ff A4LFE ZX COMMERCIAL BISMERIE $ il . 1 | be ro cu ie OCTOBER 1951 Vol. 13, No. 10 FISH and WILDLIFE SERVICE United States Department of the Interior Washington, D.C UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE OSCAR L. CHAPMAN, Secretary ALBERT M. DAY, Director COMMERCIAL FISHERIES A REVIEW OF DEVELOPMENTS AND NEWS OF THE FISHERY INDUSTRIES PREPARED IN THE BRANCH OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES A. W. Anderson , Editor R.T. Whiteleather, Associate Editor J. Pileggi and E.G.Gruis, Assistant Editors Applications for COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW, which is mailed tree to members of the fishery industries and allied interests,should be addressed to the Director, Fish and Wildlife Service, United States Department of ihe Interior, Washington, 25, D.C. The contents of this publication have not been copyrighted and may be reprinted freely; however, reference to the source will be appreciated. The Service assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of material from outside sources. The printing of this publication has been approved by the Director of the Bureau of the Budger, December 15,1949 CONTENTS COVER: A “FOREST” OF SARDINE PURSE SEINER MASTS. THIS 1S A SIGHT THAT GREETS ONE ON SUNDAY MORN- INGS ALONG THE WATERFRONT IN SAN PEDRO, CAL! - FORNIA. MOST OF THE SARDINE FISHERMEN TRY TO SPEND SATURDAY AND SUNDAY AT HOME. THROUGH THE END OF OCTOBER THIS YEAR, THE CALIFORNIA SARD INE FLEET'S PRODUCTION WAS ONLY HALF AS LARGE AS FOR THE SAME PERIOD IN 1950. THIS FLEET TO DATE HAS EXPERIENCED A VERY POOR SEASON. PAGE RESULTS OF SOME TESTS WITH FROZEN OYSTERS, BY S. R. POTTINGER ......... ec ee eee eee eee ee eee eee e eee ee eee seen neeneee 1 SOCIAL SECURITY FOR SELF-EMPLOYED PERSONS» IN FISHERY INDUSTRIES, BY WALTER” A. STOLTING 2.6 cece cence een e ence eee n asec eseensene 6 PAGE : PAGE RESEARCH IN SERVICE LABORATORIES ...... dedoucbadcocoodcensonca 1G) FOREIGN (CONT.): TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS: ...... Be deSaonaeoaD n ie | CELAND: ADDITIONS TO THE FLEET OF U.S. FISHING VESSELS a) 12 TRAWLERS REPORT POOR OCEAN PERCH CATCH ......es2-ee022 28 FEDERAL PURCHASES OF FISHERY PRODUCTS ...-..+.. oe INDONES | A: FUR-SEAL SKIN PRICES “DROP AT FALL FUR AUCTION . a Te) FIRST SHIPMENT OF ECA FISHING BOATS RECEIVED ......... 28 FREEZING-FISH-AT-SEA TECHNOLOGICAL STUDIES: JAPAN: EXPERIMENTAL FREEZING STUDIES RESUMED BY DELAWARE ........ 13 ANTARCTIC WHALING EXPEDITION FOR 1951-52 SEASON AUTHOR- FOUL WEATHER HINDERS DELAWARE'S FREEZING FISH STUDIES IZED Ipcyetyatedetarelcratersts Hanequoebanaonignacodonoodecadoboade. 22 (GROUSE ROn 2) sondadnadbsooasanon soca sdsooopensscsoecnd| 1) NINTH MOTHERSHIP-TYPE TUNA EXPEDITION PLANNED 29 MIDDLE ‘AND SOUTH ATLANTIC LITTLE TUNA ‘EXPLORAT| ONS: RAINBOW TROUT {INDUSTRY .....seeeeeceeecerenssoce 29 LITTLE TUNA SCHOOL SIGHTED BY ATLANTIC EXPLORER OFF NEW CATCH OF SEVENTH MOTHERSHIP-TYPE TUNA EXPEDITION ..... 30 “dreary (GtiS=e ROs 2)) -.sscocmaenspeocceasobeconsednunden we REGULATION OF EXPANDING PURSE-SEINE FISHERY UNDER STUDY 30 NEW ENGLAND TUNA EXPLORAT! ONS: MOROCCO: RECORD BLUEFIN TUNA CATCH REPORTED BY WESTERN EXPLORER SARDINE CANNING INDUSTRY FACES BLEAK 1950-51 SEASON .. 31 (GRWISERD> |G) Sasoboncboonodoos agadogdacounsreoadar acceso IK! THE NETHERLANDS: PACIFIC OCEANIC FISHERY INVESTIGATIONS: FISH CANNING INDUSTRY, 1946-50 ......c.eseeneeserseres 33 TUNA PURSE~SEINED IN HAWAIIAN WATERS BY JOHN R. MANNING .. 15 NORWAY: RICH TUNA GROUNDS LOCATED BY HUGH M. SMITH (cRUISE xI 5 le FROZEN FISH PRODUCTION AND EXPORTS EXPANSION PLANNED . 35 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICES: RESEARCH VESSEL TESTS FLOAT LINES FOR COD FISHING .... 35 WHOLESALE PRICES, AUGUST 19517 ....... soocaa lz TOSTSKENERISHNOUT LO OK erie etnratstoleteletalstelsiieinintelelsteteeisietsieieie eae RETAIL PRICES, AUGUST 1951 .....-..4- 3 sagococd iG) PERU: ECONOMIC COOPERATION ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM NOTES: CLIMATIC CONDITIONS THREATEN FISHERIES PRODUCTION .... 36 PURCHASE AUTHORIZATIONS INCLUDE FISHING VESSEL EQUIPMENT EL SALVADOR: FORM INDOCHINA’ aicisialelniaisialnisisimie)= «ele! ots Soucesosacoonssascasocace Ue FISHERY RESOURCES SURVEY PLANNED ......c.eeecececereee SI FISHING VESSELS AND EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZATION FOR THAILAND . 19 UNITED KINGDOM: FOMEVERE cocsandaanbacisno conn adcacmacodensaseoaacaroanesoocccn Ce) AFRICAN QUEEN VENTURE DISCONTINUED ....e-eeesecerceess 37 INTERNAT ONAL! PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION OF FISH, 1950 ........e+ee0-0+- 37 ANTARCTIC WHALING, 1950-51 SEASON .....0-ceeeeeeeererereee 20 UNDERWATER RESEARCH ON BEHAVIOR OF THE OTTER TRAWL ... 37 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANI ZAT|ON: YUGOSLAVIA: LATIN AMERICAN FISHERIES COUNCIL AGREEMENT ADOPTED ....... 21 INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION LOAN AIDS FISH- ARGENTINA: ERMWES Setoteielei=tefe)uteel. cello-pack ...... |Gloucester Shrimp, lge. (26-30 count), 5-1>. DIS. coccessorososeseresoscssrorcs Chicago Canned Fishery Products: sesssessseecece So scescoesescerce een ceten es oeesssees oes cence ccocecs Salmon, pink, No. 1 tall (16 oz.), 48 cans Per CASO seccccccccccroe on Tuna, light meat, solid pack, No. $ tuna (7 oz.), 48 cans per case secs. ‘Los Angeles Sardines (pilchards), California, tomato pack, No. 1 oval (15 oz.), 48 cans POT CASE -ccecceccccecercccce Sariines, Maine, keyless oil, No. + drawn (3+ oz.) , 100 cans per case .. oe Seattle Due principally to increased landings in the South Atlantic States, fresh head— less shrimp in August sold at prices considerably lower (10 percent) than in July and 17.7 percent lower than during August 1950. However, this decline was offset to a certain extent by higher prices for fresh haddock fillets and shucked oysters. Fresh processed fish and shellfish prices this August were 1.0 percent below the corresponding month last year and 2.2 percent lower than in July this year. From July to August frozen headless shrimp prices also declined 10 percent, and frozen haddock fillets dropped 3.1. On the other hand, frozen ocean perch fillets rose 4.2 percent during the same period, while frozen flounder fillets remained steady. The processed frozen fish and shellfish index for August was 3.0 percent lower than in the same month a year ago and 3.9 percent below July. Except for canned Maine sardines, all items under the canned fishery products subgroup dropped below July levels. In anticipation of the new pack, canned pink salmon prices dropped 12.5 percent from July to August and 0.9 percent below the same period last year. Canned tuna prices continued to drop and in August were re— ported 1.7 percent lower than in July and 14.7 percent below August 1950. Canned California sardines also sagged 10.2 percent below August 1950 and 1.4 percert be- low July this year. Since the Maine sardine pack to date has been a complete fail— ure, prices for this product rose 7.8 percent from July to August and were 21.8 per- cent higher than in August 1950. The August index for canned fishery products sank 73 percent below July and was 2.7 percent below the same month in 1950. ES October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 19 RETAIL PRICES, AUGUST 1951: Average retail prices paid for all foods bymoder- - ate-income urban families decreased .3 percent during the period July 15-August 15, 1951. The U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics reported the in- dex for all foods on August 15 as 227.0 percent of the 1935-39 average, some 8.1 percent higher than the corresponding period of 1950 (see table 2). Fresh, frozen and can- ned fish and shellfish re- tail prices during the mid- : July-mid-August period were — 17.7 percent higher than the Bix corresponding period of 1950, SS but only .9 percent above the previous 30-day period of this year. Chiefly respon- sible for the higher retail prices paid for all fish and shellfishis the increase in fresh and frozen fish prices. For the 30-day period end- ing August 15, average fresh and frozen fish prices at retail were 292.5 percent of the 1938-39 base--1.5 percent higher than the mid-June to mid-July average and 7.2 percent above the Au- gust 15, 1950, average. MODERN RETAIL FISH COUNTER. Canned pink salmon prices declined for the second time in 1951 with the index at 508.2 percent of the 1938-39 base for the period July 15-August 15. This is a e2 percent decrease as compared with the previous 30-day average, but still 42.0 percent above the mid-August 1950 index of 357.9. Table 2 - Adjusted Retail Prices Indexes for Foods and Fishery Products, August 15 1951, with Comparative Data Means mae TO Bieta Oasis nolfdone. Gl NID) BisNe-BulS ~o0 2leviad July 15,1951) Aug.15,1950 227.7 b 1 foods eeeseveeeceoeaeeoeoeeoo All fish and shellfish (fresh, frozen, & canned) esh and frozen fish .wecoe Canned salmon: pink .eccooe Economic Cooperation Administration Program Notes PURCHASE AUTHORIZATIONS INCLUDE FISHING VESSEL EQUIPMENT FOR INDOCHINA: On July 18 the Economic Cooperation Administration announced, among other items, that it has issued purchase authorizations of $5,000 for Indochina to be used for obtain— ing equipment for use in developing fisheries. FISHING VESSELS AND EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZATION FOR THAILAND: Purchase approvals and authorizations for fishing vessels and equipment for Thailand were announced by the Economic Cooperation Administration on August3. Thailand has an BCA authori- zation for $68,000 to be used for purchases in Japan, and one for $35,000 for pur- chases in the United States and Possessions and Japan. The money is to be spent for fishing vessels, equipment (including refrigeration plants), and for moderniz— ing the market at Bangkok. 20 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No. 10 International ANTARCTIC WHALING, 1950-51 SEASON: During the 1950-51 Antarctic whaling sea= son, 19 floating factories, 3 land stations, and 262 whale catchers were operating, according to a review submitted by the Committee of International Whaling Statis= tics at the Third Meeting of the International Commission on Whaling held in Cape Town in July this year. Jue number of pelagic whaling factory ships oper= ating in 1950-51 was 19, accompanied by 241 catchers, and the total catch, inclusive of that of land stations, amounted to 2,305,187 barrels of oil (including 253,166 barrels of sperm oil) as compared with 2,166,505 barrels in the previous season. If the catch of the South Geor= gia land stations is included, approximately 34,000 whales were captured in the matene south of 40° S. lati- tude. Excluding land stations, 31,174 whales were caught by the lagic expeditions. Calculated in blue=whale units,1/ this catch amounte to 16,13 blue-whale units. Of these, 129 blue=whale units are known to have been lost, so that 16,284 units were actually processed. The output of these pelagic expeditions (exclusive of land stations) amounted to 1,910,000 barrels of oil, or 177-3 barrels per blue=whale unit. In addition, 243,000 barrels of sperm oil were pro= duced. An average of 8-6 whale catchers were attached to each factory ship during 1945-46, while in 1950-51 the number of whale catchers attached to each factory ship had increased to 12.7. In 1931, the average gross tonnage of whale catchers was 226 tons, and in 1951 the average gross tonnage had increased to 453. During this period, the aver= age international horsepower of the whale catchers increased from about 750 to 1,825. The Antarctic whaling season during 1950-51 com= menced on December 22, 1950, and terminated March 9, 1951. Consequently, the 1950-51 Antarctic season lasted only 78 days, the shortest season on record. Humpback whaling commenced on February 1 and ter=’ minated on February 7, 1951- Although the permitted catch for humpbacks was 1,250, more than 1,600 were captured. Atmospheric disturb= | ances which affected radio tranamission and faulty returns from the pelagic expedi-~ 7 tions were responsible in part for exceeding the established limitations. I/ ONE BLUE-WHALE UNIT EQUALS ONE BLUE OR TWO FIN OR 2.5 HUMPBACK WHALES. October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 21 In 1939, for instance, the blue whale constituted approximately 80 percent of the total Antarctic catch, while in 1950-51 the stock of blue whales has been reduced to such an extent that they constituted only 22 percent of the total catch. During December, the average output per blue=whale unit is 90 barrels of oil, while in March the average per unit varies from 14,0 to 150 barrels. The low yield per whale in December was the basis for the decision by the Commission at the third plenary session this year to postpone the opening of the next Antarctic sea= son until January 2, 1952. NOTE: THIS INFORMATION WAS OBTAINED FROM THE REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES COMMISSIONER ON THE THIRD ANNUAL MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL WHALING COMMISSION HELD AT CAPE TOWN, UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA, JULY 23-27, 1951. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION LATIN AMERICAN FISHERIES COUNCIL AGREEMENT ADOPTED: At the Latin American Fisheries | Meeting of the Food and Agriculture 0} Organization (FAO) at Lima, Peru, September 17-22, the desirability of establishing a Latin American Fisheries Council was considered and favorably received. A form of agreement was adopted for submission to the Sixth Session of the FAO Conference to be convened at Rome in November 1951. If approved by the Conference, it will be forwarded to inter=- ested member governments for action, and if accepted by five of the member govern= ments, the agreement will go into effect. The Governments of Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, #1 Salvador, France, Mexico, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, the United States of American, the United Kingdom, and Uruguay, and members of the FAO were present at the meeting and agreed to the adoption of the Agreement. However, the Agreement shall be open to acceptance by Governments that are members of FAO. The Agreement points out that the purpose of the organization is the develop= ment and proper utilization of the living aquatic resources of the Latin American region. The functions of the Council are to be as follows (Article III of the Agree~ ment): A. TO FORMULATE THE OCEANOGRAPHI CAL, LIMNOLOGICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND OTHER TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT AND PROPER UTILIZATION OF LIVING AQUATIC RESOURCES; B. TO ENCOURAGE AND COORDINATE RESEARCH AND THE APPLICATION OF IM- PROVED METHODS EMPLOYED IN FISHERIES RESEARCH AND IN OTHER FIELDS OF FISHERIES IN EVERY DAY PRACTICE; C. TO ASSEMBLE, PUBLISH OR OTHERWISE DISSEMINATE OCEANOGRAPHICAL, LIMNOLOGICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND OTHER TECHNICAL INFORMATION RELAT- ING TO LIVING AQUAT!1C RESOURCES; D. TO RECOMMEND TO MEMBER GOVERNMENTS SUCH NATIONAL OR COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS AS MAY APPEAR NECESSARY OR DESIRABLE TO FILL GAPS IN SUCH KNOWLEDGE; E. TO UNDERTAKE, WHERE APPROPRIATE, COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOP- MENT PROJECTS DIRECTED TO THIS END; F. TO ELABORATE PLANS FOR THE TRAINING OF THE PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN FISHERIES RESEARCH, IN THE FISHING INDUSTRY OR FISHERIES AD- MINISTRATION AND TO PROMOTE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF FISHERIES EX- TENSION SERVICES THROUGHOUT THE REGION. G. TO PROPOSE, AND WHERE NECESSARY TO ADOPT, MEASURES TO BRING ABOUT THE ” STANDARD| ZAT | ON OF SCIENTIFIC. EQUIPMENT, TECHNIQUES, AND NOMENCLATURES; 22 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No- 10 H. 1TO REPORT UPON SUCH QUESTIONS RELATING TO OCEANOGRAPHICAL, LIM~ NOLOGICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND OTHER TECHNICAL PROBLEMS CONCERNING FISHERIES. AS MAY BE RECOMMENDED TO |T BY MEMBER GOVERNMENTS OR BY THE ORGANIZATION AND IF IT 1S THOUGHT DESIRABLE BY OTHER INTERNATIONAL, NATIONAL OR PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS, WITH RELATED INTERESTS; |. TO REPORT AFTER EACH MEETING TO THE ORGANIZATION AND TO THE MEM- BERS OF THE COUNCIL UPON ITS ACTIVITIES FOR THEIR INFORMATION AND IN ADDITION TO MAKE SUCH OTHER REPORTS TO THEM ON MATTERS FALLING WITHIN THE COMPETENCE OF THE COUNCIL AS MAY SEEM TO IT DES!|RABLE. Argentine Republic WHALE FACTORY SHIP "JUAN PERON" SAILS FOR ARGENTINA: The whale factory ship Juan Peron will be employed ai as an oil tanker r pending acquisition of a suitable whale catcher fleet and the opening of the whaling season, ean October 5 American consular dispatch from Buenos Aires points out. This 22 ,000-gross-metric-ton ship was scheduled to leave Belfast, Northern Ireland, October 20 on its maiden voyage to Curacao. Claimed to be the world's largest whale factory ship, the ves= sel's completion was delayed because of the failure to complete the whale~oil re= finery installation as scheduled. Doubts as to whether the Juan Peron might be sold prior to documentation as an Argentine ship appear to have been resolved as it is understood it now flies the Argentine flag. From unconfirmed reports in Buenos Aires, it appears that the necessary financing originally expected from the Argentine Government, but which did not materialize, has now been undertaken by Norwegian interests. enterprise has been registered in Sydney to engage in Siallains on the east coast of Australia, according to the August 1951 issue of the Fisheries Newsletter of the Commonwealth Director of Fisheries. This is the third whaling enterprise in Aus= tralia. The other two operate in Western Australia. A representative of the newest whaling enterprise has been in Norway making arrangements to purchase whale chasers, a treatment plant, and plans of equipment that can be manufactured in Australia, as well as to secure key personnel for the enterprise. The company has decided to operate from a shore=based treatment station dur= ing the May to October migratory period. In making this decision, the company took into consideration the high capital cost (approximately US#8,/,00,000) and operating cost of a factory ship.. Successful offshore whaling is being carried on in Western Australia, Belgian Congo, South Africa, Chile, and Madagascar. Investigations indicate that the most favorable whaling ground off the east coast of Australia is between Byron Bay and Lady Elliot Island. The company has secured a lease of 30 acres on Moreton Island (near Brisbane) where it proposes to erect its treatment plant. It is pointed out that the site is most suitable October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 23 for the proposed operations as it is close to the whaling ground, provides a suit- able anchorage for the whale chasers, and is sufficiently close to Brisbane to en- sure economic supply of fuel and other requirements. Subject to certain technical requirements, the company has received an under-= taking from the Commonwealth Government that it will be granted a license to catch 500 humpback whales each season. It is anticipated that the company will commence operations in 1952. British West Indies TURTLE CANNERY PLANNED; The British Colonial Development Corporation has de- cided to build and operate a cannery on Grand Cayman Island, British West Indies, for the processing of turtles, reports an American consular dispatch from that area. Capitalization is about$140,000. Building plans are ready and equipment has been order= ed. The cannery is expected tobe in opera- tion by the end of 1951. The chief product willbe turtle soupfor markets in the United States and Canada. The aim of the scheme isto develop the turtle industry on which the people of the Cayman Islands dependin large partfor their livelihood. Itis reported thatit will pro- vide employment for1l00 to 150 people, both in the cannery and in and around the fish- GREEN TURTLE (CHELONIA MYDAS), ONE OF THE ing grounds, which are principally off the SPECIES OF TURTLES TAKEN IN THE BRITISH ibbe oast of Nicara 4 WEST INDIES. coo Be erseue A minimum of 3,000 turtles will be required for the first year of operation, and the local fishermen have undertaken to supply the requirements to keep the can nery in operation. = ae Canada LONG=LINING EXPERIMENT OFF NEWFOUNDLAND EXTENDED : An extension of the long= lining experiment at Bonavista, Newfoundland, “until December 15 this year has been decided upon by the Department of Fisheries of Canada, according to that agency's September 1951 issue of Trade News. At the completion of last year's experimental fishing, which was supervised by the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, it was obvious that long=lining has great commercial possibilities on the east coast of Newfoundland. This year's fish= ing continues to bear out this conclusion. Two vessels have been engaged during the summer to follow up investigations made last year to determine whether long-lining operations similar to those being used in Nova Scotia would be profitable off Newfoundland. One of the vessels wrecked on August 15 while under charter to the Department, has been replaced by the East Wind, a Newfoundland schooner=-type vessel with two masts. The East Wind has been refitted to enable it to carry on the experimental fishing. 2h COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW : Vol- 13, No. 10 The other vessel, which is continuing to conduct long-lining experiments until December with the East Wind, is the 17-ton O-Johnny-O, which is 42 feet in length. NOTE: SEE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW, JUNE 1951, P. 58. * eK K NEWFOUNDLAND FISHERMEN TO RECEIVE C$1,000,000 FROM THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT: Canada's Dominion Government has recently decided to © make e deficiency payments totaling almost C#1,000,000 to Newfoundland fishermen on their 1950 catches of certain types of fish. About 20,000 Newfoundland and Labador fishermen will pro- fit directly from these payments, states a September 21 American consular dispatch from St- John's. Because of low fish prices in 1950, the Dominion Government now proposes to pay C#1.30 per quintal (112 lbs.) on 645,000 quintals of Newfoundland shore=caught cod, and CHO-.85 per quintal on 51,000 quintals of Labador semi-dry cod. Payments will total C#981,850- ‘The deficiency payments of C$1-30 will be applied uniformly to all grades and sizes of Newfoundland shore-caught cod regard~- less of the price it was sold for. The value of the semi-dry cod will be the 1950 support price of C#7-00 plus the deficiency payment of C$0.85, necting the Labador fisherman a price of C$#7-85. Some time will undoubtedly be required for the dis- tribution of the payments. Earlier in 1951, Newfoundland fishermen received aid from the Federal Govern= ment, which had found a way to convert pound oo ae in Europe in order to permit fishermen to sell their catches on the continent.L The Government also had ar= ranged for the Price Supply Board to take over the 19,9 carry over of fish in order to clear the way for 1950 sales. It was elso announced that there is no reason to give Federal assistance under the Fisheries Prices Support Act for the 1951 catch because of the improved market situation. 1/ SEE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW, JUNE 1951, P. 60. we France CANNED FISH AND CRUSTACEAN IMPORTS FROM U- S- AGAIN PERMITTED: The suspension of imports ports of canned fish and crustaceans 3 from the United States, which became ef= fective in France on April 1, 1951, by a customs decision of March 21, 1951, has been lifted by a customs Be ieod of July 17, published in the Monseetr Officiel du Commerce et Sey e andere of August 30, 1951- The suspension of imports from designated countries, including the Uni ted States, was ordered because the governments of these pounteiad had not notified the erence Government of agencies qualified to issue inspection certificates for the products concerned, as required under a French law of October 5, 1949. The suspension is now discontinued in the case of the United States, according to the decision of July 17, because the American Government has communicated to the French Government information concerning the control procedure exercised by the United States over the products concerned. NOTE: SEE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW, Aprit 1951, P. 51. kK ROK OK WORLD'S LARGEST TRAWLER BUILT FOR FRENCH FIRM: The world's largest trawler October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 25 according to Vestjysk Fiskeritidende, a Danish trade paper, and as reported by the August 9 issue of Fiskets Gang. This trawler, Jutland, is about 250 feet long, 1,592 gross metric tons, and is powered with a 1,400 h-p- Diesel engine. Capable of a speed of 12 knots, the vessel has the most modern equipment, and is able to make four=- to five-month trips to the fishing banks off Newfoundland and Greenland. German Federal Republic CATCHING TUNA WITH ELECTRIFIED HOOKS: Equipment for catching salt-water fish on electrified hooks has been developed after many years of experiment by three Hamburg scientists (Dr. Kreutzer, Mr. Peglow, an engineer, and Dr. P. F. Meyer from the Coast and Freshwater Institute's research division for fisheries). The method was tried in practice for the first time by the cutter Paloma from Busum in an area which is about 90 nautical miles southwest of Helgoland. The tuna is lured to the hook with the usual bait. Immediately after it has taken the bait, the tuna is given a powerful electric shock through the hook. This is accomplished through a newly developed apparatus which changes the direct current of the genera= tor to alternating current, according to a report in Dansk Fiskeritidende of Sep=- tember 1). The fish is stunned immediately as if by a narcotic so that it cannot fight or wear itself out as is ordinarily the case with the usual fish caught on a hook. Narcosis can be continued by additional electrical shocks according to the need; for example, until the fish is brought aboard. Siemens=Schuckert will now construct 30 such peices of gear for fish cutters in Hamburg=-Finkenwerder, according to reports. x KKK & FIVE BELGIAN TRAWLERS PURCHASED BY GERMAN FIRM; Five Belgian trawlers have been purchased in Ostend by a German fishing firm in Bremerhaven, according to the August 10 issue of Dansk Fiskerintidende, a Danish periodical. The vessels are of 555 gross metric tons each and have a hold capacity of 250 metric tons. Vessels will be converted for deep-freezing of fresh marine fish at sea. Built in Belgium in 