ll = ull (lial 1952 APRIL ( Vol. 14, No.4 FISH and WILDLIFE SERVICE United States Department of the Interior Washington, D.C UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE OSCAR L. CHAPMAN, Secretary ALBERT M. DAY, Director Let) SEM = COMMERCIAL 7 hls) GLE IFES. A REVIEW OF DEVELOPMENTS AND NEWS OF THE FISHERY INDUSTRIES PREPARED IN THE BRANCH OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES A. W. Anderson, Editor R.T. Whiteleather, Associate Editor J. Pileggi , Assistant Editor Applications for COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW, which is mailed tree to members of the fishery industries and allied interests,should be addressed to the Director, Fish and Wildlife Service, United States Department of the Interior, Washington, 25, D.C. The contents of this publication have not been copyrighted and may be reprinted freely; however, reference to the source will be appreciated. The Service assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of material from outside sources. The printing of this publication has been approved by the Director of the Bureau of the Budget, December 15,1949 CONTENTS COVER: A SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA SHRIMP BOAT WITH BEAM TRAWL. THE HEMLOCK BEAM USED NORMALLY 1S AROUND 40 FEET LONG AND 9 INCHES IN DIAMETER. POSITION OF THE TRAWL WITH RELATION TO THE BOTTOM 1S GOVERNED BY THE BRIDLE. NET USED 1S USUALLY 1$- INCH MESH, 24-THREAD COTTON NETTING, 200 MESHES DEEP. THE JOHN N. coBB'S SHELLFISH EXPLORATIONS IN CERTAIN SOUTHEASTERN ALASKAN WATERS, SPRING 1951, BY J. G. ELLSON AND ROBERT LIVINGSTONE, UR. .2scceccceccrcsceereveresoree 1 ze * e * PAGE PAGE RESEARCH IN SERVICE LABORATORIES:.....-... 21 | TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS (CONT): TECHNICAL NOTE NO. 19 - THE ALASKA SOUTH ATLANTIC SHRIMP EXPLORATIONS: SHEEFISH: DESCRIPTION AND PROXIMATE AGREEMENT S|GNED FOR CONDUCTING ONE COMPOSITION, BY D. M.GALLERMAN AND YEAR'S EXPLORATIONS ...cccccccscescses 29 Mis hs CRIME SEE ccopcoDUnDONOOU ODODE OO! wae WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICES: TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS: ...cccveccecsees 24 WHOLESALE PRICES, FEBRUARY 1952 ...... 30 ADDITIONS TO THE FLEET OF U. S. FISHING REVISION OF RETAIL PRICE INDEX FOR WESSELS gudcdaconconr doocancpocuddooaG aH FRESH: AND FROZEN FISH .scenccescceces ) Sil CALIFORNIA SHRIMP FISHING SEASON OPENED RETAIL PRICES, FEBRUARY 1952 ......42. 32 [Neleli tinh enc 6 ko Sei Be MOGe Ge OO en eae on zal HRONEICRB Sa pocustoocuodcoce odopocooroacod, . sat CALIFORNIA BIOLOGISTS ALARMED AT INTERNATIONAL: PACIFIC MACKEREL SCARCITY .wecceccesese 2D CARIBBEAN FISHERIES CONFERENCE .ecoree 34 CALIFORNIA |!SSUES ANCHOVY REDUCTION WORLD MARINE=O1L PRODUCTION AND TRADE, PERM lhigetetarsWar taiaia.cleicvevetateveieierstetelarsioteysrarerstan mn LO OSM arate’ sheheielnrsfaterorateloieievoiaie)sts/s\aleValeymiave) “ein ca FEDERAL PURCHASES OF FISHERY PRODUCTS . 26 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGAN! ZATION FLORIDA'S SHRIMP FISHERY EXPANDED IN MEDITERRANEAN FISHERIES COUNCIL HED nedeeocdadiogneasbsieosososoods4od a 27 FORMED) ShonodcbabobaGodocdosoacsceso | Sa FUR-SEAL SKIN PRICES DROP AT SPRING FUR CH1| LE: [WETIGM cosccauonodbobodddmabodouooKKo) Gr EXPANSION AND MODERNIZATION OF FISHING GREAT LAKES FISHERY INVESTIGATIONS: IINDUSTIRYMPLANNED) leierstatersiaisleteleiaterereisicrele en SO SEA LAMPREY CONTROL PROSPECTS ARGENTINE REPUBLIC: ENCOURAGING oye cvarelerclejelats siciele/slaxe/oietniene) sana ZO DEVELOPMENT OF FISHERIES PLANNED ...-. 37 NEW ENGLAND TUNA EXPLORATIONS: DENMARK: VESSEL CHARTERED FOR THIS YEAR'S TUNA CATCH IN KATTEGAT AREA ..cseceree 38 EPL MMONS: aoa ddoaaghodecodaduoobog | Zs! HONG KONG: PACIFIC OCEANIC FISHERY INVESTIGATIONS: FISHERIES RESEARCH UNIT ESTABLISHED .. 38 RESEARCH VESSELS SEEK TUNA IN PACIFIC | CELAND: EQUATOR LAL IWAMERSMstarclajeleieisierialclaicis sielslen 29 IMPOSES FISHING RESTRICTIONS WITHIN SHIPMENTS OF METAL CANS FOR FISH AND FOURS MILLE 2 ONE*@srictstetereiteislelsiaictelarel stateless SEA FOOD, JANUARY 1952 ..cceseeeeeeeee 29 CONTENTS CONTINUED ON PAGE 63 Washington 25,D.C. Vol .14,No.4 THE JOHN N. COBB’S SHELLFISH EXPLORATIONS IN CERTAIN SOUTHEASTERN ALASKAN WATERS, SPRING 1951 By J. G. Ellson* and Robert Livingstone, Jr.** TABLE OF CONTENTS INMWIELMON Gooooocunbspancds0g090000GguUaDb00bC0RuD 1 FISHING RESULTS (CONT.): GEAR .eseees eserves 4 SEYMOUR CANAL, PORT SNETTISHAM, AND KEKU STRAIT .. 14. FISHING RESULTS:.... 7 MISCELLANEOUS CATCHES ....0 cesereverenssaserenssee 5) (CY STRAIT AREA .. vi GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ...0.0-5 secereresrereresececeres 15 LYNN CANAL AREA ..aeeensonesesererererererertreres 11 SUMMARY .uccecccecveevcserens sassreseresereseresesne 15 STEPHENS PASSAGE, FROM SHELTER 1S. TO GRAVE PT. .. 13 INTRODUCTION The third in a series of exploratory fishing trips to southeastern Alaska in search of new shrimp grounds was made by the John N. Cobb in March and April 1951. The John N. Cobb is the exploratory fishing vessel operated in the northeast Pa- cific Ocean and Alaskan waters by the Branch of Commercial Fisheries, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Ellson 1950). On this trip, the vessel left Seattle on March 7 and returned to Seattle on April 23. Fishing was carried on from Marchl4 to April 18. FIG. 1 - FLOATING ICE IN TAKU INLET, ALASKA, !S ONE OF THE HAZARDS TO FISHING ENCOUNTERED if THIS REGION. **F | SHERY METHODS AND EXPLORATORY FISHING AND GEAR DEVELOPMENT SECTION, EQUIPMENT SPECIALIST, BRANCH OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES, U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, i *CHIEF, a PACIFIC FISHERIES EXPLORATION AND GEAR RESEARCH, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON. 2 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 Skagway ; C. SPENCER SEYMOUR CANAL KEXU_STRAIT C. OMMANEY FIG. 2 - SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA. SHADED AREA WAS EXPLORED FOR SHELLFISH IN MARCH AND APRIL 1951. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 6) BEAM: 20 feet long, approximately 8 inches in diameter at center and leveled off at each end to allow attachment of "D" frames or runners. B. "D" FRAME: bar iron, 5/8-inch thick and 6- inches wide. C. OAK CROSS BRACE: 3 inches by 3 inches by 8 feet. D. EYE BOLT: 5/8-inch diameter. E. L5G OF BRIDLE: 5/8-inch diameter, 114 feet from eye to eye. F. LEG OF BRIDLE: 5/8-inch diameter, 8 feet from eye to eye, short adjustable strap 14 feet long from beam to shackle. G. STRAP: 15-thread manila, every fifth hanging H. TOP HANGING LINE: 21-thread manila, number 600 becket twine used to hang the net to H and L, top hanging line attached to beam every fifth hanging. I. IRON-BAR BRACE: 4 inch by 3 inches, 3-feet long. J. SWEEP ROPE: 5-inch circumference manila, 20- feet long from eye to eye, dry measure. K. GALVANIZED RINGS: 3 inches in diameter, one at each end, 4 inches in diameter to allow clearance of splice in sweep rope. L. BOTTOM HANGING LINE: a continuation of H, bottom hanging line attached to rings on Sweep rope, 9-thread manila straps every third hanging. M. TOWING CABLE: shackled to heavy 4-inch ring, E and F spliced to a heavy 4-inch ring. N. NET: 36-thread cotton netting, 14 inches stretched mesh, 236 meshes across at throat, 60 meshes at sides, and 150 meshes deep, hung in 42%; that is, 6 inches stretched measure of netting on 34 inches of hanging line. A, Beam trawl being lifted aboard. OQ. RIB LINE: 24-thread manila, runs length- wise around net from top hanging line to bottom hanging line, secured to net every second mesh. Extension of one end forms strap from top hanging line to beam. 296 M: (1) FOLD EDGE A TO B (2) LASH TOGETHER EDGES A AND B (EDGE Dt WILL THEN LIE ON TOP OF EDGE D) K— 100 mM. —>«— 100 m, > (3) FOLD EDGE c TO DY (4) LASH TOGETHER EDGES C AND D! (5) CUT THE FOLDED WEB AS FOLLOWS: ATO B c TOD (6) LASH TOGETHER FROM A TO B > k—70 Mm —>e— 80 6. a1 : (7) LASH TOGETHER FROM C TO D k—70 Mm—k———_ 156 M. ————-4j C B. Construction details of the beam trawl net. FIG. 3 - DETAILS OF BEAM TRAWL USED BY THE JOHN N. COBB. fhe COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 At the present time, the principal shrimp-fishing area of southeastern Alaska is centered near Petersburg and Wrangell. Areas explored on this trip were north of the established fishing grounds and comprised parts of Icy Strait, Lynn Canal, Stephens Passage, and Frederick Sound (figure 2). Fishing activities on the survey consisted of 119 beam- trawl drags, and the setting of 93 individual shrimp traps and 23 individual crab pots. Each beam-trawl drag and each trap orpot locationis detailed in the accompanying charts (figures 8, 10, 13, and 15). Specific information concern- oe ing each drag is listed in the FIG. 4 - COLLAPSIBLE SHRIMP TRAP fishing log (table 1, seepages 16, 17, 18), and weights and measurements of shrimn caught are listed in table 2. Information concerning shrimp catches of traps, the sizes of trav-caught shrimp, and crabcatches of pots is recorded respectively in tables 3, 4, and 5 (see page 20). GEAR The beam trawl, the shrimp traps, and the crab pots used in theinvestigation were similar in design to those described in previous reports (Carlson 1945, Schaefers 1951). To permit speed and maximum utilization of exploratory fishing time, a trawl with a beam of 20 feet was selected for the survey. Since trawls of larger size--normally having beams of around 40 feet--are used in the commer- cial fishery, catches reported on this exploratory trip are smaller than would be obtained with the usual commercial gear. The beam trawl used by the John N. Cobb is shown in figure 3. The bear was a hemlock pole 20 feet long, approximately 8 inches in di- ameter at the center, and cut down to 6 inches at each end to allow for attachment of the "D" frames or runners. The net was made upof 36-thread 13-inch stretched-mesh cotton netting. The shrimp trap was a collapsible type (see figures 4, 5, and 6), with a frame of 3/8-inch galvanizedrods. Two opposing rods at the bottomof the trap had a pipe"T" fitted at each end (see figure 4). These "T's" served as hinges at each corner of the bottom, and permitted folding the vertical rods of the frame to collapse the sides. Each of the four vertical rods had two hexagonal nuts threaded at its upper end. At each of the four corners of the top frame,a slotted triangular-shaped galvanized iron plate was welded horizontally. The vertical FIG. 5 - SETTING UP A COLLAPS|BLE SHRIMP TRAP. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 5 rods, when fitted into the corner slots, could be locked in place by tightening the upper of the two nuts. The lid was secured with cold shuts to one side of the top frame. These acted as hinges. To lock thelid shut, the opposing side was tied to the frame with twine. The trap was 34 inches in length and width, and 29 inches in height. Thenetting was 18-thread lz-inch stretched-mesh cotton. The four tunnels were formed by galvanized iron rings, 3 inches in diameter, located in the center of each vertical side. The indentations of the tunnels were secured by cross-tying the opposing rings with seine twine. Bait (frozen herring, frozen squid, and pieces of fresh scrap fish) was placed in a small sack made of shrimptrap netting and fastened to the tunnel cross- ties. As a rule, all three baits were used in the same trap as the object was not to compare effectiveness of baits but to attract shrimp (or crabs) to the traps in the greatest possible numbers. The frozen bait was thawed prior to use, Two types of lightly-constructedcrab pots were used--(1) a non-collapsible, rectangular type and (2) a collapsible, circular type. The first type(see figure 7) was 41 inches long, 29 inches wide, and 20 inches high. Its frame was round gal- vanized steel of 3/8-inch diameter, Its covering, except for the ends, consisted of 2-inch by 4-inch galvanized 15-gauge wire netting. Two tunnels, located one at each end, were of 60-thread 34-inchstretch- ed-mesh cotton netting. The tunnel en- trances were formed by #-inch galvanized FIG. 7 - SETTING A NON-COLLAPSIBLE, RECTANGULAR CRAB POT FROM THE MOTOR LAUNCH. PORTIQN OF COLLAPS| BLE SHRIMP TRAP SHOWING PIPE T ON BOTTOM FRAME, AND VER- TICAL ROD INSERTED IN SLOT AND LOCKED IN PLACE BY HEXAGONAL NUTS. round iron, and were 11 inches wide and 5 inches high. The collapsible pet, a pat-— ented type (see figure 9), had a top frame and a bottom frame made of galvanized iron rods of d-inch diameter and 3/8-inch diameter, respectively. These frames were hoop-likein appear- ance, The top frame was 26 inches in. diameter, the bottom frame 34 inches. The pot was assembled for fishing by means of four brass rods of 3/16-inch diameter attached at equal dis- tances around the bottom frame. An eye was bent at the end of each rod to join itto the bottom frame, A hook in the form of a reversed "S" was bent at the other end of each 6 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 135°) 40 Excursion Gustavus Inlet ISLAND a NOON PT. S LS e PORPOISE QISLANDS @ 29 a lee HOONAH 1 ' LEGEND BEAM TRAWL DRAG — ——— SHRIMP TRAP ————-_ CRAB POT ————_— v 135°} 50. FIG. 8 - LOCATION OF BEAM-TRAWL DRAGS, AND SHRIMP-TRAP AND CRAB-POT SETS IN 1CY STRAIT AREA. | April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 7 rod to permit attachment to the upper frame. The pot had two tunnels, located opposite each other. Their entrances were 7z-inches wide and 4~inches high, and were made of 7-gauge galvanized wire. The bottom of the pot was covered with 48- thread, and the top and sides with 30-thread, 34-inch stretched-meshtarred cotton netting. “FIG. 9-A CIRCULAR, COLLAPSIBLE CRAB POT. A - ASSEMBLED FOR FISHING. B - COLLAPSED. FISHING RESULTS In interpreting the fishing results on this trip, the variations to be ex- pected from season to season and from year to year should be kept in mind. The following discusses catches in the various areas explored. ICY STRAIT AREA: Thirty-six drags were made in the Icy Strait area(figure 8), Nos. 1 to 36. Fishing started at the head of Idaho Inlet where nine drags (Nos.1 to 9) were made. Drag No. 1, at the head of the inlet, and drag No. 8, near the entrance, resulted in broken beams, The other drags revealed ideal trawling bot- tom of grey mud, and consistent soundings. The best drags (Y9s- 25 Bigs bade and’ 9) yielded an average catch of 1,072 pounds of shrimp per hour,—/ consisting of 85 percent pink (Pandalus borealis), 9 percent side-stripe (Pandalopsis dispar), and 6 percent coon-stripe (Pandalus hypsinotus). These drags were located in a slight depression, which was from 28 to 40 fathoms deep. The pink shrimp from drag No. 3 1/7 SOME VARIATION OCCURRED IN THE DURATION OF INDIVIDUAL DRAGS. CATCH RESULTS HAVE BEEN CON- VERTED TO A RATE-PER-HOUR, TO PERMIT READY COMPARISON OF CATCH INFORMATION. COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 135°|20 SEDUCTION PT is < z i ELDRED % ROCK S22 9 Chilkoot Haines McClellan Flats LEGEND BEAM TRAWL DRAG — ———— SHRIMP: TRAP ————_ CRAB POT — v INDIAN RK fo > az > = FIG. 10 - LOCATION OF BEAM-TRAWL DRAGS, AND SHRIMP-TRAP AND CRAB-POT SETS IN LYNN CANAL AREA. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 9 ran 128 and from drag No. 4 ran 86 whole (heads on) shrimp per pound. The coon- stripe from drag No. 3 ran 29 per pound. The side-stripe from drag No. 4 ran 23 per pound, Twelve shrimp traps ; were set in the approach to the inlet at depths from 32 to 80 fathoms, but their only catch was a negligible amount of pink shrimp. Twelve drags (Nos. 10 to 21) were madein Port Frederick from the entrance to near the end of the inlet. Most of the drags were madein mid—channel at depths of approximately 60 to 80 fathoms. Three drags (Nos. 19, 20, and 21) were made on the side banks at approxi- mately the 50-fathom contour, FIG. 11 - SORTING SHRIMP ABOARD THE JOHN N. COBB CAUGHT Except for drags Nos. 17 and IN A DRAG IN IDAHO INLET. 18, which caught no shrimp, catches were quite uniform in the area, ranging mostly from 100 to 200 pounds per hour, Pink shrimp dominated the catches, being $lper- cent of the total for the Port Frederick area. Side-stripe shrimp constituted 19 percent. Only insignificant amounts of coon-stripe and spot shrimp (Pandalus platyceros) were captured. Pink shrimp from The Narrows were of small size; those from the rest of the area were of commercial size, running 66 to 78 whole shrimp to the pound. Most of the bottom was satisfactory for dragging, although a con- siderable number of miscellaneous invertebrates was encountered, mainly "coral," "clay pipe," barnacles, and brittle stars. Six crab pots, fished in Neka Bay, caught one small maleDungeness crab (Cancer magister). : Sg kes Ag se .. 