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1

I

I

COLLINS'S

i^eerage of Citglanb;

GENEALOGICAL, BIOGRAPHICAL, AND HISTORICAL.

- • •• •*•

' - - -■ • • • • I ••

GREATLY AUOMENr^fl, \:\: ; •-.•":"• AND CONTINUED TO THE PRESENT TTBlS, ^ .'''

' '..''.

SIR EGERTON BRYDGES, k. J,'

IN NINE VOLUMES.

VOL. IV.

LONDON

;\v.Yo'

rtlMTBD POl F. C. AND J. RIVINGTON, OTRIDGE AND SON, J. NICHOLS AND CO. T. FAYNB, WILKIB AND ROBINSON, J. ^WTAI-KER, CLARKE AND SONS, W. LOWNDES, K. LEA, J. CUTHELL, I.ONGMAN, HUKST, REES, OHMB, AND CO. WHITE, COCHRANE, AlTD CO. C. LAW, CADELL AND DAVIBS, J. BOOTH, CROSBY AND CO. J. MURRAY, J. MAWMAN, J. BOOKER, R. SCUOLEY, J. HATCHARD, R. BALDWIN, CRADOCK AND JOY, J. FAULDER, «ALB, CURTIS AND CO. JOHNSON AND CO. AND G. ROBINSON.

1812.

Tt r'uittej. Printer, Uftlt Cgurt, Fleet Street, Londou.

CONTENTS OF VOL. IV.

EARLS.

• • •

PouLETT, Earl Poulett •. . /.* j ../^- . r . .»..-•• ^

Cholmondeley, Earl Cholmondeley ' .•:• .lV'c-> • ^' --^J • • 1^

. Harley, Earl of Oxford and Mortimer .,. . ^ . ^.^.. . . , , . . %.% ZJ

Shirley, Earl Ferrers .- ♦. .: ;"l*j i V;^ '.'--.. .'. 85

Legge, Earl of Dartmouth V • . . . . 105

Bennet,EarlofTankerville 125

Finch, Earl ofAylesford 134

Heroey, Earl of Bristol 139

Cawper, Earl Cowper l62

Stanhope, Earl Stanhope 171

Sherard, Earl of Harlorough 180

I Parker, Earl of Maccle^ld I90

Fermor, Earl ofPomfret I97

' Graham, Earl Graham 2/Qg

^ Waldegrave, Earl Wcddegtave 232 •

Ashbumham, Earl of Ashhumham 249

Howard, Earl of Effingham 264

Stanhope, Earl of Harrington 284

Wallop, Earl of Portsmouth 29I

Greville, Earl Brooke and Earl of Warwick 330

Hobart, Earl of Buckinghamshire 362

c 374

'. FUxwiUiam, Earl Fitzwilliam } .

Wyndham, Earl of Egremont 401

Harcourt, Earl Harcourt 428

[ ' A-- North, Earl of Guildford 454

Yorke, Earl ofHardwicke 486

Fane, Earl of Darlington 499

Fox, Earl of llchester 529

..* *

^y- The Rctder is requested to turn also to the Addenda at the end of the Volume for the latest dates, and a few corrections, of every article.

. THE

PJEEBAGE OF ENGLANB.

EARLS.

POULETT, EARL POULETT,

Havimo treated of the original of this family in that of the Mar- quis of Winchester, Vol. II. p. 367, I shall begin with Sir Thomas Paulett, or Poulett, eldest son of Sir John Paulett, by Elizabeth his wife, daughter and co-heir of Sir John Creedy of Crecdy, in com. Devon. Knight.

Which Sir Thomas Paulett, married "Margaret, daughter and heir of Henry ^Bouiton, Esq. by Alice his wife, daughter and heir of John dsBoys, and had issue two sons. Sir William Paulett, and John Pauleft of Gothurst, in com. Somers.^ also a daughter, Elizabeth, married to Robert Burton^ and fccondJy to William Bigberye, Esquires.

His eldest son. Sir William Paulett (knighted by Henry VI. for his valiant behaviour in the wars of France) married Eliza- beth, daughter and heir of John Deneband of Henton (commonly Ilinton) St. George^ in the county of Somerset, Esq. by whom he became possessed of that lordship, which came by the GifFards, who had it by the heir of Poutrals ;^ and the Denebands were of Pescayth in Monmouthshire.

* MS. menes meipsum. b Ibid.

c Joho and George Fowtrell owned Hinton St. George, in the reign of Rich. I. and K. John. The latter devised it to his 'only daughter and heir, married to Joiha Giffard. Hit daughter and heir, Alice, married Sir Philip Deneband, whose toOf Wiiriao, gare a moiety of thii roatoor, in 29 Henry HI. to his brother Ha« SBon. CM'mii Somenetsiire^ I. 166

TOU IV. . - B '

2 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

I^land^ in his Itinerary^ mentions most of^ the above facta thus i

^* The eldest manor place of the Paalettes in Somersetshire is now clene downe. But yet it bereth the name of Pauleite, and

is a 3 miles from Bridgwater. There was one DenhauJe

in Somersetshire, a knight of good estimation about Henry the V. tyme, and this Denhaude gave this title in many of his writinges : Dommus <U Postcuith m Gallia. One of thc^Paulettes married the heir general of this Denbaude, and so was the Paulettes landes welle augmented in Somersetshire. And Mr. Paulette*s father that is now buildid stoutely at Henton in Somersetshire, the which longed in tyme past to the Denbaudes. Paulet, that is now, bought Sandforde lordship of the kinge. Paullet hath a nother lordship hard joyning to Sandford called Hawberton, and is well woodid, but Shflford hath little. Paulet of Somersetshire landes cummith thus together by heyres gcnerales. By Boys cam Hawberton lorJi- fchip. Then did Arundel and Paulet dcvide a peace of landes of the Cantelupes. Then cam a peace of land by Rayne, and a no- ther be Beauchamp of the West Countery, and after cam Henton^ Denbaude*s lande.**"

Sir William had issue one son. Sir Amias Paulettj

And four daughters. Christian, first married to Nicholas Chi- chester, secondly to Henry Hull, and thirdly to Wiilam Martinj Anne, wife of Sir William Cary of Cockington, Knight j Flo- rence, to John Ashfield j and Alice, to Sir John Paulett, Knight, by whom she was mother to William, the^r*-^ Marquis of Win^ Chester,

Which Sir Amias was knighted for his gallant behaviour at the battle of Newark on Trent, June lO'th, 1487, when the Earl of Lincoln and Lambart Simnell were defeated. He was like* wise one of the ^commanders of those forces against Perkin War- beck : and in 15 Hen. VII. bearing the title of one of the Knights of the king's body, was f commissioned with Robert Shirburn, Dean of St. Paul's, in consideration of their loyalty, industry, fore- fight, and care, to receive all such persons into favour, as were adherents to Perkin Warbeck, by fine or otherwise, as to them shall seem most proper. This commission they managed so dis- creetly, that (as Hollinshcd observes) 8 '' liquity therein was very well and justly executed."

< Lel?nd'fi Ifin. VI. i». • HoUnshead'g Chron. p. 784.

f Rymtx*» Feed. torn. XII. p. 76^. g Chfon. p. 785.

EARL POULETT. i

It is further memorable of him, that in the reign of Henry VIL when Cardinal Wolscy was only a school -master at Limington in Somersetshire, Sir Amias Paulett, for some misdemeanor com- mitted by him, clapped him in the stocks: which the Cardinal, when he grew into favour with Henry VIJI. so far resented, that he sought all manner of ways to give him trouble, and obliged him (as Godwin in his Annals observes*) to dance attendance at London for some years, and by all manner of obsequiousness to curry favoor with him. During the time of his attendance, being coromahded by the Cardinal not to depart London without licence, be took up his lodging in the great gate of the Temple towards Fleet-street. And in 7 Henry VIII. when the Cardinal was made *Lord-Chancellor, he re-edified the said gate (now called the Middle-Temple gate) and sumptuously b^utified it on the out- side with the Cardinal's arms, cognizance, badges, and other devices, in a glorious manner, thereby hoping to appease his displeasure. Having been so great a benefactor to the society of the Middle-Temple, hek was chosen Treasurer thereof in 12 Henry VIII. and departed this life in 1538. His last will bears date, April Ist, 1538, and the probate thereof June 25th follow- ing 1. He orders his body to be buried in the church of Chers- comb, in com. Somersetshire, and was a benefactor to the cathedral church of Wells, and to the churches of Henton, Cherscomb, Chard, Crookhorne, Ylminster, South-Peterton, Dynington, and the abbey and convent of Ford. He bequeaths all his lands, goods, &c. to his son and heir Sir Hugh Paulet, Knight, whom he made sole executor, chargiug him to be loving to his sons John and Henry, and to help them to preferment.

He married two wives, first, Margaret, daughter of Sir John Paolett, Knight of the Bath, (grandfather of William Marquis of Winchester) j and sister to Sir John Paulett, who had married his lister Elizabeth -, and secondly, Lora, daughter of William Kella- way, of Rockborn, in com. Southamp. Esq. but had issue only by the last, viz. the three sons mentioned in his willj and one daughter, Elizabeth, married first to John Sidcnham, Esq.; se- condly to William Carswell, of Carswell, in Devonshire, Esq.j and thirdly to Francis Coppleston, Esq.

Sir Hugh Paulett, his eldest son, was knighted for his ser- ▼ices in the French wars, at taking Brey at the siege of Bou-

>» P. a8. i Dugd.Orig. Jurid. p. 138.

k Ibid, p til. I. Ex Regiit. Diogley in Cur. Pisercg. CaAt

4 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

logne, 1544, in die presence of Hen. VIII. In 30 Hen. VIIL in consideration of bis services,^ he had a grant from the Ktng> to bim and his heirs, of the manor and borough of Sarofbrd-Peverell» in Devonshire; and on February 24th, 31 Hen. VIIL" was made Supervisor of all the manors, messuages, lands, &c. belonging to Richard Whiting, late Abbot of Glastonbury, attainted. On « May 11th, 33 Hen. Vill. he had^ a grant, to him and his heirs, of all the King's lands, tenements, woods, &c. called Upcrofte, and Combe, in Crukeme, in the county of Somerset. He was Sheriff of Dorset and Somersetshire, in 2g and 34 Henry VIIL and 1st of Edward VL

In 3 Edward VI he was p Knight-marshal of that army com- manded by the Lord Russell (Lord Privy Seal), sent against tlie rebels of Devonshire and Cornwall, who had besieged the city of Exeter 5 and being defeated by the King!s forces, fled into So- mersetshire, where this Sir Hugh followed them, and at King's- Weston again vanquished them, and took their leader prisoner. For these services he was, the year following, *imade Governor of the Isle of Jersey, and of Mount-Orguil castle.

In the ()th year of Q. Elizabeth, he was one of the principal commanders, who so valiantly defended Newhaven against the French/ and when Montmorency, Constable of France, by a trumpet to the Earl of Warwick, summoned him to surrender, this Sir Hugh Paulett was sent by the Earl to assure the Constable, that the English were prepared to suflfer the last extremity, before they would yield up the town without the Queen's orders. And when the forces were greatly reduced by the plague and pesti- lence, so that the Queen, in compassion to those brave soldiers that were living, gave directions to the earl of Warwick to sur- render the town,« Sir Hugh Paulett was the principal of the Com- missioners that managed the conference with the Constable of France, for the capitulation.

Dr, Fall, in his Account of the Island of Jersey, writes. That this Sir Hugh Paulett was Treasurer to Henry VIII.'s army at the siege of Boulogne; Governor of Havre de Grace, when the town was in the hands of the English ; reputed one of the best and most experienced' captains of his time, and a zealous pro- moter of the reformation in the Island of Jersey ; of which he was

m Priv.Sigil. 30 Henry VIII. » BiU. Signit. 31 Henry VIIL

o PrW. Sifil. 33 Henry VIII. P Holinihead. p. io»6.

4 Rymer, torn. XV. p. 261. r Camden's Hittory of Queen Eliubeth in Hittory of England, Vol. II. i$%. • Stow't Annals, p. 655*

EARL POULETT. ' 5

Gofemor tweDty-fbur yean, and was succeeded bj his son Sir Amias Paulett^ in 13 Eliz.

He married first Elizabeth, daughter of Walter Blount, of . Bloont Hall, com. StaflT. Esq. but had no issue by her; secondly Fhilippa^. daughter and heir to Sir Lewis Pollard, of King*s Nym- toD, in Devonshire, Knt. by whom he had issue three sons, Sir Amias Paulett; Nicholas, and George, as also a daughter, Jane, wife of Christopher Coppleston, of Coppleston, in Dcronshire, Esquire.

His eldest. son. Sir Amtas Paulett, succeeded him in the go^ Tcmment of the Isle of Jersey, as was said before; and was knighted 18 Eliz. In the year 1576, he was 'ambassador to the French King ; which high office he discharged to the entire satis- faction of his royal mistress, who expressed it in a letter which she wrote to him from Ghreenwich, O^. 22d, 1579, still prescnred in a large collection of his MSS. among the family papers. . He lired upon terras of great intimacy and friendship with all the statesmen of his own period, and with many of the principal no- bility of Ctueen Elizabeth's court ; several of whom, in their fami- liar epistles to him, have left ample testimonies of their esteem for his private worth, as well as of their approbation of his public merits. The Lord Treasurer Burleigh expresses the estimation in which his character was held at that time, in a letter written to him just before he set out on his embassy to France. '* I can give you no better council than yourself hath in store : change not your manners with the soil you go to : confirm by your actions abroad, the good opinion you have at homCi nanoely for your reli* gion and discretion.""

In 27 Eliz. the keeping of Mary Queen of Scots,* was chiefly committed to his fidelity; who so honourably discharged his trust therein, that when Secretary Walsingham moved him to suffer one of his servants to be bribed by the agents of the Qucep of Scots, the better to gain intelligence, he would on no terms consent to it. Yet though it has been said, that the custody of Mary Queen of Scots, was taken out of the hands of the Earl of Shrewsbury, be- cause ho had treated the unhappy prisoner too leniently ; Sir Amias is reported to have behaved very differently : " Even the short period of her days that remained," says Robertson, '^ they itndered uncomfortable by every hardship and indignity, which

t FalTs Accoant of Jersey, p. 91. ^ Harding's Biogr* Mirror, II. 74,

> Cunden^s Hift. pr«d. p. joi.

6 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

it was in their power to inflict. Almost all her senrants wer9 dismissed, she was treated no longer with the respect due to a queen'} and though the rigour of seventeen years imprisonment had broken her constitution, she was^ confined to two ruinoui chambers^ scarce habitable even in the middle of summer, by reason of the cold," &:c. Robertson adds, that '* after the publi- cation of her sentence, she was stripped of every remaining mark of royalty 5 the canopy of state in her apartment was pulled downj Pouleii eritcred her chamber, and approached her person without ceremony, and even appeared covered in her presence. But Poulett, though rigorous and harsh, and often brutal, in the dis- charge of what he thought his duty, as Mary's keeper, was, never* theless, a man of honour and integrity. He rejected the proposal to take away her life secretly, with disdain -, and lamenting that he should ever have been deemed capable of acting the part of an assassin, he declared, that the Queen might dispose of his life at her pleasure, but he would never stain his own honour, nor leave an everlasting mark of infamy on his posterity, by lending his hand to perpetuate so foul a crime. '*J^

It is but justice to transcribe his spirited letter to Sir Fraucii Walsingham at length ;

'* Sir, ** Your letters of yesterday coming to my hand this present day, at hvc in the afternoon, I would not fail, according to your

r Lodge, in his Illusirations of British History^ II. 307, observes, " This part of the melancholy story of Mary's imprisonment hath always been misrepresented. The common account is, that the earl of Shrewsbury having been found to treat her with too much respect and gentleness (of which, by the bye, we do not find abundance of instances), she was taken from him, and placed in the hands of 6ir Amias Poulett, and Sir Drue Drury, whose chief recommendadon wa$ a sternness and ferocity of manners, which her arch enemjr charitably hoped her delicate frame would soon sink under. We are to infer then, that Elizabeth had thought fit to dismiss the Earl, and that these persons were immediately appointed to succeed him : but our papers prove the contrary in both instances ; for they not only afford us simple evidence, that the Earl resigned his charge voluntarily, nay, that he had held it for several years most unwillingly at the Queen's instance, but also, that Mildmay and Somers immediately succeeded him j that Lord St. John was then nominated; and even in a letter written five months after the Earl had received his quietus from the council board, the appointment of Padet is spoken of as a • rumour, and Drury's name is not mentioned.'* It is well remarked, that Mr. Lodge in this work " has brought to light several events of this period, in which some of the characters appear in very different colours from those in which our modern historians have introduced them to us." 'Biogr, Mirror, II. 74.

EARL POULETT, f

directioDy to return my answer with all possible speedy which diall deliver unto you with great grief and bitterness of mind^ in that I am so unhappy to have lyven to «ee this unhappy day^ in the which I am required^ by direction of my most gracious sove- reigo^ to do an act which God and the law forbiddeth. My good livings and life are at her Majesty*s disposition $ and I am ready to lose them this next morrow, if it shall so please her^ acknow- ledging that I JuM than, as of her meet and most gracious £ivour ; and do not desire to enjoy them but with her Highness s good liking. But God forbid that I should make so foul a ship- wreck of my conscience, or leave so great a blot to my posterity, to shed blood without law or warrant. Trading that her Majesty, of her accustomed clemency, and the rather by your good media- tion, wHl take this my dutiful answer in good part, as proceed- ing from one who will never be inferior to any Christian subject living, in duty, honour, love, and obedience towards his Sovereign. And thus I commit you to the mercy of the Almighty.

Your most assured poor friend,

A. Paulett."«

In 29 Eliz. being one of the Privy-council, and Governor of the Isle of Jersey, he was in * commission for the trial of the Queen of Scots. And in the year after, on the eve of the feast of St. George, was ^ sworn, at Greenwich, Chancellor of the most noble order of the Garter : and was also Custos Rotulorum of the county of Somerset,

He died in 1568, and was buried on the north side of the chan- cel in the church of St. Martin in the Fields, London, where a noble monument was erected to his memory, of the Ionic order, with his effigies carved at full length, lying in armour, fenced with iron rails, and this inscription :

Honoratissimo Patri D. Amitto Pouleto, Eguito aurato, InsuLm . Jers^ pnefecto, apud Chris danissimum Regem quondam legato, Nohilissimi Ordinis Garterii Cancellario, et serenissim^g Principis EUzabetluie Consiliario, Antonius Pouletus Jilius hoc Pietatis Mo^ numentum mcerens posuii, %

> S«e another letter of Sir Amias, printed in the Appendix to Robertson; and iAted from Chartley, loth Sept. 1586, which doei not appear quite so creditable to bim.

» Camden's Hist. p. 50a. *» Ashmolc's Order of the Garter, p. 511,

S PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

GardexiaFay. Quod verlo servarefidem, Pouleiie, solebas,

Quam bene conveniuni hiec tria verba Hbi ^ Quod gladio servarefidem^ PouleUe, solebas,

Quam bene conveniuni hcec tria signa Hbi ^ Patria ie sensit, sensit Reginajidelem,

Sicjidus civis, sicque Senator erets. Tejidum ChristuSy tefidum Ecclesia sensii.

Sic servos inter mullaperidajidem. Ergo quod servo Princeps, Ecclesia nato, ^

Patri quodjido cive sit orba dolet. Interea Ckristus drfuncti facta corenat,

A quo servatam viderat essefidem.'^^' Margareta Poulett hoc Epitaphium motroris simul et ameris sui perpetuum testem Amitio conjugi suo carissimo clarissimoq-, dicavits

* By the inquisition taken on Jan. 15tb^ 158&-Q, at the city of Wells, in the county of Somerset, it appears that Sir Amias Pou- lett, Knt. died on September 26th, 1588, and was^ at the time of his decease, sewed of the manor of Gcorge-Hintou, with appurte- nances in Henton; the manors of Bymyngton, Henton-park, and farm of Combe; the manors of Chascomb, Knolle, JUeigh, Stock-* linch, Shepton, Roade, Sherston, and Stalleigh, with the advowson of the church ; the manor of Curry Mallet, and Ruton, and advow- ^n of the church and park of Curry Mallet, by patent, 5 th July, in 8 Eliz. all in the county of Somerset ', and the rectory with ad- vowson of the church and park of Curry-Mallet, by patent, July 6th, in 8th Eliz. i also one fourth of the manor of Crewkheme, and one fourth of the hundred of Crewkherne, all in the county of Somerset ; one third of the manor of Marshland- Vale, in the county of Dorset 3 the manors of Stamford Peverell, Uplomyn, with the advowson of the church, Halberton, and Boyes, in the county of Devon; and a grapary, with garden-land to the same belonging, containing one acre, in Clerkenwell, in the county of Middlesex. And that Anthony Poulett was his son and heir, and then of the age of twenty-five years, by his wife Margaret, daughter and heir of Anthony Harvey, qf Columb John, in com, Devon, Esq. He had issue by her three sons -, Hugh, who died in his infancy. Sir Apthony Poulett, an4

c See this inscription, with some Additions, in Bardln^t B'ngr, Mhror, IJ. 77, w)iere is a portnit of Sir Amias. See also Fuller*s Worthies, Som. 24. d Coles Esc. UU. 5. N. ^1. p. 328, in Bibl. Harley.

EARL POULETT. g

George Paolett, of Gotharst, in com. Somerset, in right of his wife Elizabeth, dauf^ter and heir of Edward Paalett, of the same fdace, Esq. lineally descended from John Fbulett, of Gothurst, brother to Sir William Poolett befiMrementioned, who first resided St Henten St. George.

Also three daughters, Joan, married to Robert Heydon, of Bowood, in com. Devon., Esq. Sarah, first wife of Sir Francis Vincent, of Stoke-Dabernon, in Surry, Knt. and Bart, and Eli- nbetfa, who died nnmarned.

His eldest surviving son and heir. Sir Anthony Poulett, was alfo « constituted Governor of the Isle of Jersey, on the death of his father 3 was likewise Captain of the go^rd to queen EHz. who conferred the honour of knighthood on him; and in 16OO, he d^arted this life. He 'married, in 1583, Catherine, sole daugh- ter to Henry Lord Norreys, Baron of Rycot, by whom he had issue John his son and heir, and

Henry second^ son, from whom the family at Preston, and those that were of Taunton, 'in Somersetshire, descended.

And two daughters, Margery, married to John Sidenham, of Combe, in the county of Somerset, Esq. and Susan, the wife of Sir Peter Prideaux, of Netherton, in Devonshire, Bart.

Which John Poolett, Esq. first Lord Poulbtt, being a veiy accomplished gentleman, of quick and clear parts, and a bountiful house-keeper (as Fuller in his Worthies of England re- lates^). King Charles L consigned Mpns. Soubize unto him, who gave him and his retinue many months liberal entertainment. Afier which he was by letters patent, bearing date June 23d, 1627, advanced * to the dignity of a Baron of this realm by the title of LoBD Poulbtt, of Hinton St. George. He was l^knighted with his eldest fon. Sir John Poulett, by the earl of Lindsey, on board bis Majesty's ship the Mary-honour, on September 27th, 1635, with four other persons of quality ; being in that fieet then sent oat to secure our commerce, the Spanish bullion, &c. in English bottoms, which was expected home, and thought to be in danger from the Hollanders, who had lately made a league with France against Spain. Which service our fleet performed.

« Fairs Account of Jersey, p. 94. f Holinshed, p. 13^5.

f He died 8ch May, buried at Bishop's Lydiard, co. Somerset. Where

it an inscription for Malet Poulet, son of Henry Poulet, Esq. who w«s buried Jicre, a3d Nov. 1672, aged 58 ; and Margaret, s:ster to Malet Poulet, who died )4th October, 1683. CoHimon, Vol II. 496.

• * lo com. Somerset, p. 32. ' Pat. 3 Car. I. p. 80.

k Cat. of Knights, p. 152.

10 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

In the year l640, he wai summoned to that conncil appointed to meet at York, to advise his Majesty what method should be taken with the Scots, who had then inraded the northern parts of the kingdom. And this meeting producing a treaty at Rippon, he was appointed by the King, with seventeen other Peers, com- missioners for that purpose^ being (as Lord Clarendon writes' )> ail popular men, and not one of them of much interest in the courr^ except the earl of Hdland. But when the Parliament that met soon after, engaged in designs (as he thought) prejudi* cial to his M2yesty*s interest, he manifested the greatest dislike thereof, and immediately repaired to his Majesty at York j where be, with many other Lords and Counsellors, on June 15th, l642/^ aobscribed a declaration, disavowing any intention, either in the King, or themselves, of raising war against the Parliament. And an unnatural rebellion <^>enly breaking out soon after, he most loyally engaged both himself and his eldest son in the royal cause; and having accepted of a commission to raise a regiment of 1500 foot, he ''accompanied the MarqUis of Hertford into the west of England, by whose great reputation, and the interest of this Lord Poulett, with some other gentlemen of prime quality there, his Majesty hoped to form an army in those parts able to relieve Portsmouth, then besieged by the Parliament's forces; *' they being (as Lord Clarendon writes),*^ like to give as good examples in their persons, and to be followed by as many men, as any such number of gentlemen in England could be.*' However, after having, with less than 1000 men, withstood an army of 7OOQ, commanded by the Earl of Bedford, and finding themselves un- able, by reason of his coming, to draw more forces together, the Marquis and the Lord Poulett p transported themselves into Wales, where they raised 2000 foot,'^ and one regiment of horse.

In the year 1644, he was one of the principal comn^nders that besieged Lyme, in Dorsetshire,'' which, after many gallant at- tacks, being almost reduced, was supplied with provisions by the Earl of Warwick, and the siege raised soon after by the Earl of Essex. Thereupon the Parliament voted, that lOOOl. perannum» out of the Lord Poulett's estate, should be given to the inhabit- ants, in recompence for their service. The same year 'he met his Majesty a mile from Exeter, in order to conduct him to that city i

> Hist, of the Rebellion, 8vo. Vol. I. p. 155. « Ibid. p. 05^, 656.

■ Ibid. p. 08r. o Hist. prxd. p. 715. P Ibid. Vol. II. p. 20.

H ibid. p. 127. r Whitloclc*s Meaoiials, p. S6.

• Wilkcr's Historical D sc. p. 47.

EARL POULETT. 11

and 00 September 30th> following, bad the booour to ^entertain bim at bis seat at Henton St. George. The year following the King was unsaccessful in all bis undertakings,^ and the kingdom being reduced to the obedience of the Parliament, be endeavoured to compound for bis estate* But the houses of Pe^rs and Com* mens differing in their opinions, the Lords ■ thinking fit to pardon bim, and the Commons dissenting, be on April 20tb, 1646,^ ob- tained leave to stay at Exeter, until be should compound with the Parliament, or get a pass to transport himself out of England. However, on May 2d following, after a sharp debate, be, at the request of the Genera], was 'permitted to compound ,-jmd the same day, on a petition from the town of Lyme, it was ordered tbey should have reparation out of bis estate for the losses they bad snared by bim. How far this was complied with, appears not; but bis composition was not settled till three years after, when, on March 6th, 1648-^,7 it was voted to be 4,2001. and at the same time Sir John Poulett, bis son* was likewise allowed to compound for 3^60 1.

This noble peer departed this life on Mareh 20tb, 1649,» bar- ing taken to wife, Elizabeth, daughter and coheir to Christopher Ken, of Ken- Court, in com. Somerset, Esq. who survived bim, and was married secondly to John Ashburnbam, of Asbburob^m, in com. Suss. Esq. (ancestor to the present Earl of Ashbumbam), by whom be had three sons and five daughters ; viz. John, bis successor;

Francis, who married Catherine, daughter to Robert Creigbton, Bishop of Bath ;

And Amias Poulett.

Fk>rence, married to Thomas Smith, of Long-Asbton, in So- merset, Esq. ancestor to Sir John Smith of the same place. Ba- ronet; secondly to Colonel Thomas Pigot, of the kingdom of Ireland;

Margaret, first to Dennis Rolle, of Stepheuton, in com. Devon, Esq.; secondly to Sir Richard Cholmley, of Grosinont, in com. Bbor. Kilt. Banneret, Governor of Axminster, for Charles I.; and lastly, to colonel Edward Cook, of Highnam, in cont. Gloucest.

Susanna, to Michael Warton, of Beverley, in com. Ebor. Esq.

Helena, to William Wilmot, son and heir to Sir George Wil- mot, of Charlton, Jn Berkshire, Knt, and "dying May 12th, 1651,

« Walker's Historical Difc. p. 98. n Whitlock praed. p. 20a.

' Ibid. p. 207. X Ibid. p. 208. 7 Ibid. p. 278.

* There is a portrait of him in Harding's British Cabinet. * Lc Neve's Mon. Ang. Vol. II. p. 6.

12 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND:

Was buried in Wantage charcb^ m the same coanty^ where a mo* nument is erected to her memoiy ;

Elizabeth^ 'youog^t daughter^ was married first to WilHam Ashbumharo, of Ashbarnham^ in com. Suss. Esq. ancestor by her to the present Earl 5 and afterwards to Sir William Hartop, of Rothcrby, in com. Leicest. Knt.

John, his eldest son and heir^ second Baron, received the honour of knighthood in his father's lifetime, as before observed | and being elected Knighl of the shire for the county of Somerset to that Parliament, which met on Nov. 3d, 164O, he eminently manifested his loyalty to his sovereign during the civil wars. He had the command of a regiment of foot, after the rebellion broke oat in Ireland, and served some time in that kingdom. But in the year 1643, it was ^transported out of Munster for the service of the west, where he served. In 1645, he was besieged in the castle of Winchester (where the lord Ogle commanded in chief), by Cromwell, who first summoned them to surrender, but being refused, he battered it so long with his guns, that he made a breach in the walls fit to enter, on which the castle was delivered up, October 14th, and the. ofiicers and soldiers conveyed to Wood- stock. He afterwards compounded for his estate; and having lived to see the restoration of Charles II. departed this life at his . manor-house of Court de Wecke, in Somersetshire, on Septem- ber I5th, 1665, in the fiftieth year of his age^ and was buried at Hinton St. George.

He married two wives ; first, Catherine, daughter and coheir of that famous General Sir Horatio Vere, Knt. Lord Vere of Til- bury in Essex, widow of Oliver St. John, Esq. by whom he h^d issue two sons, John and Horatio ; and three daughters, Eliza- beth, married to Sir John Sjrdenham, of Brimpton, in com. So- merset, Bart, who, dying anno 1669, was buried at Brimpton 1 Vere died unmarried j and Catherine, wedded to Mr. Secretary Johnston.

His Lordship married secondly Anne, second daughter and co* heir to Sir Thomas Brown, of Walcot(B, in com. Northamp. Bart. («she surviving him, was secondly married to Sir John Strode, of Chantmarle, in Dorsetshire^ Knt.) by whom he had issue two tons, Amias, and Charles ; also four daughters, Anne, Florence, and Mary, who all died young; and Margaret, married to Francis

^ CVer.don pwed. Vol. IV. p. 46*.

< HuCcIhds's Do:8;'shirr, Vol. 1. p. 27o«

EARL POULEXr- 13

Y«iUbrd> of Fulford^ io Deyooshire^ Esq. 'she died lOSQ, aged tweoty-five.

JoHir, his eldest son and heir, succeeded him in honour and esaU, as third Baron. On July 6th, 1674, he was appointed Lord-lieatenaot of the county of Dorset, and dying about the year 168O, left issue by bis first wife, Essex, eldest daughter to Alexander Popham, of Litllecote, in com. Wilts, Esq. two daugh* ters, Catherine, second wife to William Lord Lempster, and Letitia, to Sir Wil'iam Monson, of Broxburn, in Hertfordshire, Bart.

By his second lady, Susan, daughter of Philip, Earl of Pem- broke, be had issue, his only son and heir,

JOHK, FOURTH LORO AND FIRST £aRL PoULSTT, who SOOQ

after the accession of Queen Anne to the throne, was sworn of her Prify-council ; and having been one of the Ooromissioners for the treaty of Union, anno 1706, was the same year, on Dec. 2Q\h, created yiscount Hinton Si, George, and Earl Poulett. For some years his Lordship declined accepting of several places of great distinction ; and at length Queen Anne desired to have him appointed first Lord-commissioner of the Treasury, which his Lordship accepted on August Sth^ 17^0; in which high fla- tion be continued till the year lyn, when, on June 13th, he was declared Lord-fieward of her Majesty's household. He was also appointed, June 10th, 1/02, Lord Lieutenant of the county oC Devon, and Gustos Rotulorum of Somersetshire, March 2d, 1712-13. On Oct. 26th, 1712, at a chapter then held, he was elected a Knight companion of the most noble Order of the Gar- ter, but was not installed till August 4th following ; when his Lordship was Lord-steward of the household, Lord-lieutenant and Gustos Rotulorum of Devonshire, and Gustos Rotulorum of So- mersetshire, iie lived in the latter part of his life at his country seats, and died on May 28th, 17^43, in the 81st year of his age.

His Lordship married Bridget, daughter and coheir to Pere« grine Bertie, of Waldershare,* in Kent, Esq. brother to Robert, Earl of Lindsey, and uncle to Robert, Duke pf Ancaster; and by her had four sons, and four daughters 3 1. John, second Earl Poulett

2. Peregrine, twin with his brother, John, born Dec. 10th, 17O8J- who, on a vacancy, was chose Member for Bossincy, in

* Hotchim** Dorsetshire, Vol. I. p. 524.

* By the coheiresses of the Mo jins family of WAlierthare, Baronets. Set Topofr. 1 16«

U PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

May, 1737, and died member for Bridgwater, Aog. 26th, 175^, and was buried at Hinton St. George.

3. Vere, third Earl Poulctt.

4. Anne, born July nth, 1711, so named by her Majesty Ouecn Anne, his godmother. Member for Bridgwater, in Soraer- setshire, 1768, 1774, I78O, 1784; died July 5th, 1735.

5. Lady Bridget, born March 1st, 1702, married, on May 2Ist, 1724, to Polexfen Bastard, of Catlcy, in Devonshire, Esq. and died July 21st, i;73.

6. Lady Catherine, born March 23d, 1706, who was wedded, on June 26ih, 1725, to John Parker, Esq. son and heir of George Parker, of Boringdon, in the county of Devon, Esq. and died on August l6lh, 1758 J leaving issue John, created Lord Bsringdon, 1784, &c.

7. Lady Susanna, borri April 17th, 1714; died Dec. 13th, 17885 and,

8* Lady Rebecca, bom April Qlh, 1716, who died unmarried March 4tb, 1765, and was burled at Hinton St. George.

John succeeded his father in his honours and estate, as second Earl Poulbtt. He was called up by writ to the house of Peers, Jan. 17th, 1733-4, by the title of Lord Poulett, Baron of Hin* ton St. George, with precedence according to the creation of John, Lord Poulett, June 23d, 3 Car. I. and was appointed one of the Lords of his Majesty's bed-chamber. On March 21st, 1743, he was constituted Lord-lieutenant and Gustos Rotulorum of the county of Somerset : but in March, 1755, resigned his place of Lord of the Bedchamber. On the accession of the present King, his Lordship was continued in the officer of Lord-lieutenant and Gustos Rotulorum of Somersetshire, and enjoyed them at his death, which happened on November 5th, 17^4, when he was also Co- lonel of the first battalion of the militia of that county, and Re- corder of Bridgwater,

His Lordship dying a bachelor, his estate and titles devolved on bis brother Vere, bcforementioned, third Earl Poulett, bom May 18th, 1710, who was elected, in 1741, one of the members for the borough of Bridgwater, to the ninth Parliament of Great Britain} on November l6th, 1/64, was chosen Recorder of Bridgwaterj and Jan. 23d, 1771, was appointed Lord-lieutenant of the county of Devon, and of the city of Exeter j also Custos Rotulorum of the same. He died April 14th, 1788, set. seventy- eight.

His Lordship, in 1754, married Mary, daughter of Richard

KABL POULETT. 15

Bott, of AriiDgbam, in .Gloucestershire, Esq. and by her had issne, John, fourth Earl $

And, second, Vcrc, born in May 176I ; who in 1808 became a Lieutenant General in the Army, and is now on half-pay. He married Miss Beechei' (since dead), by whom he has issue, Mary- Anne; Anne-Lmcyj John; Vcre-Bridgct ; Harriet- Jane 5 and Charlotte Anne. In I790, and I8O6, he was elected M. P. for Bridgwater.

John, eldest son, succeeded his father in 1788, as fourth Earl Poulbtt. He was born April 7th, 1756. He was married at St. George*s, Hanover Square, llth June 1782, to Miss Po- cocke, daughter of the late Admiral Sir George Pocockc, Knight of the Bath, by whom he has issue,

1. John, Lord Hinton, born July 5th, 1783.

2. Sophia, bom March l6ih, 1785.

3. William, bom Sept. 12th, 1789, in the Army; died Dec. 1805.

4. Vere, bom Dec. 7th, 1791.

5. Harriet-Bridget- Anne, born July 4lh, 1793.

6. Frederick-Charies, born July 6ih, 1794.

His Lordship was in 1795 appointed a Lord of the Bedcham« her, which office he still holds; was Colonel of the Somersetshire Regiment of Fencible Cavalry in the late war; and is Colonel of the Militia of that county.

Titles. John Poulett, Earl Poulett, Viscount and Baron Pou* left, of Hinton St. Crcorge.

Creations. Baron Poulett, of Hinton St. George, in the county of Somerset, June 23cl, 1627, 3 Car. I. Viscount of the same place, and Eari Poulett, Dec. 24th, 1706, 5th of Queen Anne.

Arms. Sable, three swords in pile, their points in base. Ar- gent, pomels and hilts Or.

Crest. On a wreath, an arm embowed in armour, and bran- dishing a sword, all proper.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a savage roan ; on the sinister, a womau, both proper, wreathed about their loins and temple* with ivy. Vert.

Motto. Gardez la foy.

Chief-Seats. At Hinton St. George in the couuty of Somerset; and at Buckland in the county of Dorset.

16 PEERAGE OF ;i.NGLAND.

CIIOLMONDELEY, EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY.

It is singular^ that the two great Cheshire families of Egbrton and Cholmokdslbt^ though they earlj took different surnames, spruDg from the same male stock.

That names of men aud places have been variously written, is well known to all who have looked into our records, whereof there is an instance in this family of Cholmondeley, denominated from the lordship of Cholmondeley, in the hundred of Broxton, in Cheshire, the name having been written twenty-five several ways; viz. Chulmundele, Chulmundelly, Cbelmonsleigh, Chel- mundelegh, Cholmonelegh, &c. as is evident from divers old deeds in the custody of the present Earl of Cholmondeley. In Domesday-Book (which contains an account of the lands, lord- ships, &c. in the several counties in England, except Westmore- land, Cumberland, Northumberland, and Durham, and was begun « in the 14ih of William the Conqueror, as the Red-book in the Exchequer manifests, but not finished till the 20th, as t!^ book itself -declares), it was wrote Calmundelei, and at that time was part of the possessions of Robert, son of Hugh, Baron of Malpas, Which Hugh also held in Cestrescire, as the same book testifies (besides the lordship of Calmundelei), the manors of Bedesfeld, Burwardeston, Hurdingebery, Depeubeche (now called Malpas), Tillestone, Christestone, Eghe, Hantone, Lawe- cbedone, Dochintone, Cetelea, Brosse, Overtone, Cuntitone, Socheliche, Tusigeham, BicheJey, Bieretone, Burwardeslev, Creuhalle, Tidni8tane, Bristone, Bolebery. Tivertone, Spurre- jtcwe, Fentoue^Sudetone, Butelege, and Cocneche. But the said

» Spclman's GIotMry, p. 176.

EARL OF CHOLMONDELET, 17

Robert dying without issue male, the baroDy of Malpos, with the ]ordahip of Calmundelei^ &<c> devolved on his onlj daughter and heir Lettice, married to Richard ob Bblwaro/ whose son (or grandaon), William de Belward, was married to Beatrix, daugh- ter^ of Hugh Kiviliock, the fifth earl of Chester, and coheir to her brother Randal, Earl of Chester. He was, in right of his mother. Baron ofMalpas, though it is said hj some, that he had odIj half of the barony; but it is agreed by Sir William Dugdale,* and other of our antiqoaries, that he left issue three sons; David^ fiobert, hereafter mentioned, and Richard.

David, who firom being Clerk (or Secretary), to the Eari of Chester, was sometimes wrote le Clerk, as also de Mai pas, suc« eeeded his fether at Malpas $ and after the earldom of Chester was annexed to the crown,^ was Sheriff of the county of Chester, 10 36 Henry III. bearing the name of David de Malpas. He left issue Sir William de Malpas, who died without lawful issue; PhUip,8 second son, who seating himself at Egbrton, left that surname to his posterity, from whom the family of Eobrtow if

k Camden^ tn hit TnoHse on Sitmamis, laja :

" For Tariety and alteration of names in one family, upon diverse respscts, I Will give yoo one Cheshire example for all, out of an ancient roll belonging to Sir William Brereton, of Brereton, Knight, which I saw twenty years since.

** Not long after the Conquest, William Belward, lord of the moiety of Mai. pif, had two sofli, Dan David, of Malpas, lumamed Le Cierlt, and Richard. Dao David bad William, hit eldest son, lumamed tU Maipas \ his lecoad ton wataamcd PkU^ Gogk^ one of the issue of whose eldest sons took the name of £|erton i a third son took the name of David Golborne $ and one of his sons the ■ame of Goodman. Richard, the other son of the aforesaid William Belward, had three sons, who took also divers names ; viz. Thomas de Cstgrave ; Wil* fiam de Overton $ and Richard Little, who had two fons ; the one named Kea Clarke, aad the ether John Richardsoa. Herein you may note alteration ef naaMt ia icapect of habitation, in Egerton, Cotgrave, Overton. In respect of colour^ ia Gogh, that is. Red) in respect of quality, in him that was called Goodman | in respect of stature, in Richard Little j in respect of learning, in Ken-CIatke ; 2 a respect of the father's Christian name, in Richardson : all descending from WiOiam Belward.

** And verily, the gentlemen of those so different names in Cheshire, Would sot easily be induced to believe they were descended horn one house, if it were not warranted by so ancient a proof." CamJ, Rem, 1637. p. 14't.

c Records, Ac. hojus Fam. MS. p. 103, 104. penes Praehon. Geo. com. CbUmondeley.

d Banks supposes her to have been illegitimate. Etctinct Feerage, I. 203.

« Ex Stemmate penes Job. Egerim de Oidtwi, Arm. f Leicefter's Antiquities of Cheahire, p. 178. f Ex Stemmate de Famif. de Egerton, penes Job. Egertoa, prxd. TOL. IV. C

18 P££RA6£ OF ENGLAND.

deseeiided, whereof the present Earls of Bridgwater and JVtUon are derived.

Peter, another of the sons of the said David, took the name of Clerk I and his posterity, seated at Thomttm, bore that surname, as was CQstomary in those tioaes> Which line terminated in the reign of Edward III. in six daughters and coheirs of Sir Peter le Clerk.

I now return to Robert, second son of William, Baron of Malpas, of whom I am principally to treat, being the direct an- cestor to this femily of Cholmondeley, as all antiquaries agrees lor having, by the gift of his father, the lordship of Cholm on* DBLBY, and fixing his residence there,^ he assumed that surname (as was most usual in those times), which his posterity hath ever since retained. He married Mabel, daughter of Robert Fitz-Nigely Baron of Halton, with whom he had the lordship of Christletoo; and a release of the hospital of Cholmondeley.

^'Their son and heir was Sir Hugh db Chblmundblrioh, as the name was then wrote in a charter,^ without date, of Robert, 8on of Liulph, and Mabilla his wife, whereunto the said Sir Hugh de Chelmundeligh, and Robert, his son, were witnesses. He had a release from Ranu1ph,m Earl of Chester, for himself and bis heirs, of all right of suits of courts, and justice, owing to the hundred of Broxstone, for his lands of Cholmunddey. Which release is without date (as in old times was usual), but is witnes- sed by Philip de Orelne, Justice of Chester, in the » banning of the reign of Henry III. and many others. The said Sir Hugh is also mentioned in a fine, in 14 Henry III.^ between Sibil, daugh- ter of William de Goldbume, and William Clerk, of Handley, levied before William de Vernon, then Justice of Chester. He married Felice, natural daughter of Ranulph de Blundeville, Earl of Chester and Lincoln,i* by whom he had the beforementioned Robert, lus son and heir; Richard, second son; and a daughter, FeUce.

Which RoBBRT, in several old deeds, is written Lord of Chol- mondeley; and Simon de Christdton, styling him nepoti %%xo, ^releases to him his claim of two bovates of land, with the ap*

^ MS. de Famil. de Cholmondeley, pned, p. 104.

i Dogdale^s Baronage, Vol. II. p. 474. ^ Ibid.

1 Cart* penei Hen. Manwaring de Croxton, Arm.

m Ex Scrip. Tbo* Atton de Alton, Bar.

n I.eicester*i Antiquities of Cheahire, p. x 78.

o Fines 14 Henry UI. in Offic. Prothon* Ceftr.

r Eg Stemmate. ^ MS* ot aatct> ?• 6.

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. , 1»

pnrteoanoeft in .ChristeltoD^ which Sir Hc^h de Chelmunddejr, brother to him the said Simon de Christelton, gave to him* Which land^ this Robert de Chelmondeley gave by charter to the abbey of Chester, with his body to be buried in the churchyard of St. Weibagh : Richard de Cbelmandeley^ his brother^ releas* ing hit claim thereto, as is evident from charters entered in the ledger book of the abbey of Chester. He married Beatrix, dav^ter to Urian St. Peire,' or (as others), daughter of David le Clerk, baron of half the barony of Malpas, and sister to Idonea, the wife of Urian de St. Peire, by whom he had issue his son and bdr,

Richard, wrote Lord of Cbolmondeley, in a deed without date,* wherein he grants to Hugh, his son and heir, all his lands in CholaxHideley, Wythall, &c. He married Margery, sbter and coheir of Richard de Kingsley,^ and daughter of Sir Richard de Kingsley (Lord of Kingsley, Norley, Newtoo, Codington, and of the bally wick of Delamere-forest), who was great-grandson of Randle de Kingsley, who had the forestership of Delamere, of the grant of Randle, the first Earl of Chester of that name. The said Margery is mentioned in 29 Henry III. as one of the coheirs of Ridiard de Kingsley, her brother; and surviving her husband, grants, by deed without date,* to Hugh de Camera, her kinsman, and his heirs, one plow-land in Aston, paying one pair of white gtoves yearly, at the feast of the Nativity of St. John Baptist, and one knee every second jedx \ whereunto are witnesses, Robert de Cdmundele, and others 5 and her seal, appendant, is a branch of a tree, circumscribed, in old characters, S. Margarie Celmundele. She had issue three sons (of whom, Richard, the eldest, died with- out issue) } and several daughters.

The eldest surviving son was Hugh de Chdmondeley, men- tioned in several deeds, in the reign of Edward L and IL He married Catherine, daughter of William de Spurstow, and left issue, Richard, his son and heir; William, hereafter mentioned; Robert, and Thomas.

Robert is wrote son of Hugh de Cholmundelegh, in a writ of error, 23 Edward I1I.« concerning hinds in Wyncham, near Pic- nicrj wherein he, and Alice his wife (daughter and coheir to John de Wasteneys, of Wyncham, in Cheshire), were, with

' MS. p. 8^. • E< Collett. Will. Vernon de Sbakerley.

( Ex SceiBfD«ce dc Kiogiley. « Cart, penet Tho. Alton dt Alton, Sir.

^ £x Origin. U Cutro Cestr.

2Q PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

others^ pltintiffs. Also in 35 Edward III. hex gare in trust to Hugh del Halgh, chaplain, his property in all bis lands in Cbor- icy, Wcrlcston, Bcrkcsford, and Wich-Malbank, to which chartier, John de Delves, then Lieutenant and Justice of Chester, was a witness. He left issue two sons, William, and John,* wrote soa of Robert de Cholmundelcy, of Chorlcjr, in 13 Henrj IV. at which time he had the guardianship of John, son and heir of William Crew de Send. He succeeded his brother William, at Chorley, in the 4th year of Henry IV." as appears by inquisitioa taken after his death 5 and in the 9th year of Henry V. is wrote John de Cholmondclcy de Chorley j and,** with Robert, his wou, grants to Margaret, wife of Edmund de Munsale, a moiety of the village of Wyncham. From the said Robert, who married AHce, daughter of Sir Robert Needham, of Shenton, descended John Cholmondeley, of Chorley, who, by Joan his wife, daughter and coheir of Thomas Heyton,^ was father to Sir Richard Cholmoo- deley. Lieutenant of the Tower of London^ and Roger Cholmon* deley. Knight of the Eody to King Henry VIlI.i be died asth April, 1538 i and by Catherine, daughter of Richard Consuble, of Flamborough, in Yorkshire, had Sir Richard Cholmondeley, of Thornton, wko married Margaret, daughter of William Lord Conyers, and became lineal anqestor to the Cholmondekys of IVhitby, in Yorkshire}

I now return to Richard, eldest son of Hugh de Cholmoode* ley, by Catherine his wife, daughter of William de Spuntow. Which Richard, by his charter « without date, releases to Richard, son of Pagan, and his heirs (in consideration of five marks), a qmt-rent of 10s. per ann. for land held of him in Christleton* Farva} but reserves for homage and service, a pair of while

7 £x Collect. W. Verooa de Shakerley, a Record in Cattio Ccstr.

> Ibid, in 13 Henry iV. • £•. 4 Henry IV. In Caitro Cettr.

* £s. Collect. W. Vernon de Shakerley, prxd. c £s Stemmate.

d Hugh Chohnley, Eiq« represented Hey don la Parliament, from 170S t» t7»t« He was Sunreyor of the Klng*t Honours, Catties, ftc and a Commis- aiooer of the VictnaUing Office. A few years ago, a ctirioiis FamHj Mnmir of thie branch was printed for private distribution. Sir Edward Dering, qf Sorea- den, !n Kent, Bart, married Elisabeth, eldest daughter and coheir of Sir William Cholmky, of Whitby, in Yorkshire, Bart, by whom he was father of Sir Chohn- ley Dering, Bart, who died 171 1.

In 1562, Sir Roger Cholmley was Chief Justice of the Queen*s Bench, and wu fouader of » free Grammar School, at Homsey, in Middlefes. See l^tem^ Mmirmttf III. 64, but I know not of what branch he waa. « Ex CoHect. Ra. Holme de CeMr. Gen.

\

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY, 21

^oves yearly, on the feast of St. John Baptist^ according to the ckarter of Robert de Cholmundeley, granted to the said Richard^ SOD of P^an. And beiug also wrote Richard, son of Hugh de Gholmundeley/ was summoned in 13 Edward II. to the court of pleas at Chester, to answer Thomas, Abbot of St. Werburgh, why he destrained the chattels of the said Abbot, in WardhuU de- mesnes, in Halghton. To which he pleaded, that the seizure was just 3 it being not in the town of Halghton, but in Rowe- Cbristleton, the lordship of which town belonged to him the said Richard de Cholmundeley. On what account he had this con- troversy with the Abbot, does not appear; but the same year he sommoned the said Abbot, and William de Bebynton, to answer why (hey seized and detained his chattels at Hull, near Wades- dale, in Row Cbristleton : whereunto the Abbot pleaded, that he took them not in Cbristleton, but in Halghton demesnes, belong- ing to the manors of Huntington, and Halghton. He was living in 9 Edward III, being then wrote Richard de Cholmundeley, senior; and^ with Mabilla his wife, were k deforciants, in a fine levied before William de Clinton, Justice of Chester. Also in 31 Edward III. Richard, son of Hugh de Cholmundeley,** claimed view of frank-pledge, waifs, strays, &c. in Cholmondley ; and the same year being styled Richard Lord of Cholmondley,^ claimed the privilege of holding courts for trial of all manner of .pleas within his demesnes of Cholmondley and Cbristleton.

He left issue, Richard, his son and heir, who departed this life without issue, in 35 Edward III. and by inquisition ^ taken after his death, William, son of Hugh de Cholmondley, was found to be his next heir ; and that Maud, wife of Richard de Choi- tnondley, &ther of the said Richard, held in dower four messuages^ amd do acres of land in Cholmondley.

Which William married Elizabeth, daughter to Sir William de Brereton, of Brereton, Knt. and was dead in 4Q Edward III. when the said William de Brereton, Knt. had, in consideration of the snm^ 66 \. 13 8. 4d. payable to the King within the term of seven years, the guardianship of Richard, son and heir of William de Cholmondeley, and his marriage, without dispar ragement 3 as also the reversion of the dowry (when it shall hap-

f PUciuCom. Cestr. 13 Edw. II*

S Fiues in Prothon. OfEc. Cestr. 9. Edw. III.

^ PUcita Com. Cestr. 31 Edw. III. I Ibid. ,

fc Efc. 35 Edward. Ill in Cast. Cest.

1 Cart, penes Will. Domini Broetoa de Brereton.

32 P£ERAG£ OF ENGLAND.

peo)> of Maud^ wife of the late Richard de Cbolmondley. And if the said Richard, son and heir of William de Cholmondley, should die before he attained his full age, that he the said Sir William de Brereton should have the guardianship and marriage of Catharine and' Margery, sisters of the aforesaid Richard de Cholmoodley.

Which Richard de Cholmondley married two wives; Anne, daughter of John Bromley, of Badington, and Alice, daughter of Richard de HenhuU, of Henhull. Which Richard de Henhull dying in 1 1 Rich. II: the said Alice was found (by the inqiiisi* tion taken after his death), to be his daughter and coheir,*^ and then the wife of Richard de Cholmondelegh, as the name at that time was wrote.

His son and heir was William de Cholmondley,'* who died before him in 10 Henry IV. having issue by his wife, Maud, daughter of Sir John Cheyney, of Willaston in Wirral, in com. Cestr. Knt. (and coheir to her mother, Maud, daughter and co« heir to Thomas de Capenhurst), ^Richard his son and heir, and John Cholmondley, second son of Copenhall, in Staffordshire, an- cestor to the Choltnondleys of Capenhall, and others.

RicHAKD de Cholmondeley, eldest son, is mentioned p in thp fine rolls in 4 Edw. IV. as one of the Justices in the county of Chester, before whom fines are levied, as also in 22 Edw. IV. when^ he was wrpte Richard de Cholmondelegh, senior 5 and likewise in 2 Hen. VII. He departed this life in 4 Hen. Vll.r as the inquisition taken after his death shews ; and having mar- lied Ellen, daughter of John Davenport, of Davenport, Esq. had issue his son and heir,

Richard de Cholmondley, who married Eleanor, fifth daughf ter of Sir Thomas Dutton, of Dutton, and sister and coheu: to John, her brother, who died before he was of full age.* Which &mily of Dutton, descended from Huddard Lord of Dutton, bro- ther to Nigel, Baron of Halton ; and were enriched by the mar* riages of the heirs of Minshul, of Minshul, and of Sir Piers Thornton, of Thornton, in Cheshire. A Cluo Warranto was brought in 15 Henry VII.' against William de Wilbraham» Thoipas Booth, and Richard Belputon, feoffees of and in the

n Es. zi Rich. II. in (past. Ce8tr. n Ex Stemmate in MS. pned.

• Ibid. P Fines 4 Edw. IV. in Castro Cestr.

9 Ibid. 2% Edw. IV. and 2 Hen. VII. r £sc. 4 Hen. VII.

• Ex Stem, de Dottpn in MS. prxd* p. 100.

< Qiio yrarranto 15 Hen. VII. in Offic. Prothon. Cestr.

EARL OP CHOLMONDELEY. Is

lands and tenements of Richard de Chdmonddej^ of Cholmon- dekj, Esq. to answer to the Prince and Earl of Chester^ by what antboritjr they claimed Tiew of frank pledge in the manor <^ Cboknonddeyj and waifs and strays there^ and to be discharged ihxn snit or senrice to the Earl's court, and oF the hundred of Donstoo, & de uno Jndice, &c. Wherennto they produced an ezemptioQ as to the suit of court, & de uno Judice, by the charter of Rannlph Earl of Chester and Lincoln, granted to Hugh de Cholmondeley, wherein he was discharged of those services ; and as to view of frank pledge, waifs and strays, they pleaded pie* scription. This Richard de Cholmondeley was a benefactor to the church of Badeley 5 upon which account, his figure, accord- ing to the custom of those times, was painted in glass, in the highest window on the south side next the chancel. He is pour- tnyed kneeling before a desk, and a book before him, with the amis of his fismily, viz. Oules, two Helmets in chief. Argent, gamisk^d. Or; and in hose Garb of the third; and underneath was this inscription in the year 1670 : ' Orate pro bono statu.

et Richardi Cholmondly • • / He

left issue a son,

RicHAKD Cholmondeley, Esq. one of the Justices "before whom fines were levied, from 17 Henry VU. to 24 Heniy VIII* and wbo^ in 30 Henry VIII. departed this lif<^* seised (as the in-' quisition shews, taken March 20, the same year), of the oaanors of Cholmondley, Church Minsule, and Aston ; and of divers other manors and lands in Gildon, Sutton, Broaghton, Pu]ton*> Lancdyn, Whitley, Hawarden, Cppenhurst, Laerton, Chorley, Badeley, Bikerton, Malpas, Hampton, Ebnall, Tushingham, Bni. del^, and Kinderton. He rquiired the chaocel of Cholmondley in the b^inning of the reign of Henry VIII. and oh the skreen of it ins arms are cut, and this inscriptien 3 ** Orate pro Hono '* statu Bichardi Cholmundley et EUxabeth Uxorit efus^ sacelli ** fadentis. Anno Domini MUlesimo quingenteshno quarto dedmo** He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter to Sir R<^er Corbet, of Morton Corbet, in com. Salop, Knt. by whom he had issue an cbly daughter, Maud, wedded to Sir Peter Newton, Knt. But by his second wife Elizabeth, daughter to Sir Randle Breretoo of Malpts, chamberlain of Chester (who survived him, and was afterwards married to Sir Randle Mainwaring, of Over Peven Knt.) he had several children ^ whereof these daughters were

• Rocs ia Qflic. PiedMn. Ccstr. de iisd. Aaa. ^ Esc. 30 Hen. VIIL

M P££EAG£ OF ENGLAND.

married, m. Catherine, to Richard Priesdaod, of Priesdand and Wardbill, in Cheshire, Esq. ; Agnes, to Randle Mainwaring, o£ Carington, Esq.; and Unttla* to Thomas Stanley, of Wever, Esq. Hugh Choldmoodley was his eldest son and heir; and

Bandle Cholmdndlej, a younger son, being educated in the . study of the laws at Lincoln's -Inn, was elected Autumn-reader ef that society, in 5 Edward VI. but did not read, because of the pestilence. t hi 6 Edward VI. be was Lentreader of the said aDciety; and in 4 and 5 Philip and Mary, Double-reader thereof;* at which time he was Recorder of the dty of London. In th* last year of King Philip and Queen Mary, * he- was elected Ser- jeant at law : also in the first year of Queen Elizabeth, waa Treble^reader of the society, whereof he was a member,^ and waa then called by that Queen's writ to be setjeant at law. His learning and knowledge in the laws appear from his being so often Reader of this society ; but he died without issue on April 25, 15(33.

Hx7GH Cholmondley, the eldest son,^ was 25 years of age at Ihb father's death, in 30 Henry VJII. He was in that expeditioa made into '^ Scotland under the Duke of Norfolk, 36 Henry VIII. and for bis valiant behaviour there, received the honour of knight- hood at Leith. In the reign of King Philip and Queen Mary, * he raised, at his own expense, 100 men, to marah under the Eari of Derby, who in September, 1557, was sent to (^>pose the Scots on their invading England, and threatening to besiege Ber- wick« He was a person •f great honour,^ and for his admirable gifts of wisdom, temperance, condnency, liberality, hospitality^ and godly departure at his end, left few who were his equals; and hb death was lamented by all sorts of people, having for fiAy. years together 8 been esteemed the £ither of his country, by tho good offices he did to all who applied themselves to him, which appears from many arbitrations on record, that were left to hia detenninatioo; He was five limes Sheriff of Cheshire,^ as also Sheriff of Flintshire, fi)r some years, and a long time one of the two only deputy-lieutenants of Cheshire ^ and for a good spaoe Vice-president of the Marches of Wales, in the absence of the

f IhtfiMt Qrig. JotkI. p. 252. ' Ibid*

* DǤdsk*fr Ciuoiu seiies, p. 91 ^ Pat. i EHi. p. 4*

« E«c. 30 Henry Vlll. ^ Dugddc's Baronage, Vol. II. p. 474*

« Strype's Historical Memorials, p*433i435* f King's Description of Cheshire, p. 54. S Fu11er*B Worthies of Cheshire, p. iSy. ^ King, ut antes.

EAXL OF CHOLMONDELEY. M

Sit Heary Sidney, KnC. Lrad-d^aly of Irdand. He de- psited this life io the 83d year of bb age, on Janoary 6, isg§^7, MHed (as the inquisidoD after his death shewB),> of the manor of Cholmondeley, and of twenty-two messoages, fonr cottages, two virter-oiills, and one wind-mill, &c, in Cholmondeley ; as aUb of the manor or barony of Wich-Malbank, with all the renti^ letersioDs, services, &c. the manor of Barkesford, alias Basfbrd* wkh the appnrtenances, and the several manors of Moldsworth^ Bickley, Norbnry, with Alharst, Aston juxta Mondrem, Church* Minsnle, two parts of the manor of Copenhnrst, the manors of Newbald and Eld^ton juxta Wich-Malbank, and the fourth part of the vill of Burwardsley $ with divers lands and tencmenti in HenhuU, alias Hendle, Barton, Haughton, Horton, Tilston^ Rowtoo, alias Row-Cbristleton, Wirswall, Bradley Boughton, Hasliogton, Badington; Chowley, Plumley, two messuages, and two salt-works in North- wicb, and lands in Worlcston, Wren* boiy. Frith, Egerton, Church Shocklach, and ShocklachOyat, Aodlim, S wanbach, Golboume, Bellow juxta Tattenhall, Church^ Copenhall, Monks-Copenhall, Woodbanke alias Rough-Sho» wicke infra Great Saughall, Bebyngton, St. Ann*s Heys, in tbm parish of Plumstall, &c. Beckford, Newhall 5 and of one capital BKssuage called Cholmondley-house, in the parish of St. John Baptist in the suburbs oi the city of Chester ; also of the manors af Hinton and Madford, in Somersetshire ; and lands in Shrop* ihire and IHintshire. He lies buried in the chancel of the family in the church of Malpas; and a noble monument is erected there | hu effigies, with his lady by him, lying thereon*

He DEiarricd two wives i but by Mary his last Lady, daughter to Sir WiUkm Griffith of Pentrin, relict of Sir Randle Breretod of Malpas, he had no issue. His first lady was Anne, daughter nd coheir to George Dorman of Malpas, ^ by Agnes^ his wifo» dMighter and heir of jTbomas Hill of Malpas, son of Humphry HiH, and of Anne his wife, daughter and coheir of John Bird of Chorkon, by Catharine his wife, aunt and heir ot David de Mal^ pas, of Hampton and Bickertoo, in com. Cestr. j and the said Humphry Hill was lineally descended from Hugh Hill, who in the reign of King Edward HI. married Eleanor, daughter and coheir of Hugh de Wloukcslow, lord of Wloukedow, in com. Sa- kpi and the coats of arms, of these heiresses, the present Earl of

1 £sc. 39 £1j£. in the Exckeqoer of Chester. ^ Ex Sten. de Faniil. Hill, in MS. prxd. p. 105.

26 ' P££RAG£ OF ENGLAND.

CholmoDdeiey has a right to quarter. Sir Hogh bad issue (by tlie aforesaid Anne)» three sods, and one daughter ;

FraDceSy married to Thomas Wilbraham of Woodbej, in com. Cestr. Esq. father (by her) of Sir Richard Wilbraham, Knt. and Bart, whose male issue terminated in Sir Thomas Wllbrahaniy who had two daughters, his coheirs ; viz. Grace, married to Lionel Tolmache, first Earl of Dysart -, 4Uid Mary, to Richard Newport, second Earl of Bradford, and father by her of the last two Earls.

Of Sir Hugh's three sons, only the eldest left isso^ who was named after his father Hugh.

Which Hugh Cholmondley, of Cbolmondley,' was knighted in the lifetime of his father, in 1588, the memorable year of the Spanish invasion ; .and at his father's decease was"* forty-six years of age and more.^ He was heir to his virtues, as well as to his esate 5 and gave many proofs of an honourable benevolence, and a steady adherence to the Protestant religion, and the interests of his country.. Before he was twenty-one years of age, he headed 130 men,® raised by hb father's interest and expense, and marched with them for the suppression of that rebellion in the Norths begun P in the I2th year of Queen Elizabeth, under the leading •f the Earls of Westmorland and Northumberland, for restoring the Romish religion : and the Queen's forces having put them to flight, those Earls, with other of the conspirators, were attainted in parliament. He was . twice the Queen's Escheator of the county of Chester,^ viz. in 33 and 41 Eliz.' as also Sheriff of the same county; and in 42 Eliz. was in a special commission, with the 'Lord Chancellor Egerton, Thomas Lord Buckhurst, Lord Treasurer of England, and others, for the suppression of schism. He increased his estate by his marriage, and by divers purchases, as appears by the inquisition after his death, in 43 Eliz.t which shews ttiat he departed this life on the 23d of July the same year^ and that Robert Cholmondley, Esq. was the eldest son and heir, and of the age of seventeen years, on the l6th of June last past. He lies buried with his ancestors in the chancel of the fismily, in

MS. de Equit. penes metp. <" Esc. 39 Elis.

n Fu11er*8 Worthies, p. 187. « MS. hojos Famil. pned. p. 88.

P Camden's Hist, of Q^ Eliz. in Hist, of Eng. Vol. I. p. 412.

4 Leicester's Antiq. of Chesb. p. 187.

r Bundle of Inquisitions in the Exchequer at Chester.

• Rjmer's FoederSf Vol. XVI. p. 386. < Ek. 43 Ells, in Scac. Cestr».

EARL OF CHOMOND£L£Y. 37

tbe cburcb of Malpas, where hU Ladj had aUo sepoltore, who lived maoj jears aAer htm, deceasing on the 16th of August l6i2/§. Her name was Marj ; and she was sole daughter and heir of Christopher Holfoid, of Holford, Esq. by Elizabeth his wife/ dngbter and coheir of Sir Randle Manwariog, of Pever and Ba- ddejr in Cheshire^ elder brother to Philip Manwaring, Esq.; of whom descended Sir Thomas Manwaring, Knt. and Bart. The said Christopher Holford was. grandson** and heir to Sir John HoU lord., and of Margeiy his wife> sole daughter and heir of Ralph Bieretoo of Escoyd, second son of Handle Brereton, grandson and heir of Sir Raodle Brereton of Malpas, Knt.' and of Alice his wife, daughter and coheir to Williano de Ipstou, by Maud, heir to Sir Robert Swynertoo, Knt. by Elizabeth his wife, daughter aad coheir to Sir Nicholas Beake, and of Jane his wife, only daughter of Ralph Earl of Stafford, by his second wife, Catharine^ daughter jand cdieir of Sir John de Hastang of Chebsey, in com. Staff. And this family of Cholmondley, by the marriage of the Hoilf«rds with the daughter and heir of Brereton, is also mater- nally descended from Alice, fourth daughter of David, Earl of Huntingdon, third son of Henry, Earl of Huntingdon, son of Da- vid, King of Scotland) the Earldom of Huntingdon 3^ being for tome time in the royal line of Scotland. And the said Alice was also, by her mother,* descended from the Earls of Chester ; she being eldest daughter of Hugh Kiveliock, Earl of Chester, and sister and heir of Randle, Earl of Chester.

The-said Mary, Lady Cholmondley, had a great contest with George Holford of Newborough, about the lands that descended to her by the death of her father, Christopher Holford, Esq. ; which/ after it had continued for above forty years, w^ at length, by the mediation of friends, composed : and on the partition, she had the manors and lordships of Holford, Bulkeley, and other la:ge possessions. This Lady in her widowhood resided a{^Hol- foi^ which she rebuilt and enlarged ; and by conducting, with spirit, the great 'Soii..befare.mnBtiened, was styled by James L '' The bold Lady of Cheshire.'* She had issue, by Sir Hugh Cholooondeley, six sons and three daughters ;

Mary, married to Sir George Calveley of Ley, in com. Cestr. Kot.; Lettice, wife to Sir Richard Grosvenor of Eaton, Knt*

n Cz Stem, de Firail. de HoUbrd. X Ex Stem, dt Fam. Brereton ft Ipstoo. 7 Dogdsle's Baronage, Vol. I. p. 608, 609. ' lUd. p. 339 Se 45.

« Uiceater*t Aati^. of Cbesb* p. 344.

M PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

and Bart, j and Frances^ wedded to Peter Venabksy Baron of Kin* derton. Of the 8ons> three died unmarried. The others were Robert; Hugh, ancestor to the present Earl of Cholmonddey ; and Thomas, seated at V alb-Royal,* married Elizabethi dangfator and heir of John Minshull of MinahuU, Esq. and departing thia life on January 3d, 1652, was buried at Minshull, hariog had issue Thomas Cholmondeley of Vale-Rojal 3 Robert, second son; who died on September 4th, l65Si Francis, third sob; Mar]r, married to Thomas Middletoo, Esq. eldest son of Sir Thooaaa Middleton of Chirk-castle 3 Catharine,^ wife to Charles Mamwa* ring of Ightfield, in com. Salop, Esq. ; and Elisabeth, who died unmarried. The said Thomas, eldest son, was one of the Knighta of the shire for the county of Chester in the reign of Charles II; and by his first wife, Jane, daughter of Sir Lionel Talmath, Knt. and Bart, (grandfather of Lionel, first Earl of Dysart of his name), had issue one son, Robert, and three daughters 3 Eliza- beth, married to Sir Thomas Vernon, of Hodnet, in com. Salop, . Bart. 5 Jane, who died unmarried 3 and Mary, wedded to John Egerton of Oulton, in com. Cestr. Esq. His second wife was Anne, daughter of Sir Walter St. John (and sister to Henry, late Lord Viscount St. John), and by her (who died in Dec. 1742, aged ninety-two), had issue two sons and a daughter 3 Charles, who succeeded to the estate ; and Seymour, who married Eliza* beth, eldest daughter of John Lord Ashburnbam, widow of Robert Cholmondeley, of Holford, Esq. 3 and dying on July 26th, 1739, at Arden, in Cheshire, left no issue by her. His daughter was Johanna, married to Amos Meredith, Esq. son and heir to Sir William Meredith, of Henbury, in Cheshire, Bart. Robert, eldest son of the said Thomas Cholmondeley, married Elizabeth, sister to Sir Thomas Vernon^ Bart.<^ and deceasing 1679, leaving one daughter, Elizabeth, married to John Atherton, of the county Palatme of Lancaster, £sq.<^ the estate devolved on his brotheti

* Vale-Royal was the siu of an ancient abbey. See an Elegy or Ode on it, among T. Warton's Poems.

b Bom 1641} married 1657} died 1702.

e Sir Thomas Vernon left a son, Richard, who died S. P. in Poland ; and • snrrlviiig daughter, Henrietu ; who dying 1752, left her estate at Hodnet to her cousin, Mrs. Heber.

^ Elizabeth, their daoghttrand heir, married^ 1722, Thomas Heber, Esq. ef Marton, in Yorkshire i who dymg 1752, was grandfather of the present Richard Heber, Esq. of Marton and Hodnet, weU known in the liteiary world. tfHtaht^t Crtvaif 68.

EARL OF CHQLMONDELBY. 99

OiurleR CbolmoDdle]r> of Vtle-Ro3ral^ Esq. one of the Knights for Cheshire in eight several parliaments, from 1722 till bisdeath, 17^ I v^ married Essex, eldest daoghter of Thomas Pitt^ Esq. (and sitter to the late Countess of Stanhope), by whom he had issue (who lived to maturity), four daughten; Essex, Jane, Mary, and EHcabeth; of whom, Jane was married in August, 1732, to die third son of Owen Merrick, Esq. of Bodorgan, in Anglesey, for which he was member 1 (jeo. I. ; and one son, Thomas, his heir, one of the Knights for the county of Chester, on his father's death, 1759 ; and again 1762. His son, Thomas Cholmondeley, Esq. waa elected for the same in 179^> anci continues to represent it to this day.

I now return to Robert, eldest son of Sir Hugh Cholmonde- ley 1 who being''a weil-deserving^ person, and enjoying an ample estate, was, upon June 29th (1611), g Jac. I. advanced to the dignity of a Baronet, being the 36th order of creation r also by Carles I. was advanced to the degree of a Viscount of the king- dom of Ireland, by the title of Viscount Cholmondeley of Kellis, in ike province of Leinster, in that realm, A.,D. >628. " And afterwards," in consideration of his special service, in raising several companies of foot in Cheshire, in order to the quenching those rebellious flames which began to appear anno l642, and flcodiog many other to the King, then at Shrewsbury (whiich •lood him in high stead in that memorable battle of Kineton, happening soon after), as also raising other forces for defending the city of Chester, at the first siege thereof by his Majesty's ad- versaries in that county, and courageous adventure in the fight &t Tilston-Heath i together with his great sufferings, by the plunder of his goods, and firing his houses ^ ' was by letters patent, bearing date at Oxford, September 1st, 2] Car. I. created a Baron of the kii^dom of England, by the title of Lord Ciiolmondelbt, of Wiche'Malbank (comnoonly called Nantwiche), in com, Cestr, And by other letters patent, bearing date on March 5th next ensuing, waa created Earl of the province of Leinster, in Ireland. When the royal pdwer was at an end, and the whole kingdom was under the obedience of the parliament, he was suffered to compound for his estate 5 ^ but paid no less a fine for the enjoy- ment of it, than 77421. He was revered for his liberal hospitality, his conduct in the government of his country, and other virtues. He married Catharine, daughter of John Lord Stanhope, of Har-

* BiU. SifD. 21 Car. I. ^ Uoyd'i Memoirs of Loyalisti, p. ^8i.

so P££RAG£ OP ENGLAND.

ringtoo, bat died without lawful issae, on Oct. 2d» l65g, aod was buried bj his Lady (who deceased on June 15th, lOSJ), oo the 8th of the same month, in the chancel of the family at Malpas. Whereupon Robert^ his nqphew, son of Hugh, his brother^ be- came heir to his estate.

Which Hugh Cholmondeley, Esq. married Mary, daughter of Sir John Bodville, of Bodville-casUe, in Carnarvonshire, and aunt to the Lady Viscountess Bodmin, mother to Russel Robarts, Earl of Radnor. He departed this life at Bodville, on Sept. llth, l6S5, and was buried with his ancestors at Malpas^ having had issue, two sons and three daughters ; but none left issue^ excq[>t Ro- bert, his eldest son.

Which Robert Cholmondeley, Esq. succeeding his uncle, the Lord Cholmondeley and Earl of Leinster, was, for his own great merits, and the services of his ancestors, dignified with the tide of Fiscouni Cholmondeiey, of Kellis, formerly enjoyed by his said nncle, by letters patent, bearing date March 29tb,s i66l. His lordship married Elizabeth, daiighter and coheir of George Cra- dock, of Cavers wall-castle, in Staffordshire, Esq. 5 and departing this life in May, l6d], had issue by her^ Hugh, late Earl of Chol- mondeley ;

Robert,*^ second son, who died at Westminster-school, Feb. 4th, aged fourteen, and was buried in the Abbey church of Westmin- ster, Feb. 14th, 1(578.

George, third son, succeeded his brother as Earl of Cholmon- deley 5

And, Richard, fourth son,' buried in Westminster abbey, A. D. l(580i

Also one daughter, Elizabeth, married to John Egerton, of Egerton and Oulton, in com. Ccstr. Esq. eldest son and heir of Sir Philip Egerton, second surviving son of Sir Rowland Egerton, of Egerton, Knt. and Bart, and of his Lady, Bridget, daughter of Arthur, Lord Grey of Wilton .'^

Hugh, First Earl, the eldest son, succeeded his father as Viscount Cholmondeley, of Kellis, in Ireland j and joining with those persons who opposed the arbitrary measures of Jsmes IL he was, on the accession of King William and Queen Mary to the throne of these realms, created Lord Cholmondeley, q/*iVa9Rp/^

% Dale's Cat. of the NobUiiy, p. 160. b Seymour's Survey of London^ Vol. II. p. 569 ' Ibid,

k His dfscendant, John Egerton, of Oulton, Esq. is now M. P. for the city of Chester.

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. 31

wkh, by letters patent^ dated April lOth, iGsg, with limitation of the honour^ for want of issue male> on the honourable George CholniODdeley, his brother. On March 2gtb^ 1705, he was sworn of the Privy-council to Queen Anne; and on Dec. 27th^ 1706, advanced to the dignity of Viscount Malpas, and £akl of Chol- uovDBLEY, with the like entail on bis said brother George, second £ari of Cholmonddey. On April 22d> 1708> bis Lordship was Gonstitnted Comptroller of her Majesty's household: and on May 10th following, when a new Privy-council was settled, according to an act of Parliament^ on the Union of the two kingdoms, he was again sworn thereof; also on October 6th, the same year, appointed IVeasarer of her Majesty's houshold. He was also con- rtituted by her Majesty, Lord-lieutenant and Gustos Rotulorum (d the county of Chester, and city and county of Chester, and Loid-lieutenant of North- Wales ; but was removed from his em- pleyments in the year 1713.

On the accession of George I. his Lord^ip was constituted IVeasorer of his household, and succeeded to the several honours and trusts, from which he was removed in 1713 ; but dying un- married^ on Jan. 18th, 1.724-5, was succeeded in his estate and boooors by his only brother,

Gboigb, sbconb Eakl, who after being well grounded in learning at Westminster school, and at Christ Church, in Oxford, was, in 1685, made Comet of horsey and on King William^s accession to the crown, was made one of the Grooms of his bed- chamber. His Lordship served in all the wars of that reign ; and, at the battle of the Boyne, commanded the horse grenadier guards > likewise at the battle of Stcenkirk, when his Majesty attacked the French army in their camp, bis Lordship particularly &tingiiished himself, and was wounded. And his Majesty, in his camp at Ptomellos, on June 17th, 1697, declaring three Colo- ods Brigadiers general of horse, Colonel Cbolmondeley was the firft of them. On July 1st, 1702, he was constituted Major- general of her Majesty *s forces, and Grovernor of the forts of Til- bory and Gravesend. Also, on Jan. 1st, 1703-4, was declared Lieutenant-general of her Majesty's horse forces.

On George I's accession to the throne, his Lordship was conti- nued in his government of Gravesend and Tilbury forts, as also Colooel of the horse grenadier guards. On Feb. lltb, 1714 15, be was constituted Captain and Colonel of the third troop of bone-guarda; and on March 15th following, created Baro7i of Sewiorough, in the county of Wexford^ in Ireland, being the first

32 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

peer of that kingdom created l^ bis then Majesty $ who taking further into consideration his great merits and services^ was pleased to advance his Lordship to the Peerage of this kingdom, by the title of Barov op Nxwbusoh^ m the Isle of Anglesey, hj letters patent, bearing date July 2d> 171^-

On succeeding his brother in his estate and titles, as second Earl, bis Majesty, on March 20th, 1724 5, was pleased to appoint his Lordship Lord-lientenant of the county of Chester, and of the city of Chester, and also Castos Rotuloram of the said coontj of Chester; and likewise Lord-ltentenant of the counties of Den- bigh, Montgomery, Flint, Merioneth, Carnarvon, and Anglesey. His Lordship was also constituted on March 25th, 1725, Gover* nor of the town nnd fort of Kingston upon Hull ; and on April 15th, 1727, made General of the horse; likewise, in October, 1732, appointed Governor of the Island of Guernsey. He departed this life, at his bouse, at Whitehall, on May 7tb, 1733. His Lordship married Elizabeth, daughter to the HeerVan Baron Ruytenburgh, by Anne -Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Lewis de Nassau, Seignior de Auverquerk, Velt-marshal of the forces of the States General, and father of Henry, late Earl of Grantham. The said Elizabeth was naturalized by act of Parliament, which had the royal assent, Jan. 21st, 1703-4. And by her (who died on January l6th, 1721-2), his Lordship had issue three sons: 1. James, born Nov. 30th, 1700, and died young; 2. George; and, 3. James; also three daughters; Henrietta, born, Nov. 26th, 1701 ; Elizabeth, born May 28th, 1705, married in Jan. 1731, to Edward Warren, of Poynton, in Cheshire, Esq. who died 1737, leaving issue by her the late Sir George Warren, K. B. ; Mary, born March 9th, 1713-14, died unmarried April 1783.

James Cholmondeley, third son, born April 18lh, 17O8, bore the rank i>f Major on bis first entrance into the army, his conunis- sion bearing date May 12th, 1725; and on April 6th, 1731, he was constituted second Lieutenant-cdonel in the third troop of horse-guards, in which post he continued till Jan. l/th, 1740-1, when he was appointed Colonel of the 48lh regiment of foot, then ordered to be raised; and. on Dec. 1 8th, 1742, was pro- moted to be Colonel of the 34th rirgiment of foot. In June, 1744, ihe regiment being ordered into Flanders, he made the campaign that year. In 1745, he was at the battle of Fontenoy, May lltb, N. S. and in July after, was made Brigadier-general of his Ma- jesty's forces; in which station he 8cr\cd the remainder of the campaign. On the apprehension of the progress of the rebdlton

EAAL OF CHOLMONDELEY, n

in ScoUand, his majesty thinking it proper to recal part of bit forces from abroad, he was one of the General officers^ who cam© over with ten battalions of foot, which arrived at Gravesend, •boat the time that the news came of Sir Joha Cope*s forces be* ing defeated at Preston Pans, on Sept. 21st, that year. Soon after, he was sent to Chester, to take upon him the command of two bittalions of foot, newly arrived from Ireland, who marched un» der his coodact, till they joined the army of Marshal Wade, then ID Yorkshire, under whom he served as a Brigadier-generaK And wlien Lientenant general Henry Hawley was sent to take npoD him the command of Marshal Wade*s army, the major part of which was immediately ordered for Scotland, to form, with some other forces, an army to subdue the rebels, there likewise he was one of the four Generals, who were entrusted with the command of this army ; Lieutenant-general Hawley, Major-gene- ral Hoske, and Brigadier-general ^ Mordaunt, being the other three; and greatly signalized himself at the battle of Falkirk, on Jan. 17th, 1745-6: but the great fatigue he underwent in this tctioD, joined with the extreme severity of the weather, unfortu- nately deprived him of the use of his limbs for some time. He- was constituted Major-general of his Majesty's forces, on Sept. 23d, 1747, and promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-general, on May 2d, 1754; and thence to that of General of foot in March, 1765. In 1747, he was made Colonel of a regiment of dragoons in Ireland, and from thence was constituted Colonel of the regi- ment of horse-carabineers in Ireland; and on Jan. l6th, 1750-1, was appointed Colonel of the Inniskilling regiment of dragoons, 10 denominatedy from their signal behaviour at that place, when raised there 1689. He died October 13th, 1775, without issue by his wife, Penelope, daughter of James Barry, Earl of Barry- more, who survived him.

The eldest surviving sbn, George, third Earl op Chol- MOWDELET, bom January 2d, 1 702-3, was a member of the house of Commons, in two Parliaments, before he succeeded his fatheVj first, in 1724, for the borough of Eastlow, in Cornwall; and was chosen for Windsor, in "the succeeding Parliament, 1727. On the revival of the most honourable order of the Bath, he was, on June 17th, 1725, installed one of the Knighis-Companions ; and 00 May 13tb, 1727, appointed Master of the Robes to his Ma- jesty. On the accession of the late King, he was constituted one of the Commissioners of the Admiralty, and Governor of Ches- ler. And on the establishment of the household of Frederick^

44 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

late Prince of Wales, was appointed Master of his horse. Wf Lordship, succeeding h^ father, was also constituted, on Nov. 2d, 1727. Lord- Lieutenant of North- Wales, and Lord-Eicu tenant and Custos Rotulorum of the county of Chester, also Cbambsrlain of Chester. In May, 1735 (having resigned his post of Master of the horse to the Prince), he was constituted one of the Commis* sioners of the Treasury; and in May, 1735, was appointed Chan* cellor of the duchy of Lancaster, and sworn of tlie Privy-coonciL On Dec. lOth, 1743, his Majesty having been pleased to grant to his Lordship the office of Keeper of his Majesty's Privy-seal,' he was, three days after, sworn into the said office at St. James*s, his Majesty being present in council, and took his place at th6 board accordingly. And on resigning it, his Lordship was, oil Dec. 27lh, 1744, appointed joint Vice-treasurer, Receiver- gene* ral, and Paymaster-general of Ireland (which he resigned irt 1762), and Treasurer of war in the same kingdom, hanng re- signed the Privy-seal to the Lord Gowcr. In 1745, at the brcak- ^ ing out of the rebellion in Scotland, his Lordship raised a regi«> roent of foot for his Majesty's service. His Lordship roarried, oil September 14th, 1723, Mary, only lawful daughter of Sir Robert Walpole, first Earl of Orford ; and by her Ladyship,"* who died in 1731* at Aix in Provence, and was buried at Malpas, had issoe three sons; viz. 1. George, late Lord Viscount Mai p>as ; 2. Ro* bcrt; and, 3. Frederick, who died April 27th, 1734, and is bu- ned at St. Martins in the Fields -, and one daughter, who died »<K)n after her birth. His Lordship was continued by bis present M.ijesty, in his posts of Lord-lieutenant, Custos Rbtulomm, and Vice-admiral of Cheshire, Governor of Chester castle. Steward of the royal manor of Shecne, in Surrey, and one of bis Prlvy^ council.

Robert Choi mondeley, the second son, born on 1st, and bap- tized 28th, Nov. 1727, was some time an officer in the army: but preferring an ecclesiastical to a nrtiliiary life, he entered into holy orders ; and beside the church-livings of St. Andrew's in Hcrr- ford, and Hertingfordbury, near that town, enjoyed the pffice of Auditor.general of his Majesty's revenues in America. He died

June 6ih, 1804. He married Mary, daughter of Woffing-

ton, by whom he had issue three sons and four daughters 5 viz. George-James, born Feb. 22d, J 752, baptized March 20th, iti the parish of 6t. George, Hanover Square^ who. in 17B2, was ap-

1 Sec Coxe*i Sir R. Walpole, 1. 7^5. » Aged 26.

EARL OP CHOLMONDELET. 9i

pointed a CoiniDissioner of the Excise, from which be retired ia 1801; Horace^ boro Feb. 18th, 1753, baptized March l6th, m St« George's, Hanover Square, bat died young, and was buried a| Teddington; Rebert-Francis, born June 24th, 1756, baptized July a2d. 10 St. Georges, Hanover Square; Mary-Harriet, born April 4th» 1754; baptized in the parish of St. James, We$tniinster|^ kiilfld by the overturn of the Princess of Wales's barouche, Oct. 2d, 1806 ; Jane- Elizabeth, bom October 22d, 1758, baptizecl Novecober 20th, in the parish of St George, Hano? er Square, and died an infiDt; Margaret, born July 8th, 1761, bapti^d Nov. 20th, in St. George's, Hanover Square, and died an infant 5 Hester** Frances^ boni July 8th, 1763, baptized Aug. 2d, in St. Geon|re*s^ Hanover Square, married Dec. 3d, 1783, Sir William fiellingham. Baronet ; Frederick died an infant ; Charlotte died young.

His Lordship's eldest son and heir, George, Lord Viscount Malpas, bom 00 Oct. 17rh, 1724, served as a volnntfer at the battle of Fontenoy^ on May lltb, 1745, N. 8. and immediately . ^ter was appointed Aid-de-camp to Sir John I^igonier, and after had a company of foot conferred on him, in Lieutenant-general Howard's regiment of foot. On the rebellkm that happened at that time, he was appointed lieutenant-colonel pf the regiment of foot raised by his father, the Earl of Cbolmondeley, for thp soppression of the rebels. He served in the Parliament, 1768, for Corffe castle, in Dorsetshire ; and for firamber, in Sussex, in 1762; and was Colonel of the Cheshire Militia, and of the 65th regiment of foot. His Lordship married, on Jan. lC)th, 174d-7, Hester, daughter and heir of Sir Francis Edwards, of Grete, aod of the Cdlege in Shrewsbury, both in the county of Salop, Bart. His Lordship died on March 15th, 1764, leaving, by his said Lady (who sorvited him) one son, George James^ now Earl of Cbolmondeley ; and a daughter, Hester, born in 1755, at BurhiH, near Cobham, in Surrey, who married, Sept. 61 h, 1773, William Clapoot Lisle, Esq. since deceased $ by whom she bad a danjghter, boTB July ptb, 1774, married, Feb. 23d, 1799, Charles Arbuth^ not, Esq.

George, third Eabx. of Cholmondblbt, died June lOtb, 1770, aged seventy, was buried at Malpas, in the county of Chester, on 21st of the same month, and was succeeded in honours and estates by his grandson,

Geobloe J AMts, the present and pourth'Earl of Cbolmon- DELBT ; born April 30tb, 1749, in the parish of Hardingstone, ia the county of Northampton. His Lordship was for some yean

S(J ' PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Lord-lieatenant and Custos Rotulorum of the oountj of Chester, and Governor of Chester castle. His Lordship, on June I4th^ 1782, was appointed his Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Ple- Dipotentiary to the Court of Berlin ; on April 25th, 1783» he was appointed Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard, which he retained lUI 1804; and was at the same time sworn a Privy Counsellor* On the death of the late Horace Earl of Orford, he succeeded to the ancient Walpole estates at Houghton, &c. in Norfolk.

His Lordship married, April 25th, 1791, Lady Georgiana- Charlotte Bertie, sister and coheir (with Lady Willoughby of Eresby), to Robert late duke of Ancaster; by whom he has issue,

1. George-James, Viscount Malpas, born Jan. 17th, 1792.

2. Lady Charlotte.

3. William-Henry.

Titles^ Greorge- James Cholmondeley, Earl of Cholmondeley, Viscount Malpas, and Viscount Cholmondeley of Kellis, Baron Cholmondeley, of Wich-Malbank, alias Namptwicb, and baroa of Newburgh.

Creation$J\ Baron Cholmondeley, of Wich-Malbank, alias Namptwich, April lOth (1689) 1 Wll. and Mar. Viscount Mal- pas, and Earl of Cholmondeley, all in the county of Chester, Dec. 27th (I706) 6 Q. Anne; and Baron of Newburgh, in the Isle of Anglesey, in North-Wales, July 2d (1716) 3 Geo. I. Also Baron of Newburgh, in com. Wexford, March 15th (1714) 1 Geo. I. and Viscount Cholmondeley, of Kellis, in the county of East-Meath, March 29th (1661) 13 Car. IL Lish honours.

Amu,'] Gules, two £squire*s Helmets in chief, proper, gar- nished, Ot\ in Base, a Garb of the third.

Crest.'] On a Wreath, a Demi-Griphon, rampant, Sable, beaked, winged, and membercd. Or, holding an Helmet, as those in the arms.

Supporters.'] On the dexter Side, a Griphon, Sable, its Beak, Wings,- and Fore-Legs, Or 5 on the sinister, a Wolf of the second, gorged, with a Collar perflew, Vaire.

Motto.] Cassis Tutissima Virtus.

Chuf Seat.] At Cholmondeley, in the county of Chester, and 9t Houghton^ in Norfolk.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 37

HARLEY, EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER.

Sous have deduced the house of Harlai, in France (one of the most eminent in that kingdom) from a branch of this ancient and noble family in England: and according to Moreri, there are French authors of this opinion ; for be acknowledges,* " It has been reported, they are derived from our country : though others maintain^ that they are denominated from the town of Arlai^ in the Franche Compt6 of Burgundy, and pretend to have proof thereof."

The family of Harley, in England, is undoubtedly more ancient than the Norman conquest ; and has been so illustrious, that those in France may be descended from it; though the name may neither be of Saxon, or British, much less of French extraction: for from Hursla, a barbarous Latin word, signifying a wood,, comes Hurley, and so it changed into Harley,^ a town in Shrop- shire (the ancient seat of this family), according to the learned Sir Henry Spelman. Though others have affirmed Harley to be a Saicon name, and of the same signification with Locus £xer« dtus.

In an ancient obiit, or ledger book of the abbey of Pershore, in Worcestershire, is a commemoration of a noble warrior of this Dame,c who commanding an army under Ethelred, King of Eng- land, in his wars against Swane, King of Denmark, gave the Danes a great defeat near that town, about the year 10] 3, and thereby preserved it from spoil and destruction.

We find also, that before <* the Norman conquest. Sir John de

S Qruii Diet. com. III. b Ed. Llwyd^i Anti^. of 3brpp. MS. p« 926«

^ Ex Collect, Httg, Thomasi MS. ^ * Ibid,

3S PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Harley was possessed of Harlej-castle and lordship^ and haWn^ married Alice, daughter of Sir Titus de Leighton,* by Letiiia his wife, daughter of Hugh Ic Brune^ brother to William de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, left issue.

Sir William de Harley, Knt. who is the 6r8t mentioned ia the visitation of Shropshire, in the College of Arms, as Lord of Harley in that county. He was one' of those eminent persona who attended Godfrey de BuUoigne, Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, Alan, Lord High-steward of Scotland, and others of note, in the first memorable expedition to the Holy Land, anno 1098, where they obtained many victories against the Saracens^ and conquered Jerusalem. In honour of which, this Sir William was with them made Knights of the Sepulchre, an oritr of koighthood instituted upon that occasion. He died in England, and was buried in the abbey of Pershore, where his tomb is still remaining, and the only ancient monument there, which was not demolished at the dissolution, of abbeys in the reign of Hen. VIIL and it is observable, that the shield of his effigies is plain, without any arms, according to the custom of the most ancient times. He married Catharine, daughter of Sir J.isper Croft, who was also a knight q( the Sepulchre,K and by her left issue,

Nicholas de Harley, who had to wife, Mai^ret, daughter of Sir Warren de Bostock, of Bostock, in com. Cest, by whom he bad issue William de Harley, who married Joan, daughter of Sir John de la Bere, Knt. of Kinnersley and Clonger, in com« Salop, and by her was father of

Nicholas de Harley, who wedded Alice, daughter of Ralph Prestrop, of Prestrop, in Shropshire, and from them proceeded their son and heir,

Robert, who married Alice, daughter and heir of Sir Roger Pulisdon, of Pulisdon, in com. Salop, by whom he had issue.

Sir Richard de Harley, continuator of the line, and Malcolm . dc Harley -, all which descents are in the visitation of Shropshire, beforementioned 3 but ^11 our public records have not been geue-> rally preserved till the reign of Hen. IIL^

• VinccAt*! Vititat. de Sak>p. ana. 1613. MS. p. 246* t Ibid. p. 1^

K Vincent ut supra. ^ Henry, Lord of Harley, died in 12S1, 9 Edw. I. and by Joan hit wife, bad six ions, all monks t John, die eldest, became professed in the monastery ar "Worcester, October ai, 1279, ■^*»«a'- ^igom, in JbtgVta Sacra, Voi, L /. 502. Jhis John, on his father's death, obtained an indulgence of 1185 days, in his •onvent; for the souls t>f bis parents, The other fiye hrothen werc> Richard^ a

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 39

The youngest son, Malcolm de Harley, or Harjeigh, as it vas sometimes wrote, was chaplain to Edw. I. and much in his favour ; being employed in the managemciit of the revenues of that glorious monarch, and was his Escheator on this side Trent, an office of great honour and trust in those days. In 11 Edw. I. he and Sir Guischard de Charne, or Charran, had the custody of the bishopricfc of Durham, and accounted for the issues thereof to the King during the vacancy,* viz. from June 13th, to Sept 4th, the same year, and paid into the Exchequer ISI9I. for rents of assize of the manors in the ferm of the city of Durham, and in certainties for guard of burgs and ovens, or bake-houses 5 also II93I. J 9s, Id. for tallage assessed upon the manors of the bi- fihoprick, and other sums for divers other parts of the revenue thereof J in all, 26201. /S. pjd. In 12Q6, the King grants to this Malcolm de Harleigh (as it was then wrote), styling him his beloved Clerk,^ the marriage of Margaret, eldest daughter, and one of the heirs, of Brian de Brampton, deceased, for his nephew Robert de Harleigh, son of Richard, dated at Vghtragharder (Aughterarder) June 21st, On August 22d, 1297,1 he was with the King at sea, in the ship called Cog. Edward» near Winchel- sea, and was one of the witnesses to the King's delivery pf the Great-seal to John de Beneeteed, in the said ship. And attending that monarch abroad, who did not return to England till March 14th, 1298, died soon after : for the King, by writ of Privy-sea»-, 26 Edw. I." reciting that he was his Escheator on this side Trent, and that Philip de Willoughby, the Treasurer's Lieutenant, and the Barons of the Exchequer, would probably seize his goods and chattels, he commands them to leave enough in the hands pf his kindred for the honourable interment of his body ^ and that they should send some fit person to all places where he had any goods, to take a true and exact inventory of them, that the King, whea be should be certified thereof, might give such orders therein as he thought proper. Accordingly "Thomas de Boyvil was assigned,

monk, atBeaoIieu, in Hampshire; WiHiam, at Halea-abbey, in Gloucestershire;

Walter, at Bordealey, in Worcestershire; Nicholas, at Ruffbrd, in Nottingham-

fbire; and Roger, in a convent beyond sea. Ibid. p. 505. Sir Richard, men-

tiooed aboTC as continuator of the line, was, perhaps, brother and heir to this

Hcori:, £tther of tbc tix monks, though he is ftyled Lordof Harley before the ^th

of Edw. I. bat that might be by the resignation of Uenry.

i Madoft Hist, of the Excheq. p. 49^, 497. Prynoe, 3, 3Q7> 3Sh ^^*

^ Fit. 24 Edw. I. m. 14. 1 Rymei's FqbI. Vul. II. p. 79x* ^H*

a Hift.of theExchoq. ff66sp 66^. ■ ibid.

40 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

by letters patent, to take an inquisition concerning the good» of the said Malcolm, and the Treasurer's Lieutenant wa^ ordered to deliver to Richard de Harley, his executor, 481. 14 s. 1 1 d. for the cxex]uies and burial of the deceased. He built * that house now called CliffordVInn, behind St. Dunstan*s church, in Fleet-* street ; which being seized by the King, for certain debts due from the said Malcolm, it was granted in 3 Edw. JL to Robert de Clifford, Lord ClifTbrd, who made it his habitation, and had thence the name of ClifFord*s-Inn j Isabel, the widow of the said Robert, having demised it to the students of the law. But though thgt house was seized by the King, yet his possessions were more than sufficient to discharge all his debts ^ for it is evident, some of his lands devolved on his brother and his descendants.

I now return to Richard de Harley, elder brother to the said Malcolm, and his executor, as before related. The first mentioa 1 find of hipn i? in 40 Hen. IIL when he i^a^ attached to answer to a plea p of Richard, son of Robert de Clifton, that he, with . others, came into the wood of the said Richard, ^n of Robert, in Beldesworth, and that his 'men in the said wood beat ^nd abused the said Richard and his men, contrary to the peace, ?cc. And thereupon R:chard de Harleigh pleaded, that the wood was his wood, and, finding some trees felled, he carried them away, as he lawfully might. However, by consent, a perambulation was made between the wood of the said Richard, son of {tobert d<? Clifton, and the wood of the said flichard de Harleigh, in Har- leigh. And that Odo de Hodenet, Stephen de Buterleigh, Peter • de Muncton, and William de Leighton, four Knights, reviewed the same perambulation, b^gun on the south of the lapd of the priory of Wenlocjc, between the wood and thp plain, by ap old hedge, to a great elm j and awarded, that the said Richard de Harleigh may make a hedge fi-om the elm through part of that -wood to the green oak, and fipm thence to the withered oak, aD4 80 to another withered oak in the plain.

In the same year,^ he was among those of the county of Salop^ who, holding lahds in capite by Knights service, to the value of J 5 1. per annum, and not being Knights, were summoned to take that degree, or fine for the same.

Jo 1264, the Barons, with Simon Montfort earl of Leicester^

« Dugdalc's Orig, Jurid, p. 187. P f lacita Jur. ic Assis. in com. Salop, anno 40 Hen. III. nlU. 7% ^ M$« Not. b. ^. p. 68. lA Bibl. Job. Anitii| Arm.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 4t

having taken Prince Edward prifoner, at the battle of Lewes^ May 14tb, his Higbnefs was held in custody in Hereford-castle, when Roger Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore, contrived his escape j iind, being assisted by this Sir Richard Harley,^ they issued out from Wigmore-castle, and delivered him It appears from our historians,* and other authorities, that Mortimer sent the Prince a swift horse; with intimation, that he should obtain leave to ride out for his recreation into a place called Widmerih, and upon sight of a person mounted on a white horse, at the foot of TlUington-hill, and waving his bonnet, he should haste towards him with all speed. Accordingly the Prince, on the signal, set* ting spurs to that horse, overwent those about him $ and Morti- mer meeting him with five hundred armed men, chaced them back to the gates of Hereford, and brought him in safety to his castle of Wigmore. Afterwards they were in that great battle of !Evesbam, fought on August 6tb, 1 265, where the Barons were vanquished, and Simon Montfort, their leader, slain. Which vie* tory was a principal means of putting an end to that bloody war, and of advancing this family, when the said gallant Prince ascended the throne.

In 56 Hen. III. he was ' Coroner of Shropshire, an officer, in those days, of great trust. In Edw. I. it was found, by verdict of the hundred' of Condover, that Richard de Harley« held the manor of Harley for three hides of land. He was married before 20 Edw. I. for ' in that year he is mentioned with Burga his wife, in a plea concerning a free tenement and lands in Great Wenlocki In 21 Edw. I. he was summoned to attend the King fit Bristol, on the marriage of his daughter to the Earl of Barr^y as appears by a writ in the White Tower.

In 1297, he was * summoned to be ready with horse and arms, to attend the King at London, on Tuesday after the Octaves of ^t John Baptist, to go with him beyond the seas. In the same year,* a fine was levied by him and Burga his wife, and Adam la 'PMe, of the manor of La Bolde, granted to them by the said

f Hist, de la Maison deUarley, par M. Mont, MS. fol 4. > Mon. Aug. Vol H. p. Z23. &. MS, in Bibl. Bod. Med, 10. 120. k t Plac. Jur. Se Assisae, Se Plac. Coron. apud Salop. 56 Hen. III. rot. ij«

« Inter Inquis. pro Hundred, in Cur. RecepC. Scac. » Plac Jur. & Aisis. apud Salop, ao Edw. I. Rot. 15, 7 Ex Collect. Hug. Thomat. ^ 2 MS. in Bibl. Cotton, tub Effig. CUadios, c. a. » lot* pcnwFin, com, Salop, 25 Edw, I. ia Cur. Rcccpt. Sca^

4a PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Adam, wliich they convey to him again for life, paying a rote annually, remainder to the said Richard dc Harleye, and Burga^ and their heirs. She was the sole daughter and heir^ of Sir An- drew de Willey, son and heir of Warrin de Willcgh, or Willcy, by Petronella his wife, daughter and heir of Robert, son of Odo, Lord of Kinlegh, in com. Salop. And by tliis ^ match, divers fair lordships accrued to this family; as Willey, Gretenton, Walder- hope, Walle under Ey wood, and Rushbury j beside what came by the heir of Kinlegh.

In 27 Edw. I. the King sent him "^a letter, flyling him his be* loved and faithful Richard de Harleigh, commanding him to be at Berwick upon Tweed, with such foot soldiers as he had raised, to march against the Scots.

In 28 Edw. I. this «Sir Richard Harlry, Robert Corbet, and Bobert de Roscale, were the three Knights chosen for Shropshire, whom the '^King (to satisfy his Earls and Nobles) impowcrcd, aa Justices in the said county, to punish all offences against the ar- ticles of Magna Charta, the Charter of the Forest, and the Statute of Winton, not punishable by the common laws of the realni. And the same year being chosen » one of the representatives of the county of Salop, in the Parliament held at Westminster, he bad a writ directed to the Sheriff, for his expenses.

Jn 29th Edw. I. he^ was Sheriff of Shropshire, and had a spe- cial letter' from the King, to attend him with horse and arms at Berwick. And it is probable he was then made a Knight Ban- neret; for, among the collections of the late Sir Henry St. George, Garter King at Arms, are the names x>f the Knights, who served Kdw. I. in his wars in Scotland, with their arms curiously painted, taken from an old roll, wherein this ^ Sir Richard Harley is men* tinned, with his arms. Or, a Bend, cotised Sable,

In 30 Edw. I. he^ obtained a grant of free warren within hia Jord&!ijp8 of Harleigh, Kcnleigh, Willeigh, Gretenton, Hattoo, Wllderdehope, Rushbury, and La Bould. He was ™ also in that

* Vlrwent's Visit, ut supra. c Ex Collect. W. Holnaan dc com. Essfix^

i Mulox's BaronU Angl. p. 257. c. 2. &. daus. 27 Edw. I. m. 6. dotS'j. « Pat. 28 Edw.'I. m. 14. ^ Pryn's Hist, of K. John, Hen. III. and Edw. I. p. 830 K Pryn's fourth Part of a Brief Regist, p. 10. ^ Fuller's Worthies in eod. Com. « Rylcy's Plac. Pari. p. 482. & Claus. 29 Edw. I. k MS. n. 20. p. 34. in Bibl. Joh. Vicecom. Perceval. 1 £J. Uwyd's Ant. of Shrop. MS. a Fuller, ut antei*

lAHL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 43

je^x Sheriff of Sfarop^irt^ which was then to o£Sce of great trust

and power.

Id 33 and 34 Edw. I. " attending again in Parliament, as R^ presentative of the county of Salop, be had his expiense^ allowed: a&d in 35 Edw. I. was elected^ with John de Dene, Knights for Shropshire, being the longest Parlianaent in that King's reign : yet, as Pryn observes (in the fourth part of A Brief Register, ^c, p. 28.) it lasted not full two months ; but in that space made •oise good laws, and transacted several grand afFaijrs, occasioned by the Scots rebellion, and crowning Robert Bruce their King i the marriage of Prince Edward, and divers weighty public af- frire.

In the reign of Edw. II. he was elected in four several Parlia- mcDts, one of the Knights for the county of Salop,** vii. in the fourth, fifth, eighth, and ninth of Xhat Monarch. In 3 Edw. II. beP was one of the three, with the Sheriff of Shropshire, to whom the King directed his letters, to put in execution the ar- ticles for observing the statute made in the Parliament held at Winchester. In 1311, having the castody of the lands of the KnightV Templars, and of the Bishop of Litchfield and Coventry, be had *> command from the King, to pay the issues thereof into the Treasury, on the morrow of St. HiUry. In 7 Edw. II. he' and William de Mortimer, were assigned Justices of assise for the county of Salop, and causes were tried before them, on the Wednesday before the feast of St Ethdbert, the King and Martyr.

This Sir Richard Hariey died* about 13 Edw. II. and Burga, bb widow, was styled Lady of Willegh, and Kinlet, in Shrop- •hire, in an acquittance dated 44 Edw. II. whereby she released to the monks of Wenlock, certain rents due to her. They had issue, Robert ; Malcdm $ and Henry, who was a priest } and probably * John Hariey, Sheriff of Worcestershire in 40 Ed- ward III.

Of Hbnbt it is related," that in 2 Edw. III. he had a great contest concerning the deanery of Bridgenorth, occasioned by

» Pryn** Fourth Part, ut supri. o Pryn, p. y^,

f CtanM. J Edww II. BO. 7. &. Rylcy's Pbc, Pari, in Append, p. 52^,

9 Rymer's Feed. torn. III. 297.

» Assisa Cap. apud Salnp. 7 Edw. H. in Cur. Recept. Scac

# l^ Collect. Hug. Thomas. t PoUer in cod. Com,

» Uywd^t Antiq. of Sbropshjrr« MS.

44 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

having obtained a grant of the sanae, upon suggestion, that Tho^ mas de Eyton, the Dean, was dead. But he appearing before, the King, the grant was revoked, with a special mandate for re- storing of the rightful Dean. Whereupon the Sheriff certified^ .that both Thomas de Eyton, and Henry dc Harley, had raised great numbers of men in arms, in order to dispute the right by force} on which the King commanded the Sheriff to charge both parties to desist, superseding the mandate for restoring Thomas de Eyton, till both appeared in the court of Chancery. The parties accordingly appeared, and Thomas de Eyton was rc- stored.

Of Malcolm de Harley, the second son, I find a fine* wag levied in 5 Edw. III. between him and Burga his mother, of the manor of Gretynton, and sixteen aci;^s of land, and 40 s. rent ia Rushebury, the right of the said Malcolm, which he conveys to the said Burga, to hold for life, and after her decease, to remain to Philip de Harley, and his heirs. Also, in the same year, a ^ncy was levied between the said Burga, who was the wife of Bichard de Harleye, and Philip de Harleye, of two mills, and twenty-three acres of land, with the appurtenances, in Borewar- deslye, and a third part of the manor of Borewardesleye, and the advowson of the church, the right of the said Philip, which he conveys to the said Burga for life, and after her decease, to Mal- colm de Harleye, and his heirs.

It is probable this Philip was another son of Sir Richard Har- ley; and *in 10 Edw. III. I find Philip de Harley, parson of the church of Stircheley, and in 42 Edw. III. parSon of the church of Rushbury.

I now return to Robert de Harley, eldest son of Sir Richard. In 24 Edward I. his uncle, Malcolm de Harley, obtained for him the marriage of Margaret, eldest daughter and coheir of Brian de Brampton, as before mentioned; and in 1309, 2 Edw. II. oq proof that his wife * Margaret was then of full age, the King commanded Walter dc Gloucester, his Escheator beyond Trent, to deliver them full seisin of those lands that were in bis province^ viz. the manor of Brampton, and the hamlet of Weston, with their appurtenances, in the Marches of Wales j the manor of Buxton, with the appurtenances j 33s. rent, with the appurtenances^

^ Penes Fin, com. Salop, j Edw. III. ,7 Penes Fin. ejusd. Comit. Sc Ann.

s Fin. Salop, lo Edw. IFI. U 42 Edw. III. • CJaus. 2 Edw. U. m. iq.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 4$

in Stowe, IB the same Marches | lands In the part of Kinlet^ in com. Salop, and the manor of Ashton, with the appurtenances, in com. Hereford.

Brian de Brampton, father of the said Margaret, died^ on 14 kalends of June (May 19th) 1293, 21 Edward I. and her only sister Elizabeth, was married to Sir Richard de Comwal, son of Richard Earl of Comwal, King of the Romans, brother to Hen. m.

As from this match he acquired a great estate, and their seat of Bbampton Castle, having since been the chief seat of the descendants of the said Sir Robert Hafley, I hope it will not be thought a digression, if I give some account of the ancient and noble favaWj of Brampton, or Bramton, as it is now wrote.

The before- mentioned Brian de Brampton ^ was the only son and heir of Sir Walter de Brampton^ eldest son and heir of Sir Brian de Brampton, Lord of Brampton, Drayton, Bucton, Ped* wardyn, Wiston, Hermcston, Ayston, Kynlet, Foxcot, Walton, and Adrington, by hereditary succession 5 and in right of Alice his mother, was Lord of Botteley and Condover. He was usually called the Noble Brian, ih respect of his noble descent and qua* lities. He married Emma, daughter^ and at last one of the heirs of Thomas Lord Corbet, baron of Cans. Aud he was the son of Brian de Bramton, st}'led Senior, by Alice his wife, daughter and one of the coheirs of Walter de Remenyle, Lord of Botteley and Condover, in com. Hants. This Brian de Bramton, senior, was of iuch eminence, that in i 7 Hen. IIL the King ^ recjuiring hostages of the Barons Marchers for their fidelity, Ralph de Mortimer delivered him Henry, son and heir of this Sir Brian, for his faith- ful demeanour, and he was thereupon committed to the custody of William de Stutevil 3 and, it may be, he died under confinement ; for Walter was at length the heir of the said Sir Brian, who, in 39 Hen. IIL had a ^grant of free warren in his manors and lands of Brampton, Eucton, Stanage, Weston, Pictes, and Ash ton, in com. Hereford and Salop : also at Wauton in Somersetshire. He made his will on the vigil of the apostles Simon and Jude, in 46 Heo. IIL and is therein styled Senior. He was the son of Brian

^ Ex Stem, tab mana Job. Anstis, Arm. Gait. Reg. Arm. and Rid. Brook.

« Ibid. & ex Collect. Nicb. Jekyl de Cast. Hedingbam in com. Essex, Arm. Sc Rad. Brooke Fecial Ebor.

d Ciaiis. 17 Hen. III. m. 8. in dorso.

« Cart. 36 Hcil. III. & Transcript, cjuid. in Cur. Recept. Scact in Baga Pcr- mb. Forest.

45 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

de Bramton> by Alice his wife, daughter of. Walterde Nova Mei* nel i who gave with her, id free marriage, four viigates of land in FoiLCOtt, in the territory of Idelburi ; to which were witnesses^ £. Bishop of Hereford, Hugh de Mortimer, William de Morti- mer^ Philip de Mortiraery William de fioriey, and others. John de Brampton was bis father, and, by Maud his wife, was related to most of the great men of that age^ she ^ being the widow of Boger Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore, and the daughter of WiUiaia de Breoa, Lord of Brecon (now wrote Brecknock) by Eva his wife, daughter and coheir of William Marshal^ Earl of Perobroke^ by Isabel his wife, daughter and heir to Bichard Strongbow, Earl of Pembroke, who married Eva, daughter and sole he'ur of Dorv mack MacMorough, King of Leinster, in Ireland. And the said Akhard Strongbow was the son of Gilbert de Clare, grandson of Richard Fita-Giibert, Earl of Brion in Normandy, and of Rose his wife, sister and heir tx> Walter Gifford, Earl of Buckingham. And the before mentioned William de Breos was the son of Ro^ ginald de Breoa, by Grisold, daughter and coheir to William Brewer, Lord of Torbay ; and he, of William de Breos, son of Philip de Breos, by Berta,^ second daughter, and at length coheir to Walter Earl of Hereford, sen of Waller Earl of Hereford, and of Sibil his wife, daughter and sole heir of Bernard Newmarch> Lord of Brecon (by conquest, and by gift of William Bufus) and of Neast, daughter to Traham ap Cradock, King of North-Wales. And the last-mentioned Philip de Breos, was grandson and heir of William de Breos, Lord of Breos in Normandy, and of Bramber, in com. Sussex, who married Agnes, daughter to Waldron, Earl of St. Clare.

By the foregoing account it appears, how nobly Sir John de Brampton was related, by Maud his wife; and Sir Brian de Brampton, his fathar, had to wife, Maud, daughter and heir of Sir John de St. Vallerie, lineally descended from Reginald de St. Vallerie, at the time of the Conquest. And the said Sir Brian wa^ 9 ivon of Brian, ion of Barnard de Brampton, sumamed Vnspec, Lord of Kjnlet, in com. Salop, in the reign of Hen. I.

1 now return to Sir Bobebt Harley, who, by his lady afone- said, w^^s not unly allied to the before mentioned noble families, but !}hc was aUo near in blood to the great family of Mortimer; Ning lineal heir (as I have already shewn) to Sir John do

* Ex Collect. Hug. Thomtf Sc Viiiuc. dc com. Salop, f Vinte«t'i Vliltit. de com. Salop.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 47

Brampton, afid Maad his vifls, one of the heirt of William dt Breose, or Brewes^ Lord of Brecknock $ who had for her ^ firA litisband^ Roger Mortimer^ Lord of Wigmore, bj whom she had fssoe^ Edward Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore, father of Roger, £arl of March, the great ^vourite of Qaeen Isabel, inother ^ Edw. IfL

In 1 1 Edw. XL this ^ir Robert Hnrley had the following re^ markable grant : ^* Sachez nous ^ Roger de Mortimer Seigneur de fFpgemore avoir dofine & granie a nostre chiere Backiler, Mom** eieur Robert de Harhy, pour son bon service i*f pour ceni tivres de argent, la gard du corps Gilbert JH% & heir Sir John de Lacy, tnsemblant we le marriage mesmes celuy Gilbert deyns age esteani tn nostre garde, is c. Donne a Penehrugge Vrnn du regne la Roye Edward filx le Roy Edward unxyme" Camden, in his Britannia, fol. 176, makes a question, whether these Bachelors were not of a middle degree between Knights and Esquires. In Pat 8 Rich. H. p. 1. m.4. John de Clanvou is stjled fiaccalarius Regis. And the word is used, 13 Rich. II. stat. 3. cap. 1. where it sig«* oifieth rh«; same with Knight-Bachelor.

In 14 Edw. 11.^ he had Hvery of the lands of which his father died possessed I and in 17 Edw. if. he is styled Chevalier in two £nes ; the one * between Hugh de Brampton, of Ludlowe, quer. and the said Robert, and Margaret his wife, deforc. concerning a messuage in Ludlowe, the right of the said Hugh, and the heirs of Mai*garet. The other was "* between Robert de Harley, Che- ▼aiier, and Margaret his wife, quer. and Joan, who was the wife of Gilbert de Lacy, deforc. who grants to the said Sir Robert and Matgaret, for life, the manors of Brampton and Bukton, and after tbeir decease, to remain to Brian, son of the said Sir Robert and Margaret, and the heirs of his body } and if the said Brian dies without heir male, to remain to the heirs of the bodies of the aaid Robert and Margaret, remainder ta the right heirs of the said Margaret.

In the same year, all Knights, and others, who bore ancient arms from their ancestors, were returned into Chancety $ and, in the list of those for Shropshire," are Sir Robert Harley, and Mal- ^Im Harley, his brother -, from which it may be inferred, that

* Vincent's Viiit. de com. Salop. & Dugd. Vol. I. in Famil. de Mortimer. ' Cowel's Law Interpreter, tub. tit. Bachelor. k Ciaus. 14 E^w. II.

A Penes Fin. com. Salop. 17 Edw. II. n Ibid.

B MS. in Bibl, Cotton. Claud, c. 2.

48 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

his chief leddenoe was then at the castle of Harley, do mentioa being made of him in Herefcnrdshire.

In 18 Edw. 11.^ he was appointed to array those forces raiAed in Shropshire^ for the service of the King, against the J^rench in Gascony ; and was p one which that King chiefly confided in, for suppressing the Knights-Templars.

• In ^ 12, 13 and 15 Edw. III. he was elected one of the Knights for Shropshire, in the Parliaments then held. In 12 Edw. III. the King commissioned him^ to march fifty archers and flfly pikemen to Ipswich, being the quota that John de Warren, Earl of Surrey, as Lord of Bromfield and Yale, wa^ to furnish for the King*6 service. And by another commission of the same date, he* was appointed by the King to muster those forces, and t» see that they were well clothed all in a livery, and well armed.

In l6 Edw. III. by a flne levied between him and Margaret hb wife, and Philip de Harley,* he settled the manors of Bram*^ ton, and Bukton, with the appurtenances, after the decease of .himself and Margaret his wife, on his son Brian and his heirs^ with remainder to the right heirs of the said Robert and Marga* ret. In 18 Edw. III. Joan, the wife of Gilbert de Lacy," by a flne then levied, settled messuages, lands, and rents, in A^hton, in com. Hereford, on this Sir Robert Harley, and Margaret his wife, for their lives, remainder to Walter, son of the said Robert jBnd Margaret, and the heirs of his body ; remainder to the heirs of the said Robert and Margaret; remainder to the right heirs of fhe said Margaret

In 2i Edw. III. on the death of Beatrix, wife of Peter, Lord Corbet, of Cans, who died seised ^ of the barony of Cans, the manors of Munsterley, Yokethul, Wentenouse, Shelve, Bynne- weston, Foxton, Chelme, Over-Gother, Nether-Gother, and Baghetrese, in com. Salop, it was found, that Thomas Corbet, ancestor to the said Peter, died seised of the said manors, and left a son, Peter, and three daughters, Alice, Venice, and £mme; likewise, that the said Peter had issue, Peter, his son and heir, who married her the said Beatrix: and that the before mentioned ■ Alice became the wife of Robert de Stafford, who had issue by^ her, Nicholas, his son and heir, and he Edmund, and he Ralphs

o Rymer's Foecl. torn. IV. p. 78. P Ex C •llrct. Hug. Thomas.

9 Pryn'i Brev.Parl. p. 7^, r Rymer, torn. V. p. 7.

» Ibid. p. 8. « Penes Fin. c«ro. Salrp. 16 Edw. III.

• Flfi.^com.Ueref. 18 Edw. III. x £sc. 21 Edw. III. a. SS^

fcARL or OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 4»

iLeD Lord Stafford (viz. at the time when the inquisition was taken)^ and that £mme, the other iister, had issue, Walter de Bramton, her son and heir, and he Brian, who left two daughters his coheirs, Margaret, the wife of Sir Robert de Harlcj, and Eli- zabeth, wife of Edmund de Comwal i and were next heirs to the beifore specified Peter, Lord Corbet j Ralph Lord Stafford being then thirty-two years of age, Margaret forty-fix, and Eliza- beth forty-two. The said Peter^ Lord Corbet, in 27 Edw. l.f |ras found, by inquisition, to be one of the next heirs of Roget deValletort, a great Baron in the West; and *died, the year foUowhig, seised of the barony of Cans, with its members^ which barony, by the death of Peter, son of the said Peter, as before* mentioned, has been ever fince in abeyance between the families qf the Lcffd Stafford (whence branched the dukes of Buckingham), this family of Harley, and that of Comwal. And in ^l Edw. IIL the coheirs ^ came to an agreement ; Ralphs Lord Stafford, had, for his purparty, the castle of Caus entirely, with the appurte- nances > the Knights fees being likewise parted amongst them* Sir Robert Harley had for hb share, the manors of Yokethul, also Yokelton, Wentnore, Stretton, Cbelme, with a moiety of two water-mills, and one fulling-mill, aod of the fourth part of the manor of Byn-Weston. He died in iS4Q, leaving Robert, his ^on aod heir ; and had also two other sons, Brian and Walter, as the authorities before mentioned make appear; and one daughter, Joan, married to Gilbert de Lacy, I^ord of Frome-castle, in Here- fordshire, who was in wardship to him, and was son and heir of Sir John de Lacy, and Joan his wife,

RoBBBT de Harley, his eldest son, is styled Faiuus (or th< /Simple) in the genealogy aod records. In 28 Edw. HI. Hugh de Parrok and Richard More, by deed, dated at Harley >^ grant to Robert Harl^ and Joan his wife^ the manors of Harley, Gre- tingdon, Keole, Cherlecote, Bolde» Yokelton, Stretton, Shelve, Wenteneie, and the fourth part of the forest of Cans, which they had by the feoffment of the said Robert. In 35 Edw. HI. by the name of Robert, son and heir of Margaret, wife of Robert de Harley, he *= gave twenty-five marks to the King for his relief for the fourth part of the ** barony of Caus. In 37 Edw. IIL by a final agreement between Hugh Parok, plaintiff, and Kobert de

r Esc. 27 EHw. I. n. 3a. * Esc. 28 Edw. I. o. 40.

• Ciauf. 21 Edw. III. m. 19. ^ Ex Collect. R. Glover, Somcrs.

c Tin. 35 Edw. III. Ex Collect. W. Holman. <l Inter Ped. Fio. com. Salop. 37 Edw. III. VOL. IT. X

30 1>EERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Hatley and Joan his wife; deforctents^ a settlemcDt was made of the manors of Harley, Grctington, and Wylclve (as then wrote), on him and the said Joan his wife, ^nd the heirs of their bodies, with i^mainder to the right heirs of the said Joan. Also the same year bj * another final agreement, wherein Hugh le Yonge, Clerk, and Hugh Parrok, Vicar of the church of Shawebuiy, being plaintiffs, they Settled the manors of Yokeltdn, Shelve, and Wentenere, and the fourth part of the forest of Cani, on the said Bobtft and Joan, for their lives, with remainder to Fulk, son of Robert Corbet, of Morton^ and his heirs, remainder to the right beits of the said Joan : but, by another final agreement the next ensuing year, they ^ granted the premises to the said Fulk Corbet, to hold for their lives, in consideration of an annual allowance of 601. during both their lives. In 39 Edw. III.k he granted to John Delves, Chevalier, a Knight's fee, and seven shillings rent, with the appurtenances, in Deryngton, togethct with the homage and service of Richard de Deryngton, add his heirs, in the said town. And in 41 Edward III.*» reciting, that Fulk, son of Ro- bert Corbet, of Morton, Knight, holds the manors of Yokelton, Shelve, Wentenore, and the fourth part of the forest of Cans, for life, by demise of the said Robert and Joan his wife, and that the premises, after the decease of the said Fulk, ought to revert to the said Robert and Joan, and the heirs of Joan ; they granted the reversion thereof to Roger, son of Robert Corbet, of Morton, Knt. and to the heirs male of his body, remainder to the said Robert and Joan, and the heirs of Joan. In 48 Edw. III.^ it is set forth, that Jlobert de Harley, cousin and heir of Malcolm de Harley, held the moiety of the manor of Ashdon, with the ap- purtenances, of the heir of Robert de Mortimer, late Earl of March, the King's ward, by the service of a moiety of one Knight's fee. But not long after he departed this life, as is evi- dent from a final agreement in 50 Edward IIl.'^ between Joan, widow of the said Robert de Harley, plaintiff, and Peter de Cornc- wall, deforcient, whereby the said Peter grants the reversion of the manor of Cherlecote (then held by Brian de Comcwall, Che- valier, and others, for the life of the said Brian), together with the manors of Yokelton, Shelve, and Wentenore, and the fourth part of the forest of Cans (then also held by Fulk Corbet for life,

c Inter Ped. Fin. com. Salop. 37 Edw. III. f Ibid. 38 Edw. III.

f Ibid. 39 Edw. III. h Ibid. 41 Edw. III.

* Ibid. 48 Edw. III. k Ibid. 50 Edw. UU

EARL OF OXJ!'0RD> AND EARL MORTIMER. 51

with remainder to Roger his brother, if he survires him), to the said Joan, and her heirs. She* was daughter of Sir Robert Cor- bet, of Morton Corbet, Knight, and furvived her l\usband many years. In 4 Rich. II. being styled Joan,™ widow of Robert de Harley, she claimed the third part of the manors of Bueld, and (%er!ecote, as her dower, aglainst Hamond de Peshall, and Alice his wife ; and her claim was allowed. She was also living " in 13 Hen. IV. Thejr had issue an only daughter and heir,® Alice, married to Sir Hamond de Peshall, of the county of Stafford, Knt. •Dd carried the castle and lordship of Harley, and a great estate, oot of the family -, and the said Alice likewise left issue, Eliza- beth, her sole heirjP married first to Henry Grendon,<i who died possessed of the manor of Harley, &c. In 24 Hen. VI. she, secondly, was married to Sir Richard Lacon, Knt. who had issue by her William Lacon, of \Vllley i^ from whom descended those of the name at Willey, and Kinlet, Thongland, Holloway, and Monnslow, in Shropshire.

Having brought the issue of Robert de Harley to a period, I now return to Brian Harley, his brother; who, being in the wars with France, received the honour of knighthood; and was a person of such eminence, that "Edward the Black Prince re- commended him to his father, Edw. III. to be chosen a Knight of the Garter 5 but he died before his election. He^ married Ele- anor, daughter to Sir Roger Corbet, of Morton, sister to his eldest brother's wife; and by agreement with his brother, " divided the inheritance of the family, whereby Sir Brian was heir to his mo> tber*s^tate; viz. Brampton, Bucton, By ton, and other lands in Wiggesmoreland. He left issue one son, ^ Bryan de Harley, and a daughter, v Eleanor, married to Sir John Bromwick, of Brom- wick castle, in Herefordshire, Knight j Eleanor his wife was, secondly, » married to Thomas Cotes.

Bryan de Harley, Esq. succeeding his father, was denomi- nated of Brampion-castle, in Herefordshire ; he was Governor * of Montgomery and Dolverin castles, in the reign of Henry IV. which he bravely defended against the famous Owen Glendour^

' VificenVs VisUar, de com. Salop. « Ex Collect. R. Glover, Somen. Fecial, n Vincent's Vifiut. de com. Salop. * ** Ibid. P Ibid,

S Ibid. ' Esc. 24 Hen. VI. n. 3^. • Ex Collect. Hug. Thom«.

« Viiiut. Sec. com. Salop. pr«d. » Ex Stcromite sub manu Joh. Anstu, Arm. x Ibid.

7 Visit, de com. Salop. pr«4, « Ex Collect. Hug. Thomas. » Ibid.

J3 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

dwy, IV ho was fcn-ced, hy his vilovr, to return from thenti ill . memorj whereof he changed his crest; which was '' a Budt0 *^ Head proper, to a dem Lion, Gules, issuing out of the Top of " a Tower, triple towered, proper,** He married Isolda, second daughter of Sir Ralph Ljogayne^ of Stoke^ Knt. by whom he had issue two sons, Richard, who, dying unmarried>^ was succeeded .by Jeffery, hb brother and heir.

Which Jeffeey de Harley, of Brampton-ciistle, Esq. marrted^® first, Joan, daughter of Johan ap Harry, of Poston, Esq. by whom he had issue, Margaret, wife of Hugh WoUey; and, se- condly, ^ Julian, daughter of Sir John Hurley, of Burley, Knt, nephew and heir to Sir Simon Barley, Knight of the most noble order of the Garter : whose brother. Sir Richard Burley, was also Knight of the Garter, as was also Sir John Burley, their father ; and it is remarkable, that the father and sons were Knights of the Garter at tlie same time. From this marriage proceeded two sons, John f and Brian, killed at Brampton, on Palm-Sunday, by certain felons of Radnorshire. The said Jeffcrey Harley, by bi» last wil),« bearing date Jan. 10th, 1448-9, bequeathed/ to his eldest son John, his manors of Brampton and Buxton ^ and to his younger son Brian, his manor of Byton ; and to his daughter Joan, several legacies.

Sir John Harley, his eldest son, engaging on the part of the house of York against that of Lancaster, in those bloody contests which then happened,^ was knighted in the field of l>attle, at Gaston, near Tewksbury, by Edw. IV. on May gth, 1471. He» was Sheriff of Shropshire, in 21 Edw. IV. and was liying in lO Henry VII. as appears by a deed,^ wherein William Hoskin* conveys lands, in Byton, to him and Joan his wife. She was 'daughter of Sir John Hackluit,*^ of Eyton, Knt. by whom he left issue Richard, his son and heir 3 and had also a daughter Alice, wife of Richard Monington, Esq.; and, secondly, to Willianft Tomkins, of Monington.

Sir John was buried in Brampton church, where a monument was erected to his memory, and to that of his son Richard ; but was defaced in the civil wars in the reign of king Charles I.

^ Ex Stemmate «c supra. c Ibid. d £1 Collect. H. Wanley.

^ £z Stemmate per Anstia & Hoimand. f £x Collect. Hug. Thomas.

B Jelcyrs Cat. of Knights, MS. ^ E;t Collect. Hug. Thomas.

i Ibid, k Visitat. de com. Salop. ^ Of the same family as the tompiler.of the CoUectioa of Vofaget of that

EAEL OF OXFOBDt AND SARL MORTIMER, 53

Hit only son Richaed Hadey, Esq. in the 14th year of iln. VII.> was Sheriff of the county of Salop. He married Ca- theiine> daughter of Sir Thomas Vaughan, of T^etower-castle, in BreckDockahire» who, by order of the Duke of Gloutiester^ after- wards Rich. III. was beheaded at Pomfret, with the Earl Rivers, and otiien, anno l4SS, for their fidelity to the young king £d« ward V. This Richard Harley, Esq. by his marriage aforesaid, was related to the best ^milies in Wales ; ™ the Welch genealo* gists deriving the said Sir Thomas Vaugban from the ancient British Princes of Hereford, Brecknock, and Radnor, before the Norman or Saxon conquests -, and from the jioble fsimilie^ of the Claret aod Mortimers, as also from 9II the Princes of Wales.

By the inquisition taken at Wigmore,** June 27th, 1529, ^^^^ his death, it appears, that Sir John Harley, Knt. in consideration of a marriage between the said Richard, his son and heir appa- rent, and Catharine, daughter of Sir Thomas Vaughan, Knight, made a settlement of the manor of Brampton, the town of Buc- ton« parcel of the said manor, the manor qf Over- Fed wardyne, ■nd divers messuages, kc, in Over^Pedwardyne, Nether-Pedwar- dyne, Walforde, and Borysforde, fix. burgages, and certain lands aod tenements thereto belonging, in the town or borough of Wigmore, together with divers other messuages, lands, and tene- ments, in Lengthalle-Erlys, Alfortune, Kyntone, and Leyntwar- dtn, in the lordship of Wigmore, in trust for the use of him the Slid John Harley, Knight, and Joan his wife, for their lives, re- mainder to the use of Richard Harley, his son and heir, and the heirs of his body, remainder to the right heirs of the said Sir Mmi"* and that the said Richard died on March 13 th, before the taking of the inquisition, leaving John Harley, his son and heir, thirtyi-eight years ok) apd upwards : and had also two other sons, William and Thomas; and a daughter, Catharine, married to Roger Hopwood, Esq.

The said John Harley, Esq. bom in 1491, was, in his father's life-time,P a commander in the wars against the Scots, apd sig* Balized himself in the battle atFlodden Field, Sept. pth, 1513. He married, 1 1 Hen. VIII. Anne, daughter of Sir Edward Crofts, Knt. by whom he had issue John Harley j Thomas, Rector of Brampton > William} JEdward^ Margaret, wife of Thomas

* Ex CoUcCt. Hug. Thomas, ^ Vlgicat, de com. Salop. FuUefs Worthies ia eod.com. " Ex Scemmate sub maj)u Hog^ Thomas. '^ Esc. ai Hen. VIII.

• Esc. ut supra. P Ex Qjlkct. |luj. Thomas.

54 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Adams^ of Electon, in Shropshire $ Joyce, and Elizabeth. After her decease, he wedded Anne^ daughter of Sir Edward Rouse, of Worcestershire, Knt, by whom he had issue, Alice, wife of Simoa Macklew.^i He died on August 6th, 1542, leaving John hb son and heir.

John, eldest son and lieir of the said John Barley, Esq. on his falher*s deceate, was in ward to the King ten weeks, and being at full age on Oct. 29th, 1542, thereupon sued^ out a special livery of all the manors and lands his father died posessed of, viz. the manor of Bucton, with the appurtenances in Bucton; the manors of Pedwarden, and Boristorde, held pf the King as of the honour of Wigmorc, by the service of one Knight's fee : the ma- nor of Byton, with the appurtenances^ and other lands and tene- ments in Byton, held of Richard Cornwall, Esq. as of his manor of Stepleton, in soccage, by the rent of 6d. Also lands and tene- ments, and a mill, with the appurtenances, in Walford, Lent- warden, Atfortone, Wigmore, Buektone, and Yetone, held of the King in soccage 3 also lands and tenements in Kingtone; the manor of BramtonBrian, with its appurtenances, held of the King as of the honour of Wigooore, by the service of one Knight*8 fee 5 and Bucton-park, with its appurtenances, all in Hereford* shire ; the manor of Lysse, and its appurtenances, in the county of Southampton } tenements in Bukenhille, half the- manor of Dowr, tenements in Nether-downe, in Brome, and in Wyads, m com. Salop ; tenements in the Reves, and in Blackbich, in Rad- norshire.

His father, on March 30th, 1541, covenanted with Richard Wamcomb, of Hereford, Esq. for a marriage to be solemnized between his said son John, and Maud Warncomb, before the feast of Pentecost then next ensuing, and settles upon them in present, the manors of Byton, in com. Hereford, and Lysse Stormy, alias Lysse Harley, in com. Southampton, with the re- version of Bramton- Brian, Pedwardiu, Boresford, Bucton, Wal- ford 5 and the lordship of Nether-down, in com. Montgomery, after the expiration of thirty years; during which time the profits thereof was to provide portions for younger brothers and sisters. This Maud Warncomb was at length coheir to her brother^

^ John Harlejr, Bishop of Hereford, who died 1554, ^"^> ^^ '^ younger branch •f this family.

' Pat. 34. Hen. Vill. ex Collect. Humph. Wanlejr, • Wamcomb^s Title to Lugwarden, &c. MS.

£ABL OF OXFORD* AND £ARL MORTIMER. 55

James Warncomb^ Esq. who died possessed of the manor of Lug- waidla, in com. Hercf. (purchased by his father Richard Warn- comb, Esq. of Sir John Bridges, in 31 Henry VIII.) and divers other manors and lands. And, on the division of the estate, she had, for her share, the manors of Aylton and Picksley^ with lands in Bodenham, Webton, Gotbermist* Leynlall^ Starks, and Elton; with several houses in Hereford^ and Leominster.

By the said Maud> he had issue John Harley, Esq. slain in tho French wars, V. P. 5 Thomas William, and Richard, a learned man, the tutor of his nephew' hereafter mentioned ; also three daughters > 1. Catherine, first married co John Cresset, of Upton- Cresset; and afterwards to John Cornwall, Baron of-Burford, in Shropshire I she died Feb. l6th, l623, aged eighty-four, and was buried at Burton, in Shropshire; 2. Elizabeth, wife of Giles Nan- lao, of Birch-Morton, in Wwrcestershirp ; apd^ 3. Jane, married to Roger Minors, of Triago, in com. Heref. Esq.

The said John Harley, Esq. was Sherifi^of Herefordshire, in 3 £dw. VI. and again in 3 Eliz^. It appears that he was Constable o£ Conway-castle, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth.^ Sir Henry Sidney, Lord deputy of Ireland> and President of Wales, in a let- ter to Secretary Cecil (dated Aug. 8th> 1568), desired he might have Queen £lizabeth*s letter to Harley, Constable of Conway- castle, to receive such Irish prisoners, or pledges, as he should scad him, to be confined in the sajd castle.

His will bears date in December, 1580, and Maud, his wife's, aono 1569 > ^^^ ^ ^ lived to be eighty- ^ve years of age, as is asserted,^ he did not die till the year l&OSi ; as n^ay be computed from his age, before mentioned, on his father's decease. Wht^o his body was opened to be etnbalmed, a stone was taken out of it, that weigjied above sixteen ouniresj^ and w^s long kept in the fiunily.

His eldest surviving son^. Thomas Harley, Esq. of Brampton, bom about the year 15^3, lived, during \kis father's life, at Wig- more-castlei was in *the commission of peace, A.D. 1585, ^ high Sherifif of Herefordshire, in the 36th of Elizabeth, as also in the last year of that Queen, and in the 1st of James I. in which year he had ' a grant, fron^ his Majesty, of the honour and Castle of

« Sidney's Stite Letters, &c. Vol. I. p. 36. « Ex Collect. Hugh Thomas. ' Abstract of Humph. Waolcy's fiztracts of the Harleian Family. r FuUcr*s Worthies in Heref. 2 Pat. i Jac. I. p. 9. m. 18.

50 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Wigmore. He was likewise/ in that reign, of tke council to William, Lord Goonpton, President of Wales 5 and very consider- able in his time for his affluence of fortune, and great abilities; but chiefly distinguished himself by the sagacity of his councils to King James I. against the measures then in pursuit^^ as tend* ing to involve his Majesty, or his son, in a war with his people ; which accordingly came to pass, though above twenty years after^ and he lived not himself to see his predictions verified. After this sincere delivery of his sentiments, he retired from the court, and Service of the state, though not without marks of honour and favour from Cbailes L and enaployed his [rfentiful fortune in acts of hospitality.

He lived to a great age, dying in March, l531 $ and was bu« ned, on the 19th of the same month, at Brampton.

He married Margaret, daughter of Sir .Andrew Corbet, of Morton-Corbet, Knt. by whom he had issue. Sir Robert Harley^ Knight of the Bath. And, surviving her, he married, fecondly^ Anne, daughter to Walter Griftth, of Burton-Agnes, in York- shire, Esq. sister to Sir Henry Griffith, Knt. by whom he had issue James Harley -, and Thomas, who was baptized at Bramp- ton, Sept. 6th, 16OI, and was buried at Lentwarden the saoie year. The said James Harley hiarried, on Oct. 10th, 161O, AnKci daughter and coheir to John Gardiner, Esq. of Brampton,"^ by whom he had issue, Anne, baptized at Brampton, on July l6th^ 1615, He buried his wife there, on June 18th, 16I8, and dying himself at Berrington, soon after, was buried near her, on July 14th following; and their daughter aforesaid, on March 27tb^

Sir Robert Harley, only surviving son of Thomas, was hort^ at Wigmore-castle,« and baptized on March id, 1579. His mo- ther died when he was very young, and he received his first in* atiiiclions in literature from his uncle, Richard Harley, a man of noted wit and learning ; by whom being accomplished for the University, his father sent him to Oriel-collcgc, in Oxford, He continued there four years, and took his degree of Bachelor of Aris:^ and thence removed to the Middle-Temple, in London^ where he associated with men of the first rank in that society 5 and resided there till the coronation of Japes I, at which he waf

* Rxrocr's Feed. Vol. XVII. p. 30. «> Vi^e Plato Redivl?us.

c Resist, de Bramton Brian. * Ibid. ^ Ibid.

f Introducuon to the Life of Sir Robert Harley, Koiaht of the Bath, MS,

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER, ST

vaAt ooe of the s Knights of the Bath, on Jdy 15th, 1603. He was in the next year, on July l6tb, made Forester of Boring- wood, alias Bringwood-forest,^ in com. Hereford,^ with the office «f the Pokership, and custody of the foref t or chase of Prestwood, for life. In an Abstract of the King^s Revenues,^ are these en« tries relating thereto : — ^To Sir Robert Harley, for keeping Bo- nngwoed, alias Bringwood«forest, in com. Hereford, 61. 2«. 8d. per ann. 9 for the Pokership 30 s. 5d. by the year 3 and for keep- ing the forest of Prestwood, 18 s. by the year. In the 7th of Jac. I. he obtained a grant to himself, his heirs, and assigns for ever, for a weekly mark^,* and a fair annually, at Wigmore, in Herefordshire. He was elected Knight for the said county,*" in the 21st year of James I.'s reign, and was put into the comnaission of the peace (as his father ** had been), in the 1st of Charles I. On Sept. 12th, 1626, he<^ had a grant of the office and offices of master and worker of monies, to be coined in the Tower of Lcmdon, during life ; and on Nov. 8th following, an p indenture was made, between the said King and Sir Robert Harley, Knight of the Bath, for coining the monies of silver and gold,^ according to his letters patent. To this office was annexed a salary of four thousand pound per ann. as Whitlock observes >' and that after the King*s murder, the parliament having ordered a new coin to be stamped. Sir Robert Harley refufed to coin with any other stamp than that of the King : whereupon the Parliament ordered a trial of the ptxe to be made at Sir Robert Harley*s expense; and removed hiip from his place. While he enjoyed it, to the great improTement of our coin, he introduced that famous artist, Tho- mas Symonds, to be engraver o( the dies for the mint.

Being, by his lady," related to that famous Gener^, Horace, pord Vere, of Tilbury ; there was such m intimacy between

8 Philpofs Catal. of Knights, k Adjoining the seat at Downton, of Richard Payne Knight, Esq. and liow, I believe, |>ait of his property.

* Pa'. 2 Jac. I. p. 21, k Printed, 4to. 1653.

i Pat. 7 Jac. I. p. 27. m Ex Collect. Br. Willis, Arm.

ft Ex Collect. H. \yanley » Pat. z Car. I. p. 21. n. 17.

P Ibid, pr 24. n. $, ^ Ex Collect^ Nich. Jekyl, de Cast. Henningb. in com. Essex, Am. r Memorials of K. Charles, fol. 388. • The mother of his third wife, Brilliana Coanniy, was Dorothy, sister to Mary Lady Vere, and daughter to Sir John Tracy. He was therefore not related t« tord Vere hixnself.

58 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

theiT)«^ that the said Lord^ in his wll]^ dated Nov. 10th, 16M> styling him his much respected friend, makes him the first of hi* trustees, by indenture, Oct. 20th, l634, which he also confinned by his will. He was one of the leading members in the Parlia- ments of Charles I. also captain of a troop of horse in the Par- liament's service, and had considerable influence in the public affairs, as may further appear in the printed histories of those times. *» In April, l642, he was chosen, by the King, one of the Commissioners and Council for the advising, ordering, and dis- posing all things concerning the government and defence of the kingdom of Ireland. He was a great patron of religion and learning) an enemy to oppression, bigotry, and hypocrisy; and protected the puritan minbters against the violence of the courts of high commission, and star-chamber.

He was thrice married -, first, to Anne, daughter of Ciiarlet Barret, of Belhouse, in Aveky, in Essex, Esq. by whom he had a son named Thomas, who died young ; and she was buried at Cuxton, near Rochester, in Kent, where there is a handsome mo- nument erected for her. Secondly, Mary, daughter to Sir Francia Newport, of High Ercal, in com. Salop, afterwards Lord New-^ port, by whom he had issue^ John, bom at Brampton-castle, on Oct. 18th, 1607, and afterwards buried at Bucknel ; also eight children more, who all died young.^ Thb Lady Mary, their mother, was buried at Bramptbo-Brian, on Aug, 6ih, 1622. He took to his third wife, Brilliana, fecond daughter of Edward, Viscount Conway (y one of the greatest men oj that age, both in camp and state, says Collins), by Dorothy his wife, daughter tc^ Sir John Tracy, of Todington, in com. Gloucester, Knt. sister to Mary, wife of that renowned General, Sir Horace Verc, Lord Vere, of Tilbury \ by which his family became related to the Veres, earls of Oxford ; Holleses, Earls of Clare ; and several other noble families. Tins marriage was solemnized on July 22d« 1623 : and, by the said Lady Brilliana, he had issue, 1. Sir Ed- ward Harley, hereafter mentioned ;

< Ex Regist. vocat Sadler, quire 45, in Cur. Praerog. Cintuar.

u Pat. 4 April, 18 Car. i. ^c RcgUt. de Bramptoo-Briaa.

7 1 let this stand, to shew with what strange and uniform flattery the old edi- tions of Collins have distributed their praise. This is not the first lord Conway, whofe notable insufficiency is mentioned by Clarendon ; but his son, of whooi the noble Historian has drawn a character in his first volume, p. 141, and wbo» though here eulogised as one of the greatest S')ldier8t incurred the most disgracr^ ful defeat from the rebels at Nswburn, in the North, tliat happened during the >»holc war.

EARL OF aXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 59

2. Sir Robert Harlcy, Knt.* who married, on Feb. 8th, 1670, Edith, daughter of — — — Pembroggc, Esq. and widow of Major Hioton, but died issueless, and was also buried at Brampton, on Nov. 18th, 1673 ',

3. Thomas Harley, of Kinsham-court, in com. Hereford, Esq. vbo, by Abigail fais wife, daughter of Sir Richard Saltonstall, Knt. bad four sons, who died issueless.

Sir Robert had also four daughters ; Brilliana, wife of James Stanley, second son of Sir Robert Stanley, Knt, who was second SOD to William, earl of Derby j Dorothy, wife of William Mitchell, in the county of Norfolk, Esq. } Margaret and Elizabeth, who die unmarried.

His Lady Brilliana, fo christened because bom while her father iras Governor of the Brill, was highly celebrated for her prudence aod valour in the latp civil wars; having ^so heroically defended ber hosbapd 8 castle of Brampton, against the powerful army which invaded it, that they were, after many attacks, obliged to raiae the sifigp^ me^ly through her skilful management of treaties with the adverfaries, and exemplary courage, which animated the defendants ; well becoming a descendant from her warlike ances- tors. This siege of Brampton was begun on July 20th, 1643,^ and l^ted seven weeks, in which time most of the town was bom^j and this gallant lady dying in October following, the castle was a second time besieged. And then, after a long and brave defence, though made by Sir Robert Harley's servants only, and the besiegers cannon having laid all the walls and outworks* in ruin, it wa^ surrendered and burnt ; as was also his castle of Wigffiore (the ancient seat of the Mortimers) together with the diurch of Brampton; also his two parks and warren laid waste; besides above forty dwelling-houses destroyed. And as the family has been ever addicted to the love of literature, as well as the ex- erdse of arais, an extraordinary library of manuscript and printed books, which had been collected from one descent to another, also perished in Brampton -castle, and the said demolition and lack thereof; the whole loss amounting, as it has been computed, to above 5O,O00 1. Sir Henry Lingen's estate (who had besieged tbe casde, and burnt the town of Brampton, Sec.) was aftei wards laid under sequestration, and the profits thereof ordered to make latis&ction for those great damages. Yet so honourable, so com*

* Rcg'St. dc Brampton-Brian. * Ex Collect. H. Thomas.

* The Old Register of Brampton, ac the end.

00 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

passionate wasX^olonel Hadey, that after an inventorj had been taken of all the personal estate and goods, he waited on the Lady Lingen (Sir Henr/ being dead)^ and having asked, " whether that was a perfect inventory, and she had signed the same/' ho presented it to her, with all his right thereto. Sir Robert Harlej wanted not ibrtitode, hereditary and acquired, to sustain these disasters ; living several years after them, and at last died of the itooe and gout, on Nov. 6th, and was interred with his ancestors at Brampton-Brian, ^ on Dec. 10th following, anno l656. Hit funeral sermon was preached, the day of his interment, by the Rev. Mr. Jdmes Froyseld, who, soon after publishing the same, dedicated it to his son Colonel Edward Harley ; to that, therefore, we refer for his further deserved praise. Among other hardships in his old age, he was imprisoned by the army, on the following occasion: on Dec. 6th, l646, he and his son Colonel Edward Harley having voted, " That the King's answer to the proposi- tions from both houses, was a ground for them to proceed upon, to the settlement of the kingdom's peace," the army the next morning seized on forty-one of the principal members then sit* ting J and Sir Robert, with his son Colonel Harley, being two of them, were conveyed into their great victualling-house, near Westminster-hall, called Hell, where they kept them all nijjbt^ without beds, and were after driven as prisoners (through snow and rainr) to several inns in the Strand, and there confined under guards of the soldiers." See Dugdalis View of the Troubles, p. 361.

Colonel Edward Harley succeeded his father, as his eldest son and heir, in his estate and virtues : and, being a man of great integrity, was deservedly advanced to great honour. He was baptized at Wigmore, on Oct. 21st, 1624, and was educated at Magdalen-hall, in Oxford, though be did not abide long there, * He was one of the Knights of the shire for Hereford, with his father, in the last Parliament called by Charles 1.; and, upon the eruption of the civil war, he was Colonel of a regiment, which be raised himself. In one of his first engagements, in the year 1642, he was shot with a musket-ball, which he bore in his bo(Jy fifty-eight years, even to his grave. He distinguished his valour and expertness in arms, in several battles; and, in the year 1644,* he was made governor of Monmouth j also, the year after, of

« Regiit. de Braaspton. i Et Collect. B. Willis, Arm.

« Wbitlock*s Memoirs, p. io2.

EARL OF OXFORD^ AND EARL MORTIMER. 61

Cianon-tromc, a garrison between Worcester and Hereford. In 1647/ he was one of the eleven members in the House of Com- ffloas, wbo> by reason of their firnmess in promoting a peace with the King,* were impeached by the army of high treason : *' For that, by their power m the house, the ordinance for disbsinding the army did pass 5" and threatened, if they were not expelled, thejr would march 'up to Westminster : whereby the rest of the members were so intimidated, as to exclude them the house. But, being sooie time after again admitted, he and his father. Sir Jobert Harley, were, by the army, made prifoners, as already mentioned in the account of Sir Robert. In 1656, being chosen bj the county of Hereford, one of their representatives in Parlia* mcDt; and Oliver Cromwell having secluded him, with several other members who would not be subservient to him; he was eoc of those who signed and published a remonstrance,^ <' That Jhcy would not be frighted or flattered to betray their country, md give up their religion, lives, and estates, to be at his will, to icnre his lawless ambition." And in very pathetic terms, set forth the depredations of Cromwell, and the power he had assumed; protesting, that the assembly at Westminster was not the repre* K&Utive body of England j and '' That all such membera as shall take on them to approve the forcible exclusion of other chosen members, or shall sit, vote, or act, by name of the Parlia-* meat of England, while, to their knowledge, many of the chosen members are so by force shut out, ought to be reputed betrayers of the liberties of England, and adherents to the capital enemy of the commonwealth.'*

In the Parliament which restored Charles 11. he was one of the members for the county of Hereford. He approved himself such a faithful assertor of the royal cause, and was so instrumental to the restoration, that meeting the King at Dover, upon his first retom to his dominions, his Majesty made him Governor of Dun- kirk; and he went directly to take possession of it, that the town might not fall into the hands of the French, as General Monk told him otherwise it would: He also preferred a petition to the coandl, which Mr. Anuealey reported to the House of Commops, so June 29th, 1660,' and was referred to a committee, to take

f Ibid. p. 2S6. and Kenneths HIsr. of Engl. Vol. III. fol. 168. I Upra this occasion Baxter mentions him : he calls him, « a sober and trvif nfigiout man j the worthy son of a most pious father. Sir Robert HarU y."

* V^rhitJack, p. 643. i Joum. Don. Com.

62 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

into consideration the establishment of a government at Dankirk^ "what number of men would be necessary to be continued, and upon what pay ; and thereupon to prepare an establishment, and report it to the house, with their opinion, bow provision may, with most conveniency, be made for the settled payment thereof.

