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JO Westwood del?
Cu
Y, [-3 THE
COLEOPTERISTS MANUAL,
CONTAINING THE
LAMELLICORN INSECTS
OF
LINNEUS AND FABRICIUS.
BY THE —
oe A] REV. F. W. HOPE, F.B.S. F.L.8. F.Z.S.
ETC. ETC.
LONDON : HENRY G. BOHN, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
MDCCCXXXVII.
TO THE REV. WILLIAM KIRBY, M.A.
Wonorary President OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, F-eR.S. F.L.S. F.G.S,. ETC.
———
My pear Sir,
In an humble attempt to facilitate the acquirement of a knowledge of that interesting and important science which your philosophical and practical researches have so much tended to illus- trate and dignify, not less to the glory of God, than to the benefit of man; I assure myself I shall at least secure your sympathy in my efforts, what- ever opinion you may entertain of their possible SUCCESS.
Trusting that many years may yet be vouchsafed to you, in further prolongation of so long and useful
a, life, | Believe me to be,
Your’s, very sincerely,
EF, W. Hope.
Shortly will be published,
THE FIRST FASCICULUS OF THE COLEOPTEROUS FAUNA OF NEW HOLLAND. BY THE
REV. F. W. HOPE, F.RS. F.LS. F.Z.S. &c. &c.
PREFACE.
Tue origin of this attempt at a Classification of the Lamellicorns, may probably be traced to my in- terleaved copies of the Systema Nature of Linneus, and the Systema Eleutheratorum of Fabricius, in which for some years past I have been in the habit of noting down any remarks which occurred to me, while grouping and arranging my collection. The suggestion of a friend, accompanied by a letter urging the request, induces me to give to the Public the results of these observations, and I trust that, however imperfect or even faulty this Manual may appear, it yet may be the means of enabling the Student to name the Linnean and Fabrician species of his collection with more facility and accuracy than can be derived from any Entomological work hitherto published. Entomology in Europe at the present day is making rapid progress, and it must
be a source of regret to the real lover of science,
al PREFACE.
that few of the Elementary books already published are sufficiently simple and satisfactory; perhaps the best that has appeared is the Entomologia Edinensis, published by that elegant writer, James — Wilson, of Edinburgh ; throughout the work pe- dantry is avoided, while orismology is attended to, and what is of more consequence, the philosophy of science is steadily kept in view. It is, however, but a local Fauna, and therefore cannot be of general utility. The glowing pages of a Kirby and a Spence have no doubt mduced many individuals to prose- cute with ardour the study of Insects.—Alas! like the grammar of a language, the elements of science (particularly that of Entomology) have presented at the outset not only a stumbling block, but a very for- midable barrier, nearly insuperable to human assi- duity. To clear away these impediments, to render the tyro’s first attempts at systematic Entomology more engaging than at present, is one object of the pre- sent Manual; asecond is, that the writings of Lin- neus and Fabricius may no longer be as a sealed book or dead letter; a third is, to exhibit the state of Entomological science at the present day, and thereby enable others to direct attention to those points which have been most neglected. Let us
enquire how it happens that the writings of the
PREFACE, Vil
above authors are nearly useless to the tyro in Entomology. The student having lately acquired the rudiments of science, naturally applies to the Systema Nature of Linneus for further information. He is surprised at the extreme brevity of the generic characters, and can depend little on the sections or sub-divisions of the genera described generally in a few words. He next has recourse to the Entomo- logica Systematica of Fabricius, where he is at once overwhelmed by the barbarous terms of the latter writer, and sighs for the classic elegance of the former. After much study and loss of time both are abandoned in despair, and if he still continues a desire to prosecute the study of Insects, he is com- pelled to seek information in the more voluminous writers of Sweden, Germany, and France. Should the student be a Linguist all is well; if not, further pursuit is altogether hopeless; consequently, the study of some of the most beautiful and varied forms of the Creation becomes abandoned, and the science of Entomology is deprived of the assistance of many who might have contributed to its renown. With the scientific the united works of Linneus and Fa- bricius must ever be considered as essential to the study of Entomology, and I know of no better means
of rendering their labours acceptable to the young
V1ll PREFACE.
beginner than by examining in detail the various Orders, Families, Genera and Species into which different authors have sub-divided the class Insecta. I commence this Manual with the Order of the Coleoptera, placing in a tabular arrangement the La- mellicorns described by Linneus. The first column will give the Linnean species—the second the country they inhabit, which in the Systema Nature is ex- ceedingly faulty, as the Geographical distribution of Insects in those days was little attended to—the third column will contain an arrangement of the species under the several genera which modern Entomologists have adopted. Next to the Linnean Lamellicorns, will appear a tabular arrangement of those of Fabricius, divided into four columns. The first containing his genera, the second his recorded species, the third the countries they in- habit (often as faulty as the former), and the last will present a generic arrangement of authors similar to the preceding, and exhibiting as far as possible the state of modern science. It may be necessary here to give my reasons why I have in several cases changed the generic names, such as are in common use on the Continent. My friend, Mr. Wilham Sharpe MacLeay, has very properly restricted the
name Scarabeus to the genus of Beetles denomi-
PREFACE. 1X
nated Ateuchus by Illiger, some of the species being esteemed sacred by the antients. The celebrated Latreille unfortunately applies the same term Scara- beus to those insects allied to Dynastes Hercules, M. L.; and here I cannot help stating, I consider it rather remarkable that these giants of the New World should receive from the Prince of Entomo- logists an appellation derived from the Old World, when the typical Lamellicorns of the Western he- misphere differ materially in form and appearance from any species yet discovered in the Eastern.
_ Merely mentioning this, which may be regarded as a slight inadvertency, I pass onwards to the exami- nation of other generic names in use among authors. Fabricius, it appears, has applied the term Geotrupes to what Latreille has denominated Scarabeeus. Now as both authors, according to my views, are in error, particularly the former, the derivation of the word Geotrupes, or Earth-borer, being given to a group of Tree-borers, I suggest the adoption of a new one, which will better express the habits of the Latreil- lean Scarabzeus, namely Xylotrupes, or Wood-borer, from = vAov lignum, andrpua perforo—this simple alteration will not be thought, I trust, inapplicable. Among the remaining genera few will be changed,
and nowhere will any alteration be attempted where
Xx PREFACE.
the name is significant, or has not already been used by a prior writer. I have always been averse to changing generic names, as it creates confusion. Synonomy is at all times a perplexing study, and the — enormous increase of new terms tends greatly to impede the progress of science. I am aware that there are Naturalists who revel with delight while disentangling Synonyms. I give them great credit for perseverance, and can fully appreciate their labours ; but let me ask what is the reward of many anxious hours passed in endeavouring to clear up a difficulty ? anything indeed but what 1s satisfactory. The soundest views and opinions are often disputed, mistaken, or misrepresented. A paper war ensues to the utter detriment of science ; and to amity, too often succeeds the unrelenting hatred of the con- flicting parties. It may here be asked, perhaps, why I have not given the various Synonyms of the species alluded to in Linneus and Fabricius; my answer is, because it has already been admirably executed by the illustrious Schonherr, whose work is, or ought to be, mm the hand of every person who calls himself an Entomologist. Next to the tabular arrangement above mentioned, the present Manual will contain the character of several new unpub-
lished genera, illustrated by outline drawings, the
PREFACE. Xl
major part of them described and originally rudely sketched with a pen by Mr. Kirby’s own hand. Mr. Westwood has carefully inspected the outlines, and with some few necessary additions they are now submitted to the public. Here I cannot resist ex- pressing the pleasure I feel in acknowledging Mr. Kirby’s extreme liberality in offering to me the use of his manuscripts and sketches relating to the La- mellicorns of his collection, a group which doubtless he esteemed not only as one of the most numerous in genera and species among the families of Insects, but also, I imagine, of first rate importance, whether we regard the havoc they occasion in re- ducing to mere powder the mightiest monarchs of the forest, as well as in checking the over luxuriance of tropical vegetation, or whether we contem- plate the fertility occasioned by the burrowing of the Copride in the earth, which drill the soil for depositing their ova, and carry with them to the roots of vegetation the richest of manures.
Mr. Kirby appears, from the manuscripts before me, to have bestowed much time and attention on the Scarabeide. He is too well known as a writer of eminence to require anything like praise from any individual for his profound entomological views.
Considering it a great gain to science if his manu-
Xl PREFACE.
scripts could be published, I solicited his consent ; and feel happy in being enabled to mingle his materials with mine. The remaining part of this Brochure will contain some _ observations on the Linnean and Fabrician genera cited in the above Tables, and occasional remarks relating to the more remarkable species. The Writer will not presume to say that many faults and inaccura- cies will not be discovered; particularly as he has been obliged to depend sometimes merely on a concise Latin description taken from the above quoted authors. Any Entomologist indifferently acquainted with their writings, has reason to regret the brevity of their descriptions ; which in some cases will apply to many species of a genus. There is a chance, however, of rectifying in future any material mistakes which may appear ; an extensive correspondence with the leading Scavans of Europe will enable him to correct his errors. Having visited many of the Continental collections, he can speak decidedly on most of the Fabrician species ; where he is in doubt, he hopes that satisfactory in- formation will yet be gleaned from the authentic cabinets of Copenhagen and Kiel; and at a future time he will have no objection to reprint the pre-
sent publication should it be thought necessary.
PREFACE. X11
In concluding these observations the Writer adds his opinion, that in case the present attempt be successful in rendering the Linnean and Fabri- cian writings better known and more practically useful, an important end will be gained. Should those individuals who are capable of forming an opinion of the want of such a work sanction it with their approbation, and think it worthy even of the term of Manual, or indeed in any way useful to the Student, the author’s chief object will be realised, namely, the furtherance of science. And if such should eventually prove the result, hereafter he may be induced to illustrate the remaining pages of Linneus and Fabricius which are devoted by them to the Coleoptera, and probably also the
remaining orders of insects.
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THE LAMELLICORN BEETLES,
GENUS,
Linnean. Species.
CSonrtanrrown
pom ed = © e
OR CORE CM I I ll goal eal eg a SEBRNESRESSHPSOMIANDA ES
31. 32.
. Hercules - Gideon - Actzeon
Simson
. Tityus
Atlas
. Alceus . Molossus . Typhoeus
Lunaris
. Cylindricus . Bilobus
. Lancifer
. Rhinoceros . Nasicornis . Carolinus
. Mimas
. Sacer
- Didymus
- Valgus
- Hispanus
Carnifex Granarius
. Nuchicornis . Vacca
Taurus
- Bison . Subterraneus
Erraticus
. Maurus
Fossor Fimetarius
DESCRIBED BY LINNEUS.
SCARAB AUS of Linneus.
Country.
S. America E. Indies S.. America S. America N. America E. Indies
N. and S. America
China Europe England England
S. America S. America Asia Europe
N. America S. America Europe and Africa S. America N. America Spain
N. America Europe England England Europe Italy England Europe Mauritania England Scotland
PETALOCERA of MacLeay. LAMELLICORNS of Latreille.
Arrangement of Authors.
Dynastes, Mac Leay. Xylotrupes, Hope. Megasoma, Kirby. Megasoma, Kirby. Dynastes, Mac Leay. Chalcosoma, Hope. Strategus, Kirby. Catharsius, Hope. Typheeus, Leach. Copris, Fabricius. Sinodendron, Fabricius. Xylotrupes, Hope ? Phanzeus, Mac Leay. Oryctes, Illiger. Oryctes, Illiger.
Copris, Fabricius. Phanzeus, Mac Leay. Scarabeeus, Mac Leay. Phileurus, Latreille. Phileurus, Latreille. Copris, Fabricius. Phaneeus, Mac Leay. Aphodius, Fabricius. Onthophagus, Latreille. Onthophagus, Latreille. Onthophagus, Latreille. Bubas, Megerle. Aphodius, Fabricius.
Glaphyrus, Latreiile. Aphodius, Fabricius.
Linnean Species.
33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. AG. 47. 48. 49. 50. ol. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
71.
72. 73. 74.
Heemorrhoidales Conspurcatus
Marianus Gigas Scaber Laticollis Longimanus Pilularius Scheefferi Stercorarius Vernalis Calcaratus Schreberi Ovatus Amazonus Sabulosus Chrysis Surinamus Nitidus Festivus Lineola Sticticus Sepicola Syriacus Fullo Agricola Horticola Melolontha Solstitialis Occidentalis Hemipterus Farinosus Aulicus Longipes Lanigerus Squalidus Hirtellus Fasciatus Indus Brunnus Capensis Eremita
16
Country.
Germany France Carolina Egypt
N. America S. Europe Asia Europe Germany — England Austria
_ Egypt
Germany England Surinam Europe
S. America Surinam Carolina N. America S. America Barbary
-E. Indies?
E. Indies England France England France England Carolina France
- Europe
Africa PUBS.
N. America Germany France England N. America Europe IPB. 8; Europe
Arrangement of Authors.
Aphodius, Fabricius. Dynastes 9, Mac Leay. Heliocopris, Hope. Dynastes, Mac Leay. Scarabeeus, Mac Leay. Eucheirus, Kirby. Gymunopleurus, Idliger. Sisyphus, Latreille. Geotrupes, Latreille, Dichelus? Serville.
Onthophagus, Latreille.
Cyclocephala, Latreille. Trox, Fabricius. . Macraspis, Mac Leay. Rutela, Latreille. Gymnetis, Mac Leay. Phanzeus, Mac Leay. Rutela, Latreille. Cetonia, Fabricius.
. Anisoplia ?
Anisoplia ? Melolontha, Fabricius. Anisoplia, Megerle.
'Melolontha, F. sp. vulgaris.
Zantheumia, Leach. Rhisotrogus, Latreille. Valgus Scriba.
Hoplia, Illiger. Hoplia ? Monochelus? Illiger. Areoda, Leach. Cetonia, Fabricius.
Trichius, Fabricius. Cetonia, Fabricius. Serica, MacLeay, sp. brunnea Cetonia, Fabricius.
Osmoderma, Encyciopedie.
17
Arrangement of Authors.
Cetonia, Fabricius. Pelidnota, Mac Leay. Gymnetis, Mac Leay. Cetonia, Fabricius. Gnorimus, E’ncyclopedie. Pelidnota, Mac Leay. Gnorimus, Serville. Serica, Mac Leay? Cercyon, Leach. Aphodius, Fabricius.
Genus doubtful.
Lucanus, Linneus.
Passalus, Fabricius. Lucanus, Linneus. Dorcus, Megerle. Platycerus, Latreille.
Linnean Species. Country. 75. Fascicularis P. B.S. 76. Punctatus Carolina 77. Lanius N. America 78. Auratus Europe 79. Variabilis England 80. CEruginosa S. America 81. Nobilis England 82. Aineus Unknown 83. Quisquilius England 84. 4-maculatus England 85. Plagiatus Upsal 86. Rufipes England 87. Ceratonize Egypt Genus. LUCANUS or Linneus. THALEROPHAGOUS RECTOCERA of Mac Leay. LAMELLICORNS of Latreille. 1. Cervus Europe 2. Capreolus N. America 3. Tridentatus landia 4, Interruptus N. & S. America 5. Carinatus Indies 6. Parallelipipedus | England 7. Caraboides Europe
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REMARKS AND ANNOTATIONS ON THE
LINNEAN LAMELLICORNS.
Species 1. Scarabeus Hercules, (Linn. )— This is the type of the genus Dynastes, MacLeay; asso- ciated with it are the following species: viz. Al- cides, Perseus, and ‘Tityus of Fabricius, and Nep- tunus of Schonherr. By some writers Alcides and Perseus are considered only as varieties of Hercules. Se. Marianus, Linn. is only the female of Tityus. Sc. Glaucus, Jablonsky, is also a synonym of Sc. Ma- rianus. ‘The generic characters of Dynastes, MacLeay, are given at length in the 14th volume of the Linnean Transactions by Mr. Kirby, vide part 3, p. 567.
Sp. 2. Gideon.— Now a Xylotrupes. In the Preface the reader will find my reasons stated for substituting the above term for Geotrupes of Fabri- cius. ‘This latter name is applied in England and France at the present day to those species of Lamel- licorns which are allied to Sc. Stercorarius, Linn.
c 2
20 With respect to Gideon, and the following species denominated Oromedon, it is probable they are but varieties of the same insect. In my cabinet are various intermediate specimens connecting them. _
Sp. 3. Acteon.—To the genus Megasoma K. also belong G. Simson, Elephas, Typhon of Fabricius, and also Scarabeeus Hector of Gory, lately published in the Annals of the Entomological Society of France. The details of the genus Megasoma Kirby, will be found in the 14th volume of the Linnean Transac- tions, part 3, p. 566.
Spe. 6. Atlas.—Of the genus Chalcosoma Hope. By a communication received from my friend De Haan of Leyden, I am informed that S. Chiron, Oliv. is considered as the female of Atlas. If such is the case, both sexes have the thorax cornuted. The species which I described under the names of Dynastes Hardwicku, Childreni & Kirbii, form then a subgenus, as the females have the thorax smooth and rounded. To the genus Chalcosoma belong G. Caucasus, Fab., Dyn. Hesperus, Erichson, and I have little doubt that there are in the English and Continental collections three if not four un- described species.
Sp. 8. Molossus.—I am here inclined to form a
new genus, comprehending those Copride which are
21
_ allied to Copris Molossus, Fab. ‘The following short characters may probably be deemed sufficient, as the type is well known. ‘‘Clypeus integer, seu subemarginatus, cornutus, thorace retuso dentato punctatissimo, fovea laterali magna levi nec punc- tata, elytrisque minutissime rugulosis.” I suggest the adoption of the term Catharsius, kaOapovos, ‘‘purgandi vim habens,” or purifier, for this sub- genus, which well expresses the benefit derived from these scavengers of warm and tropical regions. To it belong Copris Ursus of Fabricius, Achates of Olivier, Sagax of Schonherr and Cop. Olivieri, and Asrael of Kirby.
Se. 9. Typheus.—Dyr. Leach in the Edinburgh Encyclopedia (1812) gave to this section of Co- pride the term Typhzus as a generic name, and to the species the name of Vulgaris. Dr. Fischer more recently published it under the name of Cera- tophyus. G. dispar and Momus of Fabricius, as well as Monoceros of Dahl, nermis of Marsham, and subarmatus of De Jean, belong to this genus. The latter species is probably only a variety of inermis.
Sp. 12. Bilobus.—In the Continental cabinets two species closely allied to Bilobus are not unfrequently
met with.
22
Sp. 17. Mimas.—-This splendid insect belongs to Mr. W. Sharpe MacLeay’s genus Phaneus. In the Hore Entomologice will be found about twenty species described, several of them are apparently | unknown to the French writers, as the Baron De Jean only mentions two species to which Mr. MacLeay’s names are attached.
Sp. 18. Sacer.—Now the type of Mr. MacLeay’s genus Scarabeus, and subgenus Heliocantharus. It is singular that the same remark which has been made respecting the species of Phanzus may also be applied to those of Scarabzus, two of Mr. MacLeay’s names only being cited, and these being sunk down into synonyms. Whence arises this omission ? purposely or not? does it proceed from a national jealousy? I trust not. Does it arise from a want of individual exertion and industry ? if so, it is to be hoped that some Entomologist will yet arise and undertake an interesting monograph, embodying in it Mr. MacLeay’s observations, and inform the Continent what has been done since that writer quitted England, now a period of nine years.
Sp. 24. Nuchicornis.—Now of the genus Ontho- phagus, which requires however to be divided into several subgenera. I am acquainted with more
than three hundred species, the major part of
23
which are in my possession. The species received from New Holland appear to differ from any of those which inhabit the New or Old World. The reason I do not here attempt a new arrangement is, that the forms are varied, and require a very careful and minute investigation.
Sp. 35. Marianus.—This is only the female of Dynastes Tityus; the former name must therefore be considered only as a synonym.
Sp. 36. Gigas——Now an Heliocopris. This gi- gantic insect is closely allied to Copris Isidis of Savigny, and may justly be ranked among those beetles which antiquity esteemed as sacred. It frequently occurs engraved on the obelisks of Egypt, and on the tombs of the kings, and is met with m collections sculptured of various sizes. As it very commonly occurs engraved at the temples of Osiris or the Sun, I suggest the adoption of the term Heliocopris to include all those species of Copris allied to C. Gigas, Linn. The following insects range with it: viz. C. Midas, Bucephalus, Antenor, Isidis; and to these may be added from my own collection those which are mentioned in Mr. Pettigrew’s work on Egyptian Antiquities,
namely, C. Osiris, Apis, Memnon, Sesostris, Meeris,
24
and Shishack, and to these may probably be attached also C. 'Tmolus of Fischer.
Sp. 37. Scaber.—On reference to the insects of the Museum of Queen Ulrica of Sweden, described | by Linneus, this species would by Entomologists generally be ranked as an Oryctes. ‘The Syno- nymia Insectorum of Schonherr gives it as the female of Dynastes Hercules. :
Sp. 39. Longumanus.— Messrs. Kirby and Spence, in their invaluable Introduction to Entomology, some years back, gave the name of Eucheirus as a generic appellation to the above insect. The Baron De Jean, in his last Catalogue, also applied the same term to a Brazilian Lamellicorn ; the latter insect is a pigmy compared with the above species, and scarcely deserves the appellation. I retain, therefore, Mr. Kirby’s name, particularly as no doubt could exist as to the species intended. In the Entomological Magazine a genus denominated Propomacrus by Mr. Newman has been published, which closely resembles Eucheirus, and of which the typical species (Arbaces Newm.) has been long figured by Pallas under the name of Scarabzus bimucronatus.
Sp. 44. Calcaratus.—No ticketed specimen of the
25
above insect is visible at present in the Linnean cabinet. It is probable it might belong to the genus Ba-hclas of Serville, as there are some un- labelled specimens in the collection belonging to that genus.
Sp. 47. Amazonus.—This insect appears to be only a variety of Cyclocephala signata, Fab. vid. Schon. Syn. Insect, p. 1. page 188, 122°.
Sp. 55. Sepicola.—I conclude that this insect is an Anisoplia, merely from Linneus’s short descrip- tion, “habitus Sc. horticole sed triplo minor.” It is not to be found in his cabinet.
Sp. 56. Syriacus.—This species, like the former, is described from the Queen of Sweden’s collection ; it is probably an Anisoplia.
Sp. 57. Solstetialts—Dr. Leach some years back gave the name of Zantheumia to those species of Melolonthide allied to M. Solstitialis, Linn. Rhi- sotrogus of Latreille is the name now commonly adopted on the Continent; the name Amphimalla (still retained by Stephens) having been expunged by Latreille himself. (Régne An. 4. p. 561.)
Sp. 66. Longipes.—In the account of the museum of the Queen of Sweden the description of this insect will be found (vide page 20). Tulbagh gives the Cape of Good Hope as its true locality.
26
In magnitude he describes this species as approach- ing that of Sc. horticola, now an Anisoplia of Megerle. From the detailed description it appears to be a Monochelus, or Lepitrix. |
Sp. 69. Hirtellus——It seems probable that this species can only be considered as a variety of Ceto- nia Squalida of Fabricius.
Sp. 72. Brunnus.—Probably a misprint for Brun- neus. ‘This is now the type of Mr. MacLeay’s genus Serica. The specific name must be changed to Brunnea to accord with the generic one.
Sp. '78. Auratus. —This insect I consider the type of Cetonia Fab. Perhaps no family of insects evinces the rapid growth of Entomology more than the Cetoniade. Messrs. Gory and Perchéron in their late Monograph mention more than four hun- dred species ; more than seventy species, which have fallen under my inspection, are not noticed in it ; Mr. W. Sharpe MacLeay is also acquainted at least with two hundred species which are not desig- nated, making in the whole six hundred species ; and it is not saying too much that the above amount is probably far short of what will yet be discovered.
Sp. 82. Auneus.—-I am at a loss to decide with what genus this Linnean insect is to be ranged ; in
size it approaches Serica brunnea, MacLeay ; and
27
from the general description it appears that it may belong to it. There is no specimen of it remaining at present in the Linnean cabinet.
Sp. 87. Ceratonie.—The reference in the Sue: tema Nature of Linneus is to Hasselquist’s Iter Palestinum, 409, n. 99, where it is called a Scara- beus, and compared to a small Coccinella. Longi- tudo, lin. 13. On turning to the work entitled Museum Ludovice Ulrice Regine, published in 1764 by Linné, the following remarks are made on this species: ‘‘ Corporis habitus, magnitudo et structura Dermestidis typographi.” It would there- fore be rashness to decide to which genus this insect belongs at present.
In concluding my observations upon the Linnean Lamellicorns, it may here be noted that whenever the collection of Queen Ulrica is mentioned and referred to in the Systema Nature, there is seldom any specimen of those species preserved in the Linnean cabinet. At different times various insects have been presented to the Linnean cabinet by various individuals, yet, as a collection, it is not extensive and not arranged as it ought to be; and it is solely with a view to the increase of the Lin. nean Society’s collection thet I now state that it
will, in all probability, receive considerable additions
28
by the liberality of its members, if its arrange- ment be undertaken, being aware of several persons who are willing to contribute to it, and most gladly
would I give a quantity of duplicates, should in- 7 creased attention be bestowed on the Entomological
department of that Society.
Fabrician
Genera.
1]. LETHRUS.
2. GEOTRUPES.
THE LAMELLICORN BEETLES,
COONAN RhWNWDHE WH
Do WD W WD WWD KH SB RP BP BP KP BE eS eS eS
34,
DESCRIBED BY FABRICIUS.
Fabrician Species.
» Cephalotes . /Eneus
. Hercules
. Alcides
. Gideon
- Oromedon . Centaurus . Ganymedes . Jephtha
. 4igeon
. Chorinzeus - Dichotomus
Claviger.
. Hastatus . Enema . Pan
. Bilobus . Croesus . Dedalus - Truncatus . Zoilus
. Actzeon . Simson . Elephas - Boas
. Janus
. Bicornis . Orion
. Bicolor . Tityus
. Atlas
. Caucasus . Geryon . Aleeus
. Typhon
Vulcanus
The Countries they inhabit.
S. Europe N. Holland S. America S. America E. Indies E. Indies Africa Guinea Guinea
S. America Brazils Japan
S. America S. America Brazils Brazils Cayenne Java
S. America New Holland Cayenne
S. America S. America S. America P. B.S: Guinea
S. America Senegal
E. Indies N. & S. America E. Indies E. Indies E. Indies Cayenne Bahia Guadaloupe
Modern Arrangement of
Authors.
Lethrus, Fabricius. Lamprima, Latreille. Dynastes, MacLeay. Dynastes, Mac Leay. Xylotrupes, Hope. Xylotrupes, Hope. Xylotrupes, Hope. Xylotrupes, Hope. Xylotrupes, Hope. Golopha, Hope. Megaceras, Kirby. Xylotrupes, Hope. Golopha, Hope. Golopha, Hope. Enema, Kirby, Type Enema, Kirby. Xylotrupes, Hope. Xylotrupes ? Xylotrupes ? Cheiroplatys, Kirby. Xylotrupes, Hope. Megasoma, Kirby. Megasoma, Kirby. Megasoma, Kirby. Oryctes, Illiger. Xylotrupes, Hope. Xylotrupes, Hope? Oryctes, Illiger. Orphnus, MacLeay. Dynastes, MacLeay. Chalcosoma, Hope. Chalcosoma, Hope. Xylotrupes, Hope. Strategus, Kirby. Megasoma, Kirby. Xylotrupes, Hope?
Fabrician Genera.
2. GEOTRUPES.
Fabrician Species.
. Semiramis . Antzeus
. Syphax
. Maimon
Titanus
. 4Enobarbus - Nasicornis . Sylvanus
. 4-spinosus . Milon
. Ajax
. Rhinoceros - Barbarossa
Stentor
. Satyrus
. Jamaciensis . Silenus
. Syrichtus
» Hylax
Aries
. Monodon . Coronatus . Dionysius . Melibceus . Didymus . Valgus
- Depressus . Hireus
-. Punctatus . Farctus
. Retusus
. Piceus
. Excavatus - Dentatus . Talpa
. Cuniculus . Juvencus . Veter
. Laborator . Morator . Arator
- Globator
30
The Countries
they inhabit.
S. America S. America American Isles America
S. America Cuba Europe Brazils Brazils Brazils Java
Asia
New Holland Mauritius N. America Jamaica Europe
P. B.S. P.B.S.
P. B.S. Europe Java
E. Indies N,. America Cayenne
S. America S. America E. Indies Europe Pennsylvania P. B.S.
E. Indies Naples Sumatra
West India Isles
American Isles N. America E. Indies Brazils
E. Indies PB: Ss
PB aS:
Modern Arrangement of Authors.
Strategus, Kirby. Strategus, Kirby. Strategus, Kirby. Strategus, Kirby. Strategus, Kirby. Strategus, Kirby. Oryctes, Llliger. Ceelosis, Kirby. Eneme, Kirby. Magaceras, Kirby ? Oryctes, Illiger ? Oryctes, Illiger. Oryctes, Illiger. Oryctes, Llliger. Xyloryctes, Hope. Xyloryctes, Hope. Oryctes, Illiger. Syrichtus, Kirby, (Type.) Monochelus, Llliger ? Syrichtus, Kirby. Xylotrupes, Hope. Temnorhynchus, Hope. Oryctes, Zlliger? Bolboceras, Kirby. Phileurus, Latreiile.
Oryctes, Illiger. Pentodon, Kirby. Bolboceras, Kirby. Temnorhynchus, Hope. Syrichtus, Kirby. Pachypus, Latreille. Xylotrupes, Hope. Xylotrupes, Hope? Bothynus, Kirby. Xylotrupes, Hope. Xylotrupes, Hope? Chalepus, MacLeay. Syrichtus, Kirby. Hybosorus, MacLeay. Melolontha, Fabricius.
Fabrician Genera.
3. SCARABZUS,.
4, ONITIS. |
5. CoPpRis.
_Fabrician Species.
. Dispar . Coryphzeus
Typhzeus
. Momus
. Lazarus
. Quadridens - Mobilicornis . Cyclops
. Longimanus . Stercorarius . Sylvaticus
. Vernalis
. Leevigatus
. Cordatus
. Splendidus . Blackburnii - Testaceus
- Inuus
. Aygulus
. Lophus
. Clinias
. Vandelli
. Apelles
. Bison
Jasius
. Sphinx
Belial Unguiculatus
. Nicanor
. Menalcas
. Philemon
. CEdipus
. Rhadamistus - Nemestrinus . Jacchus
‘ Hastator
Sabzeus Nanus Splendidulus Conspicillatus
. Festivus. . Harpax
31
The Countries they inhabit.
| Russia
P, B.S. Europe Sicily
N. America E. Indies England America ? E. Indies England Germany England Tangier Guadaloupe N. America Pennsylvania England
S. Leone P. B.S. Barbary Hungary Portugal P. B.S. Spain
Ss. America E. Indies P.B. S. Senegal America
S. Russia East Indies PBw Ss. Calcutta
P. B, 8.
P. B.S.
N. America Coromandel Tranquebar S. America Brazils Cayenne Guinea,
Modern Arrangement of Authors.
Typheeus, Leach. Bolboceras, Kirby. Typhzeus, Leach. Typheeus, Leach. Bolboceras, Kirby.
Eucheirus, Kirby. Geotrupes, Latreille.
—— ed
Geotrupes ?? Geotrupes, Latreille.
Bolboceras, Kirby. Onitis, Fabricius.
Bubas, Megerle. Phaneeus, MacLeay. Onitis, Fabricius. Anachalcos, Hope. Onitis, Fabricius. Copris, Fabricius. Onitis, Fabricius.
Copris, Fabricius. Oniticellus, Ztegler. Copris, Fabricius.
Onthophagus ?
Copris, Fabricius. Phaneeus, MacLeay. Sternaspis, Hope. Sternaspis, Hope. Onthophagus, Latreille.
Fabrician Genera.
5. CopRIs.
Fabrician Species.
. Pactolus . Aurata
. Pithecius . Seniculus . Javana
. Metallica
Guineensis Canadensis
- Latebrosus . Pygmeea - Pardalis
Catta
» Rosalius
. Ammon
. Eryx
. Midas
‘ Hamadryas - Lunaris
. Emarginatus
Celata
. Belzebub . Bifasciata
Dromedarius
. Sinon . Faunus
Pirmal
. Tarandus . Capucinus . Carmelita
Lucida
Lemur
- Camelus
. Vertagus
- Melitzus . Unifasciatus . Zson
. Antenor
. Bonasus
. Sagittarius . Nimrod
- Venator
- Vuleanus
32
The Countries they inhabit.
Bengal Guinea Asia and Africa Madras Java
E. Indies Guinea Canada
N. America Tranquebar E. Indies Coromandel America N. America Guinea Calcutta
P. B. S. England France
P. B.S.
N. America Coromandel East Indies Goree Cayenne E. Indies E. Indies EK. Indies Guinea Europe Germany Austria China Tangier Tranquebar E. Indies Senegal
E. Indies China Guinea Java Tranquebar
Modern Arrangement of
Authors.
Onthophagus, Latreiille.
Copris, Fabricius. Onthophagus, Latreille. Onthophagus, Latreille.
Onthophagus ? Copris, Fabricius. Copris ? Heliocopris, Hope.
Copris, Fabricius.
———-
Phanzeus, Mac Leay. Onthophagus, Latreille. Onthophagus ?
Copris, Fabricius.
‘Phanzeus, MacLeay.
Copris, Fabricius? Onthophagus, Latreille. Copris, Fabricius.
>
Onthophagus, Latreille.
—_
Onthophagus ? Onthophagus ? Athyreus, MacLeay. Heliocopris, Hope. Onthophagus, Latreille.
——
Onthophagus? Onthophagus ? Onthophagus, Latreille.
Fabrician Genera.
5. CoprRis.
73.
Fabrician Species.
. Bucephalus . Gigas
- Molossus . Ursus
. Lancifer . Paniscus . Carolina . Nisus
- Meleager . Orientalis . Doreas
. Tullius
. Plutus
. Fricator
. Mimas
. Taurus
. Vacca
» Medea
. Capra
Cervus
- Ibex
. Alces
. Gazella
. Femorata . Oryx
- Nuchidens . Tragus
. Antilope
- Dama
. Vitulus
Carnifex
. Tridens
. Hispanus
- Mopsus
. Spinifex
- Coenobita
. Nuchicornis . Fracticornis . Xiphias
- Nutans
. Ciconia
. Ainea
33
The Countries they inhabit.
China Africa China Bengal
S. America Barbary N. America Cayenne? Cayenne E. Indies Mauritania E. Indies E. Indies E. Indies S. America
‘England
England Austria Saxony
E. Indies E. Indies Hungary E. Indies? Sumatra China Tranquebar China
East Indies E. Indies E. Indies N. America Africa? Spain
E. Indies Coromandel Europe England
Germany
England England Guinea
Tranquebar D
Modern Arrangement of Authors.
Heliocopris, Hope. Heliocopris, Hope. Copris, Fabricius.
Phanzeus, MacLeay. Copris, Fabricius.
Copris, Fabricius. Copris, Fabricius. Copris, Fabricius. Onthophagus ?
Copris, Fabricius. Copris, Fabricius. Copris, Fabricius. Phaneus, Mac Leay. Onthophagus, Latrezille.
Oniticellus, Zetgler. Onthophagus, Latreille.
Onthophagus?
—
Phaneus, MacLeay. Phaneeus, MacLeay. Copris, Fabricius.
Onthophagus, Latreille,
Onthophagus ? Onthophagus, Latreille.
34
nn
Fabrician Fabrician The Countries Modern Arrangement of Genera. Species. they inhabit. Authors.
5. Copris. 96. Hyzena PsB: 8: Onthophagus, Latreille. 97. Thoracicus Senegal Bs 98. Centricornis E. Indies ais.
99. Unicornis E. Indies .
100. Scabrosa Surinam Onitis, Fabricius. 101. Furcula E. Indies Onthophagus ?
102. Furcatus France Onthophagus, Latreille. 103. Verticicornis England Onticellus, Ziegler. 104. Sulcator Cayenne Copris, Fabricius.
105. 4-pustulatus N. Holland Onthophagus, Latreille. 106. Reflexus China Copris, Fabricius.
107. Hybneri Germany Onthophagus, Latreille. 108. Quadricornis Tranquebar Onthophagus ?
109. 4-dentatus E. Indies Bolboceras, Kirby.
110. Cristatus Egypt Scarabeeus, MacLeay.
6. ATEUCHUS. 1. Sacer Europe Scarabzeus, MacLeay. 2. Luticollis Gallia —.
3. Semipunctatus | Barbary —— 4. Variolosus S. Europe -—— 5. Miliaris E. Indies Gymnopleurus, Iiliger. 6. Sanctus Bengal Scarabeeus, MacLeay. 7. Morbillosus Guinea = 8. Intricatus P2B:s. 9. Profanus Guinea Gymnopleurus, Ziliger. 10. Cyaneus Bombay 11. Minutus E. Indies Sisyphus, Latreiile. 12. Bacchus P. B.S. Cercellinm, Zatreille. 13. Gibbosus N. America Hyboma, Serville. | 14. Azureus Guinea Gymnopleurus, Iiliger. 15. Hollandize N. Holland Anisodon, Hope. 16. Leei E. Indies Gymnopleurus, Iiliger. 17. Smaragdulus S. America Coprobius, Latreiile. 18. Muricatus Africa ? Sisyphus, Zatreiile. 19. Keenigii Madras Gymnopleurus, Iiliger. 20. Granulatus Tranquebar 21. Cupreus Africa Anachalcos, Hope. 22. Flagellatus Barbary Gymnopleurus, Illiger. 23. Scabratus P. B.S. Epirinus, D. J. 24. Scheefferi Germany Sisyphus, Latreille. 25. Helwigii Tranquebar Gymnopleurus? 26. Volvens N. America Coprobius, Latreille. 27. Pillularius S. Europe Gymnopleurus, Iiliger.
Fabrician
Genera.
6. ATEUCHUs.
7. *APHODIUS.
28.
37.
Fabrician Species.
Sinuatus
. Obliquus . Squalidus . Planus
. Schreberi
Bidens
. Glabratus . Leevigatus . Capistratus
2-pustulatus
. Pallipes
. Flavipes
. Pallens
. Cinctus
. 3-angularis
A ffinis Melanocephalus
. Maculatus
. Politus
. 6-punctatus
. Violaceus
. 2-tuberculatus . Discoideus
. Aterrimus
. Ovatus
. Chrysis
. Pusillus
. Variegatus
. Parvulus
. Fuscopunctatus . Femoratus
. Marginellus
. Sabuleti
. Porcatus
. Stercorator . Asper
. Ceesus
35
The Countries they inhabit.
China Senegal Brazils J Java Germany
S. America Barbary
E. Indies Carolina
N. Holland Coromandel Germany Morocco China Surinam
S. America American Isles Guinea Tranquebar Cayenne
St. Domingo S. America Africa
E. Indies Europe
S. America E. Indies E. Indies E. Indies E. Indies S. America Coromandel
Switzerland
Saxony
S. America Paris Germany
Modern Arrangement of Authors.
| Gymnopleurus, Tiliger.
Onthophagus, Lat. Coprobius, Hope? Onthophagus ? Onthophagus, Lat. Coprobius ? Scarabzeus, MacLeay. Onthophagus, Lat. Cheridium, Serville. Onthophagus, Hope? Oniticellus, Ziegler.
ed
Coprobius, Lat.
Cheeridium, Serville. Gymnopleurus. Onthophagus ? Coprobius, Lat.
—_—————
| Onthophagus, Lat.
Onthophagus. Onthophagus. Onthophagus, Lat. Onthophagus ? Onthophagus.
Oxyomus, Eschscholtz.
¢ Oxyomus, Eschscholtz. Psammodius, G'yllenhall.
Psammodius, G'yllenhall.
Oxyomus, £schscholtz.
Psammodius, G'yllenhall.
— |
* The Fabrician species of Aphodius are for the most part still retained under that generic name, although the genus must at some future time be divided into various subgenera; I have, therefore, only stated those which have already been separated from it.
p.2
36
Fabrician Genera.
8. HEXODON.
9. TRICHIUS.
10. CETONIA.
= a]
21.
eee POND eH COON A AR © YW
15.
es ee ee OoOOonN D
Fabrician Species.
. Reticulatum
Unicolor
. Eremita
Nobilis 8-punctatus
. Fasciatus . Succinctus
Indus
. 2-punctatus . Bidens
Hemipterus Canaliculatus
. Lunulatus
Viridulus
. Piger
. Delta
. Lineatus . Retusus
Nigripes
. Maculatus . Hirtus
Pilosus Minutus
. Goliata . Cacicus
Bifrons
. Polyphemus
Ynea
. Micans . Chinensis
Nigrita
.- Aurata . Fastuosa
Marmorata
. Viridis
Reeurva Metallica Pubescens
. Opaca - Morio . Cuspidata
Cordata
The Countries they inhabit.
Madagascar Madagascar Europe England England Europe England
N. America P. B.S.
N. America France
N. America Carolina
N. America Maryland N. America PB. Ss.
S. America P. B.S.
Pe Bs: PBS. P.B.S.
S. America Africa Guinea
S. America Africa Peru Africa China Ceylon England Austria Europe Italy Guinea Italy
PB. i. Africa Europe PBs is.
iP. 3Bs:
Modern Arrangement of Authors.
Hexodon, Fab.
Osmoderma, Serville. Gnorimus, Serville. Gnorimus, Serville. Trichius, Fab. Trichius, Fab. Cetonia, Gory. Popillia, Leach. Trichius, Fab. Valgus, Scriba. Valgus, Scriba. Trichius, Fab.
-
Lepitrix, Serville. Cnemida, Kirby Lepitrix, Serville. Monochelus, Zlliyer. Trichius ?
Monochelus ?
Trichius ?
Goliathus, Lamarck. Goliathus, Lamarck. Ynea, Serville. Mecynorhina, Hope. Ynea, Serville, Type. Mecynorhina, Hope. Agestrata, Eschscholtz. Agestrata, E’schscholtz.. Cetonia, Fab.
Cetonia ? Cetonia, Fab.
ee
eae
Ichnestoma, Gory. Cetonia, Fab.
en ee Modern Arrangement of
Fabrician Genera.
10. CETONIA.
Fabrician Species.
. 4-punctata . Rufipes
- Holosericea . Strigosa
. Nitida
- Lobata
. Carmelita
. Sulcata
. Chrysis
. Virens
. Splendida
- Lucida
. Francisca
. Capucina
. Lanius
. Bajula
. Flaveola
. Graculus
. Liturata
. Carnifex
. Glabrata
. Rauca
. Cornuta
. Tristis
. Smaragdula - Fascicularis . Aulica
. Purpurascens . Capensis
. Signata
. Marginata . Ornata
: Marginella . Lineola
Scutellata
. Striata . Flavomaculata . Sinuata
. Fasciata
. Olivacea
. Interrupta
Picta
37
The Countries _ they inhabit.
Italy
E. Indies Surinam S. America N. America S. America Africa Madagascar S. America S. America S. America Guadaloupe E. Indies ? E. Indies ? S. America S. America S. America America
S. America S. America E. Indies ? P. BS:
P. B.S.
S. America America Africa
P. B.S.
Senegal
P..B: §. P. B.S. Guinea Guinea
S. Leone S. America Guinea Guadaloupe P. B.S.
P. B.S. Alexandria S. Leone Senegal
E. Indies
Authors.
Cetonia, Fabricius. Popillia, Leach. Gymnetis, MacLeay.
ee
Cetonia, Fab.
Macraspis, MacLeay.
Macraspis, MacLeay. Rutela ?
Macraspis ? Gymnetis, MacLeay.
Diplognatha, Gory. Rutela, Hope? Cetonia ?
Novum Genus. Gymnetis, JlacLeay. Macraspis, MacLeay. Cetonia, Fab.
Rutela, Latreiile. Macroma, Gory. Rutela? Gnathocera, Kirby. Cetonia, Fab. Cetonia ?
Cetonia, Fab.
Macronata ? Hoffmansegg.
Fabrician Genera.
10. CETONIA.
62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79.
| 80.
81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
100. 101. 102. 103.
Fabrician Specics.
3-lineata Elata Semipunctata o-lineata Atromaculata Limbata Trigona Elegans 4-maculata 6-maculata Cuprea Africana Leta Suturalis Vittata Fulgida Iris Gagates Tetradactyla Clavata Fucata Lurida Mixta Lunulata Aurichalcea Nitidula Philippensis Stolata Atomaria Festiva Abbreviata Maculata Difformis Acuminata Marmorata Heemorrhoidalis Adspersa Areata Hirta Funesta Stictica Albopunctata
38
The Countries they inhabit.
P.B: 8. Guinea
P. B.S.
E. Indies Poona Egypt
S. America Madras Africa Sumatra Surinam S. Leone E. Indies Senegal Africa Pennsylvania Surinam S. Leone
S. America S. America S. America Brazils Sumatra S. America? Surat Africa China Senegal China Tranquebar Senegal Coromandel Madras PBS, Sumatra PMB S.
P. B.S. Virginia Spain Italy France
E. Indies
Modern Arrangement of
Authors.
Macronata? Hoffmansegg.
Amphistoros, Gory. Cetonia, Fab.
Macronata, Hoffmansegg.
Cetonia, Fab. Agenius, Serville.
Chasmodia, MacLeay. Gnathocera, Kirby. Mecynorhina, Hope? Gnathocera, Kirby.
Cetonia, Fab. ?
Gnathocera, Kirby.
——=
Trichius, Fab. Cetonia, Fab. Cetonia?
Diplognatha, Gory. / Macraspis, MacLeay.
Cetonia, Fab.
Rutela? Hope? Cetonia, Fab.
Cetonia ? Cetonia, Fab.
eee
Fabrician Genera.
10. CETONIA.
11. MELOLONTHA.
Fabrician Species.
. Cinerascens . Irrorata
. Furvata
- Sepulchralis - Punctulata - Floralis
. 14-maculata - Versicolor
. Variegata
- Torquata
. Zquinoctialis . Sanguinolenta . Discoidea
- Lugubris
- Histrio
- Modesta
- Gloriosa
- Maura
. Hottentottus . Regia
- Cruenta
. Stigma
Alba Fullo
- Rorida
Serrata
. Vulgaris - Hippocastani . Villosa
Pilosa
- Occidentalis - Fervida
. Transversa - Reflexa
. Alopex
- Tomentosa
. Solstitialis
. Bidens
. Candida
. Atra
. Aquinoctialis . Pini
39
The Countries they inhabit.
P. B. S. P. B.S. P..Be Sz Carolina Senegal Africa
E. Indies Egypt Tranquebar Africa ? Senegal Senegal Caffraria PP. B.S. Egypt Tranquebar St. Domingo Guinea P. B.S. Sumatra P. B.S. Java Sumatra England Sumatra E. Indies England Italy Austria Hungary Austria N. America Austria P. B..8.? P. B.S. E. Indies England Carolina E. Indies S. Europe Hungary Barbary
Modern Arrangement of Authors.
Cetonia, Fab. Cetonia, Fab.
Cetonia ? Gymnetis, MacLeay. Cetonia, Fab.
Rutela, Latreille. Cremastocheilus, Gory. Genuchus, MacLeay. Macronata, Hoffmansegg. Genuchus, MacLeay. Lepidiota, Kirby.
Melolontha, Type. Lepidiota, Kirby. Holotrichia, Kirby. Melolontha, Fab.
Holotrichia, Kirby? Aplidia, Kirby. Holotrichia, Kirby ? Cephalotrichia, Kirby. Lepidiota, Kirby. Rhisotrogus, Lat. Holotrichia, Kirby. Lepidiota, Kirby. Rhisotrogus, Lat. . Microdonta, Kirby. Microdonta, Kirby.
40
Fabrician Genera.
Fabrician Species.
11. MELOLONTHA.| 22. } 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 30. 34. 30. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45, 46. 47, 48, 49. oO. ol.
2-maculata Atriplicis Oblonga Ruficornis Lanigera Longicornis Punctata Viridis 7Enea Suturalis Bicolor Geminata Barbata Morio Castanea Rufipennis Elata Dorsalis Glacialis Lurida Striata Tristis Testacea Hirticollis Paliida Ruficollis Quadridens Variolosa Lanata Signata Marginata
. Cyanocephala - Brunnea
. Melanocephala . Ferruginea
. Pallens
. Erythrocephala . Tridentata
. Mixta
. Obscura
- Rufa
. Festiva
The Countries they inhabit.
China Barbary Bavaria Germany N. America PBs:
N. America China
N. Holland N. Zealand Madras
S. America W. Indies E. Indies S. America S. America Tranquebar Tranquebar Terra del Fuego Unknown Terra del Fuego N. America Terra del Fuego Africa
P. B.S. Coromandel E. Indies P. B.S. Mauritius Jamaica
5S. America Europe ? England Brazils Cayenne Cayenne Coromandel Guadaloupe Guinea? AAquin. Africa P. B.S.
N. Zealand
Modern Arrangement of
Authors.
Cyclocephala ? Hoplopus, Luporte. Anomala, Megerle. Rhisotrogus, Lat. Areoda, Leach. Macrophyllus, Hope. Pelidnota, MacLeay. Euchlora, Mac Leay. Repsimus, Leach. Stethaspis, Hope. Euchlora, MacLeay. Chalepus, MacLeay.
Chalepus ? Cyclocephala, Lat. Cyclocephala ? Anomala, Megerle.
Macrosoma, Hope. Unknown. Macrosoma, Hope. Unknown. Macrosoma, Hope. Unknown. Anomala, Megerle. Schizonycha, D. J. Melolontha ? Schizonycha, D. J. Adoretus, Eschsch. Cyclocephala, Lat. Cyclocephala ? Anomala ?
Serica, MacLeay. Cyclocephala, Lat.
Apogonia, Kirby. Cyclocephala? Anomala, Megerle. Adoretus, Eschscholtz. Novum Genus. Calonota, Hope.
Fabrician Genera.
11. MELOLoNTHA.| 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. Wie a. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. §2. 83. 84.
‘| 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105.
Fabrician Species.
Leta Holosericea Julii Nigrita Frischii Vitis Aurata Cardui Serratule Fastuosa Errans Varians Umbrosa Rupicola Innuba Elongata
_Rauca
Ferruginea Meerens Splendida Aulicola Lucicola Atrata Arboricola Horticola Nitidula Abdominalis Floricola Arvicola Praticola Fruticola Agricola Lineata Ruricola Atomaria Farinosa Squamosa Bilineata Regia Glabrata Ridens Argentea
41
The Countries they inhabit.
N. Zealand S. Russia France America Germany France Carniola Africa Barbary East Indies N. America S. America Guinea
P. B.S. Rio Janeiro N. America Coromandel Bombay
N. America P. B.S. Equin. Africa N. America N. America America England
N. America Italy Austria
S. Russia Siberia Italy Germany Africa Saxony
P. B.S. France Switzerland Tangiers Algiers
S. America N. America? England
Modern Arrangement of
Authors.
Calonota, Hope. Rhombonyx, Kirby. Anomala, Megerle. Anomala ? Anomala, Megerle.
er
Glaphyrus, Zat. Glaphyrus ? Mimela, Kirby. Anomala, Megerle.
Serica, MacLeay. Lepisia, Serville. Anomala, Meger'le. Philochlenia, D. J. Apogonia, Kirby.
Unknown.
Serica, MacLeay ? Novum Genus. Anomala, Megerle.
Anisoplia ? Anisoplia, Megerle. Anisoplia ? Anthipna, Eschsch. Anisoplia, Megerle.
—-
Hoplia, Zlliger. Anisoplia, Megerle.
Lepitrix, Serville. Serica, MacLeay. Gymnoloma, D. J. Hoplia, Zlliger.
Hoplia, Zlleger.
Hoplia? Hoplia ? Hoplia, Zlliger.
4:2
Fabrician Genera.
11. MELOLONTHA.| 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124, 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142.
143.
144. 145. 146. 147,
Fabrician Species.
Graminicola Pygmea Chrysomelina Capicola Cincta Proboscidea Spinipes Dentipes Podagrica Arthritica Gonagra Crassipes Calcarata Cancroides Marginella Pulverulenta Morio Sylvicola Subspinosa Longipes Abbreviata. Minuta Mutabilis Variabilis Versicolor Splendidula Micans Picea Discoidea Araneoides 4-lineata Gibba Monticola Humeralis Ursus Bombyliformis Lynx Crinita Cyanipennis Hirta Vulpes Meles
The Countries they inhabit.
Germany Carolina Austria
P. B.S. Guadaloupe . Indies
DOH RRARNRNM RN PN
dD ob a
w on
Germany Barbary
N. Holland W. Indian Isles P. B.S.
P. B.S.
P. B.S. Tranquebar Germany Sierra Leone Sumatra Amboyna P. B.S.
- Guinea
P. B.S. Sierra Leone P. B.S.
N. Holland England
P. B.S. Siberia
P. B.S.
P. B.S. Tangiers Siberia Siberia Barbary
Modern Arrangement of Authors.
Hoplia, Llliger. Anisoplia, Megerle. Ochodeeus, Megerle. Lepitrix, Serville. Anisoplia, Megerle. Anisoplia ? Dichelus, Serville.
oe
Monochelus, Jiliger. Monochelus ? Monochelus, Llliger. Dichelus ? Pachycnema, Serville. Pachycnema ?
Hoplia, Iliger. Anisoplia ?
Liparetra, Kirby. Macrodactylus, Latreille. Dichelus, Serville. Lepitrix, Serville. Dichelus, Serville. Serica, MacLeay.
Serica ?
Trochalus, Laporte. Trochalus ? Lepitrix ? Trochalus, Laporte.
Liparetra, Kirby. Serica, MacLeay. Anisonyx, Latreiile. Amphicoma, Latreiile. Anisonyx, Latreille.
——=—
Amphicoma, Latreiile.
43
Fabrician Fabrician The Countries Modern Arrangement of Genera. Species. they inhabit. Authors. 11. MELoLonTHA.| 148. Bombylius Africa Amphicoma, Latreille. 149. Vittata Persia Glaphyrus, Latreiile.
12. LUCANUS. 1. Alces East Indies Lucanus, Linné. 2. Giraffa East Indies a Sars 3. Cervus England SSS 4, Elaphus Virginia a §. Capreolus Germany —_———_ 6. Dama Virginia a ce ce. 7. Femoratus Cayenne ia we 8. Bison S. America ——— "ee 9. Gazella Siam 10. Lama East Indies oe 11. Suturalis Japan? se 12. Saiga S. America a 13. Taurus Sumatra Soe 14. Acuminatus Java fEgus, MacLeay. 15. Barbarossa Tangiers Dorcus, MacLeay? 16. Parallelipipedus | England Dorcus, MacLeay. 17. Inermis Sumatra fEgus, MacLeay. 18. Cancroides N. Holland _ 19. Lunatus Sumatra — 20. Piceus America Ceruchus, MacLeay. 21. Tenebrioides N. Europe Ceruchus, (Type.) 22. Striatus E. Indies Figulus, MacLeay. 23. Caraboides England Platycerus, Lat. 24. Rufipes Switzerland —_ 25. Punctatus Sumatra Figulus, MacLeay. 13. AESALUS. 1. Scarabzeoides Austria ZEsalus, Fab. 14. Passatus.* | 1. Interruptus S. America | Passalus, Fabricius.
* In the Systema Eleutheratorum of Fabricius, seven species of Passalus are mentioned ; as none of them have been separated from that genus by later writers, there is no necessity of adding them to the present Tables.
A
h
* ‘ ¥i it le . a on
? ‘
. 4 on ‘a3 %
a} 5 i oe aS { eu ‘ h . t . 8 - CMS tes pag t
ae
- REMARKS AND OBSERVATIONS
ON THE
LAMELLICORNS OF FABRICIUS.
1. LETHRUSs.
Species 2. meus, now the type of Latreille’s
genus Lamprima. The student who wishes for information respecting the several species form- ing this Genus must consult the Hore Ento- mologice of Mr. MacLeay, and for the true Lethrus, the Entomographie de la Russie, par Gotthelf Fischer, tome 1. p.133. I have lately received two new species of Lamprima which ap- parently are not described, one from Melville Island, and the other from the new settlement at the Swan River in New Holland.
2, GEOTRUPES.
Sp. 5, 6, '7.—It is probable that these three spe-
cies of Xylotrupes may be formed at a future time
into a sub-genus; they are of rare occurrence, and
46
{ am not inclined to dissect the only specimens I possess.
Sp. 8. Augeon.—The details of the new genus | Golofa, will be found in a paper in the second volume of the Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, where all the species are enu- merated which have fallen under my inspection.
Se. 17. Dedalus.—It has been asserted that the female of Daedalus is the Melolontha diadema Olivier. I confess I can scarcely believe it. There seems a doubt respecting the country where it was taken, according to Sehestedt it is from the Kast Indies, and in various collections of the Conti- nent it is labelled from South America; probably two distinct species are included under the above name.
Sp. 20. Acteon.—The characters of the Genus Megasoma, Kirby, are amply detailed in the four- teenth volume of the Linnean ‘Transactions, to which the reader is referred. Sc. Hector, Gory, undoubtedly belongs to it.
Sp. 27. Bicolor.—This insect is the type of Mr. W. Sharpe MacLeay’s genus Orphnus; it occurs in the East Indies, where there are several species, and, according to De Jean, also inhabits Africa.
Oryctes and Orphnus are evidently closely allied.
47 Sp. 33. Typhon.—The locality of this species is
not recorded by Fabricius. I have received it from Bahia. It occurs also in other parts of South Ame- rica. Most of these gigantic Beetles are figured in the old writers on Entomology. This species is subject to vary considerably. Laniger of Olivier, Goliathus of Voet, and Esau of Jablonsky, are only varieties of the same species.
Sp. 44. Milon.—This insect ought to form the type of a distinct genus, at present I range it with Megaceras of Kirby, which it evidently approaches; a second specimen from the island of Java will be found in the Kirbyan collection so generously pre- sented by that individual to the Entomological Society of London.
Sp. 47. Barbarossa.—This insect diverges from the type of Oryctes ; apparently there are two other insects confounded in various collections with it, one from the new settlement at Swan River, and the other from Melville Island.
Sp. 65. Retusus.—The Baron De Jean has given the generic name of Coptorhinus to this species, a name which was published by me some years since in the Zoological Transactions, it must therefore be changed; as it is significant of the genus, I substi-
tute for it the term Temnorhynchus.
4:8
Sp. 75. Arator.—The type of the genus Hybo- sorus, MacLeay. ‘The generic characters were first published by the celebrated author of the Hore | Entomologice ; the opinion therein expressed of the wide range of this insect appears to be substan- tiated; from late discoveries it seems to inhabit the New as well as the Old World.
Se. 76. Globator Fab.— This insect, with several others closely allied to it, appears to form a distinct genus. ‘The Baron de Jean has thrown together several species under the term Schizonycha. Now, as that generic name is applicable to many of the Melolonthide I merely range globator under Melo- lontha, till such time as the generic characters are detailed. Generic names without published cha- racters, and specifying a type, ought not at the present day to be admitted by any person calling
himself an Entomologist.
3. SCARABEUS.
Sp. 2. Corypheus.x—Now of the genus Bolbo- ceras Kirby. ‘The singular forms of these Insects are well worthy of attention. It is to be hoped that some individual will undertake a Monograph of
them. I am acquainted with more than 30 species,
49
the major part are from New Holland and the East Indies.
Sp. 10. Stercorarius.—Laitreille has asserted that the genus Geotrupes, to which this species belongs, is not found in the East Indies. I have received a singular and beautiful species from Madras; a second is found on the Himalaya, and the most magnificent of all the species inhabits Japan. If I am not mistaken there are two, if not three species in the Leyden cabinet from the latter locality.
Sp. 14. Cordatus.—I have ranged this insect for the present as a Geotrupes—it has never fallen under my inspection. It is not unlikely that as Guadaloupe is the extreme range to which Geo- trupes extends, Cordatus will be found to diverge
from the type of the Genus.
4, QONITISs.
Sp. 6. Apelles.—This Insect appears to recede from the true type of Onitis. The female of this spe- cies has the anterior tibiz provided with tarsi; the tibiz of the male are armed internally with a spine, and between the spine and the apex there are denti- culations.
Sp. 8. Jasius.—According to Mr. MacLeay the insects denominated Jasius, by Olivier and Fabri-
E
50
cius, are distinct; the former retains the original name, while that of Dardanus has been given to the Fabrician species. ‘The species of Phaneus are liable to vary considerably.
Sp. 10. Belal.—This insect appears to be the same as Ateuchus Cupreus of Fabricius and Olivier. I have in my MSS. given the name of Anachalcos, from av@, ava supra, and yaAkos eneus, for a generic name to this insect. ‘The following characters may probably be considered sufficiently comprehensive to denote an insect which is tolerably well known. ‘‘ Corpus supra valde convexum, clypeo emarginato thoraco gibboso subangulato. Femoribus anterior1- bus valde dilatatis compressis, pedibus mediis longi- oribus, posticis longissimis, tibiis subarcuatis seu incurvis.” A second species allied to the above is in my collection, received from Sierra Leone; a third also has fallen under my inspection. Fabri- clus gives Cayenne as its native country, which is an error, from confounding a species of Hyboma of South America with this insect, which is typical only
of an African locality.
51
5. Copris.
Sp.1& 4. GQidipus & Lacchus.—These two species of Copris appear to belong to a sub-genus. Copris Syphax of Kirby may also be united with them.
Se. 2. Rhadamisthus.—This insect cannot be con- sidered as a true Oniticellus with which the Baron De Jean has ranged it, as both sexes appear to pos- sess anterior tarsi. Several, indeed, of the subscu- tellated Onitide (with the exception of Onitis Apelles) have the males only provided with them. I propose the term Scaptodera, from cxamrw fodeo et depn collum, as ageneric term, to include this insect and its allied species. ‘The following are the details :—‘ Genus forsitan inter Onitim et Oniti- cellum ponendum. Exscutellatum. Clypeus rotun- datus, capite mnermi, Thorax late foveolatus antice cornutus. Tibie anteriores in utroque sexu tarsis in- structe. Inreliquis Oniticello convenit.” A second species of Scaptodera I have received from Captain Smee, from near Salsette, and by my journal I find a third is in the Leyden collection ; all are from the East Indies.
Sp. 9. Conspicillatus—Mr. Macleay, in his Hore Entomologice gives five types of form be- longing to Phanzeus; the fourth affords a sufficient.
E2
52
character for forming it into a new genus, which I propose to call Sternaspis from the sternum being produced into a strong spine. To this sub-genus — belong Ph. Festivus, hilaris, lautus, and several others ; the details are given by the above author.
Sp. 26. Aryx.—From the Fabrician description (as it is compared with Cop. Hamadryas in stature and magnitude) I was inclined to think this insect an Heliocopris, but from the clypeus being divided in the middle, and from the locality of Guinea being ‘mentioned, I am in doubt where to place it, and leave it for the present as a Copris.
Sp. 31. Celata.—From a reference to Voet’s figure, plate 23, fig. 6. this insect is a true Copris.
Sp. 37. Pirmal.—-This species was described from the cabinets of Daldorff and Sehestedt ; in the Copenhagen collection we may still find it deposited, and ascertain if it be really a Copris.
Sp. 45. Meliteus.—Mentioned as in the collec- tions of D. Schousboe and Sehestedt. I cannot give any information respecting this species. |
Sp. 47. ZEson.— According to Mr. MacLeay this insect probably belongs to his genus Athyreus ; it has never fallen under my inspection, nor can I state in what collection on the Continent it is depo-
sited, unless it is im the Copenhagen collection.
58
Sp. 60. Carohna.—This species of Copris ap- proaches Phanzus, and appears to form an inter- mediate sub-genus connecting them; it is remark- able for its robust and gibbous form; another peculiarity seems to be the deeply excavated cha- racter of the strie of the elytra. ‘To it are nearly allied Cop. Monacha, Fab. Cop. Eridanus, Olivier, and also several undescribed species. |
Sp. 66. Plutus.—The specimens of this insect in my collection were named by Fabricius, and were purchased by me at Lee’s sale: the labels state them to have been received from the East Indies. The Baron De Jean gives (in his Catalogue) the Cape of Good Hope as its true locality. I am yet inclined, however, to adopt the statement of Fabri- cius, that it was received from the East.
Sp. 85. Tridens.—This insect 1s evidently allied to Phaneus. Olivier gives the East Indies and Cape of Good Hope as its true locality, in the former case he is probably wrong, and if right in the latter, Tridens should be the type of another genus. Ph. Tridens De Jean from Mexico is cer- tainly another insect. |
Sp. 100. Scabrosa.—lIt is with some doubt that I place this insect as an Onitis, but if it belong to
that genus, there is evidently some mistake respect-
a4 ing the country: it has never fallen under my notice. ‘The reader is referred to [lliger’s Magazine for his remarks on this species. |
Sp. 104. Sulcator.—Schonherr in the Synonymia Insectorum, gives the name of Sulcata instead of the former. Is this Sulcata the other sex of Copris Nisus Fab. ? if so, both the above names must be abandoned.
Sp. 106. Reflecus.—This Copris appears to be originally from China, although some Entomolo- gists believe it to be a Brazilian insect. It will probably form the type of a sub-genus. ‘There are several species allied to it in the London cabinets, from North as well as South America. It resem- bles an Aphodius in form, but evidently belongs to the Copride. C. Nitidula Klug, and various other South American species may be classed together.
Sp. 110. Cristatus.— From the description of Fabricius I am inclined to regard this insect as a species of Scarabeus MacLeay ; it has never fallen under my notice, and probably was unknown to the author of the Hore Entomologice, as no mention
is made of it.
55
6. ATEUCHUS.
Sp. 6. Sanctus.—This insect is liable to vary considerably in colour; the green and blue varieties are abundant in various parts of India; the copper coloured variety may be considered rare. It is a question well worth inquiry what is the real cause of the above variations of colours.
Sp. 12. Bacchus.—This is the type of Cercellium, according to Latreille. Mr. MacLeay, however, informs me that Bacchus was considered by Illiger as the true type of Canthon; a second species allied to it has been figured from my collection, and published under the name of Cercellium Lyzus, by Mr. Westwood, it was received from Sierra Leone.
Sp. 15, Hollandie.—The insect which is met with in the French cabinets bearing the above name, is not the same as that in the Fabrician cabinet; there are three or four undescribed spe- cies in different collections, and as it appears to offer characters sufficient to form a sub-genus, I suggest the adoption of the term Tesserodon, ex- pressing the dentation of the Clypeus, which differs from all the other Scarabeide.
Sp. 21. Cupreus.—This appears to be the same
insect as the Onitis Belial, Fab. which in a former
56
page I have given as the type of the genus Ana- chalcos.
Sp. 24. Schefferr.—The reader is referred to Monsieur Gory’s excellent Monograph on Sisyphus, where all the species are admirably figured.
Sp. 25. Helwigu.—I think there can be little doubt that this insect may be considered as a Gym- nopleurus. ‘The name is omitted by Mr. MacLeay in his Synoptical Table of the Species of Scarabeide, probably he considered it as a variety only of one of those described in the Synonymia Insectorum of Schonherr where it is recorded’as an Ateuchus.
Sp. 30. Squalidus.—There must be some mistake respecting this insect, as none of the Scarabzei of the Old World have yet been discovered in the New. I am unacquainted with the insect, and range it with Coprobius for the present. ‘The genus Megathopa of Eschscholtz represents in America the Scarabzeus of the Old Continent, and is the nearest approximation to it inform. In my cabinet [ thave three species, and three other additional nondescripts I find noted in my journal as occurring in the German and French collections.
Sp. 37. Bipustulatus.—It is possible that this insect may belong to the genus Onthophagus ; but,
as the specimen in the Banksian cabinet is not in a
57 very good state, I defer speaking decidedly till
others fall under my notice. Sp. 55, 6, 7, & 8. With none of these insects am I acquainted; the three former are probably
Onthophagi, the latter may be a Cheridium.
8. Hrxopon.
Sp. 1. Reticulatum.—I lately purchased a box of insects from the Island of Mauritius, containing two specimens of this anomalous genus; as it appears an undescribed species, I name it in honour of the venerable patriarch of Entomology, the Rev. Wil- ham Kirby, of Barham, and.add the description.
Hexodon Kirbu.—Long. lin. 10 lat. lin. 64. Obscurum, thorace nigricanti, elytris cinereis lineis tuberculisque quatuor variegatis.
Caput nigrum, antennis piceis articulo primo pi- loso, reliquis glabris. ‘Thoraxniger opacus utrinque tuberculo levi variegatus. Elytra cinerea, lineis sub- elevatis postice reticulatis, fuscis, tuberculisque qua- tuor levibus insignita. Corpus infra nigro-piceum nitidum, femoribus concoloribus tibiis tarsisque cas- taneis. Hee species celeberrimo Domino Kirby,
acutissimo observatori Naturee dicatur.
58
9. TRicHIUs.
Sp. 2-punctatus.—This insect is the type of Dr. — Leach’s genus Popillia.—I am acquainted with more than forty species belonging to it; apparently those of the New World will form a sub-genus. I strongly recommend these beautiful msects to the attention of Entomologists, as likely to form an elegant and interesting Monograph.
Sp. 8. Bidens.—In some writers it 1s called Bibens, which is an error of the press.
Sp. 16. Retusus.—This is the type of Mr. Kirby’s genus Cnemida. (vide Zool. Journal, No. 10, p. 145). The Baron De Jean is probably unacquainted with the other species described and figured in that work by the above author, as mention is scarcely made of them in his various Catalogues.
Sp. 19. Hirtus.—Probably a Trichius? A Mo- nograph ought to contain a notice of all the described species of authors up to the time of its publication. The Monograph of Messrs. Perchéron and Gory however good in some points, is exceedingly defi- cient in this respect. With regard to Synonyms they occasionally mention the most common. The omission of several Fabrician species renders their
work anything but perfect and satisfactory. It is
59
generally expected that a Supplement to it will shortly make its appearance, when, in all probabi-
lity, these objections will be remedied.
10. CETONIA.
Sp. 1. Golata.—The type of the genus Goliathus De Lamarck. Mr. Kirby has applied the spe- cific name of giganteus to it, which has been retained by Mr. Westwood in the new edition of Drury’s Illustrations. I think the Goliathide will bear dividing into two groups, the former in- cluding those genera which have the anterior and posterior angles of the thorax rounded, and the latter where the thorax is of a trapezoidal form; at the close of the Fabrician Lamellicorns I shall add some additional remarks on Goliathide, and there- fore only allude at present to an insect which Pro- fessor Klug of Berlin has named Goliathus Regius ; I lately received a specimen allied to the last named species from Guinea, and was convinced that it was a female, and I think probably it is the female of Goliathus giganteus K.; that it was a female I am enabled to speak positively, as on dissecting it many ova were discovered in the abdomen. |
Sp. 2. Cacicus.—A specimen of this insect is in
my possession, it was received from the same _ loca-
60
lity as Gol. regius of Klug.-—Vid. Reise um die Erde, by Adolph Erman, published at Berlin in 1835, plate 15, fig. 7,
Sp. 3. Bifrons.—This insect belongs to Monsieur Serville’s genus Inca, and seems confined to the New World; there are several recorded species known.
Sp. 4. Polyphemus.—This insect for many years was considered unique, and was the chief ornament of the Banksian cabinet: it has been stolen from thence by some individual unworthy of the name of natu- -ralist. Iregret to state also that a box containing some rare and singular insects (from Sierra Leone and New Holland) has disappeared from my own collection ; should a similar occurrence take place I shall be forced to close my cabinet, which it has ever been my wish to render easy of access to the Entomolo- gist. As the insect here above alluded to belongs to a section which has the thorax trapezoidal, I sug- gest the adoption of the generic term Mecynorhina from the Greek words pnxvv@ and piv, from the cly- peus being prolonged into a horn. The following characters will designate the type of form. Mecy- norhina Hope: <‘‘ Corpus ovatum, thorax trapezio- dalis, caput tricorne, medio mergaformi porrecto,
bifido, lateralibus minoribus subarcuatis, apice acutis.
61
Pedes anteriores quatuor posticis longiores, tibiis dentibus armatis, sternoque obtuso producto.” To this genus apparently the following species belong, viz. G. Micans, Fab. & G. Daphnis & Grallii, both of them in the collection of Monsieur Buquet at Paris. - The second genus belonging to this section has for its type Goliathus Heepfneri of De Jean, and represents in the New World the group having Poly- phemus as its type in the Old. I have little hesitation in suggesting this insect as the type of a new genus, and it is to be hoped that the Baron de Jean will shortly publish the characters and name generically, one of the most interesting insects figured in the Monograph above alluded to. The remaining species of Goliathus, which have been described by Mes- sieurs Perchéron and Gory as such, belong, accord- ing to my views, to Cetonia, and approach Gnatho- cera of Kirby, I allude to those which are named G. Heros, Mellii, and Opalinus. The third insect which belongs to this section is the type of a new genus, named Jumnos Ruckeri, Saunders, it will appear figured in the next part of the Entomological Transactions. We have then three distinct genera; VIZ. Goliathus, Dicronocephalus, and Inca, the re- spective representatives of Africa, Asia, and America, forming the first section, and three others, viz. Me-
cynorhina Polyphemus, Jumnos Ruckeri, and Golia-
62
thus Heepfneri, forming the second section, each of them forming the characteristic type of the quarter of the globe to which they belong.
Sp. 6. Micans.—I formerly gave the name of Trigonophorus to this and some other species of Cetoniade from General Hardwicke’s collection, which appeared to me to afford sufficient characters for a sub-genus ; and I still think that Micans may be the type of another genus, as the anterior tibie of the male are only mternally serrated, but in Mecy- norhina in both sexes they are internally serrated.
Sp. 8. Nigrita.—By many Entomologists this insect has been regarded only as a variety of Cet. Chinensis Fab.; having received it lately from Dar- pouillie, and examined it thoroughly, I give it as a distinct species. ‘The species of Agestrata named Splendens by Messrs. Perchéron and Gory, has long been in the Linnean cabinet, where it is unnamed. Ten species belonging to this genus have fallen under my inspection. Three undescribed are in the possession of Colonel Whithill.
Sp. 13, Recurva.—This species is omitted in the Monograph of Cetoniade; it was originally de- scribed from Lund’s cabinet.
Sp. 22. Holosericea, now a Gymnetis. The Ori- ental species of Gymnetide apparently belong to a
sub-genus, they are few in number compared with
63
those found in the New World. Only eight out of seventy-five described by Monsieur Gory inhabit the Old World; this number may be doubled; five were lately brought to this country by the indefa- tigable Colonel Whithill above mentioned, whose collection of Coleoptera, as far as relates to the insects of Bombay, the Concan and Ceylon, is cer- tainly unrivalled.
Sp. 32 & 33.—These insects probably belong to the Rutelide, and perhaps to the genus Macraspis, if so the locality of the East Indies must be changed to that of South America.
Sp. 40. Glabrata.—This insect I have ranged at present as a Rutela; it was named by Fabricius from Lee’s cabinet: I believe it to be unique, and have some doubts if Oriental India is its true locality. |
Sp. 42. Cornuta.—This singular insect ought to have been made the type of a new genus by Messrs. Gory and Perchéron, it unites apparently the Ceto- niade and the genus Syrichtus of Kirby. A second species, closely allied to Cet. Cornuta Fab., and con- siderably larger, I lately received from China.
Sp. 54. Scutellata.—In the monograph of Ceto- niadee repeatedly alluded to, this Fabrician species is
made the type of Macroma. My friend, Mr,
64
Kirby, originally gave this name to two species of Cetonia from New Holland, allied to Schizorhina, the name of one was Scutellare, and the similarity of the signification of Scutellatum probably led to the mistake. |
Sp. 58. Fasciata.—'This insect is certainly a Cetonia, and is the same species as Sc. Alexandrinus Linn.
Sp. 61. Picta.—Now a Macronata of Hoffman- sege. It is generally supposed that Wiedemann founded this genus, but erroneously so, as Count Hoffmansegg first published it in the Zoologisches Magazin of Wiedemann, and hence the cause of the error; among the recorded species of Macronata two, namely, Rhinophyllus and Inscripta, appear to afford sufficient characters to allow of being formed into sub-genera.
Sp. 70. 4-maculata.—If Mecynorhina is adopted as a sub-genus of Goliathide, there can be little doubt that Gnathocera 4-maculata Oliv. belongs to the same genus, and must therefore be de- tached from Gnathocera, as some other species ought to be.
