. coiijiuens, the females have a ground-colour of black
or very dark brown, while in the males it is yellowish, the markings
being the same in both,

Jfabitg and 3Ietamorjy7ioses.

Very little has yet been recorded as to the life-history and
early stages of the Rutelinje. The lai-va of Parastasia eonjfaentt
has been described and tigured by Schiodte (Naturhistorisk 'J'id-
skrift (3) ix, 1874), and Mr. H. Maxwell Lefroy has published
descriptions and figures of uinomalav avians, one of the counnonest
Indian species, in all its stages (Memoirs of the Indian Depart-
ment of Agriculture, Entom. «er. ii, 8, 11)10, p. 143, pi. xiv).
More recently Mr. F. H. Gravely has found two species of Adoretus
in all stages, so that the larvae of the three principal types of Indian
RuTKLix.E have now been discovered. They are identical in all
essential tratures, ajid dilfer only in slight details from the larvifi

1\^ nUTKLIX.i:.

of tlie otliei- Plourosliet subfamilies. They most closely resemble
those of tlie MioIjOLonthin^, beiii<^, like the latter, rather more
slender in their l)uild and less hairy than the Dynastin.ti; and
CEi'ONiixyE, with a well-marked attenuation of the body about
the middle. The last two segments, though large, are rather
less so than iu the Mi3i:;OiiOisrTHiN.?E, and a slight difference in the
coil Formation ot" the terminal part appears to afford a means of
distinguishing the larvje of the two groups, so far as the few
know II forms enable us to judge.

k

f

.V*x

•A- --

V

Fig. 7. — AiJorcttis vcr.^ii/ns : a, larva; //, pupii, veiitral side;
(', ditto, dorsal sidr.

In the EuTELix.E the last tergite and sternite nre of similar
shape, and their posterior edges exactly coincide with each other;
Avhereas in the Melolonthik.e the last tergite is a little more
produced and ntteiuiated than the corresponding ventral segmenr,
and so is plainly A'isible wlien the insect is looketl at from beneath.
The last ventral segment is studded w ith stiff erect spines as in
the MELOLOTsTniN.E, and the arrangement of these spines seems
to differ according to the species, and to aft'ord an important
means of identification, although they do not appear, as a rule, to
form the regular longitudinal lines so comuionly seen in the
Melolonthin^.

With the exception of the comparatively small section of the
Pakasxashni, the Eutelin.e of the Indian Eegion may he
assumed to be practically all root-feeders in the larval, and leaf-
feeders in the adult, stages. The Parastasiini feed, in the larval
stage, upon dead and decaying wood (we have no information as
to the habits of the matiire insects), and are of no significance
economically : but the rest must be considered as ;ill injurious to
A'egetation, and so, potentially at least, to ngiiculture. The
records of ii^juiy done liy them to crops in India are not at
present numerous, but species of Anomala and Adoretvs are
known to commit considerable ravages. In the Sandwich Islands,
species of these two genera, introduced by accident from other
parts of the East, have multiplied enormously and caused great
havoc in the sugar-cane plantations. Mr. H. Maxwell Lefroy
has described in detail the life-history of Anomala varians
{ — A. polila, 131.), which destroys the roots of ground-nut, rice,

INTRODUCTION. 23

millet, sugar, and other crops. The female beetle deposits her
eggs singly in the ground near suitable roots, the total number
ot eggs laid by one individual, as observed by Mr. Lefroy, being
from nine to thirty. As in other Lamellicornia, the eggs increase
considerably in size before hatching, growing in a few days to
more tliau double their original weight and bulk, no doubt
through the absorption of moisture by the albumen. When
first laid they are elongate-oval in shape, but become afterwards
almost exactly spherical. Eggs laid on June 1st hatched on
June 10th, and the growth of the larvae was exceedingly rapid.
They fed upon the roots of rice grown for them in the obser-
vation-cages, and by September had reached full size and withdrew
deeper into the earth, where each prepared a chamber of earthy
particles, in u hich it rested until the following March or April.
No change took place during this long period, except that a slight
contraction of the body was apparent ; but about April the skin
split along the back, exposing the pupa within it. In ten days
more the mature beetle emerged. The emergence under natural
conditions seems usually to take place just after rain, tlie beetles
probably finding the cells in which they have passed the long dry
season too hard to break through previously. After the ground
and the earthen cocoons have been sufficiently softened by the
first rains, the insects make their appearance in considerable
numbers. They are nocturnal in their habits, flying at dusk and
being very commonly attracted by light. Probably they rest by day
beneath the surface of the ground, and emerge at night to feed upon
foliage. The capture of very many species of Anomala (although
not of the bi'ightly-coloured ones, which are diurnal) is due to
their being attracted by lights, and of some of these only males
have been so far taken (e. g., Anomala euops). In other species,
of which both sexes are known, the males considerably outnumber
the females. This is probably due, in part at least, to the latter
having more sluggish habits than the males, but it seems to be
the case with some species that the males emerge some time
before the females. Mr. F. Muir, who visited Japan to investigate
an Anomala {A. orientalis) — native to that country — which had
become a serious pest of the sugar-crops in the Hawaiian Islands,
tells me that he found m.ales there in numbers at the beginning
of June but no females. This continued for three weeks, after
which females were occasionally to be found in flo\vers, but never
in association with males, although these were still more numerous
than before.

Amongst other definitely injurious species, Anomala tencUa, Bl.,
is destructive to the tea-crop in Ceylon, the beetles being found
devouring the young shoots in great numbers. A closely-allied
species, Anomala dalmani, found in southern China, is similarly
destructive in the Chinese plantations. Adoretas lasiopi/(/ns
causes serious damage in southern India by devouring the leaves
of the grape-vine, mango, etc. Another species of Adoretits
(A. compressus, Wied.) belonging to the Indian fauna has caused

24 EUTEr.INJt',

great loss to the Hawaiian sugar-growers, the larvte feeding upon
the cane-roots and destroying tlie plants. Tliis species has aa
enormously Avide distribution in the East, and prohahly, like many
of tlie numerous sugar-pests, feeds normally upon grass-roots ; but
it appears to be much less common in Jndia than Adoretus versiUus
and several other species which are extremely abundant, and are
found in Calcutta to defoliate cultivated roses, cannas, etc.
Adoretus conipressus has been successfully checked in the Hawaiian
Islands by artificially infecting it with a fungoid growth.

Dr. Ohaus has stated that practically all leaf-feeding Kutelin^
will feed with alacrity upon bananas and other soft fruits when
opportunity occurs, but I have found no record of any damage
caused by Indian species to fruit or flowers. As to the habits of
the vast majority^ however, we are in complete ignorance. The
manner of life, even of such a large and familiar genus as Popillia,
is absolutely unknown, as well as tiiat of genera like Rhinyptia,
Fejyeronoia, Didre2>anepliorus, and Feltoiiotus, which, from their
structural peculiarities, may be reasonably supposed to have corre-
spondingly peculiar habits. There is a curious tendency, which
repeatedly recurs in different sections of Rutelin.i:, for the
clypeus to be narrowed to a more or less pointed snout. This
is characteristic of Tt'opion-hynchus, Rhinyptla, Adorrldnyptia
and Oxyadoretus, but it also occurs in one species of Poj)ilIia
(P. acuta). Not being accounted for by relationship — for these
different species and genera are widely separated from each
other^ — it must be supposed that they have some habit in common
for which this is an adaptation, but which has never yet been
discovered.

Distribution and Classification.

Although perhaps not occurring in the immense multitudes of
many of the Melolontiii]S'^, and therefore economically of less
importance than those, the RuteliNtE are still very abundant
and very destructive, their Oriental representatives greatly out-
numbering in species and individuals the two subfamilies dealt
with in my previous volume. This abundance is due chiefly to
the prevalence of two great genera, AnomaJa and Adoretus., which
seem to reach their maximum of luxuriance in the Indian region.
Of a total number of between two and three thousand species of
EuTEEiN.E known altogether, 398 are here recorded from our
region, of which 2(31 belong to these two genera. In the great
forest-regions of the New World very many species of Rutelin.e
are found living and feeding in their early stages in decaying logs
and stumps of trees ; but in the Old World this seems to be the
habit of comparatively few. Probably all or most of the Paras-
TASiiNi live in that «'ay, but they are rare insects, and the species
are not numerous, although amongst them are included the
strangest forms in the whole subfamily. An immense majority
of the Old World Eutelinje belong to the Anomalini and
Adoretini. Although differing considerably in important pohits

iNTivonrcTiox. 25

oF structure, these two groups are similar in tl)eir mode of life
and in their distribution. All those of which we have any know-
ledge are root-feeders during their larval life and leat-feeders
when adult. The two groups occur side by side in great abun-
dance of individuals and species throughout Africa, Asia, and the
islands of the Pacific, but without i-eaching Australia (leaving out
of account two or three ubiquitous species which have un-
doubtedly been transported by artificial means). Both groups
are absent also from the Pacific slope of iSouth America; but,
while the Adoretini are completely unrepresented on the
American continent, the ANOMALi^fi are fairly numerous in its
warmer regions. It is probable that the single genus Anoinala,
perhaps because a recently-evolved one and not yet split up into
any natural and vvell-deliued subdivisions, outnumbers in species
all the other liuTELiN.E.

The Adoketixi are rather small, brownish, pale or dull-coloured
insects of nocturnal habits, and frequently enter houses in the
evening attracted by light.

The Anomalini also include many inconspicuous forms with
similar habits, but in the Oriental Eegion these are outnumbered
by brightly-coloured diurnal species — some of them amongst the
most brilliantly decorated of all known insects. A^ivid green and
golden hues are very prevalent amongst them.

In these two arboreal groups the legs and feet are formed for
clinging to the leaves and twigs amongst which the insects live,
and the mouth for a diet of leaves. Although so much alike in
their mode of life and in many points of structure, the Anomalini
and AnoHETiNi are sharply divided by their method of feeding.
In the first the labrum and labium form a pair of horizontal lips
between which the jaw s work, each pair co-adapted for grasping
and dividing the food like a pair of scissors. In the second group
the labrum is produced downwards across the mouth-opening,
which is more or less completely divided into a right and left half.
Although in the great majority of the species this bisection of the
mouth is complete, there are several small genera in which it is
in varying degrees imperfect, and in such forms as Frodoretus and
O.vi/adorehis there is an obvious approximation to the Anomalini.
According to the system of classification hitherto adopted — that
devised more than half a centuiy ago, when comparati\ely few
forms had become available for study, by the two highly competent
entomologists, Burmeister and Lacordaire — these two gro\ips have
been put at opposite ends of the subfamily and separated by the
large, mainly American, group of the true Euteliisi, of which
the Pakastasiini of this volume form a small part. I have
ventured to depart from this system, and to put the latter group,
which is undoubted l}-^ the one with the nearest relationship to the
Dynastin^ (omitting the aberrant genus Pelto^iotiis), at the
begiiniing of the subfamil}', thus bringing near together the
Akomalini and Adoretini. As a connecting-link between
these stands the new tribe AuoRuniNYPXiiNi, which I have

26 EUTEM.V.E.

coi)stitut<;Ml for three species, all of tliein peculiar to India,
which exhibit a remarkable combination ot" the characteristic
features of the Anomalini and Adoretini. Like lihinyptia in
the former group and O.vi/adoretus in the latter, they have the
head narrowed iu front into a kind of snout, and for that reason
have been hitherto confused with Jihinj/ptia.

The Parastasiixi are sharply separated structurally from the
three preceding groups, the forms nearest allied to them being
inhabitants of Tropical America (Rutela, C'nemida, Pelidnota, etc.)-
Ib is strange that the predominant genus Farastasia is confined
to the Oriental Region, with the exception of a single species,
P. brevipes, Lee, wiiich inhabits North America. That the
Paeastasiini form the point of closest contact of the RutelijSTvE
with the Dynastin^, the great enlargement of the mandibles of
some of the males {Didrepanepliorus, Fruhstorferia, etc.) and the
strange thoracic process of Feperonota are an interesting
indication.

Pinally, the Pelto^s^otim consist of only about half a dozen
Indian and Malayan species composing the aberrant genus Felto-
notus, formerly grouped with the Dynastin^, but having a
mouth-structure v\hicli is entirely peculiar to itself. Of the habits
of these we are profoundly ignorant.

Keij to (lie Divii:lons of tJi.e Sahfamihi Eutelinre.

Labrum horizontal (not produced down-
wards).

Labriun visible from above Peltonotini, p. 27.

Lidjrnm not visible from above.*

Mandibles produced beyond the

clypeus Parastasiini, p. ;'jO.

Mandibles entirely covered by the
clypeus.
Antennfe 9-jointed ; elytra with

membranous margins Ancmalini, p. o2.

Autennjie lO-jointed ; elytra with-
out membranous margins .... Adorrhinyptiini, p. 273.
Labrum produced downwards Adoretini, p. 276.

* Except in certain males with liypertropliied mandibles {^Didrepancphorus
and Fruhsiorferia).

rELTON-oL'ua. 27

Division I. PELTOXOTINI.

This group comprises only one peculiar genus, Pdlonotwi, with
five species, three of which ai-e Indian. Feltonotus was originally
placed in the DYNASriPfyE, with which it forms a link. A very
remarkable formation of the labrain is its chief characteristic.
This organ is not covered by the clypeus, but is plainly visible in
front of it, although the clypeus itself is not at all reduced, as
usual in those groups in which the labrum is extruded. The
mandibles agiin project a little beyond the l.ibrum. The body
is ratlier loosely articidated together, the abdomen rather lonii:
and not covered beliind by the elytra, nor cloiiely wrapped
by them at the sides. The legs are slender, clothed with long
hfiir, with long spurs to the four posterior tibia), and the clau's
are movable and slightly uiieipial. Tiie front legs of the male are
greatly thickened and modified.

^N'othins has been recorded as to the habits of these insects.

Genus PELTONOTUS.

PeltoNotfCi, liunn., llamlb. Eot. v, 1847, p. 7') ; Lacordaire, Gen.
Col. iii, 1856, p. 402; Arrow, Aim. Ma--. Nat. Hist. (8) v, 1910,

p. ir>3.
TrPE, Peltonotus morio, Burm.

Range. Assam, Nepal, Burma, Indo-Cliina, Borneo.

Body ovate, loosely articidated. Head not sunk in the pro-
notum. Eyes rather prominent. Clypeus broadly transverse, not
separated by a suture behind and not hollowed, but rather convex,
with the front margin scarcelv retiexed. Antennae lO-joiiited.
Prothorax rounded at the sides and base and not closely fitted to
the elytra. Scutellum rather long, stniight-sided, and acute.
Elytra not long, exposing the abdomen behind. Pro- and meso-
sternum not produced. Labrum hori/.ontnl, extrnded, wide,
sometimes a little bilobed. Mandibles lar<,'e and visible from
above, concave, nearly straight in tront, with a lateral tooth or
angulation. Maxillae armed wdlh four long and very sharp teeth,
the palpi slender. Labium rather long, narrowed towards the
extremity, strongly constricted at the insertion of the palpi, with
two fleshy ligular lobes at the end. Coxie contiguous, the front
ones very large and prominent. Eemora and tibias very hairy and
rather slender, the front tibia armed with three teeth, the others
bearing very strong apical spurs. The claws are only very sliglstly
unequal, except the front claws of the male, and the pul villi are
large and end in two loujj,- bristles.

28 lil'TELIX-T:.

The front tibia of the male is much more slender than that of
the I'emale and its teetli are extremely short. All the tarsi are
much longer, the first four joints ot the front tarsus thickened
and the last joint enormously enlarged, the inner claw extremely
long and strongly bent before the middle.

The elytra of the female have an angular dilatation at the outer
margin.

The three Indian species are black, but one of them has a dull
bloom, like a ripe grape, upon the elytra.

Key to the Species.

1 (4) Pvffidium clothed with long hair.

2 (8) Clypeus without a marginal tooth .... viorio, Burm., p. 28.

3 (2) Cly])eus with a marginal tooth nasutus, Arrow, p. 29.

4(1) Pygidium without hair pruinosus, Arrow, p. 29.

1. Peltonotus morio.

Peltonofits iiiurio, Biu'ni., Ilandb. Ent. v, 1847, p. 75; Arrow, Ann.
Mag. Nai, Hist. (8) v, lUlO, p. 154.

Black and shining and clothed with rather long, erect tawny
hair upon the head, sides of the prothorax, legs, pygidium, and
lower surface.

It is ovate in shape, with the head rugosely punctured, the
labrum scarcely emarginate, the clypeus broadly rectangular.
The pronotum is strongly punctured, its sides strongly rounded,
the front angles right angles, the hind angles rounded off, the
base rounded and not margined. The scutellum is very smooth
and unpunctured, the elytra strongly punctured, with a few
rather ill-defined rows of punctures. The pygidium is rather
finely punctured and clothed with very long, erect tawny hairs.

S . The legs are long, the tarsi (except the front ones) much
longer than the tibise. The front tibise bear thi-ee very short
teetli placed I'ather close together, the second and third very
sharp. The claw-joint of the front tarsus is enormously en-
larged and the inner claw and the two preceding joints are rather
dilated. The inner claw is very long and thick, and strongly and
abruptly bent near the base.

$ . All the tarsi are shorter than the tibia?, the front tibia
broader at its extremity and narrower at its base and the teeth
longer. The spurs of the hind tibia are shorter and the elytra
are more coarsely punctured, with more distinct rows of punc-
tures, the outer edge having an angular thickening near the
middle.

Lew/th, 16-19 mm.; breadth, 8-10 mm.

Nepaj, ; Bhutan"; Sikkim : Assam: Manipur ; Bukma :
Momeit ( ir. Duhertij), N. Chin Hills.

rELTOyOTUS. 29

2. Peltonotiis iiasiitns. (Plate I, fig. 10.)

reltonotus ncumfiis, Arrow, Ann. Maj?. Nat. Hist, (i^) v, ]010, p. ^^)',.

Black and shining, with a clothing of tawny hair, as in the
previous species.

It is rather larger and relatively hroader and more compact
than P. mono. The head is closely rugose, with the clypeus
rather less rectangular, its sides more rounded, and the front
margin bearing a slight tubercle in the middle. The pronotum
is minutely and sparingly punctui'ed, with the sides strongly
rounded, the front angles nearly right angles, the hind angles
obsolete, and the hase gently rounded. The scutelhun bears a
few fine punctures, and the elytra are moderately punctured,
some of the punctures forming longitudinal lines ; the apical
margins of the elytra are opaque. The pygidium is sparsely
punctured.

c? . The puncturation of the elytra is much feebler than in
the female. The front tibia is slender and the teeth minute, the
tarsus thickened as in P. morio, and the inner claw very long
and strongly bent near its base. The mandibles are abruptly
truncated at the end.

5 . All the tarsi are about as long as the tibia?, the front tibia
dilated from base to apex, with strong teeth. The sides of the
elytra are thickened and dilated near the middle.

Length, 18-i^O mm.; breadth, 9"5-ll mm.

BuitMA (Col. C. T. Bimjham); Siam ; Annam : Laos (R. V. de
Salvaza).

T 1/2)6 in the British Museum.

This is probably the species from Laos called P. morio by
Pairmaire (Mission Pavie, iii, 1904, p. 88).

3. Peltonotus pruinosiis.

Peltonotus jrruhiosus, Arrow, Ann. Mug. Nat. Hist. (S) v, 1910,
p. 156.

Black and shining, but with the elytra covered, except in the
region of the shoulders, with a sooty opaque bloom. The legs.
and sides of the metasternum are thinly clothed with tawny
hairs.

It is elongate-oval in shape and not dilated behind. The
labrum is rather strongly bilobed, the clypeus broad, straight iu
front and rather strongly but not rugosely punctured, and the
forehead similarly but a little less closely punctured. The pro-
notum is devoid of hair, finely and sparingly punctured, evenlv
rounded at the sides, with the front angles acute, the hind angles
obsolete, and the base broadly lobed in the middle and rather
strongly impressed on each side. The scutellum is very sharply
pointed and quite smooth. The elytra are strongly and deeply

30 nuTELiNiC.

punctuved, most of tlie punctures being arranged in longitudinal
rows. Except at the anterior margin and upon the Inimeral and
apieal elevations, which are shining, the elytra are covered with a
dull opaque bloom. The pygidium is shining, stron<ily but rather
sparsely ])unctured and devoid ot hair. The nietasternum is finely^
punctured at the sides and smooth in the middle.

9. The outer margins of the elytra are strongly reflexed just
behind the shoulders, hut not dilated, and the front tibiae are
armed with three long and very sharp teeth.

Leiujih, 15 mm.; breadth, 8 mm.

AssA]\[ : Brahmaputra Valley ( TF. Dohertj/).

Type in the British Museum.

Only a single female specimen is yet known oF this species.

Division II. PAEASTASIINI.

The members of this group are much fewer both in species and
iiidi\iduals than either the Anomalini or Adoiietini, but amongst
them are the most striking forms in the whole of the E-utklinj:.
All of them have a massive, almost clumsy, build, the legs being-
short and the claws less mobile than in tlie other groups. The
antennae are 10-jointed and generally short, and the elytra are
without a membranous margin. The clypeus is narrow, with its
sides convergent and the a]jex generally bilobed or bidentate.
The mandibles are always distinctly visible beyond the clypeus,
and are occasionally extremely long in the males. They have
generally a hooked terminal tooth projecting beyond the edge
of the clypeus. The labrura is thin and horizontal. The
niaxillifi are armed with several sharp biting teeth at the .end.
The mentum is rather elongate and more or less constricted
before the end for the insertion of the palpi. The legs are
short, the front tibia armed externally with three sharp teeth
set aliuoit at right angles to it and internally abruptly excised
near the articulation with the femur, leaving a projecting tooth
beyond the excision which fits into the fenuir. At its extremity
and on the inner face at the lower edge the latter has a prominent
lobe by which this tooth is covered in the position of rest. The
two spurs arming eacli of the four posterior tibia; at the extremity
are strong and sharp, but not long, and the middle tibia is gene-
rally produced into a sharp spine at its outer edge. The tarsi are
short, compact, and fairly slender, with the penultimate joint more
or less produced beneath, except in the front tarsus of the female.
On the posterior feet this joint forms a single or double spine,
sometimes bearing a pair of very strong setae.

In the male the front tarsus is often more or less thickened
and distorted, and the claw-joint enormously enlarged (as in

PARASTASIIXI. 32

Peperonota and BidrepanejjJioyus), and the process of the penulti-
mate jouit then forms a peculiar flattened lobe, with its flat
suriace beautitully scored with fiue parallel grooves. This
evulendy serves as a firm gripping apparatus, the'eukrged claw-
jon.t ben.g hollowed out beneath and the strong inner claw
folding back at will on to the grooved plate. This ch.w is
sometnnas cleft m the male, but more often undivided in both
sexes. The outer middle and hind claws are genernllv deeplv
cle.t, but sometimes entire in the females, and sometimes in both
sexes. The outer front and inner middle and hind claws are
alwjiys suuple. ihe prosternum bears no post-coxal process and the
mesosten.um IS occasionally produced foruard, but more often not
ihis Division IS remarkable fur the striking instances of sexual
dimorphisiu which it includes. Numerous and peculiar differ-
ences occur in the genus Farastasia, many females being darker
HI colour than the males, while they are generally more elongate
and parallel-sided. The mandibles, the claw-structure, and even
the ine«osteriiuin, are different iu certain species, but the dis-
parity IS much greater in some of the allied genera In Bidre
2>mupliorus, DicavJocephalus, and Fnihstorferia the males h-ive
the mandibles greatly enlarged, as in the Stag-beetles, and' in
le.peronola a remarkable horn or process projects backwards from
the pronotum, the only example in this subfamily of a thoracic
horn, characteristic a« it is of the nearest allied group the

Probably most, if not all, of the Parastasjijji feed in the larval
state upon rotting wood. Certain species have been observed to
frequent blossoming trees in the adult stage. They are evidently
not adapted, like the rest of the Eutelix.e, for clingino- to
foliage. '=' ^

Key to the Genera.

1 (6) Ante-ocular ridges not very

prominent.
-' (5) Four posteriortibife very spinose

at their outer edges.'

3 (4) Mandibles of the male not pro-

4 (3) Mandibles of the male greatly V '^4
-> rA ^ ^P;''^^^'i^^l^^^terally \ Dicaulockphalus, Gesti^^>

o {J) l*our posterior tibue not very '

p n^ ^ ^^F»«^^f '-^t their outer edoes". Pauastasia, AVestw., p 35
() (I) Aute-ocular ridges very pro- . t' ^u.

minent.
7 (8) Not clothed with dense Lair

e /-^ r '^.^'^ ;■•,••; pRUHSTOiiFEiiiA, Kolbe n 47

& (/) Eutnely clothed with dense \'v 60

^^^^^ DlDKE PAKKl'HOEUS, AV.-M., '

* The female of Dicaulocephakts is unknown.

32 RrxELiiN-.T;,

Genus PEPERONOTA.

reppronota, Westw., Trans. Eiit. Soc. Loncl. iv, 1847, j). 296.

Type, Peperonota han-iiujtoni, Westw.

Rdrnje. Himalayas.

Broiidly oval and convex in shape. Clypeus tapering, in the
male terminating in a single reiiexed tooth, in the female in two
sharper reflexed teeth placed close together. The eyes are wide
apart, with laterally produced cariiise in front. Antennae short, wit h
the second joint glohular, the third conical, and the fourth to the
seventh strongly transverse. Lahrum bilobed, distinctly exposed.
Mandibles exposed, acuminate and reflexed at the extremity and
toothed externally. Maxillae strong, armed with six sharp teeth.
Mentum elongate, constricted at the point of insertion of the
palpi and slightly bilobed in front. Pronotum very convex,
lobed behind, the lobe slight in the female, the sides rounded in
front and parallel behind, exactly equal in width at the base to
the elytra at the shoulders, to which it fits closely. 8cutelhim
very short, twice as broad as long, with ciu-vilinear sides. Elytra
very short and convex, semicircularly rounded behind, entirely
covering the abdomen as seen from above. Front tibia arn.ed
■with tliree acute teeth, the two lower ones close together. INIiddle
and hind tibiae armed with several sharp spines along the ouler
edge. Tarsi rather short, with the longer claw upon all the feet
deeply and widely cleft.

(5. The abdomen is extremely contracted and arched beneath,
the 5th segment bears a transverse carina fringed with liairs and
ending abruptly on each side, the 6th is asymmetrically eniar-
giiuited, and the pygidium slopes inwards. The clypeus tapers to
a point. The pronotum is shorter and more strongly rounded in
front, and its posterior lobe is produced backwards as a long
curved tapering process, which reaches to about a third of
the length of the elytra. The scutellum and the part of the
elytra adjoining are abruptly depressed. The front tarsi are
short and thick, and the inner claws very blunt and strongly
dilated.

The asymmetrically emarginate last ventral segment is, so far
as I am aware, unique and is correlated with an asymmetrical
sedeagus.

Although the male is extremely peculiar, the female differs little
from Parastasia, except in the very short and broad scutellum,
partly covered by the slight posterior lobe of the pronotum, and
the very spiny outer edges of the four posterior tibiae.

Only one species has been described, but a second is added
here.

PEPEEONOTA. 3;^

4. Peperonota harringtoni. (PI, IV, figs. 37, 38.)

Feperonota hnrringtoni, Westw., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond iv 1847
p. 298, pi. 2-2, fig. 1 ; Lacord. Gen. Col. iii, 1856, p. 349,' pi 34

ng;. 1. r 7 r r

p. harrimjtoni, var. bicornis, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits 1913
p. 506. '

Chestnut-brown, with the antennae, femora, sometimes most or
all ot the ower surface and the pjgidium, the outer part or the
whole ot the prouotum, and an indefinite speckling upon the elytra
tawny yellow. ^

The head is rugose, except upon the vertex, where it is smooth
and shniing. The prouotum is uneyenly and rather sparsely
punctured and very smooth and shining, the elytra being dull and
shallowly and irregularly pitted.

6 - The scutellum is very shining, but coarsely granular "^^ The
elytra are very opaque, except the depressed area adjoining the

Fiff. 8.

Peperonota &rnngtoni 6. PeperonotTharll.gtoni, $ .

^raSs""' tI;^'^' is shining and bears a few fine punctures and
granules. The pygidium is convex, shining, and very finely and
sparsely punctured. The femora and the edges of the abdomhml
segments are fringed with long tawny hair abdominal

$ . The scutellum is smooth and shining, with scanty punc-
tures, the elytra shining in the neighbourhood of the scutellum
and on y slightly opaque elsewhere. The pygidium is nearly fla^
vertical, finely and rather rugosely punctured, and clothed, like the
abdomen wi_th rather coarse, but not thick, tawny hair

Length, 1,-22 mm.; breadth, 10-13 mm

SiKKiM:Eunghong Valley {W. K. Webb, June); Bhutan-
Uo I ^ ; i^/'-^Oberthiir Coll.) ; Assam : Khasi HiL
(according to Ohaus).

%^6 unknown ; co-type in the Geneva Museum.
i)r. Ohaus has described a variety of this species (as subsp
Ucorm.) which may possibly, though not probably, belong to the

34 • RUTELIN^.

species next following. He distinguishes it from the typical
A liarringtoni by the possession of a more broadly rounded
clypeus, without a tubercle, and two more pronounced tubercles
upon the frontal suture. I have seen no specimen corresponding
to this.

5. Peperonota cristata, sp. nov. (Plate IV, figs. 39, 40.)

Testaceous, with the head, scutellum, the depressed part of the
elytra adjoining the latter and irregularly sprinkled small spots
upon their lateral and posterior parts, the base of the pygidium,
•the front tibiae, and the tarsi black or brown.

J . The clypeus bears a small blunt tubercle at its front edge
and a strongly bilobed crest on the frontal suture. The pronotum
is finely and sparingly punctured and only moderately convex ; its
front angles are acute, the sides parallel behind and the base pro-
duced backwards in' the middle as a narrow lobe, which is divided
at the end into t\\o slightly diverging lobes. The scutellum is
depressed and the elytra are narrowly depressed on each side of
it, the depression scarcely extending beyond the scutellum. The
depressed surfaces are very coarsely punctured and shining, and
the remainder of the elytra is opaque and rather feebly punc-
tured. In other respects the characters are the same as those of
the male P. liarringtoni^ to which it is very similar, although dis-
tinctly differing in the well-marked transverse elevation upon the
forehead, the minutely forked posterior process of the pronotum,
and the smaller depressed area of the elytra adjoining the scu-
tellum. The single specimen is of rather large size, but the
thoracic process is short, though slender (reaching only as far
as the apex of tlie scutellum), and it is probable that the species
attains a greater development.

The female is unknown.

Length, 22 mm. ; breadth, 13*5 mm.

Burma : Ruby Mines ( W. Doheriy).

Type in the British Museum.

Genus DICAULOCEPHALUS.

Bicaulocephalus, Gestro, Ami. Mus. Civ. Geneva, (2j v, 1888, p. 623.

S . " Body short, broad and very convex. Head broad and
triangular, with the clypeus reflexed, pointed and tuberculate at
the apex. Mandibles strongly produced laterally and curved
backwards, resembling antlers pointed at the end. Eye- ridges
produced outwards on each side into a spine. Antennae 10-
jointed, with a small 3-jointed club. Pronotum nearly serai-
circular, strongly convex, shining, punctulated, with the posterior
margin rounded in the middle and sinuated on each side.
Scutellum broad and subtriangular. Elytra short, convex and
opaque, depressed near the scutellum, each with a strong basal
.and more feeble apical callus. Pygidium incurved. Legs short.

DICAtJLOCEPHALUS. — PAEASXASIA. 35

Proat tibiae trideutate externally, the two apical teeth close
together. Middle and hind tibiae spiuose externallv. Tarsi very-
short, the fifth joint of the front foot larger and the outer claw
thickened and simple. Outer claw of the middle and hind feet
cleft."

Only a single species of Dicavlocephahis is known and of that
the female has not yet been found, t\A'o males only representing the
insect up to the present time. I am indebted to l)r. Gestro for
providing me M'ith a carefully drawn figure of the type. The
relationship to Peperonota is very close and the female will
probably show a very great resemblance to that of F. harringtoni.
The male differs in the remarkable lateral appendages of the
mandibles, the absence of a thoracic process and of posterior
tubercles on the head, the acute ante-ocular ridges, and the
broader and narx-ower elytral depression adjoining the scutellum.

S. Dicaulocephalus feae. (Plate I, tig. 1.)

Dicatdocephalus fere, Gestro, Ann. Mus. Civ. Geneva, (2) v, 1888,
p. 626.

" Testaceous yellow, with the head nearly black ; the pronotum
shining, puiictulated, and decorated with irregular, vague,
nebulous markings ; the elytra opaque, punctulated, marked only
with a dark spot on the apical callus ; the teeth and spines of
the legs black, the tarsi pitchy black, with the terminal joint
and claws pitciiy ; the body clothed beneath with long yellow
hair."

Length, 24 mm.

Burma : Plapoo, Mt. Mooleyit, 3000-5700 ft. {L. Fea, March-
April).

Type in the Genoa Museum.

Genus PARASTASIA.

Parastasia, Westw., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, viii, 1841, p. 204 ; id.,

Trans. Ent. tSoc. Lond. iv, 1845, p. 91 ; Arrow, Trans. Ent. Soc.

Lond. 1899, p. 479; Ohaiis, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1900, p. 225.
Rutelarcha, Waterh., Ent. Men. Mag. xi, 1874, p. 52. — Type,

P. quadrunaculata,^^iitevh. (n. syn.).
Lutera,W esiw., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1876, p. 236. — Type, L. luteola,

Westw. (u. syn.).
Ci/pkeli/tra, Waterh., Cist. Ent. i, 1875, p. 367. — Type, C. ochracea,

Waterli. (n. syn.).
Poli/ma2ckt(s, Lee, Proc. Acad. Pliilad. viii, 1856, p. 24. — Type,

P. brevipes, Lee. (n. syn.).

Type, Parastasia canaliculata, Westw. (Philippine Is.).

Range. India, Ceylon, Malay Archipelago, Japan, Polynesia,
North America,

The form is stout and massive, with short legs. The head is
small, the clypeus very small, terminating in two reflexed teeth
or lobes. The mandibles are long and exposed at the tips, which

d2

36 aUTELIN.'E.

are sharp aud recurved, the inner edge having a close fringe of
golden hairs. The mentum is elongate, slightlj^ bilobed at the
end and strongly constricted at tlie insertion of the palpi. The
maxillae are stout, densely clothed with golden hairs and armed
with five or six very sharp teeth in three parallel ranges. The
palpi are short with a large terminal joint. Tlie antennae are
generally short, the 2nd to 7th joints very short and closely
articulated, the 8th to 10th forming a small compact club. The
front tibia is armed with three short teeth, the middle tibia is
produced into a sharp spine externally at the end and the hind
tibia has a strong transverse carina. The penultimate joint
of the middle and hind tarsi is produced into a sharp point beneath.
The mesosternum has a point in front, which is generally blunt
and not produced, but sometimes forms a sharp process. In
a Malayan species (P. mirabiUs, Arro^^ ) the female alone has a
process.

This gsnus presents a considerable variety of form and structure,
although constant in its essential features. It includes the great
majority of the species belonging to the Parastasiini, and most
of the allied genera may be regarded as especially modified recent
offshoots of it. It is of peculiar interest for the very diverse and
remarkable differences which distinguish the sexes of its various
species. Many of these were described by me in 1899 (" Sexual
Dimorphism in the Eutelid genus Parastasia,'' Trans. Ent. Soc.
Lond. 1899, p. 479). The pi-onotum is usually more convex and
parallel-sided in the female and produced into a slight neck in the
male. The cleavage of the claws is also very often different in the
two sexes, the females of many species having them quite simple,
while the males have one claw upon each foot, or upon some of the
feet, cleft.

The colours occurring in the genus are confined to shades of
red or yellow and black, the brilliant metallic hues so prevalent
amongst the allied JVew AVorld genera, as well as in the Anomalini,
being absent. In certain species (e. g. P. rufopicta, P. hasalis,
P. andamanica) there is a pattern of black and orange reminiscent
of the combination characteristic of many Eeottlid^, Eistbo-
MYCHID^, and other Coleoptera haunting decaying timber, and,
although almost nothing has been recorded as to their habits, I have
little doubt that many species of Parastasia are to be found in
the same environment.

In my paper published in 1899 I found it necessary to unite
with Parastasia several supposed genera the distinctive features
of which were found only in one sex. I liave now found myself
obliged also to reject the names Lviera, Gijplulytra, Ridelarclia
and PohjmoicJius having entirely failed to find characters of more
than specific importance by which they can be separated.

The larva and pupa of Parastasia conflueas were described and
figured by Schiodte in 1874 (Naturhist. Tidskr. ix, p. 296, pi. x,
figs. 1-10). They were found in large numbers by Roepstorff
in a dead t;ree-trunk in the Andaman Islands.

PARASTASIA. 37

Kfy to the Species.

1 (22) Olypeiis strongly bideutate iu front.
a (13) Pygidium everywhere densely
sculptured.

3 (10) Pronotum smooth behind or only

lightly punctured.

4 (7) Front tibia with the two upper

teeth close together.

■5 (6) Scutelluni long and sharp-pointed ;
elytra without posterior yellow-
spot nt/opicta, Westw., p. 37.

■6 (5) Scutelliun short and blunt; elytra

witli posterior yellow spot birmatia, Arrow, p. 38.

7 (4) Front tibia with the two upper

teeth wide apart.

8 (9) Elytra not, or only very lightly,

punctured basalis, Cand., p. 39.

9 (8) Elytra deeply punctured cingala, Arrow, p. 39.

10 (3) Pronotum strongly punctured.

11 (12; Pronotum not longitudinally im-

pressed andamanica, Ohaus, p. 40.

12 (11) Pronotum longitudinally impressed, coiifluens, Westw., p. 41.

13 (2) Pygidium not everywhere densely

sculptured.

14 (17) Olypeus very small, with sharp

teeth or ridges at the base.

15 (16) Small and elongate heterocera, Ohaus, p. 41.

16 (15) Larger, broad and globose bimaculata, Guer., p. 42.

17 (14) Clypeus not very small, without

sharp teeth or ridges at the base.

18 (19) Very small ; pronotum coarsel}'

punctured mdica, Ohaus, p. 43.

19 (18) Not very small ; pronotum tinely

punctured.

20 (21) Red, with the head black sulcipennis, Gestro, p. 43.

21 (20) Red, with the head, scutelluni and

base of elytra black altemata, Arrow, p. 45.

22 (1) Olypeal margin bluntly bilobed.

23 (24) Elytra punctured in straight lines . luteola, Westw., p. 45.

24 (23) Elytra punctured in wavy lines . . uchracea, Waterh., p. 46.

7. Parastasia rufopicta. (Plate I, fig. 4.)

Parastasia rufupicta, AVestw\,* Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1841, p. 53 j
id., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iv, 1845, p. 93, pi. 6, fig. 3.

Black, extremely smooth and shining above, with a ragged
transverse orange band crossing the elytra from side to side upon
their anterior half, immediately behind the scutellum, and sendino-
two small branches forward to the front edge of the elytra.

The body is rather broad, compact and very convex. The
head is irregularly rugose, armed with two sharp reflexed teeth
at the front margin and a slighter one at each end of the clypeal

* An asterisk after the name of a species indicates that a type or co-tjpe
has been examined,

38 EUTELINyE.

suture. The pronotum is sparingly punctured, except near the-
base, and its lateral margins are strongly convergent in front and
nearly parallel behind, with the hind angle nearly rectangular.
The scutelluin is rather long and pointed at the apex, and
bears a few minute punctures. The elytra are exceedingly
smooth and bear slight traces of longitudinal lines of punctures
upon their posterior half. The two iipper teeth of the fi'ont tibia
are placed close together and the outer claw of the middle and
hind tarsi is cleft.

c? . The middle of the prothorax is prolonged, forming a slight
neck behind the head. The propygidium and pygidium are
moderately shining, the former closely covered with minute
punctures and the latter fiuely rugose at the sides and sparsely
punctured in the middle.

2 . The apical part of the scutellum is dull and iridescent.
The propygidium and pygidium are densely granular and the
former has a very peculiar opaque and sooty surface.

Length, 19-25 mm.; breadth, 12-14 mm.

SiKKiM : Mungpliu (E. T. Atlcinson) ; Assam : Sylhet, Naga
Hills {W. Doherti/), Manipur {W. Dohertif), Sibsagar (S. E. Peal).

Type in M. Bene Oberthiir's collection.

8. Parastasia birmana.

Parastasia birmana, Arrow,* Trans. Ent. See. Lend. 1899, p. 481,
pi. 17, figs. 3 ^^c 4.

Black, extremely smooth and shining above, with a zigzag
transverse orange band upon the anterior half of each elytron
(extending to the front margin and the scutellum in the female,
but not in the male), and a small orange spot towards the
extremity.

It is convex and moderately elongate in shape. The head is
strongly rugose, with two sharp reflexed teeth at the front edge
and a slighter one at each end of the clypeal suture. The
pronotum is smooth at the base, lightly punctured in front and
more strongly at the sides (especially in the $ ). The lateral
margins are strongly convergent in front and nearly parallel
behind, with the hind angles nearly right angles. The scutellum
is short, blunt and very smooth. The elytra are very smooth,
with scarcely perceptible lines of punctures. The propygidium
and pygidium are densely sculptured and opaque. The two
upper teeth of the front tibia are placed close together and the
outer claw of the middle and hind tarsi is cleft.

6 . The pronotum is less convex ajid more produced in front.
The elytra are straight at the posterior edge and the orange band
is narrow and — --shaped.

§ . The sutural angles of the elytra are acutely produced and
the orange band is broad, extending to the basal margin and the
scutellum. The edge which adjoins the latter is opaque.

Length, 21-23 mm. ; breadth, 12-13 mm.

PABASTASIA. 39*

Burma; S.W. China: Yunnan; In do-China : Kiang-Kwang
(i2. Vitalis de Salvaza, March).
Type in the British Museum.

9. Parastasia basalis.

Parastasia basalis, Cand.,* Coleopt. Hefte, v, 1869, p. 44.
Parastasia dujwtiti, Arrow, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1899, p. 484

(n. syn.).
Parastasia binotata, Eurm., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 374.

Black, witli the prouotum sometimes blood-red or very dark
pitchy red, the abdomen generally pitchy red, and an orange-
coloured transverse band crossing the base of the elytra, occupying
rather less than half their length and extending almost to the
outer margins posteriorly, but not anteriorly.

The body is parallel-sided, cylindrical and elongate. It is very
smooth and shining above, and the sides of the body beneath are
clothed with a short tawny pubescence. The iiead is coarsely
and irregularly punctured and armed along the front margin of
the clypeus with four sharp reflexed teeth, the two middle ones
being longer and nearer together than the other two, which
occupy the ends of the clypeal suture. The pronolum is very
transverse and globose and is rather closely and irregularly
punctured, except along the basal margin. The scutellum bears
only a few very tine punctures, and the elytra are quite smooth in
the female and bear a few inconspicuous imperfect punctured
striae and numerous tine irregular punctures near the suture. The
mesosternum projects a very little beyond the middle coxae as
a broad sharp-pointed process. The outer claw of the middle and
hind feet is bifurcated.

S . The orange elytral band occupies the anterior third of the
length. The prothorax is a little produced behind the head and
the pronotum is widest at the hind angles. The pygidium is very
finely and densely transversely sti'igose.

5 . The orange band occupies nearly half the length of the
elytra. The sides of the pronotum are nearlv parallel behind,,
and the pygidium is thinly clothed with erect tawny pubescence.

Length, 17-18 mm. ; breadth, 9-10 mm.

Ceylon: Peradeniya {E. E. Green, Oct.), Kaudy {E. E. G.,.
Nov.), Anurhadapura {E. E. G., April), Kelani Valley, near
Colombo ( W. Braine) ; Madras : Sanivarsandai, 4000 ft., Coorg
{T. V. Ravtalcrislma, April), Shevaroy Hills, Yerkaud, 4500 ft.
(T. F. li.).

Type in the Brussels Museum.

10. Parastasia cingala.

Parastasia cinyala. Arrow,* Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1899, p. 482.

Black or deep brown, with the pronotum and a narrow
irregular transverse band crossing the elytra before the middle
bright vermilion-red.

40 RUTELIKJE.

It is rather small in size, convex and cylindrical in shape,
smooth and shining above, and the sides of the body beneath are
clothed with not very thick tawny pubescence. The head is
coarsely and confluently punctured, and the front margin of the
clypeus bears two sharp reflexed inner teeth and two feebler
outer ones. The pronotum is very convex and strongly punc-
tured, except near the basal margin, where it is only very finely
punctured. The scutellum is very minutely punctured, and the
elytra bear longitudinal lines of deep but uneven punctures ;
the subsutural interval is broad and irregularly punctured. The
pygidium is finely transversely rugulose and opaque. The meso-
sternum is scarcely produced. The outer claw of the middle and
hind tarsi is bifurcated.

S . The body is shorter and less cylindrical in shape. The
pronotuui is short, contracted in front and widest at the base.
The red elytral band sends two branches forward to the anterior
margin.

5 . The pronotum is rather long and parallel- sided and much
more closely and rugosely punctured than in the male. The
elytra are more coarsely punctured and the red baud is moi'e
compact. The pygidium is clothed Avith short erect yellow
hair.

Length, 14-16 mm. ; breadth, 8-9'5 mm.

Ceylon : Dikoya, 3800-4200 ft. (O. Lewis, Dec-Jan.),
■Colombo.

Ty2)e in the British Museum.

11. Parastasia andamanica.

Farastasia andamanica, Ohaus, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1898, p. 13; Arrow,
Trans. Ent. Soc. Loud. 1899, p. 483, pi. xvii, ligs. 7 & 8.

Brick-red ( c? ) or black ( 5 ) above and beneath, with an orange
shoulder spot consisting of an oblique bar adjoining the scutellum
and a curved lobe extending from the middle of the bar to near
the outer margin.

The form is cylindrical and convex. The head is densely rugose,
and the two apical teeth are short but sharp and placed close
together ; there is also a small tooth on each side of the head
above the antennal orbit. The pronotum is closely punctured all
over. The scutellum bears a few minute punctures, and the
elytra have a wide, irregularly punctured space iiear the suture
and rather close strongly punctured strise externally. The
pygidium is densely and minutely strigose. The mesosternum
is not produced. The legs are very short, and the outer claw of
the four posterior feet is cleft, the inner branch being much
shorter than the outer.

S . The ground-colour is brick-red. The prothorax is narroAved
anteriorly.

5 . The ground-colour is black and the form more elongate.

PARASTASIA. 41

The pronotum is much more convex than in the male and not
narrowed anteriorly.

Length, 1:3-13 mm. ; breadth, 7'5-8 mm.

Andaman Is. {lioepstorff, Atl-inson, Wimherley).

Type in Dr. F. Oliaus' collection.

12. Parastasia confluens.

Farastasid conjluensj Westw.,* Ann. Mag. Nat, Hist, viii, 1841,
p. 304.

Light mahogany colour ( J ) or deep brown ( $ ), with an
irregular-shaped lighter patch before the middle of each elytroii.

Cylindrical and convex, with the legs exceedingly short. The
head is densely granulated, the pronotum strongly gibbous and
very I'ugose, witli a median longitudinal groove. The lateral
margins bulge strongly in the middle, and all the angles are
obtuse. The scutellum is very finely and sparingly punctured,
and the elytra bear distinct and entii'e punctured striae. The
pygidium is very finely and densely rugulose. The sternum,
coxae and femora are clothed with rather close, but short,
tawny setse.

(5 . Chestnut-red, with the elytra lighter in colour, each having
on the anterior half a rather indefinite yellow patch, near the
anterior edge of which is a small black spot. The pronotum
is produced into a short neck behind the head. The elytra
are very shining, with lightly impressed striae, and not very
long, and the pygidium is nearly vertical. The front claws
are simple and the outer claw of the four posterior feet divided,
that of the middle ones broad.

§ . Very dark brown, with a small three-lobed yellow spot,
surrounded by a black margin, upon the anterior half of each
elytron. The pronotum is not narrowed in front, the elytra are
longer and deeply striated, the pygidium oblique and prominent,
and all the claws simple.

Lewjtk, 12-16 mm.; breadth, 7-8 mm.

NicoBAR Is. {RoeiJstorff) ; Malay Peninsula ; Sumatra ;
Borneo ; Java ; Celebes ; Tiivior ; Bouru ; Philippine Is.

Type in the British Museum.

18. Parastasia heterocera.

Parastasia heterocera, Ohaus, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1898, p. 27,

Black and shining, usually with the elytra or their posterior
part blood-red.

The body is rather short and broad, and slightly depressed.
The head is closely rugose, with a slight longitudinal median
groove, the clypeus greatly reduced and armed at the extremity
with two well-developed reflexed teeth. The pronotum is strongly

42 kutelinyE,

transverse, and very smooth and shining upon the disc. The-

scutellum is short, smooth and shining. The elytra bear nearly
complete rows of punctured striae. The
pygidium is rugose at the sides and bears
minutn scattered punctures in the middle..
The mesosteruum is produced into a mode-
rately long, curved and sharp-pointed
process. The femora and tibiae are very
short, but the four hinder tarsi are mode-
rately long. The outer claw of the four
posterior feet is deeply cleft.

S . The terminal teeth of the clypeus
are very strong and sharp. The prothorax
is strongly narrowed in front, its sides only
are rugose, the anterior angles are obtuse
-p. .^ and the hind angles rather sharp.

ParastasiaMerocera,c^. $ • The head bears, besides the two-

terminal teeth, an additional short but

sharp tooth on each side occupying the ends of the clypeal suture.

The pronotum is strongly rugose at the front and side margins,

and all its angles are obtuse.

Length, 9-5-12 mm. ; breadth, 5-7 mm.

Andaman Is. ; Nicobar Is. (Boepstorff, Wimherhy) ; Bubma :.

Rangoon {E. T. Athinson).

Tyiw in Dr. 1\ Ohaus' collection.

14. Parastasia bimaculata.

Parastasia himacuhtta, Guer., Delessert's Voyage, ii, 1843, p. 41,,

pi. 11, tig. 2.
Parastasia himactikda, var. nicoharica. Ohaus, Deutsche Eut. Zeits.

1900, p. 233.

Reddish testaceous, with mottlings of a rather dai'ker shade
upon the elytra, the head and front tibiae rather dark red, and a
pair of black spots near the hind margin of the pronotum and
not very far removed from each other.

It is very convex, short and subglobose iu form. The clypeus
is small and armed in front with two strong recurved teeth.
The head is deeply cliannelled in front, strongly and rugosely
punctured, and the pronotum bears moderately deep, irregularly
scattered punctures, which are rather close in the anterior part
but almost disappear near the base. The scutellum is broad,
very obtuse at the apex, and almost su)ooth. The elytra bear
coarse punctures, which form irregular and not equidistant longi-
tudinal lines. The pygidium is finely punctured, the punctures
becoming rugose at the sides. The metasternum is smooth in
the middle and clothed at the sides with erect and rather close
pale yellow hair. The mesosternum forms a sharp but very
short process, and the claws are all undivided.

S . The eyes are very large and prominent, and the pronotum.
longer and less rounded above than in the female.

PARASTASIA. 43;

Length, 13-16 mm.; breadth, 8-9 mm,

Andaman and Nicobar Is. {lioepstorff); Burma: Eanc^ooi. •
Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; Borneo; Celebes; Gilolo-
Ternaxe ; Ceram ; New Guinea ; Solomon Is.

15. Parastasia indica.

Fanistasia indica, Oliaus, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1898, p. 9; id., Deutsche
Eut. Zeils. 1900, p. 256.

Purplish black, with a hirge roundish bright yellow patch in.
each hind angle of the pronotum.

It IS small, sliortly oval, convex, and very smooth and shining.
The vertex of the head is strongly punctured, and the clypeus
and forehead are rugose. The clypeus is nearly semicircular iu
shape, with the front margin produced into two rather blunt
reflexed lobes. The pronotum is rather coarsely punctured in
front, more sparingly in the middle, and almost smooth near
the hind angles ; the lateral margins are angulated near the
middle and the front and hind angles are obtuse. The scutellum
is short and almost free from punctures, and the elytra have
each five well-marked longitudinal lines of fine punctures, ihe
second interval broad and irregularly punctured, the fourth mode-
rately broad arid di\ided by an incomplete series of punctures.
The pygidium is rugosely punctured and shining in the median,
part, more closely rugose at the sides. The sides of the body
beneath are finely rugose and scantily hairy, and the mesosternum
is produced into a short but rather sharp process.

cJ. The longer claw is cleft on all the feet, the front and
middle tarsi are rather thick, the last joint enlarged, and the
lower lobe of the outer middle claw is broad and blunt.

$ . The sculpture of the head and pronotum is coarser and
closer, and the latter has a slight longitudinal channel in front.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Assam : Sylhet ; Bhutan ; Tonkin,

Type in Dr. F. Ohaus" collection.

I have seen only a specimen froui the first localitv. Dr. Ohaus
also gives Calcutta, which is improbable.

16. Parastasia sulcipennis.

Parastasia sulcipcnmis, Gestro, Ami. Mus. Oiv. Genova, (2) vi
1888, p. 113. ^ ^ '

Yellowish brown or light ochreous red, with the head, legs, and
the greater part of the lower surface black ; very shining above
and thinly clothed beneath with fine yellow hairs.

It is compact and convex in shape. The head is rugosely
punctured, with the clypeus continuous with the forehead and
produced into two sharp strongly recurved teeth, the forehead
impressed in the middle, and the vertex shining and finely
punctured. The pronotum is finely and evenly punctured, with
the sides angulated, the front angles very obtuse, and the hind

44 EUTELIN.E.

angles almost right angles. The seutelliim is broader than it is
long, obtuse-angled and minutely punctured, and the elytra bear
on their dorsal part a slight transverse impression near the
middle of each and five nearly equidistant punctured striae. The
proi^ygidium and pygidium are very smooth and shining. The
sides of the metasternvim and the abdomen are very finely and
densely strigose, and the mesosternum is produced into a short
sharp process. The claws of the front feet are simple, aud the
longer one on the middle and hind feet divided.

(^ . Yellowish brown above (except the head). The prothorax
is a little narrowed in front and not very convex above, and the
elytral striae are very fine, with flat intervals. The mesosternum
is slightly produced.

§ . Bright ochreous red above (except the head), larger and

Fig. 11. — Parastasia

sulcipennis, cj . Fig. 12. — Parastasia

sidcipemiis, $ .

much more massive, with the pi'ouotum more convex and more
distinctly punctured, the elytra broader behind, the five dorsal
striae very broad and strongly impressed, except towards their
extremities, with narrow and convex intervals, and the sides
decorated \\ith fine and short oblique scratches. The meso-
sternum is distinctly produced.

Length, 18-5 nun.; breadth, 11 mm.

Assam : Chandkhira, Sylhet {J. L. Sherwill) ; Burma : Teinzo
(L. Feci, May — type).

Type in the Genoa Museum.

This interesting species was described from the female only,
although the sex is not mentioned in the original description.
The male which I have here associated with it is described from
a specimen taken, together with a female, by Mr. J. L. Sherwill.
Although they appear at first sight to have little in common,
I believe them to be truly conspecific. The male is smaller and
less massively built, the pronotum less convex and less distinctly
punctured, the elytra, instead of having the very deep grooves and
narrow convex intervals of the female, are ver}-^ finely striated, with
wide flat intervals, and the mesosternal process is distinctly less
^sharp. They agree, however, in two peculiar, though not obvious.

PAEASTASIA. 45

characters : the very short and broad scutelhim, and the clypeus
almost in the same plane as the forehead and not separated" from
it by a carina. The male is closely similar to that of P. tmicolor.
Arrow, the female of which is also distinguished by much more
strongly impressed dorsal striae and a still more striking difference
in colour. In P. mirabilis. Arrow, I have also called attention to
similar sexual differences, including a longer mesosternal process
in the female.

17. Parastasia alternata.

Parastasia alternata, Arrow, Trans. Ent. Sec. Lond. 1899, p. 489.
Orange-red, with the head, scutellum, the basal third of the
elytra, the legs, and lower surface of the body black. The pro-
notum has an extremely narrow black marginal line all round it.

It is a moderately short, compact and very convex iusect, very
smooth and shining, with a clothing of rather short brownish hair
at the sides of the metasternum. The clypeus is rugose and
armed with t«o sharp recurved teeth in front, the forehead
coarsely punctured, the eyes small, and the antenna? short. The
proiiotum is thinly and minutely punctured, very narrow in
front, with the sides strongly rounded in the middle and nearly
straight in front and behind, the front angles very obtuse, the
hind angles nearly right angles, and the base gentlv trisinuated.
The scutellum is almost unpunctured, and the elytra bear a
subsutural line and three or four rather wide pa'irs of faint
punctures, with similar scattered punctures in the intervals.
The mesosternum forms a very slightly produced sharp point!
The front tibia is armed with three sharp teeth, of which the twa
posterior ones are close together.

d' . Cylindrical, with the hind femora and all the tibia? more
slender than in the female, the outer claw of the middle and hind
feet deeply cleft, and the pygidium minutely and scantily punctured.
2 . The body is shorter and broader, with all the claws entire,
and the pygidium short and broad and strongly and coarsely
punctured.

Length, 18-20 mm.; breadth, 10-5-12 mm.
United Provinces : Allahabad (?) ; Assam : Khasi Hills.
Type in the British Museum.

Like P. ochracea, this species was originally reported as
inhabiting Allahabad, upon the authority of an old specimen
from the Bowring Collection in the British Museum. Dr. Jordan
has received it from the Khasi Hills, and I have little doubt that
the other locality is incorrect.

18. Parastasia luteola.

Lutera luteola, Westw.,* Trans. Ent. See. Lond. 1875, p. 236. ul 8
%. 2. yv ,i>

Straw-coloured, with the extreme margins of the head, prothorax,
scutellum and elytra, the divisions of the sternum and abdomen,.

46 RUTELTN,^.

the tibiae aud tarsi, two spots upon the vertex of the head, a
transverse row of six spots upon the anterior part of the pronotuni,
a short longitudinal mark in the middle of the posterior part,

-a spot in the middle of the anterior part of each elvtrou, an
oblique line extending backwards from the humeral callus, and
another upon the apical callus, black or brown. These markings
are variable, and some of them are frequently absent.

It is a rather short and broad insect, not very convex, and
very smooth above and beneath. The antennae are rather long
and slender. The head is coarsely and very scantily striolated,
with the apex smooth, and the clypeus moderately large, broadly
triangular and coarsely strigose, with the apical margin divided
into two blunt, slightly reflexed lobes. The pronotum and scu-
tellum are very finely and thinly punctured and the elytra bear
inconspicuous lines of minute punctures. The prothorax is
strongly transverse, not very convex, with the sides nearly
straight, strongly convergent in front, well rounded behind,
the front angles rather acute, the hind ones obtuse, and the
base slightly lobed in the middle. The scutellnm is very short
and broad, with rounded sides. The pygidium is finely coria-
ceous ; the metasternum is smooth and shining in the middle,

-and finely rugose and clothed with fine pale pubescence at the
sides. The mesosternum is narrow between the middle coxae
and nearly vertical in front. The front tibia is stout and armed
with three sharp teeth, the two terminal ones placed close
together.

S . Shorter and broader in shape, with the front tarsus

\thickened, the claw-joint enlarged and the inner claw dilated.
Length, 14-17'5 mm. ; breadth, 8-9-5 mm.
NicoBAE. Is. {Roepstorff) ; Malay Peninsula ; Siam ; Borneo,

■etc.

Type in the Oxford University Museum.

Ohaus records the species from the Himalayas, but this is

^probably incorrect.

19. Parastasia ochracea.

Cyphelytra ochracea, Waterb.,* Cistula Eutom. i, 1875, p. 367.

Bright yellow, with the head, pronotum, scutellnm, and
patches upon the femora a little more deeply coloured, and with
a small black spot on each side of the head between the eyes, one
on each side of the pronotum and an anterior and posterior row
of three (the median anterior spot double), a wavy line extending
from the humeral to the apical callus of each elytron, a shorter
one running parallel to the last posteriorly, two short longitudinal
lines external to it, two oblique internal ones, and a small spot
near the scutellnm on each side, all black or nearly black. The
edges of the clypeus, prothorax (before and behind), scutellnm,
elytra, pygidium, and the segments of the body beneath are also
margined with black, and the tibiae bear black patches.

PARASTASIA. PRUHSTORFERIA.

47

Fig. 13. — Parastasia

ochracea.

The insect is oval in shape, very smooth and shining, and
moderately convex. The head is scantily rugosely punctured,
and the clypeus broadly triangular witli its apical margin cleft
into two lobes, of which the points are reflexed and not sharp.
The eyes are not very close and the eye-ridges are feeble. The
■clypeal suture is strongly marked. The pronotum is very scantily
and lightly punctured, with the lateral
margins rounded, the front angles nearly
right angles, the liind angles rather ob-
tuse, and the base broadly trisinuated.
The scutellum is broad and nearly smooth,
with rounded sides. The elytra are verv
smooth and shining, with rows of large
annular punctures, which are not as usual
straight and parallel, but contorted, the
black markings described being outlined
by them. The pygidium is very finely
punctured, and bears a few long hairs
toward the apex. The metasternum is
moderately thickly clothed with long
yellow hair, and the mesosternum is uot produced. The front
tibia bears three acute teeth, the two apical ones approximated.
The longer claw of each foot is minutely cleft at the tip.

J . The antennae are rather long, the club nearly as long as
the footstalk. The front tarsus is a little thickened, and the
linner claw broad and twice as long as the outer.
The female is unknown.
Length, 16-5 mm. : breadth, 10'5 mm.
Sikkim: Darjiling; United Provinces : Allahabad (?).
Type in the British Museum.

The contorted elytral striae of this insect are highly peculiar
and found in no other Lameilicoru beetle known to me.

The locality Allahabad borrie by the type specimen from the
■old Bowring Collection is probably due to an error.

Genus FRUHSTORFERIA.

Fruhstoyferia, Kolbe, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Iv, 1894, p. 3.

Type, Fruhstorferia javana, Kolbe (Java).

Range. Burma, Indo-China, Java.

Body rather short and massive, broad, and not very convex.
Head moderately lai-ge, with the eyes wide apart and not very
prominent, and with more or less prominent ridges in front of
them. Antennae short, joints 3 to 7 very short, progressively
diminishing. Clypeus rather long, narrowed, with the front
margin entire. Pronotum broad, scarcely lobed behind. Pro-
sternum produced into a strongly-elevated vertical process behind
the front coxae. Mesosternum not produced. Legs rather short
and stout ; front tibia abruptly excised at the base internally and
.armed with three sharp teeth externally ; middle and hind'tibice

48 KUTELIN^.

not, or only feebly, spmose at the outer edge ; tarsi short, with
the outer, middle and hind claws deeply bifid.

6 • Body shorter than that of the female. Mandibles pro-
duced in the horizontal plane and strongly curved, the tips
approximating and generally turned slightly upwards. Clypeus
deflexed between the mandibles, and the labrum more or less
uncovered. Pronotum shorter than in the female. First four
ventral segments greatly contracted, the last two moderately
long. Pygidium incurved and completely covered by the elytra.
Pirst four joints of the front tarsus very short and broad, the
fourth with an internal lobe ; claw-joint very large and strongly
curved, the inner claw large and entire.

2 . Longer in sha])e. Clypeus more triangular. Elytra
thickened near the middle of the outer margins. Pygidium
prominent, not covered by the elytra. Inner front claw bifid or
toothed.

The second Indian representative of this genus differs in many
important particulars from the typical species, and it may be
necessary eventually to separate it generically, but this point can
only be decided when the discovery of more specimens has made
it more adequately known.

Key to the Species.

Light-coloured ; liind legs slender dohertyi, Ohaus.

Dark-coloured ; hind legs short and thick hirmanica, Arrow.

20. Fruhstorferia dohertyi.

Fruhdorfena sexmandata, Kraatz, var. dohertyi, Ohaus, Deutsche
Ent. Zeits. 1905, p. 98; Pouillaude, Iusecta,'l915, p. 16.

Pale greenish yellowy with the mandibles, tarsi, abdomen, the
extreme margins of the clypeus, prothorax (in front and behind),
and scutellum, and a small spot upou the apical callus of each
elytron, mahogany -red.

It is rather elongate in shape and not

very convex, and the lower surface is

clothed, not very thickly, with short, pale

yellow hair. The head is not large, and

the clypeus is produced as a narrow

rounded lobe between the mandibles.

The forehead is shining, very scantily

punctured, and has a vague triangular

depression in the middle. The ante-ocular

lobes are slightly prominent and bluntly

pointed. The pronotum is rather sparingly

but evenly punctured, its sides are very

Fig. \^.-FriJiaorfcria strongly bisinuated the front angles

dohertyi, (S / shghtly and the huid angles very strongly

acute, and the base broad and feebly

rounded in the middle. The scutellum is small and very finely

punctured. The elytra are shining, irregularly and modeiately

FEUHSTORFEEIA.. 49

closely punctured, with their apices rounded and the apical calli
prominent. The femora and tibiae are slender, the front tibise
stouter, and armed with three sharp teeth, the middle and hind
tibiae smooth, without ridges or spines at the outer edge. The
tarsi are slender, but sliort. The pygidium is shining and very
sparsely clothed with minute hairs.

(S . The mandibles are slender, acutely pointed, and calliper-
shaped.

1 have not seen the female, which, according to Ohaus, is
uniformly light reddish-brown above, coarsely punctured, and
scarcely shining, with the femora and tibiae yellow, and without
any lateral thickening of the elytra.

Length (without mandibles), 17 mm,; breadth, 9*5 mm.

BuBMA : Kuby Mines (TF. Doherty).

Type in Dr. P. Ohaus' collection.

The only specimen of this species that I have seen (in the
British Museum) probably represents a minor development, and
the mandibles may be found to attain considerably larger dimen-
sions. The species bears a very close resemblance to the Indo-
Chinese F. Q-mamlata, Kraatz, bat it is narrower in shape, the
head and scutellum are smaller in proportion, the elytra are
uniformly shining, instead of dull at the sides, and their apices
are rounded, instead of being squarely truncated. The triangular
depression on the head is also peculiar. The mandibles of the
small specimen here described are about 3 mm. long. In a well-
developed specimen of F. 6-maculata they measure about 15 mm.,
and it is quite possible that they attain a similar or even greater
development in the present species. Ohaus gives the dimensions
of the male as 17-5 to 20 mm. in length, 9-5 to 11 mm. in breadth,
but omits to say whether, as is probable, the mandibles are
excluded. The female measures 15 to 20 mm. long by 9 to
10"5 mm. broad.

21. Fruhstorferia birmanica.

Fnihstorferia birmanica, Arrow, Auu. Mag. Nat Hist (7) xix
1907, p. 354. '

Deep red, with the lower surface and legs a little paler in
colour, except the tarsi, which are dark. The lower surface and
pygidium are fairly closely clothed with tawny hair.

It is a short, compactly built, and moderately convex insect
with short stout legs, each of the four posterior tibiae bearing
a transverse spinose ridge on its outer face, the hind tibia broadest
at the end, and the hind femur very short and thick. The short
tubercular prosternal process is tufted at the end.

d . Very short, robust, and parallel-sided, with the head
coarsely punctured, the clypeus small, narrowed and rounded at
the apex, the mandibles produced (about as long as the head),
strongly recurved and acute at the tips. The prothorax is trans-
verse, rather strongly punctured, with the sides parallel behind,

50 EFTELTNiE.

and the base feebly trisinuated. The scutelliim is very short; and
finely punctured." The elytra bear strong and irregular punc-
tures, some of which form lines. The pygidium is turned
inwards and sparingly punctured. The front tarsi are thickened,
and the outer claw much larger than the inner one.

2 . Longer and more oval, with the mandibles not produced or
acute, the head more rugose, and the prothorax, elytra, and

Fig. \^.— Fruhstorferia -n,. ,„ ir i ^ i ■

birmanica, d. ^'^ l6.-Fruhstorfena

' ^ hirmanica^ 2 •

pygidium more coarsely and closely punctured. The elytra have
a small but well-marked thickening beyond the middle of the outer
edge and the pygidium is prominent.

Length, 17-20 mm. ; breadth, 9-5-10-5 mm.

BuEMA : Euby Mines ( W. Doherty — type). Chin Hills, Haka
(i^. E. Venning, August).

Type in the British Museuui.

Except in the shape of the head and the enlarged calliper-
shaped mandibles of the male, this peculiar species has little
superficial resemblance to the preceding one.

Genus DIDEEPANEPHORUS.

DidrepanepJiorus, Wood-Mason, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) ii, 1878,
p. 421.

Type, DidrepanepJiorus Mfalcifer, Wood-Mason.

Range. Assam.

Very compact and convex in form, with rather short and thick
legs, and entirely clothed above and beneath, including the legs,
with moderately short but close hair, very short and velvety upon
the scutellum and elytra. The clypeus is narrow and rather long,
the eyes wide apart and not prominent, with strongly developed
ridges in front. The antennae are 10-jointed and moderately
long. The pronotum is very tumid, with a slight median depres-
sion, the sides angulated in the middle, and the base broadly and
gently lobed. The scutellum is rather wider than long, with
curvilinear sides. The elytra are short, with their apical margins

DIDKEPANEPHORUS. 51

becoming rather abruptly vertical. Tlie lower surface and legs
are, like the upper surface, closely pubescent. The prosteruuin
forms behind a slightly prominent, but scarcely elevated lobe, and
the mesosternum is not produced. The front tibia is short,
abruptly excised at the base, and armed with three sharp teeth
externally, the two terminal ones close together. The middle
and hind tibiae are without distinct ridges or spines at the outer
edges. The joints of the tarsus, except the claw-joint, are very
short, and the outer claw on each of the four posterior feet is
deeply bifid.

J. The clypeus is bent downwards at an angle to the front
and between the enormously enlarged mandibles, which are pro-
duced forwards and upwards as a pair of sharply-pointed, strongly-
curved tusks, parallel to each other, and probably capable of little
or no movement. Each bears a sharp tooth a little beyond the
base upon the upper edge, pointing obliquely outwards and
forwards. The four basal joints of the front tarsus are extremely
short and broad, and the fourth bears a broad internal lobe,
which is finely striated upon the upper surface; the claw-joint is
very greatly enlarged and strongly curved, and the inner claw is
very large, not toothed, and folds back so that its tip rests upon
the lobe of the penultimate joint (see fig. 6). The four basal joints
of the abdomen are excessively short, the last two moderately long,
and the pygidium very convex and strongly incurved, so as to be
almost invisible from above.

$ . The clypeus is feebly bilobed and reflexed, the mandibles of
normal size and slightly bilobed laterally. The abdomen is
moderately long, not completely covered by the elytra, with the
pygidium rather short and not very convex. The inner front
claw bears a short tooth near the middle of its lower edge.

22. Didrepanephorus bifalcifer. (Plate I, figs. 5 & 6.)

Didrepanephorus bifalcifer, Wood-Mason,* Auu. Mao-. iSfat HisL
(5; ii, 1878, p. 423, tig.

Yellowish brown, with the head and scutellum reddish, and the-
elytra becoming gradually darker near the posterior margins, but
the dark colour ending abruptly before the terminal declivity,,
which, with the pygidium, legs, and lower surface, is pale yellow
in colour.

The body is rather cylindrical in shape, but not very long.
The pubescence with M-hich it is everywhere clothed is fairly long
upon the head, legs, and lower surface, and shortest upon the
scutellum and elytra. Upon the latter irregular scattered punc-
tures are visible. The pronotum is relatively large and strongly
humped above in both sexes, with the sides strongly angulated iii
the middle and nearly straight from there to the front angles,
which are acutely produced, and to the hind angles, which are
obtuse. Both front and hind margins are trisinuated.

S • The body is shorter and broader than that of the female,

e2

52 nUTELIN^.

the pronotura less attenuated in front, the elytra more parallel-
sided and ending more abruptly behind. The mandibles (in the
type-specimen) are about as long as the head and pronotum
together.

2 . The head is more rugose and more hairy than that of the
male. The pronotum is more narrowed in front and broader
behind, and clothed on each side of the middle line with rather
lono- and rough yellow hair, like that upon the head. The elytra
are a little less velvety, slightly dilated near the middle of the
sides and narrowed behind.

Length (without mandibles), 21 mm. ; breadth, 10-5-11-5 mm.

AssA.M : Wakidgaon, near Sadiya.

Ti/pe in the British Museum.

Nothing is known of the habits of this remarkable insect.
The female is now described for the first time, a specimen having
been found, together with a newly-emerged and deformed male,
by Col. W. F. Badgley.

Division III. ANOMALINI.

This group contains the great majority of the known species
of Old World E-UTELiN^ and almost all the brilliantly coloured
Indian representatives of the subfamily belong to it. Although
luxuriating most of all in the Oriental Region, the group is found
in all parts of the World except Australia, New Zealand, and the
Western slope of the South American mountain-chain. All the
species are probably root-feeders in the larval, and leaf-feeders in
the adult, condition.

Extremely varied in their outward form, these insects are yet
easily recognised and form a very well-defined group. The
antennae consist of nine joints only. The clypeus is reflexed at
the front margin and generally broadly rounded or semicircular,
but occasionally narrowly produced and snout-like, and still more
rarely a little excised in the middle. The labrum is horizontal,
generally slightly excised at the middle of the front edge and
conterminous with the clypeus. The mandibles are rounded
externally and do not extend beyond the clypeus when in repose.
The maxilla is short and armed with several sharp teeth, generally
forming three successive parallel series at right angles to the axis.
The mentum is broad and emarginate in front. The prothorax is
generally either broadly lobed or narrowly excised at the middle
of the hind margin, and may or may not have an elevated process
beneath just behind the front cox<e. The mesosternum may or
may not be produced forward between the middle coxae. The
elytra are fringed externally with a narrow colourless membranous
border. The last spiracle on each side is placed midway between
the front and hind margins of the penultimate segment. The legs
are very variable, stout or slender, the front tibiae generally armed
with two external teeth (but sometimes vi'ith three or only one).
The claws are variable, the hind ones always undivided, the longer

ANOMALINI. 53

one of the middle feet generally, and that of the front feet almost
always, cleft. Occasionally the male has the claws all simple.

In the male the apical tooth of the front tibia is generally
shorter and sharper than in the female, and the inner front claw
more or less dilated and distorted. In a few species the clvpeus
of the male is straight in front with sharp angles (JiiomaJa
dorsalis, hindu, etc.).

Kgji to the Oenera.

1 (L'O) Clypeus not produced into a

truncate rostruiii.

2 (9) Pronotuui excised befoie the scu-

tellum.

3 (8) Sides of thorax and elytra net

continuous ; small species.

4 (7) Hind coxfe not acutely produced

at the base.

5 (G) Narrowly elongate; teeth of the

front tibia separated by an acute fp, 56,

„ ,^, notch Dactylopopillia, «•. n.,

6 (5) Short ; teeth of the front tibia

Tj?°* separated by an acute notch . Popillia, Serv., p. 58.

7 (4) Hmd coxfB acutely produced at [p. 92.

o to\ J^^ H^^, Callistopopillia, Oh.,

o (d) tomes ot thorax and elytra evenly
and continuously curved ; large

n / n ^^P^^^^s Maceopopillia, Oh., p. 94.

9 (2) Pronotum not excised before the
scutellum.

10 (11) Mesosternal epimera interposed

n i^r^^ -^^^t'^^^^Ji ^^^^ prothorax and elytra TBicHANOMAi.A,g. n., p. 95.

11 (10) Mesosternal epimera not interposed

between the prothorax and
elytra.

12 (13) Pronotum and elytra verv flat,

the former widest at the hind

lo r^ .X ^^^^^""^ SPILOPOPILLIA, Kr., p. 96.

i.6 [\.'2) Pronotum and elytra not very tlat.

14 (19) Eyes_ not oblique; clvpeus not

excised (except in Anoinala hen-
yalensis, anguliceps, bilobata and
Jissilabris) .

15 (16) Prosternum strongly elevated and

1^ ,^r. J^^"^^ abruptly forward Mimela, Kirbv, p. 102.

lb (15) Prosternum rarely elevated and
never bent abruptly forward.

17 (18) All the tibiae armed with terminal

iG (^7^ -^'^^"ri-i :••••••, Anomala, Sam., p. 126.

18 (17) i^ront tibi.ie without spur, middle [p. 98

in /I ,^ -P^"^ V'"' ^''^'^ ^^^'' ""*^ ornone. Anoplanomala, g. n., '
li ^lil ^^^ oblique; clypeus biangulate. Micranomala, Arr. p. 100.
2U (1) Clypeus produced into a truncate
rostrum.

21 (22) Pronotum not broadlv transverse, [p 54

00 .01 ^ •0'"°'"'' °'' \^''' ''^"'^ • •" TPOPIORRHYNCHrS, BL

22 (21) Pronotum broadly transverse, not

^^*"T Ehinyptia, Burm., p. 268.

54 euteliXjE.

Genus TROPIORRHYNCHUS.

Trojiiorrhynchus, Blanch., Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris, 1850, p. 176.
Dinorhina^ Lacord., Gen. Col. iii, 1856, p. 326.

Type, Anisoplia orientis, Newm.

liange. Bombay.

Body rather short, with long legs, and the under surface densely
clothed witli decumbent pale hair. The clypeus is narrow, with
the sides of the posterior part rapidly converging and the anterior
part forming a narrow recurved rostrum, the front margin rounded
and slightly dilated and the middle line longitudinally carinate.
The eyes are rather prominent. The prothorax is narrow, with
the sides parallel or contracted behind, the front angles acute and
the base very gently rounded or feebly emarginate in the middle.
The scutellum is rather short. The shoulders of the elytra are
prominent, the membranous margins distinct and the apical angles
rather blunt. The mesosternum is pointed, but not produced
beyond the middle coxae. The pygidium is very convex. All
the tibiae are rather long and cjlindrical (not flattened). The front
ones are armed with two sharp teeth and the four posterior ones
taper slightly towards the end and are scarcely spiuose. The
terminal joint of each tarsus is very long, and the claws are very
long, slender and unequal, the longer one of the front feet only
in T. orientia, and of the front and middle feet of T. podagricus,
minutely cleft at the tip.

S . The body is nari'ower, the prothorax longer, the legs are very
long and stout, and the larger hind claw has an internal flange.

Tliis is a modiiied form of the common Palaearctic genns, Anisoplia,

Although the two known s])ecies of Tropiorrhynchua are closely
similar, they are distinguished by considerable structural differ-
ences. The generic diagnosis of Blanchard applies only to
T. orientis, Newm., although he included 2\ podagricus, Burm., by
name and gave characters supposed to be those of its female, but
really of a variety of T. orientis.

Key to the Species.

Mesosterimm prodnced ; hind trochanters
simple; pvonotum entirely hairy, broad
at the base ; longer claw of the front foot
cleft orientis, Newm.

Mesosternum not produced ; hind trochan-
ters spiuose ; pronotum narrowed at
the base, decorated with patches of
hairs ; longer claws of the front and
middle feet cleft podagricvs, P)urm.

23. Tropiorrhynchus orientis. (Plate I. fig. 2.)

Anisoplia orientis, Newm.,* Entom. Mag. v, 1838, p. 384 ; Burm.,
Handb. Eat. iv, 1, 1844, p. 226.

Metallic green or testaceous with a metallic suffusion, the head
and tarsi darker, the femora and tibiae orange. The elytra are

TROPIOaRHYNOHUS. 55

yellow, with a sutural stripe, a narrow outer marginal line, a crescent
traversing the suture in the anterior half and directed forwards,
and an obUque line extending from each shoulder almost to the
extremity, black ; these dark markings are frequently red instead
of black. The whole surface of the proiiotum is clothed with
■ erect yellowish pubescence, and there is a tuft of yellow hairs on
each side of the head between the eyes. The whole of the lower
surface, the femora and the pygidiuin (except a longitudinal
smooth line along the middle of the latter) are densely clothed
with decumbent white hair.

The head is finely and densely granular except upon the vertex,
where it is strongly punctured. The prouotuui is closely and
rugosely punctured, rather square in shape, with the sides augu-
lated before the middle and parallel from there to the base, which
is feebly emarginate in the middle; the front angles are acute and
the hind angles nearly right aqgles. The scutellum is finely
punctured on each side. The elytra are deeply punctate-striate,
the intervals being smooth and convex, and the fifth and sixth
striae closely approximating behind. The longer claw of the front
foot is cleft at the tip. The pygidium is punctured at the sides
and smooth and shining in the middle.

d" . The four hinder tarsi are longer than those of the female,
the front ones shorter and their longer claws blunt and only very
minutely cleft at the tip.

Length, 11-12 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Bombay : Kanara {T. R. D. Bell), Belgaum {H. E. Andrewes) ;
Punjab : Simla (Bei-lin Ent. Mus.) ; Baluchistan : Chaman
{E. T. Atkinson, April).

Ti/2Je in the British Museum.

24. Tropiorrhynchus podagricus.

Atiisojilia podaffrica, Burm., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 22G.

Deep metallic green, with the elytra black and each marked
with an anterior and a posterior pale yellow patch near the suture,
the former extending to and along the front margin and occasion-
ally uniting with the latter. Additional pale marks may appear
near the sides of the elytra, or all may be absent. Pale specimens
are also found in which the ground-colour, instead of being dark,
is reddish, with a slight metallic green lustre, except upon the
elytra. The lower surface is densely clothed with whitish de-
cumbent hair and there are similar but less closely set hairs upon
the femora, the circumference of the pygidium, at the inner edge
of each eye, on a triangular patch on each side of the front margin
of the pronotum and also at the hind angles.

The body is narrower and more parallel-sided than in T. orientis.
The head is finely and densely granular. The pronotum is densely
and rugosely punctured, the sides being contracted from before
the middle to the base, which is gently and uniformly curved,
the front angles are acute and the hind angles nearly right angles.

56 RUTELIN^.

The scutellum bears a few line punctures and is strongly depressed
anteriorly. The elytra are deeply punctate-striate, the second
and third intervals being wider than the rest, and the former
aving an incomplete row of punctures anteriorly. Thepygidium
is very convex and bears fine scattered punctures. The longer
claw is cleft at the tip in the front and middle feet, and the'
trochanters of the hind legs are produced into spines,

cf . The elytra are rather narrow and parallel-sided, the legs
very long, the hind tibiae inflated, the hind femora rather narrow
at the end, and the hind trochanters produced into strong spines.

Length, ll-5-]3'5 mm. ; breadth, 5-5-6*5 mm.

Bombay {Col. WhitehiU) ; Kashmir (according to Burmeister).

Ti/pe in the Halle Museum.

DACTYLOPOPILLIA, gen. nov.

Type, Popillia virescens, Hope.

Range. Himalayas.

The form is convex, long and narrow, especially the hinder part
of the body, of which the shoulders are not very prominent. The
prothoraxis very gently excised before the scutellum, and the meso-
sternum forms a broad lamina between the coxae. The pygidium
is setose, but tufted only in D. virescens. The legs are robust and
the front tibiae armed with two sharp and slender teeth, placed very
obliquely at the extremity, close together and separated only by
a very acute notch. All the claws are rather long and slender.

The male has the teeth of the front tibia more acute, the inner
front claw excised at the base, dilated and cleft, and the remaining
claws simple.

The female has the legs more slender and the longer claw of
the front and middle feet cleft.

In other respects the characters are those of Popillia.

Key to the Species.

1 (4) Pronotum punctured, shining.

2 (3) Pygidium lightly punctured, with

small basal tufts virescens, Hope, p. 56.

3 (2) Pygidium rugose with the sides hairy, blanchardi, Ohaus, p. 57.

4 (1) Pronotum rugose, dull opacicollis, Kraatz, p. 58.

25. Dactylopopillia virescens.

Popillia virescens, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Miscell. 1831, p. 23 ; Newui.^

Trans. Ent. See. Lond. iii, 1841, p. 44.
Popillia truncata, Redt.,* Hiigel's Kaschmir, 1848, iv, 2, p. 527.

Deep metallic green or golden green with the elytra orange and
lightly suflFused with a metallic lustre. The femora and tibiae
ai'e metallic green and the tarsi dark red.

It is convex and rather elongate, scarcely dilated behind the
shoulders. The clypeus is densely granular, short and broad, and
almost rectangular in shape, with the front margin almost imper-
ceptibly indented in the middle, the forehead closely and rugosely

DACTTLOPOPILLIA. 57

punctured, and the vertex of the head strongly and rugoseJy punc-
tured. The pronotum bears strong and close punctures all over,
which become coarser and partly confluent at the sides and finer in
the posterior median part. The scntellum is moderately punctured
and the elytra are deeply striated, the subsutural interval being
broad and irregularly punctured in its ante-
rior half, the punctured area gradually con-
tracting to form a deep median stria upon
the posterior lialf. The fourth interval
bears a nearly complete median row of
punctures. The elytra are without a dis-
tinct lateral flange. The pygidium is strongly
punctured, the punctures becoming rugose
at the sides ; it is decorated at the base
with a pair of rather small roundish patches
F'ls. \7 —Dactylo. ^^ P*^*^ hairs a.nd similar hairs clothe the
poinllia virescens. sides of the abdominal segments. The
me>osternal process is laminar, bluntly
pointed and only feebly produced. The front tibia is moderately
long and armed with two long teeth arising close together and
directed forwards; the claws are long ai;d the longer one rather
blunt.

cJ . Both teeth of the anterior tibia are very sharp. The claws
are long, the longer one of the front feet excised near the base
and cleft at the apex.

5 . The apical tooth of the front tibia is long and not very
acute. The longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft at
the apex.

Length, 12-14 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

SiKKiM : Upper Teesta Valley, 1000-4000 ft. ; Darjiling {Fruh-
storfer, June), Mungphu (Atkmson), Soom (Carmichael Coll.),
Pedong (Desgodms), Kurseong, Gopaldhara, Rungbong Valley
(H. Stevens) ; Nepal (type).

Tyjjc in the British Museum ; that of P. truncata in the Vienna
Museum.

26, Dactylopopillia blanchardi.

Popillia blanchardi, Ohaus,* Stett. Ent. Zeit. Iviii, 1897, p. 348.

Very dark metallic green or green-black, with the upper surface
of the head and thorax rather brighter green, the elytra pale
yellow, and the clypeus, antennae and legs orange, with a faint
metallic lustre.

The body is elongate in shape, rather parallel-sided and convex.
The head is densely rugose, with the clypeus small and nearly
straight in front. The pronotum is very transverse, coarsely
punctured (rather rugosely at the sides), with the lateral margins
strongly curved and approximating in front and behind, the front
angles very sharp and the hind angles very obtuse ; the base has
a very fine marginal stria and is very slightly excised in front of

58 RUTELIN^.

the scutellum, the latter being short and rather strongly punc-
tured. The elytra have five dorsal striae and a very nearly
complete row of confluent punctures upon the subsutural interval,
which is not much wider than the rest. The propygidiura, pygi-
dium and body beneath are rather evenly clothed with decianbent
grey hairs, but the apex of the pygidium and a narrow median
line at its base are bare. The mesosternuin is not produced, but
forms a rectangular lamina between the middle legs. The legs
are stout, the front tibiae being armed with two sharp slender
•oblique teeth, separated by a very acute notch.

d" . The inner front claw is long, broad and cleft at the apex.

Length, 10 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.

Assam : Ivhasi Hills (Berlin Entomological Museum),

Type in Dr. F. Ohaus' collection.

27. Dactylopopillia opacicollis.

Popillia opacicollis, Kraatz.* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 272.

Dark metallic green or seneous black, with the head and pro-
notum a little brighter green, and the elytra and legs bright
orange with a slight metallic suffusion.

The clypeus is densely rugose, short and transversely rect-
angular, with the front margin nearly straight. The forehead is
rugosely punctured in front, and very strongly and closely
punctured behind. The pronotum is very densely granular, with
a very narrow elevated ridge along the middle; the sides are
rather abruptly angulated before the middle and nearly straight
from there to the angles, of which the front are very acute and
the hind obtuse ; the sides are nearly parallel from the lateral
angulation to the hind angles, and the base is very feebly excised
before the scutellum. The latter is rarlier strongly punctured.
The elytra have five punctured dorsal striae and the subsutural in-
terval is broad and irregularly punctured. The pygidium is rather
evenly clothed with not very close decumbent white hair, and the
body beneath is similarly clothed with rather longer and looser hair.

S . The inner front claw is long, broad, and rather deeply cleft
at the apex.

Length, 10-12 mm.; breadth, 5-5-6-5 mm.

Assam : Khasi Hills.

Type in the Berlin Entomological Museum.

Genus POPILLIA.

"; -Popillia, Serv., Encycl. Meth. x, 16*25-, p. 367 ; Burm., Handb. Ent.
^c-- " ^^V'iv, 1, 1844, p. 292; Lacord. Gen. Col. ill, 1856, p. 334.

^ : J^^i- ,J'Tyf:e,, Popillia hipunctata, E. (S. Africa).

^^^'JCJ^ " Bange. Tropical Asia and Africa.

'^^J*'^ Generally small in size and short and stout in shape. The

head is not large, and the clypeus is broadly rounded, except in
P. nasuta. The prothorax is narrow in front and dilated to the

POPILLIA. 59

^nH^'th ''1""""^ narrower there than the elytra at the shoulders

and^tarT'of ' • '" "'r ^''-^^'^^r^ho^-t, exposing the p^gidiu.n
and part of the propygidium, and bear a narrow membranous

two na oh'^, r^''''" '^^-''^ ''"^'•^ '^^ «^«'^ ^^i^'e^f ^iie base, the

Trost^efntn. ""f T"' "^^u^"^ '^ form a transverse band. The
prcts oTVn'.-^ ^'^^ mesosternum forms a

Ire rather J!! V?. T^^l' '^f*^'"" *^^*^ '"^^^^^ «"^«^- ^he legs
and the t. , ' ^ ^'^^\''^^^ ^rmed with two teeth externally,
Z- andoon f?f -ticu ated and not long. The antenna ar^e
Ste naltv rl f T^ ^ r f '' ^''" «^^'^dibles are short, rounded
armed i{hfii^'""' "' '^'^'^'^^ ^'^'^ ^^ ^^^« ^^P- ^^^^^ maxilla is
inland sih I "uil ?'-^ 1'"^° ^^"^'P ^^^^*'- ^he mentum is
stout ^ ^ ^^''^ '"^ ^'""^' ^" ^^^^ P'-^^P^ ^^-^ «hort and

fenvllei'uf h!fl'"p"'^' are generally thicker than those of the
of the ?;' f ^borter and Mucker in the female. The longer claw
^idSle foo T. T-^^'' ^'1 " ^^^^' ^'^ ^^^^ ^"^-^l^' but tl,a^t of thi
deft in P tvv p' '?-'^'' '""^" ^^ ^^•'^^^ °f the species, but
front ?I "^"' ^- ''^'^'^y<^^^^^^ and a few others. The nner
front claw is more or less dilated in the male. In a few species
the clypeus IS straighter at the front edge in that sex ^

thenumt.''/'"!^ ,'^*''^ species of this large and difficult genus
sLZrtanV' /T^^ the elytral stri^ and their intervals

Ire cointer" .J^? ^'"s purpose the dorsal lines and spaces only
^oulZ n?n '' . ''n'? ^^''''" ^^^^^^^^" tbe suture and the

cSVhVfi r^r^' '^""')' ^'^^ ^P'-^^-^ ^^]o\n\n^ the suture being
ometi,t^|;iV"'r:f ^'^ ^'r^^ ^^^ ^^bsutural) interval if
orTncolle I'f Vt.'^'S'^^ so,„etimes wide and completely
or incompletely divided by a hne of punctures along the middle.

Key to the Species.
\ (4) Pygidium without hairs.

3 }i^ S/^P'"\P°^°ted, triangular ... . ^«s«^«, Newm., p G^

4 n V^^T^^ transverse, semicircular . cyanea, Hope, p.fe
4 (1) Pygidium decorated with pale ^

f; ';.o. T,^^""^' generally in two patches.
:■ \ul ™iotuin without hair above,
b (49) Elytra without distinct dorsal
luveae.

7 (18) Elytra with five equidistant dorsal

striae.

8 (17) Ventral segments with double

rows of hairs.

10 ^Jqi ?.°1«"^ "°if«™Iy golden-red .... /./,^^-, Arrow, p 63
-It* (9) Colour not uniform. , ^nuw, p. 0.5.

11 (16) Mesosternum produced.

12 (15) Striae of elytra deep.

la (14; Large; elytral intervals less con-

mar(/va'collis, Hope, p. 64.

60 RUTELINA'.

14 (13) Smaller; elytral intervals more

convex hirmnnica, Arrow, p. 65.

15 (12) Striae of elytra not deep Icevistriafa, Arrow, p. G6.

16 (11) Mesosternum not produced andamanicn, Kr., p. 66.

17 (8) Ventral segments -with single rows

of hair jndchra, Arrow, p. 67.

18 (7) Dorsal strife not equidistant, or

more than five.

19 (44) Elytra without abrupt lateral

flange.

20 (31) The four inner elytral striae entire,

similar and equidistant.

21 (24) Pronotum sti'ongly punctured, at

the sides at least.

22 (23) Pygidium with two basal tufts . . difficilis, Newm., p. 68.

23 (22) Pygidium with a basal baud of

hairs puncticollis, Kr., p. 69.

24 (21) Pronotum very smooth.

25 (28) Sternal process broad ; 5th elytral

interval not broad.

26 (27) Sternal process pointed testaceipennis, Kr., p. 69.

27 (26) Sternal process blunt nitida, Hope, p. 70.

28 (25) Sternal process narrow •, 5th ely-

tral interval broad and irregularly
punctured.

29 (30) Front margin of the clypeus nar-

rowly reflexed lavicollis, Kr., p. 71.

30 (29) Front margin of the clypeus

broadly reflexed clypealis, Ohaus, p. 71,

31 (20) Second elytral stria more or less

disrupted.

32 (39) Mesosternum produced.

33 (34) Mesosternal process acute ; elytra

bicolorous flavofasciata, Kr., p. 72.

34 (33) Mesosternal process blunt ; elytra

unicolorous.

35 (36) Legs pale judkaitia, sp. n., p. 73.

36 (35) Legs dark.

37 (38) Sides of the pronotum strongly

punctured cupricollis, Hope, p. 73.

38 (37) Sides of the pronotum very lightly

punctured macdeUmidi, Hope, p. 74.

39 (32) Mesosternum vertical in front.

40 (43) Pronotum elongate, finely punc-

tured (except at the sides).

41 (42) Second elytral stria entirely dis-

rupted . . nottrotti, Kr., p. 75.

42 (41) Second elytral stria almost entire, patricia, sp. n., p. 75.

43 (40) Pronotum strongly transverse, very

coarsely punctured suhquadrata, Kr., p. 76.

44 (19) Elytra with abrupt lateral flange.

45 (48) Mesosternal process rather long.

46 (47) Pronotum very finely punctured. gemma, Newm., p. 77.

47 (46) Pronotum very strongly punc-

tured amabilis, Arrow, p. 77.

48 (45) Mesosternum short im2n'essipyga, Ohaus, p. 7i

49 (6) Each elytron with a fovea before

the middle.

POPILLIA. 61

50 (51) Pjgidium very prominent and con-

vex; hair-tufts small and loose . caerulea, Boh., p. 79

51 (50) Pj'gidium not very prominent or

convex; hair-tufts large and close, fea, Kr., p. 80.

52 (5) Pronotum more or less hairy.

6o (74) Hair contined to the sides of the
pronotum.

54 (03) Tufts of the pygldiuni not large

and rounded.

55 (00) Elytra deeply striated.

66 (59) Striae regular and distinctly punc-

tured.

67 (58) Legs bright yellow piilchripes, Arrow, p 80,

58 (57) Leo-s dark lucida, Newm., p. 81.

59 (56) Striae irregular and not distinctly

punctured Morion, Newra., p. 82.

60 (55) Elytra very lightly punctate-

striate.

61 (62) Tjonger middle claw of c? entire *. lavis, Burm., p. 83.

62 (61) Longer middle claw cleft in both

sexes clara, Arrow, p. 83,

63 (54) Tufts of pygidium large and

rounded.

64 (65) Pronotum closely punctured .... adamas, Newm., p. 84.

65 (64) Pronotum not closely punctured,

66 (67) Intervals of elytra "nearly equal,

convex eximia, Arrow, p 84.

67 (66) Intervals of elytra unequal, the

2ud wide, punctured,

68 (71) Pygidium feebly sculptured ;

longer middle claw of the male
not cleft.

69 (70) Sternal process blunt discalis, Walk., p. 85.

70 (69) Sternal process sharp propinqua, Arrow, p. 87

71 (68) Pygidium strongly sculptured ;

longer middle claw of the male
cleft.

72 (73) Sternal process sharp ; elytra feebly

foveolated complanata, Newm., p. 87.

73 (72) Sternal process blunt ; elytra

strongly foveolated schizonycha, Arrow, p, 88.

74 (53) Hair not contined to the sides of

the pronotum.

75 (82) Pronotum with erect scattered

hairs.

76 (77) Pygidium without basal hair-

patches sulcata, Eedt., p. 89.

77 (76) Pygidium with basal hair-patches.

78 (81) Pronotum strongly punctured.

79 (81)) Front margin of the clypeus

strongly reflexed simlana, Arrow, p. 89.

80 (79) Front margin of the clypeus not

strongly reflexed jnlosa, Arrow, p. 90.

81 (78) Pronotum rugose minuta, Hope, p, 91.

82 (75) Pronotum covered with close even

bair pilicoUis, Kr,, p, 91,

* The female is unknown.

62 llUTBLIN^.

28. Popillia nasuta.

Popillia ««s»i«,"Newm.* Ma<?. Nat. Hist. (2) ii, 1838, p. 337; id..
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iii, 1841, p. 46; Burni.,Handb. Ent. iv, 1,
1844, p. 295.

Popillia acuta, Newm.,* 1. c.

Golden-red, coppery or green, sometimes with the elytra less
deeply suftused with metallic green lustre.

It is oval, stout, and convex in shape, with coarse yellowish
hairs at the sides beneath, but none upon
the upper surface. The head is finely
rugose; the clypeus is triangular, with the
sides nearly straight and regularly approxi-
mating towards the extremity, which is
bluntly pointed and strongly reilexed. The
pronotum is strongly convex and Tery
smooth, with a few fine punctures near the
frout angles ; the sides are strongly
rounded, the front angles slightly acute,
the hind angles very obtuse, and the base
not deeply emarginate. The scutelluin
bears a few punctures, and the elytra bear
Fig. \6.— Popillia nasuta. five deep, nearly equidistant, strongly punc-
tured dorsal striae. The intervals are smooth
and convex, the second having a short imperfect stria at the base.
There is no lateral flange. The pygidium is coarsely transversely
rugose and without tufts or hairy clothing. The mesosternal pro-
cess is rather long, acute, and not compressed. The front tibiae
are armed with two strong sharp teeth.

c? . The inner front claw is deeply cleft, the inner lobe is broad,
and both lobes are truncated at the end. The outer middle claw
is long and entire.

5 . The longer claw of the front and middle feet is deeply cleft,
with the lobes nearly equal and very sharp.
Length, 10-11 mm.; breadth, 5"5 mm.
Bombay.

Types in the Oxford Museum ; co-typts in the British Museum.
There is a little variation in the degree of acuteness of the
clypeus, which led to the first-discovered specimens being regarded
as belonging to two species.

29. Popillia cyanea.

Popillia c;/a«ea, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Miscell. 1831, p. 23; Newm.,
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lend, iii,' 1841, p. 39; Burm., Handb. Ent. iv, 1,
1844, p. 297.

Pojnllia heryllina, Hope,* 1. c.

Deep steel-blue, indigo-blue, or nearly black, above and beneath,
with the sides of the sternum and abdomen not very thickly
clothed with coarse greyish hair, and the pygidium quite naked.

'POPILLIA. 63

The body is short, robust and convex, very smooth and shining.
The clypeus and forehead are finely and closely rugose, the former
semicircular in shape, with the margin only slightly reflexed, and
the vertex of the head closely punctured. The pronotum is very
convex, very smooth and shining in the middle and at the base,
closely ])unctured at the front and sides, with the lateral margins
strongly curved, the front angles acute, and the hind angles
almost obsolete. The scutellum is minutely and sparingly punc-
tured. Each elytron bears a deep transverse impression before the
middle and six lightly impressed dorsal rows of fine punctures,
the second row being incomplete posteriorly. The pygidium is
coax'sely, and at the sides confluently, punctured. The meso-
sternal jirocess is w^ell produced, broad (vertically), and bluntly
rounded at the end.

(^ . The pygidium is convex and protuberant at the apex, and
the front tibia is rather broad, with sharp but feeble teeth.

5 . The pygidium is rather flat, and the terminal tooth of the
front tibia is long and blunt.

Lenqth, 11-13 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Punjab : Kangra Valley, 45U0 ft. {G. C. Dudgeon, July) ; W.
Kashmir (Lt.-Col. SeatJmn) ; N. Bengal: Siliguri ; United Pro-
TiNCES : Garhwal, Mussoorie, 7500 ft. (IT, M. Lefroy), Kumaon,
W. Almora {H. O. Champion); 'NE-pAi,(HardivicJce — types); Sikkim:
Darjiling (H. Fnihstorfer), Lebong, 5000 ft. (H. M. Lefroy);
Assam : Naga and Patkai Hills ( W. Doherty).

Types in the British Museum.

Although it is placed as a synonym of P. cyanea in the Munich
Catalogue, the few words in which Popillia concolor. Cast., is
" described " do not seem to me to be applicable to this insect.
It may not be an Indian species.

30. Popillia felix. (Plate IV. fig. 15.)

Popillia felix, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913, p. 41.

Golden red above and beneath, with the elytra orange-red, the
pygidium bearing two basal patches of whitish hairs, the sternum
densely clothed (except in the middle) with similar hairs, and each
ventral segment bearing two rows of transversely placed hairs at
the sides.

The body is oval, compact and convex, and the upper surface
very smooth and shining. The clypeus is shortly transverse,
nearly straight in front and very finely rugose, and the forehead
is rather closely and evenly punctured. The pronotum is very
smooth and shining and scarcelv visibly punctured, with the front
angles acute, the hind angles very obtuse, and the sides angulate
in the middle and not visibly curved. The scutellum is very
minutely punctured, and each elytron bears five deep equidistant
dorsal striae, which are finely punctured, the intervals being.

64 RPTELIN^.

smooth and convex. The pygidium is convex and rather coarsely
transversely strigose. The raesosternal process is moderately long
and slender, not flattened. The tibiae are stout, and the two teeth
of the front tibia short and close together.

cT . The front tibi?e are very broad, and the two teeth minute
and sharp.

$ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is blunt and spatulate
and the hind tarsi are very short and thick.

Length, 13-14 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.

Assam.

The type in the British Museum and a specimen in the Oxford
Museum (from the Miers Coll.) are labelled "India" alone, while
one in the Berlin Entomological Museum is said to have come
from Assam.

31. Popillia marginicoUis. (Plate IV, fig. 14.)

Popillia marginicolUs, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Miscell. 1831, p. 23;

Newm., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lend, iii, 1841, p. 44 ; Burm., Handb.

Ent. iv. 1, 1844, p. 300; Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii,

1913, p. 39. <
Popillia marginicolUs, var. purpuricollis, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits.

xxxvi, 1892, p. 226 ; Ohaus, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1897, p. 346.
Popillia marginicolUs, var. atrata, Kraatz, 1. c.

Deep metallic green or golden green, with the elypeus, the
sides of the pronotum, the elytra, the extremity of the abdomen
(generally) and the legs and antennae reddish orange with a
metallic lustre (generally very slight or absent upon the elytra,
except along the suture); the hind tibias and the tarsi generally
darker in colour than the remainder of the legs.

The body is moderately short, broad, and not very convex above.
The elypeus is broad, finely rugose and nearly straight in fi*ont,
and the forehead is strongly and closely punctured. The pronotum
is shining, very minutely punctured, except near the front angles,
with the lateral margins strongly angulated before the middle and
nearly straight to the front and hind angles, of which the former
are acute and the latter well marked but obtuse. The scutellum
bears a few punctures. Each elytron bears five deeply impressed,
regular and equidistant striae, finely punctured at the bottom.
The intervals are smooth, slightly convex and quite unpunctured.
The sides bear less i-egular rows of strong punctures and are
without abrupt flanges. The pygidium is coarsely transversely
striolated, and at the apex very convex. There are two small
roundish patches of white hairs at the base of the pygidium and
scattered hairs at the sitles, and the sides of the sternum and of
the abdominal segments are rather densely clothed with similar
hairs, those of the latter in double series. The mesosternal pro-
cess is moderately long, but not very sharp and not compressed.
The two teeth of the front tibia are minute and placed close
together at the extremity.

POPILLIA. 65

S . The legs are stout and the tarsi very short and thick. The
front tibia is very broad, with very short but sharp te;3th, and the
middle tibia is short and rather inflated The inner front claw is
broad, blunt and minutely cleft at the extremity, the outer middle
clau' is long but not cleft.

2 . The front and middle legs are slender, and the hind ones
stout, with short thick tarsi.

Length, 11-13 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Nepal {Maj.-Gen. ifardwicJce—tjpe) : Khatmandu, Chaud-
ragiri; Assam: Mangaldai Ghat {S. Kemp, Oct.), Sylhet, Cachai

2'ype in the British Museum.

Several of the supposed varieties of PopilUa marginicollis belong
to different species, but a melanic form (var. utmta, Kr.) occurs
in which the prothorax is of a deep purple colour and 1he elytra
•entirely lilack or with a narrow pale basal n)argin. The name
P. purpmricollis has also been applied by Kraatz to specimens with
a purple thorax, but these cannot be recognised as representing
a definite variety.

32. Popillia birmanica. (Plate IV, fig. 16.)

PopilUa birmanica, Arrow, Ann. Mag-. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913, p. 4c$.
Popillin marginicollis, var. brunnicoUis, Ki-aatz,* Deutsche Ent' z'eits"
1897, p. 327.

Reddish testaceous, with the head (except the clypeus), the
middle of the pronotum, the scutellum and parts of the lower
surface dark green, entirely sufl'used with a metallic green lustre
except upon tlie elytra, which have usually more or "less distinct
longitudinal dark lines.

It is elongate in shape and not very convex. The clypeus is
very minutely rugulose, and the rest ot^ the head distinctly punc-
tured. The pronotum is very finely and sparingly punctured, with
the middle of the bas:d part quite smooth. The scutellum bears a
few very minute punctures and its apex is rounded. The elytra
have each five very deep equidistant dorsal stri« bearing confluent
punctures at the bottom, and the intervals are smooth and very
convex. The pygidium is coarsely transversely striolated and
bears two large white hairy patches at the base and a line of
irregular hairs on each side almost meeting at the apex. The
ventral segments nre divided by transverse carina? at the sides and
•doubly fringed. The mesosternum is moderately produced.

Length, 9-12-5 mm.; breadth, 5-7 mm.

Assam : Sylhet, Patkai Hills, Cachar ; Burma : Momeit ( W.
Doherty), Papun, Tenasserim {Lt.-Col. Adavimn).

Type in the British Museum.

The specimen in the Genoa Museum to which the varietal name
brunnicoUis was given by Kraatz is an immature individual. I
have stated in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913, p. 38, the
reasons why this varietal name cannot be emploved for the
species.

66 EUTEIilliai.

There is I lie closest relationship between this and the pre-
cedint^ species (P. marginicollis), although the genitalia of the
males are very different. P. binnanica is a rather smaller form,
with deeply striated elytra and very convex intervals.

33. Popillia laevistriata.

Popillia Iceoistriata, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913, p. 42.

Reddish testaceous, sufiused (except upon the elytra) with a
metallic green lustre, the head (except the clypeus), the pronotum
and scutellum dark green, the former Avith rather bread but
vaguely defined yellow margins.

It is rather elongate and extremely smooth and shining. The
clypeus is very minutely rugulose and the forehead rather closely
punctured. The pronotum is very minutely punctured at the
front and sides, the lateral margins are sharply angulated in the
middle, the front angles very acute, the hind angles slightly obtuse
but not rounded, and the base strongly excised before the
scutellum, which bears only a few minute punctures. Each
elytron bears five equidistant punctured striae, which are lightly
impressed, with the intervals scarcely convex. The pygidium is
coarsely transversely rugose and bears two rather large compact
patches of whitish hairs at the base. The ventral segments are
divided laterally by median carinse and each bears a double fringe
of stiff hairs. The mesostenuim is produced into a moderately
long and acute process.

S . The legs are very short and thick, and the front tibia
bears two very minute sharp teeth placed close together at the
extremity.

Length, 11 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.

Assam: Patkai Hills (Doherti/).

I know only the single type-specimen in the British Museum.

34. Popillia andamanica. (Plate IV, fig. 17.)

Popillia andamanica, Kraatz,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 279 ;

Arrow, Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913, p. 89.
Popillia marginicollis, var. andamani ca,Oh.{ius,'Stett. Ent. Zeit. Iviii,

1897, p. 346.
Popillia marginicoUis, var. trifolium, Ohaus, loc. cit.

Orange, with the tiead (except the clypeus), the pronotum
(except the lateral borders), and the scutellum dark golden green
or metallic greenish blue, and the elytra decorated with black as
follows : — The posterior half is black, sharply limited anteriorly
and extending forward at the suture and still more along the
outer margins, where it frequently unites with a black shouldei'-
spot, and there is a black spot in the middle of the remaining pale
area upon the anterior half of each elytron. The upper and lower
surface, except the elytra, as well as the legs, are suffused with a.
pale greenish metallic lustre.

rOPILLIA. ^-

Pale specimens occur in vvhioli ffi^ /lo«i- i ■

or entirely absent. ^ ''^'^^ marking, are almost

Tl.e shape is rhomboiclal and rati.er depressed ahovp TU i i
IS small, with the clypeus finely rugose Sl^.f, ?! "^^^^
verse. The forehead is closely punctured ^°^,'^^°"g'^ ^rans-
rather long, shining, with excesshe^v fin l"" P'*^"«tum is

anterior part becominr.nfh^, f ' ^ Punctures upon its

the sides^rj ^s;\; ;;iirEr mSd!:^^^

angles acute and the hind angles obfuse Tbo S f'n u'^"*^
rather numerous punctures and pV,4 i f ^^'\'''''^^^^''^ bears

ti^x ;'™s -"■ -"- '-^ -^"-^^^^^^^^^^^^ ;?s

The pygidium i, confcal at the extremitv "'" *"'''•

$ . The four anterior less are sJpndAi- onrl fu i • i i
with very short and thkk far' iTe t v„ teth „f 'tt '°\'ri"'
are onrr, the termiml n.-.^ Ki,, / j i °^ *'^^ ^^'^"^ tibia

Zmr,(7,, 8-9-5 mn,.; breadth, 5-5-.3 in,,,

niesosternal process clvnpn« , ,f"^'^" «"2<^' differently shaped
very pee„h„r''X:tiS.''^T;e'';treJe:£d Z Sh" "V" ''^

35. Popillia pulchra.

the^ta"(ircep" fhe^j;:;;,'; ^"rd" """. ^'■^^""'' -«-"»-;

half), and lower surface dirk metnM? ^""T' *'"" P°»"'"°''

with the hind tarsi black «''""'• ""'' *'"' '"S^ S°W<=».

68 BUTELINyi:.

marked, the front ones acute, the hind slightly obtuse, the sides
scarcely rounded, but angulated betore the middle. The scutelluni
bears a few minute punctures. The elytra have each five deep
punctured dorsal strise ; the intervals are convex, but the second
and fourth are a little depressed and the formei' bears a few large
punctures anteriorly. The pygidiuin is rather coarsely trans-
versely strigose, and bears two patches of pale hairs at the base.
The sternum is clothed with rather long decumbent hairs, and.
each ventral segment has a row of similar hairs at the side. The
mesosterual process is compressed, rounded at the extremiiy and
moderately long. All the tibiae and the hind tarsi are short
and thick in both sexes.

(^ . The front tibiae are very broad and the two teeth sh.ort.

Length, 9-5-11 mm. ; breadth, H-6-5 mm.

Burma : Karen Hills, 2700-3;i00 ft.(L. Feci, Dec).

Ti^ipe in the British Museum.

36. Popillia difficilis.

PopilUa difficilis, Newm. * Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) ii, 1838, p. 337 ; id.,
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iii, 1841, p. 45.

Golden green, with the elytra and the front and middle tibiae
and tarsi testaceous yellow, and the whole surface suffused with
metallic green lustre.

It is a small species of rather elongate oval shape. The head
and middle part of the clypeus are finely punctured, and the front
and sides of the latter a little excavated and rugose. The pro-
notum is finely and closely punctured, except in the posterior
median part ; it is strongly narrowed to the front, with its sides
sharplv angulated in the middle, the front angles acute, the hind
angles sharp and rectangular, the base deeply emarginate and
having a distinct marginal stria on each side. The scutellura
bears a few extremely fine punctures. The elytra bear seven
deep and nearly equidistant, strongly-punctured dorsal striae, and
the intervals are smooth and convex; the sides are not flanged.
The pygidium is strongly but not closely punctured, with the
sides hairy, and two large, not very well-defined hairy patches
at the base. The mesosternal process is long, compressed and
narrow, but not acute. The metasternum is rather thit-kly clothed
with coarse yellowish hair, and the abdominal segments bear con-
tinuous bands of similar hairs. The front tibia bears two sharp
teeth.

Length, 8'5 mm. ; breadth, 4*5 mm.

" East Indies."

Ty^ye in the Oxford Museum.

I have seen only the -single type-specimen. It is not certain
that the species inhabits India proper.

POPILLIA. 69

37. Popillia puncticollis.

Fopillm picncticuUis, Kiaatz,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1897, p. 32!).

Green or golden green, with tlie elytra testaceous, suffused with
a metallic lustre.