His said government of Dunkirk was soon after confirmed by the King 3 the warrant made to him for life, which he chose to have altered to during pleasure ; telling the then Solicitor-gene* ral, that he would never serve any Prince longer than he desired. The commission was therefore drawn up in these words (of which there are copies in the office of records) :

" CHARLES the second, by the grace of God, King of Eng:-» land, Scotland, and Ireland, Defender of the faith, &c. To all to whom these presents shall or may come; greeting. Know ye, that we, repositig especial trust and confidence in the great in* dustry, judgment, approved abilities, and good affections, of oar trustie and welbeloVed Colonell Edward Harley, have constituted, ordained, and appointed, and by these presents, of our especial! grace, certain knowledge, and mere motion, doe constitute, or- deyne, and appoint the said Colonell Edward Harley^ Govemour of our town, port, and guarison of Dunkirke, and Mardyke, in West Flaunders, and of all the forts, fortifications, and our other strong holds and havens thereunto belonging : to have and to hold the said office or place of Govemour of our said towne, porte, and guarison of Dunkirke, and Mardyke, and of all the forts, fortifications, and other strong holds thereunto belonging, unto the said Colonell Edward Harley, during our pleasure; with all privileges, profits, allowances, duties, fees, emoluments, per- quisites, commodities, thereunto incident and belonging, in as large and ample manner, and forme, as any person or persons heretofore exercising and executing the said office of Govemour of our said towne, porte, and guarison of Dunkirke, and Mar* dyke, formerly enjoyed and received, for the exercise and execu- tion thereof. Aad for the better ordering and governing of all and every of our officers and souldlers already placed, or hereafter to be placed within our said towne, porte, and guarison of Dun- kirke, and Mardyke, and the forts thereunto belonging, wee do by these presents give full power and authoritie to the said Colo- nell Edward Harley, from time to lime, upon any just occasion, to remove, displace, andcashiere all and everie officers and soul-

ILAlRL of OXPORD, and earl MORTIMER. 6S

iiers, officer and souldicr nowe placed, or hereafter to be placed m our said towne and guarison of Dunkirke, and Mardyke, for the defence and safeguard thereof, who, for contempt and dis- obedieoce, or any reasonable caase, shall deserve the same ; and^ ID his or their places so removed, to admit and place others as often as occasion shall require, and to put in execution the law martiall against notorious offenders, for the prevention of all mu- tinies, rebellions, and insurrections, within our said towne and goarison of Dunklrke and Mardyke, and other the places afore-^ said: and from time to time to doe and execute all and every foch lawful act and acts, thinge and things whatsoever, as may tend to the safetie and well governing of our said towne and gua« rison of Dankirke, and Mardyke, and other the places aforesaid : io as anple manner and forme, as any person or persons formerly Govemour or Govemours of the said towne and guarison have lawfully executed and performed. And further, for that the said Colonel Edward Harley may have urgent obcasions sometimes to absent himself from his said charge and command, we have given end graonted, and by these presents doe give and graunt unto the nid Colonell Edward Harley, in case of such his absence, fall power and authoritie to nominate, substitute, and appoint, one or more deputie or deputies, for whom hee the said Colonell Ed« ward Harley will be answerable : to which deputie or deputies, we do hereby give full power and authoritie, in the absence of the said Colonel Edward Harley, to do and execute all the powers and authorities hereby given to the said Colonel Harley, in as kige and ample manner as the said Colonel Harley might or ought lawfully doe and execute, if hee were present. WiUinge and hereby streightly charginge and commanding all our officers, as well civill as martiall, and all, and all manner our loveinge sublet, within our said towne, porte, and guarison of Dunkirke and Mardyke, and places^ aforesaid, to be aydeing, assistant, and obedient unto the- said Colonell Edward Harley, or any other authorised, by, or under him as aforesaid, in the due execution of his said office and place, as they and everie of them will an- fweare the contrary at their perils. In witness whereof, wee have csosed these our letters to be made patents. Witness our selfe at Westminster; the fourteenth day of Jtilie, iu the twelfth yeare of oor reign."

By the Kinge,

HOWARD.

<J4 tEfiRAGE OF ENGLAND.

During the short space of time he held this govcfnfflctit of Dunkirk, he ^ recruited the garrison to above nine thousand meoj and began many fortificatiuns, which were afterwards perfected by the French. And, as a singular pattern of incorruptible fide- lity, be it remembered, to his lasting glory, that no honours, no rewards, could make him act contrary to the interest of his coun- try. He was so far from uniting with those who consented to the sale of Dunkirk to the French, that he strenuously opposed it J and by his interest, got the » House of Commons to pass a resolution to prepare an act that it should never be alienated, but be made a part of the King's hereditary dominions. Nor could he be prevailed on, by threats or promises, or even by great bribes, to relinquish that resolution. And it must be more particularly remembered," that he refused the dignity of Peerage 3 also an offer made him, by a certain great man, of ten thousand pounds, to be passive in the surrender of that place, and forbear his pro- •ccution of a law, to annex Dunkirk to the crown of England* However, the court being determined to sell the town, he received the following order at Dunkirk, on May 25th, by the hands of Major Floyd :

'' Charles R. '* WHEREAS, we have given commission to our right trusty and well-beloved Andrew, Lord Retorfort, to bee Govcrnour of the said garrison, and to take charge of the said garrison, with all the forts and strengths thereof, and of the ordnance, amuni- tion, and other furniture of war, in or belonging to the said garrison : these are to require you. Sir Edward Harley, Governor of the said garrison of Dunkirke, upon sight hereof, to surrender and deliver up the said garrison of Dunkirke, with all the forts and strengths therein, or therewith under your command 5 and all the ordnance, arms, ammunition, stoares, and other furniture and utensils of war, with all provisions, cloathes and necessaries belonging to the said garrison, or now therein for publique use, or in any of the forts and strengths, that are under your com- mand, unto Andrew, Lord Retorfort aforesaid, for our service j taking the said Lord Retorfort*s receipt for all the particulars you shall so deliver up unto him, which shall be your discharge

k Hist, de la Maisos de Harfey, ptr Mons. Moret, MS. 1 Kcnnefs Hist, of Engl. Vol. III. p. 259. ^ Moret ut supra.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 68

for the fame. Given at our court at Whitehall, this 22d day of

May, in the 13th year of our reign.

To Mr inisty and well- by hls Majestie*s command.

belofcd sir Edward lUrkf, •^rTr » «»«>^^*^»

KaiglitoftkBBath. . WILL. MORICE.

Having seen the Lord Retorforfa discharge, here follows an exact copy of it

" I doc hcirby certify, that in obedience to his Majesties or- dffs of the tuentie tuo of May, 1661, to the richt honorable Sir Edward Harley, he hath surrendered and delyvered up to me his Majesties garrison of Dunkerk, with all the forts aod strengths diereunto belonging, and all the ordonnances, armes, ammunition, stores and other furniture and ustencelles of warr, with all pro- visions or other necessaries bdonging to the said garrison. For the which I have given, to the said richt honorable Sir Edward Harlcy, this my recept to serve for his discharge. At Dunkcrk, this tucnty eicht May, l66l."

RETORFORT.

It appears that the King allowed 12001. weekly, for maintain- ing the garrison of Dunkirk, and Mardyke,*^ and that Sir Edward Harky left in the hands of Thomai de la Vail, Deputy-treasurer of Dunkirk, 127,7521. 15 s. for which the Lord Retorfort, his SQOccssor, afterwards Earl of Tiviot, gave his receipt, bearing date May29tb, l66l.

Upon the expense of the King's marriage, and that of settling the Queen mother in a splendid court at Somerset-house, Franco took the opportunity to com^dete their bargain for Qunkirk. •* The first motion to the King for complying therewith, as my author says,^ he was assured by a knowing man, was the great expense -in keeping itj which Ruterfort the Governor bad in- creased to an exorbitant degree, since the dismission of Sir Ed- ward Harley.** It was sold for 500,0001. and ingloriously put into tbe possession of the French, under the government of the Count D'Estrades, p the English governor Rutherfort, with two companies guarding the gates, at their entrance, and delivering the keyv.

■ Sir Edward Barley's Acoetuit of the Espciues and Treasoic at Dunkiik, MS.

• Echard^s Hist, of England, Vol. III. p. 84. P Kennet*t HisN of EogUnd, Vol. UI. p. 259. ▼Ot. IV. M

66 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

Lord Lanidowo^ in his vindicadon of General Monk^ g^ves dd» account of Sir Edward Harley : '' Greneral Monk foresaw earljr what might happen to be the fate of Dankirk^ and took his pre- cautions in the very beginning to preserve it^ by placing Sir Ed- ward Harley in the command, a man of public spirit, firm to ' the interest of his country, and not to be biassed, tempted, or deluded to be assisting in any thing contrary to it. This appeared plainly afterwards } for the first step taken, as soon as the treaty was preceded, was to remove that gallant man, and place another Governor in his stead."

.When Sir Edward Harley returned into England, and had de» livered up his accounts, which appe&red unexceptionable to the council^ he took his leave of the King on that occauon, and told him before the Duke of Albemarle, that the guns, stores, arms, and ammunition he left at Dunkirk, were worth noore money than the French were to give for the place. He also told the King, he should leave him one thing more, which his Majesty might not think of, <iand that was 10,0001. he had saved in an iron ehest against a siege, or any other exigence which might happen. Upon the whole, he acquitted himself so honourably, that the King was pleased to give him the following gradoos release :

" CHARLES the second, by the grace of God, King of Eng- land, Scotland, France, and Ireland, Defender of the faith, &c. To all to wbome theise presents shall come, greeting. Whereas our trusty and well-beloved Sir Edward Harley, Knight of the Bath, hath performed and done unto us many eminent and accep- table services, which wee do hereby, and shall always acknow- ledge, particularly in his singular care, and conduct, and vigilance, while hee was Grovemour for us of the towne, port, and garrison of Dunkirk, and Mardike, in West Flanders, and of all forts, fiirtificatioos, and other strong holds and havens thereunto be- longing. And whereas tbe said Sir Edward Harley having,- in obedienee to our comand, delivered up the said garrison of tbe said towne of Dunkirk, and Mardike, into the charge of our right trusty and right well-beloved cousin, Andrew, Earl of Tiveot (then Lord Rultherford) did present to the Lords of our Privy- council, an accotnpt of the disbursements of money, during his the said Sir Edward Hurley's serviee there, with a true state of the

<l Ex CdAect. Joh. Frtind, M. D. MS.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 67

RgimentSy mooej^ victualls^ aitlllcr7, amuoitioD, and all other pcoTiiions beloogiDg to the said garrisoD, and received from him b/ the said Earl of Tivcot. Which accompt the said Lords of our coaacell did approve and cause to be entered into the coun* ^ book. Knpw yee therefore, that wee of our especial] grace, certain knowledge, and noeere motion, have remised, released, pardoned, and quit claimed : and by theise our letters patents for w, onr heirs and successors, doc remit, release, pardon, and for cfcr quk-claym^ unto the said Sir Edward Harley, his heirs, exe- cutors, and administrators, all and all manner of actions, suites, complaints, impeachments, accompts, debts, prosecutions or de- mands whatsoever, or causes of actions, suites, complalntes, im- peachments, accompts, debts, profecutions, or demands whatso- eier, either in law or equity, to us, our heirs and successors, belonging, or in any wise aperteyning, for, touching, or concern- ing any cause, n^atter, or things whatsoever, acted or done,, or sufired to be acted or, done, or omitted or neglected to bee done by htm, the said Sir Edward Harley, during his government aforesaid ; or for, touching, or concerning any matter, cause, or thing whatsoever, belonging or relating to his said government of the said town, port, and garrison of Dunkirk, and Mardike, in West Flanders aforesaid. And of the forts, fortifications, and other strong holds and havens thereunto belonging. And our fbrther will and pleasure is, and by these presents for us, our beires and successors. Wee do give and graunte to the said Sir Edward Harley, his heirs, executors, and administrators, that he, they* and all and every of them, his, theire, and all and every of tbeire mannors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments j and his theire, and all and everie of theire goods, chattells, rights, apd credits, shall be and are by theise presents, and from henceforth for ever freed and discharged/ of and from all, and all manner of acdons, suit, quarrels, impeachments, accompts, debts, prosecu- tions, and demands whatsoever, allready comenced; or levyed, or hereafter to be comenced, prosecuted or levyed on the behalf of ns, our heires and successors, for any cause, uMtter, or thing whatsoever, touching, belonging, or relating to his the said Sir Edward Harley*s said government of the said towne, port, and garrison of Dunkirk, and Mardike, and the forts, fortifications, and other the strong holds and havens thereunto belonging : any statute, provision, lawe, grant, commission, constitution, decree, or whatsoever to the contrary thereof, in any wise notwithstand- ing | although expresse mention of the true yearly valuv or cer«

68 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

teiDtj of the premisccs, or any of them, or of any other goifcs, or grants by us, or by any of our progenitors or predecessors heretofore made, to the said' Sir Edward Harley, in theise pren sents, is not made, or any other statute, act, ordinance, provision, proclamation, or restriction heretofore had, made, enacted, or- deyned or provided, or any other matter, cause or thing whatso- ev^er to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding. In witness whereof, wee have caused theise our letters to be made patents. Witness our sdfe at Westminster, the third day of De- cember, in the fifteenth year of our reigne."

By writt of Privy Scale,

HOWARD.

When Charles II. made a cneation of Peers upon his restora- tion. Sir Edward Harley had the offer of a warrant for a Viscounty which he, with great modesty and duty to the King, declined accq>ting of ; and gave this reason for it, ^' lest his zeal and his services, ias the restoration of the ancient government, should be reproached, as proceeding from ambition, and not conscience :** and so nice was he in this point, thai bis being made Knight of the Bath was done without his knowledge } he being then at Dunkirk, and the King inserted his name in the list with his own hand.

He was one' of the Members for the town of Radnor, and for the county of Hereford, in all the Parliaments of Charles II. was niuch regarded in the House of Commons for bis sound reason- ing, and generally closed the debate ; as may be found * in the printed books, which record the transactions of Parliament in those timds.

He was also elected for the county aforesaid, in several Parlia- ments called by King William, to the time of his death, which happened at Brampton- Brian, on Dec. 8th, 1700,^ and was buried in that church in the femily vault.

He was twice married : first, on June 26th, 1654, to Mary, daughter of Kr William Button, of Parkgate, in Devonshire (by his second wife, the daughter of Arthur Ascot, of Tetcote, in com. Devon, Esq.) by whom he had issue four daughters j viz. Brilliana, wife to Alexander Popham, of Tewksbury, in com.

r Ex Collect. B. Willis, Arm. • DtbiteiofcheHoaseofCommoDSi 8to. i58«. * f . * Regist. At Brampton.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 6g

Qocu^ester^ Esq. Martha, wife to Samuel Hutchins, of London, Merchant $ and two Maries, who both died young.

Hb second wife was Abigail, daughter of Nathaniel Stepliens, of Esungtbn, in Gloucestershire, Esq. by whom his children were " allied to Sir Francis Walsinghara, the femous Sir Philip Sidney, and the great Earl of Essex. By this wife he had four sons, and one daughter.

1. Robert, Earl c«f Oxford, &c.

2. Edward Harlcy, of Ejrwood, in com. Hereford, Esq. whose character and eminent virtues, in public and private life, cannot be more justly set forth, than by inserting the inscription placed on bis monument in the church yard of Titley, in which parish lus seat of Eywood is situated.

Under this STONE,

By hii own Appointment, Lye humbly rnt^rr'd The ReUques of the honourable Edward Harley, Esq. Of Eywood, in the County of Hereford, second son of Sir Edward Harley, Knight of the Bath, of Bramton Brian, in the same County, and Brother to the Right Honourable Robert, Earl of Oxford : He married Sarah, third daughter of Thomas Foley, of Wiiley, in the County of Worcester, Esq. by whom he had three Sons and one Daughter.

He was 5jecorder of Leominster, above forty years. And Represented -that Borough near thirty Years in Parliament, In which his Skill in thp Law, And unwearied Application to Business, And extensive knowledge of public Affairs,

Joio'd with a calm and unprejudiced Judgment, A steady and unbiassed Adherence to the Constitution, And a disinterested Zeal for the Good of his country. Made him justly Esteemed, One of the great Supports and Ornaments of it.

In 1 702, He wan advanced by Queen Anne,

To be one •f the Auditors of the Imprest. Which important Place, he executed to hb Death,

With great Caie, Integrity, and Ability;

« Hittoirc de la Malson de Harlej, par M. Moret*

70 PEERAGE OF ENGLA.ND.

And, by his Regulation of the National Accounts, His Service to the Public remains after his Death.

Yd his Assiduity in Civil Imployments,

Neither lessened his Attention to Religion,

Nor interrupted his daily Course of Devotion }

The Discharge of his Doty, as a Christian, Was the Source and Center of all his Desires.

His Hospitality was Great, His Liberality Greater 5 His Charity private and without Ostentation, Nor ever made kno^na but where it cou*d not be conceal'd. He augmented several small Livings In this County, and in Monmouthshire j He maintain'd several Charity Schools in Both j And endowed one for ever at Bramton Brian, The Place of his Birth.

From his known Zeal to promote Christian Knowledge, And particularly the Instruction of Youth,

In the Year 1725 He was chosen Chairman of the Trustees For the Charity Schools in London.

The whole Tenour of his Life was strictly Moral, Without Dissimulation, Pride, or Envy j His Deportment Affable and Humble, His Conversation Chearful and Instructive. He was faithful and constant to his Friends, Charitable and Forgiving to bis Enemies,

Just and Beneficent to all. And the great Example of Piety and Religion, ( Which shone thro* hisLife, and was mostcouspicuousonhisdeathBed) Is the great Consolation and Blessing, He has transmitted to liis Posterity.

He was born the 7th of June, l664. And died on the 30th of August, 1735.

The issue, mentioned in the above inscription, were, Edward, third Earl of Oxford 5 Robert, who died an infant ; Robert, who was chosen member for Leominster, in the two Parliaments called in 1734, and 1/42; was Recorder of the said borough) served in several Parliaments for Droitwich, died unmarried^ March I4th,

EABL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. ;i

1774, and was buried at Titley, 'com. Hereford : and Abigail, married to the Hon. Jol)n Vemey, roaster of tlie rolb, father by her of the present Lord Willoughby de Broke.

3. Nathaniel, the joangest surviving 89n of Sir Edward Har* Uj, was baptized on March 6th, l§65, and bred a merchant. H« £ed at Aleppo, in January, 1719-M* Sir Edward had also a son named Brian^ who died young; and a daughter, named Abigail, boni in l664, who died unmarried, on Oct. 4tb, 1726.

His eldest son, Robert Harley, Esq. was born in Bow-street, in the pansh of St. Paul, Covent-Garden, on Dec. 5th, 1661.

He was educated under the Reverend Mr Birch, at Shilton, fiear Burford, Oxfordshire ; which, though a private school, was remarkable for producing, at the same time, a Lord High Trea- sver,^ a Lord High Cbancellor,^ a Lord Chief Justice of the Common Heas,* and ten Members of the House of Commons ; who were all contemporaries, as well at school, as in Parliament. Hcfe he laid that foundation of extensive knowledge, in human and divine learning, is which he afterwards became so eminent.

At the Revolution, Sir Edward Harley, and this his eldest son, fidsed a troop of horse at their own expense, and marched to Worcester, of which ptece Sir Edward was made Governor, by the Gentlemen of the county *, and his two sons were seat, by him, to tender his and their services to tbe Prince of Orange, and to give his Highness an account of the posture of affairs in those parts.

After the accession of William and Mary, the said Robert Harley, Esq. was first • chosen, on a vacancy, member of Parlia- ment for Tregony, in Cornwall, and afterwards served for the town of Radnor, from l6gOy till be was called up to the House of Lords. On Nov. 13th, 16^^^, ^he was ordered to bring in a bill for the better case of Sheriffs in passing their accounts, and in the execution of their office j and on Dec. 26lh following, was cfaoaen, ^ by ballot, one of the nine Members of the House of Commons, Commissioners for stating tbe public accounts. On Nov. 3d, I6&I, on his motion, tbe Commons resolved, ^ " That tbe paying the army any otherwise than by musters of effective men, is a great wasting of their Majesty's treasure, and ordered a bill for paying the army according to the musters of effective

» Earl of Oxford. 7 Lord Harconrt. * Lord Trevor.

» Willis's Notit. Parriaracnr, Vol. II. p. 116. ^ Vote of the House of Coaamons, No. 37. c Bp. Kenneths Hist, of Eagl. Vol. UI. p. 60^. ^ Vote, No. S.

7% PEERAGB OF ENGLAND.

men : and for better payment of qnarters, and preventing false musters, and punishing mutjny and desertion/' And Mr* Harley^ presented the bill to the house, on Nov« 10th following. He was also chosen one of the arbitrators for uniting the two India com- . panies/

In \Gg4, the House of Commons made it their first business to order Mr. Harley, Nov. 19th, to prepare and bring in a bill, *' For the frequent meeting and calling of Parliaments j** which tbey had been so earnest for in former sessions.s And he drew up and presented the bill, Nov. 22d, which met with so ready a concurrence in the House, that it was sent up to the Lords, Dec. i3th, who, on the 18th of the sam'e month, agreed to it without any amendments. On Feb. Uth, 1700-I, he was chosen Speaker of the House of Commons.^ That P^liament being dissolved the same year by King William, and a new one called, he waa tfgain chosen Speaker on Dec. 31st following. Also, in the first Pariiament called by Queen Anne, he was elected Speaker, whereby he had that dignity in three successive Parliaments.

On April 17th, 1704, he was sworn of her Majesty's privy- council; and on May 18th following, sworn in Council one of

c Note, No. 8. f Kenneft Hist, of Engl. Vd. III. f. 666.

t It bts already been seen, that he was of a stanch Whig family. About . this time, Burnet observes, that he fell into opposition to the Whig Monarch now •n the throne. ^< Harley (sasfs he), was a man of a very noble funily, and very eminently learned } much turned to politics, and of a very restless ambition. He was a man of great industry and application \ and knew forms» and the records of parliament so well, that he was capable, both of lengthening out, and pefplex- ing debates. Nothing coald answer his aspiring temper: so he and Foley joined with the Tories to create jealoaaies, and raise an opposition t they soon grew t* be able to dehy matters long \ and set on foot some very uoeasy things that were popular j such as the Bill agaiast Parliament Men*s being in Places $ and that for dissolving the Parliament, and for having a new one every third year.** O. T. II. loy.

^ << The man, on whose sunagement of the House of Commons (says Bur- net), the new ministry, in 1 7cx>, depended, was Mr. Harley, the heir of a family which had been hitherto the moft eminent of the Presbyterian party \ his edo^ «ation was in that way; hot he not being considered at the Revolatton as ht thought he deserved, had set himself to oppose the Court in every thing, and to find fault with the whole administration ; he had the chief hand, both in the reduction of the Army, and in the matter of the Iiish Grants. The High Party trusted him, though he still kept up an intercut among the Presbyterians \ and be had so particular a dexterity, that he msde both the High Church party, and the DIssenUrs, depend upon him ; so it was agreed, that be should be Speaker.** O. T. U. 15.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 73

the principal Secretaries of State, being also Speaker of the House of ComnioDS at the same time. In 1706, be was appointed one of the Commissioners for the treaty of Union with Scotland, which took effect ; and resigned his place of principal Secretaiy of State, in Fcbraary, 1707-8. On August 10th, 1710, he waa constituted one of the Commissioners of the Treasury, also Chan- cellor and Under-Treasurer of the Exchequer. And, having three days after been again sworn in the Privy-council, he was, 00 March 8th followmg, in great danger of his life; the Marquia of Gutficard, a French Papist (then under examination of a com* mittee of the Privy-council at Whitehall), stabbing him with a penknife, which he took up in the Clerk's room, where he waited before he was examined} Guiscard was thereupon imprisoned, and died in Newgate on the 17th of the same month. Where- upon an act of Parliament passed, making it felony, without be- nefit of clergy, to make an attempt on the life of a Privy-coun- aellor, in the execution of his office ; and a clause was inserted^ ^* to justify and indemnify all persons, who in assisting in defence of Mr. Harley, Chancellor of the Exchequer, when he was stab- bed by the Sieur de Guiscard, and in seoiring him, did give any wound or bruise to the said Sieur de Guiscard, whereby he re- ceived his death.*' And, both Houses of Parliament having ad- dressed her Majesty on the occasion, they expressed their great concern *' at. the most barbarous and vilUnous attempt made upon the person of Robert Harley, Esq. Chancellor of your Ma- jesty's Exchequer, by the Marquis of Guiscard, a Frtfnch Papist> at the time when he was under examination for treasonable prac- tices, before a committee of your Majesty's council. We cannot hot be most deeply affected, to find such an instance of inveterate malice against one employed in your Majesty's council, and so near your royal person. And we have reason to believe, that his fiddity to your Majesty, and zeal for your service, have drawn on htm the hatred of all the abettors of Popery and faction. Wc think it our duty on this occasion, to assure your Majesty* that we will efiTectoally stand by and defend your Majesty, and those who have the honour to be employed in your service, against aH poblic and ^cret attempts of your enemies. Sic."

Whereupon her Majesty returned this answer ^

•' My Lords and Gentlemen, " I take this addreft very kindly from you, on the occasion of

74 PEBRAOE OF ENGLAND.

that barbarous attempt on Mr. Harley, whose seal and fiddttj is my service most appear yet more eminently^ by that horrid endei* ▼our to take away his lific, for no other reason, that appears, but hb known opposition to Popery and faction. Your warm coooero for the safety of my person, and the defence of those emj^ytd in my service, is very gratefoi to me, &c."

The wound he had received, confined him for some weeks : ttid the House of Coomions being informed, that it was almost healed, and that he would in a few days come abroad, they came^ on April 11th, to this unanimous resolution, '^ That when the right honourable Robert Harley, Esq. Chancellor of her Majesty's Exchequer, attends the service of the house, the Speaker do, in the name of this house, congratulate the said Mr. Harley*s escape and recovery from the barbarous and villainous attempt made upon him by the Sieur de Guiscard.*'

And, attending the service of the house on April 26th, the Speaker (William Bromley, Esq.), addressed himself to him in the following speech :

** Mr. Chancellor of the Exchequer, . ** When the barbarous and villainous attempt made opoo you by the Sieur de Guiscard, a French Papist, was communicated to this house, they immediately declared. They were most deq>1y aflRected to find suc^i an instance of inveterate malice against yoo* And observing how you have been treated by some persons, they concluded they had reason to believe, that your fidelity to her Majesty, and zeal for her service, had drawn upon you the hatred of all the abettors of Popery and faction.

*' In this opinion they must be abundantly confirmed, since the Lords, and the Queen, have concurred with thepa.

'* Sir, if your fidelity to her Majesty, and zeal for her service, could ever be doubted, and wanted any testimonials to prove them, you have now the noost ample, and the most undenial>le, •that can be given ; . and, after these, it would be an unpardonable presumption in me, to imagine I could add to them, by saying any thing of your foithful discharge of those great trusts you have been honoured with ; to which your eminent abilities at first re- commended you, and your distingbishing merits have since justi* fied her Majesty's wise choice*

" Your very enemies. Sir, acknowledge this, by their unwearied and rcsties/ endeavours agaiost your person and reputation.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. f$

^ God be tbanked^ tbey htve been faitberto disappointed, and ba?e not been able to accomplisb wbat tbeir inveterate, but im« potent, malice had designed against botb.

" And, may Ibe same Providence, that has wonderfuHj pre* sened yon from some unparalleled attempts $ and that has raised yon up to be an instrament of great good in a reiy critical junc- tore, iK'hen it was much wanted ; continue still to preserve so invaluable a life, for the perfecting of what is so happily begun; that we may dwe to your coilrisels, and to your conduct (under her Majesty )> the rhaintenance and firm establishment of our constitution in church and state.

" These expectations. Sir, have filled this house with an in- ezpressil>le satisfaction for your escape and recovery, which they have unanimously commanded me to congratulate. I do there- fore, in the name of this house, congratulate your escape and re* covery from the barbarous and villainous attempt made upon you fcy the SJeur dc Guiscard.**

To which Mr. Harley returned the following answer t

*' Mr. Speaker, •* The honour this house has dope me, which you have ex- pressed in so obliging a roaniTer, is a sufficient reward for the greatest merit. I am sure it so far exceeds my deserts, that all can do or suffer for the public, during the whole course of my fife, will still leave me in debt to your goodness. By the accept- ance you have vouchsafed my poor service, how noble an encou- ragement, worthy of you, has this house given all our fellow- sabjects, to exert themselves in the glorious cause of preserving the constitution in church £ind state, and in loyalty to the best of Severeign&i This, without doubt, was your view ; and this may convince all, who are' designedly obstinate, how dear the true interest of the nation is to this honourable assembly. Sir, the undeaenred favour 1 have received this day, is deeply imprinted ra my heart ; and, whenever I look upon my breast, it will put me in mind of the thanks due to God, my duty to the Queen,^ and that debt of gratitude and service I must always owe to this honourable house, to you, Mr. Speaker, and to ev'ery particular member."*

1 Burnet says, this accident was of great use to Hailcy, in id?anc)n( hit

7« PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

The next day the Comrooos ordered their Speaker^s ipeec^ to Mr. Harley^ and his answer^ to b^ printed.

And having formed a acheme to satisfy all public and nadonal debts and de6cieiides^ by establishing the company, now called the Sooth Sea Company, her Majesty dueen Anne, resolving to reward his many ^nioent services^ was pleased to advance him to the Peerage of Great Britain, by the style and titles of Baron Hablbt, of fVigmore, in am,, Herrfwd^ Earl of Oxford, end Barl Mortimer, with remainder, for want qf issue male tif his oum body, to the heirs maU of Sir Robert Haarley, Knight of the Bathf Ms grandfather, by letters patent, bearing date May Mth, 171 1, in the lOth year of her reign. The preamble of the said patent is as follows :^

*' Whatever favour the equity of a Prince can bestow on a Gentleman, descended from an illustrious and very ancient family, framed by nature for great things, improved by education in all manner of learning for greater, exercised by long experience in business, versed in many different employments of the common- wealth, with extraordinary reputation, and not ^thout danger : such has our trusty and well*beloved Counsellor, Robert Harley, justly deserved of us : he being the only man, who, by a full House of Commons, was chosen Speaker for three succesmve Parliaments! and, at the saoQe thne that he held the chair, was one of our principal Secretaries of State : his capacity fitting him for the management of those two important offices, which, though they seemed to disagree in themselves, were easily reconciled by one who knew how, with equal weight and address, to temper and turn the minds of men j so wisely to defend the rights of the people, without derogating from the prerogative of the crown ; and who was thoroughly acquainted how well monarchy could consist with liberty. Having run through these two employments at the saooe time, after some breathing-while, he took care of oar Treasury, as Chancellor of our Exchequer $ put a stop to the growing embezdement of the public money, which was spreading far and wide, like a contagion j provided for the settling a new trade to the South Seas 5 and having, with wonderful sagacity, very lately, and in a very good time, retrieved the languishing condition of our exchequer ; and thus restored the public credit, merited the applause of the Parliament^ filled our citizens with joy, and us (for our interest is ever the same with that of our

^ It hat been %md to be written hj Swift. See Hart Mik. I. 1.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. TJ

people), with no fiinall satisfaction : for these reasons, we deter- mine to ocmfer on a Gentleman, who has deserved so well of -ns, and aU oor good subjects, those honours which were long since doe to fajm and his family ; being induced thereto by our own iDdination, and the general voice of all Grreat-Britain. Since therefore the two houses of Pdrliament have declared, that the fidelity and affection he has expressed in our service, have exposed him to the hatred of wicked men, and the desperate rage of a villainous parricide ; stnCe they have congratulated his escape from such imminent dangers, and pot us in mind, that he might not be preserved in vdn, we willingly comply with their desires^ and grant him, who comes so honourably recommended by the hearty votes of our Parliament, a place among the Peers; to whom, by the noble blood, and long train of his ancestors, he is so nearly allied ; and that, with all felicity, he take bis title from the city, where learning flourishes in ko high a d^ree \ hin»elf the ornament of learning, and patron of learned men. Know,

arc.-

In regard to the latter part of his Lordship's character, it may justly be observed, that he was not only an encourager of litenh- ture, but the greatest collector, in his time, of all curious books In print and manuscript, especially those concerning the history rf his own country > which were preserved, and much augmented, by the late Earl his son. But, the Harleyan library being so much odebrated for its usefulness, by other authors, I need only refer my reader to the description of it, in the preface to Bishop Nichol- son's English Historical Library, folio ; and to what I have cited io my several accounts relating to the noble families, whereof I have treated.

Ott Tuesday, May 29th, 17 11* being the anniversary of tlie nativity and restoration of Charles IT. the Queen appointed the Earl of Oxford, 8m:. Lord High Treasurer of Great-Britain j her Majesty having thought fit to pitch on (hat auspicious day, fqr the inauguration of a Prime Minister, to whose wisdom, vigi- lance, and integrity, the restoration of public credit was princi- pally owing. On June 1st, his Lordship, attended by tbe Dukes of Newcastle, Buckingham, Shrewsbury, Somerset, Ormond, Beaufort, Schomberg, Queensberry, and Hamilton ; the Earls of Northampton, Rivers, Winchelsca, Scarsdale, Clarendon, Cardi- gan, Rochester, Anglesey, Yarmouth, Jersey, Poulctt, Cholmon- ddey, Marr, and Loudon 5 the Lords Dartmouth, De la Warr, Cruilford, Butler of Weston, Haliifax, and Guernsey} with the

;a PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Officers of the Exchequer, took tb» oath in the CoorC of Chao« ceiy ', after which, his Lordship went to the Court of Exchequer^ and took also the usual oath as Lord High Treasurer i on which occasion Sir Sinxm Harcourt, the Lord-keeeper, n<rfr«Mrd himself to his Lordship, in the foUowing speech :

*' My Lord Oxford, " ^' The Queen, who does every thing with the greatest wis- dom, has given a proof of it in the honours she has lately confer- red on you, which are exactly suited to your deserts, and quali- fications^,

«' My Lord, ^' The title, which you now bear, could not have been so justly placed on any other of her Majesty *s subjects. Some of that an- cient blood, which fills your veins, is derived from the Veres : and you have shewed yourself as ready to sacrifioe it, for the safety of your Prince, and the good of your country, and as fear- less of danger, on the most trying occasions, as ever any of that brave and loyal house were. Nor is that title less suited to you, as it carries in it a relation to one of the chief seats of learning : for when your eoemies, my Lord (if any such there still are), must own, that the love of letters, and the encouragement of those who excel in them, is one distinguishing part of your character.

" My Lord, " The high station of Lord-Treasurer of Great-Britain, to which her Majesty has called you, is the just reward of >our emi- nent services. You have been the great instrument of restoring public credit, and relieving this nation from the heavy pressure and ignominy of an immense debt, tmder which it languished j and you are now entrusted with the power of securing us from a relapse into the same ill state, out of which you have rescued us. This great office, my Lord, is every way worthy of you } particularly on the account of those many difficulties, with which > the £iithful discharge of it must be unavoidably attended, and which require a genius like yours to master them. The only difficulty which even you, my Lord, may find insuperable, is how to deserve better of the crown and kingdom after this ad- Tancement, than you did before it."

EARL OF OKKttO, AND EARL MORTIMER. 79

C^ Aufost L5lh, 171 19 at a general court of Ibe South Sea Compaoj^ he was chosen their Governor^ of which he had been tbe chief founder or regulator. On October 26tb, 1712^ he was ^ected a Knigbt^compankm of the most noble Order of the Gar* tcTf and installed at Windsor, on August 4th following. He was also 090 of the GoTemors of the Charter-house, and Gustos Rotnlortini of the county of Radnor. On Julj 27tb, 1714/ he icrigned his staff as Lord High Treasurer of Great-Britain, at Kensington, into the Queen's hands, who died on August Ist^ tliat3rear.

On June 10th, 1715, his lordship was impeached, by the house of Commons, of high treason, and high crimes, and misdemeanors; and was committed to the Tower by the house of Lords, on July 16th, the same year : where he suffered a severe and long con- finement, till July 1st, 1717* when, after a public trial, he was tmanimoosly acquitted by his Peers.

Mr. Pope hath celebrated his memory in tbe following lines:'

'* A soul supreme, in each hard instance try'd. Above all pain, all anger, and all pride ; The rage of power, the blast of public breath. The lust of lucre, and the dread of deatl^.'*

After his Lordship's decease, the following character was also giren of him :

'' Boring the time he was Prime Minister, notwithstanding such a weight of affairs rested on him, he was easy and discn- g^ed in private conversation. He was endowed with great learning, and was a great favourer and protector of it. Intrepid by aature, as well as by the consciousness of his own integrity; be would have chosen rather to fall by an impeachment, than to have been saved by an act of grace j sagacious to view into the remotest consequence of things, by which all difficulties fled be- A>re him. He was a courteous neighbour, a firm and affectionate fiiend, and a kind, generous, and placable enemy, sacrificing bis just resentments, not only to public good, but to common intcr- oessioa and acknowledgment. He was a despiser of money; and, what is yet more rare, an uncomipted Minister of State ;

' U the dedicstioB of Puncll's Poexni ; thejr ate among the ftaeit of Popt'i Saet.

86 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

whicb appeared^ by not haviog made the least accession to bi» fortune.""

Hb Lordship married, firsti Elizabeth, daughter of Tboaias Foley, of Witley-court, in the county of Worcester, Esq. and sister to Thomas, the first Lord Foley, by whom he had israe, Edward, his son and heir, second Earl of Oxford, &c. and two daughters 5

Lady Abigail, second daughter," married to George, Eari of Kinnoul, i» Scotland, and Baron Hay, of Pedwarden, in Eng- land ; her Ladyship died at BroadswcNth, near Doncaster, Joljr 15th, 1750.

And Lady Elizabeth, eldest daughter," married, on Dec. 15tb, 1712, to Peregrine-Hyde Osborne, Marquis of Carmarthen, after- wards Duke of Leeds, by whom she died in childbed of the next Duke of Leeds.

His Lordship took to his second wife, Sarah, daughter toTho* mas Middleton, Esq. a son of Sir Hugh Middleton, Bart, but by her had no issue : and departing this life in the sixty-fourth year of his age, on May 21 st, 1724, was succeeded in honour and estate hj Edward, his only son, before mentioned; and his second Lady surviving him, died in June, 1737-

Which Edwabd, second Earl of Oxford, kc, married, on October 31st, 1713, the Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holies, only daughter and heir of his Grace John Holies, Duke of New- castle.

His Lordship was eminendy distinguished for his disinterest- edness, both in public and private life 5 and was respected as one of the principal patrons of the age, for his encouragement of lite* rature, and learned men. He made a most valuable addition to the rich magazine of manuscripts, collected by the Lord Trea- surer, his father, especially in the history and antiquities of £ng« land, both ecclesiastical and civil. He collected besides, an

^ He was the rival of Bolingbroke, who hai painted him in the blackest co- . lours I but Bolingbroke's authority will not gain aoejcamtned assent. It is true that he does not appear to have been endowed with brilliant, or commandta^ ta- lenu ; he trusted too much to intrigue, and management, and expedients, and was reserved and dark in his conduct* Kls memory has been embalmed by the circle of wits, whom he admitted to his hours of leisure and hospitality. Pope, Swift, Parnell, Gay, and Prior, were among hit intimate associates ; and whatever dull men may think, there is mudi worldly wisdom in such a choice. Editor^ A Ped. of Mikes of £bor .

£ARL OP OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 81

iimtaftble trcBMHre of original tetten and papers of state, writtea by tbe greatest Princes> Statemien» and Scholars^ as well of foreiga nations as of Great Britain. But I shall be the less particular 00 this head, as tbe catalogue of these literary treaaiure^ is printed m two krge foKo volumes. His printed books were the most cMoe sod magnificeot that were erer collected in this iuogdom* There were in his libraiy the first printad books of all countries, fod especially of our own. Many printed upon Tellum, and otherwise, in the grandest manner, and tnriched with the most costly sculpture. Hie printed books alone hare been reckonet^ above forty thousand volumes. As none were ever more 2ealouf to collect whatever rarities in literature would be most senrice^^ tjslit, to the learned, ingenious, and knowing part of mankind ; 90 none was more communicative thereof, as may sufficiently ap* pear, in the numbers of authors who have made such respectful lefertDces to the volumes in the Harleyan library. The valuable collection of manuscripts was preserved hy his Lady, tbe right' honourable Henrietta Cavendish Holies, Countess of Oxford, at bcr house in Dover-street j till her Ladyship, for the service of the public, consented to the Parliament's making a purchase thereof in 1754, and they are now deposited in the British Mu* seam. His Lordship was a true lover of his country, as his con- duct in the senate manifested : and departing this life,® aged forty-two, at his house in Dover-street, on Tuesday, June l6th, 1741, was buried in Westminster Abbey. He left issue an only daughter and heir. Lady Margaret-Cavendish Harley, married in 1734, to his Grace, 'William, second Duke of Portland, a lady well known for her love of the arts, and her patronage of litera- ture, who died July 7th^ 1785, leaving issue the present Duke of Portland, &c.

Leaving no male issue by his Lady (who survived him till Dec. 8th, 1755,P and lies buried with him), his honours devolved on Edward Harley, Esq, then Knight of the shire for the county of Hereford, son and heir of Edward Harley, of Eywood, in com. Hereford, Esq. before mentioned, one of the Auditors of the Im- prest, who was next brother to Robert, first earl of Oxford, and Earl Mortimer, Loid High Treasurer of England, according to the limitation of the patent.

0 lodjr Mary W. Montaj^us, ^peojung of his death, says, be refused all reme* *«. till too iatc. ^,

P "Yet ber friend, Lady Mary W. Nftnt.igyp, speaks of hef as allv4 ia a letter, ^dJune lotb, 1757-

TOL. IT. 0

9% PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

The said Edwabd Harley^ who tbas saooeeded as TBna» E%RL OF OiPORD, AWD E^KL MoRTiMBt, &c. ferved as one of the Knights in pariiament for the coontj of Ifo«fofd» £roiD tlMSi first parliament called in 1727, hj the late Kjng« inclusive, until be became intitled to a seat in the house of Peers. In 1746, hi» Lcudship was elected High-fleward of thf city of Hereford, ia the room of Henry Doke of Beaufort, deceased : and on April 12th, 1748, was, in convocation, presented, by the University of Oxford, with the degree of Doctor of the Civil Law. His Lord- ship, in March 172^> wedded Martha, eldest daughter of John Morgan, of Tredegar, in Monmouthshire, Esq. and sister to tha late Sir William Morgan, Knight of the Bath; and by her Lady- ship, who departed this life, Jan. 4th, 1774, and was buried at Brampton Bryan, in Herefordshire, bad issue five sons, L. Ed- ward the late Earl of Oxford, kc,

2. The honourable Robert Harley, who was bom on Septena- ber 10th, 1 727, and died a bachelor, at Bath, on Jan. 12th« 176OS, and was buried at Brampton Biyan.

3. The honouraUe and rev. John Harley, who was bom oa Sept. 29th, 1728, and appointed Dean of Windsor in Jan. 1778; and Bishop of Hereford, 1787. He was also Rector of Maiy-le* bone, Middlesex, and Presteign, In Radnorshire ; and died, Jan^ 7th, 1788. He married, February 23d, 177O, Road), daughter and heir of Gwynne Vaughan, of Tiebarry, com. Radnor, Esq. by whom he had two sons) Edward, bom in Harl^*street, Lon- don, Feb. 20th, 1773, now Earl of Oxford | and John, bom in Harley-strect, Dec. 3l8t, 1774 5 also two daughters, Frances and Martha.

4. The hon. Thomas Harley, Esq. the fourth son, before«>men. tioned, of Edward, third Earl of Oxford, was bom on August 24th, 1/30$ and on March 15th, 1752, married Anne, daughter of Edward Bangham, Esq. Deputy Auditor of the Impres4s, and member for Leominster, in 17 10. By this Lady, who died Jan. 1.5th, 1798, aged sixty six, he had two sons, and five daughters ; viz. Thomas, who died on Jan. 17th, 1763| 2. Edward, who died July lUh, 1/68; 3. Henrietta, who died on July 4th, 1 759 ; 4. Martha, married by special licence, at St. Mary-le-bone, Mid- dlesex, Dec. 30tb, 1779, to George Drummond, of Stanmore, in Middlesex, Esq. and died in Aug. 1788, as did Mr. Drummond, in March 1789, leaving issue. 5. Anne, bom March 13th, 1759, married, April 10th, 178I, Geoi^ second Lord Rodney, wbp died 1802, and by whom she had issue the present Lord Rodney,

EARL OF OXTORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 83

ace 6. Stanh, born Oct. 19th, 1760, married, July 178 1, Ro- bert, math Eari of Klnnoii], who died 1804, and bjr whom she kd issae the present Earl of Kinnou], &c. 7. Elizabeth, bom 10 April 1763, married, Oct. 8th, 1783, David Marraj, Esq. bro- ther to the present Lord Elibank : he died Maj 7th, 1794, leaving woe by her. 8. Blargaret, bom July 4th, 1765, married, Feb. 96di, 1784, Sir John Bojd, Bart.

At the general dection, in April tT^l, being an eminent mer- ditDt, he was chofen one of the four citizens of London, to the 1 2th parliament of Great Britain 1 and again in 1768: and on May 5lh, 1761, was elected Alderman of Portsoken-ward, in the city of London. On June 33d, he was chosen one of the Sheriffs of London and Bdiddlesex ; and having been swom in at Guildhall, oa Sept 76th, following, was sworn at the Exchequer on the Sgtb, when he entered into his (Mcc, which he discharged with ipirit and integrity. In 1/68, he served the high office of Lord Major of the said city 5 and«in 1776, was chosen Knight of the Shire for Hereford, which county he continued to represent till hk death. He was alfo one of his Majest/s most honourable Privy Coondl. He was one of the Governors of the London Lying-in Hoipital in Aldersgate-street, of which he was elected Treasurer in 1762, and President in 1764. He died Dec. 1st, 1804.

5. The hon. and rev. William Harley, who was bom on May 30d),173a, was Vicar of Uffington, in Berkshire, Rector of Ever- Icf, in l/^ltsbire> and Prebendary of Worcester, died July 8tb, '7^ and was buried at Brampton Biyan.

This Earl of Oxford had also, by the same Lady, two daugh- ters; viz. Lady Sarah, who died unmarried, on April 29th, 17^7, in the fixth year of her age, and is buried at St Mary-le-bone, oesr London ; and Lady Martha, who was bom on Nov. 28th, 1736, and married, on April 20th, 1764, to Charies Blilbome, of the IViory, near Abergavenny, in the county of Monmouth, Esq.

The Eari of Oxford died at Bath, on April 11th, 1755, having, throogh the whole course of his years, behaved with great honour ad integrity, in public as well as private life* He was succeeded hf his eldest son,

RowARo, Lord Harley, the pouhth Eaxl of Oxfokp, &c. who was bom on Sept. 2d, 1726, and on July 15th, 1747> was dccted to the 10th parliament of Great Britain, one of the Kmghts fcr the county of Hereford, for which he was also returned to the ittt pariiament, which first met on business. May 31st, 1754, ttd Mt tiU his father's death. On April 12th, 1749, he bad the

U PBESAGE OF ENGLAND.

degree of Doctor of tbe Chril Law coaferved o& bia, in coBTOoftr <ipQ of the Unirersitj of OjUbrd. Soob after the ^ccc8^iQa of tho l^rescDt Kingx he was made one of the Lords of the bed-chamber^, «Qd was also Lord Lieateoant and CustQs Rotuloram of the Coanr ^ies of Hereford and Radnor; a Fellow of the Rojal Sode^jt and •one of the Trustees of the Bpdsb Museum^ and LL.D«

His Lordship married* on July Ilth> Susannah, eldest daughter of William Archer, of Welford^ in Berkshire, Esq. who repre- sented that county in the parliament of Great Britain, with great honoor and fidelity, until he died, on June 30th, 1739, aged fifty* nine; but had no issue by her Ladyship ^ who died Nov. lOth, ^804. His Lordship dying October Sth, 1 fgo, was succeeded bj his nephew, the eldest son of his brot^ Jolm, Bishop of Here- ford, viz.

Edward, present aod fifth Earl qf Oxford, ice, who mar* rjed. Mar. 3d, 1/94, Miss Scott, daughter of the late rev. James Scott, A. M. Rector of Stokin, near Southampton, by whom he has issue ;

1. A daughter, bom Mar. gth, 1796.

2. Lord Harley, his son and heir, bom Jan. lOtb, 1800. S. A daughter, bom Dec. 12th^ 1801.

rulas,'] Edwacd Harley, Earl of Oxford, and Earl Mortimer, and Baron Harley, of Wigmere.

Creations.'] Baron Harley, of Wigmore, in com. Hereford^ Earl Mortimer (the name of a fiimily), and Earl of the city of Oxford, May 24th, 171 1, 10 Queen Anne*

jirms,'] Or, a Bend cotised Sable.

Crest.'] On a Wreath, a Castle, Aigent, Triple-toweied, with a Demi-lion rampant. Gules, issuing out of the battlements of the middle tower.

Supporters.] Two AngcU, proper, habited in long Robei^ their Hair and Wings, Or.

Motto.] ViRTUTS «T FiDB.

ChiffSeat*] Bywood Houfc^ in tbe county of Hereford.

SHIBLET EARL F£RRERS. §5

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS.

^Hi tnilj ancieBt and honourable family (A. Shirley^ has haA the good iartane Co hare been illustrated by a history of them, cooD^led by an eminent member of their own house. Sir Thomas SUriey^ Knti of Botolph's Bridge, in Hontingdonshire, younger lOQ of Sir Geoi^e Shirley, the first Baronet, composed three dis- tbct MSS. hbtories of the Shirlbys, all of which are preserved it the Britiah Museom.''

^Mjiadefstigiblt fneod; Mc Nichols, in hisHittory of Leicestershire .VoLIII. ^ 704f ct scq. hM fttmitbed me with the copioas materials, which will render it asceisaty afanoet to le-compUe this article. From thence the tides of the aboTe MSS. tre here cited.

'' Shirleoram, Warwicensis et Darbiensis famlliae quam antiquissimae, genulna ^ronpia^ a quodam Sewallo, viro perilluitri, prosperu ac felici succcssu> intrr- nipta etiamnum serie condnoata; ac longe aliter qoam hactenas unqiiam deli- ante t Unde Heoricus Shirley de Eitiogton, Shirley, Staonton-Harold, &c. in WwiciyDarUsy et Leicestriae dicieoibvSy indytos Baronettns suorumque Majo* lUD Genealogiis honofadssimas/perenni mascobrum successione recte derivatur \ KcooB et Thomas Shirley de Botulphbridge« in Comitatu Hontingdoniae Milesy PbihrchismOs ; qoi piotrga majores affectu ductus, eorum propagationes> cum itvt conjaglorum copvljSy armisque gent'iHtiis ex publicis regni archivis, et pjrU ^s ejusdem famlliae evidentiis, ecclesiis, roonumcntis historicis, monaste- 'i^iQm registris, et rotuUs armorum vetustissimls, alilsque rebus reverends anti- fntadsy et indobitatae Yeritatis, maximo labore ac fide oculata deprompsit, atquc ad ptTpetQam rei memoriamf seriadm hoc ordine describi curavit. Qui bus ad latera itnnorum magnatom visorumque clarlssimoram adjunguncur stemmata; quo* 'am accesstoae plurimorum huic famtlix honoris tarn in armorum dclaiionibua^ S?*^etlam ex census et praeilorum incremento, faeminarum bxredum jure ob-

'oistccstenditur." Harl. MS.S. 40Z8. ^ second History is entitled, « Gcnealogica Hlstoria Domus de Shirley, Do*

■worim dc EtingdWJ* Shirley, Hoga, Ednesonor, Staunton-Harald, Ragdal,

S6 P£ERAG£ OF ENGLAND.

'' This renowned femily of Shirley (says Sir Thomas), bath produced so long a succession of noble personages, who have so admirably conjoined the practice of most excellent virtues and nobleness of blood with so great perfection, that their heroic ac- tions, by the complete union of these two rare qualities, have far surmounted the lustre of their birth j for by their piety and me- rits, they have acquired all the prerogatives of honour and glory, which may raise a house to height of splendour, and engrave the memory of its name within the eternity of ages. But for the principles, there are seven most remarkable ; so eminent, so nire» and singular, that they are to be found in few other families* One is, the nobleness and antiquity of blood, which hath passed for seven entire ages, being assured, by most renowned recorders, worthy to be believed, that the first ancestors of this house have had the reputation and honour of a most ancient Saxon line, floa- rishing in opulence and dignity long before the Norman conquest^ and since the happy times of the glorious King, and most beloved servant of the King of Kings, blessed St. Edward the Confessor^ it justifies itself to have continued prosperously, from male to male, unto this present, by a continual uninterrupted succestioa of many renowned persons, whose actions have been most famoua, and truly worthy of a history. The second mark of oroament, which shines most resplendently in the house, is, that they have contracted all their marriages with the ancient and most illos- trious houses in England. In the third place, the renown of tbta family hath been marvellously increased, by the prowess, memo- rable acts, and high attempts of ^he descendants, who have always appeared in the first ranks in all places where fortitude and glo- rious military virtue might make itsdf admired. The fourth advantage of glory, which so highly raiseth the fame of this house, is the great devotion and singular fidelity it hath always

Brayksford, Astwel, et plurimorum atiorum locorpm chaitis pubHcit diTersaruQ ecclesianitn, antbenticis aliis^ue solidls cerdsque probationibot confirmaU, variii iconibus, et discursibus antiquiutem redolenubat ornau. Per Thomastos Calo-« leimoQ Pbilopatron.*' Harl. MSS. 4023.

The third History is, " The Gcnealo^kkc Historic of the Hoose of Shirlcys, Lords of Etingdon, Shirley, Hoga, Ednesouer, Staunton-Harald, Ragdak, Bray, leaforde, Astwell, and divert other peaces. Justified by Charters of divers Churches, publike Recerdea of the Kingdome, private Evidences, and other good and cerUtn Proofs. Enriched with divers Figures, and Discourses of Anti- quity. By Thomaston C^loleifpon, Philopatron." Harl. MSS. 49*8. This 11 principally a translation of the last article, though ^onsiderabk variations and ad* ditiofls are to be found in cacht

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 9f

boroe X6 their soirereigo Princes. The fiAh prerogative is mont coaunendabley in their bright and renowned alliances; haying the hoDonr to be joined in a near degree of propinqaitjr of blood with the ro3ral stem of England, both Saxon and Nomoan ; as likewise to those of France, Scotland, Denmark, Arragon, I^eon, Castile, the Sacred Roman Empire, and almost to all the princelf Ho<ases of Christendom 5 and within their own kingdom, to the most honourable and princely Houses of the Barons of Berkeley, Dokes of Norfolk and Buckingham, Earls of Arundel, Ox- ford, Northumberland, Shrewsbury, Kent, Derby, Worcester, Hontingdon, Pembroke, Nottingham, Suffolk, Berkshire, and to roost of the ancient, famous, and flourishing families of the nobiHtyand gentry of the monarch)r5 insomuch thai they that remain of this House at this present time, have the honour to have issued from the blood of many Emperors, Kings, Princes, Bakes, and most renowned Earls. In the sixth place, the great lands and seigniories, which they, from all antiquity, have held, bath given no small addition of honour to the house -, for they have possessed the manors of Etingdon, Newton Regis, Shirley- Street, Thorinton in Warwickshire j Shirley, Branzinton, Hoone, Cftndiai], Hatnn, Evelcy, Bradley, Sturston, Beardshall, Wron- cele, Etwall, Yolgrave, Hopwell, Ylchesley, Ednesover, Irton, Hope, Braylesford, in Derbyshire ; Sutton Buonington, in Not* tioghamshire $ Ragdale, Willowes, Radcliffe super Wreke, Bar- row super Soram, Staunton-Harold, Dunton, Long Wotton, Bur- ton Overey, in Leicestershire $ Hanbrooke, in Gloucestershire; Great Chellworth, in Wiltshire 5 and divers other ample and fair manors, which have gone out of the House, either by younger SODS, their daughters, and heirs } or by alienations. Lastly, holy piety is one of the particular eminences, which rendered the family of Shirley most remarkable among others, they having so reli- giously maintained this virtue, that all of them, for the most part, have exercised an ardent and unextinguisbable charity towards the advancement of the service of Grod ; and a singular liberality towards the Church, shewing the zeal of their devotion, by the , enrichment of a great number of Abbeys, Priories, Convents, Collegiate Churches, Chantries, and other places of devotion, which they had founded, built, re-edified, or endowed, with their means and revenue, in divers places in this realm.

They derive their descent from Sasuallo or Sbwallus de Btingdon, whose name (says Dugdale, in' his Antiquities of Wkr- wickshirej, argues him to be of the old English stock ^ which Se-

M PfiEfi^OE OF ENOLANa

wallis resided at Netiier-Etijfigdoo, in com. Warwick^ about Uie reign of king 3£dward the Confessor : which place bad been the seat of his ancestors^ as there is reason to believe^ for many gener rations before. After the Conquest^ the lordship of Etingdon W45 given to Henry Earl of Ferrars, in Normandy, who was one of the principal adventurers with the Norman Duke William, ami was held under him by this Sewallus ^ to whose posterity^ in the male line, it has continued to the present reign, the late ^ boa. George Shirley, who died J 787, having been owner thereof; which circumstance is mentioned by Dugd^e, who says, in hi« Warwickshire, that Etingdon is the only place in the couQty^ which could glory in an uninterrupted succession of its owners for so long a tract of time ; and it is now more than a centurjr ^nce Dugdale wrote. This Sewallus de Etingdon fotMided and endowed the church of Nether-Etingdon. That he was an emi^ nenc man, is obvious from his large possessions iii the counties of Warwick, Lincoln, Northampton, and Derby, in the time of the Conqueror i few being allowed at that change to enjoy more ihao ^ part of their estates, and even obliged to hold that by militar/ and other services, from their new lords. Therefore if we noaj guess of his authority by the extent of his estate, which amounte4 to seventeen hides of land in this place only, he must have beez^ no less than a Thane ^ in the time of the Saxons -, which was the same degree of honour among them, as a Baron, or Peer of Eng- land after the Norman Conquest ; for as the learned Selden abr serves, not little more than five hides of land was an estate for some who were so dignified. He died about 1065. It appears by Kenilworth Register, that he built and endowed the church of Etingdon.

FuLCHEK, his only child, succeeded him; and died about 1105, leaving issue, 1. Sewallus. 2. Henry, from whom the Shirleys of Ireton, Cp. Derby, who took the name of Ireton^ 3. Fulcher, twice married, ^ut died S. P. 4, Nicholas. 5. Rch- bert. .

Sewallus died about 1129$ leaving by his first wife, Matilda, daughter of Ridel, of Halaughton, Co, Derb, 1. Heniy. 2. Ful*

*> The hoo. George Sbirley, younger son of ike first earl Ferrers, by his secontl wife Anne Finch, born J70S» and a Captain in the First Regiment of Foot Cuards, died October 22d, 1787, aged cight)--two ^ and has a sumptuous mona- meat at Etingdon.

c Nichols supposes him to ha?e been Ttunus MediocrU \ a lord of the Maaor, or leaser Btron.

SHIRLEY BASL FBBRBRl BQ

cbcr/ wba bdd four Koigbts fees ; but died S. P. 3. Hagbt ^ priest. 4. Ralpb. 5. Richard. Having translated his seat iroiQ £t2Dgdoo to Shirley, in Derbyshire^ be was the first of that fanailj tbat called himself de Shibley.

HemrYj eldest son> held five Knights fees in Derbyshire^ of Robert de Ferrers^ Earl of Derby, and died about il65. He gave tbe lordship of Ivanbrook to the Monks of fiildewas ; and wsB a witness to the foundation Charter of Merevalle Abbey. He left issue by Joanna^ daughter and heir of John de Clinton/ ofEflcx, '

ScwALLis^ bis son and beir^ who, an II67, acknowledged himself to hold of William de Ferrers^ Earl of Derby, those nine Koigbts fees which Henry, his father, ^id his unde, some time held of Earl Robert^ grandfather to the said Earl. ^ He married Isabel, daughter and coheir of Robert Meynell^ of Langley Mey- neli, Co. Derb. by whom he had a daughter, Elizabeth, wife of John de Walton, son of Sipaon Bishop of Norwich : and a soU^ and heir.

Sir James de Shirley, who was a Knight, and had freeware ren granted to him in all his demesnes at Shirley in 1247, and at Elingdon in 1255. He married Agnes de Walton, daughter of Simon de Walton^ Bishop of Norwich, and had issue by her Sir Ralph, hts auccessor.s He died about 1278.

Whicb Sir Ralph de Shirley, in 7 Edw. 1. held ihe manor of EatendoQ^ afofcsaid, in com. Warwick, of ^mund Earl of Lan- caster, tbe King*s brother, by tbe service of two Knights fees. In 9 Edw. 1. be was of full age. In 28 Edw. I he had the custody oi tbe counties of Salop and Stafford, with the castle of Shrews** hary, committed to his charge ; and was Sherifi* of tbe counties of Derby and Nottingham, in tbe 27tb, 28th, and 30th of Edw. L Id 130 J, be was summoned to attend tbe King at Berwick upon Tweed, on Midsummer-day, well-appointed with borse and arms, to march against tbe Scots. In 3 Edward II. be was constituted

<l Of Edneioor, co. Derb. ' ETcr since the marriage with die heiress of Clinton, the family bare taken her arms) vi*. Pa/j ofsixy Or,a/td Arg. a quarter of Bretaigny j the family of Cfiaton^ being allied to the Dukes of Bretaigny.

f See Lib. Nig. Scacc. under Derbyshire, t Nichob giYes also three younger sons ; James, Simooj and Henry^ a priest, parson of Sr. George, co. Norf.

^ He held also the manor of Bambausy co. Suff. near Thetford> by gift of hil grandfatbefi Bishop Simon Walton*

^ PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

one of the Justices in the county of Warwick for the gad^deH- rery $ and 5 Edw II. served in two parliaments, held that year, as a representative for that county. In 6 Edward II. he was dis* charged from the office of Coroner, on account of his ill state of health; but in ,8 Edw. II. he was Governor of Horiston-castle, in com. Derb. and in l6 Edw. II. a Commissioner for levying a fifteenth in com. Warw. The next year he was in the list of those Knights and men at arms, whose names were then certified in the Chancery.

He married * Margaret, daughter, and one of the coheirs of Walter de Waldeshief, of Fairfield, co. Derby, cupbearer to Ed- ward II. and dying in 1327, ao Edward II. left issue

Thohas,'' his son and heir, said to be " the great fiiunder of the faimly of the Shirleys, famous in his time for his valour, and fer the many services, &c. rendered to the Kings of England against the French.** A Commissioner for assessing and collecting a fifteenth and tenth, granted in 11 Edw. HI. and in the 12tb» appointed to collcfct the scutage due to the king for the Scotch expedition. In 14 Edw. III. he served as one of the Knights in parliament for the county of Warwick. This Sir Thomas Shirley died>in36Edw. II. 130*2.

He married Isabel, daughter of Ralph, son and heir of Ralph Lord Basset, of Drayion, and sister and sole hdr to her brother Ralph, the last Lord Basset of that line, who died 13 Richard II. without issuer having by deed, dated Jan. 26th, 13 Richard IL named Sir Hugh Shirley, son of this Sir Thomas, by his sister Isabel, to be his nephew and right heir: thereby leaving him lieir to his whole inheritance, on condition that he assumed his sur* luame of Basset, and his arms, leaving his own } but should he refuse to comply with that condition, then the whole estate to go to the earl of Stafford, on the same terms, who was descended from Margaret Basset, great aunt to the said Lord Basset ; and should that Earl refuse to comply with the abovc/Condition, then the estates to go to the other rtlations mentioned in the will ; but expressly on condition that they assumed the Dame and arms of

< Dufdale^s Antiq. of W«rwicksh. p. 466.

It Nicholt mentions tin elder lirother, Ralph de Shirley, hy a former wife, who died S. P.

' He was noted a1»o for the liberal donatiou of lands and rents by himself and his wife, to the College of St. Mary, at the Newark, in Leicester, &c.

» He and his Lady were interred in the Chapel of the Duke of Lancafter*t Col- kfc, caOf d Nnoark, Szt Nichols, 1. 599. HI. 708.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. gl

Basset'' Bat neither Sir Hagh Shirley, nor the Earl of Stafford, complied with the conditions of the will, but contended for the estate; which dispute was not finally settled till the reign of Henry VI. when the estates of the Barons Basset of Drayton, were divided between them. Colston Basset, in com. Nott. &c.

" This marriage with the heiress of Lord Basset, of DraytOD» deserres some icmirkt. The L4dy*8 legitunacy has latterly been doubted, in defiance of what noBs deciaiTe proof, for reasons which appear extremely we4k, or rather no rea- sans at all. There is at kaat e^ual want of skill and good sense» and ccrtaijily a nacb baser motiire» in ill-placed scepticism with rc^rd to points of pedigree, at ia too mvch credulity. It is to be lamented, that the world too often confounds the effects «f a carping, snarling temper with knowledge^, as they do with wit* K man, wlmo has characterized himself by this quality in his professional practice ia this line* more than twenty years ago informed me of this objection in the Shirley pedig;ree % and complained^ that the noble Marqais, who Ss heir to tht Mood and bacany of Basset through this descent, had taken olFence at his luf • gettioa. Sorely his Lordship had good reason to be offended at objections, which appear to have nothing but their ill-nature and empty conceit to countenance them. The only colour for the aspersion, which I bare met with, is an inquisi- doo mentioned by Dugdale, in which T^homas Earl of Stafford was found to be coesm and mext ittr of Ralph last Lord Basset, of Drayton ^ tIz. grandson of Maigaret, sister to Ralph Lord Basset, his grandfather. But t^trj profmind and properly quali£ed Genealogist knows, that Inquisitions will perpetually mislead if soperficially examined ; and in the present instance^ the very nest column of Dngdale would have suggested a srlution of the difficulty. The heirs fiequently pointed out by inqaisitions (which are taken for the purpose of shewing who are entitled to the estates of the deceased), are kfirs of mtaily and not heirs of blood, And this was obvioosly the case in the Baflct inquisition. Ralph Loitl Basset, the gnodfather, io •conjusction with Ralphs hta grandwui and htir appareot» in the icign of Edward III. settled by fine, scTeral of his manors to himself for life« remainder to Ralph, the grandson, and the heirs of hit body ; remainder to the htin male of the body of Ralph, the grandfather ; and for want of iuch issue, to • Ralph de Stafford for life, with divers other remainders of the line of Stafi^ord, ftc. This entail will at once account for the inquisition ; which finds Thomas Earl of Stafford, and not Sir Hugh Shirley (or rather hie mother» Isabel, if she was living), to be hie heir. Lord Basket, by bis will, dated in 1389 (of which a copy is to be found in Harl. MSS. 4928, p. 218), enuiled the lordshipe of Rake, dak, WiUowes, RadcUtfe upon Wreke, Dunton, and Whatton, co. Leicester } RatcUff* upon Sear, Thrumpton, and Colston Bisset, co. Notts ; and East-ball, and West-hall Im Shddon, co. Warw. and Wore, on Sir Hugh Shirley, and the heirs male of his body, on condition he should bear the name and arms of Basset, kc, as already mentioned. Ralph, lut Lord Basset, who died 1390, married Joan, sister to John Duke of Bretainy ; his father, Ralph, who died vita patris 1323, married Alice, daughter of Nicholas Lord Audi* y} and his grandfather, Ralph, «ho died 134 J, married Joan, daughter of Thomis Beaucbamp, Earlef Warwick.

92 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

being allbtted to Shirk j ; and Drayton Basset, com. Staff. &c. Co Stafford. His widow remarried Sir Gerard Braybroke, Knt.

But to return : Hugh Shirley, son and heir of Sir Thomas, by Isabel Basset, succeeded his father) and was, as before mentioned, bj the will of the late Lord Basset his uncle, acknowledged by him to be his nephew and right heir ) in ^ Rich IL he confirmed the manors of Shirley and Hoone> in com. Derby, and that of Etingdon, in com. Warwick, to bis motiier Isabel, then the wife of Sir Gerard Braybrokei Knt. these manors having 1>een assigned to be for her dower by Sir Thomas Shirley, his father. This Sif Hugh was made Chief Warden of Higham Ferrers Park, by John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster j and in 22 Rich. II. constituted Constable of Donning ton-Castle, by Henry of Bolingbroke, Duke of Lancaster* afterward King Henry IV. On March 27th, 1400, being then a Knight, he was made Grand Falconer to King Henry IV. for the Kingdom of Ireland. He was killed at the battle of Shrewsbury,'* on the part of King Henry IV. being one of those who was habited as the King, and taken for him by the opposite party. By Beatrix his wife, sister and heir to John de Braose, or de Breus, of West-Neston (now called Wiston), in SusscK, heir male of the ancient family of that name. Barons of Brember, in Sussex, and of Brecknock, Abergavenny, and Gowcr, in Wales, he had issue three daughters; Isabel, wife of Sir John Cokayne, of Ashbourne ) Elizabeth; andNichola; also

Ralph, his son and heir, then twelve years of age ; who, in S Heniy V. was retained to serve that King in person in his army in Guyen, with six men at arms, and eighteen archers ; and the next year, with eight men at arms, and sixteen archers, and was about that time knighted ; for in 8 Henry V. being then Sherilf of the counties of Nottingham and Derby, he was then styled a Knight. He was one of the chief Commanders under King Heni^ V. at the battle of Agiocourt, as appears by an ancirnt lloll in the oflSce of Arms ; and was often a great actor in the subsequent Wars of the said King Henry V. in France; as is evi- dently' proved by diverse instruments of accord made between the said King and Sir Ralph Shirley; in one of which, dated 1416, after agreement had for the number and pay of his soldiers, &c. the King granted to him all the prisoners that he or his sol- diers should take, only reserving to himself, the French King, hit

• *' The Spirits of valiant Shirley, Stafford, Bloont, art im my lums." F/me ff ffala's Speech m Shdknprfr/i EtHry IT,

«HI&LBY EAKL FEERCI^ ^

advemrx; tbe DaqpUo^ his son; and all other Kings^ hit adfer* arj*s assistants^ giving to bim ouly the third part of the ransooi of the captive Klngs^ by him or his soldiers taken. To this Sir Ralph, the feoffees of Ralph Lord Basset, released all their right to the estates he claimed as heir to that Barony. In 1432, he rtndcd at RadcliBTe upon Soar; and died at his government sod charge in France, about 1443. His body was brought to England^ and buried in the Collegiate Church of tlie Newark, at Ldcester. His second wife was Alice, daughter of Sir John Co- kayoe^ Kot. who died 1465, without issue.

By his first wife, Joan, daughter and heir of Thomas Basset, of Brailsford> co. Derb. he had a daughter, Beatrix, wife of John Bromc, of Badesley Clinton, co. Warw, and

Balph^ who was Constable of Melb«urn Castle, and of the castle in the Peak of Derbyshire : and died in 1466, '' seised oi, xnany goodlj manors, fair possessions, and large territories in the icreral counties of Leicester, Derby, Warwick, and Nottingham." He was buried in the church of BraiJesford, where his tomb still, remains.

His first wife was Margaret, daoghter and sole heir of John de- Staanton, of Staunton Harald, in Leicestershire (whereby be ob- tained that estate, still the chief seat of the ^eunily), by Joan, daughter and coheir of Sir Ralph Meyndl, of Langley Meynell (with which family a former match of Shirley has been already mentioned). By this marriage he had issue John, his son and heir, hereafter mentioned*

His second wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Blount, Knl. and sister to Walter Blount, Lord Montjoy> by wliom he bad Ralph Shirley, Esquire of the Body to King Henry VII. an- cestor to the Shirleys of Wiston, of Sussex j of whom an Jiccount ViU be given in an accompanying note, Uiis branch having been of considerable eminence.i'

His third wife was Lucia, daughter of Sir John Aston, of <

f Ralph Shirley, by his second wife, Elliabeth Blount, sister to Walter Lord Moao^oy, had issue Sir Ralph Shirley,- of Wiston, who, by Jane, daughter ot Thomas BelliDghain, of Lyxnster, in Sussex, Esq. had four daughters ; Jane> mfe of John DaHrtrey, of Petworth, in Sussex } Elixabeth, vn(t of John Lee, of Fitleworth, co. Sussex ; Beatrix^ wife of Edward Eldrington, of Hoggescon, and . afterwards of Sir Edward Bray, of Vachery, Surrey, died Z5S2 i and Isabel, wife of John Dawtrcy, of Hampton; also, i. Sir Richard, a. Thomas Shirley, of West Grinsted, who died 1(06; ieuTing by Elizabeth, daughter anfi coheir of llannadolce Gorges, of Gbucestersbire, Ceciliei daughter and coheir^ «t.i9f 160IS, wiiieof Sir George SufsUing, of Postlade, Sussex.

94 PEERAGE Of ENGLAND.

Atlierton> Knt, widow^ £nt, of Sir John Byron^ of Clayton and Colwich } and* secondl j» of Sh* Barton Entwissd, Knt ViscoanC of Brykbeke, in Normandy. She died in Feb. 1481 ; and lies buried at Brayletfbrd.

John^ son and heir, married Eleanor, daughter of Sir Hugh Willougbby of WoUaton, co. Notts, and dying 1485, left issue,

Ralph, twenty-six years old, who, for his valour in the battle of Stoke, in com. Nott. June l6th, 1487^ was made a Banneret } to which battle i he brought forces to the King's aid, when the Earl of Lincoln was slain. In 7 Henry VIL he was retained to serve the King in his wars beyond sea for one year^ and died on Jan. 6th, 15 16-7 > at his manor house of Stauoton-Harold^ and was interred in (reronden Abbey. By his last will and testament,"* which bears date four days before his death, writing himself Sir Rauf Shirley, of Staunton-Harold/ in com* Leic. Knt. he orders his body to be buried at the discretion of his executors. He be- queaths to Jane his wife, his manors of Shirley and Brailesford^ with the lands, rents, and services, as also other lands, in full of her jointure and dower, for term of her life | and his manor of Bamham, to die monastery of Geronden, for the term of fifty years.

Sir Ralph, the eldest son hy bis second wife, daughter of Sir Richard Gullde* fbrdc, had four daughters { but by his first wife, AnAe^ daughter of John Shel- ley, of MIobelgrove, he had Elisabeth, wile of John Micheli, of Staunton j Anne» wife of Richard Fernwold ; Cecely, married to John Lsedei j Alicei married to Thomas Chandler, of Lyndfield. John ; Edward f and

William Shiriy, of Wiston, son and heir, who died May 19th, 1551 } learing

by Klary, daughter of Thcous Isley, Esq. of Sundridge, Kent, Anthony Shirley,

a younger son, of Preston, in Sussex $ whose great grandson. Sir Anthony, wa«

.created a Baronet, 1665 (and left a granddaughter, Anne, married to Robot

Western, of London, merchant), and

Sir Thomas Shirley, of Wision, son and heir. Treasurer for the Wars in the Iaw Countries, from which be was remored 1597. [Sei BlrcVtEHxabeth^ J, 455, and Syimy Papers, IL^S, 31,33.) By Anne, daughter of Sir Thooias Kempe, he left issue ssTctal daughters, and three sons |

J. Sir Thomas.

2. Sir Anthony, born 1563 5 a great traveller, died in Spain about 1636. See FuUer's Worthies, Sussei, X07. Hakluyt, Purchas, Sec.

3. Sir Robert, equaJy famous with his brother. See a wbole-Iength print of him in Harding's Cabinet, Sec. &c. He married Teresls, a relation of the great Sophy.

Sir Thomas married Pnmces, sister of Sir Thomas Vavasor, Knt. and left issue

Sir Thomas Shirley, M. D. who suflfered much for his loyalty, and had the

(State at Wiscon torn from him by Sir John Fagg, Bart. See Tifogr, IV. 335,

^ Polyd. Virgil, p. 573, Ho. «o. r Ek Regist AyloT. q. i.

SHIRLEY EARL PERRERS. 9s

It alio appears bjrUB will, that be ha4 fi?e brotfaeri; aodthat be waa potsesaed of the maoon of Suunlon-Haidd^ Rakedale^ »d Willowes, Barton, Long-Wbattoo, Ratdjff; Dantoo, Ester* Icyke, Satton-BonyngtoD, and Newtoo-Regia; be bequeaths all hb boasehold fumkiue, plate, &c. to bis wife and bis son Francis, to be divided equally between tbeao} and ordains executors, bis cousin, Skr Ricbard SadcTil (to wbom be bequeatbs a cross of gold, banging at bis cbain) : bis brotber, Robert Hasylryg (hus- taaod to Elizabetb, bis sister) 5 Sir James Sraitb, bis priest ; and Thomas Herbert.

He married four wives,* but bad no issue by his first aod third; and by bis second wife, Elizabeth, daughter and coheir to Thomas Walsh, of Wanllp, in Leicestershire, had only a daughter, Anne, heir to her mother, married to Sir Thomas Pultney, of Mistertoo, in com. Leic. Knt ancestor to the late Earl of Bath. By bis last wife, Jane, daughter to Sir Robert Sheffield, Kot. ancestor to the late Duke of Buckingham, he bad Francis, his son and heir, be- fore mentioned.

Which Francis was ^ Sheriff of the counties of Warwick and Leicester, in 4 Philip and Mary; and having lived" to an ad- vanced age, famous for bis charity and hospitality, died on July 27tb, 1571, and was buried in the church of Breedon on the Hill, in Leicestershire, where a monument was erected to the memory of him, and Dorothy his wife, who survived bim but a short time; as appears by her last will and testament,^ bearing date August 9tb, 15/1, and the probate thereof May i6tb following. She was daughter of Sir John Gifibrd, of Chillington, in Staffcnxl- shire, Knt. and married to her first husband^ John Congreve, Esq. but had issue by the said Francis Shirley, three sons ; John Shirley, Esq. hereafter mentioned; Edward, who died young; and Ralph : ah^o three daughters ; Cassandra, married to Walter IV>wtrell, of West-Hallum, in com. Derb. Esq. ; Elizabeth, to Thomas Cotton, of Conington, in Huntingdonshire, Esq. father by her to the famous Sir Robert Cotton, Knt. and Bart, the great collector of the records now reposited in the British Museum; and Anne, to John Brook, of Madeley, in Shropshire, esq.

John Shirley, eldest son and heir apparent, died A. D. 1^70, in

» His atcond wife was Aooe, lUaghter of Sir Henry Vernon, of Had4on, whon ke married 1496 $ and bis third, Anne, daughter of Thomas Warner, Esq. t Fallcr^a Worthies. u Ex inscript. tumul.

s Ex Regisc. Paper, qu. 16. Collect. T. Meller, Gent.

,6 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the lifetime of hb father; and was buried kt the church of Bree« don beforementioned^ where a mcmiuDent is ereded to hts me- moryj redting, that he married Jane, sole -datighter and h^ of Thomas Lovett, of Astwell, com. Northampton. Esq. add that hf her he had five sons, tmd three danghters. 1. Geoige. 2. Ralphs intended for the choicbi but died without taking orders. 3. John, died of a wound received in France, in the setvice of the King of Spain. 4. Thomas Shirlc^, of Gray's Inn, died S. P. Dorothj^ wife of James Dyer, Esq.; Elizabeth, a nun at Lovain; and Anne died unmarried.

Gborgb Shirley, Esq. (eldest son and heir of the said John) succeeded his grandfather in his estate, and was created a Banv net y on May 22d, l6l 1, on the first erection of that dignity, being the fourth in order of precedency. He married Frances, daughter to Henry Lord Berkeley, ancestor to the present Earl of fierkdey, by Kathcrine, daughter of the faBious Henry Howard, Eari of Surrey, son and heirof Thomas Duke of Norfolk, temp.Hcn.VlII. a lady,' who to her noble descent, added many extraordinary vir- tues ; and dying in the thirty-first year of her age, on Dec. 29th, 1595, was buried in the church of Breedon, where a monument is erected by her husband; who married, secondly, Dorothy, daughter of Thomas Wroughton, of Wilcot, in com. Wilts, Esq. and relict of Sir Henry Upton, of Farringdon, in com. Berks, Knt. but by her had no issue.

He had by his first wife four sons, and one daughter, Mary, who died unmarried. The two eldest sons, John and George, died young :

Henry succeeded his father ;

And Thomas, the youngest son,* who was seated at Botolph's- bridgc, com. Huntingdon, and received the honour of Knight* hood at Whitehall, on May 22d, 1622 ; is characterized by Sir William Dugdafe,^ tb have been '' a great lover of learning, and especially affected to antiquities; in the study whereof he at- tained to much knowledge, and thereby gave no small lustre to his ancient and worthy family."*^ He married **Mary, daughter to Thomas Harpur, of Chepnor, in Oxfordshire, Esq.

Sir George Shirley, Bart, departed this life at « Stanton Ha-

y Pat. 9. Jar. I. z Ex inscript tumul.

« Philpot's Cat. of Knightf. b In Antiq. of Wanir. p. 477.

c S:e the brglnning of this article. i Ex Collect. T. Mrller.

e Ex Collect. T. MeUcr.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. QJ

ToMt OD April 27th, 1622^ and was buried at Breedoo. To him succeeded his eldest surviving son and heir>

Sir Hbmrt Shirley, Bart, (who was Sheriff of Leicester, the lastjear of James L): he marri^^in \Qi5, Lady Dorothy, young- est of the two daughters of that great but unfortunate favourite to queen Elisabeth, Robert Earl <xf' Essex, and sister and coheir to ber brother, Robert Earl of Essex, the famous General to the Parliament. It is by this alliance, that the Earls Ferrers quarter the anDs of France and England with their own ) the Earl of fi^ex being maternally descended from Richard Plantagenet^ Earl of Cambridge, grandson to King Edward III. and grandfather to king Edward IV. and also from Thomas Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester, youngest son of Edward III. Sir Henry Shirley by the said Dorothy (who, in 1634, took for a second husband, William Stafford, of Blatherwick, com. Northampton, Esq.) had two sons, Charles and Robert: also one daughter, Lettice, mar- ried to William Bourke, Earl of Clanrickard, in Iceland. By the inquisition, taken at Leicester, April 18th, \6Z3/ it appears, that he died on Feb. 8th, l632, seised of the manors of Astwell, Fal- cot. Billing-manor, alias Gifford's-manor; Brookes manor, aliasi MaiDsey-manor; also of the manors of Stanton- Harold, Syleby^ and Ragdale, with the impropriation, the manor of Willows and lectory, all in Leicestershire; the manors of Etenton, Oxbill, Folridie, and Whatcoate, in Warwickshire j the manors of Sut* too-Bonnynton, in Nottinghamshire j and the manors of Shirley, aod Bray-Jefford, in Derbyshire : all which devolved on his son and heir. Sir Charles Shirley, Bart, aged nine years, 00 Sept. ^thj^ 1632

Which Sir Charles 8 dying unmarried, about the year 1646^, was succeeded in title and estate by

Sir RoBEBT Shirley, Bart, his brother and heir. Which Sir Robert, for his loyalty to Charles I* was imprisoned ** in the Tower of London by Oliver Cromwell, where he died » during bis confinement, not without suspidoq of poison, leaving issue,

f Cole's Esc. lib. 3. o. 61. a. 14. p. Ii3> lo Bibl. Harley.

I Sir Cbarlf« had an early attachment to literature. Bancroft dedicates to khn his Ttpo B<»h of Epigram^ 1639. *^« ^''^ * considerable sufferer by the ciffl wars.

^ See in Nichols a fac simile of a letter from Charles II. to his widow ; and s povtnit of Sir Robert.

' " Whose sinsolar praise it was to hive done the best things ia the wont tiacs; tnd hoped them in the most calamitous^

VOL IV. H

98 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

by Catharine his wife (whom he married about 1647), danghtcr to Humphrey -Okcover, of Okeover, in the county of Stafford, £aq. two sons, Seymour, his successor, and Robert, afterwards Earl Ferrers.

Also two daughters : Catharine, married to Peter Venables, of the county of Chester, Esq. commonly called Baron of Kinder- ton ; and Dorothy, to George Vernon, of Sudbury, in Derbyshire, Esq.

Sir Sbtmour Shirley, Bart, manying Diana, daughter of Ro- bert Bruce, Earl of Aylesbury (who remarried John Lord Roos), left issue an only son, who surviving his father but a short time, the title of Baronet devolved on Robert, his uncle (youngest son to Sir Robert Shirley, before mentioned), afterwards created Earl Ferrers.

Which Sir Robert Shirley, Knt* first Earl Ferrers, was born at East-Sheen, in Surrey, during his father's aforesaid con- finement in the Tower > and on Dec. 14th, 1677, his majesty King Charles II. taking into consideration,, that this Sir Robert Shirley, Bart, was grandson and heir unto Lady Dorothy Dever reux, the younger of the two sisters and heirs of Robert Devereux, the last Earl of Essex of that family, and that the issue male of the elder sister and coheir, the Lady Frances (who married Wil- liam Seymour, Marquis of Hertford), was then clean extinct, wag pleased to confirm unto him and his heirs, the ancient Baronies of Ferrers of Chartlcy, Bourchier, and Lovainej which honour had been in abeyance between the ladies, Frances and Dorothy Devereux, and their descendants, froni the decease of their bro- ther, the Earl of Essex, without issue. Sir Robert Shirley being 80 declared Lord Fbrrars of Cuartlet, &c. accordingly was introduced into th^ house of Peers, Jan. 28th, 1677-8, and took his place according to the ancient Avrit of summons (to John de Fer- rars his lipeal ancestor), Feb. 6th, 27th Edw. L He was Master of the Horse, and Steward of the household to Queen Catharine, consort of King Charles II. and was sworn of the Privy-council to King William, on May 2^th, i6qq. In the reign of Queen Anne, he was again sworn of the Privy-council, on Nov. 25 th^ 17O8, according to the adt for the Union of the two kingdoms j and on Sept. 3d, )7n> was advanced to the titles of Fiscouni Tamivorth, and Earl Ferrers, by reason of his descent from the ancient and noble family of Ferrers. His Lordship departed this life on Dec. 25th, 17 17, having had issue by his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter and heir to Laurence Washington, of Ca»

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 99

reideD^ in Wiltshire^ Esq. ten sons and seven daughters ^ and this lady dying on Oct. 2d, 1693, was buried at Stanton-Harold; whereupon he married to his second wife, in August, l6gg, Se- lina, daughter of George Finch, of the city of London, Esq. and by her (who died on March 20th, 17^2)^ had five sons, and as many daughters 5 viz.

The Hon. Robert Shirley, Esq. bom May 27th, 1700, who was elected, on the accession of our late Sovereign, a niember of par- liameot for the b<»migh of Stamford, in Lincolnshire ; and died onmairied in July, 1738.

George, who died an infant, 1704.

Another George, bom in 1705, of Lower-Etingdon, in War- wickshire, a captain in the first Regiment of Foot-Guards, resided at Twickenham, in Middlesex ; and at Etcndon, com. Warwick. He mxjried Mary, daughter of Humphrey Sturt, Esq. by whom he had two sons and two daughters; George, married, first. Miss Wood, who died in 1784, S.P»| and, secondly, Miss Stanley j be died March 15th, 1793, S.Pi 5 Evelyn married Miss Frampton, of Dorsetshire, and has issue; Selina married, 1785, Sir Thomas . George Skipwith, Bart, and is now living his widow ; and Mari* giret married, 1782, John Smith, Esq. of Comb-'hay, near Bath^ Their £itfaer died, Oct. 22d, 1787, aged eighty-two 5 and was bu- lied at Etendon -, and his widow died in 1799*

Se^allis, bora in 1709, Comptroller of the household to Queen Giaiiotte, member in the ninth and tenth parliaments for Brack- ley, and in the eleventh for Callington, in Cornwall; he died Oc- tober 31st, 1765, having ''married Margarec Countess dowager of Orford ; which lady, by the decease of Hugh Fortescue, Earl of Clinton, S. P. inherited the Baronies of Clinton and Say, and died 1 781, S. P.

John, bom in 1712, and died Feb. 15th,. 1768.

The five daughters were, the Lady Selina, married to Peter Bathnrst, of Clarendou-park, in Wiltshire, Esq. brother to Allan, first Lord Batharst, died Dec. 14th, 1777» having had five sons and ten daughters j the Lady Mary, to Charles Tryon, of Bull- wide, in Northamptonshire, Esq. died May 17th, 1771 ; the Lady Anneal on May 17th, 1729, to Sir Robert Furacse, of Walder-

^ See the Rer. Mr. Keith'i Register for May-Fair Cbapel» now deposited ia the vestry of St. George*B, HasoTer-square*

^ Lady A. Fimiese died .^th Feb. 1779* l^^viag bad a daughter, Sel'uia, ino« tkcr to the fresent Sir Edward Deringy Bart«

IQO PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

ftbare, io Kent, Baronet, who died Mar. 14th, 1733, aod she died 1779; Lady Frances died unnaarried 1778 5 and the Lady Stea- arta, who died at Bath in Jan. 1768,°^ unmarried.

The seven daughters by the first marriage were, the Ladies Elir zabeth and Catharine, who died in their infancies ; the Ladiet , Elizabeth, married to Walter Clarges, Esq. half-brother of Sir Thomas Clarges, of Aston« iq Hertfordshire, Bart, j Anne-Elea- jiora, born 1679, ^^^ 17^^» and Catharine, who died unmarried iq October, 1736-, Dorothy, bom l683, married to John Colct, son and heir of Charles Cotes» of Woodcot, Shropshire, Esq. and had issue, Barbara, who died Nov. 7th, 17O8, unoiarried.

Likewise of the ten sons by the first marriage, Charles, Lewis, George, Charles, Ferrers, aqd Walter, died unmarried i and only' three surviypd their father.

Washington, the second son j

Henry, ninth son, successively Earls Ferrers.

And Laurence, tenth son, father of the threfe late Earls.

The rest all dying in their infancies, except Robert, the eldest ,fon, born on Sept. -Ith; 167^.

Which Robert married, first, Catharine, daughter of Peter Venables, Baron of Kinderton; and she deceasing in her nonagCj, he married, secondly, September ^7th, 1668, Aune, daughter of Sir Humphry Ferrers, of Tam worth-castle, in Warwickshire, Knt. and heir to her grandfather, John de Ferrers, of Tam worth-Castle, Esq. which John de Ferrers was the last heir male of the Barons Ferrers of Groby. This Robert Shirley deceased before his father was created Earl Ferrers, leaving by bis said wife, Anne Ferrers, three sons and one daughter. Robert j Ferrars died 171O5 and Thomas died 1/08; and a daughter, Elizabeth, Countess of Northampton, and Baroness Ferrars, of Chartley, at heir to her. brother; and th« said Robert dying of the small-pox, on Feb 25th, 1698 9j Robert, his sou and heir, born on Dec, 28th, 1692, be- came heir apparent to his grandfather, and was elected Kright of the Shire for the gountyof Leicester^ in the last Parliament called by Queen Annp; and surviving both bis brothers, died of the small-pox, on July 5th, 1714, unmarried, leaving his sister, mar- ried, in 17 id, \o James Compton, Earl of Northampton, his heic; which Lady died 13ih March, 174O-I3 leaving an only daughter ^nd heir, Cliarlotte ^arone^ Ferrars, first wife of George lato Marquis Towushcud.

" Querc Dec. 3181, 1767 ?

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 101

Whereupon the Hon. Washington Shirley, second son of Bobert Earl Ferrers, siuxeeded his father as second Earl Fer- URS. His Lordship was born on June 22d, IO77, and on April 12tb, 1725, was constituted Lord-Lieutenant of Staffordshire, also Gustos Rotulorum of the said county> on April 27th follow- mgf and again on Nov. 17th, 1727* He married Mary, daughter of Sir Richard Levings, Bart, one of the Judges of the KingV Bench, in Ireland ; and by her, who died in France, in January, ' 1739-40, left issue three daughters, his coheirs ', viz.

Lady Elizabeth, who was married, on June 24th, 1725, to Joseph Gascoigne Nightingale, of Enfield, in the county of Mid- dlesex, Esq.; and Mamhead, co. Devon; and by him had a son, named Washing^en^ who died, unmarried, 1754; and a daugh- . tcr, named Elizabeth, sole heir to her father and mother (who was married to Wilmot, late Earl of Lisburne; and died 19th May, 1755, in childbed of the present Earl of Lisbume) ; Lady Eliza- beth was interred in Westminster-abbey (on Aug. 26th. 1731), where a monument of most excellent design and execution is erected to her memory. Her husband surviving her, deceased on July I5th^ 1752, at Efineld.

Lady Selina, second daughter, was wedded on June 3d, 1/28, to TheophilusEarl of Huntingdon, and died in I7gi, aged eighty- seven ; a most exemplary pattern of religion and virtue.^

Lady Mary, youngest daughter, on Jun^ 29th, 1730, was mar- ried to Thomas Needham, Lord Viscount Kilmoiy, of the king- dom of Ireland; and died without Issue, Aug. 4th, 1767.

This Washington Earl Ferrers departed this life on April 14th, 1729, and leaving no heir male> the title devolved on

Hbnry, his next brother and heir, who was bom on April 14th, 1691, and in May, ]731> was appointed Lord. Lieutenant and Gustos Rotulorum of Staffordshire : but the said Henry, third Earl Ferrers, dying, in August, ^7^^s unmarried, the title de- volved on his nephew, Laurence, son and heir of Laurence Shir- ley, tenth son of Robert Earl Ferrers.

Which Laurence was horn on September 26th, 1693, and died April 27th, 1743, having married Anne, fourth daughter to Sir Walter Clarge8> of Aston^ in Hertfbrdshu'e, Bart, by whom be left issae,

Laareoce, fourth Earl Ferrers ^

Washington Shirley,^A Earl Ferrers',

* Her chiracter for enthosiaitic pieryi and patronage of the Methodists^ it well koowo.

102 PEERA.GE OF ENGLAND.

Robert^ sixth Earl^

Walter in holy orders, born 1725, married Henrietta PliiUips, and died April 7th, 1786, leaving Walter, Frances, and apoiher daughter*

Thomas, born 1733, a captain in the navy, 17^9; depntj ran- ger of St. Jame8*s and Hyde Parks; and maqied 30th Mar. 1773, to Mary, widow of Sir Stephen Anderson, Bart.P

And two daughters) Anne, liYing 1803; and Jane, bom 1737, died an infant.

Which LAURBI7CE, FOURTH Earl FfiRRBRS, on September l6th, 1752, married Mary, youngest daughter of Amos Meredith, Esq. •on and heir of Sir William Meredith, of Henbury, in Cheshire, Baronet of Kova-Scotia, and sister to Sir William Meredith, the last Baronet (member for Wigan in the parliament summoned in 1754, and for Liverpool in that which convened in 1761, 176S, and 1774): but there being a domestic uneasinesj between his Lordship and his Lady, her Ladyship was allowed a separate maintenance by act of pariiament; and after his Lordship's death, she was remarried, 28th March, 17^» to Lord Frederick Camp- bell, brother to the late Duke of Argyle ; and was burnt to death at Ix>rd Frederick's house, at Comb>Bank, in Kent, I8O7. His Lordship, though he was at times a very intelligent person, and a nobleman conversant in the constitution of his countty, yet, on divers occasions, exhibited suspicious symptoms of a constitu- tional insanity of mind. In one of his fits of disorder, he shot Mr. Johnson, his land-steward, with a pistol, at his seat at Stan- ton-Harold, in Leicestershire, in January, 176O5 for which, being tried in Westminster-hall, by his Peers, on April l6th, and 17th, following, he received sentence, on Friday the ISlh, to be hanged next Monday, and to have his body dissected and anatomized, the evidence of his insanity not being satisfactory to their Lord- ships : but the right Hon. the Lord Henley, late Eari of Nortb- ington, who acted as High-steward at that awful solemnity, with consent of the Peers, respited his Lordship's execution till Mon- day, May 5th. At receiving sentence, this unfortunate Noble- man begged his Peers to recommend bun to mercy : and after he was carried back to the Tower, he applied, by letter, to the King, that he might suffer there, where the Earl of Essex, Queen Eli- zabeth's f ivourite, and one of his ancestors, had been beheaded. This application he made with the greater confidence^ as he had

P He resides at Horkstow-HtH, co. Line.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 103

the honour to be related to bis Majesty^ and to qnarter part of his arms : bat all application from himself and friends proving ineffectoal, his Lordship was, on May 5th, conveyed from the Tower, in his wedding-suit, to Tyburn, which was covered with black t>aize, as well as the Scaffold, and suffered with great firm- D06S and composure, and was buried at St. Pancras, Middlesex 5 and on the 3d of June, 1782, his body was taken up, and con- Teyed to Stanton- Harold, and thcr6 interred with his ancestors.

His Lordship dying without issue, the estate and titles devolved on his brother, Washington, fifth Earl, who took his seat in the house of Peers, on May IQih, 176O. His Lordship betaking himself to a roarithne life, was, on April 19th, 1/46, appointed a Captain in his Majesty's navy; in which he gave eminent proofs of courage and conduct, and was at length promoted to the rank of Vice Admiral of the Blue : and the Royal Society, on Dec. 14tfa, 1761, enrolled him among their number, on account of the accurate observations he had made on the transit of Venus over the SuD, on June 6th preceding, and had communicated to that learned body, with other useful discoveries, tending to the im- provement of mathematical knowledge. ^ His Lordship died at Cbartley, in Staffordshire, on October 1st, 17?8, and was buritfd

there J having had no issue by his Lady, Anne, daughter of

Elliott, of Plynwuth, Esq. who died 1791, whereupon the titles and estate devolved upon his next brother,

Robert, sixth Eabl Fbrrbks. His Lordship was born July 10th, 1 723 J married Catherine, daughter of Rowland Cotton, of Etwall, com. Derby, by whom, who died 1786, he had issue, Robert, present Earl.

Laurence- Rowland, second son, died young, J 772.

And Washington, third son, bom Nov. I3th. 176O, formerly an Ensign in the Second Regiment of Foot Guards 5 married, 1731, Frances, daughter of the Hon. and Rev. William Ward, uncle to the present Viscotmt Dudley and Wardj by whom he has Robert- William, bom J 783 5 and two daughters 5 Frances, born 1782} and Julia- Elizabeth, born 1 785,

His Lordship died April 17th, 1787; and was succeeded by his elest son,

Robbrt, present and sbvxnth EarlFbrrbrs, bora Sept. 21st, 1756, who bad issue, by Elizabeth Prentiss, his first wife, Robert*-

H He began to icbQild the mansion of Stanton-Hareld tccording to a (Ian •! bit own ) ao4 Utc^ to tec it nearly finished.

104 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

SewallU Shirley^ Lord Tamivorth, born Nov. pth^ 1778} and married^ Sept. 5th, 1800, Sophia-Carolina Corzon, daughter of Nathaniel^ present and second Lord Scarsdale, by Sophia, daugh- ter of Edward Noel, late Viscount Wentworth.

His Lordship married, secondly, Elizabeth, youngest daughter of the late Wrighton Mundy, Esq. of Markeaton, co. Derby, and Osbaston, co. Leicester.

Titles.^ Robert Shirley, Earl Fcrrer8> Viscount Tamwortb, and Baronet.

CreatioTis.] Baronet, May 22d (l6ll) 9 Jac. I. Viscount Tam worth, in com. Staff, and Earl Ferrers, Sept 3d (1711) lOlh Queen Anne.

j4rms.'\ Quarterly, 1st and 4th, Paly of six. Or, and Azure, a Canton Ermine : 2d and 3d, France and England^ quarterly, within a Border, Argent.

Crest J] On a Wreath, the Bust of a Saracen, side faced, and eouped, proper, wreathed about the Temples, Or and Azure.

Supporters,'] Dexter a "jTalbot Ermine, eared Gules, and gor- ged with a ducal Collar, Or : Sinister, a Rein-deer of the second, attired and gorged with a ducal Collar, Or, and charged on the Shoulder with an Horse-shoe Argent.

Motto."] Honor Virtutis Prjemium.

ChUf Seats,] At Stanton-Harold, in Leicestershire; at Chart* ley-castle, in Staffordshire; and at Shirley, in the county of Derby.

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH- 105

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH.

Thomas Lkgge/ who lived in the reign of Edward. IIL'is the direct ancestor to'the present Earl of Dartmouth . Which Tb om a s was of the company of Skinners of Londoo> and Sheriff of that dty^ anno 1S43,^ and twice Lord Mayor; tiz. anno 1346, and 1353. He was returned ^ one of the Burges&es in Parliament for that city, in 1349, and 1352, In 1338, he lent Edw. IIL 3001. ' towards carrying on the war with France, which was a consider* able som in those days, and more than any citizen advanced ex- cept the Lord Mayor, and Simon de Frauncis, who lent each 8001. the next year.

A This funily it said to come out of Italy into England, where there remain teveral of that name, as alto in Naples, and other parti.'* Thoie of Venice k- mored ^m Ravenna, about the end of the tenth century $ and such was their noble descent, and to great their wealth, that they were thought worthy of a place among the patricians in the year 1197, and have a magaificant palace near the church of the Misericordia, in that city ; a further proof of their eminency, and the several great offices they have borne in the Empire, confirm it.

When they came to England, is not ascertained. Hugh de la Lega, and Ri- chard, son of Osbert, were f Sheriffs of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, from the 10th to the i6th of Henry 11. .and William de la Lega (as the name is wrote in our ancient records), was Sheriff of Herefordshire, in 1 7 Henry II. Those of Herefordshire have always been esteemed the elder branch ; but those of Legg's Place, near Tonbrilige, in Kent,{ were resident there for many generations be- fan Thomas Legge.

b Stow*s Survey of London. « Ex Coll. B. Willis, Arm.

d Siow's Survey of London.

• Hist, de Veniie, par Ic Sieur Amelet de la Housiai, t. ii. f FuilcrV Worthies. J Speed'* Map of Kent.

108 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

He married Elizabeth/ one of the daughters of Thomas Beaa- champ, Earl of Warwick^ and had issue bj her^ two sons^ Simon> and

John, who was a Serjeant at arms in 1373, and 'had then the King's prascipe directed to William de Weston and himself, to receire from Roger de Beanchamp, Constable of the castle of the Devixes, the two sons of Charles de Bloys, and to delirer them to Robert de Morton* Lieutenant of Collard de Aubrichecourt, Constable of Nottingham-castle, there to remain as hostages, till the pretensions to the duchj of Britany should be cleared. In 1381, being then in the Tower, with Simon Sudbury, Archbishop of Canterbury, and others, he 8 was there surprised by Wat Ty- ler, and his rebels, taken from that place, and beheaded on Tower-hill. He was ** Knight of the shire for the county of Surry, in 2 Rich. II. and had issue, ^ from whom those of the name in Norfolk descended, of which family was Dr. Thomas Legge, Master of Cains and Gonville college, in Cambridge, who died July 12th, 1607, aged seventy-two, and is buried in the Chapel of his College.

Simon Legge, the eldest son, married Joan, daughter of Joha Clavcrtng, son of Roger Clavering, of the city of London *,^ ard in Cobham church, in Kent, is an exhortation to pray for thai souls of Thomas Legge, and this Simon Legge, whose son

Thomas, married * Margaret, daughter of Sir John Blount, Knt. Governor of a garrison in Aquitaine,"* who, being besieged^ in 14 Henry IV. by the Mareschal of France, he, with 300 men, overthrew the Mareschal's army, consisdng of 4000 fighting men^ and took prisoners twelve persons of note» and others to the number of 120. The said Thomas had issue, by his wife aforesaid,"

1. Richard, who died a bachelor, and was buried in Cobhaoi church, after having spent the greatest part of his estate in the wars between Hen. VI. and Edw. IV.

2. William, ancestor to Lord Dartmouth.

3. John, third son, •took advantage of his brother William's absence in Ireland, and got possession of his brother Richard's

• Ex Stemnate in Fam. Beaochamp, MS. It most be congested, that this natch seemt not very consonant to the aUIancet of the proud family of Beanchamp at that time ; and requires strong proof.

f Rymer, torn. VII» p. 26. f Stow's Aona!s.

fc Pryn'i Brev. Pari. p. 88. i Ex Script. Will. Com. Dartmouth.

k Weaver*! Fun. Moo» 1 Ex Script, ut antea,

n HoUjnthed*s and Spced*8 Cbron» >• Ex Script. pi«d. • Ibid«.

LEGGE EARL OF DilBTMOUTH. 107

estate aftrr his death, which occasioned a long sait. Bat neither William, nor bis beirs^ ever recovered it. He married Eleanor, a daughter of '■ Talboys, of Kyme, in com. Line, of which

family was the Lord Talbojrs, in the reign of Henry VI FI. In that rdgn was Robert Legge, who p married Edith, daughter of John Boyt, of Goodnestone^ in Kent,^ who was, secondly, the wife of Robert Colwell j and, thirdly, of Sir Christopher Barker, Kot Garter King of Arms, She died in Sept. 1550, surviving her husband Sir Christopher ; and, as appears by his will, had issue only by her husband Colwdl.

William Legge, the second son of Thomas, went into Ire- laod,*^ and settled at Cassils, where he married Anne, only daugh- tcr of John, son of Miles Lord Birmingham, of Athunree, and bad issue by her, Edward, hi^ son and heir^ and dying, aged ninety-two, was buried at Cassils.

Which Edwaed was * sent by bis father into England on the law-suit with his unole John $ but being unsuccesful, he made a voyage, in 1584, with Sir Walter Raleigh, to the Indies ; and on hn return into Ireland, had a company given him in Sir Henry Danvers*8 regiment* He was afterwards made Vice.president of Monster, when Sir Charles Blount, Lord Montjoy, Knight of the Garter (afterwards Earl of Devon), was Lord -Lieutenant to whom he was related ; and often transacted affairs with the Earl of Tir-Oen, being in' favour with both parties. He had issue by Mary his wife, daughter of Percy Walsh, of Moyvallie, six sons, and seven daughters, and died in the seventy-fourth year of his age, anno 1616.

' 1. Elizabeth, his eldest daughter, never married, but lived to 106 years. She was well versed in the Latin, English, French, Spanish, and Irish tongues.

2. Mary, married to •^— Spragge, was mother of Sir Edward Spragge, Admiral of the Blue, who. commanded the rear under Prioce Rupert, and lost his life, in the third and last engagement with the Dutch, on Aug. Uth, 1673.

3. Margaret, wife of — Fitz-Gcrald, Esq. lived J 05 years, and was buried in Ireland.

4. Eleanor, married to •^— Davys, Esq. son of Sir JohnDavys, Attorney general, in Ireland, to James I.

P Ansti8*8 Regist. Gar. Vol. II. p. 37^,379. 4 N9W the Seat of Sir Brook Bridges, Bart. r £x Script, pned*

« Account of this Family, by Col. John Legge, MS.

1<)S tEKRAGE OF ENGLAND.

6. Susannah, wife to — - Nugent, Esq. by whom «he had iMoe^ and was interred in Ireland.

0. Anne, espoused — — >* Anthonj, Esq. and died in the 112tb year of her age, in 1702.

7. Jane, married to — — Usher, Esq

ThoDoas Legge, second son of the aforesaid Edward and Marjy died young, and was buried in Ireland.

Richard Legge, third son/ was Ensign in the regiment of Idontjoy Blount, Earl of Newport, in the first expedition agaiosC the Scots, in lOSQ, and afterwards Lieutenant-colonel of that re- giment,^ aud taken prisoner when the Earl of Derby wa» defeated at Wigan, in com. Lane, on Aug. 25th, l651. After the Resto- ration, he ^ was sect with forces under the Earl of Peterborough, to take possession of Tangier : and was Ranger of Whichwood-> forest, in Oxfordshire, and died unmarried.

John Legge, fourth 8on,y was a Lieutenant-colonel in the Marquis of Antrim's regiment in Ireland, temp. Car. T. And oh the acfcession of Charles 11. by the cruel- murder of his rojral father, being then in Ireland, he was sent by Prince Rupert, Prince Maurice, and the Marquis of Orroond, then Lord-Lieute^ naht, from Kinsale, to hasten his Majesty's coming into Ireland -, but the ship he was in being taken,^ he was for a long time im-» prisoned at Plymouth, and by a court-martial condemned to die. Whitlock* gives the fdlowing account; on July l6th, i649> «' that the fleet, before Kinsale, took a vessel of Prince Rupert's, of eleven guns> and in brr, Legg, Sir Hugh Windham, Capt« Darcy, and sixty men, and ammunition. On 2 1st July, letters from Plymouth, of Col. Legg, Sir Hugh Windham, afnd others^ being brought thither prisoners, to know the pleasure of the house concerning them : Ordered, that Col. ' Legg be committed in Bristol, aud Sir Hugh Windham to the Mount, for high-treason..'* However, he Was afterwards released -, and was deputy* governor of Jersey, in the reign of James IL and Ranger of Which wood- forest aforesaid, where he died in 1702, aged lOQ years. He married Anne, daughter of — — Allot, £«q. and had issue two- sons, and four daughters.

Edward, fifth son, died in his infancy.

« Rushworth's Collect. » B*ker'$ ChroOr continued by E. P.

^ Ex Scxipt* Will. Com. Dartmouth. 7 Ibid.-

i ? Cux's Hist, of Ireland, Vol. II. p. 2. • Memorials, p. 399.

LEQGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 190

Bobert, sixth son* wis ^ lent by Charles I. ioto HoUand with the Gtoeen^ to provide arms and aaununitioo ; and on her retam, she gave this account of her army^ from Newark, June 27th» 1644. ** I carry with me 3000 foot, 30 companies of hone and dragoons, 6 pieces of camK>o, and 2 mortars. Harry Jermyn commaods the forces which go with me» as Colonel of my guards, Sir Alezaoder Lesley the foot under him, Gerrard the horse, and Robia L^ge the artillery/' He was in most of the battles during the dvil war, and received several wounds. In lM5, he ^ was Colonel of foot, and taken prisoner by Colonel Massey, at the stormiog of Evesham. He was much trusted by the King and Queen on all hazardous occasions, both their Majesties having a good opinion of his conrage and fidelity, which he never forfeited. He^ married a daughter of Sir Daniel NortoUi of Soutbwick, in Hampshire, by whom he had no iuue. In order to the restora* tjon of Charles II. he had Portsmouth delivered to him by Co- lonel Norton, his wife's brother ^ the government of which ho possessed to his death, which happened soon after, and wi^ buried there.

1 now retam to William Legge, eldest son to Edward Legge and Mary Walsh. He was <^ brought out of Ireland by Henry Danvers, Earl of Danby, President of Munster, his godfather, who had promised (l)is father being infirm), to take care of his education, and wa^ sent by him to serve as a volunteer under Custavos Adolphus, King of Sweden ; and after, served under Prince Maurice, of Grange, in the Low Countries. On his return to England, he was first ' constituted, on Nov. '30th, 2 Car. I. Keeper pf the King's Wardrobe durbg lifej and soon after made Groom of the bedchamber. And when Danvers, £arl of Danby, was fined 50001. in the court of Star-chamber (for hav- ing felled timber in Wbichwood-forest, without licence), he de- tired, as a favour to bim» that 2000 1. thereof might be given to Cdonel William Legge, saying, it was what he designed to leave bim as a legacy, and which he should not be able to perform vhen he had paid his fine $ and thereupon the King granted it. In 1639, Jie ^^^ 3 commission to be Lieutenant-general of the Ordnance, in the first expedition against the Scots $ and in ]640,^ brought up that petition from the army, to which his Majesty

* Ruthworth's Collections, Vol. II. and Ludlow*8 Memoirs, part 3. P Whitiock*s Memorials, p. 14Z. ' Ex Script. VV. Com. Darimonib,

e Ibid. f Pat. 2 Car. I. p. 21. n. 27.

S Huibini's CjlIecC. and Whltlock's Mem. p. 44*

110 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

tubacribed C. R. whereapon he was eiamined by the hense of Cominons, and ordered into custody as a delinquent ; but was al- lowed hb liberty,** giving 10,000l. bail for himself, with the Earla ef Cumberland and Newport, 50001. each, for his appearance. The parliament soon after publishing a declaration, mentioning the King*s attempting to incense the northern army against tbem» &c. his Majesty, in answer thereto^ said, " He signed Captaia Legge*s petition to satisfy the army.^*' And, immediately after, .removing northward, the Earls of Pembroke and Holland having waited on him at Royston> from the parliament, March pth, l642, th^ reported, on their return, that the King, on reading 4hat part of their message concerning Captain Leggc, said, " That's a lie." And on going with the King to York, and being with him, when his Majesty demanded entrance into Hull, on April 23d, the parliament thereupon remanded him. However, in that year, he*^ was constituted Serjeant-major and Captain of a troop of cuirassiers in Prince Rupert's regiment, and was taken prisoner ^t Dunsmore -heath, by Major Ballard. However, he was sooa at liberty $ for, as Rushworth writes, he joined Prince Rupert at Bridgnorth, with 1120 musketeers, before the fight between the Prince and Sir John Meldrum, at Newark, on March 21st, 1643. And, in April following, was wounded and taken prisoner at Lichfield (as Echard writes), and soon after again rcleased. For, in the first battle at Newbury, on Sept. aoth, l643, having va- liantly behaved, and the night after attending his Majesty in his bedchamber, the King presented him with a hanger he had that day worn, which was in an agate handle set in gold, and would have knighted him with it, had he consented j^ but the hanger was kept in his family, till the house at Blackheath was robbed, in 1693.

In 1644,™ he was Governor of Chester; and Dec. 25th, that year, was made ° Governor of Oxford, in the room of Sir Arthur Aston. He ^ had a regiment of foot, and another of cuirassiers ; also a commission to be governor in chief of the city and county of Oxford, with power for impressing what soldiers he pleased in the counties of Bucks and Berks. On April l6th, 1643,^ bsing then 9oe of the Grooms of the King's bedchamber, and Governor

k NaUon and Rashworth'i Collect. I Whitlock, p. 54, 55.

k Ex Script. W, Cum. Dartm. i Ex Script, pracd.

" Ibid. n Wood's Athcnoe Oxon. Vol. I. p. 7a i.

• Ex Script, pned, p Wood's Faiti Oxon. Vol. U. p. 728, 733.

LEG6E EA&L OF DARTMOUTH. ill

6f Oxford, he was admitted Doctor of Laws of that Uiuversitj i and» on Oct. 8th fbllowiagf surrendered it to Sir Thomas Gjen- bacD^ his Majesty taking him with him when he left Oxford. When King Charles made his escape from Hampton*court^ he, with Sir John Berkeley, aAd Mr. Ashbamham, were the only penons to whose fidelity the king committed himself. The Earl of Clarendon relates, that Ashbnrnham alone seemed to know what they were to do j the other two having received only orders to attend. Whereupon be had no hand in that unfortunate step, of carrying the King over to the Isle of Wight, in which the other two were involved; for <ihe staid with the King at Titch- field-bonse, while Ashbumham and Sir John Berkeley went to Col. Hammond. And on that, the Earl of Clarendon gives him the following character : " Legge had so general a reputation of integrity and fidelity to his master, that he never fell under the least imputation or reproach with any man : he was a very punc- tual and steady observer of the orders he received, but no contriver of them ; and though he had in truth a better judgment and un- derstanding than cither of the other two, his modesty and diffidence of himself never snfFered him to contrive bold counsels.**

Cromwell sent a warrant to Col. Hammond for securing Mr. Legge, Mr. Ashbumham, and Sir John Berkeley,^ but the Colonel desired to forbear the execution thereof, till he might know the pleasure of the houses ; " In regard (as he said), if those Gen- tlemen should be apprehended, it would be very difiicult for him to secure the person of his Majesty.** And that the King said, ^ If these Gentlemen should be taken fi-om him, and punished as evil Jocrs, for counselling him not to go out of the kingdom^ bat rather to come to this place, for the more conveniency at to settlement of peace, and for endeavouring it accordingly, in at- tending him hither, he cannot but himself expect to be dealt with accordingly, his case being the same.

'* That these Gentlemen have engaged their honours not to depart from him : and having cast themselves upon him, in case they should be removed from thence, it would much reflect upon him."

On May ipth, 1648, he » was committed prisoner to Windsor* castle, but was soon after released j and during the treaty of the

f aist. of Eflglind, Vol. III. p. 170. ' Wbitlock's Mcmorialt, p, 28a.

» Ibid. p. 305.

Ill PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Isle of W!ght> he was noaunated^ among others, to attend his Majesty ; bat on Aog. 3l8t following, he was, with Mr. Doocet^ the only two disapproved of by the parliament. And engaging in that design of the Earl of Holland's, to restore the King, he Mras wounded, and taken prisoner with the Earl, at St Neot*s, in Huntingdonshire. King Charles was so sensible of his sufferings, . and had so great an esteem of his fidelity, that, a little before his death, he charged the Duke of B^ichmond to (ell the Prince of Wales from him, that whenever he was restored to his right, ho * should be sure to take care of honest Will. Legge; for he was the faithfullest servant that ever any Pripce had.

After the unfortunate death of that King, he and his ^imily suffered great hardships^ and being imprisoned in Plymouth, he was, by order of parliament, in 1649,^ reinoved to firistol, with a charge of high^treason, and from thence was sent to Arundel^ castle, in Sussex; from whence he applied to the Speaker, Len - thall, for leave to go abroad ; who obtained it for him , and io return, Colonel Legge, on the Restoration, was very instrumental in procuring Lenthall's pardon ; who, when he died, left him, by his will, 200 1. as a legacy.

As he had emineiKly distinguiihed his lo3ralty to Charles I. so was he not backward in espousing the interests of his son and successor, Charles 11. accompanying him, in 1650, into Scotland^ where he was committed piisoner to Edinburgh-castle, and so continued, till the King made his escape from St. Johnstown 5 when, to gratify his Majesty, he was released. At the battle of Worcester, on Sept. dd, \65\, he was wounded and taken pn* soner;"^ and had been certainly executed, if his <vife had not con* trived his escape out of Coventry gaol, by hiring an old woman to carry him her clothes, which he put on, and brought a closer stool pan, well filled, under his arm, the stench of which occa- sioned the guards to stand dear, and let him pass unregarded.

In the protectorship of Oliver Cromwell, he, with the Earl of Oxford, and others, were committed to prison, being betrayed by Manning, who corresponded with Tburloe, CromwelFs secretary^ with a design to get money from tbem, and thereupon informed against such, whose fidelity to the King was nM)st notorious. In 1659, when risings were designed throughout the kingdom, hq had a commission to raise a regiment of foot, with several l)lank commissions, to dispose of as he thought fit. He was also com-

< Wbitlock^s Memomis, p, 399. * £x Script, piaed.

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 113

mastooed, with Artbar Annesley, after Eari of Anglesey, John Mofdaont, aooo after created Viicount Mordaant; Sir John Gran- i^ille, afterwtt^s Earl of Bath i and Thomas Peyton, to promiie pardon to all thoae who shall endeavour his Majesty's restoration^ eacept diose who sat as Judges on his father. The said commis- fion was dated at Brussels, March llth, l65Q,* wherein tbef were also empowered, by writing under their hands, &c. to prcH mise in his Maj\»ty*s name, such rewards as they thought proper^ which he would ratify, confirm, and perform. They were so active in this commission, that roost of the nobility and gentry of England and Wales were engaged by them in the King's service, and a day in July y fixed for their rising ; but that being deferred to Aoguat 1st, the design took air ; and only Sir George Booth, with his friends,, appeared in Cheshire, and the Earl of Litchfield, with some others, in Surry. The King was in such ejcpectation of the success, that he went from Brussels to Calais, and had a shalop ready for bis transportation, on heanng any considerable body of men were id arms for him. In 16^, just before the meeting of the parliament, he subscribed that declaration of the nobility and gentry, whereby they promised not to retain ai^y fer sentmenta for former ill treatment.

After the Restoration, the King told him the messuage he ha4 icceived from his royal father, by the Duke of Richmond, which, be said, must always entitle him to any marks of favour he could give him, and ofifered to create bim an Earl before his coronation; which he modestly declined, having a numerous family, with m itnall fortune: but told the King, he hoped his 90ns might live to deserve his majesty's favour. . On which he was restored to hi^ place in the Bedchamber, and Lieutenancy pf the Qrdnauce, with a commission to be Superintendant, with General*s pay. Alsf> was constituted Treasurer of the Ordnance, and Colonel of an independent company of foot iq the Tower of London. All thesp 9rere granted in 166O to bim, during his life.

The next year he was * chosen Member of Parliament for Southampton : and obtained a grant of the Icing's house in the Minories (formeriy an abbey), London, the lieutenancy of Aliop Hoh,* and WoolmeriforestSj in Hampshire, for forty-fiye y^ni

' Bakei'i Chrooick, edit. i. 84. p. 64. 7 Ibid. p. 649, 650,

s £x Scrip, pnef. « When bii dcfcejudanc, Lord Stawell, it ttill feau4. f OL. IV. I

i

iU PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

fi]M), of Itndf ID com. Lowth, in Irdaod, to a ooosklerable wtbac ; ^ith a pension of 5001. per ann. for hif own and bU wife's lift* And when Prince Raptrt went to Vienna, he constituted him his fofficient and lawful Attorney and Commisdoner for him and in bis name, and to hi3 nse, to act, manage, perform, and do all and bU manner of matters and iliing3 whatsoever, which doth or ma/ tny way concern him, either with his Majesty, the Parliameot, or any other person or persons whatsoever. In I663, he was made Woodward nf Chute-forest, in com. Wilts. He died of a iever, at the $aid house in the Minories, near the Tower, on Oct. 13th, 1673, in the fixty-third year of his age, and was buried in- the rault in the Trioity-chapei in the minories, with great solem- nity; Prince Rupert, the Dukes of Bnckiogham, |ltchmond, Monmouth, Newcastle, aod Onnond, ^th tnost of the ooort, being present at his funeral : and a monunoent of white marble as ^ifepted there to his memory.

He married Elisabeth, ddest daughter of Sir William Wash* {ngton, of Packington, in Leicestershire, by Anne, daughter of Sir George Villiers, of Brooksby, in the said codnty, and sister to the first Duke of Buckingham of that family. She died in 1688, in the seventy- sixth year of her age, and was buried in the raolt in the Tnnity-chapel in the Minories, by her husband. They had issue three sons, George, William, and Edward) and tWQ daughters; whereof,

Mary, the eldest, was married to Sir Henry Gooderick, of Rib- «ton, in the county of York, Knt. and Bart, who was Envoy- extraordinary to Spain, in the reign of Charles XL and Lieutenant- general of the Ordnance, and Privy^counseKor to William IIL by whom she had no issue. She died aged seventy ykrs, and was <buried in the vault with her father; though it is mentioned (by mistake), on Sir Henry's Goodericks mopnmept, in ^tbaton- chapel, that he was buried there.

Susannah, second danghter, was married, pn April 25tb> 1^^, in Henry VIL's chapel in Westminster-abb^, to Thomas Bilson, of Maple-Durham, in the county of Southamptcm, Esq. by whoni she had isue one daughter, that died in her infancy, and two sons, Leonard Bilsop, and Thomas Bilson, both which died in her lifetime, without issue; Thomas, by a fall from his horse; and Leonard, i715» who left the remainder of his whole estate, after Thomas Bettesworth, and the heirs male of his. body lawfully be- gotten to Henry Legge, fourth son to William Earl of Partmouth. provided hp take the name of Bilson*

LEG<SE EAKL OP DARTMOUTH. \xs

.Willii|in» second aoo to the said William Lcgge, was > Pdge oC llOQoiur to Charies II. Groom of the bedchamber, and Captain of $ Cnx>p of boiye, in the regiment of horse^uards ooounandcd by Aubrey de Vere, £arl of Oxford. And in l680> was sent by the. King to Hesse-Casse), to stand godfRtber, as bis proxy^ to Prince CbarieSj the Landgrane s son. in the reign of James 1I« be was Ueotemnt-colonel in the Queen's r^;imept of horse. Governor of Kinsalc, io Ireland, and Member of Parliament for Portsmouth. He married Mary Pod, widow of — ** Townshcnd, Esq. but ^ad BO issue by beri and dying in Dublin, in the forty-eighth 3rear of his age, was buried there.

Edward Legge, third son, died in hh infancy, and was buried it Stoke, in com. Middlesex ; where his mother resided durin]^ t!bt absence of his father beyond the seas.

Gbosob Legge, ddestson and heir, first Lojid DabtmoutH| was sent to sea <^ at the age of seventeen, under the care of Si|^ Edward Spragge. He commanded the Pembroke in 1667, the Fairfax io 1671, and tbe Boyal Catharine in 167^. In the Dutdf wars be was wounded ; taking and destroying several of theic ships. In 1669, he had the command of his father's independent company of foot , and in 1672, was made Lieutenant-governor of Portsmouth, under his Royal Highness James Duke of York. In 2673, Governor of Portsmouth, Master of the Horsct and Gentle? man of ihe Bedchamber to the Duke of York. In 1677, he had a grant of 3001. per ann. as Assistant to the office of Ordnance; and before the end of that year was ccmstituted Colonel of a re^ giment of foot, and Lieutenant-general pf the Ordnance. S009 afler, be was made Master of the Ordnance j and on March 3c^ I68O-I, was sworn of the Privy-council to Charles II. In 1662, be bad a commission for viewing all the forts and garrisons ia England, and for commanding in chief. Apd l>efore the end of tbe same year, was, by letters patent, dated Dec. ^d, in the 34th year of his reign, advanced to the degree of a Baron of this realm, by tbe title of Babon of Dartmouth, in the county of Devon, to hold and enjoy to btnoself and tbe heirs male of bis body -, an4 for the default of such issue, to William Legge, Esq. one of tba Ckpoms €£ the royal bedchamber (brother to him the said George^ and to tbe beirs male of hb bodyj which reipainder the King {ATticularly ordered himself, in justice (as he was pleased to sny)^ to the noemory of old Colonel Legge, whose modesty onght not

► Ex Scrip, prxf. • Ibid. ^

l\6 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

|o prejudice bis children. The preamble to the patent iraportte * " That his Majesty remembering the great merits of WDUsm Legge, one of the Grooms of tho royal bedchamber to bis late father King Charles the First, especially in that unparalleled re- bellion raised against him ^ in which, being a person of singrular skill and experience in military affairs, as also a valiant and ex*« pert commander, he faithfully served him in most of the battles and sieges of those unhappy times : also performed several emi- nent services to the said King, since his most happy restoration : and further considering, that George Legge, eldest son of tho said William, following his father's steps in divers military em- ployments, especially in sundry sharp and dangerous naval fighu, wherein he did freely hazard his life 5 for which respect, be'mg made General of the Ordnance and Artillery, and one of bis moat honourable Privy-council, his Majesty thought fit to dignify him yith some farther honour.*

The following year he was « sent Admiral of the whole English £eet, to demolish Tangier -, having a commission to be Captain- general of all his Majesty's forces in Africa, and Governor of that city. Bishop Burnet recites,^ *' After the King had kept Tangier about twenty years, and had been at a Fast charge in making a mole before it, in which several undertakers had failed, but the wcnrk was now brought neaf perfection, which seemed to give ua the key of the Mediterranean ; he, to deliver himself from the charge, sent Lord Dartmouth with a fleet to destroy all the works, and bring home all our men." On his return, he had, as a reward of his many faithful services, a grant from his Majesty of 10,0001. He also obtained, from Charles II a grant to hold a fajr twice a year, and a market twice a week^ ppon filack-heath, in the parish of Lewisham, in Kant.

During the reign of JameS II. he was Master of the Horse^ General bf the Ordnance, Constable of the Tower of London, one of the Lords of the privy council. Colonel of the ttoyal Bcgi- nuent of Fusileers, and Captain of an independent company of foot. He was also High-steward of Dartmouth, and Kingston upon Thames, and Recorder of Lichfield. In the year 1687, attending the King in his progress, and the city of Coventry pre- fenting his Majesty with a large gold cup and coyer, he immedir mely delivered it to the Lord Dartmouth, telling tim, ''. iher^ was

* Dugdtle*! Additions to hit Baronage, MS. penet meips. « Ex Script, piaf. f History of his Own Titaa, Vol. II. p. ^64, atf^.

LEGQE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. i 1 7

to acknowledgement from .the city of Cofcotrj, for his fiitber*i tuienDgs in their towni" where^ during the civil wars, be had, endared a long imprisonment. Hes resigned his post of Master of the Horse on Dec. l^tbi l667* And in the socceeding jear, he was made Admiral of the fleet of England, then sent out to in-» tercept the Dutch fleet bringing over the Prince of Orange: which employment be a<xxpted out of gratitude to the King; wbo> as Bishop Barnet writes (in his History of his Own Times) i«ved him, and in whose service and confidence he had long been. The Bishop also says, '' ^ that he was indeed one of die worthiest loen of his court, bat he was much against the conduct of his affairs I yet he was resolved to stick to him at all hazards."

After the Prince bad landed, it is recited in our Gazettes, that he passed by Portsmouth, on Nov. 18th, 1688, and after bad weather, retnmed to Spithead on Nov. 23d following, with forty? three ships of war ; the rest of the fleet being put into other ports. Afterwards he sailed fl-om thence for the Downs, on Dec^ agth, and leaving there several men of war, under the command of the Lord Berkeley, his Lordship, with the rest of the fleet, sadled for the Buoy of the Nore.

Yet, notwithstanding he brought the fleet safe home, and had acted by order of King James when he was in power, he was deprived of all his employments at the Revokitionj and in 1601, committed prisoner to the Tower of London, where, after three months imprisonment, he departed this life suddenly of an apo^ plcxy, on Oct. 25th, that year, in the forty-fourth year of his age> When he was dead. Lord Lucas, who was Constable of th« Tower, made some difficulty of permitting his body to be re* moved witboat orderi on which, application being made to King William, be was pleased to direct, that the same respect should be paid at his funeral, that would have been due to him, if hb had died possessed of all his employments in that place. And accoidingly the Tower guns were fired when he was cairied out, to be interred near bis father in the vault in tlie Minoriea: where a monament of white marble is erected to hb memory/ by Bar-

C Joqriul per Greg. King, Lane. Fecial, MS. peoes meipi.

^ Hist, piaed. p. 498.

i There is a scarce Print of him existing, for which, sse Gratiger*

^ In Sir John Dalrymp1e*i Appendix to his Memoirs of Great Britain and Ire-

hftd, part i. p. 71, are two letters, which enable us to clear up not only tome

aspersions of Bishop Burnet on Lord Dartmouth and the Dulce of York, hut alto

a misuke or two of Dr. Cimpbell, in Biographia BriUnnIca, Vol. IL p. 13 J5»

ild ' PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

bara, bis Lady, who died on January 28th, 1717-I8, 10 the fixtr* eighth year of her age, and was buried in tbe same raalt with

Bote C. The Blthtp tells «t, ** that the Duke, when he wm th^wrecked (U the Gkmccscer ffigate, in May i6ft2), g^ into 1 boat, aad took care of his dogf and some unknown persons, who were taken, frooa that earnest care of his, to be hii priests. The loog-boat went off with very few in her, though she night have carried off above eighty more than she did. One hundred and fifty persons ^rished ; some of them men of great qtiality. But the Doke took 00 notice of this crtiel neglect, which was lai<* chiefly to Legge*s chaige.'* On this Dr. C* ■laket the folbwing remark : ** What blame fell upon Lcgge^ or who this Legge was> is not easy to detcnnine i for as to Colonel Lcggt, then Master of the Ord- nance, and a Privy Counsellor, afterwards Lo:d Dartmouth, and Admiral of the Fleet, he W3s visiting the fortresses of the kingdom, at this time, by his Ma- jesty's command.** Colonel Legge, it is true, had a commission in 1682, for viewing all the forts and garrisons in England ; bot that he was the Legge wboai the Bishop mentions, and unjustly blames, appears from the foUowing letter ef Ikis son (commmaicated by the late Earl of Uartmootk), which clears up an In- teresting fact$ and exculpates both the Duke and him, of this imputed charge of insensibility, too natural to the Duke on most other trying occasions t

Earl of Dartmouth to Erasmus Lewis, Esq.

, Softdweil, Jan. 25th, 1723-4.

SIR,

<< This is onVf in answer to the last paragraph of yours of the «ist. Mj fm^

ihtr vas m htrd ih* GJamcestery but so littk deserved to have the drowning 1 50

inea (which the Bishop has so liberally bestowed upon him), laid chiefly to bis*

charge, that it was in great measure owing to him, that any escaped after the

ship had struck. He several times pressed the Duke to get into the boat, who

refused to do it ; telling him, that if he were gone, nobody would uke care elf

the ship, which he had hopes might be saved, if she were not abandoned. But

my father finding she wts ready to sink, told htm if he suid any longer they

should be obliged to fiirce him oat : upon which the Duke ordered a stroag bouc

to be lifted into the boat, which, besides being extremely weighty, took up a

good deal of time as well as room. . My father asked him with s^me warmth, if

there was any thing in U worth a man's life. The Duke answered, that there

were things of so great consequence both to the King and himself, that he would

hazard his own rather than it should be lost. Before he went off,* he inquired

for Lord Roxborough and Lord Obrien } but the confusion tod harry was so great

that they codhd not be found. When the Duke, and m Msivf m skt wetdd ht^

nmtS yfeiff were in the boar, my faflier stood with his sword drawn, to hinder

the crowd from oversetting of her, which I suppose was what the Bislfop esteemed

a fault; but the King thanked him publickly for the care he had taken of the

Duke ; and the Dutchess, who was not apt to favour him much upon other occa-

sions, said upon this, that she thought herself more obliged to him than to any

man in the world, and should do so as long as bhe lived. I can«ot guess what

induced the Bishop to charge my father with tbe long-boat*s not being suflicientiy

, Banned $ for if that ^cre the case (which I much doubt), it was not under his

LEGGE EARL OF DABTMOUTH. rig

him, Sbe was dau^ter and cdieir of Sir Henry Arcfabold^ of Abbots^Bromley, in Sufibrd$bire, and by her Lord bad issue one urn, William^ £arl of Dartmouth^ and seven daughters.

^■ecdoa, be bctog on k»rd in no otiMr capacity bat as a patsenger and tbc Poke*! cerraaC} and I believe the reflection upon the Duke for bit care of the daft to be as ilJ.grounded ; for I remember a story (that was in every body's mdeth at thit time), of a struggle that happened for a plank between Sir Charles Scarborough and the Duke*s dog Mumper, which convinces me that the dogs were left to take care of themselves (as he did), if there were any Mdre on board* which 1 never beard till the Bishop's story-book was publisbad. Tbis is all ia ffbtioB to that ofiairy that ever came to the knowledge of»

SIR, Yonr oiost faithial bamble Servant,

Dartuoitth.'*

Dr. Campbell mentions the above incident of two persons standing with their swords drawn, one in the boat, the other on board the ship, to prevent that irre- gular crowding which might have endangered the boat as well as the ship ; and •Ms, << if the reader is cnrions to know who tboae persons were, we shall endea* voar to satisfy bim4 He on board the ship was Sir John Berry (the Captain], who, after per^brmiog this service, escaped very narrowly himself, by swimffliag to a rope that was thrown over the stern of Captain Wyborn's ship i and he ia the boat was Coloiul CJmckiU (afterwards the great Duke of Marlborough), who for this service is very justly said to have contributed to the preservation of the Dake his master's Hfe. We see, however, by Lord Dartmouth's letter, that the biognipker is here mistaken, and that CWmm/ Ltg^ was the person who performed tUs service*

Kocwitbstandiog the apathy by which the Dnke of York's character is. to be iittingnisbcd, or rather disgraced, that, as Sir John Dairy mple justly obsencet, *< in all his letters (numerous as they are), scarce one stroke of genius or sensi<« biHty is to be found,** let us be Careful of loading his memory more than it de« serves. On socb good aotbority let as allow, that the boat, instead of being * able to carry off above eighty more than they did," was as /all as she could safely be t that, tboagk Lord Roxboroagb and Lord Obrien ware left behind, thr Doke, ** before he went oiF, inquired for them ; and that the dogs (Mamper ia particaiar), were left to struggle for planks, and " take care of themselves." It appears too, by a letter in the said Appendix, ^m Sir James Dick, Lord Provost of Edinburgh, one of the persons that were shipwrecked, that the Duke, Earl Winton, and the President of the Session, and two of the bedchamber men, who drew their swords to hold people off, were «U that went in th* Dukis Uitli hoot, as he caUs it. No awlnwya penmn are naentiooed. And in the Utifs hoot, besides Sir James, and the sailors who rowed, he tells us, there were Earl Perth, Ea.1 Middlcton, the Laird of Taich, with several others, and afterwards twenty or tveoty-fonr seamen more, jumped in upon them from the shrouds { ** which ande all the spectators and themselves to think, they were sinking, being so thronged," Sec. He mentions also the great difficulty they had to reach the aearest yatch, the wind being N. E. and the waves boitterovsj and their bcisjl

130 VMRACE OP ZKGLAND.

^ Miiy, the eldettf was married^ on Nor. 12th, 16S5, in Hcmiy Vii.*t Chapel, in Westminster- abbey, to PhUip Musgrave, Eaq^ eldest SOD of Sir Christopher MosgraTe, of Eden-hall, in West-^ moreland, Bart, and after his decease, to John Crawford, Esq. •on to Commissary-general Crawford : add died on Peb. 2Ath, 1763. The other daughters were, Elisabeth, who died, nnmar- ried, ' Sept. .15th, 176O, aged ninety years, and was buried in the' Minories ; Barbara, Susannah, and Anne, the youngest } besides the fifth and sixth, who died in their infancies, and are buried ia the family vaulti in the Minories Church.

William, first Earl, hisonly son, was bom on Oct 14tb/ 1672. He was Lieutenant of Alice-Holt, and Woolriier-forests, till King William granted the reversion, after the term of Colonel William Legge*8 grant for forty-five years, to Emanuel Kow, Esq. Groom of his Bedchamber^ 00 which he surrendered the remainder of his term for a valuable consideration."^ He** took his place in the house of Peers, on Nov. 22d, 16^. On the accession of Queen Anne, he was constituted one of the Lords Commissioners for Trade and PJabtatious, on>lune 14th, 1702| and on the 18th following^ was sworn of her Privy-council, at St. James's. In 17 10, he was sworn one of her Majesty's Prin- cipal Secretaries of Stale, and constituted Keeper of the Signet of Scotland, in commission with James Duke of Queensberry. Also, on Sept. 5ih, 1 7 11 , was advanced to the dignities of Fiscount I^etvisham, in Kent, and £abl op Dabtmouth. In 1713, he was appointed Lord Ker^ier of the Privy-seal $ and on the demise of Queen Anne, as such, was one of the Lords Justices of Great- Britain, being at the same time High-steward of Dartttiouth, and one of the Governors of the Charter-house.

His Lordship married in July^.l/OO, the ^Lady Anne FincB^ third daughter to Heneagr, Earl of Ailesford, and by her Lady- ship, who died on Nov. 30tb, 1751, and \vas buried in the Mi- nories Church, had issue six sons, and two daughters ; the Lady Barbara, married, on July 27tlj, 1/24, to Sir Walter Bagot, of Blithfield, in Slafibrdshire, Bart.^ and the Lady Anne, married^

obliged to force off the gripe of many who were twimmisg, and catcbcd hold of the bom. Ail circumttancei, and the size of a frigate's long boat contidtred, ler any Manan judge whether it vntit tff (as th^ Bi&hop says), wi/A '^try f*w, of whether it coiUd have he^d eighty (or any) morr. ' Coffin Plate. "^ But a branch of the faoily have since obtained a new grant. " Joufn. Dom. Proccr.

LEGGE EARL OF DAJITMOUTH: 121

in October l7Sg, to Sir Lister Holt, of Aston, in Warwickshire, JBarL

His Lordship's eldest son, Gsobob, Lord Fucouni Lewiskam, miirried Elizabeth, sole daoghter-and heir of Sir Arthur Kaje, of, Woodsome, in Yorkshire, Bart, by his wife, Anne, eldest daugh- ter and coheir of Sir Samuel Marrow, of Berkeswell, io War- wickshire, Bart. And hariog been elected a member in (he parliament that sat first on business on Nov, 38th, 1727, for Great Bedwin, in Wiltshire, died of the small-pox at his hous9 in Holies-street, Cavendish-square, London, on Aug. 29th, 1732. By hb said Lady (who Afterwards wedded Francis, first Earl of Goilfi^rdi and died in 1745), he had issue a daughter that was still-born; secondly, a son, Arthur Legge, who died on Oct. 6th, 1729> aged two years and ten weeks 1 also a son, William, late Earl of Dartmouth i and two daughters, Anne, and Elizabeth ; whereof, Anne was, on November 23d, 176O, married to James Bmdenel, now Earl of Cardigan, brother to George the last Duke iA Montagu ; and died Jan. SOth, 1 786, without issue.

Heoeage Legge, second son, baptized March I2tb^ 1703-4, was admitted a Student in the Inner-Temple, at the age of nine^ teen; and on Dec. 12th, 1734, chosen High-steward of the city of Litchfield. In Feb. 1739, he was sworn one of the Kiog*s Counsel $ and 1 749, constituted one of the Barons of the Exche- quer. In June, 1 740, he was married to Catharine, daughter, and one of the coheirs of Mr. Jonathan Fogg, Merchant, of Loo- don, and niece to Sir John Barnard, Knt. alderman of London, by whom he had issue, a son, Hencage, bora January 7th, 1746-7, married in 1768, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Musgrave, Bart.; and two dsughters; Catharine, born July 27ih, 1741, married to Charles Chester, Esq. next brother 10 the first Lord Bagot: and Ann, born Oct. 8th, 1742, and died July 30th, 1752: the said Heneage departed this life on Aug. 22d, 1759, and his Lady on Nov. 12ih following.

William Legge, third son, born Aug. 1st, 1705, died in his infiincy.

The right hon. Henry Bilson Legge, fourth son, was born March 29th, 17O8: but of him afterwards, under the title of Stawell.

Edward Legge, fifth son, born 1 710, was entered a volunteer on board the Eoyal Oak, on May 31st, 1726, and constituted Lieutenant of the Deptford roan of war, on March 5th, 1733-4. After a gradual rise, he was Commodore of a squadron in the

ilk FEKRAGE OP ENGLAHD.

rWest-Indief , and died there in 1747^'' wheb he was elected meni^

ber of parliament for Portsmouth.

* Robert^ u%th soti, died in his in&ncj.

Their noble &lber^ Wiltiam Earl of Oartmooth, who bed be- faa^d widi the strictest honour and inttgrl^, throo^^MMU tbe whole courM of bis life, deceased at his house on Blackheath, in Kent, on Dec. 15th, 1 750, in the sefentj nintb year of his age, aikl was buried in the Trinitj, Minories; being succeeded in his iionoiirsimd estate by his grandson and heir,

William* second Earl op Daetmovth, who for his more polite education, trafelled through France^ luly, and Germany : and, on his return to England, took the oaths and his seat in the jK>U8e of Peers, on May 3l8t, 1754. His Lordship was sv^om of His Majesty's Privycouncil on July 26tb, 1763; in August fol- lowing, was appointed first Commissioner of Trade and Planta- tions, which he resigned in 1766; in Aug. 1772, was appointed Secretary of State for the Colonics; and on Nov. 10th, 1775, Keeper of the Privy Seal, which he resigned in March i7S2; and on April 12th, 1783, was appointed Lord Stewiuxl of the House- hold, which he resigned in December following.

His Lordship married on January llth» 1655, Frances CatfaA- Irine, only daughter and heir of Sir Charles Gunter Nicholi, Knight of the Bath ; and by her, who died July 24th, 1805, had ismG eight sons and one daughter 3 viz.

1. George, third Earl.

2. William, born Feb. 4th, 1757, died Oct. igih, 1784.

3. Charles Gunter, bom May 18th, 1759, died October lltfa, 1785.

4. Heneagc, bom May 7th, 1761, died at Weymouth, Sept. 2d, 1782 3 buried in tbe Trinity, Minories, London.

§. Henry, born Jan. 23d, 1765.

6. Arthur ELaye, bom Oct. 25th, 1766; made U VoBt Captain in the Navy 1/93.

7. Edward, born Dec. 4tb, 1767, in holy orders, LLJD. Dean of Windsor, and Registrar of the Order of the Garter.

8. Augustus George, bora April 21st, 17/3, in holy orders. Chaplain in Ordinary to his Majesty, Rector of Wonslow, Hants; and Vicar of Lewisbam, Kent; married, Dec. 15tb, 1795, Ho- nora Bagot, daughter of the late reverend Walter Bagot, bro- ther to the first Lord Bagot, by whom he has issue. .

• Brit. PtfUReg. n. 157.

LEGGIE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. ns

9. Lady Charlotte, bora Oct: «th, 177^ S married, Sept;24tb, 1795, Charles Duncombe, Esq. of Danoombe Park, m Yorkabire, and has issue.

His Lordship was also President of the London DispenMiy | Vke President of the Foundling and Lock Hospitals; Recoiderof Lichfield^ LL.D. and F.R.S.

He died July 15tb, 1801, and was snccceded by his eldest sonv

Gboeob, thibd Earl of Dahtmooth, bom Oet. 3d, I76S. He was elected M. P. for Plymouth, 1778; and for the ootmy of Stafford, in 1783 ; was made one of the Gentlemen of the Bed- chamber to the Prince of Wales, in May 1782 5 and Warden of the Stannaries in 1789. In 1801, he was appointed President of the Boaid of Controul; and in 1602, Lord Steward of the House- hold, which he held till 1804.

His Lordship was called up by writ to the house of Peers, ^ Baron Dartmouth, during his father's life, June l6th, 1801,

His Lordship married, on Sept. 24th, 1782, Lady Frances Finch^ sister to the present Earl of Aylesford, by whom he has had issue,

1. Frances-Catharine, bom 1783, died 1789.

2. William Viscount Lewisham, born Not« 29th, 1784.

3. George, bom 17865 died 1789.

4. Louisa, born March 6th» 1787, married, Feb. 17th, 1807«. William Lord Bagot.

5. Hcneagc, bora Feb. gth, 1788.

6. Charlotte, bora Feb. 12th, 1789-'

7. Henrietta, bora Sept. 7th, 1790.

8. Barbara-Maria, born Nor. 29ih, l/pi*

9. Catherine-Charlotte^ bom and died J 793.

10. Georgiana-Caroline, bora May 14lh, 1795.

11. Mary, born June 3d, 179^.

12. Anne, bora Aug. 14th, 1 797.

13. Charles, born Jan. 26th, 1799-

14. Arthur-Charles, born June 2ath, 1800.

His Lordship is Lord Chamberlain to the King, and an official Trusteeof the British Museum, K. G. F.R.A. and L.S.

Titles.} George I cggc. Earl of Dartmouth, Viscount Lewis* ham, and Baron of Dartmouth.

Creations,'] Baron of Dartmouth, iq Devonshire, by letters patent, Dec. 2d (1682) 34 Car. IL Viscount Len'isham, in Kent, and Earl of Dartpiouth aforesaid, Sept. 5th (1711), 10 Qucca Anne.

124 FEEAAGE OF ENGLAND.

jirms,'] Axnre, a Bock*s Head, cabpited, Argent

CresQ In a dnca] Coronet^ Or. a Pltune of fife Ostrich Fea« thcrs, party per pale. Argent and Aiurc.

Supporters.'] On the dexter side, a Lion Aigent, semee of Fleon de Lis, Sable, and crowned, with the Crest« On the sinis- ter, a Buck Argent, semee of Mullets, Gules*

Moito,'] Gavdbt TBirrAMfM£ Virtus.

CkitfSeat.^ At Sand well-hall, in Staibrdsbirei and at Black* heathy in Kent

^^^u'

BENNET EARL OF TANKER VILLE. 125

BENNET EARL OF TANKERVILLE.

Of this family; aDcieDtly seated in Berkshire, was John Bennett who. in 1433^* was returned among the Gentlemen of that couniy, who made oath for the observance of the laws then made for tbemselfes and retainers.

In ^ AU-hallows churchy in Walliogford,<: Berkshire, now en- tirelj palled down, was a monnment with this incription :

" Tkii is the monument of Thomas Bennet, of Clapcot, Esq. who had issue Thomas Bennet, Knight^ Citizen, and Alderman ^ London^ his third sonne, who gave twenty pounds yearly for ever toffteen poor people of the town of fFatlingford.'*

This Thomas Bennet, of Clapcot, Esq. had issue, by Anne his wife, daughter of Molines, of Mackney, in com. Oxon,

Richard Bennet, his son and heir, and

Thomas Bennet, his third son. Sheriff of London, anno 1594, and Lord Mayor in l603, **in which year, on July 24th, he re- ceived the honour of Knighthood at Whitehall. He purchased the roaoor of Bechamptou, in the county of Bucks, in 16QQ, and died 1626 i leaving issue, by Msry his wife, daughter of Robert Taylor, Sheriff of London, 34 Eliz. three sons ; Simon, Rjchard, lod John, which last died without issue ; and two daughters ; Anne, married to William Duncorab, of Brickbill, in Bucking- haxcshire, Esq. and Margaret, to Sir George Crook, Knt. Justico of the Common Pleas. Simon, the eldest son, seated at Becharop« too, in Back'mghamsbire, was created a Baronet, on July 17th,

a Fuller's Worthirs in Berksh. ^ Ei Collect. GiTf. King. Lane. Fecial^ but in Ashmole'i Berkshire, it it olkd St. Mary's Church.

c Sir Thomas Hope, who died 1646, ancestor ->f Lord Hoptoan, married £U« labcib, daoghtef of John Bennet, of Willi ngford, Esq.

d FbilpoiS Cat. of Kn'ghf, p. 25.

13« rEBA&GB OF ENGLAND.

l6%7, and was buried at BecbhaiDptoo, Aug. 22d, l63\, withooT issoe, bjr his wife, Elizabeth^ daughter of Sir Arthur logram, Knt. Bicbard, the second son, was an emioent merchaot of London, and had issue, b^ Elizabeth bis wife, daughter of Wil- liam Cradock, of StalTordshire, Esq. (after his decease, remarried to Sir Heneage Finch, Knt Recorder of London), Simon Bennet, of Bechampton^ in the count/ of Bucks, Esq, his son and heir (as likewise heir to his uncle. Sir Simon, Bart.) who died "* 20th Aug. 1682, and is buried at Bechampton, leaving is&ue, by his wife Grace, daughter of Gilbert Moorwood, of London, Merchant, three daughters, bb coheirs ; viz. Elizabeth, married to Edward Osborne, Lord Latimer, eldest son of Thomas Eari of Danby, but died without issue; Grace, wedded to John Bennet, of Abing<- ton, in Cambridgeshire, Esq. 5 and Frances, espoused to James Cecil, Earl of Salisbury, whose widow she died, July 8th, and was buried July 15th, 1713, in the Church of St. Giles's in the Fields, London.

I now return to Richard Bennet, eldest son and heir of Tho- mas Bennet, of Clapcot, first mentioned. He married ^Elizabeth* daughter of Thomas Tlsdale, of Deanly, in the county of Berks, Esq. and had issue,

1. Ralph, his son and heir, firom whom those of Moreden, in Surry, derive their descent j

2. Sir John Bennet, Knt. ancestor to the present Earl of Tan- kervflle 5

3. Thomas, Alderman of London, Sheriff in l6l3; who, dyings in 1622, left issue a daughter, 'Rebecca, who married Sir Bui* strode Wbitlock, Knt. who was created Lord Whitlocfi, by O. Cromwell, and two sonsj whereof, Richard, the eldest, by his first wife, left an only daughter, Jane, married to James Scuda- more, eldest son and heir of John Lord Scudamore ; likewise, by his second wife, had an only daughter, Dorothy, married to Sir Henry Cape), KAight of the Bath, created Lord Capel, of Tewks- btiry ; but died in 1721, without issue. Thomas, the second sod of the said lliomas, was seated at Baberham, in Cambridgeshire, and was created a Baronet, on Nov. 22d, 166O: but this title be^ came extinct May 23d, 17OI, by the death of Sir Hichard Bennet, Bart, who left an only daughter and heir^ Judith, who died Julj

* Wilfib's History of Buckingham, p. 146. ,• Visitation of Sorry, anno 1623, MS. f Lives of L3rd Chinccliors. -

r

BENNJET EARL OF TANK^KVILLE. i^

6th, 1713, aged iwelre yean and six n^anths^ and Iks bnrlod «| fiaberbam.

Sir JoBir Bennct, Knt. second son of Hicbard Benoet, waa seated at Dawlej, in the coaaty of Middlesex, and was spfeatpd

00 Jnly 6tb, 156Q, Doctor of Laws> by the University of Oxford, having been, in 1^85, one of the. Proctors there. He was after- wards Vicar*general in spirituals to the Archbishop of York, and Prebendary of Lang toft , in the church of York. In 42 Ellz. bearing the title of Doctor of Laws, he was ^ in commisnon with the Lord Keeper Egerton, the Lord Treasurer Buckhurst, and several other Noblemen, for the suppression of heresy, He was also, in the 4Bd of that rdgn, returned to Parliament for the city of Ycnrk ; and was a leading member of the bous^ of Commons, as appears £Fom several of his speeches (9s also, conferences with the L(M:d6), in Townshend*s ColUcii<mi, He was also one of the learned Council in the Northern Court ^ at Y<xk, in 16 and 41 Elia. and

1 Jac. L from whom he received ^ the honour of Knighthood, en July 23d, 1003, at Whitehall $ and in that reign, was ^made Chancellor to Queen Anne (cpnsort of Kii^ James), Judge of the prerogative court of Canterbury, and Chancellor to the Arch- bishop of York. In l(3l7, he was sent Ambassador to Brussels, to question the Archduke in behalf of his master the King of Great Britain^ concerning a libel wrote and published^ as it was sopposed,' by Erycius Puteanus^ who neither apprehended the author^ nor suppressed the book, until he was solicited by the King's Agent there -, only interdicted it, and suffered the author to fly his dominions.°> In 1620, being entitled Judge of the pre- rogative court of Canterbury, be was in a special commission with the Archbishop of Canterbury, and other Noblemen, to put in execotion the laws against all hieresies, gretft errors in matters of faith and religion, &c. And the same year, bearing the title of Chancellor to the Archbishop of York, he was coinmissioned with the Archbishop of York^ and others, to execute ^11 manner of ecclesiastical jurisdiction within the province of York. This Sir John Benuet, who died, A. D. 1627, in the parish of Christ- fJiurch, London, manied Anne, daughter of Christopher Week^i

S Wood'i Fait. Oxon," Vol. I. p. 763. • * Rymer*! Forf. Tom. XVII, p. 386. * Dr*kc'i E1>orKom, p. 3C9,

^ Philpot's Car, p, 13, 1 Wood't Fast. Pn»d.

B Wood's F^t. I. 138, where it it recorded, that he was fined 20,000 1. and deprived of hit place, for conropuon^ &€. See also Camden't Ann. Rrg. J«c. aaoo 162X9 162ft.

r

126 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

of Salisbui7> in Wilts, Esq, ; and by her" (who departed this life on Feb. 9th, 1001 , and was buried in the cathedral of York, where a monament is erected to her memory), bad four sons, and two daughters*

His eldest son and successor was Sir John Bennet, of Dawley.