1947 and 1948 from drawings furnished by a German shipyard specializing in trawler construction, the vessels are oil-fired. Honduras MARGINAL SEAS AND CONTINENTAL SHELF CLAIMS EXTENDED: A Honduran Congressional Committee, as well as the Congress itself, recently approved unanimously the exten- sion of Honduran Sovereignty over marginal seas and the continental shelf, according to the September 5 American Embassy dispatch from Tegucigalpa. Regarding the rights of the Honduran Government over the marginal seas and continental shelf, the follow= ing points were covered; ile nih 1S STATED THAT THE SOVEREIGNTY OF HONDURAS |S EXTENDED TO THE SUBMARINE PLATFORM OF THE NATIONAL, CONTINENTAL, AND INSULAR TER- RITORY AND WATERS COVERING SAME, WHATEVER THE DEPTH AT WHICH IT 1S TO BE FOUND AND THE EXTENSION IT EMBRACES, AND THE FULL DOMIN- 1O0N, tNALIENABLE AND IMPRESCRIPTIBLE, BELONGS TO THE NATION OVER 26 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No. 10 ALL THE WEALTH EXISTING OR WHICH MAY EXIST THEREIN, IN 1TS LOWER STRATA OR IN THAT EXTENSION OF SEA EMBRACED BY THE VERTICAL PLANS DRAWN AT ITS BORDERS. Ze "THE DEMARCATION OF THE ZONE FOR THE PROTECTION OF HUNTING, FISHING, AND EXPLOITATION OF CONTINENTAL AND INSULAR SEAS WHI CH BY VIRTUE OF THIS DECREE 1S PLACED UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF THE STATE, SHALL BE MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THIS STATEMENT OF SOVERE! GNTY ONCE THE GOVERNMENT DEEMS IT CONVENIENT, WHETHER RECTIFYING, AMPLIFYING, OR AMENDING SAID DEMARCATION AS MAY BE DEMANDED BY NATIONAL INTERESTS. So "THE PROTECTION AND CONTROL BY THE STATE IN THE ATLANT!C OCEAN IS DECLARED OVER THAT EXTENSION OF SEA EMBRACED BY THE PERIMETER FORM- ED BY THE COAST WITH A MATHEMATICAL PARALLEL PROJECTED INTO THE SEA AT TWO HUNDRED SEA MILES DISTANCE FROM THE CONTINENTAL COAST OF HONDURAS. WITH REGARD TO THE ISLANDS IN THE ATLANTIC BELONGING TO HONDURAS, THIS DEMARCATION SHALL BE DRAWN INDICATING THE ZONE OF THE SEA ADJACENT TO THE COASTS OF SAID ISLANDS TO A DISTANCE OF TWO HUNDRED SEA MILES FROM EACH OF THE CONTOUR POINTS OF THEM. 4. "THIS STATEMENT DOES NOT IGNORE SIMILAR LEGITIMATE RIGHTS OF OTHER STATES ON THE BASIS OF RECIPROCITY, DOES NOT AFFECT THE FREEDOM OF NAVIGATION RECOGNIZED BY INTERNATIONAL LAW, NOR DOES IT LESSEN THE SOVEREIGN RIGHTS AND THOSE OF DOMINION WHICH THE STATE OF HONDURAS MAINTAINS OVER TERRITORIAL SEAS." The Congressional Committee further requested that the phrase: "all the other islands, banks, and reefs over which Honduras exercises dominion and sovereignty", be added to the bill. CARIBBEAN TRUJILLO The Honduran extension of sovereignty over the marginal seas and continental shelf is similar to declarations made by other Latin American countries. This statement of sovereignty was presented by the Executive Power to Congress through the Minister of Foreign Affairs as an amendment to the Agrarian Law. The Committee urged that this amendment to the Agrarian Law be decreed. Qctober 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 27 Iceland SUMMER HERRING FISHERY SHOWS NO IMPROVEMENT: Iceland's summer herring fishery has been thus far disappointing, the American Legation's August 14 dispatch from Reykjavik reports. Since the promising catches made during the first two weeks of the season at the beginning of July, herring has been sighted only infrequently and in relatively small numbers. Although the total catch on August 11, estimated at 53,904 metric tons, was about twice the 1950 total for the same period, it was, however, below the average of the past six years (all of which were considered failures). There were 208 Icelandic boats using 206 purse nets participating in the 1951 summer herring fishery. Last year, 240 boats using 235 nets engaged in this fishe ery- More than half of the current fleet shared in the promising catches made off the Northwest Coast at the beginning of July. Herring were first sighted off the Northwest Coast in the fine summer seasons which preceded the failures of the past several years and this was taken as a good sign for the present season. Many boats remaining in home ports in other sections of the country, awaiting news of good catches, promptly proceeded to the North Coast. Most of the latter have had very disappointing catches. The average catch per net, as of August 11, was estimated at 245 metric tons (1,813 "mal"). The average catch per net for the same period in 1950 was 132 tons (981 "mal"). The 1950 summer herring season was the worst in recent memory. Disappointment with the current season was due to the fact that the average catch per net is almost 1/4 tons less than the average catch for the same period during the previous six summer seasons. It is still questionable whether Icelandic boats participating in the North Coast herring fishery will be able to break even this year. Because of the con- siderable rise in the price for herring, the boats require a relatively small catch to break even. Smaller boats, up to about 70 tons, carrying a crew of a about 11 men and using only one net boat, need only about 202 tons (1,500 "mal") in order to pay expenses for the season. Larger boats, carrying an average crew of 18 men and using two net boats and a larger purse net, require about 337 tons (2,500 "mal") for the season. ‘The aver= age catch per net, thus far, of 245 tons (1,813 "mal") makes it certain that fi- nancial losses by the boats, if any, will be well under last year's level. A few good catches would enable many of the BRAILING A GOOD HERRING CATCH oats to come off with a profit. Price paid to fishermen for fresh ene delivered for salting has been fixed by the State Herring Board at I.kr.151. 20, (US$9- 28), on the basis of a barrel of cut and salted herring, requiring an average of 135 kilograms (300 lbs.) of fresh whole herring. The corresponding price paid in 1950 was I.kr.122.00 (US$7-49) per barrel. Under certain agreements with herring processors, fishermen may alterna= tively receive I-kr.112.32 (US$6.89) for a 100-kilogram (220-lb.) barrel of fresh herring; this price is equivalent to US$9.28 for a barrel of cut and salted herring. The price for the current season is predicated on an average catch per boat of under 6,000 "mal" (810 metric tons). If the average catch is over that figure, an 8=per- cent production charge (I-kr.11.20 or US$0.69 for a barrel of cut and salted harring) will be deducted from the price paid to fishermen and credited to the "Catch Guarantee Fund" established by the Government to assist the domestic small-boat fishing fleet. 28 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No. 10 The price of raw whole herring delivered by fishermen to reduction plants dur- ing the present season was previously fixed at I-kr.110.16 (US#6-76) per "mal" (300 lbs.). This price is also predicated on an average catch per boat of under 6,000 "mal" (810 tons). The corresponding price in 1950 was I.kr.70 (US$,.30) per "mal". Fewer foreign boats were participating in this year's summer fishery. About 200 Norwegian herring boats were reported off Iceland as compared with 211 in 1950. In addition, there are about 25 Swedish boats (52 in 1950) and 5 Finnish boats, (15-20 in 1950). A few Russian boats, with a large ocean-going vessel as mother= ship, have also been sighted off the North Coast but no estimate of their number is available. It is reported, however, that the number of Russian boats is well below the 1950 figure. Whereas all Icelandic herring boats use purse nets, almost all foreign boats fish with drift nets. While satisfactory statistics are not available, it is understood that the catch by foreign boats thus far this year has been poor- However, the drift=net season normally improves after the middle of August. Small catches of herring have been made this summer off the Southwest Coast of Iceland by about 30 domestic boats using drift nets. It has been hoped that favorable runs of herring would be encountered in this area, similar to those in the winter of 1947-48 and the late summer of 1950. NOTE: SEE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW, AUGUST 1951, PP. 38-40. * eK OK OK ing for ocean perch were changing to fishing for the iced=-fish or salt-fish market, according to newspaper reports which state that in mid-August the fishery for ocean perch (rosefish) was very poor. One vessel, which had been out five days and tried the best banks as far as the Faroe Islands, had caught only 50 to 60 metric tons. Additional Icelandic trawlers may join the two now engaged in the Greenland cod fishery. Fishing for the German market was uncertain but was not expected to develop to any extent in August. In August, of Iceland's fleet of about 40 modern trawlers, 7 were engaged in fishing for the salt-fish market, one for iced fish, and 4 were taking part in the North Coast herring fishery. Eight trawlers were in harbor for classification, repairing, etc., while most of the remainder sought ocean perch, the September 6 issue of Fiskets Gang reports. Indonesia FIRST SHIPMENT OF ECA FISHING BOATS RECEIVED: Indonesia received the first ECA=financed shipment of fishing boats and motors from Japan and they were turned over to the Indonesian Sea Fisheries Service for distribution to the local fishing areas on August 20, a September 12 American Embassy dispatch from Djakarta reports. The second ECA=financed shipment of fishing boats was expected to arrive in early September. October 1951 COMMERCTAL FISHERTES REVIEW 29 Japan ANTARCTIC WHALING EXPEDITION FOR 1951-52 SEASON AUTHORIZED: Approval for the operation of a Japanese whaling expedition in the Antarctic for the 1951-52 season was requested from SCAP by the Japanese Government on June 30 this year. In reply to this request, SCAPIN 7462=-A (Subject: Japanese Whaling Operations in the Antarce tic in the 1951-52 Season) was issued on August 16. This order permits the whaling vessels to leave the authorized fishing area around the Home Islands and go to the Antarctic to engage in whaling operations. However, regulations on Japan's whaling operations are not included, inasmuch as Japan is now a member government of the Whaling Convention and is bound by its articles and schedule regulating the conduct of whaling in the same manner as other member governments. The expedition will consist of two fleets, states the August 25 Weekly Summary of SCAP's Natural Re= sources Section. Although Japan has been prominent as a whaling nation since 1930, Japan did not become a signatory of the International Whaling Convention until April 1951. Adherence by Japan became effective on April 21, 1951, and Japan then became a member government. The five previous expeditions authorized by SCAP produced approximately 578,000,000 pounds of edible oils and meat products valued at not less than US$70, 000,000. NINTH MOTHERSHIP=-TYPE TUNA EXPEDITION PLANNED: A small, short-term, Japanese mothership=-type tuna expedition will operate in th in the waters adjacent to the Trust Territory Pacific Islands oes the period September Le tenses 13, 1951- Area of operation will be from 3°=5° N. latitude and from 150 °_168° E. longitude. This expedition will consist of a mothership, the Tenryu Maru, of 557 gross metric tons, two 5=-ton dory=type catchers carried on the deck of the mothership, and two catchers of the 170=gross=ton class. The expedition has been designated the ninth and will be attached to the eighth tuna expedition for administrative and control purposes. One catcher left Japan on August 25, and one was scheduled to leave August 28. The mothership was to sail on August 30, transporting the two dory=type catchers. A catch of about 500,000 pounds of fish is expected. Past experience indicates that the catch will consist of about 65 percent yellowfin tuna and 35 percent of other tunas, swordfish, and shark. Plans are to offer all of the catch for domestic use rather than for export. RAINBOW TROUT INDUSTRY: Japanese rainbow trout growers raise 2,622,000 fish annually. Although only 2,000 pounds were exported to the United States in 1950, it is estimated that in 1951 these imports will increase to about 17,200 pounds. The size of the fish are a quarter pound each (four to a pound), and about 96 per~ cent of the total exports consist of this size. The balance is made up of one= third pound (three to a pound) fish. Few if any trout more than three to a pound are exported from Japan. There are 26 Government-operated hatcheries and 14), privately-operated hatch- eries raising rainbow trout. The principal freezing, cold storage, and shipping point is Shimizu City, Shizuoka Prefecture. Growers generally clean the trout be- SESE shipping to the freezing plant. The trout are frozen at a temperature of -13° F. 30 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No. 10 For export shipment, the trout are packed in 10-pound cartons and shipped in a card- board case holding five 10- pound cartons. Trout are gen- erally sold by individual grow- ers to one shipper having the necessary freezing facilities. - October through December are the months when the largest shipments are made. Trout cleaned, frozen, and packaged in cellophane bags are RAINBOW TROUT (NIDIMASU), SALMO IRIDEUS (GIBBON), CHIEF quoted at 45 cents per pound COMMERCIAL TROUT OF JAPAN, CAME ORIGINALLY FROM CALIFoR- f-0-b. Shimizu City. NIA. kkk KE CATCH OF SEVENTH MOTHERSHIP-TYPE TUNA EXPEDITION: A