The body is rather long and narrow. The clvpeus is finely
granular and the forehead densely punctured. Tlie prouotum is
closely and rather coarsely punctured, but less stronglv along the
middle line, with a nearly smooth space before the'scutelTum ;
the sides are gently angulated before the middle, the front angles
acute and the hind angles very obtuse. The scutellum bears a
few punctures, and each elytron has six deeply impressed, strongly
punctured dorsal striae placed at nearly equal distances, the
intervals being smooth and convex ; the sides are dilated, but not
abruptly flattened behind the shoulders. The pygidium is coarsely
and rugosely punctured, and entirely but not thickly clothed with
rather long coarse whitish hair, with a rather narrow transverse
basal band of dense hairs, which is interrupted at the middle.
The sides of the metasternum and of the abdominal segments are
rather thickly clothed with similar hau-s and the mesosternal
process is rather long and strongly compressed. The front tibia
is armed with two strong sharp teeth.

I have not seen a male.

Length, 11 mm. ; breadth, 5'5 mm.

kSiKKiM (Bretandeau).

Ty2)e in M. Eene Oberthiir's collection ; co-types in the Genoa
and Berlin Entomological Museums.

38. Popillia testaceipennis.

Popillia testaceipetmis, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeit,s. 1892, p. 270.

Steel-blue or green above and below, with the elvtra testaceous,
their inner, front and hind edges very narrowly and" the outer edges
less naii-owly bordered with the dark colour of the rest of the body.

The body is rhomboidal, slightly elongate, depressed, and very
smooth and shining. The head is rather finely and rugosely
punctured, with the sides of the clypeus strongly contracted to
the front margin, which is very gently curved. The prouotum is
almost smooth, with very minute punctures towards (but not
reaching) the sides and in the front angles ; the lateral margins
are angulated before the middle, the front angles acute and the
hind angles obtuse. The scutellum is scantily and minutely
punctured, and the elytra bear six similar and nearly equidistant
strongly-punctured striae, with the intervals smooth and scarcely
convex; the lateral margins are not flanged. The pygidium is
strongly punctured, and bears rather scanty yellowisir hairs at
the sides and apex and two sharply-defined "rather remote basal
patches. The mesosternal process is strongly compressed, broad,
curved and acuminate. The middle of the metasternum and
abdomen are smooth and the sides rather thickly hairy, the hairs

70 llUTKLliS-TE.

forming transverse lateral bands upon the abdominal segments
and also bordering the femora.

In one specimen of the Genoa Museum series tlie dark border
of the elytra has enlarged to such a degree that only a large
roundish pale spot remains upon each.

c? . The front tibia is broad and bears two very short minute
teeth close together at the extremity.

5 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long and blunt.

Length, 10 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.

Burma: Karen Hills, 900-1100 metres (L. Fea, Dec).

Type in the Genoa Museum.

9. Popillia nitida.

Popillia nitida, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Miscell. 1831, p. 23 ; Newm.,

Trans. Ent. Soc. Lend. iii,'^1841, p. 45.
Var. Popillia concolor, Kraatz,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1897, p. 328.

Deep metallic green or golden green, with the legs and elytra
orange, suffused with a metallic green lustre.

It is very smooth and shining, oval in form, with the slioulders
scarcely prominent, and rather depressed. The clypeus is finely
rugose, sliort and broad, with the margin rounded ; the forehead
is finely and not densely punctured. The pronotum is extremely
smooth and shining, very feebly convex, and scarcely i)erceptibly
punctured, except towards the lateral margins ; these are gently
angulated near the middle and nearly straight from there to the
angles, of which the front ones are acute and the hind rather
obtuse. The scutellum is smooth and almost devoid of punctures,
and tlie elytra each bear seven deeply impressed, regular and
almost equidistant, punctui-ed dorsal striae, with the intervals
narrow and convex ; the sides are gently rounded and not flanged.
The pygidium is rather flat, smooth and shining along the middle,
coarsely punctured and clothed with moderately long greyish hairs
at the sides, the hairs collected at the base into two masses, not
very well defined and sometimes indistinguishable. The meso-
srernal process is long and curved, but blunt at the end. The
sides of the sternum and the abdominal segments are clothed with
coarse yellowish hairs. The legs are slender, and the longer claw
of the four anterior feet is cleft in both sexes.

In the var. concolor, Kr., the elytra, like the rest of the body,
are deep metallic green. This phase was taken with the typical
form in Sikkim,

cJ . The front tibia is broad and the teeth very short and sharp.

5 . The apical tooth of the front tibia is long and blunt.

Length, 10-11-5 mm. ; breadth, 5-5-5 mm.

Nepal (Maj.-Gen. Hardwlde — type) ; Sikkim : Darjiling(Per/r-
50Ji), Kurseong, 0000 ft. {E. A. J/Abreii, July); Assam: Khasi
11 ills ( Griffiths), M anipur ( W. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum ; that of var, concolor in JM. Eene
Oberthiir s collection.

POPILLIA. 71

4u. Popillia laevicollis.

FopiUia heoicollis, Kraatz* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 275.

Deep iimtallic i;reeii, golden green, ov fiery red, with tlie lower
surface usually dark green and the elytra orange-red.

'J'he form is rather ovate and depressed, the pygidium bears a not
ver}^ thick patch of grey hairs on each side of the base, and the sides
of the steriiuin and abdomen are thinly clothed with rather long
grey hairs. The clypeus is densely punctured, with the front margin
broadly rounded and narrowly reflexed ; the forehead is densely
punctured and tlie vertex nearly smooth. The pronotum is rather
broad at the base, not very convex and almost smooth, but with
fine scattered punctures towards the sides ; the lateral margins
gradually approximate from base to apex and are only very feebly
angulated at the middle, the frout angles being ncute and the hind
angles distinct but obtuse. The scutellum is very smooth, and
the elytra bear six deeply-impressed dorsal striae, the fifth interval
very broad, with a median line of punctures, sometimes very
incomplete ; there are no lateral flanges. The pygidium is rather
flat and irregularly punctured ; the metasternum and abdomen
are smooth in the middle. The mesosternal process is long,
narrow, and blunt at the end.

6 . The front tibia b^ars tw o sharp but very short teeth.
2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is rather long and
blunt.

Length, 9-10 mm. ; breadth, 5-55 mm.

Assam: Khasi Hills, JShillong; Bhutan {Ciq'tt. Pemherton);
SiKKiM : 'D^Y\\\\ng{E.T.AtTctnson); Tonkin (22. Vitalis de Salvaza).

Type in the Berlin Entomological Museum.

41. Popillia clypealis.

Popillia dypeulis, Ohaus,* Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1897, p. 347.

Deep metallic green, golden green, or fiery red, v^ith the lower
surface usually deep green and the elytra orange-red.

It is ovate and rather depressed in shape. The pygidium and
lower surface are clothed, not very thickly, with long grey hairs,
w hich form a not very conspicuous transverse band at the base of
the pygidium. The head is closely punctured, the clypeus less
closely and deeply than the forehead, the clypeal margin broadly
rounded, and strongly and abruptly reflexed. The pronotum is
very smooth and shining, w"ith a few shallow scattered punctures
towards the front and sides ; the lateral margins contracted from
the base to the front angles, scarcely curved, very obtusely angu-
lated before the middle, wdth the front and hind angles sharp, the
former acute and the latter obtuse. The scutellum is smooth,
very short, and bears only a few punctures. The elytra bear six
deeply-impressed, finely-punctured dorsal sti'iae, the intervals
convex and rather narrow, the fifth broader, with scattered
punctures along the middle ; there are no lateral flanges. The

72

HUTELINiE.

pygidiuin is coarsely and coiiflueutly punctured, as are the meta-
sternum and abdomen at the sides. The mesosternal process is
moderately produced and sharp.

<S . The front tibia bears t\\ o short and rather sharp teeth.

$ . The front tibia bears two longer and blunter teeth.

This species closely resembles PojnlUa IcevicoUis, Kr., to which
it is most nearly related, but with well-marked points of difference.
Besides the broadly turned-up edge of the clypeus, from which
it takes its name, it has a smaller and shorter ^icutellum, and the
pygidium has a ba!«al band of not very dense hairs, instead of two
hair-patches.

Length, 9 mm. ; breadth, 6 mm.

Assam: Khasi Hills ; Punjab: Sim hi ; Kashmir.

Tyj^e in Dr. F. Ohaus' collection.

42, Popillia flavofasciata.

Popillia jiavofasciata, Kraatz, Deutsche Eut. Zeits. xxxvi, 1892,
p. 271.

Brilliant deep purplish crimson, with the elytra testaceous,
except the apical third, the shoulders and the lateral margins,
which are black, and entirely metallic, with the exception of the
elytra, of which only the sutural edges are metallic.

It is elongate in shape, rather depressed, and extremely smooth
and brilliant, with the sides of the body
beneath densely clothed with rather long
decumbent yellow hair. The clypeus is
r densely rugose, with the front margin
I straight and the sides rounded; ihe
I forehead is rather rugosely, and the ver-
tex irregularly, punctured. The prono-
tum bears only extremely minute and
scanty punctures, except near the front
angles, where they are stronger, and the
scutelluui has onlv a few minute punc-
tures. The elytra are ratln-r smooth,
but bear a sutural stria and five nearly
equal and equidistant dorsal striae,
with a wide and irregularly-punctured
the striiB are finely punctured and the
The pygidium is coarsely but scantily
punctured, and has a broadly transverse basal patch of yellow
hairs on each side. The mesosternal process is strongly produced
and compressed, with its apex curved upwards and rather sharp.
The legs are stout, the front tibia armed with two acute teeth.

cJ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is short and straight,
and the longer middle claw is hardly perceptibly cleft.

5 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long and curved,
and the longer claws of the front and middle feet distinctly cleft.
Lenqth, 10-12 mm,; breadth, 5-7 mm.

Fig. 19.
Popillia flavofasciata.

subsutural interval ;
intervals nearlv flat

POPILLIA. td

BuHM.v: Ruby Mines, 3(300-7500 ft. (W. Doherti/); Tonkix
(R. J'itdlis de iSaluaza, May).

T(/pe in M. Kene Obertluir's collection.

43. Popillia patkaina, sp. nov.

Testaceous, entirely suffused with a golden-green lustre, and
with the forehead, an elongate median patch u[)on the pronotum,
the pygidium, lower surface, the lower part of the hind tibia and
the tarsi dark green or coppery.

It is short and broad, with very stout legs, and rather densely
clothed with greyish hair beneath. The clypeus is broad and
densely rugose, the forehead rugosely and the vertex hnnly
punctured. The pronotuui is very finely and sparsely punctured,
but a little more strongly near the front angles; the sides are
angulated before the middle, scarcely rounded, with the front
angles acute and the hind angles nearly right angles. The scu-
tellum bears only a very few minute punctures, and the elytra
bear seven closely-set and deeply-punctured dorsal striae, \he
second disrupted at the base and the outer ones abbreviated
behind. The pygidium is very feebly rugulose and decorated with
two broad, nearly contiguous basal patches of white hairs and
longer scattered hairs in the apical part. The mesosternal process
is short, broadly compressed, and vei-y blunt and rounded in front.

c? . The front tibia is very broad and armed with two very
short sharp teeth ; the longer front claw is very unequally cleft
and the longer middle claw entire.

The 2 is unknown.

Length, 9 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Assam : Patkai Hiils (Doherti/).

Tyjye in the British Museum.

44. Popillia cupncollis.

PopiUia cuiiricollis, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Miscell. 1831, p. 23 ; Newm.,

Trans. Ent. Soc. Loud, iii, 1841, p. 42.
PopiUia formosa, Hope,* 1. c.'
Popillia smara(i(lula, Hope,* 1. c.

Popillia caschtnirensis, r{edt.,*Hiioers Kaschniir, iv, 2, 1848, p. 528.
PopiUia nitidicollis, Gory, Guerin's Icouogrrtphie, 1844, pi. 25, fig'. 2,
Popillia hilaris, Burin.,* Handb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855, p. 510.

Brilliant metallic crimson, less frequently golden green, with
the lower surface and femora usually deep green and the elytra
orange-red with a rosy metallic tinge.

The body is broad, very smooth and shining, with very stout
legs. The clypeus and forehead are densely rugose, the former
broadly rounded, and the vertex closely and deeply punctured.
The pronotum is rather closely punctui*ed, more strongly at the
front and sides, with the lateral margins angulated before the
middle, the front angles acute and the hind angles distinct but
obtuse. The scutellun) bears a few fine punctures, and the elytra
have each five deeply impressed and puin-tured dorsal stria\ the

74 JBUTELIN^.

feubsutural interval being very broad and bearing an irregular
double line of strong punctures, and the fourth interval bearing
a single row of separate punctures along the middle ; tliey are
not flanged at the sides. The pygidium is strongly and rugosely
punctured, except along the middle, and bears a dense patch of
yellowish hairs on each side at the base ; the femora and the
lower surface (except along the middle) are ratlier thickly clothed
with similar coarse hairs. The mesosternal process is blunt and
not verj' long.

J. The two teeth of the front tibia are short and sharp, and
the hind tibia is inflated at the base. Tlie pygidium is rather
convex and protuberant. The larger claw on all the feet is verylong,

2 . The legs are a little less robust, except the hind tarsi, which
are rather sliorter and thicker than in the male. The teeth of the
front tibia are moderately sharp, but longer than in tlie male.

Length, 11-13 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Punjab : Ivangra Valley, Simla (Aug.), Kulu, Kasauli {B. J.
Barrow, July) ; United Provinces : Mussoorie, 7500 ft. {H. M.
Lefroy,Aug.), Naini Tal,Kumaon, 6000.ft. {E. T. Atkinson); Nepal
{Maj.-Oen. Hardwicke — types); SiKKiM : Kurseong, 5000 ft,
(Annandale, Sept.), Soom, Darjiling District (Oaru)ichael Coll.);
Assam : Pedong (Besgodins).

Tijpes of Hope in the British Museum ; that of P. caschmirensis in
the Vienna Museum; that oiP.hilaris, Burm., in the Halle Museum.

This beautiful species is extremely abundant throughout the
Himalayan region from Kashmir to Sikkim. Although varying
comparatively little in coloration, it is subject to great variation
in size, in its relative proportions of length and breadth, and in
the puncturation of the pronotum. The type is a male. The
names formosa and smaragdula were given by Hope to female
specimens darkened in colour, perhaps by bad metiiods of preser-
vation, and the form caschmirensis is comparatively small and
narrow in shape.

45. Popillia macclellandi.

Popillia macclellandi, Hope,* Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iv, 1845, p. 8.

Deep purplish crimsou, metallic, with the elytra orange, suffused
with a faint rosy metallic lustre, the lower surface and femora
sometimes very deep metallic green.

Moderately elongate in shape, with very stout legs ; very smooth
and shining above and moderately clotlied beneath with grey hairs,
the pygidium beariiig two small basal patches of white hairs.

The form and sculpture generally are exactly as in P. cupricollis,
Hope, but the punctures at the sides of the pronotum are very
minute and inconspicuous, instead of being coarse and strong.

Length, 12-13-5 mm. ; breadtli, 7-8 mm.

Assam: Cherrapunji, 4400 ft. {S. W. Kemp, October), Naga
Hills (IF. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum.

POPILLIA,

This IS very closely related to Popillia mprlcolUs, of wliicb it is
the representative lartber east. Ix differs by tbe less vivid and
more purplish colour of tbe bead, protborax, scutellum and le^^s the
s.naller hair-patcl.es at the base of tbe pvgidiuin, and especially
tbe mucli hner puncturation of the sides of the pronotum The
males may also be distinguished by their differently shaped eedeao-i

F maccMlandi was stated by Hope to inhabit Chusan, \n
iiastern China, but, like Mimela downsi and other species described
at the same time, was evidently the subject of a mistake.

46. Popillia nottrotti.

Popillia nottrotti, Kraatz,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 273.

Golden or coppery green above and beneath, the elytra orange
with a strong metallic suffusion and generally with" their sid'es'
vaguely darkened.

The body is narrowly elongate and not very convex. The
cypeus IS densely granular and broadlv rounded in front, and
the forehead closely punctured. Tbe pronotum is finely punc-
tured all over, sparingly in the middle and very closely at the
sides ; the lateral margins are angulated at the middle and nearly
straight iroin there to the angles, of which the front ones are
very sharp and the hmd ones nearly right angles. The scutellum
bears a tew fine punctures, and the elytra bear a smooth elevated
sutura costa and a similar median dorsal one, the intervenino-
space beuig wide and irregularly punctured ; the space between
the dorsal costa and the shoulder bears three rows of closely
punctured stris, which are abbreviated behind ; tiie sides of the
elytra are without lateral flanges. The pygidium bears two basal
patches ot dense whitish hairs, the apical part being very shining
and almost unpunctured, and the sides of the sternum and abdomen
are densely clothed with coarse whitish hair. The mesosternum
forms a^compressed, broadly rounded, scarcely produced lamina.

+ ?u' S,? ^'''*^' ^'''' "'^''^ ^'''^''' ^"^ ^'>*^ ^''ont tibia bears two acute
teetti. ilie pygidium is very convex.

$ . The four anterior tarsi are slender, the hind pair thick, tbe
teeth ot the front tibia blunt, and the pygidium rather flat.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Bengal :J3urgu {Dr. Nottrott-ty^^e) ; Sikkim : Gopaldhara,
Euugbong Valley, 6300 ft. {H. Stevens).

Type in the Berlin Entomological Museum.

47. Popillia patricia, sp. nov. (Plate I, fig. 12.)

Brilliant golden green, with the legs, pygidium and lower surface
dark coppery green, and the elytra testaceous with a strong metallic
greeu_ suffusion and dark greenish-black lateral margins.

It IS oval in shape and very brilliant, with two large roundish
patches of pale hairs at the base of the pygidium, some erect
sca,ttered hairs near the extremity, and tbe sternum, femora and
al)dominai segments rather chjsely clothed. The clypeus is

70 EUTELIN^li:.

broadly rouiuled aud finely rus^ose, the forehead rugosely
punctured. The pronotum is finely punctured in the middle^
strongly and closely at the sides, the lateral miirgins are angulated
in the middle, nearly straight from there to the angles, of \\hich
the front ones are very acute and the hind slightly ohtuse. The
scutellum bears only a very few minute punctures, and the elyti'a
bear six very deeply iMi]nvssed and punrtured striae, the second a
little interrupted, "the fifth a little abbreviated behind, and the
fifth interval broad aud bearing an incomplete series of deep
punctures. The pygidium is irregularly and not deeply punc-
tured. The mesosternum is prominent heneath, but very blunt
and not produced. The legs are short and stout.

cJ. The teeth of the front tibia are short and very sharp.

5 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long, curved and
blunt.

LengiJi, 8"5-9*o mm. ; breadth, 4*5-5-5 mm.

Assam: Naga Hills {W . Doherty, June), Khasi Hills (Coh
Godwin- Austen ).

Tyjje in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. O. E. Janson's
collection.

This species is more elongate than P. sahquaJrata, the pro-
notum is much less transverse and less coarsely ])unctured, and the
pygidial tufts are not transverse.

48. Popillia siibquadrata.

Popillia subquadrata, Kraatz,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 2ri9.

Coppery green, golden green, or red, \\ith the elytra of the
same colour, or chestnut-red, with a metallic green lustre, and
with undefined dark margins. The clypeus, legs aud extremity
of the abdomen are usually of a deep red colour.

The body is short, rhomhoidal in shape and flattened above.
The clypeus is broad and semicircular, finely rugose, and the
forehead densely punctured. The pronotum is very coarsely and
closely punctured in front, and very sparingly punctured and
shining behind; it is short, broad and convex, with the sides
angulate in the middle, the front angles very acute and the hind
angles obtuse. The scutellum bears a few punctures, and each
elytron has a sutural and five deep dorsal striae, placed close
together and strongly and cojifluently punctured; the subsutural
interval is broad, and coarsely and irregularly punctured ; the
lateral margins are not flanged. The pygidium is coarsely and
rugosely punctured and bears two transverse patches of whitish
hairs at the base. The sides of the sternum and abdominal
segments are densely clothed with similar coarse hairs. The
mesosternum forms a broadly rounded, scarcely produced lamina.
S . The front tibia is broad, and its two teeth are sharp and
minute. The pygidium is convex, and smooth and shining at
the a])ex. The inner front claw is very broad and angulated
near the base, and the outer middle claw is entire.

POPILLIA. 77

2 . The terminal tooth of the frout tibia forms a long blunt
Jobe, aud the pygidium is scarcely convex and rugosely punctured
to the apex.

Length, 9-10 mm. : breadth, 5".5-6 mm.

i\ssAM : Naga Hills ( W. Doherty): Western Chika (type).

Type in the Berlin Entomological Museum.

49. Popillia. gemma.

Popillia gemma, Newm., Mag-. Nat. Hi.st. (2) iii, 1839, p. 3tJC ; Hope,
Trans. Liun. Soc. xiii, 1840, p. 596, pi. 40, fig. 4.

Popillia metallicollis, Fairm.,* Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg'. xwi. 1887,
p. 113 (n. syn.).

Deep metallic crimson, with the elytra and femora reddish
testaceous, the former having a large pale anterior patch
enclosing the scutellum and vaguely defined behind.

It is rather sliort and rliomboidal in shape and not very convex
above. The clypeus is sliort, broad and rugose, and the forehead
is strongly and closely punctured. The pronotum is very shining
and minutely punctured, except at the sides, which are moderately
coarsely punctured. The lateral margins are angulated before
the middle and nearly straight from there to the front and
hind angles, of which the frout ones are acute and the hind
well-marked, but slightly obtuse. The scutellum is minutely
punctured, and the elytra have each five deep punctured strife,
the second and fourth intervals being broad and each having
an irregular line of punctures along the middle; the external
margin is flattened behind the shoulder. The pvgidium is
decorated with a large transverse patch of decumbent pale
hairs at the base on each side, and the apical part is thinly clothed
with erect hairs. The mesosterual process is strong, broadly
•compressed and not sharp. The sides of the sternum and abdo-
men are clothed with coarse and moderately closelj'-set pale hairs.

S . The front tibia is broad, witii two short sharp teeth at the
end, the inner front claw is broad and deeply clett and tiie outer
middle one long and entire. The legs are stout and all the tarsi
rather short and thick.

$ . The four anterior legs are slender and the terminal tooth
of the front tibia long and cur\ed.

Lem/th, 9-11 mm. ; breadth, 5*5-tr5 mm.

Assam : Bhutan ; S.W. China : Yunnan.

Type not traced : that of P. metaUicuIJis in the Paris Museum.

This very greatly resembles P. cupricoUis, Hope, but seems to
he more constant. It is smaller and recognisable bv the lio-ht-
coloured area at the base of the elytra and the flange on each side.

50. Popillia amabilis.

Popillia amabilis, Arrow, Ann. Mag-. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913. p. 53.

Eich golden green, the elytra, front and middle legs and hind
femora pale yellow with a metallic green lustre, the lower

78 RUTELIN^.

surface, pygidium and hind tibiae generally reddish golden and
the hind tarsi dark brown.

It is elongate in shape, and not very convex above. The
pygidium bears two large patches of yellow setae extending almost
across it at the base but scarcely meeting in the middle, the apex
bears similar scattered setse, and the lower surface is i-ather
closely clotlied at the sides. The clypeus is very short and
rugose, the forehead strongly and densely punctured, and the
pronotum coarsely and densely punctured, except before the
scutellum, the punctures coalescing near the sides. The scu-
tellum bears only a very few punctures, and the elytra have
seven dorsal rows of strongly impressed and punctured lines,
the second line rather irregular and disrupted at the base ; the
sutural space is broad and tapers considerably at each end ; there
is a narrow but abrupt lateral flange at the external margin. The
pygidium is scantily punctured and shining along the middle.
The mesosternal process is strong, compressed, broad, and bluntly-
rounded at the end.

(5". The legs are stout, the front tibia armed with two short
sharp teeth near the end, the lower lobe of the inner front claw
angulated near the base and the longer claw of the middle foot
entire.

1 have not seen the female.

Length, 9-10 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Assam : Manipur, Naga Hills ( W. Doherty), Khasi Hills, 8hil-
long (Indian Mus.) ; Tonkin {R. Vitalts de Salvaza).

Type in the British Museum.

This is very close to P. difficilis, Newm., but in that species the
pronotum is much less strongly punctured and the lateral flanges
to the elvtra are absent.

51. Popillia impressipyga.

PopiUia i7tipressipi/(/(i, OhauP, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1897, p. 381.

Deep metallic green or golden green, with the elytra orange,
suffused with a faint metallic lustre.

The body is oval and depressed in shape. The clypeus is finely
rugose and the forehead densely punctured. The pronotum is
very smooth and shining, with extremely fine punctures, which
become more evident towards the sides and are strongest and
most numerous near the front angles ; the lateral margins are
obtusely angulate before the middle, nearly straight from there
to the angles, of which the front ones are acute and the hind
nearly right angles. The scutellum bears a few punctures an-
teriorly. The elytra bear six nearly similar rows of strongly
impressed and punctured dorsal stria) ; the subsutural interval is
broad and strongly and irregularly punctured in its anterior half,
the punctures being gradually reduced to a single series upon the
posterior half ; there is an abrupt and conspicuous lateral flange

POPILLIA. 7^

behind the shoulder of each elytron. The pygidium is extremely
smooth and shining, very minutely and scantily punctured, except
at the sides and apex, where the punctures are rather coarse •
there are also scanty grey hairs in the same parts and two patches
of decumbent han-s at the base. The sides of the sternum and
the posterior half of the sides of the abdominal segments are
raiher thickly clothed with coarse whitish hairs. The meso-
sternal process is short, blunt, and compressed.

cS . The two teeth of the front tibia are acute, and the pygidiinn

IS very prominent and feebly longitudinally impressed at the apex

$ . The apical tooth of the front tibia is long and blunt, and

the pygiduim is deeply excavated at the apex, the cavity being

smooth and shining.

Length, 11-12 mm.; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Assam: Shillong {F. W. Champion), Kliasi Hills, Cherrapunii,
JNongpriang ( 7i. Warren, May); ^ikkim ftype).

Type in Dr. F. Ohaus' collection.

52. Popillia caerulea.

Popdlia cferulea, Boh., Eugen. Rasa, 1858, p. 55.

Blue-black or green-black, sometimes with the elytra entirely
black. There are scanty erect greyish hairs on the forehead and
a very few near the lateral margins of the pronotum, two rather
loose and inconspicuous patclies at the base of the pygidium
and a thicker clothing upon the legs and the sides of the body
beneath.

The body is rather globose, compact and convex. The head is
densely rugose and the clypeus broadly rounded. The pronotum
is coarsely and closely punctured, except in the posterior median
part, where the punctures are tine and scanty. The scutellum is
distinctly punctured. Each elytron bears h've rather broad and
coarsely punctured dorsal striae, with the subsutural interval
rather broad and smooth, except at the base, and there is a deep
fovea before the middle. The pygidium is convex and coarselr
punctured at the sides. The mesosternal process is broadly
compressed, blunt and very little produced. The middle of the
metasternum and abdomen are smooth. The front tibia is rather
strongly bidentate.

6 . the pygidium is very convex, and the front tarsus short
and thick, with a very broad iuner claw .

Lemjih, 9-12 mm. ; breadth, 5-7'5 mm.

Burma : Maymyo {H. L. Andrewes, May), Ruby Mines
{W . Dohertij) ; ^.Qui^k; Hainan; Formosa.

This is a common and widely-distributed Ciiinese species. I
have seen specimens from Formosa determined by Kraatz as.
FopilUa semicenea, Kr., but although superficially very like that
species, it is different, having a blunter and shorter sternal
process and less close and definite hair-patches on the pygidiinn.

80 IIUTELIN.E.

It is not im])ossible that Hutela Idsteroidea, G-yll. (8chouh., Syu.
Ins. i, 3, 1817, App. p. 66) is another name for the present
snecies, but 1 have seen no specimen with a pale patch upon the
elytra.

58. Popillia feae.

PopilliafecB, Kiaatz * Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 269.

Coppery, golden green, deep green or nearly black, with the
elytra yellow or orange, with narrow black margins, sometimes
dilated externally and posteriorly, sometimes leaving only an
oblique pale patch on each elytroji or covering them entirely.
In the phase with pale elytra the legs are sometimes also pale-
coloured with the exception ol the tarsi.

It is rather short and rhomboidal in shape, with very stout
legs. The head is finely rugose, with the clypeus short and
nearly straight in front. The pronotum is very convex and
shining, strongly punctured at the sides and very scantily
and feebly in the anterior middle part ; the sides are angulated
before the middle, the front angles acute and the hind angles
obtuse. The scutellum is rather strongly punctured. The elytra
bear five deeply impressed and strongly punctured dorsal striae,
the second and foiu'th intervals being broader than the rest, and
the second bearing a nearly complete row of punctures ; each
elvtron has a well-marked depression before the middle. The
pygidium is rather coarsely punctured and bears two basal patches
of white hairs. The sides of the sternum and abdominal segments
are also clothed with coarse whitish hairs, which cover only the
posterior half of the latter. The mesosternal process is moderately
long, and very broad and blunt.

J . The front tibia is broad and armed with two short and
sharp teeth placed close together.

$ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long and blunt.

Length, 9-10 mm.; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Nepal; Sikkim : Mungpliu {E. T. Atkinson), (^opaldhara,
Euugbong Yalley, 6300 ft. {H. Stevens); Assam: Siidiya (1^.
Dohert)/), Sylhet ; Burma : Karen Hills, 2700-3300 ft. (L. Feci,
Dec. — type), Huby Mines ( W. Doherty), Shan States (Ool. Man-
ders), Mergui ( W. Doherty) ; Siam ; Malacca.

Ty2:>e in the Genoa Museum.

54. Popillia pulchripes. (Plate IV, fig. 19.)

Popillia pulchrijKS, Arrow, Aim. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913,

p. 48.
Popillia complanata, var. viridipennis, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits.

1892, p. 263.
Popillia complanata, var. testaceipes, Ohaus, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1897,

p. 345.

Uniform metallic green, blue or coppei-y above and beneath,
with^^the exti-eme lateral edge of the prothorax and the legs

POPILLIA.

81

bright orange, except the hind tarsi and the extremity of the

hind tibite, which are ahuost black. The extremity of the

abdomen is often orange also.

Rather elongate-oval in shape, very smooth and shining, with a
scanty fringe of greyish hairs at the
sides of the pronotura, a small but com-
pact tuft on each side of the base of the
pygidium, and a thin clothing at the sides
of the body beneath. The clypeus is
rugosely, and the forehead closely punc-
tured, the pronotum very finely and
scantily, except near the sides, and the
scutellum is almost smooth. The elytra
have each a deep transverse impression
behind the scutellum and five strongly
impressed and punctured striae, and the
intervals are convex, the second not
much wider than the third and bearing
only a few punctures. The pygidium is
coarsely transversely punctured and the

mesosternal process is compressed, strongly curved and not very

blunt.

6 . The front tibia is armed with two short sharp teeth,

the lower lobe of the inner front claw is not angulated and

the longer claw of the middle foot is not clel't.
Length, 10-12 mm.; breadth, 6-7 mm.
Madras : Nilgiri Hills {F. H. L. Awlrewes and 8ir G.

Hampson).

Type, in the British Museum.

Fig. 20.— PopiUia
pulchripes, male.

55. PopiUia lucida. (Plate IV, fig. 18.)

Popillia lucida, Newm.,* Mag. Nat. Hist. (2j ii, 1838, p. 377;
id., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iii, 1841, p. 41.

Black, or dark blue, green, or coppery black, with the elytra
brick-red, or black, or red with the sutural region vaguely dark,
and non-metallic. In the female there is sometimes a small
vaguely red patch at each lateral border of the pronotum. The
antennae are also usually red.

The body is shortly oval and moderately convex. It is very
shining and clothed beneath witli long white hairs, which are not
at all closely packed and which also form a narrow border on each
side ol' the pronotum, and a pair of small outstanding spots at the
base of the pygidium. The clypeus is rugose, short and transverse,
and the forehead is densely punctured. The pronotum is finely
punctured, a little more strongly at the sides, and the scutellum
bears a few punctures. The elytra have each a not very deep
impression behind the scutellum and five deep punctured dorsal
striae, the intervals of which are convex, the subsutural one being
little wider than the next and scarcely punctured. The pygidium

82 • EUTELIN^.

is rather coarsely transversely striolated, and the mesosterna
process is curved and sharply acuminate.

cf . The body is rather short, the pygidium shining and more
scantily punctured than in the female, the teeth of the front tibia
are short and sharp, the lower lobe of the inner front clavp scarcely
angulate at the base and the longer claw of the middle foot
entire.

5 , The body is larger and more elongate and convex. The
apical tooth of the front tibia is long, curved and blunt.

Length, 8"5-10 mm. ; breadth, 4-5-6 mm,

Madras : JSTiiyiri Hills {Sir G. F. Hampson and H. L. Andrewes).

Type in the Oxford Museum.

56. Popillia chlorion.

PopilUa ehlorivn, Newm.,* Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) ii, 1838, p. 337;

id., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iii, 1841, p. 39; Burin., Handb, Ent.

iv, 1, 1844, p. 298.
Popillia perrotteti, Kraatz,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 244 (n. syn.).

Dark metallic green, blue-black, or coppery, occasionally with
the lateral parts of the elytra becoming dark blood-red.

The shape is broadly and compactly globose. The lateral groove*
of the pronotum bear yellowish hairs or setae, the pygidium
has two basal tufts of outstanding hairs, and the sides of the
sternum and abdomen are clothed with similar but rattier long
outstanding hairs. The clypeus is moderately large, broadly
rounded and finely rugose, the forehead more coarsely rugose
and the vertex strongly punctured. The pronotum is very
convex, smooth and shining, with fine scattered punctures at
the sides ; the lateral edges are feebly angulated before the
middle and nearly straight from there to the front and hind
angles, of which the former are acute and the latter well-marked
but slightly obtuse ; the base is entirely devoid of a marginal
stria. The scutellum is finely punctured. The elytra are irre-
gularly corrugated, making the striae rather indistinct, and each
has a large deep transverse impression before the middle. There
are five dorsal striae upon each elytron, and the subsutural
interval is very broad and coarsely and irregularly punctured.
The pygidium is finely and scantily punctured in the middle,
and rugosely at the sides. The mesosterna] process is rather
long, slender and curved. The legs are moderately slender.

S . The two teeth of the front tibia are short and sharp, and
the front tarsus slightly thickened.

2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long.

Length, 10-12 mm.; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Madras : Nilgiri Hills {H. L. Andrewes), Utakamand (C A^
Barber),

Type in the Oxford Museum ; that of P. perrotteti in the Berlin
Entomological Museum.

P. perrotteti was described as inhabiting Cochin-China, probably
by confusion of that pi'ovince with Cochin in Travancore.

POPILLIA. 3^

57. Popillia laevis.

TopiUia Icevis, Burm.,* Ilandb. Eut. iv, 2, 1855^ p. 511.

Entirely deep metallic green above aud beueath, aud very smooth
and tihining below.

It is shortly oval in shape ; the clypeus is rather small, rounded
and rugose, with the margin strongly reflexed, the forehead
rugosely punctured and the vertex thinly but deeply punctured
The pronotum is very smooth, with a few minute punctures
esi)ecially near the front and sides, and a thin fringe of white
hairs at each side. The scutellum bears a few scattered punctures
and Its apex is not distinctly angular. The elytra have each
a shallow depression before the middle and five rather feebly
impressed and punctured dorsal striae ; the first, third and fifth
intervals are rather convex, and the second broad and minutely
punctured along the middle of the anterior half. The pygidium
IS coarsely transversely strigose and bears a very minute tuft of
white hairs on each side of the base and some similar scattered
hairs towards the apex. The mesosternal process is moderately
long, blunt and compressed, and the sides of the sternum and
abdomen are clothed with long but not very thick hair.

6 . The front tibia is very broad and armed with two very
short and sharp teeth, and the inner front claw alone is cleft.

$ unknown.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 6 mm.

S. India : Travancore.

Type in the Geneva Universitv Museum.

The locality "Tibet," given 'by Burmeister, appears to be
wrong, the present group of species (with fringed sides to the
pronotum) being almost confined to southern India.

58. Popillia clara.

Popillia dura, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913, p. 49.
Bright metallic green or fiery red above and beneath, or witb
the upper surface, or the elytra only, fiery red; very smooth and
shining.

The body is compactly ovate and moderately convex The
clypeus IS rugose, short, with its front edge almost straight, and
the forehead is closely punctured. The pronotum is very smooth
and sinning, with a few fine punctures near the front and sides
and the lateral grooves are deep and contain a very few incon'
spicuous whitish hairs. The scutellum is almost unpuuctured and
scarcely angulated at the apex. The elytra have each a distinct
transverse impression before the middle and five lightly impressed
and punctured dorsal striae, the 1st, 3rd and oth intervals beine
sightly convex, and the 2nd broad and irregularly punctured
along the middle. The pygidium is transversely strigose and
bears a very minute tuft of outstanding whitish hairs on each
side ot the base and some scattered hairs towards the apex. The

g2

84 RUTELIN^.

mesosternal process is moderately long, compressed, blunt and
nearly straight. The sides of the sternum and abdomen are
clothed with long but not close hair.

c? . The front tibia is very broad and armed with two short but
sharp teeth, the lower lobe of the inner front claw is angulated
near the base and the outer middle claw is cleft at the tip. The
pygidium is smoother, shorter and more inclined than in the
female and slightly protuberant at the extremity.

2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long, curved and
blunt.

Length, 9-12 mm. ; breadth, 5'5-7 mm.

Madras : Nilgiri Hills (H. L. Andrewes), Pondicherry.

Type in the British Museum.

Mr. Andrewes took this species in considerable numbers. It
has the closest resemblance to P. Icevis, Burm., but the latter has
the outer middle claw entire in the male.

59. Popillia eximia. (Plate IV, fig. 22.)

Popillia eximia, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913, p. 49.

Bright green above and coppery beneath, with a close but
narrow margin of white setae on each side of the pronotum and a
small compact patch on each side of the pygidium.

It is oval and moderately convex in shape and very smooth and
shining above. The clypeus is rugose, the forehead densely
punctured and the pronotum finely and scantily punctured at
the front and sides. The scutellum is almost unpunctured,
broad and rounded at the apex. The elytra have each a very
large and deep impression behind the scutellum and five deep
dorsal striae, which are distinctly punctured ; the subsutural
interval is scarcely wider than the next and almost unpunctured.
The pygidium is coarsely transversely punctured, and the meso-
sternal process is moderately long, compressed, curved and pointed.

S . The two teeth of the front tibia are minute and sharp, the
lower lobe of the inner front claw is not angulated nor very wide,
and the longer claw of the middle feet is simple.

Length, 11*5 mm. ; breadth, 7 ram.

Madras : Nilgiri Hills (Sir G. F. Hampson).

Type (a single 6 specimen) in the British Museum.

60. Popillia adamas. (Plate IV, fig. 24.)

Popillia adamas, Newm.,* Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) ii, 1838, p. 337 ; id.,
Trans. Ent. Soc. Loud, iii, 1841, p. 40 ; Bin m., Handb. Ent. iv,
i, 1844, p. 298.

Deep blue-black, shining but not metallic, with a conspicuous
fringe of white setae on each side of the pronotum and a larger
round spot of similar setae on each side of the base of the pygidium.
The sides of the body beneath are clothed with rather long but
not close whitish hairs.

It is rather elongate-oval in shape. The clypeus is densely

POPILLIA. 85

rugose, the forehead closely punctured and the prouotuni finely
and rather evenly punctured over the greater part of its surface,
more strongly at tlie sides. The scutellum is distinctly punctured,
and each elytron has a deep impression behind the scutellain and
five strongly impressed and punctured striae, the subsutural
interval being very broad and coarsely punctured in its anterior
part. The pygidium is coarsely and deeply transversely strigose.
The niesosternal process is moderately long and strongly com-
pressed, curved and slightly acuminate at the end.

d" . The front tibia is armed with two very skort and sharp
teeth, and the longer claw of the middle feet is entire. The
pygidiiim is rather protuberant at the end.

Length, 10-11 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Bengal: Mandar (P. Cordon, July); Bombay: Bandra (iV. 5.
Kinnear, Aug.), Khandala {Gctpt. Downes), Khandesh.

Type in the Oxford University Museum; co-type in the British
Museum.

61. Popillia discalis. (Plate IV, fig. 21.)

Pojnllia discalis, Walker,* Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) iii, 1859, p. 55.
Popillia alhilatera, Motch., Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. ii, 1863, p. 470.
Popillia liietneri, liedt.,* Reise No vara. Col. 1867, p. 72.
Popillia coinplatiata, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 263 ;
Ohaus, Ent. Nachr. 1899, p. 220.

Deep metallic green, blue, coppery or black, usually with the
clypeus, the lateral margins of the pronotum, the elytra (wholly
or partly), the posterior part of the pygidium and the abdomen,
the femora and tibiae, or some of these, orange-yellow.

It is a short and compact insect, smooth and shining, with a
conspicuous clothing of whitish hairs near the lateral margins of
the pronotum and in the front angles. The pygidium has two
large compact basal patches of similar hairs and a few scattered
apical ones, and the lower surface is moderately closely covei-ed
with hairs except along the middle line. The clypeus is broadly
rounded and densely rugose, and the forehead is closely punctured.
The pronotum is thinly and minutely punctured, except at the
base, the puncturation becoming stronger in the front angle. The
scutellum has a few punctures at the base, and tlie elytra have
each a very slight transverse depression behind the scutellum and
five rather deep entire punctured dorsal striae, the intervals
between which are scarcely convex, the subsutural one broad, with
an irregular row of punctures along the middle. The pygidium
bears rather coarse transverse punctures. The mesosternum is
produced into a moderately long, compressed, broad blunt process.
The legs are short and stout.

c? . The sides of the pronotum are slightly sinuated before the
hind angles, which are sharply rectangular. The front tibia is
armed with two short sharp teeth, the broad lower lobe of the
inner front claw is obtusely angulated near the base, and the
longer claw of the middle feet is not cleft.

"86 RUTELIN^,

5 . The pronotum is more convex and rounded, and its hind
angles are obtuse. The front tibia has a long curved apical tooth
and a minute upper one.

Lenrjth, 9-10*5 mm.; breadth, 5-5-7 nun,

Ceylon : Maskeliya {E. E. Green, May), Dikoya, 3800-4200 ft.
((?. Lexvis, Dec, Jan.), Diyatalawa {E. E. Green, Sept.), Lindula
(H. B. Wyse), Haldumulla {Col. J. W. Yerhurij, June), Colombo
{H. P. Green, Nov.), Hambantota {U. P. G., Sept.).

Ty}}^ in the British Museum ; that of P. nietneri in the Vienna
Museum.

This species is an exceedingly variable one in colour, that of
the elytra especially varying from yellow to violet-black by the
appearance of a dark marginal band which gradually extends
until only a central yellow spot is left upon each elytron, which
may finally disappear. The clypeus, the sides of the pronotum, '
the* pygidium and the legs may similarly be light or dark. Many
names have been given to different phases in this sequence of
•changes, and many more might be given if such names had any
value, which is doubtful. There seems indeed to be no logical
stopping-place until a name has been given to every individual.

The following names have been published by Kraatz (Deutsche
Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 263) and Ohaus(Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1897, p. 345
&iEnt. Nachr. 1899, p. 220):—

Var. lateralis, Kr. Clypeus, sides of pronotum, elytra,

pygidium and legs pale.
Yar. viridipes, Kr. Legs metallic green.
Var. semilimbata, Oh. Elytra with a fine dark margin

behind.
Var. humeralis. Oh. Elytra with posterior margin and

humeral dark spot.
Var. limbata, Oh. Dark margins nearly complete.
Var. aticta, Oh. Dark marginal line broader.
(Var. diffusa, Oh.) = typical discalis, AValker. Dark margin

very broad.
A^ar. stoiata. Oh. Yellow pigment reduced to a longitudinal

stripe.
Var. nncrophthalmica. Oh. Yellow pigment reduced to a

small central spot.
Var. apicalis. Oh. Yellow pigment remaining only near the

hind angle.
A^iir. nigripennis, Oh. Elytra entirely black.
Var. violaceipennis, Oh. JElytra entirely blue-black.
Var. suturalis, Oh. Elytra entirely black, with the sutural

edges green.
Var. viridula, Kr. Entirely green, with pale legs.
Var. viridissima, Oh. Body and legs green.

Popillia discalis destroys the blossoms and young leaves of
roses in Ceylon, according to Mr. E. E. Green.

POPILLIA. 87

62. Popillia propinqua. (Plate IV, fig. 25.)

Popillia propinqua, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913,
p. 47.

Deep metallic green or coppery above and beneath, with the
elytra alone testaceous.

Shortly ovate and very shining above. The clypeus and fore-
head are densely rugose and the vertex strongly punctured. The
prouotum is very shining, minutely punctured at the front and
sides, with a close fringe of white setae on each side. The
scutellum is almost smooth. The elyti'a have each a distinct
transverse impression before the middle and five punctured dorsal
striae, the subsutural interval being broad and bearing a row of
strong punctures anteriorly. The pygidium is coarsely punctured
and has two large round setose patches at the base and numerous
scattered setae towards the apex. The mesosternal process is
strongly curved and sharply pointed.

6 . The inner front claw is broad, but scarcely angulated, and
the outer claw of the middle tarsus is entire.

Length, 8*5-10 mm.; breadth, 5-6-5 mm.

Maubas : Travancore {Mrs. G. S. Imray).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. H. E. Andrevves'
collection.

This has the closest resemblance to P. discalis and P. complanata,
but, with the exception of the elytra, it is uniformly dark in
colour, the legs, clypeus and sides of the pronotum being appar-
ently always without the pale colouring which usually tinges
them in the other two species. The foveas before the middle of
the elytra are deeper, and the mesosternal process is more pointed.
The male is immediately distinguishable from that of P. complanata
by the fact that the outer claw of the middle tarsus is not cleft.

63. Popillia complanata. (Plate IV, fig. 23.)

Popillia complanata, Newm.,* Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) ii, 1838, p. 337 ;
id., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iii, 1841, p. 40; Arrow, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913, p. 46.

Deep metallic greeu or coppery red, with the elytra testaceous,
and the clypeus, lateral margms of the prothorax, femora, tibiae
and extremity of the abdomen reddish.

It is rather broadly ovate in shape and very smooth and shining.
The lateral margins of the pronotum are rather broadly bordered
with white setae, and the pygidium bears two roundish patches of
similar setae at the base and rather numerous scattered setae on
its posterior part. The sides of the body beneath are moderately
well clothed with similar setae. The clypeus is densely rugose,
the forehead closely punctured, the pronotum minutely punctured
in front, more strongly in the front angles. The scutellum bears
a few punctures, and the elytra have each a feeble impression
behind the scutellum and five strongly impressed and punctured

88 RUTELIN.i:.

dorsal striae ; the subsutural interval is broad and bears a row of
strong punctures along the middle. The pygidium is rather
coarsely and closely rugose. The mesosternal process is strongly
compressed and curved and rather sharp at the extremity.

d . The two teeth of the front tibia are very short and sharp,
and the longer claw of the middle foot is cleft at the tip.

Length, 8"5-ll mm.; bi'eadth, 4*5-7 mm.

Madras: Nilgiri Hills, Nadgani, 2500 ft. {H. L. Andretves,
April), Malabar, Mahe (3Iaindron) ; Bombay: N. Kanara (2\ R.
D. Bell).

Type in the Oxford Museum.

This has a very close resemblance to P. discalis, Walk., with
which it has long been supposed to be identical. The males can
be easily distinguished by the important difference in the longer
claw of the middle foot, which is cleft in P. complanata and
simple in P. discalis. The females are less readily separated, but
the pygidium is much more deeply and closely sculptured in
P. comjjlanata and the thoracic border of white hairs is broader.
The mesosternal process is more sharply pointed in both sexes of
this species.

64. Popillia schizonycha. (Plate IV, fig. 20.)

Popillia schizonycha, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 1913,
p. 50.

Deep green, golden green or coppery, with the elytra generally
darker green or blue-black, but sometimes reddish with a metallic
green suffusion and the sides more or less dark. The clypeus,
legs and extremity of the abdomen are sometimes also of a deep
red colour.

It is a broad and massive insect, smooth and shining, and
moderately convex above. The sides of the pronotum are con-
spicuously bordered with white hairs, tlie pygidium bears a pair
of large round hair-patches at the base, and the lower surface is
rather thickly clothed at the sides with similar white hairs. The
clypeus is rugosely punctured, the forehead densely, and the
scutellum and front and sides of the pronotum very finely and
sparsely. The elytra have each a deep fovea behind the scutellum
and five deeply impressed and punctured dorsal striae ; the sub-
sutural interval is broad and has an irregular line of large punctures
along the middle. The pygidium is coarsely transversely striolated
and the mesosternal process is strongly compressed at the
extremity.

6 . The two teeth of the front tibia are shart and sharp, the
inner front claw has a broad angulated lower lobe, and the outer
middle claw is cleft at the tip.

Length, ll-]2*5 mm.; breadth, 6-5-7'5 mm.

Madras : Nilgiri Hills (//. L. Andretves), Bangalore.

Type in the British Museum.

POPILLIA. 89

65. Popillia sulcata.

Popillia sulcata, Redt.,* Hiigel's Kaschmir, iv, 2, 1848, p. 527.
Fopillia scutellaris, Blanch. * Cat. Coll, Ent. Mus. Paris, 18.51 (1850),
p. 199.

Shining black or blue-black beneath, and coppery, deep metallic
green or blue-black above, the elytra being orange or reddish,
sometimes with a slight metallic suffusion, with the lateral margins
black. The head, pronotum, legs and sides of the body beneath
are clothed with rather long, erect, but; not closely-set yellowish
hairs.

The body is oval and compact, without prominent shoulders,
the greatest width being behind them. The clypeus is broadly
rounded and rugose, and tlie forehead very coarsely and closely
punctured. The pronotum is rugosely punctured, except in the
posterior part, where it is strongly but not densely punctured ; it
is very convex and the sides are strongly rounded, with the front
angles not sharp, and the hind angles almost obsolete. The
scutellum is rather strongly punctured. Each elytron bears six
deep and strongly punctured striae (the second abbreviated behind)
and a rather deep but not large pit before the middle. The
pygidium is closely and rugosely punctured, with scattered hairs to-
wards the apex, but without basal hairy patches. The mesosternal
process forms a vertical lamina, which is only very slightly
produced.

S . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is very short and
sharp, and the inner front claw strongly dilated.

5 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long, blunt and
strongly curved.

Lengthy 8'5-9 mm. ; breadth, o-5"5 mm.

Kashmir (type) ; United Peotinces : Mussoorie, 7500 ft. {H.
Maxwell Lefroy, Aug.), Landour.

Type in the Vienna Museum ; that of P. scutellaris in the Paris
Museum.

66. Popillia simlana.

Popillia simkma, Arrow, Anu. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8 1 xii, 1913, p. 52.

Golden or coppery green, with the legs and lower surface dark
coppery, the elytra testaceous with a metallic sutfusion, and the
extreme lateral margins coppery black.

The body is ovate and a little depressed. The clypeus is con-
fluently punctured, broad, with the front margin nearly straight
and strongly reflexed. The forehead is rugosely punctured and
thinly clothed with erect yellow hairs. The pronotum is very
strongly punctured, the punctures becoming confluent near the
lateral margins, which are scarcely curved, angulated near the
middle, with the front angles acute and the hind angles obtuse;
the whole surface is thinly clothed with erect yellowish hairs.
The scutellum bears only a few fine punctures, and the elytra

90 BUTELIN^.

have each five complete punctured dorsal striae, the 2nd interval
very wide and bearing many large irregular punctures, and the
4th having a few punctures which i'orm an imperfect row along
the middle. The pygidium bears coarse and not close transverse
striolse and is decorated at the base with two tufts of greyish
hairs. The lower surface and legs are similarly clothed with long
but not close grey hairs, except at the middle of the abdomen.
The mesosternal process is vertical in front and not produced
beyond the front coxae.

6 . The inner front claw has the lower lobe very broad, the
front tibia is armed with two short and sharp teeth, and the hind
tarsi are rather longer and more slender than in the female.

Length, 8-9 mm. ; breadth, 4-5 mm.

Punjab : Simla, 7000 ft. (H. Chippendale, June) ; Nepal :
Khatmandu {Col. Manners Smith, June).

Type in the British Museum.

This species exactly resembles P. pilosa, but is easily distin-
guished by the broad reflexed clypeus. The elytral sculpture is
also slightly different.

67. Popillia pilosa.

Popillia pilosa, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 191-3, p. 51.

Golden or coppery green, with the lower surface and legs
darker coppei'y green, the elytra testaceous with a metallic sheen
and with their outer edges coppery black.

The body is ovate and a little depressed. The clypeus is rugose
and short, with the front margin feebly rounded and slightly
reflexed. The forehead is rugosely punctured and clothed with
long erect yellow hairs, and the vertex strongly and distinctly
punctured. The pronotum bears coarse punctures, which become
confluent near the sides, and is clothed with long but not close
yellow hairs ; the lateral margins are scarcely curved, angulated
before the middle, with the front and hind angles sharp, the
former produced, the latter right angles. The scutellum bears a
few unequal punctures, and each elytron bears seven nearly equi-
distant dorsal punctured striae, the 2nd and 5th less impressed
than the rest and abbreviated behind. There is no abrupt lateral
flange. The pygidium is punctured and bears two basal tufts of
yellow hairs. The lower surface is clothed, except along the
middle line of the abdomen, with long yellowish hairs, and the
mesosternal process is short and vertical in front.

c? . The inner front claw has the lower lobe very broad and
ungulate near the base, the two teeth of the front tibia are short
and sharp, and the hind tarsi are rather longer and more slender
than those of the female.

Length, 7'5-8'5 mm. ; breadth, 4*5 mm.

United Peovinoes : Dehra Dun, Kumaon, Almora, Lansdowne,
Oarhwal {A. O. Lyell, June), Eauikhet {H. O. Champion).

Type in the British Museum.

POPILLIA. 91

68. Popillia minuta.

Popillia minuta, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Misc. 1831, p. 23.

Deep metallic green, ratlier darker beneath, with the elytra
testaceous, uarrowly margined with black.

It is small, short and compact. The clypeus is short and
rugose, with the front margin feebly rounded and reflexed. The
forehead is similarly rugose and clothed with rather long, not
thick, erect grey hairs, and the vertex is rather strongly and
closely punctured. The pronotum is nearly twice as wide as it is
long, very closely and coarsely rugose, except in the posterior
part, and clothed, not very thickly, with erect grey hairs ; the sides
are angulated before the middle and nearly straight from there to
the angles, which are sharp, the front ones acute, the hind obtuse.
The scutellum is coarsely punctured, and each elytron bears hve
deep punctured dorsal striae ; the second and fourth intervals are
very little wider than the others and bear only a very few
scattered punctures. The pygidium is rather coarsely punctured
aud decorated with a patch of rather long whitish hairs on each
side of the base and similar but longer scattered hairs at the sides.
The mesosternum forms a very slightly produced broad lamina
between the coxae, and the body is clothed beneath with long and
moderately tliick grey hair.

(S . The club of the antenna is very long, tlie inner front claw
is deeply cleft and its inner lobe very broad, and the teeth of the
front tibia are very sharp.

Length, 6"5 mm. ; breadth, 4 mm.

Nepal.

Type in the British Museum.

The unique type is not in very good condition,

69. Popillia pilicoUis.

Popillia pilicoUis, Kraatz,* Deutsche Eut. Zeits. 1892, p. 278.

Coppery gi'een, often varying from bright green to fiery red in
different parts, the elytra orange, with narrow black margins and
tinged with metallic green.

The body is rather long and narrow, and not very convex
above. The clypeus is broadly rounded, and, with the forehead,
densely granularly rugose and closely clothed with erect greyish
setse. The pronotum is rugosely punctured and entii-ely clothed
with similar setae, except upon a narrow longitudinal median carina,
which is smooth and shining and reaches the base, but not the
front margin; the lateral margins are angulated before the middle
and almost straight from there to the angles, of which the front
are very acute and the hind obtuse. The scutellum beai's a few
strong punctures, and the elytra have six regular dorsal rows of
deeply punctured lines, the intervals being narrow, except the
subsutural one, which is very broad and strongly and irregularly
punctured ; the sides are regularly contracted towards the

92 EUTELIN^.

extremity and without abrupt flanges. The pygidium is I'ather
flat and coarsely punctured. The metasternum and abdomen are
verv shining in the middle, and the mesosternal process is nearly
vertical in front.

c$ . The front tibia is broad, and the two teeth are very short
and sharp.

5 . The front tibia is slender, with a long terminal tooth.

Length, 8-9 mm. ; breadth, 4-5 mm.

SiKKiM : Gopaldhara, Eungbong Valley, 6300 it. {R. Stevens),
Kurseong, 5000 ft. (N. Annandale, May), Mungphu {E. T.
Atlcinson) ; Nepal : Khatmandu (Ind. Mus.) ; Assam : Pedong
i^Desgodins).

Type in the Berlin Entomological Museum.

I have found by an examination of the type in the Paris
Museum that Popillia dichroa, Blanch., attributed to the "Indes
Orientales," is the Chinese P. castanoptera, Hope. It is thex'efore
omitted here. Burmeister recorded it from Assam, but he seems
to have associated specimens of several species under the name.

P. sandy X of the Munich Catalogue seems to have no real
existence.

Genus CALLISTOPOPILLIA.

Popillia, subg. CallistopopiUia, Ohaus, Deutsche Eut. Zeits. 1903^
p. 219.

Type, Anomala iris, Cand.

Range. N. India, W. China.

Body moderately broad and not very convex, Clypeus rather
large, nearly semicircular, with the suture deeply impressed.
Prothorax strongly narrowed to the front, with all the angles
sharp and the base gently excised before the scutellum. Scutellum
broad and equilateral, with the apex blunt. Sides of elytra
gently impressed behind the shoulders. Pygidium with a few
inconspicuous erect hairs at the sides. Mesosteimum prominent
between the middle coxae. Hind coxse with long and acute back-
wardly produced processes internally. One claw of the middle
and hind tarsi cleft. Front tibia bidentate

(S . Terminal tooth of the front tibia short and sharp. Lower
lobe of the inner front claw strongly dilated.

5 . Terminal tooth of the front tibia long, curved and blunt.
Sides of the elytra dilated behind the shoulders.

Key to the Species.

Mesosternum forming a horizontal process iris, Cand.

Mesosternum vertical in front lurida, sp. n.

CALLTSTOPOPILHA. 93

70. Callistopopillia iris.

Anomala iris, Candeze,* Col. Hefte, v, 1869, p. 43.

Bright metallic green above and beneath, with the sides of the
elytra (but not the extreme edges) golden and in part fiery-red,
the tarsi blue-black.

The whole surface is extremely glossy and shining, with scanty
hairs beneath and upon the pygidiuin. The form is ovate (rather
broadly ni the female) and not very convex.
The clypeus is broadly rounded and coarselv
and rugosely punctured, with the suture
deeply impressed. The forehead is finely
and closely punctured. The pronotum has
a few minute scattered punctures at the
sides ; the lateral margins are strongly
bisinuated, sharply convergent in front,
and all the angles acute. The basal margin
is very gently excised in the middle and
more strongly on each side. The scu-
telliim is nearly equilateral, with the sides
Fig. 21.— Callisto. curved and the apex blunt. The elytra

popilhains,m^\e. ^re lightly striolated, with obsolescent

punctures in the strife and the intervals
smooth. The pygidium is smooth in the middle, rugosely punc-
tured and scantily hairy at the sides, and bearing a few long
hairs just before the apex. The mesosternum is produced
forward into a strong, nearly straight, compressed process, blunt
at the end. The metasternuin is smooth in the middle, coarsely
rugose at the sides, and the abdomen is almost smooth.
Length, 9-12-5 mm. ; breadth, 6-5-8 mm.

SiKKiM : Kurseong (Bretandeau), Mungphu (E. T. Atkinson) ;
Kashmir: Ladak (StoUczka) ; Tibet: Tatong, 10,500 ft. (A.
E, Hohson).

Type in the Brussels Museum.

71. Callistopopillia lurida, sp. nov.

Steely bluish or greenish black, with the scutellum, elytra
(except at the edges), the femora and parts of the tibia, and the
lower surface of the body lurid coppery-red.

It is oval in shape and very smooth and shining above, with
the lower surface, legs and posterior part of the pygidium clothed
with rather long greyish hair. The head is "densely rugose,
except upon the vertex, which is almost smooth. The clypeus is
broadly semicircular. The pronotum bears only a few* minute
scattered punctures; the sides are angulated in the middle
nearly straight in front of the angulation, slightly concave
behind, with the front angles blunt but a little produced, the
hind angles acute and the base very feebly excised before the
scutellum. The scutellum is scarcely punctured, very short and
rounded at the apex. The elytra exhibit feebly impressed lines

94 butblinjE.

of minute, almost obsolete, punctures, which become irregular-
grooves upon the posterior part. The pygidium is smooth in the
middle and bears coarse irregular punctures at the sides. The
mesosternum forms a quadrate lamina nearly vertical in front.

<5 . The front tibia is broad and armed with a sharp terminal
tooth and an obtuse upper one. The front tarsus is very short,
the claw-joint very large and the inner claw very broad.

Length, 10-13 mm.; breadth, 5*5-7 mm.

N. India.

This was taken long ago by Capt. Boys, but the exact locality
is not recorded.

Types ( (S and $ ) in the British Museum ; co-type in the Oxford
University Museum.

Genus MACROPOPILLIA.

Mac7-opop{llia, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1905, p. 94.
Type, Macropopillia arroivi, Ohaus.

Range. South India.

Body rather large, ovate and convex. Prothorax not margined
behind, the base abruptly emarginate before the scutellum, the
sides gently curved and all the angles fairly sharp, almost right
angles, the hind angles exactly meeting the humeral angles of the
elytra. Mesosternum produced into a strong, blunt curved process.
Legs not very long. Eront tibiae armed with two external teeth;
the inner claw of the front and outer claw of the middle tarsus
cleft in both sexes.

Macropopillia has almost the characters of Popillia, but differs
by its much larger size and its regular oval shape, with the
prothorax dilating to the hind angles and exactly fitted to the
elytra, the shoulders of which are therefore not prominent. The
pygidium has no hairy tufts.

Only a single species is known.

72. Macropopillia arrowi. (Plate I, fig. 8.)

Macropopillia arroivi, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1905, p. 94.

Orange above, with a metallic suffusion, and with two longi-
tudinal stripes on the forehead, two oblique patches upon the
pronotum, extending from the front to the hind margin and widest
a little before the base, where they are angulated internally, and
a small median spot on each side, dark green. The lower surface
and the pygidium are dark green, the latter having a broad longi-
tudinal median orange stripe, and the dorsal segments of the
abdomen are similarly banded from side to side. The femora and
tibiae are metallic red and the tarsi black.

The body is large, broadly ovate and convex. The clypeus is
broadly rounded and finely punctate-rugose, the forehead finely

MACROPOPILLTA. — TRICHANOMALA. 95

punctured. The pronotuin and scutellum are almost smooth,
with a few minute scattered punctures; the sides of the former
are gently curved, the hind angles almost right angles and the
base very gently but abruptly excised in the middle. The elytra
are rather evenly but shallowly striated, the striae containing fine,
partly confluent and rather irregular punctures. The pygidium
bears a few scattered punctures ; the metasternum is rugosely
punctured and very scantily hairy at the sides, and the abdomen
strongly but scantily punctured.

The extremity of the front tibia is pointed in the male and
very blunt and rounded in the female.

Length, 18-24 mm. ; breadth, 10-14 mm.

Madras : Utakaraand (Indian Mus.), Trichinopoli (Paris Mus.),
Palni Hills (June — Madras Museum), Kodaikanal {T. V. Campbell).

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collecLion.

TRICHANOMALA, gen. nov.
Type, Pojoillia Jimbriata, Newm.

Range. The Himalayan Region.

Small, ovate, depressed above. Clypeus small and rounded.
Pronotum not closely adapted to the elytra at the shoulders,.,
gently lobed and completely margined at the base, and having
a fringe of decumbent hairs all round the margin. Mesotlioracic
epimera ascending and interposed between the pronotum and
shoulders. Mesosternum not produced. Legs rather long, with
the front tibiae bidentate and the larger claw of the front and
middle feet cleft. The lower surface of the body and the
pygidium are thickly clothed with hairs.

The type of this genus is Popillia Jimhriata, Newm., and
a second species is Phyllopertha dentipennis., Fairm., which is very
similar, but besides the curious spinose terminations of the
elytra (common to both sexes), the pygidium is shining in the
male and rough in the female.

The genus has the characters of Anomala, but differs in the
ascending epimera (in which it resembles Popillia), the hairy
margins of the pronotum, etc.

73. Trich anomala fimbriata.

Popillia firnbriata, Newm.,* Trans. Ent. See. Lend, iii, 1841, p. 47.

The body is elongate-oval and rather depressed. The head is
coarsely but closely punctured, with the clypeus small, rounded
and moderately reflexed at the margin. The pronotum is strongly
and not very closely punctured, with the sides rounded and
narrowed to the front, the front angles very sharp, the hind
angles obtusely rounded and the base broadly lobed. The disc is
encircled by a row of white hairs lying flat, at right angles to the
margin, but becoming inconspicuous in the middle of the front
and hind margins. The scutellum is strongly punctured at the

96

EUTELIN.E.

sides, each puncture bearing a white seta, but is smooth along
the middle. The elytra are smooth and shining, lightly punc-
tured in indistinct rows. The pro-
pygidium is clothed, like the sternum
and abdomen, with white hairs lying
closely in longitudinal rows, and the
pygidium is finely shagreeued, bearing
only a very few scattered setae. The
legs are rather long, the front tibiae
sharply bidentate, and the longer claw
of the front and middle feet cleft.

cJ . Dark bronzy or bronzy green,
with the elytra pale yellow, except at
the outer margins, which are black.
The teeth of the front tibia are very
sharp, tlie front tarsi contracted, the
claw-joint very large.

5 . Bronzy or bronzy green with
pale yellow elytra, the outer margins of which are imperfectly,
or not at all, "bordered with black. The prothorax has bright
yellow lateral edges, which extend partly or entirely round the
base, and the femora and tibiae may be of the same colour. The
elytra are angularly dilated behind the shoulders.
Length, 7-8'5 mm. ; breadth, 4-5 mm.

SiKKiM : Eungpo, 1400 ft., 8ept. ; United Provinces : Dehra
Dun, W. Almora, Kumaou (if. O. Champion, April).
Type in the Oxford University Museum.

The coloration described is that normal to the respective sexes,
but probably a long series would show every stage of transition.
Of six males which I have seen, one has the female coloration.

The type (a female) belongs to a dark variety with the elytra
entirely black and the remainder of the body dark metallic
green.

Fig. 22. — Trichanomala
^7)ibriata, male.

Genus SPILOPOPILLIA.

SpilopopilUa, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 181.

Ttpe, Popillia 6-guttata, Fairm.

Range. Tiie Himalayas, Indo-China and S.W. China.

Small, oval in shape and flattened above, very thinly clothed
with hair beneath, and very shining and very coarsely sculptured
above. The legs are rather long. The clypeus is short and
broad, with the front margin quite straight and slightly reflexed.
The antennae are nine-jointed and similar in the two sexes. The
pronotum is only very slightly convex, about lialf as broad again
as it is long, dilating from apex to base, where it is widest, with
the base gently trisinuate, forming in the middle a broad rounded
lobe not at all emarginate before the scutellum. The latter is
short, with rather straight sides. The elytra are short, separately

SPILOPOPILLIA. 97

rounded behind and without distinct angles at the suture ; the
outei' margins are slightly flattened, gently dilated behind the
shoulders, where they are very broad, and rounded from there to
the apices, which are not angular. The mesosternum forms a
lamiua between the middle coxae, but is vertical in front and not
produced. The pygidium is rather prominent. The front tibia
has a sharp apical tooth, but only a minute vestige of an upper
one. The longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

(S . A.11 the legs are longer, the front tibia very broad and its
apical tooth short and very acute. The inner claw is broad and
strongly bent.

$ . The front tibia has a long curved terminal tooth, and there
is a slight dilatation of the flattened lateral margins of the elytra
just behind the shoulders.

Spilopopillia has all the characters of Anomala, but differs in
its flattened dorsal surface, the pronotum dilating from apex to
base, in its short, broad elytra, strongly rounded behind, the
peculiar single-toothed front tibiae, and in other features.

74. Spilopopillia 6-guttata.

Popillia Q-guttata, Fairm., Ann. Sec. Ent. Belg. xxxi, 1887, p. 116 ;
Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 180, pi. 4, fig. 2.

Metallic green or coppery, with the elytra black or dark brown,

their outer margins, the anterior part of their sutural margins,

and the legs reddish, and three large round

spots upon each elytron bright orange in

C\^^.^'^ colour. The first spot adjoins the middle of

M^mL. f! tiie anterior margin, the second is before the

middle of the outer margin, and the third
occupies the centre of the apical part.

The body is rather broad and depressed.
The head is densely rugose, except behind
the eyes, where it is strongly punctured.
The pronotum is closely covered with large
and deep transverse impressions. All the
angles are sharp, but the hind angles are not
Fig. 2^.—Spaopopillia Produced. The sides are curved, dilated from
'^-guttata. apex to base and scarcely angulated iu the

middle. The scutellum bears large punctures
in its basal part. The elytra are rather dilated and flattened
at the sides, which are widest a little behind the shoulders,
rounded from that point, and separately rounded at the apices ;
they bear very deep coarsely punctured stride, and the subsutural
interval is broad and irregularly punctured. The pygidium is
transversely strigose.

(S . The front tibia is broad and terminates in a short sharp
tooth, the front tarsi are short and thick, and the other tarsi
long.

9S RUTELIX.i:.

Length, 7'5-8*5 mm. ; breadth, 4-4-5 mm.
SiKKiM : Kurseong {Verschraeglien) •, Assam: Shillong {E. T.
Atkinson, F. W. Champion).

Type in M. Rene Oberthiir's collection.

Genus ANOPLANOMALA, nov.

Type, Anomala glohidosa, Shai'p.

Range. Southern India.

Form rather short, compact and convex, with the sternum
thickly clothed with rather long, soft hair. Clypeus simply
rounded. Mandible entire and rounded at the apex. Maxilla
short, armed with short, sharp teeth. Mentum rather long and
narrow. Basal margin of the pronotiini gently trisinuated and
having a complete fine marginal stria. Prosternum and meso-
sternum without processes. Front tibia bidentate externally and
without a distinct terminal spur. Hind tibia short or moderately
long, the middle and hind tibiae without terminal spurs or with
a single one only.

Other features are as in Anomala.

The two species for which this genus is constituted differ from
Anomala only in the absence of some or all of the tibial spurs,
of which, except in the Coprin^, the Lamellicornia have normally
one to each front tibia and two to each of the four posterior
tibiae. They are always much larger than the short spines which
usually fringe the end of the tibia. These spurs in Anoplanomala
are wanting, except for a single one upon each of the four hinder
tibiae in the female A. glohulosa and a single one upon the middle
tibia of the male A. cameola. The female of the latter is not yet
known.

Key to the Species.

Dark in colour : hind femora inflated glohulosa, Sharp.

Pale in colour : hind femora not inflated cameola, Arrovf.

75. Anoplanomala globulosa.

Anomala glohulosa, Sharp,* Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xii, 1903,
p. 471.

Very deep red-brown, with the head and pronotum black, the
antennae and the three basal ventral segments of the abdomen
yellow, and the tarsi reddish.

It is a small species, rather shortly ovate in form, very shining
and convex, with a rather long but not dense clothing of greyish
hairs beneath. The clypeus is nearly semicircular, moderately
closely punctured, with the margin strongly reflexed. The fore-
head is rather rugosely punctured. The pronotum is very finely
and sparingly punctured, with the sides well rounded, the front

AXOPLANOMALA. 99

angles slightly acute, and the hind angles obtuse but well marked ;

the base is scarcely lobed, very gently trisinuate and finely
margined. The scutellum is broad and
blunt and bears a few fine punctures, The
elytra bear seven similar and equidistant
striae, which are deeply impressed and
closely punctured, with narrow convex
intervals. The pygidium is evenly and
moderately strongly punctured. The meso-
sternura is not produced. The front tibia
has two strong blunt teeth, but is without
a terminal spur. The legs are short and
stout, the hind femora very thick.

Fig.24.—Anoplanomala. cJ • The club of the antenna is as long

glohdosa, cJ. as the footstalk. The inner claw of the

front tarsus is sharp, slightly dilated, but

scarcely perceptibly bifid. There are no tibial spurs.

2 . The club of the antenna is about one-third as long as in the

male, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet is bifid.

There is a single short terminal spur to each of the four posterior

tibise. The hind femur is extremely short and thick.
Length, 7-8 mm. ; breadth, 4-5-5 mm.
Madras: Utakamand (C. A. Barber), Nilgiri Hills.
Tyj^e in the British Museum ; co-types in the Cambridge

University Museuin.

76. Anoplanomala carneola.

Anomala carneola, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, (8) viii 1911
p. 484. '

Pale testaceous, with a very faint rosy tinge, the head and
pronotum coppery or coppery green. There are usually vague
dark markings upon the hind femora and the posterior part of the
abdomen.

The form is short and ovate, vvith the greatest breadth behind
the middle of the elytra. The clypeus and forehead are rugosely
punctured, the former nearly semicircular, with its inargin
strongly reflexed. The vertex and pronotum are rather strongly
punctured, the sides of the latter angulated about the middle, the
front angles nearly right angles, tlie hind angles obtusely rounded,
the base gently sinuated and entirely margined. The scutellum
is minutely punctured, and the elytra bear closely packed im-
pressed rows of rather large punctures. The pygidium, meta-
sternum and abdomen are closely and evenly punctured, and the
mesosternum is not produced. The front tibia is bidentate, and
the larger claw of the front and middle feet cleft. The front
tibia is without a visible terminal spur, the middle tibia bears
a single one only, and the hind tibia is rather slender, with the
internal angle produced into a spine, but without articulated
spurs.

h2

100 EUTBLIXJl.

(5 . The antennal club is moderately long, the last ventral
segment of the abdomen scarcely punctured, and the inner front
claw broad, acute and cleft.

The female is not known.

Length, 12-13-5 mm. ; breadth, 7-7*5 mm.

Madras : Nilgiri Hills {H. L. Andrewes).

Type in the British Museum.

Genus MICRANOMALA.

Micranomala, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, (8) viii, 1911, p. 2(38.
Type, Mieranomala indica, Arrow.

Range. South India, Ceylon and Burma.

Body very small, elongate and rather depressed. Clypeus small,
naiTowed to the front, where it is strongly reflexed and emar-
ginate, the clypeal suture very strongly marked. Eyes very large,
with the inner margin nearly straight dorsally and very oblique, so
that the intervening space is nearly twice as wide behind as in
front ; ante-ocular ridges small and slight. Antennae 9-jointed,
the 1st, 3rd, 4th and 5th joints long and slender, the 6th very
short. Prothorax moderately transverse, not much narrowed in
front, completely but narrowly margined, with the base almost
straight. No sternal process. Legs long ; front tibiae tridentate,
the uppermost tooth minute; tarsi and claws slender; front and
middle tarsi with the longer claw cleft near the middle of its
length. Elytra with membranous outer margins. Labrum hoi'i-
zontal, emarginate in front. Mandible rather weak, rounded
externally, the apex forming a very shght and feeble tooth.
Maxilla strong, the extremity consisting of two thin rounded
lobes, a sharp tooth behind these and an acuminate carina behind
that. Mentum elongate, with the anterior part short, broadly
crescent-shaped. All the palpi stout, with a long last joint.

S . Eyes much larger than in the female. Inner front claw
strongly dilated.

This genus has most of the chai*acters of Anomala, but is clearly
separated from it by a combination of peculiar features, the most
important of which are the emarginate and biangulate clypeus,
the very deep frontal suture, the obliquely placed eyes and the
great enlargement of these in the male, and the peculiar bilobed
maxillae and mentum. The cleavage of the claws far from the tip
is also an exceptional feature, although this occurs in Anomala
chinensis, Eedt., and a few allied species. The three known
species are Indian, all of very small size and apparently rare.

Key to the Species.

1 (2) Clypeus strongly punctured vich'ca, Arrow, p. 101.

2 (1) Clypeus smooth.

3 (4) Forehead punctured hirmanica, Arrow, p. 102.

4 (-3) Forehead smooth cingalensis, Arrow, p. 101.

MIOBAKOMALA. 101

77. Micranomala indica.

Micranomala indica, Arrow, Ami. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,
p. 269.

Pale testaceous, with the head aud tarsi reddish. The clypeus
is strongly aud closel}'- punctured and sub-
angularly emarginate in front, with prominent
but not acute lateral angles. The forehead
is rather strongly channelled along the middle
and strongly punctured., but a little less
closely than the clypeus. The pronotum is
moderately closely and rather evenly punc-
tured and the lateral margins are angulate
in the middle, nearly straight and very
slightly contracted from there to the front
and hind angles, the front angles are acute
Fig. 25.— Mia ra no- and the hind obtuse. The scutellum is dis-
mala indica. tinctly punctured, and the elytra bear coarse

and close punctures in strongly impressed
rows, placed close together at almost equal distances. The
pygidium is strongly, but not closely, aud the metasternum
closely punctured. There is only a very scanty clothing of
hairs upon the lower surface. The front tibia bears three sharp
teeth.

6 . The eyes are very large, their diameter being rather wider
than the intervening space at its narrowest pai't. The inner front
claw is very broad and sharply angulated at its lower edge.
Length, 7'5 mm. ; breadth, 3"5 mm.
Madras : Coimbatore.
Type iu the British Museum.

The single specimen was presented to the British Museum in
1861 by Mr. Walhouse, of the Madras Civil Service.

78. Micranomala cingalensis.

Micranomala cingalensis, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,
p. 270.

This species, of which I have seeu only two female specimens,
is of the same colour and shape as M. indica, but a little smaller,
the clypeus and forehead are scarcely perceptibly punctured and
the latter is not impressed. The sides of the pi'onotum are
rounded in front aud nob distinctly angulated in the middle. The
sculpture of the pronotum, scutellum, elytra and lower surface is
almost the same, but the scutellum is longer and more acute, and
the pygidium is rather more closely punctured. Tlie front tibia
is more slender aud has two acute teeth and an extremely feeble
upper one.

Lenyih, 7 mm. ; breadth, 3"5 mm.

Ceylon : Colombo {E. E. Green, Oct.), Miniwangoda (C F. S.
Baker, Sept.).

Type in the British Museum.

1 02 RUTEtilN J!.

79. Micranomala birmanica.

Micrano7nala birmanica, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911
p. 270.

Although a httle smaller, this species is superficially extremely
like the other two. The clypeus is very smooth and shining,
without pei-ceptible punctures ; the lateral margins are prominent
at the base and from there nearly straight, and the front margin
is nearly straight in the middle, with a distinct but obtuse angle on
each side. The forehead is distinctly but not closely punctured,
and not impressed in the middle. The pronotum is well punctured,
rather closely in the middle, where there is a slight longitudinal
groove in the anterior part, and less closely at the sides ; the lateral
margins are subangulate in the middle, slightly approximating, but
scarcely curved from there to the front and hind angles, the former
of which are acute and the latter obtuse. The uppermost (third)
tooth of the front tibia is very feeble.

The distinctive features of the male are as in M. indica.

Length, 6 mm. ; breadth, 3*25 mm.

Burma : S. Tenasserim, Victoria Point.

Type in the British Museum.

The single specimen was taken by the late E. T. Atkinson.

Genus MIMELA.

Mimela, Kirbj, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiv, 18"26, p. 101 ; Burni., Handb.

Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 285 ; Lacord., Gen. Col. iii, 1856, p. 333.
Paracrusis, Newm., Mag. Nat. Hist, iii, 1839, p. 366.

Type, Mimela chinensis, Kirby (China).

Range, Tropical Asia, Java, Borneo, Sumatra.

Form variable, generally rather broadly ovate, sometimes globose.
Head generally rather broad, with the clypeus short, its margin
reflexed and simply rounded. Mentum rather short and broad,
divided into two slight rounded lobes in front. Maxilla armed
with five very strong parallel teeth in three ranges. Mandible
strongly rounded externally and divided at the extremity into two
blunt lobes. Pronotum not completely margined behind (except
in M. splendens, Gyll.), gently lobed before the scutellum.
Elvtra furnished with a narrow membranous external margin.
Prosternum elevated behind the front coxae, forming a com-
pressed hunina which is bent forward angularly, concealing the
line of junction of the coxae. Mesosternum produced or not.
Antennae 9-jointed. Legs moderately short and stout; front tibia
armed with 1 or 2 teeth ; hind femora usually short and broad ;
the larger claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

S . The lower division of the cleft front claw is broad, and
the outer tooth (or teeth) of the front tibia short and sharp.
Sometimes the upper tooth found in the female is absent in the
male. The last vent ral segment is emarginate, and the emargination
is filled with a membrane.

The chief distinctive generic feature is the prosterual process,
which, behind the front coxae, is elevated to their level and
angularly produced forward, hiding their line of contact and
appearing as though interposed between them. In form, colour
and sculpture the species present great diversity and superficially
are not easily distinguished from that section of the genus Anomala
in which the posterior marginal stria is absent from the pronotum.
Sharp and Ohaus have referred to Mimela various small species
{Anomala anopunctata, Buvm., A . discoidea, Burm., A.debilis, Sharp,
etc.) in which a very small and not elbowed prosternal process is
traceable, but the inclusion of these seems to me to obliterate en-
tirely the boundary-line between Mimela M\di Anomala. Eestricting
the genus to those species with a well-developed and horizontallv-
bent process and (almost always) without a marginal stria, I believe
Mimela to be a natural and homogeneous one. With the exception
of a few aberrant species {Mimela madeayana, M. passerinii,
M. vernicata, M. pectoralis and M. ohausi) a particular conformation
of the head characterises all the insects composing it. The head
is reliilively large, but the eyes are small, widely separated from
each other, as seen from above, and not at all prominent laterally.
probably indicating tliat the species have markedly diurnal habits.
In Anomala, as in nearly all other genera of Eutelin^, the eyes
are relatively large, divided by a much narrower space on the top
of the head and generally projecting strongly at the sides. The
bluntly bilobed mandibles of Mimela constitute another distinctive
feature.

Key to the Species.

1 (8) Pygidium clothed with conspicuous

hah".

2 (3) Hairy clothing' lying close to the

hody madeayana, Vigors, p. 105.

3 (2) Hairy clothiug not lying close to

the body.

4 (7) Non-metallic green.

5 (6) Pronotum rather strongly punc-

tured passerinii^ Hope, p. 105.

6 (5) Pronotum very hghtly punctured, vernicata, Fairm., p. 106.

7 (4) Deep metallic green pectoralis, BL, p. 107,

8 (1) Pygidium without conspicuous

hair.
9 (56) Upper surface green or chiefly
green.

10 (17) Elytra broad and not very convex.

11 (12) Upper surface very brilliant .... splendens, GylL, p. 107.

12 (11) Upper surface dull.

13 (14) Pale green, with very minute

sculpture schneideri, Ohaus, p. 108.

14 (13) Dark green, with coarse sculpture.

15 (16) Upper surface granular sericea, Ohaus, p. 109.

16 (15) Upper surface coarsely punctured, pyriformis, Arrow, p. 109,

17 (10) Body very convex.

18 (25) Elytra decorated with fiery stripes.

104 EUTELIN.t,

19 (20) Mesosternal process distinct and

acute horsjieldi, Hope, p. 110.

20 (19) Mesosternum not, or scarcely, pro-

duced.

21 (22) Upper surface strongly punctured, leei, Swed., p. 111.

22 (21) Upper surface liglitly punctured.

23 (24) Head large, with small eyes .... fulgidioittata, Bl., p. 111.

24 (23) Head rather small, with larger

and more prominent eyes . .. oAawst, Arrow, p. 112.

25 (18) Elytra not decorated with fiery

stripes.

26 (51) Elytra without yellow margin.

27 (36) Upper surface strongly punctured.

28 (29) Pronotum decorated with two

dark patches vittaticollis, Burm., p. 113.

29 (28) Uniformly coloured.

30 (31) Mesosternum not produced suhsericea, Arrow, p. 113.

31 (30) Mesosternum produced.

32 (33) Legs dark metallic green soror, Arrow, p. 114.

33 (32) Legs reddish.

34 (35) Pygidium not shining terminalis, sp. n., p. 115.

35 (34) Pygidium shining princeps, Hope, p. 115.

36 (27) Upper surface not strongly punc-

tured.

37 (44) Upper surface metallic green.

38 (43) Not globose.

39 (40) Elytra strongly punctured later-

ally Icevigata, Arrow, p. 116.

40 (39) Elytra uniformly punctured.

41 (42) Legs metallic viridipes, sp. u., p. 116.

42 (41) Femora and tibise reddish, not

metallic heterochroptcs, BL, p. 117.

43 (38) Small and globose, with short legs, atkinsoni, Arrow, p. 118.

44 (37) Upper surface non-metallic green.

45 (46) Pygidium opaque rugicauda, sp. n., p. 119.

4.^ (45) Pygidium very smooth.

47 (48) Upper surface finely punctured . . amabilis, Arrow, p. 119.

48 (47) Upper surface almost unpunctured.

49 (50) Small; mesosternum not produced f/lahra, Hope, p. 120.

50 (49) Large; mesosternum produced . . dehaani, Hope, p. 120.
61 (26) Outer margins of elytra yellow.

52 (53) Mesosternum produced marginalis, Arrow, p. 121.

53 (52) Mesosternum not produced.

54 (55) Yellow mnigin sharply defined . . vnmdissima, Walk,, p. 122.

55 (54) Yellow margin not sharply de-

fined xanthorrhina, Hope, p. 122.

66 (9) lt,ed, yellow or golden yellow
above.

57 (58) Upper surface strongly punctured. owreZ/rt, sp. n., p. 123.

58 (57) Upper surface feebly punctured.

59 (60) Elongate ; pronotum maculate . . inscripta, Nonfr., p. 124.

60 (59) Very short ; uniformly coloured

above.

61 (62) Front tibia bidentate ; hind angles

of thorax distinct bicolor, Hope, p. 125.

62 (61) Front tibia unidentate ; hind

angles of thorax rounded cyanipes, Newm., p. 125.

kiMELA. l05

80. Mimela macleayana. (Plate I, fig. 7.)

Euchlora macleayana, Vigors,* Zool. Journ. i, 1825, p. 540, pi. 20,

fig. 7; Hope, Mag. Nat. Hist, iv, 1840, p. 346.
Mimela macleaijana, Burm., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 291.

Bright coppery red, with the head, pronotiira and scutellum
golden greeu aud the elytra grass-green, with the outer margins
yellowish.

It is a large, elongate-oval insect, with the legs, pygidium and
lower surface rather closely aud evenly clothed with decumbeut
grey hair. The eyes are lai'ge and prominent, the clypeus is
rather small, coarsely rugose and nearly straight in front, and the
forehead is strongly punctured. The pronotum is strongly and
closely punctured, the punctures being least close in the middle
and becoming rugose at the sides ; the lateral margins are rounded,
the front angles not very sharp and the hind angles obtuse. The
scutellum is rather long and bears only a few fine punctures.
The elytra are strongly and moderately closely punctured, rather
more feebly upon the region adjacent to the scutellum and very
coarsely upon the apical part. The pygidium is rugosely punc-
tured, the metasternum smooth in the middle and finely rugose at
the sides, and the abdomen coarsely punctured, except along the
middle line. The prosternal process is small, with its ventral edge
very oblique ; the mesosternal process is rather long and narrow ;
and the front tibia has no lateral tooth. A specimen in the
Indian Museum (in bad condition) has the punctures of the elytra
almost obliterated.

c? . The front tibia is broad and its apex is very sharp, but
scarcely produced ; the pygidium is convex, with its extremity bare
and smooth ; and the antennae are rather long.

$ . The apical tooth of the front tibia is long and curved, and
the pygidium is oblique aud rather flat.

Length, 24-28 mm. ; breadth, 14-16 mm.

Ceylon: Wellawaya {E. K. Green, Nov.), Puttalam (C. F. S.
Baker), Iranaimadu (C. F. S. Baker, Dec); Mysore: Shimoga;
Centeal PfiOAaNCKs: Nagpur (E. A. D'Abi-eu, July).

Type in the British Museum.

This beautiful insect is not uncommon in Ceylon aud has
evidently a wide rangf. A single specimen has been sent to me
from Nagpur, taken in a garden.

81. Mimela passerinii.

Mimela passerinii, Hope,* Proc. Liun. See. i, 1842, p. 128.
Mimela limbata, Burm., llandb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855, p. -508.
Mimela pomacea, Bates, The Entomologist, xxiii, 1 890, p. 245.

Deep grass-green above, with the clypeus, the sides of the pro-
notum and the sides and apices of the elytra vaguely paler, the
lower surface reddish coppery, the femora orange, the tibiae dark
red and the tarsi nearly black.

106 feUTELIN^.

The body is elongate-oval, modei'ately shining, with the breast
rather densely and the abdomen and pygidium thinly clothed
with long yellowish-grey hair. The eyes are large and prominent,
the clypeus transversely rectangular with the angles only slightly
rounded, and the forehead and vertex strongly and irregularly, but
not coarsely, punctured. The pronotum is rather short, strongly
and modei'ately closely and evenly punctured, with the sides gently
rounded, the front angles acute, the hind angles well-markeci and
not very obtuse, and the base strongly trisinuate. The scutellum
is minutely, and the elytra strongly and closely punctured, many of
the punctures forming impressed longitudinal lines. The pygidium
is metallic green and finely and densely granulated. The meta-
sternum is smooth and shining in the midcde and finely and
densely punctured at the sides. The mesosternal process is mode-
rately long, very narrow and acute. The abdomen is irregularly
punctui'ed. The front tibia is bidentate.

S - The club of the antenna is very long (as long as the foot-
stalk), and the teeth of the front tibia are acute, the upper one
being minute.

2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is very long and
blunt.

Length, 13-23 mm.; breadth, 9-12 mm.

SiKKiM : Darjiling (Verschraeghen), Mimgl^hu (E. T. Atkinson),
Jellapabar, 7500 ft., Lachen Valley, 7000 ft. ; Kashmir: Camp-
bellpur ; Tiuet ; AV. Chika.

Tyjje in the Oxford University Museum ; that of M. limhata in
the Halle Museum and of M. pomacea in M. Eene Oberthiir's
collection.

82. Mimela vernicata.

Spilota vernicata, Fairmaire,* Notes Leyd. Mus. 1896, p. 88.
Mimela biplar/iata, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1908, p. 642 (n. syu.).

Testaceous beneath, including the legs, and pea-green above, the
n)iddle of the head, that of the pronotum, except a large rounded
patch on each side, and the extreme outer margins of the elytra
i)eing vaguely paler. The pygidium is brilliant metallic green, and
the tibiae and tarsi are coppery green.

The body is shortly oblong and moderately convex. The clypeus
is short, nearly straiglit in front and densely punctured, the eyes
are large and prominent, and the forehead and vertex are strongly
but sparingly punctured. The pronotum is finely and rather
sparingly punctured, well rounded at the sides, with the front and
hind angles nearly right angles, hut the latter slightly more obtuse.
The scutellum is very feebly, and the elytra are closely and rather
rugosely punctured, except near the base, where they are rather
smooth ; there are irregular longitudinal striae, which become deep
at the apices. The pygidium is densely granulated and very thinly
hairy, the metasternum rather thickly clothed with yellow hair,
and the abdomen almost smooth. The mesosternal process is

MlMBtA. 107

short, but very narrow and shari), and the front tibia has a single
long sharp tooth in the male and two teeth in the female, the
terminal one long and blunt and the upjier one short.

Lemjth, 14-16 mm. ; breadth, 8-9 mm.

81KKIM : Kurseoug, 5000 ft., {Versclirae<jhen^^\i\y — Ind. Mus.),
Gopaldhara, Eungbong Valley ( W. K. Webb) ; Bhutax : Maria
Basti {L. Diirel).

Type in the Paris Museum; that of iM. blplayiatd iu Dr. Ohaus'
collection.

83. Mimeia pectoralis.

Mimela pectoralis, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Eut. Mus. Paris, 1851 (I80O),
p. 197.

Deep metallic green, with the tibia? and tarsi coppery red,
and the mouth, antemise, trout and uiiddle femora, and the ex-
treme lateral margins of the prothorax testaceous.

The body is rather elongate, convex, and clothed rather thickly
upon the lower surface and femora with long pale yellow hair,
less thickly upon the head and pygidium. The head is coarsely
rugose, with the eyes very large, and the clypeus rather narrow
and subrectangular. The pronotum is closely punctured, with an
incomplete smooth median longitudinal line, the lateral margins
strongly rounded, and all the angles distinct, but not sharp. The
scutellum is short and bears only a few punctures. The elytra
are very strongly and closely but irregularly punctured, with irre-
gular impressed lines of confluent punctures and a smooth line
adjoining the suture. The pygidium is scantily punctured ; the
metasternum deeply impressed in the middle and very finely and
densely punctured at the sides. The abdomen is almost smooth
in the middle. The prosternal process is rounded behind and the
mesosternum is not produced. The front tibia is bidentate.

S . The club of the antenna is very long.

Length, 17 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.

Punjab : Lahore (Mrs. Mulvany), Simla.

Type in the Paris Museum.

84. Mimela splendens.

Melolontha splendens, Clyll., Schonh. Syii. Ins. i, 3, 1817, App.,

p. 110.
Mimela lathami, Hope,* Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond, i, 1835, p. 113.
Mimela lucidula, id.,* 1. c.
Mimela concolor, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Eut. Mus. Paris, 1851 (1850),

p. 196 (n. syn.).
Mimela gaschkevitchi, Motch., Etudes Ent. vi, 1857, p. 32.
Mimela sirnplex. Bates, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 345 ; op. cit. 1888,

p. 375 (n. syn.).

Brilliant metallic green or golden green, generally with the legs
and extreme margins of the prothorax and elytra deeper green, and
the anterior, lateral and posterior parts oF tlie elvtra fiery red.

This species is rather short and broad in form and not very

t08 RirTBLIK*.

convex, with the lateral margins of the elytra distinctly flattened.
It is extremely brilliant above and only very thinly clothed with
short greyish hair beneath. The head is moderately large,
the eyes small and far apart, as seen from above, the clypeus
finely coriaceous, straight in front and rounded at the sides. The
pronotum is extremely smooth and shining, with exceedingly fine
scattered punctures, its sides gently rounded, the front angles
acutely produced and the hind angles slightly obtuse. There is a
deeply impressed marginal line at the base, and an imperfect
longitudinal median impression. The scutellum is finely punctured
and has an impressed marginal line. The elytra are rather feebly,
sometimes scarcely perceptibly, punctured, but generally exhibit
slight transverse wrinkles. The pygidium is very lightly or not
at all punctured, very smooth and shining, with a deep fovea in
the angle on each side. The mesosternum is not produced. The
legs are rather long, the front tibia bidentate, and the longer front
and middle claws cleft.

6 . The teeth of the front tibia are short and sharp.

2 . The teeth of the front tibia are very blunt.

Length, 17-23 mm. ; breadth, 9'5-12 mm.

Burma : 8. Shan [States (F. M. Machwood, April) ; Tokkik ;
China ; Koeba ; Japan.

Type in the Stockholm Museum ; those of M. lathami and
M. luciclula in the Oxford Museum, of M. concolor in the Paris
Museum, and of M. simplex in M. Rene Oberthiir's collection.

The locality, Sylhet, quoted by Blanchard, seems a little
doubtful.

85. Mimela schneideri.

Mimela schneideri, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1905, p. 89.

Upper surface (with pygidium) entirely pale pea-green, with a
very faint pinkish lustre, minutely coriaceous and subopaque ;
the lower surface, legs and antennae shining reddish-testaceous.

The body is elongate-oval and not very convex. The clypeus
and forehead are rather finely rugosely punctured, with the
clypeus rather broad and nearly straight in front. The pronotum
is finely and regularly punctured, the punctures being close and
subrugose at the sides and becoming very minute and inconspi-
cuous in the middle; the front angles are moderately sharp, and
the hind angles distinct but obtuse. The scutellum is scarcely
punctured, not very short. The elytra are very finely and evenly
punctured and have scarcely traceable impressed lines. The
pygidium is rather more strongly punctured. The metasternum is
smooth and shining in the middle, closely and finely punctured
and clothed with short grey pubescence at the sides, and the
abdomen bears fine scattered punctures. The prosternal process is
well developed and laminar, but is rounded behind and only slightly
produced forwards. The mesosternal process is short, but very
sharp. The front tibia is feebly bidentate and the hind tarsi are
rather thick.

MIMELA. 109

cJ . The inner division of the inner tarsal claw is very broad,
and the outer division very miniits. The club of the antenna is
as long as the footstalk.

Length, 19 mm. ; breadth, 11 mm.

Assam : Manipur ( W. DoherUj), Naga Hills, Kohima, 4000-
5000 ft. (//. C. T,jthr); Bubma : Kuby Mines {W. Dohertii),
Maymyo (C. RoJgers, Oct.).

Tiqje in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

The colour, subopaque surface and form of the prosternal
process of this species are all highly distinctive.

86. Mimela sericea.

Mimela sericea, Ohaus,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1905, p. 88.

Deep green above and orange-brown beneath, with a slight
metallic lustre, especially at the sides, the femora orange and the
tibiae and tarsi coppery.

The body is rather flat, ovate and broad behind. The whole
upper surface (with the pygidium) is granular and opaque, and
the outer face of the tibiae is similarly, but rather less finely
granular or rugose. Each elytron has an inconspicuous stripe, a
little more shining than the remaining surface, running parallel
with the outer margin from the shoulder to the outer part of the
apical edge, and defined by a line of punctures on each side. The
clypeus is broad and continuously rounded, and the eyes are rather
small and far apart. The pronotum is short, with the front
angles very sharp and tiie hind angles well marked. The meta-
sternum is smooth in the middle and very finelv rugose at the
sides, where there is an exceedingly fine and scarcely perceptible
grey pubescence. The abdomen is finely and irregularly punc-
tured, rather rugosely at the sides. The mesosternum is not
produced, and the front tibia is distinctly bidentate.

Length, 16-20 mm.; breadth, 9-5-11-5 mm.

SiKKiM : Singla, Darjiliug District, 1500 ft. (.Tune — Ind.
Mus.) ; Nepal.

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

87. Mimela pyriformis.

Mimela pyriformis, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i, 1908
p. 216. '

Metallic green, only slightly shining, with the outer margins of
the clvpeus, prothorax and elytra, the lower surface, legs and
antennae, testaceous, with a greenish-golden reflection.

It is moderately elongate and convex and very broad behind.
The head is large, with the eyes small and wide apart, the clypeus
broadly rounded and densely rugose, and the forehead and vertex
densely and confluently punctured. The pronotum is very densely
punctured, with its sides rather feebly rounded, the front angles
acute and the hind angles well marked but obtuse. The scuteUum

110 EUTELIN^.

is moderately punctured, the elytra densely and uniformly, with a
smootli juxta-sutural line and an almost obliterated dorsal one;
the outer edges are nearly straight and diverge slightly for almost
their whole length, so that their greatest breadth is very little
before the extremity ; they are long and slope rather gradually
at the hinder part. The pygidium is short and broad, finely
granulated and thinly clothed with short golden hairs. The meso-
sternal process is small but acutely produced. The front tibiae
are distinctly bidentate and the antennae slender.

Length, 23 mm. ; breadth, 14 mm.

Assam : Naga Hills, Khasi Hills, Shillong {E. A. D'Abreu,
August),

Type in the British Museum.

The t^radual slope of the elytra in this species at the sides and
posterior end, and their breadth at the extremity, produce a quite
peculiar appearance. There is an approximation to the curious
form of M. sericea, Ohaus, but M. pyrifonnis is larger, more
convex and much less opaque.

88, Mimela horsfieldi.

Mimela hors/ieldi, Hope* Trans. Ent, Soc. Lend, i, 1836, p. 114;

Burm., llandb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 290; Arrow, Trans. Ent. Soc.

Lond. 1899, p, 273.
Mimela vittata, Kedt.,* Hiigers Kascbmir, iv, 2, 1848, p. 525,

pi. 25, fig. 1

Deep metallic green above and beneath, including the legs, with
fiery-red markings upon the clypeus and on each side of the middle
of the pronotum, and an oblique median longitudinal stripe upon
each elytron, uniting at the apex with a lateral stripe, the middle of
the pycidiuMi, and a patch upon the lower face of the hind femur
also fiery red.

The body is elongate-oval, very smooth and shining, with fine
inconspicuous greyish pubescence at the sides of the metasternum.
The clypeus is broad, a little elevated in the middle and rather
feebly rugose. The forehead is coarsely punctui'ed. The pro-
notum is strongly punctured in front, very feebly behind, and
rugose at the sides. The front angles are produced and acute,
and the hind angles rounded. The scutellum is broad and slightly
rugose. There are distinct i-ows of punctures upon the outer half
of the elytra, but these become obsolete upon the inner part, and
the apices bear impressed longitudinal lines, but are otherwise
almost smooth. The pygidiutn bears only fine scattered punctures.
The middle of the body beneath is very smooth and shining, and
the sides are rugosely punctured. The mesosternum forms a short
acute process, and the front tibia has a long curved terminal tooth
with a vestige of an upper one in the female, obsolete in the male.

Length, i::5'5-18 mm.; breadth, S-IO'S mm.

Assam: Jaintia Hills, Sibsagar(-S. ^. P(?rtO; United Pbovinceb :
Eanikhet {H. 0. Champion), Kusanie, 6000 ft., Kumaon (i/. C.

MIMELA. Ill

Tytler); Punjab: Kiilu, Fciliimpur (G. C. Dudgeon), ^'imla,; Nepal:
Khatmandu ; Sikkim : Knvseoug (Verschraec/hen), Goweliar.

Ti/pe in the Oxford University Museutii ; tliat of M. vittaUt in
the Vienna Museum.

89. Mimela leei.

ScurabceuH leei, Swed., Nov. Acta Holm, viii, 1787, p. 180.
Meloltmtha leei, OHv., Entom. i, o, 1789, p. 30, pi. 8, li^. 87.
Melolontha fastuosa, Fabr., Ent. Syst. i, 2, 1792, p. 168 ; id., Syst.

Eleut. ii, 1801, p. 173.
Mimela leei, Hope, Trans. Eat. Soc. Loud, i, 1836, p. 115; Burm.,

Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 290; Arrow, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.

1899, p. 273.
Mimela leei, var. mpphirina, Parrv, Trans. Ent. Soc. Load, iv, 1845,

p. 85.

Brilliant metallic green, sometimes passing into deep blue (var,
sappliirina) above and beneath, decorated with fiery-red patches,
consisting of the clypeus and forehead, the pronotum, except the
circumference and a longitudinal median line, two longitudinal
stripes extending from base to apex of each elytron and uniting
behind, and two patches (sometimes united) upon the pygidium.

The body is rather broadly ovate, very shining, with a scanty
yellowish pubescence at the sides beneath. The clypeus is rather
narrow, subquadrate and, with the forehead, strongly and not very
closely punctured. The pronotum is strongly and unevenly punc-
tured, smooth along the median line, and coarsely and confluently
punctured at the sides ; the front angles are very sharp and the
hind angles rounded. The scutellum is moderately short and
bears a few distinct punctures. The elytra are very strongly and
rather evenly punctured, each with a sutural line, a double dorsal
line, and several incomplete outer lines of punctures. The pygi-
dium is strongly and irregularly punctured, the metasternum is
finely punctured in the middle and strongly and closely at the
sides, and the abdomen is strongly punctured, but scantily in the
middle. The mesosternal process is very short and not sharp,
and the front tibiae are strongly and acutely bideutate.

c? . The club of the antenna is very long.

Lenrjth 15-21 mm.; breadth, 9*5-13 mm.

Assam : Khasi Hills.

90. Mimela fulgidivittata.

Mimela fulgidivittata, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent, Mus. Paris, 1S51
(1850), p. 197 ; Arrow, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1899, p. 273.

Deep metallic green above and beneatli, with the antennae
ferriigiiieous, and with fiery-red markings as in M. horsfieldi, but
generally absent from the hind femora.

The body is ovate, finely sculptured above, very shining, \vith a
scanty yellowish pubescence at the sides of the metasternum.
The clypeus is rugose, rather convex, rounded and not \ erj wide,

112 rutblinjE.

with the margin not strongly reflexed, and the forehead is irregu-
larly punctured. The pronotum is finely and rather evenly
punctured, with the sides rugose, the front angles very sharp and
produced, and the hind angles a little rounded. The elytra are
finely but distinctly punctured all over, except at the apices, most
of the punctures forming longitudinal rows. The pygidium is
very finely and scantily punctured. The lower surface is very
smooth in the middle, the sides of the metasternum are finely
rugose, and those of the hind coxae and abdomen rugosely punc-
tured. The mesosternum is bluntly prominent in the middle, but
not produced, and the front tibia? are bidentate.

cJ . The upper tooth of the front tibia is very small.

Length 17-21 mm. ; breadth, 10-5-12 mm.

Assam : Sylhet ; Bhutan ; Sikkim: Mungphu {E. T. Athinson).

Tt/pe in the Paris Museum.

Tins species is exceedingly like M. Jiorsfieldi in appearance, but
differs in many structural points, especially in the not produced
mesosternum," bidentate front tibiae, and the evenly punctured
pronotum and elytra.

91, Mimela ohausi,

Mimela ohausi, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i, 1908, p. 243.

Bright metalhc green, very smooth and shining, with a deep
blue scutellum and iiery-red patches on the head, each side of the
pronotum, the end of the pygidium, the four posterior femora
and the sides of the ventral segments, and a discoidal and lateral
stripe on each elytron.

It is a small species of elongate-oval shape. The eyes are large
and prominent, the clypeus nearly semicircular, closely and finely
rugose, the vertex rugosely punctured, the pronotum and scutellum
very thinly and minutely punctured, and the former deeply
chaimelled along the middle, with its sides angulated, scarcely
curved, the front angles slightly acute and the hind angles well
marked but obtuse. The elytra are very lightly punctured, some
of the punctures forming double rows. The pygidium has a few
moderately strong punctures. The prosternal process is narrow
and not very prominent, and the mesosternum is not produced.
The front tibia is strongly bidentate.

$ . The apical tooth of the front tibia is longer and blunter,
and the club of the antenna rather shorter, than in the male.
The only female I have seen is a specimen of a deep violet colour
in the collection of Dr. Ohaus.

Length, 14*5 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.

Assam ^^E. T. Athinson) ; Tonkin ; Yunnan (Ohaus Collection).

Type in the British Museum.

This species very closely resembles M. horsfieldi, Hope, in its
form, colouring and punctui-ation, but is generally rather smaller.
It is less regularly oval in shape and the prosternal process,
mesosternum and front tibiae are quite differently formed. In

MniET.A, 113

addition, the eyes are larger, the head much more strongly sculp-
tured, tlie pronotum has a deep median groove, and its sides are
more convex and not strongly punctured.

92. Mimela vittaticoUis.

Mimela vittaticoUis, Burm., Handb. Ent. Iv, 2, 1855, p. 506.

Testaceous yellow above and beneath, including the legs, and
everywhere suffused with a slight metallic green lustre, which is
less apparent upon the lower surface, decorated with dark green
markings consisting of a patch on each side of the vertex of the
head, a broad stripe on each side of the pronotum not reaching
the lateral margins, an external border to each elytron from
shoulder to apex, narrow at the hind margin, and a rather vague
patch upon the region of the elytra adjoining the scutellum.

The body is ovate, not highly convex, closely punctured, and
moderately shining above. The head is rather small, with the
clypeus rugose and the forehead irregularly punctured. The pro-
notum is rather evenly punctured, there is a longitudinal groove
at the middle, and the sides are scarcely curved, obtusely angulated
at the middle and straight behind, with the posterior angles sharp.
The scutellum is punctured, and the elytra are strougly and
densely punctured, each having a punctured sutural stria and
three double lines of punctures rather far apart, the innenuost
pair becoming deeply impressed at the extremity. The pygidium
is moderately and rather evenly punctured. The sides of the
metasternum are densely punctured and thinly clothed with yellow
pubescence. The abdomen is sparingly punctured. The meso-
sternum is pointed, but not at all produced. The legs are mode-
rately slender, the front tibiae bidentate.

6 . The antennal club is nearly as long as the footstalk.

Lemjth^ 16-18 mm.; breadth, 9-11 mm.

Nepal (type); Sikkim : Kurseong, 5000 ft. {N. Amiandale,
May-July), Darjiling {H. Fruhstorfer, June), Lebong {H. Maxwell
Lefroi/), Soom, 4000-5000 ft. (F. H. Gravehj, June) ; Bhutan :
Maria Basti {L. Durel) ; Assam : Khasi Hills.

Type in M. Rene Oberthiir's collection.

93. Mimela subsericea.

Mimela subsericea, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i, 1908, p. 215.

Bright metallic green, with the lower surface and legs golden
green, and the tarsi more or less fiery copper-coloured.

The body is broadly oval, the legs short and stout, and the
whole upper surface is very strongly and densely punctured, but
moderately shining. The punctures are confluent on the clypeus
and at the sides of the head and pronotum. The clypeus is broad,
the eyes small and far apart. The lateral margins of the pro-
notum are evenly rounded, the front angles acute, the hind angles

I

114 EUTELIN^.

very obtuse, and tliere is a very narrow incomplete smooth line in
the" middle of tlie disk. There is a straight line of punctures on
each side of the elytral suture, leaving a quite smooth inner
margin to each elytron, aud slight traces of three or four other
smooth longitudinal lines upon each. The pygidium is strongly
hut less densely punctured. The prosternal process is rather
broad, the mesosternal process ])ointed but not produced, and the
front tibia has a very long blunt terminal tooth aud a slight
upper tooth.

Length, 14-15 mm. ; breadth, 8-9 mm.

Assam: Naga Hills {W. DoJierty); Burma: Euby Mines (W.
Dohertij), Mandalay (E. T. Afkinson).

Type in the British Museum ; co-type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

This species is nearly allied to the succeeding one (M. soror),
but smaller aud more densely punctured, except upon the pygidium,
M'hich is smoother and more shining. The mesosternum is not
distinctly produced as in that species, and the hind angles of
the pronotum are much more rounded.

94. Mimela soror.

Mimela soror, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i, 1908, p. 245.

This species is metallic green above and the antennae, legs and
lower surface are ferrugiueous and more or less suffused with
green. A small pale patch is vaguely traceable on each side
of the pygidium in certain lights.

The form is oval and convex. The clypeus is broadly I'ounded
aud coarsely rugose, the eyes small and the forehead strongly punc-
tured; the pronotutH is closely and coarsely punctured, aud densely
and rugosely at the sides, with the lateral margins strongly
rounded, the front angles acute aud the hind angles obtuse.
The scutellum is very minutely, and the elytra strongly, densely
and irregularly punctured, leaving only a narrow smooth sutural
strij) and slight vestiges of two or three others upon each.
The pygidium is strongly and thickly punctured, the punctures
becoming confluent at the sides, and the lower surface of the
body is smooth in the middle aud rugose and hairy at the sides.
The mesosternal process is sharp but very short, and the front
tibia (of the female) has a long bluut terminal tooth and a rather
feeble upper one.

The male is not known.

Len</th, 19-20 mm.; breadth, 10-5-11-5 mm.

Assam: Manipur ( 11^. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum,

It is closely allied to M. clirysoprasa, Hope, of Borneo and
the Malay Peninsula, but rather smaller, witli the pronotum a
little less strongly punctured, the scutellum more minutely, the
pygidium punctured instead of finely granulated, aud the femora
aud tibiae of a darker shade.

MIMELA. 225

95. Mimela terminalis, sp. nov.

Deep green, with a metallic lustre, which is almost absent from
the elytra, except at the margins, and with the clypeus, sides of the
profchorax, extremity of the pygidium and the abdomen golden
yellow, and the legs reddish yellow with the external edge of the
tibi86 green.

It is rather short and broad, with the widest part towards the
extremity of the elytra. The clypeus is broad, nearly straight in
front and closely rugose, aud the forehead and vertex are very
strongly and densely punctured. The pronotum is strongly and
closely punctured, rather rugosely at the sides, with an imperfect
smooth median line. The front angles are acutely produced,
the hind angles hlunt, and the base strongly trisinuate. The
scutellum is finely punctured. The elytra are closely and very
coarsely punctured, except in the anterior sutural part, where the
punctures are much finer. The pygidium is very densely and
rugosely punctured, especially at the sides, where it is broadly
impressed. Tlie mesosternum is produced into a short sharp
process, aud the metasternum is smooth in the middle and
densely punctured aud thinly clothed with tawny hair at the
sides. The front tibia is bidentate, the upper tooth rather
feeble.

c? . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is short and sharp
and the inner front claw dilated.

2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long and blunt

Length, 22 mm. ; breadth, 12 mm.

Bejkma : Karen Hills, 2900-3500 ft. (L. Feci, Dec).

Ti/pe in the Genoa Museum ; co-type in the British Museum

This resembles M. chrysoprasa, Hope, but differs from it in
the scarcely metallic elytra, with their feebler discoidal punc-
turation, the pale clypeus, sides of the thorax and extremity of
the pygidium, and the broad depressed form of the latter.

96. Mimela princeps.

Mimela princeps, Hope, Trans. Ent. Soc. Loud, iii, 1842 73 65 •

Burm., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 542. '

Mhiiela pachijgastra, Burm.,* Haudb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855 p 507
(n. syn.). ' ' "

Deep shining golden green, wath the lower surface, femora
and tibiae yellow; the extremities of the tibite, the tarsi and
sometunes the abdomen brown. There is an inconspicuous
narrow yellow stripe at each lateral margin of the pronotum
and a similar marginal stripe at the apex of the pygidium.