Sir Thomas Bennet, Knt. second son. Doctor of the Civil Law; and Master in Chancery, married, • first, Charlotte, daughter of William Harrison, of London, by whom he had two daughters who died unmarried $ but by bis second wife, Thomasine, daugh- ter and coheir of George Dethick, Esq. Counsellor at Law, son of Sir William Dethick, Garter King of Arms, son and heir of Sir Gii- hcrt Dethick, be had issue Thomas Bennet, of Salthorp, in cook Wilts, Esq. who married Martha, daughter of John Smith, of Tidworth, in com. Souihamp. Esq. ) and had a daughter, Jane, married to Sir Thomas Gerard, of Lamer, Bart. 3 Matthew, third . «on of Sir John Bennet, died unmarried.

And several other children, seated at Salthorp, in Wilts.

The eldest son. Sir John Bennet, of Dawley ,' received the honour of Knighthood in the lifetime of his father, at Theobalds, oU' June 15th, 1616. He married Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Crofts, of Saxham, in the county of Suffolk, Knt. by whom he bad issue six sonsj John, his son and heir;

Henry, second son, created Baron of Arlington by letters patent March J 4th, 1 663, Viscount Thetford, in the county of Norfolk, and Earl of Arlington by Charles IL on April 22d, ^672 $ he was likewise Knight of the Garter, and Lord Chamberlain to the King t he married Isabella, daughter of Lewis de Nassau, Lord of Beaverwaert, and Count of Nassau, by whom he had issue an only daughter and heir, Isabella, successor to her father*s titles according to the limitations in the several patents ; which titles are now enjoyed by his Grace the Duke of Grafton, by virtue of his descent trom this Lady, who, on Aug. Ist, I672, became the wife of Henry Fitx-Roy, natural son lo King Charles II. after- wards created Duke of Grafton, &c. The Eari of Ariington <i died July 28ih, 16S5, aged $Ixty-seven > and was buried at Eoston, iq Suffolk.

Rfibcrt^ third son, who died without issue.

* Dt. icc'i Kb«iicuin, p. ff I. • E« Collect. Or«g. King. Lane. Fecial,

f Philpofs Cat. of Knights, p. 51. t Se? » Juil Account vf Lord Arlington in ail our hUto/i«;a; and in darendoni

|ij£i ijid BtuiiCL's O^n Timei.

BENNET EARL OF TANKBRVILLE. 129

CbirleS) fomth son, wlio^ marrying Axme, daughter of Bic^d Wigmore, of Upton-court^ in Herefordshire^ Esq. had issue oi^e aooy and two daughters.

Ihomas, the fifth, and Edward the siiith sod, both died issue- less«

He bad aloo two daughters ^ Dorothy, married to Benjamin Ba« coo, c^ London, Merchant : and Elizabeth, wedded to Sir Robert Carr, of Sleeford, in Lincolnshire, Bart.

Which JoBN, FiftST P&£B, the eldest son of Sir John, was made Knight of the Bath at the coronation of Charles IJ. and was Lieutenant, and afterwards Captain, of the Band of Rsnsion* ecs, in tbaf, reign. And his Majesty taking into consideration ' the constant and faithful services performed to Charles I. bi$ royal father, of blessed mensory, in the rebellious times $ as also to himself, by John Bennet, of Harlington, in the county of Mid- dlesex, whom, at his coronation, he create^) Knight of the honourable order of the Bathj in further augmentation of his honour, did, by letters patent, bearing date on Nov. 24th, l6S2, advance him to the degree and dignity of a Baron tf this realm, by the title of Lord Ossulston, Baron of Osstdstou, the name of one of the hundreds in the county of Middlesex. His Lord- ship having been a Gentleman Commoner of Pembroke College, Oxford, contributed largely towards the building thereof, and gave a fellowship thereto. He * died 1O88, in the seventieth year oi his age, leaving one son, and two daughters^ and was buried in Harliogtoii church, in com. Middlesex i whereof he was pa- troo, and where a monument is erected to hb memory. He married two wives }^ 1. Elizabeth, Countess of Mulgrave, daogh- ler of Lioqel Cran^eld, Earl of Middlesex; and, %. Bri<%et, daughter of John Howe, of Langar, in the county of Nottinghao^ Esq. and sister to Scroop, Lord Viscount Howe, in Ireland : and by the last had issue only, as above.

The son was Chaxlss, who succeeded him in honour and estales and the daughters were, Dorothy, who died unmarried; and An- oabcll, wedded to John Cecil, Earl of Exeter,; she died in August; lijgs, and was buried at St Martins, in Stamford, com. Line.

Which CUAKLES, SECOND LoRD OsSULSTOV, Sud FIRST ExRt,

r II Bill ^gm 34 Car. II. • Inicrii^. Toniftli ftpiid HtrliofM*

t Sir John Beonet, K. B. tad Elizabeth, Countess of Mulgrave, were married, iSih October, 1661, at St. Andrew Undershaft, in Leadenhall Street. Ei. Par Rtg.

VOL, ir. K

190 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

took his place in. the * boose of Peers, on Dec. I2ih^ i6Q5 ; • and was created Eial op Tankbrtillb, by letters patent dated Oct. IQtb^ J714. On Dec. gtb, 1715, he was constituted, by his Ma« jesty. Chief Justice and Justice in Eyre of all the forests, chases, parks, and warrens, Soath of Trent : and on Feb. 27th, 1720-21, was made a Knight of the most ancient and noble order of St. Andrew, or the Thistle. In July, 16^, he married the Lady Mary, only daughter of Ford, Lord Grey of Wark, Earl of Tan^ "kervilU, by his wife, the Lady Mary, fburth daughter of George Earl of Berkeley : by which Lady, who died on May 31st, 171O, he had issue four sons, and three daughters, viz.

Charles Earl of Tankerville; John, who died an infant, Heary, and <yrey, who.died unmarried.

Lady Bridget, married May 26th, 1716, to John Wallop, Lord Viscoont Lymington, first Earl of Portsmouth, and died on Oct. 12th, 1738: Lady Annabella, wedded to William Paulet, Esq. eldest son of the Lord William JPaulet, and died his widow, No- vember \7Gg1 and Lady Mary, married, on Aug. 6th, 1729, to William Wilmer, of 8ywell, in com. Northampton; and died on May 24th, 1729.

The said Charles, Eari of Tankerville, departed this life fai th« fortyeighth year of his age, on May 21st, 1722, and was suc- ceeded by Charles, his eldest son and heir.

Which Charles, second Earl of Tankerville, on Feb. 28th, 17^8-9, was appointed one of the Gentlemen of the Bed- chamber to his Boyal Highness Frederick Prince of Wales j and on May l6th, 1730, was invested with the ensigns <A the most ancient and noble order of St. Andrew, or the Thistle. In Sep- tember, 1731, he was appointed Captain of the Yeomen of the Guards; and resigning this post, in 1733> was made Bfaster of the Buck'hounds. After which he was appointed,.in June, 1737, one of the Lords o( the Bedchamber to the King, which be soon after resigned. On May Ist, 1740, he was sworn Lord-Lieute- nant of the county of Northumberland, and of the town and oooDty of Newcastle upon Tyne. His Lordship married Camilla, daughter to Edward Colvile, of Whitehouse, in the bishopric of Durham, Esq. af^er one of the Ladies of the Bedchamber to her Ute Majesty Queen Caroline; and lastly to the Princess Augusta, afterwards Princess of Brunswick; and by her Ladyship, who

* Joaro. Dom. Procer.

BENNIT EARL OF TANKERVILLE. l3l

«ahri?cd till October ath, 1775, ijed 105, he bad issue two sons, md one dangbter.

1. Chailes, Lord Ossoliton;

2. George, born in 1727, to whom his late Majcstj was god- father; and

Lady Camilla, married, on Jan, 11th, 1754, to Gilbert Fane Flenoing, Esq. son of Gilbert Fleming, Esq. She married, sc- eoodly, Qih Oct. 1779, *o Mr. Wake, of Bath, in Somersetshire j and died, Feb. 7th, 1765.

His Lordship was taken suddenly ill, on the road from Aldbo- rongh-hateh, in Essex, Jto London, on March 14th, 1753 ; and, Botwitfastandifig all possible assistance, died the same night. To kiin succeeded Charles Lord Ossulston, his eldest son.

Which Charles, third Earl op Tavkervillb, had all ad> vantages of education, and set out on his' travels in May, 17^4} and whilst abroad, was made an ^nsign in tbe third regiment of Foot-guards, in October, the same year. In 1736, he returned to England, and on Sept. 1st, 1739, a company in Genera) Went- worth's regiment of foot was conferred on him. In 1740, bis Lordship embarked in the expedrtion to tbe West-Indie), under tbe command of John Lord Cathcart ; and being with his Ma- jesty's forces before Carthagena, was at the attack of Fort St. Lanrre, on April ^d, 174] ; and behaving with great intrepidity, be was, on the 30th of tjie same month, constituted Major of tht regiment commanded by Colonel CotterdL On April 11th, 1743, his Majesty was pleased to appoint him Lieutenant colonel, with tiie conmiand of a company in the first regiment of Foot-guards ; in 1748, he was fleeted Knight of the fihire for the county of Mortiinmberland, and on sncceeding his father, he took his place 10 tbe boose of Pfeers, on March 28th. 1753.

His Lordship married, on Sept. 23d, 1742, Alicia, third daugh* ter, and coheir of Sir John Asiley, of Patesbull, in Staffordshire, Bart, by whom he had issue three sons, 1. Charies-Bennet, the fttaaat Earl of Tankerville 3

2. John Grey Bennet, who died an infant : and,

3. Henry-Astley Bennet, bom on April 3d, 1757, a Lieutenant- feoenl in the army, and first Lieutenant-colonel of tbe 85th Re- giment of Foot.

Hii Lordship had also two daughters 5 viz. Lady Camilla-Eli- nbeth, bom March 22d, 1746-7, married, in 1764, Count Dun- MF, a PoUih Nobleman -, and wu left a widow, September 6th, 17C4.

13) P£ERA6£ OF £NGLAND.

2. Lady Franoet-Alicia married, first, William Aslong, Esq. -, secondly, in 1781> Rev. Richard Sandys; thirdly. Rev. £dward Beckingbam Benson, Rector of Deal> in Kent, since deceased.

His Lordship died Odober 27tb, 1767, and was succeeded by his eldest son,

Charlbs, fourth and present Earl of Tanker ville, who was born Nov. 15th, 1743, and married Oct. 7th, 1771, by a special licence, at Gatton, in Surrey, to Emma, youngest daugh* ter and coheir of the late Sir James Colebrooke, of London, Bart, by whom he has issue Charles-Augustus, Lord Ossulston, bom Apxa 28, 1776, married July 28, 1806, Mademoifelle de Gta^ mont, daughter of the Duke de Gramont, and granddaughter of the Duke de Polignac. He is M. P. for Knaresborougb } and held the office of Treasurer to his Majest)'*s Houlhold during the late short administration:

2. Henry Grey Rennet, bom Dec. 2, 1777; wid in I8O6, wa^ elected M. P. for Knaresborougb.

3. John Astiey Bendet, bom Dec. 21, 1778, a Captain in tbe Navy.

4. Lady Caroline, bom Oct. 2, 1772, married 1795, Sir John Wrottcsley, Bart.

5. Lady Anna, bom April 28, 17/4, married July 18, 1804> the Rev. William Beresford, youngest son of the Archbishop (^ Tuam.

6. Lady Margaret Alicia Emma, bora May 21, 1780.

7. Lady Mary Elizabeth, born March 24, 178S.

8. Lady Augusta Sophia, bom Nov. 27, 1787.

His Lordship, on April 13, ] 762, was appointed Joint Post^ master General, and was swom of the Privy Council, Sept, 2; following; but resigned his office April 10, 1783, and was agaio appointed during the short administration of the fbllowiog year.

Titles. Charies Bennet, Earl of TankerviUe, and Baron of Ossulston.

Creations. Baron Ossulston, of Ossulston, in com. Middlesex, Nov. 24th (1682), 34 Car. IL Earl of TankerviUe (a castle in the duchy of Normandy), Oct. 19th (1714) 1 George I.

jirms. Gules, a Bezant between three Demi-Uons, rampant. Argent.

Crest. On a wreath, a scaling-ladder. Or j which is an^ancieot •rest c£ the Grqr femily : but sometimes they used the followk^g

BENNAT earl of TANKERVILLE. 133

—On a wreath ^ a t>emi*LioB, rampant. Argent, the head, Goks, holdiDg in, bis paws a Beflmtj and sometilnes out of a moral coronet. Or, a'^Lion's head. Odes, charged with a Bezant on his neck.

Supporters. Two Lions, Argent, eadi charged on its shonlder with a Bezant, and crowned docally. Or.

Motto, Haud facilb Embrount* But his Lordship now chuses the motto of his great grand- father. Ford Lord Grej, Earl of Tankerville, viz.

D9 BON VoULOIR SERTIR LB RoT.

Chief Seats. At Chillingham castle, in Northumberland) and Dawnej Courts in Bockinghamshire,

134 P£ERAG£ OF ENGLANIX

FINCH EARL OF AILESFORD.

I AM now to treat of Hembaoi Fincb» Lord Guenisey, Earl of Ailesford^ aecond son of Heneage, Earl of Nottiaghan : wlMcii- HeneagCy Earl of Ailesford/ after bis education ui Christ clKircb». in Oxford, was entered in the Ini»er-Temple, for the study of the laws; wherein he was sueh a proficient, that, on Jan. I3tb, IdJS, be^ was constituted bis Majesty's Solicitor-general; from whicb office be was removed by James IL on April 2l8t^ i6q6.

He was afterwards the principal of those eminent cemisel who .pleaded in behalf of the seven Bishops, who were tried on Jan«- 29th» in Trinity-term, 1688, for refusing to authorise the reading King James*8 declaration for abrogating the test and penal bws, and on that account were committed to the Tower. On which occasion *=Mr. Finch argued strenuously against their comout- ment, and the power of the King in dispensing with the hwt mentioned in that declaration : and that the Lords the Bishops could not in prudence, honour, or conscience, so far make them- selves parties to it, a» the solemn publication thereof in the time of divine service (as they were commanded), must amount to.

He was elected, for the University of Oxford, to that Parlin- ment which met at Westminster, on March 6th, 16/8-9 i and returned a member for the borough of Guilford, in Surry, to that which met on May J 9th, 1685.^ Also chosen for the University of Oxford, in the Convention Parliament -, and in all the subse- quent Parliaments whilst be continued a Commoner, except in- the 10th of Will. in. when, by reason of his ill state of healthy he declined being elected.

• Wood's Athene Oxon. Vol, II. p. 540. »» Dugdale'i Chrcn. Scries:

c Trial of the sev( ft Bishopi. «» Willis's NotJtia Purl. M.S.

FINCH EABL OF AILESFOHD. IM

Id Augutt» 1702, tbe Istof Queeo Aone/ he was dbolen to cooopKoaent hex Majesty on the part of the Umveraitj, oo her coming to the city of Oxford ; and in coQsideration of hb great merits and abilities/ was created Bakon op GuBairsBY (an iihmd on the French coast belonging to the county of Sontbaropton), by letters patent dated on March idth^ 1 702-3,9 and was sworn of the Privy-council,** on the 20th.

On the accession of George L he was created Earl op Ailbs* FOBo, by letters patent, dated Oct. 19th, 1714$ being the same jear constituted Chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, and sworn of the Privy council. Which office his Lordship resigned on Feb. 29th, 171^-16. And departing this life on July 32d, 1710, was buried at Ailesford in Kent.

His Lordship married Elizabeth, daughter and one of the co* hdrs of Sir John Banks, of Ailesford, in the county of Kent, Bart. Bj her Ladyship^ who died Sept. 1st, 1743, he had issue nine children,

1. Lady Elizabeth, who waa.married to Robert Bensoo^ Lord Bingley, and died on Feb. 20th, 17^7» *g^ eighty.

2. Lady Mary, who died unmarried in Feb. 1734^5.

3. Lady Anne^ married to Willuun Earl of Dartmouth, died 80th Nov. 17^1.

4. Heneage, second Earl of Ailesford.

5. The hon. John Fmch, who was r^urned member for the borough of Maidstone, to the Parliament summoned to meet on May 10th, 1722 5 also chosen in the succeeding Parliaments to the time of his decease. On April 30th, 1726, be married Elisa- beth, daughter and heir of John Savile, of Methley-hall, in York* shire, Esq. and deceasing on Jan. 1st, 1739 40, left issue (by her, who died Oct. 28th, 1767), a daughter Mary, and one son, Savile Finch, Esq. married to Judith, daughter of John Fullerton, of Dorsetshire, Esq. He was member of Parliament for Maidstone, 1755, and forMalton, 1761,1768, 1774, i;80i which he va- cated immediately after, to make way for Edmund Burke.

6. Lady Martlia died unmarried in Jan. 17^0.

7. Lady Frances, married, on Oct.'l6tb, 1716, to Sir John Bland, of Kippaxpark, in com. Ebor. Bart, and died 17^9.

8. The hon. Henry Finch, who died on July 15ih, 2757, un- married.

c Aniia!sof Q;ieen Anne. ^ Pat. 2 Qjieen Anne*

K See Buftet'f 0,T. If. 344. '^ Pointer'* Chron. p. 485.

196 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

9. Lady Essei ciecei^sed^ unmarifed, 1744.

HtNBAGB, 8BC0ND Earl of Ai(.B8ford, was coQstitoted Master of tbe Jewe!-of6ce» on Jtine lltb, 17 n» aiid continiiecl in tbe same place undrr George I. till be voluntarily resigned it, when his father quitted bis place of Chancellor of tbe duchy of Lancaster. His Lordsbip, whilst a Commoner^ was elected one of the Knights for the county of Surry, in tbe gth and 12th year* of Oueen Anne ; also in the first year of her snccessor, till he succeeded his father in J 719* And having married Mary, dau|hter and heir of Sir Clement Fisher, of Fackington, in com. Wai^r. Burt, had issue one son, and four daughters ; Heneage, late Earl of Ailesford; Lady Anne; Lady Mary,* married to William, Lord Viscount Andover, son and heir of Henry Bowes, Earl of Suffolk and of Berkshire } Lady Elizabeth; and Lady Frances* married, on April 2d, 1741, to Sir William Coortenay, of Pow* derbam-castle, in Devonshire, afberwards created A^scount Conr- tenay, and died December jpth, 1751. His Lady, the Countess of Ailesford, died at Batb, in May, 1740; and he himself, on June 29th, 1757.

His Lordship's son and successor, Hbmbaob, third Eari. o9 AiLESFORo, WRS bom November, 171^9 elected, in 1739, one of tbe Knights for tbe county of Leicester; and in tbe suc- ceeding Parliameot, 1741, and in 1754, was chosen for Maid- stone in Kent. His Lordship was LL.D. He married, on October 6th f 1750, Lady Charlotte Seymour, youngest daughter of Charles Duke of Somerset, by his second wife, the Lady Charlotte Finch, daughter of Daniel Earl of Wincbdsea and Nottingham; and by her was father of eight sons.

1, Heneage, bis successor.

2. Charles, bom. June 4,^752, of Voylas, Derbyshire, elected M. P. for Castle Rising, 1774, and for Maidstone, 1777; married, December 28th, 1778, eldest daugbter and coheu* of Watkin Wynne, Esq. of Denbighshire, by whom he has a son, born Fe- bruary, 178O,

. 3. William Clement, born May 27th, 1758, an Admiral in the Navy, seated at Albury, in Suny, elected M. P. for that county, 1790 5 and died in September, 1794; married, August 2d, 1789, Miss Bitmncker of St. Christopher's, by whom he had five children; viz. a son, who died an infiint* in Febmary, 17gi;

i Lateljr deceased.

FINCit EARL OF AILESPORD. iSf

'Wniiam; Mary; Heoeage; and a daughter, bern September, 1794. His widow is reinarried*

4. Lady Charlotte, bom May 13th, 1754; married, Augoit 14th, 1777, Henry Howard, twelfth Earl of Suffolk and Berks.

5. Edward, bom Apnl 26th| \7S6, who has represented the town of Cambridge in six Parliaments -, is a Groom of the King*f Bedchamber, and a Lieutenant General in the Army, and Major of the Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guasds.

6. Danid, B. D. Prebendary of Gloucester, bora April 3d, 1757.

7. Seymour, boro June lltb, 1758, died Februaiy 2d, 1794. 8* Heory-Alliogtoo, bora Februaiy 26th> I76i, died Novem- ber 19th, 178O.

9. Lady Frances, born Febraary 9th, 1761 5 married, Septem- ber 24th, 1782, George, present Earl of Dartmouth.

.10; Lady Maria Elizabeth, boro October 7th, 17661 and died December ipih, 1793.

11. Lady Henrietta Constantia, boro June 3d, 176^.

His Lordship died at his house in Grosvenor Square, May 9tb,

1777 ) and his Countess on and was succeeded by his

eldest son,

HsxsAOB, present and foubth Earl op Ailesfoko, bom July ]5tb, 17^1* While a Commoner, he represented the bo- rough of Maidstone in Parliament. In December 1777> he was appointed a Lord of the Bedchamber, which he resigned in 1 783, when he was appointed Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard. Which office he retained till 1804; when he was nominated Lord Steward of the Household. He is also Judge of the Marshalsea Court, and a Trustee of the Brtish Museum.

He married, November 18th,17$l, £ouisaTbynne, daughter of the late Marquis of Bath ; by whom (who died Jan. l6th, 1797) be has had issue two daughters, who ^ed infants.

3. Charles Lord Guernsey, died July 18th, 17S4.

4. A daughter, bora January 31st, 1765.

5. Lord Guernsey, bora Febraary 23d, 1789* M.P. for

Wcoblcy.

6. A son, born 1792.

7. A son, bora 179^; a Midshipman on board the Tigre man of War, arc. &c.

Tiiirs, Heneage Finch, Earl of Ailesford, and Baron of Guernsey.

138 PEKBAGE OF ENGLAND.

Creations. Baron of Guernsey, lu cam. Soutbaqipt. bjr letters patent^ beariog date on March 15 Lb, l7Q2-3> and £arl of Aile»- ford, in Kent, October igih, l/U, 1 George I.

Jrms. Argent, a chevron between three griphoM passant sable.

CresL On a Wreath, a Griphoo passant. Sable.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a Griphon, Sable, gorged with a ducal Collar, Or; and on the sinister, a Lion of the second^ ducallj^ gorged. Azure.

Motto. Aperto vitebb voto.

Chief Seats. At Ailesford, in the county of Kent; at Albury* in the county of Surry | and at Packington, in the county of Warwick,

HEUVIY EARL OF BBfSTOL. UO

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL.

Thi surname of Hervcy, or Harrejr, written ancientlx with Fita (i.e. son of Harvcj), is derived from Robert Fitx-Harvej^. a joQoger son of Harvey Duke of Orleans^ who is recorded among those valiant comraaoders/ who accompanied William the Con- qaevor m bis vsE^odition into this kingdom^ in lOQ6, and were rewarded by him widi knda, Bcc.

This Robert Fits-fiarvey bad severid sons; one of tbem,^ Ro- bert, writing himself Son of Hervey, gave lands to the Abbot of Abiogton, which Henry I. confirmed. likewise, in the same i«ign lived Hervey,^ who, being Bishop of Bangor, was translated to the bishopric of Ely, and made the first Bishop of that see, 1 109, wherein he sat twenty-two years, departing this life on August 30th, 1131.

Of the same lineage was Count Hervey, a Briton, a fiimout soldier,^ and Goveriior of the castle of the Devites, in the reign of King Stephen, which he held out against the Bad of Glou- cester, and powerfully assisted that king in his wars with Maud, the Empress -, but was at length forced to retire beyond the seas with a few attendants.

After him was Hbitby de Yuon, who married a daughter of William Goieth, that died in his journey to the Holy Land.* Which Hervey delivered certain castles in France unto Henry IL

« Stofw't Annalt, edit. 16 14. p. 104, io7* k Mon. Anf . Vol. II. p. io6. « Goodwin'i Cat. of Bishops, p. 201

I T)rrers Httt. of £ng. Vol 1. p. 69. e Holinshfd's Chron. Vol. III. p. 75.

140 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

despairing to keep them against Theobald Eari of Chartres, who, by aid of the French King, sought to dispossesf him in 1 l6g. He afterwards accompanied King, Henry in his conquest of Ireland^ as appears by the roll collected by WiUiam Camden^ in his ob- servations of Ireland.

Our genealogists agree^ that Henry was son of the said Hanrej de Yuon -, and I find his name among other pdrsotts of note, who were witnesses to Roger de Clare's grant to Rieraulx* Abbey/ io com. Ebor. in ligO, being styled Hen. fil. Harveiv This Henry« embarked for the Holy Land with Richard I. who, in that ex- pedition, subdued the isle of Cyprus, restored to the Christians the city of Joppa,** and in many battles put the Turks to flight. He was held in much esteena by King John, as^ appears by his grant to him of the forestership of New-forest, Achilles Garth, and other lands. Ry his wife, Alice, daughter to Henry, son of I?o> he had issue,

OsBSRT de Hervey,^ who held lands in Helofestune^ as is eri* dent by the roister of the monastery of St. Edmandsbory, fbl. 174. b. and bdog sQrled son of Hervey^* is roentiooed as one df the King's Justices at Norwich, with Roger le Bigot, in *the 8d year of the reign of Richard I. as idso ^ one of the Justices itino- lant at Huntingdon, on the ootav^ of the Assumption of tho VirgiD Mary^ the same year; ftnd fines were levied before him* to the octaves of St. Martin, in the 7th of King John, when he departed this life, leaving iasne by his vri£t, Dyonisia, daughter of Jefiery de Gr^, Adam, his s<m and heir, under age.

Which AoAM de.Hervey was in ward to Henry IIL end bf his appointnoent (as was usual in those times), was married to ^Juliana, daughter of John de Fitsbugh, by whom he had issue

John de Hervey, his* son and heir, who, by marrying Joan^r daughter and heir of John Harman, or (as others) Hanunon, of Thurley, in Bedfordshire, became possessed of that lordship, which he made his principal residence : and departed this life in 21 Ed- ward L ^ leaving issue,

1* John, his son and heir.

f Mon. Ang. Vo?. IF* p. 731 t Sfgv*s Baronagium, MS. In Stem, hujus F^m. k Stow's Aooak, p. 1 59. 1 Bx EvW. Ftm.. penes Joh. Com. Bristol.

* Apparatos Gcncal. MS. In Bibl. Harlcy, p. 6^S, I lb. p. 746.

■ Mon. Ang. Vol.11, p. 854. « Dugdalc*! Origin. Jurid. p. 41.

• Scgar pratd. * P Ibid. ^ Ex Stemmate pned.

HERVKY BARI, OF BRISTOL. 141

AikI> 2. R:t)er/ fitocn wbom the Kcrrejt of Nonbamptooahm are ikscended^

Which JoHir Heney, of Thurlqr> Esq. taking to wife Marg»* ret, daughter and heir of Sir Jdin de Nemujtt, of Buroham, iq com. Bnoks (mh of Thomag de Nemoytt/ by Alice his wife^ dai^ter aod hdr of Thoaaas BoeklaiMl, of Bncklaod, in conL DevoD), did thereby greatly iocrease his inheritance, which de- scended to bis son and heir,

JoBV Hervey, who married Matgery, daughter of Sir William OoltlMMrpe. Knt. And in 1389, was ^elected Knight of the shiro for the county of Bedford, in the P^liament then held. In 4 Henry IV. he was authorised,'' with Sir William de Boos, Sir Richard de Grey, aod others of great note, to treat with Owen Glendowr, aod his council, and to conclude with him, what they should conceiTe most expedient to be done, for the redemption of Bq^inald Lord Grey, of Rutbyn, then prisoner with the said Owen. And the King, on December 8th, 1404, ' grants licence ta Gerard Braybioke, Knt. John Hervey, and others, to found a CoMegiale-cbiirch at Northill, in Bedfordshire (in the room of the pansh-chnrch there), to celebrate divine service for the souk of Sir John Traylly, Knt, and Reginald his son, deceased. The lady of Sir John Hervey survived him, and being after wife to Sir John Atgentiae, died in the 5th year of Henry VI. She had, by y her first husband,

1 . Sir Nicholas Hervey, slain at the battle of Tewksbuty, on May 4th, 14? 1, fighting on the part of Prince Bdward, son of Henry VL as also,

2. Thomas Hervey, of Thnrley, Esq. who married Joan, daogfater to William Faston, one of the Jtatices of the King's

. Ben^ (ancestor to the late Earl of Yarmouth), by whom he Imd

JoHv' Hervey, of Thurley, Esq. who, in 146l, had a *" grant £tom the King, of the 0£Bce of Master of his Ordnance, with the wages of two shillings a day for himself, and six-pence a day for his derk -, and six^^pence a day for his other servants in the said (»dke* He t^ok to wife Christian, daughter <^ John Chichley,

» MS. St. George pned. • Jekyll't Lib. Baron. MS, p. 225.

t Pryn*t 4^ Pert of a Brief Reg. p. 392.

« Pat. 4 Henry IV. p. i. m. a9. & Rot. Pari. 4 Hcory IV. n. 13.

< MoB^ Aag. VoL lU. p. 141. X Slow's Aaiuds, p. 434.

s Visit, de Con. Suff. in Bibl. Harley, Not. 5. B, ii«

• Claus. 1. Edwaid IV. a, u

ua r£ERAGE GP ENGLAND.

Arcbbishdp of Cantertmry, fooocler of All^Sools coltege, in Ox- ford, and Cardinal of St. Basebhu. From ikat marriage proceed^ •creral som and daughters, viz. • 1. John Hcrv^, of Tbnricy, Esq.

, 2. John Ueneyp }wawr^ Esq. who married Margaret, davrgh- ter and henr of William Wickbara, relkt of William Pines, LordI Say.

3. Edward Hcrvcf. . 4. Kchard Herref .

tebdla, a nun at BUstoe, in Bedfofdahtrej Anne, Christian, Alite, Margery, and Florence.

JoBir Hcf yey* of Thnrley, Esq. (son and heir of John), waa vedded^ to Alice, danghter of Nicfaolaa Morley, of Qlind, in Soasext and left issue two sons. . 1. Geoige.

And, 2. Thomas Herrey, ancestor to the present Earl of Bristol.

Also a dangfater, Isabel ; first married to Thomas Atdiffe ; se- condly, to John Leigh, of Addington, in Saney, Bsqnires }^ Ac (Bed January 8th, 1544, and lies boned at Addington.

Gbokob Hcrvey, the eldest son, succeeding at Thurley, was twice ^ Sheriff of the counties of Bedford and Buckingham, vitl in 24 Hency VIL and 8th of Henry Vtll. He had a brave spirit, and signalized himself in Several martial exploits, particularly at the sieges of Tetoven and Toumay, and in that battle, which our historians call- the Battle of Spurs, from the swiftness of the French in nuning away,^ on August l6th, 1513. For his valiant behaviour ill these actions, he was knighted by Henry VIII. on October^ 3th, after hSs entrance into Toumay. In 1 520, he "waa retained to attend his Sovereign ' into Prance, with one chaplain, . eleven servants, and eight horses, in his retinue j in which year tlvue was a meeting,* first, of the Emperor Charles V. who came over into Eof^d, and was received by the King at Dover 5 and afterwards, of the Kings and Queens of England and France, at a camp between Guisnes and Aides; and likewise with the^same Emperor, and his aunt the Duchess of Savoy, at C^raveline and Calais.

^ Vittt. de Con. Sutfl p«cd. c Aobny^s Hist, of Surrey, Vol. II. p. 57.

< Fuller*8 Worthiet b Com. Bedford, jp. 124. e Hon. Eqiilt. im Bibl. Cott. Claodiut, c. Ui. p. 91. and JelqrlTa Cat. of Knighu, p.^.

f MS. n(»t.b. 5. in 9ibl» Jeh. Aast's. t Stow't Annals, p. 510.

HERVEY EARL OP BRISTOL. T43

Tbit Sir George Hervej's last will aqd testament bears date on April Jihf 1520, whicb was just before his intended voyage 5 but he did not depart this life till six years after, as should seem ^ by the probate thereof, dated on May 8th, 1526. '' He orders liis body to be buried in the parish church of Thorley, or in the mo* nasteiy of EliQStow, if he should decea<<e there; and that a merbk stone, of the price of four marks, should be laid over the bodies of John Hervey and his wife, one of the daughters and heirs of Sir John Ncmuytt, Knight, who lie there buried. Also, that his executors cause the image of our Lady, that standeth within the chancel of Thurley, to be paints, and provide a new tabernacle to set her in $ and that they find an honest priest for the space of twenty years in the said church, to pray for the souls of his father and mother, and othen his friends.

'' He further directs his executors to uphold his manor-plaee of Thnrley ; and bequeaths to them for the performance of his will, all his manors, lands, and advowsons, in the counties of Huntingdon, Bedford, Bucks, Oxon, and Hertfordshire. He wills his lands in Fleetmarston, to Margaret Smart, for the term tf her life, remmnder to Gbeard her son,^ and the heirs male of his tody: and iq default thereof, to his nephew John Hervey, of Highworth, Esq. He also bequeaths his manor of Thurley to the said Gerard, when he arrives at the age of twenty-five years, provitled he marries by the advice of his executors. Sir William Parr^ Knight, John Hervey, and John Lee, Esquires 3 and ap- pcrfots supervisors of his will. Sir Heory Gray, Knigh^ Sir Ed* niiind Bray, and William Paston, Knights.

Sir George married ^ Elizabeth, daughter of John Stamford, by whom he had an only child, Joan, married to Arthur Walton 1 but it may be presunoed she died befinre her father, and without issue, as she is not mentioned in hb will. "

From the said Gerard, who took the name of Hervey, and wis elected for the town of Bedford, to the Pariiaments in the ' first of Edward VL as also in the reign of Philip and Mary, and was knighted," descended the Herveys of Thurley, in the county qf Bedford. His descendants continued at Thurleigh till the death of John Hervey, Esq. in 1715.'»

k Ex Regtsc. Tocat. Ajloofe, qo. 3. in Car. Proirog. Canr.

^ Of course, Sir George*s illegitimate son.

k Peerage of England, by tiie Rev. Mr. Jacob.

( WilCt's Not. Pari, in eod. Com.

» Visit, de Com. Essex in Bibl. Harlej, nor. 90. s^ 13.

■ I^sOBs's Mag. Brit I. 1403 who adds, that thsy liad preTtous*y sold this

144 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

But the chief heirs male of the ftmily are the Henreys of Higbworth, or Ichworth (as it is now written)^ desceoded from Thomas Hervej^ only brother of Sir Geoige Henrey, beforemen-* tioned : he served Henry VIII. in his wars> and was ^ooe of the council of the ciQr of Toumay, under Sir John Russell (aftef Earl of Bedford)^ the Gorernor, at the time of the delivery of it to the French King, Francis I. in 1^19. He acquired the manor of Ickworth, and other possessions, by marriage with Jane, dangh* ter and heir of Henry Druiy, of Hawsted and Ickworth, &c. Esq, (Which manor of Ickworth anciently belonged to a family of the same name, whereof Thomas Ickworth made his will the Thura* day after St. John Baptist, in 13/3 > and was a benefactor to the repair of the church of Ickworth, to the monks of Thetford, the brethren of Thetford, and the brethren of Bakewell ; and left issue Agnes de Ickworth, his daughter and heir, who was mar- ried to — Drury, of Hawsted.) The said Jane, surviving hin>, was, secondly, married to Sir William Carew ; and at length de« parted this life on July 2d, 1525, and was buried at St. Mary*s Church in St. Edmundsbury, in Suffolk: by her first husband she had issue

John Hervey, Esq.? executor and administrator to the laat testament of his uncle Sir George Hervey, in 18 Henry VIII. who^ dying without issue, was succeeded by his brother,

William Hervey, of Ickworth, Esq. who took to wife Jpan^ daughter of John Cocket, of Amptoo, in the county of Suffolk ; and departing this life August 1st, 1538, was buried in the middle isle of St Mary's church in St. Edomndsbury, as appears by this inscription :

Pray for the Souk of WlMiam Harvye, Esq. OHit I Aug, 1538.

He had issue several sons and daughters; viz. ^Elizabeth,

married to Gibbes, of Sudbury 3 Jane, to Vynners^

and Margaret, to — Pratt.

1. John, ancestor to Lord Bristol.

2 Sir Nicholas.

3. Francis.

And, 4. Anthony.

manor, in 1708, to Sir Johif Holt; of which family it was purcbistd in 1790, by the Duke of Bedford.

o Strype^s MeOMriab of Henry VIII. Vol I. p. 7. P Ex R?giit« A>Io«f. prsed. H Vittt. o( Sii6fblk, anno 1561.

mLRVEY £AHL QF BRISTOL. H^

Sir NicHOXAt Hcnr^> tooond son, was of the privy-cbtmbcr, taHeiuy VIII. aod 40 much in has favour, that, in 1^20« he was one of those Gentlemen r who weic appointed to furnish the dajs of josts, when the King, and sev^ be had appointed, chat- lengjed the French King, and as many on the part of France ; on which occaaion feats of arms were performed for thirty days^ at a camp between Guisoes and Ardfes. Likewise, in 18 Hen. VIII. when the King, for the entertainment of the French Ambassa-* doc^ bad appointed a solemn just, he* named Sir Nicholas for ooe of the challengers > and he is styled the Valiant Esquire; for be received the honour of Knighthood after this, and was Henry VIII. *s ^Ambassador in the £mperor> court at Ghent, in the 23d of his reign. Having married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas Fit^William«, Knt. and widow of Sir Thomas Maleverer, be bad issue

Six Thomas Hervey^ who was Knight-marsbal tp Queen Mary, and left only two daughters } of whom, Bleanor married Williain Worsley, of the Isle of Wight, Esq.

Bnt Sir Nicbdatj by his second Lady,"* Bridget, daughter aod heir of Sir John Wiltshire, of Stone-castle, in Kent, Knt. relict, of Su: Richard Wingfield, of Kimbolton-castle, in Huntingdop- shioe, (night of the Garter, had issue

Sir George Hervey, of Markshall, in Essex,. Lieutenant of the Tower, bom whom the Honreys of Markshall descend^

Btt Hen&i Hervey, Esq. was eldest sou of Sir Nicholas by his last Lady, and taking to wife Jane, daughter of James Thomas^ of the county of Glamorgan, Esq. had issi^ ' Frances, married to Thomas Evdyn, and Elizabeth, to Christopher Bayx^, Esquires i also

Wu4^4JM, bis son and heir, who distinguished himself on seresal occasions 3 and for his eminent services, was at length adfanced to the dignity of a peer of this kingdom^ by the title of Lmrd Htrviy, of Kiihrpok,

He first signalized himself in 1588,^ ip the memorable engage** ment of tbe Spanish armada, wherein he was prinoipalJy con« oeroed in boarding one of the Spanish galleons, killing the captain j Hugh Moncada, with his own hands. He was * afterwards knighted, on June 27tb^ 1596, with many other persons of note^

» Slo#^i Anntls, p. ^09* • »•»•• Chron. fol 155. b.

t IbU. fol. zoo. ^ » VitU. de Com. Essex, pfwi.

* MS. St. George, ^mii 7 Baker's Chron. 2d edit. p. ^44. b.

» Staw*t Ann. p. 775. VOX.. IT. L

149 PEE;RAGE OF ENGLAND.

\rho had valiantly behaved in taking the town and island of Cales (or Cadiz), and the year following, embarking^ again with the Earl of Essex^ and Walter Ralei^> was present at the taking of the town of Fjal. In l600,^ he commanded one of the Qneen's ships, and brought succours to the Lord-president of Munster, then redncing the rebels in Ireland, who were in expectation of assistance from the Spaniards. He staid some time in that king- dom, and behaved himself in several actions with great bravery and conduct : *= particularly with seventy foot and twcnty-four horse, he defeated one hundred and sixty foot and eighteen hone of the rebels, killing and taking sixty of them, without the loss of one man. He was also.Very serviceable at the si^e of KInsale (pos« sessed by the Spaniards in 1601), and on the surrender thereof, on January gtb, 16OI-2, he was sent to take possession of the castles of Dunboy, Castlehaven, and Flower, pursuant to the ca- pitulation. Being afterwards made G^ovemor of Carbry, froai Boss to Bactry, be took in Cape-clear castle, and performed many- successful acts, till the rebels were entirely reduced.

For which services Ring James advanced him^ to the dignity of a Baronet, on May 31st, \6ig, and • the year following created him a Peer of the kingdom of Ireland, viz. Baron of Ross, in com, Wexford, by letters patent, dated August ^th, l620. Lastly, " By reason of his eminent services at home and abroad, both in the times of King James and King Charles I. as well in council as in the wars, and other foreign expeditions,** (as the patent ^ ex- presses), he was created a Baron of this realm, by the title of Lord Hervey, of Kidbrook, in the county of Kent, on February yth, 1627-8. He first took to wife Mary, relict of Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, and daughter of Anthony Brown, Viscount Montacute, by whom he had no issue: they were married io 1597, as appears « from a letter to Sir Robert 3idney, dated from court, on Friday, May 20th, that year. He, secondly, married,^ on February Ath, 1607, at Cripplegate church, London, Cordelia, daughter and coheir of Brian Apnesley, of Lee, in Kent, Esq. by whom he had three sons; William, slain in the German wars; John, who died in Ireland; and Henry, who died youn^ : also

.« Brown's Hist, of <^ EUi. p. 181. * Cox'i Hist, of Ireland, p.4»^

« Ibid. p. 431, 443, 446, 451. d Pat. 17 Jac. I,

^ Pat. 18 Jk. I. f I*at. 3. Car. I. p, 6.

S Sidney Sute Papers, Vol II. p. 53.

^ ^x Regist. EccU Paioc. de CrippJegate.

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. . 147

Iftree daogliters; Dorothy, who died cmmanied, February igth, l6g2, and was buried at 8t. Martin's in the Fields, London 1 and Helen, who also died unmarried; and EUzabttk, who became bis sole daughter and bbir, and was wedded to fohn Herveyt of Mckworth, Esq, hereafter mentioned. This Lord Henrey, depart- ing this life in June, 1642,* was buried with great solemnity on July 8th following, in St. Edward's chapel, in Westroioster abbey^ and his titles became extinct.

I now return to John Hervey, of Ickworth, Esq. eldest bro* ther of Nicholas, grandfather to the said Lord Herrey. Which John took to wife Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Pope, of Mil- den-hall, in com. SofF, Esq. and ^ departing this life on July 1 1th, 1556, was succeeded at Ickworth by William, his eldest son : bot he had, besides the said William, a numerous issue, viz.

> John, second son.

fcicbolas, third son.

Clement and Thomas, fourth and fifth sons, and twins.

Robert, sixth son.

Christopher, eighth son. • And John, ninth son.

Alto six daughters i Jane, married to — — - Minshull ; Elica- beth, to Thomas Rogers 1 Mary; Anne, wife to Robert Risley, of Tilton I Ursnla, married ■" to Henry Vesey, of Iselham, in Cam- faridgediire, Esq. 3 and Bridget, wedded to John Wroth; secondly, to John Spayney, of Tunstal, in Norfolk.

William Hervey, Esq. eldest son, was bom in ^ 1509, ^nd hafing taken to wife Elizabeth, daughter of John Foley, of Box« ted, in com. Sufiblk, Esq. departed "> this life on November 3d, 1592, and was buried at Ickworth. 'He had three daughters; Ursula, who died young; Elizabeth, married to William Haward, of St. Edmundsbury, Esq. ; and Bridget, married to — -^ Collins, of the same town j as also five sons.

1. John Hervey, his successor at Ickworth.

2. Francis Hervey, p of Great Bardfield, in Enex, who married Ifary, daughter of Sir Thomas Nevil, of Holt, in Leicestershire, (by Clara, daughter and coheir of Ralph NcvUe, Esq. of Thorton-

1 Ex Regitt. de ColK Ecd. Wettmioster. k Cok*sE8€. lib. ii. p. ii8. MS. m Bibl. Harley. V»it. de Com. Suffolk, praed. « MS. g. i«. p. S- i» Coll. Arm.

• Ex Script, penes Joh. Com, Bristol. • Ibi^.

P MS. St. George, praed.

148 P££ftAGE OP QfQLAND.

Bridge, CO York), relict of Htary Smitb^P otCrmkig Ttfnple, in Essex, Esq. (which Lady died in 15g2, ind ig buried at Wit* ham, in Essex), and had (besides other ahildreo) John, of Bard<^ field ; who, by Ann^ daughter of Richard Torpin* of Bardfield, had a daughter, Priscilla, who married William Serle, of the Park Gate, in Bardfield) she died l652, and was buried at Bardfield.

a. William.

4. Ambrose.

And, 5. Thomas.

John Hervey, Esq. was bom in the year 1555; and by bb wife, Frances, daughter and coheir of Edmund Bookings of Book- ing, in Essex, ^sq. who died before him, on February 22d, l6Z% had issue two sons;

1. William.

And, 2. Robert

As also three daughters; Frances, who deceased in idigi tlU sabeth, who also died unmarried od April 22d, 16)3 j and Mary, espoused to Giles Allington, of Horseheath, in Cambridgetfatrej Esq. and departed this life on September 4th, l626*

This John Hervey lived to the seventy-fifth year of his ^ age, deceasing in 1030, and was succeeded by his son and heir,

William Hervey, who was knighted at Whitehall, on April 30tb, 1608, and married Snsan, daughter of Sir Robert Jermyn, of Rushbrook, in com. Suff. Knt (gnmdfather to Sir Henry Jer* tnyn. Earl of St. Albans)> on ' Sunday, March 2Ut, I6l3-14, in St. Mary's church, St. Edmundsbury; on which day of the month asd week he was bom in the same town, in 15S5. In l6lB> he was in como^sion * to survey lincoln's-inn-Fidds, and to cause such uniform and comely buildings to be erected, and^such walks, {UirtituMis, and plots to be made, both for health and pleasure, aa Uiey should approve of. In the 3d < of Car. I. he was elected to Parliament for St. Edmundsbury ; but beipg in years, lived afier^ wards retired from pilblk: business, without concerning himsdf i^ the civil i#ars, and depart^ 4his life on September 30tb, l(S6o. His first Lady dying" on Febraary 6th, 1(537, he married, second* ly, Peiielo|^» daaghter of Tbottas Daicy, Earl Rivers, relict, first,

V By some authorities ciaied Thomas. He wi^ son of John Smitli, 9»on of fhe Exchequer.

9 Ex Script, penet Joh. Com. Bristol.

' Ex Autog. penes Juh. Com. Bristol.

• Rymer*s Feed. torn. XV|I. I19, 120.

% MS. dc Pari penes, B. Willis, Am. ' u Ex Au^og. prsd.

HEBVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. H9

of ^ir Cesrge TrenclMsd, of Wolvertoti, m Doriefsliire ;. aQd> moaotOf, of 8tr George G«ge> of Firle^ m Sua^e^^ Bart-j bpt hgcl ItNK onif bx his first wile, viz.

fib lint child, still-bom at St. Edcnundsbury, on April I7tb^- l6l4, and bnried in the chaocd of St. Mary's cdnrcl^ io the samp loirD.

2. Jndilb, bora at his house in Soathgate-street, ip St. .^d- ittHidsborj, oo April 30th, l6l5, married to Jaines Reynolds^ of Bumsted, in Eoex, Esq. and died on Julj 12tb, 1679.

3. John, who succeeded his father.

4. Amie, horn al St. Edmundsbmy, on April 9^h, 1618, and died en December 12tb> 1619.

64 William, bom at Si. Edmundsbury, on Whitsunday, May Ulh^ 1619, and died at Gambridge, on September 23d» 1^2. He was fellow-collegian with Mr. Cowley, in that University, who bamoang his death i^i an excellent oopy of verses,^ the most cele* brated in aU his works -, which, however. Dr. Johnson most un* JQStly depreciates.

6* M«7, bom at lokworth, on May 22d, 1^20, married to Sir Edward Gage, of Hengrave, in com. Suff. Bart, and died on July laih, 1664.

7. Susan, bora at Ickwortb, July I4tb, l62J, was second wife to Sir Thomas Hanmer, of Hanmer, in Flint, Knt. and Bart.

8. Kezia, born at St. Edmundsbury, November Uth» l622j married to Thomas Tyrrel, of Gipptng, in com. SuiF. £sq. and died Nofember 22d, 1669.

: 9. Orthorme, bom at St. Edmundsbury, Jannary 24Ui« l623j aod>yad January l6tb, 1625.

10. ThcDQ^ bora in Northgate-stieet, St. Edmundsbury, May 26th, 1GH6, will be mentioned hereafter, being ancestor to th€ frettmi Earl rfBri$iol.

lU Nicholas, bom at St. Edmuodsbuiy, July I2th» 1627, died March 22d, l§^. And,

12. Heivy, bom at St Edmnndsbory, June 18th, l6^, and Aod September Sih foUowicg.

JoBir Hervey, the eldest son of Sir WiUiaqi, was bora at Ick^ WMth, hia fiitber^s seat in Suffolk, on Sunday, August 18th, l6i6^ aad had all the advantages of education, which he improved by tiaveiliag; and polite cooveraadon. Robert Sidney, second Earl of Leicester, who was Ambassador in Denmark, and France, and

' Bp, Spntft Life of Cow'ey.

150 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND. '

Lord Lieutenant ,of Ireland^ and one of the most learned Noble- men of the age, formed such a judgment of Mr. Hervey's accora- plbhments, that while he was Ambassador in France, he enter" tatned him in hit house as a companion, as appears fixxn a letter of his Lordship dated at Paris, on December i2d, lOSd, to Sir John Coke, Secretary of State, of what passed at his audience ;* telling hidi,y *' he will receive it by Mr. Hervey, a Gentleman who bath bestowed hb company upon me, ever since I came oat of England." The friendship between him and the Earl of Lei-. tester was very remarkable, as the letters past between them shew. Mr. Hervey from London, on January 12tb, l652,' tells his Lordship, *' It was more than sixteen years, that he had the honour to be his Lordship's, by all the best titles that any thing is possest, you having for every day in that time, given more thaa a valuable consideration for me^ and I having every minute of those days voluntarily resigned myself to you, so that the whole power in me, and over me, has for thus long absolutely remained in your Lordship, &c.'*

The Earl of Leicester, from Penshurst, on January 20th, sent the following complimentary answer^ which shewing how much he was esteemed by him, as also his great worth and excellencies, in justice to his memory I in^rt it«

^ 81R,» *' Take heed what you give or acknowledge to have given me,- for though I confess it is just to restore, and that yon are worthy of any thing that can be given you, yet if the gift be of yonrself, I shall never consent to the revocation of it, nor be persuaded to restore yourself to you again ; for I shall esteem my property in you more than the brevets or letters patents of Kings, or the donation of Constant ine $ and you shall be but a usn*friictuary of yourself. Or if in the time of my possessing you, I employ not my interest so far as your fevour would admit roe, it is for fear of increasing that debt, which already is grown too great for me to pay, or recompense in all my life, and can never be discharged by heirs, executors, or assigns. You have no way to rescue or help yourself but by my incapacity -, for how liberal soever the donator be, it is but an oflfer, and not a gift, unless the donatory be cnpable of receiving it, which 1 acknowledge I am not ; and

r Sidney State Papars, Vol. II. p. 68o. * Ibid.

• ibid, uc aacctf, f . 68i.

HERVEY EARL OF.RRIST0L. 151

therefore against my will you most in a manner be free still. But though I seem to let you loose because I have not rooole £t to receive you in, nor bands worthy to hold yon with > for all my merit b not better than the line of a cobweb, yet I will do my best to detain you ) that is, by an exchange of mjsdf for yoor« self, which is unequal, I confess, but I have no joQore; if I had. I would make the bargain better for you. And howsoever I may seem to gain another advantage by this exchange, because I have told you I Mfill not part with you on any terms ; and you have so little reason to value me, that it is likely enough you would give me myself again for asking, and so might remain mine, and I not }oiirs: yet I assure you that 1 mean no such matter^ but I like my oondition so well, that I am resolved to be ever :

Yours, &c.

LEYCESTER.'

Having heartily concurred in the restoration of Charles II. he was constituted Treasurer of the Household to dueen Catharine, his consort; and was in the peculiar esteem of bis Majesty, and in the greatest intimacy with the moat ingenious, as well as greatest men in the kingdom. In Parliament^ he was one of the leading members j and Bishop Burnet relates of him^ " That he was^ one whom the King^^Cbarles II.) loved personally, and yet^ upon a great occasion, he voted against that which the Kiag de- sired. So the King chid him severely for it. Next day another important question flailing in, he voted as the King would have him* , So the King took notice of it at night, and said, you were not against me to-day. He answered. No, Sir, I was against my conscience to-day.*' . He was a particular favourer of men of let- ters; and the famous Mr. Cowley,^ by his recommendation, was taken Into the service of his kinsman, Henry Earl of St. Albans, Lord Chamberlain of the Household to Charles. II. and was his great patron. Hiis Mr. Hervey married Elizabeth, daughter and sole heir qf JVilUam Lord Hervey, of Kidbrook, before mentioned; hot dying without issue, on January 18th^ 1079, ^i^ estate de- Tolved on his only surviving brother.

Sir Thoiuls Hervey, who was knighted by Charles II. and elected for St. Edmundsbury to the three l^st Parliaments. "^ in that rei^, and to all others during the remainder of his life. He

* Hist, of his OwB Timei, p. 38^. « Bp. SpriU*3 Life of Cowley,

^ MS. de Pirl. pracJ.

15^ PEERAG* Ot EftGLAND.

vbewexl htfl^f^ in kU parts «f lift, o«5t)t' the bbst oF late; md was particularly remarktible for his pidty, dasadtf, dbtitky; teoA otfa^ Cfrrisli^n and rhoral virtues, whereby be was in the ^esteem tjf dl that Ididw him 5 and died on May 27th, iGQA, aged settsnty/ and was buried with hb ancestors at Ickworth.

He teatrried, m l658> Isabella, datighterof Sir Htunphry May, Vtce-cbamberlain of the Househdd to Ckarles I. which Lady died on Jnoe ^th, i6s6; they liad issue,

1. William Hervey, eldest son, bom on October 31 st, l85i, arnd died on June 14ih, !<W3.

2. John Hervey, who wts created Burl of Brirtd.

3. Thomas, born on January 13th, idOB, whobetlfting liitti- self to a naiiitary employmettt, served in Irehnd tmdicr King Wil- liam ) and dying at St. £dmundsbury, on December 29th> 1^5, was buried "at Ickworth.

Isabella, born August 23d, 1 65g, was married to Genrase Elwea, ion and heir of Sir Oervase Elwes, of Stoke, in com* Stt^k, Bart. 5 Elizabeth, bom on September ItJtb, \€dO, and died on February 18th, 1673 ; Ke^ia, bom on April 24th, 1^64, ttttrried to Aubrie Porter, of St. Edmundsbury, Esq.

John Hervey, fiiist Ehkb of B%isf ot, wa8%om on AiigtUt 27th, 1665, and married on November 1st, I686, Isab(Ala> daughter and sole heir of Sir Robert Oirr, of Sleeford, in eom. Line. Bart, diancellor 6f the dudhy of Lancaster, and df llie privy-councl*! to Charles n. He was elMted fer^. Sdmtfnda- t)ury, in that Parliament which first met in ^e 2d df VFSSkm and Msiry, and was chosen for iht same '{Aace in all snccecxfing Fariiaments called hj King WiHittn } as aho in ihat of 4e first yisar of Queen Anne. Having distingubhed himsdfin '€ie 4iottsie ^Commons, he was, for the noblen^s bf has extraction, the an- -tiquity of his fiEimily> and his many tminezit "virtues, advsmcedto the dignity of a Baron of this r^lhn, lyy (be style and title of Lord Hervey,* of Ickworth, in the county bf Suffolk, by lettOM patent, bearing date Mardi 23d, in the 2d year of the l«ign of Queen Anne. And having strenuouiAy asserted Ofe -succession of King George I. to the crown of these re^ms, was, io consdeni'* tion thereof, atfd his many eiaineUt c^utlities, tmentedBARL or Bristol, onOctcAcr l^b, 1714.

His Lordship had two wives -, Isabella^ Wore laentioned^ try

• Burnet'i O. T. II. 3^4. His w'fe had prttiouilj tried fot the Baronj of Bnoard 0/ ffa/Jof,

HEKYSr SAUL OF BKIflDL. u$

ihtiNdiMiietwddhniglilm,aBdl«Be90B, Ovr Lord Hot.

wf, bom on Septembcv ifHk, l^i, i«bo was educated at Clai^ hm, iaOn»bridg«$ and «• son at he caoK cf agB, mi citt^id lataAkMicotfbrtfaeboini^of^. Ednumis^xay,u$Ammiim fiMt huttaneot catted bf George I. and vvaa of tke iWiA-li>«||>f^| k>lii»4ateMi^t7,wlicn Prince of Wales. He died ■noamni at Ibe BiKh, wliere ]ie iv«»t fo llie recereiy of las. hodch, o« Thoiadi^r^ Nofember I5di, 1733.

bab^a» eldest dao^ter, died QMntnied in November 1711^ sad fiiiaaJbedi, second daugbter^ oimkom kar nMtber deccawd as childbed^ on March Jth, 1692-3^ died an iniatit.

bi l6f5, hb Lordship marrifld Elizabelb, sofe tes^te and belr to 8ir Thomas Felton>' of Playford, in the oeaatf of &k€UK Bait. Comptroller of "the Household to her Mi^eatf a«sen Anne, by Eliaabelh, daughter and ooheir «f James third £arlof Sufliilks and by 4er (who died on May M, i74l^ bainiig been one of ibe Ladies of the Bedchamber to her late Majesty Gfcaeen Casofine^ and Ittd served her in the same station when Prmoess of WaJes}^ hadisaneelc¥enaonsyaodsicdaaghters; viz.

1 . John Lord Hervey, of whom I shall hereafter treat. ^

a. Thomas* born on Jamaary 20Ch, ^^9^, vhoivas a mem^r in three Parliaments for the borough of St. Edmundsbury^ .and was one of the Eqaerries to 'her iate M^^esty Qneen Cnoline. Also on May 23d, 1738, constituted Superiuteodant of all bis Ma- jesty's-gavdens. of every ills royal pdaoeSfS &c. He departed thi» life KNh January, ^77^9 liaiting married, in 1744, Anne, daii|;fa^ ter aald heir of Franois Coghlone, Esq. counsellor of law, of the IdBffAam of Irekud, who died 27th December, 1761, in Bond Sipaet, andihad issue by her one soo^ William*Thomas Hervey.

3. iWiUiam^ bom on December 35tfa, kOgg, Captain in hia M^esty's navy 3 and on November 274h, J 729, married to£li<» aabadi, daughter of Thomas' Ridge, of iVirtsoRKith, In coai. SoMbaflsp. Esq. whieh Lady died in child-bed, on Juiy J3th» 178O, of a daughto-, named Bliaabeth.*' He died in Jannary,

177«.

4. Henry, bom on Janoary 5th, 1700, who was a€orast in die Loid Mark Ker*s regtment of dragoons $ and on March 2d, 1730, wa» married to Catherine, ^dest sister md heir to Sir TIkh

f G. 7-.14. Har. C*U. S Well kaown for bit genius and eccenuicicies. See his Letters to Sir Thoaias Utniner.- '

. ^ Liriag single in London, 1800.

154 P£ERAG£ OF ENGLAND.

imtf Jiston, of A^on, m com. Ceti. Bert^ WbdtOgosi, afler he went into holj orders, was Doctor of Divinity, and took the name ctf Asrov^ as did bis son, Henry Hervey-AsTON, wboi

was seated at Aston j married daughter of Diccooson,

of Lancaster, Esq. and had one son, Henry Henrey- Aston, Liea-> tenant-coionel 12th Foot, who was unfortunately killed in a duel with Major Allen, at Madras, Deconber 23d, 1796; having mar* ried, on September ]6th, 1789, the Hon. Miss Ingram, dai^bM- of the htte Viscount Irwin -, and three daughters, the youngest of whom died at Aston in August 177^1 another married Colonel Hodges of Oxfordshire.

5. Charies, bom on April 5th, 1703 (twin with a daughter, Henrietta, who died young), was D. D. Rector of Sprowton and Shotley, in Sufiblk, and Prebendary of Ely, died at Ely, March 21st, 1783. He married, on December 31st, 1743, Martha- Maria Howard, daughter of — ^- Howard, of St. Edmundsbury^ in Suffolk, Esq.

6. A son, still-born on July 6th, 1704.

. 7. James-Porter, who was born on June 24th, 1706, and dieci nnmarried.

6. Humphrey, who was bom on June 3d, 1708, and died sood after.

9. Felton, who was born on July 3d, 1710, and died on the J 6th following.

10. Felton, bom on February 12th, 17 1 1-12, member in two Parliaments for St. Edmnndsbury, was one of the Equerries to her late Majesty > and in Dpcember^ 1737> was appointed Gfoook of the Bedchamber to his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumber- land. He died August 18tli, 1775 ) having been married to Do- rothy, daughter of Solomon Ashley, Esq. and relict of Charies Pitfield, Esq.; by her, who died on November 8th, sl76l, had issue three dauglvtersj Eipily, Caroline, and Elizabeth} and a son, Feltoo-Lionel Hervey (constituted with him. Joint -Remem- brancer of the court of Exchequer in England, on February 17tb, 1759) J he was a Lieutenant in the Horse Guards, and married^ 2d March, 1779^ Selina, only child of the late Sir John El will, of Exeter, Bart. He died ihc 9th September, 1/85. One of his sons is Major of the 14th Dragoons. His widow remarried Wil* liam- Henry Freemantle, Esq.

11. James, born on March 5th, 1/12-13, vi ho died unmarried.

I .Sir W.Iiuujhby As on inVcit.tth's title collacerilly.

HERVET EARL OF BRISTOL. 15S

Hii fint daughter, lady EKtabetfa, was manned to the Hon. B11SS7 MaDsd, Ek}, son and sacceMor of Thomas Lord Miinse] t aod died in the twentj-niath jcar of her age, on December add, ITV9 wkbbat issoe.

%, Lady Anne, who died at Btirj, unrnarried, Jn\y I5\h, 'I771. 3. .Ladj Barbara, died mimarried, on July 34th, 1727, 4. Lad/ Loiiisa^Caroiina Isabella,^ who was married on Septetnber 23<i; 1731, to Sir Robert Smith, of Smith-sf reet, in thecity of West*- minster, Bart.; and, S, Lady Henrietta, died in August, 1732.^

His Lordship departed this life on January 20th, 1750-I, and was succeeded in his honours and estate by his grandson apd heir, George-William, son and heir of John Lord Hervey, his eldest son.

Which JoHK LoKD Hehvby, bom on October t5ih, i6q6, was, in consideration of his great merits, called up by writ to the house of Peers, as Lokd Hbrvby, op Ickworth, and took ])i» place on June 12th, 1733, according to his father's creation. His Lordship was chosen one of the members for St. Edmundsbury, in the first Parliament called by our late sovereign; and on May 6th, 1730, was appointed Vice-chamberlain of his Majesty's Household, and two days after, sworn of his most honourable Privy-council. On May 1st, 1?^$ his Majesty having been pleased to deliver the custody of the Pfury-seal to his Lordship, the oath of Keeper of the Privyseal was administered to him at St. James's, and his Lordship took his place at the Council-board accordingly. On May 12th following, he was nominated one of the Lords Justices for the administration of the government, du- ring his Majesty's absence.

Coxe, in his Menooirs of Sir Robert Walpole, L 362, gives the f(^owing account- of him :

** He came first into Parliaraent soon after the accession of. George L was appomted Vice-chamberlain to the King in 1 730 ; 10 1733 was created a Peer; and in 1740 was constituted Lord Privy Seal, from which post he was removed in 1742. He died in 1743. He took a considerable share in the political transac- tions of the times ; and was always a warm advocate on the side of Sir Robert Walpole." Tiodal » has observed, '^ That history ought to repair the injuries that party has done to some part of

^ She died nth May, 1770, agd fifty-five, and lies buried under a blacJc itmie, in West-Ham church, in EtseXy near her husband' and hU family.

* Vol. XX. p. 83. *

l$6 PCEBA6E or ENGLAND.

bi8 cbiracter.*' And* in hct^ It is oeoeanqr; S&r neffor vai t man

li»otgqcpogedtondiculc,andlaAedyiJdigr^^

Korey hts becD cjcpoaed and lariwd bjr die Mtifical pen of Popou

If we may credit the Satirist, who has ddiDtoted hit cbenictrr

iDiidiBr the name ^ Sporos, he was beiow all cooteaapt; a man

wrtfaoat talents, and wttboitt one solitary virtue to oonipeiiBale

fat the most ridiouloas foibles, aod the oaost abandcmed pso^

*' Let Sporus tremble.— What, that thing of silk,

Sporus, that mere white curd of asses milk ?

Satire or sense, alaa! can Spoms feel >

Who breaks a batterfly apoa a wheel ?

P. Yet let me flap this toy with gilded wings j

This painteA child of dirt, that stinks and ring8«

Eternal smiles his emptiness betrayt.

As shallow streams ran dimpling aH the way.

Whether in florid impotence be speaks,

And> as the prompter breathes, the pnppet squeakS)

Or at the ear of Eve, ftmiliar toad.

Half firoth, half renom, spits himMf abroad,

Amphibions thing ! diat acting either part,

The trifling head, or the corrapted heart;

Fop at the toilet, flatt*rer at the board.

Now trips a lady, and now struts a lord.

Etc's tempter thus the Rabbins have exprest,

A cherub's face, a reptile all the rest;

Beauty that shocks you, parts that none can trust;

Wit that can curse, and pride that licks' the dust."

However I may admire the powers of the Satirist, I coolii

' never read this passage without di3gfist and horror; di^^guit at

the indelicacy of the allusions^ horror at the malignly of Ifae

Poet, in laying the foupdation of his abuse on the lowest apfqoa

of satire, personal invective ; aod what is still worse, on si^knofa

and debility. The Poet has so much distorted this portript^ tl^t

. he has in ooc instance made the object of his satire, what ooglit

f to have been the subject of his praise; the ri^ ab^tioeooe to

which Lord Hervey unalterably adhered, from the necessity of

preserving his health. Lord Hervey having felt some attacks of

the epilepsy, entered upon, and persisted in a very strict xegimen ;

and thus stopt the progress, and prevented the effects of tlu|t

dreadful disease. His d^ily £9od was^ a small quantity of asses

HERVSr BAIL OP BRIfTOl.. i«7

milk, aod a flour bitcak} once a week lie iadnlged iamatU wkh mAag an apple : he otad emetics daily.

** To this rigid abstemiousDess Pope malignantly alludes, vfhm, be says, ** The cneie white cord <tf asses tnilk/' In short, I agree with the iogenious editor of Popej '' lAnfpnagt canodt affordt more glowiogy or more forcible terras, to expsess the titmcit bit* temess of contempt. We thicik we are reading Milton agatnsi SakDatios* The raillery is carried to the very verge of railiaii^ ^ aome wiU say ribaldry. He has armed his miise with a sealpiifiiijL knife.'* May we not ^sk with the ame author, *' Can thb be tbb ssiae nobleman whom Middleton, in bis Dedioatioo to the His- loiy of the Life of XuUy, has so serioasly, and bo earnestly praiaed^ for his strong good sense, his eonsommaie poUteness, his seat patriotism, his rigid temperance^ h& tkmoogh knowledge ami defisnce of the laws of his oooiitry, hit accurate skill in histoty,, his unexampled and unremitted diligence in literary pursutta, ^tbii^ added credit to this very hhtMy, as Sdpio and Lftlins did to that of Pblibius, by revising and correcting it (as he expresses iC), by tbe strokes of his pencil ?** May wt not also ask, is thirf the mor bkanan who wrote some of the best political pampfabts whick appeared ia dafisoce of Walpole's admiftistratioa ? who, though nmetiiaes too florid and pompous, was a frequent and able speaker ia Parliament; and who, for Ins pditical abifitks, was raised to die post of Lord Privy-seal ? In truth. Lord Hervey possessed more than ordinary abilities, and much classical eradition : he was remarkable for his wit, and the nufi4>er and appositeness of his repartees.

'' AlthoQgh his manner and ^urewere, at first acquaintance, Ughly foitMdding, yet he seldom fluted to render himsdf, by hx< Gfdy conversation^ which Pope called, ^

^ The weQ whip*d cream of courtly common sense,**

an entertaining companion to those whom he wished to con* dliate. Henoe he conquered the extreme prejudice which tho King had conceived against him^ and from being detested, ho became a great £ivourite. He was particularly agreeable to Queeit Caroline) as he helpedto enliven the uaiformiQr of a court, with ^ghtly repartees, and lively sallies of wit«

** His cool and manly conduct in the duel with Pulteney, proved neither want of spirit to resent an injury, or deficiency of courage in the boor of danger ) and he compelled his adversaiy to respect bis conduct^ though he bad satirised his person,

156 PEERAGE OF SNGLAK^D.

. '* Hw defects were, extreme ftfl^tartion, bttteraess of inf«c- ' live, prodigality of flatterf^ and great tervilitj to those above him.

" Horace, Earl of Orford, has given a list of hU pc^itical writ* ia^, in the Catalogue of Royal and Noble Authors ; and amongst the Orford Papers^ are draughts of several of those pamphlets whidi were sabmitred to Sir Robert Walpole. Some are corrected by him ; in others, the minister made coosiderable additions. See WdrUtn's Pope, Fol. ir. p.44,45, 46. Opinums of Sarah, Du- chess qf Marlborough, article Lord Hervey"

His Lordship married, on October 25t,h, 1^20, Mary, daughter of Brigadier-goneral Nicholas Le Pell, then one of-the Maids of honour to Caroline, Princess of Wales. He had issue by her, who departed this life^ September 2d, 17<96, four sons.

1. George-William, bom on August a 1st, 1/21, second Eafl of Bristol.

2. Augustus-John Hcrvey, the third Earl of Bristol. ' 3. Frederick, fourth Earl.

4. William, bom. May 13tb, 1732, who was Member in two Parliaments for St. Edmuudsbury; a General in the Army. John Lord Hcrvey had by the same Lady four daughters.

1. Le Pell, bom in January 1722-3, married Constantine first Lord Mulgrave, and was found dead in her bed, 9th March^ 1780, at her son's house in the Admiralty.

2. lady Mary, born in 1726, and married George Fit2-Gerald, Esq of Ireland 5 and died lf»v leaving issue.Ii?.^ /ir/r^/^.

3. Lady Emily Caroline Nassau, unmarried.

4. Lady Caroline, also oomarvied.

His Majesty, by warrant dated June atli, 1753, granted to ibe said surviving daughters, 'to enjoy respectively the same place, prc-emiucncy, and precedency, in all assemblies and meetings, as daughters of an Earl of Great Britain -, as if their father had lived to enjoy the dignity of an Eari of the kingdom. He departed this life, set. forty-seven, August 5th, 1743, and was suc- ceeded in the title of Lord H^vey, of Ickworth, by his eldest son,

George William, who was born on August 31st, 1721, and succeeded his grandfather, as second Earl of Bristol, on Ja- nuary 20th, 1751. His Lordship, by his grandmother^ on the death of Henry Howard, tenth Eari of Suffolk, became joint heir (with Elizabeth, second wife of John, first Eari of Portsmouth), to the said Eari of Suffolk's estate, also to the Barony qp Wal-

H£bV£Y £ARL OP BRISTOL. 159

Dsir. Hk Lordship was one of the six Supporters of the pall, at the foneral of Frederick, Prince of Wales; on Jane 17th, 1758, he was nominated Ambassador extraordinary to the Coart of Spein^ where he proved himself a Minister of great vigilance, capacity^ and spirit, particularly with relation to the Family Compact' be- tween the houses of Bourbon ; which being ratified September 8th, ,1761, his Lordship left Madrid, December 17th, following, without taking leave ; and in the next month war was declared between Great Britain and Spain.

His Lordship was likewise one of His Majesty's Privy Counsel- lors. On September 26th, 1 7^> was declared Lord Lieutenant 6f Ireland; November 2d, 1768, he was appointed Keeper of the Privy- Seal, which post he resigned January 29th, 1770, upon being made Groom of the Stole, and first Lord of His Majesty's Bedchamber J which places he held till March 18th, 177^> when he died unmarried, act. fifiy«four, and was succeeded by his next brother,

Augustus-John, trikd Earl of Bristol, who was bora May 18th, 1724; and chusing a maritime life, was, after passing through the subordinate stations, appointed Captain of one of his Majaty'i ships of war, on January 15th, 1746-7} and on every occasion, exerted himself as a vigilant, skilful, and brave officer, particulariy in several engagements daring the last war, whereby he merited the notice of his sovereign, and was deservedly ad- vanced to the rank of Vice-Admiral of the Bhie squadron of hli Majesty's Beet. At the general election, in 176I, he was returned one of the Members for St. Edmundsbury, but vacated his seat in April 1763, upob accepting the Commission of Colonel of the Marines in the Plymouth division. In November fdlowing, he was Bominated one of the Grooms of his Majesty's Bed-chamber, and was soon after elected Bepresentative in Parliament for the Borough of Saltash. At the general election in 1 768, he was chosen for St. Edmundsbury, also re-chosen to the next Parliament; and on January 26th, 1771 » was appointed one of the Lords of the Admiralty." His Lordship died at his house in St. James*s Square, the 22d December, 1779/ ^^ ^^* His successor was his brother

■ His marriase wttb }Aiu Chod)eigh ; and her »ub$e<jaeiit marriage with the Daki'oT Kingston in bis lifetime, which produced her memorable trial, 1776, ar^ vcU known. The Dachtss retired to tht continent^ and died there in August I7I8.

\6^ P£EK>eB OP ENGLAND.

FxiDWCKy THi FoiniTB Eabl, bom in Augott l/ao, aad, having entered into boly ordcn, was iqade one of his Majetty'a Chaplains in Ordroary, and a principal clerk of the Privy Sod^ which he resigned, in Febrvary 1 767, upon being prooooted to the nisHo^KiCK of Cloyne, in the kingdom of Irdand; from which he was translated to that of DbrkTi January 30th| 1768 s his Lordship wa9 a Privy Counsellor of that kingdom^ and D. D. lie nanrled fliaabeth^ daughter of Sir Jermjm Davers," Bart* by whom he had two sons^

1 . George, Lord Uervey, a Captain in the navy, i^nd Ambassador at Flofence^ 17B7^1794, married Elizabetb, the daughter of -«-« DmmmoDd^ Esq. of Quebec, and died January lOtb, 1796, leav* Ic^ an oolf dai^hter and heir, Elizabeth-Catherine-Caroline^ who married, August 2d, 1798, Charlep Rose Ellis, Esq. and died in January 1603, leaving the present Charles-Augustus EUia^ who, in July 1803, succeeded his great grand&ther as Loap Howard of Waldbn.

a. Frederick William, present EarL

a. La4y Maty, married, February 22df 1776> ^obn Creif hto^. Earl of Erne, and has issue.

4« Lady Elizabeth, married in 1776> John ThooBas Forster, Esq. and has issue.

5. Lady Theodosia, married, March 2,5th« 1795, Bobert Banka JenkiosQo, now Earl of Liverpool.

His Lordship died July 8th, 1803, and was succeeded by hia aaoond» but eldest snrviving son,

Frederick William, futtb Eajii. op BaisTox, bom 14th Jane» \7^> who^ while a Commoner, represented St. Edmnndsbnry ia FMrUamenti aiKl, in 180], was Under Secretary of State in th^ Foffdgn DqNurtment, to his brother4n-law. Lord Hawksbury. He married, in 1798, Elizabeth Albana Upton, daughter of the late Lord Templetowo, by whom he has issue,

1. William Lord Hervey.

^ George, bora June 8th, 1804.

3. WiUiacq, born, October . , 1805*

TUlm. Frederick-William Hbkvit, Earl of Bristol, and f^^ ron Hervey, of Ickworth.

Crmtions, Baron Hervey of Ickworth, March 23d (1703), 2 Annci and Earl of Bristol, October 19th (1714), I George I.

" Sister Mi keir to the late Sir Ckarlct Daven, Bart.

HBHVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. ifli

jirmis. Gules on a bend Argent^ 3 trefoils slipt vert.

Crest, On a wreath, a Leopard passant proper Bezan'tee, du-. cally gorged and ffaained Or, and holding a trefoil in his paw proper.

Supporters, Two Leopards sable« Bezaatee, ducally collared and chained. Or.

Motto, Jb ^oxtblib&ay jamais.

ehirf Seat. At Ickwofth Lodge, in SxifkXk.

Vol* If.

162 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

COWPER EARL COPPER.

John Cowpcr, of Strode, in the parish of Slingfeld, in the county cf Su8irx,» in the 6th year of Edward IV. married Joan, daughter and heir of John Stanbridgc, of Strode aforesaid; which Joan^ by her deed dated at Ewhartt, Jane 5th, 1465, 6th Edward IV. by the name of Joan, late wife of Stephen Brode, grants to Rl- chaxd Furst and Richard Briggs, her lands, rents and services, in the parlfhes of Okley, Ewhurst, and Cranley, in the county of Surry, of her inhcritanee ; who, in order to her marriage with ihe bcforcmcntioned John Copper, rcconveys the same to the Lord Maltravers, John Bourchier Lord Berners, Sir John And- . Icy Lord Audley, and Thomas St. Legcr, Esquire of the King's body.

This Joan also survived the said John Cowper, Esq. and was afterwards married to Robert Auchcr, Esq. of Westwell, in Kcnt.^

By the said John Cowper, her second husband, she had issue JoHW Cowpcr, of Strode, Esq. who by his wi e Mary, daughter of Chaloner, of Sussex,* had issue three sons 5

1. John, who died unmarried.

2. Robert Cowper, Esq. from whom the Cowper s of Strode^ descended. And

3. William Cowpcr, tlie ancestor of the present Earl Cowper. "Which William Cowper was father of another

ft Chart. 6 Edward IV. and MS. Account of this Family, by Peter Le Nevr, Norroy.

fc SegarH Baronage, MS. ^ IWd.

a It strikes, 'boweTer> the present Ediior't memory, that th^se Cowpers of Strode bort different aras.

COWPER EARL COWPER. 163

William Co^lrpcr, who married Margaret, daaghter of Tbo- mat Spcooer/ of St. Peter's, CombUl, LoDdoo, and one of the cborch-wairdeDs of tbat parish, in 34 Henry VIII. by whom he had issue

John Cowper, Esq. of St. Michael's, Comhill, London, ohe of tfaeSherifis of that city 'anno 1551, Kand Alderman of Bridge- ward* He died on Jdne 3d, I6O9, and was buried in St. Peter's, Comhill, nnder a moonment erected to his memory.^ By his wiib Elizabeth, daoghter of John Ironside, of the county of Lincoln, Gent, be had issue * five sons add four daughters i l « John, who died without issue.

3. William, ancestor to the preseqt Earh

3. Edward, who died without isstie : as did Richardi another

•OQ.

5; Nicholas, who married Margaret, daughter of Robert fioQRie, of Bobingworthy in Essex, Esq.

Frances^ eldest daughter, died young; Elizabeth, second dmgfater, married, first, to Thomas Carryl, Esq. thiiM son. to Sir — — Carryl,'crf Sussex, Knt.; and, secondly, to Jolin Jaques, fether of Sir John Jaques, Bart.; Catliarine, third daughter, was wife of John Tey^ of Layer de la Hay, in Essex, Esq. 5 and Ju- dith, the younger, was married to Richard Bourne, of London, third son of William Bourne, of Bobingworlh, in Essex, Esq. ; and, secondly, to Thomas Hill, of Fulham, in Middlesex, Esq.

Sir William, his second son,'' bornon March 7tb, 1562, suc- ceeded to his estate, and being seated irt Rat ling- Court, in Kent, was first created a Barontt of N&va Scotia, and afterwards, on &Iarch 4th, 1641-2, created a Baronet of England : and knighted at Theobalds, March 1st following.' lie was Collector of the iflsposts on strangers in the port of London ; and for his loyalty to Charles I. was imprisoned in Ely-house, in London, with John his eldest son, who died under his oonfiuemeiH. But Sir William Cowper outlived all his troubles ; and: residing at his castle of Hertford, was famed for bis hospitality, charity, and other Chris- tian Tirtuet,™ often visiting his poor neighbours at their houses,

• S 0W9 p< 213. ' Ibid, p. 584. f Ibid. p. X30.

^ Ibid. p. 21 j. t Ex Stenmate. ^ Ibid.

1 H? b ttksmoTdhk for having crcctad in the cburch of BTshopsbouroe, near hia

teac of Ratlir.g Courti Uk Konbgcoo, ILcnt, a monuxnent, in 1633, to the celi«

braxcd Rjcmard HookIr, inasribcd with vtrast ligned W. C. Set Waltoifs

Lires, by Zo'ich, pp. 14!. 264.

» Cha«ncty> Hcrtfordfh»<e, p. 354.

164 PfiKRAGB OF ENGLAND.

«nd relieving them iq fHivate, accordtog to their necenUiei* He died on Decepiber 20tb^ l66^, aged eighty-two years; and waa buried in the cloister of St Mtchaers church, in Comhilly Lon- don. He had to Mfe^^ Martha, daughter of James Masters, of East Langdon, in Kent, Esq. and sifter to Sir Edward Masters, Knight, by whom he had issue six sons and three daughters ; Mary, who died unmarried $ Martha, wedded to John Huitsoo, of Clesby, in com. £bor. Esq. and died on November 6, 168I (leaving her husband surviving, who departed this life April I3tb, 1689) } Anne, youngest daughter, was the wife of John Rich- mond of Hiddington, in Norfolk, Esq. The sons were;

1. John, of whom hereafter.

2. Sir Edward Cowper, born August 5th, I6l4, who, dyin^ unmarried on November I0th,<> 1685, was buried by hts father in St. Michaers, Cornhill, where a white marble monument is erected to his memory.

3. Sir William Cowper, who had issue Sir John Cowper, whose posterity is remaining.

-4. Spencer Cowper, who died on November 6tb, 1676, aged fifty-seven, unmarried, and was buried at St. Michael's afore- said.

5. Jarocs,P who married Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Wroth, cf Durans, in the parish of Enfidd, in Middlesex, but dying with- out issue, she was after wedded to George Earl of SulfoJk'j and Henry, the sixth son, died an in^t.

John, the eldest son, was entered of Lincoln*s-Inn for the study of the laws, but being imprisoned for his loyally to Charles L died under his confinement. He married Martha, daughter of George Hewkley, of London, merchant, by whom he had issue a daughter, Martha, who died young, and one sou,

Sir William Cowper, Bart, who succeeded his grandfather: he was chosen one of the members for <» Hertford, in the two last ParliamenU called by Charles II. and was one, who, with the Earit of Shaftesbury,' and Huntingdon, with other Lords, presented rea- sons to the Grand Jury of Middlesex, June l6ih, 168O, for the

indictment of James Duke of York, for not coming to church ,

% , ♦ '

n Chftiijicef's Hertfordthtre, p. 2^4. • Buried tbe i^ch. Harl. MSS. iVo. 1040. P He VM byrM at St. MUhaert xborch, Cornhill, aSih July, 1683. Oni MSS. A9. 1040.

S Cht«flce>'i Hmfordkhiit, 2SZ. » Hist, of E»g. Vol. III. p. 374.

COWPBR EARL COWPER. 1(55

lit $ho served b Fsriiament lor the town of Hertford^ in the £rst jeir of King WilKam and Qaeen Mary, and in two other Parlia- naents in the reign of King WiUiam.

On April 23d, 16Q5, be was nominated by the House of Com- mons^ one of the twcnty-fbur principal memberft to examine Sir Ihomas Cook, and to inspect into bribery and corruption. He married Sarah, daughter to Sir Samnel Hoited, of London (^ she died Febniasy 3d> 1719> aged seventy-sit, and is buried at Hert« ingfordbory, in Hettfordshire), and left issue two sons,

1. WiUiana, first Earl Cowper, and

3. Spencer Cowper, Esq. who, on the accession of George L * t6 the throne, was appointed Attorney-General to the Prince o( Wales, and on July 12ih, 1717, constituted Chief Justice of (tester. In 1727 he was made Attorney-General of the duchy ^ of Lancaster; and on October 14th following, called to the de- gree of Serjeant at Law, and afterwards made one of the Judges of the Coort of Common Pleas.* He first married Pennington, daughter of John Goodere, Esq. ; secondly, Theodora, widow of John Stepney, Esq. and departed this life at his chambers in UncoilnVFnn, on December 10th, 1728, leaving issue, by his first wife, three sons,

J . William Cowper, Esq. Clerk of the House of Lords, who died at his house in the Old Palace Yard, Westminster, in Fe- bruary 1739-40, leaving issue a daughter, Judith, eminent for her poetical talents, married to Colonel Madan, who died 1756, (by whom she was mother of the present Bishop of Peterborough) 5 and two sons, of whom Major William Cowper" married, in 1749, his cousin. Miss Madan, and was seated at the Park near Hertford. 2* Rev, John Cowper, D. D. Rector of Great Berk- hampttead, in Hertfordshire; an ingenious man, of some poetical. tslents, who died 1756, having married, first, Anne, daughter of Roger Donne, Esq. of Ludham Hall, in Norfolk, who died in cbiU&ed, at the early age of thirty- four, in 1737, and has a mo- naaient to the chancel of St. Peter's church, at Berkhampstead, ioBCcibed with some verses by Lady Walsingham.* By this Lady

■ Salmon*8.H<rrfordshire, p» 53.

< He was naemorable for a trial regarding ao unfortunate death $ which majr be seen in ihe Chrunidet of the Day, and in the State Trials.

■ I presume the late General Spencer Cowper was another son. He was father of the present Henry Cowper, Esq. Deputy Clerk of the House of Lords, wh* itoarried his cousin, Miss Cowper.

> She was daughter of William C<)virp«r> the Judge's «ld«st son.

i66 PSERAGE OF ENOLAND.

Dr. Cowper had isMC, J . Wiltiam Cowper, tbe Poet,« author of The Task, born November 26th, 1731, died single, J 800. 2. ' JobDy born 17^7, Fellow of Bene't college, Cambridge, died March SOth, 17/0. Aihley Ckx>per, third sod of the Judge, died 1788, having bad three daughters 5 of whom, one was widow of r Sir Robert Hesketh, Bart.$ aootber married to Sir Archer Ciofc, Bart. ; and (he third ^ngle.

William, first Earl Cowfbr, w^s brought up to the study of the laws, wherein be was such a proficient, that, soon after his being called to the bar, he was chosen Recorder of Colchester { and appointed one of tbt King*s Counsel, in the reign of King William, whereby his learning and oratory appeared the more conspicuous. On the accession of Queen Anne, be was continued as her Counsel in the laws,y till he .was made Lord Keeper of the . Great Seal of England, on October 11 rh, 1705 1 and in conside-. ration of his great merits and atsiUties, her Majesty, on November gth, 1706, advanced him to the digotfy of a Peer of this kingdom, by the style and title of Loao^CowPEA, Baroh Cowfrr op WiNGHAM, in Kent, The same year he was one of the Commis- noners for the treaty of Union l^etween England and Soptlaod : and on May 4th, 1707, her Majesty, in Council, declared him Load High Chancvllor of Gfcat Britain; whijcb be continued till September 14th, 1710, upon the change of the ministry. On the demise of the Queen, he was nominated 'one of the Lords Justices of the kingdom, till the arrival ^f Kipg George I. from Hanover, who, on September 22d, four daysaficr hislaadmg in . England, declared him Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain ; and bis Maj^ty dissolving his .Privy*Conncily and appointing a new one to meet, on October 1st, 1714, bis Lordship, being then Lord Chancellor, took his placQ^at the board, next to the Arch- bishop of Canterbury. On Fcbruar}-^6ih, 1716, his Lordship was appointed Lord High Steward of Great Britain, for tbe trial of the Rebel Lords. Apd his Majesty, in consideration of his great abilities and merits, was pleased to advance him to the dignity of Earl Cowfer, March 18, 1717-18. But his Lordship, in May following, resigned th^ teals. His excellent speeches against the South>sea scheme, and in behalf of Dr. Atterbury, will eternise his name to posterity.

He was also Lord-Lieutenant and Custoa. Rotulorum of the

« See Hiyley*8 Life •£ Cowper. T Pointer't ChroB. Hiit. Vol. II. p.'53i. > lUd* p. 770.

COWPER EARL COWPER. lO?

waO/Cf of Ilcgtftiid, one of the governors of the Charter-bousey aad Fellow of the Royal Society. In all his sta'iions he acted with itrict integrity } and it is to his honour that he refused the new year^a gifUj which former Lords Chancellor received from the ooonael, thinking it an ill precedent^ tending to corruption $ fKhicb example has since been followed by all in that high station. He had a gracefbl person^ wir.ning aspect ; and all his speeches were delivered with that eloquence, learning, and judgment, as aide him nnivcnally api^auded j and shewed he had no superior in the knowledge of the laws, or in any other subject he applied

hkDKiiflO.

Ut. SmoUet observes, that England by his death, '« lost a wortliy BoUeman, who had twice discharged the office of Lord Chancellor^ with equal diaoeroment and integrity. He was pro* Ibnadly skilled in the laws of his country ; in his apprehension qoick and penetrating, in hid judgment dear and determinate. He possessed a manly eloquence: his manner wm agreeable, and hn deportment graceful.*' Mr. Tindal says of him, that '' he was eminent for his integrity in the discharge of the office of Lord Chanoollor, which he had twice filled. There may have been chancdlorB of more extensive learning, but none of more know- Mge in the laws of England. His judgment was quick, and yet sofid* His eloquence manly, but flowing. His manner graceful and noble.** Lord Chesterfield^ in his Letters to his Son, repre- senta Earl Cowper as nnore distinguished as a speaker, by the ele« gsnee of his language, and the gracefulness of his manner, than by tbS fiirce of his arguments. He says, *' the late Lord Chan- caUor Cowper*s strength as an orator, lay by no means in his rtasooings, for he often hazarded very weak ones. But such was the purity and elegancy of his styl**, such the propriety and charma of bis elocution, and stach the gracefulness of his nction, that he never spoke without universal applsuse. The ears and , the eyes gave him up the hearts and the understanding of the audience.'** Bnmet says* *' he managed (he Court of Chancery witfi impaflial justice, and great dispatch \ and was very useful to the House of Lords in the promoting of business.**

His Lordship had, to hb first-wife^ Judith, daughter and heir of Sir Robert Booths of London, Knight, who died ^2d April,

» Set Kif pV BW>graphia Brit. IV. |Ss; Wheie is a kwg life of thii Etfl, innni vp by Dr. Towers.

^ MoDvsBestsl latcrlfdoii.

1ft P££RdL6£ OF ENGLAND.

]705» by whom he bad an onlj 900 that died Tdcmg* Aad bjr Maiy* hi$ second Lady (who died February 5ib^ 17il3«4)y daugh-* ter of /0A» Clavering, tf Ck^pweU, in the Uahopridc of Por- ham^ Esq. had issue two sons and two daughters : 1. WUHdmi and

2. Spencer» Dean of Durham^ who married Dorothy, eldcal daughter of Charles Lord Viscount Townahend, l^ his teoond wife, Dorothy, sister of Robert Walpole, firgt e'ari of Oriurd, bat died without issue on March 25th, 1774. She survived bim^tiU IQih May, 1779. '

Lady Sarab, who died on December llth, 1758, unmarried, and was buried at Hartingfordbury ;^ and L«iy Anne, married, in 1731, to James Edward CdktoB, of Haynca-Uill, 10 BotM* shire, Esq. ; which Lady Anne deceased on March 26th, 17^*

And his Lordship departing this life at Cohie<»green, in Hert- fordshire, on October lOth, 1723, was interred in the church at Hartingfordbury, in the same county, on the 19th foilowiDg. To him succeeded his eldest son,

William, second Earl Cowpbs, who was bbm in 17Q9, and appointed, in April 1733, one of the Lords of the Bedcham- ber to his late Majesty, which he afterwards resigned. On March « 23d, 1743-4, he was constituted Lord-Lrieuteoaat and Gustos Rotulorum of Hertfordshire, and continued as such by the pre* . sent King. His Lordship was twice married; first, on June 27lh» 1732, to Lady Henrietta, youngest daughter ai»d coheir of Heor^r D'Auverquerque, Earl of Grantham f and, secondly, on May lat, 1750, to Lady Creorgiana, daughter to John Carteret, Earl Graiv ville (and widow of the Hon* John Spencer, Esq. by -^hotn the vas mother of John, first Earl Spencer^) By die said Lady Geor- giana his Lordship had no issue,^

But by his first Countess, who died in October 1747, and was buried at Hartingfordbury, he was fiUher of George, third Ead Cowper, and of

Lady Caroline, bom on June 20tb, 1733, mnried on July 24th^ 1753, to Henry Seymour, Esq. (only son and heu- of Francis Sey- mour, of Sherbouroe, in the county of Dorset, Esq. brother to Edward ei^th duke of Somerset of his fiunily), the died June 2d, 1773', and was buried at Hartingfiirdbury.

This William, second Earl Cowper, was also LL.D. and F.R.S.

c She IS said to have been diktinguisbed for her tenie and tccomf rtshveoth ' d She died 2Sth Augatt, 17^ at RichoMod, in Surrey.

OOWPER EARL COWPER. iSf

$tA (kptrttrg tbisliie en September I8tfa> 1764, at Cohie-gveen, in Herdbrdshire, was TMBrted at HartiDgfordbory, bating Mine thne befae |>refixed tbe rarname and arms of ChArxRimo to bis

owo, in obedience to the mA of Clavering, Esq. bis mo*

ther^s brocber, wbo left bim bis estate on tbat coadifion.

Gsoses Nassau, thikd Eabl Cowpbr, was bom on August SMi, 17d8> and at bis baptism, on tbe 17tb of next montb, bad 4be kte King, Cbarles Duke of Grafton, and tbe Priticess Amelia all personally present, for bb sponsors. On tbe deceaae of George Haniflon, Esq. wbicb bappened ou December 7f 17^9> bis Lord- ship was elected, in bis room, member for tbe town of Hertford; a large estate baving fallen to bim before, on tbe deatb of the beforementioned Earl of Grantham, December 5tb, 1754. His Lordship, oil January 31st, 177^* ^as created a Count of tbe Holy Roman Empire; on June 2i, 177 S, be was married at Florence, to Anna, daughter of Cbarles Gore, of Soatbampton^ Esq.- by wbom be bad issue three sons.

1. George Augustus, fourtb Earl.

3. Leopold*Louis Francis, present Earl.

3. Edward Spencer, born at Florence July l6th, 1779, elected M. P. for Hertford, 1806, I8O7.

His Lordship died at Florence, December 22d, 1789; and was sDocccded by bis eldest son,

GaoROB-AuousTus, fousth Earl Cowper, born at Flo* reoce^ August 9tb, 1770; who dying unmarried, February 12th, J 799, was succeeded by bis brother,

Leopold-Louis FaAitcis, fifth Earl Cowper, born at Flo- rence, May 6tb, 17/8. His Lordship married, July 21st, 1806, the Hon. Amelia I^mbe; daughter of Peniston Visoount Mel- bourne.

Tiilef. Leopold I^uis Francis Cowper, Earl Cowper, Viscount Fordwicb, Baron Coivper of VVtngbam, and Baronet of England aod Nora Scotia.

Creations. Baronet, March 4th (l641-2>, ]7tb Car. L; Baron Cowper, of Wingham, in Kent, November 9th (I706), 5 Queen Anne; Viscount Fordwicb in the same county, and Earl Coi^per, March IStb (I717), 4 George L

Arms. l\rgent, three Martlets, and a Chief engrailed, Gules; 00 tbe latter as many Annulets, Or.

CresL On a wreath, a T>ion*8 gamb erected and erased. Or, ' holding a branch Vert, fructed Gulcfl.

i;o PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Sttppofters. On each tide, a light dud horui, with a largp blaze down his face, his mane close shoro, all bat a tuft upon hit withers^ a black list down his back, a bob tail, and three white feet ; viz. his hind feet and near ioot before.

Motto. TUUM BST.

Chief Seats. At Colne Green, in the county of Hertford; and at Ratling-Court, in the county of Kent ; which latter has been nothing more than a very mean &rni-house for above a oentuiy. The seat at the Moat, near Canterbury, has been latdy pulled down.

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE. ^ '

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE.

Th« immetfiatc foundf r of this nobJe family was the honourable Albxawdm Stanhope,* Esq. only son to the right honourable Philip Earl of Chcsterffrld, by his second Lady, Anne, daughter of Sir John Pakington, a Privy Counsellor, and favourite of Qoeen EliMbelh. Tn the reign of Charles II. he was Gcntleraan- nshcr to the Queen ; and on the accession of King William to the crown, bis Majesty nominated him his Envoy Extraordinary to Charles IL King of Spain.

He set oat for that kingdom the latter end of December 1689, tod resided there several years, honoured by his Catholic Majesty and bis ministry, as well as in favour with his own Sovcreicrn,* who afterwards appointed him Envoy Extraordinary to the States General. He continued in the same character in the reign of Qaeen Anne, till, at Lis earnest request, he was recalled about October 1706. He died the year after, on September 20lh, hav- ing faithfully and successfully acquitted himself in many difficult and iroporunt negociations during sixteen years tliat he resided abroad.

By Catharine hU wife, daughter of Arnold Burghill, of Thinge- MH-Parva, in com. Heref. Esq. (the chief of a knightly family; iineally descended from Sir Humphrey Burghill, of BuigbiU, in

« P«ft of h:$ portion w« the Lordshtp of Hart«hprn, in Derbyshire^ near A»Kby dela Zouch, co. Leic. At this place was born, on March 5th* 1660, tlie learned Dr. George Stanhope, Dean of Canterbury, whose father, the Rev. Thomas Stanhope, v as Rector hete under the patronage of the Chesterfield fa* mily 5 and was ton of Dr. George Stabhope, Precentor of York, who died 1644, The D«an died March i8tb, 1 728, aged fixty-eighr. Hit wife warOUvr, aitieg •f Cbirlcf Cotton, the P.et. Sre rcdtTs Dtam if Canterbiuy, 187.

ijt PBIRAGE OF JENGLAND.

the same county, living in the reign of King William Rufiis), he had two daughters 5 Catharine, who died unmarried, and Mary, one of the Maids of Honour to Queen Anne, married to Charles Fane, of Basleton, in com. Berks, created Lord Viscount Fane, and Baron of Lougbajrre^ in the county of Limerick, in Ireland, 17195 **she died 17th August, 176a, ^ed seventj-sixj and five sons:

1. James, of whom I am principally to tneat.

2. Alexander, who' died at sea in his £itfaer^s lifetime.

3. Philip, who was Captain and Commander of the Mil£>rd man of war, employed in the Mediterranean service, unfortu- nately killed on September 28th, 1708, in attacking the castle of St. Philip, in the Island of Minorca (a generous bravery, and na- tural passion for a dear brother, urging him to bear a part in the land service on shore), whose loss was generally lamented.

4. Edward, Colonel of a r<^iment of foot, who likewise lost his life in the service of his country, at the siege of Cardona, in Spain, on December 23d, 1711. His remarkably bnwcay, in the defence of the important post where he was stationed, boioff esteemed the principal occasion of the relief of that pla^.

5. William^ bom at Madrid about the year lOgi, who died on infant.

James, the oldest son, beforementioned, left the univenity of Oxford at seventeen or eighteen years of age, to accompany hi* father to Spain, and after some stay there, travelling into Italr served a volunteer under the Duke of Savoy, afterwards King of Sicily and Sardinia. In l6g4, going a volunteer into Ebndcrs, he was presently taken notice of by King William, who made him a Captain, with the rank of Lieutenaut*oo]one), in his regi- ment of Foot Guards. In 1695, when Namur was besi^od, though not on duty, he nevertheless went a voluotccr on the at' tack of the counterscarp, and giving extraordinary proofs, of his courage and conduct, was wounded and utterly disabted. In 1700, he was elected a Member for Newport in the Isle of Wiglit, which was the last Parliament called by King William^ and c«mi. stantly serving in the House of Cbmmons (tUl he was created a Peer), distinguUhed himself on the debates therein on several occasions. /

In 1702, he was a volunteer in the expedition under tlie Duke

^ * Coflii-pltte. y

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE. 173

of Ormond to Cadiz; and behaved with great gallantly on the attack of the fort of RodeodaUo, the taking whereof greatly con* tribqted to destroying the galleons at Vigo. The year after, be embarked wil3i Charies HI. King of Spain, and landing with hini in Portugal, served in that kingdom till the Earl of Peterborough's czpeditioQ in the Mediterranean. He was made a Brigadier-* gjOttaA, Aiigosc 35th, 1704, and acquired great honour in the liege of Baicdona -, whk;h surrendered to the allies on October pth, N. S. 1705. He was declared soon after Envoy Extraordt- oaiy and nenipotentiaiy to King Charles HI. and in that cha« raeter arrived with his Catholic Majesty at Valentia, October 2d, 1706; and was made Major-general of her Majesty's foftes Ja- nuary 1st, 1706-7.

In 17O6, he was declared Commander in Chief of the Britidi forces in Spain ; and arriving at Barcelona May 29th, N. 8. hit first enterprize was the reduction of the celebrated port of Maboa ia the Island of Minorca. He landed on that island, September idth, lf08, and immediately possessed himself of the town of Mabow, and the whole country soon appeared in his isterests but the castle holding out, great difficulties were found in land«^ tog and transporting our heavy artillery, through a ooontry very rocky, and destitute of beasts of burthen 5 yet with continual labour the artillery was brought up in twelve days, and oa Sep- tanber 28th began to batter the castle ; and some of the grena- diers getting into the line without orders. General Stanhope took ' the ordinary guard of the battery, and advanced to that part of the line next to him. The enemy were in so great a constcma* lion at the sudden approach of our troops, that finding we were kx^ped at the foot of the glacis of the castle, and our main bat* tery ready to play upon it, they, on the morning following, beat a parley, and at ^vc in the afternoon the capitulation was signed §x the delivery, of it the next morning. The garrison consisted- of above 1000 men under arms ; part of whom were to be trans* ported io our ships to Prance, the others into Spain. There were fooad 100 cannon, 3000 barrels of powder, and all other neces- •sries for a good defence. In 1 709, he embarked with 8000 men ffx the relief of Alicant, then besieged -, and arriving before it in April that year, all the three-deck ships were ordered to fire upon the town and batteries of the enemy ; but a violent east wind arisiog, fi>rced the ships out for sea-room ; and tempestuous wea- ther lasting 4oroe days, thei enemy took that opportunity to fortify the shore in all places where landing was practicable* Wiiere*

174 PEERAGE OF EN6LAK0.

upon General Stanhope observing it was tm{>o«8ibIe to throw sac-» coon of men and prorisions into the castle* capitolated for the same on honoarable terms, and received the garrison. In t7lO, the signal victory at Almenara, July 27th, was, under God» owiog"^ to his prudent condnct and valiant deportment |. lor. which the then King Chades returned him particular thanks* Chi August 20th, N. S. following, the French and Spaniards^ were defeated at Saragossa; and on September 21st, he took possession of Ma* drid for King Charles.

On the accesdon of George I. he was, for hia faithfbl services^ sworn one <^ the Principal Secretaries of State, and of the Privy Council, September 24th> 1714, six days after bb Majesty's land- ing in England, and four after his public entry through the city of London.

This appointment he owed to the inffoence of Townshend, and the friendship of the Walpoles^ and possessed their implicit confidence. On July 7th, 17i^» he accompanied tlie King to Hanover. *^ As Townshend himself, on account of hit wifeTa pregnancy, declined going thither, his colleague* was to be i«r trusted with that important service j he was to keep the Ring steady to bis ministers in England, and to watch and baffle the intrigues which might be formed to remove them. Stanhope ap- peared peculiarly qualified for this task. A long and iatiiliatc connection with Walpole had bound them in the strictest tics of friendship; and when Walpole recommended him to Townshend, he answered for his integrity as for his own. Stanhope himself had made no application for the office of Secretary. His #ciqueiit residence in camps, and skill in the profession of arms, rendered him, in bis o^n opinion, mere fit for a military than a civil sta- tion; and when Walpole proposed it, he considered the offer as a matter of raillery, and applied his hand to his avord. It was not till after much persuasion, and the most solemn as»uranceat that his compliance would materially contribute to the security of the new administration> that he was induced to accept the poat.

** One of the principal charges which Stanhope had rrceived from his friends in England, was to be on his guard against the intrigues of Sunderland : who had, under the preteiioe of ill health, obuined the King's permission to go to Aix-la-Chapelie. Although at the time of his departure, he had given the moat positive aasurancfs of repentance and concern for his late endea* ¥oars to remove his colleagues ', and after the most solemn pro* fossioos.of ijDpentance and dniou, had condescended to ask their

STAKHOPE EAEL STANOOPE. f$

•dtiee for the rcgnhtum of hu ecmdiict at Haoorcr, to wUek pboe he ioteoded tc^aj^j for karo to proceed ; Towntbeod and Walpole sospedrd .Jbts stooerity } they bad experienced bis abiH- tiei i tliej koew lib ambitioo $ and thejr dreaded the atceodancy which he mi^t obtaioi through the channel of the HaaoveriaDa» over the King. But they implicicly trusted in the sagadty aad iBlqgri^ of Stanhope, either to prevent his appearaooe at Han- over, or, if he came, to counteract his yiews. Stanhope, bowjever, did not follow tlieir directions ; for, when Sunderland demanded aceeas to the King, instead of opposing, he promoted the request with all :his influence. '

*' The mode of correspondence adopted during his continuance in ^mover, sufficiently proved the unbounded ji^onfidence planed in Stanhope* In this con6dential correspondence, Townshend and Walpole stated freely their objections to the continental- po* litics, declared their dtssetisfaction at the interference of the Ha- noveriaiia, and their contempt at their venal and interested conduct, lliey therefore put it in his power to betray their private sentiments, and to increase the aversion of the Hanoverian iiinto. The sedoction, therefore, of Stanhope from his ianaer friends, was a master piece of art ; at the defection of the person in whom they placed the most implidc confidence, rendered every attempt to baffle the efforts of Sunderland ineffectual, because tbe mine was not discovered until it was sprung.

''At what precise period, or by what inducement Stanhope was gained by Sunderland, cannot be positively ascertained ; but fipom tbe general disinterestedness of his character, I am led to conclude, that he did not lightly betray bis friends, or yield to the aoggestions of Sunderland, from venal or ambitious motives. The private infbrmatioQ I have received, and the letters which paased between Stanhope and Walpole^ seem to prove, tbat Sun- (lerlaad had convinced him, tbat the English Cabinet were secretly counteracting the conclusion of the allisnce with France; that their opposition to the Northern transactions, was a dereliction of the prindples on whith the Revolution was founded ; and he was made to believe, that his friend Walpole had broke bis word with tbe king, in the af&ir of the Monster and Saxe Gotba troops."**

Horace Walpole remonstrated ; and Stanhope, being affected, acknowledged he had been derived by false suggestions. Horace W^pole was satisfied. Stanhope seemed to act in conformity to ha promises > Sunderland seemed confounded $ the Hanoverians

» CMC's SlrK. Wa)p^.

%jd P£BEA6E OF ENGLAND.

■bMhedi «nd tiie King IncKiipd to roeover hk formxiaAM^m Bod compltoency. But these appearancea were decdtlbl. Dig* paielMB wem soon brought fr^n Staohope, aanoaodog Che King^s commaad to remove Townsbeod from the oOce of Sooretarf of Slate } and to offer him the Lord Lieuteaanoy of Ireland. Thia ^•mUsion caused great discontents ^ and Sonderiand and Sran- hope were so much atanaed^ as to make eveiy specious eacose lor their conduct. Townsbend and Walpole continued for a abort time to support the administration j but as it soon appeared that the King placed his chief confidence in Sunderland and Stanhope, the support of the two former becaaoe cohi i and on BXk Important question in the House of Commons, Watpole main- tained a profound sUoice. This was revenged on Townriiend, bj a letter from Staubo^, announcing his final dismissal. Wal- po|e> Devonshire, Orford, Methuen, and Pdlteney, resigned; and Stanhope was appointed ^ri^ L&rd oftk$ Trettsury, and Chancel^ lor rf the Exchequer} Sunderland and Addison Seapetaries of State \ the Duke of Bolton Lord Lieutenant of Ireland ; and tb« Dnke of Newcastle Lord Ghambertain ; the Earl of Berkeley fii^ Lord of the Admiralty $ and the Duke of Kingston, Lord Privj Seal.^'

On July 2d following (viz. 17 1 7), he was promoted to tb# dignity of a Viscount of Great Britain, by the style and title of Lord Viscount Stanbopb, of Mahon^ in the Island of Afinorca ^ as likewise Bakon Stanropb, of Elvaston, in the county of' Derby, with limitation, for want of heirs-male, to Thomas Stan* hope, of Elvaston \ and his brothers, Charles (then Secretary to the Tlreasory), and William (afterwards Earl ef Hamingt^fu)

The Lord Viscocint Stanhope was again sworn, March 25th^ 1718, Principal Secretary of State, in the room of the Earl of Sunderland, who, by mutual agreement, had tbe place of &ftt Commissioner of the Treasury; and on April 14th following^ wtm further advanced to the dignity of an Earl of this kingdom, by die title of Eail STAWHOfB. On June 14th ensuing, he set out for Paris, to bring to a conduskm the negodstions fin* a ge- nerad peace, the Spaniards at that time having attacked Sicily. He arrived at Pftris four days af\er his departure from London | and his Lordship having disposed the French Court to an accom- modation, signed on July 6th, 17 IS, he travelled to Madrid for the same end, intent on the pubRc service. And having, on August 4lh, received a pass from the King of Spain, he proceeded from Bayonne, the next dqr, on his journey to MadrnL His

c Coae*i Sir R. Wat^ole.

STAHHOPE EARL STANHOPE. l7r

iM&Mp arrived tber« on August 12th; aud on the 14th went to IVcsnera^ a seat within half a league of the Escurial, where Cardiaal Alberoni had caused very commodiotis lodgings to be fitted up for him. The same evenings his Lordship, by appoint* ment^ went to the Cardinal, at the Escurial, and had a long con> feienoe with hkn. But *' his overtures were rejected with con- teoipt," sayB Coxe. ^' Stanhope's immediate departure from Spain became the signal for war; the French troops advanced; Adodral B3mg attacked, captured, and destroyed the greater part ci the Spanish fleet. The King of Spain disappointed in his hopes of making an impression on England, by the death of Charles XII. and the defection of the Czar, was compelled to dismiss Alberoni, and accede to the Quadruple Alliance.**<^ His Lordships taking audience of leave of the King and O.ueen of Spain on August 22d, set out early the next morning, and arrived at Whitehall on September^ 22d, in the morning, and proceeded to Hampton-Court, to wait on his Majesty.

On May C)th. 17 W» ^^^ Majesty declaring in coancii his inten- doD of going out of England for a short time. Earl Stanhope was appointed one of the Lords Justices : but attending on his Majesty in Germany, he was meditating to obtain a redress of the griev- ances of the Protestants there, who were pnder persecution ; to which end he brought about an interview between their Britannic ' and Pm^ian Majesties.

He returned to England with his Majes^ in November, and on December 23d, lyiQ, set out for the court of France. And returning, set out again for that court, arriving at Paris on March 2dth, 1720, and the next day had audience of the Duke of Or- leans, the Regent, on overtures made by the King of Spain. His Lordship returned to Whitehall, on April 2d following, having broaght the King of Spain to accede to the quadruple alliance. On June llth, 1720, he was again declared one of the Lorda ' Justices; and attending the King to Hanover, several weighty matters relating to the Protestant interest in the Empire were set- tled, and a foundation laid for eflR^tually redressing the grievances of the ProtesUnts in those parts. After his return to England, while he was attending the great affairs of the nation in Parlia- meot, he was suddenly seized with a dizziness in his head, on February 4th, 1720-1, and going immediately to his own house by the Cockpit at Whitehall, died* the next day in the evening,

« Coxe, 114. * Oa kit death, Towoihend again succeeded to the office of Secretary of State.

VOL. IV. V

178 PEERAGE OF EKOLAND.

leaviog his Lady big with child, who deceased on Febroarf %khf 1721^-3. They were both interred at Chevei^ing, in Kent 5 and the £arl at his funeral, by^ the King's command, was attended by the Horse-grenadiers, two hundred of the Life-gpards, and tW6. battalions pf the Foot-guards -, all their Oncers being in cypress mourning scarfs and hat-bands, with all other honours due tp a great General -, his Majesty's and the Prince's coaches, with those of the nobility, &c. being in the procession.

He married on February 24th, i7l'^-l3, Lucy, youngest daugh- ter of Thomas Pitt, of Boconnoc, Cornwall, Esq. sometime Go- vernor of Fort St. George, in the East Indies, and left issuer by her,

1. Philip second Earl Stanhppe, and Lucy, a daughter, twioa» bom on August I5tb, 1714.

2. George, bom on December 28th, 1717> ¥^hom his Majesty honoured with his presence at his baptism, being one of his god- ferthers. On April 23d, 1/43, he was made Lieutenant-cdonel to Lord Harry Beauclerk's regiment of foot, from being Captain in Cdonel Duroure's regiment. He after had the command of Colonel Ligonier's regiment, with which he behaved very gal- lantly on January 17th, 1746, at Falkirk; where he resolutely maintained his ground against the rebels, till Barrel's regiment, commanded by Colonel Rich, came up to his assistance, which gave time to some of his Majesty's broken regiments tp rally* who thereby lived to conquer at Culloden -, in which battle he again coomianded the same regiment, and was one of the four that gained the greatest gloVy. He had the character of untainted honour ; and dying unmarried January 24thj»I754, was interred in the family vault at Chevening« in Kent^^^w

James, third son, born August 19th, 1721 (twin bora with Car therine Posthumous, who died young) who died in the tenth year •f his' age, April 21st»1730.

GertniK% born 1718, «ho died young; and .

lady Jane, born October 30th, 1719.

Philip, the second Earl Stanhope, succeeded his father on February 5th, 1720-I, and on April 13th, 1731, was one of the six Earls who supported the pall at the funeral of Frederick late prince of Wales. His Lordship, in 1745, married the Lady Grizel Hamilton, daughter <^ Charles Lord fiinning, sister to Thomas Earl of Haddington, by whom he had issue two sons,

1. Philip Lord Viscount Mahon, who died at Geneva June 6th, 1763) and.

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE. 179

2. Charks, now End SUohope.

His Lordship died March 7tb, 1786, having led a life dedicated prindpaUy to scientific pursuiis, in which he had the fame of great pioficiencj. He was socceeded by his only surviving son,

Charles, thisd and present Eael, bom August 3d, 1/53; and educated principally at Geneva. While a Commoner, he represented 19 Barlianwnt the borough of Chipping Wycomb. His Lordship married, first, December 19th, 1774, Lady Hester Pitt, sister to the present Earl of Chatham j and by her, who died July J 6th, 178O, had issue,

1. Lady Hester-Lucy, bord March 12th, 1776.

2. Lady Griselda, bom July 21sl, 1778, married August 20lh, 1800, John Tickell, Esq.

3. Lady Lucy-Rachacl, bora February 20th, 178O, married, April 26th, 1796, Thomas Taylor, Esq. and has issue.

His Lordship married, secondly, March I2th, 178I, Louisa, only daughter and heir of Henry Grenvile, Esq. uncle to the present Marquis of Buckingham, by whom he has issue,

4. Philip Henry, Viscount Mahon, bora December 7tb, 178I, M- P. for HuU, I8O7, nnarried, November 9th, 1803, the Hon. CatherinerLqcy Smith, fourth daughter of Lord Carrington, by whom he has a son, bora March 17th, 1 806.

5. Charles Banks, bora June 3d, 1785.

e. James, bom September 7th, 1788, a Lieutenant, with the rank of Captain, in the first Begiment of Foot Guards. His Locdship is eminent for his scientific genii^.

KiUs. Charles Stanhope, Earl Stanhope, Viacount Stanhope of Mahon, and Baron of Elvaston.

CretUions. Baron Stanhope, of Elvaston,^ in com. Derby, and Viscount Stanhope, of Mahon, in the Island of Minorca, in the Meditenanean, July 12th, 17^7,^ George I. and Earl Stanhope* April 14th, 17I8, 4 George I.

Amu and CresL The same as the Earl of Chesterfield; a Crescent difiecence.

Supporters. ^ On the dexter side, a Talbot, ermine; on the nmster, a wolf. Or, ducally crowned. Azure; each charged on the shoulder with a Crescent, Azpre.

Motto. A Dbo bt Bbob.

Chirf Seat. At Chevcniog, in the county of Kent.

180 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

SHERARD EARL OF HARBOROUGH.*

RoBBRT Shbraid becamc possessed pf the Lordship of Staple- ford, in Leicestershire, in 1402, by marriage with Anne, daughter aod coheir of Sir Laurence Hawberk, Knt.

Oar antiquarians agree, that this familjr is descended from ' Shirabd, who lived in the time of the Conqueror ; and held divers manors and lands in the counties of Chester and Stafibrd ; ' amongst others, the manor and lordship of Cheielton, co. Staff. ; ' and the manors of Badington, or Bebington, and Broomhall ; and of Wallej, and Moynes, and Wilne, and divers other lands and possessions in the county Palatine of Chester, as appears by Domesday Book. The said Suiraro, in the time of Hugh Lnpus^ first Earl Palatine of Chester, gave to the abbey of St. Werburg^ within the city of Chester, the church or <;hapel of BebingtoD^ with four oxgangs of lands, and the tythe of that manor, and the tythe of Bromhall, and of Walley, &c. as appears by the foundation charter of that abbey, dated IO93. He had three sons.

1. Richard, his eldest son, was sumamed Lanceiin, from the manor of Lanceiin, co. Chesh.

2. Pteter, whose descendants took the name of Chedleton, freat that Lordship 3 and ended in an heiress, married to William Bromley.

3. Robert, who retained the name of Shbrabd, was Lord of * the manor of Bromhall, and divers other lands in Cheshire^ temp. R. Steph. He had issue,

« For improvements in this article, as well u that of $hirte]r, the Qoiii|uler 19 Adebted to Mr. ITiciolit Hi9tvrj ^ Lt'tHiUrMrtp

SHERARD EARL OF HARBOROUGH. 181

• Walter Sberard, who died 1185^ leaving issue,

HuMPURBT Sherard^ Lord of Thornton, co. Chesb. who died 1191. His son was,

Thomas Sherard, of Thornton ; who by the daughter of Sir William LemiDgham, in llffl, had issue,

Robert Sberard, of Thornton)^ who by the daughter of Tho« mas Birmingham, 1269, was father of

Sir Thomas Sherard, of Thornton ; who by Joan, daughter of Sir John Entwisle, 1272, had issue,

Edmund Sherard, second son, heir to his brother, 1283,. who by Mary (who died 1293), daughter of Thomas Grosvenor, of Cheshire, had

William Sherard, who died 1301 > leaving issue by Anna- bella, daughter of John de Bredsall,

1. Thomas Sherard 5 who by a daughter of RatcliiF, left a daughter, Isabel, married to Holford.

2. William, who was a witness to a deed of Robert Burgul- lioo, Abbot of De la Cross, in Leicestershire, 13 Edward I, 1301, and died ISO^i} leaving by the daughter of John Ashton, in Lan- cashire,

William Sherard, 1328 j who by Elizabeth, daughter of Tho- mas Venables, was father of

Sir RoBBRT Sherard, Knt. 1343,who by the daughter and heir

of Eyton, bad issue, 1. George. 2. Walter, living 1381.

3. John, living 1381, of South Lnbbenham, Rector of Bircholt, in Kent*

Gborgb Sherard, eldest son, 1375; by Joan, daughter of Ri. chard Bemers, had issue, *

Robert Sherard, already mentioned, Lord df the manor of Stapleford, in Leicestershire, 1402, in right of his wife, Anne, daughter and coheir of Sir Laurence Hawberk, Knt. relict of Sir Hugh de Calveley, Knt. He was living 141/. He had issue

Lawrence, who was sheriflF*^ of the county 6f Rutland in 1438, of Leicestershire and Warwickshire in 1443 and 1444. He bad to ** wife Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Woodford, grandson and heir of Sir Robert Woodford, of Sproxton, in Lei- cestershire, ' Knt. by whom he had issue four sons, Robert, Gef- fery, Christopher, and Willtam, who both died without issue.

Robert, succeeding to the estate, was Sheriff*' of the county

*» Radyard*s Deeds. c Fullei's Worthies in com. RutL

* He had alio ancther wiff , Margaret, wtiow of Sir ChristopUsr Folvile. * Fuljer't Worthies in Com. Roll.

181 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

of RatUnd, in 31 Henry VI. and dying witbbut issue/ Oefftry, his brother^ was beir to his estate.

Which Geffbrt was thrice Sheriffs of Rutlandshire, viz. in the 8th and 20th years of Edward IV. and in the first year of Richard III. He married Joyce^ dac^hcer of Thomas Ashby» of Loscby, in com. Leicest. Esq.** and by her (who died on Septem- ber l6th, 1490, about two ye^rs after him, and lies buried with him at Stapleford), he had seven daughters and seven sons, of whom Thomas Sherard, of Stapleford, was heir, and

Robert, second son,* was of Lobthorp, in (he parish of North- Witham, in Lincolnshire,!^ from whom the Baronets of thit Fs- mily, now extinct, were descended.

3. William, father of Thomas Sherard, of Stapleford, Esq.

4. Lawrence.

Tromas Sherard, the eldest son, was Sheriff' of the county of Rutland in 146S and 1480,"* and became possessed of the ma-' nors of Teigh and Whissendine, in the county of Rutland ; and Stansby and Gunby, in com. Line, j with other lands of inherit- ance, by marriage with Margaret, daughter and sole heir of John Hclwell," Esq. Wherein he was succeeded by

Gborgb, his son and heir,*> who resided at Stapleford, end was Sheriff of the county of Rutland, in 1345 and 1572, and of Lei- cester in 1567. He married Rohesia, or Rose, daughter of Sir Thomas Poulteney, of Misterton, in com. Leicest. Knt. and had by her six daughters :

i. Elizabeth, married to William Smith, of Cunnington, ha

f He married EUtabeth, daughter and beir ol John l>uiant» of Cotsmoce, and had by her a daug hbin Jotn, who died at two dajt old. f FuUcr*8 Worthies in Com. Rotl. h By Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Burdet, of Loaeby, ton of WiUiam Burdet, slain at Dundee, in Scotland^ 40 Edward I«

i His 83n (by hit first wife, Anne Digby)> Rowland Sherard, was father of Sir William 9herard|/Kot. whose »on, John, had by Elisabeth Browatow, Richard Sherard, Esq. who died 1668, leaving issue Sir John Sherard, created a Baronet 1674, with remainder to his brothers. Sir Richard and Sir Brownbw, who both succeeded him ; and the latter dying 1736, left issue Sir Brownlow, the last Ba- ronet, who died 174S, srr. 41, leaving no issue by his wife, Mary Sidney,, co- heiress to the last Earl of Leicester.

1^ Engl. Btronetage, Vol. III. p. 594, ft seq.

1 FuUer^s Worthies in com. Rati.

» In 1500 he built the ancient part of the present mansion.

n Son and heir of Sir John Helwell, Knt.

* There was tfn elder brother, Geoffrey, who was living heir appsrent in 1500,

«nd i5z4i and another lon^ Thomas} also a daughter, Anne, married to EUya

'•f Wjrkon, CO. line.

SHERAkD EARL OF HARBOROUGH. 183

Ltnodlnshlre, Esq. 3. Margaret, to William Dorant, of Cottes- iDore> Esq. 3. Joice, wedded to Edward Bercsford, Esq. 4. Eleanor. 5. Margery, married to Gilbert Berry, of Easton^ co. line. And, 6. Dorothy, who, with Eleanor, died unmarried.

He had also Francis ; and,

2. Thomas, who died unmarried.

Francis Sberard, Esq. succeeded to the Famity Estates, and (fied 1594, having married Anne, daughter of George Moore, of Bnme^ in Lincolnshire, by whom he had a daughter. Rose, mar- ried to John Sherard of Lobthorpe, Esq. and three sons.

1. Sir Philip Sherard, Knt. who died April 23d, l624, and was buried at Stapleford, leaving no issue by his wifq, Isabel, daughter of Sir John Harpur, of Swarkston, in Derb3rshire, Knight.

2. Sir William, who cohtinned the line.

3. Sir George, who died unmarried in ]651.

Sir WiLi.ikM,Jirst Irish Baron, received the honour of Knight- hood^ from James L at Oatlands, on July 3d, 1622; having been one of the Gentlemen Pensioners under King James L and Charles L by letters patent, dated July 10th, in the third year of his reign, created him Liord Sherard, and Baron Le Trim, in the kingdom of Ireland, His Lordship died on April l6th, l640, aged fifty-two, and was buried near his &ther at Stapleford. He married Abigail, eldest daughter and coheir of Cecil Cave, Esq third son of Roger Cave, of Stanford, in com. Northamp. Esq. by Anne his wife, daughter and sole heir to Anthony Bennet, of Green- wich, Esq. and by her (who was first married to Henry Tresham, Esq.) and who died i659,p had issue seven sonsj viz.

• Pbilpofs Cat. of Knights. F Abigail Lady Sberard, who turviTcd till 16591 possessed oncommon abili- rict, and uaboonded benevolence. The parish church of Whisseodioe, in Rut. land, where she new roofied the chance), and that at Stapleford, where she entirely rebuilt the south aile, bear testimony to her liberality. The annals of the Gilind Rebellion bear witness to her loyalty} at she was fined 500 1. November 19th, 1645, by die Committee of Sequestration, for what was then termed delinquency* She was a Lndy, also, of great taste, an admirer and collector of antiquities ; and h was in compliment to this turn that such particular paint were taken, in 1633, to illostrate t)>e fine pedigree of the Sherards, and their matches, with drawings of their monuments, arms, and portraitt in windows^ deeds, i^c. now in the pos- •esiion of the Earl of Harborough ; and which was exhibited to the Society of Antiquaries of London, in 1735, by Smart LethieulUer, Esq. together with two small pendant oval medals, having the bust of this Lady, both lA profile and full- /aced ; and on the reverst, her arms in gold and silver, gilt, made for her fune-

184 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

1. Bennet, his soccessor.

^. Philip, ancestor of the present Earl of Harborough.

3. Greorge Sherard, born 1626, died 16/0, married Anne Croc- kenbury, daughter of a merchant in the city of London ; she died 1669, leaving issue by him a daughter; a younger son, Ben- net 3 and William Sherard, his son and heir, who married

daughter and heir of Castell Sherard, of Glatton and Fdkes- worth, CO. Huntingdon 5 and had issue by her Castell Sherard, of Glatton, Esq. who, by Martha, daughter of Edward Ferrar, of Little Gidding, co. Hunt, had (besides a younger son, Bennet, who died S. P. and two daughters, Catharine and Martha, who married William Caldecot), the Rev. Castell Sherard, A. M« his son and heir, who married Jane, daughter of Richard Caiyer, Esq. of Godmanchester, co. Huntingdon, who has had issue by her, 1. The Rev. Philip Castell Sherard, A.M. bom 1767, Rce- tor of Swinshead, co. Huntingdon, 1792. 2. Rev. Robert Sherard, Rector of Birlingham, St. Peter, Norfolk. 3. Robert, 4. Ca- iyer. 5. Jennet ta, married to the Rev. Benjamin Clay, B. A. Rector of Hockerton, co. Notts. 6. Charlotte- Willielmina. 7. Louisa, wife of Charles Wale, Esq. of Shelford, Notts. 8. Frances, married, January 30th, 1795, to the Hon. Newton Fe)- lowes, of Eggesford, Devonshire, next brother to the Earl of Portsmouth.

4. Francis.

5. William.

6. Henry. And,

7. John, who all died unmarried.

Also four daughters : Anne, who died on June 7tb, l648, and was buried at Greenwich, in Kent j Emeline j Abigail, or Anne« wife of Nicholas Knolles, called Earl of Banbury ,"1 and died I6d0i and Elizabeth, who died unmarried.

Bbnnbt, second Lord Sherard, married Elizabeth, daughior and coheir of Sir Robert Christopher,' of Alford, in lincolnahire, Kut. by whom he had issue,

1. Christopher, who died unmarried, at Oxford, in 1681.

2. Bennet, late Earl of Harborough.

And two daughters: Elizabeth, born I679, married to Ed wardj,

nl. A portrait of licr, taken in 1622, when she was juit twenty -two years old, remains at Stapleford ; with one ako of her Lord, and of Bennet, their eldest son. NichoU* Leicett, I. 334.

9 Hence is descended tbe'present General KnoUes, commonly called Earl of Banbory.

' Deiccndcd fiom Judge Chri^pher.

SH£RARP EARL OF HAR£OBOUG(f. 18^

Lord A^acount IrwiD,of the kingdom of Scotland; and, secondly, to the h(Mioarable John Noel, youngest son of Baptist Noel, Vis- coont Campdeo, by his fourth wife, Elizabeth, daughter to Mon- tague, Earl of Lindsay : Lucy, second daughter, married to John Dake of Rutland, to whom she was second wife.

The said Bennet Lord Sherard, was chosen one of the Knights ioc the county of Leicester, 1678, 1679, 1^81, 1685, 1689, I69O; and OD August 28th, 169O, was constituted Gustos Rotulorum of the county of Rutland. He was a liberal encourager of the foe arts. He died January 30th, l/CX), and was succeeded in honour and estate by his only sarviving son and heir,

'Bennet, first Eabl ov Harborough, who on March 1 1th, ^^99 f was constituted Lord Lieutenant and Gustos Rotulorum of the county of Rutland; and in the I3th year of King William, was returned Knight for the county of Leicester; as also in the 12th year of Queen Anne, for the county of Rutland. On the accession of George I. in consideration of. his great services, he was advanced to the dignity of a peer of this realm, by the title of Lord Harborough, Baron of Harborough, in the county of Ldcester, by letters patent, dated October 19th, 1714, with re- mainder, for want of heirs-male of his body, to Philip Sherard, <^ Whissendine, in com. Rutland. On September 12th, 171^> he was constituted Lord Lieutenant of Rutlandshire; also was fur- ther advanced to the dignities of Viscount Sherard, of Staple- ford, by letters patent, bearing date October 31st, 17I8; and on May 8th following, created Earl of Harborough aforesaid, with remainder to Philip Sherard before mentioned. And being in the same reign. May 3d, 1719> appo'mted Lord Warden and Justice in Eyre, North of Trent, he was also, September 12tb, - 1727» by our late Sovereign, on his accession to the crown, con- tinned in the said office^ and constituted Lord Lieutenant of the ooonty of Rutland, September 16th,* 1727.

His Lordship married Mary, daughter and sole heir of Sir Henry Calverly, of Ayerholme, in the bishoprick of Durham, Knt who died before him, leaving no issue. And afterwards con- tinuing a widower, and departing this life October l6th, 1732, aged fifty five, was buried at Stapleford, where a monument is erected to his memory.

He was succeeded in bis estate and honours, by Philip, second Earl of Harborough, son and heir of Bennet Sherard, of Wisscn- 4inc, in Rutlandshire^ Esq. who was son and heir of ihc honour-

186 PEERAGE OF ENGI.AND.

able Philip Slierard^ Esq. second son to William^ who was created Lord Shcrard.

Which Philip Shcrard had the scat and estate at Whtssetidine, by the gift of bis father, and was chosen one of the Knights of the shire for the county of Rutland, in all the Parliaments called by Charles II. and departed this life in l6g5. He married "Mar- garet, daughter of Thonws Denton, of Hillersdcn, in com. Backs* Knt. ancestor of the late Mr. Justice Denton, one of the Judges of the Common Pleas, and widow of John Poultenry, Esq. and of William Eure, Esq. second son of William Lord Eure. He had issue by her three sons^

1. Bennet.

2. Philip, the second son, married Anne, daughter and coheir of Robert Thoroton, of Carr-Coulston, in Nottinghamshire, M D. who wrote the antiquities of that county, by whom she had issue twelve children $ of which seven survived him: 1. Robert. 2« William. 3. Bennet.* 4. Denton, who was the only survivor of the branch of Carr-Coulston, living in ^779. Robert, the eldest by his wife Elizabeth, only daughter and heir of ■ Reding, of Gotesly, in Leicestershire, Esq. bad issue one sod, Flnlip, and three daughters; whereof one daughter was relict of James More-Molyneaux, Esq. member for Haslemere, in Surry^ in 1754.

3. Denton Shcrard.

Also a daughter, Abigail, wife of John Pickering, E$q.

Bbnnkt Shcrard, of Whissendine, Esq, (eldest son and heir of Philip), was a member in the convention Parliament for the county of Rutland, as also in the two succeeding Parliaments in the reign of King William, and ditd in 17OI. He manied Do^ rot by, daughter of Henry Lord Fairfax (widow of Robert Stapyl- ton, of Wighill, Esq.) and by her (who died on January 14tb» 1744-5), had issue four sons, and six daughters 1 whereof only four survived him 5 viz. Margaret, married to Dr. John Gilbert, who was th<-n Dean of Exeter, afterwards successively Bishop of LandafF and Salisbury, and died Archbishop of York in 1761 j Mary, who died i;64, unmarried 5 and Philip, who succeeded at Earl of Harborough.

Which Philip, second Earl op Harborough, was chosen one of the representatives for the county of Rutland^ to the Par*

s Ex. RdAt, Phil. Com. Harborough.

SH£RARD EARL OP HARBOROUGH. 187

liaraent summoned to meet at Westminster, Jaly 8th, 17O8. His Lordship married Anne, sole daughter and heir of Nicholas Ped« Jcy, Esq. eldest son of Sir Nicholas Pedley, of Huntingdon, Knt.- Serjeant at Law, and by her (who died February I6lh, 1750) had issue iix sons, and eight daughters -, of the sons, five lived to maturity; viz.

1 . Benner, third Earl of Harborough, of whom presently.

2. John Sherard, Esq. Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, a Barrister at Law, and Lieutenant of the Yeomen of the Guards. In the rebellion of 1745, he first proposed, and was appointed LieuteQant-Colonel of the regiment of Volunteers, of which Lord Chief-Justice Willes was Colonel, raised for the defence of his Majesty's person and government, by the gentlemen of the Law, and died April 25tb, 1^46, unmarried, aged thirty-three.

3. Robert, the fourth Earl

4. Daniel Sherard, Esq. born June 17th, 1722, who died un- married at Port- Royal, in the Island of Jamaica, in June 1744; being then first Lieutenant of his Majesty's ship the Falmouth, commanded by Captain Colby.

5. Philip Sherard, Esq. bom March 1st, 1726-7, who taking to a military life, on April 6th, 1743, was appointed an Ensirn in the first Regiment of Foot-Guards ; promoted to be a Lieutenant, with the rank of Captain, November 29th, 1745^ to be Captain- Lieutenant, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, March 24th, 1755 5 to the command of a company, on November 18lh, 1755 j to the rank of Colonel, by brevet, on February 19th, 1762; on June 12th, 1765, was constituted third Major of the said regi- ment. On May 24th, 1768, was appointed second Major of the said regiment) on September 6th, 1777> was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General. He was also Colonel of the 69th Re- giment of Foot, and highly esteemed in the army for his bravery. Iri the Campaign of 1762, he commanded in turn as Major-Ge- . neral ; and at the afiair of the Bruckcr-Muhl, was at the head of the second Battalion of the first Regiment of British guards, and

.acquired great credit by his behaviour, on that and many oiher occasions. He died at Southwell, co. Notts., September J4th^ 1790, and was buried at Whissendiue.

Four -daughters also lived to years of maturity ; viz.

1. Lady Dorothy roairied to James Turk in gton (eldest son and heir of James Torkington, of Great Stewkley, in the county of Huntingdon, Esq.) Rector of KingVRippon, aud Stcwkley-Parva, in that county. 2. Lady Lucy died at Batb« 2yth Aprils l/Slj

188 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

uDmarried, 3. Lady Susan^ who died December 1765^ unmar* ried. 4. Lady Ursula, who died September 1/45, also ^nmar* ried.

His Lordship deceasing on July 20th, 17^0, was succeeded in bis honours and estate by his eldest son,

Bennet, thirj> Earl, who, on June 27th, 1748, married Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Ralph Earl Verney, of the kingdocn of Ireland, by whom he had no issue. Her Ladyship died June 7lh, 1756, and was interred al Stapleford j and on July 3d, 1 757, his Lordship married, secondly, Frances, daughter of the Hon. William Noel, Chief Justice of Chester, and afterwards one, of the Judges of the court of Common Pleas, and by her, who died on September I5th, 1/60, he had a daughter. Lady Frances, bom April 12th, 1759, married April 18th, 177^» Captain George Morgan, of the Foot-guards. His. Lordship took to his third wife, on March 31st, 1761, Margaret, daughter of Thomas Hill, of Tern, in Shropshire, Esq. member of parliament for Shrews- bury, by whom, on January 23d, 17^7* ^^ ^^^ ^ daughter, still- born, and a son, Bennet Lord Sherard, who died on February 21st, 1/68, And was buried at Stapleford on the 27th4 Her Lady- ship dying soon after her delivery, his Lordship married, fourthly, October 8th, 1767, Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Cave, of Stanford-hall, in Leicestershire, Bart. LL.D. one of the Knights of the shire for the county of Leicester. By whom, who survived till March 5th, 1797> ^^ ^^^ "o issue. His Lordship dying February 24th, 177O, was succeeded by his eldest surviving brother,

Robert, the fourth Earl of Hareorouoh, born October 1st, 1719 ; who entering into holy orders, was Rector of Teigh, in Rutlandshire; and Weston, in Huntingdonshire; likewise I'rebendary and Canon Residentiary of Salisbury; also Prebendary of Southwell, in Nottinghamshire: his Lordship resigned his ecclesiastical preferments in 1773> except the Prebend of Salisbury. He first married. May 17th, 1762, Catherine, eldest daughter and coheir of Edward Hearst, Esq. of Salisbury; she dying Fe- bruary 5th, 1 765, without issue, he secondly, married, in January 1767, Jane, tUlest daughter of William Reeve, of Melton Mow- bray, in Leicestershire, Esq. by whom he had a son, Philip, fifth Earl, born October lOlh following, and a daughter.

Lady Lucy, born October I76g, married, in 179O, Sir Thomas Cave, Bart. MP. for Leicestershire, who died January 1 6th, i7{)'^f •'^ged twenty six; and she manied, secondly, August 20tl), 1/9S, the IIoo. Philip Pusey, uncle to the Earl of Radiior.

SHERARD EARL OF HARBOROUGH. 189

His second wife dyiag at Bath in November 1770^ his Lord- ship on Majr 25tb, 177'^ ^^** tbirdly, married to Dorothy, daugh- ter and heir of William Roberts, of Glaiston, in Rutlandshire, Esq. who died at Bristol, September 17th, 17SI, and by whom he had a daughter. Lady Dorothy Sophia, bom April 17th, 1775. She died 5th November, 178I, and was buried at Stapleford.

His Lordship died at Stapleford, on Sunday, 21st April, 1799, aet 80, and was succeeded by his only son,

Philip, fifth Earl, who married, July 1st, 1791, Eleanor, daughter of Colonel John Monckton, of Fineshade, in Northamp- shire (cousin to Viscoupt Galway), by whom he had issue,

1. Lucy Eleanor, born May 20th, I7g2,

2. Anna Maria, born 1794.

3. A daughter, born 1795.

4. Philip, present Earl.

5. A daughter, bom June 21st, I799.

6. A daughter, born July 3d, 1802.

His Lordship died December 9th, 1 8O7, and was succeeded by his son, *

Philip, present and sixth Earl of Harborouoh, born Au- gust 26ih, 1797.

THles. Philip Sherard, Earl of Harborough, Baron of Har- borough in England, and Baron of Le Trim, in the kingdom of Ireland.

Creations. Baron of Le Trim, in Lreland, Jdly lOlh, I627, 3 Car. L : Baron of Harborough, in the county of Leicester, Oc- tober 19th, 1714, I Geo. L: and Earl of Harborough aforesaid, May 8th, I719> 5 Geo. L

,Ain9. Argent, a Chevron, Gules, between three torteaux.

Crest. In a ducal coronet, Or, a peacock's tail, erect, proper*

Supporters. Two rams argent, armed and unguled. Or*

Motto. HosTis HovoRi Invidia.

Ckirf Seats. At Stapleford io the county of Leicester; and at Glaston, Rutlandshire.

100 P££EAG£ OF ENGLAND*

PARKER* EARL OF MACCLESFIELD.

This family was founded by Thomas Parker, an eminent Lawyer, who rose to the dignity of Tuord High Chancellor, and Earl of Maccle^eld, He was son of Thoman Parker, an Attorney, ^t Leake, in Staffordshire.

« That this name was anciently wrote Le Parker, ii evident from our record : Will (am le Parker, in 127 1, *had a grant of free warren in all his lands in Ecdes, Lesingham, HapesSurg, Brumsted, and Shaleham, in .the county of Norfolk.

Thomas Parkeryf was seated at Bulwel, and a person of such ample posses* sioni, that in the reign of Richard II. he had to wife Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Adam de Gotham, son bf Thomas ^e Gotham, of Lees, son of Roger de Gotham, of Lees, near Norton, in the county of Derby, of which lordship he was also owner, and now retains the name of Norton Lees. He had by the same Etiubeth, three S7ns{ Robert, who continued the line ; Thomas, of Nortoo Lees, who had an only daughter, married to Thomas Moore, of Gteen Hill i and William, seated at Shirland, in Derbyshire*

Robert Parker, his eldest s'>n, was seated at Norton-Lees $ and with his younger brother, William, was certified, in 12 Henry VL among the gentlemen of the county of Derby,t who then, pursuant to an act of parliament, made oath for the observance of the la a s, for themselves and reuiners.

The said Robert having married Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of John Birley, of Barnes, had issue several children ; of whom, the eldest son, Johv Parker, of Norton- Lfes, was at full age in 12 Henry VI. for he also, being then wrote of Norton,^ made oath with his father for the observation of the laws. The said John had to wife Ellen, daughter of Roger North, of Walkringham, in Nottiog • hamshire, ancestor to the present Earl of Guilford, by whom he had issue fiv« sons, and four daughters ; John Parker, of Norton-Lees, the eldest san, married

■ - ^

* Cart. 56 Hen. HI. p. 1. f Ex Scemnute, and Visiution of Derbyshire, 16x1. t Faller*a Worthies in com. Derbyshire. f Ibid.

PARKER EARL OP MACX3LESFIELD. 191

He was born at Leake aforesaid, and applying himself to the study of the laws, grew so eminent in the profession, that he was appointed one of the Counsel to Queen Anne ; and being called to the degree of Serjeant at law, June 8th, 1705, the motto of the riz^ delivered on that occasion to Queen Anne, and Prince Geoige of Denmark, was Moribus, ArmiSi Legibus, He was the same day appointed the Queen*s Serjeant, and had the honour of Knighthood conferred on him. He was member^of Parliament for Derby from 1705 to 17O8. On March 15th, 1709.10,*» he was constituted Lord Chief Justice of the Xing's Bench | and on ^tbe demise of the Queen« was one of the Lords Justices, till the arrival of her successor from Hanover 5 who, on March lOth, 1715-16, created him a Baron of this kingdom, by the style and title of LoKD Parkeb, Baron of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester,

On May 12th, 1718, his Majesty was pleased to deliver the

Elix^tfa, daughter to Ralph Eyre, of Airreton, ind had issue three sont) John« llatfy» aoil Anthony ; and a daughter, Margaret.

Hbnry» the fourth son of John Parker, hy Ellen North, wai Groom of the Chamber to Henry VIll. but left no isaue. W'liiam, the ifth, was Ssvver to that KJng» and seated at Luton, in Bedfordshire \ and married Margaret, daugh- ;, ter to John Wroth, Qf Purance, in Enfield, in Middlesex, Esq. by whom be had ail only daughter, Barbara, his heir, married to John Wickham, of Enfield, father • by hrr of William Wickham.

Thomas Parker, second biotbar to the said Henrf and William, had to wife ■ . daughter and heir of ' i Parker, of his own family, by whom he had issue William Parker, of Asbbprn, in Perbyshire^ ^ho had three sons, George Par* ker, of Nether-Leei j Rowland, and Edward. . Wbicl}

GaoRGE married Barbira, daughter of — Burley, of Bcfkshir?, and had issue William Parker, of Parwich, in com. Derb. who died in 16 jx, aged seventy-eight, having wedded Eliaabethy daughter to Humphry Wilson, and had isue Thomas Parker, of Leke, in Staffordshire, the fath^ of the Chancellor.

b He iutd just been one of the managers of Siicheverell*s Trial ; and distin- gn'shed himself in a very particnlar manner in it. tiolt, the Lord Chief Justice^ died during ihe trial. He wcs very learned in the Lw i and had upon great oc* casiMS shewed an intrepid ^eal in asserting its authority ; for be ventured on the indignadon of both Hovs^s of Parliament by turns, when he thought the ham was with him. He was a man of good judgment, and great integrity \ and set himself with great application to the functions of this important post. Imms- diatdy on his death Parker was made Lord Chief Justice. This great promotion seemed an evident demonstration of the Queen*s approving the prosecution ; for none of the managers had treated Sachevcrell so severely as he had done ; yet s^ciet whispers were pretty confidently set about, that though the Queen*s affairs put her on acting the part of one that was pleased with this scene, yet she disliked it all, and w^iild take the first occasion to shew it.** Burnet's 0, T, IL 540, i45*

ipa PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Great Seal to his Lordship, and to declare him CaANCBLLom or Great Britain; two days after which he was sworn at Ren- singtoDj the King present in Council, and took his place at the board accordingly ; and was congratulated upon his promotion by the university of Cambridge. He was one of the Lords Jus- tices whilst George I. was at Hanover, so appointed May Qth, 1719. On June 4th, that year^ be was ap]>ointed Gustos Rotulo- roih of the county of Warwick : also on October 19th following. Gustos Rotulorum of ihe county of Worcester.

On November 5th, 172 1, 8 George L*^ he was advanced to the dignities of Viscount Parker, of Ewelrru, in Oxfordshire, and Earl op Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, in tail-male, remakider to hold the dignities of Lady Parker, Baroness of Maccle^ld, Viscountess Parktr of Ewelme, and Countess qf Maccle^eid, to Elizabeth, his daughter, wife of fViliiam Heath^ cote. Esq, and to the heir$ male of her body.

In June 1725, his Lordship was impeached on charges of Cor- ruption. He was tried at .the Bar of the House, and unanimously pronounced Guilty, on Miy 26th ; in consequence of which he was removed ivhm hb high office, and fined 30,0001.**

*' This every way distinguished character," says Noble, in hu Continuation of Granger, '' was the son of Mr. Thomas Parker, an attorney, at I^ke, in Staflfordshire j in the chancel of which church I have read the inscription on his grave-stone. He left his son about lOOl. per ann. &c. He received the Great Seal, May 11th, 1703, which he held till January 4th, 1724-5, &c. It was an extraordinary event, that Lord Macclesfield, one of the great ornaments of the Peerage, who had so long presided at the admi- nistration of justice, should himself be arraigned as a Criminal; be convicted of mal-practices; and sentenced to pay a fine of 30,0001. as a punishment for his ofifeoce: that a second Lord Chancellor of England should be impeached by the Grand Inquest of the nation, for corruption of office 5 and be like his great pre- decessor. Lord St. Albans, found guilty of the charge. The pro- secution was carried on with great virulence 5 and though rigid justice indeed demanded a severe sentence, yet party zeal, and personal animosity, were supposed to have had their weight in that which was passed upon him. The whole fine was exacted j and actually paid by his Lordship and his son, notwithstanding the favourable disposition that was shewn in a certain quarter, to

c Bill signat. 8 Geo. I. M See Cootc'i Hist, of Engl. VIII. 16$, &a.

PARKER EARL OF MACCLESFIELD. 193*

tdicfe Kim in part by n considerable donation. It is certain there bad been gross mismanagement in the offices of the Masters in Chancery, by ^hicb the snitors had been great safierers; and it appeared that those places had been sometimes conferred upon persons who bad evidently paid for them a valuable consideration. Tbe public cry against corruption in high stations was loud and long; and it was not thought prudent to stay the proceedings against tbe supreme Judge in the kingdom. The statute on which the Chancellor was impeached bad indeed grown into dis- use, but it was still a law : a breach of it was proved^ and the consequence was inevitable. Lord Macclesfield was a man of learning, and a patron of it. Bishop Pearce, of Rochester, among othcM, owed his first introduction to preferment to his Lordship's encouragement. He was also very eminent for his skill in bit profession ; but rather great than amiable in his general charac- ter. He was austere , and not deemed sufficiently attentive to tbe gentlemen of his court, to whom his manners are represented to have been harsh and ungracious, unlike the mild and compla- cent demeanour of his predecessor. Lord Cowper. His Lordship passed the remainder of his life in a learned retirement, much devoted to the studies of religion, of which he had always been a strict and uniform observer."*

His Lordship married Janet, daughter and coheir of Charles Carrier, of Wirkwith, in the county of Derby, Esq. and by her (who died August 23d, 1733), had issue George the second Earl of Macclesfield, and the Lady Elizabeth before mentioned, mar- ried on April ftb, 1720, to William Heathcote, of Huraley, in the coonty fk Southampton, Esq. afterwards created a Baronet: which Lady died at her house in St. Jaroes*s-sqoare, February Ust, 1747. Ilis Lordship died ^ at his son's house in Soho-square, b ibe sixty sixth year of his age, on April 28tfa, 1732/4nd was buried at Shirbum, in Oxfordshire; esteemed for the social vir- tues of a husband, parent,- and a master, by every one to wbom he stood in tbose relations.

GsoBOB, bis only son, sbcond Earl of Macclbsfibld, was, in tbe lifetime of bis fiitber, constituted one of the Tellers of tha Eichcqocr for life. His Lordship, 172O, set out on his travels, accocDpanied by Edward Wright, Esq. a gentleman of a refined and elegant taste, in all useful knowledge and polite literature; and after tbrec years tour through France, Italy, &c. he. returned

• 1CoUe*8 OraagCTy UI. 90. f See Park's R. and K. A. IV. I^S*

rou IV. O

194' PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to England. Mr. Wright published an accoaot thereof in two volumes in quarto, illustrated with several prints from his oTwn accurate drawings, as he had a masterlj hand, both in destgninj^ and paint'uig. His Lordship had a great share in franung and cariying on the act of parliament for altering the style : and at the second reading thereof, made a speech in the house of Peera^ which he was prevailed on to publish, by the pressing instance of a great many of the Lords who heard it.s Several foreign Academies chose his Lordship one of their members. On No* vember SOth, 1752, he was unanimously elected President of the Boyal Society, on the resignation of the late valuable and learned Martin Folkes^ Esq. and at the installation of John Earl of West- morland, as Chancellor of th6 university of Oxford, on July 3d^ 1759, his Lordship received the honorary degree of Doctor of Law. At the funeral procession of Frederick Prince of Wales, on April J3th, 17^1> his LQrdship was one of the supporters of the pall. On September I8th, 1722, his Lordship married Mary, eldest * of the two daughters and coheirs of Ralph Lane, Esq. an eminent Turkey merchant, lineally descended from William Lane, of Glendon, Esq> and of Anne his wife, daughter and heir to John Isham, of Pightesley, in com. Northamp. Esq. and was son of Richard Lane, Esq. son and heir of Robert Lane, Esq. who died before his father Sir William Lane, who was possessed of Hor«« ton, as well as Glendon, in com. Nonhamp. his father Sir Robert *Lane (son of Sir Ralph Lane), acquiring the seat and estate at Horton, from his mother, Maud,^ who was the eldest daughter and coheir ^f William Lord Parr, of Horton, December 23d, 25 Henry VIL and was second daughter of Sir William Parr, Knt. by Elizabeth his wife, daughter and heir of John Lord Jloos, of Kirby-Kendal$ whose grandson, William Parr, was Earl of EsseXj, and Marquis of Northampton.

By his said Lady, his Lordship had issue two sons; TboouM third Earl of Macclesfield. And,

2. George-Lane Parker, bom September 6ih, 1724, taking tp a military life, was made Captain of a Company in the first Re- giment of Foot-guards, and on February 19th, 17(52, allowed tht rank of Colonel On April 30th, 1 770, was advanced to the rank of Major-General; and on August 29th, 1777, promoted to that of lieutenant General. He was also Colonel of the 2Qih Rcgi«

S See Park's R. and N. A. IV. 272.

^ Vis. de Com. Northimp. in BtU. Harley.

^ MS. Jekiri Baronet Eadact, f. Ii.

PARKER EARL OF MACCLBSnELD. i^

ment of Foot and member of Parliament for Tr^ony^ 1774, lie died September 6th, 1791, haying married in Mbj, 178a, Lmdf CottrcU Dormer, relict of Sir Cottrell D. and daughter and heir of — Ceiar. ^

His Lordship's Lady, who wat endowed with all virtoet, de* ceased on June 4th, 175Z. She ordered her body not to be diet^ sed in linen and laces, but in woollen ; and instead 6£ velvet, her oo£5n to be covered with cloth ; and that the expense saved by it sboold go to the clothing of some of her poor neighbours. Ac« cordiogly thirty poor women were put into mourning, who walked in procession at lior funeral, and before it had a repast at Shirbum, in Oxfordshire, where she was privately interred, and each of them, at their going home, received a half-peck loaf. His IxNrdship, in November 1757, married Dorothy, daughter of ——» Nesbit, b^t died without any issue by her on March 17th, 1704; and was buried at Shirbonme ; and she died July 14th, 1779.

Thomas, third Earl of Macclbsvibld, was bom on Oc- tober 12th, 1723, was chosen one of tbe members for Newcastle- under-Line, to the Parliament summoned in 1747* He was re- turned for the county of Oxford in 17^4, and for the city of Rochester in 1761. His Lordship was LL.D. Fellow of the Royal Society ) and on December 12th, 1749, married hu cousin M»y, eldest daughter of Sir William Heathcote, of Hursley, in Hampshire, Bart, by which Lady he had two sons :

1. George, present Earl.

2. Thomas Parker, who was originally in the Foot Guards; and in the late war raised and conmianded the Oxfordshire Regi* ment of Fencible Cavalry. He married, first, on March l6th, 17^, Miss Edwards, daughter of Lewis Edwards, Esq. of Lud- low; and by her, who is deceased, had a daughter, born in 1797* He married, secondly, March 19th, I8O7, Eliza, youngftt daugh- ter of William Breton Wolstenbolme, Esq. of Holly-hill, in Sus« sex (one of the sons of the late Eliab Breton, of Forty-hill, in Middlesex ; and Norton, in Northamptonshire, Esq.)