total of about 6,235,400 pounds of of tuna and other species of fish were caught by the seventh Japanese mother~ ship-type expedition, reports the September 8 Weekly Summary of SCAP's Natural Re- sources Section. On September 5 the Settsu Maru, mothership of this expedition, together with catcher boats, returned to Japan after 120 days of operation. The catch of the expedition consisted of: 2,741,460 pounds or 4) percent of yellowfin tuna, 1,467,140 pounds or 23 percent of other tunas, 1,418,150 pounds or 23 percent of spearfishes, 536,400 pounds or 9 percent of shark, and 72,250 pounds or 1 percent of other species. The average weight per fish was 65 pounds for yellowfin, 80 pounds for other tunas, 114 pounds for spearfish, and 55 pounds for sharks. Average catch per boat per day of operation was 5,200 pounds. Because of the lack of adequate refrigeration facilities on many of the fish= ing boats, only about 1,64/,,800 pounds or 60 percent of the yellowfin catch may be suitable for export. The belance of the production will be sold for local ccnsump tion. Tne expedition operated from June 12, 1951, to August 26, 1951, from 1 943° N. latitude and fram 153 -168° E- picned tude qunine the first two months, and from 6°= a7e N. latitude and 170°=-176° E. longitude during the last month of operation. xk KOK OX REGULATION OF EXPANDING PURSE=SEINE FISHERY UNDER STUDY: Ways and means of regulating the Japanese purse=seine fishery to prevent overexpansion and subsequent overfishing by this fishery are being considered by the Fisheries Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Under the present system, prefectural governments tissue all purse=seine licenses and regulations affecting this fishery. The fleet has expanded at an alarming rate since 1940, especially during 1947-50. Purse seiners are increasing not only in number but also in size of vessels and horse~ power. The area of operation is extending farther out to sea, and additional species are being included in the purse=seine catch. Problems such as overfishing, interference with established fisheries, and lack of uniformity in conservation October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 31 measures arising from this expansion are becoming increasingly difficult to cope with on the local level. The Fisheries Agency is now assembling data and back- ground material to be used in drafting new regulations. A summary of the informe= i tion supplied to date indicates the magnitude of the purse-seine industry. Purse-seine fisheries in Japan are classified as one- or two-boat operations. The vessels range in size from small nonpowered boats to powered vessels of over Table l = Number of Nets Used for Purse-Seine Fisheries, B ype of Operation -Non- severe es Tonnage in Metric Tons Operation powered 29 1919 100 metric tons (table 1). In 1949, the last year for which complete production statistics are now a 22 percent of the total reported finny-fish landings was taken by this fishery (table 2)- Before 1940 only sardines were taken; how- ever, since that time the sharp decrease in sardine production has resulted in Table 2 = Position of Purse-Seine Fisheries in Relation to Other Finny-Fish Sree LAHOT ICSI NOLO ee. SBS Ne ere BR ANP. | 194.9 Beri oars Nivea | All Finny-Fish | Purse Seine Fisheries | Finny=-Fish | Purse Seine Fisheries Item Unit Fisheries Percent otal powered vessels... Number 119,969 Metric Tons 864,818 Horsepower 2,138,822 Total production....... Metric Tons purse-seine operators turning to other species, such as mackerel, yellowtail, skip- jack, atka mackerel, end even sea bream and mullet in the Seto Naikai (Inland Sea), to supplement their incame- Despite the reduced sardine catch, 73 per= cent of which is taken by purse seines, the fleet doubled between April 1, 1948, and April 1, 1950. (Tonnage in Metric Tons 1% | canter 10 | “to-20" | over’ 20| nota In 1949, a total of 3,152 nets Under 10 10-20 Over 20] Total were used in the purse=seine type 629 537 125 1,29 fisheries (table 3). Of this num- 805 470 | ber, 1,962 were utilized in the 1,58 02 606 2,89 sardine fisheries, 281 for mackerel, 50 for tuna and skipjack, and 602 for miscellaneous fisheries. The remaining 257 nets were surrounding=type nets operated with weights. JAPANESE GOVERNMENT Ax Hehe materials, and Great Britain's failure to renew the 1950 contract for 1,000,000 cases of sardines, an August 3 dispatch fram the American Consulate at Gasantence points Out. 32 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No- 10 Great Britain is Morocco's biggest single customer. Britain's failure to renew its contract for canned sardines is the most severe misfortune facing Mo= roccan canners- The local British Ministry of Food representative, commenting on this situation, pointed out that during 1950 Great Britain stock=piled canned sardines and that these stocks in October totaled over 1,000,000 cases (Britain's annual consumption is estimated at 500,000 cases). Secondly, Moroccan sardines have been selling slowly in Great Britain, not because of the quality but because they are relatively unknown, and the marketing of the canned sardines under the terms of the 1950 contract was very poor. Moroccan canners were given the option of using lithographed cans or plain cans with small colorless paper labels. Most canners selected the latter unattractive labeling method. Furthermore, the can= ners were unable to agree upon a program of publicity in the British market and promotional efforts to move the sardines were very limited. There still exists the possibility of canners receiving a contract for the current season, but it would most likely be only a small one. Prospects for substitute markets are not bright. France, Morocco's second biggest customer, is unlikely to increase it's annual contingent (number of cases admitted into France free of duty) of 600,000 cases, and a further drop in canned fish exports to Germany is expected. In search for new markets, the canners are further handicapped by foreign unfamiliarity with the Moroccan product. Manufacturing costs have risen nearly 22 percent dus mainly to increases in oil and raw material costs (tin, fish, etc.). Production costs rose from 3,520 francs (US$10.06) to 4,315 francs (US#12.33) per case of 100 cans (¢ club) packed in olive oil (see table 1). Production costs for the peanut oil pack have not, however, increased as much as the olive oil pack mainly because peanut oil prices have not risen as much as Olive oil prices. But due to the numerous canneries (180), production costs for individual companies vary widely. Minimum costs in 1951-52 for these factories with lower labor costs or lower fixed costs are probably 3,800 to 3,900 francs (US$10.86-11-14) per case for pea- nut oil and 4,000 francs (US$18-.43) for olive oil; costs for the less efficient factories, it is estimated, may be 4,500 to 4,600 francs (US$12.86-13-14) per case. Early in 1951, "Table 1 = Estimated Average Production Costs SiabGlogiboies) [pesos 2 _—S—S——SSSSSSSSSSSSSSs9mmammnyosaaa SS 0S om Scand canners bought ; : el) | j} anticipating fur= a7 aL | ther price rises. | Canners contracted | for their entire ' season's supply at | that time. Since then, oil prices have sharply drop- ped in the world market and many | canners are now 0112/ (3.5 kilos): Peanut. .--ec-c.ee Oslkitvictnrcnctsrcrenerereieie Garicererericners wvexeherensterere ‘: Fish (30 kilos)3/....... | Totals: Peanut oil pack...-. Olive oil b pack. eee ee 2 : < complaining and HORSE CAN AEEANE ON PARITY WITH METROPOLITAN FRANC - 350 FRANCS EQUAL petitioning the F.0.B. CASABLANCA, Protectorate to [F FISH NOT OF TOP QUALITY, 40-60 KILOS MAY BE NECESSARY. authorize new im= LABOR AND OTHER COST VARY CONSIDER ASE ports of lower- priced oil. lies E AC is Nien October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 33 It has been generally accepted that the sardine canning industry has become overcrowded (from 45 firms in 1938 to approximately 180 in 1950). Many trade sources have openly suggested that the industry would benefit if during the cur- rent season the number of firms was reduced by 10 percent. It is reported that the Canners! Federation is not seriously trying to pressure the Protectorate for industry help, but prefers to forego Protectorate assistance in the hope of elim- inating some of the marginal firms. High profits obtained on exports to France should permit the sounder firms to cover costs and to realize some return on their investments. Profits will not, however, reach the same level as in the 1950-51 season. Many of the firms which were hastily established in the postwar years to cash in on high profits are now marginal firms and need the most help. Of the estimated 180 odd firms, approx- imately 25 are large (with a capacity of over 50,000 cases), 70 are medium (with a capacity of 30,000 to 50,000 cases), and 85 are small (with a Table 2 - Export Prices for Moroccan Canned Sardines, 951= 2l/ f.0.b- Casablanca, per case of 100 cans,7 club Francs $ 87, Clam juice__--__-- 1-gallon and larger cans Other sizes______ 88. Clams, processed _ 89. Codfish, salted, dry_. 90. Crab and crabmeat_ . Finnan haddie_- Round cans- . Fishballs and cakes. 96. Fish flakes and ground fish for hu only, excluding tuna flakes_ 97. Fish frankfurter: - 98, Fish livers. _-_-- In reusable 5-gallon square cans. In nonreusable 5-gallon square cans and smaller L6 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No. 10 Can materials Groupings and quota Product percentages Soldered or welded parts Fish and shellfish—Continued In oval drawn cans_----------------------------f-----_-- ff 103, Halibut 104, Herring, in oil, or brine (including sea and river ale- wives, anchovies, mackerel, pilchards and sar- dines) (1.25 tin plate may be used for scored 44 drawn car 34 3-piece cans__ Oval or oblong drawn (other than }4 drawn)__-_[--_.-......-..--]--------}-------- 105. Herring in tomato or mustard sauce (including sea and river alewives, anchovies, mackerel, pilchards and sardines in oval, round, oblong or drawn cans) (1.25 tin plate may be used for scored covers)-_ imited-..--]--------P----- = 106. Lobster, processed or Newberg-------------. 109. Mussels, processed __--2---------=_—_--_-__- 110. Oysters, processed -_ VOU RENO en In round double-sea: In oval or drawn cans. 112. Scallops, processed -.. 113, Shad_.----------- = In round double-seamed cans_ Tn oval or drawn cans__---- 114. Shrimp, processed _-.---. 115. Squid-------------- Plain bodies_ 116, Tuna, includin; 117. Turtle..----- = oo Miscellaneous food products 274, Animal and pet food_____.-.------------------------|} --------------]-------- ood. h____-----------------------------------_--__ fF --- =~ = 185. Chinese food _specialties_---..--- Oe eee eee eecccas) fae U4 Bescoacs) Chop suey. Chow mein. 4s Egg foo yong. 197. Dietary foods, specia) formula-._._---- 219. Soups, dehydrated____- L, §-gallon square cans only_-----------------------, 2%, Soups, liquid: Nonseasonal___-.---- “All other nonseasonal_ 230. All other nonprocessed foods-- 931. All other processed foods__--------------------------]--- Nonfood products 271. Oils (industrial): Animal, fish, or vegetable §-gallon square cans. All other sizes-_..-. ke KK * AMENDMENT TO CAN ORDER M-25 CLARIFIES SELECTION OF BASE PERIODS: An amend- ment to NPA Order M-25 (Cans) clarifies certain misunderstandings regarding the selection of base periods. Amendment 1 to M-25 states that packers of canned goods may choose one base period for one product and snother base period for gnh= other product in determining the number of cans they will be permitted to use for any specific product. For details see: M-25 (Cans), Amdt. 1 dated Oct. 8, 1951. kk OF OK MARINE MAINTENANCE, REPAIR, AND OPERATING SUPPLISS ORDER EXTENDED: Priority assistance for procurement of marine maintenance, repair, and operating supplies (MRO) and minor capital additions by ship operators, marine suppliers, and ship- ee ee eee eae ee ee ee eee i” alias October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 47 repair yards has been extended into the fourth quarter, pending further changes now being prepared, NPA announced on October 1. M-70, as amended, authorizes water transportation systems (any domesticeally- owned American flag vessel of any type): (1) to apply for CMP allotment numbers to obtain steel, copper, and aluminum and a@ DO-R-9 rating for non-controlled ma- terials; and (2) to build up their inventories in advance of orders to 120 ver- cent of their base period (fourth quarter 1950, or--for domestic vessel opera- tors--an option to use the first quarter as the base). Ship operators, marine suppliers, and ship=repair yards were permitted to apply a DO-rating or CMP allotment number for MRO supplies and minor capital ad= ditions during the third quarter. For details see: M=-70 (Marine Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Supplies and Minor Capital Additions), as amended Oct. 1, 1951. NOTE: FULL TEXTS OF MATERIALS ORDERS MAY BE OBTA!NED FROM NATIONAL PRODUCTION AUTHORITY, WASHINGTON 25, D.€., OR FROM ANY DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REGIONAL OR FIELD OFFICE. 