Sp. 72. Cuprea.—No mention is made of this species, and indeed, I may add, of several other
Fabrician insects in the Monograph of Cetoniadze
65
by Messieurs Perchéron and Gory; it has not yet fallen under my inspection, and I therefore range it with a doubt as a Cetonia. Gmelin gives Se. venereus of Linneus as a Synonym.
Sp. 80. Vetradactyla.—The organs of manduca- tion belonging to this insect are accurately described by Mr. Kirby in his invaluable Century of Insects, published in the 12th volume of the Linnean Trans- actions. Vid. tab. 21, fig. 10, a, b, c, d. By some mistake (Mr. Kirby informed me,) the generic cha- racters which properly belong to Macraspis tetra- dactyla were attributed to Rutela pulchella. The various species of this genus belong exclusively to the New World. ‘Thirty-five species have fallen under my notice.
Sp. 85. Lunulata.—'This insect has all the ap- pearance of a Rutela, and if so, is certainly not a native of Sumatra, but of South America. I am only acquainted with Olivier’s figure, (vid. Cetonia, 6, 12, 112,) never having seen a specimen in any collection.
Sp. 88. Philippensis.—This insect is as abundant in China, as C. aurata is in Europe; other Asiatic species closely resemble our northern specimens. An interesting example of this occurs in Cetonia
F
66
marmorata from Japan, sent to me lately by M. De Haan of Leyden; after a rigid examination I feel convinced it is a distinct species; I propose, there-_ fore, to name it in honor of the celebrated Siebold, a very able Naturalist, through whose exertions much light has been thrown on the insects of that country. His Fauna Japonica, now in the course of publication, merits a conspicuous place in the libraries of all Zoologists.
Sp. 89. Stolata.—By Fabricius this msect is de- scribed erroneously as inhabiting New Holland. I believe it to be a native of Africa. My valued friend, Mr. Burchell the traveller, possesses some specimens from Africa (probably from Caffraria) collected by himself.
Sp. 92. Abbreviata.—This insect is probably a Cetonia; no mention is made of it by Monsieur Gory, although it is described by Fabricius from the cabinet of Monsieur Geoffroy of Paris.
Sp. 96. Marmorata.—According to Illiger this insect is only a variety of C. mandarina, in which opinion I concur. Cetonia marmorata of Europe is a distinct species, and has been described by various other names.
Sp. 99. Areata.—In Olivier’s work discoido is
placed before the Latin term areata, hence it has
67
been confounded with C. discoidea of Fabricius, quite a different species.
Sp. 103. Albopunctata.—This species occurs in Africa as well as India.
Sp. 110. 14-maculata.—This is Cetonia cerulea Oliv. and Gymnetis coerulea Gory. It is no un- common occurrence to find the same insect described by Fabricius and Olivier, under different names. Few individuals are perhaps aware of the cause ; the former, in his various visits to this country, had access to the Banksian cabinet, and described all the new species which were found in that collection. He next took up his abode with Mr. Lee, of Ham- mersmith, and also described the novelties of his cabinet. To every insect labels were attached by Fabricius, frequently in his own hand-writing; which was not always the case in the Banksian col- lection. Olivier on his arrival in London directed his attention to the drawers containing the last arrivals of insects, and figured and described for his erand work many which had previously been desig- nated by Fabricius. It is singular that this insect which came into my possession at Mr. Lee’s sale, has the specific name of C. 14-maculata attached to it, while a variety of it with the thorax blue, is de- nominated C. ccerulea. The locality of the former
4
68
is Eastern India, and of the latter the island of Mauritius, from whence I have received it. An- other species from Travancore is closely allied to the above, and in the collections of the Continent other allied species appear confounded under the same name.
Sp. 120. Gloriosa.—This insect is another ex- ample of a species described by Olivier as well as Fabricius ; the latter writer has given it the name of Melolontha Dorcyi.
Sp. 121. Maura.—Now a Cremastocheilus ac- cording to Messrs. Gory and Perchéron. The true type of that genus is C. Castanee Knoch, an Ame- rican insect. Perhaps of all the genera of the Ce- toniade, less attention has been paid to this genus by the above writers, than might have been ex- pected. Mr. MacLeay some years back gave the name of Genuchus to an African insect described by Fabricius as Cetonia cruenta, and Mr. Kirby, in the 14th volume of the Linnean Transactions, some- time afterwards detailed the characters. Genuchus, as a genus, 1s Closely allied to Cremastocheilus, but is evidently distinct; it represents in Africa the Cremastocheili of North America. ‘There is also a very marked form which connects in my opinion
Cetonia and Genuchus; I allude to two species
69
published by M. Gory, viz. Crem. Maculatus and Brahma, both from the East Indies. Mr. Kirby published in 1826 his remarks on the C. Castanez of Knoch, and added a new species named Vario- losus. In 1828 were added also in the Zoological Journal, two more species, viz. Crem. canaliculatus and Harrisii, all four belonging exclusively to North America; it is probable that eventually in South America there will yet be discovered a sub- genus allied to Cremastocheilus; at present, how- ever, there appear but three sub-generic forms known, which may be regarded as representing the genus in the different parts of the globe, viz. Crem. Castaneze of North America, Genuchus cruentus of Africa, and Crem. maculatus of the East Indies. To the future investigator of these most interesting insects I leave the nomination of the sub-genera.
Sp. 124. Cruenta.—The type of the genus Genu- chus, M. L. Vid. the generic details in the Linnean Transactions, Vol. 14, page 569.
11. MeELOLONTHA.
Sp. 4. Jtorida —This appears to be the same insect which Olivier has denominated Mel. Commer-
sonli.
70
Sp. 5. Serrata..—Now an Holotrichia of Mr. Kirby’s manuscripts. There are in the Banksian cabinet two insects labelled with this name; one has the thorax serrated, the other not. Is it a sexual distinction ?
Sp. 14. Alopex.—This insect is the type of Mr. Kirby’s genus Cephalotrichia; I am acquainted with two other species from the Cape of Good Hope, Ceph. vicina mihi, and amplexa Klug.
Sp. 23. Atriplicis.— The Baron De Jean in his last Catalogue ranges it under the term Anisonchus. In Guerin’s Magasin de Zoologie, pl. 20, however, it is described and figured under the name of Hop- lopus Laporte, from ozAos and zovs; as the cha- racters are detailed, I consequently retain the latter name. ;
Sp. 26. Lanigera.— This insect belongs to the genus Areoda Leach; there are about twelve spe- cies in the different Continental collections with Which Iam acquainted.
Sp. 27. Longicorns.—This species will form the type of a new genus allied to Mr. Kirby’s Cephalotrichia. In my collection there are four species, which I have named, Robusta, Boei, and Klugii; there are others in the collection of Mr.
Burchell, all of which inhabit Africa.
Ft
- Sp. 28. Punctata.—Belonging to Mr. W. Sharpe MacLeay’s genus Pelidnota. About ten species are mentioned in De Jean’s Catalogue, but double that number will be found in different collections. The genus Chrysina Kirby, published in the Zoolo- gical Journal appears to unite Pelidnota with Sca- rabeeus Macropus Francillon.
Sp. 29. Viridis.—-'The type of Euchlora MacLeay. In my collection there are twenty species. The French writers seem to confound Mimela Kirby with Euchlora M.L. Chrysea of Kollar, which is men- tioned by De Jean, belongs to the former genus.
Sp. 30. Aineus.—Type of Dr. Leach’s genus Repsimus; there are four species known.
Sp. 31. Suturalis.—Now the type of a new genus, which I have named Stethaspis.
Sp. 32. Bicolor.—The native country of this in- sect is stated by Fabricius to be the Cape of Good Hope; this is erroneous, as it 1s only met with in the East Indies. ‘The species of Euchlora are more numerous than in the allied genus Mimela.
Sp. 35. Morio.—I have added a mark of inter- rogation to this species, being doubtful if it really belongs to the genus Chalepus ; according to Lliger, Melolontha Hottentotta is the same insect.
Sp. 37. Rufipennis.—This insect is unknown to
42
me; I have ranged it as a Cyclocephala, merely from the description.
Sp. 40. G'lacialis.—This species I propose as the type of the genus Macrosoma; to it belong most | probably Mel. lurida in the Tunstall cabinet, as well as M. striata and testacea of Fabricius. Mr. Tunstall’s collection at his death went into the possession of Mr. Allan, and was the nucleus of the Entomological Cabinet of the present Newcastle museum.
Sp. 43. Tristis—This insect was received from North America, and described from Mr. Blackburn’s cabinet at Warrington. I have not been able to ascer- tain in what state of preservation that collection is at present. it has not yet been dispersed; and as x Is an authentic cabinet, and was named in early days, it may be the means of making us acquainted with several unknown [abrician insects.
Sp. 45. Hirticollis.—This msect is unknown to me, although described from Vahl’s cabinet. The Gmelin edition of the Systema of Linneus, page 1569, sp. 300, merely adds, that in size it ap- proaches Sc. fuscus.
Sp. 47. fuficollis— There are two species in the Banksian collection ticketed with this name.
Schonherr in a note attached to this species, seems
73
in doubt to what family of Melolontha to refer it ; of course to attempt to assign the right genus would on my part be presumption.
Spe. 48. Quadridens.—This insect was described from Hybner’s cabinet ; no notice is made of it in Ilhger’s Magazine.
Sp. 49. Variolosa.—This insect is in my collec- tion, and was purchased at Lee’s sale. It appears to belong to the Baron De Jean’s magazine genus Schizonycha, which comprehends under it various forms of Melolonthide. The characters are not yet published, and the name will therefore not stand. Schiz. Brasiliana appears to be the type of the genus Rhinaspis of Spix and Martius. Vide Delect. Anim. Art. Bras. pl. 10, fig. 1, Rhimaspis Schrankii.
Sp. 54. Brunnea.—The type of Mr. MacLeay’s genus Serica; as there are several subgenera be- longing to this genus, I consider the Sericide a distinct family. Monsieur Laporte, in Guerin’s Magasin de Zoologie, has detached various species from Serica, and formed from them a new genus, denominated Trochalus. He possesses four species, all from Senegal. In my collection there are nine, and many others will be found in our metropolitan
cabinets. ‘They appear to belong exclusively to
74:
Africa and its adjacent islands ; some few species are met within Madagascar. Mel. gibba, lineata, and picea described by Fabricius belong to this genus Trochalus.
Sp. 58 Hrythrocephala.—Belonging to the genus Apogonia, Kirby. The founder of this well cha- racterized genus doubts the country to which the type belongs. I give my opinion that it inhabits the East Indies, as there are several species allied to it in my collection from Madras and Singapore. Three were described by me from General Hard- wicke’s collection, viz. Apogonia nigricans, enes- — cens, and brunnea. Vide page 23, of the Zoological Miscellany. HS
Sp. 62. Rufa.—This singular msect appears to be a form well worthy of being made the type of a new genus. It is in the Banksian cabinet.
Sp. 63 & 64. Festiva.—Mr. MacLeay in the Appendix to Captain King’s Narrative of a Survey of the Coasts of Australia, justly considers this in- sect as the type of a new genus allied to Serica. I suggest the adoption of the term Calonota, to include all the Hydrobiiform Sericide. They seem to be peculiar to New Holland. Vide the details of the genus in the concluding part of this
Fasciculus among the new genera.
7 Sp. 65. Holosericea.—Type of the genus Rhom-
bonyx Kirby, a second species allied to the above I have lately received from Macao in China.
Sp. 69. Vitis.—Fabricius seems to think that in America this species is the same as that which is found on the European vine. It is scarcely possible that the larve could have been transported thither in the cuttings or plants imported into that country. A question then arises as to the identity of species ; some Entomologists of the present day assert that all American insects differ from those of Europe. My observations lead me to think that this is not always the case; leaving the question still open for future discussion, I merely remark that it matters little in which way the question is eventually determined. In both cases we shall have to look to a higher and more interesting subject of enquiry, viz. the func- tions committed to the several types of form by an allwise and provident Creator. In both instances, whether we consider these insects as distinct or the reverse, that is, as species or varieties of species, we must still regard them as the representatives of their respective countries.
Sp. 71. Cardui.iNow of the genus Glaphyrus
Lat. which has very properly been formed into a
76 family by Mr. MacLeay: the genera composing it
require a thorough investigation.
Sp. 73. Fastuosa.—Now of the genus Mimela | Kirby; for the species of this genus the reader is referred to a Monograph in the first volume of the Entomological Transactions, page 116, where four- teen are enumerated. I have lately received from the Nilgherry mountains an undescribed species, which I have named Mimela Xanthorhina. Vide the description at the end of the newly indicated genera.
Sp. 82. Merens.—This insect was described from the cabinet of Dom. Rohr, which, if I am not mis- taken, along with Sehestedt’s and Lund’s, are added to the Royal Copenhagen collection. I am unable to give any information respecting this species.
Spe. 84. Aulicola.—This singular insect will pro- bably form the type of a new genus. The clypeus is remarkable, and differs from any of the published genera of my acquaintance.
Sp. 37. Arboricola.—Probably an Anisoplia. Melolontha nitidula Oliv. appears to be the same species as the above. It is questionable, however, if M. nitidula Fab. is the same as M. nitidula of Olivier.
Sp. 98. Atomaria.—Now the type of the genus
cats
Gymnoloma De Jean. I am not aware of its charac- ters being published; it appears to afford sufficient grounds for the establishment of a new genus.
Sp. 98. Chrysomelina.—-Now the type of Megerle’s genus Ochodeeus.
Sp.110. Cincta.— Melolontha marginata of Oli- vier is apparently the same as that insect described as Cincta by Fabricius.
Sp. 122. Morio.—It is with doubt that I add the generic name of Anisoplia to this species. Can this insect be Anisoplia atra of Count Jenisson’s Cabinet?
Sp. 129. Variabilis.—Probably under this name more than one species is confounded. The Sericide of North America are certainly different from our Kuropean species, although they greatly resemble them.
Sp. 147. Meles.——The specific name is usually printed Melis, probably a typographical error.
12. Lucanus.
Sp. 7. Memoratus.—Several species allied to Lucanus femoratus from South America are re- markable for their form, the head being large and nearly square, with the sides straight. The body is much depressed, having the base of the elytra
considerably wider than at the apex. ‘This form
78
appears to be peculiar to the New World. ‘The clava of the antenne has only three lamelle.
Sp. 14. Acuminatus—Now an Atgus of Mr. MacLeay. The reader is referred to the Hore Entomologicee for the generic characters of this group, the species belonging to it arenumerous. It is singular that the Baron de Jean still considers this insect as a Dorcas, although he has adopted other genera from the above writer. He appears to have omitted noting this well defined form; all the species known at present belong to Asia or New Holland.
Sp. 18. Cancroides.—Now a Dorcas, according to Megerle; this singular insect will, however, at some future time, be the type of a distinct genus.
Sp. 19. Lunatus.—From the description given by Fabricius, I rank this species as an Atgus. It has never fallen under my inspection.
Sp. 20. Piceus.—Now a Ceruchus MacLeay ; Megerle gave the Plinyan name of ‘Tarandus, as a generic one, to include the European species named Tenebrioides and Silesiacus. I prefer, however, that of Ceruchus M.L., as the former is only a catalogue name, and the details of the genus having also been first published by Mr. MacLeay, is the reason [ retain it. Lucanus Quercus Knoch appa-
rently belongs to this genus.
rey
Sp. 22. Striatus.—This insect forms the type of Mr. W. Sharpe MacLeay’s genus Figulus; he states that it occurs in the East Indies and in the Island of Bourbon. It may here be remarked, that Mada- gascar and the Islands of Mauritius and Bourbon (which, geographically, may be considered as con- nected more intimately with Africa than Asia) appear in the entomological character of their genera to unite the insects of the two continents. They possess, however, types of form, which seem (as far as I have yet had an opportunity of judging) peculiar to these islands. I am exceedingly anxious to ascertain, if any traces of deviation from typical forms of the insects of the African continent have been observed in the smaller islands on the coast of the Red Sea. It is probable that a slight deviation in these localities may be observed. To this genus belong Fig. ebenus of Klug from Madagascar, F., Ovis D. J. from Senegal, and also F. regularis of Westwood from New Holland. The genus appears to be confined im its range to Africa, Asia, and Australia. —
Sp. 23. Caraboides.—The type of the genus Platycerus of Latreille, Lucanus rufipes Fab. is per- haps only a variety of PI. caraboides. I possess a
second species from North America, which belongs
80
to the same genus, and appears to agree with the description of Lucanus virescens Fab., a species omitted in the later works of Fabricius, being first described in the Appendix to the Systema Entomo- logics, p. 817. From a manuscript reference made by Dr. Latham to Francillon’s drawings, I was led to infer this, as he states the size of the insect as nearly three-quarters of an inch.
Sp. 25. Punctatus.—Now a Figulus MacLeay. The Baron De Jean includes under this term Lu- canus cylindricus of De Haan, which insect is the
type of Mr. Westwood’s genus Cardanus.
13° ANsALus:
Sp. 1. Scarabeoides.— The only species known of the genus. The remarkable insect named Co- docera by Eschscholtz (which is the same as Stom- phax of Fischer) seems to connect Atsalus with Ceruchus and Sinodendron. For a better acquaint- ance with the genera of Lucanide, the student is referred to Mr. Westwood’s Synoptical Tables of the Lucanide, published in the Annales des Sciences Nat. 2 series, Zool. tome 1, pl. '7, as well as Mr. MacLeay’s observations on this magnificent family
in the Hore Entomologice.
St
14. PAssa.us.
Se. 7. Minutus.—Monsieur Perchéron in his valuable Monograph has apparently omitted to notice Passalus minutus of Fabricius. <A disserta- tion on the genus Passalus will also be found in the Mem. de la Soc. Imp. des Nat. de Moscou, t. 7, ou Nouv. Mem. t. 1, p. 13—18, by the celebrated Eschscholtz.
82
Famity. DYNASTID, MacLeay.
Genus. Mecaceras, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. GrotTRuPES Cuorinzus, fab.
Caput in mare unicorne, cornu simplici, apice bifido, antice convexo, postice canaliculato.
Mandibule valide apice bilobe, basi dilatate intus subciliatee.
Maxille ungulate, interne inermes.
Pal mazxillares 4-articulati articulo 1™° brevi, 2° longiori suboblongo, 3"° obconico, extimo elon- gato-ovato subtruncato.
Mentum* subtrigonum apice truncato basi paullo angustiori.
Labium obsoletum vel internum.
Palpi labiales 3-articulati articulis duobus primis obconicis, ultimo longiori apice attenuato.
Antenne 10-articulate, articulo 1"° basi angusto, apice crassior1, sequentibus sex fere moniliformibus, clava subovata trilamellata.
Corpus oblongum.
Thorax postice abdominis latitudine, e basi antice
* Labium, Kirby, in Linnean Transactions.
83
valde elevatus, apice late emarginato, seu in cornua
bina porrecta producto. Femina adhuc latet.
To this genus also belongs an undescribed species, which Mr. Kirby has named Meg. Chori- nellus. It will be found in the cabinet of the En-
tomological Society of London.
Genus. Enema, Kirby. Type of the Genus. Grotrupes Enema, Fab.
Caput in utroque sexu unicorne, apice bifido seu simplici, cornu antrorsum et retrorsum convexo.
Mandibule bilobe basi dilatate, apice fortiter bifido.
Mazille apice 3-unguiculate dente extimo lon- giori.
Pal maxillares 4-articulati 1"° articulo trigono 2” fere triplo longiori 3"° cylindrico, ultimo duobus preecedentibus vix longitudine equali, elongato- ovato, apice attenuato ovato et truncato. |
Mentum subtrigonum vel conicum apice simplici.
Pal labiales 3-articulati articulis duobus primis obconicis, tertio longiori ovato.
Antenne fere ut in Megacerate, Kirby.
Thorax in utroque sexu unicornis, aut bifidus,
G2
84
cornu e medio disci surgente, curvato et apice de- flexo. | Corpus oblongum, elytris in medio thorace parum
latioribus.
Mr. Kirby takes the Fabrician specific name of Enema as a generic one, and applies to the type of the genus that of Infundibulum. To Enema belong the following species, viz. Geot. Pan and Quadri- spinosus of Fabricius, Sc. A‘neas of Kirby, and an insect which in my collection has attached to it the manuscript name of Monachus, D. J.? According to Monsieur Lacordaire both sexes of this genus
have the thorax armed with horns.
Genus. Cueiropiatys,* Kirby. Type of the Genus. Grorrupes Truncatus, Fab.
Caput triangulare clypeo antice truncato reflexo.
Mandibule robuste antice conice, hirsute.
Mazille apice 3-dentate, dente extimo trun- cato.t
Palpi Macaillares 4-articulati articulo 1™° angusto
* From yep, manus, and zAarve, latus. + In some specimens dissected the external tooth was as large as
the two others, and of similar form.
85
minuto, 2°° suboblongo, 3° obconico, ultimo scalpi- formi.
Mentum elongato-conicum apice rotundatum.
Palpi labiales articulo ultimo majori scalpiformi.
Corpus fere oblongum elytris thorace parum la- tioribus.
Thorax maris retusus, cornutus, cornu breve in ipso margine antico, feminz convexus, inermis.
Pedes breves validissimi, tibiis anticis ¢ externe bidentatis, quatuor posticis femoribus incrassatis, tibiis fere ut in Temmorhyncho Hope, binis folia-
ceils uncis instructis.
This remarkable form seems peculiar to New Holland, where it appears to be the representative of the African genus Temnorhynchus. It is worthy of remark, that the males have only two calcaria on the tibizee, while the females have three. Cheiroplatys De Jeanii, and Gibbosus of Hope, and Ch. Juvencus of Mr. Kirby’s cabinet, belong to this genus. They are all from New Holland. ‘The figures of the Trophi of this genus were made from Mr. Kirby’s dissection of a specimen of Ch. Juvencus in the
collection of the Entomological Society.
86
Genus. Cuatcosoma, Hope. Type of the Genus. Grotrupres Atias, Fab.
Caput unicorne cornu reflexo postice dentato clypeo bifido.
Mendibule basi dilatate apice falcata acute.
Mazille elongate lobo tenui subacuto, valde hir- sutee.
Palpi mawillares 4-articulati, 1"° brevi mini- mo, 2" crassiori oblongo 3'° obconico ultimo ovato producto, duobus preecedentibus longiori.
Mentum elongatum sensim attenuatum apice paullo angulariter dilatatum et subemarginatum.
Palyr labiales 3-articulati duobus primis articulis obconicis, extimo elongato ovato apice subtruncato.
Corpus crassissimum, abdomine thorace latior1.
Thorax tricornis cornu medio brevissimo, cornu- bus lateralibus elongatis porrectis.
Femora antica unidentata.
I am inclined to think from the examination of many specimens that both sexes may have the thorax cornuted; the species therefore which I described from the collection of General Hardwicke, form a subgenus closely allied to Chalcosoma; the femora
of the latter are without the prominent tooth so
87
conspicuous in Atlas, Hesperus, Caucasus and
Chiron.
Genus. Stratecus, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. GrotTRuPEs ALaus, Fab.
Caput fere trigonum apice truncatum vix emargi- natum fronte antice tuberculis seu dentibus armato.
Mandibule validissime, apice truncate 2-dentatz dente interno minori, externo obtuso.
Masxille ? apice 8-spinose et ¢ 5-spinose subtus hirsute.
Palpi mazillares 4-articulati, 1"° oblongo, 2% fere triplo longiori, 3°° obconico, 4° tribus preece- dentibus equali, elongato, apice truncato.
Mentum subtrigonum antice dilatatum apice ro- tundatum.
Palpi labiales 3-articulati, articulo 1” sequenti longiore, 2°° minori obconico, ultimo elongato-ovato apice attenuato.
Corpus crassum.
Thorax tricornis, cornu intermedio longiori, late-
ralibus compressis.
Strategus differs from the genus Megaceras,
which has both sexes cornuted, there is however an
88
approximation to the latter in several species of Strategus, which are armed with a short horn or tooth on the anterior part of the thorax, as well as with lateral tubercles. Both sexes have the front of the forehead bituberculate. There are several species belonging to this genus, viz. Sc. Semiramis of Palisot Beauvois, and probably also Sc. 4-fove- atus and oblongus of the same author. Sc. Recti- cornis Kirby, may be added, as well as Geot. An- teus Fab. Geot. A*nobarbus, Syphax and ‘Titanus of Fabricius, Massinissa of Kirby, and Ajax of Olivier, belong to the same genus; they have the intermediate thoracic horn furcate and deeply emar- ginate at the apex. In two remarkable insects in my collection, which I have named Montesuma and Pizarro, closely approaching Strategus, the lateral horns are furcate, the intermediate one is nearly evanescent, it is probable that the former belongs to a subgenus as the mouth is different, and the
anterior tarsi quite anomalous.
Genus. Ca.osis, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. Grorrures SyLvanus, fab.
Caput triangulare, cornu recurvo clypeo emar-
ginato.
89
Mandibule in utroque sexu validissime, quadra- tz apice 3-dentate, dentibus subzequalibus.
Mazxille graciles apice acute dentibus duobus minutis sub apice armate, margine externo versus basin tuberculo conico, (in mare majori) instructe.
Palpi maxillares 4-articulati, articulo 1"° minuto breve, duobus proximis brevibus obconicis, extimo valde elongato-ovato apice truncato.
Mentum conicum apice truncatum vix emargi- natum.
Palpi labiales 3-articulati et fere ut in Stratego Kirby.
Corpus oblongum, elytris thorace parum latioribus.
Thorax retusus prominentia variabili insignitus.
Pedes mediocres calcaribus acutis.
To this genus belong Geot. bilobus Fab. and C. Vesputius Hope. Monsieur Serville seems to attach much importance to the sutural striae as marking some of the genera of Dynastide; the striation in the above genus is certainly remarkable. As a generic distinction, however, much weight
cannot be given to it.
90
Genus. XyLorycres, Hope. Type of the Genus. Grotrures Satyrus, Fab. 3
Caput unicorne, cornu simplici recurvo, clypeo dentibus acutis armato.
Mandibule apice oblique truncate, seu margine interno obliquo, membrana setosa interne instructe.
Mazxille 3-unguiculate dentibus internis minori- bus, apicali acuto.
Palpi maxillares 4-articulati articulo primo cylin- drico, 2° crassiori suboblongo, 3"° obconico, ultimo elongato truncato.
Mentum subtrigonum basi angustiori lateribus rotundatis, apice truncatum.
Palpi labiales brevissimi 3-articulati duobus primis subtrigonis, tertio longiori ovato.
Corpus oblongum crassum.
Thorax inermis trunctatus et declivis.
Femina thorace antice convexo, capite postice
corniculo armato.
This genus is closely allied to Oryctes of Illiger. An insect sent to me from the United States, by Monsieur Leconte, under the name of Satyrus, dif- fers from the species in the Fabrician Cabinet. I
propose, therefore, to give to this second species the
91
name of that indefatigable and zealous entomolo- gist. Geot. Jamaciensis Fab. belongs to the same genus, and there are several others from South America and the West India Isles, which might be added, the greater part of which are undescribed. Mr. Kirby in his manuscripts proposed the name of Orycter to include the above species, but as the name is very similar to that of Oryctes, I have sub- stituted that of Xyloryctes, from =vAov lignum et
opvaoe fodio.
Genus. Syricutus, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. GEOoTRUPES Syricutus, Fab.
| Trophi fere ut in genere Phileuro, palporum arti- culo extimo minus cylindrico.
Caput unicorne, cornu simplici recurvo, clypeo retuso. |
Mandibule valide extus in lobum rotundatum producte apice subtruncato margine interno sub apice inciso, subtus lanuginoso.
Mazille elongate, lobo apicali dentibus tribus magnis acutis subequalibus armato, dente infimo plano 3-denticulato.
Palpi maxillares elongati articulo basali minimo,
tertio obconico. 2° et 4° longitudine fere equalibus.
92
Mentum suboblongum lateribus convexis apice valde emarginato. |
Pal labiales minuti articulis duobus basalibus brevissimis, 3"° longiore.
Corpus oblongum subtus pilosissimum.
Thorax fere semicircularis, inermis.
Tibie quatuor postice pectinate.
Yarsi quatuor postici haud articulo 1° producto.
Pedes anteriores unguibus ineequalibus.
Mr. Kirby has given the term Syrichtus as a generic name, to include those insects allied to this very remarkable form. ‘The genus Heteronychus, De Jean, (of which I possess a species named Het. Licas, from Professor Klug of Berlin) in its general appearance seems evidently distinct.
To this genus the following species may be added, viz. G. Aries, Fab. as well as a new undescribed species from the island of Mauritius, which may,
therefore, be named from that locality Mauritianus.
Genus. Pentopon, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. G&roTRUPES PUNCTATUS, Fab.
Caput trigonum tuberculatum. Mandibule valide 3-lobatze, lobis latis obtuso-
rotundatis, externe hirsute, interne lanuginosz.
93
Mazxille apice quinque-dentate, dente medio minori. |
Mentum 3-angulare apud palpos constrictum, apice truncatum antrorsum subconvexum.
Palpi maxillares 4-articulati, articulo 1™° brevi, 2” fere oblongo, 3"° obconico, extimo elongato ovato.
Palpi labiales fere ut in Syrichto, Kirby.
Corpus crassum valde convexum elytris thorace latioribus.
Thorax in utroque sexu muticus. _ Pedes antici 6-denticulati, dentibus ternis pro-
minentibus ternisque aliis minoribus obtusis.
This genus seems confined to Europe, as far as I am able to ascertain at present; Geot. Monodon, Fab. pertains to it. Scarabzus Monodon of De Haan from the island of Java evidently belongs to another genus, although in external appearance it
closely resembles the Fabrician species.
Genus. TrEmMNoruHyNcHUS, Hope. Type of the Genus. GEOTRUPES RETUSUS, Fab. Caput retusum antice elevatum apice subemargi-
natum facie recte truncata.
Mandibule subtrigone apice conice edentate.
94:
Mazille 2-dentate dente exterior! subobtuso interiori bifido subtus hirsute.
Palpi mazillares 4-articulati articulo 1" brevis- simo, 2” triplo longiori cylindrico, 3"° obconico, extimo elongato ovato.
Mentum suboblongum antice paullo angustius emarginatum.
Palm labiales 3-articulati duobus primis articulis subtrigonis, 3"° ovato apice conico.
Corpus crassum.
Thorax muticus antice parum retusus.
Femora bina antica complanata, posteriora qua- tuor multo incrassata inflata.
Tibie postice late 2-carinate, apice calcaribus duobus foliaceis instructe.
Tarsi breves hirsuti, 1”° articulo reliquis latiori.
This singular insect was originally named G. re- tusus by Fabricius; it was re-described by Palisot Beauvois under the name of Scarabzeus Diana, from the kingdom of Oware in Africa. He appears to have confounded it with Geotrupes Coronatus Fab. which occurs in Java, and is a distinct species, although belonging to the same genus. Callicnemis Latreillii of Laporte seems to be distantly related
to Temnorhynchus. J am enabled to add two un-
95
described species to the above remarkable type— one, viz. Temnorhynchus Isidis Hope, from the Cape of Good Hope, and Tem. Ritchii, collected in the Soudan, and sent to this country by the un- fortunate traveller. Ritchie. Mr. Kirby in his MSS. gave it the generic name of Pachypus, and the Baron de Jean in his Catalogue adopts the term Coptorhinus; both names however must be changed, as they are previously used by other writers, for
other genera of Lamellicorn beetles.
Genus. Botruynus, Kirby. Type of the Genus. Grotrures Cunicutus, Fab.
Caput mediocre, inerme clypeo triangulari apice bifido.
Mandibule subquadrate dentibus tribus validis- simis acutis armatz, intermedio majori dorso rotun- datz, intus ciliate.
Mazille elongate apice edentulo, setigero, palpi maxillares mediocres, articulo 1™ brevi basi angusto, 2° crassiori et paullo longiori, 3"° minori conico, 4° reliquis fere longiori subcylindrico.
Mentum subtrigono-conicum basi angustius.
Palp. labiales brevissimi 3-articulati articulis
duobus basalibus obconicis, 3"° ovato.
96
Corpus oblongum subconvexum, thorace elytris vix augustiori.
Thorax transversus lateribus rotundatis, disco antice valde impresso, denteque tuberculiformi in medio marginis antici armatus.
Elytra striato-punctata striis e sutura 3, 4, et 5, 6, approximatis ad apicem elytrorum haud ex- tensis.
Pedes breves, incragsati, tibie antice extus 3-den- tate. Tarse antici ungue interno majori angulato
bifido.
To this genus belongs also Bothynus Ascanius Kirby, from Brazil, which appears to be related to Geotrupes Zoilus Fabr.
Genus. Isopon, Hope.
Type of the Genus. G. AustraLasiaz, Kirby.
Corpus ovatum convexum elytris preesertim pone medium thorace latioribus.
Caput parvum, transversum, inerme clypeo acu- minato acumine truncato subreflexo.
Mandibule triquetro-trigonz incurve intus dente parvo obtuso armate.
Masxille breves apice oblique truncate dentibus
O7/
4 acutis armate ; palpi maxillares articulo extimo ovato precedentibus duobus longitudine subzequali. Mentum subacuminatum basi angustius valdo setosum. Palpi labiales brevissimi articulo ultimo maximo inflato-ovato. Thorax inermis elytris angustior, postice latior. Elytra brevia valde convexa, punctato-striata. Pedes mediocres. Tarsi postici graciles.
Tibie antice tridentate dente extimo longiori.
Isopon AusTRALAST&. Piceo-niger, nitidus, tho- race punctatus, elytris piceo-castanels, rugoso punc- tato-striatis, corpore subtus pilis fulvis obsito pedi- busque castaneis. Long. corp. lin. 7. Habitat in Australasia, In Mus. Soc. Ent. London. (olim
Kirbuti. )
H
98
Famity. MELOLONTHIDA, MacLeay. Genus. Lepipiota, Kirby. Type of the Genus. MELoLontTua Stiema, Fab.
Caput cum oculis transversum, clypeo rotundato subemarginato reflexo.
Antenne 10-articulate, articulo primo crasso, barbato, reliquis articulis sicut in Eucirro, 7-™° patereeformi.
Palpi mazxillares 4-articulati, articulo extimo semiovato.
Mentum in medio excavatum utrinque gibbum.
Prosternum verticale trigonum intus ad basin pedum anticorum extensum.
Mesosternum inter pedes intermedios prominens.
Unguiculi medio dente armati.
Corpus oblongo-ovatum cinereo squamosum.
Cubitus 2-dentatus dente externo elongato.
This genus appears to differ from Eucirrus chiefly in the following points: In the number of the teeth of the interior tibie, in the shortness of the maxil- lary palpi, in being entirely covered with a squamous clothing, which is absent in the former, and in other minor points. ‘The species are numerous, and seem confined to Asia and Africa, with their adjacent Isles. Mel. Rorida and ‘Tomentosa of Fabricius, and Mel. Calanus and Rafflesii of Hope, all from the East Indies, belong to this sub-genus.
99
Hororricutia, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. MELOLONTHA SERRATA, Fab.
Caput transverso-oblongum, postice prominens, clypeo apice elevato emarginato.
Antenne 10-articulatz capitulo triphyllo articulis intermediis subarcuatis, 6 et 7 paterze-formibus.
Palpi maxillares articulo externo oblongo.
Cubitus 3-dentatus.
Calcaria dilatata arcuata vel falciformia.
Corpus postice dilatatum supra molliter villosum subtus villosissimum.
Thorax (in uno sexu ?) lateribus crenulatus.
Pedes villosi.
To the above type belong various oriental species, viz. Mel. Polysticta and Obtusa of De Haan, Mel. Serricollis, Picicollis and Coriacea of Hope, as well as Pruinosa of Wiedemann, and at least a dozen other nondescripts in my collection. In the Bank- sian Cabinet there are two specimens named Mel. Serrata; one with the thorax serrated, the other not; and as in other respects the insects perfectly resemble each other, probably it is only a sexual
distinction.
H 2
LOO
LacunostTEerna, Hope.
Type of the Genus. Mertotontua Fervipa, Fab.
Caput antice rotundatum clypeo emarginato re- flexo.
Antenne 10-articulate, articulo 1™ clavato 2°° ob- longo, tribus sequentibus subturbinatis 6° et 7™° subpatere-formibus, clava 3-phylla.
Labrum transversum carinatum, carina arcuata.
Mandibule triangulares supra concave late.
Palpi mavillares 4-articulati articulo externo semiovato. |
Prosternum breve elevatum utrinque subcornu- tum.
Corpus elongato-ovatum, elytris a basi ad apicem sensim magnitudine crescentibus.
Abdomen infra et supra glabrum, pectus villo- sum. |
Cubitus 3-dentatus.
Ungues profunde bifidi laciniis divergentibus.
To the above genus belong Mel. Quercina, Quer- cicola and hirticula of Knoch. M. pilosicollis, how- ever, of the same author, belongs to a different sub-
genus.
101
Genus. Apuipia, Kirby.
Type of theGenus. MELOLONTHA TRANSVERSA, Fab.
Corpus cylindricum.
Clypeus supra reflexus subemarginatus.
Labrum 2-lobum vel medio excavatum.
Antenne 10-articulate, 7° patereeformi.
Pal maxillares articulo extimo lanceolato supra excavato.
Cubitus ‘subtridentatus dente superiori fere obso- leto.
Yarsi filiformes, unguiculis longuisculis apice
fissis.
If Melolontha Solstitialis Fab. 1s considered as the type of Rhisotrogus, it is evident at one glance that Mel. transversa differs from it materially in form, as in various other minor points. ‘The species seem peculiar to the South of Europe and Asia
Minor.
102
Genus. CEpHALotricutia, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. Mer totontua Avopex, Fab.
Caput clypeo reflexo emarginato.
Antenne 10-articulatze caule 4-articulato, clava hexaphylla.
Palpi maxillares articulo extimo lanceolato-ovato supra excavato.
Labrum sinu profundo excavatum.
Occiput hirsutum.
Caput, thorax et corpus infra pilis densissimis hirta.
Eilytra glabra.
Cubitus 3-dentatus.
Unguiculi dentati.
This singular insect inhabits the Cape of Good Hope ; other species allied to it are spread over the warmer parts of those regions. It might naturally he supposed that insects in warm climates would have less clothing than those of northern ones. It will be found, however, on examination, that this is very far from being a general rule, as many genera sufficiently attest. Mel. Crinicollis, Hope, and
2-fasciata, Hope, belong to this genus.
103
Genus. Macropuyiua, Hope.
Type of the Genus. MELOLONTHA LONGICORNIS,
Hope.
Caput rotundatum clypeo reflexo haud emarginato.
Antenne 10-articulatze caule 5-articulato, arti- culo 5" clavee dimidii longitudine, clava pentaphylla elongata.
Palpi maszillares articulo extimo lanceolato, seu elongato-ovato apice acuto, supra excavato. ~ Labrum 2-lobum seu medio fortiter excavatum.
Corpus subcylindricum ovatum.
Thorax subtus pilosus.
Abdomen glabrum pectore hirsutissimo.
Cubitus 3-dentatus.
Tarsorum Unques denticulo basali.
To this genus belongs Melolontha robusta of Klug. |
104
Genus. SreTHaspis, Hope.
Type of the Genus. MeLotontua suTura.is, fab.
Caput clypeo integro reflexo.
Antenne caule quinque-articulato clavaque pen- taphylla.
Palpt maxillares articulo ultimo longissimo sub-
_truncato.
Corpus fere oblongo-ovatum elytris a basi thoracis ad apicem magnitudine increscentibus.
Thorax postice obtuse angulatus.
Pectus sterno porrecto acuto armatum, et pilosum.
Pedes anteriores cubitis unidentatis dente fere
obsoleto.
This Fabrician species differing in its form from any group that I am acquainted with, I have thought proper to consider as the type of a new genus. <A second species will be found in my col-
lection from the same country as the type, viz. New
Holland.
Genus. Mricroponta, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. MEtotontua Pint, Fab.
Antenne 9-articulate articulis intermedius fili- formibus, 5 et 6 patereeformibus, clava oblonga trilamellata.
Palpi mazillares articulo externo semiovato.
Cubitus 3-dentatus.
Nasus rotundatus emarginatus reflexus. Unguiculi
basi obsolete dentati.
The above insect affords sufficient characters for separating it from Monsieur Latreille’s genus Rhiso- trogus, under which name (according to the Baron De Jean’s Catalogues) various species are thrown together which require further subdivision. ‘To this genus belong Mel. zstiva, aprilina and rufescens
with many others.
106
Genus. RuompBonyx, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. MetoLtontua Hovosericea,
Fab.
Nasus apice truncatus reflexus.
Labium inflexum.
Antenne 9-articulate.
Palm mazillares articulo extimo ovato.
Cubitus subbidentatus.
Unguicult imeequales, simplices, altero longiore majori, anterior1 rhombiformi.
Corpus ovatum.
Thorax abdomine angustior.
Elytra e basiad apicem sensim increscentia abdo- mine breviora, lineisque elevatis insignita.
Podex magnus triangularis deflexus.
Mr. Kirby has very properly separated this genus from Anomala, from which it differs in many respects. It is allied to Euchlora of Mr. MacLeay. All the species of Rhombonyx are glabrous and rarely if ever have the elytra with elevated lines. This form seems peculiar to Siberia, Japan, and
China.
107
Famity. SERICIDA, Hope.
Genus. Catonota, Hope.
Type of the Genus. Mevotontua Festiva, Fab. Corpus hydrobiiforme.
Clypeus rotundatus subemarginatus parum re- flexus,
Antenne clava trilamellata.
Cubitus 3-dentatus dente interno fere obsoleto.
Palpi mazillares ultimo articulo ovato-conico.
Mesosternum inter pedes anticos porrectum sub- cornutum. Quatuor pedes antici equales femoribus
compressis, postice femoribus incrassatis.
Iam unable at present to give the full details of this genus, as the single specimen of the type in my possession (originally in Mr. Lee’s cabinet) is in too mutilated a state to describe. It, however, affords ample characters for generic distinction. I am in- clined to think that the antenne of the sexes differ, and that the club in one sex has five lamellee, while in the other only three. ‘To this genus belong Mel. leeta, Fab., and other species all from New Holland. The name Calonota is derived from kaos, pulcher, and voros, tergum. Some insects are remarkable
for their pearly and silky lustre; others again for
108
the delicate bloom, like that which ornaments the plum, to which Mr. Kirby has appropriately given the term pruinosus. The insects belonging to. Calonota resemble the opalescence of minerals, at one time imitating the fire-stone or Lumachelli marble, at another the beauty of the Labrador Feldspars. It is an object well worthy of enquiry what causes these variations of colour, a subject scarcely investigated and little understood.
Genus. Lrraretra, Kirby.
Type of the Genus. MerLoLontHa SyLvicoLa, Lab.
Nasus apice truncatus. Antenne 9-articulate.
Palpi articulo extimo obovato. Corpus crassum podice magno. Elytra abdomine breviora. Unguicult simplices.
Cubitus 3-dentatus dentibus obtusis.
To this genus may be added Melolontha Monti- cola, Fab., and about twenty undescribed species in my collection. It is possible that the Clypeus varies in the sexes of the species belonging to this genus; should such be the case, the characters
can be changed when the point is ascertained.
109
Genus. Macrosoma, Hope.
Type of the Genus. MeLoLtontuHa cGuacraLis, Fab.
Labrum rotundatum subemarginatum.
Antenne clava elongato-ovata.
Thorax antice angustus postice parum latior.
Corpus elongatum, elytris thorace quadruplo longioribus.
Cubitus 3-dentatus.
To this genus may be added Mel. lurida striata and testacea of Fabricius. Two of the species described by him have the posterior margin of the thorax sinuated, particularly opposite the scutellum. Mel. Areata differs slightly from the other species in this respect. My zealous entomological friend, Mr. Charles Darwin, of Shrewsbury, (among various Zoological treasures obtained during his interesting voyage, now on the eve of publication) has brought with him from Terra del Fuego, a valuable collection of insects, among which are some species of Ma- crosoma, and I hope, at a future time, to detail the generic characters more fully than I have been able to do from the specimens in the Banksian collection, which probably reached this country in a mutilated
state.
j i woh.
A jae 7 —_ % , 7 =~ a“ a> 3 F : a te ; = = ( - Fi i 7 - : } / : } -<—" , = i ba J + { . * i : vol . a 7 Fy 7 + 4 — 7 = 4 7 1
wh PaLN DA X.
LAMELLICORN BEETLES OF LINNEUS.
Linneus, in the Mantissa Plantarum, (published in 1771) has, inan appendix to that work, noticed, among various other insects, four species of Lamel- licorns, viz. Scarabeus Dichotomus, Claviger, Go- liathus, and Tetradactylus. As they are all incor- porated in the Systema Eleutheratorum of Fabricius, I did not think it necessary to attach them to the list of Linnean species, although they were origi- nally described by him.
Sp. 44. Calcaratus.—In a note relating to this insect I expressed an opinion that 1t might probably be a Dichelus. In a letter lately received from Monsieur Guérin, of Paris, he states his belief that it is a Sisyphus or an Onitis, leaving the question still undecided.
Sp. 47. Amazonus.—Monsieur Guérin feels con- fident that this insect is a Coprobius, I am yet inclined to attach it to the genus Cyclocephala.
The Scarabeus Amazonus ? of Drury is given by
by
Mr. Westwood in the new edition of the work of that author as the Cyclocephala signata, Fabr.
Sp. 55. Sepicola.n—A note from M. Guérin seems to confirm my opinion of Sepicola bemg an Anisoplia. ‘The mark of interrogation attached to this species therefore may be omitted.
Sp. 56. Syriacus.—Monsieur Guérin asserts that this species is not an Anisoplia but an Amphicoma, in which opinion he is probably correct.
Sp. 82. AWneus—The French Entomologists think that this species is probably a Dichelus from the Cape of Good Hope, more satisfactory intelli- gence may yet be expected concerning it from the
Swedish writers.
LAMELLICORN BEETLES OF FABRICIUS.
Sp. 20. Latebrosus.—The reader is referred to Mr. Kirby’s late work, The Fauna Boreali-Ameri- cana, for various interesting remarks on the Lamel- licorns contained therein, and as it will render the student some important service, by combining the latest published account of the species mentioned by Linneus and Fabricius, I shall briefly state the more important points alluded to in that publi- cation, taking them in the order in which they are
mentioned.
113
Type of the Genus. Prxipnota, MacLeay.
Sp. 76. Punctata.—Mr. Kirby remarks, in a note respecting the Rutelids, to which the above insect belongs, ‘‘ That the Rutelide exhibit the vertical presternum of the Dynastide, which is wanting in the Anoplognathide.’’ He therefore considers them, with Latreille, as more immediately connected with the former family, and has placed them accordingly. (Vid. Linnean Tables, Sp. 76.)
Sp. 72. Brunnea.—Now of the family Sericide. The establishment of the family Sericide is quite in accordance with my views. The description of a new genus belonging to it named Camptorhina by Mr. Kirby, is published with its details, to which also some valuable remarks on Serica M. L. are ap- pended at page 128. (Vid. Linnean Tables, Sp. 72.)
Spe. 77. Fulgida-— Mr. Kirby has given a full and ample description of this insect in English, and it is to be hoped that other entomologists, will adopt the plan of publishing English descriptions, taking care also to give a concise Latin one, that foreigners, as well as ourselves, may be able to derive benefit from what is published in this country. (Vide Fabri- cian Tables, Sp. 77.)
114
Sp. 13. Trichius piger, Fab.—Mir. Kirby, some time since, in the Zoological Journal, published his remarks on the Trichiide, and made piger, Fab. the | type of a subgenus. The name of ‘Trichinus too closely resembles Trichius. The reader is referred to the North American Fauna, page 136, for an account of several new species, and copious observa- tions respecting this interesting family. In the last mentioned work a new family of the Lamellicorns named Diplotaxide has been instituted by Mr. Kirby, and a new genus, bearing the name of Diche- lonycha has been separated from Macrodactylus, from which it is distinguished by having its maxille armed only with two teeth, the last joint of its palpi of a different shape, and its labium approaching to a square form; whereas in the latter genus the maxille are more conspicuous, and armed with three teeth, the last jomt of the palpi 1s subovate, and the labium is oblong and channelled. ‘The species seem confined to the northern parts of the New World. Three are described, the type bemg Melolontha
linearis, Herbst.
115
Lucanus 12.
Sp. 20. Piceus.—Mr. Kirby has given the generic name of Platycerus to the above insect, not aware, perhaps, that Mr. William Sharpe MacLeay has published it under the title of Ceruchus.
PassaLus 14.
Spe. 1. Lnterruptus.—This species, I am inclined to think, belongs peculiarly to South America, and never enters the United States, apparently the In- terruptus of Linneus and Fabricius are distinct insects. On turning to Monsieur Perchéron’s mo- nograph of Passalus, his remarks relating to the country it inhabits are as follows: ‘This species is common to Cayenne and intertropical America. I have observed in the collections which I have examined, some small individuals under the name of P. Ambegicus, it 1s impossible, however, to dis- cover any specific difference in them. ‘They are all from Colombia. He adds, “Je crois que cette espéce fait partie de la masse déja trop nombreuse de celles qui ne doivent leur existence qu’au désir de multiplier les espéces nouvelles, pour augmenter ses moyens d’échange, et dont on doit faire prompte et briéve justice.” (Vid. Perchéron’s Monographie des Passales, p. 45.)
{16 With respect to the Goliathide, I shall now attempt to draw up a few observations upon this interesting family, which I was precluded from doing when the former sheets were going through the
press, as I was absent from the metropolis, and
unable to have access to my cabinet.
GOLIATHIDZ. Thorace rotundato. Country. Thorace trapezoidal.
. Mecynorhina.
Goliathus Africa ‘ ; :
Dicronorhina Z Asia Rhomborhina. Dicronocephalus East India oJ umnos Tueas Brazil
N. G. (Heefneri Dej.)
SecT. 1.—‘* Thorax antice et postice angulis rotundatis.”
Genus. Goliathus.— Tibie antice ¢ imermes, ¢ extus tridentate, 4-posticee ¢ inermes, ¢ dente medio armatze maxillz lobo apicali corneo dentato.
The following species belong to this genus :
1 Goliathus giganteus, Kirby. Q ————— Drurn, Westwood. 3 ——— Cacicus, Olivier. 4 --- -—-— Regius, Klug.
5 —-~—-—- Princeps, Hope.
BT?
GouiaTHus Princers, Hope.
Long. Unc. 3. Lat. elytr. Une. 1. lin. 7.
Nigro-piceus capite 2-maculato, thorace vittato, scutello lateribus subalbidis, elytris late nigro- piceis lateribus et apicibus albis, tuberculis apica- libus nigris.
Habitat in Guinea. In museo nostro.
Caput antice subsinuatum, supra planum mar- ginibus reflexis, nigrum punctatissimum maculis duabus fere mediis fulvis.
_ Antenne nigre articulo basali rufo-hirto.
Mandibule subquadrate angulo antico externo in dentem parvum planum producto, lobo interno hirsuto.
Mazille cornee, lobo apicali corneo curvato acuto, extus pilosissimo, dentibus duobus internis armate.
Palp. maxiliares breves articulis 2 et 3 zqua- libus 4'° longiori apice subacuto.
Mentum magnum ad basin angustius antice valde emarginatum, lobo singulo valde transverse im- presso. |
Palpi labiales brevissimi, articulo extimo longiori - foveis menti anticis recepti.
Thorax piceo-niger punctatissimus punctis pos-
ticis majoribus sensim distantibus; margine antico,
118
in medio tuberculo acuto armatus, disco ante medium sub excavato, nitidus, vittis 7 albido-ochraceis, media abbreviata.
Scutellum leve lateribus albidis.
Elytra nigro-picea subrugosa, irregulariter sub- punctata, lateribus apiceque lato iridescenti-marga- ritaceis, tuberculo in singulo fere apicali nigro.
Corpus infra et pedes nigro-picea.
Tibie antice extus 3-dentate, 4 posticee In medio unidentatee, externe fulvo plosz.
I have given the name of Goliathus Princeps to the above species, as it differs in many points fromG. Regius figured by Professor Klug in Erman’s Voyage. In the present state of our knowledge it is difficult to decide with certainty whether the above described insect be the female of any of the already described, or of a still unknown, species. It is better therefore to give it a provisional name, although the insect is evidently a female, than let 1t remain unde- scribed. Ata future time it can be changed when more accurate information is obtained. It is almost impossible to convey, in Latin, an idea of the iride- scent colour of some of these Goliath Beetles, the ap- pearance of mother-of-pearl exactly corresponds with the pale portion of the elytra of the msect above
described. ‘The nature and causes of the colouring
119
matter with which so many of these insects are adorned, would form a very interesting subject of
inquiry.
Sect. 2.—Thorax trapezoidalis. Mercynoruina, Hope.
é Tibiz antice dentibus utrinque armate.
Tibieé intermediz dente parvo medio armate.
Type of the Genus. Go. PoLypHEemus, Fab.
A second species of this genus is in the possession of Mr. Joseph Hooker, of Glasgow. At present it
is undescribed.
Dicronoruina, Hope.
é Tibize anticee interne dentibus armatz, 4-pos- ticze Inermes. ¢ Tibiz antice externe dentibus tribus, 4-pos-
ticze unico medio armate.
Type of the Genus. Crronta Micans, Fab.
To this genus belong also Cet. 4-maculata, Oliv. (which is evidently the same as Gol. Daphnis Buquet,) and also Goliathus Grallii of the same
author.
120
RuompBoruina, Hope.
é Tibiz anticee inermes, quatuor postice dente | minutissimo medio. ¢ Tibie antice 2-dentate, 4-posticee dente ma-
jori unico, medio, armate.
Type of the Genus. Go.ttatHus Heros, Latreille.
To this genus belong the following species, namely, 2. Gol. Mellii (Melly Gory) 3. Gol. Opa- lina, Hope, which seems to be the same as Cet. Japonica, Siebold; 4. Gol. Hardwicku, Hope; 5. Gol. Roylii, Hope; 6. Cetonia Cincta of the
Zoological Journal.
Mimeta XanTHoRHINA, Hope (Vide page 76.)
M. viridis, nitida capite antice, thoracis elytro- rumque lateribus luteo-tinctis, corpore subtus cum pedibus fusco-testaceis.
Long. Corp. lin. 7.
Habitat in montibus Indie Neilgherry dictis.
Madras. In mus. nostr.
121
Species parva, magnitudine Mem. Blumei equa- lis. Supra viridis nitida, capite thoraceque sub lente punctatissimis, elytris punctis majoribus irre- gulariter dispositis, et in singulo elytro lineas 9 punctorum longitudinales, per paria digestas (1™° saturali.) Clypeus et margines thoracis et elytro- rum luteo-tincti. Antenne, palpi, pedes et corpus subtus totum, fusco-lutea, femoribus basi pallidiori-
bus. Podex viridis apice luteo.
Postscript.—It was not until after the preceding observations upon the Goliathide were printed that I obtained a knowledge of the genus Narycius of Dupont, published in one of the recent numbers of Guérin’s Magasin de Zoologie, which is the
cause of its omission.
FINIS.
G. NORMAN, PRINTER, MAIDEN LANE, COVENT GARDEN,
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7 I oF
“
ERRATA.
Page 16. Hzmorrhoidales, read Heemorrhoidalis.
3, 33. (71) Medea, read Media.
es 34. Anisodon, read Tessarodon.
» 7. (line 14) after cinereis add a comma.
» 66. Discoido, read discoide.
>» 74. Within, read with in.
» 74. Hydrobiiform, read Hydrobiform.
» 106. Rhombonyx, read Euchlora.
» 121. (line 1) Mem. Blumei, read Miin. Blumei. Plate 3. Tesserodon, read Tessarodon.
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THE
COLEOPTERIST’S MANUAL,
PART THE SECOND,
CONTAINING THE
PREDACEOUS LAND gp WATER
oF a *
a
BEETLES |
ae :
OF
LINNEUS AND FABRICIUS.
BY THE
REV. F. W. HOPE, M.A. FE.R.S. F.LS. F.ZS.
ETC. ETC.
LONDON: HENRY G. BOHN, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
MDCCCXXXVIII.
aa
DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.
FRONTISPIECE.—Manticora latipennis, Waterhouse.
TAD. ¥;
Fie. 1.—Apteroessa (Hope) grossa, Fabr. 1a, labrum; 1 5, mandible ; 1c, maxilla; 1 d, labium.
Fie. 2.—Calochroa crucigera, Hope.
Fie. 3.—Oxycheila bisignata, Guérin. (O. binotata, Laporte, nec Gray.)
Fie. 4.—Eurymorpha cyanipes, Hope. 4 a, labrum; 4 0, maxilla; 4c, labium.
Fie. 5.—Macrocheilus Bensoni, Kirby. 5 a, underside of the head.
Fig. 6.—Plochionus Bonsfilsii. 6a, labrum and mandibles; 6 0, maxilla; 6c, labium; 6 d, anterior tarsus.
TAB. II.
Comprising Carabideous genera, described in the Annulosa Javanica.
Fie. 1.—Dirotus subirideseens, MacLeay. 1 a, front of head above; 1 8, maxilla; 1c, labium; 1 d, trochanter and femur; 1 e, extre- mity of tarsi.
Fig. 2.—Gnathaphanus vulneripennis, Mac.Leay. 2a, front of head above; 2 b, maxillary palpus; 2 c, mentum ; 2 d, labial palpus.
Fig. 3.— Hypharpax lateralis, MacLeay. 3 a, labrum and mandibles; 3 b> maxilla; 3c, mentum; 3 d, labial palpus; 3 e, one of the four anterior tarsi.
Fie. 4.—Dioryche torta, MacLeay. 4 a, labrum and mandibles ;4 0, max- illa; 4c, labium; 4 d, basal joints of anterior tarsi beneath.
Fig. 5.—Hypheereon reflexus, MacLeay. 5 a, head above; 50, maxillary palpus: 5 c, mentum and labial palpus.
Fie. 6.—Czlostomus picipes, MacLeay. 6a, head above; 6), maxilla ; 6 c, mentum; 6 d, anterior tarsus.
TAB. III.
Fie. 1.—Craspedophorus (Hope) reflexus, Fabricius. 1 a, labrum and mandibles ; 1 6, mentum and labium.
Fig. 2.—Catascopus Withillii, Hope. 2a, labrum; 2 6, mandible; 2c, maxilla; 2d, labium.
Fie. 3.—Platysma striatulus, Fabricius. 3a, labrum; 36, mandibles; 3c, maxilla; 3 d, labium.
Fig. 4.—Pachymorpha orientalis. Hope.
Fig. 5.—Hyderodes Shuckardi, Hope. 5a, anterior tarsus; 5 6, interme- diate tarsus; 5 c, posterior tarsus.
Fie. 6.—Gloharia Leachii, ZLatreille. 6 a, Insect seen sideways; 6), labrum ; 6 c, mandible ; 6 d, maxilla; 6, labium; 6, an- tenna; 6 g, fore leg; 6 h, anterior tarsus; 6 2, posterior tarsus.
—
Bas
PREFACE.
From the unexpectedly rapid sale of the first part of the Manual, I am induced to attempt a second ; and should the same good fortune attend the present number as the former, provided health is given me, I shall be able to complete the re- mainder of the work at intervals of six months ; five Fasciculi forming the volume. An application from my bookseller for a second edition is the cause of the early appearance of the present part. I have not acceded to his request, being desirous of proceeding with the main work. If, however, when the whole is finished there is still a demand for a second edition, I shall be disposed to attend to it. The delay will undoubtedly enhance its value, as an extensive correspondence with the leading Entomologists of Europe has already afforded me valuable information on some Fabrician species — which are imperfectly known; and I have still reason to expect further communications from
Berlin, Copenhagen, and Paris. From my friend
V1 PREFACE.
Dr. Erichson of Berlin, I have lately received the offer of the loan of his Manuscripts on Fabrician Insects, in which are noted down many observations — made during a careful examination of the Copen- hagen Collections; for the liberal offers of the above individual I cannot feel sufficiently thankful, as the value of the annotations will be appreciated by all those who happen to know the accuracy of the work entitled, ‘‘ Die Kafer der Mark Branden- burg, beschrieben von Wilh. Fred. Erichson.” Before entering on any remarks relating to the present number, I think it right to mention two objections brought against the Manual by some of my correspondents. They are as follows: first, “that there are no systematic tables of the family and genera given;” and secondly, “too much im- portance has been given to the Lamellicorns as a group.” With regard to the first objection, I admit it; the only cause of the omission was a thorough conviction that it was utterly impossible to combine satisfactorily the views of different writers, unless I created several new genera, and formed almost an entire new arrangement. Now as such an arrangement will be attempted by me at a future period, when more leisure can be bestowed on the
ecessary investigation, I pass to the second objec-
PREFACE. Vii
tion, viz. that ‘‘ too much importance is attributed to the Lamellicorns as a group.” Against this charge I must beg leave to enter my dissent; and in reply- ing to it, I feel compelled, partly in self-defence, to obtrude my opinions on the modern arrangement of insects, ‘‘if rightly viewed they may probably be adopted, if wrongly let them fall.” Linneus, Fabricius, and Olivier placed at the head of insects the Lamellicorns; most modern writers commence with the Cicindelide, or Tiger Beetles, (Euptera of Kirby). Differmg from the latter systematists, neither am I inclined to side entirely with the former ; for after a rigid examination into the prin- ciples of modern classification, I candidly confess I agree with.no one author, as the nervous system, according to my views, does not appear to have been sufficiently attended to. If a system of cir- cular distribution be admitted, we may as well commence with the Lamellicorns as any other group. But there are sufficient reasons why the Lamellicorns should precede Cicindela or Carabus. It is not merely the simple structure of the stomach, it is not their vast bulk or strength, (on which little stress can be laid,) but it is in the important func- tions they perform, it is in relation to the econo-
mical purposes of the human race, that they ought
Vill PREFACE.
to take precedence. ‘They are of greater utility to man than nearly all other groups, in checking the over-luxuriance of tropical vegetation ; in reducing to powder the mightiest monarchs of the forest; in purifying the air by burying all that is noxious and disgusting; and at the same time they give fertility to the land, by carrying to the roots of vegetation the richest of manures. As to numbers, both of genera and species, they greatly surpass the Cicindelide, or even the Carabide; and in the number of individuals of species, they appear among the most prolific of insects. As examples of utility ef the group in warm climates, we have only to mention the genera Xylotrupes, Copris, Ontho- phagus, Melolontha, Euchlora, and Mimela; while in colder regions we may mention Geotrupes and Aphodius. But other. writers hold different views ; and it may be worth while to state their opinions. The following are the chief reasons assigned for placing the Cicindelide first: ‘‘’There are beetles of vast bulk and strength, (elephants in the class of insects, ) which are distinguished neither by the swiftness of their motion, nor by the elegance of their forms ; others there are, less clumsy indeed and gigantic, but remarkable for the perfection and
symmetry of their structure, the lightness and velo-
PREFACE. 1X .
city of their motions, both on the earth and in the air, and for the splendour and brilhancy of their colours ; such, with only one or two exceptions, are the Euptera, or tiger beetles. Among the higher animals the lion, chief of the predaceous quadrupeds, is usually accounted the king of beasts; a similar reason will justify modern Entomologists for re- garding the Cicindelide as the typical and most perfect form amongst insects (especially Coleoptera), instead of the Lamellicorns which Linneus has elevated to that rank.”
It will be seen from the above extract, derived
from an able and learned work of the present day,
that the arguments are chiefly drawn from the ex- ternal organization of insects, viz. the superior de- velopement either of the manducatory organs, or from the symmetry and agility of the species, or from the form as well as the carnivorous habits of the insects, evincing as it does an approximation
to the classification of the vertebrated classes of
creation. The precedence therefore assigned to
the Cicindelide in modern arrangements, would appear to arise from the adoption of the same prin- ciples which it is asserted induce Naturalists to place the Feline and Accipitrine tribes at the head
of their respective classes. Had general internal
mr PREFACE.
organization been added to the above claims in favour of precedence, I should certainly have been disposed to allow more weight to the arguments adduced. Burmeister, Dufour, and others, have certainly paid some attention to the internal anatomy of insects; but their selection has been of a parti- cular organ for classification, and not the general anatomy. ‘The organ selected was the alimentary canal; and accordingly as its length varied, being short in the carnivorous species, and long in the herbivorous, so they have partly allowed these facts to operate on classification. ‘The length of the alimentary canal, however, cannot be decisive of the habits of an animal, or a vegetable feeder in the class Insecta; nor do I think that the alimentary canal is a proper criterion on which to found a scientific arrangement, either in the verte- brated or invertebrated animals; since, although the characters derived from it may hold good in many instances, the exceptions with regard to Insecta are far too numerous to justify any reliance upon it. If the alimentary canal be taken as a leading character, it will place those with the shortest canal, the true carnivorous animals, above the omnivorous; indeed man himself, if the rule is
strictly followed out, will be placed below the feline
oe ‘oe r
PREFACE. Xl
tribes ; at all events some of the Quadrumana (that are entirely vegetable feeders) will be placed below the lions and tigers. Such an arrangement is not natural. As to the arguments in favour of the precedence of Cicindelide from symmetry of struc- ture and agility, if any weight could be attached to them, we should have the antelope and light
gazelle taking precedence of all the vertebrata.
Having thus briefly stated my objections, it will probably be asked what new system I have to pro-
pose.* Without attempting a new one, I recom-
* In corroboration of the above opinion, I subjoin an extract from a letter received from the author of the Paper on Sphinx Li- gustri. Vid. Philosophical ‘Transactions.
‘¢ It has long struck me that the principle on which modern Ento-
mologists have founded their arrangements are quite assumed and
arbitrary, and by no means natural or in accordance with those great
principles upon which comparative anatomists have attempted to arrange the vertebrated classes of creation. In all the arrangements of Insects there have appeared to me some true and some false principles intermixed, and no one great principle has been entirely followed out when commenced with, but has been interfered with by the introduction of other principles of secondary or minor importance. This appears to have arisen from the generality of Entomologists being little acquainted with the internal structure of Insects and other Invertebrata, and in consequence they have taken nearly all the cha- racters employed in their arrangements from the exterior of the animals; indeed, in almost all instances, external form has been regarded in the arrangement, and no uniform physiological principle or reference to internal anatomy has been followed. The nervous system indeed is almost entirely disregarded.” — Newport in littervs.
x11 PREFACE.
mend recurring to one that has been in many instances departed from. We ought in every division of the animal kingdom to look for one great principle, or basis of arrangement, in a struc- ture which exists throughout nearly the whole of the animal creation ; and which structure, both as regards its anatomical and physiological develope- ment, becomes gradually of more and more impor- tance, as we trace it upwards from the lowest beings in which it exists to the highest. This structure, I need scarcely remark, is the nervous system ; but although it constituted the chief character, or principle followed by Naturalists in the arrange- ment of the vertebrated animals, it has very singu- larly been much deviated from by them, and is rendered of scarcely more than secondary considera- tion in their arrangements of the Invertebrata.
It is with reference, then, to the comparative developement of the nervous system that I would attempt to arrange insects, since I have no doubt, that when we have become better acquainted with the forms of their nervous system, the characters will be found as marked in them as in the Verte- brata. In following this mode of arrangement it will be seen, that some of the vegetable feeders will
stand before the carnivorous. ‘Thus the Lamelli-
PREFACE. Xl
corns may very properly be placed at the head of the Coleoptera, from which there will be traced a transition through the Hydradephaga, to the Ne- crophaga, &c. &c. to the Geodephaga and other classes. It may be objected by some persons, that Insects are too minute for such investigations, and that few will have the courage to undertake the task of examination. To this objection I reply, that much has already been done, and much more may confidently be expected. If we look abroad, and examine the writings of the Continental authors on the Invertebrata, we shall find much to admire, in the elaborate investigations of an Herold and a Straus Durckheim, much to glean from the works of a Treviranus, of a Chabrier, a Dufour, and an
Audouin. If we look at home, we cannot but ap-
-preciate the labours of an Owen, a Grant, a New-
port, and a Rymer Jones ; and others, I trust, will yet be found labouring for the same desired end, the establishment of a uniform and more natural system of Classification than we at present possess, a system, perhaps, which we never can _ perfectly realize, but which may certainly be very much in advance of that which we now tolerate.
Having above stated my opinions, it is now high
time to allude to the Families which will form
X1V PREFACE.
the subject-matter of this second part of my Manual.
The group under consideration has been deno- — minated the Adephaga; the first sub-group of which are the Cicindeloidea, which, according to my views, consist of four families, the Manticoride, the Megacephalide, Cicindelide, and Collyride. As I am not satisfied with the published arrange- ment of any one author as a whole, I have, in the following groups, taken advantage of the labours of my predecessors, sometimes following one and some- times another, according as their views coincide with mine, or where I consider they have more ably threaded the intricate labyrinths of Nature than myself.
It should ever be the chief object of writers on Natural History, to make their groups as conform- able to nature as possible: human systems ever must be artificial and imperfect, indeed it is presumptuous in man to fancy that he can attempt a system uni- form with nature in all its bearmgs. How can a finite being comprehend the wisdom of Omniscience, or even the exquisite perfection of creation’s works, conceived by a Power that is infinite as well as incomprehensible.
The author of this Preface hopes that, in the
PREFACE. XV
composition of the Families and Groups, no very _ great anomalies will occur. He is aware of the dif- ficulty of the undertaking, and will undoutedly err like his predecessors; many gaps and apparent omissions will necessarily appear in the grouping of the Families, deficiencies which future discoveries will no doubt assist to rectify. To return however to Groups, [ have stated above that the Cicinde- loidea was the first sub-group of the Adephaga, which latter has naturally been subdivided into two groups, the Terrestrial and Aquatic Adephaga; the former has received the denomination of Geode- phaga, and comprehends the Cicindelidous and Carabideous families: the latter also has been named by Mr. MacLeay, Hydradephaga, and in- cludes the Genera Dyticus and Gyrinus of Linneus. The next important group which follows the Aquatic Adephaga, has been denominated Rypophaga by Mr. Stephens (i. e. the Cleansers), from the impor- tant functions they perform in removing animal and vegetable putrescence. This group has also been divided into three minor groups, viz. the Philydrida, the Necrophaga, and Brachelytra; preferring the arrangement of Mr. Stephens, who adopts the two former, I leave the latter for the termination of the
Coleoptera.
Xvl PREFACE.
Before concluding this Preface, I take the oppor- tunity of publicly thanking Dr. Horsfield for his liberal views and kindness in forwarding this Ma- — nual. Whilst engaged in grouping the Families of the ground beetles I was repeatedly at a loss where to place several of Mr. MacLeay’s genera, published in the Annulosa Javanica; by Dr. Horsfield’s ready attention to my wishes, I was enabled to examine the rich collection in the India House, and had his permission to figure those forms which, though pub- lished, are little known to the Entomologists of the Continent. Instead, however, of giving the generic details here, I beg to refer the reader to the above - excellent work. ‘The drawings were made by Mr. Westwood, and are accurately engraved by Mr. Swaine. I therefore trust that the plates will not be the least interesting part of the present num- ber, as they will tend to clear up many difficulties,
and give an increased value to the publication.
Since my manuscripts were in the printer's hands, Monsieur Aube has published a volume on Aquatic Coleoptera. Reference should be made to that work, which is evidently a great improvement on
that of the Baron De Jean’s “ Spécies Général des Coleopteres.”
1.
2 3 4 5. 6 7
Lite Ty? ue Deis ee —t
Genus CICINDELA of Linnevs.
Linnean Species.
Campestris
. Hybrida - Capensis
. Germanica
Virginica
- Carolina
. Equinoctialis
Sylvatica Maura Riparia Flavipes Rupestris 4-maculata
Aquatica
Country.
England North Wales P. B.S.
Isle of Wight Carolina
N. America Surinam England Algiers England France England Germany
England
CICINDELIDZ of Leach.
CICINDELOIDEA of Hope.
Genera of Authors.
Cicindela, Linneus. Cicindela, Linneus. Cicindela, Linneus.
Cylindera, Westwood.
| Tetracha, Westwood.
Tetracha, Westwood. Tetracha, Westwood. Cicindela, Linneus. Cicindela, Linneus. Elaphrus, Fabricius. Bembidium, Illiger. Peryphus, Megerle. Lopha, Megerle. Nothiophilus, Dumeril.
premguet™
REMARKS AND ANNOTATIONS
ON THE
LINNEAN CICINDELID &.
Species 1. Campestris.*—From the foregoing
tables it will appear that only fourteen species
* For an account of various species of Cicindela described by Swedish writers, I refer the reader to Schonherr’s Synonymia Insec- torum ; to Thunberg’s Musaeum Upsualiense, page 51; to Forskall’s “Travels in Egypt, and to a Memoir published in the Stockholm Transactions, in 1799, by de Ljunch. Of German writers let him consult the Magazines of Wiedemann and Germar; the Symbole Physice of Klug; the Zoologischer Atlas of Eschcholtz, and the Deutschlands Fauna of Sturm. Amongst French writers, the works of Olivier and Latrielle ; the Species General des Coleopteres by the Baron de Jean; the Magazine of Guerin; Les Etudes Entomolo- giques par Monsieur de Laporte, and the Hist. Nat. des Insectes par Audouin et Brulle; La Centurie de Carabiques par Gory; La Revue Entomologique par Silberman. Les Coleopteres du Mexique par Chevrolat ; the Entomological part of Duperrey’s Voyage autour du Monde, as well as that of the Scientific Expedition to the Morea by Monsieur Brulle, and the Annales de la Societé Entomologique de France, Amongst the Russian authorsmay be mentioned L’ Entomo- graphie de la Russie par M. Fischer, tab. 1.2. 3. Of American works the reader may consult the Monograph of Say on the Cicindelidz of North America, published in the New Series of the Philadelphian Transactions ; Say’s American Entomology, and lastly a description
Be
4;
were ranged by Linneus under the generic term of Cicindela, nine of them at present belong to the Cicindeloidea, while the remaining five are ranked under the Caraboidal families usually denominated Ground Beetles.
Perhaps no one group of Insects evinces more the rapid progress which Entomology has made of late years than the Cicindelide. Fabricius, uni- ting the Collyride with that family, enumerates but 67 species. The Baron De Jean in his first Catalogue published in 1821, mentions 67 species and in his last (bearing the date of 1837) about 278. Dr. Gistl of Munich in the first Fasciculus of his Systema Insectorum (which does not include the whole genera composing the group) mentions the same number of species, viz. 278. It is pro- bable that '70 others will be added in his second
of some new species mentioned in the Journal of the Academy of Sciences at Philadelphia by the same author. Of English writers, who treat of our indigenous species, I name for reference the works of Messrs. Stephens and Curtis, and particularly the invaluable Systematic Catalogue of the former writer. As to Exotic species consult the Annulosa Javanica by Mr. MacLeay, the Fauna Boreali Americana by Mr. Kirby, a new New Holland genus in Selby’s Journal by Mr. Westwood, and also the Introduction to the Modern Classification of Insects by the same author ; lastly, the Coleopteral part of the Zoological Miscellany by myself, wherein are described the oriental species of the collection of General Hardwicke.
me
Fasciculus of the above work, and if we allow that there are in the different European collections about 50 which are undescribed, the total number known will be about 4,00 species, and this amount is evi- dently far short of what may yet be expected to occur, as Naturalists are, comparatively speaking, unacquainted with the Entomology of many very extensive regions, situated in Asia, Africa, and the two Americas.
Sp. 2. Hybrida.—For determining accurately this species which was originally recorded by Linneus, the reader is referred to Mr. Stephens’s excellent work, “ The Illustrations of British Entomology, ” and also to the Histoire Naturelle des Insectes par Audouin and Brulle, vide vol. 1. p. 65.—Cicindela aprica Stephens is the true Hybrida of Linneus, and Cic. Hybrida of Stephens is a variety of the Linnean Hybrida. The Linnean specimen is already figured in the frontispiece of Mr. Westwood’s “ Introduc- tion to the Modern Classification of Insects.”
Sp. 4. Germanica.—Now of the genus Cylindera Westwood ; according to that author this species is made the type of the genus. M. M. Audouin and Brulle seem to have confounded the genus Odon-
tocheila of Mons. Laporte with Cylindera; which
6
is erroneous, the latter apparently confining itself to Europe in the Old World, while the former
seems peculiar to the southern regions of the New —
World.