The body is shortly ovate, with the greatest ' width close to
the posterior end. The head is large, strongly and closely
punctured, with the clypeus rather small and rugose. The pro-
notum is closely punctured, confluently at the sides, with an
incomplete smooth median line; the front angles are sharply
produced and the hind angles rounded. The elytra are strongly,

i2

116 KUTELIN^,

closely and rather irregularly punctured, with four or five
imperfect double longitudinal series of punctures. The pygidium
is strongly but not closely punctured, the metasternum densely
punctured and very finely pubescent, and the abdomen punc-
tured at the sides. The mesosternal process is very short and
triangular and the front tibia is sharply bidentate.

2 . The extremity of the front tibia is long and spatulate.

Length, 25 mm. ; brt^adth, 15 mm.

N. Bengal : Siliguri (July — Indian Mus.) ; Sikkim : Kur-
seong, 5000 ft. ( VerschraegJien, FrnJistorfer), Gropaldhara, Rung-
bong Valley (//. Stevens); Bhutan {Capt. Pemherton); Assam:
Khasi Hills (Berlin Entom. Museum), Cachar {J. Wood-Mason) ;
Tonkin {R. V. de Salvaza).

'Type (Solly Coll.) unknown.

97. Mimela laevigata.

Mi7m^la Icevif/ata, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i, 1008, p. 242.

Entirely bright metallic green, with the upper surface rather more
golden green and the extreme edge of the elytral suture violet.

It is of elongate-oval form, smooth and shining, and almost
devoid of hairy clothing. The eyes are small and far apart,
the vertex of the head is finely and sparingly punctured, the
clypeus and forehead rather rugosely. The pronotum is scarcely
visibly punctured on its disk, but strongly and confluently at the
sides, which are gently rounded, the front angles acute, the hind
angles obtuse, and the base distinctly lobed in the middle. The
scutellum is short and smooth. The elytra are almost without
punctures on the inner half, but very strongly and irregularly
punctured on the outer half. The pygidium is very smooth,
only exhibiting a few punctures near its circumference. The
prosternal process is broad and triangular at the summit, and
the mesosternal process is moderately long but rather blunt.
The metasternum is smooth in the middle, coarsely and con-
fluently punctured at the sides. The front tibiae are without a
lateral tooth in either sex.

cJ . The club of the antenna is ratlier long.

Length, 21-22 mm. ; breadth, 12 mm.

Bengal: Eaniganj {A. Martin); Sikkim : ^Mungphu {E. T.
Atkinson); Assam: YjwasQOwg^Verschraeghen), 'lejpur {Desenne —
Pusa Coll.).

Type in the British Museum.

98. Mimela viridipes, sp. nov.

Deep metallic green above, including the tibiaj and tarsi, with
the lower surface and femora reddish, suffused with a me*^allic
green lustre.

It is shortly oval in shape, very convex, smooth and shining,
with a very thin clothing of short yellowish hair at the sides
of the body beneath. The head is large, with the eyes small

MIMELA. 117

and not prominent, as seen from above. The clypeus is short,
broadly rounded and rugosely punctured, and the forehead bears'
fine irregularly scattered punctures. The pronotum is thinly
and minutely punctured, with the sides gently rounded, the
front angles acutely produced, the hind angles very obtuse, and
the base gently rounded. The scutellum is grooved on each
side near the edge and bears a few scattered minute punctures.
The elytra have a juxta-sutural and two pairs of dorsal lines
of rather strong punctures, the three innermost lines very
deeply impressed at the posterior end, and the intervening
spaces are wide and irregularly punctured. The pygidium is
finely and sparingly punctured. The mesosternum is not pro-
duced. The metasternum is smooth in the middle and rugosely
punctured at the sides. The legs are moderately long, the front
tibia bidentate. the hind tibia inflated before the 'middle and not
much dilated at the extremity,

I know only the male.

Length, 15-5 mm. ; breadth, 9*5 mm.

Assam : Sylhet.

I'vpt in the British Museum.

The only other specimen I have seen is in the Paris Museum,
where it appears to have been confused by Blanchard with'
M. heterochropus, when drawing up the description of that species.

99. Mimela heterochropus,

Alimela heterochropus, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris, 1851

(1850), p. 19G.
Mimela hopei, Burui., Handb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855, p. 507.
Mimela splendens, Hope* (nee GvlL), Trans. Ent. See. Lend, i,

1836, p. 114.

Brilliant dark metallic green, with the femora and tibi» orancre-
red and the tarsi nearly black. "

The body is shortly ovate, with the greatest uidth considerably
behind the middle, very smooth and shining, and with a soft erect
pubescence at the sides of the metasternum. The clypeus is
finely but rather rugosely punctured, moderatelv short and
broad, with the margin broadly rounded at the sides and almost
straight in front. The forehead is finely and irregularly punc-
tured, with the eyes small and wide "apart, but moderately
prominent. The pronotum bears fine and rather scattered
punctures ; its front angles are acute, and the hind angles
distinct but not sharp. The scutellum is broad and feebly
punctured; the disk of each elytron bears two or three paired
series of punctures, rather fine anteriorlv, but becoming deeply
sulcate towards the extremities, and there is an irregularfy
punctured space on each side. The pygidium is lightly striolated
in the male and roughly punctured in the female. 'The meta-
sternum IS smooth and broadly chann<-lled in the middle and
densely punctured and pubescent at the sides. The abdomen

118 uvTtLmM.

bears scattered punctures and hairs. The mesosternum is not
produced. The front tibia lias a very slight lateral tooth, the
hind tibia is rather stout, and the two branches of the inner
front tarsal claw are very divergent.

(S . The club of the antenna is long, the inner branch of the
inner front tarsal claw is much dilated, and the pygidiutn is
much less strongly sculptured than in the female.

Length, 16-18 mm. ; breadth, 9'5-10 mm.

Nepal {Uardiviclce — type); Sikkim : Ging Lebong, 4500 ft.
{F. M. Hoivlett, June), Mungphu {E. T. Atkinson), Kurseong,
5000 ft., Gopaldhara, liungbong Valley {H. Stevens) ; Bhutan ;
N. Bengal: Siliguri (July); Assam: ]Naga Hills (W. Doherty);
Burma : Momeit ( W. Doherty), Dawna Hills, 2000 ft. (Col. &. T.
Bingham, Oct.) ; ToNKiN {R. V. de Salwtza).

Tijin in the Paris Museum ; that of M. splendens, Hope, in the
British Museuui.

1 have found three species mixed together under this name in
the Paris Museum, viz., the present species, M. splendens, Gyll.,
and M. viridipes, and it is possible that Blanchard actually drew
up his description from all three; but as that description applies
best on the whole to this insect, it will not be disputed, I think,
that his name should be bestowed upon it.

100. Mimela atkinsoni.

Mimela atkinsoni, A rrow, Ann. Mag. Niit. Hist. (8) i, ] 908, p. 244.

Very shining deep metallic olive-green above and below, except
the antennae, which are deep red.

The form is oval, convex and rather globular, with the head
relatively rather large, the legs short, the hind legs very thick and
the femora strongly arched. The clypeus is
strongly and almost rugosely, the forehead
and prothorax rather finely and moderately
closely, punctui'ed (but a little less closely
at the sides and base of the latter), the scu-
tellum very sparingly. The lateral margins
of the pronotum are gently rounded, tlie
front angles acute and the hind angles
rounded off. The elytra are minutely punc-
tured in nearly regular longitudinal lines, the
innermost of which are strongly impressed
Fig. 2fi. — Mimela at the posterior margins. The pygidium is
atkinsoni. rather deeply but not closely punctured, the

lower surface of the body almost smooth.
The prosternal process is large and the mesosternum not pro-
duced. The front tibia is bidentate.

The upper tooth of tlie front tibia is minute and obtuse in the
male and rather stronger in the female.

In the type specimen the outer margins of the elytra have a
rosy tint, which I have not seen in others.

iltMELA. Il9

Length, 13 mm,; breadth, 8 mm.
BuBMA : Pegu {E. T. Atkinson), Tavoy.

Tijpe in the British Museum ; co-type in Dr. Ohaus' col-
lection.

101. Mimela rugicauda, sp. n.

Deep non-metallic apple-green, with the pygidium slightly
metalhc and the lower surface and legs deep coppery red.

Elongate-oval, very convex, smooth and shining, with only a
very thin and inconspicuous clothing ol hair at the sides o£ the
body beneath and upon the pygidium. The head is not very
large and is rather scantily but not very finely punctured ; the
eyes are moderately prominent. The pronotum is very finely and
sparingly punctured, with the sides gently rounded, all the angles
nearly right angles, but the hind ones a little more obtuse, and
the base rather strongly lobed. The scutellum is almost un-
punctured. The elytra are very minutely and thinly punctured
in the anterior part, coarsely and rugosely in the posterior part,
with slight indications of impressed longitudinal lines. The
pygidium is very minutely and densely granulated, with a very
tine, scanty and inconspicuous clothing of hairs. The meso-
sternum is produced into a long acute process. The front tibia
is bidentate and the hind tibia is slightly dilated from base to
apex.

$ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is very long and
blunt, and the upper tooth very small.

Length, 18 mm. ; breadth, 10 mm.

SiKKiM : Kurseong, 6000 ft. {E. A. D'Abreu).

Type in the British Museum.

I have only seen a single female, presented by Mr. D'Abreu.

102. Mimela amabilis.

Mimela amahUis, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i, 1908, p. 242.

Deep green, very smooth and shining, with the legs and lower
surface metallic and the upper surface non-metallic, but with
a very faint rosy reflection generally visible at least in the
anterior part.

Very short, compact and convex, and only thinly clothed with
short hair at the sides of the metasternum. The head is large,
the eyes small, the clypeus broadly rounded and finely but rather
rugosely punctured. The forehead and pronotum are finely and
moderately closely punctured, the latter strongly and densely at
the sides ; the lateral margins are gently rounded, tlie front
angles acute, the hind angles rounded, and the base strongly
trisinuated. The scutellum is very sliort, but distinctly angu-
lated, and bears extremely minute punctures. The elytra are
lightly, minutely and thinly punctured in rows, the punctures on

1 20 EtJTELIN.5:.

the subsiitural intervcal being irregular. The pygidium is finely
punctured, a little more strongly at the sides. The inesosternum
is not produced in front of the coxae.

J . The front tibia has a rather long blunt apical tooth, but
only a vestige of a lateral one.

2 ' The front tibia is distinctly bidentate.

Length, 15-16 mm. ; breadth, 9*5 mm.

Burma: Karen Hills (Z/. Feet); Siam : 'Reuoug {W. Dohcrf}/).

Type iu the British Museum.

This species is very closely related to M. glabra, Hope, but
that is almost entirely devoid of puucturation upon the upper
surface.

103. Mimela glabra.

Mimela qlahra, Hope,* Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iii, 1842, p. 67 ;

Burm.', Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 543.
Mimela dotvnesi, Hope,* Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1842, p. 60 ; id.,

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, xi, 1843, p. 62.

Dark olivaceous non-metallic green above, witb the lower
surface and legs metallic, and more brilliant green, very smooth
and almost unpunctured above, and thinly clothed with rather
coarse yellow hair at the sides of the metasternum.

The body is small, shortly ovate and very convex. The clypeus
is short, broad, rounded in front and, with the forehead, bears a
few scattered indistinct punctures. The pronotum has a few
punctures near the front angles, which are very sharp ; other
punctures present are extremely fine and inconspicuous. The
scutellum is very short and obtuse and unpunctured, like the
elytra. The pygidium bears a few fine scattered punctures ; the
metasternum is very smooth in the middle and densely punc-
tured at the sides ; and the abdomen is coarsely punctured
laterally, each segment with a single row of punctures from
side to side. The mesosternum is not produced, and the front
tibia is sharply toothed at the end, but without an upper tooth.

(S . The club of the antenna is as long as the footstalk, and
the apex of the front tibia is very sharp and strongly curved.

Length, 12-16 mm. ; bi'eadth, 7-9 mm.

Assam : Khasi Hills (E. T. Atkinson, Sir Joseph Hooker, Col.
Godwin- Austen), Shillong.

Tyije iu the Oxford University Museum ; that of M. downesi in
the British Museum.

Both types were specimens taken by Dr. Cantor, the second
name being given to one inaccurately labelled " China."

104. Mimela dehaani.

Eachlora dehaani, Hope,* Ann. Nat. Hist, iv, 1840, p. 349.
Mimela decipiens, Hope,* Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iii, 1841, p. 66.

A^ery deep pea-green above, including the pygidium, and the
lower surface and legs of a uniform dark metallic green.

MIMELA, 1 21

The body is elongate-oval in shape and not vei'v convex. It is
exceedingh'^ smooth, the upper surface scarcely punctured, the
sides of the raetasteriium alone clothed with a fine greyish
pubescence. The liead is very finely punctured ; the clypeus
feebly punctate-rugose. The pronotuni, scutellum and elytra
are not perceptibly punctured, except at the sides of the first,
and the pygidium is very lightly punctured, scarcely at all in
the middle. The mesosternal process is short and triangular,
but rather sharp. The metasternum is densely punctured at
the sides and smooth in the middle, and the abdomen feebly
punctured at the sides. The legs are moderately stout and the
front tibia bears a feeble upper tooth in the female, absent in the
male. In the latter the club of the antenna is rather long.

Length, 19-25 mm. ; breadth, 12-14 mm.

Assam: Khasi Hills, 1000-3000 ft. {H. Maxivell Lefroy),
Cherrapunji (B. Warren, May); Bhui'AN (Caj)t. Pemherton);
SiKKiM : Darjiling {Fruhstorfer, March and April).

Types in the Oxford Museum.

105. Mimela marginalis.

Mimela marginalis, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i, 1908,
p. 242.

Deep non-metallic green, with the antennae, clypeus, legs, tlie
hind margins of the propygidium and pygidium, the outer
margins of the pronotum and elytra, and usually the extremity
of the abdome.i beneath, testaceous, more or less suffused with
metallic green ; the outer edges of the
tibiae and the tarsi dark coppery green.

The body is oval, very smooth, very
lightly punctured above, and thinly
clothed at the sides beneath with grey-
ish hair. The head is large, the eyes
small :ind far apart; the clypeus is broad
and finely rugose, the vertex, pronotum
and scutellum minutely and sparingly
punctured. The sides of the pronotum
are gently rounded, the front angles
acute, the hind angles well marked but
not sharp. The elytra are finely and rather
-pig. 21. —Mimela irregularly punctured, with a complete

line ot punctures upon each adjoimng the
suture and a few other imperfect lines. The pygidium is rather
more coarsely, but not deeply, punctured. The antennae are
long, the mesosternal process is short, but rather slender and
acute, and the front tibiae ai'e bidentate, the apical tooth being
blunt and long, and the lateral one short and rather sharp. The
inner claw of the front tarsus is rather widely cleft.
2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is very long.
Length, 19-23 mm. ; breadth, 12-13 mm.

122 ftTTTELiN^.

Bhutan; Sikkim : Mungphu {E. T. Atldnson), Darjiling {Ver-
schraeghen), Birch Hill, 6000-7000 ft. (June), Pashok, 2800 ft.
(Sept.), Kurseoufr, 5000 ft. (Indian Miis.), Gangtok, 6150 ft.
(Sept. — Indian Mns.), Sliamdang, 3000 ft. (Sept. — Indian Mus.) ;
Madras : Mercara, Coorg (Pusa Coll.).

Type in the British Museum.

106. Mimela mundissima.

Mimela mimdissima, Walker, Ann. ]Vlag. Nat. Hist. (3) iv, 1859,
p. 220.

Testaceous beneath, including the femora, and grass-green
above, sometimes witli a very faint pinkish flush, and margined
with a sharply-defined narrow yellow band completely sur-
rounding the dorsal surface, the clypeus and sometimes the
pygidium being yellow, with a greenish suffusion, and the tibiae
and tarsi coppery red.

The body is broadly ovate, with its greatest width near the
hinder extremit}^ not very convex, and very smooth and shining
above. The head is finely punctured, the clypeus short, broadly
rounded and nither rugosely punctured, the pronotum finely,
evenly, but more thinly at the sides. The scutellum is very short
and blunt, and punctured in the middle. The elytra are irre-
gularly and a little more coarsely jjunctured, with slight traces of
longitudinal lines. The pygidium is moderately strongly and
closely punctured. The metasternum is closely punctured at the
sides and clothed with pale yellow pubescence. The abdomen
is spar.sely punctured. The mesosternum is not produced. The
front tibia is bidentate.

S . The upper tooth of the front tibia is indistinct.

Length, 13-19 mm. : breadth, 8-5-11 mm.

Ceylon : Maskeliva {E. E. Green, March-April), Dikoya, 3800-
4200 ft. {G. Lewis, Hec.-Feb.), Uda Point {T. Bainbrigge Fletcher,
Sept.), Kelani Valley, ur. Colombo {W. Braine), Kandy.

Type unknown.

The types of this and seven other Coleoptera described at the
same time by Walker in an Appendix to his paper do not seem
to have been in the British Museum, and cannot be traced ; but,
unlike the other species, there appears to be no reasonable doubt
as to the identity of Mimela mundissima.

107. Mimela xanthorrhina.

Mimela xanthorrhina, Hope,* Coleopterist's Manna), i, 1837,
p. 120; Burm., Handb. Eut. iv, 1, 1844, p. 541.

Lower surface, legs and antennae testaceovis, with a very faint
metallic green lustre, upper surface light grass-green, with
reddish-yellow reflections, the clypeus paler, the sides of the
pronotum and elytra narrowly and not very sharply bordered
with yellow, and the end of the pygidium indefinitely yellow.

MIMBLA. 123

The body is ovate, very convex and shining. The cljpeus is
short, broadly rounded and moderately punctured. The forehead
and prouotuin are very finely punctured, the latter more scantily
at the sides. The scutellum is short and scantily punctured.
The elytra are ratlier strongly and closely punctured, and have
four double longitudinal rows of punctures, which become deeply
sulcate towards the posterior end. The pygidium is moderately
punctured. The metasternum is closely punctured at the sides
and clothed with short tawny hair, and the abdomen is rather
coarsely punctured at the sides. The mesosternum is not
produced and the front tibia is bidentate.

d . The club of the antenna is rather long.

Length, 15-17 mm.; breadth, 9-9-5 mm.

Madeas : Anamalai Hills (4700 ft.), Nilgiri Hills (Sir G. F.
Hampson), Coonoor, 6000 ft. {Oapt. Sewell, June), Travancore
(J. Castets, Sept.).

Ti/2)e in the Oxford Museum.

M. xantliorrhina has considerable resemblance to M.miuidissima,
but it is distinguishable by its pale quasi-translucent colour and
the yellow elytral border, which is less sharply defined, especially
behind.

108. Mimela anrelia, sp. nov.

Golden, with green and pink reflections, the clypeus rather
more green, and the abdomen and tarsi more or less brown.

The body is short and ovate, rather broad behind, and very
smooth and shining. The head is large, the clypeus broadly
semicircular and finely and densely rugose, the forehead finely
and closely punctured. The pronotum is rather short, finely
punctured (but more strongly and closely at the sides), with the
front angles acutely produced, the sides strongly rounded behind
and the hind angles obsolete. The elytra are moderately strongly
and evenly punctured, with three double rows of regular punc-
tures on the disk. The pygidium is finely and scantily punctured.
The mesosternum is not produced, the metasternum is rugulose
and thujly clothed with fine pale hair at the sides, and the abdo-
men is bare and shining. The front tibia is armed with two
strong teeth, and the hind tibia is inflated before the middle and
rather narrow at the extremity.

6 . The inner front claw is strongly bent, broad and widely
cleft.

Lenyth, 21 mm. ; breadth, 12 mm.

Burma : on the Siamese border (K. G. Gairdner).

Type in the British Museum.

I have seen only a single specimen.

This species greatly resembles the Chinese M. testaceoviridis, Bl.,
but is rather larger, with the puncturing of the elytra a little less
coarse and the hind angles of the prothorax rounded olf.

124 ETTTBLIN^.

109. Mimela inscripta.

A^ioniala inscripta, Nonfr., Berl. Ent. Zeits. xxxvi, 1892, p. 236.
Mimela crocea. Oliaus,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1902, p. 55.
Mimela co.ralis, Uhaus,* 1. c. p. 54.

Straw-coloured, with a slight pinkish flush (sometimes becoming
slightly metallic), the clypeus and tarsi fiery crimson. There is a
round spot on each side of the forehead of a reddish mahogany
colour and an M-shaped mark (sometimes interrupted in the
middle) upon the pronotum. The larger part of the lower surface
of the body, a large patch upon each of the middle and hind
femora, and the hind tibiae are crimson or mahogany-red. In
some cases streaks of this colour appear also upon the elytra,
or they may be entirely suffused with it.

The body is oval, very convex, and very smooth and shining.
The clypeus is straight in front, subquadrate, not broad, rather
closely punctured ; the forehead finely and irregularly punctured.
The pronotum is lightly punctured in the
middle and very smooth at the sides, all
the angles being distinct but not sharp.
The scutellum is nearly equal-sided and
scarcely punctured. The elytra are very
lightly and scantily punctured, some of
the discoidal punctures forming longi-
tudinal rows, which become deeply im-
pressed behind. The pygidium is pointed
and a little inflexed at the apex beneath
Fig. 28.— Mimela ^^d bears fine scattered punctures. The
inscripta. metasternum is smooth in the middle

and closely punctured at the sides, where
there is a very thin pubescence. The abdomen bears a few
punctures. The mesosternum is rather sharply pointed and
minutely produced. The legs are short and stout, and the front
tibia uuidentate, the upper tooth being represented only by a
slight siuuation of the outer edge; the hind femur is extremely
short and rounded, \\ ith the posterior edge distinctly emarginate.
A specimen from Siam in the British Museum is entirely deep
blood-red, except the sides of the pronotum, the middle of the
scutelkim and a patch on each hind femur, which are cream-
coloured, the pale sides of the pronotum each bearing a small
red spot.

S . Rather shorter in form than the female, and with the club
of the antenna rather long.

Length, 12-21 mm.; breadth, 7-11 mm.

Bengal : lianchi ( W. H. Irvine), Barway {Pere Cardon —
Berlin Ent. Mus.), Chota Nagpur, No^atoli (Pere Cardon,
Aug. & Sei)t. — Paris Museum) ; Burma : Tavoy ; Siam ; Tonkin :
Pak-Lay (11. V. de Salvaza) ; Perak.

Types of M. inscripta, crocea and coxalis in Dr. Ohaus' col-
lection.

MIMELA. 125

Probably this species will prove to be very widely distributed.
It varies remarkably in size, but is rather constant in its curious
pattern. The beautiful metallic crimson suffusion is probably
always present in the living insect, but is not always persistent.

110. Mimela bicolor,

Miniela bicolor, Hope,* Trans. Eiit. Soc. Lend, i, 1836, p. 116-

Burm., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 542.
Mimela similis, Hope,* 1. e.

Upper surface and pygidium pinkish yellow or red, with the
head and the sides of the pronotum bright metallic-red, and the
legs and lower surface (except the prothorax beneath) generally
entirely greenish or bluish black, but less frequently pale, except
the middle of the metasternum, base of the abdomen, aud the
tarsi.

It is a small, short, ovate species, very smooth and shining,
and almost devoid of hair, the sides of the metasternum only
bearing fine and scanty greyish pubescence. The head is scantily
punctured, the clypeus broad and rugosely punctured, with its
extreme margin green. The pronotum is very finely and incon-
spicuously punctured, very short, witli its sides strongly narrowed
towards the front, and the front angles acute. The scutellum is
broad and very shghtly punctured. The elytra bear longitudinal
rows of very fine punctures, the interval between the 1st and 2ud
rows being broad and irregularly punctured. The pygidium is
very smooth and sparingly punctured, and the lower surface very
smooth and shining in the middle and finely and fairly closely
punctured at the sides. The mesnsternum is not produced, but
forms a minute sharp tubercle in front. The legs ai-e not long,
and the front tibia forms a long sharp terminal tooth, the upper
tooth being scarcely perceptible.

cJ . The antennal club is rather long.

Length, 12-14 mm. ; breadth, 8-9 mm.

SiKKiM : Kurseong, GOOO ft. {E. A. JJ'Abreu, VerscJiraeqJien) ;
Nepal (types) ; Assam ( W. F. Bacljley), Pedong {A. Desyodins). '

Types in the British Museum.

The colouring, although variable, is very distinctive and peculiar,
and the outline also is very inconstant, some (male) specimens
being extremely short relatively. The variability of the colourino-
of the upper surface is perhaps due to a darkening of the delicate
rosy-yellow tint after death, but in fresh specimens the elytra are
rather lighter than the rest of the upper surface.

111. Mimela cyanipes.

Paracrusis cycmtpcs, Newm., Maj^. Nat. Hist, iii, 1839, p. 366-

Hope, Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii, p. 597, pi. 40, fig. 5.
Miinela cyanipes, Burm., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 289.
Mimela ylobosa, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1905, p. 88.

Bright red above and beneath, with a slight metallic lustre

126 KUTELra^E.

the club of the antenna dark, and the tibise and tarsi metallic
blue-black.

It is very shortly oval and convex, almost globular in shape,
very smootli and shining and almost devoid of hair, and the legs,
especially the hind ones, are short and stout. Tlie clypeus is
rather broad, nearly straight in front, rounded at the sides, and
moderately closely punctured. The eyes are rather small and
remote, and the forehead is finely punctured. The pronotum is
very short, strongly narrowed in front, finely but distinctly punc-
tured, with the sides gently rounded, the front angles acute and
the hind angles very blunt. The scutellum is small and finely
punctured, and the elytra bear faint longitudinal lines of minute
punctures. The pygidium and the sides of the metasternum are
finely and moderately closely punctured, and the mesosternum is
not produced. The front tibia bears only a single long and curved
terminal tooth, and the hind femur, tibia and tarsus are very
short and broad.

There is a single female specimen in the British Museum.

Length, 12-5-13 mm. ; breadth, 8*5-9 mm.

Assam (type); Bukma : Mergui {E. T. Atkinson)-, Toxkik :
Hagiang {li. V. de Salvaza, May).

The type (" in Mr. Solly's collection ") cannot be traced, but
the specimen in the British Museum, from which the above
description has been made, agrees well with AVest wood's drawings
of it. Hope and, following him, Burmeister, have described the
head as black, but this is from a careless reading of Newman's
" capitulo nigro," referring to the club of the antenna.

M. f/lobosa, Ohaus, is apparently this species, and the M. ci/anipes
with wliich he has compared it, and which he describes as having
bidentate front tibite, is probably M. bicolor. Ohaus' type is
said to be mox'e strongly punctured than the other species, but in
this respect ill. bicolor is remarkably inconstant and M. rynnipes
may be the same.

Genus ANOMALA.

Anomula, Samouelle, The Entomologist's Useful Companion, 1819,

p. 191 ; Burm., Handb. Eat. iv, 1, 1844, p. 230 ; Lacordaire,

Gen. Col. iii, 1856, p. 328.
Euchlora, Macleay, Horaj Ent., part 1, 1819, p. 147.— Type,

Mehdontha viridis, F.
Phylloperfhft, Stephens, 111. Brit. Ent., Mandib. iii, 18.30, p. 223.—

Type, Scarnlceus horticola, L. (n. syn.).
Rhombonyx, Hope, Coleopt. 3Ian. i, 1837, p. 106.— Type, Meloluntha

holosericea, F.
Aprosterna, Hope, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. i, 183.5, p. 117. — Type,

Mimi'la nigricans, Kirby.
Lliocneina, Falderman, Mem. Acad. Petersb. ii, 1835, p. 378. —

Type, I. sulcipennis, Fald.
Rhi'noplia, Burmeister, Handb. Enl. iv, 1, 1844, p. 232. — Type,

Meloluntha dorsalis, E.
Heteroj)Ha, id., 1. o. p. 233.— Type, 31. elata, F.
Spilota, id., 1. c, p. 266. — Type, M. marginata, F.

ANOMALA. 127

Callistethus, Blancliard, Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris, 1851 (1850),

p. 189. — Type, Mimela mironitens, Hope.
Singhala, id., I.e. — Type, S. teuella, Bl. (ii. syii.).
Adorctosoma, id., 1. c. p. 1^34. — Type, A. eleymts, lU
Phylloperthina, Motschiilsky, Bull. Soc. Eut. Mo8C. ii, ISO."], p. 468.

— Type, Siuf/hala tenella, Bl. (n. syn.).
PseiulosiiKjhala, Heller, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1891, p. 294. — Type,

P. vorstmamii, Hell. (n. syn.).
Hadropopillid, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 289. — Type,

PopilKa reyina, Newm.
Poecilosticta, id., 1. c. p. 290. — Type, Mimela variei/ata, Walk.
IsclmopopiUin, id., 1. c. p. 292. — Type, Popillia e.varata, Fairni.
Euchrysinda, Reitt., Verh. Ver. Brunn. xli, 190.3, p. 80. — Type,

PhyUopcrtha chinensis, Redt. (n. syn.).
Blitopertha, id., 1. c. p. 85. — I'vpe, Melolontha Uneata, F. (n. syn.).
Spileuchlora, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1903, p. 209.— Type,

S. waterstraadti, Oh. (u. syn.).
Spinmiomala, id., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. liv, 1910, p. 213. — Type,

5. unispinosa, Oh.
Paraspilota, Bates, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. .374.— Type, P. im-

picta, Bates.

Type, Melolonilm cenea, De G.

Bange. Almost universal, but not found in Madagascar, Aus-
tralia (except the widely-dispersed Anomala aniiqua), New Zealand,
or S. America west of the Andes.

Form extremely variable, sometimes short and globose, some-
times very long and narrow, with stout, moderate or very long
and .slender legs. The surface may be extremely smooth and
shining, or strongly sculptured and opaque, and sometimes
entirely clothed witli hair. The membranous external fringe of
the elytra is always distinct and in some species considerably
developed. The clypeus is transverse, rounded or straiglit in
front, rarely at all excised and never produced or rostriform.
The eyes are prominent and sometimes very large. Tlie pro-
thorax is transverse, generally slightly lobed and never excised
in front of the scutellum, and with or without a complete marginal
stria at the base. The prosternum is not, or only very little,
elevated behind the front coxa> ; in a few species (e. g, A. anopunc-
tata and (enigma) it forms a small acute vertical process, but is not
bent forward between the front coxae as in the genus Mimela. The
mesosternum is most commonly not produced between the middle
coxae, but occasionally forms a process of varying shape, some-
times very short and rounded {A. ebena), sometimes slender and
sharply pointed. The legs are very variable in development ; the
front tibia is armed with one, two, or three teeth and bears a
single spur at the base of the tarsus ; the middle and hind tibiae
may be long or short, but are generally spinose externally, and
each bears two terminal spurs; the tarsi are generally moderately
long, the claws always entire upon the hind feet, the longer one
of the front feet, or of the front and middle feet, cleft, or all
entire. The labrum is bilobed, not prominent, horizontal in
position and not presenting a face at right angles to the clypeus.

128 RUTELIX^.

The mandible is short and rounded, concealed when in repose,
produced inlo several teeth at the tip, and bears a large,
strongly-ridged, molar surface at the base. The maxilla is short
and strong, generally bearing five sharp and nearly equal teeth,
one of them terminal, the others in pairs behind, and all parallel.
The palpi are 4-iointed, the last joint long. The mentum is
approximately quadrate, feebly bilobed in front, with short,
3-jointed palpi.

The apical tooth of the front tibia is usually shorter and sharper
in the male than in the female, and the inner front claw more or
less dilated. The club of the antenna is sometimes very long in
the male, and the eyes may also be enlarged. Sexual difterences
are also found in different species in the coloration, sculpture of
the elytra or pygidium, tlie hairy clothing of the latter, the form
of the clypeus, margins of the elytra, spurs of the hind tibia, and
other features. These have been referred to more fully in the
introduction to this volume.

In classifying the species of Anomala I have regarded as of
primary importance a feature to which little attention has been
paid hitherto, viz., the presence or absence of a complete marginal
stria at the base of the pronotura. This is found in all those
forms which may be regarded as the more primitive types of
Anomala, but has disappeared from the more characteristically
Oriental viridis and grandis group and the species allied to it.
In this section the claws are all of one type (the longer front and
middle claws cleft), but in the section with a complete mai-ginal
stria a great diversity of claw-structure occurs. Though un-
doubtedly important, the marginal stria cannot be treated as of
o-eneric value, for the members of the tesiacea and agilis groups
which are separated by this character approach each other very
closely and intermediates may be expected to occur. In the
merula group of species both forms are found, and, like every
other feature of this enormous genus, it may appear in a transi-
tional state. In the few Indian species whose allocation on that
account may seem a little dubious, if the sti-ia is not absolutely
complete, it is at least indicated by a distinct row of puuctures
and the actual edge is a little reflexed.

The genus has been subdivided into very numerous genera :ind
subo-enera by different authors, all of whom have based their
systems upoii the species of some restricted region (like that of
Reitter upon the Palsearctic, and that of Casey on the Nearctic
species) or upon series of species forming only a minute fraction
of those now known (as in the schemes of Blanchard, Hope and
others). The characters employed invariably break down when
applied to other species or faunas than those upon which they
were founded.

It would have been easy to apply names (generic or subgeneric)
to the sections into which the Indian species of Anomala are
divided in the following table but I have not done so because, in
my opinion, it would merely add to the existing confusion and,

ANOMALA. 129

without in any way assisting those concerned with the Indian
fauna, put serious obstacles in the path of those who have
occasion in the future to study the luimerous alUed inhabitants
of other regions of which we are as yet almost entirely ignorant.
Many entomologists are in the habit of multiplying genera
wherever the number of species ranged under a single name
appears to them to be too large, but the distinctions in many
such cases are so slight and so liable to become obliterated as
additional forms become known that no real advantage is gained.
The more numerous the allied species occurring in Nature the
less appreciable are the breaks separating them and the larger
must be the assemblages which are the real equivalents of the
genera recognised in other groups of animals less numerous in
species. Although the limits of genera must be arbitrarily fixed,
they are worthless if applicable only to the representatives from
a particulai- region, and any general dismemberment of a wide-
spread genus in a work devoted to a special fauna seems to me
ill-advised. The existence of a multitude of species under a single
generic name certainly renders it very desirable to reduce them
to order, but it is certain that, whether all or only a part of the
species are dealt with, it is quite possible to bring them into an
orderly system, by which they may with due care be accurately
determined, without the introduction of new names which maV
become, as an ever-increasing number does become, a mere
encumbrance in the future.

There is one feature w hich all who have attempted a sidjclivision
of Anomala have agreed in regarding as an important generic
character, viz., the presence or absence of a mesosternal process,
but, after a long-continued effort to accept the existence of a
process as distinguishing n separate genus (Spiloia), I have been
finally obliged to abandon it, the Indian species alone shovvino-
this part in practically every stage, from the slender spike of
A, awonitens to its virtual disappearance in A. i^yrosctlis. Casey
has attempted to meet this difficulty in the American species by
using, in combination with the presence or absence of a process,
the persistence or otherwise of the suture between the meso-
and metasternum. This suture he finds to be obliterated in
the group with a produced mesosteruum ; but, u hile this is
true of the majority of species, there are certain forms, e. g.,
A. roseiti, Nonfr., and A. isolata. Arrow, in which, though the
mesosteruum is produced, the suture is not obliterated ; nor is
it possible to avoid the dilennna by grouping the recalcitrant
species togettier in yet another genus, for they are certainly not
closely related.

About nine hundred species of Anomala have been described
in all, and, in my opinion, in the interests of a practical and con-
sistent classification, no alternative at present exists to treating
them as a single genus.

In such an immense mass of species there must be some
diversity of habits, but all those of which we have any infor-

E

130 KUTELIN.E.

mation speud their larval life feeding upon the roots of grasses,
cereals, sugar-cane, etc., sometimes causing considerable damage.
The life-history of A. polita, Blanch. (? Anomala varians) has been
described in detail by Mr. II, Maxwell Lefroy and is recapitulated
in the Introdnction to this volume.

The following species, although they have been catalogued as
Indian, are not here included for the reasons given : —

Melolontha femoralis, Oliv., is not recognisable.

M. palleola, (Tyll. The habitat is given as " Ind. Or.," a
term of uncertain import. Burmeister regarded the species as
svnonymous with A. variegata, Hope, but Hope confused more
than one species under that name.

M. semivirens, Gyll. The habitat is not recorded.

M. i/psllon, VVied. This is Anomala iialUda, F., a species from
Java.

Euchlora aureola, Hope, said to have been brought from Burma,
appears to be really confined to the Malayan Region.

Anomala crihrata, Blanch., appears to be a Sumatran species.

A. davauceU, Blanch., attributed to Bengal, is really the
Malayan A. cuprascens, Wied.

xi. elegans, Blanch., is a Chinese insect.

A. ohsoleta, Blanch. (-'Ind. Or."), is probably from Siam. It
has been recently reported (by Leefmans) from Java, but this
requires confirmation.

A. iiifixa, Walker (Ceylon). The type is unknown and the
species cannot be identified.

A. puiicfatissima, Walk., is a species of Apogonia (Melolon-

THIK^).

A. hraehi/pus. Bates. The type-specimen is conspecific with
the Malayan A. hreviceps. Sharp. I have already recorded the
fact that other species desi-ribed by Bates in the same paper as
from the Punjab are really Malayan.

A. holomelmia, Bates, is another Malayan insect.

A. imiiatrue, Nonfr. I cannot identify this, and it is likely
that, as in many other cases, Nonfried has made some error.

I have divided the Indian species of Anomala into six sections,
tliree of which contain the great majority of the species. The
sections may be distinguished as follows : —

1 (10) Mesosternum without an iutercoxal pro-

cess.

2 (5) Clypeus of the male with sharp front

angles ; elytra of the female angularly
dilated.

3 (4) Smnll species, with bidentate front tibia. Section I, p. ]31.

4 (3) Large species, with tridentate front tibia. Section II, p. L36.

5 (2) Clypeus of the male with rounded or

obtuse front angles : elytra of the
female not angularlv dilated.

ANOMALA. 131

6 (9) [lind legs not extremely massive ; pro-

notum not strongly attenuated in
front.

7 (8) Base of the pronotiim completely mar-

gined Section III, p. 137.

8 (7) Base of tlie pronotum not completely

margined Section IV, p. 1 99.

9 (6) Hind legs extrensely massive ; pronotum

strongly attenuated in front Section V, p. 237.

10 (1) Mesosternum produced between tlie

middle coxae Section VI, p. 239.

Section I.

The stoutly-built abdomen and very short elytra, the uniformly
rounded base of the pronotum, and still more the curious shape
of the clypeus of the male, ^ive the small species allied to
A. tenella, Bl., and A. hindn, Hell., a ])eculiar aspect, and have led
to their being formed into a separate genus, Singhala. I have
not been able to adopt this, however, for no substantial differ-
ential characters can be found for it, except the sexual features
in the clypeus of the male and the elytral dilatation of the female,
both of which recur in Anomnlo doi'salix, F. (constituting
Section II), to which, in spite of ifs very different size and
shape, these little species seem to show an interesting relation-
ship. A. dorsalis, F., however, cannot naturally be dissociated
from the dull-coloured group of Anomalas with three-toothed
front tibiae forming part of Section III, and its points of differ-
ence from the Siaghala group are as important as its ]3oints of
similarity.

Key to the Species.

1 (4) Not metallic.

2 (3) Pronotum densely punctured hiiidii, Hell., p. 1;>1.

3 (2) Pronotum not densely punctured .... helleri, Oil., p. 132.

4 (1) Metallic.

■5 (6) Clypeus rugose ; pronotum closely

punctured tenella, Bl., p. 133.

G {h\ Clypeus separately punctured ; pro-
notum sparsely punctured.

7 (8) Body narrowly oval polymorpltd, Arr., p. 134.

8 (7) Body broadly oval rubusta, Oh., p. 135,

112. Anomala liindii.

Singhala hindu, Heller,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1891, p. 291.

Blood-red, witli the forehead and vertex of the head black, and
frequently also with a dark patch upon the pronotum behiucl the
head ; or with the whole discoidal part of the pronotum and parts
of the outer margins of the elytra black ; or entirely black, except
the femora and narrow lateral margins to the prothorax.

k2

132 BDTELINJE.

Compact and convex, with broad elytra, very smooth and

shining, and almost devoid of hair. The head and pronotum

are finely, evenly and densely punctured.

The sides of the pronotum are strongly

rounded, the front angles nearly right

angles, the hind angles very obtuse, the

base simply and gently rounded in an uni-

i/ ttR^ "fl'HB ^^ ^ IfSYva. curve, and very finely margined. The

r M^' ii^^Mt \ scutellum bears a few punctures, and the

t jSSm^^M^^KtX.^ elytra strongly impressed lines of rather

coarse punctures, those of the second line

being bx'oken up in the anterior half aud

broadly scattered ; the apical margins are

_ separately rounded. The pygidium is rather

^^' Hindu "^ ^^"'' sparingly punctured, and the metasternum

still more so. The front tibia is armed with

two sharp teeth, and the longer front and middle claws are cleft.

S . The clypeus is shining and sparingly punctured, strongly

dilated and retlexed in front, with the front margin notched in

the middle aud produced outwardly on each side. The front

tibia is broad, its teeth extremely sharp, the front tarsus greatly

shortened and thickened, the last joint very large, and the inner

claw dilated and bent at the base.

2 . The clypeus is rugosely punctured and not shining, rather
broad and rectangular, with its front margin nearly straight and
strongly reflexed. The elytra are dilated and thickened near the
middle of the outer margins.

Lemith, 5-6-5 mm. ; breadth, 3-3-5 mm.

Ceylo^,-: Balangoda, 1776 ft. {O. Lewis, March), Kandy {E. E.
Green, Oct.).

Type in the Dresden Museum.

Mr. Lewis found this upon Hibiscus flowers.

113. Anomala helleri.

Singhnla helleri, Ohaus,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1905, p. 90.

Orange-red or chocolate-brown, with the clypeus and lower
surface, except the tarsi and abdomen, pale.

It is ovate and convex, smooth and shining, with only a very
fine and scanty clothing of hairs upon the lower surface. The
head and pronotum are finely and rather evenly, but not closely,
punctured. The latter is strongly rounded at the sides, the front
angles are nearly right angles, but not sharp, the hind angles are
nearly obsolete, and the base is gently aud uniformly rounded in
a single curve, with a fine marginal line, which is interrupted
in the middle. The scutellum bears a few fine punctures, and the
elytra have each seven rather closely placed dorsal rows of strong
aud close punctures, the second row disrupted at the base ; the
membranous margin is moderately broad. The pygidium and
metasternum are rather coarsely punctured. Tlie front tibia is

ANOMALA. 133

armed with two strong sliarp teeth, and the longer claw of the
front and middle feet is cleft.

c?. The cljpeus is dilated and strongly reflexed in front, its
fi'out margin broad and only very feebly curved, the angles
forming sharp outwardly directed teeth. The front tibia is broad
and its teeth short, the front and middle tarsi are rather
thickened, and the inner front claw dilated and rather long.

2 • The clypeus is short and broad, and the elytra have a
slight thickened horizontal flange at the outer margin behind
the shoulder.

Length, 7-8 mm. ; breadth, 4 mm.

Madras : Mahe, Malabar.

T>/2^e ((S) in Dr. Ohaus' collection, $ in the Dresden Museum.

114. Anomala tenella.

Smghala tenella, Blanch., Cat. Coll. Eut. Mas. Paris, 1851 (1850),

p. 198.
Omaloplia semieincta, Walker,* Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) iii, 1859,

p. 55.
Phylloperthina scutellata, Motch., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou,

1863, p. 169; id., op. cit. 1861, pi. 9, fig. 25.
Singhala vidua, Heller, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1891, p. 294 ; Ohaus,

op. cit. 1905, p. 90.

Orange or bright testaceous yellow, suffused above and beneath
with a golden green or coppei-y lustre. The forehead and vertex,
the pronotum (except its outer and hind margins), the scutellum
(generally), the elytral suture, outer and posterior margins and
a conspicuous transverse patch surrounding the scutellum are
black. Parts of the metasternum, the posterior half of the hind
tibia and the tarsi are also dark-coloured.

It is a minute species, with very short and broad elytra and
I'ather convex form. The surface is shining
and almost without hair above and beneath.
The head is strongly and closely punctured,
the pronotum closely, evenly and rather
finely, with its base rounded in a single
uniform curve, the sides gently rounded,
the front angles acute, and the hind angles
almost obsolete ; the basal marginal stria is
not complete. The scutellum is very short
and broad and well punctured. The elytra
bear a sutural and five discoidal lines of
separate punctures and finer scattered punc-
Fig. 30.— Anomaia tures on the intervals ; the apical edges are
tenella, J. separately I'ounded, the sutural angles al-

most obsolete and the membranous margins
moderately wide. The pygidiuin and the sides of the metasternum
are rather coarsely and rugosely punctured. The front tibia is
armed with two strong teeth, and the larger claw^ of the front
and middle feet is cleft.

134 KUTELlNJi;.

6 . The cl3q)eus is coarsel}' punctured and shining, dilated in
front, strongly reHexed, with its front margin gently excised
in the middle and a little produced outwardly on each side. The
front tibia is broad, its teeth sharp, the front tarsus shortened
and thickened, the last joint very large and the inner claw
strongly bent, with a much dilated lower lobe.

2 . The clypeus is broad and transverse, granulated and opaque,
with the front margin only slightly reflexed and the angles
rounded. The elytra are a little dilated just before the middle
and there is a slight thickening of the outer margins at the
widest part.

Length, 4'o-6 nmi. ; breadth, 2'5-3'5 mm.

Ceylon: Diyatalawa (7'. Bainhrirjge Fletcher, Sept.), Kotmak
(/i*. E. Green), Balangoda {G. Leivis, March), Bogawantalawa
(G. Leivis, March and April), Galle (F. Boria, May).

Type in the Paris Museum ; that of 'S'. vidua in the Berlin
Entomological Museum ; and of 0. semicincta in the British
Museum .

Mr. E. E. Green found this species in great numbers destroying
te.i-plants.

Erom a specimen compared with the type, which Dr. Ohaus
kindly sent to me, A. vidua appears to have been based upon a
pale specimen of A. teneUct in which all the dark markings are
absent.

115. Anomala polymorpha.

Anomala (Shir/hala) polymorphn, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8)
viii, 1911, p. 486.

A comparatively large species of similar form to ^1. helleri,
Ohaus, but distinguished by its pale ground-colour and metallic
lustre. The head and clypeus are more strongly, and the
pronotum much more lightly punctured.

Eive specimens of this species taken by jMr. H. L. Andrewes
are all different in colour. All have a yellow ground-colour, with
a slight golden lustre upon the upper surface : —

(a) is a female, entirely yellow, with the head and pronotum a
little more orange ;

(h) is a female, with a vague crescentic brow n mark on each
side of the pronotum ;

(c) is a male, with the head behind the eyes, a circular patch
in the middle of the pronotum, the suture (narrowly), basal
(broadly) and external margins of the elytra and the basal
segments of the abdomen dark ;

(d) is a female, with the head behind the eyes, the pronotum,
except the lateral margins, and the elytra dark ;

(e) is a female, with the elytra alone dark.

It is oval, not very convex, and almost devoid of hairy clothing.
The head and clypeus are rather strongly but not rugosely punc-
tured, the pronotum very lightly and sparingly punctured an

ANOMALA. 135

shining, with the sides and base gently rounded, the hitter very
narrowly margined and the hind angles obsolete. The scutellum
is distinctly punctured, and the elytra bear rows of rather close
strong punctures. The pygidium is strongly and moderately
closely, the metasternum very coarsely, and the abdomen rather
strongly, punctured. The front tibia is strongly bidentate and
the longer claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

Length, 7*5-8 mm. ; breadth, 4 mm.

Madras: Nilgiri Hills (H . L. Andrewes) ; Sanivarsandai, Coorg,
4000 ft. {T. V. Eamah-ishna, April).

Tyjje in the British Museum.

116. Anoinala robusta.

Singhala 7-obustri, Ohaus.
Testaceous, with the forehead and vertex, the pronotum (except
a line marginal line), the extreme edges of the elytra_(the lateral
mnrgins a little more Avidely), and the tarsi black, with a slight
metallic lustre ; or entirely bluish- or greenish-black.

It is oval in shape, dilated beyond the shoulders, and very
smooth and shining. The head is finely,
but not densely punctured, and the pro-
notum very finely, but a little more
strongly towards the sides. The lateral
margins of the latter are strongly rounded,
the front angles scarcely acute, the hind
ym » ^ angles very blunt, and the base gently

C Tffi W\^' I'ownded and not completely margined.

The scutellum is finely punctured, and the
elytra are dilated laterally in the anterior
part and bear moderately close but rather
_ irregular lines of strongly impressed punc-

.,. oi / ., / tures, fhe subsutural interval broad and

his. 31.— A?ioma/ a . ', , ^ i i. • i rri

Tolmsta,S' irregularly punctured anteriorly, i he py-

gidium is moderately coarsely and closely
pitted. The front tibia is bidentate, the "hind tibia moderately
stout, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

S. The clypeus is a little produced, with a broad, nearly
straight, laterally dilated and strongly reflexed front edge and
sharp angles. The legs are stout, the teeth of the front tibia
very sharp, the front tarsus thick and the inner front claw
broadly dilated.

2 . The clypeus is entirely rounded : the lateral margins of
the elytra are a little thickened behiiul the shoulders ; the ter-
minal" tooth of the front tibia is long and blunt, and the hind
tibia is a little dilated at the end.

Length, 8-9 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Madeas : Traviincore.

The male specimen is i)ale, u ith dark markings, and the female
entirely dark, but it is possible that the coloration is inconstant.

136

ilUTELllS'J:.

This species has been described from an example of each sex
submitted to me b}' Dr. Ohaus in 1914 with the then unpublished
name Sim/Jiala rolnista. Owing to the war, the specimens have
remained in the custody of the British Museum. I have no
knowledge whether the name has been published or nob.

Section II.
This section contains onl}'^ a single species.

117. Anomala dorsalis. (Plate II, fig. 21.)

Mvlulonthu dorsalis, Fabr., Syst. Eut. 1775, p. 35 ; id. Syst. Eleuth.

ii, 1^01, p. IGS; llerbst, K'atursvst. Kaf. iii, 1790, p. 64, pi. 22,

iig. 12.
MeUdontha pallida, Oliv., Entom. i, 5, 1789, p. 25, pi. 9, fig. 103.
Anojnala donalis, Buriu., llandb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 232.
Var. Anomala fraterna , Barm., 1. c.

Var. Anomala cc/dralis, Nonfr.,* Berl. Ent. Zeits. 1893, p. 335.
? Anomala imitatrix, Nonfr., Ent. Nachr. xx, 1894, p. 12.

Testaceous or reddish, generally with the vertex of the head,
the elytral suture, the hind tibise and the tarsi blackish, or with
a broad sutural stripe, or with the upper surface largely or
entirely black.

The body is moderately elongate, not very convex, nor very

shining, with a very scanty clothing of

/ --, short yellow hairs beneath. The clypeus

n ^J^^v' fi ^^^ forehead are densely, scarcely rugosely,

punctured. The pronotum is very minutely

and thinly punctured, with the sides

strongly rounded, the front angles not

acute, the hind angles very obtuse, and

the base completely margined and scarcely

sinuated. The scutellum bears a few fine

punctures and the elytra are strongly and

irregularly punctured, with a juxta-sutural

line and four or five double rows of regular

punctures. The pygidium is minutely

Ficr. d'i.—Aiwma.la '^"^^ sparingly punctured, the metasternum

dorsalis. rather finely and not very closely, and the

ventral segments bear each a transverse

row of punctures. The mesosternum is not pointed. The fi'ont

tibia bears two sharp teeth and a feeble upper one, and the

longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

6 • The cly|)eus is slightly produced, with the front mai'gin
straight and strongly reflexed aud the angles rectangular. The
front tarsus is thickened and the inner claw broad, moderately
sharp and deeply cleft. Tlie pygidium is convex.

$ . The clypeus is straight in front and strongly reflexed, with
the angles rounded. The elytra have a slight, almost angular,

AifoMALA. 137

ilange a little before the middle of the outer margin. The
pygidium is fiat and oblique.

Length, 14-17 mm. ; breadth, 8-9 mm.

Madras: Coimbature {T. B. Fletcher, 8ept., Oct.), Bangalore,
300U ft.; Bombay: Surat (June), Khandesh, Dhulia (June);
Central Provinces: Nagpur {E. A. d'Abreu); Punjab: Lyail-
pur (July), Amballa (July) ; United Provinces : Dehra Dun
(Sept.); Bengal: Pusa (H. M. Lefroy, May, June), Chapra
(il/ac/ue«2iV), Calcutta, Chota Nagpur ; Sikkim ; Assam: Sibsagar;
Andaman Is.

Type unknown ; that of A. fraterna in the Halle Museum ;
that of A. centralis in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

This variable insect seems to be almost universal iu the plains
of India and is constantly attracted by light. I have received
specimens taken on Datura and also on Bhindi flowers.

A. dorsalis var. («).

Testaceous, with the vertex, extreme posterior margin of the
pronotum, scutellum (generally), elytral suture, hind tibiie and all
the tarsi black.

Bengal : Chapra ; Madras : Podanur.

A. dorsalis var. (6) centralis.

Testaceous, with the vertex, pronotum (except the lateral
margins) and the elytra black, the clypeus, hind tibiae and all
the tarsi deep red.

^ Punjab : Simla (Paris Mas.) ; Haiderabad : Secundarabad {A.
K. Weld Downing) ; Bengal : Chota JVagpur (Berl. Ent, Mus.).

A. dorsalis var. (c) fraterna.

Chestnut-red with the forehead, the scutellum and a jjarrow
sutural line dai-k.

Bengal: Pusa {II. Maxwell Lefroy), Maldah {W. B. Irvine),
Khoolna (April); Central Provinces: Gwalior; Punjab:
Amballa (July).

Section III.
1 (74) Non-metallic.

'2 (3) Lower surface black ; front tibia hi- [p. 142.

dentate transversa, Burm.,

3 (2) Pale-coloured (sometimes partly dark

above) ; front tibia trideutate, with
a few exceptions.*

4 (39) Longer claw cleft on the middle feet.
6 (6) Front margin of the clypeus gently

excised bcnyalensis, BL, p. 143.

6 (5) Front margin of the clypeus not ex-
cised.

* A. anchoralis, nigrovaria, tincticeps, nilgircnsis, discors, variivestis, ma-
drasica, pellucida, and hlanchardi.

138 RUTEMNJ!.

7 (16) Large aud elongate; elytra not sul-

cata, nor strongly punctured.

8 (9) Upper surface brown olivieri, Sharp, p. 143.

9 (8) Upper surface pale.

10 (13) Hind tibia and tarsus very dark, the

latter very thick.

1 1 (12) Broader, vrith the hind tibia and tarsus

more massive i/hisa, Arr., p. 144.

12 (11) Longer, with the hind tibia and tarsus

less massive elntn, ¥., p. 145.

13 (10) Hind tibia not very dark, the tarsus

not very thick.

14 (15) Hind tibia and tarsus not very

slender sujierjlua, Arr., p. 1 46.

15 (14) Hind tibia and tarsus slender ^WzYa, Bl., p. 146.

16 (7) Smaller, with sulcate or strongly punc-

tured elytra.

17 (24) Narrow and elongate.
Is (23) Strongly convex.

19 (20) Front tibia tvidentate; elytra with

opaque lateral areas bilunata, Fairm., p. 147.

20 (19) Front tibia bidentate ; elytra Avithout

opaque lateral areas. [p. 148.

21 (22) Clypeus dark, rugose anchoralis, Lansb.,

22 (21) Clypeus pale, smooth and shining. . . . nigrovaria, sp. n., p.l49.

23 (18) liather depressed cierica, sp. n., p. 150.

24 (17) Short and compnct.

25 (32) Front tibia tridentate.

26 (27) Elvtra very closely sculptured nigosa, Arr., p. 150.

27 (26) Elytra not very closely sculptured.

28 (29) vScutellum ver}' broad sinr/ularis, sp. n., p. 151.

29 (28) Scutellum not very broad.

30 (31) Larger; dark patches upon the pro-

notum coalescing before reaching

the base varicolvr, Gyll., p. 162.

31 1^30) Smaller ; dark patches upon the pro-

notum not coalescing before reaching [p. 152.

the base nificrqnlkt, Burm.,

32 (26) Front tibia bidentate.

33 (34) Pronotum immaculate tincticeps, sp. n., ]i. 154.

34 (33) Pronotum decorated with dark patches.

36 (36) Elytra rather feebly striated ml[/irensis,s\^.n., p. 154.

36 (35) Elytra deeply strinted.

37 (38) Pygidiuni shining discors, Karscli, p. 155.

38 (37) Pygidium not shining van'ti>estis,STp. n., p. 155.

39 (4) Longer clavp of the front feet only cleft.

40 (45) Clypeal margin biangulated.

41 (44) Clypeal margin notched in the middle.

42 (43) Hind tibia pale ; middle femur with-

out a close fringe of hairs hilobata, Arr., p. 156.

43 (42) Hind tibia black ; middle femur with

a close fringe of hairs fissilahris, Arr., p. 157.

44 (41) Clypeal margin straight in the middle, anyulice^is, s^. n.,

46 (40) Clypeal margin regularly rounded. [p. 158.

46 (47) Elytra entirely black ... tristis, sp. n., p. 158.

47 (46) Elytra not entirely black.

48 (53) Front tibia bidentate.

ANOMAtA, 139

49 (52) Suture of elytra not dark ; pronotum

not closely punctured.

50 (51) Pronotum and elyira not uniformly

pale viadrasica, sp. n.,p. 159.

51 (50) Pronotum and elytra unit'ormly pale. . pellucida, Arr., p. 159.

52 (49) Elytral suture dark ; pronotum closely

punctured blanchardi, n.n., p. 160.

53 (48) Front tibia tridentate (the uppermost

tooth sometimes very feeble).

54 (57) Scutellum dark.

55 (56) Ilind angles of the pronotum com-

pletely rounded off semiusta, Arr., p. 160.

56 (55) Hind angles of the pronotum indicated. infm7tilis,Arr.,-^.\Q\-
67 (54) Scutellum pale.

58 (67) Hind tibise not very broad.

69 (64) Shoulders not black-spotted.

60 (61) Pronotum coarsely punctured mollis, sp. n., p. 162.

61 (60) Pronotum finely punctured. [p. 162.

62 (63) Intervals of the elytra very unequal. . co7iformis, Walk.,

63 (62) Intervals of the elytra subequal .... ivalkeri, h.vr.,\>.\^2>.

64 (59) Shoulders black-spotted.

65 (66) Large ; 3rd tooth of the front tibia

scarcely traceable (/raridti, Arr., p. 1()3.

66 (65) Smaller ; 3rd tooth of the front tibia ' [p. 164.

distinct , cummiaiis, Burm.,

67 (58) Hind tibife verv broad.

68 (71) Vertex of ihe head black. [p. 165.

69 (70) Pronotum strongly punctured undamanica, sp. n.,

70 (69) Pronotum finely punctured latipes, Arr., p. 165.

71 (68) Vertex of the head not black.

72 (73) Elytra not very elongate blliarensis, sp. n., p. 166.

73 (72) Elytra very long and narrow stenvptera, sp. n., p. 167.

74 (1) More or less metallic (sometimes very

faintly) ; front tibice bidentate,
except in A. antiqua and A. erofta.

75 (78) l-'ront tibia armed with three teeth.

76 (77) Elytra not distinctly striated antiqua, Gyll., p. 167.

77 (76) Elytra deeply striated erosa, Arr., p. 168.

78 (75) Front tibia armed with two teeth.

79 (94) l^yes very large and prominent (the

intervening space in the male less
than their combined breadth) ; cly-
peus very small (especially in the
male), not strongly transverse, except
in A. vivida.

80 (89) Ilind tibia not very short and broad.

81 (84) Entirely metallic above.

82 (83) Very shining vivida, sp. n., p. 169.

83 (82) Pather dull above procrastinator, sp. n.,

84 (81) Upper surface lightly metallic in front [p. 170.

only.

85 (86) Pygidium clothed witli long hair .... luridicolhs, Arr., p. 170.

86 (85) Pygidium not clothed with long hair.

87 (88) Hind angles of the pronotum rounded

off; male with the longer front and

middle claws cleft (cyrota, sp. n., p. 171.

140 eutelinJ;.

88 (87) Plind angles of the pronotum indicated

but blunt ; male with all the claws

entire p7-cS7iite>is, sp. u.,p. 171 .

89 (80) Hind tibia very short and broad.

90 (91) I'ronotum not very broad, rugosely

punctured; longer front and middle

claws cleft stenodera, sp. n., p. 172.

91 (90) Pronotuiu \exy broad, finely punc-

tured ; male with all the claws
simple.

92 (93) Elytra deeply sulcata, not very [p. 173.

shining macrophylla, Wied.,

93 (92) Elytra very shining, not deeply sul-

cate fKo/w, sp. n., p. 173.

94 (79) Clypeus not very small, or, if small,

strongly transverse ; eyes not very
large and prominent (the interven-
ing space wider than their combined
breadth, except in males of A. dorso-
picta and marffinipennis) .

95 (106) Metasteruum entirely clothed with

thick hair.

96 (99) Scutellum grooved on each side.

97 (98) Brown ; intervals of the elytra dis-

similar propinqtia, Arr., p. 174.

98 (97) Black; intervals of the elytra similar, anthracina, A.vc.,^.Vlb.

99 (96) Scutellum not grooved on each side.

100 (105) Not uniformly coloured ; strongly

punctured.

101 (104) Pygidium dark, pale-bordered.

102 (103) Pygidium finely rugose ; elytra not

deeply striated fulvohirta, Arr., p. 176.

103 (102) Pygidium coarsely rugose ; el3'tra

deeply striated discalis, Walk., p. 176.

104 (101) Pygidium pale yellow dilatata, sp. n., p. 177.

105 (100) Uniformly red, very shining ignicollis, Bl., p. 178.

106 (95) Metasternum not entirely clothed

with thick hair.

107 (140) Hind tibia stout, not long.

108 (115) Larger; rather depressed and ob-

long.

109 (114) Very feebly metallic in front only;

elytra entirely striated.

110 (111) Pronotum pale at the sides and

middle dorsopicta, Arr., p. 178.

111 (110) Pronotum entirely pale.

112 (113) Pronotum finely punctured fallaciosa, sp. n., p. 179.

113 (112) Pronotum strongly and closely punc- [p. 180.

tured marginipennis, Arr.,

114 (109) Entirely metallic; elytra notstriated. viridilatera, s^. n.,

115 (108) Small; oval and convex. [p. 181.

116 (117) Elytra conjointly broader than long. i2Vwifl««, Hell., p. 181.

117 (116) Elytra not abbreviated.

118 (133) Upper tooth of the front tibia short.

119 (128) Pronotum not closely punctured.

120 (125) Straw-coloured, with dark markings.

121 (122) Head shining, punctured A«mj/em,Walk., p. 182.

AWOMALA. 141

122 (121) Head rugose.

123 (124) Very small ; dark sutural line

narrow ?»'«, Arr., p. 183. •

124 (123) Laro-er; sutural area broadly dark. . pnmona, sp. n., p. 184.

125 (120) Golden, without dark marking-.s.

126 (127) Puuctures of the elytra entirely in

l'"*^^ dulberyice, sp. n., p. 184.

127 (126) Punctures of the elytra not entirely

in lines ." ". aurora, Arr., p. 185.

128 (119) Pronotuni closely punctured.

129 (130) Pygidiuuj not hairy fract'i, Walk., p. 185

130 (129) Pygidium hairy. " ' m •

131 (132) Elytra not spotted ; presternum

not elevated behind the front

coxte puella, Arr., p. 186.

132 (131) Elytra spotted ; prosternuni elevated

behind the front eoxoe rcnli/ma, sp. n , p. 187

133 (118) Teeth of the front tibia long and

sharp.

134 (139) Hind angles of the pronotum ob-

solete.

135 (136) Front margin of the clypeus slightly

,e-^'cised ! '. U-poralU, sp, n., p. 187.

136 (135) Front margin of the clypeus not

excised.

137 (138) Eyes of moderate size; punctures

of the pygidium confused decipieiis, sp. n., p. 188.

138 (137) Eyes larger ; punctures of the pygi-

dium very large and distinct .". . . sUigurid, sp. n., p. 188.

139 (134) Hind angles of the pronotum dis-

tinct /(T^/«, sp. n., p. 189.

140 (107) Hind tibia long. ' ^

141 (158) Hind tibia very slender, not inflated.

142 (155) Pronotum not hairy.

143 (144) Pygidium entirely "hairy (nujusta. Arr.. p. 190.

144 (143) Pygidium not entirely hairy.
1-15 (154) Clypeus much broader than long.

146 (153) Pronotum closely punctured, not

very shining.

147 (150) Pronotum immaculate.

148 (149) Clypeus nearly straight in front . . aureoflam, sp. n., p. liW

149 (148) Clypeus rounded in front tcstacru, Hope p 191

150 (147) Pronotum decorated with dark

marks.

151 (152) Pronotum more strongly punctured. varieqaUx, Hope, p. 192.

152 (151) Pronotuni closely and finely punc-

tured comDia. sp, n., p 193

153 (146) Pronotum very shining clli,ifipcs, sp. n,, n. ]!»;!.

154 (145) Clypeus not much broader than

long loiiyiceps, si), n., p, 194.

156 (142) Pronotum hairy. ^ i ' l M

156 (157) Hind angles of the pronotum sharp. pallidospilfi.Xrr.^u.W)-').

157 (156) Hind angles of the pronotum not

sharp cinderuUii, sj). n,, ii. liK!

158 (141) Hind tibite strongly inflated in the

middle.

159 (160) Elytra feebly and incompletely

striated *. chinemis, Redt., p. 196.

142

BUTELINyE.

160 (159) Elytra deeply striated.

161 (164) Intervals of the elytra equal.

162 (16.3) Body very narrow fulviventris, Bl., p. 197.

16.3 (162) ]?ody not very narrow signaticoUis, Nonfr.,

164 (161) Intervals of ^the elytra alternately [p. 198.

convex and flat galerucina, sp. n., p. 199.

118, Anomala transversa.

Phi/llopertha transversa, Biirm., Handb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855, p. 513.
Smffhala basipennis, Fairm., Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1889, p. 28 ;
Uliaus, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1898, p. 341.

Black, with a bright yellow band crossing the elytra before the
middle and curving forwards at each end towards the shoulders.
This baud inay be absent, leaving the insect wholly black, or it
may extend until tlie elytra are entirely pale in colour except the
outer margins. The pygidium may also be yellow in certain
specimens, and I have seen examples in which there are broad
orange margins to the pronotum in addition.

It is very short, broad and convex. The clypeus and forehead
are finely rugose, the former small, with converging sides and
the front margin slightly notched in the
middle ; the vertex is strongly punc-
tured. The pronotum is coarsely and
rather irregularly punctured, w ith an in-
complete smooth longitudinal line along
tlie middle ; the sides are strongly curved,
the front angles slightly acute, the hind
angles rounded away, and the base gently
rounded in a single uniform curve, with
a complete fine marginal stria. The
scutellum is broad, blunt and coarsely
pinictured. The elytra bear longitu-
dinal rows of large deep punctures ; they
are short and separately rounded behind.
The pygidium bears large scattered
punctures, and the sides of the metasternum are sparingly punc-
tured and clothed with grey hair. The front tibia bears two strong
teeth, the hind tibia is moderately short, and the longer claw of
the front and middle feet is cleft.

(^ . The lower lobe of the longer front claw is extremely
broad.

LciKiih, 6-6-5 mm. ; breadth, 3-5 mm.

Assam: Khasi Hills, Shillong, 4000 ft. (T. Bdinhru/ge Fletcher,
May); Burma: Ruby Mines ( IF. Doherty), Tharrawaddy {G. Q.
Oor)>ett), Majmyo {R. L. Anclreives) ; ToNKI^' : Chapa (i^. Vitalis
de Salvaza).

Types of trami'ersa and hcisipennis in M. Eene Oberthiir's
collection.

"This species was very common at ShiUong in the Khasi Hills
in May 1905, being found on cherry as a minor pest. Above

Fig. 33. — Anomcda
transversa.

ANOMALA.

143

4000 ft, these beetles come out of the grouud iu euonuous
numbers by day and feed on white flowers, roses, spiraeas, etc."
(T. B. Fletcher, Agric. Eesearch lust., Pusa, Bull. 59, 1916, p. 4.)

119, Anomala bengalensis. (Plate II, figs. 26, 27.)

Anomala beiit/aleiisi.t, Blaiicli.,* Cat. Coll, Ent. Mus. Paris, 1851

(1850), p. i82.
Anomala pallidicollis, Blanch., 1. c. p. 181 (n. syu.).

Pale testaceous yellow, with the head, the extreme edges of
the pronotum, scutellum and elytra, the hind tibife and all the
tarsi dark.

The shape is moderately elongate and rather massive, scantily
clothed with hair beneath. The head is rather finely punctate-
rugose with the clypeiis broadly and transversely rectangular, its
front margin strongly reflexed and almost
straight, but rather more elevated at the
angles, which are not sharp, than in the
middle. The pronotum is Aerv minutely
punctured, with tiie sides strongly rounded,
the front angles almost right angles, the
hind angles very obtuse, and the base finely
margined and feebly trisinuated. The scu-
tellum bears a few fine punctures, and the
elytra are moderately clo.-ely and deeply
punctured, some of the punctures forming
longitudinal rows. The pygidiuui is finely
punctured at the sides a-id apex and minuTely
coriaceous in the middle of the basal part.
The metasternum is finely punctured and
clothed with coarse but not thick yellow hair, and the abdomen is
shining and thinly setose. The front tibia is tridentate aiul the
larger claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

c? . The teeth of the front tibia are sharp, the front tarsi
rather thick and the inner claw unequally cleft.

9 . The apical tooth of the front tibia is long, but verv blunt ;
the tarsus is slender, and the inner claw is equally divided.
Lenyth, 19-23 mm.; breadth, 10-11 mm.

Bengal: Calcutta, Chota Magpur (Berl. Ent. Mus,), Maldah
(IF. H. Irvine), Murshidabad, Pusa {T. Bainhvigge Fletcher, May,
June); Madras: Vizagapatam Dist,, Golgonda (T. V. Rama-
Icrishna, April), Bangalore, 3000 ft. {Dr. 'J'niiwrs), Coimbatore
('/', B. Fletcher, May); Burma : Mandalay {Major SJade).
Type in the Paris Museum.

In some specimens the elytra assume a reddish shade like that
of the head, but it is not quite certain that this is not a post
mortem alteration. The name Anomala pallidicollis, BL, seems
to have been given to such a discoloured specimen with the
clypeus and front tibioe worn down.

Fij'. 34. — Anomala
heuyalensis.

144 RUTELIN^.

120. Anomala olivieri.

Anomala olivieri, Sharp,* Anu. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xii, 1903, p. 471.

Testaceous, with the head, the hind tibiso and all the tarsi
reddisli, and the extreme front margin of the clypeus, the head
behind the eyes, the pronotum (except the lateral marf^ins, each
of which has a small dark spot), the elytra and more or less of
the pygidium, dai'k brown.

It is a rather massive, moderately elongate species, smooth but
not very shining above, and clothed upon the lower surface and
legs with long tawny hair. The head is rather finely punctate-
rugose, with the front margin strongly reflexed and nearly straight.
The pronotum is suhopaque, with minute but not very close
punctures ; its sides are strongly curved, the front angles acute,
the hind angles very obtuse, and the base margined and very
feebly trisinuate. The scutellum bears a few minute punctures.
The elytra are shallowly but rather coarsely punctured, most of
the punctures arranged in longitudinal rows, except upon the
very broad subsutural space. The pygidium bears fine, rather
scattered, punctures, but is finely and lightly rugose at the sides,
and shining and almost smooth at the apex. The front tibia
is tridentate, the uppermost tooth very feeble, the hind tibia is
moderately long and slender, and the larger claw of the front and
middle feet is cleft.

(^ . The club of the antenna is nearly twice as long as in the
female ; the apical tooth of the front tibia is short and sharp,
and the inner front claw is very unequally cleft.

2 . The club of the antenna is short ; the apical tooth of the
front tibia is long and clubbed, and the inner front claw is nearlv
equally cleft.

Lenf/tJi, 19-20 mm.; breadth, 10*5-11 mm.

Madeas: Utakamand (Barber, April), Kochin (Berl. Ent.
Mus.).

Ty2'>e in the British Museum ; co-types in the Cambridge
University Museum.

121. Anomala illusa. (Plate II, fig. 23.)

A7iomaIa illusa, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,
p. 363.

This has the closest possible similarity to A. elata. P., and
A. superJJua, Arr., but it is rather broader and more convex and a
little more shining, the head is less densely punctured, tlie
clypeus narrower and less flat and opaque, and the legs are
stouter, all the tibice being shorter and broader, and the basal
joints of the middle and hind tarsi more compact. The third
tibial tooth is almost obsolete. Tiie a^deagus of the male has the
paramera simply rounded externally and the ventral lobe bluntly
pointed.

(^ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is acute.

$ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is very blunt.

ANOMAI.A.

145

Lemjih, 22 mm. ; breadth, 12 mm,

Ceylon : Trincomali (C. F. S. Baker, E. E. Green, Sept.).

Ty2}e iu tlie British Museum,

122. Anomala elata. (Plate II, fig. 22.)

Melolontha elata, Fabr., Ent, Syst. i, 2, 1792, p. 161 ; id., Syst.

Eleut. ii, 1801, p. I(i7.
? Melolontha varians, Oliv,, Ent, i, 5, 1789, p, 78, pi. 10, tig. 123.
Anomala elata, Burm., llandb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 233,

Testaceous, with the head, the extreme front and hind margins
of the pronotum, all the margins of the elytra, the hind tibiae,
the extremities of the other tibiae and all the tarsi black or very
dark red.

It is elongate, ratlier parallel- sided, moderately convex and
not very shining. The head is rather finely and closely punctured,
with the clypeus transversely rectangular
and nearly straight in front. The pro-
notum is exceedingly finely but not very
closely punctured, with its sides res^ularly
curved, the front angles slightly acute, the
hind angles completely rounded olf and
the base finely margined. The scutelhim
is similarly punctured, and the elytra bear
fine but rather larger punctures, most of
them in irregular longitudinal rows. The
pygidium is rather finely transversely strio-
lated. The sides of the metasternum are
densely punctured and rather closely clothed
with moderately long pale hair. The front
tibia bears three teetli, the uppermost one
minute; the hind tibia is stout, the hind tarsus thick, and the
longer claw of the four posterior feet cleft.

c? . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is sharp, and the
inner front claw dilated.

2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is very blunt,
Lengtli, 21-24 mm. ; breadth, 11-13 mm.

Madeas : Tranquebar, Bangalore (Anstead, May), N, Coorg,
Mercara (T. B. Fletcher, May), S. Coorg, PoUibetta {T. B.
Fletcher, May),

Type in the Copenhagen Museum.

It is not certain which of the closely related species of this
group is the Melolontha varians of Olivier, which was wrongly
attributed by him to the Cape of Good Hope,

123, Anomala superflua. (Plate II, fig. 25,)

Anomala superfiua, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,
p. 362.

Pale testaceous, with the head and the extreme edges of the
pronotum, scutellum and elytra black, and the clypeus (very
deeply), the hind tibias and all the tarsi red.

Fig. 35. — Anomala
elata.

146 RUTELlNiE.

The body is elongate, with the elytra only very slightly wider
in the middle than at the shoulders, smoQth but not very shining
above and scarcely convex. The head is entirely very densely
punctured, the clypeiis nearly straight in front, with the sides
slightly converging. The pronotum is extremely minutely and
rather evenly punctured, finely but deeply margined all round,
with the sides angulated near the middle, the front angles acute
and the hind angles obtuse. The scutellum is finely punctured,
and the elytra lightly but a little more coarsely, most of the
punctures, except in the broad subsutural interval, forming rather
indistinct lines. The pygidium is finely and irregularly punc-
tured, the metasternurri closely punctured and clothed with short
erect pubescence at tlie sides, scantily punctured and pubescent in
the middle. The abdomen is nearly smooth. The front tibia has
three teeth and the larger claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

cJ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is sharp.

2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is very blunt and
strongly bent outwards.

Length, 19-22-5 mm. ; breadth, 10-11-5 mm.

Ceylon : Peradeniva (E. E. Green), Sigiriya {E. E. Green, Sept.),
Hakgala (E. E. Green, May), Kandy {0. F. S. Balcer, April), Minu-
wangoda (C. F. S. Baker, Sept.), Kelani Valley, near Colombo
(W. Bvdine).

Tyj^e in the British Museum.

This is not easily distinguishable from A. elata, i\, except by
means of the genitalia of the males, but the clypeus is of slightl,^
different shape, its sides being gently convergent, and the elytra
are long and parallel-sided, with relatively broad membranous
margins, especially at the posterior lateral part. The a^deagus of
the male is constricted just before the end and the paramera are
divergent and globularly swollen at the apices.

124. Anomala polita. (Plate II, fig. 24.)

Anomnln polita, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris, 1851 (1850),
p. 182.

Testaceous, with the head, the extreme front and hind margins
of the pronotum, all the margins of the elytra, the extremities of
the tibia; and all the tarsi black or very dark red.

It is elongate, rather parallel-sided, moderately convex and not
Tery shining. The head is finely granulated, with the clypeus
transversely rectangular, its margin strongly reflexed and the
angles rounded. The pronotum is exceedingly finely and not very
closely punctured, with its sides regularly curved, the front angles
slightly acute, the hind angles completely rounded off and the
base finely margined. The scutellum is similarly punctured, and
the elytra bear fine but rather larger punctures, most of them
in irregular longitudinal row^s. The pygidium is rather finely
transversely striolated. The sides of the metasternum are densely
punctured and rather closely clothed with moderately long pale
yellow hair. The front tibia bears three teeth, the uppermost

ANOMALA.. 147

rather feeble, the hind tibia aud tarsus are rather slender, and
the longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

(S . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is sharp, and the
inner front claw dilated.

2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is blunt and clubbed.

Length, 22-5 mm.; breadth, 11-5 mm.

United Provinces: Agra (C. F. Selot(s, July), Dehra Dun
(iV^. C. Chatterji, June); Bombay: Khandesh (T. R. D. Bell),
Belgaum {H. E. Andreives), N. Kanara {T. R. D. Bell); Bengal :
Pusa (B. Macciuell Lefroii, May) ; Assam : Jaintia Hills.

Tiipes in the Paris Museum.

The habits of this or an allied species have been studied by
Mr. H. Maxwell Lefroy and described by him under the name of
Anomala varians in vol. ii. of the Mem. Dept. Agric. India, 1910,
p. 143. The larvae appear to feed indifferently upon the roots of
G-ramineaB and other plants, having been found attacking millets,
rice, sugar-cane, grasses, etc. It is reported as having caused
considerable damage to a crop of ground-nuts, but it is possible
that Mr. Lefroy's report refers to more than one species, for
Anomala hengalensis, BL. which was not distinguished by him, is
perhaps the most abundant one in the part of India under his
personal observation. A summary of his account of the life-
history is given in the introductory remarks at the beginning of
this volume.

125, Anomala bilunata.

Anomala bilunata, Fairm., Ann. Soc. Ent. France (Q) viii, 1888,
p. 341.

Testaceous, with the head red, and the vertex, the middle of
the pronotura and more or less of the elytra (according to the sex)

Fig. '3Q.— Anomala bilunata, c? . Fig. ^1.~ Anomala bilunata, § .

brown or black. In the female the suture, a broad curved band
crossing the elytra beyond the middle and ascending to the
shoulders, and sometimes a patch surrounding the scutellum are
dark. In the male the dark areas spread over the greater part
of the elytra, leaving only a narrow pale band, which crosses the
suture before the middle and ascends to the base within the
shoulders, and a patch of variable size at the apex of each elytron.

l2

148 RUTELINiE.

It is elongate and cylindrical iu shape, shining and almost
devoid of hairy clothing, but with a peculiar opaque area near the
end of the outer raai'gins of the elytra. The head is rugosely
punctured, with the clypeus transverse and the front margin
nearly straight in the middle. The pronotum is rather coarsely
and closely punctured, witli a slight impressed line in the middle
of its anterior half ; the sides are strongly curved, the front
angles acute and the hind angles almost obsolete. The scutellum
is strongly punctured, and the elytra deeply sulcate, with large
confluent punctures in the sulci and minute punctures upon the
intervals ; the membranous outer ujargin is narrow. The pygidium
is closely, and the sides of the metasternum coarsely but not
closely, punctured. The front tibia is armed with three strong
teetli, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

Len</th, 11-3 2 mm.; breadth, 5-5-6 mm.

Bhutan: Maria Basti (L. Burel); Sikkim: Darjiling (R^
Ribbe), Kalimpong (April, May), Pashok, Pedong {Desgodins) ;
Assam: Manipur {W. Doherti/) ; Tokkin (H. Fruhsiorfer) ;
S. China.

The female has a deceptive resemblance to A. anchoralis,
Lansb., but the three-toothed front tibia and the peculiar opaque
areas at the sides of the elytra immediately distinguish it. The
different coloration of the two sexes is an interesting feature.

126. Anomala anchoralis.

Anomala ancJioralis, Laiisb., C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxii, 1879, p. 151.

Pale testaceous, with the head and tarsi reddish, and with
brown or black markings, consisting of two oval obliquely placed
patches at the middle of the pronotum (sometimes united at the
middle line), the extreme edge of the elytra all round, and an
angular dilatation of the sutural border on each side beyond the
middle with the points directed towards the shoulders.

It is rather narrowly oval and very convex, smooth and shining,,
and almost without hairy clothing. The head is rugose and the
clypeus short and broad. The pronotum is strongly punctured
all over, with its sides strongly rounded, the front angles rather
acute, the hind angles almost obsolete and the base very finely
margined. The scutellum is moderately punctured, and the elytra
are deeply striated, the intervals convex and the striae closely
punctured, the second stria transforming anteriorly into a broad
patch of large punctures ; the membranous margins are rather
wide behind. The pygidium and the sides of the metasternum
are closely punctured. The front tibia is bidentate, and the
longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

S • The inner front claw is dilated, and the teeth of the front
tibia are longer and sharper than in the female.

Length, 11-12'5 mm. ; breadth, 6-7-5 mm,

Burma: Meetan (Z. i^m, April); Java; Tonkin.

Tgj)e in the Brussels Museum.

A. anchoralis is abundant in Java, where it is injurious to the-

ANOMALA. 149

Cassava crop. It has been studied in all its stages by Mr. S.
Leet'mans, who has issued a report upon it iu No. 13 of Mededeelin-
gen van het Laboratorium voor Piantenziekten (Buiten/org, 1915),
p. 48. The beetle is figured iu plate i, fig. 6, and the distinctive
features of the larva are show n in plate vii, rig. 5. Tlie beetles
are described as nocturnal in their habits. They appear in Ortober
and November, and rt-duce the leaves of the Cassava plants to
skeletons.

127. Anomala nigrovaria, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 18.)

Pale testaceous yellow, with the A'ertex of the head, two longi-
tudinal marks (sometimes coalescing) at the middle of the pro-
notum, parts of the elytra, the extremities of the tibiae and the
tarsi black or brown.

It is elongate-oval, very con\ex, smooth and shining, and
aitiiost devoid of hair. The clypcus is broadly
rounded and very smooth, almost without
punctures, and the forehead is strongly
punctured. The pronotum is strongly but
rnther unequally punctured, with the sides
strongly rounded, the front angles nearly
right angles, the hind angles very obtuse and
tlip base finely margined. The scutellum is
well punctured, and the elytra bear seven
deeply impressed and punctured dorsal striae,
the second disrupted at the base. The
pygidium is rather coarsely and closely punc-
Fig. 38.— Auomdla tured. The front tibia is armed with two
nigrovaria, S. strong teeth ; the hind tibia is rather short
and stout ; the tarsi are rather long, and
the longer claw is cleft on the front and middle feet,

S . The outer margins of the elytra, from the shoulders to about
the midtUe, are dark and there is a broad tlark patch common to
both, sometimes uniting with the posterior end of the lateral
stripe and generally extending along the suture to the base of
the elytra (the scutellum remaining pale), but not reaching their
extremities behind.

5 . The outer margins of the elytra, from the shoulders to
about the middle, are narrowly dark and there is a dark spot on
each immediately behind the scutellum, the two spots more or
less coalescing; the suture is generally very narrowly dark.
Length, 9-11 mm.; breadth, 4-o-5*5 mm.

BuEMA : Teinzo {L. Fea, May), Tharrawaddy ((?. Q. Corbett),
Bhamo (F. M. Machwood, April), Papun {Col. Adamson); Tonkix :
Laokay {M. V. de Salvaza).

Tijpe in the British Museum ; co-types in the Genoa
Museum.

The species is very like A. anchoralis, Lansb. The markings
are variable, but the broad dark area upon the posterior half of
the elytra is present in all the males and absent in all the females
I have examined.

150 RUTELIIS"^.

128. Anomala clerica, sp. no v.

Testaceous yellow, with the upper surface black, except the
sides of the pronotum and sometimes a narrow basal margin and
a short longitudinal stripe near the middle of eacli elytron,
extending from the base to rather moi'e than a quarter of its
length, the two stripes slightly con-verging at their posterior ends.
The clypeus, the hind tibia, the posterior part of the middle tibia
and the tarsi are deep red.

It is moderately elongate and parallel-sided and rather depressed
in form, with its broadest part a little before the end of the
elytra. The clypeus and forehead are finely and rather feebly
rugose, the former small and transversely rounded, the latter tri-
angularly impressed in the middle, and the vertex closely and
strongly punctured. The pronotum is also strongly and closely
punctured, with the sides strongly rounded, the front angles
acute, the hind angles slightly obtuse and the base completely
margined. The scutellum is finely punctured and its apex
impressed. The elytra are closely and coarsely but ratlier un-
evenly punctate-striate, with tlie second stria broadly disrupted
at the base. The pygidium is rather strongly and evenly, not
closely, punctured. The lower surface is well and evenly punc-
tured, the metasternum thinly clothed with yellow hair. The
legs are rather slender, the front tibia is armed with two short
teeth, the hind tibia is slender, but inflated before the middle, and
the longer claw is cleft at the tip upon the front and middle
feet.

d . The club of the antenna is rather long, and the front tibial
teeth are very short and placed near together.

The 2 is unknown.

Length, 13-14 mm. ; breadth, 7-7'5 mm.

SiKKiM : Gopaldhara, Eungbong Valley, 6300 ft. ( W. K. Wehh),
Peshoke Spur, Darjiling Dist. {R. S. Lister).

Tijpe in the British Museum.

129. Anomala rugosa.

Anomala rugosa, Arrow, Traus. Eiit. See. Lend. 1899, p. 263.

Testaceous yellow, with the head, the hind tibiae (and the
extremities of the others) and all the tarsi dark red, and a large
triangular patch on each side of the pronotum, tlie extreme edges
of the elytra and an oblique stripe extending from each shoulder
to the apical callus (in the female), or the whole surface of the
elytra except a narrow external pale border (in the male), black.

The body is oval, compact and convex, closely sculptured above
and not very shining. The head is densely rugosely punctured,
with the clypeus rounded at the sides and straight in front. The
pronotum is finely and closely but not densely punctured, strongly
rounded at tlie sides, with the front angles blunt and the hind
angles rounded off ; the base is finely margined and feebly tri-
sinuated. The scutellum is short and closely punctured, and

ANOMALA.

151

the elytra are striated aud closely puuetured except at the outer
margins. The pygidium is closely transversely punctured and
bears a few long hairs near the apex. The sides of the meta-
sternum are closely punctured and rather thinly clothed with

Fig. 39.—Ano7nala rugosa, (J. Fig. 40. — Anomala rugosa, ?.

light hair. The front tibia is armed with three teeth, the hind
tibia is a little constricted before the end, and the longer claw of
the front and middle feet is cleft.

Besides the difference between the sexes in the coloration of
the elytra already described, there is a strongly marked divergence
in the sculpture of the elytra. Those of the male are deeply
punctate-striate, except at tlie sides, \^ hich are irregularly punc-
tured, and the intervals between the striae are slightly convex and
finely and closely punctured. In the female the fine punctures
are distinguishable at the sides, but obliterated upon the whole
dorsal surface, which is finely and densely rugose and completely
opaque. The striae are inconspicuous and the surface nearlv flat.

In the male the apical tooth of the front tibia is moderately
sharp and in the female it forms a very blunt rounded lobe.

Length, 12-5-14 mm. ; breadth, 7-8 mm.

Punjab: Kulu ; Nepal; Sikkim : Sukna, Darjiling Dist,,
1000 ft. (May), Gopaldhara, Eungbong Valley (H. Stevens);
United Peotinces: Jolikote(May), W. xllmora (i/. G. Champion),

Type in the British Museum.

This species is entirely peculiar in the striking difference of
sculpture that distinguishes the two sexes, which have been found
together upon apricot trees at Jolikote.

130. Anomala singularis, sp. nov. (Plate IV, figs. 1, 2.)

Testaceous yellow, with the head, pronotum (except the lateral
margins), scutellum, elytra, the anterior half of the pygidium^
the extremities of the tibiae and the tarsi dark red-brown.

Broadly oval in shape, very convex and rather shining. The
clypeus is broadly rounded and, like the forehead, densely and
rugosely puuetured. The pronotum is very finely and rather
sparsely puuetured, witli the sides quite evenly rounded, the
front angles nearly right angles, the hind angles very blunt and

152

BUTELIN.E.

the base completely margiued. Tlie scutellum is very broad,
irregularly punctured, and obliquely channelled on each side.
The elytra are very deeply punctate-striate, with the second stria
disrupted in its anterior Inilf. The pygidium is shining and not
very closely transversely striolated. The raetasternum is rather
thickly clothed (except in the middle) with fine erect yellow hairs.
The legs are slender, the front tihia armed with two sliarp teerh
and a feeble upper one, the hind tibia slightly constricted before
the extremity, and the longer middle claw only minutely cleft at
the tip.

Length, 13 mm.; breadth, 7'5 mm.

Madras : Bangalore.

Type in the British Museum.

I have seen only two male specimens of this species, which is
remarkable for the undivided longer front claw. It is possible
that the female will be found to have the longer front and middle
claws cleft.

131. Aiiomala varicolor. (Plate 11, figs. 38, 39.)

Mehlontlia varicolor, QryW., Schiinh. Syn. Ins. i, 3, 1817, App. p. 114.

Testaceous, with the he;id, the extremities of the tibiae and the
tarsi dark red, and with a variable patch on each side of the
pronotnm (sometimes extending to the front, but not to the hind,
margin, and the two patches frequently uniting), the extreme
edges of the elytra, a sutural line, a spot on each shoulder (often
extending obliquely almost to the apical angle and sometimes
partly or entirely fused with the lateral margin), black or nearly
black.

In the darkest phase the upper surface is entirely black, with
the exception of the lateral margins of the
pronotum, a very narrow incomplete hind
margin and a humeral patch upon each
elytron.

It is shortly oval, convex, smooth and
shining, with the metasteriuim moderately
closely clothed with short yellowish hair.
The head is rather finely and densely ru-
gose, with the clypeus broadly semicircular.
The pronotum is finely punctured, with
the sides rounded, the front angles scarcely
acute, the hind angles rounded, and the
base finely and completely margined. The
elytra are deeply and finely punctate-striate,
with the subsutural interval broad and
closely punctured. The pygidium is rather
closely transversely rugulose. The front tibia bears two well-
developed teeth and a very feeble one above them, the hind tibia
is rather inflated before the middle aud contracted before the ex-
tremity, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

Fig. 41. — Anomala
varicolor.

ANOMALA. 153

5. The terminal tooth of the front tibia is sharp, and the
inner front claw very shghtly dilated.

Length, 14-17 iinn. ; breadth, 8-9 mm.

CTnitku PKOAaNCEs : Jolikote ; Sixkim : Gopaldtiar;i, Kiing-
bong Valley (H. Stevens); Bengal : ISarda (F. W. Champion),
Piisia (May), Buxar Duars ; Madras: Granjam Dist., Parlakimedi,
Bogga Forest (2'. V. Eamakrishna, April), Bangalore, 3nO0 ft.
(May), 8. Arcot, Palni (7'. V. Eamakrishna, August); Ceylon:
Kandy (C. F. S. Baker, A])ril), Peradeniya {T. Bainhrigge
Fletcher, April); S. China.

Type in the Stockhohn Museum.

lu the amount of dark pigment this species varies very greatly,
pre.senting a series of phases exactly |)arallel to those of ^4. ruji-
capilla, Burin. It may be distinguished by the fact that the dark
thoracic patclies are not divided by a narrow pale line, but tend
to run together without extending to tlie base of the pronotum,
which has practically always a pale border.

The females are, on the whole, darker than ttie males, although
there is no di\iding line between the light and dark forms. In a
long series collected by Mr. H. Stevens in Sikkim females are four
times as numerous as males and, although some are pale specimens,
two-thirds of them are dark and only narrow thoracic margins
and shoulder-patches upon the elytra remain pale on the upper
surface These dark-coloui'ed specimeno appear never to bemales.

This is one of the commonest and mosr widely-distributed of
Indian beetles. Mr. Bainhrigge Fletcher has found the larva at
the roots of oats in Pusa, and the beetle at the foot of a pipal tree.
It has also been observed to attack the leaves of plum trees.

132. Anomala riificapilla. (Plate II, fig. 40.)

Anomala rtijicapilla, Biirm.,* Handb. Eut. iv, 2, 1855, p. 499.

Testaceous, with the head, the extremities of the tibiae and the
tarsi dark red, and with a large patch on each side of the pro-
nf)tum, the extreme edges of the elytra, a broad sutural line and
another extending obliquely from the shoulder almost to the
sutural angle and partly or entirely fused with the lateral margin,
black or nearly black.

It is shortly oval in shape, convex, smooth and shining. The
head is rather finely and densely rugose, and the clypeus broadly
semicircular. The pronotum is finely punctured, with the sides
evenly rounded and the base finely and completely margined.
The elytra are deeply and finely punctate-striate, with the sub-
sutural interval broad and closely punctured. The pygidium is
transversely strigose. The front tibia bears two strong teeth and
(generally) a very feeble third tooth, the hind tibia is rather
inflated before the middle, and the longer claw is cleft on the
front and middle feet.

S . The terminal tooth of the fro)it tibia is sharp, and the
inner front claw is slightly dilated.

154

KUTELINyE.

Length, ll-5-13-r< mm. ; breadth, 7-8 mm.

Bombay: Belgaum {H. E. Andrew xs); Mysore: Bangalore,
3000 ft. {Ansiead, May) ; Ceylon : Kaudy (C. F. S. Balcer, April),
Peradeniya {E. E. Green).

Type in the Halle Museum.

The locality Assam given in the original description is in all
probability wrong. The cursory note in which this species was
described by Burmeister is misleading and contains nothing of real
value to distinguish tlie species from the closely similar A. varicolor,
Gyll., the size, marking, sculpture, and even the toothing of the
front tibia, being exceedingly variable, although these last are
generally two-toothed in the present species and three-toothed
in the other. One of the most constant features is the complete
narrow median line of the pronotuni, the dark thoracic patches
usually extending from the front to the hind margin witliout
uniting. The paramera of the ajdeagus of tlie male are longer
than in A. varicolor, and on one side slightly hooked.

133. Anomala tincticeps, sp. nov. (Plate IV, figs. 5, 6.)

Pale testaceous yellow, with the head, the sutural edges of the
elytra (very narrowly), the extremities of the femora and tibiae,
and the tarsi red.

It is oval and convex, and moderately smooth and shining, with
a thin clothing of pale hair at the sides of the sternum. The
head is closely and rugosely punctured, with the sides of the
clypeus and the vertex less rugose and more shining. The
clypeus is short, with the margin strongly rounded at the sides
and well rellexed. The eyes are moderateiy large and prominent.
The pronotum is everywhere finely and evenly punctured, with
the sides rather strongly rounded, the front angles right angles,
the hind angles almost rounded off, and the base gently curved
and finely^ and completely margined. The scutellum bears
numerous fine punctures. The elytra bear seven strongly punc-
tured and nearly equidistant dorsal striae, the second disrupted at
the base, and the intervals are very minutely punctulated ; the
marginal membranes are fairly broad at the hind margins. The
pygidium is moderately strongly and ch^sely punctured. The legs
are stout, the front tibia strongly but bluntly bidentate, the hind
tibia rather inflated in the middle, and the longer claw of the
front and middle feet cleft.

d . The eyes are rather larger and more prominent than in the
female, the teeth of the front tibia are much shorter, and the
inner front claw is angularly dilated beneath.

$ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is very long.

Length, 11-12 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

BuiiMA : Eaugoon {Capf. A. K. Weld-Downing), Tenang-yaung
(L. Pea, May), Minhla {Comotto).

Type in the Biitish Museum; co- types in the Genoa
Museum.

ANOMALA. 155

134. Anomala nilgirensis, sp. nor.

Pale testaceous yellow, with the head and tarsi dark red, and a
triangular patch on each side of the ])ronotum (the two patches
frequently coalescing), the edges of the scutellum and elytra, a
spot on tlie humeral callus and another on the apical callus,
black.

This closely I'eseiubles ^-1. varicohr, and perhaps varies to a
similar extent in its colouring. In its form and sculpture, as in
marking, ir. is almost the same, but it is rather more elongate,
there is no trace of a third tooth upon the front tibia, and the
pygidium is closely, sometimes rugosely, punctured. The dark
marks upon the pronotum, which in ^4. varicohr rarely if ever
extend to the base, in A. nilgirensis send backwards a pointed
process which may reach the hind margin.

Length, 15-16 mm. ; breadth, 8'5 mm.

Madras: Nilgiri Hills {H. L. Andretves).

Tgpe in tlie British Museum.

135. Anomala discors.

RhinopUa discors, Karsch, Berl. Eut. Zeits. 1882, p. 387.

Pale yellow in colour, with the head and tarsi red, and a spot
or patch on each side of the pronotum and the extremities ot the
tibicE brown. The humeral callus is usually also dark, aud some-
times a vaguely darkened area extends backwards from it towards
the ends of the elytra.

It is a small, oval aud compact insect, smooth and shining, with
only a very scanty clothing of pale hairs at the sides of tlie meta-
sternum. The head is densely and finely rugose, except on the
vertex, where it is closely punctured. The clypeus is broadly
rounded. The pronotmn is finely aud moderately closely punc-
tured, strongly and evenly rounded at the sides, narrowed iu
front, finely margined at the base, with the front angles not
sharp and the hind ones very blunt. The scutellum is finely
punctured, and the elytra are deeply punctate-striate, the sub-
sutural interval bi'oad and having a punctured stria similar to the
rest, but disrupted in front and abbreviated behind. The pygidium
is moderately punctured, and the metasternum densely at the sides
and sparsely iu the middle. The front tibia bears two strong
teeth and the hind tibia is broad at its extremity. The longer
claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

d. The dark markings are generall}" more developed than in
the female, the club of the antenna is longer, and the lower lobe of
the inner front claw a little dilated,

Length, 10-11 mm. ; breadth, 6-6"5 mm.

Ceylon: Trincomali {C. F. S. Baker), Nilaveli (C F.S. Baker,
Sept.).

Type in the Berlin lioyal jNIuseum.

156 RUTELIX^E.

13(). Anomala variivestis, sp. nov. (Plate III, figs. 20, 21.)

Testaceous yellow, with the clvpeus, forehead and tarsi red, and
a large patch oti each side of the middle line of the pronotum (the
two patches sometimes partly fused together), the extreme mar-
gins of the elytra (the sutural dark line dilating into a triangular
patch round the scutelhim), and sometimes the whole of the elytra,
black or nearly hlack.

0\al in shape, convex and very smooth and shining. The
clvpeus and forehead are densely and rugosely punctured, the
former short and broadly rounded, and the vertex strongly
punctured. The pronotum is lather closely and evenly punc-
tured, with the sides strongly rounded, the front angles slightly
acute, the hind angles rounded and the base finely margined.
The scutellum is finely punctured, and the elytra are deeply and
closely punctate-striate, the second stria broken up in its anterior
haU into numerous large punctures. The pygidium is closely and
rugosely punctured. 'I'he sides of the metasteruum are closely
punctured and thinly clothed with short erect hairs. The front
tibia is armed with two strong teeth, the hind tibia is constricted
before the extremity, and the longer claw of the front and middle
feet is cleft.

c5' . The teeth of the front tibia are very sharp.

§ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is blunt and club-
shaped.

Lingth, 13-5-14-5 mm.; breadth, 7-8 mm.

Assam : Manipur ( W. Bohert)/) ; Burma : Mnymyo (//. L.
Andreives).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. H. E. Andrewes'
collection.

The specimens of the typical pale form are all from Assam and
those of the dark phase with entirely black elvtra ai'e from
Maymyo.

137. Anomala bilobata. (Plate IT, fig. 18.)

Anomala bilobata, Arrow, Ann. Mag. iS'at. Hist, (8) x, 1912,
p. 329.

Testaceous, with the clypeus, hind tibise and all the tarsi reddish.

The form is elongate and cylindricaL The head is small and
deeply punctured, and the clypeus transverse, with the margin
strongly reflexed and bilobed in front. The pronotum is very
finely punctured, rounded at the sides, u ith the front angles
nearly right angles, the hind angles \ery obtuse and the base
finely margined and very gently rounded. Tne scutellum is finely
punctured, and the elvtra bear irregular vowa of fine punctures,
the 2ikI interval being wide and irregularly punctured. The
pygidium is rather rugosely but not deeply punctured. The meta-
steruum is finely and densely punctured and clothed with fine
yellowish pubescence. The front tibia is tridentate and the inner
claw of the front tarsus is cleft.

A^^OMALA. 157

c? . The inner front claw is very brond. The clypeus is shining^
a little excavated ou each side and the lobes pointed.

5 . The clypeus is rugosely punctured with the lobes blunt,
and the apex of the front tibia is sjiatulate.

Length, 16-19 mm. : breadth, 7'5-9-5 mm.

Bengal: Calcutta, Murshidabad, Koolna (March — Ind. Mus.),
Sai-da {F. W. Champion), Piisa {T. Bainhrigge Fletcher, May);
BuiiMA : Tharrawaddy (6^. Q. Corhett), N. Chin Hills, Bhamo,
Teinzo (L. Feci, May, June), N. 8hau States, ISTam Kham,
Tavoy (W. Doherty). '

Type in the British Museum.

This insect, together with that which follows and A. siamensis,
Nonfr., form a peculiar group distinguished by the bilobed clypeus
and, in the male, by a form of aedeagus, the paramera of which
end in transverse laminsB. A. bilohata is extremely like A. siam-
ensis, of which Dr. Ohaus has kindly sent me for examination a
typical male specimen, but it is a little more elongate and less
stout. It is doubtful, however, if the absolute discrimination of
the two is possible without examination of the genitalia, which
are very different, the aedeagus of A. bilohata being longitudinally
grooved and the two terminal laminae meeting in a sharp angle
behind. In that of A. siainensis both groove and angle are absent
and the laminae are larger and of a more irregular shape (see-
Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912, p. 331, fig, 2).

138. Anomala fissilabris. (Plate II, figs. 19, 20.)

Ano7nala Jissilabris, Arrow, Ann. Mag-. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912,
p. 331.

Testaceous, \\ith the hind tibiae and tarsi black, and the
remaining tarsi and the clypeus red.

The body is elongate and a little depressed. The head is small
and strongly punctured, the clypeal margin strongly elevated and
bilobed in front. The prouotum and scutellum are very minutely
punctured, the former a little more strongly at the sides ; the
lateral margins are rounded, the front angles nearly right angles
and the hind angles very obtuse. The elytra are very finely
punctured, most of the punctures forming longitudinal rows, but
with a wide irregularly punctured subsutural space. The pygidium
is moderately punctured, and the metasternum finely rugose and
clothed rather thinly with yellowish hairs. The front tibia is
tridentate, the larger front claw cleft, and the middle femur bears
a thick fringe of stiff hairs just before the posterior edge.

c? . The inner front claw is strongly dilated. The clypeus is a
little excavated on each side and not densely punctured.

$ . The clypeus is densely punctured and the apical tooth of
the front tibia long and blunt.

Length, 17-18 mm. ; breadth, 9 mm.

Burma: Tharrawaddy, Prome {G. Q. Corhett), Minhia {L. Fea,
May).

Type in the British Museum.

158 KUTELTNiE.

This species is extremely close to A. bilobata, but differs in its
rather finer puncturation, the black hind tibiae and tarsi, and the
thick fi'inge of the middle femur.

139. Anomala anguliceps, sp. uov.

Pale testaceous yellow, with the head, hind tibiae and all the
tarsi red, and a fine black marginal line to the clypeus, scutellum
and elytra. The teeth of the front tibia and the vertex of the
head at the sides are also black.

It is elongate, cylindrical and convex, smooth above, but not
very shining. The head is densely and moderately finely |)unc-
tured, with the front margin of the clypeus straight, strongly
reflexed and slightly angulated on each side. The pronotuni is
very finely and ratlier closely punctured, with the sides rounded,
the front angles blunt, the hind angles very obtuse and the base
completely margined. The scutellum is finely and moderately
closely punctured, and the elytra are less finely and closely
punctured, some of the punctures forming vague longitudinal
lines, and the intervals everywhere very finely puuctulated. The
pygidium is rather closely punctured, the punctures coalescing
transversely in the basal part and large and distinct tovAards the
apex. The metasternuni is clothed with fairly close but not long
yellow hairs. The legs are moderately long, the front tibia armed
with two strong teeth and a slight upper one, the hind tibia
moderately long, and the longer claw of the front foot cleft.

(5 . The apical tooth of the front tibia is rather sharp and the
inner front claw is dilated.

Length, 21 mm.; breadth, 10*5 mm.

BuEMA : Karen Hills ( W. iJoherty).

Type in the British Museum.

140. Anomala tristis, sp. nov.

Testaceous yellow, with the head and elytra black, the clypeus,
pronotum (except the lateral margins), scutellum, pygidium and
tarsi dark red or brown.

The body is rather elongate, parallel-sided and depressed in
shape. The eyes are very large and prominent, the clypeus
small and I'ugosely punctured, with the front margin straight
and strongly reflexed. The forehead is deeply but not densely
punctured, and the pronotum is also strongly and moderately
closely punctured, with the sides regularly rounded, the front
angles right angles, the hind angles very obtuse and the base
finely margined. The scutellum is finely punctured, and the
elytra are closely and deeply grooved, with close and deep punc-
tures in the grooves. The pygidium is moderately deeply and
closely punctured. The legs are stout, the front tibia armed
with three teeth, of which the uppermost is feeble, the hind
tibia a little constricted before the extremity, and the longer
claw of the front foot only cleft.

ANOMALA.

]59

6 . The club of the antenna is very long.

$ . Unknown.

Length, 11 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.

United Pboyinces : Dehra Duu {Ollenbach, Sept.) ; Sikkim •
Darjiling (G. Rogers).

Type in the British Museum.

141. Anomala madrasica, sp. nov. (Plate IV, fig. 7.)

Ci)estnut-red, with broad lateral margins to the pronotum
(dUatmg behind), the scutellum, the outer margins of the elytra
vaguely, tlie pygidiuni, low«r surface, antennae,' femora and tlbii
pale yellow.

It is ovate, moderately convex, and rather smooth and shining
Tlie head is moderately closely and rather evenly punctured
with the eyes large and prominent, the clypeus small and nearly
semicircular and its margin very strongly reflexed. Tlie pro-
notum is finely and sparsely punctured, with a smooth median
hne, the sides strongly rounded, the front angles blunt, the hind
angles very obtuse and the base finely margined. The scutellum
IS similarly punctured, and the elytra are very deeply punctate-
striate, the second stria irregular, disrupted in front, the fifth and
sixth composed of separate coarse punctures and all resolved into
similar punctures anteriorly. The pvgidium is rather sparinalv
punctured. The legs are not long, the front tibia is armed with
two long sharp teeth, the hind femur is short and thick the hind
tibia stout and dilated at the end, the inner front claw is' cleft and
all bhe rest are simple.

6. The club of the antenna is long, the eyes are very promi-
nent, and the longer front claw is very unequally cleft.

I have not seen a female.

Length, 11 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.

Madras : Chittore (iV. .S'. Brodie, July).

Tyjie in the British Museum.

142. Anomala pellucida. (Plate II, fig. 28.)

Anomala pellucida, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911

p. ooy.

Pale testaceous yellow, with the head (except an indefinite pale
patch on each side of the clypeus), the extreme edges of the
pronotum scutellum, elytra and front tibia?, the hindtibi* and all
the tarsi dark red.

It is rather broadly cylindrical in shape, and convex, smooth
and shining above. The head is finely and densely rugose with
the anterior part of the clypeus and the hinder part of the vertex
shining and distinctly punctured. The eyes are large and pro-
mment, and the clypeus is short, with broadly rounded sides and
strongly reflexed margin. The pronotum is finely, unevenly and
moderately closely punctured, with the sides regularly rounded
the front angles acute, the hind angles very blunt and the base

160 BUTELINiE.

finely and completely margined. The scutellum is finely but not
evenly punctured, a little impressed, bnt not distinctly angulated,
at the apex. The elytra bear seven strongly impressed and closely
punctured doi'sal striae, the second one disrupted at the base, and
the intervals are narrow, smooth and convex. The pygidiuin is-
fiuelv, rather deeply and evenly punctured, and the metasternum
is thinly clothed with short, very pale yellow hairs. The legs are
rather long, the front tibia armed with two strong teeth, the hind
tibia inflated near the base and constricted before the apex, and
the inner front claw only is cleft.

cC . Tlie antennge are long, and the inner front claw is rather
feebly dilated.

2 . The teeth of the front tibia are very long and far apart.

Lem/th, 16-18 mm. ; breadth, U-10 mm.

Ceylon ; Madras: Madura {T. R. D. Bell), Utakamand (C. A.
Barber, April).

Type in the British Museum.

The general colour is very pale, and the abdomen of the dry
specimens is peculiarly transparent.

143. Aiiomala blanchardi, com. no v. (Plate II, fig. 29.)

Anomala testacea, Blanch. ()iec Hope), Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris^
1851 (1850), p. 183.

Testaceous, with the head, a narrow sutural line, the hind tibiae
and all the tarsi dark red.

It is cylindrical in shape, i-ather short and broad, and moderately
convex. The clypeus is rather lightly punctured, smooth and
shining, and the forehead finely rugose. The pronotum is finely
and closely punctured, smooth and shining. The scutellum is
finely punctured, and the elytra are deeply and rather evenly
punctate-striate. The front tibia is armed with two strong teeth,
and the longer claw of the front foot only is cleft.

Length, 14 mm.

Madras : Pondicherry.

Ty2^e in the Paris Museum.

A single specimen only is known of this species, but the author
seems to have associated with it a second specimen which, M. Lesne
informs me, belongs to a different species. It is necessary tO'
change the name on account of its previous employment by Hope
for another Indian species.

144. Anomala semiusta. (Plate II, fig. 30.)

Anomala semiusta, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912, p. 333.

Pule testaceous, with the head, pronotum (except the lateral
margins), the sides of the scutellum and the elytral suture
brown, and tlie clypeus, tibiae and tarsi reddish. The head and
pronotum have usually an exceedingly faint melallic lustre. The
dark central mass of the pronotum is often divided into) two by a
pale median line.

AN'OMALA. 16[

Rather shortly cylindrical and i)arallel-sided, not very convex,
with the clypeiis small, nearly straight in front and finely rugose,
and the forehead rugosely punctured. The pronotum is rather
evenly but not strongly punctured all over, margined at the base,
with the lateral margins and hind angles strongly and continu-
ously rounded. The scutellum is well punctured, and the elytra
are deeply punctate-striate, with the humeral and alternate dorsal
intervals very wide and irregularly punctured, the punctures of
the 4th interval becoming x-educed upon the anterior half to
a single row. The pygidium and metasternum are strongly
and closely punctured and scantily hairy. There is no sternal
process. The front tibia is tri-dentate and the inner claw of
the front tarsus alone is cleft.

S . The eyes are large, the clypeus very small, and the club of
the antenna long. The three teeth of the front tibia are all
well-marked and rather sharp.

5 . The eyes are a little smaller, the clypeus rather larger, the
terminal tooth of the front tibia blunt and clavate and the third
tooth feeble.

Length, 12-14 mm.; breadth, 6*5-7*5 mm.

Burma : Teinzo {L. Fea, May).

Type in the British Museum.

145. Anomala infantilis.

A7iomala infantilis, Arrow, Ann. Mao-. Nat. Hist. ('8) viii 1911
p. 361. K , , ,

Testaceous, with the head, the pronotum (except an irregular
outer margin and generally a very narrow median line), the
scutellum, and the basal and sutural margins of the elytra
(dilating around the scutellum) black or brown. The clypeus,
the extremities of the tibia? and the tarsi are reddish.

The body is moderately elongate, rather parallel-sided and
depressed. The head is strongly punctured, the clypeus small,
with the front margin strongly reflexed and nearly straight in the
middle. The eyes are large and the antennae long. The pro-
thorax is moderately finely and closely punctured ; the lateral
margins are strongly and regularly curved, the front angles
acute and the hind angles not distinct. The scutellum is
minutely punctured, and the elytra are strongly punctate-striate,
the second stria being disrupted at the base and the fifth and
eighth generally more or less irregular. The pygidium is strongly
but not very closely punctured and bears a few long hairs. The
sides of the metasternum are rather closely punctured and thijily
pubescent, and the abdomen is coarsely punctured, each segment
bearing a transverse row of stiff bristles. The front tibia is
tri-dentate, and the inner front claw only ig cleft.

S . The inner front claw is dilated, but very acute, and the
antennal club is very long.