And three daughters: 1. Lady Elizabeth, born June 29th, 1751, married, November l6th, 1773, John Fane, Esq. of Wormsley, in Oxfordshire, and has, a numerous issue*

2. Lady Mary, born March 27th, 1753.

3. Lady Anne, died in 1774.

His Lordship died February 9th, 1795, leavihg a character for eminent acquirements in science. He was succeeded by his son and heir, Gboros, fourth Earl

196 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

OP Macclesfield, born Pebruaiy 24th, 1755. He was a Lord of the Bedchamber to the Prince of Wales : elected 179O, M. P. for Minehead} made Comptroller of bis Majesty's Household, 1791, which he held till 1797. His Lordship was appointed Cap* tain of the Yeomen of the Guard, June 24th, 1804. He is High Steward of Henley, LL.D. and F. R. S.

His Lordship married May 25th, I78O, Mary Frances, daughtr ter and coheir of Thomas Drakr, P. D. Rector of Amershana, Bucks, by whom he has had issue a son, George, who died ao infant, and an only daughter, Maria, born Jan. 23d, 178I, and married* November I3th, 1802, Lord Binning, only son of Charles £arl of Haddington.

Titles. George Parker, Earl of Macclesfield, Viscount Parker^ and Baron Parker of Macclesfield.

CreattQns. Baron Parker, of Macclesfield, In Cheshire, March 10th, 17J5-i6, 2 Geo. L ; Viscount Parker, of Ewelme, in Ox- fordshire, and Earl of Macclesfield, November 5th, 1721, 8 Geo. J.

Arms. Gules, a Chevron between three leopards faces. Or.

Crest. On a wreath a leopard's head erased and guardant. Or, ^ ducal ly gorged. Gules.

Supporters. Two leopards, reguardant, proper, each gorged with a ducal coronet. Gules.

Motto. Sapekb Audb.

Chi^ Seat* At Shirburne-Castle, in the county of Oxford,

FERMOR EARL OF POMFRET. 197

FERMOR EARL OF POMFRET.

That the name of this fiamilj was anciently wrote Ricards, alias , Fermour^ appears as well from other authorities^ as from the last will and tisstament of Thomas Ricard-s alias Fermour; whos6 toother was the daughter and heir of the family of Fermour; and his father^ Ricards, of Welch extraction, by tradition in the family. In the said will, dated * September 9th, 1485, he is wrote Thomas Ricards, alias Fermour, senior, of Whitney, in Oxfordshire; and^ thereby orders his body to be buried in the chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, in the church of Whitney, and be- queaths 201. to the altar in the chancel of the Blessed Vii^ Mary, in that church, for his tithes forgotten. He also bequeaths to the building of the isle of the Blessed Mary Magdalen in the nid church, called Carsewell Isle, 201. To Emmotte his wife, be bequeaths 200 1. with his goods and utensils in his house at ' Whitney. To William, his son, 200 marks, and all his lands in the villages of Cogges and Burford. To- Laurence, his son, 200 marksj and all his lands in Chadlington. To Richard, his son^ 200 marks, and all his lands in Filkingre and Langford. To Alice, John, and Elizabefh Wenman, children of Emmotte, his spouse, by Hrnry Wenman, to their marriages, lOl. /s. And the rest of his goods, lands, &c. till his sons come to the age of twenty-one years, he bequeaths to Emmotte, his wife, whom he constitates executrix, and Sir Richard Harcourt, Knight^ super- fisor.

Me soon after departed this life, as appears >y the probate of (he said will, dated November 8th, following. By Alice his first

« £x Rfcgitt. in Cir. Pnerog. Cjint. vocat. Losge> q. il.

tg$ PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

wife, he bad issoe Laurbvcb, his son and helr» who was of Min- ster-Lovel, in Oxfordshire^ aad had a son, William, who died without issue, and a daughter, Mary, ooarried to Thomas BenoU, Clarencieux King of Anns.

EmiDotte,^ his second wife, who survired hiro, was widow of Henry Wenman, daughter and heir of Simkin Hervey, of Here- fordshire, Esq. and by her he had issue,

1. Richard, ancestor to the present Earl of Fomfret; and

2, William, Clerk of the Crown, who was seated at the fair house and lordship of Sumnoerton, upon the river Cherwd, in Oxford* shire, and having married four wires, left no issue male 5 and at his death, bequeathed alt his lands to Thomas, the second son of his brother Richard, whose posterity remain the worthy possessors of it to this day, although they have removed their habitation to Tusmore, three miles distant from it

The said William lies buried in a chapel on the south-side of the chancel of Summerton, under a great raised monument of grey marble, whereon lies the portraitures of a gentleman and his wife, in brass, and under them this inscription :

Here lyeth huried Mr, William Fermour, Esq, whych was lorn of this Towne and Pairone of this Churche, and also Clarke of the 'Crowne in the King^s Bench in King Henry the 7^* and King Henry the 8'* Dayes, whyche died the 20** Day of 7^ in the Year of OUT Lord GodaMCCCCCUl: and also here lyeth Mestres EliTMbeth Fermour, his last ff^ffe, which was the Daughter of S' JViUr Nbrrysse, Knight, upon whose and all Christene Soules thu have mercy.

And at Home Church, in Euez, was the following inscription for another of his wires.

Here lyeth Katherin the daughter of Sir William Powlet, Knyght, wyfof WilRam Fermour, c/arke of the crown. Who died May 26, the second of Henry the eighte,

Richard Feimonr, his brother, having been bred a merchant of (b» staple of Calais, raised a noble fi>rtune, and settled himself at Eiton-Neston juxta Towcester, in Northamptonshire, which, together with the hundred and manor of Towcester, he had pur- chased, as also many fair lands and royalties in that county ; at

^ VliititionofShropthirei M.S.

F£RMOtl EARL OF FOMFRET. igg

%ludi seat he lived many years with great splendor and hospi« tality. Bat being a very zealous Romanist, and not complying with the frequent sdterations in religion^ introduced by Henry VIII. he changed his hospitality into charity for those of his opinion > and fieil under that King's heavy displeasure, for conveying relief to one Nicholas Thayne, formerly his Confessor, and at that time a doie prisoner in the gaol of Budungham, although nothing was eves legally proved against him, except that he had sent him 8 d. and a couple of shirts. But his great wealth, and Thomas Crom* well Earl of Essex, the King's Vicar-General, were powerful in- centives to his mini and being ^ found guilty of a praemunire, his whole estate, both real and personal, was seized on for the King*s use ; and executed with snch strictness and severity, that nothing was left him or his family.

One ^ of our historians> living in that age, writes, that he was a rich and wealthy man, and of a good estiniation in the city, but for relieving certain traitorous persons, who denied the King's sopiemacy, he was committed to the Marshalsea, in July 1540, and after» in Westminster-Hall, was arraigned, and attainted in a praemnniie, and lost all his estate.

The good old man, when he was stript of all he had, retired to a village called Wapenham, in sight of his former habitations, and lived in the parsonage house there ; the advowson of which had been in his gift, and the parson thereof presented by him. There he passed several years with a most consummate piety, and entire resignation, till 1550.

In the time of his prosperity he had in his family, according to the custom of the age, a servant. Will Somebs, who, by his witty or frothy discourses, past for his jesteb ; and afterwards served the king himself in the same office and capacity. This man remembering with some gratitude his first master, and hav- ing admission to the King at all times and places, especially when sick, melanchdy, and towards his end, let fall some lucky words, which awakened the King's conscience, so as at least to endeavour a restitution i and accorldingly he gave immediate orders about it J but being prevented by death, it was never eflFcctually per- formed till the 4th year of Edward VI. by letters patent, bearing that date : but so miserably lopt and torn, by the several grants nd sales made by the Crown during the aforesaid interval, that

c Stow*t Ann. edit. 1614. p. 580. * Hall, ia his Life of K. Heary VIU. fol. 14a.

200 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND-

what be did obtaiD was not one third of what be had before pos^ sessed. Those lands restored to him were^ the lordships and ma- nors of Towcestour, and Eston^Neston, the advowsoos of the rectories of Cold-Higham^ and of the vicarage of Eston-Nestoo^ the hundred of Wilroersle/, with very large privil^es thereto be-i longing, and several houses in Cotton-End, in the county of Northampton ; the lordship and manor of Offley St. Legers, in^ the county of Hereford; the lordship and manor of Granno^ in the county of Worcester; the lordship- and manors of Lutonhoe^ and the hermitage lands in Luton^ and Runlistbrd Farm, in Run- tisford, in the county of Bedford. Yet King Edward, to make some compensation^ granted by the same cbarter^ to Ridiard Ferraor^ and his heirs^ several other lordships^ manors, lands^ and tenements, viz. the lordships and manors of Corsecomb, Hol*^ stocke, Netber-Stoke, and the advowson of the rectory of Corse- combe^ in the county of Dorset -, the manor of M udfort, in the county of Somerset; the house and seat of the tben late dissolved priory of Swadersly, and divers woods and lands thereto belong- ing ; the manor of Hide in Rode, and several lands in Rode in A^hen, in the county of Northampton ; the manor of Newport Pound, and the advowson of the rectory and church of Rawritb, in the county of Essex, &c. Yet all this was but a small com- pensation for the great loss he had sustained*

He therefore, being repossessed of part of his estate, and of some addition, as aforesaid, returned to his mansion-house at Eston-Neston, where he departed this life on ^November 17tb, 1552. It is further remarkable, that having some foreknowledge of his own death, he invited on that very day many of his fri^ds and neighbours, and taking leave of them, retired to bis devotions^ and was found dead in that posture, and afterwards buried oa the north side of the chancel of the parish church of Eston-Nea-* ton, under a grey marble tomb. Anne his wife survived him> aiui after her decease was buried at Eston-Neston ; she wac daughter to Sir William Brown, Lord Mayor of London; bjF whom he had five sons, and five daughters > vis.

1 . Sir John, ancestor to the present Earl of Pomfret.

3.. William. 3. George, who both died inputs.

4. Thomas Fermor, who inherited the estate of Wiliam, hi* ilDclc, at Summeriouj was one of the members ^ for Chipping-

^ Bridges's Northamptonshire, Vol. I. p. 192. f WilUi'f Not. Pari. p. 100. '

F£RMOR EARL OF FOMFBET. aor

Wicomb, in the P^rliameht held in 5 £Hz,; and makes his will oo Jnne 15tfi^ 1580^ swberebj he orders his body to be buried in the church of Suminerton, as near to the bodj of Bridget^ hia kte wtfe^ as conveniently may be; and that his execnton, within three years after his deaths canse to be erected such a tomb of alabaster to be set over the bodies of him and his late wife^ as they shall think convenient. He was a benefactor to Summerton, and Chinnor, in Oxfordshire 3 Bridgn(Mth and Asteley, in Sbrop- . shire; and Wapenham, in Nm'thamptonshire. Also leaves his estate to his sod, Richard Fermonr, and'his danghter, Mary; and for default of issne» to his nephew, Nicholas Fermor; except the roauors of Fritwell and Ganne, which he wills, if they decease; without issue, to Jerome Fermour, his brother, according to the gift of his node, William Feiinour, of Summerton. It Hkewise appears, that he founded a school at Summerton, with provision for a school-roaster; and that Nicholas Fermour, his nephew, was son of Jerome, his brother. According to his will, his executors ■ erected in the chapel of Summerton church, a raised monument- of white marble, whereon lies his effigies in armour, aud the^ effigies of his wife, both on their backs; and round the verge is this inscription :

Thorns Farmer, Jrmigero, viro anmi magnitudine contra Hosies, ben^entia erga Doctos adtnirabili. Domino hujus ierri^ iorii henignissimo, fcf novie SchoUe Fundatori Optimo, in perpe^ tuam svi, su^q. conjugis, Brigitt^,fcsmin€e lectissinue, memoriam, ex Testamento executores sui hoc monumentum Jlentes erexerunt, Ol'iit vero Anno Domini Millesimo quingentisimo octogesvmo die Jugusti octavo.

, It has been already mentioned, that hb posterity still remains, or hitely remained, at TusoxMre and Summerton,

5. Jerome Fermour, who died on September 7th, 1602> and u>gether with Jane his wife, lies buried at Towcester, in North* impconshire.

The five daughters wjeife, Joan, first married to Robert WHford^ of the county of Kent, £sq. and after to Sir John Mordaont, of Tbomdon, in Essex, Knight. Anne, espoused to William Lucy, ef Charlecote, in Warvtrickshire, Esq. Elizabeth, to Thomaa Lovet, of Astwell, in Northamptonshire, Esq. Ursula, to Richard Fynes, of Brougbton, in Oxfordshire, Esq. father to Richard Lord

f Ex Reg. Arandel. qa. 30 ia Cor. Pnerog. Cant.

7m tSBRAGE OF ENGLAND.

Sfl7 and Sele$ aod Mary^ wedded to Sir Ridiard Koightky, 6f Fautlej, in Northamptonshire^ Knt: she died ^September 27th, 1573, and was baried at Faoslej.

Sir John Fermor^ the eldest son and heir^ was made 'one of the Knights of the Carpet, at Westminster, on October 2d, 1553, the day after the Coronation oi Qaeen Mary, in her presence^ under the cloth of state, by the Earl oi Arundd, who had her Majesty's commission to execute that honoqr. He was in that leign ^ chose Knigbt of the shire for the county of Northampton in two Parliaments; and was ' Sheriff of the county in the 4th and 5th of Philip and Mary. , He died on December 12th, 1571, at little St> Bartholomew's, in London,"* and from thence waa brought to his house at Easton-Neston, and baried in the pariah chnich there on Thursday the 20th of the same month, with great solemnity, the Officers of Arms attending his funeral. He married Maud, daughter of Sir Nicholas Vaux, Knt. Lord Vans, of Harrowden (who died before him, on April 14th, 15^, and was buried at Easton-Neston), and by her ■ had living, at the time of his decease,

1. George Fermor, Esq. his son and heir.

2. Nicholas, who died unmarried.

And, 3. Richard, who married Dionysia, daug^iter of Robert Tanfield, of Burford, in Oxfordshire, Esq. by whom he had aa only daughter, Catherine, first married to Philip Godard, Esq. | secondly, to Sir Richard Wenman, of Tame, in Oxfordshire^ Knight.

Also three daughters; Catharine, married to Michael Poul-* teoey, of Misterton, in Leicestershire, Esq. 5 and, secondly, to Sir Henry Darcey, Knt.; Anne, wedded to Sir Edward Leigh, of Shawe), in Leicestershire, Knt.; and Mary^ espoused to ShrTho* mas Lucas, of St. John's, in Colchester, in the county of £s8ex> Knt. ; ^ she died July 5th, l6l3, and is buried in St. Giles's church in Colq^ester.

George Fermor, his eldest son, succeeding him, spent all hia youth in the Netherlands, under that gftat captain in sffms Wil-* liam Prince of Orange; and for his services there had the ' honour of knighthood conferred on him, in the year 1586, by Robert Earl of Leicester, the Queen's general. In these wars \a

^ Bridge8*8 Northamp. Vol. I. p. 69.

• Strype't Memor. Vol. lU. Append, p. 11.

^ Collect, of B. Willis MS. 1 Foller^s Worthies, p. h^.

n Faoeral Certificate, MS. I. 16, p. 106, in Offic Annor. » Ibid.

^ Moraat*s Hitt. of Colchetter. P Stow*t Anaalt, p. 73$.

FERUOIl EARL OP POMFRET. 908

tlie Netheriands he contncted a friendship with the £imcmt Sir Philip Sidney^ and walked at his funeral among his kindred and firieods. On his retirement to hb house at £aston-Neston, he Bred for several years in great splendor and hospitality, and was , Sheriff of Northamptonshire, in 31 Eliz. but once again left bis Dative country, and travelled into Italy ', yet on what occasion is not said.

After his return home he still maintained the old English po- pular way of living, and had the honour to receive and entertaia James I. and his Queen, at Easton aforesaid, the first time they ever met in England,^ viz, on June 11th, l603, where he gave both courts a very costly and magnificent entertainment; and the King before his departure ' conferred the honour of Knighthood on his son and heir. Sir Hatton Fermor, together with nine other gentlemen*

He died in a good old age, on December 1st, 16J2; and ok January 1 4th fi)llowing,* was buried in the chancel of Easton** Neston church with great solemnity, and a noble tomb of alabas- ter is erected to his memory. Mary his wife, was god-daughter and maid of honour to Queen Mary ; by whose gift she was possessed of the manor and estate of Westning, in Bedfordshire, DOW in the family. She was daughter and heir of Thomas Cur- sod/ of Addtngton, in Buckinghamshire, Esq. second son of Walter Curson, of Water-Perry, in Oxfordshire, Esq. : she survived him till October 12th, 1628, and was buried at Easton-Nestoo ; by whom he had seven sons. He married her in January 1572. *

1. Edward, who died unmarried.

2. Hatton, who succeeded him.

3. Robert, who was slain in Ireland, without issue, I6l6.

4. George. 5. Richard. 6. Devereux. And, 7. William, who all fiMir attended at their &ther*a funeral, and died without issue.

Also eight daughters; whereof three died unmarried, and Agnes was married to Sir Richard Wenman, of Thame Park, in Oxfordshire, Knight; Elizabeth, to Sir WUliam Stafford, of Bhi- therwick, iu Northamptonshire, Knight. : and, secondly, to Sir Thomas Chamberlain, of Oxfordshire, Knt. one of the Justices of the Kiog*s Bench, and Chief Justice of Chester 5 Jane, inarried

1 Stew's Anoalt, p. 823. r Philpot*s Catalogue of Knightt, p. 13.

• MS. ent. Funeral Ceremoniet, Not. 10, in Bibl. Joh. Anscis, Arm. < TkU Aaily toM Addiogten, in the time of Charles I. to Juhn Busby, wliote gnadMOf Sir Joba Busby, of Addiagcoo, Knighted 166 r, died 1 700.

3M PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to Sir John Killigrew, of Falroootli Castle, in Cornwall ; Catha-** rine, to William Hobby, of Hales, in Gloocestershire, Esq. ; and Mary, to Robert Crkhton, Lord Sanquhar^ a Scottish Peer (who was hanged at London, Jane 29th, l6l2, without issue) ; and, secondly to Bamaby 0*Brien, Earl of Thomond, in Ireland.

Hatton Fermor, his son and heir, knighted in the lifetime of his father, as before mentioned, succeeded him in his estate; and living constantly in tLe country, at his seat at Easton-Neston, was SherifTof Northamptonshire in 15 Jac. L He married two wives | Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edmund Anderson, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas } who dying without issue, he toc^ to his second wife, Anna, daughter of Sir William Cockain, Lord Mayor of London, by whom he had five sons -, viz.

1. Sir William Ferroor, Bart, who succeeded him.

2. Hatton, who was Major of Horse to the Prince of Wa]es> ' and died at nineteen years of age ; crowning his unspotted youth with a noble death, valiantly fighting for Charles L January 1 1tfa, 1644-5, at Culham-Bridge, near Oxford.

3. Charles. 4. Gecnrge. And, 5. Richard, all died yoting. Also six daughters ; Mary, wife of Sir Charles Compton, second

son to Spencer Earl of Northampton, and died fn 166O} Anne, wife of Jonathan Cope, of Ranton- abbey, in Staffordshire, Esq. grandfather to Sir Jonathan Cope, of Brewern-abbey, in Oxford-^ ihire, Bart.; Arabella, aod Elizabeth, both died nomarried ; Ca- tharine, died an infant ; a second Catharine was married to Sir John Shuckburgh, of Shuckburgh, in Warwickshire, Bart.; and^ lastly, to Sir Roger Norwich, of Brampton, in the county of Northampton, Bart.

Sir EUitton having broken his leg by a fall oat of his coach, died of it, October 28th, 1640, and was buried at Easton-Neston aforesaid, near his ancestors, qnder a tomb of bUick and white marble, erected by Anna his wife, who survived him twenty-five years ; and with a manly courage and constancy sustained as well the hardships of imprisonment, as fines and confiscations, to the last of those unhappy times, wherein the nation was in the greatest finrment, and all things in the utnoost confusion. Which,

Sir William Fermor, Bart." pursuing the steps of his ances- tors, took up arms ia defence of the Royal Party) and notwith- standing his youth, was honoured with the command of a troop

« He it ctUed Marmet^ in his ^itapb ; but! preiume it was only i mittdce for Ktv^ Samtirtt,

FERMOR EARL OF POMFRfiT. 205

of hone by Charles I made one of the Privy- Chamber to the Priocc bis son, and served thcnj to the last with unshaken loyaky and honour. And with the same constancy and coui^e took hit lot of suflfering with them, until be and his family were nw ruined for their loyalty, as his ancestor Richard Fermor had been before for his religion. Among other hardships, he was obliged to « compound for his estate for 14001. with the sequestrators. At last the scene changed, and he happily lived to see his Royal Master restored and crowned; and was elected a member for the town of Bracklcy, in Northamptonshire, in that Parliament which met at Westminster on May I8tb,, 1661 ; but died of the small- pox on the 14th following : having been nominated one of the Knights of the Bath at the coronation of King Charles II. and catched that distemper in performing the ceremonies of the said order. Mary, his beloved wife, who survived him, died on July 18th, 1670, and was buried at Easton-Nestonj she was daughter of Hugh Perry, of London, Esq. and relict of Henry Noel, second son of Edward Viscount Camden : a matron venerable for virtue and piety; a faithful sharer of all fortunes with him, and most affectionately careful of her children> who were very young at his death; viz. William, created Lord Lempster; Henry, Charles, George, Richard, who all died at men*s estate, but unmarried ; also two daughters; Mary, who died young; and Anna, who was born after her father*s death, and died unmarried at her house in Denmark-street, ia the parish of St. Giles in the Fields, in Jone 1740.

William, Lord Lbmpster, erected from the very foundation at Easton-Neston aforesaid (the ancient seat of his famify), a re- gular and fair pile of building of freestone; added pleasant gar* dens and plantations; and ^adorned the whole with a magnificent and costly collection of ancient Greek, Roman, and Egyptian statues. He was created a Pebr by letters patent, bearing date April 12th, l622, and having married three wives ; first, Jane, daughter of Andrew Barker, of Fairford, in Gloucestershire, Esq. hf her had a daughter, Elizabeth, who died unmarried in y March 1705, and was buried at Fahrford ; and by his second wife, Ca- tharine,* eldest daughter to John Lord Paulet, by his first wife, and half-tister to John Earl Paulet, he had one daughter, Mary, married to Sir John Woodhouse, of Kimberley, in the coonty of

s List of Compounden, Ed. 1655, in Letter F. 7 Lt Neve^t Mod. Aug. Vol* IV. p. 105. * Harl. MS. Nor 1040.

906 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Norfolk, Bart, aod died October 24th, 1729, buried at Kimber* ley. His ttiird wife wai the lady Sophia^ sixth daughter of Tho- Boas Dake of Leeds, relict of Dooatus Lord O'Brien, grandson and heir to Henry Earl of Tbomond ; and by her he had issue twa foos, and four daughters; Thomas Earl of Pomfret; Williaai; Sophia, who died young } Catharine, who died in the twenty** fourth year of her age, on April lltb, 1719; Bridget, who died vinntarried j and Matilda, married to Edward Conyers> of Copt- kall, in com. Essex, Esq. and died in 1741.

His Lordship died on December 7th, 17 11, after a long indis- position, and was buried with his ancestors; and his third Lady, died on December 8th, 1746.

Thomas sbcond Lorb Lbmpstbil, his son and heir,^ was deated Earl op Pomfrbt, alias Poniejraci, in the county of York, December 27tb, 1721, and was elected one of the Knights of the most honourablp Order of the Bath, May 27tb, 1725. Also on September 27th, 1727, was appointed Master of the Horse to her Majesty Queen Caroline.

On February 5 th, 1 750-1, his Lordship had a grant of the office of Ranger and Keeper of St. James's Park. And deceasing Sunday July 8th, 1753, aged fifty-£ve, was buried at Easton- Neston, being succeeded in his honours and estate by his eldest iOD, Greorge, the second Earl of Pomfret.

The said Thomas, Earl of Pomfret, married on Julyl4th, 1720, Henrietta-Louisa, daughter and sole heir to John Lord Jefireys, Baron of Wero, by the Lsdy Charlotte Herbert, daughter and heir of Philip Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, &c.

Her Ladyship was, with her friend, the Countess of Hertford, Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Caroline; at whose death, in 1737, they both retired (roa\ courtly life ; the former, on a co^ tinental tour with Lord Pomfret, through France, Italy, and a part of Germany, for about three years, during which time her Correspondence with Lady Hertford continued; and has been recently given to the public in three volumes, 12mo. After Lord Pomfret*s death, a part of the Arundelian Marbles, which had been purchased by his father^ were presented by the Countess, iq 1755, to the University of Oxford, where they are now depo- xited> She died December I5tb, 1761. By her he had issue foar ions, and six daughters,

L George, second Eari of Pomfret.

« Bill Signtt. S G«orse I. ^ P«rk*t R. ind N. A. IV. 844.

FERMOR EARL OP POMFRET. m;

2. William, who was captain of a man of war, and died in I74g, nnmarried.

3. John, who deceased at the age of three jean 5 and 4. Tho- mas, who also died unmarried.

Lady Sophia, bom May 29th, 1721, married, in 1744, to John Earl Granville; and died in the year 1745.

Lady Charlotte^ bom February 14th, 1725, married, in 1746, to the Right Hon. William Finch, Esq. brother to the late Earl of Winchelsea, by whom she was mother to the present Eail of Winchelsea and Nottingham. She was afterwards Governess to their Majesties' younger children, and is still living.

Lady Henrietta, bom September 29th, 1727> married, Jannaiy 13th, 1747, to John Conyerfi, of Copthall, in Essex, Esq. wha died September 7th, 1775, aged 57, and died November 25th, 1793, leaving issue.

Lady Juliana, bora May 2l8t, 1729, married in August, 1751, to Thomas Penn, then one of the proprietors of Pennsylvania, and of Bray^'ick, in Berkshire, Esq. and had issue.

Lady Louisa, born February 23d, 1731, one of the Ladies of the Baichamber to the Princess Amelia, married, 1757, William Clayton, Esq. son of Sir William Clayton, Bart..

Lady Anne, married, July 15th, 1754, to Thomas Dawson, Esq. of Dawson*s-Grove, co. of Monaghan, Ireland, since created Viscount Cremome, in Ireland $ and died March 1st, 17^.

George, second Eabl of Pomfbbt, was, by his present Ma- jesty, appointed one c^ the Lords of his Bedchamber, and Ranger or Keeper of the little Park at Windsor; also mie of his Majesty's Privy-council. His Lordship^ on April 30th, 17^, married Miss Anna Maria Drayton, of Sunbuiy, in Middlesex, to whom Lady Jane Coke, relict of Robert Coke, Esq. (brother taThomas late Earl of Leicester), and eldest sister of Philip late Duke of Whar- ton, left a very great fortune. His Lordship was also Keeper of his Majesty's lower parks and bouse at Windsor. - His Lordship died June 9th, 1785, having had issue by his Countess aforesaid* who survived till September 23d, 1787, two sons, and a daughter, viz.

1. George, present Earl.

2. Thomas-WilHam, bom November 32d, 1770, a Captain, . with the rank of Lieutenant-Colood, in the thmi R^mcnt of

Foot Guards.

3. Lady Charlotte, bom November 20th, I766# manied, Au- gust 1st, 1787, P«« Deoys, Esq.

^06 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

George, eldest sod, succeeded as third Eabl of Pomfrct. He was born Jaaoary 6tb, 17^8, and married, August 29tb, 1793^ Miss Browne, daughter and heiress of TroUope Browne, Esq. with whom he had a fortune of £, 100,000; but by her has no issue. He b at present a Captain in the Northamptooibire Militia.

Titles. George Fermor, Earl of Pomfret, and L^ Lempster. '

Creations. Lord Lempster, in com. Heref. Apnl 12th (I692) 4 Will, and Mar.; Earl of Pomfret, in oom. Ebor. December 27th (1721 f 8 Geo. L

Arms, Argent, a Fess, Sable, between three lions heads erased. Gules.

Crest. Out of a ducal coronet. Or, a cock*s head issuing. Gules » crested and wattled, Or.

Syppwrters. Two lions proper.

Motto. HORA B SkMPRB.

Chief Seats. At Easton-Neston, in the county of Northamp^ paa} and Sunbury, in Middlesex.

S

GRAIIAM EARL 6BAHAM. ■ 209

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM.

According to the Scotch hUtoriaos/ this illustrioDS family Ig as ancient as the restoration of the monarchy of Scotland by Fer- gus II. and derive their origin from the renowned Gbbmb^ who governing Scotland during the minority of bis grandchild, Eu- gene IL (whose reign began A. D. 419)^ had divers engagements with the Britons, and, by forcing that mighty rampart they had reared up between the rivers of Forth and Clyde, immortalized his name so mach, as to this day that trench is called Graham*s- D^e.

It b certain the &mily is as ancient as any in Scotland now on record ; for William de Greme is one of the witnesses to the foondation of Holy-Rood-House Abbey, by David I. in 1125; and after> at the special instance of the said King, be gave to the Monks of Hadington, the lands of Clerkingtoun^ when Adda^ Countess of Northumberland, founded that convent.

Sir David Graeme, Knight, Pater, the direct ancestor of the illustrious family of Montrose, obtained a grant of the lands of Charltoun, and Burrow field, infra Fie. de Forfar cum Dwmnm & Tenendarus Thanagi de Kinaber,*> from King William, who was styled the Lion, and reigned from 11 65 to 1214. He also, in the beginning of the reign of Alexander II. who succeeded King WilUaoi, obtained a charter of the land of Clifton, and Clifton- Holl, in Mid-Lothian (the superiority of which is still ia tlie family of Montrose), from Henry de Greme, ' who is dc« agned hit cousin, and was the ancesttr of the Grmuet of Aber«

* See Dr. Abercrombie, Vol. I. p. ^49. b ChutM penes Diicem de Montroie. VOL. IV. p

310 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

&xn, from whom the Grahams of Torbolton, Weilstoo, &c. are descended.^ He left issue three 90ds; Sir Patriok^ Sir Thomas, William, besides

Sir David, his heir, who had a grant fix>m Maldwio Earl of Lenox, of the ianda of Stratbblaae and Mugddek ; and from Pa- trick Earl of Danbar, he got two lofts of Melekston, &c. and the laods of DundafT and Stratbcaron, ^uod Jtdt Foresium Regis, in exchange for his lands of Gartonquhar, io Galloway. By Agnet bis wife, he had^ c

Sir David, tlU t^ird of that name, who obtainedrdistinct char- ters of his whole lands, which were ratified to him under the Great Seal of Alexander IIL This Sir David, tlie third, also got the barony of Kincardine, in the county of Perth, from Malise £ari of Strathem, whose sister, Anabella, he niarried,^ and by bar had three sons ; Sir Patrick, the heir ai the fiimily ; Sir Joha, who was the faithful oompanioh of Sir William Wallace, and was killed at Falkirk, July 22d, 1298, and was buried in a chapel theie, with the following izocription on his tomb, which is 3ret to be seen,

Mente Manuque potens, et Vall^ fidus Achates, Conditar hie Gramus, bello interfectus ab Anglis.

and Sir David, one of the arbiters for John Baliol, in his compe« lition for the Scottish crown, A. D. 1 292.

Which Sir Patrick executed the Office of Sheriff of the coonty of Stirling in the time of the said Alexander III. and ia 1284, was one of the Magnates Scotise, who in a roost sofeuuk manner bound themselves by their oaths and seals, in case that King should die without heirs of bis own body, to receive 9Md ad^uQwledge the Princess Margaret, the Maid of Norway, bis Majesty*s grandchild, as their lawful Clueen. He was after killed at the battle of Dunbar, against the English, in J 296, ^streoa- Qusly asserting the honour and independency of his country, lear* ing isfloe Sir Dayid his successor, and Sir John Graham, Knight^ who. !n 1317, granted the patronage of the church of Newlaoda Co the abbey of Dunfermline, and a daughter — - married to Sir Malcolm Druounond, ancestor of the famOy oi Perth.

Sir Davip Graham, eldest son of Sir Patrick, was also a great patron of the Ubcrtlci of bis comitry, after the alnlicitioQ of Johft

« DougUi's Peerage of Scotland. 4 Ibidem.

« Abercrombie'fi Martial AckievoMiiCs of the Scots* Nation.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 211

fialid, and 9 stitanous opposer of King £dward I. 6f England ; for whicb^ when that Prince oflSered an indemnity to such of the Scottish nation as woold submit to him. Sir David was one of thoM few who were particularly excepted. As be was a great patriot for bis country, so he was a very zealous loyalist in behalf of King Robert Bruce; upon whose accession to tbe throne he had divers grants of lands, in consideration of his good and faith- ful services before that time performed. He exchanged his lands of Cardross, in Dunbartonshire, with the said King, for the lands' of Old Montrose, in the county of Forfar. This Sir David was also one of those Barons, who, in 1320, wrote that letter to Pope John XXIJ. asserting the independency of Scotland, wherein they highly extol their sovereign, Robert Bruce, as the nation's glo- rious deliverer, and the preserver of the liberties of the people ; in which famous record the seal of this noble person is still en- tire' He died soon after 1327, <be year in which the said King Robert departed this life, and was succeeded by his son,

Sir David Graham, who, inheriting the patriotism and bravery of bis ancestors, was a steady friend to Ring David, the son of Robert Bruce; and accompanying that Prince at the battle of Dur- ham, October l7^h> 1345, was there taken prisoner with him: but was released before tlie year 1354 ; for then he was one of the Scottish grandees employed to negociate the ransom of their Sovereign. He died after the year 1360, and left issue Sir Pa- trick, his son and heir, and a daughter, married to William Earl of Ross.

The said Sir Patrick, styled in his father's lime Lord of Dan- 6aff and Kincardine, was one of the hostages' for the ransom of King David, when the terms of his redemption were concerted by the commissioners of both kingdoms, in 1357- On the acces- fflon of King Robert II. to the crown, when the two great entails were made in favour of the King's eldest son, the Earl of Car- rick, A.D. 1371, Sir Patrick's name is inserted in the one, and his seal is appended to the other. He had, by his first wife, Maud, Sir WilHam, Lord of Graham, his successor, and a daughter, liaud, married to Sir John Drummpnd, of Concraig.

And by bis second wife, Eupham, daughter to Sir John Stew- art,s brother to King Robert Tl. and sister to Walter Stewait, Loid of Bailston, he had issue Sir Patrick Graham, of ETieston,

' Charu in Pobl. Arch. Scot, r Chart, pienct iHceaa di MoAtrote.

212 P£ERAG£ OF ENGLAND.

progjenitor of the Earls of Menteith.^ 2. Robert 3. Dflvid,

4. Alexander.

Which Sir William, Lord of Graham, was Lord of Kincar- dine, in 1404/ and joined in commission, with other Lords and Barons, to treat with the English concerning a peace and amity betwixt the two realms ; and two years after was sent on an em- bassy to England, with the Earls of Crawford ai^d Mar ; which negociation they performed with honour and success. He mar- ried, first, Mariota, daughter of Sir John Oliphant, of Aberdalgy, by whom he had

1. Alexander, his eldest son, who died in the Ufetime of bis father.

And, 2. John.

He noarried, secondly, the Lady Mariot Stewart, daughter of Robert IlL widow of George Earl of Angus, and of Sic James Kennedy, of Du;iurc,*^ and by her had, 1. Sir Robert Graham, of Strathoerron, first of the branch of the Grahams of Fintrie, and Claverhouse. 2. Patrick) who, entering into orders, was first promoted to the episcopal see of Breechin, and translated thence to the bishoprick of St. Andrew's in 1466. 3. William, of whooi descended the Grahams of Garvock and Balgowan. 4. Harry«

5. Walter Graham, of Wallacetown, who was the ancestor of the Grahams of Knockdolian, and its cadets.

The said Sir William departing this life in 1424,^ bis estate and honour devolved on

Patrick, his grandson and heir (son and heir of Alexander, who died in his lifetime), who was appointed one of the Lords of the R^ency in the minority of James 11. and prudently and fitithfully discharged that trust for several' years after; in omsi- deration whereof, and having been one of the hostages for the ransom of King James I. he was made a Lord of Parliament about the year 1445. He died in January 146/, leaving issue, by Elizabeth his wife,

William second Lord Graham, his son and heir, appointed Ambassador Extraordinary to the court of England, 1496, who married Jane, daughter of George Earl of Angus, and dying in 1472, left issue, 1. William, bis successor.

2. George, of whom is the branch of the Grahams of Ca- lendar.

k Chtrt. penes Docem de Montrose. < Rymer't ¥mi. Aoglis.

k Cbtrt, in Pabt Ardu 1 Cbifti penes Ducca 4e MMtraee.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. tiS

And two danghten; Jane, married to John second Lord Ogilvie erf" Airly; and Christian, married to James Halden^ of Gleneagles, and after to Sir Thomas Manl, of Panmure.

Which Wii. LI AM, /Air^Lorc£ Graham, adhered firmlj to James in. in the time of bis greatest distress ; and when that unfortunate Prince was> in 1488, forced to take the field, and raise an army- in his own defence, the Lord Graham resorted to him, and cheer- fully took a command in the army, in which he continued till the death of the King on June 1 1th. He was also in great favour with James IV. who by Letters of Creation, raised him to the dignity of Earl of Montrose, March 3d, 1504.™

He married, first, Annabella, daughter of John Lord Drum- mond,*^ by whom he had William, the heir of the family; se- condly, Janet, daughter of Sir Archibald £dmonston,of Duntreatb,^ by whom he had Lady Margaret, espoused to Wifliam master of Lenox; and, secondly, to Sir John Somerville, of Canabusnethan; Lady Elizabeth, to Walter Drummond, grandson and heir 6f John first Lord DraoHBond ; Lady Nicholas, to Sir William Murray, of Abercaimy.

Tim William Jlr^/ Earl of Montrose, by his third wife, Chriatiiin WaTane, had two sons; Patrick, first of the family seated at Ind)braco, out of which branched the Grahams of Gorthie, and Bncklivie; and Andrew, who was the first Protestant Bishop of Dunblain, promoted thereto on the depriyation of Bishop Chi- foinae, ISJS-

This Earl was slain at the battle of Flodden with King James IV. September 9th, 1513.

William, the second Earl of Montrose, was one of the Peen to whom John Duke of Albany, Regent of Scotland in the mi- nority of James V. committed the tuition of the young King/ when the Duke went over to France in 1523, to secure that crown in the interest of Scotland. He married Janet, daughter of Wil- liam Kdth, Earl Marshal, by whom he had

J . RoBBBT, Master of Montrose, who was slain at the battle of I^nkey, September 10th, 1547. He married Margaret, daugh- ter of Mdcolm Lord Fleming.

2. Alexander, Pensioner of Cambuskenneth. 3. William. And, 4/ MuDgo, of whom the families of Orchil and Killem are de-* icended: likewise five daughters; Lady Margaret, married t9

B Chatta peoet Ducem de Montrose., " Ibidem.

• Clurta penes Dominnm de Dnntreath,

114 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND. .

Robert, Master of Erskine ; Lady Elizabeth, to George Sinclair, Earl of Caithness ; Lady Agnes, to Sir William Murray, of Tali- bardin; Janet, to Sir Andrew Murray^ of Balvaird; Catherine, to John Graham^ of Knockdolain.

His Lordship dying on May 25th, 1571, was succeeded by his grandson,

JoHV^ potshumous son of Robert aforesaid. Master of Mon- trose, who thus became third Earl of Montrost. On the fall of the Earl of Gowrie the Lord Treasurer, this noble Lord got the White Staff, on May 1st, 1582, which he did not hold longi for on another turn at court, the Earl surrendered the Treasurer** place to Sir Thomas Lyon^ of Auldbar, in 1585 > after which the Earl of Montrose continued in tlie Council, though he had no other office in the State, till the Chancellor*s place falling, by the decease of ^ohn Maitland, Lord Thirlstane, when he was prefer* red thereunto in January 1598 : in which station his Lordship continued till 1604, when it being judged necessary that the Chancellor should be a Lawyer^ his Lordship resigned it. But on the Lord Fivie's being made Chancellor, the Earl of Montrose was made Viceroy <^ Scotland during life,P in virtue of which commission he presided in the Parliament at Perth, A.D. l606» when the episcopal government was restored to the church. His Lordship died on November pth, l608,^ leaving issue by Lilias his wife, daughter of David Lord Druomiond, John, his succeaeor ; Sir Robert Graham, of Innermeath j Sir William Graham, of Braco5 and a daughter. Lady Lilias, married to John Fleming, first Earl of Wigtoun.

John, fourth Earl of Montrose, being a person of great parts and abilities^ was (as Loyd writes in his Memoirs of Ix>yali3t8» p. 638), Ambassador to several Princes, and after the acces&ioa of Charles L to the Crown^ named President of his Majesty's most honourable Privy-Council, which he enjoyed even till his death, November 24th, 1626. By Margaret his wife, daughter of William Ruthvcn Earl of Gowrie, he had James, his son and heir, first Marquis of Montrose,

Also four daughters J Lady Lilias, married to Sir John Col- quhoun, of Luss, Bart, j Lucy Margaret, to Archibald, first Lord Napier > Lady Dorothea, to James first Lord Rolloj and Lady Beatrix, to Dgvid Drummond, Lord Maderty,

P Criufurd's Peerage 0/ Scotland, fo. 339,

1 Ghana penet Dacem de Montroae. ^

GRAHAM EAfiL CmAHAM. 2I§

Jambs^ 'bis'SQctessor, aAer Marquis of Montrose, was born in 2612, and was one of the greatest heroes of tbe tinoe. Having the mislbrtiuie to lose his father ' when he was young, and being the only son of the family^ his friends, in order to raise up heirs to bis illostrioQs hoase, prevailed with him, when he was bat a youth, to marry, which he complied with. His marriage gave a great interruption to his studies ', but quickly finding the loss be ' should stistain if he did not go through with his education, he got^good masters at home, wherein he made so great a proficiency and progress, that in a very little time he became not only very learned, but a critic in the Greek and Latin ; afler which, for hit farther improvement, he travelled into fi^reign parts> where ho spent some years in attaining the languages, and learning the ex- ercises then in vogue, in which he excelled most men, and came over t6 £ngland by the time he was twenty-two years of age. He was (as Loyd observes, p. 638), Captain of the Guard in France > and by Duke Hamilton invited into England, to address himself to Charles I. And coming to the Court, intended to live ther^ in a view of serving the Crown, and of raising himself to those honours and employments, which both his birth and personal qualifications well entitled him to ; but in his attendance there, meeting with some discountenance from the King, which was very artfully brought about, he left the Court, and returning ta Scotland, he joined in 1^8 with the discontented party who ap- peared most forward for redress of grievances of the Church, inso* much, that he soon became one of the principal and most activ« Lords for the Covenant and Reformation. In 1639, a Parliament and General Assembly being to be convened in August, the King commanded fourteen of the principal covenanting Lords to attend him at Berwick; but they being conscious to themselves, and fearing confinement, sent only the Earls of Montrose, Loudon, and Lothian ; who having conferred with some appointed by bit M^Qcaty, some of them came to see their own errors and danger. After the first expec^tton of the Covenanters into England, th^ Earl, on his observation of the unwarrantable prosecution of the ends of the Covenant, gave up bis command in their army } and made a full tender of his service to his Majesty, which brought him so much into the jealousy of the party he had formerly beea of, that there was no room left to doubt of his sincerity to the King. The Earl oi Clarendon insinuates, m his History of tba

' Charts penes Dttctn de Mootroie.

2i0 P££RAGE OF ENGLAND.

CinI War» that while the King was in Scotland, the Earl of Montrose offered to make away two great men, who were not so cordial in the King's interebt a$ coald have been wished : bat from original papers in the custody of the Duke of Montrose, it appears that the Earl of Montrose was a prisoner in the castle <^ Edinburgh, for corresponding with the King, from June 1641 till January after; and the King came down in August, and re- turned in November; so it is clear he was a prisoner all the while his Majesty was in Scotland. And the noble author beforemen- tioned observes, ** That the Earl of Montrose deserving as much as any man, in contributing more, and appearing sooner for tb^ King, being indeed a man of the best quality who did so tooo discover himself, and it may be he did it the sooner in oppositioo. to Argyle ; the people looking upon them both as young men of unlimited ambition, and used to say, they were like Ctesar and Pompey, the one would endure no superior, and the other would have no equal." After his releasement, he lived for the most part privately at his seat in the country, till the meeting of the ccm* vention, 1643, when he secretly withdrew out of Scotland to the King, a few days before the uege was raised from Gloucester ; and gave his Majesty the Brst clear information of the proceedings of the convention, of the resolutions that would be there taken, and of the posture the kingdom would speedily be in. He also made some propositions to the King for the remedy, which there was not (says the Earl of Clarendon), then time to consult of : but when his Majesty returned to Oxford after the battle of New* buiy, he was very willing to hearken -to any overture the Eui should make, in reference to what could be done, to prevent the mischief like to ensue to his Majest/s afiairs, by a combination betwixt the Scots Covenanters and the English Parliament: wherefore, that his Majesty might have this important sfEnr brought to a full resolution, he was pleased to hold several con- ferences with the Earl : but all the advances made toward the execution of any attempt for the King's service, were checked by his Majesty's not being able to give any troops to the Earl, by the protection whereof the loyal party of the kingdom might come to his assistance, and discover their afiections to his Majesty. However, the vigorous spirit of the Earl of Montrose stirred hiai op to make some attempt which he thought might be of service to the King : and therefore proposed that his Majesty should give t command to the Earl of Antrim, to raise and sent over a body 0f 2000 men into the Highlands of Scotland, to be a foundation

. GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 217

Ibr raising forces there ; and that if his Majesty wbuld grant him a oommission to command that army, he woold himsdf be in the Higi^ands to receive thero^ and run his fortune with them ; and that if no time were lost in prosecuting that design, he hoped by the time the Scottish army should be ready to take the field, they should receive such an alarm from their own country as should hinder their advance into England. On this overture the King conferred with the two Lords, and finding the Earl of Antrim forward to undertake the raising as many men as should be de- sired, his Majesty resolved to encourage it ; and therefore, that the Earl of Montrose might depart with the better character, and testimony of hb favour, and be thereby better qualified to per- Ibrm the great trust reposed in him, his Majesty was pleased to create him Marquis of Montrose, by letters patent, bearing date May l6th, l644j* and gave Irim a commission, constituting his Lordship Captain -general and Commander in chief of all the forces to be raised in Scotland for his Majesty's service. On taking his leave of the King, accompanied by several gentlemen, he began his journey, as if he meant to make his way in company with them into Scotlabd ; but after he had been two or three days in that equipage, which he knew could be no secret^ and that it would draw the enemy's troops together, for the guard of all passes, to meet with bim^ the Marquis was found missing one moming by his company ; who, after some stay and inquiry, re- turned back to Oxford, while this noble person with incredible address and fatigue, not only quitted his company and his ser- vants, but his horse also 5 and found a safe passage, most part on foot, through all the enemies quarters, till he came to the very borders} from whence, by the assistance of friends whom he trusted, he found himself secure in the Highlands, with his most foithfiil firiend the Laird of Inchbracoe,^ where he lay quiet with^ out undertaking any action, until the Earl of Antrim made good so much of his undertaking, that he sent over Colonel Alexander Macdonald, with a regiment of 1 500 soldiers, who landed in the Highlands, at or near the place agreed on," w,here the Marquis was ready. to receive him; which he did with great joy, and quickly published his commission of being General for the King over all the kingdom. With this handful of men thus brought together, he brought

> Chart J penes Docem de Montrose. < Guthrie's Memoirs.

^ WishArft Mcmoits of the Mtrqais of Mootivse.

dl8 PEERAGE OF E^iGLAND/

in so maoy of. his coontrymea to join with biro> as were sooft strong enough to arm tbemseWes at the charge of their enemk s^ 'whom they first defeated, and every day increased in power, till he fought and prevailed in the several battles of TippenBuir, AU ford, Aldeam, Aberdeen, Inverlochy, and Kilsyth, that he made himself, in little more than one year, master of the greatest part of the kingdom; and did all those stopendons acts, which are deservedly the subject of a History excellently written in Latin by, Dr. Gewrge Wishart, Bishop of Edinburgh, though very ill translated since by an unknown hand.'

After the battle of Kilsj^ in 1645, where he defeitted tho greatest army the Covenanters ever got together, killing and' taking five thousand foot and four hundred horse, the Marquis marched eastward, took the city of Edinburgh ff and advancing bis course towards England, he was unexpectedly attacked by Major general David Lesley, with the whole strength of the Scots horse, at Philiphaugb, September 13th, 1645,* where he was to* tally defeated; so that bis future triumph was not only prevented, but he was compelled with grea: loss to retire again to the High- lands, for rrcruiting of his army; in which he had wonderfully succeeded, when he received his Majesty's positive orders,*^ while be was in the hands of the Scots army before Newark, to iay down his arms by a certain day prefixed, and to leave the king- dom, till when they pretended they could not declare for his Ma* ' jesty i and this (as the Earl of Clarendon writes), was done with ao^much eamestnew, and by a particular messenger known and trusted, that the Marquis obeyed, and transported himself into FranOf^, toward the end of the year 1646.^ He resided there for some time, and took the opportunity while he attended at the^ French court, to make some overtures to Cardinal Mazarine, to* raise an army for tlie service of the King, which the crafty Car- dinal did not receive, says the Lord Clarendon, with that regard' the Marquis's great name deserved. Thereupon he left France, und made a journey into Germany, to the Emperor's court, de* siring to see armies till he could come to command them : and waa offered by his Imperial Majesty (as Loyd writes), the com- mand of ten thousand men against the Swedes. Bot being desir- ous of serving his own Sovereign, he returned thence to Brussels,

» S«c Cens. Lit. II. 264. 7 The Bishop of Dankelo's Memoirs.

* Bishop Guthrie's Memohs.

« Clarendon's Hist, of Rebel, fol. Vol. III. p. 23.

«> BifhopWishmpfiRl.

OaAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 310

wbore be lay privately, for sometime^ till he heard x>£ the mordcr of the King. Then he sent King Charles II. the tender of his lervioe^ and to know, if his Majesty thought his attendance npoa him might bring any prejudice to his affairs ^ and if so, desired he would seiKi over the Chancellor of the Exchequer (after Earl of Clarendon), to Sevenberg, a town in Flanders, where he was at present to expect him, and had matters to communicate to him. of much importance to his Majesty's service. 1 he Marqub having met with some coldness from the Queen at Fw^, the King commanded the Chancellor presently to go to him, and, if he oould, without exasperating, him (which he had no mind to 43o), persuade him rather for some time to smpeud his coming lo the Hague, than presently to appear there; which was aniujuno* tion very disagreeable to the Chancellor (as he himself writeft)^ wlio, in his judgment, believed his Majesty should bid him vtty welcome, and prefer him before any other of that naUon in hia esteem. After some conferences, he promised not to come to th« Hague, till he should first receive advice from the Chancellor i but when he heard <^ the Commissioners being*come from Scot* land, he would no longer defer his journey thither, but came welV attended by servants and officers, and presented himself to tha Kii^ with the tender of his service ; who received him with a very good countenance, and as a most gracious testimony of hk great fidelity and merit, presented him with the Ensigns of the most noble Order of the Gorier.

While the King remained at the Hague, there were, besidoi the Marquis of Montrose, and those of the Nolnlity who adhered to him, the Conimissioners who came from the Council and lb« Kirk, to invite his Majesty into Scotland, or rather to let htm know on what terms he might come thither; and the Duke of Hamilton, with others of the Nobility who joined with, bim^ made another party. There was nothing the King wished for more, than some expedient might be found out to unite all par«» ties; especially that there might be a union and reconciliation betwixt Montrose and the Hamilton faction, who had an equal desire to serve the Kingi and were as much persecuted by the party who then governed, as the Marquis was; yet the animoatty of each of them was so much against him, that they were equally his implacable enemies ; and did not only refuse to meet with him, but at soon as he came into the room where they were, though his Majesty himself was present, they immediately with- drew; and, as the Earl of Clarendon wntet, had the coofideac*

no PBERAGJS OF ENGLAND.

M> <ktfre the Kiog, ^hat the Marquis of • Montrose (whom they called James Grahaai)> might be forbidden to come into his Ma-- jesty's presence or court, because he stood excommunicated bf the Kirk, and degraded and forefaulted by the judicatoiy of the kingdom. His Majesty declared his being very much ofiended at this demand ; which he made manifest, by using the Marquis with the aaore countenance, and. in holding the more frequent conferences with him (as the £arl of Clarendcm writes). Also^ that the King finding that it was not possible to bring the Lords of the Scottish nation together to confrr upon the affairs of that kingdom, he thought ta have drawn them severally; that is, those of the engagement by themselves, and the Marquis of Montrose^ with his firiends, by themselves 5' to have given him their advice in the presence of his Council, so that upon debate thereof be- tween thqm, his Majesty might the more maturely have deter- mined what he was to do. The Marquis of Montrose expressed a great willingness to give his Majesty satisfaction in thb, or any «ther way 5 beio^ wilUng to deliver his opinion concerning things or persons, before any body, and in any place : but the Lords of the £ngagattent positively refused to deliver their opinion but to the King himself, and not in the presence of his Council.

The Marquis clearly perceived the Lords of the other parties would never unite with him, and that his attendance on the King might possibly bring some prejudice to his service ; and therefore proposed to his Majesty to give him letters and credentials to several Princes in Germany, and to the Northern Crowns^ by which he might appear Aiubassador extraordinary from the King, if he should fiikl it expedient, by the help of those Princes, to ' obtain the loan of money, arms, and ammunition, to enable him to prosecute his intended descent into Scotland : and the King^ says the Earl of Clarendon, glad that he did not press for ready money, which. he was not able to supply him with, ga?e him such letters as he desired, and a commission to raise such a foce together, as, by the help of those Prmces he went to, be might be enabled to do: upon which the Marquis set out for Hamburgh, which he appointed for the rendezvous of all those -troops he expected from Germany, having before sent the Kings letters to the German Princes by several of his officers. He made "no long stay tliere, but went in person both to Sweden and Den- mark, where he found the performance very disproportionable to the hopes and encouragement he had received from thence; whereby he was obliged to return to H^mbui^b, with very small

* GRAHAM EABl GRAHAM. 221

supplies from either or both those kingdoms $ and there he re- ceived no better account from those officers he had sent to Ger* many : therefore, concluding that aJl his hopes from Germanj and those Northern Princes would not increase the strength he had already, ^hich did not amount to above five hundred, he^ in the depth of winter^ caused those soldiers he had draWn toge- ther, to be embarked for Scotland, and sent officers with them, who knew the country, with directions that they should land In such a place in the Highlands, and remain there till he came to them, or sent them orders. Then in another vessel, commanded by a Captain very faithful to the King, and who was well ac- quainted with the coast, he embarked himself, with near an hun- dred officers, and landed in another creek, not far firom the other place whither his soldiers were directed : and both the one and the other party were set safely on shore in the Orkneys, April , 15tb, 16505*^ thence he came over to Caithness, and presently repaired to the house of a gentleman of quality, who expected him, by whom he was well received ; and thought himself in security, till he might put his affairs in some method : after he had staid there a short time, he quickly possessed himself of an old castle, which, in respect of the situation in a country so im- possible for an army to march in, he thought strong enough for hb purpose. Thither he conveyed his arms, ammunition, and troc^, which he had brought with him 5 and published his de- claration, " Th^t he came with the King's commission, to assist those his good subjects, and to preserve them from oppression : that he did not intend to give any interruption to the treaty that he heard was entered into with his Majesty ^ but, on the con- trary, hoped, that his being at the head of an army, how small tpever, that was faithful to the King, might advance the same : that be had givep sufficient proof in his former actions, if any agreement were made with the King, upon the ^rst order from his^ Majesty, he would lay down his arms, and dispose himself according to his Majesty's good pleasore.** With the declarationij» which he sent to his friends, and dispersed among the people, as t^iey could be able, he wrote likewise to those of the Nobility^ and the prindpal heads of the Highland clans, to draw such forces leather as they thought necessary to join with him } and he re« caved answers from many of them, by which they desired him to advance more into the Low-lands, and assured him that they

c Mfomn of the Mar^olt of Mottrase^

224 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

*woQld resort to him with good numhers of their friends and fol- lowers, which many of them did prepare to do with great since- rity, and others with a purpose to betray him.

The alarm of Montrose's landing startled the Parliament, then sitting at Edinburgh, insomuch, that it gave them no leisure to think of any thing cht than of sending forces to hinder the re- course of others to join with him -, and therefore sent Colonel ' Straghan with a choice party of the best horse they had, to make all possible haste towards him, and to prevent the insurrections which they feared would be in several parts of the Highlands -, and within a few days after. Lieutenant-general Lesley followed with a stronger party of horse and foot. The encouragement the Marquis received from his friends, and the unpleasantness of the quarters in which he was, prevailed with him to march with ihesc few troops more into the land j and the Highlanders flock- " ing to him from all quarters, made' him undervalue any enemy (hat he thought was yet like to encounter him ; but the Marquis being without any body of horse to discover the motion of an enemy, and depending upon all necessary intelligence from the affections of the people ; Straghan made such haste towards hi^, that he was within a small distance of him before he heard of bis approach ; and those Highlanders who had seemed to come with much zeal to him, whether terrified or corrupted, left him on a sudden, or threw down their arms; so that he had none left but ^ a company of good officers, and five or six hundred foreigners, Dutch and Germans, who had been acquainted with their officers : with these he betook himself to a place of some advantage, bj the inequality of the ground j and there they made a defence for a time with notable courage; but the enemy being so much supe- rior in number, and his common soldiers being all foreigners, after about 100 of them were killed upon the place, they tlirew down their arms ; and the Marquis, seeing all lost, threw away his rib- bon and George, and found means to change his clothes with a. fellow of the country 5 and so after having gone on foot two or three miles, got into a house of a gentleman, M'Leod of Assint,^ where he remained concealed about two days; but whether bjr the owner of the house, or any other way, the Marquis was disco- vcred, he there was taken prisoner, and the next day or soon after delivered to the General, who had come up with bis forces, and' kad nothing left to do but to carry bim in triumph to Edinburgh.

' Mercurttts PoIiticiHi ad annom t66t.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. ^ 333

Band Jjesicy, the General^ treated the Marquis with great in* tolence $ and fbr some days carried h^m in the same clothes and habit in which he was taken, but at last permitted him to buy better. His behaviour was, in the whole time, such as became a great man ; his countenance serene and chearful, as one that was superior to all those reproaches they had prepared the people to pour out upon him^ in all the places through which he was to pass.

When he came to one of the gates of Edinburgh, he was met by some of the Magistrates, to whom he was delivered^ and by tbetn presently put into a new cart, purposely made, in which there was a high chair, or bench, upon which he sat, that the people might have a full view of him, being bound with a cord drawn over his breast and shoulders, and fastened through holes made in the cart. When he was in this posture the hangman took off his hat, and rode himself before tfie cart in his livery, aad with his bonnet on } the other officers, who were taken pri- soners with him, walking two and two before the cart : the streets and windows being full of people to behold the triumph over a person, whose name had made them tremble some few years be- Ibre^ and into whose hands the Magistrates of that place had, opoo their knees, delivered the keys of that city. In this manner he was carried to the common gaol, and received and treated as a common malefactor.

Withhi two days after, he was brought before the Parliament, where the Chancellor made a very bitter and virulent speech gainst lum ; and told him, '' He had broken all the covenants bf which the nation stood obliged, and had in^piously rebelled' against God, the King, and the kingdom ; that he had commit- ted many horrible murders, treason, and impieties, for all which he was now brought to sufier condign punishment;** with all those reproaches, says my author, against his person and his ac- tiont, which the liberty of that place gave him leave to use.

Permission was then given him to speak, and witliout the least troable in his countenance, or disorder, upon all the indignities he bad suffered, he told them, ** Since the King had owned them m far as to treat with them, he had appeared before them with lererence, and bare-headed, which otherwise he would not wiU MDgly have done : that he 4iad done nothing of which he was jibamed* or had cause to repent ; that the first covenant be had taken, and complied with it, and with them who took it, as long 4a the cads for which it was ordained were observed ; but whea

%U PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

he discovered, which was now evident to all the worid^ that pri- vate and particular men designed to satisfy their own ambition and interest, instead of considering the public benefit ^ and that, under the pretence of reforming^ some errors in rdigion, they re- solved to abridge and take away the King's just power and law- ful authority, he had withdrawn himself from that engagemeot : that for the league and covenant, he had never taken it, and therefore could not break it 3 and it was now apparent to the whole Christian world what monstrous mischiefs it had produced; that wben^ under colour of it, an army from Scotland had in- vaded England, in assistance of the rebellion that was then against their law^l King, he had, by his Majesty's command, received a commistton from him to raise forces in Scotland, that he might thereby divert them from the other odious prosecution : that he had executed that commission witli the obedience and duty be owed to the King ; and in all the circumstances of it, had pro- ceeded like a gentleman; and had never suffered any Uood to , be shed but in the heat of the battle; and that he saw many per- sons there whose lives he had saved: that when the King com- manded him, be laid down his arms, and withdrew out of the kingdom; which they could not have compelled him to have done.** He said, *' he was now again entered into the kingdom by his Majesty's command, and with his authority: and what success soever it might have pleased God to have given him. he would always have obeyed commands he should have received from him.'* He advised them, " to consider well of the conse* quences before they proceeded against him ; and that all hit ac^ tions might be examined and judged by the laws of the land, or those of nations.'* .

And soon as he had ended his discourse, he was ordered to withdraw; and, after a short space, was again brought in, and told by the Chancellor, '' That he was, on the morrow, the cme and twentieth of May, 1650, to be carried to Edinburgh cross, and there to be hanged upon a gallows thirty feet high, for the space of three hours^ and then to be taken down, and his head to be cut off upon a scaffold, and hanged on Edinburgh tolboothi his legs and arms to be hanged up in other public towns of the kingdom, and his body to be buried at the place where he waa to be executed, except the Kirk should take off his excommunica- tion ; and then his body might be buried in the common place of burial.**^ He desired he might say somewhat to them, but was not anf-

GRAHAM KARL GRAHAM. 2U

fered, and so was carried back to the prison ; and tfaere^ that he might not enjoy any ease or quiets during the short remainder of fife, their ministers came presently to insult orer him with all the teproaches imaginable; pronounced his danmation ; and assured him^ '' that the judgment he was the next day to suffer^ was but in easy prologue to that which he was to undergo afterwards.*' AAer many such barbarities^ they offered to intercede fbr him to the Kirky upon his repentance^ and to ppiy with him; but he too well understood the form of their commoh-prayer in those cases, to be only the most rirulcnt and insolent imprecations upon the fcnons of those they prayed against. '' Lord, vouchsafe yet to touch the obdurate heart of this proud incorrigible sinner, this wicked, perjured, and prophahe person, who refuses to hearken to the voice of the JCirk,** (and the like charitable expressions), and therefore he desired them *' to spare their pains, and leave him to his own devotions." And it is adm!i;^ble to consider with what magnanimity and firmness of soul he heard the judgment that condemned him to be quartered ; replying to the Chancellor who pronounced it, '' That he was prouder to have his head set upon the place it wds appointed to be, than he could have been to have had his picture hang in the King's bed-chamber : that he was BO far from being troubled that his four limbs were to "be banged in four principal cities of the kingdom, th^t he heartily wished he had flesh enough to be sent to every city in Christen- dom, as a testimony of the cause for which he sufiered."

The next day (May 21st. 1650), every part and circumstance of that? barbarous sentence was executed upon him with all the inhumanity imaginable } and he bore it with all the courage and magnanimity, and the greatest piety that a good Christian, could manifest. He magnified the virtue^ courage, and religion of the last King; commended the justice, the goodness, and under- standing of the present King, and prayed, '', that they might not betray him as they had done his father." When he had ended all he had to say, and was expecting to expire, they acted yet one iceae pdore of their tyranny on him j the hangman brought the book that had been published of his truly heroic actions, whilst he commanded in the kingdom, together with his declaration, tied in a small cord, and put about his neck. At this new in- stance of their malice the Marquis smiled, and thanked them for it; and said, " he was pleased it should be there, and was prouder of wearing it, than ever he had been of the Garter :*' and so re*

VOL. IV. ja "

226 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND

newing some devout ejacolatioDS, he patient]/ endared the last act of the Executioner.

*^ Thus died the gallant Marquis of Montrose, after he had given (says the Earl of Clarendon, in his character of him)^ as great a testimony of loyalty and courage, as a subject can do, and performed as wonderful actions in several battles, upon as great - inequality of numbers, and as great disadvantages in respect of arms, and other preparations for war, as have bieen performed io this age." Adding further, *' He was a gentleman of a vciy ancient contraction, many of whose ancestors had exercised the highest charges under the King in that kingdom, and had bee^ allied to the crown itself. He was of very good parts, which were improved by a good education. He was in his nature fear- less of danger, apd never declined any en^erprize fof the diiBcoltj of going through with it, but exceedingly effected those which seemed desperate to other nien, and did believe spmewhaf to be io himself above other Ynen ^ which made him live tpaorp e^tsUj towards those who were, or were willing to be infe^r to hto^ towards whom he exercised wonderful civility and generosity* than with his superiors or equals. He was naturally jealous; and suspected those who did not concur with him in his way* not to mean so well as he. He was not without vanity, but his virtoes were much superior ; and he well deserved to have his memory preserved and celebrated amongst the most illustrious peraons qf the age in which he lived.*'

His body was interred at the place of execution, where it rested till t))e restoration of Charles II. when, by his Majesty ti special appointment, his scattered parts were gathered together, and de* posited in the Abbey-Church of Holy- Rood-House, where thqr remained till May I4th, l66l, when his corpse was with th^ greatest n^agnificence and solemnity that could be devied, car^e^ to the cathedral chuich qf St. Giles, and interred in the isl^ be- longing to his family,*^ being accompanied to the grave by the Lord High Commissioner (the Earl of Middleton), and all, thp member? of Pariiament.''

This nob\p Marquis married Magdalen, daughter of Davi^ first Earl of Southesk, by whom he had hb son and heir.

Jambs, secmd Mqrquis of Montrose, whp was too youn^ to

« Relatioa of the Funerals of the Great Marquis of Kfontrosci printed in i64<. f See Park's R. uid N. A. V. 9^.

GRAHAM EARL CHELARAIL taf

kive a put in the war mider hi* fttber^ sod after kit daA, be- ing divested of hit estate^ he lived quietly and priTBtelj onder tbe powers diat then prevailed^ retainiDg his afiection and fiddity to the crown ; which he manifested, in parfbnning all the offices of fidelity and daty to the King> throoghont the whole coorse of the usurpation, that a generous and worthy person could find any op* portunity for^ with which hb l^bjesty was abundantly satisfied asdplcMed.

On the return of Charles IT. the Marquis was restored to his estate, and the act of his fiither s foriUtore repealed^ and named otte of the Lords of his Majesty's Privy»Counci] : yet it admini* fltered much discourse, both then and a^wards, that his Lordship was not preferred to any of the great o&ces of tbe crown, €onsi<* dering the transcendent merit of bis father, and the great value and esteem the King had of him, as a nobleman of great honour and integrity; but the reason assigned for it was, that the Mar- quis did not affect any public character, a life of privacy and qdet being really his own choice, and what was more suited to hit humour and natt^re: and dying in February 1699,8 his corpse wat, on April 33d after, interred at the cbapel of Aber*Ruthven^ in Ferthshire, with his ancestors; and his funeral sermon was preached by Dr. Alexander Burnet, then Archbishop of Glasgow^ wherein he gave the Marquis this amiable character: '' He ^as a nobleman of great honour and probity, so great a lover of ju^ ' tioe^ and so strict in the observation of his word and promise^ that no man was ever more worthy the title of jfm honest mam,'*

He married Isabel, daughter of William Earl of Morton, wi- dow of Robert first Earl of Roxburgh, by whom he had, 1 . Janiea» his successor. And,

2. Lord Charles, who died a young man of great hopes aa4 courage; likewise three daughters; viz.

Lady Anne, married to Alexander Levingston, Earl of Calcis dar ; Lady Jane, to Sir John Urqnhart, of Cromarty; and La^ Grisel, to Mr. William Cochran, of Omamock, son to Williada Lord Cochran.

Jamss, third Marquis $f Montrose, his son, was a Nobleman of great parts, improved by a good education. On the death c£ his father. King Charles took him into his immediate care; made him, first, Capuin of the guard; and then, that he might fit him bjT d^reesfi>r the greatest trusts andemployments^preftned him

I CharU iaCantetlarla S.D.N.R.

%M FEERAGB OF ENGLAND.

to be President of the Privy-Coaadl« Sheriff of Danbarton^ BttlU of the regally of Leoox» Glasgow, &o. but death overtook him not long after, in the prime of his years, on April 25tb, 1684/ to the general regret of the whole nation, and the particular sorrow of his own relations^ who lamented his death exceedingly, as a great loss to his family. By Christian hb wife,,daughter of Joim Lesly Duke of Rothes, he had an only son,

James, created Duke of Montrose. Which noble Duke beiog a person of bright and distinguishing parts, and the head of t ^ry noble family, that had in no time swerved ia its fidelitj to the crown, her Majesty Queen Anne^ soon after he came to ag^ called him to her Privy-Council, made him, first. Lord High- Admiral of Scotland, in 1/05,^ and then Lord President of the Council, in little more than a year«fter;^ in which station, and in all other capacities, bis Lordship exerted himself with the most ardent zeal and vigour, in promoting the. succession to the crown in the Protestant line, and did all he could to consolidate the two kingdoms in any incorporating union ; in consideratioii whereof, as well as in respect to his Lordship's personal merits imd in honour to his noble family, for which the Queen alw^iyi piofessed a very great value and regard, her Majesty was pleased ' by letters patent, dated April 24th. 1707,^ to make him Duke qf Montrose:^ and it is to be observed, as a special instance of hot Majjesty*8 more immediate favour, that the honour was not re- stricted to the heirs*male of the Duke's own body, but was to descend to his heirs of entail.

His Grace continued Lord President of the council, till the Birliament of Great Britain thought fit to dissolve the Scottish Privy-Coundl some time after the commencing of the Union^ {Mutuant to the act: but was sworn, November 25th, 17QB, again of her Majesty's Privy-Councilj and was made Lord Privy-Sea)^ February 28th, 17095 which office he held till 1713,° when he was laid aside for not complying with the measures of the court during the £arl of Oxford's administration.

The Duke's firm and inviolable adherence to the Protestant succession, which his Grrace had early, and with much seal, maintained and asserted, could not fail to entitle him to a magm

k Chatta in Cancellaria S.D.K.R. dated February 13d, 170^. '1 Ibidem, dsted February sStb, 1706. k ibidea. J lbid«

» Bumef 8 O. T. II. 409. » Charta is Cancellaria S.D, N.R. dated February iSth, 1706.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 22g

than ordinaiy fayour of the illustrioos family in whom the right was established by law } so that the Elector of Hanover^ after- wards George I. being impowered, by act <^ Parliament, to nd- minate so many persons as he should think proper, to be joined with the seven great officers of state^ in the administration of the government till his arrival, he reposed such confidence in the Duke's affection and fidelity, that he was named one of the Lords of the Regency. But being at his seat in the country, on the demise of Queen Anne, August J st, 1714, his Grace made haste to Edinburgh, where he was present at the proclamation of King George on the 5 th 5 and taking post for London, arrived on the 10th, and concurred cordially with the other Lord Justices, in iaoiog such orders as were necessary to support the honour and dignity of the crown, and secure the peace and tranquillity of the kingdom. Whereupon the King, on September 24th, six daya ifter his arrival, appointed his Grace one of his Majesty's prind- pd Sed:etarie8 of State; and swore him of his Privy-Council. On March 2d, 171^15, he was elected one of the sixteen Peers of North'Britain; and from the year ] 7^4 to 1/20 was Keeper of the Great Seal in Scotland. On July 9th, 17 lO, he was appointed Lord Clerk Register of North-Britain; was again elected one of the sixteen Peers, representatives of the Nobility of Scotland ; also in that year, November 11th, was again appointed Keeper of the Great Seal there, and Sheriff of Stirling ; being then Chancellor of the Univerdty of Glasgow, aud Fellow of the Royal Society.

His Majesty likewise, in consideration of his services, advanced ikis eldest son, David Marquis of Graham, to the dignity of aa Eail of Great Britain, by the style and title of Earl Gra- ham, and Baron Graham, of Belford, in the county of 'North* wnherland, 23d May, 17^2, 8 George I. with remainder to WU» Sam Graham, Esq. (commonly called Lord William Graham), second son of James Duke of Montrose, in taH-male; remainder to George Graham, Esq. (commonly called Lord George Graham),^ his third son, in tail^male. And the said David Earl Graham dying aomarried in his father's lifetime, on October 2d, 17dJ» the honour devolved on his next brother^ the said Lord William Graham.

His Grace married the Lady Christian Carnegie, daughter of David Earl of Northesk; a Lady of the most consummate virtue, hf whom he had a daughter, 1. Lady Margaret^ who died un^ married.

2. James, Marquis of Graham» who died in his inftncy.

f» PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

3. Davids Blarqois of Gcaham, first ^ari Gtahain of Bcl£xd.

4. Lord William^ seooiid Earl Graham.

5. IamA GeoifPf who, bdog brought up to the sea service, dis- tioguished himself by his cooduct aod bravery as a Captaia of the navy, but died a bachelor oo Jaouary 2d, 1746-7.

{lis Grace died 00 Januaiy 7th, 1741-2, and was interred in thebuiyiog-place of his noble anceitorj at Perth, in February fol- lowing.

William, second Earl Gaaham, and secend Duke of Mok- irose^ was Chancellor of the University of Glasgow, and Governor ofthe Royai Bank of Scotland. In October 1742, he married Lady Lucy Manners, daughter to John second Duke of Rutland | and by her, who died June I8th, 1^83, had

James Marquis of Graham.

And Lady Lucy, married June 13th, 1771, to the Hon. Archi- ^Id Douglas, now Lord Douglas* She died February 7tb» 1780.

His Grace died September 23d, 1790, aod was succoeded by his only son.

Jambs, thiho Earl Graham, and third Duke of Montrose, bom February 8th, 1755. His Grace, while a Commoner^^^c- presented in Parliament the borough of Richmond, in Yorkshire, 1780; and was made a Lord of the Treasury in December 1783. He IS LL.D. Knight of the Thistle, Master of the Horse to the King, Lord Justice General of Scotland, Lord-Lieutenant of Stirlingshire, Hereditary Sheriflf of Dunbartonshire} Chancellor of the University of Glasgow j President of the Society of Antiqua- ftesof Scotland) an4 Extraordinary President of the Royal Bank of Scotland.

His Grace married, first, March 5th, 1785, Lady Jemima-Eli- zabeth, daughter of John Earl of Ashburnhamj and by her, who died September 18th, 1786, had a son, bom September 4th, 1786, who died April 29th, 1787. His Grace, married, secondly, July 24th, 1790, Lady Elizabeth Montague, sister to William Duke of Manchester^ by whom he has,

J. Lady Georgiana-Charlotte, bom June 9th, 1791.

2. Lady Caroline, born September 30th, 1792. ^

3. A third daughter, bom October 2d, 1793.

4. Marquis of Graham, born July l6th, I799.

5. A daughter, bora Jupe 22d, 1805, C. A soo^ bora Februaiy 2d, I8O7.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAJ^. 231

Titles, James Grabain^ Duke of Montrose, kc. m Scotland i Earl Graham, and Baron Graham, of Bellbrd, in the county of Northumberland.

Creations, In England, Biiron Graham, of Belford, and Earl Graham, by letters patent bearing date the 23d of May, 1722, 8 George I.

jirms. Or, oo a chief. Sable, three escallop sheUt, Or.

Crest, On a wreath, an eagle, wings hovering. Or, preying on a stork, on its back, proper.

Supporters, Two Storks close. Argent, beaked and membered. Gules.

Motto, Nb Oublie.

Chief-Seats, At Glasgow, in the county of Lanerk; at Kin* cairn, in the county of Perth; at My ndoek castle, and Buchanan, both in the county of Dunbarton.

23a PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE.

This family of Waldcgravc, ancicntiy written Walgrave, is de- nominated from a place of their own name in the county of Northampton/ at which Wabinb de WaJgrave it the first I find mentioned, who, by the daughter of Riston, had issue,

John de Walgrave, who was ^ Sheriff of London in 120*5, an office then of great power and trust 5 and by his wife, daughter of Sir Henry Hastings, Knt he had issue

Walter de Waldgrave, his son and heir, who had to wife Eli- 2abeth, daughter of Sir James Nevil, of Nottinghamshire, and by . her had issue

Sir Ralph Walgrave, who dying <^ in 3 Edward III. seised of the manors of Walgrave and Holtole, in Northamptonshire; was succeeded by

Sir Richard Waldgrave, Knt. his son and heir, who in 3 Ed- ward m.* attended the King into Aquitain, with John de Wal- grave, junior; and in 9 Edward IIL was •one of the Knights of the Shire for the counry of Lincoln, Also in 11 Edward III. had the King's protection to 'travel beyond the seas, with Henry Burwash Bishop of Lincoln, to hold fiom April 24th, till August 1st, foUowing. He had, likewise, « the next year, with John de Waldegrave, another protection from the King, dated April 10th, 1338, going abroad in his service, with Henry Bishop of Lincoln,' to hold UJl Michaelmas following. He married Agnes, daughter ^^ Baubcncy, by whom be was father of

» Biroiug. Geneal. MS. peoet meipt. Sc Visit, of Essex. ^ Scow's Surrey of Load. e Esc. a E. 3. No. 109.

Rjmer, torn. IV. p. 387. e p^', ^Ui Part of a Brief Reg. p. i4t.

' *^y«"- tom. IV, p. 747. f Ibid. ton. V. p. %z.

WALDBGftAVB EAHL WALDEGRAVE. ^33

Sir Richard WaldegraTe^ Knt. who succeeded to tbe €0late in 48 Edward III. This Sir Richard Walgrave was seated at Smallbridge, in the county 4>f Suffolk ; and was ^ one of tbe Knights for that county, who served in Parliameut in 50 Ed- ward Iir. Also in the reign of King Richard II. was again ^ elected in his 1st, 2d, and 5th years $ in which last, he was chosen Spbakbk of the House of Commons ; and it is memorable, that he was the first that made excuse, desiring to be discharged; but tbe King commanded him on his allegiance to accept the place^ feeing be was chosen by the Commons, tie was again elected in the 6th, 7tb, 10th, and ^ 13th of Richard II. And writing him- self Sir Richard Walgrave, senior, Knt. n^kes his will at Small- brug (as then wrote), April 22d, 1401,^ whereby he orders hit body to be buried in the north side of the parish church of St Mary> at Eaen, near Joan his wife; and gives 20s. to the high altar, and 3s. 4d. to the chapel of the Virgin Mary, and the like sum to the chantry ; he gives to tverj Priest praying for his soul on the day of his burial, 12d. To Richard his son, a missale, with a vestment and chalice : to the parish church of Walgrave, a cope : to the chapel of St. Stephen, in the parish of Buers, m roissale then at London : to his chantry of Polstede, a vestment, and to the brothers of the convent of Sudbury, 100s. to pray for his soul, the soul of Joan his wife, and tbb souls of their benefac- tors. He further bequeathed divers sums to several other con- vents and monasteries; and was a bene&ctor to several Priests to pray for his soul. He appoints Master William Candysh, Rector of the church of Bulmere, Nicholas Blundell, and two other Priests, his executors. And dying on May 2d following, was ^ buried in the parish church of Buers, in the county of Suffolk, near to Joan his wife, who deceased ^ June lOth, 1406. She was daughter and heir to — *—— Silvester, of Buers, in Suffolk, and had issue

Sir RicHAxn Walgrave, Knt. who succeeding to the inherit- ance of his mother, was styled Lord of Buers and Silvesters. Which Sir Richard, with the Lord Clinton, Sir John Howard, and Lord Falconbridge, were " appointed in 1402, to keep the seas I and' landing 10,000 men in Brittany, won the town of

^ PrjA'i fth Part, Sec.' p. 304. * Pryn's Bxtv. Pari. p. 8<, 4p iif *

k Pryn't 4th Part, p. 407. 1 Ex Re^fLvocat* AmndeL part a. p. 49^ in OflT. Principal. Cant. apu4

• Wetvcr*! rpocral MpnoM. p. 757. • Blow's Anaalf, p. 416.

a34 PEEKAGE OF ENGLAND. .

CoDqoet, wkh the Isle of Rb^. He died 2d May, 1434, sml Jane his wife, daughter and heir of Sir Thomas MoDtechensj, of EdwardstoD^ in Suffolk^ Kot. surviving him, died on St. De« nis's day. Anno 1450, and were both buried at Buers. They had is^ue

Sir WiLitiAM Walgrave^ Kot. who had issue by Joan bis wife, daughter of William Doreward, of Dorewardj in Booking, Esaex^ Esq. two sons } Sir Richard and Sir Thomas.

Sir Richard Walgrave, the eldest son, succeeded to the estate i and during the contests between the houses of York and Lan- 4»8ter, was a stout adherer to the interest of the former. In % Edward IV. being then a Knight, he *aecompanled the Earl of Xent in that expedition into Brittany, where landing with 10,000 men, they won the town of Conquet, and the Isle of Rh6e. But departing this life anno 18 Henry VI. without issue, the estate devolved on his brother and heir,

, Sir Thomas, who valiantly behaving at the battle of Towlon Field, where the Yorkists prevailed,^ received the honour of Knighthood from King Edward the same day, being March 29th, 14^1. He married Elizabeth, eldest daughter and coheir of Sir John Fray, Knt. Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer 1 he de* parted this life aono 1500, and was buried at Buers, leaving issue by his wife (who was, secondly, married to Sir William Say, Knt.) three sons;

1. William.

2. Edward, of whom hereafter, as ancestor to the present Earl of Waldegrave,

And, 3. Richard.

Also three daughters ; Jane, second wife of Thomas Mannock, of Gifford*s-Hall, in Sufiblk, Esq. who had no issue; Catharine, wife to George Mannock, Esq. son to the said Thomas, by hit first wife; and ^ Anne, wife to — — Favion. : William Walgrave, the eldest son, succeeded to the inherit- ance of his ancestors, and was made 'one of the Kniphts of the Bath, November 14th, 1501, at the marriage of Prince Arthur, eldest son of Henry VII. He* was in Ap.-il 1509, one of the executors of the will of John Vere, Earl of Oxford ; and had 61. 13 s. 4d. beq6eathed to him, for his labour therein: so much was he respected by.that great Earl.

o HolliDihed* Chroo. P JekyKs Cat. of lUightt.

S Vsit. of Essex, 1613, MS. r j^kyVt Cit. of Riiifhtt.

* £z Rrgist. F(trypl«ce, ^u. 11. tr Co-. ProMf. Ciac

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 1^5

In 3 Heirfy VIII. this Sir Willfam Waldegravc, Knigbt/ wai Qomtnated by act o£ Parliament, as one of the roost discreet per- spos (as the words of the act are), for assessing and collecting a subsidy of 163,000]. by a poll-tax, &c. and writing him.<*elf of Smalbridge, in Suffolk, made bis will " on January 26tb> 1524*^, appointing his body to be baried in the parish church of St. Mary of Buers, in a tomb he had caused to be made under the arch, between the high altar and the chapel of Jesu ; and that be be buried Within the space of twenty-four hours after his decease. He gives to dame 'Margery hb wife (who bad the manor of Ed' wardston settled on her), all his jewels : and it appears that he died seised of divers manors and lands in the counties of Suffolk « Essex, and Northampton. He was a man ot great piety, as his bequests to sei'cral (Churches shew 5 and he desires his executors above all things to pay his debts; or if he had wronged any mao^ to satisfy them. He constituted Margery his wife, and his sons, George and William, executors of his last will; which was proved on March 6th, 1627-8, having departed this life on January 30th preceding.

Margery his wife, was daughter of Sir Henry Wcntworth, of Codham, in Essex ; and their issue were four sons : l . Greorge. 2. Anthony. 3. William. And,' 4. Edmund; also several daughters.

Gbokob, his eldest son and heir, born in 1483, survived his Either but a short time, dying in the year 1528; as is manifest from his last will, dated ^ July 6th, that year, and the probate on August 25th following. He orders his body to be buried near the tomb of his father, and bequeaths his manors of Smalbridge- Silvester, otherwise called Netherhall, Ovcrball, and Freps, in Buers, together with the manor of Wethermooford (alias Wor- mynford), in Essex, with other manors, to Anne his wife (ccfti- stituting her sole executrix), during the minority of William, his son and heir; 'and if he died, that she hold them till (^orge, his second son, come to the age of twenty-one years, and so to Ed- ward the third, and Richard his youngest.

This Anne his wife, was daughter to Robert Drury, of Halsted, in Suffi^k, and remarried with Sir Thomas Jermyn, of Rush- brooki ui Suffolk :y by her first husband, besides the sons before-

« Rot. Part. an. 5. ft 6. H. S. Dors. 31.

« E« Regist. Voctl. PiTtb, qu. 29. in Cor. Pnerog. C«i>t.

s ML %M. 36. 7 Visit. Suffolk, MS. penes nie:pf.

285 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

mentioned, she bad two daughters; Anne, married to Henrj Bores, of Acton, in Suffolk;* and, secondly, to Sir Clement Higbam, Knt. Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer; and PhilUs, to Thomas Higham, of Higham, Esq.* ,

From George Waldegrave, the second son, descended the familj seated at Higham, in Essex, for several generations.

Edward, the third, was seated at Lawford^ in Essex.

William, the eldest son, received the honour of Knighthood^ before 35 Henry VIII. when, as Hollipsbed writes, he and Sir George Somerset were sent over to Calais, to strengthen the Eng- lish pale with 200 men out of Suffolk ^ and soon after their ar* rival defeated 800 Frenchmen, who had designed to spoil the country. In 3 Edward VI. he accompanied the Marquis of Northampton against the Norfolk rebels, and the following year was Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk. On the death of Edward VI. being of great interest and large possessions in the county of Suf- folk, Queen M^ry wrote to him, and four other gentlemen, on July Qtb, 1553, to adhere to her title. Accordingly they engaged the Sufiblk men to appear for her, and were a principal means of placing that Princess on the throne. But Sir William Waldegrave dying at Calais, December 12th the same year, prevented the ^re- . ' ferments he might have expected for that service; Icfiving issue by Julian his wife, daughter to Sir John Raynsford, Knt. (and sister and heir to Sir John), William, his son and heir, and three ^ daughters \ Dorothy, married to Arthur Harris, of Essex, Esq. ; Margery, to John Wiseman, of Canfield-hall, in Essex, Esq.; and Mary, to Edward Wyat, Esq.; secondly, to Walter Mildmay, of Pishiobury, in Hertfordshire, Knt. ancestor to the late Earl Fitz- walter; and *died January 2d, l605.

Which William Waldegrave received the honour of Knight- hood, anno 1578. He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter to Sir Thomas Mildmay, Knt. ancestor to the late Earl Ktzwalter; and, secondly, Grisild, relict of Sir Thomas Rivet, Knt.'' and daughter to Thomas Lord Pa'get : and left several children by bis first wife wife (who died 1581), whereof Sir William Waldegrave, Knt. was seated at Smalbridge, and lies buried at Bures.

But I now return to Edward Waldegrave, second son to Sir Thomas Waldegrave, Knt. by Elizabeth his wife, daughter and coheir of Sir John Fray, Knt. Lord Chief BarOn of the Exchequer, befure mentioned, as ancestor to the present Earl.

■ Vttitt SafFolk, MS. penet meipi. • Stimon^t Hertfordshiie, p. 265.

WALDE6RAVE EARL WALDE6RAVE. aa;

Wbich Edward rended at Boreley, io Em#X| he married £11- aabeth, daughter and coheir to John Chejnej, of the county of Devon, Esq. and died in 1501, leaving issue two daughters, EH- zaheth, wife of — — — — Eden, Clerk of the Star-duunber ; and Maigery, wife of Robert Rjce, of Preston, in Essex ; also

John, his son and heir, who married Lora, daughter of Sk^ ^ohn Rochester of the county of Essex, Knight (and sister to Sir Robert Rochesler, Knight of the Garter, Chancellor of the duchy oi Lancaater, and Com^oller of the Household in the reign of Oneen Mary), by whom he had issue four sons ; Edward, Ro- bert, John, and Thomas: also two daughters 3 Mary^. wife of — — Abboc of Cockshall, in Essex; and Ann. And departing ^this life 00 October 6th, 1543, hb eldest son, November SOth following, by the name of Edward Waldegrave, Esq. son and heir of John Waldegrave, Esq. had special liveiy of his lands.

^This Edward Waldegrave, in 1 Edward VI. had a grant to him, and his heirs, of the manor and rectory of West-Haddon, in Northamptonshire. And in the 7th year of that reign, being a principal officer in the household of the Lady Maxy (afterwarda Queen of England), he incurred the King's displeasure, by ie« fosing to forbid the odiebratkm of the Mass in her house $ and together .with Sir Robert Rochester, his uncle, and Sir Frauds Englefield^ the two other prmdpal officers, who had offimded on the same account, were first committed to the Fleet on August 20th, and two days after sent to the Tower, with orders to the lieutenant to keep them dose prisoners, without pen, ink, or paper, and not to suffer them to speak to any map.

Augutt 13 th, 1551, Sir Robert Rochester,^' this Sir Edward Waldegrave, and Sir Francis Eoglefidd, were sent for by the Council, to appear before them at Hampton-Court, to let the Lady Mary know by them rather than by strangers (the less to molest her), that tl:^ communion-book should be used hereafter in her fomily, and to prohibit her chaphiins saying Mass in her ' house, on pain of the King's displeasure. And in case her Grace on this message dinnissed them, they were commanded not to leave her acrvice or her house, but to stay and see the order ful-. filled i and to deliver a letter to her Grace from the King.

What fdlowed on this, b set forth in a manuscript in the Cot- ton library, sub Effig. Titus, B, ii. p. 68.

" Thia day £August 22d3 Mr. Rochester, Sir Francis £nglo«

^ Pat. I £dwai4 VI. c StrjpcVEccleMast. Memarialt, p. 2$y

236 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

£dd, and Mr. Wtldegrare, OflSeen to the Lfidy Mary^s Grace* were before the Lords, and declared unto their Lordships, that upon Saturday the 15th of this present, they arrifed at Copped- Hall somewhat before night. By reason whereof they did not the same night execute their charge committed to them at Hamp* ton Court the 14th of this present. The Sunday following, be* cause they understood that her Grace received the Sacrament* they did abstain to deliver their letters before noon, considering that the same would trouble and disquiet her. So a^ after taking commodity to declare their letters, after that her Gr^oe had read them, they made oflTer to her to declare what charge they had re^ ceived of the Lords to execute, praying her Grace to be contented to hear the same. Whereupon her Grace made answer, That flhe knew right well,tbat their commission was agreeing with such matters as was contained in her letters, and that therefore the]r needed not to rehearse the same. Howbeit, then pressing her Grace, she was finally content to bear them. And when tbef had done, she seemed to be marvellously o6Fended with them; and charged them, that they bhould not declare that same thef liad in charge to say, neither to her chaplains nor £imily. Wbick if they did, besides that they should not take her hereafter for their mistress, she would immediately depart out of the house. Upon this, as the said Rochester, Englefield, and A^degrave, said to the Lords, that ft>rasroucb as she oftentimes altered her colour, and seemed to be passionate and unquiet, they forbore to trouble her any farther; fearing that the troubling her might ])erchance bring her into her old disease, and besought her to consider the matter calmly with herself, and pass thereupon against Wednesday next, when they would wait on her Grace, . atKl know her further pleasure. Which they said they did, hoping to have found her (hen, upon more ripe deliberation, and debating of the matter with herself, more conformable. And in the mean time they forbare also to declare to her chaplains and household the charge they had received, But repairing to her Grace the said Wednesday, they did not only not find her conformable, but in further choler than she was before^ utterly forbidding them to make declaration of their said charge and commission to her chaplains and hounhold : adding. That where she ^nd her house-i hold were in quiet, if (hey would by any means disturb her and them, if any inconvenience did ensue thereof to her and theno, she would [attribute] it to the said Rochester, Englefield, and Waldegrave. Which thing considered, they thought it better to

. WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. . 230

mtura wiihoul doing their comimssion, and declare thia much t6 dieir Lordshi(^> without meddling any farther, than to proceed in the execution of their charge befc»re th^ had advertised their Lordships of the premisses.

*' The Lords having heard this much, comnoapded them to at- tend, until they should know furthtn* of their pleasure.

" The said Rochester, Englelield, and Waldegrave, brought with them letters from the Lady Mary's Grace to the King's Ma- jesty." Tnus far the Cotton manuscript, which is a transcript out of the Council-book.

1 find iur'.her, out of the Council-book, and the King's jouma}, that on August 23d, they attended again, and were severally, one by one, charged with uot obeying the King*s injunctions, as afore- said. And were strictly ordered, on their allegiance, and by the King's special command, to perform their cpmmission, wliich tliey all refused to do| and thereupon were commanded to attend the Council, till they were told their further pleasure.

After which the King sent the Lord Chancellor Rich, Sir An- thony Wingfield, and Sir William Petre, to execute the said ^commission. And Sir Edward Waldegrave, with his uncle Ro- pbestei, imd Englefield, were committed first to the Fleet, and ^eo'to^e Tower, as beforementiooed. And Sir Edward Wal^ dtgtgviamMngthQs closely con6ned, fell sick, and his wife, on SeptembeF 27th following, obtained leave to repair to him, and provide Jor the recovery of his health : but still continuing in the same condition, it was ordered on October 24lh, that he should be removed out of the Tower, by the Lieutenant, to some honest house, where he might be better looked to, for the curing of his quarlan ague; remaining still as a prisoner,, and to be fortb- ooming whensoever he should be called for. On March 18th fol- lowing, he, with the other two, obtained leave t* go to their own houses 5 and on April 2'^tb, they had licence to repair to the Lady Mary, on her request.

King Edward s death happening soon after. Sir Edward Wal- degravA was highly e^^tcemed by Queen Mary for bis sufierings ; who swore him of her Privy- Council, in the first year of her reign, ^ constituted him Master of the Great Wardrobe, and granted him the naanor of Chewton, in Somersetshire. He was elected one «of the KuighU for Wiltshire, to that Parliament which sat at'

< Pat. 1 Mir. « Witlls't Not. PifU p. 15 It 30.

f Ex Collfct. B. WUItH Arm.

340 PBERAOE OF ENGLAND.

Westminster, in October^ 1553, and bdd to December 5tb, and was then dissolved : also in that Paiiiament 9 summoned to meet at Oxford on April 2d, 1554, but adjourned to Westminster^ he was elected one of the Knights for Somersetshire : likewise waa chosen for the coonty of Essex, in the Parliament which met at Westminster January 20th, 1557> which held to the €tueen*s de- cease. He was made one of the Knights <^ the Carpet on Oc- tober 2d (the day after the Queen's coronation), by the Earl of Arundel I and on April 17th following, was appointed one of the Commissioners for the trial of Sir Nicholas Throgmorton, Knt charged with being privy to Wyat's rebellion. In 3 and 4 Hill, and Mar. he was one of the Commissioners of Enquiry into beresies, kc- and false rumours, &c. against their Ma>nties| and in 4 and 5 Phil, and Mar. he obtained a grant of ^ the manor of Hever-Cobbam, in the county of Kent, and of the office of Lieu- tenant of Waltham-forest. Also was constituted Chancdlor of the Duchy of Lancaster, on the death of his uncle, Sir Robert Ro^ Chester. Which Sir Robert Rochester,^ Knight of the Garter, Chancdlor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and Comptrdler of the household to Queen Mary, by his last will and testament, dated May 27th, 1557, reciting. That whereas he had a patent of John de Vere, Earl of Oxford, for the keeping of the Park of Laven* ham, and'the herbage of the same, as also the Bailywick of the town of Lavenham, in Essex, he bequeaths all his interest therein to his nephew. Sir Edward Waldgrave, Kot. he suffering his aister. Rice, to dwell in one part of the lodge of the said Park of Lavenham, and paying some small annuities to some of his ser- vants. He also bequeaths to his nephew, Robert Waldegrave; part of his wardrobe, and one of his geldings, and ten pounds yearly, out of hit park of Dodioghurst, during the time he had therein. And he constitutes the said Sir Edward Walgravc one bf his executors, to whom he bequeathed the residue of his goods and chattels, his funeral and debts duly contented, to be bestowed in deeds of charity for the hedth of his soul, and especially on the house of Sheen. The year following. Sir Edward being Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, was commissioned, witk other Privy Counsellors, to dispose of the church lands then vested in the Crown. But Queen Mary dying soon after, he was di- vested of hb emplojrments, and committed to the Tower hj

a Ex Collect. B.WUlit, Arm. ^ Pat. 4 and s Phil.. ft Mar.

1 El Rtf. Wells Not. 41. qu. 15.

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 24f

Queen Elizabeth, and there died on September lst» 1561/ but was buried at Borely^ in Essex. He married Frances, daughter of Sir Edward Nevil, Knt. ancestor to the present Earl of Aber- ga?enny, by whoin he had issue,

1. Charles, his son and heir.

And, 2. Nicholas Waldgrave, of Borelj, in £ssex> ancestor to those of the name there.

Also three daughters: Marj, married to John Lord Pctrej Magdalen, married to Sir John Southcote, of Wy tham, in Essex -, and Catharine, wife of Thomas Gawen, of Wilts, Esq.

CuAHLKS Waldgrarc, Esq. was of Staininghall, in Norfolk, and of Chewton, in Somersetshire. And having married Jero- nyma, daughter to Sir Henry Jcmingham, of Cossey-Hall, in Norfolk, Knt. Vicc-Chancdlor and Master of the Horse, and of the PriTy^Council to Quceo Mary, left issue Edward his son and hdr, and two daughters ; Prances, married to Henry Yaxley, of Bpwthrop, in Norfolk, Esq.5 and Magdalen, wife of Philip Parris, x>f Poding Norton, Esq.; she died ^^ January 25th, l650, and it buried at Lynton, in Cambridgeshire.

Which Edwakd served in Parliament for Sudbury, in Suffolk, in 27 Elix. and received the honour of Knighthood at Greenwich, on July 19th, 1607. And, though upwards of seventy years of age, at the breaking out of the civil wars, he loyally took up arms in defence of the royal party ; and having the command of a re« giment of horse, behaved so worthily, that his Majesty conferred on him the dignity of a Baronet, on August 1st, 1643. At the impounding of the Earl of Essex's army in Cornwal, anno 1644, he kept the pass of Saltash with his regiment 5 and being charged by the Parliament horse, who endeavoured to break through, he thrice rallied his men, though he himself was twice unhorsed^ and at length took forty prisoners. Soon after this he was sent to quarter at Bridport, in Dorsetshire, the King intending to block up the towns of Lyme and Taunton ; and during his stay there, a party of the enemy designed to surprise him in his quarters, but the vigilant old Colonel (as Sir Edward Walker writes, in liis History of the Progress of the King's Forces), instead of being taken, got between the rebels and home, and at Portsham, near Al)botsbnry, fell upon them, where some few were slain, forty , ' horse and a comet taken. A few days after, he joined the Earl of Cleveland and Sir Bernard Asteley^ who had orders to relieve

k Le NeTc*! Mont, Ai)(. Vol. If. p. 4.

VOL. ir. ' a

^t PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Portland Castle, then strtidy Ussieged; whidi they effected on October J 4th, l644. He continued steady in his loyiilty to th^ last, althoi^h he lost two of his sons, and suficrcd in his estate to the value of 50,0001. And so highly had he offended the Par- liament (by his loyalty and valiant deportment), that in the propositions presented to his Majesty at Hampton-Court, on Sep- tember 7th, 1647. he was among those persons nominated to b« removed from his Majesty*s councds, and to be rcsinined from coming within the verge of the coujrti also to be made incapaUe of bearing any employment.

This loyal gentleman married Eleanor,* daughter of Sir Tho- mas Lovel, of Harling, in Norfolk, Knt. and sister and heir to Sir Francis Lovel, and by her, who died on December 12th, 1(^04, bad issue, ,

Sir Henry Waldgrave, Bart, hia son and heir, who lies buried in the chancel of Cosscy church, in Norfolk, with this inscriptiofi on his ipouument :

Here Ueth the body of Sir Henry Ifaldgrave, of Skamng-hall, ' Baronet, Son and Heir to Sir Edward Waldgrave, Kt. and Bart, and EUnor Ins wtfe, Danghter to Sir Th»m€u LoveU, , of Harling. He married Anne Paston, Daughter of Edward Paston, ofAppleton, Esq. by whom he had VU Sons and IW Datighters. And secondly, he married CkUharine Bacon, Daughter of Richard Bacon, Gent, by whom he had six Song and six Daughters."^ He died the lOth ^ October 1668, o^ 60 Years.

His eldest son and heir. Sir Charles Waldgrave, Bart, mar- ried Helen, daughter of Sir Francb EnglefieU, of Engleficld, in Berkshire, Bart and had issue,

1. Henry, his son and heir, and also another son, viz.

2. Charles J and a daughter, Eleanor,

Which Sir Hekry Waldegrave succeeding htm> was created Baron Waldegravb, of Chewton, in Somersetshire, on January 20lh, l6d5-6. And in February the year following, was made Comptroller of the King's household; also on August lllh, ids?,

I Blomefield*s Norfolk, Vol. I. p. 22a. n One of the daughters, Catherine, wai wife to Sir Isaac Gibton, 0/ Coombe, CO. Warw. Km. and had issue Will'.am Gibson, of Wclford, co. Northamp, Esq. in fight of his wife, Frances, daughter and heir of William Saunders, Escj. of V/elfoid aforesaid. C 14-^7. m Bn. Cell,

WALDEORAVE EARL WAtDEftRAVE. ^W3

eonstitated Lord Lientttnant of the county of Salop : but on the Jlevdudon retiring inU) France^ be died at IVuisy anno l6sg. Hit Lordship oarried Henrietta, natural daughter of James 11. bj Mn. Arabella ChuithiU, sister to John duke of Marlborough| Md l^ her, who died April 3d, 1730, had two sons; James, cteated Earl Wa]degrave5 and Henry, who died unmanied} also a daogbter, Arabella, a nun.

JambSj first Earl Waldiobatb, havibg qualified himself by entering into the communion of the church of England, took the oaths and hift Beat in the house of Peers, on February 12tb, 1721-2. The following accounts of this nobleman being collected from the Gaaettes, may be depended upon as authentic. On Sep- tember Ist, 1725, his Lordship set out for the French cotirt, being charged with bis Majesty's and bis Royal Highness the Prince of Wales's compliments to the French King, on his mar- riage. On May 26tb, 1727, he was appointed Ambassador £x-. traordiaary and Plenipotentiary to the Emperor of Germany, and two days after set out for that court by the way of France j and during his stay at Paris, receiving advice of Greorge L*s decease, arrived from Paris at Strasburgh oa the 12th of the next month, NS. On April IStb, he arrived at Ulm, and received the com- pliments of the magistrates of that town -, from thence he pro- ceeded down the Danube for Vienna, where he arrived on the 26cb, N. S. On the 29th he had an audience of his Imperial Majesty, at Luxembourgh ; and the preliminary articles for peace were reciprocally exchanged and ratified. He left that cour^ June 7th, 1730, and, by way of France, came to England. - Coxe, in his Memoirs of Sir Robert Walpole, gives the follow- ing high character of him: *' He was born in 1684, and educated in the Roman Catholic religion. In 1722, he entered into the eommonion of the church of England, and took bis seat in the House of Peers. When it was thought necessary to send an am- basaador to Vienna, for the purpose of executing the articles agreed on in the preliminaries signed between England, France, ttud the Emperor, at Paris, and of conciliating the Emperor, who had been dissatisfied with the King of England, Lord Walde^ grave was selected as the person whose mild and affable demeanonr best qualified him for that negociation. He fiHed this difficult employment ten years, during a period in which the disunion between Prance and England was gradually increasing into an open rupture. For his services at Vienna, be was created Fis' count Chewiorij and Earl Waldbob^ve, September I3th| 1729;

244 VEERkGE OF ENGLAND.

and his ezertioos at Paris were rewarded with the Grarter. la 1740^ he obtained leave to return, for the recovery of hh health. He embarked for England^ October 1740, and died at his seat at 'Navestock, in Essex, April 11th, J 741, set. 57. He was in high confidence with Sir Robert Walpole, and was the foreign ambas- sador, in whom the minister, next to his brother, principally con- fided. He conducted himself, in his embassies, with consummate address; and particularly distinguished himself by obtaining secret information, in times of emergency. His letters do honour to his diplomatic talents; and prove sound sense, an insinuating address, and elegant manners."''

His Lordship married, in the year 1714, Mary, second daugh* ter of Sir John Webbe, of Hatherop, in Gloucestershire, Bart. and, by her (who died in child-^bed, Januaxy 22d, 1718-I9), had three sons and a daughter.

1. James, second Earl Waldegrave.

2. John Waldegrave, born at Ghent, in Flanders, on January ]7th, I7l5;l6, and died the same day.

3. John, third Earl Waldegrave.

Lady Henrietta, his Lordship*s daughter, was bom January 2d, 1716-17, married on July 7th, 1734, to the honourable Edward Herbert, Esq. (only brother to the late Marquis of Powis), and died May 3 1st, 1753. I

Jambs, second Earl Waldbgrave^ was bom on March 4th, 1714-15, succeeded his father on April 11th, 1741, in titles and estate, and on December l6lh, 1743, was appointed one of tho Lords of his Majesty's Bed-chamber. Having been present at Cambridge, at the instalment of his Grace the Duke of New- castle, Chancellor of that University, he was, on July 3d, 1749^ admitted to the degree of Doctor of Laws. On April 274h, 1751^ his Lordship bad a grant of the offices of Steward of the Duchy of Cornwall, and of the borough and manor of Bradninch, in Devonshire, and Steward of all the castles, manors, and lands, within the counties of Cornwall and Devon, parcel of the said Duchy; and of Warden and Steward of the Stannaries, and of the Stannary courts; and Master and Rider of the forest and chace of Dartmore, parcel of the said duchy. December 18tb, 1 7^2, his Majesty was pleased to appoint his Lordship Governor to the present King, then Prince of Wales, as also to his Royal fligbncss Prince Edward, Duke of York, and Privy -pvirselo their

/ » Qow's Sir R, Walpol«> It 347-

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 245

Royal Highnesses} and thereupon he resigned his place of Lord of , the Bed-chamber. On the 20th of the same mootb^ he was sworn of his Maje6ty*8 most honourable Privy Council^ and took hit place at that board.

On August 30th, 17^7i his Lordship was installed Knight of the Garter $ and the same year was appointed a Teller of the Ex* chequer (a place for life). At the accession of his present Ma- jesty^ his Lordship was continued one of the Members of the Privy-Council) and on March 7ih, 17^1, had a renewal of hit grant of Steward of the duchy of Cornwall, bcc, and Warden and Steward of the Stannaries^ &c. all which offices he enjoyed till he died of the small-pox, April 8th, 1763, being then also Fellow of the Royal Society, and was buried at Navestock, where a mona- ooent is erected to the memory of hiffiself and father^ on which is the following inscription :

Underneath this monument are the remains of the two first Earls Waldegrave^ father and son, both of the name qf Jam^, loth ser* vants of that excellent Prince George the second, both by' him created Knights of the most noble order of the Garter.

James, the father, was employed in foreign embassies to the courts of Fienna and Versailles, by George the first, and by George ike second; and he did his court and country honour and service, and was respected wherever his negociations made him known. In kis private capacity, the affability and benevolence of his disposi^ tkm, and the goodness of his understanding y made him beloved and esteemed throughout his Rfe.

The antiquity of his illustrious and noble family, is equal tj that of most that may be named in any country or time, and needs not to be here recited.

He died of the dropsy and jaundice on the 1 1/A of April, 1746, aged 57. '

His eldest son, James, before mentioned, and interred within this vault, died of the small-pox on April 2Qth, 1763, aged 48 j (hese were his years in number, what they were in wisdom hardly hehngs to time. The universal respect paid to him while he lived, and the universal lamentation at his death, are ample testimonies rfa character not easily to be parcUlelled. He was for many years the chosen friend and favourite of a King, who was a judge of men; yet never that King's minister, though a man of business, knowledge, and learning, beyond most of his cotemporaries $ but , ambition visited him not, and contentment filled his hours. Ap*

246 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

pealed to for his ariUratian ly various contending parties in tint $tate, upon the highest diffisrences, his judgment always tempered their dissensions, while his own principles, which were the freer dom of the people and the maintenance of the laws, remained stsadfast and unshaken, and his irifluence unimpaired, though ex^ ercised through a long series of struggles that served as a foil t9 disinterested virtue; the constancy and firmness of Jus mind were proof against every trial hut the distresses of mankind; master of a powerful and delicate wit, he had a ready conception, and as quick as any man that ever lived; and never lost his wisdom im his wit, nor his coolness by provocation. He smiled at things that drove other men to anger. He was a stranger to resentment, nof to if{juries; those feared him most that loved him, yet he was re- vered hy all; for he was as true a friend as ever bore that name, and as generous an enemy as ever bad man tried.

He wedded, on May 15th, 17^> Maria, second daughter of 8tr Edward Walpole, Knight of the Bath, and second son to Ror bert first Earl of Orford; and hj her had three daughters; Lady Elizabeth-Laura, bom on March 24th, 17^, married, 5th May, 17B2, Lord Chewton, afterwards fourth Earl WaldcgraTc,

Lady Charlotte-Maria, born October 11th, 1761^ married. No* vember l5th, 1784, the present Earl of Euston, and died in 1806.

And Lady Anna Horatia, bom on November Sth, 1762, mar- ried, April 2d, 17S6, the late Admiral Lord Hugh Seymoco', who died S<^ember 1 1 tb, 1801. She died July 12tb, 1801.

The Countess their mother, was afterwards married to his Royal Highness William Heniy late Duke of Gloucester; and deceased August 2dd, I8O7.

His Lordship departing this life without male issue, was sac* ceedad by his only surviving brother,

JoHW, THIRD Eabl Waldegrave, who was bom on April 28th, 1/18, and chusing a military life, was, in December 1737, appointed a Lieutenant in the first regiment of Foot Guards* From that he was removed to the third regiment of Foot Guards, in which, on July 12th, 1743« he was constituted Captain Lieu* tenaAt ; also, on September 13th^ Captain of a conopany, and on February 23th, 17^7 8^ was promoted to be a Major thereto, with the rank of Colonel. On January 26th, 1750-1, he got the oom« mand of the ninth regiment of Foot, whidi he kept till he was made Colonel of the second, or Queens regiment of Dragooii Goardf^oa September lOtb, 1759, being then in Germany, under

,j

WALDEGEAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 217

Pdoce Ferdiotnd of Branswick, to whom hts Lordship was the principal supporter in the procession on October 17th, that year, mbctt his Highness bad the honour to be invested with the habit aBd ensigns of the most noble Order of the Garter. His Lord- ship was promoted to the rank of Major-General on Februarjr 10th, 1757* «od to that of Lieutenant-General on April lOtb, 17^- His Lordship was, in March, 176O, appointed Goyemot of PljrmoQth. He was Member for Orford, in the Parliament summoned in 1747, in the two next for Newcastle-under-Une ; and was one of the Grooms of the Bed-chamber to his Majesty, till he succeeded to the Peerage. His Lordship was General of his Majesty's Forces, Colonel of the second Regiment of Foot Guards, and Master of the Horse to her Majesty. He died Oc- tober 22d, 1784.

His Lordship, in 1751, married Lady Elizabeth, fiAh daughter of John Earl Gower; and by her, who die J April 28th, 1784, bad three sons,

!• George, fourth Earl, born November 22d, 1751,

3. William, born July pth, 1753, an Admiral of the White, created Baron Radstock, of Ireland, December 27th, ISQO, mar- ried at Smyrna, 1785, Cornelia, second daughter of David Van Lennep, Esq. chief of the Dutch Factory there } and has two ions, and sis daughters.

And John, born November 27th, 1 756.

Also five daughters ; viz. Ladies Elizabeth and Amelia (twins), born May 26th, 1758; both died June 1768. Lady Frances, bom at Woobum-abbey^ in Bedfordshire, October 6th, 1751, and^ied May 28th, 1766, and was buried at Navestock with her sister Anodia. Lady Elizabeth, married, April 28th, 179l> the present Earl of Cardigan. Lady Frances, born March ist, 1765.

George, eldest son, succeeded as'FouRTH Earl Waldeobavb* He was bom November 22d, 1/51, and in early life Uras a Cap-* tain in the third regiment of Foot Guards. He married, May 5th, 1782, his cousin. Lady Elizabeth-Laura Waldegrare, daugh. ter of his uncle, James, second Earl} and died October 17tb, 1769* St. 33, leaving issue,

1. George, fifth Earl.

2. John James, present Eari.

3. Edward William, a Lieutenant in the seventh regiment of Dragoons, lost in a transport off Falmouth, on his return from

. Spain, January I8Q9.

" Among the many officers who, during the late expedition to

248. PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

Spain, have died m their country's service, either from woonds, fatigue, or 'shipwreck, few have been more sincerely, or more deservedly lamented than the Hon. Edward Waldegrave, of the seventh Light Dragoons. How he was bdoved, the deep regret of the whole regiment best can testify; and how highly he was esteemed by his superiors, as a young Officer of much promise, the following fact sufficiently evinces. He was selected by Lord Paget to convey a dispatch from Astorga to Sir John Moore, at Salamanca, a distance of an hundred and forty miles, at a mo- ment when it was thought all communication was cut off between the two armies. This difficult and dangerous service he per- formed with equal zeal, activity, and address. After passing three nights and two days on horse-back, without rest, he re* turned safe with his answer to bead quarters, at Astorga ; on thia the cavalry immediately advanced, and performed a junction with Sir John Moore."

4. I^dy Maria p married Nathaniel Mifklethway te, Esq. and died March 30th, 1805. .

Gboroe succeeded his father as fifth Earl. He was born June 12th, 1/84, and was unfortunately drowned in the Thames, near Eton, June 29th, 1794* He was succeeded by his next brother, John James, present and sixth Earl Waldegrave, bom July 30th, 1735, a Major in the Armyj and Major of the 72d £egi-. ment of Foot.

Tides. John James Waldegrave, Earl Waldegrave, Viscount Che^ton, Baron Waldegrave, and Baronet.

Creations, Baronet, August 1st, 1643, I9 Car. I. : Baroa Waldegrave, of Chewton, in com. Somers. by letters patent, January 20th, 1685-6, 1 Jac. XL; Viscount Chewton, and Earl Waldegrave, in com. Northamp. September 1 3th, 1729, 3 George II. #

Arms. Party per pale. Argent and Cults.

Crest, In a ducal coronet. Or, a plume of five ostrich feathers, party per pale. Argent and Gules.

Supporters, Two Talbots, Sable, eared Or, and each gorged with a raural coronet, Argent, masoned Sable.

AfaUo, Calum non Avimum. ^ ChieJ Seats: At Navestoke, in the county of Essex.

^ P Two daughters idicd young.

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBU|tNHAM. 349

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM.

Tars family, denominated from the town of Asbbarnham, an- ciently wrote Esseburnham, in the Rape of Hastings, in the county of Sussex, is, as Fuller in his Worthies writes, a family of stupendous antiquity, a family wherein the eminence hath equal- led the antiquity, having been Barons temp. Henry III.

Bertram dc Esburnham, son of Anchitel, son of Pibrs, Lord of Esbumham, was Sheriff of the counties of Surrey, Sus- sex, tidd Kent, and Constable of Dover Castle, in the reign of King Harold; which castle he defended against William the Conqueror, wherefore William, on his accession to the crown of England, caused his head to be struck off, together with the heads of his sons, Philip and Michael de Esbumham. Francis Thytin, Esq in 1586, collected a catalogue of the Lord Wardens of the Cinque Ports, and Cotistables of Dover Castle, from the time of William the Conqueror; and makes this mention of the an- cestor of this family :* " Bertram Ashbumham, a Baron of Kent, was Constable of Dover Castle in the year of Christ 1066, being (as is said), the first and last year of King Harold; which Bertram was beheaded by William the Conqueror, after that he obtained the crown, because he did so valiantly defend the same against the Duke of Normandy." ^ Philip de Esbumham left issue,

Rboimalo, whose son,

Stephen de Esbumham, confirms to the church of St. Martin of Battel, and to the Monks there serving God, for the health of his sou], and the souls of his ancestors and successors, the gift

* Cascrationiof HoUii)gshed*sChronic!ei foi. 1517*

250 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

which Reginald de Etburnham,^ his father, gare for ever, in pare and free alms; viz. all that laod which they had in Hou, called Chelilaud, with the laod which he gave in Denne, with two salt- works in th^ marsh belonging to the said land, with all other ap- purtenances in woody in plain, and in marah^ to hold for ever ia pare alms.

To this Stqphen succeeded Sir John de Essebumham, whose son,

Sir Richard de Essebamham, Knt. married Margaret, daagh- ter of Sir John Maltravers, Knt and had issue,

Richard, who was also a Knight, and lived in King John's reign 5 and in the reign of Henry HI. held two Knights fccs« of Anne CountesB of Ewe (wife of Ralph de Isondon, son of Geflrjr , Luzigoan Earl of Aquitain), as of the honour of Hastings. He married Catharine, daughter of Sir Richard Peverell, Knt. by whom he had issue,

Bartholomew, and Hammond; the first of which was a Knight, and held*' in 38 Henry III. 201. per ann. land of the King in chief, and thereupon was summoned to be at London in Easter, with horse and arms, from thence to march to Ports- mouth, in order to be transported into Gascony, in the King*s service, to oppose the King of Castile, who had committed hosti- lities in those parts.

Hammond, his brother, who was also a Knight, married Maud, daughter of Thomas Elton, of Elton, in com. Suss, and had issue.

Sir Richard Esbumham, who by Isabel, daughter of Sir Tho- mas Morville, had issue,

RoGRR Esburnham ; and

Sir John Esburnham, Knt. who, in 25 Edward I.^ was sum« moiied to attend the King at London, on the Sunday after the Octave of St. John Baptist, with horse and arms, to go with him beyond the seas, for his own honour, and the profit of the realm. He married Joan, daughter of Richard Covert^ of Sullington, in com. Suss, and had issue,

John, his son and heir, who married Maud, daughter of ' h\cy, of Sundridge, in Kent,. and had issue a son,

John Ashbumham,^ who was Sheriff* of the counties of Surrey

k Lib. Nig. Scacc. « MS. in Bibl. Cotton. Julius, C. 7.

<• MS. in Bibl. Cotton. Cbudius, C. 2. « Ibid.

f There was, according to Harrises History of Rent, one Roger Ashbumkam, who, in (ht »t of Richard !!.*• rei^ (which commenced on June 21st, 1377,

ASHBURNHAM EARL i^SOURNHAM. , Q61

and Sosaex, in 3 Henry rV.$ and in 3 Henry V. wtta appointed one of the CoramiMicmeci of array in the oonnty o[ Soisex. This John, by £iixabeth hb wife^ daughter of •— Ftnch^ Lad iiaue^

Thomas AshbnmhaoH Esq. who, in the 12th year of King Henry VI. was one of those of prime quality in the county of Sussex, that made oath fer the observance of the laws then made, for himadf and retainers. He married Sarah, daughter and heir of Heory Wauncy, lineally descended from Sir Nicholas de Wanocy* Sheriff of Smrey and Sussex, in 34 Henry III. Hit isnie by her were IJafM sons.

1 . John Ashbumbam, of Ashburnham, Esq,

2. Richard Ashburnham, second son, who married —*"-«- daugfa« ter and heir to i Stoneling, of Sloneling, in Sussex, and was ancestor to the Baronets of that name ; of whom, the laat died Bishop of Chisiiester.

3. Thomas A«hbumham, diird son, waa seated at Gesseling, in < Sussex, as appears by his & will, dated April I2tb, 1523, wben^by he orders his body to be buried before the image of our Lady in the parish ch«rch of GesseKng. He mentions Elizabeth hit wi£b, EUeo and Anne, his daughters; and entails his lands in Kent and Sussex, on Thomas, his son, and in default of issue, on Wil- liam A^bumham^ of Athburnham, Esq. son of John Ashbum* bam, bis brother.

Which JoBV (eldest brother to the said Thomas and Richard

A^bumham), had to wife Elizabeth, daughter of Peckham,

and died in 1491, as the probate of his last will shews. He or- ders his body to be buried in the chapel of St. James of Ashbuni- ham, and Idft issue,

WicLiAM Ashbumham, Esq. who married Anne, daughter of Henry Hawley, of Ore, in Sussex, and bad issue a daughter, Anne, first married to William Apsley ; and, secondiy, to Richard Co- Tett, of Slangham, Esq.; also,

wai a Contemtor of the Peace in Sussex, tnd owner of Seotney, in Lambertiurat, wUch IS partly in Kent and Sussex. This Roger seens to have been of this fa* Biily of AskburnbaiD, and be, or one of bit predecessors, probably at first pos« t'ssed that estate in right of an heiress of the Scotneys, especially as he was at the same time owner of Scotney, in Lydd, in Kent, which also belonged to the \ lame family of Scotney. These two esuces remained in the heirs of the said Rr>ger, tin one of then told them to Henry Chichely, who was Archbishop of Canterbury from 14x4 to I443«

C Ex Rcgist. Bodficld, qu. i3.

Oil P££RAG£ OF ENGLAND.

JoHw Ashbarnbain, Esq. his son and heir, who tnanied Lora^ daughter and coheir of Thomas Betklej, of Aram, io com, Southamp. Esq. bj whom he had issue three daughters.

i. Anne, wife of John Bolney, of fiolnej; and, secondly, to Thomas Culpeper, of Wakekurst, both in Sussex, Esq. 2. Jane, wife of Oliver Denham. And, 3. Alice, wife of John Daniel, of Essex, Esq.

Also a son of his own name, John, who senred^ in pariiament for Sussex, 1 & 2 of Philip and Mary ^ and marrying Isabel, daughter of John SackTille, Esq. ancestor to hu Grace the Duke of Dorset, had by her (who after his death married Edwaid Tir« rel. Esq .) three sons.

1. John.

2. Thomas. And,

3. William.

And as many daughters: Eleanor; Anne^ married to Thomas Penderton, of Sufiblk $ and Margaret, wife of *-— Jones, of the county of Monmouth, Esq.

John, the eldest son of John Ashbumham and Isabel Sack* . yille, writing himself of Ashbumham, Esq. makes his ^ will April 10th, 1563, and died soon after; for the probate bears date May 18th following. He bequeaths to Isabel his wife, all such goods, plate, &c.. remaining in his lodge at Ashbumhadi, or at London, with all her apparel, jewels. &c. as also 2001. on condi- tbn she discharges his son John Ashbumham of 1001. owing to Sir Richard Sackvil, which she had of John Sackvil, of Withiam, Esq. her father. He wills his manors of Ashbumham, Pensbome, and Wilsham, with such other lands as Ninian Burrel^ holds by knight*s service, to be divided in three parts ; one whereof to the dse of the Lords of the fee, till John Ashbumham, his son and beir, comes to the ag^ of twenty-one years i and the other two parts, with all his other lands, &c. in England, and the residue of his goods, plate, money, &c. to his said son, whom, with Isabel his wife, he constitutes his executors.

The said Johv Ashbumham, Esq. married Mary, daughter, to George^ Fane, of Badsel, in the county of Kent, Esq. grand* father of Francis fint Earl of Westmorland, by whom he had five sons.

1. John, his son and heir.

2. Thomas. 3. William. 4. George. And, 5 Walterj which four last died without issue.

^ £s Refiit. Chayre, qu. 9o. < Ancestor of Lord Cwyder.

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 253

Also two daoghterat Marj^ wife of George Wentworth; of West-BrettoQ, in com. Ebor. (from whence^ in a lineal decent, ^vas Sir WilKam Wentworth^ of Bretton, Bart) ; and Catharine^ "married to George Aldwick, of Yorkshire^ Esq.

He ^ died oo October 14th> 1591^ as recited by inquisition taken ftt Horsham, in Sussex, December I5thv 1^00, which sets forth, that he died possessed of the manor of Ashbnmham, with diviers lands and tenements called Pembome, alias Hunt quondam Sbojs- wtU, in Walbletoo, Boxtop, and Asbbumham ; also landtf and tenements called Megham, iilias Wilsham, in Walbleton, all in the coontj of Sussex, and that John was his son and heir^ aged twenty years, ten months, and thi/teen days^ at his fiither*s death.

Which John receired the honour of knighthood at the Tower, March 15th, 1(604;" and departing this life in 162O, was buried in St. Andrew's church, in Holbom, where a monument was erected to his memoiy with this inscription, reciting his marriage and issue:

AnHqua Siemnutte noHlis, avitis sms vtrhUibus clariar, kicjacei Johannes Asbbumham, nuper de Ashbumbam, mUes qui otiii in fislo Sancti Petri, 1620. jEtatis 4Q. Reliciis ex conjuge cka- rissimis Johanne> Gulielmo, EUzabetha; Frandsca^ Anna, V Ca- therina.

Domina Elis. Asbbumham Fidua F. Thoraae Beaumont de Staughton in com. Leicestr. MUii, hoc amori V officio consuleM, wuritissimo viro luguhris posuii 1621.

Of the said daughters, mentioned in the above inscription, Elizabeth was married to Sir Frederick Corawallis, Knt. and Bart, afterwards created Lord Cornwallis, from whom the present Mar* quis is descended $ Frances, to Frederick Turvile, Esq. } Anne, to Sir Edward Dering, Bart. } Catharine died unmarried. They had also a daughter, * Mary, who died November 25th^ I619, and was buried at St. Botolph*s, Aldersgate.

The Lady Elizabeth, widow of the said Sir John Asbbumham, was ereated Baroness of Cramond, iji Scotland, by King Charles I. with intail of that honour on the issue of Sir Thomas Richardson, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, her second husband.

1 Cole's Esc. Lib. 5. n. 64. A. 16. p. 392. in BibJ. Harley.

^ Necc^iuted to 8?)1 hit estiteg by engagements Tor friends. S:e PosUa,

' Seymour*) Survey of Loodon^ Vol. I. p. 623.

t54 BEE&AGE OF BNOLiktID.

Of Joha^ the ddeft ton, I iImII heraafter.tfeaL William ksuBummuAU, the accood iOD» acnred la \m youth in the aervkc of the Statet-Geoeral aguoit the Spaoianlt in the Netheriands; and being an exceUent aoJdier, had a priacipal Mdunaod Id that armj raised by King Charles/ to march against ihe Soots. He was member in tiie two parisameats smomooed hi 1640, and in the latter was examined on oath, whether he haew any thiog of that plot chaiged on the officers of tlie arraf » lor petitioniog the King, &c. which he denied j nevertheleaa, the parliament voted, that be should receire do pay. Standing thus in great umbrage with the parliament (by whom he was ia the sequel expelled, with other loyal members), and the King's affairs not yet permittiog him to make use of his service, he, t» avoid the clamour that was raised against him, embarked on board a small fly-boat for Holland, with some other officers, who reasoved on the same account. They had not been long at sea» before tbey nset with one of his Majesty *s ships, bringing; ammu* nition to bis assistance : on which it was agreed, that Mr. Ash- burnham and the Lord Digby should proceed on their voyage, and the others should return with the ammunition ^ but whilst this was Imitating, the parliament squadron came op, aod though the ship escaped, yet the %-boat was taken, aod carried into Hall ; where he was taken with the Lord Digby, who concealed himself under the disguise of a Frenchman, till he found a con- venient opportunity to reveal himself to the Governor, Sir John Hotham, whom he prevailed with to espouse his Majesty's inte- rest, and to surrender Hull i which design being at length rea* dered fruitless. Colonel Ashbumham, and the Lord Digby, were dismissed by the Governor, and was the principal cause (as Lord Clarendon writes), of the loss of Sir John's head.

Mr. Ashbumham came to his Majesty about the time he set up his standard at Nottingham (which was on August 22d, 1642) and entered on action with the first, repairing to the Marquis of Hertford at Sherbom 5 ivhere, with a small force, having kept that castle several weeks, without being incommoded by the Earl of Bedford, who watched them with a much greater army, they marched from thence to Minehead, and there the Marquis^ with some other gentlemen, transported themselves into Wales, leaving this Colonel Ashbumham, with Sir Ralph Hopton, and others, to inarch into Comwal. There they raised forpes with such activity, that in a small lime they made themselves masters of the West : aad having performed very considerable services, joined Prince

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. H5S

Maurice at Chard, in Sonieraetshtre, aboat the middle of June t649, with an army of 3000 foot, dOO hone, and 300 dragoons, oi which Colonel Aahbamham had been Major-General.

He was soon after made Gorcmor of Weymouth, on the opi- DiOD of his courage and de&terity (as the Earl of Clarendon writes) >» and to make way for him, Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper was removed from that coimnand. He was made Cdonel-General of the county of Dorset 5 and in the year l644, having received express orders from Prince Maurice, to quit all places that he coooeiyed not tenable in case an army should advance into those part8» he, about June 14th, on the Earl of Essex's marching to- wards Mm, quitted Weymouth, and retired to Portland Castle, where he endured a siege of about four months, with great pa*- tience and res(^uti(»i, suffering both by the want of men and provisions, until he was relieved by the Earl of Cleveland, and Sir Walter Hastings appointed Governor in his room. However^ beiag censored for quitting of Weymouth, he, at his own re* quest, had a public hearing before his Majesty and the CoundJ^ to whom he so fully stated the matter of fact (as Sir Edward Walker writes in his History of the Progress of the King's Forces) ntd the impossibility of keeping that place, in case an army did attempt it, together with his reasons f(X retiring to Portland, and how he disposed of his Majesty's arms and ammunition, as that in the opinion of all there, he was cleared from any crime or neglect.

After the Restoration, he was made Cofierer to Charles II. and dying without issue in December, iGjg, was buried in the church of Ashbumham, in Sussex, where a noble monument of white marble is erected to his memory, with his effigies in a Roman dress, and the effigies of his Lady, in white marble, reposing her right arm on a cushion, an angel holding a wreath on her headj and in a compartment of white marble is this inscription > '

Undtr this Tomh fvix, in thi Fault fir this Family), lie the Books of Jane Countess of Marlborough, and IVilliam Ask'- humham her husband, second Son of Sir John Ashbumham. She was Daughter to John Lord Butler, of Hertfordshire ; she was married, first, to James Earl of Marlborough, Lord high Treasurer of England, who, after seven years, died, and left her a young, beautiful, and rich widow. When this

« Hist, of Rebellion, 8to. Vol. HI. p. 49I.

296 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

WURamcomwgfnmheyfmdSea,wkerehewashTedaS%l^ married her, and qfter^Hved almost Jive and forty Years most kappify with her. She was a very great Lover, and (through God's Mercy), a great Blessing to this Family, which is hoped will ever remember it with honouring her Armory. This JFilMam jishhtmham, her Hutband, lived after her to cl great Age, and gloried in nothing in this World, but this his iFife, and the' almost unparalleled Love and entire FHend^ ship, that for above 50 Years was between his dear elder Bro-' ther, John Ashbumham, and himself. He was Cofferer tm King Charles the First, and King Charles the Second: he died without Issue, and, by God's Blessing, was a happy Preserver of his Brother's Posterity,

The Praise and dory of it be to God alone.

JoHW Ashbornbam (eldest son and heir of Sir John, iOd Inx>- ther to William Ashbnmham last mentioned), was one of the grooms of the Bedchamber to Charles I. and in l640, yiras iclected to parliament for the port of Hastings. He attended on his Ma- jesty throughout that unnatural rebellion against him > and bis behaviour was so satisfactory, that the King had an entire confi* dence in him, and was pleased to nominate him, in l644, one of his Commissioners for the treaty at Uxbridge. Also^ in 1645, the ELing desired of the Parliament, that a safe-conduct might be granted to the Duke of Richmond, tlie Earl of Southampton, Mr. John Ashbumham, and Mr. Jeffery Palmer> to come to West- minster, with his propositions for peace. And he was also one. his Majesty declared he was willing to commit the militia to, for such time, and with such power, t^ expressed by his Commis- sioners at Uxbridge.

On April 27th, 1646, when his Majesty thought proper to leave 0«ford, Mr. Ashbumham was the only servant that attended him ', and, inde^, the ovXy person, except a clergyman. Dr. Hudson, who served as a guide. Afterwards, when the King was in the hands of the Scots army, he transported himself to France, - with 4)is Majesty's approbation, the Scots threatening to deliver him to the Parliament ; and h^d forbid him his Majesty's pre- sence. But when he heard the King was in the hands of the English army, and that there was not the same restraint as for- merly, he resolved to make an adventure to wait on him \ and having, by some iiiends, a recommendation, both to Cromwell and Ireton (who knew the credit he had with the King, and that

1

ASHBUngHAB KARL ASHfiURNHAM. %5f

hk HajMj wookl be Very wM pMmd to hsve lii$ auaidtop^ md look on it at ^ teitl&oiiy of tjietr raipect to bkn), he was IibI^ •t Ubectjr to repair to the King, and was very wtslcome to biit Majesty. He^ and Sir /obn Berkeley, who came froaa France at* the tame tiine, were the two prioci]^ agents for coDferriog bpth^ with his Msfctty's fnendsi and with the officers of the anny^ at- often as they desired. But the army harixig got the sole power^ tad tabdoMall opposition from the parliament, as wdl as the dty, thef hegan not only to be less regardful of these his Ma- jesty's agents, bot eren of the King himself j who therefore re« solved to make hirescape« Mr. Ashbnmham was chiefly confided tm; and he and Sir John Berkeley hairing passes sent them to go beyond the seas, contrived means for his Majesty's escape from Hampton-Conrt, which was effected on November llth, 1647} and having conducted the King to the iea-coast, thej were sent lo treat with Colonel Hadimond, governor of the Isle of Wight, to take the King into his protection, which he seemed to comply with { but by a fatal mistake of this man's honour, that unhappy Mnoe was delivered into the hands of the army : this occasioned

suspicion of Mr. Ashbumham's, at wdl as Bcrkdey's fidelity | but it chiefly lay mn the fc^tner, because, as Lord Clarendon Writes, it was inferred, fae was known to have ui great an influ* ence on his Majesty's councils and resolutions, that he could not be ignorant of any thing that moved him.

Yet Lord Clarendon, who discourses largely of this afiair, suf*» ficiently clears Mr. Ashbumham from the imputation laid to his charge, say!ng, " That he preserved his reputation and credit with the most eminent of the King's party ; and his remaining in England after the death of the King, which his enemies charged as an aggravation of suspicion against him, wafe upon the mar*- riage of a ladv, by whom, he had a great fortune, and many con* vcniencies, which would have bern seized by his leaving the kingdom: and he did send over to King Charles II. and had leave to stay there, and 8ometime5 supplied the King with considerable sums of roon^y. Aftei'wards he was committed to the Tower by Cromwdl, where he remained till his death} and the King was known, to the last, to have had a. cleat opinion of his affection and integrity; and when King Charles II returned, most of those of the greatest reputation, as the Marquis of Hertford, and the Earl of Southampton, gave him a good testimony.

** iTpon the whole (says the sanae historian), it is probable that Cromwdl, who, many years after, committed him to the Tower,

?OL.|V. I

108 PEERAjGE of ENGLAND.

gskd did hate hun» and detired to lunre tdren kis'Ufe, would have been glad to have blasted hit repotatioo, by dedariog^ that hs- had carried his master to the Isle of Wight withoQt his priVitj, meidy upon his own presamption. Besides^ he was a penoo of unblemished honour and veracity; and had not any temptatioo, and never gave any cause in the subsequent ^ictiooe of his life to have his fidelity suspected."

In a manuscript I have seen, wrote by this Mr. Ashbumhaai, in his own vindication, he thus expresses himself: ' And though for no other motive, yet for this, that my own posterity may know I have not stupidly, through silence, passed by the beayy censures upon me, there shall be (for their information), this £iiihful discourse extant, to settle their judgments of my integrity to his Majesty, and prevent the irreverence which otherwise may perhaps not only be paid by them to my memory, but give them cause (taking loose reports for granted truths), to loath them- selves, for being branches of so unworthy and wicked a stock.

If men would but as well consider the painful and vexatioos part imposed on me, during all the wars, as. they look upon the privileges I enjoyed, by my near relation to his Majesty's service, they would find more cause to pity me for my labours^ than to envy mc for the honour or profit of my employments : for, from the time bis Majesty went last from London, to the lime he left Oxford to go to the Scots army, I will confidently affirm, I lived as painful, and as servile a lifo, as any (whoever be was), of the meanest degree. But I hope that an unhappy fate, which hatk hitherto followed me, will at least leave me in this, so that 1 may not be understood to repine at the hardships of my duty. Had the travel of my body or mind been much more beset with toils and difficulties, I should (with the same chearfulness), have waded through all, when in the least nseasure there had been question of pursuing his Majesty's interest. It is not part of my intentions to adventure upon the history of the unfortunate divir aions between his Majesty and the two bouses of Parliament* my business being only to deliver so much as my duty was particu- larly concerned in, when his Majesty was pleased to remove from Oxford to the Scots army ; and from Hampton Court to the Isle of Wight ; and not to trouble myself or others with more than what is pertinent to the suppressing those false and hornd asper- sions cast upon my fidelity in both these actions, wherein I shall be careful that nothing shall fall from rao, the truth whereof | will not be ready at all times to justify with my life.

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 25g

. < To wave therefore all t&iogs that paised betweto his Majestj, the two houses of Fbrlianaent, and their armies^ till the month of Jipril 1646, I bdd it fit to give the state of things : that when Ilia Majesty's forces were reduced to the last period (which I take to be the time that Oxford was besieged)^ it was judged neces. •ary, by all considering men, that his sacred person should not be liable to the success of an assault (for conditions or treaties seemed vain to be expected where the King was), but that some expedient should be found by an escape from thence to save his life, though nothing could be thought on in order to his flight, that, in point of danger, kept not equal pace with the hazard of his stay. Notwithstandbg it was then first debated (as the King was pleased to tell me), whether it were not better for his Ma* }GBty to stay, than leave Oxford, &c."

After the Restoration, he was restored to his former post of Groom of the Bed*chamber, and was elected one of the Knights of the Shire for Sussex, to that parliament which met at West- minster, anno ]66l. He lies buried in the chancel of Ashburn- ham church, under a noble monument of black and white marble, whereon lies the effigies in full proportion of a gentleman in armour, between his two wives 3 the one in a winding-sheet, and the other in a B<\roncss*s robe, with a coronet on her head ; all their hands. elevated; and underneath are the figures of four sons, and four daughters, kneeling before a desk. Over all, in an arch of white marble, supported by two black marble pillars, is the following inscription on black niarble, iq gilt Roman letters :

" Here lies in the Vault underneath, John Asbburnham, Esq, of this Place, Son to the unfortunate Person Sir John Ash* bumham, whose good nature and frank Disposition towards his Friends, in being deeply engaged for them, necessitated him to sell this place (in his Family long before the Coo- quest), and all the Estate he had elsewhere, not leaving to his Wife and six Children the least substance) which is not inserted to the least Disadvantage of his Memory (God for- bid it should be understood to be a Charge of Disrespect upon him), but to give God the Praise; who so suddenly provided both for his Wife and Children, as that within less than two Years after the Death of the said Sir John, there was not any of them but was in Condition rather \Q j)c helpful to others, than to want support tbemwlvct%

260 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Blaj God be pleated to add this Bleanog to Ui Poslerltf » that they may never be unmindful of the great things He has done for them* The wife of the said Sir John Ashbum-- liam, was daughter to Sir Thomas Beaumont, of Staughton, in the county of Leicester ; she was very eminent for her great temper and prudence: she died in the seventy fifth Year of her Age; and both the said Sir John, and his Wife, lie buried in the Church of St. Andrew's^ in Hoibom, Lod« don." Sir John died 1620^ set. 4$.

'^ The said Mr. Jdin Ashburnham married the daughter and heir of William Holland, of Westburton, in this County, Esq. who lies also here interred, and by whom he had these eight children. She made the first step towards the recovery of some part of the inheritance wasted by the said Sir John; for she sold her whole estate to lay out the money io this place. She lived in great reputation for piety and discre* tion, and died in the seven and thirtieth Year of her Age. T&e second Wife to the Said Mr. John Ashburnhatn, who lies also here interred, was the Widow of the Lord Poulett, of Hioton St. Gisorge, in the county of Somerset : she was daughter and heir to Christopher Kenn, of Kenn, in that

^ county, Esq. who left her a great estate in lands, now in the possession of the Lord Poulett. She was worthy imita« tion by all her sex, for her honourable and religious conver- sation : she brought great advantages to the family of this place, and died at the age of seventy years and four months : and her memory is precious to all considering persons that >Lnew her. This Mr. John Ashburnham was of the bed- chamber tp their Majesties Charles I. and Charles II. who when he had performed the service to God in building this Church at his own pharge, died in the sixty-eighth year of his age, on the fifteenth Day of June^ in the Year of our Lord 167 1 r

Frances, the first wife of the said John Ashburnham, died in the year 16^9, and was buried at Ashburnham. Of their daugh- tcrs, Frances, born anno 1632, was married to Sir Denny Ash- burnham, of Broraham, in Sussex, Bart, ^rom whom was descended the late "Sir William Ashburnham, Lord Bishop of Chichester; and Bliiabcth, to Sir Hugh Smith, of Long- Asbton, in the county of Somerset, Bart.

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 76i

William Ashbaroham, Esq. the eldest son, died in the year l655f and was buried at Ashborobam, having married Elizabeth^ daughter of John Lord Poulett, of Hinton St. George, bj whom be had issue, John, his son and heir, created Lord Ashbumham. And the said Elizabeth ¥ras, secondly, married to Sir Willian^ Hartop, of Rotherby, in the county of Leicester, and dying on August 18th, 16^, aged sixty, was buried at Ashbumham.

JoHW Ashburnham, first Pbbh, born January 15th, 1655-6, was heir to his grandfather, as also to his uncle, William Ash* bumham; and on the accession of King William and Queen Mary, was created a Baron, by the style and title of Lord Ash« BURNHAM, Baron of Ashbumham, in Sussex^ by letters-patent^ dated May 20th, 16^8,^ in the first year of their reign. His Lord* ship married, in Westminster-Abbey, July 22d, 1 677, Bridgetj only daughter and heir to Walter Vaugban, of Porthommel- House, in Breckoockshire, Esq. and on August IQth, 17Q2, his Lordship was constituted Gustos Rotulorum ^ of that county. He departed this life at his house in Southampton -street, near Blooms^ bury-square, on January 22d, 1 709-IO, aged fifty-four years and seven days, and was buried at Ashburnham, where also the re- mains of his lady are deposited. He left issue three sons.

1. William, who succeeded him in honour and estate.

2. John, late Earl Ashburnham. And,

3. Bertram, who died in April 1743, unmarried.

Also two daughters; Elizabeth, married,. first, to Robert Choi- mondeley, of Holford, in Cheshire ; and, steondly, to Seymour Chdmondeley, Esq. and died 00 January 26th, 1731-2; and Jaoe^ wedded to James Hays, Esq. and died in August 1731.

William, sbgomd Lord Ashburnham, born Hay 20tb, 1675, married Catharine, daughter, and, at length, sole ^eir to Thomas Taylor, of Clapham, in the county of Bedford, Esq. but died (leaving no issue by her), on June l6th, 17 10, and she oa July 1 1 tb, the same year, aged twenty-three years, and were both buried at Ashburnham. To whom succeeded^ his next brother and heir,

John, tmird Lord, and first Earl of Ashburnham, bap« tized March I3tb, l687> he was by Queen Anne constituted Colonel and Captain of the first troop of Hone Guards; and in December, 1728, appointed Gentleman of the Bed*chamber to Frederick Prince of Wales, but resigned that office in June^

*. £a C«ttc€U Oxei. Kiog Use. fecial. • Pat. 3 Oco. II.

262 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

1731 5 having ihe year before, on May 14ih, 173O, in consldc- ratioD of his great noierits, been created discount St, Jsaph, in thd Principality of Wales, dnd Earl AShburnham. And on Nb- Yember23d^ 1731, was constituted Captain of t})^ Yeomen of the Guard.

His Lordship married to his first n^ife, on Ocftober 2 1st, 171O, the Lady Mary Butler^ daughter to James Duke of Ormond, wl^ died without issue on January 2d, 1712, in the twenty-third year' of her age, and was buried at Ashburnham. , He married, secondly, on July 24th, 1714, Henrietta, widow of John Earl of Anglesey, and daughter to Willianfi Karl of Derby, who died on June 2(>th, 1718, in the thirty-first year of her age» leaving an only daughter, the Lady Henrietta Ai^hburnham, who died unmarried on August dth, 1732.

He married, to his third wife, the Lady Jemima Grey, daugh- . ter and coheir to Henry Duke of Kent $ which Lady died on July 7th, 1731, leaving issue one son, John.

. The said John Earl of Ashburnham departing this life at hi« house in ^t. James*8-square, in the forty-ninth year of his age, on March 10th, 1736-7, was bnried at Ashburnham. To whom suc- ceeded the beforenientioned

John, his only son and heir, second Earl op Ashburnham, bom October 30th, 1724, one of the Lords of the Bedchamber to his late Majesty; and July 14th, 17i3, appointed Keeper of Hyde Park, and also Keeper of St. Jameses Park. On the acces* sion of his present Majesty, his Lordship was continued in those offices, until he resigned them in 17^2) on November lOtb; 1775, was appointed first Lord of the Bed-chamber, and Groom of the Stole to his Majesty, which he resigned in 177^* He b LL.D'.

He married, on June 28th, 1756, Elizabeth, daughter and co- heir of Ambrose Crawley, Esq. late Alderman of London : and by her Ladyship, who died at Bath, 6th February, 178I, had issue

1. George, Viscount St, Asaph, born on February 2d, 1756, and died on the 1 3 th of the same month.

2. George, no^ Viscount St. Asaph, born on December 23th, 1760, and baptized on January 23d following, his Majesty, the Duke of Newcastle, and the Princess Dowager of Wales, being personally sponsors, married, first, August 2Sth, 17S4, Sophia, third daughter of Thomas, first Marquis of Bath, by whom (who died April 9th, 1701), he bad, 1. George, bom October Qth, 1785, M. P. for New Romney, I8O7. 2. Elizabeth. 3. Sophia. 4. John, au Ensign in the Coldstream Aegiment of Foot GuAtds.

ASHBUBNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. i9»

f

He married^ secondly, Qmrlotte, ddest daughter of Charley, £arl of Beverley, bj whom he has* 5. A. sod, March 19th, 1803. His Lordship was summoned to Parliament on March 23d, 1803, as Baron Ashburnuam, and placed in the seat of his father's Barony of May 30th, 1689,

3. Lady Henrietta Theodosia, bom November 8th, 17^9.

4. Lady Jemima Elizabeth, born January 1st, 1 762, married, February 26th, 1785, James, now Duke of Montrose, and died September 18th, 1786.

5. Lady Elizabeth Frances, bom May 10th, 1763-

6. Lady Theodosia Maria, bora June l6th, 1765^ married, June 4th, 1788, Robert Vyner, Esq. of Grautby, in Lincolnshire; and has issue.

Tliiet. John Ashburoham, Earl Ashburaham, Viscount St. Asaph, and Baron Ashbumham.

Creatums, Baron Ashbumham, of Ashbumham, in Sussex, May 30th, 1689, 1 W. and M.; Viscount St. Asaph, in the Prin- cipality of Wales, and Earl Ashbumham, May 14th, 1730, $ Geo.lL

Arms. Gules, a fess between six mullets. Argent*

Cre$L Out of a ducal coronet. Or, an ash-tree pn^r.

Supporters. Two greyhounds. Sable, collared and chained. Or.

lfo//o. Lb Rot bt L*£stat.

Chirf Seats. At Ashbumham, in the count of Sussex ; and at Chelsea, in the county of Middlesex.

204

PEBRilGE OF ENGLAND.

HOWARD EARL OF EFFINGHAM.

Having, in the first Tolume of this work, mentioded the iaeue of Thomas; the second Duke' of Norfolk, by Agnes, his second wife (sister and heir of Sir Philip Tilney, off Boston, in the count j of Lincoln), I come now to treat of the eldest son by that mar- riage,

Lord William Howard, first Lord Howard of ErpiNG* HAM, who in October, 1532, was among those courtiers^ who attended on their soTcretgn at his magnificent iutenriew with Francis L the French King, at Boulogne, having^ in his retinue eleven servants, and two horsekeepers : and on June 1st, nei^t ycar^ assisted at the coronation of Queen Anne Bolejn,<^ a» Earl Marshal of England, in the room of his brother, the Duke of Norfolk, then Ambassador in France. In 1534, be was <^sent into Scotland to present King James V. with the Order of the Garter, and to desire him to come into Fngland, and accompany King Henry to his intended interview with the. French King; with which the Scottish Monarch did not comply. Also the fol- lowing year was again ^sent thither with William Barlow, Bishop of St. Asaph, to procure an iQterview between King Henry and the Scottish King, as also to make certain advantageous propo- sitions to him, which were also declined. Ailer that he was sent Ambassador into France >^ and soon after his return in 1541, he, together with his Lady, and several of his relations, were indicted for misprision of treason, in concealing the misdemeanor of Ca«

* Scow*i Annals, p. 500. ^ MS. in BIbl. Joh. Anstls, Arm. NoU B. ^. € Hollio6he<i*s Chroo. p* 931* < Herheri's Life of H. Vlll. in Hisi. of Eng. Vol. II. p. 176. « Ibid. p. 1S4. f HolUofked^ p. 955. tad U«rbert> p. 229.

EARL OF EFFINQBA&L aOi

tbarioe Howards (fifth wife of Heoiy VIII.) who for her vn^ liappy deportmehty lost her bead, Febmarj 13th, 1542. And tfak Lord William Howard, with hia Lady, being convicted of not dtscovering what thej knew of the Queen's behaTiour, were condemned to perpetual imprisonment, and adjudged to forfeiture of their goods, and the profits of their lands during life. How* ever^iu consideration of his services (and it may be his innocence) be was soon after pardoned ; and in 1544, ^ he accompanied the Earl of Hertford in that expedition tlien made against the Scots* Also the following ^year he attended on the King at the siege of Boulogne. In ^ the 4th of Edward VI. when matters were ad- justed between England and Frauce^ and Boulogne was to be restored to the French, and six hostages were to be given by the French for a great sum of money to be paid to King Edward, in consideration of the restitution of Boulogne, this Lord William Howard, and other noblemen, were, on April 20th, ordered to receive them, being six of th? French principal nobility, between Dover and London, to conduct them the more hodoorably accord- ing to their estates. In 1553,^ many of the nobility, whereof this Lord William Howard was one, were by King Edward ia- corporated, as Merchant-Adventurers to Muscovy, who at thek own costs and charges provided. three ships, to discover territoriet unknown, northwards, north-eastwards, and north-westwards. In which voyage Sir Hugh Willonghby, the Chief Commandeiv mas ftixe to death sitting in his cabin s but Richard Chancellor, the next Commander, arrived safe at St. Nicholases port in Russia* and travelling to the court of the Czar, Juan Basilowitz II. deli* vered the Kiog*& tetters to him i and returned with that Prince^ letters to King Edward, granting free traffic to the English ia any parts of his dominions. This was their first entrance into Russia.

In the 6th year ^ of Edward VI. he was constituted Deputy of Calais: and having manifJeated his valour on severM occasions, and been stedfast in his loyalty both to Henry VII 1. and Ed- ward VI. as also to Queen Mary on her accession to the Crown^ he was created a Peer of tlie realm, by letters patent bearing date a Martii, \55B-4. the first year of her reign,'' by the title of I^BD HowABo OP Efi'ingbam. Also, on ^the aoth of the

t Sf 0«nt, Mag. VoL LXVII. p. 543, 544. * HolKaiheJ, f

t llyinef*& FceJeri, lorn. 15. p. 5^, ^ Strype't Mem. VoUl"

< Ibid. p. 319. a H«t. 6, Edwird VI. F

A P4 . 1 M4r. p* ^ *hiii. p« 5. M. 3«

9U PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

atroe roonth was constitated L(»d High Admiral of Eogland, Ireknd> Wales, &c. On Wyat's. insurrection that jear, being then Lord Admiral,? he was associated with Sir Thomas White, Lord Mayor of London, for the protection and defence of the tiiji and did good service, fi>rtif)ring the bridge, and planting cannon thereon, so that Wjat was obliged to retire, without at* tempting to enter the citj that way; thoogh he expected great help from the citizens, which (as Hollinshed recites), was frus- trated by the Lord Admiral's prudent disposition.

On April 8th fdlowing, bearing the title cf her beloved and faithful Counsellor, Sir William Howard, Knt. Ltrrd Howard of Effingham, High Admiral of England and ff'ales, Ireland, GaS' cony, and Aqvitwi, the Clueen, in consideration of his *i fidelity, prudciice, valour, and industry, diligence, experience, and inte- grity, constitutes him her Lieutenant-General, and Chief Com- mander pf her whole fleet and royal army, going to sea for the defence of her friends, &c. n And soon after setting sail with twenty-eight ships of war, and other vessels, he kept' the seas about three months, and meeting with Philip Prince of Spain, he waited on him till his arrival at Southampton, July 19th, 1554 \ and also attended his marriage with the Queen at Winchester, on . the 25th following.