7 NP } Economic Stabilization Agency OFFICE OF PRICE STABILIZATION CEILING PRICES OF CERTAIN FOODS SOLD AT RETAIL: Republished by OPS in Octo- ber were Ceiling Price Regulation 15 (Ceiling Prices of Certain Foods Sold at Re- tail in Group 3 and Group 4 Stores) to incorporate the text of Amendments! through 6, and Ceiling Price Regulation 16 (Ceiling Prices....in Group 1 and Group 2Stores) to also incorporate the text of Amendments 1 through 6. These regulations fix ceiling prices for "dry groceries" listed in Table A and the "perishables" listed in Table B for Group 3 and 4 retail stores (all retail stores, other than "inde- pendent" retail stores, doing an annual business of less than $375,000 and for all retail stores, whether "independent" or not, doing en annual business of $375,000 or more) and Group 1 and 2 stores (all "independent" retail stores doing an annual business of under $375,000). These regulations were originally issued on March 28, 1951. Only tables A of both orders contain food commodities of interest to the fishing and allied industries. These commodities and the mark-ups over "net cost" allowed by these regulations are as follows: Mark-ups Over "Net Cost” Allowed for Dry Groceries Covered by These Regulations by Group of Stores and Commodities Allowed Mark-ups Over Net Cost Ceiling Price Regulation 16 Group 1--Independent | Group 2--Independent retailers with net retailers with net annual volume of under annual volume of $75,000 $75,000 or more, but less than $375,000 Ceiling Price Group 3--Retailer other than inde- pendent with an- mual volume under 375,000 Group 4—-Any re- tailer with amnual volume of $375,000 Food Commodities Percent Percent Percent. 1. Baby fo00dS ceccecceerve 18 23 7. Dog and cat foods .eec- 24 27 8. Fish, processed cecess 21 27 10. Frozen foods ceccooe ece 27 27 27. Soups, “canned .eeece oe 19 26 36. Miscellaneous foods .. 35 40 For those specific commodities listed above of interest to the fishery and allied industries, on the following page are given the commodity definitions (ap- plicable to both domestic and imported items), commodities excluded from these 48 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIAW Vol- 13, No. 10 regulations but subject to GCPR or other applicable regulations, and commodities excluded from price control at wholesale and retail: (b) Commodity definitions. These defini- tions apply to both domestic and im- ported items (c) Commodities excluded from this | (d) Commodities excluded from price regulation, but subject to GCPR control at wholesale and retail or other applicable regulations (1) “Raby foods’? means ‘“‘baby’’ or ‘Jun- | (1) ‘‘Raby foods’. (1). ‘Raby foods’’. jor’’ cereals, fruits, vegetables, meats, Excluded are: Tixcluded are: pudding, soups and mixtures thereof, Dry baby cereals. None. acked in hermetically sealed containers. ot included in this definition are dry ‘baby cereals. (7) ‘‘Dog and cat food’’ shall not include |} (7) “Dog and cat food’’. (7) “Dog and cat food’’. any item prepared by you for pet food, or Excluded are: Excluded are: any frozen dog or cat food. None. None. (8) ‘Fish, processed’’ incluces canned fish, } (8) “Fish, processed’. (8) ‘Fish, processed’. canned seafood, and salted or otherwise Excluded are: Excluded are: processed fish, such as fish cakes. Not Frozen fish and_ seafood, Fresh fish and seafood, canned included in this definition are frozen food canned clams: and kippered, clam juice, fish and seafood products in which fish or seafood are marinated, dried or smoked pates, pastes and purees, combined with other ingredients, clams, fish and seafood (except sar- sauce containing fish and sea- crab meat, lobster, lobster bisque, and dines). food, fish roe, caviar, fish and seafood hors d'oeuvres; and imported “‘fish, processed”’ if imported in consumer size containers, except tuna, crab meat and salmon. oysters. (10) ‘‘Frozen foods’”” means ‘packaged (10) ‘‘ Frozen foods’’. (10) ‘Frozen foods’’. quick-frozen or cold-packed foods sold Excluded are: Excluded are: from refrigerated cabinets or lockers, in- Frozen fruits, berries, fruit or Frozen hollandaise sauce. berry juices and mixtures in containers ef a capacity of more than 50 pounds, frozen fish and seafood, frozen meat, poultry, ice cream, sherbet and frozen confec- tions. cluding, but not limited to all fruits, berries, fruit or berry juices, and mix- tures (except any of the foregoing in con- tainers of a capacity of more than 50 pounds), vegetables, vegetable juices, and mixtures, including mushrooms, dog and cat foods not prepared by you for pet foods, applesauce, macaroni and spaghetti products, chop suey, chow mein, gravies, pork-and-beans, soups, food products in which meat, chicken, turkey, fish or seafood are combined with other ingredients, meat stews, and corned beef hash, frozen instant coffee, concentrated frozen fresh milk, frozen meat pies, frozen pies and pastries. (27) ‘‘Soups, canned”’. Excluded are: Turtle, wine and _ sherry flavored, fish or seafood soups (except clam chowder), smoked turkey and game bird soups; almond, arti- choke, broccoli, cucumber and watercress soups; all imported soups if imported in consumer size containers. (27) ‘‘Soups, canned”. Excluded are: All bisques (except tomato, chicken, celery and mush- room), vichysoisse, mines- trone and bouillabaisse. (27) ‘‘Soups, canned’? includes soups, broths and chowder. Not included in this definition ure meat stews, ‘‘baby”’ or ‘junior’? soups, dehydrated soups, and frozen soups. (36) ‘‘Miscellaneous foods’’ shall include | (36) ‘(Miscellaneous foods’. (36) ‘Miscellaneous foods” all other dry grocery items except Excluded are: Excluded are: ‘ those specifically excluded in para- ®eed, animal or poultry (other Truffles, capers, canned snails, graphs () and (d) we this section. than pet food). cane or peey Sueats MISS mong the items included under this fe snake meat, easter egg Gye heading are the following: Frozen fish and seafood. Endtchiveloil™ 4 Crab meat Oysters (canned) For details see: CPR 15, Collaticn 1, Including Amdts. 1-4 (Ceiling Prices of Certain Foods Sold at Retail in Group 3 and Group 4 Stores) and CPR 16, Col-~ lation 1, Including Amdts. 1-4 (Ceiling Prices of Certain Foods Sold at Retail in Group 1 and Group 2 Stores). ee KK IMPORTS CEILING PRICE REGULATION: CPR 31 (Imports), republished to incor- porate the text of Amendments 1 through 9 by OPS on September 26, provides a for-= mula whereby importers, wholesalers, and retailers of imported commodities shall compute their ceiling prices for sales thereof on the basis of prices in effect during a base period extending from July 1, 1949, to June 30, 1950. All of the provisions of the GCPR, except section 14, heretofore applicable to importers and to the sale of imported commodities are superseded by this order except with re- spect to the sale of certain commodities. Fishery products and byproducts imports come under CPR 321. The effective date of this regulation was September 1, 1951. 7 ; October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 4g With respect to the sale by other than importers of imported commodities at wholesale and retail levels, CPR 7 shall govern the pricing at the retail level of all imported non-food commodities specifically covered thereby, and CPR 14, 15, and 16 shall govern the pricing at the wholesale and retail level of all im- ported food commodities specifically covered tksreby-. Any imported commodity which does not specifically fall within the coverage of CPR 7, 14, 15, and 16 shall be priced for wholesale or retail sale under sections 4 and 5 of CPR 31. For details see: 1951. ADJUSTMENT OF CEILING PRICES FOR CERTAIN INSTITUTIONAL SELLERS: CPR 31, Collation 1, including Amdts. x KE K K 1-9, dated Sept. 26, Wholesale grocers who sell to institutions were authorized by OPS to use their business volume for either their most recent fiscal year before May 1, 1951, or the 1950 calendar year in qualifying for a special markup for performing extra services in institutional sales. issued on October 15, effective October 20. This adjustment is contained in Amendment 9 to CPR 14 In order to qualify for the extra markup, wholesalers must show that their total gross margin on institutional sales of foods listed in table "4" of the wholesale grocery regulation (CPR 14) was at least 19 percent of gross sales for 1950 or the fiscal year. For details see: Amdt. 9 (Adjustment of Ceiling Prices for Certain Institu- tional Sellers) to CPR 14 (Ceiling Prices of Certain Foods Sold at Wholesale), issued Oct. 15, 1951. INTERPRETATION OF EFFECT OF FREIGHT INCREASES ON CEILING PRICES: a ok ok ok Ok A general — Ce interpretation of the effect of recent freight increases on ceiling prices was issued by OPS on September 10 for the information of sellers operating under price regulations. The full text of General Interpretation 3 follows: Gen. INT. 3—INCREASE IN RAILROAD FREIGHT RATES A number of sellers have inquired as, to whether they may add to their ceiling: prices the increases in railroad rates recently authorized by the Interstate Commerce Commission (Ex Parte 175, August 2, 1951). Inclusion of freight in ceiling prices is determined by the specific regu- lation which may be applicable to the seller, and increases in freight rates may be added to a ceiling price only where, such regulation permits this addition. With respect to sellers under the Gen- eral Ceiling Price Regulation, Interpre- tation 1 under GCPR, issued April 9, 1951, states that increases in freight may be passed along to the purchaser only in the situations specified and only in connection with outbound freight charges. Inasmuch as the increases allowed by the ICC could become effective only after August 2, 1951, such freight rate in- ‘creases would not constitute a cost in- crease which must be reflected in ceil- ing prices under section 104 (e) of the Defense Production Act Amendments of 1951, which provides that certain cost increasés occurring prior to July 26, 1951, must be reflected in ceiling prices. Ke OK OK * {t is the policy of the Office of Price Stabilization to afford relief to sellers ‘where cost increases would result in inequities, and various of the regulations issued provide for adjustments in cer- tain cases. Freight costs would consti- tute ‘‘costs” under these adjustment pro- visions and may, in appropriate cases, provide a basis for relief under the ap- plicable regulations. (Sec. 704, 64 Stat. 816, as amended; 50 U.S. C. ‘App. Sup. 2154) HaROLD LEVENTHAL, Chief Counsel, Office of Price Stabilization. SEPTEMBER 10, 1951. SHIPS MATERIALS COST ADJUSIMENT UNDER CPR 30: Amendment 17 to CPR 30 (Ma- chinery Ty and Related Manufactured Goods) is: issued on October 8 by OPS gives an alter= native method of determining materials cost adjustments for manufacturers who have not already filed their computations. (CPR 30 as amended cn June 20 includes 50 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No. 10 ships- Ships are defined as "any ship or boat powered by an inboard engine and barges and cargo-carrying barges whether powered or not." Sales of ships by others than manufacturers are covered by GCPR- ) Designed to simplify the calculations necessary to determine materials cost adjustments, this new amendment permits manufacturers to compute their materials cost adjustments by making required computations only for those materials which account for 75 percent of the cost of all materials. However, manufacturers must include in their computations each manufacturing material which accounts for 3 percent or more of their total manufacturing materials costs. For details see: Amdt. 17 (Alternative Method of Determining Materials Cost Adjustment) dated Oct. 8, 1951, to CPR 30 (Machinery and Related Manufactured Goods). ** ek * K NEW SHIPS AND REPAIR AND CONVERSION OF SHIPS TEMPORARILY NOT UNDER PRICE CONTROL: Application of price controls to sales by shipbuilders of certain new ships and to repair and conversion of ships was temporarily suspended by OPS on October 11 by the issuance of GOR 9, Amdt. 7 (Temporary Suspension of Application of Ceiling Price Regulations to Sales of Certain New Ships by Shipbuilders and to Repair and Conversion of Ships). This action is teken pending a study being made by OPS to develop a price regulation tailored to the pricing practices and needs of the shipbuilding industry. Shipbuilders have been covered by Ceiling Price Regulation 30 (Machinery) or by the General Ceiling Price Regulation (GCPR) if they do not use CPR 30. Because of the peculiar pricing problems related to this industry, pricing under the ap- plicable regulations has been found to be impractical. The suspension of price control in this instance will run for sixty days from the effective date of the amendment, or such earlier date as may be specified by a regulation issued by OPS. The regulation became effective on October 15, and applies only to sales, by the builder, of any new ship, barge, canal boat, lighter, or tug, 65 feet or more in length and to the repair and conversion of the same type of craft of 65 feet or more in length. For details see: GOR 9, Amdt. 7 (Temporary Suspension of Application of Ceiling Price Regulations to Sales of Certain New Ships by Shipbuilders and to Repair and Conversion of Ships), issued Oct. 10, 1951. ke KK HAWAIIAN WHOLESALE GROCERY REGULATION INCLUDES FISHERY PRODUCTS: CPR 69, wholesale in the Territory of Hawaii. Since the Territories of the United States were excluded from the coverage of CPR-14, sales of groceries at wholesale in Hawaii had continued subject to CPR 9 except in the case of