Sp. 5, 6, and '7.—All of them originally be- longing to Latreille’s genus Megacephala and now to Mr. Westwood’s genus ‘Tetracha, the major part of the species inhabit North and South America as well as some Islands of the New World: the fol-
lowing genera compose the family.
MEGACEPHALIDE, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Megacephala, Latreille | Senegal C. Senegalensis, Linneus. 2. Tetracha, Westwood N.&S. America | C. Carolina, Linneus. 3. Aniara, Hope Cayenne C. Sepulchralis, Fabricius.
The Megacephalidze belong to the Old and New World, the true type of the first genus is Meg. Senegalensis, Lat; which in the French Encyclo- peedie, Mons. Serville has named Aptema, as it is apterous. Meg. Euphratica and 4-signata, closely allied to the former, are undoubtedly winged spe- cles, we have therefore two sections of the group,
which may be described as follows.
a eee ee eee eee
Genus 1. MrGAcEPHALA (stricte sic dicta) in- habits the Old World, and forms the group (Aptema of Serville). |
(Mandibles with three apical teeth).
SECTION 1. Corpus apterum elytris postice dila- tatis, humeris thoracis latitudini equalibus. Species Meg. Senegalensis.
Sec. 2.—Corpus alatum elytris in medio lati- oribus, humeris (sc. angulis anticis) magis promi- nentibus, thorace latioribus. Species Meg. 4-signata
and Euphratica.
Genus 2. Tetracua.— Westwood.—Inhabits the New World. .
(Mandibles with four apical teeth).
(Typus Cic. Carolina, Linneus. )
Genus 3. Antara, Hope.—Type of the genus C. sepulchralis, Fab. This insect diverging from Megacephala and Tetracha, I consider as the type of a sub-genus, it differs chiefly from the latter in the following particulars. First, it 1s of a more convex form than other known species having the
elytra scarcely more dilated than the thorax, near
8
the extremity of the apex they are subsinuated and subacuminate, while in Tetracha they are rounded. The head and antenne are in proportion shorter - than in Tet. Carolina and other allied species, while the upper lip also projects, is more rounded and armed with four small teeth. Mons. Lacordaire states that the habits of this species differ from the Megacephalide, as it is usually found running among the herbage in sandy situations and rarely is seen to fly. The typical species is named Sepul- chralis; I apply to it the name of aviapos tristis, as it is almost the only dark species of Megacephala of my acquaintance.
Sp. 10. Riparia.—Now of the Fabrician genus Elaphrus. Mr. Stephens is apparently the first Entomologist who considered these Insects entitled to rank as a family. Mons. Laporte has I think injudiciously united them to the Nebriade, and in this opmion M. M. Audouin and Brulle seem to agree. Mr. Kirby is of a different opinion and coincides with Mr. Stephens, and adds several pertinent observations respecting the Elaphridae, to which the readeris referred. Vide Fauna Boreali Americana, p. 60. The following genera belong to the family.
Evapurip&, Stephens.
(Fitipatria, Kirby.)
Genera. | Country. | Typical Species. 1. Nothiophilus, Dumeril England Cic. Aquaticus, Linneus. 2. Elaphrus, Fabricius England Cie. Riparius, Zinneus. 3. Opisthius, Kirby N. America Op. Richardsoni, Kirby. 4. Elethisa, Bonelle England Car. Multipunctata, Fab. 5. Pelophila, De Jean Sweden Car. Borealis, Fabricius. 6. Metrius, E’schscholtz California El Contractus, Eschscholtz.
It appears that the genera composing this family belong almost entirely to Northern climates, they seem peculiar (as far as is known at present) to Northern Europe and to North America. In warmer regions I am inclined to think that Catas- copus takes the place of Elaphrus. It is certain that some of the species belonging to the former genus abound in marshy places and on banks of rivers ; should it eventually appear that a large pro- portion of the species of Catascopus frequent such localities, there cannot be a doubt of the connection of the above genera. The Baron De Jean has arranged Catascopus between ‘Thyreopterus and Graphiptera, with thelatter it can have little rela-
tion, and certainly it does appear singular for a
10
natural arrangement that the Scaritide and Grand Carabi should be placed between Catascopus and Elaphrus.*
Sp. 11, 12, and 13.—All these insects belong to the Bembidiide, as they will be alluded to more par- ticularly in my remarks on the Caraboidea, I pass them at present.
Sp. 14. Aquatica. — Now a Notheophilus of Dumeril. In addition to the authorities (for the various Elaphride) recommended in the foregoing note, the Zoologischer Atlas of Eschscholtz and the Deutschlands Fauna by Sturm should also be
consulted.
* For the species of Elaphrus, vid. Insecta Sueccia by Gyllenhal De Jean Species, t. 2. page 269. et Icon. pl. 85. fig.2. Say’s North American Insects and Philadelphia Transactions, tab. 2._Germar’s Magazine Le Bulletin de la Soc. des Natur. de Moscow, 1829. Messrs. Stephens and Curtis’s British Entomology, and also the Fauna Boreali Americana, page 60-64.
Genus CINCIDELA of Fasricius.
CICINDELIDZ of Leach.
CICINDELOIDEA of Hope.
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors.
1. Grossa Coromandel Apteroessa, Hope.
2. Heros Pacific Isles Cicindela, Linneus. 3. Labiata Pacific Isles Therates, Latreiile. 4. Violacea Carolina Cicindela, Linneus. 5. Cyanea East Indies Therates ?
6. Megalocephala Senegal Megacephala, Latreille. 7. Virginica Virginia | Tetracha, Westwood. 8. Carolina N. America Tetracha, Westwood. 9. Sepulchralis Cayenne Aniara, Hope.
10. Bicolor Calcutta Calochroa, Hope.
11. Campestris England Cicindela, Linneus.
12. Maroccana Morocco
13. Hybrida England SS
14. Sinuata Austria
15. Sylvatica England
16. Maura Barbary —_——
17. Littoralis France SRaEERaE
18. Tristis Brazils Oxycheila, De Jean.
19. Interrupta Sierra Leone Calochroa, Hope.
20. Lunulata P. B.S. Cicindela, Linneus.
21. Melancholica Guinea —-
22. Lurida P. B. 8. ——
23. Chinensis China Calochroa, Hope.
24. Analis Sumatra Heptodonta, Hope.
25. Semivittata Sumatra Calochroa, Hope.
26. Flexuosa Spain Cicindela, Linneus. 27. Capensis Pe Be
28. Abdominalis Carolina Cylindera ?
29. Germanica Germany Cylindera, Westwood.
30. Obscura N. America Cicindela, Linneus. 31. Micans N. America
32. Tuberculata New Zealand
33. Unipunctata N. America a
34. Bipunctata |S. America | Odontocheila, Laporte.
12
Fabrician Species.
35. Chrysis
36. 4-punctata 37. 6-punctata 38. Aurulenta 39. 4-lineata 40. Cincta
41. Vittata
42. Biramosa 43. Marginalis 44. Punctulata 45. 6-guttata 46. Catena
47. Longipes 48. Marginata 49. 10-guttata 50. Suturalis ol. 8-guttata o2. Argentata oo. Viduata o4. Trifasciata 55. Angulata 56. Funesta 57. Holosericea 58. Interrupta 59. Cajennensis 60. Aquinoctialis 61. Guttula 62. Flavilabris 63. Fasciata 64. Minuta
Country.
S. America Java Madras Sumatra Singapore Senegal Guinea Concan Canada Carolina Virginia
| Kast Indies
a
Tranquebar Virginia
Java
Isle St. Thomas Sierra Leone? S. America Sumatra Cayenne Tranquebar East Indies Java
Java
Cayenne Surinam Pacific Isles Pacific Isles Pacific Isles East Indies
Genera of Authors.
Odontocheila, Laporte. Prothyma, Hope. Calochroa, Hope.
Cicindela, Linneus. Calochroa, Hope. Calochroa, Hope. Cicindela, Linneus.
Abroscelis, Hope.
Cicindela, Linneus. Calochroa’? Hope. Cicindela, Linneus.
Cylindera, Westwood. Cicindela, Linneus.
~-_——
Cicindela, Linneus. Calochroa, Hope. Odontocheila, Laporte. Tetracha, Westwood. _ Cicindela ? Guerin. Therates, Latrielle. Therates, Latrielle. Cicindela, Linneus.
COLLYRIS of Fasricivus.
1. Longicollis 2. Aptera 3. Formicaria
CouuivuRis of Latreille.
CoLLYRID# of Hope.
Siam East Indies Brazils
Collyris, Fabricius. Collyris, Fabricius. Ctenostoma, Klug.
REMARKS AND ANNOTATIONS
ON THE
FABRICIAN CICINDELOIDEA.
Sp. Grossa.—The Baron De Jean has expressed his opinion in his Species General des Coleopteres that the above insect is probably a Dromica, be- lieving it however to be the representative in Asia of the African Dromica. I am inclined to make it the type of a new genus, which I have named Apteroessa, as it belongs to the Apterous section; the generic characters will appear in their proper place at the end of this Fasciculus, along with various other instituted sub-genera.
My friend Mr. Kirby, in the commencement of his Fauna Boreali Americana, under his section Euptera places his three sub-tribes, viz. Longicollia (Colliuris), Brevicollia (Cicindela), and Fissicollia (Manticora); with this arrangement I am inclined
to differ, and suggest that the Manticoride either
14
stand by themselves, or that the term Euptera be changed to Ocypoda, which will characterise ad- mirably the three sub-tribes ; such cannot be said of the term Euptera when some of the genera of the Manticoride and others of the Cicindelide are apterous.
As we are now considering those groups of insects which have been most studied by Entomo- logists, perhaps a concise view of the arrangement of Authors may here be attempted, as well as an outline of the table of the sub-genera composing the family Cicindelide. After the tables each of the
genera will be separately commented on.
CICINDELID.
15
(Divisio prima Corpus Apterum.)
Genera.
1. Dromica, De Jean 2. Apteroessa, Hope 3. EKurymorpha, Hope
Country.
P. B.S: Coromandel
Madagascar ?
C.
Typical Species.
Coarctata, Latreille.
C. Grossa, Fabricius.
E. Cyanipes, Hope.
(Divisio 2da. Corpus alatum.)
4. Oxycheila, De Jean 5. Iresia, De Jean 6.. Euprosopus, Latreille 7. Odontocheila, Laporte 8. Plochiocera, Hope 9. Cicindela, Linneus 10. Abroscelis, Hope 11. Calochroa, Hope 12. Distipsidera, Westwood » § Therates, Latreille Q : EKurychile, Bonelli § 14. Cylindera, Westwood 15. Oxygonia, Mannerheim 16. Heptodonta, Hope
Brazils
Rio Janeiro Brazils Cayenne Brazils Europe
Java
East Indies New Holland
New Guinea
England Colombia East Indies.
C. C. . 4-notata, De Jean.
. Lacordairei, De Jean. . Nodicornis, De Jean.
© [6uCer@.- OO, O.O
Tristris, Fabricius. Lacordairei, De Jean.
> Campestris, Linneus. - Longipes, Fabricius. . 8-notata, Wiedemann. . Undulata, Westwood.
. Labiata, Fabricius.
. Germanica, Linneus. - Schonherri, Mannerheim . Analis, Fabricius.
1. Dromica, De Jean.
The species of Dromica are few in number and
appear to belong exclusively to the southern part of
the African Continent, but three are recorded by
the Baron De Jean in his last catalogue. I have
however recognised a fourth in one of our English
collections.
16
2. ApTeRoEssa, Hope.
The Baron De Jean appears to be acquainted ~ only with Olivier’s figure, never having seen the real insect, or he would not have considered Cic. Grossa as a true Dromica. Apteroessa approaches in form Megacephala, and may be regarded as
representing Dromica in Asia.
3. Eurymorrua, Hope.
I am ignorant of the true locality of this remark- able insect. I have given Madagascar as its country with a doubt. It is certainly one of the most remarkable forms to be found among the Cicinde- lidee, the name is derived from evpvs and popdn,
from its exceedingly dilated form.
4. OxycueILa, De Jean.
Only five species of Oxycheila have been described, in habits they approach Cicindela, their flight how- ever is less rapid, and during the heat of the day they shelter themselves under stones. According to Mons. Lacordaire when captured they produce a sharp noise by rubbing the posterior thighs against the edge of their scaly elytra. I have
figured one species, which will be found among the
17
new genera at the end of this fasciculus under the name of Oxych. Laportei. Mons. Guerin in the Dictionaire Pittoresque d’Hist. Nat. Tom. 6, p. 572, mentions a species named by him Oxycheila bisig-
nata.
5. Iresta, De Jean.
The Baron De Jean originally gave the term Ire- sia. It should however have been written Hiresia. Three species are recorded in Gistl’s Systema Insec- torum; they are found on the leaves of trees and are exceedingly rapid in flight. A fourth species is described by the Comte De Mannerheim in his excellent Memoire sur quelques genres et especes
de Carabiques.
6. Eurrosorus, Latreille.
Only one species of this elegant genus appears to be known; a second equally brilliant, if not more splendid, has fallen under my inspection. It was
brought to this country by Mr. Lance, from Surinam.
7. OpontocHEILa, Laporte.
Nearly 30 species belong to this genus: evidently they require further subdivision. A remark is
C
18
made in Dr. Gistl’s Systema Insectorum that one of the species feeds on vegetation. Is this a pecu-
liarity of the genus or not?
8. Piocnutocera, Hope.
I have separated the Cic. nodicornis D. J. from Odontocheila of Laporte, and have formed it into a subgenus, attaching the name of Plochiocera, derived from aAoktos twisted, and kepas. In habits it resembles the former genus, it differs chiefly in having the first article of the antenne of the male dilated, or knotted, and in the truncation of the front of the short upper lip. In other respects it accords with Odontocheila, which has the upper lip
as long and acute at the tip, as in Oxycheila.
9. CicInDELA, Linneus.
After detaching Odontocheila from Cicindela more than 200 species remain huddled together under that term. The Baron De Jean has attempted sundry sections ; they are not however characterised, and still remain in great confusion. Cic. analis Fab. affords from its form and 7-toothed labium sufficient marks for forming asub-genus, and might appropri-
ately be named Heptodonta.
19
10. ABroscE is, Hope.
The Fabrician description of Cic. longipes is almost sufficient to separate it from other species of Cicindela. I originally in my MSS. gave it the name of Podabra, which as it is used by Schonherr, I change to that of Abroscelis. The following short characters may beconsidered sufficient, as the type is well known; Corpus subcylindricum thorace qua- drato, postice subdilatato, elytris denticulatis, femo- ribus posticis fere longitudine corporis. To this sub-genus belong Cic. tenuipes Guerin, and other Indian species. A singular species lately received from Professor Klug, bearing the name of Cic. graphiptera belongs apparently to this genus, it is remarkable by its broad upper lip and large poste-
rior trochanters.
11. Catocuroa, ffope.
Many of the insects of the Baron De Jean’s fifth division belong to this genus. In my MSS. I have given it the name of Colochroa from xaAos and xpoa as the major part of the species are adorned with rich colours. The following characters will
designate it: ‘‘ Corpus subdepressum labro pruducto c2
20
quinque dentato, femoribus posterioribus longitudine modicis.” To this genus belong Cic. 8-notata Wiedemann, Chinensis Fab. De Jeanii Hope, and Princeps of Vigors. It may here be mentioned that the species of this genus are deservedly reckoned amongst the most beautiful and splendid insects of
our Cabinets.
12. DistiesipErRA, Westwood.
This new genus exhibits the characters of several of the groups of Cicindelide ; from Cicindela it is distinguished by the large size of the labrum, the unarmed mentum, the large labial palpi, the short antenne, &c. ‘The same characters remove it from QOdontocheila Laporte, of which it has the external habit, but a different thorax. From The- rates which it also much resembles, it is removed by thelarge labial palpi, simple fourth joint of the tarsi, and by having an external maxillary palpus. F rom Dromica its peculiar form and labrum remove it. It appears most nearly allied to Kuprosopus and Hire- sia; agreeing with the former in the structure of the labial palpi, but differing in the labrum and mentum, and resembling Hiresia in the form of the body and
in the peculiar style of punctuation on the elytra,
21
but having very different palpi. Vid. Jardineand Selby’s Magazine, vol. 1, p. 252, for further ample
details, and an excellent figure.
13. Tuerates, Latreille.
There are about 10 known species of Therates, apparently they are confined to New Guinea, Java,
New Holland, and some of the Polynesian Isles.
14. CyLInpDERA, Westwood.
M. M. Audouin and Brulle appear to have con- founded Odontocheila with Cylindera ; the follow- ing species belong to the latter genus, viz. C. sca- laris of Latreille, Tenuisof Steven, gracilis of Pallas
and various others.
15. Oxyconia, Mannerhewm.
This is an insect of the New World, I am only acquainted with the Author’s description. In its form it approaches Therates, but is evidently more
allied to Euprosopus. The name is derived from
o&vus and yovu signifying sharp-kneed.
16. Heproponta, Hope.
See the description of the genus under C. Analis,
Species 24.
Sp. 2. Heros.—According to Vanderlinden this species is ranked by him as a true Cicindela ; the description of Fabricius inclines me to think it approaches ‘Therates. As I have never seen the insect 1 cannot speak decidedly respecting that point, it certainly varies from the type of Cicindela.
Sp. 3. Labiata.—Now a Therates of Latreille. Bonelli of Turi gave the name of Eurychile to designate these remarkable insects, as the former name has the claim of priority in its favour, the latter is abandoned. Jor an account of the species belonging to the genus, the reader may consult Bonelli Mem. de Academ. de Turin, tab. 23. p, 248. Vanderlinden, sur les Cicindeles de Java. The Annulosa Javanica by Mr. W. Sharpe, Mac- Leay and Guerin’s Magazine, tab. 1. n. 39.
Sp. 5. Cyanea.—From the concise Fabrician description [ am inclined to think that this insect
may be a Therates, it was originally described from
23
Vahl’s collection. Latreille makes mention of a species which he names Cyanea; can they be the same, as both are from the East Indies?
Sp. 6. Megalocephala.—For the sake of euphony the word Megacephala is used instead of the former.
Sp. 9. Sepulchrais.—In my MSS. I formerly gave the name of Scythropa as a generic name to the above species, as it is previously used by Schon- herr in his Curculionide, I have substituted the name of Aniara from aviaposmestus. ‘There cannot be a doubt that the species (described by the Baron De Jean as Meg. variolosa) is the same as C. sepulchralis, Fab.
Sp. 10. Bicolor.—There are three msects from the East Indies very similar in their appearance, -yiz. Cic. bicolor above mentioned, the second is Cic. pulchella Hope, described in the Synopsis of the new species of Nepaul insects in the collection of Major General Hardwicke, and the last is a new species lately received from my friend Col. Whithill from the Concan which I propose to name after him, the description will be added. All the three belong to the genus Calochroa, the type of which I make Cic. 8-notata, Wiedemann.
Calochroa Whithilla. Long. lin. 7. lat. lin. 23. —
_ Viridis, sutura lateribus elytrorum pallidioribus
24
nitidis, elytris unipunctatis tibiis tarsisq. violaceis ; antennee fuscee basi virescentes. ‘Thorax viridis ni- tidus, Elytra medio cyanea, sutura nitida, lateribus - virescentibus, marginibus externe violaceis, punc- tum flavum unicum rotundatum in medio disci locatum. Corpus subtus viride, nitidum, segmentis ultimis abdominis violaceis, femoribus virescentibus, nitidis tiblis tarsisq. violaceo-cyaneis. In Museo. Dom Whithill.
This beautiful insect I have named after my friend Colonel Whithill, whose superb collection of Entomology from the vicinity of Bombay is quite unrivalled.
Sp. 13. Hybrida.—Mr. Stephens, in his I[llus- trations of British Entomology, has made several. original observations on this species, to which the reader is referred, vid. vol. 1. p. 8. &c.
Sp. 18. Tristis—Now an Oxycheila of De Jean. M. M. Audoum and Brulle, in their Histoire Naturelle des Insects, mention five species of this genus. Gistl gives the same number. I have figured one species, which appears to have been mistaken by my friend the Comte de Castelneau. His Oxy. binotata evidently is not the Oxy. bino- tata of Gray, previously described. I propose
therefore to give it the name of Laportei, as origi-
25
nally published by that individual, one who has so ably grouped the Cicindeloidea.
Sp. 19. Interrupta.—Now a Calochroa of Hope. This insect in Africa seems to represent what C. Chinensis does in Asia; some of the specimens are exactly like the dark varieties of the latter species. }
Sp. 24. Analis.—Now an Heptodonta of Hope. The Baron De Jean, uniting Cic. 4-punctata with the above insect, thinks them worthy of sectional distinction; as the labrum of Analis has seven teeth, I make that insect the type of the genus, and exclude Cic. 4-punctata, which approaches Calochroa in its form, and yet may probably at a future time be considered as a sub-genus. As Analis is an insect well known, the generic cha- racters are derived chiefly from the points of diffe- rence it presents compared with other Cicindelide.
Corpus subcylindricum elytris cylindricis, ad api- cem latioribus, lateribus abdominis obtectis, labro septem dentato, in reliquis Cicindela convenit.
This sub-genus appears to unite Cicindela and
Therates.
Sp. 26. Flexuosa.—Some of the varieties of this insect have been described as distinct species ; for
instance, Cic. Sardea and Circumflexa of De Jean.
26 Its range is very extensive, as it occurs in France, Spain, and Sicily, as well as in the southern pro- vinces of Russia, and also at Rosetta in Egypt.
Sp. 27. Capensis—In Dr. Gistl’s Systema In- sectorum the locality of Calabria is given to this insect. I apprehend there must be some mistake respecting it, or the information he has received is erroneous.
Sp. 28. Abdominalis.—I have considered this insect as a Cylindera, merely from the Fabrician description, Statura parva C. germanice. I am totally unacquainted with the species.
Sp. 29. G'ermanica.—The reader is referred to _ the observations on Germanica, given in my former remarks on the Linnean Cicindelide.
Sp. 30. Obscura.—This insect seems to deviate from the type of Cicindela. I am not aware of any other North American species that presents a similar subcylindrical and elongated form.
Sp. 31. Micans.—This is evidently the same insect which Olivier has described under the name of Cic. punctulata.
Sp. 34, Bipunctata.—Professor Audouin appears first to have noticed the following peculiarity in the insects belonging to the genus Odontocheila, namely,
that they have “les tarses sillonnes en dessus.”
27
Sp. 36. 4-punctata.—I have only arranged this species under Calochroa for the present, as it ap- pears to afford sufficient characters for subdivision : my own specimens are not perfect enough to de- scribe. Since writing the above I have received a specimen, and therefore give it as a subgenus, with the name of Prothyma, from mpo@vpos, alacer, sig- nifying brisk and lively. ‘The characters are, Corpus subelongato-cylindricum thorace subrotun- dato elytris cylindricis, parallelis, labro fornicato et dentato.
Sp. 43. Marginalis.—This insect appears to vary considerably, when the spots on the elytra are want- ing, it is the variety which Olivier has named Cic. purpurea.
For remarks on this species, which my friend the Rev. William Kirby considers the American representative of Cic. campestris of Europe, the reader is referred to the Fauna Boreali Americana, page 11, where several varieties of the above insect are minutely described.
Sp. 44. Punctulata.—This is evidently a variety of the species which Fabricius previously described
under the name of Micans.
Sp. 45. Seaguttata.—Cicindela violacea, Fab. is
28
only a variety of this species. It is similar, with the exception of the wings, which are spotless.
Sp. 46. Catena.—I have repeatedly received this Insect from India, and believe it to be an Oriental species. Dr. Gistl says, ‘‘habitat in India Orien- tali, inque promontorio bone spei plurimis locis satis frequens.”” I am inclined to think that the specimens occurring in the Cape collections, have been purchased out of ships trading with India.
Sp. 47. Longipes.—I have thought fit to separate this insect from Cicindela giving it the name of abroscelis, from aBpos and oxeAos, from the delicate form of the legs. Cic. Tenuipes of Guerin may be associated with it and other East Indian species.
Sp. 48. Marginata.—From the description of Cic. variegata by De Jean I have little hesitation in giving that species as a synonym of Cic. marginata, Fab.
Sp. 51. 8-guttata.—There appears to exist a dif- _ ference of opinion respecting the country to which the above insect belongs, Palisot de Beauvois gives St. Domingo, Fabricius North America, Olivier South America, and Schonherr Sierra Leone, with the latter authority I am inclined to side.
Sp. 52. Argentata.—lI have given the name Cy-
lindera to this species, merely from reading the
29
Fabrician description. I am totally unacquainted with the insect. | Sp. 54, Trifasciata. — Fabricius gives two lo- calities for this species; one America, the other Europe, there can be little doubt, therefore, that he has confounded two distinct insects. According to modern writers, this Fabrician species enjoys an extensive range of country, as it 1s common to North as well as South America. |
Sp. 61. Guttula.—M. Guerin in his Magazine, maintains that this imsect is a Cicindela. He describes it as obtained from the debris of Billar- diere’s collection. It is remarkable that Fabricius mentions that the specimen he described was de- prived of its antenne. Mons. Guerin’s descrip- tion therefore is partly conjectural, from his figure it certainly approaches Therates more than Cicin- dela, and if not a true Cicindela is the type of a
sub-genus.
Cotiyris, Fabricius.
As Collyris was early separated from Cicindela by the above author, and as at the present day ‘it is admitted to approach the Cicindelide rather
than the Carabide, I here insert my remarks on
30 the genus before entering on the next grand group. Only three species are classed under the name of Collyris, the two former belong to it at present, the latter is a Ctenostoma of Klug.
Sp. 1. Longicollis.—The type of the Genus Col- lyris.—Latreille was the first person to change the name of Collyris to Colliuris. M. M. Audouin and Brulle have very properly restored the original name. ‘The Baron De Jean however, in his last Catalogue, still maintains his partiality for Col- liuris.
Sp. 2. Aptera.—It may here perhaps save the student some loss of time to inform him that Col- lyris aptera, Fab. is totally distinct from Trycon- dyla aptera of Olivier. Colliuris major, Latreille, is the same insect as Collyris aptera, Fab. The
following genera compose the family.
Cotiyrip&, Hope.
(Lonetcotiia, Kirby.)
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Collyris, Fabricius Siam C. Longicollis, Fabricius. 2. Tricondyla, Latreille East Indies T. Aptera, Latreiile. Procephalus, Laporte Brazils P. 3-notatus, Fischer, ; Caris, Fischer Cayenne C. 3-notatus, Fischer. 4. Ctenostoma, Klug Brazils C. Formicarium, Fabricius.
5. Psilocera Brulle Madagascar | P. Elegans, Brulle.
31
1. Couuyris, Fabricius.
I am acquainted with about twenty species of Collyris, the major part of them are from the Continent of India; they abound in all the Presi- dencies and in many of the Islands of Asia. ‘They appear to have been much neglected by our Ento- -mologists, with the exception of Mr. MacLeay, who has described some new species from Dr.
Horsfield’s rich Javanese collection.*
2. Triconpyua, Latreille.
The species of Trycondyla are few in number compared with Collyris, only six have fallen under my inspection ; for a better acquaintance with them, apply to De Jean’s Species de Coleopteres; to Guerin’s Icones du Regne Animal Ins. pl. 3, fig. 3. Silberman’s Revue, t. 2, p. 38. To Vander- linden’s Cicindeles de Java, page 27, and the Zoologischer Atlas, by Eschscholtz, Fas. 1, p. 6.
* For information respecting the species, refer among French authors, to De Jean’s Species general de Coleopteres; to Guerin’s Iconographiz ; to Bellinger’s Voyage to the East Indies by the same writer ; to the writings of M. M. Brulle and Laporte; and Sil- bermann’s Revue Entomologique, Tab. 2, p. 11. and Tab. 2, p. 37. Vanderlinden sur les Cicindeles de Java should also be consulted.
32
3. ProcrerpHaLus, Laporte.
This genus was first published by Dr. Fischer, under the name of Caris, a name which has been applied to some of the Arachnida. Mons. Laporte consequently adopted the term Procephalus. Pro- fessor Audouin who has studied these insects mi- nutely, records an opinion in his L’Histoire Natural des Insectes (Vol. 1, page 107) that Procephalus of Laporte differs from Ctenostoma of Klug, and is identical with Caris of Dr. Fischer. For a de- scription of the known species consult L’ Entomo- graphie de la Russie, pl. 4, fig. 4., and Silbermann’s Revue, t. 2, p. 36.
4. Crenostoma, Klug.
The insects of this genus as well as the former, seem peculiar to the warm regions of the new world ; only three recorded species are known. [or an account of them consult the Nova Acta Acad. Natur. Curiosorum, Tab. 10. Also Observations in the Zoological Journal, by Mr. J. O. Westwood, vide Vol. 5, page 53, pl. 41. Supp.
33
5. Pstrocera, Brulle.
This genus was originally published by M. M. Audouin and Brulle under the name of Stenocera, it was afterwards changed to Psilocera, as the former name was used anteriorly by Schonherr in his work on the Curculionide.
For an acquaintance with the species the student is referred to an elegant Monograph, published by the Comte de Castelneau and Mons. H. Gory con- jointly ; eleven species are therein described and
exquisitely figured.
In concluding my remarks on the Cicindeloidea, it may here be stated that they still require further sub-divisions. ‘The rapid progress Entomology is making, and the vast influx of new species added annually to our European Cabinets, lead me to think that few individuals in future will be bold enough to attempt a general collection of Insects. Many Entomologists confine themselves at present to one order, and the time has arrived when it is almost an impossibility for any one to accomplish even that successfully. Some persons are directing their attention to isolated groups, such as the
D
34
illustrious Schonherr to the Curculionide, and Baron Chaudoir to the Carabide.
I may go still further, and assert that the time is gone by when individual exertion can keep pace with the increasing state of Entomological Science. It is only to the united labours of different Societies and ‘to future Committees, formed from those Societies, that we can in future expect any thing like a Species Insectorum. The Botanists, by their united labours and publications hold out to Zoolo- gists an example worthy of being followed: let Entomologists in the several orders make similar exertions in publishing Monographs of families and genera.
It would greatly tend to the advance and diffu- sion of the science, if the different Entomological Societies of Europe were to set apart sums of money for the publication and illustration of such works. I have been led into these remarks from having investigated the first part of a Systema Insectorum, published at Munich by the zealous and indefati- gable Gistl. All must admire his ardour in the pursuit of science, and regret the difficulties he has had to encounter, as no where in Munich will be found collections at all comparable with those
of London, Paris, Leyden, or Copenhagen.
35
Gmelin’s Systema at best is but an indifferent compilation ; in that work it is no unusual occur- rence to find the self-same species described under different names, and such must still continue to be the case, till individuals of various countries, united for a common purpose, undertake impartially to investigate and publish their researches. Let Entomologists be united for such ends, the result ‘must be beneficial to Science. In conclusion we
may add—
‘¢ In tenui labor, at tenuis not Gloria.”
Linnean Species.
10
CARABUS of Linnevs. CARABIDZ of Leacu. CARABOIDEA of Hope.
Country.
oman Dar © WO &
G PO NO ON ee
. Coriaceus
. Granulatus
. Hortensis
. Leucophthalmus . Clathratus
. Nitens
. Auratus
. Violaceus
. Cephalotes
. 10-guttata
. Inquisitor
. Sycophanta
. Buprestoides
. Fastigiatus
. Lividus
. Marginatus
. Complanata
. Crepitans
. Americanus
. Spinipes
. Cyanocephalus . Melanocephalus . Vaporariorum _ . Latus.
. Ferrugineus
. Germanus
. Vulgaris
. Coerulescens
. Cupreus
. Piceus
. Velox
. Multipunctatus
Germany France England England Ireland England Switzerland Wales England P. B.S. England England
Southern Europe Po Bs: England Wales
Spain England
N. America England England England England
N. America ? England Germany England Bavaria England England Sweden England
Genera of Authors.
Procrustes, Bonelli. Carabus of Authors.
Sphodrus, Clatrville. Carabus, Linneus.
Broschus, Leach. Thermophila, Leach. Calosoma, Weber.
Unknown.
Aptinus, Bonelli. Nebria, Leach. Chlenius, Bonellt. Nebria, Leach. Brachinus, Weber. Galerita, Fabricius. Curtonotus, Stephens. Lamprias, Bonelli. Calathus, Bonelli. Stenolophus, Ziegler ? Calathus, Bonelli. Bradytus, Stephens. Ophonus, Ziegler. Amara, Bonelli. Peecilus, Bonelli. Agonum, Bonelli. Bembidium, Latreiile. Blethisa, Bonelli.
33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. Al. 42. 43. 44.
Oo Pp 0 2~ =
OMAR HP ww 4
Linnean Species.
Bipunctatus 4-pustulatus 6-punctatus Meridianus Testaceus Ustulatus Crux major Crux minor 4-maculatus Atricapillus Truncatellus Bimaculatus
. Rostratus
. Attenuatus . Reflexus
. Elevatus
. Unicolor
37
Country.
England England England England England England England England England England England
_ East Indies
Genera of Authors.
Tachypus, Megerle. Panageeus? Latreille. Agonum, Bonelli. Trechus, Clatrville. Epaphius, Leach? Notaphus, Megerle. Panageeus, Latreille, Lebia, Latreiille. Dromius, Bonelli. Demetrias, Bonelli. Syntomus, Hope. Brachinus, Fabricius.
CARABUS of Fasricivs. CARABID 4 of Lzacu. CARABOIDEA of Hope.
CYCHRUS of Fas.
England Germany Coromandel S. America S. America
Cychrus, Fabricius. Cychrus, Fabricius. Camptoderus, Hope. Scaphinotus, Latreille. Scaphinotus, Latreille.
CARABUS of Fasricivs. CARABID of LeEacu.
. Scabrosus .- Coriaceus
Coelatus
. Marginalis
- Meyerlei
. Glabratus
. Violaceus
. Purpurascens . Catenulatus . Carolinus
Fabrician Species.
=
Country.
Carniola Germany . Carniola Russia Guinea Wales England Germany England S. Carolina
Genera of Authors.
Procerus, Megerle. Procrustes, Bonelli. Carabus, Auctorum.
od
Tefflus, Leach. Carabus of Author's.
Carabus ?
. Fabrician Species.
11. Cyaneus
12. Excellens 13. Hispanus 14. Nodulosus 15. Monilis
16. Lusitanicus 17. Gemmatus 18. Hortensis 19. Sylvestris 20. Concolor
21. Irregularis 22. Creutzeri 23. Teedatus
24. Scheidleri 25. Arvensis
26. Hungaricus 27. Retusus
28. Maderee
29. Convexus 30. Auratus
31. Splendens 32. Auronitens 33. Suturalis
34. Morbillosus 35. Rugosus
36. Granulatus 37. Cancellatus 38. Clathratus 39. Melancholicus 40. Nitens
41. Lencopthalmus 42. Fasciatopunctatus 43. Terricola 44, Scrobiculatus 45. Maurus 46. Niger
47. Planus
48. Striatulus 49. Arenarius 50. Sabulosus 51. Lateralis
38
Country.
England Moldavia Spain Hungary England Portugal Germany England Germany Holsatia Germany Carniola N. America Austria England Hungary Patagonia Madeira Germany Switzerland Pyrenees Germany Terra del Fuego Mauritania Morocco France Germany Ireland Spain England England Austria Germany Austria Germany England London Patagonia Wales Saxony France
Genera of Authors.
Carabus of Authors.
Carabus ?
Carabus of Authors.
———
Calosoma, Weber. Calosoma, Weber. Carabus of Authors.
Carabus ? Carabus of Authors.
Omaseus, Ziegler Pterostichus, Bonellt. Pristonychus, De Jean. Platynus, Bonelli. Omaseus? Ziegler. Platysma, Bonelli. Sphodrus, Clatrville. Platysma, Bonelli. Nebria, Latreille.
Fabrician Species.
52. Quadricolor 53. Ruficornis 54. Fulvipes 55. Picicornis 56. Flavicornis 57. Piceus
58. Femoralis 09. Madidus
60. Decorus
61. Spinibarbis 62. Eneocephalus 63. Humeralis 64. Angusticollis 65. Miliaris
66. Axillaris
67. Trilobus
68. Multipunctata 69. Borealis
70. Oblongopunctatus 71. Croesus
72. Spoliatus 73. Cinctus
74. Festivus
75. Rufipes
76. Elegans
77. Splendidulus 78. Nitidulus 79. Tenuicollis 80. Ruficollis 81. Tricolor
82. Modestus 83. Agilis
84. 4-notatus 85. Fasciatus 86. Atricapillus 87. Marginellus 88. Bis 2-guttatus 89. 8-punctatus 90. Oblongus 91. Pallipes
92, Rubens
39
Country.
East Indies England Germany Italy Saxony England Sierra Leone England Carolina England
S. American Isles Italy Germany Austria Austria Guinea England Suecia England Guinea Morocco Coromandel Austria England Sumatra Bengal Kamtschatka Pi B.S. Guinea Austria Austria ° England East Indies England England Germany Equinoctial Africa N. America England England Kiel
Genera of Authors.
Chlenius, Bonelli. Harpalus, Latveille. Harpalus, Latreiile. Nebria, Latreiile. Dolichus, Bonelli. Calathus? Bonelli. Chlznius, Bonelli. Steropus, Megerle. Calleida, De Jean. Leistus, Frolich. Chleenius ?
Tarus, Clairville. Platynus, Bonelli. Tarus, Clairville.
—_——
Unknown.
Blethisa, Bonelli. Pelophila, De Jean. Pterostichus, Bonelli. Epomis, Bonelli. Chleenius, Bonelli. Chlenius, Bonelli.
Patrobus, Megerile. Catascopus? Catascopus, Kirby. Helobia, Latreille. Chlenius, Bonelli. Calleida, De Jean. Peecilus, Bonelli. Peryphus, Megerle. Dromius, Bonelli.
Tetragonoderus, De Jean.
Dromius, Bonelli.
———e
Brachinus, Fabricius. Agonum, Bonelli. Anchomenus, Bonelli.
ee
Blemus, Ziegler.
93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 1138. 114, 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133.
Fabrician Species.
Festinans Cephalotes Megacephalus Interruptus Calydonius Caliginosus Striola Impressus Striolatus Metallicus Frigidus Elatus Gibbus Politus | Lepidus Cassidius Silphoides Sabulicola Globosus Melanocephalus Fuscus Brevicollis Punctulatus Oculatus Posticus Micans Notula Obscurus Stigma Ammon Pudicus Bicolor Holosericeus Binotatus Fulvicollis Pilicornis Dimidiatus Coerulescens Leetus Vividus Tardus
4:0
Country.
Cayenne England P. B.S. Arabia ? Italy
N. America England East Indies Carniola Austria Germany Germany England East Indies England Paris England England Morocco England England Wales Saxony Guinea East Indies Bengal Guinea England East Indies Guinea Bengal
N. America England England Barbary England Germany Bavaria Europe Madeira Germany
Genera of Authors.
Calleida, De Jean. Broschus, Panzer. Camptoscelis, De Jean. Ditomus, Bonelli. Ditomus, Bonelli. Selenophorus, De Jean. Abax, Bonelli. Diplocheila, Brulle. Molops, Bonelli. Cheporus, Latreille. Abax, Bonelli.
Molops, Bonelli. Zabrus, Clairville. Diplocheila, Brulle. Pecilus, Bonelli. Licinus, Latreille.
Ophonus, Ziegler. Steropus? Megerle. Calathus, Bonelli.
Helobia, Leach. Sogines, Leach. Chleenius, Bonelli.
Lissauchenius, MacLeay ?
Chlenius, Bonelli. Chleenius, Bonelli. Ophonus, Ziegler. Planetes, MacLeay. Chlenius? Bonelli? Chleenius ? Harpalus, Latreiile. Chlenius, Bonelli. Anisodactylus, De Jean. Lebia, Latreille. Loricera, Latreille. Pecilus, Bonellt.
Peecilus ? Harpalus, Latreille. Harpalus, Latreille.
Fabrician Species.
134. 135. 136. 37. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148, 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164, 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174.
Cupreus . Tricolor Carnifex Vulgaris Communis Integer Alpinus Latus Abdominalis Ovatus Helopioides Azureus /Eneus Erythrocephalus Analis Lineola Ferrugineus Pallidus
St. Crucis Surinamensis Dorsiger Aterrimus Nigricornis Austriacus Parumpuntatus 6-punctatus Palliatus Discoideus Marginatus Vestitus Nigrita Pallipes Quadrum Cyanocephalus
Rufibarbis
Flavilabris Amethystinus Lividus Semivittatus Notulatus Corticalis
41
Country.
England Kiel
S. America England England American Isles Switzerland England
Ha B. 8: England England Saxony England Kiel Germany N. America England Saxony American Isles Surinam Barbary England England Austria England England
N. America Germany England England Germany N. America Senegal England England East Indies Cayenne | Denmark Hast Indies Bengal New Cambridge
Genera of Authors.
Pecilus, Bonelli.
Antarctia, De Jean. Amara, Bonelli. Bradytus ? Amara? Bonelli. Bradytus, Stephens. Harpalus, Latreille.
Amara, Bonelli. Oodes, Bonelli. Harpalus, Latreille.
Nebria, Latreille? Leistus? Frolich. Agonoderus, De Jean. Bradytus, Stephens. Cymindis, Latreille. Agonoderus, De Jean. Cymindis, Latreille ? Unknown.
Omaseus, Ziegler. Chlenius, Bonelli. Agonum, Bonelli.
oe
Selenophorus, De Jean. Bradytus?
Agonum, Bonelli. Chleenius, Bonelli. Omaseus, Ziegler. Agonoderus, De Jean.
Tetragonoderus, De Jean.
Lamprias, Bonelli. Leistus, Frolich. Colpodes? MacLeay ? Lebia, Latreille ? Amara?
Barysomus, De Jean. Panageeus, Latreille. Lebia, Latreille.
42
Fabrician Species.
175. Curtus
176. Crux major 177. Crux minor 178. Vittatus 179. 2-vittatus 180. Augulatus 181. Turcicus 182. Heemorrhoidalis 183. Picipes 184. 2-pustulatus 185. Andreze 186. Elevatus 187. Germanus 188. Heros
189. Spinilabris 190. Velox
191. Rufescens 192. Przeustus 193. Apricarius 194. Lunatus 195. Prasinus 196. Cursor
197. Furcatus 198. Vaporariorum 199. Meridianus 200. Discus
201. Comma 202. Vernalis 203. 4-maculatus 204. 4-guttatus 205. 4-pustulatus 206. Ustulatus 207. Dorsalis 208. 2-guttatus 209. Guttula 210. Fenestratus 211. Smaragdulus 212. Cruciger 213. Testaceus 214. Truncatus 215. Abbreviatus
Country.
New Holland England England N. America N. America Tranquebar England Saxony Sweden - England England Paris England Barbary Austria England England Germany England England England Italy America England England Germany America England England England England England Kiel Norway England Germany East Indies Saxony England Saxony
Norway
Genera of Authors.
Lebia? Latreille. Panageeus, Latreille. Lebia, Latreille.
Panageeus, Latreille. Lebia, Latreille.
Agonum, Bonelli. Badister, Clairville. Tachypus, Megerle. Blemus, Ziegler. Ophonus, Ziegler. Anisodactylus, De Jean. Leistus, Frélich. Bembidium, Latreille. Leistus, Frolich. Leistus ?
Bradytus, Stephens. Callistus, Bonelli. Anchomenus, Bonelli. Trechus, Clairville. Agonoderus, De Jean. Stenolophus, Ziegler. Trechus, Clairville. Blemus, Ziegler. Agonoderus ?
Argutor, Megerle. Dromius, Bonelli. Lopha, Megerle. Panageeus, Latreille. Notaphus, Megez'le. Trechus, Clairville. Philochthus, Stephens. Philochthus, Stephens. Dromius, Bonelli. Catascopus? MacLeay. Trechus, Clairville. Epaphius, Leach. Dromius, Bonelli. Lesteva, Latreille.
Fabrician Species.
216. 2-punctatus 217. Celer
218. Minutus 219. Pygmeeus 220. Tristis
221. Fasciola 222. Truncatellus 223. Minimus
4:3
Country.
England England England Germany Germany S. America England Germany
Genera of Authors.
Tachypus, Megerle. Tachypus, Megerle. Trechus, Clairviile. Philochthus, Stephens. Trechus, Clairviile. Tetragonoderus? De Jean. Philorhyzus, Hope.
Lopha, Megerle.
CARABIDZ FABRICIAN &. MANTICORA, Fasrictus.
1. Maxillosa 2. Pallida
. Depressus
. Marginatus
. Testaceus
. Grandis Gigas Impressus
. Quadratus
. Subterraneus
OCOODIAAP OD
. Levigatus 10. Porcatus 11. Ruficornis 12. Crenatus 13. Cyaneus 14. 2-pustulatus 15, Arenarius 16. Thoracicus 17. Gibbus 18. Cursor
19. Arabs —
1. Alternans 3. Porculatum 6. Sericeum
P. B.S. P, B. Ss.
Manticora, Fabricius. Platychile, MacLeay
SCARITES, Fasrictus.
Cayenne
N. America Senegal Brazil
Africa
S. America Guinea
N. America Italy
East Indies P. B.S.
East Indies New Holland American Isles England England England Europe Arabia ?
Pasimachus, Bonelli. Pasimachus, Bonelli. Scarites ?
Scarites, Fabricius? Scarites, Fabricius. Searites, Fabricius ? Scarites, Fabricius. Scarites, Fabricius? Scarites, Fabricius. Searites, Fabricius? Acanthoscelis, Latreille. Scarites, Fabricius. Carenum, Bonelli. Clivina, Latreille. Clivina, Latreille. Dyschirius, Bonelli. Dyschirius, Bonelli. Dyschirius ? Bonelli. Scarites, Fabricius ?
CALOSOMA, Faprictius.
American Isles New Holland Hambro’
Calosoma, Fabricius. Adelium, Kirby. Calosoma, Fabricius.
4d
GALERITA, Fasrictus.
|
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors.
1, Americana Pennsylvania Galerita, Fabricius.
2. Attelaboides Africa ? Galerita, Fabricius. Senta Tranquebar Omphra, Leach.
4. Olens Italy Zuphium, Latreille.
5. Depressa | East Indies Siagona, Latreille.
6. Plana East Indies Siagona, Latreille.
7. Flesus East Indies Siagona, Latreille.
8. Bufo Tangier Siagona, Latreille.
9. Fasciolatus England Polistichus, Bonelli.
BRACHINUS, Fasricius.
1. Bimaculatus East Indies Pheropsophus, Solier. 2. Complanatus St. Domingo Pheropsophus, Solier. 3. Annulus Tranquebar Pheropsophus, Solter. 4, Fulminans Guinea Pheropsophus, Solier. 5. Nigripennis ley 185 1s Aptinus, Bonellt.
6. Tripustulatus Siam Pheropsophus, Soler. 7. Mutilatus Austria Aptinus, Bonelli.
8. Piger East Indies Pheropsophus, Solier? 9. Histrio East Indies Pheropsophus ? 10. Ruficeps P. B.S. Brachinus, Fabricius. 11. Fumans America 12. Crepitans England ———— 13. Sclopeta Paris aa
ANTHIA, Faspricius.
1. Maxillosa | P. B.S. Anthia, Fabricius.
2. Thoracica PLB... a
3. 10-guttata P. B.S. Thermophila, Leach. 4, 6-guttata Calcutta Pachymorpha, Hope. 5. Venator Senegal Thermophila, Leach. 6. Sulcata Senegal - —
7. 6-maculata | Barbary —_——
8. 7-guttata | P. B.S.
9. Nimrod Senegal ——_——- 10. PJ B.S.
4-guttata
45
_ Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 11. Tabida P. B. 8. Thermophila, Leach. 12. Umbraculata Guinea Piezia ? Brulle.
13. Variegata Arabia ? Graphiptera, Latreille. 14. Exclamationis Barbary — 15. Trilineata EF. 8. — — 16. Obsoleta PB. 5: | —
AGRA, Fasricivs.
nd
1. nea S. America Agra, Fabricius. 2. Rufipes S. America —— 3. Attelaboides East Indies Novum Genus.
ODACANTHA, Fasrictvs.
1. Melanura England Odacantha, Fabricius
2. Bifasciata Brazil Cordistes, Latreille.
3. Cyanocephala East Indies Casnoidea, Laporte.
4. 3-pustulata Paris Anthicus ? Fabricius ? 5. Elongata S. America Cordistes? Latreille.
6. Dorsalis Carolina Leptotrachelus, Latreille.
DRYPTA, Fasrictius.
1. Emarginata England Drypta, Fabricius. 2. Cylindricgllis Morocco Desera, Leach. ELAPHRUS, Fasrictuvs.
1. Uliginosus England Elaphrus, Fabricius.
2. Riparius Wales Elaphrus, Fabricius.
3. Striatus Germany Bembidium ? Dumerii.
4. Impressus Germany Bembidium, Illiger.
5. Atratus America Elaphrus ? Fabricius.
6. Flavipes England Bembidium, Zlliger.
7. Aquaticus England Nothiophilus, Dumeril.
8. Semipunctatus Saxony
9. Rupestris Germany Peryphus, Megerle. 10. Biguttatus Norway Nothiophilus, Dumerit.
SOLYTUS, Fasrictivs.
East Indies Omophron, Latreille. France —
1. Flexuosus 2. Limbatus 3. Labiatus
Carolina ee eae
REMARKS AND ANNOTATIONS
ON HE
LINNEAN SPECIES OF CARABUS.
Sp. 1. Coriaceus.—This insect is a Procrustes of Bonelli, and one of the family of the Carabide. The following Table gives an outline of the genera composing it, from which I have thought fit to separate the Pamboride, consisting at present of only two genera, Pamborus and Callimosoma, both of them inhabiting New Holland.
CaraBipa, Latreille.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Procerus, Megerle Carniola C. Scabrosus, Fabricius. 2. Procrustes, Bonelli Germany C. Coriaceus, Fabricius. 3. Carabus, Linneus France C. Granulatus, Linneus. 4. Apotomopterus, Hope China C. Prodigus, Erichson. 5. Calosoma, Weber England C. Sycophanta, Fabricius. 6. Chrysostigma, Kirby N, America C. Calidum, Fubricius.
As the major part of the above genera will be referred to in their proper places, I shall only
allude at present to the fourth, which as it appears
48
to differ from any species of known Carabus, | make the type of a sub-genus, naming it Apoto- mopterus, from azorouos, broken off, and mrepov, the apex of the elytra having the appearance of having been abruptly broken off. Vid. Act. Acad. Ces. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur. Vol. 16, Suppl. Table 37, figure 1. Mr. Kirby in his Fauna Boreali Ame- rica, forms a sub-genus (named by him Chrysostig- ma) of some of the species belonging to Calosoma. The type of the latter is Sycophanta, of the former C. Calidum, Fab. ; for the characteristic distinctions the reader is referred to the above-mentioned work, page 18.
Sp. 2. Granulatus.— Now a Carabus of authors. The granulatus of our English Cabinets is not the same as the C. granulatus of the French collections, the latter appears to be found in the South of France, and is never met with in the British Isles.
Different writers have attempted to form the species of Carabus into sections, which I shall not here introduce, as they require very considerable alteration. In the Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, par Audouin et Brulle, when speaking of the grand Carabi, the following statement occurs, ‘ pendant long temps on a pensé quel n’en existait pas das
PAmerique Meridionale depuis les Voyages du
et Mati sD ON
49
Naturaliste Eschcholtz, on a acquis la preuve du contraire. Ce n’est que dans le nord de |’ Afrique et dans l’Asie Mineure que l’on trouve des especes de ce genre pour chacune de ces deux parties du monde, et 1’Australasie n’en a pas encore offert une seule jusqu’ ici.”
It is singular that neither of the above Entomo- logists are aware that Fabricius had early described a species from ‘Terra del Fuego, under the name of Car. suturalis. Mr. Charles Darwin has lately brought with him from the same country the above species, and five others. As to Carabus being found only in Asia Minor, it may here be noticed that one species, under the name of Car. Hardwicku, was published by me in the Synopsis of Nepaul Insects, and four other species were in the same collection when it reached this country.
Sp. 3. Hortensis.—This insect is subject to be attacked by parasitic worms of the genus Filaria; I have twice seen the worms escape from the insect when dead.
Sp. 4. Leucopthalmus.—Now aSphodrus of Clair- ville, who first separated this genus from Carabus. The species are widely dispersed in the world, oc- curring in Kurope, Africa, and Asia. Some sub-
genera from New Holland are allied to it. Sphodrus E
50 ought to be raised to the rank of a family. With regard to the species named leucopthalmus, it lives in the cellars of our metropolis, and feeds, I think, chiefly on Cockroaches.
Sp. 9. Cephalotes.-— Now a Broschus of Dr. Leach. The Baron De Jean retains Bonelli’s generic name of Cephalotes, which ought to be changed, as it is previously used as a genus of Mammalia by Cuvier, in the Regne Animal. The species of Broschus are widely dispersed, as they occur in Europe, Africa, and Asia. The most splendid of them all is from New Holland, and is named by me Sumptuosus.
Sp. 10. 10-guttata. — Now a Thermophila of
Leach, and one of the genera of Anthiade.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. . Anthia, Weber P. B.S. Thoracica, Fabricius. . Pachymorpha, Hope East Indies 6-guttata, Fabricius. . Thermophila, Leach P. Bas. 10-guttata, Fabricius. - Graphiptera, Latreille Africa Variegata, Fabricius.
Or Pm 0 WO
. Piezia, Dupont P. B.S. Axillaris, Dupont.
51
Antuia, Weber.
I retain the name of Anthia for those species allied to Anth. Marginata, and Thoracica of Fa- bricius. Pachymorpha 6-guttata represents in Asia what Anthia does in Africa. ‘Thermophila includes all the sulcated species. The characters of the above genera are as follow, and might be still further subdivided.
(Fisstcotyia, Kirby.) (Antuia, Fabricius.)
Antha $. Aptera, clypeo porrecto rotundato integro. Zhorax bilobus marginatus, dorso elevato, medio concavo, posticée producto dilatato, lamellis duabus depressis. Corpus subdepressum, glabrum sub lente subpunctatum marginatum. Anthia ¢, differt przecipue thorace cordiformi bilobo, medio
fortissime sulcato. Type Sp. Anthia Thoracica, Fab.
Pacnymorpua, Hope.
Pachymorpha é. Aptera, clypeo fere quadrato integro. Thorax cordiformis, bilobus, convexus postice productus, apice fortissime inciso. Corpus crassum, valde convexum, punctulatum subsericeum.
PD aes
ey
Pachymorpha ¢ differt thorace cordiformi, linea
longitudinali fortiter impressa.
Tuermopui.a, Leach.
Aptera, thorace cordiformi, seu subhexagono, in medio sulcata, seu linea longitudinali impressa, elytris fortissime sulcatis. ‘The sexes in the present genus do not appear to vary in the shape of the thorax. With respect to the localities of the above genera, Anthia and Thermophila belong to Africa, while Pachymorpha seems peculiar to Asia. A new East Indian species will be figured in the plates of the present number. The Anthiade I am inclined to think have no intimate relationship with the Helluonide ; they are connected on one hand with Manticora, and with Cicindela on the ether, by means of Graphiptera and Eurymorpha. A singular species of Cicindela, named Ritchii by Mr. Vigors, so closely resembles some of the Gra- phiptera, that at first sight it might be mistaken for one; Fabricius indeed seems to have been of opinion that these genera were allied; he names one species Cicindeloides. In their habits also they appear to accord. My friend Monsieur Lefebvre, who
collected them in Egypt, writes as follows, “Ces
53
insectes se trouvent (selon lui) pendant la plus erand chaleur du jour, ils courent dans le sable des terrains peu cultives.” ‘They produce a singular sound resembling the utterance of the word xexe, by which they are discovered in their lurking places.” The reputed larva of Pachymorpha6-guttata, (which I cannot consider as a Carabideous larva) will be found figured in Guerin’s Magazine of Zoology. It is probable that the larve of the African species, when known, will be found to vary considerably from those of the Kast Indian Anthiade.
Sp. 12. Sycophanta.—Now a Calosoma of Weber. Linneus states that at night they devour the larve of Lepidoptera ; I am inclined to think that they are more destructive in the day time. The larve when taken, smell strongly, as of lamp oil. ‘The reader is referred to a valuable paper in the Ento- mological Transactions, by Dr. Hermann Bur- meister, on the anatomy of the larva of Calosoma Sycophanta.
Sp. 13. Buprestoides. —Schonherr, in his Sy- nonyma Insectorum, has not attempted to say to what genus this insect belongs, and from the concise Latin description it is impossible to determine it with any accuracy.
Sp. 14. Fastigiatus.— Now an Aptinus of Bo-
4
nelli. This insect was originally described by Linneus, and was afterwards named Nigripennis by Fabricius. Olivier was correct in following Linneus. The tabular arrangement of the genera composing this family will be found under Brachinus, among the Fabrician Carabide.
Sp. 16. Marginatus.—This insect is a Chleenius, and has different names applied to it: the oldest is marginatus, and consequently takes precedence of the Fabrician name vestitus.
Sp. 17. Complanatus.—Now of the genus Nebria Latreille. The Nebriade require to be separated from the Elaphride, with which they have been associated by M. M. Audouin and Brulle, the fol-
lowing genera compose the family.
Nesriap&, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Nebria, Latretlle N. Europe Complanata, Linneus. 2. Pteroloma, Schonherr Kamtschatka Forstromii, Gyllenhaill. 3. Helobia, Leach England Brevicollis, Fabricius. 4. Alpzeus, Bonelli Switzerland Castaneus, Bonelli. 5. Leistus, Frelich England Spinibarbis, Fabricius.
In addition to the above genera, Notiobia of Perty might probably be added. Le Comte de Castelneau, speaking of Notiobia, says, that it has
the general appearance of a Nebria; as I am only
35
acquainted with the figure, I cannot give a decided opinion. A glance at the countries these insects inhabit, tells us at once that they are a northern group; they are abundant amid the Alpine snows and even in Wales and Scotland; they are found to abound more in the range of Alpine vegetation, than in the plains.
With respect to the genus Pteroloma, it appears to be the Adolus of Eschcholtz and the Holocnemis of Schilling, according to Erichson this genus belongs to Agyrtes one of the Silphiade. I here cannot help suspecting some error, which I am unable to ex- plain, Eschcholtz was too accurate an Entomologist to have committed so egregious a blunder, as to confound the Carabidee with the Silphiade.
Spe. 18. Crepitans.—Now of the genus Brachinus. In the Linnean cabinet there are two distinct in- sects confounded under the above name; one of them is the Brachinus fumans Fab. from North Ame- rica, the other the well known European species named Crepitans by Linneus.
Sp. 19. Americanus.—Now a Galerita of Fabri- cius. From the Linnean description ‘“Similis C. crepitanti sed quadruplo major,” some have sup- posed the above species to be a Brachinus, and it is
singular that in Lee’s cabinet named by Fabricius,
56
a large species of Brachinus is named by him Americanus. :
Sp. 20. Spinipes.—Now a Curtonotus of Stephens, and one of the genera of Amaride. A species named convexiusculus, by the same author, feeds on the bleached roots of grasses under stones. Re- specting the typical species, Scopoli has recorded that it is abundant « super trictici spicas frequens,” and why there? Some have imagined that these insects resort to standing corn im quest of the Aphides, my observations lead me to believe they attack the stalk of the wheat and devour it, and in this habit they approach Zabrus. Mr. Stephens in his Systematical Catalogue has placed Bradytus and Curtonotus before Zabrus, evidently proving himself by that judicious arrangement to be, in the language of Barrington, an out-door Naturalist. The re- searches of Zimmerman induce him to believe that the Amaride are vegetable feeders, and from collecting assiduously the Harpalide, I am also inclined to think that the Ophoni and ‘Trechide, and even some of the species of true Harpalus feed on the roots of grasses. I think it also not improbable that the pe- culiarsmell of the Amaride is derived from the vege- tation they eat. Lebia, Brachinus, and Panagzus
will eventually be found to feed on vegetation. Lam-
o7
_ prias and Panageus exhale alike the same disagree- able odour.
Sp. 21. Cyanocephalus. — Now of the genus Lamprias of Bonelli, and of the family of Lebiade. I differ with M. M. Audouin and Brulle in re- uniting Lamprias with Lebia; as it appears a very natural sub-genus, I retain it. If we reject the generic characters given by such a writer as Bonelli, and revert back to early authors, it would be wise to retain the sectional characters those writers adopted, generally expressed in a short Latin sen- tence ; if not, we are again likely to have the self- same species formed into sub-genera, with increased confusion by addition of new names.
Sp. 23. Vaporariorum.—Now a Stenolophus of Ziegler. The insect in the Linnean cabinet label- led as Vaporariorum is now a Tarus, and not a Stenolophus ; it appears to be the same as Tarus basalis. |
Sp. 24. Latus.—According to M. M. Audouin and Brulle, the above insect is a Calathus of Bonelli, and is found in France under stones, ac- cording to Illiger, his Carabus Cisteloides is the same insect. Erichson, in the Kafer der Mark
Brandenburg, vol. 1, page 103, gives Carabus latus
38
as a synonym of C. apricarius, it must therefore be a Bradytus of Stephens. ‘There is evidently very great confusion respecting this species, as in the Linnean cabinet it is a true Harpalus. . Linneus also in the Systema Natura mentions two localities, Europe and North America, probably confounding two species.
Sp. 25. Ferrugineus.— Now a Bradytus of Ste- phens. A genus closely allied to Curtonotus of the same author. |
Sp. 27. Vulgaris.—Now an Amara of Bonelli. The monograph of Zimmerman on these interesting insects should be studied by all Entomologists ; the following genera compose the family, viz. Percosia, Celia, Amara, Bradytus, Leirus, Leiocnemis, Amathitis, and Acrodon; instead of Leirus the name of Curtonotus should be substituted, as pre- viously characterized by Mr. Stephens in his illus- trations of British Entomology. In the Linnean cabinet the insect ticketed vulgaris, is not an Amara but a Platysma.
Sp. 30. Piceus—Now an Agonum of Bonelli, according to the specimens preserved in the Linnean cabinet.
Sp. 31. Velox.—Now a Bembidium of Illiger.
59
The Entomologists of Sweden think that Carabus velox of Linneus is only a variety of Bembidium, impressum Gyll.
Sp. 33. Bipunctatus. — Now a ‘Tachypus of Megerle, one of the genera of the Bembidiide. The following remarks occur in the Histoire Na- turelle des Insectes relating to the above family. ““C’est Mons. Stephens qui dans son interressant Traité sur les Insectes d’Angleterre en a le premier pubhé les caractéres en les regardant toutes comme des genres particuliers ce savant Entomologiste en a porte le nombre a douze qui ne correspondent pas tout-a-fait a celles du species de M. le comte De Jean. Comme elles nous paraissent plus faciles a saisir dans le dernier ouvrage nous adopteron de preference la methode du Naturaliste Francais,” Vid. Hist. Nat. des Insect par Audouin et Brulle, Vol.2. p. 156, &e. Argument is one thing, Nation- ality another. Because the published genera of Mr. Stephens do not correspond with the Baron De Jean’s, or because De Jean’s genera at first sight are more readily taken, therefore those of the French Natu- ralist are to be adopted. If the genera described by the above writers are accurate they must accord;
the claim of priority then cannot. be set aside on
60
any other account, excepting that of inaccuracy. It is to be regretted that the names of Megerle and Dahl were adopted by our English Naturalist.
The generic details were first published by Mr. 3 Stephens in July, 1828, by De Jean in 1831, in the first part of his fifth volume of the Species general des Coleopteres, where the Megerlean types are given. From enquiry it appears doubt- ful if Megerle ever published any Entomological brochure. In concluding these observations, a passing remark is added, which has attracted the attention of many individuals. ‘It is singular that scarcely a reference is ever made by De Jean and other Entomologists to the two first works ever published in this country on our Insectal Fauna, those of Messrs. Stephens and Curtis.””’ ‘The works are costly and valuable publications, and such works ever will be, when illustrated by excellent figures ; the great cost of them, however, cannot be pleaded as an excuse by the princely De Jean, or by other French writers, as a reason for not quoting them. It is a notorious fact, that the libraries of Natural History in France are far superior to those of England, why then, it must be asked, are our
ablest authors passed by and neglected ?
61
Bempipupm, Stephens.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Lymneum, Stephens| England Car. Nigropiceus, Marsh. 2. Cillenum, Leach England Cill. Laterale, Leach. 3. Tachys, Ziegler England Tach. Scutellaris, Steph. 4, } ee England | Bem. biguttatum, Tliger. 5. Ocys, Kirby England Car. Tempestivus, Panz. 6. Peryphus, Megerle | England Bem. femoratum, Sturm. 7. Notaphus, Megerle | England | Car. Ustulatus, Linneus. 8. Lopha, Megerle England Cic. 4-maculata, Linneus. 9. Tachypus, Megerle | England Cic. Andree, Fab.
10. Bembidium, IZiliger | England . 11. Chalybe, Laporte Cayenne
12 figa, Laporte a Pselaphopetius ,S. Cayenne fig. Anthicoides, Laporte.
Cic. flavipes, Linneus. Chal. Leprieuri, Laporte.
It is probable that the two last genera will be found eventually to connect the Bembidiide with the Trechide. The above table seems to include all the known genera composing the family. Inter- mediate forms may be expected to occur, uniting the European and Transatlantic genera; there is, however, much to be done in the investigation of the exotic species, as little of their habits are known.
The name of Leia was, of necessity, changed by Mr. Stephens to Philochthus, as the former had previously been applied by Meigen to desig- nate a genus of Diptera (Vid. Meig. Zw. 1, 253). After paying much attention to this family, I have
62
adopted the arrangement of Mr. Stephens as the most satisfactory. Three Entomologists of dif- ferent countries have given different types of the © genus Bembidium ; Illiger refers to Paludosum Panzer, Latreille to Striatum Fab., and De Jean to © Laterale Leach. Mr. Kirby in his Fauna Boreali Americana, exalts Peryphus into a family, which he denominates Peryphide. In the following Fabrician Carabide the genera composing it will be given. |
Sp. 36. Meridianus.—Now a Trechus of Clair- ville. Latreille and De Jean use the term Acupal- pus, and LErichson that of Bradycellus ; the second name ought to be abandoned, although used by the Prince of Entomologists. :
Sp. 37. Testaceus.—Most likely an Epaphius of Leach, and probably a pale variety of C. secalis. In this opinion Mr. Stephens seems to accord. In a note in the Synonymia Insectorum of Schonherr, some additional remarks occur respecting this - species.
Sp. 41. 4-maculatus. —Now belonging to the genus Dromius ; according to my views “Dromius should be raised to the rank of a sub-family ; in habits they are Lebiadous, and at first sight they may be distinguished from the latter by their elongated
63
form, the elytra also rarely exceed the width of the thorax, while in true Lebia they are very
considerably wider.
Dromip#, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Demetrias, Bonelli England Car. Atricapillus, Linn. 2. Dromius, Bonelli England Car. 4-maculatus, Linn. 3. Philorhizus, Hope England Car. Fasciatus, Fab. 4. Syntomus, Hope England Car. Truncatellus, Fad.
It was my intention to have used the abandoned term of Rizophilus applied by Dr. Leach to Deme- trias; as it might lead to further confusion I merely transpose the word, adopting that of Philorhizus, from giAos and pi¢a. The species of the follow- ing genera are apterous; as the types are well known, there is no need of long generic characters,
the following may suffice.
PuiLoruizus, Hope.
Apterous, form oblong. Thorax, with its ante- rior part wider than the posterior. The anterior angles are rounded, while the latter are nearly rectangular. The elytra at the apex are not so abruptly truncated as in Dromius, and are gradually
rounded from the external sides till they meet the
suture.
64
Syntomus, Hope.
From ovytopos, brevis. Apterous, body short, contracted. The anterior part of the thorax broader than the posterior, the latter sensibly contracted, and differing from the former genus, which has the angles of the thorax rectangular. The elytra are remarkable for the shoulders being rather prominent. I am acquainted with several tropical species which require sub-division. ‘They occur in the Old and New Continents ; none are recorded, I believe, as inhabiting the East Indies ; they will, no doubt, occur in the Himalaya.
Sp. 44. Bimaculatus.—Now a Brachinus. ‘This last species will be found in the Mantissa Planta- rum of Linneus, at page 532, and is the only Cara- bideous insect therein mentioned. It will be seen that I have omitted the tables of the genera belonging to the families of ‘Trechide, Lebiade, &c. They were purposely passed by, as they will appear in my remarks on the Fabrician Caraboidea, where they will be associated with their allied
groups.
65
REMARKS AND ANNOTATIONS ON THE
FABRICIAN CARABOIDEA.
Cycurus, Fabricius.
Cycuripa, Hope.
Species 1. Hostratus—Now of the genus Cy- chrus Fab. I am inclined to consider Cychrus as entitled to be raised to the rank of a family ; the
following genera pertaining to it.
Cycurip, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1, Cychrus, Fabricius Europe Ten. Rostratus, Fab. 2. Irichrous, Newman N. America Cych. Unicolor, Knoch. 3. Spheroderus, D. J. |. N. America Sp. Lecontei, De Jean. 4, Scaphinotus,Zatreille| N. America Se. Elevatus, Fab. 5. Damaster, Kollar Japan Dam. Blaptoides, Kollar.
Nearly all the species of true Cychrus inhabit northern climates; they are few in number. ‘The same remarks will apply also to the three succeed-
F
66
ing genera. Damaster of Kollar, lately published in the Vienna ‘Transactions, belongs to warmer regions. I have long been acquainted with a specimen in this country, it was, however, in too mutilated a state to describe. In the collection at Leyden there are some specimens of the above remarkable insect.
Sp. 3. eflexus.—There are two insects bearing the name of Reflexus, both of them belonging to the Panageide. Pan. reflexus in my collection (was obtained from Lee’s Cabinet) and Cychrus reflexus, which I am inclined to consider as a Panageus, rather than a Cychrus. It is remarkable that the Fabrician locality is Germany, Olivier mentions Coromandel, and Illiger, Sierra Leone; of these countries India appears the most likely. The Baron De Jean erroneously in his last catalogue makes Panageus ‘Tomentosus Z. J. and Cychrus reflexus Fab. the same insect ; instead of being of this opinion, I consider reflexus as the type of a new genus, and as the figure in Olivier is execrable it was better to re-figure it, in order that it may be known. The generic name applied to the species is Camptoderus, from kaum7t@ and depy. Vid. under Panageide some additional remarks.
Spe. 5. Unicolor.—This insect is ranked by De
67 Jean as a Cychrus. In my MSS. I formerly gave it
as the type of a new genus, as Mr. Newman, how- ever, has lately published it, it is better to adopt his appellation than create confusion by increase of names, or even by adding to synonyma by pub- lishing manuscript ones. In the 24th number of the Entomological Magazine (April, 1838) at page 385, the generic characters are published.
Carasus, Fabricius.
Sp. 1. Scabrosus.—Now a Procerus. Under the Linnean species of Carabus will be found the Genera belonging to that particular family. As to the species of Procerus, they are few in number. For figures of them the student is referred to Guerin’s Magazine, Tab. 1, No. 9. To Brulle’s Morea, No. 149, pl. 33, fig. 4. To Olivier, pl. 7, fig. 83; and lastly, to Adams. Mem. Soc. des Natur. de Moscou, tom. 5, pl. 10, fig. 1—5.
Sp. 2. Coriaceus.— Now a Procrustes of Bonelli. The species belonging to this genus are rather more numerous than those of Procerus. [or an account of them, in addition to the former autho- rities quoted above, consult Les Etudes Entomo- logiques de Mons Laporte, De Jean’s Species general des Coleopteres ; the Hore Entomologice,
F 2
68
by Charpentier; and the Symbole Physice of Klug. In Erichson’s work, Die Kafer der Mark Bran- denburg, there are concise generic characters given
of many of the Caraboidea. Vid. Procrustes, p. 11.
Sp. 5. Meyerlei.—Now of the genus Tefflus Leach. Probably an error of the press, instead of Megerlei.
Sp. 10. Carohnus.—This insect is not in the Banksian collection; it was originally described from the Museum of Gigot d’Orcy; it apparently is unknown at present in Paris. From French writers we may eventually expect some future notice respecting the species, as well as the desired infor- mation of what became of the Entomological part of the Museum of the above personage.
Sp. 18. Hortensis.—This species is very subject to be attacked by Filaria.
Sp. 20. Concolor.—Most likely a true Carabus. Vid. Panzer, Ent. G. 1, p. 46, n. 10.
Sp. 23. Tedatus._-There are two specimens still to be found in the Banksian Cabinet. Olivier’s figure tolerably well represents the insect.
Sp. 27. Retusus.—This insect is evidently a Calosoma; the Fabrician reference to Olivier is incorrect, it ought probably to be Oliv. Ins. 35, p. 30. Tab. 10. fig. 113. The figure, however, is
69
larger than the real insect ; the species may vary considerably in size.
Sp. 28. Madere.—This insect decidedly belongs to the genus Calosoma; more than forty species of Calosoma have fallen under my inspection; they may be divided into two sections, like the Necro- phori, those with straight, and those with crooked tibie. |
Sp. 31. Splendens.—The locality mentioned by Fabricius is erroneous. He describes it as from the island of Jamaica, whereas, it is undoubtedly an European species, occurring abundantly in the Pyrenees.
Sp. 33. Suturalis—This elegant insect, as it is apparently unknown to Continental writers, is worth figuring. Other species closely allied to it from the same country, were brought to England by my zealous friend and Entomologist, Mr. Charles Darwin of Shrewsbury. The new species are already described in a late number of the Entomo- logical Transactions. Vol. 11. part 2, p. 128.
Sp. 36 and 37.—Granulatus and Cancellatus.— There has been great confusion respecting these species. It appears that Fabricius considered Gra- nulatus Linn. the same as his Carabus cancellatus.
He applied, therefore, the Linnean name to ano-
70 ther species, which Illiger has very properly
changed to Cancellatus.
Sp. 41. Leucopthalmus—Now an Omaseus of Ziegler, and one of the genera composing the Fe- roniade of Latreille. I have before recorded my opinion respecting this group. It requires a tho- rough revision; my friend, Dr. Eschscholtz, informed me by letter that he had undertaken the arrange- ment of these Carabide, and had communicated his views to the Baron De Jean. Is the De Jeanian arrangement of the last Catalogue the same as that of Dr. Eschscholtz? if so, little im- provement has been made. I subjoin a Table of the various forms which may be classed together, but not under the name of Feronia, which has previously been used by Dr. Leach to designate a dipterous genus. I propose, therefore, to change the name of the goddess of the groves, for that of
one of the Muses, namely ‘Thalia.
7a
Tuatiapm, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Sogines, Leach England C. punctulatus, Fad. 2. Pecilus, Bonellt England C. Cupreus, Linneus. 3. Argutor, Megerle France C. Vernalis, Fabricius. 4. Omaseus, Ziegler England C. aterrimus, Fab. ©. Steropus, Megerle England C. madidus, Fab. 6. Platysma, Sturm England C. niger, Fab. 7. Cophosus, Ziegler Hungary C. Cylindricus, Herbst. 8. Pterostichus, Bonelli} France C. fasciatopunctatus, Fab. 9. Cheporus, Latreille Austria C. Metallicus, Fab. 10. Omalosoma, Hope N. Holland O. Vigorsii, Hope. 11. Abax, Bonelli England C. Striola, Fab. 12. Percus, Bonelli Spain C. Navaricus, Latreille. 13. Molops, Bonelli England C. Terricola, Fab. 14. Adelosia, Stephens England C. Macer, Marsham. 15. Stereocerus, Kirby N. America S. similis, Kirby.