7 ots Be a me Ee Nath on Four drags (Nos. 23 to 26) were made in Excursion Inlet proper. The bottom was irregu- lar, and ice encountered at the head of the inlet eliminated that area for shallower drag- ging. The best drag (No. 25) caught 150 pounds of shrimp per hour. The average for the four drags was 96 pounds of shrimp per hour, consistingof 86 per- cent pink, 7 percent side-stripe and 7 percent coon-stripe. The pink shrimp were too small in size to warrant commercial in- terest. Seven drags (Nos. 27 to33) in Icy Passage and waters ad- aI ! joining Porpoise Islands and oy x 2 ae i <-s Pleasant Island at depths from = 20to 100 fathoms were generally poor. An exception was drag No. 29 made on mud bottom at depths from 40 to 58 fathoms on the west side of Por- poise Islands, where shrimp were caught at the rate of 300 pounds per hour. The FIG. 12 = A SHRIMP CATCH ON THE DECK OF THE JOHN N. COBB. 10 Qeve Pr RETREAT. FALSE PT RETREAT COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Lena Cove , Old Auke 7 & Nv. ~ Village ke x PORTLAND 1 p 3 if is COGHLAN, ; q\ a % ie co S A ADMIRALTY 58°00 MENDENHALL PEN ISLAND RALTY ISLAND DOUGLAS 1g4s]os FLAT PT 58°20 1348} 40 15 DOUGLAS ISLAND ADMIRALTY ISLAND 20 Inlet LEGEND BEAM TRAWL DRAG — CRAB POT Pr ’ SALISBURY BISHOP. PT ADMIRALTY ISLAND FIG. 13 = LOCATION OF BEAM-TRAWL DRAGS AND CRAB-POT SETS IN STEPHENS PASSAGE AREA. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW at catch consisted of 93 percent large pink shrimp and 7 percent large side-stripe shrimp. Pink shrimp caught north of Porpoise Islands were small in size. In the other drags to the south and west of Porpoise Islands and south of Pleasant Is- land, side-stripe shrimp dominated the catch but were scattered. The bottom was generally suitable for dragging. Shrimp traps set from Porpoise Islands to Ex- cursion Inlet caught few shrimp. Crab pots set in Icy Passage caught 17 small king crabs (Paralithodes platypus ) but only a few Dungeness crabs. Three widely-scattered drags (Nos. 22, 35, and 36) were made near or beyond the 50-fathom contour near the Chichagof Island shore from Point Sophia to Eagle Point, and one drag (No. 34) was made in mid-channel between Eagle Point and Pleasant Island. Catches were small, and consisted predominantly of side-stripe shrimp, except off Point Sophia where drag No. 22 at a depth of 50 to 62 fathoms on grey mud bottom caught shrimp at the rate of 190 pounds per hour. This catch consisted of 95 percent fair-size pink and 5 percent large side-stripe. LYNN CANAL AREA: Twenty-eight drags were made in the Lynn Canal area (fig- ure 10), Nos. 64 to 91, from the uppermost reaches of the canal to as far south -as Berners Bay. Two drags at the head of TaiyaInlet caught small-size pink shrimp andcom- mercial-size side-stripe shrimp, but the limitedamount of drag- ging ground makes the area un- suitable for commercial fish- ing. Shrimp traps set here caught small amounts of coon- stripe shrimp. Four drags (Nos. 66 to69) were made in Lutak Inlet at depths from 3& to 50 fathoms. The mud bottom was suitable for dragging, and catches of shrimp up to 400 pounds per hour were made, consisting of 96 percent pink and 4 percent FIG. 14 - MOSTLY "TRASH" AND A FEW SHRIMP WERE CAUGHT coon-stripe. The pink shrimp IAD UTS: BINA were mostly small except for a mixture of larger sizes found near the entrance. The head of the inlet was not fished because it was frozen over. Five crab pots set near the head caught mostly tanner crabs (Chionoecetes bairdi). Four drags (Nos. 70, 82, 83, and 84) on a mud bottom in Chilkoot Inlet from off Indian Rock to opposite Portage Cove averaged 182 pounds of shrimp per hour. The catches consisted of 80 percent pink and 20 percent side-stripe. The best drag (No. 82) caught 310 pounds of shrimp per hour and was clean of extraneous material, These drags, at depths from 62 to 72 fathoms, caught commercial-size pink shrimp and large side-stripe. The pink ran 80 whole shrimp to the pound. Drag No. 81, made in 108 to 120 fathoms at the south end of Chilkoot Inlet, pro- duced 40 pounds of side-stripe shrimp per hour. Seven shrimp traps set near Indi- an Rock at depths from 26 to 65 fathoms were unproductive except for the deepest trap, which caught 28 spot shrimp and which alone showed no evidence of having been set in mud. Eight drags (Nos. 71 te 78) were made in Chilkat Inlet at depths from 42 to 72 fathoms. Disregarding drag No. 71, which produced a negligible catch, the re- maining seven drags caught shrimp at the rate of 175 pounds per hour. The catches 12 134°] 00 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW ADMIRALTY ISLAND Vol. alin No. 4 BRIDE PT ) 100, SHARP PT LEGEND BEAM TRAWL DRAG — — SHRIMP TRAP —— . Uv > 2) 2) > a & Ay 20 Q rive errounp FINGERS S Oo eo ly £ R 5) D R £ t A 38 C. BENDEL PT. MACARTNEY KUPREANOF 572.00 9 ISLAND CORNWALUS ae 2 Pr ISLANDS = =< NST AN S sos a 2 oe ‘ay eS KUIU ISLAND 1342100 FIG. 15 - LOCATION OF BEAM-TRAWL DRAGS AND SHRIMP-TRAP SETS AND KEKU STRAIT AREAS. SENTINEL Pr 92 of as 133°] 40 IN SEYMOUR CANAL, PORT SNETTISHAM, April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 13 consisted of 85 percent pink, 12 percent side-stripe, and 3 percent coon-stripe, mostly of commercial sizes, the pink shrimp counting 87 whole shrimp to the pound based on a sample from drag No. 72. Seaweed and bottom trash were quite common in some of the drags. The best and cleanest drag was No. 78, which caught 290 pounds of shrimp per hour, practically all pink. One drag (No. 85) was made north of Sullivan Island and four drags (Nos. 79, 80, 86, and 87) were made west of Sullivan Island at depths from 52 to 97 fathoms. The catches averaged 84 pounds of shrimp per hour and consisted of 89 percent pink, 8 percent side-stripe, and 3 percent coon-stripe, mostly of commercial sizes. The best drags (Nos. 79, 80, and 86) produced at the rate of 110 pounds per hour. Three drags in Berners Bay (Nos. 89, 90, and 91) at depths from 60 to 96 fathoms averaged 129 pounds of shrimp per hour. The catch consisted of 86 percent pink (78 whole shrimp per pound) and 14 percent side-stripe (34 whole shrimp per pound, according to a sample from drag No. 91). Another drag (No. 88) at a depth from 48 to 54 fathoms near Cove Point, caught 180 pounds per hour. The catch con- sisted of 89 percent pink and 11 percent coon-stripe. The pink ran 92 whole shrimp to the pound. STEPHENS PASSAGE, FROM SHELTER ISLAND TO GRAVE POINT: Thirty-one drags (Nos. 37 to 63 and 107 to 110) were made in the Stephens Passage area from Shelter Is- land to Grave Point (figure 13). The area from Shelter Island to Young Bay produced mostly poor shrimp catches. Fifteen drags (Nos. 37 to 41 and 48 to 57) at depths from 30 to 94 fathoms were made in the area and re- sulted in an average catch of 35 pounds of shrimp per hour, of which 62percent were pink, 34 percent side-stripe, and 4 percent coon-stripe. Of these drags, seven (Nos. 48 to 52, 56 and 57) caught either very small amounts or no shrimp at all. The best drag (No. 53) in 75 to 78 fathoms, in Favor- ite Channel north of Aaron Is- land, caught 130pounds of shrimp FIG. 16 - BROKEN BEAM BEING HAULED ABOARD THE JOHN N. per hour, mostly side-stripe. COBB. THIS HAPPENS FREQUENTLY IN EXPLORATORY FISHING. Drag No. 37 in 50 to76 fathoms in Barlow Cove took 110 pounds of shrimp per hour, Eighty-two percent of the catch was commercial-size pink, the remainder of the catch was coon-stripe. Drag No. 39 in 56 to 62 fathoms south of Portland Island caught 120 pounds of shrimp per hour. Two-thirds of the catch was pink of both small and commercial sizes, and the remainder of the catch was side-stripe. Drags Nos. 50 and 56 resulted in broken beams. Sixteen drags were made near Juneau. Eleven of these (Nos. 42 to 47, 61 to 63, 107, and 109) were made in Stephens Passage from 5 miles west of Point Tantal- lon to 5 miles east of Point Tantallon; two (Nos. 108 and 110) from Point Arden to south of Grand Island; and three (Nos. 58, 59, and 60) in Taku Inlet from Bishop Point to Jaw Point. The eleven drags in the Point Tantallon area were made at depths from 41 to 116 fathoms and resulted in an average catch per drag of 311 pounds of shrimp per hour, consisting of 87 percent pink, more than 12 percent side- stripe, and less than 1 percent coon-stripe. The side-stripe were captured east 14 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 of Point Tantallon in depths between 75 and 116 fathoms. The greatest concentra- tions of pink shrimp were found near the point between 43 and 50 fathoms. The best drags were the three (Nos. 46, 47, and 63) made close to Point Tantallon, which caught, respectively, 590, 780, and 1,000 pounds per hour. The catches were almost entirely pink shrimp, which weighed 63 whole shrimp to the pound based on a sample from drag No. 46. Drag No. 63, which repeated drag No. 46 after an in- terval of four days, produced the best catch made in the area (a local trawler from Juneau was also fishing these grounds at the time). The two drags from Point Arden to south of Grand Island resulted in only small catches. The three drags in Taku Inlet were made south of Jaw Point, as ice precluded fishing further to- wards the head. These drags, at depths from 52 to 94 fathoms, produced a catch of 95 pounds of shrimp per hour, consisting of 79 percent pink and 21 percent side- stripe. The pink ran 132 to the pound in a sample from drag No. 58. Considerable sounding was required to locate drags because of the rough bottom of the region. SEYMOUR CANAL, PORT SNETTISHAM, AND KEKU STRAIT: Six drags (Nos. 111 to 116) were made in cages - Canal (figure 15); fifteen (Nos. 92 to 106) were made inPort Snettisham; and three (Nos. 117 to 119) were made in Keku Strait. In addition, shrimp treps were fished in the following three areas: Seymour Canal, near Point Pybus, and near Kake. In Seymour Canal, soundings as far as Tiedeman Island in- dicated that stretches of suitable trawling bottom were interspersed with hard, uneven bottom. A broken beam resulted from drag No. 112 and alarge tear in the net from drag No. 113. Six drags in the area produced an average catch of 175 pounds of shrimp per hour, consisting of 87 percent pink, 8 percent side-stripe, , percent coon-stripe, and 1 percent spot (Pandalus danae were also caught at the rate of 40 pounds per hour and have been disregarded in these computations because of their small size). The best catches were made by side-slope drags, Nos. 114 and 116, at depths of 50 to 70 fathoms north of Flaw Point, which produced about 400 pounds of shrimp per hour. The catch was mostly pink, counting 90 whole shrimp to the pound, Fifteen shrimp traps were set over a range of 13 miles at depths from 35 to 80 fathoms, The traps in the deeper water caught the larger shrimp. The best catch was made by a trap set for 19 hours in 76 fathoms near Dorn Island, which produced 83 spot shrimp weighing 9 pounds. Soundings taken north to south between Point Pybus and The Brothers islands revealed uneven bottom. Shrimp traps set near Point Pybus at depths from 16 to 88 fathoms were fished for 25 hours. Only the four traps at depths of 80 fathoms or more caught shrimp, a total of 57 spot, weighing 8 pounds. Fifteen drags at depths from 40 to 124 fathoms made in Port Snettisham re- sulted in an average catch of 153 pounds of shrimp per hour, consisting of 48 per- cent pink and 52 percent side-stripe. The north arm of Port Snettisham was dragged quite thoroughly at depths from 68 to 124 fathoms from Sharp Point to the Speel River. The results were mostly poor, and several drags fouled with mud. Drag No. 100, off Bride Point caught side-stripe shrimp at the rate of 350 pounds per hour, but these shrimp were dominated by small sizes. The south arm of Port Snettisham, Gilbert Bay, was dragged from Sentinel Point to the Whiting River. Drags, Nos. 95 and 96, at depths of 56 to 76 fathoms, off the mouth of the Whiting River, were the best made in Port Snettisham. These drags resulted in catches up to 450pounds of shrimp per hour, consisting of large pink which ran 64 to the pound andof side- stripe shrimp of mixed sizes. In Keku Strait near the entrance, traps were set, and a drag (No. 119) was made, but these caught practically no shrimp. "Sand fleas" appearedto have stripped the bait in the traps. Only small pink shrimp were found in Hamilton Bay. To afford a comparison with other drags made during the exploratory trip, drag No.117 was made southwest of Salt Point in an established commercial shrimp fishing loca- tion. Made in a circle, this drag caught 764 pounds of shrimp per hour, a mixture of pink, side-stripe, coon-stripe, and spot shrimp, mostly large sizes. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 15 MISCELLANEOUS CATCHES: Marine life common in most of the areas fished in- cluded small flathead "sole" (Hippoglossoides elassodon), small whiting (Theragra Gas chalcogramma), long-snouted blenny penella longirostris), short—finned eel pout (Lycodes brevipes), spiny-headed sculpin (Dasycottus setiger), and the stur- geon-like sea-poacher (Agonus acipenserinus). Starry flounder Platichthys stellatus) were found in most of the areas; two drags in Excursion Inlet yielded 234. Yellowfin "sole" (Limanda aspera) weighing up to 9 pounds were taken in Port Frederick. Tanner crab (Chionoscetes bairdi) were caught in most areas. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS During March and April, strong winds are encountered which hamper shrimping operations. Ice is encountered at the heads of bays, which also restricts fish- ing. Lynn Canal is especially windy. Some of the regions explored may have more promise than is indicated in this report. Where frequent catches are made, even if not especially large, there is a possibility that a concentration of shrimp may exist somewhere in the area, either slightly outside of the grounds dragged, or at a different season. SUMMARY Best catches of shrimp were. made as follows: over 1,000 pounds per hour in Idaho Inlet, 1,000 pounds per hour near Point Tantallon, 450 pounds per hour off the Whiting River, 400 pounds per hour off Flaw Point, and 300 pounds per hour in Chilkoot Inlet. A drag made in Keku Strait on an established commercial ground, for comparative purposes, caught 764 pounds of shrimp per hour. In order to permit maximum utilization of time, the gear selected for the survey was a 20-foot beam trawl. The catches reported in this paper are therefore smaller than would have been made with commercial-size trawls, which normally have beams of around 40 feet. The fishing results reported here are for March andApril 1951. The results may vary in other seasons and years. LITERATURE CITED CARLSON, CARL B. 1945. COMMERCIAL POSSIBILITIES OF SHRIMP RESOURCES IN CERTAIN SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA AREAS (A STUDY BY THE FISHERIES EXPERIMENTAL COMMISSION OF ALASKA). FISHERY MARKET NEWS, VOL. 7, NO. 7A (JULY SUPPLEMENT), PP. 1-25. ELLSON, J. G. 1950. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXPLORATORY FISHING VESSEL JOHN N. COBB. COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW, VOL. 12, NO. 9 (SEPTEMBER 1950), PP. 1-8. ALSO REPUBLISHED AS THE EX- PLORATORY FISHING VESSEL JOHN N. COBB, FISHERY LEAFLET 385, U. S. FISH AND WILD- LIFE SERVICE, WASHINGTON, D. C. SCHAEFERS, EDWARD A. 1951. THE JOHN N. COBB'S SHELLFISH EXPLORATIONS IN CERTAIN SOUTHEASTERN ALASKAN WATERS, SPRING AND FALL OF 1950 (A PRELIMINARY REPORT). COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW, VOL. 13, NO. 4 (APRIL 1951), PP. 9-19, ALSO ISSUED AS SEPARATE NO. 278, U. 8. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, WASHINGTON, D. C. Vol. 14, Now 4 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 16 my wXH sU°SE QSET pootg Aja¥g a 19 et oft jeu mor Quug poora 2L-0S 16°L2 ost 0 poots ATa¥q etn ote 0 pootg ATa¥g 08-92 on °A2 * MAH 19°6Z SET pooty Og=0¢ on cd RXAH 18°2T o9ET Ke 12°lZ oSET 1S at Ve gs "Bl *d 33S ----usop peppnu useg 0g pools poots ATa6g qq PooTy aos oot=e8 9e-eL “mY pre az 3 MSM use set 11°92 ose elec Bee poola 99-715 MMH 12°82 eset qqe aan qq 98-9L eL= = Re! ora his) 44 oSft € sft cet 19° T aL“ T 8°se Seer iT. 095 10° 08S : 19A0 pourhg weg Ie9TD 19°TL (OFT 1€°L0 98S *S310N1004 40 NOILVNY1dx3 YO4 :310N sAIUSY woqj0g Joy {Mery eyevg ATmmog uo youwp [BRO] gods edtaqs—=u000 edta98-epts TeqnuTH Uy wO430g UO ours OPTL swoyyes ut edawy y3deq wo330q Jo edky P7702 eR ‘og.mop “Mu opng7auoT wo4g0g Juy [Mery ateeg A[an0gq uo youeD [BQO] gods edt445=u009 edy149-epts bate iepumog wy yoze) dupsus seqnuyA UF wo7Z0g UO eUTT SPTL suoyzey uy ofuey yydeq wo390q JO edky OT T0UaeR es.an05 *a coronal Jequny sea wo4g0g Juy [Mer], sysug ATIneq uo yoRwD TVq0L gods edt14s=u009 edy198-0pts soqnutA uF uo0330q uo eury ©PTL smoyzey UF eduwy yydeq woz40g go edfy «OTZ0UBUH ‘oganog *M epngtau0T °N Semana mwo40q SUF TMeTy vq ATmoq wo yoR¥D [E701 gods edtaqe=1009 edt148-epts SOQnuTA uF mwoj70q UO eT T OPTL ewoygui UE eIuwy yqdeq moggog go edfy Orgeuaun ‘ egano5 *w epngTaa07 zeqmmy Jeg SLi COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW April 1952 "Bl ‘d 33S “S310N1004 40 NOILYNV1dx3 HO4 :310N op peppnu ureeg uMOp poppnw mveq syIvuey pnt pnw wo440q JutTMery, steug ATanoy uo yo9"D Teq0], gods ody.148-u00p edt1qs-eptg opt guoyqey Ut ofumy y4deq mo490q go odfy 45 0F90UB UR “Osrn0D *m @pnzTs007T m0330q JuyTMvsy eyevg ATamoy wo youwD 1HR0], gods edy148=0009 edt148-epts ePTL smouze, Uy oduey y7deq mozq0g go edfy 40} 3 008 eR foR.moD 19°T2 oSET *m epng;au07, 1c" 4 Weegq uex,01g Iva; m0490q 2UpTMELL Tee) stseg Atamoy uo yoqup [e707 gods e@dy148=000p edti4eepts i Utd ispumog ut youu duyaug Of Cte Woqnuyy Uy Woz40g UO OuTy OPTL suoy;ey UT eduwy yqdeq m0430g go edky eT FOUR UR *eumop *m epnzyaucy 12°22 08 9 aS) ee aE eT Weeg uex01g Iwg w0740q Fup [Mer stsvg Atanoy uo youu T¥q0] ods edta248=t00p edtz3e=0pts suou,ey ut eFuey yAdeq wo3q0q go edky .OFseua wR “esamop *m Opn3yau07, “N_OPN3T3eT * Vol. 14, No. & COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 18 - == GMop peppnu ueeg ----- jeu Uy a0] ureeq uex01g 480TO 1007) 1eeTD AvoT Ppa 1v9TO ysnoy yanoy tL ole wAsouYy mo790g Zut[Mesy Syaug ATanoy uo youwp Teq0F gods edyaqa=u009 edt143-epts utd iapunog uy yoqug duyaug SeqnatR Ay wo4Z0g uO euTy AVIS poots AT Avg ~ @ptL 85-09 swoyzwey uy eJuey 44deq “Kya moxq0g go edhy Ost 2 Nes asa 9 OF F002 eR “onumnoy 1L°S0 otET 1S°NS of fT "Mw epnzTaao, 18°95 09S 9 “Hl ex wUay wo440g Juy [Mery stsevg ATamoy uo yoqup TeZ07 jodg edt449=0009 edy148-epts Fa :apumog at yo3u9 daprus seqnatA ay woI40g uO euTy poota Poot Poot OPTL STI-9IT ro Gt) GG gOT~0T smoyj,uy uy e2uvy 4y4doq “A “A mp440g yo edky asa ~.OF7 OUR “eno ut “oh pee *M @pngzauoy MAN 19°97 of £1 Aequny Jeg Huop peppnm weeg pont Wo440g JUPTMULy syseg ATanoy uo youun [eQO] qodg edyaz4g-0009 edt1q8-opts Utd iepunog ut yoywp dupaug O4nUtA UT WOz40q UO OWT oPrL smoyzwy Uy oFuey 4yydeq wo440g jo odéy ee 9FQOUdUR fog1n0D *m epnzzauocy *N 9pngt3zeT poota ooT-"8 TTT oft Et 12°SN EET 1L°6S oLS Wo440g Aut [Mery aqseg ATanoy uo yoq"D [¥qI0O, gods edyt449-u009 edt449-epts Utd fapunog uy yooup duyaug BoynaTA UT Woz40q UO euT, OPrL swoyz~ey uF eduvy 44deq woyz0g yo edky oFqeusuR *eag.tmop °m 9pnzzsuoy *N OPN3 7971 pootg AT10g 95-95 °A MXMN UT°TS oSET AN 19°6T (SET + 15°SS 8S (*piuo)) TS6T dutads ‘exsepy usaqseayqnos ut qqoy N uyor aya Aq sdeiay [met] -weagq--do] durysty - [ afqeL 19 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW April 1952 "S993 ONIdOISARG JISVZINDSOO3Y HLIM S3ZI1S Y3DYV1 JO ANVWa x x “NOILIGNOD T1SHS-L4OS N|I dWIYHS» “TiWl JO dil OL SAB 40 YSIN3D WONS SHV SLNSWAYNSVIN« edyiz9-o00p 3Fv43s NIOy t-1 1, UT ss a Florida’s Shrimp Fishery Expanded in 195] Preliminary estimates indicate that Florida's shrimp landingsin 1951 amounted to around 35 million pounds as compared with 23 million pounds in 1950--an in- crease of 52 percent. This increase was due partially to increased fishingeffort, better mapping of shrimping grounds, and more experienced fishermen. However, the most important factor contributing to the increased Florida landings was the pro- duction from the Campeche Banks located outside Mexico's territorial waters. Florida's 1950 fishery statistical survey revealed approximately 900 fishing vessels operating in that State. Of these, 400 were shrimp vessels, Out of nine major producing counties, Monroe County landings represented nearly one-third of Florida's total shrimp landings. Fur-Seal Skin Prices Drop at Spring Fur Auction Active bidding by a large attendance of fur buyers characterized the spring auction held by the Fouke Fur Company in St. Louis on April 7, at which 22,008 United States Government-owned fur-seal skins from the Pribilof Islands in Alaska weresold for $1,790,681, the Fish and Wildlife Servicereport- ed in April to the Secretary of the Interior. The April 1951 auction brought $2,591,796 for the Government-owned skins; the September sale, $2,249,892. The grand average for all United States Government skins at the April 1952 auction was $81.27, a decline of 8.1 percent below the September 1951 auction. The dyed "Matara" (brown) skins sold for an average of $87.49, an advance of 1.3 percent over last fall's sale. "Safari" brown (a lighter brown) skins declined 2.7 percent to $66.48, while the black skins declined 24.2 percent to $78.30. A total of 550 blue-fox pelts averaged $5.86, an advance of 7.7 percent. In addition to the United States-cwned skins, the fur company sold 4,539 Cape- of-Good-Hope fur-seal skins for the Government of the Union of South Africa. These skins averaged $24.27, a decline of 20 percent. NOTE: ALSO SEE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW, OCTOBER 1951, P. 13. Cr 28 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 Great Lakes Fishery Investigations SEA LAMPREY CONTROL PROSPECTS ENCOURAGING: An economical means of control- ling the sea lamprey in the Great Lakes has been discovered by the Great Lakes pe: Fishery Investigations of Se cial ri, Som SS rate the U. S. Fish and Wild- eRe ey “ ‘i ae life Service. Two of sev— eral electrical devices show great promise and have stopped the upstream migration of spawning sea lampreys. One experimental device used on a 90-foot stream operated success— fully on as little as two kilowatts of power (cost MOUTH OF SEA LAMPREY 5 to 10 cents per hour). q The use of electrical de- vices makesit possible to place under control a great many streams which by other known procedures would have required large capital outlays and large maintenance and operational costs. SEA LAMPREY (PETROMYZON MARINY) In addition to the electrical devices, mechanical weirs, barrier dams, and inclined plane traps can be used effectively on certain streams. This spring a number of electrical devices will be operated for the purpose of refining tech- niques and procedures and especially to develop an electrical leading device cap- able of leading valuable fish species out of the lethal electrical field. Many species of fish can be guided whereas sea lampreys rush headlong into the electri- cal field until they are rendered unconscious. In the spring of 1953 the work will have progressed far enough to permit in- stallation and operation of proven control devices in streams tributary to Lake Superior. This lake has the single remaining lake trout fishery. The sea lamprey did not enter Lake Superior until 1947 and for the first time in 1952 will produce in its own streams millions of parasitic lampreys. Up to now all have come from Lakes Huron and Michigan. It is possible that the lake trout population can be conserved if control of the sea lamprey is undertaken without delay. ~—s * zz\ New England Tuna Explorations VESSEL CHARTERED FOR THIS YEAR'S EXPLORATIONS: The vessel Marjorie Parker, a line trawler owned by a fishing company located in Portland, Maine, has been chartered for this year's New England bluefin-tuna explorations. The vessel is a 78-foot schooner-type vessel previously used in the line-trawl fishery and is well suited for tuna long-lining and gill-netting, the main types of gear which will be used in this year's operations, The explorations will be conducted by the Serv—- ice's Branch of Commercial Fisheries, and their main purpose is to search for un- tapped resources of bluefin tuna in waters principally off the shores of Maine and Massachusetts. Present plans call for the operations to be based at Portland, Maine. Explor- atory fishing will be carried on from June 1 to September 30. Be April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 29 Pacific Oceanic Fishery Investigations RESEARCH VESSELS SKEK TUNA IN PACIFIC EQUATORIAL WATERS: Several tons of brought back by the research vessel Hugh M. Smith. This is one of the vesselsbe- ing operated by the Service's Pacific Oceanic Fishery Investigations. The vessel returned to Honolulu on March 13 from a six-week cruise in equatorial waters. The vessels Hugh M. Smith and the John R. Manning were sent into tropical waters early this year to explore further the discovery by the Pacific Oceanic Fishery Investigations that large stocks of unfished tunas exist in the equatori- al regions south of Hawaii. The trip was designed to test whether the tuna were in the area during the winter as well as during the summer and fall. The Hugh M. Smith studies were carried out in close cooperation with the John R. Manning, which fished flag lines for tuna in these rich fishing grounds. This research is expected to provide information leading to the exploitation of new fisheries resources. A tuna-processor in Hawaii is cooperating with the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service in an experiment to test whether the yellowfin tuna taken at the Equator will approach the same high-grade product as the tuna caught in Hawaiian waters. Shipments of Metal Cans for Fish and Sea Food, January 1952 Total shipments of metal cans for fish and sea food for January this year amounted to 3,743 short tons of steel (based on the amount of steel consumed in the manufacture of cans), which was considerably below 5,960 short tons of steel during the corresponding period in 1951. A decline in West Coast tuna canning and sardine canning were largely responsible for this drop in use of metal cans for packing of fishery products. This is basedonareport issued by the Bureau of the Census on March 26, NOTE: DATA CONVERTED TO SHORT TONS OF STEEL ARE ON THE BASIS OF 23.0 BASE BOXES OF STEEL PER SHORT TON OF STEEL. South Atlantic Shrimp Explorations AGREEMENT STGNED FOR CONDUCTING ONE YEAR'S EXPLORATIONS: A one year's ex- ploration for shrimp in the waters off the east coast of Florida and in the Gulf of Mexico, to supplement explorations of the Service's exploratory fishing vessel Oregon, will result from a cooperative agreement between the U. S. Fish and Wild- life Service and the Gibbs Corporation of Jacksonville, Fla. The company is sup- plying their new experimental steel shrimp trawler Antillas for the explorations, as well as the crew and standard fishing gear. The Service's Branch of Commercial Fisheries is furnishing technical assistance by assigning Carl Carlson, Fishery Engineer, to supervise the work, and also supplying items of experimental gear to be tested, such as floating trawls, bottomless trawls, etc. The Antillas is equipped with the latest instruments and a new-type variable-piteh propeller which will also be tested. 30 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 Besides experimentation with standard and new types of trawls, consideration is being given to the testing of certain promising electronic devices, as well as the use of underwater television for studying fishing gear in action. At present the Antillas is exploring waters off northern Florida and south- ern Georgia at depths from 10 to 100 fathoms. Wholesale and Retail Prices WHOLESALZ PRICES, FEBRUARY 1952: Increased landings on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts accounted for the sharp drop in edible fishery products prices this Febru- ary. Generally lower prices for most types of fishery products prevailed during that month. Edible fishery products prices as a group in February were 5.5 per- cent below the previous month, but remained 0.9 percent above February 1951. The edible fish and shellfish (fresh, frozen, and canned) revised wholesale price in— dex for February 1952 was 108.2 percent of the 1947-49 average (see table). Drawn, dressed, or whole fin-fish prices in February 1952 were 13.2 percent below the previous month, but 4.3 percent higher than in February last year. Fresh GROUP, SUBGROUP, POINT OF Panis ae i AND ITEM SPECIFICATION PRICING INDEXES (1947-49= 100 Feb. 1952 ALL FISH AND SHELLFISH (Fresh, Frozen, and Canned) ...sceccoccsceeh 108.2 Halibut, Western, 20/80 lbs., dressed, Col mOrm tO Cllisatetatalstatalelalelstalelelelaletotelaiatate Salmon, king, lge. & med., dressed, PS eS HOT hy: OZ Titel elalninlelaicisietatsleleieistelaieiete Whitefish mostly Lake Superior, drawn (dressed) )treshiiccicincietsisicisictecieicsleisiclelcle Whitefish, mostly Lake Erie pound net, OUNIG eEL SIU lefeleislelolelelelelelelolelelorstste clelelatelele Lake trout, domestic, mostly No. 1, drawn (dressed), fresh ..ccccccccccsces Yellow pike, mostly Michigan (Lakes Michigan & Huron), round, fresh ....... | New York Cit 9.7 Processed, Fresh (Fish and Shellfish): J0..s.scsessscsess Fillets, haddock, small, skins on, 20-lb. Chicago New York City Chicago (Gl Siatetalelerelatalaleletelotelstateteleleletelatsiatetataraisistate - | Boston 154 69 Shrimp, lge. (26-30 count), headless, fresh or Frozen sccccccccssccosccesoces | NeW York City, 81.4 Oysters, shucked, standards ............ | Norfolk area : 136.1 Processed, Frozen (Fish and Shellfish): ...cssesecssssssne Fillets: Flounder (yellowtail), skin- Messe O—Vbam plete «leateintetetaie Haddock, small, 10-1b. cello- CK Walelalalalalolelsiclelel=lalaiclals)aleiel=lele Ocean perch (rosefish), 10-1b. cello—pack .....ccce.ccsseeeee | Gloucester Shrimp, lge. (26-30 count 5-lb. pkg. . | Chicago Canned Fishery Products: ..scescscccceccccccccccccccscsecs Salmon, pink, No. 1 tall (16 oz.), 48 cans PEF COSC cece cc ccc ccccccoceccvccesoccces | CCALLLE Tuna, light meat, solid pack, No. 3 tuna (7 oz), 48 cans per case .............- | Los Angeles Sardines (pilchards), California, tamato pack, No. 1 oval (15 oz.), 48 cans percase} " " Sardines, Maine, keyless oil, No. + drawn % 026), 100 cans per case ........-.«» } New York Cit: April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 31 large offshore haddock during the month dropped 31.3 percent below the previous month, but the index for this commodity was still 16.7 percent above February 1951. Frozen Western halibut prices at New York City continued to rise and in- creased4.5 percent from January to February, while whitefish and lake trout also increased substantially during this period due to good demand and light supplies. Processed fresh fish and shellfish prices this February were 2.3 percent be- low the previous month, but 6.5 percent higher than in February 1951. Haddock fillets sold 18.7 percent lower than in January 1951, but were still priced 14.7 percent above February a year ago. Shucked fresh oyster prices continued to drop (18.2 percent) in February 1952 and were 1.3 percent below February 1951. Fresh shrimp prices this February, on the other hand, were 26.3 percent above January and 11.1 percent higher than during the same period a year earlier. Although processed frozen fish and shellfish prices in February were 7.0per- cent higher than for the same month in 1951, they rose only 0.4 percent from Jan- uary to February this year. Frozen shrimp prices, which have been steadily in- creasing the past few months, rose 4.6 percent from January to February and were 6.5 percent higher than a year earlier. All fillets remained steady at January levels, except frozen ocean perch fillets which dropped 3.8 percent from January to February. Heavier-than-normal cold storage stocks accounted for this latter decline. Compared to February 1951, ocean perch fillets this February were quoted 13.8 percent lower. Canned fish prices this February remained almost steady, except for Maine sardines which rose 3.1 percent from January to February this year. In February Maine sardines were priced 53.9 percent higher and California sardines 29.8 per- cent higher than in February 1951, but canned pink salmon was priced 16.0 percent lower and canned tuna 13.3 percent lower. REVISION OF RETAIL PRICK INDEX FOR FRESH AND FROZEN FISH: Retail prices of "fresh and frozen fish" have been used by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in its retail food index since January 1938, and a separate index has been computed back through 1939. This index has been based on a composite of two price quotations from each store in the sample for the two species selling in the largest volume Average prices were not published. Prices are collected monthly from chain and independent stores in 56 cities during the first three days of the week which includes the 15th of the month. at each pricing date. To improve the index and to provide for the publication of average prices, the Bureau is now pricing two specific varieties of fin fish in each of the 56 cities where food prices are collected. The new index (Fresh and Frozen Fin Fish) will be made up of a composite of prices of frozen ocean perch fillets and frozen haddock fillets in 44 cities, and other varieties in cities where adequate quota- tions for one or both of these are not normally available. The 12 cities where the other varieties are priced, together with the items priced, are shown below: cit Boston Butte Houston Los Angeles Manchester New Haven Portland, Me. Portland, Oreg. Providence Salt Lake City San Francisco Seattle Fin-Fish Varieties Priced Haddock fillet, fresh Salmon, fresh or frozen Ocean perch fillet, frozen Salmon, fresh or frozen Cod fillet, frozen Cod fillet, frozen Haddock fillet, fresh Salmon, fresh or frozen Haddock fillet, fresh Halibut, fresh or frozen Ocean perch fillet, frozen Salmon, fresh or frozen Cod fillet, frozen Halibut, fresh or frozen Sea trout, fresh, dressed Halibut, fresh or frozen Haddock fillet, frozen Haddock fillet, frozen Haddock fillet, frozen Halibut, fresh or frozen Cod fillet, frozen Salmon, fresh or frozen Salmon, fresh or frozen Halibut, fresh or frozen 32 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 The prices for the new specifications were introduced into the former index (linked) at the January 1952 level, thus maintaining index continuity in spite of the specification changes. The calculation base period (100 percent) for the Fresh and Frozen Fin-Fish Index is the average of the two years 1938 and 1939. There has been no change in this base period. The Consumers! Price Index for moderate-income families in large cities com- puted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics measures average changes in retail prices of goods, rents, and services purchased by wage earners and lower-salaried workers in large cities. The Fresh and Frozen Fin-Fish Index measures average changes in the retail prices of fin fish The Fresh and Frozen Fin-Fish Index is combined with the prices and indexfor canned pink salmon (with the base period 1938-39=100) and the Al] Fin-Fish Index (with the base period 1935-39=100) is computed. This latter index consists of components of fresh, frozen, and canned fin fish. RETAIL PRICES, FEBRUARY 1952: Lower prices were paid by urban families of moderate incomes between mid-January and mid-February for all foods, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor. During this period the retail price index for all foods dropped 2.1 percent, but it was still 0.7 percent above mid-February 1951 (see table Dye Table 2 - Adjusted Retail Price Indexes for Foods and Fin Fish, February 15, 1952, with Comparative Data All fin fish (fresh, frozen & Genel) Soo00n0000 esh and frozen fin fish cecece Canned salmon: pink Jcccccecece do On the other hand, retail prices for fin-fish products (fresh, frozen, and canned) rose slightly--on February 15 the index for these products was 0.1 percent higher than a month earlier and 1.2percent above mid—Feb- ruary 1951. This increasewas entirely dueto higher retail prices for fresh and frozen fin fish. The index for the latter groupof products rose 0.6 percent from mid-January to mid-February and was 5.8 percent above February 15, 1951. Retail prices for frozen ocean perch fillets averaged 46.5 cents per pound in 46 cities, while frozen haddock fillets averaged 52.1 cents per poundin 47 cities in mid- February this year. A year ago frozen ocean perch fillets retailed at 46.4 cents per pound and frozen haddock fillets at 50.5 cents per pound. LOADING FISH AT THE FULTON MARKET, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW BB Table 3 - Average Retail Prices and Price Ranges of Individual Fin-Fish Products, February 15, 1952 United States Frozen Fin Fish Fillets: Ocean perc A rset ada vegeta Nesiss aw a LOTTE ot TIAGO C ee ete Caine Sea oa se Canned Fin Fish: Salmon, ink, @eeereseereccececcer eves ec eaeoe 1/PRICED IN 46 CITIES OUT OF 56. 