His Lordship * was elected Knight of the noost noble Order of the Garter, on October 9th, the same year, and installed in De- cember following. His plate of installation^ is in the eleventh stall of the chapel of St. George at Windsor 5 which redling his being Admiral of England and Ireland, and being continued Chamberlain of the Household by Queen Elizabeth, shews that it must have been put* up in the reign of the last-nsentioned Prin- cess. Ahhough his Lordship complied with Mary's religion, yet it was with great moderation: for, in 1554, being one of the Commissioners for trying thode who refused to go to Mass, he ^ at the arraignment of eleven persons, who were asked whether they would be united again to the Catholic church with the rest of the realm, finding ten of them refiise, put this favourable qoestion to the last, JVhelher he would he an honest man, as his father was before him f and the person, interrogated, answering yea, was disdiarged* Alsoi during the troubles of the Lady £li-

P Honinthed, p. 1097. ^ Rymer, p. )82«

' HalUnslMd, p. sx 18. ■ MS. of die Kfiightt of the Garlrr.

< Pote's Aab'quidet of Wiodior, p. 191.

^ ^jtr)rpc't Memorials, VoL HI. p. aoi.

feARL OF EFFINGHAM. * ^

kabeth, being 'sent to her from the Queen, he tised her with the greatest respect^ when many of the court treated her most con« tempfuously. '

"Wherefore Elizjabcth, on her accession to the throne, not onlf continued him in his place of Lord Chamberlasn,^ and of her Privy-Cbuncil, but employed him in the weightiest affairs of state. On January 20th^ in the first year of her reign,' his Lord* ship, with the Bishop of Ely, and Nicholas Wotton, Dean of Canterbury, were empowered to conclude a peace with the Frrach King. And on May 23d following,^ he was appointed one of the Commissioners to take the oatli of supremacy of all persona that enjoyed any employments or trust under the Queen^ bearing then the title of Lord Chamberlain to her household.

He continued in that post till *» July 13th, 1572, when being worn out with the fatigues of an active lire,<^ he resigned it, and . was made Lord Privy-Seal, which post he enjoyed but a short time 5** dying on January 2l3t fdlowing, at Hampton- Court, full of years and honour; being (as Camden^ writes), of roost ap- proved fidelity, and unshaken courage. He was 'buried in the family vauk of the Howards, under the chancel in the church <^ Ryegate, in Surry, on the 29th ensuing.

His Lordship married two wives; wher^ the first lies buried in the chancel of the church of Lambeth, in Surry, under a mo* nument erected to her memory, with this inscription :

Here It/eth Kalharine Howard, one of the Sisiers and Metres of John Broughion, Esq, Sonne and Heire of John Broughion, Esq, and laie Wife of Lord William Howard, one of the Sonnes of the right high and mighty Prince Lord Thomas, late Duke of Nor-^ folk. High Treasurer and Earl Marshall of England : Wbkk Lord William and Lady Kalkerine left issue betweene them law* fully begotten, 'Agnes Howard, their only daughter. Which said Lady Katherine deceased the xxiii Day of April, A^ Dom, 1536, Wfidse Soule Jesu pardon.

The said daughter Agnes, was married to William Paulct, the third Marquis of Winchester, and died in l60i.

*• HolUftsheJ, p. 1 158. 7 Camden's El-zabeth. ,

» Rymer, tonk. 15. p. 610. • Ibid. p. 618. ^ Holllnthcd, p. 113 1,

« Caoidea, p. 450. ** HolUnslicd, p. 12^7.

V Life of Queen El'iubeth, p. 449. f £x Collect, scib mma Job. Anscis^ Armil r.

26B PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Thip Lord Howard of Effingham had to his second wife Mtr* garet, second daughter of Sir Thomas Gamage^ of Coity, in Gla- morganshire, Knt. by Margaret, daughter of Sir John St. John, of Bletsho (who suryiyed him, dying in May 1581 > and was bu- ried in the same vault with her husband, under Ryegate church, on .the 19th of the same month), by whom he had issue four sons.

1. Charles, his successor.

2. Sir William Howard, of Lingfield, in Surry, who died in 1600, and was buried at Ryegate, ancestor to the present Earl of

3. Edward. And.

4. Henry, who both died young. Also £ve daughters.

1. Douglas,s married to Jdm Lord Sheffield, ancestor to (he late Duke of Buckinghamshire} secondly, to Robert Earl of Leicester; and afterwards to Sir Edward Stafibrd, of Grafton, Knt.

2. Mary, married, first, to Edward Lord Dudley; aflcrwardi to Richard Mompesson, Esq. she died August 2ist, 1600, and Was buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Westouosiec where a monument was erected to her memory.

3. Frances, wedded to Edward, Earl of Hertford, and died without issue, 14th May, 1598, aged forty-four, and was buried in the Chapel of St. Benedict, in Westminster Abbey, against the

"cast wall oi which chapel is a very stately monument twenty-six feet high, with a suitable inscription to her memory.

4* Martha, to Sir George Bourchler, Knt. third son to John EariofBath. And,

5. Katherine, who died young, September 22d, 1^98, and was also buried with her parents.

By his last will and testament,^ bearing date 6th Mail, 156^, be bequeathed to Charles, his son and heir, his collar of gold, and all his robes belonging to the Order of the Garter; and ap« pointed a tomb to be made for him in the chancel of the parish church of Ryegate, in Surry, where he ordered his body to be

f See a very citrtordinary tccount of her intrisaei with Lord Leicetter, du« ling Lord Ltictttcr*t life, in Gerfase Holle8*8 carioua Memoirt of the Hen's family. Her lecood roarriage with Lord Lticetter wai denied ; and the cekbr^ ud Sir RoWrt Dudley, her ton, declared UlegitimaU. But the mysteiy is aoC cleared up to this day.

* Rsgltt. Pcttr, %. s». ia Cor. Prcrog. Cant.

KAEL cor EraiNGHAir. a%

buried i windi wtt acconlliBg^y done trich great sbkomi^, oo JaoiBiTy 2gtfa, 1572-3, seventeen dajt af^or liit death.

CflAftLxs iscaiTDLoKD HowABD OP £Fpnro8AM> AKO nmsT Baki« Of NoTTnrGHAiff^ his eldest soo^ was initiated during thm fifetlme of his £ither in the affairs of state ; being ^ sent in 2 HUx. OQ the death of the French King, with a compliment of eondolenoe to his snccessor, and to congratulate him on his 9w> cesatoo } also to desire, that the friendship so lately commenced between the two crowns might cootinne. Returning from this embassy, he was ^elected one of the Knights for the county of Snrry^ in that Faritament began at Westminster, January iith, 1562-3, and in 12 Eliz. was General < of the horsemen under the Earl of Warwick, in that army sent against the Earls of North- nmberland and Westmoreland, then in rebellion. The following' year he was setit ■" with a fleet of men of war to convoy the Lady. Anne of Austria, daughter of the Emperor Maximilian, going into Spain, over the Britsh seas. And ° elected for Surry, in the Parliament which met May 8th, 1572, having before that time received the honour of knighthood.

He was installed Knight of the most noble Order of the Garter on April 24th, 1574, also was made <»Lord Chamberlain of the Household. In 1586, he was 'one of the Noblemen appointed Commissioners by the Queen's patent, for the trial of the Queen of Scots; and therein is styled of the Privy Council, and Loan Hioa Admiral of England,^ having been so constituted in 1584-5. In 1588, the memorable year of the Spanish Invasion, the Queen (as Camden ^ writes), having a great opinion of his fortunate conduct, and well knowing him to be skilful in mari* time aflairs, wary and provident, valiant and courageous, indns* trious and active ; and that by the sweetness of his behaviour, and by his bravery and conduct, he was of great authority and esteem among the seamen, she committed to him the command of the whole fleet : with which he had the honour of saving his country, by dispersing and totally ruining that fleet, which the . Spaniards had foiidly boasted to be invincible, and had been three whole years fitting out, at a vast cxpence; and thereby gained immortal honour to himself and family. For which great

1 Camden, p. 278. k Willii's Notitit Parf. p. 70. 75.

1 HoHinshed, p. 12T2. » CAir.den, p. 430,

n Wiliii, p. 88. 95. « Camden, p. 5(0.

P Caradeo £lix. in H st. of Eng. Vol II. p. 510. f Ibid.

r la A:iAa!s of Queen EKizUtb, p. 543.

2J0 PESRA6E OF ENGLAND.

■errioe tbe CUten not taiiy settled a pennon oo bioi^ bfut eref af^er consideied him as a person bora for the preservatiOQ of bis eoantrji And when, in 1506, on a rqK)|t of the Spaniards again attempting to invade England^ a fleet was equipped of 150 ships, with land forces on board, he waa *made Commander in Chief atsea; and the Karl of Essex at land. In which expedition Cadi^ was taken $ and he merited so much, and his service ther^ was so wdl esteemed, that the Gtoeen, on October 22d the same year,^ adraoced him to the dignity and title of Earl of Nottinoham (fadng descended from the family of Mowbray, whereof scune ^ve been Earls of that county), the r^sons whereof are thus »in- serted in his pat^t :

** That by the victory obtained anno 1588, he had secnred the ' kingdom of England from tbe invasion of Spain, and other im- pendent dangers } and did also in conjunction with our dear cousin Robert Earl of Essex, seize by force the isle and strongly fortified city of Gales, in tlie furthest part of Spain ; and did like* wise entirely rout and defeat another fleet of tbe King of Spain, prepared in that port against this kingdom."

In the same .year he was » constituted Jnstice Itioerant, for life^ of all the forests south of Trent. And in 41 Eliz. when ^oo a report of the Spaniards again designing tbe invasion of England, and on private inielligeuce that tbe Earl of Essex, then Deputy t>f Ireland, discontented at tbe ppwer of bis adversaries, was me^ ditating to return into England with a select party of men, on which the Queen raised 6000 foot soldiers, to be ready on any emergency i she reposed so entire a confidence in tbe fidelity of this Earl, that she ^committed to him the chief command. But these forces were again disbanded in a few days, and the Earl had i^o opportunity to exercise his courage or conduct, till 44 Eliz. when on tbe Earl of Essex's insiirrection be was sent/^ ta reduce Drury-bouse, whither Essex had retired, which was presently surrendered. The same year he wa« *» constitutccl one of tbe Coroppiissioners for exercising the office of Earl Marshal of Eng« land. The year after, the Queen, sensible of her decHnxng con- dition, removed from WesWnhister to Richmond (where she ended l^r days on March S^th, l60i(-3), and said to the Lord Admiral^ for whom she bad a particular respect. My throne has been heUl

» Cirodcn, p. ^9X. t Pat. 39 Eliz, p. 3, « Camden, p. 1^9^.

' Pat. 39 EIli. p. I. 7 Camden, p. 616.

p Pal. 41 Elift. p. 24. in doiao. » Qamdcn, p. 63%^

^ F^t. 44 £lif . p. 14. in dortb.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 2/1

% Pfincis in the way of succession, and ought noi to go to amf hut mtf nfXt and imnudiaie heir. Which he acqaaindng the coiiacil with, some time before her death, they deputed him> the Lord Keeper, and the Secretary, to wait on the Queen, to learn Uex pkaffire in refereooe to the suocession ; wheieop<m she declared the King of Scots to be her nearest kinsman and successor.

(te whose accession to the throne, the Earl was continued in has post of Lard Admiral, and at his coronation, was <^made Lord High Steward of EngUnd upon that occasion. He was also ^^sent ainbaisadcM' into Spain, attended with a very splendid retinue^ English noblemen, and was. madcr one of the commissioners to treat of an Union between England and Scotland.

King James having an absolute aversion to war, was now led hastily /o conclude a peace with Spain, even to the amaaement and great advantage of the Spaniards, wiio thereby had an op- portunity given them of retrieving their almost desporate affiurs, and of pulling on the war with the Dutch, against whom dwy were deeply enraged on account of their revolt for religion arkl liberty.* It is said, indeed, this peace was not purchased without the aid of large sums of money distributed by the Spanish aitiba^- sador among the King's ministers.^

'' The constable of Castillo (says Weldon), so plyed his mas* ter's business (in which he spared for no cost), that he procured a peace so advantageous for Spaine, and so disadvantageous for England, that it, and all Christendom, have since both seen and fek the lamentable effect thereof. There was not one courtier of note that tasted not of Spaine*s bounty, either in gold or jewels.*'*

The treaties of commerce now concluded by France and Eng-* land with 5pain~and the Archdukes, rendered it necessary to send ambassadors extraordinary to those foreign courts ; and the Duke of Lenox was dispatched to France } the Lord Admiral to Spain | aod the Earl of Hertford to the court of Bruxelles.

^* The chief point considered in the Spanish embassy (sayt Carte), was to send a person of equal dignity with the Constable of Castillo j and none could be thought of but Charies Howard, Larl of Nottingham, Lord High Admiral of England: be solicited hard to be made a duke on the occasion, but could not prevail^

• Paf. 1 Jic. 1. p. 1 8. rf WiUcn't Life of K ng Janaes in Hist, of England, Vol. II. p. 673. • i»ee Harris's Life of Jaroe* I. p. 138. * K^pin-Wddon, &c^

e F. 26, 27,

9J(S PfiBRACff OF ENGLAND.

dw 4iioitfof hit poit bei«g sttfioiflDt. He wai the goodlfeiC perMn of the age, and sttU lo, though far adviooed mje^ni ^ iMver had my gfeat fund of senae^ and waa now grown the jeat of the court, too vain and weak a man to be cmfHoyed in any toincM, or entrusted with any ioDportant negotiation i but lie waa well enough cut out to make a shew in matters of meie cerr^ mony and compliment ; especially at the court of Spain, in wl^pse iBtesest he was entirely embarked. His public instructiaiia re- Jatad only to the King of Spain's oalh for observance of the treaQr, and his own master's neutrality : but in a private one from the King and Council, he was charged to express his goodwill to the Prince of Wales's marriage witb (he Infanta, if it came to be mentioned. He had 1 5,000 U allowed for bis expences; and carried over witb him Sir Charles Cornwallis,^ who was to reside in Spain as ordinary ambassador, tkt young nobkroea, fifiky knights, and f retinue of iive hundred persons ; yet his embauy was not unprofitable; receiving at his parting tbenoe to thevaloe ' of 30,0001. in presents; besides a pension of 12,000 crowns to htmsrif, and 30,000 among bis followers. The Admaral, setting out on March 26th» arrived on May 10th, a.t Valladolid; and on Friday, tbe last of this montb, his Catholick Majesty ratified the peace upon oath in a great chamber of the palace; an^ subscribed tbe articles, added by the Constable, about German merchandize; and the inquisition. It was pretended that the dergy would not suffer this to be done in a church or chapel, where the neglect of reverence to the Holy Sacrament would give scandal ; and it was perhaps some foresigbt hereof which made the Constable, when be was to swear to the peace in England, desire it might be done in Westminster-Hall, though he was over-ruled by King James« and forced to take his oath in Whitehall chapel. When that cerdnony was performed in England and France, the Spanith ^bassadors had dined with both the Kings ; and the Admiral expected the like honour in Spain } but this was excused as con- Iraiy to the custom of the court ; no French ambassador, no papal nundo, nor even the Duke of Savoy, thougb an absolute princtt, and tnarried to tbe King's sister, being ever admitted to his table. The Admiral leaving VaUaddid on June 7tb, arrived ibe apth of that month at Portsmouth, but found a worse reception at Court

* Sir Charks Cornwallii hn giv-en a minute account of their arrifil at Valla* 4olid, in a Letter printed in VITinwood, and in Memoirs of King James'i Peers, I96, In both which book| are many otbef iotcieitiiis letters from Sir Charl;iS rcladfc to this Emhastf,

. EARL OF EFFTNGHAJkf. 173

tiiati he expected; i^e follj of bis toogoe in Span, tiie effect of ins Tanity»' bringing on him serere reproaches fonn his master.^'* This acooont by Carte is principallj drawn from Winwood's Me* morials.

The next event in Lord Nottingham*8 life which I find reccnrded in jiistorj^ was his attendance at the marriage of the Princess EHxabeth with the Elector Palatine.

*' In February (l6l2) following the death of Prince Henry (says Arthur Wilson), the Prince Palatine and that love^ Prin- cess the Lady Elizabeth, were married on Bishop Valentine's day, in all the pomp and glory that so much grandeur could expresi Her yestmeats were white, the emblem of innocency ; her hair dishevelled, hanging down her back at length, an omamrat of virginity 3 a crown of pure gold upon her head, the cognizance of Majesty, being all over beset with precious gems shining like a constellation; her train supported by twelve young ladies in white garments, so adorned with jewels, that her path looked like a milky way. She was led to church by her brother, Prince Charles, and the Earl of Northampton ;. the young bachelor, on the right hand, and the old on the left. And while the Arch* bishop of Canterbury was solemnizing the marriage, some corus* cations and lightnings of joy appeared in her countenance, that expressed more than an ordinary smile, being almost elated to a Lmghter,jwhich could not clear the air of her fate, but was rather a forerunner of more sad and dire eyents : which shows how slip- pery Nature is to toll us al<Hig to those things that bring danger, yea sometimes destruction with them.

'^ She returned from the chapel between the Duke of Lenox, and the Earl of Nottingham, Lord High Admiral, two married men. The feastings, maskings, and other royal formalities, were 9A troublesome (^tis presumed) to the lovers, as the relation of them here may be to the readers. For such splendor and gayety are fitter to appear in Princes* courts than in histories.

'' The city of London (that with high magnificence had feasted the Prince Palatine, and his noble retinue), (MPesented. to the fair bride a chain ef Oriental pearl, by the hand of the Lord Mayor - and Aldermen (in their scarlet and gold chain accoutrements), of

' His cousin Korthamptoo cotoplalned of tkii wealuien is him ; tnd had a great costempt of hii abilities. See his Letten in Memoiri of Jamet*&Peert»

k Carte, III. 7ii>7Sai« VOL. IV. T

374 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

much t value as was fit for thetn to give« ao^ her to redeive. And the people of the kingdom in general being sumtnoned to a contri* botion for the marriage of the King's daughter, did shew their affections by their boaoty. And though it be the custom of oar Kings to pay their daughters portions with their subjects purses, jet an hundred years being almost past since such a precedent, it might have made them unwilling (if their obedience had not been full ripe), to recal such obsolete things, as are only in practice DOW by the meanest of the people.

'' But, tirrd with feasting and jollity, about the middle of April, when the beauties of the spring were enticing enough to beguile the tedionsness of the waj, the Prince Elector willing to review, and the Princess to see, what she was to enjoy ; after all the caresses and sweet embraces that could be between the King, Uueen, and Princes, that were to be separated so long, and at such a distance J and after all the shows, pastiuKS, fireworks, and other artifices that could be devised, and manifested, they parted at Rochester -, the Lord Admiral being ready with a royal navy in the Downs for their passage and conduct. The season smiled, and they arrived the nine and twentieth of the month at Flushing.^

la I6i9, the Eari resigned his post of Lord High Admiral. He was now eighty -three years of age, and desirous of repose; bat not caring to lose the precedence which that dignity gave him, the King conferred on him by a special patent, the privilege of taking place, as his ancestor John Lord Mowbray, Earl of Not- tingham, had done in the time of Richard IL"*

The King also remitted him a debt of 18001. and settled a pension on him of 1000 1. a 3rear."

He died at Haling House, in Surrey, set 87, December 14th, 1624, and was buried in the fomiiy vault under the chancel of Ryegate church **

Fuller, in his quaint language, gives the following character of him :

" An hearty gentleman, and cordial to his Sovereign, of a most proper person, one reason why Queen Elizabeth (who, though the did not value a jewel by, valued it the more for, a fair case), reflected so much upon him. The first evidence he gave of his prowess was when the £mperor*s suter, the spouse of Spain, with

1 WilMo't Hitlory, p. 64, 65. ■ Carte, IV. 5^. Camden's A^nak.

B Camden's Annala. * Sec tbc iAicriptioa on die knss' place of his coffin. Topogr. II. 170.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 275 ,

B fleet of ISO sails, stotitly and proudly passed the narrow seas^ hU Lordship, accompanied with ten ships only of her Majesty's navy royal, environed their fleet in a most strange and warlike tort, enforced them to stoop gallant, and to veil their bonnets to the Queen of England.

** His service in the eighty^eighth is notoriously known, when at the first news of the Spaniards approach, he towed at a cable with his own hands to draw out the harbour-bound ships into the sea : I dare boldly say, he drew more, though not by his person, by his presence and example, than any ten in the place. True it is he was no deep seaman (not to be expected from one of his extraction),? but had skill enough tb know those who had more skill tlian himself, and lo folk)w their instructions, and would not starve the Queen's service by feeding his own sturdy wilfulness, but was ruled by the experienced in sea -matters, the Queen hav- ing a navy of oak, and an Admiral of osier.

*• His last eminent service was, when he was commander of the sea (as Essex of the land) forces, at the taking of Cadiz 5 for which he was made Earl of Nottingham, the last of the Queen^s creation.

" His place was of great profit (prizes being so firequent in that age), though great his necessary, and vast his voluntary ex- pencesj keeping (as I have read ), seven standing houses at the same time, at London, Ryegate, Effingham, Blechingly, &c. so that the wonder is not great if he died not very wealthy.

" He livfed to be very aged, who wrote ** man'* (if not mar- ried), in the fivst of Queen Elizabeth, being an invited guest at the solemn consecration of Matthew Parker at Lambeth j and many years after, by his testimony, confuted those lewd and loud lies which the Papists tell of the Nag's Head in Cheapside. He resigned his Admiralty in the reign of King James to the Duke of Buckingham."'*

The Earl of Nottingham had by his first wife tKatharine

Cary),

1. William, summoned by writ to several Parliaments dnnng his fiither's life, who married, 1597, Anne, daughter and sole heir to John Lord St. John, of Bletso,^ hot died before his father

P How different from the preicnl day, when no birth would be nk eiciiM fcr tgaoiance of the prdfctsion in a f ailor 1

a FuUer*s Worthies, Surrey, p. 83> •4*

» At Cheltu. LyoMf Environs of London, II. I59«

A Aittghter Anne, wst baptised there Oct. nth, i«05. IWd..

276 PEERAGE OF ENGLANp.

in 1615:' leaving Elizabeth^ his sole dadghter and heir/ who became the wife of John Lord Mordaant, afterwards Earl of Pe- terborough.

2. Charles^ who succeeded his father as second Earl of Notting- ham.

3. Frances^ married to Sir Robert Southwell^ of Woodrbing^ in Norfolk ; and afterwards to John Stewart^ Earl of Carrick, in Scotland.

4. Frances, married to Henry Fitzgerald, Earl of Kildare, in Ireland; and afterwards to the unfortunate Henry Brooke* Lord

. Cobham, whom she deserted in his misfortunes.

5. Margaret, married to Sir Richard Levison, of Trentham, in StaiSbrdshire, Knt. Vice Admiral of England.

« By hb second wife, the Lady Margaret Steward, the Earl had,

6. James, buried at Chelsea, June 5th, l6lO.

7. Charles, bom December 25th, \6l6, and baptized the 23d of January following, at Croydon (in which parish was his manor house called Haling).^ His £Either was now seventy- three years old.' He succeeded his half-brother of the same names, in l641, as third Earl of Nottingham.^

Besides these, there was a son, William, baptized I6l5, and buried two days afterwards; Thomas, buried February 5th, \6l7i and Margaret, baptized December 22d, l6l8.'

Tlie Countess their mother re*married William Viscount Mon- aoD, of Ireland, the person who was degraded firom his honoun^ in 1661, for having been accessary to the murder of Charies I. She was buried at Chelsea August I'gth, 1639.*

Charlbs, second Eail of Nottingham, his eldest surviving son, was Lord Lieutenant of the county of Surry, in 1627, as ap- pears from a sermon printed that year at London, dedicated to him with these titles. The Right Honourabk and mast nobly de-

• Buried tt Cbehea. Ibid, t She was bvried at Chelsea November 18th, 1671. Ibid, u Now belonging to William Parker Hamood, Esq. Lysons, EnTiroof of London, I. 178.

s Ibid. 196. r Dorbg the Cml Wars he attached himself to the Parliament; obtidntd some of the sequestered lands, and was a tenant of Croydon Pilace. Ibid. He died s. p. April 26th, i68i»

s At Chelsea. Lysons, Environs of Loadeo, II. lao. A son was buried at Ryegate i<o8.

• She had ason by Loid Monsan, caHad Stawart, bapdied at Oielsea March 3ltt, xeaS> boriad A^ 8th. Ibid. i»i.

EARL OF BFF1N6HAM. 177

tanded Ckarles Lcrd Howafd, Bdran of ^ngham. Earl qf NoHmgham, Lord Lieutenant of the county of Surry} 'wheretn appears han manner of livings piety, &c. And several Books am also dedicated to bim, which distingoish his Lordship as a reli- giooa and loyal Peer. He married on Tuesday^ May igth, 1597, Charity, daoghter ^ of Robert White, of Christ-Church, in Hamp* shire, widow of William Leche, of Sheffield in Fletching, in Sossex. Which Lady died without issue, on December I8th, 16I8, and was buried in Fletching diurch.

His Lordship married, secondly, in Broad-street-church, Lon- don, April 22d, 1620, Mary,^ eldest daughter of Sir William Cockayne, Knt. Alderman, and some time Lord Mayor of Lon- don $ and his Lordship dying without issue male on October 3d, 1642, was buried at Ryegate, in Surrey, on the 6th of the said month ; Sir Charles Howard, Knt. his half-brother,<* succeeding him in his honours. Which

CflABLBs, THIRD Earl OF NOTTINGHAM, received the honour of knighthood at Theobalds, on April 2d, 1624, and having married Arabella, daughter to Edward Smith, of the Middle- Temple, Esq. and sister to Sir Edward Smith, Lord Chief Justice of the court of Common Pleas in Ireland,^ departed this li/e on April 26th, 168I, without issue, and was buried at Ryegate; and his widow surviving till the l6th January following, was boned in the church of St Mary, within the Savoy, London.^

Whereupon the Earldom of Nottingham became extinct, and the title of Lord Howard of ^gSngham devolved on Francis Howard, •f Grcat-Bookham, in Surrey, Esq. great grandson of Sir WilHam Howard, of Lingfield, in Surrey, second son to Wil- liam (who had first been created Lord Howard of Effingham), by ^Margaret, his second wife, daughter of Sir Thomas Gamage. Which

Sir William Howard of lAngfield, in the year 1581, was among those noble persons who > accompanied the Duke of Anjoa 00 his departure out of England, into the Low Countries, where he was to be invested with the chief soverdgnty. He afterwards

^ Addldoni and Emendtt. in the Baronage of England, from the notes of Sir W. Dofdale, by Gr. King Lane. Facial.

c She was huried at Ryegata, 1650. Tqpogr. III. 269. d Additions and Emendat. in the Baronaye of England, from the notes of Sir W. Dagdale, by Gr. King Lane. Fecial. « SeyiDow*! Surrey of London, foL 6Sa. ^ Ibid. Vol 11. foL 681.

t HoUinib. p« 1329.

2fB : PSfiHAGB OF ENGLAND,

received the honour of knighthood ; and having >> been elected a member for the borough of Ryegate, in Surrey, to several parlia- ments, departed this life, on September Ist, 1600, and was buried at Ryegate, in Surrey, the 26th of the same month,'^ seised of the manor of ^ Great Bookham, with the appurtenances in Bookham ; the roahor or college of Lingfield -, the manor of Billehurst, and rectory of Lingfield, and the advowsoo of the living aforesaid. By Frances his wife, daughter of William Gouldwcli, of Grouldwdl- hall, in the county of Kent^ he had three soosi

1. Sir ^ ward.

2. Sir Francis. And,

3. Sir Charles ; who were all honoured with knighthood.'

Sir £dw4bd, the eldest son, inherited the estate, and served "■ for the borough of Ryegate in the last parliament called by Queen Elizabeth; as also in ihe first of King James I. who "couferred the honour of knighthood on him at the Charterhouse^ on Maj nth, 1603. He was Cup-bearer to that King ; and dying with- out issue in the year \620, the estate descended to his next bro- ther and heir.

Sir Francis,^ who received the honour of knighthood at Cha- tham, on July 4th, 1604, and married Jane, daughter of Sir Wil- liam Monson, of Kinnersley, in Surrey, Knt. He died on July 7tb, 1651, and lies buried in the church of Great-Bookbam, ia Surrey, under a monument erected to his meniory.

.His issue were seven sons, and one daughter; Charles^ William, Henry, Thomas, Edward, Lodowick,' John, and Mary.

CHABt.B8^ his cildett son, received the honour of knighthood, and dying on March 20th, 1 672, aged fifty-seven, lies buried un- der a black marble in the church of Lingfield, in Surrey. By his ' wife, Frances, daughter of Sir George Courthope, of Whiligb, in the county of Sussex, Knt. he left issue two sons, Francis and George; and a daughter, Jane, wife of Thomas Methwold, of Hale-house, in the county of Middlesex, Esq. The mother of these children died May 6th, 168I, and is buried at Lingfield, ip Surrey, where a monument is erected to her memory.

^ MS. ColL de Pari. peDes Browo Willit T^rm.

- i Funeral jCertiicatet, I. 16, fol. xox. in Coll. Arm.

^ Cole*t Etc. lib. 5. n. 61. A. 16. p. 391. in Bibl. Harl.

< St. G«orgt*t Tititacion of Cambridgethirc,. pedigree of Goaldwell, in Coll, Aran.

» MS. Coll. de Pari, penes Brown Willes Arm.

» PhUpot't Cat« of Knightty p. 6. • Ibid. p. 30.

EAfiL OP EmNGHAM. 179,

Fnmds^ hts son and h«r^ on the death of Charles Earl of Not* tbigham^ succeeded to the title of Lord Howard of Effingham,

George, second son, married Anne, daughter of Kiddsr,

of Lewes, in Sussex, Esq. had issue thr^ sons ; Henry, Charles^ and Ihocnas; and two daughters, Mary and Frances; whereof only Thomas survived, which Thomas was seated at Bookharo, in Surrey. He served all the Spanish war, in the time of Queen Anne, with great reputation ; was taken pvisont-r at the unfortu-^ nate battle of Almanza, March Idtb, 1707, N.S. and detained two years in France. At the end of the same reign, when he w,as Lieutenaat-colouel, he w.s dismissed the service for his steady adherence to the cause of the present royal family^ and our happy constitution. Upon the accession of George J. he purchased a regiment of fgot in Ireland, and was preferred by his late Majesty to the regiment of Buffs, upon the English establishment. On December 18th, 1735, he was appointed Brigadier general of his Majesty's forces, and one of his Majesty's Aids de Camp; also on July 1 7th, 1 739, promoted to the rank of a Major-general. Oa October 12th, 1742, he was appointed Governor of Berwick upon Tweed i and February 25th, 1742-3, constituted lieutenant- general of his Majesty's forcqp. He died, March 3l8t, 1753, at his hoqse in Saville-street, and this character was given of him, on his decease ; ^ /Vs a Christian, he was n^ost devout and re- signed ; as- an olScer, he was most brave and experienced; as, a , husband, most affectionate ; as a parent, most kind and indul* gent$ as a man, most punctual and just in all his transactions; beipg truly possessed of every social virtue.' He married Maiy^ only daughter of Dr. Morton^ Bishop of Meath, in Ireland, who died 5th February, 1782, at her house in Saville row ; and by whom he had four sons and five daughters. Whereof

Sir George Howard, of Great Bookham, arrived at the rank of Major-General, January l6th, 17^8) Lieutenant-General, De- cember 9th,, 1760 5 General, September §th, 1777 > and 'Field- Marshal, October 12th, 1793. In 1749* he was appointed to the command of his father's Regiment, the third Foot ; whence he ob- U^ined^ May 13th, 1763, the seventh Regiment of Dragoons 5 and thence on April 25th, 1779, the first Regiment of Dragioon Guards. He was Grovernor of Chelsea Hospital; Member of Par- liament for Stamford, in Lincolnshire, Knight of the Bath, and LL.D., He died July l6th, 1796.

He first married I^dy Lucy Wentworth, sister to William Earl Strafford, by whom he had a ton, William, and a daughter, Lucy^

38a PBBRAGB OF ENOLAND.

that died'yoang; ind a 'datigbt^> Anne; born 246x Febroary, 1754/ married April 20tb, 1780^ to Major-general Richard Vywc. His first wife died April 27th, 1771>/and he was remarrilKl on May 22d> 1776^ to Elizabeth, relict of Thomas second Eiirl of Effingham.

Henry,? his brother, with Mary, married to Francis Vincent, Ssq. eldest son and heir of $ir Henry Vincent, of Stoke- Daber* mm, in Surrey, Bart. <iand Catharine, were all who snnrived to maturity.

Frahois, who sacceeded as fifth Lord Howard of £p» FIII6HAI1, as befbrementioned, was governor of Virginia in the reign of Charles TI. and departed this, life on March 30th, 1694. His Lordship married Philadelphia, daughter of Sir Thomas Pel- bam, Bart, great grandfather of Thomas Duke of Newcastle; ttd by her, who died at Virginia August 13th, l665, aged thirty- one,'' he had issue three' sons.

1. Charles, who died in the eighteenth year of his age, April llth, {694.*

2. Thomas, Lard Howard of Effingham, And, 3. ^rzncis, first Earl of ^ffinghoM.

Also three daughters > Philadelphia, who died August 5th, 1^4, aged sixteen;^ Margaret-Frances, who died May Uth, 1665 ;* and Elizabeth, married to William Roberts, of WDlesdeo, in the county of Middlesex, Esq.: and, secondly, to William Hutcheson, Esq.

The said Francis Lord Howard, wedded to his second wife» Susan, daughter of Sir Henry Feltoo, of Pkyford, in the county of Suffolk, fiart. and widow of Thomas Herbert, Esq. but by bar had no issue.

Thomas, his eldest snnri? ing son, succeeding him in honour and estate, as sixth Lord Howard of Effjnoham, was, in the reign of Queen Anne, one of the Gfentlemen of the Bedchamber to George IVince of Denmark. He manied, first, Mary, dai^h- ter and heir of Ruishe Wentworth, Esq. son and heir of Sir George Wentworth, a younger brother to Tliomas Earl of Straf- ford, by whom he had issu6 two daughters 5 Anne, who, op Sep-

P Qg. If sdU liTiflg ? I pretome be wat ftther of Colonel K. A. Hovsrd, ml

the Coldftieain Regiment of Foot GMrdi.*-T think the Ute FieU-Martbal, Stad-

hoUnc Hodgson, who died October jio, I797> aged 90, married one of this Amily.

% She died in Aogust 1757. Unir. Mag.

r'lflsciipt. Tumuli apod LiBgfield. • Ibid. < Ibid.

• IWd.

BARL OF EFFINOHABC S81

tember I4th, 1729, ivat married to Sif William Yooge^^ of Ei- ooce> in Devooshire, Knight of the Bath, ^nd Baronet, whose widow she died in 1775; and Marj, who, on Jane2l8t> 1733^ was married to Creorge-Venables Vernon, of Sudbnrj, in Derby- shire, Esq. created Lord Vernon May Ist, 1762.

His LcmUhip had to his second wife, ' Elizabeth, daughter of John Rotheram, of Mnch Waltham, in the county of Essex, Esq* and widow of Sir Theopbilas Napier, of Luton-H6o, in the coon^ of Bedford, Bart, but by her (who was afterwards wife of Sir Conyers D* Arcy, Knight of the Bath), had no children. And departing this life, without issue male^ at Sp^, in Germany, July 10th, 172% was buried at Lingfield, and the barony devolved on his brother and heir,

FsAiccis, SEVENTH LoKD HowASD, and FIRST Eail or Ep** 7IN6HAM, was, ou July 14th, 1731, appointed Lieutenant-Colo- nel of the Horse Grenadier-Guards : and on July 22d, next year, was constituted Colonel of the 20th Regiment of.Pbot. In 1781, be was constituted Deputy Earl-Marshal of England. And, in consideration of his great merit and abilities, created an Earl of Great Britain, by the style and title of Eail of Effingham, by letters-patent dated December 8th, 1731. In June 1737, his Lof^ship was appointed Colonel of the second troop of Horse Grenadier Guards; and on July 17th, 1739, promoted to the rank of a Brigadier-General) also, December 22d, 1749, appointed Captain and Colonel of the fourth troop of Horse Guards.

His Lordship married, first, Diana, daughter of Major-General (yFarrel, of the kingdom of Ireland> by whom he had Thomas, second Earl of Effingham.

And in July 1728, wedded, secondly, Anne, sister of Robert Bristow, Esq. one of the Commbnoners of his Majesty's Board of Greendoth; and by her, who died at her house in George-street, Hanover Square, November 5th, 177^, had a son, -George, that died yoong. And his Lordship deceasing Febiniary 12th, 1742-3, was buried on the 18th following, at Great Bookham, in Surrey 1 to whom succeeded in his honours and estates his only surviving son and heir,

Thomas, second Eakl of Effingham, who on the decease of his father, was, April l6th, 1743, appointed Deputy Earl- Marshal of England. On April 11th, 1743, he was promoted to be irst Lieutenant and Lieutenant-Cplonel of the second troop of

X A wit and polhiciaai fither, hf her, of tht preieot Sir George.

2S3 PJ^ERAOB OF ENGLAND.

Horse Goards; also, on August aoih^ 1749, appdutod one of bb* Majestj^'s Aids de Camp j on December 3d, 1754, be was pre- ferred to the comroaod of the 34tb Regiment of Foot. In Ja-* noarj, 17^B, bis Lordship was promoted to the rank of Major- General, and to that of Lieutenant-General, on December 8tb, 1760 ; having been appointed to the command of the first troop of Horse Grenadier Guards, the preceding month.

His Lordship married, on February 14th> 1744^5^ Elizabeth^ daughter of Peter Beckford^ of the Island of Jamaica, Esq. wba was grandson of Sir Thomas Beckford, Knt. and Aldc^rman of the city of London, and by her (who was one of the Ladies of tbe Bedchamber to the Queen, and re-married, 1776, to Sk George Howards Knight of the Bath, and died October I2ib, 1791), he left surviving issue, two 8ons|

1. Thomas, third Earl of ^ngham.

X Richard Howard, ybi<r/A EarL

And four daughters; 1. Lady Elisabeth, born November 10th, 1750, married to the late Rev Henry Reginald Courtenay, LL.D. Bi^op of Exeter, &c. 2, Lady Anne, bom May 4th, 1752, mar- ried to Thomas Carleton, Esq. Lieutenant-Colonel of the 2^ Regiment of Foot, who died in Canada, 1787. 3 Lady Maria» bom August 3 1 St, J 7^3, married to Guy Carleton, Lord Dor- chester, who died 1808. And, 4. Lady Frances Herring, bom May 22d, 1755, died June l6th, 1796. His Lordship died No- vember iptb, 1763, and was buried in the family vault, at Book- ham, in Surrey ; being succeeded by his eldest son,

Thomas, thud £ari« op Effinohaii, born January IStbj 1746-7^ and married, in October 14th, 1765, tb Catherine^ daughter of Metealfe Proctor^ of Thorpe, near Leeds^ in York- thire, Esq. His Lordship was deputy Earl Marshal of Eng- land. He was in April, 1782, appointed .Treasurer of his Ma- jesty's Househol4> in the room of the Earl of Salisbury ; and in February 1784, Master of the Mint. He was afterwards ap* pointed Governor of Jamaica ; in which appointment he died^ November ]6th^ 1791> without issue. His Countess having died on the 15th of the preceding month.

He was succeeded by his brother, Riobakd, fourth and prt^ seni Earl, who was bom February 21st> 1748, and is Secretary and Comptroller to the Queen. He married, June iHth, 1785» Miss Nfarcb, daughter of John March, ^sq. of Waretley Ftork> Huntingdonshire } but has no issue.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. MS

Titles. Thomas Howard^ Earl of Effingham, and Lord How- ard of Effingham.

Creations, Baron Howard, of Effingham, in the county of Surrey, by letters patent, dated March Uth, 1553-4, Ist Mary 5 and Earl of Effingham, December 8th, 1 73 1, 5 Geo. IL

Arms and Crest,, The same as the Duke of Norfolk's, a mullet for difference.

Supporters. Two lions, Argent, each charged on the shoulder with a mullet Sable. '

Motto. ViRTUS'MILLB SCUTA.

Chief Seat, At the Holmes, near Botherham, in Yorkshire.

M4 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

' . STANHOPE EARL OF HARRINGTON.

In the account of the Earls of Chesterfield, is mentioned the second marriage of Sir John Stanhope, of Sbelford, and that his eldest son, by that marriage, was.

Sir John Stanhope, of Elvaston,^ knighted by James I. at Whitehall, on June 4th, 1607, and in the 18th *»year of that King, elected one of the Knights for the county of Derby ; as also, in the first Parliament called by Charles I. and who senred for\the ^ town of Leicester, in the third year of that reign. ^ In the fifth year of that King, he was Sheriff of Derbyshire) and departed t&is life on May 2gth, 1638. The inscription on a marble monument in the church at Elvaston (where his figure lies in full proportion), gives an account of his marriages and children. By his first wife, Olive, daughter and heir of Edward Berrisford, of Berrisford, in Stafibrdshire, Esquire, he had only a daughter, wedded to Charles Cotton, Esq.^

By Mary, his second wife,'who was daughter of Sir John Rad- clyfie, of Ordsal, in Lancashire, Knight, and erected the before- mentioned monuxxient, he had John, Thomas, and Frances, who all died infants; another John, his successor 3 * 2. Cromwell.

3. Radclyflfe.

4. Byron. 5. Alexander. And Elizabeth; and Anne, who survived him.

Of the four sons and two daughters last-mentioned, Antie was

a Philpot's Car. of Knighti. » Willit^s Not. Pari. VoL II. p. 122.

c lb. MS. 4 Poller's Worthka in com. Derb.

•■The father of Charkt CottOD^ the Poet| ol Berctford, co. Stafl^

EARL OF HARRINGTON. 28f

married to Sir Thomas Ellis, of Nocton^ in the coanty of liiicolo, Knt. ; and Radclyff^ Cromwell^ Bjron, and Alexander, had to children.

John, his said heir and successor, was, at the death of his fit* ther,^ nine years of age, on October llth, 1637, as the inquisi* tion, post mortem, shews. He took to wife, Jane, daughter of Sir John Curzon, of Kedleston, in the county of Derby, Knt. and Bart. And departing this life on March 26th, 1662, was buried at Elvaston, near his Lady, who deceased on April 14tb, l652.

JoHN^ his only son, married Dorothy, daughter and coheir of Charles Agard, of Foston, in the county of Derby, Esq, by whom he had issue,

1. John, who died young.

2. Thomas.

3. Charles. And,

4. William, created Earl of Harrington,

Thomas Stanhope, of £lvaston, Esq. his eldest surviving son, married Jane, one of the daughters and coheirs of Gilbert Thac- ker, of Repton priory, in the county of Derby, Esq. and relict of Charies Stanhope (second son of Philip Earl of Chesterfield), who took the surname of Wotton. He was chosen for the town of Derby, in the first parliament called by Queen Anne; and dying without issue, April lOtb, 1730, was succeeded in his estate by Charles Stanhope, Esq* his brother and heir. His relict deceased on December 4th, 1^44.

Which Charles Stanhope, of Elvaston, Esq. was Secretary to the Treasury's and March 10th, 1721-2, appointed Treasurer of the Chamber, in which he continued till the death oT his Majesty George I' and served in every parliament from 1714, inclusive, until he died a bachelor, March J 7th, 1760, aged eighty- fteven.

William, first Earl, the youngest son, after a learned and polite education, embraced the profesuon of arms, and had a com- pany in the third Regiment of Foot Guards; and, in 1710, was appointed Colonel of a Regiment of Foot.. In 17 17, he began his diplonatic career, as envoy to Spain. Coxe« in his Memoirs of Sir Robert Walpole, has given the following full account of him: " In May, 1721, he served as a volunteer in the French army, commanded by Marshal Berwick, which laid siege to Fon-

f Cole's Esc. in Blbl. Harky. S He was moch talked of in Walpole's administration for bis concern in the South Sea business. See CotceU NUmom •fIfalptlU*

U6 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

IflhilNa. Daring the war, he ooncerted a plao for the destruction of three Spanish ships of the line, and a great quantity of naval •tores, in the port of St. Andero, in the Bay of fiiscay; an English squadron effected that enterprise ; he himself contributed to the execution, by accompanying a detachment of troops, which Ber- wick sent at his solicitation, and was the first that leaped into the water, when the boats approached the shore. On the ^)eace with Spain, he was constituted Brigadier-general; and returned to Madrid in the same character as before. During his residence at that court, he was witness to many extraordinary events, which he has ably detailed in his dispatches. The abdication of Philip V. the succession and death of Louis, the resumption of the crown by Philip, the return of the Spanish In^ta, the separation of Spain from France, the union with the House of Austria, and the rise and fall of Ripperda. H6 manifested great firmness and discretion, when that minister was forcibly taken from his house; and his conduct on this occasion, principally impressed the King and the Ministers, with ^ deep sense of bis diplomatic talents ; and contributed td bis future elevation. On the rnpture with Spain, which commenced with the siege of Gibraltar, he returned to England, and was appointed Vice Chamberlain to the King; and soon afterwards nominated, in conjunction with Horace Wal- pole and Stephen Poyntz, plenipotentiaries at the congress of Soissons : he had now two great objects in view, a Peerage, and the oflSce of Secretary of State. But he bad to struggle as well against the ill will of the King, who was highly displeased with his brother, Charles Stanhope, as against the prejudices of Sir Ro- bert Walpole, who, deeply impressed with a recollectien of the conduct of Earl Stanhope, at Hanover, had taken an aversion to the very name. It required all the influence of the Duk^ of Newcastle, and the friendship of Horace Walpole, to surmount these obstructions ; which were not removed, till he had gained an accession to his diplomatic character, by repairing to Spain, and concluding the treaty of Seville. His merits, in that delicate negociation, extorted the peerage from the King ^by the title of Lord Harrikotok, in-the county of Northampton, on Novem* ber 9th, 1729), and, on the resignation of Lord Townsheod, he was nominated Secretnxy of State. In that office, his knowledge of foreign afiairs, his application to buRiness, his attention to di* plomatic forms, the solemnity of his deportment, the precision of Jus dispatches, and his propensity to the adoption of vigorous measures against France, oo the death of Augustus the Secondi,

EARL OF HARRINGTON. 2^

ftDdered hiia highly acceptable to the King. Havtog ofiendcd doeen Caroline^ bf affecting to set up an interest independent of bcr, he would have been removed^ had not his prudence and cau- tion again conciliated her favour. He never cordially coalesced with Sir Robert Wal pole; and although he alnoost uniformly acted in subservience to his views, he looked up to the Duke of New^ cast'e^ as his patron and friend^ and gave many instances in which he sacrificed his own interests^ even in opposition to the com- mands of the King, to gratitude and friendship.' He was a man of strong sense and moderation ; of high honour and disinterested integrity -, and so tenacious of his word> that Philip of Spain said of him^ ' Stanhope is the only foreign minister, who never de* ceivrd me.' He was of a mild and even temper; and had con- tracted, by long habit, so much patience and phlegm, that he was characterised by the Portuguese minister, Don Arevedo^ as ' not being accustomed to interrupt those who spoke to him.* A con- temporary historian has also farther described him, as one whose ' moderation, good sense, and integrity, were such, that be wak not considered as a party man, and had few or no personal ene- mies. Although he never spoke in the House of Peers, yet he was highly useful in recommending to the cabinet the most pni- dent methods of attack, or defence, and in suggesting hints to those who were endowed with the gift of tongue. On the change of ministry, 1742, he was appointed Lord President of the Coun- cil; and, on February 9th, 17^2, created Viscount Petersham, and Eael of Harrington. In 1/44, he was again appointed Secretary of State, and in 1 746, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

On September 5th, 1 747> his Lordship set out for Ireland, and arrived at Dublin, on September 13th, accompanied by several persons of distinction. He was met at the water-side by the liari cf Granard, and Lord Tullamore, who proceeded with him in the Lord Primate's coach^ with the usual state, to the castle, where he was sworn Lord Lieutenant of Ireland by the Privy-Council, and received the compliments of the nobihty, &c.

On the 6th of next month, his Excellency q>ened the Session of Parliament with a speech from the throne; and having passed the public and private bills, concluded it with another on April 9th,^ 1748 ; after which he embarked for England, and arriving at his house in St. James's, April 25ih, 1748, waited on his Ma* jesty the next day, and was very gradoualy received.

Hit Lordship landing again at Dublin, September 26th, 1749^

2M PfiEftAOE OP ENGLAND.

rcduned the government of Irekod; and on April ^thj 17M, wit^ again appointed one of the Lords Justices during his Majo^^ being abroad. And in 1751, the Duke of Dorset succeeded his Lordship as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

His Lordship married Anne^ daughter and heir of Coloodr Edward Griffith^ one of the Clerks Comptrollers of the Green- cloth (by Elizabeth his*wife^ daughter of JDr. Thomas Lawrence,^ first Physician to Queen ADue)> and by her had two sons ; Wil- liam, second Earl of Harrington, and Thomas, twins, bom on ' December I8th» 1719 9 hut their mother died in child*bed, and his Lordship remained a widower till his death, December 8th, 175(5.

Thomas, the youngest son, in August 1741, had a commissioa c^ Captain in Honeywood*s Regiment of Dragoons ; and going over sea, died in February 1742-3.

William, second Earl of Rarrinoton, was elected, in 1741, one of the members for Ailesbury; and served for Bury St. Edmunds, in the two following Parliaments, till his successioa to the peerage. His Lordship taking to a military life, served the campaign in 1745, as Captain of a company in the first Regiment of Foot Guards, and by his commission had the rank of Lieute- nant-Colonel. Having behaved with great gallantry at the battle of Fontenoy» May llth, 1745, bis Majesty, on Jpne 15th, that year, was pleased to constitute him Captain and Colonel of his second Troop of Hcnrse Grenadier Guards 5 and, in 1748, to ap« point him Customer and Collector in the port of Dublin. On February 24th, 1755, his Lordship was constituted Major-Gene- nd ; promoted to that of Lieutenant-General, on January 28th, 1758 j and to that of Greneral, on April 30th, 1770.

His Lordship, on August 1 1th, 1746, was married to the Lady Caroline Fitz-Roy, eldest daughter of his Grace, Charles Duke of Grafton, by whom he had issue,

1. Lady Caroline, bom March llth, 1746-7, married Octobc^ 7tb, 1765, to Kenneth Mackenzie, Viscount Fortrose, of the kingdom of Ireland, and died February 9th, lyO?, of a consump- tion which she laboured under for near two years. Her intellects

k Great grandfather of Sir Soulden Lawrence, a Judge C. P. and of Elizabetht wid«w of George Gipps, Esq. late Member of Parliament for CanCerbory. He was abo ancestor of Miss Lawrence, of Stadley, in Yotlahire, who hat tacceeded, through her mother, to the gnat fortune of the AtsUbiea. CoUnel Griftth*t widow afterwards married Lord Mohun, well known for his fatal contest with Duke Hamilton. See Gent. Mag. Ini. p. 191.

EARL OF HARRINGTON.

289

were good, her person beautifal, and accoroplitliments taitable to her high birth, aod endowed ^ith an uncommon goodness of heart.

-a. Lady Isabella, bom April 4th, 1748, married Norember $7th, 1708, to the late Richard Molyneux,, Earl of Seflon.

3. Lady Emilia, bom May {Mtb, I749, married April l6th, 1767, lo Richard Earl of Barrymore (mother of the late and pre- sent Earik of Barrymore; of Augustus 5 and of Lady Caroline^ married to Count Melfort, a descendant of the Earl of Middleton)| ahd died in September 178O.

4. Lady Henrietta, bom October a6th, 1750, married March 15th, 1776, to Thomas, second Lord Foley.^

5. Charies, third Earl.

6. Henry Fitz-Roy. baptized, June 26tli, 1754$ formerly In the army. Married Miss Falconer, and has issue.

7. Lady A6na-Maria, bom April 5th, 176O, married by special licence at her mothcrshousc, in Curzon Street, 2d May, 1782, to Thomas Earl of Lincdn, afterwards Duke of Newcastle } by whom she J>ad issue the present Duke, &c. She married, second- ly, Colonel Craufurd, brother to Sir James Craofurd, Bart.

His Lordship died April Ist, I779» and was succeeded by Charles, the thikd and prbsbnt Eakl op HAaaiNOTotr, born March 20th, 1753, who married. May 22d, 1779, Jane, daughter and coheir i' of the late Sir Michael Fleming, of Brompton, in Middlesex, Bart, by wboin he has issur,

1. Charles, Viscount Petersham, born April 178I, Lieutenant- Colonel of the third West-India Regiment.

2. Lincoln Edward-Robert^ born 1782, Major of the l6th Light Dragoons.

3. Anna-Maria, born September 3d, 1783, married, 1808, the' Marquis of Tavistock.'

4. Leicester, born 1784, Captain Sixth Regiment of Dragoon Guards.

5. Fit^Roy, born 1788, Lieutenant First Regimept of Foot Gnards.

6. Franc!s> born ^78g, Captain 1 1th Regiment of Fool.

7. Henry, born 1790.

< Mother of the pretest Lord Foley.

k Her mother renuiTried the kite Lord Haiewoodj her eifltr aMrtitd Sir Hi* ebord Worsky.

' See a beaoUfol figure of her at t frootit^tce to iht Cottsctiott of PWaas^ cmitlid TV XfTf {fXfw.

▼OL. IT. ,W

ago PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

8. Caroline, 'bora 1791-

9. Charlotte- Aagutta^ bom 1792.

10. Augustus, born 1?94."

HU Lordship is a Privy Counsellor, G^eoeral in the Afmf^ «id Colonel of the first Regiment of Life Guards. He is also Com-' Toander in Chief in Ireland.

TUles. Charles Stanhope, Earl of Harrington, Viscount Pe« terfiham, and Lord Harrington.

Crtations. Baron of Harrington, itn com. Northampt, bj le(« ters patent, November 20th, 1 729, 2 Geo. IL ; Viscount Peter- sham, and Earl of Harrington, February 9ch, 1741-2, 16 Geo. II.

jirms. Quarterly, Ermine and Gules, a crescent on a cresc^it for ^fference.

Crest. On a wreatb> a tower, Aznre, with a demi-lion ram* plant issuing firom the battlements, Or, holding between his paws a grenade firing, proper.

Supporters* On the dexter side, a talbot guardant Argent, gutte de poix. On the ainister, a wolf ermiaois, each supporter gorged with a gariand or chaplet of oak, Vert, fructed. Or.

Motto, A Dbo bt Rbgk.

Ckirf Seats. At Elvaston, co. Derby $ and at Gawawbrtb, im com. P^. Cest

"* Tke Hon. Major Charies Stanbope of the 5«tli Regimentf who fell glorto«tlf at the battle of Comana, Jaauary 16th, 1 8o9t wai iecond aon of Eu 1 Stanhope.

WALLOP EARL OF PORTSMOUTH, 2^1

WALLOP EARL OF PORTSMOUTH.

At the time of the conquest^ four brothers, Englisbmcn,* arc mentioned, inDomesday-book, to be possessors of Wallop in Hamp- ibire. And Camden, in his description of that county, make« this mention of the place, and of the family :^ The Test having taken into it a little river from Wallop, or more truly WeU-hop, that is, by interjyretation out of our forefathers languagCj a pretty well in the side of an hill, whereof that right worshipful fami/y of IVdllops, of Knights degree, dwelling hard by, took name. In 12 Henr}- II. William de Wallop « held one Knight's fee in Wilt- shire, of Humphery de Bohun } and in the reign of Henry IIL Geiard de Wallop, held ^ one Knight's fee in Wallop de vetcri Peoffamrnto, viz. whereof his ancestor had been enfeoffed in the lime of Henry I.

Nicholas Charles, Lancaster Herald in the reign of James I. who was an industrious and careful officer, and Augustine Vin* tent, Windsor Herald, a laborious antiquary, his cotemporary, have both left pedigrees of this family among their collections.

The first taken notice of by Vincent,® is Walter de Wallop, alias Welhop3 but 'Matthew de Wallop is at the head of the pe- digree drawn by Nicholas Charles.

This Matthbw de Wallop, on April 27th, 1203,s obtained a grant to him, and his heirs for ever, of the custody of the hoosc^ castle and gaol of Winchester^ with the lands of Wodecote, an^

* Jat Anglorum ab Antiqao, p. 8s. ^ BrlUQ. fiitt Eng. edic p. 262. '

c Lib. Nig. in Scacc. Wilti. ^ Teste de Neviil HanU in Sctcc.

« MS. in Offic. Arm. No. 130, p. 136. f MS. Sub. Mao. Nich. Charles, penet Com. dc Egmont. t Cirt. 5 Job. m. 7-

2g2 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND*

one hide of land in Ando^cr, with the appurtenances, and all other customs apd privileges thereunto belonging. In g John, the King^ grants to Matthew de Wallop, hb servant, 208 acres of fand in Wallop, which was Stfephen de Bendenges.

In 16 John, the King orders him to deliver » Nicholas de He- vill (who was in his custody at Winchester), to Robert de Gaugy. And in 6 Hetfry HI.*' .the Sheriff of the county of -Southampton had command to deliver to Matthew de Wallop, those lands which were in the King s hands in Wallop. He had issue,

John * de WaJlop, possQsor of Wallop, ann 1228.

In 8 Ef'.warvl I. the King grants'" and confirms to his beloved and faithful John de Wallop, three carucates and a half of land in Ballihaulis, and one carucate and a half of land in Balliotyre, to him and his heirs for ever, in satisfaction of Triginta Lihrata* rum Tepra, which he had granted him for his services, to hold of the King and his successors, by the service of one Knight's fee. As he had this grant of lands in Ireland, it is probable, he served in that kingdom : for our historians relate," that the Irbh rebel- led, and were every where troublesome at the latter end of the reign of Hepry 111.' and in the beginning of Edward I.

The said John de Wallop left issue, by ^ Mabel liis wife, two sons, Richard, who died without issue, and

Sir RoBEBT de Wallop, who, in 51 Henry III. was of such eminency, that he was appointed, with Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, Humphrey, Earl of Hereford, and other great men, to *' provide [as are the words of the statute], for the good state of the land, and namely, for certayn persons dysherited, havynge (hereunto fiill power of oar said Lord the Kynge, and the other Barons and Councellours, accordynge to the fourme wrytten and confyrmed in the letters general and specyal of the sayd Kinge> and the other aforenamed wyllinge to procede accordinge to the path of equytie, by the assent of the reverend father Othobone, deacon, cardynall of tancte Adrian, and legate of the Apostoliqoe See, and the nobleman H. of Almine [eldest son of Richard, King of Almain], havynge like power and anctoritie, &c."

The award they made, consisting of forty- three articles, be- tween the King and the Commons, was proclaimed in the castl^

. * Claiis. 9 Joh. m. 4. I Pat. 15 Joh. m. 11.

^ CkMM. 6 Hen. III. m. 18. l Ex Stemmtte perNic Charkt.

« Cart. 8 E4w. I. n. 84. " Cox's l|iit, of IreUnd, f. 71.

« Nkk. Cfaarkfl pr«d.

EARL OF PORTSMOUrH. 293

of Kenilworth, the day before the calends of November^ \266, 51 Henry III.?

This Sir Robert de Wallop died in 1 1 Edward I.^ leaving an only daughter and heir, Alice> the wife of Peter de Barton, Lord of West Barton, in the county of Southartjpron^ who had issue by her.

William de Baiton, bis son and heir, found 'grandson and heir of the said Sir Robert Wallop, in 1 1 Edward I. and was dead \6 Edward T. for then Richard his son and heir (who assumed the name of Wallop), was in ward to Joan his relict, who wai daughter and heir of Herbert Denmede, by Alice his wife, daugh- ter of Richard Breton, who was thirty years of age at the death of his father William Breton, who died in 21 Edward I. And the said Richard Breton leaving issue William, and he John, who died in 17 Richard II. leaving Alice, his only daughter and heir, married to Walter Hacket, of the county of Southampton, and dying without issue by him, the said Joan (wife and relict of WiUiam de Barton), was heir to the family of Breton, as Den- mede.

This Joan was, secondly, • wife of Robert Stratfield j but I do not find siie had an/ other issue than Richard, her son before- mentioned, who took the name of Wallop from his grand- mother.

Which Richard de Wallop was returned ^ one of the Knights for the county of Southampton, to the Parliament held in 2 Ed* ward III. at Salisbury ; and ^ it is observable, this Parliament did not meet above sixteen days ; and the Knights for the county ttf Southampton, are not mentioned among the writs for their en-' penies : which Mr. Prynn attributes to the clerk's neglecting to enrol them.

In 3 Edward III. he, and John de Grymstede, were tetumed for the said county,* and had their expenses allowed) first in the Parliament held at Salisbury, and from thence adjourned to West- minster, where they sat only eleven days, froni the 1 0th to tb€i 22d of February. His wife was Alice, daughter of Sir John Htuee» of Beechworth castle, in com. Surrey, Knt. uster and heir to Ro- ger Husee, her brother, according to Mr. Charles; but Mr. Vin- cent mentions her to be daughter of Roger Husee, who had

P Stat. 51 U. III. 4 Charles and Vincent, pned.

^ Ibid. • Ibid. t Prynn's Bre?ia Pari. Vol. I. p. So.

« Ibid. Vol. IV. p. 87> 88, 89.

X Prynn*! Breria Pari* Vol I. p. I02> 103.

294 PBERAGE OF ENGLAND.

summons to Parliameot among the Barons in the reign of £d> ward III. and without doubt. Sir John Husee, the father of the said Roger, was of the same stock,, with others of the name, who were also Barons, and descended from Geffrey de Hoscc^ in the reign of King Stephen. The issue of the said Richard and Alice de Wallop were, three sons; Thomas, Johp, and Richard.

John Wallop was one of the members ^ for Wilton in the Par- liacnetot of 21 and 22 Edward III.

Of Richard Wallop, I £nd that in 1405, he' was in such esteem with William of Wickam, Bishop of Winchester, and fx>rd Chancellor, that he lefl him a legacy in his last will and testament. In 1 Henry V. he was <^ODe of the Justices of the quorum, in the county of Southampton i and one ^ of the Justices of the gaol-delivery at Winchester. And in 2 Henry V.^ with five of the greatest note in the county of Southampton, were com- missioners to inquire into the sect of the Lollards, and other con- venticlers in that county, acting contrary to tlie faith of the Ca- tholic church. In Q Henry V. he and Sir Richard Brocas <* were returned Knights for the county of Southampton, to the parlia- ment then held, Milites Gladiis Cincti, as the indenture specifies; . -which shews he was knighted before that year.

Thomas Wallop, the eldest son, married^ in l6 Edward III. Margaret, daughter of Wellington. He died on No- vember 27th, 35 Edward III. seised of the manofs^of Soberton, Wilberton, Over Wallop, and Nether- Wallop, in com. South- ampton, leaving John, his son and heir, of the age of eight years.

Which John was one of ^the members for Salisbury, in the Parliament held in 2 Henry IV. and died ^ l6 Henry VI. He had issue by Avice his wife, daughter of John Buch,

Thomas Wallop, his heir, who was one * of the Knights for

the county of Southampton, in 2 Henry V. and by marriage

with ^ Margaret, daughter and coheir of Nicholas Valoynes,

' Lord of Farley, and Clidesden, in com. Southamp. had issue four

sons.

JoHNj his eldest son, succeeded his grandfiither, and was also

7 Prynn, Vol. IV. p. xi66. » l^xResitt. Anyidd, p. 219. inf. Lamb.

• Pat. I Hen. V. p. i. * b ibid. p. 2. m. 36.

e Pat. a Hen. V. p. 1. * Prynn, Vol. I. p. ia8.

• Nic. Charles, prsed. f Esc. 36 Edw. III. p. a. n. 76.

S Prynn, Vol. IV. X019. »» Charlet, prwl.

* Prynn, Vol. I. p. «i. k Vuiution of Hampshire.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. %gs

pofsesaed of tl^ manore of Farley^ and Clidetdcn^ the estate of the Valojnesy as he'vr to his mother. The manbr house of Farlej was a ooble large stmctore, and the seat of > Sir William de Va- lo/oes (io the reigo of Heory III.) who had issue John d« Va* lojneS) and he another Joho^ the father of Nicholas, who left issoe Margaret, his daughter and heir baforementioned*

Jchn Wallop being possessed of the manor-house of Farkf, msde it his chief residence, as it was of his descendants, till it was burnt in l66j} and was rebuilt in 1738, by Joha, first Earl of Portsmouth. This John Wallop was Sheriff of the .county of Southampton in 33 Heory Vl."^.as also in the 1st year of Ed- ward IV. And in the 12ih year of that King ^ was chosen with Sir Maurice Berkley, Knights for the said county, in the parlia* roent then held. He was buried in the dtanoel of the church o€ Fark^,^ where there is yet renoaining 9 tomb erected to his me* mory, corered with black marble, eahibiting the figures of a gentleman and his wife in the habit of the times, engraved 00 brass, with labels proceeding out of their mouths. But the in- icrtption, and all the brass plates, were taken away in the time of the civil war, when the house of Farley was made a garrison for the parliament. And the church of Farley being in a very ruinous condition, was rebuilt by the said Earl of Portsmouth. The said John Wallop, Esq. had to wife Joan,? daughter of Richard Holte, of Colrythe, in com. Southamp. Esq. by whom he had issue three sons}^ Richard, Robert, and Stephen; also two ' daughters | Margery, wife of John Kirby, of Stanbridge; and Margaret, of John Vaux, of Odyam ; both, in the county of Southampton, Esquires.

RiCHABO Wallop, Esq. the eldest son, was Sheriff* of tbo county of Southampton, in 17 Henry VII. and the same year was one of the principal gentlemen of that county^ certified to the King, to have estate sufiBcient to be one of the Knights of the Bath, which were to be made at the marriage of Prince Arthur, the Kings eldest son ; but he had not that hcHiour conferred on him, dying about that time, as should seem by the will of Elixa** beth his wife," who was daughter and coheir of — Hamptott, of Old Stoke, in com. Southamp. Esq.

J Vincent and Charles. <■> FoUcr*t Worthies in cod. Com. p. i^

" Pr>nn, Vol. I. p. ia8. • Es Regist. H^en, qu. 35.

P Vincent and CharUt. 1 Ibid. ' Ibid. .

• Fuller, p. 15. t MS. Mot. B. 5. in Bibl. Job. Anttii, Aim.

■■ Vincent*

990 PJBXRAGE OF BNGLAND.

The said Elizabeth, bj her last will and testameot, bearing date September lOtb, 150S,* orderi her bodj to be bcuried in the pa« rith church of Farlej, near the sepulchre of Richard Wallop, Esq. . her late husband. She bequeathed, to the maintaining the lights and other ornaments in the churches of Farlej and Old Stoke, such mone7 as should arise by the sale 6i one hundred sheep ^ and was a benefactress to the churches of St. Michael Basingstoke, Over- Wallop^ and several other churches} and bequeaths a legacy to Gyles, son of Stephen Wallop, to provide for his being brought op a priest.

To the said Richard Wallop, Esq. succeeded,

RoBsaT, his next brother and heir, who was afWwards knighted^ and was Sheriff of the county of 7 Southampton, in the 1st, 7th^ and 13th of Henry VII. In 5 Henry VTIII,* was nomi- nated, by Act of Parliament, as one of the most discreet persons. Justices of the peace (as the words of the act are), for assessing and collecting a subsidy of l63/X)0l. by a Poll-Tax. He made his will on August 22d, 1529; but he did not die till six years after, as should seem by the probate thereof, which boars date June l6th, 1535.

• He thereby ordered his body to be buried in the church of Farley, within the chancel, next to his father^s tomb; and be- queathed to the mother church of St. Swifhin's, 10s. ; and 20s. more, because he was a brother of the chapter-house there. And according to the custom of the times, left l^cies to several churches, and the issues and profits of his manor of Cliddesdeo, to charitable uses, for the space of twenty years, having for that end (as declared in his will), settled it in feoffees, by deed, bearing ' date April 7th, 15 Ip.

The residue of the profits of the said manor of Cliddesden, he b^ueaths to Rose his wife> or her executors, to dispose* of in . deejds of mercy and charity, without any account. He likewise bequeaths to her all his debts, goods, &c. and makes her lole executrix, without any overseer. He bequeaths to Oliver Wal- lop, his nephew, and his heirs, all his lands and tenements in Andover; concluding that he wrote his will with his own hand, and that at his request the Bbhopof Durham, John Sackfield, William Roper, and other persons of note, subscribed their names thereto, to prevent disputes.

a Ez Resitt. Holgmre, qu. 3S. 7 Fuller, p. 15,

« Roc. Pari. Aa. 5 Ic 6 Hen. VlU. Dono 31.

• £z Regitt* Hogoi^ qo, 35.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. v apT

TItts Sir Robert Walk>i) ^ leaving no issne, the estate devolved on his nephew and belr^ Sir John Wallop, son and heir of Stephen Wallop, youngest son of John Wallop last-mentioned.

Which Stbphbk married « daughter of Hngh Ashley,

of Wyroburn St. Giles, in Dorsetshire, the ancestor of Sir An- thony Asbky, of the same place, whose daughter and heir, Anne, was wife of Sir John Cooper, father by her of Anthony, the first earl of Shaftesbury. And from this ^ marriage proceeded three sons; Sir John Wallop, beforementioned ; Sir Oliver Wallop, ancestor to the now £arl of Portsmouth ; and ^ Gyles, a priest.

Sir JoHW Wallop was greatly distinguished for his martial ex- ploits and prudent conduct in several embassies. In the 3d of Henry VIII. Sir Edward Poynings was sent' with 1500 archers to the assistance of Margaret, Dutchess of Savoy, Regent of the Low Countries $ and it is probable Sir John Wallop was in that expedition, and there received the honour of Knighthood ; for be was not long after on an embassy to the said Regent, and he was knigfa|ed before that time. In 4 Henry VIII. I 'find htin,s t>y the title of Sir John Wallop, in that fieet which in the month of March sailed to Brittany, when iir Edward Howard, Lord Ad- miral, resolved to board six gallies of the French under Prior John, in the harbour of Brest. Sir Edward Howard was attended by four choice Captains, this ^Sir John Wallop being one of them ; but through an excess of valour, the Admiral lost his life. Sir John Wallop and the rest escaping very narrowly. In 1513, he was employed^ on extraordinary dbpatches to Margaret, Bdtchessof Savoy, regent of the Low Comitries, before the Kicg's expedition into France, who that year took the castle and city of Toumay, at which it is probable he assisted.

In 6 Henry VIII. he was Admiral and Commander in chief of the fleet ^ sent to encounter Prior John, the French Admiral, who landed in Sussex, and burnt the town of Bright helmstone. Bat the French getting into their own ports, he sailed to the coast of Normandy, and there landed and burnt tweiMy-one, vil- lages and towns, with great slaughter, and also the ships and boats in the havens of Treaport, Staple, &c. livherein he acquitted him-

^ VinceDt and Charkc. c ibid. ^ Ibid.

c £z Regiit. H9lgrave. qu. 38.

f Herbert't Life of Heory VUl. m Hitc. of Engl. Vol IL p. 7.

S Stow^SsAonalt, p. 492, and Halt's Chron. p. 226.

^ Herbert pned. p< 13. ' Slrjpe*t Memorials, Vol I. p* 3» 4.

k HalTs Chrofi. p» 47.

a^ PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

•elf with Kich conduct and valour^ that all oar hMtonaps have mentioned tbU expedition moch to hi$ honoar.

Hall (who Inred at that tiipe)^ writes,' Thai men marvelkd at his enterprites, considering he had at the most hut 800 men, and landed them so often. Tbe Lord Herbert writes," <' That Sir Jchn Wallop burnt divers ships, and one and*twenty villages, landing nianj times in despight of tbe Frencb> which seemed tbe more strange, that bis soldiers exceeded not 800 men.*' In Q Henrjr VllL this very honourable mention is made of him in the history of Portugal. :» '" John Wallop, an English gentleman of worth, afterwards Governor of Calais, came into Portugal, offer- ing to serve in Africk on his own expense. He served two years at Tangier honourably, and then returned hamei having received the order of Knighthood of Christ, aud other considerable favours* and continued always a great favourer of the affairs of Portugal.** In 14 Henry VIII. he was ^one of the principal commanders c£ that fleet and forces ^ hich landed in Brittany on July 1st, and took the town of Morlaix by assault; and was with those who first entered the town« ' where the soldiers had great pillage, and , returned to tbe Isle of Wigh^ before the end of that month. He was also the same year p in that expedition into France under tbe Earl of Surrey, who, after several towns and villages, left this Sir John Wallop,^ one of the chief Captains, worthy of the best praise (as observed by Hall beforementioned), at St. Omers, with 19OO men, to lie there, and at Guysne, Hammes, and at Mark, where he did good service by spoiling of towns, taking of prisoners, &c. Jn 15 Henry VIII. he was with the Duke of Suffolk at the tak- ing of Bray, Roy, and Montidier, in France } where the forces under his command performed such services^ by their courage and activity, that the camp was frcqtiently supplied with horses, victuals, and other necessaries. As our historians* write, thej are called Jdventurers, all proper men and hardy ; having, aa noy author saith,* little or no wages, but ly their manhood and paB^ ^ichs took great booties, and brought to the army all netessanes, )n 16 Henry VjII. he was still in those parts, and with his band

1 Hairt Cbron, p. 47, " Hi^t. of Fng. Vol. II. p. 21.

n Httt. of Portugal by Eman. de Faria y Sousi, translated by J. Stephens,

o Hill, p. I bo. HoUinshed. p. 873-4. ^ \h\d, p. 103.

% Martin't Hist of K. Henry VIII. p. 396. r Stew's Annals, p. 511.

» Ibid, and Hoi iotbed. t Ha0, p. 118.

1

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. ogg

of nieti perfonued extnordinaiy semces against the French/ whom with great valour they defeated io the month of May at ScNner de Boys. Afterwards, this Sir John Wallop, and Sir Wil- liam Fits- Williams, Captain of Guysoes, with 1900 chosen men, ^ Mid-^sommer day, passed the Low-Conbtry of Picardy unto the ca^le of Hardingbamj which they assaulted ; and Sir John WaIlop» with his men, entered the ditch, and setting up ladders to the walls, some cHmbed up, but were repulsed. And the French coming up with 2000 horse and 2000 foot, the Engliili, being weary, retired in good order to their fortresses.

In 18 Henry Vlli. the King sent him not only to the * Princet of Germany, to exhort them to join against the Turks, but also to y Mary Queen of Hungary, to comfort her for the loss of her Jiusband; adding withal such a supply of money, as might testify his zeal to that cause was greater than theirs, who by kindred and neighbourhood were more concerned therein. The year after be was with Sigismund King of Poland, to animate him to joio again«t the Turks-, which King,^ in his letter to Thomas Wolsey, Archbishop of York, styles him the magnificent Sir John Wallop, great Mareschal of Calais. In 20 Henry VIII. he obtained * the office of Ranger of the park at Ditton, and Steward of the manor, for life; and on June 23d, 22 Henry VIII. was ^constituted Lieutenant of the castle of Calais. In 25 Henry VIII. I find him ^ambassador to Francis I. the French King, and continuing at that court. Anno 1535,<* he was ordered to expostulate with the French Monarch, for givmg his advice to the Germans to owa the supremacy of the Bishop of Rome, and to shew him the book wrote against it by Dr. Samson, Dean of thm chapel to Hen. VIII. and to incline him to the King's opinion in ecclesiastical afiaira. Also was ordered to attend the French King at his interview with the Pope at Marseilles, who then noarried his niece to the Duke cf Orleans. Secretary Cromwell in a letter to him,^ dated at Thoraeberry, August 23d, 1535, thus expresses himself:

" The King having perused the hoole contents thoroughly of your letters, perceivying not only the 4iklihood of the not repayr into France of Philip Melancton, but also your commnnicatiooa had with the French King's Highness, upon your demaund made of the Kynges Majesties pensions, with also your discrete answen

» Hall, p. la;. » Herbert ot antea, p. 79. 7 Ibid

* Rymer'a Foedera, torn. XIV. p. 196. * Bill. Sign, to Heoiy VIII.

t» BiJl Sign. 22. Henry VIII. < Strype^s Memorials, Vol. I. p. 152

d Ibid. p. 225. • Strype*8 Apptndix, p. 16^.

300 FEERAGE OF ENGLAND. -

and repUcttiont made io that behalfe, for the which his Majettie girethe onto yoa coodigne thanks^ &c.** In the same year, he bad a ^ grant of the ad?ow8on of the parish church of Obbyrkirk, io the Marches of Calais ; and was ordered to propose,* to the French King, the conditioos concerning a revocation of the cen* tores inflicted by the POpe on his Royal Master : and to treat of a marriiage between the Doke of Angonlesme, the French King's third son, and the Princess Elizabeth. He continued in Prance on his evbassy till 1537, when I find him *> summoned to attend at the chrbteoing of Prince Edward on October 15th, that year, and being of the King's Privy Chamber, was one wliich supported a rich canopy over the prince at that grand solemnity. Also the same year, he was ^ in nomination for one of the Knights of the Garter. In 30 Henry VIII. io ^ consideration of his services, he bad a grant of the priory of Barlich, in com. Somers. and the manors of firampton, fiury, and Wariey. in the same county ; and the manor of Morebach, in Devonshire, to him and bis heirs. In 32 Henry VIII. he^ was again in France on an embassy; where he conhnued till a war broke out with that realm. And on April 23d« St. George's Day, 35 Henry VIJI. was at a chap- ter of the most noble Order of the Garter, the first named in the list of Knights, by all the companions present ; and had more votes than the Vise. Lysle, Lord St. John and Lord Parr, who were then chose, though the King did not then declare lum etected. The same year, on a treaty concluded with the Empe- ror Charles V. whereby the King was obliged to assist him in defence of his dominions in Lower Germany against the King of Frances his Majesty ibeing well assured (as the words of- the pa- tent import), of" the fidelity, prudence, and experience, of bis trusty and well^beloved counsellor Sir John Wallop, Captain and Governor of the castle and a)onty of Guysnes, constitutes him Captaia-Getieral and Leader of the forces to be employed accord- ing to the said treaty, with full power to give battle and annoy all the enemies of the said Emperor : and was authorised, as he saw expedient, to punish all under his command, even with death itself: likewise to reward all as should well deserve, with Knight-

f BiJ!. Sign. 27 Henry VIII. f Hfrbcit pntd. p. 179.

h Strype, Vol.11, p. 3,4. 1 Aottii't Regist. of the Order of the Garter, Vol. II. p. 407. . k Ptt. 30 Henry VIII. ^ 1 Strype, Vol. I. p. 365.

-n Aiisti»'i Regiit. p. 425, 426, n Par. 35 Henry VIII. p. 16- m. 24,

1

BARL OF PORTSMOUTH. Ml

bood, and such military honoari and marks (^distinction as he thought fir.

He landed at Calais^ an. 1543, and marching® from thence, between the frontiers of France and the. Low Coontries, did much spoil on the enemy^ till he joined with the Emperor's forces be- fore Landrecy> then besieged : whereof the French King being advertised; resolved to relieve it. Hereupon the two great armies being near each other, it was expected a battle would ensue; but the French in the night dislodged secretly, and retired. After which, the Emperor continued the siege till towards the midst of November, when he marched (without taking the town), to Cambray, and possessed himself thereof.

On Sir John Wallop*s return the same year, he was elected Knight of the Garter, at a chapter of that most noble Order at Hampton-Court,^ especially called on Christmas-Eve. And as a specid mark of the Kiog*s favour. Sir John Wallop^ had his robes of the Order out of the King's Wardrobe, when he was in- stalled; viz. 'Mail 18th, 1544. Mr. Ashmole, who wrote the His* tory of the Knights of the Order of the Garter, did also intend to write the History of the Lives of that most noble Order; but his design * being represented (as he complains), through the wrong mid of the perspective, by the Chancellor of the Order, to King Charles the second, and the Knights Companions, he received so great discouragement,^ as caused him to wave it. In his Collec- tions, this Sir John Wallop is mentioned to have been Ambassador to the Emperor, to the Kings of France, Portugal, Hungary, and . Fbhusd. Sir John was twice Commissioner with the Lord Cob* bam, and others, for delivering of hostages, in Edward the Vl.'t time, concerning the treaty of Valloigne, The last commission I find him in, was on November l6th, 1550, when he was the first named to * hear and determine all controversies relating to the titles of lands and possessions, lordships and territories, as well withib the King's limits, as within the French King*s, on the MardiesofCalab.

' It appears by several circumstances^ that he was abroad in the King's service at the death of Henry VIH. and Jn the reign of Edward VI. having the sole command of our forces for4he de-

• Herbert, pradt p. 139. P Aasdt*i RtfiK. p. 427^ 428, 429.

9 MS. ia BiU. Cotton. Julii, F. 11. ' Asttit, P. 452.

• Hist, of the Garter, p« 643. > Lifff of the Koifbtf of tKe Garter, MS. in Bibl. AiiMoI* No* 11 17* • Strype, Vol II. ^ 174.

M4 PEEIAGB OF ENGLAND.

Grioe shall rewarde joar ncke servaaate, that is sorry he bath tm longer life to serve yoar Highness."

This Sir John Wallop had (wo wites: first ^Elisabetb, relict of Gerald, son of Thomas Earl of Kildare^ and daughter of Sir Oliver St. John, of Lidiard Tr^ose, in eooi. Wilts, Knt. ances- tor to the piesent Visooont Bolingbroke $ and to his second wtie, 4 Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Clement Harleston^ of Okinden, in com. Fssex, Knt. She survived him, as mentioned in his will; but leaving; no issue, bis estate devolved on his brother and heir.

Sir OLiraa, who for his conduct and bravery in the great battle of Musselboroogh,« September lOtlh 1547, had tbe honour of Kotghibood conferred on him, aa September 27tb, in the camp of Roxborough, by the Do ke of Somenet, General of the Army. And had livery of the manor of Bury and Barlich, in 6 Edw. VI. by the decease of Elizabeth, the wife of Sir John Wallop. He was ^Sheriff of the county of Southampton in the latt year of Uoeen Mary ; and died in the 8th year of Queen Elisabeth. He married i wo wives $ first, Bridget, daughter s of ■— Pigot, of

Beechampton, in com. Bucks, Esq. by whom be had issue one daughter. Rose, married to ^Walter I^mbert, Esq and three sons } of whom Sir Henry Wallop succeeded to his estate.

WilKam, second son, was returned to parliament for * Lyming- ton in 18 Eliz. And on a moiiuroeot erected to bis memory in the church of Weald, in com. Soathampt. is tbc following in* acriptioo:

'' Here Iks fVUHam Wallop, Eiq. second sm of Sir Ohoer WiUlop, Km. Hit eldest brother was Sir Henrey Wklhp, iate Treasurer of Ireland : He was Nephew to Sir John Wallops Knt. who being Jirsi m gentleman of the PHvy- Chamber to King Henry , Bih, was (^Urwards Admkal of a Navy, and Capimn qf 1000 adveninrers against the French. He served against the Moors far the Kmg of Portugal} and was General of the EngBsh at the siege of Landrecy; He was sent Embassador to the King of Hungary, to NAPLES, to the Emperor Charles V. to Ferdkumdo Kmg of the Romans, and into France, ivhere hewas twice Lieger Ambas^ seder. He was Captain of the castle, and Marshall of the town of Calais, Lieutenant of the castle and county of Gmmes$ a

^ Cbarlct et Vittt. of Hamp. pned. « Ex Stem, de St. Joha.

' Charles ct Visit, pned. • Norn. Equit. in BibL Cotton. Claudius, c. 3-

f Fuller, p. 15. t Viocent tod Charles. ^ Ibidf

t Waltis*s Not. Par), in com. Sovthamp. MS.

EARL OP PORTSMOUTH. 305

Pru>jf'ComueUor of EsMe, nnd Knight of the most noble Order if the Gotifr,

" This frUliam was a Juftice of the Peace, once High Sheriff^ qf this county, and twice Mayor of Southampton : He had three wives^ but died without issue in the S4th year of his age; to whose memory his last wifk Margery, daughter of John Fisher, of Chih ton Candover, Esq. hath erected this monument.*'

ObHt 13 Die Novembr. Anno Domini 1617.

Leaving no issue, bis estate descended to his nepliew. Sir Henry Wallop, hereafter mentioned.

Richard Wallop, JSsq. third son, was seated at Bngbroke, in 000). Northamp. and married Mary, sister and coheir of Willijim Spencer, of Everton, in that coanty, Esq. bat this branch is now extinct ib the male line.

The said Sir Oliver Wallop had to his second wife,^ Anne, daughter of Robert Martin, of Athelbampston, in com. Dorset, Esq. and widow of Thomas^ son and heir of Sir John Tregonweli> of Milton- Abbas, in the said county, Knt. by whom he had issue two SODS, William and Stephen ; also two daughters, Anne and Grace j but no issue is remaining oi them.

Sir HiNRT Wallop, the eldest son of Sir Oliver, was distin- guished for his eainent abilities in the reign of Queen Elisabeth, who * knighted him at Basing, Anno \56q. He was chosen one of the members for the town of Southampton, "* to that Parlia- ment first holden at Westminster, May 8th, 1572, which conti* nued ^ near upon the space of twelve years $ viz. from May 8th befbreaieotidoed, to April 19th, 25th £li«. when it was db- solved.

This Sir Henry was a leading member in tlie house of Com* moDs; for in 1575, I find him appointed with all the Privy* Council of the house, the Lord Russell^ Sir Thomas Scott, and Sir Henry Grates, to meet in the Exchequer-Chamber, and agree touching the nature of the petition to be made to the Queen, on the modoQs Ux reformatioa of discipline in the church. And oa Friday, March gth, the Chancellor of the Exchequer reported her Majesty's answer to their petition. He was also» in the .^me session, especially appointed by the house of Commons, with Mr. Treasurer of the Household, Sir Christopher Hatton, CapUio of

^ Vincent and Charles. ^ C^r. of Knightt, MS. peoet meipi .

B Willis ut tnpra. a Dew*i JoiarmU of Pari. p. 277. • Ibid.

VOL. XT. X

306 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

ibe guards Sir Henry Ratcltff, Sir John Tfaynoe^ and Mven otben of the leading members, to confer with the Lords touching goch private bills in both houses, as upon their oonfereooe together, shall be thought fittest to be examined.

On March 18th, 1660, Mr. Cromwell reporti^ to the Con- mons P from the committee appointed to inquire into the retonia and defaults, noted upon the last calling of the house, that Folke Grevile, Esq. was returned for the town of Southampton, in the room of Sir Henry Wallop, Knt. being in the Queen's service; whereupon the house resolved, that it was an undue eleetiont and that Sir Henry Wallop should continue in his said plaoe.

On the rebellion in Ireland, he raised a company of 100 men, and went over with them to that kingdom. On April 4th, 1580>'i he came from Limerick to the Lord Justice, then beneging the castle of Asketten ; and on the surrender thereof, his company was garrisoned there. On August 14tb, the tatne year, he was constituted Vice-Treasurer, and Treasurer of war, in Ireland, aa appears from the inscription on his mooumeot in St Patrick's church, in Dublin.

The Lord Grey of Wilton resigning his government of Ireland, the latter end of August, 1582,^ he delivered the sword to Adam LoftuSj Archbishop of DuUin, Lord Chancellor, and Sir Heoiy Wallop, Vice-Tteasurer, and Treasurer of war in Ireland; whoan the €tueen afterwards constituted Lords Justices/ S^tember 1st, 1582. The Lord Ghr^ left the Administration to them at a time when the Spaniards had landed ^ in the kingdom, the paople dis* quieted, and the government not settled) yet as my author saith, " they both joining their wisdoms, services, ami good wills, were so blessed therein, that by them the land was reduced to some per^^ fection and quietness. The rebellion was qudled, and Goald Fitzgerald, Earl of Desmond^ who was at the head of it, aftar two years skulking in obscure places,^ was by a oommon soldier surprised, and afterwards executed.

Secretary Fenton, one much confided in by Qneoa Eliflibeth^ b said y to be a moth in the govemmenti of all the deputies of his time; and either be, or others, did some ill offices to Sir Henry

P Dew*t JoornalsofParl. p. 377. 4 Chroa. of Ireltni in Holfiotbed, Vol. I. p. 167. ' IbM. p. 177.

• Borbte*t Redact, of Ireltnd, p. 130. ^ Cox's Hlsr. of Irelsnd, p. 367.

■ Chron. of Ireland, p. 177. x Borliseprad.

7 Cox*i Hift. p. 389.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 307

Wallop ; who, in his letter to the Queen from Dundalk^ August llth, 1583^ lays it much to hearty that any rumour should ht spread to prejudice his integrity and reputation, and lessen him in the good opinion of her Majesty. Which letter contains such sentiments of honour and juscic^> and is such an addition to his character, that I shall here insert it :^

" It may please your Majesty, a rumour hath been raised not long since at Dublin (I know^ not how, nor by what particular person, but strongly confirmed fince the last passage out of Eng- land, neither doth your service now in hand upon this northern border sufifer me to examine it), that your Majesty conceived some hard opinion of me, from which your Highness is not yet removed; but what the oifcnce is, or how conceived, is neither by the reporters published, nor secretly revealed unto rac : and like as it is easy to judge what effects this may work in the ser- vice of your Majesty, or to a man in public ofBce as I am, in such a government as this is, where the obedience for the most is con- strained, and all reputation with the people either growing or diminishing, as your Majesty either graces or disgraceth your officers ; so how much this quiet burthen overpresseth my most devoted and dutiful mind towards your Majesty, I feel to my ex- ceeding grief and discomfort. In examining myself in what root this your judgment should spring, I confess. Madam, I have viewed in myself many imperfections, some in nature, others, perhaps, for lack of ability and sufficiency to be a co-operator or an assistant in so great and so ticklish a government and charge, into which not ambition in me, but your Majesty's will and com- mandment, hath intruded me. But in all that my memot)' can hitherto present onto me, I find my loyalty in your service, and. my sincerity in employing your Majesty's treasure according to your intent, so unspotted and direct, as I cannot but comfort my- self in opposing my innoccncy to the envy of the informer, or to any other his hard cotistruction whatsoever : yet since in general cODsideration, I cannot feel such a particular error, as might settle in your Majesty's grave judgment an ofilcnce meriting your dis&vour, I am most humbly to beseech your Majesty, that by knowing my fault I may either purge myself by a just denial, or by confessing it crave pardon of your Highness, and reform myself. If therefore it shall stand with your Majesty's good

s Cabala, p. 391.

308 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

pleasure^ to declare it to my honourable good friend, Mr. Secre- tary Walsiugham, commaodiDg bim to charge me with it, I will thereupon simply answer, even as before the Lord God, without concealing any matter of truth in any wise, for my own defence. Thii grace the sooner I shall obtain, the apter I shall be found for your other services, from which I find myself distracted, because the end of my travels is none other but to purchase that grace and favour, which I may now fear to be alienated from me, till my ca^se be better explained. And so I humbly end, praying the LORD to bless you with a long and prosperous reign.

Your Majesty's most humble servant and subject. At your town of Dundalk, Henry Wallop."

Aug. 11, 1583.

The answer to it I don t find, the deeds and writings of this family being destroyed in that fire, in 1667, at Farley, before- mentioned. But in a letter from the Queen to Sir Henry Wal- lop, and the Lord Chancellor, Lords Justices, dated January 3l8t following, informing them that she had appointed Sir John Perrot, Knt. Lord Deputy, and requiring them to administer the oath to bim on his arrival,* her Majesty thus expresses herself. Meaning nozv no longer to burthen you with such a charge, wherein you have, according to the trust imposed in you, very wisely behaved yourselves, greatly to our contentation, we have chosen, Isfc.

Whilst they were Lords Justices, a famous combat was fought before them in the court of the castle of Dublin, and as it may entertain my readers, 1 iball give a short account thereof.^ Two near kinsmen of the noble family of the Oconnors, had charged each other with sundry treasons in the late rebellion, and desiring a trial by combat, the Ixjrds Justices consented to "it. Whereupon all things being prepared, according to the customary laws in •uch cases in England, and the Lords Justices, the Lords of the Council, Judges, &c. sitting in places, every one according to their degree, the appellant, stripped in his shirt, was brought be- fore the court, with only his sword and target (the weapons ap- pointed) and when he had done his reverence to the Lords Justices, and the court, was set on a stool ; the defendant was likewise brought in the same order, and with the like weapons, and after doing his reverence, &c. was placed over-against the appellant. After the challenge was read, each combatant took an oath of

• Cibali, p, 336. k Chron. of Ireland, piowJ. p. i8«.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTHT. 30(j

what he averred, and that it was true, and would justify the same both with sword and blood. Then the signal, by sound of trum- pet, being given them to engnge, the appellnut did not only dis- arm the defendant, but alto with the sword he took from him, cut off his head, and on the point thereof presented it to the Lords Justices, who thereupon acquilted him.

Sir John Perrot who succeeded Sir Henry Wallop, and the Archbishop of Dublin, took his oath as Lord Deputy,'' June 26th, 1594. He was, by his instructions, ordered*^ to consult the council for the management of the government -, and, when on his progress, he came to Molinger, he sent, July l<5th, 1584, a cvpher to Dublin, to the Archbishop and Sir Henry WaHop,« whereby they might underttaild his letters, and be unintelligible to the rebels, if they should intercept them j by which it appears that they were still in his absence nt the head of ntfairs«

In the Irish Parliament which met in 1585, Sir Henry Wallop was principally concerned in passing the act. Thai all conveyances made by any person attainted within thirteen yfars, should h^ entered on record in the Exchequer, within a year, or be void. This act did not pass the houses without great difficulty, and per- haps had not passed at all, saith Sir Richard Cox,*" if a pretended feoffinent had not been produced, to prevent the Earl of Des* mond's forfeiture. But Sir Henry Wallop discovering the fraud, and producing the association signed by the said Karl, two months bcftjTc the said feoffment, the honest part of the house was ashamed to abet so ill a cause, and so the act was made to prevent the like contrivances. On April 26th, 1587, he^ was commissioned, with others, to dispose of the forfeited estates in Ireland, and their warrants to the Chancellor to be sufficient for passing pa- tents accordingly: in which commission Sir John Perrot, the I.ord Deputy, being in disgrace at court, was left out.

Sir Henry Wallop coming aAerwards into England, Queen Eli- sabeth in 1591,^ honoured him with a visit at his seat at Farley- Wallop, where her Majesty and her court were sumptuously entertained for some days. William Lord Burghley, Treasurer, writes to Sir Henry Unton, Knt. her Majesty's Ambassador in France, and dates his letter, ' From the Courte at Syr Harry Wallops, near Basyng, Thirteenth of September, One Thousand

« BoHase, p. 139. 4 Cabala, p. ^57. « CoxVHis. p. 370.

f Coz't Hist p. 384. K Ibid. p. 395.

» Rymer'f Feed. Vol XVI. p. lao.

310 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND

Five Hundred Ninety one •/ concluding, * My Lord Chancellor was looked for to Morrow^ but I doubt be will not come but to Oatland^ about the 22 of this Moueth."

On January 5th, 1595, he, with Sir Robert Gardiner, Lord Chief Justice,^ were commissioned to conclude a peace with the fanoous Tyrone, and the Irish rebels ; both persons of gravity and amduct, as Camden has observed,*^ The treaty was very solemn $ 9II the Irish potentates giving in their petitions and complaints, related at large by Morison, in his Account of the Affairs of Ire- land, p. 113.

On Jane I2th, 1595,^ he was constituted one of the Commifr^ sioners for propagating the province of Munster, in Ireland, with English inhabitants, and for compounding with the possessioners of lands in the said province; having, as the commission expresses, been employed in the same service for three years before. I don't find him in any other commissons; but he continued of the Privy* Council, and in the office of Vice-Treasurer, and Treasurer of war in Ireland, till his death, which happened at Dublin, April 14tb, 1599.

His integrity and conduct in the plantation of Ireland, with English inhabitants, are evident from several authorities. Ho first made a purchase,*" March, 1584-5, of a lease of the abbey of Eniscorthy, as also of the castle and manor, with the lands thereto belonging, in the county of Wexford, which, with the Other lands he obtained, are of a considerable extent, and largp jurisdiction } and are now possessed by his lineal heir, the present Earl of Portsmouth. Queen Elisabeth, in the 24th year of her reigi^*^ granted the premises to Edmond Spenser,^ paying An- nually 3001. 6s. 4d. and maintaining it in continual repair. Edmond Spenser, by indenture of December pth, 158 1. conveys them to Richard Synot, wbo,P on December 3d, 25 Eliz. ob* tained a grant from the Queen of the said lease for forty years, in reversion after Spenser's leasee and on March 8th, 27 Elizabeth, conveys it to Sir Henry Wallop, then Treasurer of war in Ire- land.

Sir Henry Wallop on May 11th, the same year, had a Please

i Cox*s Hist. 408.

k Life of Queen Eliz. in Hist, of Engl. Vol. II. p. 5S8.

1 Rymer*t Foed. torn. 16. p. 376.

>* Ez Origin, penes pnehon. Job. com. Portsmouth. " Ibid.

o Edmond Spenser, the Poet.

P Ez Origin, pcsct prxhon. Job. com. Portsmovth. 9 Ibid.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 311

of the Bishop of Fernes's land 5 and in 28th Elizabeth, purchased lands of DMtnont Mac Morishe^ and three of his brethren^ in the coaiUy of Wexford. Also in 2q Elizabeth^ he made purchases of a lease of the priory of Selker^ in com. Wexford^ and of lands in several towns there. And was so prudent .a noanager^ that he was greatly honoured and esteenaed for his public spirit, exemplary justice, and excellent conduct; as the following letter shcws^ signed by Hugh Bishop of Femes^ and twenty-nine gentlemen of the county of Wexford, all who were then resident there.'

** Right Worshipftill, " Oar humble Duties remembred. It hath been geven out of late by Reporte, that your Worship was to deall with Morgan Mac Brien, and the rest of his Sept, for his and theire Lands in the Barrony of St, Molyns, and elsewhere^ and that your Inten* tloQ was to plaate Habytation there, as you have ah^dy done about Enesoorthie. At the first Rep<nt whereof all Wee the Gentlemen and fnhabytantt of this poore Countie of Wexford^ did not a iyttle Rejoice^ hoping that by that Meanes^ We should not only lyve in better Seourytie, then We have done hetherto, but that also, those lands lyeing now altogether wast, might in a short Time, by your Worship*s Countenaunce and good PoUicie be peopled, and geve Relief espec3rallie to the poore Towen of Rosse, and to the whole Countrey, which is not a lytic decayed throughe the Dissolacion of these Parts. But being now geven to understande tliat your Worship having viewed the same upon the Ofier made unto you by Morgan, and considared of the Dif« ficulties which arise in some Conditions between your Worship and him, and otherwise, doth determine to proceede no further in the Matter, we have bene greatlie grieved and dismaid, to see so good a Purpose broken, of which we hoped to have seen brought to passe to the anivertal Good and Quiet of this Coun- trey, and of all this Fart of Leinster, and to your Worship's pcr- pctOBl Fame, as the Author of so great a Good : for when we consider the Benefyt which we all feele and rcceave alredie by yoor Worship's cominge amonge us, the Reliefe which innumer- able poor Creatures have had at your Hands by your Works, your Cattle and your Charetle, which otherwise would have starved and died for hunger j how this Border, which before your cominge was a very Denn of Thieves, and the chief Reccp-

r Ex Avtot* penes Joh. com. Portsmouth.

312 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

tacle of all the Malefactors of Leinsier, is now beoome so quiet and free from such Caterpillars, that no Cattel is booked io the Nights neere about Eoescortbie i and that the O|^ressions and Extorcioos wherewith the Poore were wont to be continuallj weied and eaten up by Officers, as well as idle Men, are now through your Authoritye and Countenaonce restrained and some- what bridled: Wee did assuredlie hope, that your Worship ex- tending your godlie Care throughout the whole Skirte and Border of this poore Countie, wohld (as yt were with a Wall of Defence) have inyironed Us from the Annoyance of any Enemies from henceforth, wherebie Wee might have enjoyed the Fruets of Peace and Tranquilly tie, purchased by your tender and £itherlie Care of the afflicted State of this poore Couutrey, and with no small Travell and Chardge also. Our Con^ence was that Justice which your Worship hath brought amonges os indeed, where before she was but a shewe, and her venerable Name used to the spoile and undoenge of most of us, sholde dwell and florishe ge- nerallie henceforthe amonges us. And that the good, and special Orders that you have alredie begun, and are in Hande to establish in that happie Comer of our Cootrey, wheie you have planted, ghold hav^ spredd themselves over the rest of the Borders, and so over the whole Contrey, and have reduced Us to our auncyent, paturall, and most desired Foorme 9Qd Manner of Lyvinge, ac» cording to the Use and Custome of Englaruie» from which, through the Libertie that idle Persons, not corrected, iiad t0 8p<Hl« us, and want of good Government and Rule, we are declyned and degenerate. But, ala^ all, or the greatest Part of our Expec- tation and hope is fay led, if your Worshipe do now breake of, and reverse that so good, and so beneficyalt a Purpose. « For al- though the Light of your upright Deallinge and 2^1e of Justice, do shine sufficientlie out of that Place to shew us the Waie of our bappie Estates, if We have Grace to acknowledge the Goodness of Almightie God towards Us in sendinge you aoiongst IJ9 : And that your Worship s Example wiU be a greate Meanes to induce others to foUowe your Steppes, and to stiy ve to wynn that Love* Reverence, and Commendadon, which you have gotten together, with the dailie and harte Praiere of all Pegrees of People in the whole Countrey : yet do Wee ceHenlye see and disceme, that un- less that Border may be established with the Pdlecie and Govern-^ ment as is devised for Enescorthie, and those Quarters, which cannot be done but by your Worship, or sgme man so well disposed 99 yourselfb^ an4 of Aucthorytie, Countenance, and Habilytie to

EARL OP PORTSMOUTH. 31$

go throttghe withall> it will be almost icnpo^ble but that tbe Cavanaoghes of that Se{>t, followinge tbeire wonted Manner of l.ief, and drawing to them idle Followers and MalefK^ton from other Places, will contynoallie be a Gaoll to this Coantrye, and an open Passage for aU the £vell disposed to annojr and infeale us still. Wee therefore whose Names are subscribed, do, with one CoDsent, hertelie and humblie praie and beseech your Wor« ship, that 3roa will vouchsaef. to hould on and persever in that IntenticD of takinge those Lands of Morgan Mac Brien, and his Sept, and planting theneof with such good Orders and Govenif- ments, as your Worship can well devise, for the inhabitioge thereof, as well to your own Coroodyte and Benefit, as to our Good and Quiet j wherein if any thing that Wee or any of Us can do to the Furtherance of so good a Purpose, may prevayle, your Worship shall be most assured to have our Endeavours to the utnoost of our Powers. Now is the Time to enterprize such a Thing, when your Worship have the wUliog Mindesand Con- sent of an that Sept : who» if they be now deverted from that Hope which they have conceived, that they maie, under the Jus- tice and Moderacton of your Rule, lyve and frame themselves to Goodness, no doubt but verie Necessetie and Desperacion will dryve them to Naughtiness, which naturalie, and by Kinde they are too much inclyned onto^ and that they will imploie all the lytde Force that is left them to do the most Mischiefe that they shall be hable. Whereas, if your Worship taking the Countrey at their Handes, shall build a strong Place at Svmalyns, and naatn- . taine some convenyent Force there; that on the one Side, and Bneseorihie on the other, will be as two finllwarks to yoake and keepe them under, and to bridle and chastize the doubtful Minds of those that shall attempt any £vell, wherein Wee should never need to loare anny more, or that they could be abU to disturbe the State and Quiet of this Countrey, as they have done; but rather hope that Example of well dispo^ People, labouring for their Lyving, and the Sweetness of enjoyeng tbeire own, by due Ad* ministration of Justice, would draw thera to that Goodness which otherwise there is no Hope of. And if haplie the Fear of en- vious Speeches may move your Worship to forbear this worthy Enterprize, jdbeyt the Cleemess of your Conscience, and the Treuthe yt selfe will alwaies be a Testimonie suffident of your godlie Zeale and sincere M/caninge, to do good by aU the Meanes you can to all Men : yet, for the better avoiding of such slaun- irous and malicious Reports (if anny should be so lewde as to

S14 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

devise them)^ our Testimonye shall bee alwaies readie to declare both to her Mi^tie (if need bee), and to all the World, that your Worship's Dooings in that Behalfe shall have beene nsost profitable for the Comoaonwealth, and iSytt for the Advannoe- inent of her Highnes's Senrice. And our incessant Praire shall be inapiored to Alnughtie Grod for the inclining your Hart to this good Action, and for the protecting and defending of yoor Wor- ship firom the Mallice of all envious and slaunderous Tounges broaching the same, and lor the happie Successe therein to yoor Worship and your Posterytie, and to all other your and theire Afiayres. And so we hnmblie take Leave the XXth of August 1587.

Your fVoTshippes Loving Frends

Hugo Femensis, ^c.

Sir Henry, on November 6th, \5Q7, obtained a grant for a market on Thursday, weekly, for the town of Eniscorthy, in con- ^deration, as the patent expresses,' That it was well inhabited and peopled by our trusty and welUbehved Sir Henry Wallop, Knt, and being a Place, both for Seat and Scituation, most com- moiRaus, In 30 Eiis. the Bishop of Femes, and the Dean and Chapter of that cathedral, granted him a ^ lease for ninety-nine years of all the lands in Cldyne, as also the fee-farm rent of the said lands. And Queen Elizabeth, at Greenwich, May 22d, l^go, in consideration of the faithful and acceptable services heretofore done, of her right trusty and well- beloved Counsellor Sir Henry Wallop, Knt. Treasurer of wars in the kingdom of Ireland ; as also in consideration of his great charges and ezpences in the structure and building of the castle of Eniscorthy, and the better fortification of it, and defence of her faithful subjects in those parts J she likewise, by the advice of Sir William Rnsael, Kot. Deputy-General of Ireland^ and of the Council there, grants aad confirms to the said Sir Henry Wallop, his heirs and ass^ns for ever, the abbey of Eniscorthy, with the appurtenances ; also the castle of Eniscorthy, m com. Wexford, and the custom of the thirteenth part of all the wood and timber passing down the river Slane, by Eniscorthy, together with all castles, rents, services, &c. to hold by the service of the twentieth part of a Knight's fee, as of the castle of Dublin : which passed the Great Seal of Ireland, Nfjvember 4tb, the same year.

* Ex Origin. t Ibid.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. $15

He begun to decline in hit health aboot a 3rear before he died, as should seem by the provision for the setdement of his estate. For he obtained licence of Queen Elizabeth^ April lst> 15QB, to alien and convey " to Lewis Basset, Esq. Oliver Wallop, Esq. his second son, Richard. Harper, and John firown, his casde, manor, and abbey of Eniscorthy, with the appurtenances, kc. in Garran^ Xilkenan, Lougbwerty, Basricrowe, and Ballyne Fark, in com. Wexford, with all castles, customs, franchises, fcc thereto be- longing, in trust to the use of his last will and taatament.

The said Oliver Wallop ^ was slain io the lifetime of his father,' on August 14th, 1^98, in that battle between the Earl of Tyrone and the Marshal Bagnal, when the Irish obtained the victoiy with the slaughter of thirteen captains and 1500 soldiers. And William Wallop, bis other younger son, taking to a militaiy lif<^* died in the service of bis country in Brittany, before his said brother.

Sir Henry Wallop's last will bears date on March 3 1st, 1509, and atxxlicil two days after. He^ is wrote therein Vioe-Trea^ surer and Treasurer of wars in Ireland ; and the disposition of his estate shews hb great wisdom and solid judgment. It also appears by the number of servants mentioned in it, that he Uved suitably to his dignity and fortune. He leaves all of them lega* ctcs, and orders them to be entertained for three noooths after his decease.

He wilb, if dame Catharine, his wife, is contented to aocq^t of the jointure made to her by bis father. Sir Oliver Wallop, dor ceased, of his manor of Worle, &c. in the county of Somenet, and release her right of dower to all his other manors, laadsj &c. that £oT an augmentation to it, she should have his manor of Aldrington, alias Allington, in the county of Wilts, with the appurtenances 5 as also his manor of Over- Wallop, with the ap- purtenances in Over- Wallop, Nether* Wallop, Appleshai^, Ra- denbam, Fyfelde, and Lurgishall, in the counties of Squthaaipton and Wilts, during her lifej and after to revert to his son, Henry Wallop, and the heirs male of his body > in default to William Wallop, his second brother; remainder to Richard Wallop, eldest son of Richard Wallop, his third brother; in default to John Wallop, second son of the aforesaid Richard ; and in default to

« Ez Oris. Par. 40 Elic. s Yincent.

7 CajDden*! Elis. in'HJit. of England, Vol. 11. p. Si 2. * Vincent.

« Ez Regit t. Tocat Wallop, qu. i. in Cur, Pnerog; Cant.

316 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

every the other sons of the said Richard ; in default to the right heirs of him the' said Henry Wallop. He fiirther bequeaths to his son, Henry Wallop, and to his heirs raale and femak, his manor of Farley, in the county of Southampton, and his manors of Worlc-berr)', and Morcbnch, which he had late purchased for him and his heirs, in the county of Somerset ; and also all his other lands in England and Ireland. And in default of such heirn, to dame Anne Powlet, wife of Sir Richard Powlct, Knt. Bridget Halswcll, wife of Nicholas Halswcll, Esq. and Wincfride Wal- lop, daughters of him the said Sir Henry Wallop,, and to their heirs. He also bequeaths to dame Catharine, his wife, 7OO ounces of his plate, and a third part of all his furniture at his .seat at Wallop (except the hangings of the great chamber there), and at his houses of Farley, and Eniscorthy, except the bed of crim- son velTCt, with the furniture thereto belonging, in his chamber, called the best chamber of Farley ; also all her jewels, her own coach, with the coach-horses and their furniture, and three geld- ings for her use. He appoints Henry Wallop, his only son, sole executor; and overseers of his will, his good friends. Sir Robert Gardener, one of the Lords Justices of Ireland ; his son-in-law. Sir Richard Powlet, oi Hcrierd, Knt. 5 his brother, William Wal- lop, Esq. \ and his son-in-law, Nicholas Halswell, Esq. He re- quires his funeral to be ordered as follows :

,My frill and Mind w, that when it shall please GOD to call me to his Mercy, ord of this mortal Life, that my Body be decently buried within two Days after my Decease, and no ceremonies be used at or after my Burial, other than Blacks be given by my £r- ecutor to my Wife, Children, Overseers, and Servants,

He was buried in St. Patrick's church in Dublin, with this in- scription on a plate of brass :^

'* Near unto this Place lieth that worthy Knight, Sir Henry Walhp, of Farley Wallop, in the county of Southampton, in the Realm <f England, who faithfully served (^leen Elizabeth in this Kingdom, as Fice-Treasurer and Treasurer at War, by the Space of eighteen Years and eight Months, and was Lord Justice within this Realm, jointly with the Lord Chancellor of this Realm, al- most by the Space of two Years, in the Years of our Lord God 1582, 1583, 1584; in which Time the Wars of Desmond were ended, and his Head sent into England; besides many other

^ Borlase, p. 137.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. ' 317

weighty Causes commUtei to /us Charge, during Jus said Service. He departed this Life the I4th Day of April, 1599. He was son and Heir of Sir Oliver IFallop, Brother and Heir of Sir John Wallop, Knight of the most Honourable Order of the Garter, and Lieutenant of the Castle and County of Gujines, in France, Nephew and Heir of Sir Robert Wallop, Knight r

He married Catharine^ daughter of Richard GifFord^ Esq. and sister of Sir Hen^y Giffbrd, of Sombourae» io com. Southampton, Knt. by ^ whom he had issue three sons ; Henry, who succeeded bim in his estate ; William and Oliver^ beforementioned, who died uomarriedj also three daughters; Anue, married to Sir Richard Powlet* of Herierd (or Harriot), in com. Soutbamp.; Bridget, wife of Nicholas Halswell, in com Somers. Esq.j and Winifrede,- wedded, after her father's decease, to Sir Richard Gififord, of Sombourne, in com. Soutbamp. Knt.

Sir Hknby Wallop, his heir, bom on «* October I8th, 1568, was chosen one* of the members of Andover, in 39 Eliz, and one of the Knights for the county of Southampton, in 43 Eliz. before which time he had received the honour of Knighthood. He was Sheriff of the county of Southampton ^ with Sir Henry Tich- bum, in the last year of dueen Elizabeth ; and by & himself in the first year of King James. Stow relates,^ that he and Sir Hamden Powlet, being Knights for the county of Southampton, they on November 9th, l603, 1 Jac. J. received Henry Lord Cobham, and the Lord Grey of Wilton, at Bagshot, from Sir Thomas Vavaior, Knight Marshal, and Richard Leveaon, who bad brought tbem from the Tower, in order to take their trial at Winchester ; and Sir Henry Wallop, with a strong guard, con- ducted them to the castle ; as h« did Sir Walter Raleigh, Knt. and other prisoners, on November 12th following.

In the third of King James I. he was ' Sheriff of Shropshire ; being ^ possessed of the manor and noble seat of Red-Castle^ and divers other lordships and manors in that county, by marriage, with Elizabeth, sole daughter and heir of Robert Corbet, of Mor- ton-Corbet, Esq. eldest son and heir of Sir Andrew Corbet, Knt. (who died at ^ Morton-Corbet, Aug. 1 6th, 1 576). And it was found by the jury, on an inqubition taken after his death, that the said

c Vlnceut and Charles. << £x Regist. de Farley.

• WUKs. ttt antea. f Fuller, p. 16. S Ibid.

^ AfloaJs of K. Jamef . ^ Fulhr in com. Salop. ^ Ibid.

1 Etc. Sth Jan. 21 Eiia.

320 FBERA6£ OF ENGLAND.

Jac. I. he bad a oon£nnatioQ ^ of his lands in Ireland, from Tho* mas Earl of Ormond, Grand Treasurer j Dooat £arl of Thomood* and other the Corocnissioncrs for inquiring into defective titles. And the year after, September 5th, 10 Jac I. he" constituted Roger Manwarlng, £sq. Constable, Governor, and Keeper of bis castle of Eniscorthy, in the county of Wexford, with such jurisdictions, privileges. Sic. as to the same belong; and Ge- neral-Receiver of all his rents, &c. with the yearly Ice of 20 L English money

On February l6th, 1616-17, he obtained a grant for * free warren, in his manors and lordships of Farley- VVallop, Over- Wallop, Nether -Wallop, Clidesden, Hatch, Illesfield, alias Ulls- fidd, Subberton, Appleshaw, Est-Rednam, and Fyfeild, with the appurtenances, in com. Southamp. also in his manors of Ailing- ton, alias Aldrington, in com. Wilts; Hopton-Ash, alias Hopton* Castle, 8helerton, Broadward, Abcot, Oblages, Clogonford, aliaa Clongunnas, and Cloogbury, in com. Salop. In 15 Jac. I. he was constituted one y of his Majesty's Council, under William Lord Compton, then President of the Marches of Wales -, and in 1622, > one of the Commissioners for advancing the woollen manufac- tory in the said principality.

In 1 Car. I. he was one* of the trustees of Elizabeth Countess of Southampton, for the third part of the lordships, man<»s, &c. of Henry Earl of Southampton, deceased, during the minority of Thomas Earl of Southampton. 'And with the ^saki Countess, William Viscount Say, Robert Lord Spencer, Heniy Lord Dan- vers, and Sir Robert Vernon, had a grant of the wardship and marriage, as also of the custody of the lands of Thomas Earl of Southampton, who was so highly distinguished in the reigns of Charles I. and Charles II. and died in the post of Lord High- Treasurer of England.

This Sir Henry Wallop was instructed in juvenile learning by Nicholas Fuller, afterwards a Prebendary of the church of Salis- bury, a very pious clerg3rmau, and author of several pieces. He ^ was his tutor, and went with him to Oxford, where, in Michael- mas Term, 1584, they were both matriculated as members of St. John*s college, and afterwards translated themselves to Hart-hall, where they improved their studies; and Wood^ observes, that

t Pat. 9. Jac. f. « Ex Cop. Orig. « Ex Orig. Pat. 14 Jac. I.

7 Rymer, Tom. XVII. p. 29. < Ibid. p. 410. »,ibid. Tern. XVIII. p. 199. *» Ibid. p. 100.

c Wood's Ache nac Oxon. Vol. I. p. 474.^ «* IbU.

EARL OP PORTSMOUTH. 321

FuUex was a very extraordinary proficient. His pupil was also a very learned gentleman, and of exemplary morals, as is ei^ent from bis mauoscnpt writings; and was a judicious manager of his estate, as appears by several copies of his Jesters relating thereto } which also shew, that he kept a very bosfntabte boose, ia all respects suitable to bis fortune, one of the largest among the comnooners of bis lime. His country testified their esteem and confidence ia him, by bis being so often their representative in parliament; first, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and after in the feigns of James T.^ and Charles I. to the time of bis death. In the first year of Charles I. be bad such an interest, that bis son ^ was elected with him for the county of Southampton ; and they sat together in one parliament, in the reign of King James J. and all the parliaments in King Charles X.V reign 5 the son for Andover,B and the father for the county of Southampton.

This Sir Henry Wallop, being very aged,** was not present in parliament when the protestation was taken by both bouses on May 4tb, 1641 ; and, it is probable, might be ill, for bis son Ro- bert then took it. He died on November 15th, 1642 (aged seven ty-four on October 18th before bis death), and was buried in the vault with his ancestors at Farley, as the plate on his coffin shews ; and his Lady lies buried with him, with this inscription on her coffin :

Here lieth the body of Dame E/izahctk Wallop, Wife to Sir ' Henry Wallop, Knt. who deceased the 5th Day of Noveml, 1§24. She left behind her, then living, one son and Jive daughters. Which Dame Elizabeth was daughter and sole heir to Robert Cor- bet ^ i>f Moreton Corbet, Esq, Which Robert had to wife Anne, daughter to John Lord St, John of Bletsoe,

Their five daughters were, ' Anne, born anno l602, married t« John Dodington, of Breamer, in the connty of Southampton, Esq. and dying in her widowhood, on December 31st, 1656, lies buried at Farley; Elizabeth, l)om in 1606; Catharine, bom in 16O8, both died unmarried; Bridget, wedded to Sir Henry Worseley, of Appledur-combe, in com. Southampton, Bart. Theodocia, fifth daughter, died unmarried, August 29tb, 1656.

« ]^ Collect. Brown WilUi Ann. ' Ibid. % Ibid.

J» Rnsbw. Vol. IV. p. 244, et teq. * Bx Collect. Nich. Charl«j.

TOL. ir. Y

322 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Robert Wallop, only son,^ born on July 20tb, l6lO, suc- ceeded to the estate of his father. Sir Henry Wallop. He was chosen a olember for Andover to the Parliament of 21 Jac. I.i and Knight for the county of Southampton, in the two Parlia- ments, in the first year of Charles I. And during the remainder of that reign for the borough of Andover, and the aforesaid

county. '' Succeeding to his father's estate (says Noble, in bis Lives

of the Regicides), he acquired all that eminent consequence, which his ancestors bad possessed in the county where they prin- cipally resided. He was returned one of the members to repre- sent the borough of Andover, in the parliament, called 21 James I. and knight of the shire in the two first Parliaments of Charles L and, during the remainder of that reign, was constantly elected for Andover. His prejudices against King Charles appeared be- fore his going into the long parliament, by his refusing to contri- bute towards carrying on a war, in which it was evident the Scotch were the aggressors. Yet his Majesty, though he bad gone to some lengths against him, had that confidence in his ho- nour, that he said to the Parliament, he should be willing to pnt the militia into his bands, with many noblemen and others, upon such terms as his Commissioners at Uxbridge had agreed upon ; yet this was rejected, though he, Cromwell, and some others, in the end, proved the most determined enemies his Majesty had. — Constantly joined in all the subsequent votes against the King, he was named by the army jtmto one of the pretended judges ; and he complied so much with their desires, as to sit in the painted chamber, but did not sign the warrant for the King's execution . At the Restoration, he fell into universal contempt ^ and the Par- liament excepted him from receiving any benefit from his estate, icci and, being brought to the bar of the house, he was sentenced to be degraded from his gentility, drawn upon a sledge to, and under the gallows of Tyburn, with a halter roiud his neck, and be imprisoned for life j which sentence was put in force on Ja- nuary 30th, 1662. The peculiar circumstances which induced this sentence, so much more severe than that of othen, whose crimes appeared the same, is not known.*'

He died in the Tower of London, but was buried with his an- cestors at Farley ; departing this life on November l6th, 16^, as the inscription on bis cofifin shews.

k Ex Regist. Ecd. Farley. » Brown Willis.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 823

He married Anne, daughter of Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton^ and was succeeded in his estate by his son and heir,

Hbkry Wallop, Esq. chosen one " of the representatives of Whitchurch, in the first parliament called by Charles II. after ills restoration, which began on May 8th, l6dl,>^ and was conti- nued by several prorogations for seventeen years, eight months, and seventeen days; so that be died before it was dissolved, viz. on January 25th, 1 678-9, in the forty-fourth year of his age; as ap- pears from the inscription on hid coffin, in the vault at Farley. He married Dorothy, youngest daughter, and one of the four coheirs of John Bluet, Esq. by Elizabeth, his wife, daughter of Sir John Portman, Knt. and Bait. Which John Bluet, Esq. was pos- sessed of one of the largest estates in the West, and was lineal heir male to Sir William Bluet (or Bloet, as it was anciently wrote), said to have been living in the reign of William the Conqueror. The said Dorothy survived many years, and is buried widi him at Farley, where, on a black marble in the chancel is this in- scription :

In Memory

Of

The Firtuotis and Exemplary Pious

DoROTHr, Daughter and Co-heir of

John Bluet, of Holcomb Regis, in the

County of Devon, Usq,

Relict of Henry Wallop, Esq. late of this

Parish,

To both which ancient Families, by her extraordinary Prudence,

Moderation,

Piety, and other eminent Graces, she added great Lustre,

Who (having had a vonsiderable Share in those Troubles and

Difficulties Which attend Humamty), after a Life of the wisest Conduct

with relation Both to Temporal and Spiritual Matters, died as much Khe «

Christian

As she Umedi and into the Hands of her GOD, to whom ihe

hadlong paid

• Browa Willis. " Hltuof £ng. Vol. lU p* 3^9*

324 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

J constant Devotion^ she meekly resigned her pious humble Soul, Deer. 1st. in the Year ofo\ Lord 7 1704| of her Age S 72- That he might pay a grateful Acknowledgement to one that had

deserved so

Well of his Family, and perpetuate, for thy Imitation, so rare

an Example,

Bluet Wallop, Esq.

Her Grandson and Heir ordered this Memorial.

Their issue were four aons.

Robert, who was born ° February 20th, and baptized on March 12th, 1654, and died in his father's life-time, unmarried; as did Charlrs, his youngest son.

Henry Wallop, Esq. second son, born p on May 18th, 1657, succeeded his father, and served for Whitchurch, in the Parliament that met at Westminster, on March 6th, 1678-9,^ as also in that which met at Oxford, on March 21st, 1680-1 ; and in King James II/s Parliament, and the two first Parliaments of King William and Queen Mary. He died unmarried on Deceniber 28th, 1691, aged thirty-four years, seven months, and twenty days, as the inscription on his coffin recites.

John Wallop, Esq. his only surviving brother and heir, suc- ceeded to the estate. On August 14th, l683, he ^married Alicia, third daughter and coheir of William Borlase,* of Great Marlow, in Buckinghamshire, Esq. second son of Sir John Borlase, of Buckmer, in the same county, Bart.

The said John Wallop, Esq. was buried with his ancestors at Farley, on January 29th, 169^, Alicia his wife surviving him, by whom he bad issue five sons and two daughters;

1. Bluet Wallop, born on August 8th^ l684, hereafter meh' tinned.

2. Henry, who was born on November 27th, 1 686, and died March 9th, 1690.

3. John, first Lord Viscount Lymmgton, and Earl of Ports' mouth.

4. William, who was born on April 30th, 1692, and died on June 24th following.

• Ex Eccl. Farley. P Ibid. q £x Collect. B. WUlis.

r £x Aotogr. peoet Job. Com. Portsmoutb. ■ x C. a6*iii. in Her. Coll.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 325

5. Robert, who after* his travels in Germany, France, and Hol- land, died in the nineteenth year of his age, on January 27th, 1714, and was buried at Farley.

£Hzabeth, who was born on September l^th, 1685, and was buried at Farley, on May 4th, 170O, unmarried.

Mary was noarried to Henry, Lord Herbert of Chirbury, and was first Lady of the Bed-chamber to Anne Princess of Orange. She died October ipth, 1770.

His eldest son. Bluet Wallop, Esq. succeeded to the estate, and died unmarried in the twenty-fourth year of his age, on Oc- tober 30tb, 1707, whereupon (he estate devolved on his next bro- ther and heir,

Jock, fibst Eabl of Portsmouth, born on April ]5th, 169a, who was by George I. in consideration of his great abili- ties and merits, advanced to the dignity of a Peer of this realm, by the title of Barok Wallop, of Farley- Wallop, in the county of Southampton; also to the title of Viscount Lymington, in the same county, by letters-patent bearing date Jnne nth (1720) 6 George I. the preamble thereof being as follows : '< Since of all the privileges that belong to the supreme authority*, we esteem that to ht the most valuable, which enables us to give a just re- ward to those men who deserve well of their country:— We have determined to place among the Peers, our trusty and well-beloved John Wallop, Esq. one of the Lords of our Treasury; of a very ancient, and during the reign of our Royal ancestors the Saxons in this island, of an illustrious family.

*« But we having had experience, in his executing public af- fairs, of those virtues that before adorned a private life, candour of manners, integrity of mind, and skilfulness in business; we are persuaded that the honours of the Peerage will neither be greater than bis merit, nor conferred upon him sooner than they were expected by all good men."

Hit Lordriiip was chosen one of the Knights for the county of Southampton, in the Parliament called to meet on March 17th, 1714-15, as also one of the burgesses for Andover. And on April 13tb, 1 71 7>- was constituted one of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, and re-chosen for the county of Southampton, whilst ho was a commoner; and also continued in the commission •f ihe Treasury.

On January llth, 1732-3, his Lordship was constituted Lord-

t Ex Inscrip. in Cancel. Eccl. Farley.

326 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Warden and Chief Justice in Eyre of all his Majesty^s forests, parks, chases, and warrens beyond Trent. On September 3d, 1733, he was constituted Lord Lieutenant and Gustos Rotulorum of the county of Southampton, and of the town of Southampton, and county of the same; likewii»e by patent of the same date. Lord Warden and Keeper of New Forest, and the duckoys in the said Forest, and of the manor and park of Lindhurst, and hundred of Rudberg, in the county of Southampton; also, November 2d, the same year, made Vice- Admiral of the county of Southampton 1 and July 4th, 1734, Vice*Admiral of the Isle of Wight

His Lordship, on the surrender of his place of Lord Warden and Chief Justice in Eyre, was constituted, July 12th, 1734, Go- vernor and Captain of the Isle of Wight^ Captain of the castle of Carisbroke, an4 all other castles and fortresses in the said Isle ; also Constable of the castle of Carisbroke, and likewise Steward, Surveyor, Receiver, and Bailiff of all manors, lands, woods, re- venues, &c. within the said island.

In 1742, his Lordship surrendered his place of Governor of the Isle of Wight, and soon after gave up his posts of Lord Warden of New Forest, Lord Lieutenant of the county of Southampton, &c. but his Majesty taking into consideration his eminent ser- vices, was pleased to advance him to the honour of Earl op PoBTSMOUTH, in ike county of Souikampion, by letters-patent dated April 11th, 1743. And on February 22d, 1745, he was again pleased to confer on his Lordship the government of the Isle of Wight.

His Lordship on May 26th, 1 7 16,. married the Lady Bridget, eldest daughter to Charles Bennet, Earl of Tankervillc, by whom be had issue,

1. Bridget, bom February 20tb, 171^17> who died June 26th, 1736, uQmarried.

2. John Viscount Lymington, hereafter mentioned.

3. Borlase, born on June 3d, 1720, who took to a military life, and was first an Ensign in the royal regiment of Foot Guards $ and afterwards Aid de Camp to General Wentworth in the expe- dition to Carthagcna in 1741 ; but being immediately after seized with a burning fever, he died in April that year, unmarried.

4. Mary, bom August 17th, 1721, and died April 13th, 1722.

5. Charles, bora December 12lh, 1722, who, in J747, was

» By this alHaoce mtny of Sir Isatc Newton'i MSS. cao^ into pottmioa of the preseat Earl.

EARL OF PORTSMOUrH. 327

chosen Member of Parliament for Whitchurch, and died at Hack- ney, in Middlesex, August l}th, 1 771, unmarried.

6. Anne> who died on March 7th, 1759.

7. Bluet, bom April 27th, 1/26, who was Page of Honour to his Majesty, and attended on him in the campaign in 1743 ; in 1744 he also served in Flanders, and on May 1 1th, N.S. 1745, was in the battle of Fontenoy. He was Equerry to the Duke of Cumberland, and was with him at the battle of Culloden, on April 16th, 1745, being Captain in the Regiment of Buffs > and died aged twenty-threci on June 6th, I749, having been chosen, in 1747, member for Newport, in the Isle of Wight.

8. Elizabeth, buried at Farley, June 20th, 1727.

9. Henry. And,

10.' Bennet, who both died infants.

John Wallop, Fiscount Lymington, bom August 3d, I7 18, who, on July 12th, 1740, married Catharine, daughter and sole heir of John Conduit, of Cranbery, in com. Soutbamp. by Catha- rine his wife, daughter of Robert Barton, Esq. and niece and co- heir of the celebrated Sir Isaac Newton." His Lordship served in the pth and 10th Parliaments of Great Britain for the borough of Andover, and died in 1749, leaving four sons.

1. John, second Earl of Portsmouth.

2. Henry, member of Parliament for Whitchurch, in Hamp- shire, 1768; and in August 176^, was appointed one of the Grooms of the Bedchamber to his Majesty; died in August l^g4, aged fifty-two.

3. The Hon. and Rey. Barton Wallop, A.M. Rector of Upper Wallop, and Clidesden cum Farleigh, in Hampshire, and Master of Magdalen College, Cambridge, died at the Parsonage House at Upper Wallop, September 1st, 178I, having married, in May 1771, Camilla Powlett Smith, daughter of the Rev. Mr. Smith (by the granddaughter and heir of Lord William Powlett), sister to Powlett Smith Powlett, Esq. of Sombourae, and Crux-Easton, Hants ; by whom hehad issue Urania Catharine Camilla, born November 23d, 17/4; and a posthumous son, William Barton Wallop, formerly in the 15th Dragoons, and now a Captain in the Nova Scotia Fencibles, who married, September 1 1th, I8O7, Miss Ward, of St. John*s, in ^ew Brunswick, in North Ame- rica.

4. Bennet, bora January 29th, 1745.

Also a daughter, Catharine, bora January 3d, 1746, married October 3d, 1770, the Hon. Lockbart Grordon, younger brother to

328 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the Ute Eirl of Aboyne, whose widow she now is, and has issue the Rev. Lockhart Gordon > Loudon Gordon, lately in the Armyi and a daughter, &c.

The Viscountess Lymingtoo, his relict, died on April 15th, 1750, and was interred by the remains of her £Either in Westmin* ster Abbey.

Her Ladyship died of an apoplexy in the forty- third year of her age, at Lindhurst (the King's house in New Forest), on October 12th, 1738, and was buried in the vault belonging to the ^unily at Farley.

His Lordship, on Jutie 4th, 1741, married, secondly, Elizabeth, eldest daughter to J^nics Lord Gri£^, and relict of Henry Grey, of Billlngbeer, in the county of Berks, Esq. but by her had no issue.

He died in the seventy-second year of his age, on November 23d, 1762} being then Governor and Captain of the Isle of Wight, Captain and Constable of Carisbroke-castle, and Steward, Surveyor, &c. of all manors, lands, woods, revenues, &c« within the said Island i and was succeeded by bis grandson, John, eldest son of John Viscount Lymiogton, beforementioned.

The said John, second Earl op Pobtsmouth, married, on August 27th, 1763, Urania, daughter of Coulson Fellows, of Hampstead, in Middlesex} and of Eggsford, Devonshire, Esq. who was returned one of the Knights for Huntingdonshire in par- liament, from 1741 to 1754, inclusive. By her his Lordship had issue 3

1. John-Charles, present EarL

2. Lady Urania Annabella, born June 1st, 1769.

3. Lady Camilla Mary, bom November 8th, 1770, died Sep- tember 10th, 1789.

4. NewtOD, born June 26th, 1772, who succeeding to the estates of his maternal uncle, Henry Arthur Fellowes, Esq. of Eggsford, in Devonshire, has taken the name and arms of Fel- lowes, by his Maj^ty's licence, dated Atfgust 9th, 1794} and manied, January 30th^ 179^» Frances, youngest daughter of the Rev. Castell Sherard, of Huntingdonshire, by whom he has issue^ 1. Fanny Jane Urania, bom December 25th, 1796. 2. Henri- etta Caroline, bora July 10th, 1798. 3. Henry Arthur Wallop, ^m October 29th, 1799. 4. Newton John Alexander, bora March 27th, 1801 -, died September, fallowing. 5. Louisa Mary, bom July 23d, 1802; died March, 1803» He has repretcoted Andover in levecai Parliaments*

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 329

5. CoulsoD Wallop, born September ipth, 1774 i a Captain in the South Hants Militia, 1794^ M.P. for Andover, 17965 mar- ried, April 2d, 1802> Miss Catbarine To^nlj Keatinge, daugh- ter of Maurice Keatinge, £sq. and dun) without ia^e at Verdun, in France, August 31, I8O7.

6. Lady Henrietta Dorothea, bom May 6tb, 1780.

7. Lady Emma Maria, bom August 13th, 1781, died May 22d, 1798.

8. William Fellowea Wallop, born May 20th, 1784, died at school November 20tb, 179O.

HLs Lordship died May l6th, 1797 ; and was succeeded by his dd^t son and heir,

John Charles, present and thi ud Earl, bom December 18th, J 767, married November 19th, 1799> the Hon. Grace Norton, sister to William, present Lord Grantley : but has no issue.

Titles. John Charles Wallop, Earl of Portsmouth, Viscount Lymington, and Baron Wallop of Farley- Wallop.

Creations. Baron Wallop of Farley- Wallop, and Viscount Ly- mington, in com. Southamp. June llth, 1720, 6 George l,-, and Earl of Portsmouth, April llth, 1743, 16 George II.

Arms, Argent, a bend wavey. Sable.

Crest. On a wreath, a mermaid, holding in her dexter hand a comb, in the other a mirror, all proper.

Supporters. Two chamois, or wild goats. Sable.

Motto. Em suivANT la Veritb.

Chief 'Seats. At Hursbourne, near Andover (rebuilt about thirty years ago) -, and at Far ley- Wallop, near Basingstoke, in the county of Southampton.

330 PEERAGE OF ENGT,AND.

GREVILE, EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF, WARWICK.

Th» name of this family was anciently wrote Graviile, or Gre^ ville (with or without the final e), and sometimes GreveL The learned Leland, in his Itinerary of England^ which he wrote in the reign of Henry VIII. in the frequent mention be makes of this family, uses the two first of those names promiscuously. He says, * *Sum hold opinion that the Gravilles cam originally in at the Conquest. **The veri ancient house of the Gravilles, is at Draiton, by Banburi, in Oxfordshire. But there is an nother manor place of the chief Stok of the Gravilles, caullid Milcot, yn Warwickshire, where a late, as at a newer, fairer, and more com- pnodious house thei used to ly at.— <= And court rolls reraayne yet at Draiton, that the Grevilles (had) lands ous by yere 3300 marks.

' And Gravilles had Knap Castel, and Bewbusch Parke, and other landes in Southsax, by descents of their name.

' ^ GreviU, an ancient Gent, dwelleth at Milcote, scant a mile lower than Stratford^ towards Avon ripa dextra. *

« Itin. Vol. IV. Pirt I. fol. 16. k ibid. Vol. VI. fol. 19.

c Ibid. Vol. IV. Part i. fol. 16. <I Ibid. Part ii. fol. 167.

e These and other audioritiet, together with the name itself, which piainljr appears to be Norman, sufBcieotly evince the great antiqaily of this family in England : yet the first of them I meet with on record, is in 1 294,* when Wil- liam Grevill died seised of the manors of Inglethwait and Awldcoftrs, ia the county of Yoirk \ and of the office of chief forester of Galteres, with the juris* diction there.

• Esc. 23 Edw. I. n. 69,

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 331

Bat whatever be the aiitiqaity of this rame^it stands od antbo- T\ij too Dotorious to make the mention of it indelicate, that the present very honourable, and it maj be added, illustrioos house, took their rise, like noany others, whose wealth and titles have now been for ages sanctioned by time, from commmerce ; and in that line which has ever been the staple commodity of the coun- try, the woollen trade.

William Grbvile, a citizen of London, and the flower of the wool-staplers there, was latterly seated at Campden, where he lies buried^ with his first wife, under a large blue flat stone, with brass figures ; and the following inscription :

** Hie jacet WilUelmus Grevil, de Campeden, quondam Civis London, et Jios mercatorum Lanar, iotius Anglice, qm obUt primo £emensis Octobris, Jnno Domini Milesimo CCCCL

" Hie jacet Mariana vxor prcedkH WUlielmi, qius obUt dedmo die menHs Septembris Anno Dom, Mileshno CCCLXXXn, quo* rum animahus propicietur Deus Amen,*' '

This William, and his fether, William, were both living in 2\ Richard IL and the father being wrote WiUiam Grevil, of Campeden, lent the King 300 marks (a great sum in those days); and August lOth, 1397> ' the King acknowledges the receipt of the said loan from him, and promises payment thereof in the Qnindens of Easter next.

The year after, William, the son, having purchased the ma- nor of Mflcote, in com. Warwick, of Sir Walter Beauchamp, Knt. be, to strengthen his title, obtained a release, bearing date at Milcote, November 5th, ISgS,** from William de Peto, cousin and heir to GeflTery de Langly^ whose right it was in the reign of Edward III. And being so possessed thereof, entailed it by fine,*

After him was John GreTll), with whom the learned C«mdea begins hit cv. rioof and accurate pedigree of the famiJj (the original roH of which is in the possession of the prticnt Earl of Warwick.) This John Grevill died before 33 Edward 111.* when there wag a plea between Margaret, the wife of the said John, and Richard de Caurs, and Jabel his wife, concerning the Wardship of William GrsTiH, the ion and heir of the said John.

^ See it engraved in Bigland*s Glooceitershire, I. 283.

9 Rymer^s Fcedera, Tom* VIlI. p. 9 and 80.

h Dagdale*s Antiq. of Warwickshire, first Edit, p 516,520.

* Rot. Fin. 2 Henry IV. m. 5.

* Placita 33 Edward III. Rot. S5.

332 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

on tbe issue male of his body by Joan^ then his wife, and for want of such issue male, upon hb sons, by a former wife, Mari- ana, who died 1386, /oAn, and Lodowick, and the issue male of their bodies successirely, with remainder to his right heirs. He died in 3 Henry IV« as appears by his monument beforemen- tioned, and by the probate of his last will and testament, which bears date at Campeden, April 2d, 1401. He'^ therein orders hia body to be buried in the church of the blessed Virgin Mary of Campeden, and bequeaths 100 marks to the repairs of it : also 2001. to maintain four Chaplains to say Mass in the said church for ten years following, for his soul, and the souls of his ancestors. He bequeaths his manors, lands, &c. to Joan his wife, John Gre- ▼ill, his son, and Richard Brothell, his Executors -, and appoints Sir Roger Hatton, Abbot of Evesham, and Sir William Bradle|% Supervisors. The said Joan, his second wife,^ was sister and heir of Sir Philip Tbombury, Knt. and lived a long time after him. But this Lady having brought him no sons, the entail beforementioned took place, with regard to John, his sou and heir, aod Lodowick^ that he had by Margaret, his first wife, "^by whom he likewise had issue Mary, the wife of John Gififord, of Harpre« Esq. and Alice, of Edmond Ludlow, Esq.

Which John Grevill resided also °at Campeden, and being * Sheriff of Gloucestershire, and the Marches of Wales, in 6 Henry IV. bore for his arms, p Or, on a cross engraUed, within ike like border Sable, ten annulets of the first, with a mullet of five points in the dexter quarter. And I presume he was the same John Grevill, who, in 8 Henry V. had the King*s pardon for all transgressions, ^in that he, and Sibil his wife, daughter and heir of Sir Robert Corbet, deceased, entered on the lands and tene- ments, which Joan, the wife of the said Sir Robert, held in dower. But he had another wife, i^ Joyce, daughter of Sir Walter Coke* sey, Knt. and sister and heir to Hugh, and * widow of ■ Beauchamp, by whom he had issue,

John, his son and heir, who resided atCherlton Regis, in com. Gloucester -, and by the death of Joan,^ his grandfather's second wife, in 28 Henry VL came to possess the manor of Milcote (which she held during life), and thereupon made that seat bis

k Ex Regitr. voc. Anindell, Vol. I. fol. 183. J Esc. a8 Henry VI.

'^ Ex Steisinate, per CaoKlcn ptaed. • Rot. Fin. 6. Henty IV. n. 29.

"^ Ibid. P Dugdakf p. 530* 9 Fat. S Henry V. m. 14.

f Camden ut antea. > MS. Sr. George. Przd.

t Rot. Fin. iS Hesry VI. n. 16.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 33$

residence. But before this be was " cbosen one of the Knights for Gloucestershire, in 2 Henry V. and in four other Parliameots, viz. from the last of Henry V. to the thirteenth of Henry VI. And after residing in Warwickshire/ he was In the commission of the peace for the said county, and y SheriflT of that and Leicester- shire in 1 Edward IV. In 5 Edward IV.* he had the honour of Knighthood conferred on him; and in 13th Edward I V.^ had Ufery of the lands descended to him by the death of his mother. The same year he was Sheriff^ of Warwickshire and Leicester- shire, as also a third time, in 17 Edward IV. He bore the same Anps as his father did, excepting the Annulets upon the Cross, as appears by his picture, together with his wife, both kneeling in their Surcoals qfAnms, in the east window of the parish church at BInton, in Warwickshire. He departed this life August 6th, 1480, and by his last will,<^ desired to be buried in St. Ann*s Chapel, in the church of Weston super Afon.

Thomas, his only son and heir, was ^ twenty >six years of age at the decease of his father 5 and in respect of the inheritance he enjoyed by descent from his grandmother, assumed the surname of Cokese^) and having livery of his Other's lands, was the same year, ao Edward IV.* constituted Sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire. His chief residence was at Milcote; and at the coronation of Henry VII. he ' was one of the Knights of the Bath then created. In 1487, he was made k a Knight Banneret, lor his valiant behaviour in the battle of Stoke, June l6th. In 4 Henry VII. he was ^ one of the Commissioners of Array in the county of Warwick, for sending archers, &c. into Britany, in re* lief of that Dvchy 1 and the year after was constituted 'one of the Jostices for jail delivery in Warwickshire 3 also in 6 Hea.VII.. ^ Commissioner for arraying of men in defence of this realm, then in danger of an invasion fix>m Charles IX. king of France. This Sir Thomas died in 14 Henry VII.* leaving no issue by Elioabetb

« Pryn't Brfcvia Par). Part i. p. 113. and Part IV. p. 503.

X Pat. ab ao. 39 Heory VI. usq. 7 Edward IV. in d.

T Rot. I Fin. Edward IV. m. 32. * Pat. 5 Edward IV. p. i. 10 d. m. 30.

« Rot. Fin. 13 Edward IV. m. 3.

b Ibid. m. 30. and 17 Edward IV. m. 11.

c lib. 3. Test. 10 Regtst. Episc. Wigorn» fol. 34.

i Ek. 20 Edward IV. n. 72. « Rot. Fin. 20 Edward IV. m. 3.

f MS. Mom. Equii. in Bib}. Cotton Claudiat, C. 3. p. 21.

8 Ibid. p. 14. b pti, 4 Henry VII. m. 20.

' Pat. s Henry VII. p. i. m. 18. k pat. 6 Henry VII. m. 5.

1 Pat. 15 Henry VII. p. i. ID.4.

$U PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

his wife, daughter to William Lord Herbert j whereupon Robert Russel, and Robert Winter,, wei^e found to be his cousins, and heirs, and inherited the lands of the Cokeseys. But by force of the entail, made in 2 Henry IV. the manor of Milcote, and other manors and lands of the Grevills, resorted to John Grevill^ great grandchild to Lodowick, second son to William GreviU, of Caropden.

This LoDOwicK (or Lewis), took to wife "Margaret, sole daughter and hdr of Sir Giles Ardene^ of Drayton, near fianbury, in Oxfordshire. Leland'^ says, ' The first notable encrease of the Landes of Graville, of Draiton, cam by one Lewis Grraville, that married Margaret, the daughter and beir of a noble, caollid Syr Giles Ardcne. The wife of the which Sjt Giles was named Philip, and she likewise was a woman bom to fair landes. So that the possessions of Giles and Philip, descended onto Lewys Graville, whose fair tumbe is yet sene in the paroche chirch of Draiton.' By this marriage, Lodowick settled at Draiton, the seat of that ancient family, and being possessed of that rich inhe- ritance, raised this branch of the family of Grevills to so eminent a d^^ree, that Leland (as mentioned before), says, they were once possessed of 3300 marks per annum : an immense estate in those days. The same author adds, ^ * Graviiles of Drayton daime to be heyre^ to the Lord Denham.' This claim has probably been founded on the rights of the house of Ardene : but that fiumly has lain so long extinguished in the male line, as with certainty now it cannot be cleared in that point Leland p is farther so particular, as to give an account how this great estate, by the foind of one Somerton (to whom it came bequeathed' in trusty without a proper declaration of uses), and by the extravagance of the grandfiither of Grevill, of Draiton, then living (in the time of Henry VUL), came to be reduced to 400 marks per annum. By thii marriage Lodowick had four sons.

1. William, his heir.

2. Richard, who was Knight for ^ Oxfordshire, in 8 Henry V.

3. Robert. 'And,

4. John/ the father of Richard Grevill, of Lemington, in Gloucestershire, who had issue William Grevill,* made Serjeant

» Ex Seen, per Camden, & Lilly, p. 82.

" Itin. VoJ. IV. Part. I. fol. 16. o IbJd. fol. 17,

P Ibid. fol. x6. q Pryn's Bret. Pari. Part 1. p. 125.

f Ex Collect. Tho. Meller. • Camden.

' Dufd. Chron. Seriea, p. 77.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OP WARWICK, 835

at \aw, in 20 Henry VII. and in 1 Heniy VIII. constituted "* one of the Justices of the Common Pleas.

The aforesaid Lodowick Grevill died at Drayton, in Oxford- shire. * August 28th, 1438, and was buried at Drayton, being succeeded bj his eldest son,

WiLLiAM,y who married * Anne, daughter of Sir Robert Fran- cis, of Formark, in com> Derb. Knt. and departing * this life, in 19 Henry VII. was succeeded by

Ralph Grevill, his son and heir, who took to wife Margaret,^ daughter and coheir of Thomas Poyntz, of Frampton-Cottrell, in the county of Gloucester, Esq. and by this marriage the Grevills, his descendants, have the right of quartering the arms of five an- cient and honourable femilies ; viz. of Poyntz, Bardolph, Mallet, Clanebow, and Acton.<^ By this Lady he left a son and heir,

John Grevill, who on the death of Sir Thomas Grevill, alias Cooksey, in 14 Henry VII. as aforesaid, succeeded to the Lord-

« Par. I Henry VIII. p. a. n. 3 1. « Inscrlpt. Tumuli apud Dralton.

y Ibid. z Camden uc antea. * Dugdale, p. $34.

b Camden ut anCea« . ^ In the reign of King J.iha, Nicholas Poins (or, ai it was afterwards written, Poyntz],* tjki.ng part with the rebellious Barons, was disseised of his lands, then lying in the counties of Somerset, Dorser, and Gloucester; but upon returning to his obedience,'!' he had restitution in 18 John. He had to wife, Julian, sister and heir of Henry Bardolph, of How, in Kent, by whom |he had Hagh, his son and heir, who married Hawise, sister and coheir to William Mallet, of Cury- Mallet, in the county of Somerset, and dying in 4 Henry III. by her left Nicho- las, his son and heir. This Nicholas Poyntz died in i Edward I. then seised of the manor of Cory- Mallet, and left Hugh his son and heir, who|| was sumiponed to parliament, by the title of Lord Poynts, Baron of Cory-Mallet, from 27 Ed- ward I. until I Edward II. in which year he died, leaving Nicholas, his son a*d heir, who was likewise summoned to parliament, in 2, 3, and 4 of Bdwai^ll. He was twice married : by his first vrife, Elisabeth, daughter of Eudo la Z^ch> he had a son and heir, Hagh, from whose second son § the Poyntses, who sey tied in Gbucestershije, were descended ; and by his second wife, Maud,** who died in 35 Edward III. and was sister and heir of Sir John Acton, he had a son, Jehn Poynts, of Iron- Acton. Which John married Philippa, one of the cousins and heirs of Thomas Clanebow, by whom he had a son, Robert Poynts, of IroiH Acton, who married Catharine, daughter of Thomas Berkley, alias Fits-Nicols, and by her left a younger son, Thomas Poynts, of Frampton Cottrell, whose daughter and i^oheir, Margaret, was manied to the aforesaid Ralph GieTill.

* Clans. 17 Joh. m. 17. f Glaus. x8 Joh. m. 5.

X Dugd, Bar. Vol. II* p. x, and a. And Camden ut antea. Dugd. Bar. § Ibid. ** Camden ut antes.

$36 P£E&AG£ OF ENGLAND.

aUp and manor of Milcote, and other the aDcient demesnes of the Grevills. In 15 Heory VllA he was one of the Justioes for the Gaol^delivery at Warwicky<^ and also in the Commission of the peace for the county. He married ^ Jane> daughter of Sir Hum* phrey Forster^ of Harpeden, com. Oxon> and had issue^

1. Edward^ bis son and heir. And^ '

2. Robertas 5idio left two daughters^ his coheirs; Dorothy, wife of Edward Morgan; and Anne, of Thomas Neyill, Esqrs.

Edward was in the Commission of the peace for Warwick- shire in 1 Henry VIII. and having been at the negcs of Teroven and Tournay, and the battle, called by our historians the battle of Spurs,^ he received the honour of Knighthood on OctoberlSth, for his valiant behaviour. In 12 Henry VIII. he was one of the Knights ^ appointed to attend the King and Queen to Canterbury, and from thence to Calais, and Guisnes, to the meeting of Fran- cis I. the French King ; every one of that degree having a Chap- lain, eleven servants, and eight horses. In 13 Henry Vlil. he obtained the Wardship of EHzabetk, one of the daughters, and at last the sole heir^ of Edward WUUmghhy, the oidy son of Roheri Lord Brooke ; a grant, which, in its consequences, greatly contri- hiied to aggrandize his Family, as will appear from what fol^ hws»

He married Anne, daughter of John Denton, of Amersden, in the county of Bucks,*' by whom he had four sons.

i« John, his eldest son and heir.

2. Pulke, of whose posterity I am principally to treat.

9, Thomas. And, 4. Edward, who died without issue.

He departed this life in 20 Henry VIII. and was buried in St. Anii*i Chapel, in the church of Weston upon Avon, according to At appointment of his will.

JoBK Grevill, of Milcote and Drayton, his eldest son, was one •f the Knights for the county of Warwick, in 30 Henry Vllf. and being knighted at the Coronation of Edward VI. died on November 25th the year following, leaving by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of John Spencer, of Hodnet, Esq. an only son.

Sir Edward Grevill, of Milcote,^ who married the daughter

' Pat. 15 Henry VII. m. 14. « Dugdale. ^ Camdeo.

g Ibid. ^ MS. CUudiiM, C. 3. in BibL Cotton.

< MS. NocB. 5. in Bibl. Job. Anscis, Ann. aup. Garc. Reg. Arm. & Ry- iaer*8 Feeders, Tom. 13. p. 7jO| & seq.

^ Camdeo uC antea. 1 Ibid.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. S3f

and coheir of William WiUtoglod, of Bmcheston^ ia oom. Warw. Esq. by whom he had an only son,

Lodoviok; who, by his wife Thomasiae, daughter of Sir William Petrc, Knt. left an only son,

Edward, who was knitted,"* and married Joan, daughter of Sir Thomas Bromley, Chancellor of England, by whom he had ^ seven daughters 3 Martha, married to Sir Arthur Ingram, Knt* Catherine, to ■ Ingram, Esq.j Joice, to William Whitacr^

Esq. I Margaret, to Edward Pennel, Esq.; Jane, Elizabeth, and Constance, who all died unmarried -, also an only son, John, who died unmarried, before his father. Sir Edward being much in- volved in debt** (with the consent of Sir Arthur Ingram, who married Martha, one of his daughters), sold his whole estate to Lionel Cranfield, Earl of Middlesex. And thus the elder branch of the family of the Grevills of Milcote, came to be extinct.

I now return to Fulrb, second son to Sir Edward Grevill, and brother to Sir John Grevill aforesaid. This Fulke had to wife, Elizaletk leforementioned, the ward of his father, one of the greatest heiresses then in England, and by her had a numerous issue. She was not only sole heir of the family of Willougbby of Brooke, by her father, but by her grandmother was descended from the old Earls of Warwick,^ and heir to one of the most con- siderable branches of that illustrious family.

m Camden ut antea. « MS. St. George.

* MS. penes Francisc. Comit. Brooke.

P In this family, which gave a succession of Earls for upwards of four hundred years, and fell at last by its own weighty is exhibited a remarkable instance of the dignity, wealth, and power, of the ancient English Nobility, as well as of the un- certainty of human grandeur.

Of the several defendants spmng from that of Warwick, all of which are either now extinct, or their esutes and honours transferred by heiresses into other fami- lies, few hare been more considerable, and none came farther down in a descent of males, than that of Akester, and Powyke ; from an heiress of which, Sir Fulke, Lord Brooke, was lineally descended. *Waltcr de Beauchamp, beforementiooed, of Alceiter, the founder of that family, was brother to WiUijm, the first Earl of Warwick of the Beauchamp line, being second son of William de Beauchamp of Elmcly, by Isabel, in her own right. Countess of Warwick. This Walter, besides the moiety of the manor of Alcester, in the county of Warwick, which he porchased, had one of his principal seats, Beauchamp-Court, near that town, and another, at Powyke, in Worcestershire. In 53 Henry III. he was signed with the cross for a pilgrimage into the Holy Land, and had a legacy of two hun-

* Ovgd. Blar. Vol. L p. 248, &c. VOL. IT. 2

tSB PEERAGE OF ENt^LAKD.