The last genus named Stereocerus by Mr. Kirby, in the North American Fauna, appears to connect those genera which have robust antennz, as Oma- seus, &c. with those that have those organs more slender, as Pecilus, &c. Its general aspect is that of Curtonotus, but the intermediate tooth of the labium is entire as in Bradytus ; we have therefore in this genus, an interesting form, uniting the Tha- liade and Amaridz. Vide Fauna Boreali Ameri- cana, page 34. I have not included Myas of De Jean among the Thaliade, as most likely it belongs
toa distinct family, it is distinguished from the
oe latter by the terminal article of the labial palpi being large and triangular; in the Thaliade this article is cylindrical. There are various other points of difference which separate Myas from the above group. The following genera, Abaris, Ra- thymus of De Jean, and Strigia and Heteracantha of Brulle, probably belong to Thaliade ; as I am totally unacquainted with their forms, I defer giving a decided opinion respecting them. Laporte, I find, places Myas in the family of Trigonotomide, to it belong four genera, viz. Myas, Lesticus, Tri- gonotoma, and Catadromus, they certainly are all allied to Pecilus. For reference consult Audouin and Brulle, and the writings of Laporte.
Sp. 43. Zerricola.—Now a Pristonychus of De Jean and of the family Dolichide of Audouin and Brulle. The following genera compose it, according to the above authors, and to them they add Calathus, which I detach.
(Doricuip#z, Audouin and Brulle.)
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Synuchus, Gyllenh. England C. Vivalis, Panzer. 2. Pristodactyla, D. J. N. America P. Americana, De Jean. 3. Dolichus, Bonelli Austria C. Flavicornis, Fabricius.
4. Onypterygia, D. J. S. America C. Fulgens, De Jean.
73
I have purposely omitted the genus Calathus, which, in habits, seems to differ from any of the other genera. From the account given of Onypte- rygia, it seems likely that that genus may belong to a distinct family.
Sp. 44. Scrobiculatus. —- Now a Platynus and belonging to the family of Agonide. Colpodes of MacLeay probably belongs to the family of
AGonip&, Kirby.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Platynus, Bonelli England C. Angusticollis, Fabricius. 2. Anchomenus, Bonelli England C. Prasinus, Thunberg. 3. Agonum, Bonellt England C. Marginatus, Linneus. 4, Cardiomerus, Bassz Sicily C. Genei, Bassi. 5. Euleptus, Klug Madagascar Eul. Geniculatus, Klug. 6. Olisthopus, De Jean France — C. Rotundatus, Paykull. 7. Odontonyx, Stephens England C. Rotundicollis, Marsham.
M. M. Audouin and Brulle add to the Agonide the genera Loxocrepis of Eschscholtz and Dyscolus of De Jean; the former belongs to the Lebiade, the latter seems altogether mis-located.
Sp. 47. Planus.—Now a Sphodrus of Clairville. This genus was first separated from Carabus by Clairville. Some modern writers have arranged Sphodrus under the Agonide, I have, in a former
page included Platynus under the Agonide, and
[4
stated my opinion that Sphodrus ought to rank as a family. Pristonychus, which has been separated from Sphodrus on account of its denticulated tarsi, appears to connect the two families; in habits I
regard it as a Sphodrus.
SPHODRIDZ, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Sphodrus, Clairville England C. Leucopthalmus, Linneus. 2. Pristonychus, D. J. England C. Terricola, Paykull. 3. Promecoderus, D. J. New Holland P. Brunnicornis, De Jean. 4, Craterocerus, Hope New Holland C. Brunnicornis, Hope.
In my MSS. I had given the name of Stereocerus to this genus, which I am obliged to alter, as it 1s previously used in Mr. Kirby’s Fauna Boreali Ame- ricana, page 34.
Sp. 48. Striatulus.— This insect appears to be unknown to the Continental Entomologists; it is a -Platysma, and somewhat like the species named PI. cordicollis, by De Jean. It will be figured among the Carabide, among the new genera. I think that it may be considered as the type of a sub- genus, which will include many species of Pla- tysma of the New World.
Sp. 52. Quadricolor.—Now a Chlenius of Bo-
"5
nelli, the genera comprising this family are few in number ; the species may be subdivided artificially into four sections. ‘The first containing all the maculated species, they appear common to Africa and Asia. ‘The second have the external edges of the elytra margined with yellow. The third division have the wings deeply sulcated; and the last are generally of uniform colour and spotless, being either green or black; to the latter section, however, there are some few exceptions. ‘The fol-
lowing genera belong to the family of Chleenius.
SARROTHROPODA, Kirby.
CHLaNIADE, Kirby.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Lissauchenius, MacLeay Java C. Rufifemoratus, Mac Leay. 2. Chlenius, Bonelli Italy C. Spoliatus, Rossi. 3. Epomis, Bonelli Italy C. Circumscriptus, Bonellz. 4. Dinodes, Bonelli France C. Azureus, Duftschmidt. 5. Callistus, Bonelli England C. Lunatus, Fabricius. 6. Vertagus, De Jean Senegal V. Buqueti, De Jean.
Sp. 52. Quadricolor.—Now a Chlenius. I have no doubt that it inhabits the East Indies, as General Hardwicke had in his collection a species from Bengal, which closely suited the Fabrician insect.
The locality of the Cape of Good Hope, mentioned
76 by De Jean, applies to a species resembling the above, yet is certainly distinct. |
Sp. 58. Femoralis.—-Most probably a Chleenius. From the specimen in the Banksian Cabinet, there can be little doubt of it.
Sp. 61. Spinibarbis.—Now a Leistus. I once took this insect in immense numbers congregated together under moss, in the cave of Caractacus, on the Caradock in Shropshire.
Sp. 62. Aneocephalus. —In turning to the de- scription in the Ent. Sys. p. 137, 56, it appears that this insect is likely to be a Peecilus.
Sp. 63. Humeralis.—In the Tables the name of Tarus has been given as including the insects allied to the above species. Latreille’s name of Cymindis
ought to have the preference on the claim of
priority. CyminpiIp&, Lope. Genera. Country. Typical Species. Cymindis, Latreill 1. , Tenia’ Cie ae England C. Humeralis, Fabricius. 2. Anomeeus, Fischer Russia A. Dorsalis, Fischer. 3. Cymindoidea, Laporte Senegal C. Bisignata, De Jean. 4. Corsyra, De Jean Siberia C. Fusula, Fischer. 5. Calleida, De Jean Senegal C. Fasciata, De Jean. 6. Plochionus, De Jean East Indies ? P. Bonsfilii, De Jean. Cryptobatis, Esch. : 7. ; ene De por Brazils C. Cyanoptera, De Jean.
Ve
_ This sub-family seems to be intimately connected with Lebiade ; there are yet wanting other links more intimately to unite them. According to Laporte, the Cymindide follow the family Agride, and precede the Lebiade; from the latter family I detach the genera Demetrias and Dromius, as will be seen in a future page. The generic characters of Anomeus will be found in the Entomographia de la Russie, Vol. 1. page 124.
Sp. 67. Trilobus. —I can give no satisfactory information respecting this insect; it inhabits Guinea and was originally described by Fabricius, from Isert’s Cabinet. 7
Sp. 73. Cinctus——Now a Chlenius of Bonelli; Car. Xanthocrus of Wiedeman, is the same insect, and inhabits the East Indies. C. cinctus Olivier is distinct, and an European species. :
Sr. 75. Rufipes—Now a Patrobus of Megerle, and belonging to the Feronians of Latreille. I am inclined to range with the following genera, Cre-
macanthus of Gray.
PatroBsipz, Kirby.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. - 1. Patrobus, Megerle England Car. Rufipes, Fabricius. 2. Baripus, D. J. Brazils B. Rivalis, Germar.
3. Cnemacanthus, Gray New Holland C. Gibbosus, Gray.
78
Monsieur Audouin suspects that the original word was Petrobus, and not Patrobus, signifying that these insects live chiefly under stones. The Pa- trobide are connected on one hand with the Pogo- nide and with Broschide on the other.
Sp. 76. Elegans.—Probably a Catascopus, and one of the genera of the family of the Pericallide Hope. At page 105 of this manual will be found a table of the genera belonging to it. Little is known respecting the habits of Catascopus. I con- sider that in warm climates it takes the place which Elaphrus does in our northern regions. The species are chiefly blue or green, and are more nu- merous than is generally imagined.
The genera of this family evidently approach the Elaphride, and certainly have a close affinity with them. ‘The situation in which they are placed by the Baron De Jean, namely, before the Anthiade, is clearly anything but a natural arrangement.
Sp. 79. Tenuwcollis. — Fabricius mentions this insect as inhabiting the Cape of Good Hope and the East Indies. The former appears to be its correct locality ; probably two species have been alluded to.
Sp. 80. Ruficollis—Now a Calleida of De Jean. There is a doubt respecting the country of this
79 insect. In Dr. Hunter’s Cabinet, South America is mentioned; I believe it to be from Africa, and agree with Fabricius. Sp. 82. Modestus.—Now a Peryphus of Megerle. Mr. Kirby considers the insects allied to Peryphus, as affording sufficient characters to entitle them
to the rank of a family, the following genera com-
pose it :— SuBULIPALPIA, Kirby. PEeryeHipez, Kirby.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Peryphus, Megerie | England Car. Littoralis. Olivier. 2. Lopha, Megerle France 4-maculata, Linneus. 3. Eudromus, Kirby North America E. Nitidus, Kirby. 4. Tachyta, Kirby North America T. Picipes, Kirby.
Mr. Kirby, in the Fauna Boreali Americana, states that the Peryphidee are distinguished from the Bembidiide, not only by the shape of the thorax, but by having the apex and sides of the elytra nearly smooth, or with obliterated furrows. The latter family is also distinguished from the Peryphide by the elytra having the typical number of furrows, none being obliterated. Vid. page 52 and 57. ,
Sp. 88. Bisbiguttatus—Now a Brachinus. A
80
specimen will be found in the Banksian Cabinet. (Vid. Olivier’s figure.) The above species is evi- dently the same insect as Brachinus 4-pustulatus Fab.
Sp. 93. Festinans.—'This insect now belongs to the genus Calleida De Jean. There are several ‘ other green species from North and South America which are allied to C. festinans Fab.
Sp. 94. Cephalotes—Now a Broschus of Panzer and of the family Broschide : the following genera pertain to it.
Broscuip&, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Broschus, Panzer England Car. Cephalotes, Linn. Miscodera, Esch. d
2. Seneca Stephens England C. Arcticus, Paykull. -
3. Stomis, Clatrville England C. Pumicatus, Illiger.
Other species of Broschus from the East Indies and New Holland will eventually form sub-genera.*
Sp. 95. Megacephalus.—This is now the type of the genus Camptoscelis of De Jean. ‘The Carabus Hottentottus of Olivier 1s only a synonym of Mega- cephala Fab. It seems closely to approach to the Broschide, and may unite them to the Thaliade.
* T have in my collection also some allied genera from the Swan River, belonging to this family. They will be described in the
Fauna Australasie.
81
Sp. 96. Interruptus.—Now a Ditomus of Bonelli. M. M. Audouin and Brulle give a table of the genera and sub-genera of Ditomide. With some of the insects I am acquainted, and therefore, only remark, at present, that there appears in their arrangement an union of forms which belong to families very different to the true Ditomus. ‘The
Morionide unite this family with the Scaritide.
Ditromipa, Audowin.
Genera. Country. | Typical Species. Ditomus, Bonelle France S. Calydonius, Rossi. 1.< Distomus, Leach England Dis. Leachii, Samouelle. Aristus, Ziegler France Dit. Fulvipes, Zat. 2. Carterus, De Jean | Portugal C. Interceptus, De Jean. 3. Glyptus, Brulle East Indies Gl. Sculptilis, Brudlle. 4, Melenus, De Jean | Senegal Mel. Elegans, De Jean. 5. Coscinia, De Jean Egypt Cos. Schuppelii, De Jean.
6. Apotomus, Latreille| Italy Ap. Rufus, Rossi.
Sp. 100. Jmpressus.—Formerly a Rembus of Latreille, as Germar in his Species Insectorum has applied this name to one of the Curculionide. It has been changed by Brulle to Diplocheila, from OurAoos and xetAos, signifying, double-lipped. ‘The following genera belong to the family of Licinide.
82
Licinip#, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Licinus, Latzeille England C. Agaricola, Olivier. 2. Badister, Clairville | England C. 2-pustulatus, Fad. 3. Trimorphus, Stephens| England T. Scapularis, Stephens.
iplocheila, Br ; es 4. See Mane: East Indies C. Impressus, Fabricius. 5. Diccelus, Bonelli North America D. Violaceus, Bonelli. 6. Asporina, Laporte Brazils A. Gigantea, Laporte. 7. Oodes, Bonelli England C. Helopoides, Fad.
Sp. 105. Gibbus.—Now belonging to the genus Zabrus. ‘The insects belonging to this genus are evidently vegetable feeders ; they are at present ar- ranged with the Amaride, as in habits they are closely allied to them. It is likely that at some future period they will be raised to the rank of a family. The genera Curtonotus and Bradytus of Stephens occur in North America and Europe. I am not aware however of any yet discovered genus in the New World which approaches Zabrus of Europe, such a form may naturally be expected to occur.
Sp. 111. Globosus.—It is with doubt that I range this insect under Steropus, it was originally de- scribed by Fabricius from Sehestedt’s Cabinet.
Sp. 117. Posticus. —Probably a Chlenius, as the
general description agrees with many species of
83
that genus. It inhabits the East Indies, and is to be found in Daldorff’s collection im Copen- hagen. Mr. Macleay regards it as a Lissau- chenius. |
Sp. 118. Micans.—Evidently a Chlenius. Olivier gives Senegal as the locality of this msect, which is an error, as I have received it from Bengal, which is the same country that Fabricius has men- tioned.
Sp. 119. Motula.—Most probably a Chleenius. The species referred to by Fabricius is Micans, which according to Olivier’s figure is a Chlenius, “ statura omnino micantis” warrants the conclusion.
Sp. 121, 122, and 123.—From the brief Latin descriptions of the above species, I am inclined to consider them as belonging to Chlenius. They were originally described from the cabinets of Daldorff, Lund, and Sehestedt, as to C. Stigma it may probably be a Planetes of MacLeay.
Sp. 126. Binotatus.—Now an Anisodactylus of De Jean, who has very properly detached it from true Harpalus. Although the Harpalide have been studied by many individuals, few have satisfactorily arranged them. The ‘lables which have been pub- lished by M. M. Audouin and Brulle contain the Ste- nolophidee, which appear to connect Harpalus and
Gy 2
Trechus.
84
genera belonging to the
The following are the genera and sub-
HarpaLip2. Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Anisodactylus, De Jean| Portugal C. Binotatus, Fabricius.
2. Gynandromorphus, D.J.| Italy C. Etruscus, Schonherr.
3. Geobeenus, De Jean ReB. 8. G. Lateralis, De Jean.
4. Harpalus, Latreille England C. Ruficornis, Fabricius.
o. Pangus, De Jean Germany Harp. Scaritides, Sturm.
6. Actephilus, Stephens England C. Vernalis, Dufis.
7. Bradybeenus Senegal C. Sealaris, Olivier.
8. Hypolithus, De Jean Senegal C. Saponarius, Olivier.
9. Ophonus, Ziegler England Harp. Sabulicola, Panzer. 10. Selenophorus, De Jean | N. America C. Palliatus, Fabricius. 11. Geodromus, De Jean Senegal G. Dumolini, De Jean. 12. Gynandropus, De Jean | N. America G. Americanus, De Jean. 13. Diachromus, Esch. Germany C. Germanus, Linneus. 14. Cratocerus, De Jean Brazils C. Monilicornis, De Jean. 15. Somoplatus, De Jean Senegal S. Substriatus, De Jean. 16. Axinotoma, De Jean Senegal Ax. Fallax, De Jean.
The genera belonging to the Harpalide must still be considerably increased. This family, very diversified in form and rich in species, will afford ample employment to any individual bold enough to undertake it. It will be observed that I omit Para- mecus, and place it with the Acimopide ; Acupal- pus and Stenolophus belong also to another family. The latter may be considered as the genus which unites them.
Sp. 127. Fulvicollis.—Now a Lebia of Latreille.
The following genera appear to belong to the Le-
85
biade, after detaching the sub-families Dromiide,
Cymindide, and Pericallide.
Lesiap&, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Lamprias, Bonelli England C. Cyanocephalus, Linneus. 2. Lebia, Latreille England C. Crux minor, Linneus. 3. Physodera, Esch. Manilla C. De Jeanii, Esch. 4. Chelonodema, Laporte | Brazils C. Variabilis, Laporte. 5. Onypterygia, De Jean | East Indies O. Fulgens, De Jean. 6. Orthogonius, MacLeay | East Indies O. Duplicatus, Wiedem. 7, Hexagonia, Kirby East Indies Hex. Terminata, Kirby. 8. Aploa, Hope East Indies Ap. Picta, Hope. 9. Coptodera, De Jean Cuba C. Festiva, De Jean.
The above genera belong to the Lebiade. ‘There are wanting particular forms which may more satis- factorily connect them together. Aploa is between Cymindis and Lebia, Hexagonia is quite an anomaly. I suspect that New Holland is the country from whence this insect comes, and not the Kast Indies.
Sp. 131. Letus.—This insect, n the Appendix to the fourth volume of Fabricius, is compared to C. Lepidus, which is evidently a Peecilus.
Sp. 136. Carnifexz.Now an Antarctia, and one of the genera belonging to the Amaride: for an account of other species the reader is referred to the Species General des Coleopteres by De Jean, to the works of Eschscholtz, and Germar, and also to
the Voyage du Bresil par M. M. Spinx et Martius.
86
{t is not unlikely that some of the species of Amara, described by Mr. Kirby in the Fauna Boreali
Americana, belong to Antarctia. Sp. 137. Vulgaris—Now an Amara of Bonelli ; and the typical genus of the family Amaride.
AMARIDE, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Amara, Bonelli England C. Vulgaris, Linneus. 2. Oodes, Bonelli England C. Helopicides, Fabricius. 3. Acrodon, Zimm. Sweden H. Brunneus, Gy/li. 4. Celia, Zimm. Germany H. Bifrons, G'yll. 5. Bradytus, Stephens England C. Ferrugineus, Fabricius. 6.3 Carteno tie, Stephens . England C. Convexiusculus, Marsh. ¢ Leirus, Megerle 7. Percosia, Zimm. Sicily Per. Sicula, De Jean. 8. Leiocnemis, Zimm. Caucasus L. Cordicollis, Menetries 9. Amathites, Zimm. Egypt A. Hgyptia, Klug. 10. Antarctia, De Jean Buenos Ayres An. Carnifex, Fabricius. 11. Lophidius, De Jean Sierra Leone L. Testaceus, De Jean.
To the above genera might also be added Zabrus, as this genus has been considered worthy of family distinction by Zimmerman, in his valuable Mono-
graph. I give the genera composing it.
ZABRIDE, Zimmerman.
Genera. Country. | Typical Species. 1. Eutroctes, Zimm. |S. Russia E. Congener, Zimm.
2. Zabrus, Clairville _ England Car. Gibbus, Fabricius. Pelorus, Bonelli | ; eae 3.) Shane aes < b Austria Bl. Spinipes, Fabricius.
> © Pelobatus, Fischer | 4. Polysitus, Zimm. | Asia Minor ? P. Faretus, Zimm.
Or
. Acorias, Zimm. | Egypt | A. Metallescens, Ziv.
97
For an abstract of the genera of Amaride, the reader is referred to the Faunus of Gistl, published at Munich in 1832.
Sp. 139. Integer.—This insect 1s compared with C. Latus; Vid. Sys. Supp. 58. 128. It is most likely therefore a Bradytus, which occurs in North America.
Sp. 144. Helopiordes.— Now an Oodes of Bonelli. For an account of the species belonging to this genus consult the 2nd and 3rd volumes Des Annales de la Societé Entomologique de France, Germar’s Magazine, and the Zoological Atlas by Eschscholtz. _ In my own collection are three nondescripts from New Holland.
Sp. 147. Erythrocephalus.—This is the same insect as Nebria picicornis. Erichson, however, states that it is only a variety of Harpalus fulvipes.
Sp. 148. Anals.—Probably a Leistus. Erichson makes it a variety of Bradytus apricarius.
Sp. 149. Lineola.—An Agonoderus of De Jean ; and one of the genera composing the Acinopide of M. M. Audouin and Brulle. I add their Tables,
as some of the genera are unknown to me.
88
AcInopipm, Audouin.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Acinopus, De Jean France C. Picipes, Olivier. 2. Eucephalus, Laporte PBs. Euc. Capensis, Laporte. 3. Amblygnathus, De Jean| Cayenne Amb. Cephalotes, De Jean. 4. Platymetopus, De Jean | Senegal Pl. Notitus, De Jean. 5. Barysomus, De Jean Mexico B. Hopfneri, De Jean. 6. Cratognathus, De Jean | Buenos Ayres C. Mandibularis, De Jean. 7. Daptus, Fischer Russia D. Vittatus, Fischer. 8. Agonoderos, De Jean North America | C. Lineola, Fabricius.
9. Paramecus, De Jean Monte Video P. Cylindricus, De Jean. 10. Cratacanthus, De Jean | North America | C. Pensylvanicus, De Jean. il. Hippoletis, Laporte Senegal Hip. Rufa, Laporte.
Sp. 151. Pallidus.—This insect, according to Paykull, is considered a variety of (Bradytus) ferru- oineus Fab. ; in the Banksian Cabinet this species is Plochionus Bonsfilu.
Sp. 153. Surinamensis.—This insect was described from Lund’s Cabinet, in the Ent. Syst. p. 156. There is added, “statura omnino C. pallens ut duplo fere minor,” leaving us in doubt where to place it.
Sp. 154. Dorsiger.—I can find no account of this species in any modern author ; it was described from Vahl’s collection.
Sp. 161. Duiscoideus.—Erichson makes this insect a true Harpalus, and synonymous with H. Petifii
and Smaragdinus, Duft.
89
Spe. 163. Vestitus.—This is the same species as
_C. marginatus of Linneus. The latter name should
be adopted. Sp. 166. Quadrum. —Now a Tetragonoderus of
De Jean; and one of the genera belonging to Ste-
nolophide. STENOLOPHID#A, Hope. Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Stenolophus, Ziegler England C. Vaporariorum, Linneus. 2. Masoreus,* Ziegler England M. Luxatus, De Jean. 3. Amphasius, Vewman. N. America A. Fulvicollis, Newman. § Trechus, Clairville England C. Meridianus, Linneus. 4,“ Acupalpus, Latreille ——. ae Bradycellus, Hrichson | Sweden Harp. placidus, Gyll. 5. Blemus, Ziegler England C. Discus, Fabricius. 6. Epaphius, Leach England C. Secalis, Panzer. 7. ZEpus, Leach England ZEp. Fulvescens, Leach. 8. Tetragonoderus, De Jean| Senegal C. Quadrum, Fabricius. 9. Lachnophorus, De Jean| Cayenne L. Impressus, Brulle. 10. Aretharia, Say N. America A. Type unknown.
Mr. Kirby in his Fauna Boreali Americana has given us two families, the Stenolophide and Tre- chide. Stenolophus certainly appears closely allied to the Harpalide, and conduct us on to Trechide, as these sub-families are most intimately connected I have thrown them together. The genus Ampha-
sia Newman is another link between Masoreus and
_ Harpalus, as all the other genera terminate in us,
Amphasia as well as Aretharia should do the same.
* For an account of the Species of Masoreus, Vid. Gistl’s
Faunus, page 119. '
YO
For an account of the generic characters of the for- mer genus, vide 24th number of the Entomological Magazine for April 1838.
Sp. 168. Rufibarbis.—This insect by several per- | sons has been considered as a Leistus of Frolich; in Die Kafer der Mark Brandenburg, Erichson as- serts it to be a variety of Harpalus fulvipes; vide page 50, Erster Band.
Sp. 169. Flavilabris.—Probably a Dioryche Mac- Leay, or rather a Colpodes ? ‘This insect was described from Daldorff’s Cabinet : in the Supplement occurs ‘‘ affinis C. palliato (Selonophoro D.J.) at distinctus et paullo major, elytra striata apicé sinuata.” It is evident from the above description that it cannot be a Selonophorus ; Mr. MacLeay therefore is pro- bably right in his conjectures, as far as relates to the genus. (Vide Annul. Javan. page 22.)
Sp. 171. JLividus.—Described originally from Lund’s Cabinet ; and is most likely an immature Amara.
Sp. 173. Notulatus.—From the Fabrician descrip- tion I consider this insect a Panageeus. Mr. Mac- Leay in his Annulosa Javanica regards it as allied to Dromuus.
Sp. 176. Cruz maor.-—Certainly a Panageus ; the following genera belong to the family Pana-
oveldee.
91
Panacaipaz, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Loricera, Latreille England C, Pilicornis, Fabricius. 2. Panageus, Latreille England C. Crux major, Linneus. 3. Eurysoma, Overleitner | Brazils? E. Tenebroides, Klug. 4, Tefflus, Leach Senegal T. Megerlei, Leach. 5. Coptia, Laporte Cayenne C. Armata, Laporte. 6. Dercylus, Laporte. Brazils Ater, Laporte. 7. Brachyguathus, Perty | S. America B. Festivus, Perty. 8. Geobius, De Jean Buenos Ayres G. Pubescens, De Jean. 9. Craspedophorus, Hope | Coromandel C. Reflexus, Fabricius. 10. Pelecium, Kirby Brazils P. Cyanipes, Kirby. 11
. Eripus, De Jean Mexico E. Scydmenoides, DeJean.
The above genera, according to modern arrange- ment, belong to the Panageide. ‘Tefflus, by Brulle and Audouin, is justly located; but I cannot agree with them concerning Pamborus, which if it does not belong to the Carabide, must naturally belong to a peculiar family, which I would name Pambo- ride. Some of the genera of this group are un- known. Should it turn out that there is a differ- ence in the thorax of the sexes, it must be arranged de novo.
Sp. 177. Crux minor.—In the Banksian Cabinet the species labelled Crux minor is evidently Steno- lophus vaporariorum ; there are two specimens re- maining.
Sp. 178. Vittatus.—Now a Lebia of Latreille, it
Q2
was described originally from the cabinet of the un- fortunate Yeats. I cannot learn what became of his collection. There is in the library of the Linnean Society a presentation copy of Yeats’s Institutions of Entomology, which was given to Sir James Smith, the president. The marginal illustrations are co- loured by Mr. Sydenham Edwards, and are far supe- rior to any entomological drawings of that period.
Sp. 180. Angulatus.—This species has in later years been described under the name of Panagzeus tomentosus, Vid. Zool. Journal. The Baron De Jean gives, in his last Catalogue, Cychrus reflexus Fab. as a variety of Panagzeus tomentosus; the species differ entirely.
Sp. 190. Velox.—The specimens in the Banksian Cabinet labelled Velox are only varieties of Ancho- menus sordidus, Marsham.
Sp. 192. Preustus.—Schonherr, in his note relat- ing to this species, writes, ‘‘sive idem ac C. rufes- cens sive varietas C. 4-maculati vix enim species distincta, vid. p. 213,°257. Wheer=1s"o1 opinion that it is only a variety of C. 4-maculatus.
Sp. 194. Lunatus.—Now a Callistus. I have lately received from the East Indies a species of this genus, which I name pulchellus; I am not aware
of its previous occurrence in Asia.
93 Sp. 196. Cursor. — Apparently a variety of C.
micros Herbst, which is at the present day a Trechus. |
Sp. 198. Vaporariorum.—Now a Stenolophus of Ziegler. In the Banksian Cabinet, the insect labelled as Vaporariorum is Anchomenus prasinus.
Sp. 201. Comma.—Probably an Agonoderus. This insect was originally described from Drury’s collection ; it has never, I believe, been figured, and has scarcely been mentioned in any other entomo- | logical work but that of Iliger, who considers it a variety of Agon. furcatum, or C. lineola Fab.
Sp. 211. Smaragdulus.—From the Fabrician de- scription, and locality, [ am inclined to consider this insect as a Catascopus.
Sp. 213. Testaceus.—Now an Epaphius of Dr. Leach, and most likely a pale variety of C. secalis. Vid. Stephens’s Illustrations of British Entomology.
Sp. 215. Abbreviatus.—Fabricius in his Eleuthe- ratorum adds a note to this species, ‘ Nullo modo Staphylinus caraboides huc pertinet.” Abbreviatus Fab. is only a synonym of St. caraboides, Linn. 1. 635. By many this insect is considered as a link uniting the Carabide and Brachelytra.
Sp. 222. Truncatellus.—The type of the genus Philorhyzus Hope, one of the genera of the sub-
family of Dromiide. The two following species
04
may be mentioned as pertaining to it, D. foveolus of Stephens, and D. punctatellus of De Jean; others also will be found in our northern European collec-— tions. For an account of the British Dromii, consult Mr. Babington’s Monograph in the Entomological
‘Transactions of London, vol. 1. c. 80, 1.
CARABIDZA FABRICIANA.
CaraBoipgEA, Hope.
Having finished my observations on the species of Cychrus and Carabus, mentioned by Fabricius, I should pass to Manticora, which appears next on the Tables among the Carabideous genera, but as it has already been treated of as a distinct family under the name of Manticoride; the next group we have to consider are the Scaritide. The genera
pertaining to it are as follows :
ScARITIDA, Leach.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Pasimachus, Bonelli ‘N. America S. Depressus, Fabricius.
2. Seapterus, De Jean East Indies S. Guerini, De Jean.
3. Acanthoscelis, Latreille| P. B.S. S. Ruficornis, Fabricius.
in 5 ee Bonelli New Holland } C.Cyansum)Fageewe
Armidius, Leach
5. Oxygnathus, De Jean | East Indies S. Elongatus, Wiedem.
6. Eutomus, Newman New Holland E. Tinctilatus, Vewman.
7. Scarites, Fabricius S. France S. Gigas, Olivier.
8. Oxystomus, Latreille Brazils Ox. Cylindricus, De Jean.
9. Camptodontus, De Jean| Cayenne C. Cayennensis, De Jean. . 10. Clivina, Latredlle England C. Arenaria, Fabricius.
11. Dyschirius, Panzer England S. Gibbus, Fabricius.
95 Genus 5. Oxyenatuus, De Jean.
I formerly gave to this genus the name of Arpe- phorus, which had better be abandoned ; it is con-
sequently not inserted in the Tables.
Genus 6. Euromus, Newman.
For the generic characters of this genus, the reader is referred to the Entomological Magazine
of the year 1838, No. 22, page 170.
FABRICIAN SCARITID.
Sr. 3. Testaceus.—Schonherr still retains this insect among the Scaritide; from the description it appears to be an immature specimen, the species being almost invariably black.
Sp. 6, 10, 12.—These insects are all of them deposited in the Museum at Copenhagen, where we may be enabled to glean further intelligence re- specting them; apparently they are unknown to most Entomologists.
Sp. 18. Cursor.—Not unlikely to turn out an immature variety of a species of Dyschirius.
Sp. 19. Aralis—Probably the type of a new genus, as the thorax is mentioned as being serrated. This insect was collected in the East by the inde- fatigable Forskahl.
96
Catosoma, Fabricius.
Amongst my remarks on the Linnean Caraboidea. will be found a Table of the genera of the Carabide. | I have only to observe, before entering on the spe- cies, that Fabricius included under Calosoma, the Heteromerous genus Adelium, mistaking analogy for affinity. I have only alluded to three species in the Tables ; ten are recorded by Fabricius, as to the rest they require no further notice.
Sp. 6. Sertceum.—This insect occurs at Hambro’ and in Russia, and in various parts of Germany, enjoying an extended range. De Jean makes Cal. Caspium Fischer a variety of the above. It seems doubtful if C. auropunctatum can be con- sidered as the same species. Dr. Fischer adds a sub-genus Callisthenes, which may be regarded as one of Calosomidous genera. ‘Type, C. Pander.
Sp. 10. Longicornis.—This species of Calosoma appears to be unknown to most of the Continental collectors, not having occurred since the days of Fabricius ; it was originally described from Sehes- tedt’s Cabinet, on the authority of Schousboe, the locality is Morocco. This species was accidentally omitted in my Tables; it is too late now to alter
the press.
F2
GateERita, Fabricius.
The passage from the Cicindeloidea to the Cara- boidea, by Mr. Kirby’s arrangement, is through the family of Agride ; by Mr. Stephens’ method, by the Dryptide ; and according to the Comte de Castel- neau, by means of Odacanthide. It is immaterial by which family we proceed, each of them bearing a close affinity to the other. De Jean, in his last Catalogue, proceeds from the Collyride to the Odacanthide: as this plan accords not with the Fabrician arrangement but with my views, we will first examine the genera of Dryptidee, and then the
remaining allied families.
Dryrtipaz, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Zuphium, Latreille Italy G. Olens, Fabricius. 2. Polistichus, Bonellz England G. Fasciolatus, Fabricius. » § Diaphorus, De Jean Ca F
OF tise Rypanie, Lay. , yenne D. Lecontei, De Jean. 4. Drypta, Fabricius England D. Emarginata, Fabricius. 5. Trichognathus, Latretlle| Brazils T. Marginatus, Guerin. 6. Eunostus, Laporte Madagascar E. Latreillii, Laporte. 7. Galerita, Fabricius N. America G. Americana, Fabricius. 8. Schidonychus, Klug Brazils S. Brasiliensis, Klug. 9. Desera, Leach Morocco Cylindricollis, Fabricius.
Such are the genera belonging to the Dryptide at present; Fabricius, among the species of his
H
98
Galerita, adds two insects belonging to other fami- lies, viz. Planetes and Siagona.
Sp. 2. Attelaboides.—This species is evidently a Galerita; from examining the specimen in the Banksian Cabinet, I find that it closely approaches in its form Gal. Africana D.J., of which species I am inclined to think it the other sex. It may be stated that the thorax of Attelaboides is similar to Gal. uni- color D.J.; the insect is all black, its elytra are not so broad as the true Africana; imstead of adding the locality of India, I suspect it to be from Sierra Leone.
Sp. 3. Hirta.—This insect is an Omphra of Leach, a Planetes of MacLeay, and pertains to the family of Helluonide ; the table of the genera com- posing it will be found at the end of the Fabrician Caraboidea. At page 215 of the Eleutheratorum there is a singular remark, after stating that Hirta inhabits ‘Tranquebar, the description is given and. terminated thus, ‘‘ Character generis e Gal. Ameri- cana desumptus.” It may here be remarked that Galerita has never been found in the East Indies ; the genus alluded to is evidently one of the Helluo- nidz and a Planetes of MacLeay. I think it will be found eventually that all the species of Helluo of the New World differ generally from those of
99
the Old Continent. The true type of the genus Helluo is H. Costatus Leach, a New Holland insect, differing entirely from other Asiatic species.
Sp. 5, 6, 7, & 8, belong to the Siagonide. The two genera belonging to this sub-family are Ence- ladus of Bonelli, and Siagona of Latreille. It seems, according to Laporte, that Leevigatus, (nt. Syst. p. 143, No. 86), is an Enceladus, the country of it is probably Cayenne.
Bracuinus, Fabricius. The genera belonging to this family, according
to the French writers, are the following :
Bracuinip2&, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Pheropsophus, Solier St. Domingo B. Complanatus, Fabricius 2. Brachinus, Weber England Car. Crepitans, Linneus. 3. Aptinus, Bonelli Austria C. Mutilatus, Fabricius. 4. Pseudaptinus, Laporte | Brazils P. Albicornis, Laporte. Ictinus, Laporte Cayenne Ic. Rogerii, De Jean. ee Perty €. America P. Striola, Perty. 6. Nomius, Laporte East Indies ? N. Greecus, Laporte. Physea, Brulle —_—— P. Testudinea, Brulle. Mboausiias, Solter Brazils T. Rufus, Solier.
The four first genera of this family may be considered as true Brachinide, the remaining three will eventually no doubt be formed into a sub- family, as they most probably belong to the
Ozenide. : H 2
100
Pueropsorpuus, Soler.
This genus includes all the gigantic species of Brachinus Fab. ; they are chiefly from exotic and 3 tropical countries, black and yellow being the pre- dominating colours; the lateral margins of the
wings are strongly elevated.
Bracuinus. Weber.
The insects belonging to true Brachinus are small in size compared with Pheropsophus; the prevailing colours are red and green; the elytra are rarely so deeply striated as in the latter genus. For references to the four remaining genera con- sult Audouin et Brulle’s Hist. Nat. des Insectes, vol. 1. page 240. L’Histoire Nat. des Anim. Articulés par Laporte de Castelneau, Livaraison 9,
and refer also to page 108 of this number.
| FABRICIAN SPECIES.
Sp. 1. 2-maculatus.—In the tables this insect is given as a Brachinus, it is a Pheropsophus of Solier.
Sp. 2. Nigripennis—Now an Aptinus. De Jean thinks this insect the same as Fastigiatus of
Olivier; itis no longer a matter of doubt that
101
Fastigiatus of Fabricius is the same as Olivier’s insect.
Sp. 6. 3-pustulatus.—This msect cannot be con. sidered an Helluo; the specimens in the Banksian Cabinet are decidedly of the genus Pheropsophus.
In terminating my observations on the Brachi- nide, it may be stated with regard to the habits of these insects, that the European species live chiefly beneath stones, they are gregarious, and live, as far as I have observed, chiefly on the roots of grass. I have known a dead individual remain a long period, untouched by its confederates, living beneath the same stone. Westermann in- forms us that the larger species in India, allied to Bimaculatus live beneath the bark of Palm trees, probably the whole of them are naturally vegetable feeders; one part deriving nutriment by sucking grasses, the other feeding more particularly on the
luscious sap of trees.
Antutia, Fabricius.
As the table of the genera belonging to this sub-family has been given in my observations on
the Caraboidea of Linneus, I shall merely remark
on the species.
102
Sp. 4. 6-guttata.-- The type of the genus Pachymorpha, a new species lately received from the East Indies, will be figured among the new — genera at the end of this part of the Manual.
Sp. 12. Umbraculata.—This species is little known, from the description of the joints of the antenne being compressed, it is probable that Brulle derived his notion of the genus Piezia. It is not unlikely that the above species will prove to be his P. axillaris. For an account of the species of Anthia, refer to Lequien’s monograph of that
genus.
Acra, Fabricius.
Mr. Kirby raises Agra to the rank of a family, uniting it with Casnonia; Laporte more suitably ranges the latter genus with Odacanthide; he considers Agra as belonging to the Ctenodactylide, preferrmg Mr. Kirby’s term on many accounts, but more particularly as Agra is the typical genus of the family. I consider Ctenodactyla in the light
of an allied genus. Acrip&, Kirby.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
'. Agra, Fabricius Cayenne A. Enea, Fabricius. 2. Ctenodactyla, De Jean Carolina Ct. Chrevrolatii.
103
With regard to Agra it may very properly be subdivided into three sections, according as the species are toothed at the extremity of the wings, and into a fourth where the dentation is evanescent. There are about 50 known species in the European cabinets, for an account of them Vid. Etudes Entomologiques, by Laporte, vol. 1. page 45.
Sp. 3. Attelaboides. —The Baron De Jean has stated his opinion that this is an American insect. I have received it from the East Indies and can therefore substantiate the authority of Fabricius, he describes it with a remark, ‘“‘ Habitat in India Orientali, Przecedenti affinis videtur, an satis dis- tincta;” the dentation at the extremity of the wings of Agra settles the question. I regard it as the type of a new genus closely allied to Casnonia, and consequently belonging to the Odacanthide instead of Agra.
Opacantua, Fabricius.
The following genera belong to the Odacanthide, Monsieur Laporte de Castelneau is the first person
who raised it to the rank of a family.
104
Ovacantuipe, Laporte.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Casnonia, Latreille N. America C. Pensylvanica, Fabricius. | Casnoidea, Laporte ;
2) Ganionen were \ East Indies C.Cyanocephala, Fabricius.
3. Lasiocera, De Jean Senegal L, Nitidula, De Jean. Leptotrachelus, Zat. :
aneain Oho) \ N. America Lep. Dorsalis, Fabricius.
5. Rhagocrepis, Esch. Brazils R. Riedelii, Eschscholtz.
6. Stenidia, Brulle Senegal St. Unicolor, Brulle.
7. Stenocheila, Laporte Cayenne
St. Lacordairei, Laporte.
8. Odacantha, Fabricius England Att. Melanurus, Linneus.
Cordistes, Latreille is 4 Calopheena, Klug i Cayenne C. Acuminatus, Olivier. 10. Trigonodactyla, DeJean| Senegal T. Terminata, De Jean. j Miscelus, Klug 7 Leptodaetyla, moe! Java M. Javanus, Klug.
For references to the above genera, consult the works of Laporte, Audouin, and Brulle; as well as those of Latreille, Klug, De Jean, Eschscholtz, and Say. ,
Sp. 3. 3-pustulata. ‘This insect is described as being found in Paris, and was originally in the pos- session of Mons. Tigny; as it is impossible to believe that any other Odacantha than Melenura is found in the vicinity of Paris, some other insect must have been confounded with it; the only genus that ap- proaches the form is Anthicus; as no size 1s men- tioned, it is impossible to speak with any certainty
respecting 3-pustulata.
105
Dryeta, Fabricius.
As the genera of this family will be found in a former page, it is only necessary to remark on the second species.
Sp. 2. Cylindricollis.—Now of the genus Desera of Leach. It differs chiefly from Drypta in having the first joint of the antenne very long, the palpi are proportionably larger, and the last jomt is more dilated than in the latter genus. The tropical species are numerous, abounding particularly in the Kast Indies, the largest species are from Sierra Leone.
E.apurus, Fabricius.
The genera composing this family will be found under the Linnean Cicindelide with which they were at that time arranged. ‘They are intimately allied to the Pericallide; as this sub-family has acci-
dentally been passed by, I now insert it.
PERICALLIDA, Zope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. . Catascopus, Kirby East Indies . Hardwickii, Kirby. . Cicindeloides, M. L. Memnonius, De Jean.
. Pericalus, MocZLeay | Java
. Dyscolus, De Jean | American Isles . Arsinoe, Laporte Madagascar
. Promecoptera, D. J.| East Indies
. Eurydera, Laporte | Madagascar
. Thyreopterus, D. J. | Senegal
. Nycteis, Laporte Madagascar
. Eucheila, De Jean | Brazil
10. Beleophorus, Klug | Madagascar
. 4-guttatus, Laporte. . Marginalis, Wiedeman. Armata, Klug.
Flavosignatus, De Jean. Madagascarensis, Lap. Flavilabris, De Jean.
. Cyanipennis, Klug.
oeaeronrdsoar wwe pe ze pvp wo
106
This family may be considered as a receptacle for various doubtful forms, uniting the whole of the Lebiade. By Catascopus we pass readily to the Elaphride.
FABRICIAN ELAPHRIDA.
Sp. 3. Striatus—Now a Bembidium. By some authors this species has been considered a Nothio- philus.—Vid. Schon. page 247. On the authority of Mr. Stephens, I gave it as a Bembidium.
Sp. 5. Atratus.—Described originally from Hyb- ner’s Cabinet. It is probably an Elaphrus; the
remaining species are scarcely worthy of a remark.
Scotytus, Fabricius.
Omoruron, Latreille.
As the Fabrician name was originally applied to a genus of Bostrichide, that of Latreille is adopted and is more appropriate. It was intended to ex- press the agreement of authors respecting the ar- rangement of these singular insects. They unite the terrestrial and aquatic Caraboidea. In form Omophron is like Haliplus; it lives in the same element, and walks with facility at the bottom of
rivers, in this respect evincing an affinity to the
107
Carabide ; other forms will yet occur connecting it more closely with the swbaguatic Elaphride. Iam
induced to rank them as a family under the name of
CycLosomipa, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Omophron, Lat. France C. Limbatum, Fab. 2. Cyclosomus, Lat. East Indies C. Flexuosus, Fab. 3. Metrius, Esch. Kamschatka M. Contractus, Esch.
This genus terminates the Carabide of Fabricius, as inadvertently I have omitted some families, and purposely passed over others which may tend to connect the Caraboidea together, I now insert them
before proceeding to investigate the aquatics.
Ozanip&, Hope.
When I grouped my Carabide, after examining Mons. Audouin’s tables of genera belonging to the Brachinide, I felt convinced that Ozzena and its affi- nities were decidedly belonging to a distinct family, with this opinion, I am glad to find another individual agrees. In Guerin’s Magazine will be found the genera and sub-genera of Ozena, which are in my
opinion allied to Helluo in form, and may have the
Brachinating power as well as some of the Cicin-
108
delide. Its affinity with true Brachinus still re-
mains to be ascertained.
Ozznip&, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Ozeena, Olivier Cayenne Oz. Dentipes, Olivier. 2. Ictinus, Laporte Cayenne Ic. Tenebrioides, Laporte. 3. Goniotropis, Gray Brazils G. Brasiliensis, Gray. 4, Pseudozeena, Lap. Java P. Megacephala, Laporte. ( Physea, Brulle Brazils P. Testudinea, Laporte. * @Trachelyzus, Solier | Brazils T. Rufus, Solier. A 6. Pachyteles, Perty S. America P. Striola, Perty. 7. Nomius, Laporte Asia Minor N. Greeeus, Laporte. 8. Melisodera, West. N. Holland M. Picipennis, Westwood. Basoleia, Westwood | Brazils B. Brasiliensis, Westwood. 9.< Axinophorus, Gray ae Semana d Catapiesis, Brulle | Brazils C. Nitida, Brudle.
The genera composing the Brachinide men- tioned at page 99 require alteration, as it is too late now to cancel the press, I consider the first four as Brachinide. The remainder, with some others,
form the above Table.
HrtTErRoMorPHIDE, Hope.
This family ranks under its genera some of the most singular forms to be found in our collections ;
they appear to be allied to the Helluonide.
109
Herrromorpuipa, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. Heteromorpha, Kirby | Georgia H. Excrucians, Kirby.
Drepanus, De Jean N. America D. Lecontei, De Jean. *) Axinophorus, Zatreille a Pseudomorpha, Kirby
2. Silphomorpha, West. N. Holland S. Fallax, Westwood.
3. Sphallomorpha, West. N. Holland Sp. Decipiens, Westwood, 4. Adelotopus, Hope N. Holland A. Gyrinoides, Hope.
The references for some of these genera will be found in the Linnean ‘Transactions, Vol. 14. page 101; and in the Entomological Transactions. Vid. New Coleoptera, Vol. 1. Those named by Mr. Westwood will be described in the Fauna Austra-
lasiee.
Morton1p&, Hope.
This family appears to unite on one hand the Scaritide and Siagonidz, and on the other the Ditomide and Thaliade; the following genera belong to the
Morionipa, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Morio, Latreille N. America M. Monilicornis, Latreii/e.
5 Campylocnemis, West. ’ Hyperion, Laporte.
3. Hemiteles, Brulle Madagascar H. Interruptus, Bridie. 4. Homalomorpha, Brulle | Cayenne ud. Castanea, Bruile.
2, N. Holland Se. Schrotteri, Schonherr.
110
I am not at all satisfied with this sub-family. The tables of Audouin and Brulle have been adopted, with the exception of the genus Catapiesis, which - is apparently an Ozena. Campylocnemis, in my opinion, ought to be united with the Trigonoto- mide, if it is not considered as an intermediate between Morio and Catadromus. Of the habits
of these insects we are altogether ignorant.
HrLLuonipa%, Hope.
Genera. | Country. Typical Species. 1. Helluo, Bonelli N. Holland H. Costatus, Bonelli. 2, Hnigma, Newman N. Holland fin. Iris, Newman. 3. Planetes, MacLeay East Indies Pl. 2-maculatus, MacLeay. 4. Macrocheilus, Kirby, East Indies Mac. Bensoni, Kirby. o- Omphra, Leach East Indies Gal. Hirta, Fabricius. 6. Pleuracanthus, Gray _ Brazils Pl. Sulcipennis, Gray. 7. Helluomorpha, Lap. Brazils Hel. Heros, Laporte.
True Helluo belongs to New Holland, the East Indian sub-genera are allied to it; there is a pro- bability that the sexes of some of these genera, when better known, will lead us to a more accurate erouping than can at present be done. Helluo- morpha of the New World will eventually be sub- divided into several sub-genera. For an account of the characters of Ainigma, Vid. Ent. Mag. fifteenth part, page 449, where the details are published by Mr. Newman.
lil
Poconipm, Kirby.
Genera. Country.
Pogonus, Ziegler.
1 q Raptor, Megerle Hpgiantl Cardiaderns, D. J. tes%, o ; Daptus, Fischer Siberia 3. Melanotus, De Jean Buenos Ayres 4. Omphreus, De Jean Montenegro 5. Stenomorphus, D.J.| Carthagena
Typical Species:
P. Burrellii, Hawort?..
C. Chloroticus, Gebler.
M. Flavipes, De Jean. O. Morio, Pareyss.
|S. Angustatus, De Jean.
The next family (which was purposely omitted) is
the Trigonotomide of Laporte; as no insects men-
tioned by Fabricius can with any certainty be as-
cribed to that family, excepting probably some of
the exotic Pecili, I deferred introducing them till the
present moment. In my remarks on the Thaliade
(Feroniade olim), I merely alluded to Myas and
some few genera which have been classed under the
Typical Species.
M. Chalybeus, Ziegler. L. Janthinus, De Haan. O. Viridicollis, MacLeay. C. Tenebrioides, Olivier.
family Triconotomipa, Laporte. Genera. Country.
1. Myas, Ziegler | Hungary
2. Lesticus, De Jean Java
3. Trigonotoma, D. J. Java
4. Catadromus, M.L. Java
©. Euchroa, Brulle Unknown
§ Microcephalus, D.J,|, r Cynthia, Latreille
7- Microcheila, Brulle Madagascar 8. Distrigus, De Jean East Indies 9. Abacetus, De Jean Senegal
10. Drimostoma, Brulle Cayenne
G. Brazils
E. Nitidicollis, Brudle. M. Depressicollis, De Jean.
M. Picea, Brulle.
D. 2-pustulatus, Brule. D. Crenulatus, De Jean. D. fuscipes, Brulle.
112
Such are the genera given by M. M. Audouin, Brulle, and Laporte. As to Myas it is quite out of place, nor do I know where at present it should — be located. ‘The affinity of Thaliade with the pre- sent family is seen at once, by connecting Trigono- toma with Peecilus; the former genus may be re- garded in the East as representing in those coun- tries, what Peecilus does in our northern climes. The two remaining genera which have been omitted are Colpodes and Mormolyce. The former 1s closely allied to Anchomenus: for a figure refer to the Annulosa Javanica. As to the latter my opinion has formerly been stated in my observations on the Indian Fauna, published by Dr. Royle ; instead of placing it with the Sphrodide, as Latreille has done, I locate it near Agra. If we take away the greatly dilated wings, in thorax and in form it re- sembles that genus; moreover I believe it to be a vegetable feeder, and that it lives under bark of trees, has, I believe, already been ascertained.
In concluding my observations on the Caraboidea I am willing to allow that the group, as to variety of form, is one of the most interesting that can en- gage our attention. In numbers -they are inferior to the Lamellicorns, in elegance they cannot be
compared with the Cicindelidz, and in beauty and
113
splendour they must yield to the rich metallic Bu- prestide. If we look to more important ends, viz. the actual benefit derived from groups of insects, and then contrast the Caraboidea with the Lamellicorns, Entomologists, at least, if not others, will allow the superiority of the latter. As to the grouping of the families, I by no means consider them satisfactory ; it has been my endeavour to place before the reader what has been done, and, as far as the extent of my private library goes, the modern genera have been weeded out of many volumes, and incorporated in this Manual. If some of the various sub-divisions turn out to be in accordance with nature, my time has not altogether been thrown away. If others prove erroneous, and these errors should induce others to pay attention to isolated groups, and reconstruct them more accurately, I shall equally also not have
written in vain.
115
DYTISCUS, Linnevs. DYTICUS, GeorrFRoy. HYDROPHILIDZ anv DYTICIDA, Leacu.
Linnean Species.
- Piceus . Caraboides . Scarabzeoides
Fuscipes Luridus
. Latissimus
Marginalis Semistriatus
. Striatus . Fuscus
. Cinereus . Sticticus - Sulcatus . Erythrocephalus
Maculatus
. Ferrugineus
Bipustulatus
- Ovatus - Palustris
Uliginosus Bimaculatus
- Granularis - Minutus
. Natator . Americanus
England England England England England Germany England England England England England Barbary England England England England England England England England France England Engiand
Country.
Genera of Authors.
Hydrous, Linneus, MSS. Hydrophilus, Auctorum. Hydrobius, Leach. Hydrobius, Leach. Berosus, Germar. Dyticus, Geoffroy. Dyticus, Geoffroy.
Colymbetes, Clairville. Colymbetes, Clairville. Graphoderus, Eschscholtz. Eunectes, Erichson. Acilius, Leach. Hydroporus, Clairville. Necticus, Hope.
Haliplus, Latredlle. Necticus, Hope.
| Hyphidrus, Z7liger.
Hydroporus, Clairville. Necticus, Hope. Phaleria, Zatreille. Hydroporus, Clairville. Laccophilus, Leach.
GYRINUS, Liyneus.
England
N. America
A pees
Gyrinus, Auctorum. Cyclous, E'schscholtz.
a ea fs ae PSE BSC OUR WOHD HM SOBRIYAMRE wD
wo ww o> Or
116
HYDROPHILUS, Fasrictivs. HYDROPHILIDA, Leacu.
Fabrician Species.
. Emarginatus . Piceus Seater,
. Olivaceus
Caraboides
. Ellipticus . Lateralis
Abbreviatus
. Rufipes
. Scarabzeoides
. Picipes
. Orbicularis
. Subrotundus
. Bicolor
. Collaris
. Testaceus
- Undatus
. Erythrocephalus . Hemorrhoidalis . Marginellus
. Attenuatus
. Obscurus
. Luridus
- Melanocephalus . Griseus
26. Striatulus
27. 28. 29. 30. 31.
mo to
2-punctatus Minutus Pygmeeus Nigriceps Truncatellus
Country.
England England S. America Coromandel England ~ Guinea S. America S. America Sumatra England England Germany America England Ss. America England S. America Europe ? Germany Germany East Indies England England England Saxony Germany England England American Isles East Indies | Denmark
Genera of Authors.
Spercheus, Fabricius.
Hydrous, Linneus.
eee
Hydrophilus, Fab. Hydrophilus ? Tropisternus, Solier. Hydrous? Linneus. Hydrophilus, Leach. Hydrobius, Leach.
Celostoma, Brulle. Hydrobius ? Philhydrus, Solier. Hydrophilus, Fab. Hydrobius, Leach? Berosus, Leach. Hydrobius ? Leach. Cercyon, Leach. Philhydrus, Solier ? Hydrobius, Leach. Cereyon, Leach. Berosus, Germar. Philhydrus, Solier. Hydrobius, Leach.
Laccobius, Hrichson.
Philhydrus, Solier. Hydrobius? Leach. Hydrobius? Leach. Limnebius, Leach.
(HYDRACHNA,) Fasricivs.
. Hermanni . Gibba
. Ovalis
. Scripta
England England England East Indies
Peelobius, Schonherr.
Hyphidrus, Ziliger. Hyphidrus, Zdliger. Hyphidrus, Ziliger.
ee ee
117
DYTISCUS, Fasricivs. DYTICIDA, Leacz. DYTICOIDEA, Hope.
ost & CO RP oo WD =
tw) tw) wm w WO Se el ee ee | SSRRSSBSSCaIARRE SHAS ©
28.
Fabrician Species.
. Latissimus
. Limbatus
- Marginalis
. Circumflexus . Punctulatus
- Immarginatus - Reselii
Atratus Costalis
. Lateralis . Levigatus - Latus
Ruficollis — Sulcatus
. Fasciatus . Striatus
Fuscus
. Lanio
. Cicur
. Vittatus . Cinereus . Zonatus
Unifasciatus
. Sticticus
Griseus
. 10-punctatus . Fuliginosus
Carbonarius
29." Bipustulatus
30. 31. 32. 33.
Cinctus 2-punctatus Fenestratus Ater
34." Lacustris
35.
‘Hybneri
Country.
Germany Hast Indies England Tangiers England Senegal France Isles of the Pacific Surinam Tranquebar S. America S. America Siam England East Indies England England Madeira
P. B.S. East Indies Germany Germany Guinea
S. Africa East Indies New Holland Germany England Holland America Germany England England Germany England
Genera of Authors.
Dyticus, Geoffroy. Cybister, Curtis. Dyticus, Geoffroy.
Cybister, Curtis. Cybister ?
Cybister, Curtis. Cybister, Curtis.
Cybister ?
Hydaticus, Leach. Acilius, Leach. Hydaticus, Leach. Colymbetes, Clairville. Colymbetes, Clairville. Meladema, Laporte. Colymbetes, Clairville. Graphoderus, Eschscholtz. Acilius, Leach. Graphoderus, Eschscholtz. Eunectes? Erichson. Eunectes, Erichson. Colymbetes, Clairville. Ilybius, H’richson. Necticus, Hope. Necticus, Hope. Colymbetes ?
Necticus, Hope. Ilybius, Evichson. Ilybius, Evichson. Ilybius, Erichson.
| Hydaticus, Leach.
118
36. 37. 38. 3g. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 00. 51.
Fabrician Species.
Nitidus Stagnalis Transversalis Calidus Abbreviatus Ulliginosus Paludosus Irroratus Agilis Maculatus Brunneus Erythrocephalus Varius Interrogatus Notatus Adspersus
. Hemorrhoidalis - Bicolor
. Posticatus
. Planus
- Depressus
- Dorsalis
. 6-pustulatus . Palustris
. Ovatus
. Picipes
. Lituratus
. Signatus
+. 12-pustulatus . 8-pustulatus . Halensis
. Granularis
. Confluens
- Obliquus
. Fulvus
. Impressus
. Semi-punctatus . Crux
. Arcuatus
. Geminus
. Lineatus
Country.
Germany England England S. America England Germany England America England England Tangiers England Sumatra Carolina England England
| Germany Guinea American Isles England Switzerland England England England Europe Germany Italy Patagonia England Switzerland Germany England England Kiel England Paris Europe Italy Germany Saxony
| Germany
Genera of Authors.
Necticus ? Hope. Hydaticus, Leach. Hydaticus, Leach. Necticus, Hope? Necticus, Hope. Necticus, Hope. Necticus, Hope. Necticus ?
Rantus, Boisduval. Necticus, Hope. Necticus, Hope. Hydroporus, Clairville. Necticus ? Hope. Coptotomus, Say. Rantus, Botsduval. Rantus, Botsduval. Rantus ?
Colymbetes? Clairville. Copelatus, Hrichson. Hydroporus, Clairville.
Rantus, Boisduval ? Hydroporus, Clatrville. Hydroporus ? Hydroporus, Clairviille.
Hygrotus, Stephens. Haliplus, Latretille. Haliplus, Latreiille. Haliplus, Latreiile. Noterus, Clairville. Hygrotus, Stephens ? Hygrotus, Stephens. Hydroporus, Clairville.
—
77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86
m C9 OO =
13. 14.
Fabrician Species.
Inzequalis Minutus Pygmezeus
Reticulatus Crassicornis
Flavipes Pictus Nigrita Pusillus Parvulus
119
Country.
England England Denmark England Germany England Germany England Italy
| Denmark
Genera of Authors.
Hygrotus, Stephens. Laccophilus, Leach. Hydroporus, Clairville. Hygrotus, Stephens. Noterus, Clatrville. Hydroporus, Clairville. Hygrotus, Stephens. Hydroporus, Clatrville. Hydroporus, Clairville.
| Hygrotus, Stephens ?
GYRINUS of Linneus and Fasricivs.
. Natator . Bicolor
. Australis . Americanus
Micans
. Premorsus
Hastatus Spinosus
. Striatus
Minutus
. Nitidulus . Strigosus
Rufipes Villosus
1. Aquaticus 2. Nubilus 3. Elongatus 4. Humeralis 5. Flavipes 6. Crenatus 7. Pygmeeus 8. Minimus
England Switzerland New Holland N. America
| Guinea Sierra Leone American Isles Coromandel Barbary England East Indies New Holland New Holland Germany
England ‘Germany England Germany Switzerland England England England
GYRINIDA, Leacu.
Gyrinus of Authors.
Enhydrus, Laporte.
Enhydrus? Dineutes, MacLeay. Dineutes ?
Dineutes, MacLeay. Gyrinus of Authors.
Gyrinus ? Gyrinus, Linneus. Potamobius, Leach.
ELOPHORUS, Fasricivs. HELOPHORIDA, Leacu.
Helophorus of Authors.
Hydrochus, Grermar. Helophorus ?
Helophorus, of Authors. Hydrochus, Germar. Ochthebius, Leach. Hydreena, Kugellan.
120
PARNUS, Fasricius.
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors.
1. Prolifecornis England Parnus, Fabricius.
2. Acuminatus Saxony Potamophilus, Germar. 3. Obscurus Germany Parnus, Fabricius.
HETEROCERUS, Fasnrictvs. I. Marginatus England Heterocerus of Authers. 2. Dubius Tranquebar Heterocerus ? 3. Levigatus Germany Heterocerus, of Authors. SPHARIDIUM, Fasrictus.
I. Scarabzeoides Englané Spheridium of Authors. 2. Lunatum Germany ==
3. 2-pustulatum Denmark eee
4. Marginatum Saxony oa
do. Glabratum Madeira Spheeridium ?
6. Abdominale American Isles Cyclonotum, Erichson. 7. 5-maculatum East Indies Spheridium, Fabricius. 8. Dytiscoides St. Helena Hydrobius?
9. Fasciculare England Nosodendron, Latreille. 10. Colon Sweden Strongylus, Herbst. 11. Globus Paris Agathidium, £lliger. 12. Luteum Sweden Campta, Kirby. 13. Obscurum S. America Cercyon, Leach ? 14. Rufipes S. America
15. Anale S. America ———
16. Nitidulum Ss. America —_— 17. Flavum S. America —
18. Atomarium England Cercyon, Leach.
19. Melanocephalum Europe
20. Lugubre Paris
21. Stercoreum Germany Cereyon ?
22. Heemorrhoidale England Cercyon, Leach.
23. Flavipes England —
24, Unipunctatum England oie
121
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 25. Limbatum Germany Hydrobius, Leach. 26. Ruficolle Saxony —_——. 27. Fimetarium Europe Phalacrus, Paykull ? 28. Testaceum American Isles - Cercyon ? 29. /Eneum Germany Phalacrus, Paykuli. 30. Minutum England Cercyon, Leach. 31. Pulicarium France Catheretes, Herbst. 32. Wintheriz | Unknown Unknown.
ANISOTOMA, Fasricivs.
1. Ferruginea Denmark Anisotoma, Fabricius. 2. Humeralis Styria a
3. Bicolor Saxony Phalacrus, Paykuil. 4. Nigripennis Germany Agathidium, Illiger.
5. Seminulum England Agathidium.
REMARKS AND OBSERVATIONS
ON THE
LINNEAN AQUATIC COLEOPTERA.
- Linneus and Fabricius very properly threw together the Aquatic groups, and certainly did not in the present instance so outrageously violate the Natural System, as later writers have sub- sequently done by their artificial arrangements. Fabricius, by means of the genus Scolytus, (now the Omophron of Latreille) passes from the Caraboidea to the Aquatics, and if we regard the habits of that genus, and compare the form of it with Haliplus or even with Pelobius, we shall with difficulty find another genus, which so satis- factorily connects the above groups. Other links might be mentioned, which will be found in the various opinions recorded by Entomologists, but the above is sufficient for our purpose, and we
therefore proceed to remark on the two grand
124
divisions into which the Aquatic Beetles may be divided ; namely, the Hydradephaga of MacLeay, and the Rypophaga of Stephens. The Gyronecha — of Kirby, comprising under that denomination the Whirl Beetles, or Waltzing Beetles, (Gyrinide, Leach) appear to be altogether a distinct group, and will be treated as such; instead of therefore dilating at present on the Aquatics generally, it will be better to remark on them separately as they occur in the respective works of Linneus and Fabricius, merely premising that out of twenty- three species published by the former writer, under the term of Dytiscus, these have been subdivided
by later authors into fifteen genera.
Dytiscus, Linneus.
Sp. 1. Piceus—Now an Hydrous of Leach, and of the family of the Hydrophilide of the same
Author ; the following genera belong to it, viz.
125
Puitypripa, MacLeay.
Hypropuitipa, Leach.
HypropHiILoipEA, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Hydrous, Linneus England D. Piceus, Linneus. ae Lat. England D. Caraboides, Linn. Hydrophilus of Authors 3. Philhydrus, Solier Europe Hyd. bicolor, Fab. 4, Hydrobius, Leach England Hyd. fuscipes, Linneus. 5. Tropisternus, Solier Mexico Hyd. lateralis, Fab. 6. Sternolophus, Solier Egypt Hyd. Rufipes, Solier. 7. Volvulus, Brulle Mauritius Hyd. inflatus, Brulle. 8. Berosus, Leach England Dyt. luridus, Linneus. 9. Enoplurus, Hope East Indies Ber. Orientalis, Hope. 10. Spercheus, Fabricius England Hyd. emarginatus, Fab. 11. Limnebius, Leach England Hyd. truncatellus, Fab.
| 9 ; Cheetarthria, Water. England Hyd. Seminulum, Paykuill.
Cyllidium, Erichson
1. Hyprovus, Linneus.
The species of this genus are much more nume- rous than Entomologists are aware of, and from the notes contained in my Journal I find, at least, seventy species have fallen under my notice; they seem to be naturally divisible into three sub-genera, Ist. into true Hydrous, which has the wings Qnd. Those
species which have the sutural apex of the elytra
rounded at the apex and spineless.
more or less spined, to which I give the name of
126
Mesocanthicus, from pecos and axkavO.Kkos, spinosus, and the last sub-genus has the apex of the elytra conspicuously marked by four spines, and is con- sequently named ‘Tetracanthicus. ‘Three species in my collection are from Tropical Africa, it will also probably occur in the warmer parts of Asia. The two former genera seem widely dispersed throughout the world, inhabiting both the Old and New Continent. I possess among my aquatics three species of Hydrous belonging to Australia. The above insects weave a sort of coccoon, in which the ova are deposited; as to substance it appears to combine the paper of the Wasp, with the silk of the Bombyx, when submerged beneath the water for many hours the coccoon remains nearly unaltered by the moisture, a secretion produced by the insect
probably resists the action of water upon it.
2. Hypropuitus of Authors.
Sp. 2. Caraboides.—For figures of the Coccoon and Larve of Hydrous and MHydrophilus, the student may consult Rosel’s Insect. Belust. Vol. 2. Tab. 41; and also Mr. Westwood’s Introduction to the Modern Classification of Insects, Vid. Part 3. De 12d eS Oc.
127
3. Puituyprus, Soler.
For the generic characters of the above genus,
the reader is referred to M. M. Audouin and Brulle’s
Hist. Nat. des Insectes, Vol. 2. p. 276. Syst.
Eleuth. p. 252. and also to Gyllenhall’s Insecta Suecica.
4, Hyprosius, Leach.
For an account of the species peculiar to Eng- land, the student may consult with advantage the Illustrations of British Entomology by Mr. Stephens, as well as the writings of Marsham and Dr. Leach. By Fabricius, Solier, Audouin and
Brulle, some exotics are also mentioned.
5. Tropisternus, Solier.
The insects belonging to the above genus seem peculiar to the New World. Vid. Solier Annales de la Soc. Ent. de France.
6. STERNOLOPHUs, Solier.
This form appears, as far as is known at present,
to be peculiar to Africa, occurring in Egypt, Nubia,
and Senegal. Vid. Annales de la Soc. Entom. de
France, t. 3. p. 311.
128
7. Votvutus, Brulle.
I suggest the adoption of a new term, instead of Volvulus, as Latin generic names ought not to be adopted. ‘This exotic form is from the Island of Mauritius, a second species has occurred at Ceylon.
Vid. Audouin and Brulle, Vol. 2. p. 282.
8. Berosus, Leach.
The species of Berosus are numerous, those which have the wings at the apex armed with spines, I have detached under the name of Eno-— plurus. For references consult the works of Messrs. Stephens and Curtis, and the Annulosa Javanica, by Mr. MacLeay, page 35.
9. EnopLurus, Hope.
In my collection there are several species which have the extremity of the wings armed with spines, they seem to be widely spread, occurring in Africa, Asia, and Europe. One species was discovered by Mr. Rudd at Lymington in Hampshire, and is
probably the same as Berosus spinosus of Ahrens.
129
10. Seercueus, Fabricius.
M. M. Audouin and Brulle place this genus along with the Helophoride. I am, however, still inclined to rank it with the Hydrophilide ; and of this opinion Mr. MacLeay appears to be, as well as Mr. Stephens. By the former writer a second _ Species, named Sp. platycephalus, is described from Java, it seems however to deviate from the type ; a third has fallen under my inspection from Sierra Leone. Since writing the above, Mr. Westwood, I find, considers this genus as the connecting link between the Hydrophilide and Helophoride, Vid. part 3, page 122, of the Introduction to the Modern Classification of Insects, for further observations
on these singularly formed aquatics.
11. Limnesius, Leach.
This genus was established by Dr. Leach to in- clude several minute Hydrophilide ; they approach in form and habits some of the Hydrobii as well as the Helophoride. ‘There are nine species re- corded by Mr. Stephens in his Illustrations of British Entomology.
130
12. CuaTarturia, Waterhouse.
Hydrophilus Seminulum of Paykull‘is the type of this genus, which was first separated from Hy- drobius by the above writer; Erichson, in the Kafer den Mark Brandenburg, has given the generic name of Cyllidium to the same species; the latter name of course falls. Wid. page 211 of the last quoted work for the generic details, &c. &c.
LINNEAN AQUATICS—continued.
Sp. 6. Latissimus.—Now a Dyticus, and the type of the genus. The following families, according to my views, belong to the Dyticoidea, viz. Haliplide, Dyticide, and Gyrinide ; the genera belonging to the family of Dyticide are as follows :
131
Dyticipa”, Leach.
Genera.
1. Dyticus, Linneus 2. Leionotus, Kirby Cybister, Curtis 3.< Trogus, Leach Trochalus, Eschscholtz 4. Hyderodes, Hope o. Acilius, Leach Eunectes, Hrichson | Nogrus, E’schscholtz 7. Graphoderus, Esch. 8. Hydaticus, Leach 9. Agabus, Leach 10. Llybius, Hvrichson 11. Meladema, Laporte 12. Rantus, E’schscholtz 13. Liopterus, Eschscholtz 14. Colymbetes, Clairviile 15. Necticus, Hope 16. Copelatus, Hrichson
Country.
France
| England
England
—
New Holland England
East Indies France England England France
Gallia Merid.
England England England England Brazils
Typical Species.
D. Latissimus, Zinneus. D. Conformis, Stephens. Roeselii, Fabricius.
Hyd. Shuckardii, Hope. Dyt. sulcatus, Linneus. Dyt. griseus, Fabricius. D. Cinereus. Linneus. Hybneri, Fabricius.
D. Serricornis, Payhkull. D. Ater, Fabricius.
D. Coriacea, Hoffmansegy. D. Pulverosus, Knoch.
D. Oblongus, Illiger.
D. Striatus, Linneus.
D. Bipustulatus, Linneus. D. Posticatus, Fabricius.
To the above sixteen genera, others | might be added on investigating the tropical species, which have been comparatively neglected. The genus Thermonectus of Eschscholtz seems peculiar to the
New World, as the characters are unpublished,
and the type of the genus is only a manuscript
name, I consequently pass it over.
The remarks
on the above genera will appear under the different
names as they occur in the Fabrician Tables.
K 2
132
LINNEAN SPECIES—continued.’
Sp. 16. Ferrugineus.—Now an Haliplus, and one
of the genera composing the family of
Harietipaz, Hope.
Genera.
ie Haliplus, Latrielle
2. Cnemidotus, H’richson
3.) Pelobius, Schon. Hygrobia, Clairville
4. Hyphidrus, Zdliger
5. Hygrotus, Stephens
6. Hydroporus, Clairville
7. Noterus, Clairville
8. Laccophilus, Leach
9
. Hydroporomorpha, Bab.
10. Anodocheilus, Bab. 11. Desmopachrius, Bab.
Country.
England Austria England
England England France Switzerland England Rio Janeiro Rio Janeiro Rio Janeiro
Typical Species.
Dyt. elevatus, Panzer. Dyt. Ceesus, Duftschmid. Dyt. Hermanni, Linneus.
Dyt. Ovatus, Linneus. Hyd. Fluviatilis, Leach. Dyt. 12-pustulatus, Fab. Dyt. Crassicornis, Fab. Dyt. Minutus, Linneus. H. parallelus, Babington. A. Maculatus, Babington. D. Nitidus, Babington.
The three last genera will appear in the Ento-
mological ‘Transactions of London.
The types are
deposited in the collection of that Society by the liberality of Mr. Charles Darwin of Shrewsbury.
In a paper read before the Entomological Society
of London (now on the eve of publication), the de-
tails will be given at length by Mr. Babington of
Cambridge.
133
Sp. 18. Ovatus.—Now of the genus Hyphidrus of Illiger; the species are few in number, not more than ten appearing in our European Cabinets ; hitherto I believe it has not been found in the New World, it may however be expected to occur there ; its geographical range extends over Europe and Asia, and some of the African isles. I am not aware of any known species having been obtained from the African Continent.
Sp. 21. Bimaculatus.—This insect, I find, on refe- rence to the Linnean Cabinet, is only a variety of
Phaleria Cadaverina.
Gyrinus, Linneus.
As only two species are recorded in the Systema Nature of Linneus. I shall defer my remarks on the genera and species till we come to the Fabrician
Gyrinide.
REMARKS ON THE
FABRICIAN AQUATICS.
Hypropuiuus, Fabricius. Hyproryu!upm, Leach.
HypropHILoIpEA, Hope.
Sp. 1. Emarginatus.—Now of the genus Sper- cheus Fab. For the Table of Genera belonging to the Hydrophilide refer to a former page, at the commencement of the Linnean Aquatics, the genus Spercheus, by M. M. Audouin and Brulle, is considered as belonging properly to the Helopho- ride. [retain it, however, among the Hydrophilide, as I never found it out of water, and have my doubts if it can exist long out of that element, which is no uncommon case with some of the spe- cies of Helophorida. Mr. Westwood is of opinion that it may be considered as a connecting link of the two families.
Sp. 4. Caraboides.— Now an Hydrophilus of Authors. By some writers the term Hydrocharus
is applied to it. If we retain Hydrous as a
135
generic name for the larger species of the Hydro- philide, it is better not to abandon the Fabrician name of Hydrophilus. The grand difference be- tween Hydrous and Hydrophilus is the prosternum, which in the former is produced, in the latter it is not so. With respect to the species named Cara- boides, it is not unusual to meet with it in a crippled state. I possess in my collection a remarkable monstrosity, and have occasionally seen others ; when recently captured they smell like Spanish liquorice. |
Sp. 5. Hilipticus—As I am unacquainted with this species, I give it as an Hydrophilus with a doubt, as it is compared by Fabricius with Cara- boides.
Sp. 7. Abbreviatus.—Evidently not a Tropister-
_ nus, as the sternum is abbreviated.
Sp. 8. ufipes—This species has a very wide range of country, extending nearly over the Conti- nent of Asia.
Sp. 11. Orbicularis—Now a Celostoma of Brulle, and one of the Spheridiide. Occasionally this species of Hydrobius has been confounded with Cercyon, most of which have the elytra striated ; the above is an exception to the general rule.
Sp. 12. Subrotundus.—Originally described from
136
the collection of Dr. Pflug, from America; I give it as an Hydrobius. I can add no information of what became of the above collection. MA:
Sp. 13. Btcolor.—Now a Philhydrus of Solier. For the characters of the genus refer to the Hist. Nat. des Insectes par Audouin et Brulle, vid. vol. 2. p- 276.
Sp. 17. Erythrocephalus.—Described originally from Lund’s Cabinet ; no locality is given, although it is most likely to be an European species of the genus Hydrobius. Erichson thinks it is only a dark variety of Hydrobius griseus, vide p. 211. Die Kafer der Mark Brandenburg.
Sp. 18. Hemorrhoidalis.— Now a Cercyon of Dr. Leach. Mr. Stephens has described in his Illus- trations of British Entomology sixty-one species ; the Baron De Jean mentions in his last Catalogue . but twenty, mcluding exotics of the Old and New World. This may be taken as an example that the Entomologists of England are not behind their Continental neighbours in research or assiduity.
Sp. 27. Minutus.—Now an Hydrobius, and pro- bably only a variety of Hyd. bipunctatus.