2/PRICED IN 47 CITIES OUT OF 56. 3/PRICED IN 56 CITIES. Canned pink salmon retail prices continued to drop. These prices have de- clined consistently each month since June 1951, and in mid-February this year were 0.9 percent below the previous month and 6.8 percent below mid-February 1951. The average retail price per 16-oz. can in 56 cities was 57.8 cents as compared with 58.3 cents a month earlier and 62.0 cents a year ago. FEDERAL PROCUREMENT MANUAL If you want to sell your products to the Government, the revised edition of the Government Procurement Manual should be especiaily helpful. When the manual was recently released by the Department of Commerce, Secretary Charles Sawyer de- seribed it as "the only source of information in the Federal Government covering the procurement activities of all major military and civilian agencies." The Manual lists 5,000 items and classes of items for which Federal agencies are in the market. It contains a military agency and a civilian agency index to- gether with a listing of the locations of the appropriate procurement offices. This publication represents many months of cooperative effort among the Office of Small Business, National Production Authority, and military and other civilian agencies in gathering and organizing current procurement data. The Manual has been placed in Department of Commerce Field Offices throughout the country, in local chambers of commerce, and in the seven Market News Service offices (Boston, New York, Hampton, Chicago, New Orleans, San Pedro, and Seattle) where it can be consulted by businessmen interested in obtaining a government con- tracte Copies are also available at the offices of the Small Defense Plants Ad- ministration and at all principal purchasing offices of the military and civilian agencies. Although only a small portion of the manual is devoted to fishery products, those in the fishing industry who are interested in making sales to the Government should find it worthwhile to consult. 3h COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 International CARIBBEAN FISHERIES CONFERENCH: A Conference on Fisheries, sponsored by the Caribbean Commission, convened at Port-of-Spain, Trindad, British West Indies, March 24-28, 1952,a recent U. S. Department of State news release announced. The United States Delegation was as follows: CHAIRMAN: DELEGATES: RICHARD T. WHITELEATHER, ASST. CHIEF, LUIS BONNET, SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO BRANCH OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES, FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE FELIX INIGO, SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO U.S. DEPT. OF THE INTERIOR The Caribbean Commission is sponsoring a series of conferences for the purpose of increasing and disseminating the technical knowledge necessary to the develop-— ment of the economic resources of the Caribbean area. This Conference was considered particularly important in view of the following factors: (1) fish is the principal protein in the diets of the Caribbean peoples; (2) the area is dependent upon the importation of fish; and (3) new techniques of fishing and marketing might make deep— sea fish from the Caribbean waters available at reasonable costs. The provisional agenda for the Conference included consideration of such mat— ters as: occurrence and distribution of commercial fish speciesin the Caribbean; techniques practiced in the Caribbean for fish capture; types of fishing craft in use in the Caribbean; fish marketing, including storage and distribution; methods for conserving and processing fish in the Caribbean; cultivation of fish in ponds; application of recent technical knowledge to exploration and development of new fisheries; and various papers and reports. oe oe ye WwW WW OK WORLD MARINE OIL PRODUCTION AND TRADE, 1951: World production of marine oils in 1951 is estimated at 915,000 tons, an increase of about 7 percent from 1950, but still some 160,000 tons less than the 1935-39 average, the U. S. Department of Agriculture points out in its March 24 report "Fats and Oils: World Production and Trade in 1951." The increase from 1950 occurred almost entirely in sperm and fish oils. Greater de- mand for sperm oil re- sulted in a sharp rise in output of 35,000 tons from the previous year. With the Ant- arctic pelagic catch of baleen whales still limited to 16,000 blue— whale units1/by inter- national agreement, the volume of both produc=— tion and trade in this 1/ ONE BLUE-WHALE UNIT EQUALS ONE BLUE OR TWO FIN OR 2.5 HUMPBACK WHALES. Table 1 - World Production of Marine Oils, 1951 with Comparisons 1985 a, 19512/h9501/] 19491/ --(in 1,000 short tons) ... 430 425 90 lp}) Fish (including liver) .. Oa aenateistoteloteteloteterele 855 /REVISED ACCORDING TO LATEST AVAILABLE DATA. 2/PRELIMINARY. oS April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 35 commodity remains fairly constant from year to year. Increases in fish=cil production in Iceland, Norway, Japan, and the Union of South Africa more than offset a decline in United States output. In 1951, world trade in fish oils decreased about 7 percent from the pre- ceding year, due largely to the decline in United States exports. Indications are that world trade will decline slightly again in 1952. Whale Qil: World production of whale oil in 1951, excluding sperm oil, is estimated at 430,000 tons, a slight increase from the 425,000-ton output in 1950, but still only 79 percent of the prewar average. Although the Antarctic pelagic whale catch is restricted by international agreement, production of whale oil from this area in 1951, including South Georgia shore-station outturns, consti- tuted almost 90 percent of the world supply. Most of the remaining catch oc— curred in waters adjacent to Madagascar, French Congo, and from shore stations operating in Australia, Norway, South Africa, Japan, Canada, and Iceland. Norway continued to rank as the leading producer of whale oil with about 195,000 tons in 1951, or 45 percent of the world total. The United Kingdom's volume, the second largest, was 78,600 tons. Nineteen expeditions participated in the 1950-51 Antarctic operations, including 10 Norwegian, 3 British, 2 Japa— nese, and one éach from South Africa, the Soviet Union, the Netherlands, and Panama. - Under present limitations of catch, it is unlikely that the production of whale oil will change greatly in the next few years. Sperm Oil: A marked increase in the world output of sperm oil oceurred in 1951 when an estimated 90,000 tons was produced. This is an increase of 64 per- cent from 1950 and some 60,000 tons greater than the 1935-39 average. The pres— ent international situation practically eliminated accumulated stocks of this product in 1950 and is responsible for the increase in production. Slightly more than half of the total world output was produced in the Antarctic during the 1950-51 pelagic season. Of the remaining half, about one-third was obtained from sperm whales caught off the coast of Peru. Another third was from sperm whales killed off the Azores and the Russian territories of Kamtchatka and the Kurile Islands, and most of the remaining quantity was from shore—station opera— tions indicated above in the summary of whale oil. Production and trade of sperm oil in 1952 is likely to increase as long as demand continues strong. Unlike the Antarctic baleen whaling, the catch of sperm whales has not been limited by international action. Fish Oils: World output of fish oils in1951, including liver oils, amounted to approximately 395,000 tons, an increase of 20,000 tons from 1950 but still more than 100,000 tons below the prewar average. Norway's production of fish oilsagain Table 2 - World Trade in Marine Oils, 1951 with Comparisons and Forecast for 1952 1952 1951 1935-39 Type (Forecast) | (Estimate) 19501/ Peeieen GrnielOOOMshorcmbons) meetin WWidaNiC raveretatctolclcheislerelolelsiateiersverete eocecoceces 435 430 425 549 © SGI WINEWLES Goooooo ODDS CKOdCOOGGOanOS 100 90 55 30 iaaein, ((shavaloilimes dbluei)) S655 5060050006 25 120 125 135 35) MO GAN Leveleinveisialelorel suave Biaval clskalersiaceas Bivics| ln Caton 6450 J/REVISED ACCORDING TO LATEST AVAILABLE DATA. 36 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 reached a new high with an estimated output of 80,000 tons, mainly herring oil. Substantial increases inoutput also were reported for Iceland and South Africa. Production of fish oils in the United States, however, fell to about 72,000tons, a decrease of almost 15 percent from 1950. Other important producing countries are Canada, Japan, the United Kingdon,and the Soviet Union. Trade in fish oils in 1951, estimated at 125,000 tons, declined some 7 per- cent from 1950 when exports approximated the prewar average. With production down in the United States, exports of fish oils from that country dropped almost 35 percent from the record 38,000 tons in 1950. Exports from Iceland increased, while shipments from Norway and Canada remained about the same as in 1950. Other exporting countries were the Netherlands, France, Portugal, South Africa, Japan, Argentina, and the United Kingdom. Trade in 1952 is forecast at slightly below the 1951 level. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION MEDITERRANEAN FISHERIES COUNCIL FORMED: Agreement has been reached for the establishment of a General Fisheries Council for the Mediterranean, according to a March news release from the Food and Agriculture Organization. ; The agreement came into force when-the neces-— sary fifth notification of acceptance was received at FAO's Rome Headquarters. Governments previous— ly accepting the agreement were Italy, the United Kingdom, Egypt, and Yugoslavia. The council, a technical and administrative body formed from among member governments of FAO, will encourage and coordinate national efforts for making more and better use of the fisheries in the sea and in the fresh waters of the Medi- terranean area. The council will cite problems and rate them according to impor- tance, exchange information on matters of common interest, and act as an advisory and consultative body to FAO in such fields as extension work and vocational train= ing centers. EXPANSION AND MODERNIZATION OF FISHING INDUSTRY PLANNED: The Chilean Minis— ter of Economy and Trade announced the latter part of last year that 37,200,000 Chilean pesos (US#3,720,000) will be spent on establishing shore facilities for fishing activities, and modernizing fishing craft and gear. In addition, a com- plete reorganization of the Department of Fish and Game to implement the programs is planned, reports a January 1952 news release from the FAO North American Region— al Office. At the same time, a new fishing law probably will be enacted by the national Congress. BL ERO AO ee - April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 37 Argentine Republic DEVELOPMENT OF FISHERIES PLANNED: Thirty-five Belgian and 25 Netherlands fishermen were due in Mar del Plata, Argentina, in January. They were bringing UNLOADING AND PACKING FISH AT FISH WHARF, MAR DEL PLATA, ARGENTINA. seven fishing vessels ranging in size from 90 to 117 metric tons, according tothe January 31 issue of Fiskets Gang, a Norwegian trade paper. The vessels were built in Germany and France during the period from 1947 to 1949 and include radar among their equipment. Many of the fishermen were bringing their families so that the whole group numbered 110 persons. Fishing operations are to be based on Mar del Plata where a Belgian company, capitalized at 45 million francs (about $891,000), has secured property for the installation of a modern freezer with a capacity of 300 tons of fish per day. The company expects to transport and distribute fish in Buenos Aires and the rest of the country through a network of freezers. Fishing is to begin in a few weeks, but the freezer will not be ready for eight months. te 38 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 Denmark TUNA CATCH IN KATTEGAT AREA: The tuna (tunny) season in the Kattegat area these waters. Even in the beginning of November lots of tuna were willing to bite, reports the November 195lis— F sue of World Fish Trade. The reason fv .S why the tuna stayed longer this year i was that in certain places of Kattegat large shoals of herring occurred. BEAR |SLAND © @ SAN MAYEN |SLAND The landings of tuna in Danish ports amounted to 1,100 metric tons for August through October (August 350 tons, September 500 tons, and October 250 tons). The number of fish is es— timated at 8,000 with an average weight of 275 pounds each. In 1950, theeatch during the same season totaled 991i tons, while in 1949 it was 2,084 tons. 7 g esti) Gane However, in 1951 the tuna were caught ee ae % Scontans DENNER much later in the year and much farther —ove se 3 .. south than normally. This, according to the scientists, is due to the fact that a considerable amount of salt waterhas poured in the seas south of Kattegat. However, most of the Danish tuna catch for October was taken in the North Sea. SS WY NORWEGIAN SEA | CELAND AREY KUAVIK THE FAEROES iS & THE FAEROES Ws age THE FAE : 5 =_=-s SHETLAND 1s. THORSHAVN'< ’ de, SORKNEY 1S. Q According to reports, in Falkenberg, Sweden, about 4,000 tuna were landed there in October 1951. Hong Kong FISHERIES RESEARCH UNIT ESTABLISHED: A Fisheries Research Unit, with a 60- foot vessel at its disposal, will start operations in September in the Hong Kong University's Department of Biology, under an agreement between the university and the Hong Kong Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, according to the April 5 issue of Foreign Trade, a Canadian periodical. The cost of establishing the unit is being met out of colonial development and welfare funds. Recurrent expenditures will be met by the local government. It is expected that the research carried out by the unit will improve the catch in the Colony's fishery and will contribute substantially to general fish- eries research in the Indo-Pacific region. Among other projects, the unit will survey fishing grounds around Hong Kong; study the effect of ocean currents and prevailing winds on the movement of fish with the possibility of discovering new fishing grounds; investigate factors influencing the yield from local fishing grounds with a view to forecasting production; and consider measures to extend and improve brackish and fresh-water pond-fish culture. Grae April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 39 Iceland IMPOSES FISHING RESTRICTIONS WITHIN FOUR-MILE ZONE: Regulations establish- ing a four-mile zone for fishing around all of Iceland were issued by the Gov- ernment on March 19, states an Amercian consular dispatch from Rekjavik. The straight base lines of the delimited zone are drawn from the outermost points of the coasts, islands, and rocks, and across openings of bays. All trawling and Danish seine netting, as well as all other foreign fishing activities, are prohibited within this four-mile zone. The official press release announcing this action emphasized the economic importance of the step taken. The regulations issued became effective May 15, 1952. India DEVELOPMENT OF FISHERIES IN MADRAS STATE: The Government of Madras plansto open six new deep-sea fishing