'Af the sole heir of her gnmdoioUier^ the said Elisabeth came to be seized in fee of the whole manor of Akester, in consequence of which, letters patent of exemplification (in the possenion of the

dre4 marfct WqucAthed to him by his fatheri for the better performance of that vojage. . He was Steward of the household to Edward I. and attCDded that King to Flanders, and into Scotland, where he was with him at the battle of Falkirk^ July izd, 1298. In the 29th of his reign, he was one of those Lords in the par- liament at Lincohi, who then signified to the Pope, under their uali, the supe- riority of King Edward over the realm of Scotiand, being there ftyted, Domims Jt jttettttr. He died in 1303.

To him succeeded Walter, his eklett son, who, the year afur his father's death, went in the expedition then made into Scotland ( as he did at scTeral other times, during the reign of that King, and of his successor. In 13179 soon after the death of Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, hit kinsman, he had custody - of all the lands belonging to Warwick-Castle, together with that castle, during the minority of his heir. In i^ijp he had a special commission to execute the «flice of Constable of England In a particular case. In the year foUowing he died, leaving no issue, and was succeeded by his brother William. This William was likewise a military man, and had attended Edward I. in several of his expeditioos into Flandeis and Scotland. In 10 Edward II. he bad the Sheriftbip of Wor- cestershire granted to him, daring the minority of the heir of his kinsman Coy Earl of Warwick. In 14 Edward II. he wu made Gofemor of St. Briarers cattle, in the county of Gloocestcr, and of the Forest of Dean ; and in the year foUowiagi was constituted one of the King's Comomtioners for the safe custody of the city of Worcester. He died without issue, and to him succeeded his brother Giles } who, in the r4th of Edward III. obtained licence to fortify his manor-house at Alce^ter, called Bcauchamp*i-Court, with a wall of stone and lime, and to embattle it) and in 16 Edward III. had the like lleence to fortify his house at Fresh-water, in the Isle of Wight. This Giles left issue, John, his son and heir ; of whom there is little remarkable, only that in 3 Richard II. he was in the expedition then made Into France.

About this tame sprung* from the family of Alcester, the branch of die Beai»- champs of Bletsho { the first of whom was Roger, grandson to the above-men- tioned Waker de Beauchamp, of Alcester and Powyke. Which Roger had (34 Edward III.) in right of his irife, Sybil (eldest of the sisters, and co-heirrss of Sir William Patshall, Kot.) the manor of Bletnesbo, or Bletsho, and other lands, in the county of Bedford \ whereupon, making Bletsho his chief seat, both he and his posterity were denominated of that place. He was summoned to parlia- ment from 37 Edward III. to the 3d of Richard II. by the title of Lord Beau- champ of Bletsho. In the 14th of Henry IV. John Lord Beauchamp of Bletsho (lineal descendant of this Roger), died, leaving one son and a daughter. John the •on died unmarried, and Margaret, his sister, becoming sole heir of this family, was married, first, to Sir Olirer St. John (of whom the Lords St. John of Btet- tbo, as abo the Viscounts Bolingbroke, are descended}^ and afterwards to John Beaufort, Duke of Somerset. Of this last marriage the only issue was Mar:ga-

* Dmgd| Bar. Vol. I. p. 251*

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 389

present Earl Brooke), were granted, 3 Eliz. to ber, then a widowr, a^nfirming alt the grants of fain, markets, &c. made in the time of her ancestors, in behalf of the manor of Alcester. And as the

ret,* married to Edward of Hadham, Earl of Richmond, and by him mother to Htnry Vn.

But to retora to John de Bcauchamp, of Alcester, the son of Giles. He bad tvo S9ns i Sir William, who tocceeded to him ; and Sir Walter, by whom an*' other oobk funily branched out from that of Alcester,f w'lz. the Beaochampi^ Lords St. Amand : for William, the son of this Sir Walter, having married Eli- sabeth, the eldest of the daughters and coheirs of Oerrard de Baybrooke, cobsIa and hefir to Almeric de St. Amand (a Baron of great antiquity), had tummons to parliament in zy Henry VL by the title of Lord Beauchamp of St. Amand. This branch, however, failed soon in Richard de Beauchamp, Lord St. Amand, who died in 1508, without hnrfnl itsiie.

Sb WUfiam de Beauchamp, of Alcester, eldest son of the said John, hovinf socceeded to his father, ¥ras, in 16 Richard U. made Constable of the Castle of Olonoester; in 3 Henry IV. Sheriff of Worcesterthirs ; and in i Henry V. of Gloucesteriblre. And having married Catbaiine, one of this daughters of Ger« rard de Ufflete, left istne, Sir John Beauchamp, Knt. who purchased, from Tho- mas de Botreaux, the other moiety of the manor of Alcester, which had continae4 in that Amily for divers descents. In i y Henry VI. upon the death of Richard Earl of Warwick, this Sir John de Beauchamp was constituted one of the Com- missioners for the guardianship of all his castles and lands, during the minority of Henry, his son and heir. And in 25tk Henry VI. in oonsideration of th« good and acceptable service performed by him to that King, and to Henry V. his father, he was by patent advanced to the title and dignity of Lord Beauchamp, Baron of Powyke i and had an annuity of sixty pounds, out of the fee-farm of the city of Obucester, granted to him and his heirs, for the better support of the honour. He wss at the same time constituted Justice of South-Wales, with power to exercise that office by himself or his sufficient deputy.} He was one of the Knights of the Garter } and in 28 Henry VI. was made Lord-Treasurer of England ; In which office, however, he condnued not fuH two years. He died Hi 147S, leaving Sir Richard Beauchamp, Knt. then forty years of age, his son and heir.

This Richard, Lord Beauchamp, wedded Ensabeth, daughter of Shr Humphrf Stafford, Knt. In the private chapel of the manor-house of Beauchamp's Court, by virtue of a special licence from the Bishop of Worcester. He died in 18 Henry VII. leaving by this Elisabeth, his wife, three daughters; Elisabeth, Anne, and Margaret, his heirs. HElisabeth, eldest daughter, was married to Robert Willoughby, Lord Brooke ; Anne, to William Lygon,^ in the county of Worcester, Esq.; and Margaret, to Richard Read, in the county- of Gloucester, Esq. Which Elisabeth had the manor of Alcester, in reversion after her father'a

• Dugd. Bar. Vol. II. p. 237. t ^^^- Vol. I. p. i$l.

I Stemm. Guil. Camden pned.

II MS. Aut. Tho. Spencer, penes Francisc. Comit. Broolce, p, a.

^ Ancestor by hw to the present Lord Beauchamp of Powyke, ao created 1804*

340 PEERAGE OF ENGLANP.

sole bdr of ber grandfather, it appears, hj an inqoisitioD takea after her death (dated 6 Elizabeth, also in possession of the Earl Brooke), that she died seised in fee, not onlj of tbe oianor of Alcester, bat of sundry other manors and lands, in the counties of Warwick, Worcester, Gloucester, Leicester, Lincoln, Somer- set, and divers other counties j the whole amounting to so great a value, that she mi^t well have been esteemed one of tbe richest heiresses of her time, as well as one of the best descended^ Hav- ing thus mentioned the descent of this great Lady, whose descent

tkntbi settled opon htr at ber marriag«»* her two siUen, having afterwards, for ' their provUloo, Pbwyke, and other lands, in the county of Worcester.

Robert WiUoughby, Lord Brooke, wss son to Sir Robtrt WiUouf hby; who (be- ing son and heir to John Willooghby, a younger son of the famify seated ac Eresby, by Anne his wife, one of tbe daogbters and coheirs of Sir Edmnnd Che- ney, of Brooke, in the connty of Wilts), in consideration of his singular senriccs and idelity to Henry VII. was, in the seventh year of the reign of tbat King, rsised by writ of surtimons to tbe dignity of a Baron of this realoia by the title of Lord Bcooke^ taken from the place of his residence, Brooke (near Wcstbury), in Wiltshire, so called from the riTolet that runs there. Tbi«> Robert W:lk»ughby, the second I.^d Brooke, having married the said Elisabeth, had issue by her an ctAj son, Edward, who married Elisabeth, daughter to Richard Nevil, Lord Lati- mer, lineally descended of George Lord Latimer (third son to Ralph, the first Earl of Westmorland, by Joan, daughter to John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster), and of Isabel, wife of the said George, daughter to Richard de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick. This Edward having issue by his wife, the said Elisabedi, died, during the Ufietime of his' father, leering three daughters; Elisabeth, Anne, an4 Blanche, his heirs. Robert Lord Brooke, the father of Edward, after the deatk of the Lord Beauchamp's daughter, married Dorothy, daughter of Thomas Grey, Maiquis of Dorset, by wbom he had issue two sons, Henry and William, who both died of tbe sweating sickness when young } and two daughters; Efisabech, married to John Poulet, second Marquis of Winchester; and Anne, to Charles. Blount, son and heir to William Lord Mountjoy. The said two noblemen, in right of their wives, after tbe death of the Lord Brooke, their father, obtained, j* by order of Henry VIII. in council (which was after confirmed by act of parlia- ment), part of the lands of this rich family : but the inheritance ptssed by Ed- ward, his only sob, to his three granddaughters ; and he, tbe said Lord Brooke, died in 1521 ; leaving them, the said Elisabeth, Anne, and Blanche, hia heirs*

But of those three Ladies, Anne dying unmarried, and Blanche, married to Sir Fraacis Dautiey, Knt. dying likewise without issue, Elisabeth, the eUest, wu left, at length, sole heir to the last Lord Brooke, her grandfather; also to her grandmother, Elizabeth, eldest of the daughters and coheir^ of the last Lord Beancbamp of Powyke ; and thus, In her own person, united the illustrious suc- cession of those two noble families.

• Digd. Bar. VoL 11. p. 89. f MS. prsed.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 341

I have deduced in the notes below, an attention which the im- portance of the subject justly merited, I return to the Grevile family, into which she brought all her estate and honours.

Upon the *» death of Robert Wiiloughbj, the last Lord Brooke, her grandfather, the wardship of this young Lady was obtained (as said before), by Sir Edward Grevile, of Milcote, in the county of Warwick, Knt. Sir Edward intended her for John, his eldest soil : but she, preferring, in affection, Fulke, his younger son, was married to him.

The following account of this marriage is in a manuscript, entitled. The Genetilogie, Life, and Death of Robert Lord Brooke (written in l644, and in possession of (he Earl Brooke), * In the da3rs of King Henry VIII. (says the author of that manuscript), I read of Sir Edward Grevil, of Milcote, who had the wardship of Elizabeth, one of the daughters of the Lord Brooke's son. 1 ho Knight made a motion to his ward, to be married to John, his eldest son -, but she refused, saying, that «he did like better of Fulke, his second son. He told her, that he had no estate of land to maintaine her; and that he was in the Eling*s service of warre beyond the seas, and therefore his returne was very doubtful. Shee replycd, and said, that shee had an estate sufficient both for him, and for herself; and that sbee would pray for his safeties, and waite for his coming. Upon his returne home, for the wor- thy service he had performed, he was by King Henry honoured with Knighthood ; and then he married Elizabeth^ the daughter <)f the Lord Brooke's son.'

By this marriage the manor of Alcester, and many other fair lordships and lands, came to Sir Fulke in right of his wife ; who seating himself at Beauchamp's Court, and augmenting this large estate, by the purchase of simdry lands in the neighbourhood; raised his family to high distinction in the county of Warwick. In 34 Henry VIIL he was sheriff of the counties of Warwick and Leicester ; also in 1 Edward VI. and was Knight for the county of Warwick in three several parliaments. That he wa4 an affectionate husband, and tender parent ; that he had encoun- tered great difficulties, in securing the inheritance of his lady (the daughters of Robert Lord Brooke, by the second marriage, claiming as coheirs), and that he was remarkably accurate in hit accounts, and adhered strictly to justice in all his transactions, appears by the whole tenor of his last will, bearing date Septem-

4 Duga. Sar. Vol. II. p. 4421 445.

342 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

ber I2th, I55g, in which he thus express bimsdf : ' And mj especial requests to ray execators for the love I have bom them, and for the travel I have taken in establishing the hole inherit- ance, with my great costs also to be considered, I most earnestly require them, and on God's behalf charge then), that my debts be paied, if I die before the accomplishments thereof.* His executors were his Lady^ and his eldest son, Fulk'Grevile. He died in the £rst year of Queen Elizabeth, and Elizabeth his wife in the year after, and both were buried in the church at Alccsterj' where an altar monument is erected to their memory, upon which the effi • gies of himself and his Lady are laid, with the portraitures of his children on the sides, and this inscription round the verge :

Here lieth the Body ofFoulke Grevyll, Knight, and Lady EUxa" leth his IVife, the Daughter and heir of Edward WUlougkby, Esquire, the Sane and Heire of Robert WtUoughhy, Knight, Lord of Broke, and Lady ETiTuiheth, one of the Daughters and Co-heires (f the Lord Bcauchamp of Powyk : which Foulke died the Xth Day of November, Anno Dom, MDLXIX, and the said Lady

Elizabeth his wife, departed IXth Day of in the Year of

our Lord MDLX, of whose Soules God !uwe Mercy. Amen,

They left three sons, and four daughters.

1. Fulke, the eldest.

2. Robert Grevile, of Thorp-Latymer, in the county of Lin- coln, ancestor to Francis the present Earl Brooke. And.

3. Edward, afterwards Sir Edward Grevile, of Harrold-Park« in the parish of Walt ham -Abbey, in the county of Essex, the youngest, 'married Elizabeth, daughter of Lord John Grey, bro« tber to Henry Duke of Suffolk (widow of Henry Denny, Esq. son and heir of Sir Anthony Denny, Knight, Privy-Counsellor to King Henry VilL) by which Lady he had issue three sons j 1. ■, died an infant; 2. Philip, who died without issuer 3. Sir Fulk Grevile, Knight, one of the Band of Gentlemen Pen- sioners to King James I. Also eight daughters; of whom, Mary, Ann, and Mary, died unmarried i Frances married John Cham* berlain, Esq.; Douglas unmarried; Elizabeth married Sir Francis Swift, Knt.; Helena to Sir William Maxey,Knt.; and Margaret to Godfrey fioswyle, Esq. But this line terminated in coheirs.

The daughters of the said Sir Fulke Grevile were, Mary, mar-

^ Dugdale^s Warwickshire, p. 540* • Mont. Waltham Churd), Sisex.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL 0^ WARWICK. 343

ned to William Harris, of Hajroe, in the county of Deron, Esq.; Eleanor, to Sir John Conway, of Arrow and Ragley, io tbe county of Warwick, Knight; Catharine, to Giles Read, of Mitton, in the coonty of Worcester, Esq. and Blanche, who died unomr- ried.

FuLKB Grevile, the eldest son, on the death of his mother^ succeeded to this great inheritance; and was knighted in 7 Eliz. heing then thirty-nine years of age. He was (accordbg to the character Camden^ gives of him), ' a person no less esteemed for th^ sweetness of his temper, than tbe dignity of his station.* We have the following account of him in the manuscript aforeinen- tioned, p. 6. ' He was a gentleman full of afFabilitie and cour- tesie, and much given to hospitalitie, which got the love of the whole couptrie. For in his time no man did bear a greater sway in the ponptle of Warwicke than bimseUjs. He was evermorB attended with a brave companie of gentlemeUt Upon the new^ Qf the death of Queen Elizabeth, be being at Warwicke at the great assise, came down from the bench, and with lome of hi^ ^fends, proclaimed King James, which the Judges of the circuit refused to doe.* He was Gustos Rotulorum of the county of Warwick ; and one of the Knights of the Sbire in 28 EUz. and in four otlier parliaments. He married Anne, daughter to Ralph Nevile, Earl uf Westmorland, and died in l606, leaving by her

Fulke, his son and heir.

And one daughter, Margaret, married to Sir Richard Vemey, of Compton-Murdack, in the county of Warwick, Knt. ancestor ' to th^ present Lord JVUloughhy of Brooke.

This Fulke, afterwards Sir Fiilke, and fibst Loro Bbookb, having been brought to court when very young, by his uncle, Robert Grevile, who was then a servant to Queen Elizabeth; had soon the honour to be admitted into the service of that Princess^ in a station suitable to his age and birth. So early an introduc- tion into one of the most polite and learned courts then in Europe^ gave him an opportunity of improving his taste and genius, which were naturally good; and of cultivating betimes, a friendship with those, who either were, or who after became eminent in life : but of all the young men of quality, who then made a figure at court, his kinsman, the celebrated Sir Philip Sidney, was liis darling. From his earliest youth he lived the companion and friend of that great man; and when he died wrote his life.

< Cam. Brit, (in tbe ImC Edition of the old Tianilaion), Vol. I. p. 6ot»

i44 P£E11AG£ OF ENGLAND*

The passion which chiefly prevailed among the yoath of s|rfrit at that time, wa& to go to foreign courts in the train of ambassa- dors } to assist at si^es or battles nnder the conduct of fzmouB generals ; or to sail to the East or West-Indies, in hopes of mak- ing discoveries of new countries, or conquests upon the Spaniards. On the other hand. Queen Elizabeth constantly discouraged those irregular sallies of ambition; as she knew, that if they were in- dulged beyond what the service of the public required, tho king- dom might thereby be deprived of the bravest subjects, and she of her roost valuable servants. Sir Fulke, whose ambition to acquire honour or improvement in foreign countries, was equal to that of any of his age and rank, not being able to obtain leave from his royal mistress to go abroad so often as he desired, was bold enough to make several attempts to go without her leave. But on all those occasions, he was either recalled before he got out of Eng- land, or on his return, was received in such a manner as was most proper to mortify him j being sometimes made to live in her court (as he himself says), a spectacle of disfavour^ too long, as he con^ ceived. I shall give an instance of one of those expeditions, in his own words, taken from the fourteenth chapter of his life of Sir Philip Sidney.

* Lastly, the universal fame of a battle to be fought between the prime forces of Henry the Third, and the religious of Henry the Fourth, the King of Navarre, lifting me yet once more al>ove this humble earth of duty, made me resolve to see the difference between Kings present and absent in their martial expeditions. So that without acquainting any creature, the Earl of Essex ex- cepted, I shipped myself over, and at ray return was kept from her presence full six months, and then received after a strange manner. For this absolute Prince, to sever ill example firom grace, avers my going over to be a secret employment of her's — Protect- ing me to the world with the honour of her employment, rather than she would, for example*s sake, be forced either to punish me farther, or too easily forgive a contempt, or neglect, in a servant so near about her, as she was pleased to conceive it.*

We have still a stronger instance of the noble amMdon which prevailed among the youth of those days (which seems to have succeeded to the ancient ardour of chivalry), in a remarkable pas- sage (Chap. 7.) of Sir Philip Sidney's Life ly Sir Fulke. Sir Philip, in the midst of a court, that esteemed, loved, and almost adored him ) and where he was honoured with the favour and confidence of his royal mistress, languished after the glory of a

EAEL BBOOKB, AMD EARL 09 WARWICK. 345

mightj foreign eipeditioD. He framed with himself a scheme of attacliing the Spaniards in America ; of sobvertiog their go* vemment there; and of laying the foundation of an English set- tlement in its place, upon sncb a plan, as it might become a dorable establishment, and by degrees increase, till it extended its power from ocean to ocean. But knowing the Queen and her Council would never consent, that he should go upon any em- ployment of so hazardous a nature, and so far fh>m England, he secretly concerted the execution of his scheme with Sir Frauds Drake. It was agreed between them, that Sir Francis dnmld have the name and reputation of the project while in England ; but when they set sail, the command should be divided betwixt them; and in the mean while. Sir Philip was to support and quicken the expedition with all his credit at conrt. In conse- quence of this. Sir Francis soon* had a squadron assigned him : all dispatch was used, and no public expense spared in the eqnip- ment. Sir Philip embarked a great part of his own fortune in the adventure ; but carefully kept his design of going himself on board, a Secret from all his relations and friends, excepting Sir Fulke, whom (to use Sir Fulkc's own words), having been bred up with him from his youth, he cho^e to he his loving and behved Achates in this voyage. When the fleet was ready, the two ad- venturers made use of some specious pretence to leave the court, and go to Plymouth, where the fleet then was 5 and where th^ were to wait for a favourable wind. In the mean while Sir Francis Drake*s resolution failed j he durst not risk the Queen** displeasure ; but delayed his departure from time .to time on va- rious pretences, till at last the design of Sir Philip and Sir Fulke, was known at court. The Queen immediately dispafthed mes- sengers to Plymouth to stop them 5 or, if they refused to obey, to «top the fleet. Sir Philip had the courage to withstand this first message (the letters having been intercepted and conveyed secretly into his own hands) : but a second came by a Peer of the realm, with an oflw to Sir Philip, on the one hand, of an employnoent under his uncle the Earl of Leicester, then going General into the Low Countries j and on the other hand, denouncing the se- verest displeasure in case of disobedience. Upon this, our disap- pointed adventurers returned to court, and left Sir Francis to pursue his voyage, from which he returned rather with wealth than honour. After those fruitless attempts to follow his own desires, the fire

345 PEERAGE OF BNGLAND,

of joatk beginning now to abat^ Sir Folke came to be fennUe (as he says himself), thai U was sifficient for the plant to grow where the Sovereign* s hand had planted it: he therrfore am- traded his thoughts, and bound his prospect within the safe limits rf duty, and in such home services as were acceptable to his Sove* reign.

From that time his genius led him, at his leisure honrs^ to the amosement of writing, particularly ia the poetical way. In this he followed the example of his friend Sir Philip Sidney; and though it mui»t be owned the language in that reign was neither pure enoagh, nor sufficiently polished, to admit of the ease and elegance of the best poetry; yet the writings of both those authors abound with noble sentiments, and discover at once genius and good sense. They were not satisfied with the bare amusement of writing; they were both of them great patrons of learning and arti. Sir Fulke" never ceased soliciting Queen Elizabeth, till she promoted the learned Camden to the post of Clarendeux King at Arms ; in gratitude for which, Camden left him in his last will a piece of pkte ; and in hb Britannia,^ mentioning the father of Sir Fulke, he adds, ' whose only son of the same name, doth so entirely devote himself to the study of real virtue and honour, that the nobleness of his mind far exceeds that of his birth ; for whose extraordinary favours> though I must despair of making suitable returns, yet^ whether speaking or silent^ I must ever preserve a grateful remembrance of them.* Likewise, Speed, in. his y Theatre of Great Britain, speaking of Warwick Castle, expresses himself thus, ' The right worthy Kuight,'Sir Fulke Gre- ville, in whose person shineth all true virtue and high nobility ; whose goodness to me ward, I do acknowledge, in setting this hand free from the daily employments of a manual trade, and living it full liberty thus to express the inclination of my mind; himself being the procurer of my present estate.*

The author of the manuscript beforementioned (p. 12), says, ' He was many times elected Knight of the Shire, with that tlirice worthy and honoured Kjoight, Sir Thomas Lucy. A better choyse the countie could not make; for they were learned, wise, and honest.*

« Wood^s AtbeoaB Oxen. Vol. I. p. 410.

* ?i$t 907, in the last Edition of the old TraniUdoiu

r Speed*! Thcit. of Great Brit. p. 53.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 347

He cootinned io the iervke of Qoeen Elizabeth, in some ho- Boorable station or other, daring the life of that Princess: among other employments,' he had the office of the Signet at the Coun- cil in the Marches of Wales, which brought him in jearly abore two thousand pounds $ and at the Queen's death, he was Trea- surer of the Navy, having held that place for some years. Nor were his services unattended with the favour and liberality of his Sovereign ; for besides what he was able to do for his friends (of whom he was never unmindful), having bought up from private hands, some small claims upon Wedgeoock, he obtained from the Queen (44 Eliz.) a grant of that ancient and spacious park, for himself, his heirs and assigns, in as large and ample manner, as John Duke of Northumberland, or Ambrose Earl of Warwick had held it.

*' He had (says Sir Robert Naunton), no mean place in Queen £lizabeth*s favour, neither did he hold it for any short time, or term; for, if I be not deceived, he had the longest lease, the smoothest time without rubs, of any of the favourites. He came to the court in his youth and prime, as that is the time, or never; he was a brave gentleman, and hopefully descended from Willoughby Lord Brooke, and admiral to Henry VIL nei- ther illiterate ; for he was, as he would often profess, a friend to Sir Philip Sidney, and thereof is now extant, some fragments of his pen, and of the times, which do interest him in the Muses, and which shews him the Queen's election had ever a noble con- duct $ and its motions more of virtue and judgment than of fancy. I find that he neither sought for, nor obtained any great place, or preferment in court, during all his time of attendance; neither did he need it ; for he came thither backed with a plentiful for- tune, which, as himself was wont to say, was then better held together by a single life, wherein he lived and died, a constant courtier of the ladies.**

At the coronation of James L July 15th, l603, he was made Knight of the Bath; and soon after was called from being Trea- surer of the Navy, to be Chancellor of the Exchequer; and was admitted into his Majesty*s Privy-Council. In the second of that King's reign, he obtained a grant of Warwick Castle, with the gardens, and other dependencies about it. He then found it in a ruinous condition; the towers and other strong places of it being us^d fir the common gaol of the county. But

2 MS. pntd. p. 12.

348 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

at an expense of about twenty thousand pounds, he repaired and adorned it fier the seat of his family. Moreover, he made a pW" ihas^ of the Temple grounds a^oining, and beautified them with hf.-e a>:d stately plantations; with an intention, as it would seem, to put in execution the design which George Duke of Clarence for-- merly haJ, of making a park of them tmder his windows : a design, which Fhmiis the present Earl Brooke, and Earl of Warwick, since he became lord of the manor, has been able to accompRsh. «Upon the whole, he so repaired this great and venerable, bat ruinous castle, as to render it (as Dugdale says), • not only a place of great strength, hut extraordinary delight; with most pleasant gardens, walks, and thickets: such as this part of England can hardly pa- rallel; so that now it is the most princely seat that is within the midland parts of this realm, Asides the honour of this, grant, he had the^bcnefit of several others from the crown, in the said reign; one of which was a free grant of the manor and lands of Knowle, in the county of Warwick.

It appears from what has been said above, that he had in bis own person, the hereditary right of a Peerage; being, by his grandmother, heir at law to Robert Willoughby, Lord Brooke, who had been called up by writ of summons to the house of Lords. But it was probably not then a point clear in law, that after an honour had been for some time in abeyance in the female line, it could afterwards be claimed by the heir at law; as indeed the question was, but for the first time, and in this very case, decided in the house of Lords (6 William IIL) on the petition of Richard Vemey, of Compton Murdak, Esq. whose claim to the Peerage of Willoughby oj Broke was then admitted; he being grat^dson and heir to Margaret abovemcntioned, who was only sister and heir at law to this Sir Fulke Grevile. But, however that point of law might then have been thought of. Sir Fulke accepted of letters patent, bearing date January 19th, 162O-I, by which he was advanced to the dignity of a Baron of this realm, by the title of Lord BrOoke, Baron Brooke of Beauchamp*s- Court, in the county of Warwick; with limitations of that honour, in defaltlt of heirs male of his own body, to his Kinsman, Robert Grevile, son to Fulke Grevile, of Thorpe Latimer, in the county of Lincoln, Esq, The reasons assigned in the patent for his crea- tion, were his faithful services to Queen Elizabeth and the then present King ; and that he was of noble extraction : bang de«

* Dagd. Warwick, p. 345.

EARL BROOKE, AKD EARL OF WARWICK. a4»

sceoded of the blood of the Net ils, the WUloaghb/Sy and the Beanchfunps. On hit being created a Peer, he resigned his em^ plo^rment of Chancell(» of the Exchequer, and was made oneof the Gentlemen of his Ma]etty*8 Bedchamber. He nerer married; bat being desirous to maintain his fiuniJy in the rank to which he had greatJy contributed to raise it, he fi?eed from iotaii all the eatotes he had inherited from his ancestors -, and addbg to those, such as he bad acquired by grant fitom the crown, or by pur» chase, he settled the wb<^, t^ his iast will and testament, upon hia consta, Robert Grevile (in whose farour he bad obtained th^ lerersioa of his honours), and to the heirs male of his body ^ with the remainder over to the heirs male of Sir Edward Grerile, of Hardd*Park, the third branch of his family.

This will was executed on Fbbruary ISth, 1627-8, and was then witnessed by sereral gentlemen, at that time in his service; among whom was one Haywood, who had been long his servant. Some months afterwards, a codicil was added, granting' annuities to those gentlemen by name ; otnitting, however, this Haywood, whom he probably did not think entitled to his liberality. Hay- wood resented this neglect to such a degree, that a few days afterwards, being alone with his Lord in his bedchamber, in Brooke-house in Holbom, he entered into a warm and insolent expostulation with him ; and in his fury stabbed him in the back. The villain made his escape into another room, which he locked, and before it could be broke open for him to be seized, be mur- dered himself. Lord Broc^e languished a few days with his wound ; but before he died, he ordered another short codicil to be added to his will, in which he left handsome legacies to the surgeons, and others who attended him on this occasion. He died •n September 30th, ld28, in the seven ty-fi Ah year of his age, and was buried with great solemnity; Sir William Segar, Knight, Garter King at arms; Sir Henry St. George, Knight, Richmond Herald ; and Henry Chitting, Esq. Chester Herald, directing the funeral. His body was laid in his own vault, in the great church at Warwick, under a monument, which he had erected himself, with this remarkable inscription :

Fulke Grevile,

Servant to Queen Elixabcth,

Councellor to King James,

and Friend to Sir Philip Sidney,

Trophceum Peccali,

350 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

A list of this Nobleooao's works, with a short Memoir of bim, moj be found in Lord Orpord's Roy&I and Noble Juthors, with Additions by Mr. Park.^ Lord O. calls him " a man of much note in his time ; bat one of those admired wits^ who have lost much of their reputation in the eyes of posterity. A thousand accidents of birth, court-ia?our, er popularity, concur some- times to gild a slender proportion of merit. After-ages, who look when those beams are withdrawn, wonder what attracted the ' eyes of the multitude. He piqued himself most, and it was hb diief merit, on being, as he s^Ied himself on his tomb, thb Frirmo ov Sir Philip Sidnbt.<^ It was well he did not make the same parade of hb friendship with the Earl of Essex : an anecdote I have mentioned before, seems to show that he was not so strict in all his friendships. He had more merit in being the patron of Camden. We are told, that he proposed to write the Life of Queen Elizabetb ; a work not much to be regretted, as he himself acquainted the Earl of Salisbury, that *' though he intended to deliver nothing but the truth, yet he did not hold himself bound to tell all the truth ;'* a dispensation whidi, of all ranks of men, an historian perhaps is the last that has a right to give himself. What he cenceals, is probably the part that would afford most information. It is worth the reader^s while to have recourse co the original passage, where he will find the grots shifts used by Sslbbury to render Sir Fulke*s meditated hbtory abortive; which, however, he setaied to have little reason to dread, after the declaration I have naentioned.*'

Lord Brooke's principal works are contained in the following: Certaine learned and elegant Workes of the Right Honourable Fulke Lord Brooke, written in his youth (md familiar exercise unth Sir Philip Sidney, The several names of which worhes the following page doth declare. London, Printed by E, Pm for Henry Seyle, and are to be sold at his shop at the signe of the Tyger*s head in St, Pauleys Churchyard, 1633. fol. The contents are, 1. A Treatie of Humane Learning. 2. An Inquisition upon Faose and Honour. 3, A Treatise of Words. 4. The Tragcdie of Alaham. 5. The Tragedie of Mustaplia. 6. Ccelica, containing CIX Son- nets. 7. A Letter to an Honourable Lady, &c. 8. A Letter of Travell.d .

*» II. p. 220.

* It wu on this pretence that Lord OrTord introduced, under the artkle of thU Peer, the disparaging sketch of Sir Philip Sidney, which has given such just of- fence.

* An account of this Peer may be found in most of oar Biographical woiks 1

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 351

Upon the death of Fblke Lord Brooke, the elder branch of the family, in the male line, ended } and, as observed before. Mar-. gsret, his sister, carried the honours of the female line into the liMoilj of Femey,

Bat RoBBBT, SECOND LoRD, of the second branch of the fa- milj, who succeeded him in his fortune and title, succeeded him likewise in the honour, being next in male descent from the first Sir Fulke, and Elizabeth his wife, who, as already shewn, was not only heiress of the family of Willonghby of Brooke, but twice descended of the old EarJs of Warwick : for this Robert, second Lord Brooke, and Dorothy bis sister (married to Sir Arthur Hasle- rigg, of Noscly, in the county of Leicester), were the only issue of Fuike Grevllc, Esq. the eldest son of Robert Grcvilc, of Thorpe Latimer, in the county of Lincoln, Esq. second son to the said Sir Fulke Grcvile, and Elizabeth his wife.

This ^Rel>ert, while but an infant of four years, was in a manner adopted as a son by his cousin, the Lord Brooke, who firom that time provided for his education and breeding, so as to render him worthy of the estate and dignity he intended to con- fer upon him. He returned from his travels beyond seas about the Bge of twenty ; and in tiie same year was elected to serve for the borough of Warwick, in the parliament then called, but soon after unhappily dissolved. He succeeded bis cousin, Fuike Lord Brooko at the age of twenty-one, and soon after married Lady Catharine Russell, eldest daughter to Francis Earl of Bedford.

The principles of govemnsent he had imbibed in his education, which were probably confirmed from his intimate connectioa with the Bedford family, made him disapprove of the measmres which were carried on by the court, in the beginning of the reigil of Charles L So deeply was he affected with the grievances com- plained of at that time, and so discouraged at the gloomy prospect that overspread the nation, that he entered into a design with the Lord Viscount Say and Sele, to leave England, and settle in a corner of the world, remote from the oppression of a court. 'Thwc two noblemen procured from Robert Rich, Earl of War- wick, an assignment of part of a large tract of land in North Ame- rica (now part of New England), which he had obtained a grant of from the crown; and in J 635, sent over George Fen wick, Esq.

ptrticokrly Wood j Clbber*s Uves of the Poets ; Biogr. Dram. Biogr. B it. and Biogr. Pice. &c.

« MSS. pned. p. 14 and 17.

i BrU. SfDp. in Amer. VoK I. p. 67, 6S.

S6Z PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to begin a setttoicnt in that coontiy, and prepare a place of re<^ treat for tbem and their friends ^ in conseqcKnce of which a town was there built> which thence bears the name of Saybrook. Bot when afterwards a spirit rose in Enghnd^ in opposition to the ar- bitrary measures of bad administration^ and that there were hopes of reforming the abuses of government^ he laid aside the tbougfals of reciriog from his own country ; and was one of the first who assumed the bddness of asserting the cause of liberty, even in the face of the court, s When the Eong in his expedition against the Scots, A. D, 1639, had summoned the nobility to meet him at York; and it was thought fit, by the whole body of the coun- cil, that a short protestation should be drawn, in which all men should * Profess their lojralty and obedience to his Majesty, and disclaim and renounce the having any intelligence, or holding any correspondence with the rebels;* of the English nobility, the Lord Say, and the Lord Brooke^ positively refused, in the King's own presence, to make any such protestation. They said^ ' If the King suspected their iaysdty, he might proceed against them as he thought fit ; but that it was against the law to impose any oaths or protestations upon them, which were not enjoined by law ; and, in that respect, that they might not betray the com- mon liberty, they would not submit to it.* From that time Lord Brooke proceeded in the measures of his party with steadiness and resolution ; and when the war broke out betwixt the King and the Parliament, and all the great men of England ranged thifem- selves on one side or the other, he adhered to that of the Parlia- ment ; and was in such esteem with those of their party, that (as Lord Clarendon ^ says), ' They had scarce a more absolute 000- £dence in any man than in him.* ^nd yet, from the universal character he had of good nature, justice, and love of his conntry, there is reason to believe, that had he lived to see to what a height the Parliament afterwards carried matters, he would have disapproved of their conduct > and might have been instrumental in moderating the violence of that party, and in establishiog a peace, founded upon the security of the constitution and rights of 4he crown. Lord Clarendon ^ seems indeed to have been of an- other opinion. But it is certain the Earl of Bedford, with whom be lived in the strongest connections, not long after, openly dis- approved of the violence of the Parliament party, and came over from them to the King.

S Clarcnd. fol. Vol. I. r. 93. »» Clircnd. Vol II. p. 114.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. a»

To Ifctre cOi^ectiires abdut wibat might bave been, and retnra to what reall/4id bappeoi he enftgcd ux the civil war od the side of the Parlfomeiitf 0nd such waa his infiuence ia Warwickshire, that he carried with bicn ahnost the whole county. He was of so much the more coD<4quedce to his party, that by him they had the castle of Warwick i which by being sitoaled in the heart of Englaod, and (brti&ed by nature, proved a most convenient place of anna, and one of the strongest of their garrisons.

^ Lord Brooke having, in cotiseqoeoce of a commission from the Parliament, in the months of June and July 1642^ arrayed the militia of the counties of Warwick and Siafibrd, repaired to Lon- don, to procure artillery and military stores for his castle j but before be went, be constituted Sir Edward Peito, of Chesterton, Governor, and left with him one or two pieces of small cannon, and what muskets and ammunition he could spare. On his re- turn with a suitable train of artillery, he was met by the £arl,of Northampton, at Edge Hill, with a considerable body of troops. The two Lords at first prepared for action } but (says the author of the manuscript abovementioned), to prevent the effusion of bloody it was at last agreed between them, that Lord Brooke should return back to Banbury with his ordnance, and that nei-< ther of them should fetch it from thence, without giving the other three days notice. However that may be. Lord Northampton, CO Lord Brooke's return to London, came up to Banbury with a powerful body of horse and foot, surprised the castle, and carried off the cannon. He was no sooner master of this artillery, than he marched to Warwick; and having summoned Sir Edward I\;ito to surrender the castle, be, upon his refiisal, proceeded to besiege it. The siege begun August 7th, and continued till the 2dd of that monlh $ when the Lord Brooke, coming from Lon- don with a body of horse and foot, was met by part of the Earl of Northampton's troops within five miles of Warwick, between Soolham and Itchington, where a skirmish ensued, in which Lord Brooke had the advantage ; and upon this the siege was raised : Lord Northampton retreated towards the North, and Lord Brooke entered the castle, to the great joy of Sir Edward Peito, and his small garrison, who, though poorly provided with ordnance and military stores, had defended the place a whole fortnight.

The Lord Brooke remained at Warwick, or iq the ncighbouc* hood, till near the end of September, when the Earl of Essex^

k MS. pned. p. z8, &c. VOL. IT. . 2 A

ZSi PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

bid iisQt six 80iD»i Algemoo, who died yoang; WtlBani^ a Cap* tain in the Navy; James; anotber son a ClergyniaB; Henry- PVancis, Ibnnerly in the Annj, married, first, a sister of Sir Bel- iingbam Graham^ Bart. -, and, leeondly, tlie widow of Sir Henry Lambert, Bart.i and Charles, married, March 31st, 1793, Lat^ Chariotte Bentinck, daugbtor of tlte Duke oi Portland, by whom he has issue two soas. Also one daughter, fVanoes-Ann> married to John Crewe, of Crewe^HaM, in the county of Chester^ Bsq, now Lord Crewe*-

3. Doddington, who died at Bath unmarried^ in 1738. And>

4. Robert, who died beyond the seas.

Of the seven daughters, Catharine was married to Baptist Noel» Earl of Grainsborough} and, secondly, to John Sheffield, Duke of Buckinghamshire; Anne died unmarried ; Elizabeth, wedded to Francis Lord Guildford ; the three next daughters, Sarah, Mary, at|d Diana, died unmarried; and Henrietta, the youngest, was married to Sir James Long, of Draycote, in com. Wilts, Bart, and departed this life on May 18th, 17^5, at fiath.

The said Fulke Lord Brooke died at his seat at Twickenham, in com. Middlesex^ in the sixty-eighth year of his age, October 22d, 1710.

The abovementioned Francis, the eldest son, married Lady Anne Wilmot, eldest daughter of John, and sister and co-heir of Charles Earl of Rochester (and widow of Henry Baynton, of Spy Park, in WOtshire, Esq.), but died Octoberl)tfa, 1710, eleven ^ays before his father, leaving issue by the said Lady Anne, two sons.

J . Fulke, who succeeded his grandfather.

2. William, who succeeded his brother.

Also two daughters ; Elizabeth, who died unmarried ; and Ca* tharine, who married the lionourable Charles Egerton, youngest son of John Earl of Bridgewater.

FuL&E, SIXTH Lord Brooks, survived his father and grand- lather but five months; and djring at University College in Ox<r ford, in February 171Q-1 1, had sepulture among his ancestors oa March 3d following, and was succeeded by bis brother,

William, sbvemth Lord Brooile, who soon af\er he came qf age, was chosen Recorder of Warwick." He noarried Mary, second daughter and co-heir of the honourable Henry Thynne, Esq. only son to Thomas first Viscount Weymouth. By this Lady (who died on March 29th, 1720), he had three sons; Wil- liam, bapti^ April 2d, 1718, who dM at four months old; Fulke,

EARL BBOQKE, AND EAK. OF WARWICK, zag

htfiSaod April lit, 171ft wbo departad diU Ul^, aged twe&ty-two weeks and six dayi; aod Francis^ created Earl Brooke. ThU William» Locd Brooke^.died in the thiriy-tliird jear of bb age» on July %8th, 1727.

The said FaAvcis, mistEarl^ when he succeeded his father^ as BxoHTH LoKO Brooki, was but eight years old; and soon after he canse of age^ was chosen Recorder of Warwick. Hia Lordabtp^ on July 7th, 1746, was, by letters patent, advanoed to the dignity of an Eari of Great Britain, by the style and title of Eakl BaooKB of Wanvkk^costle, in the county of Warwick i and on July 6th, 1749, was invested with the offices of Lord-i Lieotenant and Gustos Rotulonim of the said county; but he re* signed them in June 17^7* He was, in M'arch I7^3f elected a Knight of the roost aodent order of St Andrew, or the Thistle : and the title of Earl of IVdrwick being extinct by the death of Edward Rich £ad Warwick and Holland, on September yth, 1759, his Maiesty was pleased to add the dignity of Eabl or War* wiCK to his Lordakip*s other titles, by letters patent dated No- vember 27tb, that year, and he afterwards obtained a grant to him and his descendants Earls of Warwick, for bearing the Crest anciently used by the Earls of that county, vie. On a JFreaih a Bear erect Argent, muxxkd Gules, supporling a ragged Stuff tf the firsts

In May 1742, his Lordship married Elizabeth, daughter to the Lord Archibald Hamilton (a younger son of William Duke of Hamilton, by the Lady Jane Hamilton, daughter to James Earl of Abercom). By her, who survived till April 1600, he had^

1. Lady Louisa- Augusta, born April 14th, 1743 (to whom bis Royal Highness the Frince of Wales was godfather^ and the Prin- cess of Wales godooother) : she was married on April 23d, 1770, to William Churchill, of Henbury, in Dorsetshire, Eaq. and has issue.

2. Lady Frances-Elizabeth, bom Mwf 1 1th, 1744, who on July .17th, 1762, was married to Sir Harry Harpur,' of Calke, in Derbyshire, Bart, who died in 1787'

3. Lady Charlotte-Mary, who nurried John» then Lord Gar- lies, since Earl of Galloway, and died May 31st» 1763 1 these daughters were all bom in London.

On September l($th, 1746, he had a son, George, bora at War- wick-Castle (the King doing him the honour of standing god- fiuher by Lord Conway his proxy), who is now Earl <^ Warwick*

s 3/ whom the had the present Sir Henry Harpur.

300 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

On Mardi lst» 1748^ he' hid a fourth daughter^ born at Loo* don» who was christenod IsabeUa, but died the same da/.

On May ]2tb^ 17^» he had a second son, Charles-Francis^ bom at his house at North-End, io the countjr of Middlesez^ member in parliament for the county of Warwick, J 774, and then one of the Lords Commissioners for Trade and the Piantations, and F. R. S. He died April IBOQ.

r. On February dd, ] 7^1, he had a third son, Robert-Fulke, bora la London, who was a Lkutenant in the first regimeot c^ Foot Gnards, with the rank of Captain in the army ; and alao member for the couDty of Warwick, 1774. He is now. Groom of the Bed- chamber to the King; and married, October I91h, 1797> Louisa Countess Dowager of Mansfield ; and has issue. ■

pa August 26tb, 1760, Lady Anne, his Mh daughter, was bom^ and died May 26th, 1783.

His Lordship departed this life at Warwick-Castle, on July 6tb, 1773, and was succeeded io titles and estate by hb eldest son,

Gborgb, second, and present £abl Bbooke and £arl of Warwick, j who at bis succeeding to the Peerage, was one of the Knights for the county of Warwick, and one of the Lords Commissioners for trade and plantations ; and is now Recorder of Warwick, and a Vice President of the Foundling-Hospital. His Lordship was first married on April 1st, 1 77 1, to Georgina, daugh- ter of Sir James Peachey, Bart, afterwards Lord Sdsey -, which Lady was delivered of a son,

George, Lord Ghrevile, their only child, March 25th, 1772, who died at the age of four years.

This Lady dying on April 3d, following, his Lordship remained a widower tillJuly 1776, when he was married to the daughter of Richard Vernon, of Hilton, in the county of Stafford, Esq. by whom he has,

1. Henry Lord Brooke, born April 1 1th, 1779, Colonel of the Warwickshire Militia, and M. P. ,

2. Charles, Lieutenant-Colonel of the 38th Regiment of Foot.

3. Robert.

4. Lady Elizabeth, died January 23d, I8O6.

5. Lady Henrietta, married February gth, 1805, John, Earl of Clonmell.

6. Lady Caroline*

f. Lady Augusta Louisa, 5- Lady Charlotte.

£ABL BROOKE, AND BAKL C^ WARWICK. :^<S^

Titles. Gboroz Grevile, Earl Brooke of Warwick-Castle, and Earl of Warwick, Lord Brooke, and Baron Brooke, of Beao- champ's. Court, in com. Warwick.

Creations. Lord Brooke, Baron Brooke of Beaucbamp*s-Court, in com. Warwick, by letters-patent, January gftb, 1620- 1, 18 Jac. I.; Earl Brooke of Warwick-Cattle, in the county of War- wick, July 7th, 1746, 20 Geo. II.) and Earl of "Warwick, Nb> ▼ember 27th, 1759, 33 Geo. II.

j^rms. Sable, on a cross within a border both ingrailed, OrJ £ve pellets.

Crest. In a ducal coronet^ Gules, a swan with wings expanded. Argent, beak*d. Sable.

Supporters. Two swans Argent, beak'd and member'd Sabk^ and dttcally gorg*d Gules.

Motto. VlX BA NOSTRA VOCO.

Chief Seats. At Warwick^Castle, in the county of Warwii^i and al Ealing^ in Middles^sK.

501 nERAOK OF INGLAND.

HOBART EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.

From Sir James Hobart, Knight, Attomey-getJerel atkl of the Privy CouDcil to Henry VIL do the several branches of the Ho- barts owe their principal rise ; yet the family was of genteel ex« traction iif Norfolk for many generations before.

John Hobart is * mentioned^ in deeds, to be owner of lands at De la Tye, in the said county, in 1389 1 his son Goofrbt, of the same place, is also mentioned in 1407*

And his son John, in 10 Henry VI. who had issue Thomas Hobart of the Tye, and Gedfbrd street, in the said county; and, deceasing in 1458, 37 Henry VI. left issue by his wife Eleanor, daughter and heir of Robert At Church (by his wife Eleanor, daughter and heir of John Taylor, alias Amfrey, or Kellesey),

William, his son and heir, living in 1478, who was &ther of Thomas Hobart, who resided at Leyham, and had issue two sons:

1. William, who had the estate at Leyham, and having mar* ried Anne, daughter to Sir Philip lllney, and heir to her mother; from them descended the Hobarts of Monks Illegh, afterwards of Lindsey ; and the Hobarts of Milding, and others who settled in London.

2. Jamis, the youngest son, by his prudent acquisitions, leA a fine estate to his posterity. He was (says Fuller in his Wor- thies of Norfolk), a right good many of great learning and wis- dom. Being entered at Lincoln's Inn, for the study of the laws, he made such profidencj therein, that in 18 Edward IV*

• £s StemoMtt iaHrit. Mot. N. 1551 Bui KfSS.

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. sflU

^fae Wdi dected Lent reader of that sodetj; aod in the same year wai one of <^ the governors thereof, and lo oontimied till 23 Henry VII. ^ also in 3 Henry VII.<^ was constitnted Attorney- general to the King, and afterwards sworn of his Privy Council^ and continued Attorney-general till his decease in 1507, and was boned \n Norwich cathedral** On February 1 8th, 1502-3, he was made 'one of the Knights of the sword, at the creation of Henry Prhice of Wales, and was in the highest esteem. Dr. Hd- land, in the additions to Camden, gives this account of him : ' The river Yare (saith he), reoeiveth a brook, which passeth by nothing memorable but Halles-Hall, aod that only memorable for the ancieot owner. Sir James Hobart, Attorney-general, and of the Prlvy-Conndl to King Henry the Seventh j )by him dubbed Knight, at such time as he created Henry his son. Prince of Wales I who, by building from the ground the fair church of Lod«> doB, being his parish church, St. Olave's Bridge (oommoidy' called St. Tooley's) over Waveny, that divideth Norfolk and Suf- folk, the causey thereby, and other works of piety, deserved wdl of the drarch, his country, and the common weal, aod planted three booses of his own issue.* From fFeevet^s Fkineral Manu^ metUs, p. 862, we are informed, that he was buried in Loddon chnrch, near hb wife Margaret, daughter of Peter Naonton. Esq. who died before him, A. D. 1494 j and there yet remains in the north chapel, next the chancel, a raised tomb which was inlaid with brass, and two portraitures thereon, but the inscription is defaced; but aocordiiig to Blomefield*s History of Norfolk, and Dr. Browne's Repertoriom, he was buried in Norwich cathedraL He rebuilt the parish church at Loddon, and the bridge at St» 01ave*s, commonly called St. Tooley*s Bridge, and made the causeway by iu They had issue two sons, Walter and Miles Hobart.

WalteK| the eldest son, succeeded at Halles-Hall; and having been kntghted,s was Sheriff of Norfolk and Sofiidk, in 2? Hen- ry VIII. FVom hm,^ and Anne, his first wifo, daughter to Sir Henry Heydon, Knight, descended the Hobarcs of Halles-HaU» and Blyford, in com. Suff. and from his second wife, Ann, daugh-* ter to John Ratcliff, Lord Fitzwalter, and sister to Robert Earl of Sussex, are derived the Hobarts of Moriey, in com. Norf.

^ Pugd. Orfg. Jarid. p. 249. f Ibid. p. 158.

* Dugd. Cbron. Series, p. 75. • IMd. p. 79.

f Non. Eqirir. in Bi^ Cottbo, CUndfot. C. |.

S FuBer^t W«rthief in Norf. k yishatioa of Nori«lk*

9&L PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Miles; second son of Sir James, wm seated at Phunsted, i» Norfolk) and having married Eleanor, yonogest daughter to John Blenerhasset, Esq. of Fiense, in Norfolk, had issue two sons.

1. Thomas. And,

2. John, who married Anne, (laughter of Sir Philip Tilnej* Knight^ and settling at Wajte, in com, Norf. became the founder of that branch.

TflOMAS, the eldest, succeeded to the estate at Unmst^; by his wife Audrey, daughter and heir of William Hare, of Beeston, in com. Norf. Esq. he had two sons;

1. Miles, who received the honour of knighthood, and inhe* rited th6 estate at Piomsted.

' 2. Henrj, who had the estate of lot wood, in Norfolk; also two daughters, Mary and Ellen.

"Which Hbnrt, Jirst Baronet, applied himself to the study of the hiW9{ and, being entered at Lincoln's-Inn, attained such knowledge therein, and grew into such esteem, that in 39 Elix. he was ^elected one of the governors of that society; and in the paritamcnt which met the same year, was ^'returned one of the bwgesses for Yarmouth, as also in 43 £liz. and, two years after»' was called to the degree of Serjeant at Lew. On the accession of King James I. to the English crown; the honour of "^knightbood was Goofbrred both on him and John, his eldest son, July 2dd, l60^. In the first parliament called by that King, he served for the cky of Norwich, and after for Yarmouth. He was so much reverenced for his abilities and learnings that in the third of that reign, he was made ^ Attorney of the court of Wards ; also, in the next year, ^ July 4th, constituted the King's Attorney General. On June 22d,P in the ninth year of King James, he was, by Letters patent, constituted one of the governors of the Charter-boose, at the first institution of that great charity ; and was advanced to the degree of a Baronet at the first erection of that dignity, in l6ll, being the ninth in precedency; also two *i years after, ou November 26th, was constituted Lord Chief Justice of the Corn- mon Pleas; which post he filled with notable sufiSdency, and died therein, December 2^th, 1625; a great loss to the puhlU weal, as Sir Henry Spdman ' writes ; and I find that he contri*

i Dugd. Orig. Jurid. p. %€x, k £x Collect. B. WilHt, Ann.

I Dugd. Cbroo. Series, p. loi. » philpot's Cac of Knigktt, p. 14 and 23*

■ Dugd. Orig. p. a<3. «> Pat. 4. Jtc. I. p. io.

P HigL Account of Tho. Sttttoo, Esq* p. 46*

1 Pat. 1 1 Jac. L p. 5. t Glotsar. Lit.

EARL OF aUGKINQHAMSHIRE, 364

teted 1001. towards new bnildiiig the chapel of LiDcdnVInoi which was finiibed in 1023. His motto* tras, Non Moriar^ sed Fivam. t

^nce hb death have been pnblkhed Bxports of sbvjbrak Law Cases, which bear this title : The Reports of that Reverend aad learned Judge, the Right Honourable Sir Henry Hoheurt^ Kmght and Bart. Lord Chkf fustice ^ bis Majesty's Court q/" Common Pleas, and Chamelior to both their Highnesses, Henry, and Charles, Princes of Wales, &c.

He lieth boried under a feir monument in the middle isle, on the north side, in Christ-Chdrch, Norwich j and by Dorothy his wife, daughter to Sir Robert Bdl, of Beaupre^ll, inTcom. Norf. Knt Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, whom he married at Blickling, on April 22d, 159O, had issue sixteen childwa^ the Mtivides whereof be recorded in a BiUe, bought by the late Ralpb Thoresby, of Leeds, F. R. S. : according to which,

Henry, his eldest son, was born at Norwich, on April 38th, 1591 (but died young, as did three others), and that his twelfth and youngest son, named also Henry, was born on Novemfaef 17th, 1619. Those who survived 'were,

1. Sir John. And,

2. Sir Miles, of whom hereafter.

3. Nathaniel, married to Ann Beke.

4. James, who Wedded Maiy Proud.

5. Thomas.

6. Robert,

7. Edmund," who died October 14ih, 1607, Fellow of Eton college, and was buried in the chapel thereof.

He had four daughters ; the eldest, Dorothy, bom on March 14th, 1591-2, was the first wife of Sir Robert Crane, of Chilton, in Suffdk, Knt. and Bart, and died on April lltb, 1624. The others were Mary j Elizabeth, born on March 17th, 16O8, mar- ried to John Lisle, Esq. and died March 15tb, l633, as appeai« from an inscription on a stone in Highgatc chapel, in Middlesex, where she was buried j Frances, youngest daughter, married to

Hewet, Esq. died on Whitsun-Monday, May 21st, 1632,

and was also buried at Htghgate.

John, second Baronet, the eldest surviving son, bom at Nor- wich, on April igtb, 1593, succeeded in the title of Baronet*

» Dugd. Orig. p. 235. t Harl. MSS. No. 1^51 and 155^, in Brit.Musu

■ LcNcvc, Vol.1, p. 15.

JW PEERAGE OF BNGLANIX

famog been kosghted with hbAdier. He wm nited st lUkft«^ Bngt, ia com. Nor£ a numor hb fbtber htd pmchased^ and bad tailt there a statelf hoaaej he was also posseued of the estate at Pknnstedy opoo the &ilure of the line of his oondD^ Sir Tbocnaa Hobart. He >senred in parliament in I Jac. I. far Corf-Castl^ in Dotaetshire ^ also in that rdgn for Lestwithie!, in Cornwall % and for the borough of Thetford> 1 Car. I. ; and for the ooaotf cf Norfolk^ in the l6th of that reign. He-married two wifesi Pbilippa> daughter to Robert Sidney, Earl of Leicester, b/ whooa be had 6 daughter, Dorothy; and this Lady deceasing in Septem- ber 1620, he, secondly, married Lady Frances, ddest daoghter to John Egerton, first Earl of Bridgwater -, her Ladyship r was bora in London, Anno ld03, and had nine children, of which only one lived to be married, the rest died, all either in their infiincy, or before they arrived at their years of puberty. The daughter that married was » wife to Sir John Hobart Bart, the heir

of her £ither*s honour. This lady Frances Hobart died at Chap* plefield, in Norwich, on Sunday, November 27th, 1664, and was buried in a vault belonging to the BanWy of her dear and noble husband, at Bliokling, in Norfolk, on December 1st following) therein paying her deceased husband a last obedience, who made , it his first request to her upon her marriage day. Sir John dying in 1647, after a long illness, left only a daughter, as is above- mentioned i whereupon the title and estate entailed descended to his nephew, John Hobart, Esq. son and heir of his brother. Sir Miles Hobart, Knight.

Which Sir Milbs Hobart was born at Plomsted, on April I2th, I5g5, and * knighted at Salisbury by James L on August 8th» 1623. He was a member of that parliament which met on March 17th, 1627-8, and distinguished himself in opposing the designs of the court ; being among those members,^ who, on March 2d, 1628 9, foreseeing the dissolution of the parliament, forcibly held the Speaker in the chair, whilst they published a protestation in the house, declaring, 1 • Whoever shall bring in innwatkm of re* Ugiott, or by favour or countenance seek to extend or introduce Popery or Jrminianism, or other opinion disagreeing Jrom the true and orthodox church, shall be reputed a capital enemy to this king^

X WilUt's Not. Pari. p. 159, 188, a lay 246. y Sennon preached at her Ladyship^g funeral, by Mr. John ColGofi : Londoo printed 1669, under the title of T%e Excetleru fftman,

* It was not by this wife that bit hein were descended. « Phllpot, p. 87. h Rushwortk*t Hist. Collections, p. 670.

£A£L OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. S67.

dam end c&mmmumtalik, 2* fFhoever shM annuel or advise the taking and levying of the subsidies of tonnage and pamdage, not granted by parliament, or $haU he an actor or instrument therein, shall be likewise reputed an innovator in the government, and ca* pital enemy to the kingdom and commonwealth. 3. If any mer* chant, or person whatsoever, shall voluntarily yield, or pay the subsu&es of tonnage and poundage, not being granted by parUa* ment, he shall lH^wise be reputed a betrayer of the liberties of England, and an enemy to the same. On this the parliament was iminediately du9olfed> and Sir Miles Hobart was imprisoned ^ for locking the door of the house^ during the puUishing the aforenud protestation. He was not discharged^ before the year 1^1, and then was obliged to give sureties for his good behaviour. Whe* ther he was again imprisoned, or what other hardships he nn-* derwent, does not appear ^ but, djing in 1649, before the civil wars broke ont, his sufferings were esteemed so meritorious by the long parliament/ that thejr voted, in the year I646, that 50001. shouK) be given k> his children, in recompence thereof, and for opposing the illegalities of that time. He married Susan, daughter to Sir John Peyton, of Iselham, Bart, by whom he had issue John, his son and heir, and a daughter, Alice, married to John Jermy, of Bayfield, in Norfolk, £sq.

Sir JoHW Hobart, third Baronet, who was twelve years ok) at his father's death, succeeding his uncle as t>eforeroetttioned, was Knight of the shire for Norfolk, in the three last parliaments called by Charles II. and had the honour of a visit from that King, at his seat at Blickling, at which time he knighted Henry, his eldest son.' Sir John, by Mary his first wifp, daughter of Joha Hambden, of Hambden, in com. Bucks, £sq. and widow of Colo* Del Hammond, had also issae>

1. Sir Henry.

2. James Hobart, Esq. his second son^ who died in his Other's lifetime, aged near niue years, and was buried at Blickling on 'October 23d, 167OJ also two other sons.

3. John, a Brigadier^General in the army of his late Majesty, and Captain and Governor of Pendennis-castle, in the county of Cornwall, who died at his house in Queen -street, Lincoln Vlnn- Fields, on November 7th, 1734, and was buried at filickling. And,

c Riubworth's Hitt. Collections, p. 677. * Whitlocl/t Mem. p. x6.

• Ibid. p. zsa. f Le Neve, Vol V. p. 89.

PEERAGE OF ENCLANIT.

4, Thomas, who was of LuKx^aVInn, aod diod unmaRiod.

AUo two daughters; Philippa, mamed to Sir Charlea Pyej of Clifton-Camvile^ in the county of Sta£Ebrd> Barti and Mary, who died unmarried*

' Sir John married, secondly, the daughter and heir of his nnde^ Sir John Hobart> by Lady Fcances^ Egerton.s

Sir Henry* fourth Baronet, succeeded hb father in the title and estate, and was elected one of the Burgesses for Lynn*R^;is;^ kk the parliament that met at Oxford, 23 Car. II. and sat with his ^ther, who served in the same paiiiament, as Knight of the shire for Norfolk. He engaged among the first wl^o appeared for the Revolution; and in the Convention Parliament (being one of the Knights of the shire for Norfolk)^ declared for the vacsncy <£ the throne He was gentleman of the horse to King William, and attended on him at the battle of the Boyne, in Ireland^ on July 1st, l6gO. In the 7th year of that Ptince*s reign, he was again elected one of the Knights of the shire for Norfolk, and eonstantly behaved himself like a man of honour, and a true pa- triot of his country 5 but in 16^, resenting some words spoken by Oliver LpNeve, Esq. a duel ensued, wherein he was mortally wounded. He was buried at Thetford; and Mr. Le Neve, being tried at Norwich, on Mardi l6th, 16&9-1700, was found guilty of manslaughter. Sir Henry's Lady was the eldest- daughter of Joseph Maynard, Esq. son and heir of Sir John Maynard, Knight, one of the commissioners of the Grea^ Seal in the reign of King WiUiam } which Lady survived him, and died of a consumption 00 August 22d, ] 701 } aod by her he had issue one son^i

John, ^rst Earl of Buckingliamshire, And

Three daughters; 1 . Henrietta, married, first, to Charles How- ard^ ninth Earl of Suffolk ^^ and, secondly, to the Hon. George

■ r It appcirs by the funeral termon before quoted, that by this daughter an4 heiress of his uncle, Sir John Hobart, Bart, after several years he had a son, after which this Lady did not long survive, dying of the Small-poE (several years be- fore her mother), and her son and only child, died soon after.

^ She lived at Marbte-hiU, Twickenham ; and was a well-knovn tcqoajntance of Pbpe, the Pbet, under the nanne of <* Mrs. Howard.** Sh« was in much fa- vooi with Kiag George II. an influence which is supposed to have contributed ^to the grant of her brother*! Peerage. See Coxe's Memoirt of Sir R. Walpole,

I. ;i79-

" Having (uj% Coxe}, ingrafted herself into the favour of Queeo Caroline, then Electoral Princess, the acconopanied her to England, and became her Bed- chamber woman. If we were to draw an estimate ofthe underitandmg and cha- racter of Mn. Howard, from the representations of P*pe, Swift, and Ga^, duilng.

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 90g

Berkeley^ Esq. foqrth son of Charles second Earl of Berkeley. a. Catharine, wedded to Lieutenant Greneral Charles ChurcbilL And, 3. Dorothy, who died unmarried.

JoHN,FiKST Earl OP 6ucKiNG»AUSHiRE,only8on of Sir Henry, was in the fiflh year of his age at his father's decease. He was edu« catedat Clare^hall in Cambridge, and afterwards travelled beyond the seas; from whence on his return, he was elected a member ^r the borough of St. Ives, in the county of Cornwall, in the first parliament called by George I.- and in 1722 for the said borough $ also for the borough of Beer- Alston, in Devonshire. On Sept. 22d, ^ 1721, he was constituted one of the Commissioners for trade and the plantations^ and on June 17th, 1/25, was installed one of the Knights Companions of the most honourable Order of the Bath. At the accession of his late Majesty, he was made Treasurer of the Chamber 5 and elected one of the Knights of the shire for Nor- folk, as also chosen for Beer- Alston. And was advanced, on May 28th, 1728, to ihe dignity of a Baron of this realm, by the title of LoBD HoBART, Baroit Hobari of BUckliYig, in the county of Norfolk: and, on January 31st, 1739-40, was sworn Lord-Lieu- tenant of the county of Norfolk. On his Lordship's resigning lis post of Treasurer of the Chamber, his Majesty constituted him, on December 24th, 1744, Captain of the band of Gentlemen Pensioners 5 and on January 3d, following, he was sworn of the Privy Council. Also on September 5th, )746, he was advanced to the dignity of an Earl of the kingdom of Great Britain, by the name, style, and title of Earl of Buckinohamshirb.: and, a^ such, took his seat in the house of Peers, on November l6th fol- lowing.

Hit Lordship married to his first wife, Judith, daughter to Ro- bert Britiffe, 6f Baconsthorpe, in Norfolk, Esq. by whom he had issue three sons.

1. Henry, who died an infant.

the time of ber favour, we might suppose that she possessed e?ery accomplish* meot and good quality which were ever the lot of a woman. The real truth it, that Mrs. Howard was more remarkable for beauty than for understanding, and the passion which the King entertained for her, was rather derived from chance, than from any combination of those transcendent qualities which Pope and Swift aKribed to their court-divinity. She had been long wholly unnoticed by the Prince, who was enamoured of another Lady, that was ihore cruel to the royal lover than Mrs. Howard. This Lady was the beautiful and lively Mary Bellen* den, daughter of Lord Bellenden, Maid of Honour to Queen Caroline, when Princess of Wales, and a great friend of Mrs. Howard.*' She lived to an advancsd age, not dying till 1767. .

V0L< IV. 2 B

VO PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

2. John, second Etirl of Boddnghamshire. And,

3. Robert^ who died in the eighth year of his age^ on May 22d^ 1733.

He had also five daughters ; wherec^ Lady Dorothy^ on Octo- ber 21st> 1752, married Charles Hotham^ Esq. Colonel of the first regiment of Foot Guards (and eldest son of Beaumont Hotham^ Esq. one of the Commissioners of the Customs), who afterwards succeeded to the Baronetage, and took the name of Thompson. She died I7gs, leaving. one daughter^ The others died infants.

The said Lady, Judith, dying on February 7th> 1726-7, his Lordship married, secondly, on February 10th, 17^7-8, EliaEabeth, suter to Robert Bristow, Esq. one of the Clerks Comptrollers of his Majesty's Household, and by her had two sons 5 viz«

4. George, third Earl.

5. Henry,, who sat many years in parliament) of which he was an active member. He married. Anne-Margaret, daughter of John- Bristow, Esq. and by her, who died July 12th, 17S8, had issue, 1. Anne-Catharine, married, September 23d, 1784, Montagu. Wilkinson, Esq. 2. Maria-Anne, married Captain Frazer. 3. Leo* nora. 4. Henry, in Holy Orders. Their father died May 10tb» ^799 f M.P. for Norwich, and Chairman of the Committee of Ways and Means.

His Lordship died at his house In St. James's Square, London, on September 22d,. 1756-, and was succeeded by hb eldest son Jphn> Lord Hobart, second Earl of Buckinghamshire. His Lady aurrived him till September 1762.

John, second Eakl ofBuckinohamshirb, whilst he bore the title of Lord Hobart, was returned at the general election, in 1747> both for the city of Norwich, and the borough of St. Ires: but chose his seat for the former ; and was Knigbt of the Shire for Norfolk, when he succeeded to the peerage. His Lordship, in February ]7^» exhibited a noble instance of public spirit and regard for matrimony, by allotting an annual donation of ten guineas to five young women, daughters of freemen of Norwich^ upon their marriage with the sons of freemen. In his father's lifetime he was comptroller of his Majesty's household ; and soon after his accession to the peerage^ was constituted a Lord of the Bedchamber, and sworn of the Privy Council. When the present King ascended the throne, his Lordship was continued at the council-uble, and Lord of the Bedchamber ; which last he re- signed November 6th, 1767. On July 17th, 1762, he was de- clared Ambassador-extraordinary and Flenlpoteniiary to Peter IlL

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 371

Emperqr of Russia; bat that Prince <3epartiog this life aboat that time, bis Lordship was employed in the same quality to his Im« perial consort and successor^ Catherine 11. He resided at the Russian court till January 1st, 176^> when he had an audience of leave of that Princess 3 and arriving at Lobdon, on March 28th following, met with a very gracious reception from his Majesty. In 177^^ his Lordship was appointed Lord Lieutenant General and General Grovemor of the kingdom of Ireland ; and arriving at Dublin on January dd, 1777> was immediately twom into the said high office, and took upon him the government of the said kingdom.

His Lordship first married on July 14th, 1761, Mary- Ann, eldest daughter and coheir of the late Sir Thomas Drury, of Over* stone, in Northamptonshire, Bart, by whom he had four daugh* ters.

1. Henrietta, bom April 7th, 17^2, married in March 1780, Annar Corry, Earl of Belmore; and being divorced in 1792, re« married William, Earl of Ancram.

2. Caroline, bom February 24th, 1767» married, June 4tb, 1792, the Hon. William Asheton Harbord, eldest son of Lord Suffield.

3. Sophia, bom April 5th, 1768, married, February 25th, 1 789, Richard Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, and had issue.

And , bom December 1769, of whom her Ladyship died

In childbed, and was buried at Blickling.

His Lordship, on ^ September 24th, 177O, took to his second wife, Caroline, daughter of William Conolly, of Stratton-Hall, in Sitafibrdshire, Esq. by his wife Lady Ann Wentworth, daughter of William Earl of Strafford, by whom he had issue,

1. Lady Amelia-Anne, bom February 20th, baptized March 12th, 1772 J married June 9th, 1794, Robert Viscount Castle- reagh.

2. John Lord Hobart, born August 30ih, 1773, and died De- cember Istv J 775.

3. Henry Philip, born Fcbraary llth, baptized March 8th, 1775, and died February 15th, 177<5. •

4. Lord Hobart, born 1777, died at Dublin Castle, October 30th, 1778.

His Lordship died August 3d, 1 793 1 and was succeeded by hia next brother,

i Register of marriages iir the parish of St. George, HaapYcr-iquaxe.

3^2 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Gboeob, thiw) Earl of Buckinohamshiei, vrho manied, in May 1757, Albinia, daughter and ooheir of Lord Vcrc Bertie^ bj vhom he had issue,

1. George, who died young.

2. Robert, jwesent Earl.

3. Henry Lewis, in Holy Orders, Prebendary of Canterbury, and Rector <rf Chipping Warden, Northamptonshire.

4. George Vere, in the Army, died in the West Indies, 1802, having married Miss Macleane, daughter of Colonel Madeane, of Coll, by whom he left issue a son, now a Midshipman on board the Tigre, &c.

5. Lady Albinia, born 1759, married Cumberland, Esq.

deceased (son o^ Richard Cumberland, Esq.), who left issue by

her.

6. Henrietta Anne Barbara, married May 29th, 1789, the Right Hon. John Sulliyan, by whom she has issue.

7. Lady Charlotte, married May 28th, 1789, Edward Desbo* rough Taylor, Esq.

8. Lady Maria Anne, married September 30th, 178O, George, late Earl of Guildford, and died in 1794, leaving a daughter.

The Earl died November 13th, 1804, and was succeeded by his eldest son,

RoBBKT, present and fourth Eail, bom May 6tb, 176O, brought up in the Army, in which he roee to the rank of Major; acted as Secretary to the Marquis of Buckingham, when Lord Lieutenant of Lr^nd, 17893 and to his successor. Lord West- moreland, 1790; in 1794, was nominated Governor of Madras, which he retained till 1797. In 1801, he was made Secretary of State for the War Department; and in February, I8O6, Joint Post-Master General. He was called up by writ to the House of

Lords in 1798. He married, first, Henrietta, relict of Ad-

derley, by whom he had a daughter, Jane, born 1794; and, se- condly, June Ist, 1799; Miss Eden, daughter of Lord Auckland.

Titles. Robert Hobart, Earl of Buckinghamshire, Lord Hobart, Baron Ho];)art of Blickling> and Bart.

Creations. Baronet, May 22d, 161I, 9 Jac. I.; Lord Hobart, Baron Hobart of Blickling, in Norfolk, May 28th, 1728. 1 George 11.; Earl of Buckmghamsbire, September 5tb, 1746, 20 George 11. " • '

yirms. Sable, a star of eight rays. Or, between two flanchcs Ermine.

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. B7Z

Crest On a wreatfa> a bull passant^ party per pale^ Sable and Gules^ all bezanty, and a ring in bis nose^ Or.

Supporters. On the dexter side a 8tag> on the sinister a talbot, both proper and r^oardant^ each having a radiant collar and line^ Or.

Motto. AUCTOR PRITI08A FACIT.

Chuf Seat. At Nocton^ Lincolnshire.

374 P££RAG£ OF ENGLAND.

FITZWLLTAM EARL FITZ- WILLIAM.

Iw 1565, Hugh Fitz- William, of Sprotburgh, in com. Ebor. Esq. with great cost, care, and industry, collected the records of bis family, from which this account is deduced -, and for the verity thereof, it will not be improper to relate some particulars, set forth by the said Hugh Fitz-William, in a very curious manu« script, now in the custody of the present Earl Fitz-William, be- ginning thus :

' The burninge of three great Bagges of evidence of the Fitz- Williams, by Sir Henry Savell, of Tankersley, who married Eli- zabeth Suthill, sole daughter and heir to Margery Fitz-WiDiam, pretendinge title, by the right of his wife, to the lordshippes of Emley, Sprotburgh, Warenhall, Darington, Cromwell, Athwike, Bodington, Basforde, Hathelsey, Plomtree, and others; and mean- inge thereby to deface the bloode and name forever, hath moved me, Hugh Fitz-William, nowe eldest sonne to John Fitz-Wil- liam, late of Sprotburgh, and of Hathilsey, to gather together all such pieces of evidence and matter of recorde, as by diligent scru- tiny I could fynde in the Tower, in th' Exchequer, in the Bowles, and in the office of the Haraldes, thereby to maintayne the right of the said lordshippes to the bloode and name. And further to declare, from what noble Progenyes the bloode and name are descendid, as well within this realm, as in forrayn contreys. The which accordith with th* olde and new Testament, to mayntayne antiquity, nobility, and birthright

' For the veryfyeing of every pardcular of this descent, and to shew that Hugh Fitz-William, fourth son" to John Fitz-William, the younger, of Sprotburgh, and of Hathilsey, is now the next heir male of tlie Fitz- Williams, Lordes of Emley; and for a per*

SARL FirZ-WILUAM. $/f9

petaall memoiy of the trath thereof^ these geotleoien of the bloode/ and naroe^ whose names are here ooder written, have subscribed iivith th* officers of arraes ; whereonto the three Kings of Armes have sette the seals of their offices, of every their several provinces, the thirde day of Maye, in the yere of our Lord MCCCCCLXV, ^th their severall declaracions as followeth^ verbatim, videlicet.

* Whei^eas it may right well seeme, sondry of honour and wor- ftbippe of this name, by sloutbe and negligence, have bin omitted and lefte ovte of this lyne^ as Sir John Fitzwilliam, Knight, in the dayes of King Hetiry the Third; Sir Raufe Fitzwilliara, Baron of Graystoke, in the days of King Edward the First; Sir George FitzwiUiam, Knight of the Bath, in the days of King Henry the Eighth; Sir William FitzwiUiam, ef Windcsorc, Knight, one of the Privy chambre to King Edward the Sixt, and others; the offspringe whereof affirme, by reporte of their fathers, that they be descendid osvte of Emley, and Sprolburg. But T cannot fynde^ by diligent scrutiny, howe, neither by my evidence, nor matter of recorde, to their greate displeasure, being utterly owte of helpe, withoute j;reat 4x«te of further ^erche. I have therefore thoughte k good, and my dutie by the iaw of nature, for justice sake, to preseme the rest of the lyne, and combyne them togither, for that they be dispersid into several counties of this realme, 9nd is, by ihe lawe of God, successivjely ioheritajble to the same, accordioge, as they be sette owte with there due differences in this booke. Taking God to witness^ that I have not omitted^ or left owte any one of the name^ that I coulde by eny nieans have authorite for my doinges, either by evidence, or the ipemory of manue. And have traveylid with every one of the nam|^ that J could heere of, sondry tymes, to my greate costei and charges with theim, and theire freindes, to know by what auctoritie, either by mater of reoorde, or memory of maune, that may menteyne ther descent apd birtheright: and have set them foojrthe accordin^y, and of as nveny as I could obteyne auctoryte for the same. And for a per- petuall memory of the trutbe herof, I have subscribed my name, ihe thirde daye of Maye, Anuo Domini MCCCCCLXV, and in the viith yere of the prosperous reigne of our Sovereyne Lady Elizabeth,' by the grace of God Queene of Englande, France, and Irelande, defcndour of the faith, isfc. By me Hugh Fitx^ finlUam de Sprolslurg, in com. Ebor, And hereunto also hath set my scale of armes ILoserige'] with the Kinges of Armes,*

The rest of the family subscribed as follows :

' By me, William FitxwilUam, of Milton, Knight, and eldest

$76 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

brother of that house, with the rest of my Hood, suhscrihed here"

' John FitxunUtam de Milton, in com, Northampton. ' By me Brian FitzuHliam de Getnsparke, in Essex.

* In the verify in ge of the truthe of this descent, I doo subserve my name William F^tzuilliam de Ltncohe,

* I have perusid the evidence of the origin all of the particulars 6f this descent, and for the verifienge of the truth thereof, I have sett to my hande, with the rest of my b/oode and name, by me Gervis Fltzwilliam of Bent ley.

* By me William Fitzwilliam, eldest sonne to John FitzwilRani of Kingesley, in Hampshire,

' William Fltzunlliam de P lorn tree, *■ George TitzwilUam of Hathilsey.

* Thomas Fitzwitliam, eldest sonne to Frauncys Fitxwilliam of Fenton^

' By me John Fltzwilliam, sonne andrheire to Richard FUxtvil*

Uam ofRingstede,

' Charles Fitzwilliam de Swandbie, in com, Nottingham* Also Sir Gilbert Dcthicke, Grartcrj Harvey, Clarencieux; and

"William Flower, Norroy, King of Arms, signed the following

certificates. *

* I have exactly examyned this descent, with the recordes of myne office, and do fynde the same to agrce-with this booke; and that the above namyd Hugh Fitzwilliam, sonne to John Fitz- william, now is the next heire male of Sprotburgh and Elmelcy, &c. and for the verification of the truth hereof, I have subscribed my name, and set to the scale of myne office. Per me G. Dc- thicke, alias Garier principall Kingc of Armes, 1565/

* Although the order of this descent is sufficient to satisfyeeny judge, alleadginge such auctoritie of recorde and evidence, being thoroughly perusid and subscribid of the cldist of every severall braunche of the bloode and name thereof, ratyfycnge the true naminge and placinge of there cotes, with there due diferenccs, of every one of their auniestors, that is to be knowne presently, cither by mater of recorde, or memory of manne, fathers, mothers, uncles, auntcs, brolhrcn and sisters: ncvcrthdesse, being emestly requested, I have conferrid the saide descent with the records of myne office, and also conferried the evidence and recordes men- tioned in the safne with the originalls, brought unto me by Hugh Fitzwilliam, the next heire male, now of Emley and Sprotburgh,

\ it may appeere by the same. And in the verif}'inge the truthe every particular of this descent, I have subscribed my name.

EARL FITZ-WILLIAM. 377

and sette the scale of mync office, the day and yecre abore writ- ten, William Harvey, alias Clarcncieux Roy d'Armes.'

• I Norroy Kinge of Armes, hare thoroughly perused this de- scent of Hugh Fitzwilliam, with the bookes of my recordes; and for the verifyenge of the truth thereof, I have subscribid my name, and set thereunto the seal of myne office. Per moy Wil- liam Flower, alias Norrey Roy d* Armes.'

The first mentioned in the said pe3igree is Sir William Fitz- Godric, cousin to King Edward the Confessor. His son and heir.

Sir William Fitz- William, being Ambassador at the court of William Duke of Normandy, attended him in his victorious ex- pedition into England, as Marshal ©f his army, A.D. 3066; and for his bravery at the battle of Hastings^ on October I4ih, that year (when King Harold lost the crown with his life), the Con- queror gave him a scarf from his own arm. This Sir William Fitz- William married Emma, daughter and heir of Monsieur de So- labis, a Norman Knight, and by her was father of

Sir William Fitz- William,* who is said in the manuscript before mentioned, and in several pedigrees by different antiquaries and heralds, to have wedded Eleanor, daughter and heir of Sir John Elmley, of Elmley and SprotJ)orough, &c. in Yorkshire, and to have had issue.

Sir William Fit?-William, Lord of Elmley and Sprotburgh, who was living in 11 J7, as appears from his agreement that year with the monks of Biland, wherein he is wrote William son of William, and grants to tlie said monks a piece of his wood in Elmley, viz. from the way which comes from the Monk's-Mill, as far as Benetly, and from thence to Dyrne, and so through Dyrne to the Sart of Simon, and thence through the dry ground which comes from Simon's houses, to Simon s gate, and to the highway leading from Emmclie, and so to Walter's Sart, and thence to Tonelie Dry Way, and so as far as Emmelie-Mill, and thence to the Monk's-Sart, and sp to the Monk's-Mill. And whatever oak shall be standing, to do with the same as they shall think proper, and to hold it for ten years, paying fourteen marki at Michaelmas. And that no person be permitted to meddle with the said wood besides those who have Sarts there, Simon dcTorp** men, and the men of the upper town, &c. This agreement com- menced on the day of the incarnation of eur Lord, 1 1 17,

ft Liber. Coll. marked 4th D. 15, in the Herald*! office.

/

9}0 VEE&AGE OF ENGLAND*

To tfab gnnt, in a round seal^ is represented a man on boTM- back completelx armed, and circumscribed^ S. JFUlnd FU^ WVlnd Dm. de Emmalaia. And on the reverse, the arms of Fits- Witliam> viz.-Lozeng^.

This Su: William Fitz^William, or one of his desc^endants, caosed a cross to be set up in the high-street at Sprotborongb, with these words engraven on brass :^

Whoso is hungry, and list, well eate.

Let him come to Sprodburgh to his meata ;

And for a night, and for a day.

His horse shall have both com aod hay.

And no man shall as]|L him where he goeth away.

Which cross was pulled down in the year of our Lord 1520.

The son and heir of the last Sir William Fitz- William was, after his own nhme,^

Sir William Fitz- William, Lord also of Elmlcy and Sprot* burgh^ who had to wife ^ Ella, daughter and coheir of William de Warren, Earl of Surrey, grandson of William Earl of Surrey, by Gundred his wife, daughter of King William the Conqueror, by Maud, daughter of Baldwin Earl of Flanders,^ and Alice, daughter of Robert, King of France.

Sir William Fitz- William, the eldest son, succeeded to the inheritance of Elmly, Sprotburgh, &c« in 1 14Q, and married Al« breda, daughter of Robert de Lisoures, and sbter of the half blood to Robert de Lacy, Lord of Pomfiet, alias Pontefract, and also widow of Richard Fitz-Eustace, Constable of Chester. Sir Wi]« liaiQ Fitz- William left her in her second widowhood, in 1184,

^ From manuscript in the custody of the Rt. Hon. William Earl Fiti-WiUram, c Chitting tc Jekyi, prxd. ^ lb. & MSS. prvd. p. 31 Sc 4.

e Which Baldwin was lineally descended from Baldwin, Foreitier ik Ardero, ftrst Earl of Flanders, and his wife Judkh, the widow of Ethelwolf King of Eng- bsd, and daughter of Cbarleft the Bald, King of France, son of Le^s King of Francis, $on of Charlemagne, King of France, and Emperor of the Romans. By which great Lady Sir William Fitz- William had issue two sons, Sir William Fits- William^ and Roger Fits-Wiinam,* to whom William, Earl Warren, gave the lordship of Gretewell, to him, bis heirs and assigns, paying yearly, at Whitsuntide, two pair of gilt spurs. To which grant is appendant, on a seal, a man completely armed on a courser, and on the reverse, a shield chequy, the- arms of the said Earl,

• Ibid. MSS. p. 4.

EARL FTTZ-WILLIAM, 37p

jmd she wi^ fiving ia 1193> at ^appears by a £.nt levied April Ist^ that jear, and to which is appendant the broad seal of King Ri- chard f. There are likewise deeds. In the said manuscript, of the befbre-mentioned Albreda, which prove she had a son. Sir 'William Fitz-William, and a daughter, Donatia, to whom she g»ve lands in Crowle, Sir William Fitz- William, her son, joining in the conveyance; to which is a round seal of th6 arms of Fitz- WUliam.

The add Sir William Fitz- William (son of Albreda), is men- tioned in several deeds without date, whereunto the arms the famUy now bear are appendant. And by a fine levied at Leicester^ on Wednesday after the feast of St. Andrew, in 1208, he grants the advowson of Marham-church to Friar Hemer, master of the Knights Templars in England. He married Ella, daughter to Hamdine Plantagenet, natural brother to King Henry II. and Earl of Surrey, in right of his wife Isabel, daughter of William de Warren, Earl of Surrey. By the said Ella, Sir William had a son and heir.

Sir Thomas Rtz-William, who in 1226, 10 Henry III. con- firmed the grant, which Albreda his grandmother made to the priory of Haverhdme (in Lincdnshire), of lauds in Wardeberg. He sdso granted to the said priory, the Wold fiom Chipston to- wards Daneberhon, and from Stanton to Cotgrave, paying yearly half a mark. He married Agnes, daughter of Roger Bertram, Baron of Mitford, in Northumberland, and sister of Roger ; and had with her by way of portion, the manor of Steinton, besides a rent of 50 s. yearly, in the manor of Gretam, by grant from the said Roger, to him and such heirs as he should beget of the said Agnes. In 26 Henry III. the truce 8 being broke between the King of England and Lewis Vlll. King of France, he was com- manded to repair to the King with horses and arms, according to the service he owed, in order to enter France, and thereby gain honour to himself and the kingdom. This Sir Thomas had, in 37 Henry III.** a charter for free warren in his lordships of Plometree, in Nottingharnshire, Bambrough, and Darrington, La Yorkshire | and for a market at his manor of Eln^ley every week, on Thursday, and a fair to be held every year, op the eve and day of Holy-Cross, and the three fpUowing days. In 1253, he " granted and confirmed to Roche Abby all those lands, tenements^

f MSS. ut aotea. p. & teq. t Rymer't FeOera, Vol. I. p. 404. ^ Claus. 27 Henry UL

360 P£K|lAGB OF ENGLAND.

&c. which they bdd in the town of Mar, bj gift of JoidaD^ wa

of Philip de Mar. He also gave lands to Byland Abbey^ and Ham- pal ; likewise con6rmed the gift of John^ Constable of Cbetter^ his uncle» to Welbcck-Abbey. He left issue^

1. Sir William^ who succeeded him.

2. Sir Roger, to whom he gave tlie lordship of WoodhalL Andy

3. Peter^ to whom he gave the lands id Denby> alias Denbigh. Also four daughters: Margaret^ to whom he gave lands in

Thorpe, Rytone, Lyme, and Hallyhope; and to his daughter Agnes, lands in Hangthwaite, Adwick, and Stedfold; also to another, named Bartha, he gave Steanton, and Ramita; and the fourth, AlbredH, was married to Sir Richard Walleis, of Bi:ftgh- walleis, Knt. all of which is proved by ancient evidences.

The said Sir Roger Fitz- William, of Woodhall, second son, wedded Maud, daughter of Sir John Bosvile, of Erdesleyt and by ber had an only son and heir, John Fitz -William, who, by Alice his wife, daughter of William Middleton, of Stockcld, in York- shire, was father of another John Fitz- William, who married Catharine, daughter and coheir of Robert Haringal, of the comity of York (by Margaret his wife, daughter of William St George* of Hatley St. George, Cambridgeshire), and by her had is6iie,fttwo sons, Thomas and Roger, who died bachelors; and fom" daugh- ters ; viz. Isabel, the wife of Thomas Barley, of Woodsom, in Yorkshire ; and Catharine, Margaret, and Joan, nuns. The said Thomas Barley, by his wife Isabel, had two daughters, Marga- ret, married to John Drax, Esq. who in her right became loid of Woodhall i and Mary, wedded to John Bosvile, of Erdesley, Esq.

Sir William Fitz- William, eldest son of Sir Thomas, married Agnes, daughter of Richard Lord Grey, of Codnor. To this Sir William, Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, gave a fee of twenty 'marks per annum; and he was also seised of four Knights fees in the honour of Pontefract, viz. one in Darrington, and three of Lizours, in Sprolburgh, Cateby, Athwick, and elaewhere* By fine, in ^49 Henry III. he granted, in dower, to Agnes his mother, the manor of Plumtree, in com. Nottingham, during her life. By indenture, dated at Pontefract, March 25th, 1287, be binds himself to Edward and his heirs, in all his lands and chat- tels, and made oath to assist him, and his heirs, in all quarrels and enterprizes. In the same year, on November 10th, the King granted him licence to turn the highway, which was throng the

EARL ETTZ-WILLIAM. a$l

xniddle of bis Park at Ehnley, provided he made another way of the same length and breadth, through the western part of that Piark^ cbmmodious for passengers^ to contain in length 360 perches, and 60 £ctt of land. In 19 Edward I. the King from Roxburgh, on January 29th, signifies, that, understanding his faithful Knight, Sir William de Fitz- William, is in such an ill state of body that he cannot well travel ; and having sent him two armed men and two archers, who are in hb army in Scotland, therefore he excuses his coming to him, and commands his being not molested on that account.

Sir William Fitz- William, his' son and heir, by the. said Agnes, married Maud, daughter of Edward Lord Deyncourt; and was found by inquisition^ bearing date the 5th Edward 11. to be one of the heirs of Roger Bertram, Baron of Mitteford. In the first year of Edward III. he was summoned to Parliament among the Barons of this realm } and in the fifth of that reign, gave lands to the nunnery of Hampall, near Doncaster, in Yorkshire. By his said wife, Maud, he had four sons.

1. Sir John Fitz- William, bis heir.

2. Robert Fitz- William.

3. Thomas Fitz-WHlliam, who married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Mablcthorp, of Mablethorp (otherwise Mal- Icrthorp), in the county of Lincoln, Knt, and from them the Fitz- Williams of that place are descended. And,

4. Richard Fitz-William.

By the same Lady he was also father of five daughters; 1. Eli- zabeth, wedded to Sir Thomas Musgrave, of Hartley-castle, in Westmoreland, Knt. 2. Margaret, to Henry de Pierrepoint, an- cestor to the Dukes of Kingston; 3. Joan, said by some to be the wife of Sir William Trusbut ; 4. Agnes j and, 5. Isabel, mar- ried to William Bingham, Lord Of Bingham, in Nottingham- shire.

Sir John Rtz- William, Knt. the eldest son, married Joan, daughter of Sir Adam Rcresby, and was seised of Skelton, and West-Drayton. He died about the 24th of Edward III. having had issue Sir John, his heir^ and Elizabeth, married to Reginald Lord Mohun.

Sir John Fitz-William, son and heir of Sir John, was seised of the lordship of Shadcstre; and John Tharsby, Archbishop of York, did'homage to him in 1353, for land^ held of him. This Sir John,^ in 1372, founded the chantry of- St. Edward in the

sn PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

dwrcb of Sprotbnrgh ; and haviiig wedded Elizabeth^ daughter of Wiiliaai Lord CUDton> kad by her three ions.

1. Sir William, his heir» of whom more folly, u ancestor to the present Eari Fitz- William.

2. Richard Fits- William, to whom he gtre in rcTersioD, East, West, and Middle Haddlesey. And,

3. Edmond Fitz- William, of whom and hi» posterity, after l^ing an account of his sisters, who were,

I . Joan, first married to Thomas Stapleton, Esq. son and heir of Sir Miles Stapleton ; and, secondly, to John Felton, Esq. 2, Anne, wedded to Sir Henry Hastings, of Piceringlith, Knt. And, 3. Isabel, to Sir Bryan Thomhill> Knt.

Edmond Fit&- William, third son of Sir John, before mentioned, was possessed of Stainton, Salt-Fletby, Castle-Drayton, Skelman- thorp, Bilham, Sandall, and Wadsworth, as appears by his will dated the 6th year of the reign of Richard II. and having espoused — , daughter of Sir John Hotham, of Scarborough, Knt. had by her an only son and her, Edmund Fitz- William, who, by Ca- tharine his wife, daughter of Sir John Clifton, Knt. had a son and heir. Sir Richard Fitz-William, and a daughter, Catharine, married to Sir Richard Sutton, Knt. The said Sir Richard Fitz- William lies buried at Ecdesfield ; having had by Elizabeth his wife^ daughter and heir of Thomas Clarel, of Aldwark, in York- shire, six sons; 1. Sir Thomas Fitz- William, his heir. 2. Ri- chard Fitz- William. 3. Edward, ancestor of the Fitz- Williams of Claworth, in the county of Nottingham. 4. Edmund Fitz* William. 5. George, from whom the Fitz- Williams of Elings- ley, in Hampshire. And, 6. Humphrey Fitz-William. Sir Ri- chard, by the same wife, had also five daughters: 1. Elizabeth^ married to her cousin, John i^tz- William, of Sprotborough, after mentioned. 2. Isabella, wedded to William Wentworth, of Wentworth-Woodhouse, ancestor to the Earls of Strafford. 3. Margaret, to Ralph Reresby of Yorkshire. 4. Anne, to Sir Wil- liam Myrefield, Knt And, 5. Catherine, to Sir John Skipwith, of Ormesby, in Lincolnshire, Knt. ancestor of the Baronets of Newbold-hall, in Warwickshire. Sir Thomas Fitz- William, eldest son of Sir Richard, was seated at Aldwark aforesaid; and by Lucy his wife, daughter and coheir of John Nevil, Marquis Mon- tacute, or Monti^e, besides two daughters, viz. Margaret, mar- ried to Sir William Gasooigne, of Gauthorpe, Knt. and Elizabeth, v'ho had two husbands} firsts Sir William Maleverer (in some

BARL FITZ-WILUAM. an

pedigrees called Tliomaa), and> secondly^ Sir Nicbdas Hbrvey^ ]Lnt8« had three tons; 1. Thomas^ his heir> who was kiUed at Flodden^ on Sq>tember 9th, 1513^ 6 Henry VIII. and by Aane his wife, daughter of Sir Nicholas Pagenham (by some called Hogh), had a son^ WilliaiD, who died uBmarried; and also three daughters; Alice^ wedded to Sir James Foljanabe, of Waltoa, ia Derbyshire^ Knt. but left no issue; Anne, who died unmarried } and Margaret, the wife of Godfrey Foljambe, £sq« brother 4o Sir James. 2. John Fitz-WiUiam, who fell with his elder bro- ther at Flodden, unmarried. And, 3. WiJiiam Fitz-Willianv who enjoyed the great offices of Vice-admiral of the Fleet, Tsea- surer of the King's household. Chancellor of the duchy of Lan- caster, Admiral of £ngland, Wales, Ireland, &c. and Lord Privy- seal, in the reign of Henry VIIL by whom he was, moreoiKer, created Earl of Southampton,^ by letters patent dated Oclober 18th, 1537. This eminent statesman and warrior, who was al» Knight of the Garter, died A. D. 1543, and Hes interred at Mid* hurst, in Sussex ; but left no issue by Mabel his wife, daughter of Henry Lord Clifford, and sister to Henry first Earl of Cum^ berland 5 whereupon his two surviving nieces aforesaid wece hia heirs.

Having thus deduced the posterity of Edmond Fits»Wilfiam, third son of Sir John Fitz- William, by Elizabeth his wife. Lord Clinton's daughter, we shall proceed with the descent of Sir Wil- li am Fitz- William, the eldest son, ancestor to the present Eail Fitz-William.

The said Sir William Fitz-William wedded Maud, daughter of Ralph Lord Cromwell, of Tattersball, and coheir to her nephew* Ralph Lord Cromwell, Treasurer of England ia the reign of Henry VI. and by her was fathei* of one son and two daughters} viz. Sir John, his heir^ Joanna, married to Sir Henry Su thill, of Suthill-hall ; and Elizabeth, to Sir Robert Rockley^ of Rockley.

Sir John, the only son and heir, received homage from Hemy Bowett, Archbishop of York, as his grandfather. Sir John, had done from Archbishop Thursby 3 and departed this life in 141B. By Eleanor his wife, daughter of Sir Henry Green, of Drayton, h J had a daughter, Maud, wedded to William Bosvile, of Erdes- ley : and also six sons.

t Sefi 1 fine fortrait of him amoog the Holbeia Heads, publi&hed Uj Chajnber*>

3U PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

1. John^ bis heir, of wbocn afterwards.

2. Nicholas, who was seated at Aldwidc^ and b^ Margery his wife, daughter of John Causley, had a son, John, who died with*

out issue.

3. Ralph Fiti-WiHIana, captain of the castle and ooonty of Sal- ▼aterra, in France, of whose descendants afterwards.

4. Robert Fitz-Williatn, who was seated at Bentley, and had 8 son, Ralph, who left one son, named Nicholas, who, by Alice his wife, daughter of Robert Bayldon, was father of Gcrvis Fitz- Wil- liam (who died without issue), and two daughters; Elizabeth and Margaret.

5. William Fitz- William, who died at Plumtree. And,

6. Joha Fitz-William, of Milton and Grecn's-Norton, in Northamptonshire, Esq. ancestor to the Earl FitZ'William.

But before we proceed with this line, we shall give an account of the descendants of John and Ralph, the first and third sons of Sir John Fitz-William, his elder brothers.

JoHw, the eldest son, departed this life, A.D. 1421, and had sepulture at Sprotburgh. By Margaret his wife, daughter of Thomas Clarell, of Aldwark, in the county of York, he was fa- ther of two sons and a daughter; viz. William, his heirj Hugh j and Eleanor, the spouse of Sir William Ryder.

William, the eldest son and heir, wedded Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas Chaworth, of Wiverton^ in Nottinghamshire, Km. and by her had

Sir William, his only son and heir, and two daughters, Isabel, married to Richard Wentworth, of Bretton, in Yorkshire, Esq. progenitor to the knightly family seated there j and Catherine, the wife of Sir Thomas Wortley, of Wortley, in the said county ofYork,Knt. .

Sir William, the only son, aforesaid, wedded Elizabeth, daugh- ter of Sir John Conyers, of Sockburne, in the palatinate of Dur- ham, and Hornby Castle, in Yorkshire, Knt, and by her was father of five children; 1. John, his- heir. 2. Richard, who died without issue. 3. William, who also died without issue. 4. Mar- gery, the wife of Thomas Sutliill, of Suthill-hall, Esq. whose daughter and heir, Elizabeth, was wedded to Sir Henry Savile, of Tankersley, Knight #f the Bath, menUoned in the before quoted collection made by Hugh Fitz-William. And, 5. Dorothy, mar- ried to Sir WiUiam Copley, of Copley, in Yorkshire, Knt. Sir William departed this life in 1494, and had interment at Sprot- burgh.

EARL FTTZ-WILLIAM. 585

3o«tSh Us eldest icm/died before him, in 1490> tod having wedded filicabeth, eldest daagbter of Sir Richard Fit2- William, More meotioned, had by her an only son,

William^ who succeeded his grandfether, but left no issue by Margery Us wife, daughter of Sir Robert Brougfatop, Knt. and was the last heir male of the eldest line of Fits- William of Sprot* burgh (or Spiotborough), and Rlmley.

The Jbllounng ii a copy ef his will (shewtd in the office of i unto Roiert Cook aUas Clarencieux, and iVilUam Flower alias NoTfWft King of Arms) y under the seal of the FitxwUUams, and the Chancellor* s seal, subscribed by a publkk Notary.

* In the name of God, so be it, the 5th day of March, in the year of our Lord 15 16. I William fits- William, of Sprotborongh, Esq. of whole mind and perfect remembrance, thanked be God, maketh this my last will and testament, of all my lands in xever^ rion, and will that William Lord Confers, and all other my oor ieofiees, and their heirs, that be ^>ecified in a deed of feofiinen^ bearing date the 27th of January, in the 7th year of King Henry the Eighth, after my debts and legacies paid, and after the death of Thomas Suthill, of SuthiU-Hall, Margery his wifi^ and Elizar beth Suthill his daughter, stand seised of my manors of Emley, Darrington,aud Hathilsay, and their appurtenances, m the county of York, to the use of John Fitzwilliam of Sprotborongh, and to his heirs and assigns for ever, eldest son to Ralph FitzwiUiam that was Captain De Salva Terra in France, in Henry the Sixth's days, and was third son of Sir John FitzwiUiam of Sprotborough, Knight, Lord of Elmley $ for whereas William FitzwiUiam, my dear ancestor, entailed the aforesaid lordships, with the manor of Plumtree in com. Nottingham, to the said John FitzwiUiam and his hem male, it shall never be justly said of me, that I am a hinderer of him, and his being of my blood, and name, which God hath so long blessed with worship and aocienty, that I think aU such as go about to prejudice the same, cannot avoid his plague and indignation : and therefore I have given nothing away at all from the said John, and his heirs ; but only to Maigaret tof wife, for term of life, and to the above-written Thomas, Marga- let, and Elizabeth, for term of their lives, to pay my debts and legacies } in consideration whereof 1 do give unto the said John FitzwUUam, and his heirs for ever, my manor of Cromwell, with the appurtenances in com. Nottingham, af(tr the decease of tk%

VOL. IV. 2 c

380 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

taid Tbamas Suthlll^ aod Margefjr his wife, and Elitabeth bit daughter. la witness whereof^ I have set to my seal the day and year above written^ in the presence of these witnesses } SirTbomaa Rockley^ Knight; John Everingham, Vwrton of Sprotboroi^h ; Hugh Boswell, Parson of Darfieid; Sir Thomas Siiies, Priest; and others.*

• Having thus traced the descent of John« the eldest son of Sir John Fitz-Willianiy by Eleanor Green^ we shall next go on with that of Ralph, the third son^ before mentioned, who was captain of the castle and county of Salva Terra, in FraDoe, as appears by his patent bearing date 1441 , the 19th year of King Henry VI. He married Joan, daughter of Richard Bolton, Esq. aod bad issue, John, his eldest son and heir; William; Elizabeth, and Joan^ married to William Holmes, of Hc^mes-hall, Esq. . John Fltz- William, of Sprotborough, and Hadlesey, Esq. kU eldest son and heir, married Margery,, daughter of John Clar&- Faulx, of Croft-Hall, Esq. and had issue, John, William, and Margaret, married to John Cranmer, of Askcton, Esq. eldest brother of the renowned Thomas Cranmer, Archlnshop of Can- terbury.

John Fitz William, Esq. eldest son and heir of John, Lord of Sprotborough and Hadlesey, was living in the 9th of King Henry VIII. He married Elizabeth, daughter and sole heir of Chris- topher D'Amory, of Crockwell Grange: and by her had issue nine sons ; of whom, Ralph died young ; Anthony, second son, died in London, anno 1540; Joho, third son, went beyond sea ift the last year of King Henry VIII where he died in ISQZ ; Hugh, ;the fourth son, was put young to William Fitz- William, Earl of Southampton aforesaid, when King Henry VIII. was at York 1 went into Italy in the reign of Queen Mary, as appears by her licence, bearing date October I4th, 1554, the second year of her reign, returned to England, and made the before-mentiened col* lection of vouchers relating to his family; Ralph, fifth son, tra- vdled into Spain; William, si\th son, went into Ireland; George, seventh somi Nicholas, the eighth son, died at London; and Tho- mas, ninth son. The said John Fitz- William had also twodangh- ters ; Elizabeth and Anne.

Having thus brought the male branches of Woodhall, Aldwark, and Sprotborough, to a period, we shall proceed with that of Joha Fits-William, of Milton imd Green' s^Nartan, in Northamptou^ shirej Esq. (sixth son of Sir Henry Fitz- William, by his wife Eleanor, daughter to Sir Henry Gxeen, of Drayton); before mm-

feAHIi PITZ-IVILLlAlrf. , 887

tioned, lifa^il ancestor to the present £aii Flit-WlWiaaai, cbief of feill thfe families of bis ancient and illastrioiis surname.

This John Fitz- William, of MUttm, &c. married Ellen (or £leanor)^ daughter of William Villicrs, of fitokesbj, in the county of Leicester, Esq. and by her had three sons,

1. Sir William, his heir.

2. Bartholomew. And,

3. Richard, who was of tb^ citjr of London, and by «^— • his wife, daughter of ■ Harris, is said to have had a daughter

— wedded to Robert Denbam.

By the same Lady, John Fitz*William> Esq. was also father of two daughters; 1. Elizabeth, successively married to Thomas Rolleston, of Rolleston (commonly Rolston), In Stafibrdshirej Esq. C* whose only daughter and heir, Isabel, was wife of Richard PcshaH, Esq. of Horsley, com. Staff.) ; and Richard Francis, of Formark, in the county of Derby 5 and, 2. Mary, who also had two husbands; first, Thomas Waddiogton, Esq.; and, secondly^ Richard Ogle, of Pinchbeck, in Lincolnshire, £sq«

- Sir William Fltz-William, the eldest son, was of Milton aforesaid, of Geinsparke (or Gaines-park halls), in Essex, and also i»f the cUy of London, of which he was Sheriff in 1506, and was also AldermUn of Bread^stteet ward, and rebuilt the greatest part of the church of St. Andrew Undershaft at his own expense. He aerved the office of Sheriff for Essex in 1514, and in 1521 for Northamptonshire. He had been for some time retained in the •ervice o( Cardinal Wolsey, and retiring afterwards to his house at Milton,* there gave his old master, the Cardinal, kind enter- tainment when he was in disgrace; and bdng interrogated by his Bfajesty how he durst entertain so great an enemy to the state ? be answered, that he had not contemptuously or wilfully done it, in disobedience to his Majesty, but only as the Cardinal had beeii bis mastcTi and (partly) the means of his greatest fortunes : a| which answer the K'mg was so well pleased^ that^ saying he haA few such servants, he immediately knighted him, and made him one of his Privy Council. The said Sir William fltz- William gave a charity of I2h Ids. 4d, to the poor of Marbam, in the county of Northampton, payable by the company of Merchant- taylors of London, for ever, out of the revenues beiooging to their company ; and also gave a charity to maintain six poor wo« men in an alms-honle at Gainspark-Hall^ in Essex, gayable like-

» Stemoa* Pethtll in Visit, com. tuff. * Stow't Surfey, p. 89.

388 P££RAGE OP ENGLAND.

wise by fbe MerchanMaylofB cofoapuiy, for ever, oat of ihdt revenues. This noble Knight was possessed of a gtieat estate^ and wa» very pradent^ munificent, and charitable ; which is apparent from the following abstract of his last will and testament, datod May 2 1st, 1534, 26 Henry VIIL

Writing himielf Sir William Fitz- William, the elder, of Mil- ton, in the county of Northampton,"* Knt. he bequeaths his body to be buried in the new chancel at Marhara, in the said cavLUtj of Northampton, which he had of late caused to be made, and newly edificed there, and that his executcn^ cause a tomb of marble to be made there, with a scripture making mention of his name, as •hall be devised by his executors ; and wherever he happens to decease within the realm of England, that his corpse be conveyed to the said chancel of Marham.

He charges hu executors that, without fraud and delay, they cause to be immediately paid all just debts at the time of his de- cease, and expenses of his funeral ; and make such restitution to every person, or persons, as they could duly prove he had injured them. And if he happens to decease in London, he bequeaths £,ve pounds to the five orders of Friers within that city, viz. the Grey Friers, the Black Friers, Augustine Friers, White Friers, and the Crossed Friers ; to the intent that they should bring forth his corpse (if he deceases there), out of the liberties of the said city, and to have, in each of the said phKses, a trental of masses. Also to the four orders of Friers of Stamford, if they be at his burial at Marham, four pounds, they saying a trental oi nusses, in every ci their places, fbr his soul, and all christian souls.

He likewise bequeathed 40 s, to each of the parishes of St. Pe* ter the Pool's church, and St. Thomas the Apostle, within Londoo, and the like sum to the parish of The3rdon, in the county of Essex, they saying a trental of masses as aforesaid. And to the marriages of poor maidens lOOl. sterling, to be distrtbuted by the discretion of his executors, as well amongst his tenants within the counties of Northampton and Essex, as within the city of London. And remits and forgives all such poor as be in bis debe^ and not able to content the same, whose names appeateth in his ieventh book of debts, under whose names he had Mnritten these words, Amore Dei Remitto ; and wills that they be in no wise troubled for the same by his executors.

And whereas he had ^ven, and executed by indentures, to his right dear and well-beloved wife. Dame Jane Fitz- William, fbr ■> Ex Reg ist. voctt Hofsn ir Cur. Prcrog. C«QtBar.

BARL FrrZWIIXIAM. 380

term p£ her Vlt, the manon of Henoials, MaTdells, Marshalls, sad Ameways^ with other laoda and tenements, in the coimty of EtacXf for, and in the name of her jointure, he wills that the ^hall peaceably enjoy the same, and after to d^cend to Sir William Fitz«William» his eldest son. He farther bequeaths to her his bascm, with the ewer thex«anto> of silver gilt, and several other pieces of pkte there specified $ and 500 marks sterling, on con- ation that ihe suffer Robert Dormer, £sq. to enjoy the manor of Bythorpe, with the appurtenances, according to a lease made by bim> the said Sir William Fits* William, he paying her yearly lOOL sterling, during her Hfe, for the same manor, &c. Also, that the said Dame Jane, his wife, shall have the possession of his mansion-house, &c. within the parish of St. Thomas the Apostle* im the city of London, during her life, whilst she remained his widow, on condition of paying 41. per annum to his executors, which he orders them to bestow yearly, for the delivery of poor prisoners within the city of London, that shall be acquitted and remain for thdr fees.

He bequeaths to the poor scholars within the universities of Oxford and Cambridge 401. to be distributed by the advice of two Doctors of Divinity, and 301. amongst poor people $ also SOh on the making the highway between 6aynes-Park*Hall and Chigwelly in Essex; alao the like sum of 501. to mending the highways between Thomhaugh and Sawtrey-Chapel, in the county of Huntingdon. And to the prior and convent of Clerk* coweU, in London, 101. to have a dirge and mass for his soul within their monastery. Also to the master and wardens of tho feUowshtp of Merchant-taylors, in the city of London, his best standing gilt cups with covers, for a perpetual remembraiDce of him, to be kept in their hall, and they to pray for his soul.

He bequeaths to Sir William Fitz- William, his eldest son, 30Q marks sterling, with all his harness and coats of fence, in his gal^ lery chamber ; his rich briganders, his cross of gold with a ruby, set with three diamonds^ on condition he keepeth it as long as he liveth; likewise several pieces of plate, and all his household^ stuff, &c. at Gaynes-Park*Hall, and his manor place of Milton. He further, besides his wife's jointure before specified, settles on him his manors of Milton, Mcurfaolme, alias Marham, Etton cum Woodo-oft, Butlers, Thoroldes, Mynskipes, and Gaynes-Firk* Hall, and all and singular his other manors, &c. within the coun* ties of Northampton, Essex, and Lincoln, not by his wiU be* ^ueatbed. To hold to his said eldest son aod heiri Sir William

390 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

Wiltian, for the term of eighty years, if he should so long llvo, and after to his grandson, William Fits* William, and his heirt male; in default to John Fitz^William, second son, in tail male^ in default to Brian Fitz^William, third son of his said eldest boo, Sr William Fitz^WilMamj in default to the heirs male of the body of the said Sir William Htz-William their father; in default to Richard Fitz^ William, in tail male ; in default to Christopher Fitz-Wiliiam; in default to Francis Pits> William; in default to Thomns Fitz- William ; sons of bim the said Sir William Fitz* William the elder ; in default to the daughterss of the said Sir William Fit^-r William, viz. Elizabeth, Anne, Ellen^ and Maiy, for their lives only ; and after their decease, to the right heirs of the body of Sir William Fiu- William, his eldest son; in desalt to the right heirs of his brothers before recited, in tail ; in depute to the next heirs of him the sJEiki Sir William Fit^-Wiliiam th« elder.

On Richard Fita*William, his second son, he settles his land« at Lamboum, in the county of Essex, and all such manors, &o, specified in indentures between him the said Sir William ¥kzy WilHam, Sir John Dansie, Knt^ John Cheney, and Anthony Bab^, ington, Esqrs. dated the ifith of Nofember, ao Beory the Eighth, to the use of the said Richard, and the heirs male of his body ; in default to William Fitz-William, his elder brother, in tail male ; in default to Christopher, Francis, and llioroas, be-t fore mentioned, younger sons of him the said Sir William Fit&r William. Also his manors of Colys, Ringstede, and Rannds,witb the appurtenances, in the county of Northampton, lately bought of Robert Dormer, Esq. and of the manors of Champneys and Forstersy in Wiggingtoo^ in the county of Hertford; with the liko remainders.

Ho bequeaths to Christopher Fitz- William, his third son, 500 marks, to purchase lands, bcc, to bim, and the heirs of his bodj Jawfully b^otten ; also his mansion and dwdling-place, with tho garden and other appurtenances, in the parish of St. Beter, ia Bread*street, London, to him, and the heirs male of his bodj $ in de&uU; with like remainder^ to his brothers, as aforemen- (ipned.

On Francis, his fourth spn, he settled his manor of Fenton, ia com. line, and on the heirs male of his body; in default, with like remainders on hi§ brothers.

On Thomas Fitz- William, his youngest ?on, he settled the ma*. jiprpf J>^prthbfirpugh, ajia? Norborpygh, with the appurtenaQ<:es^

EARL FITZ^WILUAM. 391

m com. NorthiEirap. and on the heirs male of his body; m default to Sir William Fitz- William, his eldest son $ in default with like remainders on his brothers before mentioDed, in tail male.

He bequeaths to his singular good lord, the Earl of WiltahirOt Thomas, father of Clueen Anne Boleyn, his rich rose of diamond and rubies, beseeching him to be aiding to his executors, in the performance of his will. He also bequeathed legacies and aonui- ties to seretiil of his servants, particularly mentioned, payable oat of his manor of Ettoo, in Northamptonshire. He constitutes his esecutors, John Baker, Esq. Becorder of London; Anthony Cook, die younger, Esq.; Richard Wiiddii^ton, his cousin; and his cousin Richard Ogle^ the younger s and they to dispose of all bis goods and chatties, pay his debts, legacies, and bequests. And directs, that the residue of his pkte, jewels^ ready raon^^ &c. and whatsoever he has not bequeathed by this his last wWH, shall be divided into two parts 1 the one half among his children in« difierentLy> and the other to his poor kinsfolks, and for the health and profit of his soul^ according to the discretion of his execiH tort.

He died at his boose, in the parish of St. Thomas the Apostie, in London, on August 9th, 1534, and was buried at Marham afof^aid, where a tomb is eracted.to his memory.

He married, to his first wifi^j Anne, daughter to Sir John Hawes, id the city of London, Knt. Mildred, his second wife, was second daoghter to Richard SadLville, of Buckhurst, in the parish of Withiam, in the county of Sussex, Esq. ancestor to the present Duke of Dorset; and his third wife was Jane, daughter to John Ormond, or Ormond, but by her he had no issue.

By his fi»t wife, he had two sons.

J . Sir WHliam, his heir. And,

2. Richard, who was seated at Ringstede, in the county of Northampton, and by his wife, — daughter of , had

a son, John Fttz-William» who died without issue, A. D. 1568*

Sir William, by the same Lady, was also fisther of two daugh- ters, viz. Elizabeth, married to Sir Thomas Brudendl, of Deane, in Northamptonshire, ancestor to the Earl of Cardigan; and Anne, wedded to Sir Anthony Coke, of Giddy (or Gedney) hall, in Essex, who l^ her had a daughter, Mildred, who is celebrated for her knowledge in the Greek tongue, by the learned Roger Ascham, in his Epistles, and was the second wife of William Ce* dl. Lord Burleigh, Lord High Treasurer ef England; who, bj hcTf was father of Robert the first Earl of Salisbury.

302 PEERAOB OF ENGLAND.

Sir WiUiam Fitz-WiUtam^ by his second wile, besides two daoghten, Eleanor, married to Sir Nidx)las Strange, of Hunstan* ton, in Norfolk, Knt. and Mary, snocessivelj wedded to Sir Wil« liam Shelly and Sir John Guilford, Knights, had three ioas.

3. Christopher, who died without issue.

4. Francis, of Fenton, in Lincolnshire, who bj his wife, Elisa-* bethy daughter of William Saintpere, was £uher of Heniy^ who, by his first wife, Frances, daughter of Sir James Fol|ambe, Knt. had no issue; bat by his second, Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Armstrong, ef filithbargh, Esq. bad two sons, Henry and Wti- liam, who both died issodessi and five daughters; Elizabeth, Anne, Joan, Mary, and Mildred. And,

h, Thomas of Northboroogb (or Norborough), in Northamp* tonshire, who married Ahce, daughter of William Ruffiird.

Sir William Fitz-William, tlie ddest son and heir of Sir Wil^ liam, succeeded his father in 1534, at Mikon, and Gaines-Parlc. Hall ; and, by his ^1, had idso the manors of Henpais, Maddls, and MsfTshals, in the county of Essex; also the manors of Mar* ham, Etton, Woodcroft, Butlers, Thordds, Minskipes, and all and singular his other manorsi lands, &c. in the ooonties of North- ampton, Essex, and Lincdn, not otherwise bequeathed by him in his will. This Sir William Fitx-WilMara married Anne^^tiglH ter to Sir Richard Sapcote, of Elton, in the oounty of Hantingdon, Knt. by whom he had four sons, and a daughter, named Chris* lian, first married to Sir Richard Wingfield, Knt. LtlBUteoant of Portsmouth} and^ secondly, to Sir Geoi^e Delves, Knt one of the Cientlerocn Pensionen to Queen Elizabeth. The sons were,

1. Sir William.

3. John. 3. Br3ran.

And, 4. another John, who was trained op in France; and when Qiueeo Mary involved Englaad in a war, in behalf of her Hmsband, Philip IL King of Spain, against the French monarch, Henry IL in 1557, ^^ ^^s appointed maisire de camp to the Eog-' libh auxiliaries. He also served in Ireland against the great rebel O'Neile, whom he defeated in 156^, and died without issues •* did Bryan his brother, who was a Captain,. and in 151^ served against the rebels in the north of Ireland; whither he went again in 1580, in company with Sir William Rnssell, son to the Earl of Bedford,'* with 150 horse, raised by the clergy of England.

Sir W11.LIAM, the eldest son, was sole heir to his fatherj and

• Caa*s HJttorj of Ireland| p. 368.

EARL FfTZ-WILUAM. ^99

iocc^eded him at Milton^ ko. The said Sir Willidm was bom Ui the year 1526} and beiDg bred ap under the tuition, and in the tervice of hk kioaman^ by the mother, John Lord Russe], Lord Privy-Seid, and first Earl of Bedford, of that noble family, was by him preferred to Edward VL by whom he was made Marshal of the King's Bendi; and was afterwards employed by Queen Mary, ih Ireland, under Thomas RatclifF, Earl of Sussex, the Lieutenant of that kingdom. On July 24th, 1559, the first of Qaeeo EMzabeth, he was by letters-patent made Vice-Treasurer, asd Treasurer at War> in the said realm, and so continued until the 14th year of that Queen's rmgn. In the interim, notwith- standing bia empk^menta in those c^ices, the same Queen called him Con greater authority, making him five several times Gover* nor over that realm, as partumlarly hereafter followeth :

JmpTimts,by letters patent, bearing date at Westminster, January 18th, 1560, he was Lord Deputy, and received bis oath, and her Highnesi's sword, in the presence of divers of the Nobility and ConuHuMi at Christ Church, in Dublin, F\Bbniary 15th fdlowing, and so eontinued until Jnne 25tb, I56l,

Item> by letters patent, dated Janoary lOth, 1 56 1 , he was made Lord Jbstk>t thb second tioie, and ag«n received his oath, and her Highnesses fiword> as albiesaid, at Christ Church, February 2d following, and so continued till June 5th, 1562.

htm, by other letters patent, dated December 20th, he was made Lord Justice the third time; and likewise received his oath and the sword, as before, at Christ Church, Janoary 22d fol* ]omm%, amio 1562, and 00 continued imtil the 29th of July, 1563.

Item, by otlier letters patent, dated October 9th, 1566, he was BMde Lord Justice the fourth time, and also received his oath, and the sword, at Christ Church, the same day, tc^ther with Dr. Weston, then Lord Chaooellor (joined with him in the pa« tent), and so he continued until the 28th of October, 1567.

Item> by otlier letters patent, dated April 1st, he was made Lord Jnstke the fifUi time, and ihen also received his oath, and the sword, as before, at Christ Church, the same day, 1570, being elected and ohoi^ thereunto by the Nobility and Commons of the seid realm, according to a statute In soch case set forth and provided, knd so he eontimied until the eleventh of December 1571, and received his oath^ and the swords as aforesaid, at St. Patrick's, the 18th of January following, and so continued un« til the 5th of August 1575; at which time Sir Edward Fitton^

304 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Knt. wu sent OTer to be hU snccoaor in the office of Vke-lVea<> surer, and Treasurer at War> as aforesaid.

Itjetn, by other letters patent, dated the 20Ch of Febroary, 1588; be was made Lord Depu^ of Ireland the second time, and re* cetved bis oath, and the sword, at Christ Church, in the presence of the Nobility* and divers of the Commons, there Assembled, the last day of Jane following, and so continued undl the ^ Idth of August 15^.

' This Sir William Fitc-William was not only eminent for bia great services in Frelaod, in which he oontinued between thirty and forty years, and discharged hiooaelf, in all his faonocurable employments in that kingdom, with great prudence and fidelity* whereby he justly merited his Hoyal Mistress's ^vour, and gained an universal applause and esteem among the nobility and people of that realm. And her Majesty, as a further mark of the trust and confidence she reposed in his abilities and fidelity for her service, was pleased to constitute him Constable of Fo« theriAgay-Castle, ia the county of Northampton; where he be- haved himself with so much civility towsu'ds the Queen of Scots, dMring her iroprisooment under his care, in that castle, that, the mornipg before she was beheaded, she presented him with the picture of her son, James the First } which picture is yet in the family.*

Thus far the manuscript history oi the fimoHy, in possession of the present Earl Fttz- William;, and I find this fiirther mentioii of him/ that in October 1554, this Sir Willhiro Fits-WiUiam, with Sir John AUen, and Valentine Brown, Esq. were comoits* sioned by Queen Mary, with Sir Anthony St. Leger, Lord Deputy of Ireland, for the management of the crown lands in that Idng* dom; also on the third of July I555,<i he was made Keeper ai the Great Seal, till September 18th, when Hugh Curwen, Arch« bishop of Dublin, was af^inted Lord Chancellor. FoUer, in his Worthtev of England, p. 285, recites, ' That Sir William Fits* WilUam was Byc times Lord Deputy of Ireland, a sufficient evi- dence of his honesty and ability ; Queen Elisabeth never trusting twice^ where she was once decdved in a Minister of State* And she so preserved him in the power of his place, that sending over Walter, Earl of Essex, to be Governor of Ulster, the Earl was (prdered to take his conunission from the Lord Deputy/ And Si|^

f pox> History of Iicliad, p* 403. P lUd. p. 3019

9 Ibid. p. 394

EARL FITZ-WILLUM;- 895

John DaTis^ in his Discotme 6f Ireland, p. 287, rdates. That he was 9ery sendceabU in the reduction of Ireland; first, in raising a composition in Munster;. afterwards in settling the possessions of the Lards and tenants in Monahan, one of the last acts of state (lending to the reformation of the civil government) performed in the reign of Queen EUxabeth. His vigilance was very conspicuous in thememorubk year of the Spanish invasion, anno 156S, when the routed Armada, in its return, dared not to land in Ireland, axeept against their mils driven ly tempest, -when they found the shore worse than the §ea to them. He died on iJuoe 22d, ISQQ, and lies boned .at Maiiitni, ib NortbamptoDsbire^ where a noble moonmeo^ is eroded to bis tntmory, exhibiting the figures of him ^nd ^ Lzdy, with the following inscniption ;

To the memory of The Right Honourable Sir l^ilUam Fitn^WiUiam, Knt. whor by ber Majr^ty Quton Ehzaheth was tbfitt several Tines made her Depnty^ fik^as Loxd Lieatenmt of the Kingdom, of Ireland, He was alk) five several times one of the Xoids Juslites oC that Kingdom, pnd General and Commander in Chief of the Army there, neat 39 years ; when being in a very advanced Age, and worn oat by the Fatigues of the War, and the State ihere^ be, by her Majesty's Pemmsion, returned into this Kingdom, and retired to his Native Place, Milton, where he died in June, 1599, and lies buried in this Chancel. He married Anne, Daughter of Sir WUUam Sidney, and Sister to Sir Henry Sidney, Eatber of the first £ad of Leicester. jShe lies also here biKiod by him.

His said Lady died June 1 1th, l502, and appointed by her will an hospital to be erected at Heydon Gemon, in £ssex (in which church a monument u erected to her memory), fot the perpetoal inaintenance of four poor widow.s and their successors, and be« queathed to each of them twelve pence a week.

He had issue by her two sons, and three daughters; Mary, mar- ried to Sir Richard Dyer, nephew and heir of Sir James Pyer, of Great Stoughton, in the county of Huntingdon, Knt. Lord Chief ^usticej Philippa, to Sir Thomas Coningsby, of Hampton-Court,

396 PJEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

in the ocraotj of Hereford, Knt. anoettor to Mai^g^amt, late Countess of Cooingtby ; and Margaret, married to iobn Bjrieo, Esq. son and heir of Sir John Bjrroo, of Clayton, in the eoontf of Lancaster, Knt. grandfiuher bjr her of John first Lord Bjron. The two sons were,

1. Sir William. And,

2. Jdin, a Captain in the wars of Scodand, who died witliQat issue.

The eldest son. Sir William, sneceeded'hia Either, and re- sided at Milton, and Gaines-Pkrk-Hall, aforesaid, i^ oMiried Winifred, daughter to Sir Walter Mildmay, of Apetfaorp, in the county of Northampton, Knt. Chanodlor of the Exchequer, and Under Treasurer of England) and deceasing oo August 5^,1^9, was buried at Marbam.

He had by her a daughter, Anne, nurried to John Isham, of Plcheley, in the ooonty of Northampton, Esq. and two sons, Wil* liam^ and Walter Fitz* William, who died without issue.

William Fits-WiUiam, of Mthoii, and QtammAikHBii, Esq. their eldest son, was, by letters patesrt bearing dpto at West- minster, December 1st, l620, created Lord FUn-JFiUmm of Lff- >/er, alias L\fford^ tii tks county of DomegaU, m the kimgdom of IrelajkL' and deceasing at bis house in tlie Strand, on Jannaiy 6th» 1(543-4, was buried at Marham aforesaid. He had iame, by Catharine his wife, daughter of Wiiliam Hyde» of South Dench- worth, in the county of Berks, Esq. and sister of Sir GecN*ge Hyde, of Kiogston Ltsle, in the same county, Kjiight of the Bath, two sons, and three daughters ; vix.

William, second Lord Fitz-WiUiam, his eldest son.

John, second son, who died without issue in November, 1637; Winifred, eldest daughter, who died withoot iasne 1635 } and Catharine, second daughter, who was married to Sir John Lee, of St. Edmund's Bury, in the county of SafiUk^ Knight. Ann, the third daughter, died unmarried.

William, second Lord FUx-fFUliam, married Jaiie» daughter and coheir to Hugh Ferry, alias Hunter, Esq. who was Sherift and Aldermm of London, second son of Thomas Perry, alias Hunter, of Wotton under Edge, i|i com. Glonoeater,.by whom he had issue four sons, and three daughters.

1. William, eldest son, who died at six months old*

% William, third Lord Fitz-WiUiam.

EARL FrrZ-WILLIAM. S97

Cfatrksy tbird sod^ who was a Colonel of Horse> anno 1689; and died in Ireland without issue.

Fefdinando^ fourth son, who deceased young.

CatheriDe» ddest daughter, who died young.

Jane, second daughter, who was married to Sir Christopher Wren, Kut. Snnreyor-€reneral to her Majesty Queen Anne^ and the ardiifeect of St. Paurs cathedral, London.

Fhiaces, third daughter, who died young. > The said WiUiaai* second Lord Fitz-William, deceanng, at his house in the Saroy, in com. Middlesex, was interred at Marham sfbtesald, on February 2 1st, 1658 ; and his lady surviving Mm, was boned at Marham, April 8th, 1671 .

William^ third Lord Fiix-fFUHam, andjrst Irish Earl, was bora ar the Dutchy-honse in the Savoy, on April 29th^ l643; His Lordship, on the accession of George I. was constituted Cus« tos Rotulorum of the city and liberty of Peterborough ; and was created Viscoaiit MihowD, in the county of West-Meath, and Enrl FUx-fniHam, of the c6unty of Tyrone in Ii^nd, by letters patent, bearing date July 2l8t, 1716, in the second year of his rdgn. His Lordship married Anne, daughter, and, at length sole hehr, to Edmund Cremor, of West* Winch, in the county of Noribtt^, Esq. by whom he had issue four sons, and six daughters.

WHUam Fftz^-V^HUam, ddest son, bora at Milton, on August igth, }6ys, died unmarried on November 25th, 1699, and was buried at Marham.

Charles Fitz William, Esq. second son, who died an infant.

John Fits-WilHam, third son, who succeeded his iatiier, and was Eari Pit»- William.

Geo^e Fita^WilHam, fourth son, who deceased young; Ca-' therine, eldest daughter; Frances, second daughter ; Racbd^ third dan^^ter; and Mary, fourth daughter 5 who all died yoong.

Anna Maria, fiflh daughter, who was married to ^r Charles Barrington, of Barrington-Hall, in the county of Essex, Bart, who dM in January, 1714-5> and his Lady on July 17th, aged forty-one, and was buried in her family vault at Marham. And

Jane Fitz-WiUiam, focth and youngest daughter, who died young.

The said William, Earl Fitx-ffilliam, departed this life on DeceAiberaSth, 1719^ in the seventy-seventh year of hb age, and was buried at Marham^ having survived his Lady, who died on

igg PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

February 4th, I7i6-17, aged sevcnty-oDC. He was racceedej by his only sarviving son,

JoHV, second Earl Fitx^WilUam, of Ireland, who was Mem- ber of Parliament for the city of Peterborough, and Costos Rofu- lorum for the said city and liberty ; and died on August 28th, 1728. He married Anne, daughter and sole heir to John Striof- gcr, of Sutton upon Lound, in the county of Nottingham, Esq. who died in 1726, and was buried at Marham, and by her had issue one son, William^ born on January 15th, 1719, third Earl Fit2*Wil1iam, and three daughters : Lady Anne, bom on Angost 23d, 1722, married to Francis Godolpbin, Esq. wha succeeded to the barbny of Godolpbin ^ Lady Elizabeth, bom on Decenii' ber 9ih, 1724> and Lady Mary, born on Febraar}' 4th, 1725, married to John Arcber, of Welfbrd, in the couty of Berki, Esqj she died"" 10th September, 1776, and was buried at Coopei^cy in Essex.

W1LX.IAM, the third Earl Fitz- IFilliam, of Ireland, and FiasT Earl Fitz- William, of England, being left a minor, .was first of £ton school j and after having finished his travels abroad^ was early distinguished by King George 11. who on April igthy 1742, created him a Peer of Great Britain, by the name, style, and title of Lord Fitz-William, Baron of Milton in th€ county of Northampten, On September 6th, 1746, his Lordship wat created a Fiscount, and Earl of Great Britain, by the name, style, and titles of discount Milton, and £arl Fitz-Williak of Norhorough, in the county of Northampton ; and appmnted Gustos Rotulomm of the dty and liberty of Peterborough, on November 23d, 1741. At the funeral of Frederick Prince of IVales, his Lordship was one of the six Earls who supported tho paO; and on June 24th, I75i| was constituted one of the Lords of hb Majesty's bedchamber.

On June 22d, 1744, his Lordship^ married the Lady Anno Wentworth, eldest daughter of Thomas Marquis of Rockingham; and by her (who died on May 4th, 1759, and was interred at Marhanf)) he had issue six danghtei^; viz. Lady Anbe, bom March 24th, 1744; Chariotte, born on July 14th, 1746, and married to Thomas Dnndas, £sq. eldest son of Sir Lawrence Dundas, of Ask-hall, in the said county, Bart, now Lord Dun^ das; Lady Frances, bom October 22d, 175O; Lady £mUia-Ma« ria, born December 12th, 1751, and died on August 6di> l7SZp

r Ccffio plate.

EARL FITZ-WILUAM. 39?

Lady Hoortettt, born on March 2Utj 1752, died unmarried j and Lady Dorothy, bom on May 22d, 1754. Hb Lordship had also two sons; riz.

1. Williacn, now Earl Fitz-William. And,

2. The Hon. George Fitz-William, a posthumous child, died May 6th, 1786.

He departed this life on August 10th, 1756, and bad sepulture with his ancestors at Marham. His Lordship was succeeded in dignity and estate by his said ddest son,

William, the present and second Earl Fitz-William, of Great Britain, and fourth Earl of Ireland. His Lordship was bom on May 30th, 1748, was married 11th July, 1770, to Lady Charlotte Ponsonby, daughter of William Earl of fiesborough ; and is the twenty-second in paternal descent irom Sir William Fits Goderick, cousin to King Edward the Confessor. He has issue an only child, viz.

Charles* William Viscount Milton, M. P. for the county of York, IS07, married, July 8th, I8O6, Charlotte, daughter of Thomas Lord Dundas, by whom he has a daughter, bom July 12th, I8O7.

His Lordship succeeded in J 782, to the great fortune of his uncle, the Marquis of Rockingham 5 and has added the name of Went worth to his own.

On July 1 1th, 1794, bis Lordship was appointed Lord Presi- dent of the Council, which he held till December 17th following. On January 4th, 1795, he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ire- land, which he only held till the 24th of March following.

In 18C6, he was again appointed Lord President of the Council, which he held till the fall of the Grenville administration in the following year.

Titles. William Fitz-William, Earl Fitz-William, Viscount Milton, and Lord Fitz-William, Baron of Milton, English ho- nours: also Earl Fitz-William, Viscount Miltown, and Ba- ron Fitz-William of Liffer, alias Lifford, in the kingdom of Ireland.

Creations. Baron Fitz-William of Liffer, alias Lifford, in the county of Donegal!, by letters patent dated December 1st, 1 620, 18th Janoes I.5 Viscount Miltown, of the the county of Wcst- Meatb, and Earl Fitz-William, of the county of Tyrone, by letters patent bearing date July 21st, 1716, 2d of George I. honours of the kingdom of Ireland,

400 PEERAGE OF EN6LAKD.

Lord Rtz- William, Baron of Mikoo, bf ktten patent dated April igtb, 1742, 15tb of George II. ? Visconnt Milton, and Earl Fitz-William of Norborough, all in the county of Northampton, by letters patent, dated September ath, 1746, 20th of George 11. English honpors.

Arms. Lozcngy, Argent and Gales.

Crest. In a ducal coronet. Or, a trifdc plume of ostrich fea- thers. Argent.

Supporters. Two savage men ; wreathed about their heads and waists with oak leaves, and in their exterior hands, a tree eradi* cated, the top broken off, all proper.

Motto. Appbtitus Rationi Parbat.

Chief Seats. At Milton, in the county of Northampton] end Wcntworth House, Yorkshire.

EARL OF EGREMONT. 401

WYNDHAM EARL OF EGREMONT.

Hts Lordship derives his descent from Ailwardus, an enninent Saxon^ in the county of • Norfolk, who soon after the Norman conquest, being possessed of lands in Wyraondham (now wrote Wyndbam), in that county, assumed his surname from thence ; and the said Ailwardus de Wyn[K>ndham, with Richard, his son, Hugh> Pagan, and Edmund de Wymondbam, were witnesses to a charter of William de Albini, butler to King Henry I. whereby he gave the church of Wymondbam to the prior and convent of Wyodham.

Richard, son of Ail ward, was father of Richard, who bad issue John de Wymondbam, who by Margaret, daughter to Ro" . bert Churchon (or Curzon),^ had issue another John of Whichle- wood, and Crounthorpe, in the county of Norfolk i which were tbeir principal seats for many generations, aod are yet part of the poasessiotis of a branch of the family.

Id 44 Henry II L Thomas de Wymondbam, ChaDter of Litch- field, was a Baron of the Exchequer; aod on ^ April 4tb^ 1266, was constituted Treasurer of England ; also the year after/ bear- ing the title of Chanter of the church of Litchfield^ had his patent renewed.

lo 52 Henry III. he had a ^ grant of Bfty marks per annum^ for the better maintaining himself in the ofiice of Treasiu:er> herein be continued till 54 Henry III.''

Id 10 Edward II. WiLliam, son of Ralph de Wimoodham^

• Moaatt. An^. Vol. t. p. 37. Mui 339* ^ Ex Stemmate*

c Pat. so Henry III. m. 20. ^ Pat. 31 Henry III. no. ۥ

K « (iterate de Aiia9 52 Hen. m. 5. ^ dagdale^i Chron. Series> p. 23u

TOL. ir. 2 D

402 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

was possessed of the manors of Crountiiorpe and Whichlewood| wherein he was succeeded by }iis 8on> Sir John> who by Catbe- rine, daughter of Sir John de Redisbam> of Redisham, Knt. had three sons; 1. Thomas 2, 'Sir Richand de Wymondham, Knt.i who, ID 1356, had the King^9 protection, going into Brittany ua- der his son Edward, Prince of Wales; and on September Iptb, that year, was at the famous battle of Pojctiers, wherein John the French King was taken prisoner. 3. Henry, Prior of Wynd- bam.

Thomas de Wimondbaoi, in the pedigree of the family, is said to be elder brother to Sir Richard, and to have married Margaret, . daughter of Sir Walter Walcot, Kot. by whom he had issue Jouh de Wimondham, who had to wife Elizabeth, (laughter of John Sharington, by whom he was father of John Wimondham, who ^edded Margaret, daughter of Sir John Segrave, Knt. and had ipisue John, bis son and heir.

Which John was of Cronntborpe, apd of Felbriggc, in com, Norfolk ; which last estate he purchased of the trustees of Sir John Felbrigge, Knight of the Garter. He was an eminent as- sertor of the House of Ij^ancaster; and in 38 Henry VI. was joined in commission with others, to withstand the attempts of the Earl of Warwick : also, in the same year, ^ was one of the Knights for the county of Norfolk, in the parliament held at Co- yentry, wherein the Earl of Warwick, and other accomplices of the Duke of York, were attainted of high-treason. He bad to wife Margery« daughter of Sir Robert Clifton, of Bokeiiham-castle, HI com. Norfolk, and Widow of Sir John Hastings. But Weever, . in his Funeral MoQuments, p. 804, says, she was the widow of Sir Edward Hastings, and was buried in the Augustine Frien io . Norwich, in the year 1456, By the said John Wyndham, Esq. she had issue two sons i Sir Jphn ; and Sir Roger, who died with* out issue } Ela, married to Thomas Fastolfe, Esq. and Isabel, to Simon Wiseman, of Great Thornham, in Suffolk, Esq.

Sir John Wyndham, in 1487, was in the battle of Stoke, near Newark, against the Earl of Lincoln, Lambert Simnel, and their idherents,^ and was knighted, immediately after the victory, §ar his valiant behaviour : but being afterwards engaged in the inte« febts of .the house of York, he was apprehended; and on May 2d^ in 17 Henry VIL arraigned in Guildhall, London, where be-

S Rjinet*s Foedsra, Vol. V. p. 844. ^ Pryn*s BteTiC Puiiam. p. 69.

1 MS. Qtudiut C 3, In BibU Cotttn*

EARL OF EGREMONT. 40S

ing fbtmd goilty of high -treason, as an accomplice of £dmand de la Pble, Earl of Suffolk, he,'' with Sir James Tyrrell, Lieutenant of Goisnes-castle, were beheaded on Tower-Hill, May 6tb, follow- ing, and their bodies and heads were buried in the Augustine Friers church of London, as Stow writes.

Sir Francis Bacon, in his Life of King Henry VIL* gives the following account: * In 1501, on the Earl of Suffolk*s flying into Flanders, King Henry the Seventh growing jealous of him, caused Sir Robert Curson, Captain of the castle of Hammes, to •fly from his charge, and to feign himself a servant of the Earl of Suffolk's 5 who thereby insinuating himself into his secrets, gave advertisements to the King of such who were friends to him. Whereupon AVilliara Courtney, Earl of Devonshire, brother-in- law to the Earl, as also William de la Pole, his own brother. Sir John Wyndham, and others, were taken into custody ; and Sir John was attainted and beheaded the 6th of May, 1503/

ITiis Sir John Wyndham had two wives 3 first, the Lady Mar- garet, daughter to John Howard, Duke of Norfolk, by whom he had issue Sir Thomas, his son and heir 5 Edward ; George, who died in 1543, having been Archdeacon of Norwich, Precentor of St. Paul's, and Master of the college of Rushworth, in Norfolk ; who, together with his brethren, the friers of that college, in 26 Henry VIIL" swore fealty to the King, Queen Anne, and the issue begotten 00 her body; also that they will make known, preach, and persuade the people to do the same, whenever place and opportunity shall serve. Likewise three daughters; Anne, wife of Thomas Radcliffe, Esq. ; Elizabeth, first, of Sir Francit Calthorpe, of Ingham, in com. Norfolk) and afterwards of Sir John Culpepcr, Knt. and Dorothy.

His second wife " was Eleanor, daughter of Norman Wash- bourne, of Wasbbourne, in Worcestershire, Esq. and widow of Sir Richard Scrope, a younger son of Henry Lord Scrope, of Bol- ton J by whom he had a son, Francis, who died young, and a daughter, Frances 5 which Lady died in 21 Henry VII. as aj)- pears by the probate of her will, bearing date December 1 1th, 21 Henry VII. 1505. She therein writes herself £/ia«ore ffynd" ham, widowe, late wife of Sir John ff^yndhanty Knt. and order* her body to be buried in the choir of the Austin Friers, in Not-

H Stow's AnnaJf, p. 4$4. » General HUt. of Engl. Vol. I. p. 6p, 6^1.

» Rymet's Foedciti, Vol. XIV. p. 518. a Vii dt Com. Noxf. 0,L m Offic. Armor.

404 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

txrich, beside the high-altar there, to which she bequeaths a pair of chalices, silver and gilt ; to the intent that the Friers there shall pray for the soul of her, the saifl Eleanor, and Sir John Wyndham, late her husband ; and that a Frier priest sing, and pray for her sout,within the said place, the space of a whole year, and to have for his salary 53s. 4d. She was also a benefactor to the White Friers of Norwich, to the Black Friers in Norwich^ and to the Grey Friers there -, the abbey of Barking, and to other religious houses. And wills, that on the day of her burial, 51. be bestowed in alms ; and at her burying day, her seventh day, month day, and year day, there be disposed for her 401. after the discretion of her executors. • And that an honest priest sing ^ her in the university of Cambridge, for two years, and be allowed for his stipend eight marks every year. She b^ucaths to the Lord of Oxford a cross of gold with diamonds; and to the Lady, his wife, a ring with a ruby. To the Lady Beaumont, her daugh- ter, a pursle of sable, her best feather-bed, and other fufniture. To Thomas Wyndham> her son-in-law, a vestment, and mass- book, three hangii^, and other furniture. To her daughter, Alianore Wyndham, wife of the said Thomas, a gown of black velvet, furred with marten, &c. And other legacies to Dame Anoe Scrope, her daughter, her daughter Mary Scrope, her daughter Jane Scrope, her daughter Ffapces Wyndham. Also to George Wyndham, Elizabeth, Margaret, an4 Eleanor Wyndham, Edmund Wyndham, and John Wyndham. Also to her daugh- ters unmarried, which she had by her first husband. Sir Richard Scrope, all the residue of her array, and household stuff, not be- fore l)equeathed; and leaves the residue of her fortune to het executors. Sir Thomas Tyrrell, Knt. John Tey, Esq. and Richard Wode, Gent.* To which she set her seal, &c.

Sir Thomas Wyndham, of Felbrigge, eldest son, was Pone of the commanders of that fleet, which, sailing from Dover, and fcouring the seas, came into Portsmouth about the middle of May, in 4 Henry VIII. He also attended Sir Edward Howard^ Lord Admiral, in the expedition to Biscay the same year,^ and was by him knighted in Croyfon-Bay, in France. He ' was also with that Admiral, when he was drowned in the attempt oa Brest: and being one of the Knights of the King's body/ at-

• Regitt. Dean Qu. x. in cur, prxrog. Cantoar.

P Hairs Chron. in Life of Henry Vlll. f. i^.

4 WecTcr's Funeral Monuments, p. 796. r Sum*t Annals, p. 49s.

• Weever, pned.

EARL OF EOREMONT. 401

tended his Majesty at the sieges of Tfaerooene and Tournay, where he did good service, as also in other places ; and was of his Privy-Council.

In 12 Henry VIIL he attended the King/ at his conferences with the French King, between Guysnes and Ardres, having, in bis retinue, a chaplain, eleven servants, and eight horses.

This Sir Thomas Wyndham, Kot. made his will," at his manor of Felbrigge, October 22d, 1321, which being remarkable, I shall insert it in hU own words. First (says he), for the recommenda- cion of my soule into the moost mercifull hands of him that re- demed me, and made it, I make and say this my accustomed prayer. Domine Ihu Creste, quime'ex Nichelk Creasti, FtcisH, Redemisti, ^ Pr^edesHnasti ad hoc quod sum, Tu sets, quod de me facere vis. Face de me secundum Voluntatem tuam cum Mue* ricordia. Tberfor do of me thy wylle, with grace, petie, and mercy, humbly and intirely I beseche the } and into thy moost merciful hands my soule I commytte. And howe be it, as syn- full creature, in synns conceyved, and in synne have lyved; knowinge perfectly that of my merits I cannot atteyn to the lyfe everlastyng, but only by the merits of thy blissid passion^ and of thyne infinite mercy and grace. Nevertheless my mer- cifhll Redeemer, Maker, and Savyour, I trust that by the spe* ciall grace and mercy of thy blessed mother, ever virgyn, our Lady Mary, in wliom, afler the in this mortall lyfe, hath ben my moost singular trust and confidence, to whom in all my necessi* 6es I have made my contynuall refuge, and by whom I have hitherto ever bad my speciall comfort and rcleef $ will in my luoost extreme nede, of her infinite pitye, take my soule into her bands, and bit present unto her moost dere sonne; whereof swete I^dy of mercy, very mother and virgyn, well of petie, and surest nfhge of all nedefull, moost humbly, most intirdy, and moi^ hartely I beseche the, and for my comfort in this bchalfe I trust* Also to the singular mediacions, and prayers of all the holy com^ pany of hevyn, aungells, archaungells, patriarches, prophets, apo« steils, evaungelttts, martyres, confessoures and virgynes; and specially to n^n accustomeed advourrys, I call and crye. Saint John evangelist. Saint George, Saint Thomas of Canterbury, Saint Margaret, Saint Kateryn, and Saint Barbara, humbly ber iKche you, that not onlye at the houre of deth, soo too aydcj

« MS. B. 5. in Bibl. Job. Aosdff Arm. nup. Gart. Reg. Arm, P Sx l^egitt, Podfeldc Quite 3, in Cur, PriROge Qsoiotr,

40§ PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

socour and defend me $ that the auncyedt and gooiid/ enoin^, i Doon other yll or dampnabell spirite, have power to invade roe, nor with his tereablenes to anoje me ; but also with yoor holy prayers, to be intercessorice, and mediatrice, Qoto my maker and redemer, for the retnjrssion of my synoes, and salvacion of my soole; and for as mocbe as I intende and purpose^ to the honor of God, and oar blessed Lady Saint Mary the virgyn, to adowme and vawghte a chapell, called oar Lady Cbapell, set and buylded at the estende of the Quere, within sight of the monastery of the Holy Trinitie^ at the citte of Norwichej and also to have in the same monastery, for the comforte of my soule, and remission of my synnes, a yereJy memorial of ray obytc, jnperpetuum, T will and bequethe that whensoever it shaU please my Savyer Jhu Crista to caU me owyte of this transitorye lyfe, and my body be buryed in the mydst of the same chapell of our bllssed Lady, after my poor estate aod'substaunce that God hath gevyn me, without dampnable pomp, or snperfluitief. Where, uppoo my body I v[o\l have a tombe, as shall be thought convenient to myn execa« torsi, sufficiently large for me and my two wyft, yf my wife £K«> zabeth woll be there buried. And as touching the funeraU tn^ terpoent of my body, and charges of my sepulture, I remitt it t9 the discrecion of myo executors, dedyrlng tbeym that ix may be convenient after my little substance. And in any wyse, I woH* have a sermon made by a Doclor of divinitie, a| the n^ass of re-« quiem. Also I will have immedWitdie after my decease, as shortly^ as may be possible, a M. massea to be said within the d tie of Norwich, and other places, within the ^tre of Norfolk; whereof I will have, in the honor of the blsssed Trinitie, one hundredth $ SB honot of the 5 wounds of ouv Savyour ^hu (^risl, one hun* dretb ; in honour of the 5 joys of our ^lissed Lady, one hundrethf 10 the honor of the 9 orders of Aungells, one huqdreth ; in the- honor of the Patriarchs, one hundreth. In the honor of the IS ApfuteUs, one hundreth. |n the honor oiziXSemts, one hundreth. Of fiequiem, one hundreth.' In the honour of St, John the Evan* gtiisi, 30. In the hocK>r of St, Qeorgt, 40. In tike honor of Si. Thomas of panterbury, 30. In the |sonor of St. Margaret, 40. Iji the honor of St, Kateryn, 30. And of St. Barbara, 30; ^which naaketh the whole nombr of M. masses. Also I ^ill that all my debt8> first and before all other charges, be paid by tb» bandes of myne esecutors j wherewith I charge theym, as they will aunswere before God, and discharge my conscience. Also | will yf an^ m^ or woman causq or cpmplayne of an^ injuries^ or

EARL OF EGREMONTi 40]f

wrongs^ docn by rac, and so duclj proved before myn executors, or sapervisors^ that they be restored to the uttermost. Also I will that myn executors, as sone as it may be boom out of my goodes, doo cause the said chapel of our blissed Lady to be wawtyd with free stone after the workmanship and wawtyng of the church there, as well in stars and colours, as in gilding with sterrys^ as shall be devysed by myn execiitors ; and with myn arms, badgys, and devy£es. Also I will have a priest, secular or religious, to synge for me, my said wyffs and firends, in the said chapel inpcr- petuum, with an yerely obite, to be kept with a solempne dirige and masse of requiem, by the prior and convent and their success SOTS ; every such a daye as it shall happen me to dye upon, or at near as it may be conveniently; and the said prior and convent, and their successors, shall distribute yerely as they think conve* nient, inperpetuum. Proved 4 March 1522; and Eliz. his re* licr, and Thomas Earl of Surry, were administrators. As to his manors^ lands, &c. he made the following disposition.

I Sir Thomas Wyndham, Knyght,* sonne and heire of Sir John Wyndham, Knyght, this 12 October, 13 Hen. VIIL As to the disposition of all my manors, lands, tenements, rents, services, and reversions, hereditaments, with their appurtenances. And also of all my wards and marriages now bowght by me, with all advowsons by any means belonging to me, or to any other to my use, in the counties of Norfolk, and Yorkshire^ or ells where within the realme of Englond.