Sp. 30. Truncatellus.— Now a Limnebius of Leach. Apparently the Chrysomela minuta Linn.
described in the Fauna Suecica, is a Limnebius.
137
Mr. Stephens thinks the Limniide ought to rank asa family. ‘The British species are ten in num- ber, and seem widely spread throughout Europe.
Monsieur Brulle mentions their occurrence also in
Asia Minor.
Dyticus, Fabricius. Dyticipa, Leach.
DyticorpEa, Hope.
Sp. 1. Latissimus.—The type of the genus Dyticus. _Linneus in his Systema Nature, including under one head the Dyticidze and Hydrophilide, records only twenty-three species, whereas, at present, in true Dyticus alone, we have nearly the same num- ber. The genus, according to the Baron De Jean’s Catalogue, appears to be confined to the northern regions of the Old and New World; it occurs however in Africa, and on the confines of Asia, and may be expected to occur in the Himalaya generally.
Sp. 2. Limbatus.—Now a Cybister of Curtis. Dr. Leach gave the name of ‘Trogus to these species of Aquatic Beetles, a name which had previously been applied to some of the Hymenoptera. (Vid. Panz. Krit. Rev. 2. 80.) it is therefore abandoned. Dr. Eschscholtz has since applied to it that of ‘Tro-
138
chalus. Of the two latter authors, the claim of priority is with Mr. Curtis, and his name should be retained, as that of Dr. Leach cannot be sus- tained. The species of Cybister are more numerous than those of true Dyticus; they are generally robust, and are the most powerful insects of the Aquatic Adephaga; the destruction they cause among the tropical fishes, as described to me by Indian travellers, is wonderful; they are reported to destroy ten times the quantity they can possibly consume, and may justly be considered amongst the most ravenous of insects.
Spe. 3. Marginals.—Of this species of Dyticus I have seen three remarkable monstrosities ; the first was deprived of its anterior tibize and tarsi, and had only the rudiments of legs ; a second spe- cimen had three anterior right legs. The third mon- strosity, 1s an Hermaphrodite, which I captured at Netley in Shropshire ; it has lately been figured by Mr. Westwood, and will probably be published in a future number of the Entomological ‘Transac- tions.
Sp. 8. Atratus.—Probably a Cybister. It was captured by Billiardiere, at some of the islands of the Pacific Ocean.
Sp. 9. Costalis.—'This species 1s sometimes dread-
139
fully afflicted wih Acariasis. A specimen formerly _ In my possession, was covered with hundreds of an Acarus unknown to me.
Sp. 13. Ruficolls.—From the specimen in the Banksian Collection, I am inclined to consider. this species an Hydaticus. Luconicus of Dr. Esch- scholtz is closely allied to it, if not the self-same species. |
Sp. 16. Striatus.—The typical species of Colym- betes, according to Clairville. The name of Cyma- topterus has been given to it by Dr. Eschscholtz ; the former should be retained on the ground of priority.
Sp. 18. Lanio.—Now of the genus Meladema Laporte. For the generic characters, consult les Etudes Entomologiques, Liv. 2. p. 98. Dr. Esch- scholtz has used the term of Scutopterus for the same sub-genus.
‘Sp. 19. Cicur.—This species was erroneously introduced into our British Fauna by an optician who received collections from the Cape of Good Hope. As it closely resembles Col. striatus, it probably may have been taken for an English insect.
Sp. 20. Vittatus.—Now a Graphoderus of Esch-
scholtz. For the generic characters, vide Die
140
Kafer der Mark Brandenburg, by Erichson, vol. 1. page 142. The genus Hydaticus, has very pro- perly been divided into three sections.
Sp. 25. Griseus.—Type of the genus Eunectes of Erichson, which has also been named Nogrus by Eschscholtz.
Sp. 26. 10-punctatus.—Still a Colymbetes. I have lately received five other species from New Holland, which will appear in my forthcoming Fauna Aus- tralasiee. !
Sp. 29. Bipustulatus.— Now the type of my genus Necticus, from vnxrixos natabilis qui natare potest. I have here been compelled to change Erichson’s generic name, as I consider Striatus the true type of Colymbetes, and Serricornis that of Agabus of Leach. As both these terms are previously used, it may prevent further confusion by adopting ano- ther name. It appears also that the Baron De Jean and Erichson apply their respective generic names to the same species. It may here be added, that Necticus still requires further sub-division— till we are better acquainted, however, with the sexes of several of them, the above name is attached to those species which are allied to Dyt. 2-pustulatus Lin. and Dyt. Carbonarius Fab.
Sp. 30. Conctus.—I give this as a Colymbetes,
141
with a doubt, being unable to obtain any informa- tion concerning it. Fabricius described it from Manduit’s Collection; as to what became of that collection, I am equally ignorant.
Sp. 30. Ater.-—Now an Ilybius of Erichson, and the type of the genus, all the species belonging to it are remarkable for their convexity.
Sp. 36. Wittdus—A Necticus mihi, and is pro- bably the same insect met with in German collec- tions, under the name of Col. Nitens, which I regard only as a dark variety of Col. Sturmii.
Sp. 48. Varius.—Probably a Necticus of Hope. Mr. MacLeay informs us in the Annulosa Javanica, that Fabricius in his Ent. Syst., described an insect which he found in the Banksian Cabinet under the name of D. varius. With it, he afterwards con- founded a Sumatran species which he saw in Dal- dorff’s Collection, and then he altered the original specific character to suit the new insect. The name Varius, therefore, Mr. MacLeay has changed to that of Fabricii.
Sp. 49. Interrogatus.—Now of the genus Copto- tomus of Say. The characters will be found in Say’s description of new species of North American Insects, page 29, and also in vol. 2. of the Hist. Nat. des Insectes par Audouin and Brulle, p. 211.
142
Sp. 52. Hemorrhoidalis._-Probably a Rantus of Eschscholtz. ‘This opinion seems confirmed by Erichson, who regards the above species only as a- variety of Rantus agilis.
Sp. 53. Bicolor.—l am inclined to regard this insect as a species of Colymbetes : it was originally described from Isert’s Cabinet. Its locality is Guinea.
Sp. 54. Posticatus.—Now of the genus Copelatus of Erichson. ‘These insects have the elytra deeply striated, which at once marks the character of the above genus. ‘The major part of the species are peculiar to the New World; some, however, are from the Old Continent, inhabiting Asia as well as Africa.
Sp. 61. Bicipes.—-Evidently a typographical error, it should have been printed Picipes.
Sp. 63. Signatus.—This insect is closely allied to Dyticus agilis of Fabricius, which is now a Rantus of Eschscholtz.
Sp. 65. 8-pustulatus.—Schonherr in his Synony- mia Insectorum, places this insect under his doubt- ful species. From the description of Fabricius, I regard it as an Hydroporus.
Sp. 68. Confluens.—Now an Hygrotus of Stephens.
Vide Illustrations of Entomology for the generic
145
details. ‘The type of the genus is Hyd. flaviatilis Leach. |
Sp. 72. Semipunctatus.—Now a Noterus of Clair- ville. Erichson regards Noterus sparsus of Marsham as the same insect ;_ the locality of the Kast Indies, therefore, is changed to Europe.
Sp. 74. Arcuatus.—This species is only a variety of Hygrotus pictus.
Sp. 79. Pygmeus.—According to Erichson this insect is only a variety of Hyd. lineatus. Vid. Kafer Brand. page 79.
Sp. 85. Pusillus.—This insect is evidently only a
_ variety of Hydroporus geminus.
Sp. 86. Parvulus.— Now an Hygrotus of Stephens, which, according to Erichson, is only a variety of
Dyt. inequalis, Fab.
Gyrinip&, Leach. Gyronecua, Kirby.
GyrinormpEa, /Tope.
Most Entomologists consider that Gyrinus is closely allied to Dyticus, and yet it is difficult satis- factorily to point out the connecting link between them. Mr. W. Sharpe MacLeay, in his Annulosa Javanica, without attempting to sub-divide the
Hydradephaga into its several families, gives us
144
only two, which are the Gyrinide and Dyticide. Mr. Kirby, also in the Fauna Boreali Americana, adopts this twofold arrangement, and applies to. them the terms of Eunecha and Gyronecha. Dif- fering from such high authorities, I am inclined to consider the Gyrinide as a totally distinct group which I name Gyrinoidea. It may be regarded as an intermediate family, connecting as it does, according to my views, the Dyticoidea and Hydro- philoidea. ‘The larva of true Gyrinus m appearance resembles a Scolopendra. It is carnivorous, and is therefore allied to Dyticus; the connection with the Hydrophilide, however, is not so apparent. I think it is not improbable that the larve of Dineutus MacLeay, will eventually be found to approach in form the larve of the spine-winged species of Hydrous. In the metallic splendour of some of the individuals of both genera, in the armature of the wings, in the partially carnivorous habits of Hydrous, and the silkiness of the coccoons, the Gyrinide will be found evidently more allied to the Hydrophilide, thanthe Dyticide. At present, I believe, among the genera composing the latter family, not a single species has yet been found which has spined wings, should such occur, it
will most probably be the connecting link so much
145
desired. ‘The passage from the Hydradephaga to the Philhydrida has-been pointed out by Mr. Stephens, by means of the sub-aquatic families of Heterocerus and Parnus. Would it not be a more natural arrangement to keep together all the true Aquatics, as Linneus did at first, and then pass to the terrestrial groups, by families which may justly be considered amphibious in their habits? At present we are imperfectly acquainted with these groups, and know little of their larvee, and until that period arrives, the natural distribution of these families must still remain in doubt and confusion. The following table is an outline of the genera compos-
ing the Gyrinide.
Gyrinus, Linneus. Gyrinipa, Leach.
GyRINoIDEA, Hope.
~~
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Gyrinus, Zinneus England G. Natator, Linn. Enhydrus, Zaporte 2.4 Cyeln, Kirby N. America G. Australis, Fab. _ UCyclous, Eschscholtz - 3. Porrorhynchus, Lap. Java P. Marginatus, Laporte. 4. Dineutes, MacLeay East Indies D. Politus, MacLeay. Gyretes, Brulle . ; Cybister, Esch. East Indies G. Eneus, Brulie.
Orectocheilus, AZul. England G. Villosus, Fab. ee eee ee nanan nal
L
; Potamobius, Leach England Pot. Modeerii, Marshame
146
Sp. 1. Natator.—The type of the Linnean Gyri- nus. Tor the anatomy of these singular insects, the reader should consult Dufour’s Memoire in the. Annales Scien. Natur. 1824. A reference also to Mr. Westwood’s new publication, the Modern Classification of Insects, part 2. p. 105, will afford a list of authors who have written on this group, and to them may be added the Fauna Boreali Americana, by Mr. Kirby, wherein some new spe- cies will be found described.
Sp. 2. Bicolor.—The species named by Fabricius is certainly not the same as G. Bicolor Olivier, as the latter is a variety of Gyr. Minutus, while Elongatus of Marsham is a synonym of the former.
Sp. 6. Premorsus.—Probably a Dineutus of Mac- Leay. The locality given in the Eleutheratorum is Sierra Leone. Is it not singular, that under the above name, Gyrinus Indus, should be found quoted as a synonym? (Vid. Ent. Syst. Supp. 65. 5.) There is evidently some mistake respecting the country. ‘The species of this genus belong to sou- thern and tropical countries, never being found in northern climes as far as is known at present.
Spe. 10. Minutus.—Still a Gyrinus. Mr. Kirby, in his Fauna Boreali Americana, tells us that a
single specimen was taken in the northern expedi-
‘%
Av. = 7
147
tion by Dr. Richardson, in latitude 65°. I have received it from Algiers, and have it noted down im my Journal as occurring also in Egypt.
Sp. 12. Strigosus.—Probably a Gyrinus. The Baron De Jean, in his Catalogue of 1837, gives this species as a variety of G. Striatus Fab. The locality of the latter is Europe, of the former New Holland ; there is, therefore, evidently some error.
Sp. 14. Villosus—Now a Potamobius of Leach. Most of the Gyrini, when recently captured, emit a very disagreeable odour ; this species is scentless ; it moreover differs from all others in being a soli- tary insect, while the rest are social or gregarious. It is reported to be a nocturnal insect, which may
probably account for its comparative scarceness.
REMARKS.
Linneus only mentions two species of the family, Fabricius fourteen, De Jean sixty-seven, in my own cabinet there are twenty nondescripts; the number, therefore, in the different European col- lections, may be reckoned at about one hundred species, and this will eventually be considerably “increased as we become acquainted with the extra European species, which at present are in propor-
L 2
148
tion of ten to one, and from what is already known, we may conclude that their metropolis is in the
tropical regions.
Evoruorus, Fabricius. HeLorpHoripez, MacLeay.
HeLopuoripeEa, Leach.
Mr. Westwood, in his late work, makes Spercheus the connecting link between the Helophoride and Hydrophilide. In its form and structure of the legs it certainly accords with the former ; in habits, however, I regard it as an Hydrophilus, and cer- tainly it is more of an aquatic than any of the genera
composing the
HELOPHORIDS.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Helophorus, Leach England Silp. Aquatica, Linneus. 2. Hydrochus, Germar France Elop. elongatus, Fab. 3. Enicocerus, Stephens England Eni. Viridizeneus, Stephens. 4. Ochthebius, Leach England El. Pygmeeus, Fad. 5. Amphibolus, Water. England Am. Atricapillus, Water. 6. Hydrana, Kugellan England El. minimus, Fab.
7. Empleurus, Hope England El. Nubilus, Fad.
149
1. Hetoruorus, Leach.
Fabricius originally constituted this genus, giving it the name of Elophorus. Dr. Leach very pro- perly changed it to Helophorus; there are about
twelve known species, the major part of them inha-
_ biting Europe. As they are minute insects, they
have generally been neglected, few being recorded as inhabiting either Asia or Africa, and none, I
believe, as belonging to the New World.
Hyprocuus, Germar.
A genus peculiarly attached to northern climes.
It occurs in the north of Europe and America, and
does not extend, I believe, more southward than
Spain; a great proportion of the species of the remaining four genera appear more abundant in
the northern than southern states of Europe.
SPecIEs oF Hetoruorus, Leach.
Sp. 1. Aguaticus.—As two species have been confounded under the same name, the former takes the name of Grandis, the latter that of Aquaticus.
Sp. 2. Nubilus—The type of my genus Empleu-
150
rus; Elophorus may properly be divided into two sub-genera: those with striate elytra, and those which have the wings deeply sulcated or porcate. Nubilus is often found at the roots and stalks of © cabbages ; the water held in the leaves of the plants
being quite sufficient to saturate the ground around
and satisfy the insects. I have watched the same
insects for eight or nine weeks at the same plant,
and never knew their numbers during that, time in-
creased or diminished. It should be remarked that
no water was within a hundred yards, and the nearest
was a well many feet beneath the surface of the earth.
To this genus belong also El. fennicus Gyll. and pro-
bably sulcatus of Dah] and Costatus of Schonherr.
Sp. 4. Humeralis.—This insect 1s not mentioned by any modern writers. I give it as an Helophorus, with a doubt.
Sp. 5. Flavipes.—This insect is the same as the Bup. granularis Linn. The Fabrician name of flavipes must therefore be abandoned. ;
Sp. 6. Crenatus.—Mr. Stephens gives this insect as an Hydrochus. Mr. Erichson, however, having examined the Fabrician Cabinet, declares it to be
Latridius porcatus.
151
Parnus, Fabricius. Parnipm, MacLeay. Parnipea, Leach.
This family is composed of but three genera,
viz. Parnus, Dryops, and Potamophilus.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Parnus, Fab. England P. Prolifecornis, Fab. 2. Dryops, Leach France P. Dumerilii, Zat.
Potamophilus, Germar rt, Germany P. Acuminatus, Fab.
Hydera, Latreille
Parnus, Fab.
There are six, if not seven, British species in our Metropolitan Cabinets: the genus is common to the Old and New World. Lacordaire informs us of several South American species. It occurs also
in the United States, as well as in the West Indian
Isles.
Dryops, Leach.
This genus will be found characterized in the third volume of Dr. Leach’s Miscellany. Dry. Hard- wickii appears the type of another genus. ‘The re-
maining genus Potamophilus has eleven joints in the
152
antenne: it is peculiar to Europe. The Baron De Jean has mentioned one in his Catalogue, under the name of Orientalis, which is most likely a_ Dryops of Leach. Mr. MacLeay remarks in the Annulosa Javanica, that Potamophilus leads off to Ochthebius and the Helophoride. Omitting any
observations on the species, I pass to the family of
(Hetrerocerus, Bosc.)
HeETEROocERIDE, Mac Leay.
From the family of Parnus, the approach to the Heteroceride is by Mr. Stephens’ family Limnude ; indeed, it cannot be denied that the Parnide and Heteroceride are intimately connected ; till, how- ever, we are better acquainted with some of these minor groups, it is mere idle speculation attempting to connect genera, when we have scarcely any mat- ter before us to support even conjecture. ‘There are seven known British species ; the true Hetero- cerl appear to belong to the northern regions of the Old and New World; Het. Dubius is an exception ; it is an East Indian species described by Fabricius, and probably is the type of a sub-genus. As we have but slightly alluded to the genera composing the Limniide, I add the table before proceeding to
other groups.
153
Limnipa2, Stephens.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. § Georyssus, Lat. England Pim. Pygmea, Fab. *? Cathammistes, Illiger Sweden 2. Elmis, Latreille England E. maugetii, Latretile. Stenelmis, Dufour France El.Parallelepipedus, Iliger. : ; Limneus, Stephens aed |
SpH@ripium, Fab.
SPHARIDIIDA, Leach.
_ The transition from the Hydrophilide to this family by the genus Cheetarthria is easy, and should another connecting link be required, we may pass by means of those species of Cercyon which are sub- aquatic in their habits. ‘The insects of this group abound in animal stercor and putrescent vegetable matter. ‘They occur in the Old and New Continents, the major part of them preferring northern regions. In tropical climates they are considered very useful auxiliaries to the Coprophagus lamellicorns, mate- rially conducing to purify the air by feeding on putrescence, and thereby preventing miasma. I[ know of no species more abundant in individuals than Sp. Scarabeoides. At Aldboro’ on the Suffolk coast, at the departure of the tide, I have repeatedly
154
seen them among the rejectamenta maris in count-
less numbers.
SPHERIDIDA, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Spheridium, Fabricius | Europe S. Scarabeeoides, Fabricius. 2. Cercyon, Leach England S. Quisquilius, Linneus.
Cyclonotum, Erich England e haa me tee 6 C. Orbiculare, Fabricius.
Celostoma, Brulle 4. Trichopoda, Brulle Madagasear T. Cassidzeformis, Brulle.
SPH ZRIDIUM.
Sp. 6. Abdominale.—Now a Cyclonotum of Erich- son. The Baron De Jean, in his last Catalogue, gives the above generic name; the characters of the genus will be found in the Hist. Nat. des Insectes, par Audouin & Brulle; the latter writers make use of the term Celostoma, which has previously been used by Mr. MacLeay, and must therefore be abandoned.
Sp. 13 to 18.—All these insects are mentioned by Fabricius as inhabiting South America. ‘They were originally described from the cabinets of Sehestedt and Lund, now forming part of the Copenhagen collection, from which quarter we still hope for further information respecting them, as
well as many other imperfectly known species.
155.
Sp. 18. Atomanum.—-An error of the press ; read Atomarium. |
Sp. 25. Limbatum. — Now an Hydrobius, and probably the same species as Hyd. globulus of Paykull.
Sp. 28 & 29.—Both these species are described from the Cabinet of Dom. Smidt; the former is probably a Cercyon of Dr. Leach, the latter pro- bably a Phalacrus.
Sp. 32. Wintherie. —No locality is given by Fabricius to this species; it is described from Lund’s Cabinet, and so concisely that it is impos- sible to form an idea to what genus it ought to be
applied.
ANISOTOMIDE, Stephens.
AGATHIDIIDA, Westwood.
Fabricius in his Eleutheratorum very properly placed his genus Anisotoma next to Spheridium. Mr. Stephens in his Illustrations passes from the Spheridiide by Tritoma; the latter genus has been formed into a distinct family by Mr. Curtis. I am inclined at present, however, to follow the arrangement of Mr. Stephens, as it appears to me more natural. ‘These groups evidently require a
more thorough investigation. The chief cause of
156
the confusion has originated in consequence of Entomologists attending too rigidly to the tarsal system: a better classification can only be satisfac- torily attempted when the larve of the different
genera are more accurately known.
ANISOTOMIDE, Stephens.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Tritoma, Fabricius Europe T. Bipustulatum, Fabricius. 2. Alexia, Stephens England T. Pilifera, Mull. 3. Phalacrus, Paykull Sweden Ph. Coruscus, Paykull. 4. Ephistemus, Westwood. England Der. Gyrinoides, Marsham. B Anisotoma, Fabricius Denmark Anis. ferruginea, Fab.
‘U Leiodes, Latreille ——
Agathidium, Illiger England Silpha seminulum, Zinn. Volvoxis, Kugellan —-
—— —-———
Clambus, Fischer Sweden Der. Armadillo, De Geer. ; } Ptilium, Schuppell
; , Leach 8. ; ee aad England Der. Cassidoides, Marsh. Clypeaster, Anderson 9. Orthoperus, Stephens England Der. Punctum, Marsh. 10. Sericoderus, Stephens England ~ Scap. dubium, Marsh.
Antsotoma, Fabricius.
Sp. 1. Ferruginea.—I retain the Fabrician name of Anisotoma in the place of Leiodes; and instead of changing the family name to Agathidiide, as Mr. Westwood has done, I prefer that of Anisoto- mide. ‘True Anisotoma seems attached to northern
regions ; it occurs in the New as well as in the
157
Old World. Iam not aware of its appearance in Africa; some few East Indian species have fallen under my notice, they deviate however from the typical species.
Sp. 3. Bicolor—Now a Phalacrus of Paykull. Of the known European and extra European spe- cies, the numbers are nearly equal; they are met with in North America and its adjacent isles, and in Africa, the island of Mauritius, and most likely in various parts of Asia; although I cannot state any recorded species from the latter locality.
Sp. 4 & 5.—Belong at present to Illiger’s genus Agathidium. All the known species appear to in- habit Europe.
158
DESCRIPTIONS
OF THE
NEW GENERA AND SPECIES.
1. Manticora, Fabr.
Sp. Latipennis, Waterhouse.-—Inhabits Kurre- chan in Africa. Long. lin. 213. lat. lin. 10.
Atra, elytris subcordatis, latis, scabris.
Upon comparing M. Latipennis with Maxillosa the followmg differences may be observed. In the former the head is larger, exceeding that of the latter nearly one line in length, and about half a line in breadth. It is also more sparingly punc- tured on the upper parts, and so is likewise the thorax. The elytra are much broader (having the proportion of ten to eight), less convex, the lateral margins are more distinctly recurved, and the minute pointed tubercles (which are observed on the elytra of both species) are not quite so dis- tinct, nor do they extend so far inwards as in M. maxillosa. The disc of the elytra is smooth, rather glossy, and has a pitchy hue. Vid. Mag. of Nat. Hist. new series, vol. i. 1837. The only re-
eo YY = oS * F Ree
159
mark I have to make on the above species, is to change the name. of M. Latipennis to that of Waterhouse, who first made us acquainted with the insect. It is one of the grandest discoveries of late years, and may justly be placed at the head of the Cicindeloidea. ‘This magnificent insect was captured by the African traveller, Dr. Smith, at Kurrechan, and presented by him to the Zoological Society.
2. ApreROESSA, Hope. Type of the Genus, CictnpeLa Grossa, Fab.
Corpus magnum, apterum, Antenne sicut in Cicindela. Mandibule cultriformes margine in- terno dente lato striato basali, duobus proximis minutis, altero robustiore.
* Palpi maxillares longitudine labialibus equales 1™° minimo, 2° quadruplo longiori1, 3°° sequente minori, extimo oblongo-ovato apice truncato.
Mentum lobis duobus interne acute productis dente acuto in medio emarginature.
Labrum breve, medio in spinam parvam producto dentibus duobus utring. armatis, angulis lateralibus acutis.
Thorax capite latior, latitudini elytrorum fere
eequalis..
160
Corpus grossum apterum elytris convexis et acuminatis. _ Pedes fere sequales.
This genus differs from Dromica, particularly in its general form. ‘The mandibles of Dromica also have the first two teeth very prominent, and considerably more robust than in Eurymorpha; the next two teeth are nearly of the same propor- tion, differmg again from Eurymorpha, which has the third tooth more developed than the first two.
The Fabrician locality of Coromandel is correct.
3. Eurymorpua, Hope.
Corpus apterum metallicum nitidum elytris valde dilatatis. Caput ante oculus contractum postice dilatatum et thoracis latitudinem vix superans. Mandibule capite longiores acutissime dente basali majori latiori — 2% minuto, duobus altis majoribus equalibus. Palpi maxillares \abialibus haud equales. Mentum bilobum dente in medio emarginature acuto. Zabrum breve angulis anti- cis rotundatis dentibus ternis minutis centralibus armatum.
Type of the genus, Eur. Cyanrrrs, Hope.
Eur. viridis, subnitidus, capite thoraceque albido-
pilosis, elytris immaculatis, labro pedibusque cyaneis.
a
161
Long. corp. lin. 7. Lat. Elytr. lin. 33. | Caput obscure-viride, sericeo-punctulatum pilis longis obsitum. Labrum nitide cyaneum. Mandi- bulenigre. Antenne articulis basalibus albo-pilosis Palpi viridi-nigri albo pilosi. Thorax transversus, lateribus parallelis angulis posticis truncatis, sericeo- punctulatus, albo pilosus. Pedes cyanei albo pi- losi. LElytra viridia subnitida, dilatata, submar- ginata, ad humeros impressa sub lente punctis minutissimis distantibus, serlieque punctorum ma- jorum in lineam, versus suturam, ornatis.
The locality of this insect is unknown; I suspect that originally it was brought from Madagascar. It is now deposited in the collection of the Zoolo-
gical Society.
4. OxycHeEILa Bisignata, Guérin.
Subviolacea elytris macula magna rubra in medio elytrorum ornatis. Caput violaceum oculis tes- taceis. Thorax bilobus. Elytra (macula mequali rubra ad suturam, at ad margines haud extensa,) parallela ad apicem, rotundata et nigro-violacea. Corpus subtus nigrum pedibus concoloribus. Ha- bitat in agro Surimamensi.
M
162
It is probable that this species may be the Oxy. binotata of Laporte. He seems to have considered his O. binotata the same as that described by Gray in Griffith’s Animal Kingdom, which is certainly distinct. Mons. Guérin has cleared up the syno- nymy of the species in the Dictionn. Pittoresq. d’Hist. Nat. tom. 6. p. 572, and has proposed for
Mons. Laporte’s species the name employed above.
5. Catocuroa, Hope.
C. Crucigera. Long lin. 10%, lat. lin. 34.
Nigro-violacea elytris tribus fasciis, duobus primis interruptis tertia apicali, Caput lete viola- ceum inter oculos rugosostriatum. §Mandibule nigree ad basin flavescentes. Palpi maxillares nigri, Thorax rugosus atroviolaceus. Elytra fere glabra sub lente punctata, cruce aurantia interrupta in medio disco elytrorum notata, apicibus concoloribus. Corpus infra purpureo-atrum, pedibus violaceis.
Habitat in India Orientali, Madras.
This superb insect was brought to England from the Nilgherry Mountains ; it is allied to C. Princeps of Vigors, and Lepida of Gory; there are two
other species in my collection from the same
163
locality, which I name Erichsoni and Lichtenstenii, i honour of Zoologists well appreciated in England for their devotion to science. Short Latin cha- racters of the sub-genus, will be found at p. 19,
under the name of Calochroa.
6. PacHyMorRPHA ORIENTALIS, Hope.
Long. lin. 143, Lat. lin. elyt. 5.
Affinis 6 guttate Fab. Aptera, atra, thorace, 2- maculato subdepresso, elytris parum convexis depressiusculis, quatuor albis rotundatis maculis notata.
Habitat circa Poonah in India Oriental.
It may be remarked that this species seems pecu- liar to the western side of India, in the vicinity of Bombay. One specimen from the Himalaya, I received from Dr. Royle. Pach. 6-guttata Fab. is a gigantic insect, and is in every way a more robust species; the elytra are very convex, the markings
on the wings are also considerably larger.
7. PLocuionus BonsFILII.
As I am unacquainted with a satisfactory figure of Plochionus, I have thought fit to delineate it
164 _ anew with its anatomical details; for the descrip- tion of species, vid. Syst. Eleuth. Fab. under C. Pallens.
In the Banksian Cabinet this insect is labelled
as Carabus pallens. Vid. also Schon. Synonym m
loc.
8. PLATYSMA STRIATULUS, Fab.
This insect, which is apparently unknown to Continental writers, I have thought worthy of figuring. For the description of the species, Vid. Sys. Eleuth. p. 179. sp. 48.
The locality of the species is Patagonia; some- other allied species have been brought to this country from the same regions by Mr. Charles
Darwin, of Shrewsbury.
9. Catascopus WHITHILLII.
Long lin. 82, lat. lin. 23.
Corpus supra purpureum nitidum subtus nigro violaceum. rons subcaniculatus. Elytra pur- purea sulcata, interstitiis fortissime punctatis. Pedes femoribus violaceis, tibiis tarsisq. piceis et
tomentosis.
165
Obs. ‘This magnificent insect is named in honour of Col. Whithill, who brought it with him from Darpouillie, along with other undescribed species
of the same genus.
10. CraspeDoPpHorus,* Hope.
Type of the genus, CycHRUS REFLExUS, Fab.
Caput utrinque impressum. Thorax rotundatus antice et postice truncatus, depressus, subconcavus lateralibus marginibus latis reflexis.
Elytra striato-punctata octo striis in singulo, apicibus sinuatis.
This species deviates from the true Panagzi, which have the thorax invariably convex. One species from New Holland seems to unite the two genera. For a description of the species consult Fab. Eleut. page 166. n. 3. Its true locality is Coromandel and not Europe. I possess in my cabinet another species of Panagzeus, named re- flexus by Fabricius, which was originally in Lee’s collection. For the latter I propose the name of
Fabricii, instead of reflexus.
* From xpaomedoy and dopew.
166
11. Macrocuei.us, Kirby.
Type of the genus, M. Bensont.
Long. lin. 6. lat. lin. 22.
Ater, caput nigrum, fronte aurantio, antenne ¢ articulis longioribus apice dilatatis. Thorax cor- diformis. Elytra abbreviata sulcata pubescentia, quatuor maculis signata, pedibus rubropiceis.
Inhabits Madras.
The above insect was originally described from Mr. Kirby’s Cabinet; in his MSS. he has given it the name of Macrocheilus Bensoni, which I retain. In form it appears intermediate between Planetes of MacLeay, and Omphra of Leach ; the type of the former is Pl. Bimaculatus MacLeay, of the latter, Galerita hirta Fab.
12. Hyprropes, Hope. Type of the genus, Hyp. Suuckarpi, Hope.
Corpus breve ovatum thorace postice fere ely- trorum latitudine. Palpi breves, labiales maxil- larium fere longitudine. LElytra femine simplicia. Pedes ¢ simplices; antici haud ciliati(s ¢) Tarsi
antici masculi articulis tribus basalibus in palmam
167
Eeaidatain dilatatis, subtus vesiculis perpaucis in- structam; intermedii articulis tribus basalibus in palmam oblongo-ovalem formatis. Tarsi postici ¢ subtus haud ciliati; aliter mari similes: ungul- bus ducbus (in utroque sexu similibus) instructi.
Long corp. lin. 9. Lat. lin. 5.
Niger, nitidus, antennis tibiis tarsisque piceis, thoracis marginibus lateralibus rufo-piceis. thorace linea punctorum impressorum ad marginem anti- cum, punctisque nonnullis limeam parvam obliquam utrinque versus marginem posticum formantibus ; elytris subtiliter punctulatis, margine laterali l- neisque tribus longitudinalibus punctatis. Habitat in Nova Hollandia. |
The above insect is named in honour of Mr. -Shuckhard, the author of a valuable publication on the indigenous Fossorial Hymenoptera of Great
Britain.
13. Guoparia, Latreille.
The typical species of this genus is Globaria Leachii of Latreille. As it has not been previously ficured, it is here added with its anatomical details. The Globaria nitida of Guérin is not congenerous,
or else is very incorrectly figured. The genus
168
Volvulus is identical with Globaria. Its typical species V. inflatus is longer in proportion. The locality of G. Leachii is the East Indies, while the latter is from the Mauritius. The names of Vol- vulus and Globaria ought to be changed, in their place I suggest the adoption of Spheroides, from the
Greek oapoecdns sphere similis.
FINIS.
G. NORMAN, PRINTER, MAIDEN LANE, COVENT GARDEN.
> / LO.
Le
, i OLE.
Col. Man, Pe If.
SAAN - ; DZIFT. , aoe a
6a,
v
j are Pa ae
Dp) ~
Man: PU Tab. 2.
Col.
Col: Man:LL Lab, 3.
Plate Cas,
72h
ee i; ia iy IZ » iL | va iy ee Pf
a
OO Oe eee Cal Yas ae
ti fe LH r jG /
THE
COLEOPTERIST’S MANUAL,
ERE THE THIRD,
CONTAINING VARIOUS
FAMILIES, GENERA, AND SPECIES,
OF
BEETLES,
RECORDED BY LINNEUS AND FABRICIUS.
ALSO,
DESCRIPTIONS
OF
NEWLY DISCOVERED AND UNPUBLISHED INSECTS.
BY THE
REV. F. W. HOPE, M.A. F.RS. F.Z38.
ETC. ETC. ETC.
LONDON:
J. C. BRIDGEWATER, SOUTH MOLTON STREET; AND BOWDERY AND KERBY, OXFORD STREET.
MDCCCXIL. yo
DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.
PLATE 1,.—FRoONTISPIECE. Fic. 1.—Calodema Kirbii, Hope. a, antenne; 3, tarsus.
PLATE 2.
Fie. 1.—Estigmena chinensis, Hope. 1 a, underside of head, with the basal joint of the antenne ; 1 b, labrum; 1 c, mandible; 1d, maxilla; 1 e, mentum labium, and labial palpi.
Fic. 2,—Prioptera 8-punctata, Fab. 2 a, labrum; 2b, mandible; 2c, mentum, labium, and labial palpi [2 d, in the middle of the plate antenna]; 2 e, maxilla.
Fic. 3.—Agasta formosa, Hope. 3.a,antenna; 3b. labrum; 3c, mandible; 3 d, maxilla; 3 e, mentum labium, and labial palpus; 3 f, pos- terior tarsus.
Fic. 4.—Pecilomorpha Passerinii, Hope. 4 a, antenne; 4 6b, labrum; 4 ec, mandible ; 4d, maxilla; 4 e, mentum labium and labial palpi.
Fie. 5.—Ametalla Spinole, Hope. 5a, labrum; 5 b, mandible; 5c, maxilla; 5 d, mentum labium, and labial palpus.
Fig. 6.—Mecynodera picta, Hope. 6a, labrum; 6 b, mandible; 6 c, mentum labium, and labial palpus; 6 d, maxilla.
PLATE 3.
Fic. 1,—Calaspidea grossa, Fab. 1 a, ditto seen sideways; 1 b, antenne; 1 ¢, labrum; 1 d, mandible; 1 e, maxilla; 1 f, labium, and labial palpi.
Fie. 2.-Oxynodera variegata, Fab. 2 a, ditto seen sideways; 2 b, antenne ; 2 ¢, labrum; 2d, mandible; 2 e, maxilla; 2 f, mentum labium, and labial palpus.
Fig. 3.—Chiroscelis digitata, Fab. 3a, underside of the head; 3 b, labrum; 3 ¢e, mandible; 3 d, maxilla; 3 e, mentum labium, and labial palpi; 3 f, fore-leg ; 3 g, extremity of hind tibia and tarsus; 3 %, underside of the abdomen of one sex; 3%, front of thorax of the same individual; 3 %, underside of abdomen of the other sex; 3 /, front of thorax of the latter individuals.
Fig. 4,—Helota Servillei, Hope. 4a, underside of head; 4 0, labrum [in the middle of the plate]; 4c, mandible; 4d, [b, at the side of the insect] maxilla; 4e, mentum labium, and labial palpus; 4 /, posterior tarsus.
Fig. 5.—Thoracophorus Walckenerii, Hope. 5 a, underside of the head; 5 8, labrum ; 5 c, mandible; 5 d, maxilla; 5 e, mentum labium, and labial palpus.
Fic. 6.—Macromelea Wiedemanni, Hope. 6 a,labrum; 6b, mandible; 6 e¢, maxilla; 6 d, mentum labium, and labial palpus; 6 e, antenne ; 6 f, anterior tibia and tarsus.
The next F ascicuLus will terminate the work ; it is nearly ready for Press.
NOP ny a ) Aw Ah Lah Sisal ia Ht v
7 i ae ,
PAGE. 1. 3. 30. 44. 54, 71. 75. 78. 80. 96.
ERRATA.
Sp. 23—dele Herbst.
Sp. 25—Melegethes read Meligethes.
Sp. 9—Aspidimorpha read Aspidomorpha, and elsewhere. LINE 26—respecting families ; before families, insert the. Sp. 83—Iatalicus read Italicus.
Sp. 31, LinE 2—Lattreille read Latreille.
Sp. 21—Orenata read crenata.
Sp. 31—Amarigmus read Amarygmus.
Sp. 45—Neydalis read Necydalis.
Sp. 20—Timertarius read Fimeterius.
Sp. 124—Aducta read areata. Vid. p. 167. lin. 14. Sp. 6—Phylocharis read Phyllocharis.
Sp. 28 & 30—Orsadacna read Orsodacna.
Sp. 60 & 62—Orsadacna read Orsodacna.
Sp. 8—Trenquebarica read Tranquebarica.
Lint 3—Cheloniarum read Chelonarium.
Line 9—hung read being.
Ling 5—Anthrenis read Anthrenus.
NotE—LinE 1—Heteromea vead Heteromera. LiInE 10—emarginata read emarginato.
Lines 1 & 7—Somaticus read Somaticum,
LINE 28—Tagenide read Tageniade.
LinE 16—Eulp. Ent. p. 141.
Line 11—conspicius vead conspicuis.
At page 176—I have given ampler generic details. LINE 9—Calaspis read Calaspidea.
LinE 24—read Kkopvvwoyo.
LINE 27—after longiora place a comma.
LinE 9—after splendida place a comma. NotE—read esiymevov.
Expunge the Note.
NotTE—instead of aovio read aomis
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Species.
. Lardarius
. Elongatus
. Undatus
. Pellio Capucinus
. Muricatus
. Typographus . Calcographus
ooo a fF wo Dw =
. Micrographus 10. Poligraphus
11. Piniperda
12. Domesticus
13. Violaceus
14. Hirtus
15. Fenestralis
16. Melanocephalus 17 18. Murinus
4 Scaraboeoides
19. Paniceus 20. Eustatius 21. Ferrugineus 22. Fumatus 23. Pedicularius 24. Pulicarius 25. Psyllius 26. Scanicus — 27. Colon
28. Niger 29. Surinamensis
30. Hemipterus
Country.
England England England England England Guinea ? N. America ? France Germany France England England Europe France England England France Europe England Isles of Eustatius Europe England Sweden England England France England England Surinam Surinam
DERMESTES LINNEUS.
Modern Genera.
Dermestes, Linneus. Nemosoma, Latreille. Attagenus, Latreille.
Apate, Fabricius.
Tomicus, Latreille.
Hylurgus, Latreiille. Bostrichus, Fabricius. Corynetes, Paykull. Dasytes, Paykult. Corticaria, Marsham. Cercyon, Leach. Spheridium, Fabricius. Dermestes, Linneus. Anobium, Fabricius. Phalacrus ? Paykull. Ips, Herbst.
Mycetza, Kirby. Meligethes, Kirby ? Herbst. Cateretes, Herbst ? Melegethes, Kirby. Engis, Latreille. Nitidula, Autorum. Dasytes, Fabricius. Sylvanus, Latreille. Carpophilus, Leach.
PTINUS. Species. Country. Modern Genera. 1. Pectinicornis England Ptilinus, Geoffroy. 2. Pertinax England Anobium, Fabricius. 3. Mollis Scotland 4. Imperialis Paris Ptinus, Linneus. 5. Fur London . 6. Germanus England —_—— HISTER. 1. Maximus Senegal Oxysternus, Klug. 2. Major Barbary Hister, Linneus. 3. Unicolor England 4. Pygmeus Sweden Dendrophilus, Leach.. 5. Bimaculatus England Hister, Linneus. 6. 4-maculatus England BYRRHUS. 1. Scrophularie England Anthrenus, Fabricius. 2. Museorum London — 3. Verbasci England — 4. Pilula England Byrrhus, Fabricius. 5. Vagus Suecia Anthrenus, Fabricius. SILPHA. 1. Germanicus Germany Necrophorus, Fabricius. 2. Vespillo England 3. Bimaculata Barbary Nitidula? Fabricius, 4. Bipustulata England Nitidula, Fabricius. 5. 4-pustulata Germany Ips, Fabricius. 6. Indica Senegal Engis, Paykuil. 7. Americana N. America Necrobora, Hope. 8. Seminulum England Agathidium, Jiliger. 9. Agaricina England Scaphisoma, Leach. 10. Russica England Triplax, Paykull. 1]. Littoralis England Necrodes, Wilkin. 12. Atrata England Phosphuga, Leach. 13. Thoracica England Oiceoptoma, Leach.
—
— i=)
- Quadripunctata . Opaca . Rugosa
Sabulosa
. Obscura . Ferruginea
Reticulata
. Grossa . Oblonga
Scabra
. Rufipes . Aquatica . Succincta
Colon
. Fusca
. Depressa . Grisea
. Testacea . Aastiva
Pulicaria
. Pedicularia . Atomaria
Viridis
. Murrea - Nebulosa . Nobilis
Vibex
. Maculata . Spinifex . Bicornis . Cruciata . Bifasciata . Flava
. Purpurea
Leucophea
. Marginata
Reticularis
. Variegata
Country.
England England England England England Austria Sweden France France England England England Sweden England Sweden Europe England Germany England England England Switzerland
CASSIDA.
Sweden England England England Germany England
S. America S. America Brazils
S. America America America S. America
| Cayenne
Cayenne
Cayenne
Modern Genera,
Silpha, Linneus. Silpha, Linneus. Thanatophilus, Leach. Opatrum, Fabricius. Silpha, Linneus. Peltis, Kugedlan.
Trox, Fabricius. Nitidula, Fabricius. Helophorus, Leach.
| Lycoperdina, Latreille.
Nitidula, Fabricius. Lyctus, Fabricius. Nitidula, Fabricius.
Cateretes, Herbst. Meligethes, Kirby. Cercyon, Leach.
Cassida, Linneus.
Selenis, Hope. Tauroma, Hope. Aspidimorpha, Hope, Erotylus, Fabricius. Omoplata, Hope. Thyreaspis, Hope. Cassida? Linneus. Omoplata, Hope. Mesomphalia, Hope. Oxynodera, Hope.
Species.
. Grossa
Clatrata
. 7-guttata
. Exclamationis . Jamaicensis . Cyanea
. Marginata
. Inequalis
. Supposita
. Lateralis
. Discoides
. Petiveriana . Bipunctata . Bipustula
. Angustata
. Marginata
Surinamensis
. Sanguinea . Impunctata . Annulata
. Unipunctata . 2-punctata . 3-punctata . 4-punctata . Hebrea
. O-punctata . 6-punctata . Trifasciata
Hieroglyphica
. 7-punctata . 9-punctata . 10-punctata . 11-punctata . 12-punctata . 13-punctata . 14-punctata - 16 punctata . Ocellata
4
Country.
Cayenne East Indies East Indies St. Vincent’s’ Jamaica Brazils West Indies Cayenne
S. America Cayenne Cayenne Asia
East Indies Cayenne Indies
COCCINELLA.
Brazils Surinam Surinam Europe Germany England England Europe Germany Europe England Sweden Lapland Sweden England England England France Europe England England England England
Modern Genera.
Calaspis, Hope. Cassida, Linneus. Cassida ? Linneus. Cyphomorpha, Hope. Aspidimorpha, Hope. Mesomphalia, Hope. Omoplata, Hope. Mesomphalia, Hope. Mesomphalia ? Mesomphalia, Hope.
Corydia, Serville. Cassida, Linneus. Mesomphalia, Hope. Cassida? Linneus.
Coccinella, Linneus. Cigithus, Fabricius. Coccinella, Linneus.
Cercyon, Leach. Coccinella, Linneus.
Species. Country. Modern Genera. 24, 18-punctata England Coccinella, Linneus. 25. 19-punctata England 26. 22-punctata England —_— 27. 23-punctata England ——_ 28. 24-punctata England 29. 25-punctata England —_—~- 30. Conglobata England —_—_— 31. Conglomerata England —_——— 32. Guttatopuncta England 33. 10-guttata England _—_o 34, 14-guttata England ee 35. 16-guttata England ——— 36. 18-guttata England 37. 20-guttata Europe —_——— 38. Oblongoguttata England ee 39. Obliterata . Europe = 40. Impustulata England 7 41. Cacti Brazils Chilocorus, Leach. 42, 2-pustulata England ss 43. 4-pustulata England = 44, 6-pustulata England Coccinella, Linneus. . 45. 10-pustulata England =e 46. 14-pustulata England SS 47. 16-pustulata Europe 48. Pantherina Sweden = 49. Tigrina England a CHRYSOMELA. 1. Gigantea Cayenne Erotylus, Fabricius 2. Gibbosa Cayenne —— 3. d-punctata Cayenne ait 4. Gottingensis Suecia Chrysomela, Linneus. 5. Tanaceti England Galleruca, Geoffroy. 6. Hemorihordalis Carniola Phytodecta, Kirby. 7. Graminis Oxford Chrysomela, Zinneus. 8. Ainea England Melasoma, Dilwynn. 9. Alni Worcester Adimonia, Schrank. " 10. Betulz London Phedon, Megerle. . 11. Hamoptera England Chrysomela, Linneus. | 12. Occidentalis N. America: Phedon, Megerle ?
Species.
. Cerasi
a ePadi
. Minutissima . Armoracie
. Cerealis
. Fastuosa
. Speciosa
. Halensis
. Hypocheridis . Vulgatissima . Vitellinz
- Polygoni
. Pallida
. Staphylea
. Polita
. Lurida
. Clavicornis . Populi
. Viminalis
. 10-punctata . Variolosa
. Lapponica
. Undulata
. Boleti
. Collaris
. Sanguinolenta . Marginata
. Marginella
. Castanea
. Analis
. Coccinea
. Philadelphica . 3-macuiata . Americana
. Lineola
. ASstuans
. Sacra
. Minuta
. Oleracea
. Bicolor
. Chrysocephala
Country.
Germany Paris Sweden England N. Wales Essex France England England London England England Italy England London Paris Cayenne England England Sweden Africa Lapponia Java England Germany England Yorkshire London Surinam France Essex Pensylvania S. America Barbary America Cayenne Palestine England England American Isles England
Modern Genera.
Spartophila, Chevrolat. Cyphon, Fabricius. Trichopteryx, Kirby ? Phedon, Megerie. Chrysomela, Linneus. Phedon, Megerle. Chrysomela, Linneus. Adimonia, Schrank. Phedon, Megerle.
Phytodecta, Kirby. Gastroeides, Hope. Phytodecta, Kirby, Chrysomela, Linneus.
Erotylu® Fabricius. Melasoma, Dilwynn. Phytodecta, Kirby.
Clythra, Frbricius. Melasoma, Dilwynn. Phyllocharis, Dalman, Diaperis, Fabricius. Melasoma, Dilwynn. Chrysomela, Linneus.
Phedon, Megerle. Chrysomela ? Chrysomela, Linneus. Endomychus, Paykull. Polyspila, Hope. Chrysomela, Jliger. Chrysomela, Linneus. Polyspila, Hope ? Dory phora, Illiger. Phytodecta, Kirby? Hydrobius, Leach ? Haltica, Idliger. ARdionychis, Latreidle. Macronema, Megere.
Species. Country. Modern Genera. 54. Hyoscyami Essex Macronema, Megerle. 55. Atricilla Hertford Thyamis, Stephens. 56. Erythrocephala Sweden Haltica, Jiliger. 57. Modeeri England 58. Helxines Essex ——- 59. Exsoleta London Macronema, Megerle. 60. Nitidula England Haltica, Iiliger. 61. Trifasciata Europe —_— 62, Nemorum England 63. Rustica England Mantura, Stephens. 64. Pulicaria Hammarby Thyamis, Stephens. 65. Rufipes Sweden Haltica, Idliger. 66. Fuscicornis England —_—_—— 67. Holsatica England Thyamis, Stephens. 68. Hemispherica England Scirtes, Latreille. 69. Surinamensis Surinam Haltica, Illiger. 70. S-litera Surinam aaa 71. Aquinoctialis Cayenne 72. Cyanea America Clythra, Laicharting ? 73. Tridentata Sweden Clythra, Laicharting. 74. Gorterie P.B.S. Cryptocephalus, Fabricius. 75. Aurita Germany _— 76. 4-punctata Europe Clythra, Laicharting. 77. 4-maculata Suffolk 78. 2-punctata Europe Cryptocephalus, Fabricius. 79. 8-guttata Spain ———— 80. 4-pustulata Europe Mycetophagus, Fabricius. 81. Scopolina Austria Clythra, Laicharting. 82. Morei England Cryptocephalus, Geoffroy. 83. Bilineata England a 84, Nitens France ee 85. Barbareze Barbary ee 86. Sericea England —_—— 87. Labiata Paris — 88. Coryli Essex 89. Pini Shropshire 90. Bothnica Sweden ee 91. Cordigera Europe 92, 6-punctata France a 93. 10-maculata Europe
94, 14-punctata East Indies Podontia, Dalman.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104, 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. Ade: 113. 114. 115. 116. 7. 118. 119, 120. 121. 122.
Dm G& WO =
Species.
Longimana. Obscura Merdigera Stercoraria Nymphze Cuprea Calmariensis Tenella 4-maculata Cyanella Melanopa Flavipes Tomentosa Punctatissima $-punctata 12-punctata Phellandrii Asparagi Campestris Sulphurea Cervina Caraboides Ceramboides Murina Hirta Pubescens Inda Elongata
. Atra
. Testacea . Bihamata . Muticus
1. Pisi
- Theobromse . Gleditsiz
Country.
Sweden France England Africa England Sweden England England Suffolk Europe Europe England Carolina Surinam Surinam France England England Barbary Suffolk England England England Europe England Germany E. Indies Germany
HISPA.
England France
East Indies ? England
BRUCHUS.
N. America East Indies Isle of France
Modern Genera.
Clythra, Laicharting. Adoxus, Kirby. Lema, Fabricius.
Galleruca, Geoffroy.
Auchenia, Marsham. Lema, Fabricius.
Luperus, Geoffroy. Galleruca, Geoffroy. Doryphora, Lliger. Unknown,
Lema, Fabricius. Helodes, Paykull. Lema, Fabricius.
Allecula, Fabricius. Atopa, Paykull. Melandrya, Fabricius. Cistela, Fabricius.
Lagria, Fabricius.
Sagra, Fabricius. Tillus, Olivier.
Hispa, Linneus. Dichrea, Hope. Sarrotrium, Fabricius.
Bruchus, Linneus.
Caryoborus, Schonherr.
Species. Country. Modern Genera.
4, Bactris Cayenne Caryoborus, Schonherr.
5. Granarius England Bruchus, Linneus.
6. Seminarius England ee
7. Pectinicornis Barbary
CURCULIO.
1, Palmarum Cayenne Curculio, Linneus.
2. Indus East Indies —
3. Hemipterus Cayenne Sphenophorus, Schonherr. 4, Alliariz England Rhynchites, Herbst.
5. Cyaneus England - Orobitis, Germar.
6. Cracce England Apion, Herbst.
7. Campanule Wales Ceutorhynchus, Germar. 8. Badensis Germany Otiorhynchus ?
9, AXquatus England Rhynchites, Herbst.
10. Aterrimus England . Apion, Herbst.
11. Cerasi England Rhinodes, Schonherr. 12, Pruni England as
13. Acridulus England Notaris, Germar.
14, Purpureus Sweden Rhynchites, Schonherr ? 15. Frumentarius England Apion, Herbst.
16. Granarius England | Sitophilus, Schonherr. 17. Dorsalis England : Gymnetron, Schonherr. 18. Melanocardius East Indies ? Sphenophorus, Schonherr. 19. Pini England Pissodes, Germar, 20. Lapathi England Cryptorhynchus, I/liger. 21. Cupreus England Rhynchites, Herbst. 22. Scaber England Otiorhynchus, Germar. 23. T-album England Baridius, Schonherr. 24. Ruficollis England Salpingus, Z/liger.
25. Quercus England Orchestes, Jdliger.
26. Polygoni Sweden Phytonomus, Schonherr. 27. Viscarie England Sibinia, Germar. 28. 2-punctatus Germany Ellescus, Megerle. 29. 4-maculatus England Nedyus, Stephens.
30. 5-maculatus Germany | Tychius, Germar.
31, Pericarpius | England Rhinoncus, Schonherr. 32. Spenglerii Brazils Diaprepes, Schonherr. 33, Vittatus Europe Prepodes, Schonhere.
Species.
. Paraplecticus . Anguinus
. Ascanii
. Algirus
. Bacchus
. Betule
. Populi
. Beccabunge . Alni
. Salicis
. Fagi
. Segetis
. Pomorum
. Ovalis
. Carbonarius . Mucoreus
. Pusio
. Vaginalis
. Stigma
Depressus
. Annulatus . Dispar
. Anchorago . Abietis
. Germanus - Nucum
. Rumicis
- Scrophularie - Druparum . Violaceus
. O-punctatus . Hispidus
. Pedicularius . Tortrix
. Ligustici
- Ovatus
. Cervinus
- Oblongus
. Pyri
. Argentatus . Argyreus
England England Austria Algiers England England England England England England England Sweden England England England Indies Surinam Cayenne Cayenne America Brazils Cayenne Cayenne England England England England England Sweden Sweden Sweden Sweden England England England England Sweden England England England Indies
10
Modern Genera.
Lixus, Fabricius.
Brachycerus, Fabricius. Rhynchites, Herbst.
es
Gymnetron, Schonherr. Orchestes, Iiliger. Tachyerges, Schonherr. Orchestes, Jdliger. Sitophilus, Schonherr. Anthonomus, Germar. Nedyus, Stephens.
Thamnophilus, Schonherr.
Unknown. Cratosomus, Schonherr.
Cryptorhynchus, Schonherr. ? Cholus, Schonherr. Arrhenodes, Steven.
Brentus, Fabricius. Hylobius, Germar. Molytes, Schonherr. Balaninus, Germar. Hypera, Germar. Cionus, Clairville. Anthonomus, Germar. Rhinodes, Schonherr. Tychius, Germar. Trachodes, Schuppell. Anthonomus, Germar. Erirhinus, Schonherr. Otiorhynchus, Germar.
Polydrosus, Germar. Nemoicus, Dilwynn. Phyllobius, Germar.
Cratopus, Schonherr ?
a ST
75. 76. Ft: 78. a9. 80. 81, 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94, 95
e2rN A Ar WHO
Species.
Regalis Viridis Speciosus Ruficornis Albinus Lineatus Incanus Chioropus Rufipes Nebulosus Sulcirostris Ater Emeritus Barbarus Capensis Verrucosus Cornutus 16-punctatus. Granulatus Abbreviatus Apterus
. Coryli . Avellanz . Curculionoides
Surinamensis
. Pensylvanicus
Melanurus
. Betule . Formicarius
Sipylus
. Apiarius . Mollis
Ceramboides Buprestoides
11
Country.
St. Domingo Austria Indies Europe England England Europe Sweden Europe Sweden England England PB. 8. Barbary P.B.S. ? P. B.S. PBs. W. Indies Cayenne Martinique P..B.S:
ATTELABUS.
England Germany England Surinam Pensylvania Upsal England England Asia Minor England England Sweden Europe
Modern Genera.
Prepodes, Schonherr. Chlorophanus, Dalmann. Rhigus ?
Polydrosus, Schonherr. Anthribus, Fabricius. Sitona, Germar. Brachyderes, Schonherr. Sitona, Germar ? Brachyderes, Schonherr. Cleonus, Schonherr.
Rhyncolus, Germar. Brachycerus, Fabricius.
Hipporhinus, Schonherr.
Brachycerus, Fabricius. Cyphus, Schonherr. Entimus, Germar.
Sphenophorus, Schonherr ?
Brachycerus, Schonherr.
Apoderus, Olivier.
Attelabus, Zinneus. Casnonia, Latreille.
Odacantha, Paykull. Rhynchites, Schonherr. Thanasimus, Latreille. Trichodes, Fabricius.
Opilus, Latreille. Upis, Fabricius. Spondylis, Fabricius.
12
CERAMBYX. Species. Country. Modern Genera.
1. Longimanus Cayenne Acrocinus, Jiliger.
2. Trochlearis Brazils
3. Cervicornis Cayenne Macrodontia, Serville.
4, Armillatus Cayenne Enoplocerus, Serville.
5. Imbricornis N. America Prionus, Geoffroy.
6. Faber Switzerland Ergates, Serville.
7. Coriarius England Prionus, Geoffroy.
8. Melanopus Carolina Mallodon, Serville.
9. Thome Isle of St. Thomas | Solenoptera, Serville. 10. Cinnamomeus St. Domingo Stenodontes, Serville. 11. Festivus Brazils Chlorida, Serville.
12. Depsarius Suecia Tragosoma, Serville. 13. Atratus Ceylon Prionus, Geoffroy.
14. Lineatus Jamaica Solenoptera, Serville. 15, Spinibarbis Brazils Mallodon, Serville.
16. Bifasciatus American Isles Pyrodes, Serville.
17. Planatus Europe Uleiota, Latreille.
18. Barbicornis Cayenne Lophonocerus, Latreille. 19. Ammiralis Surinam Hamaticherus ?
20. Batus Brazil Plocederus, Serville. 21. Rubus Java Lamia, Fabricius.
22. Araneiformis Cayenne Lagocheirus, De Jean. 23. Sentis India Lamia, Fabricius.
24. Farinosus Brazils Teniotes, Serville.
25. Ferrugineus India Hamaticherus ?
26. Depressus Brazils Steirastoma, Serville. 27. 4-maculatus Brazils Eburia, Serville.
28. Glaucus America Oreoda, Serville.
39. Nebulosus England Pogonocherus, Megerle. 30. Hispidus England
31. Desertus America Exocentrus, De Jean. 32. Succinctus Surinam Trachyderes, Dalman. 33. Virens Jamaica Callichroma, Latreille. 34. Moschatus England Cerambyx, Linneus. 35. Alpinus Switzerland Rosalia, Serville.
36. Capensis P.B.S. Ceroplesis, Serville. 37, Addilis England (Edilis, Serville.
38. Sutor England
Monohammus, Megerle.
13
39, 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. 48, 49. 50. 51 52. O38. 54, 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70, 71. 72. 73. 74, 75. 76. 77 78, 79.
Species.
Cerdo. Auricomus
‘Textor
Tristis Fuliginator Coquus Cursor Lamed Meridianus Noctis Inquisitor Keehleri Pedestris Carcharias Juvencus Surinamus Scalaris Cardui Populneus Linearis Cylindricus Oculatus Ramphygeus Irroratus Zonarius Curculionides Serraticornis Hispicornis Rusticus Luridus Femoratus Violaceus Auratus Stigma Striatus Variabilis Testaceus Bajulus Fennicus Liciatus Undatus
Country.
England Cayenne England England Germany Canada Switzerland Switzerland Switzerland Switzerland France Germany Spain England America Surinam England England England England England England Brazils American Isles America Germany Suecia America France Suecia Germany England America Cayenne Germany England England England England Suecia Austria
Modern Genera.
Hamaticherus, Megerle. Callichroma, Latreille. Pachystola, De Jean. Morimus, Serville. Dorcadion, Dalman. Lamia ?
Toxotus, Megerle. Pachyta, Megerle. Toxotus, Megerle.
Rhagium, Fabricius, Purpuricenus, Ziegler. Dorcadion, Dalman. Saperda, Fabricius. Saperda ?
Achryson, Serville. Saperda, Fabricius. Agapanthia, Serville. Saperda, Fabricius, Oberea, Megerle. Saperda, Fabricius. Oberea, Megerle. Eburia, Serville. Elaphidion, Serville. Stenochorus, Fabricius. Mesosa, Megerle. Calopus, Fabricius. Callidium, Fabricius.
Tetropium, Kirby. Callidium, Fabricius.
Callidium ?
Megaderus, De Jean. Asemum, Eschcholtz. Callidium, Fabricius.
Hylotrupes, Serville. Callidium, Fabricius. Clytus, Fabricius.
Callidium, Fabricius.
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80. 81. 82. 83.
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Species.
Sanguineus Castaneus Cantharinus Ebulinus
. Aquatica
- Melanura . Rubra
. Sanguinolenta . Testacea
. Revestita . Virens
. Sericea
. 4-maculata . Interrigationis . 6-maculata . 4-fasciata . Attenuata . Nigra
. Virginea
- Collaris
. Rustica
. Mystica
. Alni
. Detrita
. Arcuata
. Verbasci
Arietis
. Preusta . Linearis
. Major
. Minor
. Umbellatarum . Corulea
Atra Rufra
14
Country.
England Europe England France
LEPTURA.
Sweden Sweden Switzerland England England England England Europe Europe Sweden Austria England France England France England N. America? England England Paris England Paris England England Indies
NECYDALIS.
Suecia England England England Austria England
Modern Genera.
Callidium, Fabricius.
Obrium, Megerie. Certallum, Megerie.
Donacia, Fabricius.
Stenura, De Jean.
Leptura, Linneus.
| Donacia, Fabricius.
Pachyta, Megerle.
| Stenura, De Jean.
| Strangallia, Serville.
| Stenura, De Jean. Pachyta, Megerle.
Clytus, Fabricius.
Callidium, Fabricius.
| Clytus, Fabricius.
| Tetrops, Kirby. | Oberea, Megerie.
Molorchus, Fabricius.
Ischnomera, Stephens. Stenopterus, Jdlige7, -
Zip
8. 9. 10. 11.
wo =—
CANA A PW
eet ONDA FW WD — S&S
10.
12.
Species.
Glaucesceus Flavescens Podagrariz Simplex Brevicormis
. Noctiluca
Corusca
. Splendidula
Pyralis
. Marginata
Hespera
. Ignita
. Lucida
. Phosphorea . Mauritanica . Italica
. Chinensis
. Minuta
. Latissima
. Rostrata
. Bicolor
. Sanguinea . Coccinea
Sanguinolenta . Fusca
Livida Rufa Obscura Lateralis
. AXnea . Bipustulata . Pedicularia
Fasciata
11. Biguttata
Minima
15
Country.
Surinam Europe England Europe Guinea
LAMPYRIS.
England Russia Germany N. America America America America America America Barbary Italy Asia England Guinea Pe Bias: Africa England England
CANTHARIS.
Tranquebar England England England England England England England England England England England
Modern Genera.
Stenopterus, Jlliger.
—
Oncomera, Stephens. Oncomera ?
Atractoccrus, Palisot-Beau-
Lampyris, Auctorum. Photinus, Laporte. Lampyris, Auctorum. Photinus, Laporte.
Aspisoma, Laporte.
Photinus, Laporte.
Lampyris, Auctorum. Luciola, Laporte.
Cyphon, Paykull. Lycus, Fabricius.
Charactus, De Jean. Lycus, Fabricius. Pyrochroa, Fabricius.
Cissites, Latreiile. Telephorus, Degeer.
Malachius, Fabricius.
| Malthinus, Latrecd/e.
16
13. 14, 15. 16. 17 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24 25. 26. 27.
— bh KH SO OI AA Aw WO
Ond DD & KY KF SB | =| SS CNH SOM N ADH P & WD
Species.
Cardiace Albicans Testacea Atra Pectinata Serrata Tropica Pectinicornis Violacea Cerulea Viridissima Virescens Dermestoides Navalis Melanura
. Flabellicornis
Speciosus
- Oculatus
. Noctilucus
. Phosphoreus . Porcatus
. Ligneus
. Striatus
. Bipustulatus . Brunneus
Syriacus
. Cruciatus . Linearis
- Ruficollis . Lineatus
. Mesomelus
Aterrimus
. Castaneus
. Livens
. Ferrugineus . Sanguineus . Balteatus
. Marginatus
Country.
England Germany England England
S. America S. America Cayenne Europe Guinea England England Europe Europe Paris England
ELATER.
Sierra Leone Ceylon
N. America Brazils American Isles S. America Cayenne Cayenne England France Syria Austria Suecia England England England England Austria England England England England England
Modern Genera. Malachius, Fabricius. Telephorus, Degeer. Lycus, Fabricius. Calopteron, Laporte. Pyrochroa, Fabricius. Ischnomera, Stephens. Cidemera, Olivier. Ischnomera, Stephens. Hylecetus, Latreiile.
Lymexylon, Fabricius. Ischnomera, Stephens.
Tetralobus, Serville. Alaus, Eschcholiz.
Pyrophorus, Jiliger.
Chalcolepidius, Idliger. Semiotus, Eschcholtz. Chalcolepidius, Serville. Elater, Auctorum. Sericosomus, Serville. Elater, Auctorum ? Selatosomus, Stephens. Campylus, Fischer. Cardiophorus, Eschcholtz. Agriotes, Eschcholiz. Campylus, Fischer. Ectinus, Eschcholtz. Ctenicerus, Latreille. Campylus, Fischer. Ludius, Latreiéle. Elater, Auctorum.
Cataphagus, Stephens.
ee
oN AAFP Ww =
19.
Species.
. Sputator . Obscurus
Tristis
. Fasciatus . Murinus
. Tessellatus . Germanus . AXneus
Pectinicornis
. Niger
. Minutus
. Pulchellus
. Tetrastichon
. Buprestoides . Dermestoides
. Gigantea
. 8-guttata
. Ignita
. Stricta
. Sternicornis . Mariana
. Chrysostigma . Rustica
. Austriaca
. Aurulenta . Tenebrionis . Fascicularis . Hirta
. Rubi
. Nitidula
. Bimaculata . 9-maculata . Tristis
A&nea
. Cuprea . Nobilis . 4-punctata
17
Country,
England England England England England Englaud England England England England England England Africa
England England
BUPRESTIS.
Cayenne France East Indies S. America Bengal Europe Europe Europe Austria Europe Europe
P. B.S:
P. B.S. France Europe East Indies Barbary East Indies ? S. France P. BS. Cayenne France
D
Modern Genera,
Agriotes, Eschcholiz.
Elater, Eschcholtz. Lepidotus, Eschcholtz.
Ctenicerus, Latreille. Selatosomus, Stephens.
Ctenicerus, Latreille. Athous, Eschcholtz. Limonius, Eschcholiz. Hypnoidus, Stephens. Buprestis, Auctorum. Melasis, Olivier. Throscus, Latreille.
Euchroma, Serville. Ancylocheira, Eschcholtz. Chrysochroa, Carcel. Pelecopcephalus, Serville, Sternocera, Eschcholtz. Chalcophora, Serville. Chrysobothris, Hschcholtz. Buprestis, of Authors. Eurythyria, Serville. Anthaxia, Eschcholtz. Capnodis, Eschcholtz. Jalodis, Hschcholiz.
Agrilus, Megerle. Anthaxia, Eschcholtz. Strigoptera, De Jean. Ptosima, Serville. Buprestis ?
Dicerea, Eschcholtz.
Actenodes, De Tew. Anthaxia, Eschcholtz.
© OWA HO LP WW =
— WS) fe iS)
Species.
. Minuta . Minuta . Viridis . Atra
. Festiva . Linearis
. Granularis
. Gigas
. Molitor
. Chalybeus . Mauritanicus . Culinaris
. Barbarus
. Fossor
. Cursor
. Erraticus
. Pallens
. Depressus
. Minutus
. Quisquilius . Gigas
. Mortisagus
. Grossus
Muricatus
. Gibbus
. Coeruleus . Rostratus . Collaris
. Angulatus . Linearis
Spinosus
. Caraboides . Silphoides . Rugosus
. Variabilis . Levigatus . Latipes
18
Country.
England England England Germany Barbary America England
TENEBRIO.
Surinam England England England England Mauritania England Suecia Europe England Suecia Upsal England Spain England Africa Spain England Africa England France Egypt Sweden Spain England Barbary England Tangiers Africa Africa
Modern Genera. Trachys, Fabricius.
Agrilus, Megerle. 2
Lampra, Megerle. Agrilus, Megerle Helophorus, Leach.
Iphthinus, De Jean. Tenebrio, Auctorum. Helops, Fabricius. Alphitobius, Stephens. Stene, Kirby. Trogosita, Fabricius. Clivina, Latreille. Scarites, Fabricius. Uloma, Meyerle ? Antherophagus, Megerle. Pytho, Fabricius. Latridius ? Crypticus, Latreille. Blaps, Fabricius.
Morica, De Jean. Pimelia, Fabricius. Zabrus, Clairville. Helops, Fabricius. Cychrus, Fabricius Elenophorus, Megerle. Pimelia, Fabricius. Unknown.
Akis, Fabricius. Cychrus, Fabricius. Morica, De Jean? Timarcha, MJeger/e. Calcar, De Jean. Timarcha, Megerle.
Species.
31. Tibialis 32. Femoralis 33. Striatulus
. Majalis
. Syriacus . Cichorii . 4-punctata . Capensis
OMAN A OA FH WD &
10. Afer
11. Algiricus 12. Scheefferi 13. Marci
14. Monoceros 15. Floralis 16. Antherinus
. Paradoxa . Aculeata . Humeralis . Frontalis . Thoracica
an FW wD =
. Flava
. Hirtus . Murinus . Maxillosus
. Politus . Rufus . Lunulatus
Ion fF WD =
. Proscarabceus
. Vesicatorius
. Chrysomeloides - Bimaculatus
. Erythropterus
Country.
Africa England Spain
MELOE.
England Spain England Austria China Europe P. B.S. Surinam Suecia Barbary Algiers Germany Suecia England England France
MORDELLA.
England France England England Paris England
STAPHYLINUS.
England England France England England Germany England
19
Modern Genera.
Gonopus, Fischer. Pedinus, Latrezlle. Tentyria, Latreille.
Proscarabeus, Leach. Meloe, Linneus. Lytta, Fabricius.
Mylabris, Fabricius. Zonitis, Fabricius. Mylabris, Fabricius. Lytta? Fabricius ? Apalus, Fabricius. Ginas, Latreille. Lydus, Megerle. Cerocoma, Fabricius. Hylecetus, Latreille. Monocerus, Megerile. Anthicus, Fabricius.
Ripiphorus, Fabricius. Mordelia, Linneus.
Anaspis, Geoffroy.
Emus, Leach, Trichederma, Stephens. Creophilus, Kirby. Staphilinus, Linneus. Philonthus, Leach. Oxyporus, Fabricius. Bolitobius, Leach.
20
Species.
8. Riparius 9. Obtusus
10. 11. 12. 13. 14, 15.
16. 17. 18.
19: 20. 2l. 22.
23. 24.
20. 26.
Lignorum Silphoides Subterraneus Flavescens Elongatus 2-guttata 2-pustulatus Cantharellus Littoreus Sanguineus Caraboides
Chrysomelinus
Flavipes Fuscipes Rufipes Piceus Boleti
Country. Modern Genera. France Poederus, Auctorum. Germany Tachyporus, Gravenhorst. Europe England Tachinus, Gravenhorst. France Europe England Lathrobium, Gravenhorst. Sweden Stenus, Fabricius. England Stenus, Latrevlle. ; Sweden Stenus ?
England Conurus, Stephens. France Tyrus, Aube.
England Lesteva, Latreiile. France Tachyporus, Gravenhorst. England Falagria, Leach.
Sweden Aleochara.
England Tachinus, Gravenhorst. Upsal Oxytelus, Gravenhorst. England Bolitochara, Mannerheim.
COLEOPTERA E MANTISSA PLANTARUM.
Country.
Caroline
Sanguinciollis
Colon
Arator
Scabriculus
SILPHA, Linnevs.
Species. Modern Genera.
North America Necrobora, Hope.
HISPA.
| East Indies | Hispa? Fabricius,
CURCULIO, LinneEus.
England Lepyrus, Germar. Sweden Phytonomus, Schonherr. Denmark
Trachyphleus, Germar.
Modern Genera.
Cayenne Titanus, Serville.
aa } Afer
fe Guinea Callichroma, Latreille. ia -Damicornis S. America Stenodontes, Serville. -___- Trilineatus Jamaica Ptychodes, Chevrolat.
a.) BUPRESTIS, Linneus. _ Depressus | American Isles | Polycesta, Solier. ei
‘a TENEBRIO, LinneEus.
~ Lanipes | Austria | Helops, Fabricius.
REMARKS AND ANNOTATIONS
ON THE
SPECIES OF LINNEAN COLEOPTERA.
DermestTES, Linneus ; or HipE Eater.
Sp. 1. Lardarius.—This species seems widely dispersed throughout the earth, and in many in- stances, has been transported in shipping to various parts of the world. A new species from the Hima- laya so closely resembles that of Europe, that it is almost impossible to distinguish them apart.
Se. 7. Typographus.—Now of the genus Tomicus Latreille. Linneus gives Europe as its true country, while Kalm considers it an American insect, and the same species as that belonging to England. It seems probable that two distinct species have been confounded together.
Sp. 10. Poligraphus ; read Polygraphus.
Sp, 11. Pintperda.—These insects occasion great destruction in plantations of Larch. In Shropshire, they are occasionally very abundant. When the trees appear dwarfish and scrubby, I have almost invariably found that Hylurgus Piniperda had taken
23
up its residence among the young trees ; its presence is easily detected by the singular monstrosities which the extremities of the boughs assume. To check the increase of the evil, I suggest, that all the deformed trees exhibiting corkscrew appendages, be cut out of the plantations, and their boughs be immediately committed to the flames. It has been said that the Larch does not suit the soil wherever this evil predominates. I have known, however, on the same ground, other varieties of Larch succeed when those first planted have failed.
Sp. 14. Mirtus—I have no doubt that this insect is at present a Dasytes; it appears to be the same species which Fabricius has named Ater ; the former name should be retained.
Spe. 15. Fenestralis—Now a Corticaria of Mar- sham. Fabricius has changed the specific name to Fenestratus.
Se. 20. Hustatius.—Probably a Phalacrus of Pay- kull. I find no reference in Fabricius to this insect ; not a specimen is to be found at present in the Linnean Cabinet: from the concise description of the Systema, I regard it as a Phalacrus; it appears to be unknown to most Entomologists.
Sp. 30. Hemipterus.—This insect is probably a Carpophilus of Dr. Leach.
Prinus, Linneus.
Sp. 1, Pectinicornis.—Mr, Stephens has given the appropriate name of Chair-eater to the beetles denominated Ptini. These insects drill holes in our
24
furniture and commit great destruction, attacking chiefly beech-wood, elder, white poplar, cherry-tree, &c.; they will, however, attack mahogany, par- ticularly if wax has been much used. If the white woods are used for furniture, they should be brushed repeatedly with a hard brush; by striking the wood with a hammer it is easy to perceive if Ptinus or Anobium has made its attacks. If a fine white pow- der or sawdust falls upon the ground, the furniture is infested by them. If the attack is early discovered, the insects may be made to abandon the wood by repeated hammerings. Furniture, which is seldom moved from its locality, such as wardrobes, chests of drawers, &c. is generally most attacked ; that which is in common use, and daily well rubbed, will last years uninjured. The wonderful increase of Ptini and Anobia of late years may be attributed to the great importation of carved woods from the Netherlands, the major part of which is infested to a great extent with the above-mentioned genera.
Histrer, Linneus.
Sp. 1. Maximus.—Now of the genus Oxysternus Erichson ; according to my views this should be the Type of Hister; the locality recorded by Linneus is India; East or West is not mentioned. It occurs in Cayenne, and is not very abundant. To investigate this interesting group, the reader is referred to Erich- son's Kafer der Mark Brandenburg, where there will be found the ablest account yet published of these mimic beetles.
25
Sp. 2. Major.—-T wo localities are mentioned— Barbary and India; the latter is probably incorrect, more than one species may be alluded to.