locally-produced, manu- factured, or processed items which were covered by GCPR- Among the commodities included in the listed items are frozen meats (including fish), canned seafood (including all processed fish and seafood packed in metal, glass, or any other containers, and includes, but is not limited to oysters, codfish cakes, flakes, barracuda, squid, mackerel, abalone, crab meat, lobster, salmon, sardines, shrimp, canned clam juice and broth), and dried and shredded seafood (includes but is not limited to fish, shrimp, and cod in a dried condition), and imported foods (includes any food item imported directly into Hawaii from a country other e z October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 51 then the United States, its Territories and Possessions). With certain minor ex- ceptions, the margins provided by this regulation for the items listed are iden- tical with the reguler OPS margins. For details sea: CPR 69 (Hawaiian Wholesale Grocery Regulation), issued Sept. 6, 1951. * ee * * A formal statement, suggesting that it be given an opportunity to review and of- fer suggestions on proposed pricing regulations, is being drawn up by the Policies and Regulations Subcommittee of the Consumer Advisory Committee of the Office of Price Stabilization, members said on September 12. The statement, authorized by the full committee in a meeting on September 11 in OPS Headquarters, will be presented to the Assistant Director of Price Stabil- ization. Members of the committee were told that while OPS felt the consumer's interest was now represented by OPS officials in deliberations on pricing regula- tions, the possibilities of more formal consumer consultation would be considered. The Assistant Director also told the meeting that OPS recognized that, in order to facilitate compliance with ceiling price regulations and assist the con- sumer in knowing whether or not selling prices are authorized by OPS, the Agency must issue more tailored regulations setting up easily identifiable ceiling prices. This process is a current goal of the Agency. NOTE: FULL TEXTS OF PRICE ORDERS MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE OFFICE OF PRICE STABILIZATION, WASHINGTON 25, D. C., OR FROM THE REGIONAL OPS OFFICE IN YOUR AREA. oF General Services Administration NEW CANNED SALMON FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS ISSUED: New canned salmon specifi- cations for use by all Federal agencies in procuring this commodity were issued on August 8 by the General Services Administration. The new specifications, PP=S=3lb dated August 8, 1951, supersede PP-S-3la dated July 29, 1941. The requirements of the new specifications indicate that canned salmon shall be of the latest pack, and shall not have been prepared from frozen salmon unless otherwise specified in the invitation for bids. The only major change is the pro= vision that natural salmon oil may be added. Copies of PP=S=-3lb are for sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washing= ton 25, D- C., at 5 cents per copy. | Department of the Interior DEFENSE FISHERIES ADMINISTRATION —_——« ee BOATS: Arrangements have been made with the Ordnance and Shipbuilding Division of NPA to expedite the issuance of priorities for the conversion and construction 52 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No. 10 of Bristol Bay gill-net boats, the Defense Fisheries Administration announced early in October. Priorities for the conversion of these craft will be granted in accordance with the provisions of NPA Regulation M=-70. Since the ccst of the conversion will be in excess of the quota provisions of M=-70, and the capital addition will be greater than $750, the maximum allowed in the order, it will be necessary for each firm with a program for converting gill=-net vessels to power to make application in triplicate to NPA at Washington, D. C., for adjustment in its MRO quota in ace cordance with the provisions of Section 16 of Order M-70. Officials of the Ordnance and Shipbuilding Division of NPA have indicated that they expect to be able to provide the materials required for the construction of new Bristol Bay gill-net boats. Application for the controlled materials re= quired for the construction of these craft and a preference rating to be used in obtaining the other items required should be requested from NPA on Form CMP-/B. This application can be filed either with the local office of NPA or the Washing-= ton office, depending upon the amount of materials required. The applications are to be filed by the firm actually engaged in constructing the new boats. If the builders! requirements of controlled materials do not exceed 100 tons of car= bon steel per quarter, 5 tons of alloy, 500 pounds of stainless steel, 2 tons of copper products, and 1,000 pounds of aluminum, the application should be filed with the local NPA office. If a greater amount of controlled materials are re- quired, the application should be submitted to Washington, D. C. In submitting CMP-4B applications, builders should submit separate applica- tions for the various types of craft they propose to build; that is, request for materials for Bristol Bay gill=-net boats should be requested separately from ma- terials required for purse=seiners. In filing applications with the NPA Washing= ton office for the conversion of Bristol Bay gill=-net boats or for the construc= tion of new boats, it is requested that copies be forwarded to the Defense Fish= eries Administration, Washington 25, D- C., so that they can assist in expediting approval. Eighty-Second Congress (First Session) SEPTEMBER 1951 Listed below are public bills and resolutions introduced and referred to com= mittees, or passed by the Eighty-Second Congress (First Session) and signed by the President, that affect in any way the fisheries and allied industries. Public bills and resolutions are shown in this section only when introduced and if passed when they are signed by the President. The more pertinent reports, hearings, or chamber actions on some of the bills shown in this section from month to month are also listed. BILLS AND RESOWTIONS INTRODUCED: at the highest level prevailing during a rep- resentative base period between January 1, Ceiling Prices--Provisionsfor Increased | 1950, and June 24, 1950, adjusted for increases Costs: S-. 2155 (Capehart, for himself, or decreases in costs between such period and Bricker, Schoeppel, and Dirksen) = A bill to | July 26, 1951. Thereafter, no price ceiling amend the Defense Production Act of 1950, as shall be increased except to the extent nec- amended; to the Committee on Banking and Cur= essary to reflect direct and indirect labor rency- (Provides for the President, 60 days | cost increases occurring after July 26, 1951, after enactment, to issue regulations estab- and paid by the seller. ) lishing manufacturers! and processors! prices} es October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 53 Defense Production Act of 1950 Amend- ment: S. 2170 (Maybank, “for himself, Ful- bright, Robertsen, Sparkman, Freer, Douglas, Benton, and Moody) - A bill to amend the De- fense Production Act of 1950, as amended; to the Committee on Banking and Currency. Reported to the Senate on the same date with- out amendment. (Provides that ceiling prices for sales of manufacturers or processors shall not be lower than those prevailing be- fore the date of issuance of a regulation, or lower than those prevailing during Janu- ary 25, 1951, to February 24, 1951. However, this shall not prohibit the establishment or maintenance of a ceiling price applicable to the sales of manufacturers or processors which (1) reflects the highest level of prices prevailing during a representative base period between January 1, 1950, and June 24, 1950, inclusive, adjusted for in- creases or decreases in costs between such period and July 26, 1951, or (2) is estab- lished under a regulation issued prior to the enactment of this paragraph. The ad- justment for increases or decreases in costs as prescribed in (1) shall include adjust- ment for changes in necessary and unavoidable costs, including all labor, material, and transportation costs and a reasonable al- lowance, as determined by the President, for changes in all other necessary and unavoid- able costs, including selling, advertising, office and all other production, distribu- tion, and administration costs, which he finds are properly allocable to the produc= tion and sale of the materials sold by the manufacturers and processors. President is to make appropriate provision for adjust- ment for any manufacturer or processor whose ceiling prices result in financial hardship. ) Fats and Oils Import Control Amendment - Repeal: | Ss. Sy alin Ok (biaybank ) = A bill to re- peal section 104, of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as emended; to the Committee on. Banking and Currency. (This section deals with certain import controls on fats and oils, including oil-bearing materials, fatty acids, butter,....-. ) Fishermen's Organizations Have Voice in Ex-vessel Sales of Fish: S- 2175 (Mag- men's organizations, regardless of their technical legal status, have a voice in the ex-vessel sale of fish or other aqua- tic products on which the livelihood of their members depends; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. (A- mends section 1 of Public Law 444, 73rd Congress, entitled "An Act authorizing as- sociations of producers of aquatic prod= ucts." Also: H-. R- 5667 (Shelley)... Investigation of Fishing Facilities for Hire: H- Res. Rll (O'Toole) = A reso- Tution to investigate practices in the fishing industry involving vesse]s of less than 20 tons; to the Committee on Rules. (Calls for the investigation of the "prac- tices of the business that offers fishing facilities for hire in vessels of less than twenty tons. '') Social Security Coverage for Fisher- men: H- R- 5408 (Mitchell) - A A bill to extend coverage under the Federal old-age and survivors insurance system to employees performing services in the catching, taking, harvesting, cultivating, or farming of any kind of fish, shellfish, and other aquatic forms of animal or vegetable life; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Tuna Import Duty: H- R- 5308 (Scud- der) = A >A bill to amend the Tariff Act of 1930, so as to impose certain duties upon the importation of. tua, fish; to the Com mittee on Ways and Means. (Provides for an import duty of 5 cents per pound on fresh and frozen tuna- ) Tuna Import Duty: H- R- 5367 (McKin- non) - A bill to amend the Tariff Act of 1930, so as to impose certain duties upon the importation of tuna fish; to the Com- mittee on Ways and Means. (Provides for a duty of 30 percent ad valorem for fresh and frozen tuna except that for 15 percent of the average annual consumption of tuna during the preceding three calendar years the rate of duty shall be 15 percent ad valorem. Average apparent annual consump=- tion of tuna in any calendar year shall be the amount of fresh and frozen tuna landed in the United States on U. S. vessels ~lus the quantity imported, reduced to a round- weight basis. ) Also H. R- 5371 (Tollefson)... H. R- 5380 (Bramblett..- H. R. 5409 (Mitchell)... H. R- 5429 (King)... Tuna Import Duty: H. R- 5475 (Poul- son) = A bill to amend the Tariff Act of 1930, so as to impose cert2in duties upon Bh COMMERCIAL Pick the importation of tuna fish; to the Com- mittee on Ways and Means. (Provides for a 5 cents per pound duty on all fresh and fro- zen tuna and tuna-like fish, and a duty of 45 percent ad valorem for tuna and tuna-like fish prepared or preserved in any manner when packed in air-tight containers weighing with their contents not more than fifteen pounds each. )} Tuna (Albacore) Import Duty: H- R- 5370 (Tollefson ) = A bill to amend the Tariff Act of 1930, so as to impose certain duties upon the importation of albacore; to the Committee’ on Ways and Neans. (Provisions are the same as H- R- 5367, except that a duty of 45 per- cent ad valorem for fresh and frozen Albacore shall be imposed, but the duty for 15 percent of the average annual consumption of albacore shall be 224 percent ad valorem. ) Water Pollution Prevention: H- R- 5474 (Byrnes of Wisconsin) - A bill to encourage the prevention of water pollution by allow- _ing amounts paid for industrial waste treat- ment works to be amortized at an accelerated rate for incame-tax purposes; to the Commit- tee on Ways and Means. CHAMBER ACTIONS: Collisions At Sea: Senate reported (Sept, 26) H. R- 5013, %6 authorize the President to proclaim regulations for pre= venting collisions involving water-borne craft upon the high seas and in waters con= nected therewith (S. Rept. 838). Defense Production--President's Mes— sage: Received a message (Sept. 12) rom the President submitting certain rec= ommendations to revise and strengthen the stabilization program by amending the De= fense Production Act. The message was re= ferred to the Committee on Besar and Cur- rency- Fats and Oils Import Controls: Senate Committee on Banking and Currency (Sept 20). voted to report without amendment S. 2104, to’ “repeal section 104 of the Defense Pro-= duction Act of 1950, relative to import con- trols on fats and oils and related products. 