First I will that my co-fe6f(cts, suflfre Dame Elizabeth my wife, to occupie my manors of Bentley and Hamehhwayte in Yorkshire, and all purchased lands within the same manors; &nd my manor of Melton Constable in com. Norfolk, for terra of hir lyfe, according to the purport of indentures the same shall de- scend ; remainder to my sonne Edmond and to the beires of his body ; and in deiaulte to the right heires of me the said Sir Tho- mas Wyndham. .4nd yf it fortune my next heir to be not of full age at the death of my said Wyfe, that then my executors shall receive and take the profits of the manors of Bentley and Hamel<* thwayte, in Yorkshire, during the nonage of my said next heire, toward the performaunce of my last will and testament. He willi that his son Edmonde, his heir apparent, shall have all his ma* nors of Crownthorpp, Wybylwode, and Huckforth, immediately afier his deces^^ to bym and to Suzanne his wyfe, and to the

* Ex Reg. Bodfeldc Qu. 3, at aotea*

406 P££RAG£ OF ENGLAND.

longer IjTver of them, and to the heiret of his bod7 lawfallj he- gotten. And for defawte of issae^ to the right heiret of him th« said Sir Thomas* in fee simple. And yf it fortune the saide £d- monde, and Sosanne his wyfe, to dye without jssuc within vii yeres next after his decesse i and yf his next heire be then of full age* he wille that he shall have the said manors to him aqd hit heires* And that his executors shall receive* towards the per-r formance of his will* all the proffits of the manors of Felbrigge, Aylmerton> and Runton* with the advowsons and presentations to the same ; and of the manors of Todyngton* Bamyngham» Yng- worth* and Colby* with the like advowsons and presentations; and of the manors of Briston* and Wolterton* and of the manor of Wbighton in Yorkshire* with ail purchased lands within any of the said manors ; excepted suche purchased lan^^^ as he bad graunted to Peter Nobis D. D. for terme of his life. To holde the said manors for term of vii yeres fully complete after his de- cesse* to be imployed to the use of his wille. Alsp my wyfe shall have the manor place of Felbrigge* the manors of Aylmerton and Runton* for terme of her lyfe^ being a widowe* sole and unma« ryed. And y{ she will dwell in the said place* to pay to my ex« ecutors for the performance of my will, yerely xU. out of the said cnanors. And Doctor Peter Nobys* the proffits of 2 partes of the manors of Listens in Metton* and of all the lands called Ty Hocks* and Sadelers* lying in Colby and SulFeld. And also of the manor of Yves in Bryston* by me purchased, for terme of his lyfe ) as I have graunted unto him by ray dedes. That vfiy sonne Edmonde, or whp shall fortune to be my next heire* shall have the manors of Felbrigge* Aylmerton^ and Ruqton* after the 7 yeres exspyred. And after the decesse of my wyfe* to hiip and to the heires of his body ; and for defaulte of the heires of my Sonne Edmonde* to remayne to the right heiri of mp the said Sir Thomas* according to an intaile thereof nnade by my grauntfader* John Wyndham* E^quier. That my sonue Edpionde, or any other that shall fortune to be my ne^t heire, shall have out of the said manors of Felbrigge* Aylmerton, and Rupton, yerely after the vii yeres exspyred, the which 1 have appoynted for the per* fourmance of my wylle, xli. to be paid by piy wyfe, D^rae £11- «abeth Wyndham^ yf she will dwell in it. Also I woll that xnj ^nne Edmond, or any otbpr that sh£\ll fortune tq be my pext heire* shall have the manors of Todyngton, Barnyngham* Yngr worth* and Colby, imediatly after the 7 yeres exspyred next after py dcih, and fo l^s hcifs pf his body lawfully begotlon. Apd fof

ISARL OF EGREMONT. iog

deflate of Issae of him, the said manore to remayn to the fight heirs of me the said Sir Thomas, accordmg to an intayle thereof^ mttle by my grauQtfader John Wyndham, Esquier. Also I woH that immediatly after the 7 y^^ exspyred, for the performaunce of my will, the said K( monde my sonne, or any other that shall be myn next heire> shall have the manor of Bryston to him and to bis heires> in fee umple. Also I woll that my executon shall take and receyve the prc^ts of the manor of Sosted, called Danys, and of all other londes thereto belonging, the which J lately pur- chased of Robert Danne, for terme of 7 ycres after my decesse 5 and after tlie 7 ycres exspyred, and the deth of my wyfe, to my next heire, npon snche condickm as before expre^ed. That my Sonne, John Wyndham, shall have my parte of the manor of Wulterton, after 7 yercs exspyred, for the perfonrmance of my wille, and also the manor of Melton Constable^ after the decesse of my wyfe, to hold the said manors to him and his hdres, and for defaute of yssue of him, to the right heires of me the said 6tr Thomas. That my sonne, Thomas Wyndham; shall have my manor of Wbighton in Yorkshire, when he comyth to the age of 21 yeres. To hold to him and to the heires of his body ^ and for defaute of suche issue, to the right heires of me the said Sir Tho- mas. That my said son, Thomas, shall have the moytie of the manors of Bowking, called Dorwarde. And also of the nioytie of the manor of Alseford, of the which manors I lately bought the res version. I woll that Erasmus Paston, sonne and heire of William Paston, Knyght, shall marry, and take to wife, Mary Wyndham, my daughter. But yf the said marriage happen not to take efiect for lack of agreement, casualtie of deth or otherwise, then I will that myn executor shall receive ^1 suche sumes of money com% fTysed in certain indentures.

I will that my soone Edmonde, or any other of iny sonnes and their heires, that shall happen to be myn heire, whensoever it shall l^ppen them to have my purchased londs, with the profits of my manors of Felbryge, Aylmerton, and Mettoo, Runton, and Susted, with their appurtenances, and all my purchased lands within the sanoe^ and my manors of Todyngton, Bamyngham, Yngworth, and Colby; that he or they shall fynde an honest -preest to synge in the churche of Felbrige, for my soule, for my wyfs soule, my fader, and moder sooles, and all my frends soules. And that he shall have x marks by yere, without mete and drynk. And yf he will have mete and drynk with them at the pbce, then lie \o ij^ave t marks for his fiypendej and this to be contyned u

410 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

long as it shall please God^ that anj of mj blood shall contyntiev and to kepe mja obeite. In recorapence whereof, I hare por* chased certeyo lands in Aylmerton, SufFeld, Colby, Albje, Mel* ton, Briston, Crownthdrpp, Wykylwood, Sostede, and fientley; Id Yorkshire, and in other places, to the yerely valae of 461. bf the yere and abov^.

I ^U that myn executors shall take the proffiu of all snch loads, as I now haf e in my hands, by the reason of the nonage of Edmond Knevet, or of his next heire; or by reason of aof bargain made with Edmond Knevet, by the will of Sir William Knevet | and of snche lands as shall happen to fall in reversioa, by aby grauot made by the King, of the said Edmond, or of his next hetres. Abo I wyll that Anthony Wyngfield shall buy the marriage of the said Edmond, yf he will pay cccc 1. at the lest, kit he cost me v. c. pounds. And I will that he shall have to kepe him xxL by the yere at the nrioost. And wber I have pott c^r.eioi manors in feoffment, and declared my last will of them, towarde the helpyng of my 2 younger sonnes, I think it very reasonable, and that my next heire shold in noo wyse grudge at it » for I have redemyd all my lands out of King Hen. the 7th bai^ds, Who had of me in money, for the same, 2850 marks, over add above my cbsts of sute for the same. Also I have paid to Mary, Jane, aod Kateryn Scrope, my first wyfs susters, 1000 1. in redy mony, the which was owyng for the purchas of Bentley» aod Hemelthwayte, in Yorkshire, purchased by my fader Sir John Wyildham. And also 1 have left in possession ane reversion i as moch lands to my next hdre, of myn own purcheas, as rhav6 gt^yn to my 2 younger sonoys, the which lyeth move necessarye for him, thm the other dyd* In witnesse, Stc. Frobat. 4 Marcb^ J 522.

He was buried in the chapter-house (as Weever writes), but DQore probably in the midst of the chapel joining to the cathe- dral church of Norwich,)^ where a Air monument was erected to bis memory, which was much de&ced in 16J0, and pan of th^ inscription only remsined, as follows (so that it is likely the cha* pel mentioned in his will, was, on the reformation, made a chapter house) :

Orate pro Ammahus Thome Windham MUiiis, Eleanore V Domme Elizabethe uxorum ejus. Qui quidem Thomas Juit uniis C^nsiU^tiorum Domini Regit Henrici oclaf>i, ac unus mUitum pro mrpore ejusdem Domini Regis, nee non vice admrrallt^ . ,

7* WecTer^s Funeral Momimcntf, p. 79^*

EABL OF EGREMONT. 411

Also in tbe sM diaprter-house wad this inscri^ion^ thus maimed ID 1630:

Orai. . . . TAo, Wyndham tniUiis & Eli%abeihe uxoris ejus, • • ;• umu oonikibuL . • • • • Domini Regis Hen* 8. oc Mn. . . • • miliium pro coTpore, ••••••

This Sir Thomas had two wives, first, Eleanor/ daughter and coheir of Sir Richard Scrope, of Upsa^p, in Yorkshire, Knight; bfwhom he had issoe, as mentioned in his will. Sir Edmund Wyndham, of Pelbriggef Sir John Wyndhem, of Somersetshire, ancator to the present Earl of Egremmtt} and three daughters ]; Margaret, wife of Sir Andrew Lutterell, of Dudstar Castle^ ia com. Somers. Kntght; Mary, married to Sir Erasmus Pa8too> <^f Piston, in com. Norf. Knight, ancestor to the late £arl» of Yarmouth ; and Elizabeth, of whom there is no further meo^ tion.

Tbe second wife was EHzabeth, daughter of Sir Henry Went- wortb, of Nettlested, in SofTolk, Knight of the Bath, and r^i<5t of Sir Roger Darcy, of Danbury, in Essex, Knight, by whom be bad Sir Thomas Wyndham, Knight, who by his fkther'tf will had the nTianor, &c. of Whightoo^ in Yorkshire, the moiety of tte manor of fiocking, called Dorwarde, and the moiety of the manor of Alosfbrde. He was a very eminent sea commander, and pro- genitor to the Wyndham.<^ of Stokesby, Clere, and Cndk, in thib counties of York and Durham. >

Sir Edmund Wyndham, eldest son, was knighted in the 28 Henry VIIl. at the creation of Edward Seymour, Lord Viscount Beauchamp^ and was the year following sherifFof Norfolk^ also in 2 Edward VI. much and deserredly trusted, on the iosurrec* tion of Ket, the tanner, in that county, Thb Sir Edmund was in great favour with King Henry Vill. and bad from him sere* ral beneficial grants of Istnds, belonging to the dis«6l?ed abbies in Norfolk, and elsewhere. He married Susan, daughter of Sir ' Roger Townsend, of Raynham, in Norfolk, Knight, by whom he was father of three daughters, of whom, Jane was first mai'* ried to John Pope, of Oitfordshtre, Esq.) secondly, to Humphry Coningsby, Esq* and dying 22d November, l606, in the sixty* jeventh year of her age, was buried at Felbrigge, in Norfolk-: |Uao(^ three sons ; ]. Roobb, who died withouf issue.

2. Sir Frahcis Wyndhami who» in 15 Elie.^ was with othen

2 Pedigree of the funiiy of Portnaa, drawn ano. i66iy in the poiKStloii of J^enry Semour Poitman, of Orchard, Somersetshire, Esq. ^ Rymer's Fctdera, Vol, XV. p. 7*^.

41^ REERAGE OF ENGLAND.

eommissioned in the connty of Norfolk, to inquire into all ofieaces committed, contrary to an act. of Parliament in 1 Eliz. for unifwr^ ^ty of common prayer, and service of the church, and adminisira» •Hon qfthe sacraments. The year after be was *» one of the Gover- Dors of Lincoln's -Inn. In 1557, he was ^ called to the degree ol a Seijeant at Law; and in Michaelmas term 21 Eliz. OQade<* one of the Judges of the Court of Common Pleas. He was buried in the church of St. Peter, in Norwich, and a stately monument was there erected to his memory,^ with his effigies from his middle* in his Judge's robes, with a black cap on his head, his right hand leaning on a death's head, and in his left hand a book ; with an arch over his heaJ, supported by pillars, on the top of which are his arms and crett; but no inscription was thereoo in Weefer*s time.

Thomas, third son of Sir Edmund, died unmarried, and a mo^ fiument is erected to his memory, in the church of Felbrigge, io ^orfdk, with this inscription :

Here lieth the body of Tho. Wyndham, Esq. (third son of Sir Edmond Windham, Knt. deceased), who lived a single life, and died the 20th day of December, in the yeare of our Lord 1599, and of his age the ■ ' ■ to whose worthy memory Sir John Windham, of Orchard, in the county of Somerset, Knt. being bit ^in and heire, hath set thif marble,

Livest thou, Thomas? yeas; where? with God on higbe. Art thou not dead ? yeas, and here I lye.

I that with men on earth did live to die.

Died for to live with Christ eternallie.

But the three sons of Sir Edmund Wyndham leaving no issue, the manors of Crownthorpe, and Felbrigge, with the rest of the ancient patrimony of the family, by the entail of Sir Thomas Wyndham, descended to the issue of his second son. Sir John Wyndham, of whom I am principally to treat.

Which SiK John, by the will of his father. Sir Thomas, was possessed of the manors of Wulterton, and Melton Constable, in the county of Norfolk ; and by marriage with Elizabeth, daught ier and coheir of John Sydenham, of Orchard, in the county of

^ Dugdale*t Orig. Jurid. f. 260. * Dtigdate*s Chmoici Senet , f, 95,

^ Ibid, p. 94. f Weerer*! MonumeatSy p, lo2«

£ARL OF £GR£MONT. 413

Someneli bad that estate in right of his wife; and made it his principal residence^ which now retains the name of Orchard Wyndkam. He was knighted ' at the coronation of King fid- ward VI. and living at Orchard, to a great age, died in 16 £liz, as the probate of his last will shews. Leland, who was contem- poraiy with him, has given this account in his Itinerary :

* A quarter of a mile s from Willington> or more, I cam to Orchard, where Mr, John Wjrndeham dwelleth. This manner place was erected bj a younger brother of the Sydenhams. And of this name tber hath beene 4 owners of Orchard, that was pur- chased by the first of the 4, The secunde Sydnhani married with the heire general <^ one Gamon, or rather Cambourne, a man of acX) markes of lande in Devonshire and Comewal. This Gamon gave, in a lelde of sylver, thre legges, sables. Sidenham the 2, builded moste parte, or almost all the good building of Orchard. The 3. dyed leving a sunne and 2 doughtersj tbe sunne or he came to suui yeres of age dyed. The 2 doughters were thus mar- ried ; one to John Wyndham, a younger brother of Wyndham of

Feibridge in Norfolk. 1 he other was married to .^ I

markid yn the glasse wyndowes at Master Wyndehams, the armes of John Wyndham, and Thomas Wyndham, Knights. The one of them married tbe doughter of Haward D. of Norfolke, the other the doughter of the Lord Scrope of Bolton. Orchard is ya tbe parocbe oi S. Decun, alias Decumane, a mile or more from tbe se side^ and a 2 miles irom the chapelle of our Lady of Clyfe.*

By his last will and testaa>ent, which bears date at Orchard tbe 7tb of April, 1573»^ he bequeaths his soul to Almighty God» his Maker and Creator, and to his only son Jesus Christ, in whom, and by the merits of hu blessed death and passion, is all his whole trust, for clear remission and forgiveness of all his sins. He orders his body to be entombed within the tomb, which he bad lately (through God*s permission and sufferance), erected and ended, within the parish church of St. Decumannes ; and he wills that there be bestowed about his burial to much money, as shall be convenient for ope of his calling. Also whereas by the procurement of tbe right honourable^ and my singular good Lord

f MS. Claudius C. 3. in Bibl. Cotton. I Lebnd's Itinerary, Vol. II. p. 6^^ 70. ^ To Thomas Brydgfs younger brother to John first Lord Chandos. See hit Siucriptioil in Charlbury church, Oxfordshire. See Tcpograpktr^ Vol. U ^ £z Regiiu Pykcfiog Qa, 16^ ia Cur, Pnrog. Ctau

414 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Earl of Sussex^ hit hath Kked the right boooiinil^e the Lord Trea* •oarer, to have graunted and eominitted unto me the marriage^ wardship and castodj, as well of the bodiei as also of the lands of John Wyndcham, son of John Wyndeham, Esqnter, my son de- ceased, and ward to the Queen's roost excellent Majesty j as by an entry made in the book of the said Threasourer yt doth ap* pear; I do devise and bequeath the marriage and warddiip of the said John Wynd^am, and of his lands, during his minoritye, unto Humphry Wyndcham, and Charles Wyndeham, two of my sons, and uncles to the said ward, to their own uses. Requiring and straightlie charging them, that they be careful of his bringing up at the univer^tie, and innes of courte. He bequeaths legacy! to his daughter Margaret, wife of John Francis, Esquier^ bis daughter Eleanor^ wife of Thomas Carne, Esquier; his daughter Catharine, wife of Christopher Wood, Esquier. He constitutet his sons, Edmund, Charles, and Humphry Windham, his execu- tors; and overseers of his will, his sons-in-law^ John Francis, and Thomas Came, Esquires. And on the 2d of March, in the l6th year of Queen Elizabeth, made a codicil, wherein he declared, that his son Charles Wyndham should enter into the like bond for the performance of his will, as his sons Edmond and Humphry had done. He died soon after, the probate bearing date April 18th, 1573.

He, with his Lady, lies buried ia St. Decnoran^s church, onder a tomb, built of freestooe, four feet high, three broad, and seven in length, on the top whereof are their effigies, engraved at full length, on two plates of brass, and inlaid, over their respective epitaphs. Which tomb stands under a triumphal arch, supported by four pillars, after the Grothic manner, neatly carved, and adorned with the arms of the family, and other devices. On two plates of brass are the following epitaphs :

Although a man he never so posseste

Withe all the gyftes that fortune can hestawe, And thoughe his mynde be bewttjied and bleste,

IVith everye grace that from the Heavens doflowe. Yd at the taste, this fickle life we owe.

Perforce mustfele the stroke of fatal knyfe, * Suche is the fray itie of our present lyfe. ^ A perfnght patteme to approve the same,

Lo here the corps of Syr John Wyndham, Knight, Whose fcmltki lyfe hathe pyrchaste, suche a fame.

EARL OF EGREMONT. 415

As deathe with all fns darts shall never frighu$ The Sonne itself shall sooner lose hu lighte^

Then he shall want his well deserved praise, Suche werthie deedes of his forepassed daie^. This werthie Knight ofknightUe parentage. In Norfolk home, the msdle sonne ofthre. Who when he was hut yet qfsomige age,

Putforthe suche huddes of proofe what he wolde he^ As heirtg stirred with xeale to hear and see

The worlde, wherehy him selfe mighte advaunce. He paste the seas to serve the King of Frounce, Where entertaynde in place of good accompte.

Here to the Prince in favour iyved still. Till care ofcountrey soil (which doth surmountej

Did drawe him home, where hending witte at wiU, Tofeates ofarmes and other warlike skill. His liege in Heu of loyal service done, Advaunste him to the seat ofkyiightUe rome. Thus happelie led this tvorthie Knight his life.

And died in faith hy Christ of future joye, Hjw good and virtuous Ladye to his wyfe

He had, what seed hir epitaphe dothe showe. To us hehinde therehy thisfruyte dothe growe,

First in his deathe Godes power and praise is knowne. Then hy his life we learn to mende our owne.

An epitaphe upon the deathe of th& Ladye Elixabetli • Wjndbaoi.

That goodly grafle which erste in Orchard grewe. Drawn hy discentefrom worthie Sydnams race, Looe here yt lyes hy aime of outward vewe, Wrapte in the wehhe of thrice unhappy case. But yet indeede (through undeserved grace) Is planted nowe in such a pleasant soyle. As springs for aye, and yet requires no toyle. What cause hir deathe dothe offer to lamente, None knowes so well as Sir John Wyndharii, Kmgktf Withe whome tunse two and forty yeres she spente. In hlissfuU state of hothe theire hartes delyghte. To whom herfrutefuU womhe hrought unto ligh{e

416 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

A race of children Jitiinge hir degree, Ofdaughtere sixe, hir sonnes werefower and three. Those goodh/ gyfles that did her mtnde possesse, As xealous love to God and to his /awes. Her aumsturinge lyfe to that she did prof esse, Hir redye hande to helpe the porest cause, (Since fame resounds) my siliie penne shall pawse, And praie to God, that we which here alyde. May treade the stepps of such a parfght guydc.

Ohiit primo die Januarii, 157 1 r

Their children were, !« Johv, of whom hereafter.

2. EoMONO^ ancestor to the Wyndhams of Kentsfbrd, Ca- thangre, Pillcsdon» Yale, and Trent. Which Edroond Wyndham of Kentsford, in com. Somerset, married ^ Mary, daughter and coheir of Richard Chamberlaine» Esq. Alderman of London, and bad several children -, Sir Hugh Wyndham, his fourth son, was created a Baronet, August 4tb, 1041, but by Mary,* daughter of Christopher Alanson, of London, Esq. leaving only daughters and coheirs, his title became extinct. Sir Thomas Wyndham, elder brother to Sir Hugh, wiU of Kentsford, and married ™ Eli' zabeth, daughter of Richard Coningsby, of Hampton-Court, in com. Heref. Esq. by whom he had several children. Most of hb sons engaged in the service of King Charles L Colonel Francis Wyndham, his fourth son, is memorable for conducting King Charles II. to his seat at Trent after the battle of Worcester, where he entertained the King with the following remarkable passage of his father, Sir Thomas Wyndham :° ' That, not long before his death, in the year 1636, he called unto him his fire sons (having not seen them together in some years before), and discoursed unto us (said he) of the loving peace and prosperity this kingdom had enjoyed, under its three last glorious Monarchs; of the many miseries and calamities which lay sore upon our an- cestors, by the several invasions, and conquests of foreign nations, and likewise by intestine insurrections and rebellions. And not- withstanding the strange mutations and changes in England, he shewed how it pleased God, in love to our nation, to preserve an undoubted succession of Kings, to sit on the regal throne. He

1" U NeTe*8 MSS. Vol. II. p. 135. I Ibid. « Ibid.

• Vide the Account of ihe King*! Concealment at Trcati at the end of BoS* cobe^ p. 129,

EARL OF EGREMONT. 417

kttcDtiooed the healing conjunction of the two booses of York and Lancaster, and the blessed union of the two crowns of Eng* land and Scotland ; stopping up those fountains of bloody whiph, by national feuds and quarrels kept open, had like to have drowned the whole island. He said, he feared the beautiful garment of peace would shortly be torn in pieces, through the neglect of ma- gistrates, the general corruption of niMinners, and the prevalence of a puritanical faction, which (if not pre\*ented)^ would under- mine the very pillars of government. My sonl we have hitherto teen serene and quiet times 5 but now prepare yourselves for cloudy and troublesome. 1 command you to honour and obey our gracious Sovereign, and in all times to adhere to the crown ; and though the crown should hang upon a bush, [ charge you, forsake it not. These words being spoken with much earnestness both in gesture and manner extraordinary, he rose from his chair> and left us in a deep consultation what the meaning should be of —The Crown hanging upon a bush. These words. Sir (said the Colonel), made so firm an impression in all our breasts, that the many afflictions of the sad times cannot raze out their indelible characters. Certainly, these are the days which my father pointed out in that expression ; and I doubt not, God hath brought me through so many dangers, that I might shew myself both a duti- ful son, and a loyal subject, in ^thfully endeavouring to serve your sacred Majesty, in this your greatest distress."

This Colonel Windham was, in the civil war. Governor of Dunstar Castle, and for his services therein, and particularly for affording the King so generous an asylum at his house, was ad- vanced to the dignity of a Baronet* He married Anne, daughter and coheir of Thomas Grerard, of Trent, Esq. by whom he had that estate ': but this title became extinct on the death of Sir Francis Wyndham, of Trent, Bart, in his minority, in April,17l9j and Frances, his sister and heir, was married to Henry Bromley, of Horseheath, in com. Cantab. Esq. Knight of the Shire for that county, afterwards created Lord Montfort.

The third son of Sir John Wyndham, of Orchard (by the daughter and coheir of Sydenham), was ° Humphry of Wivelis- combe, in com. Somers. Esq. whose sole daughter and heir, Eliza- beth, was married to John Colles, of Barton, in com. Somers. Esq.

4. Charles Wyndham, ancestor to the Windhams, of Sandhill,

♦ PjrtmaQ*« Psiigrec pneJict. . VOL. IV. 2 B

418- PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

both in Somersetftbire. Of tbc six daughters of Sir Jolm, two died yoong *, Margaret was wife of John Frauncets, of CombfloiT^ ia com. Somerset -, Eleanor^ of Thomas Came, of Wenny, in com* Glamorgan j Catherine, of Christopher Wood, of TawtoD, io

com. Devon j and Elizabeth, of Welch, Esqrs.

- I now return to John, Sir John Wyndbam*s eldest son, before mentioned, who died in his father's lifetime. He married Flo- rence, daughter of John, and sister and coheir to Nicholas Wad- ham, of Mcrifield, in com. Somerset, and of Edge, in Devonshire, Esq. (founder of Wadham College, in Oxford), by whom he ha4 an only son. Sir John, the father, lies buried in the church of St. Decuman's, with hb and his Lady's effigies, engraved in brasa of about four feet in length, and luidemealh, the following in- scription on two plates of brass :

Here Ueth the bodu of John JVindham, Esq* son and heire of Sir John Windham, of Orchard, in the countye of Somerset, Knight, deceased, who died fkis father then living) the 25th day of August, in the yeare of our Lorde 1572, and of his age about 56; and of Florence his Wife, one of the daughters of John Wadham, of Mer^eld, in the countie of Somersett, Esq. and coheire of Ni- cholas Wadham, of Mer^eld aforesaid, sonne of the said John^ and brother of her the said Florence, who died the 26th day of Je- bruarie, in the year of our Lorde I5g6, and of her age 58. They had issue only Sir John Windham, of Orchard aforesaid, who, of his dutifull affection to the memorie of his dere parents, hath here plased this monument .

Mauitvs. When changelxss fate to death did change

MY LIFE, \

I PRAT D IT TO BB GENTLE TO MY WIFE.

YxoR. But shee who hart and hand to thee did

WEDD,

Desired nothing more then this thib bbdd^

FaTVM. I BROVGUT YOVRE S6VLES THAT LINCXT WERE

EACH IN EITHER, To REST ABOVE, YOVRE BODIES HERB TO0EI<- THE^.

Sir John Wyndham, of Orchard, inherited, in right of his mo- ther, the rich manor of Silferton, in Devonshire,? which had

P Prince's Worthies of Deron.

BARL OF EGREMONT. 41$^

b«en pnrchaMd by Sir Jobn Wadham, a Justice of the Common Pleas in the reign of Richard II. He succeeded to the estate of Felbrigge, in Norfolk, on the death of the last male heir of Sir Edmond Wyndham, in 41 Elix. and in 1 Jac. I. was Sheriff of Somersetshire. He was buried at St. Decoman's^ where the fol- lowing inscription is engraved^ on one entire piece of black po- lished marble; about ten feet high, and five broad : between the AM>tto and inscription are the busto of him and his Lady, cast in brass and gilt, and let into the marble, as follows, which sets forth his marriage, &c.

Mbmorijs JOikNKis Windham equestri oroinb insionis,

Antiava bt illvstri gente Windham lORVM de Felbriog,

Qvo Gavisvs est ivre hbreditario^

In agro Norfolcibnci orivndi;

bt charissim^ vxorts Joannjb, filia Hbnrici Portman

DE Orchard ivxta Tavnton Bavins avrati.

CASTI88IMO CONIVGIO LIBBROS SVSCBPKRVNT

MASCVLOS NOVBM, SEX FILIAS;

aVINaVAOINTA DVOS ANNOS COKTINVOS IN HAG PAROCHIA

StI DeCVMAMX in iEDIBUS SVIS DB ORCHARD FAMILIAM

alvervnt. Patri-« ivdicio, et popvli tbstimonio, fibtate et frobitatb svmme conspicvi,

HORVM CINERBS HIC CLAVSI iETBKNVM DIEM, BST SVAS ANIMAS BT SYVM PR^STOLANTVR REDEMPTOREM.

JtLB 1 APR. Illa 13 Sep.

1645 OBIERE. 1633

JETATIS SVM JETATIS svjb

87 68

They had nine sons, and six daughters. John, his eldest son» who succeeded him in the Somersetshire estate. 2. Henry, who died untuarried. 3. Thomas Windham, of Felbrigge, and Croun- thorpe, who dying on March Ist^ l653, aged eighty-two, had

420 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

tcpxAtuTt at Felbrigge/ and by his firit wife, Elizabeth, daugh- ter of Sir Rowland Litton, Knight of the Garter, had a mo» John, who died before his father ; also by his second wife, Eli- zabeth, daughter of Sir John Mede, of -Loftos-hall, in Essex, Knt. had two daughters, Elizabeth and Joan; and fonr sons; Thomas, who died 166I, and was buried in Wendon Loaghts ohurch, Essex ; William, George, and John ; from the eldest of whom descended Ashe Windham, Esq. who represented the county of Norfolk in parliament, in the reign of Queen Anne, and dying aged seventy-eight, on April 5tb, 1 74g, was succeeded in bis estate by his only son, William Wyndham, Esq.* 4. Hum- phry Wyndham, ancestor to the Wyndhams, now of Dunraven- Castle, in com. Glamorgan, and Glower- Wall, in com. Gloucest. 5. Greorge, who died unmarried. 6, Sir Hugh Wyndham, of Silton, Knt. who was called to the degree ^ of Serjeant at Law, on June 1st, 166O5 Jun^ 23d, 1670,^ constituted one of the Barons of the Exchequer, and at length one of the Justices of the Common Pleas $ he ^ is buried at Silton, in Dorsetshire, un- derneath a noble monunaent of white marble, which has this in- scription :

*' Here restcth the body of Sir Hugh Windham, Knt. one of the Justices of the Common Pleas at Wesiminstcr, under King Charles the Second for 13 years. He was the eighth son of Sir John Windham of Orchard Windham, in the county of Somerset, Knt. He died in his circuit at Norwich, the 27lh of July, in the year of our Lord l684, in the 82d year of his age. He had three wives j Jane, daughter of Sir Thomas Woodhouse of Kimberly, Norfolk, Bart, who also lies here interred 5 by her he had two SODS, John, and Hugh 5 and three daughters; Blanch, Joan, and Rachel. John, Hugh, and Joan died young. Hugh lies here in- terred. Blanch was married to Sir Nathaniel Napier of More- Critchel, Bart, and Rachel to John, Earl of Bristol, of Sherborne. Elizabeth, his second wife, who also lies here interred, was widow of Sir Henry Berkeley of Wimondbam, in Leicestershire, Bart, and ode of the daughters of Sir William Minn of Woodcot, in Surry, His third wife, who survived him, was widow of Sir Ed- ward Hooper of Boveridge, Dorset, Knt. and one of the daughters

^ 1.C Ncvc*s Mod. Anglican. Vol. V. p. 16.

« Father, I presame, of the present Right Hon. William Windham.

f Dugdalc's Chron. Series, p. 115. 8 IWid. p. 116.

•> Hutchin's Dorsetshire, Vol. II. p. 324, 479.

EARL 6P £GR£M0NT. 4ftl

of Tbodoas Fleming of StoneluuD^ Hants. By hU two last wives he had no issue."

7. Sir Wadbam Wyndham^ called to the degree of Serjeant at Law the 24tb of June^ 1660,^ and appointed one of the Judges of the King's Bench on November 24th following. He married Barbara^^ daughter of Sir George Gierke^ of Watford, in North- amptonshircj and became ancestor to the Wyndhams of Norring- ton, Dinton, Salisbury, and Spargrove; and Thomas Wyndham, late Lord Chancellor of Ireland. 6. Sir George Wyndham, from whom the Wyndhams of Cromer, in com. Norfolk, are descend- ed. And, 9. Francis, who died unmarried. Two of the sons^ Henry and George, lie buried together in St. Decuman's church, under an handsome monument, of alabaster, whereon are the efiigies of the two brothers in armour, both on their knees 5 one of them with a cloak on, and a book before him. Under it is the following inscription :

hoc saxvm £pp161£s &cpbrt dvorum pratrvm; hsnrici

Windham ST Gborgji senioris: avos intsr numbrosam prolbm,

SVSCBPIT

JoHAHNBS Windham milbs, b conivob Joanna, pilia Hbnrici

PoRTMAN MILITIS5 APVD OxON. GRADVS ACADEMICOS OBTIN-

VBRUNT, TNOB TRANSLATI, ILLB IBI 8TUDIJS CIVIUBYS, NBC HON THBO*

LOOICIS GnAVITBR NIMIS INSVDASSBT, APVD ORCHARD DECVBVIT*

HiC VBRO, MILITIJB AMORB INCITATVS, PRIMO, INSTRVCTA CLA8SB RBOIA, VLTRA COLVMNAS HbRCVLIS CONTENDIT, INDB RBVBRSVS, BbLGIAM PETIIT, IBIO. PRJEPBCTURA BRBVl POTITVS, INTER MILITBS, FERVBNTI HORBO CORRBPTUS HviSDONI COHRVIT, VBl NECBSSITATI PAUPBRVM BVIVS PAROCHIA SVPPBDITARB BT HOC IN SVI FRATRXSa. MBMORIAM BXTRVBRB| PROPRII9 SUMpTfBVS, CVRAVIT.

HEyiicvt Pkimooinxtvs 5 Not. 1613. amno jbtatu 30*

OBIIT

GBORGIVfl^StFTIMOCIMITVt 5 IVNII 1624* ANITO JKTATIt 32*

b Dugdalc*s Cbroiir Series^ p. 114. i Monument in Watford Churcfa.

4%t PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

His daughters were> Joan, wife of John Gifford^ of Brightlef; Margaret, of John Courtenay, of Molland; and Florence, of John Harris, of Heanc, all in com. Devon. Esqrs.j Rachel^ wife of Thomas Moore, of Heitesbury, in com. Wilts; Margery, of Tho- mas Carew, of Crocomb, in com. Somerset, Esqrs.j and Anne, of Sir John Strode, of Parnam, in com. Dorset, Knt.

John, the eldest son of Sir John Wyndham, married Catharine, dtughter of Robert Hopton, of Witham, in com. Som. Esq. sister and coheir to that loyal and valiant commander, Ralph, Lord Hopton. He died in I649, and was father of Sir William Wynd- ham, Bart, who succeeded him; Thomas Wyndham, of Witham, and three other sons, that died unmarried ; also of four daugh- ters 5 Florence, wife of Sir John Malet, Knt.; Mary, of William Okeden, of More-Crichell, in Dorsetshire ; Anne, of Anthony Bullen; and Catharine, married, first, to John Speccot, and after- wards to John Tanner, Esqrs.

Sir William Wyndham was created a Baronet, 13 Car. II. and having worthily served his country in Parliament, and many other stations, died at Orchard, in 1683, and was buried at St. Dectr- man's, with his ancestors; where there is a noble monument erected to his memory, of black and white marble, finely dccc- rated and embellished with figures of cherubims' heads^ angels, aroQS, &c. with this inscription :

To the Memory

Of the most worthy of Immortal Memory

Sir WILLIAM WYNDHAM, of Orchard Wyndham, Knt.

and Bart..

Chiefe of the Antient, Great, and Noble Family

of WYNDHAM of FELBRIG in the County of NORFOLK,

Who Haveing Heroically trod in the steps of his ancestors, in their

Faithfull and Important Services to the Crowne; and in particular having

with blessed Successe, like another Curtius, Devoted himsdf, and bis Ycry

weighty Interest, to tlie do«eing the dreadful Breach of the late Monstrous Divisioos^

Betooke himselfe On the nine and twentyeth day of October, in the one and fiftyeth yearc of his age, to the Enjoyment of his more glo^ nous Immortality ; and in the yeare of our Lord 1683.

EARL OF BGREMONT. 433

His Lady FRANCES (daughter of ANTHONY HVNGERFORD, of

Fayriy Castle, Esq.) By whom he hud five sonnes and ax daughters^ the hopeful

Remainder of which number

were at the time of his death two sonnes EDWARD and HVGH^

and fbwer daughters^

RACHEL, Lady Speke,

ELIZABETH, wife of THOMAS ERLE, Esq.

FRANCES^ wife of NATHANIEL PALMER, Esq.

and lOANE, unnuirryed.

Hath,

As a Small Instance of her Great VcDeration,

For the Memory of her nnwt dcare Husband^

Erected this.

By Frances, liis said wife, daoghtcr of Anthony Hungerfbrd, of Farley-castle, in com. Wilts, Esq. he hid issue John, William, and Hugh, who died unmarried ; Sir Edward Wyndham, who succeeded him ; Rachel, wife of Sir George Speke, of Haselbnry, in Wilts, Barts. an.d afterwards of Richard Musgrave, Esq. 5 Eli- sabeth, married to Thomas Erie, of Charborough, in Dorsetshire, Esq. General of the foot, and Privy-Counsellor to Queen Anne, and to George I. ; Frances, wife of Natlianiel Palmer, of Fair- field, in com. Somerset, Bnq. j and Joan, wife of William Cary, of CloveUy, in com. Devon, Esq.

Sir Edward Wyndham, Bart, married Catharine, daughter to Sir William Levison Gower, Bart, sister to John Lord Gower ; by which Lady, who died March 14th, 1/04, he had issue. Sir William Wyndham, and one daughter, Jane, married to Sir Ri- chard Grosvenor, of Eaton, in Cheshire, Bart, to whom she was first wife, and had only a daughter, that died young.

Sir William Wyndham, Bart, his only son and successor^ was by her Majesty Queen Anne, made Master of the Bock- bo^inds, and on the 18th of June, 1711,*^ constituted Secrfetary of War, and sworn one of her Majesty's Privy-council; which place he resigned on his being made Chancellor of the Exche- quer,* August the l7tb, 17 13. He served as Knight of the Shire for the county of Scmierset, in the three last parliaments of her reign, and in every parliament after, to his death,

k Pointer** Chrop. His*. Vol. II. p. 710, 721. * Ihii, p. 73i;-

434 P££RAGE OF ENGLAND.

He was twice married i firtt (Julj 2l8t, 1708), to the Lady Ca- tharine Seymour, second daughter of his Graoe, Charles, Duke of Somerset, by whom be had two sons, and two daughters -, Sir Charles his successor, late Earl of Egretnoot $ and Percy Obrteo, of Shortgrove, in Essex, Esq. who iuberitiog the estate of his uncle, Henry, Earl of Thomond, bore the name and anus of Obrien, and was advanced to the dignity[of Baron I Brickao, and Earl of Thomond, in the kingdom of Ireland, but died a batchdor July 21st, 1774} Catharine, who died unmarried in April I734j and Elizabeth, who died at Wopttoo, in Buckinghamshire, on 5th of December, 1769, having been married in 1749 to the Ho^ nourable George Grenville, Esq. second son of ^the Right Ho- nourable Hester, Countess Temple, and father by her to the pre- sent Marquis of Buckingham.

His second Lady was Maria-Catharina, daughter of M. Peter D'Jong, of the province of Utrecht, in Holland, and relict of William, Marquis of Blandford, who died August 24th, 1731, also sister to the Countess of Denbigh ; but had no issue by her.

He died at Wells, in Somersetshire, after an illness of a few days, July 17th, 1740.

He was in person very amiable, and accomplished in all parts of fine breedings well read in learning, and of a happy memory; of great honour and integrity, in every act of life -, and strictly attached to the interest of his country. He was estceo^ one of the best speakers in the House of Commons, where his eloquence was well heard. Mr. Pope has transmitted to posterity this ch4* racter of him, anoong others :™

/ How can I, Pult*ney, Chesterfield forget. While Roman spirit charms, and Attic wit! Or Wyndham, just to freedom and the throne. The master of our passions, and his own ?*

Ou the accession of the house of Hanover, he took a strenuous part in opposition, and became for many years the leader of the Tories, against the Walpole administration > in which he was of so much importance, that the union of Tories and discontented Whigs was dissolved by his death." By his marriage in 17O8, with Lady ° Catherine Seymour, second daughter of Charles, the proud duke of Somerset, he much increased his consequence. Coxp says, that «* he was brought forward, at a very early age, by his

^ Pope^s second diak>gve for the year 1738. " See Coie, p^sstm.

EARL OF EGREMONT. 425

/riend Bolingbroke, with whom he lived' in habits of the strictest lotiroacy ; and by whose brilliant talents he was seduced into si- milar excesses of pleasure and gallantry." Speaker Onslow says, '' He was^ in my opinion, the most made for a great man, of anj •ne that I have known in this ag^: — every thing about him seenoed great:— there was no inconsistency in his composition :-« all the parts of his character suited, and were a help to one an* other. There was much of grace and dignity in hb person, aiul the same in his speaking. He had no acquirements of learning; but his eloquence, improved by use, was strong, fall, and without afifectation, arising chiefly from his clearness, propriety, and ar- gumentation; in the method of which last, by a sort of induction, almost peci^liar to himself, he had a force beyond any man 1 ever heard in public debates. He had not the vivacity of wit and pleasantry in his speeches, so entertaining in Daniel Pulteney^ bnt there was a spirit and power in his speaking, that always anima-« ted himself and his hearers, and with the decoration of his man- ner, which was, indeed, very ornamental, produced not only the • roost attentive, respectful, but even a reverend, regard to whatever he spoke."**

He was succeeded in dignity and estate by his eldest son. Sir Charles Wyndham, Bart, who succeeded to the titles of Earl of Egremont, and Baron of Cockbrmoutu, by the death of his Grace, Algernon, Duke of Somerset, without he^r male, who had been created Earl of Egremont^ and Baron of Cocktrmouih, in the county of Cumberland, by letters patent, bearing date October 3d, 23 George H. with limitation of those honours to his said nephew, Charles, late Earl of Egremont, and his heirs male -, and, in default of such issue, to his brother^ Percy Wyndham Obrien, Esq.

His Lordship, whilst he was a Commoner, was elected to Par- liament, as soon as he came of age,? for the borough of Bridge- water, in Somersetshire, on the decease of Thomas Palmer, Esq. who died itf March, 1735 j and for "^ Appleby, in Westmoreland, in the sacceeding Parliament, summoned to meet June 25th, 1741 • Also in the Parliament, summoned August I3tb, 1741, he was chosen for Taunton, in Somersetshire, and for Cockermouth, in Cumberland. On 30th April, 1751, he took the oaths before the King at St. James's, as Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the county of Cumberland, and continued so till his death.

« Coxe, II. 562, where see more of him. P BritjshParliain. Register, No. 180. 4 Ibid. No. 201.

446 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Mis Lordship, on April 24th, 1761, was nominated the first of the three Plenipotentiaries, on the part of Great Britain, to the in- tended Congress at Augsburg, for a general pacification between the belligerent powers, Great Britain, France, Hungary, Sweden, Russia, Prussia, and Saxony. He was sworn of his Majesty's Privy-council on July 8lh, and constituted Secretary of State on October ()lh, that year, on the resignation of William Pitt, Esq. On December 29th, 1 762, his Lordship took the oaths, at St. James's, as Lord Lieutenant and Gustos Rotulorum of the county of Sussex ; and was elected Governor of the Charter- House, in June, 1763 ; but died of an apoplectic fit on August 2 1st follow, ing, at his house in Piccadilly, London/

On March 12th, 1750-1, his Lordship married AHcia- Maria, daughter of George, Lord Carpenter, and sister to George Earl of Tyrconnel, in Ireland 5 and by her Ladyship (who was, at the establishment of the present Queen's household, in September, 1761, appointed one of the Ladies of the Bedchamber to her Ma- jesty, and re-married on July 6th, 1767, to Count Brubl, a Saxon nobleman, and died in 1794), had four sons, and three daughters.

1. George, wore; Earl of Egremont.

2. Ptrcy-Charles, bom on September 23d, 1757.

3. Charles- William, bom on October 8th, I759i now M. P. for Sussex; married, Febmary 4th, ISOI, Lady Anne, daughter of George, late Earl of Jersey, and widow of W. H. Lambton, Esq.

4. "William-Frederick (to whom their Majesties were sponsors in person), born April 6lh, 1 763, married Miss Harford, natural daughter of the late Frederick Lord Baltimore , and has issue, 1. George Francis, bora August 30th. 17S5. 2. Laura. 3. Julia. 4, A son hoxtk at Florence in July 179-1 ; where the father was bis Majesty's Minister in 1793.

Lady Elizabeth- Alicia-Maria, bom on November 30tb, 1/52, and married July 177 1, to Henr)- Earl of Carraarvon.

Lady Frances, bora on July 10th. 1 755, and married to Charles, BOW Eari Romney J and died January 15rb, 1/05.

Lady Chariotte, bora on September 5th, 1756, but died yoiing.

Georgb, the present and second Eaki. of Eg&emoxY, was born on Deceml>er 7th, 175I, succeeded his father, in titles and estate, 00 August 21st, 17(X3, and b unmarried. His Lordship resides principally at his magnificent scat of Peiwonh, where lie has distinguisbed himself by h's attcnnon to agricultcial pur- sints.

» Sec Park's R. tad N. A. IV. 256.

EARL OF EGREMONT. 42f

Titles. Grcorge, Earl of Egremont^ Lord and Baron of Gocker- moutbj and Bart.

Creations. Earl of Egremont, and Baron of Cockcrmouth, both 3D the county of Cumberland, October 3d, J 749, 23 George II.; and Bart. December 3d, l66l, 13 Car. IL

Arms. Azure, a chevron, between three lions heads erased. Or.

Crest, A lion's head, erased, within a Fetterlock, Or: bat •whether granted by the house of York, whose cognisance was a Fetterlock, or in an allusion to the family of Fclbrigge, who also bore it, is not known.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a lion rampant. Azure, winged invertedly, Or, On the sinister side, a griphon, argent, gutt6 de •ang.

Motto, Au Bon Dboit.

Chief Seats, Petwortb, in the county of Sussex j and Wresil- castle, in Yorkshire; dnd at Orchard Windham, and Witham^ in Somersetshire.

428 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND;

HARCOURT EARL HARCOURT.

This ancieDt and illustrious familj is descended from Bern aid, a nobleman of the blood rojal of Saxony, wbo, being born in Denmark^ was surnamed the Dane^ This Bernard was chief counsellor, and second in command to* the famous Rollo^ proge^ nitor to the Kings of England of the Norman Hne^ in his descent upon Normandy, A. D. 876, and obtained the Lordships of Har- court, Caileville, and Beauficel, in recompence for his eminent services, when RoUo, who was also a Dane, made himself master df that province. Bernard was likewise minister to Rollers son, and successor, William, styled Longa'Spatha, and guardian to his son Richard, Duke of Normandy, sumamed the Hardy, as well as regent of the Norman territories, during his minority. This renowned 'Statesman and warrior married ■' dc Sprote,

a lady of the Royal family of Burgundy, and by her left an oqly fion and heir,

ToRP, snmamed the Rich, who added Torville, Torcy, Tomy, and Pontatou, to his paternal inheritance 3 apd by Ertemberga bis wife, daughter of Launcelot de Briquebec, a nobleman of Danish extraction, had three sons, viz.

1. Touroude^ or Turulph.

2. Turchetil, ancestor to the present Earl Harcourt (as shall b« fully shewn, after giving an account of the descendants of his said clilcr brother Tot^roude). And,

3. William de Torville.

Touroude, or Turulph, the eldest son, was Lord of Pont-au-de- mer (or PonUodomarc), Torville, Torcy, Pontatou, and Bourg- touroude, and joint governor and guardian, with his brother Tqf- tketil, to the aforesaid William Duke of Normandy, during hU

EARL HARCOURT. 429

nuDority. He married Wiva (by some called Dacdine)^ sister of GaoDora> second wife of Richard Duke of Normandy: and by her was father of five sons, and one daughter, viz. Humphrey de Vetulis; Herbrand; Gilbert; Richard; and Ilbert. * His daugh- ter was Josseline, who wedded Hugh de Montgomery, and by him w98 mother of Roger de Montgomery, £arl of Shrewsbury, and Arondel, and Chichester.

HuMPBRBY de Vctulis, was Lord of Pont-au-de-raer, Preaux, Beaumont, Sec, and founded the two abbies of St. Peter and St. Leger in France. Ry his wife, Auberia or Albreda de la Haye> be had two sons, Robert de Beaumont, who was killed, without issue, by Roger de Clare; and Roger de Beaumont, who succeeded to all the possessions of his father and brother; and accompa- nied William the Conqueror in his expedition to England, A. D.

This RpoBB DB Beaumont, called Barbatus, espoused Adeline, daughter of Walleran, «nd sister and heir of Hugh, Earl of Mel- lent, and by her was father of four children; vis. Robert de Beaumont, Earl of Mellent and Leicester; Henry, sumamed de Newburgh, who in IO76 was created Earl of Warwick, but his issue male expired in 1242. William de Beaumont; and Albreda, who took the veil, and became an abbess.

RoBBBT DB Beaumont, the eldest son, was, in 1103, created Earl of Leicester by King Henry 1. having before, on the death of his mother, became Earl of Mellent. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Hugh the Great, Earl of Vermandois, of the blood royal of France, and died A. D. 1118; having, by his said Lady, had Walleran, his eldest son ; Robert, second son (sumamed Bos-« su), of both whom more fully; and several other children, be- sides Hugh, third son, called Pauper (or Poor), who was created Earl of Bedford, and wedded Alice D'Estouteville, but died with- out issue.

Walleran de Beaumont, the said eldest son, succeeded to the earldom of Mellent, and was farther dignified with the title of Earl of Worcester, by King Stephen, A.D. 1144. He married Elizabeth, sister of Simon Moot fort. Earl of Eureux, and by her was father of Robert de Beaumont, who succeeded him as Earl of Mellent, and by Maud his wife, daughter of Reginald Earl of Cornwall (natural son of King Henry 1.) was father of Peter DB Beaumont, his successor in the enrldom of Mellent; and of

> Mr. EJmonsm's Baronagiam Geaealofium. .

4M PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

JoaB> wedded to Robert de Harcourt> from whom the Haicoorli of FVance are desceoded, as shall be fully shewn.

RoBBST DB Beaumont^ sumamed Bossu, second son of Ro- bert de Beaamont> and Elizabeth daughter of Hugh Earl of Ver*' roandois, succeeded his father as Earl of I^icester^ and d^arted this life A D. II68. He had two wives ; first, Ainicia> daugh- ter of Ralph de Waier, Earl of Norfolk ;' and> secondly, Amtda, daughter of Ralph de Montfort. By the latter he had no chil- dren, but by the first be had Robert his heir (styled Blanchmaiits, or White Hands) ; Isabel, wedded, first, to Simon St. Liz, Earl of Huntingdon ; and, secondly, to Genrase Paganel; and Hawyse» mtrried to William Earl of Gloucester. The said Robbrt (styled Blanchmains), besides inheriting the earldom of Leicester from his father, had the honour of Hinckley, and the office of High Steward of England, with his wife Petronilla, daughter of Hugh de Grentemesnii ; and by her was father of, l. Robert (called Fitz-Parnd), who succeeded him in 1 igo^ as Earl of Leicester, but died in 1204, without any issue by his wife, Lauretta, daugh* ter of William Lord Braoae, of Brember) 2. Roger de Beaa- mont, who died Bishop of St. Andrew's, in Scotland, A.D. 1202; 3. William, who b by some said to have died without issue, but according to Sir Robert Douglass, in his Peerage of Scotland, p. 326, was ancestor of all the HamiUons in Scotland, Sec. 4* Amida, succesively wedded to Simon Montfiort, and Henry de Baires; and, 5, Margaret, married to Sayer de Quiacy, Earl of Winchester, and by him mother of Orabella, the wife of Sir Ri- chard Harcourt, of Stanton-Harcourt^ Ellenhall, &c hereafter mentioned.

Having thus brought down the line of Touroude, or Tumlph^ the eldest son of Torf and Ertemberga de Brlquebec, we shall now proceed to trace the descendants of Tubgbbtil, the second 8oo» lineal ancestor of the present Earl Harcourt.

The said Turchetil was Lord of Turquevile, Turqucray, 8cc. and joint guardian and governor, with his said elder brother, Touroude, to William Duke of Normandy, as before taken notice of; and at last basfsly murdered for his attachment to that prince. He married A^line de Montfort, sister of Toustain Lord of Montfort suinAisIe ; and by her had Anchitel, his heir; Walter de Turqueviiiej and Lesseiinc, the wife of William Earl of Eu, Exmes, and Montreuil.

Anchitbl, the eldest son of Turchetil, was the first who took the surname of Haecourt : and by his wife. Eve de Boessey,

EARL HARCOU*T. 431

Lady of Booasey la Chastely had seven sons^ and one danght^j Yiz. 1. Errand, or Anguerrand de Harcourt. 2. Robert do Har^ court. 3. John de Harcourt. 4. Arnold de Harcourt. 5. Gcr* Tase de Harcourt. 6. Ivo de Harcourt. 7. Renauld de Harcoof t. And Agne8> the wife of de Formeville.

Ebranp db Harcourt, the eldest son, wedded Emma D*£stoutevUle ; was commander of the archers of Val de Ruel ia the descent of William the Conqueror upon England, A. D. 1066, and returned to his native country after that Prince's coro- nation, which was solemnized on Christmas-day that year.

Robert de Harcourt, second son, surnamed the Strong, was the ancestor of ihe present Earl Harcourt, and as such shall be treated of; and

Arnold de Harcourt, fourth son, was sent for to England from Normandy, by William the Conqueror, A. D. IO68, to assist against the Danes, by whom he was slain in an engagement.

RoBBRT de Harcourt, second son, before mentioned, suroamcd the Strong, built the castle of Harcourt; and also, with hia elder brother Errand, attended William Duke of Normandy in his ex- pedition to England, A. D. 106(7. This Robert married Colede D'Argouges, and by her had seven sons. 1. William, of whom more at large hereafter. 2. Richard de Harcourt, who founded the commandery of St. Stephen at Reneville, became a Knight Templar, Grand Prior of France, and was buried at St. Stephen*! aforesaid. 3. Philip de Harcourt, who was Dean of Lincoln, Archdeacon oi York, nominated to the bishopric of Salisbury, and appointed Bishop of Bayeux, where he was buried, A. D. 1 163. . 4. Henry de Harcourt. 5. Baldwin de Harcourt. 6. Errand de Harcourt. And, 7. RoUo de Harcourt; who settled in England; and by his wife, Roesia, sister and coheir to William, son of Pain Peverell, Lord of Brunoe, and Standard-bearer to Robert Curtois (eldest son of William the Conqueror), in the Holy Land, waa father of an only child, Albreda, the wife of Sir William Tursbut, of Yorkshire.

William de Harcourt, eldest son of Robert, before mentioned, taking part with Henry I. against his brother Robert Curtois aforesaid, commanded the troops which defeated Walleran de Bcaamont, Earl of Mellent, in the battle near Bonrgtouroude, A. D. 1 123, and for his services was rewarded with large posses- sions in England. He wedded Hue D*Amboise, by whom he had three sons, and two daughters; viz. Robert de Harcourt, Ivo de Harcourt, of both of whom more amply ; Simon de Harcourt,

432 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

wbo married Adeliza, daughter and coheir of 0$bert de Ar^en, of Kingsbury, in Warwickshire, but died without issue j Pcrctta, the wife of John, Lord of HellenvilUerj in France; and Beatrix^ espoused to Robert Basset.

Robert de Harcourt, eldest son of William aforesaid, was Baron of Harcourt, Elboeuf, la Saussay, Beaumesnel, Poligny, Boessey le Chastel, and Reneville ; and ancestor of John de Har- court, Viscount of Chatelleraut, Baron of Elboeuf, Brione, d'An- cot, Mezicres, Tlslebone, Gravensbon, &c. in whose fiivour the barony of Harcourt was, by Philip de Valois, or Philip VI. King of France, erected into an earldom, in March, 1338. He tras also progenitor of the Harcourts, Counts of Harcourt and AuooaDe, and of the Marquisses of Montmorency, 1578, as also of Peter de Harcourt, Baron of Beauvron, Beaufifou, &c. in recompcn'cc of whose services, the Baronies •f la Motte, Mery, Cleville, and Vareville, were, by letters mandatory, J 593, (temp. Henry IV.) erected into a marquisate, called la Mottc Harcourt. From this Peter de Harcourt descended Henry de Harcourt, Marescbal of France, from whom the marquisates of Thury, and la Motte Har- court, were united, and erected into the dukedom of Harcourt, 1700, -and made a peerdom of France, 1709J (temp. Lud. XIV.) Robert de Harcourt was progenitor of these illustrious families, by his wife Joan, daughter of Robert Beaumont, Earl of Mellent, as already taken notice of. By the same Lady he was also an- cestor of the Harcourts, Barons Bonestable and Montgomery, ex- tinct, and of the Harcourts present Barons d*011onde.

Ivo, second son of William de Harcourt and Hue D*Amboi^,

inherited all his father's possessions in England -, and by his

wife, was father of Robert de Harcourt, his successor } John de Harcourt ; and Lucy, the wife of Daunley.

Robert de Harcourt, successor to his father, Ivo, was Sheriff of Warwiokand Leicester, in the years H99, 1201, and 1202, in which last year he departed this life. In the 9th of Richard I. be was acquitted of scutage-money to the King, by writ of the Chi^ justiciar, because his son William did service for him in his Majesty's arroy.^ He was seated, in the right of his wife Isabd^ at Stanton, in Oxfordshire, since that time called Stanton-Har" court. The said Isabel was the only child and heir of Richard de Camville, who was third son of Richard dc Camville, who founded Combe-abbey, in Warwickshire, and was son and heir of Gerar4

^ Ma4«x's Hist, of the Exchequer, p. 458.

EARL HARCOURt. 43<

dtt CflratilTe, Lord of L'tlbourne, near Creek* in Northampton** shire : and Isabel's mother was Mllicent, cousin to King Henry l.*8 second consort^ Adeliza> or Adelicia (daughter to Godfrey I. Duke of Brabant), who gave to the said MiJicent, on her mar- riage with the said Richard Camviile^ the Lordship of Stanton aforesaid, which was confirmed to her, and her heirs, by King Stephen and King Henry IL By this Isabel, the said Robert de Harconrt had four sons and one daughter ; viz.

1. WilHam, his heir.

2. Oliver de Harcourt, who joined Lewis Prince of France, and his party, against King John, but was made prisoner at the battle of Lincoln, A.D. 1217.

3. John de Harcourt, who was seated at Roledge (Rodeley), in Leicestershire, and married Hawis, daughter of Sir Williani Burdet

4. Sir Robert de Harcourt, who married Dionysia, daughter and coheir of Henry Pipard, of Lapworth, iu Warwickshire. And,

Alice; SQCcessively the wife of John de Limesi, and Wallerao de Ncwburg, Earl of Warwick.

William de Harconrt, eldest son of the said Robert and Isabel, was called the Englishman^ to distinguish him from others of the tame name ; and adhered to King John against Lewis Prince of France, and the rebellious Barons, in 12 1;^. He was with Sayer de Qnincfi Earl of Winchester, and others, at the siege of Da- mietta, in Palestine, A.D. 1218) and, next year, was Goyemoi' of Tamworth castle. This William, by appointment of King John, married Alice, eldest of the two daughters and coheirs of Thomas Noel, by his wife, Margaret, eldest of the three daugh- ters of Guy le Strange, of Knockio, and coheirs to their brother Raphe: and the said Thomas Noel was elder brother of Philip Nod, direct ancestor of the late Earls of Gainsborough. With the said Alice, William de Harcourt had the Lordships of Ellen- hall, Seigfafordj Bridgeford, Podmore^ with a moiety of Cutculme^ in Staffordshire, together with Granborough, in Warwickshire. By this said Lady he had two sons, and one daughter; viz. Sir Richard de Harcourt, his successor 5 Sir Henry de Harcourt, who being knighted in 1278, espoused Emma, daughter and beu: of William Maunsel, of Erdington, in Warwickshire, and by her, at his death, A. D. 1293, was father of an only child, Margaret, who was married, first, to John Pipe (the son of Edwqrd Pipe, her mothefs second husband) ; and, secondly, to John de Saua-

TOL. IT. 2 F

434 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

dcrstf d ; and the daughter was Helleo, the wife of Hugh Bigct, Justiciar of England.

Sir RiCHARod de Harconrt^ eldest son and heir of the aforesaid William, Lord of Stanton -Harcourt, EUenhall, &c. married Ora- bella, daughter of Sayer (or Robert, according to the Visitation of Staffordshire, anno 1583), de Quincy, Constable of Scotland, Earl of Winchester, &c. by Margaret his wife, sister and coheir of Robert (Fitz-Parnel), Farl of Leicester, as before narrated. He had the manors of Bosworth, Elstow, or Ailston, Chamwood, ka in com. Leiccst. in marriage with the said Orabella, who bore to him two sons and a daughter; viz. Sir William, his successor; Sayer de Harcourt, who joined Simon Montfort, Earl of Leices- ter, against King Henry III. and being taken at the battle of £vesham, August 6th, 1266, died in confinement and disseised of his lands, the same year; and Maud, the wife of Sir Giles Peac- Bton, Knt. Sir Richard died in 1258, and was succeeded by his eldest son.

Sir William de Harcourt, who in 47 Henry HI. had sum- mons, amongst divers others, to attend at Worcester, sufficiently^ furnished with horse and arms, on Lammas-day, to resist the power of Llewellyn, Prince of Wales, then in arms at the head of his countrymen: and next year, J 264, received command to attend the King at Oxford, in Mid-lent, with horse and arms, there to give him counsel, and to march along with him against the said Llewellyn. However, he afterwards joined Simon Mont- fort, Earl of Leicester, and his partizans, against the said King Henry j but had the benefit of the Dictum de Kenilworth, pro- claimed on October 31st, 1266, after the King recovered his li- berty at the battle of Evesham. Sir William departed this life, A. D. 1278, having married two wives; first, Alice, daughter of Alan la 2^uche, by whom he had two daughters; viz. Margery, wedded to Sir John Cantelupe, without issue; and Orabella, who was wedded to Sir Fulke Pembruggc, and died in 1279; aod# secondly, Hillaria (or Eleanor), daughter of Henry, Lord Hast- ings, by Ada his wife, daughter of David, Earl of Huntingdon, brother to Malcolm IV. and William (denominated the Lioo)^ Kings of Scotland. By this Lady Sir William had an only son and successor.

Sir Richard de Harcourt, Knt. who, in 1293, obtained, from King Edward I. a grant of the fairs and markets at Bosworth. He married Margaret, daughter of Sir John Beke, of Eresby, in Lincolnshire, and sister and coheir of Sir Walter Beke, lineally

EARL HARCOURT. 435

descended from Walter Bee, who had a fair inheritance in Flan- ders ; and, coming to England with William the CJonquerori l>ad a grant from him of the said Eresby, and divers other fair lord- Bbips. This Sir John Beke, of. Eresby, by his last will, dated at Eresby, on Wednesday preceding the feast of St. Margaret (July 20th)^ 1301, bequeathed his body to be baried in the chapel of St. Maurice, within the abbey of Kirstede ; unto which he gave his coat of mail, gauntlets, harness of iron, lance, and target i leaving the rest of his armour to Sir Robert de Willoughby, and Sir John de Harcourt, son of this Sir Richard, who, besides the said Sir John, had also, by Margaret his wife, another son, Ni- cholas, Rector of Sheppey, in Leicestershire, who by a roll of "fines, 4 Edward III. appears to have conveyed to his nephew, Sir Richard, and his wife after -mentioned, the manors of Stanton- Harcourt and Market Bosworth; which he probably held in trust.

Sir John de Harcourt succeeded his father Sir Richard, anno 21 Edward I. and was knighted, at Whitsuntide, with Edward, Prince of Wales, A D. 1306, King Edward I. preparing then for an expedition into Scotland, where this John de Harcourt served, bearing on his banner. Gules, two Bars, Or. He had two wives J first, Ellen, daughter of Eudo la Zouch, of Mellesentree, by whom. he was father of Sir William, his only son, and heir; and, secondly, Alice, daughter of Peter Corbet, of Causcastle, in Shropshire, but by her had no issue. Sir John died in 1330^ and was succeeded by his son.

Sir William Harcourt, who married Jane, daughter of Rich- ard Lord Grey of Codnor j and by her (who, after his decease^ which happened on June 6th, 1349, was, secondly, the wife of Ralph de Ferrers, and died on August igth, J 369), he bad two sons; Sir Richard, and Sir Thomas. Sir Richard Harcourt, the eldest son, who died in the lifetime of bis father, wedded Joan, daughter and heir to Sir William Skareshull, of Skareahull, in Staffordshire, Knt. Lord Chief Justice of England, and by her had an only daughter, Elizabeth, his heir, who was married to Thomas Astley, of Nelston, in Leicestershire (second son of Tho- mas, Lord Astley), from whom the Astlcys of Patishul, in Staf- fordshire, were lineally descended.

Sir Thomas Harcourt, second son, upon the death of his elder brother, without male issue, became heir to bis father Sir Wil- liam, and, in 1366, received the honour of knighthood. Kmg Edward III. next year, granted his general letters of attorney, to

436 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

bold far one year, to this Sir Thomas, going io bii service to Milan, with his son Lionel, Duke of Clarence. Sir Thomas was Knight in Parliament for the county of Oxford, A. D.J376. *^Hc married Maud (or Alice, according to the Mooasticon (or Elea* nor, according to the Visitation of Statfordthire ), daughter to Robert, Lord Grey, of Rothcrfield, and widow of Sir John Bote* tourt, of Woody, Lord Botetourt j and by her was father ci two sonsi and three daughters; viz. Thomas, his heir; Sir Richard Harcourt; Joan, the wife of Thomas Erdington, of £rdington> io Warwickshire} Catherine; and IsabeL

Thomas, the eldest son, succeeded his father on April 12th^ 1417, and departing this life on June 3d, 1460, was buried at Stanton^Harcourt. By his wife Joan, daughter of Sir Robert Prauncis, of Formark, in Derbyshire, he had five sonsi, and two daughters; viz. Sir Robert, his heir; Sir Richard, continoator of the male line; John Harcourt ; William Harcourt, who was steward ^ to George, Dnke of Clarence^ the unfortunate brother to King Edward iV. and, by — — his wife, left Isabel, his sole child and heir, wedded to William Moseley, of Moseley, in Staf- fordshire; George, who died young; as did the two daughters, Alice, and Isabel.

Sir Robert Haroourt> the eldest 8o,n, was Sheriff* of Leicester- shire and Warwickshire in 1 445, and wa& Knight of the Garter in 1463, being present, with other Knights of that most noble order, at a chapter held by the King, at Windsor, on April 22d, that year. He was excused, by the King, from attending a chap* ter on April 29th, next year, being assigned, by his Majesty, for the defence of tiie northern borders, in conjunction with other Kuights of the Garter. In 1467, he was commissioned Miith Richard Nevil, Earl of Warwick '(styled the King^MakerJ, and others, to treat of a peace between King Edward IV. and Lewis XI. of France. This Sir Richard signalized himself in the wars of Henry /VI. and Edward IV. and lost his life in the service of the latter, being sldn by the Stamfords, of the Lancastrian party, on November 14th, 14/0, according to Vincent. He was buried in the church of Stanton-Harcourt, as was hb Lady, where a mo* Dument is erected, exhibiting their figures ; his in ^he habit of the Garter over his armour, with a sword by his side; and on her

c William MotOQ, of Peckletvn, in Lcicest. who died temp. Edward IV. mar- ried Margaret, daughter of -— «• Harecouxt, of Bosworth. Bttrim'i Leic,f, 219. d Dugdale't Warwlciishire, Vol. II. p. 89X.

EARL HARCOURT. 43/

effigies U the Garter, just above the elbow on the left arm, with the motto, Hony soit qui mal y pense. From this, and other authorities, Mr. Anslis has observed, that anciently the Ladies of' the Knights of the Garter had not only the habit of the order, which was sem6e of Garters, but that they had also the ensign of the Garter delivered to them. The said Lady of this renowned Knight was Margaret, daughter of Sir John Byron, of Clayton, in Lancashire J and by her Sir Robert had John Harcourt, his successor, and three younger sons^ Robert, Thomas, and George, who all died without issue.

The said John Harcourt was twenty years of age at the death of his father; and by Anne, his wife, daughter of Sir John Nor- ris, of Bray, in Berkshire, left, at his decease on June 26th, 1485, an only son.

Sir RoBEBT Harcourt, who was Standard-bearer to King Henry VII. ai the battle of Bosworth, August 22d, 1485 3 and, in 1495, made one of the Knights of the Bath, at the creation of Henry Duke of York, that Monarch's second son, and successor. He was, moreover, dubbed Knight-banneret for his gallant behaviour at the battle of Blackheath, against James, Lord Audley, and his Cornish followers, June 22d, 1497. This Sir Robert Harcourt, who lies interred at StantOD-Harcourt, married Agnes, daughter of Thomas Lymerick j and by her had a son, John, who died in his life-time, without issue; and five daughters, who then became his coheirs; viz, Elizabeth, married to Robert Gainsford, of Hampton-Poyle, in com. Oxon. Esq.; Letitia, successively the wife of Humphry Peshal, Esq. and Thomas Nevil, Esq.; Cathe- rine, wedded to Thomas Stoner, Esq.; Ellen, to Richard «Beck-

ingham, of Pudlicot, in Oxfordshire; and to Wiljiam Cope,

©f Hanwell, in the same county, Esq.

Having thus brought down the descendants of Sir Robert Har^ court, eldest sod df Thomas Harcourt, we shall now proceed with those of Sir Richard Harcourt, second son of the said Thomas, eldest son of Sir Thomas Harcourt, and the daughter of Lord Grey of Rotherficid. The said Sir Richard Harcourt died on Oc- tober 1st, 1487, having had three wives; first, Edith, daughter and heir of Thomas St. Clere; secondly, Eleanor, daughter of Sir Roger Lewknor, of Raunton, in Staffordshire, Kpt. ; thirdly, Catherine, daughter of — — , and widow of Sir Miles Stapletou,

• MS. St. George prjci,

4SB PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

By the first be had Sir Christopher Harcoart^ liis hear ; and Anoe, successively wedded to Henry FieoDes^ Lord Say and Sel^ and to John, son of Simon Montfort.

By the second he was father of John Harcourt, of Staunton, who married Margaret, daughter of William Bray^ of Pembridge, in Herefordshire.

And by his third Lady (who died on October 13th, 1489), 1^® had an only son, William Harcourt.

Sir CuRisTOPHBR, the eldest son and heir of Sir Richard, died in 1474, having had issue by his wife, Joan, daughter and heir of Sir Miles Stapleton, aforesaid, three sons ; Richard, who died un- married ; Sir Simon Harcourt, continuator of the line; and Miles Harcourt^ who died unmarried.

The said Sir Simon Harcourt^ second but eldest surviving son, having distinguished himself at the sieges of Terouenne and Tournay, and at the action fought on August 18th, 1513, near Guinegaste (commonly called the battle of spurs), received the honour of knighthood for hb bravery on those occasions. This Sir Simon dying on January l6th, 1547, ^ss interred at Stanton- Harcourt, which reverted to him on the extinction of the male line of Sir Robert Harcourt, elder brother of Sir Richard Har- court, abovementioned. Sir Simon was twice married \ first, to Agnes, daughter of Thomas Darrel, of Scotncy, in Kent j and, secondly, to Elizabeth, daughter of i^, and widow of

Sir Richard York, Knt, By the last he had no issue ; but by the first was father of two sons 5 viz. Sir John Harcourt, his succes- sor; and Edmund Harcourt; as also of a daughter, Florence, mar- ried to Sir John Cotesmore, Knt. of Baldwin Brightwell, Ox- fordshire.

Sir John Harcourt, the eldest son, married Margaret, daogb* tcr, and at length coheir of Sir William Barentyne, of Hasely, in Oxfordshire, and sister to Francis Barentyne 5 and by her had six , sons ', viz.

1. Sir Simon, his heir.

2. Robert, who wedded Elizabeth, daughter of ■ ■> , and widow of ■ Robins, citizen and merchant of London, but had no issue by her, who departed this life, A. D. 1582, and had interment at Chebsey, in Staffordshire.

3. Michael, who married , daughter and heir of— Til*

ney, widow of Grecnway, of Bucks.

4. Edward,' who married Anne, daughter and heir of Thomas

• Yisitation of St^ordshirc, Bucks, and Siurejr,

EARL HARCOURT-

439

Windsor, of.StoKe Foges ip Bucks^ and widow of John Puycfoj, of the same county.

5. Walter. And, 6. Henry.

By the same Lady, Sir John was aho father of eight daughters; 1 , Winifrid, the wife of Anthony Greenway. 2. Jo?in, wedded

to Clark. 3. Catherine, successively the wife of John

Hcrle, of Stanton-Harcourt, in com. Oxoo, and of Sir John Pe- sball,^ of Checkley, in Siaflfordshire, Knt. 4. Ursula, marriol

to Guisnes, of Sussex. 5. Anne, wedded, first, to John

Knevet, of Asbwelthorp, in Norfolk) and, secondly, to William Bowycr, Keeper of the Records. 6. Susan. 7. Elizabeth. An^ 8. Mary, wife of William Tavcrnor, of Wood-Eaton, Oxfordshire, and re-married to Lee Cromwell, of HoUywell, in Oxford.

Sir John, departing this life on February 19th, 1565, had sepul« ture at Sranton-Harcourt; and was succeeded by his eldest son.

Sir Simon Habcourt, who had three wives; first, Mary, daughter of Sir Edward Aston, of Tixhall, in StaflTordshire, Knt. and ancestor of the present Lord Aston of For^ir, in Scotland.

Secondly, Grace, daughter of Humphiy Fitz-Herbert, of Upsal^ in Herefordshire, and widow of William Robinson, of Drayton- Basset, in Scafibrdshire, Esq.^s and.

Thirdly, to Jane, daughter to Sir William Spencer, of Worm- leightoa, in Warwickshire, Knt. (ancestor of the Duke of Marl- borough), and relict of Sir Richard Bruges, of She£ford, in Berk- abire, and Lutgarshall, in Southampton, ICnt. but by this Lady Sir Sinoon had no issue.

By the second he had a daughter, Wilgiforta, married to Wil- liam Leyeton, and

By the first was father of five sons and four daughters j viz.

J. Sir Walter, his heir.

2. John Harcourt, who by hb wife, Mary, daughter of Walter Jones, of Whitney, in Oxfordshire, and widow of Bryan de Coges, had an only child, Essex Harcourt.

3. Robert Harcourt, who purchased the manor of Chebsey, in Stafibrdshire, from Sir Edward Staflford, of Grafton, and died without issue.

4. Edward Harcourt, w^o married Anne, daughter of Rot>ert Colyer, of Carleston, in the county of Stafford.

5. William, who wedded Catharine, daughter of Smith.

f Ex loform. Dpm. J* P«sb«11, Barti. S ** i8th May, 1^63, was married the Right Worshipful Maister Siaaon Hai^ court, of Rauoton, Esq, and the right -worthif ful Qrace Robinson.'* Draytoii Par. Reg. in Shaw's Sta^ordshire, II. p. lo.

44a. PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Jane^ the wife of John Grej, of EiM, in StaffbrdsbirBy pre* decessor to the Earl of StamfcHxli Elizabeth^ married to Richard CbamberlaiD, of Ashley, ia Warwickshire ; Frances; and Maij. ' This Sir Simon, who was knighted by Henry VIII. and served the office of Sheriff for the counties of Oxford and BerkshiFe, died on July 27th, 1577» and was interred at Stanton-Harconrt.

Sir Walter, his eldest son, was knighted by the Earl of Essex at Rome, and possessed Stanton-Harcoort, and Ellen-hall, in Staffordshire, A. D. l604$ at the first of which places he lies bu« ried. He had to wife Dorothy, daughter of William Robinson, of Drayton-Basset, in Staffordshire > and by her was father of two sons.

1 . Robert, his successor. And,

2. Michael Harcourt, Captain of a ship under Sir Walter Ra* leigh.

AlscT of three daughters ; viz. Grace, who died young, on Jane 13th, 1383, and was buried at Ranton; Jane, married to William Essex, of Lamborne, in Berkshire; and Elizabeth, Maid of Ho« nour in i607 to Queen Anne, the Consort of King James I.

Robert, the eldest son and heir of Sir Walter Harcourt (aged nine ye^rs at the time of the Visitiition of' Staffbrdshire, anno 1583)i was the most considerable adventurer with Sir Walter Baleigb, in his voyage to Wiassero, Guyana, &c. in Americas having obtained a patent hom James I. for planting part of Guy« ana. He began his voyage thither in 1609, vith his brother Capt. Michael; and afterwards, in l6l3, published an account of bis voyage, describing the climate, situation, &c. of the placed He bad two wives; first, Elizabeth, daughter of John Fitx-HeBi> bcrt, of Norbury, in Derbyshire, Esq. and, secondly, Frances, daughter of Geffrey Vere, Esq. youngest son of John Earl of Ox* iford, and sister to those renowned warriors. Sir Francis Vere, and Horace Lord Vere of 'tilbury. He had no issue by the first lady | but by the second he was father of

1. Sir Simon Harcourt, his successm^.

2. Francis, who died unmarried.

3. Vere Harcourt, D. D. of whom afterwards. ^ Elizabeth, who died young ; Jane, married to Henry, son of

Sir Giles Wrought on, of Broadhenton, in Wiltshire, Knt.; Doro- thy, wife of Thomas Chetwynd (son of Edward Cbetwynd, D.p« Dean of Bristpl), he died in September l64l ; and Margaret,

^ He embaiked tod loit ^900 K in the expedition } whi^b f#r ^e t^ ntH ^pertiioQf obscured the fsmil/ property.

i

EARL HARCOURT. 441

who was born in 1607, bat died the same year, and was buried at StaDton*Harcourt.

Vere Harcobrt, the third son, D. D. was Archdeacon of Not* tingfaam, and rector of Plumtree in that county^ A.D. iGGO, and prebendary of Lincoln. He died in l683, and was buried in Yoi^ Cathedral; having married Lacy, daughter of Roger l1iomt<Hi, of Snailwell, in Cambridgeshire^ £fcq. and had, by her, Simon Harcoart, his heir, besides another son, and two daughters, who died nnmarried. Simon, the eldest son, and heir, was Clerk of the Crown, and inhtrited Pendley, in Hertfordshire, in right of his wile, Elizabeth, daaghter and heir of Sir Richard Anderson, of Pendley, Bart, and Elizabeth his wife, one of the sisters and coheirs of George Lord Viscount He wit, and Baron of jGrowran, in Ireland. By the said Elizabeth Anderson, who died on March 29th, 1694, and was buried at Aldbury, in Hertfordshire, this Simon had many children, but of them onlj three sons, and three daughters/ lived to the age of maturity; viz. Henry, Rich- ard, Simon, Elizabeth, Margaret, and Arabella ; which last four died unmarried. Richard, the second surviving son, had two wives; first, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Harcourt, Knt. after nEientioned ; and, secondly, — — » daughter of — — Banister. By the last wife, Richard had two daughters 3 Elizabeth^ and Jane ; and by the first he was also fetber of two children : first, Richard Harcourt, of Wigsel, in Sussex, Esq. who by Phebe his wife, daughter of Sir Charles Palmer, of Domey-court, in Buck* ingbamshire, Bart, had two daughters ; viz. Phebe, weddecl to Anthony Sawyer, Esq. ; and Eli^beth ; secondly, Annc^ married to Sir Charies Palmer, of Domey-court. Henry Harcourt, the eldest son of Simon Harcourt, of Pendle)^, aforesaid, succeeded- his £ither on March 30th, 1724 ; and by Frances his wife, only daughter and heir of Nathaniel Bard, Esq. and of his wife Per? fiaoa, daughter and sole heir of Henry Bard, Earl of Belomont, in Ireland, had issue three sons, and eight daughters ; Richard Bard^ his heir; John, who died on August 14th, 1748; Henry Har-n court, rector of Warbleton and Crowhurst, in Sussex ; Elizabeth f Eruestina-Sophia-Charlotte; Looisa-Sophia-Charlotte) Melosina- Sq)bia-Charlotte ji' Anne; Persiana; and Caroline and Sophia, who both died infants. Hepry, the father, dying on November

^ From die menDneattl inscriptioi in Wottoa's English Baronetage. Vol. U, i^ She died in St. James*! Street, 2,qth Tanu;iry, 1782, aged lixty-four.

44a PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

pth, 1741, hnd culture with his Either at Aldbary, abovemeii- tioned; and was succeeded by his eldest son, Ricbard-Bard Har- court, of Penlcy, in Herts, who married Racbel, daughter of Al- bert Nesbit, Esq. and by her has a son^ Henry Harcourt

Having thus traced the descendants of Vere, the third son of Robert Harcourt and Frances Vcre, we shall proceed with Sir Simon^ eldest son and heir of the said Robert, who departed this life on May 2fnh, 1631, aged fifty-seven years.

This Sir Simon Harcoukt signalized himself by feats of armit in which he was initiated against the Spaniards in the Low Countries, where he was Major of the regiment commanded by his heroic uncle. Sir Horace Vere, fiaron of Tilbury, abovementioned; «t whose seat, at Kirby-hail, in Essex, were the pictures of his Lordship s officers, and among them this Sir Simon Harcoort's, who is said to be one of his scholars, in the Epistle to the reader before Sir Francis Feres Commentaries, He was knighted at Whitehall^ on June 26th, 1627^ and Sir John Temple, in his ^ pendix to the History of the Irish RebeUion, p. 52, gives this account of him : ** The \jot6% Justices and Conndl were shut up within the city of Dublin, in a most miserable condition, despe- rately threatened on every side, until the most happy and welaxne arrival of that truly valiant gentleman, and gallant commander, Sir Simon Harcourt, who, being designed governor of the city of Dublin, was dispatched away by special order of Parliament, with his regiment, for the preservation of that place 5 and landed there •n the last day of December, l64l, to the great joy and comfort of all his Majesty's Protestant and wclUaffected subjects, and to the terror of the rebels in arms." Borlace, in his Reduction of Ireland, p. 241, says, he was " a long experienced and excellent officer^ who was worthy the memory of the best Prince, and most grateful people ; who afterwards was, by an especial order, ad- nitted into the Privy-Council.** On his landing at Dublin, as aforesaid, with his regiment (which consisted of 1200 foot), he MS imtnediately invested with the government of that city; and, on. January 10th following, dislodged the enemy firom Swords, a village about six miles distant, and raised the blockade. Of his }ast exploit we have this account: on March 26th, 1643, Sir Simon Harcourt, with a small party, marched out of Dublin to- wards Wicklqw, and finding the rebels possessed of the castle of CarrickMain, but four miles from the city, he sent back for ^wo great guns to batter it 5 but, before they arrived. Sir Simon, m he was viewing the castk, with 200 musketeers^ received a

EAHL HARCOURT. 443

ihot from the garrison, which killed him on the spot. His troops were so enraged that within a few hours after the cannon cams op, having «Dade a breachi and entering the castle^ under the command of Colonel Gibson, the7 put all therein to the sword^ refusing quarter to those rebels who had slain their beloved oolo* Del. Thi« valiant Knight, whose corpse was buried in ■ i

church, at Dul^in, espoused Anne, daughter to William Lord Pagrt J and by her (who was, secondly, married to Sir William Waller, of Osterly-Park, the Parliament s General), he had two ions; Sir Philip, his heir} and Frederick Harcourt^ who died without issue.

Sir Philip, eldest son and heir of Sir Simon Harcourt, received the honour of knighthood, at Whitehall, on June 5th, l660> and was elected Knight for Oxfordshire, to the Parliament which met on March 21st, 1680-1, at the capital of that county. He died in April, 1688, and was buried at Stanton Harcourt.

He had two wives ; first, Anne, daughter of Sir William Wal« ler, of Osterly park, in Middlesex, before-mentioned, by Lady Anne, second daughter of Thomas Finch, Earl of Winchelseai and, secondly, Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Lee^ of Aii« kerwyke, in Buckinghamshire, Esq.

By his first Lady (who died on August 23d, l664, and was buried at Stanton-Harcourt), he had Siau)!!^ afterwards Baron and FiscQunt Harcourt.

And by his second he was father of three sons, and fbu* daugh* ters ; viz. Philip ; John who died in September 1677 1 Lee, wha died in February, 16B0; Isabella, who died in March 1688; Mary, who died in 174^^ and was buried at Stanton-Harooort, as her deceased brothers and sister had been ; Elizabeth, married t# Richard, second son of Simon Harcourt, of Pendley, before-men- tioned ; and Anne, who was wedded to Thomas Powell, of Pern* brokesbire. Esq and, departing this life in 1742, was interred at Stanton-Harcourt.

The aforesaid Philip, eldest son of Sir Philip Harconrt, by bis second wife, Elizabeth Lee, married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Timothy Woodrofife, Esq. and by her had three sons, and two daughters ; viz. Philip Harcourt, of Ankerwyke, Esq. who died without issue, by his wife, Sarah, danghter of Henry Hall, of Hutton-Hall, in Essex, Esq. j Lee Harcourt, who also died with» out issue ; John Harcourt, who espoused Anne^ daughter of «•— ^ Parker Esq;.* Elizabeth 5 and Mary.

I Hcflce perhaps desceods Lieat-Colonel Haicosrt of the X2th Reg. of Foot.

444 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Sir Simon HAmcouir, fiest Vucount, the only ion <if Sir Philip by hb first Lady, bom i660, was educated at Pembroke- college in Oxford^ and studied the law in the liper Temple^ London. He served for Abingdon in all the Parliaments called by King WilUaib from the ye^r l6go, and in the first summoned by Queen Anne. He was one of the Members for Bossiney, in the l^arliannent which was convened in 1 705, and met again on October 23d, 1 707, as the first Parliament of Great Britain j and for the town of Cardigan, in that which assembled on November l6ih, 17O8. He was elected again in 1710, for Abingdon, c^ which he was also Recorder; but was appointed Lord Keeper be-> fbre the Parliament met. On June 2d, 1702, he was knighted, and constituted Solicitor-General to the Queen at the same time. Attending her Majesty, in August that year, to Oxford, when she honoured the University with her presence, he was, among other persons of-distinction, in her Majesty's retinue, created Doctor of Laws, on the 27th of that month. On April 23d, 1707, he was advanced to the place of Attorney-general, which he sustained with great dignity, but quitted it with greater, on February 12th ensuing, by a voluntary resignation, then made and enrolled; the only instance of that nature on our records. On the change of the ministry, he was restored to that important employment, Sep- tember 18th, 1 7 10 1 on October 18th, the same year, he was ap« pointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal ; and next day pominated one of the Privy-Council. On September 3d, 1711, he was created a Peer of Great Briiain, by the style and title of Babon OF Stanton-Harcoubt, id Oxfordshire : and as the preamble to the patent sets forth, without hyperbole^ his Lordship's eminent abilities, we here insert a copy of it :

'' There is nothing wherein we more willmgly exercise that loyal authority which God has entrusted us with, than by re- warding true merit and virtue, and advancing to all suitable dig* Dtty men who have merited weU of us, and whose ancestors have been remarkably famous in their generation. Among these, none 4s more coospicuons than oor well-beloved and very faithfol Counsellor Sir Siooon Harcourt, Knt. Keeper of our Great Sealf A Gentleman recommended to us by a lotog descent of progenitor! of very ample fortunes, and renowned for their warlike actiona ever fince the Norman times ; one of whom, for his bravery sig* palized under the standard of Edward IV. was made Knight qf Ihe Qarter ; anothpr^ fighting courageously against the Irish pet

EARL HARCOURT. 445

hth, lo Che cause of big royal master King Charles, the best of Frinoes* was the first Englishman that fell a sacrifice to their fdry . Nor is there one of all that race, descended from such noble ancestors, who has not been eminent for his love to his country, and loyalty to his Prince. He suffered, indeed, in. his paternal inheritance, which was diminished by the fury of the civil wars, but not in his glory, which, being acquired by military valour, he, as a lawyer, has advanced by the force of his wit and eloquence 5 for we have understood, that his faculty in speaking is so full of variety, that many doubt whether he is fitter to ma- nage causes in the lower court, or to speak before a full Parlia- ment ; but it is unanimously confessed by all, that among the lawyers he is the most eloquent orator, and among the orators the most able lawyers. To this praise of his eloquence, he has added those domestick virtues, magnanimity and fidelity ; supported by which, he has resolutely persevered in maintaining the cause he had undertaken, and in despising danger ; and has kept the en- gagement of friendship, whether in prosperity or adversity^ sacred and inviolable. Whom therefore, furnished with such great en- dowments of m'md, all clients have wished to defend their causes; not without reason we preferred to be one of our ceunsel at law ; whom we a second time called to be our Attorney-general, which office he had once before sustained with honour, as &r as it was thought convenient -, whom lastly) since we perceived that all these things were inferior to the largeness of his capacity, we have advanced ta the highest pitch of forensical dignity, and made htm supreme Judge in our court of equity. He still continues to deserve higher of us^ and of all good meni and is so much a brighter ornament to his province, as it is more honourable than the rest he has gone through : he daily dispatches the multitude of suits in Cliancery, he removes the obstacles which delay judg- ment in that court, and takes special care that the successful issue of an honest cause should cost every plaintiff as little as may be. Which things, as they are very grateful to m, honourable to him- self, and beneficial to the commonwealth, i^e think them deserv- ing of higher reward. Therefore, that the most upright asserter of justice may not be without a vote in the most supreme court; that he, who can think and speak so excellently well, should not be silent in an assembly of the eloquent, we grant him a place among the Peers, and that he may add some splendor to that or- der^ from which both he and his posterity will deserve so much:

44« PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

and that the same seat, which is known at this time, and has been for above six hundred years, by the nanse and patrimony of Har« court, be honoured with that title, which we now confer^ and will continue (if God permit), firom generation to generatioD.. Now know ye, &c."

On April 7th, 17l^> he was declared Lokd High Chancellor of Great Briuin $ and, being in that office at the demise of Queen Anne, was one of the Lords of the Regency, till the arrival of King George L Sept. 18th i four days after which the Great Seal was delivered to Lord Cowper. However, oo July 24tb, 1721, hit Majesty was pleased to advance him to the dignity of Viscoumt Harcourt; and on August 23th, next year, to call him to the council-board. Besides, be was so much it^ favour, that he was nominated one of the Lords Justices in 1723, 1725, and 1727, during his Majesty's absence in visiting his German dominions } but departed this lif^ on July 29th, the last of the said years, aged sixty-seven, and* had sepulture at Stanton-Harcourt."^

His Lordship had three wives; first, Rebecca, daughter of Thomas Clark, Esq.; secondly, Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Spencer, of the county of Derby, Esq. and widow of Richard Anderson, Esq. second son of Sir Richard Anderson, of Pendley, Bart, befbrementioned ; and, thirdly, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas Vernon, of Twickenham-Park, io Middlesex, and relict of Sir John Walter, of Saresden, in Oxfordshire, Bart. His Lord^ ship had no issue by his two last ladies; but by the £nt he was Either of three sons ; viz. Simon, of whom more fully ; Philip and Walter, who both died in their infancy ; and abo of two daughters ; viz. Anne, wedded to John Barlow, of Slebeck, in Pembrokeshire, Esq. and died in November 1 733 ; and Arabella, to Herbert Aubrey, of Cley-Hanger, in the county of Hereford^ Esq.

Hb Lordship's eldest son, the Hon. Smoir Harcourt, was returned for the boroughs of Aylesbury and Wallingford to the Parliaments, which n^et in 171O and 1713, and were the two last called by Queen Anne. He married Elizabeth, daughter of John Evelyn, Esq.^and sbtertoSir-John Evelyn, of Wottoo^ in Scirry>

» Lord Harcoaii*t political princlplet roty be known by his adbefenct to Haiw ley ; but Walpole won him over before his death. Oar^uttorUna hmvc not kft any very prominent traits of him. One is pleased, however, to see the heir of a most ancient family that exalt himself by his own exertions.

EARL HARCOURT. 44f

Birt. and by that I-ady, who departed this life on April 6th, 176O, and was buried at Santon-Harcourt, he had one son,

Simon, late Earl Harcourt ; and three daughters ; viz.

Elizabeth, who died unmarried, September 28th, 1765, and was buried at Stanton- Harcourt | Anne, who died young; Martha, wedded to George Vcnables Vernon, of Sadbury, in Derbyshire, afterwards created Lord Vernon j and Mary, who died an in- fant.

He departed this life in the year 172O, at Paris, whence his corpse was brought to England, and buried at Stanton-Harcourt, where a monument is erected to his memory, with the following inscription by the celebrated Mr. Pope :

'* To this sad shrino, whoe'eV thou art ! draw near! Here lies the friend most lov*d, the son most dear: Who ne'er knew joy, but friendship might divide. Or gave his father grief, but when he dy'd. How vain is reason, eloquence how weak I If Pops must tell what HARCOURT cannot speak. Oh let thy once-lov'd friend inscribe thy stone. And with a father's sorrow mix his own !"

Simon, Baron and Viscount Harcourt, surviving his said son, Ivas succeeded by his grandson,

Simon, first Earl, whom his late Majesty, on December 1st, 17^» was pleased to dignify further with the titles of Viscount Harcourt, of Nuneham- Courtney, and Earl Harcourj, of Stanton-Harcourt. His Lordship was the twenty-seventh in paternal descent from Bernard, his great ancestor, from whom so many noble and illustrious families, besides his Lordship's, are descended; and the twenty- first from Ivo, patriarch of the Har- coufts of England. In May, 1735, he was appointed a Lord of the Bedchamber to the late King ; and attended his Majesty at the battle of Dettingen, June 27th, 1743. On the breaking out of the rebellion in 1745, his Lordship- was one of the thirteen Peers, who were commissioned to raise a regiment of foot, each, for the defence of the government. In 1751, he was constituted Governor to his present Majesty, then Prince of Wales 5 and on April 30th, that same year, was sworn of the Privy-Council : but in 1762 resigned the office of Governor to his Royal Highness; upon whose accession to the throne on October 25tb^ 17^> ^^

448 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Lordship Wa0 continued at the 6ouncU-i>oard. After bis Majesty/ on July Stb, 1761, had declared his resolution to demand xht Princess Charlotte of Mccklenburgh Strclitz in oiarriage^ he nominated Earl Harcour^ his Ambassador Extraordinary and Ple- nipotentiary for that purpose : and his Lordship arriving at the court of Strelitz> concluded and signed, on August 15th^ a treaty of marriage between bis Britannick Majesty and the said Princess, whom his Lordship attended to England ; having been on Septem- ber 5th, during his absence, declared Master of the Hurse to her Majesty, in which office he continued, until be was, oti April 21st, 1763, constituted Lord Chamberlain of the Household to^ her Majesty. On November 4th, 1/68, hb Majesty in Council was pleased to appoint his Lordship Ambassador to the Court of France, from which embassy his Lordship returned in August following. On November gth, 1769, his Lordship was declared Lieutenant-general, and General Governor of the kingdom OP Ireland, and landing at Dublin on the 30th of the same month, was sworn into that high office, in which he continued till the year 1/77. His Lordship was general in the army, a Fel- low of the Royal Society, and one of the Vice-presidents of the Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manu^tures, and Com^ merce.

His Lordship, in October^ 1735, married Rebecca, sole daugh- ter and heir of Charles Le Bass, of Pipwell-abbey, in Northamp- tonshire, Esq. by his wife, Mary, daughter and coheir of Sir Samuel Moyer, of Pilsey-hall, in Essex, Bart, and by her Lady« ship (who died on January l6th, 17^5, and was interred at Stanton-Harcourt), bad issue, two sons, and two daughters; viz.

1 . George-Simon, his successor.

2. the Hon. William Harcourt, now Earl Harcourt.

9. Lady Flizabetb, who was boro on January 18lh, IJ^^-g, was one of the ten young Ladies, daughters of Dukes and Earls^ who supported the train of Queen Charlotte, at her nuptials, on September 8th, 1761 ; and on June 20tb, 1763^ married the late Sir William Lee, of Hartwell, in Bucks, Bart, who died July 6tb, 1799, leaving issue the late Sir William Lee, who died Lieut* Colonel of the 25th Light Dragoons at Madras, 1801; and tho present Rev. Sir George Lee, of Hartwell.

And, 4. Lady Anne, born 1741, wbo died young, iq 174G, and was buried at Stanton-Harcourt.

EAHL HAHCOURT. 449

His Lordship was accidentally drowned in an c3d weH in hit park ^t Nunebam^ on September lOtb^ 1777 i occauoned, as H is imagkiedy l^ his over-reachiog himself in order to save the life 4>f a faroarite dog, who was found in the well by him, standing CD his Lordship's feet.^ He was buried the 24th, at Stanton- Harconrt

Gboxob-Sihov, sBceiffB Easl Hascovit^ his eldest son and successor, was bom Aogust 1st, 1736, and at the general election, 176J, was returned one of the Members for the borough of St. AltiaDs,

His Lordship was married at Noneham, September 26th, 1 765, to Elizabeth, daughter of George Veaables Vernon, Lord Vernon, but has no issue. His Lordship died April 20(h, I8O9, ^t* 73.

" This Nobleman ought not to pass to the sepulchre of his ancestors without that tribute which Truth owes to superior Vir« tne. Earl Harcourt possessed a very cultivated understanding. His mind was stored widi no common portion of general know- ledge, and the whole was reiioed by an exquisite taste. No man ever felt an higher sense of honour ^ no man ever acM from stronger impressions of moral duty, both as it regards the com- noD offices of social life, or as it is enlarged and purified by the •pint of that Religion which he seriouriy professed. No man reflected more on the part he was called upon to perform in the world, or acted with greater rectitude on the principles which he had adopted. A natural love of tranquillity, a taste for the Fine Arts and the more flowery paths of Literature, to which not only the circumstances oi his early life, but the bent of his genius may have disposed him, and a constitution which never appeared to be calculated to encounter the fatigues of public business, might have combined to prevent his being engaged in any of the active departments ef the State. The embassy to Spain, during the Marquis of Laasdown's Administration^ was pressed upon him ; and he declined it. The office of Master of the Horse to her Majesty was, we have equal reason to believe, conferred upoa hsm, as a mark of personal regard, by the King ; and he enjoyed it to the close of his life. Hence it is that this Nobleman was only known in the great circle cf£ tl^e world by an appearance fuited to his rmk and office, the distinguished urbanity of his Bianneri, mid as a lover and admirable judge of the Fme Arts, ia

• AiUL Reg. 1777» Deaths, 2S9« VOL. IT. 2 6

450 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

vfaicb, as far as he chose to iodalge himielf, be may be said to have excelled. Whether it was a mere juvenile cafnice, whidi had possessed him during his foreign travels* or whether he wat influenced by his descent from an aodent and distinguished £i- mily among the Peers of France, It is not necessary to conuder; but his entrance into public life was marked by such a decided preference to French manners and fashions, and his appearaoce ao adapted to it, as almost to disguise the exterior of an Ei^'sh-r ipap. But this whimsii^l propensity did not a/Fect hb mind, or gallidse his character; nor did he render it offensive to others^ He iadulged his fancy) and when his intimate friends made it an object of tlieir sportive sallies, he would enliven them by his own good humour, and turn aside any pleasant ridicule by the display «f his own amiable temper. If, hpwever, he had one feshionable folly, he had no iasbiooable vice ; and. his leisure hours wao passed in the pursuits and embellishments of science. It was, we believe, at this period that he produced the Set of Etchii^s, which are highly estimated by the Collectors in that branch of Art, and which the late Lord Orford mentions in bis Works as a very beautiful specimen of it. The French fancy, however, wore away, and was lost in the easy affability of the accomplished English gentleman. — Lord Harcourt considered good breeding as the first of the minor virtues, and never deviated from it; but^ as his notion of it partook rather de la vieUle cour, he nught be represented by those who only knew him in the public ciides as an inflexible observer of every rule of courtly etiquette; and e^ie- cially at a time when the manners and appearance of our young men of fashion and fortune are scarcely superior to those d[ their grooms, ^and very often inferior to that of their valets and butlers. But he had no unbecoming pride; his behaviour never oiverawed the poor, nor did it trench upoa the ease of' familiar association. His punctilios were those of a refined smd dignified benevolence, and never served but as a check to those indecoruou which'are ever held to be inadmissible in the sphere of pdished life. He might think, as many men of superior under^aoding have done, that, on certain occasions, it is the duty of rank and atation tp preserve certain forms, and to dress behaviour with somewhat pf appropriate ceremony : and it may be owiqg^ in- some degree, tp the neglect of those forms, which at present prp* ▼ails in rank and station, that a respect for the higher orders has so materially diminished among the inferior classes of the people^

EARL HAKCOtJRT. 451

Bat, in hU fsLtmlj, among bis private fiiend^^ in his intercourse with his tenants, and in all his ordinary avocations, his carriage was such as to give pleasure to all who had commnuicatioa with him. With bis nx>re ennobling qualities be possessed a comic elegance of thought, and a classical facetiousness, which rendered bis pri- vate society infinitely pleasant ; and even in bis neiVous »»>-> ipents, for be was occasionally troubled with them, be would describe btmself in such a way as not only to relieve the distress of bis friends, but force that bilarity upon theni which would operate also as a temporary relief to himself. At Nunebam, in Oxfordshire, bis country residence, and whose native beauties his taste bad so embdlisbed and improved, as to render it one of the most admired places In that part of the kingdom, he was a bless- ing to all who lived within the spbere of bis protection ; while to the netghbourbood it is well known that the village of Nune* bam is so ordered, by the regulations he' framed, by the encoo* rageipents be afRnrded, by the little festivals be established, and the rewards be distributed, as tp display a scene of good order, active industry, moral duty, and bumble piety, of wbich it were to be wished there were more examples: though, while we offer tbis testimony to the merits of the dead, it would ill become us Co pass by those of the living ; and we must mention, that Lady Harcourt has ever bad her full share in that constant exercise of public and private benevolence wbich gives a benign lustre to the most splendid station. To these qualities may be added his capa- city fOT friendship 5 not can we pass unnoticed a very signal ex- ample of it, in the asylum he afforded to the Duke d'Harcourt ^d his family, when the French Revolution drove them from the proud situation, the exalted rank, and extensive property, whicb they possessed in their own country, to a state of depend* ence in this. Indeed to all, whatever their condition might be, wJk) bad shewn him kindness^ or done biro service, bis friendship was appropriately directed. Mr. Whitehead the Poet-la urea t, and Mr. Mason the poet, wete among those whom he distin- guished by his early regard, and it accompanied them to the end o( their lives ; nor did it quit them there : iu certain sp«ts in his beautiful garden at Nuneham, which they respectively preferred, the urn and the tablet commemorate and record their virtues. The old and faithful domestics who died in his service, are not yrithout their memorials $ and in tlie parochial church-yard, the. grave of an ancient gardener is distinguished by the flowers which

492 P££IIA6E OF ENGLAND*

ftre coltirated around it. Th^e may be nad to be Gtde tbiagf^ but they nevertbeleas mariE the character of that heart which foggested them. It is ahnoM saperflaoms to add, that in tfao nearer and dearer rdatieoi of life, he exf rcised the Tirtnea which thejr required of him. Above all. Earl Harcoort was a sinoeie Christian; and it pleated that Being, who measures our da3rs and yean at his pleasore, to tofier him to attain an age beyond the conmion allotment of man. In his serenty-third year he doaed bis Tcnerable life« Soch is the imperfect tribute which Afiectioa dfos to departed ExceUeoce^and it is otfered with tears and with tmth.**

His Lordship was socceeded by his only brother, William* TBiBD and PBBSBHT Eabl HAKCOuaT, bom March 20tb, 1742-3^ who embracing a military life, distingnisbed himself in the Ame* rican War as Colonel of the 1 6th Regiment of Light Dragoons; was appointed a Major General, November 12th, 1782; a Lieo- teoant-General, October I2tb, 1793 ; and a General, January Ist^ 1798. In 1779, ^ ^"^a> app<Hnted to the command of the l6th Light Dragoons, in the room of General Burgoyne, having been previously LteutedantrColonel of the 18th Dragoons. In the ex« podidon to the Continent 1794, he had the command of the Ca« ▼airy. On the establishment of the Military Cc^ge at ifigh Wycombe and Marlow, he was appointed Governor; and sqc« oeeded his brother in the office of Master of the Horse to the Queen.

His Lordship married, in September 1778, Mrs. Lockhart, i&« lict of Thomas Lockbart, of Ciaig-Hoose, in Scotland, Esq. and oldest daughter of the Rev, William Danby, of Famley, co. Tork« D. D« but has no issuer

TiiUi. William Harcoort,^ Earl and Viscount Harcourt, Vii* count of Nuneham-Coqtoey, atid Baron Harcourt of Stanl)oo« flarooiurt.

Crtatimu. Baron Harooqrt of Stanton-Harcourt, in com* Oioo. September 3d, 1711, 10 Queen Anne; and Viscount of the same, July 24th, 1721, 7 George L ; and Viscount of None. ham-Courtney, in com. Oxoo. and Sari Harcoort^ December 1st, 1749, 2dGeoigeU.

• No. 63^5, Had. M.S. in Mt. IfusMn, is » brfe coUt^doa of losttipteit 1^ efthiifamJlf. ^

fiARL HARCOURT* 45S

Arms. Guits, two ban. Or.

Cresi. In a ducal coronet^ Or^ a peacock cloie> proper,

Supporiers. Two hrn^. Ox, each gorg^ with a bar gemelt Gules.

Moiio. Lx Boh Tbmps ViBNDaA.

ChirfSeais. AtStanton-Haroourt, aadat Niuiefaain<^CoartDe]% in the oomitj qf Qijfard*

454 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

NORTH EARL OF GUILFORD.

This family is descended from Robert North^ Esq. wbode* parted this life in 10 Edward IV. leaving issue, by Alice bis wife, daughter to John Harcourt, of Oxfordshire,

•Thomas North, Esq. of Walkringham, in Nottinghamshire j and a daughter, Ellen, wife of John Parker,** of Norton Lees, in com. Derb. The said Thomas North, of Walkringham, bad issue

Roger North, Esq. who died 10 King Henry VIL leaving two sons,

1. Thomas, ancestor to the Norths of Walkringham.

And, 2. Rdger North,<^ who had issue, by Christian bis wife, daughter of Richard Warcup, of Sconington, near Appleby, in Kent (and widow of Ralph Warren), one son, Edward, and two daughters 5 Joan, wife of William Wilkiuson, of London, Alder- man 5 and Alice, of Thomas Burnet, Auditor of the Exchequer. The said Roger North died anno 1509, and was succeeded by his only son and heir,

Edward North, first Lord North, bom about the ^year I4g6, and trained up in the study of the laws 5 in which he made io fair a progress, that bef came to be of council for the city of London.

In 22 Henry VIII. he,' with Sir Brian Tuke, Knt. were con- stituted Clerks of the Parliamenti an office of much more respect

• L'.lly*s Ped. of Nob. M.S. p. 876, penes John Comes Egmont.

b Said to be ancestor of the Earls of Macclesfield.

c Brought up to merchandise.

* Lift of Ed w. Lord North, p. 4, e Ibid, p 6.

» Fat. 32 Henry VIII. p. 3.

£ARL OF GUILFORD. 453

than ix)W it is, being afterwards enjoyed by Sir Waiiarti higet^ then secretary of state, and so it came to Sir John Maion and others. About, the same time he married his first wife, who, having had two husbands, btonght him such an increase, as, not long af^, he purchased his manor cff KirtUng. In 1536i 28 Heoiy VIII.s he became one of the King's Seijeaats at law, be- ing so styled bf the King in a grant then made to him : and on the surrender of his office of clerk of the Parliament, in 32 Henry VilT. was made Treasurer ^ of the court of augmentations^ an office newly erected on the dissolution of monasteries. In 33 Heniy VIII. he was a Knight,^ and elected one of the represen* tatires for the county of Cambridge. In 36 Henry VIII. he was Chancellor^ of the court of augmentations, jointly > with Sir Rich^ aid Rich ; and within a few months following, sole Chancellor of that court, by rosignation of the said Sir Richard Rich. He ^EJoyedi alone, that office above four years j and might have made a greater addition to his fortune than what he left, had he not been a person of very great integrity. In 37 Henry VIII. he was in commission °> with the Bishops of Westminster, Worces« ter, and Chichester, to see that the Dean and Chapter of the aeveral cathedral churches of Canterbury, Rochester, Westminster, Winchester, Brc then lately founded and erected, should distri- bute, annually each, a certain sum of money in alms among poor householders, and fbr the repair of the highways; which, by their several statutes and ordinances, they were obliged to per- form. He was"» then made a Privy-counsellor, and had frequent grants of land firom the King, as a testimony of bis favour, and c£ the good services done him : but, as it was usual in that King to throw down those he had raised, he was watchful not to offend him. However, one morning there came a messenger from the King to him, to command his immediate repair to court. He then resided at the Charter-house, and one of his servants, an at<* tendant in his bed-chamber, when the message was delivered, observed his master to tremble at it $ but Sir Edward made the utmost haste to wait on the King, and took with him his said servant. On his admittance, he found the King was walking, and continued doing so with great earnestness, looking at him with an angry eye, which was received with a very still and sober

t ViU ejos, p. 7. h Ptt. 32 Henry VIII. p. 3,

J Notit. Pari. Vol. I. p. 14^. ^ Pat. 36 Henry VIH. p. zt, in dors.

' ViU ejus, p. S. » Rymer, T. XV. p. 77.

>« Vita ejot, p. lo.

456 PEERAGE OF ENGLANIX

earriage. At last the King bcoke cot In th«e vm&$ : tf^ «iv informed you have cheoied us of c^aimloMds in MiddUiw Aod receiving no other than a plain and hnrable negatioii } the Kiog^ after some little pause, replied. How was it then, did wt give tAose lands to your Wheseunt^ Sir Edwaid aatweMd. Yes, Sir, your Majesty was pleased so to do\ The King on this^ after a small pause, put on a milder conntenance, and, calling him to a cupboard, conferred privately with bim a long time} wheieby iui said servant (as Dudley, the socond Lord North, was informed) saw the King could not spare his master's service as yel: but whether the cause lay in the King's occasions, or in his humble behaviour and answers, must be left to the judidaus to determine* Ever after that, he was in high esteem with King Henry VIIT* and among divers of the nobdlity and others whom he most trusted (being upon his death-bed), he^ was constituited one of his exe* outers, as also appointed to^ be of council to hit son and 8ocasaor> King Edward VI. and had a legacy in his will of 300k

On Kbg Edward's accession to the crown, he was agaimdeded one P of the Knights of the shire for the county of Cambridga in the parliament then called -, in which an act being passed lot the alteration of religion, and a Communion-book printed ia English, he was one of the privy-council who signed the ktteri. missive, dated March Uth, to be i sent to the several Bishops in England for the use of it, to commence at Easter following. Ha continued of the privy-council all King Edward's reign, and was chosen ' again Knight of the shire for Cambridge, in the seeond and last parliament called by that King, being q>ecial]y ■ recom- mended by his letters to the Sheriff of that county. When by the Duke of Northumberland's practices the Lady Jane Grey waa proclainied Queen, he was ^one of the council who ugned that letter sent to the Lady Mary, afterwards Queen, wherein they acknowledge the Lady Jane to be their lawful sovereign. But this was no hindrance to Queen Mary's &voor, having otheiwiaa manifested himself a faithful subject j so that,^ on her acoessioa,^ he was of her privy-council 5 and on February 17th, 1553-4, in the first year of her reign, in consideration of his great meriu and abilities, he was advanced to the dignity of a Baaov tf this realm by 'summons to parliament, and took his place in the

• Rymer, T. XV. p. 114. P Nodt. ParL pued.

% SCrype's Memorials, Vol IL p. 6%* ' Notit. Pari. prsd.

• Scrype, prsd. p. ^5^ t UoUbibcd, p. lol^.

^ Vita.eju«, p. zz» * Journal of P|ri«

EARL OF QlfJLgOVD: 45/

haaae of Fbers on April ytk. The year fotlowbg, be ^wriited oa FhiBp Prince of Spain, on his landing at Southampton on JvAy igtb, and acoompanied him to Winchester, where his marriage with the Queen was solemnised.

After wfaicht on December 18th, 1558, 1 £lfz. he was 'con- stitated one of the Lords Commis^oners to consider and allow of the claims which those shoold make, who were to perform aojr serFice, by tenure, on the day of that €tueen*s coronation j and was* constituted Lord Ueutenant of Cambridgeshire, and the Isle of Ely; which was confirmed to him by another patent ia the second year of her reign. And by his ^ testament, bearing date on Mareh 20th, 1563-4, bequeathed his body to be buried at Kirtlmg (nowfcalled CatlageJ, in com. Cantab, gare to his soa and heir. Sir Roger North, Elnt. his parliament robes, beseeching God to bless him, and giye him his grace truly and fairhfulty to serve the Ghieeo, and thb realm, and to beware of pride and pro- digal expenses. He wtas < so fearful of both his sons untbrif tineas, that he entailed his estate, to prevent alienations, as strongly as the law of those times would bear, with a remainder to his kin- dred of Walkriogham.

He married to his first wife, ' Alice, daughter of Oliver Squyer, of Southby, near Portsmouth, in com. Southamp. widow df £d* ward Myrfiyn, of London,^ son to jBir John Myrfiyn, Knt. and alderman of that dty, and also the relict of John Brigadine, of Southampton, with whom he had a considerable fortune; and who died, leaving issue by him two daughters and two sons.

1. Sir Roger North, Unt. And,

2. Sir Thomas North, Knt. This Sif Thomas was a learned man, and studied at Lincoln*s Inn in the reign of Queen Mary. He translated into £nglish, Guevara*s Horologium Princtpurm and Pluiarch's Lives, 1 579-— 1595,^ &c. &c. long a popular book«

He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter to Colwell, and relict

of Robert Rich : but she dying without issue, he married, se- condly, the widow of Bridgewater, Doctor of the civil law,

and by her had issue Edward North, who married Elizabeth^ daughter of "Thomas Wren, of Hadnam, in the Isle of Ely.

His Lordship's two daughters were. Christian, married to Wil-

7 HoUSngthed, p. 11x8.. * Pit. i Elis. p. 4, in dors.

• Vita, p. 34. k llorrisoo, qo. 7. « Viu, p. 31.

d Viti, p. 3z.

« Hit ion died 1553.^

^ Tanner^t Bibloth. 549.

45a PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

liini, third Earl of WorcMerj and lbaj,toHauj, Lord Scroope^ ofBoUoD.

He had to his second wife, Margaret, daughter to Ricliard Bnt^ ler, of London, widow of Sir David Brooke, Knt Loid Chief Baron of the Exchequer^ who sorvived hinit and had sepoUiire in the dumcel of St. Lawrence Joiy, London, where on her tomh is this epitaph :

tLokere the Laiif Margaret North

hn tomb and earth d»th fye; Of huskmds four the faitf^l spouse,

whose fame shall never dye. One JnArew Framnces was the first,

the second Robert hight, Swmamed Chartsey, JUermoH}

Sr David Brooke, a Knight, Was third. BiU he that passed all,

and was in number fourth^ And for his virtue made a Lord,

was call 'd Sir Edward North. These altogether do I wish

a joyful rising day: That of the Lord, and of his Christ,

all howmr they may say. Obiit 2 die JunU, An. Dom. 15JS.

The said Edward Lord North,*" departed this life, at his heatf called the Charter-honse, in the suburbs of London, on Snndaf, December 31st, anno 1564^ and was buried in a vault under the chancel at Catlage, on the south side, which he had caused to be made for that purpose, where is this memorial on a fnoDomcBt of black marble:

Serva Fidem, Edvardum finxit Northum natura teatum,

addidit et Magnas gracia Regis opes.

providus et sapiens claros suscepit honores,

et tamen in tanto comis honore fuit.

qua natura dedit, qtue gracia prinapis auxii,

* omnia mors und sustulit atra die*

Z Stowe's Sonrey of London, p. 28^« ^ I. 13. Offic Am. f. 58. t.

EARL OF GUILFORD- 4S§

qui obiit ultimo Decemhris *

jinno Domini 1564,

MabuU JUios Rogerum nunc Dominum North, et Thomam, s JUias vero Christianam et Mariam, quorum altera Willi CamiHs Wlgonu^ uxor^ altera Henrico dno Scroop nupta.

*' By- bis picture/ whereof there is yet a copy*' remainiag, ho appears to have been a person of a moderate stature, somewhat inclined to corpulency^ and a reddish hair. As to his character, it can only appear frooo what has been said of him ; and bis let- ters shew he rather affected the delivery of a full and clear sense, than any curiosity of style or expiesmoo. The bravery of hit mind may be best judged of, by his delight to live in aii equipage xather above than under hb condition and degree i and by hit magnificence in buildings, which were very noble for materiab and workmanship^ as may appear by the two houses he set up at KirtUng^ zuA Charter-house. His piety, charity, and love of learning, is evident from his bestowing the parsonage of Burweli on the University of Cambridge; as also the vicarage of BurwdL And to Peter-house, the ancientest college of that University, at a token of his gratitude for what he gathered there in the way of learning, the parsonage of Ellington. He provided chapels in such houses he built, which shews a desire in him of an assiduity jn the service of God by himself and family ) vhich care of pro- viding peculiar places for divine service, within ^unilies, was too much neglected in the following age, as may be witnessed by many great and stately houses then built. He also built a chapel for the interment of his posterity, adjoining to the south part <^ the chancel in Kirtling church i for, though the main superstftlon was expired, yet burials in those days were attended with the porfimnance of much religious duty.*'

I Viu, p. 33, 34, 3^. ^ There is one at Peter-house (to which he was a considerable benefactor), la tke uniTersji J of Cambridge, with this distich under it :

NobiKs hie vere fuerat, si nobilis uilus, Qui sibt principium nobiliutis erat. Thus in Eoglish i

Thii man vras noble, if so any be,

For he began his own nobility. See this picture engraved, though badly, in Hirding*s Biog. Mirror. III. 41.

1 It has been lately taken down. See a print of it, with an account, in T^f^ gr0pJttcd MhftBmnitt Lood. 1791, 410, No. IV.

480 PEEKA6E OF ENGLAND.

On the inquistdoQ * taken od April Q6A, 1505, the jarjr fcfitad that he died seiaied of divers manori aod lands in the coantiea of MIddleKz, Smnsf, Cambridge, and Sofiblk, to aU which Sir Ko* ger North was fbond to be heir, aa hu aon, and of the age at thirf7-fi?e yean s who had iaaoe John North, hisaon and heiri and Henry, aecood son.

Hia ddest aoo, the said Sir Koosa Noetb, aacowD Loas NoETB, aucoeeding him in hia hononr, had aonuBena ^ to parlia^ floent in 8 £liz. and took hia plaoe there aooordiaglj. He had been ''elected, in 2 and a Philip and Mary, one of the Knif^ of the ahire for the coonty of Cambridge; and having, on Queen Elizabeth's accesrion to the throne,? received the honoor ef knighthood, waa again <> elected one of the Knighta for that coonty in her first and aeoond parliamenu/ In g Eiis.* be ae» companied the Eari of Snaaex, with the Order of the Garter, to Maximilian the En^eror, then at Vienoa; And in 15 EHx.^ waa one of the Veen who then aat on the trial of Thomaa, Duke of Norfolk. In 21 £laz. the Qoeen honoured him with a visit, at hia seat in Cambridgeahiie, where ahe waa entertained (as Hel* Unshed rektes)," not in the least behind any of the best for a frank honse, a noble heart, and a well-ordered entertaininent In 28 Eliz. having accompanied the Earl of Leicester, General of the f<Nces sent to the assistance of the States, he' was, for hii valour, made a Knight Banneret, and gained reputation in the wars in the Netherlands. In the engagement before Zutpfaen, September 22d, 1586, he behaved with the greatest bravery; as appears by the Eari of Leicester's letter to Sir Thomas Heneage, relating the hasardous enterprises of this Lord North j '' vrho, though he had before been bruised on the knee with a musket shot, yet leaving hia bed, hastened to the skirmish, one boot on and the other off, and went to the matter veiy lustily," aaith the Kari.

His intimacy with that great Peer, is evident frotn hia

« Cole's Etc. Lib. IIL p. 125, not. 61. a 14. in Bibl. Hariey.

• Jouratl of Pari. » Notic. Pari. pned. p. 14^.

P Cat. of Koights, BfS. 9 Noth. Part, ut antea*

' Strype, in his Annals, H. B. i. c. 36, records an vnjattlfiaUa attempt oT

this Peer to wrest some estates of the See of EIj from the good old Bishop Gqs»

whose resistance be resented by a vehement persecntion.

* HoUinshed, p. laio*

I Camb. Aon. of Q. £]is. in Hist, of Eog. Vol. II. p. 407.

• Ibid. p. 1299. X Stowt^s Anaals, p. 73$.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 4«t

rial oo his examinatioii to prove the marriage of tke Earl with die Ladj Lettioe^ Countess of Essex; and^ bj his wilV he had a legacy of a bason and ewer of 401. value. His deposition being rer7 memorable, I shall insert it for the satisfieM^tion of the on* nous.

" On the 15th of March, 1580, 23 Elizabeth/ ' Roger Norths Bacon of Eirtling, of the ag^ of forty years, saith, Tliat he has liyne very conversant with the Erie of Leicester, by the ^ce of thets ten or twelve yeares last passed. And that, by reason of such ^uniliaritie, the said £rl6 of Leicester did soadry times, bjr maoie good and godlie speeches, both acknowledge unto thit de« ponent, and also hambly thank the Lord God for his infinite aefcy and goodness, which he had bestowed and powered upon him in great measure of bis blessing, still devising and studying 1k>w he might walk in those ways that might be most pleasing to his merciful God. And with all told this deponent, that tber# was nothing in this liefe which he more de^red than to be joyned in marriage with some godlie gentlewoman, with whom be might lead his liefe to the glory of God, the comfort of his sonle, and to the faithful! service of her Majesty, for whose sake he had U* therto.ferborne marriage, which long held him doubtful!. Theia and such like speeches, passed from the said £rle to this exami* nant ; who, for bis part, as he saith, did ever like his godlike disposition, and^ever comfort^ his lordship therein, and hartned him thereunto. Whereupon, as he saith, the said Erie did' divers times impart to this deponent the hartie love and affection which he bare unto the Countess of Essex, whom he knew to be a most godlie and virtuous gentlewoman ; adding with all that be greatly desyred and longed after some yssue of his own boddy, yf so it pleased God to contynpe and hold op his house and name. And after manie contierences passing between them to this purpose, the said Erie of Leicester brake with this deponent, as he saith (on a tyme), and tould him plainlie, that he was resolved to many and take to wief the Countesse of Essex, which in a short tyme he performed. For he sayeth, that on a Satterdaie, the 20th of Septemb^, an. Dni. 1578 (as far as he now remembreth), the Queen's Majesty then lying at Stovers House in the forrest, the Erie of Leicester went to his house at Wainsted to bedd, and tooke this deponent with him. In which night there was also at

T Ex |U|^it, Toctt ]>iccster in car. pnm)f . Cantnar. > Ka £vi4ait. afad Ptensboist.^

491 PBERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Waitnted^ the Eries of Warwick and Pembroke, Sir Francis Knolles, and the Countess of Essex. At which tyme and place tiie said Erie of Leicester told this deponent after supper, that he intended to be married the next niorning, by the leave of Gfod» and therefore prayed this deponent to ryse somewhat bytimes for that purpose. Whereupon the dai following beinge Sundaie, this examinant rose early^ and came to the said Erle^ whom he found walkinge in a little gallery, looking towards the garden. And, after ordinary salutation, the Erie of Leicester said to this depo- nent, that he should presently solemnize^ if the Lords and Sir Francis Knolles were reddy. And thereupon departed from thia examinant to fetch them together; and gave this de|)onent hb double key, prating him to go downe, and to bring up tliither, by the privy waie, Mr. 1 indall, a chaplain of bis Lordship's, which this deponent (as he sayeth), did accordinglibr insomoch as this deponent and Mr. Tindall were in the said gallery first j wid ymediately after came the Erles of Leicesteri Warwick, and Pembroke, Mr. Treasurer Knolies, and then the Countess of E^g* lex : in which time and place, and in the presence of the persons aforerecited, Mr. Tindall did marry the aforesaid Erie of Leicester and Countess of Essex together, by the booke of Common Prayer, after the due order of the same. And Mr. Treasurer Knolles, fether pf the Countess, did give her. And further this deponent saith, he well remembrcth, that, as he looked a^de, he saw Mr. Richard Knolles, brother to the Countess, stand in the door which came out of the £rle*s chamber, with his body half in the gallery, and half out, who, together with the persons before-roeniioned, both saw and heard the solemnization of the said marriage. And other the deponent knows not."

This Roger, sectmd Lord Norik, was Ambassador Extraordinary from Chieen Elizabeth to Charles IX. King of France, and was twom of the privy-cotincil to the Queen; also * constituted Trea- ^irer of tike household in 39 Eliz. His Lordship married Wini- frid, daughter of Robert Lord Rich (Chancellor of England, and progenitor to the late Earis of Warwick and Holland), and widow of Sir Henry Dudley, son to John Duke of Northumberland; an4. by her had two sons.

1. Sir John, his heir. And,

2. Sir Henry.

And likewise a daughter, Mary, who died unmarried*

• CaxBd. pf«d. p. 595.

£AEL OF GUILFORD. 4«a

Hn last will bears date ^on October 20tb, iGoo^ whectm he Vqoeathed his body to sepulture io the church of Kirtling^ where ke was buried on December 22d followingy by Garter King of Anns, and a monument erected to his memory^ with this in* fcription;

Durum pad. Bogerus domkms North de KktUnge, Tkesaurarius HaspiHi Begii, et e Sacris CwisUHs sub RegiTM EiisMhetha, uxarem Duxit Wtntfridam JiUam Ricardi domini Bkh de Lees in Cam, Essfx, Summi AngluB Cancellarii : ex qua JiUos getadi Johannem, et Henricum, Milites, et Jiliam unkam Mariam, (fum decessit innupta.

Diem ohiit extremum

Jtmo jEIoHs iJCX^o

ef AnuQ Domini MDO^,

He died on December 3d> 16OO; and Camden (in his Historf of Queen Elizabeth)/ gives this character of him. That he was m person rf great briskness and vivacUy, with an head and heart Jti far service;

Miiden-hall Branch:

Sir Hbvry North, his youngest son, taking eariy to arms, was in 23 £liz. in that expedition to Norembega, under Sir Humphiy Gilbert^ and in 28 £liz. serving with his father in the Low Country wars, he^ had the honour of knighthood oonforicd on him by the Earl of Leicester. He was seated, first, at Wickham* brooke» and afterwards at JdUden-^haU,^ in Suffolki and departing this life, November 20th, 1620, aged sixty-four, at his house at Sadmondelfield» in Wickhambrooke, was interred in the church p( Milden-ball. ^By his wife, Mary, daughter and coheir of Rich- ard Knevit, Esq. son and heir of Christopher Knevit^ yo\mger son of Sir William Knevit, Knt. be had three sons | viz. Sir Itoger, Henry, and John died an infiant} and also three daugh?

^ WoodhaUi qa. 16. ' < FF ia Offic, Amu f. 6^

' Camh. p. 629. « This ancient mansion, apptrendy of the reign of Qaeta ElUa^th, is itil| (|Ua4ing. It bat verj many apartmenti, and a long gallery, th^ extend of ^ froBC.

f HoUintb* p. ijjo.

46^ PESBACa OP ENGLAND.

tets} £Kttibedi» Mary.aod Dorothy. Thenid Mmrj, second ma (who dying mi November 20U19 16M, iged sixtj-fdor^ htA gepiilture at MHden-bal)), wm of LaxfieUy in SoSEolk, ia ilgbt of bU wi^ Saimh, daogbter aod heir of -^-^^-^ Jenuor, <^ Laxfidd^ Esq. and had by her two sons; Henry and Edward.

Sir Rooaa, the eldest son, was born on Febmary ISth^ 1577, and dying on Jane l^th, 16^1, at his home called Finborow, was interred at Milden-hall. ^He bad tw» wives; fint, Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of Sir John Gilbert, ixf Gteat Finboxow, in 8afiblk, Knt. and with whom he had thai estate j and, secondlj, Tbomasine, daughter to Thomas Cleoche, of Holbrooke, in the coonty aforesaid. By this last he had no issoei bat by the first (who died on November 39th, l6l2, and was boried at St. Don- 8tan*s in the West, London), be was father of two scms; Sir Henry, and Dudley North ; and likewise of a daughter, Mary, married to ^ Colonel Blagge, Governor of Yarmouth, &c.

Skr Hbnbt, the eldest son, was of l^fildeo«-ball, and had the dignity of Knight fiaronet conferred upon him, June 14th, 166O; lie departed this life on August 29th, I671, aged sixty-two, and was buried at Milden-halK By Sarah, his wife, wbodied July ist, 1670 (after being married thirty-nine years), daughter to ■ ■

Bayaey, of Tyei's-haU, in Darfield^ Yorkshire, Esq. be bad Sir Henry, his successor, who died on July 5th, 1^, and was bu- ried at Milden-hall ; Tbomasine, who was the wife of Thomas Holland, Esq. son and heir of Sir John Holland, d Qpaddenfaam, ip Norfiilk, Bart. } and dying on September 2Sth, 1661, in the twentyNeighth year of her age, was interred at Jjifilden-hall; and Dndkia, who was married to Sir Thomas Cullom, of Hawsiede^ m Suffolk, Bart. ; and Peregrina, nngle, in I670. These daugb- |sfs were ooheiit to their brother Sir Henry .^

Sir JoRir NoBTH (eldest son of Roger, second Lord North), in 21 £li2. with other brave young men, transported themselves into<^ the Netherlands, to learn the rudiments of military disci* pline. He was "elected, in 27, 28, and 31 Eliz. one of the Knights for the county oi Cambridge ; and having afterwards

i Ex Epitaplno. ^ Monmnent in St. Dnnstan't Church.

1 The hcireM of this branch tnarriei into the Hanmer family I an4 Sir Tho*

nai Htnmer, the Speaker, resided at Milden-hall. From the Speaker^s sister,

Susan, the etute pasted to the Bonbary family; and the faiher of the present Sir

Charkt Banbury lesided there. See Gent Mag. Vol. LXVI. p. 542* 543.

• la Hist pr«d. p. 4^. * Notit. Pari. p. 146.

EARL OF GUILFOHD. 4tfi

received tbe honour of knighthood, died in the lifetime of hi« iiEilher, in the wars of the Netherlands, on Jane 5th, 1597. Hd married Dorothj, daughter add coheir of Sir Valentine Dale, Doc* tor of the civil law^ and Master of the requests^ by whom fie had issue foar sons.

1. Dudley, who succeeded to the title of Lord North.

2. Jobn^ who was, in November 1616, made Knight of thd Bath at the creation of Charles Prince of Wales^ and Gentlemaa Usher of the privy -chamber,

3. Roger,^ who was a ^a commander of notCi dnd enga^ iii making new discoveries for the honour of his country.

And, 4. Gilbert

Also two daughters ; Elizabeth, married to William, son and heir to Sir Jer. Horsey ; and Mary, wedded to Sir Francis Co-' tiingsby, of South Mymmes, in com, Hertf. Knt.

Dudley, third Lord North, as successor to his grandfather, married Frances, daughter and coheir of Sir John Brocket^ of Brocket-hall, in com. Hertf. and by her had issue four sons.

1. Dudlcy> who succeeded him.

2. Charles; and, 3. Robert^ who died in his lifetime* And, 4. John.

Also two daughters; Dorothy, married to Richard, Lord Dacfe of ihe South,P at St. Margaret's, Westminster, January 4th, l524 j and after his decease, to Chaloner Chute, of the Vine, in Hamp^ tbire, Esq. ; and £li^beth, who died unmarried.

He enjoyed tbe title for a great many years indeed, even from the time of Elizabeth, till some years after the Restoration. " He Was a person full of spirit and flame, 'yet sthev he had con- iumed the greatest paft of his estate in the gallantries of King James's Court, or rather his son. Prince Henry's, retired, and lived more hononrably in the countty, upon what was left, than ever he had done before.*'^ He enjoyed life to the great age of dghty-five; so as to see his grandchildren almost all grown up^ and Francis North, the second of them, beginning to rise at the Bar. This young man was rather a favourite with his grand-* Either, and spent much of his eariy vacations with him 3 for the old Peer loved to hear him talk of news, philosophy, and passages in London } he made him play at backgammon, and fiddle, whenever he thought fit -, and the course of life altogether was

^ Camden'i Anatk, p. 654. P Ex Rcgist Eccl. S. Marg.

4 Roger North's Life of hb brother Lord Keeper Goilford, Pref. IIL VOL. IV. 2 H

460 PEEKAGE OF ENGLAND. -

not dispkdsitig to a yoang person $ for bere was fiisbiiig^ billiards^ bontiog, visiting, and all country amusements j' and as to ** sport- ing on horseback, there was opportunity enough here, where there was a very large, and well-stocked deer-park } and at least twice a week, in the season, there was killing of deer. The me- thod then was, for the keeper with a large cross-bow and arrow, to wound the deer, and two or three disciplined park-bounds pursued, till he dropped. Here were also setting, coursing, bowW ing, and the other country sports to divert a large family, and within-doors> backgammon, as has been mentioned, and cards."' But his grandfather did not keep him a great while in his &vour; for he had carried into the country with him the drq^s of an old courtier, and was capricious, violent, vindictive, tyrannical, and unprincipled. There is a portrait of him at WToxtan} and an- other of his daughter Dorothy, by Cornelius Janssen, with his initials, and date 1624 : she was married to Richard Lord Dacre.

The said Dudley, Lord North, was ^ nominated, in 164:5, by both Houses of Parliament, with the Earls of Northumberland, Essex, Warwick, and others, to manage the affairs of the Admi- ralty. He was author of a Miscellany^in prose and verse, entitled " A Forest promiscuous,'* &c. Lond. l65g. Fol. (See Walp. R. and N. Auth. I. 231)." He departing this life' on January ]6th, l666, being then eighty- five years of age, was buried at Catlage.

His sen and heir^ Dudley, foobth Lobd North, had a learned education in the university of Cambridge. He had been made Knight of the Bath, as early as l6l6, at the creation of Charles, Prince of Wales, and had stood as the eldest son of a Peer, at the state in the House of Lords, at sixty-three, and was an eminent instance of filial duty to his father, before whom he would not put on his hat, or sit down, unless enjoined to do it. He was bred in the best manner; for besides the cour^ and choicest company tt home, he was sent to travel, and then into the army, and served as a Captain under Sir Francis Vere. At length be married Anne, one of the daughters and coheirs of Sir Charles Montagu. He served his country in several parliaments; and was misled to sit in that of forty, till he was seduded. After

r Roger Korth*! Life of his brother Lord Keeper Guilford, Prtf. III. p. i6.

• Ibid. p. 29, t Wbitlbck's Memorials, p. 137.

V See also a long accouat of him, and extracts from his Fonit, in << Memoiis of Kbg James*8 Peers j" and Park's Edit, of the R. and N. A.

*■ £k Inscnpt. Tumu). ap. Carthage

EARL OF GUILFORD. 46f

wliich be H^ed privately in the coantty, at Tostock^ Id Suffolk | and towards the latter end of hia life entertained himself with justice-business, books, and (as a very numerous issue required)! economy. He put out a little tract on that subject, with a pre-^ face lightly touching the chief crises of his life. AAerwards he published a small piece, entitled Passiiges relating to the Long-' Parliament, with an apologetic, or rather recantation preface^^ He wrdte also the History of the Life of Lord £dward North, the first Baron.y

His essays are. Light in the Way to Paradise, ttnth other occa^ siomls, Of Truth, Of Goodness, Of Etemity> of Original Sin j which shew he was stedfast in his reHgion> according to thq established church in ottr nation, and led an exemplary life.* He was a Christian speculatively orthodox, and good, regularly cha- ritable and pious in his family, rigidly just in his dealings, and exquisitely virtuous and sober in his person. There is a won- derfully fine portrait of him, in a black dress, with his own hair, atWroxton. He outlived his. father ten years, and died in 1677; having had the hapi>iness to see a numerous family of* children settled prosperously, and one arriving at the highest honours.

He bad issue by Anne his wife> daughter and coheir to Sir Charles Montagu, Knt (a younger brother to Henry, Earl of Manchester), fourteen children; whereof six sons and four daugh- ters lived to maturity -, yiz.

1. Charles, his son and heir.

2. Sir Francis North, Knt. Lord Gtiilford, second son, ancestor to the Earls of Guilford.

3. Sir Dudley North, a Turkey Merchant, in which country he lived several years, aiud made a large fortune, and afterwards memorable for his city contests on the Tory side. He died on December 31st, 169I, having married Anne, daughter of Sir Ro- bert Cann, of the city of Bristol, Bart, and widow of Slr Robert Gunning, of Cold-Ashton, fiear the said city, by whom he left issue two sons ; .Dudley North, of Glemham, in com. Suff. Esq. who married Catharine, daughter and coheiress of Elihu Yale,'

y See Park's Ri and N. A.

s Portraiu of him and his father may be leen in Adolphus*! British Cabinet 1 and in Park's R. and N. A.

• The abore-mentiooed Elihu Yale, Esq. brought inch quanticiet of goodt fiom India, that, flndiog no one house large enough to stow them in, he bid a

46B P£ER(\OB OF ENGLAND.

Esq. Governor of Fort St. G«orge, by wbam be bad islue, Dod« ley, Anne, Mary, and Eliba | a( wbom, tbo survivor, Adda (co- heiress with bar late sister, Mary), oiarried the Hon. Nicbolaa Herbert, of Great Glemham, in Suffolk, great ancle to the pro- sent Earl of Pembroke, and bad issue several sous and daughters i whereof the only survivor^ Barbara, married the late Edward Stratford, eldest son, and afterwards soccessor, to John Earl of Aldborougb, in the kingdom of Ireland | bat died without issue.

John, the fourth son, was Doctor of Divinity, and sometioie Professor, at Cambridge, of the Greek language, of which he was an eminent master. He^ published, anno 1673, a Review of Plato*s select dialogues, de Rebus Dwinis, m Greek and Latiou This learned and pious divine was Clerk of the closet to King Charles II. Prebendary of Westminster, and di^ Master of Tri- nity College, in Cambridge, in 1682, unmarried.^

The fifth son was Montague, who died 27th <^ Sept^»ber> 3 710, and was buried at Rougham, in Norfolk; he married Mary, daughter of Sir Robert Gjyer, of Stoke Poges, in Bucks, near Windsor, Knight of the Bath, by whom he had issue two sooa and five daughters.

Roger, the sixth son, studied in the Middle Temple, and was of Rougham, in Norfolk. He wrote the historical piece, called Examen} the Life of his brother, Sir F)rancis, Lord Guilford, kCk which shew the author's great erudition, and exquisite know« ledge of the Englbh constitution j as well as talents fisr amusing

^blic sale of the overplus, uid that was the fint aacdon ia England* On hia tomb, at Wrexham, in Denbighshire, is the followiag inscription 1 Under this Tomb lyea interred Eliho Yale, of Place-Gipnow, Esq. bom 5 th Aprils 164S, and dyed the 8th of Julj, 17x1$ aged y% years* Born in America, in Europe bred. In Affric travelled, and in Asia wed, "Where long he Uv'd and thrived, at London dead. Much Good, Some 111 he did, so hopes alPt eyen. And that his tool thro* Mercy*t goat to Heav'iu You that sanriTe and read take Care For this most certain Ekit to prepare j For only the actions of the Just Smell sweet and blossom in the Dott»

c Wood*s Fast. Oion. Vol* 11. p. 8^o« d See a short life of km by his brotbcir Re^erj as well as aa account of his brother Six Dadlejr*

}

EARL OF GUILFORD. 4^9

biography. These Lives have been reprinted in 190S, 8vo. He was ancestor to the Norths lately remaining at Rougham.

The four daughters * of the said Dudley^ Lord North, were, Mary, married to Sir William Spring, of Pakenham, in com. Suff. Bart; Anne, married to Robert Foley, of Stourbridge, in Wor- cestershire, Esq.} Elizabeth* first, to Sir Robert Wjrseman, Knt. Doctor of the Civil Law, and Dean of the arches, seventh son of Sir Thomas Wyseman, of Rivenhall, in Essex ; and afterwards to William, Earl of Yarmouth ; and Christian, to Sir George Wen- yeve, of Brettenham> in com. SofiT. Knt* She died 13th April, 1/06, and was buried at St. Anne*s church, Westminster.

Dudley, Lord North, their father, was buried at Catlage, where a monument is erected^ with this inscription^ to bis me- mory:

' Hie humatus est Dudieius North

Miles de Balneo, Baro North de

Kirthng, qui duxit uxorem Annam,

Filiam et Coheredtm dm Caroli

Montague Equitu Aurati, et ex ea

Sufcepit quatuordecem Liheros, et

Superstites reliquit novem, sciUcet Sex Jilios, et ires JiUa$. Obiit Vieesimo quarto Junii 1677, Hoe Marmor superimpotuit Vidua Mcerens Uxor.

Anne, his Lady, died in the year IfiSO^ * agled sixty-seven, and was buried by him.

Their eldest son, Craslbs, viftb Lorii Nohth, having mar« ried Catharine, daughter ' to William, Lord Grey of Wark, widow «f Sir Edward Mosely, of the Hoi^h, in com. Fal. Lane. Bart, was, in the lifetime of his father, by a special writ of summons, called to parliament, in the 25 of Charles II. by the title of Loan Grbt of Rollbstok, in com. Stqff. He is not handed down to us as equally amiable with some of his brothers. Of the Lord Keeper's rise he is said to have felt a legy unbecoming and

• He bad a fifth daughter, Cathariae, baptized atClerkenwell, February iHcb^ 1^43*4^ See Malcolm's Lood. Rediv. HI.

t Aoot of the ootoriotts Ford Lord Cre|ri £arl of Tan|penriUe.

4fO PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

unnatural jealousy. He was buried at Catlage^ wberp is this iqeiporia) :

Hie humahu est Dom. Carolus North/

Baro North, tsf Grey, de Kirtling, ^ fioUeston, ^ui duxit Katherinam JUiam Dom. Gulielmi Grey, Baroms Grey de Wark, et ex ea suscepii Septem Liberos, et Superstites Reliquit quatuor, scilicet duos JiHos, y duos JiUas, Hoc Marmor Vidua superimpostdt. ,.., J I Sahitis 16&0.

His two sons were; WiUiam, Lord North and Grey; and Charles, who died of a calenture in Fhnders^ during the siege of Lble^ unmarried. His daughters likewise died uniparried. Dud- leia, the only surviving sister, emaciated herself with study ; and having made herself mistress of Greeks Latin^ and the Oriental Languages, died under the infliction of a sedentary distemper, leaving a dhoice collection of books in Eastern literature, which her brother gave to the parochial library of Rougham, in Nor- folk.

William, fifth Lobd North, and Lojid. Grbt, was bom December 22d, 1673, and took k his place in the House of Peers^ January 46th, 1698. In the reign of Queen Anne he was Lord Lieutenant of the county of Cambridge^ Govemor of Portsmooth, Lieutenant-general of her Majesty *s forces, aud one of her Privy-r council. He served under the Duke of Marlborough, throogh the whole course of the war ; and, at the battle of Hockstet, oc Blenheim^ August 13th, ^.3* 1704, had his right hand shot off. His Lordship married Maria-Margaretta, daughter of Mons. Ell- meet, Receiver-general to the States of Holland, and the other provinces, but had no issue by her 5 who remarried Patrick, Lord Elibank, and retained Catlage as her jointure house, sarvtving many years; and> departxqg this life at Madrid, on October 3lst«

f There is a ^ood eogitting of him in Vol. III. of Harding*! Biogr. Minofj^ done jast before hit death, by Edward Harding, a rising young artiat, who died|^ 9gcd twenty, in 1796. '

' % Journal DoiD. Procer.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 4;i

1734, the title of Lord Grey of Rolleston, became extinct; and the title of Lord North devolved on Francis, Lord Guilford, son and heir of Francis, Lord Guilford, son and heir of Francis, created Lord Guilford, second son of Dudley, fourth Lord North of Catlage.

Which last Fbancis> was created Lord Guilpord in l683. Applying himself to the study of (he laws in the Middle -Temple, he became so eminent for his great learning and knowledge therein, that King Charles II. conferred the honour of knight- hood on him,** May 23d, l67*5 an<J on the same day he was sworn into the oflSce of Solicitor-general to his Majesty. In I673, he was constituted Attorney-general; succeeding Sir Hencage Finch, on his being made Lord-Keeper. In 1674, at the begin- ning of Hilary-Terra,* his Majesty, in consideration of his faithful services, appointed him to succeed Sir John Vaughan, late Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas : Whereupon he ap- peared in the High Court of Chancery ; and being sworn Serjeant and performing all formalities belonging to that degree, the Lord keeper of the Great Seal came into the Court of Common Pleas, and declared the King's pleasure to him, in an eloquent speech, tipon which Sir Francis North, standing Jn the middle of the bar of the said court, made his acknowledgments of the King's great favour, and returned his humble thanks to his Majesty ^ and was immediately conducted from thence, between the two ancientest Serjeants, into the said court, where the Lord Keeper delivered unto him his patent of the said office : and after he had taken the oaths of allegiance and supremacy, and the oath of Chief Justice of that court, the Lord Keeper put on his square cap; and he took his secU of Chief Justice, and afterwards entertained the Lord Keeper, and Mvers of the Nobility, and all the Judges and Ser-^ jeants, at dinner, at Serjeants-Inn in Chancery-lane,

In the year 1 679, when his Majesty dissolved his Privy-council, declaring he would lay aside the use he had hitherto made of a single Ministry, and his resolution to chuse a new Privy-council, y;hose known abilities, interest, and esteem in the tiation, should render them without all suspicion of either mistaking, or betraying the true interest of the kingdom, the Lord Chief-Justice North * was in that Right Honourable list.

ypon the death of the Earl of Nottingham, his Majesty,* on

b fl'st. of Engl. Vol, III. p. 309. ' Ibid. p. 329.

k Ibid. p. 363. 1 Wood's Atheme Oxon, p. 540.

472 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

December 20tb, l682> commitfed the custody of the Great Seal to him^ with the title of Lord Keeper of the Great Seal ofEng* \and; and two days after, hit Lordship was sworn at the Council- board> and took his place as Lord-Keeper. Likewise his Majesty," is a mark of the gr^cions esteem he had for the great and faithful Services, which the Right Honourable Sir Francis North, Lord- Keeper of the Great Seal of England, had rendered the Crown, created him a Baron of this kingdom, by the name and style of Lord Guilford, Baron of Guilford, in the county of Surrey/^ by letters patent bearing date September 27th, l683.

On the accession of King James to the throne, his Lordship was continued Lord-Keeper of the Great Seal 5 and, on his coro- nation, was one of the Commissioners to dete^ine the ** claims of such, who, in regard to divers tenures, exhibited their petitions to perform several services on the coronation-day, by ancient customs and usages of the realm : i;i which year his Lordship departed this life, viz. on p Saturday, Septeipber 5th^ at his seat #t Wroxton, near Banbury, in Oxfordshire, and *» was buried in a vault under part of the church there, among the ancestors of his Lady, Frances, second daughter and coheir of Thomas Pope, Earl ' of Down 3 which Lady died in the year 1678^ and was alsQ buried there.

A Hitt of Eogl. p, 407. * Bill, tignat. 3; Car. IL

* Hist, of the Coronation, p. 8. P Hitc of £ngl. p. 439*

9 Wood's Fasti Of on, p. 504.

' Wrozton Priorjr, founded by Michael Belet eaiiy in the reign of Henry HI. for Canons Regular of St. Augustin, after the dissolation, falling into the bandt of Sir Thomas Pope, the founder of Trinity College, Oxford, was given (part of |t at least), to the endowment of that society. But his brother, John Pope, bad a seat at that place at least as early at the reign of Edward VI.} and in t$$y, their mother^ who it supposed to have lived with this ton heie^ was buried in tbi^ church.* Jheic father, William Pope, of Dedington, Gent, died in 15239 and seems to have lived in a decent and creditable condition, though indoubtedly bis son. Sir Thomas (who was born at Dedington in 1508, and died in January 15 59)1 1 was the maker of hit owp large fortune| and most probably of bit bro- ther JohnV

John Pope, of Wroxton, died there 1^83. By hit first wife» Anne Suveley>

• Warton's Life of Sir T. Pope, p. 4, and 406. f His seat was at Tittenhanger, in Hertfordshire, which came after his wife's death, to her family, the Blountt, who were also descended through the Love^ from Sir Thomases sister. The present n^ansion there was built by Sir Henry Blount, the Traveller, and belongs to the present Earl of Hardwicke, to whom ic (»f»e from bis motbcri who h^d it by outcmal descent from the BiountSf

EARL OF GUILFORD. 473

The following epitome of his Life and Character is taken from the Topographical Miscellanies, 1791. ** He was born about 1640, and being bred to the Bar, after a liberal education at

of Bygnelly io this county, he had a daughter married to Edward Blounti of Bur- ton on Trent» co. Staff, in 1573 (probably nephew of Sir Thomas Pope*i wife)» and by his second wift> daughter of Sir John Brockett^ of Brockett-haJl, in Hert* fordshire, had three som, of whom two died young, and six daughters. By hit third wife, daughter of Sir Edmund Wyndham> of Somerutshire, he had no

issue.

Sir William Pope, his only surviving son, was bom at Wroxton in 1^739 a student of Gray's Inn 1594 J made Knight of the Bath at St. Jameses i6o%i and a Baronet May zzd, 161 x, being then styled of Wilcote, where he had an house. In 1629, he was created Baron of Beliturbet, and Earl of Downe, in Ire- land, and died July 2d, 1631, at Wroxton, in which church he was buried> on the north side of the altar, under an alabaster monument, of elegant and costly workmanship, on which are the recumbent iijures of himsolf and wife, large as life. This monument was made by the famous Nicholas Stone* Ke built from the ground the present mansion St Wroxton, which he finished in 16 18 (besides having built imother large seat at Coggs, in this reign). He married in 1595* i\nne, daughter of Sir Owen Hopton,-|- Lieutenant of the Tower of London, relict

• Warton, ttt supr. 409. f His other daughter, Mary, married William fourth Lord Chandos. The prrsent Earl of Guilford is descended through the Popes, and Brownlows, from both theser daughters. Sir Owen Hoptou, Lieutenant of the Tower, bom 1533 (whose seat, I believe, was at Wytham, in Somersetshire, of which county Ar« tbur Hopton, of Wytham, was sheriff, 25 Elis.) had issue as well as the abovt Anne, Countess of Downe, Mary, wife of William, fourth Lord Chandos, and ^ir Arthur Hopton, Knight of the Bath, who, by kachel, daughter of Edmund Hall, of Gretford, in Lincolnshire, had Arthur Hopton, his fifth son, born about i^95> at Wytham, who was a learned roan, and Author of the Concti^daiice of feiirt, and died 1614. (See ff'^oJ's 4lh, !• 395.) I conceive also that his first son was Robert Hopton, of Wytham, father of Ralph, created Lord Hopton, of ScraCton, 19 Char. I. who died 16^2, without is&\xt^-^D»gd» Bar, II. 469.

Jane, Lady Finett, granddaughter of Sir Owen Hopton, was wife of Sir John Finetr, of Soulton, in the parish of WestcliflFei near Dover, in Kent, Master of the Ceremonies to Charles I^ who was a person of some celebrity. He was son find heir of Robert Finett, of ^oulton (grandson of John Finetr, of Siena, in Icaly^ who came into Enghnd with Cardinal Campegius, 10 Henry VIII. by th« daughter of Mantell, Maid of Honour to Queen Katharine], which Robert had is$ue by Joan, daughter and coheir of John Wenlock, besides Sir John, c«ro other sons, Richard and Thomas \ and a daughter, Joan, ^aid of Honour to th^ (C^ieen, who married Thomas Foche, of Wootton (who bad issue by her, who died 1616, Thomas Foche, of Wootton, who married Elisabeth Gibbon, of West-« cliffe, and died 1687). SitMS.fffitigrfpewaffafmm. ' Sir John Finett was bred in the Court, where, by his wit> innocent mirth, and |re»t skill in composing songSf he was a high favourite of Jamef I. He was

474 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Cambridge, rose by the union of great abilities, and anconuDon application, througii every gradation of practice, to the highest c^ces of the law, and yet found time to accomplish himself in

of Henry Lord Wentwortb/of NeCtlested), and by her bad two sont, and a dao^h-' ter, who died unmarried.

Sir Will'am Pope (eldest son), was bom at Wroxton 1^9^, and knighted at Woodstock 1616. He lived at Coggf, and died In his father^s lifetime in 16x4,' leaving istoe by Elisabeth his wife, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Watson, of Halstead, in Kent. Knt. (who rennarried Sir Thomas Penoysrone, of ComweH, In Oxford&hire, Bart.) three sons, and two daughters. That the two younger sons, of whom, John was born in 1613, and Williatn, in 1624-5, both atCoggs, died without legitimate issue male, is demonstrable, for their elder brother was succeeded in the honours by his uncle.*

Thomas Pope (the eldest son), who succeeded his grandfather, as second Earl of Downe, was bom at Coggct 1622, and was an active loyalist in the subsequent troubles ; by which he suffered so severely in his estates, as to be obliged to sell his houK St Cogges, and being necessitated to leave the kingdom, took the bp- ^rtunity cf improving himself by travel. Upon the restoration he returned home, but survived it but a few months, dying at Oxford, December 28th, 1660, at the early age of thirty-eight j leaving by his wife, Lucy, daughter of John' Puttoh, Esq. of Sherborne, co. Glouc. (who was buried atCoberley), a daughter, and heir, married to Sir Henry Lee, of Ditchley.

He was succeeded by his uncle. Sir Thomas Pope, who became third Eari of Downe. He wa^ born at WrQxton.15^8, and was then therefore sixty-.two years old. He had been knighted at Woodstock in 1625, *"^ ^^ married in 1636, Beata, daughter of $ir Henry Poole, of Saperton, in Gloucestershire. He enjoyed the honours seven years, and dying January nth, 1667, was burled at Wroxtoo. He was father of five daughters 5 Elenor (who died an infiint); Anne, Beata, Frances, and Finetia ; and three sons ; of whom, the first, Henry, died an infant^ and the second a student ht Oxford; and the eldest son,

Thomas, became fourth Earl of Downe, but enjoyed the honour only a few months; dying May i8th, 1668, and being buried at Wroxton. Here the male line and honoon of the noble fiunily of Pope ended, and the sisters became coheirs.f

sent into France in 1614, about public concerns, and the year after, knighted; in i6%&f on the death of Sir Lewis Lewknor, to whom he had been assistant, he wu appointed Master of the ceremonies ; cooceralog which he was Author of a curious and scarce book, entitled Fineti FkiUxenes, published after his death, 16^6, is well as a translation from the French, concerning the hegimmng, emti- miumc0, and decay of estates, 1606, He died July 12th, 1641, aged seventy, and was buried in the church of St. Martin's in the Fields, London, near Jane his W.fe, daughter (as has been mentioned), of Henry Lord Wentworth, of l^ettle- sted. See Wood's Fasti. I. 270. Warton's Sir T. Pope, 41 1, 412.

• Yet Mr. Warton inadvertently puts the supposition of one of them being gr^dfiithtr of Alexander Pope, the Poet.

f Warton, at lupr. 41^,

EARL OF GUILFORD. - 4? J

-• M the liberal arts an4 sciences. He was a master of languages,

•killed in music and painting, and delighted with most parts of philosophy. At the time of his marriage with Lady Frances Pope he was Solicitor General. This match was produced by that of her sister with Mr. Soame, whose seat, at Thurlowe, was about four miles from his father*8 at Catlage. For on that event, '^ the grave Countess of Downe, as the custom was, attended the new married couple to their habitation, and made some stay there, during which time the visits of joy camt in ; and amongst the rest, the family from Catlage made their appearance; and the Countess, and her daughters, in due time made their return, which happened to be when Sir Francis North was there. His mother laid ber eyes upon the eldest unmarried daughter, and when they were gone, turned about, and said. Upon my Ufe this Lady tvould make a good wife for my son Frank, In short, at the next visit, by the consent of her son, she moved it tp the Coun- tess, who consented that Sir Francis might make his advances.* Her fortune was then 14,0001. The marriage was concluded, and there were great feastings and jollities in the neighbourhood. '^ It was a Cavalier country, and the Popes eminent sufferers for their loyalty in the late wars -, and his Lordship having the like character, and being known to be an obliging, as well as a flou-^ rishing loyalist, there was scarce a family which did not shew all respect iniaginable to the new married folks, by visits, invitatlcxis, and festival rejolbings. So that it was about three weeks before Sir Francis could clear himself of these welUintended importuni- . ties.**^ But after he had enjoyed all possible happiness with his wife for about three years, it was not a little curtaUed by the bit- terness poured into his cup by her sickness, which began about 1674, and at last brought her to her grave. He took a house for Jier at Hammersmith, for the advantage of better air, but at

Anee, born 1637, married Sir Edwud Boughton, of L«wfor4> in Warwickthire, part, but died without issue*

Beata, bom 1639, married, i668,WUriain Soames, ^sq. of Thurlowe, inSuf. folk, who was afterwards created a Baronet, but died vnthout issue, f

Frances, bomr 1647, married March 5th, 1671, Sir Francis North, afterwards Lord-Keeper, Ac.