Byrruvus, Linneus.
These insects are generally known by the name of Pill Beetles, probably from the type of the genus being named Pillula. Linneus includes under the same name sundry species of Anthrenus.
Spe. 5. Vagus.—According to Gmelin’s edition of the Systema Nature, the above insect appears to be an Anthrenus.
SitpHa, Linneus.
Silpha Linneus includes under that term about 16 modern genera, which will be more particularly alluded to in the Fabrician species belonging to that group.
Sp. 3. 2-maculata.—According to Schonherr’s Sy- nonymia Insectorum, this species is recorded as a Nitidula. Iam unacquainted with the insect.
Sp. 6, Indica.—According to Schonherr, this in- sect appears to be an Ips. Fabricius names it as Ips grandis, the specific name being properly changed, as it is known to inhabit equinoctial Africa, and neither of the Indies.
Sp. 7. Americana.—This is the type of Mr. Kirby’s sub-genus Necrophila. Vide—Fauna Bore- ali Americana, page 102, where four distinct species are described. I have been obliged to change
E
26
Necrophila to Necrobora, from vexpoBopos mortuos devorans, which latter term is derived from vexpoo and Bopa. The former word is used by Latreille for another genus of the same family.
Sp. 9. Seminulum.—Dr. Leach is of opinion, that this insect is a Scaphisoma; Mr. Stephens, in his Systematic Catalogue, is inclined to consider it as a Cypha of Kirby, one of the genera belonging to the Tachyporide.
Sp. 20. Reticulata.—According to Illiger, this insect is only a variety of Silpha Reticulata Linneus.
Sp. 23 Scabra.—F abricius regards this species as a Trox, (vid.—Syst. Eleut. page 111.) where it is named Arenaria; and the reference to the Systema Nature (2. 573. 23.) is given; [lliger however, asserts that it is a Peltis, and quotes Herbst. (Vid.—Col. 5. 179. 23, tab. 51., f. 17.)
Sp. 26. Succincta—-Now a Lycoperdina of La- treille, and is the Lyc. Fasciata of Fabricius; the former name ought to be retained.
Sp. 28. Fusca.—According to Schonherr, this species is only a variety of Phosphuga Atrata; probably it is an immature variety. Mr. Stephens, in his Catalogue, considers it as Lyctus Oblongus. The insect in the Linnean Cabinet is evidently the same species.
Sp, 35. Atomaria.—A Spheridium of Fabricius, and a Cercyon of Dr. Leach.
27
Cassipa, Linneus.
The beetles belonging to this genus are usually called Shield or Tortoise Beetles; they are exceed- ingly numerous, and appear to have attracted little attention compared with other groups, although the singularity of form, both of the larvae and perfect insects, are well worthy of investigation. They are herbivorous in their habits. Some of the species are diaphanous; others again are ornamented with various colors, spots, fascie, &c Many of them while alive, are enriched with gold and silver mark- ings, which disappear when dead; these tints may be partially restored by immersing them in scalding water. |
Spe. 9. Cruciata.—Now of the genus Aspidomor- pha, Hope; the characters of the new genera created at the expence of the original Cassida, will be found more fully treated of among the Fabrician Cassidoidea.
Sp. 10. Bifasciata.—l\ have little doubt that this species is a Thyreaspis, one of the new genera I have given the characters of: Vid. further re- marks on the Fabrician Casside.
Sp. 17. Grossa.—This is the largest species of Cassida known. I separate it from others under the name of Calaspis, from Kados and Aoms. The details will be found under the Fabrician Cassidide.
Sp. 19. 7-guitata—No notice of this species is to be found in Schonherr’s Synonymia Insectorum,
28
nor does it appear in the Systema Eleutheratorum. I record it merely as a Cassida. In Gmelin’s Systema, the following note occurs :—‘ Habitat in India, An Varietas Blatte Petiveriane ? Brunnich.”
Sp. 27. Discoides.—Probably a misprint; read Discoidea. :
Sp. 28. Petiveriana.—This insect is a Cockroach, and belongs to the order Dermaptera; it is now ranged under Corydia of Serville, one of the genera of Blattidee.
Sp. 30. Bipustula.—Probably an error of the press, instead of Bipustulata.
Sp. 31. Angustata.—Probably a true Cassida. This species must not be confounded with Olivier’s Angustata, which is only a variety of Selenis Per- forata of Fabricius.
CoccinELLA, Linneus.
The insects belonging to this genus are commonly denominated Lady Birds, we are familiar with them from our childhood; they deserve our attention also in later years; and if we encouraged the breeding of them to some extent, we might find the benefit to be derived from them, in saving annually the devastation occasioned by the hop blight. They should be collected in the Autumn in great numbers by sweeping the herbage, &c. with a hoopnet. In the country we frequently see them congregated together in great numbers behind the window-shut- ters; many pass the winter in the crevices, and under the bark of trees; others again hybernate in old walls. In the out-houses of our farms, logs
29
of wood, and damaged bark, which is useless for other purposes, might be heaped together; the insects which are gathered in the autumn should be scattered over it, and there left to select their favorite quarters. In the spring, those which sur- vive the winter, may be gathered together and turned out in the middle of the hop-yards, where they will naturally disperse themselves and attack the blight they are accustomed to feed on.
CoccineLta, Linneus.
Sp. 1. Marginata.—This is one of the gigantic species of the genus; it is abundant in the Brazils, and ought to be considered as the type of the genus.
Sp. 2. Surinamensis.—Now an AXgithus of Fabri- cius, one of the genera of the Erotylide; the re- maining species of Coccinella mentioned by Linneus, are most of them well known in England.
Sp. 6. Unipunciata.—This insect is undoubtedly a Cercyon of Dr. Leach. |
Sp. 15. 7-punctata.—I have received this insect from various parts of Europe, from Africa, Asia, and America; those from the East Indies corres- pond exactly in every point with our English speci- mens. After examining minutely more than 300 individuals from the collection of General Hardwicke, and comparing them with double that number of British specimens, I could only rarely admit of a variety ; I am inclined to think therefore, that this insect enjoys an universal range. The Coccinelle
30
are known at times to migrate. Can we account for the wide range of this insect by migration? I can scarcely imagine that it has been imported into other countries by commerce.
Sp. 41. Cactt.—This insect belongs to Dr. Leach’s genus Chilochorus, and inhabits South America, The Coccinella Cacti of Marsham, is evidently a distinct species.
CurysoMeELa, Linneus.
The genus Chrysomela derives its name from many of the species belonging to it resembling golden apples ; some of them, particularly those of the genus Eumolpus, are occasionally worn by the South American ladies, strung like beads into neck- laces, The original genus of Chrysomela, (so con- stituted by Linneus,) included insects of various other families, such as Erotylus, Cyphon, Diaperis, Endomychus, Mycetophagus, Allecula, Melandrya, Cistela, Lagria, Tillus, and others. Later writers, however, have very properly detached from this magazine several well-established genera: much re- quires to be done in subdividing it more accurately than has yet been attempted. ‘The Chrysomeloidea, asa group, presents us with very varied forms. It is probably richer also in species than any other group of our acquaintance, not excepting even the Curculionidea. As to magnitude, they rarely attain to it. Many of the species are gregarious, while others again are solitary in their habits. 'The whole of them I believe to be herbivorous feeders. Occa-
31
sionally they abound in incalculable numbers, de- stroying in their course the produce of our gardens and farms. The well-known Haltica Nemorum, or Turnip Beetle, frequently produces a failure of the crops intended for the sustenance of our cattle in winter.- The evil may be early discovered, as the cotyledonous leaves will be found drilled with small holes, the result of which attack is that the plant seldom arrives at perfection; in some instances they are totally devoured. It is no unusual occurrence to re-sow the ground, which I have known done three times, and without any better success. The turnip crop must be considered a very precarious one, one that greatly depends for its success upon rain. To obtain it the ground should be highly manured, the seed should be sown after rain, and if the season is dry, well watered when the plants make their appearance. I have heard it stated that turnips always succeed well near a mixen heap; if such is really the case, may we not attri- bute the cause either to the excess of manure, or to the smell of it? If tothe latter, strong smelling manures, such as decayed fish, might probably be used with advantage, and particularly in those counties adjoining the sea. The reader is referred to the Transactions of the Entomological Society of London for remarks on Haltica Nemorum, by Mr. Henry Le Keugh; also to a second paper on the Ravages of the Turnip Fly, with Experiments, by T. S.—Vol. 2. part the second, page 168.
32
Curysometa, Linneus.
Sp. 1. Gigantea.—Now an Erotylus of Fabricius ; the locality stated by Linneus is India. It is found only in the New World, and not in the Old.
Sp. 5. Tanaceti.—This insect appears to abound chiefly in marshy lands. I have known farmers consider it, when in abundance, as a proof that the soil was cold, and wanted drainage.
Sp. 8. 4inea.—Linneus says of this species, hanc ‘‘preecedenti (sc. Chr. graminis) copula junctam.” Vidit D. Muller.
Sp. 9. Alnii—Now an Adimonia of Schrank. ** Hanc antecedenti junctam vidi ipse,” speaks Linneus. The above and present instance are the two earliest notices of irregular copulation I believe on record. Several others are to be found mentioned in later entomological publications.
Sp. 15. Minutissima.—No reference is made in Schonherr’s Synonymy to this insect. I am at a loss to conjecture to what genus to apply it, without it is a Trichopteryx of Mr. Kirby.
Sp. 17. Cerealis—Still a Chrysomela. It is probable that wherever this species abounds there alpine vegetation will occur. It is taken on Snow- don, at considerable altitude, and I believe will be found also on the Wicklow mountains, in Ireland, if it has not already been discovered there. A species closely allied to Cerealis is sometimes brought to this country in the cork imported into England from Spain.
3°
Sp. 38. Sanguinolenta. --Still a Chrysomela. More than one species under the above name will be found in our British cabinets. Those from Yorkshire differ in sculpture considerably from the specimens taken in the county of Middlesex.
Sp. 41. Castanea.—This insect appears amongst the ‘‘ species dubie” of Schonherr’s Synonimy ; and if not a Doryphora, belongs to some of the numerous forms of South American Chrysomelide.
Sp. 45. 3-maculata. — According to I[lliger’s Magazine this insect is a Chrysomela; it deviates from the type, and will probably form a sub-genus.
Sp. 46. Americana.—Still a Chrysomela. Why it is called Americana seems doubtful. Linneus gives Barbary as its true locality ; Fabricius America and France; and the Baron De Jean adds that of Spain.
Sp. 49. Sacra.—Probably a Phytodecta of Kirby. In Townson’s Travels in Hungary, page 170—98. there will be found a reference to this species.
Sp. 69 and 70. Surinamensis.—This and the following species, S-littera, | have given at present as Halticz. They evidently belong to distinct genera; and to the above insects may also be added Ch. AXquinoctialis, differing also considerably in form.
Sp. 80. 4-pustulata.—According to the Linnean cabinet the above species is a true Mycetophagus of Fabricius.
Sp. 100. Cuprea.—Evidently a mistake of the press; the word should have been printed Caprez.
F
34
Sp. 109. 8-punctata.—This insect occurs among the ‘‘ species dubize” of Schonherr, and reference is given to the Ameen. Acad. 6. p. 394. n. 17.
Sp. 121. Inda.—According to Schonherr Inda belongs to the genus Sagra, Iam unacquainted with the species.
Sp. 122. Hlongata.—This species is evidently a Tillus of Fabricius.
Hispa, Linneus.
The insects of this genus are amongst the most singular and grotesque specimens of our cabinets. Their metropolis appears to be oriental India; several of them belonging to the New World require to be separated from Hispa, and formed into sub-genera.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Se. 3. Bihamata.—Evidently one of the genera belonging to Hispidse. It seems to have been the intention of Linneus to have made this insect the type of anew genus. His ample Latin description, after the species had been described by him, may suffice perhaps instead of others characters.—Vid. page 604.
Brucuus, Linneus.
The insects belonging to this genus may properly be designated Seed Beetles. Fortunately in England we are not so much infested by them as the neigh- bouring countries of the continent. Our crops of
Bi)
pease and beans frequently suffer from their ra- vages. Nearly 200 species will be found in the different European cabinets. For an account of the genera belonging to Bruchus, the Entomologist is referred to the elaborate work of Schonherr, now in the course of publication.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 1. Pist.—Still a Bruchus. I am inclined to think that this insect was imported into England, and that originally it inhabited the New World, and not the Old. It has at any rate become natu- ralized, and causes great destruction to the crops of beans and pease.
Sp. 7. Pectinicornis.—Still a Bruchus. It is men- tioned by Linneus as inhabiting Barbary and China. I have repeatedly taken it alive in England, as
well as various other species, which are brought to this country in seeds.
Curcutio, Linneus.
This is one of the most numerous and most im- portant groups belonging to the Coleoptera. It is supposed that the species already contained in the different European collections amount to more than four thousand, and this number is evidently far short of what may yet be expected to occur. For ample information respecting families belonging thereto, the reader is referred to the genera and species Curculionidum, by C. H. Schonherr, cer- tainly the most valuable entomological work of
36
modern times. The accurate descriptions of the species cannot well be surpassed.
LInnEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 1. Palmarum.—Now of the genus Calandra of Fabricius. The larvee, or grubs of this insect, are commonly eaten by the natives in the West Indies; it is there denominated Grugru, and by the English it is called Palmworm. Madame Merian informs us that they are roasted by the natives, and esteemed, when properly cooked, rich and delicate eating. Linneus, in a note to this species, adds, ‘‘ Larvee assatze in deliciis Habentur.”
Sp. 8, Badensis—I am unacquainted with this species, but suspect it to be an Otiorhynchus of modern days.
Sp. 14. Purpureus.—It is with a doubt that I give the generic name of Rhynchites of Schonherr to this species.
Sp. 16. Granarius.—Now a Sitophilus of Schon- herr. Wheat infested by this beetle was submitted to 135° of Fahrenheit, which entirely destroyed them ; it was then sifted and cleansed from these noxious insects. ‘The bread was not much the worse; and the seed, which had been subjected to the heat, when sown, came up very freely.— For an interesting notice on the Corn Weevil, the reader is referred to Mr. W. Mills’ Memoir, published in the first volume of the Entomological Transactions, at page 241.
Sp. 18. Barbicornis.—Linneus mentions Asia as
o”
the country from whence this insect was received. It is evidently a South American species, and inhabits Cayenne.
Spe. 19. Pini.—A Pissodes of Germar. Linneus informs us, ‘‘ Vidi copula junctas, C. Pini et Abietis.” Now, according to the modern arrange- ment of the genera of this family, the former belongs to Pissodes of Germar, the latter to an Hylobius of the same author. In the catalogue of the Baron De Jean nearly fifty genera intervene. The above arrangement therefore must be ex- tremely artificial, at least if there is any truth in the assertion that only species of the same genus will copulate. Here is evidence to contradict that assertion; and other instances might be adduced to corroborate the authority of Linneus, viz. that insects of different genera will mingle. As to any result arising from it, that appears to be, accord- ing to my views, altogether improbable. Such opinions I have heard brought forward, certainly not substantiated; and should they be, what genus of authors will stand, probably not one.
Spe. 34. Paraplecticus—Now a Lixus of Fa- bricius. The following short notes are attached to this species,—‘‘ Larva intra caulem, szepe sub aqua heeret,” which circumstance I can substan- tiate; “ Equis Paraplegia caussari dicitur, anti- dotum stercus suis.” With regard to the latter remarks, I am not aware that they have of late been observed, and therefore introduce them here with the hopes of ascertaining the fact.
38
Sp. 49. Mucoreus.—I cannot give any informa- tion respecting this insect. If it comes from the New World, it is likely to be an Heilipus,
Sp. 53. Depressus.—I have recorded this species as a Cryptorhynchus; it may however be an Heilipus.
Sp. 74. Argyreus.—This species may be a Cratopus of Schonherr. ‘There are several Linnean Curculionide, unknown to the above assiduous writer. As a copious supplement may shortly be expected, some of the doubtful species will no doubt be ascertained.
Sp. 77. Spectosus.—It is with doubt that I re- cord this species as a Rhigus. There seems to be a difficulty respecting its true locality, I regard it as belonging to the New World.
Sp. 94. Abbreviatus.—I suspect that this insect may be a Sphenophorus of Schonherr.
ArTretasus, Linneus.
This is certainly the most imperfect of all the genera established by Linneus; as under the name of Attelabus, one of the Curculionidea, we meet not only with Carabidze and Tillidee, but with Upis belonging to the Tenebrionidz, and Spon- dylis, which is a longicorn beetle. As the species offer nothing worthy of remark, I pass on to the Longicorns, comprehended by Linneus under the term of Cerambyx.
39
CreramByx, Linneus.
The long-horned beetles may be remarked as insects almost unrivalled in size; indeed, they are only surpassed in magnitude by some few of the Mantide ; as to variety of form, they are not very remarkable, having generally cylindrical bodies, and delicately attenuated limbs. Their antenne are sometimes pectinated, offering a considerable differ- ence with regard to their structure. ‘The thorax and elytra are frequently armed with spines, and from the presence or absence of armature, many of the genera have derived their names; nearly the whole of the family, in their earlier stages, exist in timber, under the form of white worms closely resembling maggots, the head being usually yellow or brown. In the Old World as well as the New, their grubs have afforded a rich repast to the civilized epicu- rean, and no less dainty relish to the African Bush- man ; they are eaten also, at the present day, by white and black people in various parts of the world. The grub of Prionus Coriarius is generally believed to have been the Cossus of the Romans. The Makokko beetle is highly rated as a luxury in Surinam. The Montac worm is a favorite at the Mauritius. In Africa, the larva of Omacantha Gigas when roasted, forms an article of food; and in Asia, various species of Lamiadz, are eaten by the natives of Travencore and Ceylon. It is not by yielding food only that these insects are serviceable to man; they are in tropical countries extremely useful—they
40
tend to diminish the excess of luxuriant vegetation. As pioneers, they perforate in all directions the monarchs of the forest; the rains during the Mon- soon lodge in their excavations and tunnels, and soon produce decay in the heart of the tree. The — white ants and other insects follow in their track, and soon reduce them to an almost impalpable powder; and really without these most useful insects abounded, vegetation in a rich and generous soil would soon overspread the land, and nothing but an interminable forest would every where predomi- nate. To the longicorn beetles then, we are greatly indebted for keeping in check an exuberant vege- tation. It is time however, to allude more parti- cularly to the species mentioned by Linneus.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Spe. 1. Longimanus.—The locality mentioned by De Geer, is India, and by Linneus, America; it evidently belongs to the New World, and occurs abundantly in Cayenne.
Sp. 7. Coriarius.—Now a Prionus of Geoffroy ; according to Amoreux, the larvee of this species were antiently eaten by the Romans under the name of Cossus.
Spe. 13. Atratus.—Probably a true Prionus.— Vide—Gronovius, tab. 14, fig. 9.
Sp. 17. Planatus—Now an Uleiota of Latreille, who has changed the specific name to Flavipes.
Sp. 19. Ammiralis.—Probably an Hamaticherus ; it is doubtful if Linneus ever saw this insect, it was
4]
described merely from a drawing sent to him from Surinam by L’Ammiral. It seems that Schonherr considers this insect as a Saperda: the description given by Gmelin induces me to regard it as one of Stenochoridz.
Sp. 25. Ferrugineus.— An insect closely re- sembling this species I have lately received from the vicinity of Bombay: it appears to be an Ham- maticherus of Serville.
Sp. 26. Depressus.—The true locality of this species is South America, and not Coromandel, as reported by Degeer.
Sp. 34. Moschatus.—As I regard this insect as the type of Cerambyx, I retain that name, which appears to have been abandoned by the French writers. Monsieur Serville considers it as belonging to his genus Aromia.
Sp. 37. Aidilis.—Monsieur Serville applies the name of Aldilis as the type of the genus, and has consequently changed the specific name to Montana. As the insect is more abundant in the plains, I suggest the adoption of Vulgaris, instead of Montana.
Sp. 44. Coquus.—In Gmelin’s Systema and in Schonherr’s Synonymia Insectorum, this insect is ranged under the genus Lamia. I am totally un- acquainted with the species, and record it there- fore as a Lamia with a doubt.
Sp. 53. Juvencus.—This insect is probably a Saperda. The concise description given by Gmelin leads me to regard it as such; first from the thorax being unarmed, and secondly as it is compared in
G
42
the Systema of that author with Saperda Carcha- rias, which it rivals in magnitude. There is no notice of this species in Olivier’s work.
Sp. 54. Surinamus.—Now the type of Monsieur Serville’s genus Achryson. Fabricius named dif- ferent varieties of this insect,—Pallens, and Cir- cumflexum, and Olivier, changed Sarinamus to Surinamensis.
Se. 61. Ramphygeus—Now an Eburia of Ser- ville. Fabricius has changed the specific name to 4-maculata. Iam inclined, however, to retain the Linnean name. |
Sp. 63. Zonarius.—I am totally unacquainted with this insect. I suspect it belongs to the Stenochoridx, although [ am in doubt to what modern genus I can assign it, it may be an Kla- phidion of Monsieur Serville. I record it as a Stenochorus. :
Sp. 66. Hispicornis.—This species I regard as a sub-genus allied to Callidium. Schonherr makes it a Stenochorus, Gmelin a Calopus; for the present | give it as a Callidium.
Sp. 68. Luridus—Now a Tetropuim of Mr. Kirby. The type of this sub-genus is Callidium triste of Fabricius. ‘The Baron de Jean has, in his last catalogue of 1837, given the manuscript name of Isarthron, comprehending under it various spe- cies. It is no unusual occurrence to find various insects ranged under barbarous Greek and Latin names, when their generic characters are un- published. I think that nearly half of the genera
43
designated by De Jean as distinct, have names applied to them without any of the characters being published; I adopt therefore the name of Tetro- pium, published by my friend the Rev. William Kirby, in his Fauna Boreali Americana, where the details will be found accurately described; a work certainly not sufficiently appreciated in our own country as it ought to be: fault has been found with it by those who know little of exotic forms. If Mr. Kirby has formed his types of genera from specimens in his own collection, and has not the opportunity of knowing what has been already published by others (as he lives almost entirely in the country), it only corroborates the views of those Entomologists who have preceded him. There can be little doubt that Mr. Kirby is too profound in science to adopt visionary theoreti- cal views. The Fauna Boreali Americana is the publication of an Entomologist, who 1s an octoge- narian, and | have no hesitation in stating that few naturalists living, if any, at Mr. Kirby’s extra- ordinary age, have their faculties less impaired. Where is the individual that could publish, in this country, such a Fauna? That it has errors no one will doubt, (what work has not?) Let those how- ever who find the greatest fault look to their own inferior publications, and then consider that some merit is due to a veteran in science; one whose name will certainly be as devotedly cherished in England as Latreille is deservedly in France, “ ferat palmam qui meruit.”
44
Sp. 71. Auratum.—Schonherr regards this species as a Cerambyx; Gmelin ranks it as a Callidium, and compares it with Cal. Violaceum. With the latter authority I am inclined to agree.
Spe. 76. Bajulus—Now an Hylotrupes of Ser- ville. I have received this insect from New Hol- land. Linneus considers it as European, Kalm regards it as a North American insect. I do not presume to state that originally it was an English species; that it is now naturalized and abundant about timber-yards cannot be doubted. The Aus- tralian specimens accord entirely with those I have taken in this country; at least I have been unable to detect any specific reference.
Sp. 78. Liciatus—Now a Clytus of Fabricius. The insect is named by Fabricius Hafniensis, and as Liciatus is certainly the same species I adopt the Linnean name.
Sp. 81. Castaneus.—This insect, if L remember rightly, is a Monacantha of Kirby, one of the Steno- choridze; Schonherr refers to Panzer’s edition of Voet. 3, page 46. 75. t. 17. I have been unable to obtain a sight of the above work.
Sp. 83. Hbulinus.— Probably a Certallum of Megerle. In Gmelin’s Systema, at page 1856, this insect is compared with Cer. Iatalicus in regard to its form. By some writers, Italicus is considered only a variety of Certallum ruficolle, It must here be stated that another species, named Ebulinus, be- longs to the modern genus Dorcasomus.
45
Lertrura, Linneus.
The genus Leptura, according to the species described in the Systema of Linneus, is a well- defined family. It is true that some species of Donacia and Callidium will be found united with them; it is nevertheless one of the best charac- terized of all the genera established by the above author, and by later writers. Pachyta, and other various forms, are still considered as justly belonging to the family. It seems almost peculiar to North- ern Europe and America; some species, however, will be found extending far into South America, and one or two denominated as belonging to Tox- otus, will appear in catalogues as inhabiting Ma- dagascar. ‘They deviate certainly from the typical genera. The metropolis of Leptura may justly be considered Northern Europe or Northern America. Many of our English specimens have their exact representatives in the United States, and by various Entomologists, some species are considered iden- tically the same. Some appear to be found in both hemispheres.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 6. Revestita.—This insect is certainly the Lep. villica of Fabricius. It is remarkable that the Baron De Jean, and other French writers, quote Fabricius repeatedly, while they neglect the Sys- tema of Linneus. Schonherr also, in his Synonymia Insectorum, makes the name of Revestita secondary
46
to Villica. I am inclined to retain the Linnean name before the Fabrician.
Se. 8. Sericia.—A typographical error; no doubt in place of Sericea. ‘There can be little doubt that this insect belongs to the genus Donacia.
Sp. 17. Rustica.—This insect appears to be a Clytus. The locality of North America seems doubtful.
Sp. 25. Linearis.—The last species of the longi- corn beetles, mentioned in the Systema, belongs to a genus closely allied to Saperda. It is in De Jean's catalogue called an Oberea of Megerle, and is one, I believe, of the numerous genera named by that individual, without any published characters.
Necypauis, Linneus.
The generic term of Necydalis has been entirely abandoned by some writers on Entomology. No mention is made of it in the Baron De Jean's last catalogue, a work in which other old Linnean names are too readily given up, whilst others are adopted in their room. ‘The insects included under the term Necydalis, in the Systema, are few in number, not exceeding eleven. The singular form of Atractocerus has been associated with them, and certainly appears quite mislocated.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 1. Major.—Now a Molorchus of Fabricius. If the latter term is used instead of the Linnean
47
Necydalis, we must abandon the term of Stenop- terus adopted by Illiger.
Se. 7. Glaucescens.—This species appears to be only a variety of Stenopterus rufus of Ilhger.
Lampyris, Linneus.
Under the above term are comprehended various insects, which are called Glow-worms. There will be found amongst the species mentioned by Linneus nearly a third part of them belonging to other genera, which cannot be considered as true Lampy- ridz, as they possess no luminous properties. The European species are few in number, while those of the tropics are numerous; some of them indeed of considerable size. In Italy the Glow-worm is called by the English Firefly, and by the natives of the country Luciola. The latter name is adopted generically by Comte de Castelneau, and Italica may be considered as its type.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 13. Minuta.— This is now a Cyphon of Paykull, and one of the genera belonging to the family Cyphonidz of Mr. Stephens. The Cyphon Pallidus of Fabricius appears to be only a variety of minuta of Linneus; the remaining species be- long at present to Lycus, and other allied genera. I proceed therefore with the next genus, namely, Cantharis.
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Cantuaris, Linneus.
The above name should only be applied to the true vesicatory insects; I therefore adopt the term used by Degeer, namely, Telephorus. Nearly the whole of the species detailed by Linneus belong to the Malacododermata. There are about forty dif- ferent indigenous British species: the exotic ones are considerably more numerous. They prey chiefly on insects for food; they will however sometimes attack vegetable as well as animal food. Little has been done in subdividing the family into genera. The Baron De Jean, in his last catalogue, gives various generic names, without detailing their characters ; J am therefore obliged to object to their adoption.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 1. Sanguinolenta.—This remarkable insect belongs to the family Horiadze, and is of the genus Cissites of Latreille. It occurs at Bombay, Madras, and Ceylon, from which places I have occasionally received it.
Sp. 19. Tropica.—This insect now belongs to the genus Calopteron, Laporte. The species of it differ considerably from Dictyoptera of Latreille ; the generic details will be found published in the Hist. Nat. des Animaux—Articulees, page 261.
Sp. 21. Violacea.—l consider this insect to be an Ischnomera of Stephens. It has never fallen under my notice, Guinea appears to be the locality given to it.
49
Evater, Linneus.
The insects belonging to the above genus are usually in our country termed Skipper, or Click Beetles. They are exceedingly numerous, and more than a thousand species will be found in the dif- ferent European cabinets. The tropical species are many of them of considerable magnitude, and com- pared with the Buprestidze they must yield to them . In splendour and colouring, although some of them are richly metallic, and are diversified with singular markings. The larva, of one of these beetles be- longing to the genus Cataphagus, commits great ravages on our crops. They are chiefly root- feeders, and are known to farmers under the name of Wireworms. In some years they have greatly damaged the wheat, in others the hop plants. In 1838, the potatoe crop in the counties of Salop, Hereford, and Worcester, were reduced nearly to a third of the usual annual produce. The most effectual method of getting rid of them is to employ children to handpick them, having previously at- tracted them to baits, by placing potatoe slices near their haunts. The larvz, when collected, should be destroyed by scalding water, and may then be given to poultry, or thrown away.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 1. Flabellicornis.—Now a Tetralobus of Ser- ville. Several species have been confounded with H
50
the above insect. There appear to be two dis- tinct genera belonging to the family, if not more; first, those species which differ in their antennz, and have their elytra at the apex rounded; and secondly, those which have the wings at their extremity. acuminated: seven species have fallen under my inspection. The locality mentioned by Linneus 1s India, now it is evidently from Africa, and not from Asia.
Sp. 2. Speciosus.—Now an Alaus of Eschcholtz. I have received it from Ceylon, and also from Madras.
Sp. 7. Ligneus.—Now a Pericallus of Serville, and a Semiotus of Eschcholtz. The latter name should be adopted, as Pericalus is previously used by Mr. W. Sharp MacLeay, in his Annulosa Java- nica. Semiotus of De Jean’s catalogue, should pro- bably be written as Semeiotus.
Sp. Ll. Syriacus.—I am totally unacquainted with this species, and record it as an Elater with a doubt.
Sp. 12. Cruciatus—Now a Selatosomus of Ste- phens. I have received several specimens of this species from North America, and after comparing them with our European specimens, I cannot dis- cover the slightest difference.
Sp. 35. Pulchellus— Now an Hypnoidus of Ste- phens. Eschcholtz has given to it the generic name of Hypolithus, which term has previously been used, and must therefore be abandoned.
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Sp. 36. Tetrastichon.—This insect, according to my views, is a true Buprestis. Mr. Kirby, how- ever, considers it as a Perotis of Megerle.
Sp. 38. Dermestoides.—This insect is the same species as Elater clavicornis, Oliv. and is the type of Latreille’s genus Throscus.
Buprestis Linneus.
According to the Systema, Cicindela intervenes between Elater and Buprestis; and as the two former have been treated on, we will proceed with the latter. The Buprestoidea comprehend various families: it is probable that there are 1500 species in the continental collections. Many of them are large, many again diminutive; the majority are adorned with gold, and various colours. In metallic splendour they equal the Eumolpide. In the Kast Indies we meet with the giant Sternocera, and bril- liant Chrysochroa; in Africa with nearly a similar representative as to form in the genus Julodis; the latter is remarkable for its dense clothing. In Aus tralia we find various other forms peculiar to that comparatively unexplored continent; more than a century of species from that locality have already been described by me, and many others have since been added to my collection. The New Holland species are characterised by gaudy colours, the predominating being chiefly orange and crimson.
LAINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 1. Gigantea.—In the Systema, Asia as well
52
as America is given as its native country. The form is peculiar to the New World, and is never found in the Old.
Sp. 4. Stricta.—-Probably a Pelecopcephalus of Serville. Gmelin mentions the locality of South America as well as India, Iregard it as belonging to the former.
Sp. 8. Austica.—All species of Buprestide allied to Rustica should retain the name of Buprestis. Eschcholtz has given them the name of Ancylo- cheira, and Mr. Kirby that of Anoplis.
Spe. 10. Aurulenta.—The locality of Linneus is Carolina; it belongs to Europe, and not America. It appears that the bup. aurulenta of Linneus is the Decora of Fabricius.
Sp. 18. Tristis—Probably a true Buprestis? In the Eleutheratorum the locality is, habitat in Indiis. Schonherr imagines the East Indies; I regard it as a species from the Cape of Good Hope.
Sp. 23. and 24. Minuta.—By some mistake this species,was twice described in the Systema Naturee ; it belongs at present to the genus Trachys.
Sp. 26. Atra.—Probably an Agrilus, and only a dark variety of Agrilus Viridis. As Dyticus and Carabus are treated of already in my former Fasciculus, I pass onwards to Tenebrio.
TeneEsBRIO, Linneus. The genus Tenebrio, according to the Systema, is one of the most faulty of any attempted by Linneus. He has thrown together insects of various
53
families, merely because they have their elytra united together, consequently we find several ano- malies. We meet with Carabidee, Scaritidse, An- therophagus belonging to Engide, and Trogosita
one of the Xylophaga; and in addition to the above
we have to mention also Timarcha, decidedly one of the Chrysomelidze: it appears therefore that Tenebrio ‘was a Magazine genus, and must be considered in that light in the Linnean arrangement.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 2. Molttor.—In England the larve of these beetles are called Meal-worms: they abound in granaries, bakehouses, &c.; in kitchens frequently they breed in great numbers under the hearth- stones; from the last circumstance Ll am _ inclined to regard it as originally exotic; it has probably been introduced by commerce. As we find other species of the genus are imported occasionally from the East Indies and New Holland, so formerly perhaps was the above species.
Spe. 3. Chalybeus.—The locality mentioned by Linneus is Guinea. The insect is an European species, and has been taken in England.
Sp. 6. Barbarus.—From examining this species in the Linnean cabinet, I give it as a Trogosita.
Sp. 8. Cursor.—In the tables I have recorded this insect as a Scarites of Fabricius. It is probably an immature species of Dyschirius.
Sp. 9. Erraticus—I consider this insect to be a
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species of Megerle’s genus Uloma: Schonherr doubts it being a true Tenebrio.
Sp. 12. Minutus—I know not to what genus this insect can be applied, without it is a Latridius or Corticaria.
Sp. 18, Gibbus.—A note in Schonherr’s Syno- nymia Insectorum leads me to consider this species as a Zabrus.
Sp. 23, Linearis.—In Schonherr’s Synonimy this insect is ranged under the genus Tenebrio, with the following note appended to it—‘‘An hujus generis ?” I consider it as unknown to modern Entomologists.
Sp. 28. Variabilis.— There is great perplexity and doubt relating to this species. According to Latreille it is a Moluris. Illiger considers it the same as Pimelia Chrysomeloides of Herbst., and probably it is the same as P. Scabra of Fabricius. If it is the Pim. Variolaris of Olivier, it is an Adesmia. The Baron de Jean regards it as a Calcar, and I feel inclined to think that he is right in his conjectures.
Sp. 31. Tibialis.—I was inclined to consider this species as an Acanthomera of Lattreille; from a reference in my MSS., nearly obliterated, I have re- ported it as a Gonopus of Dr. Fischer. I am unable to give the authority, as the name was written m pencil, and is now nearly obliterated.
Me tor, Linneus.
All the species belonging to this genus are vesi-
55
catory insects; they are used for medicinal purposes
in parts of Europe instead of the Cantharides. My friend Dr. Leach, in the 11th volume of the Linnean Transactions, published a Monograph of our British species. It has been stated that Meloe was con- fined to Europe and its islands; that opinion is erroneous, as I have received some from North as well as South America. The larvze of these insects are supposed to be parisitical on the Hymenoptera, and Monsieur Serville is reported to have corrobo- rated the statements of Degeer from actual obser- vation. Monseiur Latreille, Mr. Kirby, and other Entomologists, doubt the parasitical nature of the larvee of these Meloes. Mr. Newport has lately directed his attention to the subject, and we may hope therefore for a solution of a question which still remains undecided, ‘‘ adhuc sub judice lis est.”
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 1. Porscarabeus.—According to Dr. Leach this is the type of the genus Proscarabzeus, the specific name therefore must be changed. He has given it that of Vulgaris.
Sp. 8. Chrysomeloides.—This insect is recorded by Schonherr among the species Dubize of the genus Lytta; in Gmelin’s edition it ranks under that of Mylabris. I undoubtedly prefer the authority of Schonherr, although in the tables I give it as a Lytta, with a query?
Sp. 13. Marci.—This insect appears to be only a variety of Hyleczetus dermestoides of Fabricius.
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Sp. 14. Monoceros.—Now the type of the genus 7 the specific name I change to Vulgaris. Other writers give the generic name of Notoxus to include the insects belonging to it. I cannot adopt it, as it is used previously by Fabricius himself for one of the genera of Tillidee.
Morpetyia, Linneus.
The species of Mordella mentioned in the Systema belong only to three genera. MRipiphorus is a para- site, found in the wasp’s nest, and the remaining Species are taken abundantly on the umbelliferze and on other plants. As I have no observations to make on the Linnean species, I pass onwards to the genus Staphilinus.
STaPHiILtinus, Linneus.
Under the term Staphilinus will be found the whole of the Brachelytra, commonly called in England Rove Beetles. The species belonging to our British Isles are probably not far from a thou- sand, about 700 of which have been described. Among them there are very decidedly marked families. It is generally regarded as a carnivorous group, and it is true that some of the larger species feed on carrion; the great majority of them, how- ever, are vegetable feeders. They abound.in de- cayed fungi and rotten wood; others occur in numbers in the recent droppings of cattle, and frequent the dung-heap, around which many of them live. Minute as many of these insects are,
57
they have nevertheless engaged the attention of
various European Entomologists, and it may justly be said that their metropolis is situate in the Northern regions. This genus of Linneus included only twenty-six species. It was early dismem- bered by Fabricius, who constituted two other genera, namely, Oxyporus and Peederus; other writers have since successfully cut up the group, and arranged them into families. The genera known at present amount nearly to one hundred, and the species in our cabinets greatly exceed a thousand. Although much has been done in regard to the European species, little attention has been paid to exotics; those of Asia, Africa, and America, are comparatively unknown. It is to be hoped that Gravenhorst and Erichson will, ere long, give us their observations on the species belonging to those countries which have hitherto been greatly neglected.
LINNEAN SPECIES.
Sp. 10. Lignorum.—I| consider this insect as a Tachyporus of Gravenhorst.
Sp.13. Hlavescens.—Probably a Tachinus. The Staphilinus Flavescens of Fabricius, must not be confounded with this insect. Gravenhorst, whose authority is very valuable, gives us the following note on this species—* Stap. Flavescens, Linneus, in Faun. Suec. No. 850; huc non pertinere videtur, nam similis est Stap. subterraneo (Tachyporo sub- terraneo)—Confer T. humeralis M. p. 137.”
1
58
Sp. 17. Cantharellus.—Probably a Stenus, or a genus Closely allied to it.
Sp. 19. Sanguineus.—This species, according to Mr. Stephens, is a Bryaxis of Dr. Leach. Monsieur Aube considers it as belonging to his genus Tyrus. The few remaining Staphilinide require no observations.
OBSERVATIONS
LINNEAN COLEOPTERA,
MENTIONED IN THE MANTISSA PLANTARUM.
Tue Curculio named Scabricul appears to be a misprint, instead of Scabriculus. It undoubtedly belongs to the genus Trachyphleeus of Germar. Ptychodes trilineatus of Linneus, is the same insect which Fabricius has called Saperda vittata: the original specimens are in my collection, and they evidently belong to Monsieur Chevrolat’s genus Ptychodes. The last insect I have to allude to, is Buprestis depressus: it appears to be a Polycesta of Solier, and most certainly belongs to the New World, and not to the Old; the locality of the East mentioned by Forskal, is therefore erroneous: it may probably have been imported from the Brazils in shipping. |
59
a REMARKS
ON THE
COLEOPTERA
DESCRIBED BY LINNEUS IN THE SYSTEMA NATUR.
In concluding my Observations on the Linnean CoteopTerA, I take the present opportunity of _ stating my views respecting what we owe to Lin- neus as a Naturalist generally, and as an Entomo- logist in particular. From circumstances over which I have no controul, it is probable that I may not be able to treat of the remaining Orders in the same way I have done the Coleoptera; but should leisure be allowed me, most willingly will I attempt it.
It has long been my fixed opinion, that a thorough acquaintance with the writings of Linneus and Fa- bricius is of the first importance to the Entomologist. Let any individual be well acquainted with species, he may then, without much difficulty, form his ge- nera and families. One of the prevailing errors of the day is a love of creating genera, any difference, however slight, is considered sufficient; and it is to be regretted that exotic forms are rarely, if ever,
60
taken into consideration. In comparing our in- digenous species with those of other countries, it is easy to trace the gradations from one family to another; it is however difficult to decide, in many instances, to what modern genus an insect really belongs; and this arises partly from individuals de- scribing insects without having access to extensive collections. Some writers however hold different views, and there are those who look to groups and and almost entirely disregard species. This is some- thing like a geologist, who would disregard minera- logy and think it unnecessary to be acquainted with the rudiments of that science. But to proceed to the Linnean Entomology.
The Systema Nature of Linneus, in my humble opinion, is a work which has contributed more to the immortality of the individual who gave it to the world, and to the advance of the science of Natural History, generally, than any other that can be men- tioned; it is undoubtedly the grandest, and by far the most important, of all the works of Linneus. It is not my intention here to enter into a review of all the classes of the Systema Nature; I shall restrict myself entirely to the Entomology. I can- not however avoid expressing my admiration of the grasp of mind which conceived the plan, and of the perspicuous and judicious manner in which Linneus methodized the whole; later writers have undoubt- edly improved on it, but like the story of Columbus and the egg, they need the merit of originality and invention. The Entomological branch of Natural
6]
History had been so much neglected before the time of Linneus, that little instruction was known; Science generally was in a state of confusion; some few had attempted to detail the Anatomy of Insects, while others had elucidated their metamorphosal charac- ters. The compilations of Aldrovandus and Mouffet may be considered as the chief entomological works of that period, containing much that was valuable, much that was useless. Our countryman Ray it is true, had published his Methodus Insectorum, a very sur- prising work, (one that will long remain a monument of what devotion to science, and great assiduity, can accomplish ;) it was however insufficient for general classification and arrangement, and imperfect in some of its minor points; it needed also the happy invention of Trivial names, and consequently it gave way to the Linnean compendium, entitled the Sys- tema Naturze. Far be it from me to decry the merits of the illustrious Ray; it is evident to the Naturalist, that had not Ray and his cotemporaries acted as the pioneers of science, Linneus must na- turally have been too much engrossed with details; his progress therefore must have been obstructed, if not arrested, and his success in consequence have been problematical..,
The Systema Naturee as a whole, may justly be considered as a most useful catalogue of nature’s works. The introduction of specific names was cer-
tainly a happy invention of its author, and tended
greatly to ensure its success. The arrangement must be considered artificial, and did we view it in any
62
other light, erroneous would be our judgment. Fault has been found with the subdivisions of animals into five gradations, namely, those of Kingdom, Class, Order, Genus, and Species; in these points I can- not agree with his opponents, as these divisions greatly tend’ to simplify an artificial classification, although it must be remarked, that in reality none of these gradations actually exist.
With respect to Nomenclature and Orismology, Linneus has been accused of introducing into his writings a variety of terms not warranted by clas- sical authority. In supporting him on this point, it is only necessary to look to the lengthy and tedious descriptions of animals published by authors ante- cedent to his time. Some of his terms may not be accurately derived from the Greek or Latin, they are however generally so, and sufficiently expressive of the objects intended, and when compared with Fabricius as a writer, or with other authors of that period, he appears quite as the Cicero of his age, while Fabricius is little better than a barbarian. Let any one compare the names of the Orders of the two writers, and then decide on the merits of their respective orismology. As to the Linnean style, it is nervous, expressive, and concise, but in many instances it is too laconic. It will generally be admitted that Linneus had a happy command of language, and no man used it for purposes more successfully. The accuracy and precision of his descriptions rendered Natural History an easy and delightful study, which previously could only have
=
63
been regarded as irksome, laborious, and unprofit- able; the publication of the Systema, therefore, first rivetted attention, and consequently almost neces- sarily ensured its success. As to the arrangement of the Entomology of the Systema, it would not be fair or just to compare it rigorously with our latter and more modern Systems. It certainly has its merits. Linneus commences with the Lamellicorns and terminates with the Staphilinidze; such views have been adopted by others, and are still acknow- ledged by various European writers. ‘The La- treillian arrangement, commencing with Cicindela and Carabus, is not at all consonant with my views ; and as I have expressed them in the preface of the second Fasciculus, [I shall not now recapitulate them. It may be remarked, en passant, that the Latreillian System, which by some has been de nominated the more natural system, has its errors, and what system, lask, has not? Linneus cannot be accused of so outrageously violating the Natural System, as the Prince of Entomologists, and others of the French school have been, by separating the Dyticoidea from the Hydrophiloidea, Their system is, in the above instance, artificial in the extreme. Let us, however, look to the last Catalogue of the Baron De Jean, the attached pupil of his illustrious Master, and then form an opinion. Between the Hydrocanthares and Palpicornes, (both of them
true aquatic groups,) we find the Brachelytra, the
Sternoxa, Malacordermata, Tilloidea, and Clavicor- nea, comprehending a vast number of terrestrial
64
genera, and containing probably more than 5,000 catalogued species of the present day. We then arrive again at the Aquatic Coleoptera by genera, which may properly be termed Sub-aquatic. Is such an arrangement natural ?—certainly not. Lin- neus, Fabricius, and Olivier, three illustrious Ento- mologists of different countries, yet of the same period, followed in this instance the natural arrange- ment; later writers have unfortunately changed these views, and it is with pleasure and satisfaction there- fore I record, that our countryman Stephens (no unimportant authority in such matters) has returned to the original Linnean arrangement, and in his wake I willingly follow, as he is, in the language of Bar- rington, thoroughly an ‘‘ Out-door Naturalist.” It would be a great gain to Entomology if the same writer (when he has finished the publication of our indigenous species) could bestow some of his at- tention on Exotics.
Other systems soon followed that of the illustrious Swede. Degeer was the first eminent author who trod the path traced by Aristotle and Linneus, the organs of locomotion, (chiefly those of flight) united with the structure of the mouth, being the charac- teristics belonging to it. Fabricius followed Degeer in introducing the manducatory system derived prin- cipally from the organization of the mouth; and had internal anatomy as well as general external form been attended to, it would most likely at the present day have remained unquestioned.
Latreille, whose system has in a great measure
65
superseded that of Fabricius, next claims a remark. Its chief merit is derived from taking into its con- sideration the general external structure of insects, regarding every structure of form which appeared prominent, it has received the name of the Eclective System. Clairville, Dr. Leach, Mr. William Sharpe MacLeay, successively gave to the world the re- sult of their researches, containing much invaluable matter. The last author relied greatly on the meta- morphosal character of insects, and formed his im- portant groups from the larval state of insects. In the Hore Entomologice will be found embodied {his Opinions, a truly philosophical work—one evincing a great acquaintance, not with Entomology only, but with the classes and orders of the Vertebrata as well as the Invertebrata. The Kclective System, united with the Metamorphosal characters proposed by Mr. MacLeay, required only another addition to perfect it; that has happily been suggested by Mr. Newport in the proposed adoption of the in- ternal anatomy, comprehended under the nervous system. As far as I am capable of judging, the proposed system if rightly followed out, is likely to prove the best of clues to thread the intricate mazes of natural arrangement.
We see then, from the foregoing observations, that Entomological Systems, like specious theories, have been adopted and abandoned ; others doubtless will arise, enjoy an ephemeral reputation, and then fade and be forgotten. The system of Linneus
K
66
on the contrary, can never entirely be obliterated. His was nearly the only beacon which shed abroad its useful light when all around was enveloped in mist and ignorance; others of greater magnitude may arise on the horizon, and partially obscure the splendour of his radiation. His, will however, still continue to shine in the splendid galaxy of science, contributing much individually to the general dif- fusion of light, and owing little to other emanations.
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67
CONTINUATION
OF
FABRICIAN COLEOPTERA.
Vid. Vou. I. p. 83.
Fabrician Species.
. Major
. Inequalis
. Unicolor
. Bissexstriatus . 12-striatus
. Impressus
Nitidulus
. Angulatus
. Glabratus
. Semipunctatus . Acuminatus . Scaber
. Cyaneus
. Bicolor
. Brunneus
. Lunatus
. Sinuatus
. Purpurascens . Cruciatus
. 2-pustulatus . Pulchellus
. Erythropterus . Bimaculatus . 4-maculatus . ASneus
. Metallicus
. 4-guttatus
. Detritus
HISTER, Fasricivs.
Country.
Africa Germany England Austria Germany Denmark Germany
S. America Germany Barbary
S. France Spain
New Holland P. B.S.
S. Europe Germany Germany England Barbary East Indies Tranquebar Tranquebar England England France Germany East Indies ? New Holland
Genera of Authors.
Hister, Linneus.
Saprinus, Klug. Omalodes, De Jean. Spherites, Duftschmidt. Saprinus, Klug. Scaphisoma ?
Hister, Linneus. Saprinus, Klug.
Hister, Linneus.
Saprinus, Klug. Hister, Linneus. Saprinus, Klug. Hister, Linneus ?
Se
Saprinus, Klug.
68
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 29. Abbreviatus N. America Hister, Linneus. 30. Pygmzus England Dendrophilus, Leach. 31. Sulcatus England Onthophilus, Leach. 32. Striatus S. France —_—
9. GENUS HISTER, Linnevs.
33. Rotundatus Germany Saprinus, Evrichson. 34. Minutus Germany Abreus Leach. 35. Fulvicornis S. America Epierus, Erichson. 36, Planus S. Europe Hololepta, Paykuil. 37. Depressus England Platysoma, Leach. 38, Corticalis S. America Phylloma, Klug. 39. 4-dentatus S. America Hololepta, Paykull. 40. Maxillosus N. America Oxysternus, Godet. 41. Oblongus Sweden Platysoma, Leach. 42. Picipes Germany Teretrius, Erichson. 43. Cesus Germany Plegaderus, Klug.
12. GENUS CHELONARIUM, Fasznicius.
1. Atrum S. America Chelonarium, Fabricius.
2. Punctatum S. America —=
13. GENUS BYRRHUS, Linnevs.
]. Gigas Austria Byrrhus of Authors.
3. Elongatulus Austria Trogoderma, Latreille. 9. Semistriatus England Simplocaria, Marsham. 13. Minutus Germany Abreus, Leach.
14. ANTHRENUS, Fasricius.
1. Pimpinelle England Anthrenus of Authors. 2. Gloriose East Indies 10. Pubescens Germany Trinodes, Latreille. 11. Hirtus England — 12. Serraticornis Santa Cruz Macroprion, Hope. 13. Denticornis Santa Cruz
14. Glabratus Austria Anthrenus, Fabricius.
69
16. BOLITOPHAGUS, Fasricivs.
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 1. Cornutus Carolina Bolitophagus, Fabricius. 2. Crenatus Germany —— 3. Agricola England 4. Armatus Austria Bolitophagus. 17. GENUS OPATRUM, Fasnrictivs. 1. Griseum Italy Asida, Latreille. 2. Fuscum Spain 3. Obscurum Po Ba Opatrum, Fabricius ? 4. Porcatum Barbary Asida, Latreiile. 5. Sabulosum England Opatrum, Fabricius. 6. Gibbum England Heliophilus, De Jean. 7. Depressum East Indies Opatrum, Fabricius. 8. Levigatum New Zealand 9. Crenatum East Indies 1]. Arenarium PS B.S; 12. Pictum Austria Leichenum, De Jean. 13. Oblongum Tranquebar Opatrum ? Fabricius. 14. Clathratum Cayenne Opatrinus, De Jean. 15. Planum Siberia Pedinus ? Latreille. 16. Simplex P.B.S. Opatrum, Fabricius. 17. Granulatum Barbary Asida, Latreille. 18. Subterraneum East Indies Scleron, Hope. 19, Ferrugineum Java ; 20. Orientale East Indies 21. Tibiale England Microzoum, De Jean. 22. Strigatum Tranquebar Opatrum, Fabricius. 23. Hispidum Sumatra 24, Sericeum Sumatra Scleron, Hope. 25. Ovatum S. America Trichoton, Hope. 26, Canaliculatum Tranquebar Scleron, Hope. 27. Minutum Sweden Helophorus, Leach. 28. Pusillum Hungary Opatrum, Fabricius.
18. GENUS ERODIUS, Fasricivs.
OT wm © WO =
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fete itp Op WY eS
Fabrician Species.
. Testudinarius . Gibbus
. Planus
- Muricatus
. Minutus
. Atratus
. Striatus
. Sulcatus . Punctatus
. 3-cuspidatum . Variegatum . Cristatum
Reticulatum
. Rugosum . Vittatum
22
. Striata
- Unicolor . Flavicollis . Gibba
. Levigata . Globosa
. Glabrata
. Hispida
. Longipes . Rustica
. Muricata . Tuberculata
Morbillosa
. 2-punctata . Scabra
19,
21.
Country.
P. B.S. Arabia P.B.S. PBS; Tanger
Genera of Authors.
Zophosis, Latreille.
. Erodius, Fabricius. - Zophosis, Latreille.
GENUS SCAURUS.
Egypt S. France S. France Spain
Scaurus, Fabricius.
Ditomus, Bonelli. Scaurus, Fabricius.
GENUS SEPIDIUM.
Arabia Barbary Arabia PBs! PBs. P. B.S.
e415}, (Sk P.B.S. P. B.S. Africa Hungary P. B.S. Germany Alexandria Egy pt
P. B.S. S. France P. B.S. P. B.S. Italy
Pa Bos.
Sepidium, Fabricius.
Trachynotus, Latreille. Somaticum, Hope. Hipomelus, De Jean.
. GENUS PIMELIA, Fasricrvs.
Moluris, Latreiile.
Epiphysa, De Jean. Moluris, Latreiille. Gnaptor, Megerle. Pimelia, Fabricius. Gnaptor, Megerle. Trachyderma, Latreille. Stenochara, Solier. Pimelia, Fabricius ?
Acanthomera, Latreiile. Stenochara, Solier. Pimelia, Fabricius. Moluris, Latreitle.
Fabrician Species.
71
16, 17. 18. 19, 20. 21. 22. 23. 24, 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31.
PwnNT
Oo co FI Dr
Grossa Angulata Echinata Dentipes Dentata Orenata Porcata Maculata Serrata Minuta Gemmata Canaliculata Costata Rugosa Variolaris Pygmea
23
. Ciliata
. Planata . Spinosa . Acuminata
Reflexa
. Collaris
. Lineata
. Leucographa . Glabra
. Punctata
. Abbreviata . Angustata
Orbiculata
. Levigata . Filiformis
Barbary Alexandria P. B.S. r. B.S. P. B.S. Sapphi P. B.S. P. B.S. P. B.S. P. B.S. Guinea Guinea P. B.S. Egypt Senegal Sweden
Species.
Genera of Authors.
Morica, De Jean. Pimelia, Fabricius. Cryptochyle, Latreille ? Acanthomera, Latreille. Stenochara, Solier.
2
“Cryptochile, Latrezile. Stenochara, Solier ? Cryptochile, Latreille. Amatodes, De Jean.
Cryptochile, Latreiile. Stenochara, Solier. Macropoda, Soler. Georyssus, Latreille.
. GENUS EURYCHORA, Faszrictvus.
1P. Bes.
| Eurychora, Fabricius.
24. GENUS AKIS, Fasricivs.
Tanger ‘Spain Spain Egypt
S. France Siberia Saxony Egypt Tangier Senegal S. France S. France East Indies Barbary
Morica; De Jean. Akis, Fabricius.
Elenophorus, Megerle. Platyope, Fischer.
Heliodromus, Brule. Lophoma, Solier. Thalpophila, Soler. Tagenia, Latreille. Tentyria, Latreille. Hyperops, Soler. Tagenia, Latreille.
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72
25. GENUS PLATYNOTUS, Fasricivs.
Fabrician Species.
. Reticulatus
°
Excavatus
. Crenatus
. Dilatatus
. Variolosus . Levigatus . Undatus
. Serratus
. Rugosus
. Dentipes
. Morbillosus . Granulatus
. Gages
. Sulcata
. Mortisaga . Obtusa
. Spinipes
. Calcarata
. Tenebrosa
. Buprestoides . Dermestoides
. Emarginata
. Tristis . Femoralis
. Tibialis . Crenata . Glabra
. Punctata . Clathrata - Metallica
Country.
Bombay Madras Bombay
Isle St. Thomas
Africa Morocco Cayenne P. B.S. Mauritania P.B.S. Austria
P. B.S.
Portugal Egypt England England Hungary PAB ase Germany PD as. Saxony Morocco Barbary Germany P. B.S. Coromandel England
S. American Isles
Cayenne Carolina
Genera of Authors.
Platynotus, Fabricius.
Selenepistoma, Solier. Heteroscelis, Latreille. Gnaptor, Megerle. Eleodes, Eschcholtz ? Machla, Herbst. Heteroscelis ? Heteroscelis, Latreille ? Asida, Latreille. Platynotus, Fabricius ?
26. GENUS BLAPS, Fasricivus.
Blaps. Fabricius.
Pelorus, Bonelli. Acanthomera, Latreii/e. Zabrus, Clairville. Tentyria, Latreiile. Pedinus, Latreille. Pandarus, Megerle.
Pedinus, Latreiile. Gonopus, Fischer. Platynotus, Fabricius. Crypticus, Latreille. Blapstinus, De Jean. Opatrinus, De Jean.
ae
27. GENUS TENEBRIO, Fasrictrvs.
. Gigas . Punctulatus . Cupreus
Cayenne East Indies Guinea
Nyctobates, Guerin. Tenebrio, Linneus ? Odontoyus, Silbermann.
73
ee ——— ESSeSESeSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSsFehFeFeSeSSSS
) Ne
— = ©
Fabrician Species.
. Sulcatus
. Curvipes
. Serratus
. Digitatus . Molitor
. Obscurus . Impressus . Nitidulus . Levigatus
Variolosns
. Abbreviatus . Depressus
. Cornutus
. Variabilis
Airuginosus
. Scaber
Sanguinipes
. Culinaris
. Brunneus
. Ferrugineus
. Pallens
. Cadaverinus
. Retusus
. Mauritanicus
. Chrysomelinus . Villosus
28. GENUS TROGOSITA,
. Retusa
Varia
. Cerulea . Gigas
Picipes
. Caraboides . Thoracica . 2-pustulata . Virescens . Elongata
» Bicolor
Country.
Guinea Germany Guinea Sierra Leone England Germany Java
East Indies Equin. Africa Cayenne Indies Carolina Smyrna Tanger Sumatra Sumatra New Holland Germany America Tanger England England
S. America England
S. Europe Europe
Sumatra Guinea
S. France Guinea Guinea England Lapponia Cayenne N. America Sumatra
N,. America
L
Genera of Authors.
Nyctobates, Guerin. Tenebrio, Fabricius. Priopus, Hope. Chiroscelis, Lamarck. Tenebrio, Fabricius.
Nyctobates, Guerin.
Upis, Fabricius. Nyctobates, Guerin. Toxicum, Latreiille ? Tenebrio, Fabricius. Tauroceras, Hope. Calcar, De Jean. Tenebrio; Fabricius ?
Stene, Kirby.
Uloma, Megerie ? Isocerus, Megerle. Antherophagus, Anoch. Phaleria, Latrezlle. Uloma, Megerle. Alphitobius, Stephens.
Genus unknown
FABRICIUS.
Uloma, Megerie. Temnoscheila, Gray. Temnoscheila, Westwood. Trogosita, Fabricius. Boros, Herbst. ? Trogosita, Fabricius. Bius, De Jean.
Trogosita, Fabricius. Temnoscheila, Westwood. Colydium, Fabricius. Languiria, Latreile.
74
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 12. Filiformis Sweden ? Colydium, Fabricius. 13, Calcear Madeira Calcar, De Jean. 14. Taurus Guinea Toxicum, Latreille. 15. Quadricornis Sumatra 16. Vacca S. America Uloma? Fabricius. 17, Metallica S. America Temnoscheila, Westwood. 18. Ainea Brazils 19. 4-guttata S. America Trogosita, Fabricius. 20. Bidens France 2 21. Femorata N. America Helops? Fabricius. 22. Sulcata France Colydium, Fabricius. 23. Ferruginea England Stene, Kirby. 24. Cornuta Spain Novum Genus. 25. Maxillosa S. America — 26. Mandibularis Pomerania Prostomis, Latreidle.
22.
23.
29
. Ceruleus
. Erythrocephalus . Metallicus
. AXneus
. Violaceus
. Lanipes
. Micans
. Marginatus . 4-pustulatus . Excavatus
. Variegatus
. Morbillosus . Cyanipes
. Aruginosus . Cyanicollis . Abdominalis
Bicolor
. Hemorrhoidalis . Calcaratus
. Viridis
. Dama
Luridus Fasciculatus
S. Europe Sumatra Senegal
S. America Brazils England
N. America Guinea Guinea
S. America Equin. Africa S. America Guinea
PabeiBerss.
Sumatra Tanger American Isles West Indies
126 18}, Shh es
S. America
S. America Brazils
East Indies
. GENUS HELOPS, Fasriciuvs.
Helops, Fabricius.
Stenochia, Kirby.
Preugena, Castelneau.
Camaria, Serville. Stenochia, Kirby. Helops, Fabricius.
Preugena, Castelneau.
Helops, Fabricius.
Cnodalon, Latreille.
Amarygmus, Dalman.
*
Mycetocharis ? Latreidle ?
Helops, Fabricius, Stenochia, Kirby.
Novum Genus.
Imatismus, De Jean.
2
| Acanthomera, Latreiéle. Strongylium, Kirby.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28. 29. 30. 31, 32. 33. 34, 35.
36. 37. 38.
39. 40. 41 42.
43.
44, 45. 46. 47.
48,
Fabrician Species.
Laevis Equestris Morio Nigrita Dentatus Sinuatus Punctatus Cuprarius Picicornis Rufipes Longipes Capensis Striatus Ater Planus Pimelia Obliquatus Hottentotta Dentipes Spinipes Undatus AKthiops Quisquilius Ruficollis Cyaneus
30. GENUS MELANDRYA,
. Serrata
Canaliculata
. Barbata . Repanda
. Mutillarius . Dubius Ichneumoneus . Sphegeus
. Formicarius . 6-guttatus
15
Country,
Saxony Brazils Amer. Isles Tranquebar Guinea Guinea Guinea Java Madeira New Holland Equin. Africa PBS. Guinea Leipsic
N. America Austria Carolina France Coromandel America Cayenne
S. America England Saxony Hafnie
Germany Saxony Saxony Brazils
France
N. America N. America N. America? England America
Genera of Authors.
Ditylus, Fischer Prostenus, Latreille Tenebrio, Fabricius Opatrinus, De Jean. Opartrinus ? Nyctobates, Guerin.
Amarigmus, Dalmann. Hegeter, Latreiile. Helops? Fabricius. Eupezus, De Jean. Eurynotus, Kirby.
Prionychus, Solier. Opatrum? Fabricius. Lena, Megerle Penthe, Newman. Helops? Fabricius.
Acanthopus, Latreille. ?
Pyganisia, Castelneau, Helops, Fabricius.
——
Helodes, Paykull.
FABRICIUS.
Melandrya, Fabricius.
Serropalpus, Paykull. Goniadera, Perty.
51. GENUS CLERUS, Fasrictus.
Clerus, Fabricius.
Fabrician Species.
76
Country.
Genera of Authors.
Priocera, Latreille ? Clerus, Fabricius. Tilloides, Castelneau.
Enoplium, Latreille.
Tillus, Fabricius. Enoplium, Latreille.
Trichodes, Fabricius.
Trichodes, Fabricius.
Pachyscelis, Hope. Trichodes, Fabricius.
Cylidrus, Latreille.
7. Spinosus S. America 8. 4-maculatus Germany 9. Unifasciatus England
52. GENUS TILLUS, Fasrictus. 1. Elongatus England Tillus, Fabricius. 2. Damicornis N. America 3. Weberi N. America 4. Ambulans England 5. Serraticornis S.France
53. GENUS TRICHODES, Fasrictuvs.
1. 8-punctatus France 2. Tricolor Equin. Africa Trichodes ? 3. 2-fasciatus Siberia 4. Sipylus Greece 5. Ammios Spain 6. Apiarius England 7. Alvearius England 8. Cyaneus East Indies 9. Crabroniformis Asia Minor
54. GENUS CORYNETES,
Trichodes, Fabricius.
FABRICIUS.
Corynetes, Fabricius.
—
a ee
Enoplium, Latreidle.
Notoxus, Fabricius ?
1. Violaceus England 2. Rufipes England 3. Ruficollis England 4, Abdominalis Sierra Leone 5. Sanguinicollis Saxony 90. GENUS NOTOXUS, Fasricius. 1. Porcatus New Holland Notoxus, Fabricius. 2. Violaceus Van Dieman’s Land 3. Mollis England Opilus, Zatreidle. 4. Indicus East Indies 5. Chinensis China
et" me po
i. 2. 9. 4. 3. 6. 7. 8. 9.
10. 11. 12. 13. 14, 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. ai. 22. 23.
NOOO FWY &
17
06, GENUS ANTHICUS, Fasricivs.
Fabrician Species.
Monoceros Cornutus Rhinoceros Monodon Ruficollis Fulvicollis Abdominalis Fuscipennis Fasciatus Thoracicus 2-punctatus Pedestris Antherinus 3-fasciatus Floralis Bicolor Limbatus Hirtellus Populneus Minutus Helwigii Sanguineus Dresdensis
. Viennensis . Americana
Country.
England S. France Germany Carolina S. America East Indies S. America S. America S. America Carolina Germany Italy England
S. America England S. America Denmark Germany Germany Europe Germany England Saxony
Germany S. America
Genera of Authors.
Monocerus, Megerie.
Anthicus, Fabricius. Anthelephila, Hope. Anthicus, Fabricius 2 Novum Genus. Clerus, Fabricius. Anthicus ? Fabricius. Crypta, Kirby. Anthicus, Fabricius.
Aderus, Westwood. Scydmenus, Fabricius.
Anthicus, Fabricius.
Xylophilus, Latrezle. Bryaxis, Anoch. Scydmenus, Latreille. Bryaxis, Knoch. Pselaphus, Herbst.
57. GENUS PSOA, Fasricivs.
Psoa, Fabricius. Languiria, Latreille.
58. GENUS CANTHARIS, Fasrtcius.
. Fusca
. Livida
. Dispar
. Abdominalis . Analis
. Viridescens . Obscura
England England Germany S. France Hungary P. B.S. England
-Telephorus, De Geer.
78
a
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 8. Carolina N. America Telephorus, Degeer. 9. Nigricans Germany Re 10. Pellucida Germany 11. Ruficornis Sumatra ee 12. Limbata Jamaica pee 13. Rubens Germany 14, Lateralis England 15. Smaragdula Pe Bese 16. Tristis France Coes ae 17. Lugubris Amboina a 18. Atra Sweden Se A 19. Marginata N. America Callianthia, De Jean. 20. Brunnicollis Carolina Telephorus, Degeer. 21. Flavicollis Sumatra 22. Diadema M. America Podabrus, Fischer. 93. 2-maculata Pensylvania Callianthia, De Jean. 24. Pallipes Germany Telephorus, Degeer. 25. Barbara Barbary pa: 26. Haemorrhoidalis Prussia pe ee 27. Pallida Denmark oe 28. Ruficollis England 29. Nigripennis S. America ee 30. Flavipes China 2s 31. Melanocephala Coromandel 32. Dimidiata Po Bas. eee 33. 2-punctata Leipsic = 34. Laeta Italy ee 35. Fulvicollis Sweden a 36. Lincola East Indies ? ee 37. Abbreviata S. America Malthinus, Latreidle. 38. Brevipennis S. America | 39. Manca S. America 40. 2-vittata iP. Bae Telephorus, Degeer. 41. Longicornis S. America Ischnomera, Stephens? 42. Nigripes England 43. Melanura England —- 44. Pectoralis Sumatra Ischnomera ? 45. Vittata Carolina Neydalis ? 46. Nitidula Germany Telephorus, Degeev. 47. Lineata Amer. Isles Ischnomera, Stephens ? 48, Bicolor England Telephorus, Degeer.
79
SL
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 49. Nigra Germany Dasytes, Fabricius. 50. Pulicaria Germany Malachius, Fabricius. 51. Minima Europe Malthinus, Latreille. 52. Testacea England Telephorus, Degeer, 53. Biguttata England Malthinus, Latreiile. 54. Cardiacea England Malachius, Fabricius.
59. GENUS MALACHIUS, Fasrictus.
1. Pulcher | Guinea Malachius, Fabricius. 2. Laetus Sumatra
3. Aeneus England a 4, 2-pustulatus England a 5. Rufus Paris en 6. Marginellus England csp 7. Elegans England a 8. Viridis England es 9. Sanguinolentus England et 10. Ruficollis England —_ 11. 4-maculatus N. America ees 12. Viridipennis PL B.S. SS 15. Cyaneus Spain ea ee 14, Thoracicus England a 15. Angulatus Austria ae 16. Abdominalis Mogador Malachius ?
17. Praeustus England Malachius, Fabricius. 18. Pedicularius England
19. Pulicarius Denmark ——— 20. Fasciatus England ee 21. Limbatus Tanger 22. Equestris England at 23. Flavipes Saxony —_—— 24, Albifrons Paris —_— 25. Rufipes S. America —_—_— 26. Labiatus Carolina LTR eee 27. Concolor Austria hee 28. Nitidulus Barbary oe
SU
60. GENUS MELYRIS, Fasricivs.
oP WO WO =
OMANI ADO FWD =
— po Lb Ss)
Fabrician Species.
. Abdominalis . Viridis
. Bicolor
. Nigra
. Lineata
Country.
East Indies / PBs; Cario Tanger PBS:
Genera of Authors,
Melyris, Fabricius.
Melyris? Zygia, Fabricius. Melyris, Fabricius.
61. GENUS DERMESTES, Fasricius.
. Lardarius
. Carnivorus . Cadaverinus . Macellarius . Megatoma . Pellio
. Undatus
. Trifasciatus . 20-guttatus . Tigrinus
. Bicolor
. Vulpinus
. Felinus
. Hirticollis . Murinus
. Tessellatus . Lycoperdi . Frontalis
2-punctatus
. Fimertarius . Fumatus
. Tomentosus . Fuscus
. Adstrictor . Suturalis
. 6-dentatus . Lunatus
. Unidentatus . 2-dentatus . Nigripes
England New Holland St. Helena Germany Germany England Paris England Saxony Italy Austria England
Van Deimen’s Land
Barbary England England Germany Germany Germany Sweden England England Denmark England Austria Germany England England Germany Saxony
Dermestes, Linneus.
Attagenus, Latreille.
Megatoma, Herbst. Attagenus, Latreiile. Dermestes ? Dermestes, Linneus.
Dermestes ? Dermestes, Linneus.
Cryptophagus, Herbst.
Crypta, Kirby Cryptophagus, Herbst. Mycetza, Kirby. Byturus, Latreiile. Throscus, Latreidle.
Sylvanus, Latreille.
Biphyllus, De Jean. Sylvanus, Latreid/e.
Attagenus, Latreidle.
30. Obscurus 31. Testaceus 32. Scaber
83. Chinensis 34, Subterraneus 35. Scanicus 36. Limbatus 37. Fenestratus 38. Variabilis 39. Serra
40. Cellaris
41. Crenatus 42. Minutus
43. Pedicularius 44. Urticae
45. Brachypterus 46. 2-pustulatus
Si
Germany Belgium New Holland China
China Sweden
New Zealand England Sweden England England Denmark Denmark England England Germany Sweden
Country.
‘Genera of Authors.
Cryptophagus, Herbst. Cryptophagus ? Pristoderus, Hope. Coxelus ? Cryptophagus, Fabricius, Engis, Latreiile. Novum Genus, Corticaria, Marsham. Cis, Latreille.
Tiresias, Stephens. Crytptophagus, Herbst.
Cateretes, Herbst.
62, GENUS ANOBIUM, Fasricuvs.
1. Tesselatum 2. Striatum 3. Reticulatum 4. Rufipes $5. Castaneum 6. Pertinax 7. Boleti. 8. Molle 9, Paniceum 10. Abietis 11. Planum 12. Capense 13, Minutum 14. Micans 15. Nitidum
]. Pubescens 2. Germanus _ 3. Rufipes
England England Austria England Paris England Germany England England England Denmark P. B.S. Italy England England
Anobium, Fabricius.
POU ME IRS 20
Cis, Latreille. Anobium, Fabricius.
Anobium ? Fabricius. —————. ?
Cis, Latreiile.
63. GENUS PTINUS, Fasrictus.
Paris England England
M
Hedobia, Ziegler. Ptinus, Linneus
, Fabrician Species.
Oo PP > Ww =
Oo DN DO PS
. Longicornis . Elegans
Fur
. Imperialis . Crenatus
. Latro
10. 11. 12. 13. 14,
Denticornis Serricornis Spinicornis Sulcatus Scotias
82
“Country.
France England England England England England England
N. America ? Sandwich Isles Canary Isles England
Genera of Authors.
Luperus, Geoffroy. Ptinus, Linneus.
Xyletinus, Latreiile. Xyletinus ? Latreille. Mastigus, Jiliger. Mezium, Leach. Gibbium, Kugellan. |
64. GENUS SARROTRIUM, Fasricius.
. Muticum
| England
} Sarrotrium, Fabricius.
65. GENUS PTILINUS, Faszrictus.
. Mystacinus . Pectinicornis . Flavescens
. Pectinatus
. Serratus
New Holland England England England Germany
Rhipicera, Latreille. Ptilinus, Fabricius. Drilus, Olivier. Xyletinus, Latreille.
66. GENUS DORCATOMA, Faprictivs.
. Dresdense
67. GENUS MELASIS, Fasricivs.
. Flabellicornis . Mystacina
| England
| England Pee. S.
| Doreatoma, Fabricius.
»
Melasis, Fabricius. Rhipicera, Latreille.
69. GENUS NECROPHORUS, Fasricivs.
1. Germanicus 2. Humator
. Grandis
England England N. America
Necrophorus, Fabricius.
ant aa *»
Or WONOKH OO OND Lk W WD
— i m=O OD DMDNAAP WY
Fabrician Species.
. Mediatus
. Velutinus . Marginatus . Vespillo
. Mortuorum
83
Country.
Carolina Carolina N. America England England
Genera of Authors.
Necrophorus, Fabricius.
Curtoscelis, Hope.
Necrophorus, Fabricius.
70. GENUS SILPHA, Fasricivs.
. Surinamensis . Littoralis . Livida
. Micans
Indica
. Americana . Thoracica . Laevicollis . Marginalis . Rugosa
. Lapponica . Atrata
. Pedemontana . Inequalis . Lunata
. Laevigata . Obscura
. Reticulata . Opaca
. Sinuata
. 4-punctata - Dentata
. Limbata
. Undata
. Minuta
Surinam England Germany PBs S- India Pensylvania England New Holland N. America England Lapponia England Piedmont N. America Austria England England England England England England Sweden England Saxony Germany
Necrodes, Witkin.
Silpha, Fabricius,
Ips, Schonherr. Necrobora, Hope. Oiceoptoma, Leach. Genus Novum. Thanatophilus, Leach.
es eee
Phosphuga, Leach.
’Thanatophilus, Leach.
Silpha, Fabricius.
Thanatophilus, Leach. Silpha, Fabricius. Peltis, Fabricius. Nitidula, Fabricius.
Anthobium, Leach.
71. GENUS PELTIS, Fasrictus.
- Grossa
. Ferruginea . Oblonga
. Limbata
Sweden England Germany England
Peltis, Fabricius.
Thymalus, Latreille.
ao PP WO WO =
w wo w wo OD DO WDD & §& B&B KS — SH S| SS SODNRSRRBNHNKESOHRZATROANHESOHONANAwWNY
84
72. GENUS IMATIDIUM, Fasricius.
Fabrician Species.
. 3-maculatum . Fasciatum
. Thoracicum . Lineola
Sanguineum
Country.
S. America Cayenne Brazils Cayenne
S. America
Genera of Authors.