Length, 9-10 mm. ; breadth, 4-5-4*75 mm.

M

162 hutelinyK.

Cetlon : Madulsima (T. B. Fletcher, July, Dec), Diyatalawa
(7'. B. Fletcher, Aug., Sept.), Kelani Valley (Andrewes Coll.),
Kandy {G. P. 8. Baler, April).

Type in the British Museum.

146. Anomala mollis, sp. nov.

Very pale yellow, with the forehead and vertex, the pronotum
(except the lateral maro-ins), the elyti'al suture, a vague spot upon
the humeral callus, and the tibiae and tan^i darker.

It is a very small species, moderately elongate, rather depressed,
and not very shining above. The legs are long and slender. The
head is finely and rather closely punctured, the clypeus very small,
broadly rounded and nearly straight in front. The pronotum is
irregularly and rather strongly punctured, with the sides strongly
rounded, the front angles not sharp, the hind angles very blunt
and the base finely margined. The scutellum bears a few punc-
tures, and the elytra are deeply but unevenly punctate-striate.
The pygidium is strongly punctured. The front tibia bears three
teeth, the uppermost very minute, the hind tibia is slender, and
the longer claw of the front foot only is cleft.

c? . The eyes are very large and prominent, the club of the
antenna is long, and the legs are very slender.

Length, 8-10 mm.; breadth, 4-4*5 ram.

Burma : Teinzo {L. Fea, May).

Type in the Genoa Museum ; co-type in the British Museum.

147. Anomala conformis.

Anomala conformis, Walker,* Ann. Mag. Nat. Ilist (3) iii, 1859,
p. 56.

Orange-testaceous, with the forehead and a narrow sutural line
upon the elytra dark, and the extremities of the tibia^ and the
tarsi reddish.

Oval and convex in shape, smooth and rather shining, with a
very scanty clotliing of hairs beneatli. Tlie head is small, strongly
punctured on the vertex, and rugosely upon the clypeus and tlie
middle of tlie forehead. The eyes are rather large and prominent,
and the clypeus short, with its margin curvilinear and well raised.
The pronotum is finely but rather closely punctured, witii the
lateral margins rounded, the front angles not very sharp and the
hind angles very blunt. The elytra are deeply and strongly
punctate-striate, with the subsutural interval broad and strongly
and irregularly punctured in front, the punctures reduced upon
the posterior half to a single impressed line. The pygidium is
rather strongly and closely punctured, the metasternuni densely and
the abdomen moderately closely. The front tibia is tri-dentate,
the terminal tooth long and slender, the second strong and sharp,
and the third very feeble. The longer claw of the front foot only
is cleft. The hind tibia) are rather inflated before the middle aud
constricted before the extremity.

ANOMALA.. 163

Length, 10-5 nun. ; breadth, 6-5 mm.
Ckylon.

Tijpe in the British Museum.

Besides the type, I have seen only a single specimen (in M. Eene
Oberthiir's collection). Both are females.

148. Anomala walkeri. (Plate II, fig. 33.)

Aiiumala icalheri, Arrow, Trans. Eut. Soc. Loud. 1899, p. 271.
Anomala humeralis, Walker,* Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) iii, 1859,
p. 56.

Bright testaceous yellow, with the head and tarsi reddish, the
vertex, and frequently a very narrow sutural line and the posterior
part of the outer edges of the elytra, black. Tiie humeral calli are
occasionally very slightly stained, but never exhibit a definite
black spot.

The body is rather broad and convex. The head is small, but
the eyes are large ; the clypeue is short, nearly straight in front
and rugose, and the forehead closely punctured. The pronotum
is finely and moderately closely punctured, but less closely
along the middle line, with the sides rounded, the front angles
slightly acuminate and the hind angles obtuse, the base margined
and scarcely prominent in the middle. The scutellum bears a few
punctures, and the elytra are deeply striate-punctate, the second
row of punctures disrupted in the anterior half. The pygidium
is rather closely punctured. The lower surface is very scantily
clothed with hair. The front tibia bears two strong teeth and
an exceedingly feeble upper one, and the hind tibia is inflated
in its upper half, strongly constricted posteriorly and dilated at
the apex.

J . The clypeus is smaller and the eyes are larger than in the
female, the apical tooth of the front tibia is short and sharp, and
the larger front claw a little thickened. The club of the antenna
is vei'y long.

5 . The form is shorter and broader, the hind angles of the
prothorax more rounded, and the apical tooth of the front tibia
longer and blunter than in the male. The antennal club is
moderately long.

Lenr/tJi, 13-16 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.

Ceylon : Kandy (C. F. S. Baker, April), Colombo (G. Letvis,
April), Peradeniva (E. E. Green, Feb.), Kelani Valley {W. Braine),
Hambantota (7'. B. Fletcher, Jan.), Maskeliya {T. B. Fletcher,
March), Madulsima {T. B. Fletcher, May), Galboda {E. E. Green,
Feb.).

T«/y>e in the British Museum.

149. Anomala gravida. (Plate II, fig. 32.)

Anomala (/racida, Arrow, Ann. Mag. N;it. Hist. (8) viii, 191],
p. 360.

Testaceous, with the clypeus and tarsi reddish, and the forehead,

m2

164 RUTELINvE.

the suture and margins of the elytra, and a spot on each shoulder
black.

The body is broadly cylindrical and not very convex. The
clypeus and head are strongly and irregularly, the former
rugosely, punctured. The clypeus is short, not very narrow, with
the front margin broadly rounded and not very strongly reflexed.
The pronotum is short, finely punctured, margined all round and
gently rounded at the sides. The scutellum is finely punctured.
The elytra are deeply punctate-striate, the second stria dividing
in the anterior half. The pygidium and metasternum are rather
strongly and closely punctured. The front tibia is tri-dentate, but
the uppermost tooth is very feeble. The larger claw of the front
foot only is cleft.

d . The club of the antenna is rather long.

Lenr/th, 18 mm.; breadth, 10 mm.

Ceylon: Kelani Valley, nr. Colombo (^^. Braine), Lahugama
(E. E. Green), Balangoda {G. Lnvis, March), Kandy (C. F. S.
Baker, April).

Tyjye in the British Museum.

This species belongs to the pallida group and is closely allied
to the preceding A. wnllceri. Arrow, also a Ceylonese species, which
is smaller and devoid of the black markings of A. gravida. It is
still more like the S. Indian A. communis, Burm., but larger, with
the eyes rather smaller and the clypeus less narrow.

150. Anomala communis. (Plate II, fig. 31).

Anotnala commimis, Burm. Ilandb. Eiit, iv, 1, 1844, p. 236.

Testaceous yellow, with the vertex of the head, a spot on each
shoulder (and usually one upon the apical callus of each elytron)
and the extreme margins of the elytra black, the sutural margins
dilated at the sides of the scutellum.

The form is depressed, but not broad, the clypeus is small and
the eyes nre large. The clypeus is rugosely punctured and nearly
straight in front, and the forehead is finely punctured. The pro-
notum is finely and moderately closely punctured, but less closely
along the middle ; the sides are strongly rounded, the front angles
nearly right angles, the hind angles obtuse, and the base finely
margined and very feebly trisinuate. The scutellum is finely punc-
tured, and the elytra are deeply and regidarly punctate-striate, the
second stria dividing near the scutellum. The pygidium is finely
punctured, the metasternum finely and closely punctured, and tie
lower surface of the body thinly hairy. The front tibia bears tw o
sharp teeth and a feeble upper one, and the hind tibia is a little
constricted before the apex.

6 . The body is longer, flatter and more parallel-sided than
that of the female, and the hind angles of the pronotum are more
distinct. The antenna, and especially the club, is very long, the
clypeus is still smaller than in the female and more hollowed, and
the eyes are larger, the interval between them being less than

ANOMALA. 165

their coinbiited diameter. The front tibiae are broader, the teetli
sharper and the terminal one much shorter and less oblique.

Lenyth^ 12-13 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Bombay: Belgaum {H. E. Andrewcs); Made as : Nilgiri Hills
(//. L. Andrewes), Cochin (Berlin Ent. Mus.), Utakamand (C. A.
Barber), Coorg, Banivarsaiidai, 4000 ft. {T. V. Ramalcrislina, April),
Sonavvarpet, 5U00 ft. {liaiuakrishna, April).

Ti/^e in the Halle Museum.

151. Anomala andamanica, sp. nov. (Plate II, fig. 34.)

Testaceous, with the vertex of the head, two adjacent spots at
the middle of the front margin of the pronotum (sometimes
absent and sometimes fused into a single large patch), a spot on
the humeral callus, an indistinct one on the apical callus, and the
extreme margins of the elytra, black. The elytral margin is
extremely narrow, but expands into a conspicuous patch round
the scutellum. The tarsi and extremities of the tibiae are deep
brown.

The body is moderately elongate, rather parallel-sided and
depressed. The head is strongly and closely punctured, and the
clypeus rather small, with its margin strongly rounded at the
sides but straight in the middle. The pronotum is finely but
strongly and closely punctured, rounded at the sides and
margined at the base. The scutellum is i-ather closely punc-
tured, and the elytra are deeply punctate-striate. The pygidium
is strongly and densely punctured. The metasternum is densely
and tlie abdomen less closely punctured, and the clothing of the
lower surface is exceedingly fine and sparse.

c^ . The body is a little narrower than in the female, the eyes
larger, the clypeus rather smaller, the antennae very long and the
front tibia broader, with very short and sharp teeth.

Length, 13-15 mm. ; breadth, 6*5-7'5 mm.

Andaman Is. ; Nicobar Is. {Capt, Wimherley^ Roepstorff).

Type in the British Museum.

This species is extremely like A. communis, Burm., but the
clypeus is not quite so small and tlie sculpture rather stronger.
The pronotum is more closely punctured and therefore less
shining ; the black spot or spots upon it, when present, at once
identify the species.

152. Anomala latipes.

Anomala latipes, Arrow, Arm. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912, p. 332.

Bright yellow, with the head behind the eyes, a spot on each
shoulder and a broad sutural line extending to the base, black.
A pair of black spots sometimes appears at the middle of the
pronotum. The tarsi are reddish.

The body is rather cylindrical in shape, nearly parallel-sided
and not very depressed. The clypeus is rugose, short and nearly
straight in front, and the forehead is closely punctured. The

166 KtJTELINJfi.

prouotuni is finely and eveiil}' punctured, with the sides rounded,
the front angles acute, the hind angles very obtuse, and the base
finely margined and very feebly trisinuate. The scutelluiu is punc-
tured, and the elytra are deeply punctate-striate. The pygidium is
evenly and faii'ly closely punctured. The lower surface of tfie body
IS very thinly hairy. The front tibia is strongly tridentate, the hind
legs are short, with the feiiiur broad, the trochanter long and not
acute, the tibia broad and not inflated, nor constricted before the
extremity.

(S . The inner anterior claw is unequally divided and the tro-
chanters of the hind legs are long, nearly parallel-sided and rather
promijient at the end.

2 . The black sutural line is broader than in the male, the fore-
head has a rugose area in front, the apex of the front tibia is
spatulate, and the inner anterior claw almost equally divided.

Length, 14'5-lt) mm. ; breadth, 7"5-8 mm.

Burma : Tharrawaddy (6r. Q. Corhett), Cachin Hills.

Type in the British Museum.

A. latqies is very closely like A. communis, Burm., and
A. pallida, Y., but is narrower in shape, the black sutural line
is broadei', especially in the female, and the hind femora and
tibiae are shorter and broader.

153. Anomala biharensis, sp. nov. (Plate II, fig. 36.)

Pale testaceous yellow, with the head of the female, the
extremities of the tibiae, the tarsi, and the extreme margins of
the clypeus, pronotum, scutellum, and elytra, brown.

It is smooth and shining, moderately elongate and not very
convex. The eyes are large, tlie clypeus small, densely and
rugosely punctured, with the front margin nearly straight; the fore-
head is finely and closely punctured. The pronotum is finely and
rather closely punctured, with the sides rounded, the front angles
acute, the liind angles very obtuse and the base finely margined.
The scutelluui is minutely punctured and each elytron bears seven
finely punctured and not very d.eeply impressed dorsal striae, the
second disrupted at the base ; the sutural angles are rounded.
The pygidium is deeply and rather rugosely punctured. The
front tibia is armed with three teeth, of which the uppermost is
very feeble, the hind tibia is very short and stout and a little
constricted before the end, and the longer claw of the front foot
only is cleft.

(3 . The head is pale, the eyes very large, and the longer front
claw very unequally cleft,

2 . The body is stouter, the head red, with the clypeus nearly
black, and the longer front claw nearly equally divided.

Length, 12-15 nnn. ; breadth, 7-8 n)m.

Bengal: Pusa {T. Bainbrigge Fletcher, April-June).

This species was bred from a larva found underground at the
base of a Banyan tree and was also taken at light and at the base

AifoMALl. l67

of a GuUar tree. It differs from the allied species by its almost
uniformly pale colour, without a black vertex, and by the rouuded
sutural angles of the elytra.

154. Anomala stenoptera, sp. nov. (Plate II, fig. 35.)

Pale yellow, w'ith the extreme edges of the elytra dark (the
sutural edge most distinctly), and the tarsi reddish.

It is very long, narrow and parallel-sided and rather smooth
and shining, vvitli long and very stout legs.
It is almost devoid of hairy clothing, but
each ventral segment has a close fringe of
stiff bristles, and the bristles of the tarsi
are very long. The head and clypeus are
moderately closely punctured, the latter
small and broadly rouuded. The pronotum
is rather closely and evenly punctured, with
the sides regularly rounded, the front angles
nearly right angles, the hind angles very
obtuse and the base completely margined.
The elytra are strongly but unevenly
punctate-striate, with a broad irregularly
Fig. ^2.— Anomala punctured subsutural interval. The pygi-
stenoptera, cJ. dium is shining and rather coarsely but
not closely punctured. The front tibia
is tridentate, and the longer claw of the front foot only is cleft.

S ' The club of the antenna is rather long, the tibiae and tarsi
are very thick, and the teeth of the front tibia very minute.
5 unknown.

Length, 12-14-5 mm. ; breadth, 5-5-6-5 mm.
Burma : Teinzo (L. Fea, May).
Tyjpe in the Genoa Museum ; co-type in the British Museum.

155. Anomala antiqua.

Meloloniha antiqua, Gyll., Schouh. Syn. Ins. i, 3, 1817, App.

p. 111.
Melolontha lugubris, Wied., Zool. Mag. ii, 1, 1823, p. 93.
Euchlora area, Perty, Observ. Col. Ind. Or. 1831, p. 34; Hope,

Ann. Nat. Hist, iv, 1840, p. 34.
Anomala antiqua, Buriu., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 282.
Anomala uustralasice, Blackb.,* Proc. Limi. Soc. N. S. Wales, (2)

vii, p. 113.

Very dark metallic greeu or coppery above and beneath, or
pitchy black beneath. The antennae are red.

The shape is convex, moderately elongate and cylindrical. The
entire sternum is clothed with rather short grey hairs, and the
abdominal segments have bands of short golden hairs at the sides.
The clypeus is densely granulated, with the margin rounded and
strongly refiexed, and the forehead is finely and closely punctured.
The pronotum is also finely and closely punctured, very closely at

l68

11UTELIN.1-.

the sides. The lateral margins are rounded, the front angles
rectangular but not sharp, the liind angles rounded and the
base entirely margined. The scutelhnn is finely punctured and
tlie elytra rather less finelj^ but rather closely, and with the
linear arrangement almost obliterated, the intervals being ex-
tremely minutely punctured. The pygidium is rather closely and
the metasternum densely punctured, the latter sparingly in the
middle. The mesosternuni is not produced, and the front tibia is
armed with three teeth. The larger claw of the front and middle
feet is cleft.

d . The front margin of the clypeus is rather more reflexed, and
the inner branch of the inner front claw is very broad and blunt.

Length, 14-17 mm. ; breadth, 8-8"5 mm.

Nepal {Maj.-Gen. Narchuicke) ; Burma: Minhla (Comotto),
Thayetmyo {E. Y. Watson); Hainan; Hongkong; 8iam ;
Tonkin; Annam ; Malay Peninsula; Borneo; Java; Timor;
North Australia.

Ti/iJc in the Stockholm Museum ; that of 31. Inguhris in the
Copenhagen Museum, and that of A. aiistralasia' in the British
Museum.

Allhougli sometimes found in great numbers, the habits of this
insect have not yet been recorded. It is the most widely distributed
species of the genus, and the only one found in Australia.

156. Anomala erosa. (Plate II, figs. 41, 42.)

Anontald erosa, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912, p. 334.

Testaceous, with the eutii-e head, the disc of the pronotum
(sometimes divided by a pale median line), the circumference
or the whole of the scutellum, the inner and outer borders
of the elytra, a vitta extending backwards from the shoulder,
and the grooves and punctures of the elytra black, and with a
very faint coppery or metallic green lustre upon the head and
pronotum. The pygidium and underside of the body are eitlier
entirely pale or partly or entirely black, and the amount of dark
pigmentation generally is extremely variable. The femora are
usually pale, and the tibiae and tarsi are more or less dark.

The body is oval, short, convex, and smooth and shining. The
head is densely and finely punctured, with the clypeus short and
its front margin strongly reflexed. The pronotum is finely and
rather closely punctured, with the sides strongly rounded, the
front angles slightly obtuse and the hind angles rounded away ;
the base is finely margined. The scutellum is finely punctured.
The elytra are very deeply striated, with the striae closely punc-
tured, tlie primary dorsal costae very narrow, the intermediate
intervals A'ery broad, the lateral ones strongly punctured all over
and the dorsal ones with deep crowded punctures along the
middle, the latter reduced to a single row posteriorly upon
the 2nd (subsutural) interval and anteriorly upon the 4th interval.
The pygidium is finely and subrugosely punctured, and the lower

ANOMAtA. 16&

surface is finely punctured and only very scantily hairy. There
is no uiesosteriial process. The front tibia is tridentate and the
longer claw of the front and middle feet cleft ; the hind tibia is
not strougly inflated or constricted.

c?. The inner front claw is very broad and divergently cleft,
and the last abdoiuiual segment is extremely short and only
visible at the sides.

2 . The penultimate ventral segment is very broad and the last
segment well developed.

Length, 11-5-14-5 mm.; breadth, 7-8-5 mm.

Burma: Mandalay(June — PusaCoU.), 8henmaga (L. Fea, June).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the Genoa Museum.

This is closely related to .-1. varicolor, Gyll., of which it has
the general appearance and type of coloration, as well as great
variability in the degree of piguientation.

Taken at light.

157. Anomala vivida, sp. nov.

Eed-browu, with the upper surface, tibiae and tarsi suffused
with a brilliant golden-green lustre, the elytra generally becoming
a little paler towards their extremities, and the apex of tlie
pygidium, the lower surface of the body, the femora and antennaj
reddish yellow.

Bather broadly oval in shape and only moderately convex.
The eyes are very large and prominent, the clypeus small, with
its margin strongly reflexed and nearly straiglit in front. The
clypeus and forehead are rather finely rugose, and the vertex is
strongly punctured. The pronotum is closely punctured but
very shining, with its sides strongly curved, the front angles
nearly right angles, the hind angles obtuse, and the base strongly
trisinuated and completely margined. The scutellum is impressed
at its apex and strongly punctured. The elytra are deeply but
rather indefinitely punctate-striate, the subsutural interval being
very broad, and deeply and ratlaer coarsely punctured. The
pygidium is coarsely transversely striolated. The sides of the
metasternum are finely rugose and clothed with rather long, but
not very tiiick, tawny hair. The front tibia is armed with two
strong teeth, the hind tibia is inflated before the middle and
rather dilated at the extremity, and the longer claws of the front
and middle feet are cleft.

c? . The club of the antenna is very long, and the e3'^es are
separated by a distance only about one and a half times their
diameter.

1 have not seen a female.

Lenijfh, 15-17 mm. ; breadth, 7'5-8'5 mm.

Assam : Cachar.

Tyjye in the British Museum.

This and the seven following species are known almost exclu-
sively from male specimens, the females probably being sluggisli
and therefore rarely seen.

170 feUtELlNJi.

158, Anomala procrastinator, sp. nov.

Coppery, with the liead uiid prothorax, and sometimes also the
tibiae, abdomen and pygidium, dark coppery green.

It is i-ather bi'oadly ovate and depressed, with the entire upper
surface very closely sculptured and scarcely shining, the meta-
sternum thickly and the abdomen, pygidium and legs scantily
clotlied with pale yellowish hair. Tlie head is densely rugose,
the eyes very large and prominent, the clypeus very narrow (not
much broader than the diameter of the eye as seen from the side)
and its entire margin strongly reflexed. The pronotum is twice
as broad as it is long in the middle, strongly and densely punc-
tured, with the sides gently curved, all the angles rounded, and
the base gently trisinuate and finely margined. The scutellum
is moderately punctured, and the elytra are strongly sulcate, with
the intervals narrow, convex and rugosely punctured ; the mem-
branous margin is rather broad at the extremities. The pygidium
is very finely and densely coriaceous. The legs are moderately
slender, the front tibia armed with two teeth, the upper one
small, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

6 . The club of the antenna is longer than the footstalk and
more than twice as long as the clypeus, and the lower lobe of the
inner front claw is dilated.

The female is unknown.

Length, 13 mm. ; breadth, 7'5 mm.

Ceylon : AVeligama (E. E. Green, Dec).

Type, in the British Museum ; a co-type in the collection of the
Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya.

it is not altogether impossible that this is A. infixa, "Walker,
but the type of that is unknown and in its absence there can be
no sufficient certainty that the species really belongs to the genus
or subfamily.

159. Anomala luridicollis.

Anomala luridicollis, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,
p. 482.

Pale yellow, with the head coppery or deep metallic green, and
the pronotum, scutellum and tibiae pale crimson with a metallic
lustre. The lower surface and })ygidium are clothed with rather
long grey hair, and the pygidium is more or less brown in colour.

The body is rather elongate and parallel-sided, with its greatest
width near the posterior extremity. The eyes are large, the clypeus
small and rugose, with the margin strongly reflexed, and the fore-
head roughly and irregularly punctured. The pronotum is rather
uniformly but not very closely punctured, with a trace of a median
groove; it is short, with all the angles rounded off, the sides
strongly curved, the base trisinuate and completely margined.
The scutellum bears a few fine punctures. The elytra are mode-
rately closely and regularly punctured in rows. The pygidium is

anomala. 171

rather strougly but unequally punctured and thinly dot lied with
long erect grey hairs. There is no mesosternal proces.s.

I have seen only male examples, in which the antennal club is
very long, the front tibia is strongly bidentate, and the inner front
claw dilated, very acute and minutely cleft at the outer edge.

Len(/th, 11 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.

Madras : Shembaganur (P. du Breuil), Trichinupoli {J.
Castets).

Type in the British Museum.

160. Anomala aegrota, sp. nov. (Plate lY, fig. 4.)

Pale testaceous yellow, with the head, pronotum, scutellum,
tibiae and tarsi a little darker, the head with a very faint crimson
metallic suffusion.

It is ovate and moderately convex, with fine yellowish hair
upon the metasternum and the end of the pygidium. The head
is rugosely punctured, with the eyes very large and prominent.
The clypeus is very small, tl^e width scarcely greater than the
diameter of the eye (seen from the side), rectangular, with the
sides parallel and the front margin feebly curved and very strongly
reflexed. The pronotum is finely and fairly closely punctured,
with the sides strougly rounded, ail the angles very blunt and the
base finely margined. The scutellum is finely punctured, aud
the elytra are moderately finely punctured in rows, with a minute
puncturing upon the intervals. The subsutural interval is irre-
gularly punctured. The pygidium is finely and sparsely punctured
and hairy at the apex, and more coarsely and rugosely punctured
upon tlie remaining surface. The front tibia is armed with two
strong sharp teeth, and the longer claw is cleft upon the front
and middle feet.

c5' . The club of the antenna is rather longer than the foot-
stalk and its joints are widest in the middle and rather abruptly
narrowed a little before the end.
5 unknown.

Length, ll-5-12'5 mm.; breadth, 6-7 mm,

Assam: Jorhat (Des^une, April); Sikkim : Gopaldhara, Rung-
bong Valley {H. Stevens).

Type in the British Museum.

161. Anomala praenitens, sp. nov.

Chestnut-red, with the lower surface, femora and antennal
club a little lighter and the vertex of the head darker, the head
and pronotum suffused with a slight metallic green lustre. The
metasternum is clothed thickly, the abdomen thinly, and the
pygidium still more thinly, with tawny hair.

The body is elongate-ovate in shape, stout and convex. The
eyes are large and prominent, and their diameter, as seen from
the side, about equal to the breadth of the clypeus or forehead.
The latter is deeply aud densely punctured, and the small clypeus

Ij72, RtJTELINJE.

is Dearly semicircular, finely and rather rugosely punctured, with
the margins strongly reflexed. The pronotum is strongly and
closely punctured, with the sides slightly curved in front, nearly
straight from before the middle, and all the angles very obtuse,
the base being completely margined. The scutelluin is finely
punctured. The elytra are punctate-striate, with the entire
surface finely but not closely punctulated; the subsntiiral in-
terval is broad, and irregularly and rugosely punctured, and the
third, fifth and seventh intervals are narrow and slightly elevated.
The pygidium is feebly striolated.

6 . The club of the antenna is as long as the footstalk and
twice as long as the clypeus. The legs are slender, the front
tibia armed with two sharp teeth, the hind femur rather thick;
all the claws are slender, shar];) and undivided, the inner front
claw having an angular flange at its lower edge.

5 unknown.

Length, 12-15 mm. ; breadth, 6-5-7-5 mm.

Assam : Tejpur.

Ti/jJe in the British Museum.

One specimen has been received from the Pu«a Agricultural
Research Institute, and M. Oberthiir lias two, formerly in the
collection of H. W. Bates.

162. Anomala stenodera, sp. nov.

Very dark red-brown, a little paler upon the elytra, and with
the pronotum very feebly suffused with a greenish metallic
lustre. The antennae are yellowish.

Elongate-oval in shape and narrow in front, with the meta-
sternum and the sides of the abdomen clothed with rather long
tawny hair. The eyes are very large and prominent, separated
by a distance less than twice their diameter, and the clypeus
is very narrow, hollowed and rather scantily punctured. The
forehead and vertex are evenlj^ punctured and a little more
strongly than the clypeus. The pronotum is rather narrow
and strongly and closely punctured, especially at the sides, which
are obtusely aagulated before the middle, and the front and
hind angles are also obtuse, the base being completely margined.
The scutellum is strongly punctured, and the elytra are deeply
punctate-striate, the secoiid stria becoming disrupted in its
anterior half and the fifth interval broad with a few irregular
])unctures behind ; the marginal membrane is rather broad and
conspicuous at the extremity. The pygidium is strongly and
closely punctured. The front tibia is armed with two very
sharp teeth, the hind tibia is short and stout, and the longer
claw of the front and middle feet is minutely cleft at the tip.

(S . The antennal club is very long, the eyes are very large, and
the inner front claw is abruptly lobed near the base.
Lenr/th, 14-15 mm. ; breadth, 8 nun.

Bhutan {Capt. Pemberton) ; Assam: Tejpur (Deseiuie), Jorhat
{Desenne, May).

ANOMALA. 173

1(53. Anomala macropliylla.

Mvlolontha macrophyUa, Wiedemann, Zool. Mag. ii, 1, 18:^3, p. 91.
Anomala rmiipemiis, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. ]']nt. Mus. Paris, 1-.j1
(1850) p. 182.

Bright testaceous yellow, with the iiead, pronotum, scutelluni,
tibijB and tarsi orange, the sides of tlie pronotum paler.

The body is stoutly built, convex, ovate and rather thinly
clothed beneath with bristly yellow hairs. The liead is densely
punctured, and the clypeus small, transversely rectangular in
shape, but with the front angles strongly rounded and the margin
strongly reflexed. The pronotum is very convex and finely and
closely punctured, with tlie sides strongly curved, all the angles
obtuse and the base finely margined. The scutellum and elytra
are finely and rather closely and rugosely punctured, and tlie
latter are deeply longitudinally sulcate, with scarcely perceptible
punctures in the sulci, the intervals convex, except the sub-
suturai one, which is broad and has a row of large irregular
pits along the middle. The pygidium and the sides of the
metasternuni and abdomen are finely rugulose. Tlie front tibiae
are bidentate, and the longer claw of the front and middle tarsi
is verv minutely cleft. The outer front claw is scarcely shorter
than the inner one and has a slight internal dilatation which
does not reach the tip, giving it the shape of a parrot's bill.

c? . Tlie club of the antenna is extremely long, and the eyes
are very large and prominent, the intervening space being little
wider than the diameter of one of the eyes. The teeth of the
front tibia are short and sharp, and the cleavage of the inner
claw is so minute that the outer division is frequently lost.

5 . The eyes have little more than half the diameter of those
of the male.

Females appear to be rare, as I have seen only one (in the
Indian Museum Collection).

Length, 13-15 mm. ; breadth, 7-8 mm.

E. Bengal : Dacca (//. E. Stapletnn^ Dec), Damukdia (June\
Maldali {E. T. Atlcinson).

Tijpe in the Co])enhagfn University Museum ; that of A, rur/i
pennis in the Paris Museum.

] 64. Anomala euops, sp. nov. (Plate IV, fig. 3.)

Pale yellow, with the forehead, the pronotum (except at the
sides), scutellum, elytral suture, pygidium, tibite and tarsi reddish,
occasionally Avith a slight metallic lustre. The sternum is rather
thickly clothed, the abdomen thinly and the pygidium still more
thinly, with erect yellow hair.

The body is short, compact and convex, and the legs are
slender. The eyes are very large and prominent and about
equal in diameter, as seen from above, to the interval between
them. The clypeus is very small, not much wider than it is

174 EUTELIN.'E.

long, its breadth about equal to the diameter of the eye as seen
from the side ; it is rounded, smooth and shining, rather finel_y
punctured, with the margin strongly re-
flexed all round. The forehead is rather
rugosely punctured. The pronotum is
short, broad and finely ])unctured, but a
little more coarsely and less closely at the
sides, which are strongly rounded, the
anterior angles obsolete, the hind angles
obtuse aud the base finely margined. The
scutellum is finely punctured, and the
elytra are shining, but rather closely
punctured in rows, with the alternate
intervals wider and irregularly punctured.
pj„_ 43 The pygidium is finely transversely rugulose,

Aiwmala euops, (^ . 6- The club of the antenna is longer

than the footstalk and more than twice
the length of the clypeus. The front tibia bears two sharp teeth,
the hind femur is rather thick, all the claws are long, sharp and
undivided, and the inner front one is dilated.
2 unknown.

Lewjth, 9-12 mm. ; breadth, 4'5-7 mm.
Bengal : Pusa ( T. Bainhrigge Fletcher).
Type in the British Museum.
Attracted by light (July to Oct.).

105. Anomala propinqua. (Plate III, fig. 24.)

Anomala propinqua, Arrow, Ann. Mng. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912,
p. 77.

Coppery, with the elytra chestnut, sliglitly metallic, the sides of
the pygidium and of the abdominal segments having more or less
distinct paler spots, those on the pygidium generally uniting to
form a wavy line. The sternum is tliickly clothed with long
tawny hairs, and there are a few similar hairs on the vertex of
the head and the apex of the pygidium.

The body is slightly elongate, broadest near the extremity, and
convex. The head is densely rugose and opaque, and the clypeus
transverse, with the front margin gently rounded. The pronotum
is completely margined and minutely punctured, the punctures
being fairly close in the middle and rather dense at the sides ; the
lateral margins are obtusely angulated in the middle, the front
angles are sharp, the hind angles blunt but a little produced, and
the base is trisinuate. The scutellum is finely punctured and has
a short linear impression on each side. Each elytron has a deep
sutural stria and four paired striae enclosing elevated costse, and
the intervening spaces are flat and sirongly aud irregularly
punctured. The pygidium is finely, and at the sides densely and
rugosely, punctured. The mesosternum is not produced, the front

ANOMALA, 175

tibia is bidentate, and the larger claw of the front and middle
feet is cleft.

d' . Eather less elongate than the female; the front tibial teeth
are sharper, the front tarsi thickened, and the larger claw broad
and abruptly bent. The longer spur of the hind tibia is slender
and clubbed at tlie end.

Length, 16-18 mm. ; breadth, 9-9-5 mm.

Assam : Sylhet, Cachar ; Sikkim : Darjiling ; United Pro-
VIN'CES : Jolikote (June).

Ttji)e in the British Museum.

This species, although different in colour and in the sculpture
of the elytra, has evidently a peculiarly close relationship to
A. anthracina, the pale marks upon the pygidium and the
curiously shaped spur of the hind tibia of tlie males being
identical in the two.

It was taken upon a chestnut-tree at Jolikote.

KiG. Anomala anthracina. (Plate 111, fig. 23.)

Anomala anihracina, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912,
p. 76.

Black, with a very feeble metallic lustre above, especially visible
upon the head and pronotum, the mouth and antennae dull red,
and the sides of the pygidium and abdominal segments exhibiting
spots of the same colour, those of the pygidium generally uniting
to form a wavy line. The sternum is thickly clothed witli long
tawny hair, and the vertex of the head and apex of the pygidium
bear a few similar hairs.

The body is stout and convex, not long, widest near the
extremity. The head is densely rugose and opaque, and the
clypeus transverse and very gently curved at the front margin.
The pronotum is minutely punctured, i-ather densely at tlie
sides, but more scantily on the disk ; it is entirely margined,
the sides are rounded, the hind angles well marked and the base
rather prominent in the middle. The scutellum is scarcely
punctured, but generally bears an impressed line on each side.
The elytra are deeply and rather evenly sulcate internally,
less deeply and more irregularly punctate-striate externally.
The pygidium is finely and densely punctate-rugose. The meso-
sterniim is not produced, the front tibia is bidentate, and the
laro-er claw of the front and middle tarsi is cleft.

J . The body is shorter, the front tibial teeth shnrper, the
front tarsi thickened and their larger claw very broad. The longer
spur of the hind tibia is slender, but clubbed at the end.

Length, 14-16 mm. ; breadth, 8-9-5 mm.

Sikkim: Kurseong, 6000 ft. {E.A. D'Ahreu, R, Verschraegheii),
Mungphu {E. T. AtlAmon), Darjiling { Harm and) \ Bhi'tan :
Maria Basti {L. Durel).

I'yiH in the British Museum.

176 rutelinte.

167. Anomala fulvohirta.

Aiiomala fulvohirta^ Arrow, Aun. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvi, 1915,

p. 231."
A^iomala peninsularis, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,

p. 483.

Coppery, with the pronotuni and pygidiuui generally dai'ker and
more green, their lateral margins, as well as the lower surface of
the body and the femora, yellow, the tibite and tarsi reddish
brown.

Compactl}' oval, convex and moderately shining. The head
and clypeus are densely and rugosely punctured, the latter rather
small and broadly rounded in front, and the eyes large and
prominent. The pronotum is evenly and moderately strongly
punctured, its sides are rounded, with the front angles ratlier blunt,
the hind angles slightly obtuse but well marked, and the base
very gently trisinuate, with a margin defined in the middle
by irregular punctures, but not by a stx-ia. The scutellum bears
a few fine punctures. The elytra are strongly and closely
punctured, most of the punctures forming longitudinal rows, but
with a broad subsutural space which is irregularly punctured.
The pygidiuui is microscopically rugose. The metasternum is
densely punctured and thickly clothed with tawny hair, and the
abdomen is finely and sparingl}^ punctured, with a few setae only.
The n)esosternum is not produced. The front tibia is strongly
bidentate, and the larger claw of the front and middle tarsi cleft.

(S . The inner anterior claw is broad, sharply angulated near
th(' base and acute at the tip.

LenrjtJt, 14"5-16'5 mm.; breadth, 8-9-5 n)ni.

Madras : Shembaganur (P. die Brenil).

Type in the British Museum.

'L'his has a rather close affinity with A. discalis. Walker, but is
a little larger and more elongate, with less deeply striated elytra
and much more closely and finely sculptured pygidium.

168. Anomala discalis.

Anomala discalis, Walker,* Ann. ^fag. Nat. Hist. (3) iii, 1859,
p. m.

Testaceous, with a faint metallic suflPusion, and with the
forehead and vertex, the pronotum, except the lateral margins,
the scutellum, elytra, hind tibiae, and all the tarsi mahogany-red
or brown. The pygidium is dark metallic green, with the exception
of tlie sides and apex, which are pale yellow.

It is oval in shape, rather broad behind, moderately convex and
not very shining. The head is closely and very deeply punc-
tured, with the clypeus small and its front margin straight, the
eyes prominent but not very large. The pronotum is similarly
strongly and evenly punctured, with the sides regularly curved,
all the angles blunt and the base completely margined. The
scutellum is strongly but not closely punctured, and the elytra

ANOMAIiA. 177

are very strongly and deeply sulcate, with the sulci rather inde-
finitely punctured, the primary costse narrow and convex, and the
intervening (second and fourth) intervals strongly and confluently
punctnred. The pygidiura is coarsely transversely rugose and
fringed with long hairs at the apex. The mesosternum is not
produced, and the metasternum is densely punctured and clothed
with not very long or thick yellow hair. The front tibia is
bidentate, the hind tibia moderately slender, not inflated or con-
stricted, and the longer claw cleft on the front and middle feet.

J . The antennse are moderately long, the teeth of the front
tibia are not strong or sharp, and the lower lobe of the inner
front claw is dilated.

Length, 13 nun.; breadth, 7 mm.

Ceyloi^.

Type in the British Museum.

The type remains the only known specimen of this species. Only
the clypeus, pygidium and parts of the legs of this specimen show
a shght metallic lustre, but it is possible that it is not quite normal
and that others will prove to be more deeply and brilliantly coloured.

169. Anomala dilatata, sp. nov.

Light chestnut-brown, with the lateral margins of the pronotum,
the pygidium, lower surface and femora pale yellow, the head,
pronotum and scutellum having a light metallic green suffusion.

The shape is shortly oval, with the pronotum rather narrow
and tlie elytra regularly dilating from the shoulders to near the
extremities. It is compact and convex, only moderately shining
above, with the legs and sternum clothed with rather long and
thick yellow hair. The head is densely rugose, with the clypeal
margin strongly reflexed, rounded at the sides and nearly straight
in front. The pronotum is rather strongly and closely punc-
tured, with the sides evenly rounded, the front angles nearly
rioht angles, the hind angles rounded and the base completely
margined. The scutellum is well punctured, and the elytra bear
a sutural line and two dorsal pairs of lines of strongly impressed
punctures, the interval between the latter bearing a row of
punctures disrupted behind, the subsutural and humeral intervals
very broad and strongly and irregularly punctured. The pygidium
is transversely striolated and bears a few long erect hairs towards
its extremity. The tibiae are short, the front ones armed with
two strong teeth, the hind ones dilated at the extremity. The
longer front and middle claws are cleft.

cJ . The club of the antenna is as long as the footstalk, and the
inner front claw is short, broad and strongly angulated at its
low^er edge.

I have not seen a female.

Lengili, 12-14 mm. ; breadth, 7-7-5 mm.

Burma: Tenasserim Mts., Siam border (A". O. Gairdner, Feb.-
May).

Type in the British Museum.

178

RUTBLIN^.

170. Anomala ignicollis.

Anomala ignicollis. Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris, 1851
(1850), p. 191.

Blood-red, with the head darker, the pronotum suffused with
a slight metallic lustre, and the legs, the lower surface and the
extremity of the pygidium clothed with rather long tawny hair.

It is a short, compact, highly convex and shining insect. The
head is small and densely rugose, the clypeus broadly rounded
and the suture well marked. The prouotum is minutely and
rather evenly puuctured, with the sides rounded, the base com-
pletely margined and broadly rounded, and all the angles obtuse.
The scutellum is broader than it is long, obtuse at the apex, and
bears a few punctures. The elytra are rather strongly punctate-
striate, with the alternate intervals broad and irregularly punc-
tured. The pygidium is closely, rather finely and rugosely
punctured, a little less closely at the apex, whei'e it bears a
few tawny hairs. The sternum is closely, and the abdomen
thinly, hairy. The longer claw o£ the front and middle feet is
cleft only at the tip.

(S . The last joint of the front tarsus is deeply notched near the
base, and the inner claw is strongly bent near the base, afterwards
straight, parallel-sided and slightly cleft at the tip.

Length, 13-15 mm.: breadth, 7*5-9 mm.

Madras: Nilgiri Hills, Utakamand (C. A. Barber, April),
Pondicherry.

Ti/pe in the Paris Museum.

171. Anomala dorsopicta.

Anomala doi'sopicta, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912,
p. 335.

Bright testaceous yellow, with the head and tarsi reddish, and
the forehead (except a triangular excision in front), a longitudinal
bar on each side of the pronotum (extend-
ing from front to hind margin and emitting
an external branch at the middle), and the
elytra (except an oblique oval patch a little
before the middle of each) black. The
head and prothorax have generally a very
slight metallic lustre.

The shape is elongate-oval, moderately
broad and not very convex. The head
is strongly and rather evenly punctured,
with the clypeus short, rounded at the
sides and strongly reflexed at the edge.
The pronotum is rather finely but regu-
larly punctured, strongly rounded at the
sides, margined and trisinuate at the base, with the hind angles
very obtuse. The scutellum is punctured and the elytra are deeply
punctate-striate, with the intervals narrow and convex, and the

Fig. 44.
Anomala dorso'jncta.

ANOMALA. 179

outer edge flattened for a short distance behind the shoulder. The
pygidium is evenly punctured and the sides of the metasternum
rugosely punctured and very thinly clothed with short hair. The
front tibiae are strongly bidentate, and the larger claw of the front
and middle feet is cleft.

cf . The forehead and clypeus are shining, and the inner lobe
of the cleft anterior claw is broad.

5 . The forehead and clypeus are more densely punctured and
scarcely shining, and the dilated margins of the elytra are
thickened.

Length, 13-14 mm. ; breadth, 7-8 mm.

Burma : Thnrrawaddy, Taung-ugu, Prome {O. Q. Corhett),
Bhamo Hills, 4000 ft. {F. M. MacJcivood, May).

Tyj^e in the British Museum.

172. Anomala fallaciosa, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 22.)

Testaceous yellow, with the head a little darker, the vertex on
each side, tlie humeral calli and a narrow marginal line entirely
surrounding the elytra brown or black ; the tarsi are also dark.
The anterior part of the upper surface is faintly suffused with a
metallic lustre, which is not very apparent but constitutes an
important distinctive feature.

It is shining, oval in form and not very convex, and the legs
are rather short and stout. The head is rugosely punctured,
except upon the vertex, which is strongly and not very closely
punctured, the eyes are large and prominent and the clypeus
very short and broadly rounded. The pronotum is moderately
finely and closely punctured, with the sides strongly rounded,
the front angles acute, the hind angles rounded and the base
completely margined. The scutellum is finely punctured, and
the elytra bear seven deep equidistant and closely punctured
dorsal striae, the second disrupted at the base. The pygidium
is moderately strongly and closely punctured, and the meta-
sternum is thinly clothed with short erect hairs. The front
tibia is armed with two strong and rather closely approximated
teeth, the hind tibia is short and broad, but a little narrowed at
the extremity, and the longer front and middle claws are cleft.

S . The club of tlie antenna is moderately long, the front tibia
is short and broad, and the front tarsus rather short and thick.
5 unknown.

Length, 13 mm. ; breadth, 7 mm.

Burma : Tharrawaddy {G. Q. Corhett).

Type in the British Museum.

I know only the unique type specimen presented by Mr. H. E.
Andrewes to the British Museum. The species is remarkable
for its close resemblance to A. communis, Burm., with which in
its general aspect and coloration it is identical. A rather close
examination is necessary to detect the very slight metallic lustre
which shows it to belong to a different group and this is

n2

180 RUTELINiE.

correlated with a, different claw-structure, the longer front claw
only being cleft in the species of the communis group, while here
those of both front and middle feet are cleft in the male, and
probably also in the female. The nearest ally of A. falladosa is
A. marginipennis, but in that species the male has the claws as in
A. communis and the female as in A. falladosa. The present
species may be further distinguished from A. communis by^ its
shorter and broader olypeus,bidentate front tibia, the obsolete hind
angles of the prothorax and, in the male, by the smaller eyes and
shorter antennal club.

173. Anomala marginipennis. (Plate II, fig. 37.)

Anonialii marginipennix, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912,

p. 78.

Pale testaceous, with the head between the eyes, a narrow
marginal line entirely encircling each elytron and a humeral
spot black, aud the tai'si red. The upper surface is suffused
with a faint metallic lustre, which is scarcely apparent except
upon the forehead and the narrow black margins.

Tlie form is moderately long, rather depressed and parallel-
sided. The head is entirely, closely aud strongly punctured, with
the clypeus very short and the eyes large and prominent. The
pronotum is everywhere closely punctured, completely margined,
with the front angles sharp, the hind angles rounded away
and the base trisinuate. The scutellum is irregularly punctured
and the elytra are deeply punctate-striate, the second stria
breaking up in the anterior half. The pygidium is strongly
and rather closely punctured, the metasternum finely punc-
tured and thinly pubescent. The front tibia is bidentate, and
the middle and hind tibioB are stout and not dilated at the end.

S . The clyppus is very small and yellow in colour, the yellow
extending augularly backwards between the eyes. The club of
the antenna is moderately long, and the longer claw of the front
foot only is cleft.

5 . The clypeus is rather larger and of a dark red colour. Tiie
eyes are smaller, the terminal tooth of the front tibia long and
blunt, and the longer claw of the middle and hind feet minutely
cleft at the tip.

Length, 14-16 mm, ; breadth, 7-8 mm.

Assam : Khasi Hills, 3000-500(.t ft., Jorhat {Desennc), Patkai
Hills ( W. Doherty) ; j^kpal ; Sikkim : Gropaldhara, llungbong
Valley (H. Steuensj,'MimgY>hn (E. T. Atlinson) ; Bexgal: Buxar
Dnars (D. Naoroji).

This species has a remarkably deceptive resemblance to A. com-
munis, Burin., and its immediate allies, and a close examination is
necessary to reveal the fact that it renlly belongs to a different
section of the genus. The metallic suffusion is extremely faint,
but its significance is confirmed by the complete absence of a
thii'd tooth to the front tibia, much shorter male antennal club

ANOMALA.

181

than in A. communis, etc., unci above all by the cleft middle claw
of the female.

The representatives from Sikkim and Assam, respectively,
really form two distinct races, as shown by the two forms of
sedeagus of the males, but as T have found no external difference
I have followed the principle explained in the Ijitroduction and
treated them as one.

174. Anomala viridilatera, sp. nov.

Golden yellow, with the forehead and vertex, tlie pronotum
(except the lateral margins), and tiie tarsi dark coppery green,
the elyti-a coppery, with the external margins vivid peacock-greeu,
and the scutellum and the outer face of the tibiae also of the latter
colour. The abdomen is slightly yellowish.

The body is moderately elongate in shape, rather broad behind
and not very convex. The head is small, rugosely punctured,
with the clypeus short and straight in front. The pronotum is
shining, finely and sparsely punctui'ed, with the sides strongly
and evenly rounded, the front angles acute, the hind angles
obtuse, and the base entirely and strongly margined. The scu-
tellum is very short, semicircular (not pointed) and bears a few
punctures. The elytra have each two strongly elevated discoidal
costse, bordered by strongly impressed longitudinal lines of large
punctures, with wide and coarsely and irregularly punctured
intervals. The pygidium is smooth and shining, rather sparsely
and feebly punctured. The pronotum is produced behind the
front coxae into a sharp vertical knife-like process. The sides of
the metasternum are finely punctured and clothed with very
fine inconspicuous pale hair. The legs are stout, the front tibiee
armed with two sharp teeth, the hind tibia stout and not long,
and the longer front and middle claws cleft.

c? . The club of the antenna is long, and the inner front claw
ia unequally cleft, but not noticeably dilated.

Length, 12 mm. ; breadth, 6-5 mm.

Bengal : Buxar Duars {D. Naoroji, May) ; Sikkim : Gopald-
bara, Eungbong Valley (B. Stevens).

Type in the British Museum.

This is like no other Indian species known to me, but is related
to the Japanese A. difficlUs, Waterh.

175. Anomala birmana.

Pseudosinuhala hirmmia, lieller,* Deutsche Eiit. Zeits. 1891, p. 297

iS).
Pseudosinrjhala rur/osifrons, Heller,* 1. c. ( $ ).

Pale testaceous yellow, Avith a faint metallic lustre, and with
the head, a large patch occupying the whole centre part of the
pronotum and usually extending in the middle to the base, the
basal and lateral margins of the elytra, and an intra-apical spot

182 EUTBLIN^.

upon each, dark brown or black. The pygidium is generally
decorated with a dark spot on each side, and the front tibia? and
all the tarsi are usually also dark, but all the dark parts are liable
to reduction or extension, and the upper surface may be wholly
pale, or wholly dark, with the exception of the sides of the pro-
notuni and the scutellum.

It is a stout, compact and convex insect, very shining and
almost devoid of hair. The head is finely and densely rugose, and
the clypeus shortly semicircular. The pronotum is rather finely
and closely punctured, with the sides strongly curved and the
base gently and uniformly curved, and without a marginal stria.
The scutellum is much broader than it is long and well punctured.
The elytra are strongly punctured in nearly uniform and equi-
distant rows, and strongly separately rounded at the end. The
pygidium is strongly, and at the base rather conflueutly, punctured.
There is no sternal process. The front tibia is strongly but not
acutely bidentate, the hind tibia is short and stout, and the longer
claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

S . The club of the antenna is as long as the footstalk, and
the lower lobe of the longer front claw is very broad.

Length, 5*5-6 mm, ; breadth, 3-3*5 mm.

Burma : Karen Hills ( W. Doherty), Meekalan Hills {L. Fea,
March),

Types ( S and $ ) in Capt, Moser's collection,

176, Anomala hamifera.

Omaloplia hamifera, Walker,* Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) iii, 1859,
p, 56.

Pale testaceous, with a slight metallic lustre, and with the
vertex of the head, the entire middle part of the pronotum
(divided into two by a narrow pale line) and
a small elongate mark near each lateral
margin, the elytral suture (very narrowly),
a short transverse bar crossing the suture
before the middle, an abrupt dilatation of
the posterior extremity of the sutural line,
continued round the outer margin to the
shoulder (interrupted behind the latter by
an oblique pale mark), and usually a spot
at the base of the pygidium on each side,
black or dark brown. Parts of the sternum
p. ,- _ , and abdomen, the tarsi and the inner surface

^^' hamifera!^"^ '^ of the four posterior tibiae are also dark-
coloured.
This is one of the smallest species of the genus. It is short,
broad behind and not very convex. The clypeus is finelv punc-
tured, short and broad, with the front margin nearly straight and
well reflexed. The forehead is rather more strongly and closely
punctured. The pronotum is strougly transverse and rather

ANOMALA. 183

strongly pimctured, with the sides evenly rounded, the front
angles obtuse and the hind angles nearly obsolete ; the base is
gently and almost uniformly rounded and bears an impressed
marginal line. Tlie scutellum is scarcely punctured, and the
elytra have six deep and coarsely punctured dorsal striae, the
second interval being coarsely and confluently punctured. The
pygidium is coarsely punctured. The mesosternum is not pro-
duced ; the fi'ont tibia is bidentate, the hind tibia stout and scarcely
constricted, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet is
cleft.

<S . The club of the antenna is as long as the footstalk.

Length, 5-6 mm. ; breadth, 3 mm.

Ceylon : Hakgala {E. E. Green, March).

T^jpe in the Bi'itish Museum.

177. Anomala mus. (Plate III, fig. 30.)

Anomala mm, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911, p. 485.

Pale yellow with the posterior part of the head, the pronotum
(except a lateral border, enclosing a dark spot, and a narrower
front and hind border, and sometimes an incomplete narrow
median line), the extreme edges of the elytra and a humeral spot
on each, two spots on each side of the pygidium, the lower surface
and parts of the legs, coppery- or greenish-black.

A variety occurs in which the dark-coloured areas haye ex-
tended, and broad longitudinal dark bands appear at the suture
and sides of the elytra and from the shoulder to the apex, leaving
only a narrow thoracic margin, the scutellum and two ill-defined
stripes on each elytron pale. The Madura specimens are all of
this variety.

It is small, ovate, and only sparingly hairy beneath. The head
is rugose and the clypeus rather broadly rounded. The pronotum
is very shining, strongly, rather evenly but not thickly punc-
tured; the sides are strongly rounded, the front angles nearly
right angles, the posterior augles very obtuse, and the base gently
rounded, with a marginal line which is almost obsolete in the
middle. The scutellum bears a few punctures, and the elytra are
rather strongly punctured in impressed rows. The pygidium is
coarsely and rather rugosely punctured. The mesosternum is not
produced. The metasternum is strongly punctured and thinly
hairy at the sides, and the abdomen strongly but sparsely punc-
tured. The front tibiae are strongly bidentate, and the larger
claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

S . The inner front claw is broad, acute and minutely cleft at
the upper edge.

Length, 6'5-8"5 mm. ; breadth, 4-5 mm.

Madras: Nilgiri Hills, 6000 ft. {H. L. Andrewes), Shem-
baganur.

Ty/)e in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. H. E. Andrewes'
collection.

184 EUTELIN^.

Males of this little species were found by Mr. Anclrewes flying
in swtirms over grass during the daytime, but the female is
apparently rare.

178. Anomala pomona, sp. nov.

Testaceous, with a metallic green suffusion, and with the head,
the pronotum (except the lateral margins), the seutellum, a broad
common sutural band upon the elytra (not quite reaching the
posterior margins), parts of the lower surface, the hind tibiae and
all the tarsi dark.

It is oval in shape, convex and shining. The head is closely
rugose, with the clypeus broadly rounded. The pronotum is
rather unevenly and finely punctured, a little moi-e coarsely at
the sides, which are strongly rounded, the front angles are right
angles, the hind angles very obtuse and the base finely margined.
The seutellum is very finely punctured, and the elytra bear rather
even and equidistant lines of moderately fine close punctures, the
second row disrupted at the base. The pygidium is rather
coarsely and rugosely punctured. The front tibia is armed with
two strong teeth ; the hind tibia is short and stout and a little
constricted before the extremity ; the longer claw of the front
and middle feet is cleft.

2 unknown.

Leafjth, 11*5 mm. ; breadth, 6'5 mm.

Bombay : Kasana, Igatpuri (July — Pusa Cull.).

Type in the British Museum.

179. Anomala dalbergiae, sp. nov.

Testaceous, with a metallic suffusion, which is deep fiery red in
the male and pinkish or greenish golden in the female. The tarsi
in both sexes are brown.

It is a small oval species, convex above and very smooth and
shining. The legs are short and stout. The head is gi-anulated,
the clypeal margin rounded at the sides and nearly straight in
the middle. The pronotum is irregularly, sparingly and very
finely punctured, but with coarser punctures towards the sides,
which are gently rounded, the front angles acute, the hind angles
obtuse and the base completely margined. The seutellum bears
only a few minute punctures, and the elytra are rather deeply
and coarsely striate-punctate ; the second (subsutural) interval
bears an incomplete row of punctures, and the fourth is broad
behind, where it bears a few scattered punctures ; the membranous
margin is rather broad. The pygidium is striolated (not very
finely). The front tibia is armed with two strong teeth, the hind
tibia is dilated in the middle, and the longer claw is cleft at the
tip in the front and middle feet.

d . The teeth of the front tibia are short, but very sharp, and
the longer front claw is vexy broad. The colour, as stated above,
is deeper in the male than in the female.

Length, 7-8 mm.; breadth, 4'5 mm.

ANOMALA. 185

Madras : Nilambur (P. M. Lushimjton).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the 1^'orestry Sesearch
Institute, Dehra Dun. This species was found damaging Dalbergia
latifolia.

180. Anomala aurora.

Anomala aurora, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912, p. 337.

Pale yellow, entirely suffused above and beneath with a delicate
rosy-green metallic lustre, sometimes with a large vaguely reddish
patch on each side of the prouotum, a small brown spot near each
lateral margin and two or three still smaller on each side of the
pygidium.

It is a stout, oval and highly convex species. The head is
rugosely punctured, with the clypeus semicircular and flat. The
pronotum is minutely and sparingly but rather deeply punctured,
with its sides obtuyely angulated in the middle, the front angles
acute, the hind angles obtuse but well-marked, and the base
margined aud gently trisinuate. The scutellum is minutely
punctured, and the elytra strongly in regular rows, with a wide,
irregularly punctured second interstice. The pygidium and the
lower surface are rather strongly but not closely punctured, the
latter thinly clothed with pale hairs. The front tibiae are strongly
bidentate, the hind femora short and thick, the hind tibiae a little
inflated in the basal half, and the larger claw of the front and
middle feet is cleft.

The sexes scarcely differ, but the inner anterior claw of the
male is a little widened and the apex of the front tibia rather
less blunt than in the female.

Length, 10'5-12 mm. ; breadth, 5"5-6"5 mm.

Burma : Maymyo {H. L. Andrewes, May), Euby Mines
( W. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. H. E. Andrewes'
collection.

Mr. H. RI. Lefroy has received the species from Maymyo as
feeding upon peach (Prunus persica).

181. Anomala fracta.

Omaloplia fracta, Walker,* Ann. Mag, Nat. Hist. (3) iii, 1859,
p. 55.

Testaceous, with the head, pronotum and scutellum strongly,
and the elytra less strongly, suffused with metallic lustre, the
head or the posterior part of it, the pronotum (except the lateral
margins), and the scutellum dark coppery green or red, the elytra
decorated with rather indefinite dark markings, the dark parts
consisting of the extreme outer njai'gins, a patch round the
scutellum, one at each shoulder, and a vague crescent common to
the posterior part of the two elytra, its ends directed towards, or
continuous with, the humeral patches. There is also a dark spot
on each side of the pygidium. The hind tibiae (and sometimes
all) are also dark metallic, as well as the tarsi. The primary

186 RUTBLIN^.

intervals of the elytra are generally wholly or in part lighter than
the general ground-colour.

It is a small, elongate-oval, not very convex species. The head
is entirely rugose, except on the vertex, which is coarsely punc-
tured. The clypeus is small and shortly transverse, with its
front margin nearly straight. The pronotum is shining, but rather
strongly punctured, with its hind edge completely margined and
only very gently sinuated, its sides gently rounded, the front
angles not very acute and the hind angles very obtuse. The
scutellum bears a few punctures and the elytra are strongly and
closely punctate-striate, the punctures large and confluent. The
pygidium is strongly and rugosely punctured, and the lower
surface is strongly punctured and almost without hairy clothing.
The legs are moderately long, the hind tibiae a little inflated before
the middle, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

(^ . The antennal club is as long as the footstalk.

Length, 6-5-8 mm. ; breadth, 3-5-4 mm.

Ceylon.

Type in the British Museum.

182. Anomala puella.

Anomala puella, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912, p. 338.

Entirely pale yellow, with a faint metallic lustre, the antennae
and tarsi only being a little darker.

The body is shortly ovate in form, convex and shining, with
pale erect hairs upon the pygidium and lower surface. The head
is strongly and rugosely punctured, M'ith the clypeus short and
broadly rounded, its margins strongly reflexed and the frontal
suture carinate. The pronotum is strongly and closely punctured,
with the base completely margined, the sides strongly rounded,
the front angles acute and the hind angles rounded away. The
scutellum is well punctured, and the elytra are closely striate-
punctate, with the intervals narrow, except the subsutural one,
which is broad and strongly and irregularly punctured. The
pygidium is strongly and closely punctured. The prosternum is
slightly lobed behind the front coxae, and the mesosternum is not
produced. The front tibiae are bluntly bidentate, and the larger
claw on each of the four anterior feet is cleft.

S . The lower lobe of the inner front claw is acutely pointed,
broad and angulated at the lower edge.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5-5-6-5 mm.

BuEMA. : Karen Hills {W. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum.

This little insect is one of the puzzling species which stand on
the border line between Anomala and Mimela. It is very much
like Mimela debilis, Sharp, to which it is undoubtedly allied.
The prosternum is slightly prominent behind the front coxae, but
does not form an angular process between them, and both the
species must, I think, be placed in Anomala, if any distinction is
to be retained.

ANOMALA..

187

183. Anomala aenigma, sp. nov.

Pale yellow, with a faint golden-green suffusion. The clypeus
and the tarsi are red, and the vertex, the humeral callus, a short
lougitudinal line near the outer margin of each elytron about the
middle and a basal spot adjoining the scutellum on each side, black
or brown, the last sometimes absent.

It is small, oval and convex. The head is rugosely punctured,
the eyes large, and the clypeus small, with its margin strongly
rounded and raised. The pronotum is strongly and closely punc-
tured, with its sides well rounded, its angles obtuse (the hind
ones almost rounded off) and the base marked with a deeply
incised marginal stria. The scutellum is well punctured, and the
elytra are deeply punctate-striate, with a very broad, strongly
and irregularly punctured subsutural interval. The pygidium is
closely, coarsely and confluently punctured, and bears long erect
hairs on the sides of its posterior part, and the metasternum is
moderately finely and closely punctured and clothed with very
fine erect pale hair. The front tibia is armed with very blunt
teeth, and the longer claw is cleft on the front and middle feet.
The prosternum forms an erect, sharply pointed process behind
the front coxae.

c? . The inner front claw is broad, angulated at its lower edge,
very acute at the tip and deeply cleft.

In the female specimen the dark spots adjoining the scutellum
are absent, but this may not be a constant feature.

Lengthy 10-12 mm. ; breadth, 6 mm.

Burma : Rangoon, Karen Hills {W. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum.

This species is closely related to A. discoidea, Burm. (of the
Malay Peninsula), which Ohaus places in the genus Mimela, on
account of the existence of a prosternal process ; but the process
is not easily visible, being in an incipient stage only, and, in the
absence of any other reason for separating it from Anomala, it
seems to me unnatural to do so.

A. cenigma was found in the same locality as A. puella, Arr.,
from which, in spite of its more marked prosternal process, it is
not very easily distinguishable.

184. Anomala leporalis, sp. nov. (Plate III, figs. 28, 29.)

Testaceous, with the head, the pronotum (except broad lateral
margins and a narrow median line), an elongate triangular patch
upon the anterior part of the elytra (enclosing, but not including,
the scutellum) and sometimes a small posterior spot on eacli side
of the suture and a transverse bar at the base of the pygidium,
dark brown or nearly black. The extremities of the tibiae and
the tarsi are also dark, and the head, pronotum and scutellum are
suffused with a metallic green lustre.

Small and oval in shape, smooth and shining. The head is
rugose, with the sides of the clypeus converging and the front

188 buteliNjE,

margin gently excised in the middle aijd not strongly reflexed.
The pronotum is rather strongly punctured, more strongly at the
sides, with the lateral margins regularly rounded, the front angles
slightly acute, the hind angles almost obsolete and the base finely
margined. The scutellum is finely punctured and the elytra bear
seven dorsal rows of strongly impressed punctures, the second
row disrupted iu front and the fifth becoming incomplete behind.
The pygidium is rather coarsely and confluently punctured. The
prosternum forms a short pointed process behind the front coxae.
The sides of the metasternum are rather closelj^ punctured and
clothed with thin short yellow hair. The front tibia is armed
with two strong sharp teeth, the hind tibia is very short and
broad, and the longer claw is cleft on the front and middle feet.

J . The inner front claw is broad and unequally cleft.

Length, 10 mm.; breadth, 5-5 mm.

Burma: Paungde {G. Q. Corbett), Shenmaga (L. Fea).

Type in the British Museum.

185, Anomala decipiens, sp. nov. (Plate III, figs. 27, 34.)

Testaceous, with the head, the pronotum (except broad lateral
margins and sometimes a narrow median line), the anterior part
of the elytral suture, the extremities of the tibiae and the tarsi
red, or brown, the head, pronotum and scutellum suffused with a
greenish metallic lustre.

It is small, oval, smooth and shining. The head is rugose,
with the clypeal margin uniformly curved and strongly reflexed.
The pronotum is rather strongly punctured, with the lateral
mui'gins regularly rounded, the front angles slightly acute, the
hind angles rounded and the base finely margined. The scutellum
is finely punctured, and the elytra bear seven dorsal rows of
strongly impressed punctures, the second row disrupted in front.
The pygidium is rugosely punctured. The prosternum forms a
slight pointed process behind the front coxae. The sides of the
metasternum are rather closely punctured and thinly clothed with
short yellow hairs. The front tibia is armed with two strong
and sharp teeth, the hind tibia is very short and broad, and the
longer claw is cleft on the front and middle feet.

c? . The inner front claw is dilated and unequally cleft.

Length, 8*5-10 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

BuKMA : Pegu, Palon (L. Fea, Aug. & Sept.), Tiiarrawaddy
(G. Q. Corbett), Kawkareik, Amherst Dist. (F. H. Gravely, Nov.).

Type in tlie British Museum.

186. Anomala siliguria, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 31.)

Pale testaceous, with the elytra very pale, and the head, a vague
more or less triangular patch on each side of the pronotum, the
scutellum, elytral suture, the abdomen, tibiae and tarsi reddish,
the head aud prothorax sutfused with a very feeble metallic red
lustre.

ANOMALA. 189

Small, oval and convex in shape. The head is rugosely punc-
tured, with the clypeiis broadly rounded and its margin strongly
reflexed. The pronotum is strongly, deeply and rather eveuly
punctured, with its sides strongly and regularly rounded, the
front angles almost right angles, the hind angles almost obsolete,
and the base completely and finely margined. The scutellum is
well punctured, and the elytra are strongly and closely grooved
at regular intervals, the grooves containing large closely-set
punctures ; the second row of punctures is disrupted in its anterior
half. The pygidium is deeply, coarsely and rather closely punc-
tured. The sides of the metasternum are strongly punctured
and clothed with short and rather scanty yellow hair. The pro-
sternum is not distinctly elevated behind the front coxse. The
front tibia is armed with two strong teeth, the hind tibia is very
short and broad, and the longer claw is cleft on the front and
middle feet.

(S . The inner front claw is dilated and very unequally cleft.
2 . The inner front claw is slender and equally cleft.
Length, 9-10 mm. ; breadth, 5-5-5 mm.

United Peoyinces : Dehra Dun (C. F. C. Beeson); Bengal:
Siliguri, 3000 ft. {E. M. Lefroy) ; Sikkim : Mungphu {E. T.
Atkinson).

Type in the British Museum.
Taken in numbers by Mr. H. M. Lefroy.

This is very closely related to A. dedinem, but the dark
markincrs upon the pronotum are vague and often scarcely visible.
The puncturation is generally stronger than in A. deci/piens,
especially upon the pygidium. The absence of a prosternal
process "is a very well-marked distinction, although it is only
easily seen when the front legs are drawn forward.

187. Anomala Iseta, sp. nov.

Bright testaceous yellow, partly or entirely suffused with a
greenish or golden metallic lustre, and with the head, the pro-
notum (except narrow lateral margins, generally sharply defined),
a median and two lateral patches upon the pygidium, the hind
tibi«, all the tarsi, and usually the metasternum, coppery or dark
metallic o-reen. These dark areas may in certain specimens be
almost or entirely wanting.

This is a small, oval, convex, very smooth and shining species.
The clypeus and forehead are rugose, the margin of the former
straight in front and strongly reflexed, and the vertex is finely
and sparsely punctured. The pronotum is also finely and sparsely
punctured, the punctures being a little larger, but not closer,
towards the sides : the lateral margins are slightly rounded, the
front angles slightly acute, the hind angles distinct but obtuse
and the base completely margined. The scutellum bears a few
fine punctures, and each elytron has six deeply punctured dorsal
stride, the second disrupted in front and abbreviated behind, and
the fifth bearing an incomplete series of punctures along the

190 EUTELIN^.

middle. The pygidium is deeply, but not very closely, transversely
striolated. The metasternum is coarsely punctured at the sides
and thinly clothed with short yellow hair. The legs ai-e short
and stoutj the front tibia armed with two strong teeth, the hind
tibia very short and broad, and the longer claw cleft on the front
and middle feet.

Length, 9-10 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Bombay: N. Kanara {T. li. D. Bell).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. H. E. Andrewes'
collection.

I have seen only females of this species, which, although super-
ficially rather like A. decipiens, has very well marked characters
in the very glossy pronotum, shape of the clypeus, distinct hind
angles of the thorax, etc.

188. Anomala angusta.

Anomala angusta, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912, p. 79.

Testaceous, with a slight golden or coppery suffusion and with
a rather vague dark patch on each side of the pronotum.

It is a long narrow insect, slightly increasing in width from in
front backwards and not very convex. The head is rugosely punc-
tured, and the clypeus is semicircular. The pronotum is strongly
and closely punctured and lightly sulcate along the middle,
strongly contracted in front and broadest at the base ; the sides
are angulated before the middle, and nearly straight from there to
the angles, which are sharp, the front angles acute and the hind
right angles, the base being completely margined. The scutellum
is closely punctured and rather rounded at the apex, and the
elytra are deeply and rather evenly striated, the striae rather
indistinctly punctured, the interstices convex and very sparsely
punctured. The pygidium and the sides of the metasternum are
rugose and clothed with grey hair, and the abdomen is coarsely
punctured and more scantily hairy. The legs are long and
slender, the front tibia bidentate, and the longer claw of the
front and middle feet cleft at the apex, the latter very minutely.

S . The inner front claw forms an extremely broad lamina.

5 . The inner front claw is rather broad.

This species is related to A. straminea. Semen., but it is much
more elongate and slightly metallic.

Length, 10-12-5 mm. ; breadth, 5-7 mm.

SiKKiM : Mungphu {E. T. Athinson), Kurseong ( Verschraeghen),
Darjihng, 7000 ft. (Britnetti, June).

I'ype in the British Museum.

189. Anomala aureoflava, sp, nov. (Plate III, figs. 32, 33.)
Pale testaceous yellow, entirely suffused with a golden green

lustre, the tarsi and the middle segments of the abdomen reddish
beneath.

ANOMALA. 191

Elongate-oval in shape, with the legs, especially the hind ones,
long and slender, finely punctured and only moderately shining
above. The liead is very closely and deeply punctured, rather
confluently on the clypeus, which is broad, with its front margin
nearly straight in the middle. The pronotum is closely and
evenly punctured, with its sides gently rounded, the front angles
nearly right angles, the hind angles obtuse, and the base gently
rounded and completely margined. The scutellum is well punc-
tured, and the elytra are finely striated, the striae containing fine
and close, but rather indefinite, punctures, the second stria
disrupted in front and abbreviated behind ; the intervals are
unequal and finely, irregularly and not closely punctured. The
marginal membrane is rather broad behind. The pygidium is
finely transversely strigose. The metasternum is strongly punc-
tured and clothed at the sides with exceedingly fine pale pubes-
cence. The front tibiae are bidentate, the terminal tooth long
and the lateral one very short, the hind tibia is long, not inflated
nor constricted, the four posterior tarsi are slender, and the longer
claw of the two anterior pairs of feet cleft.

d . The inner front claw is short, strongly dilated and very
deeply and unequally cleft.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Burma : Bhamo (F. M. Mackwood, April), N. Shan States,
Nam Kb am.

Type in the British Museum.

This very closely resembles A. testacea, Hope, but the head is
more deeply and closely punctured, the clypeus is more rect-
angular, the intervals of the elytra are rather more sparingly
punctured, and the marginal membrane a little more conspicuous
behind.

190. Anomala testacea.

Anotnala testacea, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Miscell. 1831, p. 24.

Pale yellow, with a faint golden-green lustre above and beneath,
the tarsi and the third, fourth and fifth ventral segments alone
being rather darker in colour.

It is elongate-oval in shape and not very convex, with the
surface above and beneath almost without hair, but finely and
closely punctured and not very shining. The head, pronotum
and scutellum are minutely, closely and very uniformly punctured.
The clypeus is broadly rounded, the eyes small and wide apart.
The sides of the pronotum are gently and evenly rounded, the
front angles acute, the hind angles obtuse, and the base finely
and completely margined. The elytra have six lightly impressed
and indefinitely punctured dorsal striae, and the intervals are
minutely and irregularly punctulated. The pygidium is finely
transversely strigose, and the entire ventral surface is similarly
but rather less closely strigose. The legs are rather slender, the

192 EUTELIN^.

front tibia armed with two sharp teeth, the hind tibia long, and
the longer claw of tlie front and middle feet cleft.

c? . The front tarsus is rather short and tliick and its inner
claw broad, deeply and unequally cleft. The club of the antenna
is not elongated as in A. variegata.

Lenr/fh, 8'5 mm. ; breadth, 5 min.

Nepal {Maj.-Oen. Ilanhvicl-e).

Type in the British Museum.

Hope associated specimens of two different, but rather similar,
species under this name, and, as they belong to different sexes, I
have selected the male. Burmeister has treated A. testacea as a
synonym oi A. palleola, G-yll., but the species of this group seem to
be very numerous, local, and difficult to distinguish. Burmeister
appears not to have seen Hope's specimens, and the latter's
"description" consists only of Hve words. Gyllenhal's species is
from " India orientalis," a term of uncertain import.

191. Anomala variegata. (Plate IV, fig. 9.)

Anomala variegata, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Miscell. 1831, p. 24.

Pale testaceous yellow, with a very slight metallic suffusion
above and beneath, and, in the male, with the posterior part of
the head (bilobed anteriorly) and an irregular elongate mark on
each side of the pronotum (produced towards the front and hind
margins, but not reaching them), a spot at the base on each side
(sometimes not detached), and an indication of a median line,
dark green. The pygidium bears two dark
spots placed longitudinally on each side.

These markings may be vaguely indicated
in red or brown in the female, but are
usually absent.

It is elongate-oval in shape and mode-
rately convex. The head is densely and
uniformly rugosely punctured, with the
clypeus rather broad, the front margin
broadly rounded and not very strongly
reflexed. The pronotum is closely but not
very finely punctui^ed, with the sides en-
Fig. ^Q.- Anomala ^-j^.g^y rounded, the front angles acute, the
variegata, S- ^-^^^^ ^^^^e^ indistinct, and the base finely

margined and gently trisinuate. The scutellum is finely punctured,
and the elytra are deeply and rather evenly punctate-striate, the fifth
and seventh intervals being a little wider than the rest and bearing
a few punctures in the anterior part. The pygidium is finely
transversely striolated and bears a few long hairs at the apex.
The metasternuin is ratlier closely rugose at the sides and thinly
clothed with pale erect hairs. The legs are rather slender, the
front tibia3 bearing two teeth, the upper one very slight and the
apical one very long and nearly straight, the hind tibia moderately

ANOMALA, 193.

long and gradually dilating to the extremity. The longer claw
of the front and middle feet is cleft.

In addition to the coloui'-difference already described, the male
is rather less elongate in form than the female, and the lower
lobe of the larger front claw is strongly dilated. The club of the
antenna is long.

Length, 9 mm. ; breadth, 4 mm.

Nepal (Maj.-Gen. Hardwicke — types) ; Sikkim : Darjiling
District, Kalimpong {F. H. Gravely, April, May).

Type in the British Museum.

192. Anomala comma, sp. nov. (Plate IV, fig. 8.)

Testaceous, with a golden-green suffusion, and decorated with
two confluent dark spots on the vertex and one having somewhat
the shape of an inverted comma on each side of the pronotum.
The pygidium and extremity of the abdomen beneath are reddish.

It is elongate-oval, with rather long and stout legs, moderately
shining above and almost destitute of hairy clothing, except at the
sides of the metasternum. The head and pronotum are finely,
evenly and closely punctui-ed, the clypeus nearly straight in front,
the eyes prominent, but far apart. The sides of the pronotum
are gently rounded, the front angles acute, the hind angles
obtusely rounded and the base finely margined. The scutellum.
is well punctured, and the elytra are deeply punctate-striate,.
with the subsutural interval very coarsely and confluently, and
the others finely, but not closely, punctured. The pygidium is
transversely strigose. The front tibia is bidentate, the terminal
tooth long and the upper one very short ; the hind tibia is rather
long and slender, and the longer claw of the front and middle
feet is cleft.

d . The front tarsus is rather thickened and its inner claw
bent and dilated.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Sikkim : Gropaldhara, Eungbong Valley {H. Stevens).

Type in the British Museum.

This is rather more elongate than A, variegata, the golden-
green suflfusion is deeper, the marks upon the pronotum are
reduced and the puncturation of the latter finer. I have seen
only a single male specimen.

193. Anomala ciliatipes, sp. nov.

Eeddish chestnut, with a coppery lustre above and beneath.

It is small, oval, convex, very smooth and shining. The
clypeus is small, broadly rounded and, like the forehead, closely
rugose, and the vertex is strongly punctured. The pronotum is
moderately strongly punctured, with the sides obtusely angulated
before the middle, the front angles slightly acute, the hind angles
w^ell-marked, but a little obtuse, and the base margined. The

o

194 EUTELINyi;.

scutellum bears a few fine punctures, and the elytra bear six deeply
impressed, finely punctured dorsal striae ; the intervals are convex,
the subsuturai one broader than the rest and divided by a line of
coarse punctures, wliich is incomplete behind and disrupted in
front. The marginal membrane is rather wide posteriorly. The
pygidium is transversely strigose and bears a very few long erect
hairs. The metasternum is clothed at the sides with rather close
yellowish pubescence. The legs are rather long and slender, the
front tibia armed with tu o strong teeth, the hind tibia moderately
slender and the longer claw of the front and middle feet cleft.
The claw-joint of each foot is encircled by a few very long and
fine bristles, longer than the claws.

J , The inner front claw is very broadly dilated and sharply
angulated beneath.

Length, 9-5 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Assam [Lt.-Col. F. Badgley).

Type in the British Museum.

194. Anomala longiceps, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 19.)

Testaceous, suffused with a metallic green lustre, and \\\t\\ the
head (except the front part of the clypeus), a large irregular
discoidal patch upon the pronotuni (sometimes resolved into two
by a median line), the pygidium, or a patch on each side of it, and
parts of the lower surface, dark green or coppery. The legs are
pale, with the tarsi red and the hind tibise coppery red.

It is elongate-oval and rather depressed, with very long and
slender legs, not very shining above, the entire surface being
closely punctured, and there is only a very
scanty clothing of minute hairs beneath.
The clypeus is narrow, semi-elliptical in
shape and densely rugose, and the forehead
is densely punctured. The pronotum and
scutellum are rather closely punctured, with
the sides of the former rounded, all the
angles rather sharp and the base finely
margined. The elytra bear each a sutural
and three discoidal costae, broad and well-
elevated in the middle, but disappearing in
■R- 47 —A omala ii'ont and behind, and the entire surface is
^^iongiceps!^- finely but rather rugosely punctured. The

pygidium is rather feebly, and the meta-
sternum and abdomen are more finely, rugulose and shining.
The second ventral segment bears two spines close to the lateral
margin on each side. The front tibia is armed with two teeth,
the terminal one rather long; the hind tibia is very long, the
tarsi are very slender, and the longer claw is cleft on the front
and middle feet.

cJ. The longer front claw is very unequally cleft, the hind tibia
is more slender, and the hind tarsus longer, than in the female.
Length, 9 mm, ; breadth, 4-5 mm.

A NO il ALA.

195

Burma : Karen Hills, 2700-3500 ft. {L. Fea, Dec).
T^ipe in the Grenoa Museum ; co-type in the British Museum.
This is a member of the group called by Ohaus Spinanouuda, ou
account of the spines at the sides of the second ventral segment.

195. Anomala pallidospila.

A)H>mala {Spinanomala) inilliduspila, Arrow, Anu. Mag. N.at. Hist.
(8) X, 1912, p. 327.

Deep metallic green or copj^ery green, the elytra light brown,
with maz'gins of varying breadth, and sometimes nearly the whole
surface, greenish black ; the sides of the pronotum, a narrow basal
line on eacli side, the scutellum, a small spot near the outer edge
of each elytron behind the middle, and the greater part of the
femora, coxae and sternum pale yellow. The pygidium is deep
reddish and the tibiae are coppery.

The shape is elongate-ovate, rather depressed and distinctly-
tapering before and behind, and almost the
whole body, except the elytra, is clothed
with rather coarse and not close, greyish
hairs. The head is rugose, and tlie clyjjeus
flat and semicircular. The pronotum is
rather strongly punctured, the close and
fine punctures being intermixed with larger
ones which bear long erect hairs. The scu-
tellum bears a few large punctures and the
elytra are deeply striated, the intervals being
unequal and finely punctured. The pygi-
dium and metasternum are rather lightly
rugose and hairy, and the abdomen more
closely so. The second abdominal segment
bears on each side three spines, rather larger
than those forming the general clothing.
The mesosternum is not produced, the front tibiae are strongly
bidentate, the four posterior legs very long and slender, and the
larger claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

S . The hind legs are longer than those of the female, and the
inner front claw is broad but very acute.
Length, 8-10 mm. ; breadth, 4*5-5 mm.
Burma : Maymyo, 3500 ft. {H. L. Andrewes, May).
Ty^je in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. H. E. Andrewes'
collection.

This species is said to feed on the leaves of peach trees, PriDins
persica.

It is closely related to the group of Bornean species to which
Dr. Ohaus has given the name Spinanomala. The characteristic
spines at the sides of the abdomen differ only sliglitly from the
general hairy clothing and the mesosternal epimera are not pro-
duced upwards. It seems to me that no suilicieut reason remains
for regarding Spinanomala as more than a subgenus of Anomala.

o2

l^'ig. 48. — Anomala
pallidospila, c? .

196 hutelix.t:.

196. Anomala Cinderella, sp. nov.

Eather dark brown, with a metallic green lustre, the hind tibiae
and all the tarsi greenish black, the pronotum moderately closely,
and the head and pygidium more scantily, clothed with erect
yellowish setae. The sides of the metasternum are rather thickly
clothed with soft yellow liair.

It is elongate-oval, rather narrow in shape and rather shining.
The clypeus and forehead are densely rugose, and the vertex
strongly punctured, the clypeus rather small and transverse, and
straight in front. The pronotum is rather closely and uniformly
covered with intermixed large and small punctures ; the sides are
gently rounded, the front angles right angles, the hind angles
well-marked but slightly obtuse, and the base margined. The
scutellum is finely punctured, and the elytra bear five strongly
impressed and finely punctured dorsal strife, the subsutural in-
terval being wide and irregularly punctured in its anterior half and
divided in its posterior half. The pygidium is very finely trans-
versely strigose and thinly clothed with long setae. The legs are
rather slender, the front tibia armed with two strong teeth, the
hind tibia moderately slender, and the longer claw of the front
and middle feet cleft.

J . The inner front claw is very strongly dilated and bent.

Length, 13 mm. ; breadth, 7 mm.

SiKKiM : Darjiling, Nagri Spur, 5000 ft. ; Gropaldhara, Rungbong
Valley, 6300 ft. {H. Stevens).

Ti/pe in the British Museum.

In this species the marginal line of the pronotum is rather
imperfect in the middle, but the margin is reflexed all round.

197. Anomala chinensis.

Phyllopertlia chinensis, Redt..* Raise der Novara, Zool. ii, 1867,

p. 70.
Phyllojjertha atritarsis, Fairm., 0. II. See. Ent. Belg. 1891, p. 11 ;

Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1905, p. 82.
Adoretosoma metnlHcum, Arrow, Trans. Ent. Soc. Loud. 1899,

p. 266.
Euchrysinda chinensis, Reitt., Verli. Nat. Ver. Briinn, xli, 1903, p. 80.

Bright orange, suffused with a golden or rosy metallic lustre,
the scutellum and elytra, and in the male, also the hinder part
of the head and the pronotum (with the exception of tlie lateral
margins) deep blue-green. The middle and hind tarsi and the
extremities of the hind tibiae are black in both sexes.

The body is very long and narrow, not convex, very smooth,
shining and almost devoid of hair above and beneath, and the legs
are very long. The clypeus and forehead are finely and densely
rugose, the former very short, with the sides converging and the
front margin gently rounded, and the vertex is moderately punc-
tured and shining. The pronotum is very smooth, with extremely
minute scattered punctures : it is very transverse, with the sides
not rounded, but distinctly augulated before the middle, the front?

A NOMA LA. 197

angles very acutely produced, the hind angles nearly right angles,
and the base finely and completely margined. The scutellum is
short, obtuse and finely punctured. The elytra each bear six
deeply impressed dorsal rows of punctures, the second abbreviated
behind, the intervals narrow, the fifth a little wider and bearing
a few scattered punctures ; the apical margins are separately
rounded and the angles obtuse. The pygidium is very smooth and
shilling, with minute scattered punctures, and the sides of the
sternum and abdomen are rather coarsely punctured. The front
tibia is bidentate, the hind tibia rather "strongly inflated in the
middle and constricted before the end; the claws are very long
and slender, and the longer one on the front and middle feet
minutely cleft.

d . In addition to the difference in coloration already described,
the body is narrower, the clypeus smaller, the legs longer and
stouter, the front tibia broader, with much shorter and sharper
teeth, and the longer claw almost imperceptibly toothed at a
distance from the tip, and the longer middle claw is very minutely
cleft at the apex.

Lcmjtli, 10-14 mm.; breadth, 5-6-5 mm.

Assam: Khasi Hills {Ohans); Tonkin {Ohaus) ; China: Sze-
chuen, Hongkong.

Type in the Vienna Museum ; that of A. metalUcum in the
British Museum.

198. Anomala fulviventris. (Plate III, fig. 35.)

Adoretosoina fulvkentre, Blanch.,* Cat. Col]. Ent. Mus. Paris,
1851 (18o0), p. 235.

Bright yello\\-, with a metallic green suffusion, usually with the
vertex of the head and two round spots, or more or less triangular
patches, near the middle of the pronotum (in the $ ) or with the
entire head, pronotum (except the lateral margins), scutellum and
elytra (in the cj ) deep metallic green. The hind tarsi are usually
also dark, and all the tarsi, the hind tibiae and the metasternum
may be so, at least in the male. In certain specimens the head
and thorax remain pale, while the elytra are dark ; in others the
two first named are deep green, the elytra having a purplish hue.
Occasionally the metallic lustre is quite absent.

The shape is very elongate, parallel-sided and rather depressed.
The head is densely rugose in front and closely punctured on the
vertex, and the clypeus is short and broad, with its margin
strongly reflexed and nearly straight in front. The pronotum is
finely, sparingly, but rather evenly, punctured, transverse, with
the angles well-marked, the front ones acute and the hind ones
ohtuse, the base finely margined and gently trisinuate. The
scutellum bears scattered punctures, and each elytron has five
strongly punctured entire dorsal striae, the subsutural one with or
without an incomplete median line of punctures ; the apical angles
are rounded. The pygidium is strongly and moderately closely

198

RUTELINiE.

puuctured. The lower surface is almost without hair, tlie sides
are strongly punctured, and the mesosternum is not produced.
The legs are long, the front tibia is bideutate, the hind tibia
inflated before the middle, and the claws are long and slender.

(S . The larger front claw is not cleft and the longer middle one
onl_Y very feebly ; the hind tibia is i-ather swollen in the mid lie
and contracted at the extremities.

2 . The longer claw of the front and middle feet is slightly cleft.

Length, 6-5-8'5 mm.; breadth, 4-5 mm.

Sik'kim: Gopaldhara, Rungbong Valley (W. K. Webb, May),
Kurseong, 6000 ft. (E. A. D'Abreu, May), Pedong (Desgodins):
Punjab : Kangra Valley {G. G. Dudgeon).

Type in the Paris Museum.

199. Anomala signaticollis. (Plate III, fig. 36.)

Anomala sif/naticollis, Nonfried, Berl. Ent. Zeitschv. 1893, p. 334.

Bright yellow, with a pale u)eta!lic green lustre, with the vertex
of the head, the centre of the prouotum, the extremity of the hind
tibiae and the hind tarsi, deep green. The extreme inner and
outer edges of the elytra may also be dark green, and this may
spread inwards until a large part or the whole of tlie elytra is
of this colour, the head and prothorax becoming simultaneously
diffused with it, until on the former only a narrow front margni
and on the latter narrow lateral margins remain pale.

The body is elongate, parallel-sided and rather depressed. The
head is densely rugose in front and strongly punctured behind,
and the clypeus is short and broad, with its margin sti-ongly
reflexed and nearly straight in front. The pronotum is sparingly
but rather eA'enly puuctured, strongly transverse, with the front
angles acute, the hind angles obtuse, and the base finely margined
and gently trisinuate. The scutellum is small and short, smooth
in the middle, with a few punctures near the sides. The elytra
have each five strongly impressed and coarsely punctured dorsal
striae, the subsutural interval being wide, with an incomplete
median line of irregular punctures on its anterior part ; the mar-
ginal membrane is distinct, and the apical angles are rounded.
The pygidium is moderately and rather deeply punctured. The
lower surface is almost free from hair, the sides strongly punc-
tured and the mesosternum not produced. The legs are long,
the front tibia is bideutate, and the hind tibia inflated, the claws
are slender, and the longer one of the front and middle legs
minutely cleft.

S . The outer division of the longer front claw is extremely
minute and remote from the tip of the claw. The hind tibia is
rather swollen in the middle and contracted at the extremities.

Lengtli, 7-8 mm. ; breadth, 4 mm.

Assam: Khasi Hills, Cherrapunii ; Shillong; Manipur {W.
Doherty).

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

This is extremely like A. fidviventris, BL, but seems to be rather

ANOMALA. ] 99

more coiistaut in colouring, the prothoracic patch does not divide
into two, and the longer front claw of the male has an exceedingly
minute outer branch at a distance fi'om the tip. In A. fulvi-
ventris this has disappeared.

200. Anomala galerucina, sp. nov.

Deep metallic green, with the elytra sometimes dark blue, and
with the foUovAing parts bright orange-yellow : — the front of the
clypeus, the lateral margins (and sometimes the whole circum-
ference) of the pronotum, the third interval of the elytron, the
middle part of the second, tlie anterior i)art of the fifth and the
posterior part of the seventh, the pygidium except at the sides,
and the femora and tibiae, except the hinder part of the hind
tibia. The front and middle tarsi are reddish and the hind tarsi
nearly black. The metasternum and abdo-
men are dark green in the male and partly
or entirely yellow in the female.

It is very long and narrow, and the legs

are slender. The head is finely and rugosely

punctured, and the clypeus short, narrowing

to the front, where it is nearly straight.

The pronotum is strongly and moderately

closely punctured, with the sides scarcely

curved, distinctly angulated near the middle,

with the front angles very sharp and the

hind angles nearly right angles. The scu-

Fig. A^.— Anomala tellum is short, wide and strongly punc-

galerucina, 2 • tured. The elytra are deeply striated, the

striae containing rather indistinct punctures,,

and the third, fifth and seventh intervals being more elevated and

convex than the rest. The pygidium is rather strongly and

closely punctured, the metasternum closely punctured and clothed

with fine grey pubescence.

(S . The front tibia is armed with two sharp teeth placed close-
together, the hind tibia is inflated before the middle and con-
stricted before the end, the longer middle claw is minutely cleft
at the apex, and the front ones are entire. The pygidium is less
closely punctured than in the female.

$ . The front tibia is armed with two strong oblique teeth, and
the longer front and middle claws are cleft.
Length, 7-8"5 mm. ; breadth, 3-3*.5 mm.

SiKKiii : Gopaldhara, Eungbong Valley {W. K. Webb, May,
June).

*. Section IV.

Key to the Species.

1 (44) Elytra showing strougly-marJied

strife or lines of punctures.

2 (3) Body clothed everywhere with fine

hair liynea, sp. n., p. 202.

3 (2) Body not clothed with hair above.

200 RUTELINvE.

4 (7) Front angles of the protliorax not

more acute than the hind angles.

5 (6) Elytra deeply striated bruchomorpha, Arr., p. 203.

6 (5) Elytra lightly striated trivirgata, Fairm., p. 204.

7 (4) Front angles of the prothorax more

acute than the hind angles.

8 (35) Form elongate; hind tibiae slender.

9 (28) Upper surface very finely and

closely punctured.

10 (27) Clypeus broad.

11 (20) Elytra not banded.

12 (17) Elytra very deeply sulcate.

13 (14) Body not tapering in front and

behind semiaurea, sp. n., p. 205.

14 (13) Body tapering in front and be-

hind.

15 (16) Head and pronotum having dark

marks connectens, sp. u., p. 205.

16 (15) Head and pronotum uniformly

coloured divetsipemiis, sp. n., p. 206.

17 (12) Elytra not very deeply sulcate.

18 (19) Sides of the prothorax uniformly

curved ; front angles rectangular, tinctipennw , sp. n., p. 207.

19 (18) Sides of the prothorax straight in

front ; front angles acute agilis, sp. n, p. 207.

20 (11) Elytra banded.

21 (26) Elytra not parallel-sided.

22 (23) Outer margins of the elytra not

reflexed mystka, sp. n., p. 208.

23 (22) Outer margins of the elytra re-

Hexed.

-24 (25) Lov^^er surface pale bella, sp. n., p. 208.

25 (24) Lower surface dark Jiavofasciata, Arr., p. 209.

26 (21) Elytra parallel-sided Jfavit€7itris, Arr., p. 210.

.27 (10) Olypeus narrow and semicircular. Jiavopicta, Aw., -^.211.

28 (9) Upper surface shining, not very

tinelj' and closely punctured.

29 (32) Elytra not strongly sulcate.

30 (31) Upper surface dark, with trans-

verse band Jlavonotata, Arr., p. 212.

•31 (30) Upper surface pale, with dark

markings Imeatopennis, Bl., p. 212.

.32 (29) Elytra strongly sulcate.

33 (34) Black, with pale markings flavovaria, sp. n., p. 213.

34 (33) Entirely black corvina, sp. n., p. 214.

35 (8) Form short and convex ; hind tibiae

stout.

36 (37) Pygidium entirely clothed with

hair semicenea, Arr., p. 214.

37 (36) Pygidium not entirely clothed

with hair.

38 (39) Front tibia tridentate ;j;'o<ert, Arr., p. 216.

39 (38) Front tibia bidentate.

40 (41) Upper surface not shining decumta, Kirsch, p. 216.

41 (40) Upper surface shining.

42 (43) Pygidiimi not very coarsely punc-

tured conjuga, Arr., p. 210.

ANOMALA. 201

43 (42) Pygidium very coarsely punctured, anojnmctata, Bm-m., -y. 217.

44 (1) Elytra without strongly- marked

grooves or lines of punctures.

45 (84) Elytra densely sculptured.

46 (47) Fifth joint of the antenna very

long auripennis, Arr., p. 218.

47 (40) Fifth joint of the antenna not very

long.

48 (57) Upper surface dark coppery.

49 (54) Pygidium very thinly hairj\

50 (51) Olypeus semicircular shanica, sp. n., p. 218.

51 (oO) Clypeus subrectangular.

52 (53) Femora and lateral margins of

pronotum pale ^^«ci!i)j(?s, sp. n., p. 219,

-53 (52) Femora and lateral margins of

pronotum not pale cantori, Hope, p. 220.

54 (49) Pygidium closely hairy.

■55 (56) Marginal membrane of the elytra

broad lanicentris, Arr., p. 221.

56 (55) Marginal membrane of the elytra

not broad deiisa, sp. n., p. 221.

57 (48) Upper suiface not dark coppery.
•58 (69) Pronotum and elytra dissimilarly

coloured.

59 (62) Pygidium not hairy.

60 (61) Elytra pale ; sides of the pronotum

angulated anijaUcollis, sp, n., p. 222.

61 (60) Elytra dark; sides of the pronotum

rounded igniceps, sp. n., p. 222,

62 (59) P3'gidium hairy.

63 (64) Elytra rugose seminitem, sp. u., p. 223,

64 (63) Elytra not rugose.

65 (66) Elytra -without distinct lines of

punctures ^jaj^i?<«a, sp. u., p. 224.

66 (65) Elytra with distinct lines of punc-

tures.

67 (68) Elytra rather shining vanthoptera, BL, p. 224.

68 (67) Elytra scarcely shining dmc>ie7isis, sp. n., p. 225.

69 (58) Pronotum and elytra similarly

coloured.

70 (73) Upper surface pale.

71 (72) Anterior angles of the prothorax

very obtuse cbfusicolUs, sp. n., p. 225.

72 (71) Anterior angles of the prothorax

distinct chrysochlora, sp. u., p. 226.

73 (70) Upper surface not pale.

74 (75) Pygidium entirely opaque desiccata, sp. n., p. 226.

75 (74) Pygidium not entirely opaque.

76 (77) Pronotum not shining, punctures

very dense malabarieusis, Bl,, p. 227.

77 (76) Pronotum shining, punctures not

very dense.

78 (83) Pygidium densely sculptured,

79 (82) Moderately shining above.

80 (81) Pygidium scarcely hairy; pro-

notum rather more transverse . . chloronota, Arr., p. 227.

202 RUTKLIJf-T:.

81 (80) Pygidiuni hairy; pronotum

rather more elongate perplexa, Hope, p. 228, and

indistmcta, sp.^n., p. 229.

82 (79) Very shining- above chloropus, sp. n.,'p. 229.

83 (78) Pygidium shining, not densely

sculptured iJer/uensis, sp. n., 230.

84 (45) Elytra very smooth and shining,

finely punctured.

85 (104) Upper surfiice green.

86 (87) Small chlorocarpa, sp. n., p. 230.

87 (86) Large.

88 (91) Legs and lower surface uniform

deep green, not at all golden
or tiery.

89 (90) Pronotum deeply and densely

punctured monochroa, Bates, p. 231.

90 (89) Pronotum not deeply and

densely punctured chlorosoma, sp. n., p. 231.

91 (88) Legs and lower surface not uni-

form deep green.

92 (103) Elytra without abruptly-ending

lateral margins.

93 (100) Pygidium less huely rugulose.

94 (95) Elytra broadest behind the

middle ( J with very hairy

pygidium) dimidiata, Hope, p. 232.

95 (94) Elytra not broadest behind the

middle (2 without very hairy
pygidium).

96 (99) Very shining above.

97 (98) Marginal membrane of elytra

very narrow dussuinieri, BL, p. 233.

98 (97) Marginal membrane of elytra

less narrow . chlorophylla, sp. n., p. 233.

99 (96) Less shining above cupripes, Hope, p. 234.

100 (93) Pygidium very finely rugulose

(opaque in 5 )•

101 (102) Bright green above; legs golden. r/r«7i^«'6', Hope, p. 234.

102 (101) Posy green above ; leg? blue . . rhoduDiela, sp. n., p. 235.

103 (92) Elytra with abruptly-ending

lateral margins cJdorocheh/s, Arr., p. 236.

104 (85) Upper surface dark coppery . . rufiventris, Redt., p. 236.

201. Anomala lignea, sp. nov.

Chestuiit-red, with a slight coppery or metallic green lustre, the
tibise and tarsi rather darker than the rest of the body, and
the upper and lower surface entirely clothed with extremely fine
greyish setse.

It is elongate-oval, slightly convex and not very shining, and
the legs are rather long and slender. The head is finelv and
closely granulated, with the clypeus rather small and the front
margin only slightly reflexed. The pronotum hears very dense
and uniform punctures, which tend to run together transversely,
and the sides are slightly angulated before the middle, the front

ANOMALA. 203

angles acute and the hind angles nearly right angles, but blunt.
The scutellum is similarly punctured, and the elytra have deeply
impressed unpunctured striae, with the intervals convex and
everywhere finely and densely punctured. The pygidium is finely,
densely and evenly granulated. The lower surface is finely punc-
tured all over, but less closely along the middle. The front tibia
is bidentate, the hind tibia slender, and the larger claw of the
I'ront and middle feet cleft.

d" . The two teeth of the front tibia are rather short and sharp,
and the inner front claw is short and broad.

Length, 14'5 mm. ; breadth, 7*5 mm.

BuKMA : Momeit {W. Doherty).

I have seen only the unique male type in the British Museum.

It is very similar to A. inloseUa, I'airm. ( = A. Jiirsutula, Nonfr.)
from Tonkin and Western China, but is rather smaller and more
elongate. The metallic lustre is feebler and the head is rather
more finely and closely sculptured.

202. Anomala bruchomorpha.

Anomala bmchomorpha, Arrow, Ann. Mao-. Xat. Hist. (8) x, 1912^
p. 328.

Orange, suffused (except upon the elytra) with a greenish metallic
lustre, the head (except the front part of the clypeus) and
scutellum black, as also the following markings : a broad median
stripe upon the prouotum (sometimes absent), and four irregularly
shaped spots upon each elytron, forming 1 wo transverse median
bands. A bifid mark upon each side of the base of the pygidium,
the middle of the sternum, transverse bands on the dorsal side of
the abdomen, the hind tibiae and all the tarsi are also usually dark,
and the posterior part of the elytra from the second transverse
row of spots is deeper in colour than the anterior part.

The body is shortly ovate and rather depressed above. The
head is densely punctured, with the clypeus broad and nearly
straight in front. The pronotum is minutely, densely and evenly
punctured, with the lateral margins strongly angulated in the
middle, nearly straight to the front angles, and gently incurved
to the hind ones, all the angles being nearly right angles ; the
base is well lobed and without a marginal stria. The scutellum is
closely punctured, and the elytra are deeply and rather closely and
regularly sulcate, the 2nd sulcus broken into irregular punctures
at the base, and the intervals minutely and sparingly punctured,
the 5th having a linear row of punctui-es either tliroughout its
length or restricted to its basal part. The pygidium is finely
transversely strigose. There is only a very short pubescence at
the sides of the metasternum, and the mesosternum is not pro-
duced. The front tibia is strongly bidentate and the longer claw
of the front and middle feet is cleft. The club of the antenna is-
rather long.

204 RUTELIN^.

(S . The club of the antenna is very long, and the teeth of the
front tibia are short and sharp.

2 ' There is a sHght dilatation of the outer margins of the
elytra at the middle, and the terminal tooth of the front tibia is
long and blunt.

Length, 10-1 2'5 mm. ; breadth 6-7 mm.

BuRAiA : Taung-ngu {G. Q. Gorhett), Karen Hills, 2700-3300 ft.
{L. Fea).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the Genoa Museum.

Both in shape and coloration this is a A^ery well-marked and
peculiar insect. I have examined several females, but only a
single male, in which specimen alone the prothorax has a broad
median dark band. It is not yet possible to decide whether this
represents a sexual feature or merely a colour variety.

203. Anomala trivirgata.

Anomala trivircjata, Fairm.,* Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxxii, 1888,
p. 20.

Pale yellow, with a very faint golden or greenish lustre, and
decorated with black markings consisting of two spots between
the eyes, three longitudinal bars on the pronotum, almost but not
<\\x\tG reaching the front and hind margins, a common spot upon
the elytral suture a little before the middle (sometimes broken
into two), and a very small longitudinal spot opposite the last and
near the lateral margin on each side. There is also a spot in each
anterior angle of the pygidium.

The shape is oval, moderately elongate and convex. The clypeus
is rugose and ratlier broad, and the forehead is densely punctured.
The pronotum is finely and closely punctured, but rather less
finely at the sides ; the lateral margins are gently bisinuated, with
the front angles blunt and the hind angles almost acute, the base
being rather prominent in the middle and not margined. The
scutellum is well punctured, and the elytra have a sutural line and
two paired dorsal lines of tine punctures, witli the intervening
spaces broad and irregularly punctured ; there are also micro-
scopic punctures sparingly scattered over the whole surface. The
pygidium is rather strongly transversely striolated. There is no
sternal process. The sternum is clothed with moderately long
yellow hair. The front tibia is bidentate, the hind tibia rather
long and slender and the larger claw of the front and middle feet
is cleft. The fifth joint of the antenna is longer than the third
and fourth.

6 . The club of the antenna is long, and the terminal tooth of
the front tibia short and sharp. The pygidium is protubei-ant at
the end and the abdomen is longitudinally channelled beneath.

Length, 15-17 mm. ; breadth, 8*5-9"5 mm.

BhutajSt {L. Durel) ; Burma : jST. Chin Hills ; S. W. Chixa :
Chengtu, Ta-chao.

T>jpe in the Paris Museum.

ANOMALA. 205

204. Anomala semiaurea, sp. boy.

Deep goldan-green, with the clypeus, the sides of tlie pronotum
(sometimes also the front and hind margins narrowly), the elytra
and the legs pale greenish- or pinkish-golden.

It is elongate-oval, rather broad behind and moderately convex.
The head is very strongly and densely punctured, rugosely upon
the clypeus, which is broadly rounded. The pronotum is finely
and closely punctured, with a longitudinal median furrow, the
sides are strongly rounded, the front angles acute, the hind angles
obtuse and the base not margined. The scutellum is similarly
punctured. The elytra are deeply sulcate, the intervals strongly
convex and the sulci finely and closely punctulated. The pygidium
is coarsely transversely striolated. The sides of the body beneath
are rather thinly clothed with grey hair, the front tibia' is biden-
tate, the hind tibia rather slender, and the longer claw is cleft on
the front and middle feet.

S . The teeth of the front tibia are acute, the pygidium is very
convex and furnished with a few hairs on its posterior part.

5 . The teeth of the front tibia are very blunt, and the whole
pygidium is thinly clothed with long hairs.

Length, 14 mm.; breadth, 8'5 mm.

BuBMA : Haka, Chin Hills (F. E. Venning).

Type in the British Museum.

This species is very close to the Chinese A. imperialis. Arrow,
but the head is rather larger, the pygidium less closely sculptured
and more shining, and the coloration different.

205. Anomala connectens, sp. uov.

Yellow, with a golden-green lustre, the elytra brick-red and
non-metallic, and the pygidium and end of the abdomen, the hind
tibiae, all the tarsi, a spot on each side of the vertex and an
irregular elongate patch on each side of the pronotum dark
brown.

It is elongate-oval in shape, tapering in front and behind,
closely punctured and not very shining, with rather slender legs..
The head is rugosely punctured, with the clypeus rather rect-
angular, but gently rounded in front. The vertex, pronotum and
scutellum are finely and closely punctured, the sides of the pro-
notum rounded, the front angles right angles, the hind angles
obtuse, and the base not margined. The elytra are deeply and.
closely sulcate, with the intervals convex and minutely punctured,
and the apical margins not separately rounded. The" pygidium is
finely transversely strigose. The front tibia bears a long terminal
tooth and a short upper one, the hind tibia is moderately lono-^
and the longer claw is cleft on the front and middle feet.

S . The inner front claw is broadly dilated.

Length, 11 mm. ; breadth, 5*5 mm.

BuEMA : Papun, Tenasserim {Lt.-Col. Adamson).

Type in the British Museum.

206 BUTELIN.5.

This species forms a connecting link between A. varier/ata and
A. diversipennis. It is rather smaller and narrower than the
latter and diflPers also in the truncate hind margins of the
elytra and tlie dark markings of the head and pronotura. These
markings are almost as in A. variegata, Hope, but that species has
a marginal line at the base of the pronotum.

20(3. Anomala diversipennis, sp. nov. (Plate III, figs. 25 & 26.)

Testaceous, with a golden-green lustre upon the head, pro-
notum, scutellum, lower surface and legs, and the elytra, the
pygidium, the whole of the last two abdominal segments, except
a pale lateral spot on each side of the penultimate one, the
posterior half of the fourth, a lateral spot on each side of the four
antei-ior segments, a small spot on the outer face of each of the
posterior femora, and the tarsi, brick-red or black.

It is elongate-oval in shape, not very convex and scarcely
shining, the upper surface being finely and closely punctured.
The liead, pronotum and scutellum are closely
and evenly punctured, the clypeus more
densely. The eyes are small and rather far
apart, the clypeus short and broad, with the
margin strongly retlexed, nearly straight in
front and rounded at the sides. The sides
of the pronotum are gently curved, straight
in front, with the front angles acute, the hind
angles obtuse and the base not completely
margined. The elytra have each six very
deeply impressed dorsal strise, the second dis-
rupted at the base, and the intervals are convex
Fig. 50. — Anomala and finely punctured, the fifth dilated and
diver sipemtis, <S . divided at the base ; the apical margins are sepa-
rately rounded and rather broadly fringed.
The pygidium is transversely rugose. The sides of the metasternum
are rugosely punctured and very scantily clotlied with short pale
hairs. Tlie front tibia is armed wilh a long terminal tooth and
a slight upper one, the hind tibia is long, and the longer claw of
the front and middle feet is cleft.

tS . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is straight and acute
and the inner front claw short and broad. Probably the elytra
are generally black.

2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is curved and very
blunt, and the inner front claw long and slender. The pygidium
is more strongly rugose than in the male and has t\^'o pale con-
verging bars. Probably the elytra are generally I'ed.
Length, 22-5-24 mm.; breadth, 6-5-7'5 mm.
BuEMA : Karen Hills, 2700-3800 ft. (L. Fea).
Type in the Genoa Museum ; co-type in the British Museum.
I have seen two males with black elytra, one (small) male with
red elytra and one female with red elytra.

ANOMALA.

207

207. Anomala tinctipennis, sp. nov.

Testaceous, with the head, pronotum and scutelluiii suffused
with a goldeu green lustre, and the elytra, the pygidiuni, the
posterior part of tlie abdomen and the tarsi red.

It is elongate-oval in shape, not very convex or shining, the
whole upper surface being finely and rather closely punctured.
The head, pronotum and scutellum are closely and evenly punc-
tured, the eyes small and rather far apart, the clypeus small and
broad, with the margins strongly reflexed, the sides strongly
rounded, the front margin nearly straight. The sides of the prono-
tum are evenly curved, the front angles nearly right angles, the
hind angles well-marked but obtuse, and the base gently trisinuate
and not margined. The elytra have live moderately impressed
dorsal striae containing fine but confused punctures, the sub-
sutural interval is broad and incompletely divided, and all the
intervals are finely and irregularly punctured ; the marginal
membrane is narrow. The pygidium is transversely and not
very strongly rugose. The sides of the metasternum are
rugosely punctured and scantily clothed with short yellowish
hair. The front tibia is armed with a long terminal tooth and
a short upper one ; the hind tibia is long and slender, and the
longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

<S . The last joint of the front tarsus is enlarged, the inner
front claw is strongly dilated, and the terminal tooth of the front
tibia is very sharp.
2 unknown.

Length, 13-5 mm. ; breadth, 7 mm.
Assam (Col W. F. Badghy).
T>ipe in the British Museum.

208, Anomala agilis, sp. nov.

Testaceous, with a goldeu green lustre, the pygidium, abdomen
(except the two basal segments) and tarsi brown or reddish.

The body is elongate- oval in shape, not very convex, and
scarcely shining, the upper surface being finely and closely-
punctured. The head, pronotum and scutellvun are densely
punctured, the eyes small and far apart, the clypeus broad, with
the margin strongly reflexed, straight in front and rounded at the
sides. The sides of the pronotum are very obtusely angulated in
the m.iddle, straight in front, the front angles acute, the hind
angles distinct but not sharp, and the base gently trisinuate, but
not completely margined. The elytra have six rather deep dorsal
stride, the second disrupted in front and abbreviated behind, and
the fifth interval dilated and divided in its anterior part ; the
strife contain fine and rather confused punctures, and the inter-
vals are finely and irregularly punctured ; the marginal mem-
brane is rather broad. The pygidium is transversely and rugosely
strigose. The sides of the metasternum are rugosely punctured and

208 EUTELIN^.

thinly clothed with short yellowish hair. The front tibia is armed
with a long terminal tooth and a short npper one, the hind tibia
is long and slender, and tlie longer claw of the front and middle
feet is cleft.

J . The last joint of the front tarsus is enlarged and the inner
front claw strongly dilated.

5 unknown.

Length, 11*5-12'5 mm. : breadth, 6"5 mm,

SiKKiM : Mungphu {E. T. Atkinson), Darjiling, Pashok, 3500 ft.
(F. H. Gravely, May, June), Soora, 4000-5000 ft. {F. H. Gmvehj) ;
Bhutan (X. Durel).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the Indian Museum
and M. Eene Oberthiir's collection.

Taken by Mr. Gravely on a Datura plant.

209. Anomala mystica, sp. nov.

Testaceous, with a faint metallic green lustre, the elytra tra-
versed by two interru])ted sinuous black lines, one before and the
other behind the middle. The hind tibise and tarsi are deep
metallic green.

It is elongate-oval, tapering m front and behind, the upper
surface everywhere finely and densely punctured or punctate-
rugose, with very minute inconspicuous setae, the lower surface
clothed at the sides with fine tawny hair. The clypeus is small,
transversely rounded and finely and rugosely punctured, the
forehead and vertex very closely and evenly punctured. The
prouotum and scutellum are also very closely and evenly punc-
tured, the sides of the former gently rounded in the middle,
straight in front and behind, the front angles rather acute, the
hind angles blunt, but nearly rectangular, and the base not mar-
gined. The elytra are striated, the intervals unequal, convex and
finely and closely punctate-rugulose, and the membranous margins
rather conspicuous. The pygidiuu) is rather finely transversely
rugulose. The front tibia is bidentate, the hind tibia slender, its
lono-er terminal spine very slender and about twice as long as
the shorter one, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet
cleft.

S . The inner front claw is short, broad and acute, and the
teeth of the front tibia are very short and sharp.

Length, 14 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.

Burma: Karen Hills (W. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum.

It is a peculiar species, chiefly remarkable for the very minute
set£e with which its upper surface is beset.

210. Anomala bella, sp. nov. (Plate I, fig. 9.)

Testaceous, entirely suffused with a golden, golden green or
metallic purplish lustre, with the hinder part of the head, a
narrow median line and an irregular patch on each side of the

AXOMALA. 2Q9

pronotura (generally more or less fused together), bright metallic
green, and the suture, outer edge and posterior part of the elytra
black. The pygidium (sometimes with the exception of a V-shaped
apical pale mark), parts of the lower surface, the hind tibia? and
tlie tarsi are also dark.