centers in the State under a United States Point IV grant of US#50 million, according to a Februar: 19 American consular dispatch from Madras. Two of the six deep-sea fishing centers are to be located on the West Coast, one at Kozhikode (Calicut), and one at Mangalore. The other four deep-sea fishing centers are to be located on the East Coast (Coromandel Coast), one at Visakhapat- nam, one at Kakinada, and two at places not yet determined. The Madras Hindu, a local newspaper, on February 13 made the following edito- rial comment on the proposed opening of six deep-sea fishing centers: "This is good news and should ultimately result in increasing the food supply of the State where the bulk of the people consume fish when it is available." The editorial further stated: "The coast line of Madras is 1,700 miles long and the seas teem with fish, but the country vessels which now operate off the shore are not ableto go far out to sea where the larger shoals of fish are to be found. Nor have these areas been adequately surveyed. This lack of knowledge of the habits of marine life accounts for the camvarative failure of our attempts to fish in the deeper waters. Here is a field where the survey vessels of the Indian Navy and even merchant ships can be asked to offer their cooperation. If these vessels could report on their findings of fish shoals to the Fisheries Department, the fishing vessels could be guided andtheir time and energy saved. "The Fisheries Department acquired eight power-driven vessels some time ago but their operations have not been very successful, partly because the trawlers themselves were not in good repair and partly because of inexperience in this line. In Bombay and West Bengal, there seems to have been a greater measure of success. In Bombay, for example, the two Dutch Diesel-motored trawlers -ecent- ly acquired are in the charge of English TYPICAL FISHING VESSEL OF INDIA. captains who have had pienty of experience 40 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 in deep-sea fishing. The vessels operate 20 to 60 miles off shore and use 62- foot drag nets which sweep the sea bed for ten miles to make their catch which ranges from five to ten metric tons of fish each time. The trawlers are equipped with cold—storage holds of 30-ton capacity andso the catch does not get spoiled even when the trip takes several days. It is to be hoped that the trawlers that may be purchased for Madras will be modern vessels equipped with the proper tackle and machinery. It may be necessary for some time to employ foreign skippers and mates who will conduct operations and train Indians in techniques that are new to this country. At the same time, cold storage facilities at the fishing stations and arrangements to market the fish inlend-will have to be made. Proper planning of every detail is essential if the venture is to prove successful. The vessels that the Madras Government already possesses probably need better maintenance and upkeep than they have so far received. Foreign experts could do a great deal to put this infant industry on its feet and give our Fisheries Department the benefit of their experience." Irish Free State FISHING INDUSTRY REORGANIZATION PLANNED: Plans to reorganize the fishing industry have been presented to the Legislature in a Sea Fisheries Bill, accord— ing to the April 12 issue of Foreign Trade. The present fishing fleet consists chiefly of small craft not capable of op-— ‘erating on distant fishing grounds. The new proposals call for large Diesel= engined vessels which can range as far as Scotland, the Faroes, and the North Sea. They will be fitted with echo-sounding gear, radio-telephones, -and all other mod= ern equipment; will have a displacement of 80 to 100 metric tons; and will be able to stay at sea for 20 days and return with 35 metric tons of fish, greded and packed on board. The first six of the new boats, costing £25,000 (US#69,500) each and built locally, will be operating next year. A new Sea Fishery Board will run the boats, employing crews on a wage-plus-share basis.

SEYCHEL' During the past few months, the 2 : ee ; Menicha has been trawling off the le 2 AMBIQUE a LEN rors Malindi-Mambrui regions on the mud 1 i bottoms made by the silt deposited at sea by the Sabaki River, which is the Athi River at its source. Very encourag- ing results have been obtained. It was thought that while this fishing couldnot stand a full-sized 350-ton commercial trawler it might provide profitable trawl- ing for a couple of motor-fishing vessels. Two trawlers have already been or- dered from Britain by business firms. M7) Lebanon POINT FOUR SPECIALIST TO ADVISE LEBANON ON EXPANSION OF FISH INDUSTRY: A Washington, D. C., for Beirut, Lebanon, about March 17 to advise that country in the development of salt-water fishery resources under the Point Four Program, the U. S. Department of the Interior announced in March. Lebanon, a seacoast country on the eastern end of the Mediterranean, hopes to improve the quantity and quality of fisheries production to provide more pro- tein food for her people and has asked the cooperation of the United States in exploring the potentialities of expanding the industry. The American specialist will develop a pilot—project cooperative with im- proved equipment to demonstrate the feasible methods of catching more fish and bettering processing and distribution. He will also serve as technical advisor on methods to be developed for the preservation and marketing of fish. The State Department's Technical Cooperation Administration will provide e- quipment to enable Quistorff to carry on the pilot demonstration. The fishery project is part of a broad program for the development of Leba- non in the fields of natural resources, agriculture, industry, health, welfare, and education. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 43 Point Four funds allocated for the project include the technician's salary and travel expenses, plus the cost of demonstration equipment and its transpor- tation. Lebanon will contribute her share of the project expense in accordance with the project agreement. Mexico. FRODUCERS SEEK CLOSED SEASONS FOR CERTAIN FISHERIES: The Mexican National Association of Shrimp Producers obtained Government approval for the declaration of a closed season during all of March 1952 in the Gulf of California in an effort to increase this year's shrimp spawning. The shrimp industry on the west coast of Mexico suffered losses due to the disappointing catch and there was danger that some plants might be forced to close, states a February 28 American Fmbassy dis- patch from Mexico. There was much fear expressed that sardines and lobsters in the Gulf of California might disappear and local operators are seeking assistance from the authorities to prohibit fishing during the spawning season between February and July. At the present time sardines are fished the year around by both American and Mexican fishermen. EHR HE GUAYMAS SHRIMP-FREEZING PLANTS CLOSED: Some of the Guaymas shrimp—freezing plants closed in mid—February for lack of shrimp, states a March 12 American con- sular report from that city. The remainder closed on March 8 after processing the catch landed by the Guaymas fleet which returned to port because of a tempo- rary closed season. The economic situation of the plants and boat owners is acute because of the poor season, and the economic activity in Guaymas is much depressed as a result. HHRHEE NEW OFTICIAL CANNED SARDINE PRICE ESTABLISHED FOR EXFORT DUTY PURPOSES: The official Mexican price for sardines in bottles, jars, or tins has been increased from Pesos 2.37 to Pesos 2.64 per gross kilo (from 12.45 to 13.87 U.S. cents per gross pound), according to a circular which appeared in the Diario Oficial of February 25, 1952. This official price is established for the purpose of assess— ing the ad-valorem export tax and additional surtax, states a February 26 American consular dispatch from Mexico. HEE HER ‘ SHRIMP EXPORT DUTIES INCREASED: Mexican export duties on shrimp have been increased by raising the official evaluetion 10 percent. At the same time, fro- zen shrimp exported from Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, and Santa Rosalia, Baja California, have been accorded the same preferential treatment as Gulf of Mexico frozen shrimp, reports an April 3 American consular dispatch from Mexico City. These changes were published in the Diario Oficial of March 25, 1952, and became effec- tive the date of publication. 44 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 The following table summarizes the various export taxes on Mexican shrimp in accordance with the current regulations: Fresh or Iced Shrimp ; Frozen Shrimp From Gulf of Mexico, From Salina Cruz, & From Type of Tax of Mexico Pacific | Santa Rosalia Pacific Sloe cece im Mexican ipesosiperimet ric nbon)meseeeeenen ConexatexcpOrtaleletslstelslelelsielstelelalstelelalelelols 3.00 3.00 5.00 5.00 Oma diva Oem Weleleleletelaleleleleleleleiatclelciatelels 737.00 880.00 - = Additional 15% ad valorem .ecececeeee | 1,105.50 1,320.00 1,320.00 ISS GaASMNRNGMN Goss6oq00ddcuco0OD0000 = = — 368.50(33-1/3%)| - 440.00(33-1/3% Total additional tax less exemption . - - 880.00 ProMMUUN CAPE Welore aie toterel-tevel sl ehelereie eicteteterels 36.91 44.06 14.80 17.66 MOEN Were Ho Geog Hones GooU MeO OOKS 2,247.06 754.80 900.66 eceeoes (in U.S. currency=-cents per pound) ....ccccece MO eUlMrt Ovelelaterel selevelobeletorarctelelcletele sictoisleyete 9.9 | 11.8 3.9 4.7 The new Mexican export duties continue to encourage the exportation of frozen shrimp and discourage the exportation of fresh shrimp. In addition, frozen shrimp | NSHORE SHRIMP RESOURCES ROCKPORT CORPUS CHRIST! @ MAZATLAN exported from Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, and Santa Rosalia, Baja California, have a slight advantage over frozen shrimp from the Pacific on the basis of the present export tax- ES. NOTE: VALUES IN U.S. CURRENCY BASED ON 1 MEXICAN PESO EQUALS 11.56 U.S. CENTS. OK KK *K April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 45 formulating a program for the coming year and to elect officers. The 150 dele- gates to the meeting decided the following to be the major objectives of their program: 1. Scientifically regulate fishing, for the 4. Create a National Institute of Fisheries purpose of conservation of the species. in order to develop scientific investigation of Mexico's marine species. 2. Create a Bank of Fishery Credit in order to obtain maximum development of the industry, in- 5. Make a conscientious study of the economic crease production, and lower prices. situation of the Mexican fishery industry in order to petition the Government for the assistance re- 3. Strengthen the bonds of friendship with quired to improve conditions. North American industrialists by means of the Shrimp Association of the Americas, in order to obtain a §. Create a Directoryof the Fishery Industry better market for products of the sea through strict | with all types of data pertaining to this activity quality control and a large advertising campaign. and the men who are engaged in it. Norway 1952 WINTER HERRING CATCH AND UTILIZATION: The Norwegian 1952 winter herring season finished on February 12, while the spring herring season commenced on the following day, states a February 21 American Embassy dispatch from Oslo. The preliminary estimate of the 1952 winter herring catch is given as 5,600,000 hectoliters (about 520,800 metric tons) with a value paid to fishermen of approximately 104,000,000 kroner (US$14,560,000) as compared to the catch of 6,700,000 hectoliters (623,100 tons) in 1951, and 6,100,000 hectoliters (567,300 tons) in 1950, which makes 1952 the third largest year for this catch. Of the total winter herring catch, 360,714 hectoliters (33,546 tons) have already been-exported as fresh and iced fish, as compared to 475,210 hectoliters (44,194 tons) last year; 574,241 hectoliters (53,404 tons) of the catch were salt- ed as compared to 716,138 hectoliters (66,600 tons) last year; while canneries took 63,754 hectoliters (5,929 tons) against 96,946 hectoliters (9,016 tons) last year. Herring oil and meal factories took 4,543,866 hectoliters (422,580 tons)as against 5,367,435 hectoliters (499,171 tons) last year; while 41,730 hectoliters (3,881 tons) of this year's catch have been used for bait and 35,707 hectoliters (3,321 tons) have been used for home consumption. (Totals on utilization don't add exactly to catch totals since latter have been rounded off.) It is reported that smaller quantities of this season's catch of frozen and fresh herring are being exported to other countries than was the case last year. the demand for practically alltypes of liver oils is at present very slack and that there is about a 20 percent drop in price quotations for medicinal cod-liver oil, while KLIPFISH STACKED DURING CLOUDY WEATHER, BUT LATER for other liver oils the price quo— WILL BE LAID OUT FOR SUN DRYING. tations show a decrease of approxi- 46 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. ri No. 4 mately 30 percent. The same situation preveils with respect to herring patil, | lu¢ is stated by local trade sources that the drop in value is due to the competiticn from vegetable oils and other fat products which for the past four months have been falling in price on the world market. SEALING FLEET LEAVES FOR NEWFOUNDLAND: A Norwegian sealing fleet of 11 ves- sels left for Newfoundland waters to engege in sealing operations at the opening of the season during the first days of March. KLIPFISH STOCKS SOLD: It is reported by the trade that nearly all of last season's klipfish stock will be sold before the new season starts. The present export price for this article is said to be very satisfactory. HREH EN fully locating and following the huge schools of winter herring on their migrato- ry spawning journey toward the Norwegian coast in the winter of 1950-51, the Nor- wegian research vessel G. 0. Sars repeated this performance in December 1951 and January 1952, according to an article by Finn Devold, leader of the cruises of the ASDIC-equipped vessel. He writes that the surveys this winter confirmed the observations of last winter that the herring, during their spawning migration to Vestlendet in Norway, follow thé cold-water masses the East Icelandic Arctic Cur— rent carries southward in the direction of the Faeroes and then eastward toward the Norwegian coast. All searches for herring either south or north of thisCur- rent gave negative results, according to an article which appeared in the March 13 Fiskets Gang. The weather conditions during the winter were especially bad but it was possible, nevertheless, to carry out the program in every respect. This research gives promise of being able to follow the schools to land eachyear. NORWEGIAN RESEARCH VESSEL FOLLOWS WINTER HERRING MIGRATION: After success— Perhaps the most important discovery during the winter was that the herring appear to remain for some days outside Storegga before going on over the banks. This winter the herring were found on Storeggaon January 15 and reached the coast on January 22. It is therefore possible, under favorable weather conditions, that the winter herring fishery can be moved forward a whole week by the fishermen be- ginning to fish about 50 miles off the coast. With the good weather forecasting service available this should be possible with little danger to the fishing craft. HHHEHE NEW METHOD FOR PROCESSING DRY-SALTED COD: An epoch=-meking method for proc ery trade papér. The new method utilizes a press which, within a period of seven hours, can prepare dry-salted cod (klipfisk) from the raw fish. The good quali- ties of the product are not affected by the method, which is a combination of vac- uum drying and pressing. The equiment is relatively expensive but reportedly saves so much time and work that the original cost is soon counteracted. HHEEE SAUSAGE CASING FROM SEAWEED: A new type of sausage casing, made from Nor- wegian seaweed, shortly will appear on the world market, states the Norwegian In- formation Service in an April 3 news release. In contrast to the cellophane skin now used for sausages, the alginate type is edible and 29 times lighter in weight. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 47 Slated to be made by a factory now under construction in Germany, with an initial output of 22 million yards a month, the new type of casing is the re- sult of two years of experiments. The manufacturing process is patented inGer- many. The raw material, however, will be 100 percent Norwegian. This coming summer Norway's largest processor of alginates will have about 900 workers collecting seaweed along the Norwegian coast. The company already has two dehydrating plants, near Bergen and Kristiansand, and another is being built in the northern district of Helgeland. Norway's alginate industry has lately developed a number of excellent prod- ucts which are used extensively in textiles, plastics, cosmetics, films, paints, ice cream, and jam. Used as a stabilizer, algin acid makes better and safer ice cream and in much shorter time than gelatin. Serving the same purpose as pectin in jam making, algin acid requires two-thirds less sugar to achieve the desirable consistency. Panama SCALE OF MILES 0 lo} 100 In 1950 the country imported fishery products valued at over US$500,COO. However, an increase has been noted in the country's shrimp exports during 1951 when anes- timated 1,249,747 pounds of shrimp (valued at US$711,430) were shipped out. The United States was the principal receiver of this shrimp. Only 302,284 pounds of shrimp (valued at US$166,979) were exported in 1950. Panamanian waters also provided a source of bait for tuna boats, and in 1951 the Government received approximately US$73,000from the issuance of bait-fishing licenses, principally to United States tuna vessels. 