Imatidium, Fabricius.
Imatidium ?
GENUS 73. NITIDULA, Fasricius.
. Grossa
. 2-pustulata . 4-pustulata - Obscura
. Abbreviata . Marginata . Aestiva
Pallida
. Obsoleta
. Ferruginea . Cornuta
. Strigata
. Imperialis . 10-guttata . Varia
. Sordida
. Punctata
. Flexuosa
. Bicolor
. Colon
. Limbata
. Haemorrhoidalis
Discoides
. Pediculiaria . 6-pustulata . Fasciata
. Litura
. AXnea
. Viridescens . Hemiptera
Carolina England England England
New Zealand
England England East Indies Europe England S. America England England England England England Sumatra S. France Denmark England Saxony England England England Germany Holsatia Saxony England England
Sierra Leone
Nitidula, Fabricius.
Nitidula ? Fabricius. Cerophora, Laporte. Nitidula of Anthors. Nitidula ?
Nitidula, Fabricius. Strongylus, Herbst.
Psilotus, Fischer. Cryptarcha, Shuckhard.
Nitidula, Fabricius.
2 Carpophilus, Leach. Nitidula ? Nitidula, Fabricius.
Meligethes, Kirby. Ips, Fabricius ? Rhyzobius, Stephens. Meligethes, Kirby.
Ips, Fabricius.
—— =
1
OmnN Dao fF WBWd =
. Rupta
. Quadrata
. Cadaverina 35. Macroptera 36. Dimidiata 37. Truncata 38. Rufipes
Country.
P: B.S.
~§. America
Cayenne
N. America S. America Brazils Germany England
Genera of Authors.
Nitidula, Fabricius ? Ips, Fabricius ? Carpophilus, Leach? Nitidula, Fabricius 2 Ips, Fabricius ?
Ips, Fabricius. Cateretes, Herbst. Meligethes, Kirby.
75. GENUS COCCINELLA, Fasrictus.
. Marginata . Limbata
. Marginella . Diaphana . Pubescens . Abietis
. Immaculata . Unicolor
. Coccinea 10. M-nigrum Es Discolor
42. Cincta
13. Sanguinea
14, Impunctata
15. Dimidiata
16. Margine punctata 17, Lineola
18. Dorsimacula
19. Unifasciata
20. Annulata.
21. Trilineata
22. Vittata 23. Suturalis .
24. Limbata -
Striata
Oblongo punctata Abbreviata
28. 6-lineata
| 9. 2-punctata
if : ry . oan
ae
Brazil Hamburgh America
| Denmark 2
East Indies N. Europe American Isles East Indies S. America Denmark East Indies East Indies Cayenne Sweden Coromandel Europe New Holland East Indies Hamburgh Europe America Guinea East Indies PsB:.S: Guinea
England
N. America Siberia England Germany
Coccinella, Fabricius.
Coccinella ? Novum Genus ?
Heterocerus, Fabricius?
Scymnus, Herbst. Coccinella, Fabricius.
Novum Genus ? Coccinella, Fabricius.
Coccinella, ZLinneus. Chilochorus, Leach. Coccinella, Linneus.
Coccinella ? Coccinella, Lznneus.
Micraspis, Chevrolat. Coccinella, Linneus.
86
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 31. Hieroglyphica England Coccinella, Linneus. 32. Rivularis Sweden ? —-—. 33. Tricincta China Ss 34. Arcuata China a 35. Catenata Amboina 36. Reticulata Pacific Isles em rT 37, Undata P.B.S. Coccinella ? 38. Flexuosa Hamburgh =>Senr, 39. Cingulata Tranquebar 40. Inequalis New Holland 41. Varians India 42. Trifasciata Lapponia ra 43. Interrupta East Indies Selenitis, Hope. 44, 2-fasciata P. B.S. Epilachna, Chevraiot. 45. 4-notata Denmark Lasia, Hope. 46. 4-maculata Saxony Coccinella, Linneus. 47. 5-punctata England —— 48. 5-maculata Paris 49. 6-punctata England "Sa 50. Glacialis N. America SSS 51. 6-maculata East Indies Selenitis, Hope. 52. 7-punctata England Coccinella, Linneus. 53. 7-maculata Madeira — 54. 7-notata Saxony 55. 8-punctata England oS 56. Transversalis Coromandel 57. 8-maculata East Indies ? 58. 8-notata Pacific Isles 4 59. 9-maculata New Holland ee 60. 9-notata N. America ? 2 61. 9-punctata England ee 62. 10-punctata England _—_—— 63. 10-maculata N. America ——_ 64. Innuba East Indies? —<—$—$<$<— 65- Dilatata China SSS ss 66. 11-punctata Europe pomeer ee eT 67. 11-maculata Spain Epilachna, Chevrolat. 68. 12-punctata France Micraspis, Chevrolat. 69. Variegata P. BS. Coccinella, Linneus. 70. Chrysomelina France Epilachna, Chevrolat. 71. Borealis N. America —
’ a
72. 12-notata 73. Cassidea 74, 13-maculata 75. Dispar
76. 13-punctata 717. Laeta
78. Versicolor 79. 14-maculata 80. Ocellata * 81. 16-punctata §2. 16-maculata 83. 16-notata 84. 18-punctata 85. 19-punctata 86. 20-punctata 87. 22-punctata 88. 22-maculata 89. 23-punctata 90. 24-punctata 91. 34-maculata
92, 28-punctata
93. Conglomerata 94. Conglobata
- 95. Confluens
96. Lineola
97. Tricolor
98, Detrita
99. Strigata 100. 2-guttata 101, 8-guttata 102. 10-guttata 103. Bis 6-guttata 104. 12-guttata 105. 14-guttata 106. Bis 7-guttata 107. 15-guttata 108. 16-guttata 109, 18-guttata 110. 20-guttata 111. Oblongo-guttata Impustulata
87
Country.
Australia N. America Sweden _ Senegal France Mogador China Saxony Austria Paris Germany Amboina N. Europe Paris England England Guinea England England Tranquebar Java Tyrol England
S. America American Isles American Isles New Holland Tanger England Kamschatka England Sweden Cayenne England Germany Germany England Paris England England Germany
Genera of Authors.
Coccinella, Linneus. Novum Genus. Coccinella, Linneus. Epilachna, Chevrolat. Coccinella, Linneus.
Novum Genus. Coccinella, Linnens.
Lasia, Hope. Coccinella, Linneus.
Lasia, Hope, Coccinella, Linneus. Epilachna, Chevrolat. Coccinella, Linneus.
Paropsis, Olivier. Chilochorus, Leach ?
| Coccinella, Linneus.
Chilochorus, Leach ?
~%
35
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors, 113. Ainea S. America Novum Genus. 114. Nitidula American Isles Chilocorus, Leach ? 115. Flavipes England Scymnus, Herbst. 116. Nigrita Tranquebar Coccinella Linneus ? 117. Parvula England Seymnus, Herbst. 118. Discoidea Germany 119. Floralis American Isles ————— 120. Biverrucata England = 121. Villosa Cayenne Nilio, Latreiile. 122. Analis England Scymnus, Herbst. 123. Thoracica American Isles 124. Marginella Tanger Coccinella, Linneus ? 125. Hemorrhoidalis Hamburgh Lasia, Hope. 126. Oculata N. America Coccinella, Linneus. 127. Cacti Brazil Chilocorus, Leach. 128. 2-pustulata England —- 129, Lateralis England Coccinella, Linneus: 130. Variabilis England — 131. Rufipes England Scymnus, Herbst. 132. Morio England —_—_— 133. Frontalis England = 134. Dentipes Carolina Coccinella, Linneus. 135. 4-pustulata England Chilocorus, Leach. 136. 4-verrucata Paris 137. Fasciata S. America Coccinella, Fabricius. 138. Divisa S. America 139. Bis-pustulata Europe Scymnus, Herbst. 140. Arctica Lapponia Coccinella, Fabricius. 141, Erythrocephala Denmark 142, 6-pustulata England Coccinella, Linneus. 143. Bis 3-pustulata S. America 144, 6-verrucata S. America Chilocorus, Leach ? 145. 8-pustulata S. America Coccinella, Linneus. 146. Lunata St. Helena Selenitis, Hope. 147. 10-pustulata England Coccinella, Linneus. 148, Bis 5-pustulata S. America 149. Bis 6-pustulata Hamburgh 150. 12-pustulata Europe —__— 151. 12-verrucata P. B.S. Epilachna, Chevrolat. 152. 14-pustulata _ England Coccinella. Linneus.
153. Gut-pustulata
New Holland
Fabrician Species.
—————
154. Felina 155. Pantherina 156. Pardalina 157. Ursina 158. Argulata 159. Vulpina 160. Leonina 161. Tigrina 162. Canina
39
Country.
N. America England PE. oe
N. America Africa
P. B. S.? New Holland Austria P.B.S.
Genera of Authors.
Coccinella, Linneus. Chrysomela ?
Epilachna, Olivier. Selenitis, Hope.
Coccinella, Linneus.
Epilachna, Chevrolat.
76. GENUS CASSIDA, Fasrictvs.
1. Viridis 2. Thoracica 3. Equestris 4, Prasina 5. Affinis
6. Vibex
7. Azurea
8. Sanguinolenta 9. Cruenta
10. Austriaca 11. Nebulosa
12. Echinata
13. Atrata
14, Murrea
15. Vittata
16. Ferruginea 17, Brunnea
18, Unicolor
19. Scalaris
20. Marginella 21. Punctaria 22. Cincta
23. Ornata
24. Hebraea
25. Indaica
26. Obscura
27. Tristriata 28. Zona
29. Morio
England Germany England England England England France England East Indies Austria England New Holland Austria England Hungary Germany Cayenne East Indies Sumatra Brazil Sumatra Africa East Indies Cayenne Cayenne East Indies Surinam S. America S. America N
Cassida, Linneus.
Cassida ? Cassida, Linneus.
Hoplionota, Hope. Cassida, Linneus.
Cyphomorpha, Hope.
Cassida, Linneus. Thyreaspis, Hope. Cassida, Linneus. Thyreaspis, Hope. ?
Cassida, Linneus ? Thyreaspis, Hope.
Fabrician Species.
30. Brachiata $1. Aurulenta 32. Purpurea 33. Cyclops
34, Annulus
35. 6-notata
36. Bifasciata 37. Quadrata 38. Reticulata 39. 6-punctata 40. Interrupta
41. 8-punctata 42. Scripta
43, Gibba
44. Deusta
45. Clathrata 46, Cribraria 47. Nobilis
48. Bicolor
49. Taeniata 50. Trivittata 5l. Margaritacea 52. Cruciata 53. Aurichalcea 54. Crux
59. 11-punctata 59. 13-punctata . 60. Sinuata
61. Arcuata 62. Clavata 63. 2-notata 64. Micans
65. Elevata
66. 2-tuberculata
67. Tuberculata 68. Dilatata 69, Suturalis 70. 2-guttata 71. Miliaris
72. Adhaerens 73. 2-maculata
iy
90
Country.
S. America S. America S. America S. America Cayenne East Indies S. America S. America S. America Cayenne New Holland Siam
P. B.S: Cayenne New Holland East Indies America England
N. America New Holland New Cambridge England Brazil Carolina Cayenne Cayenne Sumatra East Indies Cayenne
N. America Cayenne Sumatra Sumatra Cayenne Sierra Leone S. America Brazil Cayenne
St. Helena Pacific Isles Guinea
Genera of Authors.
Thyreaspis, Hope.
Thyreaspis ?
Aspidimorpha, Hope ? Prioptera, Hope. Aspidimorpha? Cyphomorpha, Hope. Cassida, Linneus:.
Cyphomorpha, Hope. Cassida, Linneus. Thyreaspis, Hope. Hoplioptera, Hope. Cassida, Linneus.
Aspidimorpha, Hope. Thyreaspis, Hope. Aspidimorpha, Hope. Thyreaspis, Hope. Aspidimorpha, Hope. Prioptera, Hope, Thyreaspis, Hope. Aspidimorpha, Hope. 2
Aspidimorpha ? Aspidimerpha, Hope. Omoplata, Hope.
Aspidimorpha, Hope.
oe i
Fabrician Species.
74. Punctata 75. Adspersa 76. Marginata 77. 4-pustulata 78. Dorsata 79. 5-fasciata 80. St. Crucis 81. Jamaicensis _ 82. Chinensis 83. Exaltata 84, Cyanea 85. Spinifex 86. Bicornis 87. Taurus
88. Bidens
89. Gibbosa 90. Truncata 91. Flava
92. Leucophaea 93. Transversa 94. Reticulata 95. Variegata 96, Punctum 97. Trifasciata 98. Retiformis 99. Venosa 100. Nervosa 101, Varians 102. Annulata 103. Grossa 104. Lineata 105. Exclamationis 106. Flavo maculata 107. Irrorata 108. Inaequalis 109. Lateralis 110. Palliata 111. Variolosa 112. Discoidea 113. 2-pustulata 114. Discors
91
Country.
P-EB.S. Guinea
S. America Cayenne Siam Guinea
- Sierra Leone
Jamaica China
S. America S. America ? Cayenne Cayenne Cuba Brazil Brazil Cayenne S. America S. America Cayenne Cayenne Cayenne New Holland Cayenne Cayenne S. America Brazil
S. America S. America Cayenne P. B.S. ? S. America S. America S. America Cayenne Cayenne Cayenne Brazil Cayenne
Cayenne
Cayenne
=
Genera of Authors.
Aspidimorpha, Hope.
Omoplata, Hope. Aspidimorpha ? Aspidimorpha, Hope,
Thyreaspis, Hope ? Aspidimorpha ?
Selenis, Hope. Tauroma, Hope.
Batonota, Hope. Mesomphalia, Hope. Selenis, Hope. Omoplata, Hope. 2? Novum Genus. Mesomphalia, Hope. Oxynodera, Hope. Aspidimorpha, Hope. Novum Genus. Mesomphalia, Hope. ? Pecilaspis, Hope. Pecilaspis ? Mesomphalia. Calaspis, Hope. Cyphomorpha ? Cyphomorpha, Hope. Mesomphalia, Hope. Omoplata, Hope. Mesomphalia, Hope.
Oxynodera, Hope. Desmonota, Hope. Mesomphalia, Hope.
Fabrician Species.
115. Cuprea 116, 6-pustulata 117. 12-pustulata 118. 16-punctata 119. 2-punctata
92
Country. Genera of Authors, Cayenne Mesomphalia, Hope. Brazil Cayenne Pecilaspis, Hope. Brazil
East Indies Thyreaspis, Hope.
77. GENUS ADORIUM, Fasricius.
]. 2-punctatum 2. Palliatum 3, Testaceum 4. Lividum
5. Vittatum
6. Concolor
East Indies New Holland Sumatra
Adorium, Fabricius.
Sumatra New Holland Bengal ——
78. GENUS COLASPIS, Fasricius.
1. Testacea 2. Crenata
3. Glabrata 4. Flavicornis 5. Luteicornis 6. Crotonis
7. Rufipes
. Viridis
9. Tricolor 10, Acnea
11. Fulvipes
[o)
12. Cuprea
Brazil Colaspis, Fabricius.
Cayenne Cayenne Cayenne Amer, Isles S. America iP uBas: Carolina Virginia S. America S. America S. America
. Obscura
. Fulva
. Barbara
. Ferruginea . Nitidula
. Nigricornis . Laevigata . Marginata . Metallica
. Ruficornis — . Brunnea
. Suilla
S. America S. America Barbary
S, America S. America S. America S. America S. America East Indies S. America America
Carolina
Novum Genus? Colaspidema, Laporte. Colaspis, Fabricius. Eumolpus, Fabricius. Colaspis, Fabricius.
OonN OO Oo PR WwW SO
oS = oe OS i Wop DP Bee Sato af oe wo
Fabrician Species.
Saliens
. Gibba - Quercata
93
Country.
East Indies Cayenne
Carolina
Genera of Authors. Haltica, Liliger.
Eumolpus, Fabricius ?
79. GENUS EUMOLPUS, Fasricius.
. Ignitus
. Nitidus . Asiaticus . Cyaneus . Pretiosus . Auratus . Compressicornis . Antennatus . Splendidus . Sumptuosus . Glabratus
. Modestus
. Metallicus
. Hirtus
. Dentipes
. ASneus
. Nigritus
. Nitidulus
. Obscurus
. Vitis
. Atratus
. Variabilis
- Ruficollis
. Femoratus
Aerugineus
. Arenarius
Cayenne East Indies Russia
S. America Germany Pensylvania Guinea Java Tranquebar Trinidad Surinam East Indies Amboina Sumatra Sumatra East Indies S. America S. America Austria France America
S. America S. America S. America Italy Germany
Eumolpus, Fabricius.
Corynodes, Hope. Eumolpus, Fabricius.
Corynodes, Hope.
Colaspisoma, Laporte. Eumolpus, Fabricius. Novum Genus Colaspisoma, Laporte. — ? Adoxus, Kirby. Eumolpus, Fabricius.
secre
Adoxus, Kirby.
Eumolpus Fabricius. a
a |
Calaspidea, Laporte. Novum Genus.
80. GENUS CHRYSOMELA, Fasrictvs.
Punctatissima . Pustulata
Tenebricosa
. Rugosa
Morio Coriaria
Cayenne Cayenne England Barbary
Doryphora, Idliger.
Timarcha, Megerle.
Van Dieman’s Land} Paropsis, Olivier.
England
Timarcha, Megerle.
Fabrician Species.
7. Surinamensis
<) oS
29.
32.
. 3-maculata . Vittata
. Gibbosa
. 8-maculata . Submarginata . Conjugata . Trifasciata . Suturalis
. Pulcra
. Cruciata
. 12-guttata . Thoracica . Affinis
. Striata
Alternans
. Australasiae . Globus
. Varicornis
. Amethystina . Testacea
Bractea Orbicula Micans
. Centaurei
3-vittata
. Slavicans . Litura . Nigrita
Goettingensis
. Hottentotta
fEthiops
- Bicolor
. Lusitanica . Rufipes
. Ferruginea . Bankii
. Metallica . Lamina
. Obscurata . Raphani
94
Country.
Surinam N. America Cayenne S. America Surinam Senegal Surinam Surinam Cayenne N. America S. America
| S. America
Guinea
Barbary P. B.S. Pe Baus.
| New Holland
S. America S. America S. America S. America S. America S. America Sumatra England
S. America Saxony England Paris Sweden England Germany Austria Portugal New Holland Equin. Africa
| England
Styria Austria Germany Sweden
Genera of Authors.
Eumolpus, Kugellan. Chrysomela, Fabricius.
?
eee
Doryphora, Jlliger.
Chrysomela, Linneus.
Polysticta, Hope.
| Paropsis, Olivier.
Lamprosoma, Kirby.
Amarygmus, Dalmann. Chrysomela, Linneus.
Spartophila, Chevrolat.
Chrysomela, Linneus.
Malacoptera, Hope. Paropsis, Olivier. Adorium, Fabricius. Chrysomela, Linneus Timarcha, Megerle. Chrysomela, Linneus
Gastroeidea, Hope.
95
Fabrician Species.
48, Calcarata 49. Punctulata 50. Morbillosa 51. 10-pustulata 52. Adonidis 53, Clavata
54. 14-punctata 55. 14-guttata 56. Ebraea
57. Sapphirus 58. Graminis 59. Fulgida 60. Bifrons
61. Cuprea
62. Tristis
63. Haemoptera 64. Varians
65. Violacea 66. Semistriata 67. Amboinensis 68. Populi
69. Tremulae 70. Grossa
71. Staphylaea 72. Fervida
73. Polita
74, Lunata
75. Livida
76. Linea
77, Exclamationis 78. Stolida
79. Nigricornis 80. Collaris
81. Salicis
82. Senegalensis 83. Viminalis 84. Cyanipes 85, Cyanicornis 86. 10-punctata 87. 6-punctata 88. 6-notata
Country.
Germany Germany Germany
St. Domingo Austria
East Indies ? East Indies P2B..S8:
P. B.S. New Holland England England Italy Germany France England England Germany Brazils Amboina England England
S. France England Java England Unknown England
P. B.S.
N. America N. America New Holland Germany Sweden Senegal Sweden
New Holland New Holland Styria Austria Spain
Genera of Authors.
Chrysomela, Linneus. Chrysomela ? Chrysomela ? Chrysomela, Linneus. Phedon, Megerle. Clythra ?
Podontia, Dalmann. Polysticta, Hope.
Lina; Megerle. Chrysomela, Linneus.
Melasoma, Dilwynn. Chrysochloa, Hope. Chrysomela, Linneus.
Paropsis, Olzvier. Melasoma, Dilwynn.
Chrysomela, Linneus:
Galleruca, Fabricius: Chrysomela, Linneus. ?
Polysticta, Hope. Polyspila, Hope. Chrysomela, Linneus. Phyllocharis, Dalmann. Melasoma, Dilwynn.
Phedon, Megerle. Phytodecta, Kirby. Phyllocharis, Dalmann.
Phytodecta, Kirby. Spartophila, Chevrolat.
Fabrician Species,
89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101, 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108, 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120, 121.
122.
123,
124.
125. 126. 127. 128. 129.
Aegrota Pallida Notata Rumicis Vulpina Crassicornis Lapponica Interrupta Cayennensis Marmorata Scripta Undulata 18-guttata Polygoni Russica Brunnea Cerealis Megerlei Americana Festiva Fastuosa Splendidula Gloriosa Speciosa Limbata Carnifex Sanguinolenta Marginata Schach Analis Aucta Mediata 20-punctata Marginella Hannoverana Aducta 5-punctata Dimidiata Scutellata - Pectoralis Lineola
Country.
Spain England
P. B.S. Spain PBs: New Holland Lapland N, America Cayenne Cayenne N. America East Indies New Holland England Russia New Zealand Wales Germany Italy America England Sumatra Italy
S. France England Italy England England Austria France England Java
Italy Sweden Hanover Paris Hamburgh S. America England England America
Genera of Authors.
Spartophila, Chevrolat. Phytodecta, Kirby. Polysticta, Hope. Spartophila, Chevrolat. Polysticta, Hope. Novum Genus Melasoma, Dilwynn.
Polyspila, Hope. Melasoma, Dilwynn. Phyllocharis, Dalman.
Gastroeidea, Hope.
Colaspis, Fabricius. Chrysomela, Linneus.
Chrysochloa, Hope.
Chrysomela, Linneus.
Phedon, Megerle. Chrysomela, Lznneus.
Phedon, Megerie. Chrysomela, Linneus. Melasoma, Dilwynn. Helodes, Fabricius.
Chrysomela, Linneus. Lema, Fabricius. Chrysomela, Linneus. Cacicula, Megerle.
Polyspila, Hope ?
97
eee anne a eit Vee Oe
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 130, Sacra Palestine Phytodecta, Kirby. 131. Haemorrhoidalis England — 132. Fucata Italy a a 133. Aenea England Melasoma, Dilwyn. 134. Bulgharensis Russia —_— 135. Philadelphica Pensylvania Polyspila, Hope,
136. Armoraciae England Phzedon, Megerle. 137. Cochleariae England 138. Pallipes Denmark Phedon? 139. Sophiae Saxony Colaspidema, Laporte. 140. Discoidea N. America Haltica, Idliger. 141. Javanica Java 142. Picta Tranquebar Scirtes, Latreiile. 143, Aestuans S. America Haltica, Zlliger. 144, Calida American Isles 145. Indica East Indies 146. Varicornis S. America 147, Fulvicollis Ea B.S: 148. Napi Germany Macronema, Megerle. 149, Hyoscyami England = 150. Nigripes England Haltica, Illiger. 151. Nitidula England ———— 152. Helxines England ia 153. Fulvicornis England oan 154. 3-fasciata Europe ai 155. Modeeri England 156. Semiznea England Mantura, Stephens. 157. Erythrocephala Sweden Haltica, Zlliger. 158. Relicta Cayenne 159. Testacea England Spheroderma, Stephens. 160. Globosa | S. America Haltica, Iliger. 81. GENUS CRIOCERIS, Fasricivs.
]. 2-tuberculata Equin. Africa Crioceris, Fabricius,
2. 2-dentata Equin. Africa
3. Bispinosa Africa __
4, Fulva New Cambridge SS
5. Bicolor Java
6. Cyanipes Java Phylocharis, Dal/mann.
7. Melanocephala
New Holland O
Crioceris, Fabricius.
Fabrician Species.
. Detrita
Obsoleta
. Cyanipennis
Innuba
. 3-punctata . Modesta . Olivacea
3-fasciata
. Capitata . 5-maculata . Abrupta
Nigricornis
. Aruginea . Viridula
. Ruficollis . Elata
. Laeta
. Marginalis . 2-vittata
Vittata
. Glabrata . Impressa . Cerasi
. Ocreata
Ferruginea Pallida
. Lusca
. Variegata
. Thoracica
. Denticornis . Albicornis . 12-punctata . Fucata
. Aulica
. Cuprea
Oculata Bioculata
. Ebraea . Caminea . Pallens . 2-fasciata
98
Country.
American Isles S. America Brazil American Isles American Isles S. America
S. America
S. America Cayenne
S. America Brazil England Africa
S. America
S. America
S. America’
S. America
S. America
S. America Carolina Germany Sumatra England Guadeloupe New Cambridge East Indies Sumatra Cayenne
St. Domingo American Isles St. Domingo Carolina American Isles P. B.S.
New Cambridge New Holland PS B.S. Cayenne
N. America Unknown Unknown
Genera of Authors.
Crioceris, Fabricius 2? Novum Genus. Phyllotrupes, Hope.
Adimonia, Laicharting. Phyllotrupes, Hope,
Crioceris, Fabricius. >
Phyllotrupes, Hope.
Orsadacna, Latreille. Novum Genus. Orsadacna, Latreiile. Phyllotrupes, Hope. Crioceris, Fabricius. Haltica, Ziliger. Crioceris, Fabricius.
Phyllotrupes, Hope. Crioceris, Fabricius.
Phyllotrupes, Hope.
Melyris, Olivier. Crioceris, Fabricius. Lema, Fabricius. Crioceris, Fabricius.
Fabrician Species.
49. Equestris 50. 4-notata 51, Triangulum 52. Humeralis 53. 4-punctata 54. Rufipes . 55, Flavipes 56. Adusta
57, Subspinosa
58. Cyanocephala
59. Liciens 60. Cantharoides 61. Betulae 62. Lineola 63. Pygmaea 64, Minuta
65. Ephippium 66. Emarginata 67. Collata 68. Fulvipes 69. Fuscipes 70. Ruficornis 71. Anglica 72. 4-pustulata 73. 2-pustulata 74. S. Littera 75. Atricilla 76. Sisymbrii 77. Nasturtii 78. Dorsalis 79. Phthisica 80. Exoleta 81. Laevigata 82. Volkameriae 83. Copalina 84. St. Crucis 85. Holsatica 86. Tabida
87. Euphorbiae 88. Atra
89. Nemorum 90. Brassicae
99
Country.
Cayenne Sumatra S. America New Cambridge New Cambridge England England Germany England New Holland Brazil England Lapponia Germany Cayenne P. B.S.
S. America S. America Carolina England France Germany England England Carolina Surinam England England England England
S. America England Tangiers America Carolina St. Cruz. England England England Germany England France
Genera of Authors.
Lema, Fabricius. Crioceris, Fabricius.
Luperus, Geoffroy.
Auchenia, Herbst? Zeugophora, Kunze. Crioceris, Fabricius ? Phyllotrupes, Hope. Orsadacna, Latreille. : Phedon, Megerle. Orsadaena, Latreille. Crioceris, Fabricius. Cry ptocephalus ? Thyamis, Stephens? Haltica, Iliger.
Macronema, Megerle. Thyamis, Stephens. Haltica, Idliger.
Thyamis, Stephens.
Thyamis? Macronema, Megerte. Haltica, Idiger. Thyamis, Stephens.
Haltica, Fabricius.
100
Ske 92. 93. 94, 95.
om 0 OY eH
OeomvA nr wn &
eS Cn Te re ee ee oa coe ee
Fabrician Species.
Surinamensis Rubi Hortorum Porvula Vittata
Country. Genera of Authors. Surinam Haltica ? Liliger. England Mantura, Stephens.
S. America Haltica, Illiger. S. America Carolina
82. GENUS HELODES, Fasnricivs.
. Phellandrit . Campestris . Violacea - Elongata . Porrecta
England Helodes, Paykuil. Barbary Lema, Fabricius. England Helodes, Paykuil. lets lees Novum Genus. P. B.S.
83. GENUS LEMA, Fasricius.
. 4-pustulata
- Impressa
. Unipunctata . Semipunctata . Armata
. Cyanipennis . Praeusta
. Albicornis
. Merdigera
. Retusa
. Brunnea
. 12-punctata . Tranquebarica . 14-punctata . Ruficollis
. Melanura
. Asparagi
. Atrata
. Nigricornis
. o-punctata
. Coromandeliana . Solani
. Cyanella
. Cornuta
. Cyanea
- Cayenne
| Germany
| East Indies | N. America
Siam Lema, Fabricius. Siam
Java Sumatra Guinea Sumatra East Indies ? S. America England Cayenne England England
| Tranquebar
Austria Cayenne Tranquebar England
S. America
England Carolina East Indies
101
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 26. Bicolor East Indies Lema, Fabricius. T87, Melanopa England 28. Unifasciata New Holland es 29. 2-fasciata New Holland 30. Nigripes New Holland 31. Obscura S. America 32. Vittata S. America Megascelis, Latreille. 33. Cuprea S. America 34. Nitidula S. America 35. Striata S. America 2 36. Varia S. America Petauristes, Latreille. 37. Posticata S, America! 84. GENUS GALLERUCA, Fasrictus. 1. 2-maculata America Galleruca, Fabricius. 2. Testacea P: B.S. 3. Pallipes Sumatra 4. Rosea Sumatra 5. Fasciata America ee 6. Ruficollis England Phedon, Megerle. 7. Littoralis Europe Galleruca, Fabricius. 8. Trenquebarica Tranquebar — 9. Unicolor Sumatra 10. Sumatrae Sumatra ——— 11. Cajennensis Cayenne 12. Nigripennis Surinam _-——. 13. Obscura Guinea 14. Baccharidis Carolina 15. Rustica England ee 16, Tanaceti England 17. Tricolor Sumatra a 18. Marginata S. America 19. Pallicornis Sumatra ee 20. Luteicornis Sumatra 21. Bicolor Sumatra 22, Analis Sumatra —_—— 23. Atripennis Sumatra 24. Cruenta East Indies 25. Ferruginea S. America —_— 26. Abdominalis S. America ————
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. 27. Alni England Adimonia, Laicharting. 28. Compressicornis S. America Novum Genus, 29. Bassiae East Indies Galleruca, Fabricius. 30. Lawsonie East Indies 31. Absinthii Siberia — 32. Picea Equin. Africa 33. Betulae England Phedon, Stephens. 34, Tricolor Indies Adimonia, Laicharting. 35. Sericea East Indies Galleruca, Fabricius. 36. 4-maculata Denmark Auchenia, Marsham. 37. 6-punctata PB. s. 38. Impressa Tranquebar Galleruca, Fabricius ? 39. Discoidea Carolina Auchenia, Marsham. 40. Limbata Carolina — 41. Cincta Tranquebar Novum Genus. 42. Trilineata PB. Ss: Galleruca, Fabricius. 43. Triloba Guinea 44, Lineola England 45. Nymphaea England 46. Capreae England a 47. Avicenniae S, America Galleruca? Fabricius. 48. Ruficanda P, B.S. Lina, Megerle. 49. Vitellinae England Phytodecta, Kirby. 50. Lactucae Dresden Diaperis, Fabricius. 51. Palliata Dresden Crioceris, Fabricius. 52. Calmariensis England Galleruca, Fabricius. 53. Morio P. Bas, Crioceris, Fabricius ? 54. Sanguinea N. Europe Galleruca, Fabricius. 55. Marginella S. America 56. Notata N. America —_—_— 57. Notulata N. America 58. Maura S. America Crioceris, Fabricius. 59. Americana Carolina Galleruca, Geoffroy. 60. Atomaria Carolina 61. Gelatinariae N. America 62. Tenella England 63. Haemorrhoidalis New Cambridge 64. Histrionica Indies 65. Varicornis S. America 66. Famelica N. America Haltica, Lliger, 67. Fasciata St. Domingo /Edionychis, Latreiile.
102
Fabrician Species.
99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104, 105. 106. 107.
108.
Caroliniana
. Equestris
. Macula
- 10-guttata . Nobilitata . 4-fasciata
. Sellata
Abbreviata
. Limbata
. Thoracica
. Nitida
. Aquinoctialis . Albicollis
. 4-notata
Bicolor
. Humeralis 5 Lunata
. Collaris
. Cyanipennis . Glabrata
. Miniata
- Quercata . Conjugata . Petaurista - Oculata
. Coccinea . Hectica
. Impressa . Marginella . Flavicollis . Obsoleta
Erucae Cyanea Pallens 2-guttata 4-cuttata Liturata Trifasciata Geminata Restituta Oleracea
103
Country.
Carolina America
S. America S. America Cayenne Cayenne
S. America Cayenne Tangier America
S. America S. America Cayenne Cayenne America
S. America S. America N. America St. Domingo Jamaica Carolina Carolina Carolina Carolina
S. America Guinea
S. America Tangier Portugal
S. America S. America Germany Sumatra Guadeloupe N. America Cayenne Sumatra
S. America Tangier
S. America England
Genera of Authors.
Orchestris, Kirby. AKdionychis, Latreille, 2 Adionychis, Latreille.
ZEdionychis, Latreille. Haltica, Ziliger. fEdionychis, Latreiile.
| Orchestris, Kirby.
| Adionychis, Latreiille. | Orchestris, Kirby.
| Adionychis, Latreille.
| Orchestris, Kirby. | Adionychis, Latreille.
| Crioceris, Fabricius. | Galleruca, Fabricius.
f&dionychis, Latreiile.
| Aidionychis, Latredile. | Haltica, Idliger.
pete ebay
104
109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114, 115. 116. 117, 118,
Fabrician Species. Country. Genera of Authors. Concinna Carolina AEdionychis, Latreille. 4-punctata New Holland Suturalis Carolina Obsidiana Carolina Mercurialis Germany Haltica, Jdiger. Advena American Isles A&dionychis, Latreille. Filiformis S. America Porrecta S. America Elongata N. America Frontalis Carolina
85. GENUS CYPHON, Fasricivs.
]. Pallidus England Cyphon, Fabricius. 2. Lividus France a 3. Griseus England =a 4. Pubescens England
5. Marginatus England
6. Melanurus England
7. Hemisphericus England Scirtes, Iliger.
8. Orbiculatus Carolina
9. Compressicornis S. America 10. Fasciatus America Scirtes ? Zdliger. 11. Testaceus S. America an 12. Depressus S. America Se
86. GENUS ENDOMYCHUS, Fasricivs.
1. Marginatus N. America Endomychus, Fabricius. 2. Coccineus England
3. Cruciatus Sweden Lycoperdina, Latreille. 4. 4-pustulatus Germany
5. Fasciatus Hungary
6. Bovistae England
105
HISTER, Fabricius. HISTERIDZ, Linneus. HISTEROIDEA, Hope.
Genera.
1. Hololepta, Paykult. 2. Phylloma, Klug.
3. Oxysternus, Godet. 4, Plesius, Klug.
5. Placodes, Klug.
6 Platysoma, Leach. 7° Omalodes, De Jean. 8. Crypturus, Klug.
9. Hister, Linneus.
10. Heteerius, Godet. 11. Epierus, Klug.
12. Tribalus, Klug. 13. Dendrophilus, Leach. 14. Paromalus, Klug. 15. Saprinus, Klug.
16. Pachylopus, Klug. 17. Plegaderus, Klug, 18, Onthophilus, Leach. 19. Abreus, Leach.
20. Cylistus, Godet. 21. Teretrius, Klug. 22. Trypaneus, Godet,
* \ Hololepta, De Jean.
Country.
(a) DEPRESSA.
Austria Cayenne Cayenne Java Caffraria
England
Cayenne East Indies ?
(b) CONVEXA.
Europe Europe Etruria P. B.S. Europe Europe Egypt P. B.S. Europe England England
(c) CYLINDRICA.
N. America Europe S. America
P
Typical Species.
H. Plana, Fabricius.
H. Cortiealis, Fabricius. H. Maxillosus, Fabricius. H. Javanus, Klug.
H. Caffer, Klug.
H. Depressus, Fabricius.
H. Omega, Kirby. H. Anescens, Klug.
H. Major, Linneus.
H. Quadratus, Paykuil, H. Retusus, Jlliger.
H. Capensis, Paykull. H. Punctatus, Paykull. P. Pumilio, Klug,
H. Rotundatus, Paykull. P. Dispar, Klug?
H. Cesus, Paykull.
H. Sulcatus, Fabricius. H. Globulus, Paykud/.
H. Cylindricus, Paykull. H., Picipes, Paykull.
H. Proboscideus, Fabricius,
106
The above genera belong to the Histeroidea and to the sections a, b, & c., family names may be given; the first being denominated Hololeptide, the second Histeride; for the third, which probably will eventually be considerably increased, I suggest the adoption of the term Cylindridze, expressive of the form of the genera composing it. Hister evi- dently is closely related to the Silphidze, not only in habits, but also from its internal anatomy, as well as its larval form. Mr. MacLeay, in his valuable work, entitled the Annulosa Javanica, maintains a relationship existing with the Lamelli- corns; Mr. Kirby also, in the Fauna Boreali Americana, connects Hister on the one hand with the Necrophaga, and on the other with the Philhy- dridra, Tryponzeus of the New World, from its cylindrical form, and other accordances, evinces a relationship with the Xylophaga. Mr. Westwood also states, that the cornuted thorax of the males intimates a connection with Sinodendron and the Lamellicorns ; there is therefore an apparent union of Hister with the Coprophagous, as well as the Xylobious Lamellicorns, which might naturally be expected (a).
(a) For an account of the various Swedish authors who have written on the Histeroidea, consult Paykull’s Monograph, on Hister, and Thunberg’s Coleoptera Capensia.—Vid. Mem. St. Petersburg, Vol. 7, (1820) and Gyllenhall.
Of the English writers, see Leach’s Zoological Miscellany, Vol. 3, and also a new genus in the Plymouth Transactions, MacLeay’s Hore Entomologice, Kirby’s Fauna Boreali Ameri- cana, Linnean Transactions, Vol. 12.; and the works of Stephens,
ya’ as A
107
CueLtonarium, Fabricius.
The Baron De Jean is inclined to follow Fa- bricius in placing Cheloniarum between Hister and Byrrhus; a situation, according to my views,
entirely out of place. Mr. Macleay, in his An-
nulosa Javanica, ranges it with the Dermestide. His observations are worthy of attention, as he felt convinced of the impropriety of locating it as he has done. One specimen which he examined hung in a very mutilated state. Latreille considers it as belonging to a family mediate between Elater
and Buprestis, and it is probable that he is right
—
in his suggestions; till we know more, however, of the habits of these insects, as well as their actual larvze, it would be rash to speak decidedly con- cerning them. It appears that some species of Chelonarium are found in the New as well as the Old World, the major part of the known species belonging to South America. Two species from the East Indies have fallen under my notice; neither of them accord with Chelonarium Villosum of MacLeay, described in the Annulosa Javanica.
Westwood, and Curtis. The German works are Sturm’s Deutsh Fauna, Kugellan in Schneider’s Magazine, Germar’s Magazine, Vol. 1 and 4, and also his species Nove Insectorum, Klug’s Jahrbucher der Insectenkunde, page 83; and lastly, Erichson’s Kafer der Mark Brandenburg Band, Abth 2, page 649. As to the French writers, I need only mention the names of Audouin and Brulle, and Monsieur Laporte de Castelneau. Some writers are inclined to consider Onthophilus as a distinct section; to that opinion I am opposed, and therefore have omitted it.
108
Byrruus, Mabricius. Byrruipe, Leach.
The following genera compose the family :—
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Anthrenus, Fabricius. England An. Pimpinelle, Fabricius. 2. Trinodes, Megerile. England An. Hirtus, Fabricius. 3. Aspidiphorus, Ziegler. | Sweden Nit. Orbiculata, Gyllenhall. 4. Microchetes, Hope. New Holland M. Sphericus, Hope. 5. Nosodendron, Latrezle. | England B. Fascicularis. Fabricius. 6. Byrrhus, Linneus. ' | England B. Pillula, Fabricius. 7. Murmidius, Leach. China M. Ferrugineus, Leach. 8. Sinplocaria, Curtis. England B. Semistriatus, Fabricius. 9. Syncalypta, Didwynn. England B. Arenarius, Sturm. 10. Ephistemus, Westwood. England D. Gyrinoides, Marsham. 11. Limnichus, Ziegler. England B. Sericeus, Duftschmidt. 12. Oomorphus, Curtis. England B. Unicolor, Sturm. 13. Macroprion, Hope. Santa Cruz A. Serraticornis, Fabricius. *14, Ceutocerus, Germar. Germany C. Advena, Schuppell.
The above table comprises the genera of Byrrhide, a family evidently allied to the Dermestide, as well as the Histeroidea. Mr. Kirby, in his Fauna Bo- reali Americana, ranges the Byrrhidz along with the Necrophaga, while Mr. Westwood points out the connexion with Anisotoma. With respect to the species mentioned by Fabricius, I have only given four, as there cannot be a doubt respecting the remaining nine described in the Eleutheratorum ; I pass on therefore to the genus Anthrenus. It may be here added, that the species named Elon-
-———__
* Some Entomologists consider Murmidius and Ceutocerus to
be identical. My friend the Comte de Castelneau regards them as distinct.
109
gatulus may be considered as connecting the families
of Byrrhidz and Dermestide.
ANTHRENUS, Fabricius.
The species twelve and thirteen of the Fabrician Anthrenis belong evidently to a separate genus. They are remarkable for their antenne, the club being much produced and serrated; I have there- fore applied the generic term Macroprion, derived from paxpos longus, and zpwy serra, to include those species which are allied to Anthrenus serraticornis of Fabricius. They occur at Santa Cruz. Anthrenus gloriosz probably may be an Attagenus.
BouiropHacus, Fabricius.
Fabricius placed next to Anthrenus the genus Trox, now one of the Lamellicorn families. As it has already been treated of, I proceed to the next genus, namely, Bolitophagus, to which Latreille has applied the term of Eledona. I retain the Fabrician name on the ground of priority. Only four species are recorded by the above author, all of them still belonging to the genus.
Opatrum, Fabricius.
The insects described by Fabricius and ranged under the genus Opatrum, belong chiefly to two fa- milies, namely, the Asididz and Opatride: they are intimately connected, and the following tables will exhibit the genera belonging to them respectively. It must be stated, however, that there are some exceptions, as Opatrum Gibbum, and Clathratum
110
belong to another family, namely, the Pedinide, while Opatrum minutum is an Helophorus.
Asipipz, Castelneau.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Zopherus, Hope. Mexico Z. Mexicanus, Hope.
2. Asida, Latreille. Europe Op. Griseum, Fabricius.
3. Pelecyphorus, Solier. Mexico P. Pel. Mexicanus, Soler.
4. Microschatia, Solier. Mexico Mic. Punctata, Solier.
5. Machla, Herbst. PE BS: Plat. Serratus, Fabricius.
6. Scotinus, Kirby. Brazil Se. Crenicollis, Kirby
7. Platynotus, Fabricius. East Indies - | Pl. Excavatus, Fabricius.
8. Eurynotus, Kirby. P. B.S. Eur. Muricatus, Kirby.
9. Heteroscelis, Latreille. PSB... Plat. Variolosus, Fabricius. 10. Nosoderma, De Jean. Cuba N. Echinatum, De Jean.
11. Selenepistoma, Weid. Papas: Plat. Dilatatus, Fabricius.
To the above genera several others might be added, particularly some undescribed types from the East Indies and New Holland. The genera Stenosis, Cardigenius, and Stenomorpha of Solier, ought also to be attached. They are from the New World, and represent there nearly similar corresponding forms, which appear at present to be peculiar to the Old World.
Opatrive, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Opatrum, Fabricius. England Op. Sabulosum, Fabricius. 2. Scleron, Hope. East Indies Op. Orientale, Fabricius. 3. Trichoton, Hope. Cayenne T. Cayennense, Hope. 4. Isopteron, Hope. New Holland T. Australe, Hope. 5. Microzoon, De Jean. England Op. Tibiale, Fabricius. 6. Leichenum, De Jean. Austria Op. Pictum, Fabricius. 7. Pilioloba, Soler. Tucuman P. Salax, Lacordaire. 8. Crypticus, Latreille. Paris C. Glaber, Fabricius.
iii Such are the genera which, according to miy views, belonging to Opatridze ; I am not aware that th echaracters of Sclerum of De Jean, are yet pub- lished. I change the termination to on, as being more correct. The following short generic cha- racters will probably suffice to denote a form allied
to Opatrum, which appears only to occur in tropical Africa and Asia,
Screron, Hope.
“ Corpus elongatum, elytris thorace duplo longi- oribus et latidudine zequalibus. Caput rugosum, cly- peo fisso, antennis ultimis articulis sensim incrassatis. Thorax rugosus. Tibie anticee dilatato-trigonee.” About ten species have fallen under my notice ; two inhabit Africa, and the rest are from the East Indies.*
Tricnoton, Hope.
Corpus nitiduliforme, ovatum, convexum, postice subacuminatum, supra et infra pilosum. Antenne moniliformes, quatuor ultimis articulis extrorsum crassioribus, subaequalibus. F'emora parum incras- sata tibiis quatuor anticis arcuatis postice dilatatis. tibiis posticis rectis, in reliquis Opatro convenit. Habitat in America Meridionali.
The insect above-described, is the only Opatrum belonging to the New World that has fallen under my notice. From the above short description it will be seen at once, that it cannot be ranged with
* Besides the general works containing the Heteromea, consult Opatra Collect. Stevenianz, in Mem, Soc., Imp. Mosc., volume 7,
lig
those of the Old World ; I have named it Trichoton from the Greek word tprxwros Pilosus, placing it in the neuter gender, as according with the original Fabrician genus Opatrum; the specific name of Cayennense is the country from whence it was received.
Isopreron, Hope.
Corpus elongatum, elytris thorace triplo longi- oribus. Caput antice fossula transversa sulcatum postice rotundatum clypeo emarginata ;—Thorax fere semicircularis angulis posticis externe fortiter incisis, Scutellum magnum. KElytra antice, et pos- tice fere zequalia. Corpus infra scabrum punctatum femora antica fortiter sulcata, quatuor posticis fere integris, at externo sinuatis. Tibize anteriores den- tate, reliquis inarmatis et elongatis. Habitat in Nova Hollandia.
In concluding my observations on the genera of Opatride, I have to remark, that I have adopted the genera of Microzoum, Leichenum, and Pilio- bola of Solier, feeling satisfied that they form sub- genera. The name of Microzoum, however, should be changed to Microzoon ; that of Leichenum should I think, be changed, and Piliobola be altogether expunged. [am in doubt if the above genera are published with details or not; if not, it remains with future writers to name them anew.
FaspriciaAN SPECIES.
Sp. 3. Obscurum.—On Westermann’s authority, I record this species as an Asida.
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FABRICIAN SPECIES OF OPATRUM.
Sp. 6. Gibbuin.—This insect belongs at present to a distinct family, which may be named from the Latreillian Pedinus Pedinide.
Sp. 11. Arenaritum.—The locality in the Banksian Collection of this species is the Cape of Good Hope, and not Germany, and I am inclined to consider it as correct.
Sp. 14. Clathratus—Now an Opatrinus of De Jean, one of the Pedinide; it appears also, to be the type of the genus.
Sp. 15. Planum.—tIs a Pedinus of the present day.
Sp. 24. Sericeum.—l have reported this insect to belong to my genus Scleron. Westermann, how- ever, informs me in his letters, that it is a Pen- tamerous insect, and allied to the Malacodermata. He does not state the genus.
Sp. 27. Minutum.-—Undoubtedly this insect is an Helophorus of Dr. Leach. The remaining species require no remarks; and therefore, the next genus to comment on is Erodius.
Eropivus, Fabricius.
According to various authors, Erodius of Fabricius has been placed at the head of the Melasomata, with what justice I do not attempt to decide; I shall merely give the genera which compose the
Q
114
family, and leave others to determine its true locality. Some have considered Erodius as belonging to Pimelia, which does not accord with my views, as I regard it as belonging to a distinct family, namely, the Erodiidze of Solier.
Eropiipx, Solier.
Genera. | Country. Typical Species. 1. Erodius, Fabricius. Spain E. Gibbus, Fabricius. 2. Leptonychus, Chevrolat. | Senegal L. Erodiodes, Chevrolat. 3. Diodontes, Solier. Senegal E. Porcatus, De Jean. 4. Arthrodeis, Solier. Egypt E. Rotundatus, De Jean. 5. Anodesis, Solier. Senegal E. Cleryi, Buquet. 6. Zophosis, Latreille. P.B.S. E. Testidunarius, Fabricius.
The above genera belonging to the Erodiide, are all, I believe, which are yet published; the second section comprehended by Monsieur Solier under the term Zophosites, evidently requires further sub- division.
1. Scaurus, Fabricius. 2. Scaurires, Solver. 3. SCAURIDE, Hope.
Only four insects are included in the Systema Kleutheratorum under the genus Scaurus; from late discoveries, they are greatly increased. I give the tables of the genera (published in the Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France,) by Solier re- lating to this family.
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Scauripa, Hope.
Genera. | Country. Typical Species. 1. Scaurus, Fabricius. Egypt S. Atratus, Fabricius. 2. Cephalostenus, Solier. Morea S. De Jeanii, Solier. 3. Herpiscius, Solier. Pe BS H. Spinole, Solier. 4. Leptodes, De Jean. Turcomania L. Boisduvalii, Zoubkogf. 5. Polypleurus, Eschcholtz. | N. America? P. Geminatus, De Jean.
I need only remark on one Fabrician species named Sulcatus, which appears to be a Ditomus of Bonelli, and belonging to the Ditomidee of Audouin, one of the families pertaining to the Caraboidea ; Scarites Bucephalus of Olivier is the same insect; so also is the Carabus Clypeatus of Rossi.*
Seprpium, Fabricius.
The genus Scarites in the Systema Eleuthe- ratorum follows Scaurus, as it has already been treated of in its natural place, I pass onwards to Sepidium, and I feel inclined to consider Sepidium entitled to rank as a family. The following genera belong to it :—
Sepipip#, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Sepidium, Fabricius. Arabia S. 3-cuspidatum, Fabricius. 2. Trachynotus, Latreille. PuBES: S. Reticulatum, Fabricius. 3, Oxura, Kirby. P. B.S. Ox. Setosa, Kirby.
* Figures of the genera Cephalostenus, Herpiscius, Leptodes and Polypleurus, will be found in the 7th volume of the Annales of the French Entomological Society.—Vid. Plates 7 & 8.
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Sepipip£, Hope. (continued. )
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 4. Tracheleum, Hope. [ete Byala S. Laticolle, Hope. 5. Echinotus, Klug. Caffraria S. Spinicolis, Klug. 6. Crytoderes, Solier. P. B.S. S. Curculionum, Thunberg, 7. Somaticum, Hope. PP. Bas. S, Rugosum, Fabrictus. 8. Hipomelus, De Jean. P..B. 8S: S. Vittatum, Fabricius. 9. Vieta, Casteineau. Senegal Sep. Vestitum. Klug.
TracHeEteum, Mihi.
I have given as a sub-genus a, remarkable insect in my Collection, which accords with none of the genera which have already been described; it is evidently a Sepidium, and approaches Oxura and Trachynotus in some points, and yet differs en- tirely in the shape of the thorax with any species of Sepidium yet published. I name it therefore, 'Trache- loeum, from the Greek tpaXyAavos, its chief characters being derived from the anomalous form of the thorax which in the major part of the above genera, may be regarded as hexagonal ; in the present instance, it is quadrilateral, the anterior angles being rounded. The following differences at once distinguish it from other genera belonging to this family.
Thorax fere quadratus angulis anticis rotundatis, posticis gradatim minoribus. Corpus valde con- vexum. Hlytra fortissime sulcata, sutura et lineis ternis elevatis conspicua, lineis neque basin nec api- cem attingentibus. Corpus infra contractum, elytris abdomen ambientibus, lateribus fortiter sulcatis, in reliquis Trachynoto convenit.
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Somaticus, Hope.
The type of this genus is Sepidium Rugosum of Fabricius, The type of Trachynotus is S. Reticu- latum of the same author, and all the species belonging to it, have the body depressed, the elytra scarcely exceeding in width the broadest part of the thorax ; in Somaticus the body is greatly en- larged, being nearly twice as broad as the neck; the thorax is convex, as well as the elytra, each of which has an elevated ridge on the centre of disc, commencing at the base of the wings, and ter- minating gradually before it reaches the apex. On the under side the elytra appear considerably larger than the abdomen, overlapping the body; the sides of the wings are also remarkable for a broad furrow, which extends throughout their length. I have no observations to make on the Fabrician species, and have given Hipomelus of De Jean as one of the genera, but feel doubtful if its characters are yet published. With regard to Vieta of Castelneau, it appears to be too nearly allied to Sepidium to separate it; as however its concise characters are published, I have inserted it. The Sepidium elon- gatum of Herbst and Olivier has been supposed to come from the East Indies, which is probably erroneous, as I obtained a specimen from Lee’s cabinet, labelled as received from the Cape of Good
_ Hope.
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Pimevia, Fabricius. Pimeites, Solier.
Pime.ips, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Platyope, Fischer. Siberia Ak. Lineata, Fabricius, 2. Diesia, Fischer. Bucharia D. 4-dentata, Fischer. 3. Trigonoscelis, Solier. S. Russia Pim. Nodosa, Fischer. 4. Lasiostola, De Jean. S. Russia Pim. Pubescens, Pallas. 5. Prionotheca, Solier. Egypt Pim. Coronata, Olivier. 6. Pterocoma, Solier. Siberia Pim. Piligera, Gebder. 7. Thriptera, Soler. Egypt T. Maillei, Solier. 8. Pachyscelis, Solier. Persia P. Depressa, Solier. 9. Phymatiotris, Solier. Morea Ph. 4-collis, De Jean. 10. Pterolasia, Solier. Senegal Pt. Squalida, De Jean. 11, Polpogenia, Solier. Senegal P. Asidioides, Solier. 12. Podhomala, Solier. S. Russia P. Suturalis, Fischer. 13. Pimelia, Fabricius. Egypt P. Angulata, Fabricius. 14. Melanostola, De Jean. Tripoli P. Simplex, De Jean. 15. Psammodes, Kirby. P. B.S. Ps. Longicornis, Kirby. 16. Epiphysa, De Jean. P. B.S. Pim. Flavicollis, Fabricius. 17, Cryptochile, Latreille. P. B.S. P. Maculata, Fabricius. 18. Physogaster, Latreiile. Chili P. Tomentosus, Guerin. 19. Megagenius, Solier. Barbary Pim. Frioli, Soler. 20. Macropoda, Solier. Senegal Pim. Variolaris, Olivier. 21. Physosterna, Solier. Pa Bas: Pim. Ovata, Olivier. Stenochara, Solier, P. B.S Pim. Porcata, Fabricius. oh linaeenite: Fischer. Egypt Pim. Longipes, Fabricius. 23. Metriopa, Soler. P. B.S Pim. Hoffmanseggii, Dup. 24. Oteroscelis, Solier. Persia Ades. Pulcherrima, Fischer.
The above genera belong to the Pimelidz, and to them others might be added.
It will be seen at
a single glance that the genera are nearly all of them confined to Africa and Southern Russia. No
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doubt other forms will occur on the banks of the Indus, and in various parts of Asia. Some rare forms from the vicinity of Poona have lately been brought to this country from that locality. As it is not my intention in this Manual to introduce genera without they are very remarkable in form, I consequently leave many of the Heteromera undescribed. Physogaster probably belongs to another family. Along with the Pimelize Fabri- cianz will be found some forms pertaining to other Heteromerous families; for instance, such genera aS Moluris, Gnaptor, Acanthomera, Morica, and Amatodes. In one instance we have a re- markable deviation from Pimelia, as the species named Pygmzea appears to be a Georyssus of Latreille. For the published characters of Physo- gaster, Vid. Guerin’s Magazine, Vol. 4. Plate 101. It will be seen that I have considered the tribe termed Macropodites by Solier, as being closely allied to Pimelidze, and cannot well be separated. Stenochara and Adesmia I also consider as one genus, and even Oteroscelis must be united.—For further information, refer to Solier in the 4th volume of the Annales de la Societe de France, page 509.
FABRICIAN SPECIES OF PIMELIA.
Sp. 1. Striata.—This insect belongs to another family, namely, the Moluride. Sp. 3. Flavicollis—This is now of the genus
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Epiphysa of De Jean. It seems to be a mediate form, between the Erodiidze and the Pimelidee.
Sp. 4. Gibba.—I regard this species as a Moluris. The locality in Fabricius is reported to be from India; in Olivier’s work both Africa and Asia are mentioned. I obtained this singular form at the purchase of Lee's insects ; it approaches somewhat to Moluris, and might be formed into a sub-genus belonging to that family.
Sp. 6. Globosa.—There is great contention re- specting this species. | regard it as a Pimelia; Westermann tells me it is certainly a Moluris.
Se. 7. Glabrata.—This insect is probably the other sex of Gnaptor leevigatus.
Se. 11. Muricata.—Now a Pimelia. There are two species named Muricata; that mentioned by Linneus appears to be an Adesmia. The Fabrician one is still a true Pimelia.
Sp. 12. Tuberculata.—i give this species on the authority of Latreille and De Jean as an Acan- thomera; the figure however in Herbst’s work resembles closely a Pimelia.
Sp. 15. Scabra.—Now a Moluris of Latreille. In the Banksian Cabinet two distinct insects are labelled with the name of Scabra; the first is a Moluris from the Cape of Good Hope, and the second a true Pimelia from Siberia. There are two specimens of each; one of the latter appears as if it was a manufactured specimen.
Sp. 27. Canaliculata.—I regard this insect as be- longing to the genus Amatodes of De Jean.
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Sp. 28. Costata.—According to Westermann this is a Cryptochile of Latreille; and he adds in a note, it is certainly a rubbed specimen of Pim. maculata of Fabricius.
Sp. 31. Pygm@a.—Now a Georyssus of Latreille. The generic name given to this species by Illiger is Cathamistes, and is most likely the Trox dubius of Panzer. Refer to the latter author.
Eurycuora, Fabricius.
Eurychora is one of the genera belonging to the Akisidz : only one species is recorded by Fabricius. There are at present in the European cabinets about twenty-five species; the major part of the genera are from Africa; some few of them however, are from Europe.
EKurycsoritres, NSolier.
Eurycuorip&, Hope.
Genera, Country. Typical Species. 1. Eurychora, Fabricius. P.B.S. E, Ciliata, Fabricius. 2. Pogonobasis, Solier. Senegal E. Opatroides, De Jean. 3. Adelostoma, Duponchel. Spain Ad. Sulcatum, Duponchel. 4. Steira, Westwood. P. B.S. St. Costata, Westwood. Notiophygus, Gory.* : 5. a cect ida, P. B.S. Not. Nigropunctatus, Gory.
* Consult the Monograph du Genre Notiophygus, par M. Gory, Ent. Trans. de France. Vol. 3, p. 452. Only five species are de- scribed by him.
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Axis, Fabricius. AkisiTEs, Soler.
Axisipz, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Cacicus, De Jean. Tucuman C. Americanus, Lacordaire-. 2. Elenophorus, Megerle. Marseilles A. Collaris, Fabricius. 3. Morica, De Jean. Tangiers A. Planata, Fabricius. 4. Akis, Fabricius. Spain A. Acuminata, Fabricius. 5. Cyphogenia, Soler. S. Russia A. Aurita, Schonherr. 6. Cryptoglossa, Solier. Mexico C. Bicostata, Dupont. 7. Melaphorus, Guerin. Peru M. Reichei, Guerin. 8. Evaniosomus, Guerin. Lima
E. Orbiguyanus, Guerin.
As under Pimelia of Fabricius, we found several genera belonging to modern families, so is it the case with respect to Akis. Platyope of Fischer belongs to the Pimelidze; Heliodromus, Lophoma, Thalpophila, Tentyria and Hyperops to the Tenty- ridze; while the Tageniadze appear to form alto- gether a distinct family. |
FABRICIAN SPECIES OF AKIS.
Sp. 6. Lineata.—Now a Platyope of Fischer, and is the same insect apparently as Pimelia lineata of Olivier.
Sp. 8. Glabra.—Now an Heliodromus of Brulle. The name of Platyscelis has been attached to this and other species; as however it is used for one of the Caraboidea, it is abandoned.
| 123 Sp. 13. Levigata.—Now an Hyperops of Solier.
The name of Tetromma is used by Professor Klug, and I believe is anterior to that of Solier’s name.
Piatynotus, Fabricius.
Platynotus now belongs to the family of Asidide. Refer back to page 110, where the genera composing it are mentioned. Some of the species arranged by Fabricius under Platynotus, belong to other families than Asida; for instance, Gnaptor, Eleodes, and Selenepistoma, are arranged with the Blapside, while Heteroscelis is distinct from them all.
FABRICIAN SPECIES OF PLATYNOTUS.
Se. 4. Dilatatus——This is now a Selenepistoma of Wiedemann. The locality given by Fabricius is the Isle of St. Thomas. It is probably from the Cape of Good Hope.
Spe. 6. Levigatus.—Now a Gnaptor of Megerle. Tenebrio spinimanus of Pallas is the same insect.
Sp. 7. Undatus.—Probably an Eleodes of Dr. Eschcholtz.
Se. 12. Granulatus.—Il consider this insect still as a Platynotus. It was originally described from Lunds collection. According to Westermann this species is not now to be found in the Royal Museum at Copenhagen.
Buars, Fabricius.
Buarsipa, Leach.
Biaptorpea, Hope.
This group may not improperly be divided into two or three families; namely, the true Blapside and the Pedinide; others add also the Asidide, which I consider as more nearly allied to the Opa- tride. The genera are numerous, and the following
are all characterized.
Buiapsipa, Leach.
Genera. Country. Typical Spreies.
1. Blaps, Fabricius. France B. Gages, Fabricius
2. Gnaptor, Megerle. Hungary P. Levigata, Fabricius.
3. Leptomorpha,Falderman. |} China Lep. Chinensis, Falderman.
4. Eleodes, Eschcholtz. Chili El. Dentipes, Eschcholtz.
5. Xysta, Eschcholtz. Mexico Xys. Gravida, Guerin,
6. Dolichoderus, Klug. Madagascar D. Acuminatus, Klug.
7. Nycteropus, Klug. Madagascar Nyc. Ebeninus, Klug.
8. Pseudoblaps, Guerin. Bengal Ps. Substriatus, Guerin.
9. Nyctoporis, Eschcholtz. | California N. Cristata, Eschcholtz. 10. Gonopus, Fischer. P.B.S. Blaps Tibialis, Fabricius 11. Anthrasomus, Guerin. Chili An, Chevrolatii, Guerin, 12. Misolampus, Latreille. Portugal Pim. Gibbula, Herbst.
13. Acanthomerus, Latreille. | P. B. 8. Pim. Gratilla, Herbst.
14 (ireionece ae eh Chili Hel. Arenosus, Guerin.
15. Nictipates, De Jean. Turcomania Nyc. Carinata, De Jean. 16. Tagona, Fischer. S. Russia T, Acuminata, Fischer.
17, Nycterinus, Eschcholtz. | Chili — N. Thoracicus, Eschcholtz. 18. Amatodes, De Jean. Guinea Pim. Gemmata, Fabricius. 19. Acanthopus, Megerie. Italy Blaps. Caraboides, Germar. 20. Platyscelis, Latreitle. S. Russia P. Hypolithos, Pallas.
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To the above twenty genera several others might be added; the characters of them, however, are not yet published. I most willingly leave the task in the hands of Monsieur Solier, who seems to have studied the Heteromera more thoroughly than any Entomologist living. If some of his differences are not admitted because they are slight, it does not detract from the merit of the writer, who seems to have undertaken a most laborious task, and to have grappled fairly with it. We most sincerely hope to see the completion of the Heteromera, and anxiously wish that health may be allowed him to finish them. Next to the Curculionidze of Schonherr, the Heteromera of Solier is the most satisfactory undertaking of modern days, with regard to ento- mological works.
SPECIES OF Faprician Buaps.
Sp. 5. Spinipes.— This insect belongs to the genus Pelorus of Bonelli, one of the Zabridze.
Se. 7. Tenebrosa.—EKither a Zabrus or a Pelorus of Bonelli. This insect apparently is unknown to the French and English Entomologists.
Sp. 8. Buprestoides—I suspect that this insect is a gigantic species of Tagenia, and that its true locality is the East Indies, and not the Cape of Good Hope.—Vid. Pallas Icon. 2. 719. 44.
Sp. 9.10. 11. and 12.—Belong to the family of Pedinide of Latreille.
Sp. 13. Tibialis—It appears doubtful if this is
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the same insect mentioned by Linneus in the Systema. Vide page 678, Sp. 37.
Se. 14. Crenata.—This insect apparently is a Platynotus.
Sp. 15. Glabra.—Now a Crypticus; one of the Opatride.
Sp. 16. 17. and 18.—The first is a Blapstinus of De Jean; Clathratus is an Opatrinus of the same author, and Metallicus most likely belongs to the
same genus.
Tenesrio, Fabricius.
TENEBRIONIDE, Leach.
TENEBRIONIDEA, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Upis, Fabricius. Russia T. Ceramboides, Linneus.
2. Calcar, Latreille. Sicily C. Elongatus, Herbst.
3. Arthrodactyla, Klug. Madagascar A. Elongata, Klug,
4. Tenebrio, Linneus. England T. Obscurus, Linneus.
5. Nyctobates, Guerin. Brazil Ten. Gigas, Linneus.
6. Penthicus, Falderman. Turcomania Pen. Pinguis, Falderman.
7. Odontopus, Silberman. Guinea Odon. Costatus, Silberman.
8. Scoteus, Hope. Java Se. Corallipes, Hope.
9. Heterotarsus, Latreille. Senegal H. Tenebroides, Guerin. 10. Plateia, De Haan. Java Pl. Orientalis, De Haan. 1l. Epitragus, Latreille. Cayenne Ep. Fuscus, Latreille.
12. Monomma, Klug. Madagascar M. Irroratum, Klug.
13. Baryscelis, Boisduvai. New Holland B. Laticollis, De Jean.
14. Metallonotus, Gray. Guinea M. Denticollis, Gray. #15, Cyphaleus, Hope. New Holland C. Rugosus, Hope,
16. Phymatodes, De Jean. S. America L. Tuberculata, Fabricius. 17. Tauroceras, Hope. Smyrna T. Cornutus, Fabricius.
* From xv@adeos, gibbosus.
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To the above genera many others might be added, and I think the Chiroscelidze of some authors cannot be separated from the Tenebrionidee. The following genera compose the family :
CuHIROSCELIDE, Gory.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Orthocerus, Latreiile. Paris Orth, Clavicornis, Linneus. 2. Corticus, Latreille. Dalmatia C. Celtis, De Jean. 3. Chiroscelis, Lamarck. Guinea P. Digitatus, Fabricius. 4. Prioscelis, Hope Sierra Leone P, Fabricii, Hope. 5. Toxicum, Latreiile. East Indies T. Richesianum, Latreiéle. 6. Phrenapates, Kirby. Colombia P. Bennetii, Kirby. 7. Boros, Herbst. Sweden Hyp. Boros, Fabricius.
I purposely refrain from adding to the above genera, which might easily be done from the various forms pertaining to the Tenebrionidz. [I have not quoted in the Heteromera various references to works in which much interesting matter is to be found. Monsieur Solier no doubt will, at the conclusion of his task, give us ample references; in the meantime I refer the reader to the Introduc- tion of the modern classification of Insects, (Vol. I., 1839), by J. O. Westwood, Esq., whose Biblio- eraphical References merit great praise, and evince a more thorough acquaintance with Entomological Authors than can be derived from any other sys- tematic work yet published. I have omitted the families of Nyctelidz, Tentyride, and Tagenide ; for the genera composing them the reader is referred to Soler, in the Annales of the Entomological
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Society of France; to the Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules, par Laporte de Castelneau ; and also to Eschcholtz’s Zoologischer Atlas. With respect to the habits and localities of many of the Melasomata, Monsieur Lacordaire has given us several interesting observations in the Ann. Soc. Ent. de France for 1837, vid. page 247.
FABRICIAN SPECIES OF TENEBRIO.
Sp. 6. Serratus.—Now a Prioscelis Mihi, from the Greek, zpiw and oxeAos, It will be seen at one glance by referring to the details of Chiroscelis, given among the figures, that Prioscelis differs with the former genus in many points. The Baron De Jean gives the name of Iphius to a species named Serratus by Fabricius; but as no characters are yet published, and the name in his Catalogue, like many others, are merely manuscript names, I cannot adopt them. The following peculiarities will enable any one to separate it from Chiroscelis.
Priosceuis, Hope.
Caput magnum antennis moniliformibus, arti- culis quinque ultimis magnitudine increscentibus et pubescentibus, ultimo elongato apice conico. Thorax antice et postice latitudini sequalis, late- ribus extrorsum convexis. Elytra sicut in Chiroscele. Femora canaliculata bina antica incrassata, den- ticulata mediis postice foveatis et subdenticulatis, posticts fortiter serratis. Tibte antice incurve sparsim dentatze. Mediis fere rectis, postice in-
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crassatis et dentatis. Posticis valde incurvis, cla- vatis et intus fortiter serratis. Habitat in Sierra Leona. This remarkable insect I purchased at Lee’s sale; it was labelled by Fabricius as a New
Genus. The Serratus of the same author is a
pigmy compared with it; and as it appears un- described I name it Fabricii, in honour of that illustrious Entomologist.
Prioscetis Fasricii, Hope.
Long. Lin. 18, Lat. Lin.’7. Ater, thorace glabro, elytris elongatis et striatis, tibiis incurvis et serratis.
Antenné moniliformes extrorsum crassiores arti- culis quinque ultimis magnitudine increscentibus et fusco pubescentibus. Caput postice rugosum antice tuberculo fere medio conspicuum. Thorax mar- ginatus glaber. Hlytra elongata striatopunctata. Corpus infra nigrum femoribus anticis incrassatis canaliculatis et dentatis Tibize antice et posticze incurve, mediis fere rectis. In Museo Dom. Hope, Habitat in Sierra Leona. The Iphius serratus of De Jean is quite a distinct species, differing greatly in its thorax, sculpture, and in various other points.
Se. 7, Digitatus.—Type of the genus Chiroscelis of Lamarck. This species, or one closely allied to it, has been stated to occur in New Holland. I doubt its occurrence in that locality, possessing a very extensive collection from that quarter, and never having received anything at all allied to it. I am inclined to doubt the authority.
S
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Sp. 12. Levigatus.—This insect in the Banksian cabinet is an immature specimen. I regard it as an Upis of Fabricius.
Sp. 14. Abbreviatus.—This insect is compared by Olivier with Ten. Atratus. From the descrip- tion given by Fabricius I am inclined to consider it as a female of a species of Toxicum. The loca- lities mentioned by Olivier are East Indies and the South of France; if belonging to the former it is a Toxicum, if to the latter, it is probably a Pandarus.
Sp. 16. Cornutus.—I have thought proper to constitute this insect the type of a distinct genus, which I have denominated Tauroceras, from Tavpos and xepas, The following brief characters will separate it from Tenebrio or Upis.
Tavuroceras, Hope.
Caput bicorne antennis moniliformibus. Thorax marginibus crenatis, antice angulis prominentibus, ultimis articulis subrotundatis, seu subcornutis, late- ribus serratis. Femora antica crassiora, posticis eequalibus tibiisq: subincurvis, Faemina differt capite inarmato,. thorace angulis anticis fortiter dentatis. The species is already described by Fabricius under the name of Cornutus.
Sp. 18. Mruginosus.—Still a Tenebrio. AXrugi- neus and Cyanipes of Weber are merely synonyms of this species.
Sp. 22. Brunneus.—The figure of this insect in Herbst would lead one to imagine it a species of
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Parandra; I am inclined however to consider it either as a Tenebrio or a large species of Uloma. Westermann says it is an Adelphus of De Jean. Se. 28. Chrysomelinus.—Apparently this insect belongs to the genus Alphitophagus of Stephens. Sp. 29. Villosus—t'abricius says of this insect, “species Mihi, haud rite nota.” It probably belongs to a new genus. No reference is made to it in Schonherr that can satisfactorily determine it.
Trocosita, Fabricius.
e
Trocositipz, Mihi.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Trogosita, Fabricius. Guinea T. Varia, Fabricius.
2. Temnoscheila, Gray. S. America T. Splendens, Gray.
3. Lepidopteryx, Hope. New Holland T. Squamosa, Gray.
4, Prostomis, Latreiille. Germany T. Mandibularis, Fabricius. 5. Anisoceras, Westwood. P.B.S. An. Carinatus, Westwood. 6. Passandra, Dalmann. Guinea P. Gigas, Fabricius.
7. Bius, De Jean. Sweden T. Thoracicus, Fabricius.
To the above genera others might be added, particularly some new forms from New Holland. I have given the name of Lepidopteryx to the genus which contains the species named Squamosa. The details will be found accurately figured in Grifhth’s Entomology, plate 75, figures 4.
Fasrictan Troaosirs, Sp. 1. Retusa.—Now an Uloma of Megerle. The locality of Fabricius is Sumatra; according to De Jean it is from Cayenne.
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Sp. 2. Varia.—According to Westermann this insect is a Temnoscheila of Gray.
Sp. 5. Picipes.—Probably a Boros of Herbst. The locality mentioned in the Systema Eleuthera- torum is Guinea; in the Supplement it is changed to Europe.
Se. 7. Thoracica. According to the Baron De Jean this is the type of his genus Bius. I am doubtful if the details are yet published ; the name should be changed to Bia to agree with the genera of the family.
Se. 10. Hlongata. — Either a Languiria or a Colydium; if from Sumatra it is the former, and if from Europe it is of the latter genus.
Sp. 11. Bicolor.—Illiger regards this insect as a Colydium ; Latreille ranks it as a Languiria.
Spe. 12. Filiforme.—Certainly a Colydium. The Fabrician locality is Sumatra. I have given Sweden with a query attached to it as its country. Is Coly- dium an Oriental Genus ?
Spe. 13. Calcar.— Now the type of De Jean’s genus Calcar. The specific name of elongatus first — used by Herbst should be adopted.
Sp. 17 and 18.—Both of these insects belong to the genus Temnoscheila.
Sp. 19. 4-guttata.—In the tables I have recorded this insect as a Trogosita; Westermann believes it to be of the same genus. —
Sp. 24 and 25.—These insects belong to a new genus, at present undescribed.
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Hevors, Fabricius.
Hetoripz, Leach.
Hetopowea, Hope.
Genera.
. Camaria, Serville. | Campsia, Serville.
eres, Perty. Ryssocheton, Gray.
. Spheniscus, Airby. . Cnodalium, Gray.
oo =
Hegemona, Gory.
. Pecilesthus, De Jean. . Strongylium, Kirby.
. Pyganisia, Castelneau. . Preugena, Gory.
— me = ©
. Helops, Fabricius.
. Hedyphanes, Fischer. . Amphidora, Esch.
. Penthe, Newman.
. Stenochia, Kirby.
. Arthromacra, Kirby.
. Cyphonotus, Guerin. . Acanthopus, Latreiile.
Ce ee el oe eed SSE ot aAnPRr DN
Spherotus, Kirby.
. Phytophilus, Guerin. . Apocrypha, Esch.
' 23. Lena, Latreiile. Pytho, Latreille. Goniadera, Perty.
. Acropteron, Perty.
. Lyprops, Hope.
- Scotodes, Esch.
29. Atractus, MacLeay. . Prostenus, Latreidle. . Meracantha, Kirby.
wo w no =
wnwnnns dD oan ann >
ww = OS
. Amarygmus, Dalmann.
Country.
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
| Brazil | S. America | Mexico
Brazil
| Brazil? | Cayenne | Senegal
England
| S. Russia
| California
| N. America | Brazil
| Canada
| Chili
| Coromandel | Java
| Brazil
| Chili
| California
| Vienna
France Brazil Brazil
East Indies
Livonia
| New Holland
Brazil
'| Canada
Typical Species.