2104. Marketing Facilities for Perishable Commodities: House reported (Sept. 1h) H. R- 39, to encourage the improvement and development of marketing facilities for Senate reported (Sept. 20) S. HERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, Ne. 10 handling perishable agricultural commodities (H: Rept. 972). Fouse voted on Sept. 26 (180 to 162) to recommit to the Committee on Agriculture H. R- 39, to encourage the improvement and development of marketing facilities for handling perishable agricultural cammodities. Price Ceilings--Modification of Manu=- facturers and Processors! Costs Provisions: Senate Committee on Banking and Currency (Sept. 20) voted to report with amendments S. 2092, to amend the Defense Production Act of 1950, regarding price ceilings for manufacturers and processors. (The amend- ments are designed to make the so-called - Capehart amendment to the Defense Produc= tion Act more workable. ) Senate reported (Sept. 2/4) S. 2170, to amend the Defense Production Act of 1950, regarding price ceilings for manufacturers and processors, with minority views (S. Rept. 796). - CONGRESSIONAL REPORTS: Amending the Defense Production Act of 1950, AS ‘Amended, Senate Report No- 796 (September 2k, 1951, 1, 82d Congress, lst sues sion), 18 p-, printed, pursuant to S. 2170 (82d Congress, 1st Session), to amend the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended. Committee on Banking and Currency recom= mended passage of the bill. Authorizing the President to Proclaim Regulations for Preventing nting Collisions at Sea, Senate Report No. 838 (September 26, 1951, “g2a Congress, “Ist Session), 9 p-, printed, pursuant to H. R- 5013 (82d Con- gress, lst Session), to authorize the President to proclaim regulations forpre- venting collisions at sea. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce recommend- ed passage of the bill without amendment and accepted House Report No. 807 dated August 20, 1951, on this same bill. The purpose of the bill is to authorize the President to proclaim regulations for pre= venting collisions involving water-borne craft, whether aircraft or surface ves- sels, upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith, except certain desig- nated inland water areas and aircraft in Territorial waters of the United States; and authorizes the President to accept, on pehalf of the United States, the revised . international regulations drafted at the Octeber 1951 International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea which convened in London in 1948. Marketing Facilities Improvement Act, House Report No- 972 (September 14, 1951, 82d Congress, lst Session), 10 p-., printed pursuant to H- R- 39 (82d Congress, ist Ses- sion), to encourage the improvement and de- COMMERCIAL FISi@nIES REV IAW a Sn Congress, lst Session), 11 p., printed, pursuant to S. 2104 (82d Congress, lst .Session), to repeal section 104, of the De- fense Production Act of 1950, as amended. Committee on Banking and Currency recom=- mended passage of the bill. Section:104 reads as follows in part: 'tImport controls of fats and oils (including oil-bearing velopment of marketing facilities for handl- ing perishable agricultural commodities. Committee on Agriculture recommended passage of the bill without amendment. This report explains the purpose of the bill and points out that no federal loans or grants are in- volved, and that it would result in poten- tial savings to consumers and benefit farm- erse An analysis of the bill is included. Although mainly intended for agricultural commodities the bill defines "Perishable agricultural commodities" as follows: "means agricultural commodities and products there- of, consisting principally of fresh fruits and vegetables, handled alone or in combina=- tion with poultry, eggs, meats, seafood, and dairy products." materials, fatty acids, and....), ..-. are necessary for the protection of the essen= tial security interests and economy of the United States in the existing emergency in international relations, and no imports of any such commodity or product shall be ad- mitted to the United States until after June 30, 1952...." BILLS SIGNED BY THE PRESIDENT: Certain Mollusk Imports Barred: H.R. 4113, to prevent the entry of certain mol- lusks into the U- S. Signed September 22, 1951 (P- L. 152). Prohibits entry of ter- restrial or fresh-water mollusks. interior Appropriations for 1952: H- R- “3790, Interior Appropriations for 1952- Signed August 31, 1951 (P-L. 136). Repealing Section 104 of the Defense Production Act of 1950 1950, As Amended, Senate Senate Report No No. 790 (September - 20, 1951, Baan U. S. PACKAGED FISH PRODUCTION--1950 DO YOU KNOW.... That fresh and frozen packaged fish production (fillets, steaks, and split butterfly) in the continental United States during 1950 totaled 191,524,111 pounds, valued at $53,482,794 to the processor. This was a decrease of 1 percent in quantity but an increase of 11 percent in value as compared with the previcus year. The principal items produced were ocean perch (rosefish) fillets (63,128,125 pounds, valued at $15,126,456) and haddock fillets (51,192,045 pounds, valued at $1/,275,193). Production of groundfish fillets(cod, cusk, haddock, hake, pollock, and ocean perch or rosefish) during 1950 amounted to 136,572,409 pounds, valued at $3/,,044,854. Imports of these fillets during the year amounted to 64,799,711 pounds, valued at $11,735,589- It is estimated that about 575,000,9CO pounds of round fish were required for the 191,524,111 pounds of packaged fish produced in 1950. Fackaged Fish--1950, C.F.S. No. 672. 56 COLMERCLAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 12, No. 10 LANDINGS AND RECEIPTS In Millions MAINE - LANDINGS NOT INCLUDING IMPORTS CUMULATIVE DATA TOP) 8 Hgs. 1951 - 141.6 B , 1950 - 259. 2 Nelefo) S SIE la JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. NEW YORK CITY-RECEIPTS OF FRESH & FROZEN FISH’ _SALT-WATER MARKET CUMULATIVE j 24 - 1951 = 141. 1950 - 148. 1950 - 174. fo) JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG, SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. GULF - SHRIMP LANDINGS HEADS OFF - FOR ALL USES " CUMULATIVE DATA 9 MS. 1951 - 51.8} 9 1950 - 40.4ff " JULY AUG. SEPT. OGT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE In Thousands CALIFORNIA - PILCHARD LANDINGS CUMULATIVE DATA 4 MQS. 1951/52 SEASON - 90.0) 1950/51 SEASON -154.9 1950/51 SEASON -355.0 ee fo) L JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE Pounds MASSACHUSETTS - LANDINGS BOSTON , GLOUCESTER , NEW BEDFORD , & CAPE coD CUMULATIVE Le) 8 MQS. 1951 - 398.6 70 8 1950 - 357.6 " 12 1950 - 522.6 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. CHICAGO - RECEIPTS OF FRESH & FROZEN FISH WHOLESALE MARKET H 9 MQs. 1951 - 73.5 9 1950 - 78.9 1950 _-107.0) JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. SEATTLE - RECEIPTS OF FRESH & FROZEN FISH WHOLESALE MARKET , LANDINGS , & IMPORTS CUMULATIVE DATA 16 ~ 1951 = 78.1 14 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. of Tons "CUMULATIVE DATA . 1951 = 148.7 1950 - 155.4 1950 - 191.0 JAN. FEB. MAR, APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. CALIFORNIA- TUNA AND TUNA-LIKE FISH 46 October: 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 57 COLD STORAGE HOLDINGS and FREEZINGS of FISHERY PRODUCTS In Millions U.S. & ALASKA - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH © JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. NEW ENGLAND - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. DEC. : CHICAGO - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH ) Qu £ a o 1 @ ow JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND ALASKA - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH 48 - | 42 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. Pounds U.S. & ALASKA - FREEZINGS - fo) JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. NEW YORK CITY - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. GULF - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. CALIFORNIA - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH 58 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No. 10 CANNED FISHERY PRODUCTS In Thousands of Standard Cases MAINE - SARDINES , ESTIMATED PACK UNITED STATES - SHRIMP = = CUMULATIVE DATA CUMULATIVE DATA 1951/52 SEASON, JULY-OCT. 1950/51 SEASON, JULY-OCT. 1950/51 SEASON, TOTAL JULY-JUNE- 817.0 —s JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR.MAY JUNE CALIFORNIA - TUNA AND TUNA-LIKE FISH PGAUIFORNIAS PILCHARDS eee 237n 4 ee I CUMULATIVE DATA 1951/52 SEASON, TOTAL ,AUG.-JAN.— JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. 20 CALIFORNIA - MACKEREL ALASKA - SALMON CUMULATIVE DATA |__ TOTAL 1950 = PRELIMINARY __ 2400 (2S 3 | , JAN. FEB. MAR. APR..MAY. JUNE_JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. WASHINGTON - PUGET SOUND SALMON STANDARD CASES Variety No.Cans Can Designation Net. Wgt. SARDINES 100 V4 drawn 3 1/4 oz. SHRIMP 48 _ 5 oz. TUNA 48 No. 1/2 tuna 7 oz. | PILCHARDS 48 No. 1 oval 15 oz. MACKEREL 48 No. 300 15 oz. \ SALMON 48 —_1_pound tall 16 oz. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. October 1951 COMMERCIAL fISKESIES REVIEW 2) PRICES , IMPORTS and BY-PRODUCTS _BOSTON - WEIGHTED AVERAGE PRICE ON NEW ENGLAND FISH EXCHANGE IN ¢ PER POUND a JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. Hae) In Millions of U.S. - IMPORTS OF FRESH & FROZEN - FILLETS OF GROUND FISH, INCLUDING. ROSEFISH 4 JAN. FEB. MAR, APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. ' In Millions of U.S.- IMPORTS OF CANNED TUNA 1O.4 AND TUNA-LIKE FISH ae CUMULATIVE DATA U.S. & ALASKA - PRODUCTION OF FISH MEAL b IN THOUSANDS OF TONS (CUMULATIVE DATA 9 MQS. 1951 - 155.0 9 | 1950 - 158.5 12 1950 - 218.5 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. MAINE: - IMPORTS OF FRESH SEA HERRING IN MILLIONS OF POUNDS 24 CUMULATIVE DATA . 1951 - 20.8 2i 1950 - 37.1 1 = 950 39.2 18 15 12 9 (=) 3 : Li A {e) JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. Pounds U.S.- IMPORTS OF FRESH AND FROZEN SHRIMP FROM MEXICO CUMULATIVE DATA 8 eee 7 gil2 1950 - 39.7 : 6 5 4 3 2 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. Pounds U.S.-IMPORTS OF CANNED SARDINES ( Include in oil and not in oil ) QS- 1951 - 20 n 1950 - 21.0 1950 - 30.4 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. ‘U.S. & ALASKA - PRODUCTION OF FISH OIL IN MILLIONS OF GALLONS 94.1, CUMULATIVE DATA 9 gS. 1951 - 15.1 9-1 1950 - 14.8) 12 1950 = 22.1 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. 60 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13, No. 16 Pag ce ne — rt he es Ms 2 * se eee e Recent publications of interest to the demmcenienl ewe. induatey are listed below. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE PUBLICATIONS THESE PROCESSED PUBLICATIONS ARE AVAILABLE FREE FROM THE DIVISION OF INFORMATION, U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERV! CE, WASH- INGTON 25, D. C. TYPES ” OF PUBLICATIONS ARE DESIGNATED AS FOLLOWS. CFS - CURRENT FISHERY STATISTICS OF THE UNITED STATES AND ALASKA. FISHERY LEAFLETS STATISTICAL SECTION LISTS OF DEALERS IN AND PRODUCERS OF FISHERY PRODUCTS AND BYPRODUCTS. SEP.- SEPARATES (REPRINTS) FROM COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW FL SL Number Hitle Number Title CFS-623 - Maine Landings, 1950 Annual Sum- Wholesale Dealers in Fishery Products mary - By Counties, 12 p- (Revised): cFS-669 - Florida Landings, June 1951, 4 p SL= 5 - Connecticut, 1951, 1 p- CFS-671 = Canned Fish and Byproducts, 1950 SL- 7 - New Jersey, 1951, 5 p- Annual Summery, 20 p- SL-88 - Pennsylvania, 1951, 3 p- CFS-673 - Frozen Fish Report, August 1951, SI- 9 - Delaware, 1951, 1 p- 10 p- SI-16 - Florida, 1951, 10 p- CFS=675 - Texas Landings, July 1951, 4 p- SL-18 - Mississippi, 1951, 3 p- CFS-676 = Maine Landings, June 1951, 4 p- CFS=680 - Mississippi Landings, July 1951, Sep- 289 - Expansion of Gulf of Mexico 2 De Shrimp Fishery, 19/,5-50. FL -394 - Gulf of Mexico Shrimp Trawl De- signs, 17 p- MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS THESE PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT AVAILABLE FROM THE FISH AND WILD- LIFE SERVICE, BUT USUALLY MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE AGENCIES 1SSUING THEM. CORRESPONDENCE REGARDING PUBL|CATIONS THAT FOLLOW SHOULD BE ADDRESSED TO THE RESPECTIVE AGENCIES OR PUBLISHERS MENTIONED. DATA ON PRICES, IF READILY AVAILABLE, ARE SHOWN. Adventures in "Rockfish" Cookery (let's Try of Oregon's most abundant marine foods. Something g Different), by Margaret R.