48 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 Spain quirements for the fish-canning industry in Galicia, a more favorable export ex- change rate arrangement, and larger tin-plate supplies enabled the fish-canning industry in the Vigo District of Spain during 1951 to operate at a slightly high- er percentage of capacity than in 1950. The percentage of capacity .at which the industry operated is estimated at 30 percent as compared to 28 percent in 1950, according to a February 15 American consular dispatch from that district. This difference is even more favorable, however, when considered in the light of the fact that the production capacity of the industry for all of Spain was changed from 3,000,000 cases (approximately 44 pounds per case) to 4,000,000 cases dur- ing the vear. Fish-canning plants in the Vigo District purchased a total of 21,825,000 pounds of fish during 1951 as compared to 18,313,000 pounds’ in 1950. The larger part of the pack consisted of albacore and anchovies in oil. Although the sar- dine catches were larger than in 1950, the early catches were too small for can- ning and the later catches, whichwere larger, could not be canned because of the lack of tin-plate. The export exchange rate arrangement, which was established by an order of the Ministry of Commerce dated Octover 31, 1951, allows the canners to negotiate 50 percent of the foreign exchange earned in- the Free Exchange Market. The other 50 percent is exchanged by the Spanish Foreign Exchange Institute at the rate of Pesetas 21.90 equals $1.00, The average rate under this arrangement is Pesetas 30.75 equals $1.00. Under the new arrangement the canners, once import licenses have been obtained, can purchase foreign exchange freely in the Free Exchange Mar- ket. Under the former arrangement they were limited to 20 percent of the foreign exchange earned. Due to the United States grant in January 1952 of US#2,000,000 to Spain for the purchase of tin-plate, $1,000,000 of which is for the fish canners, the out- look of the industry is one of optimism, although the canners are inclined to doubt that it will be made available before tin-plate export quotas are exhausted. EHHEHE NEW FISHING VESSELS FOR COD FISHERIES: A new Spanish vessel, built especial— ly for cod fishing, was delivered to the owners the latter part of February, states the March 29 issue of Foreign Trade of the Canadian Department of Trade and Com- merce. The new vessel, Santa Cecilia, was built at the Astano dockyards in Spain and has a displacement of 2,300 metric tons. It is capable of developing a speed of 13 knots. The vessel will leave shortly for Newfoundland waters. Eight more vessels of this type are under construction at the Astano dock- yards according to reports from Madrid. aa) ae _=e United Kingdom UNDERWATER TELEVISION MAY BE USED TO EXPLOIT WORLD'S FISHERIES: An under- water television apparatus is now being built for the Scottish Marine Biological Association, states the February 23 issue of the Fish Trades Gazette, a British fishery periodical. Information regarding this apparatus was presented in a pa= per given by Dr. J. D. M'Gee to the Royal Society of Arts in London during Febru- ary. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 49 The apparatus will consist of a camera mounted in a strong steel case which has a glass window in front of the operative lens and a water tight gland through which the camera cable is brought through the steel cover plate. The author of the paper ("Television Technique As An Aid to Observation") indicated its impor- tance in exploiting to what he referred to as "that vast potential source of food, the ocean." In outlining the beginning of the genesis of this piece of equipment, the author states that some three years ago Dr. H. Barnes, of the Scottish Marine Bio- logical Association, proposed that a submarine television equipment should be built and tested for underwater observation. An application was made to the Treasury for a grant from the development fund. The application was considered by the Development Commission's Advisory Committee for Fisheries Research, which recommended that a grant should be made, and who appointed a scientific group to keep in close contact with the work. The grant was authorized early in 1951, and shortly afterwards a contract was placed with a British research laboratory for the construction of suitable equipment. U.S.S.R. REFRIGERATED FISH TRANSPORTS ORDERED FROM NETHERLANDS: Russia has ordered from Dutch shipyards five 2,540-metric-ton refrigerator ships under the Dutch- Russian trade agreement of 1948, according to the February 23 issue of The Fish- ing News, a British periodical. These ships are specially equipped for the trans- portation of fish. The order is valued at more than 40,000,000 guilders (about US$10,500,000). The vessels will be built in three different shipyards. __ 7 Venezuela FISHERIES TRENDS, 1951: Canning Industry: Canned fish production in Vene= zuela during 1951, as for the past several years, exceeded market demands., and the fish canneries operated only part time. A total of 6,050 metric tons of can- ned fish were packed during the first nine months of 1951, or 48 percent more than during the same period in 1950. The canners blamed importations for this inabil- ity to market their product, and succeeded in having the duty increased on certain canned fish from 8s.0.28 to Bs.2.00 per kilogram (from 3.8 cents to 27.1 U.S. cents per pound). But, the old rates of duty continued in effect for imports from the United States and from other countries with which Venezuela has commer- cial treaties or modus vivendi containing most-favored-nation clauses. However, it was recognized by the canners that imports are only a small part of their problem, and they persuaded the Government to engage in semi-barter deals whereby imports will be paid for at least in part with Venezuelan canned fish. An agree-— ment was reached with Colombia for an exchange of canned fish for sugar. Under this arrangement, 3,000 metric tons of Colombian sugar were imported and 30 per- cent of the cost was paid in canned fish. In spite of this, the canners are still complaining of excess inventories and seek a favorable exchange rate on exports to permit them to dispose of their fish in the world market. Fishing Fleet Expansion: The Venezuelan Development Corporation announced it has under construction 28 fishing vessels, of which 8 are of 20 metric-ton displacement, and 20 have 6 cubic meters of refrigerated storage each. It is 50 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 hoped that these additions to the fishing fleet will permit a wider range for fish- ing, and that the refrigeration facilities will help intensify the effort. Production: Fish production in all cat=- egories increased in the first nine months of 1951 as compared with the same months of 1950. The fresh fish catch was 26,719 metric tons, or 16 percent above the first nine months of 1950; salt fish production was 7,531 metric tons, or 35 percent above the same period of 1950. Foreign Trade: Fish imports for the 9- month period of 1951 show salt-herring imports were 14 tons, down 45 vercent from the like period of 1950; non-salted herring, 235 tons, up 16 percent; salted cod (bacalao), 382tons, up 28 percent; non-salted cod (bacalao), 4 tons, down 47 percent; caviar, 2 tons, up170 percent; shellfish, 159 tons, up 32 percent; salmon, 114 tons, down 15 percent; sardines, 1,341 tons, up 53 percent; salted sardines, 14 tons, up 254 percent; other fish products (except salted), 124 tons, down 22 percent; and other salted fish products, 62 tons, up 20 percent. CARRY!NG SARDINES FROM BOAT TO CANNERY. THE CODFISH INDUSTRY IN NORTHERN PORTUGAL &s a producer, consumer, and importer of fishery products, Portugal is vitelly interested in the International Convention for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries and is represented on three of five Sub-Area Panels. Though the 1949 cod catch is reported by the Food and Agriculture Organization to be at about the 1938 level, Portugal realizes that this indicates an increasingly dangerous situation, for the catch was made with more modern fleets using more efficient fishing methods. It appears that continuance of the present fishing practices would cause an increas- ingly disastrous shortage. Portugal, more than most of the other participating nations, must pin her nopes on the measures of the convention being sufficient to insure maximum production for otherwise she stands to lose a basic item in the diet of nearly every one of her citizens and a means of livelihood for severel thousand people. --Fishery Leaflet 267 April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 51 eu, FEDERAL Gey ACTIONS Department of Commerce NATIONAL PRODUCTION AUTHORITY CONTROLLED MATHRIALS DELIVERIES BY DISTRIBUTORS: Users of controlled mate— rials may now receive them from distributors 15 days prior to the quarter for which the allotment is valid, the National Production Authority announced March 21.6 NPA said the March 21 amendment to Controlled Materials Flan Regulation No.4 (Deliveries of Controlled Materials by Distributors) now makes it possible for authorized controlled materials orders placed with distributors to call for deliv- ery and be shipped during the 15 days prior to the quarter for which the related allotment is valid. In effect, the amendment provides for a 105—-day quarter for purchases of controlled materials from distributors. At the same time, NPA also announced several minor changes to CMP Regulation No. 4 These include: 1. An amplification of the definition of controlled materials so that the definitions in CMP Reg. 1 and CMP Reg. 4 are now identical. 2. A provision which allows a distributor to reject any order for controlled materials if the person seeking to place the order is unwilling or unable to meet such distributor's regularly-established prices and terms of sale or payment. The amendments in CMP Reg. 4 were primarily to conform with recent amendments in CMP Reg. l. For details see: COMP Reg. 4 (Deliveries of Controlled Materials by Distribu— tors) as amended Mar. 21, 1952; and news release NPA-2029 of same date. STESL STRAPPING RSSTRICTIONS R&MOVeaD BY NPA: Revocation of the basic order ae by the National Production Authority. Order M—-59 was issued May 1, 1951, to conserve steel by preventing unnecessary use of strapping on light packages. The order listed 14 acceptable uses for strap— ping and limited inventories to a 45-day supply. NPA indicated that there are ample supplies of steel strapping to meet all immediate and foreseeable requirements. However, steel strapping will remain sub-— ject to the inventory limitations of NPA regulation 1. ————————————— SSS NOTE: FULL TEXTS OF MATERIALS ORDERS MAY BE OBTAINED FROM NATIONAL PRODUCTION AUTHORITY, WASHINGTON 25, D. C., OR FROM ANY DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REGIONAL OR FIELD OFFICE. 52 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 Federal Trade Commission PUBLIC REFRIGHRATED STORAGE INDUSTRY TRADE PRACTICE RULES: Revised Trade Practice Rules for the Public Refrigerated Storage Industry, formerly known as the Commercial Cold Storage Industry, were issued by the Federal Trade Commission on ~ April 4. The rules constitute a revision of those promulgated for the industry on November 9, 1931. Numerous changes embodying clarification of the applicable re— quirements of laws administered by the Commission have been made. Primary objectives of the rules are the maintenance of free and fair conpeti- tion in the industry and the elimination and prevention of unfair methods of compe— tition, unfair acts or practices, and other trade abuses. The new rules become op— erative 30 days from the date of their pronulgation—-April 4. Copies of Trade Practice Rules For The Public Refrigerated Storage Industry are available from the Federal Trade Commission, Washington 25, D.C. Interstate Commerce Commission TRUCK TRIP—LEASING RESTRICTION DELAYSD: Further postponement of Ex Parte MC— 43 "trip-leasing"regulations due to become effective April 1, 1952, was ordered by the Interstate Commerce Commission. The Commission's order of May 8, 1951, requires all trip-leases to be for a minimum period of 30 days and requires exclusive use of the leased equipment by the lessor for this period. The order of March 20, 1952, delayed the effective date of the regulations until the final disposition by the Supreme Court of the United States of the appeal fram the decision of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana in Eastern Motor Express, Inc. vs. United States and Interstate Commerce Commission. NEW INCREASE IN FREIGHT RATES AND CHARGES AFFECTS FISHERY PRODCUTS: A further increase in freight rates and charges was granted by the Interstate Commerce Com— mission on April 11 as a result of the railroads' requests for increases, The la-— test authorizations under Ex Parte No. 175 granted by the Commission supersede all prior authorizations in this Docket and, generally speaking, for fishery products the increase is added to those rates and charges prevailing on April 3, 1951. Except as otherwise provided, all basic freight rates and charges of petitioning railroads (including rates and charges for the transportation of milk and cream in passenger or freight service, including commodities listed in the milk and cream tar-— iffs) may be justly and reasonably increased 15 percent. Such increases are to be applied as percentage increases in the amount of the total freight charges as shown by the freight bill, exclusive of the Federal transportation tax, and subject to the maximum amounts of increase specified by the Commission. The railroads applied last year for a 15 percent increase. Last August subse—- quent to an earlier interim ruling made on March 12, 1951, the Commission ruled that instead of a straight 15 percent advance, the charges should be raised 9 percent in the East and 6 percent in the South and West. The new order now allows the full 15 percent across the country. This actually means another increase of 9 percent in the South and West and 6 percent in the Hast over what was granted last August. The full 15 percent increase applies to all fishery products rates and charges other than the following important exceptions made to this increase: April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 53 Carload shipments of canned or preserved food products (not cold-pack or frozen) in packages, as specified in Item 490 of Tariff X-162-B, may be increased as provided in the a- bove paragraph, subject to a maximum of 12 cents per 100 pounds. Canned fishery products come under this category. Line-haul rates on sand; gravel, stone, broken, crushed or ground; slag, other than expanded or ground open=hearth basic slag; shells, oyster, clam or mussel, whole, crushed or ground, or screenings; all in open-top cars not protected by tarpaulin or other protective coverings may be increased 12 percent. No increase is authorized in the charges for protective services published in Perishable Pretective Tariff No. 15. Agent Quinn's I.C.C. No. 26; i.e. no further increase in icing charges is provided. No further increase is proposed or authorized in amounts paid or allowances made by carriers for drayage or other serv- ices performed by shippers or receivers of freight. Rates and charges for accessorial or terminal services such as storage, handling, trimming, floatage, lighterage, demurrage on lighters or car floats, loading, unloading, fab- rication, other transit, weighing, et cetera, not otherwise specifically provided for in these findings may be increased 15 percent, except (a) no increase is proposed or authorized in charges for demurrage on freight cars, and (b) no increase is proposed or authorized in charges for handling, loading, or unloading export, import, coastwise or intercoastal traffic which do not affect the measure of the line-haul rates and are not in addition to the line-haul rates. The increased rates and charges authorized may become effective not later than June 1, 1952, by filing with the Commission and publishing schedules, and upon 15 days' notice to the public. The authority to maintain the increases pro- vided in these findings shall expire February 28, 1954, unless s:oner mocified or terminated. All previous findings in this proceeding are amended accordingly to be in conformity with the latest authorization. The record of this Docket willbe held open for the purpose of re-examination of the increases authorized therein prior to the expiration date. At this date it is expected the above Sun Detaa LOMS will be placed into ef- fect by the railroads on May 2. 