C. Nitida, Serville. C. Irrorata, Dalmann.
B. Okeni, Perty.
Sp. Erotyloides, Kirby. C. Nodosum, Gray.
H. Resplendens, Gory.
E. Fasciatus, Fabricius. S. Chaleonotum, Kirby. H. Undatus, Fabricius. P. Marginata, Fabricius. H. Ceruleus, Fabricius. H. Upiodes, Falderman. Am. Littoralis, Eschch. H. Obliquatus, Fabricius. Sten. Rufipes, Kirby. Arth. Donacioides, Kirby. C. Dromedarius, Gray. A. Dentipes, Fabricius. Am. Aineus, Dalmann. Sp. Curvipes, Kirby.
P. Helopioides, Guerin. Ap. Anthicoides, Eschch. H. Pimelia, Fabricius.
P. Ceruleus, Fabricius. G. Crenata, Perty.
A. Rufipes, Perty.
L. Chrysophthalmus, Hope. S. Annulatus, Esch.
A. Viridis, MacLeay.
H. Equestris, Fabricius. Mer. Canadensis, Kirby.
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To the above thirty genera several others might be added ; till however, Helops is fairly grappled with, and treated of in the way that the Melasomata are by Solier; the above genera may be regarded as giving a very imperfect outline of the various forms composing it. The Helopoidea may be subdivided into the following six families, if not more; namely, the Helopidze, stelidze, Cisteliade, Serropalpide, Aidemeridze, and Rhinosimidee ; Mr. Kirby adds also the Stenochiadz. It will be seen from the above short statement that I do not adopt Solier's other divisions of the Heteromera, as I think they may be greatly improved upon, nor am I disposed alto- gether to abandon the remaining Latreillian divisions named by him Taxicornes, Trachelidze, and Stene- lytra. Of the two arrangements I certainly prefer Latreille’s to that of Solier; both however require to be studied with still greater attention, and if it is not saying too much, require reconstructing afresh.
FABRICIAN SPECIES OF HEtops.
Sp 3. Metallicus——Now of the genus Preeugena of Laporte de Castelneau. The characters are de- tailed at page 241 in the Hist. Nat. des Animaux Articules, par Laporte. The true locality is Guinea, and not South America.
Sp. 4. Aineus.—Now a Camaria of Serville. This insect appears to be the same as Upis enea of Herbst.
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Sp. 7. Micans.—Helops vittatus of Olivier, is a synonym of this species.
Sp. 10. Haxcavatus.—This and the former species, if not belonging to Przeugena, appear from the description to constitute a sub-genus. De Jean’s name of Zophobas is only a manuscript name; and Westerman asserts that Iphthinus excavatus is un- doubtedly the same insect.
Sp. 12. Morbillosus—Now a Cnodalon of La- treille, who has changed the specific name to Viridis.
Sp. 13. Cyanipes —I have considered this species as belonging to Amarygmus of Dalmann. Wester- mann regards it as a Stenochia of Kirby.
Sp. 15. Cyanicollis.— Westermann informs me this insect is a Stenochia; I regard it as an Ama- rygmus.
Sp. 16. Abdominalis.— The above authority is inclined to make this species a Mycetocharus of Latreille. |
Sp. 18. Hemorrhoidalis—Now a Stenochia of Kirby. Fabricius mentions India as its locality ; Mr. Kirby informs us that it is from the Brazils.
Sp. 19. Calcaratus.— Fabricius says ‘“ Habitat in America,” believing it to be a true Acanthomera. I change the country, as I suspect it to come from the Cape of Good Hope.
Sp. 20. Viridis.—According to the Copenhagen collection this species is a Strongylium of Kirby.
Spe. 23. Fasciculatus.—In the description of the
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species read elytris lazevibus, instead of elytris brevibus.
Spe. 28. Dentatus——Westermann assures me that dentatus is the type of a new genus; it is closely allied to Ipthinus of De Jean, but is distinct.
Sp. 32. Picicornis.— An Hegeter of Latreille ? ~Heg. Striatus of Latreille is certainly the same insect according to some authorities.
Se. 33. Rufipes.—This insect for the present may be recorded as a Helops, although it deviates from the type. The specimen is in too mutilated a state to describe.
Spe. 35, Capensis.—An Eurynotus of Kirby. The specimen in the Royal Copenhagen Museum was given by Paykull himself, according to Wester- mann's testimony.
Sp. 40. Obliquatus.—The characters of this genus will be found in the 5th Volume of the Entomo- logical Magazine, p. 373, described by Mr. New- man under the name of Penthe Funerea. The specific name of Fabricius should be retained.
Sp. 48. Cyaneus.—This insect, on examination, turned out to be Helodes Violacea.
Metanpreya, Fabricius.
Melandrya is a genus belonging to the Serro- palpidz. ‘There are only four species recorded by Fabricius, the last of which must be considered as a Goniadera, one of the genera of Helopide. |
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Cierus, Fabricius.
This Fabrician genus now belongs to the family of Notoxide Mihi, the following genera pertaining toit. It seems probable that the Clerus spinosus, of Fabricius, is a Priocera of Latreille.
Notoxip&, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1, Notoxus, Fabricius. New Zealand N. Porcatus, Fabricius. 2. Opilus, Latreiile. England O. Mollis, Linneus. Clerus, Fabricius. re La ge Se 3. ue eecims, Larreille. England Mutillarius, Fabricius. 4. Stigmatium, Gray. Singapore S. Cicindeloides, Hope. 5. Denops, Steven. Caucasus D. Longicollis, Steven. Trichodes, Fabricius. Hone : 6. Gienie Latreilie: England T. Apiarius. Linneus. 7. Pachyscelis, Hope. Barbary C. Ammios, Fabricius.
Omadius of Laporte and Tenerus of the same author are unknown to me.—Vid. Revue Entp. 141.
It is not my intentoin to add any additional genera to this family, although I possess several new forms. Professor Klug has lately presented to the Academy of Sciences of Berlin a memoir on the systematic distribution of the species composing this group; till it reaches me I defer stating my opinion on this and the allied family of Tillide. I have scarcely a remark to make on the Fabrician species, excepting that Clerus spinosus may be the type of a distinct genus.
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Tittus, Fabricius.
Tituipa, Mihi.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
I. Cylidrus, Latreiile. Isle of Bourbon | T. Cyaneus, Fabricius.
2. Tillus, Fabricius. England T. Elongatus, Linneus.
3. Tilloides, Laporte. England T. Unifasciatus. Fabricius. 4, Cymatodera, Gray. Mexico C. Hope:, Gray.
5. Callitheres, Latreiile. Madagascar C. Joannisil, Petit.
6. Priocera, Kirby. Brazil P. Variegata, Kirby.
7. Axina, Kirby. Brazil Ax. Analis, Kirby.
8. Eurypus, Kirby. Brazil Eu. Rubens, Azrby.
9. Mydriacis, Schonherr. Sierra Leone Myd. Preusta, Schonherr. 10. Epiphleus, De Jean. Cayenne Ep. Pantherinus, De Jean.
To the above genera I might add several from the East Indies and New Holland, which are pro- bably unknown to the Continent; when I receive Professor Klue’s Memoir | shall be able probably to contribute some little to a better acquaintance of the species of this neglected family. The genera named Sodamus, Pallenis, and Natalis, have not fallen under my notice, nor am I enabled to give the typical species recorded by Leconte, not having yet seen the publication, which I believe will be found in Silbermann’s Entomological Review.
FasriciAN SPECIES OF TILLUs.
Instead of making any remarks on the species generally, it is only necessary to state that Species 2, 3, and 5, belong at present to Enoplium of Latreille, and the remainder to Tillus.
Say
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Tricuopes, Fabricius.
Trichodes belongs to the family of Cleridze. F'a- bricius mentions only nine species. One named Ammios | make the type of my genus Pachyscelis, from IIaXvus and oxeAos, the posterior legs being re- markably incrassated. Species 8 is the type of La- treille’s genus Cylidrus. To the Cleride may also be added the genera Corynetes, Notostenus, Enoplium, and a new genus named Platynoptera, by Monsieur Chevrolat. As I have no observations to make on the species of the following genera Corynetes and Notoxus, I pass on to Anthicus of Fabricius.
Anruicus, Mabrictus. AnTHICIDE, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. is Anthicus, Fabricius. England An. Antherinus, Linneus. 2° Monoceras, Megerle. England Ant. Vulgaris, Hope. 3. Anthelephilus, Hope. East Indies Ant. Cyaneus, Hope. 4, Aderus, Westwood. England Ad. Boleti, Marsham. 5. Xylophilus, Latreid/e. England Xyl. Populneus, Eschcholtz. 6. Euglenes, Westwood. Engiand Eu. Oculatus, Paykull. ca He cccat : oer. England Ant, 2-punctatus, Fabricius, 8. Scraptia, Latreclle. England Sc. Fusca, Latreille. 9. Steropes, Steven. Caspian Shores St. Caspius, Steven.
FABRICIAN SPECIES OF ANTHICUS.
Sp. 1. Monoceros.—The attached specific name is now given by Megerle as a generic one; and for the type of the genus, the name of Vulgaris may be applied.
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Sp. 5. Ruficollis.—According to information re- ceived from Westermann, the species of Fabrician Anthicus, (numbered 5, 6, 7, and 8,) will even- tually belong to a genus mediate between Statyra and Lagria.
Sp. 6. Hulvicollis.—It seems probable that this insect is an Anthelephilus, Mihi; and if so, the locality will be in the East Indies, and not in South America.
Sp. 9. Masciatus.—Westermann informs me by letter that the above species is a minute and pretty species of Clerus.
Sp. 11. 2-punctatus—Now a Crypta of Kirby, whose name is prior to that of Boudier. The latter writer has given us the term Psammechus. In the third volume of the Annales de la Societe Ento- mologique de France, the generic details will be found, to which is added also a coloured figure of the insect.—Vid. page 267, pl. 7, (b).
Sp. 20, 21, 22, and 23,— Belong to families Scydmeenide and Pselaphide.
Psoa, Fabrictwus.
There are only two species mentioned by Fa- bricius of this genus, and from the description of the latter | am inclined to consider it as pertaining to another genus. Westermann informs me that Psoa Americana is a Languiria of Latreille.
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Cantuaris, Fabricius.
The term Cantharis should be retained for those Insects which are vesicatory; I have therefore used the term employed by De Geer and Olivier, namely,
Telephorus. The following genera compose the family :— Tevepuorus, Degeer. TELEPHORIDs, Leach. Genera. Country. Typical Sprcies. 1 Drilus, Olivier. England D. Flavescens, Fabricius. °'\ Cochleoctonus, Mielz. Dalmatia eee Ss 2. Malacogaster, Rossi. Sicily Mal. Passerinii, Rossi. Rhagonychus, Fischer. | Europe Tel. Alpinus, Paykull. ‘| Ischnomera, Stephens. England Isch. Melanura, Fabricius. 4, Telephorus, De Geer. Europe Tel. Fuscus, Linneus. 5. Malthacus, Kirby. N. America Mal. Puncticollis, Kirby. 6. Brachynotus, Kirby. Massachusetts Br. Bennetii, Kirby. 7. Callianthia, De Jean. N. America C. Marginata, Fabricius. 8. Prionocera, Perty. Senegal P. Ceruleipennis, Perty. 9. Idgia, Laporte. Senegal I. Terminata, Laporte. 10. Tylocerus, Dalmann. Antilles T. Crassicornis, Dalmann. 11. Anisotelus, Hope. Nepal An. Lividus, Hope. 2. Cantharodema, Gory. N. America C, Marginipennis, Gory.
Calochrosis, Hope. 14, Silis, Latreclle. 15. Malthinus, Latreiile.
12. 13: enieceieas, 3 Guerin.
New Guinea
Dalmatia Paris
C. Glaucoptera, Guerin.
S. Rubricollis, Charpentier. M. Flavus, Latreille.
Other genera will be found inserted in various catalogues; as however | have reason to think their anatomical characters remain unpublished, I have not inserted them. The genus thirteen, named Calochromus by Guerin, is too closely allied to Callichroma, one of the Longicornes; I suggest therefore the adoption of the name of Calochrosis.
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REMARKS ON THE FOREGOING SPECIES.
Sp. 6. Viridescens.— This species appears to be the same as species 15. The locality of the Cape of Good’ Hope is correct, although Olivier states that it occurs in the Brazils.
Sp. 15. Smaragdula. — Vid. Species 6. Change the country of Brazils to that of the Cape of Good Hope.
Sp. 22. Diadema.—A Podabrus of Dr. Fischer. I consider this insect as an Ischnomerus of Stephens. If Dr. Fischer published before Mr. Stephens, his name should be adopted.
Sp. 32. Dimidiata.—According to the Baron De Jean the locality of this Telephorus is the Cape of Good Hope, and not Ceylon.
Sp. 37. Abbreviata.—I regard this species as a Malthinus, and probably Species 39 belongs to the same genus.
Sp. 45. Vittata.—Probably a Necydalis.—Vid. Illiger’s Mag. page 380-43, note.
Sp. 51. Minima.—I have in the tables recorded this species as a Malthinus of Latreille. It may probably be a Malachius.
Matacuius, Fabricius.
Some Entomologists consider Malachius as en- titled to rank as a family, the genera composing it being Malachius of Fabricius, and Laius of Guerin. I consider these genera merely as Melyridee, and
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connect them with that family; and as there are no observations to make on the species, I proceed onwards to Melyris.
Metyrive, Kirby.
Me tyrrs, Fabricius.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Malachius, Fabricius. Guinea Mal. Pulcher, Fabricius. 2, Laius, Guerin. New Holland Mal. Heterocerus, Boisduval. 3. See ee Shes hens. England Aploc. Impressus, Marskam. 4, Enicopus, Stephens. England Dasy. Ater, Fabricius, 5. Dasytes, Fabricius. England Dasy. Niger, Linneus. 6. Dolichosoma, Stephens. | England Dasy. Linearis, Eschcholtz. 7. Melyris, Fabricius. PBS. Mel. Viridis, Fabricius. 8. Zygia, Latreille. S. France Z. Oblonga, Fabricius. 9. Polycaon, Gory. Chili P. Chilensis, Gory. 10. Pelecophorus, De Jean. Mauritius Pel. Illiger, Schonherr. 11. Chauliognathus, DeGeer. | N. America Ch. Pensylvanicus, De Geer.
As there are no observations worth recording relating to the Fabrician species, | proceed to the next genus Dermestes.
Dermestes, Linneus.
Dermestipa, Leach.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1, Dermestes, Fabricius. England D. Lardarius, Linneus. 2. Tiresias, Stephens. England D. Serra, Fabricius. 3. Attagenus, Latreiile. England D. Pellio, Linneus. 4. Megatoma, Herbst. England D. Undatus, Linneus. 5. Trogoderma, Latreiile. Germany A. Elongatulus, Fabricius. 6. Pristoderus, Hope. New Holland D. Scaber, Fabricius. Globicornis, Latreille. es roceras: Hope. France D. Rufitarsis, Panzer.
a
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The above genera belong to the Dermestide, a family closely allied to the Byrrhida. Arranged under that term will be found various other genera, which are noted in the tables. Dermestes, like Helops of the same author, appears to have been a Magazine genus for any remarkable variation of form; in proof of which I mention that the genera Cryptophagus, Byturus, and Engis, belong to Engidze, Corticaria and Sylvanus to the Silva- nidz ; Biphyllus is allied to Mycetophagus, Crypta to Anthicus, Cis to the Bostrichidze, Catheretes to Nitidula; and as to Throscus, an insect which has much perplexed Entomologists, I locate it with the Elateride, others place it with the Byrrhide, and some like Fabricius along with Dermestes: as to its power of leaping there cannot exist a doubt; the meaning of Throscus implies it; and if other testimony besides that of Gyllenhal is required, I may state that I have frequently seen them jump; they do not however spring repeatedly like the Ela- teridze: in habits they are certainly more sluggish than the Skipper Beetles, and frequently will not move when touched,
FABRICIAN SpEcIES OF DERMESTES.
Sp. 3. Cadaverinus—The locality mentioned by Fabricius is St. Helena. I have received it from the Cape of Good Hope and from St. Domingo, and there can be little doubt that it will occur in various other countries, as it is carried in shipping to various parts of the Old as well as the New World.
145 Sp. 12. Vulpinus.—Originally perhaps peculiar to Europe. It appears at present in North and ‘South America, and is not unfrequent at Singapore, Bombay, Calcutta, and the Cape; its range is nearly universal.
Sp. 17. Lycoperdi,—Now a Cryptophagus. For an account of the Bavarian species of this genus the reader is referred to Gistl’s Faunus, Erster Band, page 112. Mr, Kirby, in his Fauna Boreali Ameri- cana, elevates Cryptophagus to the rank of a family.
Sp. 19. 2-punctatus.—This is now a Crypta of Kirby, one of the genera belonging to the Anthicidee ; it is also called Psammechus by Boudier. This insect has been supposed to be only a variety of Byturus tomentosus of Latreille; the variety is evidently distinct, and is probably the type of Mr. Kirby’s genus Mycetza, one of the Engide.
Sp. 23. Muscus.—Although I agree with other writers in considering this insect as a Throscus, I note that Westermann believes it to be a Cis, and no other species than Cis Boleti, according to his expression.
Sp. 32. Scaber.—I make this the type of a new genus, which I denominate Pristoderus, from pisos serra sectus et dSepy collum.
PristopEervus, Hope.
Totum corpus supra scabritie tectum. Caput antice rotundatum, antennis perfoliatis. Thorasx fere semicircularis dilatatus, angulis anticis porrectis et acutis, posticis rotundatis et serratis. Scutelium
U
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rotundatum. Elytra thorace, duplo longiora, scabra, pedibus modicis. The type is the only insect of the genus that is known; it is from New Holland, and for the present is ranged with the Dermestidee.
Sp. 33. Chinensis.—This insect is about the size of Colobicus marginatus, and appears to be allied to the genus Coxelus of Ziegler. It is in too bad a state to describe.
Sp. 34. Sublerraneus.—Fabricius says respect- ing this species ‘‘ affinis certe D. Chinensi, at testa- ceus, et elytra minus striata ;” but Schonherr regards it as a Cryptophagus.
_ Sp. 36. Limbatus.—This insect evidently belongs
to an unknown genus, and is allied to Latridius. There is a figure of it in Olivier. ‘The specimen in the Banksian collection is too imperfect to dissect and describe.
Sp. 45. Brachypterus.—Erichson is inclined to consider this species a Proteinus, one of Staphili- nidz I regard it as a Cateretes, one of the Nitidulids,
Anosium, Fabricius.
Anobium is a genus belonging at present to the Ptinidae. Some species of Cis Latreille, have been confounded with Anobium ; they are however essen- tially distinct. As there are no observations on the species worth recording, I pass on to Ptinus of Fabricius.
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Prinus, Fabrictus.
Printiv#, Leach.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Xyletinus, Latreille. Germany Xyl. Pectinatus, Fabricius. 2. Ptilinus, Fabricius. England Ptil. Pectinicornis, Fab. 3. Ptinus, Linneus. England Ptin. Imperialis, Linneus. 4. Mezium, Leach.. England Mez. Sulcatum, Fabricius. 5. Gibbium, Kugellan. England Gib. Scotias, Fabricius.
6. Lasioderma, Stephens, London Las. Testaceum, Stephens. 7. Dorcatoma, Herbst. Saxony Dor. Dresdense, Fabricius. 8. Anobium, Fabricius. England Anob. Tessellatum, Fab.
9. Ochina, Ziegler. England Och. Ptinoides, Marsham. 10. Hedobia, Ziegler. Austria Hed. Pubescens, Fabricius, 11. Dryophilus, Westwood. | England Dry. Anobioides, Chevrolat.
The above genera belong to the Ptinidze, and on examining the tables of the species we have to notice two genera which appear quite out of place ; the first is Luperus of Geoffroy, allied to Galleruca, and the second Mastigus, which is a genus mediate between the Pelaphidze and Scydmeenide. As most of the Ptinide are well known, allusion is made to a few mentioned species. Mezium sulca- tum of Leach is probably an imported insect. Gibbium Scotias is found in various parts of Europe. At Vienna I took some hundreds of them at the London Hotel in that city; they were feeding on the size, or glutinous substance, which had fastened the paper to the walls. My friend Sir Gardner Wilkinson, the celebrated Egyptian traveller, sent me many specimens found in one of the pyramids of Egypt: amongst the dust sent with them, there
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were relics of some thousand specimens. The species appears to differ from those we find in England. I have received others, which are undescribed, from the Island of St. Vincent, and elso from Singapore and Assam. Anobium Capense of Fabricius, is probably only a variety of Anob. Panicum.
Sarrotrum, Habricius.
There is only one species belonging to this genus, and great difference of opinion exists amongst Entomologists as to its true locality. Mr. Stephens, in his catalogue, places it at the head of the Hete- romera, in the family of the Tenebrionidee. The Baron De Jean places it between Hypophleus and Corticus, genera of the Taxicornes; with the latter arrangement there appears to me very little aflinity.
Prininus, Fabricius.
Ptilinus of Fabricius includes under that head four genera; two of them, namely, Ptilinus and Xyletinus belong to the Ptinidee, Rhipicera to a family named Rhipiceridz by Laporte de Castel- neau, and Drilus, which we have already classed amongst the Telephoride. For observations on the Rhipiceridze consult the Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules, par Laporte, Vid. vol. 1, p. 255. The only remark to be made on any of the species mentioned by Fabricius is that of Flavescens, which is parasitic on snails in its larval state, by Mielzinsky, it is denominated Cochleoctonus. The name of Drilus ought to be adopted. The next genus to
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~Ptilinus, is Dorcatoma of Fabricius, which is in- cluded in the family of Ptinidze; then follows Melasis of the Eucnemidz. Only two species are recorded, one of them being the type of the genus, while the other evidently belongs to the genus Rhipicera, previously mentioned. The locality of the Cape of Good Hope is erroneous, as Rhipicera Mystacina only inhabits New Holland. As Parnus is already treated of, we pass on to
Necrornorus, Fabricius. Necropuorip#, Kirby. Enrapara, Kirby.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Necrophorus, Fabricius. | England Nec. Germanicus, Fab. 2. Hypocephalus,Desmarest. | Brazil Hyp. Armatus, Desmar. 3. Cyrtoscelis, Hope. England N. Vespillo, Fabricius. 4. Diamesus, Hope. Madras. Nec. Osculans, Vigors.
The above genera belong to the Necrophoride. There is reason to think that other genera from Asia, belonging to this family, will shortly be added. The prejudice of caste not allowing the Indians to touch a carcass, is partly the cause of their not being collected, united also with a natural antipathy to insects of such disgusting habits. However much they may be disliked, the functions they perform are very important; for what the vulture leaves when glutted to satiety, these sexton beetles bury in the earth, having previously deposited their ova inthe rapidly decaying carcass. Have we here no
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cause then to admire the preventive wisdom of the Creator in endowing insects with such peculiar instincts in the propagation of their species—in- stincts which, however disregarded by the gene- rality of mankind, can only lead, when properly viewed by individuals, to the adoration of the all-wise and beneficent Governor of the Universe. Instead of commenting on the Fabrician species, I have only one remark to make, and that is, that all the Necrophori may be divided into two sections, those with straight and those with curved tibiz; if this difference is allowed, I suggest the adoption of the term Cyrtoscelis to include those species with bent
tibize, the type of which I consider Necrophorus Vespillo.
SitpHa, Mabricius. SiLpHID#, Leach.
SILPHOIDEA, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Necrodes, Wilkin. England S. Littoralis, Linneus. 2. Ptomaphila, Hope. New Holland Pto. Lachrymosa, Schreibers 3. Oiceoptoma, Leach. England Oic. Thoracica, Fabricius. 4. Necrobora, Hope. Pensylvania S. Americana, Fabricius. 5, Thanatophilus, Leach. England S. Sinuata, Fabricius. 6. Phosphuga, Leach. England S. Atrata, Fabricius. 7. Necrophila, Latreille. Syria S. Subterranea, Illiger. 8. Peltis, Fabricius. Sweden P. Grossa, Fabricius. 9. Spherites, Duffschmidt. | England S. Glabratus, Fabricius. 10. Agyrtes, Frolich. England Myc. Castaneus, Fabricius.
The genera of Silphide will no doubt eventually be considerably increased. In looking to the chief
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catalogues yet published, the Entomologist is struck with the paucity of species, which are described as extra European, that others exist cannot be doubted, and that they will not be found wanting in Africa or Asia | may confidently state from the examina- tion of various continental collections, as well as from numerous undescribed species in my own Museum.
FABRICIAN SPECIES OF SILPHA.
Se. 1. Surinamensis.—Now a Necrodes. Nine species have fallen under my notice, some of them occurring in North as well as South America.
Sp 5. Indica.—This insect appears to be the Ips grandis of Schonherr; I obtained it at Lee’s sale, and therefore cannot doubt of the species.
Sp. 6. Americana.—The name of Necrophilus is used by Latreille for a genus belonging to this family, the type of which is S, Subterranea of Tliger ; I have been compelled therefore to change Mr. Kirby’s name to Necrobora, derived from vexpoBopos mortuos devorans, 1. e. vexpos el Popa,
Sp. 8. Levicollis.—This insect is Heteromerous, and is the type of a genus allied to Asida.
Sp. 22. Dentaia.—Possessing this insect, I have no hesitation in saying that it is a true Peltis.
Sp. 23. Limbata.—From examining this species in the Banksian collection at the Linnean Society, I gave it as a Nitidula.
Sp. 25. Minuta.— I regard this imsect as an Anthobium; Fabricius adds at the end of his description, ‘‘ De Synonymis valde dubito.”
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Pettis, Fabrictus.
This genus I have included along with the Silphide, although Mr. Kirby considers it as a distinct family. Of four species described by Fa- bricius three belong to the genus at present; the fourth is a ‘Thymalus.
Imatipium, Fabricius.
ImatTipiip£, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Imatidium, Fabricius. S. America Im 3-maculatum, Fab. 2. Calopepla, Hope. East Indies C. Leyana, Latreille, 3. Prioptera, Hope. China C. 8-punctata, Fabricius. 4, Hoplionota, Hope. Java C. Echinata, Fabricius. 5. Porphyraspis, Hope. N. America C. Erythrocera, Germar.
The above genera, according to my views, belong to the family Imatidiidee, and others might un- doubtedly be added. It seems remarkable that Fabricius should have located Imatidium between Silpha and Nitidula; as however it is difficult to account for his arrangement in the present instance, I proceed to characterise the genera belonging to the above family.
CatopepLa, Hope.
Typus C. Leyana, Olivier. Caput subrotundatum vertice compresso. Antenne conspicuee Thorace duplo longiores articulis compressis, ultimis externe crassioribus et inter oculos insertis. Thorax brevis
i og AP pee a ie :| TA
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antice valde marginatus, dorso canaliculato. Elytra dilatata, abdomine latiora rugosa, striatopunctata, lineisq. elevatis confusis. In reliquis Calopeplon Imatidio convenit. Habitat in India Orientali.
PriopTtera, Hope.
A new genus allied to Imatidium; the name is derived from zpw and zatepoy, which are singularly serrated at the base of the wings. ‘Type Cassida 8-punctata of Fabricius. Caput parvum postice ro- tundatum antice fovea fortiter impressa. Antenne Thorace longiores articulis vix conspicius. Thorax brevis transversus, convexus et antice valde emargi- natus, postice, margine sinuato. Hlytra thorace latiora, ad apicem increscentia, alz ad humeros sinuate et serratze, et ad sinus thoracis conformate. Corpus infra parvum sub-depressum elytris abdo- mine multo Jatioribus. Pedes breves, femoribus parum incrassatis. Habitat in India Orientali.
Hopxionata, Hope.
Type Cassida Echinata of Fabricius. Caput parvum clypeo emarginato, lateribus parum dilatatis et serratis. Antenne clava elongata, quinque arti- culata, articulis ultimis crassioribus. TZ'horax trans- versus, antice valde emarginatus, lateribus rotun- datis, scabris. Hlytra margine dilatato, in medio emarginata, serrata, spinaq. erecta valida armata, postice carinata. Margo sinuatus et serratus. Habitat in Australasia.
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Porpuyraspis, Hope.
Coccinelliformis et hemeispheerica. Caput pro- minulum canaliculatum. Antenne moniliformes ul- timis articulis sensim crassioribus. Thorax valde emarginatus, supra scutellum productus, truncatus. Elytra gibba, basi profunde emarginata, angulis anticis porrectis, thoracisque latera cingentibus, for- titer punctata seu insculpta. Corpus infra depres- sum, elytris abdomine multo latioribus. Femora parum incrassata tarsis valde dilatatis. Habitat in America Septentrionali. In selecting the above genera I have chiefly directed my attention to country, as it is remarkable that all the species of Imatidium described by Fabricius were from South America. The last which | have characterized is from North America; the rest are from the East
Indies, and to them several others will eventually be added.
Nitipuuta, F'abricins.
Nitiputipz, MacLeay.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Thymalus, Latrezile. England T. Limbatus, Fabricius. 2. Nitidula, Fabricius. Carolina N. Grossa, Fabricius. 3. Colobicus, Latreiile. Paris C. Marginatus, Latrezile. 4. Strongylus, Herbst. England St. Ferrugineus, Fabricius. 5. Cryptarcha, Shuckhard. | England N. Strigata, Fabricius. 6. Psilotus, Fischer. Cayenne Ps. Cornutus, Fischer. 7. Meligethes, Kirby. England N. Rufipes, Fabricius. 8. Campta, Kirby. England N. Lutea, Herbst. 9. Pria, Kirby. England N. Truncatella, Marsham.
10. Carpophilus, Leach. England N. Flexuosus, Fabricius.
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Nitr1puLA— (continued. )
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 11. ee cine England S. Pedicularia, Linneus. 12. Anisocera, Howit. England An. Spiree, Howit. 13. Cormyphora, Laporte. France Cor. Mandibularis, Laporte. 14, Trichopteryx, Azrby. England Tri. Atomaria, De Geer. 15. Micropeplus, Latreiile. England Sta. Porcatus, Paykull. 16. Cerophorus, Laporte. Brazil C. Maxillaris, Laporte.
The above sixteen genera apparently belong to the Nitidulidze, without we separate those named by Laporte, Cormyphora and Cerophorus. The name of Anisocera Howitt, must be changed, as it is previously used by Mr. Westwood.
SPECIES OF FapricrAN NIvripuLe.
Sp. 5. Abbreviata—lIt is likely that this insect belongs to a new genus. I leave it as a Nitidula for the present, the Banksian specimen being too imperfect to describe. Olivier’s figure does not well represent the original insect.
Sp. 23. Discotdes-—Read Discoidea.
Sp. 25. 6-pustulata.—According to Illiger this is Lyctus abbreviatus of Panzer. By the Baron De Jean it is considered as an Ips. Vid. Laporte, p- 11, vol. 2.
Sp. 27. Litura.—According to Llliger this was a Coccinella; it is at present arranged by Mr. Stephens under his genus Rhyzobius.
Sp. 33. Quadrata.—Schonherr refers this species
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to his section, B, elytris, dimidiatis, et quadratis ; therefore if the reference to Dermestes Hemipterus is correct, it evidently belongs to the genus Car- pophilus of Leach.
Sp. 35. Macroptera.— IUlliger thinks that Ma- croptera is a typographical error, and changes the term to Microptera. This insect is compared with Nit. Rupta, ‘“‘Statura Nit. Rupte at paullo minor ;” and most likely therefore it is an Ips of the present day.
Sp. 37. Truncata.—Now a Cateretes of Herbst, and is only a synonym of Cercus Pedicularius, of Fabricius.
CoccInELLaA, Linneus.
The next genus to Nitidula is Heterocerus which has already been treated of; I proceed therefore to Coccinella, which follows it.
CoccInELLA, Linneus. CocciINELLID&, Leach. CoccINELLOIDEA, Hope.
The remaining families likely to fall under our consideration in this fasciculus have been scarcely attended to. The Coccinellide have been appa- rantly carelessly subdivided, and various names are attached to particular genera; ten of them how- ever will stand. As the differences appear in many instances to be of little value, and as the generic characters are not detailed, I cannot adopt names.
Oo vs’aarF WD 20 =
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I shall mention in the following tables types of two or three which merit attention, and must leave others to investigate them more accurately. The follow- ing families, according to my views, belong to the Coccinelloidea, viz. the Coccinellide, Scymnide, and Endomychidz, and to them some writers probably would add the Erotylidw; with that opinion I cannot agree: having bred the larvee of Endomychus, I regard it in habits as a Coccinella, and from my personal observations retain it in this family. ‘The following genera pertain to it, although several others might be added.
CoccinELLip£, Leach
Genera. Country. Typical Species. . Coccinella, Linneus. Brazil C. Marginata, Linneus. . Selenites, Hope. P. B.S. C. Lunata, Fabricius. . Micraspis, Chevrolat. Senegal C. Striata, Fabricius. . Chilochorus, Leach. Brazil C. Cacti, Fabricius. . Epilachna, Chevrolat. N. America C. Borealis, Fabricius. . Lasia, Hope. Paris C. Globosa, Llliger. - Hemispherica, Hope. N. America C, 5-signata, Kirby. a fae a eey, England Sp. Quercus, Leach.
Spherosoma, Kirby.
To the above genera undoubtedly several others might be added; out of the above eight only four are properly characterized; the rest are added provisionally, and of course the individual is en- titled to name them who accurately details them. The Hemispheerica of Kirby appears to form a natural genus. I do not attempt to add general observations of the species, which would lead me
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into a discussion on species and varieties, and shall merely allude therefore to anv remarks relating to a difference of locality, &c.
Sp. 4. Diaphana,—The locality given by Fa- bricius is Denmark; Illiger regards it as coming from Tranquebar.
Sp. 11. Cincta——The number of Species 11 is twice repeated, and Species 13 is omitted; it is easy therefore to rectify the error of the press.
Sp. 14, Impunctata.—This insect I give as the type of the genus Lasia Mihi, better known under the name of Coc. Globosa of [lliger.
Sp. 32. Rivularis—Probably from the Cape of Good Hope, and not from Sweden.
CassipoipEA, Hope.
This important group contains three families; the Imatidiidze, the Mesomphalidee, and Casside ; and as the genera of the first family have been given in a former page, it only remains to add the two following.
Cassip&, Leach.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1, Omoplata, Hope. Brazil C. Marginata, Linneus. 2. Omaspides, Chevrolat. Cayenne C. Transversa, Fabricius. 3. Aspidimorpha, Hope. East Indies C. Miliaris, Fabricius. 4, Asteriza, Chevrolat. St. Domingo C. Flavicornis, Olivier. 5. Thyreaspis, Hope. Cayenne C. 1l-punctata, Fabricius. 6. Cassida, Linneus. England C. Viridis, Fabricius.
The above 6 genera belong to the Cassidze; and the genera 3, 5, and 6, require still further sub-
division I am not certain that the genera named Asteriza and Omaspides are published ; they appear to afford ample characters for sub-division; and for the present, I merely adopt them provisionally.
Omoptata, Hope.
Type of the genus Cassida Marginata of Linneus. Mandibulz, maxilla: et palpi, fere ut in Cassida perforata. Antennee parum compressz, pubescentes, articulo Imo. crasso, 2do. minimo, 3tio. paullo longi- ori, reliquis longitudine fere eequalibus, at extrorsum crassioribus. Thorax antice rotundatus, semicir- cularis, reversus, postice sinuatus, ad suturam con- formatus. Hlytra semicircularia in medio disci elevata, convexa, humeri valde porrecti, lati, haud in spinam producti, apex elytrorum rotundatus. The above name is derived from wyos humerus, and aatus latus.
The characters of Oxynodera and Calaspis will be found at the end of this Fasciculus along with other new genera and species. Omaspidis and As- teriza of Chevrolat, differ in form from Omoplata. Aspidimorpha and Thyreaspis are represented by the Fabrician species C. Miliaris, and 11-punctata. The details of the last will be found in Olivier's work, at Plate 4, Fig. 67, b, Cassida.
Pecitaspis, Hope.
The major part of the species are variegated with. red and yellow.
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MeEsomPHaLip£, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1, Tauroma, Hope. Cuba C. Taurus, Fabricius.
2. Desmonota, Hope. Brazil C. Platynota, Germar.
3. Mesomphalia, Hope. Brazil C. Gibbosa, Fabricius.
4. Oxynodera, Hope. Brazil C. Variegata, Fabricius.
5. Dolichotoma, Hope. Isle St. Vincent | C. Chloris, Hope.
6. Calaspis, Hope. Cayenne C. Grossa, Fabricius.
7, Selenis, Hope. Cayenne C. Perforata, Fabricius.
8. Batonota, Hope. Brazil C. Bidens, Fabricius.
9. Cyphoptera, Hope. St. Domingo C. Ampulla, Olivier. 10. Pecilaspis, Hope. Cayenne C. 16-pustulata Fabricius. 11. Cyphomorpha, Hope. Brazil C. Gibba, Fabricius.
The above genera belong to the Mesomphalide. With regard to Mesomphalidze, it might still further be sub-divided into three, if not four sub-genera, a task I willingly leave to others. The next genus I describe and name, is Pecilaspis, from moixtAos and acme scutum, as the major part of the species are variegated with red and orange spots. The following characters sufficiently separate it from its allied genera. ‘‘ Antenne submoniliformes, com- presse. Thorax semicircularis lateribus utrinque rotundatis, elytris haud sequalibus postice sinuatis. ilytra convexa, thorace latiora, humeris prominen- tibus et tuberculatis; apex elytrorum rotundatus. Prosternum in medio fortiter impressum.*
* For an account of Cassida generally, and for the details of six new genera, the reader is referred to the Annals of Natural History, No. 15, published in 1839.
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Avorium, Fabricius.
This genus seems to connect the Cassidze and Gallerucidz, and appears rightly located by Fabri- clus. The major part of the species belong to the East Indies; some few of them inhabit Africa and New Guinea. Two are recorded also, as occurring in Australia. As any remarks on the species are scarcely worthy of notice, I pass on to the genus Colaspis.
Coxaspis, Fabricius.
Monsieur Laporte de Castelneau, in the Revue Entomologique de Mon. Silbermann, has divided this family into seven genera, most of them made up of the term Colaspis and other compounds; some of them are too similar in their appearance, and one of them named Brevicolaspis, ought to be changed. I am, however, disposed to retain the names, as the characters are published; they cer- tainly appear preferable to those adopted by De Jean, a specimen of which I add. It will scarcely be believed, that the following ridiculous generic names occur in one page, namely,—Thisbe, Amasia, Acis, Bathseba, Charitonia, and Eva: cer- tainly the changes of Colaspis are greatly to be preferred, I repeat therefore, that I retain Laporte’s names, as it would establish a bad precedent, and lead us to abandon, not only Linnean, but Fabrician terms, a practice sadly too rife amongst the French Entomologists. For the types of the above genera, I refer the reader to the above quoted work.
Y
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Evumotreus, Mabricius. EKumortpips, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Eumolpus, Fabricius. Cayenne E. Ignitus, Fabricius. 2. Corynodes, Hope. East Indies E. Cyaneus, Fabricius. 3. Adoxus, Kirby. New York E. Vitis, Fabricius. 4. Euryope, Dalmann. Senegal E. 4-maculatus, Olivier. 5. Lamprosoma, Kirby. Brazil L. Bicolor, Kirby.
Various types of form occur among the Eumol- pidge, which have hitherto not been characterized. No group has probably been more neglected than the Chrysomeloidea; the genera are numerous, and the families composing it are so intimately connected that it is almost impossible to say to what gcnus an insect belongs, so imperfect is our acquaintance with these richly metallic and magnificent insects. In the Fauna Boreali Americana, at page 209, will be found the characters of Adoxus of Kirby. The present short description of Corynodes, is sufficient to mark generically, an insect universally known and different in various minor points from the type of true Eumolpus.
Corynopes, Hope.
From xopvywous clavee formam habens. Habitat in India Orientali. Species typicalis. Eumolpus cyaneus of Fabricius. ‘“‘ Antenne compress, articulo Imo. crasso, robusto, 2do. minimo, ternis proximis fere equalibus, reliquis externe gradatim crassi- oribus et compressis. Caput rotundatum, punctatum. Thorax conyvexus, marginatus, antice contractus,
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postice latior. Hlyira, Gibba, convexa, antice hu- meris tuberculatis, postice dilatata. Pedes robusti, tibiis canaliculatis tarsisque spongiosis, latis.”
It will be seen from the above tables, that the Colaspide have been confounded with the Eumol- pidz: they are certainly intimately connected, and yet it does not require any great discrimination to arrange them more satisfactorily than has hitherto been attempted. As I have no observations to add on the Fabrician species, I proceed to the next
genus. CurysoMELa, Linneus.
CurYSOMELIDE, Leach. CHRYSOMELOIDEA, Hope.
Genera. Country. Typical Species.
1. Doryphora, Ziliger. Brazil C. Punctatissima, Fabricius. 2. Timarcha, Megerle. . | Spain T. Rugosa, Linneus.
3. eee Fats New Holland N. Atomaria, Marsham.
4. Chrysomela, Linneus. England Ch. Goettingensis, Fab.
5. Polysticta, Hope. PABIS: C. Guttata, Fabricius.
6. Spartophila, Chevrolat. Spain C. Spartii, Olivier.
7. Gastroeidea, Hope. England Ch. Polygoni, Fabricius.
8. Phedon, Megerle. England C. Armoracie, Linneus. _9, Podontia, Dalmann. East Indies C.14-punctata, Fabricius. 10. Melasoma, Dilwynn. England C. Populi, Fabricius. 11. Chrysochloa, Hope. France C. Tristis, Fabricius. 12. Polyspila, Hope. N. America : C. Philadelphica, Fabricius. 13. Phyllocharis, Dalmann. | New Holland C. Cyanipes, Fabricius. 14, Phytodecta, Kirby. England C. Rufipes, Degeer. 15. Helodes, Fabricius. England C. Phellandrii, Fabricius. 16. Trochalonata, Westwood. | Brazil C. Badia, Germar.
17. Calomela, Hope. New Holland Chry. Curtisii, Kirby. 18. Argopus, Fischer. Europe Ch. Testaceus, Fabricius.
The above 18 genera appear to afford the most prominent forms for sub-division, and very many
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others might be added. Monsieur Chevrolat, in the Baron De Jean’s Catalogue, has published the names of at least 20 others, but as their characters are not given, I cannot adopt them. The following concise descriptions of some of the sub-genera which appear in the tables, will separate a few from the mass of nondescripts, in a family, which is remarkable not only for its great variety of form, but also for the abundance of species belonging to it.
Porysticta, Hope.
Type of the genus Chrysomela guttata, Fabricius. Genus Africanum, statura coccinelliformis, ovata, valde gibbosa. Antenne breves. Thoraz levis, haud marginatus, scutellum postice subrotundatum. Ely- tra abdomine latiora, valde convexa, punctata. Corpus infra contractum. Pedibus robustis. The majority of the species are remarkable for the number of guttz or spots with which they are ardorned; and hence I have applied the name of Polysticta.
GasTROEIDEA, Hope.
From yaspoedéns ventrosus. Type of the genus Chry. Polygoni, Linneus. Statura ovato hemisphe- rica, oblonga. Caput rotundatum, antennis thorace fere duplo longioribus. Z‘horax transversus latior quam longior, lateribus haud incrassatis. Elytra thorace triplo longiora Ovis gravida, ultra coleoptera ventricosa evadit. From this peculiarity, I have given the above name of Gastroeidea.
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Curysocutoa, Hope.
From xpuoos and xAoy gold and green being the predominant characteristics of the species belonging to this sub-genus. Type of the genus C. Tristis of Fabricius. Corpus oblongum lateribus thoracis in- crassatis. Antenne ihorace multo longiores. Elytra oblonga, thorace triplo longiora, modice convexa et vage punctata, alis inferioribus sanguineis. The insects belonging to this genus chiefly frequent alpine vegetation, and are found on the mountains at a considerable altitude; the major part of them are rich in gold, green, and blue colors. The genus Melasoma of Dilwynn, I consider altogether as dis- tinct; the latter answers to Lina of Megerle de Mublfield.
Potyspita, Hope.
Type of the genus Chrysomela Philadelphica of Fabricius. The name is derived from 7oAus and omaAos macula, signifying much spotted. There are several species in North and South America agreeing with this form. Statura fere Chry. Populi, at convexior, oblonga ovata. Thorax immarginatus. Elytra con- vexa, reticulato-strigosa, striato-punctata, maculis numerosis notata. To this genus belong Ch. Excla- mationis of Fabricius; Chry. Polyspila, and Punc- tipennis of Germar; as well as Hieroglyphica and _ Pantherina of Klug, all of them inhabiting the
New World, -
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Catometa, Hope.
From «aAos and por signifying a beautiful apple. Type of the genus Chrysomela Curtisii of Kirby.
Corpus oblongum, antenné compress articulis extrorsum crassioribus. Thorax transversus immar- ginatus. Elytra elongata, thorace triplo longiora, ad basim subdepressa, ad apicem modice convexa, pedes robusti. This genus, allied to Chrysomela, seems to be peculiar to New Holland. They are amongst the most beautiful insects of this family; about fifteen species have fallen under my notice, all of them inhabiting Australia.
FABRICIAN SPECIES OF CHRYSOMELA.
Sp. 5. Morio— From examining the Banksian Cabinet, I report this species to be Paropsis.
Sp. 7. Surinamensis —Now an Eumolpus, and apparently only a variety of Eum, Ignitus Fabricius.
Sp. 11. 8-maculata.—This insect is a Doryphora of Illiger.
Sp. 13. Conjugata.—I consider this species as a Doryphora; if it should turn out to be allied to Ch. Pulchra of Fabricius, it will, along with other species, afford characters for a sub-genus.
Sp. 23. Australasie.—Now a Paropsis of Olivier. The species of this genus are very numerous, and require sub-division,
Sp. 24. Globus.—Now a Lamprosoma of Kirby: For an account of the characters of this genus, refer to the 12th volume of the Linnean Transactions, page 445. Mr. Kirby thinks that there is an affinity
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to Clythra. I regard it as belonging to the Eumol- pidze, and range it consequently with that family.
Sp. 25, 6, '7, 8, and 9.—From the descriptions of the species, [am inclined to consider all the above insects as belonging to the genus Lamprosoma.
Sp. 31. Centaurii.— Read Centaurie.
Sp. 41. Rufipes.—This insect is certainly a species of Paropsis.
Sp. 83. Viminalis.—Now a Phytodecta of Kirby. In the Fauna Boreali Americana, will be found the characters of this genus; the type is Chrys, Bs a of Boer
Sp. 124. Arcuta.—-Evidently an error of the press. Read Areata.
Crioceris, Fabricius.
There appears to be great confusion respecting Crioceris. The type of the genus is closely allied to Galleruca, and I therefore, retain the generic name of Crioceris, but sink that of the family, in- cluding it merely as a genus of the Gallerucide. The cause of the confusion, is confounding Lema with it, which is certainly quite a distinct form, and may be considered as belonging to a separate family. which may be named Lemidz. Under the term Crioceris, we find various genera thrown together by Fabricius, which have little connection with it. The major part of the species evidently belong to the Gallerucidz ; others, to Haltica and Chrysomela. A single inspection of the tables tells me, that of
168
all the genera formed by Fabricius, few were more carelessly constituted than those of the Chryso- melide. As I have no remarks to make on the species, I pass on to Helodes.
Hexopes, Fabricius.
Helodes is one of genera of Chrysomelide; and under the above name, we find five species alluded to, but two of them only really belong to it, namely, Hel. Phellandrii and Violacea; the third of them is a Lema of Fabricius; and the two remaining, pertain to a genus which appears not to be characterized.
Lema, Fabricius.
In a former page, I have stated the reasons for adopting the family name of Lemadze instead of Crioceride. Lema of Fabricius, is very rich in species, and eventually, will be sub-divided into several genera; at present I only mention two others belonging to it, namely, Megascelis and Petauristes, both of them created by Latreille. It seems not improbable that the insect named L. Nigricornis may be a Megalopus.
GatuERuca, Fabricius. GaLLeruciDz2, Leach.
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 1. Galleruca, Fabricius. England G. Tanaceti, Fabricius. 2. Adorium, Fabricius. East Indies A. 2-punctatum, Fabricius. 3. Adimonia, Laicharting. England A. Alni, Fabricius. 4. Auchenia, Marsham. Denmark A. 4-maculata, Fabricius. 5. Malacoptera, Hope. Portugal C. Lusitanica, Fabricius.
169
GaLLeruca— (continued. )
Genera. Country. Typical Species. 6. Cladocera, Hope. Senegal Cl. Pectinicornis, Olivier. 7. Luperus, Geoffroy. England L. Rufipes, Fabricius. 8. Calomicrus, Dilwynn. England C. Circumfusus, Marsham. 9. Octogonotes, Drapiez. Cayenne Oc. Banonii, Drapiez. 10. Crioceris, Fabricius. Africa nC 2-tuberculata, Fabricius. 11. Agetocera, Hope. Nepal. Aget. Mirabilis, Hope. 12. Phyllotrupes, Hope. Brazil C. Cyanipennis, Fabricius.
The above genera are not near the number which naturally belong to this family. The Gallerucide, in our London Collections are very numerous, and are well worthy of the attention of a Monographer. It will require, however, the patience of a Graven- horst, and the assiduity of a Schonherr combined, to accomplish such an undertaking. The genus -Thaumacera of Thunberg, and also another men- tioned in Silberman’s Rev. Ent. by the name of Cherodia, belong to this family. As I am not ac- quainted with the types, I have omitted them in the tables.
Criapocera, Hope.
From KAaéos a branch and Kepas. Type of the genus Cly. pecticornis of Olivier. Corpus galleruci- forme, antennis valde pectinatis, seu ramosis, articulo Imo, crasso, duobus sequentibus minoribus et zqua- bus, reliquis valde pectinatis. Thorax transversus, marginatus, lateribus postice rotundatis. lytra- convexa, abdomine longiora. Pedes modici, femori- bus posticis incrassatis, reliquis minoribus.
Z
170
Acetocera, Hope.
From ayytos mirandus, and xepas. ‘This remark- able insect I have separated from Galleruca, on account of the difference of the antenne of the different sexes. Olivier in his work, figures in the second plate of Gallerucidze, at number 257» ano- ther extraordinary species, belonging probably to a new and distinct genus. ‘‘ Corpus galleruciforme Antennze 12 articulate, articulus primus, duobus sequentibus zequalis, secundus brevissimus, quartus elongatus et dilatatus; articuli 4, 5, 6, 7, fere eequales, octonus elongatus et inflatus, nonus diffor- mis, duobus proximis longitudine zequalis, ultimoque breviori. Habitat in Agro Nepalensi.” In Gray’s Miscellany this insect was misprinted Agelocerus ; how. to account for a double blunder in one word I know not: there are several other errors in that . brochure which have never been corrected. I have not detailed the characters of the sub-genus named by me Phyllotrupes. I consider the typical species C. cyanipennis of Fabricius, and if Iam not mis- taken, this genus answers to that which Monsieur Chevrolat has named Diabrotica. He appears how- ever to have thrown together several species, which cannot well be arranged under one head; instead therefore of attempting to publish the characters of asingle genus, where twenty others at least might be added, it is better to leave the task for a future Entomologist, who is bold enough to attempt a new
71 arrangement of the Chrysomeloidea, namely, the Gallerucidz, Halticidze, Chrysomelids, Lemidz,
Colaspide, Eumolpide, Clythride, and Chlamyde ; and to these Mr. Kirby adds the Cryptocephalidz.
F'ABRICIAN SPECIES OF GALLERUCA.
Sp. 26. Abdominalis—tIn the Banksian cabinet there are two distinct insects labelled Abdominalis ; the first is a true Lema, and the second is an elongated species of Galleruca.
Se. 28. Compressicornis.— This insect is the type of a new genus. The Fabrician description of this species, with some additions, would afford ample generic characters.
Sp. 46. Capree.—tIn the Systema Nature this insect is named Cupreea, evidently an error of the press.
Sp. 50. Lactuce.—F abricius says of this insect, *¢ Species obscura, haud mihi rite nota.” I suspect it to be a Diaperis.
Sp. 85. Collaris—Now an Orchestris of Kirby. The characters of the genus are detailed in the Fauna Boreali Americana.
Crruon, Fabricius.
The genus Cyphon is by many Entomologists classed with the Malacodermata, and so is Scirtes; and although the latter has saltatorial legs, it has been removed from the Halticide: in habits it certainly approaches the latter family.
172
Enpomycuus, Fabricius,
The genus Endomychus I am inclined to arrange next to the Coccinellidze; its larve greatly re- sembling them, little 1s known of their habits, excepting that they are found under the bark of decayed trees. It is a matter of doubt in my mind if Lycoperdina is at all related to Endomychus, although they agree in form, and have been asso- ciated in the same family. In concluding the first volume of the Systema Eleutheratorum, I have only to add that the next Fasciculus will terminate the Manual, when I shall enter more fully into the merits and demerits of Fabricius as a Systematist and an Entomologist.
Pas =! ny ay!
173
DESCRIPTIONS
OF THE
NEW GENERA AND SPECIES.
Catopema Kirsu, Hope.
Long, lin. 19. lat. lin. 73.
Flava, thorace viridi, maculis duabus ovalibus puniceis, fossulisque binis in medio disci positis, elytris flavis, marginibus internis viridibus ; corpore infra viridi, splendido annulis abdominis utrinque flavomaculatis.
Habitat in Australia. In Mus. Dom. Hope.
This magnificent insect, one of the most beautiful of all the Buprestidze, I named in honour of the Rey. William Kirby, in a Prodromus which I pub- lished some few years back. Monsieur Gory rejects the generic name of Stigmodera, and substitutes in its place Calodema, to include various species allied to the above insect; but on what authority he also changes the specific name of Kirbii to Regalis I know not, without it is from a love of notoriety. ‘The generic details of the genus Calo- dema will be found in the Iconographie des Insectes Coleopteres, par Le Comte de Castelneau et H. Gory.
174
Vid. page 60. I am acquainted with another species closely allied to the above, and as it is undescribed I suggest the adoption of the specific name of Spencii. It is from the same locality as Calodema Kirbii.
I may here add that I have lately received several new and very interesting species of Buprestide from New Holland, some of them evidently belong- ing to Calodema; and when Monsieur Gory has finished his Monograph, it is my intention to pub- lish an account of them, and hope to be able to add some remarks on the larve and habits of the above beautiful group, our present information on those points being very scanty and unsatisfactory.
Hispips, Leach.
EstiamMena,* Hope. Novum Genus.
Type of the Genus Hispa Cuinensis Mihi.
Antenne filiformes ante oculos inserte, basi ap- proximatee.
Mandibule trigone cornee, externe ad basin tuberculo transverso. |
Labrum transversum subemarginatum setosum.
Masille parve bilobe lobo externo parvo piloso.
Palpi mazillares articulo 1mo. brevi, 2do. ob- conico, 3tio. obtrigono, extimo elongato ovato, apice truncato.
* From the Greek word esiyuevoe notis compunctus.
175
Mentum subhexagonum corneum.
Labium porrectum integrum membranaceum.
Palpi labiales breves, apice crassiores, 3 articu- lati, articulo lmo. brevi, 2do. longiori, ultimo apice obovato. :
_Elyira elongata, postice paullo latiora.
Thorax \ateribus inzequalibus, angulis lateralibus antice et postice obliquis.
Pedes robusti, femoribus incrassatis, tarsis latis, infra luteo spongiosis, articulo penultimo valde bifido.
Habitat in China, in Mus. Dom. Hope.
Estigmena Chinensis. Long. lin. 53, lat. lin. 2. Nigra, antennis atro-corallinis, thorace, corpore pedibusq. concoloribus.
Caput atrum, antennis 6 articulis primis glabris et atrorufis, reliquis nigricantibus. TZ'horax rufus dorso sparsim eroso. Hlytra nigra, striatopunctata punctis fortiter insculptis. Corpus infra rubrum,
acuta spina inter pedes anteriores protensa.
Pectus depressum, annulis abdominis crebrissime punctulatis. Pedes robusti, rubri, femoribus in- crassatis, plantis aurato-spongiosis.
To the above genus belong the following un- described species, namely, Rufocastanea, Rubra, Miniata, Cyanura and Cantori, all of them inhabiting the East Indies.
176
Imatipup#, Hope. Prioprera.* Novum Genus.
Type of the Genus Cassipa, 8-punctata Fab.
Antenne 11 articulate, recte, articulo Imo. crasso, 2do. et 3tio. minutis et zqualibus, septem sequen- tibus gradatim longitudine increscentibus, extimo subcultriformi.
Labrum breve, margine antico ad latera declivi, medio subemarginato.
Mandibule cochleariformes, margine externo ver- sum apicem obtuse 4-dentato.
Mazille breves, bilobe, lobo externo curvato, setoso.
Palpi Mazillares articulo Imo. brevi, 2do. et tertio trigonis, equalibus, extimo ovato conico.
Mentum parvum transversum.
Labium magnum subquadratum membranaceum.
Palpi labiales articulo Imo. brevi, 2do. trigono, ultimo ovato apice truncato.
Elytra magna, postice latissima, rotundata, basi crenata, ad humeros subsinuata et serrata.
Thorax antice emarginatus, lateralibus angulis anticis rotundatis, posticis subsinuatis.
Prosternum in medio angulariter productum et in impressione mesosterni receptum.
Pedes breves. |
To this genus belong Cassida sinuata of Olivier,
* Prioptera is derived from zpiw and zetpov, the wings being serrated.
177 C. 6-punctata, and Javana of Hope, all of them inhabiting the East Indies.
CHRYSOMELIDS, Leach.
Aaasta, Hope. Novum Genus.
Type of the Genus Curysomera Formosa Mihi.
Caput parvum articulo basali crasso, 2do. minimo, dtio. elongato, octo sequentibus gradatim externe crassioribus, extimo ovato apice subacuto.
Mandibule parve apice fisse, subtrigone.
Labrum breve, in medio valde emarginatum.
Mazille breves bilobe, ciliate, lobo externo sub- articulato.
Palpi mazxillares breves, articulo Imo. minimo, 2do. multo crassiori, 3tio. et 4to. rhombiformibus.
Mentum transversum, antice angustius.
Labrum breve, integrum.
Palpi labiales articulo 1mo. minuto, 2do. ovali et duplo longiori, extimo minori, ovato truncato.
Elytra elongato-quadrata, valde convexa, angulis antice et postice rotundatis.
Thorax transversus, antice subemarginatus, an- gulis omnibus subrotundatis.
Pedes simplices tarsis infra spongiosis, articulo Imo. lato, obcordato, 2do. trigono, minuto, 3tio. bi- lobo, extimo longiori.
Agasta formosa Mihi. Long. lin. 5. lat. lin. 3. Flava, antennis pedibusque concoloribus, thorace quadrinotato, elytrisque cyaneo-maculatis.
Caput parvum-flavum oculis nigris. Thoraz
ZA
178
transversus, quadrinotatus, puncto laterali nigro utrinque posito, binisque maculis lunulatis fere mediis. Hlytra thorace multo latiora, convexa, flava, purpureis maculis notata, sex in singulo dispersa septimo fere apicali, transversa et com- muni. Corpus infra testaceum pedibus concolo- ribus.
This remarkably beautiful insect I received from Singapore; it is probable also that it occurs in Java and other parts of the Indian continent. 1| have named the genus Agasta, from the Greek word ayasos, signifying admirable.
CrytHrip&, Leach. PacrtomoreHa, Hope. Novum Genus.
Type P. Passerinu, Hope.
Caput magnum oculis prominentibus.
Antenne breves apice crassiores, articulo 2do. et Ato. minutis, 7 ultimis serratis.
Labrum magnum subquadratum, antice angustius, Setosum.
Mandibule elongato trigone, externe rotundate, apicibus acutis integris.
Mawille \obis duobus elongatis, externa) gracill, apice setis longis instructo, interno subensiformi, setoso.
Palpi maczillares articulo basali minuto 2do. elon- gato obconico, 3tio. brevi, subtrigono, ultimo longo- ovato, apice acuto.
Mentum transversum, margine antico recto, an-
179
gulis anticis productis. Labiwm 4-dratum antice
vix emarginatum setosum. Palpi labiales articulo basali minuto 2do. oblongo
obconico subcurvato, ultimo ovato acuto.
Thorax capite vix latior, lateribus postice rotun- datis.
Elytra oblongo quadrata postice rotundata.
Pedes \ongitudine mediocres, setosi femoribus gra- cilibus.
Pecilomorpha Passerinii, Hope. Long. lin. 33. lat. lin. 13. Cyanea, thorace flavo, in medio nigro- maculata, elytris cyaneis punctatis, corpore infra testaceo.
Antenne fuscopicee. Caput nigro-violaceum oculis prominentibus atris, thorax flavus, macula media longitudinali notatus. Elytra cyanea, punc- tatissima. Corpus infra testaceum femoribus con- coloribus, posticis crassioribus. Tibiis fuscis et curvatis.
Habitat in Sierra Leona. In Mus. Dom. Hope.
This elegantly formed insect is named in honour of Professor Passerini of Florence, well known as a celebrated Entomologist.
Sacrip#, Leach. AmETALLA,* Hope. Novum Genus.
Type of the genus Donacia Spinole Hope.
Forma donaciformis. Antenne setaceze ante oculos insertz, articulo
* From the Greek a non, and peradXov, as contrasted with true Sagre, which are richly metallic.
180
basali crasso, 2do. subgloboso, reliquis magnitudine eequalibus, apicali autem acuto.
Mandibule falciformes apicibus acutis ante api- cem interne bifide.
Labrum transversum tomentosum, angulis anticis rotundatis. |
Mazille minute, basi cornee bilobe, lobis ciliatis.
Palpi mazillares articulo Imo. brevi 2do. elon- gato obconico, 3tio. trigono, extino ovato, apice sub- truncato.
Mentum transversum, margine antico recto, angu- lis anticis rotundato productis.
Labium magnum subquadratum, antice setosum.
Palpi labiales maxillaribus fere longitudine equa- les, articulo basali minimo, 2do. obconico, ultimo ovato.
Elytra ad basin lata, ad apicem gradatim atte- nuata.
Thorax antice latior quam ad basin, angulis anterioribus rotundatis, supra depressus.
Pedes quatuor anteriores simplices, femoribus posticis incrassatis et interne unidentatis, tibiisq. incurvis. Habitat in Nova Hollandia.
Ametatia * Spinot#. Long. lin. 43. lat. lin. 13. Flava, thorace rubro, maculato, elytris ochraceis nigrolineatis. Caput fusco cinereum, antennis pe- dibusq. concoloribus. Thorax ruber, maculis ternis posticis notatus. Elytra flavo ochracea, lineis nigris
* From the Greek a non, and petodXov, as contrasted.
18]
variegata. Corpus infra fusco-cinereum, pedibus
concoloribus, femoribus posticis incrassatis et uni-
dentatis, Habitat in Nova Hollandia.
This singular form uniting in itself the genera Donacia and Sagra, I have named in honour of the Marquis Maximilian Spinola, author of various pub- lications on the Entomology of Europe.
Sacripz, Leach. Mecynopera, Hope. Novum Genus.
Type of the Genus Sacra Picra Hope’s MSS.
Corpus sagriforme.
Antenne ante oculos inserte, setacex, articulo Imo. crassiori, 2do. brevi, reliquis magnitudine equa- libus apicali autem acuto.
Labrum transverso-quadratum, tomentosum an- gulis anticis rotundatis.
Mandibule falciformes, apice acuto integro, mar- gine interno ciliato.
Mazille basi cornee, apice bilobe, lobis ciliatis, rotundatis.
Palpi maxillares articulo Imo. minimo vix con- spicuo, 2do. longo, obconico, 3tio. crassiori obtrigono, extimo ovato subtruncato.
Mentum breve, margine antico recto, angulis anticis rotundato-productis.
Palpi labiales articulo Imo. brevi, 2do. elongato, obconico, tertio ovato.
Elytra thorace duplo latiora, antice truncata,
182
angulis anticis subrotundatis, posticis valde rotun- datis.
Thorax oblongus, antice paullo angustior, capite vix latior, angulis anticis rotundatis, posticis rectis.
Mesosternum valde declive, intra pedes medios productum, |
Pedes quatuor anteriores simplices femoribus pos- ticis valde incrassatis, spinaque valida armatis.
Tibie curvate, articulis tarsorum bilobatis, plantis infra tomentosis.
Mecynodera picta. Long. lin. 63. lat. lin. 22. Nigra, antennis, corpore, pedibusq. infra cinereo- tomentosis, fuscis, thorace bilineato, elytrisque flavo- pictis.
Caput antice margine aurantio, postice nigro- cinereum, antennis concoloribus. Thorax in medio niger, lateribus aurantio colore lineatis. Klytra atra flavopicta, maculis varlis inquinata, sagitta flava in singulo delineata. Corpus infra cinereo-tomentosum, mesosterno dente brevi rubro armato, pedibus pos- ticis incrassatis, spinaq. acuta armatis.
Habitat in Nova Hollandia. In Mus. Dom. Hope.
The above genus appears to be a form uniting Donacia and Sagra, but it is evidently most allied to the latter. Mr. George Gray has mistaken this insect for the Megamerus of Mr, MacLeay, with which it differs in many points; I propose there- fore to give it the name of Mecynodera (derived from pyxvvw and bepy) to include the species belong- ing to this form. It certainly appears to be a link uniting the above-mentioned genera.
183
MESOMPHALIDE. CaLaspipEA,* Hope.
Type of the Genus Cassipa Grossa of Fabricius.
Forma fere arbicularis.
Antenne 11 articulate, articulo Imo. crassiori, 2do. brevi, 3tio. triplo longiori, reliquis fere sequalibus ultimo apice subconico.
Labrum breve, margine antico acute inciso.
Mandibule cochleariformes, apicibus subrotun- datis, obtuse denticulatis.
Mazxille breves, lobo externo apice dilatato, apice setoso.
Palpi mazillares crassi, articulo Imo. brevi, 2do. duplo longiori, 3tio. fere trigono, ultimo suborbi- culari ovato.
Mentum parvum, antice subconicum.
Labium membranaceum subovatum.
Palpi labiales cornei, articulo Imo. brevi, 2do. longiori extimo trigono, oblique exciso.
Eilytra orbicularia, convexa, apicibus subacumi- natis.
Thorax rotundatus emarginatus.
Prosternum sub ore protensum, inter pedes an- ticos productum, contractum, seu carinatum, antice et postice dilatatum.
To this genus belong Cassida grandis of De Jean, Erythrodera and Rubripennis of Hope, and several
* From xados pulcher, coms and «dca,
184 other nondescripts, to which manuscript names have been given, the latter are consequently not
adopted. Habitat in America Meridionali.
MesomPHAtipz, Hope. Oxynopera, Mihi.
Type of the Genus Cassipa Varrecata Fab.
Forma fere orbicularis. 3
Antenne 11 articulate, cylindrice, articulo Imo. crassiori, Sequentibus quinque proximis minutis et eequalibus, reliquis magnitudine duplo longioribus, extimo apice ovato conico.
Labium breve, margine antico declivi, setoso, subrecto.
Mandibulé cochleariformes apicibus subacutis et 4-denticulatis.
Mazille breves, bilobze, lobo externo apice setoso, interno simplici.
Palpi maxillares articulo Imo. brevi, 2do. et tertio fere trigonis, et eequalibus, ultimo longiori, apice oblongo ovato conico.
Mentum parvum transversum.
Labium membranaceum, integrum setosum.
Palpi labiales cornei, articulo Imo. trigono, 2do. longiori, ultimo elongato apice conice.
Elytra fere orbicularia, antice paullo latiora et emarginata, ante medium umbone armata.
Thorax antice rotundatus, postice subsinuatus, Jateribus utrinque in dentem acutum productis.
185
_ Prosternum inter pedes anticos protensum, de- pressum, postice dilatatum, subrugosum. Mesos- ternum antice bifurcatum.
Habitat in America Meridionali.
To this genus belong Cassida palliata of Fa- bricius. C. Strigata of Hoffmansegg, and Bipla- giata Mihi. The last insect 1 have lately received from Colombia, and to the above various other species might be added, most of them being as yet undescribed. Cassida carbonaria of Klug will pro- bably at some future time be regarded as the type of a sub-genus allied to Oxynodera.
CuiroscELip#&, Gory. Curroscetis, Lamarck.
Type of the Genus Tenezsrio Diairatus Fad.
A description and figure of this insect will be found in Erman’s Reise um die Erde, Vid. Table 15, fig. 11; as the specimen there delineated appears to have been dwarfish, scarcely exceeding 14 lines in length, I have some doubts if it is really the insect alluded to by Fabricius. Dr. Leach, in the
_ article Entomology, of the Edinburgh Encyclopedia,
at page 100, describes Chiroscelis as having its anterior tibise palmated or dentated externally; he intended to say internally. The locality given is New Holland, which also appears to be erroneous, as Fabricius is right when he states it to be from Sierra Leone. It seems that the Bifenestra of Lamarck and Digitatus of Fabricius are only sexes of one species; the anatomical details of both are 2B
186
given at plate 3* fig. 3. To the family Chiros- celide Iam enabled to add an undescribed genus, lately received from Sierra Leone, besides the genus Prioscelis, which has already been described. I propose the name of Pachylocerus from its remark- ably robust antenne. The following characters detach it from Prioscelis.
Pacuytocerus, Hope.
Caput magnum, clypeo transverso truncato, an- tennz robust articulo lmo. crasso, 2do. brevi 3tio. duplo longiori, quinque sequentibus moniliformibus longitudine zqualibus, nono et decimo cyathiformi- bus, extimo ovato. Thorax valde convexus, antice angustior, postice latior, lateribus curvatis. HKlytra sulcata, striatopunctata, metallica. Corpus infra nigroeneum, nitidum, pedibus concoloribus. F'emora antica subdentata, sinuata et sulcata, tiblis in sulcis receptis, postica quatuor subrugosa. Tbie cur- vate, anteriores fortiter unidentate, mediz subden- tatze, ultimis fere rectis subscabris.
Habitat in Sierra Leona,
Pacuytocerus, Westermanni Hope.
Long. lin. 13. lat. lin. 43. Nigrozeneus, thorace glabro, elytrisq. striato-punctatis. Totum corpus supra metallicum, antennis nigro violaceis, ultimo articulo rufescenti, infra nigro zneum, nitidum. Pedes quatuor anteriore tibiis armatis, tarsis infra piceis, rufescentibus, capillisque obsitis.
This magnificent insect I have named in honour:
Pg
187
of Professor Westermann of Copenhagen, the pos-
.Sessor of a very rich collection of exotic entomology.
The above species is subject to vary in its colours; some specimens have the wings golden green, others brown, which are immature; in its mature state the colour is black, with a strong metallic lustre; it appears to approach the genera Iphicerus and Odontopus.
Eweipz, MacLeay. Hetota, MacLeay. Type of the Genus Hetora Vicorsi of MacLeay. Hetota Servite, Hope. N.S.
Long. lin. 8, lat. lin. 23. Corpus supra roseo- cupreum, punctatum, thorace eminentiis levissimis, elytris geminatim striatis et flavo bimaculatis.
Caput aurato cupreum punctatissimum oculis fus-
cis collo subtus rubro, antennis piceis. Thorax
cupreus lateribus subserratis, disco punctulis eroso,
- jineis duabus antice elevatis, et glabris, ternisque
aliis postice eminentibus. Scutellum nigrum. Elytra acuminata, roseo-cuprea, strils punctorum geminatis, marginibusque externis elevatis in singulo macule bine magne, succineo colore inquinate. Corpus totum infra rubrum et nitidum. Pedes rubro corallini, geniculis chelisq. nigris.
Habitat in India Orientali, circa Poonah.
Described from the collection of Colonel Withill.
‘This beautiful insect, the largest of the known
188
species of Helota, I name in honour of my valued and respected friend, Monsieur Audinet Serville of Paris, whose numerous publications have greatly contributed to the advance of Entomological science.
Hexota, Guerinit.
Long. lin. 4 lat. lin. 14. Nigroaenea, thorace aurato viridi, elytris flavo bimaculatis corporeq. infra testaceo, nitido.
Caput viridi eneum punctulatum, oculis nigrican- tibus, collo subtus testaceo, antennis flavis. Thorax viridizeneus, punctatus, lateralibus anticis angulis flavis, marginibus antice et postice auratis. Elytra nigrogenea striatopunctata, maculis duabus convexis, elabris flavis, seu succineo colore inquinatis, apici- bus rotundatis. Corpus infra testaceum nitidum. Pedes femoribus incrassatis, flavis, tibiis aurato- viridibus tarsis chelisq. piceis.
Habitat in India Orientali circa Travancore. In Mus. Dom. Wiathill.
This nondescript species of Helota I have much pleasure in dedicating in honour of Monsieur Guerin, the author of the Magazin d’Entomologie, one of the most useful books of the present day.
ADELIADE, Kirby. TroracopHorus. Hope. Type of the Genus Apetium WatcKen£ri1 Hope.
Forma carabiformis. Antenne thorace longiores 11 articulatz, articulo
189
Imo. ovato. 2do. brevi, reliquis equalibus extimo autem apice conico.
Thorax semicircularis, depressus, emarginatus, margo anterior latior quam posterior, postice trans- versus, angulis lateralibus fortiter elevatis et re- curvis.
Elytra valde depressa, porcata.
Pedes sicut in Adelio Kirby.
THORACOPHORUS WALKENERU, Hope.
Long. lin. 8. lat. lin, 23. Nigrozeneus, nitidus, thorace postice utrinque angulato, elytris porcatis. Totum corpus supra et infra depressum, glabrum, nitidum, et nigroeneum. Caput subtrigonum, punc- tis duobis in medio disci notatum. Thorax linea longitudinali media impressa, foveolis ad latera pos- ticeque insculptis. Elytra elongata-ovata, fortissime sulcata. Pedes sicut in Adelio Kirby.
Habitat in Nova Hollandia.
This new form of Adelium I have a satisfaction in naming as the type of a new genus, giving it the specific name of Walckenzerii, in honour of Baron Walckenzr, the celebrated Apterologist. To the same genus belong the following species, viz. Thoracophorus Audouini, Depressus, neipennis, and Walkerii, all of them inhabiting New Holland, and in my possession.
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Lancuirivaz, Leach. Macrometea,* Hope.
Antenne fere corporis longitudine, 11 articulate, articulo Imo. crasso, 2do. brevi, 3tio. quadruplo longiori, apice dilatato, quatuor proximis gradatim longitudine decrescentibus, octonono cylindrico, tri- bus ultimis subtrigonis equalibus.
Labrum breve transversum antice setosum.
Mandibule elongato-trigonz, apice acuto-bifidee.
Mazille elongate, lobo externo crasso, setoso, interno gracili apice bifido.
Palpt macxillares maxillis vix longiores, articulo 1lmo. minimo, 2do. trigono et crasso, 3tio. cyathi- formi, ultimo elongato conico, apice acuto.
Mentum corneum medio latius, antice angustius, angulis anticis acute productis.
Labium cordato-truncatum.
Palpi labiales articulo basali parvo, 2do. duplo longiori, obconico, ultimo fere magnitudine prece- denti zquali apice truncato.
Elytra elongata apicibus gradatim attenuatis et rotundatis.
Thorax elongatus, antice angustior.
Pedes anteriores longissimi, tibiis elongatis et curvatis, 4 posticis minoribus. Tarsi articulis duobus primis trigonis, 3tio. bilobo 4to. cylindrico.
Habitat in India Orientali.
* From the Greek paxpos long, and pedea limbs, long-limbed Languiria.
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MacromMeELEA WIEDEMANNI Hope.
Long. lin. 11. lat. lin. 3. Cyanea, antennis elon- gatis, capite thoraceq. badiis, hoc antice angusto, elytris chalybeo-violascentibus, pedibusque nigris, Tranquebar.
The above description I have copied from Wiede- mann’s Zoologisches Magazin, Band. 2, page 48, Species 69; and as I have applied a generic name from its peculiar long limbs, I change the name of Longicornis to Wiedemanni, who first described the above species. ‘To the same genus belongs Languiria Nigripennis of Wiedemann.
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