The body is boat-shaped and the upper surface is everywhere
closely sculptured and not shining. The clypeus is broadlv
rounded and deeply rugose, the forehead is rugosely and the
vertex strongly punctured. The pronotum is closely, deeply and
rather evenly punctured, with the sides obtusely angulated near
the middle, the front angles right angles, the hind angles obtuse
and the base not margined. The scutelluin is strongly punctured,
and the elytra are deeply sulcate, with the intervals strongly con-
vex and irregularly punctured ; tlie sides are narrowly flanged and
widest a little behind the middle. The pygidium is strongly trans-
versely rugulose, and the body beneath is rugulose at the sides
and hnely punctured in the middle. The front tibia is bidentate
the hind tibia rather long and slender, and the larger claw cleft
on the front and middle feet.

d. The teeth of the front tibia are sharp, and the lower lobe
ot the inner front claw broad and very acute.

Length, 14-16 mm. ; breadth, 7-8 mm.

SiKKiM : Mungphu {E. T. Atkinson) ; Assam : Chandkhira
bylhet {J. A. Slierivm), Khasi Hills, Wali Jain, 1000-3000 ft'
(May); Burma {F. M. Machivood, May).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the Indian Museum
( alcutta, and the Agricultural Eesearch Institute, Pusa.

The metallic lustre of the upper surface is green upon the head
and thorax, and purple on the elytra, but the coloration is verv
variable. The basal pale patch upon the elytra generally reaches
the middle, where it ends squarely, but it may be reduced and in
one specimen in the British Museum the dark colouring is' almost
absent. "

211. Anomala flavofasciata.

Anomala Jtavofasciata, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix IGl-"
p. 72. V / ) ->

Black or dark brown, with a greenish or bronzy lustre, which
is scarcely traceable upon the posterior part of the elytra, and
with a transverse zigzag yellow mark, interrupted or continuous,
at the middle of the elytra.

It is ovate in shape, moderately broad in the middle and
tapering in front and behind. The head is densely punctured
rugosely upon the clypeus, which is broad. The pronotum is
closely set with line but deep transverse punctures and has an
iridescent lustre ; its sides are subangulate before the middle, the
front angles acute, the hind angles rectangular but slightly rounded
off, the base not margined and moderately prominent in the middle.
The scutellum is punctured like the pronotum. The elytra bear

210 BUTELINiE.

a flattened dilatation from the shoulder to beyond the middle ;
they are deeply striated, with confused punctures in the striae
and upon the 2nd and 4th intervals, which are broad, and fine
scattered punctures upon the remaining surface. Tlie pygidium
is transversely strigose and bears a few erect tawny hairs. The
metasternum is finely punctured and pubescent, and the abdomen
irregularly striolated, with transverse rows of stout bristles. The
mesosternum is not produced, the front tibiae are bidentate, the
hind tibiae long, and the larger claw of the front and middle feet
is cleft.

(^ . The front tibial teeth are short, the claw-joint is strongly
curved and bears a sharp basal tooth, and the lower lobe of the
inner claw is broad.

Length, 14-16-5 mm. ; breadth, 7-5-8-5 mm.

SiKKiM : Kurseong, 4700-5000 ft. (iV. AnnandaJe), Gantok ;
Bhutan {L. Durel) ; Tonkin : Mauson Mts., 2000-3000 ft.
(R. Fruhstorfer).

Type in the British Museum.

A. flavofascinta is closely related to the Chinese A. spiloptera,
Burni., as well as to A. jiavonotata and A. flaviventris, which
follows The peculiar iridescent lustre of the pronotum and the
well-marked lateral flange of the elytra will serve to distinguish it.

This insect is nocturnal iu its habits, Mr. Annandale having
noted that it hides by day in the moss under tree-trunks and
emerges at night.

212. Anomala flaviventris. (Plate III, figs. 16 & 17.)

Anomala Jlaviventris, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912,
p. 74.

Black or purplish black, with yellow markings as follows : —
narrow lateral borders to the pronotum,
an irregular transverse median band
common to both elytra (directed slightly
forward towards the extremities, which
do not quite reach the outer margins),
the posterior part or almost the whole
of the ]jygidiuin, the lower surface of
the body, the antennae, femora, and front
and middle tibise.

The body is elongate, rather parallel-
sided, closely punctured and scarcely
shining above. The head is densely
rugosely punctured, with the clypeus
short and nearly straight in front. The

^\g.bl.— Anomala flaviven- prouotum_ is finely _ and densely punc-

i'r/.s, male. tured, with the sides obtusely angu-

late in the middle, the hind angles nearly

right angles, tiie base not margined and very gently trisinuate.

The scutellum is closely punctured at the sides. The elytra are

deeply striated, with coarse confused punctures in the striae and

A.JJOMALA. ^ill

upon tlie alternate iiiter\als, the others being narrow , convex and
minutely punctured. Tlie pygidium and lower sui-f'ace are very
thinly hairy, and the uietasternuni is finely and closely punctured.
The front tibia bears two strong teeth placed rather close together,
the hind tibia is long and slender, and the front and uiidclle feet
have the larger claw bitid.

c? . The antenna! club is rather long and the tibial teeth short
and very sharp.

Leiic/th, 14-0 mm. ; hreadth, 7'5 mm.

SiKKiM: Kurseou g {Versc?u-ae(/7ien, Lynch), Gopaldliara, Eung-
hong Y alley {H. Stevens); X. Bexgal: .Siliguri (Indian Mus.,July).

Tf/pe in the British Museum.

Three specimens taken by Verschraeghen at Kurseong are
males and have the pygidium transversely striolated and broadly
blnck at the hase, while four specimens from the Indian Museum,
taken at Kurseong and yiliguri, are all females, with the pygidium
densely pitted and yellow, except for a very narrow black basal line,

213. Anomala flavopicta.

Anovialajiavojncta, Arrow, Aim. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912, p. 75,

Pale yellow, with the bead, a niedian stripe upon the |n'onotum
extending from front to hind margin (narrowed before the latter
but extending along it almost fron) side to side), the scutellum,
and two irregular transverse bands upon the elytra (the anterior
one frequently reaching the base and sometimes uniting with the
posterior baud), black or dark brown ; the bead, thoracic markings
and scutellum faintly metallic. The base of the pygidium (with
a pointed median prolongation), the tibiae and tarsi are also dark,
tlie front and middle tibijB sometimes yellow on their inner side.
The antennae are long and j^ellow.

It is narrow, rather parallel-sided and not convex. The clypeus
is small, narrowly semicircular and rugose. The eyes are large,
the forehead very coarsely rugose, and the vertex strongly but
not densely punctured. The pronotum and scutellum are closely
punctured ; the sides of the former are angulated before the
middle, strongly convergent to the front angles, which are acute,
and slightly divergent to the hind angles, which are nearly light
angles. The elytra have three or four pairs of punctured striae,
bordering slight costae, which, like the remaining surface, are
minutely and rather sparingly punetulated ; the intervals are
irregularly punctured. The pygidium is transversely striolated
and bears long hairs at the apex. The metasternum is densely
punctured and clothed with rather long yellow hair, except in
the middle, and the abdomen is strongTy but not closely punc-
tured. There is no sternal process. The front tibiae are strongly
bidentate, the hind tibiae very long and slender and the longer
claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

S . The inner front claw is broad and its lower edge strongly
bisinuated.

Length, 13-14-0 mm. ; breadth, 7-7*5 mm.

p2

212 IIUIE.INM::.

Sik'KiM: Kiirseong (^. A. TfAbreu, Fersclmieghcn), Darjiling
(7/. Fruhsiorfer).

Type in the British Museum.

This species is i-elated to the Chinese A. rufopariita, Fairin.^
but is longer and narrower, and the markings are paler and less
sharply defined.

214. Anomala flavonotata.

A)H)ni(iht fiavo/iotatd, Arrow, Aim. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912,
p. 7:!.

Very dark greenish or coppery black above and beneath, with
a narrow transverse zigzag yellow band at the middle of the-
elytra, sometimes breaking up into three small spots.

The body is elongate-oval, shining and moderately couvex.
The clypeus is short, rounded and rugosely punctured, the fore-
head closely and strongly punctured in front and thinly behind.
The pronotum is rather finely and closely punctured, with the
sides narrowed to the front, the front angles acute, the hind
angles nearly I'ight angles, the base trisinuate and not margined.
The scutellum is well punctured, and the elytra rather unevenly
punctate-striate, with a broad irregularly punctured subsutural
space ; the punctures disappear towards the apices, but the whole
surface of the elytra is sprinkled with very line scattered punctu-
lations. The pygidium is very finely, but not closely, transversely
strigose, with a few long hairs towards the apex. The meta-
sternum is rugose and clothed with short erect pubescence, and
the abdomen is striolated at the sides. The front tibia is^
strongly bidentate, the hind tibia slender and the longer claw of
the front and middle feet is bifid.

J . The upper surface is more minutely punctured and shining
than in the female : the club of the antenna is longer ; the terminal
tooth of the front tibia much shorter and sharper ; and the front
claw-joint bears a sharp basal tooth.

2 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is very broad and blunt.

Length, 15-18 mm. ; bi'eadth, 8-9 mm.

SiKKiM : Kurseong, 5000 ft. {Verscliraeghen, E. A. UAbreu)^
Darjiling; Bhutan: ^akion {L. Ihirel).

Type in the British Museum.

215. Anomala lineatopennis.

Anomala lineatopeiims, lUanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent. Mas. Paris, 1851
(1850), p. 191.

Very dark coppery or greenish black above and beneath, with
the lateral margins of the pronotum and the elytra straw-coloured,,
except the extreme sutural and external edges of the latter, and
a narrow longitudinal stripe upon the humeral callus, gradually
vanishing posteriorly, sometimes very short and sometimes ex-
tending nearly the whole length of the elytra.

The body is moderately elongate and convex, with the meta-

ANOMALA. 213

sternum entirely and rather densely, and the abdomen and
extremity of the pygidium very sparsely, clothed with pale
yellow liairs. The head is densely punctate-rugose, with the
clypeus broad and almost straight in the middle. The pronotuni
is strongly and rather evenly punctured, with a more or less well-
indicated median longitudinal groove ; tlie sides arc angulated near
the middle, with the front angles rather acute, the hind angles
rather obtuse, and the base gently rounded and not margined.
The scutellum is distinctly punctured. The elytra are strongjly,
closely, and almost confluently punctured, the punctures at the
sides forming impressed rows; two or three elevated cost* out-
lined by double rows of punctures are sometimes conspicuous on
the dorsal part, but may be partly or wholly eflaced. The py-
gidium is subrugosely punctured, the punctures being generally
large ajid deep, but sometimes finer and shallower. The meta-
sternum is very densely punctured, the abdomen sti'ongly at the
sides and sparsely in the middle. There is no mesosternal process.
The front tibia is very strongly bidentate, the hind tibia is
slender and the longer front and middle claws are cleft.

J . The front tibia is very sharply bidentate, and the inner
front claw is sharp, rather dilated and deeply cleft.

Length., 17-18 mm. ; breadth, 9-5-10-O mm.

UifiTED Protinces: Dehra Duu, Mussooric, Eamgarh (C. F. G.
BeesoH, June), Jolikote (May), W. Almora, Kanildiet {II. G.
Champion); Punjab: Kulu, Simla, Naini Tal (May and June);
Bhutan (Z. Ditre?); Nepal: Khatmandu; BENGAFi: Buxar Duars
{D. Naoroji, May).

Ti/j^e in the Paris Museum.

This species has been taken feeding upon the leaves oF plum.

210. Anomala flavovaria, sp. nov.

Black and sliiuing, Avith yellow markings, consisting of a broad
irregular lateral border on each side of the pronotum, enclosing a
black spot before the middle and emitting an internal branch on
each side, beyond the middle, obliquely towards, but not reaching,
the base, and a zigzag transverse band common to both elytra
about the middle. Tlie pygidium and abdomen are also yellow,
but with black stripes at the sutures.

Oval and moderately convex, with the sternum clothed with
short, erect and rather thick yellow hair. The clypeus is rugosely
punctured, rounded in front and not large, and the forehead and
vertex are rather finely and fairly closely punctured. The pro-
notum is tinely, uniformly and moderately closely punctured, with
the sides feebly rounded in the middle, straight in front and
behind, with the front angles slightly acute, the hind angles
slightly obtuse, and the base not margined. The scutellum is
finely punctured, and the elytra are rather deeply sulcate, the
sulci containing rather shallow punctures, the intervals convex,
the second one very (coarsely and irregularly punctured, and the
fourth and sixth bearing single ro\\ s of rather scanty punctures.

214

liUTELIN.T.

The pygidium is finely and rather feebly transversely strigose.
The legs are fairly long, the front tibia armed with two \vell+
developed teeth, the hind tibia slender, and the longer front and
middle claws cleft.

cj" . The inner front claw is angulai'ly dilated internally.

2 unknown.

Le)}(ith, 15 nun. ; breadth, 8"0 mm.

i\ssAAr {CoJ. \V. F. Badr/lei/).

T[ii>e in the British Museum.

217. Anomala corvina, sp, nov.

Entirely sliining black above and beneati), with the footstalk of
the antenna alone pale yellow.

The shape is elongate-oval and rather depressed. The clypeus
is broad and, like the forehead, finely punctured and shining, with
the front margin strongly reflexed and nearly straight. The pro-
notum is finely, evenly and rather closely punctured, with the
sides regularly rounded, the front angles nearly right angles,
the hind angles blunt, and the base not completely margined.
The scutellum bears a few punctures. The elytra are very closely
and deeply sulcate, with the sulci not distinctly punctured, the
intervals narrow and convex and only very scantily punctulated ;
the lateral margins are a little reflexed at the shoulders. The
pygidium is rather coarsely transversely strigose. The sides of
the metasternum are clothed with rather scanty yellowish hair.
The front tibia is bidentate, the hind legs are very long and
slender, the tibia not inflated nor constricted, and the longer
claw is cleft upon the front and middle feet.

S . The front tibia is very broad, the terminal tooth rather
sharp, the upper tooth very minute, the front tarsus very short
and thick, and tlie inner front claw short and strongly dilated.

5 unknown.

Lenrith, 13 mm.; breadth, 6*5 mm.

SiKK'TM.

The single type specimen in the British Museum was taken by
the late !Sir Joseph Hooker about 1853.

218. Anomala semiaenea.

A72oi)iala semianea, Anew, Ann. iNJa<i-. JN'at. Hist. (8) viii, 1911
p. 484.

Deep metallic green or coppery green, with the elytra, abdomen
and legs chestnut-red, often with a very faint metallic tinge.

This is a small, not very convex, species, with the prothorax
short and not broad and the elytra dilating from the shoulders
almost to the extremities. The pygidium and the \\hole lower
surface are clothed with rather long erect grey hair. The clypeus
is broad, rugosely punctured and nearly straight in front, the
forehead coarsely punctured, the proiiotum moderately finely in
the luiddle and a little more coarsely at the sides ; the outer

AXOMALA. 215

margins are an-^iilated at the middle, the front angles nearly
right angles, the hind angles obtuse, the base very gently curved
and not margined. The scutellum is n)inutely punctured. The
elytra are deeply but unevenly striated, with moderately fine
punctures in the striae and upon the alternate intervals, whicli
are broader than the rest. The pygidium is very finely and
densely punctured, the sides of the metasternum strongly and
closely, and the abdomen coarsely and sparingly. There is no
mesostet-nal process. The front tibise are strongly bidentate, the
hind tibifB dilated at the end and constricted before it, and the
larger claw of the front and middle tarsi is cleft.

c? . The front inner claw is broad, abruptly angulated near the
middle of the lower edge, acute and strongly bifid.

Length, 9-11 mm. ; breadth, 5-6-5 mm.

Madras : Nilgiri Hills, 4000-6000 ft. (April and May).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. H. E. Andrewes'
collection.

A series of males, but no females, were taken by Mr. H. L.
Andrewes.

219. Anomala pr otea.

Anomnla protea, Arrow, Ann. Mag-. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912, p. 80.
Eeddish testaceous, witli a slight metallic lustre upon tlie head,
thorax and legs, the elytra non-metallic and decorated with black
markings, consisting of a large spot adjoining the scutellum on
each side, broad lateral and apical margins, and an irregular
transverse band beyond the middle, joining the lateral borders,
the suture being reddish or black : or the colour may be entirely
pale, with reddish markings, as described, upon the elytra: or the
elytra may be entirely black, with very narrow anterior and ex-
ternal margins reddish testaceous like lihe remainder of the body :
or the forehead, prothorax (except narrow lateral margins),
scutellum and legs may be metallic greenish black, the elytrn
with black bands as described.

It is a small, globose, shortly ovate insect. The head is
coarsely and closely punctured, with the clypeus broad and
nearly 'straight in front. The pronotum is strongly punctured
at the sides, a little more finely in the middle, with the lateral
margins strongly rounded, the front angles sharp, the hind angles
obtifse, and the base very gently trisinuate and not margined.
The scutellum is strongly punctured, and the elytra are deeply
punctate-striate, the punctures large and annular, the intervals
narrow, and the 5th, 7th and 9th divided by longitudinal rows of
punctures. The pygidium and the sides of the body beneath are
coarsely and confluently punctured, the latter scantily hairy.
There "is no sternal process. The legs are stout, the front tibia
strongly tridentate, the hind tibia very short, and the larger claw
of the front and middle feet is deeply cleft.

(S . The inner front claw is very broad.

Leni/tJi, 8-9 mm.; breadth, 5-5-5 mm.

216

KUTKLlX.l-:.

SiKKiM : Kurseong {Versclirae<jhtn), Mungpliu {E. 2'. Atkinson),
DarjiliDg, Gopaldhara, Kungbong Valley (//. Stevens), Kalinipong
(F. H. Gravely, April, May) ; Bhutan : Pedong {L. Durcl) • Assam :
♦Sibsagar (S. E. Peal).

This species is similar in shape and pattern to A. decorata,
Kirsch, but it is a little smaller, the pronotum is much less
densely punctured, and the colour is not the same. The markings
iire strikingly inconstant. I have seen nine specimens, most, if
not all, males, but two specimens decorated with red instead of
black may be females, being so fragmentary as to render the sex
indeterminable.

220. Anomala decorata.

Anomala decorata, Kirsch, Mitth. Mus. Dresden, i, 1878, p. 30.

Mahogany- or light chestnut-brown, with a light metallic red
suffusion, and with irregular yellow markings upon the elytra
partly outlined with dark brown. These pale markings consist of
an irregular crescent crossing the suture near the middle of the
elytra and reaching the anterior margin on each side of the scutel-
lum, a short transverse bar also crossing the suture a little before
the hind margin, and a few minute spots on each side. The meta-
sternum is clothed rather closely, and the abdomen thinly, with
short yellow hairs.

The shape is oval, compact and convex. The head is closely
iind rugosely punctured, the eyes small and widely separated, and
the clypens broad, with its margin gently rounded and not strongly
reflexed. The pronotum is strongly and closely punctured, the
punctures becoming coarse and confluent at the sides, which are
gently rounded, the front angles sharp, the hind angles very
blunt, and the base broadly trisinuate. The scutellum is broad,
blunt and ^\•ell punctured. The elytra bear rather closely set
rows of moderately large punctures. The pygidium is finely and
densely granulated. The legs are rather sliort, the front tibia
armed with two sharp teeth, the hind tibia very stout and the
longer claw cleft on the front and middle feet.

(S . The lower lobe of the longer front claw is broad.

Length, 11*5 nnn. ; breadth, 7 mm.

Burma : Mavmyo (II. L. Andreives, Mav) ; Malay Peninsula :
Perak ( W. iJoherty).

Taken on peach trees {Prnnii!^ persicn) at Muymyo.

221. Anomala conjuga.

Pseudosinghala conjuga. Arrow, Anu. Mag. Nal. Hist. (7) vii, 1901,
p. 400.

Yellow, with the head, the pronotum (except the lateral mar-
gins), the elytra] suture, an anterior patch common to the two
elytra and enclosing the scutellum, a common posterior patch
extending to the hind margins, and the tibia? and tarsi, reddish
or deep metallic green.

ANOMALA. 217

It is small, shortly oval in shape, almost globose, very smooth
aud shining. The head is rugosely punctured, with the clypeus
rounded. The pronotum is finely and sparingly punctured, with
the lateral margins strongly rounded, the front angles acute, the
hind angles obtuse, and the base rounded in a single curve and
not margined. The scutellum is short and broad and bears a few
fine punctures. The elytra each bear live very deep dorsal striae,
containing very large punctures, and the subsutural interval also
bears a few very large punctures. The elytra are short and
separately rounded at their extremities. The pygidium is rather
finely and not closely punctured. Tiie front tibia is armed with
two strong teeth, the hind tibia is very short and stout, and the
longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

The darker pigmented parts of the body are deep green iu
colour in the male and red in the female, but there may perhaps
be exceptions to this rule.

Lengthy 6 mra.; bi*eadth, 3"5 mm.

Madras : Nilgiri Hills {H. L. AnJi-ewes), S. Kanara, Nagody,
2500 ft. (T. V. Itamakrishna, Sept.) ; Bombay : N. Kanara, Castle
Rock {S. Kemp, Oct.).

222. Anomala anopunctata.

Anunuila anopunctata, Harm., llandb. Ent. iv, 2, 18o.5, p. oOO.
Mimela nigrosellata, Ohaus, Tijds. v. Ent. Ivi, 191, '5, p. 31 (nevr
syn.).

Bright testaceous, smooth and shining, with the head, pronotum
and scutellum suffused with a metallic green or coppery lustre ;
the head, a broad wavy dark line on each side of the middle line
of the pronotum, a broad triangular patch at the base of the
elytra, enclosing the scutellum (this and the prothoracic marks
often outlined with darker pigment), a short longitudinal mark
behind each shoulder, a spot on each side of the base of the
pygidium, the extremities of tlie tibia> aud the tarsi red, bi'own
or almost black.

It is shortly ovate and very convex. The clypeus is rugosely
punctured, with the margin gently curved and strongly refiexed ;
the forehead is strongly and irregularly punctured. The pro-
notum and scutellum are closely punctured, the former having
the sides regularly rounded, the front angles acute, the hind
angles almost obsolete, the base very gently sinuated and not
margined. Each elytron bears seven dorsal rows of deep and
closely-set punctures, the second vow breaking up at the base
into a cluster of irregular punctures ; the membranous margin is
rather broad posteriorly. The pygidium is rather coarsely, closely
and confluently punctured. The sternum and abdomen are rather
strongly punctured and very sctmtily pubescent, and the ])ro-
sternum forms a slight process behind the front coxae. The front
tibia bears two very strong teeth, the hind tibia is very short and
broad, and the longer claw of the front and tuidtlle feet is cleft.

S . The inner trout claw is dilated and unequally cleft.

218 RUTELTK,^.

Leni/th, 10-11 niiii. : breadth, 6 nini.

Burma : Pegu (Indian Museum), Tenasserim.

This species has an extraordinary superficial resemblance to
A. dec'qnens, Arr., from which it differs in important structural
details.

223. Anomala auripennis.

A7ionial(t aiiiipemds, Arrow, Ann. Mau'. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912,
p. ooO.

Pale yellow, entirely suffused with a rosy or greenish-golden
tinge, the head, pronotum (except the pale lateral margins), hind
tibiae and all the tarsi deep coppery-green.

It is ovate, short or modei-ately long, convex and only slightly
shining. The head and pronotum are very closely punctured all
over, the elypeus rugose and broadly rounded. The prothorax is
not nuirgined at tiie base, the sides are scarcely rounded, but
slightly angulated betore the middle, with the front angles almost
right angles and the hind ones well marked but obtuse. The
scutellum is well punctured, except at the sides. The elytra are
minutely punctured all over, with larger punctures between ; the
latter form a sutural and two paired dorsal rows, the subsutural
interval being very broad and coarsely punctured. The pygidium
is finely transversely strigose. The sternum is moderately thickly
clothed with soft yellowish pubescence. There is no mesosternal
pi'ocess. The front tibia is bidentate, and the larger claw of the
front and middle tarsi cleft. The antennae are i-ather long,
and the 5th joint is equal in length to the two precednig joints
together.

6 . The club is as long as the remainder of the antenna, the
front tibial teeth are very short, and the hind tibia is slender.

$ . The body is more elongate, the antennal club moderately
long, the terminal tooth of the front tibia is long and clavate, and
the hind tibia is short and stout.

Ltmjth, 13-18 mm.; breadth, 8-9-5 mm.

Buema: Euby Mines (TF^. Dolurty), Karen Ghecu, 3900-4200 ft.
(X. Fea, Eeb., March), Plapu {L. Pea, April), Muleyit, 3000-
3900 ft. (April), Pokokku (Mss Mohswortl,).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the Genoa Museum.

This rather resembles the Japanese A. hicens, Ball., and some
varieties of the European A. cenen, Deg., but it is sharply distin-
guished from those, as from nearly all other species of the genus,
by the length of the 5th joint of the antenna.

224. Anomala shanica, sp. nov. (Plate lY, tig. 10.)

Deep coppery green, with the femora and antennae reddish, and
strongly metallic above and beneath.

Oval in shape, convex and not very shining above, and clothed
bpne:!tli with short but rather thick greyish hair. The upper

ANOMALA* 219

surface is finely and densely punctured. The head is very deeply
and rugosely punctured and quite opaque, except upon tlie vertex,
and the clypeus is short and almost regularly semicircular. The
pronotum is very closely and evenly punctured, with tlie sides
strongly rounded, the front angles acute, the hind angles obtuse
and the base not margined. The scutellum bears numerous fine
punctures on each side. The elytra are everywhere finely and
closely punctured, with rather larger punctures intermixed : there
are only slight traces of longitudinal lines, but tlie membranous
margins are moderately wide and conspicuous. The pygidium is
finely and closely transversely strigose and bears a few long hairs
towards the extremity. The abdomen beneath and the mitldle of
the metasternum are finely punctured, and the sides of the latter
are densely rugulose. The legs are fairly stout, the front tibiae
strongly bidentate, the hind tibiae a little contracted before the
extremity, and the longer claw cleft on the front and middle
feet.

(S . The pygidium is rather less closely and finely rugulose tli.an
in the female, the terminal tooth of the front tibia is short, and
the inner fro)it claw broadly dilated.

5 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long and clubbed.

Length, 16-19 mm.: breadth, 9-10 mm.

Burma: S. Shan States, Kolaw, 4000 ft. (F. M. MaclavooiK
April), Karen Hills {W. Dolierty).

Tj/pe in the British Museum.

Although all from different sources, I believe a female in the
British Museum and one in Mr. Andrewes' collection (taken
by Capt. A. K. AYeld-Downing) to be conspecific with the nuile
from the S. Shan States.

This species has the closest relationship to Ji. russiveniris,
Fairm. (Tonkin), but is less brilliant green above and less red
beneath, and the legs are rather stouter. It also closely re-
sembles A. lasiocaula, Ohaus, but is more densely punctured and
has a rather broader pronotum. It is smaller and narrower than
A. pictij)cs, and the clypeus is evenly rounded, instead of having
a flattened front maro-jn.

225. Anomala pictipes, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 4.)

Chocolate-brown, with a greenish coppery lustre, and with
narrow lateral margins to the pronotum (sometimes only trace-
able in front), an irregular line on each side of the pygidium, the
outer parts of the femora, and parts of the lower surface yellow.

Oval, convex and moderately shining, but the upper surface
covered with very fine and dense punctures, a little less dense on
the elytra, upon which there are shallow, indefinite stria?. The
clypeus is rather small, subrectangidar, with the punctures
confluent. The sides of the pronotum are strongly rounded,
the front angles wery sharp, the hind angles very blunt, ajul the
base broadlv rounded and not margined in the middle; the

220 nuxEiiiNM:.

iiiai-giiial nieiiibraiie of the elytra is iianow. Tlie pygidium is
Huely transversely strigose and bears a Few scattered hairs. The
body is more shining beneath, with a tliiii clothing of short hairs
at the sides of the u)etasternum. The legs are stout, thw front
tibia armed with two shai'p oblique teeth, the hind tibia broad,
and the longer claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

cJ . The pygidium is more densely sculptured and less shining,
with the pale markings less apparent than in the female. The
hind tibia is not dilated at the extremity.

$ . The pygidium is rather shining, the front tibia blunt at the
•extremity and the hind tibia a little dilated,

Lengdi, 19-22 nun.; breadth, 10-12 mm.

Uppek Assam : Sonapur(L. G. Mlddleion, Sane),^ . Lakliim]jur,
Deju (H. Stevens, June); Burma. : Bhamo {T. SeVcirk and L. Fea,
June, July), Palon, Pegu {L. Fea, Aug., Sept.).

Tj/2Je in the British Museum ; co-types in the Genoa Museum.

226. Aiiomala cantori. (Plate III, figs. 2 & 3.)

Euchlora cantori, Hope,* 31ag-. Nat. Hist, iv, 1840, p. i'84.
Anomala secera, Buriu.,* Handb. Eutom. iv, 2, 1855, p, 504.

Uniform dark coppery above and beneath, sometimes a little
more greenish below.

Broadly oval, convex, smooth above and slightly shining, but
very finely and closely punctured ; rnore shining beneath, and
clothed at the sides with an extremely short pubescence.
The clypeus is finely rugose and nearly semicircular, with the
margin scarcely reflexed, and the forehead is densely punctured.
The prouotum, scutellum and elytra are similarly densely punc-
tured, the first having the punctures still closer and confluent at
the sides, which are nearly straight in front, strongly rounded
behind the middle, with the hind angles almost rounded off, the
base being very gently trisinuate and not margined. The elytra
are without/ longitudinal lines of punctures, except a juxta-
sutural one, and the marginal membranes are very narrow. The
pygidium is transversely striolated, the metasterniim and abdomen
lightly punctured in the middle and rugose at the sides. The
mesosternum is not produced, the front tibials bidentate, the hind
tibia short and stout, and the larger claw of the front and middle
feet is cleft.

J . The pygidium is entirely closely striolated, and the terminal
tooth of the front tibia is a little sharper than in the female.

$ . The pygidium is closely striolated in the middle, more
coarsely at the sides, and in some specimens pale lateral markings
are visible.

Lenqth 17-25 mm.; breadth, 10-14 mm.

Bengal: Barway (P. Oanlon) ; Assam: Sylhet, Khasi Hills;
Burma : Palon, Pegu (L. Fea, Aug., ^ept.), Bhamo (F. J7. Macl^-
u'ood, April), Papun (Col. Adamson).

Type in the Oxford Museuuj ; that of A. severa, Burm., in
the Halle Museum.

AXOMALA.

221

227. Anomala laniventris. (Plate li, fig. 3.)

Anomala laniventris, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912,.
p. 339.
Dark copperv-olivaceous, with the lateral edges of the pro-
iiotum, the lower surface of the body, and the femora yellow, the
abdomen browner, and tlie tibiae and tarsi deep metallic green.

Elongate-oval, not very shining, with the sternum, the pygidiuni
and sides of the abdomen rather thickly clotlied with short grey
pubescence. The entire upper surface is closely and finely punc-
tured, except the clypeus, which is rugose and broadly rounded.
The base of the prouotum is rather prominent in the middle and
not margined, and the sides are obtusely prominent in the middle,
with the front angles nearly right angles and the hind angles
obtusely rounded. There are a few indistinct longitudinal rows
of fine' punctures on the elytra, the outer margins of which are
bordered with very broad membranous fringes. There is no
mesosternal process. The front tibia is sharply bidentate, the hind
tibia stout, and the larger claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.
The 3rd and 5tli joints of the antenna are longer than tlie 4th.

cJ . The terminal tool h of the front tibia is slender and the upper
one short but sharp. Tlie inner lobe of the inner front claw is very
broad and abruptly angulated at the middle of the lower edge.

2 . The teeth of the front tibia are rather long and sharp.

Length, 17-li) mm. ; breadth, 9-5-10-5 mm.

Burma: Paungde (G. Q. Corhett), Palon, Pegu (/>. Feci, Aug.,.
yept.), Rangoon {E. T. Atkinson).

Type in the British Museum ; co-type in the Genoa Museum.

This species is related to the Himalayan A. perphxa, Hope, but
is much duller in colour and easily recognizable by the very broad
external membranes of the elytra.

228, Anomala densa, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 1.)

Coppery and moderately shining, with the clypeus and legs

fiery red. . , , , , r

It is oval and rather convex, with the whole upper surface
very finely and densely punctured, and the pygidium and the
sides of tiie body beneath rather thickly clothed with fine grey
hair. The clypeus is broadly rounded and densely granular.
The prouotum is much narrowed in front, with the sides
strongly rounded, all the angles blunt, tlie base not completely
raaro'uied, the punctures very fine, deep and uniform, but with a
very° narrow unpunctured median line. The outer edge of the
scutellum is also unpunctured. The elytra are rather less strongly
and uniformly punctured and have indications of indefinite longi-
tudinal lines of rather larger punctures, the membranous margins
being narrow. The pygidium is densely granular. The front
tibia is strongly bidentate, the hind tibia rather stout, and the
longer claw is cleft on the front and middle feet.

S . The apical tooth of the front tibia is sharp, the inner front

222 RurELiNiE.

claw is angularly dilated, and the hind tibia is not dilated at the
end.

2 . Tht^ apical tooth of the front tibia is blunt, and the hind
tibia is dilated at the end.

Length, lG-18 ram. : breadth, 9-10 mm.

Burma: Theinzeik [P. Loizeau); Stam : hills between Me Ping
and Thaungyin (C S. Barton, Nov.).

Ti/pe in the British Museum ; co-types in M. Rene Oberthiir's
•collection.

Specimens of this species have been kindly presented to the
British Museum by M. E.ene Oberthiir.

:129. Anomala angulicoUis, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. tl.)

Reddish testaceous, with the forehead and vertex, the pronotum
(except the lateral margins) and the scutellum dark bluish green,
slightly metallic. 'The elytra also are sometimes suffused v\ itli a
faint metallic golden lustre. The hind tibise and the tarsi are
reddish.

It is oval, convex, densely putictured above and not shining,
and the metasteruum is i-ather thickly clothed with sliort erect
pale pubescence. The head is strongly and closely punctured,
the eyes are large and promnient, the clypeus is small, rather
rugosely punctured, with the margin rounded and strongly re-
flexed. The pronotum is densely jmnctured, and at the sides
confluently ; the lateral margin is obtusely angulated before the
middle and straight from there to the front and hind angles,
which are distinct but rather obtuse, and the base is not com-
pletely margined. The scutellum is strongly punctured, and the
elytra densely and rngosely, with rather indefinite impressed
longitudinal lines. The pygidium is finely and densely rugose.
The front tibia is armed with two sharp teeth; the hind tibia is
short and stout, broad at the extremity and not constricted before
it ; and the longer claw is cleft on the front and middle feet.

d ■ The up|)er tooth of the front tibia is shorter than in the
female, and the longer front claw is angularly dilated at its lower
«dge.

Length, 1.5-16 mm. ; breadth, 8-9 mtn.

Bengal: Chandipore, nr. Balasore, Orissa Coast (F. II.
Gravely, June).

Type in the Indian Museum, Calcutta; co-types in the Biitisli
Museum.

230. Anomala igniceps, sp. nov. (Plate III, tig. 12.)

Russet brown, with the clypeus and forehead fiery or golden-
red ; the vertex, pronotum and scutellum metallic olivaceous
green; the elytra, pygidium and lower surface slightly tinged
with green ; the femora paler and the tibiae and tarsi coppery.

It is oval in shape, with the head, pronotum and scutellum
slightly shining, and the elytra and pygidium opaque. The
clypeus is small, rounded and rugosely punctured, with its

ANOMALA. 223

niai-gin strongly reflexed. The foreliead is rather coarsely punc-
tured and the prouotuin strongly and densely, the punctures of
the latfer becoming confluent a*t the sides ; the lateral margins
are rounded, the front angles are right angles, the hind angles
well marked but obtuse. Tlie scutellum is closely punctured,
except at the edges, and the elytra are densely and confliiently
punctured, «ith a few indistinct larger pnnctui'es which form
scarcely distinguishable longitudinal lines, the marginal membrane
being rather broad. The pygidium is densely granulated and
opaque. The metasternum is moderately well clothed with pale
hair and the sides of the abdomen less thickly. The front tibia
is bidentate, and the longer claw is cleft on the front and middle
feet,

r? . The apical tooth of the front tibia is short and sharp and
the hind tibia moderately long.

2 . The apical tooth of the front tibia is long and curved and
the hiiul tibia very short and stout.

Length, 14-17 mm. ; breadth, 7o-9 mm.

Burma: Tenasserim.

7^1/2^6 in the British Museum.

It is not impossible that this is the Melolontlia semlvirens of
Gyllenhal, the locality of which is unknown.

231. Anomala seminitens, sp, no v.

Shining coppery or golden green, with the elytra chocohite-
brovvn, scarcely perceptibly sufi'nsed with metallic green, closely
and coarsely punctured and opa(]ue.

it is oval in shape and moderately convex. The clypeus is
seraicircidar, strongly and closely punctured, with the margin
strongly reflexed. The forehead is rather less closely punctured,
The pronotum is very sliiuing, finely punctured in tlie middle,
the puncturation becoming stronger towards the sides, where it
is coarse and rather close ; the sides are anguLited before the
middle, all the angles are obtuse and the base is not completely
margined. The scutellum bears a few conspicuous punctures,
and the elytra are unequally but deeply and closely punctured,
the punctures becoming confluent, especially at the sides ; some
of the larger punctures form indistinct longitudinal impressed
rows. The pygidium is rather coarsely transversely rugose and
clothed with rather long, but not thick, yellowish hair. The
sides of the metasternum and abdomen are coarsely punctured
and similarly clothed. The front tibia is armed with two strong
teeth, the hind tibia short and stout and the longer claw of the
front and middle feet is cleft.

d . The lower lobe of the longer front claw is angulaidy dilated
beneath.

Length, 1-1 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.

Madras: Ganjam, Berhampur (/i". T. Atkuaon).

Type in the British Museum.

I know only a single uiale specimen.

224 BUTKLIN.Ti:.

232. Anomala papuna, sp. nov. (Plate iU, fig. 8.)

Deep metallic green, with the lower surface, femora and narrow
lateral margins to the pronotuin testaceous, the elytra russet,
wdth a slight non-metallic green tinge, especially along the suture
and at the margins, and the abdomen and pygidium reddish^
with a slight metallic lustre. The tibite and tarsi are very dark
metallic green.

It is oval, convex, closely punctured above and not very
shining. The clypeus is broadly rounded, densely and con-
lluently punctured, the forehead closely and deeply, and the
vertex rather closely. The pronotum is closely, finely and rather
unevenly punctured, with a very narrow smooth median line ;
the sides are regularly rounded, the front angles right angles, the
hind angles very blunt and the base not entirely margined. The
scutellum is finely punctured, the elytra very closely, but scarcely
confluently, and almost without perceptible longitudinal lines of
punctures. The pygidium is finely and densely rugose and
opaque, with a rather thin clothing of tine decumbent yellow
hairs. The metasternum is similarly clothed. The front tibia
is armed with two strong teeth, the hind tibia is stout, and
the longer claw is cleft upon the front and middle feet.

J . The teeth of the front tibia are sharp, and the inner front
claw is strongly dilated.

5 unknown.

Lencjth, 18 mm. ; breadth, 10-5 mm.

Burma : Tenasserim, Papun (Lt.-CoL Adamson).

Type in the British Museum.

233. Anomala xanthoptera. (Plate IT, fig. 1.)

limnaJa raiitJiopfera, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris, 1851

(1850), p. 195.
Anomala prastnicallis, liates,* The Entomologist, xxiv, 1891 ^

Suppl., p. 18.

Yellowy with a green tinge, metallic beneath, and witli the
head, pronotum (except the lateral margins), scutellum, hind
tibia) and tarsi bright metallic green, with red-brown reflections,^
and the front and middle tibise and tarsi and the abdomen reddish,
with metallic green reflections. The elytra are of a peculiar pale
greenish-russet tint.

It is shortly oval, convex and moderately shining. The clypeus
is finely ruo-ose and nearly semicircular, and the forehead is finely
and closely punctured, a little more strongly and densely at the
sides. The lateral margins of the pronotum are very bluntly
ano-ulated a little before the middle, the front angles nearly right
angles and the hind angles very obtuse. The scutellum is finely
punctured. The elytra are very finely punctured all over and
have also larger punctures forming not very conspicuous double
rows, and irregularly scattered in the subsutural interval ; the
membranous margin is narrow. The pygidium is very finely and

ANOMALA. 225

densely granulated and clothed with short and not veiy close,
outstanding golden hair. The sides of the abdomen are similarly
clothed, and those of the metasternum bear longer and thicker
hair. The front tibia is armed with two strong teeth, and the
longer claw is cleft upon the front and middle feet.

d", Tlie terminal tooth of the front tibials straiglit and slender,
and the inner lobe of the longer front claw is obtuselv angulated
beneath.

Length, 14*5-16 mm. ; breadth, 9-10 mm.

Punjab : Kulu, Kangra Valley, 4500 ft. {G. 0. Dmlgeon, April) ;
United Pkoa^ixces : Dehra Dun (March).

T>jpe in the Paris Museum ; that of A. prasinicollis in M. Eeiie
Oberthiir's collection.

234. Anomala dawnensis, sp. nov. (Plate III, tigs. 6 & 7.)

liusset brown, with a slight metallic green suffusion, the head,
pronotum and scutellum olivaceous green, slightly metallic, and
the lateral margins of the pronotum and the femora golden
yellow.

Oval, convex, finely and closely punctured, and scarcely
shining, with the pygidium and lower surface rather closely
clothed with shoi-t grey hair. The clypeus and forehead are
densely punctate-rugose, the former rounded and not Aery broad,
and the vertex is closely and evenly punctured. The pronotum
is very closely punctured, almost coufluently at the sides, the
front angles are right angles, the hind angles blunt, and the base
is not margined. The scutellum is moderately punctured, and
the elytra are everywhere finely and closely" punctured, with
distinct longitudinal rows of rather larger punctures, the mem-
branous external margin being very distinct. The pygidium
is very finely granular and opaque and clothed with pale silky
hair. The front tibia is armed with two strong teeth, the hind
tibia is short and stout, and the longer claw is cleft on the front
and middle feet.

2 luiknown.

Leiu/th, 10 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.

Burma : Dawna Hills (Ool. 0. T. Bingham).

Type in the British Museum.

235. Anomala obtusicollis, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 10.)

Pale testaceous yellow, with the vertex and tarsi red, and the
entire upper surface suft'used with a faint greenish metallic
lustre.

It is oval and convex in form, only slightly shining above, with
the metasternum thickly clothed with short erect pale pubescence.
The head is moderately strongly and closely punctured, the eyes
are large and prominent, and the clypeus is small, with the
margin strongly rounded and refiexed. The pronotum is finely
and closely punctured, densely at the sides, with the lateral

226 I^UTELINJE.

margins gently rounded in front and straight behind, the front
angles extremely blunt, the hind angles well marked, but not
sharp, and the base not completely margined. The scutellum
and elytra are closely but irregularly punctured, a little more
coarsely than the pronotum, the elj^tra having i-ather larger
punctures irregularly scattered towards the inner margins and
otiiers forming ratlier indefinite longitudinal lines. The pygidium
is finely and densely rugose. The legs are not long ; the front
tibia is armed with two teeth, the upper one very short and
obtuse ; the hind tibia is very short and stout, with its extremity
very broad and not constricted ; and the longer claw is cleft on
the front and middle feet.

(5 . The club of the antenna is long, the apical tooth of the front
tibia is sharp, and the inner front claw is angularly dilated beneath.

The femnle is not known.

LeiKjfh, 15-16 mm. ; breadth, 7"o-8*5 mm.

Bexgal: Orissa Coast, Puri {F. II. Gravely and 8. Kemp,
March, Aug., Nov.).

Type in the Indian Museum, Calcutta ; co-types in the British
Museum.

236. Anomala clirysochlora, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 13.)

Pale golden-green, with the head, the middle of the pronotum
(rather vaguely), the hind tibiae and the tarsi darker.

Oval in shape, stout, convex and not very shining, with the
metasternum densely, and the pygidium and sides of the abdomen
thinly, clothed with pale yellow hair. The clypeus is rather
small, finely rugose and broadly rounded, and the forehead is
strongly and densely punctured. The pronotum is very finely
and closely punctured, with the sides strongly rounded, the
front angles right angles, the hind angles obtusely rounded,
and the base strongly sinuated and incompletely margined. The
scutellum and elytra are entirely finely punctured, the latter
with rather indefinite lines of larger punctures and a broad
irregularly punctured subsutural interval. The pygidium is
finely and shallowly rugulose. The front tibia is armed with
two strong teeth, the hind tibia is short and stout, and the
longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

S • The inner front claw is strongly bent and sharply angulated
beneath, and the teeth of the front tibia are sharply pointed.
5 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is blunt.

Length, 17-19 mm. ; breadth, 9'5-10 mm.

Burma: Tavoy (1^. Doherty), Meetan (L. Feci, April).

Type in the Indian Museum, Calcutta; co-types in the British
Museum and the Genoa Museum.

S37. Anomala desiccata, sp. nov. (Plate II, fig. 11.)

Olivaceous green, tinged to a variable extent with bx'own,
specially towards the posterior part of the elytra, and with

ANOMALA. 227

tlie lower surface and femora orange-red, with a metallic <yveeu
suifusion, the tibiae and tarsi deep metallic green.

It is shortly oval, very convex, closely punctured above and not
very shining. The clypeus is densely punctured, the forehead :i
httle less densely, the former being ratlier broad, straight in front
and rounded at the sides. The pronotum is finely and closelv
punctured, more coarsely and densely at the sides ; the latera"!
margins are strongly curv^ed, the front angles slightlv acute, and
the hmd angles well marked but obtuse. The scutellum is finely
but not closely punctured, and the elytra are rather closely punc-
tured, with somewhat larger punctures forming inconspicuous
longitudinal lines. The pygidium is densely granular and opaque
and clothed thinly with yellow hairs, which are closest a little
beyond the base and near the apes. The sides of the meta-
sternum and abdomen are more closely clothed with similar
han-s. The front tibia is bidentate, and the longer claw is cleft
upon the front and middle feet.

d ■ The extremity of the front tibia is moderatelv sharp, and
the pygidium is rather more opaque than in the female.

$ . The apical tooth of the front tibia is long and very blunt

Length, 20-21-5 mm.; breadtli, 12-12-5 mm.

NicoBAE Is. ( G. Ilogers).

Type in the British Museum.

238. Anomala malabariensis.

A)iomala Dialnbarkiisis, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris l>^ol
(1850), p. 195.

Testaceous, with the head, pronotum (except the lateral
margins) and elytra olivaceous green, and the tibite and tarsi
feebly metallic.

It is rather narrowly ovate, and moderatelv shining, with the
upper surface densely subrugosely punctured. The elvtra are
more rugosely sculjjtured than the rest of the upper ' surface
and have distinct longitudinal rows of larger punctures. The
pygiduim is rugosely punctured.

Lengthy 15-17 mm.

Madras : Malabar.

Types {S & 5 ) in the Paris Museum.

A. malabariensis, Bl., is very similar to the following species
but smaller and more elongate, with the front angles of the pro-
thorax sharper, the elytra with distinct rows of punctures lar*^er
than the rest, the pygidium densely rugose, and tlie tibise and ta*i-si
slightly coppery, instead of green.

239. Anomala chloronota. (Plate II, fig. 5.)

Anomala ckloronota, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii 1911
p. 358. ' '

liather deep green, sometimes becoming olivaceous upon the
elytra, with the extreme lateral margins of the pronotum, the

228 RUTELIN.E.

whole of the lower surface of the femora, and often tlie posterior
part of the pygidium, 3'ellow, ^^•ith a faint metallic tinge, and the
tibiae and tarsi deep metallic green.

The body is compactly oval, convex and very densely punctured
over the whole upper surface. The clypeus and forehead are
very deeply and densely punctured, the clypeus broad and nearly
straight in the middle. The pronotuiu and sculellum are finely
punctured, the punctures very dense on the former and becoming
coarser at the sides. The elytra are equally densely and ratlier
more coarsely punctured, with slight indications of longitudinal
rows of punctures, the marginal membrane being extremely
narrow. The pygidium bears moderately close rugulose punctures
and very scanty setae, and the metasternum is densely punctured
and thinly pubescent at the sides.

Length, 15-20 mm. ; breadth. 9-11-5 mm.

Ceylon : Trincomali, Peradeniya, Mamadu and Hiniduma {E. E.
Green, March-Nov.), Colombo (7\ B. Fletcher, Jan.), Kelani Valley
{W. Brain e).

Type in the British Museum.

This species is one of the numerous, very closely similar forms
of the " Edchlora " group related to A. perplexa, Hope. It is almost
identical in size, shape and coloration with that species, but the
membranous margins of the elytra are narrower and the pygidium
less hairy.

240. Anomala perplexa. (Plate II, tig. 4.)

EucMora perplexa, Hope, Proc. Zool. Soc. ii, ]839, p. 70; id.,
Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) iv, 1840, p. 348.

Bright pea-green above, with the lower surface, femora, the
lateral margins of the pronotum and tlie posterior part of tlie
pygidium orange. The anterior part of the pygidiiun is bright
nietalUc green, and the tibiae and tarsi are coppery, the front and
middle ones frequently deep coppery-green.

It is oval, convex "and moderately shining, and the pygidium
and sides of the body beneath are clothed with fine soft pale
yellow hair. The clypeus is nearly semicircular and finely
rugose, and the forehead, vertex and pronotum are densely and
deeply punctured, the sides of the pronotum being gently
rounded and all its angles rather obtuse. The scutellum is
well punctured, and the elytra bear close and deep but unequal-
sized punctures, amongst which a few double longitudinal rows
are indistinctly visible ; the membranous margin is moderately
broad behind. The pygidium is rather coarsely transversely
rugose. The sides of the metasternum are densely punctured.
The front tibia bears two strong teeth, and the longer claw of
the front and middle feet is cleft.

S . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is rather short and)
sharp, and the inner lobe of the inner front claw is strongly
angulated at the middle of its lower edge.

A^rOMALA. 229

$. The terminal tootli oi the trout tibici is longer, blunter
and more curved, and the pygidium is clothed with longer
hair.

Length, lG-19 mm. ; breadth, 9-11 mm.

Bhutan : Maria Basti {L. Durel) ; Sikkim : Darjiling, 7000 Ft.
{Maj. Bennett), Gopaldhara, Eungbong Valley (H. Stevens),
Mungphu (E. T. Atkinson), Pedong {Desgodins), Gantok, 6000 tt.;
Nepal {Maj.-Gen. Hardiviclce).

Type in the Oxford Museum ; co-types in the British Museum.

lu some specimens ot" this species there is a rather close clothing
of fine decumbent silvery hairs upon tlie pygidium, but these are
not generally ajiparent. Tliey may perhaps be present only in
freshly-emerged specimens.

241. Anomala indistincta, sp. uov. (Plate III, tig. 9.)

I have found myself obliged to separate from A. perplexa,
Hope, this Assamese repi'esentative of it, although after a pro-
longed examination of numerous examples of both forms I am
entirely unable to find* any external difference whatever between
tiiem. The jedeagus of ttie male is very markedly ditierent, the
lateral lobes being simply rounded, without the abrupt excision
near the tip seen in A. perplexa, and the median lobe broad
and forming two widely-diverging processes anteriorly. Com-
bined with the different habitat, this difference, which is sufficient
for the immediate identiiication of every male specimen I lia\e
seen, renders it impossible to unite the two races.

Length, 16-19 mm. ; breadth, 9*5-11 nun.

Assam : 8ylhet, Naga Hills ( I V. Dohertg), Helem {Mitchell, Dec),
Jorhat {Desenne, July), Mangaldai {S. IF. Kemp, Oct.), fSibsagar
(>!>'. E. Peal); Upper Burma: Bhamo Hills, 4000 ft. {b\ M.
Mciclcwood, May).

Type in the British Museum.

242. Anomala chloropiis, sp. uov. (Plate II. fig. 6.)

Apple-green, with a narrow lateral border to the pronotum,
a V-shaped mark at the apex of the pygidium, the lower surface
and feuiora golden yellow, and the tibiae and tarsi deep metallic
green.

Shortly oval, convex and very shining, with the upper surface
closely and very tinely punctured. The clypeus is broadly
rounded, with the forehead densely and rugosely punctured.
The sides of the pronotum are rounded, the front angles right
angles, the hind angles very blunt, and the base not completely
margined. The scutellum is tinely punctured, and the elytra
a little more strongly, with indetinite longitudinal rows of rather
larger punctures. The pygidium is closely transversely strigose
and sparsely hairy. The front tibia is strongly bidentate, and
the longer claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

230

Kl'TELIN.i:.

cJ . T!ie inner front claw is angularly dilated at the lower
edge, and the hind tibia is more slender than in the female.
Length, 14-5-16 mm. ; breadth, 8-5-10 nun.
BiriiMA : Karen Hills, 2800-3600 ft. {L. Fea).
Type in the Genoa Museum; co-type in the British Museum.

243. Anomala peguensis, sp. nov. (Plate II, fig. 2.)

Bright green, smooth and shining, with red-brown reflections,
the lower surface and pygidinm golden-red, and the tibise and
tarsi dark metallic green.

Tlie body is elongate-oval in shape, closely and very hiiely
punctured above, and thinly clothed with short yellowish hair
beneath. The clypeus is broadly rounded and finely granulated,
the forehead finely rugosely punctured. The pronotum is strongly
narrowed in front, the sides are strongly rounded, the front angles
right angles and the hind angles very obtuse, the base trisinuated
and not completely margined, the puncturatioii very fine, ch)se
and uniform. The scntellum is finely punctured, and the elytra
finely and closely, ^vith inconspicuous lonuitudinal lines of slightly
larger punctures. The pygidium is shining and not very densely
transversely striolated. The front tibia is strongly bidentate, and
the longer claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

6 ■ The pygidinm bears a few short scattered hairs.

2 . The pygidium is clothed with long erect hairs.

Le)i(/i7i, 19-20 mm. ; breadth, 1 0-5-11-5 mm.

Burma: Pegu, Palou (L. Fea, Aug., Sept.).

Ti/2^e in the British Museum ; co-types in the Genoa Museum.

One male specimen of this species is of a dark purplish-brown
colour above.

244. Anomala chlorocarpa, sp. nov. (Plate 111, fig. 5.)

Brilliant deep emerald-green above, with the lower surface
dark coppery and the tibiae coppery green.

Oval, convex, very smooth and brilliant, with tlie metasteinum
densely and the pygidiuui and abdomen beneath thinly clothed
with short whitish hairs. The clypeus is rounded and densely
rugose, the forehead is densely and the vertex strongly punctured.
The pronotum is moderately closely punctured, finely in the
middle and rather more coarsely at the sides; the lateral margins
are gently rounded, the front angles nearly right angles, the
hind angles obtuse and the base not completely margined. The
scutellum is finely punctured, and the elytra rather iiiore coarsely
but not strongly, and almost without a trace of longitudinal rows
of punctures ; the marginal membranes are well developed behind.
The pygidium is rather coarsely transversely strigose. The legs
are short and stout, the front tibia armed with two strong teeth,
the hind tibia very stout, and the longer claw cleft on the front
and middle feet.

c? . The inner front claw is angularly dilated beneath.

ANOMALA. 231

Lentjlh^ Ki-lb luui. ; breiulth, U"5 mm.

EuKMA (G. Q. Corhett).

Tiii>e in the British Museum ; co-type in Mr. H. E. Aiidrewes'
collection.

This species is closely allied to A. peijuensis, but is smaller and
moi'e smooth aud shining above, the puncturation being less close,
esjieeially upon the pronotum. The femaln is unknown, but pro-
bably has the pygidium clothed with long hair, as in A. periuensis.

245. Anomala mouochroa.

Anomala monochroa, Bates,* The Entomologist, xxiv, 1891, Suppl.
p. 17.

Very deep green, with the lower surface and legs deep metallic
green, sometimes with reddish reflections.

It is compactly oval and convex, with the sides of the bod}''
thinly clothed beneath with short golden hair. The clypeus is
rugosely punctured, the forehead and pronotum very closely, and
the elytra fluely and rather closely, the punctures being denser at
the sides. The apical margins of the elytra are narrow. The
pygidium is densely and rather finely graiuilar, and the sides of
the metasternum are rather densely punctured. The front tibia
is bidentate, and the longer claw of the front and middle tarsi is
cleft.

S . The teeth of the front tibia are short and sharp, and the
longer claw of the front foot is bent at the base. The pygidium
is very finely granular and almost opaque.

2 ■ The terminal tooth of the front tibia is longer and
l)lunter, aud the pygidium is rather more shining and less finely
granulated.

Lenf)th, 24-27 mm.; breadth, 14-15 mm.

BuKMA : Malewoon {L. Fea, July and August) ; Malay
Peninsula.

Tiipc in M. Bene Oberthlir's collection.

This species was described by H. W. Bates as taken at Kulu,
in the Punjab; but as in the case of Anomala holomelcena, MeJo-
lontha arijus and other insects enumerated in the same paper, a
mistake seems to have been made as to the real place of origin.
Probably specimens from the Malay Peninsula were accidentally
mixed with those brought from Kulu.

246. Anomala chlorosoma, sp. nov. (Plate II, fig. 15.)

Uniform deep green above and beneath, the legs and lower
surface slightly metallic.

Oval, convex, very smooth and shining. The head is strongly
and closely punctured, the clypeus rather bi'oadly rounded. The
pronotum is finely ])unctui'ed, densely at the sides, very lightly
aud minutely in the middle ; the front angles are acute and the
hind angles slightly obtuse. The elytra bear fine and irregular

1232 JiUIKIJN.E.

punctures, which are very deuse at the sides and extremities and
rather scanty near the scuteUum and suture ; the outer iiiargins
are unitorinly rounded and the membranous fringes not broad.
The pygidium is finely and densely granulated. The front tibia
is bidentate, and the longer front and middle claws are cleft.

cJ . The teeth of the front tibia are very sharp, and the inner
front claw is broad and blunt.

Lengthy 26 mm. ; breadth, 14 mm.

Punjab : ivangra Valley {G. C. Diulgeon).

Type in the British Museum.

This is much more shining above and less closely punctured
than A. monoehroa, Bates, the only related species in which the
legs and lower surface, as well as the upper surface, are uniformly
green. A specimen in M. Oberthiir's collection is labelled Khasia
Hills, but probably in error.

247. Anomala dimidiata. (Plate II, h'g. 16.)

Euchlora dimidiata, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Misc. 1831, p. 28.
Euchlora sulcata, Hope,* Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) iv, 1840, p. 349.
Var. Anomala barhata, Burm.,* Handb. Entoiii. iv, 2, 18o.5, p. 505.

Apple-green above (with a metallic lustre in var. harhata), the
lower surface and legs blue-black or blue-green.

The shape is broadly oval and not very convex, and the sides
of the body beneath are thinly clothed with reddish hair. The
clypeus is densely punctured, the forehead rather less densely,
and the eyes are not very prominent nor very convex above. The
pronotum is finely and moderately closely punctured, except at
the sides, where the punctures are ratlier coarse and confluent ;
it is short and broad, with the sides uniformly curved, the front
angles not at all produced and the hind angles rounded. The
scutellum is finely punctured, and the elytra finely and fairly
closely, with slight traces of longitudinal lines, the marginal
membrane being fairly broad at the outer part of the posterior
margin. The pygidium is moderately finely transversely rugose.

c? . The teeth of the front femur are short and sharp.

2 ' The teeth of the front femur are long and rather slender,
and the pygidium is clothed all over with long tawny hair.

Var. harhata, Burm. This is metallic, sometimes brassy-green
above, and generally of smaller size than the typical form.

Length, 19-26 mm.; breadth, 11-5-15 mm.

Nepal {Maj.-Gen. Hurdwicke — type); Kashmir: Campbell-
pore ; PuiNMAB : Kulu, Kangra Valley {G. C. Dudgeon, July),
Simla (Pusa Coll.) ; United Proyinces : Chawai {Gurun Ditta
Mai, Aug.), Naini Tal, 6000 ft. (Indian Museum) ; Bengal: Pus:i,
{H. M. Lefroy, July), Maldah ( W. H. Irvine), AV. Almora, Eanikhet
{H. G. C/tamj)ion); Sikkim : Mungphu (Z^;". T. AtJcinsoii) • Assam:
Shillong, Manipur (W. Doherty), Khasi Hills {B. Warren, May).

Type in the British Museum ; tliat ot E. Sidcata in the Oxford
Museum and that of A. harhata in the Halle IMusenm.

The female is very easily recognized by the \ery hairy pygidium,

ANOAIAI.A. 233

and the metallic variety barhata cannot be coufused with any
other species. This variety is very remarkable in a group
strikingly constant, as a rule, in colour.

This species has been taken amongst the roots of Motha at
Pusa in J nue.

24S. Anomala dussumieri. (Plate II, figs. 9 & 10.)

AnoJiiala dussumieri, lilaiich.,* Ciit. Coll. Eut. Mus. Paris, 1851
(IS.jU), p. 194.

Bright emerald-green, with the lateral margins of the prouotum,
the lower surface of the body, the femora aud frequently the
sides or the whole of tiie pygidium, yellowish, with a green or
golden suffusion, and the tibiae and tarsi coppery green.

it is oval in shape, very smooth and shining. The clypeus is
rugosely, and the forehead densely, punctured, the former ^ell
rounded at the sides. The pronotum is finely and closely punc-
tured, rather more strongly and densely at the sides ; the lateral
margins are gently rounded, with the front angles almost right
angles, and the hind angles well marked but obtuse. Tlie scu-
tellum is finely punctured, and the elytra finely, but not closely,
with scarcely traceable longitudinal lines ; there is a very narrow
lateral flange and the membranous margin is also very narrow.
The pygidium is finely and closely transversely strigose and bears
a very few fine long hairs. The sides of the metasternum are
closely punctured and thinly clothed with short yellowish hairs.
The front tibia is armed with two teeth, and the larger claw is
cleft on the front and middle feet.

S . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is sharp and nearly
straight, and the lower lobe of the inner front claw slightly dilated.

5 . The term nal tooth of the front tibia is more curved and
less acute.

Length, 24-26 mm.; breadth, l;5-15 mm.

CEYLOisr: Colombo, Kandy ; Madras: Cochin {T. V. Hama-
krishna, June), Ernakulam {F. H. Gravely, Sept.), S. Kanara, Udipi
{Pfieiderer, Nov.).

Type in the Paris Museum.

This species is evidently the one referred to in a pamphlet
"Ail about Grub," published in Ceylon by Mr. E. C. Haldane in
1881, in which it is said to be very destructive to cinchona leaves
in that island, especially to Cinchona succirubra.

249. Anomala chloropliylla, sp. nov. (Plate 11, fig. 8.)

After a most prolonged endeavour, I have failed to find any
really tangible external difference between this and A. dussumieri,
although it is impossible to unite them on account of the ditter-
ence in the jedeagi of the males, as well as their widely separated
habitats. The sculpture of the pygidium is perhaps a shade finer
and closer in A. cldorophyVa and the membranous fringe at the
extremity of the elytra is a little more conspicuous. The real

234

KUTELlX.i:.

relationship is rather to A. grandis, the sedeagus having a h)ng
median lobe without lateral prolongatious.

Length, 26-30 min. ; breadth, 14*5-16 mm.

BuKMA : Theinzeik (P. Loizeau), Palon, Pegu (L. Fea, Aug.,
Sept.), Bhaino {L. Fen, Aug.), Moulraeiu {L. Fea, May).

Tyj^e in the British Museum ; co-types in the Genoa Museum
and iu M. Kene Obertluir's collectiou.

250. Anomala cupripes. (Plate II, hg, 17.)

Euchlora cupripes, Hope,* Proc. Zool. Soc. vii, 18.39, p. 68.

Bright green, with tlie clypeus, sides of the prouotum, lower
surface, legs and apex of the pygidium tiery-red.

Oval, convex, smooth aud shining. The head is densely punc-
tured, the clypt-us subrugosely, with its front margin almost
straight in the middle and rounded at the sides. The pronotum
and elytra are very finely punctured, the former closely and the
latter less closely. The pygidium is finely and closely trans-
versely rugulose and bears a few inconspicuous but moderately
long hairs. The front tibia is bidentate, the hind tibia short and
stout, and the longer claw cleft on the front and middle feet.

6 . The inner front claw is a little dilated, the terminal tooth
of the front tibia is sharper and shorter than in the female, and
the hind tibia rather longer and not dilated at the extremity.

Length, 22-29 mm.; breadth, 13-16 mm.

BuiiMA : Theinzeik (P. Loizeau), A tavAn Valley (Z/orrf Doriner,
Dec), Tenasserim ; 8iam : Henong (W. Loherty) ; Annam (/. J.
Vassal) ; Malay Peniksula ; Bobnbo ; Java.

Tgpe in the Oxford Museum.

This insect has the closest similarity to A. dusaumieri, Bl. The
colour of the upper surface is a rather deeper shade of green, it
is a little more closely punctured and therefore less shining, and
the pygidium is more finely and densely rugulose and more
metallic. The sedeagus of the male is quite different in sha[)e^
the median lobe having very long terminal processes.

251. Anomala grandis. (Plate II, fig. 7.)

Euchlora (jrandis, Hope,* Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) iv, 1840, p. 284.

Bright green above, and very smooth and shining, with the
extreme outer margins, the lower surface and legs golden green
or coppery.

It is a large species, oval and convex in shape. The entire
upper surface is moderately finely and closely punctured, the
clypeus rather rugosely. The latter is short and transverse, with
the front edge nearly straight in the middle. The pronotum has
the sides gently and uniformly rounded, the front angles nearly
right angles and tlie hind angles very blunt. The punctures of

ANOMALA. 235-

the !<cutellum are very tine, and those of tlie elytra rather un-
equally distributed; tliere is a very narrow outer marginal flange,
which ends abruptly before reaching the apex, and the membranous
margin is narrow. Tlie pygidium is finely granulated. The sides
of the metasternum are very densely punctured and clothed with
short and rather inconspicuous yellowish silky hair. The front
tibia bears two teeth, and the longer claw of the front and middle
feet is cleft.

c5' . The pygidium is densely granulated and rather opaque.
The two teeth of the front tibia are short and sharp, and tlie
inner front claw is a little dilated.

5 . The ])ygidium is shining and a little less densely granulated
than that of the male, and the terminal tooth of the front tibia
is long and curved.

Length, 27-30 mm. ; breadth, 15*5-18 mm.

Madkas : Ganjam District, Berhampur [E. T. Atkinson) ;
Bengal: iSahibganj ; Assam: ISibsagar {S. E. Peal), (loalpara,
kSylhet ; Burma : Moulmein.

Type in the Oxford Museum.

252. Anomala rhodomela, sp. uov. (Plate II, tig. 12.)

Olivaceous green, with a I'osy red suffusion above, the pygidium
coppery, the lower surface and the femora metallic green or
co])pery, the tibiae and tarsi dark blue.

Tlie body is \ery convex and globular, smooth and shining
above. The clypeus is rather broad, finely rugosely punctured,
with the front margin straight iu the middle, the forehead being
finely and a little less closely punctured. The pronotum is finely
and closely punctured, very shining in the middle, more strongly
and densely punctured at the sides ; the lateral margins are
gently curved, the front angles right angles and the hind angles
blunt. The scntellum bears a few minute punctures, and the
elytra are very shining, witli scattered minute punctures and
traces of paired lines, which become well marked towards the
posterior margins, the membranous margin being narrow and
inconspicuous. The pygidium is finely granular and opaque, and
the sides of the metasternum are closely punctured and clothed
with extremely short pubescence. The front tibia is bidentate,
and the longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

S . The ])ygidium is deeply and densely granular and entirely
opaque.

$ . The pygidium is less deeply sculptured and a little more
shining.

Length, 23-28 mm. ; breadth, 13"5-17 mm.

AxDAJklAN Is. {Roepstorff, Capt. Wimberleii, E. T. Atlinson), Port
Blair {E. H. Man, D. GiglioU, S. Kemp, Feb., March).

Tgpe in the British Museum ; co-types in the Indian Museum,
Calcutta, and the Genoa Museum.

236 HrTELIN.T5.

253. Anomala chlorochelys. (Plate II. figs. 13 & 14.)

Aitomahi chloroclwh/s, Arrow, Ann. Map:. Nat. Hist. (8) x, 1912,
p. 340.

Bright green, witli the lower surface, legs and extreme edges
of the head, jironotuni and elytra golden-red.

It is a large, verj- shining, oval and convex species. The clypeus
is rounded and closely punctured, the forehead more finely and
less closely. The pronotum is very finely and closely punctured,
a little more strongly at the sides. The elytra are very shining,
finely and lightly punctured, with the outer margins conspicuously
dilated towards the extremity and truncate behind, forming an
obtuse external angle ; the membranous margins are narrow and
almost concealed by the lateral dilatation. The pygidium is sub-
metallic and transversely rugulose.

S. The two teeth of the front tibia are shai'p and close
together.

$ . The two teeth of the front tibia are less sharp and close
together, and the pygidium bears a few long scattered hairs.

Lenrith, 26-29 mm.; breadth, 15-1 6*5 mm.

BuiiMA : Bhamo {T. SelHrJc, L. Fea, June), Teinzo {L. Fea,
May), Tenasserim, Papun {Col. Adamson).

Type in the British Museum.

The species resembles A. truncata, Bates, but is larger and
much more smooth and shining.

251. Anomala rufiventris.

Anouidhi rtijivcmtris, Kedt.,* Hiigel's Kaschmir, iv, 2, 1848, i).52t).
Anomala striolata, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Eiit. Mus. Paris, 18oi

(1850), p. 195.
Anomala Ucvissima, Burm.,* Haiidb. Entom. iv, 2, 1855, p. 506.

Very dark bronzy green, with the sternum and legs greenish
black and the abdomen beneath deep mahogany-red.

The body is elongate-oval in shape, not very convex and ex-
tremely smooth and shining. Tlie sides of the u)esosternum are
thinly clothed A\ith decumbent yellowish hair, and the pygidium
bears a few very long and erect hairs. The clypeus is short and
very minutely punctured, with the margin nearly straight in front
and the posterior suture deep and nearly straight. The forehead
bears similar but more scattered punctures, and the pronotum is
thinly and very minutely, but rather equally, punctured ; it is
short, with the sides angulated near the middle, the front angles
acute, the hind angles well-marked and slightly obtuse, and the
base gently trisinuate, with a marginal line interrupted in the
middle. The scutellum is scarcely punctured, and the elytra bear
inconspicuous lines of extremely minute punctures ; the humeral
and apical callosities are prominent, the apical margins nearly
vertical, and the marginal membranes very broad and conspicuous,
especially at the posterior part of the sides. The pygidium is
very smooth and shining in the middle, finely and rather rugosely

ANOMALA, 237

puiR'tured at tiie sides. The luesostermim is uot produced. Tlie
front tibia is bideiitate, the upper tooth rather slight. The front
tarsi and all the claws and claw-joints are long, the longer claw of
the front and middle feet deeply cleft.

(^ . The antennae are rather long, the terminal tooth of the
front tibia is rather sharp, and the inner front claw a little dilated
and very acute.

Length, 14-23 mm.; breadth, S-12 mm.

United Pkovixces : AV\ Almora, Eanikhet {H. G. Champion);
Assam: Knrseong {Verschnieghea). Manipur {W. Dohertij)^
Khasi Hills, Xongpriang [B. Warreib), Jaintia Hills ; Sikkim :
Darjiling, Mungphn {E. T. Atl-insoa), Peshoke Spur (A'. aS'. Lister) ;
Bhutan : Maria Basti (L. Durel).

Tyi^e in the Vienna Museum ; that of A. striolata in the Paris-
Museum and that of A. hevissiraa in the Halle Museum.

Section V.

A'e// to the Species.

1 (4) Elj'tra very sliining-, witli micrcj-

scopic puncturation.

2 (3) Prouutum scarcely punctured .... iiterula, sp. n., p. 237.

3 (2) Pronotum closely punctured trochani erica, sp. n., p. 238-.

4 (]) Elytra coarsely punctured rulidipes, sp. n., p. 239.

255. Anomala merula, sp. nov.

Entirely black above and beneath, and \ery smooth and
shining.

It is elongate in shape, broad at the shoulders and attenuated
at each end. The head is finelv and
closely punctured, with the ciypeu*
broadly transverse, straigiit in front and
rounded at the sides. The pronotum is
narrow, little wider than it is long,
broadest at the base, which is rather
evenly rounded and uot margined, and
tapering to the front, which is verv
narrow ; the sides are strongly curved,
snbangulate in the middle, with all the
angles sharp and nearly right angles ;
the surface is very minutely and incon-
spicuously punctured, except at the sides.
Fig. b2.— Anomala mn-ula. where the punctures are moderately
strong. The scutellum is also miiuitely
and inconspicuously punctured and rather short. The elvtra
are very smooth, with almost obsolete lines of minute punctures.
The pygidinm is tinely transversely rugose. The mesosternum
is not produced. The sides of the metasternum are densely
punctured and clothed with very line greyish pubescence. The-

238 RUTELINvE.

legs are not long, the hind ones very stout ; the front tibia bears
a long curved terminal tooth and a very feeble upper one, the
hind feinur is short and broad, the land tihia and tarsus short and
thick, and the longer claw is cleft on the front and middle IVet.

iS . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is ratiier shorter and
sharper, and the lower lobe of the inner front claw is broad and
angulated beneath.

Length, 20-25 nun,; breadth, I0'o-14 mm.

Assam : Naga Hills ( IF. Dohertij).

Type in the British Museum.

This resembles no species known to me except A. holosericea,
Bates, a native of the Malay Peninsula, wrongly attributed, in my
opinion, to the Punjab by the describer, like others in the same
paper. A. merula is very easily recognizable by its smooth black
surface, narrow tapering prothorax and massive hind legs.

256. Anomala troclianterica, sp. nov.

Black, smooth and shining, with a very faint purplish lustre
upon the elytra.

It is elongate in shape, with the prothorax narrow and strongly
attenuated in front, and the hind legs very strong and massive.
The head is evenly and rather closely punctured and the clypeal
margin regularly rounded. The prothorax is narrow, widest at
the base, where it is narrower than the elytra at the shoulders ;
the sides are angulated before the middle and almost straight
from that point to the front and hind angles, all of which are
blunt, but appear acute as seen from above ; the base is not
completely margined. The pronotum is finely and closely punc-
tured, the puncturation becoming stronger at the sides. The
scutellum bears a few fine punctures, and the elytra bear faint
longitudinal lines of very minute punctures. The pygidium is
finely and closely transversely strigose. The sides of the meta-
sternum are clothed with a rather fine and. close short yellowish
pubescence. There is uo sternal process. The front tibia has a
long straight terminal tooth and a very feeble upper one ; tlie
hind femur is very thick and strongly arched, the trochanter pro-
duced as a narrow process at its extremity, the tibia very short
and thick and the tarsus broad and rather short ; the longer claws
of the front and middle feet are cleft.

cJ . Tlie inner front claw is rather abruptly dilated near its
base.

$ unknown.

Length, 18 mm. ; breadth, 10 mm.
. .SiKKiM : Gopaldliara, Rungbong Valley, 6300 ft. ( IF. K.
Webb).

7\>/pe in the British Museum.

ANOMALA. 239

257. Auomala validipes, sp. nov. (Plate 111, tigs. 14 ^ic 1.').)

Deep pitcby-red, with tlie head, pronotum, scuttillum, and hiud
tibiae aud tarsi almost black, the upper surface suffused witli a
scarcely perceptible metallic lustre.

Broadly spindle-shaped, convex, smootli and shining, with very
stout hind legs. The head is finely and not very closely punc-
tured, nearly smooth in the middle of the forehead, the clypeus
short, broad and rectangular, with the front edge nearly straight.
The pronotum is narrow, finely punctured, a little more coarsely
at the sides, with a narrow smooth median line ; the sides are
strongly convergent, the lateral margins incurved, the front angles
not very sharp, the hind angles very obtuse, and the base com-
pletely margined and broadly rounded. The sciitellum is blunt
and well punctured, and the elytra dilate to a little behind the
shoulders and narro\A- from there to the end ; they are deeply aud
rather coarsely striate punctate, with the subsutural interval rather
broad and irregularly punctured. The pygidium is transversely
strigose. The sides of the body are clothed heuenth with rather
fine and close greyish pubescence. The front tibiae are bideutate,
\Aith the upper tooth rather feeble ; the hind legs are very strong
and massive, with short and stout tibiae and tarsi, and the longer
claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

(S . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is short and sharp,
aud the inner front claw very short and broad but sharply
pointed.

§ unknown.

Length, 20 mu). ; breadth, 11 mm.

Assam : Goal para.

Type in the British Museum.

This species is very close to A. holosericea, Bates, said to come
from tlie Punjab, but found by Doherty in the Malay Peninsula.
Tlie elytra are much more strongly punctured thau in that form
and the head more lightly.

Section VI.
Kei/ to the Species.

1 (48) Mesosternal process elongate and

pointed.

2 (3) Front tibia without lateral teeth ;

meso-nietasternal suturo distinct . rosetti, Nonfr., p. 241.

3 (2) Front tibia bidentate ; meso-meta-

sternal suture obliterated.

4 (19) Body long and narrow.

5 (10) Upper surface green.

6 (9) Entirely shining and metallic.

7 <8) Lateral margins of the elytra nar-

row ; fiery-red stripe interrupted. . auronttens. Hope. p. 242.

8 (7) Lateral margins of the elytra broad ;

fiery-red stripe continuous ptenjgojjJiorus, Oh., p. 243.

240

ruteliiv.t:.

!) (6

10 (o

11 (14

12 (13

13 (12

14 (11

15 (16

16 (15

17 (18

18 (17

19 (4
20(27
21 (22

22(21

23 (24

24 (23

25 (26

26 (25

27 (20

28 (29

29 (28
30(31

31 (30

32 (33

33 (32

34 (35

35 (34

36 (37

37 (36

38 (45

39 (44

40 (43

41 (42

42 (41

43 (40

44 (39

45 (38

46 (47

47 (46

48 (1

49 (50

Elytra not sliiniiig nor luetallic. . . . stoliezkce, Sharp, \\. 243.

Elytra orange-yellow.

Lateral niargin.sof the elj'tra flattened
behind the shoulders.

Front margin of the clypeius strongly

retiexed vantlionota, sp. n., p. 244.

Front margin of the clypeus feebly

reflexed ami)hihss(i, sp. n., p. 245.

Lateral margins of the elytra not
distinctly flattened behind the
shoulders. [p. 246.

Pygidium not tumid chri/sochrovia, s]). n.,

Pygidium tumid.

Pygidium entirely hairy, dark- [p. 246.

coloured ximthochromd. sji. n.,

Pygidium not entirely hairy, light-
coloured tumidicauda, Arr., p. 247.

Body oval, not long and narrow.

Elytra not sulcate.

Not verj^ short or convex ; pronotum
not visibly punctured ^^z-iwce^;,*, Kr., p. 248.

Very short and convex ; pronotum
punctured.

Body without close setae above .... chloromela, Arr,, p. 249.

Pygidium and extremities of the
elytra closely setose.

Green ; pronotum lighth^ punctured, f/emmula, Ari'., p. 249.

Coppery ; pronotum strongly punc-
tured , . ugnella, Arr., p. 250.

Elytra sulcate.

Sternal process acute but very short, oculicollis, Arr., p. 251.

Sternal process long and slender.

Elytra vmicolorous regina, Newm., p, 252.

Elytra bicolorous.

Pygidium \ery smooth and shining , madw-ce, Arr., p. 252.

Pygidium punctured.

Sides of the pronotum rugo.'^e rugilateru, Arr., p, 253.

Sides of the pronotum not rugo:-e.

Sternal process not strongly curved . degenerata, Arr,, p. 254.

Sternal process strongly curved.

Head and thorax strongly n^etallic.

Legs and lower surface pale.

Pale border of the pronotum single,

Llind femora unarmed strigata, Cast., p, 255.

Hind femora strongly toothed (S)

or angulated ( 5 ) beneath armata, Arr., p. 255.

Pale l)order of the pronotum dupli-
cated rittilatera, sp. n., p. 256.

Legs and lower surface diirk varia, Newm., p. 257.

Head and thorax feebly metallic.

Elytra deeply sulcate racheke, sp. n.. p. 258.

Elytra lightly puuctate-striate ... nigroscriptd, sp. n., p. 259.

Mesosternal process very short and
blunt.

Mesosternal process large, rounded

and produced downwards ebena, Burm., p. 259.

ANOMALA. 241

50 (49) Mesosternal process not large, roun-

ded, nor produced downwards.

51 (54) Rather large ; prouotum and elytra

uniformly coloured.

52 (53) Strongly punctured above ; very

convex isolata, sp. n., p. 260.

53 (52) Minutely punctured above ; not very

convex pi/roscelis, Hope, p. 261.

54 (51) Small ; pronotum and elytra dis-

similarly coloured.

55 (66) Pronotum clothed with long erect

hairs /estiva, sp. n., p. 261,

56 (55) Pronotum not hairy,

57 (64) Pygidium not densely clothed with

hair.
68 (59) Pronotum scarcely punctured .... eri/throptera, Kr., p. 262.

59 (58) Pronotum strongly punctured at the

sides.

60 (61) Lower surface pale ; pygidium

shining , pusilla, Arr., p, 263.

61(60) Lower surface dark ; pygidium dull.

62 (63) Mesosternal process not at all pro-

duced parva, sp. n., p, 264.

63 (62) Mesosternal process slightly produced, dohertyi, sp. n., p. 264.

64 (57) Pygidium densely clothed with grey

hair.

65 (68) Femora and tibiae yellowish.

66 (67) Larger; pronotum of the same sex

less strongly sculptured mooi'ei, Kr., p. 265.

67 (66) Smaller ; pronotum of the same sex

more strongly sculptured flavipes, sp. n,, p, 266,

68 (65) Tibiae dark-coloured lateralis, Hope, p. 267.

258. Anomala rosetti.

Mimela rosetti, Nonfr., Wien. Ent. Zeit. ix, 1890, p. 76.
Spileuchlora rosetti, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent, Zeits. 1903, p. 209.
? Mimela pyropus, Nonfr. 1. c. p, 77.

? Roplolontha paviei, Fairm,, Mission Pavie, ii, 1904, p. 87,
pi. ix bis, fig, 3.

Deep shining metallic green or golden-green, sometimes slightly
opalescent upon the elytra.

It is large, elongate-oval, very smooth above and beneath, with
scanty yellowish hairs at the sides of the body beneath and a few
minute setae upon the pygidium. The clypeus and forehead are
densely and rugosely punctured, the vertex more finely. The
pronotum is very finely and inconspicuously punctured, except at
the sides, where the punctures are moderately strong and close ;
the lateral margins are strongly curved, much narrowed to the
front, the front angles right angles, the hind angles obtuse and the
base gently trisinuate, Thescutellum is rather small, acute at the
apex and scarcelypunctured. The elytra are finely and irregularly
punctured, without longitudinal rows. The pygidium is rather
coarsely rugose, with a few minute setae. The metasternum is

E

242 RUTELIN-E.

smooth, slightly depressed in the middle and closely punctured
at the sides ; the abdomen is smooth in the middle and rugosely
punctured.at the sides. The mesosternal process is strong, straight
and sharply pointed. The front tibia is straight, sharply pointed
at the end and without trace of a lateral tooth, the hind tibia
is moderately long and stout, and the longer claw is cleft upon
the front and middle feet.

I have not seen a male.

Length, 27-33 mm. ; breadth, 15-18 mm.

Burma : Mulmein {E. T. AtJcinson) ; Siam : Laos.

Types of Nonfried in Dr. F. Ohaus' collection ; that of H. paviei
in the Paris Museum.

This appears to be a very variable insect both in size and colour.
The few female specimens, which are all I have yet seen, differ
greatly in size, but none of them reaches the size given by Non-
fried (40 to 42 mm.). They are green or golden green, one of
them having a tinge of red in certain lights. But it is probable
that the rosy and purplish specimens called '■^Mimela" pyropus
by Nonfried also belong to the same species, and judging by the
figure quoted above, this is probably also the form associated by
Fairmaire with Australian and American genera under the name
of Hoplolontha paviei. Both descriptions, however, are entirely
unreliable.

259. Anomala auronitens.

Mimela auronitens, Hope,* Trans. Ent. Soc. Loud, i, 1835, p, 114.
Anomala (Spilota) auronitens, Burm., Handb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855,

p. 504.
Callistethus consularis, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris, 1851

(1850), p. 198.

Very smooth and shining, deep metallic green above and nearly
black beneath, with the head golden-green, and an undefined
patch on each side of the pronotum, one at the shoulder of the
elytron, and usually another behind the latter, golden red.

The body is long and narrow, with the sides of the elytra almost
parallel. The head, pronotum and scutellum are almost devoid of
punctures, the clypeus transversely rectangular, with the angles
rounded, and the clypeal suture deep and straight. The prothorax
is short, gently rounded at the sides, with the lateral pit almost
obliterated and the lateral groove very short and shallow beyond
the front and hind angles. The elytra are very feebly punctured,
some of the punctures forming longitudinal lines. The pygidium
has a few scattered punctures on each side of the middle line,
bearing long grey hairs. The metasternum is smooth in the
middle, densely and finely punctured and clothed with short silky
hairs at the sides ; the abdomen is almost smooth, but bears tufts of
hair at the sides and apex. The mesosternal process is slender and
strongly curved. The front tibia bears a minute lateral tooth.

S . The club of the antenna is moderately long, the apical
tooth of the front tibia very sharp, and the abdomen narrowly

A>^OMALA. 243

channelled beneath. The spuivs of the hind tibia are of normal
lenf^th.

Lciujth,'i'2-\S mm.; breadth, 6-5-9 mm.

SiKKiM: Kurseong ( Vrrschraef/heii), Mungphii {E. T. Atkinson) ;
Assam: Manipur (IF. DoherUj), Kbasi Hills {Dr. Griffith);
Burma : Ruby Mines ( W. Dohertij).

Tijpe in the Oxford Museum ; that of C. consalaris in the
Paris Museun).

j260. Anomala pterygophora.

CalHstethus pteryyophorus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1903, p. 317.

Very smooth and shining, brilliant golden-gi'een above and nearly
black beneath, with the head golden, an undetined golden-red
patch on each side of the prouotum, and a brilliant fiery-red
lateral band extending from the base to the apex of each elytron.

The body is long and narrow, with the sides of the elytra almost
parallel and distinctly explanate anteriorly. The head, prothorax
and scutellum are almost devoid of punctures, the clypeus trans-
versely rectangular, with the angles rounded, the clypeal suture
deep and straight, and the eyes large. The prothorax is short,
strongly rounded at the sides, with a deep lateral pit on each side,
and the lateral groove deep and continuous to about one-thii'd of
the front and hind margins. The elytra are very finely punctured
on the disc, but more strongly at the sides. The pygidium bears
two patches of close punctures on each side of the middle line,
the punctures bearing long yellow hairs. The metasternum is
smooth in the middle, densely and finely punctured and clothed
with short silky hairs at the sides ; the abdomen is almost smooth,
but bears tufts of hair at the sides and apex. The mesosternal
process is slender and strongly curved. The front tibia bears an
inconspicuous lateral tooth.

6 . The club of the antenna is as long as the foot-stalk, the
apical tooth of the front tibia very acute, and the abdomen broadly
hollowed beneath. The two spurs of the hind tibiae are very long
and slender, the upper one longer than the first two joints of the
tarsus, strongly curved and clubbed at the end.

Length, 12-16 mm.; breadth, 6*5-8*5 mm.

SiKKiM : Kurseong ( Verschraer/hen), Gopaldhara, Eungbong
Valley (//. Stevens), Gantok ; Bhutan (L. Durel).

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

This is extremely like the preceding species, but may be distin-
guished by its more vivid colouring, more dilated elytral margins,
and especially by the remarkable hind tibial spurs of the male.

261. Anomala stoliczkae. (Plate I, fig. 3.)

Anomala (Callistethus) stoUczkts, Sharp, Journ. Roy. Asiatic Soc.

Bombay, xlvii, 2, 1873, p. 173.
Callistethus seminitidus, Fairm., Aun. Soc. Ent. France, 1889 p. 25 •

Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1903, p. 221. > • '

r2

244 RrTELiN.i;.

Brilliant metallic green or golden-green above and beneath,
with the elytra non-metallic pea-green and not very shining, the
humeral and a])ical calli ol' each shining ruby-red.

The body is moderately elongate, not very convex, and clothed
vi'ith short pale hairs at the sides beneath. The head, pronotum
and scutellum are not perceptibly punctured ; the clypeus broad
and transversely rectangular, \\ith the margin strongly reflexed,^
neai'ly straight in front, the angles rounded, the suture deep and
pitted on each side. The pronotum has the front angles a little
produced, the hiud tingles obtuse, and the posterior lobe broad
and truncate. The elytra are closely punctured and show well-
marked paired longitudinal lines, the outer margius being rather
broadly flattened from the shoulders to considerably beyond the
middle. The pygidiuni is finely rugose at the base and extreme
apex, and deeply impressed on each side. The mesosteruum is
smooth in the middle, and finely and densely punctured at the sides ;.
the abdomen is iiTegularly punctured at the sides. The meso-
sternal process is strongly ciirved, slender and acute. Tlie front
tibia is acute at the apex and without a lateral tooth.

S . The front tibia and tarsus are much shorter and thicker
than those of the female, the inner front claw strongly dilated,
and the longer spur of the hiud tibia elongated, strongly curved
and knobbed at the end.

Lenr/tJi, 14 mm.; breadth, 7'5 mm.

Punjab : Murree ; Ukited Provinces : Jauusar ; Sikkim : Dar-
jiling, 7000 ft. (Indian Museum) ; Tibet ; W. China : Szechuen^
Siao-Lu.

Ti/jie in the Indian Museum ; tliat of C. seminitidus in the
Paris Museum (?).

262. Anomala xanthonota, sp. nov.

Bright yellow above, the head, pronotum, scutellum and pygi-
dium sufiused with metallic lustre ; the head golden, the pronotum
and scutellum rosy ; tlie sides of the former
and the pygidium tinged with green. The
legs and lower surface are deep metallic
green, the abdomen purplish green.

It is oval and a little depressed, with

the clypeus broad, and its margin vexy

strongly reflexed and nearly straight in

front. The head is lightly punctured, a

little more strongly upon the clypeus, and

the pronotum and scutellum still more

finely and scantily, the punctures being

Fig. b^.— Anomala irregular, except a subsutural and three

xanthonota. paired series placed rather far apart on

the elytra, the outer margins of which are

flattened and dilated behind the shoulders. The pygidium is very

shining, with sparse punctures, which are very fine in the middle

A>^OMALA. 245

but become coarse at the sides ; it bears a few long ei'ect hairs
towards the apex. The sternum is clothed with not very thick
grey hair at the sides, and smooth iu the middle. The mesosternal
process is extremely slender and sharp, but not quite so long as iu
A. tum'ulicauda. The front tibia is bideutate, and the longer claw
is clett in the front and middle feet.

S . The teeth of the front tibia are straight, oblique and sliarp,
and the longer claw is broad and minutely cleft.

$ . The apical tooth of the front tibia is long, curved and
blunt.

Length, 13-17 mm.; breadth, 7-9 ram.

Punjab: Dalhousie {H. J. Barrow, Col. Newliam, Jan., June).

Tijpe in the British Museum.

203. Anomala ainphilissa, sp. nov.

Deep metallic green, with the head, pronotum and scutellura
liery-red and the elytra orange-yellow, the whole surface, except
the elytra, suffused with metallic lustre. The lateral margins of
the pronotum are deep blue-greeu.

It is elongate-oval in shape and moderately convex. The head
and pronotum are very smooth and shiuing, with very minute
and scanty punctures, the clypeus rectangular, with its margin
strongly reflexed, and the eyes large and prominent. The sides
of the pronotum are not rounded, strongly convergent in front,
slightly divergent behind ; the front angles are acutely produced,
the hind angles right angles, and the base not margined. The
scutellum is very blunt, and the elytra are finely punctui-ed, some
of the punctures forming double rows ; the outer edge forms a
conspicuous horizontal flange from the shoulder to the middle, tlie
membranous margin is well-developed from the middle of the
flange to the sutural angle, and the apical margin is a little
sinuated. The pygidium is very smooth and shining, convex and
clothed with long but not numerous erect hairs upon its posterior
part. The sides of the body beneath are clothed with rather long
greyish hair, and the mesosternal process is acute and nearly
straight. The upper tooth of the front tibia is very feeble, the
hind tibia slender, and the longer claw cleft on the middle and
hind feet.

cf . The club of the antenna is long, the front tibia acute at
the end, the inner front claw uniformly dilated, and the abdomen
hollowed beneath.

$ unknown.

Length, 13 mm.; breadth, 7 ram.

Nepal {Maj.-Gen. Hardwicl-e).

Type iu the British Museum.

The unique type seems not to have been distinguished by Hope
from Mimela hicolor, which it resembles in coloration, though not
at all in shape.

246

RUTELIX^.

264. Anomala chrysochroma, sp. nov.

Orange-yellow above, with a golden-green suffusion, and deep
metallic green upon the pygidium, lower surface and legs. There
is a small deep blue-green stripe just within the margin of the
pronoturn on each side, touching the front but not the hind
margin, the foot-stalk of the antenna is orange-coloured and the
club nearly black.

It is elongate oval in shape, convex, and very smooth and
shining above. The head, pronoturn and scutellum are very
scantily and minutely punctured, the eyes widely separated, the
clypeus broad, with its margin straight in front and not very
strongly reflexed. The pronoturn is a little more strongly punc-
tured near the front angles, which are acute, the hind angles are
nearly right angles and the base is not margined. The elytra
are not distinctly flattened at the outer margins, the membranous
margin is distinct from a little behind the shoulder to the apex,
and the puncturation is almost obsolete. The pygidium is finely
and scantily punctured and bears a iew long hairs near its aj)ex.
The body is arched beneath. The sides of the nietasternum and
abdomen are thinly clothed with moderately long greyish hair,
and the mesosternal process is rather long and slender and
scarcely curved. The legs are slender, the front tibia armed with
a feeble external tooth, tlie longer front and middle claws cleft-
The antennfe are very long and slender.

I know only a single female specimen.

Length, 15 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.

EuRMA : Euby Mines ( W. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum.

265. Anomala xanthochroma, sp. nov.

Orange-yellow, with the head, pi^onotum and scutellum fiery
red, the clypeus golden-green, the lateral margins (with the
exception of the hind angles) of the pronoturn deep bluish-green,-
and the lower surface, pygidium and legs dark coppery-green.

Kather narrowly elongate in shape, and not Aery convex, with
long slender legs ; the head, pronoturn and scutellum very bril-
liant. The clypeus is feebly rugose and shining, with its margin
strongly reflexed and slightly excised in the middle. The fore-
head and vertex are finely and sparsely ])unctured, and there is a
fringe of long hairs at the inner edge of each eye. The pro-
noturn and scutellum are scantily and extremely finely punctured,^^
the former gently rounded at the sides, with the front angles
acute and the hind angles obtuse but well-marked. The elytra
have two slightly elevated smooth dorsal costse, bordered by lines
of punctures, and the alternating intervals, of which the sub-
sutural one is very broad, are moderately closely punctured.
The pygidium is tumid, smootli and shining, and entirely clothed
with long, erect, but not dense, pale hair, and the body is similarly
clothed beneath. The mesosternal process is straight, moderately

ANOMALA. 247

long and extremely sharp. The legs are long and slender, the
front tibia bearing only a feeble lateral tooth, the hind tibia
widest near the middle, and the longer claw of the front and
middle tarsi cleft.

d . The club of the antenna is long, the apex of the front tibia
is sharp, and the inner front claw is broad and deeply cleft.

2 unknown.

Length, 14 mm.; breadth, 7'5 mm.

Assam (Col. W. F. Badgley).

Type in the British Museum.

26G. Anomala tumidicauda.

Anomala {Callistethus) timnidicmtda, Arrow, Aun. Mag. Nat. Hist.
(8) ix, 1912, p. 83.

lieddish orange, with the legs and lower surface metallic green,
the head, prothorax and scutellum suifused with crimson or golden
red, the pygidium with a pale greenish lustre, and the lateral
margins of the pi-othorax having a narrow patch of a deep violet
colour.

The body is oblong, very smooth, shining and moderately
convex. The head, pronotum and scutellum are extremely smooth,
with scarcely perceptible punctures ; the clypeus is broad, nar-
rowed slightly to the front margin, which is nearly straight and
gently reftexed, and the clypeal suture is well-marked and nearly
straight. The pronotum is broad at the base and strongly nar-
rowed to the front, with the sides scarcely curved but feebly
angulated before the middle, the front angles very acute, the hind
angles almost right angles, the base rather prominent in the
middle and not margined. The elytra are smooth and very
minutely punctured, some of the punctures forming double rows
upon the outer part; tlie outer margins are slightly flattened
behind the shoulders for less than one-third of their length. The
pygidium is extremely smooth and glossy and conically pro-
tuberant before the extremity, and there are a very few erect
hairs in its hinder part. The mesosternal process is slender,
strongly curved and acute. The mesosternum is closely punc-
tured and shortly pubescent at the sides, and smooth in the
middle ; the abdomen is smooth, with scanty pubescence at
the sides. The front tibia is bideiitate, and the longer claw
of the front and middle feet cleft. The antennal club is long
in both sexes.

c? . The terminal tooth of the tibia is short and sharp.

2 . The terminal tooth of the tibia is long and blunt.

Length, 14-16-5 mm. ; breadth, 7-8*5 mm.

ISiKKiM : Darjiling (Fnihstorfh; Harmand, May, June), Kur-
seong, 6000 ft. {E. A. D'Abreu).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the Berlin Entomo-
logical Museum.

This is closely similar to A. (Spilota) plagiicolUs, Fairm,

248 RUTELIN^;.

(Yunnan), of which it exactl}' reproduces the form and colora-
tion. It can be most readily distinguished by the conical
pygidium. Bates has declared (' The Entomologist,' xxiv, 1891,
•Supplement, p, 78) that his Fancsjnlota impicta from Korea is a
variety of A. plagiicolUs, but, as numerous deceptively similar
species ai'e now found to exist, several of them being described
here, it is much more probable that the Korean form is also
specifically distinct.

267. Anomala princeps.

Mimela variegata, Walker* (preoccupied), Anu. Mag. Nat. Hist.

(3) iii. 1859, p. 56.
Prndlosticta princeps, Kraatz,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. xxxvi, 1892,

p. 291, pi. iv, fig. 3.

Dark bronzy-black or green-black, with the elytra sometimes
entirely black, and decorated with orange n)arkings as follows : —
the clypeus (except the margin and two small basal spots), the
lateral margins of the prouotum (produced inwai'ds at each angle)
and sometimes two small transverse basal spots, the middle of tlie
scutellum, two large spots placed transversely before the middle
of each elytron and sometimes coalescing, and a third a little
behind them near the suture, a longitudinal stripe at the middle
of the pygidium and parts of the sternum, coxae, and abdominal
segments.

The body is very smooth and shining, oval, slightly depressed,
broad in the middle, and tapering before and behind. The
clypeus is broadly rounded and finely rugose, and the forehead
is closely punctured. The prouotum is very smooth and almost
unpunctvired ; the sides are angulated in the middle, strongly
convergent in front, the hind angles well-marked but obtuse, and
the base immarginate and gently rounded in the middle. The
scutellum is sharp, straight-sided and unpunctured. The elytra
are irregularly punctate-striate, with a very broad irregularly
punctured subsutural space. The pygidium is very prominent,
flat and almost horizontal, very finely and indistinctly punctured.
The mesosternal process is large, cur\ed, bluntly pointed and
strongly compressed. The metasternum bears a few fine scattered
punctures and hairs, and the abdomen is almost smooth. The
front tibia is strongly bidentate, the hind tibia moderately long,
and the larger claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

6 . The two teeth of the front tibia are small and sharp, and
the inner front claw is dilated and cleft.

$ . The two teeth of the front tibia are very blunt and the
terminal one very broad at the end. The extreme apex of
the pygidium bears a transverse impression.

Length, 14-17 mm. ; breadth, 8-10 mm.

Ceylon: Pundaluoya, Dimbula, Kandy {E. E. Green, May).

Type in the Berlin Entomological Museum ; that of iJ/. varie-
gata in the British Museum.

ANOMALA. 249

268. Anomala chloromela.

Anomala chloromela, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,
p. 357.

Bright grass-green, with the clypeus, lateral margins of the
protliorax and the entire elytra pea-green, and the lower surface
and legs golden red, with the sides of the metasternuin and outer
edges of the tibiae more or less green.

The body is compact, oval, convex, very smooth and shining.
The clypeus is broad, nearly straight in front, and finely and
rugosely punctured, the clypeal suture straight and impressed,
and the forehead densely punctured. The pronotum is rather
closely and strongly punctured, especially at tlie sides, it is
strongly rounded laterally, with the front angles rather sharp
and the hind angles right angles, tlie base being hroadly rounded
in the middle and not margined. The scutellum is finely and
sparingly punctured. The elytra are rather scantily and shal-
lowly punctured, the punctures becoming rather coarse at the
sides and apices, and most of them forming imperfect longi-
tudinal lines ; the marginal membrane is narrow. The pygidium
is finely and rather irregularly punctured. The metasternum is
densely punctured and hairy at the sides, smooth and shining in
the middle, and there is a short but sharp mesosternal process.
The front tibia is strongly bidentate, and the longer claw of the
front and middle tarsi is cleft.

S . The inner front claw is broad, acute and strongly angulated
at the middle of its lower edge.

Length, 17-18 mm. ; breadth, 10-10-5 mm.

Ceylon : Ambalangoda {E. E. Greea, March).

Type in the British Museum.

This is an interesting connecting link between those forms
which have a mesosternal process and the Eucldora group in
which there is none, but to which A. cJiloromela lias in all other
respects the closest resemblance.

259. Anomala gemmula.

Anoniala (femmula, Arrow, Auii. Mag. Nat. Ilist. (8) viii, 1911,
p. 480.

Bright grass-green above, with the elytra a little lighter in
colour, the head and scutellum more or less coppery, the pro-
notum sometimes slightly opalescent, the legs, pygidium and
lower surface coppery.

It is a small ovate, shining species, rather densely clothed with
white hair on the lower surface and pygidium, and with the inner
edges of the eyes, the lateral margins of the pronotum and the
extremities of the elytra fringed with similar hairs. The clypeus
is rather small, rounded and strongly reflexed at the margins,
and rugosely punctured, and the forehead is coarsely punctured.
The pronotum is rather strongly and evenly punctured, the sides

augulated iu the middle, scarcely curved, the hind angles obtuse,
the base gently lobed and not margined. The scutellum is rather
broad and scarcely punctured. The elytra have several double
rows of punctures, with broad and irregularly punctured spaces
between. The pygidium is strongly punctured. The meso-
sternum is produced into a narrow, rather compressed, but not
acute process, which is not at all curved, but abruptly bent
downwards in front of the middle coxae, and sometimes nearly
A^ertical.

d . The inner front claw forms a broad, rather sharply pointed
lamina, very minutely cleft on its outer edge. The club of the
antenna is as long as the foot-stalk.

Length, 11-5-13 mm.; breadth, 6-5-7-5 mm.

Madras: Trichinopoli (P. liebiere), Kodaikanal {J. Castets),
Shembaganur (P. du Breuil).

Type in the British Museum.

Among fifteen specimens in the British Museum, the Paris
Museum, and the collection of Baron de Moifarts, I have seen
no females.

The deflexion of the sternal process is a peculiar character
which I have never found elsewhere. The process is generally
nearly vertical but the angle of flexion varies and is occasionallv
very obtuse.

270. Anomala aguella.

Anomala agnella, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,
p. 481.

Pale yellow, with a very slight metallic lustre, Ihe head, pro-
thorax and scutellum coppery green or bronze.

It is a stout>bodied, ovate insect, with its greatest breadtli near
the posterior end, and rather thickly clad with greyish hair on
the lower surface, the i)ygidium and extremities of the elytra ;
the inner edges of the eyes and the lateral margins of the
pronotum are also bordered with white hairs. The clypeus is
small and rugose, the forehead coarsely punctured, the pronotum
strongly and rather closely punctured. The sides ot the latter
are feebly augulated before the middle, the hind angles very
obtuse, and the base gently lobed before the scutellum and not
margined. The scutellum is sparingly punctured. The elytra
bear double rows of well-marked punctures, and the alternate
intervals are broad and bear similar but irregular punctures.
The pygidium is closely and rather finely punctured. The
mesosternal process is short, straight and very sharp. The meta-
sternum is densely punctured at the sides, and the abdomen
moderately punctured all over. The antennal club is rather long
in both sexes, and the front tibia is strongly bidentate.

6 . The inner anterior claw forms a broad sharply pointed
lamina and is minutely cleft at tlie outer edge.

Length, 10-13 mm.; breadth, 6-7"5 mm.

ANOMALA. 251

Madras : Shembagamir (F. du Breuil) ; Trichiuopoli {J.
Castets).

Tyiie in the British Museum.

A. agnella is closely related to A. gemmula, which it resembles
in the clothing of whitish hair, bat it is stouter and quite differ-
ently coloured, and the sternal process is horizontal.

271. Anomala oculicollis.

Anomala oculicollis, Arrow, Ann. Mag, Nat. Hist, (8) viii, 1911,
p. 479.

Deep metallic greenish purple, witli the sides of the pronotum
(with the exception of an elongate central spot) and generally a
narrow incomplete median line, the elytx'a (with the exception of
the sutural, external and posterior edges, a common median trans-
verse fascia produced a little forwards at the middle of each
elytron and variable markings near the anterior and posterior
margins, « hich are black or dark brown), and a median longitu-
dinal line upon the pygidium, pale testaceous. The hind femora,
abdomen, and sometimes the tibise, are variegated with yellow.
It is a small compact species, with the prothorax proportion-
ally rather long. The clypeus is rather narrow,
with the forehead densely punctate-rugose.
The pronotum is shining, and very Unely and
sparsely punctured. The sides are gently an-
gulated before the middle, nearly parallel
behind, the hind angles are right ancrles and
the base is scax'cely lobed. The scutellum is
minutely punctured, rather short and blunt.
The elytx'a are deeply punctate-striate \\ith
the subsutural interval broad and generally com-
Y\cr 54 —Anomah V^^^^^Yi ^^^ sometimes incompletely, divided
" oculicollis. by a line of deep punctures. The pygidium is

very smooth and shining, with fine and rather
scanty punctures. The mesosternal process is short and conical,
sometimes very acute, sometimes scarcely produced. The sides of
the pygidium and the body beneath are thinly clotlied with rather
long yellowish hair. The front tibia is strongly bidentate, the hind
tibia stout.

d . The lower lobe of the inner anterior claw is very broad and
sharplv angulated at the middle of the lower edge, and the upper
lobe is very small. The club of the antenna is half as long again
as in the female.

Length, 10 13 mm. ; breadth, 6-7*5 mm.

Madras : Shembaganur (P.'du Breuil), Tricl)inopoli(t/. Castets),
Kodaikanal (/. Castets).

Type in the British Museum.

This variable species has sometimes a deceptive resemblance to
A. madurce which follows, but nuiy always be distinguished by its

252 ttUTKLlX.l.

dark bead, relatively longer prothorax, and especially by tlie form of
tbe mesosternal process. This varies greatly, but is always short
and straigbt, and not slender and curved.

272. Anomala regina. (Plate III, figs. 37 & 38.)

Fopillia reyina, Newm.* Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) ii, 1838, p. 336;

id., Traus. Eut. Soc. Lond. iii, 1841, p. 35 ; Burm., Handb.

Entom. iv, 1, 1844, p. 294.
Fopillin splendida, Gueriu ; Delessert, Soiiv. de I'lnde, 1843, 2,

p. 42, pi. xii, tig. 1 ; id., Rev. Zool. 1840,. p. 39.
Hadrupojnllia splevdida, Kraatz, Deutsche Eut. Zeits. 1892, p. 290.
Popillia biciiibris, Kraatz,* Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1897, p. 328.

Brilliant golden-green, with the head, tibiae and tarsi deep
green, the lower surface and pygidium more or less liery, and the
sides of the pronotum inconspicuously yellowish, enclosing a
large dark spot. The yellow lateral patches are variable and may
be absent.

The body is oval, moderately elongate, rather broad in the
middle and not very convex. The clypeus is semicircular,
moderately broad and densely granulated ; the forehead is
closely punctured and the vertex smooth. The pronotum
is finely and irregularly punctured at the sides, almost smooth
in the middle, strongly narrow ed in front ; the sides are strongly
arcuate, the hind angles right angles, and the base bears a broad
rounded lobe. The scutellum is rather short, blunt at the apex
and scarcely visibly punctured. The elytra are deeply striated,
with the intervals uari'ow and very convex, the striae finely but
rather shallowly punctured, and the lateral margins rather pro-
minent. The pygidium is finely and sparsely punctured at the
sides, very finely rugose in the middle. The mesosternal process
is very strongly curved and a little compressed. The sides of the
metasternum are closely punctured and clothed with short tawny
hair. The longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

S . The front tibia has two sharp teeth, and the iinier anterior
claw has its lower division broadly lobed.

$ . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is long and spatulate,
and the upper tooth slight.

LengtJt, 16-18 mm. ; breadth 9-1 0*5 mm.

Madras: Utakamand (C. A. Barber, April), Naduvatam,
Nilgiri Hills {E. L. Andrewes).

Type in the Oxford Museum ; that of P. liKjuhris in the Genoa
Museum.

Specimens occur which are wholly of a deep non-metallic blue,
the phase named Ivrjuhris by Kraatz.

273. Anomala madurae. (Plate IV, fig. 11.)

Anomaln (Spilota) madurce, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii,
1911, p. 478.

Pale testaceous, suffused with a slight metallic lustre, with

ANOMALA.

253

green markings di>*posed as follows: — a patch on the vertex, a
broad median patch on the pronotum extending from front to
hind margin, the scutellum, a vague zigzag stripe at the posterior
end of the elytra, and a large patch on each side of the pygidium.
The dorsal segments of the abdomen are striped with black and
the tarsi are dark.

It is a small, shortly ovate species, very shining above and
beneath, with short pale yellow hair at the sides of the sternum.
The head is densely punctate-rugose. The prothorax is extremely
finely and sparsel_y punctured, witli a few larger punctures at the
sides ; the lateral margins are angulated before the middle, and
the base is subtruncate before the scutellum, which is very finely
and irregularly punctured. The elytra are deeply striated, the
striae strongly punctured, the intervals convex, the fifth haying
only a few irregular punctures along the middle. The pygidium
is very smooth, with minute and scanty punctures. The meso-
sternal process is slender, strongly curved and not compressed.

Length, 10-5-ll"5 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Madkas : Shembaganur, Madura district (P. du Breuil).

I have seen only three males.

This is the smallest species of this very closely connected group.
It is almost identical in colouring with A. degenerata, but the
pygidium and sides of the pronotum are much more finely punc-
tured. The basal lobe of the thorax is very short and truncate,
and may even appear to be almost emarginate when seen at a
certain angle. The fifth interval of the elytra has only an
incomplete row of punctures.

274. Anomala rugilatera. (Plate III, fig. 41.)

Anomnia {Spilota) rwjilatera, Arrow, Ann. Mag-. Nat. Hist. (8) viii,
1911, p. 477.

Pale testaceous, entirely suffused with metallic green, and with
dark green markings disposed as follows : — a bifid patch on the
vertex of the head, a longitudinal stripe on each side of the pro-
notum, extending from front to hind margin, and a large oval
spot on each side of the pygidium. There is a naiTOW zigzag
transverse band just before the extremity of the elytra, the
dorsal segments of the abdomen are black-striped and the tarsi
are dark.

It is generally a little more elongate than A. degenerata. The
clypeus and forehead are densely punctate-rugose. The pro-
notum is very finely punctured in the middle, and coarsely and
closely at the sides ; the lateral margins are angulated just before
the middle, the front and hind angles are sharp, and the basal lobe
is slight. The scutellum is very minutely and sparsely punctured.
The elytra are deeply striated, the striae closely punctured, the
intervals convex, and the fifth from the suture divided by an
almost continuous row of closely-set punctures. The pygidium

254 rutelinjE.

is rather closely and strongly punctured. The mesosterual pro-
cess is extremely slender and sharp, not compressed, nor strongly
curved. The metasternum is closely punctured at the sides and
clothed with tawny hair. The front tibia is sharply bidentate,
the hind tibia rather stout, and the longer claw of the front and
middle feet cleft.

cJ . The lower lobe of the inner front claw is dilated and
obtusely angulated.

Length, 11-13 mm. ; breadth, 6-7"5 mm.

Madkas : ISTilgiri Hills {Sir G. F. Hampson).

This differs from all the allied species in having the scutellum
pale and a broad median yellow stripe upon the prouotum com-
pletely dividing the dark colour into two longitudinal patches.
The sides of the pronotum and the pygidium are also moi'e
coarsely punctured than in the other species. The mesosternal
process is exceedingly acute and slender.

275. Anomala degenerata. (Plate IV, figs. 12 & 13.)

Anomala {Spilota) degenerata, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii,
1911, p. 476.

Pale testaceous, entirely suffused with a metallic green lustre
and decorated with dark green markings disposed as follows : —
a patch on the vertex of the head, a broad median patch on the
pronotum, extending from front to hind margin, and sometimes
an incomplete narrow pale median line, the sides or the whole
of the scutellum, a vague zigzag stripe near the extremity of the
elytra, and sometimes still vaguer anterior patches near the suture,
and a large oval spot on each side of the pygidium. The dorsal
segments of the abdomen are striped with black, and the tarsi are
dark.

The form is rather broadly ovate. The clypeus and forehead
are densely punctate-rugose. The pronotum is very shining and
finely punctured, more strongly and a little more closely at the
sides, the lateral margins are feebly angulated before the middle,
the front and hind angles are sharp, and the base is gently lobed
in the middle. The scutellum is very minutely punctured. The
elytra are deeply striated, the striae closely punctured, the intervals
convex, the fifth divided by an almost continuous row of closely-
set punctures. The pygidium is moderately punctured. The
mesosternal process is slender and acute, not compi'essed, nor
strongly curved. The sides of the metasternum are closely punc-
tured and thinly clothed with yellow hair. The front tiljia is
sharply bidentate, the hind tibia moderately long, and the longer
claw of the front and middle feet cleft.