5h COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. & Eighty-Second Congress (Second Session) MARCH 1952 Listed below are public bills and resolutions introduced and referred to committees, or passed by the Eighty-Second Congress (Second Session) and signed by the President. However, the more pertinent reports, hearings, or chamber ac— tions on some of the bills shown in this section from month to month are also listed. BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS INTRODUCED: Abolish Wage Stabilization Board: H. J. Res. 409 (Kearns) — Joint resolution to amend the De- fense Production Act of 1950 so as to abolish the Wage Stabilization Board, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Banking and Currency. Commercial Fishing Vessels--Marine Inspectiont H. R. 7161 (Kennedy) - A bill for the safety of life and property by making certain commercial fishing vessels subject tothe rules and regulations of the United States Coast Guard marine inspection; to the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. (Includes commercial fishing vessels of over 30 gross tons and operating more than 15 miles outside the line dividing the high seas from the inland waters. ) Conservation of Fish and Wildlife on Klamath Reservation: H. R. 7261 (Stockman) — A bill to provide for the conservation of fish and wildlife on the Klamath Reservation, in Oregon, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Defense Production Act of 1950 Amendment: S. 2873 (Ferguson) = A bill to amend the Defense Pro- duction Act of 1950, as amended; to the Committee on Banking and Currency. H. R. 7079 (McDonough) ;H. R. 7157 (Sadlak); H. R. 7326 (Rains) - Same as S. 28735 to the Com mittee on Banking and Currency. Elimination of Salmon Traps in Alaska: H. R. T2k7 (Bartlett) - A bill to provide for the gradual elimination of salmon traps in waters of Alaska; to the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Fishery Products Distribution: S. 2795 (Sal- tonstall) — A bill to further encourage the distri- bution of fishery products, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. Food Shrinkage: H. R. 7128 (Osmers) - A bill to avoid false representations to the consuming public as to the true weight of food products sub= ject to shrinkage; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Interior Appropriations: H. R. 7176 (Kirwan) - A bill making appropriations for the Department of the Interior for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1953, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Appropriations. (This bill includes appropriations for the Fish and Wildlife Service.) CHAMBER ACTIONS: Japanese Peace Treaty: By 66 yeas to 10 nays, Senate ratified the Japanese Peace Treaty (Exec. A, 82d Cong., 2d sess.); also adopted by voice vote Connally reservation (on behalf of For— eign Relations Committee) barring recognition of any claim by Russia to territory held by Japan on December 7, 1941, and barring recognition of provisions favoring Russia in Yalta Agreement regarding Japan. Interior Appropriations: House reported H. R. 7176, Interior Department Appropriation bill for fiscal year 1953 (H. Rept. 1628). COMMITTEE MERTINGS: Defense Production Act: Senate Committee on Banking and Currency commenced executive meetings to consider amendments to the Defense Production Act of 1950 and the Housing and Rent Act of 1947, and announced, among others, the following ac— tions: Agreed to mark up S. 2594, which extends the present act for 1 year; rejected motion to terminate price and wage ccntrols on June 30, 1952; rejected motion to terminate price and wage controls on March 31, 1953; substituted Public Law 590 of Eighty-first Congress for sec— tion 104, on import controls on fats and oils. Committee scheduled to continue March 31. CONGRESSIONAL HEARINGS: Transcripts of hearings of interest to the fishery and allied industries (available only from the committee that held the hearings). Tuna Imports, hearings before the Commit— tee on Finance, United States Senate, Eighty— Second Congress, Second Session, on H. R. 5693 (An act to amend the Tariff Act of 1930, so as to impose certain duties upon the importation of tuna fish, and for other purposes); February 4, 5, 6, and 7, 1952; 422 p., printed, illus. This transcript contains the text of the bill and the testimony for and against the bill pre- sented at the Senate hearings by Government agencies and various segments of the fishery industries. With this transcript the Senate Committee did not submit its recommendations to the Senate regarding passage of the bill. The Bill, which was introduced in October 1951 during the last session of Congress, provides for a duty of 3 cents a pound on imports of April 1952 fresh and frozen tuna, whether or not whole; for che U. S. Tariff Commission to undertake an inves— tigation of the competitive position of the domes- tic tuna industry including the effect of imports of fresh or frozen tuna on the livelihood of Amer- ican fishermen, and to report the results of this investigation to the Congress on or before January 1, 1953; and directs the Secretary of the Interior COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 55 to make a comprehensive study of the long-range position of the domestic tuna industry and rec- ommend such measures as may be appropriate to promote necessary adjustments so that the indus— try may achieve and maintain a sound position in the domestic economy, with report to be submitted to Congress by Jan. 1, 1953. The bill passed the House of Representatives in October 1951. 4 4 NEW FISHERY PRODUCTS The success with which Labrador natives froze fish by natural means is said to have been the forerunner of the modern frozen-food industry. Freezing foods during periods of abundance when supply costs are lower have brought prices for quality foods within the reach of nearly everyone's pocketbook the year round. This, plus providing foods in consumer-size packages which take a minimum of prepa- ration, has made the frozen-food industry a miltimillion dollar business. New fishery products which seek consumer acceptance are entering frozen food cabinets all the time. Domestically packed, one-pound packages of frozen fresh- water fish fillets are a recent development. Frozen fillets of lake trout, wall- eyed pike, blue pike, yellow perch, whitefish, and northern pike or pickerel are among the products a Great Lakes! company plans to have on the market in the next few months. A frozen shrimp cocktail for two persons is being packaged in a novel, circu- lar, clear-plastic container as an addition to the specialty items available to time-conscious consumers. The cooked and de-veined shrimp are packed in an outer ring which surrounds an inner plastic container holding a prepared cocktail sauce. Since colored plastic cocktail picks are included, the busy homemaker only needs to thaw the product, and remove the lids of the outer and inner packages to serve a complete shrimp cocktail. Another frozen shrimp product, now on the market in considerable volume, is also designed to ease the work of preparing shrimp in the home. Although not peeled, these shrimp are de-veined before packing by an ingenious method that results in little loss of weight. A cut is made through the shell to expose the vein so that it can be removed by jets of water under pressure. The processing of the shrimp before packing gives the homemaker another break--only two minutes of boiling and these shrimp are ready for the table. COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REV IaW LANDINGS AND RECEIPTS 56 In Millions MAINE - LANDINGS NOT INCLUDING IMPORTS 80 = TOF 2 vgs. 1952 - 1951 - 1951 - 60 50 40 30 20) He) SS 5 = (o| ea ed : JAN. FEB. MAR, APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. NEW YORK CITY-RECEIPTS OF FRESH & FROZEN FISH SALT-WATER MARKET CUMULATIVE DATA JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. GULF - SHRIMP LANDINGS HEADS OFF - FOR ALL USES ay | CUMULATIVE DATA 3 MS. 1952 - 12.6] 3, 1951 - 9.8 12 1951 - 76.1 JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR.MAY JUNE In Thousands 2 SEASON - 126.5 SEASON - 355.2 SEASON = 335.6 0) JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE of Pounds : MASSACHUSETTS - LANDINGS BOSTON , GLOUCESTER , NEW BEDFORD , & CAPE COD = CUMULATIVE DATA JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. CHICAGO - RECEIPTS OF FRESH & FROZEN FISH WHOLESALE MARKET CUMULATIVE DATA |} 3 Qs. 3 1952 - 32.2 1951 - 21.8 1951 - 107.2 JAN, FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. SEATTLE - RECEIPTS OF FRESH & FROZEN FISH WHOLESALE MARKET , LANDINGS , & IMPORTS CUMULATIVE DATA - 1952 - 17.3 1951 - 15.4 1951 - 92.3 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. Tons CALIFORNIA- TUNA AND TUNA-LIKE FISH 40 Hf CUMULATIVE DATA mgs. 1952 - 19.9 » 1951 - 36.2 1 1951 - 173.2 of JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. Vol. 14, No. 4 April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 57 COLD STORAGE HOLDINGS and FREEZINGS of FISHERY PRODUCTS In Millions of Pounds U.S. & ALASKA - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH U.S. & ALASKA - FREEZINGS CUMULATIVE DATA 3 MQS. 1952. - 34.9 3, 1951 = 33-7 12 1951 - 325.5 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT, OCT, NOV. DEC. NEW ENGLAND - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH NEW YORK CITY - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. CHICAGO - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH GULF - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH CS) Opa Ff oa OD N wD Oo JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND ALASKA - HOLDINGS OF FROZEN FISH 48 42 36 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG, SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. 58 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW Vol. 14, No. 4 CANNED FISHERY PRODUCTS In Thousands MAINE - SARDINES , ESTIMATED PACK CUMULATIVE DATA 2 MS. 1951 - 1,603.6 1950 - 3,844. 1949 - 3,074. H 3 MOS. 1952 - 3 . 1951 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. 510 a CALIFORNIA - MACKEREL | Saas = eee JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. WASHINGTON - PUGET SOUND SALMON CUMULATIVE DATA JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. Standard Cases UNITED STATES - SHRIMP CUMULATIVE DATA 1951/52 SEASON, JULY-APR. 1950/51 SEASON, JULY-APR. 1950/51 SEASON, TOTAL JULY-JUNE- 817.0 JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE PGAUEORNIA - PILCHARDS CUMULATIVE DATA 1951/52 SEASON, |!400 AUG.-JAN. 1950/51 SEASON, AUG.-JAN. - 5,257.111200 1950/51 SEASON, | TOTAL AUG.-JAN. - JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE ALASKA - SALMON CUMULATIVE DATA TOTAL 1951 SEASON - 3,470.0°/]2800 TOTAL 1950 SEASON - 3,219.7 *PRELIMINARY A A* JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. STANDARD CASES Variety No.Cans Can Designation Net. Wat. SARDINES 100 1/4 drawn 3 1/4 oz. SHRIMP 48 —_— 7 oz. TUNA 48 No. 1/2 tuna 7 oz. PILCHARDS 48 No. 1 oval 15 oz. MACKEREL 48 No. 300 15 oz. SALMON 48 lpound tall 16 oz. April 1952 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIZW 59 PRICES . IMPORTS and BY-PRODUCTS BOSTON - WEIGHTED AVERAGE PRICE MAINE - IMPORTS OF FRESH SEA HERRING ON NEW ENGLAND FISH EXCHANGE IN @ PER POUND IN MILLIONS OF POUNDS CUMULATIVE DATA CUMULATIVE DATA 24 2 -MQS. AWG. 1952 - 1951 - 39.6 2l 2 n 195) 1950 - 39.2 1949 - 36. 949 6 ig 15 12 9 6 3 °O JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT: OCT, NOV. DEC. 11.9. A In Millions of Pounds U.S.- IMPORTS OF FRESH & FROZEN . FILLETS OF GROUND FISH, INCLUDING ROSEFISH CUMULATIVE DATA 2 mgs. 1952 - 6.2 2 i S78) 12 1951 - 39.6 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT, NOV. DEC. In Millions of Pounds U.S.- IMPORTS OF CANNED TUNA hod U.S.-IMPORTS OF CANNED SARDINES AND TUNA-LIKE FISH ; ; (Include in oil and not in oil ) CUMULATIVE DATA CUMULATIVE DATA 2 gS. 1952 - 7 |] 2 mugs. 1952 - H2 , 1951 3.9 aaa 951) -" 4a 12 1951 - 14.0 JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. U.S. & ALASKA - PRODUCTION OF FISH MEAL U.S. & ALASKA - PRODUCTION OF FISH OIL IN. THOUSANDS- OF TONS _IN MILLIONS OF GALLONS 4.2. EEE [omit Sele | gs. 19 : + 1952 = 1951 - . 1951 - 190.0 N RON sen JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. 60 COMMERCIAL FISHUIRTES REVIEW LPL PTE ie ELE LT Tiny EE, tye wo SS ea Woy IL A y i = cmt = —- 4 9 ee Ee RECENT = oe 1 mw, Ph OEP ey ee = 5 : A 8g ee a a ete 2 ss - H ee «sey ataas Pa” Vol. 14, No. 4 Recent publications of interest to the commercial fishing industry are listed below. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE PUBLICATIONS THESE PROCESSED PUBLICATIONS ARE AVAILABLE FREE FROM THE DIVISION OF INFORMATION, U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, WASH- INGTON 25, ID, Co TYPES OF PUBLICATIONS ARE DESIGNATED AS FOL- LOWS: CFS - CURRENT FISHERY STATISTICS OF THE UNITED STATES AND ALASKA. SEP.- SEPARATES (REPRINTS) FROM COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW. SSR.-FISH - SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC REPORTS--FISHERIES (LiM- ITED DISTRIBUTION). Number Title Number Title CFS-700 -— FLORDIA LANDINGS, Sept. 1951, 4 p. CFS-730 — FROZEN FISH REPORT, Feb. 1952, 8 p. CFS-710 - FLORDIA LANDINGS, Oct. 1951, 4 p. CFS-732 — TEXAS LANDINGS, Jan. 1952, 4 p. CFS-712 - ALASKA FISHERIES, 1950 Annual Summary, 6 p. | CFS-733 - MAINE LANDINGS, Dec. 1951, 4 p. CFS-715 - TEXAS LANDINGS, Nov. 1951, 4 pe CFS-740 — TEXAS LANDINGS, Feb. 1952 4 p. CFS-718 - ALABAMA LANDINGS, Nov. 1951, 4 pe SSR-Fish. No. 67 — Salmon Research at Deer Creek, CFS-719 - FLORIDA LANDINGS, Nov. 1951, 4 p. Calif., by Frederick K. Cramer, 18 p., CFS-721 - FROZEN FISH REPORT, 1951 Annual Summary, illus., January 1952. 14 p. CFS-724 —- TEXAS LANDINGS, Dec. 1951, 4 p. Sep. 309 - Report on 1951 Exploratory Bluefin- CFS-729 - MISSISSIPPI LANDINGS, Dec. 1951, 2 p. Tuna Fishing in the Gulf of Maine. MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS THESE PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT AVAILABLE FROM THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, BUT USUALLY MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE AGENCIES ISSUING THEM. CORRESPONDENCE REGARDING PUBLICAT! ONS THAT FOLLOW SHOULD BE ADDRESSED TO THE RESPECTIVE AGENCIES OR PUBL|SHERS MENTIONED. IF READILY AVAILABLE, ARE SHOWN. The Battle for Production (Fourth Quarterly Report to the President by the Director of Defense Mo- bilization), 56 p., illus., printed, 35 cents. Office of Defense Mobilization, Washington, D.C. (For sale by Superintendent of Documents, Washing- ton 25, D. C.), January 1, 1952. This is the fourth quarterly report on the defense mobili- zation program of the United States. It-covers the work of the participating defense agencies and reports not only on the work of the past quarter but to some extent reviews the whole of the year1951, a year of progress. Included are discussions on military production, expansion of our basic economy, the impact of material short- ages, meeting our transportation needs, providing manpower for defense, meeting the challenge of inflation, building the collective strength of the free world, minimizing the effects of enemy attack, and defense mobilization in the year ahead. DATA ON PRICES, British Columbia Catch Statistics (By Area and Type of Gear), December 1951 and January 1952, 5p. and 6 p., respectively, précessed. Department of Fish- eries of Canada, Pacific Area, Vancouver 5, B. C. Preliminary reports of weekly catch statistics for British Columbia by area and type of gear. These reports are issued monthly. British Columbia Catch Statistics 1951 (By Area and Type of Gear), 117 p., processed. Department of Fisheries of Canada, Pacific Area, Vancouver 5, B. C. This compilation represents the first an- nual report basedon the multiple sales slipsystem that was introduced on a Province-wide basis on January 1, 1951. This multiple sales slip system requires that each time a fisherman delivers fish to a company or buyer, the tallyman must complete a sales slip, one copy of which must be sent to the Dominion Department of Fisheries for statis-—- cal purposes. This final report represents the April 1952 COM@RCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW 61 WILDLIFE SERVICE, BUT USUALLY MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE AGEN- CIES ISSUING THEM. total British Columbia catch of fish in 1951 by area of catch and type of gear as reported on sales slips. The catch statistics are divided in this report so that the catch of salmon and Other fish are shown on one page. The front of each area page shows the salmon catch by months, while the reverse side shows other fish (not in- cluding shellfish), and in addition shows the num ber of days fishing by each type of gear for both salmon and other fish. Shellfish landings by area are shown in a separate section. (British Columbia) Provincial Department of Fish- eries Report (with Appendices, For the Year Ended December 31, 1950), 112 p., illus., printed. Provincial Department of Fisheries, Victoria, B. C., 1951. The first section of this report is devoted to an analysis of British Columbia's 1950 production and value of fishery products, the