Finetta, married, May 4th, 1674, Robert Hyde, Esq. son of Alexander Hyde, Bishop of Sali sbury.

• Roger North's Life, p. 80. « Ibid. p. 81.

♦ Kimb. Bar. h 395. t Ibid. XL 4«o.

476 • PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

length the distemper proceeded from bad to worse, aod be went down with her to Wrozton } it was then evident slie could DOk last for tnany weeks ; and not long n^er, during bis absence in London* a blood-vessel broke in a fit of coughing, and carried her off, November 15th> 167S, »t. 31, leaving three children.^ He was then Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas (to which he bad been appointed in 1674), and survived her about six jears. In ^682, on the death of Lord Nottingham, he was appointed Lord Keeper; and in 1683, created a Peer, by the title of Baron of Guilford, in Surrey. But uneasiness ^consumed his days and nights 5 his steady loyalty to the crown (which .has induced a herd of party-writers to blacken his character), yet his firm disapprobation of the many unprincipled men and mea- sures of those days, and a surly integrity that unfitted him for the looseness of the Courts contributed to render his situation so unhappy, that he told several of his friends he had.not ei^ayed one easy and contented minute since he had the Seitl,^ At length Charles II. died^ and afiSiirs became more critical than ever. The cares of that time, to a man of his integrity, in such a situation, and the a£Fronts put upon him by designing and ambitious people^ really seemed to have broke his heart,* He fell desperately ill, and afterwards a little recovered, but grew worse again, and seemed to have no way left, but to repair to Wroxton, and drink the waters of the neighbouring wells of Astrop, which it was hoped would cleanse his blood, and restore his decayed spirits. So the Lord-Keeper, with the great Seal, and all his officers, removed thither ; and the house was filled also with his own frnaily^ who loved and reqsected him. The gentlemen of the county were srery humane and obliging, for they all came and dined with him, and with deference to his ease invited him ; but he could go no where. Every kind of amusement was attempted to divert his mind. '' Our course was in the morning (says his brother, Roo ger North), to attend his Lordship in his chamber with merry /entertainment^ while he was drinking the waters, and then being up, w/c that took the post of being his architects, fell to measur- ing, mapping, and debating about our projects concerning his gardens, buildings, and plantations. It was very observable^ that pur proceedings discovered plainly when jiis Lordship thought iK^ell of himself, and when not, for, if he was in good heart, and

• Roger Horth'i Life, p. 13. » Roger llToctb, ut pupr. p, 193^

» Ibid, p, ^61,

EARL OF GUILFORD. 477

thought be might recover, then he oh«er?ed us narrow]/, and would put in his oar, and like or dislike, joining very much in altercation among us, as if he were a party concerned. But if he thought ho could not get off, then he left us to ourselves, and made no inquiry, or question at all upon what we were doings and scarce would give attention, when we shewed him our draughts. I remember I had laid out the plantation of his avenue, which was a wretched position; for the entrance was at one cor-» ner« and not in the straight. I had shaped a demi-lune before the court-gate, and at the further end a whole sweep, with rowa^ detached from that to the entrance. He put out the whole sweep, and ordered the rows of trees to be refracted that way. At which I was very angry 5 and declared, that no architect was ever so used as I was. This pleased bim much; and he veiy often made a jest to his company of this rant of his architect. These were harmless amusements, and beneficial to him as much as any thing might be.— Thus the heavy time, day after day, was got off. Oh ! what a difierence between his own £imily, firiends, and re« lati<HU, atid the Court 1"

After dinner the coaches were usually got ready, and he used to go, with his nearest relations, to EdgehiU (whence there is a glorions prospect), to take the air; but he seldom seemed to enjoy it much.3^

Hiere were chaplains in the house, and constant prayers in a small chapel, ma|Bpng and evening, for the fiimily, as ought to be in every great man's house; and after he was confined to hia room, service was performed in his chamber,* and at length he received the sacrament, being not likely to live many hours. *r-^ Death approachedi and he began to agonize; and then, af\er some sCiuggles, laid himself down with patience and,resignatioQ for good and aU, and expired in September 1^5.*

It had been usual fbr writs to bear Ti$t where the Lord Keeper resided; but his Lordship thinking it a mere vanity, would suffer none to bear Test ap%id Wtoxtwa.

But for a full character of the many virtues of this great man, I roust refer to the ample and excellent life, written by his bro- ther, Roger North, frcnn which I have borrowed so much of this account.**

His Lordship had issue, by Lady Frances Pope, three sons.

1. Francis, his successor.

r Roger North, ut tupr. p. a((. * IbU. p* a97— a6l.

478 P££RAG£ OP ENGLAND.

2. Charles, who served ia seyeral Parliaments for Banbury, and died unniarried.

And, 3. Pope, who died an infant.

Also two daughters} Anne, who died unmarried} and Frances^ \irho died an infant.

' His eldest son Francis, who now became second Lord Guii.<* fOBD, wa^ at this time about ten years old, being bom December 14th, l6f3 i and his guardianship, as well as that of the other children, was committed to the care of the uncles, who had also the trust of the estates, which were those of the Popes, some that the late Lord had purchased in Essex, and in money about 30,0001. to be laid out in land/ Their uncles (Sir Dudley and Roger), during the time their nephew was abroad on his travels, sometimes spent their summers at Wroxton. Here their way of life was sbgular; they entertained themselves with all sorts of manual exercises: they formed a laboratory, in which they worked of mornings, and made themselves as black as tinkers } and of afternoons, as the cleaner exercise, became carpenters, tumera, planners, and measurers. Boger had been in full practice at the Bar, and Sir Dudl^ had undei^one a variety of scenes as a rich and successful merchant in Turkey. ^' Yet (says Roger of the other), here for many afternoons together he hath sat, perhaps^ scraping a stick, or turning a piece of wood, all the while shiging. like a cobler, incomparably better pleased than he had been in all the stages of his life before. And it is a mor||ping speculatioor that of the different characters of this man's enj^ments, separated one from the other, and exposed to an indifferent choice, there it scarce any one, but this I have here described, worth taking up. And yet the slavery of our nature is such, that this must be de- spised, and all the rest, with the attendant evils of vexations, disappointments, dangers, loss of health, disgraces, envy, and what not of torment, be admitted. It was weU said of the philo- sopher to Pyrrhus : JFhat follows after all your victories. To $U doum, and make merry. And cannot you do so nowK

His Lordship had his education in Trinity* College, in Oxford,^ and was created Master of Arts, on December 11th, 1^0. On November <^ 30th, 1694, his Lordship took h'ls place in the House of Peersj and on February 25th, 1694-5, married Elizabeth, third daughter of Fulk Grevil, Lord Brook, who died in child^bed in

» Roger North*8 Life of Sir Dudley North, p. 182. ^ Woo4*i Futi Oxoiu p. 994. , . . c Journal Dom. Procctr,

EARL OF GUILFORD. 479

November l6gg, and was buried the 18th of tbe same months leaving no issue surviving her.

His Lordship had for his second Lady^ Alice^ second daughter and cohdr of Sir John Brownlow^ of Belton^ in the county of Lincoln, Bart, (by the coheir of George Biydges, Lord Chandos)^ by whom he had issue three sonsj viz.

1. Francis, first Earl of Guilford.

2. Brownlow. And, 3. Peregrine, who died in&nts. And a daughter, Alice, who died unmarried.

In 1702, bis Lordship was constituted Lord Lieutenant of tbe. county of Essex, and town of Colchester, and Gustos Rotulomm diereof 5 and on July 7th, 1712, one of the Lords Commisisioners for Trade and the Plantations. Also, in July, 1714,'* was consti* tuted First Lord Commissioner for Trade and the Plantations; and was one of her Majesty's most Honourable Privy-counciJ, and departing this life on October 17th, 1729, was buried at Wroxton,

Francis, first Earl of Guilford, and seventh Lorq North, born on April 13th, 1704, was chosen a member for the. borough of Banbury, in the county of Oxford, in the first Parlia- ment called by George II. and, after succeeding his fether, was, iik^October, lySO, appomted one of the Gentlemen of the Bed- chamber to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales.

On October 3 1st, 1734, he succeeded to the title of Lard North, by the d^h of William, Lord North and Grey, whose heir he was. His Lordship, on June 17th, 17^0, being then one of the Lords of the Bed-chamber to his Royal Highness Frederick Prince of Wales, stood proxy at the baptism of his Royal High- ness's fifth son. Prince Frederick-William, for his Serene High- ness Prince William of Saxe-Grotha 5 and was that year appointed Governor to the present King. At the ftmeral procession of the aforesaid Frederick, Prince of Wales, on April 13tb, 1751, his Lordship attended as one of the Lords of his Bed-chamber: and, io consideration of his Lordship's eminent services, and the nobi- lity of his descent, his late Majesty was pleased to advance him to the dignity of an Earl of Great Britain, by the style and title of ^ Earl of Guilford, by letters patent bearing date April 8tb, 1752, and, on December 29th, 1773, his Lordship was appointed Treasurer and Receiver General to her Majesty. He was alse

' <> Pointer^s Cbron. HUt. p. 484. « Pat. 25 Geor^ U.

480 PEERAGE OF EKGLzVND.

High Steward of Banbury, and one of the Vice Presidents of St. George's Hospital.

His Lordship died at a very advanced age, August 4th, I79O.

His Lordship married, on June l6th, 1738, Lady Lucy, daugfa^ ter of George Montagu, late Earl of Halifax, by whom he had issue one son,

Frederick, second Earl j and a daughter, Lucy, who died an iofant, and was buried at Wroxton.

Her Ladyship departing this life on May 7th, 1734, was buried dt Wroxton.

In January 1735-6, he married, secondly, Elizabeth, relict of George Lord Viscount Lewisham, eldest son of William, Earl of Dartmouth, and only daughter of Sir Arthur Kaye, of Woodsome, in the county of York, Bart. And by her Ladyship (who died on April 21st, 17'*5), had issue.

Lady Louisa, bora MaKh 13th. 1737> and married, on October 8th, 1761, to John Peyto, the present Lord WiUoughby dc Broke. She died February 2d, 1798.

Frances and Charlotte, both deceased.

Augustus-Francis, who died June 24th, 1745, and was buried at Wroxton.

Brownlow, bora in July, 1741, who having entered into hcfy orders, was made Canon of Christ Church; on October 27th, J 770, promoted to the deanery of Canterbury; was elected Bi- shop of Litchfield and Coventry in June 1771i*'and translated to the see of Worcester in December 1774; made Bishop of Win- chester in September 178I. He married, January lytb, 1771,

Henrietta, daughter of — Banister, Esq. and by her, wha

died November 19th, 171^> he has issue, 1. Henrietta, boro November 20(ii, baptized December 18th, 1771, married June ^th, 1797, the Rev. William Gamier, A M. Prebendary of Win- chester. 2. Francis, bom December 17th, 1772, baptised Ja- nuary 15th, 1773, married Hesthcr, daughter of the Rev. John Harrison, of Bighton, Hants. 3. Louisa Anne, born March loth, baptized April 25tb, 1774, married August 12th, 1602^ the Hon. and Rev. Thomas De Grey, son of Lord Walsinghdm^ and has issue. 4. Lucy, bom April 25th, baptized May 3d, 1775. 5. Elizabeth, born October 26th, "baptized Norember 20th, 17/(5. 6. Brownlow, born—-* 1778. And, 7. Charks^ born in 1785.

Hb Lordship married, thirdly, m Jum Idtb, 1751, Anne,

EARL OP OUILPORD, . 481

refict of Lewis Wateon, Earl of Rockingham^ and daughter and coheir of Sir Robert Fumcse, Bart, of Waldcrshare, in Kcnt/^ Her LadjTBhip died without issue December \77S, and was buried at Wroxton.

His Lordship's eldest son^ Fradbrick^ SRcoitn Farl opGuil- roKD^ better known as Lord North, was returned Member for Banbury, at the general elections in 1754 and 1761^ 1768 and 1774, 178O and 17S4. His Lordship, on June 2d, 1759, was declared one of the Commissioners of the Treasury ; on August 1766, his Lordship was appointed Joint-Receiver and Pay-Master of tie Forces 5 was sworn of the Privy-council, December 3d* 1766 J on December 1st, 17^> was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer, and a Lord of the Treasury; on January 28th, 1770, was constituted first Lord Commissioner op the Treasury; 00 June 14th, 1771, was appointed Ranger and Warden of Bab^ Park ; was unanimously chosen Chancellor of the univer* m$y of Oxford, October 3d, 1772, and elected Fellow of the An- ttqmHrian Society, February 29th, 177^; at a Chapter of the Gar- ter bM, at St. Jameses, June 1 8th, 1 772, his Lordship was elected ODe of the Knights of that most noble Order.

His Lordship was likewise Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rota* loram of the county of Somerset, Recorder of Gloucester and Taunton, one of the Elder Brethren of the Trinity house, Presi- deot of the Foondling Hospital and the Asylum, and Governor of the Turkey Company and Charter-house.

** Lord North (says Adolphus), commenced his education at Eton, and completed it at Oxibrd, with considerable reputation for his proficiency in classical literature. His elegant taste as a achokr was eminent through a life fully occupied with the most momentous public concerns. On his travels, he applied with much assiduity to the acquisition of diplomatic knowledge, and •tudied with great success the Germanic constitution, under the celebrated Mascove. He comrpenced his parliamentary career in 1754$ and during Mr. Pitfs administration in I7^9t obtained a •aeat at die Treasury Board. He was removed by the Rockingham mtnistry in 1765 ^ but with Lord Chatham came again into office «8 Joint-Paymaster of the forces. His talents, erudition, and ex- perience, eminently qualified him for the important situation he was now called upon to fill. His abilities for debate were uni- versally acknowledged, and had been advantageously displayed in

f By her he acquired the noble seat of Waldenhare, near Do?cr, aad a laige tuntninding esutc of upwards of $oqq I. a year. VOL. IV, * I

4S» P££RAGE OF ENGLAND.

the motions against Wilkes^ and in the discussions on I11& affiiirs/*^

In March 1782, his Lordship resigned the reins of GoYcm- ment, which he had held for twelve years.

y Such (adds Adolphus) was the close of the £rst permanent administration formed during the reign of Gecnge III. From the prime minisiter the acts of government teok their character ; and in speaking of him, his most inveterate opponents nevrr accused his warmest friends of exaggeration. Of his character and attain* ments when he was raised to the office of Chancellor of the Ex- chequer, mention has already been made> and what remains for history to record, has been in a great degree anticipated. His eloquence was less distinguished by peculiar splendour of diction, than by suavity, perspicuity, and arrangement. The iropressidn of his harangues was aided by an oxtraordinary degree of candour* and ingenuous ^confidence 5 which were known to be unassumed, and convinced the hearers of the purity of his motives, even thongh they did not assent to the propriety of his measures. His tenqier was seldom ruffled; and though reiterated attacks sometimes ex*^ torted a sarcastic sally, his wdt, of which he possessed an uncom* mon fecundity, never left on the. minds, even of those whom he overwhelmed with ridicule, a sentiment of rancour. His honour wa^ unblemished, his integrity imquestionable; and in a long and stormy, and, at length> an unfortunate administration, he had many political opponents, almost without a personal enemy. These estimable qualities were supposed 40 be counterbalanced by too great a facility in adopting the suggestions of others 5 and the absence of that strictness, or severity, which is often necessary to enforce or insure exertion, gave the appearance of proo^stination, and a want of energy seemed to pervade the other departments of administration.^*'

In the following year, the celebrated coalition between his Lordship, and his former virulent opponent, Mr. Charles Fox, took place; and brought an odium upon both, which they never entirely recovered. By their united strength they soon drove Lord Shelbumefrom the helm; and forced themselves once moie into office. On April 20th, 1783, the Doke of Portland was de* clared First Lord of the Treasury; and Lord North, in conjunct U0n with Mr. Fox, was contented to take the Seals of Secretary of

f Adolpbii8*s George III. I. 32^. h Adolphus'f Reign of George HI. Vol. lU. p. 47J,

EARL OF GUILFORD. 483

9tat». It was only till the 1 8th of December that they held their power; when Fox's East India Bill, opposed by the mighty elo-" quoice of Pitt, produced their dismissal.

From this period this amiable minister returned no more to power; and took no very active part in politics. In 1790 he succeeded his father in the Earldom ; but survived him only two years: having latterly lost his sight; and passed his last days in the calmness and endearments of domestic privacy, to which his chearful find benign tem(>er was particularly adapted.

Dr. BisBct views his administration in the same light as Adol* pbus.

'' Thus ended (says Dr. Bisset) the administration of Lord North, of which the greater part teemed with calamitous events/ beyond any of the same duration to be found in the annals of British history. A war with so great, productive, and important part of our eomnauntty, lost thirteen flourishing and powerful co- kynies, the promoters of private and public wealth, and the nou- lisbers of national force. Hostilities, whencesoever they arose, not only subtracted from us sach constituents of strength, but added them to our inveterate enemies. Year after year, our blood and treasure were expended to no purpose: myriads of men were killed; hundreds of millions were lavi^-hed without obtaining -any valuable object. Temporary gleams of partial success vrcre fol- lowed by the permanent gloom of general disaster. Were we to jadge from result solely, and to draw a conclusion from the broach principle, thai an uniform series of miscarriages, in the natural course of human affairs, implies a great portion of misconduct, our estimate of this administration might be easily formed; but general roles, applied to the appreciation of conduct, often require to be nicely naodified according to the circumstances. I trust it has appeared to the impartial reader, that the chief minister pes* sessed very conaderable talents and fair intentions, though nun- gled with defects, and acting in such emergencies as precluded beneficial exertions and consequences. But however erroneous and hurtful the series of measures was during this administration, lar is the blanoe from being confined to ministers. It indeed be- longs chiefly to parliament, which by its approbation sanctioned their acts, and to the people themselves, of whom the greater part was eager for commencing and continuing the war. When the nation censures his burdensome and disastrous war,^ they must Kemembcr that it originated in themselves.*'

i B;8set*s George III. Vol. Ill- p. 3 31-

484 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

The followiDg complimeat by the elegant pen of Gibbon, m itt tbe Pre£K:e to his seventh volume^ Svo. of tb« Decline {md Fall of the Roman Empire: *' Were I ambitious (wys he), of any oUiot patron than the public, I would inscribe this work to a statesoaan, who, in a long, a stormy, and at length an unfortunate adaum- stration, had many political opponents, almost without a pesaooal enemy 5 who has retained, in his fall from power, many fiuthliii and disinterested friends 3 and who, under the pressure of aeveie infirmity, enjoys the lively vigour of his natnd, and the ielidty of his incomparable temper. Lord North will permit me to express the feelings of friendship in the language of truth: but even truth and friendship should be silent, if he still dispensed the JEivoors of the crown.*'

This amiable minister has also had the happiness to be thus re- corded in the beautiful language of his great opponent, Burke himself. '^ He was a n^n of admirable parts; of general know- ledge; of a versatile understanding fitted for every sort of busi- ness; of infinite wit and pleasantry ; of a dellghtfol temper, and with a mind most disinterested. But it would be ooly to degiido myself by a weak adulation, and not to honour the memory of a great man, to deny that he wanted something of the vij^lance and spirit of command that the time required.'*^

His Lordship died iVugust ^th, 1792.

On March 10» 1756, his Lordship was married to Anne, dmoigh* ter and coheir of George Speke, of White Lackingtoo, in the county of Somerset, Esq. by whom he had issue.

1. George- Augustus, the third Earl.

a. Fnncis, the present Earl.

3. Catharine- Anne, born February ]6th, 1760s married S^ Member 37th, 1739, to the Right Hon. Sylvester Douglas, Lord Glenbervie.

4. Aiine,born January 8th, 1764; married January 22d, 1 798, John, Lord Sheffield.

5. Frederick, bom February 7th, 1766, late Governor of the island of Ceylon.

-6. Charlotte, bom December 1770; married, April 1800, the Hon. Lieutenant-colonel John Lindsay, brother to Alexander Earl of Balcarras. 7. Dudley, bom May Slst, 1777> died June 18th, 1779* His Lordship was succeeded by his son, Georob-Avovstus,

^ Letter to a NoUe Lord oo tlie Dake of Bedford's Attack.

EARL OP GUILFORD. 465

the THIRD Earl, bom September llth, 1757; married, Septem- ber 30th, 1785, Maria, daughter of George, third Eari of Buck- inghamshire, by whom (who died April 23d, 1794), he had

Lady Maria,^ bom December 26th, 1703.

The Earl married, secondly, Susan, daughter of Thomas Coutts* Esq. and sister to the Marchioness of Bute, and Lady Burdett^ and has issue,

Ladj Susan ^ and Lady Georglana.'

Dying April 20th, 1802, he was succeeded by his brother,

Francis, fourth Earl of Guilford.

Hb Lordship was bom December 25th, 1761, and is a Lieute- nant-colonel in the army; High Steward of Banbury; and Patent Comptroller of the Customs. •

Titles. Francis North, Earl of Guilford, Lord North and Guilford.

Creations. Baron of Guilford, -by letters-patent, Septembei; 27th, 1683, 35 Car. II.; aud Eari of Guilford, by leUers-patent, April 8th, 1752, 25 George II,

Arms. Azure, a lion passant. Or, between^ threQ Fleurs-de-lis^ Argent.

CresL On a wreath, a dragon's head erased. Sable, ducaUy gorged and chained. Or.

Supporters* Two dragons, Ss^le, ducally goi^ged and chauied^ Or.

Motto, Animo rt Fidb.

Chief Seat. At Wroxton-Abbey, in the county of Oxford (the <^ seat at Catlage, in Cambridgeshire, being pulled down) ; and at Waldershare, in Kent,

1 Be(wef n these daughters the Bar9ry of North, being a barony mi fee, i« U a^fvanfie.

46^ PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

VORKE EAIiL OP HARDWICKE.

Ir is well kn<iwn, that this family, now flourisWiig in hoDoars and estates, owe their elevation to the great talents and integrity of Lord Chancellor Hardwicke, one of the most illustrious orna- ments that ever sat on the bench of British Justice. His own merit justly stands in the place of an host of ancestors. It has hitherto therefore been deemed sufficient to begin the pedigree with this great man. But it seems something like defrauding the dead of their rights, to withhold from them the honour of hav- ing produced so eminent a descendant. This false delicacy has had a diflferent effect from that which was intended. It has seemed to sanction silly rumours, which perhaps it was designed to suppress by a contemptuous silence. The family of this cele- brated nobleman, if of no particular lustre, either from titles or estates, was neither mean, insignificant in point of property, nor unrespectable in alliances. From them therefore, if he borrowed no splendour, from them he derived no disgrace.

Simon Yorke,* of Dover, in Kent, merchant, who had .a good landed property, died February 3d, 1082, aged sevenfy-six years, and was buried in the church of St. James, Dover.^ By Alice his wife, he had five sons, and one daughter. One of these sons was tlie father of Simon Yorke, Esq. who settled at Erihig, in Denbighshire} and dying July 28th, 1767, left issue the late Philip Yorke, of Erthig, Esq. F.A.S. a man not unknown to

« He it said to haye been born at Calne, in Wiltshire, in 1606, and suppoted ^ have come irom the North of England; and lo have been a. branch of the Vtjrkcs of Richmond, in Yorkshire.

^ Gent. Mag. Vol. LIX. p. 7o«.

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 48/

Ilteratore, who died February l^th, 1804^ set. 6\, having married July 2d, 1770, Elizabeth, sister to the late Lord Brownlow, by whom he had issue Simon Yorke, late M. P. for Grantham, 8z:c.

Philip Yorke, one of the sons of Simon, was bom about l65l, and practised' the law with good reputation at Dover. He mar- ried a lady of a family of ancient extraction in that county, and at that time well allied, and of very considerable property. This was Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Richard Gibbon, of Dover,^ Gent, who died August 2d, 1679, aged fifty-two. She was wi- dow of her. cousin* Edward Gibbon, Esq.^ eldest son (by the second wife), of Thomas Gibbon, Esq. of Westdiffe, near Dover. She survived till October 17th, 1727, at. 69, leaving issue by Um, who died June 18th> 1721, set. 70, one son and two daugh- ters; vie.

1. Philip.

2. wife of the Rev. Mr. Billingsly.

3. Mary, wife of Charles Valence Jones, Esq. She died Oc-

« His wife WIS Deborah StratfoW, who siinrived till July ad, 1719, aged ^hty-one $ so that the lired to see her grandson rising into faoie, he bavtaf been appointed Solicitor General on the 29th of March following. It cannot be exactly ascertained in what degree of relationship this Richard Gibbon stood to the Gibbons of Westdiffe, with which family his daughter first married 5 though it is known in that family that they were nearly allied. Probably Richard was a son, either of Matthew Gibbon, the elder, or Matthew Gibbon, the younger, of Soulton, in Westdiffe. The Lord Chancellor always quartered the Gibbon arms j as may be seen in the Middle Temple Hall, and under his prints.

d She had been second wife of Edward Gibbon, whose first wife was Martha, daughter of Sir John Roberts, Knt. by whom he had Jane, v/ife of John Brydges of Wootton, Esq. Barrister at Liw. Mrs. Yorke had by her first husband a son* who dieth a youth. As from this family of Gibbon descended another person, whose talents and literature have rendered his name conspicuous over all the po- lished nations of Europe, it may be proper to mention a few genealogical particu- lan of them. Thomas Gibbon, of Westdiffe, near Dover, Esq. born 1590, wag grandson of another Thomas, who purchased the manor of Westdiffe of Thomas Lord Borough, early in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and died in 1^96. Tho- mas, the grandson, was buried at Westdiffe, November i9tb, 1671, at the age of eighty-one. He had three wives ; Alice, the second, was sister to Dame Jane Maynard, wife of the celebrated lawyer, Sir John Maynard, who afterwards, at "the Revolution, was appointed one of the Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal, Matthew Gibbon, born 1642, one of the younger sons by this second wife, was father of Pdward Gibbon, Esq. a South-Sea Director, &c. who died 1736, leaving issue Edward Gibbon, of Boriton, in Hants, Esq. who died November loth, 1770, xt. 64, leaving an only son, the late celebrated Edward Gibbon, Esq. the Historka of the Dfflin* and Fail of th Rmmn Empire^ who died January i6tb, 1794-

48S P££RAG£ OF ENdLAND.

tober 6th» 1762, set. 67; iMi^og had itsue by him, who died Ji^ 1st 1737> St 38^ <mfi son, and two daughtefs.

Philip Yorke, the son, first £ael or Hasbwickb, wa» bom at Dover, December Ist, 1^^ Having recehied a wdl- grounded education in classical leaniii^» in which be is lepoited to have attained great skilly and to have retained his taste^ through his laborxoosy and fully-occupied life, he was early designed fot the profession of the fiar^ which was deemed not inconststeot with the competent landed estate to which he was hwJ For this pv^rpoae he was first put under the iostruction of an eminent Coo« T^ancer of the name of Salkeld; and at the same time was en- tered of the Middle Temple.^ Here he applied himself with such atnduity and soccess to the studies of his profioorioo, that he was called very young to the Bar; rose immediately into practice, and at the early age of twenty-nine years, attained the office of Solicitor General.

He served in three parliansents whilst a Commoner: first, for the borough of Lewes, in Sussex, in April 1719; and in the two ^Qoceediog Parliaments for Seaford. On March 2dd, 1719-20^ be was appointed Solid tor^Geoeral; and on June 13th, 172O, re* ceived the hooour of knighthood.

On January 3 Ist, 1723-4, he was constituted Attorney-Gene- ral, in which office he was continued by his late Majesty, till Ootober 31st, 1733, on which day he took upon him the d^ree of a Serjeant at Law; and by writ patent, under the great seal, bearing teste the same day, bis Majesty was pleased to constitute him Lord Chief-Justice of the Court of King*s^Bench, and to create him a Baron of Great Britain, as beforementioned, by let- ters patent, dated, at Westminster, November 23d following, by the title of Loan Habdwickb.

In that year be was chosen a Governor of the Cbarter-Hoose.

On February 21st, 1 736-7, his Majesty, in council, ddiveced the Great Seal to his Lordship, whereupon the oath of Lobd

* The followiog exquisite epigram it by tradkion ascribed to him, at wricten

to accompany the gift of an hare.

*' Mitco tibi leporem; gratos mlhi mitte lepores. Sal mea coxnmcndat munera ; vestra tales.'* ^ The present Earl ttti) reuios two Urge farms in the neighbourhood of Dotc^, which were dented from the Chancellor's ancestors.

S It is a family tradition, that the conduct of his progress to the Bar was ao« der the care and advice of Mr. John firydgci, of Gray's lon^ who had married hii ntar relatioo, J^ns Gikboo,

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 469

I^r«B CiUKCBLLOR of Great Britam was, by his Majesty's com* maad^ administered to him, and his Lordship took his place at the board accordingly.

On May 12th9 1740, he was nominated one of the Lords Jus* dees for the administration of the government daring his Majesty's absence: also on April 2]Bt, 1743) and in 1745. In 1746, be was appointed Lord High-Steward of England, for the trials of the Earls of Kilmarnock and Cromartie, and Lord Baltnerino ; and in 1747, for the trial of Lord Lovat. In 1748, he was agahi one of the Ix>rds Justices 5 and on Jnly 31st, 1749» unanimosisly chosen High-Steward of the university of Cambridge, on the re* signation of the Duke of Newcastle, who was elected Chancellory and the year afler was again one of the Lords Justices. Also on Maitrh 30th, 1752, his Lordship was appointed one of the Lords Justices for the administration of the government whilst the King visited his German dominions. And his Majesty, taking into consideration his long and eminent services, was pleased to ad- vance him to the titles of ^ VisanaU Rbyston, and Earl or Haxdwickb, by letters-patent, bearing date April 2d, 1754.

His Lordship depsurted this life, in the sevoDty-fotuth year of his age, at his house in Grosveuor-square, Londoh, on Tuesday, March 6th, 17^4, at a quarter after thrcQ in the afternoon; and, on the 25th of that month, his corpse was buried, near that of his Countess,. at Wimpole, in Cambridgeshire. On the day after hi* death, there appeared an account of his Lordship*8 office^ and promotions (already tak^ notice of), with this character:! ' Th« reputation with which he filled that seat of judicature [the King*» Bench], could only be equalled by that with which he afterwards discharged the office of Lord High-Chancellor, when called to it on the decease of Lord Talbot, in February, 1736-7: and it is no small evidence of the acknowledged abilities and integrity, with which he presided in the Court of Chancery, that, during the apace of near twenty years, in which he sat there, a period longer than that of any of his predecessors, since Lord Chancellor Eger" ton, only three of his decrees were appealed from, and those after- wards confirmed by the House of Lords. His resignation of the Great Seal, in November, 1756, gave an universal concern to tbd nation, however divided at that time in other respects^ but be still continued to serve the public in a more private station, with an unimpaired vigour of mind, which he enjoyed under a long and severe indisposition, till his latest moments.

*» Bin. Sianit. 27 George II. > Public Advenistr, No. 9I5^

4§0 PEERAGE OF ENGLANtl.

^ His talents as a speaker in the senate^ as well as on.tb^ bench, have left too strong an impression to need being dilated apon; and those^ as a writer, were such as might be expected from one, who had eaxiy distinguished himself in that character in The Spectator. His private virtues^ amiableness 6f manners^ and extent and variety of knowledge, were as much esteemed and admired, by those who had the honour and happiness of his ac- quaintance, as his superior abilities were by the nation in general. In bis public character, wisdom, experience, probity, temper, oandoar, and moderation, were so happily united, that his death, in the then situation of affairs, was reckoned a loss to his countty as unseasonable as important.*

^ His Lordship, at the time of his decease, besides being a Privy^ counsellor, was High Steward of the university of Cambridge, Fallow of the Royal Society, Doctor of Laws, one of the Trustees of the British Museum, one of the Governors of the Charter- bouse, second Vice-president of St. George's Hospital, and Re- corder of Dover, the place of his nativity.

" This great lawyer (says Coxe), who sat so long, and with so distinguished a character for integrity and knowledge, at the head of the law, had raised himself solely by his eminent talents. — ^The style of his eloquence was more adapted to the House of Lords> than the House of Commons. The tone of his voice was pleasing and melodious -, his manner was placid and digniBed. — Precision qf arrangement, closeness of argument, fluency of ex- pression, elegance of diction, great knowledge of the subject on which he spoke, were his particular charactjcristics. He seldom rose into great animation; his chief aim was more to convince than amuse; to appeal to the judgment, rather than the feelings of his auditors. He possessed a perfect command oyer himself; and his even temper was never ruffled by petulant opposition, or malignant invective.'*

His Lordship married Margaret,*^ one of the daughters of Charles Cocks, of the city of Worcester, Esq. and Mary his wife, eldest •bter of John, Lord Somers, Lord High Chancellor of England in the reign of King William III. and by her Ladyship, who died on September 19th, 1761, had issue five sons, and two daugh- ters.

1. Philip, second Earl of Hardwicke.

2. Charles, of Liucoln's-Inn; a man of almost equal eminence

k She was thena wido^» %%tf Na$K » IFprcuUrttirt,

EARL OF HARDWICK8/ 49L

with his father, whose steps he feitowed in attaiDiDg the highest honours of his professioD ; bat of him hereafter^ as father to the present £ari.

3. Sir Joseph^ Lord Dover, who was Captain of a company in ihe first regiment of foot gaards^ with the rank of Lieuten^t- Colond, and Aid de Camp to his Roya} Highness the Duke^ at the battle of Fontenoy, May 1 ith, 1745, N. S. On March I8tb^ 1755, he was appointed Colonel of the 9th regiment of foot, and afterwards Colonel of the 5th, or Royal Irish regiment of dragoons. On January 18th, 1758^ he was appointed a Major-Greneral ; on December 11 th, 17OO, was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-^ General; and on August 29tfa, 1777, to that of General. He accompanied the late Earl of Albemarle a! Secretary of embassy, when his Lordship went in 1749, Ambassador Extraordinary to the Court of France ^ and, being Aid de Camp to his late Ma- jesty, he was in September, 1751, nominated Minister Pienipo-> tentiary to the Sta tcs- General ,• in which character he resided generally at the Hague, until the present King was pleased, on August 4th, 1761, to constitute him Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the same republic 5 having been, on April 24th, that year, appmnted one of the three Ministters Plenipoten- tiary, on the part of his Britannic Majesty, to the intended Con- gress at Augsburg, for a general pacification. On April llth^ J 761, -he was elected a Knight Companion of the most honour- able Order of the Bath, and installed on May 26th following; sworn of his Majesty's most Honourable Privy-council on June, 1768. He served in the lOthand 11th Parliaments of Great Bri- tain, for East Grinsted; and as one of the Barons for t^ town -and port of Dover, and in 1774, represented the borough of Grampound, in Cornwall. He was afterwards a Knight of the Bath, General, and finally Field-marshal in the army. Colonel of the first regiment of life guards. He continued Envoy Extraor- dinary and Ambassador at the Hague, from November 1/51, to to December 25th, 178O. He married, June 22d, 1783, the dowager Baroness de Boetzalaer, widow of the Baron de Boetza^ laer, first noble of the province of Holland, and was created a Peer by the title of Babon DoveH, September 11th, 1788, but dying without issue, December 2d, 1792, the title became extinct.

4. John, who wasvClerk of the Crown, for life, patentee for making out commissions of Bankruptcy, Member of Parliament for Ryegate, and F.R.S. He died in January, lyOg-, having married Elizabeth, only daughter of Reginald Lygon, of Madres^

dgtk PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

tdA, in Woreeflenhii^y Esq. tod by her, who died Jolj l^di, 1766, bad a daoghter, Jemiina, born on Jane l9t, lyOB, msrried JNovember 18th^ 17S4, the Right Hon. Reginald Pole Caiev^ and ^ed leCHy leaving issue fay him.

^. The Reverend and HononraUe James Yorke> ardained at Cambridge in April 1754 1 and soon after, on a vaca&cy^ iMRie at iVebend of Bristol, and Rector of Great Honley, in Enem* Hd waa, in July, 1756, made Canon of WindaoT) on Jannaty 2Bd, 17^, was promoted to the Deanry of Lincoln; and then to the Bishopric of St. David's, from whence he was translated to GIoch oester; and thence, in 1781, to Ely. On June 29th, 17G2, he wedded Mary, daughter of Dr. Isaac Maddox, late Bishop of Wbr<« cester, by whom he had issue, Charles-Isaac, bom May I4th^ 1764> died November 11th, 179I; Joseph, bom in 17^5, mar* ried, November 17th, 1800, Catharine, daughter of James Cocksj Esq.} James, bom July 27tb, 17^; and Philip, in holy orders, Arebendaiy of Ely, bom in March 1771* married, December ^797 i to the Honourable Anna-Maria Cocks, youngest danghtef of Charles* first Lord Somers: and three daughters; JIforgnet, bom June 11 tb, 1763, married. May lOtb, 1 788, Thomas Wad- dington» D. D. Prebendary of Ely, and Rector of NorthWold, in Norfolk, died July 2d, I8OO5 Mary, born October 11th, 1767^ died July 5th, 1795; Elizabeth, born 177^, married, Febraary 1798, to John Buller, Esq. of Morval, Cornwall. The Bishop died 1808.

His Lordship's two daughters were. Lady Elizabeth, who was

married to George Lord Anson, and dicdi>n June 1st, I760f and

Lady Margaret, for whom is an elegant marble monument in

' Normanton Church, Rutlandshire. She married Sir Gilbert Heatii-

cote;, Bart, on June 22d, 1749, and died in childbed, August igA,

1709.

Philip, his eldest son, sbcoitd Earl op Hardwickb, 00 De- eember I4th, 1738, was appointed one of the Tellers of the Ex* chequer.

On May 22d, 1740, be was married to the Lady Jemima Campbell, only daughter of Jobp, Earl of Breadalbin, by the Lady Amabel Grey, eldest daughter and coheir of Henry de Grey, late Duke of Kent, by whom he had two daughters.

Lady Amabel, borti on January 22d, 17^0-1, and married July 16th, 1772, to Alexander Hume Campbell (eldest son to the hm Earl of Marchmont), created Lord Hume of Berwick^ who dM S.P, inF«l?ruary, 1781.

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 4^3

a, IsAy Jemima^ bom on February 9<h, 1756^ married^ Aa» gtist l7tb, 178O, Thomas, second Lprd Graotham, hj whom she hwi the present Lord Q.

Their aiother, by descent from his Grace the said Doke oC^ * Kent, was Baroness Lucas, of Crudwell, and Marchioness de

His Lordship was retnrned a Member for Rjegate, in the Par* liamoit smmnoned to meet on June 25th, 1741 1 as ako in tho PQOceedwg Parliament^ which sat first on business November 12tfai U*47i but, being then chosen fcur Cambridgeshire^ he made hia election four that county, and continued to serve for die same till lie sQCoc^ded to the peerage on the death of his father, on March (Hh, 17^4. Having been pr^nt at Cambridge, at the instalment of his Grace the Duke of Newcastle^ Chancellor of the Univer^ aity> he^ on Monday after, July 3d, 1749, was admitted to th« d^^ree of Doctor of Laws. His Lordship was, on December I7th4 1760, sworn of his present Majesty's Privy -council, and took hia place at the Joard accordingly. He was also Lord Lieutenant and Gustos Rot«ilorum of Cambridgeshire, High Steward of the university of Cambridge^ Fellow of the Royal Society^ and one of the Trustees of the British Museum.

Mr, Adolphus has, in the British Cabinet, accompanied the portrait of his Lordship with the following memoir:

** He received his education at Bennet College, Cambridge, iwder the care of Dr. Salter, afterwards Master of the Charter House 3 and with a degree of assiduity and perseverance, not common in persons of rank, applied himself to those branches of aq^ice and literature, which may be cultivated with so much ad- vantage in that university.

*' During the latter part of his residence in CoU^, a work was undertaken by his Lordship, assisted by some of hia cotem* poraries, which is a proof of the learning and taste of the literary aocie^ to which he belonged. It is entitled. The Athenian Lei^ iersj and was first published for general circulation in 1709^ though it had long been distributed among his Lordship's friends; and. was allowed to be a work of considerable merit, particularly vhei^ it is recdlected, that the persons who bore the greatest share of it, the late Earl of Hardwicke, and his brother, Mr. C. Torke, were at that time extremely young men.

'' Though Lord Hardwicke was a good classical scholar, and liad read the best works of ancient and modern litecfttme, jet

494 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the object to whicb^ from the early period of his jMitfa, he mast particularly directed his attention, was modern history. He puln lished The Correspondence of Sir Dudley Carleion, Ambassador to the States General daring the reign of James I. and pr^xed to it an historical preface, containing an account of the roanyim* portant negotiations carried on during that period. In }779> he published two volumes of State Papers, selected from the collec- tions at the Paper Oflice and the British Museum, as well as fh>m his own valuable collection ; and if his health and vigour h«d not declined in the latter years of his life, it is probable he would have made further additions to the stores of history.

'' The infirm state of his Lordship's health, combined with a& attachment to literary pursuits, prevented hun from plunging very deep into the stream of practical politics. He htfd the ho-' noor, however, of a seat in the Cabinet, during the existence of that sbort-ltved adihinistration in 17^5, of which Lord Rocking- ham was at the head; but without any salary or official situation,- which, though repeatedly offered, he never would accept V*

His Lordship died May l6th, 1 790, «t. 70. He was succeeded in his Earidom "> by his nephew, Philip, eldest son of his next bro-'' ther, Charles, already mentioned, of whom it will now be proper to spealL more at large.

Chables Yorkc, second son of Lord Chancellor Hardwicke,! bom 1722, was educated at Bene't Collie, Cambridge, and at Lincoln's Inn 5 and jointly with his brother, had the office of Clerk of the Crown conferred on them, June 27th, 20 George II. He was chosen Member for Ryegate, to the parliament whidr met, first on business, November 12th, 1747, and continued after- wards to be elected for the same borough. On November 6thj, 1756, he was appointed Solicitor General 5 and on December 27th, 17^1> Attorney General; but resigned it on November 2d; 1763. In January 1770, he was appointed Loan Chancellor) and a patent was ordered to be made out, creating him a Peer, by the title of Baron Mordbn ; but a few days before the patent could be completed, he suddenly closed his "valuable life, at th^ age of forty-eight.

Of this truly ingenious, and very excellent man, whose life must have furnished so many materials for the most interesthig biography, a full and entire memoir is, I believe, still wanting.

•B The magnificent teat at Wrest, in Bedfordshire, with the appenaant ettita* of the Dukes of Kent, which came by his wife, went of course to hit dau^^h* ters.

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 4g5

Having accq>ted» as it is said, the Seals at the urgent entreaty of bis Sovereign, his acute sensibility was so stnick on his return home, at the cold and averted looks of his party, who being in strcng opposition to the Court, disapproved the step he had taken, that in the first poignant agonies of chagrin and despair, he went home and died.

'^ Charles Yorke had (says Adolphus), studied the laws snd constitution of hb country, and their application to the sdenoe of politics, in the best school of the age j and was no less eminent at the Bar, than in the estimation ^ the most enlightened states- meu} his extensive literary acquirements; hi/great abilities; and the integrity of his character, were well known, and universally respected. His probable elevation to the dignity of Chancellor^ had been long contemplated with hope and expectation by th« public; and consequently his death was considered highly preju* dicial to the interest of the nation $ as, had he lived, a more firm and oon^ehensive system of administration might have been formed, and wiser and more conciliatory measures adopted to* wards the American Colonies.*'

The d^icate touches of his character require the pen of one Dot only able, but at leisure, and furnished with private materials* Hex was not merely a lawyer, and a statesman, but had both a taste and a genius for almost the whole circle of literature. He had an intimate and confidential correspondence with many of his cotemporaries most distinguished for intellectual powers and ac- quirements. With Bishop Warburton he corresponded at the age of twenty, on the subjects of some of his profoundest works. In one of these early letters (1742), the following passage claims insertion, as a striking and beautiful trait of him : *^ Your cor* respondence (says he), is exceedingly acceptable to me. When I am conversing with you on subjects of literature or ingenuity, I forget that I have any remote interest in what is going forward jn the world, nor desire in any time of life to be an actor In par- ties; or, as it is called somewhere, subire tempestates reipullic^. But -when I find every body inquiring to-day concerning the re* port of the Secret Committee yesterday, this passion for still life vanishes; agilis Jio, et mersor civilibus undis,' How naturally and strongly does this pourtray that struggle between the love of quiet, and the fiame of ambition, which characterizes minds of high capacity !

His active life did not leave him much leisure for authorship;

4^ PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

bat bis |>amphlet, eontaining Considerations on ike Law of fhr* feUurefw High Treason, first published 1745, has gone tbtoogh •ereral editions."

His talents for poetry were fiar from inconsiderable.

lo shorty few men more able or more amiable^ have adorDe<i the Bar, than this accomplished and gentle-tempered roan ; ia whom were mingled so many brilliant and so many kindly quali- i\m, that the nation felt an nniversal regret at his thus prema- turely fallii^ a sacrifice to too nice a sense of honour.

He married, first, Catharine, daughter and heir of the Her. Dr. William Freeman, 5f Haomiels, in Hertfordshire, by Catharine, daughter of Sir Thomas Pope Blount,^ Bart, of Tittenhanger, in the same county, and by her, who died on July 10th, 1759^, had two daughters, who died infants ; and Philip, son and hdr, nov Earl of Hardwicke.

He married, secondly, Agneta, one of the daughters and co- heixesscs of Henry Johnson, Esq. of Great Berkhamstead, in tierts, by whom he had issue,

2. The Right Hon. Charles Yorke, bom March 12th, 1764, who having been educated at Cambridge, and the Bar, was re- turned M. P. for the county of Cambridge, in l^go, 1796, 1602, I8O6, and I8O7. Iq 1801 he held under the Addington Admi- mttration the pbce of Secretary at War; which office he dis- charged with much industry and ability; and in Aug. 1803, Se- cretary of State for the Home Department, which he held till May 1804. His talents from his very early years raised great ex- pectations; and the part he has taken in parliament carries great weight with it, on account of the manliness of his character, hit integrity, and freedom from factious politics. He married, Jdjr

" It appears froofi Bishop Warbiirton*s Letters, that in 1752> ** he Qanowlj escaped with his life'* from a fire at Lincoln's Ion. ** Thit maScet me (a4dt the Bishop), think all the rest a trifle : though he has lost (together with excel* lent chambers of his own), an excellent library ; and what is irreparable, all the Sttte Papers of his great uncle. Lord Somen, in thirty or forty Tolumea in falio, full •f Ytry material Unligs for the hi«tory of those times ; which I speak tipon my own knowledge/*

c* Descended from the celebrated Sir Henry Blouat, the traveller, who mar- vied the wHow of Sir William Mainwaring, who fell on the walla of Chester^ 164$, and was father by her, of Sir Thomas Pope Blount, Bart, the author of Centura AMihorwn Celfhriurum, Sec,

P Bishop Warburton says to Bishop Hurd, <' Mr. Yorke has hid an ezceedbjg great lots in a very amiable wife. I lament for him and her.'*

EARL OP HARDWICKE. 4p7

1st, 1790, Miss Harriot Manaingham, sister to Major-General Madningham -, but has no issue.

3. Sir Joseph Yorke, Kot. bom June 6th, 1766; promoted to be a Post-captain in the Navy, in 1793; and now commands the Christian the FIL of 80 guns. He married in April, 1798, Miss Rattray; and has issue a son^ Charles Philip, born in Aprils 1779.

4. Caroline, born August 29tb, 1765, married September 9th, 1790, John, second Lord Eliot.i

Philip, eldest son, succeeded his uncle as third Earl ov Hardwickb. He was bom May 3lst, 1757, and was educated at Queen's College, Cambridge; and was afterwards returned M. P. for the county of Cambridge, 178O, and 1784.

In 1801 his Lordship was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ire- land, which he held till 1805. In 1803 he was also honoured with the Order of the Garter.

His Lordship is also Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the county of Cambridge, High Steward of Cambridge Uniyer*' sitj^ Register of the Court of Admiralty, F. R. and A. S. and J.L.D.

He married, July 24th, 1782, Lady Elizabeth Lindsay, daugh* ter of Jan^es, fifth Earl of Balcarras, by whom he has issue^

Anne, born April 13th, 1783; married, August 29th, 1807# John, Viscount Pollington, son of the Earl of Mexborough. '

Philip, Viscount Royston, born May 7th, 1784j drowned nea^ Memel, April 7th, 1808.

Catharine Freman, bora April 1 4th, 1786.

Elizabeth-Margaret, born January ]4th^ 17S9*

Caroline Harriet, bora October 15th, 1794.

Charles James, Viscount Royston, born July 15tb^ 1797*

^osephrJohn, born August 20th^ 1800.

Titles. Philip Yorkc, Earl of Hardwickc, Viscount Royston^ Lord Hardwicke, and Baron of Hardwicke.

Creations. Baron Hardwicke, of Hardwicke, in the county of Gloucester, November 23d, 1733, 7 George II.5 Viscount Royston, and Earl of Hardwicke, April 2d, 1754, 27 George II.

Arms. Argent, on a Saltire, Azure, a Bezant.

4 They were related. Hit mother was the daughter of Edward EUittoo» Esq. bj the aunt of Edward Gibbon, the Historian \ and of this £siiiilj» it has beea akeadj shewn^ was Lord Chancellor Hardtricke's mother. YOI*. IV. S K

496 P££RAGE OF £NGLAND.

Crest, On ^ wreath of the colours^ a lion*s head erased proper> collared Gules^ charged with a Bezant.

Supporters. On the dexter side^ a lion gardant^ Or> collared Gnles^ charged Midth a Bezant* On the sinister side, a stag pro* per> attired )suid ungoled, Or^ and collared in like niaDner.

Motto, NeC CUPIAS^ NBC MBTUAS.

Chief Seats, At Wimpole, in Cambridgeshire: and at Hao^ mels^ and TittcnhaDgq:;^ in Hertfordshire^

EARL OF DARUNGTON. 499

VANE EARL OF DARUNGTON.

JIaving in part treated of his Lordship's ancestors, under the title of Fane, Earl of Westmoreland j and therein shewn the ori- ginal name to be Vane\ when it varied, &c. ^Iso observed, that from Richard Fane, Esq. the Earl of Westmorland derived his descent > and that John, his brother, was ancestor to the present Earl of Darlington, and son (as I have by undoubted evidence proved), of John Vane, Es-^. who first took the name of Fane, and died in 13 Henry. VII. as by his last will and testament, and the probate thereof, appears ^ * wherein he writes himself John Fane, of Tunbridge, Esq,

I shall DOW proceed to treat of the said John his son; who also wrote his name Fane; and his father, by his said will, left him the lands and tenements called Hollynden; and other lands as«gned to him by deed of fee-simple, bearing date on April 1st, preceding the making of the said will. Also by the gift of Henry Fane, of Hadloe, his elder brother, who died without issue (as I have shewn under the title of Westmorland), he had his lands lying in Great Peckham, in Kent; and, after the decease oC Alice, the wife of the said Henry Fane, all the lands that she held in jointure. And, by the entail on him of the manor and mansion of Hadloe, with the lands thereunto belonging, was possessed thereof in 4 Edward VI. when Sir Ralph Vane was beheaded, leaving no issue. The time of his decease I do not find; but ^ by Joan his wife, daughter and coheur of Edward Haute, Esq. he bad two sons, Heniy and Richard,"" both mentioned in the will of

* £x Regitt. Yocat. Milks, q. 77» in Cor. Praerog. Cantuar.

^ Viait de Com. Kant, 0. 12, ia Offic. Armor.

^ £x Regiit. Hegen, Qu« 4.

500 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

their uncle Henry Fane, Esq. in 25 Henry VIII. j also another SOB, Thomas, of Winchelsea, recited in the will of Henry, his brother, as will hereafter appear.

Which Henbt Fane, his eldest spn, was written of HadUe, Esq. After the decease of his father, he was unwar^y drawp into that insurrection under Sir Thomas Wyat^ to prevent the mar<r riage of Queen Mary with Philip Prince of Spain. On his defeat be was ^ committed prisoner to the Tower, on February 7th j but bis youth being considered, he was among those that had their pardon, and was released out of the Tower on March 24th foU lowing. He was e^uc^ted in the reformed religion, the whole family being early prqfessprs of it; and (lis kinsman Thomas Fane» Esq. (after knighted), father of Francis, first Earl of Westmor- land, was also in Wyat's rebellion, and a warrant sent to the sheriff of Kent for his execution, with three others:^ but tb^ Chieen, at her manor of St. James, on March 18th, J 554, in the first year of her reign, sent orders to Stephen (Gardiner) Bishop of Winchester, Chancellor of England, to cause writs of super<< sedeas, to the sheriff of Kent> not to proceed to his execution,^ having compassipn on (lis youth.

In the two first p^liamepts pf Queen Elizabeth, this Heniy ^jvas returned for the cinque port of Winchelsea) and his abilities were so conspicuous, that he was* one of the leaditig members of the House of Commons^ as their Journals shew.

He had ever been a steady assertor of the reformed religion} and his last will and testament shews his piety, learning, and re- fined qualities : which containing sonie remarkable particulars, \ shall insert part o^i it in his own words :

'* The pnc ^nd twcr^ticth day of January, in the twentieth year of tl^e reign of pur Sovereign Queen Elizal^th, I Henry Fane, of IJadlowp, in the county of Kent. Esq. calling to piy re- membrance, and ac^nowledgjing the maqyfold benefits and graces wherewith it hath pleased God, of l^is infinity mercy, most abun* dantly to bless and enrich n^e^ inost unworthy and sinful cr^- ture; and further knowing and seeing by daily experience, thai nothing is moi:e certain than death, and tlie return of all flesh into dust from whence it came : and yet is there nothing more uncertain than the time or place, when and how it is the pleasure pf the Almighty to call} apd therefore a thing both expedient an^

i Stow'i Annalf, p. (aa, 613. t Rymer*t Foedera, Vol XV. p. 373^

C £x Rcgitt. Rowe, Not. €$f Qo. ^, in Cm. Pneiog. Cantoar.

EARL OP DARLINGTON. Ml

*inost necessary for all men to provide themselves, and be ever in readiness; first towards God^ by beany and nnfeigned lepent* ance, and tme faith in him; and then to the world, by due satis- faction and reconcilement, whereinsoever our conscience appealeth as guilty; and also forgiving our brothers, as we desire our hea* yenly father to forgive us; and> lastly> to the intent that we may leave and establish peace and love amongst all men, and espe- cially our children and posterity, it behoveth all men by writing to dispote> devise, and publish their intent, meaning, and determi- nation, concerning the order of their lands^ goods, and other things whatsoever, the use and disposition whereof it hath pleased our good God to grant us, during our abckle in this variable world. Wherefore I the said Henry Fane, being in good and perfect memory^ thanked be God, and often revolving these and other just and good causes and considerations, have thought it convenient, at this present time, to make, declare, and finish, (his my last will and testament^ in manner and form following, vi«i

'' Iii the name of God, Amen. I Henry Fane do confess and protest myself a most grievous and penitent sinner, trusting to be saved by the death and pasdon of my Redeemer Jesus Christ, of whom only I crave, and faithfully hope to receive, all forgiveness through his mercy and grace; and therefore yield and commit myself, both body and soul» into his omnipotent bands, both now and ever. Amen. Also my will is, that my body shall be buried in such order, time, and place, as shall seem best to my executor and overseers, or any of them, to whom, in like sort, I grant au- thority to give to the poor people of Hadlowe such money as they shall think mebte. Also I give and bequeath to my dear friend, my Lady Ellin Somerset, a ring with a Turky stone there-* in, now in the custody of my cousin Mary Ashburnham, desiring my Lady to keep and wear it for my sake. Also I will to my cousin Thomas Fane, of Buston, her husband, my damask go<vn, desiring him to accept and wear it for my sake. Also I mW to William Manley, my servant, three pounds yearly, out of my lands in Hadlbwe, for so many years as he shall serve my son Henry,'

After which, he bequeaths to Henry Fane, his nephew, son of bis brother Richard Fane, an annuity out of his lands, &c. in Hadlowe, during his life; then bequeaths to his son Henry Fane, ^hen he accomplishes the age of twenty-two years, and to hi0 heirs for ever^ all bis manors^ lands, ttoements^ &c. and^ if hti

502 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

deceased without hetrs of his bodjr» he then entaiieth them oo his nephew Thomas Fane> son of his brother Thomas Fane^ of Win- chelsea, and to the heirs male of hia body; in default, to his bro- ther Richard Faue, and the heirs of hb Ixxiy. After which he thus expresses himself:

' Also my will, desire, and request is, that it will please the Right Hoooorable, and my especial good Lord, and ever assured IHeod, my Lord Cobbam, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, to accept my son Henry Fane, into his rule, order, and government^ ontil my said son shall accomplish the age of twenty-two years: and I will and charge my said son to continue and shew himself alwa3rs obedient and willing to be ruled, ordered, and directed by my said Lord, whom, I protest, I have, during all my Hfe, honoured and loved above all men ; and 1 trust my son will fol- low his father's steps, and do the like. Also my will and mind is, that as well my lease that I have of Sir John RiverB, Knt. of part of the parsonage of Hadlowe, as also all other my leases, writings, and evidences, plate, household furniture, whatsoever; shall entirely remain to be in the custody of my cousin Thomas Fane, of Buston, whom I make my overseer, until my said son shall attain to the age of two and twenty years: at which time my will is, that he shall redeliver them, with a just and true ac« count (all his reasonable charges allowed and deducted), to my said son Henry, or his assigns. Also I give to my brother Richard Pane, all the money he oweth me. Finally, I ordain my son Henry, my sole and only executor, &c.*

The probate bears date on February 4th, 1582, when Hemy Fane, his son, administered.

The inquisition taken at Deptford, after his decease, s shews^ that he died on June nth, in 22 Elizabeth, and that Henry, his son and heir, was then twenty years of age and more, and mar« ried to Mary, only daughter and heir of Thomas Fane, of Buston, Esq. the overseer of his fether*8 will* His mother, Elizabeth, daughter of *— Godsalve, Esq. died before his father, leaving him, the said Henry, surviving.

Which Henry Fane, of Hadlowe, Esq. was likewise a judi- cious and accomplished gentleman. His wife Mary^ before- mentioned, died without leaving issue by iam^^ so that, in 2/ Elizabeth^ he took to his second wife Bto^garet, daughter of Rogel: Twisdcn> of East-Pcdtham, in Kent, Esq. In 1588, the me-

S Escaet. Lib. $, M,S. not 6i, A. i6, in Bib. Harley. ^ Sscaet. Lib. 2. M.S. not. 6I9 A« 13, in BM* Hark/.

EARL OF DARUNGTON. 503

morable j6ar of the Spanish invasion^ he repaired to the camp of l^bury; with the aid of his friends and dependants,^ the cocmty * of Kent having supplied a hundred and fifty horse^ and fire thou^- sand foot, which was more than anj other county, except Mid-^- diesex, did. Having been thereby seasoned in a military life, he ' hflld a command in those forces sent to the assistance of Henry IV. the French King, particularly in 15Q5, when, before he embarked, he made his wiU, dated on September 4th, the same yean And that he was in France the year after, is evident from the codicil to his will, which b^ars date at Roan, on October 13th, 1596; and that he died there the day after, the inquisition shews, taken on 1ms decease, as customary in those times. By his said will, dnd other circumstances, it appears that he followed his father's example, both in his pious disposition, integrity, and honourable principles. 1 shall therefore, as a proof thereof, give pskrt of it iii his own words.

Writing himself of Hadlowe, in the county of Kent, Esq. h^ recites :^ ' That since it hath pleased God, of his great mercy* and love, to bless me, and Margaret my now wife, with font children; that is to Say, tw6 Sons and two daughters already bom, and the fifth child likely to be bom, if it please the Lord to send! my wife safe deliverance 5 my will and meaning is, according to the warrant and commandment of our Lord to the good king He« zekiah, pronounced by the mouth of the prophet Isaiah, That he should, before his death, put his house in orders my meaning isi I say, to provide for my said wife and children, and to order and dispose of my goods and lands j and being now of good and per-^ feet memory, do make, declare, and finish this my last will and testament, in manner and form following. In the name of Grod; Amen, my will is, that my body shall be buried m such order, time, and place, as shall seem best to my executor and overseers; Also my will is, that my most dear and entirely beloved Thomai Fane, of Buston> Esq. father of my first wife while she lived, and Roger Twisden, of Peckham, Esq. my dear and well-beloved fether-in-law, whom I constitute overseers of this my last will dtid testament; that th^, the said lliomas and Roger, shall take; or cause to be taken, after my decea^, a true invetitoiy of all my plate, household^stufi; and furniture of household, at Hadlowe; ilild shall equally and indiflTerently, according to their discretions^

1 Sttm^s Aiwali, p. 747* ^ Ex Regiit; Tocat* C^bhts/io cor^Fniroft Cant. Qu. S>

504 T££RAGE OF ENGLAND.

divide them between Margaret^ mj well beloved wife^ and Henrjr Fane« my son. All the rest of my goods^ &c. J bequeath to the said Margaret^ my wife^ whom I make my sole executrix. And my will is, that Thomas Fane, and Roger Twisden, overseers of my Willi shall receive and employ two parts of all the profits of my rents, of all and singular my manors, hods, 8cc, within the realm of England (my wife s jointure excepted), and divide into three equal parts x first for the payment of my debts, next satis- fying my legacies and funeral, then for the bringing up and edu- cation of all my children; lastly, for the necessary repairing of all my houses, and for the defence of my manors, lands, Sec, if any question or controversy should be unjustly moved/

After which he wills, that his said wife shall dwell in his man- sion-house of Hadlowe, till his son Henry accomplish the full age of twenty-one years, and have the occupation of the lands there- UDto belonging. He bequeaths, to each of his two daughters, Eleanor and Elizabeth, four hundred pounds at their marriage, or at twenty-one years : and if the child his wife goeth on be a daughter, four hundred pounds; but if a son, an annuity of forty marks a year, to him and his heirs for ever, to be paid out g( all his lands lying in Hadlowe. He bequeaths to his son, Ralph Fane, all those lands called by the name of Stiles, purchased of Thomas Darell, of Scotney, Esq. to him and his heirs for ever: but that his overseer^ shall have two parts of his said lands, till Henry, his son and heir, shall attain the age of twenty-one years, and then deliver up the writings to.him, and his heirs for ever.

Finally, he bequeaths to the said Henry, his son and heir, all the residue of hb manors, lands, &c. whatsoever in England, to* gether with the reversion of the said parts, appointed to his said overseers. And by a codicil, dated at Roan, October 13th, 1596, whereunto Thomas Milles, Percival Hart, and Edward Russel, were witnesses, he recites, * That whereas he is indebted to his loving and kind father-in-law, Thomas Fane, Esq. in two hun- dred pounds, whereof one hundred he hath no specialty; and to his loving cousin Richard Fane, in two hundred marks, for the which he hath no specialty; and to his cousin Henry Fane, bro- ther to the said Richard, in twenty-two pounds, for the wluch he hath also nothing to shew; he orders his overseers to discharge those sums/ The probate bears date May 4th, 1597, and Mar- garct, his relict, had administration granted to her.

By the inquisition taken at Greenwich, on November 13th> 38

EARL OF Darlington. 50&

Elk. after his decease,' the jury fcmnd that he died at Roan^ in France, on October I4tb last; aod that Henry was his son and heir (by Margaret his wife, daughter of Roger Twisden, of East-^ Peckhaoi, Esq. whom he tnarried in 2/ Eliz.), and of the age of seven years on February 16th last, and Ralph Fane> his second SOD; and that be died seised, besides his manor and mansion of Hadlo^ilie, &c. of the manors of Shiphmtmt, alias Shibbome, with the appurtenances, parcel of the priory of Dartford, in Shibbome and Wroteham; of Shibbom, alias Pnddenharo, parcel of .the priory of Tunbridge, with the rectory of the chapel of Shibbome, parcel of the priory of St. John's of Jerusalem, in England; of the manors of Goodins, alias Fromonds; Crowbery, alias Crowe* bery ; and of CaAinston, alias Cawnstons ; all in Kent, and -de« tcended to the said Henry, his son and heir.

Which Sir Hbnry assumed ihe ancient name of bis ancestordj writing himself Henry Vane, and his posterity have continued so to do ever since. He removed his principal residence into the North, and was seated at Rahy Castle, in the county of Durham,^ and had the honour of knighthood conferred on him, in the seven- venteenth year of his age, by King James I.*» at Whitehall, on March 28th, 1611; afler which he improved himself by travel, and a knowleidge of foreign languages.

In 12 King James L he was returned one of the members^ for the city of Carlisle ,* he was also elected for the same county to the succeeding parliament; in these parliaments his abilities were •o conspicuous, as also his affection to the royal family, that King James made him Cofferer p to his son, Charles Prince of Wales^

I Estaet. Lib. 2. not. 61, A 13, and Lib. j, not. 61, A 61, A x6, in BibL Harley.

n Raby Castle was the chief residence of the great family of Neville, Earls of Westmorland, and was probably among the estates forfeited for the rebellion in the North by Charles, the last Earl, ia the reign of Queen Elizabeth; It must bare come to Sir Henry Vane by purchase, or grant from the Crown. He bad no blood of the Nerilks, though his cousin. Sir Thomas Fane, had married the bcirest of another branch of that illustrious house, whence his soa, when made an Earl, toolt the title of Earl of Westmorland. Perhaps, as be was a vain man, this coincidence made him particularly desirous of obtaining the title of Barm vf

n Philpot's Caul, of Knights.

o Willises Notit. Parliament, p. 167, i68.

P The present Editor feels himself bound to let the account of Sir Henry Vaoif

stand as it appeared in former editions ; because the facts seem to rest on autho-

fflttcf which cannot be disputed. But if Lord Clsrendon*s Characters may be •

500 PEERAGE OP ENGLAND.

on the establiftbment of his homehold i tad he was condriued in the said office by King Charles I. on his accession to the throne, who sent him to notify, to the Sutes of Holland, the death of his tof^X father } from whence he returned in Jane, 1626.*^

He was, Maj 30th, 1@25, in commission (bearing the title of Cofibrer of the hooMhoId), with ThooMs Eari of Arondel, Jdtm Earl of Clare, Edward Eari of Dorset, Edward Lord Obnway, one of the principil SecretarieB of. State, and others, to examine into all new erected buildings within the city and subin^bs of London, and to prerent any new buildings, as they shall think pitoper/ And King Charles L when Prince of Wales> being in want of money, he borrowed, in the twenty-second year (tf Ms fethcffs reign, twenty thousand pounds j whereof Sir Henry Vane* was bocmd for four thousand pounds, part of it to George Hux« l^, Esq. Also on another loan of twenty thousand pounds, be Uras, with Sir Henry Hobart, Lord Chief Justice, and Chancellor to the Prince, mid others, bound for the payment thereof. Lik&> ttrise in a third loan. Sir Henry, and others, were bound fbr twenty-tbree thousand pounds. Whereupon King Charles I. on inly 20th, l625, promisees to see the same discharged; and, for the further security of the persons engaged therein, makes orer to them divers honours, manors, dtc. for ninety-nine years, giving the said Sir Heniy Vane, and them> power to receive the rdnts ahd issue of the premises; also granting to them three thousand pounds luer Mnum, out of the receipt cf the court of Wards md Literies) afid, if Chat be not sufficient, he will order the Lofd High IVeasurer to pay what shall be wanting thereof.

In King Charles I.'s parliament, l625. Sir Henry Vane was chosen » both fbr the borough of Lestwithiel, in Cornwall, and for the city of Carlisle; and served in every parliament after to the time of his decease,^ being elected for Thetford, in Norfolk; Wilton, in Wiltshire; and fbr the county of Kent.

Ob August 12th, 1625/ bearing the title of Cofferer of the

reFied on (ud what wise or inpirdal person wIM doabt them f) It will be ert- dent, what imp^rf^ and even erroneons infertntet may arise froai bart ttC4k^ and dry official notices. With all these high employments. Lord Cfarendon, af mU be hereafter sees, sets Sir Henry Vane in a Tery insignificant and contemp- tible light.

9 Willis's Notit. l^arliiment, p. 176, 177. ' CabaU, Part i. 410. p. 131. • Rymer*s Ftsdera, Vol. XVIII. p. 97. « IMd. p. 153 to 157.

• « Winis at aatea, p. 199. « Ibid. p. a37, 240, 359, t6z,

f NotnAthstandiflg all these eoi^oymentsi Lord Clarendon says, that by the

EARL OP DARLINGTON. iof

Hoasehold^ he' Mras in the commissioa for goreming^ denoising, and disposing of the King's castomaiy lands within the duchy at Cornwall^ and all other manors^ &c. he had> before his accession to the crown^ passed over for the paynient of soch debts they stood engaged for; but some doubt arising whether they could agree for leases of the demesne lands^ parcel of the said dnchy> the King, by a new cdmniissioD^ bearing date February 20th fol^ lowing, impowers them to dispose of all honours^ castles, manors, ice. parcel of the said duchy, or annexed thereto, and of all the revenues, &c. arising therefrom, except the coinage and customs^ &c. of Tin (within the counties of Cornwall and Devon), for the payment of the said debts. He ^ was likewise (he same year in commission, to take a survey of the wardrobe, in all the Klng^s castles, houses, &c.

On July 24th, 1(530, bearing the »> title of Comptroller of the King's Household, and of his Privy-council, he was in com* mission, with others of the coundl, to pUt in execution the laws relating to the buildings in Westminster and London, according to the King's proclamation. Also, on October 2d following, Mtras in commission,^ to examine the records, kc, in custody of Sir Robert Cotton, Knt. and Bart. The King, in the preamble- to the patent, recites,^ ' That it having come to his knowledge, that there remain in possession of Sir Robert Cotton, Knt. and Bart divers records, books, writings, and original papers of state, properly belonging to the crown, and not fit to be kept by any pri- vate person : and by a late order and decree in the court of Star- chamber, it was thought fit, that he should appoint some persons of trust and quality, to search and view what books and papen, and other writings of state, properly belonged to him, to the end they might be disposed of as instruments of state at his pleasure : he. therefore empowers the aforesaid Counsellors, or any two of them, to enter the house of the said Sir Robert Cotton, and there to search, find out, and view, all, every, or any records, books, escripts, papers, or writings of the said Sir Robert Cotton, either in his custody, or in the custody of others by his appointment. And upon such view, his will and pleasure is, that they set down« and deliver unto him in writing, such as properly belong to hin)^

disfavour of the Doke of Buckmghani, he met with some severe mortifications at the beginniag of this reign.

• Rymer's Fodera, Vol. XVTII. p. 306, 307* • Ihid. p. 768.

b Rymer« Vol. XII. p. tSi. c Ibid. p. 198, 199.

<l Pat« 6 Car. I. p. 10. n. 9.

MO P££RAQ£ OF ENGLAND.

&c. that he may thereapon gi?e further order And dbecticm touching the disposing of them, as in his royal judgment he shall think fit.' And for their better ease and help, they were em* fK>weied to call to their assbtance Sir William Beecher> Knt. and William Bos well, Esq. Clerks of the Council.

Likewise, on January 5th, the same year, he*' was in commis- won, with others, for relieving the poor; and they were empowered to inquire into the execution of the statutes relating thereto, aad the employment of lands, goods, and monies given for charitable uses, the training up of youth in trades, and repressing drunken- nesft, idleness, &c.

On April 10th, 1631, he' was, with others, commissioned to give orders, and take into their care the reparations of the cathe- dral church of St. Paul, London : and, on May 6ch following, was in commission,^ to hear and examine all questions and contro- versies, &c. that shall arise about the jurisdiction of any of the courts ecclesiastical or civil, or any of the courts of justice, or betwixt the Judges and Officers of the courts of judicature, in any matter or cause concerning jurisdiction, and to determine the same.

On September 20th, the same year,*^ the King, in consideratioh of the prudence, faith, and industry, he reposes in his well beloved Sir Henry Vane, Knt^ of his Privy«-coundl> and Comptroller of his Household, commissions him to renew the treaty of friend* ship and confederacy with Christian IV. King of Denmark. Abo by another commission, bearing date the same day and year, he* was empowered to treat and conclude on a firm peace and confe- deracy with Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, and the Ger* man Princes in alliance with him. The Marquis of Hamilton that year went over to the King of Sweden's assistance with six thousand men, and Sir Henry Vane was ovdered to cocifer with him. He met the Marquis at Wurtburgh, in October^^ and, being admitted to an audience of the King of Sweden, at Frank- fort^ January 29th, earnestly pressed him to undertake the resti- tution of the King of Bohemia, Elector Palatine, to his estates and dignities: but the Swedish Monarch answered, ' That he could not, without having war with France and Bavaria; nor Would undertake such war, unless the King of England would

• Rymer, Vol. XII. p. 131, Se teq. f Pat. 7 Car. I. p. 10. n. 9*

S Rymer, Vol. XIX. p. 279, Sc teq. ^ Ibid. p. 317.

i Rymer, Vol. XIX. p. 318. ^ Life of King Cbvles in Hiit. of £ng. Vol. II. p. 04«

EARL OF DARLINGTON. ^

cotfr into an alUaoce with him against the Spaniards.' Howerep it was concerted^ that on the King of Bohemia's arriyal in the Swedish camp, where he was speedily expected, the Chancellor of Sweden, and Sir Henry, the English Ambassador, should enter into treaty on that ardent affair; which, on his arrival^ caooe tq no effect.

Sir Henry Vane, intent on the subject of his embassy, followed the King pf Sweden in his marches through Germany, and left no means unessayed to prevail on him to restore the King of Bo* hernia to bis dominions in the Palatinate i but the Swede, flushed with victory, insisted on terms that could not be yielded to with honour. Sir Henry had his last audience of that successful ^ Prince about the middle of July, }632, when all that he could obtain from hirp was. That he should hold his country as a donative of the King of Sweden, and make no martial levies, or any league or tarticie with any other Prince, without his consent. That, during the war, he should furnish him with what forces he could raise and pay, and put. two of his chiefest towns in his hands, for per^ forming of the covenants. These terms Sir Henry Vane thought •0 dishonourable, that, expostulating with the King of Sweden on the hardships of them, they both parted in heat, and the treaty broke off. But his conduct therein was satisfactory to his own Sovereign, who so far approved of hb Ambassador's carriage, that be sent letters to the King of Sweden, charging bim witb obstructing the league between them, ^nd recalled Sir J^enry Vane, and ordered the Marc^uis of (iamilton to return home witb bis forces,

Robert Sidney, Earl of Leicester, in a letter from Rensboui^, in Holstein, dated October 8tb, J 632 (being then in embassy to the King of Denmark), has this remark,"^ Sir Henry Fane is gone from the King qf Sweden, without effecting the business he came for, which J ieUeve will he other mens fortunes as well as his, in their employments.

Sir Henry departed from the Swedisl^ camp the latter end of October," leaving his instructions with his Secretary, Mr. Curtiusi, who staid as his Majesty's Agent with the King of Sweden; but the battle fought at |>utzen, November 6th, l632, wherein the King of Sweden waf sls)in, together with the death of the King of

1 Rotkworth's CoUectioos, Part 2. Vol. I. and Life of K. Chaikt^ ot aiiieai p. 6S. » lidaey Utters, Vol. II. p* 37*. • Rwhworth, kc» ut ante*|

512 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

for the said ships and service. And^ by another commission bear- ing date the same day/ they were empowered to give warrants to the Master of the Ordnance, to sell and deliver to George Collins* Gent, and Samuel Cordwell, Gent, such quantities of salt-petre and gunpowder, pursuant to the contract made with them. Also, on February 2;th foUowing,s were commissioned to grant letters of marque and reprisal against the French King*s subjects.

Continuing in the Commission of the Admiralty, as also Comp- troller of the King s Household, and of his Privy-council,** he was again with them commissioned, December 28th, 1637, to furnish and lend ships to such counties as cannot find the same for the King s use. And on March 30th, \637, ' Algernon, Eaii of Northumberland, bebg made Lord High Admiral of England, on May 21st following, 14 Car. 1. the King reciting,*' * That March rhe l6th, in the eleventh year of his reign, he had assigned Commissioners, Sir Henry Vane, &c. with full power and author ri^ to execute and perform all acts, matters, and things, which appertained to the office of a Lord High Admiral of England^ Ireland, and Wales, and the dominions thereunto belongiug, town of Calais, and the marches thereof, Normandy, Gascoigne, and Aquitaine; as well touching the navy and shipping, as what con- cerned the right and jurisdiction of, or appertaining to the office of Lord High Admiral of England; and whereas he had lately constituted Algernon Earl of Northumberland, Lord High Ad« miral 3 and forasmuch as the accounts of the Vice- Admirals, and other officers of the navy, who are accountable, are not finished, and soDoe other matters not perfected, the King, reposing especial trust and confidence in the approved wisdoms, integrities, and circumspections of the said Sir Henry Vane, &c. commissions them to perfect such businesses as are undispatcbed by them, concerning the Admiralty; and to call to account all such Viccr Admirals, and other officers, &c. who are accountable for profits^ &c. accruing to the King, from the death of Geoige Duke of Buckingham, Lord Admiral of England, until the date of the letters-patent granted of that office to the Earl of Northumber^ laiui; and as they shall find cause, give a full acquittal for dis* charging the said accountants, &c.'

On June 26th following, he* was in commission for the repair

f Rymer, Vol. XX, p. 97, & teq. t Ibid. p. ai^.

t» Ibid. p. 1S4, Sc seq. * Pat. 13 Cir. 1. p. 13, in dor«,

k Rymer, Vol. XX. p. 225, & seq.

1 Pat. 14 Car. I. p. 5. n. :h^ dors^

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 513

8Qd re-edifpog the Tower of London; as also for annexing thereto fitting privileges, benefits, and duties, the charge wl^eoeof to be borne oat of the revenue and rights anciently belonging thereto: aqd v^ere empowered, as well by examination and depo- sition of witnesses on their oaths, as by other good and lawful means, to enquire and find out what prerogatives, privil^es, ju- risdictions, bounds, liberties, prdcincts, hamlets, commands, benefits, rights, fees, services, rents, &c. have heretofore apper- tained to the said royal castle, commonly called the Tower of London, or that may hereafter be annexed or held as appertaining thereto, and be settled and established, &c. and by what meant monies may be raised sufficient to re-edify and repair the said Tower of London; as also what fiirther works, in their discre- tions, they shall find requbite for the Kmg*s service ; and for the better storing and safe keeping rouniticms, provisions of war, and other necessaries therein, &c. with other large powers.

What I find next of him is, that he was made Treasurer of the Household in September l63Q. "* And on February 5th follow- ing he was "constituted principal Secretary of State ^ for life; also was permitted to hold the place of Treasurer of the House- hold with it. He succeeded Secretary Coke (who was so aged as to be unfit for business), after much opposition from the Earl of Strafibrd. Algernon, £arl of Northumberland, in a p letter to Robert Earl of Leicester, Ambassador in France, advertises him, ' That the King sent the Lord Treasurer to Secretary Coke, to let him know, that by reason of his age he found him not able to discharge, as he ought to do, the business incident to the place he held, and if he would willingly resign, his Majesty would take it well at his hands, and be ready to shew him favour; which he immediately submitted to. Thus far it proceeded without the knowledge of the Archbishop, Hamilton, the Lieutenant of Ireland, w any. other Minister of this courts nor had the Lord Treasurer any guess for whom the place was intended. The next day Coke made his complaints to the Lieutenant of Ireland, and then it be- gan to break out, that Mr. Treasurer Vane was the man designed to be Secretary. Much labouring there hath been to cross him in it; but the King is lo far engaged, that I doubt he will not be

*» Birch*8 View of the Kegociatioos between England and France, Sec. in In^ traduction, p. 15.

■ Pat. IS Car. I. p. 2. n. 3. • See afterwardt Lord Clarendon's remark oa this ill-stirred promotion. F Sidney *• Sute Papers, Vol. II. p. 631. TOL. IT. a I.

514 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

wrought oflF. If possible that can be done, I have better hopes than ever, that it will be obtained for Leicester; for I assure yoa of the Lord Deputy's using the uttermost of his power to efiect it. In another letter, dated February 6th, 1739,*J his Lordship acquaints the Earl of Leicester, ' On Saturday last the Seals were delivered to Mr. Treasurer Vane, ^nd the day following he was sworn Secretary : the Queens solicitation hath much furthered that business; but certainly no money hath been employed, either to H. Germain (Jermyn), or to any body else on this occasion. The affairs of France, Germany, HoUand, and all those parts in the Baltick sea, are put into Mr. Treasurers hands; and, if I be not deceived, you will find him ready to serve you. Mr. Trea- surer would not accept of the Secretary's place, until he was as- sured of holding the white staff also.*

The Earl of Clarendon has observed,^ ' That the Earl of Straf* ford, with great earnestness, opposed Sir Henry Vane being made Secretary of State, and prevailed for above a month's delay; and, about the same time being to be made Earl of Strafford, would have a new creation of a barony, and took the title of Bar§n Rahy, a house belonging to Sir Henry Vane, and an honour, he made an account, should belong to himself; which was an act (saith the noble author), of the most unnecessary provocation that I have known, and I believe was the chief occasion of the loss of his head.' It is also further observed, by the same noble author," that, on his being made Secretary of State, the bulk and burthen of state afifairs, whereby the envy attended them likewise, lay prin- cipally on the shoulders of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Earl of Strafford, and the Lord Cottington; some others being added to them by their places, as the Earl of Northumberland, Sir Henry Vane, and Sir Francis Windebank, &c. who made the committee of state reproachfyiy called The Junto, and met on all occasions, when the Secretaries received any extraordinary intd* ligence> or were to make any extraordinary dispatch ; whereas the body of the council observed set days for their meeting, and camt not else together, except specially summoned.

On February 4th, 1639, he was in commission ^ with Alger« noon Earl of Northumberland, Lord High Admiral and President of the Council of War^ William Bishop of London^ LordrTrea-

f Sidney't Sutc Papen, Vol. II. p. 634; 635.

r Hilt, of the Rebellion^ Sto. Vol. I. p. 150, ijt.

« Ibid. V9I. 1. p. 149. t Rymcr, Vol. XX. p. 369, Sc leq.

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 515

nirer^ James Marqois of Hamilton^ Master of the Horse^ Sir Francis Windebank^ Secretary of State^ and George Goring^ Go« vernor of Portsmouth, for a Council of War : and were autho- rised to meet together^ as often as may best conduce to the King's service; and to consider of securing his kingdoms and dominions, and all other' matters. concerning war and warlike provisons, and to take cognizance of all misdemeanors, abuses, and offences touching martial atfairs, &c. also for the ordering and managing the trained-bands within the realm of England, and dominions thereunto belonging j and furnishing of forts and fortifications within the realm. Sec. for the safety of the kingdom.

Oft July 27th, 1640, bearing «the titles of Treasurer of tho Household and Secretary of State, he was commissioned with others to call before them such officers, or others, as hare the cus- tody of any of the King s jewels, and to require their bringing before them the said jewels, to be viewed 5 together with all books, notes, or inventories, wherewilh they may be charged with any of the said jewels, &c. and to order perfect and full inventories to be made thereof, &c.

Afterwards he waited on the King in his last expedition against the Scots in 1640: and was at York when a cessation of arms was agreed on. Of the King's council were three of the commis- sioners that concluded it, the Earls of Pembroke, Salisbury, and Holland, who (as related by the Earl of Clarendon),* • were all inspired by the Scots, and liked well all that they pretended to desire. Besides those, the King had nobody to consult with but the Lord Keeper Finch, the Duke of Richmond, the Marquis of Hamilton, the Earl of Strafford, and Sir Henry Vane, Principal Secretary of State. And the Kin^ agreed y thereto^ as he thought the Parliament of England would be more jealous of his honour, and more sensiBle of the indignities he suffered from the Scots, than his Commissioners appeared to be.* When the King left York, he was accompanied by all the Lords, and Sir Henry Vane; but the Earl of Strafford was left in the North, to take care of the army, on which Lord Clarendon has made some observations of the errors then committed, without any mention of Sir Henry Vane being concerned in them.

JSir Henry Vane continued so far in the King's fa von r, iL^it^

« Pat. 16 Car. I. n. If.

< History of the Rebellion, Svo. Vol. I. p. 158.

y Ibid. p. 159,

i

510 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

wheo William Jaxoo, Lord Bishop of London, humbly besought the King to resign the office of Lord High Treasurer, his Ma- jcstjr, on May 18th, l64l, constituted * Sir Henry Vane Treasurer of the Household, and Principal Secretary of State, with the Lord Keeper Litdeton, Henry Earl of Manchester, Lord Privy Seal, and two others. Commissioners for executing the several offices of Treasurer of the Exchequer, and Chancellor of the Exchequer. And on August 9th following, on his Majesty's taking a journey into Scotland, he* constituted his Privy-Council (whereof Sir Henry Vane was one). Regents of the kingdom during his ab- aeuce, and to take care for the safety of his dearest consort the Queen, his dearest son Prince Charles, and the rest of his roya^ children, and to defend them from all insurrections, &c»

Yet not long after, on Sir Hemy Vane*s appearing in the prosecution of the Earl of Strafford, the King was so offimded, that he removed him from his places of Treasurer of his House- hold, and Secretary of State, though, in the patent granting that office to him, he was to hold it during life. And thereupon the Parliament, when they raised their army, and published their de- claradon, avowed, ' it was only ^ for the defence of the King's person, and the religion, liberties, and laws of the Kingdom, and for those,^ who for their sakes, apd for those ends, had observed their orders. That, by the instigation of evil counsellors, the King had raised an army of Papists, by which he intended to awe and destroy the Parliament, &c. and the putting out the Earl of Northumberland, Sir Henry Vane, and others, &c. from their several places and employments^ were sufficient and ample evi- dences thereof.'

It does not appear that he was concerned in any measures against the King, but continued in London, without acting in the rebellion.*' And on December 1st, 1645, the Parliament, debating on propositions of peace with the King, voted, that it be recom- mended to his Majesty to create Sir Henry Vane, senior, a Baron of the kingdom.^ He lamented the unhappy state of the nation in those time§ of confusion, and was not in any commission or employment under the Pariiament. . In July, l645, his castle of

« Pat. 17 Car. i. n. 5, don. t Rymer, Vol. XX. p. 481, 48*;

* Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, Vol. IV. p. 70a. • Whitlock'fl Memoriab, p. 188. * The beat proof of his acci?e seal against the King, ia this recommeiidatloa •f the Farliament. ££ter.

EARL OP DARLINGTON.

S\T

Raby« was surprized by the King's forces raised by Sir George VaDe, his son. Before the cruel murder of the King, he retired to his seat at Raby castle, neither he nor his sons being concerned therein, but opposed it all that lay in their power.

Notwithstanding what has been said, it still becomes necessary to insert the character given of him by Lord Clarendon, that the reader may judge for himself.

'' The last of the King's counsellors (says Lord Clarendon), who stayed with the Parliament, was Sir Henry Vane, who had so much excuse for it, that being thrown out of court, he had no whither else to go; and promised himself to be much made of by them, for whose sakes only be had brought that in^my upen himself. He was of very ordinary parts by nature, and had not cultivated them by art ; for he was illiterate. But being of a stirring and boisterous disposition, very industrious and very bold, he still wrought himself into some employment. He had been acquainted with the vicissitudes of court; and had undergone some severe mortification, by the disfavour of the Duke of Buck- ingham, in the beginning of the King's reign. But the Duke was no sooner dead (which made it believed that he had made his peace in his lifetime, for the King was not, in a long time after, reconciled to any man, who was eminently in the Duke's disfa- vour), but he was again brought into the court, and made a coun« selior, and controller of the household | which place he became well, and was fit for; and, if he had never taken other prefer* roent, he might, probably, have continued a good subject: for he had not inclination to change; and, in his judgment, he had liked the government, both of the church and state; and only desired to raise his fortune, which was not great; and which he found many ways to improve. And he was wont to say, f that he never desired any other preferment; and believed the Marquis Hamilton (with whom he had never kept fair quarter), when he first proposed to him to be Secretary of State, did it to affront him, well knowing hb want of ability for the discharge of that office.- But without doubt, as the fatal preferring him to that place, was of unspeakable prejudice to the King, so his receiving it was to his own destruction. His malice to the Earl of Strafibrd (wfaa had unwisely provoked him wantonly, and out of contempt), transported him to all imaginable thoughts of revenge; which 14

• Wbitlock'i MenorUIs, p. 151.

^

SIB PEERAGE.OF ENGLAND.

a guest that naturally disquiets and tortures those, who entertaiil it, with all the perplexities they contrive for others, and that dis- posed him to sacrifice bis honour and faith, and his master's io ^ terest, that he roi^ht ruin the Earl, and was buried himself in tha same ruin ; for which, being justly chastised by the King, and turned out of his service, he was left to his own despair; and though he concurred in all the malicious designs against the King, and against the church, he grew into the hatred and contempt of those, who bad made roost of him : he died in universal rew proach, and not contemned more by any of his enemies, than bf his own son, who had been his principal conductor to destruc*^ tion/*

He lived to the latter end of the year l654,' when be departed this life, at his seat at Rabj-Castle, in the sixty-ninth year of his age.

He had to wife, Frances, daughter of Thomas Darcy, of tb* county of Essex, Esq. by whom he had issue four sons, and five daughters.*

Thomas, and John, who died infants

Sir Henry Vane, third son and heir '

Sir George Vane, youngest son, knighted at Whitehall on No- vember 22d, J 640, seated at Long-Melton, in the county Palatine- of Durham, aged forty-six, on September 7th, 1666, when the- visitation of that county was taken. He married Elizabeth, daogh- ter and sole heir of Sir Lionel Maddison, of Rogerley, in Durham^ by whom he had issue four sons and eight daughters. Lionel, eldest son, married Catharine, daughter of Sir George Fletcher, Bart, and had four sons, and a daughter. George, eldest son, was father oi the late Rev. Sir Henry Vane, D. D. Prebendary of Dur» bam, who was created a Baronet, 1782, and died 1784, leaving Sir Henry, who has taken the name of Tempest, in right of his mother, and has married Anne, Countess of Antrim, in Ireland, by whom he has a daughter. Walter, younger son of Lionel, took the name of Fletcher, 16q2, and was father of Sir Lionel Wright Vane Fletcher, of Hutton, who was created a Baronet, 1786; and vas father of the present Sir Liqnel Wright Vane, Bart, who was borh 1760, and has a son, Francis, born, 1797.

The five daughters *» of Sir Henry Vane were, Margaret, mar*

f Visiution of DurbssD, C. 4X1 in the Cflce of Aimt. t Ibid*

l» Ibid.

EARL OF DARUNGTON. 3lff

Tied to Sir Thomas Pdbam^ of Holland, in com. Sussex, Bart, ancestor to Thomas, late Duke of Newcastle; Frances, second daughter, was wedded to Sir Robert Honeywood, of Pett, in the county of Kent, Kiit.; Anne, third daughter, was wife of Sir Thomas Liddeli, of Ravcusworth, in the bishoprick of Durham^ Bart.; Elizabeth, of Sir Francis Vincent^ of Stoke-Dabernon, la com. Surr. Bart.; and Catharine.

Sir Henrt Vane, the eldest sur?iving son and heir, was bom about 1612, and being educated at Westminster-school under Lambert Osbaldiston, was admitted a gentlemr.n commoner in Magdalen-hall,' Oxford, about the age of sixteen years. He was knighted at Whitehall, on June 23d, 1640; and had (as observed, by the ^Earl of Clarendon), great natural parts; and a quick conceptum, and very. ready ^ sharp, and weighty expression. The same noble author adds, ' that within a very short time after he returned from his studies in Magdalen -College in Oxford, where, though he was under the care of a very worthy tutor, he lived not with great exactness, he spent some little time in France, and more in Geneva; and, after his return into England, con- tracted a full prejudice and bitterness against the church, both against the form of the government, and against the liturgy. la this giddiness, which then much displeased his father, who still appeared highly conformable, and exceeding sharp against those who were not, he transported himself [in l635] into New-Eng- land. He was no sooner landed there, but his parts made him quickly taken notice of, and very probably his quality, being the eldest son of a Privy-counsellor, might give him some advantage; insomuch, that when the next season came for the election of their magistrates, he was chosen their Governor; in which place ke had not the fortune to please them long; and he unsatisfied with thrm, and they with him^ he thereupon returned to Eng- land. When, being reformed from his extravagancies, he, with his father^s approbation and direction, married a lady of a good family; and, by his father's credit with the Earl of Northumber-' land, who was High-Admiral of England, was joined with Sir William Russell, in the office of Treasurer of the Navy (a place of great trust and profit), which he equally shared with the other (and surviving him, bad it solely), and seemed well satisfied^ ;iiid composed to the government.*

I Wood's Athene Oxon, Vol. II. p. 391. k HJstorj of the Rcbellioo, Ivo. Vol. I. p. aSjt

S2e PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

But when his faiAer (as Lord Clarendon farther observes), re* cewed the disobligaiion from the Lord Strqjfford, by his being created Baron of Raby, the house and land of Fane (which titU he had promised himself, but it was unluckily cast upon the Earl, purely out of contempt to Fane), they sucked in all the thoughts of revenge itnaginab/es and, from thence, the son betoo'k himself to the friendship of Mr, Pym, and. all other discontented or seditious persons, and communicated all that intelligence that designed the ruin of the Earl, and which grafted him in the entire cot{fidence of those who promoted the same; so that nothing was concealed from him, though it is believed, that he communicated his own thoughts to very few.

The part he acted in the civil wars^ is recited at large in oor historians, and therefore I shall only mention, that when he was Treasurer of the Navy (which place he held till the first wars be- tween the English and Dutch), he shewed a rare example of honour and integrity. The fees of his office were, at that time, fbnr-pence in the pound, which, by reason of the war, boncstl/ amounted to little less than 30,0001. per annum; bat Sir Henry Vane looked on it as too much for a private subject, and very generously gave up his patent (which he had for life fit>m King Char. I.), to the then parliament, des'uing but two thousand pounds per annum, for an agent he had bred up to the business, and the remainder to go to the publick. This was done, and the method of a fixed salary has continued ever since in that office. He-was such a strenuous opposer of all tyrannical government, that he ^ incurred the hatred of Cromwell; who, in 1 653, when he turned out the Speaker, and the Members, stamping with his foot, bid- ding them give place to honester men, he, in wrath, taking Sir Henry Vane, junior, by the cloak, said, thou art a juggling fel- lows and, abusing others, commanded his guards to turn them out of the house.

On the restoration of King Charles 11. he was looked on as a dangerous person ; and being brought on his trial for high trea- son, was found guilty, and receiving sentence of death on June 11th, 1662, was executed on the 14th of the same month.

Bishop Burnet, in his History of his Own Times, gives an ac- count, that, ' as the sparing of Martin, Goodwin, and Milton^

1 Every one remembers Milton's famoos Sonnet to bim i

** Vane/yoQog in years, but in sage counsel old," Ice.

■ DQgaale*» short View of the Troubles in England, p. 40^*

SASL OF DARLINGTON. «l

wbo had not only jastified^ but inagDificd, the puttfaig the King to death, in their writings, was much censured; so, on the other hand, the putting Sir Henry Vane to death was as much blamed: for, the declaration from Breda being full for an indemnity to all, except the Regicides, he was comprehended in that; since, *■ though he was for changing the government, and deposing the King, yet he did not approve of the putting him to death, nor of the force put on the parliament, but did for some time, while these things were acted, withdraw from the scene. This was so represented by his friends, that an address was made, by both bouses of parliament, on his behalf : to which the King gave a favourable answer, though in general words : so he reckoned that he was safe; that being equivalent to an act of parliament, though it wanted the necessary forms. Yet the great share he had in the attainder of the Earl of Strafibrd, and in the whole turn of affairs, to the total change of government; but, above all, the great opinion that was had of his parts and capacity to embroil matters again, made the court think it was necessary to put hioi eut of the way. He was beheaded on Tower-hill, where a new and very indecent practice was begun, it was observed, that the dying speeches of the regicides had left impressions on the hear- ers, that were not at all to the advantage of the government; so, fltrains of a peculiar nature being expected from him, to prevent that, drummers were placed under the scaffold, who, as soon as he began to speak to the public, upon a sign given, struck up with their drums. This put him in no disorder: be desired they might be stopped, for he understood what was meant by it. Then he went through his devotions; and, as he was taking leave of those about him, he happening to say somewhat with relation to the times, the drums struck up a second time; so that he gave over, and died with so much composedness, that it was generally thought the government had lost more than it had gained by hit death; >

He had to wife** Frances, daughter of Sir Christopher Wraj, of Ashby, in Lincolnshire, Bart, and by her had tour sons.

1 . Henry, who died without issue.

2. William. 3. Rich, who died without issue. 4. Christopher, created Lord Barnard.

Also six daughters: 1. Dorothy, married to John (^rispe, of Oxfordshire, Esq.; 2. Benina, tp Forth; 3. Frances, to

« VisiUtiOa of Darbam, at aotea.

532 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

■ 9 Kcgwichj 4. Margaret, to Sir James Tillcj, of Walo; 5. Ann; 6. Catherine, who both died young.

Christopher, first Lord Barnard, who was knighted by King Charles II. was sworn of the Privy-coundl to King James II. on JqIj 25lh, 1688 j and was created a Baron of this realm,"^ by letters patent, bearing date on July 8tb, l6gg, by the style and title of Lord Barnasd, of Barnard'Casile, in the bishofrick rf Durham.

His Lordship married Elizabeth, eldest daughter to Gilbert Holies, Earl of Clare, and sister and coheir to John Duke of Newcastle, by whom he bad issue two sons, and three daughters, who all died young: viz. Heniy, who died March 4th, I677, aged thirteen months, and was buried at Shipbome, in Kent; Christopher, Elizabeth, Albina, and Mary; and two sutviying ions.

1. Gilbert, his successor.

2. William I also a daughter, named Grace, that suryived their father.

His Lordship died on October 28th, 1723, in the seventieth year of his age, at his seat at Fair lawn, in Kent (which his grand- fither purchased of George Cbown, Esq. in the reign of Charles L)>P was buried in the church of Shipboum, in that county, his liady surviving him. The Rev. Mr. Thomas Curteis, who preached his funeral sermon, and claimed the honour of having a very long friendship with his Lordship, has given the following ch»xicter of. him, in his sermon preached at Wroteham, in Kent, November 27th, 1723. In the conclusion thereof he thus ex- presses himself :

' It may be expected I should say something of the noble per- ion, whose obsequies we now commemorate: and though dis- eoorses of this nature are not designed for the commendation of the dead, but for the instruction of the living, I think myself obliged to touch a little upon the former; yet so as not to exceed the bounds of truth and decency : for such an extreme would be the more criminal, as it relates to one, who in his lifetime ap- peared very far ^m affecting popularity.

' His Lordship's judgment of persons and things was clear, •olid, and penetrating ; and his discourse open, familiar, and im« provingj^ to those who had the honour and pleasure of his most intimate conversation. He seldom cared to enter much into po-

• Probably as a reward for hit father*i sufferings in the cavN of liberty, f Hania*t History of Kent.

lARL OF DARLINGTON. «!

liticB, thongh very few understood them better. Books wtm his chief diversion -, and he had a ready command of what wat Tahiable or instructive in them. As his temper was general!/ even, free from the ruffles of passion, and excellent in itself; 9» nothing but a chosen retirement, chiefly occasioned by a vetj long ill state of health, could have hindered his personal abilittei^ both natural and acquired, from shining in a more diffusive light. He had a very just and honourable zeal for our excellent esta- blished <:hurch and its interests; yet, not without a charitable latitude towards those who conscientiously differed from it: nor was he a less zeatous advocate for our happy civil constitution and liberties. He always declared himself an hearty lover of the public peace, and of such measures as he thought most directly tending to perpetuate so invaluable a blessing: and, as he per- fectly understood, so he practised those virtues which conduce to the quiet and happiness of social life. He was a very great eco- nomist, and a most exact manager of his private affairs: yet, on some special occasidhs, he shewed instances of a very generous liberality, to a degree nncomroon, and in a way as much concealed from the world as possible. Neither was his Lordship less soli- citous for the public good; for, when through some disagreeable events, or the caprices of the people, the national credit has been endangered by a sudden run upon the Bank, he has immediately thrown in large sums to support it; as he had both a better way of judging than many others, in respect of danger, and a due re- gard to the common safety. One thing I ought also particularly to mention, which, like a city on an hill, cannot be hid: I mean that pious work of rebuilding the decayed church of Sbipbom, in a very regular, beautiful, and sumptuous manner; a work which will, as a frecious ointment, embalm his memory to after ages. But what I shall chiefly observe is, that in his last sickness, so long as he retained the use of his reason, he bore the painful de« cays of nature with great meekness and patience: and, by his frequently desiring the suitable appointed prayers, both from his own domestic chaplain and myself, together with his devout joining in them, he had recourse to the true means of support ia that hour of trial, which needed the strongest consolation from above ; and thereby appeared to leave the world in a truly pious disposition: so that we may charitably hope he has made the blessed and most advantageous exchange which J have been de- scribing.*

^24 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Gilbert, his eldest son^ succeeded his Lordship in honour and estate.

William, the youogest 8on,*i was of a generous, candid^ and engaging temper, joined with an inviolable attachment to our constitution and civil liberties; and zealously affected to our pre« sent happy establishment. He' served for the county of Ihir- ham, in the parliament that sat first on business, November 18tb, 17O6J and afterwards for Ste)'ning, in Sussex. And our late Sovereign was pleased, by privy-seal, dated at St. James*s, June 12th, 1720, and by patent, dated at Dublin, on October 13th fol- iowinsr, to create him a Viscount and Baron of the Kingdom of Ireland, by the title of Viscount Vane, and Baron of Duncaunon^ in the county of Tyrone. He married Lucy, daughter and co- heiress of William Jolliffe, Esq. of Caverswall Castle, in Stafford- shire; and dying in 1734, left issue by her, who died March 27th, 1742, William, second Viscount Vane, well known for his eccentricities, and for the imprudence with which he squandered away a large fortune; till a life begun ii wasteful affluence, closed in I789, under the sufferings of long pecu^ary embarrass- ment, without issue by his wife, the daughter of Mr. Hawes, a South Sea Director, and the widow of Lord William Hamilton : a Lady, whose name in the annals of gallantry was long too con- spicuous."

Gilbert, second Lord Bernard, the eldest son, baptized in London on April 17th, 1678, married Mary, daughter to Mor- gan Randle, of Chil worth, in the county of Surrey, Esq. by whom he had issue six sons, and three daughters.

1. Henry, succeeded him in honour and estate, and was created Earl of Darlington.

2. Morgan, in 17^* arrived at St. James's, from Mr. Stanhope (late Earl of Harrington), Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- potentiary to the Court of Spain, with the treaty concluded and signed by that court on November 9th, N, S. In 1732, he was made Comptroller of the Stamp-office; in which year, on Ja- nuary 23d, he was married to Margaret, daughter of Robert Knight, Esq. late cashier of the SouthSea Company | and sh

S He had a Urge fortune out of the Newcastle estates, and had the seat at J^tfir- htWH from his father: which his son demised in 17S9 to Da^id PapiUon, £s^ who sold it to Mr* Simpson.

' BritHh Pari. Regist. No. 701 and 194.

• Her Memoirs, said to be wiicten by herselfy may be found iji a wdl knows Aovel of Smoilet.

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 525

dying at Bath^ id May, 17^9, left a son, Morgan Vaoe, who was Comptroller of the Stamp duties^ and who died at Harrowgate^ November, 17795 having married on July 4lh, 1/60, Miss Up- ton, and by her bad a daughter, who died 1778. He, secondly, married Mary, daughter of — ■ Fowler, of Feltbam, in

Middlesex, Esq. but by her, who died at Bilby, in Nottingham- shire, July 11th, 1771* bad no issue.

Thomas, third son, seated at Straindrop-Hall, in com. PaL Durham, died unmnrried, on February 19th, 1758.

Gilbert, fourth son, in February 1732, was made an Ensign in the first regiment of foot-guards, and after Lieutenant in the same; and, in the rebellion in 1745, was Lieutenant-Colonel to the Earl of Berkeley's new-raised regiment of foot. He was Deputy-Treasurer of Chelsea-College, and died October 28tb,

1772.

Randle, fifth son, died in the twenty-first year of his age.

Charles, sixlh son, was settled in the county of Norfolk. Htf

was married, February 15th, 177O, to eldest daughter of

Richard Wood, Esq.

His- three daughters were, Anne, who died at the Bath, unmar- ried, on March llth, 1735-6; Elizabeth, wedded to Sir William HnmWe, of Thorpe-underwood, in Northamptonshire, Bart, and died* February 22d, 177O, aged fifty-seven; and Jane, to Tho- mas Staunton, of Stock-Grove, in the county of Bucks, Esq.

Lady Barnard, their mother, died on August 4th, 1728, in the forty-seventh year of her age: and his Lordship deceasing on April ?7th, 1753, aged seventy-five, was succeeded by his eldest fion.

Hbnrt, first Eakl of Darlington, whilst he was a Com- moner, was first elected, on a vacanc}'. May 27th, 1726, a Mem- ber for Launceston, in that parliament summoned to meet on May lOlb, 1/22; and for St. Maws, in the two succeeding. To the parliament summoned to meet on June 25th, 1741, he was chosen for Rippon; and in the next for the county of Durham* In 1742, be was appointed Vice-Treasurer, Receiver-General, and Paymaster-General of all his Majesty's revenues in Ireland -, and was made one of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, in 1749. In 17^3, he succeeded his father in his honour and estate: and hit Majesty was pleased to create him a Viscount and Earl of this kingdom, by the styles and titles of Viscount Barnard,

( CoSn-pUte.

528 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

CreaAons. Baron Baniard; of Barnard-Castle^ in the bisbqH lick of Durham, by letters-patent, July 8th (1(^) 10th WUIiam III.^ Viscount Barnard, and Earl of Darlington, April 3d (1754) 37 George II.

Arms. Azure, three gauntlets, On

Crest. On a wreath a dexter hand in armour, couped at the wrist. Proper, holding a sword. Argent, hilt and pomel, Or.

Supporters, On the dexter side a griphon. Argent j on the nnister, an antelope. Or; each gorged with a plain collar. Azure; the dexter charged with three lefi-hand gauntlets, as in the coat; the other with three Martlets, Or.

Motto. NbC TBMBRB NEC TIMIDB.

(^hieJSeat. At Raby-Castle, in the bishoprick of Durhaou

EARL OF ILCHESTBR. 129

FOX EARL OF ILCHESTER. •

^HBRB have been several persons of great note in England of the surname of Fox ; but the £rst of his Lordship*s fdmWy, on re« c»rd, was William Fox,* of Parley, in Wiltshire, who had a competent fortune there, and brought up his sons agreeably thereto. He had to wife ^ Elizabeth, daughter to "Qiomas Pavey, of Plaitford, in Wiltshire, by whom he had issue *= a- daughter, Margaret, baptized at Pitton, on July 3d, 1616, Walter Fox, bap- tized at Pitton, on July 30th, 16I8, who died without issue; William Fox, baptized on May 1 4th, 162O, who also died unmar- ried; as did Richard, another son, baptized on May 20th, I627. So that the said William Fox, deceasing in October, l652, left issue only two sons, John, and Stephen Fox, ancestor to the pre- sent Earl of Ilchester, and Lord Holland.

John Fox, Esq. the eldest son, took up arms for King Char. I. and, when King Charles II. came into England from Scotland, he immediately repaired to him } and, escaping from the battle of Worcester, fought on September 3d, 1651, he returned to Parley, to his father's; but soon after retired into France, where he lived till the restoration of King Charles, and then was made Clerk of the Acatry to his household.** He was seated at Aver- bury, in Wiltshire; and by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Henry Smart, of Plymouth, in Devonshire, had issue John Fox, his only son, thirty-two years old, June 14th, 1672 (who left issue an only^ ion, Stephen Fox, Esq. who died unmarried abput l6gg), and four daughters; Mary, wife ef Edward Thorneborow, son and

s Lib. de Benefactors, MS. not. S. i, in Offic. Arm. ^ lUd.

c Ex Regitt. Keel, de Pitton. ' Lib. de Benefact. MS. not. S. i. p. 7o» in Offic. Ann. TOL. IV. 2 M.

530 P££RA6£ OP ENGLAND.

bdr of Sir Edward Tbomeborow; Elizabeth, married to Thomas Dunkley» Closet-keeper to King Charles IL$ Margaret, wedded to Sackvile Whittle, one of his Majesty s surgeons ; and Jane, the wife of Richard Ridge, of Portsmouth, who had issue bj her Thomas Ridge, Esq.

Stbphbn Fox, the youngest son, was born at Farley, in Wilt^* shire, on March 27th, 1627; and. Laving a liberal education, his proficiency in learning and sagacity were conspicuous in his youth. John Fox, his elder brother, escaping from the battle of Worcester (as before-mentioned), his brother, Stephen Fox, went with him from Farley to Paris, being then in the twenty- fourth year of his age. On his arrival there, he was (as Lord Cla- rendon relates),^ entertained by Henry Lord Percy, then Ix>rd Chamberlain of the King's household : and about the latter end of the year 1052, ' on the remove of his Majesty from Paris, the charge of governing the expences of his family,' and of payment of the wages of the servants, and issumg of all moneys, as well in journeys, as when the court resided any where, was committed (as the noble author relates), to Mr. Stephen Fox, who was well qualified wilManguagrs, and all other parts of clerkship, honesty, and discretion^ as was necessary for such a trust; and, indeed, his great industry,' modei^ty, and pradence, did very much contribute to the bringing the family, which for so many years had been un- der no government, into very good order; by which his Majesty, in the pinching straights of his condition, enjoyed very much ease from the time he left Paris.*

It is certain Mr. Fox discharged tiis trust with great fidelity, which appeared so visibly to the King, that he was actually sworn Cofferer of his household; but, on the restoration^ never obtained that office, as Mr. William Ashburnham produced a reversionaiy grant from King Charles I. However, in consideration of his gixxl and faithful services. Sir Edward Walker, then Garter, Principal King of arras, by his Majesty's command, granted to him, and his heirs, nn honourable augmentation to his arras out of the royal ensigns and devices, viz. in a canton Azure, a Fleur dc Lis, Or; as by a special instrument, under his hand and seal^ uppearetb, dated at Brussels, November 23d, 1658.

When his Majesty took up his residence for some time at Co- logne, her royal highness his sister. Princess of Orange, making a visit to him, was sQ surprisingly aflTected with Mr. Fox's con- duct^ in the management of the whole course of her entertain-

• Kitt. of the Rebellion, Sfb. Vol. VT. p. ^27.

I

XARL OF ILCHESTER. ^L

mctkt, ttmt she Aewed him veij pardcalar ro^ks of lier esteem, and pfresented him with a diamond ring of value. She also re* commended him to her royal brother, as the most gratefbl mes* senger he covdd send to her on any emergent occasion; and his Majesty knew so well hu prudence and conduct, that he employed him in several important dispatches to the Princess, as also to persons of the greatest note in Hdlandj and his negociations had that weight and success, as to procure frequent supplies of money, to the value of 10,0001. per annum, constantly paid, till his Ma* jesty's return into England.

During the King*8 exile, he likewise kept a correspondence with the Royalists in England, and had such intelligence, that h« received the news of Oliver CromweH*s death six hours before it reached Brussels, and imparted it to the King, whilst he waa playing at tennis with the Arch-Duke Leopold, Don John, and other Spanish Grandees. The King thenceforward employed Mr« Fox on messages from the Netherlands to England, as one the royal party confided in.

He married his first lady, Elizabeth, only siunriving child ci Mr. \l^iam Whittle, of Lancashire, before ne went abroad;' for Stephen, his eldest son, was bom and buried in France.

When the King came to Breda, on the invitation of the States- General, being desired to make a public entry into their pro- vinces, Mr. Fox, and Sir Edward Walker, Grarter, King of arms, were jointly sent (o the Hague, to adjust the ceremonies of hit Majesty's reception there.

After the King*s happy return to his dominions, his faithful services were immediately rewarded, being made, first Clerk of the Green cloth, on the settlement of the King's household; the Duke of Ormond, Lord High Steward, having a great esteem for him, and desirous of leaving the management thereof to one he knew so well experienced in it. Also on that wild insurrection of Venner, and the fifth-monarchy-(nen, in January, 1600-1, the King being advised not to be without guards, two regiments were raised, of which Mr. Fox was appointed paymaster: and after- wards other forces being raised, on the war witli the Dutch, he was^constituted paymaster-general of all his Majesty's forces in England. By that title, as also that of first clerk of the Green cloth, I find shim among the benefactors to the building of the College of Arms, after the fire of London.

f Ex Stemmztt in lib. de Bcnefacf. pnc '. C L'k. de Benefact. MS. S. i. p. 7I1 in Offic*. Aritf.

632 P££RAGB OF ENGLAND.

The just profits of those two offices not only enabled hiok to provide for Lis familj, but also to exercise acts of generositj and jcharity. His regard was shewn to the place of his birth^ by- building the church of Farley at his own charge; and^ in 1676, he built and founded an hospital there, for six old men, and mx old women; a neat building, with a chapel in it, and handsome lodgings for a Chaplain ^ who resides there, and hath the title of Warden of the hospital. This he endowed with 1881. per an- num i ^nd there is likewise a cbarity-school, wherein are taught six boys, and six girls, all at bis sole charge, by the said Chaplain «r Warden. He also built an hospital at firome, in Suffolk; and another at Ashby, in Northamptonshire.

In the North part of Wiltshire, he built a chancel entirely new, where he was not at all concerned in (he tythes; but, the Rector being unable, it moved him to build it. He likewise boih the church of Culford, in Suffolk; and pewed the body of the cathe* .dnil church of Sarum. in a manner suitable to the neatness of that church, to which be was many other ways a great bene- factor.

These are lasting monuments of his piety and generosity; and be was '^ the first projector of the noble design of Chelsea-hospital, having contributed to the expense of it above 13,0001. His mo- tive to it was known from his own words : he said. He could noi jbear to see the common soldiers, who had spent their strength in our service, to beg at our doors. He therefore did what he could to remove such a scandal from the kingdom. He first purchased some grounds near the old college at Chelsea, which had been escheated to the crown in the reign of King James I. and which that monarch designed for the residence and maintenance of Pro- testant divines, to be employed in defence of the Reformation against all opposers : and on these grounds the present college is erected. In memory of which publick bene&ction, his name is transmitted to posterity, in a fine prospect and description of Chelsea-college, by Mr. Inglish, then Comptroller of the works .thereof, inscribed to the Right Honourable Sir Stephen Fox, the Earl of Ranelagh, and Sir Christopher Wren, with their several coats of arms.

1 sliall now proceed to treat of the publick employments and honours conferred on him. King Charles II. to distinguish so

* Vide the Sermon at hit Funeral hj ^fr. Ejre, canon*rctidcnt)ary vf the

EARL OF ILCHESTER. 53»

"raldable a servant, knighted him, on July 1st, l665. And, as he had been in the intimacy and confidence of George Monk, the renowned Duke of Albemarle, he paid a respect to his memory, at the pompous and public funeral of his Grace, on April 30th, 1670,^ from Somerset-house to Westminster-abbey, being the first assis.tant in bearing the Royal standard. Also, when the e&gy was taken out of the open chariot at the West door of Westminster-abbey, and carried under a canopy to be placed in a mausoleum there. Sir ^ Stephen was the first of the six Knights, supporters of that canopy.

In 1679, he was constituted* one of the Lords commissioners of the treasury) in which place he was thought so very service- able, that he was kept in it (through divers changes), longer than could ever be said of any man but himself 5 being continued, without intermission, in all commissions, except that when the Earl of Rochester was Lord Treasurer on February l6th, 1(585-0, till he chose to retire from public business.

In the same year, \67g,^ the King appointed l^m first com-' missioner in the office of Master of the horse, in conjunction with ' Sir Richard Mason, Sir Nicholas Arnjorer, Tl^pmas Wjrndham, and Roger Pope, Esqrs.

In 168I, the Prince of Orange, afler his marriage, coming over to visit the English court, came post from Margate to Whitehall, on July 23d J and, the King being then a^ Windsor, the Prince made his first visit '^ to Sir Stephen Fox, and did him the honour of dining with him the same day, and in the evening he waited on his Majesty at Windsor.

On his being in the treasury, and supplying the place of Master of the horse, his son, Charles Fox» Esq. and Nicholas Johnson, Esq.® were, on December 26th, I67Q, constituted joint paymaster of the forces) but, he dying in 1682, Sir Stephen, hy his interest, got it solely conferred on p his son, Charles Fox, E^q. though he was then but in the twenty-third year of his age. And on Fe- bruary ]8lh, 1684, Sir Stephen was made sole commissioner for Master of the horse.

King James II. on his accession to the throne, on February 6th,

1 Funeral of «he Duke of All>eiDarle, p. 19. ^ Ibid. p. a^n

1 Life of King Charles II. in Hist, of England, fol. Vol. III. p. 36S,

» ChamberUin*8 State of £ng. in List of Officers, anno 1679.

» Hist, of Eng. Vol. ill. p. 392. • Ibid. p. 568.

P Ibid, p; 396.

A

534 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

l684'5, coDtinned him first Clerk of the Green cloth | and» on the dismission ot tlie Earl of Rochester from being Lord Treasurer, in December, X686, constituted him 'i one of the commissionen of his treasury, with John Lord Bellasis, Sidney Lord Godolphin, Henry Lord Dover, and Sir John ErnJey, Chancellor of the ex- chequer.

Sir Stephen continued in that employment till the devolution, when he concurred in voting the throne vacant, and for the fill- ing it with the Prince and Princess of Orange, declaring, Thai Popery was incomistent with the* English constitution; and there^ fore all Papists should be for ever excluded from the succession to the crown of England,

On March igth, \68g,^ he was again constituted one of the Lords comrobsioners of the treasury; and was continued in the several changes of that commission, till he retired from publick business, in 1701.

In 1692, when King James was come to La Hogue, with a considerable army to invade England, he sent over a very formal declaration, premising pardon to all that should return to tbeir duty; but by name •excepted Sir Stephen Fox, with several noble peers, &c. This invasion was prevented by Admiral RusselFs beating the French fleet.

Sir Stephen was elected to the first parliament called by King Charles II. for the city of Salisbury, which he also represented in the parlfament called by King James II. in \6S5. In l678-9» the 31st of King Charles IL the city of Westminster ^ chose him "one of their representatives; as also in 1695, the seventh year of King William III. He was a strenuous assertcr of the integrity of the Ear) of Clarendon, and voted against his impeachment, though he was in a manner coounanded by the King to act in a contrary part; which is more particularly specified in the histo- ries of England, written by Dr. Echard and Mr. Rapin. His son, Mr. Charles Fox, deceasing, who had been elected in 1698, 170O, 1701, 1702, 1705, 17O8, 1710, and 1713, to serve for the city of Salisbury in parliament, among the circumstances of his affliction he thought himself deprived of the satisfaction he long had, in serving in his own person, or in his son*s, for that city; Iseing born near to it. This prevailed on him to resume the taking his seat in parliament again for that city, at a time when our divi-

^ Hist, of Engl. Vo!. III. p.45i- ' iWd. p. 587. 6fo. $63.

* Ibid, p, 635 • ' t Stow*t Surrey in second Apptndii, p. 10.

EARL OF ILCHESTER. . ^31

doni were at a great height; and he was nnanimoaslj chosen^ upon a vacancy by the death of his said son^ to sit in the last par- liament called by Queen Anne, whom he had the honour^ by her Majesty's particclar desire, to lead going in procession to her co* ronation> on April 23d» 1/02.

He had the comfort and happiness, to the conclusion of his life, not to be afBicted with any of the infirmities of old age, which coulcl make him the least burthensome either to himself, his friends, or his servants. ' It must be owned, wisdom doth not bestow the same happiness to every one that findeth her, bnt dis« tributes to them their portion in a very different measure, with more reason than we are. able to discern.* Her bounty to him was as if she emptied both her hands, and held back nothing from him. He had the blessing of her right-hand in the length of his days 5 and he had those of her left-hand, in his riches and preferments.

He made his last will and testament,* when he was aged eighty* eight years, in full health and memory, as is therein mentioned* And his sanity of mind appears, by the prudent disposition he made of his fortune. He was thoughtful of h'ls family and friends; and the day before he made his will^ he settled the most part of his estate on, trustees, for the benefit of his sons, during their mi- norities; which he confirmed by his said will and testament, dated on May 25th, 1716; but signed, sealed, and delivered, on August 6th following : which is likewise a proof of his mature deliberation in the making of it.

He first recites. That by indentures of lease and release, heart ing date the 22d and 23d of January, 1688, he had charged his' manor and lands in Madington, in Wiltshire, with an annual rent of 401. payable to the vicar or minister of the church of Ma- dington: also with an annual rent of 1881. for the endowment of an hospital built at Farley. And by deed, bearipg date the day before his will, he charges his said manor of Madington, with 20I. more, to be paid to the vicar of Madington.

His next care was, in leaving a bandsptnie support to Dame Christian Fox, his wife, with all his furniture, plate, pictures, &c. at his lodgings in Whitehall ; constituting her sole executrix of bis will, and also guardian of his sons and daughter, during t^ieir respective minorities. Greatly (as his own words are), confiding

« From the Register, entitled Fox, number 5529 in the PrerogatiYe Court of

Cinttrbuiy

536 P£ERAGE OF ENGLAND.

in her care and prudent management, of which I have, had ample . experience. He further recites : ' And I entreat and desire cay good friend> Francis Gwynne» Esq.; my grandson, William Gore, Esq.; my faithful friend, John Ward; and my faithful servant, Richard Miller, to see my will performed, and be assisting to my wife in the execution thereof, and performance of the trust which I with great satisfEiction repose in her. And, in case of her death, I constitute and appoint my said trustees, Francis Gwjmne, WiU Ham Gore, John Ward, and Richard Miller, and the sunrivort of them, to be guardians of my said children, and their estates, du- ring their resp^tive minorities. And, for the greater ease of my executrix and trustees, I have caused an account, or state of my debts and credits, to be drawn up in writing, and have examined and signed the same.*

He bequeathed, by his will, to the poor of St. Martin's in the Fields 201. being his usual yearly allowance; to the poor of the chapel in Westminster 20l. to be distributed by George Lord Bishop of Bristol, or the minister for the time being, officiating in the chapel; to the poor of Chiswick, in Middlesex, 401.; to the poor of the city of Salisbury 30 1, ; and to the poor of the Close there lOl.; to the poor of Cricklade, in Wiltshire, 201.; to the poor of Farley, and Pitton, in the said county, 20.1. tp the poqr of Grimsted, Plaitford, an^ Whaddon, in the said county, ]0U; and 8l. to the poor at Farley, to be distributed at the discretion of bis executrix.

On the conclusion of his will he makes this recital : ' And I d^re Mr. Thomas Gibson, who hath been assistant, and very Qseftil to me in my concerns in hb way, may likewise be so to my executrix and trustees; and, as a testimony of ray satisfaction in his past services, I give him 501.* And, lastly, revoking all trusts and limitations, &c. by former wills, he declares this hit last, &c.

Havipg built a house at Chiswick, in Middlesex, he chiefly ro* sided there till his death, which happened without any approach- ing warning of sickness, in the eighty-ninth years of his age, on Sunday, October 28th, 1716; and on November 7th following, be was buried in the church of Farley, in Wiltshire, a new struc- ture he had built from the ground, having endowed the vicarage.

His £rst lady (as is already said), was Elizabeth Winttle, who bad, in 1694, a confirmation from Sir Thomas St. George, Gar- ter, King of Arms, of the coat armour, that was found to be- long to the hxmly of Whittle, viz. Gules, a Chevron, Ermip,

L

EARL OP ILCHESTEB. 53/

Jmhriated, litween three Talbots heads, erazed, Or. And she Is therein said to be the only surviving child of Mr.WiJliamWhittle, of Lancashire. She died in l6g6, and was buried at Farley, on August 20th, that year. Sir Stephen had issue by her a son, Stephen, born and buried in France^' and his second son vras bom in 1659, and, having the King for his godfather^ was chris- tened Charles. After the restoration of the royal family, he had five other sons born in England > Stephen, who was buried in the cloisters of Westininstcr-abbey, on October 2&th, 1675 jy Wil- liai^ who died on April 17th, 1660, and was buried by him on the 23d, aetatis 20^ Edward,* who died on October IQth, ]66o, aetatis 7, and was buried in Westminster-abbey j James, bom anno 1665, and died on November igth, 1677, aetatis 13; and John, who died on November 17tb, I667, aetatis 1, and was bu- ried in Westminster-abbey: also three daughters; Elizabeth,* who was married in King Henry VJI.*s chapel, in the collegiate church of St. Peter, Westminster, on December 27th, 1673, to John Lord Comwallis, and died at Tunbridge-wells in 1682; Margaret, second daughter, was buried, unmarried, in Westmin- 9ter*abbey, on April 8th, 1687; ^tid Jane, the youngest daughter, was married, in 1685, to George Earl of Northampton, and died on July 10th, 1721.

The eldest surviving son, Charles Fox, Esq. was in several great employments to the end of his life. He served in parlia- ment for Eye, in Suffolk ; and for Calne, in Wiltshire; and for the city of Salisbury. Before he was twenty one years of age, he was constituted with ^Nicholas Johnson, Esq. Joint Paymaster- general of the forces, viz. on December 26th, 1679, and on April l6tb, l682,*^ sole Paymaster, being then but twenty-three years of age. Yet his abilities were so conspicuous, that he was esteemed able to discharge the business requisite thereunto. He held the place of Paymaster-general of the forces in the reigns of King Charles II. King James II. and Queen Anne. And in the reign of King William III. he was Vice-treasurer, and Receiver-gene- ral, and Paymaster of the revenues in Ireland, and was likewise Treasurer to Catherine, Queen Dowager of England. In 1679, he married Elizabeth-Carr Trollop, only danghter and heir of Sir William Trollop, of Casewick, in the county of Lincoln, Bart*

^ Lib. BeoefacuMS. S. x. p. 71. io Oflic. Arm.

y Ex Regisc. de Eccl. Abb. de Wesimin. z Lib Bencfac. pracd.

• Ex Reg*»r. Eccl. pijed, »> Hist, of Eng. VoU III. p. 368.

< Poioter*B Chron. Hist, of Engl. p. 29 S,

538 PEERAGE' OP ENGLAND.

by EKzabeth bis wife, daughter of Sir Robert Carr, of Sledbrd, in the same cotmtj, Bart, Chancellor of the exchequer, and of the Privj-council to King Charles 11. She was buried <> at Far- ley, on March 28d, 1703, leaving no issue bv him; and he con- tinned a widower till his death, in the fi%-fourth year of bis age, in September, 1713, and was buried near her at Farley. By hi« last will and testament, he left legacies to all his nephews and nieces, sons and daughters of his sisters, the Countess of North- ampton, and the Lady Cornwallis; as also to hit brothers, Stephen Fox, and Henry Fox^ and his sister, Charlotte Fox; ^d constituted bis father. Sir Stephen Fox, his executor.

Which Sir Stephen, in 1703, married, secondly. Christian daughter of the Rev. Mr. Charles Hope, of Nasely, in Lincoln- shire, who survived him; and, departing this life on Febniaiy 2l8t, 17I8, was buried at Farley five days after.*

He had issue by her two sons.

1. Stephen, first Earl of Ilcbester.

2. Henry, of whom afterwards, as Lard Holland,

Also two daughters, one of which died young, by ao accidental fall from a window; the other, oamed Charlotte, was married t« the Honourable Edward Digby, Esq. (second son to William^ Lord Digby), who was one of the knights of the shire for the county of Warwick in four parliaments, and she died his widow in 177s.,

Stephen, first Earl of Ilcubstxr, the eldest son was, on a vacancy, in April, 1726, elected for the borough of Shaftesbury, in the county of Dorset, and served in the two succeeding pariia- ments for the same town ; till his Majesty, in consideration of his great merits, was pleased to create him a Peer of this realm, by the title of Lord Ilchestbr, of Hchcster, in Somersetshire, and Baron Strangewats, of Wbodford-Strangeways, in Dorsetshire, by letters patent, bearing date on May 11th, 1741.

The said King was moreover pleased, by letters patent, dated on January 3d, 1746-7, to grant unto his Lordship the dignity of

' Ex Rtgitt. de Farley.

• I sabjoin the encomium of Granger on Sir Stephen Fox.

Grarger speaks thus honourably of Sir Stephen, under the reign of James 11* (Vol. IV. p. 307.] ** Sir Stephen Fox, who never hurt his conscience by ac- quiring hit fortune in the late reign, and scorned to increase it in the present by betraying the interests of his country, was, for voting cQntrary*to the K.ing*t in- clination in the House of Commons, forbid his Majesty*! presence, and dismissed horn his place of Paymaster to the Army, which was valued at lOAOol. per aa^ num.** S€t JUresbj's Mimgiriy ^to, p, 127 »

£AEL OF ILCHESTEH. is$^

a Baron of Great Britaio^ by tbe name^ style, and tide, of Lord Ilchbster and Stavordalb, Baronof Redlynch, in the county of Somerset, to him and the heirs male of his body, lawfully l>egot« ten; and in default of such issue, to his brother, Henry Fox, Esq. afterwards Lord Holland, and the heirs male of his body, lawfully begotten; and, further, in consideration of his Lordship*s eminent services, to grant unto him the dignity of an Earl of Great firi* tain, by the title of £arl op Ilchester, with remainder to his said brother, as before-mentioned, by letters patent l)eartng date June 5tb, I7d6.

His Lordship, on Jane 23d, 1747, was constituted one of tha two Comptrollers of the accounts of the army; and was oond- nued in that office by his present Majesty, who, moreover, ad- mitted his Lordship a member of his Privy*council, on April 22df 1763.

He married, in March, 1736, ^Elizabeth Homer, only daugh- ter and heir of Thomas*Strangeways Horner, of Mells, in the county of Somerset, Esq. by Susannah his wife, the only surviv- ing sister and heir of Thomas Strangeways, of Melburj-Samp- ford, in the county of Dorset, Esq. by whom he had issue three sons.

!• The Right Honourable Henry-Hiomas Fox, the late Earl of Ilchester.

2. The Honourable Stephen-Strangeways-Digby Fox, boro December 3d, 1751; a Lieutenant-Colonel in the army on half- pay.

3. The Honourable and Rev. Charles Redljrnch Fox, i>orn on April 27th, 1761 5 married, August, 1787, Jane, daughter of the Rev. Dr. Hains, and has issae, 1. Charles, in the Royal Ndvy, born December 25th, 1789. 2. Thomas, a Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery, bom December 28th, 179O. 3. Henry, bom February 2.'5th, 1794. 4. Susanna, bom September 12th, 1 795. 5. Frances, born December J8ih, 1797. 6. John, bora February 12th, 1799, deceased. 7. George, bom November 2d, 18Q2. 8. Edward, bom April 2d, I8O6.

Also six daughters. Snsannah-Sarah-Louisa, bom February 12th, 1743i manried, April 7th, 1773, William O'Brien, of Stins- ford, in tbe county of Dorset, Esq.; Chariotte-Elizabeth, died 1755} Juliana-Judith, died 1749) Lucy, born December 15th, 1748| manried October Ist, 1771, the Hon. Stephen Digby, uncle

t £z Stcmintte dc OMser peoet Com. dt Ilcheitcr. -

«

540 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to the second Earl Digby^ and died August, 1787 (leaving issue, Charles, bom May I775j Stephen, bom in 1776; Charlotte- Elizabeth, born in August 1 778; and Kenelm, born in 1785); Christiana-Caroline-Henrietta, bora January 3d, 1750} married, in )771> John-Dyke Ackland, eldest son of Sir Thomas-Dyke Ackland> of Kelleton House, in Devonf^hire, Bart, (by whom she had issue, two sons, and three daughters; the only surviving daughter, Elizabeth-Kitty, was bora December 1772$ married, in April 1796, Henry-George, Lord Porchester, eldest son of the Earl of Carnarvon); Frances-Muriel, bora August 1/55; married^. August 24th, 1777> Richard Quin, now Lord Adare, of Ireland, and has issue.

His Lordship dying September 26th, 177^, was succeeded by Hbnry-Thom AS, SBCONP £arl, bora August gtb, 1747; who took his seat in the House of Peers November 12th, 1776.

His Lordship married, first, August 26th, 1772, Mary-Theresa, daughter of Standbh Grady, Esq. of Cappercullin, in the county^ of Limerick, in Ireland, by whom (who died in June I7y0)> he had issue, two sons, and six daughters; viz.

1. Elizabeth-Theresa, born November l6th, 1773; married, £rst, April 17th, 1796, William-Davenport-Talbot, Esq. of Lay- oock Abbey, Wilts, who died August 1800, leaving issue, one son; and, secondly, April 24th, 1804, Charles Fielding Esq. Cap- tain in the Royal Navy, and nephew to the Earl of Winchelsea.

2. Mary-Lucy, born Febraary 11th, 177^) married, February 1st, 1794, Thomas-Mansell Talbot, Esq. of Margam, hi Glamor- ganshire^ and has issue, ^ary Theresa, bora August 1795; Jane- Harriet, born November 1796; Chiistiana-Barbara, bora April 1798.

3. A son, bora in 1777> and died the same year.

4. Harriet, born June 17tb, 1778; married, September 1799* James Frampton-, Esq. of Moreton, in Dorsetshire.

5. Charlotte- Anne, bora February 7th, 1784,

6. Louisa- Emma, borp June 27tb, 1785 ; married, March 30tb, 1808, Lord Henry Petty, who, in November I8O9, succeeded his brother as third Marquis of Lansdowne.

7* Henry-Stephen, the present Eari.

8. Susanna-Carolina, born May dd, 1 79O, died in January 1792. His Lordship married, secondly, August 28th, 1794, Maria,

third daughter of the Rev. William Digby, late Dean of Durham, and brother to the first Earl Digby, and had issue,

9. William-Thomas-Horaer, bora May 7th, 1795.

EARL OF ILCHESTER. Ul

10. Giles-Digby-Robert, born May 26th, 1798.

11. A pofthamoos son, born February 6{h, 1803.

His Lordship deceasing September 5th, 1802^ was succeeded by bu eldest son, Hehbt-Thomas, the present and third Earl. His Lordship was bom February 2l6t, 1787-

TUUs. Henry-Thomas Fox, Earl of llchester. Lord llcheater, and Stavordale, Baron Strangeways^ of Woodford-Strangewajs^ and Baron of Redly nch.

Creations, Lord Ilchester, in Somersetshire, and Baron Strange* ways, of Woodfbrd-Strangeways, in Dorsetshire, on May llth« 1741, 14 George II. Lord Ilcbester and Stavordale, in Somerset- shire, and Baron of Redlynch, in the same county^ with remain- der» in defeolt of heirs male lawfully begotten of his own body, to bis brother, Henry, afterwards Lord Holland, and the lawful iicirs male of his body, January 3d, 1746-7, 20 George lU and Earl of llchester, with like limitation, June 5th, 1756, 29 Geo. IL

jirms, Ermin^ on a chevron. Azure, three foxes heads, erazed. Or; and in a canton, Azure, a Fleur de lis. Or. . CresL On a chapeau. Azure, turned up Ermin, a fox, sejanf. Or.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a fox, Ermio, frott6. Or, col- lared, dove^tail. Azure, charged, with three Flcurs-dc-lis, Orj and, on the sinister, a fox, proper, collared in like manner.

Motto. Fairs sans dibb.

CUrf Seats, At Redlynch, pear Bruton, in Somersetshire j and Melbury, in Dorsetshire.

MS PEKRA6E OP ENGLAND.

APPENDIX.

Thb appoiDtment of £abl Fitzwilliam^ as Lord Lieutenint of Ireland in 1793, has been mentioned at p. 399, of this Volume* But as some peculiar circumstances attended his sudden recall, and as they arose out of a difference of opinion on a subject which Btm agitates the public mind, the subject of Cath»Uc Emanctpa* iion, it ought not to be passed over in such total silence^ as it has been in the page already mentioned. I will endeavour to avoid ill political asperity on the matter. I will first, therefore, tran* icribe Dr. Bissefs account, in his Reign of George III. though short and imperfect.

** Irish affiiirs (says he), at this season were extremely inte^ Testing and importaoti* When Earl Fitzwiliiam accepted the Vice-Royalty, as he afterwards declared, he had been authorized to complete the Catholic emancipation 1* and as soon as he ea- ered upon his office, he had prepared to put thb popular mea- sure into execution. The chief members of the Irish Ministry at this time were the Beresford party, always inimical to the eacou^ rageroent of Catholics, but ardent supporters of most of the mea<^ sores recommended by the English Ministers. Lord Fitzwilliam dismissed from their offices some of these persons, and chose in their places others favourable to the grand system which he had In view. The steps for accelerating the Catholic emandpation passed without animadversion from the English Ministry; but the dismissal of Mr. Beresford, and his adherents, gave great of- fence to the Cabinet of London. Lord Fitzwilliam refusing to change his arrangements, he was recalled, and Lord Camden, son to the illustrious Judge, was appointed his successor. Lord Fitz- william arrived in firitaih, made his appearance in parliament^ challenged ministers to prove that his measures deserved the. blame which their conduct intimated, and demanded an Inquiry. Ministers contended, that no blame was attached to Lord Fitz-* William, and therefore no Inquiry was necessary for his vindica- tion j and that there were reasons of state, which rendered the discussion altogether improper. The motions in the respective- housea were negatived/***

• See Lord FitswjUitm't Letter to Lord Cirlislc. k Bisset; VI. 3^.

APPENDIX. M3

Mr. John Gifford. in his Political Life of Mr, Pitt, I8O9, gives a fuller, but less favourable account^ from which I shall onljr make a few extracts. He observes^ tbat^ *' Lord Fitzwilliam reached Dublin on the Sunday, and by the Wednesday following, be had resolved to dismiss Mr. Beresford."— " The fact (he con- tinues), appears to be this, that Lord Fitzwilliam having resolved to pursue a different system of policy from that pursued by his predecessors^ thought the usual advisers of government very unfit counsellors for him; he therefore called to his councils Mr« Pon« sonby and Mr. Grattan, who bad formed a system which syste- matically opposed every measure of the Government ) and from these advisers, no doubt, the Viceroy received the character of Mr. Beresford, and of other respectable gentlemen whom he chose ta dismiss from their respective offices. It was clearly Lord FitsE- william*s fixed determination to release the Papists of Ireland from every restriction to which they still remained subject. Without waiting to know how far a plan so fraught with the most serious consequences was conformable with the views o€ the British Cabinet, he authorised his confidential adviser, Mr. Grattan, to move, three weeks after the meeting of parliament, for leave to bring in a bill for that purpose^ He immediately re- ceived the opinion of the British Cabinet in disapprobation of the measure. He did not choose however to stop short in his career^ but continuing to oppose his own sentiments to those of the Cabi- net, he was recalled. His Lordship considered himself disgraced; and determined to promote, if possible, a parliamentary investi- . gation of the business/*

'* The Ministers, in both houses, confined themselves, in the examination of the question, to the simple ground of justice and policy. They refused to enter at all into the particulars of the correspondence which had taken place between themselves and the Viceroy; they declared explicitly, that no blame was imput- able to the Cabinet Ministers, and disclaimed all intention of pre- ' ferring any charge against Lord Fitzwilliam. .The King bad exercised his prerogative legally and constitutionally; and Parlia- ment were nipt justified, either by precedent or by the peculiar circumstances of the case itself, in interfering in the business.'*

" It appears certain, from a close attention to all the known circumstances of this transaction, that Lord Fitzwilliam had la- boured under some gross misconception of the views and inten- tions of the Cabinet. He must have misunderstood some con* ▼ersatien which -had passed on the affairs of Ireland; for it is^

544 P£ERA6B OP ENGLAND.

fanpostible otherwise, that a nobleman of hit honourable mind, the int^ty of which no one ever attempted to question, could have pursued that line of conduct^ which he began to adopt almost immediatdy after his arrival in Ireland. Still he thought it necessary to write for further instructions from Ministers: hb letter was written on the 27th of January; but not having re- ceived an answer so soon as he expected, he chose to consider their silence as an assent to his proposed meaa^ures, and to have the Bill for the relief of the Catholics brought forward on the 12th of February. Tbb predpitationon a matter of such vast import- ance, was highly censurable; it was unbecoming a statesman to draw such hasty inferences as hi^ drew, and to act on conjecture when certainty was within bis reach. On the 14th of February he received the marked disapprobation of Ministers: it was per^sctly clear therefore^ first, that he had misunderstood them; for they never could have changed their views and designs in the short period which had elapsed since his departure from England; and if they had sanctioned hb new system of policy at that time, Ihey would not have condemned it so soon after: and^ secondly, that hb Lordship did not consider his instructions as condurive^ or himself at liberty to pursue his own plan, without further •ommunications with the Minbters.*'^^

« Lift of PXtt, Vol. IV. p^jii— 3J3..

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA;

EARL POULETT.— P. 1.

P. 15. Licutenant-Gcneral Vere Poulett died at his hotwe at AddingtoD^ Bucks^ March 15th^.l812. His daughter^ Harriet Jane^ died March 23d, 1811.

Hid, CoQDtess Poulett diedf J anuary 24th^ 1811.

Lady Sophia Pbulett married, November 18th, I8O9, Henry, Yiscount Barnard, son of the Earl of Darlington.

George, second son, borti May 13th, 1786, in the royal navy, married, December 9th, 1811, Catharine Sophia, eldest daughter of Sir George Dallas, of Patsal, com. Staff. Bart.

Vere, fourth son, is since deceased. ^

JoHx, Viscount Hinton, married. May 18th, I8O9, the sister of Mrs. Farquharson.

EARL CHOLMONDELEY.— P. 16.

P. 29. The younger brother of Thomas Cholmondelcy, Esq. is Dean of Chester j and is an accomplished man, and well versed in history and genealogy.

P. 36. The widow of the Honourable and Reverend Robert Cholmondeley, died April 4th, 1811.

EARL OF OXFORD.— P. 37.

P. 84. Add to the issue of the Earl of Oxford, Fourth, a son, born in January, I8O9. Fifth, a son, born December 17th, 1811 .

EARL OF DARTMOUTH.— P. \Q5.

George, thj^d Earl of Dartmouth, died November 4fh, 1810, aged fifty-five, at Sidmouth in Devonshire, whither he had gone for the recovery of his health. He was Lord Chamberlain

VOL. IV. , 2 N

546 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to his Majesty, and a Knight of the Garter, and was bom Oc* tober 2d, 1755; was educated at Oxford, and obtained the de^ gree of M. A« in 1775. In 1779^ he was returned member of parliament for the borough of Plymouth ; and in 1780> for Staf- fordshire; and two years after, he was appointed one of the Lords of the Bedchamber to the Prince of Wales -, and in 1789, Lord Warden of the Stannaries. In 1783, he was nominated one of the commissioners of Mr. Fox's new board of Admiralty, who were to be assuted by a subordinate board of nine directors. la the summer of I6O7, he resigned his colonelcy of the Loyal Bir- mingham Volunteers on account of ill health. While member for Stafiordtfhire, he supported the Coalition, and Mr. Fox*s India bill. His Lordship was a man of the mildest and most amiable manners. The following lines were written on the late Earl, by the Earl of Carlisle, when they were boys at Eton school.

*' Mild as the dew that whitens yonder plain, Legge shines serenest midst yon youthful train. He whom the search of fame with rapture moves, Disdains the pedant though the muse he loves : By nature form*d with modesty to please, And joins with wisdom unafiected ease.*^

Jnn.Reg. 1810, p. 407, 408.

He was succeeded by his eldest son,

William, fourth and pebsbnt Ea£L of Dartmouth, who was bom November 29th, 1784.

EARL OF TANKERVILLE.— P. 135.

P. 132. Lady Augusta Sophia Bennet died February lOth, I8O9.

Honourable John Astley Bennet, captain in the royal navy, married, August 29th, iSll, the daughter of John Conyers, of Copped Hall^ Essex^ Esq.

Charlxs Augustus, t^tscount Ossulton, was treasurer of the Household in the late Administration. He has issue.

First, a daughter, bom June, 1806.

Second, a son, bom January lOtb, 1810.

ADDENDA £T CX)RRI6£NDA. U7

EARL OF AYLESFORD.— P. 134.

P. 137. The Hononrable John Fmch^ youog^ son of the present Ear1» was appointed lieutenant of the fifteenth dragoons, December 20th^ 1810.

EARL OF BRISTOL.— P. 139.

P. 154. The late Fdton Lionel Hervey had issne^

Tvfst, Felton Elwell i second^ Frederick B. appointed lieiite-

naot*colonel of the fourteenth dragoons^ July 12th^ 1810 5 thirds

Selina.

P. 160. John Thomas Forster^ Esq. died in 1796 ^ and Lady

Elizabeth remarried^ October 19th, I8O9, William, late Dqke of

Devonshire,

EARL COWPER— P. 162.

P. 169. The Honoorable Edward Spencer Cowper married. May 23d, 1808, Catharine, youngest daughter of Thomas March Phillips, Esq. of Garrendon Park, Leicestershire.

Ihid, The prbsbnt Earl has issue.

First, Georgb Augustus FasDERicK, Viscount FordwicA, bom June 26tb, 1806.

Second, Lady Emily Caroline Catharine, born November 6th, 1810.

Third, a son, born December 12th, 1811.

EARL STANHOPE.— P. 171.

P. 178. On December 28th, 181 1, departed this life, at her country seat at Ovenden in Kent, after a few days illness, the Countess Dowager Stanhope, in the ninety-third year of her age. Her Ladyship was the relict of the late Earl Stanhope, and the mother of the present Earl. A person more remarkable for acute- ness of understanding, and exquisite sensibility of heart, has, per- haps, never existed. Notwithstanding her very advanced age, she retained her faculties entire, and the superior qualities of her mind only appeared the more conspicuous, from her possessing them at a period of life when the afEtars of this world seldom attract our attention. Such was her pUlanthropy, that she always took the

54i PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

most lively interest in every event that occurred, even io the re- motest part of the globe, that could anywise affect humanity. Religion, and the confident expectation of a future and a better state, were to her (what they uniformly are to all good and vir- tuous characterB) a never foHng souite of oomioit and exalted happiness. The distressed always found in her Ladyihip a warm- hearted friend ; and her judicious and extensive charity relieved many hundreds of the poor in her neighbourhood. The amiable- liess of her disposition was never more strikingly observable than in her last moments $ and one of the affecting expnessions which shetised a short time before her death, was, that she had the con- solation to reflect, that she had luver spared any tr%ubh to htof use. Her Ladyship has left a will, in which she has bequeathed her property to her only s<m, the present £arl Stanhope, whom ^ has appointed her sole executor. By a codicil, she has left legacies to several of her old and faithful servants.

P. 179. The Honourable Charles Banks Stanhope, major of the fiftieth foot, fell gloriously at the head of his regiment at the battle of Corunna, in January, I8O9.

Philip Hbnrt, Viscount Mahtm, is keeper of the records in Birmingham Tower, Irehmd -, and sonn^or of the Gmen Wax in England.

EARL OF HARBOROUGH.— P. 180.

P. 184. Lady S. Sh^rard, thind daughter of the late Earl, married, in 1612, the eldest son of Sir Thomas Whichcot, of Aswarby House, com. Linedo, Bart.

Eleanor, widow of the late Earl, died October 9th, I8O9.

EARL OF MACCLESFIELD.— P. 19O.

P. 195 • Mary, Countess Dowager of Macdesfidd, died May 29tfa, 1812.

IMd. The Honourahjie Thomas Ptorker, brother to the pre- sent Eari^ has several daughters^ and a son born March 17th, 1811.

EARL OF POMFRET.— P. 197.

P. !U);. Lady Louisa Clayton died June 90th, J 809. The Honourable T. F. itermor wa§ ftdvioced to the iftik of xdonel in the army, July 25th^ 1810.

ADDENDA £T CORRIGENDA. 549

EARL GRAHAM.- P. 209.

P. 231. His Grace^ the pbb8Bn1> Eaei. and Duke, was bo- soared with the Order of the Garter in 1812.

EARL WALDEGRAVE.— P. 232.

P. 248. — George, present Earl, was appointed major of Urn twelfth dragooos, March 13th, 1812.

EARL OF ASHBURNHAM.— P. 249.

P. 263. John, second and late Earl of Ashburnham^ died April 8tb, 1612, aged eightj-eigbt, and was sacoeeded by his only son,

George, third and pubsent* Earl, who was summoned to the upper house as Baron Ashburnham, March 23d, 1803. (See vol. vi. p. 132.)

John, his Becond son, an ensign in the foot guards, was drowned in his passage horn Portugal in 1810.

His Lordship has issue by his present Countess,

Percy, bom November 22d, 1795.

Bertram, born November 23d, i797i at Westminster school.

Charles,

Thomas, born July 3d, 1 800.

Lady Charlotte Louisa, born February 23d, 1606.

Lady Theodosia Julia, born November 27th, 1805.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM.— P. 264.

P. 260. Henry Howard, Esq. of the Tower House, Arusdel, ' Sussex, only surviving brother of the late Sir Geoiigp Howard^ K.B. died September 10th, 1811, aged.seventy-six, and was in* terred in the family vault at Ryegate. He left issue an only son^ Major-General Keimeth A. Howard, second Major of the Cold- stream foot guards, and now serving in Portugal, who married^ May 27th, 1800, Lady Charlotte Primrose, daughter of Niel, present Sari of Roseberry^ by whom he has issue.

550 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

EARL OF HARRINGTON.~P. 234.

P. 289. The Honourable Lincoln Stanhope was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the seventeenth dragoons^ January 2d, 1812.

The Honourable Fitzroy Stanhope has left the Bvmj, and is now in holy orders. He married, October 8th, 1808, Misa Caroline Wyndham.

The Honourable Francis C. Stanhope was appointed a captain in the tenth dragoons, 1810.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH.— P. 291.

P. 328. The Countess Dowager of Portsnoouth died January 29th, 1812.

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE— P. 363.

P. 872. The present Earl was appdnted President of the Board of Control, June 13th, 1812 5 and on May 23d, 1812, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, which he resigned soon after.

EARL FITZWILLIAM.— P. 374.

P. 399. Charles William, present Viscount Milton, has a second daughter bom May 2d, 18 fO.

EARL OF EGREMONT.— P. 401.

P. 427. Laura, daughter of the Honourable Frederick Wil- liam Wyndham, married, July 10th, I8O9, William Miller, Esq. of Ozleworth Park, com. Glouc. Julia, another daughter, died July 23d, 1811.

EARL HARCOURT.— P. 429.

P. 446. Lady Elizabeth Lee, sister of the present Earl, died in January, 1611.

P. 452. The PRB8BNT Earl Habc.ourt has resigned the

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA. 651

Dffice of Governor of thfc Royal Military College, and is now Go- vernor of Portsmouth, and Deputy Ranger of Windsor Great Park.

EARL OF GUILFORD— P. 454.

P. 485. Francis, present Earl op Guilford, married, July 19th, 1810, Maria, fifth daughter of the late Thomas Boycott, Esq. of Rudge Hall> Shropshire:

P. 480. Charles Augustus North, youngest son of the Bishop of Winchester, is in holy orders, and married^ March 11th, I8O9, Rachael, second daughter, of the late Thomas Jarvis, Esq. of Laverstoke House, Hants.

EARL OF HARDWICKE.— P. 486.

P. 492. Joseph Pole Carew, Esq. son of R. P. Carew, Esq. by Jemima Yorkc, married, September 10th, 181 J, Caroline, second daughter of John Ellis, Esq. of Mamhead.

Ibid. Elizabeth, wife of John Buller, Esq. died August 26th, 1808.

P. 497. Sir Joseph York is a Rear Admiral, and was lately a Lord of the Admiralty. His Lady died February 29th, 1812.

Charles Jambs, Viscount Eoyston, died May Ist, 1810.

Lady Catharine Freman Yorke married, October l6th, 1811, Dupr^ Alexander, Earl of Caledon in Ireland, late Governor of the Cape of Good Hope.

P. 496. The Right Honourable Charles Yorke is now member of parliament for St. German*8> com. Cornwall. He was ap- pointed a Teller of the Exchequer on the death of the Honourable W. F. E. Eden, February, 1810, and has since been First Lord of the Admiralty, from which he retired in 1812.

EARL OF DARLINGTON.— P. 499.

P. 525. The Honourable Charies Vane, sixth son, of Mount Ida in Norfolk, left issue an only daughter and heir, Henrietta Elizabeth Frederica, who married, August 20Ch, 1795, the late Sir William Langbam, Bart, and died November 11 th, I8O7, leav- ing issue by him, who died March 8tb, 1812, Sir William Henry Laogham, Bart, his successor, who survived him not more than two months 5 and two daughters, coheirs to their brother.

552 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

P, 527. Hekrt, Viscount Bernard, married, November \6\h, I8O9, Lad/ Sophia, eldest daughter of JohD> Earl Poolett, K. T.

EARL OF ILCHESTER.— P.529.

P. 540. Lady Charlolte Anne Strangways married, Dec. 5lh, 1810, Charles, only son of Sir William Lemon, of CarcJe^^^ Bart.

P. 541. The PBfiSENT Eahl of Ilchestek married, February 6th, 1812, Caroline, second daughter of ihc late Lord George Murray, Bishop of St. David^s.

END OF VOL. IV.

Bolt^ourt, Plcet-sCreot, LMdon . p, 1^

V