J . The lower lobe of the front inner claw is dilated and
sharply angulated.

Length, 18 mm.; breadth, 7"5 mm.

Madras : Shembaganur, Madura district (P. du Breuil).

Type in the British Museum.

ANOMALA.

255

This and the following species have the pygidium strongly
punctured. It is smaller than the two succeeding species, but a
little larger than A. rugilatera, the pygidium and the sides of the
pronotum are rather less strongly punctured than in the latter,
and the dark patch on the thorax is not completely divided and
frequently not at all.

276. Anomala strigata.

Euehlora strigata, Castelnau,* Ann. Nat. Hist, iv, 1840, p. 351 ; id.,
Hist. Nat. Ins. ii, 1840, p. 137 ; Burm., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844,
P- 274.
Anomala {Spilota) innocens, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii,
1911, p. 475.

Pale yellow, with a metallic green or purple suffusion and
decorated with dark green markings, consisting of a broad patch
on the vertex, a large patch on each side of the pronotum (the
two partly coalescing in the middle and almost or quite reaching
the front and hind margins), an oblique elytral spot near the
scutellum on each side, a vague postmedian patch and a zigzag
transverse stripe near the extremity. There is a large brown
patch on each side of the pygidium surrounded by a green ring.

This species has the closest resemblance to A. at-mata, from
which it differs chiefly by the absence of the femoral process in
the male, the lower edge of the hind femur being only very gently
sinuated. The upper tooth of the front tibia in the same sex is
feeble and the lower lobe of the inner front claw is angulated at
the middle and not beyond it. There is a marked difference in
the shape of the sedeagus in the two species.

Length, 15 mm.; breadth, 9 mm.

Madras : Anamalai Hills {H. L. Andreives), Coromandel (type).

Both sexes were found by Mr. H. L. Andrewes and a single
male was taken by Mr. W. Davison in the same locality many
years ago.

I believe this to be Castelnau's species from a specimen sent to
me by M. Eene Oberthiir, derived from the collection of Dupont,
by whom the name strigata was first proposed, and which may
therefoi-e be the actual type specimen. The type of A. innocens is
in the British Museum.

277. Anomala armata.

Anomala {Spilota) armata, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii,
1911, p. 474.

Pale yellow, entirely suffused with a metallic green lustre and
decorated with dark green markings, consisting of a broad patch
on the vertex of the head, a large patch on each side of the pro-
notum (almost or quite extending to the front and hind margins
and sometimes coalescing in the middle), the scutellum, an oblique
basal elytral spot near it on each side, an indefinite postmedian
interrupted stripe and a zigzag anteapical one. There is a large

256

KUTBLINjB.

oval patch on eacli side of the pygidium, sometimes green and
sometimes brown with a green encircling ring.

The shape is oval, slightly elongate and rather hroad towards
the extremity. The clypeus and forehead are densely punctate-
rugose. The prothorax and scutellum are very shining and
extremely finely and sparingly punctured, with larger punctures
at the sides of the former ; the lateral margins are gently angu-
lated before the middle, the hind angles nearly right angles, and the
base is gently lobed before the scutellum. The elytra are deeply
striated, the striae closely punctured, the intervals convex, and
the fifth divided longitudinally by a continuous row of closely-set
punctures. The pygidium is very shining and finely and sparsely
punctured. The mesosternal process is long, strongly curved and
a little compressed. The sides of the metasternum are closely
punctured and thinly hairy. The front tibia is strongly bidentate,
the hind tibia moderately stout, and the longer claw of the front
and middle feet cleft.

cJ . The apical tooth of the front tibia is short, the upper one
well-marked. The lower lobe of the inner front claw is broad
and angulated beyond the middle. The hind femur beai-s a strong
blunt lobe a little before the middle of the lower edge.

5 . The apical tooth of the front tibia is long and blunt. The
hind femur bears a distinct angulation before the middle of its
lower edge.

Lenr/th, 16-17 mm. ; breadth, 8*5-9"5 mm.

Madras : Nilgiri Hills (Sir G. F. Hampson).

Type in the British Museum.

I know of no other species of Aaomala in which the hind femur
of the male is armed in this way.

278. Anomala vittilatera, sp. nov. (Plate III, figs. 39 & 40.)

Deep metallic green, except the clypeus, the sides of the pro-
notum (which are longitudinally divided by a narrow dark line
not reaching the edges), the anterior margins of the elytra and
two irregular interrupted transverse bars, the median line of the
pygidium, the lower surface of the body, the femora and front
and middle tibiae, which are pale yellow, suffused with a faint
metallic green or golden lustre. The tarsi and sometimes the
middle oF each dark lateral patch of the pygidium are coppery
red.

It is of compact oval shape and very smooth and shining. The
head is I'ugosely punctured, with the clypeus nearly straight in
front and rounded at the sides. The pronotum is scarcely visibly
punctured, except at the sides, which are angulated in the middle,
nearly straight from there to the angles, which are sharp, the
front ones acute, the hind ones nearly right angles, the base
being broadly lobed and not margined. The scutellum is scarcely
punctured, and the elytra each bear six deep dorsal sulci con-
taining minute punctures ; the intervals are convex, the fifth
longitudinally divided by an incomplete row of punctures. The

AXOMALA. 257

pygidiuiu bears fine, rather scattered punctures. Tlie meso-
sternal process is sleuder, sharp and strongly curved ; the middle
of tfie metasteruum is very smooth and the sides are closely
punctured and clothed with short pale pubescence. The hind
femora are rather short and thick, the front tibia? bideutate, the
hind Hbiaj not inflated, constricted or dilated, and the longer
claw is cleft upon the front and middle tarsi.

J. The front tibia is slender, the terminal tooth short aud
sharp, the inner front claw dilated and angulated.

2 ' The terminal tooth of the front tibia is lone, curved aud
blunt.

Length, 13-16 mm. ; breadth, 7-5~8-5 mm.

Madras: N. Coorg, Sonawarpet (L. Newcome, Julv).

'fype in the British Museum.

Only a single pair has been found.

In the male the elytra are rather pale green and only the sulci
dark. This is probably due to slight immaturity.

279. Anomala varia.

PopiUid varia* Newm., Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) iii, 1839, p. 365 •
Burm., Handb. Eut. iv, 1, 1844, p. 045. '

Anomala liopiliopsis, Cand.,* Col. Hefte, v, 1869, p. 43.

Deep metallic green, with the elytra purple-brouze aud with
pale testaceous markings, consistiog of the lateral margins of the
prothorax, two zigzag transverse bands crossing the elytra (the
first before the middle, touching the base and the scutellum and
enclosing a dark basal spot, the second behind the middle), a
median longitudinal Hue upon Hie pygidium, and stripes at the
sides of the sternum and abdomen and upon the femora.

The body is shortly ovate, very shining a:bove and thinly
clothed with tawny hair upon the sternum. The ciypeus is
broadly rounded and rugose, the head coarsely and closely punc-
tured. The pronotum is slightly opalescent iii the middle, where
it is almost impunctate, and finely and sparingly punctured at
the front and sides; the lateral maigins are angulated in the
middle and scarcely curved, the front angles very, and the hind
angles slightly, acute, the basal lobe being truncate. The scutellum
is short, acute and feebly punctured. The elytra are deeply
sulcate, with fine and rather irregular punctures in the sulci.
The pygidium is strongly punctured, the metasternum smooth in
the middle and rugose at the sides, and the abdomen sparingly
punctured. The mesosternal process is strongly curved ancf a
little compressed.

The teeth of the front tibia are sharp in the male and very blunt
in the female.

Length, 12-14 mm, ; breadth, 7-8*5 mm.

Assam : Khasi Hills.

Type in the Oxford Museum; that of A. popUiopsis in the
Brussels Museum.

258

RUTEMN.E.

280. Anomala rachelae, sp. nov.

Bright reddish testaceous above, yellow beneath, suffused with
a i-ather faint metallic lustre, not perceptible upon the elytra, and
decorated above aud beneath with black markings, consisting of a
spot on each side of the middle of the pronot3um and a straight
oblique lateral line very near the outer margin on each side, a
faint narrow lateral border to the scutellum, a shoulder-spot and
two very irregular transverse bands upon tlie elytra (the first
near the middle and the second very near the hind margins), the
entire pvgidium (except a narrow yellow longitudinal median line),
and parts of the lower surface and legs, the ventral segments
having transverse yellow bars at the sides and the hind femora
a large black spot in the middle.

It is oval in shape, smooth and shining, and only thinly clothed
beneath with short pale hair. The head is rugosely punctured,
except upon the vertex, where tlie punc-
tures are close and strong. The clypeus is
transversely rounded and its margin not
verv strongly reflexed. The pronotum is
rather long, strongly punctured, the punc-
tures very coarse and close at the sides and
becoming gradually finer and more scat-
tered towards the middle ; the sides ap-
proach one another from base to front,
they are feebly angulated in the middle,
the front angles are slightly acute, the hind
angles obtuse, and the base is not margined.
The scutellum is rather short but acute and
bears scattered punctures. The elytra bear
six very deep dorsal striaB, which are very
finely punctured, the intervals are strongly convex, and the lateral
striae are very coarsely punctured. The pygidium is strongly
punctured. The mesosternum bears a very acute, rather com-
pressed aud strongly curved process. The legs are rather short,
the front tibia armed with two strong but not sharp teeth, the
hind tibia stout and a little contracted at the end, and the longer
claw cleft on the front aud middle feet.

S ■ Tlie body is shorter, the front tarsi are a little contracted,
and the inner front claw is strongly and angularly dilated.
Lengtli, 13-14 mm. ; breadth, 7"5 mm.

Burma: Karen Hills, 2700-3300 ft. (Z. Fea, Dec), Bhamo
{F. M. Mackwood, April).

Type ( (5 ) in the British Museum ; co-type ( $ ) in the Genoa
Museum.

This is very nearly related to the Malayan A. wallandi, Cand.,
but much more strongly punctured and striated. It is named in
commemoration of the assistance given me by my wife in the
preparation of this volume.

Fig. 5.3. — Anomala
rachelce.

ANOMALY. 259

281. Anomala nigroscripta, sp, nov.

Chestuut-red, with a very feeble metallic lustre upon the
anterior part, and decorated with black markings consisting of
a spot on each side of the vertex, an oblique mark on each side
of the middle of the pronotum (the two connected at the base by
a narrow marginal line), a small spot in the front angle and
another immediately behind it, the scutellum, a patch closely
adjoining it upon each elytron, an irregular patch at the shoulder
and two zigzag transverse bands extending from side to side, the
first at the middle and the second at the hind margin. The
pygidium is black, with the exception of a pale median line, and
the legs and lower surface have some slight dark markings.

It is oval, convex, very smooth and shining ; the metasternum
clothed with short, but fairly close, yellow hair. The head is
closely and rather rugosely punctured, with the clypeus evenly
rounded in front and almost parallel-sided. The pronotum is
thinly and extremely minutely punctured, except at the sides,
where the punctures are a little stronger; the lateral margins'
are rounded in the middle, straight in front and behind, with all
the angles nearly right angles, but slightly obtuse, the base being
rather strongly lobed in the middle and not margined. The elytra
bear six finely punctured aud not deeply impressed dorsal stria;,
and the fifth interval bears a row of punctures along its anterior
half. The pygidium is shining, but transversely striolated at the
sides and finely punctured along the middle line. The mesosternal
process is slender and strongly curved. The legs are not long, the
front tibia is bidentate, the hind tibia fairlv stout, but not dilated
at the end, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

1 have seen only a single female.

Length, 13-5 mm.; breadth, 8 mm.

Madras : Anamalai Hills {H. L. Andrewes).

The unique type has been presented by Mr. H. E. Andrewes to
the British Museum.

282. Anomala ebena.

Popillia ehena, Burm.,* TIandb. iv, 2, 1855, p. 511.

Coal-black, very smooth and shining above and beneath and
almost devoid of hair.

The body is rather elongate, depressed above, with the pro-
thorax much narrowed anteriorly, and the head small. The
clypeus is broadly rounded and coarsely granular, and the fore-
head coarsely and confluently punctured. The pronotum is
convex, finely and closely punctured at the sides, and almost
smooth in the middle ; the lateral margins are gently curved and
strongly convergent to the front, the front angles acute, the hind
angles obtuse, and the base strongly lobed and without a maro^inal
stria. The scutellum is smooth, and the elytra have each a strong
obhque impression a little behind the scutellum ; they are very

s2

260 KUTELIN.E.

smooth, each with a sutural and two dorsal costie sUghtly indicated
and minute scanty punctures in the intervals. The pygidium is
short and broad, witli a broad impression at the apex ; it is fiuely
punctured in the middle, and rather closely aud rugosely at the
sides. The metasteruum is strongly and closely punctured at
the sides, with very short, scanty and inconspicuous hairs, and
smooth and very tumid in the middle, where, together with the
mesosteruum, it forms a very broadly compressed laminar process,
semicircularly rounded in front. The front and middle legs are
moderately slender and the hind ones rather stont ; the front tibiae
are armed with two not very sharp teeth, and the longer claw of
the front and middle tarsi is cleft.

Length, 17 mm. ; breadth, 9 mm.

Madras: Malabar (type) ; Burma: Amherst, Tenasserim (CoL
G. T. Bingham).

Type in the Geneva Museum.

I do not know the female, the description being drawn'from the
{S) type in the Geneva Museum. I am very sceptical of the
supposed locality of this specimen. An alhed species occurs in
the Malay Peninsula.

283. Anomala isolata, sp. nov.

Deep golden green, \^ith the pygidium, lower surface and legs
(except the hind tibiae and the tarsi) generally paler.

It is broadly oval, compact, convex and very shining, with
moderately sleuder legs. The clypeus is short, broad, rounded at
the sides and rugosely punctured, and the forehead is strongly
but separately punctured. The pronotum is short, rather
strongly aud evenly punctured, with the sides obtusely angulated
in the middle, the front angles acute, the hind angles obtuse, aud
the base not margined in the middle. The scutellum is strongly
punctured, and the elytra bear rather irregular rows of strongly
impressed punctures, with a very broad, closely and irregularly
punctured, subsutural interval ; the humeral and apical calli are
prominent aud the three striae betweeu the latter and the suture
are very deeply impressed posteriorly. The pygidium is strongly
punctured. The mesosteruum is produced, but short, blunt and
compressed, and the sides of the metasternum are closely punc-
tured and clothed with extremely fine and inconspicuous pale
pubescence. The tibiae are sleuder, the front pair armed with
two strong teeth, the hiud ones not inflated, nor dilated at the
end. The longer claw is cleft in the front and middle feet.

(S . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is short and sharp,
and the pvgidium is more shining than in the female.

$ , The terminal tooth of the front tibia forms a rounded Iobe»
Length, 16-17 mm. ; breadth, 9-10 mm.

Andaman Is. {Capt. Wimherley , Roepslorf), Port Blair (A^ H.
Man).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the Indian and
Genoa Museums.

a:nomala. 1^61

284. Anomala pyroscelis.

Mivi/'/a pyroscelis, Hope,* Trans. Eut. Soc. Loud, iii, 1841, p. 66.
Aiwviala fulyens, Blanch. * Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris, 1851 (1850),

p. 195 (new syn.).
Anomala riifipes, Barm.,* Hautlb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855, p. 506 (new

syn.).

Deep metallic green above, usually coppery green beneatli, with
the antennae and legs red, the latter generally with a golden
lustre.

It is oval, compact, moderately convex, shining above, with a
rather scanty clothing o£ decumbent yellowish hairs at the sides
beneath and rather long erect hairs upon the pygidium. The
clypeus is linely rugose, very small, short, nearly straight in front
and rounded at the sides ; the forehead is rugosely and the vertex
finely punctured. The pronotum is minutely punctured, the sides
obtusely angulated before the midtlle, scarcely i-ounded, the front
angles acute and the liind nearly right angles but not sharp ; the
base is trisinuate aud the marginal stria interrupted in the middle.
The scutellum is finely punctured, and the elytra rather finely
punctured in double lines, which outline two feebly elevated
dorsal costce ; the alternate intervals, especially the subsutural
one, are very wide and irregularly punctured. The pygidium is
rugose. The metasternum forms a sharp edge in front between
the middle coxae, but is not produced in front of them. The legs
are moderately long, the front tibiae bidentate, the hind tibiae not
inflated nor dilated at the end, and the longer claw of the front
and middle feet is cleft.

6 . The antennal club is long, and the teeth of the front tibia
are rather sharp.

Length, 14-17 mm. ; breadth, S"5-9*o mm.

Bhutan; Assam.

Type in the Oxford Museum ; that of A. fulgeas in the Paris
Museum, and of A. rufipes in the Halle Museum.

285. Anomala festiva, sp. nov.

Bright metallic green, golden green or golden red, \^■ith the
elytra testaceous yellow, suffused with a metallic green or golden
lustre and with a dark greeu sutural line. The lower surface,
pygidium and legs are dark bronze or copper-coloured.

It is a small insect, oval in shape, not A^ery convex, with mode-
rately long legs, and clothed with long, but not very dense, erect
yellowish hair, which is absent from the clypeus, scutellum and
elytra. The head is densely punctate-rugose and opaque, with
the eyes widely separated, and the clypeus broad and rectangular,
its front margin straight and strongly reflexed. The pronotum is
very shining, very irregularly and uuequally punctured, some of
the punctures being very coarse and others very fine ; its sides
are nearly straight and parallel behind, contracted and feebly

262 ruteliNjE.

rounded in front, with the front angles acute, the hind angles
nearly right angles, and the base not margined. The scutelluni
is short and almost entirely smooth. The elytra are punctate-
striate, the lines strongly impressed near the suture, the external
ones more lightly, and most of them becoming rather feeble
posteriorly. The pygidium is rather rugosely punctured. The
mesosternura forms a very slight prominence between the middle
coxae. The front tibia is bidentate. and the hind tibia rather
slender, without constriction or dilatation.

cJ . The front tarsus is rather thickened, the claws have each
an angular dilatation at the base and the larger one is broad, but
not cleft. The longer claw of the middle tarsus is cleft.

I have not seen a female, but it is probable that in it the
longer claws of both front and middle feet are cleft.

Lenqth, 8-5-9"5 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

SiKKiM: Tungu, Teesta Valley. 13,000-14,000 ft. (Julv);
Tibet : Khamba Jong, 15,000 - 16,000 ft. (July), Yatong,
10,500 ft. {A. E. Hohson).

Type in the British Museum.

A series of eighteen specimens collected during the Tibet
Military Expedition of 1903 are all males.

This is a peculiar species without ariy known near ally in
India. It is related to the familiar A. liorticola, L., and other
European species usually known liy the generic name of Phyllo-
liertha^ but is without a basal margin to the pronotum, which
Eeitter regards as an essential feature of the PhyUopertha group.
The uncleft inner front claw is a very peculiar characteristic, but
is probably distinctive of the male alone.

286. Anomala erythroptera.

Ischitupopillia I'l-ythroptcra, Kraatz,* Deutsche Eiit. Zeits. 1892,
p. 295.

Steely -blue or blue-green, with the elytra bright brick- red.

It is a small species, short and broad in form, very smooth and
shining. The clypeus is broad and rugose, «ith the front margin
strongly reflexed and nearly straight. The forehead is strongly
and closely punctured, and the vertex smooth and shining. The
pronotum is short, very smooth and shining, with a large pit on
each side, but otherwise almost unpunctured ; the sides are
strongly convergent in front and nearly parallel behind, the front
angles acute and the hind ones nearly right angles. The scutellimi
is short and almost unpunctured. The elytra bear five dorsal
rows of deep punctures, and the second and fourth intervals are
wide and bear incomplete rows of similar punctures along the
middle. The pygidium is very shining, but moderately closely
set with deep punctures. The mesosternum forms a rectangular
lamina, vertical in front. The metasternum is very smooth in
the middle and closely punctured at the sides, and the sides of the

ANOMALA.

263

sternum and abdomen are thinly clothed with pale hairs. The
front tibia is bidentate, and the longer claw ot the front and
middle feet cleft at the end.

d . The club of the antenna is long, the teeth of the front tibia
are short, the front tarsus thick, the last joint very much enlarged
and the iinier claw broadly dilated.

9 . The outer edge of each elytron is thickened behind the
shoulder.

Length, 8-9'5 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Assam: Khasi Hills, Shillong ; Sikkim : Mungphu, below
5000 ft. (E. T. Atkinson), Sureil, oOOU ft., Kurseong, 6000 ft.
(E. A. D'Ahreu, May).

Type in the Berlin Entomological Musf-um.

287. Anomala pusilla.

Anomala ^msilla, Arrow, Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix, 1912, p. 82.
Pale yellow, with a golden or golden-green suffusion, the liead

and a longitudinal patch on each side of the pronotum (angulated

externally and not attaining the front or hind margin) dark

green .

It is ovate, much narrowed in front and behind, and not very con-
vex. The head is very deeply and rugosely
puTictured, the clypeus small and rounded,
and the frontal suture almost obliterated.
The pronotum is coarsely but sparsely punc-
tured at the sides and almost smooth in the
middle ; the sides are strongly angulated in
the middle and nearly straight from there
to the front and hind angles, which are
sharp, the base being broadly rounded in tlm
middle and not margined. The scutellum
is smooth and sharply pointed. The elytra
are coarsely and deeply striate-punctate.
The pygidium is coarsely rugose and bears
a few long hairs near the apex. The meta-
sternum is rugose and thinly pubescent, and
the abdomen is coarsely punctured. The

mesosternum forms a broad compressed slightly prominent lamina.

The front tibiae are strongly bidentate, and the larger claw of the

front and middle feet is cleft.

cJ. Smaller, its elytra less broad, the prothorax less contracted

anteriorly ; the tibise and the tai'si are dark green, the apica

tooth of the front tibia is acute, the upper tooth slight, and the

inner front claw broad.

5 . The shape is more oval, the elytra have the outer margins

dilated and thickened from the shoulder to the middle, the tibiiB

and tarsi are copper-coloured, and the apical tooth of the front

tibia is rather blunt.

Lenfjth, 7-9 mm. ; breadth, 3-5-5 mm.

Fig 56. — Anomala
pusilla, cf.

264 RUXELIN.E.

Nepal: Sooiidrijal ; Sikkim : i!ihmgi)hu (E. T. Atl-insoii),K\iv-
seong (Verschraeghen), Sliauidang ; Assam : Manipur [W. Dohoi;/),
Shillong.

Tijpe in the British Museum ; co-types in Earou de Moffarts'
collection.

Tliis is one of the small species having evident relationship to
Popillia, but differing in the absence of an emargination to the
prouotum in front of the scutelluui,

288. Anomala parva, sp. nov.

i3eep golden-green or coppery-red, with the elytra orange,
suffused with a metallic greenish or reddish lustre, and sometimes
with the pygidium also orange, witli a deep green patch on each
side.

It is rather short, broad behind, a little depressed, very shining,
and thinly clothed beneath and at the end of the pygidium with
fine yellowish hairs. The head is closely and rugosely punctured,
with the clypeus rather narrow and gently rounded in front.
The pronotum is very minutely and sparsely punctured, except
near the sides, where the punctures are large and deep ; the sides
are angulated in the middle, scarcely rounded, the front angles
acutely produced and the hind angles almost right angles ; the
base is not margined. The scutellum is smooth, and the elytra
bear six deep and closely placed dorsal grooves containing large
punctures ; the marginal membrane is rather broad behind. The
pygidium is coarsely transversely rugose, but slightly^ shining.
The mesosternum forms a compressed lamina extending well
beyond the middle coxae, but very blunt and not at all produced
forward. The legs are rather long, the front tibia armed with
two strong teeth, the hind tibia )iot at all inflated, nor dilated
at the end, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet cleft
at the tip.

(S . The front tibia is shorter and broader, and the two teeth
are shorter and sharper, than in the female.

5 . The elytra are longer and have a strong lateral thickening
behind the shoulders.

Le7igth, 6'5-8 mm. ; breadth, 3'5-4-5 mm.

Assam : Shillong, Cherrapanji (S. W. Kemp, Oct.).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the Indian Museum.

289. Anomala dohertyi, sp. nov.

Deep golden- or coppery-green, with the tibiae and tarsi
coppery-i*ed, the elytra, a median longitudinal line and the lateral
margins of the pronotum, and the femora light golden-green.

It is very shining, with the sides of the body beneath and the
end of the pygidium thinly clothed with yellowish hairs ; oval in
shape, a little depressed, with the head and prothorax narrow.
The head is coarsely and rugosely punctured, with the clypeus
broadly rounded. The pronotum is rather long and narrow, very

/iNOMALA. 265

SLuooth, with a few strong punctures at the sides and in the front
angles ; the sides are scarcely rounded, obtusely angulated near
the middle and nearly straight to the angles, which are all sharp,
the front ones acutely produced ; tlie base is not margined. The
scutellum is smooth, and the elytra bear six close and strong
dorsal grooves, containing coarse indefinite punctures, the mar-
ginal membrane being rather broad at tlie extremity. Tlie
pygidium is densely transversely rugose and opaque. The meso-
sternal process is strong, very slightly produced and very blunt,
and the sides of the metasternum are coarsely rugose. The front
tibiae are bidentate, the hind tibiae not inflated nor distinctlv dilated
at the end, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet is
cleft.

d" . The antennae are rather long, the front legs rather stout,
with the tibial teeth short and the inner claw dilated.

5 . The elytra are gradually dilated and strongly thickened
before the middle, and the terminal tooth of the front tibia is
long and curved.

Length, 8'5-10 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Assam: Manipur {W. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum.

290. Anoniala moorei.

(5 . Ischnopopillia moorei, Ki'aatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1892, p. 294 ;

Ohau.s, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Iviii, 1897, p. 379.
5 . IschnopopiUia andreioesi, Kraatz, op. cit. 1897, p. 332 (u. syn.).

Deep metallic green, with the clypeus, the sides of the prothorax
and generally a very narrow basal line, the elytx-a and legs reddish
testaceous.

The clypeus is finely, the forehead more coarsely, rugose, with
a few coarse hairs between the eyes. The prothorax is nearly
twice as broad as it is long, very shining, with two deep pits on
each side ; the lateral margins are strongly angulated a little
before the middle, and nearly straight from there to the front
and hind angles. The scutellum bears only a few minute punc-
tures, and the elytra are deeply and closely sulcate from base to
apex, the sulci being finely rugulose, and the fifth :ind seventh
intervals bearing irregular punctures on the anterior part. The
pygidium is densely clothed with decumbent grey hair, and the
lower surface is punctured and hairy at the sides and nearly
smooth in the middle.

(S . The pronotum is minutely and rather sparingly punctured,
and the pygidium is very convex.

5 . The pronotnm is strongly punctured in its anterior part,
rugosely in the middle.

Length, 11 mm. ; breadth, 7 mm.

Punjab : Chamba.

Tijpe ( d ) in M. Rene Oberthiir's collection ; that of /. an-
drexvesi ( 5 ) in the British Museum.

266 KUTELIN,^.

291. Anomala flavipes, sp. n.

Testaceous, with a greenish- golden lustre, and with the forehead
and vertex, the pronotum, except hroad lateral margins (narrowed
behind) and usually narrow front and hind margins and an incom-
plete median longitudinal line, the scutellum (sometimes pale
posteriorly), the pygidiuiii and lower surface (except the legs)
deep metallic green. The tarsi are liglit brown and the tibiae
may be of a rather deeper orange colour than the femora but are
not green or coppery beneath.

Oval in shape and ratlier tapering in front. The head is
rugosely punctured and opaque, except behind the eyes, where
it is shining. The eyes are small and far apart. The clypeus is
broadly transverse, finely rugose, with the front mai'gin nearly
straight, and strongly reflexed, and the forehead is coarsely
rugose and thinly clothed with erect yellow hairs. The pronotum
is narrower than the elytra at the shoulders, strongly or slightly
shining and extremely variable in sculptui-e, with the sides angu-
lated a little before the middle and nearly straight from there to
the front and hind angles, the front angles slightly acute, the hind
angles strongly marked but slightly obtuse, and the base not mar-
gined. There is a deep puncture on each side near the middle and
a broader and shallower one just behind it. The elytra are closely
and deeply sulcate, with the second sulcus disrupted at the base
and the fifth more or less broken up into coarse punctures. The
marginal membrane is rather broad behind. The pygidium is
clothed with close grey pubescence. The mesosternal process
is not produced, bur forms a broad lamina between the middle
coxse. The fmnt tibia is armed with two sharp teeth and the
hind tibia is moderately elongate. The lower surface is very dark
and clothed with grey hair.

<S • The pronotum is sparingly punctured and very shining.
The elytra are opaque, except near the base and the inner margin,
and the abdomen is produced, arched beneath, with the pygidium
narrow and densely clothed. The tibiae and tarsi are n)uch
thickened, the teeth of the front tibife minute, the hind tibiae a
little narrowed at the extremity, the front tarsus contracted, the
longer claw blunt and not cleft. The longer middle claw is
minutely cleft.

2 . The pronotum is generally closely and roughly punctured.
The elytra are rather shining and each has a conspicuous thickening
before the middle of the outer margin. The abdomen is rounded
and the pygidium broad and closely, but not densely, pubescent.
The legs are slender, the front tibia bearing a long curved ter-
minal tooth, the hind tibia a little dilated at the extremity and
the longer front and middle clax^s cleft.

Length, 0-10 mm. ; breadth, 5'5-G mm.

United Peovinoes : Eanikhet {H. G. Champion, June-Aug.).

Found upon Alder (Alnvs nepahnsis).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. G. C. Cham-
pion's collection.

ANOMALA.

267

This is generally easy to distinguish from A. lateralis by its
shining pronottim, but the sculpture of this part varies according
to sex and is A'ery inconstant. I have seen a male of A. lateralis
in which the puncturation is not denser than in a female of
A. fiavifes, and in one female specimen of the latter it is quite
scanty, as in the male.

A.'jiaviijes is ratjier smaller than A. moorei, its prothorax has a
pale median stripe not found in the latter and, in the correspond-
ing sex, is less smooth and shining.

292, Anomala lateralis.

Anomala lateralis, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Miscellany, 1831, p. 24.
Popillia rugicoUis, Newm.,* Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) ii, 1838, p. 337;

id., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iii, 1841 , p. 47.
Ischnapupillia riu/icollis, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. xxxvi, 1892,

p. 294.

Deep metallic green, with the clypeus, the lateral margins of
the prothorax and generally a very narrow basal margin and an
imperfect narrow median line, the elytra and the legs brownish
or testaceous, suffused with a metallic gx'een lustre.

It is rather small, not very convex, broad at the shoulders and
strongly, narrowed before and behind, with the pygidium promi-
nent and densely clothed with short decumbent white hair. The
head is tinelv granvdar, with some coarse punctures between the
eyes, bearing rather long yellow hairs; the eyes are small, the
clypeus rather broad, with its suture nearly straight. The pro-
notum is about half as wide again as it is long, much narrower
at its base than the elytra at the shoulders, and strongly tapering
forwards ; it is coarsely rugose above, except at the sides, which
are coarsely punctured, and has a large ill-defined pit on each side;
the lateral margins are strongly angulated in the middle, and
nearly straight from there to the front and hind angles, which
are sharp, the base being well rounded, not margined or excised.
The scutellum is rather short, blunt at the apex, and bears only a
few punctures. The elytra are closely and deeply sulcate fiom
base to apex, the sulci being finely rugulose and the fifth and
seventh intervals dilated ancl coarsely punctured near the base.
The pygidium is rugose and densely hairy, and the lower surface
is punctured and hairy at the sides, and smooth and shining in
the middle. The mesosternum forms a short right-angled lamina
between the middle coxa;. The legs are stout and ratlier long ;
the front tibia sharply bidentate ; the claws long, the larger one
of the front and middle feet very feebly cleft at the extreme tip.

S . The clypeus is enlarged and rectangular, the three or four
innermost costae of each elytron are smooth and shining, and the
remainder finely rugulose and opaque, the abdomen arched beneath
and the pygidium narrow. The front tibia is very broad, with its
teeth miiuite and close together, the first four joints of the
front tarsus are very short and thick, the last joint very long and
strongly bent and the inner claw dilated.

268 KUTELIN.I.

5 . The clypeus is short and rounded in front. The elytra have
a very strong and prominent thickening just before the middle
of the outer margin, and all the dorsal costae are smooth and
shining. The terminal tooth of the front tibia is rather long.

Length, 9-10 mm. ; breadth, 6 7 mm.

SiKKiM : Darjiling, Kurseong {Verschraer/hen) ; Nepal {Maj.-
Gen, Hardwiche — type).

Type in the British Museum ; that of P. rugicollis in the
Oxford Museum.

The specimen referred to by Dr. Oliaus (Stett. Eut. Zeit. Iviii,
1897, p. 350) as the type of PopUlia riujkolUs, Newni., "in
London" is apparently Dactylopopillia virescens, Hope; Newman's
type is not in London.

The sculpture of the pronotum is curiously varial'le. It is
generally quite opaque, but occasionally somewhat shining.

Although the characters of the three foregoing species in com-
bination produce a very well marked and peculiar type, there is
no single feature of the female which is not to be found in one of
the groups of Anomala, and I ha\e therefore not been able to
retain this and the allied species as generically separate. The pro-
thorax much narrower than the base of the elytra, the prominent
hairy pygidium, the form of tlie inesosternal process and of the
front tibia in the male connect them ratlier closely with PopUlia.

Genus RHINYPTIA.

lihinyptia, 13urm., Handb. Eutom. iv, 1, 1844, p. 227; Lacord.,
Gen. Col. iii, 1856, p. 324.

Type, Rhinyptia indica, Burm.

Range. India, Western Asia and Africa.

Ovate in form, very smooth, shining and without hairy clothing
above. Eyes large and prominent, and the clypeus small, narrow-
ing anteriorly, where it forms a recurved rostrum. Antenna
9-jointed, the first joint clubbed, the 2nd globular, the 3rd to the
otii elongate, the 6th very short. Labrum thin and horizontal,
bluntly angular in front. Mandible i-ather rectangular, with the
apex rounded, and bearing a very sharp spine-like internal tooth
beneath it and a strong coarsely-ridged molar part at the base.
Maxilla armed with six very sharp slender teeth parallel to one
another. Mentum broad and eujarginate at the front edge.
Base of the pronotum completely margined, scarcely lobed before
the scutellum. Prosternum and mesosternum without process.
Elytra membranous at the outer margins. Last abdominal spiracle
])laced midway between the front and hind margins of the penul-
timate dorsal segment. Fifth ventral segment twice as long as the
preceding ones. Front tibia armed with three external teeth ;
liind tibia moderately long ; all the tarsi long, with the claws very
unequal, and the longer claw of the front foot cleft at the tip.

S . The end of the abdomen protrudes more than in the female, so
that the body is arched beneath. The terminal tooth of the front
tibia is rather sharp and the longer front claw very unequally divided.

RHIIfYPTIA. 269

$ . The abdomen is convex beueatb, tlie tenniiial tooth of the
front tibia is blunt and club-shaped, and the longer front claw is
almost equally cleft.

Key to the Species.

1 (8) Clypeus with a very sharp median

lonoitudiual keel.

2 (3) Rostrum distinctly longer than broad, indica, Bmm., i^. 269.

3 (2) Rostrum shorter than broad.

4 (7) Clypeus distinctly punctured.

5 (6) Suture not dark 7iiyrifrons, Kr., p. 270.

6 (5) Suture dark snti/ralin, Kr., p. 270.

7 (4) Clypeus .shining, scarcely punctured. . meridionalis, Arr., y. 271.

8 (1) Clypeus not sharply keeled longi-

tudinally l(sviceps, sp. n., p. 272.

293. Rhinyptia indica.

Rhi7iypti(t indica, Burm.,* Handb. Ent. iv, 1 , 1844, p. 228.
Rhinyptia testacea, Nonfr. Berl. Ent. Zeits. x.\xvi, 1892, p. 230
(n. syn.).

Pale yellow, with the tarsi and clypeus dark red, and the
forehead and vertex nearly black.

The body is rather elongate, parallel-sided and moderately
convex. It is smooth, shining and only very thinly clothed ^\dth
pale hair beneath. The clypeus and fore-
head are finely and densely rugose, and
the vertex rather closely punctured. The
clypeus is small, with its sides strongly
bisinuated and converging to a nra-row
strongly recurved rostrum, longer than it is
wide, rounded at the end, and strongly and
sharply earinate along the middle. The pro-
notum is finely and closely punctured, broad
at the base and gently rounded at llie sides^
with the front angles sharp and nearly
right angles, and the hind angles blunt
and rounded. The scutellum bears some
fine punctures, and the elytra are strongly
punctate-striate, with a broad, irregularly
punctured second (subsutural) interval and a less broad fourth
interval, irregularly punctured on the posterior half; the punctures
becoming reduced to a single line upon its anterior half. The
pygidium is strongly and moderately closely punctured. The
metasternum is densely punctured at the sides, and the abdomen
rather laxly. The front tibia is tridentate, the uppermost tooth
rather feeble, the inner claw of the front foot is cleft, and the rest
are simple.

(S . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is rather long.
5 . The terminal tooth of the front tibia is blunt.
Length, 13-16 mm. ; breadth, 7-8 mm.

Fig. 57. — Rhinyptia
indica.

270 kutelinjE.

Bombay: Belgauin (//. E. Andrewes), Basseiu Fort (Oct.);
€enxr.vl Provinces: Nagpur, 1000 ft. {E. A. D''Ahreu,'Se\)t.);
Madras.

Ty2ie in the Halle Museum.

294. Rhinyptia nigrifrons.

Rhinyptia jiif/rifrons, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1895, p. 105.

Orange-yellow, with the tarsi reddish, and the vertex of the
head and the forehead at the sides black.

It is rather convex, moderately elongate and very shining, with
a scanty clothing of hair upon the clypeus and the sternum. The
head is densely rugose, with the clypeus narrow and its sides
converging rapidly to form a reflexed apical process, trun-
cated at the end and broader than it is long ; there is a sharp
median longitudinal carina extending the whole length of the
clypeus. The prouotum is moderately finely and closely punc-
tured, with its lateral margins gently and uniformly curved, the
front angles slightly acute and the hind angles obtuse. The
scutellum is finely punctured, and the elytra are deeply punctate-
striate, with the second stria broken up at the base into irregular
punctures, and the fifth consisting of unconnected punctures
which do not extend to the extremities. The pygidium is moder-
ately finely and closely punctured. The front tibia bears a long
and slender terminal tooth, a strong middle and a rather feeble
uppermost one.

Length, 11 mm. ; breadth, 6 mm.

Pu>fJAB : Suleiman Mountains.

Type in the Brussels Museum.

A badly-preserved specimen of this species in the Indian
Museum is the only one I have seen. It is labelled " Suleiman
Range. V. Ball, Esq." This throws light upon Kraatz's mysterious
record " Suliman v. Ball. Range (Mus. Bruxellense et Kraatz),"
I have not received a specimen from either of these collections
and the Calcutta specimen is possibly the type.

295. Rhinyptia suturalis.

Rhinyptia suturalis, Kraalz, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1895, p. 104.

Testaceous yellow, with the head black, except the clypeus, a
dark line upon the elytral suture (a little dilated just behind the
scutellum) and usually an oblique mark on each side of the middle
line of the pronotum on its posterior half. Sometimes a less
distinct mark also occu])ies the corresponding place upon the
anterior half and occasionally all are absent.

It is moderately elongate, rather parallel- sided, convex, and
very shining above and beneath. The clypeus is narrow, punc-
tured and sharply carinate along the middle ; its sides converge to
form a strongly recurved rostrum, rather shorter than it is broad
and rounded at the end. The forehead is rugosely punctured.
The pronotum is moderately and rather evenly punctured, with

KHINVPTIA.

the base very gently rounded, the front angles slightly acute and
the hind angles obtuse. The scutelknn bears a few" punctures,
and the elytra are rather deeply striate-punctate, the second and
fifth rows of punctures not occupying striae, the former disrupted
in its anterior half and the latter" abbreviated behind. The
pygidium is moderately and evenly punctured and shining, and
the metasternum rather coarsely punctured and thinlv hairy.
The front tibia is tridentate, the uppermost tooth feeble," and tlie
front tarsus is very long and slender.

I have not seen a female of this species.

Length, 10-11 mm.; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Persia : Saidabad ; ArenAXisTAN : Grulistan ; Puis- jab • Bannu
{Dr. PenneU).

Tijpe in the Berlin Entomological Museum.

296. Ehinyptia meridionalis.

Rhinyptin meridionalis, Arrow, Ann. Mao-. J^at Hist ^8) viii
1911, p. 356. V ^ )

Pale testaceous, with the clypeus and tarsi red, the rest of the
head, the suture and posterior margins of the elytra, and an
oblique mark on each side of the pronotuin near the base, black.
The sutural stripe is generally dilated around the scutellum, and
in well-marked individuals there is an additional black mark upon
the apical callus of each elytron. In pale specimens the thoracic
marks disappear.

The shape is elongate-oval, and the whole body is very smooth
and shining, with very scanty hairs beneath. " The clypeus is
glossy and almost unpunctured, with its sides convergent to the
point of flexure, the median carina very sharp, and the rostrum
short, with the front margin rounded. The forehead is finely
and closely punctured. The pronotum is broad, convex, moderately
finely and closely punctured, and gently rounded at the sides.
The scutellum bears a few punctures, and the elytra are regularly
and moderately strongly striate-punctate, the 2nd row of punctures
breaking up in its anterior halP. The pygidium is deeply and
coarsely punctured, the metasternum coarselv punctured and
thinly hairy. The front tibia is tridentate, the uppermost tooth
being very obtuse and feeble; the larger claw of the front foot is
cleft, and the smaller one is less than half as long as the larger
and strongly curved.

Lemjih, 12-5-13-5 mm.; breadth, 6-7 mm.

CEYLOisr : Peradeniya {E. E. Green, Oct., ]N'ov.) ; Madras:
Pallode, Trivandrum; Maddathorai, Travaneore ; Te'nmalai W*
Ghats; Chikkaballapura ( 7. V. CampheU).

Type in the British Museum.

R. meridionalis var. puncticollis, nov.

Pale testaceous, with the clypeus and tarsi red, the rest of the
head, the elytral suture, a pair of anterior spots and a larger pair

'>7t>

BUTELINiE.

of posterior spots close to the middle line of the proiiotum, black.
The sutural stripe is more or less dilated rouud the scutellum, the
humeral and apical calli are generally a little darkened, and the
extreme edges of pi'othorax, scutellum and elytra are also dark.
In pale specimens the spots disappear.

The shape and sculpture are practically the same as in the type
form, but the prouotum is rather more strongly punctured.

Length, 13-14 mm. ; breadth, 6'5-7 mm.

United Peoyixces : Dehra. Dun, 800 ft. (C. F. C. Beeson,
March) ; E. Bexgal : Khulna (March, Indian Museum).

This species is an interesting straggler in a really Palaearctic
genus. It rather closely resembles R. suturalis, especially in its
northern race {yar. i^itncticoUis), but it is larger, the eyes are rather
larger in proportion, the pronotum is relatively broader, and the
shorter front claw of the male is much shorter. Well-coloured
specimens of the var. puncticollis are distinguished from the type-
form by the additional pair of spots at the front of the prouotum,
but in both forms the thoracic markings are liable to disappear
entirely. The variety also differs in its more strongly punctured
pronotum, while in the male the sedeagus is rather longer and
narrower. It is probable that in Central India intermediate
forms linking: these two known races will be found to exist.

297. Rhinyptia Iseviceps, sp. no v.

Pale testaceous yellow, with the clypeus and tarsi reddish, and
the forehead and vertex nearly black.

Elongate-oval in shape, moderately convex, very smooth and
shining, with a thin clothing of hair beneath. The head is
extremely glossy and only scantily and very lightly punctured.
The forehead is a little depressed between the eyes, the clypeal
suture distinct, but not elevated, the clypeus triangular, with its
sides strongly converging from the base, the apical process about
as long as it is broad, gently recurved and rounded in front, and
slightly elevated in the middle, but without a sharp carina. The
pronotum is rather narrow, very feebly and inconspicuously
punctured, with a lightly impressed median groove, the sides
lightly rounded, the front angles nearly right angles, and the
hind angles rounded. The scutellum is huely punctured, and the
elytra are very lightly punctate-striate, the second, fourth and
iifth intervals wide and rather irregularly punctured along the
middle. The pygidium is rather coarsely, but not closely, pune-
tui'ed. The front tibia is armed with three teeth, the terminal
one very slender and the uppermost very feeble.

I have only seen a single male.

Length, 12 mm. ; breadth, 6 mm.

SiND : Karachi.

Type in the British Museum.

A nORRHIN'YPTIA. 273

Division IV. ADOREHmYPTimi.

The three species for which I have made the genus Ador-
rhinyptia, aud which have not hitherto been distinguis<hed from
Rldnyptia, really form a separate, highly pecuhar and interesting-
group. While the true Jihiai/ptia is quite evidently only a
modified form of the Anomala group and some of its African
species are vei-y closely related to Anomala itself, the species with
a hairy covering which I here separate from it have several
important points of difference. Although in the primary char-
acter (i.e. the flat horizontal labruni) by which the ANOiIALI^"I are
divided from the A1)oretini, AdorrJiim/ptia is typically Anomaliue,
in many other essential features of that group it is deficient and
shows affinity rather to the Adorexini. Thus it is without the
membranous margins to the elytra, which form an invariable
mark of the Anomalini, and the joints of the antennae are ten in
number, and not nine as in that group. The last abdominal
spiracle is situated close to the hinder margin of the penultimate
segment, as in the AnoRExiisfi, and not midway between the front
and hind margins. In the sculpture of the elytra and the form
of the claws it also shows a striking resemblance to Adoretus, while
the aedeagus of the male is entirely of the characteristic Adoretine
type, with the orifice dorsal, and not ventral as in Rhinyptia and
all the Anomalini. In fact, but for the close similarity of the
organs of the mouth to those of Rhinyptia, I should certainly
assign it to the AnoREXiNi ; but the structure of the labrum is
quite different and makes it impossible to dissociate it entirely
from Rhinyptia. Altogether it presents a very interesting problem
in classification.

Genus ADORRHINYPTIA, nov.
TrPE, Rhinyptia dorsalis, Burm.

Range. India.

Body ovate, not very long, and rather depressed, with a rather
close covering of fine decumbent hair above and beneath. Eyes
very large and prominent ; the clypeus small, rapidlv narro^\•ing
from the eyes forward and forming in front a short recurved
rostrum, which is bluntly rounded at the end, densely clothed with
erect hair and longitudinally carinate along the middle. The
antennae are 10-jointed, the first joint long and slender, the
second globular, the third to the seventh progressively diminishing.
The labrum is thin, horizontal and obtusely angular in front.
The mandible is short, produced to a sharp point and with a
strong molar part. The maxilla is armed with six very sharp
slender teeth parallel to one another ; the three-jointed palpi
attached near the extremity. The mentum is broad and excised
at its anterior margin. The pronotum is broad, margined all
round and A'ery feebly prominent in the middle of the hind
edge. The elytra are without membranous margins. The

T

274 EUTELIN^.

pygidiuni is clothed with rather thick erect hair. The front tibia
is armed witli three sharp teeth separated by rather acute notches.
The ciaws are sleiider and very unequal, and the longer one of
the front and middle feet is minutely cleft at a little distance
from the apex.

d . The abdomen is a little arched beneath, the pygidium
vertical, and the last ventral segment short and emarginate in the
middle.

5 . The pygidium is short and sloping, the abdomen convex
beneath and the last ventral segment long and pointed.

Kei/ to the Species.

1 (2) Elytra with separate punctures ruficollis, Kr.

2 (1) Elytra rngosely punctured.

3 (4) Elytra with a wide pale border dorsalis, Burm.

4 (3) Elytra almost or entirely black fusca, sp. u.

298. Adorrhinyptia ruficollis.

Rhiny2)tia riijicollis, Kraatz, Deutsche Eut. Zeits. 1895, p. 106.

Pale yellow, with the clypeus, the middle of the pronotum and
the tarsi rather bright red, the posterior part of the head black, and
a broad, but ill-delined sutural band upon the elytra brown.

It is ovate and rather depressed in form, and clothed above
and beneath with fine yellowish hair. The head is shining and
coarsely but not very closely granulated, with the clypeus narrow^
its sides very gently curved and gradually converging to form a
short, strongly recurved rostrum, shorter than it is wide and
rounded at the end. The pronotum is strongly and closely
punctured, with its sides rounded, the front angles slightly acute
and the hind angles rounded off. The scutellum is rather finely
punctured, and the elytra coarsely, the punctures of the latter
quite distinct, except upon the subsutural interval. The costse
are not very distinct. The pygidium is finely punctured and
clothed with short erect hair. The sides of the metasternum
bear rather close shallow punctures. The front tibia is armed
M'ith three teeth, the two lower ones long and sharp, the third
minute and separated from the second by an acute notch ; the
longer claw of the front and middle feet is minutely cleft at a
distance from the tip.

(S . All the teeth of the front tibia are acute.
5 . The two lower teeth of the front tibia are very oblique and
the third tooth is very feeble.

Length, 9-10 mm. ; breadth, 4-5-5-5 mm.

Bengal : Calcutta (E. T. AfMnson).

Type in the Berlin Entomological Museum.

299. Adorrhinyptia dorsalis.

Rldmjptin dorsalis, Burm.,* Handb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855, p. 494.

Testaceous yellow, with the head (except the clypeus) blacky
and the pronotum and elytra dark brown, with the sides decorated

ADOKUHINYI'TIA. 275

with a complete, rather broad, but not sharply limited, yellow
border. The clypeus and tarsi are red, and there is sometimes a
narrow median longitudinal red line upon the pronotum.

It is ovate, somewhat depressed, and clothed above and beneath
with rather close yellowish hair. The head is shininp; and coarsely,
not closely, granulated, with the clypeus small, its sides gradually
converging to form a strongly recurved rostrum about as long as
it is wide and rounded at the end. The pronotum is strongly and
closely punctured, with its sides evenly rounded, the front angles
nearly right angles and the hind angles rounded off. The scu-
tellum is rather tinely punctured, and the elytra are coarsely and
rather confluently punctured, with not very distinct costse. The
pygidium is finely punctured and clothed with erect hairs. The
sides of the metasternum bear rather coarse and close jninctures.
The front tibia is armed with three strong teeth, the second and
third separated by a sharp notch, and the longer claw of the
front and middle feet is minutely cleft at a distance from the tip.

(S . The longer front claw is angulated at a little distance from
the tip, but hardly perceptibly cleft.

Length, 9-10 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Bengal: Chapra (6^. E. Dutt, July), Pusa (July), Tinpahar,
nr. liajmahal; Cejttual Provinces: Xagpur, 8ukna, 500 fr.
(July) ; Punjab : Suleiman Hills.

Type in the Halle University Museum.

300. Adorrhinyptia fusca, sp. nov. (Plate IV, tig. 26.)

Perrugineous red, with the femora and tibiae yellow ; the fore-
head, vertex, the disc of the pronotum (generally), the elytra
(sometimes with the lateral margins remaining pale) and the
pygidium, nearly black.

It is ovate in form, rather depressed, and clothed above and
beneath with soft yellowish hair. The
clypeus is very shining and strongly
granulated, with its sides gently curved
and gradually converging to form a
narrow, strongly recurved rostrum, about
as long as it is wide, rounded at the end
and gently carinate along the middle.
The forehead is also strongly granu-
lated. The pronotnm is closely, evenly
and rather finely punctured, with its
sides gently rounded, the front angles
slightly acute and the hind angles
rounded off. The scutellum is rather
Fig. bS.—Adorrhivi/ptia linely punctured, and the elytra are
■^"■'^'^^'- densely rugose, with slight traces of

three discoidal costae. The pygidium is
finely punctured and clothed with short erect hair. The sides of
the metasternum bear rather close shallow punctures. The front
tibia is armed with three moderately strong teeth, the two upper-

T 2

276 RUTELllS'j^.

i7)ost separated by an acute notch, and the longer claw of the
front and middle feet is very minutely cleft at a short distance
from the apex.

c? . The teeth of the front tibia are sharper than in the female.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

S. Bombay : Belgaum {H. E. Andreives).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. H. E. Andrewes'
collection.

Division V. ADOKETINI.

The beetles comprising this division are characterized by their
generally small size and dull, unattractive colour, almost invariably
pccompauied by a clothing of short hairs or setae above as well as
beneath. They are nearly all nocturnal in their habits, destroying
the foliage of trees and shrubs, and frequently attracted into houses
by light. The group is peculiar to the Old World and confined
to tropical or subtropical regions.

Although there is considerable resemblance between the
Adoretini and certain Anomalini, it is quite superficial, lor the
structure of the mouth is very different. In the present group

Fig. 59.— Labniin of: — a, Trigonosfomum ; b, Adoretus; c, Scaphorrkin-
adorctus ; d, Prodoretus ; e, FachyrrJiinadoretus.

the labrum, instead of being simply a horizontal lip roofing the
mouth-cavity, is produced downwards in front so as to present a
very evident anterior face, which in a few species is rectangular
in shape, in others ti-iangular, the apex of the triangle applied to
the front edge of the mentnm ; but in the great majority it is
much more highly developed, the free lower edge being produced
as a long recurved rostrum across the mouth, which it completely
divides into two halves, the extremity of the rostrum interlocking
with, or lying upon, the front edge of the mentum. The result
of this remarkable conformation is that the mandibles, and
apparently the maxillae also, are incapable of meeting, as in
practically all other insects, but work instead against the right
and left sides respectively of the labrum. The whole of the
latter is extremely hard, as highly chitinous indeed as the man-
dibles, and generally ridged or serrated at the sides, which form

ADOEETINI. 277

concave luasticiitiug surfaces. Into the curve the strong termimil
lobe of the mandible closely fits, and thus to all intents and
purposes both mouth and jaws are duplicated. The mandibles
meet at their inner basal part, where there is a very hard molar
or grinding surface. The maxilla (except in the degenerate
Heteroplithalmus) bears three, four or five short, but very strong,
finger-like teeth, radiating and more or less overlapping at their
outer edges, like the leaves of a fan, and one of the inner
teeth is generally broad and quadrate and appears as if separately
articulated at the base of the others. The palpus is either simple
and threadlike, or with the last joint short and conical. The
mentura varies very greatly in form, being correlated with the
labrum in its different phases, and generally notched or grooved
at the middle to receive the extremity of the latter ; but in
Schizadoretus its front margin is produced into two sharp points,
which are so prominent as to be visible from above. The antennae
are normally 10-jointed, but occasionally there are only nine joints,
and in Pseudadoretus there are ten in the males and nine in the
females. The front tibia is armed with three external teeth and
occasionally serrated above the teeth, the claws are long and very
unequal, and generally the longer one of the front and middle
feet is cleft at the tip.

The outer edges of the elytra are not fringed with a thin mem-
brane, as in the Anoma.lini, but in some species of Adoretus
there is a smooth opaque epi[)leura of a different texture from the
remaining surface. The last abdominal spiracle is situated close
to the hinder margin of the penultimate dorsal segment, and in
some of the species the abdomen has a sharp keel along each side,
which may be continued obliquely across the corner of that segment
and so cut off the spiracle.

The diffex'ences between the sexes are important and must be
carefully attended to if the accurate discrimination of the species
is to be attempted. The abdomen is convex in the female, and
straight or slightly concave in the male ; the last ventral segment
is large and more or less triangular in the former, and short and
transverse in the latter; and the pygidium is short and oblique in
the female, and larger and much more convex in the male. In
addition, the eyes are often much larger in the male than in the
female, the clypeus being then correspondingly reduced: the club
of the antenna is often longer; and where the longer front and
middle claws are cleft, the two divisions are approximately equal
in the female and very unequal in the male, the cleft being often
at a distance from the end and sometimes almost obliterated. In
Lissadoretus the claws are all undivided in the female, while in
the male they are of the normal type.

The different genera have little to distinguish them super-
ficially, but there are great difterences in the structure of the
mouth, and therefore in the manner of feeding.

The predominant genus, Adoi'etus, is the only one of whose
habits anything is known. It consists of a very large number

278

RV'FEhll<{JE.

of closely similar species, some of which occur in enormous
profusion and liave been found to cause serious damage to
cultivated crops, upon the roots of which the larvee feed.

In the genus Adoretas, which contains the vast majority of
the known species, the remarkable formation renders it necessary
for one side only of the mouth to be used at a time. A leaf (of
Cassia) attacked by Adoretus versutus which has been sent to me
has oblong holes eaten out of it in pairs, the beetle having
apparently fed first on one side and then on the other, moving
slowly backwards but not otherwise altering its position, and
leaving a narrow strip of leaf intact in the middle. If this is
characteristic of the species of this genus it will make the recog-
nition of damage due to them simple and certain, but it still
awaits confirn)ation.

At my request, Mr. F. H. G-ravely has carefully watched the
feeding process in Adoretus versutus, and the result is described
by him in " Eecords of the Indian Museum," xi, 1915 (p. 499).
He finds that the insect rests upon the flat surface (generally the
lower surface), not the edge of the leaf, and bites holes in the
latter, turning its head slightly to one side or the other to do so
and using only the organs of that side of the mouth. The
principal instrument in this operation is the peculiar broad fan-
shaped maxilla, Avhich scoops out and draws into the mouth
small quantities of the soft leaf-tissue. Mr. Gravely thinks that
an important function of the mandibles, apart from the basal
masticatory mill, is to protect the maxillae and to close the two
mouth openings when not in operation.

Kei/ to the Genera.

1 (8) Labriun without a median pro-

cess.

2 (3) Clypeus straight or regidarly

rounded Peodoretus, Brens., p. 279.

3 (2) Clypeus pointed or lobed.

4 (5) Clypeus acuminate Oxyadoeetus, g-. n., p. 281.

5 (4) Clypeus lobed.

6 (7) Clypeus narrow, consisting of

two lobes ScHiZADORKTUs, g. n., p. 283.

7 (6) Clypeus broad, consisting of

four lobes Ph.^adoretus, Reitt., p 281.

8 (1) Labrum with a median proce.^s.

i» (10) Process of the labrum free, not [p. 285.

bisecting the mouth Pachyrehinadoretus, Oh.,

10 (9) Process of the labrum bisecting

the mouth, not free.

11 (12) Mandibles reduced, process of [p. 288.

the labrum minute IIeterophthalmus, BL,

12 (11) Mandibles large.

13 (18) Process of the labrum pointed.

14 (17) Process of the labrum small,

not dilated nor concave in

front. [p. 289.

lo (16) Labrum serrate at the sides . . Trigonostomum, Burm.,

PEODORETUS. :279

16 (lo) Labrum not serrate at the [p. 290.

sides Rhamphadori:tus, Oh.,

17 (14) Process of the labrum large, [p. 292.

dilated, concave in front .... SCAPHOKRHiNAL)OKKTus,Oh.,

18 (13) Process of the labrum ribbon-

like, not pointed.

19 (20) Labrum rounded at the end,

not serrate at the sides .... Liss.\doretus, g. u., p. 293.

20 (19) Labrum truncate at the end,

serrate at the sides.

21 (22) Maxillary palpi clubbed ; hind

tibia very short and broad at

the end PsKUDADORETUS,Sem.,p.294.

22 (21) Maxillary palpi filiform; hind

tibia not much dilated at the

end Adouktus, Cast., p. 295.

Genus PEODORETUS.

Prodoretus, Brenske, Soc. Ent. viii, 1893, p. 1 ; Ohaut^, Deutsche
Ent. Zeits. 1912, p. 269.

Type, Prodoretus vittatus, Breuske (Madagascar).

Range. Tropical Africa, India, Madagascar.

Body ovate and convex. Eyes large and prominent; clvpeus
small, semicircular or trapezoidal. Aiitennse 10-jointed, club
moderately long, Labrum transverse, witliout median lobe (see
fig. 59 (/). Mandibles strong, interlocking, not tootbed, molar
ridges very coarse. Maxilla and labium very \arious. Maxilla
with 2-4 teeth, blunt or very sharp, palpus generally slender.
Labium broad and truncate, or long and attenuated, witji palpi
widely separated or close together. Front tibia sharply 3-dentate,
the two upper teeth separated by a sharp notch.

A number of species of very varied head- and mouth-structure
have been put together under the name of Prodoretus by Ohaus.
They agree only in having the labrum not f)roduced in the middle,
and it is not easy to see why Phmidoretus was not also added.
They appear to be rare insects, and it is perhaps wise to await
additional means of studying them before attempting a satisfactory
classification. I do not know tlie two Indian species ii]cluded by
Ohaus, whose descriptions J have translated as follows : —

301. Prodoretus bombayanus.

Prudoretus hombayanus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1912, p. 273.

"Cylindrical, convex, shining testaceous-yellow, i-ather paler
beneath, the anterior part more reddisli yellow, the head blackish
brown, all the margins and the teeth of the front tibiae dark.

Head rather large, with large eyes, the clypeus nearly semi-
circular, with a finely reilexed margin, reddish brown, with
moderately close aniiular punctures, the walls of which disappear
posteriorly, each puncture with a short backwardly directed seta.

280 JiLFTKLlK-K.

Clypeal suture quite fine and .srraigtit, head lightly shining, fore-
head like the elypeus, vertex quite finely simply punctured.
Antennae 10-jointed, with the club almost as long as the foot-
stalk. Thorax relatively long, hardly dilated in the middle, finelj''
margined all round, hind angles gently rounded, front angles and
middle of the front margin slightly produced, lateral margin
setose, upper surface with moderately close annular punctures,
each with a very short whitish seta. Elytra \A'ith slightly elevated
primary costae, the jjrimary rows of punctures and the intervals
with annular punctures, which on the disc (not at the sides) are
united by fine short transverse rugSD ; each puncture with a quite
short seta; lateral margin finely and closely crenulated, the
epipleurae extendin<i; to the posterior edge of the hind coxae.
Pygidium vertical, rather long and acute, flat before tlie apex,
elsewhei'e rather convex, sparsely punctured, each puncture with
a long fine greyish-white hair. Last ventral segment emarginate
behind, shorter than the penultimate, all the sternites with a
slight marginal edge, sparsely clothed with short whitish hair, like
the breast and the coxae, the penultimate one also with a trans-
verse row of bristles. Prosternum without a process. Front
tibia tridentate, the tarsi relatively long and slender, at least the
front ones, the claws very unequal in length, the larger one on
the front and middle feet slightly cleft.

Length., 9-5 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Bombay: Belgaum."

Tupe in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

302. Prodoretus malabariensis.

Prodoretus malabariensis, Ohaus, JJeutsclie Ent. Zeits. 1912, p. 274,

" Elongate, almost parallel-sided, moderately convex, ])ale testa-
ceous-yellow, the head blackish brown, not very shining on account
of the close and rather long white hair.

Head small, only appearing large on account of the large and
prominent eyes ; elypeus reddish, hardly broader than long,
parallel-sided, with the angles slightly rounded, the front margin
a little produced and only feebly reflexed, rather closely covered
with annular punctures, whose Malls are partly lost, so that oidy
transverse elevations remain , in each puncture is an erect whitish
seta. The head is similarly sculptured and clothed, the vertex
scarcely more sparsely. Thorax slightly convex, hardly dilated
in the middle, hind angles bluntly rounded, front angles a little
produced, with close ocellate punctures everywhere and in each
puncture a whitish seta. Scutellum very closely punctured. The
primary costae of the elytra, with the exception of the sutural
costa, are scarcely elevated, all the intervals closely punctured,
the punctures with white setae. These costae are well marked,
however, from the fact that the punctures of the primary rows
are ratlier larger and arranged in regular rows, with the contained

rRODOKETUfI?. — OXVAUOIiETUS. 281

hairs also lonning rows, unlike the irregular punctures and hairs
of the intervals. Pygidiuiu rather long, vertical, with slightly
truncated apex, everywhere closely punctured and clothed with
long hair, only the part before the extremity shining and almost
bare. Ventral segments sparingly, breast more sti'ongly, hairy.
Legs moderately strong, sparingly clothed with long hair ; front
tibiae with three long teeth, the spur at the inner edge long, bent
downwards and outwards ; middle and hind tibicS slightly swollen
externally, scarcely constricted before the end ; tarsi rather long
and strong, with the claws very unequal in length, the inner hind
one wantnig or reduced to a hardly visible rudiment. Antennae
10-jointed, with the club hardly as long as the foot-stalk, ex-
cluding the basal joint. Mouth-parts small, but well developed.
Labrum rather shorter than the anterior face of the clypeus,
mandibles and labium as in the preceding species, the chisel-shaped
tooth of the maxilla still larger but the sharp ventral tooth
adjoining it a Httle smaller : on the dorsal side also a small, sharp
free tooth.

The species resembles at first sight HeteropJithalmm ocularis, BL,
from Pondichery, but is smaller, and easily distinguished by the
form of the labrum, which in Blauchard's species bears a tooth-
like middle process.

Le))(/th, 9 mm. ; breadth, 4 mm.

Madras: Travancore, 1000-2500 ft. (Dec.)."'

Ti/jye in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

Genus OXYADORETUS, no v.
Type, Oxyadoretus nasutus, sp. n.

Range. India.

Body elongate-oval, rather depressed, thinly clothed with
minute setae above. Head not large, eyes large, clypeus narrow,
with the front margin reflexed and jiroduced to a point in the
middle. Anterior face of the labrum short and broad, with the
lower edge nearly straight, not at all produced in the middle and
not serrated. Mandibles regularly rounded externally, with the
apex simple, very sharp, and the molar surface large. Maxilla
short, very stout, consisting of two closely fitting lobes, the outer
one large and broad, the inner small and sharply pointed, the
two together forming a subquadrate plate ; last joint of the palpus
ovate, not much enlarged. Mentum short, the terminal part
consisting of two rounded diverging lobes clothed with long
hairs; palpus moderately long, with the last joint oval, not en-
larged. Antenna 10-jointed. Legs not very long ; front tibia
armed with three strong sharp teeth, divided by acute notches ;
claws very unequal, the longer one cleft on the front and middle
feet.

6 • The longer front and middle claws are very minutely cleft
at a distance from the apex.

282 EUTELINyE.

$ . Unknown. The eyes are probably smaller aiid the clypeus
may be of different shape.

In addition to the sharply pointed clypeus in this genu«, the
organs of the mouth are very distinctive.

Kei/ to the S2)ecies.

Upper surface scarcely shiuiug; punctures closer nmutns, .sp. u.

Upper surface rather shining- ketus, sip. n.

303. Oxyadoretns nasutus, sp. nov. (Plate V, fig. 3.)

Pale testaceous, with the clypeus and tarsi i-ed, the forehead
and vertex black, and the pronotum decorated witli a rather in-
definite brown patch on each side of the middle line.

Elongate-oval, moderately depressed and clothed witli extremely
fine, uniform pale setae. The head is moderately closely and
evenh' rugulose, with the clypeus narrow,
semi-elliptical, the front margin produced in
the middle into a sharp reflexed angle. The
pronotum is finely and closely punctured,
rather less closely at tlie sides, which are
strongly rounded, with the front angles right
angles and the hind angles rounded. The
scutellum is acute-angled and closely punc-
tured. The elytra are rather coarsely and
confluently punctured, with the costae not
very distinct. The pygidium is rather thickly
clothed witli soft short erect hair, thinner
Fio-. m.— Oxiiadoretus towards the apex, which is rather smooth and
''" nasutus, cJ. shining. The front tibia is rather broad and

armed with three very sharp teeth. The
c]a\\-s are very unequal, the shorter one of the hind foot less than
half as long as the longer.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 4*5 mm.

I have seen only a single male in the British Museum, formerly
in the collection of the late Alexander Pry and labelled " India
Orient."

304. Oxyadoretus laetus, sp. nov. (Plate V, fig. 2.)

Bright yellow, -with the pronotum orange, the clypeus and tarsi
red, and the forehead and vertex black.

Moderately elongate and depressed, rather shining and thinly
clothed above with minute and uniform pale setae. The head is
rather shallowly and not very closely rugulose, with the clypeus
semi-elliptical, strongl}^ reflexed in front and produced in the
middle of the front edge to an obtuse point. Pronotum rather
strongly and moderately closely punctured, with the sides gently

SCHIZADOIIETUS. 283

curved, the front angles I'iglit 'angles and the hind angles very
obtuse. The scutellutn is well punctured, and the elytra are
rather finely and distinctly punctured, with somewhat Feebly
indicated costse. The pygidium is ratlier smooth and shining,
with a clothing of erect but not long hair. The front tibia is
fairly broad and armed with three very sharp teeth.

Leiu/th, 11 mm.; breadth, 5 mm.

Madras : Malabar.

1 have seen only a single male specimen and this is in the
British Museum.

Genus SCHIZADORETUS, nov.

Type, Schizadoretus rufescens, sp. u.

Ramje. Bengal.

(.."lypeus very small, nearly semicircular in sha])e, with the
margin strongly reflexed and a little excised in the middle, its
vertical face long, the length nearly half its breadth. Labrum
large, rather rectangular, gently emargiuate at the front margin,
without a median process. Mandibles short and not produced at
the apex. Maxilla armed with four very sharp slender teeth,

Fig. 61. — Mouth-parts of Schisadoretus riifo^cens. a, inaudible ; /', maxilla;
c, inentum ; d, clypeus and labrum (anterior face).

three of them terminal ; palpi slender, the last joint oval.
Mentum large, produced and sharply bihd at the end, with the
points visible from above ; palpi very short and thick, with the
terminal joint subglobular. Antenna? 10-jointed, with the club
rather long. Eyes prominent. Legs moderately slender, the
front tibia armed with three very strong teeth, the longer front
and middle claws cleft very minutely in both sexes.
Only one species is known at present.

305. Schizadoretus rufescens, sp. nov.

Pale ferrugineous red, with the head (except the clypeus) black
and the femora pale.

284

IIUTELIN.E.

It is iiioderately elongate in shape, and clothed above and
beneath with rather coarse white setae. The
head is rugosely punctured, with the ch'peus
rather smooth, shining and almost without
setx. The pronotum is coarsely punctured,
strongly rounded at the sides, with tlie front
angles acute and the hind angles rounded off.
The elytra are coarsely and closely punc-
tured, with moderately well-marked costce.
The pygidium is finely coriaceous aud clothed
with uniform, sliort, erect setae. The teeth
of the front tibia are large and sharp.

d' . The eyes are larger than in the female,
the clypeus more deeply notched, and the
pygidium is longer, more exposed and nearly
smooth and bare at the apex.

Length, 10-10-5 mm.; breadth, 4-5-5 mm.

Bengal : Pusa (June).

Taken by Mr. T. Bainbrigge Fletcher at light.

Fig. 62.~ScJ/i~a-
dorcius riifeaccns.

Genus PH^ADORETUS.

Fhceadoretus, Reitter, Verb. Nat. Yer. Briimi, xli. 1903, p. 31 ;
Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1912, p. 268.

Type, Adoretus comptus, Men.

Range. Turkestan, Persia, Baluchistan, 8ind,

Elongate-oval, clothed above and beneath with minute white
setse. Head rather narrow, with the eyes not large or pro-
minent. Clypeal margin strongly reflexed and produced in front
into two rounded lobes which, with the rounded sides, give the
effect of a fourfold division. Anteiinse 10-jointed, with the club
moderately long. Labrum broad, vertical, without a median
process. Mandibles meeting one another, blunt at the extremity,
without teeth. Maxilla terminating in three strong teeth ; palpus
long, with the terminal joint broadly oval. Mentum short, broad,
very prominent beneath, with the ligular part very broad and
4-lobed in front, and the palpi short. Elytra long, covering the
pygidium. Legs moderately long, the front tibia armed with
three teeth, the second much nearer the first than the third.

S • The pygidium is convex, but rather short, and the abdomen
is nearly straight beneath. The longer front and middle claws
are scarcely perceptibly cleft at the extremity.

$ . The abdomen is convex beneath, and the longer front and
middle claws are minutely cleft at the tip.

Only a single species is known.

306. Phseadoretus comptus.

Adoretus comptits, Menetr., Mem. Acad. Petersb. vi, 1849, p. 62,

pL ii, f. 13.
Adoretus si/riacus, ])lanch., Cat. Cull. Ent. Mus. I'aris, 1851 (1850),

p. 232. ■

PH.EADOIIETUS. PACHYBKHI>ADOIlETUS. 285

Leaden black in colour, with the antennae and legs deep red,
and clotlied, not very closely, with short whitish setae, those upon
the elytra arranged in longitudinal lines.

It is rather narrow in shape, with the elytra long and entirely
covering the pygidiniu. The head is rather narrow, and closely,
but rather coarsely rugose, with the clypeal margin strongly
reflexed and produced in the middle into two slight rounded lobes.
The pronotum is coarsely but rather closely, and at tlie .Nides cou-
fluently, punctured ; its sides are obtusely angulated in the
middle, feebly serrated in front, with the front angles acutely
produced aud the hind angles obtuse. The scutellum is strongly
punctured, and the elytra have the primary costae well marked,
rather narrow and strongly elevated, and the intervening spaces
bi'oad aud closely pitted. The pygidium bears short erect setae.

Length, 11-13 mm.; breadth, 5-6"5 mm.

Upper Sind : Dadur Kuchee {Dr. A. H. Leitli); Baluchistan :
Quetta, Onnarah {W. D. Gumming), Nushki District; Afghan-
istan ; Persia ; Bokhara ; Turkey.

Adontus seriesetosus, «hich inhabits the same region, bears a
remarkable resemblance to this insect, but the conformation of
the mouth is entirely different.

Genus PACHYRRHINADORETUS.

PachyrrhinndoreUis, Ohau;;, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1912, p. 509.
Type, Paehyrrliinadoretus riigijiennis, Ohaus.

Range. India.

Oval, conxex, rather smooth aud shining, and thinly clothed
with line hair. Eyes somewhat prominent. Clypeus rather small,
semicircular, with strongly rounded and reflexed margin. An-
tennae 10-jointed, the club not very long. Labrum rather large,
rectangular in front and produced in the middle into a blunt
rounded lobe (fig. 59 e), which is free in front and not pi'oduced
backwards. Mandibles large, meeting behind the median process of
the labrum, their apical lobes long and bluntly bidentate at the apex.
Maxilla deeply cleft at the extremity, with the outer lobe blunt
and truncated, and the inner one very sharp ; palpi stout, not
long. Mentum broad, transversely quadrate, with the antei'ior
part extremely short and its front margin nearly straight; palpi
rather long. Legs stout, the front tibia rather feebly tridentate,
but the two upper teeth separated by a sharp notch ; claws verv
long and unequal, the longer one on the front and middle feet
very minutely cleft at the apex.

S . The abdomen is well arched and the pygidium exposed.

$. The upper surface is smoother, less punctured and less
pubescent than that of the male, the eyes are rather smaller and
less prominent, the abdomen very convex beneath and the pygi-
dium concealed by the elytra. The front tibia is shorter and its
teeth are much stronger and sharper.

The club-shaped projecting rostrum or median lobe of the
labrum is very peculiar.

286 RUTELINiE.

Key io the Species.

Pronotum lightlv imnctured (J) or scarcely punc-
tured ( 5 ) . . .' rv(jrpennis. Oh.

Pronotum densely punctured ( J ) or well punc-
tured ( 5 ) . . . .' frontidm, Burm,

The features by which Dr. Ohaus has distinguished the species
of this genus are variable and of little value, but his excellent
figures of the aedeagi of the males render exact identification of
that sex possible, and I think the cliaracters stated above will
enable both sexes to be recognised without much difficulty.

307. Pachyrrhinadoretus rugipennis. (Plate Y, iigs. 4-10.)

Pachyrrhinitdoyftiis riic/ipennis, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1912,

p. 511.
Fachyryhinadoretus deccaiius, Ohaus, 1. c. p. 512.
Pachijrrhinadoretris monticoht. Ohaus, 1. c.

Orange-yellow, with the foreliead dark and (in the S) usually
the pronotum also and frequently the elytra, except tlie outer
margins. The body is clothed, abo^•e and beneath, \\ith very
fine grey pubescence, which is moderately close in the male,
sparser in the female.

It is extremely similar in shape and general appearance to
P. frontahis, Burm. The head is rugosely punctured, but not
very finely or closely, and the clypeus ratlier sparingly. The
pronotum is fairly closely punctured in the male, very sparsely at
the sides in the female, and almost devoid of punctures in the
middle. In other respects it agrees with P. froniatiis, Burm.

The sexes differ as in P.frontatus, but the pronotum of the female
is still more smooth. The female is generally entirely pale, except
the head, but the middle of the pronotum may also be dark. In
one specimen in tlie British Museum the pronotum is pale and
the elytra are dark (except the outer margins).

Length, 9-5-11 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Bengal: Palamow (Nov.), Chapra, Kurnul ; Bombay: Ahme-
dabad, Prantig (Nov.), Belgaum {H. E. Andrewes), Dharwar,
Kanara {T. li. D. Bell); Madkas : Madura ( C. Somers-iSmith).

Although the collector's name is not given, it is evident from
the localities enumerated by Dr. Ohaus (Belgaum, Kanara,
Madura) that P. deccanus was described from specin)ens obtained
by Mr. H. E. Andrewes from those localities. These were sent
to Berhn, and a set was retained by Dr. Kraatz. I have examined
and dissected series from each of these localities and have been sur-
prised to find that, although externally they are practically alike, 1 he
tedeagi show a remarkable range of variation. In examples from
Madura the organ (Plate V, fig. 9) is as represented by Dr.^Ohaus,
but those from Kanara and Belgaum hare a greater resemblance
to, and indeed form a chain of connecting links with, the rugi-
jjemiis form. There is some variation in specimens from the same
locality, but more marked differences distinguish specimens from-

l>ACUYKltHlNADOKETUS. 287

different localities. The figures given by Dr. Ohaiis as distinctive
of P. rugipennis and F. deccanus respectively seem to represent
the extremes, the typical P. deccanus form occurring only in the
soutli of the peninsula, while specimens from localities succes-
sively farther north exhibit progressive attenuation of the ^deagus
(as shown here hi Plate V, tigs. 4 to 10), until at Ahmedabad practi-
cally the riujipemiis form appears. A'o corresponding external
differences have been found, and the females are indistinguishable.
Since there seems to be no practical use in giving names to each
link in this chain of local races, I have treated them as a single
species with the name of nif/ijxuinis.

308. Pachyrrhinadoretus frontatus.

Adoret.us frontatm, Burm. * Handb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855, p. .530.
Fachi/rrhinadorettis costatus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits 19] •>
p. 511. ' "'

Orange-yellow, with the forehead dark and (in the male) also the
clypeus, the middle of the pronotum and the elytra, except the
elevated costae and the outer margins. The body is clothed above
and beneath with very fine grey pubescence, which is sparse,
except upon the head, and the pronotum and pygidium of the male'..

It is elongate-oval and slightly depressed. The head is very
closely and rugosely punctin-ed, and the clypeus semicircular.
The pronotum is finely punctured, strongly and evenly rounded
at the sides, with the front angles acute and the hind angles
obsolete. The elytra are closely and rugosely punctured, with
three well-marked smooth costae rather far apart upon each.

c? ■ The three teeth of the front tibia are small, the abdomen
is arched beneath, and the pygidium exposed and rather closely
clothed with erect fine hairs.

§ . The colour is pale, except upon the forehead, the clypeus
is rather longer and the eyes smaller. The pronotum is much
less closely punctured, especially in the middle. The abdomen is
convex beneath and the pygidium covered. The front tibia is
short aTid broad, and the three teeth are very strong and sharp.

LengtJi, 10-1 1-5 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Bengal : Pusa (Oct., at light).

Type in the Halle Museum, that of P. cosfatas in Dr. Ohaus'
collection.

In the Hope collection at Oxford are a male and a female
labelled^ " Central India — Boys," and I have no doubt that Bur-
meister's type, which has been lent to me for comparison, was
sent to him from Oxford and was one of this series. It is the
female, however, which he has described, and the original descrip-
tion therefore contains two vital mistakes, the locality " Assam "
and the statement that it applies to the male. There are al.-o
specimens from Boys' series in the British Museum. Dr. Ohaus
has mistakenly referred the species to the genus Pseiidadontvs
(Deutsche Ent. Zeits. liU-l, p. 514).

288 BUTKLTX.^.

Genus HETEROPHTHALMUS.

Hetet'ophthnlmus, Blanch., Cat, Coll. Eut. Mus. Paris, 1851 (1850),
p. 234; Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1912, p. 280.

Type, Heterophthalmus ocularis, Bl.

Range. South India.

Body small, differing greatly in shape in tlie two sexes, with a
very scanty and inconspicuous clothing of minute hairs above and
.beneath.

The organs of the mouth are much reduced. The labrum is
only slightly visible externally, scarcely vertical, with a very
minute but acute process in the middle. The mandibles are
small, not highly chitinised, not meeting or co-adapted, bluntly
rounded at the extremity and with a feeble molar surface. The
maxilla is acuminate, but not toothed. The labium forms a small
rounded lobe. The clypeus is narrow, rather long relatively and
strongly refiexed at the front margin. The front tibia is armed
with three blunt teeth, and the longer claw on the front and
middle feet is very minutely cleft ; there are two spurs to the
hind tibia in both sexes (not one only in the S , as presumed by
Dr. Ohaus).

S . The body is rather narrow and parallel-sided. The eyes
are very large and prominent, and the clypeus correspondingly
reduced, the forehead being only a little wider than the diameter
of the eye. The antennae are 9-jointed and the club longer than
the foot-stalk. The legs are slender and the tarsi very long ; the
two claws of the front foot are very unequal. The pygidium is
convex.

5 . The body is short and broad, and the elytra dilated to
behind the middle. The eyes are rather small. The antennae
are 9-jointed and the club much shorter than the foot-stalk.
The legs are shorter than in the male, the tarsi very short ; the
hind femur and tibia ai-e very short and thick. The pygidium is
rather flat.

There is only one known species, taken in 1836 by Perrottet,
and I believe never found again.

^09, Heterophthalmus ocularis.

Heterophthalmus ocularis, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent. Mus. Paris,
1851 (1850), p. 234,

Uniformly reddish testaceous, with minute sparse greyish hairs
:above and beneath.

The head and clypeus are coarsely and rather closely punctured,
the vertex less closely. The pronotum is strongly punctured,
with the sides strongly rounded and all the angles very obtuse.
The seutellum bears a few large punctures, and the elytra are
coarsely, closely and confluently punctured, with three narrow,
rather prominent costse outlint^d by double rows of punctures.
The pygidium is rather finely, but not very closely, punctured.

TRIGONOSXOMUM. 289

2 . Ill addition to the differences already enumerated, the
female is more thinly setose and more shining than the male.

Length, 7-8 mm. ; breadth, 3*5-4'5 mm.

Madras : Pondicherry (Perrottet).

Type in the Paris Museum ; co-type (female) in the British
Museum.

Genus TRIGONOSTOMUM.

Trigonostomum, Burm., Haudb. Eiit. iv, 1, 1844, p. 466.
Type, Trigonostomum mueoreum, Burra. (Madagascar).

Range. Madiigasear, Malay Archipelago, Ceylon.

Rather narrowly elongate, with the head small, the eves very
prominent, and the clypeal margin rounded and strongly reflexed.
Antennae 10-jointed. Labrum (fig. 59 a) rather short, serrated at
the sides and produced to a sharp point in the middle. Mandible
blunt at the tip. Maxilla armed with four teeth at the end ; the
palpi moderately slender, the last joint elongate-oval. Mentum
longer than broad, almost parallel-sided, deeply notched behind the
palpi, the front margin narrowed and sharply bidentate ; palpi
short, with the last joint oval. Legs slender, the front tibia armed
with two sharp teeth and a feeble upper one; claws very unequal,
the longer one cleft on the front and middle feet.

6 . The body is distinctly arched beneath, and the club of the
antenna is rather long.

Tbe females of this genus appear to be more rarely found than
the males.

Only one Indian species is known.

310. Trigonostomum ursus. (Plate V, ng. 1.)

Adoretus ursus, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,

p. 365.
Trigonostomum ursus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1912, p. 411.

Yellowish, with the inner and outer
margins of the elytra rather darker, and the
head and pronotum dark brown, suffused
with a metallic lustre.

Elongate in shape and somewliat shining,
but clothed with rather coarse greyish setae,
which are dense upon the scutellum and
moderately close upon the sides and ends of
the elytra and the pygidiuni, but elsewhere
rather scanty. The elytra bear also a few
longer erect hairs placed far apart upon the
costse. The head is not large, but the eyes
Fig. 63.— rn>Mo- ^^^ prominent, the clypeus rugose, with the
stomum ursus, c? . margin semicircular and very strongly re-
flexed, and the forehead very coarsely punc-
tured. The pronotum is very shining, very strongly punctured,

u

290 RUTELIN^.

with the Literal margins rounded, tlie front angles acute and
the hind angles obtuse. The elytra are rather closely punctured,
with the costge indicated by indistinct double lines of punctures.
The pvgidium and the sides of the metasternum are clothed with
long hair. The front tibia is armed with two short sharp teeth
placed rather close together and a third feeble one above them ;
the claws are very unequal, the longer one of the front and
middle feet minutely cleft, and the shorter one on the hind foot
less than half the length of the longer. The antenna is 10-jointed
and all the joints except tlie seventh are elongate.

The female is unknown.

Length, 12-1--5 mm.; breadth, 5-5-6'5 mm.

Ceylon : Hakgala {E. E. Green, March, April).

Type in the British Museum.

This species has a remarkable superficial I'esemblauoe to Adoretns
diipUcatus.

Genus RHAMPHADORETUS.
Rhamphadoretus, Ohaus, Deutsche Eut. Zeits. 1912, p. 418,
Type, Adorehis minutulus, Brenske (E. Africa).

Range. India, Ceylon, E. Africa.

Small and rather convex, with the ciypeus rounded and the
eyes moderately large. Labrum short and triangular at its
anterior face, not serrated at the sides, the median process not
very long, but acute at the apex. Mandibles well-developed,
blunt, rounded at the apex and separated by the labrum. Maxilla
armed with two sharp teeth and one longer blunt one lying
between the two ; palpi long and slender. Mentum broad,
angulate or minutely emarginate at the middle of the front
margin ; palpi very short. Antennae 10-jointed. Front tibia
strongly tridentate. Claws very unequal, the longer one of the
front and middle feet minutely cleft at the apex.

($ . The eyes are larger and more prominent than in the

female.

A species, R. eJirenbergi, has been described by Dr. Ohaus from
Arabia, which might be supposed to form the link between the
Indian and African species of Rhamphadoretus, but it is really a
quite different insect, which must be eventually placed in another
genus. The two Indian species differ from the more numerous
African forms in the sliape of the maxilla, which in the latter
bears four nearly equal sharp teeth, whereas in R. sorex and
suillus there are two short sharp teeth and a longer blunt lobe
arising between and behind them, and appearing as if separately
articulated.

This genus is extremely close to Trigonostomum, but the form
is rather more short and compact, and the labrum is devoid of
teeth at the edges.

RHAMPHAUOBETUS. 291

Keij to the Species.

Dark, closely pubescent, not shining sorex, Oh.

Light, shining, very sparsely setose suillus, sp. n.

311. Rhamphadoretus sorex.

Rhaniphadoretus sorex, Oliaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1912, p. 4:24.

" Blackish brown, with the femora yellow.

" Kather narrow and convex. Clypeus semicircular, finely
margined, closely and finely granulated, opaque ; clypeal snture
scarcely visible, straight. Forehead granulated and opaque in
front, more sparsely punctured behind, like the vertex, and clothed
with greyish yellow hair. Pronotum closely and finely punctured,
with a greyish yellow hair in each puncture. Scutellum and
elytra closely and rugosely punctured and setose, with the hairs
rather longer near the extremities and with only slight vestiges
of smooth costsB traceable here and there. Pygidium rather
convex, moderatel}^ evenly punctured and shortly hairy. Claws
rather short, those of the front and middle feet not very unequal,
the inner hind claw very small and slender.

" The female is unknown.

" Lenr/th, 7 mm. ; breadth, 3 mm.

" Cexlon."

Tyije in the Berlin Museum ; co-type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

1 have not seen this species.

312. Rhamphadoretus suillus, sp. nov.

Testaceous yellow, with the forehead, the pronotum (except the
sides), scutellum, sutural edges of the elytra, and the tarsi brown
or I'eddish.

It is ovate, not very elongate, convex, smooth and shining, the
upper surface coarsely and not closely punc-
tured, with extremely minute, very sparse,
inconspicuous pale setse. The head is finely
and not closely transversely strigose, the
clypeus semicircular, with its margin strongly
I reflexed. The pronotum is convex, coarsely
and irregularly punctured, with the sides
evenly rounded, the front angles almost
right angles and the hind angles very obtuse.
The elytra are also rather coarsely and not
closely punctured and bear three slightly

_ „, , elevated costae ; the scattered setae are a

adorefus millus^'s. ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^. together near the margins. The
pygidium is clothed, like the lower surface
of the body, with rather longer and closer hairs. The front tibia
is armed with three strong and sharp teeth.

S . The eyes are very large and the clypeus small. The longer
claw of the front and middle feet is extremely minutely cleft
above the tip.

2 . The head is much smaller, and the tarsi are much shorter,

u 2

292 RUTELINiE.

tlian in the male. The longer claw of tlie front and middle feet is
widely cleft at the tip.

Length, 6"5-9 mm. ; breadth, 3-5 mm.

Bengal: Pusa, Cliapra (June to Oct.).

Type in the British Museum.

Genus SCAPHORRHINADORETUS.

Scuphorrhinado) ef.us, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1912, p. 426.
Type, Scajjhorrhinadoretus himaculatus, Ohaus.

Range. S. India, Andaman Islands.

Form broadly elongate and dt^pressed. Clypeus semicircular,
with broad reflexed niargin and strongly carinate suture. Eyes
prominent, moderately large. Labruin (iig. 59 c) short, with a
strongly developed, curved median process, acuminate at the apex,
broad and flat at the base, its broadest part a little beyond the point
of origin and its lateral margins a little raised. Mandibles not
meeting, strongly developed, not toothed, the apical part bent at
a right angle. Maxilla 3-dentate, the innermost tooth small and
sharp ; palpi long" and slender. Labium short, notched in the
middle. Antenna 10-jointed, with the club long in the male. Legs
moderately long, the front tibia strongly trideutate, the a])ical
tooth long and remote from the others, the uppermost tooth very
small, but separated by a deep notch from the second. Claws
very unequal, longer claw of front and middle feet deeply cleft.

(S . The cleft front and middle claws have the inner branch
much shorter than the outer.

Only a single species has been described. The uiiique specimen
from the Andaman Is. noticed by Ohaus in the Copenhagen
Museum probably represents a second.

313. Scaphorrhinadoretus bimaculatus.

Scaphorrhinadoretus himaculatus, Ohaus,* 1. c. p. 509.

Pale testaceous, shining, with the vertex of the head and the
extreme margins of the clypeus, protborax and elytra dark brown,
and a large patch on each side of the pronotum, and sometimes
the dorsal i)art of the elytra, reddish chestnut. The legs and
lower surface are pale. The upper surface is very thinly clothed
with minute white setae, arranged in longitudinal rows ujion the
elytra. The pygidiura is clothed with longer, erect but not thick
hair, and the lower surface is almost naked.

The clypeus and forehead are rather coarsely and rugosely
punctured. The pronotum is short, rather convex, with deep,
thinly but uniformly distributed punctures ; the lateral margins
are strongly and regularly rounded, and the hind angles are
scarcely traceable. The scutellum bears a few indistinct punc-
tures, and the elytra are coarseh^and moderately closely punctured,

LISSADOEETUS. 293

with the primary costae fairly well marked, but not elevated.
The pygidium is rather finely and closely punctured, and the
metasternum scantily.

J, The club of the antenna is very long.

5 , Broader and more oval in shape ; the eyes are smaller and
less prominent, and the front tibia is shorter and broader, with
stronger teeth.

Length, 8 mm.; breadth, 4 mm.

Madras : Madura, Trichinopoli, Pondicherry, Madras.

Type, in Dr. Ohaus' collection ; co-type in the British Museum.

Genus LISSADORETUS.
Type, Lissadoretus pallidus, sp. nov.

Range. Punjab.

Body rather parallel-sided but not long, with the upper surface
shining and clotlied only with minute and scanty, hardly per-
ceptible hairs, the lower surface rather more closely hairy. Head
rather broad, but with the eyes far apart and not large in propor-
tion, Clypeus broad and subrectangular, the margin rounded, but
not uniformly, with an indication of front angles. Labrum with
a broad, flat, smooth and shining process, overlapping the mentum
at the end, where it is rounded and not truncate. Mentum very
broad, with the front edge strongly chitinised and bluntly bidentate
on each side, broadly emarginate in the middle ; the palpi placed
far apart. Maxilla armed with three short terminal teeth bent
at right angles ; palpus sliort, with a lai'ge pear-shaped terminal
joint. Mandible strong, blunt and rounded at the extremity.
Antenna 10-jointed, but the seventh joint almost invisible.
Prosternal process short and rounded. Legs fairly slender ;
front tibia armed with three strong teeth, hind tibia broadest at
the extremity.

S . More elongate, with the eyes larger and more prominent,
the antennae rather long, and the longer front and middle claws
minutely cleft.

5 • Broad and convex, with the eyes not at all prominent, the
antenna3 short and all the claws simple.

This genus has a distinctive appearance due especially to the
remoteness of the eyes, which are rather small relatively to the
width of the head. The process of the labrum has also a peculiar
form, being quite smooth, flat and shining, without any teeth at
the margins and rounded at the end. Another unique peculiarity
is found in the claws, which are all undivided in the female only.

314. Lissadoretus pallidus, sp. nov.

Pale yellow, with the tarsi and the extreme edges of the head,
pronotum and elytra brown.

The body is rather smooth and shining, only clothed on its
upper surface with very scanty and inconspicuous minute white

294

BUTELIN^.

setae, which are a little closer and longer upon the pygidium and
lower surface. It is rather parallel-sided and moderately convex.
The head is rugulose, the clypeus broad,
with a strongly reflexed margin. Tlie pro-
notum is short and broad, much broader
than the head across the eyes, with deep,
rather scattered punctures, the lateral mar-
gins strongly rounded, the hind angles
scarcely traceable. The scutellum bears a
few punctures, and the elytra are rather
strongly but not rugulosely punctured, with
distinct double lines of punctures. The
pygidium is clotlied with very fine, mode-

^. „r T- 1 4 o rately close hair. The front tibia is armed
Fig. 65.—Lzssadoretus •'

pallidum, 6. ''''*^' ^'^''^^ ''^7 '?^''^'}S t«^^^-

6 . The pygidium is rather closely clothed,

but the apical part is devoid of hair and has a rounded elevation

in the middle. The front angles of the prothorax are very

obtuse. The reflexed margin of the clypeus has a very slight, and

sometimes imperceptible, notch in the middle.

5 . The pronotum is very broad and its front angles are slightly
acute. The pygidium is less thickly clothed, with a bare median
line.

Length, 9-10 mm.; breadth, 4-5-5-5 mm.

Punjab: Taru, Peshawar Distr. {T. Bainbrigge Fletcher, May),
Laiiore (July), Khanewali {T. B. Fletcher, Aug.).

Tgpe in the British Museum.

This insect appears to resemble Pseudadorefus (subg. Ejxidoretvs)
reiiteri, 8em., a smaller species from Turkestan, but tlie structural
differences are important.

Genus PSEUDADORETUS.

Pseudadoreius, ^Gmeno\, Horse Soc. Ent. Ross, xxiv, 1890, p. 202 ;
Reitter, Verb. Nat. Ver. Briinii, xli, 1903, p. 33.

Type, Pseudadoretus dihitellus, Sem.

Range. Western Asia.

Ovate, rather compact and convex, and almost without hairy
clothing. Integument very thin and uniformly pale in colour,
with the eyes and mouth-parts alone dark. Head large, witli the
eyes very prominent and the clypeus uniformly rounded. Pro-
notum very small, narrower than the elytra at the shoulders.
Elytra smooth, shining and semitransparent. Front and middle
legs with fringes of long hairs ; the front tibia armed with three
sharp teeth, the middle tibia rather slender, the hind tibia dilating
regularly from base to extremity, where it is very broad ; tarsi
moderately slender, with all the claws simple, slender and very
unequal. Labrum strongly serrated on each side of its posterior
part and produced anteriorly into a very smooth, flat and broad
process, dilated at the base and before the extremity and without

PSEUDADORETUS. 295

teeth at the edges. Maxilla short, broad at the end, where it is
armed with three very strong short bluut teeth ; palpus clubbed,
the last joint very large aud ovate. Meutum broad, broadly
emarginate at the front margin, with the palpi placed far apart.
Mandibles completely separated by the process of the labrum.

d . The eyes are rather larger aud more prominent than those
of the female, the pygidium is large and exposed, and the abdomen
flat. The antennae are 10-jointed.

5 . The pygidium is small and almost covered, and the abdomen
very convex. Tlie antennae are 9-jointed.

The many jieculiarities of Pseudadoretus show an evident
specialisation for existence in desert country. From the almost
complete loss of the hairy clothing and the diluted hind tibiae it
may be assumed that it has acquired unusual burrowing powers.
As characterised by Reitter, Pseadadoretus is a composite genus,
not sufficiently distinguished from Adoretus.

315. Pseudadoretus dihit alius.

Pseudadoretus dilutellus, Sem., HoraB Soc. Ent. Ross, xxiv, 1890,
p. 203.

Very pale semitransparent testaceous yellow, with the eyes and
mouth- parts alone dark, the body smooth and shining, the head
and pronotum clothed with minute and inconspicuous erect setae.

It is moderately short and convex in shape. The clypeus is
prominent, not broad, evenly rounded, and densely aud rugosely
punctured, the forehead rather more coai-sely. The pronotum is
feeblv punctured in the middle and rather more strongly towards
the sides, longest in the middle, becoming very short at the sides,
which are strongly rounded, with the front angles right angles
and the hind angles quite obsolete. The elytra are a little wider
at the shoulders than the pronotum and gently dilate to beyond
the middle ; they are minutely, irregularly and not closely punc-
tured, the double rows representing the primary costae being
scarcelj^ traceable.

S . The pygidium is vertical, smooth and shining, witli a tuft
of erect hairs at the middle of the base.

9 . The pygidium is very short and almost entirely hidden by
the elytra.

Length, 7-9 mm.; breadth, 3-5-4*5 mm.

Baluchistam ; Bokhara.

Type in M. Semenov's collection.

Genus ADORETUS.

Adoretus, Cast., Hist. iVat. Ins. ii, 1840, p. 142 : Burm., Handb. Ent.

iv, 1, 1844, p. 467 ; Lacord., Gen. Col. iii, 185G, p. 381.
Zepadoretus, Reitt., Verh. Nat. Ver. Briinn, xli, 1903, p. 30.
Prionadoretus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 512.
Subg. Chatadoretus, Ohaus, 1. c. p. 471.

296

KUTELIN^.

Type, Adoretus hirtellus. Cast. (Tropical Africa).

Range. S.E. Europe, Asia, Africa and Madagascar.

Variable in form, but generally elongate and rather depressed.
Clothed above and beneath with short hairs, setce or scales, which
may be dense, scattered or aggregated into numerous small
patches, and sometimes interspersed with a few longer erect
hairs. Head very variable in size, sometimes verv broad, with
large and prominent eyes. Clypeus large or small, generally
more or less semicircular, occasionally slightly emarginate in the
middle. Labrum vertical and produced in tlie middle as a long
incurved rostrum, truncated at the end, where it meets the
mentum, and finely serrated on each side. Mandibles short and
stout, separated by the rostrum, each having a large basal molar
and a broad rounded external ramus. Maxilla short and stout,
with a strongly chitinised lobe provided with about four very
strong short teeth set obliquely ; the palpi rather long. Mentum
short and broad, deeply emarginate at the middle of the anterior
edge and deeply constricted at the sides for the insertion of the
palpi. Antennae normally 10-jointed, in a few species 9-jointed.
Pronotum short and scutellum small. Prosternum sometimes
forming a well-elevated vertical process behind the front coxae.
Elytra closely, not serially punctured, with more or less visible
narrow sutural, lateral and tliree discoidal costae ; apical angles
generally rounded off. The uniformity in the sculpture of the
elytra is a rather characteristic feature. In certain species there
is a peculiar smooth opaque lateral border (epipleura), due to the
enlargement of the usually narrow reflexed part of the elvtron,
which in most species is only conspicuous near the shoulder.
When dilated in this way (as in A. renardi, ejnpleia^alis, etc.) the
epipleura has always a very different texture from the remainder
of the surface, from which it is separated by a very sharp caiina.

The pygidium is generall}'- clothed with erect hairs, which are
short at the base and become gradually longer towards the most
prominent part, sometimes forming a distinct tuft. The sides of
the abdomen are generally evenly rounded, but in a certain
number of the species there is a special modification which appears
to have the object of securing an extra close contact between the
outer edges of the elytra and the body beneath. A sharp con-
tinuous ledge runs along each side on the line corresponding with
the lateral mai'gin of the elytron, and the posterior edge of the
penultimate dorsal segment is similarly elevated. But this
posterior ledge does not follow the line of the margin of the
segment to the side, where it meets the lateral margin at an
angle, but cutting across the angle curves forward to meet the
lateral carina. In the small triangle so cut off on each side of
the propygidium lies the last spiracle, which thus has the appear-
ance of lying outside the segment to which it belongs. In a few
species (e. g. Adoretus hicaudatus, vitticauda and nephriticus) the
spiracle is not outside the short connecting ridge, but stands
actually in it. If the presence or absence of this abdominal

ADOKETFS, 297

ridge is not easily visible, it may be readily made so by slightly
raising at its extremity the elytron through which the specimen
is not pinned. Tins peculiar structure, which is found in all
those species just mentioned as having smooth opaque epipleurae
to the elytra, as well as in certain others, is evidently of some
importance in relation to the habits of tlie species. Obviously it
may be useful for insects which habitually conceal themselves
underground to possess a special means of excluding earthy par-
ticles from the cavity containing the wings and most of the
spiracles, but we do not at present know of any particular in
which those Adoreti not possessing this feature differ in habits
from those possessing it.

The front tibia bears three external teeth and is sometimes
finely sei'rated above them. The tarsi are generally moderately
slender, but the hind ones may be short and compact. The claws
are very unequal, the inner front and outer middle and hind ones
very long, and the first and second cleft at the tip. In the male
the cleft is generally very minute, at a little distance from the
apex, and sometimes not very easily seen. In Adoretus minutus,
Brenske, the longer claw of all the feet is cleft, and in the four
anterior feet the cleft is very conspicuous and the inner branch
of the claw rather dilated. In A. nasaJis, Arrow, and species
allied to it, the claws are not cleft.

In the male Adoretus the pygidium is moderately large and
exposed, and the abdomen is flat or a little hollowed beneath.
In the female the pygidium is much shorter, while the last ventral
segment is correspondingly large, and the terminal part of the
abdomen is very convex beneath. The eyes are generally larger
in the male than in the female and the clypeus smaller, and in
some species (as in A. versutus, Har.) the difference so produced
between the tA\o sexes is very marked.

Certain of the Indian species included here in the genus
Adoretus have been separated by Keitter and Ohaus under the
names Lepadoretus, Gluxtadoretus and Prionadoretns. Lepadoretus
is distinguished only by the clothing consisting of scales instead
of hairs or setae, and Chcetadorctus by the occurrence of a few
longer erect hairs placed singly amongst those on the el^ tra.
The difference between hairs and scales is <(uite indefinite, and
the scattered erect seise make their appearance by such imper-
ceptible degi'ees that they seem to me equally unsuited to provide
a line of demarcation, Prionadoretns is characterised by the
edges of the produced labruin being deeply, instead of slightly,
indented ; but this again is found in diflferent degrees of develop-
ment, and Ohaus has not mentioned that one of the commonest
Indian Adoreti, A. Ihnhatus, BL, has the lubrum of the Prion-
adoretns type. A more important feature of that species in my
opinion is tiie reduction in the number of joints to the antenna.
Another new species, A. nasalis, closely related to the typical
Prionadoretus, has all the claws simple and the labrum bears a
very peculiar crest, unlike anything known elsewhere. For the

298

KUTELIN^.

present I preFer, instead of making yet more genera, to retain all
these forms in the great genus Adoretus.

Tlie very numerous species of Adordus are almost all dull-
coloured inconspicuous insects. With few exceptions they appear
to be nocturnal \\\ their habits, emerging at night to feed upon
foliage. Several of the common Indian species have been found
in considerable numbers feedhig upon roses, cannas, vines, man-
goes, and other cultivated plants, while their larvae have been
found in the soil at the roots of these and other plants, and the
adults also conceal themselves beneath the surface soil during
the day. They are therefore not often seen, in spite of their
abundance, except when attracted into houses by light.

1

(6

2

(^

3

(^)

4

(5

5

(4)

6

(1)

(8.

9

(12)

10

(li;

11

(10)

12

(9)

18

(20)

14 (1.5)

15

(14)

16

(19)

17

(IB)

18

(17

19

(16)

20

m

21 (32

22 (31

23 (24

24 (23

25 (26

26 (25

27 (30

28 (29

29 (28

Key to the Species.

Clypeus with several lobes iu front.

Hiud legs very short and thick ; [p. 302.

elytral clothing close and speckled . co?-onattis, Bm-m.,
Hind legs moderately lonir ; elj'tral

clothing thin and uniform. [p. 303.

Elytral setse in longitudinal lines. . . . seviesetosus, sp. n.,

Elytral setaj scattered lobiceps, sp. n., p. 303.

Clypeus not lobed.

Clypeus deeply excised in front ( 5

unknown) exa'sus, Oh., p. 304.

Clypeal margin simply rounded (very

feebly sinuated in a few males only).
Antennae 9-jointed.

Dark, not striped ; closely hairy .... mi/iutus, Brens., p. 305.
Pale, with dark stripes ; very thinly

setose limhnttis, Bl., p. 305.

Antennae 10-jointed.
Scutelluui very densely clothed with
white setae.

Clothing dense, scaly at the sides .... evminevs, Arr., p. 306.
Clothing not dense or scaly.
Elytral setae not forming clusters.

Setae short above leo, Arr., p. 307.

Setae long above dtipUcatus, sp. n ,p. 308.

Elytral setae forming clusters mavis, Arr., p. 309.

Scutellum not more densely setose

than elytra.
Elytra having small alternating patches

of more densely and more sparsely

aggregated setse.
Apical calli of the elytra tufted.
Outer edge of the front tibia serrated [p. 310.

above the teeth (larger species) .... bombinator, Burm.,
Outer edge of the front tibia not

serrated above (small species).
Pygidium with two very dense and

prominent hair-tufts bicmidatus, Arr., p. 310.

Pygidium without paired liair-tufts.

Pronotum not very short. [p. 311.

Clypeus rather large compi'essus, Wied.,

Clypeus rather small vitticauda, Arr., p. 312.

ADOKETUS. 299

30 (27) Pronotiim very short areatus, Oil., p. 312,

31 (22) Apical calli not tufted birmanus, Arr., p. 313.

32 (21) Elytra without denser aggregations of

setae.

33 (50) Outer edge of the front tibia serrated

in its basal part.

34 (45) Two upper teeth of the front tibia not

divided by an acute mitch.

35 (38) Elytra without prominent tufted apical

calli.

36 (87) Clypeus small lacnstris, sp. n., p. 314.

37 (36) Clypeus large flarus, sp. n., p. 315.

38 (35) Apical calli of elytra prominent and

tufted.

39 (40) Clypeus very broad buop^i, Wied., p. 316.

40 (39) Clypeus not very broad.

41 (42) Upper surface clothed with close-lying [p. 316.

■'^'itae fratn-cnlns, sp. n.,

42 (41) Upper surface rather thinly clothed

with minute scales.

43 (44) Large species ; without prominent

costae upon the elytra (/etmnifer, sp. n., p. 31 7.

44 (43) Small species ; with prominent elytral

^ costse '. . . . cofitopilosus, Oh., p. 318.

45 (34) Two upper teeth of the front tibia

divided by an acute notch.

46 (47) Clothing of the upper surface not very

spai'se ". serratipes, Arr.. p. 319.

47 (46) Clothing of the upper surface very

sparse.

48 (49) Longer claw of the front and middle

feet cleft testaceus, Hope, p. 320.

49 (48) All the claws simple nasalis, sp. n., p. 320.

60 (33j Outer edge of the front tibia not ser-
rated in its basal part.

51 (58) Two upper teeth of the front tibia

divided by an acute notch.

52 (53) IJody very elongate and depressed . . lemniscm, Arr . p 321

53 (52) Body short and stout.

64 (55) Ventral segments tuberculate in the

middle celogaster, Arr., p. 322.

65 (54) Ventral segments not tuberculate.

66 (57) Punctures of m

(5/) Punctures of pronotum fine, setas

miuute corpulentus, Arr. ,-^.S2S.

57 (56) Punctures of pronotum larger, seiai

longer tener, Arr., p. 323.

58 (51) Two upper teeth of the front tibia not

divided by an acute notch.

59 (84) Abdomen with a continuous carina

coinciding with the outer margins
of the elytra.

60 (71) Elytra with wide opaque epipleurse.

61 (64) Pronotum shining, rather coarsely and

not densely punctured.

62 (63) Front angles of the pronotum not

produced renardi, Brens., p. 324.

63 (62) Front angles of the pronotum acutely [p. :325.

produced ' epipleuralis, Arr..

300 RUTELINJE.

64 (61) Pronotiim densely punctured, not

shining-.

65 (70) Elytra \\itliout a dark sutural stripe.

66 (69) Forehead rugose.

67 (68) Sutural angles of the elytra rounded ariel, sp. n., p. 326.

68 (67) Sutural angles of the elytra sharp. . victories, Arr., p. .326.

69 (66) Forehead distinctly punctured .... vidpeculus,f--^.\\.,T^.^27.

70 (65) Elytra with a dark sutural stripe . . plewalis, Oh., p. 328.

71 (60) Elytra without wide opat[ue epi-

pleui'te.

72 (73) Elytral epipleura; moderately wide, [p. 328.

but not opaque bimarginatus, Oh.,

73 (72) Elytrawithoutcontinuousepipleuree.

74 (81) Body densely clothed above.

75 (80) Rather depressed ; uniformly co-

loured above.

76 (77) Very pale ; clypeus large simplex, Sharp, p. 329.

77 (76) Not very pale ; clypeus small.

78 (79) Eather large (cj', clypeus semi-

circular) sitighalensis, Oh., p. 330.

79 (78) Eatiier small ( S , clypeus gently

emargiuate in front) nephriticus, Oh., p. 330.

80 (75) Convex; margins pale affinis, sp. n., p. 331.

81 (74) Rather shining and not densely

clothed above ; seta3 very minute.

82 (83) Uniform pale yellow in colour .... debilis, sp. u., p. 332.

83 (82) Head and prouotum dark, with

paler margins. . . , incurvatus, Oh., p. 332.

84 (59) Abdomen without a continuous

carina coinciding with the outer
edges of the elytra.

85 (96) Upper surface shining, very thinly

sprinkled with minute set;e.

86 (89) Shape rather long and narrow.

87 (88) Punctures of the pronotum very

coarse nitidus, Arr., p. 333.

88 (87) Punctures of the pronotum not very

coarse pallens, BL, p. 334.

89 (86) Not long and narrow.

90 (93) Elytra without a dark sutural stripe.

91 (92) Clypeus very small ; eyes very pro-

minent UtJiohius, Oh., p. 335.

92 (91) Clypeus and eyes moderate ladakanus, Oh., p. 335.

93 (90) Elytra with a broad dark sutural

stripe.

94 (95) Front angles of the pronotum pro-

duced stoliczka, Oh., p. 336.

95 (94) Front angles of the pronotum not [p. 337.

produced kanarcmds, sp. n.,

96 (86) Closely clothed and not shining

above.

97 (120) Colour uniform above (rather dark).

98 (99) Elytra coarsely rugose, not punc-

tured rugosus, Arr,, p. 337.

99 (98) Elvtra punctured.

100 (101) Head and eyes small ovalis, Bl., p. 338.

101 (100) Head and eyes not small.

ADORETUS. 301

102 (111) Clothing of the elytra, interspersed

with a few long erect hairs.

103 (106) Pronotiim closely aud confluently

puuctured.

104 (105) Legs very pale; shorter hind claw

minute sorex, sp. n., p. 339.

105 (104) Legs not very pale ; shorter hiud

claw of moderate leugth cribratus, y\^h.itQ, p. 339.

106 (103) Pronotum distinctly, not conflu-

ently, puuctured.

107 (110) Pygidium clothed with long hair.

108 (109) Femora and tibiae dark lasius, Oh., p. 340.

109 (108) Femora and tibiae pale posticalis, sp. n., p. 340.

110 (107) Pygidium clothed with moderately

short hair furcifer, Oh., p. 341.

111 (102) Elytra without long erect hairs

interspersed.

112 (117) Prouoium distinctly puuctured.

113 (116) Elytral clothing dense; apical calli

not tufted.

114 (115) Pronotum not densely punctured,

hind angles distinct nndrewesi, Oh., p. 342.

115 (114) Pronotum densely punctured, hind

angles obliterated plebejus, sp. n., p. 342.

116 (113) Elytral clothing not dense ; apical

calli bearing minute white tufts . . duvauceli, BL, p. 343.

117 (112) Pronotum microscopically rugulose

or granular.

118 (119) Shorter hind claw more than half as

long as the longer one horticola, sp. n., p. 344.

119 (118) Shorter hind claw less than half as [p. 344.

long as the longer one punjabensis, sp. n.,

120 (97) Upper surface not uniformly dai-k-

coloured.

121 (124) Rather depressed, long and narrow.

122 (123) Very small, with rather coarse

pubescence nms, Arr., p. 345.