canned salmon pack, and a review of the salmon canning industry. Also discussed are the other canning industries (pilchard, herring, tuna and shellfish), the production of processed fish (mild-cured salmon, dry-salt salmon, dry-salt herring, and pickled herring), the halibut fish- ery, fish oil and meal, net fishing in non-tidal waters, value of Canadian fisheries and the stand— ing of the provinces for 1949, species and value of fish caught in British Columbia, condition of British Columbia's salmon-spawning grounds, and the herring investigation. The second section of this report includes the following articles: "Contributions to the Life-History of the Sockeye Salmon," Paper (No. 36), by D. R. Foskett; "Results of the West Coast ot Vancouver Island Herring Investigation, 1950-51," by J. C. Stevenson, A. S. Hourston, and J. A. Lanigan; "The Seasonal Growth of the Pacific Oyster (Ostrea gigas) in Ladysmith Harbour" by D. B. Quayle; "Report of the Interna— tional Fisheries Commission, 1950," "Report on the Investigations of the Intermtional ‘Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission for 1950," and the "Salmon- spawning Report, British Columbia, 1950." Statistical data on the British Columbia fisheries are also included. (California): Salmon of California, The Striped Bass, Abalone, and Yellowfin Tuna, all four publications by Edward E. Clay, School Wildiife Leaflet Nos. 3, 5, 7 and 9, respectively, 4 p. each, illus., print- ed. California Division of Fish and Game, Sacra- mento 14, Calif. These leaflets are designed pri- marily for use in the elementary schools. They describe briefly-the habits of the specific fish or shellfish of Califormia covered in the leaflet and the conservation of these fisheries. (Canada) Fisheries Statistics of Canada, 1947 and 1948, 129 pe, printed, 50 cents. Department of Trade and Commerce, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Ottawa, Canada. This is a review of the fishery statistics of Canada for 1947 and 1948 prepared in collaboration with Dominion and Provincial Fish- eries Departments. It includes data on the quan- tity and.value of the catch of fishery products for Canada as a whole, producticn of fish oils and fish meal, employment in fish-processing establishments, and value of exports and imports of fishery products. The publication also contains data on the total value of the fisheries, by prov— ince, for 1939-1948, and Canada's lobster pack, by province, for 1928-1948. Fifth International Edinburgh Film Festival 1951 Report, by Elliot A. Macklow, 28 p., illus., printed. Department of State, Washington 25, D.C. This report describes the International Edinburgh Film Festival, how to enter a film, methodof se- lection and recommendations, and gives advice to entrants. Amongother items, it lists the United States Government productions which were submitted for consideration, as well as noteworthy non- government U. S. films and foreign films. The Fish and Wildlife Service's "The Story of Men- haden" was one of four films selected for pro- gramming, thus receiving the Film Festival's highest honor. This report contains informition aimed to aid those charged with the important responsibility of selecting the films which rep- resent the United States at subsequent Edinburgh Film Festivals. First Report to Congress on the Mutual Security Program...for a strong and free world, 84 p., illus., printed. Mutual Security Agency, Wash— ington, D. C., December 31, 1951. This report reviews the steps being taken with other nations to build up the strength of the free world, in support of the principles of the Charter of the United Nations. Fisheries in Madras State, by Minister for Food and Fisheries, 42 p., illus., printed. The Director of Information and Publicity, Govern— ment of Madras, India, 1951. This brochure describes briefly the various problems relat— ing to the fisheries of the State of Madras and the measures taken by the Government to intensify production, expedite transport, and ensure preservation and marketing of fish. Among the subjects covered are: early histo- ry of the Department of Fisheries and its re- search activities; fisheries training program; inland fishery development; fishery technology research; and marine fishery exploitation and research. Fisheries Programs in Japan, 1945-51, canpiled by William C. Neville, Report No. 152, 56 p., illus., processed. Natural Resources Section, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, Tokyo, Japan, December 1951. (Reports may be purchased only in photostat or microfilm from the office of Technical Services, U. S. De- partment of Commerce, Washington 25, D. Go) This report discusses the development of the Japanese fishery programs since 1945 when they were undertaken by the Fisheries Division of SCAP's Natural Resources Section; the re— habilitation of the Japanese fishing industry; fishery reforms; and orientation on policies and programs. Included are data on produc— tion, number and gross tonnage of Japanese fishing fleet, important materials used by Japanese fisheries, catch and production of Japanese Antarctic Whaling Expeditions, and production of nine tuna expeditions. A list of the reports and publications on Japanese fisheries issued by the Fisheries Division of SCAF's Natural Resources Section also appears in this booklet. The General Principles of Smoke-Curing of Fish, by C. L. Cutting, Food Investizetion Leaflet No. 135, 18 62 COMMERCIAL FIS:HISRIUS REVIEW p.-, printed, 9d. net (about 11 US cents). Torry Research Station, Department of Scientific and In— dustrial Research, Aberdeen, Scotland, 1951. (Available from British Information Services, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York 20, N. Y.) This leaf— let discusses the preparation of fish for smoke- curing; the different types of smoking; and pack— ing, chilling and cold-storage of smoked fish. The characteristics of the more important types of smoked fish in Great Britain, with some approximate percentage yields by weight and approximate campo- sition of the different products, are also summa- rized. Included is a table giving the approximate storage life of different types of smoke-cured fishery products, "Inshore Fisheries of South Africa," by Peter Seott, article, Economic Geography, vol. 27, no. 2, A- pril 1951, pp. 123-147, illus., printed, $1.50. Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts. This article discusses the economic importance of the inshore fisheries of South Africa; oceanographic conditions affecting regional productivity; fish and shellfish; other inshore products; line-fish- ing grounds; weather, winds, and harbors; fish- ing craft and fishermen; fishing gear; regulation of the inshore fisheries; handling and marketing the catch; and expansion problems and» the future of the South African inshore fisheries. 1951 Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior (Fiscal Year Ended Jure 30, 1951) , 506 p., print— ed, indexed, $1.00. U.S. Department of the In- terior, Washington, D. C. (For sale by the Super- intendent of Documents, Washington, D.C.) In addition to an article ("Resources for Defense") , this publication contains the annual reports of the various agéncies of the Department of the Interior, including the Fish and Wildlife Service and the Defense Fisheries Administration. In- cluded in the Fish and Wildlife Service report are summaries of the various activities of that agency. Specifically discussed are utilization of fishery resources (describes the activities of the Branch of Commercial Fisheries); administration-of Alaska fisheries; Pribilof Islands fur-seal in- dustry; research in fishery biology (river, marine and inland fisheries); maintenance of inland fish— eries; international cooperation in conservation (international conservation agreements and tech— nical cooperation); Federal aid to state projects for the restoration of wildlife; river basin de- velopment and wildlife needs; administration of Federal statutes for protection of fish and wild— life; and other activities. Under the Defense Fisheries Administration section, a concise de— scription of that agency and its functions are presented. (Massachusetts) Third Report on Investigations of Methods of Improving the Shellfish Resources of Massachusetts, by Harry J. Turner, Jr., Contribu- tion No. 564, 31 p., illus., printed. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass., December 31, 1950. This is a summary of the in- vestigations of methods of improving the shellfish resources of Massachusetts which were carried out in 1950 by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institu— tion under contract with the Division of Marine Fisheries, Massachusetts Department of Conserva— tion. This report includes the following articles "Investigations on the Soft-Shell Clam, Mya Vol. 14, No. 4 arenaria," by Harry J. Turner, Jr.; "Feeding Ac— tivities of the Boring Snail, Polynices duplicata" by David B. Sawyer; "Observations on the Natural History of the American Horseshoe Crab, Limulus polyphemus," by Carl N. Shuster, Jr., "Investi- gations of the Sea Scallop, Pecten grandis," by Julius Arthur Posgay; and "Growth of the North Pacific Oyster, Osrea gigas, in Massachusetts,” by Harry J. Turner, Jr. Fourth Annual Report of the Pacific Marine Fish- eries Commission for the Year 1951 (To the Con- gress of the United States and to the Governors and Legislatures of Washington, Oregon and Cali- fornia), 15 p., printed. Pacific Marine Fish— eries Commission, Portland, Oregon. The activ— ities and a short resume of the meetings of the Commission during 1951 are given in this report. Also included are summaries of reports submitted by the participating agencies on the research conducted in 1951 on the following marine species and fisheries: ocean salmon, albacore tuna, sar- dine (pilchard), sablefish (black cod), and the otter-trawl fishery. In addition a financial re- port of the Commission appears in the report. Salmon Rehabilitation and Hatcheries, 7 p., illus., printed. Washington State Department of Fisheries, Seattle, Washington. Describes the role of the modern salmon hatchery, deveiopments in artificial propagation, hatching methods, and the Washington Department of Fisheries salmon rehabilitation pro- gram. A description of the Pacific salmon family is also included. Systematic List of Economic Aquatic Animals and Plants in Japan, by T. Ino, Report No. 151, 81 pe, processed, Natural Resources Section, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, Tokyo, Japan, 1951. (Reports may be purchased only in photo- stat or microfilm from the Office of Technical Services, U. S. Department of Commerce, Washing- ton 25, D. C.) The economicaquatic animals and plants in Japan are listed in this report, to- gether with their scientific names and English and Japanese equivalents. Their fields of eco- nomic usefulness is also presented. It was com-— piled to help clarify the countless local ver- nacular names for fish, shellfish, and seaweed as used in the various parts of Japan. A total of 856 species and 581 genera are listed. Systematic List of Fishes of the Ryukyu Islands, by Yoshio Hiyama, Report No. 150, 49 p., illus., processed. Natural Resources Section, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, Tokyo, Japan, 1951. (Reports may be purchased only in photo- stat or microfilm from the Office of Technical Services, U. S. Department of Commerce, Washing- ton 25, D. C.) This report lists fishes of the Ryukyu Islands with their-scientific names and Ryukyuan, Japanese, and English equivalents. A total of 135 species has been listed together with 62 illustrations of some of the more im- portant and common fishes. lement III to United States Import Duties (2950) , 34 pe, processed. U. S. Tariff Commis- sion, Washington, D. C., January 1952. Thisis the third supplement to United States Import April 1952 Editorial Assistant--Ruth V. COMMERCIAL FISHERIES REVIEW THESE PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT AVAILABLE FROM THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, CIlES ISSUING THEM. Duties (1950), bringing that publication up to date. Supplement II showed certain changes in duties resulting from the trade-agreement ne- gotiations conducted at Torquay, England. Since Supplement II was issued, most of the remainder of the tariff concessions negotiated at Torquay have been put into effect. Also certain addi- tional concessions initially negotiated with BUT USUALLY MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE AGEN- China at the 1947 Geneva trade conference have been withdrawn. Changes in duties resulting from these and other actions are indicated in this Supplement III. fishery products imports. for the issuance in about six months of a new edition of the basic document. CONTENTS, CON FOREIGN (CONT.): INDIA: DEVELOPMENT OF FISHERIES IN MADRAS STATE ..... IRISH FREE STATE: FISHING INDUSTRY REORGANIZATION PLANNED ..esesecees JAMAICA: F|SH-MEAL MANUFACTURE SEEN-AS NEW INDUSTRY POSSIBILITY .....e+esee0 sogdoc noOe noose OooMeEanS JAPAN: EXPANSION OF FISHING OPERATIONS IN EAST CHINA SEA . KENYA: NEW FISHING GROUNDS FOUND OFF KENYA COAST .......-. LEBANON: POINT FOUR SPECIALIST TO ADVISE LEBANON ON EXPANSION OF FISH INDUSTRY ....«-e+e- MEXICO: weer eee e et ene PRODUCERS SEEK CLOSED SEASONS FOR CERTAIN FISHERIES GUAYMAS SHRIMP=FREEZING PLANTS CLOSED .....-..s+e0- NEW OFFICIAL CANNED SARDINE PRICE ESTABLISHED FOR EXPORT DUTY PURPOSES ..eee-e-e-eenvesssaseves SHRIMP EXPORT DUTIES INCREASED ... NATIONAL CHAMBER OF FISHERY INDUSTRY FORMULATES OBJECTIVES .. NORWAY: 1952 WINTER HERRING CATCH AND UTILIZATION ....-.00 FISH=LIVER OIL DEMAND SLACK ..e.eesesseceees on SEALING FLEET LEAVES FOR NEWFOUNDLAND ..... KLIPFISH STOCKS SOLD .csesenesernnc-seoeccesososees NORWEGIAN RESEARCH VESSEL FOLLOWS WINTER. HERRING MIGRATION ..cesecceesoees orc eeescsecsorerece NEW METHOD FOR PROCESSING DRY-SALTED coD .. SAUSAGE CASING FROM SEAWEED .. PANAMA: REVIEW OF THE FISHERIES, eee were ee eran ee sees esas sess onsecee 1951 s.cccccwecenvees PAGE 39 40 40 43 "RECENT FISHERY PUBL} CATIONS: oo TINUED FOREIGN (CONT. ): SPAIN: FISH CANNING TRENDS IN VIGO DISTRICT, 1951 .. NEW FISHING VESSELS FOR COD FISHERIES ....... UNITED KINGDOM: UNDERWATER TELEVISION MAY BE USED TO EXPLOIT WORLD'S FISHERIES .......0- Dee eee i i U. S. S. R.? REFRIGERATED FISH TRANSPORTS ORDERED FROM NETHERLANDS ...--eeeees wee san vices sivas cisievesccies vie VENEZUELA: FISHERIES TRENDS, 1951 ..... 3 nabesgoudooncoEnd FEDERAL ACTIONS: scevecesecccererecssecssccersseres c DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE: NATIONAL PRODUCT!ON AUTHORITY CONTROLLED MATERIALS DELIVERIES BY DISTRIBUTORS . STEEL STRAPPING RESTRICTIONS REMOVED BY NPA ...« FEDERAL TRADE COMM1ISS1 ON: PUBLIC REFRIGERATED STORAGE INDUSTRY TRADE PRACTICE RULES ..-ssseo-eee INTERSTATE COMMERCE GOMMISS1 ON: TRUCK TRIP-LEASING RESTRICTION DELAYED ..as0-e-s NEW INCREASE IN FREIGHT RATES AND CHARGES AFFECTS FISHERY PRODUCTS ... EIGHTY-SECOND CONGRESS GRAPHS: ..... LANDINGS AND RECE!PTS COLD STORAGE HOLDINGS AND FREEZINGS OF FISHERY PRODUCTS ...... CANNED FISHERY PRODUCTS saeeeee PRICES, |MPORTS, AND BYPRODUCTS (SECOND SESSION), MARCH 1952 Sei a FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE PUBLICATIONS . MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS ..e-sseues Sie Sng Keefe Compositors-—--—Jean Zalevsky, Betty Coakley, Tllustrator--Gustaf T. Irene Mainster KOK KOK OK OK Photograph Credits: Some of the changes affect Plans are inprogress seer w eee eres erene Sundstrom 63 Page by page, the following list gives the source or pho- tographer for each photograph in this issue. Photographs onpages not mentioned were obtained from the Service's file and the photographers are unknown. Cover page, pp. l, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13--R. Livingston, Jr.; p. 22--Norman B. Wigutoff. INTERIOR--DUPLI CATING SECTION, WASHINGTON, D. ele JoB #19722 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE PRESERVATION OF FISHERY PRODUCTS i Wt Fishery Leaflet 265, Bibliography of the Preservation of = Products e Freezing, contains references on the freezing of fishery products as far back as 1898 and covers the subject quite throughly from about 1920 to December 1947, inclusive. This 87-page bibliography contains articles from many journals and books. Im the majority of cases the original article was procured. To make the bibliography more valuable, a brief surmary of each article is included. Divided into two parts, Part I covers the Period to January 1945 and is a reissue; and Part II covers the period of January 19/45 to December 1947, inclusive, and has been issued as a supplement. Those who already have Part I, can obtain only PartII to complete the leaflet, while others can obtain both parts. This is the final issue of this bibli- HIN Ography.- More recent literature in the field of frozen fishery products is covered in the Service's publication, Commercial Fisheries Abstracts. °x oN *eoeugT @ get AGySs9atupy T1Teusop T1ey uosuyysS AZoTooz Jo °3deq feap *sqqtd *H 34e90U OOES 39ViSOd 40 IN3WAVd GIOAYV O1 3SN SLVAINd HOS ALIVN3Ad 640°S — 8G/G - BMNW WoT GTOL °ON 9 Tuateg SSANISNA WVIDISSO0 ‘Dd ‘SZ NOLONIHSYM SOIANES 34I10711M GNv HSI4 YOIMSLNI 3HL AO LNAWLYVd3aG saivis GaLlinn