- The recipes presented were developed to Lunning and E-. W. Harvey, Station Bul- help acquaint housewives with this "new" letin 501, 22 5-, illus., printed. Agri- fish caught off Oregon's coastal waters. cultural Experiment Station, Oregon Some of the recipes presented are Oven State College, Corvallis, Oregon, Sep- Sauteed Rockfish, Rockfish Surprise, tember 1951. Recipes for the compara- Baked Fillets Margo, Perch Piquant, Stuf= tively unknown rockfishes developed ex- fed Fillets, Baked Oregon Supreme, Rain= clusively by the Oregon Seafoods Labo- bow Loaf, Rockfish Espanol, and Rockfish ratory are presented in this booklet. El Diablo. Some recipes for sauces to It is pointed out that rockfish is one serve with fish are algo given. October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Al THESE PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT AVAJLABLE FROM THE F SH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, BUT USUALLY MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE AGENCIES ISSUING THEM, Clem Culture in Japan, by A- R- Cahn, Re- port No- 146, 103 p-, illus-, processed. - Natural Resources Section, Supreme Com- meander for the Allied Powers, Tokyo, © Japan, September 1951. (Reports may be purchased only in photostat or microfilm from the Office of Technical Services, U-S- Department of Commerce, Washington 25, D-C-) Clams play an important role in the economy of the Japanese nation as’ they afford both food and a means of livelihood for many people. ’ This report points out that clams are easily and cheaply cultured along much of the Japan- ese coastline. Although primitive methods are used, they are efficient as to pro- duction and weli suited to the economic status of the people using them. The methods employed in the culture and har- vesting of 10 important clem species in Japanese waters are described in this re- port together with such variations as have been evolved to meet local conditions. The methods of harvesting 13 other slight- ly less important species, for which no cultural need thus far has arisen, are also reported. While these 23 species constitute the most important of the clams valued as food by the Japanese, many other species alsc are eaten, al= though in far lesser quantity and usually only locally- Such species have been merely listed- Notes on the life his- tories of the important cultured species are given in some detail because the success of culture procedure depends in the last analysis on an understanding ard appreciation of the inter-relation between environment and specific limita- tions to meet environmental change- Such statistics on clam production in Japan as were available have besn assembled and presented in this booklet. The total recorded production of clams in Japan during 1909-42 smounts to 5,$42,833 ' metric tons, an annual average of 146,070 metric tons, the author reports. A Five-Year Study of the Striped Bass Fish- ery of Maryland, Based on Analyses of the Scales, by Richard E- Tiller, Publi- cation No- 85, 30 p-, printed. Chesa- peake Biologicel Laboratory, Department of Research and Education, Board of Nat- ural Resources, Solomons Island, Md-, Mey 1950- This is a report on an inves- tigation of the striped bass or rockfish designed as a general study of that fish- ery- A description of the fishery (in- cluding a discussion of the four major types of commercial gear used and the Maryland catch for various years from 1887 to 1942) and an outline of the techniques of the investigation are pre- sented in this booklet. However, tke Major portion of this report deals with analyses of scales collected by the author from striped bass of the 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, and 194, broods to de- termine the rate of growth, contribution to the commercial catches, the rate of utilization of successive year classes, and the possibility of using the scales as an index of origin for the Atlantic stocks. Handbook of Emergency Defense Activities, Oct- 1951-Mar- 1952, 119 p-, printed, 30 cents, General Services Administra- tion, Washington, D-C. (For sale by Superintendent of Documents, Washington 25, DeCe-) This is a guide to Federal agencies all or part of whose functions are devoted to mobilization or to other related phases of the defense program. Included is the Defense Fisheries Admin- istration- This booklet is designed to assist the public in reaching the serv- ices it needs in connection with the de- fense program and will be issued twice a year--cearly in April and October. Pacific Marine Fisheries Commission Bulletin 2, 101 p-, illus-, printed. Pacific Ma- rine Fisheries Commission, Portland, Ore- gon, 1951- Consists of three isports which are the results of papers which re- port the results of the coordinated ocean- Salmon research conducted by the fishery research organizations of the States com- posing the Pacific Marine Fisheries Con- mission, and a paper reporting on the re- search conducted by the Fisheries Research Board of Canada- It is pointed out thet "this research is being continued inorder to observe the effects of the present troll-fishery regulations and also to ob- tain additional data concerning the life history of the king and silver salmon and the factors which affect the survival of these species during their life in the ocean-" The first paper, "The California Salmon Troll Fishery," by Donald H- Fry, Jr-, and Eldon P. Hughes, discusses salmon 62 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 13. No. 106 THESE PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT AVAILABLE FROM THE FISH AND WILDLIFE fishing in California, including its his- tory, fishing methods, troll-salmon land- ing ports, ocean sport fishing, streams, landings, tagging, tag returns, and sam- pling of the commercial catch. "The Ocean Salmon Troll Fishery of Oregon," by Jack M- Van Hyning, is the second ISSUING THEM. demand for pelagic fish by some of the canners isnot encouraging, and the actual commercial exploitation can only be es- tablished as a result cf cooperation between canners and fishermen. This in turn should lead to improvements in fish- ing methods." paper and it deals with the Oregon salmon-. troll fishery- The author discusses the history of the fishery end research, fish- "an Outline of California Fishing Gear," by W. L- Scofield, article, California Fish ing areas, the silver and chinook salmon fisheries, and the ocean sport fishery- The third paper, "Research Report on the Washington State Offshore Troll Fishery," by Donald E- Kauffman, reports on the progress of research on the salmon off- shore troll fishery by the Washington State Department of Fisheries-e In this paper are discussed the history and re- search of the salmon-troll fishery, fish- ing areas, tagging methods, and the sport fishery- The last paper, "Obser- vations on Troll-Caught Salmon of the West Coast of Vancouver Island, 1949," by Ferris Neave, is a report of a salmon troll fishery investigation conducted in 1949 by the Fisheries Research Board of Canada- Discussed in this paper are the size and age composition, tagging, and distribution of recoveries of chinook and silver salmon. Pelagic Fishing Experiments in Australian Waters, by M- Blackburn and G.- W- Rayner, Division of Fisheries Technical Paper No- 1, 8 p-, printed- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Or- ganization, Melbourne, Australia, 1951- Further progress made during the years 1947-49 in catching commercially-impor- . tant pelagic fish in southern Australian waters is briefly described in this pub- lication. These commercial-scale ex- periments have been made by the Fisher- ies Division of the Commonwealth Scien- tific and Industrial Research Organiza- tion alone or in collaboration with professional fishermen, or by fishermen themselves. Methods of taking six species of pelagic fish are discussed. The six species are: jack mackerel (Tracnurus novae-zelandiae), pilchards (Sardinops neopilchardus), anchovies (Engraulis australis), sprats (Clupea passensis), southern bluefin tuna(Thun- nus maccoyii), and striped tuna (Katsu- wonus pelamis). In its conclusion the report points out that "at present the and Game, October 1951, vol. 37, no. 4, pp- 361-70, illus., printed. Division of Fish and Game, Department of Natural Resources, San Francisco, Calif. Dif- ferent California devices used for catch- ing ocean fish are grouped into related types according to use- Some of the more important types of fishing gear are de- scribed. Trade with Portugal and Its Colonies--A Businessman's Guide and Directory, 183 p., printed. Prepared by the Economic Co-= operation Administration Special Mission to Portugal, Lisbon, December 1950. (Copies available from the Department of Commerce Field offices or from the Eco- nomic Cooperation Administration, Wash- ington, D.C.) General information about Portugal and its colonies is contained in this booklet, and also data on import regulations and purchasing procedures, sources of information in Portugal and the United States, preparing shipments for Portugal, exporting to the United States, and a list of Portuguese import- ers of U.S. commodities. The names of several Portuguese exporters of fishery products are included in the latter sec- tions. Scottish Sea Fisheries Statistical Tables for 1949, 104 p-, printed, 3s (about 45 U.S. cents). Scottish Home Department (Available from His Majesty's Stetionery Office, Edinburgh, Scotland), 1951- Sta- tistics on the Scottish fisheries are presented in this booklet. Number, net tonnage, and value of different typesof fishing vessels, types and value of gear, number of fishermen employed, and the amount and value of the fish cetch by areas and typeof vessels, average prices, utilization of the catch, and fishery products exports is some of the statis- tical information included. Washington State Department of Fisheries 1950 Annual Report, 143 p-, illus., ———eo October 1951 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 63 THESE PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT AVAILABLE FROM THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, BUT USUALLY MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE AGENCIES ISSUING THEM, printed. Department of Fisheries, State commercial fishing statistics section of Washington, Seattle, Wash.-,1951. Re- gives 1950 data for the entire State by ports on the activities of Washington's species, together with comparative data; Department of Fisheries. The main sub- detailed statistics for Puget Sound, jects covered by the report are stream Grays Harbor, Willapa Harbor, and the rehabilitation, fisheries research, shell- Columbia River; and data on the number fish management, hatcheries, cooperative of licenses, financial receipts, and programs, field construction, fisheries appropriations. Short resumes of trends patrol, and commercial statistics. The for the principal fisheries are also in- cluded. TR Qe CONTENTS, CONTINUED PAGE PAGE FEDERAL ACTIONS (CONT.): DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR: ECONOMIC STABILIZATION AGENCY ( ONT. ): DEFENSE FISHERIES ADMINISTRATION OFFICE Or PRICE STABILIZATION Gan ): PRIORITY ASSISTANCE FOR CONVERSION AND CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS MATERIALS COST ADJUSTMENT UNDER CPR 30 .....e-seeeeee 49 BRISTOL BAY GILL-NET BOATS ........0 NEW SHIPS AND REPAIR AND CONVERSION OF SHIPS TEMPORARILY EIGHTY-SECOND CONGRESS (FIRST SESSION), SEPTEMBER 195] . NOT UNDER PRICE CONTROL ...c.cewceececnecessncnessasssvace SO} GRAPHS: HAWA||AN WHOLESALE GROCERY REGULATION INCLUDES FISHERY LANDINGS AND RECE! PTS PRODUCTS ....c crores ccereneresssarerecesercresesecssesers 50 COLD STORAGE HOLDINGS AND FREEZINGS OF FISHERY PRODUCTS CONSUMER ADVISORY COMMITTEE REQUESTS MORE FORMAL CONSULTA- CANNED FISHERY PRODUCTS TION ON REGULATIONS ....cc-scevesccccccereccccrsresesresere 51 PRICES, |MPORTS, AND BYPRODUCT GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION: RECENT FISHERY PUBLICATIONS: F000 NEW CANNED SALMON FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS ISSUED ..........- 51 FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE PUBLICATIONS .. MISCELLANEOUS PUBL! CATIONS ‘Illustrator -- Gustaf T. Sundstrom Compositors-- Jean Zalevsky, Carolyn Wood, Dorothy Stein Photograph credits: Cover page--J. Pileggi; p. 19--R. Stevens; p- 34--Voorlichtingsbureau van den Voedingsraad, Afd. Vis Information Office of the Netherlands Food Council, Fish Section, Ijmuiden, Netherlands. eS INTERIOR--DUPLICATING SECTION, WASHINGTON, D. C. Jos # 8531 , 3 9088 TN A discussion of the present status of the Japanese coastal fisheries, and the presentation of a program for their rehabilitation and management are con- tained in Fishery Leaflet 595, A Program for Japanese Coastal iRigIAeeLeS. A five- point program for meeting the present eco- nomic crisis in Japan's coastal fisheries is discussed, and the author points out that this programmust be carried out if Japan's fishing industry is to survive its present crisis. (Aresume of the program appeared in Commercial Fisheries Review, July 1951, p. 41.) PROGRAM FOR JAPANESE COASTAL FISHERIES r Qasr s | EY a (J Cae See Sa ih There is an appendix which gives back- ground information leading up to the pro- posed program. Includedinthe appendix is alist of those in the discussion group which assisted in the development of the fisheries program presented in this pub- lication. In addition, the appendix con- tains papers by various American visiting expert consultants, members of SCAP's Nat- ural Resources Section staff, and others which composed the discussion group. Among the subjects presented are the fol- lowing: overfishing in the coastal fisheries and proposals for its control; the research and conservation program; some methods of fishery management and their usefulness in a management program; enforcement of regulations; technolosical developments which will increase fishermen's profits; improvement of management and services of Japanese fisheries cooperatives; Japanese fisheries financing and cooperative management; the extension service program; and financing the Japanese fishing industry. This Fishery Leaflet 395 is a republication of Report No. 48 of the Natural Resources Section of SCAP issued in Tokyo in May 1951. Free copies of this leaflet are now available upon request from the Division of Information, U. 5S. 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