123 (122) Larger, with fine pubescence distinguemlus, Arr.,

124 (121) Oval and convex. [p. 346.

125 (128) Bright yellow^, with the head red. [p. 346.

126 (127j Broadly oval erythrocephalus, F.,

127 (126) More cylindrical hicolor, Brens., p. 347.

128 (125) Not bright yellow.

129 (132) Pale, with a well-defined dark

sutural stripe.

130 (131) Pronotum densely puuctured deccinus, Oh., p. 347.

131 (130) Pronotum moderately closely punc-

tured suhiralis, Arr., p. 348.

132 (129) Without a well-defined sutural

stripe.

133 (136) Pronotum rather coarsely punctured.

134 (135) Pronotum less closely punctured at (_p. 349.

the sides than in the middle .... lasiopygus, Burm.,

135 (134) Pronotum less closely puuctured in

the middle than at the .-^ides .... versutus, Har., p. 350.

136 (133) Pronotum finely punctured.

137 (140) Head relatively large; pronotum

very short.

302 nuTELiN^,

138 (139) Colour dark, with lig-hter sides .... latirostris, Oh., p. 352.

139 (138) Colour red, with pale testaceous

elytra infans, Arr., p. 352.

140 (137) Head and pronotura moderate.

141 (146) Upper surface not opaque.

142 (143) Hind angles of the pronotum com-

pletely obliterated feminalis, Arr., p. 353.

143 (142) Hind angles of the pronotum not

completely obliterated.

144 (145) Punctures of the pronotum separate, [p. 353.

small and regular henyalensis, Brens.,

145 (144) Punctures of the pronotum rather

larger and more confused ^jms///ms, sp. n., p. 354.

146 (141) Upper surface opaque, sculpture

extremely fine and dense.

147 (148) Pronotum densely punctured fusciceps, sp. n., p. 355.

148 (147) Pronotum finely granulated caUginosus, Burm.,

[p. 355.

The followiug five species, which are unknown to me, are not
included in the preceding tabulation, but translations of the
original descriptions are appended at the end : —

Adoretus brachi/pygtis, Burm., A . progrediens , Ohaus, A. silonicus^
Ohaus, A. gymnotoi^us, Ohaus, A. nietneri, Ohaus,

Adoretus manicuhts, poly acanthus, and peregrlnus, Ohaus, de-
scribed in the same treatise as those last mentioned, and said to
inhabit the East Indies, are omitted on account of the uncertain
significance of that expression.

316. Adoretus coronatus.

Adoretus coronatus, Burm., Handb. Ent. iv. 2, 1855, p. 533.

Uniform dark brown, clothed with yellowish setge, interspersed
with a few longer erect ones, which also form tufts upon the very
prominent apical calli, before and behind which there are denuded
patches.

It is very long, narrow and parallel-sided. The head is granu-
lated ; the eyes are large and prominent ; the clypeus has rather
parallel sides and a strongly reflexed margin,
which is gently notched in the middle and
rather prominent on each side of the notch.
The pronotum is rather uneven, strongly and
very closely punctured, with its sides nearly
straight and parallel in front, the front angles
acute and the hind angles rounded away. The
scutellum and elytra are strongly and closely
punctured, and the costse very indistinct ; the
T '^SKF f apical calli are transverse and very prominent.
^ The front tibia is distinctlj^ serrated in its

Fig Q<d.— Adoretus upper part and near the extremity bears four
coronatus. S- small sharp teeth, the third smaller than the
other three, and rather remote from the second
but verv close to the fourtli, from which it is separated by an

ADOKETUS. 303

acute notch. The antennae are 10-jointed and the first to the
sixth joints are elongate. The longer claw of the front and
middle feet is cleft, and the shorter claw of the hind foot is
minute (less than half as long as the longer one). The hind tibia
is rather inflated and the hind tarsus rather short and thick.

I have not seen a female.

Length, 8-10 mm. ; breadth, 3'5-4'5 ram.

Burma: Tharrawaddy (6r, Q. Corhett), Teinzo {L. Fea, May),
Victoria Point {E. T. Atlinson, Aug.) ; Assam : Sylhet.

TifjJe in the Halle Museum.

317. Adoretus seriesetosus, sp. nov.

Leaden-black in colour, with the legs and lower surface tinged
with red, and moderately closely clothed above and beneath with
short white setae, of which those upon the elytra are arranged in
longitudinal lines.

It is moderately elongate and depressed in form, and slightly
shining. The head is broad, with large and prominent eyes, and
the clypeus broadly transverse, ^^•ith the margin strongly elevated
and produced into two rounded lobes in the middle ; the wliole
surface of the head is sculptured, but not very closely, with trans-
verse crescent-shaped impressions. The prouotum is coarsely and
not closely punctured, the punctures closer and slightly confluent
at the sides ; tlie latter are strongly rounded, the front angles
acute and the hind angles almost obsolete. The elytra bear
rather deeply impressed pairs of striie, which separate the minute
setae into longitudinal lines ; the alternate intervals are rather
closely and irregularly pitted. The pygidium is clothed with erect
setae, which form a tuft near the base. The antennae are 10-
jointed. The front tibia is armed with three sharp teeth, the
uppermost rather remote from the others and separated by a very
acute notch ; the shorter claw of the hind foot is more than half
the length of the longer.

S . Tlie pygidium is ])ointed and without setae at its apex.

Lengthy 12-13 mm. ; breadth, 6 6-5 mm.

SiND : Karachi (T. R. D. Bell).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in Mr. H. E. Andrewes'
collection.

This species has a remarkably close resemblance to Phceadoretus
comptus, Men. (which inhabits the same region) and can only be
distinguished from it by close examination. The head is broader
and the eyes larger, more prominent and smoother ; the entire
sculpture and clothing are extremely similar, but the sides of the
pronotum are a little less rugose; in the male, the pygidium is
more pointed and smoother at the end.

318. Adoretus lobiceps, sp. nov.

Uniform chocolate -brown, rather shining, with a fine, not very
close clothing of minute short decumbent seta?, which are longer
and closer upon the pygidium and lower surface.

304 RI'TELIN.I,

The body is nither long aud narrow, the head narrow and the
eyes not large. The clypeus is irregularly semicircular, with the
margin well reflexed, the sides parallel, slightly
contracted at the base, the front margin a
little depressed in the middle and gently lobed
on each side. The pronotum is strongly and
coarsely punctured, the front angles nearly
right angles aud the hind angles rounded
away. The scutellum is finely rugose, aud
the elytra are strongly and distinctly punc-
tured, with narrow, rather indistinct costae.
The pygidiuiu is finely rugose and closely
setose, except at the extremity. The setae
'Pig.Ql.—AdoretuR ^^^ erect at the end, but there is no hair-
lobiceps. tuft. The legs are rather slender, the front

tibia armed with three strong teeth equi-
distant from oue another ; the longer claw is very minutely cleft
on the front and middle feet, and on the hind foot the shorter
claw is more than half tlie length of the longer. The antennae
are 10-jointed, not long, and joints 3-6 are of nearly equal
length.

The sexes are similar, but the abdomen of the male is well
arched and that of the female very convex.
Lewjth, 11-5-13 mm. ; breadth, 5-5-6 mm.
Bombay: Surat {H. Maxwell Lt-froy); Central Provinces:
Jabalpur Distr. (Ind. Mus.), Nagpur {E. A. D'Ahreu, June).
Type in the British Museum.
Mr. D'Abi-eu took this upon rose-trees.

319. Adoretus excisns.

Adoretus excisus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 486, fig. 19.

S. "Elongate-oval, rather strongly convex, light red-brown
and moderately shining. Head and thorax with slight metallic
lustre, clothed with short scattered hairs. Clypeus of the c? semi-
circular, with a strougly reflexed black margin, which is almost
semicircularly emarginate in front ; the upper surface, as well as
the forehead aud vertex, rather closely aud conflueutly punctured,
the sculi)ture concealed by the greyish-white decumbent hairs;
a transverse bare area upon the vertex behind. Thorax only a
little more than twice as broad as long, with its hind margin
almost straight, its front margin prominent in the middle, the sides
dilated behind the middle, the blunt hind angles slightly rounded,
aud the rectangular front angles a little produced ; the upper sur-
face strongly and often conflueutly punctured, clothed with short
and rather scanty greyish-white hairs, with a bare spot in the
middle. Upon the elytra the costae are only elevated in freshly
emerged specimens, but the primary double rows of punctures are
regular and the punctures in the intervals mostly arranged in
rows, with quite fine transverse wrinkles aud microscopically fine

ADOEETUS. 305

puuctulatioii betwet-a them, at least on the disc ; from the latter
arise the white or greyish-white scale-hke hairs; the epipleurse
are nanw and rather short. The pygidium is broad and ratlier
convex, with scattered punctures and sparse short hairs. Le'^s
rather strong; front legs with three sharp teeth, middle and liind
tibiae with two sharp transverse spinose carinae.

Length, 11-12 mm. ; breadth, 5-0-5 mm.

Bombay: Ivhandala, 6,000 ft. (Oct.) ; Centeal India : Nagpur."

Ty2M in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

This species appears to me to be very closely related to
A. nephriticus Ohaus, although put by Ohaus in a different sub-
genus.

320. Adoretus minutus.

Adoretus minutus, Brenske,* Ami. Soc. Ent. Bel<^ xxxvii 1<"<!).3
p. 140. " ' - '

Dark chestnut-red, with the head (except the clypeus) and
pronotum a shade darker, and the antennjB and legs paler. It is
shining and clothed evenly and moderately denselv with very line
greyish hairs, which lie fairly clo.^e.

It is elongate and narrow, the elytra slightly dilating towards
the extremity. The head is relatively large, with strong, coarse
and moderately close punctures, and very shining; the clypeus large
and semicircular, and the eyes large and prominent. The pro-
notum is short, coarsely and rather closely punctured, with the
sides gently rounded, the front angles not sharp and the hind
angles completely rounded off. The scutellum and elytra are
closely punctured, the costae upon the latter not conspicuous ;
the apical calli are not distinctly elevated. The pygidium is
shining, rather thinly and linely 'punctured, and clothed with
moderately long outstanding grey hairs. The antennae are 9-
jonited and slender, the scape moderately long, the second joint
large and elongate, the third about as long as the two succeeding,
the sixth extremely small. The front tibia is moderately long
and armed with three sharp, olilique, rather short teeth, which
are somewhat remote, nearlv equidistant, and the two uppermost
separated by an acute notch ; the upper part of the tibia is
minutely, not closely, serrated; the longer claw of the hind,
as well as the front and middle feet, is cleft.

6 . The longer claws of the front and middle feet are rather
deeply cleft, and the lower division dilated.

I have not seen the $ , and only the <S type specimen.

Length, 8-5 mm. ; breadth, 4 mm.

Bengal : Tetara.

Tgpe in Capt. Moser's collection.

321. Adoretus limbatus. (Plate I, fig. 11.)

Adoretus limhatus, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Ent. Mas. Paris 1851
(1850), p. 233 ; Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 49].'

X

306 EUTELIN^,

Adoretiis plaf/iafug, Burm.,* Ilandb. Ent. iv, iJ, 1855, p. 531.
Adoretusfavoviffatus, Nonfr., Berl. Ent. Zeits. 1891, p. 362.
Adoretus castaneits, Nonfr., 1. c. p. 363 ; Oliaiis, Deutsche Ent.
Zeits. 1911, p. 491.

Deep chocolate-brovvu, with the lower surface, legs, scutelluni
and sides of the pronotum and elytra yellow, and a stripe of the
same colour extending backwards from the shoulder to beyond
the middle of each elytron.

Eather short, broad and nearly parallel-sided, convex above,
rather smooth and shining, and only very sparsely clothed \\ ith
minute setae. The head is large, witli the eyes prominent, but
only moderately large, the clypeus semicircular, almost as wide
as the head, feebly rugulose and setose, and strongly reflexed
at the margin, the forehead moderately punctured and setose.
The pronotum is very short, sparingly but strongly punctin-ed,
with the sides parallel in front, the front angles acute and the
hind angles completely rounded off. The scutellum bears a few
|)unctures, a))d the elytra are rugosely punctured, with feebly
developed costa?, and with minute setae arranged in longitudinal
rows rather remote from one another. The pygidium is coria-
ceous and very thinly clothed with fine erect hairs. The lower
surface is rather more closely but not thickly clothed with
greyish hair. The antennae are slender, 9-jointed, the first joint
long, the second globular, the third, fourth and fifth elongate and
subequal in length, the sixth very short, and the remaining three
forming the club. The front tibiae are armed with three strong
teeth, all the tarsi are slender, and the longer claw of the front
and middle feet is cleft ; the shorter hind claw is more than half
the length of the longer one.

c? . The longer claw of the front and middle feet is only very
feebly cleft and the eyes are rather larger than in the female.

Length, 7-9 mm. ; breadth, 3"5-4-5 mm.

Bengal : Katihar, Purneah Distr. (C. A. Faiva), Calcutta,
Chowringhee (F. II. Gravehj, June), Dacca, Berhampur (£". T. At-
kinson), Maldah (Atl-mson) ; United Provinces : Cawnpore (C. S.
Betton, July) ; Burma: Teinzo (L. Fca, May), 8henmaga (L. Feu,
June), Cacliin Hills {H. L. Stanton), Tharrawaddy and Taung-ngu
{O. Q. Corhett) ; Siam {teste Nonfried).

Type in the Paris Museum ; that of A. plagiatus in the Geneva
Museum ; those of A. jJavovittatus and A. castaneus in Dr. Ohaus'
collection.

322. Adoretus ermineus.

Adoretus ermineus, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914,
p. 588.

'J'estaceous, thickly clothed above with \\hite or pale yellow
scaly decumbent setae, which become gTadually more dense
towards the hinder part of the elyti-a, and are extremely dense
upon the scutellum and the outer margins of the elytra. The

ADOEETUS. 307

pygidium is densely, and the lower surface of the body and the
legs are less densely, clothed with fine hair.

It is elongate-ovate and convex, with a close sculpturing of
the upper surface, which is almost hidden by the scaly covering.
The clypeus is semicircular, the pronotuni moderately rounded at
the sides, with the front angles nearly right angles and the hind
angles obtuse. The elytral cost;ia are feeble and the epipleur®
not developed. There is a sharp continuous carina along each
side of the abdomen, and the hind margin of the propvgidium is
also sharply elevated and united to the lateral carina by a short
ridge on each side which cuts off the last spiracle. The carina
thus formed exactly coincides with the outer edges of the elytra.
The front tibia bears three not very strong external teeth, the
longer claw is minutely cleft in the front and middle feet, and
the shorter claw of the hind foot is less than half the length
of the other. The antennae are 10-jointed, joints 3-5 equal,
6 longer.

d . The clypeus is small, and the eyes very prominent but not
very large. The pygidium is clothed with long erect hairs, which
converge to form a pointed conical tuft.

2 ■ The pygidium has a small depression at its apex, and the
hairy covering is not long or erect.

Length, 12-14 mm. ; breadth, 5"5-7 mm.

Cetlox : Madulsima {E. E. Green) ; Kalupahani, near Haldam-
muUa.

Tyije in the British Museum.

3:^3. Adoretus leo.

AdoreUis leo, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911, p. 364.

Chestnut-red with the elytra bright yellow, except the margins,
which are rather broadly red externally and very narrowly along
the base and suture. The head and prothorax are lightly metallic.

The body is moderately elongate, convex and clothed with
decumbent whitish setae, A^hich are rather scanty above, except
on the scutellum, the apical margins of the elytra and the
pygidium : there are also a few scattered erect hairs. The
clypeus is fairly large, rugose, with the margin semicircular,
and the forehead is strongly and closely punctured. The pro-
notum is moderately short, coarsely and closely punctured, with
the sides rounded, the front angles acute and the hind angles
obtuse. The scutellum is moderately closely punctured and
setose, and the elytra are rather lightly punctured, except at the
sides, with slightly indicated double rows of regular punctures.
The pygidium is finely punctured ; the sides of the metasternum
are closely pitted and the middle smooth. There is a sharp
continuous carina extending along each side of the abdomen
and coinciding with the outer margin of the elytra. The pos-
terior edge of tlie propvgidium is also sharply raised and united

x2

308 lltJTELIN.5;.

to the abdominal carina by a short ridge wliich cuts off the angle
containing the last spiracle on each side.

6 . The front tibia bears two sharp teeth and a very feeble
upper one, and the pygidium is convex, with an almost smooth
area at the apex.

$ . Tlie front ti!)ia has three teeth ; the pygidium is flattened
and slightly emarginate at the apex.

The clypeus scarcely differs in the two sexes.

Length, 12-13 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Ceylon : Ohiya (E. E. Green, Nov.).

Type in the British Museum.

324. Adoretus duplicatus, sp. nov. (Plate V, figs. 12 & 13.)

Eeddish brown, with the elytra, femora and tibise yellowish,
the margins ot the elytra and the tarsi red-brown, the forehead
and more or less ot" the pronotum dark brown and faintly
suffused with a greenish or reddish metallic lustre. The whole
surface is clothed with rather long white hairs, which are very
dense upon the scutellum and pygidium and rather scanty upon
the elytra, except at the lateral and apical margins.

It is elongate-oval, convex and rather shining. The head
is small, with the clypeus semicircular, densely rugose, and its
anterior margin strongly reflexed ; the forehead is strongly
punctured. The protiotum is coarsely, sparingly and irregularly
punctured, but a little more closely towards the sides, which
are rounded, the front angles nearly right angles and the hind
angles very obtuse. The elytra are strongly and distinctly
punctured, with narrow, well-marked, but scarcely elevated
costse ; the clothing is very sparse near the suture, but becomes
more abundant towards the sides and apices, and the three or
four longitudinal costse bear rows of longer erect wliite bristles
placed far apart. The prosternum is strongly elevated behind
the front coxas, and the shorter hind claw is much less than
half the length of the longer one.

(5 . The eyes are very prominent, the clypeus smaller, more
finely rugose and closely hairy. The pygidium is long and
densely clothed, except at the apex, with long erect hair, which
is longest in the middle. The front tibia is armed with three
very short but sharp teeth, placed near the exti*emity ; the
claws are very unequal, and the longer one of the front and
middle feet very minutely cleft at a distance from the apex.
The club of the antenna is long.

2 . The body is relatively shorter, more oval and less closely
pubescent ; the eyes are smaller, the clypeus larger and more
coai'sely rugose ; the teeth of the front tibia are less sharp and
more obli(iae, and the tarsi are shorter, with the longer claw
of the front and middle feet cleft at the apex. The pygidium is
short and thinly pubescent.

Lenqih, 14 mm. ; breadth, 6*o-7 mm.

ADOEETUS. 309

Ceylon : JPattipola {E. E. Green, May).

Type in the British Museum.

1 know only one specimen of each sex.

This species reproduces in almost every detail the superficial
characters of Triffonostomam iirsus, Arr., another Ceylonese insect
to which It bears so extraordinarily close a resemblance as to
preclude the idea of a mere convergence of characters. Tlie form,
colouring, clothing and sculpture are identical, but the pygidium
of the male is more thickly hairy. The form of the labrum and
that of tlie sedeagus of the male are the only other tangible
distinctive characters.

325. Adoretus mavis.

Adoretus mavis, Arrow, Anu. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii, 1911,
p. 363.

This is a large rather massive species, moderately closely
clothed with decumbent whitish setae, which are very dense
upon the scutellum and form four longitudinal rows of closer
agglomerations upon the elytra, which also bear a very i'ew
erect scattered hairs. There is a slight metallic lustre upon
the anterior part of the body.

The clypeus is semicircular and rugose, and the forehead
coarsely punctured. The prothorax is moderately short, strongly
and rather closely punctured aud at the sides rather rugosely ;
the lateral margins are contiuuously rounded, the front angles
acute and the hind angles indistinct. The elytra are closely
and rather coarsely punctured, with narrow indistinct costae
coinciding with the rows of patches of agglomerated setae. The
pygidium is rugosely, the sides of the metasternum densely, and
its middle very sparsely, punctured. Thei-e is a continuous
sharp carina extending along each side of the abdomen aud
coinciding with the outer margins of the elytra. The posterior
margin of the propygidium is also sharply raised and united
to the lateral carinse by a short ridge which cuts off the last
spiracle on each side. The front tibia is rather sharply tri-
dentate.

(S . The eyes are rather larger.

5 . The ciypeus is a little longer, and the apex of the abdomen
slightly indented beneath.

Length, 13-14 mm.; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Cbyloin-: Bogawautalawa, 4900-5200 ft. {G. Lewis).

Type in the British Museum.

326. Adoretus bombinator.

Adoretus bombinator, Burm., Handb. Eut. iv, 2, 1855, p. 53'J.

Chestnut-brown, closely clothed above and beneath with
closely appressed pale setae, which become scales on the pronotum
and elytra. Those of the latter are not quite evenly distributed'

310 RUTELIN.^E.

leaving; upou each elytron four or five longitudinal series of
small bare spots, bet\\een wliich the scales are rather more closely
ag2;regated. The apical calli are very ])romiuent and bear thick
tufts of short white setae. The scales of the pronotum are rather
more closely aggregated at a short di«tauce from the outer
uiargin on each side.

It is a large compact species, ovate and moderately convex,
with short stout legs. The head and pronotum are densely
granular, the clypeus nearly semicircular, the eyes prominent;
the prothorax short, the sides gently rounded, the front angles
acute and the hind angles distinct but obtuse. The elytral costae
are moderately distinct, and the intervals closely and finely
punctured. The pygidium is conical and bears long outstanding
hairs at its apex. The front tibia bears three small verv acute
teeth, placed close together at the extremity and separated from
one another hy acute notches. The upper part is tinnly serrated,
c?. The clypeus is small and the eyes are large.

2 . The clypeus is large and the eyes smaller.

Length, 12-5-15 mm. ; breadth, 6-8 mm.

Burma : Eangoon {E. T. Atkinson, March), Tharrawaddy {G. Q.
Corhett), Theinzeik {F. Loizeau) ; Assam (Hope Collection ).

Tyjpe in the Halle Museum.

327. Adoretus bicaiidatus. (Plate V, figs. 14 & 15.)

Adoreiiis bicaudattis, Arrow, Ami. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914,
p. .587.

Brown, densely clothed with decumbent grey seta?, which
form alternate deU'ided and densely covered patches upou the
elytra. The apical protuberances of the latter
are prominent and slightly tufted, and there are
two strong tubercles upon the pygidium before
the extremity, w^iich bear thick tufts of white
setae.

It is small and nari'owly elongate, densely and

rugosely punctured above and beneath. The

head is large, witli prominent eyes and broadly

semicircular clypeus. Thesidesof the pronotum

are moderately rounded, the front angles slightly

Fio-. 68. acute, and the hind angles very obtuse. The

Adoretus bicaudaf us. elytral epipleurae are not developed. The sides

of the abdomen are sharply carinate, and the

posterior edge of the propygidium is also sharply elevated and united

with the lateral carime by a short ridge on each side, in which the

last spiracle is situated. The continuous carina so formed coincides

with the outer edges of the elytra. The legs are rather short, the

hind pair very short and thick ; the front tibia is armed with

three short teeth, the uppermost further from the second than

that is from the first and separated by a rather sharp notch ;

the larger claw is minutely cleft in the front and middle feet,

and the shorter claw of the hind foot is less than half the length

ADORETUS. 311

of the longer one. The antennae are 10-jointed, joints 4-6 nearly
equal in leiigtl).

<S ■ The teeth of the front tibia are very small. The tufts of
the pygidium are very prominent, and there is a well-marked,
smooth, denuded area between them and the apex.

Length, 8-10 mm. ; breadth 3-5-5 mm.

Bengal: Calcutta (0. E. Preseley, Oct.), Sunderbans {F. W.
CliamfAon), Dacca (July); Madras: Berhampur, Cxanjam (£^. 7'.
Atkinson) ; Ceylon : Trincomali (E. E. Green, Sept.) ; Niroddu-
nninai {E. E. Green, May).

Type in the Britisli Museuu).

This species was found upon the bark of a mango tree at
Dacca.

328. Adoretus compressus.

Meloiontha compressa, Weber, Observ. Eiitom., 1801, p. 72.
Adoretus umbrosi(s,^\ix\\\., Haudb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 475 ; Reitt.,

Verb. Nat. Ver. Briinn, xli, 1903, p. m.
Lepadoretus compressus, Obaiis, Eut. Blatt. viii, 1912, p. 224.

Reddish brown, rather deeply clothed with short decumbent
scale-like whitish setse, those beneath rather scanty at the middle
of the metasternum and abdomen, those of the elytra with longi-
tudinal lines of more closely aggregated clusters, between which
occur minute bare or partly bare ai'eas.

It is moderately elongate, and the legs are rather short. The
head and pronotum are very densely and finely granulated, and
the former is moderately broad, with a large, nearly semicircular
clypeus. The pronotum is not very short or flat, its sides are
gently rounded, the front angles nearly right angles and the
hind angles almost rounded off. Each elytron bears three fairly
well-marked dorsal costae and a prominent callus in the apical
angle, upon which the setse are closely aggregated ; the intervals
are shallowly and confluently pitted. The apical part of the
pygidium is bare and opaque and surrounded by a close fringe of
long erect hairs. The front tibia bears three similar strong
teeth, the uppermost one placed farther from the second than
that is from the first ; the claws are not very unequal, and the
longer one is cleft at the tip on the front and middle feet.

S . The inner lobe of the longer front and middle claws is
broad and blunt.

Length, 11 mm.; breadth, 0"5 mm.

Bengal : Kierpur, Purneah District (C. Paiva, Sept.) ; Bwrma :
Papun [Lieut. - G ol. Adamson), Victoria Point (E. T. Atkinson);
Tonkin ; Cambodia ; Malay Peninsula ; Sumatra ; Java ;
Borneo ; Mauritius.

Dr. Ohaus gives Madras and South Ceylon as localities for this
species, but it seems likely that A. bicaudatHs, Arr., or another
of the closely similar forms may have been mistaken for it. It is
an essentially Malayan insect, although its presence in Mauritius
indicates its capability of extending its range. If accidentally

312

RUTELIX^.

introduced into fresh regions it is probably capable of becoming
a serious pest, as a race or very closely related species (A. sinicus)
introduced iuto the Hawaiian Islands has proved very destructive
to sugar-cane, its larvae feeding upon the roots.

329. Adoretus vitticauda.

Adoretits vitticauda, Xxxow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914,
p. 595.

Brown, with the upper surface suffused with a slighf metallic
lustre, and clothed with unevenl}- distributed decumbent yellowish
setae, forming longitudinal rows of altt-i-nately bare antl densely
setose spots upon the elytra. Across the apical calli there is a
transverse series of tufts of still closer and longer setae, and the
pygidium bears three similar tufts in a transverse row far apart.

It is elongate-oval and not very depressed. The head is
closely punctured, with a lightly punctured shining area in the
middle of the forehead, and the clypeus is small and semicircular ;
the eyes are large and prominent. The pronotuni is strongly
and densely but unevenly punctured, with the sides strongly
rounded, the front angles nearly right angles and the hind angles
very obtuse. The scutellumand elytra are closely punctured, and
the costge of the latter almost obsolete. The extremities of the
elytra are dark, o])aque, and thinly setose, and the calli are
prominent. A sharp keel extends along each side of the abdomen,
coinciding \\\t\\ the outer edges of the elytra. The hinder margin
of the propygidium is also sharply elevated and united to the
abdominal keel on each side by a short ridge in which the last
spiracle is situated. The front tibiae are broad and sharply tri-
dentate, the hind legs extremely short, and the hind tibiae inflated ;
the longer claw of the front and middle feet is very minutely
cleft at the apex, and the shorter claw of the hind feet is reduced
to a minute vestige. The antennae are 10-jointed, the fourth and
fifth joints short, and the third and sixth longer.

d" . The eyes are larger than in the female. The teeth of the
front tibiae are sharply pointed, tlie first and second separated by
an acute notch, the third excessividy short.

$ . The teeth of the front tibia are strong and close together.

Length, 9 mm. ; breadth, 4*5 mm.

Burma: Papun {Col. Adamson), Palon (L. Fea, Sept.); Siam.

Type in the British Museum.

This is nearly related to A. compressus, Wied., but differs in the
more conspicuous white tufts at the extremity of the elytra and
the pygidium, and also in the toothing of the front tibia, &c.

330. Adoretus areatus.

Adoretus areatus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 506, Hg. 41.

Ferrugineous red, with the antennae, femora, and tibiae a little
paler, and clothed rather closely with fine but not very short

ADORETUS.

313

white setae; the apical calliof tlie elytra prominent, their posterior
vertical face smooth and shining and darker in colour, and the
setae situated immediately before tlie callus on each side aggre-
gated into a cluster of about four dense white patches.

Elongate, rather parallel-sided and depressed. The eyes are
large and prominent, the clypeus short, broadly rounded and
rather closely granulated, and the forehead densely rugose. The
pronotum is short, strongly and densely punctured, with the
sides nearly straight in front, rounded behind, the front angles
nearlv right angles, and the hind angles very obtuse and scarcely
traceable. The scutellum is closely punctured, and the elytra are
densely punctured, with tiie costte well-marlved and elevated in
front but imperfect behind, the apical calli prominent and a small
smooth dark area behind each ; there is also a slight elevation
with a surrounding depression upon each elytron near the
scutellum. Tiie pygidium is clothed with short erect grey hair.
The sides of the abdomen are carinated, and the posterior edge of
the propygidium is also sharply carinated but not continuous
with the lateral carinse, from which it is divided by the last
spiracle on each side. The legs are rather slender, the front
tibia armed with three short sharp teeth, the uppermost rather
remote from the other two, the hind tibia rather inilated, the
longer claw cleft on the front and middle feet, and the shorter
hind claw less than half the length of the longer. The antennae
are 10-jointed.

J . The longer front and middle claws are thickened at the
end and only very minutely cleft.

LeiKjtJi, 10 mm. ; breadth, 4-5 mm.

? Bengal ; Java.

2\i/2)e in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

A partlv denuded male specimen of this species in M. Eene
Oberthiir's collection is labelled " India," but a well-preserved
specimen in the British Museum (from the Bowring Collection) is
labelled " Java." As Dr. Ohaus has apparently no information
as to the exact source of his type-specimen, it seems possible that
the species may not be really Indian. There is no ground for
doubting the accuracy of the locality Java, whence Bownng
received many Coleoptera without more precise data.

331. Adoretus birmanus. (Plate V, fig. 37.)

Adorefits birmanus, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Mist. (8) xiii, 1914,

p. 596.
Adoretus hirmarius, vdi\J/avescens, Arrow, 1. c.

Dark brown, with the sides of the pronotum, the sternum,
femora and tibiae, and parts of the abdomen yellowish. The
elytra are minutely sprinkled with the same colour and the sides
generally vaguely paler. It is moderately thickly clothed with
decumbent setae* which are rather unevenly disposed upon the

314 kuteliXjE.

elytra, leaving very miuute bare intervals, and there are a very
few longer erect setse near the sides.

The body is moderately elongate and parallel-sided, and rather
depressed, with the head broad, the clypeus semicircular and
finely granulated, and the forehead coarsely punctate-rugose.
The pronotum is short, coarsely and closely punctured, with the
sides rounded, the front angles nearly right angles and the hind
angles very obtuse. The scutellum is strongly punctured, the
elytra densely and conHuently, and the costseare rather indistinct.
The pygidium is finely coriaceous and clothed with rather long
erect hair. The antenUce are 10-jointed, joints 3 to 7 regularly
decreasing in size. The legs are rather slender, but the hind
tarsi a little shortened and thickened ; th.e front tibiai bear three
sharp teeth, the uppermost not reaching the middle, minute and
separated by a sharp notch from the preceding one ; the longer
claw of the front and middle feet is cleft, and the shorter one of
the hind foot more than half as long as the other.

c? . The front tibia is much more slender than that of ths
female and the teeth shorter and sharper, the eyes are larger, the
abdomen rather long and distinctly arched, and the pygidium
very prominent and convex.

2 . The form is shorter and less parallel-sided, the eyes are
smaller, the abdomen is short and very convex, and the pygidium
almost concealed.

Length, 11-12'5 mm. ; breadth, 5 6 mm.

Burma: Eangoon {E. T. Atkinson), Tauug-ngu (G. Q. Corhett),
Palon (Z/. Fea, Aug., 8ept.).

A. birmanus, var. flavescens. Arrow.

The elytra are yellow, except a vaguely defined dark sutural
stripe of varying size, and the clypeus and the middle, as well as
the sides, of the pronotum are generally pale also.

The specimens of this vai-iety, of which I have seen a con-
siderable series taken by Comotto at Miuhla, are all of rather
smaller size than the typical form. It has also been found at
Pakokku, Upper Burma, 180 feet (Miss Molesivorth, Sept., Oct.).

Types of species and variety in the British Museum.

332. Adoretus lacustris, sp. nov. (Plate V, tig. 45.)

Pale testaceous, with the clypeus and tarsi reddish, and the
forehead, vertex, two indefinite spots at the front margin of
the pronotum, the extreme edges of the elytra, and sometimes
the abdomen, black.

It is a rather large species, moderately elongate, not very
convex, and evenly and rather closely clothed with fine uniform
decumbent grey hair. The head is not large, the surface granu-
lated (not very closely) and the clypeus almost semicircular.
The pronotum is moderately finely and closely punctured (but
less closely in the middle), with the sides strongly rounded,

ADOUETUS. 315

the front angles acute aiul the hind angles obtuse. The scu-
tellum is long and tinely rugose, except at the apex, which is
quite smooth, and the elytra are fiuelj punctured, with the
dorsal costae narrow and a little elevated. The pygidiuin is very
finely and densely coriaceous. The front tibia is armed with
three strong sharp teeth, the uppermost a little farther from
the second than that is from the first, and slightly serrated
above them.

d . More elongate and parallel-sided, with the eyes very large
and prominent, the legs long and slender, the claws very unequal,
and the longer one on the front and middle feet very minutely
cleft.

2 . More ovate, with the eyes smaller, the legs shorter and all
the claws simple.

Length, 11-14 mm. ; breadth, 5'5-7"o mm.

Bengal : Durgapur, nr. Calcutta

Type in the British xMuseum ; co-types in the Indian Museum.

This insect was found by Mr, F. H. Gra\ely close to the
water's edge at the Salt Lakes. Larvae were found at the roots
of an aquatic shrub, Acanthus ilicifoUus, sometimes in very wet
nuid, and the adults were feeding in great abundance upon the
leaves of Avicenna. Pupae and adults were also tound in clayey
soil a little above the water-level but close to it.

3'3'3. Adoretus flavus, sp. nov. (Phite V, fig. IG.)

Pale yellow, with the head, the extremities of the tibi;e and the
tarsi dark red.

The body is elongate-oval, convex, slightly shining, and clothed,
uniformly but not closely, with exceedingly minute white setae.
The head is large and rather finely rugose, with the clypeus large
and its front edge very strongly reflexed, especially in the middle.
The pronotum is tinely punctured, not very closely in the middle,
densely and rugosely at the sides ; the lateral margins are rounded,
the front angles rather acute and the hind angles very obtuse. The
scutellum is finely and closely punctured, and the elytra closely
and rather finely, but not densely or rugosely, with well-marked
but scarcely elevated discoidal costae ; the apical angles are not
rounded off. The setae are rather longer and closer near the
posterior edges of the elytra, and the pygidium is moderately
closely clothed with very short white hairs. A sharp carina
extends along each side of the abdomen and is united by a short
ridge, cutting oH the last spiracle on each side, to the posterior
edge of the propygidium, which is sharply elevated. The con-
tinuous ridge so formed coincides with the outer edges of the
elytra. The front tibia is armed with three very strong teeth,
the uppermost rather farther from the second than that is from
the first, and above the teeth the outer edge is coarsely serrated ;
the hind tibia is short and broad ; the longer claw beai's a (juadrate
lamina at the base and is cleft upon the front and middle feet. The

316

RUTELIN^.

labrum is studded with rather cora-se tubercles and rounded (not
truncate) at the end.

cT . The hair is erect upon the pygidiuui, and the longer front
and middle claws are almost imperceptibly cleft.

$ . The pronotum is more shining and more sparingly punc-
tured, and the hair of the pygidium is decumbent.

Letujth, 10-11 mm.; breadth, 4-5-5 mm.

Pu]<fJAB: Taru, Peshawar Distr. {T. B. Fletvhcr, May); W.
Bengal: Dinapur (JV, Annandale, July).

I'ype in the 13ritish Museum.

334. Adoretus boops.

Mehlontha hoops, Wied., Germar's Mag. Ent. iv, 1821, p. 135.
Adoretus boops, ISurm., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 474.
Adoretus latifrons, Blanch., Cat. Coll. Eut. Mus. Paris, 1851 (1850),
p. 232. ■

Tawny yellow, rather closely clothed above and beneatli with
uniform decumbent greyish setae.

It is a large, rather narrow and depressed species, with a very
large head and short legs. The clypeus is large and flat, nearly
semicircular, but slightly jn-oduced in front, and the foreliead
thickly covered with setae. The pronotum is short, densely punc-
tured, with the sides very obtusely angulated in the middle, but
not distinctly curved, the front angles acute and the hind angles
obtuse. The scutellum is well punctured, and the elytra are long
and taper slightly from shoulder to apex ; they are closely and
confluently punctured, witii narrow moderately distinct costse,
and the apical calli are very prominent and tufted. The pygidium
has a rather thick tuft of outstanding hair near the apex. The
prosternum is strongly elevated behind the front coxae as a nearly
vertical finger-like process bearing stiff hairs. The front tibia is
armed with three acute but rather small teeth, the middle one
nearer to the terminal than to the uppermost one, above which
the tibia is slightly serrated, and the longer claw of the front and
middle feet is cleft at the tip.

S . The longer claw of the front and middle feet is exceedingly
minutely cleft, and the teeth of the front tibia are more minute
than in the female.

Lengtli, 13*5-16 mm.; breadth, 6-7 mm.

Assam : Khasi Hills ; Bengal : Dacca, Chapra (JJdcJitnzie),
Pusa (June) ; Madras: Berhampur (E. T. Atkinson).

Type in the Copenhagen Museum ; that of A. latifrons in the
Paris Museum.

Taken at Pusa on Ber {Zizyphaii jujuha).

335. Adoretus fraterculus, sp. nov. (Plate V, fig. 17.)

Eeddish brown, with the elytra, femora and tibiae pale testa-
ceous ; moderately closely clothed above with very short decumbent
white setiE, with longer erect setse scattered upon the posterior
part of the elytra and a tuft upon the apical callus.

ADORETUS, 317

It is uarrowly elongate iu form, parallel-sided and rather
depressed. The head is finely and rugosely punctured, with the
eyes very large and prominent, and the clypeus semicircular and
not very large. The pronotum is closely and rather rugosely, but
less finely, punctured, with the sides gently rounded, the front
angles slightly acute and the hind angles well-marked but obtuse.
The elvtra are deeply and coarsely puuctured, the punctures partly
confluent, especially on the middle, and the longitudinal costse
incomplete. The apical part of the pygidium is bare and smooth,
but surrounded by long erect hairs. A continuous sharp carina
extends along each side of the abdomen, and the posterior margin
of the propygidium is also sharply elevated and united to the
lateral carinas by a short ridge on each side, which cuts off the last
spiracle. The outer edges of the elytra fit against the ridge thus
formed. The antennae are 10-jointed. The legs are not long, the
front tibia armed with three very short and minute but sharp equi-
distant teeth, with minute and not close serrations above them ;
the longer front and middle claws are ver}^ minutely cleft at the
tip, and the shorter hind claw is more than half the length of
the longer.

5 unknown.

Lem/th, 10 mm. ; breadth, 4*5 mm.

E. Bexgal : Buxa Duars (C. F. C. Beesoa, Nov.); Assam:
Sylhet.

Type in the British Museum.

A specimen was found by Mr. Beeson upon the bark of a sal
tree (Shorea robusta).

3:^6. Adoretus gemmifer, sp. nov.

Uniform chocolate-brown, with the femora and tibiaj a little
lighter, and clothed above with very minute white scales, evenly
distributed and not in contact, the elytra having
a few larger scattered scales in irregular longi-
tudinal rows.

It is a very large species of elongate de-
pressed form, with the upper surface finely and
densely granulated and opaque. The head is
large, minutely granulated, and rather closely
clothed with elongate scales, with the clypeus
strongly rounded and minutely produced in the
middle of the front margin. The pronotum is
finely and densely rugulose, with the sides
Piff 69 gently rounded, the front angles rather acute,

Adoretus gcmmifer. the hind angles distinct, but obtuse, and tiie
base slightly lobed in the middle. The
scutellum is rather shining, but a little rugulose at the base,
and the elytra are very finely and closely granulated, without
punctures, and with only very inconspicuous narrow costal, the
apical calli being prominent. The pygidium is minutely coriaceous

318 RUTELIN.^i.

and opaijue, clothed with setose scales in the anterior part
and with erect hairs towards the apex. A sharp continuous
carina extends along each side of the abdomen, and the pos-
terior edge of the propygidium is also sharply elevated and
iniited to the lateral carinse by a short ridge which cuts off the
last spiracle on each side. The continuous abdominal carina
thus formed exactly coincides with the outer edges of the elytra.
The legs are stout, the front tibia armed with three very short
teeth placed close together, especially the two terminal ones, and
ihe upper part finel)^ serrated ; the tarsi rather short, the claws
rather unequal, and the longer front and middle claws minutely
cleft. The labrum is sharply toothed at the sides and the process
is very narrow.

2 unknown.

Length, 14-15 mm. ; breadth, 7 mm.

Bengal : 8underbans (tSnbramania Ayyar, Oct.).

Type in the Oxford Museum ; co-type in the Indian Museum,
Calcutta.

Eound damaging sundri trees {Heritiera Uttoralis).

337, Adoretus costopilosus. (Plate IV, figs. 30, 31 & 32.)

Adoretus costopilosus, Oliaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 506,
fig. 42.

Dark brown, with the antennae, femora and tibia? generally' a
little paler, and with the surface above and beneath moderately
closely clothed with short decumbent white setae, but the primary
costse of the elytra smooth and bearing eacli a double series of
larger and sparser setfe. The sutural costa bears only a single
series of similar sets'.

It is rather elongate, parallel-sided and depressed, and the
whole upper surface ]s sometimes shining and sometimes rendt red
semi-opaque by a dense microscopic puncturation. The head is
broad, with the clypei;s broadly rounded and rugose, and the
forehead and vertex coarsely and confluently punctured. The
pronotum is more coarsely punctured, with the sides and a
median area rugose ; the lateral margins are straight in front,
the front angles right angles and the hind angles very obtuse.
The elytra are coarsely and confluently punctured, with the
sutural costa bordered by a deep groove, the discoidal costae
indistinct in front but well marked behind, and tlie apical calli
very prominent and bearing tufts of rather long erect setae.
The pvgidium is clothed at the end with not Aery long erect
hairs. The front tibia is armed with three small teeth, the
uppermost one rather more remote from the second than that
is from the first, and above the teeth the outer edge is minutely
serrated ; the hind tibia is short and inflated, the longer claw
of the front and middle feet is cleft, and the shorter claw of
the hind foot is more than half the length of the longer one.
The antenna is 10-jointed.

(5 . The eves are larger than those of the female, the clypeus
rather smaller, the pronotum more rugosely punctured, and the

ADORETUS. 319

pygidium large aud convex and clotlied with lather long erect
hairs.

Lewjth, 1(J-11 nun. ; breadth, 4-5-5 mm.

Andaman Is. ; Burma : Theiuzeik {P. Loizeau) ; Bengal :
Chittagoug Hill Tracts, Kaiigamati {R. Hodgart, July) ; 8ikkim :
Gopaldhara, Rungbong Valley {H. Stevens) ; United Provinces :
Delira Dun (Btitterwick, yept.-Oct.) ; Punjab: Kangra Valley,.
4500 ft. (O. C. Duc/r/eon, July).

Ti/pe in Ur. Ohaus' collection.

This species varies iu the degree of smoothness or opacity of
its surface, which is sometimes microscopically rugulose or
shagreened, but except in this respect I have found no difference
between specimens from localities so far apart as the Andaman
Islands and the Punjab. Wliether this variation is local, I have
not seen a sufficient number of specimens to determine ; but in
the shape of the aedeagus there is remarkable variation, wliich is
almost certainly geographical. I have figured those of three
specimens, show^ing a progression from the slightly-cleft typical
form occurring in the Eastern region to a very deeply-cleft
form in the Western. Fig. 32 is from an Andaman Island
specimen, fig. 31 from one from the Chittagoug Hills, and fig. 30'
from the United Provinces (Dehra Dun).

338. Adoretus serratipes. (Plate V, fig. 18.)

Adoretus serratipes, Arrow, Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914,
p. 595.

Uniformly dark brown, evenly clothed all over with minute

grey setae, the vertex of the head and the prouotnm faintly

metallic.

It is moderately elongate, parallel-sided and rather convex.
The head is closely rugose, the clypeus large,,
with its margin semicii'cular and strongly
reflexed. The pronotum is closely but very
coarsely punctured, the front angles nearly
right angles, and the hind angles almost
rounded off. The scutellum and elytra are
strongly, densely and confluently punctured,
and the costae of the latter almost obsolete.
The front tibiae are armed with three sharp
teeth, the second and third being divided by
a sharp notch and more widely separated than

Adoretuhirratipcs. ^'^e first and second ; above the uppermost
tooth the outer edge is nnely serrated, 1 he

longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft, and the shorter

claw of the hind foot is more than half the length of the longer ;

the hind tarsi are short and thick. The antennae are 10-jointed,

joints 2 to 5 progressively diminishing.

The sexes scarcely differ superficially, but the eyes are rather

larger in the male.

Length, 10-5-12 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

320 RUTELIN^.

Burma: liaugoon, Sheninaga, Tauiig-ngu {L. Fea), Tharra-
waddy, Prome, Paungde (6. Q. Corhett) ; Assam : Sibsagar (6r. E.
Peal), Siliguri, Cacliar (J. W. Mason).

Tjipe in the British Museum ; co-types in the Genoa Mu-
seum, Berlin Entomological Museum, and Mr. H. E. Andrewes'
collection.

3;i9. Adoretus testaceus. (Plate V, figs. 19 & 20.)

Geniates testaceus, Hope,* Gray's Zool. Miscell., 1831, p. 23.
Geniates assimilis, Hope,* 1. c, § (new syn.).

Brown, with the elytra a little paler, and the antennae, femora
and tildae yellow. The head and the sides of the body beneath
are rather closely clothed with decumbent grey setae, and the
pronotum bears irregular patches of similar setae. The elytra
are very sparingly sprinkled with Aery minute setae, \\ hich are
more numerous at the sides ; towards the extremity of each
elytron tliere are three rows of longer erect setae meeting at the
very ])rominent apical callus, which beai's a conspicuous tuft of
similar setae.

It is long, narrow, parallel -sided and depressed. The head is
finely gr.mulated and broad, the clypeus broadly rounded and the
margin strongly reflexed in the middle. The pronotum is closely
but rather unevenly punctured, becoming rugose at the sides, and
the lateral margins are angulated behind the middle and nearly
straight from there to the front and hind angles, of which the
former are acute and the latter obtuse but well marked. The
«cutelluni and elytra are strongly and densely punctured, and the
costae are narrow but distinct. The pygidium is rather thickly
clothed, except at the apex, with moderately long outstanding
hair. The front tibia is armed with three sharp, but not long,
equidistant teeth, and above them the outer edge is finely serrated ;
the longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft. The antennae
are 10-jointed.

S . The pronotum is rather less coarsely sculptured than that of
the female, to which the name assimilis was given by Hope.

Length, 11-12 mm. ; breadth, 5*5 mm.

Nepal; Bhutan: Maria Basti (Oberthiir Coll.), Pedong
(Brussels Mus.).

Tt/pes in the Britisli Museum.

340. Adoretus nasalis, sp. nov. (Plate V, fig. 21 .)

Brown, with the legs, antennae and elytra yellowish, the deep
punctures upon the last stained vi'ith brown, and as they are
absent fi-om the costae, an appearance of pale longitudinal stripes
is produced. The surface above and beneath bears minute
uniform decumbent grey setae, sparsely distributed, especially
upon the elytra, where they are only visible with the help of
a lens.

It is a parallel-sided, rather depressed species, with slender

ADOEETUS. 321

legs and a very broad head. The clypeus is very broadly
rounded, with the front margin strongly reflexed, especially in
the middle, and the surface shallowly rugulose. The pronotum
is coarsely pitted, with the sides obtusely angulated in the
middle, nearly straight in front and behind, the front angles
slightly produced and acute, and the hind angles very obtuse.
The scutellum is minutely and rugosely punctured, and the
elytra strongly and irregularly punctured, with well-marked
elevated costa?, bordered on each side with more crowded punc-
tures ; the epipleurse are short and the sutural angles sharp.
The pygidium is minutely rugose, with rather longer erect setae
towards the apex. A sharp continuous carina extends along each
side of the abdomen, and the posterior edge of the propygidium
is also sharply elevated and united with the lateral carinse by
a short ridge which cuts off the last spiracle on each side. The
continuous carina thus formed exactly coincides with the outer
edges of the elytra. The front tibia is slender, armed with three
short sharp teeth and finely serrated above them ; the claws
are all entire and only moderately unequal. The edges of the
labrnm are broadly serrated, and the rostrum bears a strongly
elevated double crest, formed by a longitudinal median carina
spreading out on each side at the summit. The antennae are
10-jointed.

The longer front claw on one side is minutely cleft in the only
female I have seen of the species, but that is evidently abnormal.

c? . The extremity of the pygidium is smooth and shining.

LeiHith, 9-10 mm.; breadth, 4-75 mm.

AiSSAM: Khasi Hills, Gauhati (May, Pusa Coll.).

Tyj^e in the British Museum.

This is one of the group of species to which Ohaus has given
the generic name Prionadoretus, on account of the deeply serrated
sides of the rostrum. I have not adopted the genus, for that
character, like the distinction belween a clothing of setae and one of
scales, on which the genus Lepadoretus is based, is one of degree
only, and as the known species multiply the dividing-line is likely
to become incapable of definition. Dr. Ohaus has apparently
not noticed that one of the commonest Indian species of Adoretus,
A. limbatiis, BL, possesses a labrum of the Prionadoretus type. That
species has another feature of greater importance, which it does
not share with the others, viz. an antenna of only nine joints.
Ohaus has not mentioned the claws, which in A. nasahs, as
in another species in the British Museum, are remarkable from
the absence of any cleavage. The peculiar double crest upon
the labrum of A. nasalis might have been regarded as a generic
feature, but for its absence in other closely similar species.

341. Adoretus lemniscus.

Adoi-efus lemnisais, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvi, 1915

p. 2.32.
Adoretun parallelus, Arrow, op. cit. (8) xiii, 1914, p. 598.

T

322 KUTELIN^.

Entirely brownish red, densely clothed with greyish decumbent
setae, and with a very few isolated erect hairs near the sides of the
elytra.

It is elongate, parallel-sided and depressed. The eyes are
very large, and the head finely granulated in front and densely
rugulose behind ; the clypeus small, broadly semicircular, with
the margin strongly reflexed. The pronotum is very short,
uneven, and finely rugulosely punctured, with its sides gently
rounded, the front angles blunt and the hind angles indicated
but almost rounded off. The scutellum is finely punctured, and
the elytra finely rugosely punctured, with the costse narrow
and inconspicuous. The pygidium is coriaceous and clothed
with rather long erect hairs. The antennae are 10-jointed,
pints 3 to 6 being elongate and nearly equal. The front
tibia is long and armed with three sharp teeth, occupying less
than half its length ; the second and. third teeth are farther
apart than the first and second, and are separated by a sharp
notch ; the longer front and middle claws are minutely cleft,
and the shorter claw of the hind foot is more than half as long
as the other ; the hind tibia is a little contracted at the end.

I have not seen the female.

Length, 11'5-12*5 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

BuEMA : Rangoon {E. T. Atkinson), Tharrawaddy, Prome
{O. Q. Corbett), Tikekei (L. Fea, June).

Type in the British Museum.

It is very near A. crihratus and A. distinguend^is, but easily
recognized by the sharp notch separating the two upper teeth of
the front tibia.

342. Adoretus celogaster.

Adoretus celogaster, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914,
p. 592.

Pale yellow, with the clypeus and tarsi alone slightly reddish.

Rather broadly ovate and depressed, with the surface shining,
and bearing only very sparse and minute white setae. The head
is granulated, but not densely, and the clypeus is semicircular.
The pronotum is sparingly punctured, strongly rounded at the
sides, with the front angles acute and the hind angles completely
rounded off. The elytral costae are distinct, the intervals not
densely punctured and the epipleurae not evident. The pygidium
is clothed with moderately long erect setae. The abdominal
segments, except the first and last, have each a conical pro-
tuberance beneath in the middle. The front tibia bears three
sharp teeth, the second nearer to the third than to the first and
divided from it by an acute notch ; the longer claw is cleft in the
front and middle feet, and the shorter claw of the hind foot is
more than half the length of the longer one. The antennae are
10-jointed, the third to fifth joints progressively diminishing, the
sixth rather broad.

ADORETUS. 323

6 . The clypeus is smaller and the eyes are more prominent than
in the female. The abdomen is much contracted and hollowed,
the ventral tubercles are sharply pointed, and that of the
penultimate segment is large and prominent.

2 . The abdomen is convex, the ventral tubercles are broader
and not sharply pointed, and that of the penultimate segment is
almost absent.

Length, 8-5-9 mm. ; breadth, 4-5-5 mm.

Ceylon : Anuradhapura, low country (Oct., Indian Museum).

Type in the British Museum; ""co- types in the Indian
Museum,

This species is quite peculiar, owing to the row of curious
swellings at the middle of the second, third, fourth and fifth
ventral segments.

343. Adoretus corpulentus. (Plate V, ^:g. 46.)

Adoretus corpulentus, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914,
p. 593.

Pale yellow, with the clypeus and tarsi alone reddish.

Very short and stout, with the surface shining, and bearing
only very sparse minute setae. The head is large, the eyes rather
small, the clypeus semicircular and, like the forehead," sparingly
granulated, and the vertex smooth in the middle. The pro-
notum is sparingly punctured, the front angles are nearly right
angles, and the hind angles completely rounded off. The elytra
are rather finely but not densely punctured, with distinct double
lines of punctures, not forming costae. The front tibia is armed
with three acute teeth, the uppermost placed about the middle,
nearer to the second than that is to the first, and separated
from it by an acute notch ; the longer claws of the front and
middle feet are cleft, and the shorter claw of the hind foot more
than half as long as the larger one. The antennte are 10-jointed,
joints 3-7 progressively diminishing in length.

6 . The pygidium is very convex and rather thickly clothed
with erect hair.

$ . The pygidium is flat and scarcely pubescent.

Length, 8-5-10 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Cetlox : Trincoinali {E. E. Green, Sept.).

Type in the British Museum.

This species has a very close resemblance to A. celogaster, but
the remarkable abdominal processes which form the most dis-
tinctive feature of that insect are entirely absent from this. It is
also rather more short and rotund, and still paler in colour, and
the elytra are smoother, with finer punctures.

344. Adoretus tener.

Adoretus tener, Arrow, Ann. Ma"-. Nat. Hist. (S) xiii IQU
p. 600. ^ ' ' ' '

Pale yellow, shining,^ and thinly clothed with minute whitish

y2

324 RUTELIN.3i.

setae, those on tlie elytra arrauged iu not very close lougitudinal
lines.

It is very slioi't and stout in form and moderately convex. The
head is not very broad, nor the eyes very large. The clypeus is
prominent, semicircular, with very strongly raised margin, and
moderately sparingly granulated. The pronotum is short, rather
sparingly punctm-ed, with strongly rounded sides, acute front
angles, and hind angles completely rounded away. The scu-
tellum and elytra are rather closely but not coarsely punctured,
and the costae upon the latter are not strong. The pygidium is
finely punctured and thinly clothed with moderately long hair.
The front tibia is armed with three short teeth, divided by acute
notches, the third tooth placed about the middle of the tibia and
nearer to the second than that is to tbe first ; all the tarsi are
slender, the longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft,
and the shorter claw of the hind toot is more than half the
length of the longer one.

S . The eyes are larger than those of the female.

Length, 8-5-9-0 mm. ; breadth, 4-5-5 mm.

Bfrma : Victoria Point, Tenasserim (E. T. Atkinson, Aug.).

Tyjje in the British Museum.

345. Adoretus renardi.

Adoretiis renardi, Brenske,* Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxxvii, 1893,
p. 140.

Bright yellow and rather shining, with the forehead black, and
the elytral suture and all the margins very narrowly tinged with
red-brown. It is clothed above and beneath with very minute,
uniform, evenly but not very closely arranged, pale decumbent
setae.

It is ovate, moderately broad and depressed. The head is not
very broad, closely but not vei'y finely granulated : the clypeus
semicircular, with its margin -well reflexed. The pronotum is
rather short, moderately closely but not very finely punctured,
with the sides uniformly curved, the front angles right angles,
sharp but not produced, and the hind angles only very feebly
indicated. The scutellum is closely punctured, and the elyti-a
closely and confluently, with the costae feebly marked ; the
epipleurfe are wide, nearly the length of the elytra, smooth and
opaque, becoming widest a little before the end. The pygidium
is rather finely and closely punctured and its pubescence erect.
A sharp continuous carina extends along each side of the
abdomen, and the posterior edge of the propygidium is also
sharply elevated and united with the lateral carinae by a short
ridge which cuts oft' the last spiracle on each side. The con-
tinuous carina thus formed coincides with the outer edges of the
elytra. The front tibia is armed with three sharp teeth, the
uppermost minute and nearer to the second than this is to
the apical one ; the longer claw of the front and middle feet
is only very slightly cleft at the tip.

ADOHETUS. 325

6 . The pygidiiim is very convex and incurved at the extremity.

5 . The pygidium is not incurved and scarcely convex.

Length, 10-11 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Bengal : Tetara, Kunbir ; Madras : Malabar (Audrevves
Collection).

Ti/2)e in Capt. Moser's collection ; co-type lu the Brussels
Museum.

346. Adoretus epipleuralis. (Plate V, fig. 22.)

Adoretus ejjipleuralis, Arrow, Ami. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, l'J14,

p. 601.
Adoretus saif/onensis, Ohaiis, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 479,

tig. ] 1 (new syn.).

Pale yellow, with the head and tarsi red, and the vertex nearly
black ; thinly clothed with minute, sparse, erect setse, which are
very inconspicuous. The pygidium is clothed with rather long
erect hairs.

It is short, broad and rather convex, and the surface is shining.
The head is finely rugose, and the clypeus broad, with its margin
regularly rounded and strongly elevated. The pronotum is
strongly but not closely punctured, rather short, with the sides
straight in front, the front angles acutely produced and the hind
angles completely rounded olf. The scutellum and elytra are
also strongly but not closely punctured ; the costse of the latter
are moderately distinct, and the epipleurfe are continued almost
to the extremities, being narrow in the middle but conspicuously
dilating behind, where they are smooth and opaque. A sharp
continuous carina extends along each side of the abdomen, and the
posterior margin of the propygidium is also sharply elevated and
united to the lateral carinse by a short ridge which cuts off the last
spiracle on each side. The continuous carina so formed coincides
exactly with the outer edges of the elytra. The legs are rather
long and slender, the front tibia armed with three rather long teeth,
which occupy more than half its length ; the longer claw is rather
deeply cleft in the front and middle feet, and the shorter one of
the hind foot is more than half the length of the other. The
antennio are 10-jointed, the third to seventh joints regularly
diminishing.

c? . The clypeus is shorter than that of the female, and the
pygidium is large and convex.

2 . The pygidium is short and flat.

Length, 10-5-1 1*5 mm. ; breadth, 5*5-6 mm.

Burma : Tharrawaddy, Taung-ngu {G. Q. Corbett) ; Cambodia :
Vientiane {E. Vitalis de Salvaza) : Coohin-China : Saigon.

Type in the British Museum ; that of A. saigonensis in
Dr. Ohaus' collection.

A. epipleuralis is very closely related to A. renardi, Brenske,
but the clypeus is shorter and broader, the hind angles of the
pronotum are completely rounded off, and the clothing of the
upper surface is more scanty, being so thin that a smooth
shining appearance is produced.

326 RUTELIN^.

347. Adoretus ariel, sp. nov. (Plate V, tig. 23.)

Pale testaceous, with the head, an indefinite patch on each side
o£ the pronotum, the tarsi and the abdomen beneath red-brown.

It is elongate, parallel-sided and not very convex, closely and
uniformly clothed all over with short grey setse. The head
is large, densely and continently punctured, with the clypeus
closely granulated, very broadly rounded and short. The pro-
notum is strongly, very closely and evenly punctured, with
its sides straight in front, the front angles right angles and the
hind angles completely rounded off. The elytra are sliglitly
shining, distinctly but contiuently punctured, with the dorsal
costse indistinct and the epipleurae well-marked, continued almost
to the end of the elj^tra, bat not perceptibly dilated behind ; the
apical angles are not sharp. The pygidiuin is leathery in texture
and thinly clothed with erect hairs, rather longer and more
numerous near the apex. A sharp continuous carina extends
along each side of the abdomen, and the posterior edge of the
])ropygidium is also shar|)ly elevated and united to the lateral
carinse by a short ridge which cuts off the last spiracle on eaoh
side. The continuous carina so formed coincides exactly with
the external margins of the elytra. The antennae are 10-jointed,
with joints 3-6 subequal. The front tibia is armed with three
sharp equidistant teeth, the hind tibise broad, the tarsi slender,
the claws not very long, the longer one cleft on the four anterior
feet, the shorter hind claw more than half the length of the
longer.

c? . The longer front and middle claws are rather deeply cleft
at the apex.

I have not seen a female.

Length, 9*5 mm.; breadth, 4*75 ram.

Assam ( W. Doherty).

Type in the British Museum.

This species is narrower and more elongate than tlie allied
forms with continuous elytral epipleura?, which it otherwise
closely resembles.

348. Adoretus victorige, sp. nov. (Plate V, figs, 24 & 2b.)

Pale yellow, with the head and tarsi red-brown.

It is rather shortly cylindrical in shape and moderately closely
clothed all over with short uniform grey setas, the pygidium alone
bearing rather longer, but not thick, erect hairs. The head is
large, closely and uniformly rugose, with the clypeus very broadly
rounded. The pronotum is evenly and closely, but distinctly,
punctured, with the sides straight, the front angles sharply pi'o-
duced and the hind angles completely rounded off. The elytra
are rather densely but scarcely continently punctured, with very
narrow elevated discoidal costae ; the apical angles are sliarp and
the epipleurae are continued almost to the apices, dilating con-
siderably behind, where they are smooth and opaque. The

ABORETUS. 327

pygidium is granulated and clothed rather thinly with short hair.
The lower surface is thinly setose. A sharp carina coinciding
with the external margins of the elytra extends along each side of
the abdomen, being continued, by means of a short ridge which
cuts off the last spiracle on each side, with the hinder margin of
the propygidium, which is also sharply carinate. The legs are
rather slender, the front tibia armed with three strong teeth,
which occupy more than half its length. The antenna is 10-
jointed, joints three to seven progressively diminishing in length.

S . The longer claw of the front and middle feet is unequally
but moderately deeply cleft, and the shorter hind claw about half
the length of the longer.

I have not seen a female.

Length, 11 mm. ; breadth, 5-5 mm.

BuEMA : Victoria Point, Tenasserim {E. T. AtJdnson, Aug.),

Type in the British Museum.

This much resembles A. epiphuralis, Arrow, but is rather more
closely punctured and setose, and therefore less shining. It is
narrower and more convex than A. renardi, Brenske, and the hind
angles of the prothorax are completely rounded off.

349. Adoretus vulpeculus, sp. nov.

Tawny-red, with the head aud pronotum rather darker, and the
femora and tibiae a little paler.

The body is rather broadly oval and moderately convex, with a
rather large head, and closely clothed above and beneath with
longish and not very close-lying grey hair, the head having many,
and the pronotum and elytra very few, long erect hairs. The
clypeus is semicircular, shining and granulated (not very closely).
The forehead and pronotum are strongly, closely and evenly
punctured ; the sides of the latter are nearly straight in front,
with the front angles obtuse and rounded behind, and the hind
angles almost rounded off. The scutellum is strongly punctured,
and the elytra coarsely and confluently, the costje being almost
obsolete ; the epipleurae are broad and almost reach the apex, but
gradually narrow from the shoulder to the extremity. The
pygidium is clothed with long dense outstanding hair. A sharp
carina extends along each side of the abdomen and is united by a
short ridge cutting off the last spiracle on each side to the pos-
terior edge of the propygidium, which is sharply elevated. The
continuous carina so formed coincides with the outer edges of the
elytra. The front tibia is armed with three acute nearly equi-
distant teeth, and the longer cla^^•s of the front and middle feet
are very slightly cleft at the apex.

c? unknown.

Length, 8-9 mm.; breadth, 4-5 mm.

Akdaman Islands {K. T. Atkinson).

Tijpe in the British Museum.

828 EUTELIN^.

350, Adoretus pleuralis.

Adoretus pleuralis, Ohaiis, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 481,
%• 13.

" Elongate-oval, the $ a little dilated, rather convex, pale
testaceous, slightly shining, with the head, the middle of the
thorax and a broad band behind the scutellum almost reaching
the hinder margin [i. e. of the elytra] blackish-brown, the surface
reddish with scattered fine granules ; frontal suture straight,
carinate ; forehead and vertex closely covered with fine granules
and isolated punctures ; eyes prominent. Thorax rather more
than twice as broad as long, with the fi'ont margin produced
forwards in the middle, the hind margin backwards, the sides
slightly dilated behind the middle, the blunt hind angles rather
rounded, the rectangular front angles hardly produced, the upper
surface closely and rather confluently punctured, but the sculp-
ture, as also that of the head, sparser in the $ than in the 6 •
Scutellum reddish yellow, sculptured like the thorax. Upon the
elytra the primary costse and rows of punctures are indistinct ;
the whole surface is closely and confluently punctured, with fine
short transverse rug£e at least upon the disc. The epipleurse are
very broad, yellow and shining near the shoulder, reddish bi'own
and opaque behind, extending almost to the sutural angle, with a
close short fringe upon both the thickened and crenulated upper
margin and the lower margin. The hind niai'gin of the pro-
pygidium is carinate and closely setose ; it [^. e. the carina]
is continued laterally as a carinate brown ridge which divides the
ventral part of the abdominal segments from the pleural part.
Pygidium short, with broadly rounded apex in the S -, a little
elevated before the apex and clothed with long erect hairs. Legs
slender; front tibise armed with three teeth, tlie middle one a
little approximated to the basal one ; middle and hind tibiae with
two indistinct spinose ridges.

"■' Length, 10-5 mm.; breadth, 5-5*5 mm.

" British India : ? Assam."

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

I do not know this species.

351. Adoretus bimarginatus.

Adoretus himdrginatus, Ohaus, Deutsche Eut. Zeits. 1914, p. 480,
tig. 12.

Bright yellow, with the head and tarsi dark red, the vertex
nearly black.

It is rather short, broad, and fairly closely clothed with short
uniformly disposed decumbent white setae. The head is large and
densely rugose, with the eyes not very large or prominent, and
the clypeus broadly semicircular. The pronotum is convex,
fairly closely but distinctly punctured and rather shining, with
the Bides strongly rounded, the front angles nearly right angles

ADORETUS. 329

and the hind angles completely rounded away, there being a
rather shallow and indefinite longitudinal groove in tlie middle.
The elytra are densely and confluently punctured, with very
slightly indicated costae, and have at the outer edge distinct but
narrow and not opaque epipleurae extending from the shoulders
almost to the extremities, and studded with a fringe of short stiff
bristles. A sharp carina extends along each side of the abdomen,
and the posterior margin of the propygidium is also sharply
elevated and joined to the lateral carinas by a ridge on each side
which cuts off the last spiracle. The outer edges of the elytra fit
against the continuous carina thus formed. The pygidium is almost
uniformly clothed with short erect pubescence. The antennae are
10-jointed. The front tibia is armed with two very strong and
sharp teeth, and a third placed nearer to the second than that is
to the first ; the hind tibia is rather broad and scarcely contracted
before its extremity ; the tarsi are moderately slender, and the
longer front and middle claws cleft.

The sexes scarcely differ, except in the shape of the abdomen.

Length, 9*5 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Madras: Berhampur, Gaujam {E. T. Atkinson); Ben'GAL :
Pusa (T. Bainhrigge Fletcher), Chapra {Mackenzie); Unitbi)
Provinces : Dehra Dun (July) ; Sikkim : Pashok, Darjiling,
3500 ft. {F. H. Gravely, May, June).

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

Both sexes were taken in large numbers at light in June by
Mr. T. Bainhrigge i'letcher. It was also found underground at
the roots of motha {Gyperus) and of a gular tree (Ficus glomerata)
in the same locality.

352. Adoretus simplex. (Plate V, fig. 40.)

Adoretics simplex, Sharp,* Journ. Asiat. See. Bengal, xlvii, 2, 1878,
p. 173 ; Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 488.

Eather pale testaceous, and closely clothed above and beneath
with uniform pale decumbent pubescence.

Elongate-oval in shape and rather depressed. The clypeus is
large, semicircular and, like the forehead, closely granulated. The
pronotum is strongly and moderately closely punctured, more
closely at the sides, which are strongly rounded, with the front
angles acute and the hind angles very obtuse. The scutellum and
elytra are densely punctured, and the costas of the latter are not
very distinct. A sharp carina, coinciding with the outer edges of
the elytra, extends along each side of the abdomen and is con-
nected by a short ridge cutting off the last spiracle on each side
with the hinder margin of the propygidium, which is also carinate.
The pygidium is thickly clothed with hair, with a very small
denuded patch at the apex, and the hairs surrounding this are long,
close and erect. The antennas are 10-jointed, with the basal
joint strongly clubbed, the second globular, the third to seventh
regularly diminishing in length. The front tibia is armed with

330 RUTELTNiE.

three stroug, nearly equidistant teeth, and the longer claw of the
front and middle feet is cleft.

J . The eyes are larger, the antennal club longer, the longer
front and middle claws blunt and only very minutely cleft, and
the pygidium long.

Length, 10-5-]l*5 mm.; breadth, 4-5-5"5 mm.

Kashmir, Sonamarg, 8600 ft. {T. R. D. Bell) \ Punjab:
Jhilam, 5000 ft. (Stoliczlca).

Type in the Indian Museum, Calcutta,

353. Adoretus singhalensis.

Adoretns singhalensis, Ohaus, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1900, p. 362.

Entirely reddish brown, with the femora and tibiae generally
yellowish.

Elongate and depressed in form, and clothed rather thickly
with coarse greyish setae, with some very long erect cues inter-
mixed, especially upon the posterior part of the elytra. The legs
are rather long. The clypeus is closely granular, the forehead,
pronotum and elytra very densely, subrugosely punctured. The
clypeus is nearly semicircular, rather long, the eyes large and
prominent. The pronotum is very short, well rounded at the
sides, the front angles nearly right angles and rather blunt, the
hind angles very obtuse. The elytral costa) are narrow and not
very strongly marked ; the hairy clothing of the pygidium is not
long or thick. A sharp carina extends along each side of the
abdomen, coinciding with the outer edges of the elytra, and this
is vinited by a short ridge, cutting off the last spiracle on each side,
with the hind margin of the propygidium, which is sharply
elevated. The front tibia is rather long and armed with three
sharp teeth ; the longer claw is minutely cleft at the extremity in
the front and middle feet, and the shorter claw of the hind foot
is reduced to a vestige. The antennae are long.

S . The body is proportionally longer, more parallel-sided and
more flat than that of the female; the eyes are larger, the clypeus
much smaller; the front tibia is more slender, the teeth short
and the second nearer to the first than to the third, the hind tibia
rather inflated ; and the apical part of the pygidium is smooth
and shining.

2 . The body is broader and less flattened, the clypeus large,
the teetJi of the front tibia longer, and the pygidium very short.

Le7u/lh, 12 mm, ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Ceylon : Kandy.

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

354. Adoretns nephriticus. (Plate V, fig. 11.)

Chcctndontus nephriticHs, Ohaus, Deutsclie Ent
fig. i^9.

Tawny-red, with the femora and tibiae yellow

Chcctndonius nephriticHs, Ohaus, Deutsclie Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 495,
fia-. i'9.

ADORETUS. 331

Elongate, rather parallel-sided and not very convex, rather
closely clothed with fine grey hairs, with longer erect scattered
hairs at intervals. The head is finely and closely rugose, wilh the
clypeus rather small and its front margin (in the male) gently
excised in the middle. The pronotum is short, finely, closely and
evenly punctured, with its sides gently rounded, the front angles
slightly and the hind angles very obtuse. The elytra are closely
and rather confluently punctured, with distinct narrow cost®.
The pygidium is rather closely clothed witli moderately long erect
hairs, A sharp carina extends along each side of the abdomen, and
the posterior margin of the propygidium is also sharply elevated
and united to the abdominal caringe by a short ridge on each side,
in which the last spiracle is placed. The legs are slender, the
front tibia armed with three sharp, nearly equidistant teeth, the
longer front and middle claws extremely "minutely cleft, and the
shorter hind claw very small (about a quarter of the length of
the longer).

The female (which I have not seen) has the clypeus semicircular,
according to Ohuus.

Length, 9 mm. ; breadth, 4-5 nun.

Madras: JN^ilgiri Hills {Sir G. P. Bampson), Shevaroy Hills,
Yercaud (T. B. Fletcher, April, May), Pondicherry, Trichinopoli,
Shembaganur, Kodaikanal.

Typ6 in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

This is nearly related to A. ecccisus,0\\.{\\h.\c\x I have not seen),
but is smaller, and the punctures and hairs are evidently much
closer and more numerous. There is no bare spot in the'middle
of the pronotum, which has no metallic lustre, and the hairs of
the elytra are not at all scale-like, nor those of the pygidium
lew and short. The male is readily recognizable by the slight
sinuatiou of the front margin of the clypeus.

355. Adoretus affinis, sp. nov. (Plate IV, fig. 27.)

Keddish brown, with the femora and tibiae and the sides of the
pronotum and elytra testaceous, the pale colour upon the upper
surface merging imperceptibly into the darker shade.

It is elongate-oval in shape, convex, and rather closely clothed
with very fine uniform pale setae. The clypeus is very short,
broad, regularly rounded and moderately closely granulated ; the
forehead rugose and the vertex closely punctured. The pronotum
is strongly and densely, but not rugosely, punctured, with the
sides rounded, the front angles obtuse and the hind angles
rounded. The scutellum is closely punctured, and the elytra
closely and rather coarsely, but not rugosely, with faintlv developed
costae and with distinct but not wide or opaque epiplenrte. There
is a sharply-defined carina extending along each side of the
abdomen and united by a short ridge, which cuts off' the last
spiracle on each side, to the hind margin of the propygidium,
which is also sharply elevated. The continuous carina so formed

332 RUTBLIN^E.

coincides with the outer edges of the elytra. The legs are slender,
the front tihia is furnished with three strong sharp teeth, the
longer front and middle claws are cleft, and the shorter hind claw
is more than half the length of the longer one.

cJ . The eyes are larger and more prominent, and the clypeus
is smaller than in the female.

Length, 9"5 mm. : breadtli, 4%5 mm.

Assam: Patkai Hills {W. Dolierty).

Type in the British Museum.

A. affinis has the closest relationship and similarity to A. ariel,
but the elytral epipleurte, although distinct, are narrow and not
different in texture from the remaining surface.

356. Adoretus debilis, sp. nov.

Uniformly very pale yellow, Avith the antennse and tarsi alone
a little darker.

It is narrowly elongate, rather depressed, shining and only very
scantily clothed with minute setse. The clypeus is lightly
rugulose, subangularly produced in the middle of the front
margin, which is broadly but obliquely reflexed. The forehead is
a little more closely rugulose and the eyes are not very large.
The pronotum is very thinly punctured, especially in its median
part, and the sides are gently and uniformly rounded, with tlie front
angles rather acute and the hind angles very obtuse. The elytra
are strongly but not ver}'- densely punctured, with the costaB
narrow and rather indistinct in front, broader and more pronounced
behind. The pygidium is clothed with erect setse, which are
longer and closer just above the apex. A continuous sharp carina
extends along each side of the abdomen, and the posterior margin of
the propygidium is also sharply elevated and united to the lateral
carinse by a short ridge, whicli cuts off the last spiracle on each
side. The outer edges of the elytra exactly coincide with the
continuous carina formed in this way. The front tibia is armed
with three very strong sharp teeth, the uppermost farther from
the second than that is from the first ; the tarsi are not long, the
longer front and middle claws cleft at the tip. The antennte are
10-jointed, the seventh joint extremely short.

$ unknown.

Length, 9"5 mm.; breadth, 4-5 mm.

Bengal : Pusa.

Type in the British Museum, co-type in the Agricultural
llesearch Institute, Pusa.

Taken under dry leaves and afc light.

357. Adoretus incur vatus.

Adoretus incnrvatus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 487,
fig-. -lO.

Reddish-brown, with the front of the clypeus, the sides of the

ADOBETUS. 333

pronotum aud the legs testaceous yellow. The punctures of the
elytra are stained brown, so that the longitudinal costa), which
are free from punctures, seem to form pale stripes.

It is rather elongate, parallel-sided and depressed, smooth and
shilling, and thinl_y clothed with very minute grey setae. The
head is very large and closely granular, with the eyes wide apart
and the clypeus nearly semicircular, but a very little produced in
front. The pronotum is deeply and irregularly, but distinctly,
punctured, witli the sides rounded, the front angles right angles
and the hind angles very obtuse. The scutellum is finely and
rugosely punctured, and the elytra are finel}^ deeply and rather
closely, but not rugosely, punctured, with well-marked narrow
costje : the epipleurae are short, and the sutural angle is slightly
rounded. Tlie pygidium is short in both sexes and clothed with
erect but not long hairs. There is a continuous sharp carina
extending along each side of the abdomen and coinciding with the
edges of the elytra. The posterior edge of the propygidium is
also sharply elevated and united with the lateral carinse by a short
ridge which cuts ofi' the last spiracle on each side. The legs are
slender, the front tibia armed with three rather short teeth, the
uppermost farther from the second than that is from the first,
the hind tibia not inflated, tlie longer claw minutely cleft on the
front and middle feet, and the shorter claw of the hind foot more
than half the length of the longer. The antenna is 10-jointed,
joints 5-7 very small.

cJ . The teeth of the front tibia are very sharp, the margin of
the clypeus strongly reflexed, especially in the middle, and the
eyes more prominent than in the female.

Length, 11 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Madras: Nandidrug {T. V. Camphell); Bombay: Belgaum
(H. E. Andrewes), Poona, Manjiri (July); Bengal: Pusa (T.
Bainbrigge Fletcher, June).

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

358. Adoretus nitidus. (Plate V, fig. 26.)

Adoretus nitidus, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914
p. 599.

Pale yellow, with the tarsi and clypeus red, and the vertex of the
head nearly black ; very thinly clothed with minute greyish setae.

Very long and cylindrical, with the head not very wide, the
clypeus relatively moderately large, semicircular, with strongly
reflexed margin. The head is transversely rugulose, the clypeus
rather laxly. The pronotum is coarsely but very scantily
punctured (a little more closely at the sides), with the lateral
margins strongly rounded, the front angles acute and the hind
angles completely rounded away. The scutellum is sparingly
punctured, and the elytra moderately strongly and closely, with
not very well-marked costac. The pygidium is finely coriaceous

334 edtelinjE.

and clothed with short erect seta?. The front tibia is armed with
two sti'oiig but not very sharp teeth, and a third which is minute
and stands beyond the middle, but nearer to the second than that
is to the first ; the tarsi are rather slender and the claws not very
long, the longer front and middle ones cleft, and the shorter one
of the hind foot more than half the length of the other. The
antenna is lO-jointed.

c? . The longer front and middle claws are minutely cleft at
a little distance from the tip, and the pygidium is large and
convex.

2 . The pygidium is very short and the abdomen very convex.

Length, 10-11 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Burma : Mandalay {H. L. Andreives, June), Minhla (Comotto),
Da Yenang-Taung (L. Fea, May), Shenmaga {L. Fea, June).

Tifjye in the British Museum ; co-types in the Genoa Museum
and Mr. H. E. Andrewes' collection.

859. Adoretus pallens.

Adoretus jMllens, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. En t. Mus. Paris, 1851 (1850),

p. 233.
Adoretus nudiusculus, Sharp, Jouru. Roy. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, xlvii,

2, 1878, p. 173 (new syn.).

Bright yellow, with the tarsi and the vertex (or the whole) of
the head deep red, the surface of the body rather thinly clothed
with minute pale setae, the sides fringed with long hair.

It is rather narrow, convex and cylindrical. The eyes are
prominent and the clypeus rather broadly transverse, with the
sides nearly parallel and the margin strongly i-eflexed ; like the
forehead, it is shining and finely and not closely punctured.
The pronotum is also shining, deeply and rather sparingly
punctured, \^dth the sides strongly rounded, the front angles
acute and the hind angles entirely rounded off. The scutellum
is well punctured, and the elytra rugosely and indistinctly, with
the costa3 not well marked. The pygidium is rather closely
clothed with soft, not very long or erect hair. The antenna; are
10-jointed, the first joint clubbed, the second globose, the thii'd
to seventh regularly diminishing in length. The front tibia is
armed with three strong teeth, and the longer claw of the front
and middle feet is cleft.

cJ . The teeth of the front tibia are very sharp, the longer
front and middle claws are minutely cleft at a little distance from
the apex, and the pygidium is large and convex.

2 . The pygidium is short and covered by the elytra and the
abdomen is very tumid.

Length, 8'5-10 mm. ; breadth, 4-5 mm.

BuKMA : Taung-ngu, Proiiie, Tharrawaddy {G. Q. Corhett),
Myingyan {T. B. Fletcher, Aug.).

Type in the Paris Museum; that of A. nudinscidus in the
Indian Museum, Calcutta.

ADORETUS. 335

360. Adoretus lithobius.

Adoretus lithobius, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914 p 485
fig. 16.

Eeddish chestnut, with the forehead nearly black, and the

sides and middle line of the pronotum, the scutellam, legs and

lower surface yellowish. The upper surface

is rather shining and not very closely clothed

with short uniform white setae.

It is ovate, with the head and thorax

rather narrow, and the greatest breadth

towards the extremity. The head is not

quite as wide as the prothorax, the eyes

being very large and prominent ; the c'ly-

peus small and semicircular, its front margin

strongly reflexed and the surface rather

shining, with evenly distributed, but not

close granules ; the forehead and vertex are

coarsely punctured. The pronotum is shining

Fig- l}.~Adorefi(>^ and coarsely punctured, the punctures quite

lithobms. separate, except at the sides, where they are

rather rugose ; the lateral margins are

strongly rounded and all the angles obtuse. The scutellum is

finely punctured, and the elytra closely and confluently, with

well-marked narrow costae. The pygidium is thinly clothed with

rather long erect hair, except near the apex where it is very

smooth and shining. The legs are rather slender, the front tibia

armed with three equidistant teeth, the claws long, the longer one

cleft on the front and middle feet, and the shorter one of the hind

foot more than half the length of the longer.

'^ 6 . The cleavage of the longer front and middle claws is very

minute, and the eyes are very large.

Length, 9-11 mm. ; breadth, 4-5-5 mm.

Punjab: Lahore; Jhilam, 5000 ft.; Kulu Valley (C. Rost) ;
United Provinces : Eanikhet {H. G. Champion, June to Aug ) '•
Siahadevi, 6000 ft. {C. F. C. Beeson, June). '

Type in Dr. Oliaus' collection.

361. Adoretus ladakanus.

Adoretus ladakauKs, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914 p 434
fig. 17. ' • >

Eeddish brown, with the clypeus, sides of the pronotum, the
scutellum, femora and tibias a little paler, and clothed everywhere
with minute, uniform, not very closely set, whitish set®.

It is elongate-oval in shape, moderately shining and not very
convex. The clypeus is broadly rounded "and granulated, but not
very closely ; the forehead and vertex are strongly and mode-
rately closely punctured. The pronotum is distiuctlv, not closely
punctured, with the sides rounded, the front ano-les almost
right angles and the hind angles obtuse. Tiie scutellum is finely

336 EUTBLIN^.

punctured, and the elytra are strongly and closely but scarcely
confluently punctured, with well-marked narrow costaB. The
pygidium is clothed with fine and moderately close but not long
hair. The legs are rather slender, the front tibia armed with
three strong equidistant teeth, the hind tibia not broad, the
longer claw of the front and middle feet minutely cleft at the
end, and the shorter claw of the hind foot more than half the
length of the longer. The antenna is 10-jointed.

S . The clypeus is smaller tlian in the female, the eyes are very
large and prominent, and the antenna! club rather long.

Lenc/th, 10-11 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Punjab : Murree {2 T. E. D. Bell) ; Kashmir : Ladak {Sto-
liczl-a, type).

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

362. Adoretus stoliczkse.

Adoretus stoUczkce, Ohaus, Deutsclie Ent. Zeits., 1914, p. 490,
fig. 24.

Tawny yellow, with the forehead and vertex, the pronotum
(with the exception of broad lateral margins), a sutural stripe
common to both elytra (broad at the base and narrowing to the
extremity), and the tarsi, brown or red-brown. The darkly-
pigmented part of the pronotum is sometimes reduced to a patch
or spot on each side of the middle and is occasionally absent
altogether. The scutellum is always pale.

The body is oval in shape, moderately convex and rather
shining, with a somewhat scanty clothing of minute setae above.
The head is not very large, but the clypeus is broadly semi-
circular, granulated and I'ather closely clothed with grey setae ;
the forehead is strongly punctured and rather closely setose.
The pronotum is coarsely and deeply, but scantily and irregularly,
punctured, and correspondingly thinly clothed with fine setae;
the sides are straight in front and rounded behind, with the front
angles acute and the hind angles rounded off. The scutellum is
rugosely punctured, and the elytra deeply, coarsely and rather
confluently, with somewhat indistinct costse. The pygidium is
closely clothed with very fine grey hair. The legs are rather
slender, the front tibia armed with three sharp equidistant teeth,
the longer front and middle claws minutely cleft, and the shorter
hind claw more than half the length of the longer.

c? . The longer front and middle claws are very unequally
cleft.

$ . The longer front and middle claws are equally cleft. The
pronotum is very smooth and shining, with exceedingly scanty
punctures and hairs.

Lenr/i/i, 9-5-12 mm.; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Bombay: Surat (H. J\J. Lefroy, July); Central Provinces:
Jabalpur Distr. (Indian Museum), Nagpur {E. A. D'Abreu, June),
Donawa Betul, Gondia (June, Pusa Coll.).

ADORETUS. 337

Type in Dr. Oliaus' collection.

This is a very abundant species, greatly attracted by liglit. It
is easily recognised by the very scanty puucturatiou of the pro-
notum, especially in the female.

363. Adoretus kanarensis, sp. nov. (Plate V, £<?. 27.)

Bright testaceous yellow, with the head, the pronolum (except
the lateral margins), a broad sutural stripe upon the elytra,
spreading to the humeral caHus antei-iorly and not quite reaching
the margins postei'iorly, the extremities ot the tibise, and all the
tarsi, deep reddish-brown.

It is elongate-oval in shape and rather

shining, the clothing consisting of minute

pale setae ratlier thinly scattered, except

upon the head and pygidium, where they are

longer and closer. The head is transversely

rugose, not very large, with the clypeus

broadly rounded. The pronotum is very

coarsely but not very closely punctured,

with the sides rounded, the front angles

nearly right angles and the hind angles

obtuse. The seutellum is finely rugose, and

the elytra are coarsely and confluently

Fig. 12.—AdoreUis punctured, with well-marked elevated costse.

kanarensts, (S . rjjjg pygidium has a bare apical area. The

legs are slender, the front tibia is armed

\^ith three strong equidistant teeth, the larger claw of the front

and middle feet is cleft, and the shorter hind claw is more than

half the length of the longer. The antenna is 10-joiuted, joints

3-5 progressively diminishing.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Bombay : North Kanara.

Type in the British Museum.

I have seen only a single male specimen, taken by Mr. T. B,, D.
Bell.

364. Adoretus rugosus. (Plate V, fig. 33.)

Adoretus rin/osus, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914,
p. 589.

Dark brown, with the antennae and femoi'a yellow.

Karrowly elongate and parallel-sided, and moderately closely
clothed with rather coarse greyish or yellowish hair, with longer
erect hairs interspersed. The pygidium, legs, and lower surface
are clothed with rather long upstanding hair. The eyes are
exceedingly large and prominent, the clypeus small, semicircular,
and granulated, and the forehead and ])ronotum coarsely and
closely punctured, the latter with the sides moderately rounded,
the front angles nearly right angles and the hind angles obtuse.
The elytra are entirely coarsely rugose, without visible punctures

z

338 KUTELINiE.

and with only vague indications of the usual costas. The pygi-
dium is shining and clothed with long erect hairs. The legs and
antenna3 are very long and slender, the front tibia armed with
three small but sharp teeth, the uppermost one very minute and
more distant from the second than that is from the first ; the
longer claw is cleft upon the front and middle feet, and the
shorter claw of tlie hind foot is about half the length of the
longer one. The antennae are 10-jointed, joints 3-G very
elongate.

(S . The longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft at a
considerable distance from the tip.

Length, 13-5-14'5 mm. ; breadth, 6 mm.

Ceylon : Maskeliya (E. E. Green, May, August).

Type in the British Museum.

This is one of the larger species of Adoretus. It has consider-
able resemblance to A. singhalensis, Ohaus, but is larger, and
differs from that and most other Adoreti in the rugose elytra,
the usual paired rows of punctures and close-set interstitial
puncturation being quite absent.

365. Adoretus ovalis. (Plate V, fig. 28.)

Adoretus ovalis, Blanch.,* Oat. Coll. Ent. Miis. Paris, 1851 (1850),
p. 233 ; Sharp, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xii, 1903, p. 472.

Dark brown or almost black, with the antennae, legs and lower
surface lighter, and usually also the clypeus, sides of the pronotum
and shoulders of the elytra ; the whole very evenly and rather
closely clothed with minute decumbent greyish setae.

Elongate-ovate in shape and rather convex, with the head
small. The clypeus is semicircular and densely granulated, with
the margin feebly reflexed, and the forehead is roughly punc-
tured. The pronotum is densely punctured, convex, with the
sides strongly rounded and approximating anteriorly; the front
angles are acute, and the hind angles well-marked and only
slightly rounded. The elytra are rather rugosely punctured and
the costse indistinct. The pygidium is flat, finely coriaceous and
clothed with grey hair, which is longer and not decumbent at the
apex. The legs are rather long, the front tibia armed with
three sharp equidistant teeth, and the longer front and middle
claws cleft. The antennae are 10-jointed, the first joint clubbed,
the second globular, the third to seventh gradually diminishing.

(S . The clypeus is a little smaller, the longer front and middle
claws are extremely minutely cleft, and the pygidium is moderately
long.

2 • The clypeus is larger and slightly pointed and the pygidium
very short.

Length, 10-12 mm. ; breadth, 5-5-6 mm.

Madras : Nilgiri Hills (JI. L. Andrewes), Utakamand (C. A.
Barber, April).

Ty2}e in the Paris Museum.

ADOBETUS. 339

366. Adoretus sorex, sp, nov. (Plate V, fig. 29.)
Chocolate-red, with the femora and tibi* pale yellow.
Eather narrow and moderately convex in form, clothed some-
what closely with not very short or regularly disposed hairs
intermixed with rather longer erect ones upon the elytra, those
on the pygidium long and erect. The clypeus is broadly rounded
and, like the forehead, densely and finely rugose. The pronotum
is closely but not very finely" punctured, with the sides rounded,
the front angles rather obtuse and the iiind angles rounded. The
scutehum is finely punctured, and the elytra closely bub scarcely
rugosely, with rather indistinct costse. The legs are moderately
slender, the front tibia; armed with three teeth (the uppermost
very mmute), the claws very unequal, the longer one minutely
cleft on the front and middle feet, the shorter one on the hind
foot exceedingly short.

c?. The eyes are large and prominent, the clypeus small but
not very short, and the margin almost straight.

2 unknown, but ic has probably a larger and more rounded
clypeus.

Leiu/th, 8 mm.; breadth, 4 mm.

Ceylon-: Horowapotana (C. F. S. Baker, Js^ov.) ; M\deas-
Coimbatore (31. J. Walhouse) ; Centhal Pkovinces : Na^nur"
1000 ft. (E. A. D'Abreu, June). ^^'^oPur,

2'i/2:>e in the British Museum.

367. Adoretus cribratus. (Plate V, fig. 32.)

Adoretus cribratus, White, Ann. Mag. Nat, Hist, xiv 1814
p. 4:24. • ' > >

Adoretus paralklus, Kraatz,* Wien. Eat. Zeit. 1895 p 252
(new syu.). ' ^

Uniform light brown or red-brown, evenly and closely clothed
with minute decumbent setae, with a very few longer hairs near
tlie sides and extremities of the elytra.

The body is elongate, parallel-sided and depressed. The head
IS finely, densely and confluently punctured, the eyes very lar^re
aud prominent, and the clypeus small and semicircular. The
pronotum and scutellum are finely, densely and coniluently
punctured, the former very short, with the front angles nearly
right angles and the hind angles very obtuse. The elytra are
rugosely punctured and the coslae indistinct ; the apical extremi-
ties are subangular (/. e. only minutely rounded) at the suture
The clothing of the pygidium is erect and long upon the lower
half. The front tibia is armed with three sharp equidistant teeth
the uppermost one minute, the hind tibia is a little contracted at
the extremity, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet
is cleft. The antenna is 10-joiiited.

S. The clypeus is smaller thau that of the female. The
iintenna is rather long, the club nearly as long as the foot-stalk
The front tibia is rather long and the teeth are rather feeble!

z2

340 EUTEIINTE.

The longer claw of tlie front and middle feet is only very minutely
cleft.

Length, 11-13 mm.; breadth, 5-6 mm.

Burma : Teinzo {L. Feci, May), Pegu, Tikekee {L. Fea. June),
Bhamo (L. Fea, Aug.), Moulmein, Tenasserim ; Siam ; China :
Hongkong.

Type in the British Museum ; that of A. paralMus in the
Berlin Entomological Museum.

368. Adoretus lasius.

Adoretus lasius, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 501, fig. 35.

Brownish black, with the antennae and legs reddish ; uniformly
and rather thickly clothed above and beneath with moderately
long grey decumbent setae, the costae bearing in the posterior
part a very few inconspicuous erect hairs.

It is elongate in shape and the legs are not long. The eyes
are very large and prominent, the clypeus semicircular and
densely granular, and the forehead and vertex rugosely punctured.
The pronotum is very strongly and closely punctured, the sides
rugosely ; the lateral margins are straight in front, the front
angles right angles and the liind angles almost rounded away.
The scutellum is finely and densely punctured ; the elytra are
rugosely punctured, with not very distinct costse, the epipleun^
not distinct behind and the sutural angles rounded. The pygi-
dium is rather uniformly clothed ^\ith not very long erect haiis.
The antenna is 10-jointed, joints 3 to 5 short and equal. The
front tibia bears three sharp equidistant teeth, the hind tibia is
very stout, the claws are very unequal, the shorter one on the
hind foot less than half the length of the other, and the longer
front and middle ones minutely cleft.

J. The body is very long and narrow, with the clypeus very
small, and the eyes very large and prominent. The teeth of the
front tibia are short but very sharp, the longer front and middle
claws are exceedingly minutely cleft, and tlje larger middle claw
is anguliited towards the middle of its lower edge.

Length, 11-1 2*5 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

SiKKiM : Gopaldhara, Eungbong Yalley ( TF. A'. Wehh, June),
Mungphu (E. T. Atlmson), Pnshok, Darjiling, 3500 ft. (F. H.
Gravely, Mav, June), Kurseong (Verschraeghen) ; Assam : Patkai
Hills (IF. Doherty).

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

369. Adoretus posticalis, sp. nov. (Plate lY, figs. 33 & 34.)

Eeddisli brown, with the femora and tibiae pale yellow ; clothed
Avith not very close or short grey hair, interspersed with longer
erect hairs on the elytra.

It is rather narrow and depressed. The head is shining and
rather sparingly granulated, with the clypeus small and broadly

ADOKETUS. 341

semicircular, the eyes large and very prominent. The pronotum
is short, rather coarsely but moderately closel)'^ punctured, with
the front angles right angles and the hind angles completely
rounded ofi'. The elytra are coarsely and rugosely punctured,
but I'ather shining, the hairy clotliing being not at all close,
although rather long ; the apical calli of the elytra are prominent,
the vertical posterior part is almost devoid of hair, and the
hairs upon a small longitudinal area placed just anteriorly and
interiorly to the calli are more closely aggregated, forming upon
each elytron an inconspicuous elongate white spot. The pygi-
dium is rather uniformly clothed with lotig erect hairs. The legs
are slender, the front tibia armed with three sharp teeth, of
which the uppermost is rather remote from the others ; the
longer front and middle claws ai"e minutely cleft, and the shorter
hind claw is about half the length of the other.

I have not seen a female.

Length, 8-5 mm. ; breadth, 4'5 mm.

EuKMA : Ruby Mines {W. DolieHij).

Type in the British Museum.

This seems to be nearly related to the Bornean A. tricliostigma,
Ohaus, of which, however, the puncturation is said to be not
coarse, and the hairy clothing of the elytra short and close-
lying.

370. Adoretus furcifer.

Adoretus furcifer, Ohaus, Deutsche Etit. Zeits. 1914, p. 502,
lig-. 36. ■

Uniform dark brown, and rather closely clothed with uniform
grey setce.

Elongate-oval in shape and not very convex. The clypeus is
short, broadly rounded and closely granular, the forehead densely
rugose. The pronotum is densely punctured, with the sides
straight in front a;id strongly rounded behind, the front angles
right angles and the hind angles completely rounded off. The
scutellum is finely and closely punctured, and the elytra are
rugosely punctured, with very indistinct costae. The pygidium is
entirely clothed with soft, erect, but not long hair. The legs are
rather slender, the front tibia armed with three sharp teeth, the
uppermost one rather I'emote from the other two, the hind tibia
very narrow at the end and rather inflated in the middle, and the
shorter hind claw more than half the length of the longer.

2 unknown.

Length, 11 mm.; breadth, 5 mm.

Assam : Khasi Hills.

Type in Dr. Oliaus' collection.

A single specimen in the British Museum was taken (iii the
same region as the type) by Sir Joseph Hooker in 1853.

342 RUTELIN^.

371. Adoretus andrewesi.

Adoretus andraccsi, Oliaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 48'),,
fio-. 18.

Deep red-brown, with the antenna?, femoi-a and tibiae a little
paler, and rather closely clothed witli uniform decumbent grey
hair.

It is elongate-oval in shape and almost parallel-sided. The head
is moderately large, v\ith the clypeus nearly semicircular and
rather coarsely rugose, the forehead strongly and I'ather rugosely
punctured. The pronotum is strongly punctured, rugosely towards
the sides ; the lateral margins are gently rounded, the front
angles acute and the hind angles obtuse. The elytra are strongly
and densely, but rather distinctly, punctured and the costae are
narrow and not very well marked. The pygidium is finely punc-
tured and clothed with moderately long, but not thick, erect hair,
with a bare shining area near the apex. The front tibia is armed
with three strong, nearly equidistant teeth, the hind tibia is
rather inflated, the longer claw is cleft on the front and middle
feet, and the shorter hind claw is about half the length of the
longer. The antenna is lO-jointed, joints 3-5 progressively
diminishing.

(S . The clypeus is a little smaller than in the female, its front edge
a little flattened, and the eyes more prominent. The pronotum
is moderately closely, but not densely'', punctured. The front
tibia is more slender, its teeth sharper, and the longer front and
middle claws are very minutely cleft at the tip. The club of
the antenna is rather long.

5 , The clypeus is rather large and semicircular. The pro-
notum is rather more sparingly punctured than in the male.

Length, 10-11 mm. ; breadth, 4*5-5'5 mm.

Bombay: North Kanjira {T. R. D. Bell), Belgaum {H. E.
Andrewes).

Type in Dr. Oliaus' collection or that of the Berlin Entomological
Museum, k^pecimens from the same series are in the British
Museum and in Mr. H. E. Andrewes' collection. Those from
which Ohaus has described this species (and others) are amongst
a number not returned by the late Dr. Kraatz when lent to him
for determination bv Mr. Andrewes.

372. Adoretus plebejus, sp. nov. (Plate V, fig. 4S.)

Uniform chocolate-red, with the femora and tibia) pale yellow,
and densely and evenly clothed with not very short uniform grey
pubescence.

It is oval, not very elongate, and moderately convex. Tiie head
is moderately large, closely and rugosely punctured, with the
clypeus broadly rounded. The pronotum is stx-ougly and densely
punctured, with the sides strongly rounded, the front angles
right angles and the hind angles completely obliterated. The-

ADORETUS. 343

elytra are strongly, coarsely and rather confluently punctured,
with the costte elevated and distinct, and without continuous
or opaque epipleurse. Tlie pygidium is finely rugose and rather
evenly clothed with not very long erect hair. The legs are rather
stout, the front tihia armed with tliree strong, sharp, nearly
equidistant teeth, the hind tibia a little inflated, the longer front
and middle claws strongly cleft, and the shorter hind claw uiore
than half the length of ihe longer.

(^ . The clypeus is a little smaller, and the eyes are rather
larger and more prominent than in the female.

Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5*5 mm.

Burma.

A specimen of each sex was taken by Capt. A. K. Weld
Downing.

373. Adoretus duvauceli. (Plate V, fig. 43.)

Adorefus duvauceli, Blanch.,* Cat. Coll. Eut. Mus. Paris, 1851 (1850) ,

p. 232.
Adoretus concolor, Blanch.,* 1. c. (uew syn.).

Uniform dull brick-i-ed, evenly and moderately closely clothed
with decumbent grey setse.

Slightly elongate and rather depressed. The clypeus is rather
closely granulated, short and transverse, with its margin broadly
arcuated and very slightly reflexed ; the forehead is similarly but
a little less finely sculptured. The pronotum is short and
strongly, closely, but not densely punctured, with the front
angles acute and the hind angles almost rounded off. The
scutellum is rugosely punctured, and the elytra strongly and
densely, with narrow, rather inconspicuous costse ; the apical
callus bears a minute white spot, formed of closely aggregated
setae. The front tibia is armed with three equidistant, not very
sharp teeth, and the longer claw of the front and middle feet is
cleft at the extremity. The antennae are 10-jointed, the first
joint being long, the second globular, the third long, the fourth
to seventh progressively diminishing in length.

d" . The eyes are large and the clypeus small. The whole
apical part of the pygidium is shining and devoid of hairs, those
of the remaining surface being long and upstanding. The longer
claw of the middle foot bears an obtuse tooth before the middle of
its inner edge.

5 . The clypeus is larger, the eyes smaller, and the pronotum
more coarsely punctured.

Length, 11-13 mm. ; breadth, 5*5-7 mm.

Central Provi>'ces : Mhow ( C. F. Selous) • United Provinces :
Agra ; Sikkim : Darjiling (G. Rogers) ; Bengal : Calcutta (F. H,
Gravehj, March- June), Sarda (F. W. Ghumjyion), Pusa {T. Bain-
brigge Fletcher, July -Sept.).

I'ypes in the Pai-is Museum.

According to Mr. T. B. Fletcher, this beetle has been found ta
do great damage to the leaves of vines and figs in the Government

344 EUTELIN.i;,

Gardens at Jolikote, Kuinaon. It was found by Mr. G-ravely
upon Lagerstroemia and Cassia.

This species is exceedingly like A. versutus, but a little more
densely punctured, especially upon the pronotiim. It can most
readily be distino;uished by means of the minute tuft of massed
wliite setae upon the apical callus of the elytron. This is quite
absent in A. versutus. In the males the a^deagi are quite dif-
ferent, although alike in their strauge asymmetrical shape.

374. Adoretus horticola, sp. uov. (Plate V, fig. 34.)

Coppery black, with the antennae and legs reddish ; densely
clothed above and beneath with minute uniform scale-like setae
lying close to the surface, except upon the pygidium.

It is rather elongate and moderately convex ; the head and
prothorax are not wide, nor the eyes large. The head is densely
granular and the clypeus semicu'cular. The pronotum is finely,
densely and rugosely punctured, with the sides obtusely angu-
lated in the middle, the front angles rather acute and the hind
angles obtuse but well marked. The elytra are moderately finely
and shallowly pitted, with distinct narrow costae. The pygidium
is large, finely rugose and tumid in both sexes, wirh a bare
shining area at the extremity. The legs are slender, but the hind
tarsi short and thick. The front tibia bears three short teeth,
the second and third rather far apart, and the longer claw in the
front and middle feet is very minutely cleft at the tip.

S . The teeth of the front tibia are sharp, and the pygidium
bears closely-set erect hairs at its most prominent part.

5 . The teeth of the front tibia are blunt, and the pygidium is
lonically produced to a point above the extremity.

Lenglh, 13-14 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

United Provinces : Kumaon.

Ti/2)e in the British Museum ; co-types in the Agricultural
Kesearch Institute, Pusa.

Taken in June in the Government Gardens, where it M'as
found, in association with A. versutus, devouring the leaves of
vine, fig, apple, pear and plum at night.

?>75. Adoretus punjabensis, sp. nov. (Plate IV, figs. 35 & 36.)

Uniform dark red-brown, sometimes with a very feeble coppery
lustre upon the anterior part ; evenly and rather closely clothed
with minute decumbent grey setas.

Elongate-oval and convex, rather broad, finely punctured and
not shining. The head is moderately large, rather finely and
closely granulated, with the clypeus semicircular. The pronotum
is finely and closely rugose (a little less closely in the middle),
with the sides strongly rounded, the front angles almost right
angles and the hind angles obtuse but not rounded. The elytra
are finely but not closely punctured, some of the jiunctures
forming double lines, and the entire surface is microscopically

ADORETUS. 345

rugulose and opaque : there are uo elevated costaj. The pygidium
is finely rugose and clothed with fine setae arranged in two lateral
patches uniting in tlie middle, leaving hare patches at tlie base
and apex. The leg« are stout, tlie front tibia armed with three
strong, nearly equidistant teeth ; the claws very unequal, the
longer front and middle ones very miiuitely cleft, and the shorter
claw of the hind foot nuich less than half the length of the
other.

S . Tlie eyes are a little more prominent than in tlie female and
tlie cleavage of the longer front and middle claws is extremely
minute.

Length, 12-13*o mm. ; breadth, 6-6*5 mm.

Puj!ijAB : Multan ( 0. A. Smith, Dec), Peshawar.

Ti/jye in the British Museum; co-type in the Bombay Natural
History Society's collection.

The arrangement of the clothing of the pygidium in two
masses is peculiar. The species is closely similar to A. Jwrticola,
but a little less narrowed in front.

376. Adoretus mus. (Plate V, fig. 35.)

Adoretus mus, Arrow, Ann. Mng. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914, p. 591.

Dark brown, with the head and thorax nearly black, and the
femora and abdomen beneath generally yellow.

It is a very small, narrow-bodied species, moderately thickly
clothed w^ith a rather rough grey pubescence, with intermingled
erect hairs, the pygidium entirely clothed with long erect hair.
The head is finely and closely rngose, the clypeus rather large
and semicircular. The pronotum is moderately closely punctured,
the front angles slightly and the hind angles very obtuse. The
elytra are rugosely punctured and devoid of costae and of lateral
carinae. The front tibia bears three nearly equidistant teeth, the
uppermost feeble and placed near the middle ; the longer claw of
the front and middle tarsi is minutely cleft, and the shorter claw
of the hind tarsus is less than half the length of the longer one.
The antennae are long, the third, fourth, and fifth joints nearly
equal in length, the sixth about twice as long, and the seventh
minute.

(S . The antennal club is very long.

I have not seen a female.

Length, 5"5-6 mm.; breadth, 3 mm.

Ceylon : Diyatalawa (T. Bahibriggc Fletcher, Sept.)

Tyi)e in the British Museum.

377. Adoretus distinguendus. (Plate V, figs. 38 & 39.)

Adoretus distinciiiendus, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii,
1914, p. 598. ■

Testaceous, with the tarsi, head, and an ill-defined patch on
each side of the middle line of the pronotum reddish ; fairh^

346 RUTELIlS^iE.

closely clothed with uniforii) short selfe, except upon th»
pygidiimi, which bears rather loiic erect hair.

It is elorip;ate, rather ])arallel-si(led, and depressed. The eyes
are large and prominent, the head closely granulated, except upon
the vertex, which is strongly punctured, and the clypeus is short
and transverse. The pronotuni is very short, strongly and closely
punctured, strongly rounded at the sides, with the front angles
nearly right angles and the hind angles entirely rounded off. Tlie
seutelluni and elytra are strongly and closely punctured, the cost a?
of the latter moderately distinct. The antennae are lO-jointed,
joints 3 to 7 regularly diminishing in length. The front tibia
bears three strong teeth, the second nearer to the terminal one
than to the third, and the longer claw of the front and middle
feet is cleft.

Length, 12 mm.; breadth, 5 mm.

Burma: Tbarrawaddy (G^. Q. Corbett).

Tt/jje in the British Museum.

It is closely related to A. crihratus, AVhite, and A. hirmamnf^
but differs from bi)th in having the hind angles of the pronotuni
completely rounded off. The pronotum is also less densely punc-
tured than that of A. cribratiis.

I have seen two males only. One of them is in Mr. H. E.
Andrewes' collection, the other has been given by him to the
National Collection.

378. Adoretus erythrocephahis.

MeJolo7itha erythrdcephala, Fabricius, Spec. Ids. i, 1781, p. 40 ;

Oliv., Ent. i, 5, 1789, p. 4], pi. vii, f. 80.
Anomala erythrocephala, Bium., Handb. Ent. iv, 1, 1844, p. 531.
Adoretus brahmamis, Obaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 479,

tig. 10 (new syn.).

Pale testaceous yellow, with the head and tarsi red-brown, and
the vertex black on each side. It is rather shining above and
evenly clothed with minute and not very dense pale setae.

The form is broad, ovate and convex. The clypeus is not large,
rather coarsely granulated, with the front margin semicircular
and strongly reflexed. The pronotum is very short, broad, and
coarsely punctured, with the sides rounded, the fi-ont angles not
very sharji and the hind angles rounded but not quite obsolete.
The scutellum bears large punctures, and the elytra are strongly
and moderately closely punctured, with two narrow discoidal
costse and a humeral one which is ratlier broad behind ; the epi-
pleural fold becomes indistinct before the middle of the elytral
margin. The pygidium and lower surface are moderately shining
and not densely setose. The front tibia bears three sharp teeth,
the two lowermost long and the tiiird rather minute ; the larger
claw of the front and middle feet is minutely cleft.

(5 . The pygidium is large and convex, and clothed with erect
but not long hair.

Leiigth, 9-9'o mm. ; breadth, 4'5-5*5 mm.

ADORETUS. 347

Madras : Coromaridel (according to Fabricius) ; Ceylon :
Colombo {Dr. A. WiUei/).

Type in tlie British Museum ; that of A. hrahimum^ in
Ur. Ohaus' collection.

The type is a female without legs. A second specimen in the
British Museum without definite locality is a male. The species
has a resemblance to A. renardi, Brenske, but the elytra ai'e
without thrt wide opaque epipleurse which characterize the latter.

Ohaus gives only the vague " Ostindien " as the habitat of his
^-1. hralinianns.

379. Adoretus bicolor.

Adoretus bicuhr, Bvenslie, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg". xxxvii, 1893, p. 142.
Adoretus calit/iiiofSHS, var. bicolor, Brenske, lud. Mus. Notes, 1900^
p. 38.

Bi'ight reddish-yellow, with the pronotum reddish, and the
head and tarsi rather deep red ; closely clothed above and
beneath with minute uuifoi'm decumbent setae.

It is convex, oval and moderately elongate. The clypeus and
forehead are coarsely granulated, the former semicircular, with a
strongly reflexed margin. The pronotum is densely but not very
minutely punctured ; the sides are strongly rounded, with the
front angles rather acute and the hind angles rounded off. The
elytra are strongly and closely punctured, with the costae distinct
and the epipleurae not developed. The pygidium is clothed with
erect but not very long setae. The front tibia is armed with three
strong ecpiidistant teeth, the longer claw of the front and middle
feet is uiiiiutely cleft, and the shorter claw of the hind feet is
about half as long as the longer. The antennae are 10-jointed.

(S . The clypeus is rather smaller than that of the female.

Length, 10-11 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

SiKKiM: Kurseong ; Bengal: Sarda (F. W. Champion), Cal-
cutta (Simson), Piisa (T. Bainbrigfje Fletcher, June); Central
Provinces: Jabalpur ; Bombay: Surat {H. Maxwell Lefroy^
June) ; Madras : Berhampur {E. T. Atkinson), Bangalore,
3000 fr. (May), Coimbatore (April), Kodumur, Kurnool (July).

The type (a single specimen from Kurseong) cannot be found
either in Brenske's collection (now the property of Capt. Moser)
or in the Koyal Museum at Brussels. I have seen, however, speci-
mens described bv Brenske under the same name (but treated as
a variety of A. ccdiijiaosns) in the Indian Museum. It was appa-
rently tills insect which Mas figured at the same time (Plate IV,
tigs. 1 & 2), but with the name of A. htuvjalorensis, the labels having
been transposed.

380. Adoretus decanus.

Adoretus decanus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 489, fig. 23.

Bright testaceous yellow, with the forehead and vertex of the
head, the pronotum (except the lateral margins), and a broad

348 eutelinjE.

siitural stripe upon the elyti-a, a little dilated round the scutellum,
very dark brown or black ; the clypeus, the extremities of the
tibiae and the tarsi are dark red.

It is elongate-oval in shape and moderately convex, with a
rather dense clothing of uniform decumbent setae. The head is
not very large, finely and densely granular, with the eyes rather
far apart and the clypeus broadly rounded. The pronotum is
very finely and densely punctured, with the sides strongly
rounded, the front angles nearly right angles and the hind angles
very obtuse. The scutellum is finely and densely punctured, and
the elytra strongly and confluently, with scarcely perceptible
costse. The pygidium is finely punctured and clothed with erect,
not very long, hairs. The legs are rather slender, the front tibise
armed with three sharp teeth, the uppermost one a little neai-er
to the second than that is to the first ; the longer front and
middle claws are bluntly toothed at the base and minutely cleft at
the tip, and the shorter hind claw is very strongly curved and less
than half the length of the other.

cJ . The longer claw of the front and middle feet is very
deeply notched a little beyond the base and very minutely cleft
at the tip.

Length, 8'5-9"5 mm.; breadth, 4-4*5 mm.

Centkal Pkovinces: Nagpur, 1000 ft. {E. A .D'Ahreu, June) ;
Bombay: Surat (//. Maxvell Lefroy, July), Belgaum (^11. E.
Andrewes).

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

This species very closely resembles A. suturalis, Arrow, but the
pronotum is more densely punctured and the head oF the male is
scarcely different from that of the female.

381. Adoretus suturalis. (Plate lY, fig?. 28 & 29.)

Adoretus suturalis, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Ili.st. (8) xiii, 1914,
p. 592.

Bright yellow, with the elytral suture, and usually also the fore-
head and the middle of the pronotum, black or dark brown, the
sutural line broad and dilated around the scutellum. The dark
patches ot" the head and thorax are sometimes divided into two
collateral masses.

It is elongate-oval, moderately convex, strongly but not densely
punctured, somewhat shining, and moderately densely clothed \\'ith
fine grey setae, not closel}'^ decumbent. The clypeus and forehead
are coarsely gi*anulated, the pronotum deeply but not densely
punctured, with the sides strongly rounded, the front angles
nearly right angles, and the hind angles very obtuse. The elytra
are strongly punctured, witii the costa3 indistinct and the epi-
pleurse not developed. The pygidium is clothed upon its apical
part with long erect hair. The front tibia bears three sharp
teeth, the uppermost rather nearer to the second than that is to
the first ; the longer claw is minutely cleft on the front and middle

AD0KETU3. ^"^^

feet and the shorter claw of the hind foot is extremely small.
The'antenna^ are 10- jointed Joints 3-6 elongate

^ . The clypeus is narrow and slightly flattened at its front
edge, and the eyes are very prominent.

5 The clypeus is semicircular.

Ze»i7<7/, 7-5-9 mm. ; breadth, 4-4-5 mm.

Ceylon: Welhnvaya {E. E. Oreen, Nov. , Diyataawa (2. B
Fletcher, Nov.), Kelani Valley, near Colombo (IF. Braxne),
Annradhapura (low country, Oct., Indian Museum).

Type in the British Museum.

382. Adoretus lasiopygus. (Plate V, fig. 36.)

Adoretus lasiopynus, Burni.,* Handb. Ent. iv, 2 1855, p. 530.
Adoretus eardoni, Brenske,* Ann. Soc. Ent Belg. xxxvn, 1893,
p. 141 ; id., lud. Mas. Notes, 1898, pi. xi, fig. 4.

Dark brown, becoming lighter upon the clypeus, scutellum,
sides of the pronotum and elytra, as well as on the pygidium, the
lower surface and the legs. It is rather densely clothed with grey
decumbent setce, intermixed with a few long erect hairs, and
with the pvgidium clothed with rather long erect hairs.

It is elon^!ite-oval in shape. The clypeus and forehead are
densely granuhited, the former semicircular, with the margin
strongly reflexed ; the vertex is strongly punctured. The pro-
notum "is strongly and moderately closely punctured with the
sides strongly rounded, the front angles blunt and the hind angles
very obtuse. The scutellum is closely punctured, and the elytra
densely and confluently, with the cost^ indistnict. The pygidmm
is coriaceous and not distinctly punctured. The antennae are 10-
iointed, ioints 3 to 7 regularly diminishing in length. The front
tibia is tridentate, the uppermost tooth minute and rather nearer
to the second than that is to the first, and the longer claw of the
front and middle feet is cleft. . .i r ^ i

cJ The clypeus is small, the longer claw of the front and
middle feet very minutely cleft, and the pygidium large.

L€ngf7i,9-5-12 mm.; breadth, 5-6 mm. ^ ^ ^^ _,

United PROVINCES : Allahabad {B. Lord, Aug.); Nepal; Sik-
KiM- MvmgphniE.T. Atkinson); Assam : Tej pur, Man gajdai Distr.
(S. W. Kemp, Oct.); Bengal: Tetara, Calcutta Khulna (Apr.,
lud Mus.), Sarda (P. W. Champion), Eanchi (Irvine), Tm^.ahar
and'Eaimahal {N. Annandale, July), Pusa (B. M X./m/, July,
Auo-) • Madras : Coimbatore, S. Arcot, Madras, Godavery Distr.
(TV.Bamah-ishna, Sept.), Bellary Distr. {T. Bainbri^ge Fletclier
Sept.), Trichinopoli {du Breuil) ; Ceylon: Annradhapura (i\.

Annandale, Oct.). . . ^ T\r^„„..'..

Type in the Halle Museum ; that of A. cardonim Capt. Mosei s
collection Co-tvpe of A. lasiopygus in the Geneva Museum.

In a southern Vace found in Ceylon and of xyhich I haye seen a
series (in the British Museum and M. Bene Oberthurs collection)

350

RUTELIN.^.

taken by Castets in Trichinopoli, the colour is almost uniformly
dark above, only the sides of the pronotum being a little paler.

This is an exceedingly abundant species in many parts of India
and is tlie one referred to in Mr. T. B. Metcher's '• fSome South
Indian Insects " by the incorrect name of AdovHus ovalis. It is
there stated to cause serious injut\y by devouring the leaves of the
^rape-vine and mango. Specimens sent from Pusa were taken
upon wild nettles, sugar-cane, Phaseolus radiatus, etc., so that the
mature insects are apjiarently general feeders. At Begum Serai,
in Bengal, it is stated to have done serious damage to vines,
attacking the fresh shoots after having absolutely stripped the
plants of every leaf. Its depredations are committed by night,
and during the daytime it may be found hiding in numbers just
beneath the surface soil in the neighbourliood of the plants
attacked.

■383. Adoretus versutus. (Plate V, tig. 42.)

Adoretus versHtns, Harold, Col. Hefte, v, 1809, p. 124; Scott,
Trans. Linn. See. xv, 1912, p. 235, pi. xii, tigs. 10-12.

Adoretus vestitus, Boh., Resa Eugen. 1858, p. 56 ; Oliaus, Entom.
Blatt. viii, 1912, p. 220.

Adoretus bauf/alorensi'!, Brenske,* Ind. Mns. Notes, v, 1900, p. 88.

Adoretus ritiettsis, Nontr., Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1891, p. 208.

Adoretus insularis, Fairm., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xli, 1897, p. 105.

Eeddish chestnut, with the forehead and pronotum, except the
«ides of the latter and sometimes a median line, dark and evenly
but not very densely clothed with grey decumbent setae.

Fig. IS.—Adorefus versutus, c? . Fig. 74. — Adoretus verstdus, § .

f'-^It is moderately broad and convex. The clypeus is coarsely
rugose, and the forehead and vertex are coarsely punctured, the
latter rather sparingly in the middle, where it is shining, and
more closely at the sides. The pronotum is also shining in the
middle, where it is coarsely but sparsely ])unetured and thinly
setose, both punctures and setae being closer at the sides. The
front angles are rathar acute, the hind obtuse but distinct.
The scutellum is strongly punctured, but smooth at the apex,

ADORETUS. 351

jiiicl the elytra strongly and deusely, with the costie distinct but
narrow. The pygidium is clothed with not very close or long
hair, which is erect near tlie apex. The front tibia is armed with
three strong acute teeth, the longer claw of each foot bears an
angular lamina at the base and on the front and middle feet is
slio-htly cleft. The shorter hind claw is rather more than half the
length of the other.

cJ . The eyes are large, and the clypeus small and transverse.
The pronotum is less convex than in the female and rather less
shinino-, and the pygidium is distinctly bare at the apex. The
loader front and middle claws are exceedingly minutely and
unequally cleft, and the middle one bears an obtuse tooth before
the middle of its inner edge, so that it appears as if notched near
the base.

2 . The body is broader and more convex, and generally larger,
than in the male. The clypeus is semicircular and rather large,
and the eyes are less large and prominent. The pronotum is very
shining, with large but very scanty punctures and few setse except
at the sides. Tue longer front and middle claws are equally and
more deeply cleft.

Length, 9-12 mm. ; breadth, 5-6 mm.

United PiiovtNCEs: Ranikhet (//. G. Champion, June to
Aug.), Jolikote (May) ; Bengal : Pusa (T. Bctinhrigge Fletcher,
May), Sunderbans, Calcutta {F. H. Gravely, March), Darbh-
anga, Murshidabad, Groalbathan {R. Hodgart, July); Central
Provinces: Jabalpur ; Madras: Coimbatore (?'. V. Rama-
h'ishna, June), Bellary, Seruguppa ( T. V. Ramah-ishna, July),
Trichinopoli (./. Caste ts) ; Ceylon: Dikoya, 4000 ft. (G.Lewis,
Feb.) ; Malay Peninsula ; Java •, Fiji Is. ; Samoa ; Tongatabu :
Mauritius ; Seychelles Is, : St. Helena.

The figures in Ind. Mus. Notes, 1900, pi. iv, supposed to
represent this sjiecies under the name of Adoretus hangalorensis,
Brenske, appear to have been drawn from A. bicolor, Brenske, and
vice versa, the labels of the two insects having been transposed in
the Indian Museum.

Tlie name vestitns cannot be used, having been previously given
by Keiche to another species of Adoretus.

This extremely common and widely-distributed species seems
to have a partiality for rose-leaves, but Mr. Gravely has also
found it in large numbers feeding upon Cannas and Lagerstroemia
in Calcutta; in Samoa it is found to be a pest of cacao, and it is
also reported as injurious to vines. At Pusa it has been found
undero-round in an indigo-field and also at the roots of oats in
May • at Jolikote it was taken at the same time of year upon
apple seedlings and also on a loquat tree. Like most species of
the genus it lies hidden by day, and feeds and flies by night. In
Simoa larvae are found at all times of the year at the roots of
grasses and other plants. This beetle and the damage caused by
it in Samoa is the subject of a special report by K. Friederichs in
Zeits. Wissen. Insectenbiol., Berlin, x, 2, 1914, pp. 41-47.

352 RUTELIIfjE.

384. Adoretus latirostris.

Acloretus latirostris, Ohaiis, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 496,
fig. 30.

Very dark brown, with the sides of the pronotuni, the scutellum,
the antennae, femora, tibia) and sternum testaceous, and clothed
very densely with fine uniform grey pubescence.

It is elongate-oval and not very convex. The clypeus is large,
nearly semicircular, and finely and densely granulated, with the
margin strongly retlexed ; the forehead and vertex are finely and
closely punctured. The pronotum is also finely and densely punc-
tured, with the sides straight in front, strongly rounded behind,
the front angles rather acute and the hind angles almost rounded
off. The scutellum is finely and closely punctured, and the elytra
densely, with rather indistinct costae. The ])ygidium is clothed
with uniform, erect, but not very long hair. The legs are rather
slender ; the front tibia is armed with three very strong teeth,
the uppermost nearer to the second than that is to the first ; the
longer claw of the front and middle feet is minutely cleft, and
the shorter hind claw extremely short. The rostral part of the
labrum of this species is very broad, flat and shining.

(S . The eyes are large and prominent, and the longer front and
middle claws are extremely minutely cleft at a distance from the
apex.

2 . The head is large, the clypeus very large and rather para-
bolic, and the eyes relatively small. The rostrum is much broader
than in the male.

Leiigtli, 10-5 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

Bombay : Belgaum {H. E. Andreives) ; Madras : Nilgiri Hills
(/Sir G. F. Hampson).

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection or that of the Berlin Entomo-
logical Museum.

A single specimen remaining in Mr. Andrewes' collection is
from the same source as the type, which was not returned by the
late Dr. Kraatz when lent to him by Mr. Andrewes for deter-
mination many years ago.

385. Adoretus infans. (Plate A", fig. 41.)

Adoretus infcms, Arrow, Anu. Mag. Nat. [Hist. (8) xiii, 1914,
p. 590.

Pale testaceous, with the head, pronotum, and tarsi reddish,
strongly and closely punctured above, and thickly clothed with
fine, rather long, grey decumbent hairs, interspersed with a few-
longer erect hairs.

It is elongate and moderately convex, with a large head, very
prominent eyes, and semicircular clypeus, which is closely granu-
lated. The "forehead and pronotum are deeply and closely punc-
tured, the sides of the latter straight in front and the angles right
angles, strongly rounded behind and the angles very obtuse. The
elytra are strongly and closely but not rugosely punctured, the

ADOEETUS. 353

costsB rather indistinct and the epipleiirte uudeveloped. The
P3'gidiura is clothed with long erect hair. The front tibia bears
three sharp but not strong equidistant teeth ; the longer claw is
minutely cleft in the front and middle feet, and the shorter claw
of the hind foot is much less than half the length of the lon<>-er.
The antenna? are lU-jointed, joints 3 and 6 longer than 4 and 5,

(S . The body is uuich narrower in shape, the eyes larger, and
the clypeus smaller, than in the female.

Len(/th, 8'5-10 mm. ; breadtli, 4-4*5 mm.

Ceylon : Eppawela, North Central Prov. (E. E. Green, Sept.).

Type in the British Museum.

386. Adoretiis feminalis. (Plate V, fig. 44.)

Adurvtus feminalis, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii, 1914,

p. 590.
Adoretiis infuscatus, Obaiis, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 483,

fig. 15 (new syu.).

Brown, with the sides of the pronotum and the sides or the
whole of the elytra paler.

It is rather short and ovate, and uniformly clothed with mode-
rately dense short greyish setse. The clypeus is semicircular and
granulricd and the eyes are not large ; the forehead is strongly and
rather rugosely punctured ; and the pronotum is short, moderately
closely and finely punctured, with the front angles right angles and
the hind angles rounded off. The scutellum and elytra are closely
and distinctly punctured, the costsenpon the latter are narrow and
distinct, and the epipleurse are not continued behind. The pygidium
is shallowly pitted or punctured and clothed with setae, which are
erect only at the apical part. The sides of the metasternum are
strongly punctured. The front tibia is armed with three acute
equidistant teeth, the longer claw of the front and middle feet
is cleft, and the shorter claw of the hind foot is more than half
the length of the other. The antenna consists of ten joints, the
third to the sixth progressively diunnishing in size.

S . The clypeus is rather small, and the longer front and middle
claws are very minutely cleft.

Lenr/th, 9'5-10 mm. ; breadth, 5*5 mm.

Ceylon : Kandy (Gilles), Peradeniya (E. E. Green, Nov.),
Colombo {E. E. Green, March).

Type in the British Museum.

387. Adoretus bengalensis. (Plate V, fig. 49.)

Adoretiis benyalensis, Bren.?ke,* Ann. See. Ent, Belg. xxxvii, 1893
p. 142.

Dark brown, with the forehead almost black, the legs pale, and
the posterior part of the outer margins of the elytra and an
elongate patch upon the apical callus vaguely reddish. It is
rather thickly clothed above and beneath with uniform decumbent
greyish hair.

It is long, narrow and parallel-sided. The clypeus is rather

2a

354 RTTTELINJE.

large, very shining and not closely punctured, semicircular in
shape, witli the margin strongly reflexed ; the eyes are large and
prominent, and the t'orehe:i,d densely punctured. The pronotum
is densely punctured, with the sides curved and all the angles
indicated but obtuse. The elytra are closely and rather shallowly
pitted, and the costse are narrow and moderately distinct. The
pygidiura is moderately punctured and closely clothed with hair,
which forms a moderately long outstanding tuft at the extremity.
The antennae are 10-jointed. The front tibia is armed with
three acute teeth, which occupy nearly half its length, the second
rather nearer to the third than to the first ; the tarsi are
moderately long and slender, and the shorter claw of the hind
foot is reduced to a vestige.

c? • The longer front and middle claws are bent and thickened
towards the end and only very minutely cleft.

Length, 8 mm. ; breadth, 4-4'5 mm.

Bengal: Konbir, Tetara(type); Bombay, North Kanara(r. 72. Z>.
Bell).

Type in Capt. Moser's collection.

388. Adoretus pusilhis, sp. nov. (Plate V, fig, 47.)

Dark brown, with the clypeus, the sides of the pronotum and
elytra, and the humeral and apical calli rather vaguely paler ; the
sternum and legs (except the tarsi) are yellowish, and the abdomen
is generally darker beneath.

It is elongate-oval and moderately convex, closely clothed above
with fine and rather uniform grey bair, the elytra having extremely
few longer erect liairs. The head is moderately large and closely
granulated ; the eyes are prominent, and the clypeus semicircular,
with strongly reflexed margins. The pronotum is strongly, closely
and rather confusedly punctured, with the sides well rounded,
the front angles nearly right angles and the hind angles very
obtuse. The elytra are confluently punctured and have moderately
well developed costae. The pygidium is minutely rugose and
clothed witli fine decumbent hair, which is only a little longer at
the apex. The front tibia is armed with three sharp, nearly
equidistant teeth, and the longer front and middle claws are cleft
at the tip.

c? . The longer front and middle claws are dilated towards the
end and excised near the base.

Lemjth, 8-8*5 mm. ; breadth, 4 mm.

Bombay : Kasana (July), Igatpuri (July).

Ty2)e in the British Museum ; co-types in the x\gricultural
Research Institute, Piisa.

Exceedingly like A. hengalensis, Brenske, and almost identical
in size, shape and colouring, but rather more strongly punctured,
the punctures of the pronotum, in particular, being larger and
more distinct. The costse are also more distinctly developed upon
the elytra ; the elytral clothing is more uniform and the erect
setae are very few.

A.DOEETUS. 355

■389, Adoretus fusciceps, sp. nov. (Plate V, figs. 30 & 31.)

Testaceous yellow, with the clypeus dcark red, the forehead and
vertex nearly hlack, the pronotum with an indefinite reddish
patch on each side, and the tarsi reddish.

It is oblong, rather elongate, moderately convex, and very
closely and evenly clothed all over with very fine decumbent grey
hairs. The head is moderately large, with the clypeus rather
short, closely studded with minute granules and its front margin
evenly rounded ; the forehead and vertex are densely rugosely
granulated. The pronotum is finely and densely punctured, with
the sides straight in front, tlie front angles acute and the hind
angles completely rounded away. The scutellum is closely
punctured, and the elytra are closely pitted, the intervals minutely
punctulated and the costse rather well marked ; the epipleurse are
not complete. The pygidium is closely clothed with very short
and almost uniform hairs. The front tibia is armed with three
very strong but not sharp teeth, the longer front and middle
claws are minutely cleft at the extremity, and the shorter hind
claw is about half the length of the longer one.

c? . The pygidium is very convex and the longer front claw
very unequally cleft.

Lenrjili, 11-5 mm. ; breadth, 6 nun.

Burma: Tharrawaddy (6^. Q. Corhett).

Type in the British Museum.

This is extremely similar to A. caUginosus, Burm. It is a little
less convex and cylindrical, and the head is rather larger in pro-
portion. The prothorax is less distinctly darkened, but there is
generally a vaguely darker patch on each side of the middle. The
bifurcated sedeagus of the male enables it to be distinguished at

390. Adoretus caliginosus.

Adoretus calit/iiiosus, Burra.,* Haudb. Ent. \v, 1, 1841, p. 471.
Adoretus nudostriatus, Ohaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 482,
fig. 14 (new syu.).

Ferrugineous red or reddish testaceous, usually with the head
and pronotum (or the middle of the latter) darker ; the vertex
of the head black. The entire surface is closely and evenly
clothed with exceedingly minute decumbent grey setae.

It is convex and cylindrical in shape, moderately elongate, with
the head not very broad and the eyes of moderate size onl3^ The
head is densely granulated all over and the clypeus almost serai-
circular. The pronotum and scutellum are extremely finely and
densely punctate-rugose, the former rounded at the sides, with
the front angles acute and the hind angles entirely rounded off
The elytra are closely punctured and their costae scarcely elevated,
but fairly well-marked and not very narrow. The pygidium is
■clothed with setae, which are erect but extremely short. The

2a2

356 BDTELIN.E.

anteunse are 10-jointed. The front tibia is armed with three-
sharp equidistant teeth ; all the tarsi are rather slender, and the
longer claw of the front and middle feet is cleft.

The two sexes are almost alike, except in the short pygidium.
and convex abdomen of the female.

Length, 10*5-ll-5 mm.; breadth, 5-5 mm.

Punjab: Kangra Valley, 4500 ft, {G. C. Dudgeon, July);
SiKKiM : Mungphu (E. T. uitJcinson) ; BENGAL: Sarda {F. W.
Cliampion); BOMBAY: Belgaum (//. E. Andrewes), Bandra (Dr.
Jaydlar); Madras: Nilgiri Hills, 3500 ft. (//. L. Aadreives^
April) ; Burma : Rangoon (according to Ohaus).

The last locality requires confiriuation.

Type in the Halle Museum.

Sometimes (probably only in very fresh specimens) the elytral
striae are marked by fine bare lines dividing the pubescence, as
described in his A. midostriaius by Ohaus, but these lines are
evidently easily obliterated. That this is not a distinct form is
shown by Ohaus' figure of the aedeagus, which is identical with
that of Burineister's type, which I have examined.

Species of uncertain position.

391. Adoretus brachypygus.

Adoretiis brachypygus, Burm., Haudb. Ent. iv, 2, 1855, p. 5-30.

" Testaceous, shining, slightly pubescent, with the vertex dark,
the clypeus parabolically elongate. Pygidium of tlie $ short,
the ventral part tumid. Length, 5 1.

Porm and colouring as in A. ccdiginosus, but more shining,
because the puucturation is lighter and the hairy clothing much
sparser. Clypeus elongate parabolic. Vertex dark red-brown.
Pronotum very pale reddish-yellow, very sj^aringly pubescent.
Elytra Avith the usual slight costse. Pygidium extremely short,
but the last abdominal segment strongly convex, bent u^jwards.
Front tibia m ith three strong teeth and some slight serrations
above them."

India. Collected by Major Boys. Received from Mr. Melly.
Type in the Halle Museum.

Burmeister evidently did not know the male of this, and the
name he has given it describes a constant feature of female Adoreti.
Dr. Prey-Gessner, Avho is in charge of the Melly Collection at
Geneva, has kindly sent me a male specimen supposed to be a
co-type. Probably it was taken by Boys together with the type-
specimen, but was retained by Melly and the female sent to
Burmeister, who placed it in the Halle collection. There are
also two males taken by Major Beys in the Hope Collection at
Oxford, which agree in most respects with the female type, but
belong to a different species from the Geneva specimen. It is
theiefore doubtful which is Burmeister's species.

.U30UETUS.

357

392. Adoretus progrediens.

Adoretus proqrediem, Oliaiis, Deutsclie Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 489
fig. 22.

S . " Most nearly related to A. simplex. Sharp, but smaller ;
reddish yellow, slightly shiuing, coarsely punctured and quite
sparingly clothed with short grey hairs ; the head rather brownish,
with a slight metallic lustre. Clypeus semicircular, with the
brown margin a little produced and more elevated in the middle,
the surface sparingly transversely rugose and thinly hairy ;
clypeal suture a little produced backwards in the middle ; fore-
head and vertex covered with coai'se short transverse impressions
derived from confluent ocellate punctures, thinly hairy, with only
tlie middle of the vertex smooth and shining. Thorax only
twice as broad as long, with the front margin produced forwards
and the hind margin produced backwards in the middle, the sides
dilated in the middle ; the rectangular front angles slightly
produced, the very blunt hind angles scarcely ronnded, the marginal
stria well developed all round, and closely and shortly hairy ; the
upper surface with sparse horseshoe-shaped punctures, each
bearing a quite short grey hair. Upon the elytra the costae are
prominent, the primary rows of punctures regular, and the punc-
tures in these and in the intervals coarse, deeply impressed and
at the bottom black surrounded with brown ; the upper surface
thinly clothed with short hairs, which spring, not from the deep
punctures, but from the smooth surface; epipleurae short and
narrow, with a narrow membranous margin. Propygidium with a
rather produced hind margin, from wliich arises a thick fringe of
hairs. Pygidiura rather closely and finely'rngose, rather prominent
before the apex and with longer hairs there. Legs rather strong :
front tibipD with three equidistant teeth, middle and hind tibiae
•each with two obsolete sharp spinose carinse.

" Len.f/th, 9 mm. ; breadth, 4 ram.

" Bengal."

Ty^9e in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

This species is very closely related to A. incurvatus, Ohaus.

393. Adoretus siloniciis.

Chcetadoretus siloiiicus, Ohaus, Deutsche Eut. Zeits. 1014, p. 493,
tig. 27.

"Elongate-oval, 6 parallel-sided, ? a little dilated, rather
convex; above reddish testaceous, with the head and thorax dark
brown, the lower surface entirely bright yellow, including legs
iind antennjB, or dark in the middle of the sternum and abdomen.
Clypeus semicircular in S ^^^ 2 , reddish, with the black margin
finely reflexed, the clypeal sutiu-e straight, the surfnce covered
with moderately close and fine granules, behind which short
white hairs arise ; the forehead closely and confluently, the vertex
less closely, covered with annular punctures, with greyish-white
hairs directed backwards, and isolated longer yellow bristles near

358 rvUTELIl!fiE.

the eyes. Thorax rather more than twice as broad as long, with-
the hind margin straight, the front margin strongly prominent iiii
the middle, the sides dilated in tlie middle, the blunt hind angles-
slightly rounded, the right-angled front angles in the J scarcely,,
in the $ more distinctly, produced; the surface closely covered
with lai'ge annular punctures and rather erect greyish-white hairs,
with longer erect bristles upon the anterior part of the disc and
in the encircling marginal furrow. The pi'imary rows of punctures
are rather distinct upon the elytra, the primary costal almost
obsolete, in the $ more so than in the c? ; the surface is every-
where closely and confluently punctured, with short ti^ansverse
rugae between ; the apical calli only are smooth and bare, the
remaining surface rather thickly clothed with white hairs, amongst
which, upon the primary costse, ai'e long erect white bristles ; the
epipleurse are very short and narrow. Pygidium moderately long
and convex, closely, finely and rugosely punctured, clothed with
erect hair, and slightly prominent before the apex, which in the
(S is broadly truncated. Legs rather slender, front tibiae tri-
dentate, with the apical tooth exceedingly long in the $ and the
basal one almost obsolete in the S , the middle tibite scarcely,
and the hind tibiae a little, dilated, each with a sharp spiuose carina.
Rostrum quite indistinctly, shortly and finely carinate. Antenna!
club elongate in the c5' .

''Length, 8-9 mm. ; breadth, 3*5 mm.

" Ceylon : Kandy."

Ti/2)e in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

394. Adoretus gymnotopus.

Chcetadoretuft gymnotopus, Ohaus, Deutsche Eiit. Zeits. 1914, p. 498,.
fig. 32.

" Nearly related to A. crihratus, White, but smaller, more
strongly dilated behind and more convex. Clypeus longer than
in A. cribraius, almost semicircular, with a highly reflexed black
margin, closely covered, like the head, Avith small ocellate and
confluent punctui'es. Thorax more sparingly covered with larger
ocellate punctures. Elytra with slightly prominent costse, and
everywhere closely covered with smaller confluent ocellate punc-
tures and fine transverse corrugations ; only a few small erect
white bristles upon the primary costae ; epipleurae short and
narrow. Pygidium rather long, with the apex rounded, closely
punctured, thickly clothed with long greyish-yellow hairs, which
are longer in the middle and form a tuft, between Avhich and the
apex lies a round smooth sliining spot. Legs slender, front tibiae
with three sharp teeth, the middle and basal ones approximated ;
middle tibitc slender, with two sliglit sharp spinose carinae ; hind
tibiae only a little thickened, with one slight, shoi"t spinose carina,
liostrum with a short fine carina ; labrum not carinate.

" Length, 9 mm. ; breadth, 4-5 mm.

"Bengal: Barway, Chota Nagpur."

Type in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

ADOEETUS.

359

395. Adoretus nietncri.

Lepadoretus nietneri, Oliaus, Deutsche Ent. Zeits. 1914, p. 507.

" Elongate-oval, moderately convex, blackish brown, with reddish
yellow legs, closely punctured all over, not very shining, so thickly
clothed with short white or greyish-white decumbent scales that
the surface is entirely covered. Clypeus semicircular, with slightly
reflexed margin ; clypeal suture straight. IVont and hind margins
of the pronotum almost straight, the sides shglitly widened in the
middle, the blunt hind angles not rounded, the nearly right-angled
front augles slightly produced. On the elytra the primary costse
are slightly raised and appear in a certain light a little paler than
the intervals ; the scales are everywhere rather evenly distributed,
but upon the apical callus there is a longer tuft of hairs, which
is broader than usual ; outside of and before this hair-tuft is a
blackish-browu bare spot, sometimes absent ; epipleurse almost
absent. Pygidium with a small eminence before the extremity,
the area between the two bare, the eminence and its immediate
neighbourhood with long erect whitish-yellow scaly hairs. Legs
short and stout ; front tibiae with three sharp teeth, middle and
hind tibije with two short oblique obsolete spinose carinae.

" The paramera of the sedeagus are united as far as the apices
and closed above, so that the aperture is on the ventral side.

^^ Length, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.

" Ceylon (Metner)."

Tyi)e in Dr. Ohaus' collection.

Subfamily DESMONYCIN^.

This subfamily is formed for a single insect, of which only the
male is yet known. It has so far been found only on a single
occasion by the late skilful and successful collector, Doherty, but
for whose premature death in East Africa our knowledge of
tropical insect-life would undoubtedly have advanced much more
than it has done. Of the habits of this isolated insect nothing
whatever is known. Erom the greatly developed antennal club
of the male, the character of the organs of the mouth, and the
fact that half a dozen specimens taken by Doherty are all of
the same sex, it is probable that the adult life is short and the
female has sluggish and retiring habits quite different from those
of the male.

The structure of the head and mouth are very pecuhar. The
clypeus is strongly constricted between the points of insertion of
the antennae and divided in front into three diverging lobes,
Avhich are all curved upwards. The labriim is extruded as a
narrow tongue or tubercle projecting between the long slender
mandibles. This structure is entirely unlike anything found in
any other subfamily of Pleurostict Lamellicornia. All the mouth-
parts appear to be in a degenerate condition, the mandibles.

360 DESMONTCINiE.

altliougb long and sharp, being ])robab]7, feeble and of no use as
biting organs, wbile the maxillae have completely lost all biting
parts and are reduced to mere supports lor tlie well-developed
sensory palpi. The legs are slender and on the whole most like
those of certain Dynastin^, and the claws are simple and
symmetrical, except that, as in some Dynastin^, the inner front
claw bears a broad lobe, peculiar no doubt to the male.

This curious form seems on the whole to resemble a Chilian
genus, Oryctomorplius, more than any other known beetle. It
has certain points of resemblance, for example, in the method of
articulation of the front femur and tibia, to the Pabastasiini,
but the occurrence of four external teeth upon the tibia is
unknown in any Ruteline, while the simple symmetrical claws of
the four posterior feet connect it rather with tlie Dynastin^, to
M hich it is undoubtedly related. The lobed front claws of the
male and the produced mandibles are shared with the two other
subfamilies, but the shape of the clypeus and the conformation
of the organs of the mouth are quite foreign to both these groups.

Although agreeing with Peltonotus in having the labrum ex-
truded, the form of that organ is entirely different, and the
correspondence probably implies nothing more than the retention
by both of a primitive feature. In nearly every other respect
the two genera are widely different.

Genus DESMONYX.
Desmonyx, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xix, 1907, p. 355.
Type, Desmonyx Jiumeralis, Ari*ow.

Range. Burma.

Body compact and hairy, with ratlier slender legs. Eyes not
large, but very prominent. Clypeus very narrow at the base,
dilating a little in front of the antennas, trilobed in front, with
the lobes curved upwards, the middle one sharp and the lateral
ones rounded. Antennae 10-jointed, the first joint clubbed, the
2nd globulai-, the 3rd to the 6th elongate, the 7th short, and the
last three forming a club longer (in the male) than the footstalk.
The labrum is extruded, forming a narrow finger-like process
clothed with long hairs. The mandibles are long and narrow,
tapering to a sharp point and strongly curved at the ends, which
extend beyond the clypeus. The njaxillae are atrophied, without
lobes or teeth, but with rather long 4-jointed palpi, the last joint
large and fusiform. The labium is a simple rounded lobe, with
the 3-jointed palpi placed near the extremity, their terminal joint
large and fusiform. The pronotum is transverse, with the sides
and base rounded, and the angles not sharp. The scutellum is
large and nearly semicircular. The front coxae are prominent and
contiguous, the middle coxte separated and the mesosternuni
elevated between them but not produced. The front tibia is
armed with four external teeth at unequal distances, the upper-

DESMO]»fTX. 361

most one very bliiut and the others long and sharp. Near its
articulation with the femur it is rather abruptly narrowed, leaving
a projection which interlocks with the femur. The four posterior
tibia) are very spinose externally and clothed with very long hairs.
The tarsi are rather slender, and the claws long and slender, those
of the four posterior feet simple and equal.

The front tarsi of the male are rather thickened, the penultimate
joint has a lobe beneath, and the claws are iinequal, the inner one
very widely cleft and its lower branch broad.

Only a single species is known,

396. Desmonyx humeralis.

Desmonyx humeralis, Arrow, 1. c. p. 350.

Dark mahogany-brown, with the back of the head, the middle
of the prothorax, the scutellum and the anterior part of the elytra,
as well as the club of the antenna, black, and with two yellow spots
near the anterior border of each elytron — one near the scutellum,
and a rather smaller one a little behind and outside the first.

It is a small, shortly ovate insect, com-
pactly built, with the entire surface,
except the doi'sal part of the elytra,
clothed, although not verj^ thickly, with
erect hair. The upper surface is coarsely
and rugosely punctured. The clypeus is
finely rugose, broad and trilobed in front,
strongly constricted at the base of the
antemise. The prothorax is coarsely punc-
lured, channelled along the middle, broadly
rounded at tlie base, with the front angles
acute and the hind angles rounded. The
Y\<r 'Jo — Desmonyx scutellum is nearly semicircular and finely
'^humeralis, S- punctured. The elytra are coarsely punc-

tate-striate, with the intervals rugose.
The pygidium is minutely punctured and shining.

(5. The antennal club is very long; the last joint of the front
tarsus is enlarged, the inner claw thickened and very widely cleft,
and the fourth joint produced beneath the claw-joint ; the other
claws are simple, slender and equal.
5 unknown.

Length, 9-10 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.
Burma : Euby Mines ( W. Doherty).
Type in the British Museum.

362 ECCHIEIN.^.

Subfamily EUCHIRIN^.

This group consists of a very small number of species, peculiar
to the East, which for their size and aspect are amongst the most
striking of all beetles. Eleven in all are at present recognised,
of which four are found in India, two more in adjacent regions,
two in Southern China, one in the Philippine Islands, one (the first
and best known) in the Malayan Islands of Ceram and Amboyna,
and the last in Asia Minor and even so far westward as the environs
of Constantinople. These insects have no veryintimate relationship
with any others dealt with in this volume, but present so curious a
combination of features as to make their actual origin and affinities
the subject of long-continued debate. In habits they resemble the
Stag-beetles (Luoanid^e), feeding in the larval stage in and upon
the decaying interiors of old tree-trunks, and when mature upon
the sweet exudations from various trees.

The most striking characteristic of the group is the enormous
elongation of the fore-legs in the males. This phenomenon occurs
in most of the principal groups of Lamellicornia, and in a very
marked degree in some Dynasti^.e and Cetoniust^, but in no
other group does it attain the extreme development found in the
EucHiRiN.E, in well-developed specimens of which the fore-legs are
much longer than the body. The femur, tibia, and (in Propo-
macrvs, but not in Euchirus) the tarsus share in the elongation,
the femur and tibia especially being very slender and distorted in
strange irregular curves, which, in conjunction with various spines
and short branches given oS at irregular intervals and angles,
produce the appearance of dry twijrs, at least in the Indian and
Malayan species. In Proi)omac)'ns himucronatus and P. Javidi the
inner edge of the tibia carries a close fringe of golden hairs, and
the mimetic resemblance is therefore absent, so that no adequate
explanation of the phenomenon is supplied by the theory of pro-
tection afforded to the insects by the mimetic assimilation to their
environment ; although it seems probable that the particular forms
assumed by these extraordinary limbs in the majority of the
species may be accounted for in this way. A further difficulty is
presented by the fact that the modification is confined to the male
sex — the one which less requires protection for the sake of the
continuance of the species, its effective life being shorter than that
of the female.

The unwieldy fore-legs have their joints so formed as to be
capable of an altogether exceptional degree of movement, allowing
the femora to be thrown back over the sides of the elytra and the
tibiae doubled upon them, so that in the position of rest the limbs
are packed closely against the body. According to A. R. Wallace
the beetles are sluggish (he referred to Eucldnis Jongimanus) and
"drag themselves lazily along by means of their immense fore-
legs." A feature of some importance is the complete absence
from the front tibia of the male of the movable terminal spine or

EUCHIKIN^. 363

spur found in the female, as it is in both sexes of nearly all other
Lamellicornia. In the latter sex the fore-legs are of normal
length, with the tibia rather flat and broad, and bearing at the
outer edge an indefinite number of sharp teeth. The front coxae
are not perpendicular, as in the Cetoniin.?;, but spread out trans-
versely, like those of Rutelin.b and Melolonthin^. They are
nearly contiguous in the females, but strongly diverge in the males,
so that a large gap is formed between them. The two hinder
pairs of legs are moderately slender, the tibiae furnished with
numerous sharp spines pointing backwards, but not, as usuaU
arranged in transverse or oblique rows. In the females the ends
of the hind tibiae are rather expanded or trumpet-shaped, and the
outer rims in both sexes are fringed with sharp spines. The front
tarsi in both sexes ai'e longer than the others, and the two basal
joints of all are produced beneath into rather strong spines.
These are especially developed in the females, but the males have
in addition aiv array of rough horny projections upon the lower
surface of the tarsi, which are not present in the females.
Evidently the beetles have rather special clinging powers, but this
may only be necessitated by their bulky form. The claws are
strong, fixed and symmetrical, alike upon all the feet of male and
female, and strongly toothed beneath near the middle, a form of
claw only found in the foliage-feeding Melolonthix,i: amongst
the other Lamellicornia. Between the claws is a well-developed
pulvillus, bearing at the end two long sensory hairs.

It has been asserted (by von Heyden) that the long-legged
individuals are the females and not the males, but this is entirely
wrong. In addition to the various differences in the legs already-
mentioned, the former are distinguished by having all the tarsi
shorter than in the males, the pygidium more protruding and not
vertical, and by more or less pronounced differences in the shape
of the pronotnm, which is relatively shorter than that of the male
in the genus Eachiriis, and relatively longer in Propomacrvs.

The head is not large, nor the eyes very prominent, but the
clypeus is fairly well developed, rather hollowed out above, with a
broad flat anterior face. The antennae are very short, stout and
compact, alike in both sexes, with the six joints between the scape
and the three-jointed club very short and closely packed. There
is a peculiarity in the club which I believe is shared with no
other Pleurostict Lamellicorn and which, so far as I know, has
never been noticed hitherto, even the various figures which have
been published generally misrepresenting the actual structure.
The two external lamellae are hollowed on their inner faces and
their edges meet, so that they completely enclose, except near its
base, the middle lamella, which is smaller, shorter and thinner
and no doubt forms the most sensitive and important part of
the organ. A similar structure occurs in the Geotrupid genus
Bolboceras, and it probably implies either special delicacy of the
sensory surfaces of the antennal club, or some special risk of
injury to those surfaces in the particular habits of the insects.

364 EUCHIKIN.Ti:.

The organs of the inoulh clearly indicate the liquid nature of
the food taken by the mature beetles. There are no cutting or
grinding parts, and the apparatus rather closely resembles that
of the Cetoniix.e ; but this in my opinion is due rather to con-
vergent development than to any close relationship. The labrum
is extruded, highly chitinous and fringed with hairs (not mem-
branous and concealed, as in the CETONiiNyE and Dykastin^) ;
the mandibles are only chitinous externally, the inner half being
completely membranous or leathery and thickly covered with hair,
the hard chitinous part not extending to the tip, as in the
Cbtoniinve. The maxilla consists of a single lobe, with two or
three slight blunt teeth internally ; it is almost covered with long
hairs, which form a very long brush at the end. The labium is
short, with a well-marked broad ligula, tufted on each side, and all
the palpi are rather stout.

There is no production either of the prosternum or meso-
sternum, all but the front coxa? reach the middle line of tlie body,
and the mesothoracic epimera do not ascend between the pronotum
and elytra, as in the Cetoniix.e. The elytra are long, nearly
covering the abdomen, and have fairly well-developed epipleurae.
The pygidium is rather small, and the abdomen consists of six
segments beneatli, divided by complete sutures.

The size of these creatures, as well as their elongate fore-legs,
not unnaturally led the early systematists to associate them with
the giant Dynastiiv^e, but they have none of the actual distinctive
features of that group, and their mouth-apparatus and claws
-emphatically exclude them equally from that and from the
BuTELiNiE. It has been said above that the organs of the moutli
have a marked resemblance to those of the CETONii^S'iE, and this
led Burmeister to refer them positively to that group, declaring
the genus Inca to be that most nearly related to them. But the
general conformation of the body is very different from that charac-
teristic of the Cetoniin.e, while the horny extruded labrum, the
toothed claws, transverse front coxae, and other features, are entirely
alien to tliem. An actual comparison with the American genus
Inca reveals extremely little real similarity. There remains the
Meeolonthin.e, to which alone, as Klag and Erichson first
recognised, the toothed claws assimilate them, and it is to those,
as is now generally admitted, that they are actually most nearly
allied. A careful comparison of any species of Euchieiis'^ with a
primitive Melolonthine genus, such as Pacliytricha, will show no
such dissimilarity in the structure of the mouth-parts, legs, or any
other part, as appears on comparison w ith Inca. The large size and
general peculiarity of appearance of the insects, rather tlian any
particular structural features, have probably been responsible for
their exclusion from this large and not very homogeneous group ;
but this exclusion is no doubt justified and the box-like form of
the antennal club, hitherto unnoticed, may be I'egarded as an
important diagnostic chai-acter of the subfamily.

No light upon this interesting little group has hitherto been

EUCHiRiiS'.i;. 365

obtained, so far as I am aware, from tlie study of the immature
stages. Happil}^ a series of specimens of Projwnutcrus hi-
mucionatus in all its stages exists in the British Museum. Tlie
Karva has the familiar strongly curved form and is rather less
elongated than those of the MELOLONTHixiE and Rutelinje
known to me, but more so than the larva of Cetonia. The legs,
M'hile longer than those of the latter, are much shorter than
usual in the Melolonthin.t:, and the antennic are also shorter,
but with tlie penultimate joint produced into a strong tooth.
The smooth terminal segment of the abdomen is about equal
in length to the two preceding ones and mucli shorter thati
is usual, except in the CETONiiNiE, but it is completely divided
by a transverse fold, instead of being entii'e, as specially cha-
racteristic of the latter group. (In the Tkichiini, to which
Burmeister referred these insects, a fold is traceable dorsally,
but is not complete.) There is only a very thin clothing of
tine hair, but the corrugated dorsal segments bear fairly close-set
backw^ardly-directed spines. The ventral side of the last segment
has a bare median line, on each side of which is a broad patch of
evenly-distributed similar spines. The anal orifice is situated
dorsally and is longitudinal, with a broad triangular flap covering
its anterior end. The longitudinal position is exceptional, but
is perhaps a primitive character, being found in Lucanid^e,
PassalidtE, Trogin^, and, according to Ferris, in a genus of
MELOLONTHiNiE, viz. Triodonta.

Beyond the facts that the larvae feed upon decaying wood
and the mature insects upon the sw'eet exudations from certain
trees, we know practically nothing as to the habits of the
EucHiRi'PfiE. The only reference to those of an Indian species
is, I believe, in a letter, dated the 28th July, 1847, from
Capt. T. Rutton, of the East India Companj'^, published in the
' Transactions of the Entomological Society ' for tliat year.
According to this, Propomacrus macleayl breeds in decaving
oak trees (Qmrcus incana), and the beetle is a sap-feeder " and
may be seen in company with crowds of stag-beetles sucking up
the juice as it flows from wounds in the trees."

The cocoons of wood-fibre made by the larvae of this species
before pupation are depicted by M. Pouillaude in 'Insecta,' 1913,
fig. 3. Dr. Ohaus has recorded that a variety of the same
species inhabits Formosa, where its cocoons have been found in
a decaying camphor-tree (Ent. Eundsch. xxx, 1913, p. 142).

P. bimucronatus has been observed at Constantinople breeding
in an oak, Herr Abresch having found beetles on the point of
emergence in the month of August in the rotten wood contained
in a hole about five feet from the base of the tree (Stett. Ent.
Zeit. 1851, p. 200). Dr. Heller found the same species in
Northern Syria in a very different tree, Cordia myxa, L., known
as " arbre a glu," because a kind of birdlime w^as prepared by
the Arab inhabitants from its fruit. This tree having been intro-
duced from regions farther East, Dr. Heller argues that the

366 EUCHiEiN^i:.

beetle also is probably an iinpoi'tation from those regions, but
this arguinent fails if, as it appears, the insect does not confine
itself to a particular kind of tree. The beetles are said to frequent
the tops of the trees, possibly attracted by the sticky berries
referred to. Eucliirus longimanus, according to Wallace, is
invariably found in Amboyna feeding upon the exuding sap of
the sugar-palm (Arenr/a saccharifera), \\hich is tapped by the
natives in order to provide a fermented drink (Wallace, ' Malay
Archipelago,' 1890, p. 232, pi. 33).

Burmeister and subsequent writers, including Lacordaire,
separated t1ie Syrian and Eastern European " Scarahreus ''
himucronatvs of Pallas under the generic name Projyomacrns
from all the other known species of the gron]>, which they
associated together by the name of Euchirns, but, as pointed
out by Deyrolle, this is quite an unnatural division. The two
elongate Malayan species, Eucliirus longimanus and duponiianus.
in which the prothorax is smooth and narrow, and the front
tibiae of the male without teeth or processes, are obviouslj-
more closely related to each other than to any other, while
Propomacnis bimucronatus (with P. davidi, Deyr.) has the same
broad prothorax, with its toothed lateral margins, and general
form as all the remaining species, the only difference of any
importance being the occurrence of a thick hairy fringe upon
the front tibia of the male. Burmeister enumerated as the
grounds for separating P. himucronatus the shape of the labrum,
that of the clypeus, and the occurrence of teeth upon the front
tibia of the male. The two latter of these distinctions are found
by comparison of a sufficient number of specimens to have no
substantial existence, and the first is so slight, consisting only in
the presence or absence of an indentation A^arying in degree
in different species, that it is now admitted that no importance
can be attached to it.

M. Pouillaude, in a recent survey of the group, has again
proposed the separation of Projiomacrus himucronatus and davidi,
and the revival of the old name Cheirotoims for the Indian
species and those most closely allied to them. The reasons for
this he finds in the following points: — the green ground-colour
of the latter, as opposed to the brownish tints of the two former,
the projection of the front margin of the prouotum in the middle,
and the absence of tlie hairy fringe of the male front tibia.
Although in tabulating the species of Cheirotonus he recognizes
as specific the degree of development of the minute anterior
prominence of the prouotum, he has not noticed that in the
type-species of Cheirotonus {0. macleayi, Hope) it is replaced by
a sligiit indentation. The difference of colour is certainly fairly
well marked in the known species, but is not absolute, Propo-
macrus davidi having a slight green lustre upon the elytra ; and
tliere may well be other species yet unknown by which this
unimportant distinction will be further bridged. In fact these
two minute differences, although of some value, in the absence of

EUCHIEIN.E. ' 367

any of greater importauce, for grouping the species, would not
by themselves be regarded as of generic value by any systematist.
The hairy fringe to the tibia of the male therefore remains the
only distinction of any real significance.

A character distinctive of one sex is in my opinion never a
proper one on which to base a genus, as, apart from the serious
objection that it affords no means of determining specimens
of the other sex, experience shows that such characters are
specific only and may be absent or totally different in forms
with the closest possible relationship. On the other hand, when
species from different regions are closely related their separation
under different generic names, unless required for adequate
reasons, is undesirable, as obscuring the important fact of geo-
graphical distribution which is conveyed by their union under a
single name. The vast, almost unexplored, regions of Central
Asia probably contain undiscovered species of these insects,
which may be expected, like the Chinese Propomacrus davidi, to
fill in the slight interval which separates the Syrian and Indian
forms ; but it is improbable that the number of recognized species
will ever be so large that their inclusion in one genus will cause
serious inconvenience.

The Malayan EacMrus longimanus and dupontianus differ from
all the rest in the general shape of the body, especially the
entirely different form of the protliorax ; there is also a con-
siderable divergence in the secondary sexual characters, as well
as an important difference in the mouth, which seems to indicate
a corresponding diflerenceof habit, viz., the maxillae are furnished
with extremely well-developed sharp teeth, which in the other
species are either absent or reduced to slight and probably
functionless vestiges.

' -^Eor these reasons the correct course seems to me to be that of
Deyrolle, restricting the genus Euchirus to the two Malayan
species, while treating all the remaining EtrcHiKiTsriE as forming a
single genus, for which the name Propomacrus must be used.

Genus PROPOMACRUS.

Propomacrus, Newm., Entom. Mag. iv, 1837, p. 255 ; Burra., Ilandb.

Ent. ill, 1842, p. 702 ; Lacord., Gen. Col. iii, 1856, p. 317 ; Deyr.,

Ann. Soc. Ent. France (5), iv, 1874, p. 455.
Cheirotonns, Hope, Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii, 1841, p. 594; Pouillaude,

Insecta, 1913, p. 467. — Type, C. macleayi, Hope,

Type, Scarabceus himucronatus, Pall. (Syria).

Banye. S. China, Indo-China, Northern India, Syria, Con-
stantinople.

The body is rather massively built, not narrow and elongated
as in EucJdrtts, and the prothorax has a very irregular outline, its
sides being more or less flattened, the posterior angles more or
less spinose and the middle of the dorsal surface distinctly

368 euchikinjE.

channelled longitudinally ; the male has the sides dilated in the
middle. The front femur of the male is drawn into a point,
directed upwards at the end and armed with a laminar tooth at
the front edge ; it is almost straight and subject only to sliglit
elongation, unlike that ot Enchirus ; whereas the front tibia is
very greatly elongated, has a strong inwardly- directed process at
the end and another beyond the middle, and is sharply spinose
externally. It may also bear internally an array of tubercles, as
in P. jansoni, or a thick fringe of stiff hairs, as in P. himucro-
natus and i/avidi. (In EucJiirus it is without spines, processes
or fringe.) There is no articulated spine or spur at the extremity
of the front tibia in this sex. The organs of the mouth are as
already described, but the mentum is short and transA^erse, and
the maxillary teeth, which in Enchirus are strongly developed
and very sharp, are either quite absent or reduced to blunt
vestiges. The pygidium is vertical and concealed by the elytra.

The female is rather more elongate than the male, with the
pronotum relatively narrower, the pygidium being oblique and
protruding beyond the elytra. The front coxse are almost
contiguous, and the front tibiae broad, acutely and irregularly
toothed along the outer edge, but without interjial processes ;
there is also a sharp articulated terminal spur. The hind tibia
is dilated at the end. The clypeus is longer and more quadrate
than in the male. In young specimens the front angles are
sharp and the front rrjargin almost straight, but this part, as
well as the teeth of the front tibia, is \ery subject to wear,
no doubt in the digging operations preceding the deposition of
the eggs. In old specimens the clypeus may be completely
rounded.

Variation in size is very great, especially in the males, and,
as is invariably the case with such sexual features, the degree
of development of the fore-legs is in exaggerated ratio to the
size of the individual, so that in dwarfed specimens it is not very
considerable. In very small males the anterior angles of the
clypeus may be sharp and the shape of the latter approximate to
that of the female^ — a part of the general gynaudromorphism.

M. Pouillaiide has recently described as new species four forms
received by M. Eene Oberthiir from different localities in the
regions on the borders of the Indian Empii-e. Two of these
are known to occur also within those borders and are re])re-
sented in the British Museum. All four are evident local
representatives of P. macleayi, differing by the shape of the
front tibiae of the male and by slight variations in the spotting
of the elytra. Extremely few individuals of each have at
present been examined, so that the constancy of these differentia
has not yet been put to the test, but it may reasonably be
anticipated that collecting in intermediate localities will reveal
forms n)ore or letjs linking together those distinguished by
M. Pouillaude by these usually variable features only. A careful
comparison of numerous specimens from many localities is really

PEOPOMAORUS. 36{*

necessary to deter iniue the real status of the two insects here
provisionally separated as Propomacrus henrici and gestroi.

Key to the Species.

1 (2) Pygidium clothed with short, close-

lying hairs, long only at the extremity ;
elytra longer, with the widest part
before the middle, the pale blotches
confluent.
(S . Clypeus very short; terminalprocess
of the front tibia very long; femur
with an acute tooth near the middle . parry i, Gray, p. 369.

2 (1) Pygidium clothed with long erect

liairs ; elytra shorter, with the widest
part behind the middle,
c?. Clypeus longer; front femur with
a triangular lamina in front.

3 (6) Moderately broad and compact ; pale

blotches of the elytra scattered.

4 (5) Elytra almost without pale longitu-

dinal lines.
(S . Anterior half of the front tibia
strongly and abruptly curved, its
terminal process shorter than the
median process macleai/i, Hope, p. 373.

5 (4) Elytra with pale longitudinal lines.

c? . Anterior half of the front tibia
very gently and not abruptly curved,
its terminal process rather longer
than the median one henrici, Pouill., p. 375.

6 (3) Very broad and compact ; pale blotches

of the elytra confused and often
annular,
cj . Front tibia very gently curved,
its terminal process long gestroi, Pouill., p. 374.

397. Propomacrus parryi. (Plate IV, fig. 41.)

Cheirotonus parryi, Gray, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. v, 1848, p. 59 ;

Pouillaude, Insecta, 1913, p. 473, fig. 7.
Propomacrus parryi, Deyr., Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (5) iv, 1874,

p. 447, pi. ix, tigs. 4, 5, 6, & 10.

Deep coppery-green or coppery-red, wWh the elytra almost
black, suSused with a slight metallic lustre, and decorated with
numerous crowded irregular orange-yellow blotches and longi-
tudinal streaks, more or less confluent, especially near the outer
margins. The sternum is rather thickly clothed with short
yellow hairs and the abdomen bears similar but still shorter hairs
at the sides only. The pygidium is thinly clothed with short
setse, but the female has also a tuft of long hairs at the apex.

The body is rather elongate and very convex, with the head,
pronotum and femora moderately shining, the elytra opaque and
microscopically rugulose, broadest a little before the middle, with

2b

370 EUCHIKINJi:,

the apical angles rather spinose. Thex'e is a minute tubercle at
the middle of the front margin of the pronotum,

cJ . Tlie head is rugosely punctured, with the clypeus extremely
short, extending very little in front of the eye-ridges, gently
rounded in front, with the lateral angles not well-marked and the
anterior face forming an obtuse angle with the upper margin ;
the upper surface is only moderately excavated. The pronotum
is strongly transverse and very coarsely, deeply, and closely
punctured, leaving only a very small, smooth, and shining space
upon the posterior half on each side of the median groove ; the
latter is bounded at the front margin by a minute but rather
sharp tubercle and widens in the posterior half into a somewhat
oval depression ; the lateral margins are sharply serrated, broadly
dilated and flattened in the posterior half, and fringed beneath
with closely-set erect yellow hairs. The front femur is armed
with a sharp spiniform tooth about the middle of its anterior
edge ; the tibia is only very feebly curved and has a finely
granular and opaque surface, with numerous irregularly scattered
tubercles upon its inner side. There is a very strong sharp
process projecting inwards and upwards at about two-thirds of
the length of the tibia from the base and exactly opposite a
minute tooth upon the outer edge, and the extremity of the tibia
is produced inwards as a still longer process, which in small
specimens is sharp, and in well-developed specimens blunt but
hooked at the end. The pygidium is scantily clothed with short
reddish hair, but has a bare median line.

5 . The head is entirely rugose, gently excavated, without a
distinct, ridge between the clypeus and forehead. The clypeus is
not very long, its sides are convergent, the front margin rather
straight and the angles sharp. The pronotum is closely and
coarsely rugose, the punctures being almost obliterated, except in
the immediate neighbourhood of the very small smooth shining
area towards the base on each side ; the anterior tubercle is blunt
and divided behind. The tip of the pygidium carries a fringe of
long hairs.

Length, S , 47-61 mm., $ , 45-58 mm. ; breadth, S , 25-38 mm.,
2,23-29 mm.

Sikktm: Darjiling {W. H. Bath), Tiikvar {E. A. Moller),
Mungphu {E. T. Atkinson).

Types ( S and $ ) in the British Museum.

Although the distinctness of this species from the previously
described P. macleayi has been doubted, and the points of
difference may seem at first sight to be unimportant, there is
really no doubt as to their separateness, the distinctive features
affiecting nearly every part, so that it would be possible to deter-
mine to which species a specimen belonged from almost any
portion of it. P. j^arryi is much less hairy and, accompanying an
elongation of the hinder part of the body, there is a shortening
of the head ; in the male the mouth is placed at a different angle
to the clypeus, so that the long protruding brushes of the maxillae

PROPOMACKUS.

371

Fig. 76. — Propomacr us parry i, male (below) and female (above), with
antenna (right) and front leg of P. henrici (left).

2b2

372

EUOHIRlNiE.

Fig. 77. — Proj)oniaci-tis macleayi, male (below) and P. gestroi, male (above).

PROPOMACRUS. 373

appear much more prominent, as seen from above. What differ-
ence in habits, if any, exists between the two species is unknown,
no observation of any kind being recorded as to the present
form, but it is remarkable that the two insects appear to live
side by side in a part at least of the regions inhabited by them,
more than one collector having taken both in the same locality.
It is another noteworthy circumstance that whilst closely related
offshoots, or representative forms, of P. macleayi are found in
outlying districts, even so far away as Formosa (P. gestroi and
P. henrici, of this work, being examples), P. parryi remains sharply
circumscribed and isolated. I have been unable to find any
authentic record of its occurrence elsewhere than in the Darjiling
district. The two specimens from which the species was origin-
ally described by Gray were registered in the British Museum as
having been collected in 8ylhet, but as Gray records them only
as from " Northern India," it is probable that he was not able to
place full reliance upon that locality.

I am indebted to Mr. O. E. Janson for the loan of a considerable
series of these two forms for the purpose of comparison.

398. Propomacrus macleayi. (Plate IV, fig. 42.)

Chei7-otonus macleayi, Hope, Ann. Nat. Hist, vi, 1841 (1840), p. 300 ;

id., Trans. Limi. See. xviii, 1841, p. 595, pi. 40, fig. 3($);

Parry, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, xviii, 1846, p. 315, pi. 3 (J);

Gray, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lend, v, 1848, p. 59; Pouillaude,

Insecta, 1913, p. 468, figs. 3, 4, 5 a, & 6 a.
Eucheirus macleayi, Westw., Cab. Orient. Entom. 1848, p. 3, pi. i

(d&$).
Euchirus macleayanus, Burm., Handb. Ent. iii, 1842, p. 702.
Propomacrus macleayi, Beyr., Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (5) iv, 1874,

p. 446, pi. ix, figs.'7 & 11.

Deep coppery-red or golden-green, with the elytra almost black,
suffused with a slight metallic lustre, and decorated wth irregular
orange-yellow blotches, which are not very crowded and near the
outer margins are rather small and scanty. The lower surface is
thickly clothed, except at the middle of the abdomen, with long
yellow hair, which is also long and conspicuous upon the
pygidium.

The body is rather massively built, very convex and only
slightly elongate. The head, pronotum, and legs are shining, and
the elytra smooth but opaque and microscopically rugulose, a
little dilated behind the middle, with the apical angles slightly
spinose. The front margin of the pronotum is rounded and
minutely indented in the middle.

S . The head is coarsely pitted, with the clypeus moderately
long and divided from the forehead by a distinct ridge, in front of
which it is rather abruptly excavated ; the front margin is strongly
reflexed, slightly prominent in the middle, with the outer angles
distinct but not sharp (except in small specimens), the anterior

374 euchirijS'^.

face forming au acute angle with the upper surface. The pro-
uotum is transverse, very convex, with a longitudinal median
groove, which dilates behind the middle into a broad, ratber
triangular depression. In this, and at the sides and near the
liind margin, it is very strongly and closely punctured — elsewhere
it is scantily punctured and very smooth and shining, with a
broad shallow impression on each side before the middle. The
lateral margins are sharply serrated, broadly rounded in the
posterior half, moderately flattened, and fringed beneath with
long and very thick yellow hair, which is conspicuously visible
from above. The front femur is armed with a broad angulated
lamina ; the tibia is rather smooth and shining in its anterior
part, where it is very strongly curved, the extremity being pro-
duced into a sharp but not veiy long process, barbed just before
the tip. Near the middle of the inner edge, at the point where the
curvature of the anterior part of the tibia abruptly begins and
midway between two of the minute teeth upon the outer edge,
there is a longer acute process projecting inwards and upwards.
The pygidium is clothed with long and thick yellow hair.

$ . The head is rugosely punctured, with the clypeus deeply
excavated, moderately long, with its front edge nearly straight
and sharp-angled on each side. The pronotum is deeply, coarsely
and closely punctured, rugosely at the front and sides and in the
median channel, with a perfectly smooth shining area towards
the base on each side. The pygidium is clothed witii long yellow
hair on each side.

Length, S , 46-68 mm., 2 ,50-57 mm. ; breadth, d' , 25-37 mm.,
$ , 25-30 mm.

SiKKiM : Darjiling (Desrjodins), Tukvar (E. A. Moller), Kurseong
(Bretaudeau) ; Bhdtan : Padong (L. Dnrel) ; Assam (according
to Hope).

Type (a female) in the Oxford University Museum.

399. Propomacrus gestroi. (Fig. 77.)

Chah-otonus (jestroi, Pouill., Insecta, 1913, p. 471, figs. 5 d, 6d.

Golden green, with the elytra almost black, suffused with a
slight metallic lustre and decorated with rather crowded yellow
blotches of very irregular shape, the larger ones generally havin
a black spot in the centre. It is clothed with long and thick
pale yellow hair upon the sternum, the sides of the abdomen and
the pygidium.

It is short, very compact and convex in shape. There is a very
minute sharp prominence at the middle of the front edge of the
pronotum,

S . The head is shining and deeply but not closely punctured,
w ith the clypeus deeply excavated, the front angles blunt, the
margin nearly straight and the anterior face forming an acute
angle with the upper surface. The pronotum is broad and very
convex, with a longitudinal groove, which dilates behind the

PROPOMACRUS. 375

middle into an oval depression. In tins depression, and at the
sides and base, it is very strongly and closely punctured — else-
where it is scantily punctured and very smooth and shining, with
a shallow impression on each side before the middle. The lateral
margins are sharply serrated, moderately flattened in the posterior
half and broadly rounded, with a fringe of long and very dense
hairs beneath. The front femur is armed with u broad, bluntly
angulated lamina and serrated between this and the extremity ;
the tibia is gently and almost uniformly curved, its extremity
being produced into a long pointed process, with a tooth near the
middle of its upper edge, and armed with another sharp-pointed
process shorter than the terminal one, near the middle of the
inner edge and midway between two of the minute teeth of the
outer edge.

I have not seen a female.

Length, 63 mm. ; breadth, 35 mm.

Assam : Kohima, Naga Hills, 4000 to 5000 ft. (//, C. Tytler) ;
Burma : Karen Hills [D. Tomatore) ; Shan States, Mussur Hills,
Chieng-Sen (according to Pouillaude).

Type in M. Rene Oberthiir's collection ; co-types in the Genoa
Museum.

400. Propomacrus henrici. (Fig. 76, fore-leg of male.)

Cheirotonns henrici, Pouill., Insecta, 1913, p. 472, figs. 5 c, 6 c.

Brilliant metallic green, with the elytra almost black, suffused
with a slight metallic lustre and decorated with not very crowded
irregular orange-yellow lines and blotches, the latter almost as in
P. macleayi. The lower surface is thickly clothed with long pale
yellow hair, which is also long and conspicuous upon the
pygidium.

The body is compact, convex, and not very elongate; the
head, pronotum and legs rather shining, and the elytra opaque
and microscopically rugulose, a little dilated behind the middle,
with the apical angles slightly spinose. The front margin of the
pronotum bears a minute tooth in the middle.

(S . The forehead is rather finely punctured, and the clypeus
coarsely, the latter moderately long, deeply excavated and divided
from the forehead by a well-marked ridge; the front margin is
strongly reflexed and the anterior face forms an acute angle with
the upper surface. The pronotum is transverse and very convex,
with a longitudinal groove, which dilates from before the middle
into a very broad triangular depression. In this depression, as
well as at the sides and near the base, it is coarsely and rugosely
punctured, leaving only a small smooth and shining area on each
side of the posterior depression. The lateral margins are sharply
serrated, strongly dilated and flattened behind, and greatly re-
tracted before the base, with a fringe of very long yellow hairs
beneath. Tlie front femur is armed with a broad sharp-pointed
lamina and serrated between this and the extremity ; the tibia is

376 ETJCHIBIN^.

gently and almost uniformly curved, being produced into a long
pointed process at the extremity and armed with another sharply
pointed process, shorter than the terminal one, near the middle
of the inner edge and midway between two of the minute
external teeth.

The female scarcely differs from that of P. macleayi, except that
the median channel of the prouotum is broader behind and the
yellow markings of the elytra are rather more abundant, especially
near the sides, as in the male.

Length, 48-64 mm. ; breadth, 27-37 mm.

Burma: Euby Mines ( M^. Doherty); Assam: Manipuv (Doherty);
Tibet : Tsekou (according to Pouillaude).

l^ype in M. Bene Oberthiir's collection.

Although the original description is rather inadequate, I
believe the specimens (male and female) taken by Doherty (the
former a rather small example from which the outline of the
front tibia in fig. 76 is drawn) to belong to P. henrici. The
elytra in these two specimens are rather more opaque than in
most specimens of P. macleayi, but this may be accidental.

377

APPENDIX.

Descriptions are added here of a few new species received
while the preceding pages were in the press, and too late for
inclusion in their proper places.

28 a. Popillia kanarensis, sp. nov.

Deep metallic green or coppery, sometimes with the elytra tes-
taceous, suffused with metallic lustre, and decorated with a dark
patch round the scutelluiu, a spot on the humeral callus and a
patch on the apical callus.

It is very smooth and shining above and rather closely clothed
beneath, except along the middle line, with long erect white
hairs, which also form two rather loose outstanding tufts at the
base of the pygidium. A very few erect hairs can sometimes be
traced in the marginal grooves of the pronotum.

The form is oval and convex. The head is finely rugose, with
the clypeus narrow, triangular, bluntly produced and strongly
reflexed at the apex, the forehead lightly depressed along the
middle and the vertex strongly punctured. The pronotum is
very smooth, with a few fine scattered punctures. The sides are
nearly straight in frent and behind, the front angles slightly
acute, the hind angles very obtuse and the base broadly emar-
ginate in the middle. The scutellum is broadly triangular and
bears a few fine punctures. The elytra bear five deep, strongly
punctured dorsal grooves, with smooth convex intervals, the sub-
sutural one having a few coarse punctures at the base. The
pygidium is strongly transversely rugulose. The mesosternal
process forms only a slight pointed prominence before the middle
coxae. The front tibia is armed with two very strong oblique
teeth and the longer front claw is very deeply cleft.

cJ . The inner lobe of the longer front claw is very broad and
blunt, and the middle claws are long and entire.

5 . The longer middle claw, as well as the front one, is cleft.

Length, 9-5-11-5 mm. ; breadth, 5-5-6-5 mm.

Bombay : N. Kanara, Talewadi, near Castle Rock ('S'. Kemp,
Oct.).

Tj/pe in the Indian Museum, Calcutta ; co-types in the British
Museum.

378 APPENDIX.

This is a second species with the pecuh'ar pointed clypeus of
P. nasuta, to which it is very closely related. It differs especially
iu having the customary pair of tufts of white hairs at the base of
the pygidium, which are absent in P. nasuta. The hairs are long,
outstanding, and not closely set, and the clothing of the lower
surface of the body differs from that of P. nasuta in being longer,
and erect instead of decumbent. The colour is also different
from that of the allied species. Of eight specimens the two
females are deep metallic green, with a slight rosy tinge, while
the males have the head, pronotum, pygidium and lower surface
coppery-red, three of them with the elytra of the same colour and
the other three having them testaceous, witli a metallic suffusion
and marked with dark patches as described. Structurally the
two species are almost alike, but a strongly marked difference
exists in the mesosternal process, which is very much shorter in
the new species.

Taken with the eight specimens above described, at the sam.e
time and place, are three females identical in form and colour
with the two females of P. lanarensis, but really belonging to
P. nasuta. The mesosternal process is long, the pubescence of
the lower surface short and close. These specimens, however,
show some degree of approach to P. lanarensis, the pubescence not
being quite decumbent and the pygidial tufts being represented
by two or three minute inconspicuous hairs on each side. The
examination of more numerous specimens of these forms is
necessary to obtain light on the very interesting problem suggested
by them.

1 1 0 a. Mimela pusilla, sp. nov.

Light chestnut-red above, with a shght metallic crimson lustre
upon the anterior part, and the metasternum, abdomen (except
the extremity), the inner side of the tibiae and the tarsi very dark
metallic green. The antennae are pale with a dark club.

It is a small, rather shortly ovate and not very convex insect,
moderately smooth and shining, and thinly clothed beneath with
grey hair. The clypeus is rugosely punctured, nearly straight iu
front and not very short ; the eyes are prominent and not very
small, and the forehead and vertex are rather strongly but not
closely punctured. The pronotum is very finely and sparingly
punctured, a little more strongly at the sides ; the front angles
are acutely produced, the sides gently rounded, the hind angles
nearly right angles and the base finely margined. The scutellum
is very minutely punctured, and the elytra are rather strongly
punctured, with two well-marked pairs of dorsal lines and wide
irregularly-punctured intervals. The pygidium is strongly punc-
tured. The mesosternum is not produced. The front tibia is
bidentate, with the upper tooth feeble ; the hind femur is very
thick and the hind tibia stout.

APPENDIX. 37y

d . The club of the antenna is nearly twice as long as that of
the female.

2 ' The terminal tooth ot the front tibia is very long.

Length, 10-12-5 mm. ; breadth, 6-7 mm.

United Provinces : W. Almora, Eanikhet (H. G. Champion).

Type in the British Museum ; co-types in the Oxford Museum
and in Mr. Gr. C. Champion's collection.

I have seen seven males, but only a single female. The latter
(a specimen in the Hope Department of the Oxford Museum,
taken by Capt. Boys, but \\itliout recorded locality) differs from
all the males in the tibiae being entirely pale, but that is probably
only an individual peculiarity.

The species is a remarkably small one, closely related to
M. bicolor, Hope, but less compact and convex and much more
strongly punctured upon the elytra and pygidium. The colour-
ing of the legs and upper surface is different, the eyes are rather
larger, the front angles of the thorax more produced, and the club
of the antenna of the male is longer.

163 a. Anomala vestigator, sp. nov.

Pale testaceous-yellow, with the head, the pronotum (except
broad lateral margins), the hind tibiae, the extremities of the
front tibiae and all the tarsi red, and with an exceedingly feeble
metallic lustre upon the posterior parr of the head and the
pronotum.

It is oval and convex in form, not very shining, and incon-
spicuously clothed with short, erect, pale hair beneath. The head
is strongly and closely punctured, with the eyes very large and
prominent and the clypeus very narrow but not short, the sides
parallel and the front margin rounded and strongly reflexed.
The pronotum is very convex, rather closely punctured, strongly
rounded at the sides, with all the angles very blunt and the base
completely margined. The scutellum is well punctured, and the
elytra bear five fairly well-marked dorsal strise, with the intervals
convex and rather closely punctured, the svibsutural one broad ;
the membranous margins are well developed. The pygidium is
finely, but rather rugosely, punctured and bears a few scattered
hairs. The front tibia is armed with two very strong and sharp
teeth, and the hind tibia is short and stout and very broad at the
extremity.

cJ . The longer claws of the front and middle feet are very
minutelv cleft at a distance from the tip, the longer front claw
is dilated and bent, and the shorter one is rather broad but very
acute at the tip. The club of the antenna is very long.

2 unknown.

Length, 15 mm. ; breadth, 7 mm.

TN".W. Frontier Protinck : Peshawur District, Taruab ( T. Bain-
brigge Fletcher, May).

380 APPENDIX.

Type in the British Museum ; co-type in the Pusa Kesearch
Institute.

This species is closely related to A. macrophylla, Wied. It is
a little more shining and less strongly punctured, the elytra and
tbe sides of the pronotum are paler, the former less deeply
striated, and the two teeth of the front tihia are placed farther
apart. The claw structure is peculiar. The longer front and
middle claws have each an exceedingly fine and inconspicuous
incision upon the upper edge at a distance from the tip (in the
front foot it is almost at the middle of the length of the claw)
and the minute branch so produced is so delicate that it is very
liable to be broken off. The female will probably be found to
differ considerablv from the male.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

All names printed in italics are synonyms.

When more than one reference is given, the page on which the description
occurs is indicated by thickened numerals.

acuta (Popillia), 62.
adauias (Popillia), 84.
Adoretini, 276.
Adorefosoma, 127.
Adoretus, 295.
Adorrhinyptia, 273.
Adorrhinyptiini, 273.
segrota (Anomala), 171.
senea (Melolontha), 127.
senigma (Anomala), 187.
(erea (Eiichlora), 167.
afBnis (Adoretus), 331.
agilis (Anomala), 207.
agnella (Anomala), 250.
aibilatera (PopiUia), 85.
alternata (Parastasia),

45.
amabilis (Mimela), 119.
amabilis (Popillia), 77.
amphilissa (Anomala),

245.
anchoralis (Anomala),

148.
andamanica (Anomala),

165.
andamanica (Parastasia),

40.
andamanica (Popillia),

66.
andrewesi (Adoretus),

342.
andrewesi {Ischnopo-

pillia), 265.
anguliceps (Anomala),

158.
angulicoUis (Anomala),

222.
angusta (Anomala), 190.
Anomala, 126.
Anomalini, 52.
Anoplanomala, 98.

anopunctata (Anomala),

217.
anthracina (Anomala),

175.
antiqua (Anomala), 167,
antiqua {Melolontha),

167.
Aprosterna, 126.
areatus (Adoretus), 312.
ariel (Adoretus), 326.
armata (Anomala), 255.
armata {Spilota), 255.
arrowi (Macropopillia).

94.
assimilis (Geniates), 320.
atkinsoni (Mimela), 118.
atritarsis ( Phyllopertha),

196.
aurelia (Mimela), 123.
aureoflava (Anomala),

190.
aureola (Euchlora), 130.
auripeunis (Anomala),

218.
auronitens (Anomala),

242.
auronitens {Mimela), 127,

242.
auronitens {Spilota),

242.
aurora (Anomala), 185.
australasicB {Anomala),

167.

bangalorensis {Adoretus),

350.
barbata {Anomala), 232.
basal is (Parastasia), 39.
basipennis { Singhala),

142.

bella (Anomala), 208.
bengalensis (Adoretus)

353.
bengalensis (Anomala),

143.
beryllina {Popillia), 62.
bieaudatus (Adoretus),

310.
bicolor (Adoretus), 347.
bicolor (Mimela), 125.
bifalcifer (Didrepane-

phoi-us), 50, 51.
biharensis (Anomala),

166.
bilobata (Anomala), 156.
bilunata (Anomala), 147.
bimaculata (Parastasia),

42.
bimaculata, var. nico-
barica {Parastasia), 42.
bimaculatus (Scaphor-

rhinadoretus), 292.
bimarginatus (Adoretus),

328.
bimucronatus (Scara-

baeus), 367.
binotata {Parastasia), 39.
biplagiata {Mimela), 106.
bipunctata (Popillia),

58.
birmana (Anomala), 181.
birmana (Parastasia), 38.
birmana ( Pseiidosinghala),

181.
birmanica (Fruhstor-

feria), 49.
birmanica (Mici-ano-

mala), 102.
birmanica (Popillia), 65.
birmanus (Adoretus),
313.

382

ALPHAlimCAL INDEX.

birinanus, var. flavescens

(Adoretus), 313, 314.
blanchardi (Anoniala),

160.
blanchardi (Dactylo-

popillia), 57.
blanchardi {Popitlia), 57.
Blitopertha, 127.
bombayanus (Prodo-

retus}, 279.
bombinator (Adoretus),

309.
boops (Adoretus), 316.
hoops {Melolonfha), 316.
brachvpus (Auoniala),

130'.
bracbypygus (Adoretus)

302, 356.
brahman /IS (Ac/oretufi),

346.
brevipes (Parastasia),

35.
bruchomorpha (Ano-

uaala), 203.

cserulea (Popillia), 79.
ealiginosus (Adoretus),

355, 347.
Callistethus, 127.
Callistopopillia, 92.
canalicidata (Parastasia),

35.
oantori (Auomala), 220.
cantori {Euchlora), 220.
cardoni [Adoretus), 349.
carneola (Anomala), 99.
carneola( An oplanom ala) ,

99.
caschmirensis (Popillia),

73.
castaneus (Adoretus), 306.
celogaster (Adoretus),

322.
centralis (Anomala), 136.
ChcBtadoretus, 295.
Cheirotonus, 367.
chinensis (Anoniala),

196.
chinensis (Euchrysinda),

196.
chinensis (Miiiiela), 102.
ehin.ensis (Phyllopertha),

127, 196.
chlorion (Popillia), 82.
chlorocarpa (Anomala),

230.
chlorochelys (Anomala),

236.
chloromela (Anomala) ,

249.

chloronota (Anoniala),

227.
cliloropliylla (Anomala),

233.
chloropus (Anoniala),

229.
chlorosoma (Anomala),

231.
chrysoclilora (Auomala),

226.
chrysoohroiiia(Anomala),

246.
ciliatipes (Anomala).

193.
Cinderella (Anomala),

196.
cingala (Parastasia), 39.
cingalensis (Micrano-

inala), 101.
clara (Popillia), 83.
cleriea (Anomala), 150.
clypealis (Popillia), 71.
comma (Anomala), 193.
communis (Anomala),

164.
complanata (Popillia),

>^, 87.
complanata, var, testa-

ceipes (Popillia), 80.
complanata, var. viridi-

p)ennis (Popillia), 80.
compressa (Melolontha),

311.
compressus (Adoretus),

311.
conipressus (Lepiadoretus),

311.
comptus (Adoretus), 284.
comptus (Phreadoretus),

284.
concolor (Adoretus), 343.
concolor (Mimcla), 107.
concolor (Popillia), 70.
coniluens (Parastasia),

41.
conforuiis (Anomala),

162.
conjuga (Auomala), 216.
cot)juga(Pseudodnghala),

216.
conneetens (Anomala),

205.
considaris ( Callistethus),

242.
coronatus (Adoretus),

302.
corpulentus (Adoretus),

323.
corvina (Anomala), 214.
costatus (Pachyrrhin-
ado7'etus), 287.

costopilosus (Adoretus),

318.
coxalis (Mimela), 124.
cribrata (Anomala), 130.
cribratus (Adoretus), 339.
cristata (Peperonota), 34.
crocea (Mimela), 124.
cupricoUis (Popillia), 73.
cupripes (Anomala), 234.
cupripes (Euchlora), 234.
cyauea (Popillia), 62.
cyanipes (Mimela), 125.
ci/aiiipes (Paraerusis),
^ 125.
Cyphelytra, 35.

Dactylopopillia, 56.
dalbergite (Anomala),

184.
dawnensis (Anomala),

225.
debilis (Adoretus), 332.
deeanus (Adoretus), 347.
deccanus ( Pachyrrhin-

adoretus), 286.
decipieiis (Anomala),

188.
decipieiis (Mimela), 120.
decorata (Anomala), 216.
degenerata (Anomala).

254.
degenerata (Spilota).

254.
dehaani (Euchlora), 120.
dehaani (Mimela), 120.
deusa (Anomala), 221.
desiccata (Anomala),

226.

DESMOKYCINiE, 359.

Desmonyx, 360.
Dicauloceplialus, 34.
Didrepauephorus, 50.
difficilis (Popillia), 68.
dilatata (Anomala), 177.
dilutellus (Pseudadore-

tus), 294, 295.
dimidiata (Anomala),

232.
dimidiata ( Euchlora) ,

232.
Binorhina, 54.
disealis (Anomala), 176.
di.scalis (Popillia), 85.
discors (Anomala), 155.
distinguendus( Adoretus),

345.
diver.siponnis (Anomala),

206.
dohertji (Anomala), 264.
dohertyi (Fruhstorferia),

48.

AliPnAUETICAL INDEX,

383

dorsalis (Adorrhiuyptia),

274.
dorsalis (Anomala), 136,

137.
dorsalis (Melolontha),

126, 136.
dorsalis {Rhinyptia), 273,

274.
doi'salis, var. centralis

(Anomala), 137.
dorsalis, var. fraterna

(Anomala), 137.
dorsopicta (Anomala),

178.
downesi {Mimela), 120.
duplicatus (Adoretiis),

308.
duponti {Parastas/a), 39.
dussumieri (Anomala),

233.
duvauceli (Adoretus),

343.
duvauceli (Anomala),

130.

ebena (Anomala), 259.
eheiia {Popillia), 259.
elata (Anomala), 145.
elata {Melolontha), 126,

145.
elegans {Adoretosoma),

127.
elegans (Anomala), 130.
epipleuralis (Adoretus),

325.
ermineus (Adoretus),

306.
erosa (Anomala), 168.
erythrocej>hala{Anomala),

346.
erythrocephala {Melo-
lontha), 346.
erytbrocephalus (Adore-

"tus), 346.
erythroptera (Anomala),

262.
erythroptera {Ischno-

■popillia), 262.
EuciiiRiN^. 362.
Euchlora, 126.
Euchrysinda, 127.
euops (Anomala), 173.
exarata, {Popillia), 127.
exeisus (Adoretus), 304.
eximia (Popillia), 84.

fallaciosa (Anomala),

179.
fastuosa (Melolontha),

111.

fere (,DicauIocephalus),

35.
fese (Popillia), 80.
felix (Popillia), 63.
feminalis (Adoretus),

353.
femoralis (Melolontha),

130.
festiva (Anomala). 261.
jimbriata (Popillia), 95.
fimbriata(Tricliaiiomala ),

95.
fissilabris (Anomala),

157.
flavipes (Auomala), 266.
flaviveutris (Anomala),

210.
flavofasciata (Anomala),

209.
flavofasciata (Popillia),

72.
flavonotata (Anomala),

212.
flavopicta (Anomala),

211.
flavovaria (Anomala),

213.
flavovittatus (Adoi-etus),

306.
flavus (Adoretus), 315.
formosa {Popillia), 73.
fracta (Anomala), 185.
fracta [Omaloplia), 18.t.
fraterculus (Adoretus),

316.
fraterna {Anomala). 136.
front at us (Adoretus), 287.
frontatus (Pacliyrrhin-

adoretus), 287.
Fruh.storferia, 47.
ftdgens (Annmala), 261.
fulgidivittata (Mimela),

111.
fidviventre (Adoreto-
soma), 197.
fulviveutris (Anomala),

197.
fulvobirta (Anomala),

176.
furcif'er (Adoretus), 341.
fusca (Adorrhinyptia),

275.
fuseiceps (Adoretus),

355.

galerucina (Anomala),

199.
gaschkevitchi (Mimela),

107.
gemma (Popillia), 67,

77.

geuimifer (Adoretus),

317.
gemmula (Anomala),

249.
gestroi ( Cheirotoniis),

374.
gestroi (Propomacrus),

374.
glabra (Mimela), 120.
glohosa (Mimela), 125.
globidosa (Anomala), 98.
globulosa (Anoplano-

mala), 98.
grandis (Anomala), 234.
grandis (Euchlora), 234.
gravida (Anomala), 16.3.
gymnotopus (Adoretus),

302, 358.
gymnotopus \ Chcetado-

retus), 358.

Hadropopillia, 127.
hamifera (Anomala), 182.
hamifera (Omaloplia),

182.
harringtoni (Peperonota),

32, 33.
harringtoni, var. bicornis

(Peperonota), 33.
helleri (Anomala), 132.
helleri (Singhala), 132.
henrici ( Chcirotonus),

375.
henrici (ProDomacrus),

375.
heterocera (Parastasia),

41.
heteroehropus (Mimela),

117.
Heterophthalmus, 288.
Heteroplia, 126.
hilaris {Popillia), 73.
hindu (Anomala), 131.
hindu (Singhala), 131.
birtellus (Adoretus), 296.
liolomelcena (Anomala),

130.
holosericea (Melolontha) ,

126.
hopei (Mimela), 117.
horsfieldi (Mimela), 110.
horticola (Adoretus), 344.
horticola (Scarabceus),

126.
humeralis (Anotnala),

163.
humeralis (Desmonvx),

360, 361.

Idiocnema, 126.
igniceps (Anomala), 222.

384

ALPHABETICAL IlfDEX.

ignicollis (Anomala),

178.
illusa (Anomala), 144.
imitatrix {Anomala), 130,

136.
impicia ( Paraspilota) , 1 27.
irupressipyga (Popillia),

78.
incurvatus (Adoretus),

332.
indica (Micranomala),

100, 101.
indica (Parastasia), 43.
indica (Eliinyptia), 268,

269.
indistincta (Anomala),

229.
infans (Adoretus), 352.
infantilis (Anomala),

161.
infixa (Anomala), 130.
infuscatus (Adoretus),

353.
innocens {Spilota) {Ano-
mala), 255.
inscripta (Anomala),

124.
inscripta (Mimela), 124.
instilaris (Adoretus). 350.
iris (Anoinala), 92, 93.
iris (Callistopopillia), 93.
Ischnopopillia, 127.
isolata (Anomala), 260.

javana (Frubstorleria),

47.

kanarensis (Adoretus),

337.
kanarensis (Popillia),

377.

lacustris (Adoretus), 314.
ladakanus (Adoretus),

335.
laeta (Anomala), 189.
Isetus (Oxyadoretus),

282.
Ifeviceps (Khinyptia),

272.
ItevicoUis (Popillia), 71.
laevigata (Mimela), 116.
laevis (Popillia), 83.
lavissima (Anomala),

236.
Isevistriata (Popillia), 66.
laniventris (Anomala),

221.

lasiopygus (Adoretus),

349.
lasius (Adoretus), 340.
lateralis (Anomala), 267.
lathami (Mimela), 107.
latifrons (Adoreiui), 316.
latipes (Anomala), 165.
latirostris (Adoretus),

362.
leci (Melolontha), HI.
leei (Mimela), 111.
leei (ScarabcBUs) , 111.
leei, var. sapphirina

(Mimela), 111.
lemniscus (Adoretus),

321.
leo (Adoretus), 307.
Lepadoretvs , 295.
leporalis (Anonuila), 187.
lignea (Anomala), 202.
limbata (Mimela), 105.
linibatus (Adoretus),

305.
lineata (Melolontha),

127.
liueatopennis (Anomala),

212.
Lissadoretus, 293.
lithobius (Adoretus),

336.
lobiceps (Adoretus), 303.
longiceps (Anomala),

194.
lucida (Popillia), 81.
lucidula (Mimela), 107.
luguhris (Melolontha),

167.
Inguhris (Popillia), 252.
lurida (Callistopopilla),

93.
luridieollis (Anomala),

170.
luteola (Lutera), 35, 46.
luteola (Parastasia), 45.
Lutera, 35.

macclellandi (Popillia),

74.
macleayana (Euchlora),

105.
macleayana (Mimela),

105.
macleayanus (Euchirus),

373.
macleayi (Cheirotonus),

367, 373.
macleayi (Eucheirus),

373.
macleayi (Propomacrus),

373.'

paacrophylla (Anomala),

173.
macrophyUa(Melolontha),

173.
Macropopillia, 94.
madrasica (Anomala),

159.
madurae (Anomala), 252.
madurcB (Spilota) (Ano-
mala), 252.
malabariensis (Anomala),

227.
malabariensis (Prodore-

tus), 280.
marginalis (Mimela),

121.
marginata (Melolontha),

126.
marginicoUis (Popillia),

64.
marginicoUis, var. anda-

manica (Popillia), 66.
marginicoUis, var. atrata

(Popillia), 64.
marginicoUis, var. hrun-

nicollis (Popillia), 66.
marginicoUis, var. pur-
pur icol lis (Popillia),
64.
onarginicollis, var, tri-
folkim (Popillia), 66.
marginipennis (Ano-
mala), 180.
mavis (Adoretus), 309.
meridionalis (Rhiny-

ptia), 271.
meridionalis, var. punc-
ticoUis (Rhinyptia),
271.
merula (Anomala), 237.
mctallicollis (Popillia).

77.
metallicum (Adoreto-

soma), 196,
Micranomala, 100.
Mimela, 102.
minuta (Popillia), 91.
minutulus (Adoretus),

290.
miuutiis (Adoretus),

305.
mollis (Anomala), 162.
monochroa (Anomala),

231.
monticola (Pachyrrhin-

adoretus), 286.
moorei (Anomala), 265.
moorei (Ischnopopiillia),

2(!5.
morio (Peltonotus), 27,
28.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

385

mucoreum (Trigonosto-

muin), 289.
imnidissiiua (Mimela),

122.
mii8 (Adoretus), 3-1.^.
uius (Anoinala), 183.
luystica (Anomala), 208.

nasalis (Adoretus), .320.
nasuta (Popillia), 02.
nasutus (Oxyadoretus),

281, 282.'
nasutus (Peltonotus), 2'.).
iieplirilii'us (Adoretus),

3.30.
nephritic us ( ChcBiadore-

(us), 330.
nietneri (Adoretus), 302,

359.
nietneri {Lepadoretus),

359.
nietneri (P&pillia), 85.
nigricans (Mimela), 126.
nigrifrons (Rhinyptia),

270.
nigroscripta (Anoniala),

259.
II iqrosellata ( Mimela),

■111.
iiigrovaria (Anoinala\

149.
nilgirensis (Anomala),

1.35.
nitida (Popillia). 70.
iiitidicollis (Popillia). 73.
iiitidus (Adoretus), 333.
lujttrotti (Popillia), 75.
// udiusculus (Adoretus),

334.
nudosiriatiis (Adoretus),

355.

obsoleta (Anoniala), 130.
obtusicollis (Anoniala),

225.
ochracea (Cyphehjira), 35,

46.
ociiracea (Parastasia),

46.
ocularis (Heteroplitiial-

nius), 288.
OfiilicoUis (Anoniala),

251.
(,hausi (Miinek), 112.
oHviei-i (Anoniala), 144.
opacicoULs (Dactylopo-

pillia), 58.'
opacicollis (Popillia), 58.
orientis (Anisoplia), 54.

orientis (Tropi(^rrliyn-

clius), 54.
ovalis (Adoretu-s), 338.
O.Myadoretus, 281.

paichi/ffastin, (Mimela),

115.
Pacliyrrhinadoretus, 285.
pallens (Adoretus), 334.
palleola (Melolontha),

130.
pallida {Melulontha)y 1,36.
jxdlidicoUis (Anomala),

143.
pallidospila (Anomala),

19.5.
■pedlidospila (Anomala),

195.
pallidus (Lissadore-

tus),293.
papuua (Anomala), 224.
Paracrusis, 102.
parallelns (Adoretus),

321,339.
Paraspilota, 127.
Parastasia, 35.
Parastasiini, 30.
parri/i ( Cheirutoii us),

3(i9.
parry i (Propomacru.s),

369.
parva (Anomala), 264.
passerinii (Mimela), 1(15.
patkaina (Popillia), 73.
patricia (Popillia), 75.
pamci (Hoploloniha), 241.
pectoralis (Mimela), 107.
pegueueis (Anomala),

230.
pellucida (Anoniala),

159.
Peltonotini, 27.
Peltonotus, 27.
■peninsular is (Anomala),

176.
Peperonota, 32.
perplesa (Anomala), 228.
perplcxa (Euchlora), 228.
perrotteti (Popillia), 82.
Phfcadoretus, 284.
Phijllopertha. 126.
Phi/lloperthiiia, 127.
pictipes (Anoniala), 219.
pilieoUis (Popillia), 91.
pilosa (Popillia), 90.
plaqiatus (Adoretus),

306.
plebejus (Adoretus), 342.
pleuralis (Adoretus),
328.

2}odag rica (An isoplia ),

55.
podagricus (Tropiorrbyn-

ciius), 55.
Poecilosticta, 127.
polita (Anomala), 146.
Polymoechus, 35.
polymorplia (Anomala),

134.
pdijmorpha (Anomala ),

i34.
pomacea (Mimela), 105.
pomona (Anomala), 184.
■popiliopsis (Anomala).

Popillia, 58.

Popillia, subg. Callisto-

popillia, 92.
posticalis (Adoretus),

310.
pnenitens (Anomala),

171.
prusiu icollis (Anoniala),

224.
princeps (Anomala), 248.
princeps (Mimela), 115.
princeps (Poecilosticta),

248.
Prionadoretus, 295.
procrastinator (Ano-
mala), 170.
Prodoretus, 279.
progrediens (Adoretus).

3(12,357.
propinqua (Anomala).

174.
propinqua (Popillia^l,

87.
Propomacrus, 367.
protea (Anomala), 215.
pruinosus (Peltonotus),

29.
Pseudadoretus, 294.
PseudosiiH/Iiala, 127.
ptervgopliura (Anomala),

243.
pteri/qophorus ( Callistc-

thus). 243.
pnella (Anomala), 186.
pulobra (Popillia), 67.
puleliripes (Popillia),

80.
punctatissiina (Anomala) ,

130.
pnneticoUis (Popillia),

69.
punjabensis (Adoretus).

344.
pusilla (Anomala), 263.
pusilla (Mimela), 378.
pusillus (Adoretus), 354.

2c

386

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

pyriformis (Mimela),

109.
pijrop/is (Mimela), 241.
jjyroscelis (Anomala),

261.
jyroscetls {Mimela), 261.

qiiadrimaculata ( Ttutel-
archa), 35.

rachelfe (Anomala), 258.
regina (Anomala), 252.
regina (Vopillia), 127,

252.
renardi (Adoretus), 324.
Rhamphadoretus, 290.
minoplia, 126.
Rbinypt.ia, 268.
rliodoiaela (Auoiuala),

235.
Bhomhony.v, 126.
robusta (Anomala), 136.
rob'usta (Singhala), 135.
rosetti (Anomala), 241.
j-ose(li {Mimela), 241.
rosetti { Spileuchlora),

241.
rufescens (Scliizadore-

tus), 283.
riificapilla (Anomala),

153.
ru ticoUis ( Adorrhinyp-

tia), 274.
riificollis {Bhinyptia),

274.
rufipes (Anomala), 261.
riifiventris (Anomala),

236.
rufopicta (Parastasia),

37.
rugicauda (Mimela), 119.
ruqicolli&{Ischnopopillia),

"267.
rugicoUis (Topillia), 267.
nigilatera (Anomala),

253.
rugilatera, (Spiloia) (Ano-
mala), 253.
ntqipennis (Anomala),

'173.
I'ugipeunis (Pachyrrhin-

adoret.us), 285, 286.
nigosa (Anomala), 150.
rugosifrons (Pseudosing-

kal'a), 181.
rngosiis (Adoretns), 337.
JiKfelarclia, 35.

RUTELIN.E, 1.

s((iqovensis
325.

(Adoretus),

Scapliori-liinadoi-etus,
292.

ScAIiAB.KID^E, 1.

Schizadoretus, 283.
scliizonyclia (Fopillia),

88.
schneideri (Mimela), 108.
scutellaris (Popillia), 89.
scutellata (Phylloper-

ihina), 133.
semiaanea (Anomala),

214.
semiaurea (Anomala),

205.
seinicincfa { Omaloplia),

133.
serainitens (Anomala),

223.
seminitidus { Callisiethus),

243.
semiiista (Anomala), 160.
semivirens (Melolontba),

130.
sericea (Mimela), 109.
sei-iesetosus (Adoretns),

303.
serratipes (Adoretus),

319.
severa (Anomala), 220.
scrgiMata (Popillia), 96,

97.
sex<iuttata(Spilopopillia) ,

97.
sexmaculata (Fruhsfor-

feria), 48.
shanica (Anomala), 218.
signaticollis (Anomala),

198.
siliguria (Anomala), 188.
siloiiicus (Adoretus), 302,

357.
siloiiicus ( Cheetadoretus),

357.
similis (Mimela), 125.
simlana (Popillia), 89.
simplex (Adoretus), 329.
simj/lex (Mimela), 107.
Singluda, 127.
suiglialensis (Adoretus),

singularis (Anomala),

151.
smaragdida (Popillia),

73.
sorex (Adoretus), 339.
sorex (Rliamphadoretns),

291.
soror (Mimela), 114.
Spileuchlora, 127.
Spilopopillin, 96.
Spiluta, 126.

Spinanomala, 127.
splcndens (Melolonlha).

107.
splendens (Mimela), 107,

117.
splendida(H.adropopillia),

252.
Rplendida (PojyilUa), 252.
stenodera (Anomala),

172.
stenoptera (Anomala),

167.
stoliczkaj (Adoretus),

330.
stoliczk^e (Anomala),

2-13.
stoliczkcs ( Callidethus)

(Anomala), 243.
strigata (Anomala), 255.
strigata (EucJilora), 255.
striulafa (Anomala), 236.
subqiiadrata (Popillia),

7().
subserieea (Mimela), 113.
suillus (Rbampbadore-

tus), 291.
sulcata (EucJdora), 232.
sulcata (Popillia), 89.
sulcipetmis (Idiocncmu),

126.
sulcipennis (Parastasia),

43.
superflua (Anomala).

145.
suturalis (Adoretns), 348.
suturalis (Tlhinyptia),

270.
syriacus (Adoretus), 284.

tenella (Anomala), 133.
tenella ISinghala), 127.

133.
tener (Adoretus), 323.
terminalis (Mimela), 115.
testacea (Anomala), 160,

191.
testacea (BMuyptia), 269.
testaceipennis (Popillia).

69.
testaceus (Adoretus),

320.
tcsfaceus ( Geniatcs), 320.
tincticeps (Anonicala),

154.
tinctipennis (Anomala).

207.
transversa (Anomala),

142.
transversa (Phyllopertha),

142.

ALniABKTlCAL INDEX.

:587

Trichaiiomala, 95.
Trigonostoimim, 289.
tristis (Anoiuala), 168.
trivirgata (Anoiuala),

204.
troclianterica (Anoiuala),

238.
Tropion-hyiiclius, »4.
truncata (PopiUia), 56.
tumidicauda (Anomala),

247.
imnidicnuda ( CaUi)>fe-

thus) {AnoDialn), 247.

nmhros'us (Adoretus), 311.
u>nspinosa(Spi nana mala),

127.
iirsus {A(loretus), 289.
iirsiis (Ti-igonostoiiium),

289.

valiclipes (Anoiuala),

239.
Taria (Anonriala), 257.
varia {PopiUia), 257.
varians {Melolontha),

145.

varicolor (Anomala),

152.
varicolor {Melolontha),

152.
variegata (Anomala),

192.
variegaia {Mimela), 127,

248.
variivestis (Anomala),

156.
vernicata (Mimela), 1U6.
vernicata {Spilota), 106.
versiitu-s (Adoretus), 350.
vestigator (Anomala),

379.
reslilufi {Adoretus), 351 1.
victorioe (Adoretus), 326.
viddia {SiiigJiala.), 133.
viresoens (Dactylopo-

pillia), 56.
virescens {PopiUia), 56.
viridilatera (Anomala),

181.
viridipes (Mimela), 116.
riridis {Melolontha), 126.
vitiensis {Adoretus), 350.
vittata {Mimela), 110.
vittaticollis(Mimela),113.

vitlatiis (Prodoretiis),

279.
vitticauda (Adoretus).

312.
vittilatera (Ar.oinala),

256.
vivida (Anomala), l(i9.
vorstiiianni {Psrudo-

singhala), 127.
vulpeeulus (Adoretus),

327.

walkeri (Anomala), 163.
Wat erst raadti { SpiJen-
chlora), 127.

xantliocbronia 'Ano-
mala), 246.

xantlionota (Anomala).
244.

xantlioptera (Anomala),
224.

xantliorrhina (Mimela),
122.

ypsilon (Melolontha),
130.

PRINTED BY TATLOE AND FEAKCIS, BED HON COTET, FLEET STREET.

PLATE I.

Fig. 1. Dlcuuhcejihalus fece, Gestro, male, p. 35.

2. Tfopiorrht/nchus orientis, Newm., male, p. 54.

3. Anomala stoliczJcce, Sharp, p. 243.

4. Parastasia rufopicta, Westw., p. 37.

5. Bklrepaiiephorm hifalcifev, Wood-Mason, male, p. 51.

6. „ „ •> female.

7. Mimela madeai/aua, Vigors, female, p. 105.

8. Macropopillia arrowi, Ohaus, female, p. 94.

9. Anomala hella, Arrow, female, p. 208.

10. Peltomtm aasutus, Arrow, male, p. 29.

11. Adoretus limhatus, BL, male, p. 305.

12. PopUlia patricia. Arrow, female, p. 75.

ScARAB^iD^. Part 2.

Plate 1.

12

PLATE II.

^deagi of males of —

¥ig. 1. Anomala xanilioptera (^wenivBl),
p. 224.

2. A. peguensis (ventral), p. 230.

3. A. laniventris (dorsal), p. 221.

4. A. pcrphxa (ventral), p. 228.

5. A. chloronota „ p. 227.

6. A. cliloropus „ p. 229.

7. A. grandis ,, p. 234.

8. A. chlorophylla ,, p. 233.

9. A. dussumieri (lateral), p. 233.

10. ,, (ventral).

11. A. desiecata „ p. 226.

12. A. rhodomela „ p. 235.

13. A. clilorochelys (lateral), p. 236.

14. „ (ventral).

15. A. chlorosoma ,, p. 231.

16. A. dimidiata ,, p. 232.

17. A. cupripes „ p. 234.

18. A. bilohata (dorsal), p. 156.

19. A.Jissildbris (lateral), p. 157.

20. „ (dorsal).

21. ^. dorsaJis „ p. 136.

Fig. 22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
3u.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.

Anomcdd eJata (dorsal), p. 145.
A. illusa „ p. 144.

A. polita „ p. 146.

A. snperfiua ,, p. 145.

A. bengaJensis ,, p. 143.

„ (lateral).

A. pellmida (dorsal), p. 159.

160.

160.

164.

163.

163.

165.

167.

166.

180.

A. blanchardi

A. seiniusta

A. comimmis

A

A

A

A

A

gravida ,.

walleri ,,

andamanica ,,

stenopttra „

biharensis ,,

A. inarginipennis ,,
^4. varicolor (lateral), p. 152

,. (dorsal).
A. ruJiaipiUa ,, p. 153
A. erosa (lateral), p. 168.
,, (dorsal).

ScARAB^iD^. Part 2.

Plate II.

PLATE III.

^Ecleagi oi:' males of —

Pig. 1. Anomahi densa (ventral), p. 221.

2. A. cantori (lateral), p. 220.

3. „ (dorsal).

4. A. 2)ictipes (dor Hal), p. 219.

5. A. cJilorocarpa (ventral), p. 230.

6. A. dmvnensis ,, p. 225.
. 7. „ (lateral).

8. A.pajyuva (ventral), p. 224.

9. A. indistincki „ p. 229.

10. A. obtusicollis „ p. 225.

11. A. angidlcolHs „ p. 222.

12. ^. i(/niceps ,, p. 222.

13. A. chrysocMora (dorsal), p. 22(5.

14. A. validipes „ p. 239.

15. „ (lateral).

16. A. faviventris (dorsal), p. 210.

17. „ (ventral).

18. A. 7171/rovaria „ p. 149.

19. A. longicepff „ p. 194.

20. A. variivestis (dorsal), p. 156.

21. „ (lateral).

Fig. 22. AnomaJa fcdlaciosa (dorsal),
p. 179.

23. .1. niithracina (lateral), p. 17-"i.

24. A. propinqua ,, p. 174.

25. A. diversipennis (dorsal), p. 206.

26. ,, (lateral).

27. A. deciiyiens (dorsal), p. 188.

34. „ (lateral).

28. A. leporalis (dorsal), p. 187.

29. „ (lateral).

30. A. mus (dorsal), p. 183.

31. A. siliguria (lateral), p. 188.

32. .4. aureqflava (dorsal), p. 190.

33. ,, (lateral).

35. J. /MZi;u'e«im (dorsal), p. 197-

36. A. sir/natlcollis „ p. 198.

37. A. regina (lateral), p. 252.

38. ,, (dorsal).

39. A. vittilatera (lateral), p. 256.

40. „ (dorsalj.

41. .1. rugilatera (ventral), p. 25;').

ScARAB^iD^. Part 2.

Plate II!.

PLATE IV.

^^Meagi oi males ot-

¥\g. 1. Anomala singulans
p. 151.

2. A. shicjularis (lateral).

3. A. euojis (dorsal), p

4. A. cegrota „ p
o. A. tincticeps „ p,
(). „ (lateral).

7. A. madrasica (dorsal),

8. A. comma ,,

9. A. variegata ,,

lU. A. shanica (ventral), p

11. .1. madurm ,, p

12. A. degenerata (dorsal),

13. „ (lateral),

14. Popillia margiincoUis

p. 64.

15. P. feliv (dorsal),

1 6. P. hirmaaica „

17. P. andamanico ,.

18. P. lucida „
lU. P. pidchripes „

20. 7^ Si-Mzonycha ,,

21. 7^. discalis ,,

22. /*. exitnia „

(ventral),

24

173.

25

171.

26

154.

27

p. 159.

28

p. 193.

29

p. 192.

30

218.

31

252.

32

p. 254.

33

34

(doi'sal ),

35.

36.

p. 63.

37.

p. 05.

p. 66.

38.

p. 81.

39.

p. 80.

40.

p. 88.

41.

p. 85.

p. 84.

42.

Fig. 23.

Popillia complanata (dorsal),

p. 87.
P. adamas (dorsal), p. 84.
P. propinqua ,, p. 87.
Adorrldnyptia fusca (dorsal),

p. 275.
Adorehcs affinis (dorsal), p. 331.
A. suturalis (lateral), p. 348.

,, (dorsal).

A. costopilosus „ p. 318.

A. posticalis (lateral), p. 340.

„ (dorsal).

A. punjabensis (lateral), p. 344.

,, (dorsal).

Peperonota harringtoni (ventral),

p. 33.
P. harringtoni (lateral).
P. cristafa (ventral), p. 34.

„ (lateral).
Propomacrus parrgi (dorsal),

p. 369.
P. macleayi (dorsal), p. 373.

ScARAB^iD^. Part 2.

Plate IV.

PLATE V.

^deagi of males of —

ig. ] . Tri(/onostomum ursus, p. 289.

2. Oxyadoretus Icetvs, p. 282.

'3. 0. nasutus, p. 282.

4. Pacliyrrhinadoretus riKjipennis

(Ahmedabad), ]). 286.

5. ,, (Kurnool).

6. „ (Dharwar).

7. ,, (Belgaum).

8. „ (S. Bombay).

9. „ (Madura).

10. „ (Malabar).

11. Aduretus nephriticus, p. ^'oO.

12. A. duplicatus (dorsal), p. 308.

13. „ (lateral).

14. A. Mcaudatiis (dorsal), p. 3 10.

15. „ (lateral).

16. A.jiavus, p. 315.

17. ^l./rato'cw/iw, p. 316.

18. ^1. serrati'pes, p. 3! 9.

19. A. testaceus (dorsal), p. 320.

20. „ (lateral).

21. A. namlis, p. 320.

22. A. epiplearcdis, p. 325.

23. A. arid, p. 326.

24. A. victoriiv, (lateral), p. 326.

Fig. 25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.

Adoretus victoria; (dorsal), p. 32(5.

A. nitidus, p. 333.

J . Jcanarensis, p. 337.

A. ovalis, p. 338.

A. sorex, p. 339.

A. fmciceps (dorsal), p. 355.

,, (lateral).
^4. crihratus, p. 339.
A. rcyosus, p. 337.
A. horticola, p. 344.
A. mus, p. 345.
^1 . lasiopygus, p. ti49.
A. birnianus, p. 313.
A. di sting uendus (dorsal), p. 315.

(lateral).
A. simplex, p. 329.
A. infans, p. 352.
.1 . versutus, p. 350.
A. duvauceU, p. 343.
A. feniinalis, p. 353.
A. laciistris, p. 314,
A. corpulentus, p. 323.
A. pusillus, p. 354.
A. plehejus, p. 342.
A, hengalensis, p. 353.

ScARAB/EiD-t. Part 2.

Plate V.

UNIFORM WITir THE PNESETr VOEUME.

The Fauna of British India,

including Ceylon and Burma.

Mammalia. By W. T. BLA^"F()Rl>, F.K.S. Nunieions illitstraiitms. £"1.

Fishes: Vols. 1. & 11. By F. Day, C.l.i;., LL.D. „ „ £1 each.

Birds : Vols. 1. & 11. Bv P]. W. Gates, F.Z.8. „ „ ) Vol. 1. £-1. Vols.

Vols. 111. & iV. "By VV. T. Blanfoku, F.B.S. ,, „ j ll.-iV. lo.s.each.

Reptilia and Batrachia. By G. A. Boulengur, I'.R.S. ,, „ £1.

Moths : Vols. I.^IV. By Sir G. F. Hampsox, Bart. „ ,, li eacli.

Hymenoptera: \'ols. 1. iK: 11. liy Lt.-Col.C.T.]]ixGHAM. ., ,, i-'l each.

and ;"> ])late8.

Arachnida. By K. 1. Pocock. Numerous illustrations. M)x.

I Vols. 1. IV. £[
Rhynchota : \ ols. l.-\ 1. B»y W . L. Distant. ,, „ J each. Vols.V. &

I VI. ios. each.
Butterflies: Vols. 1. & II. By Lt.-Col. C. T. Bingham. „ ,^ ' £1 each

and -lO plates.

Coleoptera : \\\\. \. {('<-'ramhiicithf). ByC. J.Gahan. Numerous illustrations. lO.-.
\o\. 11. [ C/iri/su)ne/i</ce). By M. Jacobv. ^^ £\^

and 2 plates.
(Liaiicl/ior/iid). ^\)l. I. By G. J. Auiiow. Numerous illustrations

and 2 plates. lOi.

Mollusca (TestacelUdce and Zvnitithe). By the lale W. T. Blanfobd, F.ll.S.

and Lt.-Col. H. II. Godwix-Austkn, F.K.S. Numerous illustrations. JOs.

Dermaptera (Earwigs). By M. Buuu, D.Sc, M..\., &c. ,,

and 10 plates. lOy.

Freshwater Sponges, .'v;c-. By N. Anxandai.k, D.Sc. Numerous illustrations

and .-) plates. lO.s.

Coleoptera (Gen. lnti<)<l.. and Ctciiulclidce and I'dxssidtc). Bv W. W . I'd-svLKH.

iM.A.. D.Sc, cV-e. Numerous illu.>tr;iti,ins. £].

Nematocerous Diptera (excludinp- the Cliirtnuniiidff and the ('nHcubf). Bv

E, BuiNKTTi. Illustrations in 'iV\t and ll' plait's. £].

Ichneumonidae. By Claudk Mouley, F.Z.S. Numerou.s illustrations

and 1 plate. £1.

Orthoptera (Jt/V/Z/V/c^'). By W. K. Kiiuiv. F.L.S, Numerous illustrations. jO.s-.

Mollusca; Vnl. II. (Trocliomorpldda' — Janellidce). By G. K. (iI'dk. F.Z.S.

Numerous illustrations. £1.

Vol. III. (Freshwater Gastropoda and I'elecypoda). Jiv II. B.
ritKSToN, F.Z.S. "illustrations in Te.xt. \{)s.

Coleoptera {('///■•■/di<i/iid.-r). By (i. A. K. .Mai;siiai,i,, h'.Z.S.

Numerou> iIlu,->tral:oiis. l~)x.

Fauna of British India.

In the ''FAUNA OF BRITISH INDIA" Series
the further volumes which the Editor, Dr. A. E. Shiph^y
with the assistance of Dr. Guy A. K. Marshall, aud with tlie
sanction of the Secretary of State for India, has arranged
for, ai'c : —

A'olunies on Butlerfiies (Lycd'nldie and Ilesperi'uhc) Ijy
Mr. H. H. Druce : on the Loiuj'icorn Beetles by Mr. ( -.
J. Gahan : on the Lvodidoi and Argasldcp. by Mr. C
AVarburton : on Leeches by Mr. W. A. Harding: on the
Apteri/gota, Terniitldce and Fmhiidce by Mr. A. D. Inims :
on the l)ij)tera Bvacliycera by Mr. E. Brunetti : on the
Opercnlafa by Mr. G. K. Gude : on the Ilispidce and
Cassididcc by Mr. S. Maulik : on the li/u/nchota by Mr. W. L.
Distant : on the CurcuJioiddd' by Dr. G. A. K. IMarshall :
on the ('arcdndir by Mr. H. E. Andrewcs : and on the
Mehidic })v Mr. K. G. Blair.

.*: .^.^: